nopperl/pmc-image-text · Datasets at Hugging Face

dedup-isc-ft-v107-score float64 0.3 1	uid stringlengths 32 32	text stringlengths 1 17.9k	paper_id stringlengths 8 11	original_image_filename stringlengths 7 69
0.515041	8d5808f4e3624a01bccb108da8e7ea8a	Reference images for the main graphite forms in cast iron. Source: [12]. Dimensions of graphite particle forms I to VI.	PMC9029122	materials-15-02884-g002.jpg
0.487363	b1d39397fab243f88c36ceb3cf16554f	One of several rejected images. Comparing it with Figure 1, we can see that it would be very difficult to isolate the black structures. Source: [11].	PMC9029122	materials-15-02884-g003.jpg
0.428556	c6d717892bb6404290ab062af1dca939	Detecting the shape shown in the reference image in the query image. In the lower right corner, the detected shapes are marked in red. The yellow cross shows the most relevant point. The reference image in this case is a black circle.	PMC9029122	materials-15-02884-g004.jpg
0.413472	482f11294a5c4afbb09b0e4a18d51336	Edge detection with Canny filter.	PMC9029122	materials-15-02884-g005.jpg
0.401236	9b88245db01e40eb9c0e5fef24d9804d	Canny Filter Operation. Each detected structure is marked with a different color.	PMC9029122	materials-15-02884-g006.jpg
0.421271	48cf43da1e5e48d0ae06732d7e712cb6	Two sample photos of microstructures. Their textures and shapes in this location are radically different. It’s important for used artificial intelligence methods.	PMC9029122	materials-15-02884-g007.jpg
0.454017	fd14e575a93843c4ba04e38106e2faf5	Visualization of the decision tree.	PMC9029122	materials-15-02884-g008.jpg
0.501403	908dbd1b32014e6a8c75b20185ed624b	Presents a visualization of a tree constructed with the CART algorithm using hyperparameter optimization.	PMC9029122	materials-15-02884-g009.jpg
0.484187	3dee2bbba170429b867384706e3ac8b5	Average times of returning the results for individual models. Calculation times for unbalanced data.	PMC9029122	materials-15-02884-g010.jpg
0.492609	5f2610f8d13a4ad9a567cb61bec64446	Sulfide generation and oxidation pathways. In the cytoplasm, cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) and cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) facilitate H2S release from L-Cysteine and homocysteine. Cysteine-aminotransferase uses L-cysteine to form 3-mercapto-pyruvate, which is then used by 3-mercaptopyruvate-sulfurtransferase (MST) for mitochondrial H2S release. Sulfide quinone oxidoreductase (SQR) oxidizes H2S to persulfides in the mitochondria, and persulfides are further oxidized, which ultimately results in the formation of thiosulfate and sulfate. MST and rhodanese can re-generate H2S from thiosulfate, a process which can also happen non-enzymatically. Figure created in BioRender. Adapted from “Electron transport chain”, by BioRender.com (2022). Retrieved from https://app.biorender.com/biorender-templates (accessed on 15 March 2022).	PMC9029606	biomolecules-12-00543-g001.jpg
0.498492	23fac66e1c1e4c5cb64bb8d5cf6002db	Effects of Na2S2O3 on mitochondrial respiration (oxidative phosphorylation as assessed by routine O2 consumption JO2) in cultured cortical neurons from fetal rat brains. Primary neuron cultures from the fronto-temporal cortex were prepared from fetal rat brains (embryonic day 18) and seeded on poly-L-lysine-coated culture flasks. The cells were grown in neurobasal medium, and complemented with B27 supplement, L-glutamine, and penicillin/streptomycin. At day 22–24 of culturing, cells were incubated with PBS (control) or 4, 20, or 100 mM Na2S2O3 for 4 h and harvested in respiration medium (MIR05: 0.5 mM EGTA, 3 mM MgCl2, 60 mM Lactobionic acid, 20 mM Taurine, 10 mM KH2PO4, 20 mM HEPES, 110 mM sucrose, 1 g/L bovine serum albumin). Mitochondrial oxygen consumption was determined after the addition of 10 mM pyruvate, 10 mM glutamate, 5 mM malate, 5 mM ADP, 10 µM cytochrome c, 10mM succinate, and uncoupling with 1.5 mM Carbonyl cyanide-4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP). N = 6 measurements in each group. Data are median (IQR), # p < 0.01 and § p < 0.0001 vs. control. A low Na2S2O3 concentration (4 mM) increased, while a high concentration (100 mM) inhibited mitochondrial respiratory activity. Intermediate concentrations (20 mM) had variable effects.	PMC9029606	biomolecules-12-00543-g002.jpg
0.488207	f30d7329109b49928bb93c40382d8508	Biochemical effects of sodium thiosulfate. Na2S2O3 can reduce oxidized glutathione [34], mediate vaso-dilation [35], work as a calcium chelator [36], and work as an antidote for cyanide [37]. Figure taken from [38]. Copyright 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Reprinted with permission.	PMC9029606	biomolecules-12-00543-g003.jpg
0.41406	f9a8da8f10e04814b121e342d4ac9c7a	Preliminary results of the NU-HOPE observational trial. (A): Placental expression of the H2S-producting enzyme cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) and oxytocin receptor (OTR) directly correlate. (B): The childhood trauma questionnaire score (CTQ) directly correlates with placental expression of the H2S-producing enzyme cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE).	PMC9029606	biomolecules-12-00543-g004.jpg
0.421481	c4f94bd8456949e9a80b848539251999	Sample locations (red triangle) of Frankliniella occidentalis populations collected in (a) 2009–2013, (b) 2014–2018 and (c) 2020–2021. The larger red triangle represents multiple populations collected from Beijing.	PMC9029678	insects-13-00331-g001.jpg
0.437619	4ace58a808ec4ca0a45620173b2487f4	Genotype frequencies of G275E mutation in Frankliniella occidentalis populations during (a) 2009–2013, (b) 2014–2018 and (c) 2020–2021. RR, resistant homozygote genotype; RS, heterozygote genotype; SS, sensitive homozygote genotype. The “*” represents deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p < 0.05); NA represents a population consisting only of homozygous genotypes.	PMC9029678	insects-13-00331-g002.jpg
0.472315	8d77e20923284573baa37b5098682316	Plot of G275E-resistant allele frequencies in three collecting periods. The horizontal black solid line represents the median for each period; the red dot represents the mean. Red error bars indicate the standard error.	PMC9029678	insects-13-00331-g003.jpg
0.450738	2a342f6f531846cd9a258ee1463eccb2	Regression between (ln) LC50 and the frequencies of (a) the resistant allele, (b) RR resistant genotype and (c) the sum of homozygous and heterozygote genotypes with the resistant G275E mutation across all populations tested. We have also provided the regressions when the BJDJ2020 and BJHD2021 populations are excluded (d–f).	PMC9029678	insects-13-00331-g004.jpg
0.444906	8260ea5190a745ee9f09ca95cc34c3c5	Physicochemical characterization of different Cr2O3 particles. Size distribution was measured in ultrapure water at a concentration of 10 µg/cm². 1A–1C: representative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the particles. 2A–2C: average diameters of particle A (42 nm), B (78 nm) and C (146 nm). 3A–3C: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra of the particles. The red signal at 579.6 eV only present in Figure 1(3A) is characteristic for Cr(VI), while the blue multiplet signal between 575.3 and 578.6 eV is characteristic for Cr(III).	PMC9029936	nanomaterials-12-01294-g001a.jpg
0.546928	5355d9398e9043329cfd1a03e7533c73	ATP content of A549 (A) and HaCaT (B) cells after 24 h treatment with Cr(III) oxide particles Cr2O3, CrCl3, or K2Cr2O7. Treatments below 66 µM (corresponding to 1 μg/cm2 chromium) are shown in (A.1) and (B.1). Treatments covering the entire dose range investigated are depicted in (A.2) and (B.2). Mean values ± standard deviations derived from three independent experiments are shown. Statistics were performed using ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s T post hoc test: p ≤ 0.01, * p ≤ 0.001.	PMC9029936	nanomaterials-12-01294-g002.jpg
0.384867	5e7eddc3050f41c484e26af5757880fb	Release of chromium from Cr2O3 particles in different media. Cr2O3 particles measuring 1.0 mg/mL were either incubated in ultrapure water (pH 7.0) or artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF) (pH 4.5) for 0 h, 24 h, 48 h, or 120 h. The remaining particles were removed from the supernatant by centrifugation as described in Materials and Methods. Total chromium release was quantified by atomic absorption chromatography (AAS) (A) or Cr(VI) release by a colorimetric DPC assay (B) by applying the chromogenic dye 1,5-diphenylcarbazone. Mean values of 3 independent determinations ± SD are shown.	PMC9029936	nanomaterials-12-01294-g003.jpg
0.488133	3cb6202fc2904bb883816e581bbf5d31	Overview of the impact of K2Cr2O7, CrCl3, or three different Cr(III) oxide particles on human lung epithelial cells (A549) using a high-throughput RT-qPCR approach with a custom-designed gene set. The genes under investigation have been clustered into groups associated with metal homeostasis, oxidative stress response, inflammation, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation as well as DNA damage response and repair. A549 cells were treated with the respective chromium compound for 24 h. Displayed are the log2 fold changes of relative gene expression as a heatmap. Red colors indicate an enhanced expression, and blue colors indicate a down-regulation. The mean values of at least three independently conducted experiments are shown.	PMC9029936	nanomaterials-12-01294-g004.jpg
0.453646	e819b79d2aa245b5ad52b38a428d6f9e	Overview of the impact of K2Cr2O7, CrCl3, or three different Cr(III) oxide particles on human keratinocytes (HaCaT) using a high-throughput RT-qPCR approach with a custom-designed gene set. The genes under investigation have been clustered into groups associated with metal homeostasis, oxidative stress response, inflammation, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation as well as DNA damage response and repair. HaCaT cells were treated with the respective chromium compound for 24 h. Displayed are the log2 fold changes of relative gene expression as a heatmap. Red colors indicate an enhanced expression, and blue colors indicate a down-regulation. The mean values of three independently conducted experiments are shown.	PMC9029936	nanomaterials-12-01294-g005.jpg
