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A computationally efficient self-consistent model for characterizing the operation and optimizing the structure of heterostructure field effect transistors (hetero-FETs) is introduced. Using this model one can accurately determine quantization effects inside devices which have complicated structures and different compound materials. The model will be applied to show how the layer structure of different Hetero-FETs can be optimized in order to improve their performance at high frequencies of operation.
|
The influence of alloy composition on the noise behavior of heterostructure semiconductor devices is investigated by using a rigorous two-dimensional physical simulator. The model takes into account non-stationary transport properties and quantization effects to allow a better understanding of the carrier transport properties inside the heterostructure devices and consequently to explain the noise performance of these devices by making use of the microscopic nature of the model. As an example, the model is applied to study the effects of alloy composition and the resulting band discontinuity on the 2DEG properties and on the noise performance of Hetero-FETs at millimeter-wave frequencies, and to extract the optimum alloy composition which leads to the minimum noise figure in different frequency ranges.
|
Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights.
|
eng_Latn
| 157,853 |
Solving the thermal stability problem at the HfO2/Si interface with previous N implantation
|
We report on the use of N implantation to produce thin, pure, uniform, and thermally stable Si3N4 buffer layers and HfO2 overlayers on Si(100) and Si(111) without silicide formation.
|
Our project on understanding the mechanisms of flame suppression using agents more effective than halon 1301 depends heavily on our ability to study the detailed chemistry of diffusion flames. This paper presents the details of the experimental design of the laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy equipment as well as detection schemes for OH, H, 0 radicals and FeO molecules. INSTRUMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
|
eng_Latn
| 157,871 |
Thermal behaviour of gate-less AlGaN/GaN heterostructures
|
For power applications, the dissipated power in GaN based devices becomes very significant and consequently can generate a very important self-heating effect in the component. The self-heating in the device increases considerably the lattice or the operating temperature and the transport properties are then degraded. To explain and to understand the physical phenomena observed in experiment for power components, it requires to introduce heating effects. The goal of this study is to estimate self-heating effects on the static characteristics of TLM (Transmission Line Model) AlGaN/GaN structures. For this objective, a developed physical thermal model is used in order to study the electrical and thermal phenomena in a coupled way. These studies are validated by electrical measurements regarding I-V characteristics and also by optic measurements using micro-Raman spectroscopy.
|
Structural studies using transmission electron microscopy have been made on 1-eV band-gap materials, lattice-matched to GaAs and Ge substrates, grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy for use in multijunction, high-efficiency solar cells.
|
eng_Latn
| 157,889 |
Semiconductors and Electronic Materials
|
Photothermal and Photoacoustic Characterization of Porous Silicon Structures The Peculiarities of Contrast Formation in Photoacoustic Microscopy of Semiconductors and the Role of the Stressed State Optical Detection of Photothermal Phenomena in Operating Electronic Devices - Temperature and Defect Imaging Photothermal Radiometric Study of Implanted Semiconductor Nonradiative Investigation of Impurity and Defect Levels in Si and GaAs by Piezoelectric Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (PPAS) Effect of the Confined Plasma on Thermal Wave Fields in Semiconductor Devices Photothermal Characterization of Semiconductors Nonlinear Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena in Semiconductors Carrier Transport Contribution to Thermoelastic and Electronic Deformation in Semiconductors Photothermal Spectroscopy of Ceramic and Nano-Crystal II-IV Compound Semiconductors, Together with Ternary and Multinary Compounds.
|
This study concerns with the numerical simulation of a hybrid slot entry journal bearing lubricated with electrically conducting lubricant under the influence of magnetic field for both thermal and...
|
eng_Latn
| 157,917 |
Band Engineering of the Si(001):H Surface by Doping with P and B Atoms
|
Si(001):H surfaces doped with phosphorus (P) and with boron (B) were explored as conducting contact pads for a dangling bond (DB) wire. Heavily doped Si(001):H surface patches are proposed as an alternative to metallic nano-islands or as an intermediate scale between the DB wire and the metallic islands to precisely contact a DB wire. Our calculations show that patches of B dopants incorporated in Si(001):H surface introduce states in the surface band gap with a significant dispersion along the dimer rows and which overlap well with the DB wire band states, demonstrating the possibility of using patches a B-doped Si(001):H as viable and robust contact pads for DB wires.
|
Two devices have been constructed for the development of biaxial stresses and the study of deformation potentials on thin layers. In the first device hydrostatic pressure was employed to develop a two-dimensional stress environment on thin silicon wafers. The deformation of the plates was found to be related to the third root of the pressure applied, in good agreement with theory. The second apparatus used a central force for the bending of the wafer, and the stresses, as detected from the frequency shift of the silicon phonon line in the Raman spectra, were confined to a small area of the plate. In both devices and analytic relation between the radius of curvature at the centre of the wafer and the stresses developed was established.
|
eng_Latn
| 157,939 |
Experimental study of hot carriers in small size Si-MOSFETs
|
Abstract Hot carrier effects in Si-MOSFETs cause serious reliability problems in VLSI circuits. While most of them have been investigated empirically, it is also important to clarify the microscopic degradation mechanism. In addition, there are other effects which can affect the device characteristics significantly and can be used to study hot carrier transport in MOSFETs. In this paper, several experimental studies associated with hot carrier effects in MOSFETs are reviewed. In particularly, hot electron energy effects are discussed, such as velocity overshoot and photo-emission in MOSFETs, and technological efforts to overcome the degradation problem in actual devices are reviewed briefly.
|
Abstract : The report is written in answer to letters from radio amateurs asking about the impact of microelectronics on military techniques. Because the electronic equipment on rockets as well as aircraft is so bulky, various methods of miniaturization must be used. These methods, including compact mounting methods, thin film circuitry, solid state circuitry, are discussed in some detail. Included in this discussion are qualitative explanations of the construction of circuit elements in thin film and solid state devices. The subject is treated in a general way, with no hint of the type of equipment peculiar to Soviet practice. (Author)
|
eng_Latn
| 157,978 |
Ce/GaN(0001) interfacial formation and electronic properties
|
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, and low-energy electron diffraction have been used to study the growth, interfacial reaction, and Fermi level movement of Ce on a n-type GaN(0001)-(1×1) surface. The results demonstrate that Ce grows in a layer-by-layer-like mode and reacts with the substrate at the interface, leading to formation of metallic Ga at room temperature. With increasing Ce coverage, a downward Fermi level movement is observed, and the resultant Schottky barrier height is 1.3 eV. Annealing promotes further diffusion and thus interfacial Ce–Ga exchange reaction.
|
Abstract Calculations employing the simple Monte Carlo model of gamma-ray interaction in a silicon ΔE -detector provide a very reliable energy spectrum of Compton-scattered electrons. This makes it possible to determine the thickness of a Si ΔE -detector with a good accuracy.
|
eng_Latn
| 157,988 |
Effect of rapid thermal annealing for the compositional disordering of Si-implanted AlGaAs/GaAs superlattices
|
We have investigated the effect of rapid thermal annealing (RTA) for the compositional disordering of Si‐implanted AlGaAs/GaAs superlattices (SL) in comparison with that of furnace annealing (FA). By using RTA (970 °C, 10 s), the implantation damage can be eliminated without disordering the SL, while the disordering occurs when FA (850 °C, 30 min) is used. Secondary ion mass spectrometry analyses show that the difference between RTA and FA is due to the extent of Si diffusion into the AlGaAs/GaAs SL.
|
Analyzed numerically are the localized strain of polycrystalline materials subjected to quasi-static loading. The objective is to study the peculiarities associated with the deformation process close to the stress concentrators such as holes, notches and interfaces of internal structure. Analytical results show that geometry and/or heterogeneous internal structure of material together with the action of maximum shear result in the development of a system of plastically deformed shear bands. Shears and rotations in the regions of strain localization are found to be higher than in other parts of the specimen while rotations are more sensitive to localization.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,036 |
The effects of electron irradiation on crystals of potassium chloride
|
The results of an investigation on KCl show that while the electron beam undoubtedly has a marked effect on the crystals, it is possible to examine KCl in the electron microscope, and in this way, to study the changes which follow irradiation in considerable detail. Preliminary investigations suggest that point defects are created fairly readily in KCl crystals by electron irradiation. The fact that small crystals are strongly colored in the F-band by irradiation in the microscope is taken as evidence that some ionization takes place. (P.C.H.)
