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REFUTES | The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie only stars Donald Trump. | Mr._Krabs | Eugene H. Krabs , commonly known as Mr. Krabs , is a fictional character in the American animated television series SpongeBob SquarePants . He is voiced by actor Clancy Brown and first appeared in the series ' pilot episode `` Help Wanted '' on May 1 , 1999 . The character was created and designed by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg . Mr. Krabs owns the Krusty Krab restaurant and lives in an anchor with his daughter Pearl , who is a sperm whale . Although Krabs is obsessed with money and dislikes spending it , he will go to great lengths to make Pearl happy . He tends to worry about his riches and neglect the needs of his employees , SpongeBob and Squidward . He is in a romantic relationship with Mrs. Puff and shares a rivalry with his former best friend Plankton , who owns a struggling restaurant called the Chum Bucket located across the street from the Krusty Krab . Critical reception for Mr. Krabs was positive after the series ' debut but has been mixed as the show progressed , with critics offering praise toward his portrayal as a single father but criticism at a perceived exaggeration of greed . The character has been featured in a variety of merchandise , including plush toys , collectible figures , and video games . He also appears in the 2004 feature film The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie and its 2015 sequel The SpongeBob Movie : Sponge Out of Water . |
REFUTES | The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie only stars Donald Trump. | SpongeBob_SquarePants_-LRB-character-RRB- | SpongeBob SquarePants is the titular character and protagonist of the American animated television series of the same name . He is voiced by actor and comedian Tom Kenny , and first appeared on television in the series ' pilot episode on May 1 , 1999 . SpongeBob SquarePants was created and designed by cartoonist and marine biologist Stephen Hillenburg shortly after the cancellation of Rocko 's Modern Life in 1996 . Hillenburg intended to create a series about an over-optimistic sponge that annoys other characters . Hillenburg compared the concept to Laurel and Hardy and Pee-wee Herman . As he drew the character , he decided that a `` squeaky-clean square '' -LRB- like a kitchen sponge -RRB- fit the concept . His name is derived from `` Bob the Sponge '' , the host of Hillenburg 's comic strip The Intertidal Zone that he originally drew in the 1980s while teaching marine biology to visitors of the Ocean Institute . SpongeBob is a naïve and goofy sea sponge who works as a fry cook in the fictional underwater town of Bikini Bottom . The character has received positive critical response from media critics and achieved popularity with both children and adults , though he has been involved in public controversy . SpongeBob appeared in a We Are Family Foundation video promoting tolerance , which was criticized by James Dobson of Focus on the Family because of the foundation 's link to homosexuality . |
REFUTES | Vera Wang was born in March. | Vera_Wang | Vera Ellen Wang -LRB- , -LSB- u̯ɑ̌ŋ u̯éɪ̯u̯éɪ̯ -RSB- ; born June 27 , 1949 -RRB- is an American fashion designer based in New York City . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Pierce County, Washington is the home of a football team. | Pierce_City_High_School | Pierce City High School is the public high school for Pierce City , Missouri . They have a basketball team . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Great white sharks have prey preferences. | Great_white_shark | The great white shark -LRB- Carcharodon carcharias -RRB- , also known as the great white , white pointer , white shark , or white death , is a species of large mackerel shark which can be found in the coastal surface waters of all the major oceans . The great white shark is notable for its size , with mature female individuals growing up to 6.1 m in length and 1950 kg in weight . However most are smaller , males measuring 11 to and females 15 to on average . According to a 2014 study the lifespan of great white sharks is estimated to be as long as 70 years or more , well above previous estimates , making it one of the longest lived cartilaginous fish currently known . According to the same study , male great white sharks take 26 years to reach sexual maturity , while the females take 33 years to be ready to produce offspring . Great white sharks can accelerate to over 56 km/h for short bursts . The great white shark has no known natural predators other than the killer whale . The great white shark is arguably the world 's largest known extant macropredatory fish , and is one of the primary predators of marine mammals . It is also known to prey upon a variety of other marine animals , including fish and seabirds . It is the only known surviving species of its genus Carcharodon , and is ranked first in having the most recorded shark bite incidents on humans . The IUCN list the great white shark as a vulnerable species , while it is included in Appendix II of CITES . The novel Jaws by Peter Benchley and the subsequent film by Steven Spielberg depicted the great white shark as a `` ferocious man eater '' . Humans are not the preferred prey of the great white shark , but , nevertheless , the great white is responsible for the largest number of reported and identified fatal unprovoked shark attacks on humans . |
SUPPORTS | Matt Bomer acts. | Matt_Bomer | Matthew Staton Bomer -LRB- born October 11 , 1977 -RRB- is an American actor . He made his television debut with Guiding Light in 2001 , and gained recognition with his recurring role in the NBC television series Chuck . He played the lead role of con-artist and thief Neal Caffrey in the USA Network series White Collar from 2009 to 2014 . Bomer won a Golden Globe Award and received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for his supporting role as Felix Turner , opposite Mark Ruffalo , in the HBO television film The Normal Heart -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . Bomer made a guest appearance on the fourth season of FX 's horror anthology series American Horror Story . He was later upgraded to main cast during the fifth season . In film , Bomer has featured in supporting roles in the 2005 thriller Flightplan , the 2011 science fiction thriller In Time , the 2012 comedy-drama Magic Mike and its 2015 sequel , the 2014 supernatural-drama Winter 's Tale , and the 2016 neo-noir film The Nice Guys . On stage , Bomer has starred in the Dustin Lance Black play 8 on Broadway and at the Wilshire Ebell Theatre as Jeff Zarrillo , a plaintiff in the federal case that overturned California 's Proposition 8 . Bomer is married to the publicist Simon Halls with whom he has three children . |
SUPPORTS | The Raven (2012 film) was released the United States in 2012. | The_Raven_-LRB-2012_film-RRB- | The Raven is a 2012 American psychological thriller drama film directed by James McTeigue , produced by Marc D. Evans , Trevor Macy and Aaron Ryder and written by Ben Livingston and Hannah Shakespeare . It stars John Cusack , Alice Eve , Brendan Gleeson and Luke Evans . Set in 1849 , it is a fictionalized account of the last days of Edgar Allan Poe 's life , in which the poet and author pursues a serial killer whose murders mirror those in Poe 's stories . While the plot of the film is fictional , the writers based it on some accounts of real situations surrounding Edgar Allan Poe 's mysterious death . Poe is said to have repeatedly called out the name `` Reynolds '' on the night before his death , though it is unclear to whom he was referring . The title derives from Poe 's poem `` The Raven '' , in the similar manner of the earlier unrelated 1935 and 1963 films . It was released in Canada , Ireland , and the United Kingdom on March 9 , 2012 and in the United States on April 27 , 2012 . It was a moderate commercial success , receiving $ 1.7 million more than its budget , but garnering near-negative reviews , with the visual effects and score by Lucas Vidal praised , but the performances and plot twists criticized . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | The Catcher in the Rye is a young adult novel. | The_Catcher_in_the_Rye | The Catcher in the Rye is a 1951 novel by J. D. Salinger . A controversial novel originally published for adults , it has since become popular with adolescent readers for its themes of teenage angst and alienation . It has been translated into almost all of the world 's major languages . Around 1 million copies are sold each year with total sales of more than 65 million books . The novel 's protagonist Holden Caulfield has become an icon for teenage rebellion . The novel also deals with complex issues of innocence , identity , belonging , loss , and connection . The novel was included on Times 2005 list of the 100 best English-language novels written since 1923 and it was named by Modern Library and its readers as one of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century . In 2003 , it was listed at # 15 on the BBC 's survey The Big Read . |
REFUTES | Burbank, California is a location where secret and technologically advanced space ships were produced. | Burbank,_California | Burbank is a city in Los Angeles County in Southern California , United States , 12 mi northwest of downtown Los Angeles . The population at the 2010 census was 103,340 . Billed as the `` Media Capital of the World '' and only a few miles northeast of Hollywood , numerous media and entertainment companies are headquartered or have significant production facilities in Burbank , including The Walt Disney Company , Warner Bros. . Entertainment , Nickelodeon Animation Studios , NBC , Cartoon Network Studios with the West Coast branch of Cartoon Network , and Insomniac Games . The city is also home to Bob Hope Airport . It was the location of Lockheed 's Skunk Works , which produced some of the most secret and technologically advanced airplanes , including the U-2 spy planes that uncovered the Soviet Union missile components in Cuba in October 1962 . Burbank consists of two distinct areas : a downtown/foothill section , in the foothills of the Verdugo Mountains , and the flatland section . Burbank is the easternmost city in the San Fernando Valley . Burbank 's neighbor , Glendale , is the westernmost city in the San Gabriel Valley . The city was referred to as `` Beautiful Downtown Burbank '' on Laugh-In and The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson . The city was named after David Burbank , a New Hampshire-born dentist and entrepreneur who established a sheep ranch there in 1867 . |
REFUTES | Super Bowl XLV was played on February 6, 2011 in Jamaica. | Super_Bowl_XLV | Super Bowl XLV was an American football game between the American Football Conference -LRB- AFC -RRB- champion Pittsburgh Steelers and the National Football Conference -LRB- NFC -RRB- champion Green Bay Packers to decide the National Football League -LRB- NFL -RRB- champion for the 2010 season . The Packers defeated the Steelers by the score of 31 -- 25 . The game was played on February 6 , 2011 , at Cowboys Stadium in Arlington , Texas , the first time the Super Bowl was played in the Dallas -- Fort Worth area . Unlike other matchups , this game featured two title-abundant franchises : coming into the game , the Packers held the most NFL championships with 12 -LRB- 9 league championships prior to the Super Bowl era and 3 Super Bowl championships -RRB- , while the Steelers held the most Super Bowl championships with 6 . The Packers entered their fifth Super Bowl in team history , and became the first number 6-seeded team in the NFC to compete in the Super Bowl , after posting a 10 -- 6 regular season record . The Steelers finished the regular season with a 12 -- 4 record , and advanced to a league-tying 8th Super Bowl appearance . Green Bay dominated most of the first half of Super Bowl XLV , jumping to a 21 -- 3 lead before Pittsburgh cut it down to 21 -- 10 just before halftime . Then after the teams exchanged touchdowns , the Steelers pulled within 28 -- 25 midway through the fourth quarter with wide receiver Mike Wallace 's 25-yard touchdown reception from quarterback Ben Roethlisberger and a two-point conversion . But the Packers answered with Mason Crosby 's 23-yard field goal with 2:07 remaining , and then prevented the Steelers from scoring on their final drive of the game . Packers quarterback Aaron Rodgers was named Super Bowl MVP , completing 24 of 39 passes for 304 yards and three touchdowns . The broadcast of Super Bowl XLV on Fox averaged about 111 million viewers , breaking the record for the most-watched program in American television history . The game 's attendance was 103,219 , just short of the Super Bowl record 103,985 set in Super Bowl XIV at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena , California . The halftime show featured the American hip hop group The Black Eyed Peas , with additional performances by Usher and Slash . |
REFUTES | The Gettysburg Address was delivered by Barack Obama II. | Gettysburg_Address | The Gettysburg Address is a speech by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln , one of the best-known in American history . It was delivered by Lincoln during the American Civil War , on the afternoon of Thursday , November 19 , 1863 , at the dedication of the Soldiers ' National Cemetery in Gettysburg , Pennsylvania , four and a half months after the Union armies defeated those of the Confederacy at the Battle of Gettysburg . Abraham Lincoln 's carefully crafted address , secondary to other presentations that day , was one of the greatest and most influential statements of national purpose . In just over two minutes , Lincoln reiterated the principles of human equality espoused by the Declaration of Independence and proclaimed the Civil War as a struggle for the preservation of the Union sundered by the secession crisis , with `` a new birth of freedom '' that would bring true equality to all of its citizens . Lincoln also redefined the Civil War as a struggle not just for the Union , but also for the principle of human equality . Beginning with the now-iconic phrase `` Four score and seven years ago '' -- referring to the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776 -- Lincoln examined the founding principles of the United States as stated in the Declaration of Independence . In the context of the Civil War , Lincoln also memorialized the sacrifices of those who gave their lives at Gettysburg and extolled virtues for the listeners -LRB- and the nation -RRB- to ensure the survival of America 's representative democracy : that `` government of the people , by the people , for the people , shall not perish from the earth . '' Despite the speech 's prominent place in the history and popular culture of the United States , the exact wording and location of the speech are disputed . The five known manuscripts of the Gettysburg Address in Lincoln 's hand differ in a number of details , and also differ from contemporary newspaper reprints of the speech . Modern scholarship locates the speakers ' platform 40 yards -LRB- or more -RRB- away from the Traditional Site within Soldiers ' National Cemetery at the Soldiers ' National Monument and entirely within private , adjacent Evergreen Cemetery . |
SUPPORTS | See You on the Other Side was put out by Korn. | See_You_on_the_Other_Side_-LRB-Korn_album-RRB- | See You on the Other Side is the seventh studio album by Korn . It was released on December 6 , 2005 , by Virgin Records . It is their first album without long-time guitarist Brian `` Head '' Welch and the last album with original drummer David Silveria . The album was first certified gold in the United States on January 12 , 2006 ; a subsequent platinum record certification was awarded on March 16 , 2006 . The album is best known for the involvement of renowned production team ` The Matrix ' , best known for coproduction on works by Avril Lavigne , Britney Spears , and Shakira , who managed to give Korn 's music a different sound . The album features layout design and an original painting by the American surrealist / gothic painter David Stoupakis as a cover , eleven more paintings by the artist appear for the additional artwork and the deluxe special edition . |
SUPPORTS | Vera Wang was born on June 27, 1949. | Vera_Wang | Vera Ellen Wang -LRB- , -LSB- u̯ɑ̌ŋ u̯éɪ̯u̯éɪ̯ -RSB- ; born June 27 , 1949 -RRB- is an American fashion designer based in New York City . |
REFUTES | Nina Jacobson was born in 1966. | Nina_Jacobson | Nina Jacobson -LRB- born 1965 -RRB- is an American film executive who , until July 2006 , was president of the Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group , a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company . With Dawn Steel , Gail Berman and Sherry Lansing , she was one of the last of a handful of women to head a Hollywood film studio since the 1980s . She established her own production company called Color Force in 2007 , and is the producer of The Hunger Games movies . |
