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Detroit Regional Transit Study: A Study of Factors that Enable and Inhibit Effective Regional Transit
|
A comprehensive study of the factors enabling or inhibiting the development of effective regional transit looked at Detroit, Atlanta, Cleveland, Denver and St. Louis. Six key variable in transit success were examined: politics and leadership; law and governance; finance and funding; transit-oriented development; equity and access; and, media and public opinion. The research methodology used firsthand narrative experience and involved 60 in-depth interviews. This document provides an overview and summaries of key findings in all six areas of focus. Six separate reports explore each area in greater depth.
|
In large-scale power systems, generating plants provide energy to consumers through exceedingly flexible and dynamic networks. The delivered electrical energy is maintained in high quality and the voltage profile is kept within acceptable limits by the utilization of control devices scattered in key locations over the power grid. Thus, one of the most important problems facing the electric utilities is to coordinate the reactive power compensation devices to maintain acceptable bus voltage profile while minimizing operational costs and assuring system stability in the presence of disturbances. In practice, the dispatcher, traditionally a trained human expert makes the decision as to the location, the switching sequence, and the amount of compensation needed of the control devices. To aid with this sometimes overwhelming decision-making task, a Matlab-based intelligent knowledge-based expert system for steady-state voltage control is developed.
|
eng_Latn
| 794,991 |
Safety monitoring in flowing water stage for the emergency water supply project in Beijing-Shijiazhuang section of middle route of South to north water diversion
|
The main channel length is about 307.422km for the emergency water supply project in Beijing-Shijiazhuang section of middle route of South to north water diversion,south to the ancient canal on the south of Hutuo river in Hebei province and north to Tuancheng lake in Beijing city.By analyzing the monitoring data results of these buildings along the channel during the temporary flowing water stage,the paper estimates the security of these buildings,which could provide the running basis for the operation and management apartment and the reference for the design and construction of the similar projects.
|
The voltage characteristics of the fault phase in the shunt reactor and the neutral point reactor are analyzed for the EHV transmission lines with shunt reactors. The study shows that in the case of solid permanent grounding, the ratio of the voltage in the fault phase shunt reactor to the voltage in the neutral point reactor is always larger than that for transient faults. Based on the above finding, a method using the voltage in the shunt reactor and neutral point reactor to identify the fault nature is proposed for the single-phase adaptive reclosure of transmission lines with the shunt reactors. EMTP simulation results show that the proposed method is correct and efficient in realizing single-phase adaptive reclosure of EHV transmission lines.
|
eng_Latn
| 794,993 |
Development of a System of Line Power for Radio
|
A short history of the development of power supply apparatus for radio receivers is given, including a brief discussion of the technical requirements, such as the most desirable suppression characteristics, the necessity for voltage regulation, etc. The various devices which have been developed are described. The present status of the art and the scope and limitations of the different types of apparatus are discussed. The series wired radio set with common power supply for plate filament and grid circuit is discussed in some detail, and curves of the operating characteristics of such a set are given.
|
A method is described for control of plants with long transportation lags. This is achieved by making use of the design advantages offered by optimal-linear-regulator theory and the pole-positioning technique. The system states required by the state-vector feedback algorithm are obtained from a Luenberger observer, thus eliminating the need for specific plant instrumentation to implement the scheme. To demonstrate the proposed ideas, a sinter plant model is used in the case study presented.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,018 |
Complications of transsphenoidal surgery.
|
Transsphenoidal surgery has many advantages in providing access to the sella turcica. It is associated with relatively low morbidity and mortality but it should be recognized that it is not without risk. Often, signs and symptoms of complications from transsphenoidal surgery are observed by the nurse. With early detection and prompt management, patients need not suffer the serious disabilities that may ensue.
|
A study of Vepco's 34.5 kV distribution feeder faults was conducted by installing fault recording equipment in some of their substations. The data was analyzed on a statistical basis and provided information relating to the magnitude, frequency, duration and types of faults seen by the substation transformers. Consideration of the high number of substation transformer failures, the cumulative aging effects of short circuits and their operating experience with instantaneous reclosing brought about changes in Vepco's standard reclosing practices. These changes should reduce the number of short circuits on these transformers and thereby decrease the probability of failure.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,026 |
Study of voltage stability for HVDC transmission systems
|
The status quo of the voltage stability study for the HVDC transmission system is discussed in detail,and the defects of the current study methods are pointed out.Based on the application achievements of bifurcation theory to the voltage stability study for AC systems,it is proposed that the bifurcation theory can also be applied to the voltage stability study for HVDC systems.The difficulties in application of the theory to voltage stability study for HVDC systems are put forward,as well as relevant solutions.
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No matter the size of the hydro plant, if it has a long waterway and will operate in peaking mode, the project designer needs to address the issue of hydraulic transients-known as water hammer-early in the design. This article describes the application of transient analysis to the design of a 20-MW hydro plant in California. In this case, a Howell Bunger valve was used as a pressure regulating valve to control transient pressures and speed rise.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,029 |
Distribution network protection considering grid code requirements for distributed generation
|
The amount of inverter-based distributed generation connected to the low and medium voltage levels is increasing rapidly. Their growing impact on the power system has already driven some distribution network operators to start imposing requirements on their operation similar to those described in transmission grid codes. This study studies how different grid code requirements can affect the fault current levels in the distribution network and explores the possibility of using the grid code requirements to ensure the reliability and selectivity of the protection of distribution feeders.
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In order to improve the reliability of a power system,this article talks a power BIT system and it's a hardware and software design.This system whose design is based on the power system characteristics uses DSP chip TMS320F2812 as the core of control circuit.The main control circuit and communication circuit of the hardware circuit are introduced particularly.This article also gives the function and implementation of the software and a typical flow chart of a certain processing.It has been proved in practical application that the use of the DSP chip simplifies the external circuitry,reduces power consumption and is able to make the system accomplish airplane power Built-in-test task reliably with high precision.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,065 |
Fabrication and Study of the Performance Characteristics of a Semi-automated Cablegation Irrigation System
|
An attempt has been made to study the performance of a cablegation irrigation system. Cablegation supplies the water through a multi-outlet pipeline, pipe being laid on a precise gradient, and discharge is controlled by a moving plug inside the pipeline. The cablegation system's efficiency on water front advance pattern along the furrow length and moisture storage distribution beneath the soil surface were studied for two different treatments and compared with the conventional flood irrigation. The graphical representation of water front advance and moisture distribution are given. The analysis revealed that system covered the entire furrow length within 49 minutes of advancement time whereas the conventional irrigation took an additional 2.39 minutes to cover the balance furrow length besides consuming 61.5 minutes of irrigation time to supply the total volume of water required per furrow. The moisture distribution was 20 per cent more than the continuous furrow.
|
Today, smart grid has been widely discussed in worldwide. As advanced metering infrastructure is one of main technologies of smart grid, its structure and functions of each component is represented. In terms of basic features of smart grid, some key capabilities that advanced metering infrastructure should possess are analyzed, and its impacts on power grid networks as well. Combining current research situation of power utility information acquisition system in china, this paper provides reference for building smart grid of user side on the basis of these preliminary analyses.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,068 |
AC and/or DC substantial power upgrading of existing OHTL corridors
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The ever increasing difficulty to find new right of ways (ROW) for the construction of overhead transmission lines (OHTL) is forcing the study of possible alternatives for substantial power upgrading of existing AC line corridors. One possible solution is to modify existing OHTLs without major new construction. The authors discuss the two main methods of modification. Conversion of both double circuit and single circuit HVAC lines to bipolar and monopolar lines respectively; and substitution of both double circuit and single circuit old HVAC lines with new compact EHV lines having horizontal V assemblies and with the possible reutilization of existing tower location. The upgrading possibility offered by the above methods is analyzed with due considerations to the various design criteria relevant to conductors, structural/insulation/losses/environmental effects.
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Aimed at the shortage of nearer covering distance,lower rate,lacking line-testing instrument in ADSL,an improved model about accessing network of ADSL2+ based on ATM core is brought forth in the paper.The principle and rationality of the model are analyzed,and the character is also discussed.At last,the application foreground of the technology is prospected.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,072 |
An Updated Model to Determine the Life Remaining of Transformer Insulation
|
Ageing rate of paper insulation used in power transformers Part 2: Oil/paper system with medium and high oxygen concentration
|
A field study of two online dry-out methods for power transformers
|
eng_Latn
| 795,113 |
Generalized perforating granuloma annulare.
|
Disorders of Transepidermal Elimination.
|
Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma: a multicenter study of 5 new cases and review of the 135 cases of the literature
|
eng_Latn
| 795,144 |
PULMONARY HYALINIZING GRANULOMA PRESENTING WITH HEMOPTYSIS AND HILAR MASS
|
Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma: a multicenter study of 5 new cases and review of the 135 cases of the literature
|
Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma: a multicenter study of 5 new cases and review of the 135 cases of the literature
|
yue_Hant
| 795,158 |
1976 Caldwell Lecture: varying manifestation of peripheral pulmonary neoplasms: a radiologic-pathologic correlative study.
|
Clinical and organizational factors in the initial evaluation of patients with lung cancer: Diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines.
|
Path collective variables without paths
|
eng_Latn
| 795,167 |
We report a rare pleural solitary fibrous tumor with bullae. Chest computed tomography showed a nodular lesion with bullae adjacent to the left diaphragm. Thoracoscopic resection followed by a pathology study showed that the tumor was a solitary fibrous tumor beside the visceral pleura. We suggest that the bullae containing dilated bronchioles were caused by a check-valve mechanism next to the microinvasive component in the solitary fibrous tumor.
|
Most localized fibrous tumors arise from the visceral pleura on a stalk and project into the pleural cavity in a pedunculated manner. The origin of the tumors is now believed not to be mesothelial but rather submesothelial, based on studies using conventional histology, immunohistochemistry, and ultrastructural analysis. While inward tumor growth into the lung parenchyma with attachment to the pleura is uncommon, the tumor with an entirely pulmonary location is extremely rare. We present here a rare case of entirely intrapulmonary localized fibrous tumor (ie, localized fibrous tumor of the lung), and we review the pertinent literature.