|
We review the structure and energetics of the extended defects found in ion implanted Si as a function of annealing conditions and show that the defect kinetics can be described by an Ostwald ripening process whereby the defects exchange Si atoms and evolve in size and type to minimize their formation energy. Finally, we present a physically based model to predict the evolution of extrinsic defects during annealing through the calculation of defect densities, size distributions, number of clustered interstitials and free-interstitial supersaturation. We show some successful applications of our model to a variety of experimental conditions and give an example of its predictive capabilities at ultra low implantation energies.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,090 |
Conduction in ultra-thin SOI nanowires prototyped by FIB milling
|
This work describes a simple yet fast fabrication method to prototype silicon-on-insulator nanowires (SOINW) by using FIB milling and sacrificial oxidation on SOI substrate. Al-gated silicon wires with 8nm diameter and 50-200nm length are successfully demonstrated. The Si-wires are heavily implanted with phosphorus in between two oxidation steps, resulting in a film structure in which the hopping conduction mode occurs in the electron accumulation regime. Conduction oscillations are observed in 8nm diameter Si-wires at room temperature, in contrast with large geometry samples where no oscillations are visible even at low temperature and where the conduction appears as being temperature activated.
|
The book is published by Dr. Siddique Mohammed Umair (Narsee Monjee Institute of Managment Studies, Deemed University) and Dr. Nitin Parashram Gulhane (Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute). The Experimental and Numerical research work present in the book is a partial Ph.D. work of Dr. Umair. This book represents the heat transfer augmentation study of steady air jet impingement over flat plate and pin fin heat sink. The further edition of this book will carry the effect of pulse jet impingement.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,094 |
Homogeneous Nucleation of Epitaxial CoSi2 and NiSi in Si Nanowires
|
Homogeneous nucleation is rare except in theory. We observed repeating events of homogeneous nucleation in epitaxial growth of CoSi2 and NiSi silicides in nanowires of silicon by using high resolution TEM. The growth of every single atomic layer requires nucleation. Heterogeneous nucleation is prevented because of non-microreversibility between the oxide/Si and oxide/silicide interfaces. We determined the incubation time of homogeneous nucleation. The calculated and the measured nucleation rates are in good agreement. We used Zeldovich factor to estimate the number of molecules in the critical nucleus; it is about 10 and reasonable. A very high supersaturation is found for the homogeneous nucleation.
|
This book, which was first published in Russian in 2005, deals with the homogenization of partial differential equations (pdes) of elliptic and parabolic types. The authors study both boundary value problems posed in highly perforated domains or equations with rapidly oscillating coefficients. The standard theory of homogenization (periodic theory, uniformly elliptic oscillating coefficients) is supposed to be already known and the emphasis is put on nonstandard situations leading to multicomponent or nonlocal equations.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,107 |
Ion assisted growth of B4C diffusion barrier layers in Mo/Si multilayered structures
|
We investigated the thermal stability of e-beam deposited Mo/B 4C/Si/B 4C layered systems, with and without ion assistance during the growth of the B 4C diffusion barrier layers. The thermal stability was investigated by in situ thermal annealing during grazing incidence X-ray reflection. By studying partially treated B 4C barrier layers, we found that the improvement in thermal stability is caused by an enhanced density of the B 4C layer. © 2012 American Institute of Physics.
|
Abstract : Methane-Air mixture in Argon heat bath is ignited by shock, reflected from the endwall of shock tube. Experiments are compared with numerical prediction based on Bowman's reaction scheme including Zel'dovich mechanism. Agreement between experimental density profiles and numerical prediction is very good. Methane absorption outside the boundary layer agrees well with computation based on isobaric combustion. Measurements in the boundary layer, albeit with insufficient space resolution, are in accord with the predicted trends.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,122 |
Influence of rta on the structures of BTO thin films and their physical properties
|
Abstract The BTO thin films on Si(100) substrate have been prepared by hot wall MOCVD at different temperatures ranged from 400°C to 750°C. The influence of RTA on the structures and some physical properties of these BTO films have been studied
|
A model with topography was designed.Using the finite difference method,the authors studied the effects of topography on the apparent resistivity and phase curve of MT.Through an analysis and study of distortion curves of simulating models,a number of useful conclusions have been reached.It is shown that the apparent resistivity of TM mode is more easily affected by terrain than that of TE mode,and is more easily distorted at the top than on the bottom of a hill.Meanwhile,theoretical model and real data processing results indicate that the two-dimensional inversion with terrain is very effective and suitable to eliminating the effect of topography on the MT responses.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,125 |
Deriving algebraic Petri net specifications from structured analysis—a case study
|
Abstract Algebraic Petri nets have been developed as a suitable formal method for concurrent and distributed systems in recent years. However, applications of algebraic Petri nets to non-trivial real-world systems are scarce. In this paper, we present an algebraic Petri net specification of an automatic teller machine system. The algebraic Petri net specification is systematically derived from an informal specification written in structured analysis methods by using a methodology developed in our earlier work. Our results in this paper: (1) demonstrated a feasible approach to construct algebraic Petri net specifications; (2) provided sufficient details for potential users to understand and use algebraic Petri nets through a non-trivial real-world system; and (3) established a baseline for meaningful comparisons of different formal methods.
|
We report preliminary results on the transfer of the ammonia MBE technology of AlN/AlGaN/GaN/AlGaN heterostructures to silicon substrates. Optimization of the growth conditions allowed the number of macroscopic cracks in the epilayers to be reduced and ensured the growth of heterostructures with two-dimensional electron gas, which are suitable for the creation of field-effect transistors. The saturation current of prototype devices based on the heterostructures grown on silicon substrates are comparable with the analogous parameter of devices grown on sapphire and exhibits no decrease related to thermal scattering at high bias voltages.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,153 |
Range query processing on single and multi GPU environments
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An efficiency study of a pivot-based algorithm for similarity search on a heterogeneous platform
|
The Importance of Accurately Measuring the Range Correlation for Range-Oversampling Processing
|
eng_Latn
| 158,183 |
Nuclear industry, to produce energy for example, produces also some radioactive waste. Legislation requires producers to sort their waste by activity and type of isotopes, and to package them in order to forward them to the appropriate reprocessing or storage facility. Our lab LMDE (Laboratoire de Mesures sur Dechets nucleaires et Expertise) is in charge of the characterization of the majority of waste produced by CEA-Valduc. As measurements we do have to be reliable, we also develop methods and techniques to improve them. We present to this symposium our characterization bed for germanium detectors, based on measurements and Geant4 simulations, and our study on object characterization.
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The ROOT system in an Object Oriented framework for large scale data analysis. ROOT written in C ++, contains, among others, an efficient hierarchical 00 database, a C ++ interpreter. advanced statistical analysis (multi-dimensional histogramming, fitting, minimization, cluster finding algorithms) and visualization tools. The user interacts with ROOT via a graphical user interface, the command line or batch scripts. The command and scripting language is C + + (using the interpreter) and large scripts can be compiled and dynamically linked in. The 00 database design has been optimized for parallel access (reading as well as writing) by multiple processes.
|
Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,191 |
Local-Scale versus Large-Scale Factors Affecting Recruitment
|
Recent analyses of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) stocks in the northwest Atlantic have indicated that large-scale factors (several hundred to thousands of kilometres) dominate over effects operating on more local scales (10 to a few hundred kilometres} in determining recruitment patterns for these stocks. Adding additional years and additional stocks to the data set, the recruitment time series for cod and haddock have been reexamined. A first differencing technique was used to remove trends in the data. The results indicate that while large-scale effects probably do affect recruitment, the dominant factors are operating on more local scales and correlations are strongest for neighboring stocks.
|
An instruction-level simulator for IBM 3090 with VF (vector facility) has been developed for studying the performance of vector processors and their memory hierarchies. Results of a study of the locality of several large scientific applications are presented. The cache miss ratios of vectorized applications are found to be almost equal to those of their original scalar executions. Moreover, both the spatial and temporal locality of these applications (in scalar and vector executions) are strong enough to show a sufficiently high hit ratio on conventional cache structures.<<ETX>>
|
eng_Latn
| 158,219 |
Adaptation of volume visualization techniques to MIMD architectures using MPI
|
This paper presents a divide-and-conquer approach to developing visualization software for scientific analysis of high resolution, volume datasets on, distributed memory parallel computers. A direct volume rendering method is discussed and the design of the parallel implementation of the original sequential algorithm is highlighted. For this algorithm, the data, once distributed, remains in place regardless of the viewer's location, and no interprocessor communication is required during scene generation. The software was developed using an early version of the Message Passing Interface (MPI), and the MPI features used in this application are discussed. Finally, test results indicating the performance of our parallel implementation on an nCUBE 2 are presented and analyzed. >
|
We model cross-market Bitcoin prices as long-memory processes and study dynamic interdependence in a fractionally cointegrated VAR framework. We find long-memory in both the individual markets and the system of markets depicting non-homogeneous informational inefficiency. Moreover, Bitcoin markets are found to be fractionally cointegrated, where uncertainty negatively impacts this type of cointegration relationship.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,222 |
A fast algorithm for cellular logic operations on sequential machines
|
This paper describes an algorithm to efficiently realize repeated Cellular Logic operations. These Cellular Logic operations include erosions and dilations as well as skeletonization (topology-preserving shrinking) and propagation procedures. In the proposed method only those image pixels which might change in an iteration are processed, based on the changed pixels in the previous iteration. Processing times for solid objects (maximum diameter 40 to 200 pixels, 256 x 256 image) on a 10 Mhz Motorola 68000 system range from 250 ms to 400 ms per iteration. A simpler suboptimal method is also described which is 2 to 3 times slower.
