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Modeling and observation of polarimetric SAR response to dry snow | Snow water equivalence (SWE) is one of the most important parameters for hydrological investigations. In this study, the authors show (1) a method of using stereological technique to determine snow parameters for microwave modeling, (2) comparison of NASA/JPL AIRSAR measurements with the model predictions and the numerical simulations of the relationships between the backscattering signals and snow physical parameters. The results indicate that the relationship between the co-polarization signals and snow water equivalence can be either positive or negative depending on the snow physical parameters, ground surface parameters and incidence angle. At C-band, the major scattering source is the interface between the snow and ground. X-band or higher frequency SAR sensor is needed for snow depth measurement. > | A new estimator for a four-element plane array is introduced in order to get acoustic-passive direction estimation of targets.We concern much about the performance of the estimator under a two-target situation.In this paper,the two targets concerned are of the same type of acoustic source.Under different signal to interfere ratios,we propose the change of the precision of the direction estimation as the angle between the two targets changes.Our study was done under the real time Warfield situation,and may help the design of small acoustic-passive direction estimation arrays. | eng_Latn | 55,629 |
Ultrafast spatio-temporal mapping of gigahertz lattice distortion in a ferroelectric crystal (Conference Presentation) | We capture the spatio-temporal oscillations within large individual ferroelectric domains and across domain walls upon optical excitation in a single crystal of BaTiO3 with ~350 nm lateral resolution and ~100 ps temporal resolution using synchrotron x-ray pulses as probes. Spatially resolved ultrafast mapping across domain walls reveals that the optical excitation pump can generate GHz acoustic standing waves of different frequencies between the surface and buried domain wall interfaces at different depths. Phase-field simulations reveal that a thermo-electro-acoustic mechanism can quantitatively explain the observed dynamics. The study reveals the importance of combined spatial and temporal resolution for understanding ultrafast dynamics in inhomogeneous microstructures. | We developed a 3D model to simulate the radar image formation process of natural surfaces. This 3D model is divided into two main parts. First, the radar system is modeled using a 3D point spread function (PSF). Second, the observed terrain is modeled using 3D randomly distributed scatterers as well as predetermined scatterer positions. The image formation process involved the convolution of the PSF with the terrain model, the extraction of signal envelope and sampling in the range and azimuthal directions. To enhance the computing efficiency of the convolution process we transpose the problem into the Fourier domain. Our 3D model is useful to study the parameters involved in the formation and the analysis of radar images.© (1996) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only. | eng_Latn | 55,662 |
Method and Apparatus for quadrature mirror filtering | QMF synthesis (synthesis) filtering method according to an embodiment of the present invention, the position of the samples to be discarded in the first array that contains the modulated QMF subband samples, to write the new sample corresponding to the current timeslot of step; For removing the aliasing between neighboring subbands step of extracting the sample from the first array; Step using a modulo operation to determine the filter coefficients corresponding to the extracted sample; And a step of synthesizing ering aliasing is removed time-domain samples using the extracted samples and the filter coefficients. | A new estimator for a four-element plane array is introduced in order to get acoustic-passive direction estimation of targets.We concern much about the performance of the estimator under a two-target situation.In this paper,the two targets concerned are of the same type of acoustic source.Under different signal to interfere ratios,we propose the change of the precision of the direction estimation as the angle between the two targets changes.Our study was done under the real time Warfield situation,and may help the design of small acoustic-passive direction estimation arrays. | eng_Latn | 55,675 |
An automated interference analysis model for modern radar systems | The Radar Receiver System Model (RRSM), an automated model for performing an electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) analysis on the signal processing of modern search radars, is described. The discussion includes the modeling approach, a description of the model, an analysis of a radar receiver in the presence of pulsed undesired signals, and an example of the application of model results to performing an EMC analysis on a selected airborne radar system. RRSM, a full-screen user-interactive computer program, is designed to enable the analyst to study the effects of the intermediate-frequency (IF) filter and signal processing on an interfering signal. > | A mapping approach to impedance extrapolation is presented in this paper. With the assumption of small reflection coefficients, it is derived that there exists an approximately linear mapping relationship between logarithmic impedances and seismic traces. Such a mapping can be realized by applying adaptive filtering. The test result of field data is given. It is shown that the derived impedance or interval velocity profiles bear higher resolution and better well logs correlation than those derived from the conventional method. It turns out to be a kind of supplementary means to inversion technique in production seismology. At last the limitation of the mapping approach is discussed. | eng_Latn | 55,679 |
Correction techniques for the truncation of the source field in acoustic analogies | The truncation of the source field may induce large overpredictions in the acoustic field computed through acoustic analogies. A comparative study of different correction approaches proposed in the literature is carried out, considering three different techniques: correction terms based on a convection assumption, use of model extensions, and windowing techniques. It is shown that convection-based correction terms need to take into account noncompactness effects of the source field in order to yield accurate results. A modified correction term that includes these effects is derived, and its equivalence to the method of model extensions in the case of purely convected flows is highlighted. Moreover, the performance of different windowing techniques is investigated. | This paper discusses some potential approaches to developing next-generation radar technologies via the development of ::: smart hardware subsystems that have the intrinsic capability to compensate for channel warping and propagation ::: distortions. Discussions with regard to typical categories of propagation distortions are provided along with a series of ::: sample scenarios that can provide challenging conditions for radar remote sensing applications. Observations of this set ::: of sample scenarios allows for the exploration of potential approaches to developing state-of-the art digital, RF, and ::: RF/Photonic technologies with intrinsic smart compensation capabilities that will enable the development of highresolution ::: radars that can operate at longer ranges while maintaining compact size and weight requirements. | eng_Latn | 55,689 |
Properties of drift waves in a filamentary density depletion | This analytical and numerical study explores the properties of electrostatic, drift-wave eigenmodes trapped within a magnetic field-aligned depletion in plasma density and temperature whose transverse dimension is on the order of the electron skin depth. The dependence of the complex eigenfrequencies on key parameters is investigated for collisionless and collisional plasma. The collisional description is based on the Lorentz model of electron pitch-angle scattering. The separate roles of the gradients in density and temperature are illustrated for the collisional and collisionless regimes. The predictions are compared to experimental observations [J. E. Maggs and G. J. Morales, Geophys. Res. Lett. 23, 633 (1996); Phys. Plasmas 4, 290 (1997)] of a controlled striation in the laboratory. | This paper discusses some potential approaches to developing next-generation radar technologies via the development of ::: smart hardware subsystems that have the intrinsic capability to compensate for channel warping and propagation ::: distortions. Discussions with regard to typical categories of propagation distortions are provided along with a series of ::: sample scenarios that can provide challenging conditions for radar remote sensing applications. Observations of this set ::: of sample scenarios allows for the exploration of potential approaches to developing state-of-the art digital, RF, and ::: RF/Photonic technologies with intrinsic smart compensation capabilities that will enable the development of highresolution ::: radars that can operate at longer ranges while maintaining compact size and weight requirements. | eng_Latn | 55,699 |
Improvement in the practical implementation of neutron source strength calibration using prompt gamma rays. | In this study, the neutron emission rate from neutron sources using prompt gamma rays in hydrogen was determined, and several improvements were applied. Using Monte Carlo calculations, the best positions for the source, moderator and detector relative to each other were selected. For (241)Am-Be and (252)Cf sources, the sizes for polyethylene spheres with the highest efficiency were 12- and 10-inch, respectively. In addition, a new shielding cone was designed to account for scattered neutrons and gamma rays. The newly designed shielding cone, which is 45 cm in length, provided suitable attenuation for the source radiation. | This paper discusses some potential approaches to developing next-generation radar technologies via the development of ::: smart hardware subsystems that have the intrinsic capability to compensate for channel warping and propagation ::: distortions. Discussions with regard to typical categories of propagation distortions are provided along with a series of ::: sample scenarios that can provide challenging conditions for radar remote sensing applications. Observations of this set ::: of sample scenarios allows for the exploration of potential approaches to developing state-of-the art digital, RF, and ::: RF/Photonic technologies with intrinsic smart compensation capabilities that will enable the development of highresolution ::: radars that can operate at longer ranges while maintaining compact size and weight requirements. | eng_Latn | 55,701 |
Modified G-S Adaptive Null Forming Algorithm Applied to Radar | For the problem that the researches on Gram-Schmidt(G-S) adaptive null forming algorithm are still theoretical researches and there is no study on its application to LPI(Low Probability of Intercept) radar,a method of applying modified Gram-Schmidt(G-S) adaptive null forming algorithm to continuous wave(CW) radar is proposed.This algorithm can remove the target signals from the received signals and just leave the jamming signals to be orthogonalized,preventing that target signals are treated as jamming signals.Array pattern,null analysis and error analysis show that the modified G-S algorithm can form deeper null and has better stability.Then it verifies that the modified G-S algorithm can effectively improve radar's LPI performance. | ABSTRACTWe utilize the Internet search data from Google Trends to provide short-term forecasts for the inflow of Japanese tourists to South Korea. We construct the Google variable in a systematic way by combining keywords to minimize mean squared or mean absolute forecasting errors. We augment the Google variable to the standard time-series forecasting models and compare their forecasting accuracies. We find that Google-augmented models perform much better than the standard time-series models in terms of short-term forecasting accuracy. In particular, Google models show better out-of-sample forecasting performance than in-sample forecasting. | eng_Latn | 55,709 |
Simulation on Interference between Radars | This paper analyzes the interference between radars,and put out the formula of interference signal power and estimation of interference threshold.In order to study the interference between radars effectively,the interference model between two specific radars is set up.The composition of model and the use of each part are introduced.The interference between radars is studied by computer simulation.The simulation results show that hardware will damage when the main beams of two radars aiming at each other. | We study the Radiation-Induced Mismatch Enhancement (RIME) in 65 nm CMOS SRAM block designed for space applications. X-ray and heavy ion irradiation increase the number of non-rewriting cells. | eng_Latn | 55,726 |
Dynamics and trajectory of nonautonomous rogue wave in a graded-index planar waveguide with oscillating refractive index | We study rogue waves in a graded-index planar waveguide with oscillating refractive index. We find that an additional refractive index can be used to manipulate the trajectory of the rogue wave without changing its shape evolution characters. The density distribution profile of rogue wave with the highest peak can be kept well through manipulating the graded-index term and nonlinear coefficient. Furthermore, the trajectories of these nonautonomous rogue waves still look like an “X” shape. These results provide possibilities to manipulate rogue wave in nonautonomous nonlinear systems. | This paper discusses some potential approaches to developing next-generation radar technologies via the development of ::: smart hardware subsystems that have the intrinsic capability to compensate for channel warping and propagation ::: distortions. Discussions with regard to typical categories of propagation distortions are provided along with a series of ::: sample scenarios that can provide challenging conditions for radar remote sensing applications. Observations of this set ::: of sample scenarios allows for the exploration of potential approaches to developing state-of-the art digital, RF, and ::: RF/Photonic technologies with intrinsic smart compensation capabilities that will enable the development of highresolution ::: radars that can operate at longer ranges while maintaining compact size and weight requirements. | eng_Latn | 55,728 |
