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nikchar

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retrieval_verification_roberta

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[ "Vera_Wang", "Edith_Hillinger", "Women_Management", "Vera_Biryukova", "Anna_Kaplan" ]

[ "Vera Ellen Wang -LRB- , -LSB- u̯ɑ̌ŋ u̯éɪ̯u̯éɪ̯ -RSB- ; born June 27 , 1949 -RRB- is an American fashion designer based in New York City . ", "Edith Hillinger -LRB- 1933 -RRB- is a California artist who primarily creates watercolor paintings and mixed media collages . She was born in 1933 in Berlin , Germany . In 1937 , her family fled to Turkey , where they lived in Istanbul and Ankara . In 1948 , the family moved to New York , New York , where Hillinger eventually began her formal art education at Cooper Union . She now lives and works in Berkeley , California . She is the daughter of architect Franz Hillinger . ", "Women Management is a modeling agency based in New York . Founded by Paul Rowland in 1988 , Women also has a sister agency , Supreme Management , which is also part of the Women International Agency Chain . Now there are also offices in Paris and Milan . The New York and Milan offices also have a Women Direct branch , which represents commercial models and celebrities , such as Daniela Pestova and Dylan Guirao . The modeling agency has been called the best agency in New York City by models.com , with 25 models of Women 's board appearing on the site 's top model ranking lists . ", "Vera Leonidovna Biryukova -LRB- Вера Леонидовна Бирюкова born 11 April 1998 in Omsk , Omsk Oblast , Russia -RRB- is a Russian group rhythmic gymnast . She was member of the 2016 Olympics Group all-around champion . ", "Anna Kaplan -LRB- née Anna Monahemi -RRB- is an American politician from Great Neck , New York . Kaplan , an Iranian-American , was born in Tabriz , Iran . She fled Iran as a child refugee as a result of the Iranian Revolution . Kaplan is the first Iranian-American elected to municipal office in New York State . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "James_Spader", "The_Hot_Rock_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Crash_-LRB-1996_film-RRB-", "Jordi_Caballero", "The_Box_-LRB-2003_film-RRB-" ]

[ "James Todd Spader -LRB- born February 7 , 1960 -RRB- is an American actor . He is best known for portraying eccentric characters in films such as the drama Sex , Lies , and Videotape -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , the action science fiction film Stargate -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , the controversial psychological thriller Crash -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , the erotic romance Secretary -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , and the blockbuster superhero film Avengers : Age of Ultron -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . His best-known television roles are those of attorney Alan Shore in The Practice and its spin-off Boston Legal -LRB- for which he won three Emmy Awards -RRB- , and Robert California in the comedy-mockumentary The Office . He currently stars as high-profile criminal-turned-FBI-informant Raymond `` Red '' Reddington in the NBC crime drama The Blacklist , for which he has earned two Golden Globe Award nominations . ", "The Hot Rock is a 1972 American comedy crime caper film directed by Peter Yates from a screenplay by William Goldman , based on Donald E. Westlake 's novel of the same name , which introduced his long-running John Dortmunder character . The film stars Robert Redford , George Segal , Ron Leibman , Paul Sand , Moses Gunn and Zero Mostel . ", "Crash is a 1996 British-Canadian psychological thriller film written and directed by David Cronenberg based on J. G. Ballard 's 1973 novel of the same name . It tells the story of a group of people who take sexual pleasure from car crashes , a notable form of paraphilia . The film stars James Spader , Deborah Kara Unger , Elias Koteas , Holly Hunter , and Rosanna Arquette . The film generated considerable controversy upon its release and opened to mixed and highly divergent reactions from critics . While some praised the film for its daring premise and originality , others criticized its combination of graphic sexuality and violence . It premiered at the Cannes Film Festival , where it won the Special Jury Prize , considered the third-most prestigious prize of the festival . It won six Genie Awards from the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television , including awards for Cronenberg as director and screenwriter ; the film was also nominated in two further categories , including producer . ", "Jordi Caballero -LRB- born February 5 , 1965 -RRB- is a Catalan actor , dancer , choreographer and producer for stage , film , and television . Caballero received a Best Supporting Actor nomination at the 2003 Method Fest Independent Film Festival for his role as Captain Madrid in the film I Witness co-starring James Spader and Jeff Daniels . He has also been a two-time American Choreography Award nominee . As an actor , Caballero is known for portraying characters of Spanish , Italian and Euro-Mediterranean descent . ", "The Box is a 2003 American film noir starring James Russo , Theresa Russell , Brad Dourif , Steve Railsback , Jon Polito , Michael Rooker , John Snyder and directed by Richard Pepin . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "SummerSlam", "Bedlam_-LRB-2011_TV_series-RRB-", "SummerSlam_-LRB-2015-RRB-", "Visions_Before_Midnight", "Noise_-LRB-programming_block-RRB-" ]

[ "SummerSlam is a professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event , produced annually in August by professional wrestling promotion WWE . Dubbed as `` The Biggest Party of the Summer '' , it is one of the original `` Big Four '' pay-per-view events of WWE -LRB- along with WrestleMania , Royal Rumble and Survivor Series -RRB- . The inaugural SummerSlam took place on August 29 , 1988 at Madison Square Garden in New York City and was broadcast via pay-per-view . SummerSlam has been touted by WWE as their second biggest event of the year after WrestleMania . From 2009 to 2014 , SummerSlam remained exclusive to Staples Center in Los Angeles . Since 2015 , the event has took place at the Barclays Center in the New York City borough of Brooklyn . ", "Bedlam is a British supernatural drama television series created by David Allison , Neil Jones , and Chris Parker . It was first broadcast on 7 February 2011 on Sky Living and Sky Living HD . The series finale was broadcast on 15 March 2011 . In December 2011 , it was announced that a second series had been commissioned for broadcasting in Spring 2012 with an updated cast . Series 2 was broadcast from June 2012 with Lacey Turner taking the lead as a suspended paramedic who can see dead people . On 13 November 2012 Jack Roth , who plays Max in the series , revealed that Bedlam may return for Series 3 and that a decision on the show 's future is to be made around Christmas 2012 . On 11 March 2013 Roth announced on Twitter that Bedlam would not be returning for a third series . ", "SummerSlam -LRB- 2015 -RRB- was a professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event produced by WWE . It took place on August 23 , 2015 , at Barclays Center in Brooklyn , New York . The twenty-eighth event under the SummerSlam chronology , this was the first since 2008 to be held outside of Los Angeles as Staples Center was the exclusive home for SummerSlam from 2009 to 2014 , and the eighth SummerSlam to be held in the New York metropolitan area . The Izod Center was originally supposed to host SummerSlam , but due to its closure in April 2015 , the event was moved to Barclays Center . The event was the first in the SummerSlam chronology to be four hours in length , a length previously reserved only for WrestleMania . The event was the second night of what was billed as a `` triple-header '' at Barclays Center , with NXT TakeOver : Brooklyn having taken place the previous night , and Raw the following night . Ten matches were contested at the event , with no pre-show . In the main event , The Undertaker defeated Brock Lesnar in controversial fashion ; Lesnar put Undertaker in his Kimura lock and the timekeeper rang the bell after seeing the Undertaker supposedly indicating submission , but since the referee had n't seen a submission and never stopped the match , the match continued . The confusion allowed Undertaker to surprise Lesnar with a low blow before trapping him in the Hell 's Gate submission hold , during which Lesnar passed out to give Undertaker the win . ", "Visions Before Midnight is a selection of the television criticism written by Clive James during his first four years -LRB- 1972 -- 1976 -RRB- as The Observer '' 's weekly television critic . The selection begins with a piece on the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich , and ends with a piece on the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal . It was first published in 1977 . The title derives from Sir Thomas Browne : Dreams out of the ivory gate , and visions before midnight.Before being contracted by Observer editor David Astor , James had previously written one piece per month on television for The Listener and its editor , Karl Miller , had been an important influence on James . He had allowed him to , `` write a column which eschewed solemnity so thoroughly that it courted the frivolous . Like Lichtenberg Karl Miller appreciated the kind of joke that unveils a problem : if your gags had a serious reason for being there , they stayed in . '' James explains in the preface : `` Television was a natural part of my life . I loved watching it and I loved being on it . The second passion has since somewhat faded , but the first remains strong , and was very powerful at the time . I watched just about everything , including the junk . The screen teemed with unsummable activity . It was full of visions , legends , myths , fables . T.V was scarcely something you could feel superior to . It was too various . What I had to offer was negative capability , a capability for submission to the medium . I was the first to submit myself to Alastair Burnet and find him fascinating . No critic before me had ever regarded David Vine as a reason for switching the set on '' . '' In the preface James says that the idea of publishing a selection of his television criticism had been in his mind since speaking with Kenneth Tynan at a reception at the Garrick Club . Tynan had said he hoped James would publish some of his criticism but averred that , `` A television critic would have to know everything , and who knows everything ? '' James had been lost for an answer at the time but in the Preface replies , `` It is n't necessary to know everything -- just to remember that nobody else does either . '' ", "was a Fuji TV late night anime programming block , broadcast each Wednesday night from 26:08 to 26:38 . It is Fuji TV 's second late night anime-themed time block , after noitaminA , which airs every Thursday night . It first began on October 15 , 2008 , with Michiko to Hatchin . After broadcasting three anime series , the block was cancelled on favor of extending noitaminA which started airing two productions at once instead of only one . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Konidela_Production_Company", "Ram_Charan", "Madrigal_-LRB-album-RRB-", "Genta_Buana_Paramita", "Kadiri_Venkata_Reddy" ]

[ "Konidela Production Company is an Indian film production company established by actor Ram Charan , son of Chiranjeevi . ", "Ram Charan is an Indian film actor , dancer , producer , businessman and entrepreneur , who works in Telugu cinema . He won two Nandi Awards , two South Filfare awards , two CineMAA Awards , and two Santosham Best Actor Awards . Charan is one of the highest paid actors in Tollywood . In 2016 , he established his production house called Konidela Production Company . ", "is the eighth studio album by Chara , which was released on July 18 , 2001 . It debuted at # 8 on the Japanese Oricon album charts , and charted in the top 300 for 8 weeks . The first and most successful single from Madrigal was . While Chara wrote the song entirely herself , the arrangement was split between six people : Chara , rock musician Yasuyuki Okamura , Shinichi Igarashi -LRB- who formerly collaborated on Duca with Chara , two members of the band Great3 -LRB- Kiyoshi Takakuwa , Ken ` ichi Shirane -RRB- and the guitarist for Kiyoshi Takakuwa 's solo project , Curly Giraffe , Yukio Nagoshi . It reached # 32 , and sold over 25,000 copies . Skirt was released a few weeks before the album 's release , and was used in a Pocari Sweat commercial . It was a collaboration between Chara and former Smashing Pumpkins guitarist James Iha . Iha also worked with Chara on an album track , Boku ni Utsushite , which was later released as a recut single in October . The album track was used as the second ending theme for PaRappa the Rapper . Artist Ed Tsuwaki created the cover and booklet for Madrigal , along with the singles Skirt and Boku ni Utsushite . ", "Genta Buana Paramita is an Indonesian Film & TV Series production company . Indonesia community were known Genta Buana as colossal TV series production house . ", "Kadiri Venkata Reddy or K. V. Reddy -LRB- 1 July 1912 -- 15 September 1972 -RRB- was a prominent Indian film director , writer , producer and production manager in Telugu cinema , known for his pioneering work in folklore , social and fantasy films . His film Donga Ramudu -LRB- 1955 -RRB- was archived in the curriculum of the Film and Television Institute of India . Patala Bhairavi got critical acclaim at India International Film Festival in 1952 . He has garnered three National Film Awards . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Dodo", "Yellow_dog", "Colotis_protomedia", "Warionia", "Yellow-tinted_honeyeater" ]

[ "The dodo -LRB- Raphus cucullatus -RRB- is an extinct flightless bird that was endemic to the island of Mauritius , east of Madagascar in the Indian Ocean . The dodo 's closest genetic relative was the also extinct Rodrigues solitaire , the two forming the subfamily Raphinae of the family of pigeons and doves . The closest living relative of the dodo is the Nicobar pigeon . A white dodo was once thought to have existed on the nearby island of Réunion , but this is now thought to have been confusion based on the Réunion ibis and paintings of white dodos . Subfossil remains show the dodo was about 1 m tall and may have weighed 10.6 - . The dodo 's appearance in life is evidenced only by drawings , paintings , and written accounts from the 17th century . Because these vary considerably , and because only some illustrations are known to have been drawn from live specimens , its exact appearance in life remains unresolved , and little is known about its behaviour . Though the dodo has historically been considered fat and clumsy , it is now thought to have been well-adapted for its ecosystem . It has been depicted with brownish-grey plumage , yellow feet , a tuft of tail feathers , a grey , naked head , and a black , yellow , and green beak . It used gizzard stones to help digest its food , which is thought to have included fruits , and its main habitat is believed to have been the woods in the drier coastal areas of Mauritius . One account states its clutch consisted of a single egg . It is presumed that the dodo became flightless because of the ready availability of abundant food sources and a relative absence of predators on Mauritius . The first recorded mention of the dodo was by Dutch sailors in 1598 . In the following years , the bird was hunted by sailors and invasive species , while its habitat was being destroyed . The last widely accepted sighting of a dodo was in 1662 . Its extinction was not immediately noticed , and some considered it to be a mythical creature . In the 19th century , research was conducted on a small quantity of remains of four specimens that had been brought to Europe in the early 17th century . Among these is a dried head , the only soft tissue of the dodo that remains today . Since then , a large amount of subfossil material has been collected on Mauritius , mostly from the Mare aux Songes swamp . The extinction of the dodo within less than a century of its discovery called attention to the previously unrecognised problem of human involvement in the disappearance of entire species . The dodo achieved widespread recognition from its role in the story of Alice 's Adventures in Wonderland , and it has since become a fixture in popular culture , often as a symbol of extinction and obsolescence . ", "Yellow dog may refer to : ", "Colotis protomedia , the yellow splendour tip , is a butterfly in the Pieridae family . It is found in north-eastern Nigeria , northern Cameroon , Chad , southern Sudan , northern Uganda , Ethiopia , Somalia , south-western Saudi Arabia , Yemen , Kenya , Tanzania and the Democratic Republic of the Congo . The habitat consists of dry savannah . Adults have a fast flight . They are attracted to flowers , especially those of Maerua species . The larvae feed on Maerua species . ", "Warionia is a genus in the dandelion tribe within the daisy family . The only known species is Warionia saharae , an endemic of Algeria and Morocco , and it is locally known in the Berber language as afessas , abessas or tazart n-îfiss . It is an aromatic , thistle-like shrub of 1/2 -- 2 m high , that contains a white latex , and has fleshy , pinnately divided , wavy leaves . It is not thorny or prickly . The aggregate flower heads contain yellow disk florets . It flowers from April till June . Because Warionia is deviant in many respects from any other Asteraceae , different scholars have placed it hesitantly in the Cardueae , Gundelieae , Mutisieae , but now genetic analysis positions it as the sister group to all other Cichorieae . ", "The yellow-tinted honeyeater -LRB- Ptilotula flavescens -RRB- is a species of bird in the family Meliphagidae . It is found in Australia and Papua New Guinea . Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical mangrove forests . The yellow-tinted honeyeater was previously included in the genus Lichenostomus but was moved to Ptilotula after a molecular phylogenetic analysis published in 2011 showed that the original genus was polyphyletic . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Dione_-LRB-Titaness-RRB-", "Aphrodite", "Anchises", "Lysidice_-LRB-mythology-RRB-", "Hemera" ]

[ "Dione -LRB- -LSB- daɪˈoʊni -RSB- Διώνη , Diōnē -RRB- was an ancient Greek goddess , an oracular Titaness primarily known from Book V of Homer 's Iliad , where she tends to the wounds suffered by her daughter Aphrodite . One source describes her as an ancient wife of Zeus . ", "Aphrodite -LRB- -LSB- æfrəˈdaɪti -RSB- ; Greek : Αφροδίτη -LRB- Afrodíti -RRB- -RRB- is the Greek goddess of love , beauty , pleasure , and procreation . She is identified with the planet Venus ; her Roman equivalent is the goddess -LSB- Venus -LRB- mythology -RRB- , Venus -RSB- . Myrtle , roses , doves , sparrows and swans were sacred to her . In Hesiod 's Theogony , Aphrodite was created from the sea foam -LRB- aphros -RRB- produced by Uranus 's genitals , which had been severed by Cronus . In Homer 's Iliad , however , she is the daughter of Zeus and Dione . In Plato -LRB- Symposium , 180e -RRB- , these two origins are said to be of hitherto separate entities : Aphrodite Ourania -LRB- a transcendent , `` Heavenly '' Aphrodite -RRB- and Aphrodite Pandemos -LRB- Aphrodite common to `` all the people '' -RRB- . She had many other names , each emphasising a different aspect of the same goddess , or used by a different local cult . Thus she was also known as Cytherea -LRB- Lady of Cythera -RRB- and Cypris -LRB- Lady of Cyprus -RRB- , both of which claimed to be her place of birth . In Greek myth , the other gods feared that Aphrodite 's beauty might lead to conflict and war , through rivalry for her favours ; so Zeus married her off to Hephaestus . Despite this , Aphrodite followed her own inclinations , and had many lovers -- both gods , such as Ares , and men , such as Anchises . She played a role in the Eros and Psyche legend , and was both lover and surrogate mother of Adonis . Many lesser beings were said to be children of Aphrodite . ", "In Greek mythology , Anchises -LRB- -LSB- ænˈkaɪsiːz -RSB- or -LSB- æŋˈkaɪsiːz -RSB- ; , -LSB- aŋkʰi͜ísɛ͜ɛs -RSB- -RRB- was the son of Capys and Themiste -LRB- daughter of Ilus , who was son of Tros -RRB- . He was the father of Aeneas and a member of the royal family of Troy . His major claim to fame in Greek mythology is that he was a mortal lover of the goddess Aphrodite -LRB- and in Roman mythology , the lover of Venus -RRB- . One version is that Aphrodite pretended to be a Phrygian princess and seduced him . She later revealed herself and informed him that they would have a son named Aeneas . Aphrodite had warned him that if he boasted of the affair , he would be blasted by the thunderbolt of Zeus . He did not heed her warning and was struck with a thunderbolt , which in different versions either blinds him or kills him . The principal early narrative of Aphrodite 's seduction of Anchises and the birth of Aeneas is the Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite . According to the Bibliotheca , Anchises and Aphrodite had another son , Lyrus , who died childless . He later had a mortal wife named Eriopis , according to the scholiasts , and he is credited with other children beside Aeneas and Lyrus . Homer , in the Iliad , mentions a daughter named Hippodameia , their eldest -LRB- `` the darling of her father and mother '' -RRB- , who married her cousin Alcathous . After the defeat of Troy in the Trojan War , the elderly Anchises was carried from the burning city by his son Aeneas , accompanied by Aeneas ' wife Creusa , who died in the escape attempt , and small son Ascanius . The subject is depicted in several paintings , including a famous version by Federico Barocci in the Galleria Borghese in Rome . The rescue is also mentioned in a speech in Shakespeare 's Julius Caesar when Cassius attempts to persuade Brutus to murder Caesar . Anchises himself died and was buried in Sicily many years later . Aeneas later visited Hades and saw his father again in the Elysian Fields . Homer 's Iliad mentions another Anchises , a wealthy native of Sicyon in Greece and father of Echepolus . ", "Lysidice is the name of several women in Greek mythology . Lysidice , daughter of Thespius and Megamede , mother of a son Teles by Heracles . Lysidice , daughter of Pelops and Hippodamia . She married Mestor and became the mother of Hippothoe . She was also sometimes said to be the mother of Alcmene , by Electryon . Lysidice , daughter of Coronus , mother of Philaeus by Ajax the Great . Lysidice of Athens , one of the would-be sacrificial victims of Minotaur . ", "In Greek mythology Hemera -LRB- -LSB- ˈhɛmərə -RSB- Ἡμέρα -LSB- hɛːméra -RSB- `` day '' -RRB- was the personification of day and one of the Greek primordial deities . She is the goddess of the daytime and , according to Hesiod , the daughter of Erebus and Nyx -LRB- the goddess of night -RRB- . Hemera is remarked upon in Cicero 's De Natura Deorum , where it is logically determined that Dies -LRB- Hemera -RRB- must be a god , if Uranus is a god . The poet Bacchylides states that Nyx and Chronos are the parents , but Hyginus in his preface to the Fabulae mentions Chaos as the mother/father and Nyx as her sister . She was the female counterpart of her brother and consort , Aether -LRB- Light -RRB- , but neither of them figured actively in myth or cult . Hyginus lists their children as Uranus , Gaia , and Thalassa -LRB- the primordial sea goddess -RRB- , while Hesiod only lists Thalassa as their child . According to Hesiod 's Theogony , Hemera left Tartarus just as Nyx entered it ; when Hemera returned , Nyx left : `` Nyx and Hemera draw near and greet one another as they pass the great threshold of bronze : and while the one is about to go down into the house , the other comes out at the door . '' Pausanias seems to confuse her with Eos when saying that she carried Cephalus away . Pausanias makes this identification with Eos upon looking at the tiling of the royal portico in Athens , where the myth of Eos and Kephalos is illustrated . He makes this identification again at Amyklai and at Olympia , upon looking at statues and illustrations where Eos -LRB- Hemera -RRB- is present . " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Agent_Raghav_–_Crime_Branch", "Crime_Intelligence_Division", "National_Criminal_Intelligence_Service", "Dawood_Ibrahim", "Lost_Reputation" ]

[ "Agent Raghav -- Crime Branch is an Indian crime fiction anthology television series , which premiered on & TV from 5 September 2015 to 10 April 2016 for one hour at Saturday and Sunday nights . The series was produced by Contiloe Entertainment of Abhimanyu Singh and starred Sharad Kelkar in the eponymous role of Agent Raghav Sinha , along with Aahana Kumra , Deepali Pansare , Danish Pandor , Jason Tham and Mahesh Manjrekar , the latter appeared in a recurring role . The serial received Indian Telly Awards in the category of Best Thriller and Horror Show and was also nominated for Best Weekend Show . The show is said to be inspired from the American police drama/mystery television series , '' The Mentalist . ", "The Crime Intelligence Division of the South African Police Service is an intelligence agency that tracks criminal elements within the Republic of South Africa . It is run by a Divisional Commissioner , who is also a member of the National Intelligence Co-Ordinating Committee -LRB- NICOC -RRB- , to which they report . The main functions of the CI division are : Operational Support . Crime Information Analysis Centre . Crime Information Management Centre . Counter Intelligence . Covert Intelligence . Crime Intelligence Collection . Category : South African intelligence agencies Category : Law enforcement in South Africa Category : Criminal records ", "The National Criminal Intelligence Service -LRB- NCIS -RRB- was a United Kingdom policing agency . Following the Police and Criminal Justice Act 2001 , NCIS returned to direct funding by the Home Office in 2002 and was a non-departmental public body . On 1 April 2006 it was merged into the newly created Serious Organised Crime Agency . The unit was established in April 1992 previously known as the National Drugs Intelligence Unit . Organised according to the Police Act 1997 , the functions of NCIS were to gather intelligence data and analysed this information to provide the necessary insight and intelligence to national police forces . The act also empowered the service with rights to perform surveillance operations . Organisation of the service included units specialising in organised crimes and crimes involving illicit drugs , football and financial issues . A specialised unit was focused especially on kidnap and extortion , counterfeit money , the stealing of automobiles and paedophilic crimes . At the time of the creation of the service , there was a paedophile unit integral to the organisation of the service . The service consisted of 500 officers . The service was designed specifically to act against crime classified as both organised in performance and of a serious nature . Relevant groups were to include necessarily : at least three people engaging in ongoing criminal activity for prolonged periods , something like a `` career criminal '' are motivated in acting to gain in power and for the accumulation of profit . The service received # 138 million in funding during 1999 . The unit was disbanded during 2006 and replaced by SOCA . The Director General was responsible with other officers for terrorist responses . ", "Dawood Ibrahim -LRB- Marathi : दाऊद इब्राहीम कासकर , born Dawood Ibrahim Kaskar 26 December 1955 -RRB- , known as Dawood Bhai or simply Bhai is a gangster and terrorist originally from Dongri in Mumbai , India . The word `` Bhai '' means `` Big brother '' . In the lingo of the Mumbai underworld , the word `` Bhai '' is attributed to members of the underworld who hold considerable power . He heads the Indian organised crime syndicate D-Company founded in Mumbai . He is currently on the wanted list of Interpol for cheating , criminal conspiracy and running an organised crime syndicate . He was number three on the The World 's 10 Most Wanted . ", "`` Lost Reputation '' is the fourteenth season premiere of the police procedural television series Law & Order : Special Victims Unit and the 296th overall episode . It originally aired on the NBC on September 26 , 2012 . In the episode , the Special Victims Unit detectives try to stop a growing scandal when Captain Cragen -LRB- Dann Florek -RRB- is arrested for the murder of an escort , Carissa Gibson -LRB- Pippa Black -RRB- . Meanwhile , Detective Nick Amaro -LRB- Danny Pino -RRB- has to juggle trying to solve the case against Cragen without losing his family in the process . The episode was written by show runner/executive producer Warren Leight and Julie Martin and was directed by Michael Slovis . The episode picks up where the thirteenth season ended with `` Rhodium Nights '' , Cragen waking up next to a dead escort and the fallout from that , majority of the guest stars from `` Rhodium Nights '' appearing in `` Lost Reputation '' . `` Lost Reputation '' earned generally positive reviews , critics praising the continuation of the storyline , with Paget Brewster 's and Adam Baldwin 's guest appearances , as well as praising stars Mariska Hargitay and Danny Pino . According to the Nielsen ratings , the episode 's original broadcast with `` Above Suspicion '' following was watched by an average of 7.19 million total viewers and received a 2.1 / 6 % share in the 18 -- 49 age demographic , up slightly from the season thirteen finale . " ]

[ 2, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Rob_McElhenney", "Julian_Rhind-Tutt", "Neil_McDermott", "Kourtney_Brown", "Rob_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-" ]

[ "Robert Dale `` Rob '' McElhenney -LRB- born April 14 , 1977 -RRB- is an American actor , director , producer , and screenwriter . He is best known for playing Mac on the FX/FXX comedy series It 's Always Sunny in Philadelphia . He is also one of the developers , executive producers , and the creator of the show , which has provided him with writing and directing credits on various episodes . ", "Julian Alistair Rhind-Tutt -LRB- born 20 July 1968 -RRB- is an English actor . He is best known for his starring role as Dr `` Mac '' Macartney in the comedy television series Green Wing , the second series of which finished on Channel 4 in May 2006 . He has also appeared in various other television shows and films . ", "Neil McDermott -LRB- born 15 December 1980 -RRB- is a British stage and television actor , who is best known for portraying Ryan Malloy in the BBC television soap opera EastEnders . ", "Kourtney Eugene Brown -LRB- born February 9 , 1984 -RRB- is a Bahamian-American actor , television host , model and visual artist . He is best known for starring in Twentieth Century Fox 's My Network TV game show , My Games Fever . ", "Rob -LRB- stylized in promos as ¡ Rob ! -RRB- is an American sitcom television series that premiered on CBS on January 12 , 2012 , at as a mid-season replacement for Rules of Engagement , and ended on March 1 , 2012 . The series stars Rob Schneider alongside Cheech Marin , Claudia Bassols , Diana Maria Riva , Eugenio Derbez , Ricky Rico , and Lupe Ontiveros . The show was produced by Two and a Half Mens The Tannenbaum Company and CBS Television Studios . On May 13 , 2012 , CBS canceled the series . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Rob_McElhenney", "Julian_Rhind-Tutt", "Neil_McDermott", "Kourtney_Brown", "Rob_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-" ]

[ "Robert Dale `` Rob '' McElhenney -LRB- born April 14 , 1977 -RRB- is an American actor , director , producer , and screenwriter . He is best known for playing Mac on the FX/FXX comedy series It 's Always Sunny in Philadelphia . He is also one of the developers , executive producers , and the creator of the show , which has provided him with writing and directing credits on various episodes . ", "Julian Alistair Rhind-Tutt -LRB- born 20 July 1968 -RRB- is an English actor . He is best known for his starring role as Dr `` Mac '' Macartney in the comedy television series Green Wing , the second series of which finished on Channel 4 in May 2006 . He has also appeared in various other television shows and films . ", "Neil McDermott -LRB- born 15 December 1980 -RRB- is a British stage and television actor , who is best known for portraying Ryan Malloy in the BBC television soap opera EastEnders . ", "Kourtney Eugene Brown -LRB- born February 9 , 1984 -RRB- is a Bahamian-American actor , television host , model and visual artist . He is best known for starring in Twentieth Century Fox 's My Network TV game show , My Games Fever . ", "Rob -LRB- stylized in promos as ¡ Rob ! -RRB- is an American sitcom television series that premiered on CBS on January 12 , 2012 , at as a mid-season replacement for Rules of Engagement , and ended on March 1 , 2012 . The series stars Rob Schneider alongside Cheech Marin , Claudia Bassols , Diana Maria Riva , Eugenio Derbez , Ricky Rico , and Lupe Ontiveros . The show was produced by Two and a Half Mens The Tannenbaum Company and CBS Television Studios . On May 13 , 2012 , CBS canceled the series . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Sierra_Morena", "Trasmiera", "Las_Derrumbadas", "Tatiana_Rodríguez", "Guadiana_-LRB-disambiguation-RRB-" ]

[ "The Sierra Morena is one of the main systems of mountain ranges in Spain . It stretches for 450 kilometres from east to west across the south of the Iberian Peninsula , forming the southern border of the Meseta Central plateau and providing the watershed between the valleys of the Guadiana to the north and the west , and the Guadalquivir to the south . Its highest summit is 1,332 m high Bañuela . Other notable peaks are Corral de Borros 1,312 m and Cerro de la Estrella 1,298 m. The name Sierra Morena has a strong legendary reputation in Spanish culture and tradition , with myths about bandits -LRB- Los bandidos de Sierra Morena -RRB- , a giant snake -LRB- El Saetón de Sierra Morena -RRB- and a child brought up by wolves -LRB- Marcos Rodríguez Pantoja -RRB- , among others . This range is also mentioned in the famous Mexican song `` Cielito Lindo '' and in one of the most well known traditional Spanish songs , `` Soy Minero '' , interpreted by Antonio Molina . ", "Trasmiera -LRB- Spanish : Trasmiera ; Cantabrian and historically : Tresmiera -RRB- is a historic comarca of Cantabria -LRB- Spain -RRB- , located to the east of the Miera River -LRB- tras Miera , meaning behind Miera , from the point of view of Asturias de Santillana -RRB- , reaching the western side of the Asón . It extends between the bays of Santander and Santoña , occupying most of the Eastern seaboard of Cantabria . This piece of coast is known for its cliffs and fine beaches , such as those of Langre , Loredo , Isla , Noja and Berria . Towards the interior , the comarca offers large prairies as well as considerable hotel and camping development . It is subdivided into the municipalities of Argoños , Arnuero , Bárcena de Cicero , Bareyo , Entrambasaguas , Escalante , Hazas de Cesto , Liérganes , Marina de Cudeyo , Medio Cudeyo , Meruelo , Miera , Noja , Ribamontán al Mar , Ribamontán al Monte , Riotuerto , Santoña , Solórzano and Voto . ", "Las Derrumbadas -LRB- from Spanish , meaning ` the collapsed ones ' or ` the ones that suffered a stonefall ' -RRB- is a rhyolitic twin dome volcano in the Mexican state of Puebla . Often overlooked for its proximity to some of the country 's most famous mountains -- including Cofre de Perote , Sierra Negra and colossal Pico de Orizaba -- its two summits are nevertheless within the top 30 of the country 's highest mountain peaks . Officially , both mountains are individually called Cerro Derrumbadas . To distinguish them , they are called Derrumbada Roja or Derrumbada de Fuego -LRB- Red or Fire Derrumbada , southeastern cone , 3480 m a.s.l. -RRB- , and Derrumbada Azul or Derrumbada de Agua -LRB- Blue or Water Derrumbada , northwestern cone , 3420 m a.s.l. -RRB- by the locals . A third mountain , nearby Cerro Pinto , is often included in the Derrumbadas complex , under the name of Derrumbada Blanca -LRB- White Derrumbada , 3000 m a.s.l. -RRB- . Due to the volcano 's fumarolic activity , it has been studied and proposed as a source of geothermal energy . ", "Tatiana Rodríguez Romero -LRB- born 8 November 1980 -RRB- is a Mexican 5 ¨ 11 '' woman who received the national title of Miss Mexico World and competed in the 2001 Miss World pageant , held November 16 , 2001 in Sun City , South Africa . She is , to this day , the first and only Nuestra Belleza México winner from the state of Campeche . ", "Guadiana may refer to : Guadiana , a river in southern Spain and Portugal Ojos del Guadiana Guadiana Valley Natural Park , a natural park in southeastern Portugal Guadiana International Bridge Guadiana -LRB- Naranjito -RRB- , one of the 8 country settlements of Naranjito , Puerto Rico Guadiana del Caudillo , or Guadiana , a town and municipality in Extremadura , Spain Guadiana River -LRB- Puerto Rico -RRB- , a river in Puerto Rico Guadiana Bay , a bay in western Cuba Ribera del Guadiana , a Spanish protected designation of origin -LRB- Denominación de Origen - DO -RRB- for wines in Extremadura Guadiana Trophy , an annual football -LRB- soccer -RRB- tournament hosted by Portugal and played in the pre-season " ]

[ 2, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Gray_Matters", "A_Pleasant_Shade_of_Gray", "The_Gray_Man_-LRB-2007_film-RRB-", "Creature_from_Black_Lake", "Black_Sheep_-LRB-2006_New_Zealand_film-RRB-" ]

[ "Gray Matters is a 2006 romantic comedy film directed by Sue Kramer , starring Heather Graham , Tom Cavanagh and Bridget Moynahan . It premiered on October 21 , 2006 at the Hamptons International Film Festival and had a United States limited theatrical release on February 23 , 2007 . ", "A Pleasant Shade of Gray is a concept album by the progressive metal group Fates Warning , released in 1997 . It contains one song divided into twelve parts and is noted for its darker mood and more progressive style . ", "The Gray Man -LRB- previously known as Wisteria : The Horrible Story of Albert Fish -RRB- is a 2007 biographical thriller film based on the actual life and events of American serial killer , rapist and cannibal Albert Fish . It premiered at the Montreal World Film Festival on August 31 , 2007 , and was scheduled for a theatrical release sometime in 2007 . It is directed by Scott Flynn and stars Belgian actor Patrick Bauchau as Albert Fish . ", "Creature from Black Lake is a 1976 American horror film . ", "Black Sheep is a 2006 New Zealand made black comedy horror film written and directed by Jonathan King . It was produced by Philippa Campbell and stars Nathan Meister , Peter Feeney , Danielle Mason , Tammy Davis , Oliver Driver , Tandi Wright , Glenis Levestam , Nick Blake , Matthew Chamberlain , Nick Fenton , Eli Kent , and Sam Clarke . The special effects were done by Weta Workshop . The film premiered at the TIFF on 10 September 2006 as part of their Midnight Madness series and was theatrically released on 29 March 2007 by The Weinstein Company in New Zealand . Black Sheep received positive reviews from critics and grossed $ 4.9 million . It also received a Narcisse Award nomination for Best Feature Film . " ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Kareena_Kapoor", "Karisma_Kapoor", "Dheeraj_Kumar", "Ekta_Kapoor", "Kajol" ]

[ "Kareena Kapoor -LRB- -LSB- kəˈriːnaː kəˈpuːr -RSB- ; born 21 September 1980 -RRB- , also known by her married name Kareena Kapoor Khan , is an Indian actress who appears in Hindi films . She is the daughter of actors Randhir Kapoor and Babita , and the younger sister of actress Karisma Kapoor . Noted for playing a variety of characters in a range of film genres -- from romantic comedies to crime dramas -- Kapoor is the recipient of several awards , including six Filmfare Awards , and is one of Bollywood 's most popular and highest-paid actresses . After making her acting debut in the 2000 war film Refugee , Kapoor established herself in Hindi cinema with roles in the historical drama Aśoka , and the blockbuster melodrama Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham ... -LRB- both 2001 -RRB- . This initial success was followed by a series of commercial failures and repetitive roles , which garnered her negative reviews . The year 2004 marked a turning point for Kapoor when she played against type in the role of a sex worker in the drama Chameli . She subsequently earned wide critical recognition for her portrayal of a riot victim in the 2004 drama Dev and a character based on William Shakespeare 's heroine Desdemona in the 2006 crime film Omkara . She went on to receive Filmfare Awards for Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress for her performances in the 2007 romantic comedy Jab We Met and the 2010 drama We Are Family , respectively . Kapoor achieved further success by featuring as the female lead in two of India 's top-grossing productions -- the 2009 comedy-drama 3 Idiots and the 2015 social drama Bajrangi Bhaijaan -- and received praise for her roles in the 2009 thriller Kurbaan and the 2012 drama Heroine . Married to actor Saif Ali Khan , with whom she has a son , Kapoor 's off-screen life is the subject of widespread coverage in India . She has a reputation for being outspoken and assertive , and is recognised for her contributions to the film industry through her fashion style and film roles . In addition to film acting , Kapoor is a stage performer and has contributed as a co-author to three books : an autobiographical memoir and two nutrition guides . She has also launched her own clothing line in association with the retail chain Globus . ", "Karisma Kapoor -LRB- born 25 June 1974 -RRB- is an Indian actress , who appears in Hindi films . One of the most popular and highest-paid actresses of India , Kapoor is particularly known for her work in the female-centric films and her film roles have been credited as a significant departure from the traditional portrayal of women in Hindi films . Kapoor is often regarded as the nation 's most beautiful actress , and is the recipient of several accolades , including a National Film Award and four Filmfare Awards . Born and raised in Mumbai , she is a member of the Kapoor family , where her parents and other relatives are all involved in the Indian film industry . Despite her family background , her father disliked women entering films , and separated from her mother . Kapoor , at the age of seventeen , left her studies to pursue a film career for financial support , and made her acting debut with a leading role in the moderately successful Prem Qaidi -LRB- 1991 -RRB- . Subsequently , Kapoor starred in a number of box-office hits , including the dramas Jigar -LRB- 1992 -RRB- and Anari -LRB- 1993 -RRB- , the comedies Raja Babu -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , Coolie No. 1 -LRB- 1995 -RRB- and Saajan Chale Sasural -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , and the thriller Jeet -LRB- 1996 -RRB- . However , she was criticised for her brief , repetitivein roles and inclination to male-dominated films . The 1996 blockbuster romance Raja Hindustani marked a significant turning point in Kapoor 's career , earning her praise and a Filmfare Award for Best Actress . She later won the National Film Award and Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress for her portrayal of a dancer in Yash Chopra 's blockbuster musical romance Dil To Pagal Hai -LRB- 1997 -RRB- . Kapoor achieved further success by featuring as the female lead in three of David Dhawan 's top grossing romantic comedies -- Hero No. 1 -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , Biwi No. 1 -LRB- 1999 -RRB- and Dulhan Hum Le Jayenge -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , and Sooraj Barjatya 's highly successful family drama Hum Saath-Saath Hain -LRB- 1999 -RRB- -- and won the Best Actress and Best Actress Critics awards at Filmfare for her titular roles in the highly acclaimed dramas Fiza -LRB- 2000 -RRB- and Zubeidaa -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , respectively . She also received widespread praise for her performance in the 2002 revenge drama Shakti : The Power . Kapoor took a leave from full-time acting in 2004 , and made her comeback with the 2012 supernatural thriller Dangerous Ishqq , after which she again took a leave . ", "Dheeraj Kapoor is an Indian actor , television producer and director . He started Creative Eye Limited , a television production house in 1986 . He acted in both Bollywood and Punjabi movies , including Sargam -LRB- 1979 -RRB- , Roti Kapada Aur Makaan -LRB- 1974 -RRB- and Beharoopia -LRB- 1971 -RRB- . ", "Ekta Kapoor -LRB- born 7 June 1975 -RRB- is an Indian TV and film producer . She is the Joint Managing Director and Creative Director of Balaji Telefilms , her production company . Kapoor is the daughter of actor Jeetendra and Shobha Kapoor . Her younger brother Tusshar Kapoor is also a Bollywood actor . She did her schooling at Bombay Scottish School , Mahim and attended college at Mithibai College . She has produced numerous soap opera , television series and movies . Some soap operas she had worked on include Hum Paanch , Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi , Kahaani Ghar Ghar Ki , Kasautii Zindagii Kay , Pavitra Rishta , Bade Acche Lagte Hain , and Jodha Akbar . Kapoor has also produced the television series Naagin , Ye Hai Mohabbatein , Kumkum Bhagya , Kavach and Kasam Tere Pyaar Ki . She has also launched her fashion series with EK Label . She ventured into Bollywood movie production in 2001 beginning with Kyo Kii ... Main Jhuth Nahin Bolta , Kucch To Hai and Krishna Cottage based on supernatural themes followed in 2003 and 2004 . Kyaa Kool Hai Hum starred her brother Tusshar Kapoor . She then went on to co-produce Shootout at Lokhandwala with Sanjay Gupta . Mission Istanbul and EMI -- Liya Hai Toh Chukana Padhega in collaboration with Sunil Shetty followed . In 2010 to 2014 she released a number of films including Love Sex aur Dhokha , Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai , and Shor in the City . ", "Kajol -LRB- born Kajol Mukherjee ; 5 August 1974 -RRB- , is an Indian film actress , who predominantly works in Hindi cinema . Born into the Mukherjee-Samarth family , she is the daughter of actress Tanuja Samarth and late filmmaker Shomu Mukherjee . Regarded as one of India 's most successful and highest-paid actresses , Kajol is the recipient of numerous accolades , including six Filmfare Awards , among twelve nominations . Along with her late aunt Nutan , she holds the record for most Best Actress wins at Filmfare , with five . In 2011 , the Government of India awarded her with the Padma Shri , the fourth highest civilian honour of the country . After making her acting debut in the 1992 romance Bekhudi , with her mother Kajol had her first commercial success with the 1993 thriller Baazigar . She rose to prominence by featuring as the female lead in four of India 's annually top-grossing romances -- Yeh Dillagi -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , Pyaar Kiya To Darna Kya -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , Pyaar To Hona Hi Tha -LRB- 1998 -RRB- and Hum Aapke Dil Mein Rehte Hain -LRB- 1999 -RRB- -- and received wide critical recognition for playing against type in the 1997 mystery film Gupt : The Hidden Truth , that earned her a Filmfare Award for Best Villain , and the 1998 psychological thriller Dushman . Her acclaimed portrayal of a conservative NRI in the blockbuster romance Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , a tomboy in the blockbuster romance Kuch Kuch Hota Hai -LRB- 1998 -RRB- , a lower middle class Punjabi woman in the blockbuster melodrama Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham ... -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , a blind Kashmiri woman in the romantic thriller Fanaa -LRB- 2006 -RRB- and a divorced , single mother in the drama My Name Is Khan -LRB- 2010 -RRB- garnered her five Filmfare Awards for Best Actress . Following a five-year sabbatical from full-time acting in 2001 , Kajol received praise for portraying the lead female roles in the dramas U Me Aur Hum -LRB- 2008 -RRB- and We Are Family -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , and the comedy Dilwale -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . In addition to acting in films , Kajol is a social activist and is noted for her work with widows and children , for which she received the Karmaveer Puraskaar in 2008 . She has featured as a talent judge for Zee TV 's reality show Rock-N-Roll Family and holds a managerial position at Devgn Entertainment and Software Ltd. . Kajol has been married to actor Ajay Devgan since 1999 , with whom she has two children . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Thunderstorm", "Rainband", "Cumulus_castellanus_cloud", "ThunderCats", "Cold-core_low" ]

[ "A thunderstorm , also known as an electrical storm , lightning storm , or thundershower , is a storm characterized by the presence of lightning and its acoustic effect on the Earth 's atmosphere , known as thunder . Thunderstorms occur in association with a type of cloud known as a cumulonimbus . They are usually accompanied by strong winds , heavy rain , and sometimes snow , sleet , hail , or , in contrast , no precipitation at all . Thunderstorms may line up in a series or become a rainband , known as a squall line . Strong or severe thunderstorms , known as supercells , rotate as do cyclones . While most thunderstorms move with the mean wind flow through the layer of the troposphere that they occupy , vertical wind shear sometimes causes a deviation in their course at a right angle to the wind shear direction . Thunderstorms result from the rapid upward movement of warm , moist air , sometimes along a front . As the warm , moist air moves upward , it cools , condenses , and forms a cumulonimbus cloud that can reach heights of over 20 km . As the rising air reaches its dew point temperature , water vapor condenses into water droplets or ice , reducing pressure locally within the thunderstorm cell . Any precipitation falls the long distance through the clouds towards the Earth 's surface . As the droplets fall , they collide with other droplets and become larger . The falling droplets create a downdraft as it pulls cold air with it , and this cold air spreads out at the Earth 's surface , occasionally causing strong winds that are commonly associated with thunderstorms . Thunderstorms can form and develop in any geographic location but most frequently within the mid-latitude , where warm , moist air from tropical latitudes collides with cooler air from polar latitudes . Thunderstorms are responsible for the development and formation of many severe weather phenomena . Thunderstorms , and the phenomena that occur along with them , pose great hazards . Damage that results from thunderstorms is mainly inflicted by downburst winds , large hailstones , and flash flooding caused by heavy precipitation . Stronger thunderstorm cells are capable of producing tornadoes and waterspouts . There are four types of thunderstorms : single-cell , multi-cell cluster , multi-cell lines , and supercells . Supercell thunderstorms are the strongest and the most associated with severe weather phenomena . Mesoscale convective systems formed by favorable vertical wind shear within the tropics and subtropics can be responsible for the development of hurricanes . Dry thunderstorms , with no precipitation , can cause the outbreak of wildfires from the heat generated from the cloud-to-ground lightning that accompanies them . Several means are used to study thunderstorms : weather radar , weather stations , and video photography . Past civilizations held various myths concerning thunderstorms and their development as late as the 18th century . Beyond the Earth 's atmosphere , thunderstorms have also been observed on the planets of Jupiter , Saturn , Neptune , and , probably , Venus . ", "A rainband is a cloud and precipitation structure associated with an area of rainfall which is significantly elongated . Rainbands can be stratiform or convective , and are generated by differences in temperature . When noted on weather radar imagery , this precipitation elongation is referred to as banded structure . Rainbands within tropical cyclones are curved in orientation . Tropical cyclone rainbands contain showers and thunderstorms that , together with the eyewall and the eye , constitute a hurricane or tropical storm . The extent of rainbands around a tropical cyclone can help determine the cyclone 's intensity . Rainbands spawned near and ahead of cold fronts can be squall lines which are able to produce tornadoes . Rainbands associated with cold fronts can be warped by mountain barriers perpendicular to the front 's orientation due to the formation of a low-level barrier jet . Bands of thunderstorms can form with sea breeze and land breeze boundaries , if enough moisture is present . If sea breeze rainbands become active enough just ahead of a cold front , they can mask the location of the cold front itself . Banding within the comma head precipitation pattern of an extratropical cyclone can yield significant amounts of rain or snow . Behind extratropical cyclones , rainbands can form downwind of relative warm bodies of water such as the Great Lakes . If the atmosphere is cold enough , these rainbands can yield heavy snow . ", "Cumulus castellanus -LRB- from Latin castellanus , castle -RRB- is a type of cumulus cloud that is distinctive because it displays multiple towers arising from its top , indicating significant vertical air movement . They are so named because they somewhat resemble the crenellation on medieval castles . Cumulus castellanus clouds are associated with the formation of towering cumulus or cumulonimbus clouds , and correspondingly can be an indicator of forthcoming showers and thunderstorms . The World Meteorological Organization and the American Meteorological Society do not recognize cumulus castellanus as a distinct species , but instead classify all towering cumulus clouds as Cumulus congestus . ", "ThunderCats is an American/Japanese animated series based on a group of catlike humanoid aliens . The show was created by Tobin `` Ted '' Wolf and animated by Japanese animation studio Pacific Animation Corporation . The characters were originally featured in an animated television series named ThunderCats , running from 1985 to 1989 . ", "A cold-core low , also known as an upper level low or cold-core cyclone , is a cyclone aloft which has an associated cold pool of air residing at high altitude within the Earth 's troposphere . It is a low pressure system which strengthens with height in accordance with the thermal wind relationship . These systems can be referred to as upper level lows . If a weak surface circulation forms in response to such a feature at subtropical latitudes of the eastern north Pacific or north Indian oceans , it is called a subtropical cyclone . Cloud cover and rainfall mainly occurs with these systems during the day . Severe weather , such as tornadoes , can occur near the center of cold-core lows . Cold lows can help spawn cyclones with significant weather impacts , such as polar lows , and Von Karman Vortices . In regard to tropical cyclones , cold lows can lead directly to their development due to their associated cold pool of air aloft or by acting as additional outflow channels to aid in further development . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Vic_Mensa", "Innanetape", "Mai_Phương_Thúy", "Vic_-LRB-name-RRB-", "VicForests" ]

[ "Victor Kwesi Mensah -LRB- born June 6 , 1993 -RRB- , better known by his stage name Vic Mensa , is a Grammy-nominated American rapper from Chicago , Illinois . He is currently signed to Roc Nation and was a member of the group Kids These Days , which broke up in May 2013 . He released his first solo mixtape Innanetape . Mensa is also founder of the hip-hop collective Savemoney which includes frequent collaborator Chance the Rapper . His debut single `` Down on My Luck '' was released in June 2014 by Virgin EMI . ", "Innanetape -LRB- stylized as INNANETAPE -RRB- is the debut mixtape by American rapper Vic Mensa . It was released on September 30 , 2013 , as a free digital download . The mixtape features guest appearances from Chance the Rapper , Ab-Soul , Rockie Fresh and BJ the Chicago Kid , as well as the production that was provided by Boi-1da , Hit-Boy , Cam for J.U.S.T.I.C.E. League , Tae Beast , DJ Dahi , Om ` Mas Keith , Christian Rich and Mensa himself . ", "Mai Phương Thúy -LRB- chữ Hán : 梅芳翠 ; June 25 , 1988 -RRB- is a Vietnamese actress , model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned the 10th Miss Vietnam at the Vinpearl Resort in Nha Trang , Vietnam on August 26 , 2006 . She represented Vietnam at the Miss World 2006 pageant in Warsaw , Poland on September 30 , in the Asia-Pacific group . She made the first cut In Miss World 2006 by winning the viewers ' votes around the world . In 2006 , she was voted by globalbeauties.com into the Top 50 of the annual Miss Grand Slam . She had posed for photographs late in 2007 for the photographer Tran Huy Hoan ; the set is described as `` nude photos '' - perhaps artistic but still risque for a `` Miss Vietnam '' . Tran Huy Hoan has sold oil paintings of a nude lady which bears a likeness to Mai Phương Thúy . She supports numerous social causes , notably the Vietnamese traffic problem . She is the goodwill ambassador for the Asia Injury Prevention Foundation . She studied at Phan Dinh Phung high school and was accepted into the Foreign Trade University and RMIT University Vietnam . Thúy did and still does many charity works and she also participated in a movie called '' Âm tính '' -LRB- Negative -RRB- . ", "Vic is short for Victor . It may refer to : Vic Aldridge -LRB- 1893 -- 1973 -RRB- , American Major League Baseball pitcher Vic Bellamy -LRB- born 1963 -RRB- , American football player Vic Chesnutt -LRB- 1964 -- 2009 -RRB- , American singer-songwriter Vic Chou , Taiwanese actor , singer and commercial model Vic Damone -LRB- born 1928 -RRB- , American singer and entertainer Vic Davalillo -LRB- born 1936 -RRB- , Venezuelan baseball player Vic Dhillon -LRB- born 1969 -RRB- , Canadian politician Vic Dickenson -LRB- 1906 -- 1984 -RRB- , African-American jazz trombonist Vic Duggan -LRB- 1910 -- 2007 -RRB- , Speedway racer who won the London Riders ' Championship in 1947 Vic Elford -LRB- born 1935 -RRB- , former English sportscar racing , rallying and Formula One driver Vic Godard , British singer-songwriter formerly of the punk group Subway Sect Vic Grimes -LRB- born 1963 -RRB- , American professional wrestler Vic Howe -LRB- Born 1929 -RRB- , professional ice hockey player Vic Janowicz -LRB- 1930 -- 1996 -RRB- , American college and National Football League halfback , member of the College Football Hall of Fame Vic Kulbitski -LRB- 1921 -- 1998 -RRB- , American football player Vic Lee -LRB- disambiguation -RRB- , multiple people Vic Lewis -LRB- 1919 -- 2009 -RRB- , British jazz guitarist and bandleader Vic Maile -LRB- 1943 -- 1989 -RRB- , British record producer Vic Mignogna -LRB- born 1962 -RRB- , American voice actor and musician Vic Mizzy -LRB- 1916 -- 2009 -RRB- , American composer Vic Morrow -LRB- 1929 -- 1982 -RRB- , American actor Vic Perrin -LRB- 1916 -- 1989 -RRB- , American actor and voice artist Vic Peters -LRB- 1955 -- 2016 -RRB- , Canadian curler Vic Raschi -LRB- 1919 -- 1988 -RRB- , Major League Baseball pitcher Vic Reeves -LRB- born 1959 -RRB- , English comedian Vic Ross -LRB- 1900 -- 74 -RRB- , American lacrosse player Vic Rouse -LRB- disambiguation -RRB- , multiple people Vic Ruggiero , musician , songwriter and producer from New York City Vic Seixas -LRB- born 1923 -RRB- , American former tennis player Vic Snyder -LRB- born 1947 -RRB- , American politician from the U.S. state of Arkansas Vic Stasiuk -LRB- born 1929 -RRB- , Canadian retired professional ice hockey left winger Vic Stelly -LRB- born 1941 -RRB- , retired businessman from Lake Charles , Louisiana Vic Stollmeyer -LRB- 1916 -- 1999 -RRB- , West Indian cricketer Vic Tayback -LRB- 1930 -- 1990 -RRB- , American actor Vic Toews -LRB- born 1952 -RRB- , Canadian politician Vic Wunderle -LRB- born 1976 -RRB- , archer from the United States ", "VicForests is a Government Backed Enterprise -LRB- GBE -RRB- operating in Victoria -LRB- Australia -RRB- . It was created - as a state body under Section 14 of the State Owned Enterprises Act 1992 - by the Victorian State Government , being declared a state business corporation on 18 October 2003 . The principal function of VicForests is to undertake the commercial sale and supply of timber resources from Victorian State forests . " ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Parkinson's_disease", "Barbara_Davis", "Addison_Montgomery", "Parkinson's_Sunday_Supplement", "DLD/NP1" ]