|
We study a new technique for optimal data compression subject to conditions of causality and different types of memory. The technique is based on the assumption that some information about compressed data can be obtained from a solution of the associated problem without constraints of causality and memory. This allows us to consider two separate problem related to compression and de- compression subject to those constraints. Their solutions are given and the analysis of the associated errors is provided. Keywords—stochastic signals, optimization problems in signal processing.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,229 |
Requirements for coherent atom channeling
|
The evolution of atomic de Broglie waves inside strong periodic potentials can be described as channeling and exhibits both particle and wave effects. Using a beam of metastable Argon atoms interacting with an intense standing light wave we detect an interference pattern arising from the coherent guiding of the atoms through the light channels. In analogy to light optics these interference effects are only visible, if certain requirements for longitudinal and transverse coherence are fulfilled. We experimentally study the influence of the velocity selection and the collimation of the Argon atoms. As well as an another factor determining the coherence of the evolution - the spontaneous emission. q 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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This paper addresses the problem of traffic grooming in wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) rings where connection requests arrive online. Each request specifies a pair of nodes that wish to communicate and also the desired bandwidth of this connection. If the request is to be satisfied, it must be allocated to one or more wavelengths with sufficient remaining capacity. We consider three distinct profit models specifying the profit associated with satisfying a connection request. We give results on offline and online algorithms for each of the three profit models. We use the paradigm of competitive analysis to theoretically analyze the quality of our online algorithms. Finally, experimental results are given to provide insight into the performance of these algorithms in practice.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,239 |
The BSpace Algorithm - A Statistical Model of Satellite Constellation Performance
|
This paper describes a statistical algorithm that predicts the best possible collection performance that may be achieved by a large constellation of imaging satellites collecting against a very large target deck. Our model includes an ideal tasking algorithm for cooperative collection. Tasking algorithms are one of the most difficult parts of a collection simulation to model, particularly for cooperative collection in a constellation. We were able to produce midto high-fidelity results for a simulation of half a dozen satellites collecting against approximately 100,000 targets, with a run-time of only 15 minutes. The algorithm is easily implemented in the C programming language on an ordinary workstation.
|
We study a new technique for optimal data compression subject to conditions of causality and different types of memory. The technique is based on the assumption that some information about compressed data can be obtained from a solution of the associated problem without constraints of causality and memory. This allows us to consider two separate problem related to compression and de- compression subject to those constraints. Their solutions are given and the analysis of the associated errors is provided. Keywords—stochastic signals, optimization problems in signal processing.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,240 |
ANNarchy: a code generation approach to neural simulations on parallel hardware
|
Simulating spiking neural networks on GPU
|
Self-labeled techniques for semi-supervised learning: taxonomy, software and empirical study
|
eng_Latn
| 158,252 |
THE REALIZABILITY OF LOCAL LOOP SPACES AS MANIFOLDS
|
A method for preparation of the final film used for engraving a flat screen, belt screen or rotary screen for a printing machine. The final film is prepared from a photograph of the image to be reproduced and engraved by known techniques on a screen so as to provide a continuous repetitive pattern on the face of a pile fabric dyed in a continuous print dyeing process.
|
An instruction-level simulator for IBM 3090 with VF (vector facility) has been developed for studying the performance of vector processors and their memory hierarchies. Results of a study of the locality of several large scientific applications are presented. The cache miss ratios of vectorized applications are found to be almost equal to those of their original scalar executions. Moreover, both the spatial and temporal locality of these applications (in scalar and vector executions) are strong enough to show a sufficiently high hit ratio on conventional cache structures.<<ETX>>
|
yue_Hant
| 158,275 |
A Sphere-Packing Exponent Approximation
|
The sphere-packing bound represents a suitable tool for assessing the limiting performance of a digital communication system. In fact, most of the modern transmission techniques, adopting capacity approaching codes, such as turbo codes, or Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes, may offer a performance that is within 1 dB from the bound, both for Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and for the fading channel. Unfortunately, the sphere-packing exponent may be difficult to compute, and this may prevent its adoption as a performance estimator. This paper presents and discusses the accuracy of an approximate expression of the bound, that may be used for evaluating the achievable performance of a communication system, without resorting to cumbersome simulations.
|
An instruction-level simulator for IBM 3090 with VF (vector facility) has been developed for studying the performance of vector processors and their memory hierarchies. Results of a study of the locality of several large scientific applications are presented. The cache miss ratios of vectorized applications are found to be almost equal to those of their original scalar executions. Moreover, both the spatial and temporal locality of these applications (in scalar and vector executions) are strong enough to show a sufficiently high hit ratio on conventional cache structures.<<ETX>>
|
kor_Hang
| 158,281 |
Computational fluid dynamics prediction of the reacting flowfield inside a subscale scramjet combustor
|
A three-dimensional, Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code has been used to calculate the reacting flowfield inside a hydrogen-fueled subscale scramjet combustor. Pilot fuel was injected transversely upstream of the combustor, and the primary fuel was injected transversely downstream of a backward facing step. A finite-rate combustion model with two-step kinetics was used. The CFD code used the explicit MacCormack algorithm with point implicit treatment of the chemistry source terms. Turbulent mixing of the jets with the airstream was simulated by a simple mixing length scheme, whereas near-wall turbulence was accounted for by the Baldwin-Lomax model. Computed results were compared with experimental wall pressure measurements.
|
In this paper, the authors identify the scalability bottlenecks of an unstructured grid CFD code (PETSc-FUN3D) by studying the impact of several algorithmic and architectural parameters and by examining different programming models. The authors discuss the basic performance characteristics of this PDE code with the help of simple performance models developed in their earlier work, presenting primarily experimental results. In addition to achieving good per-processor performance (which has been addressed in the cited work and without which scalability claims are suspect) they strive to improve the implementation and convergence scalability of PETSc-FUN3D on thousands of processors.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,301 |
An approach to measuring semantic similarity and relatedness between concepts in an ontology
|
Semantic similarity and relatedness are applied more and more extensively in many fields, such as in Artificial Intelligence, Semantic Web and Knowledge Management. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive metric of similarity, a method of relatedness measure and a comprehensive degree measure that combines semantic similarity and relatedness between two concepts. Then we compare the proposed metrics with other classic similarity/relatedness metrics based on a benchmark data set and WordNet 3.0. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms other classical computational approaches. The comprehensive degree metric gives the highest correlation value which is 0.913, and the semantic similarity measure obtains the second-highest correlation value which is 0.823 with a benchmark based on human similarity judgements.
|
We study the scalability problem of a priori-like algorithms that are used in mining association rules. We show how a priori suffers from performance deterioration for large-scale problems and propose alternative data structures and operations that can be used to apply the a priori-trick optimization method in large-scale problems. In the proposed method, the database is transformed into a more efficient structure that is used along with the intersection operation, to find the frequent itemsets in the database. The performance evaluation shows that, with a minor increase in the storage requirement, the proposed technique outperforms significantly the existing algorithms especially in large-scale problems.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,313 |
An efficient parallel sorting algorithm for shared memory multiprocessors
|
Abstract A new parallel sorting algorithm, Parasort, based upon Quicksort and two-way merging and suitable for implementation on shared memory multiprocessors is presented. An asynchronous parallel partitioning algorithm is used to distribute the work evenly amongst the processors during merging to ensure an even load balance which is crucial if high efficiency is to be achieved. The implementation of this parallel sorting algorithm on the Balance 8000 multiprocessor exhibits good speedup rates approaching linearity when compared to sequential quicksort.
|
Recent works show that ordering of the training data affects the model performance for Neural Machine Translation. Several approaches involving dynamic data ordering and data sharding based on curriculum learning have been analysed for the their performance gains and faster convergence. In this work we propose to empirically study several ordering approaches for the training data based on different metrics and evaluate their impact on the model performance. Results from our study show that pre-fixing the ordering of the training data based on perplexity scores from a pre-trained model performs the best and outperforms the default approach of randomly shuffling the training data every epoch.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,315 |
Acceleration of Frequent Itemset Mining on FPGA using SDAccel and Vivado HLS
|
Melia: A MapReduce Framework on OpenCL-Based FPGAs
|
Experimental and numerical study of heat transfer through a synchronous belt transmission type AT10
|
eng_Latn
| 158,325 |
a performance study of gpu , fpga , dsp , and multicore processors for embedded vision systems .