Attenuation-Emission Alignment in Cardiac PET/CT with Consistency Conditions | Misaligned attenuation correction factors lead to artifacts and quantitative errors in cardiac PET images, potentially resulting in inaccurate interpretation and/or incorrect clinical decisions. Artifacts from misaligned attenuation-emission scans are common with conventional PET imaging. The potential for misalignment/artifacts is further increased in dual modality PET/CT systems since CT images a snapshot of the respiratory cycle and PET images multiple respiratory cycles. In this work, we developed and tested a method for automated alignment of attenuation and emission data. The alignment process enforces the Radon consistency conditions on the emission data and is derived from previous work by Welch et al. The attenuation image volume is aligned through simple rigid body transformations with the emission data. We test the process with simulated data and measured patient data from two ammonia cardiac PET/CT exams. | A new estimator for a four-element plane array is introduced in order to get acoustic-passive direction estimation of targets.We concern much about the performance of the estimator under a two-target situation.In this paper,the two targets concerned are of the same type of acoustic source.Under different signal to interfere ratios,we propose the change of the precision of the direction estimation as the angle between the two targets changes.Our study was done under the real time Warfield situation,and may help the design of small acoustic-passive direction estimation arrays. | eng_Latn | 55,734 |
Compensator rating for radial distribution lines | 34% of the South African population is still without electricity. Most of these people stay in deep rural areas where the cost of electrification is very high. Radial lines are characteristic of rural networks and methods to stretch existing lines or constructing cost-effective new networks are of high priority. Cheap conductors with large voltage drops and voltage regulating network devices are on the forefront of research in rural electrification. Network devices are classified as one of four generic devices, namely shunt, series, series-shunt and in-line devices. The paper proposes a method in which all solutions to a specific voltage regulation problem can be evaluated to determine the best solution. The Cathedral Peak case study is presented as a working example. | In the wideband radar system that can obtain one dimentional range image of the target by using STRECTH pulse compression,all kinds of system errors leading to the rise of the side lobe and the broadening of the main lobe degrade the images.So it is necessary to compensate these errors.This paper introduces a radar universal processing module which adopts 4 chips of ADSP-TS201 which is made by ADI as central processor and one chip of VIRTEX-IIPRO series FPGA as coprocess.Based on radar universal processing module,a method of systematic compensation is given.This paper presents a engineering realization through some datas of a wideband radar.This method shows a good effect and is used in a certain radar. | eng_Latn | 55,738 |
Design and Synthesis of Some Novel Estrogen Receptor Modulators as Anti-Breast Cancer Agents: In Vitro & In Vivo Screening, Docking Analysis. | A series of novel coumarin-chalcone hybrids have been synthesized in good yields and evaluated for their in vitro & in vivo anticancer activity. Cytotoxicity study was done against MCF-7 and Zr-75-1 human cancer cell lines. All compounds exhibited significant antiproliferative properties on both cell lines. The most active ER modulators found in in vitro screening are subjected for in vivo screened using methyl nitrosourea (MNU) induced mammary carcinoma in female spraque dawley rats. The Glide XP docking was performed for designed scaffold to optimize its structural requirement for ER-α inhibition. | In the modern radar target recognition, the model-based approach offers a flexible and computationally efficient way to characterize targets, since establishing an adequate target signature collection especially with bistatic measurements is impractical. Simulating such an extensive collection is arduous as well. This paper proposes a new method for the bistatic characterization of radar targets and radar response simulation: ESPRESS (Electromagnetic Signature Production from Renders Exploiting Scatterer Sets). We have implemented it entirely with commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software. Our objective is to give the target a compact description, from which radar response—with arbitrary radar frequency and bandwidth, as well as transmitter and receiver positions—can be simulated efficiently. In this paper, we demonstrate that ESPRESS has the computational speed and adequate accuracy required in model-based radar target recognition. | eng_Latn | 55,760 |
Necessary study on Airborne Radar Network | Airborne Radar Network has the advantage over Airborne Single Radar in three aspects. Firstly how does it have the performance of countering stealth airplane and of hiding itself; Secondly how does it shorten the time of detecting object; Lastly how does it improve the recognized precision and positioned precision of object. | e18655Background: Oncology navigation improves patient engagement and participation in clinical trials and may reduce barriers to cancer care.Despite growing evidence of value, oncology patient nav... | eng_Latn | 55,765 |
The Relationship Between Detection Algorithms for Hyperspectral and Radar Applications | Abstract : Hyperspectral data consists of hundreds of contiguous radiometric measurements collected passively from each pixel in a scene. Detection capitalizes on exploiting the difference between target and background spectral signatures. Many detection methods in hyperspectral processing employ signal models commonly used in radar even though it is an active sensor. Starting from a common signal model, we discuss adaptive detection algorithms for hyperspectral data by outlining fundamental similarities and differences with radar. We demonstrate detection using hyperspectral data through experiments with real data and discuss the fundamental applicability of adaptive radar signal models to detection in hyperspectral processing. | OBJECTIVE ::: To establish a new method to discriminate Aaron's beard by Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry. ::: ::: ::: METHODS ::: Attenuation Reflection-Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry with clustering analysis was used to the identification of Aaron's beard. ::: ::: ::: RESULTS ::: There were obvious differences in Aaron's beard. The results are consistent with that of morphologic study. ::: ::: ::: CONCLUSION ::: This method is rapid, simple and economical, and can be used to the quality control. | eng_Latn | 55,778 |
Improvements of Edges Detecting and Diffraction Field Computing in GRECO | Graphical Electromagnetic Computing(GRECO)is one of the valuable method for computing the radar cross section(RCS)of complex radar target in high frequency region.But there are some shortages of edges detecting method in original GRECO literature ,a new method of collecting the edge pixels and wedge parameters is presented in this paper.Since an expression of edge diffraction field in the literature is in error,the error correcting formulas are derived by using method of equivalent edge currents(MEC)and physical theory of diffraction(PTD).Finally,the total RCS expression is given by using physical optics(PO)and PTD method.The computing results are in close agreement with the measured data. | Study Design.A meta-analysis.Objective.The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracies of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the detection of spondylodiscitis through a meta-analysis.Summary of Background Data | eng_Latn | 55,785 |
SAR ATR by a combination of convolutional neural network and support vector machines | Inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging with MATLAB algorithms | Developing a multi-network urbanization model: A case study of urban growth in Denver, Colorado | eng_Latn | 55,821 |
Lunar Topography: Global Determination by Radar: Delay-Doppler stereoscopy and radar interferometry yield high-resolution three-dimensional views of the moon | Previous methods used for two-dimensional radar mapping of the moon are contrasted with new techniques that add altitude information to the radar map. Delay-Doppler stereoscopy and delay-Doppler interferometry are shown to provide surface-height variations with higher accuracy and better global fidelity than has been possible previously. Sample results are presented for altitude contours on the moon as obtained with the Haystack and Westford radar systems of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. An appendix describes the mathematical principles of delay-Doppler interferometry in determining the position of an arbitrary reflecting region of the lunar surface from measurements of the time delay, Doppler shift, and fringe phase of radar echoes from that region. | We study rogue waves in a graded-index planar waveguide with oscillating refractive index. We find that an additional refractive index can be used to manipulate the trajectory of the rogue wave without changing its shape evolution characters. The density distribution profile of rogue wave with the highest peak can be kept well through manipulating the graded-index term and nonlinear coefficient. Furthermore, the trajectories of these nonautonomous rogue waves still look like an “X” shape. These results provide possibilities to manipulate rogue wave in nonautonomous nonlinear systems. | eng_Latn | 56,034 |
The foundation of energy saving is knowing the real status of building energy consumption. For various kinds and a great number of building energy consumption data, the fuzzy theory is applied for sampling. It would make data representational. Firstly, a fuzzy clustering method is used to classify the data set and then the samples are extracted from the subclass. A modified clustering algorithm based on entropy weight method is proposed. It can determine the number of the classification of data set. The simulation results indicate that the new method can directly determine the optimal sample size. This method is suitably applied for dynamic energy consumption data and is more accurate compared with the statistical method. | A new residual life prediction method for complex systems based on Wiener process and evidential reasoning is proposed to predict the residual life of complex systems effectively. Moreover, the better maintenance strategies and decision supports are provided. For the residual life prediction of complex systems, the maximum likelihood method is adopted to estimate the drift coefficient, and the Bayesian method is adopted to update the parameters of Wiener process. The process of parameters estimation and the probability density function (PDF) of the residual life are deduced. To improve the accuracy of the residual life prediction results, the evidential reasoning (ER) is used to integrate the prediction results of Wiener process. Finally, a case study of gyroscope is examined to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method, compared with fuzzy theory, which provides an important reference for the optimization of the reliability of complex systems and improvement. | Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights. | eng_Latn | 56,083 |
This work presents a supervisory control strategy for Networked Control Systems (NCSs). This shows the identification and control of the plant using the fuzzy theory. The identification was perform through input-output data. The fuzzy model incorporates the delay dynamics within the fuzzy rules. The controller is composed by a nominal control (PID) and a supervisory control which proposed from the delay dynamics. A system of magnetic levitation is presented as a case study. | This paper concerns a problem of robust Hinfin control for a class of uncertain nonlinear networked control systems (NCSs), which can be represented by a T-S fuzzy model with uncertainties. Both network-induced delay and packet dropout are addressed. The controller design method is presented based on a delay-dependent approach, and the robust Hinfin controller gain matrices are obtain by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Moreover, a general Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional is used, and some slack matrices, which bring much flexibility in solving LMIs, are introduced during the proof. Simulation results show the validity of the proposed method. | In order to track the beacon facular precisely in real time, a new method based on the self adjusting fuzzy-PID control is presented, which is suitable for ATP (acquisition, tracking, pointing) servo system for optical space communication. The advantages of fuzzy control and traditional PID control were combined in this method. The design method of fuzzy-PID controller is discussed. The design and simulation of the system were implemented by using the fuzzy control tool box in MATLAB. The comparison of the obtained result with that of the conventional PID controller was carried out. The simulation results show that the system is much better than the conventional PID controller, and the LOS (liner of light) stability of ATP system is improved. | eng_Latn | 56,084 |
Aiming at the disadvantages of particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO), which is easy to trap into local optima and converge slowly in later period of iteration, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm based on social psychology (BSPSO) was proposed. Unlike the standard PSO algorithm, this BSPSO algorithm used asynchronous version of PSO algorithm, and adopted two strategies (divided particles into some growth stages and introduced mutations) to improve the original PSO algorithm. Division of growth stages can make particles have different learning factors at different stages, and mutations can make particles jump out of local optima effectively, so the algorithm performance was improved effectively. The simulation result shows that the BSPSO is more available than those previously proposed PSO algorithms through experiments with several benchmark functions. | The study manipulated the neighborhood topologies of particle swarms optimizing four test functions. Several social network structures were tested, with "small-world" randomization of a specified number of links. Sociometric structure and the small-world manipulation interacted with function to produce a significant effect on performance. | A novel technique using particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed for optimizing PI parameters controllers of a wind turbine (WT) based on direct drive permanent magnet synchronous generator (DDPMSG). The PSO algorithm is used to search for the optimal combination of PI controllers parameters. A small signal stability (SSS) mode of the WT system is derived to implement PSO algorithm based on eigenvalues analysis as objective function. Simulations are performed to illustrate this control method validity. | eng_Latn | 56,112 |
