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6899950 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloyd%20Railroad%20Depot | Lloyd Railroad Depot | The Lloyd Railroad Depot (also known as Bailey's Mill Station or Number Two Station) is a historic depot building in Lloyd, Florida in the United States. Built in 1858 by the Pensacola and Georgia Railroad, it is the oldest brick railroad station in Florida and one of only three surviving railroad depots in the state built prior to the start of the American Civil War. The Seaboard Air Line Railroad operated a local New Orleans - Jacksonville train on the line, making flag stops at the station, while the better known Gulf Wind passed through without stopping.
The building closed in 1966 after its owner at the time, the Seaboard Air Line Railroad, discontinued that local service and donated it to the Jefferson County Historical Society. A few years later, ownership was transferred to the Gulf Wind Chapter of the National Railway Historical Society, who own it to this day. On December 2, 1974, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. The structure is located near the junction of SR 59 and Lester Lawrence Road. It is currently used as a post office.
See also
Old Gainesville Depot
Tallahassee station
References
External links
Places in Jefferson County at Jefferson County, Florida
National Register of Historic Places in Jefferson County, Florida
Railway stations closed in 1966
Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in Florida
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1858
Seaboard Air Line Railroad stations
Vernacular architecture in Florida
Transportation buildings and structures in Jefferson County, Florida
1858 establishments in Florida
1966 disestablishments in Florida |
6899952 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Mystery%20at%20the%20Ski%20Jump | The Mystery at the Ski Jump | The Mystery at the Ski Jump is the twenty-ninth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1952 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Alma Sasse.
Plot
Nancy, Bess, and George follow the trail of fur thieves to New York and into Canada. While trying to catch the thieves, Nancy must catch a woman named Mitzi Channing who is using Nancy's identity. Nancy finds out that everyone who has been buying from Mitzi is in a dreadful trap.
External links
1952 American novels
1952 children's books
Grosset & Dunlap books
Nancy Drew books
Children's mystery novels |
23573347 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans%20Warren | Hans Warren | Johannes Adrianus Menne Warren (20 October 1921, in Borssele – 19 December 2001, in Goes) was a Dutch writer. Much of his fame in the Netherlands derives from having published a collection of diaries in which he described his life and homosexual experiences in a country that deeply repressed homosexuality. He is also known for his poetry, his literary criticism, and his translations of poetry from Modern Greek.
Youth
Warren was born in Zeeland, the only child of an engineer and a school teacher. As a child, he had few friendships among his peers, and when he was a student at the lyceum in Goes developed a great interest in nature. After graduation, he began writing articles for nature magazines, and was especially interested in birds. Jac. P. Thijsse was his model. For a while, he worked as a volunteer at an institute for dialectology. Even before the start of World War II, he began keeping a diary.
Writing career
After the war, Warren began publishing: in 1946, he published Pastorale, a collection of poetry; in 1947, a study on Jac. P. Thijsse; and in 1949 a book on nocturnal birds. In 1951, he began to write reviews and literary criticism for the Provinciale Zeeuwse Courant, one of the foremost newspapers in Zeeland. He wrote these columns and reviews until his death.
Marriage years
In 1952 he married an English woman, and they had three children. Soon after their marriage his wife was offered a position in Paris, where Warren's repressed homosexual feelings found an outlet in many contacts with North African boys. Although this created tension in his marriage, it also sparked his poetic career: Warren published three collections of poetry during his years in Paris, and the marriage, in the end, lasted until 1978.
Creative period
In 1958 the family returned to Zeeland, and Warren produced little writing until the end of the 1960s, when the publishing company Bert Bakker published a collection of new poems by Warren, Tussen hybris en vergaan. In 1969 Warren met Gerrit Komrij and the two poets began a long and mutually inspiring friendship. During the next ten years, Warren published a new book of poetry every year.
In 1978 Warren met Mario Molegraaf, forty years his junior (Warren was 57 at that time). The two began a tumultuous love affair that lasted until Warren's death. Molegraaf was a talented writer himself, and together they published a number of translations: the entire work of Constantine P. Cavafy, several poems by George Seferis, works by Plato and Epicurus, and the four gospels.
Secret Diary and other publications
The publication of his series of diaries caused some concern among Warren's friends and colleagues: as the title implies, the diaries are quite frank. Warren openly describes his own life and experiences, and offers his opinions on everyone, including his friends. The twentieth volume covered the years 1996 to 1998, with one more volume to be published.
From 1985 until 2002, Meulenhoff published a Warren calendar with a poem each day. Together with Molegraaf, Warren published several popular poetry anthologies.