[ "Parkinson 's disease -LRB- PD -RRB- is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system . The symptoms generally come on slowly over time . Early in the disease , the most obvious are shaking , rigidity , slowness of movement , and difficulty with walking . Thinking and behavioral problems may also occur . Dementia becomes common in the advanced stages of the disease . Depression and anxiety are also common occurring in more than a third of people with PD . Other symptoms include sensory , sleep , and emotional problems . The main motor symptoms are collectively called `` parkinsonism '' , or a `` parkinsonian syndrome '' . The cause of Parkinson 's disease is generally unknown , but believed to involve both genetic and environmental factors . Those with a family member affected are more likely to get the disease themselves . There is also an increased risk in people exposed to certain pesticides and among those who have had prior head injuries while there is a reduced risk in tobacco smokers and those who drink coffee or tea . The motor symptoms of the disease result from the death of cells in the substantia nigra , a region of the midbrain . This results in not enough dopamine in these areas . The reason for this cell death is poorly understood , but involves the build-up of proteins into Lewy bodies in the neurons . Diagnosis of typical cases is mainly based on symptoms , with tests such as neuroimaging being used to rule out other diseases . There is no cure for Parkinson 's disease . Initial treatment is typically with the antiparkinson medication L-DOPA -LRB- levodopa -RRB- , with dopamine agonists being used once levodopa becomes less effective . As the disease progresses and neurons continue to be lost , these medications become less effective while at the same time they produce a complication marked by involuntary writhing movements . Diet and some forms of rehabilitation have shown some effectiveness at improving symptoms . Surgery to place microelectrodes for deep brain stimulation has been used to reduce motor symptoms in severe cases where drugs are ineffective . Evidence for treatments for the non-movement-related symptoms of PD , such as sleep disturbances and emotional problems , is less strong . In 2015 , PD affected 6.2 million people and resulted in about 117,400 deaths globally . Parkinson 's disease typically occurs in people over the age of 60 , of which about one percent are affected . Males are more often affected than females . When it is seen in people before the age of 50 , it is called young-onset PD . The average life expectancy following diagnosis is between 7 and 14 years . The disease is named after the English doctor James Parkinson , who published the first detailed description in An Essay on the Shaking Palsy , in 1817 . Public awareness campaigns include World Parkinson 's Day -LRB- on the birthday of James Parkinson , 11 April -RRB- and the use of a red tulip as the symbol of the disease . People with parkinsonism who have increased the public 's awareness of the condition include actor Michael J. Fox , Olympic cyclist Davis Phinney , and late professional boxer Muhammad Ali . ", "Barbara Davis is an American philanthropist . ", "Dr. Addison Adrianne Forbes Montgomery -LRB- formerly Shepherd -RRB- is a fictional character on the ABC television series Grey 's Anatomy and Private Practice played by Kate Walsh . Addison is a world-class neonatal surgeon with board certifications in both Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Maternal and Fetal Medicine . Additionally , she is a medical genetics fellow . She works at the Oceanside Wellness Group , a fictional practice located in Santa Monica , California . ", "Parkinson 's Sunday Supplement is a Sunday morning programme which was aired between 1996 and 2007 on BBC Radio 2 in the United Kingdom . It was presented by the journalist and broadcaster Michael Parkinson . The programme featured newspaper reviews and entertainment summaries with the help of journalists and a lengthy interview with a media personality . ", "DLD/NP1 is a tumor suppressor gene recently discovered by a team of medical students from an American University in Lebanon . The new medical achievement was described by two students , Maroun Hajjar , and Mozes Chalovski , and tested for in samples taken from a population of 984 individuals -LRB- p = 0.0056 * -RRB- , including their mentor , Dr. Davis Davis . In 2010 , work began in the only classroom of the `` outstanding '' medical school , to describe why the doctor in charge had such weird symptoms attributed to his unusual tumor . Almost one year later , DLD/NP1 gene was identified and found repeatedly in Davis ' DNA . DNA methylation of a CpG island near the DLD/NP1 promoter as well as histone acetylation may represent possible epigenetic mechanisms leading to decreased gene expression in human tumors . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Jed_Whedon", "Per_Gudmundson", "Willie_Jones,_III", "Marty_Willson-Piper", "Jeb_Bishop_discography" ]

[ "Jed Tucker Whedon -LRB- born July 18 , 1974 -RRB- is an American screenwriter and musician , and the son of screenwriter Tom Whedon , grandson of screenwriter John Whedon , and the brother of screenwriter Zack Whedon and producer/director/writer Joss Whedon . ", "Per Gudmundson , born 1955 , is a Swedish folk musician . He plays the fiddle and has also been instrumental in the revival of the Swedish bagpipes in Swedish folk music together with instrument maker Leif Eriksson . He grew up in Falun , Dalecarlia , and plays music within the Rättvik tradition . Since 1987 he is also a member of the group Frifot , and has toured extensively with them in a number of countries . In 2006 he was awarded the Zorn Badge in gold . ", "Willie Jones III -LRB- born June 8 , 1968 , Los Angeles , California -RRB- is a jazz drummer . He has played , toured , and recorded with Horace Silver , Roy Hargrove , Hank Jones , Cedar Walton , and Herbie Hancock . He played on Arturo Sandoval 's Grammy-winning album Hot House -LRB- 1998 -RRB- . Jones has released several albums with his group Black Note , whose members have included Ark Sano , Eric Reed , Gilbert Castellanos , James Mahone , Kenneth Crouch , Mark Shelby , and Richard E. Grant . He is appreciated by jazz musicians for his exceptional speed and control , together with his use of a wide range of textures which characterize most of his playing . He is a master of many styles and moves quickly and easily between be-bop , big band , avante guard , and Latin jazz grooves . He has regularly played with pianist Eric Reed , as the drummer for Wynton Marsalis ' Jazz at Lincoln Center , and has several CDs released as a leader on his own label , playing hard bop and swing . In 2000 , Jones founded an independent jazz label , WJ3 Records . In 2014 , Jones filed a lawsuit against California rapper Kendrick Lamar for allegedly sampling `` The Thorn '' illegally in Lamar 's song `` Rigamortis '' . ", "Marty Willson-Piper is an English guitarist and singer best known as a long-time member of the Australian psychedelic rock band The Church . While he was not a founding member of the band , he joined in 1980 after seeing an early gig where they were performing as a three-piece . He was an integral member of the band for over 30 years . He was also the guitarist for the English alternative rock band All About Eve from 1991 to 1993 and again from 1999 to 2002 . He is currently working with Swedish progressive rock band Anekdoten . ", "Jeb Bishop is primarily known as an improvisational jazz trombonist . However he occasionally plays other instruments on both jazz and rock recordings as noted . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Corruption_in_North_Korea", "Visa_requirements_for_North_Korean_citizens", "Kukmin_Ilbo", "2002_in_North_Korea", "LinkedIn" ]

[ "Corruption in North Korea is a widespread and growing problem in North Korean society . North Korea is ranked 175 out of 177 countries in Transparency International 's 2013 Corruption Perceptions Index -LRB- tied with Somalia and Afghanistan -RRB- . Strict rules and draconian punishments imposed by the regime , for example , against accessing foreign media or for modifying radio or television receivers to access foreign media , are commonly evaded by offering bribes to the police . Informing on colleagues and family members has become less common . Main Article : North Korea North Korea 's state media admitted widespread corruption in North Korea , when laying out the accusations against Jang Sung-taek after his execution in December 2013 . The statement mentions bribery , deviation of materials , selling resources and land , securing funds and squandering money for private use by organizations under his control . ", "Visa requirements for North Korean citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of North Korea by the authorities of other states . As of 1 January 2017 , North Korean citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 40 countries and territories , ranking the North Korean passport 94th in terms of travel freedom -LRB- tied with Democratic Republic of the Congo and Djiboutian passports -RRB- according to the Henley visa restrictions index . ", "Kukmin Ilbo is a South Korean daily newspaper published by The Kookmin Ilbo in Seoul , South Korea . In South Korea , `` Kukmin '' means `` nation people '' . It is headquartered in Yeouido-dong , Yeongdeungpo District , Seoul . ", "Events from the year 2002 in North Korea . ", "LinkedIn -LRB- -LSB- ˌliŋkt.ˈɪn -RSB- -RRB- is a business - and employment-oriented social networking service that operates via websites and mobile apps . Founded on December 28 , 2002 , and launched on May 5 , 2003 , it is mainly used for professional networking , including employers posting jobs and job seekers posting their CVs . As of 2015 , most of the company 's revenue came from selling access to information about its members to recruiters and sales professionals . As of September 2016 , LinkedIn had more than 467 million accounts , out of which more than 106 million are active . As of April 2017 , LinkedIn had 500 million members in 200 countries . LinkedIn allows members -LRB- both workers and employers -RRB- to create profiles and `` connections '' to each other in an online social network which may represent real-world professional relationships . Members can invite anyone -LRB- whether an existing member or not -RRB- to become a connection . The `` gated-access approach '' -LRB- where contact with any professional requires either an existing relationship or an introduction through a contact of theirs -RRB- is intended to build trust among the service 's members . LinkedIn participated in the EU 's International Safe Harbor Privacy Principles . The site has an Alexa Internet ranking as the 20th most popular website . According to the New York Times , US high school students are now creating LinkedIn profiles to include with their college applications . Based in the United States , the site is , as of 2013 , available in 24 languages , including Arabic , Chinese , English , French , German , Italian , Portuguese , Spanish , Dutch , Swedish , Danish , Romanian , Russian , Turkish , Japanese , Czech , Polish , Korean , Indonesian , Malay , and Tagalog . LinkedIn filed for an initial public offering in January 2011 and traded its first shares on May 19 , 2011 , under the NYSE symbol `` LNKD '' . On June 13 , 2016 , Microsoft announced plans to acquire LinkedIn for $ 26.2 billion . The acquisition was completed on December 8 , 2016 . The transaction resulted in the payment of approximately $ 26.4 billion in cash merger consideration . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Matt_Bomer", "Daran_Norris", "Jed_Whedon", "Matt_Frackas", "Tom_Matte" ]

[ "Matthew Staton Bomer -LRB- born October 11 , 1977 -RRB- is an American actor . He made his television debut with Guiding Light in 2001 , and gained recognition with his recurring role in the NBC television series Chuck . He played the lead role of con-artist and thief Neal Caffrey in the USA Network series White Collar from 2009 to 2014 . Bomer won a Golden Globe Award and received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for his supporting role as Felix Turner , opposite Mark Ruffalo , in the HBO television film The Normal Heart -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . Bomer made a guest appearance on the fourth season of FX 's horror anthology series American Horror Story . He was later upgraded to main cast during the fifth season . In film , Bomer has featured in supporting roles in the 2005 thriller Flightplan , the 2011 science fiction thriller In Time , the 2012 comedy-drama Magic Mike and its 2015 sequel , the 2014 supernatural-drama Winter 's Tale , and the 2016 neo-noir film The Nice Guys . On stage , Bomer has starred in the Dustin Lance Black play 8 on Broadway and at the Wilshire Ebell Theatre as Jeff Zarrillo , a plaintiff in the federal case that overturned California 's Proposition 8 . Bomer is married to the publicist Simon Halls with whom he has three children . ", "Daran Norris -LRB- born Daran Morrison Nordlund ; November 1 , 1964 -RRB- is an American actor and voice actor . He has appeared or voiced characters in more than 400 films , video games , and television programs , including : Gordy in Ned 's Declassified School Survival Guide ; Cliff McCormack in Veronica Mars ; the voices of Cosmo , Jorgen Von Strangle , and Mr. Turner in the The Fairly OddParents ; Buddha Bob in Big Time Rush ; and Knock Out in Transformers Prime . ", "Jed Tucker Whedon -LRB- born July 18 , 1974 -RRB- is an American screenwriter and musician , and the son of screenwriter Tom Whedon , grandson of screenwriter John Whedon , and the brother of screenwriter Zack Whedon and producer/director/writer Joss Whedon . ", "Matt Frackas -LRB- born 1961 -RRB- is an American photographer , director and producer based in Los Angeles , California . Frackas is best known as a pioneer of the amateur genre in the Adult industry . Matt founded Mattsmodels.com in 1999 and has since been recognized by the Adult Industry as a leader in his genre . Matt has made news by branching out in 2006 and forming Matt 's Model Network , signing a DVD distribution deal in 2007 with Vivid Entertainment Group , and by merging into a larger content network with Matt 's Money in 2008 . ", "Thomas Roland Matte -LRB- born June 14 , 1939 -RRB- , nicknamed the `` Garbage Can '' , is a former American football player who played quarterback in college and primarily running back in the National Football League -LRB- NFL -RRB- in the 1960s and 1970s and earned a Super Bowl Ring . He attended Shaw High School in East Cleveland and is an Eagle Scout . Matte was an All-American back at Ohio State University . " ]

[ 2, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Anthony_Scaramucci", "Maurizio_Delvecchio", "Luigi_Petrucci", "Marsel_Tukhvatullin", "Francis_Scarpaleggia" ]

[ "Anthony Scaramucci -LRB- born January 6 , 1964 -RRB- is an American entrepreneur , financier , political figure , and author . On January 12 , 2017 , President Donald Trump announced his intent to appoint Scaramucci Director of the White House Office of Public Liaison and Intergovernmental Affairs . Scaramucci 's swearing-in was reportedly delayed by an extended review of his finances by the Office of Government Ethics , although the ethics office denied that clearance was necessary before making White House appointments . Ultimately , George Sifakis was appointed instead . Following the 2016 election , Scaramucci served on the Presidential Transition Team Executive Committee . In 2005 , Scaramucci founded global investment firm SkyBridge Capital , serving as co-managing partner before selling the company in early 2017 to take a role in the Trump administration . Scaramucci also previously served as host of a financial television show Wall Street Week and contributor to the Fox News Channel . ", "Maurizio Delvecchio -LRB- born 22 May 1962 -RRB- is an Italian painter . He was born in Basel , Switzerland into an Italian family . Back in Italy , with his parents , he graduated from the Art School in Ravenna . In 1985 he graduated from the Academy of Fine Arts in Ravenna . He lives and works in Cesenatico -LRB- FC -RRB- . He participated in the 54 Biennale of Art in Venice in 2011 . ", "Luigi Petrucci -LRB- born 13 September 1956 in Naples -RRB- is an Italian film and television actor . Petrucci made his debut in the entertainment world as a stage actor , on stage in numerous Italian cities . By an active career , he finally entered the world of television and films . During his career he has taken part in several television series and TV movies , mainly for RAI productions . ", "Marsel Nakipovich Tukhvatullin -LRB- Марсель Накипович Тухватуллин born 22 November 1974 in Kazan -RRB- is a former Russian football player . ", "Francis Scarpaleggia , MP -LRB- born June 6 , 1957 in Montreal , Quebec -RRB- is a member of the Liberal Party of Canada -LRB- since 1985 -RRB- and Member of Parliament for the riding of Lac-Saint-Louis , which encompasses the western tip of the island of Montreal , Quebec . Scarpaleggia was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 2004 federal election , and was re-elected in 2006 , 2008 , 2011 and 2015 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Henry_III_of_France", "Henry_III_of_England", "Henry_IV_of_France", "Jean_Châtel", "Henry_V_of_England" ]

[ "Henry III -LRB- 19 September 1551 -- 2 August 1589 ; born Alexandre Édouard de France , Henryk Walezy , Henrikas Valua -RRB- was a monarch of the House of Valois who was elected the monarch of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1573 to 1575 and ruled as King of France from 1574 until his death . He was the last French monarch of the Valois dynasty . As the fourth son of King Henry II of France and Catherine de ' Medici , Henry was not expected to assume the throne of France . He was thus a good candidate for the vacant Commonwealth throne , and he was elected with the dual titles King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania . Henry 's rule over the Commonwealth was brief , but notable . The Henrician Articles he signed into law accepting the Commonwealth throne established Poland as an elective monarchy subject to free election by the Polish nobility . Of his three older brothers , two would live long enough to ascend the French throne , but both died young and without a legitimate male heir . He abandoned Commonwealth upon receiving word that he had inherited the throne of France at the age of 22 . The kingdom of France was at the time plagued by the Wars of Religion , and Henry 's authority was undermined by violent political parties funded by foreign powers : the Catholic League -LRB- supported by Spain -RRB- , the Protestant Huguenots -LRB- supported by England and the Dutch -RRB- and the Malcontents , led by Henry 's own brother , the Duke of Alençon , which was a party of Catholic and Protestant aristocrats who jointly opposed the absolutist ambitions of the king . Henry III was himself a politique , arguing that a strong and religiously tolerant monarchy would save France from collapse . After the death of Henry 's younger brother Francis , Duke of Anjou , and when it became apparent that Henry would not produce an heir , the Wars of Religion grew into a succession crisis that resulted in a war known as the War of the Three Henrys . Henry III 's legitimate heir was his distant cousin Henry , King of Navarre , a Protestant . The Catholic League , led by Henry I , Duke of Guise , sought to exclude Protestants from the succession and championed the Catholic Charles , Cardinal of Bourbon , as Henry III 's heir . In 1589 , Jacques Clément , a Catholic fanatic , murdered Henry III , who was succeeded by the King of Navarre who , as Henry IV , would assume the throne of France after converting to Catholicism , and become the first French king of the House of Bourbon . ", "Henry III -LRB- 1 October 1207 -- 16 November 1272 -RRB- , also known as Henry of Winchester , was King of England , Lord of Ireland and Duke of Aquitaine from 1216 until his death . The son of King John and Isabella of Angoulême , Henry assumed the throne when he was only nine in the middle of the First Barons ' War . Cardinal Guala declared the war against the rebel barons to be a religious crusade and Henry 's forces , led by William Marshal , defeated the rebels at the battles of Lincoln and Sandwich in 1217 . Henry promised to abide by the Great Charter of 1225 , which limited royal power and protected the rights of the major barons . His early rule was dominated first by Hubert de Burgh and then Peter des Roches , who re-established royal authority after the war . In 1230 the King attempted to reconquer the provinces of France that had once belonged to his father , but the invasion was a debacle . A revolt led by William Marshal 's son , Richard , broke out in 1232 , ending in a peace settlement negotiated by the Church . Following the revolt , Henry ruled England personally , rather than governing through senior ministers . He travelled less than previous monarchs , investing heavily in a handful of his favourite palaces and castles . He married Eleanor of Provence , with whom he had five children . Henry was known for his piety , holding lavish religious ceremonies and giving generously to charities ; the King was particularly devoted to the figure of Edward the Confessor , whom he adopted as his patron saint . He extracted huge sums of money from the Jews in England , ultimately crippling their ability to do business , and as attitudes towards the Jews hardened , he introduced the Statute of Jewry , attempting to segregate the community . In a fresh attempt to reclaim his family 's lands in France , he invaded Poitou in 1242 , leading to the disastrous Battle of Taillebourg . After this , Henry relied on diplomacy , cultivating an alliance with Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II . Henry supported his brother Richard in his bid to become King of the Romans in 1256 , but was unable to place his own son Edmund on the throne of Sicily , despite investing large amounts of money . He planned to go on crusade to the Levant , but was prevented from doing so by rebellions in Gascony . By 1258 , Henry 's rule was increasingly unpopular , the result of the failure of his expensive foreign policies and the notoriety of his Poitevin half-brothers , the Lusignans , as well as the role of his local officials in collecting taxes and debts . A coalition of his barons , initially probably backed by Eleanor , seized power in a coup d'état and expelled the Poitevins from England , reforming the royal government through a process called the Provisions of Oxford . Henry and the baronial government enacted a peace with France in 1259 , under which Henry gave up his rights to his other lands in France in return for King Louis IX of France recognising him as the rightful ruler of Gascony . The baronial regime collapsed but Henry was unable to reform a stable government and instability across England continued . In 1263 one of the more radical barons , Simon de Montfort , seized power , resulting in the Second Barons ' War . Henry persuaded Louis to support his cause and mobilised an army . The Battle of Lewes occurred in 1264 , where Henry was defeated and taken prisoner . Henry 's eldest son , Edward , escaped from captivity to defeat de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham the following year and freed his father . Henry initially enacted a harsh revenge on the remaining rebels , but was persuaded by the Church to mollify his policies through the Dictum of Kenilworth . Reconstruction was slow and Henry had to acquiesce to various measures , including further suppression of the Jews , to maintain baronial and popular support . Henry died in 1272 , leaving Edward as his successor . He was buried in Westminster Abbey , which he had rebuilt in the second half of his reign , and was moved to his current tomb in 1290 . Some miracles were declared after his death but he was not canonised . ", "Henry IV -LRB- Henri IV , read as Henri-Quatre -LSB- ɑ̃ʁi.katʁ -RSB- ; 13 December 1553 -- 14 May 1610 -RRB- , also known by the epithet `` Good King Henry '' , was King of Navarre -LRB- as Henry III -RRB- from 1572 to 1610 and King of France from 1589 to 1610 . He was the first French monarch of the House of Bourbon , a branch of the Capetian dynasty . Baptised as a Catholic but raised in the Protestant faith by his mother Jeanne d'Albret , Queen of Navarre , he inherited the throne of Navarre in 1572 on the death of his mother . As a Huguenot , Henry was involved in the French Wars of Religion , barely escaping assassination in the St. Bartholomew 's Day massacre , and later led Protestant forces against the royal army . Henry , as Head of the House of Bourbon , was a direct male-line descendant of Louis IX of France , and `` first prince of the blood '' . Upon the death of his brother-in-law and distant cousin Henry III of France in 1589 , Henry was called to the French succession by the Salic law . He initially kept the Protestant faith and had to fight against the Catholic League , which denied that he could wear France 's crown as a Protestant . To obtain mastery over his kingdom , after four years of stalemate , he found it prudent to abjure the Calvinist faith . As a pragmatic politician -LRB- in the parlance of the time , a politique -RRB- , he displayed an unusual religious tolerance for the era . Notably , he promulgated the Edict of Nantes -LRB- 1598 -RRB- , which guaranteed religious liberties to Protestants , thereby effectively ending the Wars of Religion . He was assassinated in 1610 by François Ravaillac , a fanatical Catholic , and was succeeded by his son Louis XIII . Considered a usurper by some Catholics and a traitor by some Protestants , Henry became target of at least 12 assassination attempts . An unpopular king immediately after his accession , Henry 's popularity greatly improved after his death , in light of repeated victories over his enemies and his conversion to Catholicism . The `` Good King Henry '' -LRB- le bon roi Henri -RRB- was remembered for his geniality and his great concern about the welfare of his subjects . He was celebrated in the popular song Vive le roi Henri and in Voltaire 's Henriade . ", "Jean Châtel -LRB- 1575 -- 29 December 1594 -RRB- attempted to assassinate King Henry IV of France on 27 December 1594 . He was the son of a cloth merchant and was aged 19 when executed on 29 December . On 27 December 1594 , Châtel managed to gain entry to the King 's chamber . When Henry stooped to help two officials rise who had knelt before him , Châtel attacked him with a knife , striking his lip . He was at once arrested and condemned for the crime of lèse majesté . As the law prescribed , first Châtel 's hand , with which he had struck the King , was burned with molten sulfur , lead and wax . He was then executed by dismemberment . Under questioning Châtel revealed that he had been educated by the Jesuits of the Collège de Clermont -LRB- now the Lycée Louis-le-Grand -RRB- . In the atmosphere of the day , with the wars of Religion still in progress , it was inevitable that the Jesuits would be accused of inspiring Châtel 's attack . His former teachers , Fathers Hay and Guéret were fortunate to be exiled ; a third teacher , Father Guignard , was hanged and burned at the stake for his presumed part in the affair . The Collège de Clermont was closed , and the building was confiscated . The Jesuit Order was banned from France , although this ban was quickly lifted . ", "Henry V -LRB- 9 August 1386 -- 31 August 1422 -RRB- was King of England from 1413 until his death at the age of 36 in 1422 . He was the second English monarch who came from the House of Lancaster . After military experience fighting the Welsh during the revolt of Owain Glyndŵr , and against the powerful aristocratic Percys of Northumberland at the Battle of Shrewsbury , Henry came into political conflict with his father , whose health was increasingly precarious from 1405 onward . After his father 's death in 1413 , Henry assumed control of the country and embarked on war with France in the ongoing Hundred Years ' War -LRB- 1337 -- 1453 -RRB- between the two nations . His military successes culminated in his famous victory at the Battle of Agincourt -LRB- 1415 -RRB- and saw him come close to conquering France . After months of negotiation with Charles VI of France , the Treaty of Troyes -LRB- 1420 -RRB- recognised Henry V as regent and heir apparent to the French throne , and he was subsequently married to Charles 's daughter , Catherine of Valois -LRB- 1401 -- 37 -RRB- . Following Henry V 's sudden and unexpected death in France two years later , he was succeeded by his infant son , who reigned as Henry VI -LRB- 1422 -- 61 , 1470 -- 71 -RRB- . " ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "SummerSlam", "SummerSlam_-LRB-2015-RRB-", "2017_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates", "2015_Commonwealth_Law_Conference", "2015_UCI_Track_Cycling_World_Championships_–_Men's_omnium" ]

[ "SummerSlam is a professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event , produced annually in August by professional wrestling promotion WWE . Dubbed as `` The Biggest Party of the Summer '' , it is one of the original `` Big Four '' pay-per-view events of WWE -LRB- along with WrestleMania , Royal Rumble and Survivor Series -RRB- . The inaugural SummerSlam took place on August 29 , 1988 at Madison Square Garden in New York City and was broadcast via pay-per-view . SummerSlam has been touted by WWE as their second biggest event of the year after WrestleMania . From 2009 to 2014 , SummerSlam remained exclusive to Staples Center in Los Angeles . Since 2015 , the event has took place at the Barclays Center in the New York City borough of Brooklyn . ", "SummerSlam -LRB- 2015 -RRB- was a professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event produced by WWE . It took place on August 23 , 2015 , at Barclays Center in Brooklyn , New York . The twenty-eighth event under the SummerSlam chronology , this was the first since 2008 to be held outside of Los Angeles as Staples Center was the exclusive home for SummerSlam from 2009 to 2014 , and the eighth SummerSlam to be held in the New York metropolitan area . The Izod Center was originally supposed to host SummerSlam , but due to its closure in April 2015 , the event was moved to Barclays Center . The event was the first in the SummerSlam chronology to be four hours in length , a length previously reserved only for WrestleMania . The event was the second night of what was billed as a `` triple-header '' at Barclays Center , with NXT TakeOver : Brooklyn having taken place the previous night , and Raw the following night . Ten matches were contested at the event , with no pre-show . In the main event , The Undertaker defeated Brock Lesnar in controversial fashion ; Lesnar put Undertaker in his Kimura lock and the timekeeper rang the bell after seeing the Undertaker supposedly indicating submission , but since the referee had n't seen a submission and never stopped the match , the match continued . The confusion allowed Undertaker to surprise Lesnar with a low blow before trapping him in the Hell 's Gate submission hold , during which Lesnar passed out to give Undertaker the win . ", "Events in the year 2017 in the United Arab Emirates . ", "The 2015 Commonwealth Law Conference was held in Glasgow , Scotland , in April 2015 . The scandal of the conference occurred early when Julian Assange was to address the Conference , and various law lords became aware and opted to not be part of the conference . ", "The Men 's omnium event of the 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships was held on 20 -- 21 February 2015 . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Andrea_Pirlo", "Andrea_Bianchimano", "Andrea_Arrighini", "Simone_Andrea_Ganz", "Giancarlo_Marocchi" ]

[ "Andrea Pirlo , Ufficiale OMRI -LRB- born 19 May 1979 -RRB- is an Italian professional footballer who plays for American club New York City FC and the Italy national team . Pirlo is usually deployed as a deep-lying playmaker in midfield for both his club and national sides , and he is widely regarded as one of the greatest ever exponents of this position , due to his vision , ball control , creativity and passing ability ; he is also a free-kick specialist . Pirlo began his club career as an attacking midfielder with his home-town side Brescia , where he later helped the team to win the Serie B title and obtain Serie A promotion in 1997 . His promising performances led to a move to Internazionale in 1998 , but he struggled to gain playing time at his new club , due to his lack of pace , as well as heavy competition with other players in his position , and was subsequently sent on loan in 1999 . Despite successful spells with Reggina , and Brescia once again , Pirlo was still unable to break into Inter 's starting line-up , and was sold to cross-city rivals Milan in 2001 . At Milan , manager Carlo Ancelotti decided to shift Pirlo in front of the defence as a deep-lying playmaker , which allowed him more time on the ball to orchestrate his team 's attacks . Pirlo excelled in his new role , and soon developed into a world-class midfielder , playing a key role in Milan 's subsequent successes , as he won two UEFA Champions Leagues -LRB- 2003 and 2007 -RRB- , two UEFA Super Cups -LRB- 2003 and 2007 -RRB- , two Serie A titles -LRB- 2004 and 2011 -RRB- , a FIFA Club World Cup -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , a Supercoppa Italiana -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , and a Coppa Italia -LRB- 2003 -RRB- with the club . After joining Juventus on a free transfer in 2011 , who had gone trophyless since 2003 , he added four more Serie A titles -LRB- 2012 , 2013 , 2014 , and 2015 -RRB- , which he won consecutively , as well as two Supercoppa Italiana titles -LRB- 2012 and 2013 -RRB- , and a Coppa Italia -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . After playing in Italy for over 20 seasons , Pirlo joined MLS expansion side New York City FC in 2015 , helping the team to reach the playoffs in his second season . At international level , Pirlo is the fourth-most capped player in the history of the Italian national team with 116 caps . He has played for the Italian youth teams at U15 , U18 and U21 level , captaining and leading the latter to victory in the 2000 UEFA European Under-21 Championship as the Golden Player and Top Scorer of the tournament . He joined the Italian senior side in September 2002 and captained the Olympic team to a bronze medal in the 2004 Olympics . Later , he was instrumental in their victory in the 2006 FIFA World Cup . He was named Man of the Match three times , including the final , more than any other player in the tournament , and ultimately won the Bronze Ball -LRB- awarded to the third best player of the tournament -RRB- also being elected to the Team of the Tournament . He was also elected as part of the UEFA Euro 2012 Team of the Tournament , after leading Italy to the final , winning three Man of the Match awards in the process , the most of any player along with Andrés Iniesta . He has also represented the Italian senior side at the 2004 and 2008 UEFA European Championships , the 2010 and 2014 FIFA World Cups , and the 2009 and 2013 FIFA Confederations Cups , finishing third in the latter edition in Brazil , where he was also elected to the Team of the Tournament . Pirlo came in third , second , fourth , and third twice more in the IFFHS World Playmaker of the Year awards in 2006 , 2007 , 2012 , 2013 , and 2015 , respectively . He placed fourth in the 2012 UEFA Best Player in Europe Award , and seventh in the 2015 edition . He placed 7th in the 2007 FIFA World Player , 5th in the 2007 Ballon d'Or and 7th in the 2012 FIFA Ballon d'Or award . He was also named as part of the 2006 FIFPro World XI and the 2012 UEFA Team of the Year . In 2012 , 2013 , and 2014 , Pirlo was also elected as Serie A Footballer of the Year , and was also named as part of the Serie A team of the Year . After helping Juventus to the 2015 UEFA Champions League Final , he was named to the squad of the season . In 2012 , Pirlo was named the eighth best footballer in the World by The Guardian , and in 2013 , Bloomberg ranked him the fifth best player in Europe . In 2015 , France Football rated him as one of the 10 best footballers in the world who are over the age of 36 . ", "Andrea Bianchimano -LRB- born 25 December 1996 -RRB- is an Italian professional football striker who plays for Reggina , on loan from Milan . ", "Andrea Arrighini -LRB- born 6 June 1990 -RRB- is an Italian footballer who plays for Cittadella , on loan from Avellino . ", "Simone Andrea Ganz -LRB- born 21 September 1993 -RRB- is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Hellas Verona on loan from Juventus . He is the son of former footballer Maurizio Ganz . ", "Giancarlo Marocchi -LRB- born 4 July 1965 in Imola -RRB- is a former Italian footballer , who played as a central midfielder . Throughout his club career , he played for Juventus , the club with which he won a Scudetto , two Coppe Italia , one UEFA Champions League , and two UEFA Cups ; he also played for his home-town club Bologna , on two separate occasions . At international level , he represented Italy at the 1990 FIFA World Cup , where they finished in third place on home soil . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Little_Prince_-LRB-2015_film-RRB-", "The_Secret_princess", "Om_Shanti_Om", "Prince_Vaali", "My_Little_Princess" ]

[ "The Little Prince is a 2015 English-language French-Italian 3D animated fantasy adventure family drama film directed by Mark Osborne and based on the 1943 novel of the same name by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry . It is the first adaptation as a full-length animated feature of The Little Prince . The film relates the story of the book using stop motion animation which is woven into a computer animated framing narrative about a young girl who has just met the book 's now-elderly aviator narrator who tells her the story of his meeting with the Little Prince in the Sahara Desert . The film stars the voices of Jeff Bridges , Rachel McAdams , Paul Rudd , Bud Cort , Marion Cotillard , Benicio del Toro , James Franco , Ricky Gervais , Paul Giamatti , Riley Osborne , Albert Brooks and Mackenzie Foy . It was produced by Dimitri Rassam , Aton Soumache and Alexis Vonarb , and written by Irena Brignull and Bob Persichetti with music by Hans Zimmer and Richard Harvey . The film premiered on 22 May 2015 at the 68th Cannes Film Festival in an out-of-competition screening , followed by a wide release in France on 29 July by Paramount Pictures . The US theatrical release was set for a release date of 18 March 2016 in RealD 3D , but was dropped mysteriously . Netflix later acquired the US distribution rights and released it on 5 August 2016 . The film has received positive reviews , earning praise for its style of animation and homage paid to the source material and earned $ 97.6 million on a $ 77.5 million budget , becoming the most successful French animated film abroad of all time . ", "The Secret Princess is a 2016 feature animated family film written and directed by Segun Williams . The film was released on February 14 , 2016 and stars Cuppy Otedola , Desmond Elliot , Robert H. Wainwright , and Sherrie Silver . The film is arguably Sub-Saharan Africa 's first feature length computer generated animated family film outside of South Africa . ", "Om Shanti Om is a 2007 Indian romantic musical film co-written , choreographed and directed by Farah Khan . It stars Shah Rukh Khan and debutant Deepika Padukone in the lead roles while Arjun Rampal , Shreyas Talpade , and Kirron Kher feature in supporting roles . More than forty-two well-known Hindi movie stars appear in the course of the film , including thirty of them -LRB- not including the stars of the film -RRB- in one song alone . The film is set in the 1970s and 2000s ; it pays tribute to , and pokes fun at , the Indian film industry of both these eras . The film was released in 2,000 prints worldwide making it the largest Indian cinematic release at the time . Om Shanti Om was released on 9 November 2007 to universal acclaim from critics and record-breaking box office collections . It grossed 1.50 billion worldwide and thus became the highest-grossing Hindi film at the time of its release . ", "Prince Vaali is an upcoming Hollywood superhero action film written by and directed by Vishnu Tanay . Prince Vaali is planned to be released in both conventional and IMAX theatres , date has to be announced . ", "My Little Princess is a 2011 French-Romanian drama film directed by Eva Ionesco and inspired by her relationship with her mother , the well-known artistic photographer Irina Ionesco whose pictures of her young daughter aroused discussions when they were published back in the 1970s . The film illustrates a situation which at first glance seems to be a paradox : whilst revealing more and more of her daughter to the public the mother seems to get increasingly estranged from her and vice versa . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "China", "Communist_Party_of_China", "Republic_of_China_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics", "Caribbean–China_relations", "Han_dynasty" ]

[ "China , officially the People 's Republic of China -LRB- PRC -RRB- , is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia and the world 's most populous country , with a population of over 1.381 billion . Covering approximately 9.6 e6km2 , China is the world 's second-largest state by land area and third - or fourth-largest by total area . Governed by the Communist Party of China , it exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces , five autonomous regions , four direct-controlled municipalities -LRB- Beijing , Tianjin , Shanghai and Chongqing -RRB- and the Special Administrative Regions Hong Kong and Macau , also claiming sovereignty over Taiwan . China is a great power and a major regional power within Asia , and has been characterized as a potential superpower . China emerged as one of the world 's earliest civilizations in the fertile basin of the Yellow River in the North China Plain . For millennia , China 's political system was based on hereditary monarchies , or dynasties , beginning with the legendary Xia dynasty . Since 221 , when the Qin dynasty conquered the other largest six states to form the first unified Chinese empire , China has then expanded , fractured and re-unified numerous times in the following millennia . In 1912 , the Republic of China -LRB- ROC -RRB- replaced the last dynasty and ruled the Chinese mainland until 1949 , when it was defeated by the communist People 's Liberation Army in the Chinese Civil War . The Communist Party established the People 's Republic of China in Beijing on 1 October 1949 , while the ROC government relocated to Taiwan with its present de facto temporary capital in Taipei . Both the ROC and PRC continue to claim to be the legitimate government of all China , though the latter has more recognition in the world and controls more territory . China has had the largest economy in the world for much of the last two thousand years , during which it has seen cycles of prosperity and decline . Since the introduction of economic reforms in 1978 , China has become one of the world 's fastest-growing major economies . , it is the world 's second-largest economy by nominal GDP and largest by purchasing power parity -LRB- PPP -RRB- . China is also the world 's largest exporter and second-largest importer of goods . China is a recognized nuclear weapons state and has the world 's largest standing army and second-largest defense budget . The PRC is a member of the United Nations , as it replaced the ROC as a permanent member of the U.N. Security Council in 1971 . China is also a member of numerous formal and informal multilateral organizations , including the WTO , APEC , BRICS , the Shanghai Cooperation Organization -LRB- SCO -RRB- , the BCIM and the G-20 . ", "The Communist Party of China -LRB- CPC -RRB- is the founding and ruling political party of the People 's Republic of China -LRB- PRC -RRB- . The CPC is the sole governing party of China , although it coexists alongside eight other legal parties that make up the United Front ; these parties , however , hold no real power or independence from the CPC . It was founded in 1921 , chiefly by Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao . The party grew quickly , and by 1949 the CPC had driven the nationalist Kuomintang -LRB- KMT -RRB- government from mainland China after the Chinese Civil War , thus leading to the establishment of the People 's Republic of China . The CPC is currently the world 's second largest political party with a membership of 88.76 million as of 2016 -LRB- while the Indian Bharatiya Janata Party appears to have remained the largest with a membership of 110 million as of the previous year , 2015 -RRB- . It also controls the world 's largest armed force , the People 's Liberation Army . The CPC is , officially , organized on the basis of democratic centralism , a principle conceived by Russian Marxist theoretician Vladimir Lenin which entails democratic and open discussion on policy on the condition of unity in upholding the agreed upon policies . The highest body of the CPC is the National Congress , convened every fifth year . When the National Congress is not in session , the Central Committee is the highest body , but since the body meets normally only once a year , most duties and responsibilities are vested in the Politburo and its Standing Committee . The party 's leader holds the offices of General Secretary -LRB- responsible for civilian party duties -RRB- , Chairman of the Central Military Commission -LRB- CMC -RRB- -LRB- responsible for military affairs -RRB- and State President -LRB- a largely ceremonial position -RRB- . Through these posts the party leader is the country 's paramount leader . The current party leader is Xi Jinping , elected at the 18th National Congress -LRB- held in 2012 -RRB- . The CPC is still committed to communist thought and continues to participate in the International Meeting of Communist and Workers ' Parties each year . According to the party constitution the CPC adheres to Marxism -- Leninism , Mao Zedong Thought , socialism with Chinese characteristics , Deng Xiaoping Theory , Three Represents and the Scientific Outlook on Development . The official explanation for China 's economic reforms is that the country is in the primary stage of socialism , a developmental stage similar to the capitalist mode of production . The planned economy established under Mao Zedong was replaced by the socialist market economy , the current economic system , on the basis that `` Practice is the Sole Criterion for the Truth '' -LRB- i.e. the planned economy was deemed inefficient -RRB- . Since the collapse of Eastern European communist regimes in 1989 -- 1990 and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 , the CPC has emphasized its party-to-party relations with the ruling parties of the remaining socialist states . While the CPC still maintains party-to-party relations with non-ruling communist parties around the world , since the 1980s it has established relations with several non-communist parties , most notably with ruling parties of one-party states -LRB- whatever their ideology -RRB- , dominant parties in democratic systems -LRB- whatever their ideology -RRB- , and social democratic parties . ", "The Republic of China -LRB- Taiwan -RRB- competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich for the last time as the `` Republic of China '' . The ROC would not return to the Olympics until 1984 and under the name `` Chinese Taipei '' due to objections by the People 's Republic of China over the political status of Taiwan . The PRC , amid the height of the Cultural Revolution , boycotted the Olympics due to the ROC participation under the name `` Republic of China '' . 21 competitors , 15 men and 6 women , took part in 41 events in 10 sports . ", "Caribbean regional relations with China are mostly based on trade , credits , and investments , which have increased significantly since the 1990s . For many Caribbean nations , the increasing ties with China have been used as a way to decrease long time over-dependence on the United States . The Overseas Chinese population , in this case Chinese Caribbeans , help make the connections with trade and political links . Additionally , China 's policy in the region has been the use of `` dollar diplomacy '' or the attempts to switch several nations from recognizing Taiwan as an independent nation , towards the recognition of the `` One China '' policy , in exchange for Chinese investment . Outside of China 's stated position on where it stands about Taiwan , trade between China and the Caribbean region has been steadily increasing . China has also expanded several levels of cooperation with the Caribbean region . China and the Government of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago were said to have formed an agreement where asphalt from Trinidad and Tobago would be exported to China during its construction boom in preparation for the 2008 Beijing Olympics . In exchange , China has led several construction projects in Trinidad and Tobago and the Caribbean region via Chinese owned construction companies . Trinidad and Tobago has also mooted the idea of starting direct shipments of oil and liquid natural gas direct from Trinidad and Tobago to China , to fuel the later 's growing need for resources to fuel their economy . As the Caribbean political heads of government have had several messy run-ins with the Bush administration in the United States with respect to recent demands , China has been more sympathetic to the Caribbean position globally and has stepped up military training exercises in the Caribbean for example in direct response to several sanctions placed on governments in the Caribbean region for not following the wishes of the Bush administration . Several capital-works or infrastructural projects across the Caribbean region have also been financed by the Chinese government . ", "The Han dynasty was the second imperial dynasty of China -LRB- 206 BC -- 220 AD -RRB- , preceded by the Qin dynasty -LRB- 221 -- 206 BC -RRB- and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period -LRB- 220 -- 280 AD -RRB- . Spanning over four centuries , the Han period is considered a golden age in Chinese history . To this day , China 's majority ethnic group refers to themselves as the `` Han people '' and the Chinese script is referred to as `` Han characters '' . It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang , known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han , and briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty -LRB- 9 -- 23 AD -RRB- of the former regent Wang Mang . This interregnum separates the Han dynasty into two periods : the Western Han or Former Han -LRB- 206 BC -- 9 AD -RRB- and the Eastern Han or Later Han -LRB- 25 -- 220 AD -RRB- . The emperor was at the pinnacle of Han society . He presided over the Han government but shared power with both the nobility and appointed ministers who came largely from the scholarly gentry class . The Han Empire was divided into areas directly controlled by the central government using an innovation inherited from the Qin known as commanderies , and a number of semi-autonomous kingdoms . These kingdoms gradually lost all vestiges of their independence , particularly following the Rebellion of the Seven States . From the reign of Emperor Wu -LRB- r. 141 -- 87 BC -RRB- onward , the Chinese court officially sponsored Confucianism in education and court politics , synthesized with the cosmology of later scholars such as Dong Zhongshu . This policy endured until the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911 AD . The Han dynasty was an age of economic prosperity and saw a significant growth of the money economy first established during the Zhou dynasty -LRB- c. 1050 -- 256 BC -RRB- . The coinage issued by the central government mint in 119 BC remained the standard coinage of China until the Tang dynasty -LRB- 618 -- 907 AD -RRB- . The period saw a number of limited institutional innovations . To pay for its military campaigns and the settlement of newly conquered frontier territories , the government nationalized the private salt and iron industries in 117 BC , but these government monopolies were repealed during the Eastern Han period . Science and technology during the Han period saw significant advances , including papermaking , the nautical steering rudder , the use of negative numbers in mathematics , the raised-relief map , the hydraulic-powered armillary sphere for astronomy , and a seismometer employing an inverted pendulum . The Xiongnu , a nomadic steppe confederation , defeated the Han in 200 BC and forced the Han to submit as a de facto inferior partner , but continued their raids on the Han borders . Emperor Wu launched several military campaigns against them . The ultimate Han victory in these wars eventually forced the Xiongnu to accept vassal status as Han tributaries . These campaigns expanded Han sovereignty into the Tarim Basin of Central Asia , divided the Xiongnu into two separate confederations , and helped establish the vast trade network known as the Silk Road , which reached as far as the Mediterranean world . The territories north of Han 's borders were quickly overrun by the nomadic Xianbei confederation . Emperor Wu also launched successful military expeditions in the south , annexing Nanyue in 111 BC and Dian in 109 BC , and in the Korean Peninsula where the Xuantu and Lelang Commanderies were established in 108 BC . After 92 AD , the palace eunuchs increasingly involved themselves in court politics , engaging in violent power struggles between the various consort clans of the empresses and empresses dowager , causing the Han 's ultimate downfall . Imperial authority was also seriously challenged by large Daoist religious societies which instigated the Yellow Turban Rebellion and the Five Pecks of Rice Rebellion . Following the death of Emperor Ling -LRB- r. 168 -- 189 AD -RRB- , the palace eunuchs suffered wholesale massacre by military officers , allowing members of the aristocracy and military governors to become warlords and divide the empire . When Cao Pi , King of Wei , usurped the throne from Emperor Xian , the Han dynasty ceased to exist . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Floyd_Mayweather_Jr.", "Wilson_Rodriguez", "Men's_Low-Kick_at_WAKO_World_Championships_2007_Belgrade_-67_kg", "List_of_WWC_Universal_Heavyweight_Champions", "Nonito_Donaire" ]

[ "Floyd Joy Mayweather Jr. -LRB- born Floyd Joy Sinclair ; February 24 , 1977 -RRB- is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1996 to 2015 , and currently works as a boxing promoter . Widely considered to be one of the greatest boxers of all time , undefeated as a professional , and a five-division world champion , Mayweather won fifteen world titles and the lineal championship in four different weight classes -LRB- twice at welterweight -RRB- . As an amateur , he won a bronze medal in the featherweight division at the 1996 Olympics . Mayweather is a two-time winner of The Ring magazine 's Fighter of the Year award -LRB- 1998 and 2007 -RRB- , a three-time winner of the Boxing Writers Association of America -LRB- BWAA -RRB- Fighter of the Year award -LRB- 2007 , 2013 , and 2015 -RRB- , and a six-time winner of the Best Fighter ESPY Award -LRB- 2007 -- 2010 , 2012 -- 2014 -RRB- . In 2016 , Mayweather was ranked by ESPN as the greatest boxer , pound for pound , of the last 25 years . In the same year , he peaked as BoxRec 's number one fighter of all time , pound for pound , as well as the greatest welterweight of all time . Many sporting news and boxing websites ranked Mayweather as the best boxer in the world , pound for pound , twice in a span of ten years ; including The Ring , Sports Illustrated , ESPN , BoxRec , Fox Sports , and Yahoo! Sports . He is also regarded as the best defensive boxer in the sport , as well as being the most accurate puncher since the existence of CompuBox , having the highest plus -- minus ratio in recorded boxing history . He finished his career with a record of 26 wins without a loss or draw in world title fights -LRB- 10 by KO -RRB- ; 23 wins -LRB- 9 KOs -RRB- in lineal title fights ; 24 wins -LRB- 7 KOs -RRB- against former or current world titlists ; 12 wins -LRB- 3 KOs -RRB- against former or current lineal champions ; and 2 wins -LRB- 1 KO -RRB- against International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees . In addition to his accomplishments in the ring , Mayweather is well known for being one of the most lucrative pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- attractions of all time , in any sport . He topped the Forbes and Sports Illustrated lists of the 50 highest-paid athletes of 2012 and 2013 respectively , and the Forbes list again in both 2014 and 2015 , listing him as the highest paid athlete in the world . In 2007 , he founded Mayweather Promotions , his own boxing promotional firm after defecting from Bob Arum 's Top Rank . Mayweather has generated approximately 19.5 million in PPV buys and $ 1.3 billion in revenue throughout his career , surpassing the likes of former top PPV attractions including Mike Tyson , Evander Holyfield , Lennox Lewis , Oscar De La Hoya , and Manny Pacquiao . ", "Wilson Rodríguez -LRB- born 1966-02-04 in Santiago , Dominican Republic -RRB- is a retired professional boxer , best known for his 1996 fight with Arturo Gatti -LRB- a runner up for Ring Magazine 's 1996 Fight of the Year -RRB- and his reign as IBF Inter-Continental super featherweight titleholder , which he successfully defended 6 times . His career record was 48 wins , 10 losses , 3 draws . A very good fighter , just outside the top tier for that division at the time , he nonetheless had numerous high profile title fights with John John Molina , Arturo Gatti , and Angel Manfredy . ", "The men 's welterweight -LRB- 67 kg/147 .4 lbs -RRB- Low-Kick category at the W.A.K.O. World Championships 2007 in Belgrade was the sixth lightest of the male Low-Kick tournaments , involving seventeen fighters from two continents -LRB- Europe and Asia -RRB- . Each of the matches was three rounds of two minutes each and were fought under Low-Kick rules . As there were too few competitors for a thirty-two man tournament , fifteen of the fighters had byes to the second round . The tournament winner was Russian Nikolay Shtakhanov who won gold by defeating Turkey 's Yahya Alemdag by unanimous decision in their final match . Serb Nebojsa Denic and Azerbaijani Ramil Nadirov won bronze medals for reaching the semi finals . ", "The WWC Universal Heavyweight Championship is a professional wrestling championship owned by the World Wrestling Council -LRB- WWC -RRB- promotion . Locally , it is exclusively defended in WWC , but has made several appearances in foreign promotions during international tours . Being a professional wrestling championship , it is won via a scripted ending to a match or awarded to a wrestler because of a storyline . All but two of the title changes have occurred at WWC-promoted events , with the exceptions taking place at events hosted by International Championship Wrestling -LRB- ICW -RRB- and the International Wrestling Association -LRB- IWA -RRB- . Title changes that occur on WWC 's television program Súperestrellas de la Lucha Libre usually air on tape delay and as such are listed with the day the tapings occurred , rather than the air date . The title was introduced as a plot device to promote the return of Abdullah the Butcher on July 21 , 1982 , and was originally named the `` Capitol Sports Promotions -LRB- CSP -RRB- World Heavyweight Championship '' . Within a year , the title was renamed `` CSP Universal Heavyweight Championship '' following a storyline where titlist Carlos Colón defeated NWA World Heavyweight Champion Ric Flair in a match to determine which title had supremacy . When CSP reorganized and adopted the name of WWC , the championship 's acronym was changed along it . It has remained under this name ever since , but due to copyright concerns it was briefly renamed `` Capitol Heavyweight Championship '' when the IWA gained possession of the belt on January 6 , 2008 . The inaugural champion was Abdullah the Butcher . The current champion is Carly Colón , who won the title on March 6 , 2016 at a television taping for Superestrellas de la Lucha Libre . Carlos Colón , Sr. has held the title the most , with 26 reigns . The longest reign in the title history is Colón , Sr. 's second reign at days . Carly Colón 's 11th and the only reigns of Vampiro and Lance Hoyt are tied for the record of shortest reign in the title 's history , lasting less than one day . Carlos Colón holds the record for combined days as champion , with 3,945 . Overall , there have been 140 reigns shared among 49 wrestlers , not including one expunged reign and one unofficial title change , with 35 vacancies totaling 1,010 Days . ", "Nonito Gonzales Donaire Jr. -LRB- -LSB- noniˈto donajˈɾe -RSB- ; ; born November 16 , 1982 -RRB- is a Filipino-American professional boxer . He is a former four-weight world champion , having held the IBF flyweight title from 2007 to 2009 ; the unified WBC and WBO bantamweight titles in 2011 ; the IBF super bantamweight title in 2012 ; the WBO super bantamweight title twice , from 2012 to 2013 and 2015 to 2016 ; and the WBA -LRB- Undisputed -RRB- featherweight title in 2014 . In total , Donaire has held seven world titles by the main four boxing sanctioning bodies , as well as the IBO flyweight title from 2007 to 2009 ; the WBA interim super flyweight title from 2009 to 2010 ; and the Ring magazine and lineal super bantamweight titles from 2012 to 2013 . He is popularly known as `` The Filipino Flash '' due to his exceptionally fast hand speed and formidable punching power . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Floyd_Mayweather_Jr.", "Wilson_Rodriguez", "Men's_Low-Kick_at_WAKO_World_Championships_2007_Belgrade_-67_kg", "List_of_WWC_Universal_Heavyweight_Champions", "Nonito_Donaire" ]