REFUTES | Chris Paul is notorious for shooting instead of passing, with the lowest assist record in the NBA. | Chris_Paul | Christopher Emmanuel Paul -LRB- born May 6 , 1985 -RRB- is an American professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Clippers of the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- . The point guard has won the NBA Rookie of the Year Award , two Olympic gold medals , and led the NBA in assists four times and steals six times . He has also been selected to nine NBA All-Star teams , eight All-NBA teams , and eight All-Defensive teams . Paul was a McDonald 's All-American in high school . He attended Wake Forest University for two years of college basketball where he helped the Demon Deacons achieve their first ever number one ranking . He was selected fourth overall in the 2005 NBA draft by the New Orleans Hornets and traded to the Clippers in 2011 . Off the court , Paul has served as the National Basketball Players Association president since August 2013 . One of the highest-paid athletes in the world , he holds endorsement deals with companies such as Nike and State Farm . |
REFUTES | The X-Files had only eight seasons. | The_X-Files_-LRB-franchise-RRB- | The X-Files is an American science fiction -- thriller media franchise created by Chris Carter . The franchise generally focused on paranormal or unexplained happenings . The first franchise release -- simply titled The X-Files -- debuted in September 1993 and ended in May 2002 . The show was a hit for Fox , and its characters and slogans -LRB- e.g. , `` The Truth Is Out There '' , `` Trust No One '' , `` I Want to Believe '' -RRB- became pop culture touchstones in the 1990s . 1996 saw the premiere of a second series set in the same universe but covering a storyline independent of the X-Files mythology , titled Millennium . In 1998 , the first X-Files feature film titled The X-Files was released , eventually grossing over $ 180 million . A spin-off -- The Lone Gunmen -- was released in 2001 and abruptly canceled . Six years after the initial television series was canceled , another film -- The X-Files : I Want to Believe -- was released . In January 2016 , a tenth season of The X-Files aired , featuring Carter as executive producer and writer , and starring David Duchovny and Gillian Anderson . An eleventh season will premiere in the 2017-18 television season . In addition to film and television , The X-Files franchise has expanded into other media , including books , video games , and comic books . These supplements to the film and television series have resulted in significant development of the show 's fictional universe and mythology . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | The New England Patriots owns the record for most Super Bowls lost. | New_England_Patriots | The New England Patriots are a professional American football team based in the Greater Boston region . The Patriots compete in the National Football League -LRB- NFL -RRB- as a member club of the league 's American Football Conference -LRB- AFC -RRB- East division . The team plays its home games at Gillette Stadium in the town of Foxborough , Massachusetts , which is located 21 mi southwest of downtown Boston and 20 mi northeast of downtown Providence , Rhode Island . The Patriots are also headquartered at Gillette Stadium . An original member of the American Football League -LRB- AFL -RRB- , the Patriots joined the NFL in the 1970 merger of the two leagues . The team changed its name from the original Boston Patriots '' ' after relocating to Foxborough in 1971 . The Patriots played their home games at Foxboro Stadium from 1971 to 2001 , then moved to Gillette Stadium at the start of the 2002 season . The Patriots ' rivalry with the New York Jets is considered one of the most bitter rivalries in the NFL . The Patriots have appeared in the Super Bowl nine times in franchise history , the most of any team , seven of them since the arrival of head coach Bill Belichick and quarterback Tom Brady in 2000 . The Patriots have since become one of the most successful teams in NFL history , winning 14 AFC East titles in 16 seasons since 2001 , without a losing season in that period . The franchise has since set numerous notable records , including most wins in a ten-year period -LRB- 126 , in 2003 -- 2012 -RRB- , an undefeated 16-game regular season in 2007 , the longest winning streak consisting of regular season and playoff games in NFL history -LRB- a 21-game streak from October 2003 to October 2004 -RRB- , and the most consecutive division titles won by a team in NFL history -LRB- won eight straight division titles from 2009 to 2016 -RRB- . The team owns the record for most Super Bowls reached -LRB- seven -RRB- and won -LRB- five -RRB- by a head coach -- quarterback tandem . The Patriots are tied with the 49ers and Cowboys for the second most Super Bowl wins with five . The Steelers are in front with six . |
SUPPORTS | Kyra Sedgwick had a role in a film. | Kyra_Sedgwick | Kyra Minturn Sedgwick Bacon -LRB- born August 19 , 1965 -RRB- is an American actress and producer . She is best known for her starring role as Deputy Chief Brenda Leigh Johnson on the TNT crime drama The Closer . Sedgwick 's role in the series won her a Golden Globe Award in 2007 and an Emmy Award in 2010 . The series ended on August 13 , 2012 , following the completion of its seventh season . She is also known for her recurring role as Madeline Wuntch on the successful sitcom Brooklyn Nine Nine . Sedgwick was nominated for a Golden Globe award for her performance in Something to Talk About -LRB- 1995 -RRB- . Sedgwick 's other film roles include Oliver Stone 's Born on the Fourth of July -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , Cameron Crowe 's Singles -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , as well as Heart and Souls -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , Phenomenon -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , What 's Cooking -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , Secondhand Lions -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , The Game Plan -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , and The Possession -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . She also has one of the starring roles in the critically acclaimed 2016 comedy-drama movie The Edge of Seventeen . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Meghan Markle is a teacher. | Donna_Denizé | Donna Denizé is an American poet and award-winning teacher at St. Albans School , located in Washington , D.C. . Ms. Denize is currently Chairwoman of the English Department . She has contributed widely to journals and magazines with essays and poetry , written books of collections of poetry , participated in development of professional training programs for teachers as well as programs for students of multiple public schools . Some of her work has appeared in anthologies and magazines and she has contributed to some Corporation for Public Broadcasting print and video media . |
SUPPORTS | Gaius Julius Caesar was the father of a dictator. | Gaius_Julius_Caesar_-LRB-proconsul-RRB- | Gaius Julius Caesar -LRB- ca. 130 BC -- 85 BC -RRB- was a Roman senator , a supporter of his brother-in-law , Gaius Marius , and the father of Gaius Julius Caesar , the dictator . Caesar was married to Aurelia Cotta , a member of the Aurelii and Rutilii families . They had two daughters , known as Julia Major and Julia Minor , and a son , Gaius , who was born in 100 BC . He was the brother of Sextus Julius Caesar -LRB- consul in 91 BC -RRB- and the son of Gaius Julius Caesar . Caesar 's progress through the cursus honorum is well known , although the specific dates associated with his offices are controversial . According to two elogia erected in Rome long after his death , Caesar was a commissioner in the colony at Cercina , military tribune , quaestor , praetor , and proconsul of Asia . The dates of these offices are unclear . The colony is probably one of Marius ' of 103 BC . Broughton dated the praetorship to 92 BC , with the quaestorship falling towards the beginning of the 90s BC . Brennan has dated the praetorship to the beginning of the decade . Caesar died suddenly in 85 BC , in Rome , while putting on his shoes one morning . Another Caesar , possibly his father , had died similarly in Pisa . His father had seen to his education by one of the best orators of Rome , Marcus Antonius Gnipho . In his will , he left Caesar the bulk of his estate , but after Marius 's faction had been defeated in the civil war of the 80s BC , this inheritance was confiscated by the dictator Sulla . |
SUPPORTS | Eurotas (river) is one of the major rivers of Laconia. | Eurotas_-LRB-river-RRB- | The Eurotas or Evrotas -LRB- Greek : Ευρώτας -RRB- is the main river of Laconia and one of the major rivers of the Peloponnese , in Greece . The river 's springs are located just northwest of the border between Laconia and Arcadia , at Skortsinos . The river is also fed by underwater springs at Pellana and by tributaries coursing down from Mt. Taygetos and Mt. Parnon , which flank the Eurotas valley to the west and east , respectively . The river is 82 km long , flowing in a north-south direction and emptying into the Laconian Gulf . |
REFUTES | The Thin Red Line (1998 film) has an all-British cast. | The_Thin_Red_Line_-LRB-1998_film-RRB- | The Thin Red Line is a 1998 American ensemble epic war film written and directed by Terrence Malick . Based on the novel by James Jones , it tells a semi-fictionalized version of the Battle of Mount Austen , which was part of the Guadalcanal Campaign in the Pacific Theater of World War II . It portrays soldiers of C Company , 1st Battalion , 27th Infantry Regiment , 25th Infantry Division , played by Sean Penn , Jim Caviezel , Nick Nolte , Elias Koteas and Ben Chaplin . Although the title may seem to refer to a line from Rudyard Kipling 's poem `` Tommy '' , from Barrack-Room Ballads , in which he calls foot soldiers `` the thin red line of heroes '' , referring to the stand of the 93rd Regiment in the Battle of Balaclava of the Crimean War , it is in reality a quote from Jones 's book which reads , `` they discover the thin red line that divides the sane from the mad ... and the living from the dead ... '' The film marked Malick 's return to filmmaking after a 20-year absence . It co-stars Nick Nolte , Adrien Brody , George Clooney , John Cusack , Woody Harrelson , Elias Koteas , Jared Leto , John C. Reilly , and John Travolta . Reportedly , the first assembled cut took seven months to edit and ran five hours . By the final cut , footage of performances by Bill Pullman , Lukas Haas , and Mickey Rourke had been removed -LRB- although one of Rourke 's scenes was included in the special features outtakes of the Criterion Blu-ray and DVD release -RRB- . The film was scored by Hans Zimmer , and shot by John Toll . Principal photography took place in New Zealand , and Australia in the state of Queensland . The film grossed $ 98 million against its $ 52 million budget . Critical response was generally positive and the film was nominated for seven Academy Awards : Best Picture , Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay , Best Cinematography , Best Film Editing , Best Original Score and Best Sound Mixing . It won the Golden Bear at the 1999 Berlin International Film Festival . Martin Scorsese ranked it as his second favorite film of the 1990s on At the Movies . Gene Siskel called it `` the greatest contemporary war film I 've seen '' . A previous film adaptation of the novel was released in 1964 . |
REFUTES | The Thin Red Line (1998 film) has an all-British cast. | Elias_Koteas | Elias Koteas -LRB- born March 11 , 1961 -RRB- is a Canadian actor of film and television , best known for his roles in Fallen , The Killing , and as Casey Jones in the first and third live-action Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles films . He currently co-stars as Alvin Olinsky on Chicago P.D. . |
REFUTES | The Thin Red Line (1998 film) has an all-British cast. | Jim_Caviezel | James Patrick `` Jim '' Caviezel -LRB- born September 26 , 1968 -RRB- is an American actor , best known for portraying Jesus Christ in the 2004 film The Passion of the Christ . Other notable roles include Private Witt in The Thin Red Line -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , Detective John Sullivan in Frequency -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , Jim McCormick in Madison , Catch in Angel Eyes -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Johannes in I Am David , Edmond Dantès in The Count of Monte Cristo -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , golfer Bobby Jones in Bobby Jones : Stroke of Genius -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , and Carroll Oerstadt in Déjà Vu -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . From 2011 until 2016 , he starred as John Reese on the CBS science-fiction crime drama series Person of Interest . |
REFUTES | The Thin Red Line (1998 film) has an all-British cast. | Adrien_Brody | Adrien Brody -LRB- born April 14 , 1973 -RRB- is an American actor . He received widespread recognition and acclaim after starring in Roman Polanski 's The Pianist -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor at age 29 , making him the youngest actor to win in that category . Brody is also the only male American actor to receive the French César Award . Other successful films that Brody has starred in are Bread and Roses , the 2005 version of King Kong , The Village , Predators , New York Stories , and The Thin Red Line . He is a frequent collaborator of Wes Anderson 's and has starred in two of Anderson 's films . Both of these films , The Grand Budapest Hotel and The Darjeeling Limited , were major successes . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Salman Rushdie published a novel in 1955. | Salman_Rushdie | Ahmed Salman Rushdie , FRSL -LRB- -LSB- sælˈmɑːn_ˈrʊʃdi -RSB- अहमद सलमान रुशदी , ; born 19 June 1947 -RRB- is a British Indian novelist and essayist . His second novel , Midnight 's Children -LRB- 1981 -RRB- , won the Booker Prize in 1981 and was deemed to be `` the best novel of all winners '' on two separate occasions , marking the 25th and the 40th anniversary of the prize . Much of his fiction is set on the Indian subcontinent . He combines magical realism with historical fiction ; his work is concerned with the many connections , disruptions , and migrations between Eastern and Western civilizations . His epic fourth novel , The Satanic Verses -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , was the subject of a major controversy , provoking protests from Muslims in several countries . Death threats were made against him , including a fatwā calling for his assassination issued by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini , the Supreme Leader of Iran , on 14 February 1989 . The British government put Rushdie under police protection . In 1983 Rushdie was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of Literature , the UK 's senior literary organisation . He was appointed Commandeur de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres of France in January 1999 . In June 2007 , Queen Elizabeth II knighted him for his services to literature . In 2008 , The Times ranked him thirteenth on its list of the 50 greatest British writers since 1945 . Since 2000 , Rushdie has lived in the United States . He was named Distinguished Writer in Residence at the Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute of New York University in 2015 . Earlier , he taught at Emory University . He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters . In 2012 , he published Joseph Anton : A Memoir , an account of his life in the wake of the controversy over The Satanic Verses . Rushdie was strongly favoured to have received the Nobel Prize in Literature but the Nobel organisers were later quoted as saying that they would have been `` too predictable , too popular . '' |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Sierra Morena is a thing. | Sierra_Morena | The Sierra Morena is one of the main systems of mountain ranges in Spain . It stretches for 450 kilometres from east to west across the south of the Iberian Peninsula , forming the southern border of the Meseta Central plateau and providing the watershed between the valleys of the Guadiana to the north and the west , and the Guadalquivir to the south . Its highest summit is 1,332 m high Bañuela . Other notable peaks are Corral de Borros 1,312 m and Cerro de la Estrella 1,298 m. The name Sierra Morena has a strong legendary reputation in Spanish culture and tradition , with myths about bandits -LRB- Los bandidos de Sierra Morena -RRB- , a giant snake -LRB- El Saetón de Sierra Morena -RRB- and a child brought up by wolves -LRB- Marcos Rodríguez Pantoja -RRB- , among others . This range is also mentioned in the famous Mexican song `` Cielito Lindo '' and in one of the most well known traditional Spanish songs , `` Soy Minero '' , interpreted by Antonio Molina . |