Death and afterlife
Warren died at age 80 of liver problems; even his final year is described in his diary (which he kept until three days before his death) and in that of Molegraaf (published in 2002). In 2004, two novels he wrote in 1950 (Een vriend voor de schemering and Om het behoud der eenzaamheid) were rediscovered; Een vriend voor de schemering was published in 2005. A movie based on his novel Steen der hulp is in production.
Awards
1958 – Lucy B. en C.W. van der Hoogtprijs for Saïd
1970 – Pierre Bayle-prijs for his literary criticism
1971 – Zeeuwse prijs voor Kunsten en Wetenschappen for his entire oeuvre
1981 – Culture award from the city Goes for Geheim dagboek and his weekly literary reviews in the Provinciale Zeeuwse Courant
Bibliography
Poetry
1946 – Pastorale
1951 – Eiland in de stroom
1954 – Leeuw lente
1954 – Vijf in je oog
1957 – Saïd
1966 – Een roos van Jericho
1969 – Tussen hybris en vergaan
1970 – Kritieken
1972 – Schetsen uit het Hongaarse volksleven
1972 – Verzamelde gedichten 1941–1971
1973 – De Olympos
1974 – Betreffende vogels
1974 – Een liefdeslied
1974 – Herakles op de tweesprong
1975 – 't Zelve anders
1975 – Winter in Pompeï
1976 – Demetrios
1976 – Sperma en tranen
1976 – Zeggen wat nooit iemand zei
1976 – Zeven gedichten van liefde
1978 – De vondst in het wrak
1978 – Een otter in Americain
1978 – Behalve linde, tamarinde en banaan (revised edition of Sperma en tranen)
1978 – Voor Mario
1981 – Verzamelde gedichten 1941–1981
1982 – Dit is werkelijk voor jou geschreven (self-selected anthology)
1986 – Bij Marathon
1986 – Tijd
1987 – Ik ging naar de geheime kamers
1989 – Binnenste buiten
1992 – Nakijken, dromen, derven
1993 – Indigo
1996 – Ik ging naar de Noordnol
2001 – De Oost
2001 – Een stip op de wereldkaart
Prose fiction
1975 – Steen der hulp (tweede druk 1983; trans. in English as Secretly Inside
2004 – Tussen Borssele en Parijs
2005 – Een vriend voor de schemering
Non-fiction
1947 – In memoriam Dr. Jac. P. Thijsse
1949 – Nachtvogels
1981 – Geheim dagboek 1942–
1987 – Het dagboek als kunstvorm
1993 – Geheim dagboek 1939–1940
2001 – Om het behoud der eenzaamheid (selections from Geheim dagboek)
Anthologies
1959 – Mijn hart wou nergens tieren (bloemlezing uit het werk van P.C. Boutens)
1980 – Spiegel van de Nederlandse poëzie (revised edition 1984)
References
External links
Hans Warren in the Digital Library, Bibliotheek voor de Nederlandse Letteren
Website dedicated to Hans Warren
Collection Hans Warren in the Zeeuwse Bibliotheek
Photographs by Hans Warren in Beeldbank Zeeland
1921 births
2001 deaths
Dutch male poets
Dutch gay writers
People from Borsele
20th-century Dutch poets
20th-century Dutch male writers
20th-century LGBT people |
6899963 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War%20canoe | War canoe | A war canoe is a watercraft of the canoe type designed and outfitted for warfare, and which is found in various forms in many world cultures. In modern times, such designs have become adapted as a sport, and "war canoe" can mean a type of flatwater racing canoe.
History
War canoes were used in Africa, Austronesia, Americas and Europe to transport troops and supplies, and engage targets onshore. While documentation of canoe versus canoe battles on the open ocean is rare, records from the 14th century mention various peoples of West Africa using huge fighting canoes in inland waters, some up to and carrying over 100 men. Construction of the war canoe was typically from one massive tree trunk, with the silk cotton tree being particularly useful. The inside was dug out and carved using fire and hand tools. Braces and stays were used to prevent excessive expansion while the fire treatment was underway. Fire also served to release sap as a preservative against insect pests. Some canoes had of width inside, accommodating benches for rowers, and facilities such as fireplaces and sleeping berths.
Warriors on board were typically armed with shield, spear and bow. In the gunpowder era, small iron or brass cannon were sometimes mounted on the bow or stern, although the firepower delivered from these areas and weapons was relatively ineffective. Musketeers delivering fire to cover raiding missions generally had better luck. The typical tactic was to maneuver close to shore, discharge weapons, then quickly pull out to open water to reload, before dashing in again to repeat the cycle. Troop and supply transport were the primary missions, but canoe versus canoe engagements in the lagoons, creeks and lakes of West Africa were also significant.