|
We prove that groups acting geometrically on delta-quasiconvex spaces contain no essential Baumslag-Solitar quotients as subgroups. This implies that they are translation discrete, meaning that the translation numbers of their nontorsion elements are bounded away from zero.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,173 |
Massive hemoptysis after aspiration of a toothpick.
|
A 42-year-old man presented with massive hemoptysis. His past medical history was significant for a bayonet injury to the left chest several years ago. A chest computed tomographic scan showed a radio-opaque foreign body in the left lower lobe. A left thoracotomy was performed because of unrelenting hemoptysis in association with a foreign body that could not be retrieved by bronchoscopy. At surgery, a toothpick covered with blood was retrieved from the left lower lobe bronchus. A left lower lobectomy was performed because a lung abscess was present. Postoperatively, the patient confirmed that 1 year prior he had fallen asleep with a toothpick in his mouth while intoxicated.
|
Background ::: The purpose of this study was to assess the need for a routine histopathologic examination of three common surgical specimens (appendix, gallbladder, hemorrhoid) and its impact on the further management of the patients.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,227 |
Study of SARS Transmission Via Liquid Droplets in Air
|
Microscale liquid droplets could act as the SARS carriers in air when released from an infected person through breathing, coughing, or sneezing. In this study, a dynamic model has been built to quantitatively investigate the effect of the relative humidity on the transport of liquid-droplets in air using coupled mass transfer and momentum equations. Under higher relative humidity, the exhaled liquid droplets evaporate slowly. Larger droplets fall faster, which could reduce the probability of the droplets inhalation. This may be one of the most important factors that influence the SARS transmission in air.
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【Objective】To explore clinical characteristics and treatment of the solitary fibrous tumor of pleura(SFTP).【Methods】Clinical records of 10 SFTP patients who had received surgical operation during the period of 2003 to 2009 in our hospital.【Results】All patients results were fine after operation,one patient had recurrence of lung.Immunohistochemical results showed that the CD34 and Vimentin were positive expression in all cases,the desmin was negative in all cases.【Conclusion】The surgical operation is the best method for SFTP currently.The immunohistochemical exam plays an important role in the diagnosis of SFTP.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,235 |
X-Ray Quiz: An Elderly Woman with Shortness of Breath
|
The case of a 69-year-old woman with shortness of breath who recently returned from Hong Kong is discussed to better understand the appropriate diagnosis and treatment for pulmonary embolism. The appropriate next-step investigation for the same is also highlighted.
|
A study was undertaken to detennine the point prevalence rates of major rheumatic disorders in Jammu (J&K). WHO-ILAR COPCORD CCQ (World Health Organisation-International League Against Rhewnatism Community Oriented PrograImne for the Control of Rhewnatic Diseases Core Questionnaire) was used followed by clinical eXaInination for the diagnostic purposes. About one-fourth of the population surveyed in this study had rhewnatic complaints. LBA was the most frequently encountered rheumatic ailment.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,250 |
Anomalous Orõgõn of the Left Pulmonary Artery from the Ascendõng Aorta wõth Pulmonary Atresõa õn a 13 Year-old Girl
|
Aim: We reported a rare case of an anomalous origin of the left pulmonary artery (AOLPA) from the ascending aorta associated with pulmonary atresia and right sided aortic arch diagnosed at a relatively late age. Case: 13 year-old girl presented to our pulmonology clinic with complaints of cough and dyspnea. On chest X-ray cardio thoracic ratio was increased and shadow of the arch was not seen on the left. On her echocardiography pulmonary arteries couldn't be demonstrated. Computed tomography
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Purpose:To describe corneal innervation and trigeminal alterations in drug-naive patients with Parkinson disease (PD).Methods:A case series study was conducted by recruiting 3 early drug-naive patients with PD, 2 men and 1 woman (age: 72, 68, and 66, respectively). Ophthalmologic assessment included
|
eng_Latn
| 795,252 |
Increased mortality in COPD among construction workers exposed to inorganic dust
|
The aim of this study was to find out if occupational exposure to dust, fumes or gases, especially among never-smokers, increased the mortality from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A ...
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All admissions with diagnosis of silicosis from 1980 to 2000, in the Occupational Medicine Division of Fondazione S. Maugeri, Cassano Murge (Bari), were examined. From 586 gathered medical records we selected 106 subjects with double admissions and detected their X-rays of chest, FVC and FEV1. The stationary results of their chest X-rays and the light declines of their respiratory functions confirm the slow evolution in time of this pathology.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,256 |
Lymphatic regeneration and pulmonary function in a model canine lung reimplant
|
A CANINE model lung reimplant was used to investigate the effect of pulmonary lymphatic regeneration on lung function in the early post-operative period. It was concluded that transient stenosis, due to oedema, at the bronchial suture line was an important factor in the depression of lung function. The time required ior dissipation of bronchial oedema coincided with pulmonary lymphatic regeneration.
|
The main purpose of this study was to measure and compare the effect of an unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and a bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) on overall speech intelligibility, nasalan
|
eng_Latn
| 795,258 |
Changing concepts of the mechanism of pulmonary atelectasis. A study of smooth muscle elements in the human lung.
|
This study is an attempt to challenge the generally accepted concept that the human lung is merely an elastic sponge with no musculature existing beyond the terminal bronchioles. Photomicrographs of human lung tissue taken in situ, and specifically stained, reveal minute smooth muscle fibers in the most distally located portion of the air passage including alveolar sacs. While such smooth muscle elements are present in the normal lung tissue, a marked increase of these structures is noted in the lungs of individuals with bronchitis, emphysema, and, particularly, pulmonary hypertension. The existence of alveolar musculature can explain the ability of the human lung to contract actively, as may be the case in nonobstructive pulmonary collapse or "contraction atelectasis."
|
By the methods of literature study and interview,the paper analyzes the characteristics and defects of the courses PE Health and PE Fitness in the first and second curriculum reforms in Shanghai and looks into the future tendencies of the school PE curriculum reforms in Shanghai.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,259 |
Irritant-Associated Vocal Cord Dysfunction
|
Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) is a poorly understood entity that is often misdiagnosed as asthma. We report eleven cases of VCD in which there was a temporal association between VCD onset and occupational or environmental exposure. We conducted a case-control study to determine if the characteristics
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ObjectivesLeriche syndrome, defined as a chronic obliteration of a segment of the infrarenal aorta and the iliac arteries, represents a challenging pathology. Surgical reconstruction represents the...
|
eng_Latn
| 795,269 |
is copd an identified risk factor
|
The main risk factor for COPD is smoking. Most people who have COPD smoke or used to smoke. People who have a family history of COPD are more likely to develop the disease if they smoke. Long-term exposure to other lung irritants also is a risk factor for COPD. Examples of other lung irritants include secondhand smoke, air pollution, and chemical fumes and dust from the environment or workplace.
|
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) remains a major public health problem. It is the fourth leading cause of chronic morbidity and mortality in the United States, and is projected to rank fifth in 2020 in burden of disease caused worldwide, according to a study published by the World Bank/World Health Organization.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,377 |
Increase in self-reported migraine prevalence in the Danish adult population: a prospective longitudinal population-based study
|
Does a History of Migraine Affect the Rate of Thrombolysis in Young Stroke Patients?
|
Intestinal Tumorigenesis Is Not Affected by Progesterone Signaling in Rodent Models
|
eng_Latn
| 795,571 |
Ibuprofen or acetaminophen for the acute treatment of migraine in children: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study.
|
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of paracetamol and ketoprofren lysine salt for pain control in children with pharyngotonsillitis cared by family pediatricians
|
Caffeine Accelerates Absorption and Enhances the Analgesic Effect of Acetaminophen
|
eng_Latn
| 795,578 |
Visual evoked potentials in migraine
|
Migraine is a chronic disorder. Visual symptoms and hypersensitivity to light stimuli are common. The aim of this study is the analysis of visual system in migraineurs by visual evoked potentials (VEP). We studied 53 migraineurs (21 with prophylactic migraine treatment and 32 without preventive therapy) and 20 healthy control subjects. We found lower P100 latencies in migraineurs without therapy compared to controls. In treated patients, P100 latencies showed the same trend seen in the control group. We speculate a different responsiveness of the visual system in migraineurs probably due to a dysmodulation of sensor input leading to facilitation of visual processing.
|
Abstract : The objectives of this report are 1. Production of an antiserum against melanopsin, a putative circadian photoreceptor, permitting analysis of its expression pattern in mammalian retina. 2. Heterologous expression of melanopsin using recombinant baculovirus for a first characterization of its biochemical properties.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,589 |
Surgery Helps Relieve Migraines
|
Surgical treatment of migraine reduced missed work days by 73 percent and significantly lowered the annual cost of migraine care for patients, according to a study in the
|
What's the best way to sue my neighbor? How big is Ho Chi Minh's mausoleum? Is surgery necessary to remove a bunion? Am I pregnant?
|
eng_Latn
| 795,599 |
i am getting one side head ache at my left side.i used many methods of treatment.please suggest any suitable medicine or treatment.
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I have migrane too, but I notice that when I didn't eat foe a long period with hard work, the migrane start so I atrat to laways eat and don't let my stomac empty at all, and i get a good result , whitch i get a migrane maximum two times per year only.\ni need from you to supervise exactly the situation when you get migrane for 2 - 3 and you can get the result of direct effect for at least 90 % of migrane case.because each body has a different carcterristic than the other.
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hello dear, try to divert your mind and develop some useful hobbies. Music is great. Listening to music whether it is Indian or Western is divine. Learn Yoga and practice it everyday. Spend your time, studying, playing, dancing and talk with your friends, go for some nice programmes etc. etc. You have plenty of time, why not spend it wonderfully. Nothing is wrong, but such activities will highly diminish your health. Rather, your valuable time, if spent usefully will give you lot of satisfaction and permanently healthy mind and body. Don't be sick, feel always healthy, keeping your mind and body clean always.