|
A performance and energy comparison of FPGAs, GPUs, and multicores for sliding-window applications
|
Sentiment Analysis with Incremental Human-in-the-Loop Learning and Lexical Resource Customization
|
eng_Latn
| 158,327 |
The effect of previously viewed velocities on motion extrapolation
|
There is preliminary evidence for interference between subsequently encoded velocities. We explored this effect using a motion extrapolation paradigm. In Experiments 1 and 2, moving targets disappeared behind an occluder. Participants responded at the time when they thought the target should reappear. Participants responded as if the current velocity was faster after a previous trial with a fast velocity and vice versa. In Experiment 3 the targets reappeared either on-time, early or late. A greater proportion of early trials were reported ‘correct’ following a fast previous trial. These experiments indicate that blending occurs between successively encoded velocity representations.
|
An instruction-level simulator for IBM 3090 with VF (vector facility) has been developed for studying the performance of vector processors and their memory hierarchies. Results of a study of the locality of several large scientific applications are presented. The cache miss ratios of vectorized applications are found to be almost equal to those of their original scalar executions. Moreover, both the spatial and temporal locality of these applications (in scalar and vector executions) are strong enough to show a sufficiently high hit ratio on conventional cache structures.<<ETX>>
|
eng_Latn
| 158,358 |
Multi-granularities approximate method for obtaining qualitative spatial relations
|
Qualitative spatial relations are widely used in spatial description logics, spatial ontologies and other applications. Efficient method to obtain qualitative spatial relations from traditional GIS has not been discussed in previous literatures. We give an efficient method for calculating qualitative spatial relations. We propose the multi-granularities approximate representation of GIS objects which requires less process time. Then some algorithms are proposed to calculate the spatial relations based on multi-granularities approximate region. The analysis and test result all show that our method supports complex and integrated spatial relations and require less process time than traditional spatial query.
|
An instruction-level simulator for IBM 3090 with VF (vector facility) has been developed for studying the performance of vector processors and their memory hierarchies. Results of a study of the locality of several large scientific applications are presented. The cache miss ratios of vectorized applications are found to be almost equal to those of their original scalar executions. Moreover, both the spatial and temporal locality of these applications (in scalar and vector executions) are strong enough to show a sufficiently high hit ratio on conventional cache structures.<<ETX>>
|
eng_Latn
| 158,360 |
A cache-efficient sorting algorithm for database and data mining computations using graphics processors
|
Cache Conscious Indexing for Decision-Support in Main Memory
|
a study of index structures for main memory database management systems .
|
eng_Latn
| 158,443 |
A comprehensive study of main-memory partitioning and its application to large-scale comparison- and radix-sort
|
AA-Sort: A New Parallel Sorting Algorithm for Multi-Core SIMD Processors
|
Implementing database operations using SIMD instructions
|
eng_Latn
| 158,451 |
K-Means for Parallel Architectures Using All-Prefix-Sum Sorting and Updating Steps
|
a performance study of general - purpose applications on graphics processors using cuda .
|
Measuring personalization of web search
|
eng_Latn
| 158,456 |
What does Conrads finding seem to mean?
|
Short-term memory is believed to rely mostly on an acoustic code for storing information, and to a lesser extent a visual code. Conrad (1964) found that test subjects had more difficulty recalling collections of letters that were acoustically similar (e.g. E, P, D). Confusion with recalling acoustically similar letters rather than visually similar letters implies that the letters were encoded acoustically. Conrad's (1964) study, however, deals with the encoding of written text; thus, while memory of written language may rely on acoustic components, generalisations to all forms of memory cannot be made.
|
The circumlunar program (Zond), created by Vladimir Chelomey's design bureau OKB-52, was to fly two cosmonauts in a stripped-down Soyuz 7K-L1, launched by Chelomey's Proton UR-500 rocket. The Zond sacrificed habitable cabin volume for equipment, by omitting the Soyuz orbital module. Chelomey gained favor with Khruschev by employing members of his family.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,553 |
Comparing continual task learning in minds and machines
|
Principles derived from the study of simple skills do not generalize to complex skill learning
|
Human Memory: A Proposed System and Its Control Processes
|
eng_Latn
| 158,563 |
Building simple models: A case study with decision trees
|
Empirical Methods for Artificial Intelligence
|
PROSTHETICS : THE ETHICAL ISSUES SURROUNDING THEM
|
eng_Latn
| 158,605 |
A Universal Machine is known as what today?
|
He also introduced the notion of a 'Universal Machine' (now known as a Universal Turing machine), with the idea that such a machine could perform the tasks of any other machine, or in other words, it is provably capable of computing anything that is computable by executing a program stored on tape, allowing the machine to be programmable. Von Neumann acknowledged that the central concept of the modern computer was due to this paper. Turing machines are to this day a central object of study in theory of computation. Except for the limitations imposed by their finite memory stores, modern computers are said to be Turing-complete, which is to say, they have algorithm execution capability equivalent to a universal Turing machine.
|
There are two former institutes of technology, which already changed their name to "University of Technology": Rajamangala University of Technology (formerly Institute of Technology and Vocational Education) and King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (Thonburi Technology Institute).
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eng_Latn
| 158,744 |
Intelligent machinery (Written in 1947.) Universal Turing Machine
|
Proposal for development in the mathematics division of an Automatic Computing Engine (ACE) Universal Turing Machine
|
Sonographic diagnosis of pneumoperitoneum using the ‘enhancement of the peritoneal stripe sign.’ A prospective study
|
eng_Latn
| 158,755 |
what do you think about artificial intelligence
|
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence exhibited by machines or software. It is also the name of the academic field of study which studies how to create computers and computer software that are capable of intelligent behavior.
|
When most people think of artificial intelligence (AI) they think of HAL 9000 from 2001: A Space Odyssey, Data from Star Trek, or more recently, the android Ava from Ex Machina.. But to a computer scientist that isn't what AI necessarily is, and the question what is AI? can be a complicated one.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,777 |
Comparison between the two definitions of AI
|
Universal Intelligence: A Definition of Machine Intelligence
|
A field study of API learning obstacles
|
eng_Latn
| 158,781 |
what is cognitive and artificial technology
|
Artificial intelligence (AI) involves the study of cognitive phenomena in machines. One of the practical goals of AI is to implement aspects of human intelligence in computers. Computers are also widely used as a tool with which to study cognitive phenomena.
|
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is usually defined as the science of making computers do things that require intelligence when done by humans. AI has had some success in limited, or simplified, domains.
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eng_Latn
| 158,788 |
Complete and intermediate atrioventricular canal in infants less than a year old: observations of anatomical and pathological variants in left ventricular outflow tract.
|
Abstract In a study of 13 postmortem specimens from infants with intermediate and complete forms of persisting atrioventricular (AV) canal, potentially obstructive left ventricular outflow tract morphology was apparent in 6. Possible obstructive components included various causes of anterior mitral leaflet immobility, multiple short chordae, anterior malposition of papillary muscles, and septal hypertrophy. Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction can be exaggerated by corrective techniques that do not produce relief of these conditions.
|
According to fractal characteristics of the arrival passenger flow volume of the urban rail transit station, the paper established the arrival passenger flow volume short-term forecasting model based on the fractal theory. Then, the paper took the AHQB station of MRT Line Four in Beijing as an example and forecasted the short-term arrival passenger flow volume. Lastly, the paper gave a comparison between the predicted value and the actual value, and found that the maximum error was less than 7 %. It indicated that the model established could be used to forecast the short-term arrival passenger flow volume of the urban rail transit, and had better adaptability.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,821 |
Fuzzy Control and Simulation of the Traffic Signals at the Grade Crossings
|
On the base of analyzing the control problem for the traffic signals at the grade crossings, a multi-phase and multi-stage fuzzy control plan is presented according to the vehicle induction control theory and fuzzy control theory. The simulation results show that the proposed method is superior to the multi-phase static period control.