SUPPORTS | Species distribution can be understood through factors such as glaciation. | Species_distribution | Species distribution is the manner in which a biological taxon is spatially arranged . Species distribution is not to be confused with dispersal , which is the movement of individuals away from their area of origin or from centers of high on density . A similar concept is the species range . A species range is often represented with a species range map . Biogeographers try to understand the factors determining a species ' distribution . The pattern of distribution is not permanent for each species . Distribution patterns can change seasonally , in response to the availability of resources , and also depending on the scale at which they are viewed . Dispersion usually takes place at the time of reproduction . Populations within a species are translocated through many methods , including dispersal by people , wind , water and animals . Humans are one of the largest distributors due to the current trends in globalization and the expanse of the transportation industry . For example , large tankers often fill their ballasts with water at one port and empty them in another , causing a wider distribution of aquatic species . Biogeography is the study of the distribution of biodiversity over space and time . It is very useful in understanding species distribution through factors such as speciation , extinction , continental drift , glaciation , variation of sea levels , river capture and available resources . This branch of study not only gives a description of the species distribution , but also a geographical explanation for the distribution of particular species . The traditional biogeographic regions were first modeled by Alfred Wallace in The Geographical Distribution of Animals -LRB- 1876 -RRB- . These were based on the work of Sclater 's terrestrial biogeographic regions . Wallace 's system was based on both birds and vertebrates , including non-flying mammals , which better reflect the natural divisions of the Earth due to their limited dispersal abilities . |
SUPPORTS | Punch-Drunk Love's producers were Revolution Studios and New Line Cinema. | Punch-Drunk_Love | Punch-Drunk Love is a 2002 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by Paul Thomas Anderson and starring Adam Sandler , Emily Watson , Philip Seymour Hoffman , Luis Guzmán , and Mary Lynn Rajskub . After the release of his previous film Magnolia -LRB- which ran over three hours -RRB- , Anderson stated that he would like to work with Adam Sandler in the future and that he was determined to make his next film ninety minutes long . The film was produced by Revolution Studios and New Line Cinema , and distributed by Columbia Pictures ; it features the video art of Jeremy Blake in the form of visual interludes . The film received positive reviews from critics , with Sandler 's performance receiving critical praise , but just failed to recoup its production budget at the box office . |
SUPPORTS | John Goodman played Babe Ruth in The Babe. | John_Goodman | John Stephen Goodman -LRB- born June 20 , 1952 -RRB- is an American actor . Early in his career , he was best known for playing Dan Conner on the ABC TV series Roseanne -LRB- 1988 -- 1997 -RRB- , for which he won a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in 1993 . He is also a regular collaborator with the Coen brothers on such films as Raising Arizona -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , Barton Fink -LRB- 1991 -RRB- , The Big Lebowski -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , O Brother , Where Art Thou ? -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , and Inside Llewyn Davis -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . Goodman 's voice roles in animated films include Pacha in Disney 's The Emperor 's New Groove -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , and Sulley in Pixar 's Monsters , Inc. -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , and Monsters University -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . His other film performances include lead roles in The Babe -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , The Flintstones -LRB- 1994 -RRB- and 10 Cloverfield Lane -LRB- 2016 -RRB- and supporting roles in Coyote Ugly -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , The Artist -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Argo -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Flight -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , The Hangover Part III -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , and Patriots Day -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . On television , he has had regular roles on Amazon Studios ' Alpha House and on the first season of HBO 's Treme and has been one of the most frequent hosts of Saturday Night Live , as well as guest roles on series such as Community . John Heilpern of Vanity Fair has called him `` among our very finest actors '' . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Ned Stark's cast was nominated for a Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series and was successful. | Primetime_Emmy_Award_for_Outstanding_Actress_in_a_Short_Form_Comedy_or_Drama_Series | This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Actress in a Short Form Comedy or Drama Series . These awards , like the guest acting awards , are not presented at the Primetime Emmy Awards show , but rather at the Creative Arts Emmy Award ceremony . |
SUPPORTS | London is the birthplace of William Blackstone. | William_Blackstone | Sir William Blackstone -LRB- 10 July 1723 -- 14 February 1780 -RRB- was an English jurist , judge and Tory politician of the eighteenth century . He is most noted for writing the Commentaries on the Laws of England . Born into a middle-class family in London , Blackstone was educated at Charterhouse School before matriculating at Pembroke College , Oxford in 1738 . After switching to and completing a Bachelor of Civil Law degree , he was made a Fellow of All Souls , Oxford on 2 November 1743 , admitted to Middle Temple , and called to the Bar there in 1746 . Following a slow start to his career as a barrister , Blackstone became heavily involved in university administration , becoming accountant , treasurer and bursar on 28 November 1746 and Senior Bursar in 1750 . Blackstone is considered responsible for completing the Codrington Library and Warton Building , and simplifying the complex accounting system used by the college . On 3 July 1753 he formally gave up his practice as a barrister and instead embarked on a series of lectures on English law , the first of their kind . These were massively successful , earning him a total of # 453 -LRB- # in terms -RRB- , and led to the publication of An Analysis of the Laws of England in 1756 , which repeatedly sold out and was used to preface his later works . On 20 October 1758 Blackstone was confirmed as the first Vinerian Professor of English Law , immediately embarking on another series of lectures and publishing a similarly successful second treatise , titled A Discourse on the Study of the Law . With his growing fame , Blackstone successfully returned to the bar and maintained a good practice , also securing election as Tory Member of Parliament for the rotten borough of Hindon on 30 March 1761 . In November 1765 he published the first of four volumes of Commentaries on the Laws of England , considered his magnum opus ; the completed work earned Blackstone # 14,000 -LRB- # in terms -RRB- . After repeated failures , he successfully gained appointment to the judiciary as a Justice of the Court of King 's Bench on 16 February 1770 , leaving to replace Edward Clive as a Justice of the Common Pleas on 25 June . He remained in this position until his death , on 14 February 1780 . Blackstone 's legacy and main work of note is his Commentaries . Designed to provide a complete overview of English law , the four-volume treatise was repeatedly republished in 1770 , 1773 , 1774 , 1775 , 1778 and in a posthumous edition in 1783 . Reprints of the first edition , intended for practical use rather than antiquary interest , were published until the 1870s in England and Wales , and a working version by Henry John Stephen , first published in 1841 , was reprinted until after the Second World War . Legal education in England had stalled ; Blackstone 's work gave the law `` at least a veneer of scholarly respectability '' . William Searle Holdsworth , one of Blackstone 's successors as Vinerian Professor , argued that `` If the Commentaries had not been written when they were written , I think it very doubtful that -LSB- the United States -RSB- , and other English speaking countries would have so universally adopted the common law . '' In the United States , the Commentaries influenced Alexander Hamilton , John Marshall , James Wilson , John Jay , John Adams , James Kent and Abraham Lincoln , and remain frequently cited in Supreme Court decisions . |
SUPPORTS | A website that is presented to users the same way it is stored is called static. | Web_page | A web page , or webpage , is a document that is suitable for the World Wide Web and web browsers . A web browser displays a web page on a monitor or mobile device . The web page is what displays , but the term also refers to a computer file , usually written in HTML or comparable markup language . Web browsers coordinate the various web resource elements for the written web page , such as style sheets , scripts , and images , to present the web page . Typical web pages provide hypertext that includes a navigation bar or a sidebar menu to other web pages via hyperlinks , often referred to as links . On a network , a web browser can retrieve a web page from a remote web server . On a higher level , the web server may restrict access to only a private network such as a corporate intranet or it provides access to the World Wide Web . On a lower level , the web browser uses the Hypertext Transfer Protocol -LRB- HTTP -RRB- to make such requests . A static web page is delivered exactly as stored , as web content in the web server 's file system , while a dynamic web page is generated by a web application that is driven by server-side software or client-side scripting . Dynamic website pages help the browser -LRB- the client -RRB- to enhance the web page through user input to the server . |
SUPPORTS | Doxycycline may cause diarrhea. | Doxycycline | Doxycycline is an antibiotic that is used in the treatment of a number of types of infections caused by bacteria and protozoa . It is useful for bacterial pneumonia , acne , chlamydia infections , early Lyme disease , cholera and syphilis . It is also useful for the treatment of malaria when used with quinine and for the prevention of malaria . Doxycycline can be used either by mouth or intravenously . Common side effects include diarrhea , nausea , vomiting , a red rash , and an increased risk of a sunburn . If used during pregnancy or in young children may result in permanent problems with the teeth including changes in their color . Its use during breastfeeding is probably safe . Doxycycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the tetracycline class . Like other agents of this class it kills bacteria and protozoa by inhibiting protein production . Doxycycline was patented in 1957 and came into commercial use in 1967 . It is on the World Health Organization 's List of Essential Medicines , the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system . Doxycycline is available as a generic medicine and is generally inexpensive . The wholesale cost in the developing world is between 0.01 and 0.04 USD per pill . In the United States 10 days of treatment is about 14 USD , however some in 2014 were selling it for more than 3.00 to 10.00 USD per pill . |
SUPPORTS | Ted Cruz is from the United States. | Ted_Cruz | Rafael Edward `` Ted '' Cruz -LSB- ˈkruːz -RSB- -LRB- born December 22 , 1970 -RRB- is an American politician and attorney , who has served as the junior United States Senator from Texas since 2013 . He was a candidate for the Republican nomination for President of the United States in the 2016 election . Cruz graduated from Princeton University , New Jersey , in 1992 , and from Harvard Law School , Massachusetts , in 1995 . From 1999 to 2003 , he served in various political appointee positions : the Director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission -LRB- FTC -RRB- , an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the United States Department of Justice , and a Domestic Policy Advisor to George W. Bush on the 2000 George W. Bush Presidential campaign . Cruz served as Solicitor General of Texas , from 2003 to 2008 , appointed by Texas Attorney General , Greg Abbott . He was the first Hispanic , and the longest-serving , Solicitor General in Texas history . From 2004 to 2009 , Cruz was an Adjunct Professor at the University of Texas School of Law in Austin , Texas , where he taught U.S. Supreme Court litigation . Cruz ran for the Senate seat vacated by fellow Republican Kay Bailey Hutchison and , in July 2012 , defeated Lieutenant Governor David Dewhurst during the Republican primary runoff , 57 -- 43 % . He defeated former State Representative Paul Sadler in the November 2012 general election , winning 56 -- 41 % . He is the first Hispanic American to serve as a U.S. Senator representing Texas , and is one of three senators of Cuban descent . He chairs the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Oversight , Federal Rights and Agency Activities , and is the Chairman of the Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Space , Science and Competitiveness . In November 2012 , he was appointed Vice-Chairman of the National Republican Senatorial Committee . Cruz began campaigning for the Republican presidential nomination in March 2015 . During the primary campaign , his base of support was strongest with `` women , white evangelical Protestants , people over the age of 50 , and those who identified themselves as conservatives '' , though he had crossover appeal to other factions within his party , including libertarian conservatives and millennials . Cruz 's victory in the February 2016 Iowa caucuses marked the first time a Hispanic person won a U.S. presidential caucus or primary . He eventually emerged as the main challenger to frontrunner Donald Trump . He suspended his campaign for president on May 3 , 2016 , after losing the Republican primary in Indiana to Trump . |
SUPPORTS | A staging area is a location where vehicles are assembled before use. | Staging_area | A staging area -LRB- otherwise staging point , staging base or staging post -RRB- is a location where organisms , people , vehicles , equipment or material are assembled before use . It may refer to : Construction Designated area where vehicles , supplies , and construction equipment are positioned for access and use to a construction site . Ecology Resting and feeding places of migratory birds are referred to as staging areas . Entertainment Places designated for setting up parades and other elaborate presentations . Military In military usage , a staging area is a place where troops or equipment in transit are assembled or processed . The US Department of Defense uses these definitions : Often and historically this military staging area has been termed a point d'appui , which is often on high ground and sometimes coincident with a significant prehistoric monument , as in the case of Catto Long Barrow in Aberdeenshire , Scotland . Unlike normal bases , the facilities of a staging area are temporary , mainly because for a certain time it will hold much more troops and materiel than would be reasonable in peacetime . Militaries use staging areas to deploy military units , aircraft and warships and materiel ahead of an attack or invasion . In former times , this used to be generally the border area of one 's own country , but in recent wars -LRB- Gulf War , Kosovo War , Iraq War -RRB- it may also be the border area of another unrelated country granting access . Space exploration Area where final assembly is done on space vehicles before they are moved out to their launch pad . Data management Intermediate storage area between the sources of information and the data warehouse -LRB- DW -RRB- or Data mart -LRB- DM -RRB- . It is usually of temporary nature , and its contents can be erased after the DW/DM has been loaded successfully . |
REFUTES | The Brat Pack only appeared together in baby-oriented coming-of-age films. | Brat_Pack_-LRB-actors-RRB- | The Brat Pack is a nickname given to a group of young actors who frequently appeared together in teen-oriented coming-of-age films in the 1980s . First mentioned in a 1985 New York magazine article , it is now usually defined as the cast members of two specific films released in 1985 -- The Breakfast Club and St. Elmo 's Fire -- although other actors are sometimes included . The `` core '' members are considered to be Emilio Estevez , Anthony Michael Hall , Rob Lowe , Andrew McCarthy , Demi Moore , Judd Nelson , Molly Ringwald , and Ally Sheedy . |