Canadian sport war canoes
War canoe is largely a Canadian sport, with some teams coming from the northwestern United States as well; it is not sanctioned by the International Canoe Federation but is nonetheless an important part of most Canadian canoe club racing programs. The term 'war canoe' is derived from large indigenous peoples' canoes intended for war, and war canoeing was in fact a popular sport in Vancouver, British Columbia before large gatherings of indigenous people were outlawed in 1922. War canoeing among indigenous communities is enjoying a revival today, although there as yet has been little interaction with non-indigenous teams.
A war canoe holds 15 paddlers including one coxswain, or cox, for steering. War canoe is sometimes referred to as C-15 on regatta schedules, with the 'C' standing for 'canoe'. The paddlers, 7 to a side and slightly offset from one another, kneel on one knee while paddling. The coxswain stands with their calves braced between a yoke on the back of the boat. Paddlers on the left will kneel on their left knee and vice versa, as in a Sprint canoe, and the foremost paddler, whether on the right or left, will set the stroke. Boats are most often constructed of wood, although some newer boats will be made of fiberglass. Races will typically be of 500 m or 1000 m. The paddles used can be made of wood, but carbon fibre paddles are becoming standard, as their reduced weight leads to improved performance.
War canoe is seen as a prestige event at regattas where it is held, as it allows a significant portion of a club's racing members to be in the boat at once and compete together. It is a large team event in a sport that typically focusses on individual achievements. Crews will be taken from the appropriate age range (e.g. Bantam, junior, masters, etc.), and races are held for men's, women's, or mixed crews.
Typically, a war canoe will be faster than a dragon boat over any given distance, because of a better hull shape (narrower and without the characteristic 'w' shape of dragon boat hulls), lighter construction, and the kneeling position allowing for a fuller, more powerful stroke than the sitting position used in dragon boats.
See also
Tomako
Pacific Northwest Canoes
Dragon boat
Sprint canoe
Canoe racing
Waka
Kakap
Swan boat (racing)
Nouka Baich
Chundan vallam
References
External links
Tomako - War Canoe - Solomon Islands
Canoes
Canoeing in Canada
First Nations culture
Native American culture
Polynesian culture |
6899964 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redonda%20Beach | Redonda Beach | Redonda Beach or Praia Redonda in Portuguese, meaning Round, is a beach on the southwestern coast of Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal, bordering the Atlantic Ocean. It is adjacent to Passeio Alegre, in Póvoa de Varzim City Center. The Avenida dos Banhos runs alongside the beach, and the Diana Bar beach library, a nightclub and Café Guarda-sol are located on the beach.
The beach has medium sand and little granitic gneiss, typical rocky outcrops on Póvoa de Varzim coastline, the largest concentration is Carvalhido outcrop, which serves as the north limit of the beach. Salgueira Beach is located to the North and the Port of Póvoa de Varzim to the south. These beaches have a specific climate, by showing low diurnal temperature variation, just 4 °C (= 7.2 °F). Compared with the rest of the territory, rainfall is significantly lower and solar irradiation higher. These are subject to the prevailing northern winds which arise in the summer after midday; hence mornings are significantly less windy.
History
The beach is historically known as Praia de Banhos, Portuguese for Bathing Beach, contrasting with the Fisheries Beach (used for fishing and with very fine sand), currently the Port of Póvoa de Varzim. it is the historical bathing beach of Póvoa de Varzim, that in the 19th century became the most popular tourist destination in Northern Portugal. Ramalho Ortigão, in the book As Praias de Portugal (The Beaches of Portugal), states that Póvoa de Varzim is the great hostel for the inhabitants of the Minho province, for sea bathing or breathing the Sea air, as the marine layer is occasionally propelled to the beach by the south and western maritime winds during summertime, leaving an intense aroma. Ortigão states that in that time no other beach had such diversity and popularity.
In 1844, the chapel of Saint Joseph was built in there, and there was a street known as Rua da Areosa. The street was enlarged and became the Passeio Alegre square and the chapel demolished by beautification of the beaches square. A new chapel was built on Avenida Mousinho de Albuquerque to replace it. However, in the 1930s, beach bars were constructed in the location of the chappel: Diana Bar and Café Guardassol, the later was, at first, a famed 1920s wooden building, causing local debate. In the 1970s, Café Enseada was built and, in the 21st century, a new wooden building, the Maresia Café.
References
Beaches of Póvoa de Varzim |
23573352 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic%20liberalism | Economic liberalism | Economic liberalism is a political and economic ideology that supports a market economy based on individualism and private property in the means of production. Economic liberalism has been generally described as representing the economic expression of 19th-century liberalism until the Great Depression and rise of Keynesianism in the 20th century. An economy that is managed according to these precepts may be described as liberal capitalism or a liberal economy. Economic liberals tend to oppose government intervention and protectionism in the market economy when it inhibits free trade and competition but support government intervention to protect property rights and resolve market failures.