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This paper presents the different methods of measuring and quantifying costs of congestion for Canadian cities used to quantitatively assess these congestion mitigating strategies. The paper examines the positives and negatives of these processes, including the improved ability to link planning, operational and design decisions. The findings and results for the various strategies are then documented in terms of the fiscal analysis and business cases. One such case is the application of these models to the intersection of Highway 7 and Keele Street. The intersection routinely experiences congestion for substantial portions of the day. The study identifies and evaluated over a dozen congestion mitigating strategies for the area.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,838 |
Quantification of Congestion – Calculating Benefits
|
This paper presents the different methods of measuring and quantifying costs of congestion for Canadian cities used to quantitatively assess these congestion mitigating strategies. The paper examines the positives and negatives of these processes, including the improved ability to link planning, operational and design decisions. The findings and results for the various strategies are then documented in terms of the fiscal analysis and business cases. One such case is the application of these models to the intersection of Highway 7 and Keele Street. The intersection routinely experiences congestion for substantial portions of the day. The study identifies and evaluated over a dozen congestion mitigating strategies for the area.
|
A purely deterministic approach to the LMS (least mean square)-Newton algorithm for adaptive filters is proposed. A QR-decomposition method for solving the algorithm's equations is described. Simulations using fixed-point arithmetic are provided, which confirm the good numerical characteristics of the method. A variable convergence factor is also discussed which is optimum in the sense that the output a posteriori error is zero. >
|
eng_Latn
| 158,841 |
what is a microscopic model
|
Microscopic traffic flow models are a class of scientific models of vehicular traffic dynamics. In contrast to macroscopic models, microscopic traffic flow models simulate single vehicle-driver units, so the dynamic variables of the models represent microscopic properties like the position and velocity of single vehicles. Contents.
|
âGross anatomyâ customarily refers to the study of those body structures large enough to be examined without the help of magnifying devices, while microscopic anatomy is concerned with the study of structural units small enough to be seen only with a light microscope. Dissection is basic to all anatomical research.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,848 |
Additional suggestions for X-ray quantitative analysis of high-volume filter samples
|
Abstract It has been observed that reference intensity constants for natural aerosols used in X-ray quantitative analysis of high-volume filter samples varies significantly according to the geological history and surface weathering conditions of the source rock or soil. Reference intensity values pertaining to compounds from actual geologic outcrops or soil types within the sampling area should be used in order for the highest accuracy to be obtained. Two “approximation” computations are suggested for circumstances where the more elaborate procedures involving matrix and transmission corrections may not be justified. The first, least accurate approximation, uses the Chung (1975) equation directly; the second and “better” approximation uses a simple beam transmission correction and the Chung equation in a one-step iteration. Very good agreement between the better approximation and the complete refinement procedure is observed for the several analyses presented.
|
This study presents a profit maximization model that adopts the number of requests for image or voice transferring services on a network as decision variables for when to switch a second server on and off based on the costs of using a second server and of users waiting. A Markovian queue with a number of servers depending upon queue length and finite capacity is discussed. The data of interarrival time and service times of requests are collected by observing a queuing system. An empirical Bayesian method is then applied to estimate the traffic intensity of the system, which denotes the need for host computers. The mean number of transfer requests in the system and the queue length of transfer requests are calculated as the characteristic values of the system.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,852 |
Numerical study with OpenFOAM on heat conduction problems in heterogeneous media
|
Abstract OpenFOAM was used to numerically investigate heat conduction in heterogeneous media. The main advantage of this platform is that it offers an open flexible interface with great convenience for mesh generation and solver modification. Cases of 1D and 2D heat conduction problems in media with different levels of heterogeneity were considered to check the performance of OpenFOAM. The results were compared with references and other commercial software and showed good accuracy. Note that all of the processes, including the mesh generation, numerical simulation, and post-processing, relied on free open-source codes.
|
More recent studies have proposed that the multi-fractal of traffic has great impact on network performances, and it is important to build the predicting model based on multi-fractal for the network.. This paper studies on the ethernet passive optical network to analysis the default of bandwidth allocation algorithm, and proposes a new predicting model on FARIMA for bandwidth allocation, that it has the great accuracy of queque predicting in the multi-fractal, and it proves the correction of model by the prediction of real traffic.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,857 |
ASSOCIATIONS OF NEONATAL NEUROBEHAVIORAL STATUS WITH CORD BLOOD PCB, MATERNAL HAIR MERCURY, AND MATERNAL FISH INTAKE IN THE TOHOKU STUDY OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT
|
We have been performing a prospective cohort study, the Tohoku Study of Child Development (TSCD), t o examine the effects of perinatal exposures to environmentally persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals on neurobehavioral development of offspring. In the present study, we examin ed the associations of the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) with the total PCB concentrations in cord blood, maternal hair mercury (hair Hg), and maternal fish intake. Multiple regression analyses indicated some significant associations of the NBAS clusters with hair Hg, but there were no significant associations between total PCBs and any cluster of NBAS. These findings suggest that prenatal methylmercury exposure adversely affects neonatal neurobehavioral status.
|
According to fractal characteristics of the arrival passenger flow volume of the urban rail transit station, the paper established the arrival passenger flow volume short-term forecasting model based on the fractal theory. Then, the paper took the AHQB station of MRT Line Four in Beijing as an example and forecasted the short-term arrival passenger flow volume. Lastly, the paper gave a comparison between the predicted value and the actual value, and found that the maximum error was less than 7 %. It indicated that the model established could be used to forecast the short-term arrival passenger flow volume of the urban rail transit, and had better adaptability.
|
yue_Hant
| 158,859 |
Quantitative microscopy of the lung: a problem-based approach. Part 2: stereological parameters and study designs in various diseases of the respiratory tract
|
Design-based stereology provides efficient methods to obtain valuable quantitative information of the respiratory tract in various diseases. However, the choice of the most relevant parameters in a specific disease setting has to be deduced from the present pathobiological knowledge. Often it is difficult to express the pathological alterations by interpretable parameters in terms of volume, surface area, length, or number. In the second part of this companion review article, we analyze the present pathophysiological knowledge about acute lung injury, diffuse parenchymal lung diseases, emphysema, pulmonary hypertension, and asthma to come up with recommendations for the disease-specific application of stereological principles for obtaining relevant parameters. Worked examples with illustrative images are used to demonstrate the work flow, estimation procedure, and calculation and to facilitate the practical performance of equivalent analyses.
|
According to fractal characteristics of the arrival passenger flow volume of the urban rail transit station, the paper established the arrival passenger flow volume short-term forecasting model based on the fractal theory. Then, the paper took the AHQB station of MRT Line Four in Beijing as an example and forecasted the short-term arrival passenger flow volume. Lastly, the paper gave a comparison between the predicted value and the actual value, and found that the maximum error was less than 7 %. It indicated that the model established could be used to forecast the short-term arrival passenger flow volume of the urban rail transit, and had better adaptability.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,860 |
Practical network programming in .NET
|
This paper examines issues that surround teaching introductory network programming concepts using the .NET framework. The authors of the paper have developed a simple Visual Basic 2005 class that hides much of the network programming complexity allowing students to concentrate on learning common protocol implementation concepts. The code to the class is provided and discussed in this paper as well.
|
This paper addresses the issue of the interval forecasting (constructing prediction intervals for future observations) of the traffic data time series using one of local polynomial nonparametric models - the local linear predictor. Two methods are proposed and compared. One is based on the theoretical formulation of the asymptotic prediction intervals and another is an empirical procedure using bootstrap, both for the local linear predictor. Finally, a case study using real-world traffic data is presented for both approaches, along with the results compared with each other. The results coincide with expectations and have validated the proposed methods.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,877 |
Comparison of simulations to experiment for a detailed analysis of space-charge-limited transient current measurements in organic semiconductors
|
found for the mobility value. We show that this uncertainty can be significantly reduced to 10% if a field-dependent mobility is taken into account in the framework of the extended Gaussian disorder model. Finally, we demonstrate that this fitting procedure between simulated and experimental transient responses also permits to unambiguously provide the values of the contact barrier, the trap concentration, the trap depth in addition to that of the mobility of carriers.
|
Reliable and accurate short-term traffic forecasting system is crucial in supporting any Intelligent Transportation System. The past two decades have witnessed many forecasting models being developed, yet none of them could consistently outperform the others under various traffic conditions. To deal with the nonlinearity and non-stationarity of dynamic traffic process, a real time neural network learning approach is taken and a traffic flow mode based forecasting method is presented. Results obtained from case study indicate the proposed approach can enhance adaptability of short-term traffic forecasting and has the advantages of better flexibility and transferability.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,878 |
what program can i do as microbiology
|
Microbiology overlaps with many other degree areas of biology, such as genetics, molecular biology and immunology. Microbiology-related careers are, therefore, found in a diverse range of employment sectors and typical employers include: healthcare organisations such as the NHS;
|
Microbiology Major. Description: A program that focuses on the scientific study of unicellular organisms and colonies, and subcellular genetic matter and their ecological interactions with human beings and other life.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,913 |
What should I prefer: a job or further study?
|
What should I prefer job or study?
|
How can I earn more money?
|
eng_Latn
| 158,929 |
Become a Food Scientist in the UK
|
Food science involves studying the chemical and biological makeup of food to improve food products and their packaging. Career options for food scientists include working for the government or being employed by well-known food manufacturing companies.
|
Can’t get enough chocolate? Did you know you can grow your own ‘’chocolate factory’’ by planting chocolate corn, peppers and sunflowers in your garden?