[ "Floyd Joy Mayweather Jr. -LRB- born Floyd Joy Sinclair ; February 24 , 1977 -RRB- is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1996 to 2015 , and currently works as a boxing promoter . Widely considered to be one of the greatest boxers of all time , undefeated as a professional , and a five-division world champion , Mayweather won fifteen world titles and the lineal championship in four different weight classes -LRB- twice at welterweight -RRB- . As an amateur , he won a bronze medal in the featherweight division at the 1996 Olympics . Mayweather is a two-time winner of The Ring magazine 's Fighter of the Year award -LRB- 1998 and 2007 -RRB- , a three-time winner of the Boxing Writers Association of America -LRB- BWAA -RRB- Fighter of the Year award -LRB- 2007 , 2013 , and 2015 -RRB- , and a six-time winner of the Best Fighter ESPY Award -LRB- 2007 -- 2010 , 2012 -- 2014 -RRB- . In 2016 , Mayweather was ranked by ESPN as the greatest boxer , pound for pound , of the last 25 years . In the same year , he peaked as BoxRec 's number one fighter of all time , pound for pound , as well as the greatest welterweight of all time . Many sporting news and boxing websites ranked Mayweather as the best boxer in the world , pound for pound , twice in a span of ten years ; including The Ring , Sports Illustrated , ESPN , BoxRec , Fox Sports , and Yahoo! Sports . He is also regarded as the best defensive boxer in the sport , as well as being the most accurate puncher since the existence of CompuBox , having the highest plus -- minus ratio in recorded boxing history . He finished his career with a record of 26 wins without a loss or draw in world title fights -LRB- 10 by KO -RRB- ; 23 wins -LRB- 9 KOs -RRB- in lineal title fights ; 24 wins -LRB- 7 KOs -RRB- against former or current world titlists ; 12 wins -LRB- 3 KOs -RRB- against former or current lineal champions ; and 2 wins -LRB- 1 KO -RRB- against International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees . In addition to his accomplishments in the ring , Mayweather is well known for being one of the most lucrative pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- attractions of all time , in any sport . He topped the Forbes and Sports Illustrated lists of the 50 highest-paid athletes of 2012 and 2013 respectively , and the Forbes list again in both 2014 and 2015 , listing him as the highest paid athlete in the world . In 2007 , he founded Mayweather Promotions , his own boxing promotional firm after defecting from Bob Arum 's Top Rank . Mayweather has generated approximately 19.5 million in PPV buys and $ 1.3 billion in revenue throughout his career , surpassing the likes of former top PPV attractions including Mike Tyson , Evander Holyfield , Lennox Lewis , Oscar De La Hoya , and Manny Pacquiao . ", "Wilson Rodríguez -LRB- born 1966-02-04 in Santiago , Dominican Republic -RRB- is a retired professional boxer , best known for his 1996 fight with Arturo Gatti -LRB- a runner up for Ring Magazine 's 1996 Fight of the Year -RRB- and his reign as IBF Inter-Continental super featherweight titleholder , which he successfully defended 6 times . His career record was 48 wins , 10 losses , 3 draws . A very good fighter , just outside the top tier for that division at the time , he nonetheless had numerous high profile title fights with John John Molina , Arturo Gatti , and Angel Manfredy . ", "The men 's welterweight -LRB- 67 kg/147 .4 lbs -RRB- Low-Kick category at the W.A.K.O. World Championships 2007 in Belgrade was the sixth lightest of the male Low-Kick tournaments , involving seventeen fighters from two continents -LRB- Europe and Asia -RRB- . Each of the matches was three rounds of two minutes each and were fought under Low-Kick rules . As there were too few competitors for a thirty-two man tournament , fifteen of the fighters had byes to the second round . The tournament winner was Russian Nikolay Shtakhanov who won gold by defeating Turkey 's Yahya Alemdag by unanimous decision in their final match . Serb Nebojsa Denic and Azerbaijani Ramil Nadirov won bronze medals for reaching the semi finals . ", "The WWC Universal Heavyweight Championship is a professional wrestling championship owned by the World Wrestling Council -LRB- WWC -RRB- promotion . Locally , it is exclusively defended in WWC , but has made several appearances in foreign promotions during international tours . Being a professional wrestling championship , it is won via a scripted ending to a match or awarded to a wrestler because of a storyline . All but two of the title changes have occurred at WWC-promoted events , with the exceptions taking place at events hosted by International Championship Wrestling -LRB- ICW -RRB- and the International Wrestling Association -LRB- IWA -RRB- . Title changes that occur on WWC 's television program Súperestrellas de la Lucha Libre usually air on tape delay and as such are listed with the day the tapings occurred , rather than the air date . The title was introduced as a plot device to promote the return of Abdullah the Butcher on July 21 , 1982 , and was originally named the `` Capitol Sports Promotions -LRB- CSP -RRB- World Heavyweight Championship '' . Within a year , the title was renamed `` CSP Universal Heavyweight Championship '' following a storyline where titlist Carlos Colón defeated NWA World Heavyweight Champion Ric Flair in a match to determine which title had supremacy . When CSP reorganized and adopted the name of WWC , the championship 's acronym was changed along it . It has remained under this name ever since , but due to copyright concerns it was briefly renamed `` Capitol Heavyweight Championship '' when the IWA gained possession of the belt on January 6 , 2008 . The inaugural champion was Abdullah the Butcher . The current champion is Carly Colón , who won the title on March 6 , 2016 at a television taping for Superestrellas de la Lucha Libre . Carlos Colón , Sr. has held the title the most , with 26 reigns . The longest reign in the title history is Colón , Sr. 's second reign at days . Carly Colón 's 11th and the only reigns of Vampiro and Lance Hoyt are tied for the record of shortest reign in the title 's history , lasting less than one day . Carlos Colón holds the record for combined days as champion , with 3,945 . Overall , there have been 140 reigns shared among 49 wrestlers , not including one expunged reign and one unofficial title change , with 35 vacancies totaling 1,010 Days . ", "Nonito Gonzales Donaire Jr. -LRB- -LSB- noniˈto donajˈɾe -RSB- ; ; born November 16 , 1982 -RRB- is a Filipino-American professional boxer . He is a former four-weight world champion , having held the IBF flyweight title from 2007 to 2009 ; the unified WBC and WBO bantamweight titles in 2011 ; the IBF super bantamweight title in 2012 ; the WBO super bantamweight title twice , from 2012 to 2013 and 2015 to 2016 ; and the WBA -LRB- Undisputed -RRB- featherweight title in 2014 . In total , Donaire has held seven world titles by the main four boxing sanctioning bodies , as well as the IBO flyweight title from 2007 to 2009 ; the WBA interim super flyweight title from 2009 to 2010 ; and the Ring magazine and lineal super bantamweight titles from 2012 to 2013 . He is popularly known as `` The Filipino Flash '' due to his exceptionally fast hand speed and formidable punching power . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Joseph_Goebbels", "Göring_Telegram", "Joseph_Edmund_Jörg", "The_Town_-LRB-1945_film-RRB-", "Hossbach_Memorandum" ]

[ "Paul Joseph Goebbels -LRB- -LSB- ˈpʰaʊ̯l ˈjoːzəf ˈɡœbəls -RSB- ; 29 October 1897 -- 1 May 1945 -RRB- was a German politician and Reich Minister of Propaganda of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945 . He was one of Adolf Hitler 's close associates and most devoted followers , and was known for his skills in public speaking and his deep , virulent antisemitism , which was evident in his publicly voiced views . He advocated progressively harsher discrimination , including the extermination of the Jews in the Holocaust . Goebbels , who aspired to be an author , obtained a Doctor of Philosophy degree from the University of Heidelberg in 1921 . He joined the Nazi Party in 1924 , and worked with Gregor Strasser in their northern branch . He was appointed as Gauleiter -LRB- district leader -RRB- for Berlin in 1926 , where he began to take an interest in the use of propaganda to promote the party and its programme . After the Nazi Seizure of Power in 1933 , Goebbels ' Propaganda Ministry quickly gained and exerted controlling supervision over the news media , arts , and information in Germany . He was particularly adept at using the relatively new media of radio and film for propaganda purposes . Topics for party propaganda included antisemitism , attacks on the Christian churches , and -LRB- after the start of the Second World War -RRB- attempting to shape morale . In 1943 , Goebbels began to pressure Hitler to introduce measures that would produce total war , including closing businesses not essential to the war effort , conscripting women into the labour force , and enlisting men in previously exempt occupations into the Wehrmacht . Hitler finally appointed him as Reich Plenipotentiary for Total War on 23 July 1944 , whereby Goebbels undertook largely unsuccessful measures to increase the number of people available for armaments production and the Wehrmacht . As the war drew to a close and Nazi Germany faced defeat , Magda Goebbels and the Goebbels children joined him in Berlin . They moved into the underground Vorbunker , part of Hitler 's underground bunker complex , on 22 April 1945 . Hitler committed suicide on 30 April . In accordance with Hitler 's will , Goebbels succeeded him as Chancellor of Germany ; he served one day in this post . The following day , Goebbels and his wife committed suicide , after poisoning their six children with cyanide . ", "The Göring Telegram was a message sent by Adolf Hitler 's designated successor -- Hermann Göring -- on 23 April 1945 asking for permission to assume leadership of the crumbling Third Reich . The telegram caused Hitler to strip his hand-picked successor of power and appoint new political successors , Joseph Goebbels and Karl Dönitz . ", "Joseph Edmund Jörg -LRB- 23 December 1819 , Immenstadt , Bavaria -- 18 November 1901 , Landshut -RRB- was a Catholic historian and politician . The son of a subaltern , he first studied theology , then philology and history at Munich . He was a pupil of Johann Döllinger , and was for years his collaborator in his Geschichte der Reformation . In 1852 he was engaged in the Bavarian Record Office , and undertook in the same year the editorship of the Historisch-politische Blätter I which he retained -LRB- from 1857 with Franz Binder -RRB- till a short time before his death . For decades his `` Zeitläufte '' , which appeared in this periodical , attracted great attention . On account of his opposition to the Government , he was transferred to Neuburg an der Donau , but was elected in 1863 a substitute member of the Bavarian Lower House , to which he belonged till 1881 . He was promoted in 1866 to the position of district archivist in Landshut ; from 1868 to 1869 he was a member of the German Zollparlament , and from 1874 to 1879 a member of the German Reichstag . His first work , Deutschland in der Revolutionsperiode , 1522-26 -LRB- 1851 -RRB- , was a history of the German Peasants ' War . The later books , Geschichte des Protestantismus in seiner neuesten Entwickelung -LRB- 1858 -RRB- and Die Rene Aera in Preussen -LRB- 1860 -RRB- , are a collection of separate essays published in the paper Historisch-politische Blätter . He was interested in the development of socialism , and as early as 1867 his Geschichte der sozialpolitischen Parteien in Deutschland appeared , having originated in his `` Aphorisms '' on the socialist movement , published in the Historisch-politische Blätter . Jörg was a conservative , a convinced Bavarian monarchist and a determined opponent of the Bavarian Liberal Party and of the subordination of Bavaria to Prussia . The Bavarian `` Volkspartei '' -LRB- People 's Party -RRB- grew with his cooperation in a few years from a modest group to a majority in the House -LRB- 1869 -RRB- . Under King Maximilian II of Bavaria , Jorg was violently opposed to the ministry of von der Pfordten , as he was also to the alliance made with Prussia -LRB- 22 August -RRB- due to the war of 1866 . His address to the House in January , 1870 , occasioned the resignation of Prince Hohenlohe with a part of his cabinet . But henceforth events took their course uninfluenced by Jörg . At the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War , he advocated the armed neutrality of Bavaria , but was deserted in the House by a number of his party ; he was thus unable to prevent his country 's participation in the war and the entrance of Bavaria by the Treaty of Versailles , into the new state of Germany . However , he afterwards loyally accepted the new order of things . In the Reichstag his proposal to call a meeting of the committee for foreign affairs under the presidency of Bavaria gave rise to a violent conflict with Bismarck on 4 December 1874 . His attack on the Lutz ministry in 1875 failed because of the opposition of the Crown . He left the Reichstag in 1879 , and two years later the Bavarian House , thereby ending his public life . The last twenty years of his life were passed in Trausnitz Castle near Landshut -LRB- whence he was known as the `` Hermit of Trausnitz '' -RRB- , and the remainder of his days were devoted to his journalistic work amid his duties in the district archives of Landshut , and to writing his Memoirs . ", "The Town is a short propaganda film produced by the Office of War Information in 1945 . It was directed by Josef von Sternberg . ", "The Hossbach Memorandum was the summary of a meeting on 5 November 1937 between German dictator Adolf Hitler and his military and foreign policy leadership where Hitler 's future expansionist policies were outlined . The meeting marked a turning point in Hitler 's foreign policies , which then began to radicalize . According to the Memorandum , Hitler did not want war in 1939 with Britain and France . What he wanted was small wars of plunder to help support Germany 's struggling economy . The memorandum was named for the keeper of the minutes of the meeting , Hitler 's military adjutant , Colonel Count Friedrich Hossbach . Besides Colonel Hossbach and Hitler , those attending the meeting were : the Reich Foreign Minister , Baron Konstantin von Neurath ; the Reich War Minister , Field Marshal Werner von Blomberg ; the Army Commander , General Werner von Fritsch ; the Kriegsmarine Commander , Admiral Erich Raeder ; and the Luftwaffe Commander , Hermann Göring . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Lee_Daniels", "Chinatown_-LRB-1974_film-RRB-", "Love_Letters_-LRB-1984_film-RRB-", "Ang_Lee", "Four_Boys_and_a_Gun" ]

[ "Lee Louis Daniels -LRB- born December 24 , 1959 -RRB- is an American film and television producer and director . He produced Monster 's Ball and directed Precious , which received six Academy Award nominations , including Best Director ; the film won two of the awards . In 2012 , Daniels directed The Butler , a historical fiction drama featuring an ensemble cast portraying unique events on the 20th century presidents of the United States at the White House . Daniels is also a co-creator , executive producer and director of the television series Empire and Star , which debuted in 2015 and 2016 , respectively . ", "Chinatown is a 1974 American neo-noir mystery film , directed by Roman Polanski from a screenplay by Robert Towne , starring Jack Nicholson and Faye Dunaway . The film was inspired by the California Water Wars , a series of disputes over southern California water at the beginning of the 20th century , by which Los Angeles interests secured water rights in the Owens Valley . The Robert Evans production , a Paramount Pictures release , was the director 's last film in the United States and features many elements of film noir , particularly a multi-layered story that is part mystery and part psychological drama . In 1991 , the film was selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' and it is frequently listed as one of the greatest films of all-time . At the 47th Academy Awards , it was nominated for eleven Oscars , with Towne winning Best Original Screenplay . The Golden Globe Awards honored it for Best Drama , Best Director , Best Actor and Best Screenplay . The American Film Institute placed it second among mystery films in 2008 . A sequel , The Two Jakes , was released in 1990 , again starring Nicholson , who also directed , with Robert Towne returning to write the screenplay . The film failed to generate the acclaim of its predecessor . ", "Love Letters is a 1984 American romantic drama film starring Jamie Lee Curtis . The film is directed by Amy Holden Jones which Roger Corman agreed to finance following her success with The Slumber Party Massacre -LRB- 1982 -RRB- . ", "Ang Lee OBS -LRB- ; born October 23 , 1954 -RRB- is a Taiwanese film director , screenwriter and producer . Lee 's earlier films , such as The Wedding Banquet , Pushing Hands , and Eat Drink Man Woman explored the relationships and conflicts between tradition and modernity , Eastern and Western . Lee also deals with repressed , hidden emotions in many of his films , including Crouching Tiger , Hidden Dragon ; The Ice Storm ; Hulk ; and Brokeback Mountain . Lee 's work is known for its emotional charge , which critics believe is responsible for his success in offsetting cultural barriers and achieving international recognition . ", "Four Boys and a Gun is a 1957 American crime film directed by William Berke and written by Leo Townsend and Philip Yordan . The film stars Frank Sutton , Tarry Green , James Franciscus , William Hinnant , Otto Hulett and Robert Dryden . The film was released on January 11 , 1957 , by United Artists . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Lee_Daniels", "Chinatown_-LRB-1974_film-RRB-", "Love_Letters_-LRB-1984_film-RRB-", "Ang_Lee", "Four_Boys_and_a_Gun" ]

[ "Lee Louis Daniels -LRB- born December 24 , 1959 -RRB- is an American film and television producer and director . He produced Monster 's Ball and directed Precious , which received six Academy Award nominations , including Best Director ; the film won two of the awards . In 2012 , Daniels directed The Butler , a historical fiction drama featuring an ensemble cast portraying unique events on the 20th century presidents of the United States at the White House . Daniels is also a co-creator , executive producer and director of the television series Empire and Star , which debuted in 2015 and 2016 , respectively . ", "Chinatown is a 1974 American neo-noir mystery film , directed by Roman Polanski from a screenplay by Robert Towne , starring Jack Nicholson and Faye Dunaway . The film was inspired by the California Water Wars , a series of disputes over southern California water at the beginning of the 20th century , by which Los Angeles interests secured water rights in the Owens Valley . The Robert Evans production , a Paramount Pictures release , was the director 's last film in the United States and features many elements of film noir , particularly a multi-layered story that is part mystery and part psychological drama . In 1991 , the film was selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' and it is frequently listed as one of the greatest films of all-time . At the 47th Academy Awards , it was nominated for eleven Oscars , with Towne winning Best Original Screenplay . The Golden Globe Awards honored it for Best Drama , Best Director , Best Actor and Best Screenplay . The American Film Institute placed it second among mystery films in 2008 . A sequel , The Two Jakes , was released in 1990 , again starring Nicholson , who also directed , with Robert Towne returning to write the screenplay . The film failed to generate the acclaim of its predecessor . ", "Love Letters is a 1984 American romantic drama film starring Jamie Lee Curtis . The film is directed by Amy Holden Jones which Roger Corman agreed to finance following her success with The Slumber Party Massacre -LRB- 1982 -RRB- . ", "Ang Lee OBS -LRB- ; born October 23 , 1954 -RRB- is a Taiwanese film director , screenwriter and producer . Lee 's earlier films , such as The Wedding Banquet , Pushing Hands , and Eat Drink Man Woman explored the relationships and conflicts between tradition and modernity , Eastern and Western . Lee also deals with repressed , hidden emotions in many of his films , including Crouching Tiger , Hidden Dragon ; The Ice Storm ; Hulk ; and Brokeback Mountain . Lee 's work is known for its emotional charge , which critics believe is responsible for his success in offsetting cultural barriers and achieving international recognition . ", "Four Boys and a Gun is a 1957 American crime film directed by William Berke and written by Leo Townsend and Philip Yordan . The film stars Frank Sutton , Tarry Green , James Franciscus , William Hinnant , Otto Hulett and Robert Dryden . The film was released on January 11 , 1957 , by United Artists . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Lee_Daniels", "Chinatown_-LRB-1974_film-RRB-", "Love_Letters_-LRB-1984_film-RRB-", "Ang_Lee", "Four_Boys_and_a_Gun" ]

[ "Lee Louis Daniels -LRB- born December 24 , 1959 -RRB- is an American film and television producer and director . He produced Monster 's Ball and directed Precious , which received six Academy Award nominations , including Best Director ; the film won two of the awards . In 2012 , Daniels directed The Butler , a historical fiction drama featuring an ensemble cast portraying unique events on the 20th century presidents of the United States at the White House . Daniels is also a co-creator , executive producer and director of the television series Empire and Star , which debuted in 2015 and 2016 , respectively . ", "Chinatown is a 1974 American neo-noir mystery film , directed by Roman Polanski from a screenplay by Robert Towne , starring Jack Nicholson and Faye Dunaway . The film was inspired by the California Water Wars , a series of disputes over southern California water at the beginning of the 20th century , by which Los Angeles interests secured water rights in the Owens Valley . The Robert Evans production , a Paramount Pictures release , was the director 's last film in the United States and features many elements of film noir , particularly a multi-layered story that is part mystery and part psychological drama . In 1991 , the film was selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' and it is frequently listed as one of the greatest films of all-time . At the 47th Academy Awards , it was nominated for eleven Oscars , with Towne winning Best Original Screenplay . The Golden Globe Awards honored it for Best Drama , Best Director , Best Actor and Best Screenplay . The American Film Institute placed it second among mystery films in 2008 . A sequel , The Two Jakes , was released in 1990 , again starring Nicholson , who also directed , with Robert Towne returning to write the screenplay . The film failed to generate the acclaim of its predecessor . ", "Love Letters is a 1984 American romantic drama film starring Jamie Lee Curtis . The film is directed by Amy Holden Jones which Roger Corman agreed to finance following her success with The Slumber Party Massacre -LRB- 1982 -RRB- . ", "Ang Lee OBS -LRB- ; born October 23 , 1954 -RRB- is a Taiwanese film director , screenwriter and producer . Lee 's earlier films , such as The Wedding Banquet , Pushing Hands , and Eat Drink Man Woman explored the relationships and conflicts between tradition and modernity , Eastern and Western . Lee also deals with repressed , hidden emotions in many of his films , including Crouching Tiger , Hidden Dragon ; The Ice Storm ; Hulk ; and Brokeback Mountain . Lee 's work is known for its emotional charge , which critics believe is responsible for his success in offsetting cultural barriers and achieving international recognition . ", "Four Boys and a Gun is a 1957 American crime film directed by William Berke and written by Leo Townsend and Philip Yordan . The film stars Frank Sutton , Tarry Green , James Franciscus , William Hinnant , Otto Hulett and Robert Dryden . The film was released on January 11 , 1957 , by United Artists . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Baadshah_-LRB-2013_film-RRB-", "Barsaat_Ki_Raat", "Mafia_Raaj", "Bread_and_Milk", "Kuch_Kuch_Hota_Hai" ]

[ "For disambiguation , See Baadshah Baadshah -LRB- Emperor -RRB- is a 2013 Telugu action thriller film directed by Sreenu Vaitla . The film was produced by Bandla Ganesh under his Parameswara Art Productions banner . It stars Jr. . NTR and Kajal Aggarwal in the lead roles and is their second film together after Brindavanam . The soundtrack was composed by S. Thaman and this is his second collaboration with Sreenu Vaitla . Cinematography was handled by Jayanan Vincent , R D Rajasekhar and K V Guhan . The film was released worldwide on 5 April 2013 , receiving positive reviews from critics and recorded as Super Hit at the box-office . and was premiered at the Osaka Asian Film Festival 2014 held in Japan . The film was also dubbed into Hindi under the title Rowdy Baadshah by Goldmines TeleFilms . Baadshah released in 1550 Screens worldwide with 1200 Prints . Later , this movie was dubbed into Malayalam , Japanese , and Korean under the same name . ", "Barsaat Ki Raat -LRB- बरसात की रात Translated : ' A Rainy Night ' -RRB- is a 1960 Bollywood film starring Bharat Bhushan , Madhubala , Shyama , Mumtaz Begum and K.N. Singh . It was directed by P. L. Santoshi . This film was released in black-and-white . It became particularly popular for its qawwali songs and was one of the biggest hits at the box-office in 1960 . This is music director Roshan 's first big success ; almost all the film songs became hits . Barsaat Ki Raat was also one of the last films to star celebrated actress Madhubala . ", "Maafia Raaj is a 1998 Hindi-language Indian feature film directed by Yeshwantt , starring Mithun Chakraborty , Ayesha Jhulka , Shakti Kapoor and Sadashiv Amrapurkar ", "Bread and Milk -LRB- Slovene : Kruh in mleko -RRB- is a 2001 Slovene film directed by Jan Cvitkovič . It was Slovenia 's submission to the 74th Academy Awards for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film , but was not accepted as a nominee . ", "Kuch Kuch Hota Hai -LRB- English : Something Happens -RRB- also known as KKHH , is an Indian Hindi coming-of-age romantic comedy drama film , released in India and the United Kingdom on 16 October 1998 . It was written and directed by Karan Johar , and starred the popular on-screen pair of Shah Rukh Khan and Kajol in their fourth film together . Rani Mukerji featured in a supporting role , while Salman Khan also had an extended-cameo appearance . Sana Saeed , who was featured in a supporting role , made her film debut in this movie . Filmed in India , Mauritius , and Scotland , this was Karan Johar 's directorial debut . One of his goals for the film was to set a new level for style in Hindi cinema . The plot combines two love triangles set years apart . The first half covers friends on a college campus , while the second tells the story of a widower 's young daughter who tries to reunite her dad with his old friend . The film was extremely successful in India and abroad , becoming the highest-grossing Indian film of the year and the third highest-grossing Indian film ever behind Hum Aapke Hain Koun . . ! and Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge . Outside India , the film was the highest grossing Hindi film ever until its record was broken by Karan 's next directorial , Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham ... -LRB- 2001 -RRB- . Kuch Kuch Hota Hai received a positive reception from critics , with special praise directed to Kajol 's performance . The soundtrack also became the biggest seller of the year . The film won many major awards including the National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment and the `` Best Film '' honor at the Filmfare Awards , Zee Cine Awards , Screen Awards , and Bollywood Movie Awards . The film won 8 Filmfare Awards and is the only film in history to win all the four acting category awards at the ceremony -LRB- Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Supporting Actor & Best Supporting Actress -RRB- . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "John_S._McCain_Jr.", "John_Griggs", "William_Bee_Ravenel_III", "John_M._Brown_III", "USS_George_C._Marshall_-LRB-SSBN-654-RRB-" ]

[ "John Sidney `` Jack '' McCain Jr. -LRB- January 17 , 1911 -- March 22 , 1981 -RRB- was a United States Navy admiral , who served in conflicts from the 1940s through the 1970s , including as the Commander , United States Pacific Command . McCain grew up in Washington , D.C. , and graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1931 , after which he entered the submarine service . In World War II , he commanded submarines in several theaters of operation , was responsible for sinking several Japanese ships , and was decorated with both the Silver Star and Bronze Star . After the war , he held a variety of commands , specializing in amphibious warfare . He led the 1965 U.S. invasion of the Dominican Republic . He also served in several posts in Washington , including the Legislative Affairs Office and Chief of Naval Information , where he became influential in political affairs . He was a staunch anti-Communist , and was such an advocate of a strong naval presence that he became known as `` Mr. Seapower '' . During the Vietnam War , McCain was Commander-in-Chief , Pacific Command -LRB- CINCPAC -RRB- , commander of all U.S. forces in the Vietnam theater from 1968 to 1972 . He was a stalwart supporter of President Richard Nixon 's policy of Vietnamization . McCain played a significant role in the militarization of U.S. policy towards Cambodia , helping to convince Nixon to launch the 1970 Cambodian Incursion and establishing a personal relationship with Cambodian leader Lon Nol . McCain was also a proponent of the 1971 incursion into Laos . McCain retired from the Navy in 1972 . His father , John S. McCain Sr. , was also an admiral in the Navy and a naval aviator , and the two were the first father-son pair to achieve four-star rank . His son , John S. McCain III , is a former naval aviator who was a prisoner of war in North Vietnam during McCain 's time as CINCPAC , who retired with the rank of captain and then became a United States Senator and the 2008 Republican Party nominee for President of the United States . ", "John Griggs may refer to : John B. Griggs , American World War Two submarine officer John W. Griggs , American politician ", "William Bee Ravenel III -LRB- Aug 9 , 1914 -- May 12 , 1968 -RRB- was an educator and a soldier . As head of the English Department at the Episcopal High School in Alexandria , Virginia , he was a major influence on the life of Arizona senator and 2008 U.S. presidential candidate John McCain , who called Ravenel `` one of the finest men I have ever known '' . During World War II Maj. Ravenel received both the Silver Star and the Bronze Star with two Oak Leaf Clusters while serving in the 6th Armored Division of General George Patton 's Third Army . He became a Colonel in the U.S. Army Reserve while teaching at Episcopal High . Sen. McCain reflected on the positive impact Mr. Ravenel had on his life in an interview with the Harvard Mentoring Project of the Harvard School of Public Health : `` I have never forgotten the confidence his praise gave me . Nor did I ever forget the man who praised me . Years later , during the time I was imprisoned in Vietnam , I thought about Mr. Ravenel a lot . He was the one who reinforced in me the standards of honorable behavior . I was faced with several decisions and one in particular , would I accept an offer of the Vietnamese to go home early ? I thought about the fact that Mr. Ravenel had been in combat in World War II and thus had a feel for what I was involved in . And I really believed , as I thought about it and considered it , that Mr. Ravenel would n't look favorably upon such a decision , because it was not an honorable one . So , I refused the offer ... `` After I returned home , Mr. Ravenel was the only person outside of my family who I wanted to see , because his approval or disapproval of me was probably more important than anyone else 's in my life , outside of my father 's . I felt he was someone to whom I could explain what had happened to me , and who would understand . That is a high tribute to Mr. Ravenel . `` I regret that I was never able to pay him that tribute . Upon return I found that my mentor had passed on . Mr. Ravenel had died of a heart attack two years -LSB- sic -RSB- before my release from prison . He lived for only 53 years . His early death was a great loss to his family , friends , and students , and to everyone who had been blessed with his company ; a loss I found difficult to accept . `` Were William B. Ravenel the only person I remembered from high school , I would credit those days as among the best of my life . He was an inspirational man , and I was n't the only one that he inspired . His influence over my life , while perhaps not apparent to most who have observed its progress , was more important and more benevolent than that of any other person save members of my family . '' ", "John M. Brown III is a retired lieutenant general of the United States Army . He served as Commander of United States Army Pacific , headquartered at Fort Shafter , Hawaii , from August 25 , 2004 to February 1 , 2008 . He enlisted in the Army as an infantryman in 1969 and became an officer upon completion of Infantry Officer Candidate School in 1971 where he was commissioned a second lieutenant of Infantry . ", "USS George C. Marshall -LRB- SSBN-654 -RRB- , a ballistic missile submarine , was the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for General of the Army George C. Marshall -LRB- 1880-1959 -RRB- , who served as U.S. Secretary of State from 1947 to 1949 and as U.S. Secretary of Defense from 1950 to 1951 . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "George_IV_of_the_United_Kingdom", "George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom", "George_III,_Prince_of_Anhalt-Dessau", "Prince_Frederick,_Duke_of_York_and_Albany", "James_Francis_Edward_Stuart" ]

[ "George IV -LRB- George Augustus Frederick ; 12 August 1762 -- 26 June 1830 -RRB- was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and of Hanover following the death of his father , George III , on 29 January 1820 , until his own death ten years later . From 1811 until his accession , he served as Prince Regent during his father 's final mental illness . George IV led an extravagant lifestyle that contributed to the fashions of the Regency era . He was a patron of new forms of leisure , style and taste . He commissioned John Nash to build the Royal Pavilion in Brighton and remodel Buckingham Palace , and Sir Jeffry Wyattville to rebuild Windsor Castle . His charm and culture earned him the title `` the first gentleman of England '' , but his poor relationship with both his father and his wife , Caroline of Brunswick , and his dissolute way of life , earned him the contempt of the people and dimmed the prestige of the monarchy . He even forbade Caroline to attend his coronation and asked the government to introduce the unpopular Pains and Penalties Bill in a desperate , unsuccessful attempt to divorce her . For most of George 's regency and reign , Lord Liverpool controlled the government as Prime Minister , with little help from George . His ministers found his behaviour selfish , unreliable and irresponsible . At all times he was much under the influence of favourites . Taxpayers were angry at his wasteful spending at a time when Britons were fighting in the Napoleonic Wars . He did not provide national leadership in time of crisis , nor act as a role model for his people . Liverpool 's government presided over Britain 's ultimate victory , negotiated the peace settlement , and attempted to deal with the social and economic malaise that followed . After Liverpool 's retirement , George was forced to accept Catholic emancipation despite opposing it . His only child , Princess Charlotte , died before him in 1817 and so he was succeeded by his younger brother , William . ", "George III -LRB- George William Frederick ; 4 June 1738 -- 29 January 1820 -RRB- was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two countries on 1 January 1801 , after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death . He was concurrently Duke and prince-elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg -LRB- `` Hanover '' -RRB- in the Holy Roman Empire until his promotion to King of Hanover on 12 October 1814 . He was the third British monarch of the House of Hanover , but unlike his two predecessors he was born in Britain , spoke English as his first language , and never visited Hanover . His life and with it his reign , which were longer than any other British monarch before him , were marked by a series of military conflicts involving his kingdoms , much of the rest of Europe , and places farther afield in Africa , the Americas and Asia . Early in his reign , Great Britain defeated France in the Seven Years ' War , becoming the dominant European power in North America and India . However , many of Britain 's American colonies were soon lost in the American War of Independence . Further wars against revolutionary and Napoleonic France from 1793 concluded in the defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 . In the later part of his life , George III had recurrent , and eventually permanent , mental illness . Although it has since been suggested that he had the blood disease porphyria , the cause of his illness remains unknown . After a final relapse in 1810 , a regency was established , and George III 's eldest son , George , Prince of Wales , ruled as Prince Regent . On George III 's death , the Prince Regent succeeded his father as George IV . Historical analysis of George III 's life has gone through a `` kaleidoscope of changing views '' that have depended heavily on the prejudices of his biographers and the sources available to them . Until it was reassessed in the second half of the 20th century , his reputation in the United States was one of a tyrant ; and in Britain he became `` the scapegoat for the failure of imperialism '' . ", "George III , Prince of Anhalt-Dessau -LRB- Dessau , 15 August 1507 -- Dessau , 17 October 1553 -RRB- , was a German prince of the House of Ascania and ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Dessau . After 1544 he became the first ruler of the principality of Anhalt-Plötzkau . George was the third -LRB- but second surviving -RRB- son of Ernest I , Prince of Anhalt-Dessau , by his wife Margarete , daughter of Henry I , Duke of Münsterberg-Oels and granddaughter of George of Poděbrady , King of Bohemia . ", "The Prince Frederick , Duke of York and Albany -LRB- Frederick Augustus ; 16 August 1763 -- 5 January 1827 -RRB- , a member of the House of Hanover , was the second son and child of King George III , King of Great Britain and Ireland and Elector of Hanover . A soldier by profession , from 1764 to 1803 he was Prince-Bishop of Osnabrück , and from the death of his father in 1820 until his own death in 1827 he was the heir presumptive to his elder brother , King George IV , both to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Kingdom of Hanover . However , he died before his brother . Frederick was thrust into the British Army at a very early age and was appointed to high command at the age of thirty , when he was given command of a notoriously ineffectual campaign during the War of the First Coalition , a continental war following the French Revolution . Later , as Commander-in-Chief during the Napoleonic Wars , he oversaw the reorganisation of the British Army , putting in place vital structural , administrative and recruiting reforms for which he is credited with having done `` more for the army than any one man has done for it in the whole of its history . '' ", "James Francis Edward , Prince of Wales -LRB- 10 June 1688 -- 1 January 1766 -RRB- , nicknamed the Old Pretender , was the son of King James II and VII , the monarch of the three kingdoms of England , Scotland and Ireland , and his second wife Mary of Modena . His Catholic father was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688 only months after his birth , and his Protestant older half-sister , Mary II and her husband William III of Orange became king and queen . The Bill of Rights 1689 and Act of Succession 1701 excluded Catholics from the British throne , and James was raised in exile . After his father 's death in 1701 , James claimed the English , Scottish and Irish thrones as James III of England and Ireland and James VIII of Scotland , in which he was supported by his Jacobite followers and his cousin Louis XIV of France . In 1715 , he unsuccessfully attempted to gain power in Britain during the Jacobite Rising of 1715 . Following his death in 1766 , his oldest son Charles Edward Stuart continued to make these claims pursuant to the Jacobite Succession . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Phone_-LRB-phonetics-RRB-", "Call_forwarding", "Telephone_exchange", "Sound-powered_telephone", "Plastique_Nouveau" ]

[ "In phonetics and linguistics , a phone is any distinct speech sound or gesture , regardless of whether the exact sound is critical to the meanings of words . In contrast , a phoneme is a speech sound that , in a given language , if it were swapped with another phoneme , would change the meaning of the word . Phones are absolute , not specific to any language , but phonemes can be discussed only in reference to specific languages . For example , the English words kid and kit end with two distinct phonemes , and swapping one for the other would change the word 's meaning . However , the difference between the p sounds in pun -LRB- pʰ , with aspiration -RRB- and spun -LRB- p , no aspiration -RRB- never affects the meaning of a word in English so they are phones and not phonemes . By contrast , swapping the same two sounds in Hindi or Urdu can change one word into another : pʰal means ` fruit ' , and pal means ` moment ' . You Can Also Click Here To In the context of spoken languages , a phone is an unanalyzed sound of a language . A phone is a speech segment that possesses distinct physical or perceptual properties and serves as the basic unit of phonetic speech analysis . Phones are generally either vowels or consonants . A phonetic transcription -LRB- based on phones -RRB- is enclosed within square brackets rather than the slashes of a phonemic transcription -LRB- based on phonemes -RRB- . Phones -LRB- and often phonemes also -RRB- are commonly represented using symbols of the International Phonetic Alphabet -LRB- IPA -RRB- . For example , the English word spin consists of four phones , -LSB- s -RSB- , -LSB- p -RSB- , -LSB- ɪ -RSB- and -LSB- n -RSB- , and thus it has the phonetic representation -LSB- spɪn -RSB- . The word pin has three phones ; in that word , the initial sound is aspirated and so can be represented as -LSB- pʰ -RSB- ; the word 's phonetic representation would then be -LSB- pʰɪn -RSB- . -LRB- Precisely the features shown in a phonetic representation depends on whether a narrow or broad transcription is being used the features that the writer wishes to draw attention in the context . -RRB- When phones are considered to be realizations of the same phoneme , they are called allophones of that phoneme -LRB- more information on the methods of making such assignments can be found under phoneme -RRB- . In English , for example , -LSB- p -RSB- and -LSB- pʰ -RSB- are considered allophones of a single phoneme , written as / p / . The phonemic transcriptions of the above two words is consequently / spɪn / and / pɪn / , aspiration no longer being shown since it is not distinctive . ", "Call forwarding , or call diversion , is a telephony feature of some telephone switching systems which redirects a telephone call to another destination , which may be , for example , a mobile telephone , voicemail box or another telephone number where the desired called party is available . Call forwarding was invented by Ernest J. Bonanno . In North America , the forwarded line usually rings once to remind the customer using call forwarding that the call is being redirected . More consistently , the forwarded line indicates its condition by stutter dial tone . Call forwarding typically can redirect incoming calls to any other domestic telephone number , but the owner of the forwarded line must pay any toll charges for forwarded calls . Call forwarding is often enabled by dialing * 72 followed by the telephone number to which calls should be forwarded . Once someone answers , call forwarding is in effect . If no one answers or the line is busy , the dialing sequence must be repeated to effect call forwarding . Call forwarding is disabled by dialing * 73 . This feature requires a subscription from the telephone company . Also available in some areas is Remote Access to call forwarding , which permit the control over call forwarding from telephones other than the subscriber 's telephone . VOIP and cable telephone systems also often allow call forwarding to be set up and directed via their web portals . In Europe , most networks indicate that unconditional call forwarding is active with a special dial tone . When the phone is picked up it is immediately apparent that calls are being forwarded . ", "A telephone exchange is a telecommunications system used in the public switched telephone network or in large enterprises . An exchange consists of electronic components and in older systems also human operators that interconnect -LRB- switch -RRB- telephone subscriber lines or virtual circuits of digital systems to establish telephone calls between subscribers . In historical perspective , telecommunication terms have been used with different semantics over time . The term telephone exchange is often used synonymously with central office -LRB- CO -RRB- , a Bell System term . Often , a central office is defined as a building used to house the inside plant equipment of potentially several telephone exchanges , each serving a certain geographical area . Such an area has also been referred to as the exchange . Central office locations may also be identified in North America as wire centers , designating a facility from which a telephone obtains dial tone . For business and billing purposes , telephony carriers also define rate centers , which in larger cities may be clusters of central offices , to define specified geographical locations for determining distance measurements . In the United States and Canada , the Bell System established in the 1940s a uniform system of identifying central offices with a three-digit central office code , that was used as a prefix to subscriber telephone numbers . All central offices within a larger region , typically aggregated by state , were assigned a common numbering plan area code . With the development of international and transoceanic telephone trunks , especially driven by direct customer dialing , similar efforts of systematic organization of the telephone networks occurred in many countries in the mid-20th century . For corporate or enterprise use , a private telephone exchange is often referred to as a private branch exchange -LRB- PBX -RRB- , when it has connections to the public switched telephone network . A PBX is installed in enterprise facilities , typically collocated with large office spaces or within an organizational campus to serve the local private telephone system and any private leased line circuits . Smaller installations might deploy a PBX or key telephone system in the office of a receptionist . ", "A sound-powered telephone is a communication device that allows users to talk to each other with the use of a handset , similar to a conventional telephone , but without the use of external power . This technology has been used since at least 1944 for both routine and emergency communication on ships to allow communication between key locations on a vessel even if power , including batteries , is no longer available . A sound-powered phone circuit can have two or more stations on the same circuit . The circuit is always live , thus a user simply begins speaking rather than dialing another station . Sound-powered telephones are not normally connected to a telephone exchange . ", "Plastique Nouveau is a collection of Bis remixes , b-sides and bonus tracks previously exclusive to the UK version of Return To Central . It pulls a few tracks from the fukd i.d. EP as well as the `` Protection '' single . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Toy_Story_2", "Yoduk_Story", "Danganronpa-COLON-_Trigger_Happy_Havoc", "Kaze_no_Klonoa-COLON-_Moonlight_Museum", "Romance_of_the_Three_Kingdoms_XI" ]

[ "Toy Story 2 is a 1999 American computer-animated comedy adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . Directed by John Lasseter and co-directed by Lee Unkrich and Ash Brannon , it is the sequel to the 1995 film Toy Story . In the film , Woody is stolen by a toy collector , prompting Buzz Lightyear and his friends to vow to rescue him , but Woody is then tempted by the idea of immortality in a museum . Many of the original characters and voices from Toy Story return for this sequel , and several new characters -- including Jessie -LRB- voiced by Joan Cusack -RRB- , Barbie -LRB- voiced by Jodi Benson -RRB- , Stinky Pete -LRB- voiced by Kelsey Grammer -RRB- and Mrs. Potato Head -LRB- voiced by Estelle Harris -RRB- -- are introduced . It was the last Toy Story film that starred Jim Varney as Slinky Dog before his death in 2000 . Disney initially envisioned the film as a direct-to-video sequel . Toy Story 2 began production in a building separated from Pixar , on a small scale , as most of the main Pixar staff were busy working on A Bug 's Life -LRB- 1998 -RRB- . When story reels proved promising , Disney upgraded the film to theatrical release , but Pixar was unhappy with the film 's quality . Lasseter and the story team redeveloped the entire plot in one weekend . Although most Pixar features take years to develop , the established release date could not be moved and the production schedule for Toy Story 2 was compressed into nine months . Despite production struggles , Toy Story 2 opened in November 1999 to wildly successful box office numbers , eventually grossing over $ 497 million , and received universal acclaim from critics . Toy Story 2 has been considered by critics to be one of few sequel films to outshine the original , and it continues to be featured frequently on lists of the greatest animated films ever made . The film has seen multiple home media releases and a theatrical 3-D re-release in 2009 , 10 years after its initial release . Toy Story 3 was released in 2010 , which was also critically and commercially successful . ", "Yoduk Story is a stage play by North Korean defector Jung Sung San -LRB- Jeong Seongsan 정성산 -RRB- , released in 2006 . The story is based on stories of political prisoners at the Yodok concentration camp . This harrowing musical premiered in the US in October 2006 . The writer and director , Jung Sung-San was never imprisoned at Yoduk , therefore he has relied on accounts of others who were there , including Kang Chol-Hwan . Jung was able to escape North Korea and find his way to South Korea , where in 2002 , he learned that his father had been publicly stoned to death in the North . In his sorrow and anger , he sought out a way to express all his feelings and promptly began writing this musical . He faced death threats and government pressure to make changes . When financial backers pulled out in the midst of pressure , he put up his kidney as collateral for approximately $ 20,000 . ", "is an adventure visual novel video game developed and published by Spike -LRB- later Spike Chunsoft -RRB- and the first game in the Danganronpa series . The game was originally released in Japan for the PlayStation Portable on November 25 , 2010 and was later ported to iOS and Android devices on August 20 , 2012 . Two manga adaptations and two spin-off novels have been published , a anime television adaptation by Lerche aired between July and September 2013 , and a stage adaptation ran from October to November 2014 in Tokyo 's Nippon Seinenkan . A sequel , Danganronpa 2 : Goodbye Despair , was released for PlayStation Portable on July 26 , 2012 . A compilation of both games , titled Danganronpa 1 ・ 2 Reload , was released for PlayStation Vita in Japan on October 10 , 2013 and in Taiwan on January 16 , 2014 . NIS America released the Vita remake of the first game in North America on February 11 , 2014 , and in Europe and Australia on February 14 , 2014 . The game was also released on Steam in February 18 , 2016 and for the PlayStation 4 in March 2017 . A spin-off game , titled Danganronpa Another Episode : Ultra Despair Girls , was released for the PS Vita in 2014 . A canonical anime sequel that is considered the third entry in the series , Danganronpa 3 : The End of Hope 's Peak High School , began airing in July 2016 . A third main title , which will supposedly start a new saga unrelated to the previous entries , Danganronpa V3 : Killing Harmony , has been announced for PS Vita and PlayStation 4 . ", "is a video game developed and published by Namco and released in Japan for the Bandai WonderSwan in 1999 . As Klonoa 's first handheld adventure , it was the first game in the series to place him in a fully two-dimensional world , and established the system that his Game Boy Advance titles later used . ", "Romance of the Three Kingdoms XI , also known as Sangokushi 11 -LRB- 三國志11 -RRB- , is the 11th installment in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms -LRB- Sangokushi -RRB- grand strategy game series by Koei . The game was released for the PC on March 17 , 2006 in Japan . A Traditional Chinese version was released on July 27 in Taiwan . A PlayStation 2 version was released on September 28 , 2006 in Japan and on February 6 , 2007 in North America . A Wii version was released on March 21 , 2007 for the Japanese market at a premium price of ¥ 9,800 . The premium version includes a walkthrough , a tactical map , four cards illustrated by Tsuyoshi Nagano , and an orchestra soundtrack CD . The Chinese version of the premium version includes a walkthrough and a map . An official English version for the PC was announced on April 23 , 2008 , and was planned to be released in North America on July 29 . However , the release date was delayed until September 9 , 2008 . There is an expansion pack for the PC version , but it was not included in the English version and is available only in Asian markets . This marked the Koei reintroduction of a PC version of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms series for the English market which had not happened since November 30 , 1995 , with the American release of Romance of the Three Kingdoms IV : Wall of Fire . Some of the 3D models in this game were borrowed from Dynasty Warriors 4 . 32 historical characters not from the Three Kingdoms era can be unlocked after the player completes all the game tutorials . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Toy_Story_2", "Yoduk_Story", "Danganronpa-COLON-_Trigger_Happy_Havoc", "Kaze_no_Klonoa-COLON-_Moonlight_Museum", "Romance_of_the_Three_Kingdoms_XI" ]

[ "Toy Story 2 is a 1999 American computer-animated comedy adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . Directed by John Lasseter and co-directed by Lee Unkrich and Ash Brannon , it is the sequel to the 1995 film Toy Story . In the film , Woody is stolen by a toy collector , prompting Buzz Lightyear and his friends to vow to rescue him , but Woody is then tempted by the idea of immortality in a museum . Many of the original characters and voices from Toy Story return for this sequel , and several new characters -- including Jessie -LRB- voiced by Joan Cusack -RRB- , Barbie -LRB- voiced by Jodi Benson -RRB- , Stinky Pete -LRB- voiced by Kelsey Grammer -RRB- and Mrs. Potato Head -LRB- voiced by Estelle Harris -RRB- -- are introduced . It was the last Toy Story film that starred Jim Varney as Slinky Dog before his death in 2000 . Disney initially envisioned the film as a direct-to-video sequel . Toy Story 2 began production in a building separated from Pixar , on a small scale , as most of the main Pixar staff were busy working on A Bug 's Life -LRB- 1998 -RRB- . When story reels proved promising , Disney upgraded the film to theatrical release , but Pixar was unhappy with the film 's quality . Lasseter and the story team redeveloped the entire plot in one weekend . Although most Pixar features take years to develop , the established release date could not be moved and the production schedule for Toy Story 2 was compressed into nine months . Despite production struggles , Toy Story 2 opened in November 1999 to wildly successful box office numbers , eventually grossing over $ 497 million , and received universal acclaim from critics . Toy Story 2 has been considered by critics to be one of few sequel films to outshine the original , and it continues to be featured frequently on lists of the greatest animated films ever made . The film has seen multiple home media releases and a theatrical 3-D re-release in 2009 , 10 years after its initial release . Toy Story 3 was released in 2010 , which was also critically and commercially successful . ", "Yoduk Story is a stage play by North Korean defector Jung Sung San -LRB- Jeong Seongsan 정성산 -RRB- , released in 2006 . The story is based on stories of political prisoners at the Yodok concentration camp . This harrowing musical premiered in the US in October 2006 . The writer and director , Jung Sung-San was never imprisoned at Yoduk , therefore he has relied on accounts of others who were there , including Kang Chol-Hwan . Jung was able to escape North Korea and find his way to South Korea , where in 2002 , he learned that his father had been publicly stoned to death in the North . In his sorrow and anger , he sought out a way to express all his feelings and promptly began writing this musical . He faced death threats and government pressure to make changes . When financial backers pulled out in the midst of pressure , he put up his kidney as collateral for approximately $ 20,000 . ", "is an adventure visual novel video game developed and published by Spike -LRB- later Spike Chunsoft -RRB- and the first game in the Danganronpa series . The game was originally released in Japan for the PlayStation Portable on November 25 , 2010 and was later ported to iOS and Android devices on August 20 , 2012 . Two manga adaptations and two spin-off novels have been published , a anime television adaptation by Lerche aired between July and September 2013 , and a stage adaptation ran from October to November 2014 in Tokyo 's Nippon Seinenkan . A sequel , Danganronpa 2 : Goodbye Despair , was released for PlayStation Portable on July 26 , 2012 . A compilation of both games , titled Danganronpa 1 ・ 2 Reload , was released for PlayStation Vita in Japan on October 10 , 2013 and in Taiwan on January 16 , 2014 . NIS America released the Vita remake of the first game in North America on February 11 , 2014 , and in Europe and Australia on February 14 , 2014 . The game was also released on Steam in February 18 , 2016 and for the PlayStation 4 in March 2017 . A spin-off game , titled Danganronpa Another Episode : Ultra Despair Girls , was released for the PS Vita in 2014 . A canonical anime sequel that is considered the third entry in the series , Danganronpa 3 : The End of Hope 's Peak High School , began airing in July 2016 . A third main title , which will supposedly start a new saga unrelated to the previous entries , Danganronpa V3 : Killing Harmony , has been announced for PS Vita and PlayStation 4 . ", "is a video game developed and published by Namco and released in Japan for the Bandai WonderSwan in 1999 . As Klonoa 's first handheld adventure , it was the first game in the series to place him in a fully two-dimensional world , and established the system that his Game Boy Advance titles later used . ", "Romance of the Three Kingdoms XI , also known as Sangokushi 11 -LRB- 三國志11 -RRB- , is the 11th installment in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms -LRB- Sangokushi -RRB- grand strategy game series by Koei . The game was released for the PC on March 17 , 2006 in Japan . A Traditional Chinese version was released on July 27 in Taiwan . A PlayStation 2 version was released on September 28 , 2006 in Japan and on February 6 , 2007 in North America . A Wii version was released on March 21 , 2007 for the Japanese market at a premium price of ¥ 9,800 . The premium version includes a walkthrough , a tactical map , four cards illustrated by Tsuyoshi Nagano , and an orchestra soundtrack CD . The Chinese version of the premium version includes a walkthrough and a map . An official English version for the PC was announced on April 23 , 2008 , and was planned to be released in North America on July 29 . However , the release date was delayed until September 9 , 2008 . There is an expansion pack for the PC version , but it was not included in the English version and is available only in Asian markets . This marked the Koei reintroduction of a PC version of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms series for the English market which had not happened since November 30 , 1995 , with the American release of Romance of the Three Kingdoms IV : Wall of Fire . Some of the 3D models in this game were borrowed from Dynasty Warriors 4 . 32 historical characters not from the Three Kingdoms era can be unlocked after the player completes all the game tutorials . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Henry_Cavill", "Spider-Man_2", "I_Am_Legend_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Ghost_-LRB-1990_film-RRB-", "The_Man_from_U.N.C.L.E._-LRB-film-RRB-" ]