SUPPORTS | Joseph Merrick was a severely deformed man in the 19th century. | Joseph_Merrick | Joseph Carey Merrick -LRB- 5 August 1862 -- 11 April 1890 ; often incorrectly called John Merrick -RRB- was an English man with very severe deformities who was first exhibited at a freak show as the `` Elephant Man '' , and then went to live at the London Hospital after he met Frederick Treves , so becoming well known in London society . Merrick was born in Leicester , and began to develop abnormally during the first few years of his life : his skin appeared thick and lumpy , he developed enlarged lips , and a bony lump grew on his forehead , one of his arms and both of his feet became enlarged and at some point during his childhood he fell and damaged his hip , resulting in permanent lameness . When he was 9 , his mother died from bronchopneumonia , and his father soon remarried . Merrick left school at the age of 13 and had difficulty finding employment . Rejected by his father and stepmother , he left home . In late 1879 , Merrick , aged 17 , entered the Leicester Union Workhouse . In 1884 , after four years in the workhouse , Merrick contacted a showman named Sam Torr and proposed that Torr should exhibit him . Torr agreed and arranged for a group of men to manage Merrick , whom they named the Elephant Man . After touring the East Midlands , Merrick travelled to London to be exhibited in a penny gaff shop on Whitechapel Road which was rented by showman Tom Norman . Norman 's shop , directly across the street from the London Hospital , was visited by a surgeon named Frederick Treves , who invited Merrick to be examined and photographed . Soon after Merrick 's visits to the hospital , Tom Norman 's shop was closed by the police , and Merrick 's managers sent him to tour in Europe . In Belgium , Merrick was robbed by his road manager and abandoned in Brussels . He eventually made his way back to London ; unable to communicate , he was found by the police to have Dr. Treves 's card on him . Treves came and took Merrick back to the London Hospital . Although his condition was incurable , Merrick was allowed to stay at the hospital for the remainder of his life . Treves visited him daily , and the pair developed quite a close friendship . Merrick also got visits from the wealthy ladies and gentlemen of London society , including Alexandra , Princess of Wales . Merrick died on 11 April 1890 , aged 27 . Although the official cause of his death was asphyxia , Treves , who performed the autopsy on the body , said that Merrick had died of a dislocated neck . He believed that Merrick , who had to sleep sitting up because of the weight of his head , had been attempting to sleep lying down to `` be like other people '' . In absence of the possibility of genetic tests , the exact cause of Merrick 's deformities has long been unclear , so that throughout much of the 20th century it was speculated that Merrick was affected by other neurological syndromes . Only in 1986 was it conjectured that he had Proteus syndrome , a very rare congenital disorder also known as Wiedemann syndrome -LRB- named after the German pediatrician Hans-Rudolf Wiedemann -RRB- . DNA tests on his hair and bones in 2003 in a study by Charis Eng were inconclusive . Meanwhile , in 1979 , Bernard Pomerance 's play about Merrick called The Elephant Man debuted , and David Lynch 's film , also called The Elephant Man , was released in 1980 . In late 2014 and early 2015 , Bradley Cooper starred in a Broadway revival of The Elephant Man , directed by Scott Ellis . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Moesia included the Dobrich Province. | Moesia | Moesia -LRB- -LSB- ˈmiːʃə -RSB- , -LSB- ˈmiːsi.ə -RSB- , or -LSB- ˈmiːʒə -RSB- Latin : Moesia ; Μοισία -RRB- was an ancient region and later Roman province situated in the Balkans , along the south bank of the Danube River . It included most of the territory of modern-day Central Serbia and the northern parts of the modern Republic of Macedonia -LRB- Moesia Superior -RRB- , as well Northern Bulgaria and Romanian Dobrudja -LRB- Moesia Inferior -RRB- . |
SUPPORTS | Jack Lowden was in films in leading roles. | Jack_Lowden | Jack Lowden -LRB- born 2 June 1990 -RRB- is a Scottish stage , television , and film actor . Following a highly successful and award-winning four-year stage career , his first major international onscreen success was in the 2016 miniseries War & Peace , which led to starring roles in feature films . Lowden starred as Eric Liddell in the 2012 play Chariots of Fire in London . In 2014 he won an Olivier Award and the Ian Charleson Award for his role as Oswald in Richard Eyre 's 2013 adaptation of Ibsen 's Ghosts . In 2014 Screen Daily named him one of the UK Stars of Tomorrow . Since 2013 he has been in British television series and feature films , including substantial roles in The Tunnel -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and '71 -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and leading roles in the BBC miniseries The Passing Bells -LRB- 2014 -RRB- and War & Peace -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . His current projects include roles as golfing legend Tommy Morris in Tommy 's Honour , Tony Benn in the historical film A United Kingdom , a main-cast role in the Holocaust legal-drama film Denial , one of the leads in Christopher Nolan 's Dunkirk , the starring role of Morrissey in the biopic England Is Mine , one of the two leads in the thriller Calibre , and Zak `` Zodiac '' Bevis in Fighting with My Family . In late 2016 the UK arts and entertainment magazine The List chose Lowden as one of The Hot 100 2016 . |
SUPPORTS | Ted Cruz's has a middle name. | Ted_Cruz | Rafael Edward `` Ted '' Cruz -LSB- ˈkruːz -RSB- -LRB- born December 22 , 1970 -RRB- is an American politician and attorney , who has served as the junior United States Senator from Texas since 2013 . He was a candidate for the Republican nomination for President of the United States in the 2016 election . Cruz graduated from Princeton University , New Jersey , in 1992 , and from Harvard Law School , Massachusetts , in 1995 . From 1999 to 2003 , he served in various political appointee positions : the Director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission -LRB- FTC -RRB- , an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the United States Department of Justice , and a Domestic Policy Advisor to George W. Bush on the 2000 George W. Bush Presidential campaign . Cruz served as Solicitor General of Texas , from 2003 to 2008 , appointed by Texas Attorney General , Greg Abbott . He was the first Hispanic , and the longest-serving , Solicitor General in Texas history . From 2004 to 2009 , Cruz was an Adjunct Professor at the University of Texas School of Law in Austin , Texas , where he taught U.S. Supreme Court litigation . Cruz ran for the Senate seat vacated by fellow Republican Kay Bailey Hutchison and , in July 2012 , defeated Lieutenant Governor David Dewhurst during the Republican primary runoff , 57 -- 43 % . He defeated former State Representative Paul Sadler in the November 2012 general election , winning 56 -- 41 % . He is the first Hispanic American to serve as a U.S. Senator representing Texas , and is one of three senators of Cuban descent . He chairs the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Oversight , Federal Rights and Agency Activities , and is the Chairman of the Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Space , Science and Competitiveness . In November 2012 , he was appointed Vice-Chairman of the National Republican Senatorial Committee . Cruz began campaigning for the Republican presidential nomination in March 2015 . During the primary campaign , his base of support was strongest with `` women , white evangelical Protestants , people over the age of 50 , and those who identified themselves as conservatives '' , though he had crossover appeal to other factions within his party , including libertarian conservatives and millennials . Cruz 's victory in the February 2016 Iowa caucuses marked the first time a Hispanic person won a U.S. presidential caucus or primary . He eventually emerged as the main challenger to frontrunner Donald Trump . He suspended his campaign for president on May 3 , 2016 , after losing the Republican primary in Indiana to Trump . |
SUPPORTS | One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest won an Academy Award. | One_Flew_Over_the_Cuckoo's_Nest_-LRB-film-RRB- | One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest is a 1975 American comedy-drama film directed by Miloš Forman , based on the 1962 novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest by Ken Kesey . The film stars Jack Nicholson and features a supporting cast of Louise Fletcher , William Redfield , Will Sampson , and Brad Dourif . Considered to be one of the greatest films ever made , One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest is No. 33 on the American Film Institute 's 100 Years ... 100 Movies list . The film was the second to win all five major Academy Awards -LRB- Best Picture , Actor in Lead Role , Actress in Lead Role , Director , and Screenplay -RRB- following It Happened One Night in 1934 , an accomplishment not repeated until 1991 by The Silence of the Lambs . It also won numerous Golden Globe and BAFTA Awards . In 1993 , the film was deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry . |
SUPPORTS | Scream 2 is an American film. | Scream_2 | Scream 2 is a 1997 American slasher film directed by Wes Craven and written by Kevin Williamson . It stars David Arquette , Neve Campbell , Courteney Cox , Sarah Michelle Gellar , Jamie Kennedy , Laurie Metcalf , Jerry O'Connell , Jada Pinkett and Liev Schreiber . The film was released on December 12 , 1997 by Dimension Films as the second installment in the Scream film series . Scream 2 takes place one year after Scream and again follows the character of Sidney Prescott -LRB- Campbell -RRB- , now a student at the fictional Windsor College , who becomes the target of a copycat killer using the guise of Ghostface . Sidney is accompanied by film-geek Randy Meeks -LRB- Kennedy -RRB- , retired deputy sheriff Dewey Riley -LRB- Arquette -RRB- and news reporter Gale Weathers -LRB- Cox -RRB- . Like its predecessor , Scream 2 combines the violence of the slasher genre with elements of comedy and `` whodunit '' mystery while satirizing the cliché of film sequels . The film was followed by two sequels , Scream 3 -LRB- 2000 -RRB- and Scream 4 -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . Williamson provided a five-page outline for a sequel to Scream when auctioning his original script , hoping to entice bidders with the potential of buying a franchise . Following a successful test screening of Scream and the film 's financial and critical success , Dimension moved forward with the sequel while Scream was still in theaters , with the principal cast all returning to star , Craven to direct and Beltrami to provide music . The film suffered controversy following its significant issues with plot information leaking onto the Internet , revealing the identity of the killers . Combined with the film 's rushed schedule , the script was rewritten often ; pages were sometimes completed on the day of filming . Despite these issues , Scream 2 earned $ 172 million , received several awards and nominations . The film also received positive reviews , with some critics arguing that the sequel surpassed the original in terms of quality . Beltrami received positive critical reception for his score for evolving the musical themes of the characters created in Scream although some critics claimed that the most memorable pieces from the film were created by composers Danny Elfman and Hans Zimmer . Elfman 's contribution had been specially written for the film , but Zimmer 's score for Broken Arrow was controversially used in the film , replacing Beltrami 's own work . The soundtrack received negative feedback from reviewers but achieved moderate sales success , reaching # 50 on the Billboard 200 . |
REFUTES | Maria Theresa reigned over Spain. | Maria_Theresa | Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina -LRB- Maria Theresia -LSB- maˈʁiːa teˈʁeːzi̯a -RSB- 13 May 1717 -- 29 November 1780 -RRB- was the only female ruler of the Habsburg dominions and the last of the House of Habsburg . She was the sovereign of Austria , Hungary , Croatia , Bohemia , Transylvania , Mantua , Milan , Lodomeria and Galicia , the Austrian Netherlands and Parma . By marriage , she was Duchess of Lorraine , Grand Duchess of Tuscany and Holy Roman Empress . She started her 40-year reign when her father , Emperor Charles VI , died in October 1740 . Charles VI paved the way for her accession with the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 and spent his entire reign securing it . Upon the death of her father , Saxony , Prussia , Bavaria , and France all repudiated the sanction they had recognised during his lifetime . Frederick II of Prussia -LRB- who became Maria Theresa 's greatest enemy for most of her reign -RRB- promptly invaded and took the affluent Habsburg province of Silesia in the nine-year conflict known as the War of the Austrian Succession . Over the course of the war , despite the loss of Silesia and a few minor territories in Italy , Maria Theresa successfully defended her rule over most of the Habsburg empire . Maria Theresa later unsuccessfully tried to reconquer Silesia during the Seven Years ' War . Maria Theresa and her husband , Francis I , Holy Roman Emperor , had eleven daughters , including the Queen of France and Navarre , the Queen of Naples and Sicily , the Duchess of Parma , and five sons , including two Holy Roman Emperors , Joseph II and Leopold II . Of the sixteen children ten survived to adulthood . Though she was expected to cede power to Francis and Joseph , both of whom were officially her co-rulers in Austria and Bohemia , Maria Theresa was the absolute sovereign who ruled with the counsel of her advisers . She criticised and disapproved of many of Joseph 's actions . Maria Theresa understood the importance of her public persona and was able to simultaneously evoke both esteem and affection from her subjects . Maria Theresa promulgated financial and educational reforms , with the assistance of Count Friedrich Wilhelm von Haugwitz and Gerard van Swieten , promoted commerce and the development of agriculture , and reorganised Austria 's ramshackle military , all of which strengthened Austria 's international standing . However , she refused to allow religious pluralism and advocated for the state church and contemporary adversary travelers criticized her regime as bigoted and superstitious . As a young monarch who fought two dynastic wars , she believed that her cause should be the cause of her subjects , but in her later years she would believe that their cause must be hers . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Lois Lane was copyrighted by Nellie Bly. | Lois_Lane | Lois Lane is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics , commonly in association with the superhero Superman . Created by writer Jerry Siegel and artist Joe Shuster , she first appeared in Action Comics # 1 -LRB- June 1938 -RRB- . Lois is a reporter for the Metropolis newspaper , the Daily Planet , an award-winning journalist and the primary love interest of Superman . Her physical appearance was originally based on Joanne Carter , a model hired by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster , and Siegel 's future wife . For her character , Siegel was inspired by actress Glenda Farrell , the movie star who portrayed Torchy Blane -- a gutsy , beautiful headline-hunting reporter , starring in a series of 1930s films . Siegel took her name from actress Lola Lane . She was also influenced by the real-life journalist Nellie Bly . Depictions of the character have varied spanning the comics and other media adaptations . The original Golden Age version of Lois Lane , as well as versions of her from the 1970s onwards , portrays Lois as a tough-as-nails journalist and intellectually equal to Superman . During the Silver Age of Comics , she was the star of Superman 's Girl Friend , Lois Lane , a comic book series that had a light and humorous tone . Beginning in 2015 , she stars as the protagonist in the young adult novel series , Lois Lane , by writer Gwenda Bond . Lois is among the best-known female comic book characters . She has appeared in various Superman media adaptations . Actress Noel Neill first portrayed Lois Lane in the 1940s Superman film series and late reprise her role in the 1950s television series Adventures of Superman . Margot Kidder played the character in four Superman films in the 1970s and '80s . Teri Hatcher portrayed her in the 1990s television series Lois & Clark : The New Adventures of Superman and Erica Durance in the ' 00s series , Smallville . In the 2006 film Superman Returns , she was played by Kate Bosworth . The character was most recently portrayed by actress Amy Adams in the films Man of Steel -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and Batman v Superman : Dawn of Justice -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Nawaz Sharif is the 20th President of Pakistan. | Munaza_Hassan | Munaza Hassan is a Pakistani politician who is currently a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan . |
SUPPORTS | General Motors sells assembled vehicles. | General_Motors | General Motors Company , commonly known as GM , is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit , Michigan , that designs , manufactures , markets , and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts , and sells financial services . With global headquarters at the Renaissance Center in Detroit , Michigan , United States , GM manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries . In 2008 , 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands . 10 million cars sold milestone was exceeded on 2016 . Current auto brands are Buick , Cadillac , Chevrolet , GMC , Holden , and Wuling . Former GM automotive brands include McLaughlin , Oakland , Oldsmobile , Pontiac , Hummer , Saab , Saturn , Vauxhall , and Opel . The company was founded by William C. Durant on September 16 , 1908 as a holding company . The company was the largest automobile manufacturer from 1931 through 2007 . In addition to brands selling assembled vehicles , GM has also had various automotive-component and non-automotive brands , many of which it divested in the 1980s through 2000s . These have included Euclid and Terex -LRB- earthmoving/construction/mining equipment & vehicles -RRB- ; Electro-Motive Diesel -LRB- locomotive , marine , and industrial diesel engines -RRB- ; Detroit Diesel -LRB- automotive and industrial diesel engines -RRB- ; Allison -LRB- Aircraft engines , transmissions , gas turbine engines -RRB- ; Frigidaire -LRB- Appliances including refrigeration and air conditioning -RRB- ; New Departure -LRB- bearings -RRB- ; Delco Electronics and ACDelco -LRB- electrical and electronic components -RRB- ; GMAC -LRB- finance -RRB- ; General Aviation and North American Aviation -LRB- airplanes -RRB- ; GM Defense -LRB- military vehicles -RRB- ; and Electronic Data Systems -LRB- information technology -RRB- . General Motors produces vehicles in 37 countries under twelve brands : Chevrolet , Buick , GMC , Cadillac , Holden , HSV , Opel , Vauxhall , Wuling , Baojun , Jie Fang , and Ravon . The current company , General Motors Company -LRB- `` new GM '' -RRB- , was formed in 2009 following the bankruptcy of General Motors Corporation -LRB- `` old GM '' -RRB- , which became Motors Liquidation Company . The new company purchased the majority of the assets of the old GM , including the brand `` General Motors '' . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Scandinavia does not contain the remote Norwegian islands of Svalbard and Jan Mayen. | History_of_Scandinavia | The history of Scandinavia is the history of the region of northern Europe comprising Denmark , Norway , and Sweden . Finland and Iceland are at times considered part of Scandinavia . |
SUPPORTS | Ed Gagliardi died of cancer. | Ed_Gagliardi | Edward John ` Ed ' Gagliardi -LRB- February 13 , 1952 -- May 11 , 2014 -RRB- was an American bass guitarist , best known as the original bass player for the 1970s rock band Foreigner . He was a member of Foreigner from the beginning in 1976 . Gagliardi , most notably , played a red Rickenbacker bass guitar , left-handed even though he was naturally right-handed . It is widely known that he did so out of admiration , and devotion to Paul McCartney -LRB- most often self-doctored from right handed basses , reengineered and played upside down , by Gagliardi himself -RRB- . Gagliardi was on the albums Foreigner and Double Vision , but was fired from the band in 1979 . In 1981 , Gagliardi formed the band Spys with former Foreigner keyboardist Al Greenwood , a band that set the tone for much of the 80 's synth-rock bands , and received acclaim within the musical community . In the early 2000s , Gagliardi worked as a Service Department Writer at Rallye Lexus in Glen Cove , New York . Gagliardi died of cancer on May 11 , 2014 , after battling cancer for eight years . Friends and family held a private ceremony . |
SUPPORTS | Military deception is a form of strategic use of information used by the military. | Military_deception | Military deception refers to attempts to mislead enemy forces during warfare . This is usually achieved by creating or amplifying an artificial fog of war via psychological operations , information warfare , visual deception and other methods . As a form of strategic use of information -LRB- disinformation -RRB- , it overlaps with psychological warfare . To the degree that any enemy that falls for the deception will lose confidence when it is revealed , he may hesitate when confronted with the truth . Deception in warfare dates back to early history . The Art of War , an ancient Chinese military treatise , puts great emphasis on the tactic . In modern times military deception has developed as a fully fledged doctrine . Misinformation and visual deception were employed during World War I and came into even greater prominence during World War II . In the buildup to the 1944 invasion of Normandy the Allies executed one of the largest deceptions in military history , Operation Bodyguard , helping them achieve full tactical surprise . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Saw II topped charts in its first month. | List_of_Billboard_200_top_10_albums_in_2013 | This is a list of albums that charted in the top ten of the Billboard 200 , an all-genre albums chart , in 2013 . |
SUPPORTS | Telephone contains a sampled voice of an operator. | Telephone_-LRB-song-RRB- | `` Telephone '' is a song recorded by American singer Lady Gaga for her third EP , The Fame Monster -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . The song features American singer Beyoncé . The song was written by Gaga , Rodney Jerkins , LaShawn Daniels , Lazonate Franklin and Beyoncé . Inspired by her fear of suffocation , Gaga explained that the lyrics preferring relaxing on the dance floor to answering her lover 's phone call are a metaphor , the phone calling her representing the fear of not having worked hard enough to succeed . Originally , Gaga wrote the song for Britney Spears , who recorded a demo . Musically , `` Telephone '' consists of an expanded bridge , verse-rap and a sampled voice of an operator announcing that the phone line is unreachable . Beyoncé appears in the middle of the song , singing the verses in a rapid-fire way , accompanied by double beats . The song received positive reviews from critics who frequently noted `` Telephone '' as a stand-out track from The Fame Monster . It was Grammy-nominated for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals in 2011 . `` Telephone '' charted in a number of countries due to digital sales following the album 's release , namely in the United States , Australia , Canada , the Netherlands , New Zealand , Sweden and Hungary . The song was particularly successful in Europe where it reached the top of the charts in Belgium , Denmark , Hungary , Ireland , Norway and the United Kingdom . According to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry , the single sold 7.4 million digital copies worldwide in 2010 , making it one of Gaga 's best-selling singles . The accompanying music video is a continuation of the video for her 2009 song , `` Paparazzi '' , and is also shot as a short film . After Gaga gets bailed out of prison by Beyoncé , they go to a diner and poison the guests having breakfast . After the homicide they escape and end up in a high-speed police chase . The video referenced Quentin Tarantino and his films Pulp Fiction -LRB- 1994 -RRB- and Kill Bill : Volume 1 -LRB- 2003 -RRB- . The video received generally positive reviews was nominated for three awards at the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards , including one for Video of the Year . In January 2015 Billboard named it the best video of the first half of the decade . In memory of Alexander McQueen , Gaga performed an acoustic rendition of `` Telephone '' mixed with `` Dance in the Dark '' at the 2010 BRIT Awards . It was also added to the set list of The Monster Ball Tour in 2010 , the Born This Way Ball in 2012 and ArtRave : The Artpop Ball in 2014 . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | The Originals (TV series) is Lithuanian. | The_Originals_-LRB-TV_series-RRB- | The Originals is an American television series that began airing on The CW on October 3 , 2013 . Created as a spin-off of The Vampire Diaries , the series follows vampire Klaus Mikaelson as he and his family become embroiled in the supernatural politics of New Orleans . On May 10 , 2017 , The CW renewed the series for a fifth season . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Cambridgeshire's county council is underground. | Cambridgeshire_County_Council | Cambridgeshire County Council is the county council of Cambridgeshire , England . The council consists of 61 councillors , representing 59 electoral divisions . The Conservative Party took control of the council at the 2017 election after four years of no party having overall control . The council meets at Shire Hall in Cambridge . It is a member of the East of England Local Government Association . |
SUPPORTS | In some cultures, money is given away instead of candy when Trick-or-Treating. | Trick-or-treating | Trick-or-treating is a Halloween custom for children in many countries . Children in costumes travel from house to house asking for treats such as candy -LRB- or , in some cultures , money -RRB- with the phrase `` Trick or treat '' . The `` trick '' is a -LRB- usually idle -RRB- threat to perform mischief on the homeowners or their property if no treat is given to them . It typically happens during the evening of October 31 . Some homeowners signal that they are willing to hand out treats , for example by putting up Halloween decorations outside their door . Others might simply leave treats on their porch . In North America , trick-or-treating has been a Halloween tradition since the late 1920s . In Britain and Ireland the tradition of going house-to-house collecting food at Halloween goes back at least as far as the 16th century , as had the tradition of people wearing costumes at Halloween . In 19th century Britain and Ireland , there are many accounts of people going house-to-house in costume at Halloween , reciting verses in exchange for food , and sometimes warning of misfortune if they were not welcomed . The Scottish Halloween custom of `` guising '' -- children disguised in costume going from house to house for food or money -- is first recorded in North America in 1911 . While going house-to-house in costume has remained popular among Scots and Irish , the custom of saying `` trick or treat '' has only recently become common . The activity is prevalent in the United States , Canada , the United Kingdom , the Republic of Ireland , Puerto Rico , and northwestern and central Mexico . In the latter , this practice is called calaverita -LRB- Spanish for `` little skull '' -RRB- , and instead of `` trick or treat '' , the children ask ¿ me da mi calaverita ? -LRB- `` can you give me my little skull ? '' -RRB- where a calaverita is a small skull made of sugar or chocolate . |
REFUTES | Super Bowl XLV was played in Springfield, Massachusetts. | Super_Bowl_XLV | Super Bowl XLV was an American football game between the American Football Conference -LRB- AFC -RRB- champion Pittsburgh Steelers and the National Football Conference -LRB- NFC -RRB- champion Green Bay Packers to decide the National Football League -LRB- NFL -RRB- champion for the 2010 season . The Packers defeated the Steelers by the score of 31 -- 25 . The game was played on February 6 , 2011 , at Cowboys Stadium in Arlington , Texas , the first time the Super Bowl was played in the Dallas -- Fort Worth area . Unlike other matchups , this game featured two title-abundant franchises : coming into the game , the Packers held the most NFL championships with 12 -LRB- 9 league championships prior to the Super Bowl era and 3 Super Bowl championships -RRB- , while the Steelers held the most Super Bowl championships with 6 . The Packers entered their fifth Super Bowl in team history , and became the first number 6-seeded team in the NFC to compete in the Super Bowl , after posting a 10 -- 6 regular season record . The Steelers finished the regular season with a 12 -- 4 record , and advanced to a league-tying 8th Super Bowl appearance . Green Bay dominated most of the first half of Super Bowl XLV , jumping to a 21 -- 3 lead before Pittsburgh cut it down to 21 -- 10 just before halftime . Then after the teams exchanged touchdowns , the Steelers pulled within 28 -- 25 midway through the fourth quarter with wide receiver Mike Wallace 's 25-yard touchdown reception from quarterback Ben Roethlisberger and a two-point conversion . But the Packers answered with Mason Crosby 's 23-yard field goal with 2:07 remaining , and then prevented the Steelers from scoring on their final drive of the game . Packers quarterback Aaron Rodgers was named Super Bowl MVP , completing 24 of 39 passes for 304 yards and three touchdowns . The broadcast of Super Bowl XLV on Fox averaged about 111 million viewers , breaking the record for the most-watched program in American television history . The game 's attendance was 103,219 , just short of the Super Bowl record 103,985 set in Super Bowl XIV at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena , California . The halftime show featured the American hip hop group The Black Eyed Peas , with additional performances by Usher and Slash . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Southern Hospitality reached the Top 40 at number 38 on February 10, 2001 on a Tuesday. | Southern_Hospitality_-LRB-song-RRB- | `` Southern Hospitality '' is the second single released off Ludacris 's album Back for the First Time , released in 2000 . It was composed by The Neptunes . The song debuted at # 86 on the Billboard Hot 100 on January 20 , 2001 , reached the Top 40 at # 38 on February 10 , 2001 , and peaked at # 23 on March 24 . |
SUPPORTS | There is a video game called Team Fortress 2. | Team_Fortress_2 | Team Fortress 2 -LRB- TF2 -RRB- is a team-based multiplayer first-person shooter video game developed and published by Valve Corporation . It is the sequel to Team Fortress , the 1996 mod for Quake and its 1999 remake , Team Fortress Classic . It was released as part of the video game bundle The Orange Box in October 2007 for Microsoft Windows and the Xbox 360 . A PlayStation 3 version followed in December 2007 . The game was released for Windows as a standalone entry in April 2008 , and was updated to support OS X in June 2010 and Linux in February 2013 . It is distributed online through Valve 's digital retailer Steam , with retail distribution being handled by Electronic Arts . In Team Fortress 2 , players join one of two teams comprising nine character classes , battling in a variety of game modes including capture the flag and king of the hill . The development is led by John Cook and Robin Walker , creators of the original Team Fortress . Announced in 1998 , the game once had more realistic , militaristic visuals and gameplay , but this changed over the protracted nine-year development . After Valve released no information for six years , Team Fortress 2 regularly featured in Wired News annual vaporware list among other ignominies . The finished Team Fortress 2 has cartoon-like visuals influenced by the art of J. C. Leyendecker , Dean Cornwell , and Norman Rockwell , and uses Valve 's Source game engine . Team Fortress 2 received critical acclaim for its art direction , gameplay , humor , and use of character in a multiplayer-only game . Valve continues to release new content , including maps , items and game modes , as well as community-made updates and contributed content . In June 2011 , it became free-to-play , supported by microtransactions for in-game cosmetics . A ` drop system ' was also added and refined , allowing free-to-play users to periodically receive game equipment and items by use of a random number generator . Though the game had a unofficial competitive scene for many years , support for official competitive play through ranked matchmaking and an overhauled casual experience was added in July 2016 . |
SUPPORTS | There is a video game called Team Fortress 2. | Multiplayer_video_game | A multiplayer video game is a video game in which more than one person can play in the same game environment at the same time . Video games are often single-player activities , putting the player against preprogrammed challenges or AI-controlled opponents -LRB- which lack the flexibility of human thought -RRB- . Multiplayer games allow players interaction with other individuals in partnership , competition or rivalry , providing them with social communication absent from single-player games . In multiplayer games , players may compete against two -LRB- or more -RRB- human contestants , work cooperatively with a human partner to achieve a common goal , supervise other players ' activity , co-op , and objective-based modes assaulting -LRB- or defending -RRB- a control point . Multiplayer games typically require players to share the resources of a single game system or use networking technology to play together over a greater distance . |