Economic liberalism was born as the theory of economics of liberalism, developed during the Age of Enlightenment, particularly by Adam Smith, which advocates minimal interference by government in the economy. This was initially to promote the idea of private ownership and trade; however, due to a growing awareness of concerns regarding policy, economic liberalism paved the way for a new form of liberalism, known as social liberalism, which allowed for government intervention in order to help the poor. As a consequence, the widespread appeal of Smith's economic theories of free trade, the division of labour, and the principle of individual initiative has helped to obscure the rich body of political liberalism to be found in his work. This promoted the everyday man to hold ownership of his own property and trade, which slowly allowed for individuals to take control of their places within society. Economic liberalism is associated with markets and private ownership of capital assets. Historically, economic liberalism arose in response to feudalism and mercantilism. Today, economic liberalism is contrasted with protectionism because of its support for free trade and an open economy, and is also considered opposed to planned economies and non-capitalist economic orders, such as socialism.
Initially, the economic liberals had to contend with the supporters of feudal privileges for the wealthy, traditions of the aristocracy and the rights of monarchs to run national economies in their own personal interests. By the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, these were largely defeated. Today, economic liberalism is associated with classical liberalism, neoliberalism, right-libertarianism, and some schools of conservatism like liberal conservatism and fiscal conservatism. They commonly adhere to a political and economic philosophy that advocates a restrained fiscal policy and a balanced budget through measures such as low taxes, reduced government spending, and minimized government debt. Free trade, deregulation, tax cuts, privatization, labour market flexibility, and opposition to trade unions are also common positions. Economic liberalism follows the same philosophical approach as classical liberalism and fiscal conservatism.
Overview
Economic liberalism is a much broader concept than fiscal liberalism, which is called fiscal conservatism or economic libertarianism in the United States. The ideology that highlighted the financial aspect of economic liberalism is called fiscal liberalism, which is defined as support for free trade.
Origins
Arguments in favor of economic liberalism were advanced during the Age of Enlightenment, opposing feudalism and mercantilism. It was first analyzed by Adam Smith in An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776), which advocated minimal interference of government in a market economy, although it did not necessarily oppose the state's provision of basic public goods. In Smith's view, if everyone is left to his own economic devices instead of being controlled by the state, the result would be a harmonious and more equal society of ever-increasing prosperity. This underpinned the move towards a capitalist economic system in the late 18th century and the subsequent demise of the mercantilist system. Private property and individual contracts form the basis of economic liberalism.
The early theory of economic liberalism was based on the assumption that the economic actions of individuals are largely based on self-interest (invisible hand) and that allowing them to act without any restrictions will produce the best results for everyone (spontaneous order), provided that at least minimum standards of public information and justice exist, so that no one is allowed to coerce, steal, or commit fraud, and there should be freedom of speech and press. This ideology was well reflected in English law; Lord Ackner, denying the existence of a duty of good faith in English contract law, emphasised the "adversarial position of the parties when involved in negotiations".
Position on state interventionism
Economic liberalism opposes government intervention in the economy when it leads to inefficient outcomes. They are supportive of a strong state that protects the right to property and enforces contracts. They may also support government interventions to resolve market failures. Ordoliberalism and various schools of social liberalism based on classical liberalism include a broader role for the state but do not seek to replace private enterprise and the free market with public enterprise and economic planning. A social market economy is a largely free-market economy based on a free price system and private property that is supportive of government activity to promote competition in markets and social welfare programs to address social inequalities that result from market outcomes.
Historian Kathleen G. Donohue argues that classical liberalism in the United States during the 19th century had distinctive characteristics as opposed to Britain: "[A]t the center of classical liberal theory [in Europe] was the idea of laissez-faire. To the vast majority of American classical liberals, however, laissez-faire did not mean no government intervention at all. On the contrary, they were more than willing to see government provide tariffs, railroad subsidies, and internal improvements, all of which benefited producers. What they condemned was intervention in behalf of consumers."
See also
Conservatism in the United States
Constitutional economics
Doux commerce
Economic freedom
Economic liberalization
Economic progressivism
Georgism
Laissez-faire
Libertarianism in the United States
References
Bibliography
External links
Classical liberalism
Conservative liberalism
Economic globalization
Economic ideologies
Free market
Ideologies of capitalism
Liberalism
Political ideologies |
6899966 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum%20City | Maximum City | Maximum City: Bombay Lost and Found is a narrative nonfiction book by Suketu Mehta, published in 2004, about the Indian city of Mumbai (also known as Bombay). It was published in hardcover by Random House's Alfred A. Knopf imprint. When released in paperback, it was published by Vintage, a subdivision of Random House.