[ "Henry William Dalgliesh Cavill -LRB- -LSB- ˈkævᵻl -RSB- born 5 May 1983 -RRB- is a British actor . Cavill began his career starring in the film adaptations of The Count of Monte Cristo -LRB- 2002 -RRB- and I Capture the Castle -LRB- 2003 -RRB- . He later appeared in minor and supporting roles in television shows such as BBC 's The Inspector Lynley Mysteries , ITV 's Midsomer Murders and Showtime 's The Tudors -LRB- 2007-10 -RRB- , then crossed to mainstream Hollywood films such as Tristan & Isolde -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Stardust -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Blood Creek -LRB- 2009 -RRB- and Immortals -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . Cavill starred as Charles Brandon , 1st Duke of Suffolk in the Showtime television series The Tudors ; and in 2008 became the official spokesman for the Dunhill fragrance collection for men . Cavill gained further prominence and international fame playing the titular superhero Superman in the DC Extended Universe starting with the 2013 reboot film Man of Steel , originally the highest-grossing Superman film of all time until it was surpassed by 2016 's Batman v Superman : Dawn of Justice , where he reprised his role as Superman ; making it his highest-grossing film to date . In 2015 , he co-starred with Armie Hammer in the spy film The Man from U.N.C.L.E. ", "Spider-Man 2 is a 2004 American superhero film directed by Sam Raimi and written by Alvin Sargent from a story by Alfred Gough , Miles Millar , and Michael Chabon . The sequel to the 2002 film Spider-Man , it is the second film in Raimi 's Spider-Man film trilogy based on the fictional Marvel Comics character of the same name . Tobey Maguire , Kirsten Dunst , and James Franco reprise their respective roles as Peter Parker/Spider-Man , Mary Jane Watson and Harry Osborn . Set two years after the events of Spider-Man , the film finds Peter Parker struggling to manage both his personal life and his duties as Spider-Man , while Dr. Otto Octavius -LRB- Doctor Octopus -RRB- becomes a diabolical villain after a failed experiment kills his wife and leaves him neurologically fused to mechanical tentacles . Spider-Man must stop him from successfully recreating the experiment , which threatens to annihilate the city . Spider-Man 2 was released in both conventional and IMAX theaters on June 30 , 2004 . It grossed $ 783.8 million worldwide and won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects . It also received five awards at the Saturn Awards ceremony including Best Fantasy Film and Best Director for Raimi . The film 's success led to the release of Spider-Man 3 in 2007 . ", "I Am Legend is a 2007 American post-apocalyptic horror film based on the novel of the same name , directed by Francis Lawrence and starring Will Smith , who plays US Army virologist Robert Neville . The story is set in New York City after a virus , which was originally created to cure cancer , has wiped out most of mankind , leaving Neville as the last human in New York , other than nocturnal mutants . Neville is immune to the virus and he works to develop a cure while defending himself against the hostile mutants . Warner Bros. began developing I Am Legend in 1994 , and various actors and directors were attached to the project , though production was delayed due to budgetary concerns related to the script . Production began in 2006 in New York City , filming mainly on location in the city , including a $ 5 million scene at the Brooklyn Bridge . It is the third feature-film adaptation of Richard Matheson 's 1954 I Am Legend novel , following 1964 's The Last Man on Earth and 1971 's The Omega Man . I Am Legend was released on December 14 , 2007 , in the United States and Canada , and opened to the largest ever box office -LRB- not adjusted for inflation -RRB- for a non-Christmas film released in the U.S. in December . The film was the seventh-highest grossing film of 2007 , earning $ 256 million domestically and $ 329 million internationally , for a total of $ 585 million . ", "Ghost is a 1990 American romantic fantasy thriller film starring Patrick Swayze , Demi Moore , Whoopi Goldberg , Tony Goldwyn , and Rick Aviles . It was written by Bruce Joel Rubin and directed by Jerry Zucker . The plot centers on a young woman in jeopardy -LRB- Moore -RRB- , the ghost of her murdered lover -LRB- Swayze -RRB- and a reluctant psychic -LRB- Goldberg -RRB- who assists him in saving her although the psychic had previously been faking her powers . The film was an outstanding commercial success , grossing over $ 505.7 million at the box office on a budget of $ 22 million . It was the highest-grossing film of 1990 . Adjusted for inflation , Ghost was the 93rd-highest-grossing film of all time domestically . The film was nominated for five Academy Awards , including Best Picture , Best Score and Best Film Editing . It won the awards for Best Supporting Actress for Goldberg and Best Original Screenplay . Swayze and Moore both received Golden Globe Award nominations for their performances , while Goldberg won the BAFTA , Golden Globe , and Saturn Awards in addition to the Oscar . ", "The Man from U.N.C.L.E. is a 2015 American action comedy film directed by Guy Ritchie and written by Ritchie and Lionel Wigram . It is based on the 1964 MGM television series of the same name , which was created by Ian Fleming , Norman Felton and Sam Rolfe . The film stars Henry Cavill , Armie Hammer , Alicia Vikander , Elizabeth Debicki , Jared Harris and Hugh Grant . The film was produced by RatPac-Dune Entertainment and Davis Entertainment . In 1993 , John Davis obtained the rights for a film adaptation based on the original series . However , the film fell into development hell due to multiple script rewrites . Over the years , Matthew Vaughn , David Dobkin and Steven Soderbergh were optioned for directing until Ritchie signed on in March 2013 . The film premiered at Barcelona on August 2 , 2015 and was released on August 14 by Warner Bros. . Pictures , receiving mixed reviews and was a box office disappointment , grossing only $ 109 million worldwide against a $ 75 million budget . Vikander , with a number of films that year , won awards from three different critics associations for Actor of the Year and Breakthrough Film Artist . The Man from U.N.C.L.E. was released on DVD and Blu-ray on November 17 , 2015 by Warner Home Video . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Woodrow_Wilson", "United_States_Senate_elections,_1920_and_1921", "United_States_presidential_election,_1916", "Inauguration_of_Woodrow_Wilson", "List_of_Presidents_of_the_United_States" ]

[ "Thomas Woodrow Wilson -LRB- December 28 , 1856 -- February 3 , 1924 -RRB- was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921 . A member of the Democratic Party , Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910 and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913 . Wilson 's victory in the 1912 presidential election made him the first Southerner elected to the presidency since Zachary Taylor in 1848 , and Wilson became a leading force in the Progressive Movement . He also led the United States during World War I , establishing an activist foreign policy known as `` Wilsonianism . '' He was a major leader at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 , where he championed the proposed League of Nations . However , he was unable to obtain Senate approval for U.S. membership . He suffered debilitating strokes in September 1919 ; after that his wife and staff handled most of his presidential duties . Born in Staunton , Virginia , he spent his early years in Augusta , Georgia and Columbia , South Carolina . His father was a leading Presbyterian in the Confederacy during the Civil War , and Wilson was always a devout Presbyterian and a proud Southerner . He took a law degree and then one of the first PhDs in political science awarded by Johns Hopkins University . He served as a professor and scholar at various institutions before being selected as President of Princeton University , a position he held from 1902 to 1910 . Wilson became a notable academic , arguing for the superiority of the parliamentary system . He was associated with Grover Cleveland and the conservative Bourbon Democrats until 1910 , when he moved left . With the help of state Democratic bosses , Wilson won the 1910 Democratic nomination for governor of New Jersey , and was elected as a fresh reformer , holding office from 1911 to 1913 . He overthrew the same bosses and gained a national reputation . He won the 1912 Democratic presidential nomination after forty-six rounds of balloting , with support from William Jennings Bryan . Former President Theodore Roosevelt 's third party candidacy split the Republican Party , which re-nominated incumbent President William Howard Taft . Wilson won the 1912 election with a plurality of the popular vote and a large majority in the electoral college . Leading the Congress that was now in Democratic hands , he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933 . The Federal Reserve Act , Federal Trade Commission Act , the Clayton Antitrust Act , and the Federal Farm Loan Act were some of these new policies . Having taken office one month after ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment , Wilson called a special session of Congress , whose work culminated in the Revenue Act of 1913 , introducing an income tax and lowering tariffs . Through passage of the Adamson Act that imposed an 8-hour workday for railroads , he averted a railroad strike and an ensuing economic crisis . Upon the outbreak of World War I in 1914 , Wilson maintained a policy of neutrality , while pursuing a more aggressive policy in dealing with Mexico 's civil war . Wilson staffed his government with Southern Democrats who implemented racial segregation at the Treasury , Navy and other Federal offices . In the presidential election of 1916 , Wilson faced former New York Governor Charles Evans Hughes . By a narrow margin , he became the first Democrat since Andrew Jackson elected to two consecutive terms . In April 1917 , when Germany had resumed unrestricted submarine warfare and sent the Zimmermann Telegram , Wilson asked Congress to declare war in order to make `` the world safe for democracy . '' The United States conducted military operations alongside the Allies , although without a formal alliance . During the war , Wilson focused on diplomacy and financial considerations , leaving military strategy to the generals , especially General John J. Pershing . Through the Selective Service Act , conscription sent 10,000 freshly trained soldiers to France per day by the summer of 1918 . On the home front , he raised income taxes , borrowing billions of dollars through the public 's purchase of Liberty Bonds . He set up the War Industries Board , promoted labor union cooperation , regulated agriculture and food production through the Lever Act , and took direct control of the nation 's railroad system . Wilson asked Congress for what became the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918 , suppressing anti-draft activists . The crackdown was intensified by his Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer to include expulsion of non-citizen radicals during the First Red Scare of 1919 -- 1920 . Early in 1918 , Wilson issued his principles for an end to the war , the Fourteen Points , and in 1919 , following an armistice , he traveled to Paris , promoting the formation of a League of Nations and concluding the Treaty of Versailles . Following his return from Europe , Wilson embarked on a nationwide tour in 1919 to campaign for the treaty , but suffered a severe stroke . The treaty was met with serious concern by Senate Republicans , and the Senate ultimately rejected the treaty . Due to his stroke , Wilson secluded himself in the White House , disability having diminished his power and influence , and he failed in his bid to win re-nomination at the 1920 Democratic National Convention . Wilson retired at the end of his presidency , and he died in 1924 . ", "The United States Senate elections of 1920 and 1921 were elections for the United States Senate that coincided with the election of Warren G. Harding as President . There was also a special election in 1921 . Democrat Woodrow Wilson 's unpopularity allowed Republicans to win races across the country , winning ten seats from the Democrats , providing them with an overwhelming 59 to 37 majority . The Republican landslide was so vast that the Democrats failed to win a single race outside the South . ", "The United States presidential election of 1916 was the 33rd quadrennial presidential election , held on Tuesday , November 7 , 1916 . Incumbent President Woodrow Wilson , the Democratic candidate , was pitted against Supreme Court Justice Charles Evans Hughes , the Republican candidate . After a hard-fought contest , Wilson defeated Hughes by nearly 600,000 votes in the popular vote and secured a narrow majority in the Electoral College by winning several swing states with razor-thin margins . Wilson 's re-election marked the first time that a Democratic Party candidate had won two consecutive Presidential elections since Andrew Jackson won re-election in the 1832 election . This was the last election before the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution , which granted women the right to vote . The election took place during the time of the Mexican Revolution and Europe 's involvement in World War I. Although officially neutral in the European conflict , public opinion in the United States leaned towards the Allied forces headed by Great Britain and France against the German Empire and Austria-Hungary , due in large measure to the harsh treatment of civilians by the German Army in Belgium and northern France and the militaristic character of the German and Austrian monarchies . But in spite of their sympathy with the Allied forces , most American voters wanted to avoid involvement in the war and preferred to continue a policy of neutrality . Wilson 's campaign used the popular slogans `` He kept us out of war '' and `` America First '' to appeal to those voters who wanted to avoid a war in Europe or with Mexico . The progressive Hughes criticized Wilson for not taking the `` necessary preparations '' to face a conflict , which only served to strengthen Wilson 's image as an anti-war candidate . America entered the war in April 1917 , one month after Wilson 's inauguration as president . Despite the narrow margin of his win , the 1916 election saw an increase in Wilson 's popular vote from his election in 1912 , when he won a landslide in the Electoral College . Wilson accomplished this as a result of a split in the Republican vote in 1912 between the incumbent President William Howard Taft , a conservative , and former President Theodore Roosevelt , who ran as a Progressive . In 1916 , conservative and progressive Republicans were largely united under the moderate Hughes in their bid to oust Wilson . Nonetheless , Wilson attracted many voters who had earlier supported Roosevelt . The election of 1916 is one of only three elections in which a candidate was elected president without the support of his state of residence -LRB- in this case , New Jersey -RRB- . The other two were the election of 1844 , in which James K. Polk failed to carry Tennessee and the election of 2016 , in which Donald Trump failed to carry New York . Wilson , however , did win his state of birth -LRB- Virginia -RRB- . ", "Inauguration of Woodrow Wilson may refer to : First inauguration of Woodrow Wilson , 1913 Second inauguration of Woodrow Wilson , 1917 ", "The President of the United States is the elected head of state and head of government of the United States . The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces . The president is indirectly elected to a four-year term by the people through an Electoral College -LRB- or by the House of Representatives , should the Electoral College fail to award an absolute majority of votes to any person -RRB- . Since the office was established in 1789 , 44 people have served as president . The first , George Washington , won a unanimous vote of the Electoral College . Grover Cleveland served two non-consecutive terms in office , and is counted as the nation 's 22nd and 24th president . Thus the incumbent , Donald Trump , is the nation 's 45th president . There are currently five living former presidents . The most recent death of a former president was on December 26 , 2006 with the death of Gerald Ford ; the most recently serving president to die was Ronald Reagan on June 5 , 2004 . William Henry Harrison spent the shortest time in office , dying 31 days after taking office in 1841 . Franklin D. Roosevelt served the longest , over twelve years , before dying early in his fourth term in 1945 ; he is the only president to have served more than two terms . Since the ratification of the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1951 , no person may be elected president more than twice , and no one who has served more than two years of a term to which someone else was elected may be elected more than once . Of the individuals elected as president , four died in office of natural causes -LRB- William Henry Harrison , Zachary Taylor , Warren G. Harding , and Franklin D. Roosevelt -RRB- , four were assassinated -LRB- Abraham Lincoln , James A. Garfield , William McKinley , and John F. Kennedy -RRB- , and one resigned -LRB- Richard Nixon -RRB- . John Tyler was the first vice president to assume the presidency intra-term , and set the precedent that a vice president who does so becomes the fully functioning president with his own presidency , as opposed to a caretaker president . The Twenty-fifth Amendment to the Constitution put Tyler 's precedent into law in 1967 . It also established a mechanism by which an intra-term vacancy in the vice presidency could be filled . Richard Nixon was the first president to fill a vacancy under this Provision when he appointed Gerald Ford to the office . Later , Ford became the second to do so when he appointed Nelson Rockefeller to succeed him . Previously , an intra-term vacancy was left unfilled . Throughout most of its history , politics of the United States have been dominated by political parties . The Constitution is silent on the issue of political parties , and at the time it came into force in 1789 , there were no parties . Soon after the 1st Congress convened , factions began rallying around dominant Washington Administration officials , such as Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson . Greatly concerned about the very real capacity of political parties to destroy the fragile unity holding the nation together , Washington remained unaffiliated with any political faction or party throughout his eight-year presidency . He was , and remains , the only U.S. president never to be affiliated with a political party . Since Washington , every president has been affiliated with a political party at the time they assumed office . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Mormons", "The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_Massachusetts", "The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints", "The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_Russia", "The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_Wales" ]

[ "Mormons -LRB- -LSB- ˈmɔrmənz -RSB- -RRB- are a religious and cultural group related to Mormonism , the principal branch of the Latter Day Saint movement of Restorationist Christianity , initiated by Joseph Smith in upstate New York during the 1820s . After Smith 's death in 1844 , the Mormons followed Brigham Young to what would become the Utah Territory . Today , most Mormons are understood to be members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -LRB- LDS Church -RRB- . Some Mormons are also either independent or non-practicing . The center of Mormon cultural influence is in Utah , and North America has more Mormons than any other continent , though the majority of Mormons live outside the United States . Mormons have developed a strong sense of communality that stems from their doctrine and history . During the 19th century , Mormon converts tended to gather to a central geographic location , and between 1852 and 1890 a minority of Mormons openly practiced plural marriage , a form of religious polygamy . Mormons dedicate large amounts of time and resources to serving in their church , and many young Mormons choose to serve a full-time proselytizing mission . Mormons have a health code which eschews alcoholic beverages , tobacco , coffee , tea , and other addictive substances . They tend to be very family-oriented , and have strong connections across generations and with extended family , reflective of their belief that families can be sealed together beyond death . Mormons also have a strict law of chastity , requiring abstention from sexual relations outside of heterosexual marriage and fidelity within marriage . Mormons self-identify as Christian , although some non-Mormons consider Mormons non-Christian and some of their beliefs differ from mainstream Christianity . Mormons believe in the Bible , as well as other books of scripture , such as the Book of Mormon . They have a unique view of cosmology , and believe that all people are spirit-children of God . Mormons believe that returning to God requires following the example of Jesus Christ , and accepting his atonement through ordinances such as baptism . They believe that Christ 's church was restored through Joseph Smith and is guided by living prophets and apostles . Central to Mormon faith is the belief that God speaks to his children and answers their prayers . Due to their high birth and conversion rates , the Mormon population has grown significantly in recent decades . The number of members in 1971 was 3,090,953 and now in 2017 based on the Annual Report , there are 15,882,417 worldwide . ", "As of January 1 , 2011 , The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints reported 24,965 members in four stakes , 51 congregations -LRB- 38 wards and 13 branches -RRB- , one mission , and one temple in Massachusetts . ", "The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -LRB- the LDS Church or , informally , the Mormon Church -RRB- is a Christian restorationist church that is considered by its members to be the restoration of the original church founded by Jesus Christ . The church is headquartered in Salt Lake City , Utah , and has established congregations and built temples worldwide . According to the church , it has over 70,000 missionaries and a membership of over 15 million . It is ranked by the National Council of Churches as the fourth-largest Christian denomination in the United States . It is the largest denomination in the Latter Day Saint movement founded by Joseph Smith during the period of religious revival known as the Second Great Awakening . Adherents , often referred to as `` Latter-day Saints '' , or , less formally , `` Mormons '' , view faith in Jesus Christ and his atonement as fundamental principles of their religion . LDS theology includes the Christian doctrine of salvation only through Jesus Christ , though LDS doctrines regarding the nature of God and the potential of mankind differ significantly from mainstream Christianity . The church has an open canon which includes four scriptural texts : the Bible -LRB- both Old and New Testaments -RRB- , the Book of Mormon , the Doctrine and Covenants , and the Pearl of Great Price . Other than the Bible , the majority of the LDS canon constitutes revelation spoken by Joseph Smith and recorded by his scribes which includes commentary and exegesis about the Bible , texts described as lost parts of the Bible , and other works believed to be written by ancient prophets . Because of some of the doctrinal differences , some Catholic , Orthodox , and Protestant churches consider the LDS Church to be distinct and separate from mainstream Christianity . Under the doctrine of continuing revelation , Latter-day Saints believe that the church president is a modern-day `` prophet , seer , and revelator '' and that Jesus Christ , under the direction of God the Father , leads the church by revealing his will to its president . The current president is Thomas S. Monson . Individual members of the church believe that they can also receive personal revelation from God in conducting their lives . The president heads a hierarchical structure with various levels reaching down to local congregations . Bishops , drawn from the laity , lead local congregations . Male members , after reaching age 12 , may be ordained to the priesthood , provided they are living the standards of the church . Women do not hold positions within the priesthood , but do occupy leadership roles in some church auxiliary organizations . Both men and women may serve as missionaries , and the church maintains a large missionary program which proselytizes and conducts humanitarian services worldwide . Faithful members adhere to church laws of sexual purity , health , fasting , and Sabbath observance , and contribute ten percent of their income to the church in tithing . In addition , the church teaches sacred ordinances through which adherents make covenants with God , including baptism , confirmation , the sacrament -LRB- holy communion -RRB- , endowment , and celestial marriage -LRB- marriage blessings which extend beyond mortality -RRB- -- all of which are of great significance to church members . ", "As of January 1 , 2011 , The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints reported 19,946 members in 13 districts , 116 branches , and 8 missions in Russia . ", "As of January 1 , 2011 , The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints reported 9,343 members in three stakes , 24 congregations -LRB- 18 wards and six branches -RRB- , no missions , and no temples in Wales . Wales is served by English temples and English missions . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Charles_Howard_Hinton", "Charles_Anthony_Swainson", "Charles_Isaac_Elton", "Willie_Gaudin", "John_Brunton" ]

[ "Charles Howard Hinton -LRB- 1853 , United Kingdom -- 30 April 1907 , Washington D.C. , United States -RRB- was a British mathematician and writer of science fiction works titled Scientific Romances . He was interested in higher dimensions , particularly the fourth dimension . He is known for coining the word `` tesseract '' and for his work on methods of visualising the geometry of higher dimensions . ", "Charles Anthony Swainson -LRB- 1820 -- 1887 -RRB- was an English theologian , Norrisian and subsequently Lady Margaret 's Professor of Divinity , Master of Christ 's College , Cambridge and a canon of Chichester . His published works deal mainly with the Eastern Liturgies and the Creeds . ", "Charles Isaac Elton , QC -LRB- 6 December 1839 -- 23 April 1900 -RRB- was an English lawyer , antiquary , and politician . He is most famous for being the author of the bestselling book The Great Book-Collectors . He was born in Southampton . Educated at Cheltenham and Balliol College , Oxford , he was elected a fellow of Queen 's College in 1862 . He was called to the bar at Lincoln 's Inn in 1865 . His remarkable knowledge of old real property law and custom helped him to an extensive conveyancing practice and he took silk in 1885 . He sat in the House of Commons for West Somerset in 1884 -- 1885 and for Wellington , Somerset from 1886 to 1892 . In 1869 he succeeded to his uncle 's property of Whitestaunton Manor , near Chard , Somerset . During the later years of his life he retired to a great extent from legal practice , and devoted much of his time to literary work . He died at Whitestaunton . Elton 's principal works were The Great Book-Collectors -LRB- 1864 -RRB- ; The Tenures of Kent -LRB- 1867 -RRB- ; Treatise on Commons and Waste Lands -LRB- 1868 -RRB- ; Law of Copyholds -LRB- 1874 -RRB- ; Origins of English History -LRB- 1882 -RRB- ; Custom and Tenant Right -LRB- 1882 -RRB- . William Shakespeare : His Family and Friends -LRB- 1903 -RRB- , ed from posthumous papers by A Hamilton Thompson Virginia Woolf often quotes his poem `` Luriana Lurilee '' in her novel To the Lighthouse -LRB- 1927 -RRB- , although the poem itself was not published until 1945 . ", "William Charles Gaudin -LRB- 24 May 1874 -- 31 August 1921 -RRB- was a professional golfer from Jersey . Gaudin had four younger brothers who were also professional golfers , Jack , Phil , Ernest and Herbert . ", "John Brunton -LRB- 23 July 1869 -- 12 November 1962 -RRB- was an English cricketer . He played six first-class matches for Cambridge University Cricket Club in 1894 . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Quay_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Lower_City", "2015_Deauville_American_Film_Festival", "Manchester_by_the_Sea_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Hollywood_Don't_Surf!" ]

[ "Quay is a 2015 British short documentary film composed , shot , edited , produced , and directed by Christopher Nolan about animators Stephen and Timothy Quay . The film premiered at the Film Forum theatre in New York City on 19 August 2015 . ", "Lower City -LRB- Cidade Baixa -RRB- is a 2005 Brazilian drama film directed by Sérgio Machado . It was released in Brazil and to international film festivals in 2005 , including being screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival . Its general release in the United States was in 2006 in New York . ", "The 41st Deauville American Film Festival took place at Deauville , France from September 4 to 13 , 2015 . Baltasar Kormákur 's biographical disaster film Everest served as the opening night film . Sicario by Denis Villeneuve was the closing night film of the festival . The Grand Prix was awarded to 99 Homes by Ramin Bahrani . Complete lineup for the festival was announced on August 24 , 2015 . Total of 36 feature films were screened at the festival , 14 of which were in competition . In Television section , three episodes of Michael Connelly and Eric Overmyer 's crime TV-series Bosch were screened . The festival paid tribute to Orson Welles , Terrence Malick , Ian Mckellen , Patricia Clarkson , Keanu Reeves , Michael Bay , Lawrence Bender and Orlando Bloom and hosted retrospective of their films . Robert Pattinson and Elizabeth Olsen received Le Nouvel Hollywood -LRB- Hollywood Rising Star -RRB- awards . ", "Manchester by the Sea is a 2016 American drama film written and directed by Kenneth Lonergan , and starring Casey Affleck , Michelle Williams , Kyle Chandler , and Lucas Hedges . The plot follows a man who looks after his teenage nephew after his brother dies . The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on January 23 , 2016 and was soon picked up by Amazon Studios for distribution . It began a limited release on November 18 , 2016 , before going wide on December 16 , 2016 and grossed $ 74 million worldwide on an $ 8.5 million budget . Manchester by the Sea received critical acclaim upon its release and was counted among the best films of 2016 . Critics praised in particular Affleck 's performance , as well as Lonergan 's direction and screenplay . At the 89th Academy Awards , the film received six nominations : Best Picture , Best Director , Best Actor -LRB- Affleck -RRB- , Best Supporting Actor -LRB- Hedges -RRB- , Best Supporting Actress -LRB- Williams -RRB- , and Best Original Screenplay -- winning for Best Original Screenplay and Best Actor . It also won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor and was nominated in four more categories . ", "Hollywood Do n't Surf ! is a 2011 documentary film that premiered in the 2010 Cannes Film Festival while a work in progress and held its North American premiere at the 2011 Telluride Film Festival , where it was presented to a packed park at the Abel Gance Outdoor theater by actress Daryl Hannah . Narrated by Robert Englund , the film explores the purportedly strained relationship between Hollywood film makers and the surfing community . After an irreverent and wild main title sequence -LRB- including the first printed and filmed images of surfing -RRB- , Hollywood Do n't Surf ! examines the legendary film Gidget and the subsequent surf exploitation genre that followed , centering on the ambitious John Milius written and directed 1978 Warner Bros. film Big Wednesday , a commercial disappointment at the time , and the smattering of surf films that followed as Big Wednesday enjoyed a subsequent rebirth as a cult film on home video . The documentary features : Quentin Tarantino Steven Spielberg John Milius Jan-Michael Vincent Robert Englund Stacy Peralta Gary Busey Lee Purcell Frankie Avalon John Stockwell Nia Peeples William Katt Laird Hamilton Greg Noll Kathy Kohner-Zuckerman Rick Dano Holly Beck " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Gettysburg_Address", "1865_State_of_the_Union_Address", "By_the_People_-LRB-disambiguation-RRB-", "George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom", "The_King's_Speech-COLON-_How_One_Man_Saved_the_British_Monarchy" ]

[ "The Gettysburg Address is a speech by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln , one of the best-known in American history . It was delivered by Lincoln during the American Civil War , on the afternoon of Thursday , November 19 , 1863 , at the dedication of the Soldiers ' National Cemetery in Gettysburg , Pennsylvania , four and a half months after the Union armies defeated those of the Confederacy at the Battle of Gettysburg . Abraham Lincoln 's carefully crafted address , secondary to other presentations that day , was one of the greatest and most influential statements of national purpose . In just over two minutes , Lincoln reiterated the principles of human equality espoused by the Declaration of Independence and proclaimed the Civil War as a struggle for the preservation of the Union sundered by the secession crisis , with `` a new birth of freedom '' that would bring true equality to all of its citizens . Lincoln also redefined the Civil War as a struggle not just for the Union , but also for the principle of human equality . Beginning with the now-iconic phrase `` Four score and seven years ago '' -- referring to the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776 -- Lincoln examined the founding principles of the United States as stated in the Declaration of Independence . In the context of the Civil War , Lincoln also memorialized the sacrifices of those who gave their lives at Gettysburg and extolled virtues for the listeners -LRB- and the nation -RRB- to ensure the survival of America 's representative democracy : that `` government of the people , by the people , for the people , shall not perish from the earth . '' Despite the speech 's prominent place in the history and popular culture of the United States , the exact wording and location of the speech are disputed . The five known manuscripts of the Gettysburg Address in Lincoln 's hand differ in a number of details , and also differ from contemporary newspaper reprints of the speech . Modern scholarship locates the speakers ' platform 40 yards -LRB- or more -RRB- away from the Traditional Site within Soldiers ' National Cemetery at the Soldiers ' National Monument and entirely within private , adjacent Evergreen Cemetery . ", "The 1865 State of the Union Address was written by the 17th President of the United States , Andrew Johnson . It was presented to the United States Congress on December 4 , 1865 . He stated , `` Our thoughts next revert to the death of the late President by an act of parricidal treason . The grief of the nation is still fresh . It finds some solace in the consideration that he lived to enjoy the highest proof of its confidence by entering on the renewed term of the Chief Magistracy to which he had been elected ; that he brought the civil war substantially to a close ; that his loss was deplored in all parts of the Union , and that foreign nations have rendered justice to his memory . '' The American Civil War had ended , and now it was time for the Reconstruction era to begin . ", "By the People is a 2005 Malayalam movie sequel to the film 4 the People . By the People may also refer to : A Gettysburg Address phrase : `` government of the people , by the people , for the people '' By the People : The Election of Barack Obama , a documentary on the election on Barack Obama to the presidency of the United States ", "George III -LRB- George William Frederick ; 4 June 1738 -- 29 January 1820 -RRB- was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two countries on 1 January 1801 , after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death . He was concurrently Duke and prince-elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg -LRB- `` Hanover '' -RRB- in the Holy Roman Empire until his promotion to King of Hanover on 12 October 1814 . He was the third British monarch of the House of Hanover , but unlike his two predecessors he was born in Britain , spoke English as his first language , and never visited Hanover . His life and with it his reign , which were longer than any other British monarch before him , were marked by a series of military conflicts involving his kingdoms , much of the rest of Europe , and places farther afield in Africa , the Americas and Asia . Early in his reign , Great Britain defeated France in the Seven Years ' War , becoming the dominant European power in North America and India . However , many of Britain 's American colonies were soon lost in the American War of Independence . Further wars against revolutionary and Napoleonic France from 1793 concluded in the defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 . In the later part of his life , George III had recurrent , and eventually permanent , mental illness . Although it has since been suggested that he had the blood disease porphyria , the cause of his illness remains unknown . After a final relapse in 1810 , a regency was established , and George III 's eldest son , George , Prince of Wales , ruled as Prince Regent . On George III 's death , the Prince Regent succeeded his father as George IV . Historical analysis of George III 's life has gone through a `` kaleidoscope of changing views '' that have depended heavily on the prejudices of his biographers and the sources available to them . Until it was reassessed in the second half of the 20th century , his reputation in the United States was one of a tyrant ; and in Britain he became `` the scapegoat for the failure of imperialism '' . ", "The King 's Speech : How One Man Saved the British Monarchy is a book written by Peter Conradi and Mark Logue . Logue 's father , Lionel Logue , was a speech and language therapist who helped Prince Albert , Duke of York , -LRB- later George VI -RRB- manage his difficulties in public speaking with a severe stutter . The 2010 film The King 's Speech was based on Lionel Logue 's experience with Prince Albert . Category : British historical novels Category : British novels adapted into films Category : Cultural depictions of George VI " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 1 ]

[ "Terrence_Howard", "Iron_Man_-LRB-2008_film-RRB-", "Ron_Howard", "Iron_Man", "Cole_Howard_-LRB-voice_actor-RRB-" ]

[ "Terrence Dashon Howard -LRB- born March 11 , 1969 -RRB- is an American actor and singer . Having his first major roles in the 1995 films Dead Presidents and Mr. Holland 's Opus , Howard broke into the mainstream with a succession of television and cinema roles between 2004 and 2006 . He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Hustle & Flow . Howard has had prominent roles in many other movies including Winnie , Ray , Lackawanna Blues , Crash , Four Brothers , Get Rich or Die Tryin ' , Idlewild , August Rush , The Brave One and Prisoners . Howard played James Rhodes in Iron Man and reprised the role in the video game adaptation . However , he was replaced by Don Cheadle for the future films . He currently stars as the lead character Lucious Lyon in the television series Empire . His debut album , Shine Through It , was released in September 2008 . ", "Iron Man is a 2008 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name , produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Paramount Pictures . It is the first film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe . The film was directed by Jon Favreau , with a screenplay by Mark Fergus & Hawk Ostby and Art Marcum & Matt Holloway . It stars Robert Downey Jr. , Terrence Howard , Jeff Bridges , Shaun Toub and Gwyneth Paltrow . In Iron Man , Tony Stark , an industrialist and master engineer , builds a powered exoskeleton and becomes the technologically advanced superhero Iron Man . The film had been in development since 1990 at Universal Pictures , 20th Century Fox , or New Line Cinema at various times , before Marvel Studios reacquired the rights in 2006 . Marvel put the project in production as its first self-financed film , with Paramount Pictures as its distributor . Favreau signed on as director , aiming for a naturalistic feel , and he chose to shoot the film primarily in California , rejecting the East Coast setting of the comics to differentiate the film from numerous superhero films set in New York City-esque environments . Filming began in March 2007 and concluded in June . During filming , the actors were free to create their own dialogue because pre-production was focused on the story and action . Rubber and metal versions of the armors , created by Stan Winston 's company , were mixed with computer-generated imagery to create the title character . Iron Man premiered in Sydney on April 14 , 2008 , and was released in theaters on May 2 , 2008 . The film was a critical and commercial success , grossing over $ 585 million and garnering widespread critical acclaim . Downey 's performance as Tony Stark was particularly praised . The American Film Institute selected the film as one of the ten best of the year . It was also nominated for two Academy Awards for the Best Sound Editing and the Best Visual Effects . Two sequels , Iron Man 2 and Iron Man 3 , were released on May 7 , 2010 , and May 3 , 2013 , respectively . ", "Ronald William `` Ron '' Howard -LRB- born March 1 , 1954 -RRB- is an American actor and filmmaker . Howard is best known for playing two high-profile roles in television sitcoms in his youth and directing a number of successful feature films later in his career . Howard first came to prominence playing young Opie Taylor in the sitcom The Andy Griffith Show for eight years and later playing teenager Richie Cunningham in the sitcom Happy Days for seven years . He appeared in the musical film The Music Man -LRB- 1962 -RRB- , the comedy film The Courtship of Eddie 's Father -LRB- 1963 -RRB- , the coming of age film American Graffiti -LRB- 1973 -RRB- , the western film The Shootist -LRB- 1976 -RRB- , and the comedy film Grand Theft Auto -LRB- 1977 -RRB- , which he also directed . In 1980 , Howard left Happy Days to focus on directing . His films include : the science-fiction/fantasy film Cocoon -LRB- 1985 -RRB- , the historical docudrama Apollo 13 -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , the biographical drama A Beautiful Mind -LRB- 2001 -RRB- -LRB- earning him the Academy Award for Best Director -RRB- , and the thriller The Da Vinci Code -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . In 2002 , Howard narrated the Fox comedy series , Arrested Development , on which he would also serve as producer and play a semi-fictionalized version of himself . In 2003 , Howard was awarded the National Medal of Arts . Asteroid 12561 Howard is named after him . He was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame in 2013 . Howard has two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions in the television and motion pictures industries . ", "Iron Man -LRB- Anthony Edward `` Tony '' Stark -RRB- is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character was created by writer and editor Stan Lee , developed by scripter Larry Lieber , and designed by artists Don Heck and Jack Kirby . The character made his first appearance in Tales of Suspense # 39 -LRB- cover dated March 1963 -RRB- . A wealthy American business magnate , playboy , and ingenious engineer , Tony Stark suffers a severe chest injury during a kidnapping in which his captors attempt to force him to build a weapon of mass destruction . He instead creates a powered suit of armor to save his life and escape captivity . Later , Stark augments his suit with weapons and other technological devices he designed through his company , Stark Industries . He uses the suit and successive versions to protect the world as Iron Man , while at first concealing his true identity . Initially , Iron Man was a vehicle for Stan Lee to explore Cold War themes , particularly the role of American technology and business in the fight against communism . Subsequent re-imaginings of Iron Man have transitioned from Cold War themes to contemporary concerns , such as corporate crime and terrorism . Throughout most of the character 's publication history , Iron Man has been a founding member of the superhero team the Avengers and has been featured in several incarnations of his own various comic book series . Iron Man has been adapted for several animated TV shows and films . The character is portrayed by Robert Downey Jr. in the live action film Iron Man -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , which was a critical and box office success . Downey , who received much acclaim for his performance , reprised the role in a cameo in The Incredible Hulk -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , two Iron Man sequels Iron Man 2 -LRB- 2010 -RRB- and Iron Man 3 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , The Avengers -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Avengers : Age of Ultron -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , and Captain America : Civil War -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , and will do so again in Spider-Man : Homecoming -LRB- 2017 -RRB- as well as Avengers : Infinity War -LRB- 2018 -RRB- and its untitled sequel -LRB- 2019 -RRB- in the Marvel Cinematic Universe . Iron Man was ranked 12th on IGN 's `` Top 100 Comic Book Heroes '' in 2011 , and third in their list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' in 2012 . ", "Cole Howard -LRB- born 1989 -RRB- is a Canadian stage and voice actor currently living near Vancouver , British Columbia . He voices for films , commercials , anime , cartoons , and video games . He was the voice lead in Bob 's Broken Sleigh . He is also known for his performances as Kosuke Ueki from The Law of Ueki , Van Yamano from Little Battlers Experience and Lief from Deltora Quest . " ]

[ 2, 2, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Terrence_Howard", "Iron_Man_-LRB-2008_film-RRB-", "Ron_Howard", "Iron_Man", "Cole_Howard_-LRB-voice_actor-RRB-" ]

[ "Terrence Dashon Howard -LRB- born March 11 , 1969 -RRB- is an American actor and singer . Having his first major roles in the 1995 films Dead Presidents and Mr. Holland 's Opus , Howard broke into the mainstream with a succession of television and cinema roles between 2004 and 2006 . He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Hustle & Flow . Howard has had prominent roles in many other movies including Winnie , Ray , Lackawanna Blues , Crash , Four Brothers , Get Rich or Die Tryin ' , Idlewild , August Rush , The Brave One and Prisoners . Howard played James Rhodes in Iron Man and reprised the role in the video game adaptation . However , he was replaced by Don Cheadle for the future films . He currently stars as the lead character Lucious Lyon in the television series Empire . His debut album , Shine Through It , was released in September 2008 . ", "Iron Man is a 2008 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name , produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Paramount Pictures . It is the first film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe . The film was directed by Jon Favreau , with a screenplay by Mark Fergus & Hawk Ostby and Art Marcum & Matt Holloway . It stars Robert Downey Jr. , Terrence Howard , Jeff Bridges , Shaun Toub and Gwyneth Paltrow . In Iron Man , Tony Stark , an industrialist and master engineer , builds a powered exoskeleton and becomes the technologically advanced superhero Iron Man . The film had been in development since 1990 at Universal Pictures , 20th Century Fox , or New Line Cinema at various times , before Marvel Studios reacquired the rights in 2006 . Marvel put the project in production as its first self-financed film , with Paramount Pictures as its distributor . Favreau signed on as director , aiming for a naturalistic feel , and he chose to shoot the film primarily in California , rejecting the East Coast setting of the comics to differentiate the film from numerous superhero films set in New York City-esque environments . Filming began in March 2007 and concluded in June . During filming , the actors were free to create their own dialogue because pre-production was focused on the story and action . Rubber and metal versions of the armors , created by Stan Winston 's company , were mixed with computer-generated imagery to create the title character . Iron Man premiered in Sydney on April 14 , 2008 , and was released in theaters on May 2 , 2008 . The film was a critical and commercial success , grossing over $ 585 million and garnering widespread critical acclaim . Downey 's performance as Tony Stark was particularly praised . The American Film Institute selected the film as one of the ten best of the year . It was also nominated for two Academy Awards for the Best Sound Editing and the Best Visual Effects . Two sequels , Iron Man 2 and Iron Man 3 , were released on May 7 , 2010 , and May 3 , 2013 , respectively . ", "Ronald William `` Ron '' Howard -LRB- born March 1 , 1954 -RRB- is an American actor and filmmaker . Howard is best known for playing two high-profile roles in television sitcoms in his youth and directing a number of successful feature films later in his career . Howard first came to prominence playing young Opie Taylor in the sitcom The Andy Griffith Show for eight years and later playing teenager Richie Cunningham in the sitcom Happy Days for seven years . He appeared in the musical film The Music Man -LRB- 1962 -RRB- , the comedy film The Courtship of Eddie 's Father -LRB- 1963 -RRB- , the coming of age film American Graffiti -LRB- 1973 -RRB- , the western film The Shootist -LRB- 1976 -RRB- , and the comedy film Grand Theft Auto -LRB- 1977 -RRB- , which he also directed . In 1980 , Howard left Happy Days to focus on directing . His films include : the science-fiction/fantasy film Cocoon -LRB- 1985 -RRB- , the historical docudrama Apollo 13 -LRB- 1995 -RRB- , the biographical drama A Beautiful Mind -LRB- 2001 -RRB- -LRB- earning him the Academy Award for Best Director -RRB- , and the thriller The Da Vinci Code -LRB- 2006 -RRB- . In 2002 , Howard narrated the Fox comedy series , Arrested Development , on which he would also serve as producer and play a semi-fictionalized version of himself . In 2003 , Howard was awarded the National Medal of Arts . Asteroid 12561 Howard is named after him . He was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame in 2013 . Howard has two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions in the television and motion pictures industries . ", "Iron Man -LRB- Anthony Edward `` Tony '' Stark -RRB- is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character was created by writer and editor Stan Lee , developed by scripter Larry Lieber , and designed by artists Don Heck and Jack Kirby . The character made his first appearance in Tales of Suspense # 39 -LRB- cover dated March 1963 -RRB- . A wealthy American business magnate , playboy , and ingenious engineer , Tony Stark suffers a severe chest injury during a kidnapping in which his captors attempt to force him to build a weapon of mass destruction . He instead creates a powered suit of armor to save his life and escape captivity . Later , Stark augments his suit with weapons and other technological devices he designed through his company , Stark Industries . He uses the suit and successive versions to protect the world as Iron Man , while at first concealing his true identity . Initially , Iron Man was a vehicle for Stan Lee to explore Cold War themes , particularly the role of American technology and business in the fight against communism . Subsequent re-imaginings of Iron Man have transitioned from Cold War themes to contemporary concerns , such as corporate crime and terrorism . Throughout most of the character 's publication history , Iron Man has been a founding member of the superhero team the Avengers and has been featured in several incarnations of his own various comic book series . Iron Man has been adapted for several animated TV shows and films . The character is portrayed by Robert Downey Jr. in the live action film Iron Man -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , which was a critical and box office success . Downey , who received much acclaim for his performance , reprised the role in a cameo in The Incredible Hulk -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , two Iron Man sequels Iron Man 2 -LRB- 2010 -RRB- and Iron Man 3 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , The Avengers -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Avengers : Age of Ultron -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , and Captain America : Civil War -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , and will do so again in Spider-Man : Homecoming -LRB- 2017 -RRB- as well as Avengers : Infinity War -LRB- 2018 -RRB- and its untitled sequel -LRB- 2019 -RRB- in the Marvel Cinematic Universe . Iron Man was ranked 12th on IGN 's `` Top 100 Comic Book Heroes '' in 2011 , and third in their list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' in 2012 . ", "Cole Howard -LRB- born 1989 -RRB- is a Canadian stage and voice actor currently living near Vancouver , British Columbia . He voices for films , commercials , anime , cartoons , and video games . He was the voice lead in Bob 's Broken Sleigh . He is also known for his performances as Kosuke Ueki from The Law of Ueki , Van Yamano from Little Battlers Experience and Lief from Deltora Quest . " ]

[ 2, 2, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "James_Spader", "Benjamin_H._Read", "Jordi_Caballero", "Tige_Andrews", "Joe_Lockhart" ]

[ "James Todd Spader -LRB- born February 7 , 1960 -RRB- is an American actor . He is best known for portraying eccentric characters in films such as the drama Sex , Lies , and Videotape -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , the action science fiction film Stargate -LRB- 1994 -RRB- , the controversial psychological thriller Crash -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , the erotic romance Secretary -LRB- 2002 -RRB- , and the blockbuster superhero film Avengers : Age of Ultron -LRB- 2015 -RRB- . His best-known television roles are those of attorney Alan Shore in The Practice and its spin-off Boston Legal -LRB- for which he won three Emmy Awards -RRB- , and Robert California in the comedy-mockumentary The Office . He currently stars as high-profile criminal-turned-FBI-informant Raymond `` Red '' Reddington in the NBC crime drama The Blacklist , for which he has earned two Golden Globe Award nominations . ", "Benjamin Huger Read -LRB- 1925 -- 1993 -RRB- was United States Under Secretary of State for Management from 1978 to 1981 . ", "Jordi Caballero -LRB- born February 5 , 1965 -RRB- is a Catalan actor , dancer , choreographer and producer for stage , film , and television . Caballero received a Best Supporting Actor nomination at the 2003 Method Fest Independent Film Festival for his role as Captain Madrid in the film I Witness co-starring James Spader and Jeff Daniels . He has also been a two-time American Choreography Award nominee . As an actor , Caballero is known for portraying characters of Spanish , Italian and Euro-Mediterranean descent . ", "Tige Andrews -LRB- March 19 , 1920 -- January 27 , 2007 -RRB- was an American character actor . He is best remembered for his law-enforcement roles as Captain Adam Greer and Lieutenant Johnny Russo in two ABC crime drama television series , The Mod Squad and The Detectives Starring Robert Taylor respectively . ", "Joseph Patrick `` Joe '' Lockhart -LRB- born July 13 , 1959 -RRB- is a spokesman and communications consultant , best known for being the White House Press Secretary from October 5 , 1998 to September 29 , 2000 , during the administration of U.S. President Bill Clinton . He worked as press secretary for several Democratic politicians , including Walter Mondale , Paul Simon , and Michael Dukakis ; he was an advisor to John Kerry during his 2004 presidential campaign . He subsequently founded and became managing director of the communications consulting firm Glover Park Group , a position he held until June 2011 , when Facebook recruited him to become its company spokesman . In 2013 , he rejoined Glover Park Group . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "Jean-Jacques_Dessalines", "Jean-Étienne-Marie_Portalis", "Jean-Jacques-Antoine_Caussin_de_Perceval", "Charles_Millon", "Kitsos_Botsaris" ]

[ "Jean-Jacques Dessalines -LRB- -LSB- ʒɑ̃ ʒak dɛs.salin -RSB- ; 20 September 1758 -- 17 October 1806 -RRB- was a leader of the Haitian Revolution and the first ruler of an independent Haiti under the 1805 constitution . Initially regarded as governor-general , Dessalines later named himself Emperor Jacques I of Haiti -LRB- 1804 -- 1806 -RRB- . He is regarded as a founding father of Haiti . Dessalines served as an officer in the French army , when the colony was fending off Spanish and British incursions . Later he rose to become a commander in the revolt against France . As Toussaint Louverture 's principal lieutenant , he led many successful engagements , including the Battle of Crête-à-Pierrot . After the betrayal and capture of Toussaint Louverture in 1802 , Dessalines became the leader of the revolution . He defeated a French army at the Battle of Vertières in 1803 . Declaring Haiti an independent nation in 1804 , Dessalines was chosen by a council of generals to assume the office of governor-general . He ordered the 1804 Haiti massacre of the white Haitian minority , resulting in the deaths of between 3,000 and 5,000 people , between February and April 1804 . In September 1804 , he proclaimed himself emperor and ruled in that capacity until being assassinated in 1806 . ", "Jean-Étienne-Marie Portalis -LRB- 1 April 1746 -- 25 August 1807 -RRB- was a French jurist and politician in time of the French Revolution and the First Empire . His son , Joseph Marie Portalis , was a diplomat and statesman . ", "Jean-Jacques-Antoine Caussin de Perceval -LRB- 24 June 1759 -- 29 July 1835 -RRB- was an 18th -- 19th-century French orientalist . ", "Charles Marie Philippe Millon , born on 13 November 1945 in Belley , Ain , is a French politician . A member of the UDF , he was member of the French parliament for Ain and President of the Rhône-Alpes Regional Council . He was Minister of Defence from 1995 to 1997 in Alain Juppé 's government , and led the highly sensitive reform on the professionalization of the armed forces . In 1998 , in order to keep the presidency of the regional council , he agreed on being elected with votes from Jean-Marie Le Pen 's National Front and was subsequently expelled from the UDF . He then created his own party , called `` The Right '' , aiming at federating French libertarians and conservatives , which met limited success . He ran in 2001 for Mayor of Lyon . He has been nominated in 2003 as France 's ambassador to FAO , where he advocates for the development of Africa . ", "Kitsos Botsaris -LRB- ; born 1741 , Missolonghi ; died 1809 , Arta -RRB- , was a leader of the Souliotes , an autonomous community in Ottoman-ruled Epirus . He played a leading role in the aftermath of the last war between the Souliotes and the Ottoman ruler of Ioannina , Ali Pasha . He was the father of Kostas Botsaris and Markos Botsaris , who fought in the Greek War of Independence . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Sausage_Party", "Conrad_Vernon", "The_Birthday_Party_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Greg_Tiernan", "Two_Good_Comrades" ]

[ "Sausage Party is a 2016 adult computer-animated comedy film directed by Greg Tiernan and Conrad Vernon and written by Kyle Hunter , Ariel Shaffir , Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg . It stars the voices of Seth Rogen , Kristen Wiig , Jonah Hill , Bill Hader , Michael Cera , James Franco , Danny McBride , Craig Robinson , Paul Rudd , Nick Kroll , David Krumholtz , Edward Norton , and Salma Hayek . It is the first CGI-animated film to be rated R by the MPAA . A spoof of Disney and Pixar films , it follows a sausage who tries to discover the truth about his existence and goes on a journey with his friends to escape their fate . The film 's rough cut premiered on March 14 , 2016 at South by Southwest and the film was theatrically released in the United States and Canada on August 12 , 2016 by Columbia Pictures . The film received positive reviews from critics and grossed more than $ 140 million . ", "Conrad Vernon -LRB- born July 11 , 1968 -RRB- is an American director , storyboard artist , writer , and voice actor , best known for his work on the DreamWorks animated film series Shrek as well as other films such as Monsters vs. Aliens , Madagascar 3 : Europe 's Most Wanted , and Penguins of Madagascar . He also co-directed the adult animated film , Sausage Party , which is a spoof of his notable works in DreamWorks . ", "The Birthday Party is a 1968 British drama film directed by William Friedkin , and starring Robert Shaw , based on the 1957 play The Birthday Party by Harold Pinter . The screenplay for the film was written by Pinter as well . The film , and the play , are considered examples of `` comedy of menace '' , a genre associated with Pinter . The film was a passion project for Friedkin , who had been a fan of the play , and he remained proud of the film after its release , though it was a box office disappointment . ", "Greg Tiernan -LRB- born June 19 , 1965 -RRB- is an Irish-Canadian animator , director and voice actor . Along with his wife Nicole Stinn , he founded Nitrogen Studios Canada , Inc. in 2003 , through which he introduced CGI to the Thomas & Friends series . Prior to this , Tiernan collaborated on various projects with filmmaker Don Bluth , Walt Disney Animation Studios and Klasky Csupo , Inc. . Tiernan made his feature film debut with the long-gestating R-rated animated film Sausage Party -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , joining Conrad Vernon to direct production of a story conceived by Seth Rogen , Evan Goldberg and Jonah Hill . ", "Two Good Comrades -LRB- German : Zwei gute Kameraden -RRB- is a 1933 German war comedy film directed by Max Obal and starring Paul Hörbiger , Fritz Kampers and Jessie Vihrog . The film 's art direction was by Robert A. Dietrich and Bruno Lutz . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Pocahontas", "Pocahontas,_Missouri", "Savages_-LRB-Pocahontas_song-RRB-", "Powhatan_-LRB-Native_American_leader-RRB-", "John_Rolfe" ]

[ "Pocahontas -LRB- born Matoaka , known as Amonute , 1596 -- 1617 -RRB- was a Native American woman notable for her association with the colonial settlement at Jamestown , Virginia . Pocahontas was the daughter of Powhatan , the paramount chief of a network of tributary tribal nations in the Tsenacommacah , encompassing the Tidewater region of Virginia . In a well-known historical anecdote , she is said to have saved the life of a captive of the Native Americans , the Englishman John Smith , in 1607 by placing her head upon his own when her father raised his war club to execute him . Some historians have suggested that this story , as told by Smith , is untrue . Pocahontas was captured by the English during Anglo-Indian hostilities in 1613 , and held for ransom . During her captivity , she converted to Christianity and took the name Rebecca . When the opportunity arose for her to return to her people , she chose to remain with the English . In April 1614 , she married tobacco planter John Rolfe , and in January 1615 , bore their son , Thomas Rolfe . In 1616 , the Rolfes traveled to London . Pocahontas was presented to English society as an example of the `` civilized savage '' in hopes of stimulating investment in the Jamestown settlement . She became something of a celebrity , was elegantly fêted , and attended a masque at Whitehall Palace . In 1617 , the Rolfes set sail for Virginia , but Pocahontas died at Gravesend of unknown causes . She was buried in a church in Gravesend in the United Kingdom , but the exact location of her grave is unknown . Numerous places , landmarks , and products in the United States have been named after Pocahontas . Her story has been romanticized over the years , and she is a subject of art , literature , and film . Many famous people have claimed to be among her descendants through her son Thomas , including members of the First Families of Virginia , First Lady Edith Wilson , American Western actor Glenn Strange , and astronomer Percival Lowell . ", "Pocahontas is a village in Cape Girardeau County , Missouri , United States . The population was 114 at the 2010 census . It is part of the Cape Girardeau -- Jackson , MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area . ", "`` Savages '' is a song from the 1995 Disney animated film Pocahontas . It addresses themes of othering , xenophobia , and genocide . The song has been negatively received by critics , with some deeming it to be racist , arguing that it encourages the listener to dehumanise Native Americans . ", "Powhatan -LRB- June 17 , 1545 -- April 1618 -RRB- , whose proper name was Wahunsenacawh -LRB- alternately spelled Wahunsenacah , Wahunsunacock or Wahunsonacock -RRB- , was the paramount chief of Tsenacommacah , an alliance of Algonquian-speaking Virginia Indians in the Tidewater region of Virginia at the time English settlers landed at Jamestown in 1607 . Powhatan , alternately called `` King '' or `` Chief '' Powahatan by the English , led the main political and military power facing the early colonists , was probably the older brother of Opechancanough , who led attacks against the English in 1622 and 1644 . He was the father of Pocahontas , who eventually converted to Christianity and married the English settler John Rolfe . ", "John Rolfe -LRB- 1585 -- 1622 -RRB- was one of the early English settlers of North America . He is credited with the first successful cultivation of tobacco as an export crop in the Colony of Virginia and is known as the husband of Pocahontas , daughter of the chief of the Powhatan . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Tenth_Doctor", "The_End_of_Time_-LRB-Doctor_Who-RRB-", "The_Sixth_Doctor-COLON-_The_Last_Adventure", "The_Runaway_Bride_-LRB-Doctor_Who-RRB-", "Doctor_Who-COLON-_Destiny_of_the_Doctor" ]