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eng_Latn
| 795,627 |
what does a muscle knot feel like
|
A trigger point is simply a small contraction knot in muscle. This knot feels like a pea buried deep in the muscle, and can feel as big as a thumb. It maintains a hard contraction on the muscle fibres connected to it, thus causing a tight band that can also be felt in the muscle.
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These are the most common type of headache. They can feel like pressing or a tight band around your head. Experts originally called it a tension headache because they thought that the muscles were tight or tense, says Jason Rosenberg, MD, director of Johns Hopkins Headache Center. It turned out that no study could prove that, and the muscles are actually not tight.. Experts now call them tension-type headaches.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,666 |
vitamin for migraine
|
In this latest study, vitamin B6, B12, and folic acid supplements were found to produce a two-fold reduction in migraines over a six-month period. Previous studies, such as a 2004 study in the European Journal of Neurology, have also reported that high doses of B2 (riboflavin) can help prevent migraine attacks.
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BY MOUTH 1 : For treating low levels of riboflavin (riboflavin deficiency) in adults: 5-30 mg of riboflavin (Vitamin B2) daily in divided doses. 2 For preventing migraine headaches: 400 mg of riboflavin (Vitamin B2) per day.3 It may take up to three months to get best results. For preventing cataracts: a daily dietary intake of approximately 2.6 mg of riboflavin (Vitamin B2) has been used. 2 A combination of 3 mg of riboflavin (Vitamin B2) plus 40 mg of niacin daily has also been used.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,713 |
does pregnancy cause headaches
|
During pregnancy, women can experience a range of symptoms. Headaches, particularly in the first and third trimester, are a common symptom during pregnancy. Hormones play a role in headaches. During pregnancy, levels of the hormone estrogen rise. The elevated estrogen can help relieve head pain some people who suffer from regular headaches. In others, the additional hormones and other changes can cause headaches during pregnancy. Most studies show that women who suffer from severe migraines find relief while pregnant. A 2002 Canadian study of 1,101 pregnant women, just 36 of them experienced headaches for the first time.
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Itâs fairly normal to get headaches when youâre pregnant, especially in the first trimester (NHS Choices 2015). Headaches in pregnancy tend to be either tension-type headaches or migraines (Bothamley and Boyle 2009, MacGregor 2012). Tension headaches won't affect your baby (MacGregor 2012, NHS Choices 2015). Your baby won't be harmed while you're having a migraine either. However, getting migraines during pregnancy is linked with an increased risk of high blood pressure and pre-eclampsia (MacGregor 2012, NICE 2014).
|
eng_Latn
| 795,758 |
my headache is killing me. i have no advil. i'm in school and can't leave. is there anything i can do to help it? =[[
|
Get someone to massage your upper back and into your neck and head. Or, go see a massage therapist. I get headaches that debilitate me, advil and drugs alike just cover up the symptoms, massage can get rid of the headache and help prevent more. There are at least 20 muscles that when they are under stress or being strained, like studying for school, refer pain to the head, resulting in mass headaches. Sometimes applying something like tigre balm to the neck muscles, front and back helps too.
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try lifting some weights or doing push ups to increase your arm strength. maybe if your arms get stronger you'll be able to push off harder instead of having your arms bend. weights and push ups may seem like a pain but it's better than risking a head or neck injury. good luck!!! =)
|
eng_Latn
| 795,768 |
how long can a migraine last
|
A typical migraine headache lasts less than 24 hours. Less commonly, a migraine can be as brief as 20 minutes or last for weeks. Generally, a migraine sufferer has headache-free periods between attacks. Tension-type headache can persist for days, weeks, or sometimes years. Cluster headaches are very intense but brief, usually lasting 30-90 minutes and repeating two to six times a day during a cluster episode.
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In a study by Dr. Terayama et al., researchers found that the duration of a migraine is one of the most important factors affecting quality of life for migraine sufferers. So how long does a migraine headache last? It could last anywhere between a half hour and several days, and it varies depending on several factors.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,785 |
Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for the treatment of headache pain: a pilot study.
|
The Pain Catastrophizing Scale: Development and Validation
|
Mindfulness: A proposed operational definition
|
eng_Latn
| 795,794 |
Microphone Transitions as a Gestural Practice in Dyadic Television Interviews
|
The main purpose of this research is to discuss the specificity of the microphone as a gestural tool through which the sequence organization of media two-party interviews is accomplished. The study focuses on the practical communicative problems of microphone operations in a media setting where the parties have alternating turns, and addresses the question of who of the participants speaks next and for how long. It is particularly concerned with investigating what the participating parties can do with the microphone, what it accomplishes, and how it is used as a tool for interaction with an audience. We particularly focus on how microphone moves can make use see how how people orient to emergent content structures in talk, and how microphone performs as a device for confirmation of verbal turns.
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The present invention relates to a method which permits circuit switched data communication equipment to be used in an access network like UTMS in an efficient way. The solution is based on the use of the upper layers from GSM together with the transport layers for UTMS speech.
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eng_Latn
| 795,820 |
C3I and the upper layers of the OSI
|
A broad range of civilian OSI application standards is emerging which are potential candidates for use in military C3I systems. The long term benefits of being able to use civilian standards in military C3I systems are such as to make it sensible to continue the process. This chapter develops some of themes in the context of the upper-layer standards. It also discusses the structure of the standards making up these layers of the architecture and their relevance to military C3I systems.
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Based on the study of SIP,the paper presents the overlay method to implement the mapping between SIP protocol state machine and IN call state model BCSM,and analyses the implementation concretely.The method has resolved the key technology in interworking of Internet and IN.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,822 |
Engineering Characteristics of Near-fault Vertical Ground Motions and Their Effect on the Seismic Response of Bridges
|
A wide variety of near-fault strong ground motion records were collected from various tectonic environments worldwide and were used to study the peak value ratio and response spectrum ratio of the vertical to horizontal component of ground motion, focusing on the effect of earthquake magnitude, site conditions, pulse duration, and statistical component. The results show that both the peak value ratio and response spectrum ratio are larger than the 2/3 value prescribed in existing seismic codes, and the relationship between the vertical and horizontal ground motions is comparatively intricate. In addition, the effect of the near-fault ground motions on bridge performance is analyzed, considering both the material nonlinear characteristics and the P∼Δ effect.
|
The challenge of new communication architectures is to offer QoS in Internet networks. This paper investigates the QoS aspects in the NGN (Next Generation Networks), and especially in the wireless networks. Voice and video multimedia applications will be developed and used when QoS mechanisms will exist. Therefore new functions must be developed to guarantee performance, offer security, avoid jitter and to allow the respect of real-time constraints.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,825 |
Experimental finding in implementing “CommRobot” - Comparing IMS and proprietary solution
|
In this paper we present the experimental findings in comparing standard IMS with proprietary non-IMS solution from the aspects of session control mechanisms and service management capabilities support in the context of providing automated converged services. The methodology used in the experimental study is via developing an automated converged communication service called CommRobot (Communication Robot) as the use case for comparison. The CommRobot use case is aimed to demonstrate the capability of enhancing user flexibility in choosing how and when services to be delivered regardless of access methods i.e. interfaces, devices or networks. Together with the comparison, we also present the experimented CommRobot test-bed, discussion of our findings and the challenges we identified in implementing the use case service using both standard IMS and non-IMS proprietary solutions.
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Introduces a remote data collection system based on power line carrier(PLC) and GPRS network communication.The system can collect the electrical data in time and exactly and the system use several different communication techniques such as PLC and GPRS to optimize the resource of system.This paper also introduces the elements,structures and work processes of the system.Finally,the security measures and upgrade performances are discussed.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,835 |
Heterogeneous real-time services in high-performance system area networks - application demands and case study definitions
|
To be able to verify the feasibility of high-performance networks, it is essential to evaluate them according to specific application requirements. At the same time, specifications of quite general ...
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In one embodiment, a server providing an on-line service identifies a change associated with a mobile computing device of a user of the on-line service, the on-line service being accessible to the user through a website hosted by the system; the server also in response to the change and without manual user input from the user, modifies aspects of web pages of the website that are associated with use of the on-line service by the user.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,844 |
Research on the Signal Transmitting Device for Downhole Wireless Electromagnetic Short Transmission System
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On the basis of ground simulation test platform for downhole data wireless electromagnetic short-distance transmission,the test of signal transmission amplitude-frequency property was completed. It was determined that the frequency band of 1 ~ 7 kHz is the band in which signal transmission is relatively stable and the attenuation is slight. Meanwhile,it was found that signal transmission through amplitude modulation is liable to external disturbance and thus of remarkable fluctuation. Finally,the new scheme of transmitting signals through frequency modulation was determined. The signal transmitting device was designed according to the two schemes which were based on function generator ICL8038 and microcontroller respectively. The calibration test was completed. The test findings show that the designed signal transmitter operates stably,with a precise collection of data. This research has laid a solid foundation for the further study of downhole data wireless electromagnetic short transmission system.
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Connecting people across the Digital Divide is as much a social effort as a technological one. We are developing a community-centered approach to learn how interaction techniques can compensate for poor communication across the Digital Divide. We have incorporated the lessons learnt regarding Social Intelligence Design in an (abstract) device called the SoftBridge. The device allows information to flow from endpoints through adapters (getting converted if necessary), and out to destination endpoints. Field trials are underway with two communities in South Africa, disadvantaged deaf users and an isolated rural community. First lessons learned show that we have to design user interfaces that allow users to understand and cope with delay (latency) as a necessary consequence of our approach.