This paper studies wireless sensor networks node deployment problem and proposes intelligent single particle optimizer based wireless sensor networks adaptive coverage. According to the probability model measure characteristic of wireless sensor nodes, the method adaptively determines the optimal deployment of sensor nodes using intelligent single particle optimizer, achieving sensor node based adaptive deployment. Simulation results show that the method has better coverage results and coverage than particle swarm optimization, shuffled frog leaping algorithm, ant colony optimization, and chaotic particle swarm optimization. | Aiming at the task allocation in multi-target tracking of wireless sensor networks, the discrete particle swarm optimization based on nearest-neighbor is presented to reduce the communication energy consumption between nodes. First, task allocation is initialized with nearest neighbor algorithm. Then the fitness function is compared through change task allocation matrix to achieve task allocation. Simulation results show that task allocation based on particle swarm optimization can effectively reduce communication energy consumption than nearest neighbor optimization in the relatively sparse nodes coverage. | Experiences of past earthquakes demonstrate that pipeline systems have no proper performance when exposed to severe earthquakes. In this study, sensor and damper placement approaches are presented for doing reliable health monitoring and seismic retrofitting of the piping networks. Since most of the available sensor placement methods are based on modal analysis results, the authors propose a new scheme that relies on the nonlinearity which utilizes nonlinear time history analysis results, and genetic algorithm is selected to act as the methodology of optimization as well. The results demonstrate that the proposed optimal sensor configuration strategy is more accurate and efficient than the extended modal assurance criterion method. To assess the number of sensors, a sensitivity analysis is undertaken in which the number of sensors computed optimally by the proposed algorithm contains the least convergence error. In addition, the number of iterations and the time consumed in the proposed approach are consi... | eng_Latn | 56,132 |
This paper proposes a new algorithm for the identification of Hammerstein-Wiener system with dead zone input nonlinearity. This method is a combination of least square method and gradient method. The algorithm is simple and will give a precise identification result. | An algorithm is presented for the identification of nonlinear systems which can be described by a model consisting of a linear system in cascade with a nonlinear element followed by another linear system. Cross-correlation techniques are employed to decouple the identification of the linear dynamics from the characterisation of the nonlinear element when the input is a white Gaussian signal. Parameterisation of both the linear and nonlinear component subsystems is discussed and the results of a simulation study are included to illustrate the validity of the algorithm. | Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights. | eng_Latn | 56,145 |
The paper presents the spectral analysis of the beam's vibration with uncertain parameters under a random train of moving forces which forms a filtered Poisson process. It is assumed that natural frequencies of the bridge beam are uncertain and are modelled by fuzzy numbers, random variables or fuzzy random variables. In order to obtain general solutions for the spectral density function of the beam's response the normal mode dynamic influence function has been introduced. As an example the spectral density functions of a bridge modelled as a simple supported beam are determined. | Optimal Nonlinear Energy Sink (NES) is employed in vibration suppression of the beams subjected to successive moving loads in this paper. As a real application, a typical railway bridge is dynamically modeled by a single-span beam and a traveling high-speed train is simulated by a series of successive moving loads. Genetic algorithm is employed as the optimization technique and optimal parameters of the NES system are accordingly obtained. It is found that the NES can remarkably suppress the vibration level particularly in vicinity of the critical speeds. A sensitivity analysis is then carried out and robustness of the optimal NES is investigated. A parametric study is performed and performance of the optimal NES is evaluated for different values of the load speeds, load magnitudes, load intervals and mass ratios. | Every function of n inputs can be efficiently computed by a complete network of n processors in such a way that: If no faults occur, no set of size t n /2 of players gets any additional information (other than the function value), Even if Byzantine faults are allowed, no set of size t n /3 can either disrupt the computation or get additional information. Furthermore, the above bounds on t are tight! | eng_Latn | 56,166 |
GIS-based Early Warning Decision Support System for Grain Management | It is a hard problem for grain management department that some accidents happen because of no early warning.Based on GIS technology,the GMEW-DSS(Grain Management Early Warning-Decision Support System) is built.Using monitoring model, forecast model and knowledge discovery model,GMEW-DSS monitors and analyzes grain information to find the dangers and gives early-warning information in time.The rate of validity early-warning is up to 85%.The GMEW-DSS was tested and the results are satisfied. | The following casestudy provides a workflow perspective on the Grid ENabled Integrated Earth system modelling (GENIE) framework, which was introduced in Vol. 2. | eng_Latn | 56,172 |
Using Inflow Control Devices (ICD) in SAGD Recovery of Heterogeneous Athabasca MCMurray Oil Sands | Summary In the pilot study, a new geomodeling technology is presented for developing 3D heterogonous geomodels for Athabasca McMurray (MCMR) oil sands. The geomodels were used to simulate SAGD thermal recovery. Both conventional SAGD completions and SAGD with ICD completions were tested. The simulation results show that for a heterogeneous Athabasca McMurray oil sand reservoir, the ICD completion technology enhances oil production and reduces steam consumption. As a result, the economics of SAGD recovery from the heterogeneous sands is improved. | The EDF schedule algorithm,one of main real-time schedule algorithms of the embedded Linux operating system,can not solve the overload schedule.For this,the paper introduces SLAD algorithm and BACKSLASH algorithm,which have good performance of system load.According to thinking of ISM algorithm,it puts forward a kind of dynamic priority schedule algorithm.According to case of overloads within some time,the algorithm can adjust EDF algorithm and SLAD algorithm neatly,thus improves schedule efficiency of system in usual load and overload cases.Test results for real-time tasks Deadline Miss Ratio(DMR) show its improvement effect. | eng_Latn | 56,183 |
Fuzzy Adaptive Tracking Algorithm for Maneuvering Target | A fuzzy adaptive tracking algorithm for maneuvering target based on current statistical model is presented. The fuzzy inference technique is used to adjust the system process noise covariance adaptively along with the characteristic of maneuvering, which improves both the estimation accuracy when the target is not in the maneuvering state and the rapid response when the target maneuvers rapidly. The Monte-Carlo simulation results show the method is valid. | OBJECTIVE ::: To establish a new method to discriminate Aaron's beard by Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry. ::: ::: ::: METHODS ::: Attenuation Reflection-Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry with clustering analysis was used to the identification of Aaron's beard. ::: ::: ::: RESULTS ::: There were obvious differences in Aaron's beard. The results are consistent with that of morphologic study. ::: ::: ::: CONCLUSION ::: This method is rapid, simple and economical, and can be used to the quality control. | eng_Latn | 56,191 |
Transient Dynamic Response Analysis on Large Turbine Generator Set | In order to study the unit's movement law,a transient dynamic response model of large hydroelectric machines is established.The model couples the whole unit such as main shaft,generator rotor,turbine runner and various bearing supporting,and involves consistent quality of the unit shaft,gyroscopic inertia and angular inertia.The finite element method and direct numerical integration method are used in the calculation.Through an engineering example,the numerical simulations of time-course response and axes contrail are respectively carried out when the units are acted under transient initial displacements and transient imbalance loads.The calculated results are discussed and analyzed.By means of comparison between calculated and measured data,their results are close. | Natural resource preservation has recently become a significant concern,and has motivated research and development efforts to assist in both conservation and management.Electricity usage in residential and commercial buildings represents a significant fraction of total energy expenditure.A key prerequisite for energy conservation is knowing when and where energy is being spent.However,in the current energy reporting devices only provide coarse grained information.This paper presents a fine grained power auditing system based on the sensor networks.This system can provide detailed information about the total energy consumption in any period for each appliance and thus will become an efficient tool for future real-time pricing.At the same,some behavior model can be drawn from the collected data based on the proposed system. | kor_Hang | 56,192 |
Design Project of Regenerated Coal Rough-Crusher Intelligent Control System Based on Image Comparison | According to the characteristics and requirements of the regenerated coal production process, taking into account the rough crusher facing complex working conditions, we designed the intelligent control systems of automatic detection and image-based comparison. Focused on the key technology of image comparison, we designed image pre-processing algorithm and comparison algorithm, to overcome the high rate of wrong judgments when images were compared. It had been proved that performance about the control system of regenerated coal rough crusher was superior on protecting the machine and improving the production efficiency. | This paper forms a new model combined Rowen model with IEEE model and extract the parameters through practical data. Finally,it is tested that the new model is valid as the consequence of the simulation via matlab-simulik is similar to IEEE model. This illustrates that this model can be used in partial load conditions which is the shortcoming of Rowen model and avoids the complex computation of IEEE model. Therefore,the model offfers a new thought and method for the study of the gas turbine model. | eng_Latn | 56,198 |
A multicriteria approach for performance evaluation of distribution system operators | System restoration procedures conducted on power distribution networks from the utilities operation centers are essentially aimed at reducing the time electricity is not available to customers. The performance of operators can be evaluated in a broader manner by the impact of their actions on several technical and economic indicators of the distribution system. This paper presents a multicriteria procedure for performance evaluation of electrical grid operators after a given contingency. A case study based on real data demonstrates the applicability of the evaluation procedure. | Notwithstanding the existence of a standard power plant training simulator acceptance criteria document, there is a continuing industry dialogue on the needs and merits of various improvements in simulator qualification. One recurring theme addresses the need to correlate model qualification requirements with training requirements. The basic objective of this project is the development of such an improved model qualification methodology, and identification of model development needs, based on this training objective perspective. This report presents the proposed improved criteria and methodology as developed to date and discusses their initial test-case application to two training simulator scenarios. | eng_Latn | 56,209 |
Cascade Modeling and Intelligent Control Design for an Electromagnetic Guiding System | This study simulates lateral motion in magnetic levitation (maglev) transportation systems using a novel electromagnetic guiding device. First, current control modules, a pulse width modulation (PWM) controller, and a buck converter are used for driving electromagnets. The electromagnetic guiding system, which has two current control modules, a gap controller and a bipolar switching device, controls the gap between the moving platform and the rail. A cascade dynamic model, which has a current control module, electromagnet, and moving platform, is established. Based on the dynamic model, a novel cascade sliding mode controller is designed successfully. Finally, to eliminate the sensitivity of the proposed control scheme to system parameters, a cascade sliding-mode-based genetic algorithm control scheme is utilized. | Abstract Although they create considerable economic benefits, industrial parks emit tremendous amounts of pollution and consume significant environmental resources. This investigation examines problems associated with managing an industrial park. It begins by defining an industrial park system and its sustainability. Next, using systems thinking, managing for results, driving-force-pressure-state-impact-response, and system dynamics, we develop a management framework and an indicator system. A framework with triple decision layers is established to link the management of an industrial park with its manufactories. Based on this framework, proposed indicators and their driving force–pressure–state–impact–response relationships are integrated into an optimization model to maximize sustainability, so that sustainability of an industrial park is assessed as total quantity management is performed. A prototype of a total quantity and sustainability management strategy for industrial parks is developed, based on ... | eng_Latn | 56,217 |
ω-Azido fatty acids as probes to detect fatty acid biosynthesis, degradation, and modification | FAs play a central role in the metabolism of almost all known cellular life forms. Although GC-MS is regarded as a standard method for FA analysis, other methods, such as HPLC/MS, are nowadays widespread but are rarely applied to FA analysis. Here we present azido-FAs as probes that can be used to study FA biosynthesis (elongation, desaturation) or degradation (β-oxidation) upon their uptake, activation, and metabolic conversion. These azido-FAs are readily accessible by chemical synthesis and their metabolic products can be easily detected after click-chemistry based derivatization with high sensitivity by HPLC/MS, contributing a powerful tool to FA analysis, and hence, lipid analysis in general. | Fuzzy systems have been successfully used in the area of controllers for a long time. The Mamdani method is one of the most popular inference systems for practical applications. The main problem of Mamdani-type inference system and other fuzzy logic based controllers is how to gain the fuzzy rules the inference system based on. Several approaches have been proposed for automatic rule base identification. The bacterial type evolutionary algorithms have been successfully applied for solving this task. These algorithms are based on the Pseudo-Bacterial Genetic Algorithm and are supplied with operations and methods (e.g. the Levenberg-Marquardt method) to complete their task more efficiently. The goal is to create more accurate fuzzy rule bases from input-output data sets as quickly as possible. In this work, we summarize the bacterial type evolutionary algorithms used for fuzzy rule base identification. | eng_Latn | 56,221 |