0.415247	6db8f44573f54239b92cac6d6a4ba6dd	Structural properties of 40-nm-thick YIG films grown on GGG substrates with thin metal layers. (a) X-ray diffraction patterns recorded on samples with 5–7 nm metal underlayers. Note that the (222) peaks of the GGG substrate are so-called basis-forbidden reflections due to multiple diffraction [43]. Insets denoted as HR-XRD show high-resolution scans utilizing a four-crystal monochromator. The inset showing the Ir (111) reflection comes from a separate scan with a long statistical exposure. (b) SEM surface images. Insets show height-height correlation function (HHCF) as a function of lateral distance r calculated on the basis of SEM contrast changes to evaluate the defect correlation length ξ. (c) AFM topography maps.	PMC9030244	materials-15-02814-g001.jpg
0.482063	95aab16041c943e394431827134089a9	Broadband ferromagnetic resonance results for 40-nm-thick YIG films deposited on different metal underlayers with a nominal thickness dm. (a) Effective magnetization Meff normalized to Meffref of a reference YIG film. (b) Gilbert damping parameter α. (c) Inhomogeneous linewidth broadening μ0ΔH0. The inset shows calculated values of the effective damping parameter with Equation (3) for a 1-nm-thick metal layer. The color legend depicted in (a) also applies to (b,c). Values marked as reference YIG (shaded section) derive from measurements of the epitaxial film taken at the positions outside the metal wedge. (d–f) VNA spectroscopy results measured with lithographically patterned antennas for YIG (40 nm)/Au (3.0 nm)/GGG (111). (d) Color-coded reflection parameter S22 showing the FMR absorption. (e) Color-coded transmission parameter S12 for the magnetic field aligned parallel to the antennas (ϕH= 90°). (f) Color-coded angular dependence of S12 spectrum. Inset depicts in-plane magnetic field orientation with respect to the antenna geometry (ϕH= 0° for the magnetic field aligned perpendicular to the antenna edge). In figures (d–f), the real part of the scattering parameter Spq is plotted. (g,h) SNS-MOKE microscopy maps and line profiles recorded at μ0H= 20 mT for YIG (40 nm)/Au (3.0 nm)/GGG (111).	PMC9030244	materials-15-02814-g002.jpg
0.444188	946ad69c0e004abe850d0ce40a019608	(a) Second derivative of the dispersion relation ω″(k) for the surface and backward volume, and the forward volume SWs. In (b, c), the ratio of the decay length Ld to the wavelength λ is shown for SSW and FVSW, respectively, for different values of the SW packet spatial width σx. In figures (a–c), the dependencies are calculated for typical parameters of a 50-nm-thick epitaxial YIG film with saturation magnetization Ms= 140 kA/m, exchange stiffness Dex= 5.3·10−17 T∙m2, and effective damping αeff= 1·10−4. (d) Reflection coefficient as a function of the effective damping parameter αeff in the damping unit. The inset illustrates the simulation geometry. In (e,f), the time evolution of SW packet is shown for a damping unit with αeff= 0 and αeff= 0.02, respectively. The insets show time dependences of the SW amplitude taken at x= 5 μm (marked with grey dashed lines). Figures (e,f) are also visualized in supplementary Videos S1 and S2.	PMC9030244	materials-15-02814-g003.jpg
0.429592	57a0403e3fdb4d529365a66e795294fd	The length of the latent period in the development of bacteriophages assessed by one-step growth experiments. (A) Enterococcus phage GVEsP-1. (B) Enterococcus phage SSsP-1. The shaded areas delineate standard deviation in three biological replicates.	PMC9030284	viruses-14-00831-g001.jpg
0.482808	e12a668f5e384390959fc5052464a20e	Morphology of the bacteriophages as revealed by transmission electron microscopy. (A) Enterococcus phage GVEsP-1. (B) Enterococcus phage SSsP-1. Scale bars = 100 nm.	PMC9030284	viruses-14-00831-g002.jpg
0.483623	6a5d78b032be434ca9234abd0e8d5d27	Genome organization of the bacteriophages. (A) Enterococcus phage GVEsP-1. (B) Enterococcus phage SSsP-1.	PMC9030284	viruses-14-00831-g003.jpg
0.44502	3e1caadd14fa44368e1a8e2073eab138	Evolutionary relationships of studied bacteriophages within Schiekvirus and Saphexavirus visualized by NeighborNet phylogenetic networks. (A) The position of GVEsP-1 within Schiekvirus. (B) The position of SSsP-1 within Saphexavirus. The viruses described in the present work are highlighted in purple.	PMC9030284	viruses-14-00831-g004.jpg
0.364529	9f36cf858d2c4728acc60753312f1e9f	Protein-coding gene synteny in Schiekvirus (A) and Saphexavirus (B). The black axes correspond to the whole-genome sequences, whereas the colored connections indicate homologous coding sequences, determined by BLAST searches. All CDSs in the dataset were divided into quartiles according to their GC content. Color scale from purple to green indicates homology between the sequences within the same quartiles. The connections between CDSs from different quartiles are colored orange.	PMC9030284	viruses-14-00831-g005.jpg
0.451195	1020ee3ce0644b7887095d2c1d59b0bf	Survival curves in the animal infection model experiment. (A) Mice infected with E. faecalis strain CCUG 52538 and treated with the phage GVEsP-1. (B) Mice infected with E. faecalis strain Serg and treated with the phage SSsP-1.	PMC9030284	viruses-14-00831-g006.jpg
0.487573	c14740ded44e4b25a892fa60b0e98632	Subject standing on platform with cell phone and reflective marker at L5 and FSs at base of calcaneus and head of second metatarsal. Subject starting gait with right leg by 2-m walkway.	PMC9030467	sensors-22-02935-g001.jpg
0.43198	9b370a94d4bb414fb5f5513c3d5541b4	Vertical acceleration signals registered by Momentum app (black line) and by kinematics (blue line) during vertical jump. Dotted line represents peak acceleration on this axis, corresponding to impact with ground, which is used for synchronization. Acc: Acceleration.	PMC9030467	sensors-22-02935-g002.jpg
0.581113	f6c8a35fa71d44ad954971e0dea0125b	Mediolateral (ML) acceleration curve extracted from the kinematic signal of one subject. The variables included in the method are expressed by numbers and blue circles in the graph (meaning of each variable are explained in method session). The dashed line represents moment when heel leaves ground.	PMC9030467	sensors-22-02935-g003.jpg
0.496818	e7a9d26c6d9f41f6a9c4dfa1348f80ce	COM accelerations of each subject and resultant from first session. Data from kinematics and Momentum app are represented. Thick line represents average resulting from 20 subjects. Dashed line represents heel-off moment. (ML: Mediolateral).	PMC9030467	sensors-22-02935-g004.jpg
0.433321	59b59293985043918afc2c9c74762a82	Analysis of mean and SD of subjects in first and second sessions, with both instruments: Kinematics and Momentum app. Top part of graph presents the anticipatory variables, and those below are step variables after heel-off. (A): APAonset; (B): PEAKtime; (C): APAamp; (D): STEPpeak1; (E): STEPpeak2, and (F): STEPinterval.	PMC9030467	sensors-22-02935-g005.jpg
0.453391	c90c97179eb546b588f6bb5523aa428a	Linear correlation graphs and Bland–Altman correlation graphs showing high correlation between assessment instruments. r ≥ 0.7 represents very high correlation, and asterisk (*) represents values that present statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05). Anticipatory variables are shown to left of graph, and step variables, after heel-off, to right. (A): APAonset; (B): PEAKtime; (C): APAamp; (D): STEPpeak1; (E): STEPpeak2, and (F): STEPinterval.	PMC9030467	sensors-22-02935-g006.jpg
0.402496	deafb3238321484487e79a0dba26fe41	(A) Surface staining of tumor-elicited high-density neutrophils for Clec4e, Dectin-1 and NKG2D. (B) RT-PCR of indicted genes. Neut. = Neutrophils; BM = Bone marrow. (C) WB of supernatants from AT3 overexpressing tet-inducible form of Flag-tagged soluble sClec4e, sDectin and sNKG2D in the absence (Control) or presence of 1 μg/mL doxycycline (Dox.). bg = background band. (D) The sensitivity of AT3 overexpressing tet-inducible form of soluble sClec4e-Flag, sDectin-Flag and sNKG2D-Flag to neutrophil cytotoxicity. (E) WB of supernatant from AT3 overexpressing tet-inducible form of soluble sClec4e-Fc, sDectin-1-Fc and sNKG2D-Fc in the absence (Control) or presence of 1 μg/mL doxycycline (Dox.). (F) The sensitivity of AT3 overexpressing tet-inducible form of soluble sClec4e-Fc, sDectin-Fc and sNKG2D-Fc to neutrophil cytotoxicity. ** p < 0.001.	PMC9030733	biomedicines-10-00908-g001.jpg
0.420815	b4f1bea5041b4e3d9c0a48f42710d2f1	(A) Inhibition of neutrophil cytotoxicity using blocking antibodies to Clec4e. (B) Inhibition of neutrophil cytotoxicity using blocking antibodies to Dectin-1. (C) Blocking antibodies to NKG2D did not perturb neutrophil cytotoxicity. (D) The concomitant presence of both anti-Clec4e (1 μg/mL) and anti-RAGE (1 μg/mL) did not cause a stronger inhibition of neutrophil cytotoxicity towards AT3 cells than either antibody alone. (E–G) Immunoprecipitation of C-type lectin receptor Fc fusion proteins in the presence of sNKG2D-Flag (E) sClec4e-Flag (F) or sDectin-1-Flag (G) Pre-IP = Cell extract samples prior to immunoprecipitation. IP = Immunoprecipitated samples. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001.	PMC9030733	biomedicines-10-00908-g002.jpg
0.450549	45f22415feb34f1c90c85187edd04d12	(A) Cytotoxicity of neutrophils pretreated in vitro 30 min with 10 μM SYK inhibitor R406 towards 4T1 and AT3 cells. (A–C) Local tumor growth of 4T1 (B) or AT3 (C) in mice that have been given control or R788-containing diet. (D,E). Cytotoxicity of neutrophils isolated from 4T1 (D) or AT3 (E)-tumor bearing mice that have been given control or R788-containing diet. (F) Lungs from 4T1-bearing mice that have been given control or R788-containing diet for 23, 30 and 35 days. (G,H) Spleen from 4T1-bearing mice that have been given control or R788-containing diet for 23, 30 and 35 days. (I) Percentage neutrophils in blood samples from 4T1-bearing mice that have been given control or R788-containing diet for 23, 30 and 35 days. (J) The neutrophil count in 1 mL blood samples from 4T1-bearing mice that have been given control or R788-containing diet for 23, 30 and 35 days. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001.	PMC9030733	biomedicines-10-00908-g003.jpg