SUPPORTS | There is a video game called Team Fortress 2. | Source_-LRB-game_engine-RRB- | Source is a 3D video game engine developed by Valve Corporation as the successor of GoldSrc . It debuted with Counter-Strike : Source in June 2004 , followed shortly by Half-Life 2 , and has been in active development since . Source does not have a concise version numbering scheme ; instead , it is designed in constant incremental updates . The successor , Source 2 , was officially announced in March 2015 , with the first game to use it being Dota 2 , which was ported over from Source later that year . |
SUPPORTS | There is a video game called Team Fortress 2. | Robin_Walker_-LRB-game_designer-RRB- | Robin Walker is an Australian video game designer best known for co-developing Team Fortress and Team Fortress 2 . |
SUPPORTS | There is a video game called Team Fortress 2. | Electronic_Arts | Electronic Arts Inc. -LRB- EA -RRB- is an American video game company headquartered in Redwood City , California . Founded and incorporated on May 28 , 1982 by Trip Hawkins , the company was a pioneer of the early home computer games industry and was notable for promoting the designers and programmers responsible for its games . As of 2014 , Electronic Arts was the world 's fourth-largest gaming company by revenue after Tencent , Sony and Microsoft The company sparked controversies over its advertising efforts , and acquisition of other studios . Currently , EA develops and publishes games under several labels including EA Sports titles FIFA , Madden NFL , NHL , NCAA Football , NBA Live , and SSX . Other EA labels produce established franchises such as Battlefield , Need for Speed , The Sims , Medal of Honor , Command & Conquer , as well as newer franchises such as Crysis , Dead Space , Mass Effect , Dragon Age , Army of Two , Titanfall and Star Wars : Knights of the Old Republic , produced in partnership with LucasArts . EA also owns and operates major gaming studios , EA Tiburon in Orlando , EA Canada in Burnaby , BioWare in Edmonton as well as Montreal , and DICE in Sweden . |
SUPPORTS | There is a video game called Team Fortress 2. | The_Orange_Box | The Orange Box is a video game compilation for Microsoft Windows , Xbox 360 , PlayStation 3 , OS X and Linux . The Windows and Xbox 360 versions were produced and published by Valve Corporation and released on October 10 , 2007 , as a boxed retail copy . A Windows-only download through Valve 's Steam service was released the previous day . The PlayStation 3 version was published by Electronic Arts and released in North America and Europe on December 11 , 2007 . Valve also released a soundtrack containing music from the games within the compilation . The compilation contains five games , all powered by Valve 's Source engine . Two of the games included , Half-Life 2 and its first stand-alone expansion , Episode One , had previously been released as separate products . Three new games were also included in the compilation : the second stand-alone expansion , Half-Life 2 : Episode Two , the puzzle game Portal , and Team Fortress 2 , the multiplayer game sequel to Team Fortress Classic . A separate product entitled The Black Box was planned , which would have included only the new games , but was cancelled . The Orange Box received critical acclaim , with Portal being recognized as a surprise favorite of the package . The PlayStation 3 version of The Orange Box was noted for several technical shortcomings that were not present in the other versions , only a few of which were fixed through a single patch . |
SUPPORTS | There is a video game called Team Fortress 2. | Team_Fortress_Classic | Team Fortress Classic is a team-based online multiplayer first-person shooter video game developed and released by Valve in 1999 . Based on the 1996 Quake modification Team Fortress , the title was ported to Valve 's GoldSrc engine as a way of promoting Half-Life 's software development kit . Matches in Team Fortress Classic pit two teams against each other , with each team member having access to nine distinct classes . Competition takes place in a variety of scenarios , usually capture the flag , VIP protection , or territorial control . Since its release , the game has undergone significant upgrades to player models and game modes . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | In 2012, the University of Leicester discovered remains. | University_of_Leicester | The University of Leicester -LRB- -LSB- ˈlɛstə -RSB- -RRB- is a public research university based in Leicester , England . The main campus is south of the city centre , adjacent to Victoria Park . The university established itself as a research-led university . It was previously ranking among the top 20 universities in the United Kingdom and was ranked 13th in 2014 by the Guardian . In 2008 , it was awarded University of the Year by the Times . As of 2016/17 the university is nationally ranked 25th in The Sunday Times Good University Guide , and 29th in the latest The Complete University Guide . It is ranked as one of the top 200 universities in the world by the Times in 2017 . The university is most famous for the invention of genetic fingerprinting and contributing to the discovery and identification of the remains of King Richard III . |
SUPPORTS | Physics is an academic discipline. | Physics | Physics -LRB- from -LSB- φυσική , phusikḗ -LRB- epistḗmē -RRB- , knowledge of nature -RSB- , from φύσις phúsis `` nature '' -RRB- is the natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion and behavior through space and time , along with related concepts such as energy and force . One of the most fundamental scientific disciplines , the main goal of physics is to understand how the universe behaves . Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines , perhaps the oldest through its inclusion of astronomy . Over the last two millennia , physics was a part of natural philosophy along with chemistry , biology , and certain branches of mathematics , but during the scientific revolution in the 17th century , the natural sciences emerged as unique research programs in their own right . Physics intersects with many interdisciplinary areas of research , such as biophysics and quantum chemistry , and the boundaries of physics are not rigidly defined . New ideas in physics often explain the fundamental mechanisms of other sciences while opening new avenues of research in areas such as mathematics and philosophy . Physics also makes significant contributions through advances in new technologies that arise from theoretical breakthroughs . For example , advances in the understanding of electromagnetism or nuclear physics led directly to the development of new products that have dramatically transformed modern-day society , such as television , computers , domestic appliances , and nuclear weapons ; advances in thermodynamics led to the development of industrialization , and advances in mechanics inspired the development of calculus . The United Nations named 2005 the World Year of Physics . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Exotic Birds achieved worldwide success despite being unpopular locally. | Exotic_Birds | The Exotic Birds was a synthpop music group formed in Cleveland , Ohio in 1982 by three Cleveland Institute of Music percussion students , Andy Kubiszewski , Tom Freer and Tim Adams . They wrote their own music , and were described as synthpop and dance . They achieved mainly local success , but appeared as an opening band for Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Information Society . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | The Suite Life of Zack & Cody is a funny sitcom. | The_Suite_Life_of_Zack_&_Cody | The Suite Life of Zack & Cody is an American sitcom created by Danny Kallis and Jim Geoghan . The series was first broadcast on Disney Channel on March 18 , 2005 , with 4 million viewers , making it the most successful premiere for Disney Channel in 2005 . It was one of their first five shows available on the iTunes Store . The series was nominated for an Emmy Award three times and was nominated for a Nickelodeon Kids ' Choice Award three times . The show was also a long-standing staple of the now defunct ABC Kids Saturday morning block on ABC . The series is set in the Tipton Hotel in Boston and centers on Zack Martin and Cody Martin -LRB- Dylan and Cole Sprouse -RRB- , troublesome twins who live at the Tipton Hotel . The series ' other main characters include the Tipton hotel 's ditzy heiress London Tipton -LRB- Brenda Song -RRB- , the hotel 's candy counter girl Maddie Fitzpatrick -LRB- Ashley Tisdale -RRB- , the manager , Mr. Marion Moseby -LRB- Phill Lewis -RRB- , and the boys ' single mother who is also the Hotel 's lounge singer , Carey Martin -LRB- Kim Rhodes -RRB- . The series is the third Disney Channel Original to have more than 65 episodes , after That 's So Raven and Kim Possible . Reruns aired on Disney XD and on the Watch Disney XD app . Reruns of the show aired on Disney Channel until April 14 , 2017 . The Suite Life spawned a sequel series , also starring the Sprouse twins in their respective roles as Zack and Cody , called The Suite Life on Deck , which aired on the Disney Channel from 2008 to 2011 . A TV movie based on both series , The Suite Life Movie , premiered on Disney Channel on March 25 , 2011 . |
REFUTES | Heath Ledger only won awards while he was alive. | Heath_Ledger | Heathcliff Andrew Ledger -LRB- 4 April 197922 January 2008 -RRB- was an Australian actor and director . After performing roles in several Australian television and film productions during the 1990s , Ledger left for the United States in 1998 to develop his film career . His work comprised nineteen films , including 10 Things I Hate About You -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , The Patriot -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , A Knight 's Tale -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Monster 's Ball -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Lords of Dogtown -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , Brokeback Mountain -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , The Dark Knight -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , and The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , the latter two being posthumous releases . He also produced and directed music videos and aspired to be a film director . For his portrayal of Ennis Del Mar in Brokeback Mountain , Ledger won the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor and Best International Actor from the Australian Film Institute , and was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role and for the Academy Award for Best Actor . Posthumously he shared the 2007 Independent Spirit Robert Altman Award with the rest of the ensemble cast , the director , and the casting director for the film I 'm Not There , which was inspired by the life and songs of American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan . In the film , Ledger portrayed a fictional actor named Robbie Clark , one of six characters embodying aspects of Dylan 's life and persona . Ledger died on 22 January 2008 from an accidental intoxication from prescription drugs . A few months before his death , Ledger had finished filming his performance as the Joker in The Dark Knight . His death occurred during editing of The Dark Knight and in the midst of filming his last role as Tony in The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus . His untimely death cast a shadow over the subsequent promotion of the $ 185 million Batman production . Ledger received numerous posthumous accolades for his critically acclaimed performance in the film , including the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor , a Best Actor International Award at the 2008 Australian Film Institute Awards -LRB- for which he became the first actor to win an award posthumously -RRB- , the 2008 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor , the 2009 Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture , and the 2009 BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor . |
SUPPORTS | Vincent D'Onofrio is the winner of a Saturn Award. | Vincent_D'Onofrio | Vincent Philip D'Onofrio -LRB- born June 30 , 1959 -RRB- is an American actor , producer , and singer . He is known for his roles as Private Leonard Lawrence -LRB- `` Gomer Pyle '' -RRB- in Stanley Kubrick 's war film Full Metal Jacket -LRB- 1987 -RRB- , Wilson Fisk in the Netflix series Daredevil , Det. Robert Goren in Law & Order : Criminal Intent , Edgar/the Bug in Men in Black -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , and Vic Hoskins in Jurassic World -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . Among other honors , D'Onofrio is a Saturn Award winner and an Emmy Award nominee . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Talulah Riley appeared in Hard Candy. | Talulah_Riley | Talulah Jane Riley-Milburn -LRB- born 26 September 1985 -RRB- , known professionally as Talulah Riley , is an English actress . She has appeared in films such as Pride & Prejudice , St Trinian 's , The Boat That Rocked , St. Trinian 's 2 : The Legend of Fritton 's Gold and Inception . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Leslie Alexander has owned the Houston Rockets for 20 years. | Leslie_Alexander_-LRB-businessman-RRB- | Leslie L. Alexander -LRB- born 1944 -RRB- is an American attorney , businessman and financier . He is a former bond trader from New Jersey who owns the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- team Houston Rockets . |
SUPPORTS | Camp Flog Gnaw is an annual carnival. | Camp_Flog_Gnaw | Camp Flog Gnaw is an annual carnival created and hosted by Tyler , The Creator and Odd Future . It is hosted once a year , and features various carnival games , well known artists , restaurants , and a ferris wheel . Camp Flog Gnaw has been held every year since 2012 . |
REFUTES | The Independent Spirit Awards are held in a parking lot. | Independent_Spirit_Awards | The Film Independent Spirit Awards -LRB- abbreviated `` Spirit Awards '' and originally known as the FINDIE or Friends of Independents Awards -RRB- , founded in 1984 , are awards dedicated to independent filmmakers . Winners were typically presented with acrylic glass pyramids containing suspended shoestrings representing the paltry budgets of independent films . In 1986 , the event was renamed the Independent Spirit Awards . Since 2006 , winners have received a trophy depicting a bird with its wings spread sitting atop of a pole with the shoestrings from the previous design wrapped around the pole . Now called the Film Independent Spirit Awards , the show is produced by Film Independent , the non-profit arts organization whose mission is to champion creative independence in visual storytelling and support a community of artists who embody diversity , innovation and uniqueness of vision . Film Independent Members vote to determine the winners of the Spirit Awards . The awards show is held inside a tent on the beach in Santa Monica , California , usually on the day before the Academy Awards -LRB- since 1999 ; originally the Saturday before -RRB- . The show is broadcast live on the IFC network , as well as Hollywood Suite in Canada and A&E Latin America . The 32nd Independent Spirit Awards ceremony , hosted by Nick Kroll and John Mulaney , was broadcast live on IFC on Saturday , February 25 at 2p/5e with an on-demand version available on Sundance Now . |
REFUTES | A. P. J. Abdul Kalam was not supported by any group. | A._P._J._Abdul_Kalam | Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam better known as A.P.J. Abdul Kalam -LSB- ˈæbdʊl_kəˈlɑːm -RSB- -LRB- 15 October 1931 -- 27 July 2015 -RRB- was the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007 . A career scientist turned statesman , Kalam was born and raised in Rameswaram , Tamil Nadu , and studied physics and aerospace engineering . He spent the next four decades as a scientist and science administrator , mainly at the Defence Research and Development Organisation -LRB- DRDO -RRB- and Indian Space Research Organisation -LRB- ISRO -RRB- and was intimately involved in India 's civilian space programme and military missile development efforts . He thus came to be known as the Missile Man of India for his work on the development of ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology . He also played a pivotal organisational , technical , and political role in India 's Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998 , the first since the original nuclear test by India in 1974 . Kalam was elected as the 11th President of India in 2002 with the support of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then-opposition Indian National Congress . Widely referred to as the `` People 's President , '' he returned to his civilian life of education , writing and public service after a single term . He was a recipient of several prestigious awards , including the Bharat Ratna , India 's highest civilian honour . While delivering a lecture at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong , Kalam collapsed and died from an apparent cardiac arrest on 27 July 2015 , aged 83 . Thousands including national-level dignitaries attended the funeral ceremony held in his hometown of Rameshwaram , where he was buried with full state honours . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Catherine Keener appeared in Jumanji. | Catherine_Keener | Catherine Ann Keener -LRB- born March 23 , 1959 -RRB- is an American actress . She has been twice nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her roles as Maxine Lund in Being John Malkovich -LRB- 1999 -RRB- and Harper Lee in Capote -LRB- 2005 -RRB- . Keener also appeared in the films Into the Wild -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Synecdoche , New York -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , and Get Out -LRB- 2017 -RRB- , which were well received by critics . Keener is the muse of director Nicole Holofcener , having appeared in every work of hers to date . |