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eng_Latn
| 158,952 |
what is the basic subject requirements before studying fish biotechology?
|
A major in biology-zoology if the have it, specializing in Ichthyology. A minor in physics and/or engineering- For core requirements would be biology, zoology, biochem 1, and calculus to get you into the major study listed above.
|
pharmacy, suprisingly, pays pretty well. i recommend business or economics if you dont want something so specialized.
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eng_Latn
| 158,960 |
Is oppurtinity main thing because sometimes your choice is not considered
|
Well, i have the same question as you do. Let me show you a website that is really helping me, i hope it will help you too. There they list your career options, criteria and college where you can study.\nGood luck!
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It depends on the type of business you have chosen to go into. How powerful are the products? What is the pay structure? And most of all are you comfortable with the products? Do you really believe in what you are doing? How strong is the company your with?\nI am in MLM in sorts. take a look at mine, and see if yours compares to it. If it dosen't you may think aboooout changing companies.\nwww.5pillars.com/836645700
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eng_Latn
| 158,966 |
Become a Cryptozoologist
|
Cryptozoology is the study of animals that have been seen but not proven to exist. These animals are called cryptids. There is no qualification or certification to become a cryptozoologist, but it’s a fun hobby with a large and enthusiastic community.
|
Do you have a love for art? Do you like Japanese anime or manga? How about comic books? If any of these apply to you, you might be cut out to become a legendary manga-ka!
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eng_Latn
| 158,974 |
between nursing and radiographer which one have more potential in career and to study abroad?
|
I would say Nursing, as you would have more career choices. You can work in a Dr.'s office (specialist or general practitioner) hospitals, or choose home care, school nurse, occupational health... there are plenty of places to choose from, you can choose something that works with the hours you are comfortable with and the money is superb. Good luck in whatever you choose.
|
I actually took the course at rutgers for pharmacy school.\nIt was amazingly fun and structured.\nI'm sure you'l like it.\nIm a successful pharmacist now and work at Eckerd's, though I only make $95,000 a year.\nHope that helos, good luck with life and everything.\n:]
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eng_Latn
| 158,979 |
why should i become a zoologist?
|
- Because you are interested in animals and willing to study _a lot_ for the rest of your life. \n- Because you have an inquiring mind, fit for research. Not all people come up with interesting or viable questions to investigate.\n- Because you've examined your future working possibilities and they fit your expectations (namely, you won't get rich)\n- Because you're disciplined. Zoology involves much more paperwork, statistics and technicalities than what most people suppose\n\nGood luck :-)
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humour--> you will never get bored
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eng_Latn
| 158,982 |
In college, what major will i have to take to become a DNA Specialist?
|
Genetics and Microbiology. Do you mean to become a forensic scientist? You have to study biotechnology techniques such as PCR. Best thing is to talk to your advisor to find a courseload/major that suits your needs.
|
Go to U.S. Department of Labor online. Go to the OOH (Occupational Outlook Handbook) and enter he job you want to know about. It will tell you the payscale, credentials needed, and how the industry is predicted to grow over the next 8 years.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,987 |
What's the best degree to study in the security business?
|
Criminal Justice - Used for police, FBI, ATF, CSI, etc.\nPublic Administration - More general can have various areas of focus can be used in any government work\nISCOR - International Security and Conflict Resolution - Specifically the conflict resolution portion is highly sought after in many security related fields.\n\nAs with all jobs nowadays the more you know the better your chances are at getting the job you want.
|
Ask a dozen shop owners and make up youre own. Theirs plenty of crime arround and the worst is the White Collar Criminality headed by the US government
|
eng_Latn
| 158,994 |
I want to be a pediatrician but I am not so sure if thats the career path for me, do you know what they do?
|
They take care of babies, and teenagers too. They just monitor their health and give vaccinations. If there's a serious problem they refer them to a specialist. They also write perscriptions for things like earaches, and other common childhood illnesses. Oh, and they also check if a child is developing properly, for instance if they are learning to walk and talk at the age they are supposed to. \n\nIf you are willing to go through more than 6 years of college after high school, and do a lot of studying, it may be the career for you.
|
And who said you were the village idiot?!! Change you name to something more fitting. Good Q!\n\nPS: yes, basically thats how they all start out.
|
eng_Latn
| 158,997 |
what kind of job would a anthropologist hold?
|
The prudent undergraduate will take a well-rounded course of study, with a few practical career-skill courses interwoven in her or his overall program. Anthropology provides a good counterpoint to business courses, foreign language study, technical training, fine arts, and so forth.
|
By drawing and building on knowledge from the humanities and the social, physical, and biological sciences, anthropologists and archeologists examine the ways of life, languages, archeological remains, and physical characteristics of people in various parts of the world.
|
eng_Latn
| 159,012 |
is kinesiology a life science?
|
Kinesiology and exercise science professionals study the basics of mechanics and anatomy, especially in relation to humans and body movement. Education is available at many levels, ranging from associate's to doctoral degrees.
|
Overview of Kinesiology. Kinesiology involves the study of human movement and brings together a number of different fields, including physiology, neuroscience, fitness and exercise science.
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eng_Latn
| 159,016 |
is a geography degree useful
|
While a common question of those who are studying geography is, What are you going to do with a degree in geography?, there are actually many options and potential careers for geography majors.Geography is a major that teaches students a wide-range of useful skills for the marketplace.Employers value the wide-ranging computer, research, and analytical skills that geography students bring to work as employees.hen job-hunting, it's important to stress these skills you've gained during college. While there aren't many job titles that are geographer, there are many types of positions that fit well with a degree in geography. Think about some of the options below as you begin your job search.
|
Top 10 Reasons to Study Geography. 1 To understand basic physical systems that affect everyday life (e.g. earth-sun relationships, water cycles, wind and ocean currents). To learn the location of places and the physical and cultural characteristics of those places in order to function more effectively in our increasingly interdependent world.
|
eng_Latn
| 159,020 |
is marine science a biological science
|
Biology, Biological Sciences, Marine Biology. These programs are administered by the Department of Biological Sciences. A student may earn either the Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degree in biology or the Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degree in biological sciences or marine biology. BACHELOR OF ARTS IN BIOLOGY.
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A marine biologist is usually a person with advanced degrees in life sciences. He or she will study life forms of the ocean from a scientific perspective, and may hold specific bachelors, masters, or PhDs in biology, marine biology, and/or chemistry.There are many different areas in which marine biologists may work. marine biologist is usually a person with advanced degrees in life sciences. He or she will study life forms of the ocean from a scientific perspective, and may hold specific bachelors, masters, or PhDs in biology, marine biology, and/or chemistry.
|
eng_Latn
| 159,027 |
what job to get with kinesiology
|
Kinesiology degrees allow you to work in a variety of professions and settings, including: 1 Exercise therapy. 2 Orthopedics. 3 Sports therapy. 4 Occupational health and Safety.
|
- Video. A Kinesiotherapist has a bachelor's degree in kinesiology, kinesiotherapy or similar subject. They work to rehabilitate those who need to enhance their strength and endurance. Job Description. Kinesiotherapists work with those who need rehabilitation with movement and strength.ow to Become a Kinesiotherapist in 5 Steps. 1 The field of kinesiotherapy combines the study of human movement with healthcare. 2 Learn what you'd do as a kinesiotherapist, and read about bachelor's degree programs, internships and registration for kinesiotherapists.