0.426777	0daf46932ff747aab1e6a9eb695f2d56	(A) Binding of sDectin-Fc to the cell surface of AT3 cells. AT3 cells were incubated with supernatant containing sClec4e-Fc, sDectin-1-Fc or sNKG2D-Fc, followed by incubation with APC-anti-Fc antibodies (red histograms). Black histograms represent 2nd antibody alone. (B) Kaplan-Meier Plot of survival of Her-2 positive breast cancer patients with low (black) or high (red) expression of Nidogen-1. (C) Kaplan-Meier Plot of survival of Her-2 positive breast cancer patients with low (black) or high (red) expression of Hspg2. (D) RT-PCR analysis of Nidogen-1 and Hspg2 expression in various tumor cell lines and in neutrophils (Neut.). (E) Co-immunoprecipitation of endogenous Nidogen-1 and endogenous Hspg2 in AT3 cells overexpressing tet-inducible Fc fusion proteins as indicated. Induction of Fc fusion proteins was done by adding 1 μg/mL doxycycline (Dox.) to the culture. Pre-IP = Cell extract samples prior to immunoprecipitation. IP = Immunoprecipitated samples. (F) Immunoprecipitation of Nidogen-1-Flag using the indicated Fc fusion proteins as baits. The proteins were overexpressed in AT3 cells. (G) Immunoprecipitation study of Nidogen-1-Flag using Galectin-3-Fc fusion protein as a bait. The proteins were overexpressed in AT3 cells. Pre-IP = Cell extract samples prior to immunoprecipitation. IP = Immunoprecipitated samples.	PMC9030733	biomedicines-10-00908-g004.jpg
0.543419	aa0d882a1e344d42b7f255e06c226a51	(A) Western blot analysis of Nidogen-Fc expression in supernatants of AT3 cells used for cell binding studies in (B). (B) Nidogen-1-Fc binding to tumor cells. The cells were incubated with supernatant containing Nidogen-1-Fc followed by incubation with APC-anti-Fc antibodies (red histograms). Black histograms represent cells incubated with control supernatant and APC-anti-Fc antibodies. (C) Staining of tumor cells with anti-Nidogen-1 antibodies followed by 2nd FITC-anti-rat antibodies (red histograms). Black histograms represent cells incubated with 2nd antibody only. (D) Western blot analysis of Nidogen link region (aa 270–356) fused to Fc and Nidogen G2 region (aa 357–665) fused to Fc. (E) Binding of Nidogen-G2 region-Fc fusion protein to AT3 cells. AT3 cells were incubated with supernatant containing either the Nidogen link region (aa 270–356) fused to Fc or Nidogen G2 region (aa 357–665) fused to Fc followed by incubation with APC-anti-Fc antibodies (red histograms). Black histograms represent cells incubated with control supernatant and APC-anti-Fc antibodies. (F) Staining of AT3 cells with anti-Hspg2 antibodies followed by 2nd FITC-anti-rat antibodies (red histograms). Black histograms represent cells incubated with 2nd antibody only. (G) Co-immunoprecipitation of endogenous Hspg2 in AT3 cells overexpressing tet-inducible Nidogen-1-Fc fusion protein. Induction of the Fc fusion protein was done by adding 1 μg/mL doxycycline (Dox.) to the culture. Pre-IP = Cell extract samples prior to immunoprecipitation. IP = Immunoprecipitated samples. (H) Co-immunoprecipitation of endogenous Nidogen-1 and endogenous Hspg2 in LLC cells overexpressing tet-inducible sRAGE-Fc fusion protein. Induction of Fc fusion proteins was done by adding 1 μg/mL doxycycline (Dox.) to the culture. Pre-IP = Cell extract samples prior to immunoprecipitation. IP = Immunoprecipitated samples.	PMC9030733	biomedicines-10-00908-g005.jpg
0.475744	8e1f5559b3f6413e8944e6e065fe0f07	(A,B) Relative mRNA levels of Nidogen-1 in AT3 and LLC cells following transduction of two different shRNAs targeting Nidogen-1 (A), and the resulting susceptibility of these cells to neutrophil cytotoxicity (B). (C,D) Relative mRNA levels of Hspg2 in AT3 and LLC cells following transduction of two different shRNAs targeting Hspg2 (C), and the resulting susceptibility of these cells to neutrophil cytotoxicity (D). * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001.	PMC9030733	biomedicines-10-00908-g006.jpg
0.463371	8387c384bc664ff5b9eed3a8211dd6b3	A proposed model of the neutrophil-tumor cell synapse. CLR – C-type Lectin Receptor; NID1 – Nidogen-1.	PMC9030733	biomedicines-10-00908-g007.jpg
0.402373	09c3356b9dc24e4886ccc8eeb6d8db86	Representation of the NGS-based NIPGT-A workflow including four main steps. Step 1: IVF procedure and sample collection; Step 2: Whole genome amplification; Step 3: Next generation sequencing; Step 4: Bioinformatics analysis. (OCS: “optimized criteria system”, WGA: whole genome amplification, MALBAC: multiple annealing and looping-based amplification).	PMC9031636	ijms-23-04327-g001.jpg
0.485219	26c923a2e1c1486fb24f3143dc2c9154	Flower catheter structure and myocardial and blood tissue model. Blood thickness H1 = 50 mm, myocardial thickness H2 = 10 mm, pulmonary vein diameter D1 = 25 mm. The electrode spacing was 2.5 mm, the electrode length was 2.5 mm, and the electrode diameter was 2.33 mm. The gray area in the model is the electrode, the light blue area is the catheter, the lavender area is the myocardium, and the light pink area is the blood. The red numbers of “1–5” in the top view are the serial numbers of the catheter spline, whereas D2 and D3 are the auxiliary lines. “i–iv” represent the serial numbers of the four electrodes on spline 1, and the other splines are also numbered “i–iv” in the same order.	PMC9031694	jcdd-09-00095-g001.jpg
0.399748	9d945b9ed9be4b4db45d4c392d4bf0da	Biphasic pulse sequence.	PMC9031694	jcdd-09-00095-g002.jpg
0.407306	71bb8742ce9c47d99b68a81ec7294f94	The boundary conditions of the model and the four discharge modes of the flower catheter.	PMC9031694	jcdd-09-00095-g003.jpg
0.427806	5141f3543dcb4c6f9952728dac4eed61	The electric field distribution and effective lesion area of modes (A,B) (without rotation). (A1,B1) is the electric field intensity distribution, and (A2,B2) and (A3,B3) are sectional views of the effective lesion area (magenta) on the myocardial surface and 3 mm below the myocardial surface, respectively.	PMC9031694	jcdd-09-00095-g004.jpg
0.420919	d6a81a2258fe4ceba6821fefbd595038	The electric field distribution and effective lesion area of modes (C,D) (without rotation). (C1,D1) is the electric field intensity distribution, and (C2,D2) and (C3,D3) are sectional views of the effective lesion area (magenta) on the myocardial surface and 3 mm below the myocardial surface, respectively.	PMC9031694	jcdd-09-00095-g005.jpg
0.397197	9ce386e66c924bb58f793429fc27ae35	The effective lesion area after rotation. (A–D) represent the discharge modes A–D, respectively. (a) and (c) are the effective lesion areas caused by a single ablation, (a) and (b) are on the surface of the myocardium, and (c) and (d) are 3 mm below the myocardium. (b) and (d) are the total effective lesion areas caused by the corresponding two rotations. Magenta represents the effective lesion area before rotation, and orange and dark red represent the effective lesion area after rotations of 24° and 48°, respectively.	PMC9031694	jcdd-09-00095-g006.jpg
0.459552	6fc4bab3aa4b47e59154c1bc8b069c7a	Horizontal distribution of the electric field vector of modes (A,B). (A2,B2) are sectional views of the effective lesion area (magenta) on the myocardial surface. The black arrow represents the electric field vector. Blue arrows represent electric field cancellation, and yellow arrows represent electric field superposition. Magenta represents the effective lesion area.	PMC9031694	jcdd-09-00095-g007.jpg
0.4198	a441394c1af2465a9fa3b67137849583	The spatial distribution of the electric field vector of the modes (A,B). The black arrow represents the electric field vector. Blue arrows represent electric field cancellation, and yellow arrows represent electric field superposition. Magenta represents the effective lesion area.	PMC9031694	jcdd-09-00095-g008.jpg
0.401664	c4d80662220447cf8b8483b57e8e6f3a	The evolution process of electrode arrangement and effective lesion area of mode C. (a) Spline 1 is connected to the positive terminal and spline 2 is grounded; (b) spline 1 is connected to the positive terminal, and spline 5 is grounded; (c) spline 1 is connected to the positive terminal, and splines 2 and 5 are grounded at the same time. The black arrow is the electric field vector. Blue arrows represent electric field cancellation and yellow arrows represent electric field superposition. Magenta represents the effective lesion area.	PMC9031694	jcdd-09-00095-g009.jpg
0.482378	c6a135a9c4d04ae7839bb5a6982b3c9b	Differences between groups at MMSE total score. (* significant different, p < 0.001). AD = Alzheimer’s Disease; MCI = mild cognitive impairment; FMD = functional memory disorders; CTRL = controls.	PMC9032514	geriatrics-07-00049-g001.jpg
0.529818	84985f5a9df04545ac6c1aecf6f73e92	Differences between groups at T5P total score. (* significant different, p < 0.001). AD = Alzheimer’s Disease; MCI = mild cognitive impairment; FMD = functional memory disorders; CTRL = controls.	PMC9032514	geriatrics-07-00049-g002.jpg
0.494796	b6e2f3c041c74d86a3cf03f75d187609	ROC Curve—T5P total score ≤ 9 discriminates between PAT group and HC group. MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination, CDT: clock drawing test, T5P= Test delle 5 Parole.	PMC9032514	geriatrics-07-00049-g003.jpg
0.468661	94c2161d22114520bfa0d0cd7db263a9	ROC Curve—T5P total score ≤ 9 discriminates between the MCI and FMD groups. MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination, CDT: clock drawing test, T5P = Test delle 5 Parole.	PMC9032514	geriatrics-07-00049-g004.jpg
0.457685	afc395503919424898f8c5e0e9e9dba1	Pathological evaluation and the number of goblet cells of colon tissues of anti-TB drugs and Lactobacillus casei for 42 days. (A) Pathological conditions were observed under 200-fold field; 1 indicated irregular crypts, 2 indicated columnar cell, 3 indicated goblet cell, Scale bars, 50 μm. (B) Columnar cells; (C) Goblet cells; (D) The proportion of goblet cells to columnar cells. Values are mean ± SD, n = 5 per group. CN: control group, HR: Isoniazid + rifampicin model group, LLc: HR + low dose L. casei ATCC334 group, HLc: HR + high dose L. casei ATCC334 group. indicates p < 0.01, * indicates p < 0.001.	PMC9032531	nutrients-14-01668-g001.jpg