Awards
Maximum City was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in 2005, and won the Kiriyama Prize, an award given to books that foster a greater understanding of the nations and peoples of the Pacific Rim and South Asia. It won the 2005 Vodafone Crossword Book Award. The Economist named Maximum City one of its books of the year for 2004. It was shortlisted for the 2005 Samuel Johnson Prize.
Adaptation
On August 2019, it was reported that Anurag Kashyap will be the showrunner of franchise films based on the book. It will be produced by Ashok Amritraj.
References
External links
Suketu Mehta's official website
Publisher Random House website
Interview with the Wall Street Journal
Lettre Ulysses Award Biography Page on Suketu Mehta
2004 non-fiction books
Books about India
Novels set in Mumbai
Indian biographies
Mumbai in fiction
21st-century Indian books |
23573358 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C8H11NO2 | C8H11NO2 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C8H11NO2}}
The molecular formula C8H11NO2 may refer to:
Butyl cyanoacrylate
4-Deoxypyridoxine
Dopamine, a neurotransmitter
Isobutyl cyanoacrylate
Norfenefrine
Octopamine
Octopamine (drug)
Vanillylamine |
6899971 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSOP | SSOP | SSOP may refer to:
Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures
Shrink Small-Outline Package |
23573373 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McGrath%20%28disambiguation%29 | McGrath (disambiguation) | McGrath is a surname of Irish origin.
McGrath may also refer to:
Places
United States:
McGrath, Alaska, a village
McGrath, Minnesota, a town
McGrath State Beach, Oxnard, California
Antarctica:
Mount McGrath
McGrath Nunatak
Other uses
McGrath Foundation, an Australian breast cancer support and education charity
McGrath Cup, a Gaelic Football competition in Munster, Ireland
McGrath's Fish House, restaurant chain in the American Pacific Northwest
See also
Clan McGrath
Magrath (disambiguation)
McGraw (disambiguation) |
23573389 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stelis%20immersa | Stelis immersa | Stelis immersa is a species of orchid found from Mexico to northern Venezuela.
References
External links
immersa
Orchids of Mexico
Orchids of Venezuela |
6899985 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forever%20Pop | Forever Pop | Forever Pop is a collection of new (at the time) remixes of older Alphaville songs and singles. The people responsible for some of the remixes include notables such as Paul Van Dyk, Mark Plati, and De-Phazz.
Reviews
One reviewer had positive things to say about the collection, noting that most of the remixes "maintain the beauty of the original music," although one mix (the Eiffel 65 mix) is an exception: it strays "too far away from the original song while not adding anything interesting to win over the listener." Overall, the collection was referred to as "refreshing" and "stunning."
Track listing
"Forever Young (F.A.F. mix (album version))" – 4:58
"Dance with Me (Paul van Dyk mix)" – 3:54
"Big in Japan (Roland Spremberg mix)" – 3:42
"Romeos (Rewarped mix)" – 4:34
"Summer Rain (De-Phazz mix)" – 4:21
"Jerusalem (Georg Kaleve mix)" – 4:39
"Summer in Berlin (Cristian Fleps mix)" – 3:45
"Sounds Like a Melody (Staggman mix)" – 7:52
"Lassie Come Home (@home mix)" – 4:54
"Jet Set (Saunaclub mix)" – 4:55
"A Victory of Love (JAB mix)" – 4:30
"Red Rose (Mark Plati mix)" – 5:40
"Big in Japan (Eiffel 65 mix)" – 5:00
The F.A.F. mix is denoted as the "album version" to differentiate it from the "Diamonds in the Sun" mix, which was released exclusively to fans in the "Forever Young 2001 (Fan Edition)" release
The promotional-only single "Dance with Me 2001" was also released to accompany the album
Notes
1.http://www.answers.com/topic/forever-pop-1, All Music Guide
Alphaville (band) albums
2001 remix albums
Warner Music Group EPs |
6899996 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JDS%20%C5%8Cshio | JDS Ōshio | JDS Ōshio (SS-561) was the only ship of her kind in service with Japanese Maritime Self Defense Force. Ōshio was planned and built to replace the aging JDS Kuroshio.
Background
In 1955, the Maritime Self-Defense Force received a loan from the US Navy for the Gato-class submarine USS Mingo and recommissioned it as the first JDS Kuroshio to begin the development (reconstruction) of the submarine force. Subsequently, by building the first Oyashio in the 1956 plan, domestic construction of submarines was resumed. In the subsequent First Defense Build-up Plan, from the perspective of arranging the numbers, the development of a small submarine (SSK) for local defense, which was modeled after the Barracuda class of the US Navy, will be promoted, and the plan for 1959. Then, the Yashio type, the Natsushio type was built in the 1960 plan.