[ "The Tenth Doctor is an incarnation of the Doctor , the protagonist of the BBC science fiction television programme Doctor Who , who is played by David Tennant in three series as well as nine specials . As with previous incarnations of the Doctor , the character has also appeared in other Doctor Who spin-offs . In the programme 's narrative , the Doctor is a centuries-old Time Lord alien from the planet Gallifrey who travels in time in his TARDIS , frequently with companions . When the Doctor is critically injured beyond medical repair , he can regenerate his body ; in doing so , his physical appearance and personality change , and a new actor assumes the role . Tennant 's portrayal of the Doctor is of an outwardly charismatic and charming adventurer whose likable and easygoing attitude can quickly turn to righteous fury when provoked . This incarnation 's companions include working class shop assistant Rose Tyler -LRB- Billie Piper -RRB- , medical student Martha Jones -LRB- Freema Agyeman -RRB- , and fiery temp worker Donna Noble -LRB- Catherine Tate -RRB- . He eventually parts ways with them all by the end of the 2008 series finale , `` Journey 's End '' , after which he attempts to travel alone for the duration of the 2008 -- 2010 specials before being accompanied by Donna Noble 's grandfather Wilfred Mott on his final adventure in The End of Time . In November 2013 , Tennant 's Doctor was voted `` The UK 's favourite Doctor '' in a survey held by the Radio Times magazine . ", "The End of Time is a two-part story from the British science fiction television programme Doctor Who . It was originally broadcast on BBC One in the United Kingdom on 25 December 2009 and 1 January 2010 , and is the fifth Doctor Who Christmas special . This is the last story for lead actor David Tennant , who hands over the role of alien time traveller the Doctor to Matt Smith . It is also the last Doctor Who story written and produced by Russell T Davies , who shepherded the series ' return to British television in 2005 and served as the series ' executive producer and chief writer . Davies was succeeded as executive producer and showrunner by Steven Moffat . Bernard Cribbins , who appeared in the story `` Voyage of the Damned '' and throughout Series 4 as Wilfred Mott , grandfather of Donna Noble , acts as the companion to the Doctor in this two-part story . The special also features the return of many other actors to the show , including Catherine Tate , John Simm , Jacqueline King , Alexandra Moen , Billie Piper , Camille Coduri , Freema Agyeman , Noel Clarke , John Barrowman , Elisabeth Sladen , Tommy Knight , Jessica Hynes and Russell Tovey . The story features the Tenth Doctor -LRB- Tennant -RRB- , who has been running from a prophecy of his impending demise , as he is drawn into a scheme by his old nemesis , the Master -LRB- Simm -RRB- . The Master brings the human race under his control as part of an elaborate plan to restore the world of his and the Doctor 's own people , the Time Lords , from their demise in the Time War referred to in the series . The Doctor is able to avert this , but incurs fatal injuries . In the episode 's conclusion , as has happened before , the Doctor regenerates and becomes a new man -- with a new personality and physical traits -- setting up the show 's following series with Matt Smith as the star and Steven Moffat as executive producer . ", "The Sixth Doctor : The Last Adventure is a British audio drama based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who . Within the narrative of the series , the Doctor , its principal character , is a time-travelling alien known as a Time Lord , whose biological characteristics allow him to regenerate into a new form to circumvent an otherwise deadly experience ; the device has been used to allow for a change in lead actor every few years in the production of the televised series . The sixth such instance was depicted in 1987 in Time and the Rani , but due to the firing between seasons of actor Colin Baker , who had portrayed the Sixth Doctor , the event was given less screen time and explanation than other of the Doctor 's regenerations . Big Finish Productions producer David Richardson approached Baker in 2014 , after seeing `` The Time of the Doctor '' , which had depicted -LRB- on television -RRB- the regeneration of the Eleventh Doctor into the Twelfth : `` I felt very strongly that regeneration stories , and each Doctor 's final end , are very important to Doctor Who fans - these are stories that allow us to see the Doctor at his most courageous , making a sacrifice that only makes us love him more . '' Baker , who had been working with Big Finish since 1999 , agreed to participate , saying that his depiction of the Doctor `` did not benefit from '' the difficult circumstances the show faced in the 1980s , and that Big Finish 's work was `` the only reason -LSB- he had -RSB- agreed to bring -LSB- his -RSB- Doctor to an end '' . The audio drama consists of four one-hour episodes , each by a different author and each pairing the Doctor with a different companion and taking place at a different point in his life , but all unified by the presence of the villainous Valeyard , a potential future version of the Doctor introduced in Baker 's last television serial , The Trial of a Time Lord . Besides Baker , Michael Jayston and Bonnie Langford reprised their roles from The Trial of a Time Lord , respectively as the Valeyard and as the Doctor 's companion Mel . The Doctor -- Colin Baker The Valeyard -- Michael Jayston -LRB- appears in all four episodes but is not credited for his cameo in The End of the Line -RRB- ", "`` The Runaway Bride '' is a special episode of the long-running British science fiction television programme Doctor Who , starring David Tennant as the Tenth Doctor . It was produced as the Doctor Who Christmas special for 2006 , broadcast on 25 December , the second Christmas special after the previous `` The Christmas Invasion '' which introduced the third series while not actually being part of it . It features Catherine Tate as Donna , who appeared in the TARDIS at the end of the previous episode , `` Doomsday '' . ", "Doctor Who : Destiny of the Doctor is a series of audiobooks produced by Big Finish Productions for AudioGo . They were released monthly through the first eleven months of 2013 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of British television series Doctor Who . The series - composed of eleven separate releases , one for each incarnation of the Doctor - is performed in the third-person by an actor associated with each era of the show , with additional dialogue provided by a guest actor , in a similar vein to Big Finish 's own The Companion Chronicles series . The series is notable for being the first time Big Finish was allowed to directly feature current era -LRB- 2005 onwards -RRB- characters , due to the collaboration with AudioGo . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Simon_Cowell", "James_Simon_-LRB-sculptor-RRB-", "Simon_Jowett", "Simon_Cohen", "Syco" ]

[ "Simon Phillip Cowell -LRB- -LSB- ˈkaʊəl -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- born 7 October 1959 -RRB- is an English reality television judge and producer , entrepreneur , and philanthropist . He is most recognised as a judge on the British TV talent competition series Pop Idol , The X Factor , and Britain 's Got Talent , and the American TV talent competition shows American Idol , The X Factor , and America 's Got Talent . Cowell is the principal founder and chief executive of the British entertainment company Syco . As a judge , Cowell often makes blunt and controversial comments , including insults and wisecracks about contestants and their singing abilities . He combines activities in both the television and music industries . Cowell has produced and promoted singles and albums for various singers that he has taken under his wing . He is currently appearing on the eleventh Series of Britain 's Got Talent and , recently , the thirteenth series of UK 's The X Factor along with the eleventh series of America 's Got Talent . In 2004 and 2010 , Time named Cowell one of the 100 most influential people in the world . In 2008 The Daily Telegraph ranked him sixth in their list of the `` 100 most powerful people in British culture '' . ", "James Simon is an American sculptor and mosaic artist based in Pittsburgh , PA. . He is known for his large-scale public art projects-with compositions that celebrate life and diverse cultures . ", "Simon Jowett is a British author and scriptwriter . ", "Simon Cohen -LRB- b. April 19 , 1979 -RRB- is a British social commentator , public speaker , broadcaster and marketing consultant . At age 24 , he founded the international communications agency Global Tolerance , working with nonprofit organizations -LRB- NPOs -RRB- , charities , non-governmental organizations -LRB- NGOs -RRB- , and peace activists . In 2014 , after suspending his business 's activities for a year , he decided not to return to the company , instead chosing to focus on his family . He launched what he called an `` open leadership exercise '' , a public competition in five stages , which eventually led to him giving away the company , reported to be worth approximately # 1 million . ", "Syco Entertainment , often known simply as Syco , is a British entertainment company established by British entertainment mogul Simon Cowell . The company operates a record label , talent agency , film , music , and television production company , as well as a music publishing house . It operates a global joint venture between Cowell and Sony Music Entertainment focused on the production and marketing of music , television , film and digital content . It employs a staff of more than 50 in offices in London and Los Angeles , and manages a string of high-profile television and music brands through partnerships with the label Sony Music and the television production company , FremantleMedia . Syco was initially owned by Simon Cowell , then sold to Sony . But in 2010 , a new company was formed as a 50/50 partnership between Cowell and Sony , keeping the pre-existing name Syco but titled as Syco Entertainment . In 2015 , it was announced that the Syco Entertainment joint venture would be extended for a further 6 years . Retail billionaire Sir Philip Green , a close friend of Cowell , serves as an advisor to the company . Karren Brady , television personality and vice-chairman of West Ham United F.C. , also serves as an advisor to the company . Syco has three main divisions - Syco Music , Syco TV and Syco Film . Syco Music releases recordings from its roster of artists , mostly from Cowell 's television shows , such as One Direction , Little Mix , Leona Lewis , Susan Boyle , Emblem3 , and Fifth Harmony , and others such as Il Divo . Syco TV is responsible for The X Factor and the Got Talent television franchise , which have been produced in 41 and 52 countries respectively , as well as other television projects . Syco Film is involved in the production of films such as One Direction : This Is Us . Syco is also involved in the production of the musical I Ca n't Sing ! The X Factor Musical . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Jean-Jacques-Antoine_Caussin_de_Perceval", "Louis_Bastien_-LRB-Esperantist-RRB-", "Jacques_Masdeu-Arus", "Charles-François_Toustain", "Jacques_Rennes" ]

[ "Jean-Jacques-Antoine Caussin de Perceval -LRB- 24 June 1759 -- 29 July 1835 -RRB- was an 18th -- 19th-century French orientalist . ", "Louis Marie Jules Charles Bastien -LRB- December 21 , 1869 in Obernai , near Strasbourg -- April 10 , 1961 -RRB- was a French Esperantist and a quartermaster in the French army . In 1899 he married Marguerite Pfulb -LRB- 1879 -- 1941 -RRB- ; the couple had three daughters and two sons . In school he learned mathematics , classical French literature , Latin and Greek and learned to compose Latin verse . After a year of preparatory studies at l'Ecole Sainte-Geneviève in Versailles he entered l'Ecole Polytechnique in 1887 at the age of 17 . Not having the maturity of his older classmates , he did not excel in his studies and , on graduation in 1889 , had to content himself with a military career . ", "Jacques Masdeu-Arus -LRB- born August 7 , 1942 -RRB- was a member of the National Assembly of France . He represented the Yvelines department , and is a member of the Union for a Popular Movement . ", "Charles-François Toustain -LRB- born at Repas in the diocese of Séez , France , 13 October 1700 , died at Saint-Denis , 1 July 1754 -RRB- was a French historian and Benedictine , member of the Congregation of St-Maur . He belonged to a family of note . On 20 July 1718 , he made the vows of the order at Jumièges . After finishing the philosophical and theological course at the Abbey of Fécamp , he was sent to the monastery of Bonne-Nouvelle at Rouen , to learn Hebrew and Greek . At the same time he studied Italian , English , German , and Dutch , in order to be able to understand the writers in these languages . He was not ordained priest until 1729 and then only at the express command of his superior . He always said Mass with much trepidation and only after long preparation . In 1730 he entered the Abbey of St-Ouen at Rouen , went later to the Abbey of St-Germain-des-Pres and Blancs-Manteaux , and died while taking his milk-cure at Saint-Denis . He had worn out his body by fasting and ascetic practices . His theological opinions inclined to Jansenism . As a scholar he made himself an honoured name . He worked for twenty years with a fellow-member of the order , Dom Tassin , on an edition of the works of St. Theodore of Studium . It was never printed , for a publisher could not be found . Another common undertaking of the two is the `` Nouveau traité de diplomatique '' -LRB- 6 vols. , 1750 -- 65 -RRB- in which they treated more fully and thoroughly the subjects taken up in Mabillon 's great work `` De re diplomatica '' . The publication of Toustain and Tassin is of permanent value . The last four volumes were edited by Tassin alone after Toustain 's death . Of general interest among Toustain 's personal writings are : `` La vérité persécutée par l'erreur '' -LRB- 2 vols. , 1733 -RRB- , a collection of the writings of the Fathers on the persecutions of the first eight centuries ; and `` L'authorité de miracles dans l'Église '' -LRB- no date -RRB- , in which he expounds the opinion of St. Augustine . Tassin testifies that he was zealous in his duties , modest , and sincerely religious . Category :1700 births Category :1754 deaths Category : French historians Category : French Benedictines Category : Fécamp Abbey Category : French male writers ", "Jacques Rennes -LRB- 9 October 1875 -- 3 August 1970 -RRB- was a French philosopher and veterinarian . Category : People from Saintes , Charente-Maritime Category :1875 births Category :1970 deaths Category :20 th-century French writers Category : French trade unionists Category : French veterinarians Category : French male writers " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Simon_Cowell", "Charity_Projects_Entertainment_Fund", "Lady_Garden_Campaign", "Simon_Cohen", "Mental_Health_Research_UK" ]

[ "Simon Phillip Cowell -LRB- -LSB- ˈkaʊəl -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- born 7 October 1959 -RRB- is an English reality television judge and producer , entrepreneur , and philanthropist . He is most recognised as a judge on the British TV talent competition series Pop Idol , The X Factor , and Britain 's Got Talent , and the American TV talent competition shows American Idol , The X Factor , and America 's Got Talent . Cowell is the principal founder and chief executive of the British entertainment company Syco . As a judge , Cowell often makes blunt and controversial comments , including insults and wisecracks about contestants and their singing abilities . He combines activities in both the television and music industries . Cowell has produced and promoted singles and albums for various singers that he has taken under his wing . He is currently appearing on the eleventh Series of Britain 's Got Talent and , recently , the thirteenth series of UK 's The X Factor along with the eleventh series of America 's Got Talent . In 2004 and 2010 , Time named Cowell one of the 100 most influential people in the world . In 2008 The Daily Telegraph ranked him sixth in their list of the `` 100 most powerful people in British culture '' . ", "Charity Projects Entertainment Fund -LRB- CPEF -RRB- is a North American charity committed to fighting extreme poverty in the US & Africa . It was founded in 2007 by Richard Curtis , Kevin Cahill and Simon Fuller . On 24/25 April 2007 CPEF teamed up with Fox and American Idol to create `` Idol Gives Back '' which raised over $ 70 million for various projects . ", "Lady Garden is a social media campaign by the Gynaecological Cancer Fund , based in the United Kingdom . The campaign is to promote screening , raise awareness and funding for the treatment of gynecological cancers . Mika Simmons started the Gynaecological Cancer Fund before a number of well-known celebrities joined the cause . Simmons was then joined by Jenny Halpern Prince , Chloe Delevingne , Astrid Harbord , and Clare Beckwith and her sister , Tamara Beckwith . Since 2015 , the campaign has coordinated its promotional efforts around Gynaecological Cancer Awareness Month , which takes place in Britain in every September . In April 2016 , it held its first Lady Garden 5k , which took place in Battersea Park , London . Amber Le Bon was the face of the campaign during its first year . During 2016 , Cara Delevingne has been the face of the campaign . It has also received support from Topshop , who sold their 2016 hoodies in stores and online . ", "Simon Cohen -LRB- b. April 19 , 1979 -RRB- is a British social commentator , public speaker , broadcaster and marketing consultant . At age 24 , he founded the international communications agency Global Tolerance , working with nonprofit organizations -LRB- NPOs -RRB- , charities , non-governmental organizations -LRB- NGOs -RRB- , and peace activists . In 2014 , after suspending his business 's activities for a year , he decided not to return to the company , instead chosing to focus on his family . He launched what he called an `` open leadership exercise '' , a public competition in five stages , which eventually led to him giving away the company , reported to be worth approximately # 1 million . ", "Mental Health Research UK -LRB- Charity No : 1125538 -RRB- is the UK 's first charity dedicated to funding research into the causes of mental illness in order to develop better treatments with fewer side-effects . Co-founded in 2008 by Professor Clair Chilvers , the late John Grace QC , and Dr. Laura Davidson , the charity advertises funds available for Ph.D research scholarships , for which Universities apply . The charity has a scientific advisory board , and shortlisted candidates are interviewed . The successful University then advertises for the best Ph.D student in a further competitive process . To date , Mental Health Research UK has awarded nine research scholarships , each worth in the region of # 120,000 , in the areas of schizophrenia , depression , bipolar , and suicidal behaviour . In 2014 , MHRUK linked with the Schizophrenia Research Fund -LRB- SRF -RRB- , with the Trustees of SRF joining MHRUK 's Trustees who now manage both charities . MHRUK has pledged to use 95 % of all funds raised for the charity for its core aim : mental health research . Mental Health Research UK has a strong link to the legal profession , with three of its Trustees being barristers -LRB- John Grace QC , Dr. Laura Davidson , and the President of the Supreme Court , Lord David Neuberger -RRB- . The charity set up the John Grace QC Ph.D scholarship focusing on schizophrenia in memory of the late John Grace who died from a brain tumour in 2011 , and who had a relative who suffered from the disorder . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 2 ]

[ "Maximum_Overdrive", "The_Dead_Zone_-LRB-novel-RRB-", "The_Slow_Mutants", "Stephen_King", "Charge,_Zero_Emissions/Maximum_Speed" ]

[ "Maximum Overdrive is a 1986 American science fiction action horror comedy film written and directed by Stephen King . The film stars Emilio Estevez , Pat Hingle , Laura Harrington , and Yeardley Smith . The screenplay was inspired by and loosely based on King 's short story `` Trucks '' , which was included in King 's first collection of short stories , Night Shift . Maximum Overdrive is King 's only directorial effort , though dozens of films have been based on one of his novels or short stories . The film contained black humor elements and a generally campy tone , which contrasts with King 's sombre subject matter in books . The film has a mid-1980s hard rock soundtrack composed entirely by the group AC/DC , King 's favorite band . AC/DC 's album Who Made Who was released as the Maximum Overdrive soundtrack . It includes the best-selling singles `` Who Made Who '' , `` You Shook Me All Night Long '' , and `` Hells Bells '' . The film was nominated for two Golden Raspberry Awards including Worst Director for King and Worst Actor for Estevez in 1987 , but both lost against Prince for Under the Cherry Moon . In 1988 , Maximum Overdrive was nominated for `` Best Film '' at the International Fantasy Film Awards . King himself described the film as a `` moron movie '' and stated his intention to never direct again soon after . King considers the film a learning experience . ", "The Dead Zone is a science-fiction thriller novel by Stephen King published in 1979 . It concerns Johnny Smith , who is injured in an accident and remains in a coma for nearly five years . Upon emergence , he exhibits clairvoyance and precognition with limitations , apparently due to a `` dead zone '' , an area of his brain that suffered permanent damage as the result of his accident . The Dead Zone was nominated for the Locus Award in 1980 . The book is dedicated to King 's son , Owen . The book spawned a 1983 film adaptation , and a television series . ", "`` The Slow Mutants '' is a fantasy novella by American writer Stephen King , originally published in The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction in July 1981 . In 1982 , `` The Slow Mutants '' was collected with four other stories King published in The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction as The Dark Tower : The Gunslinger . `` The Slow Mutants '' formed the fourth chapter of the book , and was slightly revised for the inclusion . ", "Stephen Edwin King -LRB- born September 21 , 1947 -RRB- is an American author of horror , supernatural fiction , suspense , science fiction , and fantasy . His books have sold more than 350 million copies , many of which have been adapted into feature films , miniseries , television shows , and comic books . King has published 54 novels , including seven under the pen name Richard Bachman , and six non-fiction books . He has written nearly 200 short stories , most of which have been collected in book collections . Many of his stories are set in his home state of Maine . His novella Rita Hayworth and Shawshank Redemption was the basis for the movie The Shawshank Redemption which is widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time . King has received Bram Stoker Awards , World Fantasy Awards , and British Fantasy Society Awards . His novella The Way Station -LRB- 1980 -RRB- was a Nebula Award novelette nominee . In 2003 , the National Book Foundation awarded him the Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters . His short story `` The Man in the Black Suit '' -LRB- 1994 -RRB- received the O. Henry Award . He has also received awards for his contribution to literature for his entire oeuvre , such as the World Fantasy Award for Life Achievement -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , the Canadian Booksellers Association Lifetime Achievement Award -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , and the Grand Master Award from the Mystery Writers of America -LRB- 2007 -RRB- . In 2015 , King was awarded with a National Medal of Arts from the United States National Endowment for the Arts for his contributions to literature . ", "Charge , Zero Emissions/Maximum Speed is a documentary film by Mark Neale . The film features the introduction of electric bike racing to the Isle of Man races . The movie was available for sale on Region 1 DVD in 2011 . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Floyd_Mayweather_Jr.", "Fight_of_the_Century_-LRB-disambiguation-RRB-", "Men's_Low-Kick_at_WAKO_World_Championships_2007_Belgrade_-67_kg", "UFC_205", "Wrestling_at_the_1928_Summer_Olympics_–_Men's_freestyle_welterweight" ]

[ "Floyd Joy Mayweather Jr. -LRB- born Floyd Joy Sinclair ; February 24 , 1977 -RRB- is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1996 to 2015 , and currently works as a boxing promoter . Widely considered to be one of the greatest boxers of all time , undefeated as a professional , and a five-division world champion , Mayweather won fifteen world titles and the lineal championship in four different weight classes -LRB- twice at welterweight -RRB- . As an amateur , he won a bronze medal in the featherweight division at the 1996 Olympics . Mayweather is a two-time winner of The Ring magazine 's Fighter of the Year award -LRB- 1998 and 2007 -RRB- , a three-time winner of the Boxing Writers Association of America -LRB- BWAA -RRB- Fighter of the Year award -LRB- 2007 , 2013 , and 2015 -RRB- , and a six-time winner of the Best Fighter ESPY Award -LRB- 2007 -- 2010 , 2012 -- 2014 -RRB- . In 2016 , Mayweather was ranked by ESPN as the greatest boxer , pound for pound , of the last 25 years . In the same year , he peaked as BoxRec 's number one fighter of all time , pound for pound , as well as the greatest welterweight of all time . Many sporting news and boxing websites ranked Mayweather as the best boxer in the world , pound for pound , twice in a span of ten years ; including The Ring , Sports Illustrated , ESPN , BoxRec , Fox Sports , and Yahoo! Sports . He is also regarded as the best defensive boxer in the sport , as well as being the most accurate puncher since the existence of CompuBox , having the highest plus -- minus ratio in recorded boxing history . He finished his career with a record of 26 wins without a loss or draw in world title fights -LRB- 10 by KO -RRB- ; 23 wins -LRB- 9 KOs -RRB- in lineal title fights ; 24 wins -LRB- 7 KOs -RRB- against former or current world titlists ; 12 wins -LRB- 3 KOs -RRB- against former or current lineal champions ; and 2 wins -LRB- 1 KO -RRB- against International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees . In addition to his accomplishments in the ring , Mayweather is well known for being one of the most lucrative pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- attractions of all time , in any sport . He topped the Forbes and Sports Illustrated lists of the 50 highest-paid athletes of 2012 and 2013 respectively , and the Forbes list again in both 2014 and 2015 , listing him as the highest paid athlete in the world . In 2007 , he founded Mayweather Promotions , his own boxing promotional firm after defecting from Bob Arum 's Top Rank . Mayweather has generated approximately 19.5 million in PPV buys and $ 1.3 billion in revenue throughout his career , surpassing the likes of former top PPV attractions including Mike Tyson , Evander Holyfield , Lennox Lewis , Oscar De La Hoya , and Manny Pacquiao . ", "Fight of the Century usually refers to the 1971 boxing match between Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier . Fight of the Century may also refer to : the 1910 boxing match between James Jeffries and Jack Johnson the 1921 boxing match between Georges Carpentier and Jack Dempsey the 1938 boxing match between Joe Louis and Max Schmeling the 2015 boxing match between Floyd Mayweather Jr. and Manny Pacquiao ", "The men 's welterweight -LRB- 67 kg/147 .4 lbs -RRB- Low-Kick category at the W.A.K.O. World Championships 2007 in Belgrade was the sixth lightest of the male Low-Kick tournaments , involving seventeen fighters from two continents -LRB- Europe and Asia -RRB- . Each of the matches was three rounds of two minutes each and were fought under Low-Kick rules . As there were too few competitors for a thirty-two man tournament , fifteen of the fighters had byes to the second round . The tournament winner was Russian Nikolay Shtakhanov who won gold by defeating Turkey 's Yahya Alemdag by unanimous decision in their final match . Serb Nebojsa Denic and Azerbaijani Ramil Nadirov won bronze medals for reaching the semi finals . ", "UFC 205 : Alvarez vs. McGregor was a mixed martial arts event promoted by the Ultimate Fighting Championship held on November 12 , 2016 at Madison Square Garden in New York City , New York . In what was described by UFC president Dana White as the `` biggest fight card '' in the company 's history , Conor McGregor became the first fighter in the promotion 's history to hold titles in two divisions simultaneously . ", "The men 's freestyle welterweight was a freestyle wrestling event held as part of the Wrestling at the 1928 Summer Olympics programme . It was the third appearance of the event . Welterweight was the median category , including wrestlers weighing up to 72 kilograms . Arvo Haavisto , a 1924 bronze medalist in the lightweight category , won the tournament . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Nina_Jacobson", "Dana_Jacobson", "Holes_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Buena_Vista,_Ichilo", "Melissa_Davis" ]

[ "Nina Jacobson -LRB- born 1965 -RRB- is an American film executive who , until July 2006 , was president of the Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group , a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company . With Dawn Steel , Gail Berman and Sherry Lansing , she was one of the last of a handful of women to head a Hollywood film studio since the 1980s . She established her own production company called Color Force in 2007 , and is the producer of The Hunger Games movies . ", "Dana Jacobson -LRB- born November 5 , 1971 -RRB- is a sports anchorwoman for CBS . She joined the network in 2013 after ten years at ESPN , where she began as an ESPNEWS anchor in December 2002 and soon became a regular anchor on the 6 p.m. edition of SportsCenter . In March 2005 , she was named co-host of Cold Pizza , and transitioned with the show as it became ESPN First Take . Jacobson provided sideline reporting for ESPN 's coverage of NBA Sunday night games . On Monday , December 26 , 2011 , Jacobson announced that Friday , December 30 , 2011 , would be her final day on `` First Take . '' She returned to anchoring SportsCenter shortly thereafter . On March 27 , 2012 , USA Today announced that Jacobson would leave ESPN when her contract expires at the end of April . Monday , April 30 , 2012 was her final day at ESPN when she anchored the 6-8 p.m. ET SportsCenter show . Jacobson joined CBS Sports and the cast of CBS Sports Radio 's morning show . `` TBD in the AM '' in January 2013 , co-hosting along with Tiki Barber and Brandon Tierney . On December 5 , 2014 , Dana tweeted out that she would be leaving `` TBD in the AM '' to work on CBS Sports Network . ", "Holes is a 2003 American adventure comedy-drama film directed by Andrew Davis , produced by Lowell D. Blank , Mike Medavoy and Teresa Tucker-Davies with music by Joel McNeely and based on the 1998 eponymous novel by Louis Sachar -LRB- who also wrote the screenplay -RRB- . The film stars Sigourney Weaver , Jon Voight , Patricia Arquette , Tim Blake Nelson and Shia LaBeouf . The film was co-produced by Walden Media and Walt Disney Pictures and distributed in many markets by Disney 's distribution company Buena Vista . Holes was released in the United States on April 18 , 2003 and earned $ 71.4 million worldwide . It was later released on DVD and VHS on September 23 , 2003 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment and Walt Disney Home Entertainment . ", "Buena Vista is a small town in the Bolivian lowlands in the Santa Cruz Department . The town was founded in November 26th 1964 as the Jesuit Mission of the betrothal Saints of Joseph and Maria . ", "Melissa Davis is an American actress known for her voice-over work in English-language dubs of Japanese anime . She has worked with dubbing companies ADV Films and Seraphim Digital . Her major roles include Kate Ashley in Red Garden and Mai Kawasumi in Kanon . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Aristocracy", "Paideia", "Philaretos", "Arcadia_-LRB-utopia-RRB-", "Elite_theory" ]

[ "Aristocracy -LRB- Greek ἀριστοκρατία aristokratía , from ἄριστος aristos `` excellent , '' and κράτος kratos `` power '' -RRB- is a form of government that places power in the hands of a small , privileged ruling class . The term derives from the Greek aristokratia , meaning `` rule of the best '' . At the time of the word 's origins in Ancient Greece , the Greeks conceived it as rule by the best qualified citizens -- and often contrasted it favourably with monarchy , rule by an individual . In later times , aristocracy was usually seen as rule by a privileged group , the aristocratic class , and was contrasted with democracy . ", "In the culture of ancient Greece , the term paideia -LRB- also spelled paedeia -RRB- -LRB- -LSB- paɪˈdeɪə -RSB- παιδεία -RRB- referred to the rearing and education of the ideal member of the polis . It incorporated both practical , subject-based schooling and a focus upon the socialization of individuals within the aristocratic order of the polis . The practical aspects of this education included subjects subsumed under the modern designation of the liberal arts -LRB- rhetoric , grammar and philosophy are examples -RRB- , as well as scientific disciplines like arithmetic and medicine . An ideal and successful member of the polis would possess intellectual , moral and physical refinement , so training in gymnastics and wrestling was valued for its effect on the body alongside the moral education which the Greeks believed was imparted by the study of music , poetry and philosophy . This approach to the rearing of a well-rounded Greek male was common to the Greek-speaking world , with the exception of Sparta where a rigid and militaristic form of education known as the agoge was practiced . ", "Philaretos is a masculine Greek given name meaning `` lover of virtue '' . Saint Philaretos , 8th-century Anatolian saint Philaretos Brachamios -LRB- died c. 1087 -RRB- , Byzantine general of Armenian origin ", "Arcadia refers to a vision of pastoralism and harmony with nature . The term is derived from the Greek province of the same name which dates to antiquity ; the province 's mountainous topography and sparse population of pastoralists later caused the word Arcadia to develop into a poetic byword for an idyllic vision of unspoiled wilderness . Arcadia is a poetic shaped space associated with bountiful natural splendor and harmony . The ` Garden ' is often inhabited by shepherds . The concept also figures in Renaissance mythology . Although commonly thought of as being in line with Utopian ideals , Arcadia differs from that tradition in that it is more often specifically regarded as unattainable . Furthermore , it is seen as a lost , Edenic form of life , contrasting to the progressive nature of Utopian desires . The inhabitants were often regarded as having continued to live after the manner of the Golden Age , without the pride and avarice that corrupted other regions . It is also sometimes referred to in English poetry as Arcady . The inhabitants of this region bear an obvious connection to the figure of the noble savage , both being regarded as living close to nature , uncorrupted by civilization , and virtuous . ", "In political science and sociology , elite theory is a theory of the state which seeks to describe and explain the power relationships in contemporary society . The theory posits that a small minority , consisting of members of the economic elite and policy-planning networks , holds the most power and that this power is independent of a state 's democratic elections process . Through positions in corporations or on corporate boards , and influence over the policy-planning networks through financial support of foundations or positions with think tanks or policy-discussion groups , members of the `` elite '' are able to exert significant power over the policy decisions of corporations and governments . An example of this can be found in the Forbes magazine article -LRB- published in December 2009 -RRB- entitled The World 's Most Powerful People , in which Forbes purported to list the 67 most powerful people in the world -LRB- assigning one `` slot '' for each 100,000,000 of human population -RRB- . The basic characteristics of this theory are that power is concentrated , the elites are unified , the non-elites are diverse and powerless , elites interests are unified due to common backgrounds and positions and the defining characteristic of power is institutional position . Even when entire groups are ostensibly completely excluded from the state 's traditional networks of power -LRB- historically , on the basis of arbitrary criteria such as nobility , race , gender , or religion -RRB- , elite theory recognizes that `` counter-elites '' frequently develop within such excluded groups . Negotiations between such disenfranchised groups and the state can be analyzed as negotiations between elites and counter-elites . A major problem , in turn , is the ability of elites to co-opt counter-elites . Elite theory opposes pluralism , a tradition that assumes that all individuals , or at least the multitude of social groups , have equal power and balance each other out in contributing to democratic political outcomes representing the emergent , aggregate will of society . Elite theory argues either that democracy is a utopian folly , as it is traditionally viewed in the conservative Italian tradition , or that democracy is not realizable within capitalism , as is the view of the more Marxist-compatible contemporary elite theory permutation . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Fringe_-LRB-TV_series-RRB-", "Power_Hungry_-LRB-Fringe-RRB-", "Stowaway_-LRB-Fringe-RRB-", "Dov_Rosenblatt", "Roberto_Orci" ]

[ "Fringe is an American science fiction television series created by J. J. Abrams , Alex Kurtzman , and Roberto Orci . It premiered on the Fox Broadcasting network on September 9 , 2008 , and concluded on January 18 , 2013 , after five seasons and 100 episodes . The series follows Olivia Dunham -LRB- Anna Torv -RRB- , Peter Bishop -LRB- Joshua Jackson -RRB- , and Walter Bishop -LRB- John Noble -RRB- , all members of the fictional Fringe Division of the Federal Bureau of Investigation , based in Boston , Massachusetts , under the supervision of Homeland Security . The team uses fringe science and FBI investigative techniques to investigate a series of unexplained , often ghastly occurrences , which are related to mysteries surrounding a parallel universe . The series has been described as a hybrid of fantasy and procedural dramas and serials , influenced by film and television shows such as Lost , The X-Files , Altered States , and The Twilight Zone . The series began as a traditional mystery-of-the-week series and became more serialized in later seasons . Most episodes contain a standalone plot , with several others also exploring the series ' overarching mythology . Critical reception was at first lukewarm but became more favorable after the first season , when the series began to explore its mythology , including parallel universes and alternate timelines . The show , as well as the cast and crew , were nominated for many major awards . Despite its move to the `` Friday night death slot '' and low ratings , the series developed a cult following . It also spawned two six-part comic book series , an alternate reality game , and three novels . ", "`` Power Hungry '' is the fifth episode of the first season of the American science fiction drama television series Fringe . The episode was written by playwright Julia Cho and consulting producer Jason Cahill , and was directed by Christopher Misiano . The episode focuses on Fringe Division 's efforts in finding a man with the uncontrolled ability to affect electrical energy , thanks to the work of a wanted rogue scientist . Meanwhile , Olivia Dunham -LRB- Anna Torv -RRB- sees visions of her deceased lover , John Scott -LRB- Mark Valley -RRB- . The episode 's premise began with the idea of a computer virus being able to spread to humans , which then evolved into the story of a man who comes into his unique abilities . Series consultant Glen Whitman noted the premise was based on the `` very very weak magnetic field '' of electrical energy surrounding humans that an EEG detects , and the writers simply amplified this . The special effects crew undertook much preparation to simulate a chase sequence involving an exploding transformer , leading guest actor Ebon Moss-Bachrach to note how scary the effect was to film . It first aired in the United States on October 14 , 2008 on the Fox network , and was seen by an estimated 9.157 million American viewers , the network 's second highest rated show for the week . Critical reactions of the episode ranged from mixed to positive , as many believed the series was finally finding its footing . Others however critiqued the episode for seeming too ordinary for a science fiction series . ", "`` Stowaway '' is the 17th episode of the third season of the American science fiction drama television series Fringe , and the 60th episode overall . It followed the Fringe team 's investigation into a woman , Dana Gray -LRB- Paula Malcomson -RRB- , who repeatedly but unsuccessfully tries to commit suicide . Meanwhile , Olivia continues to serve as the host for William Bell , to the dismay of most of her other team members . The episode 's story was written by Akiva Goldsman , Jeff Pinkner , and J. H. Wyman , while Danielle Dispaltro contributed its teleplay . Charles Beeson served as the director . Along with Malcomson , `` Stowaway '' featured a guest appearance by previous Fringe actor Seth Gabel . Though Leonard Nimoy had recently retired , the writers still had storylines involving his character , leading to their decision to have Bell possess Olivia 's body . `` Stowaway '' first aired in the United States on March 18 , 2011 to an estimated 3.8 million viewers and a 1.3 ratings share for adults aged between 18 and 49 . This was the series ' lowest ratings share for adults up to that point . Reviews of the episode were generally positive , as multiple critics praised Anna Torv 's Nimoy impression as well as Joshua Jackson 's reaction to it . ", "Dov Rosenblatt -LRB- born 1981 -RRB- is an American Jewish singer , songwriter , producer , composer , and teacher . Currently based in Los Angeles , California , he is best known as the lead singer of the Jewish rock band Blue Fringe , who were credited along with Moshav and Soulfarm with advancing Jewish rock in the early 2000s . He has also been a member of the indie rock bands Fools for April -LRB- with C Lanzbom -RRB- , The Wellspring -LRB- with Talia Osteen -RRB- , and Distant Cousins -LRB- with Duvid Swirsky and Ami Kozak -RRB- . His music has appeared in several films , television shows , and advertisements . ", "Roberto Gaston Orci -LRB- born July 20 , 1973 -RRB- is a Mexican-American film and television screenwriter and producer . He began his longtime collaboration with Alex Kurtzman while at school in California . Together they have been employed on television series such as Hercules : The Legendary Journeys and Xena : Warrior Princess . In 2008 , together with J. J. Abrams , they created Fringe . In 2013 , they created Sleepy Hollow alongside Phillip Iscove . Orci and Kurtzman 's first film project was Michael Bay 's The Island , and due to that partnership they went on to write the scripts for the first three films of the Transformers film series . Orci first became a film producer with 2008 's Eagle Eye and again with 2009 's The Proposal . He and Kurtzman since returned to working with Abrams on Mission : Impossible III and both Star Trek and Star Trek Into Darkness . Between 2005 and 2011 , Kurtzman and Orci 's film projects took revenues of more than $ 3 billion . In April 2014 , Orci and Kurtzman announced that they would only collaborate in television projects , and Orci worked on the third Star Trek film , Star Trek Beyond , until being replaced the following December . Orci created the television series Matador for the El Rey Network , but after this was initially renewed , it was cancelled at the end of the first season . Both Kurtzman and Orci continue to work as producers on the television series Limitless and Scorpion . Orci was awarded the Norman Lear Writer 's Award and the Raul Julia Award for Excellence , in addition to shared awards and nominations including The George Pal Memorial Award . " ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 1, 1 ]

[ "Ovary", "Ovarian_artery", "Johnston's_organ", "Ovarian_branch_of_uterine_artery", "Endostyle" ]

[ "The ovary -LRB- From ovarium , literally `` egg '' or `` nut '' -RRB- is an ovum-producing reproductive organ , found in pairs in the female as part of the vertebrate female reproductive system . Birds have only one functional ovary -LRB- the left -RRB- , while the other remains vestigial . Ovaries in females are analogous to testes in males , in that they are both gonads and endocrine glands . Although ovaries occur in a wide variety of animals , both vertebrate and invertebrate , this article is primarily about human ovaries . ", "The ovarian artery is an artery that supplies oxygenated blood to the ovary in females . It arises from the abdominal aorta below the renal artery . It can be found in the suspensory ligament of the ovary , anterior to the ovarian vein and ureter . ", "Johnston 's organ is a collection of sensory cells found in the pedicel -LRB- the second segment -RRB- of the antennae in the Class Insecta . Johnston 's organ detects motion in the flagellum -LRB- third and typically final antennal segment -RRB- . It consists of scolopidia arrayed in a bowl shape , each of which contains a mechanosensory chordotonal neuron . The number of scolopidia varies between species . In homopterans , the Johnston 's organs contain 25 - 79 scolopidia . The presence of Johnston 's organ is a defining characteristic which separates the Class Insecta from the other hexapods belonging to the group Entognatha . Johnston 's organ was named after the physician Christopher Johnston , father of the physician and Assyriologist Christopher Johnston . ", "The ovarian branch of uterine artery is an artery anastomosing with the ovarian artery . Category : Arteries of the abdomen ", "The endostyle is an organ which assists lower-chordates -LRB- urochordates and cephalochordates , as well as the larvae of lampreys -RRB- in filter-feeding . It is a longitudinal ciliated fold located in the ventral pharyngeal wall , which secretes mucus to accumulate food particles and pass them along to the digestive tract . It aids in transporting food to the esophagus . The endostyle in larval lampreys -LRB- ammocetes -RRB- metamorphoses into the thyroid gland in adults , and is regarded as being homologous to the thyroid gland in vertebrates due to its iodine-concentrating activity . Since the endostyle is found in the three branches of chordates , it is presumed to have arisen in the common ancestor of these taxa , along with a shift to internal feeding for extracting suspended food from the water . " ]

[ 0, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Birmingham", "West_Midlands_-LRB-county-RRB-", "City_College,_Birmingham", "Metropolitan_Borough_of_Knowsley", "List_of_London_boroughs" ]

[ "Birmingham -LRB- -LSB- ˈbɜːmɪŋəm -RSB- -RRB- is a city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands , England . It is the largest and most populous British city outside London , with a population of 1,101,360 in 2014 . A medium-sized market town in the medieval period , Birmingham grew to international prominence in the 18th century at the heart of the Midlands Enlightenment and subsequent Industrial Revolution , which saw the town at the forefront of worldwide advances in science , technology , and economic development , producing a series of innovations that laid many of the foundations of modern industrial society . By 1791 it was being hailed as `` the first manufacturing town in the world '' . Birmingham 's distinctive economic profile , with thousands of small workshops practising a wide variety of specialised and highly skilled trades , encouraged exceptional levels of creativity and innovation and provided a diverse and resilient economic base for industrial prosperity that was to last into the final quarter of the 20th century . Perhaps the most important invention in British history , the industrial steam engine , was invented in Birmingham . Its resulting high level of social mobility also fostered a culture of broad-based political radicalism , that under leaders from Thomas Attwood to Joseph Chamberlain was to give it a political influence unparalleled in Britain outside London , and a pivotal role in the development of British democracy . From the summer of 1940 to the spring of 1943 , Birmingham was bombed heavily by the German Luftwaffe in what is known as the Birmingham Blitz . The damage done to the city 's infrastructure , in addition to a deliberate policy of demolition and new building by planners , led to extensive demolition and redevelopment in subsequent decades . Today Birmingham 's economy is dominated by the service sector . The city is a major international commercial centre , ranked as a gamma + world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network ; and an important transport , retail , events and conference hub . Its metropolitan economy is the second largest in the United Kingdom with a GDP of $ 121.1 bn -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and its six universities make it the largest centre of higher education in the country outside London . Birmingham 's major cultural institutions -- including the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra , the Birmingham Royal Ballet , the Birmingham Repertory Theatre , the Library of Birmingham and the Barber Institute of Fine Arts -- enjoy international reputations , and the city has vibrant and influential grassroots art , music , literary and culinary scenes . Birmingham is the fourth-most visited city in the UK by foreign visitors . Birmingham 's sporting heritage can be felt worldwide , with the concept of the Football League and lawn tennis both originating from the city . Its most successful football club Aston Villa has won seven league titles and one European Cup with the other professional club being Birmingham City . People from Birmingham are called Brummies , a term derived from the city 's nickname of Brum . This originates from the city 's dialect name , Brummagem , which may in turn have been derived from one of the city 's earlier names , Bromwicham . There is a distinctive Brummie accent and dialect . ", "The West Midlands is a metropolitan county in western central England with a 2014 estimated population of 2,808,356 , making it the second most populous county in England . It came into existence as a metropolitan county in 1974 after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972 , formed from parts of Staffordshire , Worcestershire and Warwickshire . The county itself is a NUTS 2 region within the wider NUTS 1 region of the same name . The county consists of seven metropolitan boroughs : the City of Birmingham , the City of Coventry , and the City of Wolverhampton , as well as the boroughs of Dudley , Sandwell , Solihull , and Walsall . The metropolitan county exists in law and as a geographic frame of reference . and as a ceremonial county it has a Lord Lieutenant and a High Sheriff . Between 1974 and 1986 , the West Midlands County Council was the administrative body covering the county , this was abolished on 31 March 1986 , and the constituent metropolitan boroughs effectively became unitary authorities . A new administrative body for the county ; the West Midlands Combined Authority was created in June 2016 . Since May 2017 the authority has been headed by a directly elected Mayor of the West Midlands , a position currently held by Andy Street of the Conservative Party . Other county-wide bodies include the West Midlands Police , the West Midlands Fire Service and Transport for West Midlands . The county is sometimes described as the `` West Midlands metropolitan area '' or the `` West Midlands conurbation '' , although these have different , and less clearly defined , boundaries . The main conurbation , or urban area , does not include Coventry for example . The name `` West Midlands '' is also used for the much larger West Midlands region , which sometimes causes confusion , not surprising perhaps when geographically it is on the eastern side of the region , the western side comprising Shropshire and Herefordshire . ", "City College Birmingham has now merged with South Birmingham College to form South & City College Birmingham . South & City College Birmingham is a further education establishment in Birmingham , England . Providing full-time and part-time courses . Category : Further education colleges in Birmingham , West Midlands Category : Educational institutions established in 1998 Category :1998 establishments in England ", "The Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley is a metropolitan borough of Merseyside , England . It comprises the towns and districts of Kirkby , Prescot , Huyton , Whiston , Halewood , Cronton and Stockbridge Village ; Kirkby , Huyton , and Prescot being the major commercial centres . It takes its name from the village of Knowsley , though its headquarters are in Huyton . It forms part of the wider Liverpool City Region . The borough was formed on 1 April 1974 by the merger of Huyton-with-Roby Urban District , Kirkby Urban District and Prescot Urban District , along with most of Whiston Rural District and a small part of West Lancashire Rural District , all from the administrative county of Lancashire . According to the 2011 census , 80.9 % of people in Knowsley describe themselves as Christian , the highest proportion in any local authority in England and Wales . It is known for Knowsley Hall and Knowsley Safari Park . ", "This is a list of local authority districts within Greater London , including 32 London boroughs and the City of London . The London boroughs were all created on 1 April 1965 . Upon creation , twelve were designated Inner London boroughs and the remaining twenty were designated Outer London boroughs . The Office for National Statistics has amended the designations of three boroughs for statistics purposes only . Three boroughs have been granted the designation royal borough and one has city status . For planning purposes , in addition to the boroughs and City there are also two active development corporations , the London Legacy Development Corporation and Old Oak and Park Royal Development Corporation . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Caleb_McLaughlin", "Caleb_Calvert", "Caleb_Smith_-LRB-skeleton_racer-RRB-", "T._J._Syner", "Noah_Reid" ]

[ "Caleb McLaughlin -LRB- born October 13 , 2001 -RRB- is an American actor . He began his career on the Broadway stage as Young Simba in the musical The Lion King . Since 2016 , he has portrayed Lucas Sinclair in the Netflix science fiction drama series Stranger Things . Industry reports have confirmed that he will return in Season 2 . In 2017 , McLaughlin appeared in the BET miniseries The New Edition Story as Ricky Bell . ", "Caleb Calvert -LRB- born October 22 , 1996 -RRB- is an American soccer player who currently plays for Charlotte Independence on loan from Colorado Rapids in Major League Soccer . ", "Caleb Smith -LRB- born October 5 , 1983 -RRB- is an American skeleton racer who has competed since 2001 . His best Skeleton World Cup finish was second at Lake Placid in December 2006 . Smith 's best finish at the FIBT World Championships was 12th in the men 's event at St. Moritz in 2007 . ", "Timothy `` T. J. '' Syner -LRB- born October 13 , 1988 -RRB- is an American professional ice hockey player . He most recently played for Coventry Blaze of the UK 's Elite Ice Hockey League , having played for HC Gherdëina of the Italian Serie A before that . ", "Noah Reid -LRB- born 29 May 1987 -RRB- is a Canadian actor and musician . In 2015 , he received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Original Song for his work in the feature film People Hold On . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Ragtime_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Glad_Rag_Doll_-LRB-album-RRB-", "Rag_Mop", "Hair_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Garland_Anderson_-LRB-composer-RRB-" ]

[ "Ragtime is a 1981 American drama film , directed by Miloš Forman , based on 1975 historical novel Ragtime by E. L. Doctorow . The action takes place in and around New York City , New Rochelle , and Atlantic City early in the 1900s , including fictionalized references to actual people and events of the time . The film features the final film appearances of James Cagney and Pat O'Brien ; early appearances , in small parts , by Samuel L. Jackson , Jeff Daniels , Fran Drescher , Ethan Phillips and John Ratzenberger ; and an uncredited appearance from Jack Nicholson . The music score was composed by Randy Newman . The film was nominated for eight Oscars . ", "Glad Rag Doll is the 11th studio album by Canadian jazz singer-songwriter and pianist Diana Krall , released on October 2 , 2012 by Verve Records . The album was produced by T-Bone Burnett , and it covers mainly jazz tunes from the 1920s and 1930s , mostly from Krall 's father 's collection of 78-rpm records . The album debuted at No. 6 on the Billboard 200 , selling 46,000 copies in its first week . It had sold 191,000 copies in the US by February 2015 . ", "`` Rag Mop '' was a popular American song of the late 1940s-early 1950s . The song , a 12-bar blues , was written by Tulsa Western Swing bandleader Johnnie Lee Wills and steel guitarist Deacon Anderson and published in 1949 . Considered a novelty song , the lyrics consisted mostly of spelling out the title of the song ; because of the spelling used in the song , it is sometimes referred to as `` Ragg Mopp '' . While Johnnie Lee Wills and his band recorded it for Bullet Records in 1950 , the most popular version of this song was recorded by The Ames Brothers , and released by Coral Records as catalog number 60140 . The song was part of a double-sided hit ; the flip side was `` Sentimental Me . '' The record first reached the Billboard magazine charts on January 6 , 1950 and lasted 14 weeks on the chart , peaking at # 1 . The song was re-released in 1951 by Coral as catalog number 60397 , with the flip side `` Hoop-Dee-Doo '' . The group re-recorded the song several times . The 1950 recording is considered an example of proto-rock and roll as it contained elements that would later go into the defining of the genre . ", "Hair is a 1979 musical war comedy-drama film adaptation of the 1968 Broadway musical Hair : An American Tribal Love-Rock Musical about a Vietnam War draftee who meets and befriends a tribe of long-haired hippies on his way to the army induction center . The hippies introduce him to their environment of marijuana , LSD , unorthodox relationships and draft evasion . The film was directed by Miloš Forman -LRB- who received a César Award nomination for his work on the film -RRB- and adapted for the screen by Michael Weller -LRB- who would collaborate with Forman on a second picture , Ragtime , two years later -RRB- . Cast members include Treat Williams , John Savage , Beverly D'Angelo , Don Dacus , Annie Golden , Dorsey Wright , Nell Carter , Cheryl Barnes , Richard Bright , Ellen Foley and Charlotte Rae . Dance scenes were choreographed by Twyla Tharp and performed by the Twyla Tharp Dance Foundation . The film was nominated for Golden Globe Awards for Best Motion Picture -- Musical or Comedy and New Star of the Year in a Motion Picture -LRB- for Williams -RRB- . ", "Garland Anderson -LRB- April 10 , 1933 -- 2001 -RRB- was an American composer and pianist . He studied with Hans Gal and Roy Harris . In 1976 he was awarded a grant by the National Endowment for the Arts 's Composer Assistance Program . This grant enabled Anderson to work on his opera Soyazhe which was given its world premiere at the Central City Opera in Denver in 1979 . He lived most of his life in Indiana and is chiefly remembered for his jazz and ragtime compositions , in particular his work Streetsyncs : Eleven Ragtime Pieces for Piano . He composed his Piano Concerto No. 2 for concert pianist John Kozar who has performed the work on a number of occasions . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "English_Wikipedia", "International_Portuguese_Language_Institute", "Diccionario_de_la_lengua_española", "João_Pontes_Nogueira", "Persian_Wikipedia" ]

[ "The English Wikipedia is the English-language edition of the free online encyclopedia Wikipedia . Founded on 15 January 2001 , it is the first edition of Wikipedia and , as of July 2016 , has the most articles of any of the editions . As of , nearly % of articles in all Wikipedias belong to the English-language edition . This share has gradually declined from more than 50 percent in 2003 , due to the growth of Wikipedias in other languages . There are articles on the site -LRB- live count -RRB- . In October 2015 , the combined text of the English Wikipedia 's articles totalled 11.5 gigabytes when compressed . On 1 November 2015 , the English Wikipedia announced it had reached 5,000,000 articles and ran a special logo to reflect the milestone . The Simple English Wikipedia is a variation in which most of the articles use only basic English vocabulary . There is also the Old English -LRB- Ænglisc / Anglo-Saxon -RRB- Wikipedia -LRB- angwiki -RRB- . Community-produced news publications include The Signpost . ", "The International Portuguese Language Institute -LRB- Instituto Internacional da Língua Portuguesa in Portuguese -RRB- or IILP is the Community of Portuguese Language Countries 's institute supporting the spread and popularity of the Portuguese language in the world . The Institute 's headquarters is located in Praia , Cabo Verde . ", "The Diccionario de la lengua española , also known as the Diccionario de la Real Academia Española -LRB- DRAE -RRB- , is the authoritative dictionary of the Spanish language . It is produced , edited , and published by the Real Academia Española -LRB- RAE -- Royal Spanish Academy -RRB- . It was first published in 1780 , since when new editions have been published about once a decade . The twenty-third edition was published in 2014 . ", "João Pontes Nogueira is an academic at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro . He is an editor for the peer-reviewed English language academic journal , International Political Sociology . He has many published journal articles in Portuguese but few , if any , in English . ", "The Persian Wikipedia -LRB- ویکی پدیا ، دانشنامهٔ آزاد , Romanized as Wikipediā , Dānešnāme-ye Āzād / `` Wikipedia , The Free Encyclopedia '' -RRB- is the Persian language version of Wikipedia , pronounced `` Wikipedia -LRB- Wikipediā -RRB- '' . The Persian version of Wikipedia was started in December 2003 . It passed 1,000 articles on December 16 , 2004 and 200,000 articles on July 10 , 2012 . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Salt_River_Valley", "South_Jordan,_Utah", "Stony_River_-LRB-Alaska-RRB-", "Salton_Sea_-LRB-disambiguation-RRB-", "North_Fork_Trinity_River" ]

[ "The Salt River Valley is an extensive valley on the Salt River in central Arizona , which contains the Phoenix Metropolitan Area . Although this geographic term still identifies the area , the name `` Valley of the Sun '' popularly replaced the usage starting in the early 1930s for purposes of boosterism . A common dust for testing air filter efficiency was derived from top soil dust from the Salt River Valley , referred to as Arizona Dust . The dust was found to include small abrasive particles . ", "South Jordan is a city in the U.S. state of Utah . The city lies in the Salt Lake Valley between the 9000 ft peaks of the Oquirrh Mountains and the 12000 ft peaks of the Wasatch Mountains and is part of the Salt Lake City metropolitan area . The Jordan River flows through the middle of the valley and the city has a 3.5-mile -LRB- 5.6 km -RRB- section of the Jordan River Parkway that contains fishing ponds , trails , parks and natural habitat . Salt Lake County fair grounds and equestrian park , 67 acre Oquirrh Lake and 27 other parks are located inside the city . As of the 2010 Census , its population was 50,418 . The city was founded 18 mi south of Salt Lake City along the banks of the Jordan River in 1859 by Mormon settlers . An agrarian town for most of its history , today it is a rapidly growing bedroom community of Salt Lake City . Kennecott Land , a land development company , has recently begun construction on the master-planned Daybreak Community for the entire western half of South Jordan . Daybreak could potentially double South Jordan 's population . South Jordan is the first city in the world with two temples of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -LRB- Jordan River Utah Temple and Oquirrh Mountain Utah Temple -RRB- . The city has two TRAX light rail stops , as well as one commuter rail stop on the FrontRunner . ", "The Stony River is a 190 mi tributary of the Kuskokwim River in the U.S. state of Alaska . The river flows south from near Mount Mausolus in the Revelation Mountains of the Alaska Range through the northwestern corner of Lake Clark National Park and Preserve . From there , it flows generally westward to meet the larger river at the community of Stony River . ", "Salton Sea may refer to : ", "The North Fork Trinity River is a tributary of the Trinity River in the U.S. state of California . It flows south through the Klamath Mountains for about 25 mi , emptying into the Trinity at Helena , about 5 mi northeast of Junction City . The river drains an area of 151 mi2 . Important tributaries include the East Fork North Fork Trinity River and Grizzly Creek . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Physics", "Astronomy", "Quantum_thermodynamics", "Scientific_atheism", "Hempel's_dilemma" ]