0.432788	7234b26d99f744419db119c9464b4900	The Effects of anti-TB drugs and Lactobacillus casei on colonic immunity and inflammation-related factors. (A) LPS in serum, n = 10 per group. (B) β-defensin-2 in serum, except the CN group n = 8, the other groups n = 10. (C) Colonic mucus MUC-2 in colon, except the LLc group n = 8, the other groups n = 10. Immune and inflammatory factors in the colon:(D) sIgA, (E) IL-6, (F) IL-10, (G) IL-12 p70, (H) TNF-α. n = 10 per group. Values are mean ± SD. LPS: lipopolysaccharide, MUC-2: Member of the mucin family, sIgA: secretory IgA, IL-6: interleukin-6, IL-10: interleukin-10, IL-12p70: interleukin-12 p70. CN: control group, HR: isoniazid + rifampicin model group, LLc: HR + low dose L. casei ATCC334 group, HLc: HR + high dose L. casei ATCC334 group. * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01.	PMC9032531	nutrients-14-01668-g002.jpg
0.446388	420e0d919f8049a6b7e3b36afaaee250	Lactobacillus casei improve the reduction of alpha and beta diversity induced by anti-TB drugs. Alpha diversity:(A) OUT numbers (B) Chao1 index (C) Shannon index at two-week and six-week. PCA based on unweighted UniFrac distance to compare the similarity of species types between groups: (D) PCoA based on unweighted uniFrac distance on OTU level, week 2; (E) PCoA based on unweighted uniFrac distance on OTU level, week 6. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance in weighted UniFrac similarity coefficient (PERMANOVA) was also performed (D,E). n = 5 in each group, values are presented as the mean ± SD, * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01. CN: control group, HR: isoniazid + rifampicin model group, LLc: HR + low dose L. casei group, HLc: HR + high dose L. casei group.	PMC9032531	nutrients-14-01668-g003.jpg
0.444775	bf57e825225c4eb498910f319fd8c6b2	Lactobacillus casei and anti-TB drugs change the community structure of gut microbes. (A) Relative abundance of microbial taxa determined by 16S rRNA analysis of fecal bacteria at genus level, week 2 and week 6. Percentages of bacteria with greater abundance in the gut microbial communities at the genus level: (B) Lactobacillus; (C) Bacteroides; (D) Akkermansia; (E) Blautia; (F) Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group; (G) Ruminococcaceae_UCG-013. n = 5 in each group, values are presented as mean ± SD, * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01. CN: control group, HR: isoniazid + rifampicin model group, LLc: HR + low dose L. casei ATCC334 group, HLc: HR + high dose L. casei ATCC334 group.	PMC9032531	nutrients-14-01668-g004.jpg
0.453152	c90a2b352cb647e7825a4ec344876ec1	The Effects of Lactobacillus casei and Anti-TB drugs on fecal short-chain fatty acids at week 6. (A)The effect of anti-TB drugs on short-chain fatty acids in rat feces. The effect of probiotics intervention on short-chain fatty acids in feces of rats with anti-TB drugs: (B) Low-dose L. casei ATCC334, (C) High-dose L. casei ATCC334. (D) Spearman correlation analysis of short-chain fatty acids and intestinal microbes at the genus level. The top 20 genera in relative abundance were included in the analysis, the correlation coefficient threshold is set to 0.1, p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. * indicates p < 0.05, indicates p < 0.01, * indicates p < 0.001. n = 9 in each group in Short-chain fatty acid analysis. The principle of joint analysis of intestinal microbes and short-chain fatty acid content is to match the same rat and the same intervention time. The number of matched rats in the HLc group was 2 and 3 in the other groups. CN: control group, HR: isoniazid + rifampicin model group, LLc: HR + low dose L. casei ATCC334 group, HLc: HR + high dose L. casei ATCC334 group.	PMC9032531	nutrients-14-01668-g005.jpg
0.430523	615dbe11b04c44c8b09c1d4c0555b663	The Effects of Lactobacillus casei and anti-TB drugs on KEGG pathways. Imputed metagenomic differences between two groups based on Welch’s t-test (p < 0.05). The colorful circles represent 95% confidence intervals calculated by Welch’s inverted method. (A) week 2; (B) week 6. n = 5 in each group, CN: control group, HR: isoniazid + rifampicin model group, HLc: HR + high dose L. casei ATCC334 group.	PMC9032531	nutrients-14-01668-g006.jpg
0.428872	7531cd312f7745468366355029b84d56	Results of the reproduction test with Enchytraeus crypticus when exposed in LUFA 2.2 soil to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), over 56 days, in terms of number of adults and juveniles at day 28 (A), total number of organisms at day 56 (B), and in terms of total number of organisms at days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 56 of exposure (C). Values are expressed as average ± standard error (AV ± SE).	PMC9032579	toxics-10-00153-g001.jpg
0.449512	98903cb38f1b4ac1959bfd8cf9ea8b6f	Results of the reproduction test with Folsomia candida when exposed in LUFA 2.2 soil to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), in terms of number of adults, juveniles and size at day 28 (A,B), at day 56 (C,D), and in terms of total number of organisms at days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 56 of exposure (E). Values are expressed as average ± standard error (AV ± SE).	PMC9032579	toxics-10-00153-g002.jpg
0.534246	4ab9ec19e2014ae4a5ef0c15444bdb44	(a) Ion channels and (b) ion transporters. Reproduced with permission from [26]. Copyright Elsevier 2022.	PMC9032600	biomedicines-10-00885-g001.jpg
0.51949	25760fb39dbe498db659673ced14c971	Cancer-associated defects of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ homeostasis. Reproduced with permission from ref. [51]. Copyright Elsevier 2020.	PMC9032600	biomedicines-10-00885-g002.jpg
0.45994	dc823a5a4eb444448fd7697725f9edbe	Cystic fibrosis (CF) arises from defective anion channels on epithelial cells, due to CFTR mutations that are grouped into several classes, depending on the cellular process that results impaired. Reproduced with permission from [59]. Copyright Elsevier 2021.	PMC9032600	biomedicines-10-00885-g003.jpg
0.456035	bbd7c9afdd9f4341a015a44ecf985a83	Schematic representation of caspase-mediated apoptosis.	PMC9032600	biomedicines-10-00885-g004.jpg
0.536141	7817a15341764fc2be1d709bd32a49b5	Fluorescence imaging in vivo after intravenous injection with SQU@PCN. Reproduced from ref. [143]. Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society.	PMC9032600	biomedicines-10-00885-g005.jpg
0.411672	13842c9caa644315a279f7aa68589b93	Examples of artificial ion (a) channels and (b) transporters for membrane insertion that derive from supramolecular-chemistry design.	PMC9032600	biomedicines-10-00885-g006.jpg
0.465981	9577521b244a4ecc9ad7e8263357ef36	Chemical structures of artificial K+ channels recently developed as AM agents [122,126].	PMC9032600	biomedicines-10-00885-sch001.jpg
0.503604	a0b850f8804d4470a4b729287f388bcb	Chemical structures of T15–T18 [145].	PMC9032600	biomedicines-10-00885-sch002.jpg
0.444777	2f9033741164411a8f13396ef55c23df	Driving simulator.	PMC9033333	CIN2022-3160449.001.jpg
0.415177	fcfc4fafddef452588662394abd95abc	Dangerous traffic scene.	PMC9033333	CIN2022-3160449.002.jpg
0.507621	051163c6779f46188707f960d7eedb72	Complex dangerous scene.	PMC9033333	CIN2022-3160449.003.jpg
0.442162	d02acadcd31d48ef96b7fac933273b97	Kalman filter trajectory comparison (a) and the position deviation of each measurement point and the actual point after KF (b).	PMC9033333	CIN2022-3160449.004.jpg
0.497804	a1513154aea144f4abdd6d31f4411c5a	BRB verification confidence distribution.	PMC9033333	CIN2022-3160449.005.jpg
0.42898	669755c4b2dc4cc99f3b12153a401bbc	Average time to complete take-over tasks in each experiment of all participants.	PMC9033333	CIN2022-3160449.006.jpg
0.457173	b9ebf63e27c647fe86b760f1b0534ffc	Average minimum TTC and change range in each experiment of all participants.	PMC9033333	CIN2022-3160449.007.jpg
0.404435	5893ea6df6824eb8bbce6ba06daec616	Average distance to obstacle in each experiment of all participants.	PMC9033333	CIN2022-3160449.008.jpg
0.430859	57fa4dbaf708463891a131f1939a2b6e	Average maximum braking acceleration in each experiment of all participants.	PMC9033333	CIN2022-3160449.009.jpg
0.396718	2bd172a112fb41978087c236ae57b65f	Average minimum TTC (a) and distance to obstacle (b) in each experiment (excluding collision data) of male and female participants.	PMC9033333	CIN2022-3160449.010.jpg
0.603468	11ec5e806d044b98acbbdc8638f12586	Average speed during the task in each experiment of male and female participants.	PMC9033333	CIN2022-3160449.011.jpg
0.480159	a3bf86b3d92947a18a6135d78b2bc6a0	Time to complete take-over task (a) and maximum braking acceleration (b).	PMC9033333	CIN2022-3160449.012.jpg
0.444557	d2b02747b6e444cda721adb08f1389b5	Observed ER by subpopulation clusters	PMC9034646	42979_2022_1092_Fig10_HTML.jpg
0.445407	562098530fa74dc58854e2311e33619e	In-app chatbot	PMC9034646	42979_2022_1092_Fig11_HTML.jpg
0.395038	63a58a2414b9465eb571a5d24ec791e4	SMS chatbot	PMC9034646	42979_2022_1092_Fig12_HTML.jpg
0.456197	331effc3190b46488b6116ca957422d1	Topical keywords alluding health	PMC9034646	42979_2022_1092_Fig13_HTML.jpg
0.469766	a51e065e8496412e929d3d3c14876dc8	Topical keywords alluding to employment	PMC9034646	42979_2022_1092_Fig14_HTML.jpg
0.457187	75f280cc77dd442589bcc8dddf49d4e9	Topical keywords alluding to transportation	PMC9034646	42979_2022_1092_Fig15_HTML.jpg
0.4431	b6ee527f99114e648a13478d5668e680	Topical keywords alluding to housing	PMC9034646	42979_2022_1092_Fig16_HTML.jpg
0.440452	6796338e023e4340ae15147995d1b61d	Topical keywords alluding to food security	PMC9034646	42979_2022_1092_Fig17_HTML.jpg
0.507364	33747f452e964ce99995a4d4a2dd0e5f	Individual social needs distribution	PMC9034646	42979_2022_1092_Fig18_HTML.jpg
0.461104	f7ee89799910435e8d4ec3af7beb6a77	Individual social needs distribution	PMC9034646	42979_2022_1092_Fig19_HTML.jpg
0.403735	61ff8bb0ba414e26b6e0efc37db76b3f	Push notification	PMC9034646	42979_2022_1092_Fig1_HTML.jpg
0.371963	3e200cd1212e41e6a700c9639940e28d	Cross modalities recall rate	PMC9034646	42979_2022_1092_Fig20_HTML.jpg
0.401707	01130712e57a469d9eda795a5263e06d	Cross modalities precision rate	PMC9034646	42979_2022_1092_Fig21_HTML.jpg
0.375352	8cda8136648e4106afe3215950ba4428	SMS reminder	PMC9034646	42979_2022_1092_Fig2_HTML.jpg