REFUTES | Ryan Seacrest was murdered before the start of American Idol (season 8). | American_Idol_-LRB-season_8-RRB- | The eighth season of American Idol premiered on January 13 , 2009 , and concluded on May 20 , 2009 . Judges Simon Cowell , Paula Abdul , and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show 's contestants , along with Ryan Seacrest as host . The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the Idol panel . It was also Abdul 's final season as a judge . Kris Allen , a native of Conway , Arkansas , was announced the winner of the competition on May 20 , 2009 , defeating runner-up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes . Kris Allen is the only married winner of the competition at the time of his victory . This was the second season where both of the final two contestants had been in the bottom three or two at least once before the finale , with the first being season three . The eighth season saw numerous changes to the format of the show . There were 36 semi-finalists instead of 24 , and thirteen finalists instead of twelve , nine contestants chosen by the public and four by the judges in a wild card round . Another addition was the `` save , '' which was used on the top seven results show to veto Matt Giraud 's elimination . Seven contestants from this season were signed to record deals . The signed artists are Kris Allen , who was then signed to 19 Entertainment/Jive Records . In addition to Allen , Adam Lambert , Danny Gokey , Allison Iraheta , Lil Rounds , Anoop Desai and Michael Sarver . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Night of the Living Dead was originally directed by George A. Romero and created the image of the modern zombie. | Night_of_the_Living_Dead_-LRB-1990_film-RRB- | Night of the Living Dead is a 1990 American horror film directed by Tom Savini and starring Tony Todd , Patricia Tallman and Tom Towles . It is a remake of George A. Romero 's 1968 horror film of the same name . Romero rewrote the original 1968 screenplay co-authored by John A. Russo . |
REFUTES | Dawood Ibrahim is originally from the capital city of the Indian state of Haryana. | Dawood_Ibrahim | Dawood Ibrahim -LRB- Marathi : दाऊद इब्राहीम कासकर , born Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar 26 December 1955 -RRB- , known as Dawood Bhai or simply Bhai is a gangster and terrorist originally from Dongri in Mumbai , India . The word `` Bhai '' means `` Big brother '' . In the lingo of the Mumbai underworld , the word `` Bhai '' is attributed to members of the underworld who hold considerable power . He heads the Indian organised crime syndicate D-Company founded in Mumbai . He is currently on the wanted list of Interpol for cheating , criminal conspiracy and running an organised crime syndicate . He was number three on the The World 's 10 Most Wanted . |
REFUTES | Dawood Ibrahim is originally from the capital city of the Indian state of Haryana. | Dongri | Dongri is a place in the Mira-Bhayandar city of Thane district situated just north of Gorai , Mumbai . The word ` Dungaree ' -LRB- worker 's overalls worn in Britain -RRB- has its origin from Dongri because these garments were made from cloth from this place . The history of Dongri dates to the 17th century , when the Portuguese ruled the area . The Church of Dongri , named as Our Lady of Bethlehem dates back to 1613 , an inscription on the main entrance of the Church tells us . |
REFUTES | Salt River Valley contains the Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority. | Salt_River_Valley | The Salt River Valley is an extensive valley on the Salt River in central Arizona , which contains the Phoenix Metropolitan Area . Although this geographic term still identifies the area , the name `` Valley of the Sun '' popularly replaced the usage starting in the early 1930s for purposes of boosterism . A common dust for testing air filter efficiency was derived from top soil dust from the Salt River Valley , referred to as Arizona Dust . The dust was found to include small abrasive particles . |
REFUTES | Yugoslavia is a member of the Group of 15. | Group_of_15 | The Group of 15 -LRB- G-15 -RRB- is an informal forum set up to foster cooperation and provide input for other international groups , such as the World Trade Organization and the Group of Eight . It was established at the Ninth Non-Aligned Movement Summit Meeting in Belgrade , Yugoslavia , in September 1989 , and is composed of countries from Latin America , Africa , and Asia with a common goal of enhanced growth and prosperity . The G-15 focuses on cooperation among developing countries in the areas of investment , trade , and technology . Membership has since expanded to 18 countries , but the name has remained unchanged . Chile , Iran and Kenya have since joined the Group of 15 , whereas Yugoslavia is no longer part of the group ; Peru , a founding member-state , decided to leave the G-15 in 2011 . |
REFUTES | Designated Survivor (TV series) is a movie. | Designated_Survivor_-LRB-TV_series-RRB- | Designated Survivor is an American political drama television series created by David Guggenheim , starring Kiefer Sutherland , airing on ABC . The project skipped the pilot stage and was ordered straight to series on December 14 , 2015 , followed by a formal announcement on May 6 , 2016 . The first episode premiered on September 21 , 2016 , with a full season order coming eight days later . The series was renewed for a second season on May 11 , 2017 . |
REFUTES | The Icelandic Coast Guard is barely known as Landhelgisgaeslan. | Icelandic_Coast_Guard | The Icelandic Coast Guard -LRB- , Landhelgisgæslan or simply Gæslan -RRB- is the service responsible for Iceland 's coastal defense and maritime and aeronautical search and rescue . Its origins can be traced to 1859 , when the corvette Ørnen started patrolling Icelandic waters . In 1906 , Iceland 's first purposely built guard-ship , Islands Falk , began operation . Iceland 's own defense of its territorial waters began around 1920 and the Icelandic Coast Guard was formally founded on July 1 , 1926 . The first cannon was put on the trawler Thor in 1924 and on June 23 , 1926 the first ship built for the Coast Guard , named Óðinn , arrived in Iceland . Three years later , on the 14 July 1929 the coastal defence ship Ægir was added to the Coast Guard fleet . The Icelandic Coast Guard played its largest role during the Cod Wars between 1972 and 1975 , when the Coast Guard ships would cut the trawl wires of British and West German trawlers and engaged in confrontations with Royal Navy warships , in order to enforce a disputed expansion on Icelandic fishing territory . The Coast Guard also maintains the Iceland Air Defence System which conducts ground surveillance of Iceland 's air space . |
REFUTES | Mars is in the Andromeda galaxy. | Mars | Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System , after Mercury . Named after the Roman god of war , it is often referred to as the `` Red Planet '' because the iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance . Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thin atmosphere , having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the valleys , deserts , and polar ice caps of Earth . The rotational period and seasonal cycles of Mars are likewise similar to those of Earth , as is the tilt that produces the seasons . Mars is the site of Olympus Mons , the largest volcano and second-highest known mountain in the Solar System , and of Valles Marineris , one of the largest canyons in the Solar System . The smooth Borealis basin in the northern hemisphere covers 40 % of the planet and may be a giant impact feature . Mars has two moons , Phobos and Deimos , which are small and irregularly shaped . These may be captured asteroids , similar to 5261 Eureka , a Mars trojan . There are ongoing investigations assessing the past habitability potential of Mars , as well as the possibility of extant life . Future astrobiology missions are planned , including the Mars 2020 and ExoMars rovers . Liquid water can not exist on the surface of Mars due to low atmospheric pressure , which is about that of the Earth 's , except at the lowest elevations for short periods . The two polar ice caps appear to be made largely of water . The volume of water ice in the south polar ice cap , if melted , would be sufficient to cover the entire planetary surface to a depth of 11 m . In November 2016 , NASA reported finding a large amount of underground ice in the Utopia Planitia region of Mars . The volume of water detected has been estimated to be equivalent to the volume of water in Lake Superior . Mars can easily be seen from Earth with the naked eye , as can its reddish coloring . Its apparent magnitude reaches − 2.91 , which is surpassed only by Jupiter , Venus , the Moon , and the Sun . Optical ground-based telescopes are typically limited to resolving features about 300 km across when Earth and Mars are closest because of Earth 's atmosphere . |
REFUTES | Mars is in the Andromeda galaxy. | Solar_System | The Solar SystemCapitalization of the name varies . The International Astronomical Union , the authoritative body regarding astronomical nomenclature , specifies capitalizing the names of all individual astronomical objects , but uses mixed `` Solar System '' and `` solar system '' in their naming guidelines document . The name is commonly rendered in lower case -LRB- `` solar system '' -RRB- , as , for example , in the Oxford English Dictionary and Merriam-Webster 's 11th Collegiate Dictionary . is the gravitationally bound system comprising the Sun and the objects that orbit it , either directly or indirectly.The natural satellites -LRB- moons -RRB- orbiting the Solar System 's planets are an example of the latter . Of those objects that orbit the Sun directly , the largest eight are the planets , Historically , several other bodies were once considered planets , including , from its discovery in 1930 until 2006 , Pluto . See Former planets . with the remainder being significantly smaller objects , such as dwarf planets and small Solar System bodies . Of the objects that orbit the Sun indirectly , the moons , two are larger than the smallest planet , Mercury.The two moons larger than Mercury are Ganymede , which orbits Jupiter , and Titan , which orbits Saturn . Although bigger than Mercury , both moons have less than half the mass of Mercury . The Solar System formed 4.6 billion years ago from the gravitational collapse of a giant interstellar molecular cloud . The vast majority of the system 's mass is in the Sun , with the majority of the remaining mass contained in Jupiter . The four smaller inner planets , Mercury , Venus , Earth and Mars , are terrestrial planets , being primarily composed of rock and metal . The four outer planets are giant planets , being substantially more massive than the terrestrials . The two largest , Jupiter and Saturn , are gas giants , being composed mainly of hydrogen and helium ; the two outermost planets , Uranus and Neptune , are ice giants , being composed mostly of substances with relatively high melting points compared with hydrogen and helium , called volatiles , such as water , ammonia and methane . All planets have almost circular orbits that lie within a nearly flat disc called the ecliptic . The Solar System also contains smaller objects . The asteroid belt , which lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter , mostly contains objects composed , like the terrestrial planets , of rock and metal . Beyond Neptune 's orbit lie the Kuiper belt and scattered disc , which are populations of trans-Neptunian objects composed mostly of ices , and beyond them a newly discovered population of sednoids . Within these populations are several dozen to possibly tens of thousands of objects large enough that they have been rounded by their own gravity . Such objects are categorized as dwarf planets . Identified dwarf planets include the asteroid Ceres and the trans-Neptunian objects Pluto and Eris . In addition to these two regions , various other small-body populations , including comets , centaurs and interplanetary dust clouds , freely travel between regions . Six of the planets , at least four of the dwarf planets , and many of the smaller bodies are orbited by natural satellites , See List of natural satellites of the Solar System for the full list of natural satellites of the eight planets and first five dwarf planets usually termed `` moons '' after the Moon . Each of the outer planets is encircled by planetary rings of dust and other small objects . The solar wind , a stream of charged particles flowing outwards from the Sun , creates a bubble-like region in the interstellar medium known as the heliosphere . The heliopause is the point at which pressure from the solar wind is equal to the opposing pressure of the interstellar medium ; it extends out to the edge of the scattered disc . The Oort cloud , which is thought to be the source for long-period comets , may also exist at a distance roughly a thousand times further than the heliosphere . The Solar System is located in the Orion Arm , 26,000 light-years from the center of the Milky Way . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | John DiMaggio did a voice-over role in a series created by Alex Hirsch. | Alan_Dary | Alan Dary is an American professional actor and voice over artist . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Pharmacology deals with the elucidation of cellular and organismal function in relation to chemicals. | Pharmacology | Pharmacology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of drug action , where a drug can be broadly defined as any man-made , natural , or endogenous -LRB- from within body -RRB- molecule which exerts a biochemical or physiological effect on the cell , tissue , organ , or organism -LRB- sometimes the word pharmacon is used as a term to encompass these endogenous and exogenous bioactive species -RRB- . More specifically , it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and chemicals that affect normal or abnormal biochemical function . If substances have medicinal properties , they are considered pharmaceuticals . The field encompasses drug composition and properties , synthesis and drug design , molecular and cellular mechanisms , organ/systems mechanisms , signal transduction/cellular communication , molecular diagnostics , interactions , toxicology , chemical biology , therapy , and medical applications and antipathogenic capabilities . The two main areas of pharmacology are pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics . Pharmacodynamics studies the effects of a drug on biological systems , and Pharmacokinetics studies the effects of biological systems on a drug . In broad terms , pharmacodynamics discusses the chemicals with biological receptors , and pharmacokinetics discusses the absorption , distribution , metabolism , and excretion -LRB- ADME -RRB- of chemicals from the biological systems . Pharmacology is not synonymous with pharmacy and the two terms are frequently confused . Pharmacology , a biomedical science , deals with the research , discovery , and characterization of chemicals which show biological effects and the elucidation of cellular and organismal function in relation to these chemicals . In contrast , pharmacy , a health services profession , is concerned with application of the principles learned from pharmacology in its clinical settings ; whether it be in a dispensing or clinical care role . In either field , the primary contrast between the two are their distinctions between direct-patient care , for pharmacy practice , and the science-oriented research field , driven by pharmacology . The origins of clinical pharmacology date back to the Middle Ages in Avicenna 's The Canon of Medicine , Peter of Spain 's Commentary on Isaac , and John of St Amand 's Commentary on the Antedotary of Nicholas . Clinical pharmacology owes much of its foundation to the work of William Withering . Pharmacology as a scientific discipline did not further advance until the mid-19th century amid the great biomedical resurgence of that period . Before the second half of the nineteenth century , the remarkable potency and specificity of the actions of drugs such as morphine , quinine and digitalis were explained vaguely and with reference to extraordinary chemical powers and affinities to certain organs or tissues . The first pharmacology department was set up by Rudolf Buchheim in 1847 , in recognition of the need to understand how therapeutic drugs and poisons produced their effects . Early pharmacologists focused on natural substances , mainly plant extracts . Pharmacology developed in the 19th century as a biomedical science that applied the principles of scientific experimentation to therapeutic contexts . Today pharmacologists use genetics , molecular biology , chemistry , and other advanced tools to transform information about molecular mechanisms and targets into therapies directed against disease , defects or pathogens , and create methods for preventative care , diagnostics , and ultimately personalized medicine . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Aldous Huxley published romance writing. | Aldous_Huxley | Aldous Leonard Huxley -LRB- -LSB- ˈɔːldəs_ˈhʌksli -RSB- 26 July 1894 -- 22 November 1963 -RRB- was an English writer , novelist , philosopher , and prominent member of the Huxley family . He graduated from Balliol College at the University of Oxford with a first-class honours in English literature . He was best known for his novels including Brave New World , set in a dystopian future ; for non-fiction books , such as The Doors of Perception , which recalls experiences when taking a psychedelic drug ; and a wide-ranging output of essays . Early in his career Huxley edited the magazine Oxford Poetry and published short stories and poetry . Mid career and later , he published travel writing , film stories , and scripts . He spent the later part of his life in the United States , living in Los Angeles from 1937 until his death . In 1962 , a year before his death , he was elected Companion of Literature by the Royal Society of Literature . Huxley was a humanist , pacifist , and satirist . He later became interested in spiritual subjects such as parapsychology and philosophical mysticism , in particular universalism . By the end of his life , Huxley was widely acknowledged as one of the pre-eminent intellectuals of his time . He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in seven different years . |