[ "Physics -LRB- from -LSB- φυσική , phusikḗ -LRB- epistḗmē -RRB- , knowledge of nature -RSB- , from φύσις phúsis `` nature '' -RRB- is the natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion and behavior through space and time , along with related concepts such as energy and force . One of the most fundamental scientific disciplines , the main goal of physics is to understand how the universe behaves . Physics is one of the oldest academic disciplines , perhaps the oldest through its inclusion of astronomy . Over the last two millennia , physics was a part of natural philosophy along with chemistry , biology , and certain branches of mathematics , but during the scientific revolution in the 17th century , the natural sciences emerged as unique research programs in their own right . Physics intersects with many interdisciplinary areas of research , such as biophysics and quantum chemistry , and the boundaries of physics are not rigidly defined . New ideas in physics often explain the fundamental mechanisms of other sciences while opening new avenues of research in areas such as mathematics and philosophy . Physics also makes significant contributions through advances in new technologies that arise from theoretical breakthroughs . For example , advances in the understanding of electromagnetism or nuclear physics led directly to the development of new products that have dramatically transformed modern-day society , such as television , computers , domestic appliances , and nuclear weapons ; advances in thermodynamics led to the development of industrialization , and advances in mechanics inspired the development of calculus . The United Nations named 2005 the World Year of Physics . ", "Astronomy -LRB- from Greek : αστρονομία -RRB- is a natural science that studies celestial objects and phenomena . It applies mathematics , physics , and chemistry , in an effort to explain the origin of those objects and phenomena and their evolution . Objects of interest include planets , moons , stars , galaxies , and comets ; while the phenomena include supernova explosions , gamma ray bursts , and cosmic microwave background radiation . More generally , all astronomical phenomena that originate outside Earth 's atmosphere are within the purview of astronomy . A related but distinct subject , physical cosmology , is concerned with the study of the Universe as a whole . Astronomy is the oldest of the natural sciences . The early civilizations in recorded history , such as the Babylonians , Greeks , Indians , Egyptians , Nubians , Iranians , Chinese , and Maya performed methodical observations of the night sky . Historically , astronomy has included disciplines as diverse as astrometry , celestial navigation , observational astronomy and the making of calendars , but professional astronomy is now often considered to be synonymous with astrophysics . During the 20th century , the field of professional astronomy split into observational and theoretical branches . Observational astronomy is focused on acquiring data from observations of astronomical objects , which is then analyzed using basic principles of physics . Theoretical astronomy is oriented toward the development of computer or analytical models to describe astronomical objects and phenomena . The two fields complement each other , with theoretical astronomy seeking to explain the observational results and observations being used to confirm theoretical results . Astronomy is one of the few sciences where amateurs can still play an active role , especially in the discovery and observation of transient phenomena . Amateur astronomers have made and contributed to many important astronomical discoveries , such as finding new comets . ", "Quantum thermodynamics is the study of the relations between two independent physical theories : thermodynamics and quantum mechanics . The two independent theories address the physical phenomena of light and matter . In 1905 Einstein argued that the requirement of consistency between thermodynamics and electromagnetism ... : . leads to the conclusion that light is quantized obtaining the relation . This paper is the dawn of quantum theory . In a few decades quantum theory became established with an independent set of rules . Currently quantum thermodynamics addresses the emergence of thermodynamic laws from quantum mechanics . It differs from quantum statistical mechanics in the emphasis on dynamical processes out of equilibrium . In addition there is a quest for the theory to be relevant for a single individual quantum system . ", "Scientific atheism may refer to : Marxist -- Leninist atheism , a Communist doctrine and philosophical science formerly promoted in the Eastern Bloc New Atheism , a 21st-century atheist movement Relationship between religion and science , more general discussion ", "Hempel 's dilemma is a question first asked -LRB- at least on record -RRB- by the philosopher Carl Hempel . It has relevance to naturalism and physicalism in philosophy , and to philosophy of mind . Naturalism , in at least one rough sense , is the claim that the entire world may be described and explained using the laws of nature , in other words , that all phenomena are natural phenomena . This leaves open the question of what is ` natural ' , but one common understanding of the claim is that everything in the world is ultimately explicable in the terms of physics . This is known as reductive physicalism . However , this type of physicalism in its turn leaves open the question of what we are to consider as the proper terms of physics . There seem to be two options here , and these options form the horns of Hempel 's dilemma , because neither seems satisfactory . On the one hand , we may define the physical as whatever is currently explained by our best physical theories , e.g. , quantum mechanics , general relativity . Though many would find this definition unsatisfactory , some would accept that we have at least a general understanding of the physical based on these theories , and can use them to assess what is physical and what is not . And therein lies the rub , as a worked-out explanation of mentality currently lies outside the scope of such theories . On the other hand , if we say that some future , `` ideal '' physics is what is meant , then the claim is rather empty , for we have no idea of what this means . The `` ideal '' physics may even come to define what we think of as mental as part of the physical world . In effect , physicalism by this second account becomes the circular claim that all phenomena are explicable in terms of physics because physics properly defined is whatever explains all phenomena . Beenakker has proposed to resolve Hempel 's dilemma with the definition : `` The boundary between physics and metaphysics is the boundary between what can and what can not be computed in the age of the universe '' . Hempel 's dilemma is relevant to philosophy of mind because explanations of issues such as consciousness , representation , and intentionality are very hard to come by using current physics although many people in philosophy -LRB- and other fields such as cognitive science , psychology , and neuroscience -RRB- hold to physicalism . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Charles_de_Gaulle", "Appeal_of_18_June", "Raymond_Triboulet", "Gaullism", "Pierre_Crousillac" ]

[ "Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle -LRB- -LSB- ʃaʁl də ɡol -RSB- ; 22 November 1890 -- 9 November 1970 -RRB- was a French general and statesman . He was the leader of Free France -LRB- 1940 -- 44 -RRB- and the head of the Provisional Government of the French Republic -LRB- 1944 -- 46 -RRB- . In 1958 , he founded the Fifth Republic and was elected as the President of France , a position he held until his resignation in 1969 . He was the dominant figure of France during the Cold War era and his memory continues to influence French politics . Born in Lille , he graduated from Saint-Cyr in 1912 . He was a decorated officer of the First World War , wounded several times , and later taken prisoner at Verdun . During the interwar period , he advocated mobile armoured divisions . During the German invasion of May 1940 , he led an armoured division which counterattacked the invaders ; he was then appointed Under-Secretary for War . Refusing to accept his government 's armistice with Nazi Germany , de Gaulle exhorted the French population to resist occupation and to continue the fight in his Appeal of 18 June . He led a government in exile and the Free French Forces against the Axis . Despite frosty relations with Britain and especially the United States , he emerged as the undisputed leader of the French resistance . He became Head of the Provisional Government of the French Republic in June 1944 , the interim government of France following its Liberation . As early as 1944 , de Gaulle introduced a dirigiste economic policy , which included substantial state-directed control over a capitalist economy which was followed by thirty years of unprecedented growth . Frustrated by the return of petty partisanship in the new Fourth Republic , he resigned in early 1946 but continued to be politically active as founder of the RPF party . He retired in the early 1950s and wrote his War Memoirs , which quickly became a classic of modern French literature . When the Algerian War was ripping apart the unstable Fourth Republic , the National Assembly brought him back to power during the May 1958 crisis . De Gaulle founded the Fifth Republic with a strong presidency , and he was elected in that role . He managed to keep France together while taking steps to end the war , much to the anger of the Pieds-Noirs -LRB- Frenchmen settled in Algeria -RRB- and the military ; both previously had supported his return to power to maintain colonial rule . He granted independence to Algeria and progressively to other French colonies . In the context of the Cold War , de Gaulle initiated his `` Politics of Grandeur '' , asserting that France as a major power should not rely on other countries , such as the US , for its national security and prosperity . To this end , de Gaulle pursued a policy of `` national independence '' which led him to withdraw from NATO 's military integrated command and to launch an independent nuclear development program that made France the fourth nuclear power . He restored cordial Franco-German relations to create a European counterweight between the Anglo-American and Soviet spheres of influence . However , he opposed any development of a supranational Europe , favouring a Europe of sovereign nations . De Gaulle openly criticised the US intervention in Vietnam and the `` exorbitant privilege '' of the US dollar . In his later years , his support for an independent Quebec and his two vetoes against Britain 's entry into the European Community generated considerable controversy . Although re-elected President in 1965 , in May 1968 he appeared likely to lose power amid widespread protests by students and workers but survived the crisis with backing from the Army and won an election with an increased majority in the Assembly . De Gaulle resigned in 1969 after losing a referendum in which he proposed more decentralization . He died a year later at his residence in Colombey-les-Deux-Églises , leaving his Presidential memoirs unfinished . Many French political parties and figures claim the Gaullist legacy . De Gaulle was ranked as `` Le Plus Grand Français de tous les temps '' -LRB- the Greatest Frenchman of All Time -RRB- . ", "The Appeal of 18 June -LRB- L'Appel du 18 juin -RRB- was a famous speech by Charles de Gaulle , the leader of the Free French Forces , in 1940 . The appeal is often considered to be the origin of the French Resistance to the German occupation during World War II . De Gaulle spoke to the French people from London after the fall of France . He declared that the war for France was not yet over , and rallied the country in support of the Resistance . It is regarded as one of the most important speeches in French history . In spite of its reputation as the beginning of the Resistance and Free French , historians have shown that the appeal was heard only by a minority of French people . De Gaulle 's 22 June 1940 speech on the BBC was more widely heard . ", "Raymond Triboulet -LRB- 3 October 1906 -- 26 May 2006 -RRB- was a French politician . He was a leading World War II resistance fighter who helped U.S. , Canadian , and British troops invade France , which was then occupied by Nazi Germany . ", "Gaullism -LRB- Gaullisme -RRB- is a French political stance based on the thought and action of World War II French Resistance leader General Charles de Gaulle , who would become the founding President of the Fifth French Republic . Serge Berstein writes that Gaullism is `` neither a doctrine nor a political ideology '' and can not be considered either left or right . Rather , `` considering its historical progression , it is a pragmatic exercise of power that is neither free from contradictions nor of concessions to momentary necessity , even if the imperious word of the general gives to the practice of Gaullism the allure of a program that seems profound and fully realized . '' Gaullism is `` a peculiarly French phenomenon , without doubt the quintessential French political phenomenon of the twentieth century . '' Lawrence D. Kritzman writes that Gaullism may be seen as a form of French patriotism in the tradition of Jules Michelet . He writes : `` Aligned on the political spectrum with the Right , Gaullism was committed nevertheless to the republican values of the Revolution , and so distanced itself from the particularist ambitions of the traditional Right and its xenophobic causes , Gaullism saw as its mission the affirmation of national sovereignty and unity , which was diametrically opposed to the divisiveness created by the leftist commitment to class struggle . '' ", "Pierre Crousillac -LRB- 14 November 1921 -- 17 December 2011 -RRB- was a French General and a member of the French Resistance . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Hezbollah", "Ahmad_Motevaselian", "Palestinian_insurgency_in_South_Lebanon", "Iranshenasi", "Tehranno" ]

[ "Hezbollah -LRB- pronounced -LSB- ˌhɛzbəˈlɑː -RSB- حزب الله , literally `` Party of Allah '' or `` Party of God '' -RRB- -- also transliterated Hizbullah , Hizballah , etc. -- is a Shi'a Islamist militant group and political party based in Lebanon . Hezbollah 's paramilitary wing is the Jihad Council , and its political wing is Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc party in the Lebanese parliament . After the death of Abbas al-Musawi in 1992 , the group has been headed by Hassan Nasrallah , its Secretary-General . After the Israeli invasion of Lebanon in 1982 in support of the Free Lebanon State , Israel occupied a strip of south Lebanon , which was controlled by the South Lebanon Army -LRB- SLA -RRB- , a Lebanese Christian militia supported by Israel . Hezbollah was conceived by Muslim clerics and funded by Iran primarily to harass the Israeli occupation . Its leaders were followers of Ayatollah Khomeini , and its forces were trained and organized by a contingent of 1,500 Revolutionary Guards that arrived from Iran with permission from the Syrian government , which was in occupation of Lebanon at the time . Hezbollah 's 1985 manifesto listed its objectives as the expulsion of `` the Americans , the French and their allies definitely from Lebanon , putting an end to any colonialist entity on our land '' , submission of the Phalangists to `` just power '' and bringing them to justice `` for the crimes they have perpetrated against Muslims and Christians '' , and permitting `` all the sons of our people '' to choose the form of government they want , while calling on them to `` pick the option of Islamic government '' . Hezbollah waged a guerilla campaign in South Lebanon and as a result , Israel withdrew from Lebanon on May 24 , 2000 , and SLA collapsed and surrendered . Backed by Iran , Hezbollah fighters fought against Serbian forces during the Bosnian War . Hezbollah 's military strength has grown so significantly that its paramilitary wing is considered more powerful than the Lebanese Army . Hezbollah has been described as a `` state within a state '' , and has grown into an organization with seats in the Lebanese government , a radio and a satellite TV station , social services and large-scale military deployment of fighters beyond Lebanon 's borders . Hezbollah is part of the March 8 Alliance within Lebanon , in opposition to the March 14 Alliance . Hezbollah maintains strong support among Lebanon 's Shi'a population , while Sunnis have disagreed with the group 's agenda . Hezbollah receives military training , weapons , and financial support from Iran , and political support from Syria . Hezbollah and Israel fought each other in the 2006 Lebanon War . After the 2006 -- 08 Lebanese protests and clashes , a national unity government was formed in 2008 , with Hezbollah and its opposition allies obtaining eleven of thirty cabinets seats , which gives them veto power . In August 2008 , Lebanon 's new Cabinet unanimously approved a draft policy statement which recognized Hezbollah 's existence as an armed organization and guarantees its right to `` liberate or recover occupied lands '' -LRB- such as the Shebaa Farms -RRB- . Since 2012 , Hezbollah has helped the Syrian government during the Syrian civil war in its fight against the Syrian opposition , which Hezbollah has described as a Zionist plot and a `` Wahhabi-Zionist conspiracy '' to destroy its alliance with Assad against Israel . It has deployed its militia in both Syria and Iraq to fight or train local forces to fight against ISIS . Once seen as a resistance movement throughout much of the Arab world , this image upon which the group 's legitimacy rested has been severely damaged due to the sectarian nature of the Syrian Civil War in which it has become embroiled . Hezbollah 's status as a legitimate political party , a terrorist group , a resistance movement , or some combination thereof is a contentious issue . The Arab League , United States , France , the Gulf Cooperation Council , Australia , Canada , the Netherlands , and Israel have classified Hezbollah as a terrorist organization . The European Union , New Zealand and the United Kingdom have proscribed Hezbollah 's military wing as a terrorist organization , while making a distinction with Hezbollah 's political wing . Russia considers Hezbollah a legitimate sociopolitical organization . The People 's Republic of China remains neutral , and maintains contacts with Hezbollah . ", "Ahmdad Motevaselian , an Iranian military attache , was one of four Iranians that disappeared in Lebanon in 1982 . During the Iran-Iraq war , he was a commander in the Army of the Guardians of the Islamic Revolution and established the 27th Muhammad Rasool-Allah Division of Tehran . He played a role in the Liberation of Khorramshahr and later , as part of a senior diplomatic group of political and military leaders , went to Syria . On 5 July 1982 , when the vehicle carrying the diplomats was passing through a checkpoint post on its way to Beirut , it was intercepted by Phalange Party . The car and four passengers , completely disappeared . Iran has accused Israel of kidnapping and holding them in Israeli jails and covering up their fate . Israel has said it is not aware of the fate of the diplomats . Iran called on the International Committee of the Red Cross -LRB- ICRC -RRB- to investigate their whereabouts . Three decades after the incident , the fate of the missing diplomats remains a mystery , and the search for Motevaselian and the other Iranians continues . Three decades after the incident , the fate of the missing diplomats remains a mystery but it is assumed that shortly after their abduction , they were executed by the Phalange . ", "The Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon was a conflict initiated by Palestinian militants based in South Lebanon upon Israel since 1968 , which evolved into the wider Lebanese Civil War in 1975 and lasted until the expulsion of the Palestinian Liberation Organization from Lebanon in the 1982 Lebanon War . Though the PFLP and some other Palestinian factions continued a low-level military activities against Israel from Lebanese soil , after 1982 , the conflict is considered to have shifted from Israeli -- Palestinian to Israel -- Hezbollah conflict . The South Lebanon insurgency , which peaked through the 1970s , claimed hundreds of Israeli and Palestinian military and civilian lives , and is considered among the key elements to starting the Lebanese Civil War . ", "Iran Shenasi also spelled as `` Iranshinasi '' is an academic journal of Iranian studies . The founding editor-in-chief is Jalal Matini . The journal is published in Persian -LRB- with English abstracts -RRB- and covers Iranian history , Persian culture , and Persian literature . The majority of research libraries in the world that have a Middle Eastern or Iranian studies program are subscribers and it is considered as one of the most authoritative journals on the culture of Iran and Persian literature . Iranshenasi has sometimes dedicated an entire issue to the remembrance of scholars and artists . Special issues on Parviz Natel-Khanlari , Zabihollah Safa , Ferdowsi , Nizami Ganjavi , Mehrdad Bahar , and Richard N. Frye are examples of these issues . ", "Tehranno -LRB- تهران نو -LSB- tehɾɒːˈnːo -RSB- -RRB- is one of the eastern neighborhoods in Tehran . It is located in region 13 of Tehran . It has 4 small squares , named Chaychi , Ettela'at , Ashtiani , and Lozi , respectively . However , Ashtiani Square has been torn down , because of the Bagheri highway 's construction . Before the Islamic Revolution , some of the streets were named by the words beginning with `` Mehr , '' such as Mehrbar , Mehrafrooz , Mehrpoo , Mehravar , Mehrjoo , and Mehrayin . The previous name of Lozi Square was Mehr Square , but during the war between Iraq and Iran , some were renamed after people killed in the war . Other streets are named after famous poets , such as Hafez , Sa ` di , Roodaki , Sa'eb tabrizi , Bou'ali , Sanayi , Ferdosi , and Molavi . The boundaries of Tehranno are Damavand Street in the north , Piroozi in the south , Nirooye Havayi in the west , and Bagheri and Dowran Expressway in the east . Parks near Tehranno include Piroozi Park , Avesta Park , Danesh Amooz Park , and Saba Park . Sorkheh Hesar Forest in the east of Tehranno is a well-used recreation area . The nearest neighborhoods to Tehranno are Tehranpars , Narmak , Vahidieh , Nezam abad -LRB- North -RRB- , Tehran shargh -LRB- East -RRB- , Nirooye havayi -LRB- West -RRB- . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Fort_Stanwix", "Siege_of_Fort_Stanwix", "Battle_of_Darsūniškis", "Siege_of_Louisbourg", "Siege_of_Humaitá" ]

[ "Fort Stanwix was a colonial fort whose construction commenced on August 26 , 1758 , under the direction of British General John Stanwix , at the location of present-day Rome , New York , but was not completed until about 1762 . The star fort was built to guard a portage known as the Oneida Carrying Place during the French and Indian War . Fort Stanwix National Monument , a reconstructed structure built by the National Park Service , now occupies the site . ", "The Siege of Fort Stanwix -LRB- also known at the time as Fort Schuyler -RRB- began on August 2 , 1777 , and ended August 22 . Fort Stanwix , in the western part of the Mohawk River Valley , was then the primary defense point for the Continental Army against British and Indian forces aligned against them in the American Revolutionary War . The fort was occupied by Continental Army forces from New York and Massachusetts under the command of Colonel Peter Gansevoort . The besieging force was composed of British regulars , American Loyalists , Hessian soldiers from Hesse-Hanau , and Indians , under the command of British Brigadier General Barry St. Leger and the Iroquois leader Joseph Brant . St. Leger 's expedition was a diversion in support of General John Burgoyne 's campaign to gain control of the Hudson River Valley to the east . One attempt at relief was thwarted early in the siege when a force of New York militia under Nicholas Herkimer was stopped in the August 6 Battle of Oriskany by a detachment of St. Leger 's forces . While that battle did not involve the fort 's garrison , some of its occupants sortied and raided the nearly empty Indian and Loyalist camps , which was a blow to the morale of St. Leger 's Indian support . They killed some Seneca . The siege was finally broken when American reinforcements under the command of Benedict Arnold neared , and Arnold used a ruse , with the assistance of Herkimer 's relative Hon Yost Schuyler , to convince the besiegers that a much larger force was arriving . This misinformation , combined with the departure of Indian fighters not interested in siege warfare and upset over their losses from the raids , led St. Leger to abandon the effort and retreat . St. Leger 's failure to advance on Albany contributed to Burgoyne 's surrender following the Battles of Saratoga in October 1777 . Although St. Leger reached Fort Ticonderoga in late September , he was too late to aid Burgoyne . The first official US flag was flown during battle on August 3 , 1777 , at Fort Schuyler . The Continental Congress adopted the following resolution on June 14 , 1777 : `` Resolved , that the flag of the United States be thirteen stripes , alternate red and white ; that the union be thirteen stars , white , on a blue field , representing a new constellation . '' There was a delay in displaying this flag . The resolution was not signed by the secretary of the Congress until September 3 , though it was previously printed in the newspapers . Massachusetts reinforcements to Fort Schuyler brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag . Soldiers cut up their shirts to make the white stripes ; scarlet material was secured from red flannel petticoats of officers ' wives , while material for the blue union was secured from Capt. Abraham Swartwout 's blue cloth coat . A voucher shows that Congress paid Capt. Swartwout for his coat for the flag . ", "The Battle of Darsūniškis took place on March 24 , 1702 near the town of Darsūniškis -LRB- Polish : Dorsuniszki -RRB- during the Swedish invasion of Poland in the Great Northern War . The Swedish army of about 240 men under the command of Alexander Hummerhielm was defeated by the Polish -- Saxon army of 6,000 men under Michał Serwacy Wiśniowiecki . ", "Siege of Louisbourg may refer to : Siege of Louisbourg -LRB- 1745 -RRB- , the capture of the settlement by British forces during the War of the Austrian Succession Siege of Louisbourg -LRB- 1758 -RRB- , the capture of the settlement by British forces during the Seven Years ' War , after which it was permanently ceded to the British ", "The Siege of Humaitá -LRB- Cerco de Humaitá -RRB- was a prolonged operation of encirclement that occurred at the Fortress of Humaitá , on the Paraguay River . Humaitá was surrounded by land on November 2 , 1867 , by water on February 19 , 1868 , and surrendered on July 25 , 1868 . " ]

[ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Pythagoras", "Pythagoreanism", "Onatas_-LRB-philosopher-RRB-", "Bernard_Lievegoed", "Udyotakara" ]

[ "Pythagoras of Samos -LRB- -LSB- pɪˈθægərəs -RSB- -LSB- paɪˈθægərəs -RSB- -LSB- Πυθαγόρας ὁ Σάμιος , Pythagóras ho Sámios , Pythagoras the Samos , Samian -RSB- , or simply Πυθαγόρας Πυθαγόρης in Ionian Greek ; -RRB- was an Ionian Greek philosopher , mathematician , and putative founder of the Pythagoreanism movement . He is often revered as a great mathematician and scientist and is best known for the Pythagorean theorem which bears his name . Legend and obfuscation cloud his work , so it is uncertain whether he truly contributed much to mathematics or natural philosophy . Many of the accomplishments credited to Pythagoras may actually have been accomplishments of his colleagues or successors . Some accounts mention that the philosophy associated with Pythagoras was related to mathematics and that numbers were important . It was said that he was the first man to call himself a philosopher , or lover of wisdom , and Pythagorean ideas exercised a marked influence on Plato , and through him , all of Western philosophy . ", "Pythagoreanism originated in the 6th century BC , based on the teachings and beliefs held by Pythagoras and his followers , the Pythagoreans , who were considerably influenced by mathematics and mysticism . Later revivals of Pythagorean doctrines led to what is now called Neopythagoreanism or Neoplatonism . Pythagorean ideas exercised a marked influence on Aristotle , and Plato , and through them , all of Western philosophy . Historians from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy pointed out ", "Onatas -LRB- Ὀνάτας fl . c. 5th century BC -RRB- of Croton or Tarentum was a Pythagorean philosopher . Nothing is known about his life , but a long passage from a work entitled On God and the Divine is preserved Stobaeus . The work probably dates from the 1st century BC or AD and is part of the pseudonymous Neo-Pythagorean literature . The author -LRB- `` Pseudo-Onatas '' -RRB- argues that God is a governing part of the universe , although the universe itself is not God but only divine . He argued against the belief in a single deity on the basis of the many `` powers '' in the universe ; they must belong to different gods . He also claimed that the earthy mixture of the body defiles the purity of the soul . ", "Bernardus Cornelis Johannes Lievegoed -LRB- 2 September 1905 , Medan -- 12 December 1992 , Zeist -RRB- was a Dutch medical doctor , psychiatrist and author . He is most famous for establishing a theory of organizational development . He founded the N.P.I. , or Netherlands Pedagogical Institute , which works with organizations and individuals to help these realize their economic , social and cultural goals . He also founded the Vrije Hogeschool in Driebergen . ", "Udyotakara -LRB- or Uddyotakara -RRB- -LRB- c. 6th century CE -RRB- was a philosopher of the Nyaya school of Indian philosophy . Subandhu 's mentioned him as the rescuer of the Nyaya . He was a brahmin of Bharadvaja gotra and he belonged to the Pashupata sect . His philosophical treatise , the was written to defend Vatsyayana 's against the criticisms made by Dignaga . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Pythagoras", "Pythagoreanism", "Onatas_-LRB-philosopher-RRB-", "Bernard_Lievegoed", "Udyotakara" ]

[ "Pythagoras of Samos -LRB- -LSB- pɪˈθægərəs -RSB- -LSB- paɪˈθægərəs -RSB- -LSB- Πυθαγόρας ὁ Σάμιος , Pythagóras ho Sámios , Pythagoras the Samos , Samian -RSB- , or simply Πυθαγόρας Πυθαγόρης in Ionian Greek ; -RRB- was an Ionian Greek philosopher , mathematician , and putative founder of the Pythagoreanism movement . He is often revered as a great mathematician and scientist and is best known for the Pythagorean theorem which bears his name . Legend and obfuscation cloud his work , so it is uncertain whether he truly contributed much to mathematics or natural philosophy . Many of the accomplishments credited to Pythagoras may actually have been accomplishments of his colleagues or successors . Some accounts mention that the philosophy associated with Pythagoras was related to mathematics and that numbers were important . It was said that he was the first man to call himself a philosopher , or lover of wisdom , and Pythagorean ideas exercised a marked influence on Plato , and through him , all of Western philosophy . ", "Pythagoreanism originated in the 6th century BC , based on the teachings and beliefs held by Pythagoras and his followers , the Pythagoreans , who were considerably influenced by mathematics and mysticism . Later revivals of Pythagorean doctrines led to what is now called Neopythagoreanism or Neoplatonism . Pythagorean ideas exercised a marked influence on Aristotle , and Plato , and through them , all of Western philosophy . Historians from the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy pointed out ", "Onatas -LRB- Ὀνάτας fl . c. 5th century BC -RRB- of Croton or Tarentum was a Pythagorean philosopher . Nothing is known about his life , but a long passage from a work entitled On God and the Divine is preserved Stobaeus . The work probably dates from the 1st century BC or AD and is part of the pseudonymous Neo-Pythagorean literature . The author -LRB- `` Pseudo-Onatas '' -RRB- argues that God is a governing part of the universe , although the universe itself is not God but only divine . He argued against the belief in a single deity on the basis of the many `` powers '' in the universe ; they must belong to different gods . He also claimed that the earthy mixture of the body defiles the purity of the soul . ", "Bernardus Cornelis Johannes Lievegoed -LRB- 2 September 1905 , Medan -- 12 December 1992 , Zeist -RRB- was a Dutch medical doctor , psychiatrist and author . He is most famous for establishing a theory of organizational development . He founded the N.P.I. , or Netherlands Pedagogical Institute , which works with organizations and individuals to help these realize their economic , social and cultural goals . He also founded the Vrije Hogeschool in Driebergen . ", "Udyotakara -LRB- or Uddyotakara -RRB- -LRB- c. 6th century CE -RRB- was a philosopher of the Nyaya school of Indian philosophy . Subandhu 's mentioned him as the rescuer of the Nyaya . He was a brahmin of Bharadvaja gotra and he belonged to the Pashupata sect . His philosophical treatise , the was written to defend Vatsyayana 's against the criticisms made by Dignaga . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Hair_-LRB-musical-RRB-", "Hair_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Tony_Award_for_Best_Featured_Actress_in_a_Play", "Drama_Desk_Award_for_Outstanding_Set_Design", "Applause_-LRB-Bonnie_Franklin_song-RRB-" ]

[ "Hair : The American Tribal Love-Rock Musical is a rock musical with a book and lyrics by James Rado and Gerome Ragni and music by Galt MacDermot . A product of the hippie counterculture and sexual revolution of the late 1960s , several of its songs became anthems of the anti-Vietnam War peace movement . The musical 's profanity , its depiction of the use of illegal drugs , its treatment of sexuality , its irreverence for the American flag , and its nude scene caused much comment and controversy . The musical broke new ground in musical theatre by defining the genre of `` rock musical '' , using a racially integrated cast , and inviting the audience onstage for a `` Be-In '' finale . Hair tells the story of the `` tribe '' , a group of politically active , long-haired hippies of the `` Age of Aquarius '' living a bohemian life in New York City and fighting against conscription into the Vietnam War . Claude , his good friend Berger , their roommate Sheila and their friends struggle to balance their young lives , loves , and the sexual revolution with their rebellion against the war and their conservative parents and society . Ultimately , Claude must decide whether to resist the draft as his friends have done , or to succumb to the pressures of his parents -LRB- and conservative America -RRB- to serve in Vietnam , compromising his pacifist principles and risking his life . After an off-Broadway debut in October 1967 at Joseph Papp 's Public Theater and a subsequent run at the Cheetah nightclub from December 1967 through January 1968 , the show opened on Broadway in April 1968 and ran for 1,750 performances . Simultaneous productions in cities across the United States and Europe followed shortly thereafter , including a successful London production that ran for 1,997 performances . Since then , numerous productions have been staged around the world , spawning dozens of recordings of the musical , including the 3 million-selling original Broadway cast recording . Some of the songs from its score became Top 10 hits , and a feature film adaptation was released in 1979 . A Broadway revival opened in 2009 , earning strong reviews and winning the Tony Award and Drama Desk Award for best revival of a musical . In 2008 , Time magazine wrote , `` Today Hair seems , if anything , more daring than ever . '' ", "Hair is a 1979 musical war comedy-drama film adaptation of the 1968 Broadway musical Hair : An American Tribal Love-Rock Musical about a Vietnam War draftee who meets and befriends a tribe of long-haired hippies on his way to the army induction center . The hippies introduce him to their environment of marijuana , LSD , unorthodox relationships and draft evasion . The film was directed by Miloš Forman -LRB- who received a César Award nomination for his work on the film -RRB- and adapted for the screen by Michael Weller -LRB- who would collaborate with Forman on a second picture , Ragtime , two years later -RRB- . Cast members include Treat Williams , John Savage , Beverly D'Angelo , Don Dacus , Annie Golden , Dorsey Wright , Nell Carter , Cheryl Barnes , Richard Bright , Ellen Foley and Charlotte Rae . Dance scenes were choreographed by Twyla Tharp and performed by the Twyla Tharp Dance Foundation . The film was nominated for Golden Globe Awards for Best Motion Picture -- Musical or Comedy and New Star of the Year in a Motion Picture -LRB- for Williams -RRB- . ", "The Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play is an honor presented at the Tony Awards , a ceremony established in 1947 as the Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre , to actresses for quality supporting roles in a Broadway play . The awards are named after Antoinette Perry , an American actress who died in 1946 . Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the Tony Award Productions , a joint venture of The Broadway League and the American Theatre Wing , to `` honor the best performances and stage productions of the previous year . '' Originally called the Tony Award for Actress , Supporting or Featured -LRB- Dramatic -RRB- , it was later changed to its current title in 1976 . Before 1956 , nominees ' names were not made public . The change was made by the awards committee to `` have a greater impact on theatregoers '' . ", "The Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Set Design is an annual award presented by Drama Desk in recognition of achievements in the theatre among Broadway , Off Broadway and Off-Off Broadway productions . In the 1998 ceremony the category was separated , to honor both plays and musicals . The category was reinstated in the 2010 ceremony . † - indicates the performance won the Tony Award ‡ - indicates the performance was also nominated for the Tony Award ", "`` Applause '' is the title song from the 1970 Broadway musical Applause , with music by Charles Strouse and lyrics by Lee Adams , originally performed by Bonnie Franklin , who originated the role of Bonnie in the musical , and recorded as a single with orchestra and chorus conducted by Donald Pippin . The single was released with a B-side featuring the star of the production , Lauren Bacall , making her musical theatre debut , performing `` Something Greater '' together with Len Cariou . The single 's popularity led to Franklin 's being invited to perform it on the 24th Tony Awards broadcast on television , where the show gained Best Musical , Bacall Best Leading Actress in a Musical , but Bonnie Franklin missed out on the best supporting actress to Melba Moore . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "L._Ron_Hubbard", "Ray_Wylie_Hubbard", "Frank_Felton", "Steve_Seventy", "Steven_Wells" ]

[ "Lafayette Ronald Hubbard -LRB- March 13 , 1911 -- January 24 , 1986 -RRB- , better known as L. Ron Hubbard -LRB- -LSB- ɛl_rɒn_ˈhʌˌbərd -RSB- -RRB- and often referred to by his initials , LRH , was an American author and the founder of the Church of Scientology . In 2014 , Hubbard was cited by the Smithsonian magazine as one of the 100 most significant Americans of all time , as one of the eleven religious figures on that list . After establishing a career as a writer , becoming best known for his science fiction and fantasy stories , he developed a system called Dianetics which was first expounded in book form in May 1950 . He subsequently developed his ideas into a wide-ranging set of doctrines and practices as part of a new religious movement that he called Scientology . His writings became the guiding texts for the Church of Scientology and a number of affiliated organizations that address such diverse topics as business administration , literacy and drug rehabilitation . The Church 's dissemination of these materials led to Hubbard being listed by the Guinness Book of World Records as the most translated and published author in the world . The Guinness World Record for the most audio books published for one author is also held by Hubbard . Although many aspects of Hubbard 's life story are disputed , there is general agreement about its basic outline . Born in Tilden , Nebraska , he spent much of his childhood in Helena , Montana . He traveled in Asia and the South Pacific in the late 1920s after his father , an officer in the United States Navy , was posted to the U.S. naval base on Guam . He attended George Washington University in Washington , D.C. at the start of the 1930s , before dropping out and beginning his career as a prolific writer of pulp fiction stories . He served briefly in the United States Marine Corps Reserve and was an officer in the United States Navy during World War II , briefly commanding two ships , the USS YP-422 and USS PC-815 . He was removed both times when his superiors found him incapable of command . The last few months of his active service were spent in a hospital , being treated for a duodenal ulcer . After the war , Hubbard developed a philosophy he called Dianetics , which he called `` the modern science of mental health '' . He founded Scientology in 1952 and oversaw the growth of the Church of Scientology into a worldwide organization . During the late 1960s and early 1970s , he spent much of his time at sea on his personal fleet of ships as `` Commodore '' of the Sea Organization , an elite inner group of Scientologists . His expedition came to an end when Britain , Greece , Spain , Portugal , and Venezuela all closed their ports to his fleet . At one point , a court in Australia revoked the Church 's status as a religion , though it was later reinstated . Hubbard returned to the United States in 1975 and went into seclusion in the California desert . In 1978 , a trial court in France convicted Hubbard of fraud in absentia . Others convictions from the same trial were reversed on appeal , but Hubbard died before the court considered his case . In 1983 L. Ron Hubbard was named as an unindicted co-conspirator in an international information infiltration and theft project called `` Operation Snow White '' . He spent the remaining years of his life on his ranch , the `` Whispering Wind , '' near Creston , California , where he died in 1986 . A small group of Scientology officials and physician Dr. Eugene Denk attended to him before his death , for a number of ailments including chronic pancreatitis . In 1986 , he died at age 74 in a 1982 Blue Bird motor home , which was situated on his property . The Church of Scientology describes Hubbard in hagiographic terms , and he portrayed himself as a pioneering explorer , world traveler , and nuclear physicist with expertise in a wide range of disciplines , including photography , art , poetry , and philosophy . In Scientology publications , he is referred to as `` Founder '' and `` Source '' of Scientology and Dianetics . His critics , including his own son Ronald DeWolf , have characterized him as a liar , a charlatan , and mentally unstable , though DeWolf later repudiated those statements . Though many of Hubbard 's autobiographical statements have been found to be fictitious , the Church rejects any suggestion that its account of Hubbard 's life is not historical fact . ", "Ray Wylie Hubbard -LRB- born November 13 , 1946 -RRB- is a Texas country singer and songwriter . ", "Frank Felton -LRB- April 4 , 1906 in Hartford , Connecticut -- 1957 -RRB- was an actor and from 1942 to 1957 performed in dozens of Hollywood movies and television shows . He died in 1957 , in Los Angeles , at the age of 51 . ", "Steve Seventy -LRB- June 12 , 1927 -- July 6 , 1988 -RRB- is a former Democratic member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives . He died in office of pancreatic cancer in 1988 . ", "Steven Wells -LRB- 10 May 1960 -- 24 June 2009 -RRB- was a British journalist , author , comedian and punk poet born in Swindon , Wiltshire . He was best known for ranting poetry and his provocative , unapologetic music journalism . In June 2006 , he wrote in the Philadelphia Weekly about his treatment for Hodgkin 's lymphoma . After being in remission for a short time , he was diagnosed with enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma in January 2009 and died on 24 June 2009 in Philadelphia . " ]

[ 1, 1, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "Malta", "Catholic_Church", "Languages_of_Malta", "Elections_in_Malta", "Maltese_language" ]

[ "Malta -LRB- -LSB- ˈmɒltə -RSB- -LSB- ˈmɐltɐ -RSB- -RRB- , officially known as the Republic of Malta -LRB- Repubblika ta ' Malta -RRB- , is a Southern European island country consisting of an archipelago in the Mediterranean Sea . It lies 80 km south of Italy , 284 km east of Tunisia , and 333 km north of Libya . The country covers just over 316 km2 , with a population of just under 450,000 , making it one of the world 's smallest and most densely populated countries . The capital of Malta is Valletta , which at 0.8 km2 , is the smallest national capital in the European Union by area . Malta has one national language , which is Maltese , and English as an official language . Malta 's location in the middle of the Mediterranean has historically given it great strategic importance as a naval base , and a succession of powers , including the Phoenicians , Carthaginians , Greeks , Romans , Byzantines , Moors , Normans , Sicilians , Spanish , Knights of St. John , French and British , have ruled the islands . King George VI of the United Kingdom awarded the George Cross to Malta in 1942 for the country 's bravery in the Second World War . The George Cross continues to appear on Malta 's national flag . Under the Malta Independence Act , passed by the British Parliament in 1964 , Malta gained independence from the United Kingdom as an independent sovereign Commonwealth realm , officially known from 1964 to 1974 as the State of Malta , with Elizabeth II as its head of state . The country became a republic in 1974 , and although no longer a Commonwealth realm , remains a member state of the Commonwealth of Nations . Malta was admitted to the United Nations in 1964 and to the European Union in 2004 ; in 2008 , it became part of the Eurozone . Malta has a long Christian legacy and its Archdiocese of Malta is claimed to be an apostolic see because , according to Acts of the Apostles , St Paul was shipwrecked on `` Melita '' , now widely taken to be Malta . Catholicism is the official religion in Malta . Malta is a popular tourist destination with its warm climate , numerous recreational areas , and architectural and historical monuments , including three UNESCO World Heritage Sites : Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum , Valletta , and seven Megalithic Temples , which are some of the oldest free-standing structures in the world . ", "The Catholic Church , also known as the Roman Catholic Church , is the largest Christian Church , with more than 1.29 billion members worldwide . As one of the oldest religious institutions in the world , it has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilisation . Headed by the Bishop of Rome , known as the Pope , the church 's doctrines are summarised in the Nicene Creed . Its central administration , the Holy See , is in the Vatican City , enclaved within Rome , Italy . The Catholic Church teaches that it is the one true church founded by Jesus Christ , that its bishops are the successors of Christ 's apostles , and that the Pope is the successor to Saint Peter . The Catholic Church maintains that the doctrine on faith and morals that it declares as definitive is infallible . The Latin Church and Eastern Catholic Churches , as well as institutes such as mendicant orders and enclosed monastic orders , reflect a variety of theological and spiritual emphases in the Church . The Catholic Church is notable within Western Christianity for its sacred tradition and seven sacraments . The principal sacrament , the Eucharist , is celebrated liturgically in the Mass. . The church teaches that through consecration by a priest the sacrificial bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ . The Catholic Church practises closed communion , with only baptised members in a state of grace ordinarily permitted to receive the Eucharist . The Virgin Mary is venerated in the Catholic Church as Queen of Heaven and is honoured in numerous Marian devotions . The Catholic Church has defined four Marian dogmas : the Immaculate Conception , the dogma that Mary was conceived without original sin ; her status as the Mother of God ; her perpetual virginity ; and her bodily assumption into Heaven at the end of her earthly life . The Catholic Church has influenced Western philosophy , science , art and culture , and from the Middle Ages until the Modern Age acted as the principal force of unity in the Western world . Catholic spiritual teaching includes spreading the Gospel while Catholic social teaching emphasises support for the sick , the poor and the afflicted through the corporal and spiritual works of mercy . The Catholic Church is the largest non-government provider of education and medical services in the world . From the late 20th century , the Catholic Church has been criticised for its doctrines on sexuality , its refusal to ordain women and its handling of sexual abuse cases . ", "Malta has two official languages : Maltese and English . Maltese is also the national language . Until 1934 Italian was also an official language in Malta . Having been governed by many different countries in the past , the Maltese population is generally able to converse in languages which are not native to the country , namely English and Italian . According to the Eurobarometer poll conducted in 2012 , 98 % of Maltese people can speak Maltese , 88 % can speak English , 66 % can speak Italian , and more than 17 % speak French . This shows a recent increase in the fluency of languages , since in 1995 , only 98 % of the population spoke Maltese , 76 % English , 36 % Italian , and 10 % French . Surprisingly , it also shows an increase in Italian fluency compared to when Italian was an official language of Malta . French , German and Spanish are the other main languages studied in secondary and tertiary education . ", "Malta elects on a national level 6 MEPs representing Malta in the European Parliament , on a district level the legislature , On a local level the Local Councils and on a community level the Administrative Committees . Malta uses single transferable vote to elect its MP/MEP and local councillors . Even though transferable preferences should help third parties , the Maltese electorate , since independence , has consistently voted in two dominant political parties and effectively created a two party system . ", "Maltese -LRB- links = no -RRB- is the national language of Malta and a co-official language of the country alongside English , while also serving as an official language of the European Union , the only Semitic language so distinguished . Maltese is descended from Siculo-Arabic , the variety of Arabic that developed in Sicily and was later introduced to Malta , between the end of the ninth century and the end of the twelfth century . Maltese is a unique branch of Arabic because it has evolved independently of Literary Arabic into a standardized language over the past 800 years in a gradual process of Latinisation . The original Semitic base -LRB- Siculo-Arabic -RRB- comprises around one-third of the Maltese vocabulary , especially words that denote basic ideas and the function words , but about half of the vocabulary is derived from standard Italian and Sicilian ; and English words make up between 6 % and 20 % of the vocabulary . Maltese has always been written in the Latin script , the earliest surviving example dating from the late Middle Ages . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Gamal_Abdel_Nasser", "Kafr_Qasim_massacre", "Hashimiya_attack", "Jamal_Abdel_Nasser_Street", "November_1963_Iraqi_coup_d'état" ]

[ "Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein -LRB- جمال عبد الناصر حسين , -LSB- ɡæˈmæːl ʕæbdenˈnɑːsˤeɾ ħeˈseːn -RSB- ; 15 January 1918 -- 28 September 1970 -RRB- was the second President of Egypt , serving from 1956 until his death . Nasser led the 1952 overthrow of the monarchy and introduced far-reaching land reforms the following year . Following a 1954 attempt on his life by a Muslim Brotherhood member , he cracked down on the organization , put President Muhammad Naguib under house arrest , and assumed executive office , officially becoming president in June 1956 . Nasser 's popularity in Egypt and the Arab world skyrocketed after his nationalization of the Suez Canal and his political victory in the subsequent Suez Crisis . Calls for pan-Arab unity under his leadership increased , culminating with the formation of the United Arab Republic with Syria -LRB- 1958 -- 1961 -RRB- . In 1962 , Nasser began a series of major socialist measures and modernization reforms in Egypt . Despite setbacks to his pan-Arabist cause , by 1963 Nasser 's supporters gained power in several Arab countries , but he became embroiled in the North Yemen Civil War . He began his second presidential term in March 1965 after his political opponents were banned from running . Following Egypt 's defeat by Israel in the 1967 Six-Day War , Nasser resigned , but he returned to office after popular demonstrations called for his reinstatement . By 1968 , Nasser had appointed himself prime minister , launched the War of Attrition to regain lost territory , began a process of depoliticizing the military , and issued a set of political liberalization reforms . After the conclusion of the 1970 Arab League summit , Nasser suffered a heart attack and died . His funeral in Cairo drew five million mourners and an outpouring of grief across the Arab world . Nasser remains an iconic figure in the Arab world , particularly for his strides towards social justice and Arab unity , modernization policies , and anti-imperialist efforts . His presidency also encouraged and coincided with an Egyptian cultural boom , and launched large industrial projects , including the Aswan Dam and Helwan City . Nasser 's detractors criticize his authoritarianism , corruption , incompetence , and human rights violations , his propagandistic manipulation of the populace , and his dominance of military over civil institutions , establishing a pattern of military and dictatorial rule in Egypt . ", "The Kafr Qasim massacre took place in the Israeli Arab village of Kafr Qasim situated on the Green Line , at that time , the de facto border between Israel and the Jordanian West Bank on October 29 , 1956 . It was carried out by the Israel Border Police -LRB- Magav -RRB- , who killed Arab civilians returning from work during a curfew , imposed earlier in the day , on the eve of the Sinai war , of which they were unaware . In total 48 people died , of which 19 were men , 6 were women and 23 were children aged 8 -- 17 . Arab sources usually give the death toll as 49 , as they include the unborn child of one of the women . The border policemen who were involved in the shooting were brought to trial and found guilty and sentenced to prison terms , but all received pardons and were released in a year . The brigade commander was sentenced to pay the symbolic fine of 10 prutot -LRB- old Israeli cents -RRB- . The Israeli court found that the command to kill civilians was `` blatantly illegal '' . In December 2007 , President of Israel Shimon Peres formally apologised for the massacre . ", "Assailants ambushed a security convoy transporting prisoners in Hashimiyah area , Babil governorate , Iraq . At least 75 people were killed and five people were injured in the attack ; the victims included prisoners , police officers , and assailants . No group claimed responsibility for the incident ; however , sources attributed the attack to ISIL . ", "Jamal Abdel Nasser Street -LRB- also spelled Gamal Abdel Nasser Street and alternatively known as Thalatheny Street -RRB- is a major street in Gaza that originates in the Old City where it branches off Ni'im al-Din al-Arabi Street and runs north into Rimal where it connects to Ahmed Orabi Street , the main coastal highway . It runs parallel to Omar Mukhtar Street . The street was named after the late President of Egypt and pan-Arabist leader Gamal Abdel Nasser . The unofficial , but common local name is Thalatheny Street , which is named after the Thalatheny clan who have historically lived in that area . Major buildings located along Jamal Abdel Nasser Street include the Gaza headquarters of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency -LRB- UNRWA -RRB- , the al-Azhar University and the Islamic University of Gaza . ", "The November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état took place between November 13 and November 18 , 1963 when , following internal party divisions , pro-Nasserist Iraqi officers led a military coup within the Ba'ath Party . Although the coup itself was bloodless , 250 people were killed in related action . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The_Winds_of_Winter", "Boy,_Snow,_Bird", "A_Cold_Wind_Blows_-LRB-game-RRB-", "Giants_of_the_Frost", "The_Winter's_Tale_-LRB-opera-RRB-" ]

[ "The Winds of Winter is the forthcoming sixth novel in the epic fantasy series A Song of Ice and Fire by George R. R. Martin . The previous installment , A Dance with Dragons , covered less story than Martin intended , excluding at least one planned large battle sequence and leaving several character threads ending in cliffhangers . Martin intends to resolve these storylines `` very early '' in The Winds of Winter , saying `` I 'm going to open with the two big battles that I was building up to , the battle in the ice and the battle at Meereen -- the battle of Slaver 's Bay . And then take it from there . '' A Victarion Greyjoy chapter will begin five minutes after the end of A Dance with Dragons , taking place on the eve of the Iron Islanders ' arrival in Slaver 's Bay . Arianne Martell sample chapters that Martin released on his website showed her heading for Griffin 's Roost to see the young man who is calling himself Aegon . Martin said in March 2012 that the final two novels will take readers farther north than any of the previous books , and that the Others will appear in the book . ", "Boy , Snow , Bird is a 2014 novel by British author Helen Oyeyemi . The novel , Oyeyemi 's fifth , was a loose retelling of the fairytale Snow White . Oyeyemi also cited the novel Passing as an inspiration . ", "A Cold Wind Blows is a noncompetitive substitute for the game of musical chairs . It was developed in the 1970s as part of the New Games movement , developed by Andrew Fluegelman and colleagues . ", "Giants of the Frost is a 2004 horror/fantasy novel by Kim Wilkins . It follows the story of Victoria Scott who after accepting a job on an isolated island is visited by a hag in her nightmares and a sense of familiarity in the haunted forest . In the world of Asgard , Vidar has exiled himself in order to await the reincarnation of the woman he loved . ", "The Winter 's Tale is an opera in three acts by Ryan Wigglesworth . The libretto is by the composer , based on the play of the same name by William Shakespeare . The opera , in a production directed by Rory Kinnear , and conducted by the composer , was premiered at the English National Opera on 27 February 2017 . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 1 ]

[ "The_Fly_II", "The_Fly_-LRB-1986_film-RRB-", "The_Crawling_Terror", "Fly_on_the_wall", "Time_Flies_-LRB-Vaya_Con_Dios_album-RRB-" ]

[ "The Fly II is a 1989 science fiction horror film starring Eric Stoltz and Daphne Zuniga . It was directed by Chris Walas as a sequel to the 1986 Academy Award-winning film The Fly , itself a remake of the 1958 film of the same name . Stoltz 's character in this sequel is the adult son of Seth Brundle , the scientist-turned - ` Brundlefly ' , played by Jeff Goldblum in the 1986 remake . With the exception of stock footage of Goldblum from the first film , John Getz was the only actor to reprise his role . ", "The Fly is a 1986 American science fiction horror film directed and co-written by David Cronenberg . Produced by Brooksfilms and distributed by 20th Century Fox , the film stars Jeff Goldblum , Geena Davis and John Getz . Loosely based on George Langelaan 's 1957 short story of the same name , the film tells of an eccentric scientist who , after one of his experiments goes wrong , slowly turns into a fly-hybrid creature . The score was composed by Howard Shore and the make-up effects were created by Chris Walas , along with makeup artist Stephan Dupuis . The film was released on August 15 , 1986 to massive acclaim by critics and audiences , with praise mainly regarding the special effects and Goldblum 's performance . It grossed $ 60.6 million at the box office against its nine-million-dollar budget , becoming the largest commercial success of Cronenberg 's career . Walas and Dupuis ' work on the film resulted in their winning an Academy Award for Best Makeup , the only film directed by Cronenberg to win an Oscar . A sequel , directed by Walas himself , was released in 1989 . ", "The Crawling Terror is a BBC Books original novel written by Mike Tucker and based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who . It features the Twelfth Doctor and Clara Oswald . The book was released on 11 September 2014 along with The Blood Cell and Silhouette . ", "Fly-on-the-wall is a style of documentary-making used in film and television production . The name derived from the idea that events are seen candidly , as a fly on a wall might see them . In the purest form of fly-on-the-wall documentary-making , the camera crew works as unobtrusively as possible ; however , it is also common for participants to be interviewed , often by an off-camera voice . Examples include Cops , Deadliest Catch , Survivor , Big Brother , Dynamo : Magician Impossible and Weiner . The format has also been spoofed , notably in 2001 BBC comedy The Office , based at a paper merchant in Slough . ", "Time Flies is the third studio album by Vaya Con Dios , who were at this point mostly a one-woman band . Even more than the previous albums , this is a melancholic album and is more blues and soul oriented . The reason for the theme is because Vaya Con Dios was mainly the partnership of Dani Klein and Dirk Schoufs and in 1991 the pair fell out badly . On 24 May 1991 Schoufs , who was only 29 , died of a cocktail of medication , drugs and alcohol . The album did very well in Europe , reaching number one in Switzerland and getting platinum certification in four countries , eventually proving to be the most successful Vaya Con Dios album . Time Flies was the first album from Vaya Con Dios which did not end with a song in French . In 1993 Vaya Con Dios embarked on its first world tour . " ]