0.515041

8d5808f4e3624a01bccb108da8e7ea8a

Reference images for the main graphite forms in cast iron. Source: [12]. Dimensions of graphite particle forms I to VI.

PMC9029122

materials-15-02884-g002.jpg

0.487363

b1d39397fab243f88c36ceb3cf16554f

One of several rejected images. Comparing it with Figure 1, we can see that it would be very difficult to isolate the black structures. Source: [11].

PMC9029122

materials-15-02884-g003.jpg

0.428556

c6d717892bb6404290ab062af1dca939

Detecting the shape shown in the reference image in the query image. In the lower right corner, the detected shapes are marked in red. The yellow cross shows the most relevant point. The reference image in this case is a black circle.

PMC9029122

materials-15-02884-g004.jpg

0.413472

482f11294a5c4afbb09b0e4a18d51336

Edge detection with Canny filter.

PMC9029122

materials-15-02884-g005.jpg

0.401236

9b88245db01e40eb9c0e5fef24d9804d

Canny Filter Operation. Each detected structure is marked with a different color.

PMC9029122

materials-15-02884-g006.jpg

0.421271

48cf43da1e5e48d0ae06732d7e712cb6

Two sample photos of microstructures. Their textures and shapes in this location are radically different. It’s important for used artificial intelligence methods.

PMC9029122

materials-15-02884-g007.jpg

0.454017

fd14e575a93843c4ba04e38106e2faf5

Visualization of the decision tree.

PMC9029122

materials-15-02884-g008.jpg

0.501403

908dbd1b32014e6a8c75b20185ed624b

Presents a visualization of a tree constructed with the CART algorithm using hyperparameter optimization.

PMC9029122

materials-15-02884-g009.jpg

0.484187

3dee2bbba170429b867384706e3ac8b5

Average times of returning the results for individual models. Calculation times for unbalanced data.

PMC9029122

materials-15-02884-g010.jpg

0.492609

5f2610f8d13a4ad9a567cb61bec64446

Sulfide generation and oxidation pathways. In the cytoplasm, cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) and cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) facilitate H2S release from L-Cysteine and homocysteine. Cysteine-aminotransferase uses L-cysteine to form 3-mercapto-pyruvate, which is then used by 3-mercaptopyruvate-sulfurtransferase (MST) for mitochondrial H2S release. Sulfide quinone oxidoreductase (SQR) oxidizes H2S to persulfides in the mitochondria, and persulfides are further oxidized, which ultimately results in the formation of thiosulfate and sulfate. MST and rhodanese can re-generate H2S from thiosulfate, a process which can also happen non-enzymatically. Figure created in BioRender. Adapted from “Electron transport chain”, by BioRender.com (2022). Retrieved from https://app.biorender.com/biorender-templates (accessed on 15 March 2022).

PMC9029606

biomolecules-12-00543-g001.jpg

0.498492

23fac66e1c1e4c5cb64bb8d5cf6002db

Effects of Na2S2O3 on mitochondrial respiration (oxidative phosphorylation as assessed by routine O2 consumption JO2) in cultured cortical neurons from fetal rat brains. Primary neuron cultures from the fronto-temporal cortex were prepared from fetal rat brains (embryonic day 18) and seeded on poly-L-lysine-coated culture flasks. The cells were grown in neurobasal medium, and complemented with B27 supplement, L-glutamine, and penicillin/streptomycin. At day 22–24 of culturing, cells were incubated with PBS (control) or 4, 20, or 100 mM Na2S2O3 for 4 h and harvested in respiration medium (MIR05: 0.5 mM EGTA, 3 mM MgCl2, 60 mM Lactobionic acid, 20 mM Taurine, 10 mM KH2PO4, 20 mM HEPES, 110 mM sucrose, 1 g/L bovine serum albumin). Mitochondrial oxygen consumption was determined after the addition of 10 mM pyruvate, 10 mM glutamate, 5 mM malate, 5 mM ADP, 10 µM cytochrome c, 10mM succinate, and uncoupling with 1.5 mM Carbonyl cyanide-4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP). N = 6 measurements in each group. Data are median (IQR), # p < 0.01 and § p < 0.0001 vs. control. A low Na2S2O3 concentration (4 mM) increased, while a high concentration (100 mM) inhibited mitochondrial respiratory activity. Intermediate concentrations (20 mM) had variable effects.

PMC9029606

biomolecules-12-00543-g002.jpg

0.488207

f30d7329109b49928bb93c40382d8508

Biochemical effects of sodium thiosulfate. Na2S2O3 can reduce oxidized glutathione [34], mediate vaso-dilation [35], work as a calcium chelator [36], and work as an antidote for cyanide [37]. Figure taken from [38]. Copyright 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Reprinted with permission.

PMC9029606

biomolecules-12-00543-g003.jpg

0.41406

f9a8da8f10e04814b121e342d4ac9c7a

Preliminary results of the NU-HOPE observational trial. (A): Placental expression of the H2S-producting enzyme cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) and oxytocin receptor (OTR) directly correlate. (B): The childhood trauma questionnaire score (CTQ) directly correlates with placental expression of the H2S-producing enzyme cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE).

PMC9029606

biomolecules-12-00543-g004.jpg

0.421481

c4f94bd8456949e9a80b848539251999

Sample locations (red triangle) of Frankliniella occidentalis populations collected in (a) 2009–2013, (b) 2014–2018 and (c) 2020–2021. The larger red triangle represents multiple populations collected from Beijing.

PMC9029678

insects-13-00331-g001.jpg

0.437619

4ace58a808ec4ca0a45620173b2487f4

Genotype frequencies of G275E mutation in Frankliniella occidentalis populations during (a) 2009–2013, (b) 2014–2018 and (c) 2020–2021. RR, resistant homozygote genotype; RS, heterozygote genotype; SS, sensitive homozygote genotype. The “*” represents deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (p < 0.05); NA represents a population consisting only of homozygous genotypes.

PMC9029678

insects-13-00331-g002.jpg

0.472315

8d77e20923284573baa37b5098682316

Plot of G275E-resistant allele frequencies in three collecting periods. The horizontal black solid line represents the median for each period; the red dot represents the mean. Red error bars indicate the standard error.

PMC9029678

insects-13-00331-g003.jpg

0.450738

2a342f6f531846cd9a258ee1463eccb2

Regression between (ln) LC50 and the frequencies of (a) the resistant allele, (b) RR resistant genotype and (c) the sum of homozygous and heterozygote genotypes with the resistant G275E mutation across all populations tested. We have also provided the regressions when the BJDJ2020 and BJHD2021 populations are excluded (d–f).

PMC9029678

insects-13-00331-g004.jpg

0.444906

8260ea5190a745ee9f09ca95cc34c3c5

Physicochemical characterization of different Cr2O3 particles. Size distribution was measured in ultrapure water at a concentration of 10 µg/cm². 1A–1C: representative transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the particles. 2A–2C: average diameters of particle A (42 nm), B (78 nm) and C (146 nm). 3A–3C: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra of the particles. The red signal at 579.6 eV only present in Figure 1(3A) is characteristic for Cr(VI), while the blue multiplet signal between 575.3 and 578.6 eV is characteristic for Cr(III).

PMC9029936

nanomaterials-12-01294-g001a.jpg

0.546928

5355d9398e9043329cfd1a03e7533c73

ATP content of A549 (A) and HaCaT (B) cells after 24 h treatment with Cr(III) oxide particles Cr2O3, CrCl3, or K2Cr2O7. Treatments below 66 µM (corresponding to 1 μg/cm2 chromium) are shown in (A.1) and (B.1). Treatments covering the entire dose range investigated are depicted in (A.2) and (B.2). Mean values ± standard deviations derived from three independent experiments are shown. Statistics were performed using ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s T post hoc test: ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001.

PMC9029936

nanomaterials-12-01294-g002.jpg

0.384867

5e7eddc3050f41c484e26af5757880fb

Release of chromium from Cr2O3 particles in different media. Cr2O3 particles measuring 1.0 mg/mL were either incubated in ultrapure water (pH 7.0) or artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF) (pH 4.5) for 0 h, 24 h, 48 h, or 120 h. The remaining particles were removed from the supernatant by centrifugation as described in Materials and Methods. Total chromium release was quantified by atomic absorption chromatography (AAS) (A) or Cr(VI) release by a colorimetric DPC assay (B) by applying the chromogenic dye 1,5-diphenylcarbazone. Mean values of 3 independent determinations ± SD are shown.

PMC9029936

nanomaterials-12-01294-g003.jpg

0.488133

3cb6202fc2904bb883816e581bbf5d31

Overview of the impact of K2Cr2O7, CrCl3, or three different Cr(III) oxide particles on human lung epithelial cells (A549) using a high-throughput RT-qPCR approach with a custom-designed gene set. The genes under investigation have been clustered into groups associated with metal homeostasis, oxidative stress response, inflammation, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation as well as DNA damage response and repair. A549 cells were treated with the respective chromium compound for 24 h. Displayed are the log2 fold changes of relative gene expression as a heatmap. Red colors indicate an enhanced expression, and blue colors indicate a down-regulation. The mean values of at least three independently conducted experiments are shown.

PMC9029936

nanomaterials-12-01294-g004.jpg

0.453646

e819b79d2aa245b5ad52b38a428d6f9e

Overview of the impact of K2Cr2O7, CrCl3, or three different Cr(III) oxide particles on human keratinocytes (HaCaT) using a high-throughput RT-qPCR approach with a custom-designed gene set. The genes under investigation have been clustered into groups associated with metal homeostasis, oxidative stress response, inflammation, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation as well as DNA damage response and repair. HaCaT cells were treated with the respective chromium compound for 24 h. Displayed are the log2 fold changes of relative gene expression as a heatmap. Red colors indicate an enhanced expression, and blue colors indicate a down-regulation. The mean values of three independently conducted experiments are shown.

PMC9029936

nanomaterials-12-01294-g005.jpg

0.415247

6db8f44573f54239b92cac6d6a4ba6dd

Structural properties of 40-nm-thick YIG films grown on GGG substrates with thin metal layers. (a) X-ray diffraction patterns recorded on samples with 5–7 nm metal underlayers. Note that the (222) peaks of the GGG substrate are so-called basis-forbidden reflections due to multiple diffraction [43]. Insets denoted as HR-XRD show high-resolution scans utilizing a four-crystal monochromator. The inset showing the Ir (111) reflection comes from a separate scan with a long statistical exposure. (b) SEM surface images. Insets show height-height correlation function (HHCF) as a function of lateral distance r calculated on the basis of SEM contrast changes to evaluate the defect correlation length ξ. (c) AFM topography maps.