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eng_Latn
| 159,029 |
what job could i do with a fitness and wellness major
|
Students are prepared for management of health and fitness programs in corporate and clinical settings and for graduate study in exercise physiology, public health, and health promotion. In addition to required courses offered within the department, students complete courses in basic sciences and statistics.
|
Nutrition Jobs. An undergraduate exercise science degree also serves as a great foundation for advanced study in exercise science and other areas such as exercise physiology, medicine, cardiac rehabilitation, physical therapy, sports nutrition, sports medicine, biomechanics or other health related disciplines.
|
eng_Latn
| 159,031 |
what is the best job for someone who loves fitness
|
Teaching a class at your local gym or dance/yoga studio is a great way to get involved in the fitness industry. If you have prior experience studying the discipline you want to teach, you'll likely just need to commit some time to a teacher training or certification program before you can start applying to jobs.
|
We offer the best training in the business, encouraging personal growth and career advancement. Weâre a safety leader in the industry and have been named among the Best Places to Work seven times and counting. Ask anyone on our payroll. Shermco is a fun place to work with plenty of room to grow.
|
eng_Latn
| 159,032 |
how to be a lab tech
|
Throughout the course of your medical laboratory technician (MLT) career, youâll monitor treatments, help diagnose diseases, test samples, study blood cells and enter test results into patientsâ records. Youâll use computers, microscopes and other lab equipment on a daily basis to accomplish these tasks.
|
In CA, you can be a lab technician with just a high school degree and no training or classes in hematology, blood bank, micro, or chemistry. Personally, I wouldn't want such a technician to crossmatch a unit of blood for me much less release results out to the floors.
|
eng_Latn
| 159,033 |
is chemistry a life science
|
The life sciences are rapidly-advancing and thoroughly exciting fields of study that include: anatomy, animal biology, bacteriology, biochemistry, cell biology, ecology, evolutionary biology, genetics, molecular biology, plant biology, physiology, and virology.
|
Chemistry is involved with biology and physics, and there are many career options in pure chemistry as well. Careers in Chemistry Here's a look at some of the career options related to chemistry:
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eng_Latn
| 159,036 |
what do biological technicians do
|
Biological technicians typically do the following: Set up, maintain, and clean laboratory instruments and equipment, such as microscopes, scales, and test tubes. 1 Gather and prepare biological samples, such as blood, food, or bacteria cultures, for laboratory analysis. 2 Conduct biological tests and experiments.iological technicians also may work in private industry and assist in the study of a wide range of topics concerning mining and industrial production. They may test samples in environmental impact studies, or monitor production processes to help ensure products are not contaminated.
|
These biological technician candidates will only require a short on-the-job training, however those with a high school diploma usually have to complete a longer training program, working as a trainee under an experienced technician.hanging Employment (2008-2018). Employment is projected to grow faster than average (increase 14 - 19%). Of the 270,800 jobs that science technicians hold, biological and chemical technicians account for 54 percent of them.
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eng_Latn
| 159,039 |
I know computers will be big but what else could be of use to make big bucks? What are opinions out their?
|
I agree with pea. cole. a "trade" will be the best thing to learn. like you said Computers are what everyone will be needing. You should look into studying nano technology that will get you some serious money or you could try cures for diseases.
|
For salaries in each field (by location), check out salary.com:\nhttp://www.salary.com/home/layoutscripts/homl_display.asp\n\nFor job availablility, run a few searches on Monster.com to see how many openings there are in your area.\n\nMy personal ideas: sales & marketing almost always has openings and pays very well, but e-business and health care management are rapidly growing.\n\nHope this helps!
|
eng_Latn
| 159,046 |
is it competitive to become a marine biologist
|
Marine biology jobs are hard to get, so to be competitive, you need to plan early. Start your preparation in college with a major in biology. Marine biology is good but a degree in general biology is fine, too â specialization can wait till graduate school. Take as many biology courses as you can â the breadth of knowledge will serve you well. Grab every opportunity that you can to engage in research.
|
Part of being a Marine Biologist is studying the impact humans have on the oceans. They help us stay green and show us the impact our lives have on other organisms. Career Cluster: Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics Career Pathway: Science and Mathematics High-School Personal Goals First Goal: Take as many advanced classes for education. Second Goal: Get involved in as summer research programs involving Marine Biology for experience. Third Goal: Take classes on computer software to keep updated.
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eng_Latn
| 159,091 |
Players reject latest deal
|
Toronto - It's getting so late in the game, so to speak, Canadian Prime Minister Paul Martin has offered federal mediation as a last-ditch possibility.
|
Doctors deny older people treatments they would offer younger patients, a study says.
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eng_Latn
| 159,154 |
Chemistry education ( or chemical education ) is a comprehensive term that refers to the study of the teaching and learning of chemistry in all schools , colleges and universities .
|
Chemistry education is the study of the teaching and learning of chemistry .
|
In the United States the National Society of Genetic Counselors defines genetic counselling as : A genetic counsellor is an expert with a Master of Science degree in genetic counseling .
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eng_Latn
| 159,813 |
Oxidation of sulfur compounds. II. Thermal reactions of NO/sub 2/ with aliphatic sulfur compounds
|
A preliminary study on the reaction of NO/sub 2/ and CH/sub 3/SH was found to yield CH/sub 3/SNO as an intermediate and (CH/sub 3/S)/sub 2/ as a final product. The results of the study of the reaction of NO/sub 2/ with CH/sub 3/SH over a wider pressure range are reported. Additionally, the reactions of NO/sub 2/ with CH/sub 3/SNO, (CH/sub 3/S)/sub 2/, and (CH/sub 3/)/sub 2/S have been studied. In all cases reaction proceeded readily and NO was evolved. Large excesses of NO did not react with the sulfur-containing compounds.
|
This paper proposes a hybrid metaheuristic approach that improves global numerical optimization by increasing optimal quality and accelerating convergence. This algorithm involves a recently developed process for chemical reaction optimization and two adjustment operators (turning and mutation operators). Three types of mutation operators (uniform, nonuniform, and polynomial) were combined with chemical reaction optimization and turning operator to find the most appropriate framework. The best solution among these three options was selected to be a hybrid mutation chemical reaction optimization algorithm for global numerical optimization. The optimal quality, convergence speed, and statistical hypothesis testing of our algorithm are superior to those previous high performance algorithms such as RCCRO, HP-CRO2, and OCRO.
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eng_Latn
| 159,820 |
Is there a place in the internet that can help me with chemical reactions. This is like AP level chemical reactions, so something that has to do with the Ap Chemistry course which is prp for the AP Exam.
|
http://www.organic-chemistry.org\nhttp://www.orgsyn.org\nSorry, but organic only ... I don't study inorganic anymore
|
See if you can talk to any teachers that teach 9th grade biology. Or any students that are in 9th grade bio. They could probably give you a good idea of what you'll be covering. Plus, if you show that much interest in doing well in biology, the teacher you talk to will definitely take notice.
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eng_Latn
| 159,956 |
Study Organic Chemistry Effectively
|
Organic chemistry consists of the study of organic molecules, including their formations, reactions, mechanisms of reactions, product formation, and uses.
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This article is going to teach you how to become, and then stay, neat, clean, and organized. However, this may be tough for the first few weeks, but it is achievable.
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eng_Latn
| 159,957 |
What is the study of organic compounds properties known as?
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Hydrogen forms a vast array of compounds with carbon called the hydrocarbons, and an even vaster array with heteroatoms that, because of their general association with living things, are called organic compounds. The study of their properties is known as organic chemistry and their study in the context of living organisms is known as biochemistry. By some definitions, "organic" compounds are only required to contain carbon. However, most of them also contain hydrogen, and because it is the carbon-hydrogen bond which gives this class of compounds most of its particular chemical characteristics, carbon-hydrogen bonds are required in some definitions of the word "organic" in chemistry. Millions of hydrocarbons are known, and they are usually formed by complicated synthetic pathways, which seldom involve elementary hydrogen.
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Three other efforts to improve regulation of international pesticide trade are the United Nations London Guidelines for the Exchange of Information on Chemicals in International Trade and the United Nations Codex Alimentarius Commission.[citation needed] The former seeks to implement procedures for ensuring that prior informed consent exists between countries buying and selling pesticides, while the latter seeks to create uniform standards for maximum levels of pesticide residues among participating countries. Both initiatives operate on a voluntary basis.
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eng_Latn
| 159,984 |
what is chemistry
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Chemistry is a branch of natural science that deals principally with the properties of substances, the changes they undergo, and the natural laws that describe these changes. The study of chemistry spans the range from qualitative in focus to quantitative.
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Chemistry is the study of matter, which can be classified into two categories: substances and mixtures. In this lesson, we will define the term 'substance' and discuss types of substances and specific examples in more detail. College Earth Science: Help and Review / Science Courses.
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eng_Latn
| 160,015 |
definition of physical reaction in chemistry
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II. Vocabulary: 1 Physical Reaction: The matter stays the same, but change in size, shape, or appearance. 2 Chemical Reaction: The matter changes to a different kind of matter, or change in color. 3 Concentration: amount of substance dissolved in a certain amount of solvent.
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Physical chemistry is the study of macroscopic, atomic, subatomic, and particulate phenomena in chemical systems in terms of laws and concepts of physics.
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eng_Latn
| 160,024 |
what is a hydrocarbon
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10 hilariously insightful foreign words. A hydrocarbon is a molecule that is composed of only hydrogen and carbon atoms. These molecules are traditionally a major focus of study in organic chemistry, the branch of chemistry that focuses on chemical compounds involving carbon. They can be described as pure or impure.