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eng_Latn
| 795,845 |
Background Noise Influence on VoIP Traffic Profile
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Modern audio codecs used in VoIP can improve the listening quality by transmitting the main characteristics of the background noise signal during the silence periods. This traffic has been traditionally neglected in the codec mean bit-rate estimation. Nevertheless, when considering an IP environment, the packet overhead increases significantly the required mean transmission bit-rate. Hence, the transmission of the background noise signal can result into either a poor network resource dimensioning in network planning or in the violation of the SLA traffic specifications in a DiffServ scenario.
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Based on the study of SIP,the paper presents the overlay method to implement the mapping between SIP protocol state machine and IN call state model BCSM,and analyses the implementation concretely.The method has resolved the key technology in interworking of Internet and IN.
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eng_Latn
| 795,846 |
Personal communications-towards the third generation
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The development of the DCS1800 standard will allow the introduction of a personal communication networks with attributes giving mass market appeal. This is achieved by offering enhanced second generation system capability. Due consideration of all issues affecting evolution should enable third generation personal communications to gain the greatest possible benefits from GSM and DCS1800 systems. >
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This is a phenomenological study of the communication processes around quality in a symphony chorus, addressing the research question, How do the communication processes in which organizational mem...
|
eng_Latn
| 795,871 |
The study of SC-FDE in HF communication
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This paper presents SC-FDE implementation in HF communication.We introduce the basic theory of SC-FDE,and analyze the problems of PAR,frequency shift,computation complexity about SC-FDE.At last,we simulate the performance of SC-FDE in HF channel.The study shows that SC-FDE is a HF waveform design method equivalent to OFDM and has good future.
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The similarity and difference of regional distributions between management science publication and NSFC's management science fund are compared. Two scientometric models rank-frequency distribution and concentration measurement are used to show whether or not the amount of grants awarded to different provinces by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) match with the research capacity of given provinces as indicated by its management science publication
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eng_Latn
| 795,876 |
Design and realization of educational TV station system of campus network based on streaming media technology
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Combined with the practice of development and application, according to the relevant principles of streaming media technology, this article builds a educational TV station system of campus network, including network broadcast part and video on demand part, introduces how it works and discusses the key technology of the system. The experimental results show that this system works well in processing smoothly and is quick to response to users' interaction.
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Abstract : Over the past five decades, several disparate organizations within DoD have established over 130 separate programs that improve the quantity and quality of professional scientists and engineers in the United States. The programs range from pre-college through postdoctoral education and are generally conducted on a decentralized, independent basis. Are they doing well? What attributes accompany the best programs? What can and should be done to improve the programs? This study selected 32 programs representing all levels of education and major sponsoring organizations. All programs were visited and assessed using a standard rating instrument designed for the project. The resulting analysis produced recommendations for five broad, complementary actions by OSD. The actions were intended to encourage institutional programs to take on the characteristics of the most successful programs and to establish coordination and guidance mechanisms without imposing undue regulation and needless control.
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eng_Latn
| 795,879 |
The information that receivers extract from alarm calls in suricates
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Field observations and acoustic analyses have shown that suricate (Suricata suricatta) alarm calls vary in their acoustic structure depending on predator type. In this study, we tested whether receivers respond appropriately when hearing a call in the absence of a predator. Although the only way for suricates to escape from predators is to retreat to boltholes, responses to playbacks could be divided into distinct categories. The subjects responded differently to alarm calls given in response to aerial or terrestrial predators and to recruitment calls emitted in response to snakes and deposits on the ground. Suricates also showed rather distinct responses to low, medium and high urgency aerial calls. Differences in the responses were less obvious for different levels of urgency in the terrestrial and recruitment calls. Suricate receivers thus gain information about both the predator type and level of urgency from the acoustic structures of their calls.
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The invention provids a communication method, apparatus and system. The delivery source address registered in the delivery source address registration area 142 is a delivery source address corresponding to information delivered. The delivery source address corresponding to the general RSS information is registered and and a PC (10) also can obtain the RSS information (D1) for the client corresponding to a RSS reader (141) used in the PC (10).
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eng_Latn
| 795,895 |
Separation and Reconstruction Method of Mixed and Long Duration Communication Signals
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In radio communication system,the mixed and long duration communication signals are split in time and separated block by block in the receiver.But the inherent uncertainty of separation causes the problem that the separated signals at adjacent blocks are not completely the same in permutation,amplitude and phase,which results in incorrect connection when the separated signals at adjacent blocks are tied together.To solve this problem,a separation and reconstruction method was proposed.Simulation experiments were designed to prove the method’s performance,which shows that,compared with the method based on associativity in column vectors of an estimated mixed matrix in [9],the proposed method has better performance.
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Abstract : Volume I contains sufficient background material to put the work in perspective, summarizes the methodology used, and presents the study findings and implications for effective automation, as well as quantative capacity estimates and predictions. The methodology is based on a technique called the Relative Capacity Estimating Process (RECEP), developed to assess the implications of controller judgmental factors and decision processes for attainable capacity at several levels of automation. RECEP incorporates a technique of sector operational measurement that includes video recording and structured controller interviews. The technique has been applied to various types of transition, terminal interface, and en route sector operations in several FAA facilities. Results obtained include capacity estimates, for each of the airspace sectors studied, as operated at present and at several future levels of automation.
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eng_Latn
| 795,908 |
A study of selfadaptive transmission for integrated voice and data services over an IEEE 802.11 WLAN
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The IEEE 802.11 standard MAC is a hybrid protocol of random access and polling when both DCF (distributed coordination function) and PCF (point coordination function) are used. On the base of the performance analysis of the MAC protocol for integrated data and voice transmission by simulation, this paper puts forward a selfadaptive transmission scheme to support multiservice over the IEEE 802.11 WLAN. The simulation results show that, on the premise of satisfying the maximum allowable delay of packet voice, the self-adaptive transmission scheme can improve the data traffic performance and increase the WLAN capacity through dynamic and appropriate adjustment of the protocol parameters. Especially, the scheme is easy to be realized for no change in the MAC protocol is needed.
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Adaptation of the coefficients of an equalizer usually takes place in the decision directed mode. The decision used for adaptation has a profound influence on the performance of the equalizer. In this work, we consider the influence of the probabilistic model used by a soft information decision device on the performance of the equalizer. It is shown that the equalizer output is distributed as a Gaussian Mixture, and these statistics are used to form a soft-decision device. We show that this is very near optimal in the sense of the Recursive Expected Least Squares algorithm introduced in prior work. Sub-optimal decision devices that are often more practical are also introduced and the loss of performance as a result of using these is considered.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,910 |
Does Bidirectional Traffic Do More Harm Than Good in LoRaWAN Based LPWA Networks?
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Low Power Wide Area Networks: An Overview
|
psychometric properties of the portuguese version of the acceptance and action questionnaire - trauma specific ( aaq - ts ) : a study with portuguese colonial war veterans .
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eng_Latn
| 795,923 |
A real-time COFDM transmission system based on the GNU radio: USRP N210 platform
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Experimental study of OFDM implementation utilizing GNU Radio and USRP - SDR
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earnings management , stock issues , and shareholder lawsuits $ .
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eng_Latn
| 795,926 |
A comparative analysis of speech rate and perception in radio bulletins
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Speech rate is one of the most important elements in a news presentation, e specially on radio, a sound medium. Accordingly, this study seeks to compare broadcasters’ speech rate and the number of pauses in 40 news bulletins from the BBC (United Kingdom), Radio France (France), RAI (Italy), and RNE (Spain). Most authors addressing the medium of radio recommend a speech rate of between 160 and 180 words per minute (wpm). If this rate is considered, only one radio station, BBC, would be within the suitable limits. Instead, higher speeds and fewer pauses have been identified in the RAI and RNE bulletins. The second part of this study attempts to analyze whether perception in the news can be affected by different speech rates. The findings indicate that the extent to which the individuals surveyed experience subjective assessment varies according to the speech rate.
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File sharing networks are one of the most popular Internet applications nowadays. Despite its success, these networks have two main issues: the ineffectiveness in downloading content that few users in the network have and the high incidence of getting files different from the ones the user supposed to ask for. This paper presents new mechanisms for indexing and segmentation of audio content, aiming to improve the user experience when facing the problems previously mentioned. Our proposal has been validated through tests, with good results in comparison with the approach used by popular file sharing applications.
|
eng_Latn
| 795,938 |
A study on the fast system recovery: Selecting the number of surrogate nodes for fast recovery in industrial IoT environment
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This paper is based on the previous research that selects the proper surrogate nodes for fast recovery mechanism in industrial IoT (Internet of Things) Environment which uses a variety of sensors to collect the data and exchange the collected data in real-time for creating added value. We are going to suggest the way that how to decide the number of surrogate node automatically in different deployed industrial IoT Environment so that minimize the system recovery time when the central server likes IoT gateway is in failure. We are going to use the network simulator to measure the recovery time depending on the number of the selected surrogate nodes according to the sub-devices which are connected to the IoT gateway.
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Video signals may be distorted during communication due to channel noises.Error control methods are needed to ensure the quality.Traditional schemes treat video as ordinary bit streams,ignoring the underlying content of the video.A content-aware error control scheme proposed in this paper uses content feature to classify the content of video into a set of unit classes,and associate each unit class with representative error control approaches.Experiment results show that using this error control schemes during error resilience process,the bandwidth can be utilized efficiently,and Focus Of Attention(FOA) can be protected,the reconstructed video can satisfy the user's demand of information maximally at the cost of minim resources.
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eng_Latn
| 795,955 |
LFA549A Personal Rapid Transit Technology— Opportunities for Airport Passenger Terminal Facility Planning
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Personal rapid transit (PRT) technology provides the capability for airport operators to improve the level of service for passengers within the airport terminal environment and to influence passenger terminal planning in general. This paper addresses conceptual planning issues related to PRT technology in terms of passenger access throughout airport passenger terminal facilities. The PRT technology considered in this study consists of a fully automated system, providing nonstop, point-to-point travel in vehicles that carry up to four people on a dedicated guideway.