Design of robust adaptive observer for nonlinear TS fuzzy system with unknown inputs | This paper deals with robust estimation of states and unknown inputs for a class of non linear system described by Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy models. The proposed approach is developed on the basis of adaptive Luenberger observer theory. A robustness study, using the L 2 technique, is carried out to take in consideration the model uncertainties. Unknown inputs estimation is ensured through a fuzzy proportional integral adaptive law, computed from an accurate observer outputs which allow a fast dynamic estimation. Design conditions are formulated into Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) terms. Numerical example is given to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed techniques. | This chapter is devoted to problems of the control of an observation process under various assumptions concerning the measurement matrix and the intensity of noise. A general procedure for constructing optimal observation laws is given. Specific procedures are obtained and investigated for particular cases. | eng_Latn | 56,222 |
The study of the control circuit of type ZDH-36 electric dreg pressure welder | According to the development of the electric welder at home and abroad and the demanding characteristics of the domestic market, this paper analyzes the control circuit of Type ZDH-36 automatic electric dreg pressure welder and points out the problems existing in its application. Under the designing idea of security, energy-conservation, environment protection and high-quality, we put forward the designing thought and program for the improvement and electromechanics' integrated transformation to the traditional welders using single chip microcomputer control technology. | Directed against the principle of count by time-sharing and based on the parameter model of electrolytic zinc process,an optimization model of power supply for electrolytic zinc is established in this paper.Particle swarm optimization algorithm is applied in time-sharing power supply optimal dispatching system,obtaining optimal time-sharing power supply scheme to production.Results show that this system can effectively decrease the power consumption and create great economic profits. | eng_Latn | 56,230 |
Mechanic-electrical transformations in the Kelvin method | Abstract To explain the initiation mechanism of alternating current in an electric circuit containing the dynamic capacitor a model of mechanic- electrical transformation is suggested to use. In such a model, electric charges disposed between the capacitor plates serve as a cause of measured signal in contrast to the contact potential difference, which is considered as the main base in the Kelvin’s model. If one of the plates moves periodically, then the conditions of the charges screening are changed and thereby the capacitor recharging current is arise. The measuring is based on compensation of the recharging current by current, which generated by a source of electromotive force (EMF). The compensation voltage depends on both the distribution of ions or dipoles over the studied surface and the charges creating the surface potential barrier. This voltage is independent on the bulk electro-physical characteristics of a solid. | The study of the stability of many stochastic processes as Markov chains needs sometimes to use eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the transition matrix. This paper is an investigation on a methodology which computes fuzzy eigenvalues and fuzzy eigenvectors within the context of a fuzzy Markov chain transition matrix, under max-min composition. | eng_Latn | 56,232 |
Adaptive Noise Cancellation Using Partially Recurrent Fuzzy System | In this paper, a partially recurrent fuzzy system is developed to function as an adaptive noise canceller. In order to cancel noise distorting the information signal, the temporal information (dynamics) underlying the noise source and the distorting noise, which is generated by the noise source passing through some unknown channels, should be captured accurately. For this purpose, short-term memory is embedded into the input layer of the fuzzy system for handling local time information and internal feedback is introduced into the consequent part for processing global time information by virtue of a partially recurrent mechanism. A novel adaptive algorithm is proposed to tune the parameters of the premise and consequent part online. Simulation studies show that the proposed fuzzy system can cancel noise cancellation successfully for nonlinear dynamic channels. | A new estimator for a four-element plane array is introduced in order to get acoustic-passive direction estimation of targets.We concern much about the performance of the estimator under a two-target situation.In this paper,the two targets concerned are of the same type of acoustic source.Under different signal to interfere ratios,we propose the change of the precision of the direction estimation as the angle between the two targets changes.Our study was done under the real time Warfield situation,and may help the design of small acoustic-passive direction estimation arrays. | eng_Latn | 56,242 |
Parametric optimization of ECM process parameters by MOORA method | The selection of optimum machining condition, during electro chemical machining process is of great concern in manufacturing industries these days the increasing quality demands, at higher productivity levels; require the electro chemical machining process to be executed more efficiently. Specifically, the MRR needs to be maximized while controlling the power consumption. In this study mild steel is used as a work piece, tool size is used 1.8×1.8 cm and distilled water is used as a dielectric fluid. For experimentation Taguchi’s orthogonal array has been used. The input parameters selected for optimization are voltage, feed rate, electrolyte concentration. Parametric optimization technique is completed using MOORA method and found best parametric combination for both responses. | A combination of different electric energy supply with different feature is designed for high acceleration and high ranges and improves the whole system properties. Energy supply system with energy hybridization of high energy and high power need an intelligent management system in order to control power and state of charge. In this paper we proposed a fuzzy prediction control strategy of energy management system (EMS) based on a new forward-looking and causal structure model. This control strategy is mainly consisted of three controllers, including SOC prediction controller, recharge controller and power allocation controller. Simulation result shows that the driving range, the fuel economy and efficiency of fuzzy prediction control strategy have rapidly improvement compared with simple allocation (look-up table) control strategy. In the next step we will apply this control strategy with actual EV through "dspace autobox". | eng_Latn | 56,251 |
Estimation of aliasing error in layered coding system | This paper theoretically investigates data distortion caused by resolution conversion in DCT (discrete cosine transform) based layered coding system. The system is attractive because it can not only compress large amounts of video data but also convert the scale of reconstructed pictures. However only a few attempts have so far been made at the degree of aliasing error. In this paper we treat the DCT system as a filter bank so that we can evaluate the system in the frequency domain. As a result of our study the system is theoretically evaluated from the multirate stand point and the DCT system is compared with other layered coding systems, e.g. subband coding and Gaussian/Laplacian pyramid, by means of one objective measure. > | A combination of different electric energy supply with different feature is designed for high acceleration and high ranges and improves the whole system properties. Energy supply system with energy hybridization of high energy and high power need an intelligent management system in order to control power and state of charge. In this paper we proposed a fuzzy prediction control strategy of energy management system (EMS) based on a new forward-looking and causal structure model. This control strategy is mainly consisted of three controllers, including SOC prediction controller, recharge controller and power allocation controller. Simulation result shows that the driving range, the fuel economy and efficiency of fuzzy prediction control strategy have rapidly improvement compared with simple allocation (look-up table) control strategy. In the next step we will apply this control strategy with actual EV through "dspace autobox". | eng_Latn | 56,264 |
Velocity relaxed and craziness-based swarm optimized intelligent PID and PSS controlled AVR system | This paper explores a comparative performance study of two new classes of particle swarm optimization techniques, one with velocity update relaxation (VURPSO) and the other based on novel position, velocity updating strategy and craziness (CRPSO). Both VURPSO and CRPSO highly enhance searching ability. Genetic algorithm (GA) is considered for the sake of comparison. Finally, it is revealed that while applying in two power systems applications (PID controlled AVR system, PSS controlled AVR system), VURPSO exhibits better transient performance than CRPSO/GA. For on-line, off-nominal conditions, Takagi Sugeno fuzzy logic is applied to obtain on-line responses for both the system models. | There is a wide range of performance models being developed for the performance evaluation of parallel and distributed systems. A performance modelling approach described in this paper is based on a layered framework of the PACE methodology. With an initial implementation system, the model described by a performance specification language, CHIP/sup 3/S, can provide a capability for rapid calculation of relevant performance information without sacrificing accuracy of predictions. An example of the performance evaluation of an ASCI kernel application, Sweep3D, is used to illustrate the approach. The validation results on different parallel and distributed architectures with different problem sizes show a reasonable accuracy (approximately 12% error at most) can be obtained, allows cross-platform comparisons to be easily undertaken, and has a rapid evaluation time (typically less than 2s). | eng_Latn | 56,269 |
Control of Fuel Cell Distributed Generation interface to mitigate voltage disturbances in distribution system | This paper presents controller design and simulation study of a Fuel Cell (FC) Distributed Generation (DG) interface to mitigate voltage disturbance in distribution systems. The fuzzy sliding mode controller design for the voltage source converter is presented to control the reactive power and voltage disturbance mitigation in the utility grid. According to the developed MATLAB/Simulink simulation model for the FCDG system, simulation results are given to show voltage regulation capability of the proposed control strategy in distribution system. | A number of multifunction sensors deployed randomly with limited energy is one character of wireless sensor networks, so energy efficient is a critical factor in sensor network design. In this literature, we present a clustering protocol based on Virtual Area Partition using Double Cluster Heads scheme (VAP-DCH) for wireless sensor networks, which partitions the network and selects a Main Cluster Head (MCH) and a Vice Cluster Head (VCH) in each cluster adaptively. The simulation results show that the protocol we presented improves the system performance, prolongs the network lifetime and transfers more data to the base station.. | eng_Latn | 56,279 |
PLUG LOAD IDENTIFICATION IN EDUCATIONAL BUILDINGS USING MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS | Plug loads accounts for 20% to 30% of building energy consumption and has an increasing trend. Automatic plug load identification is one of the technique for effectively managing the plug load consumption. There are several studies on Non Intrusive load monitoring (NILM) but limited studies on Intrusive load monitoring (ILM). ILM is a technique that uses a low end power meter on every plug load to monitor it’s power consumption. In this paper, machine-learning techniques are applied on low-frequency ILM data for identification of plug load and it’s state (ON/Sleep). The results show the identification accuracies are close to 98%. | In the past 19 years,while China's urbanization was fast-developing,a series of problems related to urbanization were there upon production.In this paper,based on spectrum characteristic of knowledge method,the thematic information of three periods of LUCC were extracted from Landsat TM,ETM + and CBERS-2.Combing with the GIS technology,the land-use transfer matrix from 1987 to 2006 were obtained.Besides,the LUCC models were applied to analyze the characteristic of land use change from 1987 to 2006.Based on the land-use change map and land-use transfer matrix,spatial dynamic characteristic and land-use conversion of the study area were analyzed.The research could provide suggestions for land management and making policy for local government. | yue_Hant | 56,282 |
Fast detection of wool content in wool/polyester blended fabric by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy technology | To speed up the testing and analysis accuracy of textile fibers,80 pure wool samples,80 pure polyester samples and 150 wool / polyester blended fabrics were taken as research objects for analysis in this paper. Collecting the near infrared spectra of this samples,and selecting the mean value centralization and reciprocal and multiplicative scatter correction as the preprocess method,calibration models for wool content were established with Partial Least Square( PLS). To verify the models,wool content prediction of 50 samples was conducted. The experimental results showed that: the absolute average value of wool content was 1. 036 4%,and the standard deviation was 0. 695 4%. This study provided powerful evidence of Near- Infrared Spectroscopy to detect the content of textiles. | In this paper a new method of neural filtering using artificial neural network systems is presented for the filtering problems of linear and nonlinear, stationary and nonstationary stochastic signals. The neural filter (denoted neurofilter) developed in this paper has either finite impulse response (FIR) structure or infinite impulse response (IIR) structure. The neurofilter differs from the conventional linear digital FIR and IIR filters because the artificial neural network system used in the neurofilter has a nonlinear structure due to the sigmoid function. Numerical studies for the estimation of a second-order Butterworth process are performed by changing the structures of the neurofilter in order to evaluate the performance indices under changes of the output noises or disturbances. The results obtained from these studies verified the capabilities which are essentially necessary for on-line filtering of various stochastic signals. | eng_Latn | 56,287 |