PMC9030244

materials-15-02814-g001.jpg

0.482063

95aab16041c943e394431827134089a9

Broadband ferromagnetic resonance results for 40-nm-thick YIG films deposited on different metal underlayers with a nominal thickness dm. (a) Effective magnetization Meff normalized to Meffref of a reference YIG film. (b) Gilbert damping parameter α. (c) Inhomogeneous linewidth broadening μ0ΔH0. The inset shows calculated values of the effective damping parameter with Equation (3) for a 1-nm-thick metal layer. The color legend depicted in (a) also applies to (b,c). Values marked as reference YIG (shaded section) derive from measurements of the epitaxial film taken at the positions outside the metal wedge. (d–f) VNA spectroscopy results measured with lithographically patterned antennas for YIG (40 nm)/Au (3.0 nm)/GGG (111). (d) Color-coded reflection parameter S22 showing the FMR absorption. (e) Color-coded transmission parameter S12 for the magnetic field aligned parallel to the antennas (ϕH= 90°). (f) Color-coded angular dependence of S12 spectrum. Inset depicts in-plane magnetic field orientation with respect to the antenna geometry (ϕH= 0° for the magnetic field aligned perpendicular to the antenna edge). In figures (d–f), the real part of the scattering parameter Spq is plotted. (g,h) SNS-MOKE microscopy maps and line profiles recorded at μ0H= 20 mT for YIG (40 nm)/Au (3.0 nm)/GGG (111).

PMC9030244

materials-15-02814-g002.jpg

0.444188

946ad69c0e004abe850d0ce40a019608

(a) Second derivative of the dispersion relation ω″(k) for the surface and backward volume, and the forward volume SWs. In (b, c), the ratio of the decay length Ld to the wavelength λ is shown for SSW and FVSW, respectively, for different values of the SW packet spatial width σx. In figures (a–c), the dependencies are calculated for typical parameters of a 50-nm-thick epitaxial YIG film with saturation magnetization Ms= 140 kA/m, exchange stiffness Dex= 5.3·10−17 T∙m2, and effective damping αeff= 1·10−4. (d) Reflection coefficient as a function of the effective damping parameter αeff in the damping unit. The inset illustrates the simulation geometry. In (e,f), the time evolution of SW packet is shown for a damping unit with αeff= 0 and αeff= 0.02, respectively. The insets show time dependences of the SW amplitude taken at x= 5 μm (marked with grey dashed lines). Figures (e,f) are also visualized in supplementary Videos S1 and S2.

PMC9030244

materials-15-02814-g003.jpg

0.429592

57a0403e3fdb4d529365a66e795294fd

The length of the latent period in the development of bacteriophages assessed by one-step growth experiments. (A) Enterococcus phage GVEsP-1. (B) Enterococcus phage SSsP-1. The shaded areas delineate standard deviation in three biological replicates.

PMC9030284

viruses-14-00831-g001.jpg

0.482808

e12a668f5e384390959fc5052464a20e

Morphology of the bacteriophages as revealed by transmission electron microscopy. (A) Enterococcus phage GVEsP-1. (B) Enterococcus phage SSsP-1. Scale bars = 100 nm.

PMC9030284

viruses-14-00831-g002.jpg

0.483623

6a5d78b032be434ca9234abd0e8d5d27

Genome organization of the bacteriophages. (A) Enterococcus phage GVEsP-1. (B) Enterococcus phage SSsP-1.

PMC9030284

viruses-14-00831-g003.jpg

0.44502

3e1caadd14fa44368e1a8e2073eab138

Evolutionary relationships of studied bacteriophages within Schiekvirus and Saphexavirus visualized by NeighborNet phylogenetic networks. (A) The position of GVEsP-1 within Schiekvirus. (B) The position of SSsP-1 within Saphexavirus. The viruses described in the present work are highlighted in purple.

PMC9030284

viruses-14-00831-g004.jpg

0.364529

9f36cf858d2c4728acc60753312f1e9f

Protein-coding gene synteny in Schiekvirus (A) and Saphexavirus (B). The black axes correspond to the whole-genome sequences, whereas the colored connections indicate homologous coding sequences, determined by BLAST searches. All CDSs in the dataset were divided into quartiles according to their GC content. Color scale from purple to green indicates homology between the sequences within the same quartiles. The connections between CDSs from different quartiles are colored orange.

PMC9030284

viruses-14-00831-g005.jpg

0.451195

1020ee3ce0644b7887095d2c1d59b0bf

Survival curves in the animal infection model experiment. (A) Mice infected with E. faecalis strain CCUG 52538 and treated with the phage GVEsP-1. (B) Mice infected with E. faecalis strain Serg and treated with the phage SSsP-1.

PMC9030284

viruses-14-00831-g006.jpg

0.487573

c14740ded44e4b25a892fa60b0e98632

Subject standing on platform with cell phone and reflective marker at L5 and FSs at base of calcaneus and head of second metatarsal. Subject starting gait with right leg by 2-m walkway.

PMC9030467

sensors-22-02935-g001.jpg

0.43198

9b370a94d4bb414fb5f5513c3d5541b4

Vertical acceleration signals registered by Momentum app (black line) and by kinematics (blue line) during vertical jump. Dotted line represents peak acceleration on this axis, corresponding to impact with ground, which is used for synchronization. Acc: Acceleration.

PMC9030467

sensors-22-02935-g002.jpg

0.581113

f6c8a35fa71d44ad954971e0dea0125b

Mediolateral (ML) acceleration curve extracted from the kinematic signal of one subject. The variables included in the method are expressed by numbers and blue circles in the graph (meaning of each variable are explained in method session). The dashed line represents moment when heel leaves ground.

PMC9030467

sensors-22-02935-g003.jpg

0.496818

e7a9d26c6d9f41f6a9c4dfa1348f80ce

COM accelerations of each subject and resultant from first session. Data from kinematics and Momentum app are represented. Thick line represents average resulting from 20 subjects. Dashed line represents heel-off moment. (ML: Mediolateral).

PMC9030467

sensors-22-02935-g004.jpg

0.433321

59b59293985043918afc2c9c74762a82

Analysis of mean and SD of subjects in first and second sessions, with both instruments: Kinematics and Momentum app. Top part of graph presents the anticipatory variables, and those below are step variables after heel-off. (A): APAonset; (B): PEAKtime; (C): APAamp; (D): STEPpeak1; (E): STEPpeak2, and (F): STEPinterval.

PMC9030467

sensors-22-02935-g005.jpg

0.453391

c90c97179eb546b588f6bb5523aa428a

Linear correlation graphs and Bland–Altman correlation graphs showing high correlation between assessment instruments. r ≥ 0.7 represents very high correlation, and asterisk (*) represents values that present statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05). Anticipatory variables are shown to left of graph, and step variables, after heel-off, to right. (A): APAonset; (B): PEAKtime; (C): APAamp; (D): STEPpeak1; (E): STEPpeak2, and (F): STEPinterval.

PMC9030467

sensors-22-02935-g006.jpg

0.402496

deafb3238321484487e79a0dba26fe41

(A) Surface staining of tumor-elicited high-density neutrophils for Clec4e, Dectin-1 and NKG2D. (B) RT-PCR of indicted genes. Neut. = Neutrophils; BM = Bone marrow. (C) WB of supernatants from AT3 overexpressing tet-inducible form of Flag-tagged soluble sClec4e, sDectin and sNKG2D in the absence (Control) or presence of 1 μg/mL doxycycline (Dox.). bg = background band. (D) The sensitivity of AT3 overexpressing tet-inducible form of soluble sClec4e-Flag, sDectin-Flag and sNKG2D-Flag to neutrophil cytotoxicity. (E) WB of supernatant from AT3 overexpressing tet-inducible form of soluble sClec4e-Fc, sDectin-1-Fc and sNKG2D-Fc in the absence (Control) or presence of 1 μg/mL doxycycline (Dox.). (F) The sensitivity of AT3 overexpressing tet-inducible form of soluble sClec4e-Fc, sDectin-Fc and sNKG2D-Fc to neutrophil cytotoxicity. ** p < 0.001.

PMC9030733

biomedicines-10-00908-g001.jpg

0.420815

b4f1bea5041b4e3d9c0a48f42710d2f1

(A) Inhibition of neutrophil cytotoxicity using blocking antibodies to Clec4e. (B) Inhibition of neutrophil cytotoxicity using blocking antibodies to Dectin-1. (C) Blocking antibodies to NKG2D did not perturb neutrophil cytotoxicity. (D) The concomitant presence of both anti-Clec4e (1 μg/mL) and anti-RAGE (1 μg/mL) did not cause a stronger inhibition of neutrophil cytotoxicity towards AT3 cells than either antibody alone. (E–G) Immunoprecipitation of C-type lectin receptor Fc fusion proteins in the presence of sNKG2D-Flag (E) sClec4e-Flag (F) or sDectin-1-Flag (G) Pre-IP = Cell extract samples prior to immunoprecipitation. IP = Immunoprecipitated samples. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001.

PMC9030733

biomedicines-10-00908-g002.jpg

0.450549

45f22415feb34f1c90c85187edd04d12

(A) Cytotoxicity of neutrophils pretreated in vitro 30 min with 10 μM SYK inhibitor R406 towards 4T1 and AT3 cells. (A–C) Local tumor growth of 4T1 (B) or AT3 (C) in mice that have been given control or R788-containing diet. (D,E). Cytotoxicity of neutrophils isolated from 4T1 (D) or AT3 (E)-tumor bearing mice that have been given control or R788-containing diet. (F) Lungs from 4T1-bearing mice that have been given control or R788-containing diet for 23, 30 and 35 days. (G,H) Spleen from 4T1-bearing mice that have been given control or R788-containing diet for 23, 30 and 35 days. (I) Percentage neutrophils in blood samples from 4T1-bearing mice that have been given control or R788-containing diet for 23, 30 and 35 days. (J) The neutrophil count in 1 mL blood samples from 4T1-bearing mice that have been given control or R788-containing diet for 23, 30 and 35 days. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001.