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Introduced a new method that can realize the serial communication bettween OMRON's PLC and PC under the intgrated development environment of Delphi.Applying the method to the development and research of the virtual elevator control system,have realized the information exchange between PLC and virtual evevator control system.
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eng_Latn
| 795,965 |
Configuration and control of the ATLAS trigger and data acquisition
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ATLAS is a general purpose experiment aimed at studying high-energy particle interactions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This paper describes the evolution of the Controls and Configuration system of the ATLAS Trigger and Data Acquisition from the Technical Design Report to the first events taken with circulating beams. We present the lessons learned during the development.
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- Live Trial needs a lot of preparation and coordination with all stakeholders compared to real time simulation - An increase in situation awareness but also an increase in workload, a training effect is an important explanation but the use of new system can increase the ATCOs workload - AGL automatic switching of single lamp is the best solution to avoid segments issues faced at RIGA - D-TAXI transmission technology using 4G airport network can be a better solution than ATN for the issue of delay of transmission (security issue are also tackled by the use of new technology) - ATCOs think that D-TAXI can reduce situation awareness but associated with AGL, the global situation awareness can be improved - Using D-TAXI and AGL can improve safety at airport
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eng_Latn
| 795,976 |
The CMS Event Builder Demonstrator and Results with Ethernet and Myrinet Switch Technologies
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The data acquisition system for the CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will require a large and high performance event building network.Several architectures and swithch technologies are currently being evaluated.This paper describes demonstrators which have been set up to study a small-scale event builder based on PCs emulating high performance sources and sinks connected via Ethernet or Myrinet switches.Results from ongoing studies,including measurements on throughput and scaling,are presented.
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Introduced a new method that can realize the serial communication bettween OMRON's PLC and PC under the intgrated development environment of Delphi.Applying the method to the development and research of the virtual elevator control system,have realized the information exchange between PLC and virtual evevator control system.
|
eng_Latn
| 796,018 |
Analysis of Social and Emotional Development of Orphaned Youth in terms of Self Concept and Resilience: Study at Child Care Children's Home (PSAA) Tunas Bangsa Pati
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The purpose of this study is to describe the development of the Young Social and Emotional Self-concept and in terms of resilience in the PSAA Tunas Bangsa Pati. The method used is descriptive research with development studies dab types of data obtained will be analyzed by the cross sectional method. The results showed that the concept of self-possessed teenager PSAA is not good, it can be seen from the description of several indicators of self-concept which suggests that adolescents assessment of him is not good because many feel insecure and feel inferior. Viewed from the aspect of resilience, generally adolescents PSAA good enough. It can be seen from the emotion management capabilities of any events that are considered less fun in.
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Context-aware computing is emerging as a promising technology for mobile and pervasive environments. Unfortunately, complex context-aware applications are still hard to build. In this paper, we describe an 802.11 based indoor context-aware system used in hospital. Our objective is to empower mobile devices to recognize the context in which hospital workers perform their tasks. This system is an accessory of the management system in the hospital, and it can add Context-aware ability to the existing system by providing Context-aware communications. In our work, we use BAFO (Be Away From Obstacles) algorithm to deploy APs (Access Points), and use a Received Signal Strength (RSS) based Algorithm MNNSS (Modified Nearest Neighbor in Signal Space) to position mobile terminals, then describe the implementation of this multi-agent based system
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eng_Latn
| 796,019 |
What is one disadvantage of using the H.323 technique?
|
Some systems are capable of multipoint conferencing with no MCU, stand-alone, embedded or otherwise. These use a standards-based H.323 technique known as "decentralized multipoint", where each station in a multipoint call exchanges video and audio directly with the other stations with no central "manager" or other bottleneck. The advantages of this technique are that the video and audio will generally be of higher quality because they don't have to be relayed through a central point. Also, users can make ad-hoc multipoint calls without any concern for the availability or control of an MCU. This added convenience and quality comes at the expense of some increased network bandwidth, because every station must transmit to every other station directly.
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According to a study done by Helmut Fend (who had always been a fierce proponent of comprehensive schools) revealed that comprehensive schools do not help working class students. He compared alumni of the tripartite system to alumni of comprehensive schools. While working class alumni of comprehensive schools were awarded better school diplomas at age 35, they held similar occupational positions as working class alumni of the tripartite system and were as unlikely to graduate from college.
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eng_Latn
| 796,078 |
TSimNet: An Industrial Time Sensitive Networking Simulation Framework Based on OMNeT++
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A performance study of Ethernet Audio Video Bridging (AVB) for Industrial real-time communication
|
Entity-Centric Coreference Resolution with Model Stacking
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eng_Latn
| 796,126 |
factors affecting corporate social responsibility : an empirical study .
|
corporate social responsibility : strategic implications * .
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Anti-Sweep Jamming Design and Implementation Using Multi-Channel Harmonic Timing Sequence Detection for Short-Range FMCW Proximity Sensors
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eng_Latn
| 796,201 |
Clincal observatain of naloxone in treating acute alcoholism
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Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of Naloxone in treating acute alcoholism.Methods 60 cases of acute alcoholism were randomly divided into the experimental group(n = 30) and the control group(n = 30).Patients in the experimentalgroup were treated with Naloxone,and patients in the other group were treated with conventianonal therapy, including fluid replacement plus diuretic agent.The time of regaining consciousness in each group were noted.Results The time of regaining consciousness was shorter in the Naloxone treatment group than that in control group,obviously(P 0.01).And no abverse event occurred.Conclusion Naloxone could be widely used in treating acute alcoholism,with good curative effect and safety.
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In a prospective study at an emergency department in Australia, researchers evaluated the effect on time to analgesia of requiring triage nurses to
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eng_Latn
| 796,395 |
how long does it take to detox
|
Anesthesia-assisted rapid detox is rapid detox (described above) that occurs while under general anesthesia. While this method of detox is ultra rapid â with physical elimination of the drug from the body in as little as 4 to 8 hours â it is also highly risky. As many as 8.6% of subjects who underwent anesthesia-assisted rapid detox in one study either developed cardiac arrest or died.5.
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It is important to keep in mind that detox is just the initial step on the long road of recovery. Detox marks the abrupt ending of alcohol intake and is necessary for the body to cleanse itself of all traces of alcohol. The detox process usually takes seven to 10 days. Rehab programs, however, usually last a minimum of 30 to 45 days.
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eng_Latn
| 796,437 |
how long does change a behavior
|
Once you've practiced the new behavior for six months, you're in the maintenance stage. Now your focus shifts to integrating the change into your life and preventing relapse. That may require other changes, especially avoiding situations or triggers associated with the old habit.
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On average, it takes more than 2 months before a new behavior becomes automatic â 66 days to be exact. And how long it takes a new habit to form can vary widely depending on the behavior, the person, and the circumstances. In Lallyâs study, it took anywhere from 18 days to 254 days for people to form a new habit. In other words, if you want to set your expectations appropriately, the truth is that it will probably take you anywhere from two months to eight months to build a new behavior into your life â not 21 days.
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eng_Latn
| 796,496 |
how long to break habit
|
If you've ever tried to break any habit at all, you can get a good feel for the reality of the 21-day rule by examining the following statement made by the Self Improvement Mentor:. [â¦] complete abstinence of a habit for 21 to 30 days will be enough to break it.
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The bottom line is: stay strong. 21 days is a myth; habit formation typically takes longer than that. The best estimate is 66 days, but itâs unwise to attempt to assign a number to this process. The duration of habit formation is likely to differ depending on who you are and what you are trying to do.â¦] A recent scientific study by the University College London shows that it takes longer than 21 days for a habit to form. The number of days necessary to form a habit is closer to 60 days. However, that is an estimate and it may take more or less days depending on the activity and the person.
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eng_Latn
| 796,497 |
how long does it take for a behavior to become a habit
|
No reward of any kind was offered as an incentive for repeating the behavior. Subjects chose actions like running 15 minutes before dinner, eating a piece of fruit with lunch, or meditating. The median length of time it took for a habit to become automatic was 66 days. The range, however, was 18 to 254 days for the habit to be established. In fact, about half of the subjects did not perform their chosen action consistently enough to create a habit. Interestingly, increased repetition of an action does not always yield stronger habits.
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On average, it takes more than 2 months before a new behavior becomes automatic â 66 days to be exact. And how long it takes a new habit to form can vary widely depending on the behavior, the person, and the circumstances.In Lallyâs study, it took anywhere from 18 days to 254 days for people to form a new habit.[1].here to Go From Here. At the end of the day, how long it takes to form a particular habit doesnât really matter that much. Whether it takes 50 days or 500 days, you have to put in the work either way. The only way to get to Day 500 is to start with Day 1.
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eng_Latn
| 796,499 |
how many times to do something before habit
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Although the average was 66 days, there was marked variation in how long habits took to form, anywhere from 18 days up to 254 days in the habits examined in this study.
|
On average, it takes more than two months before a new behavior becomes automatic -- 66 days to be exact. And how long it takes a new habit to form can vary widely depending on the behavior, the person, and the circumstances.In Lally's study, it took anywhere from 18 days to 254 days for people to form a new habit.here to Go From Here. At the end of the day, how long it takes to form a particular habit doesn't really matter that much. Whether it takes 50 days or 500 days, you have to put in the work either way. The only way to get to Day 500 is to start with Day 1. So forget about the number and focus on doing the work.
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eng_Latn
| 796,500 |
how long does a habit take to form
|
On average it took 66 days for the participants to start a habit. (Thatâs March 6 if you are attempting a New Yearâs resolution). Another interesting result of the study was the amount of variation. Even though 66 days was average, the number of days for habit formation varied wildly from 18 days to 254 days. So, there really isnât a magic number, just an average. There was also variation in how strong the habit became, based mostly on the type of habit.
|
How Long Does It Take to Develop a New Habit? 66 Days, Says Science (Or, Debunking the 21 Day Myth) It may be pretty common not to keep your New Yearâs Resolution â but if you do want to make it stick, youâll want to read this: According to science, it takes about 66 days to form a new habit.