OPTIMUM SYNTHESIS OF FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER FOR TRAJECTORY TRACKING BY DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION | Abstract Differential Evolution (DE) and Genetic Algorithms (GA) are population based search algorithms that come under the category of evolutionary optimization techniques. In the present study, these evolutionary methods have been utilized to conduct the optimum design of a fuzzy controller for mobile robot trajectory tracking. Comparison between their performances has also been conducted. In this paper, we will present a fuzzy controller to the problem of mobile robot path tracking for a CEDRA rescue robot. After designing the fuzzy tracking controller, the membership functions will be optimized by evolutionary algorithms in order to obtain more acceptable results. | In this paper a study for very high efficiency targeting 99 % range converter is described. We have proposed a new soft switching boost type chopper based on snubber assisted zero voltage and zero current transition (SAZZ) with output diode fabricated “SiC schottky diode”. The output power of 8 kW with the efficiency of 98.96% was obtained. The loss breakdown evaluation of SiC-SAZZ is discussed. | yue_Hant | 56,289 |
Design of decision device for the adaptation of decision directed equalizers | Adaptation of the coefficients of an equalizer usually takes place in the decision directed mode. The decision used for adaptation has a profound influence on the performance of the equalizer. In this work, we consider the influence of the probabilistic model used by a soft information decision device on the performance of the equalizer. It is shown that the equalizer output is distributed as a Gaussian Mixture, and these statistics are used to form a soft-decision device. We show that this is very near optimal in the sense of the Recursive Expected Least Squares algorithm introduced in prior work. Sub-optimal decision devices that are often more practical are also introduced and the loss of performance as a result of using these is considered. | Summary form only. The author introduces the concept of a dynamic parameter, a concept based on the fact that a component (for this study, an electric motor) possesses many attributes of a dynamic role. A system's function can be expressed as a function of the motor-related sensors, interlocks, instrumentation, and other actuating devices. This process can be used to build intelligent structures. These structures would be expert-defined and become powerful communication highways which include traditional or classical engineering relationships as well as specific new relationships defined in the present work. > | eng_Latn | 56,296 |
Wavelet transforms: Application to data analysis - II | In this article, we elaborate upon the key ideas underlying the construction of various wavelet basis sets. The roles of translation and scaling, which enable the wavelets to localize variations at desired levels of resolution, are clearly brought out. After explaining the implementation of one dimensional wavelet transform, we illustrate their usefulness through the analysis of a data set. | The study of the stability of many stochastic processes as Markov chains needs sometimes to use eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the transition matrix. This paper is an investigation on a methodology which computes fuzzy eigenvalues and fuzzy eigenvectors within the context of a fuzzy Markov chain transition matrix, under max-min composition. | eng_Latn | 56,301 |
Fuzzy modelling using wavelet transforms | A new approach to fuzzy modelling using wavelet transforms is proposed. A fuzzy inference system with some minor restrictions and modifications can function as a discrete wavelet transform. The feasibility of the proposed fuzzy model is proved by modelling a highly nonlinear function and comparing it with previous research. | A weightedL2 norm is introduced in which Markov operators, e.g., associated with noisy maps, are contracting provided the kernel (i.e., the transitional distribution) is smooth enough. This results in strong relaxational properties of noisy maps. Similar to this norm, integral functionals appear useful when studying spatiotemporal chaos and random fields. | eng_Latn | 56,302 |
A comprehensive study of visual event computing | Fusion of AV features and external information sources for event detection in team sports video | Dead-time elimination method and current polarity detection circuit for three-phase PWM-controlled inverter | eng_Latn | 56,305 |
predicting flight delays with artificial neural networks : case study of an airport . | Prediction of weather-induced airline delays based on machine learning algorithms | Design and development of precision agriculture system using wireless sensor network | eng_Latn | 56,357 |
Design and Application of Alarm Light Circuit for Intelligent Management System of Coal Mine Equipment | The intelligent management of the coal mine blasting equipment storehouse can regulate the storage of the explosive material by the real-time monitoring(temperature, humidity, pressure and vibration) of the storage environment of the blasting equipment. Fingerprint identification was used for opening the door to verify, through the computer or mobile phone remote control, switch door behavior and real-time monitoring data by the computer system records for the record, set the alarm function to make the product more safe and reliable, design of the alarm circuit test run normal. | The aim of this study is to develop a method based on fuzzy logic theory to accurately and effectively monitor a phase of a distribution line regarding its ampacity level; a crucial towards the health of the power system procedure. Especially on the era of competitive electricity markets where electricity demand is formed based solely on the level of the prevailing electricity usage price at each particular time instance. All the data have been acquired by using the GridLAB-D simulation platform, while the fuzzy logic algorithm has been implemented and tested using the fuzzy logic toolbox of Matlab. | eng_Latn | 56,428 |
Building Energy Management Systems — Optimization of comfort and energy use | Building Energy Management Systems (BEMS) have been introduced in the built environment as a mechanism to increase the energy efficiency while maintaining the required comfort levels. BEMS also offers promising flexibility for Demand Side Management and Demand Responses (DSM&DR) to interact with Smart Grids. Through the use of intelligent control techniques, BEMS can be optimized to exploit the built environment' flexibility while ensuring the minimum comfort levels required by the building's user. This paper presents an analysis framework for BEMS based on a state of the art literature review. Furthermore, Simscape is introduced as a simulation tool that can model effectively sub-systems in the BEMS. | In the overall ownership cost of enterprise system, the maintenance cost consists of a major percentage. During the lifetime of an enterprise system, process customization is the most frequent maintenance efforts. However, current processing method has limited scalability and efficiency. In this case study, we explained how a scalable and efficient customization processing method was implemented. This method used the carbon emission trading mechanism to facilitate the cost benefit analysis of customization request. It also used distributed processing principle to improve the overall processing efficiency. Feedback from a pilot implementation in a large manufacturer included. | eng_Latn | 56,438 |
Applied Computational Fluid Dynamics | Governing equations numerical techniques turbulence modelling grid generation inlets, ducts and nozzle flows turbomachinery flows materials processing and manufacturing thermal control of electronic equipment air quality modelling appendix - governing equations in various systems. | The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of the developed Fuzzy control techniques in dam operation. The simulated results for the 1984, 1990, and 1995 flood events are compared with historical operation results in the view of flood control and disaster prevention. The three models developed in this study determine the outflows based on the two conditions the first one is to consider only two inputs such as reservoir water level and inflow, for operation of the existing situations, the second one is that the possible maximum discharge from each dam does not exceed the allowable design maximum discharge for disaster prevention in downstream area. As the results, it was shown that the suggested models based on Fuzzy control technique could reduce both the peak water level and the maximum peak discharge compared with the historical operation results. | kor_Hang | 56,441 |
CONSTRAINED NONLINEAR MINIMUM MSE ESTIMATION | We address the problem of minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) estimation where the estimator is constrained to belong to a predefined set of functions. We derive a simple closed form formula that reveals the structure of the restricted estimator for a wide class of constraints. Using this formula we study various types of constrained estimation problems that arise commonly in the fields of signal processing and communication. | Aimed at the problem of the configuration program of road maintenance machinery index difficult to quantify, by using the method of fuzzy comprehensive in highway maintenance machinery configuration evaluation, depicted some fuzzy phenomena with subjective qualitative description , closely integrated quantitative analysis and subjective qualitative description. Try to find a reasonable and workable evaluation approach. So that make the mechanization of highway maintenance and construction more scientific and practical | yue_Hant | 56,446 |
Variable Structure System for Electric Arc Furnace Control | Variable structure controllers that can be effectively applied to control an electric arc furnace are investigated in this paper. A gereral formulation and solution of the variable structure system design problem is presented together with some guidlines for the choice of a suitable model following. A state space reduction method is applied to reduce the dominant dynamic order and hence simplify the design process. The effects of switching surface, modelling, gain polarity and magnitude are discussed. | This paper systematically analyzes main factors affecting the decision of bracing system for deep foundation pits; establishes an index system of evaluation scheme and a multiobjective fuzzy optimum model of bracing schemes through fuzzy mathematical theory; and puts forward rational methods of the definiteness of objective weight and quantitating qualitative objects. A case study shows that the decision method is effective and easy to operate. | eng_Latn | 56,453 |
Generator maintenance scheduling: a fuzzy system approach with genetic enhancement | Abstract A fuzzy system approach with genetic enhancement that has been applied to generator maintenance scheduling is presented in this paper. In the proposed approach, the fuzzy system was formulated with respect to multiple objectives and soft constraints. This includes a formulation process that was enhanced with a genetic search for tuning membership functions in the fuzzy sets. By this way, those parameters related to membership functions can be optimally adjusted. The computational performance is also improved. The proposed approach has been tested on a practical Taiwan Power system (Taipower) through the utility data. The results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the approach for generator maintenance scheduling applications. | The following casestudy provides a workflow perspective on the Grid ENabled Integrated Earth system modelling (GENIE) framework, which was introduced in Vol. 2. | eng_Latn | 56,471 |
Automated Support for Maintenance Management in High Technology Industry | Advancing technology in industrial equipment is straining the ability of maintenance organizations to keep pace. Several examples of computer-aided maintenance concepts which reduce dependence upon individuals and provide for accumulation and recall of experience are offered. Attention is directed to those areas of maintenance which are infrequently served by corporate programs. The suggested methods require only simple computing systems and programs. They can be implemented and operated by maintenance engineers and supervisors. Planning tools are provided to assist managers in guiding the direction of the maintenance. | This paper reports on the development of MATLAB tools for analysis and design of multirate control systems. The routines developed are applied to a case study of designing power system stabilizers. | eng_Latn | 56,478 |
Ampacity level monitoring utilizing fuzzy logic theory in deregulated power markets | The aim of this study is to develop a method based on fuzzy logic theory to accurately and effectively monitor a phase of a distribution line regarding its ampacity level; a crucial towards the health of the power system procedure. Especially on the era of competitive electricity markets where electricity demand is formed based solely on the level of the prevailing electricity usage price at each particular time instance. All the data have been acquired by using the GridLAB-D simulation platform, while the fuzzy logic algorithm has been implemented and tested using the fuzzy logic toolbox of Matlab. | In this work is studied the automation of a railway cable laying system using a PLC as regulator, where the objective is to keep as stable as possible the stress of the cable being laid. As the system was completely manual, a previous work has been needed in order to set both sensors and actuators so that the system can be electrically controlled. Different tests were done in order to find out the relationship between the different variables, and to propose a regulator algorithm according to these. The obtained results show that the system is properly automated via PLC using the designed regulator. | eng_Latn | 56,490 |
An associated linear system approach for solving fully fuzzy linear system with hexagonal fuzzy number | An associated linear system has been previously employed to solve Fully Fuzzy Linear System (FFLS) with trapezoidal or triangular fuzzy numbers (TFNs). This paper proposes a modified associated linear system for solving FFLS with a positive hexagonal fuzzy number (HFN). FFLS is proved to be an equivalent linear system to the modified associated linear system. Subsequently, the solution can be represented and obtained using any classical linear system method. The required theorems are derived to inspect a sufficient and necessary condition in order to solve the system. An example is given to illustrate our work. | In order to promote the comprehensive study of the whole problem of ecological housing, this paper uses the principle of the method AHP system model, established a set of evaluation system for rural ecological performance, in order to make scientific evaluation for rural housing overall ecological performance. And based on the analysis of determining evaluation system indicators weights, the paper conducted a systematic analysis of comprehensive assessment of rural housing ecological performance. In this paper, research methods to establish evaluation system model with AHP (analytic hierarchy process) provide new ideas for systematic study of rural residential ecological assessment. This will help improve the ecological state of the environment in rural areas. | eng_Latn | 56,492 |