[ 2, 2, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Ted_Cruz", "Michael_Cruz", "Jorge_Cruz", "Pablo_Puyol", "Leo_Cruz" ]

[ "Rafael Edward `` Ted '' Cruz -LSB- ˈkruːz -RSB- -LRB- born December 22 , 1970 -RRB- is an American politician and attorney , who has served as the junior United States Senator from Texas since 2013 . He was a candidate for the Republican nomination for President of the United States in the 2016 election . Cruz graduated from Princeton University , New Jersey , in 1992 , and from Harvard Law School , Massachusetts , in 1995 . From 1999 to 2003 , he served in various political appointee positions : the Director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission -LRB- FTC -RRB- , an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the United States Department of Justice , and a Domestic Policy Advisor to George W. Bush on the 2000 George W. Bush Presidential campaign . Cruz served as Solicitor General of Texas , from 2003 to 2008 , appointed by Texas Attorney General , Greg Abbott . He was the first Hispanic , and the longest-serving , Solicitor General in Texas history . From 2004 to 2009 , Cruz was an Adjunct Professor at the University of Texas School of Law in Austin , Texas , where he taught U.S. Supreme Court litigation . Cruz ran for the Senate seat vacated by fellow Republican Kay Bailey Hutchison and , in July 2012 , defeated Lieutenant Governor David Dewhurst during the Republican primary runoff , 57 -- 43 % . He defeated former State Representative Paul Sadler in the November 2012 general election , winning 56 -- 41 % . He is the first Hispanic American to serve as a U.S. Senator representing Texas , and is one of three senators of Cuban descent . He chairs the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Oversight , Federal Rights and Agency Activities , and is the Chairman of the Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Space , Science and Competitiveness . In November 2012 , he was appointed Vice-Chairman of the National Republican Senatorial Committee . Cruz began campaigning for the Republican presidential nomination in March 2015 . During the primary campaign , his base of support was strongest with `` women , white evangelical Protestants , people over the age of 50 , and those who identified themselves as conservatives '' , though he had crossover appeal to other factions within his party , including libertarian conservatives and millennials . Cruz 's victory in the February 2016 Iowa caucuses marked the first time a Hispanic person won a U.S. presidential caucus or primary . He eventually emerged as the main challenger to frontrunner Donald Trump . He suspended his campaign for president on May 3 , 2016 , after losing the Republican primary in Indiana to Trump . ", "Michael Warren `` Mike '' Cruz , M.D. -LRB- born September 8 , 1958 -RRB- is a surgeon and former politician in Guam , a U.S. territory . Cruz served as the eighth elected Lieutenant Governor of Guam from 2007 to 2011 . ", "Jorge Cruz is a transgender avant-garde artist . ", "Pablo Puyol Ledesma -LRB- born December 26 , 1975 -RRB- is a Spanish actor , dancer and singer . He has done several appearances in the big one and small screen , emphasizing his last step along the last one on February 6 , 2014 , in the program of Antena 3 -LRB- Spain -RRB- , Your Face Sounds Familiar , in that he was like a guest and he imitated Vanilla Ice , and he was postulated like favorite for the fourth edition of the contest . On July 29 , 2015 the rumors were confirmed , and there became official his participation in the fourth edition of Your Face Sounds Familiar . He is a vegan from 2012 and he collaborates with the International Organization in defense of the Animal Equality . ", "Leonardo Cruz -LRB- born January 17 , 1953 in Santiago de los Caballeros , Dominican Republic -RRB- , better known in the world of boxing as Leo Cruz , was a world Jr. . Featherweight champion from the Dominican Republic . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Mohan_Babu", "Babur", "Wendy_Burge", "Babu_Mohan", "Wendy_Dagworthy" ]

[ "Mohan Babu -LRB- born Manchu Bhakthavatsalam Naidu -RRB- is an Indian film actor , director , and producer , known for his works predominantly in Telugu Cinema and few Tamil films . An alumnus of the Madras Film Institute , Mohan Babu has acted in more than five hundred feature films in lead , supporting and a variety of roles . In 1995 , He has received Filmfare Best Actor Award , for his work in the multi-starrer Pedarayudu , which also starred Rajnikanth in a pivotal role . In 2007 , He has received the CineMAA Award for Best Supporting Actor for his work in Yamadonga . Mohan Babu was awarded an honorary doctorate from University of California , Berkeley for his contribution to the field of cinema and education . He is the co-owner of production companies such as Sree Lakshmi Prasanna Pictures , 24 Frames Factory and Manchu Entertainment . In 2016 , He has garnered the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award -- South . A former Physical Education Instructor , Mohan Babu is a noted educationalist , and operates Sri Vidya Niketan Educational Institutions , and is the founder of Sree Vidyanikethan Educational Trust . In the year 2007 , he received Padma Shri for his contribution to the field of Arts and education . He is a former Member of Parliament -- Rajya Sabha from Andhra Pradesh after being elected in the year 1995 . He was also elected a Deputy into the International Parliament for Safety and Peace , an intergovernmental organization based in Italy . He is referred to in the media as Dialogue King , Collection King , Nataprapoorna , and Natavachaspathi . In 1980 , He was starred in the Tamil film , Guru , alongside Kamal Hassan . In the same year he portrayed a British commanding officer in Sardar Papa Rayudu , alongside N. T. Rama Rao . He received critical reception for his antagonist roles in films like Alluri Seetharama Raju -LRB- 1974 -RRB- , Swargam Narakam -LRB- 1975 -RRB- , Gorantha Deepam -LRB- 1978 -RRB- , Sivaranjani -LRB- 1978 -RRB- , Padaharella Vayasu -LRB- 1978 -RRB- , Driver Ramudu -LRB- 1979 -RRB- , Satyam Shivam -LRB- 1981 -RRB- , Premabhishekam -LRB- 1981 -RRB- , Chattaniki Kallu Levu -LRB- 1981 -RRB- , Patnam Vachina Pativrathalu -LRB- 1982 -RRB- , Grihalakshmi -LRB- 1984 -RRB- , Adavi Donga -LRB- 1985 -RRB- , khaidi No. 786 -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , Gruhapravesam -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , Janaki Ramudu -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , Lankeshwarudu -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , Kodama Simham -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Kondaveeti Donga -LRB- 1990 -RRB- , Annamayya -LRB- 1997 -RRB- , and Sri Jagadguru Aadi Sankara -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . On the other hand , he was starred in blockbusters like Alludugaru -LRB- 1990 -RRB- alongside Ramya Krishnan , Assembly Rowdy -LRB- 1991 -RRB- alongside Divya Bharti , Allari Mogudu -LRB- 1992 -RRB- alongside Meena , Major Chandrakanth -LRB- 1993 -RRB- alongside Nagma , Veedevadandi Babu -LRB- 1997 -RRB- alongside Shilpa Shetty , Pandavulu Pandavulu Thummeda -LRB- 2014 -RRB- alongside Raveena Tandon , and Rowdy -LRB- 2014 -RRB- alongside Jaya Sudha . ", "Babur -LRB- -LSB- بابر , lit = Tiger , translit = Bābur -RSB- 14 February 148326 December 1530 -RRB- , born Ẓahīr-ud-Dīn Muḥammad -LRB- -LSB- ظهیرالدین محمد , translit = Ẓahīr ad-Dīn Muḥammad -RSB- -RRB- , was a conqueror from Central Asia who , following a series of setbacks , finally succeeded in laying the basis for the Mughal dynasty in the Indian subcontinent and became the first Mughal emperor . He was a direct descendant of Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur -LRB- Tamurlane -RRB- from the Barlas clan , through his father , and also a descendant of Genghis Khan through his mother . He was also influenced by the Persian culture and this affected both his own actions and those of his successors , giving rise to a significant expansion of the Persianate ethos in the Indian subcontinent . Babur was the eldest son of Umar Sheikh Mirza . He ascended the throne of Fergana in 1495 at the age of twelve and faced rebellion from his own relatives . He conquered Samarkand two years later , only to lose the city of Fergana soon after . In his attempt to reconquer Fergana , he lost control of Samarkand . In 1501 , his attempt to recapture both cities went in vain as he was defeated by Muhammad Shaybani Khan . In 1504 , he conquered Kabul , which was under the rule of the infant heir of Ulugh Begh . Babur formed a partnership with Safavid ruler Ismail I and reconquered parts of central Asia , including Samarkand , only to again lose it and the other newly conquered lands to the Uzbeks . After losing Samarkand for the third time , Babur turned his attention to creating his empire in north India . At that time , the Indo-Gangetic Plain of the northern Indian Subcontinent was ruled by Ibrahim Lodi of the Afghan Lodi dynasty , whereas Rajputana was ruled by a Hindu Rajput Confederacy , led by Rana Sanga of Mewar . In 1524 , Daulat Khan Lodi , a rebel of the Lodhi dynasty , invited Babur to overthrow Ibrahim and become ruler . Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi at the First Battle of Panipat in 1526 and founded the Mughal empire . However , he again faced opposition , this time from Rana Sanga of Mewar who considered Babur a foreigner . The Rana was defeated at the Battle of Khanwa . Babur married several times . Notable among his sons are Humayun , Kamran Mirza and Hindal Mirza . Babur died in 1530 and was succeeded by Humayun . According to Babur 's wishes , he was buried in Bagh-e-Babur in Kabul , Afghanistan . Being a patrilineal descendant of Timur , Babur considered himself a Timurid and Turk , though Uzbek sources claim him as an ethnic Uzbek . He is considered a national hero in Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan . Many of his poems also have become popular folk songs . He wrote his autobiography , Baburnama , in Chaghatai Turkic and this was translated into Persian during Akbar 's reign . ", "Wendy Burge -LRB- born October 1 , 1957 in Alaska -RRB- is an American former competitive figure skater . She won the silver medal at the 1975 U.S. Figure Skating Championships and placed 6th at the 1976 Winter Olympics . She retired in Orange County , California after working as a professional coach for over twenty years . ", "Doctorate Babu Mohan is a comedy actor in Telugu cinema . He has often performed with Kota Srinivasa Rao . ", "Wendy Ann Dagworthy OBE -LRB- born 4 March 1950 -RRB- is an English former fashion designer and now design academic . During her career she has led fashion design teaching at both the Royal College of Art and Central Saint Martins , mentoring notable fashion designers including Stella McCartney and Hussein Chalayan . An influential designer in her own right in the 1970s and '80s with the Wendy Dagworthy label , and one of the founders of London Fashion Week , she was described by the Daily Telegraph as : `` the high priestess of British fashion '' . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Times_Higher_Education_World_University_Rankings", "THE–QS_World_University_Rankings,_2006", "University_Compare", "Improving_Schools", "Critique_-LRB-journal-RRB-" ]

[ "Times Higher Education World University Rankings is an annual publication of university rankings by Times Higher Education -LRB- THE -RRB- magazine . The publisher had collaborated with Quacquarelli Symonds -LRB- QS -RRB- to publish the joint THE -- QS World University Rankings from 2004 to 2009 before it turned to Thomson Reuters for a new ranking system . The publication now comprises the world 's overall , subject , and reputation rankings , alongside three regional league tables , Asia , Latin America , and BRICS & Emerging Economies which are generated by consistent methodology . It is considered as one of the most widely observed university measures together with Academic Ranking of World Universities and QS World University Rankings . It is praised for having a new improved methodology but undermining non-English-instructing institutions and being commercialized are the major criticisms . ", "This is the 2006 THE -- QS World University Rankings list of the top 200 universities in the world . ", "University Compare , founded in June 2012 , is a site made for students by students to help the 1.45 million students that enter higher education through Universities and Colleges Admissions Service -LRB- UCAS -RRB- each year . ", "Improving Schools is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal that covers the field of education . The journal 's editor-in-chief is Terry Wrigley -LRB- University of Edinburgh -RRB- . It was established in 1998 and is currently published by SAGE Publications . ", "Critique : A Worldwide Student Journal of Politics is an online , peer-reviewed academic journal on political science published by Illinois State University 's Department of Politics and Government . The journal publishes scholarly papers written by undergraduate and graduate students worldwide . It releases a spring and fall edition each year . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Jonah_Hill", "Tim_Hill_-LRB-director-RRB-", "22_Jump_Street", "Clueless_-LRB-film-RRB-", "21_Jump_Street_-LRB-film-RRB-" ]

[ "Jonah Hill Feldstein -LRB- born December 20 , 1983 -RRB- , better known as Jonah Hill , is an American actor , producer , screenwriter and comedian . Hill is known for his comedic roles in films such as Accepted -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Grandma 's Boy -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Superbad -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Knocked Up -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Forgetting Sarah Marshall -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , Get Him to the Greek -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , 21 Jump Street -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , This Is the End -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , 22 Jump Street -LRB- 2014 -RRB- and War Dogs -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , as well as his performances in Moneyball -LRB- 2011 -RRB- and The Wolf of Wall Street -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , for which he received Academy Award nominations for Best Supporting Actor . Hill ranked 28th on Forbes magazine 's ranking of world 's highest paid actors from June 2014 to June 2015 , bringing in $ 16million . As a screenwriter , he contributed to the stories of 21 Jump Street , 22 Jump Street and Sausage Party -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , all of which he also starred in . ", "Timothy `` Tim '' Hill is an American film director and screenwriter . ", "22 Jump Street is a 2014 American action comedy film directed by Phil Lord and Christopher Miller , written by Jonah Hill , Michael Bacall , Oren Uziel and Rodney Rothman and produced by and starring Hill and Channing Tatum . It is the sequel to the 2012 film 21 Jump Street , based on the television series of the same name . The film was released on June 13 , 2014 , by Columbia Pictures and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer . The film received positive reviews and earned over $ 331 million at the box office . A crossover with Men in Black , MIB 23 , is in development , with Lord and Miller acting as producers , and James Bobin acting as the director . The crossover will replace a 23 Jump Street film . ", "Clueless is a 1995 American coming-of-age comedy film written and directed by Amy Heckerling . It stars Alicia Silverstone , Stacey Dash , Paul Rudd and Brittany Murphy , and was produced by Scott Rudin and Robert Lawrence . It is loosely based on Jane Austen 's 1815 novel Emma , updating the setting to modern Beverly Hills . Elements of the plot were also originally drawn from Shakespeare 's Titus Andronicus , but were later omitted due to lack of continuity . The film grossed $ 56 million in the United States , received generally positive reviews from critics , and has developed a cult following . The film was followed by a spin-off television sitcom and series of books . ", "21 Jump Street is a 2012 American action comedy film directed by Phil Lord and Christopher Miller , written by Michael Bacall starring Jonah Hill and Channing Tatum . An adaptation of the 1987-1991 television series of the same name by Stephen J. Cannell and Patrick Hasburgh , set within the same continuity as the TV series ; the film follows two police officers who are forced to relive high school when they are assigned to go undercover as high school students to prevent the outbreak of a new synthetic drug and arrest its supplier . It was released theatrically on March 16 , 2012 , by Columbia Pictures and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and grossed $ 201 million . A sequel , titled 22 Jump Street , was released on June 13 , 2014 . Two further films , MIB 23 -LRB- a crossover with the Men in Black franchise -RRB- and a female-led spin-off , are currently in development . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 2 ]

[ "Player-coach", "Peter_Horachek", "Mark_Howell_-LRB-ice_hockey-RRB-", "Aleksandar_Knjazev", "Jürgen_Klinsmann" ]

[ "A player-coach -LRB- also playing coach , captain-coach , or player-manager -RRB- is a member of a sports team who simultaneously holds both playing and coaching duties . A player-coach may be a head coach or an assistant coach . They may make changes to the squad and also play on the team . Very few current major professional sports teams have head coaches who are also players , though it is extremely common for senior players to take a role in managing more junior athletes . Historically , when professional sports had much less money to pay players and coaches or managers , it was much more common to find them . Likewise , where player-coaches exist today , they are more common at the lower levels where money is less available , but not exclusively . ", "Peter Horachek -LRB- born January 26 , 1960 -RRB- is currently a pro scout with the New Jersey Devils organization of the National Hockey League . Horachek was previously the interim head coach of the Florida Panthers and the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League -LRB- NHL -RRB- . Horachek played junior hockey with the Oshawa Generals . Although he was not selected in the NHL Draft , he signed a minor league contract with the Rochester Americans and had a long career in the American Hockey League and the International Hockey League . He later played with the Flint Generals , where he scored a career high 86 points in 1984 , and with the Flint Spirits . He began his coaching career when he was promoted to serve as an assistant during his final campaign with the Spirits . Horachek started the 2013 -- 14 season as head coach of the San Antonio Rampage , the Panthers top minor league affiliate . On November 8 , 2013 , Horachek was named the NHL Panthers interim head coach , replacing former HC Kevin Dineen . On April 29 , 2014 , Florida Panthers general manager Dale Tallon announced the team had fired Peter Horachek , who would not remain with the organization . Horachek was appointed as an assistant coach of the Toronto Maple Leafs on July 11 , 2014 and named Interim Head Coach of the Leafs on January 7 , 2015 after Randy Carlyle was fired . On January 9 , 2015 he was named head coach of the Toronto Maple Leafs for the rest of the 2014-15 season . He posted a 9 -- 28 -- 5 record in 42 games with the Leafs , who struggled throughout the second half of the season , which resulted in a 15th-place finish in the Eastern Conference . Horachek was relieved of his duties on April 12 , 2015 , one day after the 2014-15 regular season ended , along with General Manager Dave Nonis , assistant coaches Steve Spott and Chris Denis , and goaltending coach Rick St. Croix . ", "Mark Howell is the current head coach of the Calgary Dinos men 's ice hockey that represents the University of Calgary in the Canadian Interuniversity Sport -LRB- CIS -RRB- . Howell was named the CIS Coach of the Year for the 2010-11 season . ", "Aleksandar Knjazev is a Macedonian professional basketball coach . His son Gjorgji Knјazev was also a basketball player . ", "Jürgen Klinsmann -LRB- -LSB- ˈjʏʁɡŋ̩ ˈkliːnsˌman -RSB- , born 30 July 1964 -RRB- is a German football manager and former player who was most recently the head coach of the United States men 's national soccer team . As a player , Klinsmann played for several prominent clubs in Europe and was part of the West German team that won the 1990 FIFA World Cup and the unified German team that won the 1996 UEFA European Championship . One of Germany 's premier strikers during the 1990s , he scored in all six major international tournaments he participated in , from Euro 1988 to 1998 World Cup . In 1995 , he came in third in the FIFA World Player of the Year award ; in 2004 he was named in the FIFA 100 list of the `` 125 Greatest Living Footballers '' . Klinsmann managed the German national team to a third-place finish in the 2006 World Cup . On 12 July 2006 , he officially announced that he would step down as Germany 's coach after two years in charge and be replaced by assistant coach Joachim Löw . He took over as coach of Bundesliga club Bayern Munich in July 2008 when Ottmar Hitzfeld stepped down . On 27 April 2009 , he was released early , even though he had won five of the previous seven league games and was only three points behind league leader VfL Wolfsburg . In the jointly initiated reforms at Bayern , it emerged there was a severe clash of opinions between coach and club management . On 29 July 2011 , the U.S. Soccer Federation named Klinsmann the coach of the United States men 's national team . In 2013 he won the CONCACAF Gold Cup with the United States and was named CONCACAF Coach of the Year 2013 . He led the United States team to the last 16 of the World Cup in Brazil in 2014 . On 3 November 2016 , he became the fourth male and sixth person to become the German national football team squad 's honorary captain . On 21 November 2016 , Klinsmann was fired as head coach of the United States men 's national soccer team , after losses to Mexico and Costa Rica in World Cup qualification . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Donna_Noble", "Tenth_Doctor", "Donna_Redel", "The_End_of_Time_-LRB-Doctor_Who-RRB-", "The_Runaway_Bride_-LRB-Doctor_Who-RRB-" ]

[ "Donna Noble is a fictional character in the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who . Portrayed by British actress and comedian Catherine Tate , she is a companion of the Tenth Doctor -LRB- David Tennant -RRB- . Originally appearing in the closing scene of the show 's 2006 series and as a special guest star in its following Christmas special , `` The Runaway Bride '' , Tate was not expected to reprise her role as Donna ; for series 3 -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , the Doctor travelled alongside medical student Martha Jones -LRB- Freema Agyeman -RRB- . However , Tate expressed interest in returning to the role , and she returned as Donna for the duration of the series 4 -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , and in a subsequent 2009-10 Christmas and New Year 's special . Within the series ' narrative , Donna begins as an outspoken Londoner in her mid-30s , a temp worker from Chiswick whose view of the universe is small in scope . Although she at first finds alien time traveller the Doctor terrifying , their initial encounter leaves her unsatisfied with her normal life and she decides to travel alongside him when the next opportunity arises . Donna becomes an asset to the Doctor on his adventures and it is she who ultimately saves the universe in the series 4 finale , although tragically at the cost of the memories of her travels with the Doctor . In a contrast to the Tenth Doctor 's prior companions , who both harboured romantic feelings for him , Donna and the Doctor shared a strictly friendly relationship ; and she did not feel the need to prove herself to be allowed to travel with the Doctor , who refers to her as his `` best mate '' . ", "The Tenth Doctor is an incarnation of the Doctor , the protagonist of the BBC science fiction television programme Doctor Who , who is played by David Tennant in three series as well as nine specials . As with previous incarnations of the Doctor , the character has also appeared in other Doctor Who spin-offs . In the programme 's narrative , the Doctor is a centuries-old Time Lord alien from the planet Gallifrey who travels in time in his TARDIS , frequently with companions . When the Doctor is critically injured beyond medical repair , he can regenerate his body ; in doing so , his physical appearance and personality change , and a new actor assumes the role . Tennant 's portrayal of the Doctor is of an outwardly charismatic and charming adventurer whose likable and easygoing attitude can quickly turn to righteous fury when provoked . This incarnation 's companions include working class shop assistant Rose Tyler -LRB- Billie Piper -RRB- , medical student Martha Jones -LRB- Freema Agyeman -RRB- , and fiery temp worker Donna Noble -LRB- Catherine Tate -RRB- . He eventually parts ways with them all by the end of the 2008 series finale , `` Journey 's End '' , after which he attempts to travel alone for the duration of the 2008 -- 2010 specials before being accompanied by Donna Noble 's grandfather Wilfred Mott on his final adventure in The End of Time . In November 2013 , Tennant 's Doctor was voted `` The UK 's favourite Doctor '' in a survey held by the Radio Times magazine . ", "Donna Redel is an American businesswoman and philanthropist . ", "The End of Time is a two-part story from the British science fiction television programme Doctor Who . It was originally broadcast on BBC One in the United Kingdom on 25 December 2009 and 1 January 2010 , and is the fifth Doctor Who Christmas special . This is the last story for lead actor David Tennant , who hands over the role of alien time traveller the Doctor to Matt Smith . It is also the last Doctor Who story written and produced by Russell T Davies , who shepherded the series ' return to British television in 2005 and served as the series ' executive producer and chief writer . Davies was succeeded as executive producer and showrunner by Steven Moffat . Bernard Cribbins , who appeared in the story `` Voyage of the Damned '' and throughout Series 4 as Wilfred Mott , grandfather of Donna Noble , acts as the companion to the Doctor in this two-part story . The special also features the return of many other actors to the show , including Catherine Tate , John Simm , Jacqueline King , Alexandra Moen , Billie Piper , Camille Coduri , Freema Agyeman , Noel Clarke , John Barrowman , Elisabeth Sladen , Tommy Knight , Jessica Hynes and Russell Tovey . The story features the Tenth Doctor -LRB- Tennant -RRB- , who has been running from a prophecy of his impending demise , as he is drawn into a scheme by his old nemesis , the Master -LRB- Simm -RRB- . The Master brings the human race under his control as part of an elaborate plan to restore the world of his and the Doctor 's own people , the Time Lords , from their demise in the Time War referred to in the series . The Doctor is able to avert this , but incurs fatal injuries . In the episode 's conclusion , as has happened before , the Doctor regenerates and becomes a new man -- with a new personality and physical traits -- setting up the show 's following series with Matt Smith as the star and Steven Moffat as executive producer . ", "`` The Runaway Bride '' is a special episode of the long-running British science fiction television programme Doctor Who , starring David Tennant as the Tenth Doctor . It was produced as the Doctor Who Christmas special for 2006 , broadcast on 25 December , the second Christmas special after the previous `` The Christmas Invasion '' which introduced the third series while not actually being part of it . It features Catherine Tate as Donna , who appeared in the TARDIS at the end of the previous episode , `` Doomsday '' . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Donna_Noble", "Tenth_Doctor", "Donna_Redel", "The_End_of_Time_-LRB-Doctor_Who-RRB-", "The_Runaway_Bride_-LRB-Doctor_Who-RRB-" ]

[ "Donna Noble is a fictional character in the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who . Portrayed by British actress and comedian Catherine Tate , she is a companion of the Tenth Doctor -LRB- David Tennant -RRB- . Originally appearing in the closing scene of the show 's 2006 series and as a special guest star in its following Christmas special , `` The Runaway Bride '' , Tate was not expected to reprise her role as Donna ; for series 3 -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , the Doctor travelled alongside medical student Martha Jones -LRB- Freema Agyeman -RRB- . However , Tate expressed interest in returning to the role , and she returned as Donna for the duration of the series 4 -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , and in a subsequent 2009-10 Christmas and New Year 's special . Within the series ' narrative , Donna begins as an outspoken Londoner in her mid-30s , a temp worker from Chiswick whose view of the universe is small in scope . Although she at first finds alien time traveller the Doctor terrifying , their initial encounter leaves her unsatisfied with her normal life and she decides to travel alongside him when the next opportunity arises . Donna becomes an asset to the Doctor on his adventures and it is she who ultimately saves the universe in the series 4 finale , although tragically at the cost of the memories of her travels with the Doctor . In a contrast to the Tenth Doctor 's prior companions , who both harboured romantic feelings for him , Donna and the Doctor shared a strictly friendly relationship ; and she did not feel the need to prove herself to be allowed to travel with the Doctor , who refers to her as his `` best mate '' . ", "The Tenth Doctor is an incarnation of the Doctor , the protagonist of the BBC science fiction television programme Doctor Who , who is played by David Tennant in three series as well as nine specials . As with previous incarnations of the Doctor , the character has also appeared in other Doctor Who spin-offs . In the programme 's narrative , the Doctor is a centuries-old Time Lord alien from the planet Gallifrey who travels in time in his TARDIS , frequently with companions . When the Doctor is critically injured beyond medical repair , he can regenerate his body ; in doing so , his physical appearance and personality change , and a new actor assumes the role . Tennant 's portrayal of the Doctor is of an outwardly charismatic and charming adventurer whose likable and easygoing attitude can quickly turn to righteous fury when provoked . This incarnation 's companions include working class shop assistant Rose Tyler -LRB- Billie Piper -RRB- , medical student Martha Jones -LRB- Freema Agyeman -RRB- , and fiery temp worker Donna Noble -LRB- Catherine Tate -RRB- . He eventually parts ways with them all by the end of the 2008 series finale , `` Journey 's End '' , after which he attempts to travel alone for the duration of the 2008 -- 2010 specials before being accompanied by Donna Noble 's grandfather Wilfred Mott on his final adventure in The End of Time . In November 2013 , Tennant 's Doctor was voted `` The UK 's favourite Doctor '' in a survey held by the Radio Times magazine . ", "Donna Redel is an American businesswoman and philanthropist . ", "The End of Time is a two-part story from the British science fiction television programme Doctor Who . It was originally broadcast on BBC One in the United Kingdom on 25 December 2009 and 1 January 2010 , and is the fifth Doctor Who Christmas special . This is the last story for lead actor David Tennant , who hands over the role of alien time traveller the Doctor to Matt Smith . It is also the last Doctor Who story written and produced by Russell T Davies , who shepherded the series ' return to British television in 2005 and served as the series ' executive producer and chief writer . Davies was succeeded as executive producer and showrunner by Steven Moffat . Bernard Cribbins , who appeared in the story `` Voyage of the Damned '' and throughout Series 4 as Wilfred Mott , grandfather of Donna Noble , acts as the companion to the Doctor in this two-part story . The special also features the return of many other actors to the show , including Catherine Tate , John Simm , Jacqueline King , Alexandra Moen , Billie Piper , Camille Coduri , Freema Agyeman , Noel Clarke , John Barrowman , Elisabeth Sladen , Tommy Knight , Jessica Hynes and Russell Tovey . The story features the Tenth Doctor -LRB- Tennant -RRB- , who has been running from a prophecy of his impending demise , as he is drawn into a scheme by his old nemesis , the Master -LRB- Simm -RRB- . The Master brings the human race under his control as part of an elaborate plan to restore the world of his and the Doctor 's own people , the Time Lords , from their demise in the Time War referred to in the series . The Doctor is able to avert this , but incurs fatal injuries . In the episode 's conclusion , as has happened before , the Doctor regenerates and becomes a new man -- with a new personality and physical traits -- setting up the show 's following series with Matt Smith as the star and Steven Moffat as executive producer . ", "`` The Runaway Bride '' is a special episode of the long-running British science fiction television programme Doctor Who , starring David Tennant as the Tenth Doctor . It was produced as the Doctor Who Christmas special for 2006 , broadcast on 25 December , the second Christmas special after the previous `` The Christmas Invasion '' which introduced the third series while not actually being part of it . It features Catherine Tate as Donna , who appeared in the TARDIS at the end of the previous episode , `` Doomsday '' . " ]

[ 2, 2, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Heath_Ledger", "The_Dark_Knight_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Brokeback_Mountain", "Luke_Wins_Ye_Ladye_Faire", "Lonesome_Luke,_Social_Gangster" ]

[ "Heathcliff Andrew Ledger -LRB- 4 April 197922 January 2008 -RRB- was an Australian actor and director . After performing roles in several Australian television and film productions during the 1990s , Ledger left for the United States in 1998 to develop his film career . His work comprised nineteen films , including 10 Things I Hate About You -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , The Patriot -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , A Knight 's Tale -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Monster 's Ball -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Lords of Dogtown -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , Brokeback Mountain -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , The Dark Knight -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , and The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , the latter two being posthumous releases . He also produced and directed music videos and aspired to be a film director . For his portrayal of Ennis Del Mar in Brokeback Mountain , Ledger won the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor and Best International Actor from the Australian Film Institute , and was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role and for the Academy Award for Best Actor . Posthumously he shared the 2007 Independent Spirit Robert Altman Award with the rest of the ensemble cast , the director , and the casting director for the film I 'm Not There , which was inspired by the life and songs of American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan . In the film , Ledger portrayed a fictional actor named Robbie Clark , one of six characters embodying aspects of Dylan 's life and persona . Ledger died on 22 January 2008 from an accidental intoxication from prescription drugs . A few months before his death , Ledger had finished filming his performance as the Joker in The Dark Knight . His death occurred during editing of The Dark Knight and in the midst of filming his last role as Tony in The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus . His untimely death cast a shadow over the subsequent promotion of the $ 185 million Batman production . Ledger received numerous posthumous accolades for his critically acclaimed performance in the film , including the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor , a Best Actor International Award at the 2008 Australian Film Institute Awards -LRB- for which he became the first actor to win an award posthumously -RRB- , the 2008 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor , the 2009 Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture , and the 2009 BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor . ", "The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed , co-produced , and co-written by Christopher Nolan . Featuring the DC Comics character Batman , the film is the second part of Nolan 's The Dark Knight Trilogy and a sequel to 2005 's Batman Begins , starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale , Michael Caine , Heath Ledger , Gary Oldman , Aaron Eckhart , Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman . In the film , Bruce Wayne/Batman -LRB- Bale -RRB- , James Gordon -LRB- Oldman -RRB- and Harvey Dent -LRB- Eckhart -RRB- form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City , but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker -LRB- Ledger -RRB- who seeks to undermine Batman 's influence and create chaos . Nolan 's inspiration for the film was the Joker 's comic book debut in 1940 , the 1988 graphic novel The Killing Joke , and the 1996 series The Long Halloween , which retold Two-Face 's origin . The nickname `` the Dark Knight '' was first applied to Batman in Batman # 1 -LRB- 1940 -RRB- , in a story written by Bill Finger . The Dark Knight was filmed primarily in Chicago , as well as in several other locations in the United States , the United Kingdom , and Hong Kong . Nolan used IMAX 70 mm film cameras to film some sequences , including the Joker 's first appearance in the film . The film is dedicated to the memory of Ledger , who died on January 22 , 2008 , some months after the completed filming and six months before the film 's release , from a toxic combination of prescription drugs , leading to intense attention from the press and movie-going public . Warner Bros. initially created a viral marketing campaign for The Dark Knight , developing promotional websites and trailers highlighting screenshots of Ledger as the Joker . A co-production of the United States and the United Kingdom , The Dark Knight was released on July 16 , 2008 in Australia , on July 18 , 2008 , in North America , and on July 25 , 2008 , in the United Kingdom . Considered by film critics to be one of the best films of the 2000s and one of the best superhero films ever , the film received highly positive reviews and set numerous records during its theatrical run . The Dark Knight appeared on more critics ' top ten lists -LRB- 287 -RRB- than any other film of 2008 with the exception of WALL-E , and more critics -LRB- 77 -RRB- named The Dark Knight the best film of 2008 than any other film released that year . With over $ 1 billion in revenue worldwide , it is the 29th-highest-grossing film of all time , unadjusted for inflation . The film received eight Academy Award nominations ; it won the award for Best Sound Editing and Ledger was posthumously awarded Best Supporting Actor . The Dark Knight Rises , the final film in the trilogy , was released on July 20 , 2012 . ", "Brokeback Mountain is a 2005 American neo-western romantic drama film directed by Ang Lee and produced by Diana Ossana and James Schamus . Adapted from the 1997 short story of the same name by Annie Proulx , the screenplay was written by Ossana and Larry McMurtry . The film stars Heath Ledger , Jake Gyllenhaal , Anne Hathaway , and Michelle Williams , and depicts the complex emotional and homosexual relationship between Ennis Del Mar and Jack Twist in the American West from 1963 to 1983 . The film received critical acclaim and commercial success . It won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival , Best Picture and Best Director at the British Academy Film Awards , Golden Globe Awards , Producers Guild of America Awards , Critics ' Choice Movie Awards , and Independent Spirit Awards , among others . The film was nominated for eight Academy Awards , the most nominations at the 78th Academy Awards , where it won three : Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay , and Best Original Score , while losing Best Picture to Crash . ", "Luke Wins Ye Ladye Faire is a 1917 short comedy film starring Harold Lloyd . ", "Lonesome Luke , Social Gangster is a 1915 American short comedy film featuring Harold Lloyd . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Heath_Ledger", "The_Dark_Knight_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Brokeback_Mountain", "Luke_Wins_Ye_Ladye_Faire", "Lonesome_Luke,_Social_Gangster" ]

[ "Heathcliff Andrew Ledger -LRB- 4 April 197922 January 2008 -RRB- was an Australian actor and director . After performing roles in several Australian television and film productions during the 1990s , Ledger left for the United States in 1998 to develop his film career . His work comprised nineteen films , including 10 Things I Hate About You -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , The Patriot -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , A Knight 's Tale -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Monster 's Ball -LRB- 2001 -RRB- , Lords of Dogtown -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , Brokeback Mountain -LRB- 2005 -RRB- , The Dark Knight -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , and The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , the latter two being posthumous releases . He also produced and directed music videos and aspired to be a film director . For his portrayal of Ennis Del Mar in Brokeback Mountain , Ledger won the New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actor and Best International Actor from the Australian Film Institute , and was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role and for the Academy Award for Best Actor . Posthumously he shared the 2007 Independent Spirit Robert Altman Award with the rest of the ensemble cast , the director , and the casting director for the film I 'm Not There , which was inspired by the life and songs of American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan . In the film , Ledger portrayed a fictional actor named Robbie Clark , one of six characters embodying aspects of Dylan 's life and persona . Ledger died on 22 January 2008 from an accidental intoxication from prescription drugs . A few months before his death , Ledger had finished filming his performance as the Joker in The Dark Knight . His death occurred during editing of The Dark Knight and in the midst of filming his last role as Tony in The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus . His untimely death cast a shadow over the subsequent promotion of the $ 185 million Batman production . Ledger received numerous posthumous accolades for his critically acclaimed performance in the film , including the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor , a Best Actor International Award at the 2008 Australian Film Institute Awards -LRB- for which he became the first actor to win an award posthumously -RRB- , the 2008 Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actor , the 2009 Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture , and the 2009 BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor . ", "The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed , co-produced , and co-written by Christopher Nolan . Featuring the DC Comics character Batman , the film is the second part of Nolan 's The Dark Knight Trilogy and a sequel to 2005 's Batman Begins , starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale , Michael Caine , Heath Ledger , Gary Oldman , Aaron Eckhart , Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman . In the film , Bruce Wayne/Batman -LRB- Bale -RRB- , James Gordon -LRB- Oldman -RRB- and Harvey Dent -LRB- Eckhart -RRB- form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City , but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker -LRB- Ledger -RRB- who seeks to undermine Batman 's influence and create chaos . Nolan 's inspiration for the film was the Joker 's comic book debut in 1940 , the 1988 graphic novel The Killing Joke , and the 1996 series The Long Halloween , which retold Two-Face 's origin . The nickname `` the Dark Knight '' was first applied to Batman in Batman # 1 -LRB- 1940 -RRB- , in a story written by Bill Finger . The Dark Knight was filmed primarily in Chicago , as well as in several other locations in the United States , the United Kingdom , and Hong Kong . Nolan used IMAX 70 mm film cameras to film some sequences , including the Joker 's first appearance in the film . The film is dedicated to the memory of Ledger , who died on January 22 , 2008 , some months after the completed filming and six months before the film 's release , from a toxic combination of prescription drugs , leading to intense attention from the press and movie-going public . Warner Bros. initially created a viral marketing campaign for The Dark Knight , developing promotional websites and trailers highlighting screenshots of Ledger as the Joker . A co-production of the United States and the United Kingdom , The Dark Knight was released on July 16 , 2008 in Australia , on July 18 , 2008 , in North America , and on July 25 , 2008 , in the United Kingdom . Considered by film critics to be one of the best films of the 2000s and one of the best superhero films ever , the film received highly positive reviews and set numerous records during its theatrical run . The Dark Knight appeared on more critics ' top ten lists -LRB- 287 -RRB- than any other film of 2008 with the exception of WALL-E , and more critics -LRB- 77 -RRB- named The Dark Knight the best film of 2008 than any other film released that year . With over $ 1 billion in revenue worldwide , it is the 29th-highest-grossing film of all time , unadjusted for inflation . The film received eight Academy Award nominations ; it won the award for Best Sound Editing and Ledger was posthumously awarded Best Supporting Actor . The Dark Knight Rises , the final film in the trilogy , was released on July 20 , 2012 . ", "Brokeback Mountain is a 2005 American neo-western romantic drama film directed by Ang Lee and produced by Diana Ossana and James Schamus . Adapted from the 1997 short story of the same name by Annie Proulx , the screenplay was written by Ossana and Larry McMurtry . The film stars Heath Ledger , Jake Gyllenhaal , Anne Hathaway , and Michelle Williams , and depicts the complex emotional and homosexual relationship between Ennis Del Mar and Jack Twist in the American West from 1963 to 1983 . The film received critical acclaim and commercial success . It won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival , Best Picture and Best Director at the British Academy Film Awards , Golden Globe Awards , Producers Guild of America Awards , Critics ' Choice Movie Awards , and Independent Spirit Awards , among others . The film was nominated for eight Academy Awards , the most nominations at the 78th Academy Awards , where it won three : Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay , and Best Original Score , while losing Best Picture to Crash . ", "Luke Wins Ye Ladye Faire is a 1917 short comedy film starring Harold Lloyd . ", "Lonesome Luke , Social Gangster is a 1915 American short comedy film featuring Harold Lloyd . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Baadshah_-LRB-2013_film-RRB-", "Barsaat_Ki_Raat", "Bhojpuri_region", "Mahla_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Mafia_Raaj" ]

[ "For disambiguation , See Baadshah Baadshah -LRB- Emperor -RRB- is a 2013 Telugu action thriller film directed by Sreenu Vaitla . The film was produced by Bandla Ganesh under his Parameswara Art Productions banner . It stars Jr. . NTR and Kajal Aggarwal in the lead roles and is their second film together after Brindavanam . The soundtrack was composed by S. Thaman and this is his second collaboration with Sreenu Vaitla . Cinematography was handled by Jayanan Vincent , R D Rajasekhar and K V Guhan . The film was released worldwide on 5 April 2013 , receiving positive reviews from critics and recorded as Super Hit at the box-office . and was premiered at the Osaka Asian Film Festival 2014 held in Japan . The film was also dubbed into Hindi under the title Rowdy Baadshah by Goldmines TeleFilms . Baadshah released in 1550 Screens worldwide with 1200 Prints . Later , this movie was dubbed into Malayalam , Japanese , and Korean under the same name . ", "Barsaat Ki Raat -LRB- बरसात की रात Translated : ' A Rainy Night ' -RRB- is a 1960 Bollywood film starring Bharat Bhushan , Madhubala , Shyama , Mumtaz Begum and K.N. Singh . It was directed by P. L. Santoshi . This film was released in black-and-white . It became particularly popular for its qawwali songs and was one of the biggest hits at the box-office in 1960 . This is music director Roshan 's first big success ; almost all the film songs became hits . Barsaat Ki Raat was also one of the last films to star celebrated actress Madhubala . ", "The Bhojpuri region is an area encompassing parts of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh in northern India and the Bara and Parsa districts of Nepal where Bhojpuri language is spoken as a mother tongue language . Ujjainiya Rajputs of the former Shahabad district of ancient Bihar established their headquarters in the town of Arrah , Bhojpur district from where the whole region received its name . Bhojpuri is also spoken in Pakistan , Bangladesh , Trinidad and Tobago , Guyana , Suriname , Jamaica , the Caribbean , Fiji , Mauritius , and South Africa . It is one of the national languages of Nepal and is recognized in Trinidad and Tobago , Guyana , Mauritius , and Suriname . It is an official language of Fiji . The variant of Bhojpuri of the Indo-Caribbeans in the Caribbean -LRB- Trinidad and Tobago , Guyana , Jamaica , Suriname , and other parts of the Caribbean -RRB- is referred to as Caribbean Hindustani . In Mauritius a dialect of Bhojpuri remains in use , and it is locally called Bojpury . In Fiji the variant of Bhojpuri is Fiji Hindi . There is also a variant of Bhojpuri that is also spoke in South Africa . ", "Mahla is a 2009 film . ", "Maafia Raaj is a 1998 Hindi-language Indian feature film directed by Yeshwantt , starring Mithun Chakraborty , Ayesha Jhulka , Shakti Kapoor and Sadashiv Amrapurkar " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Baadshah_-LRB-2013_film-RRB-", "Barsaat_Ki_Raat", "Bhojpuri_region", "Mahla_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Mafia_Raaj" ]

[ "For disambiguation , See Baadshah Baadshah -LRB- Emperor -RRB- is a 2013 Telugu action thriller film directed by Sreenu Vaitla . The film was produced by Bandla Ganesh under his Parameswara Art Productions banner . It stars Jr. . NTR and Kajal Aggarwal in the lead roles and is their second film together after Brindavanam . The soundtrack was composed by S. Thaman and this is his second collaboration with Sreenu Vaitla . Cinematography was handled by Jayanan Vincent , R D Rajasekhar and K V Guhan . The film was released worldwide on 5 April 2013 , receiving positive reviews from critics and recorded as Super Hit at the box-office . and was premiered at the Osaka Asian Film Festival 2014 held in Japan . The film was also dubbed into Hindi under the title Rowdy Baadshah by Goldmines TeleFilms . Baadshah released in 1550 Screens worldwide with 1200 Prints . Later , this movie was dubbed into Malayalam , Japanese , and Korean under the same name . ", "Barsaat Ki Raat -LRB- बरसात की रात Translated : ' A Rainy Night ' -RRB- is a 1960 Bollywood film starring Bharat Bhushan , Madhubala , Shyama , Mumtaz Begum and K.N. Singh . It was directed by P. L. Santoshi . This film was released in black-and-white . It became particularly popular for its qawwali songs and was one of the biggest hits at the box-office in 1960 . This is music director Roshan 's first big success ; almost all the film songs became hits . Barsaat Ki Raat was also one of the last films to star celebrated actress Madhubala . ", "The Bhojpuri region is an area encompassing parts of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh in northern India and the Bara and Parsa districts of Nepal where Bhojpuri language is spoken as a mother tongue language . Ujjainiya Rajputs of the former Shahabad district of ancient Bihar established their headquarters in the town of Arrah , Bhojpur district from where the whole region received its name . Bhojpuri is also spoken in Pakistan , Bangladesh , Trinidad and Tobago , Guyana , Suriname , Jamaica , the Caribbean , Fiji , Mauritius , and South Africa . It is one of the national languages of Nepal and is recognized in Trinidad and Tobago , Guyana , Mauritius , and Suriname . It is an official language of Fiji . The variant of Bhojpuri of the Indo-Caribbeans in the Caribbean -LRB- Trinidad and Tobago , Guyana , Jamaica , Suriname , and other parts of the Caribbean -RRB- is referred to as Caribbean Hindustani . In Mauritius a dialect of Bhojpuri remains in use , and it is locally called Bojpury . In Fiji the variant of Bhojpuri is Fiji Hindi . There is also a variant of Bhojpuri that is also spoke in South Africa . ", "Mahla is a 2009 film . ", "Maafia Raaj is a 1998 Hindi-language Indian feature film directed by Yeshwantt , starring Mithun Chakraborty , Ayesha Jhulka , Shakti Kapoor and Sadashiv Amrapurkar " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Early_life_of_George_W._Bush", "Barbara_Bush", "George_W._Bush", "Jeb_Bush", "Ronald_H._Griffith" ]

[ "George W. Bush , the oldest child in a family of six children was born in the city of New Haven , Connecticut , grew up in the Texan cities of Midland and Houston . He studied at Yale University and the Harvard Business School before serving in the Texas Air National Guard . Bush would later be part owner and managing partner of the Texas Rangers baseball franchise , become governor of Texas and eventually become the 43rd President of the United States . ", "Barbara Bush -LRB- née Pierce ; born June 8 , 1925 -RRB- is the wife of George H. W. Bush , the 41st President of the United States , and served as First Lady of the United States from 1989 to 1993 . She is the mother of George W. Bush , the 43rd President , and Jeb Bush , the 43rd Governor of Florida . She served as the Second Lady of the United States from 1981 to 1989 . Barbara Pierce was born in Flushing , New York . She attended Milton Public School from 1931 to 1937 , and Rye Country Day School from 1937-1940 . She graduated from Ashley Hall School in Charleston , South Carolina . She met George Herbert Walker Bush at age 16 , and the two married in Rye , New York in 1945 , while he was on leave during his deployment as a Naval officer in World War II . While George was attending Yale University at age 22 , Barbara and George were living in New Haven , Connecticut and had their first son , George Walker Bush , on July 6 , 1946 . -LRB- Thus , her first son , the eventual 43rd President of the United States , was the first Connecticut native to assume that office . George W. would eventually return to his hometown of New Haven in 1964 to attend Yale like his father did . -RRB- They had six children together . The Bush family soon moved to Midland , Texas , where their second son , Jeb was born in , on February 11 , 1953 ; as George Bush entered political life , she raised their children . While First Lady of the United States , Barbara Bush worked to advance the cause of universal literacy , and founded the Barbara Bush Foundation for Family Literacy . ", "George Walker Bush -LRB- born July 6 , 1946 -RRB- is an American politician who served as the 43rd President of the United States from 2001 to 2009 . He was also the 46th Governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000 . After graduating from Yale University in 1968 and Harvard Business School in 1975 , he worked in the oil industry . Bush married Laura Welch in 1977 and ran unsuccessfully for the House of Representatives shortly thereafter . He later co-owned the Texas Rangers baseball team before defeating Ann Richards in the 1994 Texas gubernatorial election . Bush was elected president in 2000 after a close and controversial win over Democratic rival Al Gore , becoming the fourth president to be elected while receiving fewer popular votes than his opponent . From a prominent political family , he is the eldest son of Barbara and George H. W. Bush , the 41st President of the United States , making him only the second president to assume the nation 's highest office after his father , following the lead of John Quincy Adams . His brother , Jeb Bush , a former Governor of Florida , was a candidate for the Republican presidential nomination in the 2016 presidential election . His paternal grandfather , Prescott Bush , was a United States Senator from Connecticut . The September 11 terrorist attacks occurred eight months into Bush 's first term as president . Bush responded with what became known as the Bush Doctrine : launching a `` War on Terror '' , an international military campaign that included the war in Afghanistan in 2001 and the Iraq War in 2003 . He also promoted policies on the economy , health care , education , Social Security reform , and amending the Constitution to prohibit same-sex marriage . He signed into law broad tax cuts , the Patriot Act , the No Child Left Behind Act , the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act , Medicare prescription drug benefits for seniors , and funding for the AIDS relief program known as PEPFAR . His tenure included national debates on immigration , Social Security , electronic surveillance , and torture . In the 2004 Presidential race , Bush defeated Democratic Senator John Kerry in another relatively close election . After his re-election , Bush received increasingly heated criticism from across the political spectrum for his handling of the Iraq War , Hurricane Katrina , and other challenges . Amid this criticism , the Democratic Party regained control of Congress in the 2006 elections . In December 2007 , the United States entered its longest post-World War II recession , often referred to as the `` Great Recession '' , prompting the Bush administration to obtain congressional passage of multiple economic programs intended to preserve the country 's financial system . Nationally , Bush was both one of the most popular and unpopular presidents in history , having received the highest recorded presidential approval ratings in the wake of the September 11 attacks , as well as one of the lowest approval ratings during the 2008 financial crisis . Bush left office in 2009 , returning to Texas where he purchased a home in Crawford . He wrote a memoir , Decision Points . His presidential library was opened in 2013 . His presidency has been ranked among the worst in historians ' polls published in the late 2000s and 2010s . ", "John Ellis `` Jeb '' Bush Sr. -LRB- born February 11 , 1953 -RRB- is an American businessman and politician who served as the 43rd Governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007 . Bush , who grew up in Houston , is the second son of former President George H. W. Bush and former First Lady Barbara Bush , and a younger brother of former President George W. Bush . He graduated from Phillips Academy in Andover , Massachusetts , and attended the University of Texas , where he earned a degree in Latin American affairs . In 1980 , he moved to Florida and pursued a career in real estate development , and in 1986 became Florida 's Secretary of Commerce until 1988 . At that time , he joined his father 's successful campaign for the Presidency . In 1994 , Bush made his first run for office , losing the election for governor by less than two percentage points to the incumbent , Lawton Chiles . Bush ran again in 1998 and defeated Lieutenant Governor Buddy MacKay with 55 percent of the vote . He ran for reelection in 2002 , defeating Bill McBride and winning with 56 percent , to become Florida 's first two-term Republican governor . During his eight years as governor , Bush pushed an ambitious Everglades conservation plan , supported caps for medical malpractice litigation , launched a Medicaid privatization pilot program , and instituted reforms to the state education system , including the issuance of vouchers and promoting school choice . Bush announced his presidential candidacy on June 15 , 2015 . He suspended his campaign on February 20 , 2016 , shortly after the South Carolina primary and endorsed Senator Ted Cruz on March 23 , 2016 . Bush later made headlines by joining a group of Republicans who opposed the GOP nominee for President , Donald Trump . ", "Ronald Houston Griffith -LRB- born March 16 , 1936 -RRB- is a retired United States Army four-star general who served as Vice Chief of Staff of the United States Army -LRB- VCSA -RRB- from 1995 to 1997 . He was born in Lafayette , Georgia . " ]

[ 0, 1, 1, 2, 0 ]

[ "2017_Premier_League_Asia_Trophy", "Premier_League_Asia_Trophy", "2011_IIHF_Challenge_Cup_of_Asia", "2014_IIHF_Challenge_Cup_of_Asia", "S.League" ]

[ "The 2017 Premier League Asia Trophy is the eighth edition of the Premier League Asia Trophy . Crystal Palace , Liverpool , Leicester City and West Bromwich Albion competed for the Premier League Asia Trophy . It wiil be held in Hong Kong at the Hong Kong Stadium from 19 -- 22 July 2017 . It is the first edition with four premier league teams to compete and therefore not feature a side from the host country . ", "The Premier League Asia Trophy -LRB- formerly the FA Premier League Asia Cup -RRB- is a pre-season association football friendly tournament held biennial in Asia . The two-day competition was inaugurated in 2003 and is `` the only Premier League-affiliated competition '' to be hosted outside England . It has taken place every other summer since then in order to avoid conflicting with the FIFA World Cup and the UEFA European Championship . For sponsorship purposes , it is referred to as the Barclays Asia Trophy . The competition features three clubs that are members of the Premier League at the time , as well as a local team from the host country . It employs a knockout system in which the winners of the first matches advance to the final , while the losing teams take part in a third place playoff . The tournament format will be partly modified for the 2017 edition , with no local team participating after the withdrawal of Shanghai SIPG . A fourth Premier League club -- Crystal Palace -- agreed to take their place at the last-minute having avoided relegation , marking the first time the tournament has featured teams solely from the Premier League . Chelsea won the inaugural tournament in 2003 , and finished victorious in another in 2011 . Five other sides have won the Premier League Asia Trophy : Bolton Wanderers in 2005 , Portsmouth in 2007 , Tottenham Hotspur in 2009 , Manchester City in 2013 , and Arsenal in 2015 . Chelsea , Tottenham , Man City , Everton , and South China are the most regular participants , having each contested the tournament on two occasions . Thailand 's under-23 national team are the only local Asian side to advance to the finals of the contest . Hong Kong has hosted the tournament three times , more than any other city . ", "The 2011 IIHF Challenge Cup of Asia was the 4th IIHF Challenge Cup of Asia , an annual international ice hockey tournament held by the International Ice Hockey Federation -LRB- IIHF -RRB- . It took place between April 25 and April 30 , 2011 in Kuwait City , Kuwait . Last years winner , Chinese Taipei did not field a team to defend their title . The tournament was won by Hong Kong , who claimed their first title after winning all five of their games . ", "The 2014 IIHF Challenge Cup of Asia was the 7th IIHF Challenge Cup of Asia , an annual international ice hockey tournament held by the International Ice Hockey Federation -LRB- IIHF -RRB- . It took place between 16 and 22 March 2014 in Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates . ", "The S.League is the Singaporean professional league for men 's association football clubs . At the highest level of domestic football competition in Singapore , it is the country 's primary football competition . Contested by nine clubs , it consists of three rounds in which each team plays every other team once . Clubs from Brunei , China , France , Japan and Korea have been invited to take part in the league to raise its level of competitiveness and profile . The S.League is run by the Football Association of Singapore . Seasons run from February to October , with teams playing 24 matches each , totalling 108 matches in the season . It is currently sponsored by Great Eastern Life and Hyundai Motor Company , and thus officially known as the Great Eastern Hyundai S.League for sponsorship reasons . Since the inception of S.League in 1996 , a total of 6 clubs have been crowned champions . Warriors have been the most successful club with 9 titles , followed by Tampines Rovers -LRB- 5 -RRB- , Geylang International -LRB- 2 -RRB- and Home United -LRB- 2 -RRB- . Étoile -LRB- 1 -RRB- and Brunei DPMM -LRB- 1 -RRB- became the foreign club to win the competition in 2010 and 2015 . The current champions are Albirex Niigata -LRB- S -RRB- , who won the title in the 2016 season . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Shut_Up_-LRB-Stormzy_song-RRB-", "Shut-in_Creek", "Close_the_Door_campaign", "SDSU_-LRB-disambiguation-RRB-", "2011_Minnesota_state_government_shutdown" ]