PMC9030733

biomedicines-10-00908-g003.jpg

0.426777

0daf46932ff747aab1e6a9eb695f2d56

(A) Binding of sDectin-Fc to the cell surface of AT3 cells. AT3 cells were incubated with supernatant containing sClec4e-Fc, sDectin-1-Fc or sNKG2D-Fc, followed by incubation with APC-anti-Fc antibodies (red histograms). Black histograms represent 2nd antibody alone. (B) Kaplan-Meier Plot of survival of Her-2 positive breast cancer patients with low (black) or high (red) expression of Nidogen-1. (C) Kaplan-Meier Plot of survival of Her-2 positive breast cancer patients with low (black) or high (red) expression of Hspg2. (D) RT-PCR analysis of Nidogen-1 and Hspg2 expression in various tumor cell lines and in neutrophils (Neut.). (E) Co-immunoprecipitation of endogenous Nidogen-1 and endogenous Hspg2 in AT3 cells overexpressing tet-inducible Fc fusion proteins as indicated. Induction of Fc fusion proteins was done by adding 1 μg/mL doxycycline (Dox.) to the culture. Pre-IP = Cell extract samples prior to immunoprecipitation. IP = Immunoprecipitated samples. (F) Immunoprecipitation of Nidogen-1-Flag using the indicated Fc fusion proteins as baits. The proteins were overexpressed in AT3 cells. (G) Immunoprecipitation study of Nidogen-1-Flag using Galectin-3-Fc fusion protein as a bait. The proteins were overexpressed in AT3 cells. Pre-IP = Cell extract samples prior to immunoprecipitation. IP = Immunoprecipitated samples.

PMC9030733

biomedicines-10-00908-g004.jpg

0.543419

aa0d882a1e344d42b7f255e06c226a51

(A) Western blot analysis of Nidogen-Fc expression in supernatants of AT3 cells used for cell binding studies in (B). (B) Nidogen-1-Fc binding to tumor cells. The cells were incubated with supernatant containing Nidogen-1-Fc followed by incubation with APC-anti-Fc antibodies (red histograms). Black histograms represent cells incubated with control supernatant and APC-anti-Fc antibodies. (C) Staining of tumor cells with anti-Nidogen-1 antibodies followed by 2nd FITC-anti-rat antibodies (red histograms). Black histograms represent cells incubated with 2nd antibody only. (D) Western blot analysis of Nidogen link region (aa 270–356) fused to Fc and Nidogen G2 region (aa 357–665) fused to Fc. (E) Binding of Nidogen-G2 region-Fc fusion protein to AT3 cells. AT3 cells were incubated with supernatant containing either the Nidogen link region (aa 270–356) fused to Fc or Nidogen G2 region (aa 357–665) fused to Fc followed by incubation with APC-anti-Fc antibodies (red histograms). Black histograms represent cells incubated with control supernatant and APC-anti-Fc antibodies. (F) Staining of AT3 cells with anti-Hspg2 antibodies followed by 2nd FITC-anti-rat antibodies (red histograms). Black histograms represent cells incubated with 2nd antibody only. (G) Co-immunoprecipitation of endogenous Hspg2 in AT3 cells overexpressing tet-inducible Nidogen-1-Fc fusion protein. Induction of the Fc fusion protein was done by adding 1 μg/mL doxycycline (Dox.) to the culture. Pre-IP = Cell extract samples prior to immunoprecipitation. IP = Immunoprecipitated samples. (H) Co-immunoprecipitation of endogenous Nidogen-1 and endogenous Hspg2 in LLC cells overexpressing tet-inducible sRAGE-Fc fusion protein. Induction of Fc fusion proteins was done by adding 1 μg/mL doxycycline (Dox.) to the culture. Pre-IP = Cell extract samples prior to immunoprecipitation. IP = Immunoprecipitated samples.

PMC9030733

biomedicines-10-00908-g005.jpg

0.475744

8e1f5559b3f6413e8944e6e065fe0f07

(A,B) Relative mRNA levels of Nidogen-1 in AT3 and LLC cells following transduction of two different shRNAs targeting Nidogen-1 (A), and the resulting susceptibility of these cells to neutrophil cytotoxicity (B). (C,D) Relative mRNA levels of Hspg2 in AT3 and LLC cells following transduction of two different shRNAs targeting Hspg2 (C), and the resulting susceptibility of these cells to neutrophil cytotoxicity (D). * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.001.

PMC9030733

biomedicines-10-00908-g006.jpg

0.463371

8387c384bc664ff5b9eed3a8211dd6b3

A proposed model of the neutrophil-tumor cell synapse. CLR – C-type Lectin Receptor; NID1 – Nidogen-1.

PMC9030733

biomedicines-10-00908-g007.jpg

0.402373

09c3356b9dc24e4886ccc8eeb6d8db86

Representation of the NGS-based NIPGT-A workflow including four main steps. Step 1: IVF procedure and sample collection; Step 2: Whole genome amplification; Step 3: Next generation sequencing; Step 4: Bioinformatics analysis. (OCS: “optimized criteria system”, WGA: whole genome amplification, MALBAC: multiple annealing and looping-based amplification).

PMC9031636

ijms-23-04327-g001.jpg

0.485219

26c923a2e1c1486fb24f3143dc2c9154

Flower catheter structure and myocardial and blood tissue model. Blood thickness H1 = 50 mm, myocardial thickness H2 = 10 mm, pulmonary vein diameter D1 = 25 mm. The electrode spacing was 2.5 mm, the electrode length was 2.5 mm, and the electrode diameter was 2.33 mm. The gray area in the model is the electrode, the light blue area is the catheter, the lavender area is the myocardium, and the light pink area is the blood. The red numbers of “1–5” in the top view are the serial numbers of the catheter spline, whereas D2 and D3 are the auxiliary lines. “i–iv” represent the serial numbers of the four electrodes on spline 1, and the other splines are also numbered “i–iv” in the same order.

PMC9031694

jcdd-09-00095-g001.jpg

0.399748

9d945b9ed9be4b4db45d4c392d4bf0da

Biphasic pulse sequence.

PMC9031694

jcdd-09-00095-g002.jpg

0.407306

71bb8742ce9c47d99b68a81ec7294f94

The boundary conditions of the model and the four discharge modes of the flower catheter.

PMC9031694

jcdd-09-00095-g003.jpg

0.427806

5141f3543dcb4c6f9952728dac4eed61

The electric field distribution and effective lesion area of modes (A,B) (without rotation). (A1,B1) is the electric field intensity distribution, and (A2,B2) and (A3,B3) are sectional views of the effective lesion area (magenta) on the myocardial surface and 3 mm below the myocardial surface, respectively.

PMC9031694

jcdd-09-00095-g004.jpg

0.420919

d6a81a2258fe4ceba6821fefbd595038

The electric field distribution and effective lesion area of modes (C,D) (without rotation). (C1,D1) is the electric field intensity distribution, and (C2,D2) and (C3,D3) are sectional views of the effective lesion area (magenta) on the myocardial surface and 3 mm below the myocardial surface, respectively.

PMC9031694

jcdd-09-00095-g005.jpg

0.397197

9ce386e66c924bb58f793429fc27ae35

The effective lesion area after rotation. (A–D) represent the discharge modes A–D, respectively. (a) and (c) are the effective lesion areas caused by a single ablation, (a) and (b) are on the surface of the myocardium, and (c) and (d) are 3 mm below the myocardium. (b) and (d) are the total effective lesion areas caused by the corresponding two rotations. Magenta represents the effective lesion area before rotation, and orange and dark red represent the effective lesion area after rotations of 24° and 48°, respectively.

PMC9031694

jcdd-09-00095-g006.jpg

0.459552

6fc4bab3aa4b47e59154c1bc8b069c7a

Horizontal distribution of the electric field vector of modes (A,B). (A2,B2) are sectional views of the effective lesion area (magenta) on the myocardial surface. The black arrow represents the electric field vector. Blue arrows represent electric field cancellation, and yellow arrows represent electric field superposition. Magenta represents the effective lesion area.

PMC9031694

jcdd-09-00095-g007.jpg

0.4198

a441394c1af2465a9fa3b67137849583

The spatial distribution of the electric field vector of the modes (A,B). The black arrow represents the electric field vector. Blue arrows represent electric field cancellation, and yellow arrows represent electric field superposition. Magenta represents the effective lesion area.

PMC9031694

jcdd-09-00095-g008.jpg

0.401664

c4d80662220447cf8b8483b57e8e6f3a

The evolution process of electrode arrangement and effective lesion area of mode C. (a) Spline 1 is connected to the positive terminal and spline 2 is grounded; (b) spline 1 is connected to the positive terminal, and spline 5 is grounded; (c) spline 1 is connected to the positive terminal, and splines 2 and 5 are grounded at the same time. The black arrow is the electric field vector. Blue arrows represent electric field cancellation and yellow arrows represent electric field superposition. Magenta represents the effective lesion area.

PMC9031694

jcdd-09-00095-g009.jpg

0.482378

c6a135a9c4d04ae7839bb5a6982b3c9b

Differences between groups at MMSE total score. (* significant different, p < 0.001). AD = Alzheimer’s Disease; MCI = mild cognitive impairment; FMD = functional memory disorders; CTRL = controls.

PMC9032514

geriatrics-07-00049-g001.jpg

0.529818

84985f5a9df04545ac6c1aecf6f73e92

Differences between groups at T5P total score. (* significant different, p < 0.001). AD = Alzheimer’s Disease; MCI = mild cognitive impairment; FMD = functional memory disorders; CTRL = controls.

PMC9032514

geriatrics-07-00049-g002.jpg

0.494796

b6e2f3c041c74d86a3cf03f75d187609

ROC Curve—T5P total score ≤ 9 discriminates between PAT group and HC group. MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination, CDT: clock drawing test, T5P= Test delle 5 Parole.

PMC9032514

geriatrics-07-00049-g003.jpg

0.468661

94c2161d22114520bfa0d0cd7db263a9

ROC Curve—T5P total score ≤ 9 discriminates between the MCI and FMD groups. MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination, CDT: clock drawing test, T5P = Test delle 5 Parole.

PMC9032514

geriatrics-07-00049-g004.jpg

0.457685

afc395503919424898f8c5e0e9e9dba1

Pathological evaluation and the number of goblet cells of colon tissues of anti-TB drugs and Lactobacillus casei for 42 days. (A) Pathological conditions were observed under 200-fold field; 1 indicated irregular crypts, 2 indicated columnar cell, 3 indicated goblet cell, Scale bars, 50 μm. (B) Columnar cells; (C) Goblet cells; (D) The proportion of goblet cells to columnar cells. Values are mean ± SD, n = 5 per group. CN: control group, HR: Isoniazid + rifampicin model group, LLc: HR + low dose L. casei ATCC334 group, HLc: HR + high dose L. casei ATCC334 group. ** indicates p < 0.01, *** indicates p < 0.001.

PMC9032531

nutrients-14-01668-g001.jpg

0.432788

7234b26d99f744419db119c9464b4900

The Effects of anti-TB drugs and Lactobacillus casei on colonic immunity and inflammation-related factors. (A) LPS in serum, n = 10 per group. (B) β-defensin-2 in serum, except the CN group n = 8, the other groups n = 10. (C) Colonic mucus MUC-2 in colon, except the LLc group n = 8, the other groups n = 10. Immune and inflammatory factors in the colon:(D) sIgA, (E) IL-6, (F) IL-10, (G) IL-12 p70, (H) TNF-α. n = 10 per group. Values are mean ± SD. LPS: lipopolysaccharide, MUC-2: Member of the mucin family, sIgA: secretory IgA, IL-6: interleukin-6, IL-10: interleukin-10, IL-12p70: interleukin-12 p70. CN: control group, HR: isoniazid + rifampicin model group, LLc: HR + low dose L. casei ATCC334 group, HLc: HR + high dose L. casei ATCC334 group. * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01.