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a hydrocarbon is a chemical compound that consists only of the elements carbon c and hydrogen h hydrocarbons contain a backbone consisting of carbon atoms called a carbon skeleton with hydrogen atoms attached to that backbone
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eng_Latn
| 160,045 |
how are chemical compounds formed
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Reactions and compounds. New substances are formed by chemical reactions. When elements react together to form compounds their atoms join to other atoms using chemical bonds. For example, iron and sulfur react together to form a compound called iron sulfide.Mixture of iron (grey) and sulfur (yellow) powders.Compounds usually have different properties from the elements they contain.hen elements react together to form compounds their atoms join to other atoms using chemical bonds. For example, iron and sulfur react together to form a compound called iron sulfide. Mixture of iron (grey) and sulfur (yellow) powders. Compounds usually have different properties from the elements they contain.
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A chemical compound is a chemical formed from atoms of different chemical elements. The different atoms are joined by chemical bonds. The elements stick together so strongly that the compound behaves like one substance. The chemical that is made depends upon what atoms it is made of and how they are joined together.hemists are people who study compounds and find new ways to do chemical reactions. They make chemicals in order to find new ways to do things, like to make a better glue, or to make new medicines, or to make things clean, for example.
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eng_Latn
| 160,062 |
what is a probe in molecular biology?
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Please help improve the article with a good introductory style. (October 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) A molecular probe is a group of atoms or molecules used in molecular biology or chemistry to study the properties of other molecules or structures.
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Noun. 1. space probe-a rocket-propelled guided missile that can escape the earth's atmosphere; makes observations of the solar system that cannot be made by terrestrial observation. guided missile-a rocket-propelled missile whose path can be controlled during flight either by radio signals or by internal homing devices.
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eng_Latn
| 160,194 |
why is organic chemistry so important in the study of biology
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Organic Chemistry is important because most reactions in Biology are organic reactions. Organic Chemistry is the study of structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds.
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We are carbon-based organisms. Organic chemistry is the study of carbon-based molecules, which relate to the biochemistry of living systems. The origin of many organic compounds is that they are produced by living organisms. The term Inorganic chemistry is used for reactions etc. of compounds which are not carbon based.
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eng_Latn
| 160,213 |
what is an organic compound made out of
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Organic compound. An organic compound is virtually any chemical compound that contains carbon, although a consensus definition remains elusive and likely arbitrary.[1] Organic compounds are rare terrestrially, but of central importance because all known life is based on organic compounds.
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To keep it simple, remember it this way: organic compounds always contain carbon and hydrogen (and maybe some other elements), inorganic compounds do not contain carbon and hydrogen together. Organic compounds are found in living things, their wastes, and their remains.ehydration Synthesis vs Hydrolysis : All of the organic compounds we will study are examples of polymers. A polymer is a large chemical compound composed of smaller repeating units --- over & over & over again. Like a long choo-choo train is made up of smaller connected, repeating, choo-choo cars.
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eng_Latn
| 160,229 |
definition of polymer chemistry
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Definition of Polymer. A large molecule consisting of chains or rings of linked monomer units, usually characterized by high melting and boiling points.
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As indicated, the study of organic chemistry overlaps with organometallic chemistry and biochemistry, but also with medicinal chemistry, polymer chemistry, as well as many aspects of materials science.
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eng_Latn
| 160,245 |
define chemistry between two people
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In the context of relationships, chemistry is a simple emotion that two people get when they share a special connection. It is not necessarily sexual. It is the impulse making one think I need to see this [other] person again - that feeling of we click.
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Chemistry is the study of matter, its properties, how and why substances combine or separate to form other substances, and how substances interact with energy. Many people think of chemists as being white-coated scientists mixing strange liquids in a laboratory, but the truth is we are all chemists.
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eng_Latn
| 160,247 |
what is a chemical fossil
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Chemical fossils are chemicals found in rocks and fossil fuels (petroleum, coal, and natural gas) that provide an organic signature for ancient life. Molecular fossils and isotope ratios represent two types of chemical fossils.he fossils themselves are referred to as the fossil record. The fossil record was one of the early sources of data underlying the study of evolution and continues to be relevant to the history of life on Earth.
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Nonetheless, much of the eventual preservation still depends on the chemical composition of the deposits in which the fossil remains are embedded. Within the deposits, the fossil can be partly converted into other minerals by the influence of chemical processes. In that case, the internal structure of the fossil remains well preserved.
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eng_Latn
| 160,278 |
A review of the two types of circulators using Operational Amplifiers (OA) with detailed comparison is given. Novel active circulator circuits using Current Conveyors (CCII) and Current Feedback Operational Amplifiers (CFOA) and Differential Voltage Current Conveyor (DVCC) are introduced. The proposed CCII circulator circuit uses six CCIIs and three floating resistors. Two different circulator types using the CFOA are given. A circulator circuit which uses three DVCCs and has the advantage of using three grounded resistors is also introduced. Spice simulation results using 0.5 μm CMOS transistors are included to support the theoretical analysis and demonstrate comparisons among the different types of circulators.
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In this study, a new ultra-low voltage and ultra-low power voltage differencing buffered amplifier (VDBA) based on dynamic threshold voltage MOS transistors (DTMOS) is proposed. A voltage mode filter configuration is also presented as an application for the proposed VDBA. This filter employed two VDBA blocks and two passive components. The total power consumption of VDBA block is found simply 6.22 nW at a 0.4 V supply voltage. The simulation results by using LTSpice Program with 0.18 μm TSMC CMOS technology model parameters are carried out to show the performance of the proposed active device and its filter applications.
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Berzelius failed to make use of Faraday's electrochemical laws in his laborious determination of equivalent weights.
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eng_Latn
| 160,345 |
Alternate Test Methodology for High Speed A/D Converter Testing on Low Cost Tester
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This paper proposes a test methodology for dynamic specification testing of high-speed A/D converters on a low cost tester using the alternate test approach. In the proposed approach, regression-based mapping functions are generated, using specification data of the device from bench testing. During production testing, the dynamic specifications of the device are estimated on a low cost ATE using an alternate test set-up and the pre-developed mapping functions. As opposed to the conventional method of dynamic specification testing of A/D converters, the proposed approach does not require a spectrally pure sinusoidal input signal and estimates device SNR in presence of sampling clock jitter. Simulation results indicate specification estimation error of less than 4% using the proposed test methodology.
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The performance of Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm is significantly affected by its parameter setting. But the choice of parameters is heavily dependent on the problem characteristics. Therefore, recently a couple of adaptation schemes that automatically adjust DE parameters have been proposed. The current work presents another adaptation scheme for DE parameters namely amplification factor and crossover rate. We systematically analyze the effectiveness of the proposed adaptation scheme for DE parameters using a standard benchmark suite consisting of ten functions. The undertaken empirical study shows that the proposed adaptive DE (aDE) algorithm exhibits an overall better performance compared to other prominent adaptive DE algorithms as well as canonical DE.
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eng_Latn
| 160,384 |
Automated design technique for constant-gm rail-to-rail for OTA input stage
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Constant-g/sub m/ techniques for rail-to-rail CMOS amplifier input stages: a comparative study
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A generic demand-side management model for smart grid
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eng_Latn
| 160,541 |
A 16 Gb/s receiver with DC wander compensated rail-to-rail AC coupling and passive linear-equalizer in 22 nm CMOS
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DC wander effect of DC blocking capacitors on PCIe Gen3 signal integrity
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The EMBRACE II study: The outcome and prospect of two decades of evolution within the GEC-ESTRO GYN working group and the EMBRACE studies
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eng_Latn
| 160,543 |
A case study of algorithm-assisted decision making in child maltreatment hotline screening decisions
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Inherent Trade-Offs in the Fair Determination of Risk Scores
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A power scalable SAR-ADC in 0.18µm-CMOS with 0.5V nano-watt operation
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eng_Latn
| 160,570 |
A Capacitorless LDO Regulator With Fast Feedback Technique and Low-Quiescent Current Error Amplifier
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A Capacitor-Less CMOS Active Feedback Low-Dropout Regulator With Slew-Rate Enhancement for Portable On-Chip Application
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study on influence of column size and slab slenderness on punching strength by .
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eng_Latn
| 160,631 |
A comparative study of 6T, 8T and 9T decanano SRAM cell
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Dual-threshold voltage techniques for low-power digital circuits
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Ziprasidone-induced sub acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus
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eng_Latn
| 160,641 |
Low Power Fully Differential Folded Cascode OTA with CMFB Circuit
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High-Performance Four-Stage CMOS OTA Suitable for Large Capacitive Loads
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A rule extraction study on a neural network trained by deep learning
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eng_Latn
| 160,687 |
Research Guides: Christian-Muslim studies: Books & E-books
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This library guide helps promote and engage "the study of Islam among Christians and the study of Christianity among Muslims". It disseminates scholarly resources on Christian-Muslim research.
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It can promote the book search service of Web OPAC,and benefit the rapid information search to apply static links and embedded viewer API in Google Book Search API and insert Google Book Search to book search service of Web OPAC.
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yue_Hant
| 160,973 |
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