However, these small submarines have serious restrictions on their snorkeling and surface navigation capabilities, especially in stormy weather, which has become a serious problem in submarine operations in the waters near Japan. In addition, since the US Navy had changed its policy to develop a large submarine such as the Tang-class submarine, the Maritime Self-Defense Force also decided to build a larger submarine (SSL) with excellent seakeeping. Based on this, first, as a substitute ship for JDS Kuroshio, only one ship was built in the plan of 1958.
Design
The design of this ship uses the same technology as SSK, and is expanded to almost the same size as the original Kuroshio.
Her ship type is an underwater high-speed nautical submarine similar to SSK. The hull structure is also based on the same double-shell type as SSK, but for slimming down, the rear part is a single-shell type and is a partial single-shell type. As for the material of the pressure hull, NS46 tempered high-strength steel (yield strength 46 kgf / mm2 / 451MPa), which was limited only to the frame in 35SSK, was fully adopted.
The propulsion system was a diesel-electric system, the propulsion device was a two-axis system, and the basic configuration was the system since 31SS. As a diesel engine, two V-type 16-cylinder Kawasaki / MAN V8V 24 / 30m MAL were installed. This is based on the 31SS V8V 22 / 30m MAL, with the bore (piston diameter) expanded to increase the output, and has since been followed up to the Yuushio type (50SS). [6].
For electric propulsion, two Fuji Electric SG-3 traction motors (1,200 kW) and two Fuji Electric SM-3 traction motors (1,450 horsepower on water / 3,150 horsepower underwater), and 480 SCB-47W main storage batteries (120). Group x 4 groups) was installed. The SCB-47W main storage battery is a water-cooled agitated fiber-clad lead battery similar to SSK (excluding Natsushio), but its life is longer and its discharge capacity is lower than before.
The propeller is the same 5-sho screw propeller (453 rpm) as before, but the airfoil has been improved and the material has been changed to aluminum bronze.
Equipment
The sonar arrangement is similar to the Natsushio-class, but for the hearing device (passive sonar), the JQO-3 is located at the bottom of the bow and the JQO-4 is located inside the dome at the front end of the sail. ing. As an active sonar, the JQS-3 was mounted on the bottom of the ship below the command post in a hanging manner, similar to the 35SSK. The periscope used to be a 10-meter type, but has been increased to a 13-meter type since the ship.
Six torpedo tubes were placed on the bow and two on the stern. All of these have a 533mm caliber, but the one on the bow side is the hydraulically fired HU-601, while the one on the stern side is the swimout type HU-201, which is used to protect the ship when evacuating. It was envisioned to launch a Mk.37 mod.0-N short torpedo (483mm diameter). However, this equipment method was evaluated as having limited effectiveness, and it is said that it was never used. The number of torpedoes installed was 18 for Mk.54 torpedoes and Mk.37 mod.0-N, and 6 torpedoes were installed at the rear.
Construction and career
Ōshio was laid down on 29 June 1963 and launched on 30 April 1964 by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Kobe Shipyard. She was commissioned on 31 March 1965 and incorporated into the 1st Submarine Group 2nd Submarine.
On April 8, 1967, while moored in Kure, a short circuit occurred in the rear control panel room while charging the storage battery, and a fire broke out from a large discharge. At this time, the inner shell was partially melted and after that, it was operated with a limit on the dive depth.
From 25 January to 14 April 1969, she participated in Hawaii dispatch training.
On 26 January 1970, while she was surfacing in Hiroshima Bay, she came into contact with a small tanker (186 tonnes) and broke two propeller shafts.
From 22 September to 10 December 1971, she participated in Hawaii dispatch training.
She was decommissioned on 20 August 1981 and dismantled in March 1982. She allowed the media to film her inside the ship before dismantling.
Citations
See also
Submarines of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
Ships built by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
1964 ships |
6899999 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Ringmaster%27s%20Secret | The Ringmaster's Secret | The Ringmaster's Secret is the thirty-first volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in late 1953 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot summary
1953 Edition: Nancy's Aunt Eloise, aware of her niece's current interest in learning horseback riding stunts, sends her a second-hand golden bracelet bearing charms of horses in all five gaits; a sixth charm is missing. Coincidentally, the Sims Circus, former employer of Nancy's equestrian instructor, is coming to town. Nancy investigates the link between the unhappy circus star, young aerialist, Lolita, and her bracelet. Lolita is the adopted daughter of the acting manager, Ringmaster Kroon, and his wife. Pietro, the young, handsome clown, tells Nancy Lolita has the missing charm from her bracelet. Nancy's regular appearances at the circus, and her detective reputation brings the ire of Kroon. When a bareback rider is injured, Nancy is asked to join the show as her replacement. Bess Marvin stands in at an interview with Kroon, and agrees to audition later, while Nancy lightens her hair and cuts it to resemble her friend. Nancy's travels with the circus come to an abrupt end when she and George are kidnapped and left aboard the car of a freight train. After their escape, Nancy continues following up on clues, including a mysterious woman in England linked to both the bracelet and Lolita! In the climax of the story, Nancy is rescued by Ned when Kroon tries to imprison her in the lion's cage, and all is revealed.