Feasibility study of solar flat collectors using thermal energy storage | Energy storage during a phase change material (PCM) is fascinating because of its high energy storage capability and its isothermal behaviour during the process. A flat solar collector system using PCM is theoretically investigated and the obtained results are compared with an experimental study. Paraffin wax RT 65 is used as the PCM in thermal energy storage (TES) systems. The considered system is also designed for using the stored energy inside the tank which contains PCM material, by circulating water through it after sunset. Because of indirect exposure of the PCM content to the sun, rise in water temperature is more considerable in comparison to the system with directly exposed PCM. In other words, this arrangement gains more thermal energy from the sun. | In this paper, by means of data mining techniques, a platform of data warehouse is designed after preprocessing the huge amounts original data of power system, and a system for short term load forecasting (STLF) is developed, in which there is the synthetic technology of both fuzzy clustering and robust regression model in the platform. The useful data excavated from large amounts of data can offer the effective and accurate load forecasting information for reliable and economic operation of power systems. The validity of the designed system for STLF is shown by the simulation results of an actual power system in China. | eng_Latn | 56,501 |
The general form linearizer algorithms: A new family of approximate mean value analysis algorithms | Approximate Mean Value Analysis (AMVA) is a popular technique for analyzing queueing network models due to the accuracy and efficiency that it affords. Currently, there is no algorithm that is more accurate than, and yet has the same computational cost as, the Linearizer algorithm, one of the most popular among different AMVA algorithms that trade off accuracy and efficiency. In this paper, we present a new family of AMVA algorithms, termed the General Form Linearizer (GFL) algorithms, for analyzing product-form queueing networks. The Linearizer algorithm is a special instance of this family. We show that some GFL algorithms yield more accurate solutions than, and have the same numerical properties and computational complexities as, the Linearizer algorithm. We also examine the numerical properties and computational costs of different implementations of the new and existing AMVA algorithms. | The study of the stability of many stochastic processes as Markov chains needs sometimes to use eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the transition matrix. This paper is an investigation on a methodology which computes fuzzy eigenvalues and fuzzy eigenvectors within the context of a fuzzy Markov chain transition matrix, under max-min composition. | eng_Latn | 56,508 |
In this paper, we propose a communication support tool for understanding emotion in an unstable narrowband network. The tool can reflect some emotion with a selected voice to character-based real time communication such as chat. The voice data is transmitted asynchronously and stored in local storage. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of communication to play voice data according to emotion, we implemented web-based voice contents classified according to some massage types and primitive emotion. | In this paper, we propose an intuitive live video streaming system based on virtual reality technologies among people who are far apart. This system is a kind of server-client system, and can provide remote users with virtual 3D audiovisual fields in real time via a very-high-speed network. The server captures audio and video data from its clients, compiles them into a 3D audiovisual scene at a virtual conference, and broadcasts it to the clients. At the present stage, our system captures 2 videos and creates one 3D video at a time. Our system can play 3D audiovisual contents on Windows XP systems as well as on CAVE systems. Currently, our system can play the 3D video contents at about 2.36 fps under a LAN environment. | While video-based feedback has become an increasingly salient feature of practice in high performance sport, it has received relatively little attention in the coaching literature. Data for this study were generated through a process of collaborative critical reflection and cyclical, in-depth interviews with elite female footballers. Using fictional narratives as a mode of representation, we highlight the emotional, embodied, and relational features of two athletes’ experiences of video-based feedback. Burkitt’s writings addressing (complex) emotions and social relations are used as the primary sense-making framework. Consequently, the analysis is grounded in the interconnections between sensate, corporeal experience, and the power relations and interdependencies in which high performance athletes are enmeshed. | eng_Latn | 56,560 |
Video-Hypnosis—The Provision of Specialized Therapy via Videoconferencing | Hypnosis is not normally accessible to patients living in remote areas. We conducted a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of providing hypnosis via videoconferencing, using ISDN at 384 kbit/s. Eleven of 15 patients invited to do so took part. Ten of the 11 stated that they were satisfied with the video-hypnosis session and all indicated that they would like to have further video-hypnosis sessions in the future. Sound quality and image quality were acceptable during nearly all sessions, in spite of some interference as a result of technical problems and weather conditions. The results suggest that hypnosis can be provided successfully via videoconferencing. | This article begins by reviewing the evolution of the housing counseling industry and discussing the opportunities and challenges of adopting a “fee for service” model of housing counseling. We then highlight two recent business model innovations that have emerged in response to the foreclosure crisis—the Mortgage Resolution Fund in Chicago and the Occupied Homes Program in New York City. | eng_Latn | 56,562 |
Quantifying immersion in virtual reality | Disney's Aladdin: first steps toward storytelling in virtual reality | The impact of introversion/extroversion on online shopping intention (Case study: Computer and cell phone accessories) | eng_Latn | 56,573 |
The use of virtual reality in acrophobia research and treatment. | Virtual reality exposure therapy for PTSD Vietnam veterans: A case study | engineering 2 - 1 - 2003 personality types in software engineering . | eng_Latn | 56,582 |
Virtual reality exposure therapy for PTSD Vietnam veterans: A case study | Effectiveness of computer-generated (virtual reality) graded exposure in the treatment of acrophobia | Coding Together at Scale: GitHub as a Collaborative Social Network | eng_Latn | 56,585 |
Hyperprobe: towards virtual machine extrospection | an empirical study into the security exposure to hosts of hostile virtualized environments tavis . | running head : character and life satisfaction self - and peer - rated character strengths : how do they relate to satisfaction with life and orientations to happiness ? . | eng_Latn | 56,654 |
what is a virtual mvpd | of network providers have created a platform for a new era of video service delivery that. completely de-couples the service provider from the network provider. A Virtual Multichannel Video Programming Distributor (V-MVPD) can offer a broad range. of premium video content as any other Cable MSO or a video service provider over the. Internet, but without having to own any network infrastructure. Today, OTT players like. | Almost 2,000 Veterans have enrolled into the Million Veteran Program (MVP) at the Durham VAMC. MVP is a national, voluntary research program designed to study how genes affect health and illness. Walk-in appointments are welcome. The MVP Office is located on the ground floor in room EG003. | eng_Latn | 56,657 |
Fault tolerance and storage reduction in binary search trees | Local concurrent error detection and correction in data structures using virtual back pointers | Impaired HDL cholesterol efflux in metabolic syndrome is unrelated to glucose tolerance status: the CODAM study | eng_Latn | 56,671 |
Administration of Blood By Registered Nurses-Joint Statement by California Medical Association, California Hospital Association and California Nurses' Association. | After several years of favorable experience with registered nurses giving intravenous injections of fluids under the criteria set out in a joint statement by the California Medical Association, the California Hospital Association and the California Nurses' Association, it was proposed that it would be appropriate for registered nurses to administer blood. Careful study of current experience in various places with registered nurses giving blood transfusions convinced a joint committee that it recommend the adoption of the following statement which was approved by the associations indicated. | Scalable hardware interconnect is a significant research challenge for neuromorphic systems in particular, this becomes more pronounced when we seek to realise the integration of neurons with astrocytes cells. This paper presents a novel interactive architecture for the astrocyte-neuron network (ANN) hardware systems, and the novel Hierarchical Astrocyte Network Architecture (HANA) using networks-on-chip (NoC) for the efficient information exchange between astrocyte cells. The proposed HANA incorporates a two-level NoC packet transmission mechanism to increase the information exchange rate between astrocyte cells and to provide a NoC traffic balance for local and global astrocyte networks. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed HANA approach can provide efficient information exchange rates for the ANN, while the hardware synthesis results using 90 nm CMOS technology show that it has a low area overhead which maintains scalability. | eng_Latn | 56,698 |
Design of emergency remote security monitoring and control system based on ARM | Aim at the environment for the lack of power, the paper adopts S3C6410 to design emergency remote security monitoring and control system based on ARM processor, and introduces detailed hardware structure and software design. The system encodes the video of client by H.264. | We study the Radiation-Induced Mismatch Enhancement (RIME) in 65 nm CMOS SRAM block designed for space applications. X-ray and heavy ion irradiation increase the number of non-rewriting cells. | eng_Latn | 56,712 |
A reusable BIST with software assisted repair technology for improved memory and IO debug, validation and test time | DRAM errors in the wild: a large-scale field study | Empirically Supported Psychological Interventions: Controversies and Evidence | eng_Latn | 56,719 |
Understanding Energy Aspects of Processing-near-Memory for HPC Workloads | Interests in the concept of processing-near-memory (PNM) have been reignited with recent improvements of the 3D integration technology. In this work, we analyze the energy consumption characteristics of a system which comprises a conventional processor and a 3D memory stack with fully-programmable cores. We construct a high-level analytical energy model based on the underlying architecture and the technology with which each component is built. From the preliminary experiments with 11 HPC benchmarks from Mantevo benchmark suite, we observed that misses per kilo instructions (MPKI) of last-level cache (LLC) is one of the most important characteristics in determining the friendliness of the application to the PNM execution. | Summary. This paper presents some results of a case study about the characteristics of the interactions between pupils in groupworks, in the context of an innovative teaching experience of Physics at university level. Videorecordings were carried ou t during classes of the unit on Thermodynamics and some pupils from a focal group were interviewed. Analysis focused on group processes from the linguistic, social and cognitive perspectives. Results suggest that sharing cognitive processes by a group o f student, through reasoning and argumentation, may be an answer to the challenges of teaching practice at university level. | eng_Latn | 56,755 |
Physical implementation of an ASIC-oriented SRAM-based viterbi decoder | Noise plays a key role in data storage and transmission circuits and systems, a threat to data integrity. Hence, it is essential in these circuits to use some form of redundancy with Forward Error Correction (FEC) schemes to prevent data loss or re-transmission, or both. Convolutional coding represents a good trade-off between both performance and encoding/decoding circuit complexity when the Viterbi algorithm is applied. After a review of the decoding algorithm and its architectural design, this paper presents and discusses the physical implementation of a Viterbi decoder hardware accelerator in CMOS 180 nm process. This article exposes fundamental aspects of the physical design, investigating how the SRAM memory IP blocks impacted the overall die floorplan and its detailed routing. | We model cross-market Bitcoin prices as long-memory processes and study dynamic interdependence in a fractionally cointegrated VAR framework. We find long-memory in both the individual markets and the system of markets depicting non-homogeneous informational inefficiency. Moreover, Bitcoin markets are found to be fractionally cointegrated, where uncertainty negatively impacts this type of cointegration relationship. | eng_Latn | 56,756 |
Study of the soft X-ray streak camera static characteristic | The soft X ray streak camera is very important detection tool for studying soft ray time characteristics. We calibrated its relative energy response and gain with synchrotron radiation light source on the BSEF. The experimental results agree with those calculated by B.L. Henke. | We present a class of relaxed memory models, defined in Coq, parameterised by the chosen permitted local reorderings of reads and writes, and by the visibility of inter- and intra-processor communications through memory (e.g. store atomicity relaxation). We prove results on the required behaviour and placement of memory fences to restore a given model (such as Sequential Consistency) from a weaker one. Based on this class of models we develop a tool, diy, that systematically and automatically generates and runs litmus tests. These tests can be used to explore the behaviour of processor implementations and the behaviour of models, and hence to compare the two against each other. We detail the results of experiments on Power and a model we base on them. | eng_Latn | 56,764 |