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eng_Latn
| 796,503 |
how many days to teach a dog a new habit
|
When it comes to marketing your brand, thereâs a lot you can learn from Fido. For 10 months, my dog Layla and I had some serious communication issues. Iâd say âstay,â and sheâd trot toward me for a treat. Iâd say âjump,â and sheâd hit the floor, legs splayed. If I wanted her to nibble playfully at my hand, you can bet sheâd decide to walk next to my knee in a dignified manner.
|
On average, it takes more than 2 months before a new behavior becomes automatic â 66 days to be exact. And how long it takes a new habit to form can vary widely depending on the behavior, the person, and the circumstances.In Lallyâs study, it took anywhere from 18 days to 254 days for people to form a new habit.[1].n average, it takes more than 2 months before a new behavior becomes automatic â 66 days to be exact. And how long it takes a new habit to form can vary widely depending on the behavior, the person, and the circumstances. In Lallyâs study, it took anywhere from 18 days to 254 days for people to form a new habit. [1].
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eng_Latn
| 796,504 |
Linear Submodular Bandits and their Application to Diversified Retrieval
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Diversified retrieval and online learning are two core research areas in the design of modern information retrieval systems. In this paper, we propose the linear sub-modular bandits problem, which is an online learning setting for optimizing a general class of feature-rich submodular utility models for diversified retrieval. We present an algorithm, called LSBGREEDY, and prove that it efficiently converges to a near-optimal model. As a case study, we applied our approach to the setting of personalized news recommendation, where the system must recommend small sets of news articles selected from tens of thousands of available articles each day. In a live user study, we found that LSBGREEDY significantly outperforms existing online learning approaches.
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In this article, we study nonsmooth convex minimax programming problems with cone constraint and abstract constraint. Our aim is to develop sequential Lagrange multiplier rules for this class of problems in the absence of any constraint qualification. These rules are obtained in terms of ∊-subdifferentials of the functions. As an application of these rules, a sequential dual is proposed and sequential duality results are presented.
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eng_Latn
| 796,519 |
ON THE MODIFIED LOGISTIC EQUATION
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A simple slow-fast system based on the logistic equation for which the exact solution is known, is considered here. We are especially interested in the lift-off point i.e. the point where the solution suddenly leaves the unstable slow manifold after being exponentially close to it for quite some time. Sharp estimates of this point are given. Also a slightly modified system is considered which has a periodic solution of canard type. The explicit expression of this periodic solution is given as well as estimates of its lift-off point. This type of equation can be valuable in modeling population dynamics. Lift-off points can then be used to predict outbreaks of epidemics, which nowadays is an important item in our society.
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Diversified retrieval and online learning are two core research areas in the design of modern information retrieval systems. In this paper, we propose the linear sub-modular bandits problem, which is an online learning setting for optimizing a general class of feature-rich submodular utility models for diversified retrieval. We present an algorithm, called LSBGREEDY, and prove that it efficiently converges to a near-optimal model. As a case study, we applied our approach to the setting of personalized news recommendation, where the system must recommend small sets of news articles selected from tens of thousands of available articles each day. In a live user study, we found that LSBGREEDY significantly outperforms existing online learning approaches.
|
yue_Hant
| 796,520 |
Adaptive Lifting Scheme Based on Orthogonal Polynomials
|
To determine the prediction and updated parameters of lifting scheme,this paper takes the sum of squared detail components as an objective function,and designs predictors based on orthogonal polynomial,so that the prediction parameter can represent the features of the given data.An optimal predictor and an optimal updater are chosen for the transforming sample according to the magnitude of the correlation factors,so the lifting scheme can fit the change of original signal better.The theory and simulation results demonstrate that the filtering performance of adaptive lifting scheme based on orthogonal polynomials is better than that based on general fitting method and traditional wavelet db5,especially with low signal-to-noise ratio.
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Diversified retrieval and online learning are two core research areas in the design of modern information retrieval systems. In this paper, we propose the linear sub-modular bandits problem, which is an online learning setting for optimizing a general class of feature-rich submodular utility models for diversified retrieval. We present an algorithm, called LSBGREEDY, and prove that it efficiently converges to a near-optimal model. As a case study, we applied our approach to the setting of personalized news recommendation, where the system must recommend small sets of news articles selected from tens of thousands of available articles each day. In a live user study, we found that LSBGREEDY significantly outperforms existing online learning approaches.
|
eng_Latn
| 796,521 |
Maximizing proportions of correct classifications in binary logistic regression
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In this paper, we give simple mathematical results that allow us to get all cut-off points that maximize the overall proportion of correct classifications in any binary classification method (and, in particular, in binary logistic regression). In addition, we give results that allow us to get all cut-off points that maximize a weighted combination of specificity and sensitivity. In addition, we discuss measures of association between predicted probabilities and observed responses, and, in particular, we discuss the calculation of the overall percentages of concordant, discordant, and tied pairs of input observations with different responses. We mention that the calculation of these quantities by SAS and Minitab is sometimes incorrect. The concepts and methods of the paper are illustrated by a hypothetical example of school retention data.
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Diversified retrieval and online learning are two core research areas in the design of modern information retrieval systems. In this paper, we propose the linear sub-modular bandits problem, which is an online learning setting for optimizing a general class of feature-rich submodular utility models for diversified retrieval. We present an algorithm, called LSBGREEDY, and prove that it efficiently converges to a near-optimal model. As a case study, we applied our approach to the setting of personalized news recommendation, where the system must recommend small sets of news articles selected from tens of thousands of available articles each day. In a live user study, we found that LSBGREEDY significantly outperforms existing online learning approaches.
|
eng_Latn
| 796,523 |
Intelligent stock data prediction using predictive data mining techniques
|
An extensive empirical study of feature selection metrics for text classification
|
Online Expectation-Maximization for Click Models
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eng_Latn
| 796,550 |
Model Ensemble for Click Prediction in Bing Search Ads
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XGBoost: A Scalable Tree Boosting System
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Associations between serum potassium and sodium levels and risk of hypertension: a community-based cohort study
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eng_Latn
| 796,585 |
Forecasting user visits for online display advertising
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Predicting clicks: estimating the click-through rate for new ads
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improved vo2max and time trial performance with more high aerobic intensity interval training and reduced training volume : a case study on an elite national cyclist .
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eng_Latn
| 796,612 |
Online Decision Making with High-Dimensional Covariates
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Contextual Bandits with Linear Payoff Functions
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AR/sup 2/Hockey: a case study of collaborative augmented reality
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eng_Latn
| 796,629 |
Screening for Familial Mediterranean Fever M694V and V726A mutations in the Greek population.
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Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease that primarily affects populations surrounding the Mediterranean basin. FMF patients suffer from recurrent episodes of f...
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This study investigates union formation and dissolution among immigrants and their descendants in four European countries with different migration histories and family patterns (United Kingdom, France, Spain, and Estonia). Although there is a growing body of literature on migrant families in Europe, there is still little comparative research on partnership dynamics among immigrants and their descendants. We apply event history analysis to pooled data from the four countries. The analysis shows a significant variation in partnership patterns across migrant groups in some countries (e.g., South Asians vs. Caribbeans in the United Kingdom) and similar partnership behaviour for some migrant groups in different countries (e.g., South Asians in the United Kingdom and immigrants from Turkey in France). Descendants of immigrants often exhibit partnership patterns that are similar to those of their parents' generation. The country context matters; specific patterns are observed for Spain and Estonia.
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eng_Latn
| 796,890 |
The Purpose of Studying Eskimos and their Population Systems
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Discusses the intensive and long-term study of Eskimos in the International Biological Program to center on Wainwright in Alaska, Igloolik in Canada, and Upernavik in Greenland, with related communities as necessary for various sample and interpretative requirements. The unique value of this people for study lies in their complex population system composed of ever more inclusive units ranging from tiny villages to the largest unit, the entire people. Thus traits and processes at the cellular and individual level and at the interpopulation level of organization can be studied simultaneously. Neither the people nor the environment is homogeneous. The genetic variation is assessable and it is contained within a definable population system or systems. In the course of their expansion, they have performed a series of experiments in human adaptability, both genetic and physiologic.
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The main research question considered in this article is the relative prominence of social equity among public administration curricula via an examination of program mission. It has long been asser...
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eng_Latn
| 796,893 |
Human populations : diversity and adaptation
|
As so much of human history is the history of population migrations, all the world's populations interact at the genetic, morphological and cultural levels. In the nineteenth century, populations were placed on a scale from 'primitive' to 'advanced'. With the impact of Darwinism, processes of natural selection were sought that might be capable of explaining physical inter-population differences. Continued study of population genetics has led to the discovery of the selective advantages of particular genes, together with an understanding that not all genetic differences are the product of natural selection, but that neutral processes operate as well. This is an exploration of aspects of human diversity and the ways in which human populations adapt to their environments.
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SUMMARY ::: ::: The conditions of stability for a set of alleles under selection are discussed with special reference to the cases where homozygotes are disadvantageous. The concrete example of alleles which produce different haemoglobins is considered.
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eng_Latn
| 796,894 |
MACRO-DEMOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF THE GREAT MIGRATION. THE
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The modern man inhabits all of the regions of the planet since 13 millennia ago at least. According to the Out of Africa Model, the man used about of 87,000 years in completing this process, and did it without interbreeding with the man’s another descendants. However, the demographic evolution of the human societies during the Pleistocene would be able to contradict this hypothesis.