[ "`` Shut Up '' is a song by English Grime artist and MC Stormzy . The song was released independently for digital download in the United Kingdom on 11 September 2015 as the B-side to the `` WickedSkengMan 4 '' single . It was produced by XTC and written by Stormzy . `` Shut Up '' was originally released as a freestyle video in May 2015 but gained popularity over the year . The song initially entered at number 59 on the UK Singles Chart in September 2015 , however following a Christmas number one campaign the song rose to number 8 . ", "Shut-in Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Missouri . Shut-in Creek was named for the fact its course runs between a high valley . ", "The Close the Door campaign is a national campaign in the United Kingdom to encourage retailers to keep their doors closed to conserve energy and reduce carbon emissions . As well as the national campaign , which is supported by major retailers including Marks and Spencer , Tesco , John Lewis Partnership , Wickes and Boots , there are also local campaigns in various cities including Cambridge -LRB- where the campaign was founded -RRB- , Birmingham , London and York . In addition to encouraging the participation of retailers , consumers are also encouraged to participate by closing shop doors and boycotting shops that refuse to close their doors . The Campaign is supported by the shopworkers Union USDAW both because of the energy reduction and the increase in staff comfort . The Carbon Trust and the British Retail Consortium are members of the steering group . ", "SDSU is an acronym that may refer to : Universities in the United States of America : San Diego State University in San Diego , California South Dakota State University in Brookings , South Dakota Television series : Sit Down , Shut Up , an American television series Sit Down , Shut Up , an Australian television series Transportation : SDSU Transit Center , a station served by the San Diego Trolley on the San Diego State University campus ", "The 2011 Minnesota state government shutdown was a government shutdown affecting the U.S. state of Minnesota . The shutdown was the result of a fiscal dispute between the Democratic -- Farmer -- Labor Party -LRB- DFL -RRB- Governor Mark Dayton and the Republican-majority Minnesota Legislature , that was not resolved by the constitutional deadline on June 30 . The Republican caucuses and their leaders demanded bigger spending cuts , and for the budget shortfall to be met without tax increases , while Dayton demanded some tax increases . The shutdown started at midnight on July 1 , and ended after a budget bill was passed and signed on July 20 . During the shutdown all less important parts of the state government , that were not identified as critical services before the shutdown or in several court cases , suspended their operations . Most state government services were identified as critical or otherwise allowed to continue , so as much as 80 percent of state government spending continued . The eventual budget agreement started to form after Governor Dayton announced on July 14 that he would `` reluctantly '' pass the last proposal of the Republican legislative leadership before the shutdown , but with conditions . The shutdown was disruptive to the government and some Minnesotans , but its ultimate economic impact was minimal . Politically , it could have influenced the Republican electoral defeat in the 2012 state elections , although there were other factors that may have been more important . " ]

[ 1, 0, 1, 0, 1 ]

[ "Amancio_Ortega", "Antonio_Ortega_Martínez", "Sito_Riera", "Eclaro_International_Inc.", "Daniel_Dantas_-LRB-entrepreneur-RRB-" ]

[ "Amancio Ortega Gaona -LRB- -LSB- aˈmanθjo orˈteɣa ɣaˈona -RSB- ; born 28 March 1936 -RRB- is a Spanish business tycoon . He is the founder and former chairman of Inditex fashion group , best known for its chain of Zara clothing and accessories retail shops . According to Forbes Magazine , he is currently the richest person in Europe , and the second richest in the world with an estimated net worth of $ 85.7 billion . He is also the wealthiest retailer in the world . ", "Antonio Ortega Martínez -LRB- born 28 July 1954 -RRB- is a Mexican politician from the Party of the Democratic Revolution . From 2006 to 2009 he served as Deputy of the LX Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Aguascalientes . ", "Llorenç `` Sito '' Riera Ortega -LRB- born 5 January 1987 -RRB- is a Spanish footballer who plays as a forward for Polish club Śląsk Wrocław . ", "Eclaro International Inc. is a privately held Consulting and Recruiting firm headquartered in New York City , with operations in the US , Canada , India and the Philippines . Eclaro 's core competency is the sourcing , recruitment , vetting , management , and administration of skilled resources in specialized disciplines such as Information Technology , Investment Banking , Finance and Accounting , Supply Chain , and Human Capital Management Roles . The company 's tag line is `` the Right People are The Answer '' . Eclaro International was chosen the 2009 US Dept of Commerce MBDA Technology Firm of the Year for the northeast region of the United States . ", "Daniel Valente Dantas is a Brazilian banker and financier . He is known as the founder of the Opportunity Asset Management " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Georges_Gilles_de_la_Tourette", "François_Rousseau_-LRB-researcher-RRB-", "Gilles_Groulx", "Jacques_de_la_Faye", "Paul_Ginisty" ]

[ "Georges Albert Édouard Brutus Gilles de la Tourette -LRB- 30 October 1857 -- 26 May 1904 -RRB- was a French physician and the namesake of Tourette 's syndrome , a neurological condition characterized by physical and verbal tics . He was born in the small town of Saint-Gervais-les-Trois-Clochers in the district of Châtellerault , near the city of Loudun . He could be retrospectively classified as a neurologist , but the field did not exist in his time . During 1873 Tourette began medical studies at Poitiers . He later relocated to Paris where he became a student , amanuensis , and house physician of his mentor , the influential contemporary neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot , director of the Salpêtrière Hospital . Charcot also helped him to advance in his academic career . Tourette studied and lectured in psychotherapy , hysteria and medical and legal ramifications of mesmerism -LRB- modern-day hypnosis -RRB- . Tourette described the symptoms of Tourette 's syndrome in nine patients in 1884 , using the name `` maladie des tics '' . Charcot renamed the syndrome `` Gilles de la Tourette 's illness '' in his honor . In 1893 , a former female patient shot Tourette in the head , claiming he had hypnotized her against her will . Both Tourette and many modern hypnologists state that this is impossible . His mentor , Charcot , had died recently , and his young son had also died recently . After these events , Tourette began to experience mood swings between depression and hypomania . Nevertheless , he organized public lectures in which he spoke about literacy , mesmerism and theatre . Tourette published an article on hysteria in the German Army , which angered Bismarck , and a further article about unhygienic conditions in the floating hospitals on the river Thames . With Gabriel Legué he analyzed abbess Jeanne des Anges ' account of her hysteria that was allegedly based on her unrequited love for a priest Urbain Grandier , who was later burned for witchcraft . Around 1902 , Tourette 's condition worsened and he was dismissed from his post . Gilles de la Tourette died on 26 May 1904 in a psychiatric hospital in Lausanne , Switzerland . ", "François Rousseau is a Quebec Canada medical doctor and researcher . His publications include studies about Quebec health history . His book L'oeuvre de chère en Nouvelle-France : Le régime des malades à l'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec was a finalist for the 1983 Governor General 's Awards in `` French Language - Non-fiction '' category . In 1994 , he published '' La croix et le scalpel : Histoire des Augustines et de l'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec -LRB- 1639-1989 -RRB- . ", "Gilles Groulx -LRB- May 30 , 1931 in Montreal , Quebec -- August 22 , 1994 -RRB- was a Canadian film director . He grew up in a working-class family with 14 children . After studying business in school , he went to work in an office but found the white-collar environment too stultifying . Deciding that the only way out was to become an intellectual , he attended the for a time and was a supporter of Borduas ' automatiste movement . He also made 8 mm amateur films , which landed him a job as picture editor in the news department of the CBC . After three short personal films that confirmed his talent , he was hired by the National Film Board -LRB- NFB -RRB- at what was the beginning of the candid eye movement in 1956 . ", "Jacques de la Faye was a 17th-18th century French writer whose Defensio Religionis -LRB- ' `` Defense of Religion ' -RRB- a 251-page critique of the pantheism of John Toland , was published at Utrecht in 1709 . De la Faye 's was the first recorded use of the word , `` pantheism '' . ", "Paul Ginisty -LRB- 4 April 1855 -- 5 March 1932 -RRB- was a French writer , columnist and journalist . A regular columnist at Gil Blas , he met Guy de Maupassant who would dedicate him his short story . From 1896 to 1906 , he was theatre manager for the Théâtre de l'Odéon , then became an inspector of monuments historiques . " ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Broadsheet", "No_Country_for_Old_Men", "The_Big_Read", "The_Big_Country", "American_Short_Fiction" ]

[ "A broadsheet is the largest newspaper format and is characterized by long vertical pages -LRB- typically 22 in -RRB- . The term derives from types of popular prints usually just of a single sheet , sold on the streets and containing various types of material , from ballads to political satire . The first broadsheet newspaper was the Dutch Courante uyt Italien , Duytslandt , & c. published in 1618 . Other common newspaper formats include the smaller Berliner and tabloid/compact formats . ", "No Country for Old Men is a 2005 novel by American author Cormac McCarthy . The story occurs in the vicinity of the United States -- Mexico border in 1980 and concerns an illegal drug deal gone awry in the Texas desert back country . The title of the novel derives from the first line of the 1926 poem `` Sailing to Byzantium '' by W. B. Yeats . The book was adapted into the 2007 movie No Country for Old Men which won four Academy Awards , including Best Picture . ", "The Big Read was a survey on books carried out by the BBC in the United Kingdom in 2003 , where over three quarters of a million votes were received from the British public to find the nation 's best-loved novel of all time . The year-long survey was the biggest single test of public reading taste to date , and culminated with several programmes hosted by celebrities , advocating their favourite books . ", "The Big Country is a 1958 American epic Western film directed by William Wyler and starring Gregory Peck , Jean Simmons , Carroll Baker , Charlton Heston and Burl Ives . The supporting cast features Charles Bickford and Chuck Connors . The picture was based on the serialized magazine novel Ambush at Blanco Canyon by Donald Hamilton . and was co-produced by Wyler and Peck . The opening title sequence was created by Saul Bass . The film is one of very few pictures in which Heston plays a major supporting role instead of the lead . Ives won the Academy Award as Best Supporting Actor for his performance as well as the Golden Globe Award . The film was also nominated for an Academy Award for the musical score by Jerome Moross . ", "American Short Fiction is a nationally circulated literary magazine based in Austin , Texas . Issued triannually , American Short Fiction publishes short fiction , novel excerpts , and an occasional novella , and strives to publish work by both established and emerging contemporary authors . The magazine seeks out stories `` that dive into the wreck , that stretch the reader between recognition and surprise , that conjure a particular world with delicate expertise -- stories that take a different way home . '' American Short Fiction sponsors two annual short fiction contests , the American Short Fiction Contest , judged in 2016 by Justin Torres , and the American Short -LRB- er -RRB- Fiction Prize . The magazine also sponsors a reading series in Austin as well as online workshops for fiction writers . " ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 2, 0 ]

[ "Google_Search", "Select_Sport", "Association_football", "ESEA_League", "101-in-1_Sports_Party_Megamix" ]

[ "Google Search , commonly referred to as Google Web Search or simply Google , is a web search engine developed by Google . It is the most-used search engine on the World Wide Web , handling more than three billion searches each day . , it is the most used search engine in the US with 64.0 % market share . The order of search on Google 's search-results pages is based , in part , on a priority rank called a `` PageRank '' . Google Search provides many different options for customized search , using Boolean operators such as exclusion -LRB- '' - xx '' -RRB- , alternatives -LRB- `` xx OR yy OR zz '' -RRB- , and wildcards -LRB- `` Winston * Churchill '' returns `` Winston Churchill '' , `` Winston Spencer Churchill '' , etc. -RRB- . The same and other options can be specified in a different way on an Advanced Search page . The main purpose of Google Search is to hunt for text in publicly accessible documents offered by web servers , as opposed to other data , such as images or data contained in databases . It was originally developed by Larry Page and Sergey Brin in 1997 . Google Search provides several features beyond searching for words . These include synonyms , weather forecasts , time zones , stock quotes , maps , earthquake data , movie showtimes , airports , home listings , and sports scores . There are special features for numbers , dates , and some specific forms , including ranges , prices , temperatures , money and measurement unit conversions , calculations , package tracking , patents , area codes , and language translation . In June 2011 Google introduced `` Google Voice Search '' to search for spoken , rather than typed , words . In May 2012 Google introduced a Knowledge Graph semantic search feature in the U.S. Analysis of the frequency of search terms may indicate economic , social and health trends . Data about the frequency of use of search terms on Google can be openly inquired via Google Trends and have been shown to correlate with flu outbreaks and unemployment levels , and provide the information faster than traditional reporting methods and surveys . As of mid-2016 , Google 's search engine has begun to rely on these deep neural networks . In October 2016 , Gary Illyes , a webmaster trends analyst with Google , announced that the search engine will be making a new , primary web index dedicated for mobile , with a secondary , less up-to-date index for desktop use . The change is a response from the continued growth in mobile , and a push for web developers to adopt a mobile-friendly version of their websites . Illyes stated the change will happen in `` months '' . Competitors of Google include Baidu and Soso.com in China ; Naver.com and Daum.net in South Korea ; Yandex in Russia ; Seznam.cz in the Czech Republic ; Yahoo in Japan , Taiwan and the US , as well as Bing and DuckDuckGo . Some smaller search engines offer facilities not available with Google , e.g. not storing any private or tracking information ; one such search engine is Ixquick . ", "Select Sport A.S. is a Danish sports equipment manufacturer based in Glostrup , Denmark . As of 2008 , Select provides the Danish Football Association with footballs , and also several clubs in the Danish , Belgian and Russian top football leagues use Select balls . Select balls are used in the Olympic handball games , as well as in the World Championship and in the Danish , Swedish and Spanish men 's handball leagues , among others . The company 's U.S. subsidiary , Select Sport America , has contracts to supply soccer balls for the NAIA , several NCAA Division II and Division III conferences , and state high school federations in Kentucky and Wisconsin . ", "Association football , more commonly known as football or soccer , is a team sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball . It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries and dependencies making it the world 's most popular sport . The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal at each end . The object of the game is to score by getting the ball into the opposing goal . Players are not allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play , unless they are goalkeepers -LRB- and then only when within their penalty area -RRB- . Other players mainly use their feet to strike or pass the ball , but may also use their head or torso . The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins . If the score is level at the end of the game , either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition . The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863 . Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football -LRB- FIFA ; Fédération Internationale de Football Association -RRB- , which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years . ", "E-Sports Entertainment Association League -LRB- ESEA -RRB- is an esports competitive video gaming community founded by E-Sports Entertainment Association -LRB- ESEA -RRB- . It is widely known for their anti-cheat software . ESEA features a system that allows players of all levels to play matches with others . ", "101-in-1 Sports Party Megamix is a video game developed by Nordcurrent and published by Atlus for the Wii . It was first released in Europe on November 19 , 2010 and in North America on January 13 , 2011 . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Floyd_Mayweather_Jr.", "Fight_of_the_Century_-LRB-disambiguation-RRB-", "Hatton_Promotions", "Edward_W._Stack", "Drew_Fickett" ]

[ "Floyd Joy Mayweather Jr. -LRB- born Floyd Joy Sinclair ; February 24 , 1977 -RRB- is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1996 to 2015 , and currently works as a boxing promoter . Widely considered to be one of the greatest boxers of all time , undefeated as a professional , and a five-division world champion , Mayweather won fifteen world titles and the lineal championship in four different weight classes -LRB- twice at welterweight -RRB- . As an amateur , he won a bronze medal in the featherweight division at the 1996 Olympics . Mayweather is a two-time winner of The Ring magazine 's Fighter of the Year award -LRB- 1998 and 2007 -RRB- , a three-time winner of the Boxing Writers Association of America -LRB- BWAA -RRB- Fighter of the Year award -LRB- 2007 , 2013 , and 2015 -RRB- , and a six-time winner of the Best Fighter ESPY Award -LRB- 2007 -- 2010 , 2012 -- 2014 -RRB- . In 2016 , Mayweather was ranked by ESPN as the greatest boxer , pound for pound , of the last 25 years . In the same year , he peaked as BoxRec 's number one fighter of all time , pound for pound , as well as the greatest welterweight of all time . Many sporting news and boxing websites ranked Mayweather as the best boxer in the world , pound for pound , twice in a span of ten years ; including The Ring , Sports Illustrated , ESPN , BoxRec , Fox Sports , and Yahoo! Sports . He is also regarded as the best defensive boxer in the sport , as well as being the most accurate puncher since the existence of CompuBox , having the highest plus -- minus ratio in recorded boxing history . He finished his career with a record of 26 wins without a loss or draw in world title fights -LRB- 10 by KO -RRB- ; 23 wins -LRB- 9 KOs -RRB- in lineal title fights ; 24 wins -LRB- 7 KOs -RRB- against former or current world titlists ; 12 wins -LRB- 3 KOs -RRB- against former or current lineal champions ; and 2 wins -LRB- 1 KO -RRB- against International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees . In addition to his accomplishments in the ring , Mayweather is well known for being one of the most lucrative pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- attractions of all time , in any sport . He topped the Forbes and Sports Illustrated lists of the 50 highest-paid athletes of 2012 and 2013 respectively , and the Forbes list again in both 2014 and 2015 , listing him as the highest paid athlete in the world . In 2007 , he founded Mayweather Promotions , his own boxing promotional firm after defecting from Bob Arum 's Top Rank . Mayweather has generated approximately 19.5 million in PPV buys and $ 1.3 billion in revenue throughout his career , surpassing the likes of former top PPV attractions including Mike Tyson , Evander Holyfield , Lennox Lewis , Oscar De La Hoya , and Manny Pacquiao . ", "Fight of the Century usually refers to the 1971 boxing match between Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier . Fight of the Century may also refer to : the 1910 boxing match between James Jeffries and Jack Johnson the 1921 boxing match between Georges Carpentier and Jack Dempsey the 1938 boxing match between Joe Louis and Max Schmeling the 2015 boxing match between Floyd Mayweather Jr. and Manny Pacquiao ", "Hatton Promotions is a promotional company headed by former two-weight world champion Ricky Hatton with Richard Poxon as Director of Boxing . ", "Edward W. Stack is an American heir and businessman . He serves as chairman and chief executive officer of Dick 's Sporting Goods . ", "Andrew Robert Fickett -LRB- born December 14 , 1979 -RRB- is an American mixed martial artist who competes in the Lightweight division . A professional competitor since 1999 , Fickett has also formerly competed for the UFC , Strikeforce , DREAM , Cage Rage , the XFC , MFC , and King of the Cage . " ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 0, 2 ]

[ "Resident_Evil_-LRB-film-RRB-", "Resident_Evil_Outbreak", "Resident_Evil-COLON-_The_Darkside_Chronicles", "Resident_Evil-COLON-_Vendetta", "Discography_of_the_Resident_Evil_video_game_series" ]

[ "Resident Evil is a 2002 German-British science fiction action horror film written and directed by Paul W. S. Anderson and produced by Bernd Eichinger . The film stars Milla Jovovich and Michelle Rodriguez . It is the first installment in the Resident Evil film series , which is loosely based on the Capcom survival horror video game series Resident Evil . Alongside Jovovich and Rodriguez , it also stars Eric Mabius , James Purefoy , Martin Crewes , and Colin Salmon . It is produced by Bernd Eichinger and by Anderson himself . Borrowing elements from the video games Resident Evil and Resident Evil 2 , the film follows amnesiac heroine Alice and a band of Umbrella Corporation commandos as they attempt to contain the outbreak of the T-virus at a secret underground facility . The film received mixed reviews from critics but some highly praised Jovovich and the cast performances as well as the action sequences and the zombies design . It was a box office success , grossing more than $ 100 million worldwide . ", "Resident Evil Outbreak , known as in Japan , is a survival horror video game with online playability for the PlayStation 2 . Initially released in 2003 , it was developed by Capcom Production Studio 1 and was the first entry in the Resident Evil video game series to feature cooperative gameplay and online multiplayer support , although online support was not available for the PAL versions of the game . Outbreak was produced by Tsuyoshi Tanaka , and depicts a series of episodic story lines in the fictional location Raccoon City . It was set during the same general time period as Resident Evil 2 and Resident Evil 3 : Nemesis . Outbreak was followed by a standalone expansion entitled Resident Evil Outbreak File # 2 . ", "Resident Evil : The Darkside Chronicles , known as in Japan , is an on-rails shooter video game for the Wii developed by Capcom and Cavia . The game was released for the Wii on November 17 , 2009 in North America . It serves as a prequel to Resident Evil 4 , setting 2 years before its events . It was released in Europe on November 27 , 2009 bundled with the Wii Zapper accessory . The game , along with The Umbrella Chronicles , is included in the Resident Evil Chronicles HD Collection for the PlayStation 3 . ", "Resident Evil : Vendetta , known as in Japan , is a 2017 Japanese 3D animated action-thriller film . It is part of the Resident Evil franchise , set in the same universe as the associated video games -LRB- unlike the live action films starring Milla Jovovich -RRB- . The film features the characters Chris Redfield , Leon S. Kennedy and Rebecca Chambers . It will be the third CG movie , after Resident Evil : Degeneration in 2008 , followed by Resident Evil : Damnation in 2012 , and this film will mark the third with Leon as a main character . The film is produced by Marza Animation Planet , written by Makoto Fukami -LRB- Psycho Pass , Ultraman X -RRB- and directed by Takanori Tsujimoto -LRB- The Next Generation Patlabor -RRB- . Takashi Shimizu will serve as executive producer . The film was released in Japan on May 27 , 2017 , while a limited theatrical showing in North America is planned for June 19th 2017 . The movie will also be available in North America across digital retailers on June 20th and on Blu-ray and DVD July 18th . ", "This is a discography for Resident Evil/Biohazard . " ]

[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 0 ]

[ "Near-Earth_object", "Solar_System", "Astronomical_object", "Small_Solar_System_body", "Planet" ]

[ "A near-Earth object -LRB- NEO -RRB- is any small Solar System body whose orbit brings it into proximity with Earth . By definition , a solar system body is a NEO if its closest approach to the Sun -LRB- perihelion -RRB- is less than 1.3 astronomical unit -LRB- AU -RRB- . NEOs include more than fourteen thousand near-Earth asteroids -LRB- NEAs -RRB- , more than one hundred near-Earth comets -LRB- NECs -RRB- , and a number of solar-orbiting spacecraft and meteoroids , large enough to be tracked in space before striking the Earth . It is now widely accepted that collisions in the past have had a significant role in shaping the geological and biological history of the Earth . NEOs have become of increased interest since the 1980s because of increased awareness of the potential danger some of the asteroids or comets pose , and mitigations are being researched . In January 2016 , NASA announced the Planetary Defense Coordination Office to track NEOs larger than 30 to 50 meters in diameter and coordinate an effective threat response and mitigation effort . NEAs have orbits that lie partly between 0.983 and 1.3 AU away from the Sun . When a NEA is detected it is submitted to the IAU 's Minor Planet Center for cataloging . Some NEAs orbits intersect that of Earth 's so they pose a collision danger . The United States , European Union , and other nations are currently scanning for NEOs in an effort called Spaceguard . In the United States and since 1998 , NASA has a congressional mandate to catalogue all NEOs that are at least 1 kilometer wide , as the impact of such an object would be globally catastrophic . In 2006 , it was estimated that 20 % of the mandated objects had not yet been found . In 2011 , largely as a result of NEOWISE , it was estimated that 93 % of the NEAs larger than 1 km had been found and that only about 70 remained to be discovered . , there have been 875 NEAs larger than 1 km discovered , of which 157 are potentially hazardous . The inventory is much less complete for smaller objects , which still have potential for large scale , though not global , damage . Potentially hazardous objects -LRB- PHOs -RRB- are currently defined based on parameters that measure the object 's potential to make threatening close approaches to the Earth . Mostly objects with an Earth minimum orbit intersection distance -LRB- MOID -RRB- of 0.05 AU or less and an absolute magnitude -LRB- H -RRB- of 22.0 or brighter -LRB- a rough indicator of large size -RRB- are considered PHOs . Objects that can not approach closer to the Earth -LRB- i.e. MOID -RRB- than 0.05 AU , or are smaller than about 150 m -LRB- 500 ft -RRB- in diameter -LRB- i.e. H = 22.0 with assumed albedo of 13 % -RRB- , are not considered PHOs . NASA 's catalog for near-Earth objects also includes the approach distances of asteroids and comets measured in lunar distances , and this usage has become a common unit of measure used by the news media in discussing these objects . Some NEOs are of special interest because they can be physically explored with lower mission velocity than for even the Moon , due to their combination of low velocity with respect to Earth -LRB- ΔV -RRB- and weak gravity , so they may present interesting scientific opportunities both for direct geochemical and astronomical investigation , and as potentially economical sources of extraterrestrial materials for human exploitation . This makes them an attractive target for exploration . As of 2016 , three near-Earth objects have been visited by spacecraft . ", "The Solar SystemCapitalization of the name varies . The International Astronomical Union , the authoritative body regarding astronomical nomenclature , specifies capitalizing the names of all individual astronomical objects , but uses mixed `` Solar System '' and `` solar system '' in their naming guidelines document . The name is commonly rendered in lower case -LRB- `` solar system '' -RRB- , as , for example , in the Oxford English Dictionary and Merriam-Webster 's 11th Collegiate Dictionary . is the gravitationally bound system comprising the Sun and the objects that orbit it , either directly or indirectly.The natural satellites -LRB- moons -RRB- orbiting the Solar System 's planets are an example of the latter . Of those objects that orbit the Sun directly , the largest eight are the planets , Historically , several other bodies were once considered planets , including , from its discovery in 1930 until 2006 , Pluto . See Former planets . with the remainder being significantly smaller objects , such as dwarf planets and small Solar System bodies . Of the objects that orbit the Sun indirectly , the moons , two are larger than the smallest planet , Mercury.The two moons larger than Mercury are Ganymede , which orbits Jupiter , and Titan , which orbits Saturn . Although bigger than Mercury , both moons have less than half the mass of Mercury . The Solar System formed 4.6 billion years ago from the gravitational collapse of a giant interstellar molecular cloud . The vast majority of the system 's mass is in the Sun , with the majority of the remaining mass contained in Jupiter . The four smaller inner planets , Mercury , Venus , Earth and Mars , are terrestrial planets , being primarily composed of rock and metal . The four outer planets are giant planets , being substantially more massive than the terrestrials . The two largest , Jupiter and Saturn , are gas giants , being composed mainly of hydrogen and helium ; the two outermost planets , Uranus and Neptune , are ice giants , being composed mostly of substances with relatively high melting points compared with hydrogen and helium , called volatiles , such as water , ammonia and methane . All planets have almost circular orbits that lie within a nearly flat disc called the ecliptic . The Solar System also contains smaller objects . The asteroid belt , which lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter , mostly contains objects composed , like the terrestrial planets , of rock and metal . Beyond Neptune 's orbit lie the Kuiper belt and scattered disc , which are populations of trans-Neptunian objects composed mostly of ices , and beyond them a newly discovered population of sednoids . Within these populations are several dozen to possibly tens of thousands of objects large enough that they have been rounded by their own gravity . Such objects are categorized as dwarf planets . Identified dwarf planets include the asteroid Ceres and the trans-Neptunian objects Pluto and Eris . In addition to these two regions , various other small-body populations , including comets , centaurs and interplanetary dust clouds , freely travel between regions . Six of the planets , at least four of the dwarf planets , and many of the smaller bodies are orbited by natural satellites , See List of natural satellites of the Solar System for the full list of natural satellites of the eight planets and first five dwarf planets usually termed `` moons '' after the Moon . Each of the outer planets is encircled by planetary rings of dust and other small objects . The solar wind , a stream of charged particles flowing outwards from the Sun , creates a bubble-like region in the interstellar medium known as the heliosphere . The heliopause is the point at which pressure from the solar wind is equal to the opposing pressure of the interstellar medium ; it extends out to the edge of the scattered disc . The Oort cloud , which is thought to be the source for long-period comets , may also exist at a distance roughly a thousand times further than the heliosphere . The Solar System is located in the Orion Arm , 26,000 light-years from the center of the Milky Way . ", "An astronomical object or celestial object is a naturally occurring physical entity , association , or structure that current astronomy has demonstrated to exist in the observable universe . In astronomy , the terms `` object '' and `` body '' are often used interchangeably . However , an astronomical body or celestial body refers to a single , tightly bound contiguous entity , while an astronomical or celestial object refers to a complex , less cohesively bound structure , that may consist of multiple bodies or even other objects with substructures . Examples for astronomical objects include planetary systems , star clusters , nebulae and galaxies , while asteroids , moons , planets , and stars are astronomical bodies . A comet may be identified as both body and object : It is a body when referring to the frozen nucleus of ice and dust , and an object when describing the entire comet with its diffuse coma and tail . ", "A Small Solar System Body -LRB- SSSB -RRB- is an object in the Solar System that is neither a planet , nor a dwarf planet , nor a natural satellite . The term was first defined in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union . This encompasses all comets and all minor planets other than those that are dwarf planets . Thus SSSBs are : the classical asteroids with the exception of the dwarf planet Ceres ; the trojans ; and the centaurs and trans-Neptunian objects with the exception of Pluto , Haumea , Makemake , Eris , and others that may turn out to be dwarf planets . ", "A planet is an astronomical body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that is massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity , is not massive enough to cause thermonuclear fusion , and has cleared its neighbouring region of planetesimals.This definition is drawn from two separate IAU declarations ; a formal definition agreed by the IAU in 2006 , and an informal working definition established by the IAU in 2001/2003 for objects outside of the Solar System . The official 2006 definition applies only to the Solar System , whereas the 2003 definition applies to planets around other stars . The extrasolar planet issue was deemed too complex to resolve at the 2006 IAU conference . The term planet is ancient , with ties to history , astrology , science , mythology , and religion . Several planets in the Solar System can be seen with the naked eye . These were regarded by many early cultures as divine , or as emissaries of deities . As scientific knowledge advanced , human perception of the planets changed , incorporating a number of disparate objects . In 2006 , the International Astronomical Union -LRB- IAU -RRB- officially adopted a resolution defining planets within the Solar System . This definition is controversial because it excludes many objects of planetary mass based on where or what they orbit . Although eight of the planetary bodies discovered before 1950 remain `` planets '' under the modern definition , some celestial bodies , such as Ceres , Pallas , Juno and Vesta -LRB- each an object in the solar asteroid belt -RRB- , and Pluto -LRB- the first trans-Neptunian object discovered -RRB- , that were once considered planets by the scientific community , are no longer viewed as such . The planets were thought by Ptolemy to orbit Earth in deferent and epicycle motions . Although the idea that the planets orbited the Sun had been suggested many times , it was not until the 17th century that this view was supported by evidence from the first telescopic astronomical observations , performed by Galileo Galilei . At about the same time , by careful analysis of pre-telescopic observation data collected by Tycho Brahe , Johannes Kepler found the planets ' orbits were not circular but elliptical . As observational tools improved , astronomers saw that , like Earth , the planets rotated around tilted axes , and some shared such features as ice caps and seasons . Since the dawn of the Space Age , close observation by space probes has found that Earth and the other planets share characteristics such as volcanism , hurricanes , tectonics , and even hydrology . Planets are generally divided into two main types : large low-density giant planets , and smaller rocky terrestrials . Under IAU definitions , there are eight planets in the Solar System . In order of increasing distance from the Sun , they are the four terrestrials , Mercury , Venus , Earth , and Mars , then the four giant planets , Jupiter , Saturn , Uranus , and Neptune . Six of the planets are orbited by one or more natural satellites . Several thousands of planets around other stars -LRB- `` extrasolar planets '' or `` exoplanets '' -RRB- have been discovered in the Milky Way . As of , known extrasolar planets in planetary systems -LRB- including multiple planetary systems -RRB- , ranging in size from just above the size of the Moon to gas giants about twice as large as Jupiter have been discovered , out of which more than 100 planets are the same size as Earth , nine of which are at the same relative distance from their star as Earth from the Sun , i.e. in the habitable zone . On December 20 , 2011 , the Kepler Space Telescope team reported the discovery of the first Earth-sized extrasolar planets , Kepler-20e and Kepler-20f , orbiting a Sun-like star , Kepler-20 . A 2012 study , analyzing gravitational microlensing data , estimates an average of at least 1.6 bound planets for every star in the Milky Way . Around one in five Sun-like stars is thought to have an Earth-sized planet in its habitable zone . " ]

[ 1, 2, 0, 1, 2 ]

[ "The_SpongeBob_SquarePants_Movie", "SpongeBob_SquarePants_-LRB-character-RRB-", "Tom_Kenny", "Bill_Fagerbakke", "SpongeBob_SquarePants" ]

[ "The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie is a 2004 American animated adventure comedy film based on the Nickelodeon television series SpongeBob SquarePants . The film was directed by series creator Stephen Hillenburg and starred the series ' cast of Tom Kenny , Bill Fagerbakke , Clancy Brown , Rodger Bumpass and Mr. Lawrence , with guest performances by Scarlett Johansson , Jeffrey Tambor , Alec Baldwin and David Hasselhoff . It was produced by Hillenburg 's production company United Plankton Pictures and Nickelodeon Movies , it was distributed by Paramount Pictures and also it was first film in the SpongeBob SquarePants film series . In the film , Plankton devises a plan to steal King Neptune 's crown and send it to Shell City , and SpongeBob and Patrick must retrieve the crown to save Mr. Krabs from King Neptune 's wrath and Bikini Bottom from Plankton 's plan . Previous offers by Paramount Pictures for a film adaptation of SpongeBob SquarePants had been rejected by Stephen Hillenburg , but he eventually accepted one offer in 2002 . A writing team consisting of Hillenburg , Paul Tibbitt , Derek Drymon , Aaron Springer , Kent Osborne and Tim Hill was assembled , conceiving the idea of a mythical hero 's quest and the search for a stolen crown , which would bring SpongeBob and Patrick to the surface . The film was originally intended as the series finale , but Nickelodeon ordered more episodes of the series as the series had become increasingly profitable , so Hillenburg resigned as showrunner , with Tibbitt taking Hillenburg 's place . The film was promoted immensely by Paramount and Nickelodeon , with tie-in promotions made by 7-Eleven , the Cayman Islands and Burger King , which decorated various of its franchises with 9 ft SpongeBob inflatable figures . The film was a box office success and grossed $ 85 million in the United States and $ 140 million worldwide , and received generally positive reviews from critics . A stand-alone sequel titled The SpongeBob Movie : Sponge Out of Water was released on February 6 , 2015 , and a third film is scheduled for release on August 2 , 2019 . ", "SpongeBob SquarePants is the titular character and protagonist of the American animated television series of the same name . He is voiced by actor and comedian Tom Kenny , and first appeared on television in the series ' pilot episode on May 1 , 1999 . SpongeBob SquarePants was created and designed by cartoonist and marine biologist Stephen Hillenburg shortly after the cancellation of Rocko 's Modern Life in 1996 . Hillenburg intended to create a series about an over-optimistic sponge that annoys other characters . Hillenburg compared the concept to Laurel and Hardy and Pee-wee Herman . As he drew the character , he decided that a `` squeaky-clean square '' -LRB- like a kitchen sponge -RRB- fit the concept . His name is derived from `` Bob the Sponge '' , the host of Hillenburg 's comic strip The Intertidal Zone that he originally drew in the 1980s while teaching marine biology to visitors of the Ocean Institute . SpongeBob is a naïve and goofy sea sponge who works as a fry cook in the fictional underwater town of Bikini Bottom . The character has received positive critical response from media critics and achieved popularity with both children and adults , though he has been involved in public controversy . SpongeBob appeared in a We Are Family Foundation video promoting tolerance , which was criticized by James Dobson of Focus on the Family because of the foundation 's link to homosexuality . ", "Thomas James Kenny -LRB- born July 13 , 1962 -RRB- is an American actor and comedian known for his long-running role as the title character in the SpongeBob SquarePants TV series and films . Kenny has voiced many other characters including Heffer Wolfe in Rocko 's Modern Life -LRB- 1993 -- 1996 -RRB- , the Ice King in Adventure Time -LRB- 2010 -- present -RRB- , the Mayor in The Powerpuff Girls -LRB- 1998 -- 2005 -RRB- , Dog in CatDog -LRB- 1998 -- 2005 -RRB- , and Spyro from the Spyro the Dragon franchise -LRB- 1999 -- 2002 -RRB- . His live-action work includes comedies The Edge -LRB- 1992 -- 1993 -RRB- and Mr. Show -LRB- 1995 -- 1998 -RRB- . Kenny has won two Annie Awards for his voice work as SpongeBob Squarepants and the Ice King . ", "William Mark `` Bill '' Fagerbakke -LRB- -LSB- ˈfeɪgərˌbɑ : ki -RSB- born October 4 , 1957 -RRB- is an American actor . He is best known for his long-running roles as Patrick Star in the animated series SpongeBob SquarePants and Michael `` Dauber '' Dybinski on the sitcom Coach . He also appeared in 12 episodes of the sitcom How I Met Your Mother as Marshall Eriksen 's father Marvin . ", "SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg for Nickelodeon . The series chronicles the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom . The series ' popularity has made it a media franchise , as well as the highest rated series to ever air on Nickelodeon , and the most distributed property of MTV Networks . As of 2015 , the media franchise has generated $ 12 billion in merchandising revenue for Nickelodeon . Many of the ideas for the series originated in an unpublished educational comic book titled The Intertidal Zone , which Hillenburg created in 1989 . He began developing SpongeBob SquarePants into a television series in 1996 upon the cancellation of Rocko 's Modern Life , and turned to Tom Kenny , who had worked with him on that series , to voice the title character . SpongeBob was originally going to be named SpongeBoy , and the series was to be called SpongeBoy Ahoy ! , but these were both changed , as the name was already trademarked . Nickelodeon held a preview for the series in the United States on May 1 , 1999 , following the television airing of the 1999 Kids ' Choice Awards . The series officially premiered on July 17 , 1999 . It has received worldwide critical acclaim since its premiere and gained enormous popularity by its second season . A feature film , The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie , was released in theaters on November 19 , 2004 , and a sequel was released on February 6 , 2015 . On October 15 , 2016 , the series began airing its current tenth season , beginning with the episode `` Whirly Brains '' . In May 2017 , the show was announced to be renewed for a 12th season . The series has won a variety of awards , including six Annie Awards , eight Golden Reel Awards , two Emmy Awards , 12 Kids ' Choice Awards , and two BAFTA Children 's Awards . Despite its widespread popularity , the series has been involved in several public controversies , including one centered on speculation over SpongeBob 's intended sexual orientation , and another focusing on the perceived declining quality of the show 's content since the release of the first film . In 2011 , a newly described species of fungi , Spongiforma squarepantsii , was named after the cartoon 's title character . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 2, 2 ]

[ "Thunderstorm", "Cold-core_low", "Rainband", "The_Mighty_Atom_-LRB-Thunderbirds-RRB-", "List_of_Canada_hurricanes" ]

[ "A thunderstorm , also known as an electrical storm , lightning storm , or thundershower , is a storm characterized by the presence of lightning and its acoustic effect on the Earth 's atmosphere , known as thunder . Thunderstorms occur in association with a type of cloud known as a cumulonimbus . They are usually accompanied by strong winds , heavy rain , and sometimes snow , sleet , hail , or , in contrast , no precipitation at all . Thunderstorms may line up in a series or become a rainband , known as a squall line . Strong or severe thunderstorms , known as supercells , rotate as do cyclones . While most thunderstorms move with the mean wind flow through the layer of the troposphere that they occupy , vertical wind shear sometimes causes a deviation in their course at a right angle to the wind shear direction . Thunderstorms result from the rapid upward movement of warm , moist air , sometimes along a front . As the warm , moist air moves upward , it cools , condenses , and forms a cumulonimbus cloud that can reach heights of over 20 km . As the rising air reaches its dew point temperature , water vapor condenses into water droplets or ice , reducing pressure locally within the thunderstorm cell . Any precipitation falls the long distance through the clouds towards the Earth 's surface . As the droplets fall , they collide with other droplets and become larger . The falling droplets create a downdraft as it pulls cold air with it , and this cold air spreads out at the Earth 's surface , occasionally causing strong winds that are commonly associated with thunderstorms . Thunderstorms can form and develop in any geographic location but most frequently within the mid-latitude , where warm , moist air from tropical latitudes collides with cooler air from polar latitudes . Thunderstorms are responsible for the development and formation of many severe weather phenomena . Thunderstorms , and the phenomena that occur along with them , pose great hazards . Damage that results from thunderstorms is mainly inflicted by downburst winds , large hailstones , and flash flooding caused by heavy precipitation . Stronger thunderstorm cells are capable of producing tornadoes and waterspouts . There are four types of thunderstorms : single-cell , multi-cell cluster , multi-cell lines , and supercells . Supercell thunderstorms are the strongest and the most associated with severe weather phenomena . Mesoscale convective systems formed by favorable vertical wind shear within the tropics and subtropics can be responsible for the development of hurricanes . Dry thunderstorms , with no precipitation , can cause the outbreak of wildfires from the heat generated from the cloud-to-ground lightning that accompanies them . Several means are used to study thunderstorms : weather radar , weather stations , and video photography . Past civilizations held various myths concerning thunderstorms and their development as late as the 18th century . Beyond the Earth 's atmosphere , thunderstorms have also been observed on the planets of Jupiter , Saturn , Neptune , and , probably , Venus . ", "A cold-core low , also known as an upper level low or cold-core cyclone , is a cyclone aloft which has an associated cold pool of air residing at high altitude within the Earth 's troposphere . It is a low pressure system which strengthens with height in accordance with the thermal wind relationship . These systems can be referred to as upper level lows . If a weak surface circulation forms in response to such a feature at subtropical latitudes of the eastern north Pacific or north Indian oceans , it is called a subtropical cyclone . Cloud cover and rainfall mainly occurs with these systems during the day . Severe weather , such as tornadoes , can occur near the center of cold-core lows . Cold lows can help spawn cyclones with significant weather impacts , such as polar lows , and Von Karman Vortices . In regard to tropical cyclones , cold lows can lead directly to their development due to their associated cold pool of air aloft or by acting as additional outflow channels to aid in further development . ", "A rainband is a cloud and precipitation structure associated with an area of rainfall which is significantly elongated . Rainbands can be stratiform or convective , and are generated by differences in temperature . When noted on weather radar imagery , this precipitation elongation is referred to as banded structure . Rainbands within tropical cyclones are curved in orientation . Tropical cyclone rainbands contain showers and thunderstorms that , together with the eyewall and the eye , constitute a hurricane or tropical storm . The extent of rainbands around a tropical cyclone can help determine the cyclone 's intensity . Rainbands spawned near and ahead of cold fronts can be squall lines which are able to produce tornadoes . Rainbands associated with cold fronts can be warped by mountain barriers perpendicular to the front 's orientation due to the formation of a low-level barrier jet . Bands of thunderstorms can form with sea breeze and land breeze boundaries , if enough moisture is present . If sea breeze rainbands become active enough just ahead of a cold front , they can mask the location of the cold front itself . Banding within the comma head precipitation pattern of an extratropical cyclone can yield significant amounts of rain or snow . Behind extratropical cyclones , rainbands can form downwind of relative warm bodies of water such as the Great Lakes . If the atmosphere is cold enough , these rainbands can yield heavy snow . ", "`` The Mighty Atom '' is the 14th episode of the first series of Thunderbirds , a British 1960s Supermarionation television series co-created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson . Written by Dennis Spooner and directed by David Lane , it was first broadcast on ATV Midlands on 30 December 1965 . In this episode , the Hood attacks nuclear-powered irrigation plants in Australia and the Sahara Desert , threatening devastating atomic fallout on two continents . ", "A Canadian hurricane is a tropical cyclone originating in the Atlantic or Pacific Ocean affecting the country of Canada . Canada is usually only hit with weak storms , due to the generally cool waters immediately offshore . However , some hurricanes can strike the area full force as the warm Gulf Stream extends fairly close to Atlantic Canada . Due to the cool waters for a great distance from the Pacific coast of Canada , there has never been a storm of any intensity to directly affect the Pacific coast . On occasion tropical systems can transition into , or be absorbed by , non-tropical systems that strongly affect western Canada , most notably by the remnants of Typhoon Freda that were absorbed by the Columbus Day Storm of 1962 . Hurricane Ella is currently the strongest tropical cyclone in Canadian Waters , reaching Category 4 status south of Nova Scotia . Despite this , Ella did not make landfall . Sometimes , a hurricane can make landfall in the United States and continue northward to dissipate over -LRB- or partially over -RRB- Canada . Only a handful of storms that have taken this path were devastating in Canada . The example for this is Hurricane Hazel . Many extratropical remnants of tropical cyclones have entered Canada . They are not included in this list unless they were particularly notable . Storms that have entered Canada from the U.S. after landfall are omitted from these lists , exceptions being devastating , or notable cyclones . This article includes hurricanes that affected Newfoundland and Labrador prior to its entry into Canada in 1949 , and hurricanes that affected any Canadian provinces before confederation in 1867 . " ]

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[ "Samsung_REX", "BlackBerry_Mobile", "Samsung", "Samsung_Ativ_Tab_3", "Redmi_Note_Prime" ]

[ "The Samsung REX series is a range of Samsung smartphones and feature phones , ranging from low to mid-end phones , running a Java-based operating system with Samsung 's TouchWiz user interface . It is currently one of the Samsung line of devices that are aimed at the budget phone market alongside lower end Samsung Galaxy devices . Its main competition includes the Nokia Asha range and Firefox OS . Currently , most devices are dual-SIM equipped and only released in the Indian market . ", "Blackberry Mobile is a trading name used by TCL Corporation to sell BlackBerry branded devices in all world markets , excluding Indonesia , India , Bangladesh , Sri Lanka and Nepal . BlackBerry Limited , the creator of the BlackBerry brand , decided in 2016 to cease competing in the smartphone market directly , to focus on making security software . Due to this , TCL Communication is now in charge of manufacturing , distributing , and designing BlackBerry-branded devices for the global market . The BlackBerry KEYone is the first device made under BlackBerry Mobile , although it was designed by BlackBerry Limited . ", "Samsung Group -LRB- ; -LSB- sʰamsʰʌŋ -RSB- -RRB- is a South Korean multinational conglomerate headquartered in Samsung Town , Seoul . It comprises numerous affiliated businesses , most of them united under the Samsung brand , and is the largest South Korean chaebol -LRB- business conglomerate -RRB- . Samsung was founded by Lee Byung-chul in 1938 as a trading company . Over the next three decades , the group diversified into areas including food processing , textiles , insurance , securities and retail . Samsung entered the electronics industry in the late 1960s and the construction and shipbuilding industries in the mid-1970s ; these areas would drive its subsequent growth . Following Lee 's death in 1987 , Samsung was separated into four business groups -- Samsung Group , Shinsegae Group , CJ Group and Hansol Group . Since 1990 , Samsung has increasingly globalised its activities and electronics ; in particular , its mobile phones and semiconductors have become its most important source of income . Notable Samsung industrial affiliates include Samsung Electronics -LRB- the world 's 2nd largest information technology company measured by 2015 revenues , and 5th in market value -RRB- , Samsung Heavy Industries -LRB- the world 's 2nd largest shipbuilder measured by 2010 revenues -RRB- , and Samsung Engineering and Samsung C&T -LRB- respectively the world 's 13th and 36th largest construction companies -RRB- . Other notable subsidiaries include Samsung Life Insurance -LRB- the world 's 14th largest life insurance company -RRB- , Samsung Everland -LRB- operator of Everland Resort , the oldest theme park in South Korea -RRB- and Cheil Worldwide -LRB- the world 's 15th largest advertising agency measured by 2012 revenues -RRB- . Samsung has a powerful influence on South Korea 's economic development , politics , media and culture and has been a major driving force behind the `` Miracle on the Han River '' . Its affiliate companies produce around a fifth of South Korea 's total exports . Samsung 's revenue was equal to 17 % of South Korea 's $ 1,082 billion GDP . ", "The Samsung Ativ Tab 3 is a 10.1 in tablet manufactured by Samsung . The Ativ Tab 3 was announced on June 20 , 2013 at the Samsung Premier 2013 event in London , incorporates a dual-core 1.8 GHz Intel Atom Z2760 processor , and runs the Windows 8 operating system . The incorporation of Windows 8 instead Windows RT operating system of its predecessor has received mostly favourable reviews , the Ativ Tab 3 itself received positive reviews for its lightweight design , its pre-loaded software such as a free Microsoft office suite , and its overall performance for a device positioned as a budget device . ", "The Xiaomi Redmi Note Prime , is a smartphone released in December 2015 exclusively in India , developed by the Chinese smartphone manufacturer Xiaomi Inc. . It is a part of the Redmi series of smartphones , and succeeded the Redmi Note 4g . Visually similar to its predecessor , it comes with a 5.5-inch screen , a quad-core 1.2 GHz Qualcomm Snapdragon 410 processor and runs Android version 4.4 -LRB- Kitkat -RRB- , bundled with the proprietary MIUI v7 user interface . " ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Estonia", "Estonians", "Estonian_Knighthood_House", "Estonia_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2013", "List_of_political_parties_in_Estonia" ]

[ "Estonia -LRB- -LSB- ɛˈstoʊniə -RSB- Eesti -LSB- ˈeːsti -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Republic of Estonia -LRB- -LSB- Eesti Vabariik , links = no -RSB- -RRB- , is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe . It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland , to the west by the Baltic Sea , to the south by Latvia -LRB- 343 km -RRB- , and to the east by Lake Peipus and Russia -LRB- 338.6 km -RRB- . Across the Baltic Sea lies Sweden in the west and Finland in the north . The territory of Estonia consists of a mainland and 2,222 islands and islets in the Baltic Sea , covering 45339 km2 of land and water , and is influenced by a humid continental climate . The territory of Estonia has been inhabited since at least 6500 BC , with Finno-Ugric speakers -- the linguistic ancestors of modern Estonians -- arriving no later than around 1800 BC . Following centuries of successive German , Danish , Swedish , and Russian rule , Estonians experienced a national awakening that culminated in independence from the Russian Empire towards the end of World War I . During World War II , Estonia was occupied by the Soviet Union in 1940 , then by Nazi Germany a year later and was again annexed by the Soviets in 1944 , after which it was reconstituted as the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic . In 1988 , during the Singing Revolution , the Estonian Supreme Soviet issued the Estonian Sovereignty Declaration in defiance of Soviet rule , and independence was restored on 20 August 1991 . Estonia is a democratic parliamentary republic divided into fifteen counties . Its capital and largest city is Tallinn . With a population of 1.3 million , it is one of the least-populous member states of the European Union , Eurozone , North Atlantic Treaty Organization -LRB- NATO -RRB- , OECD and Schengen Area . Ethnic Estonians are a Finnic people , sharing close cultural ties with their northern neighbour , Finland , and the official language , Estonian , is a Finno-Ugric language closely related to Finnish and the Sami languages , and distantly to Hungarian . Estonia is a developed country with an advanced , high-income economy that is among the fastest growing in the EU . Its Human Development Index ranks very highly , and it performs favourably in measurements of economic freedom , civil liberties and press freedom -LRB- 3rd in the world in 2012 and 2007 -RRB- . The 2015 PISA test places Estonian high school students 3rd in the world , behind Singapore and Japan . Citizens of Estonia are provided with universal health care , free education and the longest paid maternity leave in the OECD . Since independence the country has rapidly developed its IT sector , becoming one of the world 's most digitally advanced societies . In 2005 Estonia became the first nation to hold elections over the Internet , and in 2014 the first nation to provide E-residency . ", "Estonians -LRB- eestlased -RRB- are a Finnic ethnic group related to the Finns that mainly inhabit Estonia , a country located south of Finland and the Finnish Gulf . Their national language belongs to Finnic branch and is known as Estonian -LRB- eesti keel -RRB- . Although Estonia is often geopolitically categorized as one of the Baltics , Estonians are linguistically , culturally and historically related to the neighboring Finns -- both belonging to the Finnic people -- differing from the non-Finnic Indo-European speaking Baltic peoples of Latvia and Lithuania . ", "The Estonian Knighthood House -LRB- Estonian : Eestimaa rüütelkonna hoone , German : Haus der Estländischen Ritterschaft -RRB- is a building in Toompea , the upper part of Vanalinn , the historic inner town of Tallinn , the capital of Estonia . Its address is Kiriku plats -LRB- Dome Square -RRB- 1 . The Dome Church is situated at the same square . ", "Estonia participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 in Malmö , Sweden . The Estonian entry was selected through the national selection `` Eesti Laul 2013 '' , organised by the Estonian broadcaster ERR . The song `` Et uus saaks alguse '' , performed by Birgit and written by Mihkel Mattisen and Silvia Soro , represented the country and qualified from the first semi-final . The song went on to place 20th in the final , scoring 19 points . ", "This article lists political parties in Estonia . Estonia has a multi-party system with numerous parties , in which no one party is likely to gain power alone , and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments . " ]

[ 2, 2, 2, 0, 0 ]