Commentary
This is the first volume that Harriet Stratemeyer Adams, manager and co-owner of The Stratemeyer Syndicate, is credited with writing in full.
1974 Edition: the story is a shortened and abridged version of the original, lacking detail in the subplots, and quickening the pace. Nancy uses a wig to resemble Bess, as well, since her hair is titian in the revision. The story is basically a simplified version of the original.
Book Club Edition
In 1959, this volume was the second in a series released as part of the Nancy Drew Reader's Club, nicknamed by adult collectors as "Cameos," so named in reference to the jacket and cover design elements of Nancy on a cameo pendant. Nancy is illustrated as mature, dressed in tailored clothes, in this series of book club editions with illustrations by Polly Bolian. The books featured eight internal illustrations on double pages, and a color frontispiece, which was also reproduced as the cover art on a paper dust jacket. The books removed prior- and next-book notices and promotions, and all other details that would serve to sequence the books. Nancy is shown as willowy, with short, wavy hair, and a more mature appearance than her counterpart in the regularly issued series of books.
Critiques
Adult book collectors and enthusiasts discuss and review Nancy Drew plot elements online. The premise of this volume is sometimes discussed regarding suspension of disbelief that Nancy is as skilled as a high-grade circus performer, and can easily enter the circus as a replacement performer. The original art was executed in 1953 by illustrator Rudy Nappi, and shows a poised and polished Nancy in a typical 1950s shirtdress with Lolita as Kroon discovers their escape. Artist Polly Bolian illustrated the same cover scene for her 1959 book club dust jacket and frontispiece, correcting the time of day to sunrise, and featuring Nancy in a smart suit with matching pumps and bag. In 1974, Nappi updated his art to a collage of the ringmaster and Nancy as a bareback rider in costume. An unknown artist executed less artistic internal illustrations showing Nancy and her friends wearing mostly bell-bottom jeans and t-shirts for the updated edition. This is the cover and text in print currently by Simon and Schuster.
References
External links
Nancy Drew books
1953 American novels
1953 children's books
Circus books
Grosset & Dunlap books
Children's mystery novels |
6900001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photochemical%20and%20Photobiological%20Sciences | Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences | Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all areas of photochemistry and photobiology. It is published monthly by Springer Nature and is the official journal of the European Photochemistry Association, European Society for Photobiology, Asia and Oceania Society for Photobiology, and the Korean Society of Photoscience. The editors-in-chief are Dario Bassani and Santi Nonell. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2015 impact factor of 2.235.
Owner societies
The journal is co-owned by the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology, and is affiliated with the Asia and Oceania Society for Photobiology and the Korean Society of Photoscience.
Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
Chemical Abstracts Service
PubMed/MEDLINE
Science Citation Index
Scopus
See also
Chemical biology
References
External links
European Photochemistry Association
European Society for Photobiology
Asia and Oceania Society for Photobiology
Korean Society of Photoscience
Chemistry journals
Biology journals
Royal Society of Chemistry academic journals
Publications established in 2002
Monthly journals
English-language journals |
6900002 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Ryder | Paul Ryder | Paul Anthony Ryder (24 April 1964 – 15 July 2022) was an English musician. He was a bass player and a founding member of the Manchester band Happy Mondays.
Early life
Paul and Shaun are the two sons of Derek Ryder, a postman, and his wife Linda, a nurse.
Happy Mondays
Ryder was an active member of the band through most of its history from its inception in 1983 through to his death. His bandmates include his brother Shaun Ryder, Gary Whelan, Mark "Bez" Berry, Paul Davies and Mark Day. It was during his tenure with the band that it had its biggest successes with albums such as Pills 'n' Thrills and Bellyaches which sold more than 350,000 copies in the UK.
Acting
Ryder appeared in the films The Ghosts of Oxford Street, Losing It, and 24 Hour Party People, where he played the part of a gangster.
Other projects
Ryder left Happy Mondays to write music for several television shows, and formed a new band, Big Arm, who released an album in 2008 titled Radiator.
Ryder lived in Los Angeles where he continued to write music. He supported Tom Tom Club on two of the dates on the North America tour in October 2010, playing gigs in San Francisco and Los Angeles. He was joined by Eddy Gronfier, Neo Garcia on drums and Matt Cheadle on guitar.
Death
Ryder suddenly died on 15 July 2022, aged 58.