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EDITOR—I agree with Treasure and MacRae that the greatest determinant of the power of a study is its design.1 Minimisation improves power by comparing similar groups but there is a similar technique—randomised block design—which has even more power.2 ::: ::: In …
|
yue_Hant
| 796,895 |
TOWARDS A DARWINIAN BIOSEMIOTICS. LIFE AS MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING
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Contemporary understanding of the evolution of life prefers the existence of mutually isolated lineages which are indifferent to each other, and are interconnected only through their common descent. We argue that a necessary precondition for biosemiotics is communication between all coevals sharing the biosphere. It will embrace mutual custody of existing communication pathways and codes, and of common evolutionary heritage
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Thank you for downloading the evolution of modern human diversity a study of cranial variation. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search numerous times for their favorite readings like this the evolution of modern human diversity a study of cranial variation, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some malicious virus inside their computer.
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yue_Hant
| 796,899 |
while exploratory case study sites should bracket the diversity that is likely to be encountered in the program, population, and setting of a larger study.
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It is possible to predict the type of diversity that will be faced.
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It is unimportant to categorize diversity types.
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eng_Latn
| 796,905 |
Relating demographers' measures of various population characteristics (size, growth/decline, density, age/sex structures, migration, et cetera) to measures of well-being recently developed within the social indicators movement promises to provide new knowledge about the linkage of population and well-being that can enhance decision making about important population issues.
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In this paper however the focus is entirely on one set of such factors those associated with changing family patterns. I shall try to show generally that variations in aggregate intelligence scores are closely associated with variations in patterns of family configuration and that these aggregate family factors are deeply implicated in the declining SAT scores as a special case of a general phenomenon that manifests itself also in a variety of national ethnic regional racial and sex differences in intellectual test performance. For the purpose of this argument I will first summarize a recent theoretical analysis that specifies the conditions under which family configuration may foster or impede intellectual growth. I will then examine some relevant empirical findings and finally return to the special case of the SATs. (excerpt)
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Summary ::: Although depression has been associated to worst bone physical properties in adulthood, this study showed that depressive symptoms were not significantly associated to bone mineral density measured at the forearm during adolescence.
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eng_Latn
| 796,909 |
Characterization of a Common Susceptibility Locus for Asthma-Related Traits
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Laitinen T, Polvi A, Rydman P, et al. Science . 2004;304(5668):300–304 ::: ::: Susceptibility to asthma is known to be hereditary, but the specific genes that determine the risk for asthma are not understood completely. ::: ::: The initial studies were conducted on a geographically isolated cohort in northern Finland, and the genetic associations were then confirmed in a separate cohort from Quebec. Finally, a mouse …
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Background ::: The consequences of land use changes are among the most cited causes of emerging infectious diseases because they can modify the ecology and transmission of pathogens. This is particularly true for vector-borne diseases which depend on abiotic (e.g. climate) and biotic conditions (i.e. hosts and vectors). In this study, we investigated how landscape features affect the abundances of small mammals and Ixodes ricinus ticks, and how they influence their relationship.
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eng_Latn
| 796,917 |
High altitude may have driven short stature in Peruvians.
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Hundreds of genes influence how tall a person is, but most make an imperceptible difference—perhaps a millimeter, for example. Now, a group studying the genetics of Peruvians, one of the world9s shorter populations, has turned up a gene variant that cuts a person9s height by more than 2 centimeters on average. The finding came out of tuberculosis study of 4000 residents of Lima wherein height was also measured. So far, the gene variant is not known outside Peru, where the demands of living at high altitude may have driven its evolution, but it could offer clues about how other mutations influence height.
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Introduction: Using a population-based linkage analysis approach, we previously identified a major locus for serum triglyceride (TG) levels in Pima Indians, which largely reflects the effect of a f...
|
eng_Latn
| 796,919 |
What else are these genes closely related to?
|
Family history is a risk factor for asthma, with many different genes being implicated. If one identical twin is affected, the probability of the other having the disease is approximately 25%. By the end of 2005, 25 genes had been associated with asthma in six or more separate populations, including GSTM1, IL10, CTLA-4, SPINK5, LTC4S, IL4R and ADAM33, among others. Many of these genes are related to the immune system or modulating inflammation. Even among this list of genes supported by highly replicated studies, results have not been consistent among all populations tested. In 2006 over 100 genes were associated with asthma in one genetic association study alone; more continue to be found.
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Anthropology and many other current fields are the intellectual results of the comparative methods developed in the earlier 19th century. Theorists in such diverse fields as anatomy, linguistics, and Ethnology, making feature-by-feature comparisons of their subject matters, were beginning to suspect that similarities between animals, languages, and folkways were the result of processes or laws unknown to them then. For them, the publication of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species was the epiphany of everything they had begun to suspect. Darwin himself arrived at his conclusions through comparison of species he had seen in agronomy and in the wild.
|
eng_Latn
| 796,924 |
Are you Chicken? Genome study shows we share half their genes!
|
According to a recent study, a Chicken and a Human share half of their genes. Although the chicken genome contains considerably less DNA than the human genome, it has about the same number of genes.
|
How do children respond to stereotypes about race, religion and gender? A child-development expert looks at contradictions in kids' behavior.
|
eng_Latn
| 796,941 |
During three periods of ethnic identification work after 1949 , professor Fei Xiaotong , Huang Xianfan , Xia Kangnong and a lot of academic masters and scholars from anthropology and ethnic study circles had made their great contributions .
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During three periods of ethnic identification work after 1949 , professors Fei Xiaotong , Huang Xianfan , Xia Kangnong and a lot of academic masters and scholars from anthropology and ethnic study circles made their great contributions .
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Many paleoanthropologists are now using the term `` Homo ergaster '' for the non-Asian forms of this group . They reserve `` H. erectus '' only for those fossils found in the Asian region that meet certain requirements ( as to skeleton and skull ) which differ slightly from ergaster .
|
eng_Latn
| 796,942 |
The broad study of African genetic diversity found the ǂKhomani San people to express the greatest genetic diversity among the 113 distinct populations sampled , making them one of 14 `` ancestral population clusters '' .
|
The broad study of African genetic diversity found the ǂKhomani San people had the greatest genetic diversity among the 113 distinct populations sampled , making them one of 14 `` ancestral population clusters '' .
|
The arrival of the Arab Muslims to the provinces of Sindh and Punjab , along with subsequent Muslim dynasties , set the religious boundaries of South Asia . This would lead to the development of the modern state of Pakistan as well as forming the foundation for Islamic rule across much of South Asia .
|
eng_Latn
| 796,970 |
The study of heredity in biology is called genetics , which includes the field of epigenetics .
|
In biology , the study of heredity is called genetics .
|
`` country of origin '' and native land ) is the concept of the territory ( cultural geography ) to which an ethnic group holds a long history and a deep cultural association with . It 's the country in which a particular national identity began .
|
eng_Latn
| 796,971 |
what is the genetic difference between humans
|
While the genetic difference between individual humans today is minuscule â about 0.1%, on average â study of the same aspects of the chimpanzee genome indicates a difference of about 1.2%. The bonobo (Pan paniscus), which is the close cousin of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), differs from humans to the same degree.
|
The number of genetic differences between humans and chimps is ten times smaller than that between mice and rats. Scientists also discovered that some classes of genes are changing unusually quickly in both humans and chimpanzees, as compared with other mammals.
|
eng_Latn
| 797,000 |
definition evolution, mutation, genetic drift, or migration.
|
A case study of coevolution. Genetic drift. Genetic drift â along with natural selection, mutation, and migration â is one of the basic mechanisms of evolution. In each generation, some individuals may, just by chance, leave behind a few more descendents (and genes, of course!) than other individuals.
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Support this project. Genetic drift. Genetic drift along with natural selection, mutation, and migration is one of the basic mechanisms of evolution. In each generation, some individuals may, just by chance, leave behind a few more descendents (and genes, of course!) than other individuals.The genes of the next generation will be the genes of the lucky individuals, not necessarily the healthier or better individuals. That, in a nutshell, is genetic drift.It happens to ALL populations there's no avoiding the vagaries of chance.he genes of the next generation will be the genes of the lucky individuals, not necessarily the healthier or better individuals. That, in a nutshell, is genetic drift. It happens to ALL populations there's no avoiding the vagaries of chance.
|
eng_Latn
| 797,007 |
Kinship patterns can included people who are relatives by what cultural ritual involving the exchange of rings and sometimes dowry?
|
Kinship can refer both to the study of the patterns of social relationships in one or more human cultures, or it can refer to the patterns of social relationships themselves. Over its history, anthropology has developed a number of related concepts and terms, such as "descent", "descent groups", "lineages", "affines", "cognates", and even "fictive kinship". Broadly, kinship patterns may be considered to include people related both by descent (one's social relations during development), and also relatives by marriage.
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One crucial innovation in reconceptualizing genotypic and phenotypic variation was the anthropologist C. Loring Brace's observation that such variations, insofar as it is affected by natural selection, slow migration, or genetic drift, are distributed along geographic gradations or clines. In part this is due to isolation by distance. This point called attention to a problem common to phenotype-based descriptions of races (for example, those based on hair texture and skin color): they ignore a host of other similarities and differences (for example, blood type) that do not correlate highly with the markers for race. Thus, anthropologist Frank Livingstone's conclusion, that since clines cross racial boundaries, "there are no races, only clines".
|
eng_Latn
| 797,084 |
What is race a factor of for the ethnically diverse people of China?
|
Wang, Štrkalj et al. (2003) examined the use of race as a biological concept in research papers published in China's only biological anthropology journal, Acta Anthropologica Sinica. The study showed that the race concept was widely used among Chinese anthropologists. In a 2007 review paper, Štrkalj suggested that the stark contrast of the racial approach between the United States and China was due to the fact that race is a factor for social cohesion among the ethnically diverse people of China, whereas "race" is a very sensitive issue in America and the racial approach is considered to undermine social cohesion - with the result that in the socio-political context of US academics scientists are encouraged not to use racial categories, whereas in China they are encouraged to use them.