Assessing and Compensating for Zero-Lag Correlation Effects in Time-Lagged Granger Causality Analysis of fMRI | Effective connectivity in brain networks can be studied using Granger causality analysis, which is based on temporal precedence, while functional connectivity is usually derived using zero-lag correlation. Due to the smoothing of the neuronal activity by the hemodynamic response inherent in the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) acquisition process, Granger causality, as normally computed from fMRI data, may be contaminated by zero-lag correlation. Simulations performed in this paper showed that the zero-lag correlation does “leak” into estimates of time-lagged causality. To eliminate this leak, we introduce a method in which the zero-lag influences are explicitly modeled in the vector autoregressive model but omitted while calculating Granger causality. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated using fMRI data obtained from healthy humans performing a verbal working memory task. | An instruction-level simulator for IBM 3090 with VF (vector facility) has been developed for studying the performance of vector processors and their memory hierarchies. Results of a study of the locality of several large scientific applications are presented. The cache miss ratios of vectorized applications are found to be almost equal to those of their original scalar executions. Moreover, both the spatial and temporal locality of these applications (in scalar and vector executions) are strong enough to show a sufficiently high hit ratio on conventional cache structures.<<ETX>> | eng_Latn | 56,814 |
Reliability and Performance Trade-off Study of Heterogeneous Memories | Flipping bits in memory without accessing them: An experimental study of DRAM disturbance errors | Penile Length Alterations Following Penile Prosthesis Surgery | eng_Latn | 56,965 |
Reliability and Performance Trade-off Study of Heterogeneous Memories | Flipping bits in memory without accessing them: An experimental study of DRAM disturbance errors | Algorithms column: The computation of market equilibria | eng_Latn | 56,970 |
A flat, bi-planar display panel consisting primarily of a cathodoluminescent light emitting screen comparable to existing cathode ray tubes, and an array of photocathodes to produce electrons for the phosphor screen and to address picture elements. The scanning system consists of integral opto-electronic shift registers, with photocathodes and luminescent anodes as active elements, picture elements addressed by electrical and optical signals from these registers. | A literature study of dynamic congestion pricing is presented. The conceptual framework for the optimal toll design problem in dynamic traffic networks comprised of three levels is described. Dynamic congestion pricing methods with uniform or time-varying tolls over the day are proposed. The congestion problem subject to the user equilibrium (UE) level was formulatedas a bi-level programming problem using the Mathematical Programming withEquilibrium Constraints (MPEC) method. The uniform and time-varying pricing was link-based and second-best pricing was applied. An iterative algorithm was developed to solve the road-pricing problem, including route choice and departure time choice. This indicated that users tended to adapt their departure times to pay less. The proposed model and solution algorithm were applied to a hypothetical network. For the covering entry of this conference please see ITRD E132365 | Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights. | eng_Latn | 57,336 |
Risk assessment of geological hazard is the study of damage degree of human life and property affected by the geological disaster. It is of great importance for reducing harm level of geological hazard fatalness, preventing and controlling of geological disaster. As an example in Wudu area of Longnan City, we choose topography, lithology, meteorology, hydrology and human activity as the hazard assessment factors, on the basis of detailed investigation of geological conditions in study area. Then, adding the importance of the residents activity area as a risk assessment factor, we have finished the geological hazard assessment and its risk assessment by GIS combined with AHP. The result shows that the proportions of geological hazard risk of non-risk, low-risk, medium-risk and high-risk area are respectively 31%, 14%, 25% and 30%. | Based on analytical hierarchy process(AHP),this paper established the pairing comparison matrix. Taking characteristic vectors of the pairing comparison matrices as the weights of assessmaent factors for typical landslide, the influence order of the assessment factors was determined. Assessment indices of hazard degree for landslide are set up and the grade of landslide hazard degree was defined. They provide a basis for warning and control of landslide. | Immigration and globalization are at historic highs, making biculturalism, whether by way of immigration-based proximal acculturation or globalization-based remote acculturation, increasingly a com... | eng_Latn | 57,340 |
A systematic approach to the realization and design of actively compensated two OA voltage amplifiers | Several actively compensated voltage amplifiers (ACVAs) employing two operational amplifiers have been reported separately in the recent literature. In this article, the results of a systematic and comprehensive study of both non-inverting and inverting such ACVAs are presented. Using a combination of practical and theoretical considerations, ACVAs are first divided into classess. Each class is further divided into types. Realizability conditions are then derived for each of the different types. These conditions lead directly to a set of useful realizations. the performance of each realization is considered in detail with respect to several practical considerations of interest, such as magnitude and phase errors, effect of the second pole of the operational amplifiers (OAs), tunability, maximum signal handling capability, etc. the results of practical experiments are also given. Experimental results agree closely with the theoretical predictions. | We investigate the OLS-based estimator s2 of the disturbance variance in the standard linear regression model with cross section data when the disturbances are homoskedastic, but spatially correlated. For the most popular model of spatially autoregressive disturbances, we show that s2 can be severely biased in finite samples, but is asymptotically unbiased and consistent for most types of spatial weighting matrices as sample size increases. | eng_Latn | 57,348 |
Methods for capacity building of reservoir immigrants:case study of resettlement of Danjiangkou Reservoir of South-to-North Water Diversion Project | Based on resettlement of Danjiangkou Reservoir of South-to-North Water Diversion Project,the phenomena of capacity damage during the resettlement are discussed from the perspectives of social capital and capacity building,that is,damage phenomena of physical capital,human capital and social capital,etc.Through field survey and case interviews,six methods for the immigrants to realize their capacity building during the social transition are summarized.The immigrants' potential is thus excavated.It is necessary to make external "blood-transfusion" and internal "blood-refreshing" work together so as to promote the sustainable development of the resettlement. | Real estate is new-born industry in our country.In economically developed Zhejiang,real estate market is all the more flourishing. The author points out that under the new situation real estate enterprises should pay more attention to quality and stick to the road of brand innovation and that innovation is the core of the brand construction of Zhejiang real estate.The paper profoundly expounds the specific content of brand construction of real estate in the respects of idea innovation,product innovation,service innovation,marketing innovation and managerial innovation,which is of guiding significance to the sustainable,steady and sound development of Zhejiang real estate industry. | eng_Latn | 57,373 |
Investment in ICT: Determinants and Economic Implications | This study was prepared by Nadine Fabritz while she was working at the Ifo Institute for Economic Research in the Department for Human Capital and Innovation. It was completed in June 2014 and accepted as a doctoral thesis by the Department of Economics at the University of Munich in October 2014. It consists of four distinct empirical analyses in the field of the economics of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Three analyses address the economic effects of ICT investments, while one is concerned with determinants of investment in ICT networks. The study uses German firm-level data and regional-level data from Germany and the United Kingdom. The empirical strategies in all analyses attempt to establish causal relationships between the variables and outcomes of interest as much as possible by using panel models and controlling for unobserved, timeinvariant individual factors. | In IDSS,indexes for decision need usually be quantilized for further analysis and process.Bothconverse qualitative mapping(CQM)and property coordinate study and analysis are new methods in theory of property.The former is to quantilize indexes,and the latter is to study sample,then to get global satisfying degree of indexes according to evaluators' preference.Take enterprise's culture for example,205 enterprises' culture was evaluated on the basis of three indexes with reasonable result.A new method is proposed for inteligent decision. | eng_Latn | 57,375 |
SURFACE ROUGHNESS CHARECTERIZATION SING INTERFERENCE FRINGE ANALYSIS | In this work, a non-contact approach using interference fringes is used for characterizing the surface roughness of diamond polished stainless steel specimens. The interference fringes formed over the surfaces due to the interference of coherent beams can give important details about the surface topography of the material. A fringe intensity curve based parameter developed by plotting the fringe intensity curves at different heights was observed to have a linear relationship with stylus roughness. The value of coefficient of correlation obtained was is 0.71. The average standard deviation of the interference fringe intensity curves were observed to bear a linear relation with the measured stylus roughness with a correlation coefficient of 0.84.The non-contact optical methods used in this work for charactering the surface roughness are cost effective and has an advantage of non contact roughness characterization. | This paper presents a comprehensive work to evaluate the long-term influence of concrete on the shear-lag effect in steel–concrete composite beams, for which rather few tests and numerical studies have been reported. The FE study demonstrates that the effective width is greatly influenced by the analytic models: linear creep (CnSnC model) linear creep with shrinkage (CSnC model) creep with shrinkage and cracking (CSC model). Some numerical results were not well clarified, as discussed in the following. | yue_Hant | 57,382 |
Weight bearing or non-weight bearing after surgically fixed ankle fractures, the WOW! Study: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial | Background ::: The optimal post-operative care regimen after surgically fixed Lauge Hansen supination exorotation injuries remains to be established. This study compares whether unprotected weight bearing as tolerated is superior to protected weight bearing and unprotected non-weight bearing in terms of functional outcome and safety. | Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop an attractiveness index-based warranty cost model considering decision variables as design alternatives, warranty duration and support level. Design/methodology/approach – A warranty optimization approach is illustrated using a real life example of an automobile engine with Mean Time Between Failures and Warranty Attractiveness Index as constraints. Findings – It will help to improve the customer satisfaction by giving a more attractive warranty compared to that being offered by the competitors. Practical implications – Approaches that consider the effect of decision variables on attractiveness of a warranty policy in a quantitative manner have received relatively less attention. The paper attempts to capture the attractiveness of warranty from the manufacturer as well as customer point of view. Originality/value – The proposed approach will help manufacturers to take appropriate decisions related to warranty parameters and component selection at the desig... | eng_Latn | 57,384 |
Studies of Electrostatic Waves, VLF-wave Particle Interactions, and Propagations in the Ionosphere | Abstract : The long-term goal of this project is to study waves, irregularities, and propagation in the earth s ionosphere, particularly with respect to GPS. The project has two foci: first, to understand how the ionosphere affects GPS signals and second, how GPS can be used for remote sensing of the ionosphere. In association with these goals, we additionally conduct in situ experiments on satellites and sounding rockets to directly measure ionospheric waves and irregularities that affect signal propagation. | Medical ultrasound imaging is a non-invasive technique for clinical diagnosis, but its applications are limited by the low image quality. In this paper, the problem of ultrasound imaging is dealt with by a novel deconvolution method which utilizes the envelope of the point spread function (EPSF) instead of the commonly used point spread function (PSF). The EPSF is estimated based on minimum phase assumption without considering phase unwrapping and linear phase elimination, thus it is much efficient and reliable. After obtaining the EPSF, an l 1 -norm regularized optimization model is derived and efficiently solved by an augmented Lagrangian method (ALM). Experiments are conducted on both simulated and in vivo data. The results show that the proposed deconvolution method can provide significantly improved ultrasound images in terms of resolution gain and signal to noise ratio. | eng_Latn | 57,393 |
Personhood and solidarity: what kind of personalized medicine do we want? | The concept of personalized medicine has attracted considerable criticism over recent years. Only a few studies, however, have questioned the meaning of the notion of the ‘person’ in this context. By leaving the meaning of this word unexplored, we risk taking on board two assumptions that are inherent in contemporary western thinking: first, that social practice can be reduced to decisions of individuals; and second, that people's actions are normally motivated by self-interest. Both assumptions are problematic in the context of medicine. One of the keys to realizing a form of personalization in medicine that fosters solidarity and is sensitive to people's needs lies in being cautious about what idea of personhood we use and promote. | In the overall ownership cost of enterprise system, the maintenance cost consists of a major percentage. During the lifetime of an enterprise system, process customization is the most frequent maintenance efforts. However, current processing method has limited scalability and efficiency. In this case study, we explained how a scalable and efficient customization processing method was implemented. This method used the carbon emission trading mechanism to facilitate the cost benefit analysis of customization request. It also used distributed processing principle to improve the overall processing efficiency. Feedback from a pilot implementation in a large manufacturer included. | eng_Latn | 57,397 |