REFUTES | Elizabeth of York was married to King George. | Elizabeth_of_York | Elizabeth of York -LRB- 11 February 1466 -- 11 February 1503 -RRB- was queen consort of England from 1486 until her death . As the wife of Henry VII , she was the first Tudor queen . She was the daughter of Edward IV and niece of Richard III , and she married the king following Henry 's victory at the Battle of Bosworth which started the last phase of the Wars of the Roses . She was the mother of King Henry VIII . Therefore , she was the daughter , sister , niece , wife , mother and grandmother of successive Kings of England . The period of Henry VI 's readaption from October 1470 until April 1471 and the period between her father 's death in 1483 , when she was 17 , and the making of peace between her mother and her uncle Richard were violent and anxious interludes in what was mostly a peaceful life . Her two brothers disappeared , the `` Princes in the Tower '' , their fate unknown . She was welcomed back to court by her Uncle Richard III , along with all of her sisters . As a Yorkist princess , the final victory of the Lancastrian faction in the War of the Roses may have seemed a further disaster , but Henry Tudor knew the importance of Yorkist support for his invasion and promised to marry her before he arrived in England ; this was an important move , which , however , failed to bring him the desired Yorkist support . Her marriage seems to have been successful , though her eldest son Arthur , Prince of Wales , died at age 15 in 1502 , and three other children died young . She seems to have played little part in politics . Her surviving children became a King of England and queens of France and Scotland ; it is through the Scottish Stuart dynasty that her many modern royal descendants trace their descent from her . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Real estate listings for homes can be found on Google Search. | List_of_places_of_interest_in_Suffolk | This is a list of places of interest in the British county of Suffolk . See List of places in Suffolk for a list of settlements in Suffolk . |
REFUTES | The Hyksos' chief deity is completely unaffiliated with any god of the desert. | Hyksos | The Hyksos -LRB- -LSB- ˈhɪksɒs -RSB- or -LSB- ˈhɪksoʊz -RSB- Egyptian heqa khaseshet , `` ruler -LRB- s -RRB- of the foreign countries '' ; Ὑκσώς , Ὑξώς -RRB- were a people of mixed origins from Western Asia , who settled in the eastern Nile Delta , some time before 1650 BC . The arrival of the Hyksos led to the end of the Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt and initiated the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt . In the context of Ancient Egypt , the term `` Asiatic '' -- which is often used for the Hyksos -- may refer to any people native to areas east of Egypt . Immigration by Canaanite populations preceded the Hyksos . Canaanites first appeared in Egypt towards the end of the 12th Dynasty c. 1800 BC , and either around that time or c. 1720 BC , established an independent realm in the eastern Nile Delta . The Canaanite rulers of the Delta , regrouped in the Fourteenth Dynasty , coexisted with the Egyptian Thirteenth Dynasty , based in Itjtawy . The power of the 13th and 14th Dynasties progressively waned , perhaps due to famine and plague . In about 1650 BC , both dynasties were invaded by the Hyksos , who formed the Fifteenth Dynasty . The collapse of the Thirteenth Dynasty created a power vacuum in the south , which may have led to the rise of the Sixteenth Dynasty , based in Thebes , and possibly of a local Abydos Dynasty . The Hyksos eventually conquered both , albeit for only a short time in the case of Thebes . From then on , the 17th Dynasty took control of Thebes and reigned for some time in peaceful coexistence with the Hyksos kings , perhaps as their vassals . Eventually , Seqenenre Tao , Kamose and Ahmose waged war against the Hyksos and expelled Khamudi , their last king , from Egypt c. 1550 BC . The Hyksos practiced horse burials , and their chief deity , their native storm god , Baal , became associated with the Egyptian storm and desert god , Set . The Hyksos were a people of mixed Asiatic origin with mainly Semitic-speaking components . Although some scholars have suggested that the Hyksos contained a Hurrian component , most other scholars have dismissed this possibility . The Hurrians spoke an isolated language , but were under Indo-European rule and influence , and Hurrian etymologies have been suggested for some Hyksos names while Indo-European etymologies have been suggested for a very few names . If a Hurrian component did indeed exist among the Hyksos , an Indo-European component becomes difficult to explain , as Indo-European peoples only exercised a significant influence upon Hurrians in Syria after the Hyksos were well established in Egypt . The Hyksos brought several technical innovations to Egypt , as well as cultural infusions such as new musical instruments and foreign loanwords . The changes introduced include new techniques of bronze working and pottery , new breeds of animals , and new crops . In warfare , they introduced the horse and chariot , the composite bow , improved battle axes , and advanced fortification techniques . Because of these cultural advances , Hyksos rule became decisive for Egypt 's later empire in the Middle East . |
REFUTES | Jack Dylan Grazer is a Canadian child actor. | Jack_Dylan_Grazer | Jack Dylan Grazer -LRB- born September 3 , 2003 -RRB- is an American child actor and was born in Los Angeles , California to parents Angela Lafever and Gavin Grazer . His role as Eddie Kaspbrak in Stephen King 's feature film It marks Grazer 's first studio picture . |
SUPPORTS | Tangled was first shown in theaters in 2010. | Tangled | Tangled is a 2010 American 3D computer-animated musical fantasy-comedy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . Loosely based on the German fairy tale `` Rapunzel '' in the collection of folk tales published by the Brothers Grimm , it is the 50th Disney animated feature film . Featuring the voices of Mandy Moore and Zachary Levi , the film tells the story of a lost , young princess with long magical hair who yearns to leave her secluded tower . Against her mother 's wishes , she accepts the aid of a handsome intruder to take her out into the world which she has never seen . Before the film 's release , its title was changed from Rapunzel to Tangled , reportedly to market the film as gender-neutral . Tangled spent six years in production at a cost that has been estimated at $ 260 million , which if accurate , would make it the most expensive animated film ever made and the fifth most-expensive film of all time . The film employed a unique artistic style by blending together features of computer-generated imagery -LRB- CGI -RRB- and traditional animation while using non-photorealistic rendering to create the impression of a painting . Composer Alan Menken , who had worked on prior Disney animated features , returned to score Tangled . Tangled premiered at the El Capitan Theatre on November 14 , 2010 , and went into general release on November 24 . The film was well received by critics and audiences alike . The film earned $ 591 million in worldwide box office revenue , $ 200 million of which was earned in the United States and Canada . The film was nominated for a number of awards , including Best Original Song at the 83rd Academy Awards . The film was released on Blu-ray and DVD on March 29 , 2011 ; a short film , Tangled Ever After , was released later in 2012 and a television series premiered in 2017 . |
REFUTES | Cambridgeshire's local government is divided between two dogs. | Cambridgeshire | Cambridgeshire -LRB- -LSB- ˈkeɪmbrɪdʒʃər -RSB- or -LSB- - ʃɪər -RSB- abbreviated Cambs . -RRB- , is an East Anglian county in England , bordering Lincolnshire to the north , Norfolk to the north-east , Suffolk to the east , Essex and Hertfordshire to the south , and Bedfordshire and Northamptonshire to the west . The city of Cambridge is the county town . Modern Cambridgeshire was formed in 1974 as an amalgamation of the counties of Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely and Huntingdon and Peterborough , which had been created in 1965 from the historic counties of Cambridgeshire , Huntingdonshire , the Isle of Ely and the Soke of Peterborough . It contains most of the region known as Silicon Fen . Local government is divided between Cambridgeshire County Council and Peterborough City Council , which is a separate unitary authority . Under the county council , there are five district councils , Cambridge City Council , South Cambridgeshire District Council , East Cambridgeshire District Council , Huntingdonshire District Council and Fenland District Council . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Python allows for several programming axioms. | Python_-LRB-programming_language-RRB- | Python is a widely used high-level programming language for general-purpose programming , created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991 . An interpreted language , Python has a design philosophy which emphasizes code readability -LRB- notably using whitespace indentation to delimit code blocks rather than curly brackets or keywords -RRB- , and a syntax which allows programmers to express concepts in fewer lines of code than possible in languages such as C++ or Java . The language provides constructs intended to enable writing clear programs on both a small and large scale . Python features a dynamic type system and automatic memory management and supports multiple programming paradigms , including object-oriented , imperative , functional programming , and procedural styles . It has a large and comprehensive standard library . Python interpreters are available for many operating systems , allowing Python code to run on a wide variety of systems . CPython , the reference implementation of Python , is open source software and has a community-based development model , as do nearly all of its variant implementations . CPython is managed by the non-profit Python Software Foundation . |
SUPPORTS | Little Dorrit was published in the 19th century. | Little_Dorrit | Little Dorrit is a novel by Charles Dickens , originally published in serial form between 1855 and 1857 . It satirises the shortcomings of both government and society , including the institution of debtors ' prisons , where debtors were imprisoned , unable to work , until they repaid their debts . The prison in this case is the Marshalsea , where Dickens 's own father had been imprisoned . Dickens is also critical of the lack of a social safety net , the treatment and safety of industrial workers , as well the bureaucracy of the British Treasury , in the form of his fictional `` Circumlocution Office '' . In addition he satirises the stratification of society that results from the British class system . |
REFUTES | Kenny Chesney died in the womb. | Kenny_Chesney | Kenneth Arnold `` Kenny '' Chesney -LRB- born March 26 , 1968 -RRB- is an American country music singer , songwriter and record producer . He has recorded 20 albums , 14 of which have been certified Gold or higher by the RIAA . He has also produced more than 40 top 10 singles on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs and Country Airplay charts , 29 of which have reached number one on the charts . Most of these have also charted high within the top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100 chart , making him one of the few successful crossover country artists . He has sold over 30 million albums worldwide . Chesney co-directed and produced a film for ESPN entitled The Boys of Fall . He has received six Academy of Country Music awards -LRB- including four consecutive Entertainer of the Year awards from 2005 to 2008 -RRB- , as well as six awards from the Country Music Association . He is one of the most popular touring acts in country music , regularly selling out the venues in which he performs . His 2007 Flip-Flop Summer Tour was the highest-grossing country road trip of the year . The Country Music Association honored Chesney with the Entertainer of the Year award in 2004 , 2006 , 2007 , and 2008 . Other notable awards he received include the Academy of Country Music 's 1997 New Male Vocalist of the Year , 2002 Top Male Vocalist of the Year , and the Triple Crown Award in 2005 . He was awarded his fourth consecutive Entertainer of the Year award from the Academy of Country Music on May 18 , 2008 . |
REFUTES | There are people in the Republic of Macedonia. | Romani_people_in_the_Republic_of_Macedonia | According to the last census from 2002 , there were 53 879 people counted as Romani in the Republic of Macedonia '' ' , or 2.66 % of the population . Another 3 843 people have been counted as `` Egyptians '' -LRB- 0.2 % -RRB- . Altogether , 2.85 % Romani and Egyptians have been registered in Macedonia . Other sources claim the number to be between 80 000 and 260 000 Roma in Macedonia or approximately 4 to 12 % of the total population . The municipality of Šuto Orizari is the only municipality in the world with a Romani majority and the only municipality where Romani is an official language . Due to the demographics , both Romani and Macedonian are official in Šuto Orizari , the municipality being officially bilingual . The mayor of the municipality , Elvis Bajram , is an ethnic Roma . In 2009 , the Government of the Republic of Macedonia took measures to enlarge inclusion of Romani in the education process . The Republic of Macedonia is the region 's leader in respecting the rights of the Romani people . It is the first country in the region with a minister of Romani ethnicity and also has a lot of Romani in high government positions . However , there is still a lot to be done concerning the education and integration of the Romani . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | South Island has a 32 percent larger landmass than Barcelona. | South_Island | The South Island or Te Waipounamu -LRB- Māori -RRB- is the larger of the two major islands of New Zealand , the other being the smaller but more populous North Island . It is bordered to the north by Cook Strait , to the west by the Tasman Sea , and to the south and east by the Pacific Ocean . The South Island covers 150437 km2 and has a temperate climate . It has a 32 percent larger landmass than the North Island so is sometimes referred to as the `` mainland '' of New Zealand , especially by South Island residents , but only 23 percent of New Zealand 's million inhabitants live there . In the early stages of European -LRB- Pākehā -RRB- settlement of the country , the South Island had the majority of the European population and wealth due to the 1860s gold rushes . The North Island population overtook the South in the early 20th century , with 56 percent of the population living in the North in 1911 , and the drift north of people and businesses continued throughout the century . In prose , the two main islands of New Zealand are called the North Island and the South Island , with the definite article . |
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