PMC9032531

nutrients-14-01668-g002.jpg

0.446388

420e0d919f8049a6b7e3b36afaaee250

Lactobacillus casei improve the reduction of alpha and beta diversity induced by anti-TB drugs. Alpha diversity:(A) OUT numbers (B) Chao1 index (C) Shannon index at two-week and six-week. PCA based on unweighted UniFrac distance to compare the similarity of species types between groups: (D) PCoA based on unweighted uniFrac distance on OTU level, week 2; (E) PCoA based on unweighted uniFrac distance on OTU level, week 6. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance in weighted UniFrac similarity coefficient (PERMANOVA) was also performed (D,E). n = 5 in each group, values are presented as the mean ± SD, * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01. CN: control group, HR: isoniazid + rifampicin model group, LLc: HR + low dose L. casei group, HLc: HR + high dose L. casei group.

PMC9032531

nutrients-14-01668-g003.jpg

0.444775

bf57e825225c4eb498910f319fd8c6b2

Lactobacillus casei and anti-TB drugs change the community structure of gut microbes. (A) Relative abundance of microbial taxa determined by 16S rRNA analysis of fecal bacteria at genus level, week 2 and week 6. Percentages of bacteria with greater abundance in the gut microbial communities at the genus level: (B) Lactobacillus; (C) Bacteroides; (D) Akkermansia; (E) Blautia; (F) Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group; (G) Ruminococcaceae_UCG-013. n = 5 in each group, values are presented as mean ± SD, * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01. CN: control group, HR: isoniazid + rifampicin model group, LLc: HR + low dose L. casei ATCC334 group, HLc: HR + high dose L. casei ATCC334 group.

PMC9032531

nutrients-14-01668-g004.jpg

0.453152

c90a2b352cb647e7825a4ec344876ec1

The Effects of Lactobacillus casei and Anti-TB drugs on fecal short-chain fatty acids at week 6. (A)The effect of anti-TB drugs on short-chain fatty acids in rat feces. The effect of probiotics intervention on short-chain fatty acids in feces of rats with anti-TB drugs: (B) Low-dose L. casei ATCC334, (C) High-dose L. casei ATCC334. (D) Spearman correlation analysis of short-chain fatty acids and intestinal microbes at the genus level. The top 20 genera in relative abundance were included in the analysis, the correlation coefficient threshold is set to 0.1, p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01, *** indicates p < 0.001. n = 9 in each group in Short-chain fatty acid analysis. The principle of joint analysis of intestinal microbes and short-chain fatty acid content is to match the same rat and the same intervention time. The number of matched rats in the HLc group was 2 and 3 in the other groups. CN: control group, HR: isoniazid + rifampicin model group, LLc: HR + low dose L. casei ATCC334 group, HLc: HR + high dose L. casei ATCC334 group.

PMC9032531

nutrients-14-01668-g005.jpg

0.430523

615dbe11b04c44c8b09c1d4c0555b663

The Effects of Lactobacillus casei and anti-TB drugs on KEGG pathways. Imputed metagenomic differences between two groups based on Welch’s t-test (p < 0.05). The colorful circles represent 95% confidence intervals calculated by Welch’s inverted method. (A) week 2; (B) week 6. n = 5 in each group, CN: control group, HR: isoniazid + rifampicin model group, HLc: HR + high dose L. casei ATCC334 group.

PMC9032531

nutrients-14-01668-g006.jpg

0.428872

7531cd312f7745468366355029b84d56

Results of the reproduction test with Enchytraeus crypticus when exposed in LUFA 2.2 soil to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), over 56 days, in terms of number of adults and juveniles at day 28 (A), total number of organisms at day 56 (B), and in terms of total number of organisms at days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 56 of exposure (C). Values are expressed as average ± standard error (AV ± SE).

PMC9032579

toxics-10-00153-g001.jpg

0.449512

98903cb38f1b4ac1959bfd8cf9ea8b6f

Results of the reproduction test with Folsomia candida when exposed in LUFA 2.2 soil to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), in terms of number of adults, juveniles and size at day 28 (A,B), at day 56 (C,D), and in terms of total number of organisms at days 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 56 of exposure (E). Values are expressed as average ± standard error (AV ± SE).

PMC9032579

toxics-10-00153-g002.jpg

0.534246

4ab9ec19e2014ae4a5ef0c15444bdb44

(a) Ion channels and (b) ion transporters. Reproduced with permission from [26]. Copyright Elsevier 2022.

PMC9032600

biomedicines-10-00885-g001.jpg

0.51949

25760fb39dbe498db659673ced14c971

Cancer-associated defects of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ homeostasis. Reproduced with permission from ref. [51]. Copyright Elsevier 2020.

PMC9032600

biomedicines-10-00885-g002.jpg

0.45994

dc823a5a4eb444448fd7697725f9edbe

Cystic fibrosis (CF) arises from defective anion channels on epithelial cells, due to CFTR mutations that are grouped into several classes, depending on the cellular process that results impaired. Reproduced with permission from [59]. Copyright Elsevier 2021.

PMC9032600

biomedicines-10-00885-g003.jpg

0.456035

bbd7c9afdd9f4341a015a44ecf985a83

Schematic representation of caspase-mediated apoptosis.

PMC9032600

biomedicines-10-00885-g004.jpg

0.536141

7817a15341764fc2be1d709bd32a49b5

PMC9032600

biomedicines-10-00885-g005.jpg

0.411672

13842c9caa644315a279f7aa68589b93

Examples of artificial ion (a) channels and (b) transporters for membrane insertion that derive from supramolecular-chemistry design.

PMC9032600

biomedicines-10-00885-g006.jpg

0.465981

9577521b244a4ecc9ad7e8263357ef36

Chemical structures of artificial K+ channels recently developed as AM agents [122,126].

PMC9032600

biomedicines-10-00885-sch001.jpg

0.503604

a0b850f8804d4470a4b729287f388bcb

Chemical structures of T15–T18 [145].

PMC9032600

biomedicines-10-00885-sch002.jpg

0.444777

2f9033741164411a8f13396ef55c23df

Driving simulator.

PMC9033333

CIN2022-3160449.001.jpg

0.415177

fcfc4fafddef452588662394abd95abc

Dangerous traffic scene.

PMC9033333

CIN2022-3160449.002.jpg

0.507621

051163c6779f46188707f960d7eedb72

Complex dangerous scene.

PMC9033333

CIN2022-3160449.003.jpg

0.442162

d02acadcd31d48ef96b7fac933273b97

Kalman filter trajectory comparison (a) and the position deviation of each measurement point and the actual point after KF (b).

PMC9033333

CIN2022-3160449.004.jpg

0.497804

a1513154aea144f4abdd6d31f4411c5a

BRB verification confidence distribution.

PMC9033333

CIN2022-3160449.005.jpg

0.42898

669755c4b2dc4cc99f3b12153a401bbc

Average time to complete take-over tasks in each experiment of all participants.

PMC9033333

CIN2022-3160449.006.jpg

0.457173

b9ebf63e27c647fe86b760f1b0534ffc

Average minimum TTC and change range in each experiment of all participants.

PMC9033333

CIN2022-3160449.007.jpg

0.404435

5893ea6df6824eb8bbce6ba06daec616

Average distance to obstacle in each experiment of all participants.

PMC9033333

CIN2022-3160449.008.jpg

0.430859

57fa4dbaf708463891a131f1939a2b6e

Average maximum braking acceleration in each experiment of all participants.

PMC9033333

CIN2022-3160449.009.jpg

0.396718

2bd172a112fb41978087c236ae57b65f

Average minimum TTC (a) and distance to obstacle (b) in each experiment (excluding collision data) of male and female participants.

PMC9033333

CIN2022-3160449.010.jpg

0.603468

11ec5e806d044b98acbbdc8638f12586

Average speed during the task in each experiment of male and female participants.

PMC9033333

CIN2022-3160449.011.jpg

0.480159

a3bf86b3d92947a18a6135d78b2bc6a0

Time to complete take-over task (a) and maximum braking acceleration (b).

PMC9033333

CIN2022-3160449.012.jpg

0.444557

d2b02747b6e444cda721adb08f1389b5

Observed ER by subpopulation clusters

PMC9034646

42979_2022_1092_Fig10_HTML.jpg

0.445407

562098530fa74dc58854e2311e33619e

In-app chatbot

PMC9034646

42979_2022_1092_Fig11_HTML.jpg

0.395038

63a58a2414b9465eb571a5d24ec791e4

SMS chatbot

PMC9034646

42979_2022_1092_Fig12_HTML.jpg

0.456197

331effc3190b46488b6116ca957422d1

Topical keywords alluding health

PMC9034646

42979_2022_1092_Fig13_HTML.jpg

0.469766

a51e065e8496412e929d3d3c14876dc8

Topical keywords alluding to employment

PMC9034646

42979_2022_1092_Fig14_HTML.jpg

0.457187

75f280cc77dd442589bcc8dddf49d4e9

Topical keywords alluding to transportation

PMC9034646

42979_2022_1092_Fig15_HTML.jpg

0.4431

b6ee527f99114e648a13478d5668e680

Topical keywords alluding to housing

PMC9034646

42979_2022_1092_Fig16_HTML.jpg

0.440452

6796338e023e4340ae15147995d1b61d

Topical keywords alluding to food security

PMC9034646

42979_2022_1092_Fig17_HTML.jpg

0.507364

33747f452e964ce99995a4d4a2dd0e5f

Individual social needs distribution

PMC9034646

42979_2022_1092_Fig18_HTML.jpg

0.461104

f7ee89799910435e8d4ec3af7beb6a77

Individual social needs distribution

PMC9034646

42979_2022_1092_Fig19_HTML.jpg

0.403735

61ff8bb0ba414e26b6e0efc37db76b3f

Push notification

PMC9034646

42979_2022_1092_Fig1_HTML.jpg

0.371963

3e200cd1212e41e6a700c9639940e28d

Cross modalities recall rate

PMC9034646

42979_2022_1092_Fig20_HTML.jpg

0.401707

01130712e57a469d9eda795a5263e06d

Cross modalities precision rate

PMC9034646

42979_2022_1092_Fig21_HTML.jpg

0.375352

8cda8136648e4106afe3215950ba4428

SMS reminder

PMC9034646

42979_2022_1092_Fig2_HTML.jpg