How Socially Relevant Visual Characteristics of Avatars Influence Impression Formation | Like in the real world, the first impression a person leaves in a computer-mediated environment depends on his or her online appearance. The present study manipulates an avatar’s pupil size, eyeblink frequency, and the viewing angle to investigate whether nonverbal visual characteristics are responsible for the impression made. We assessed how participants (N = 56) evaluate these avatars in terms of different attributes. The findings show that avatars with large pupils and slow eye blink frequency are perceived as more sociable and more attractive. Compared to avatars seen in full frontal view or from above, avatars seen from below were rated as most sociable, self-confident, and attractive. Moreover, avatars’ pupil size and eyeblink frequency escape the viewer’s conscious perception but still influence how people evaluate them. The findings have wide-ranging applied implications for avatar design. | This articles describes a qualitative research project investigating the effects of participation by preservice teachers in a literacy tutorial early intervention program that was based on a constructivist model utilizing self-reflection and inquiry. Seven recurring themes emerged from the data analysis providing little evidence of growth in culturally responsive teaching. The tutors, however, did learn valuable lessons about effective teaching of struggling readers in culturally diverse settings. | eng_Latn | 57,400 |
Fortification of Six Sigma: expanding the DMAIC toolset | Six Sigma as a quality improvement framework cannot remain static if it is to sustain its value for businesses beyond the first waves of applications. This paper explores the possibilities of enhancing the usefulness and effectiveness of Six Sigma by the integration of established Operations Research/Management Science (OR/MS) techniques. In this paper, we elucidate the needs for OR/MS techniques to enhance Six Sigma deployment in operational and transactional environments and propose a new training roadmap for core Six Sigma professionals (Six Sigma Black Belts) which incorporates these techniques. A matrix relating the components of the proposed training curriculum to the actual deliverables during implementation for a hybrid of operational and transactional environments is also presented. A practical case study is also presented to demonstrate the usefulness of the OR/MS tools in a typical transactional environment. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. | A new trend in home automation is to integrate audio en video applications. However in current domotics systems, these are usually conFigured statically. We implemented a home automation tool that dynamically (re)schedules bandwidth for different types of multimedia streams with different constraints toward latency and quality. The dynamic scheduling problem was implemented using distributed agents negotiating for bandwidth using the contract-net negotation protocol. | eng_Latn | 57,410 |
What does 1 specific study of charter schools show | The K-12 and higher education reform programs of the Gates Foundation have been criticized by some education professionals, parents, and researchers because they have driven the conversation on education reform to such an extent that they may marginalize researchers who do not support Gates' predetermined policy preferences. Several Gates-backed policies such as small schools, charter schools, and increasing class sizes have been expensive and disruptive, but some studies indicate they have not improved educational outcomes and may have caused harm. Peer reviewed scientific studies at Stanford find that Charter Schools do not systematically improve student performance | As Charles Town grew, so did the community's cultural and social opportunities, especially for the elite merchants and planters. The first theatre building in America was built in 1736 on the site of today's Dock Street Theatre. Benevolent societies were formed by different ethnic groups, from French Huguenots to free people of color to Germans to Jews. The Charles Towne Library Society was established in 1748 by well-born young men who wanted to share the financial cost to keep up with the scientific and philosophical issues of the day. This group also helped establish the College of Charles Towne in 1770, the oldest college in South Carolina. Until its transition to state ownership in 1970, this was the oldest municipally supported college in the United States. | eng_Latn | 57,526 |
Nucleation Theory : A Literature Review and Applications to Nucleation Rates of Natural Gas Hydrates | A new approach for studying nucleation phenomena using molecular simulations: Application to CO2 hydrate clathrates | Evidence that Northern Pioneering Pines with Tuberculate Mycorrhizae are Unaffected by Varying Soil Nitrogen Levels | kor_Hang | 57,567 |
Clam farming generates CO2: A study case in the Marinetta lagoon (Italy). | The role of Gracilaria lemaneiformis in eliminating the dissolved inorganic carbon released from calcification and respiration process of Chlamys farreri | Absence of CCR8 does not impair the response to ovalbumin-induced allergic airway disease. | eng_Latn | 57,573 |
Controlled release of water into oxygen scavenger | The invention provides an article for oxygen absorption comprising a container containing a water-soluble ion source, an water activated oxygen scavenger, and a rupturable canister of hydrated polymer. The invention provides in another embodiment a method for providing timed or controlled oxygen absorption comprising providing an article for oxygen absorption comprising a container containing a water-soluble ion source, an water activated oxygen scavenger, and a rupturable canister of hydrated polymer, rupturing the canister, whereby the hydrated polymer and water-soluble ion source come in contact and release water, and the water as it is released activates the oxygen scavenger. | Abstract To quantify the risk and impact of CO2 seepage to the marine ecosystem, the Quantifying and Monitoring Potential Ecosystem Impacts of Geological Carbon Storage project is now undergoing in a bay in Scotland. In advance of the field experiment of this project, we conducted the numerical simulation of CO2 seepage. From this numerical study, we predicted how CO2 behave in the bay and how the condition of the sea changes. | eng_Latn | 57,613 |
Impact of sleep on ventilation and gas exchange in chronic lung disease. | Sleep has many effects on breathing, all potentially adverse, ranging from the respiratory centre to the lower airways and chest wall. The overall effect is to diminish ventilation with consequent hypoxaemia and hypercapnia. These physiological changes can have major adverse effects on patients with chronic lung disease, particularly if already hypoxaemic. Patients with obstructive airway disease are particularly adversely affected during sleep with hypoventilation and reduced tidal volume, whereas patients with interstitial disease maintain overall ventilation although respiratory frequency falls. Sleep-related effects are most pronounced in rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep and can have significant cardiovascular consequences including sleep-related cardiac arrhythmias and pulmonary hypertension and can also predispose to nocturnal death, particularly during acute exacerbations. | Abstract To quantify the risk and impact of CO2 seepage to the marine ecosystem, the Quantifying and Monitoring Potential Ecosystem Impacts of Geological Carbon Storage project is now undergoing in a bay in Scotland. In advance of the field experiment of this project, we conducted the numerical simulation of CO2 seepage. From this numerical study, we predicted how CO2 behave in the bay and how the condition of the sea changes. | eng_Latn | 57,614 |
c02 emissions per capita | Still, the United States has the largest per capita emissions in the world: Each person in the United States has a carbon footprint of 17.6 tons (16 metric tons), compared to just 2 tons (1.8 metric tons) for people in India, the study found.till, the United States has the largest per capita emissions in the world: Each person in the United States has a carbon footprint of 17.6 tons (16 metric tons), compared to just 2 tons (1.8 metric tons) for people in India, the study found. | 2011 Per Capita Carbon Dioxide Emissions from the Consumption of Energy (Metric Tons of Carbon Dioxide per Person) The picture that emerges from these figures is one whereâin generalâdeveloped countries and major emerging economy nations lead in total carbon dioxide emissions. | cat_Latn | 57,727 |
safe co2 levels | The safe level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is 350 parts per million. The only way to get there is to immediately transition the global economy away from fossil fuels and into into renewable energy, energy efficiency, and sustainable farming practices.he safe level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is 350 parts per million. The only way to get there is to immediately transition the global economy away from fossil fuels and into into renewable energy, energy efficiency, and sustainable farming practices. | But 15 ppb is a regulatory measure, not a public health one. Researchers stress that there is no 100 percent safe level of lead in drinking water, only acceptable levels. Even levels as low as 5 ppb can be a cause for concern, according to the group studying Flint's water. | eng_Latn | 57,771 |
where is carbonic acid found | Carbonic acid is normally found in the water of every ocean and sea, and in lakes and rivers, as well as in precipitation. Carbon dioxide exists in the atmosphere, and where ever air comes in contact with water in any form, carbonic acid forms (though it's less so with ice). | Though it garners few public headlines, carbonic acid, the hydrated form of carbon dioxide, is critical to both the health of the atmosphere and the human body. However, because it exists for only a fraction of a second before changing into a mix of hydrogen and bicarbonate ions, carbonic acid has remained an enigma.t plays a crucial role in the carbon cycle â the exchange of carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the oceans â and in the buffering of blood and other bodily fluids. The short life span of carbonic acid in water has made it extremely difficult to study. | eng_Latn | 57,835 |
how many plants to provide oxygen for one person | Scientists estimate a safe oxygen consumption of 50 liters per hour for a human. Meanwhile, a leaf gives off about five milliliters of oxygen per hour. A person would need to be in a room with about ten thousand leaves. About 300 to 500 plants would produce the right amount of oxygen. | The exact number of oxygen producing plants you'll need in your home is going to vary depending on: ~the number of synthetic products and furnishings in your home. The NASA clean air study recommended 15-18 good sized oxygen producing plants and air cleaning plants for an 1,800 square foot house. | eng_Latn | 57,843 |
A theoretical study of the bond-bond interaction force constant in XF2 molecules | A comparison of the results of a semi-empirical molecular orbital calculation for OF2 with the empirical interaction force constants for OF2, NF2 and CF2 leads to the conclusion that electron delocalization, of a type commonly identified as no bond-double bond resonance, strongly influences the magnitude of the interaction constants for these molecules. This analysis further suggests that Urey-Bradley fluorine-fluorine non-bonded interaction constants for polyfluorinated molecules may commonly be inflated by such resonance. It was expected that the MO calculation would also help clarify the origin of the unusual stability of polyfluorinated systems, but the results are largely inconclusive on this point. | Abstract : The results of experimental investigations to evaluate the fatigue properties of Mo + 0.5 wt-% Ti are presented. Tests were conducted with specimens in potassium vapor and in vacuum at 1500 and 2000 F to determine what effect, if any, the potassium vapor would have on the fatigue properties of this alloy. The results of these tests indicate that the fatigue strength of Mo + 0.5 wt-% Ti is reduced when this alloy is subjected to the conditions of these tests. (Author) | eng_Latn | 57,971 |
Modification of DNA by photoactivable aryl azides | Features of the interaction with DNA of photoactivable aryl azides having various substituents in the aromatic ring have been studied. The nature of the interaction with DNA and the degree of its modification depend substantially on the nature of these substituents. The results obtained can be used for obtaining DNA probes bearing various marker groups. | ▪ Abstract The vibrationally autoionizing Rydberg states of small polyatomic molecules provide a fascinating laboratory in which to study fundamental nonadiabatic processes. In this review, recent results on the vibrational mode dependence of vibrational autoionization are discussed. In general, autoionization rates depend strongly on the character of the normal mode driving the process and on the electronic character of the Rydberg electron. Although quantitative calculations based on multichannel quantum defect theory are available for some polyatomic molecules, including H3, only qualitative information exists for most molecules. This review shows how qualitative information, such as Walsh diagrams along different normal coordinates of the molecule, can provide insight into the vibrational autoionization rates. | eng_Latn | 57,972 |
Hydrogen bond architecture in crystal structures of N-alkylated hydrophobic amino acids | Herein we present the first systematic investigation of hydrogen bonding patterns and crystal packing arrangements of N-alkylated hydrophobic amino acids, including synthesis and single crystal structure determination of five new compounds. | ▪ Abstract The vibrationally autoionizing Rydberg states of small polyatomic molecules provide a fascinating laboratory in which to study fundamental nonadiabatic processes. In this review, recent results on the vibrational mode dependence of vibrational autoionization are discussed. In general, autoionization rates depend strongly on the character of the normal mode driving the process and on the electronic character of the Rydberg electron. Although quantitative calculations based on multichannel quantum defect theory are available for some polyatomic molecules, including H3, only qualitative information exists for most molecules. This review shows how qualitative information, such as Walsh diagrams along different normal coordinates of the molecule, can provide insight into the vibrational autoionization rates. | eng_Latn | 57,974 |
Hydrogen bonding in the complexes formed by arsine and H-X molecules: A theoretical study | Abstract Arsine gas holds an important place in industrial toxicology. The aim of this work is to identify and characterize the hydrogen bonding in the complexes formed by arsine and H-X (X = F, Cl, Br, HO, NC, CN, CH3, C2H) molecules. It is hopeful that these analyses and calculations could be helpful to understand the essence of chemical bonding in the complexes formed by arsine and other molecules. Various methods including electrostatic potential, natural bond orbital, atoms in molecules theory, electron density difference plots and reduced electron density gradient were used to characterize the interactions in all these complexes. | Paper describing the development of the "Hudson formula" for the stability of armor on a breakwater. | eng_Latn | 57,985 |
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