|
DNA samples from 1228 Russians show that the Y chromosomes analyzed, all except 20 (1.6%) fall into seven major haplogroups all characteristic to West Eurasian populations. Taken together, they account for 95% of the total Russian Y chromosomal pool. Only (0.7%) fell into haplogroups that are specific to East and South Asian populations. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) examined in Poles and Russians revealed the presence of all major European haplogroups, which were characterized by similar patterns of distribution in Poles and Russians. An analysis of the DNA did not reveal any specific combinations of unique mtDNA haplotypes and their subclusters. The DNA clearly shows that both Poles and Russians are not different from the neighbouring European populations.
|
eng_Latn
| 797,103 |
What is the catalog of contents of a particular species' genetic makeup?
|
When people say that the genome of a sexually reproducing species has been "sequenced", typically they are referring to a determination of the sequences of one set of autosomes and one of each type of sex chromosome, which together represent both of the possible sexes. Even in species that exist in only one sex, what is described as a "genome sequence" may be a composite read from the chromosomes of various individuals. Colloquially, the phrase "genetic makeup" is sometimes used to signify the genome of a particular individual or organism.[citation needed] The study of the global properties of genomes of related organisms is usually referred to as genomics, which distinguishes it from genetics which generally studies the properties of single genes or groups of genes.
|
The 2000 U.S. Census in the write-in response category had a code listing which standardizes the placement of various write-in responses for automatic placement within the framework of the U.S. Census's enumerated races. Whereas most responses can be distinguished as falling into one of the five enumerated races, there remains some write-in responses which fall into the "Mixture" heading which cannot be racially categorized. These include "Bi Racial, Combination, Everything, Many, Mixed, Multi National, Multiple, Several and Various".
|
eng_Latn
| 797,121 |
What are some of the diverse range of fields scholars come to Anthrozoology from?
|
Anthrozoology (also known as "human–animal studies") is the study of interaction between living things. It is a burgeoning interdisciplinary field that overlaps with a number of other disciplines, including anthropology, ethology, medicine, psychology, veterinary medicine and zoology. A major focus of anthrozoologic research is the quantifying of the positive effects of human-animal relationships on either party and the study of their interactions. It includes scholars from a diverse range of fields, including anthropology, sociology, biology, and philosophy.[n 7]
|
One crucial innovation in reconceptualizing genotypic and phenotypic variation was the anthropologist C. Loring Brace's observation that such variations, insofar as it is affected by natural selection, slow migration, or genetic drift, are distributed along geographic gradations or clines. In part this is due to isolation by distance. This point called attention to a problem common to phenotype-based descriptions of races (for example, those based on hair texture and skin color): they ignore a host of other similarities and differences (for example, blood type) that do not correlate highly with the markers for race. Thus, anthropologist Frank Livingstone's conclusion, that since clines cross racial boundaries, "there are no races, only clines".
|
eng_Latn
| 797,135 |
What does law enforcement in some countries use to profile suspects?
|
In some countries, law enforcement uses race to profile suspects. This use of racial categories is frequently criticized for perpetuating an outmoded understanding of human biological variation, and promoting stereotypes. Because in some societies racial groupings correspond closely with patterns of social stratification, for social scientists studying social inequality, race can be a significant variable. As sociological factors, racial categories may in part reflect subjective attributions, self-identities, and social institutions.
|
One crucial innovation in reconceptualizing genotypic and phenotypic variation was the anthropologist C. Loring Brace's observation that such variations, insofar as it is affected by natural selection, slow migration, or genetic drift, are distributed along geographic gradations or clines. In part this is due to isolation by distance. This point called attention to a problem common to phenotype-based descriptions of races (for example, those based on hair texture and skin color): they ignore a host of other similarities and differences (for example, blood type) that do not correlate highly with the markers for race. Thus, anthropologist Frank Livingstone's conclusion, that since clines cross racial boundaries, "there are no races, only clines".
|
eng_Latn
| 797,137 |
Why does genocide often go unpunished?
|
The study of genocide has mainly been focused towards the legal aspect of the term. By formally recognizing the act of genocide as a crime, involves the undergoing prosecution that begins with not only seeing genocide as outrageous past any moral standpoint but also may be a legal liability within international relations. When genocide is looked at in a general aspect it is viewed as the deliberate killing of a certain group. Yet is commonly seen to escape the process of trial and prosecution due to the fact that genocide is more often than not committed by the officials in power of a state or area. In 1648 before the term genocide had been coined, the Peace of Westphalia was established to protect ethnic, national, racial and in some instances religious groups. During the 19th century humanitarian intervention was needed due to the fact of conflict and justification of some of the actions executed by the military.
|
One crucial innovation in reconceptualizing genotypic and phenotypic variation was the anthropologist C. Loring Brace's observation that such variations, insofar as it is affected by natural selection, slow migration, or genetic drift, are distributed along geographic gradations or clines. In part this is due to isolation by distance. This point called attention to a problem common to phenotype-based descriptions of races (for example, those based on hair texture and skin color): they ignore a host of other similarities and differences (for example, blood type) that do not correlate highly with the markers for race. Thus, anthropologist Frank Livingstone's conclusion, that since clines cross racial boundaries, "there are no races, only clines".
|
eng_Latn
| 797,138 |
how many different races
|
4 major races. The world population can be divided into 4 major races, namely white/Caucasian, Mongoloid/Asian, Negroid/Black, and Australoid.This is based on a racial classification made by Carleton S. Coon in 1962 (in common usage the âËCapoidâ⢠and âËCongoidâ⢠groups classified by Coon is merged under âËNegroidââ¢).he United Nations, in a 1950 statement, opted to âdrop the term âraceâ altogether and speak of âethnic groupsâ. In this case, there are more than 5,000 ethnic groups in the world, according to a 1998 study published in the Scientific American. This fact is verified on: February 20, 2010.
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The 2010 questionnaire lists 15 racial categories, as well as places to write in specific races not listed on the form. The 2010 Census continues the option first introduced in the 2000 Census for respondents to choose more than one race. Only about 2 percent of Americans identified with more than one race in the 2000 Census, but the percentage was much higher for children and young adults and will likely increase in 2010.
|
eng_Latn
| 797,176 |
The stochastic properties of classical dynamical systems are often studied by means of numerical computations of orbits up to very large times, so that the accumulation of numerical errors would appear to destroy the reliability of the computations. We discuss this problem on the basis of a theorem of Anosov and Bowen which implies that, if the errors at each step are small enough, for Anosov systems the computations of time averages are reliable even for infinite times. We test numerically from this point of view three classical examples.
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Why does classical equilibrium statistical mechanics work? Malament and Zabell (1980) noticed that, for ergodic dynamical systems, the unique absolutely continuous invariant probability measure is the microcanonical. Earman and Redei (1996) replied that systems of interest are very probably not ergodic, so that absolutely continuous invariant probability measures very distant from the microcanonical exist. In response I define the generalized properties of epsilon-ergodicity and epsilon-continuity, I review computational evidence indicating that systems of interest are epsilon-ergodic, I adapt Malament and Zabell's defense of absolute continuity to support epsilon-continuity, and I prove that, for epsilon-ergodic systems, every epsilon-continuous invariant probability measure is very close to the microcanonical.
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ABSTRACT Heart valvular disease is still one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in develop countries. Numerical modeling has gained considerable attention in studying hemodynamic conditions associated with valve abnormalities. Simulating the large displacement of the valve in the course of the cardiac cycle needs a well-suited numerical method to capture the natural biomechanical phenomena which happens in the valve. The paper aims to review the principal progress of the numerical approaches for studying the hemodynamic of the aortic valve. In addition, the future directions of the current approaches as well as their potential clinical applications are discussed.
|
eng_Latn
| 797,186 |
We prove lower bounds for the Dirichlet energy of a unit vector field defined in a perforated domain of R2with nonzero degree on the outer boundary in terms of the total diameter of the holes. We use this to derive lower bounds, and then compactness results for sequences (ue) of minimizers or almost-minimizers of Ginzburg–Landau functionals with coupling constant 1/e2tending to +∞.
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We prove a new inequality for the Jacobian (or vorticity) associated to the Ginzburg–Landau energy in any dimension. It allows to retrieve existing lower bounds on the energy, to extend them to the case of unbounded vorticity, and to get a few other corollaries. It also provides a new estimate on the time-variation for time-dependent families, which has applications for the study of Ginzburg–Landau dynamics.
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This chapter considers the limitations of traditional faculty assessment systems in the context of Boyer’s four domains of scholarship and suggests a new organizing template for realigning assessment systems to accommodate work in all four domains.
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eng_Latn
| 797,189 |
On the Relationship between the Characters in Rasyoumonn
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Through the description of a Rasyoumonn, a place for discarding corpses, the story Rasyoumonn written by Akutagawa Ryuunosuke depicts the psychological changes of a servant who is in an extremely hopeless dilemma. The relationship between the characters in Rasyoumonn is analyzed .The relationship between the servant and the old lady which is a unity of the opposites reveals the theme of selfishness in the whole story. The description of the psychological change of the servant from good to bad brings to light the selfishness of man and the law of jungle in capitalist society.
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The main objective of this article is to study dynamic of the ::: three-dimensional Boussinesq equations with the periodic boundary ::: condition.We prove that when the Rayleigh number $R$ crosses the ::: first critical Rayleigh number $R_c$, the Rayleigh-Benard problem ::: bifurcates from the basic state to an global attractor $\Sigma$, which is homeomorphic to $S^3$.
|
eng_Latn
| 797,190 |
In this paper, we study the asymptotic behavior of positive solutions of nonautonomous Beverton-Holt equation where {K n } is a positive persistent and bounded sequence. In our main result, we proved that all positive solutions {x n } satisfy the inequality The obtained result represents the extension of the Cushing-Hensons's conjecture. Applications to the case when {K n } is a positive periodic sequence are given and the alternative proof of the Cushing-Henson's conjecture is also presented.
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We present an extension of Sharkovsky’s Theorem and its converse to periodic difference equations. In addition, we provide a simple method for constructing a p-periodic difference equation having an r-periodic geometric cycle with or without stability properties.
|
Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights.
|
eng_Latn
| 797,227 |
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