References
External Links
1964 births
2022 deaths
English rock bass guitarists
Male bass guitarists
Happy Mondays members
People from Salford |
6900013 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Scarlet%20Slipper%20Mystery | The Scarlet Slipper Mystery | The Scarlet Slipper Mystery is the thirty-second volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was published in 1954 by Grosset & Dunlap and written by Charles S. Strong under the house pseudonym Carolyn Keene.
Plot Nancy meets Helene and Henri Fontaine, refugees from Centrovia who run a dancing school in River Heights. Strange circumstances have brought the brother and sister to United States. When they receive an anonymous note threatening their lives, Nancy offers her help.
But she encounters nothing but puzzles. Are the Fontaines involved with the Centrovian underground? Have they been threatened by their own countrymen? Why? Is a series of paintings by Henri Fontaine being used for a sinister purpose?
Suddenly the Fontaines disappear. Have they been kidnapped? Nancy and her friends pursue the trail relentlessly, even though danger lurks around every corner. They are trapped by their enemies, and escape seems impossible. But Nancy's quick wit finally enables her to solve this intriguing and intricate mystery.
References
Nancy Drew books
1954 American novels
1954 children's books
Grosset & Dunlap books
Children's mystery novels |
6900014 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege%20of%20Shigisan | Siege of Shigisan | The 1577 was one of many sieges during Oda Nobunaga's campaigns to consolidate his power in the Kansai area.
The castle was held by Matsunaga Danjo Hisahide and his son Kojirō, both of whom committed suicide upon their defeat.
Supposedly, following his father's seppuku, Kojirō leapt from the castle walls, with his father's head in his hand, and his sword through his own throat.
Hisahide, a master of tea ceremony is also said to have smashed his favorite tea bowl so that it would not fall into the hands of his enemies.
In Popular Culture
In the 2020 Taiga drama, Kirin ga Kuru, Matsunaga Hisahide is played by actor Kōtarō Yoshida. This Taiga's narrative was that Hisahide left his alliance with Nobunaga after Tsutsui Junkei, his rival, was chosen as protector of the Yamato Province. Nobunaga's son, Oda Nobutada, with Akechi Mitsuhide, would defeat Hisahide at the Siege of Shigisan. If Hisahide had surrendered, Nobunaga would have given him a small fiefdom.
References
1577 in Japan
Akechi clan
Shigisan
Conflicts in 1577
Izumi-Hosokawa clan
Oda clan
Shigisan |
6900019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%20Bacteria%20Vacuum | Red Bacteria Vacuum | Red Bacteria Vacuum (レッドバクテリアバキューム) is an all-girl Japanese punk band from Osaka formed in 1998 consisting of Ikumi (guitar/vocals), Kassan (bass/vocals, also formerly known as RanRan), and Jasmine (drums/vocals). The band relocated to Tokyo in 2000.
They have gone through numerous member changes, notably with the major problem of filling in for the departing Akeming, their original drummer who left the band when pregnant with her first child. Katsu was later found to be the new drummer, but later left early 2009. By April 2009, Jasmine became their permanent drummer, appearing in their new album and touring with them for Japan Girls Nite.
The band performed in US numerous times throughout the years, usually as part of Benten Label's Japan Nite, an annual tour promoting Japanese indie bands in America. As part of their 2009 American tour, they played at the opening of New People, a building dedicated to Japanese culture in San Francisco. The group released their album, "Dolly Dolly, Make an Epoch" in October 2009. The band toured in the US once again in March 2010, appearing at SXSW as well as participating in the Japan Nite tour once again. Red Bacteria Vacuum appear in the 2009 documentary Live House, including live performances and interview with the band and its past members. In April 2011 it was announced that Red Bacteria Vacuum would open for A Perfect Circle on all their non festival 2011 tour appearances.
In early 2013 Red Bacteria Vacuum released their third full-length album, Hey! Peeps
Discography
Albums
2000: Such a Scream
2004: Killer Dust
2009: Dolly Dolly, Make a Epoch
2013: Hey! Peeps
EPs
2005: Roller Coaster
DVDs
2006: Panic Junky Special Live
References
External links
Official Japanese Site
Sister Benten English Site
Myspace Site
RED BACTERIA VACUUM SUMMER 2011 TOUR
All-female punk bands
Japanese rock music groups
Japanese punk rock groups
Musical groups from Osaka |
23573392 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Footballer%20of%20the%20Year%20in%20Russia%20%28Futbol%29 | Footballer of the Year in Russia (Futbol) | Footballer of the Year in Russia was an annual award given by Futbol weekly to the Russian Premier League player of the season. The title was awarded according to the results of a poll conducted by the newspaper. Players of each Premier League club are polled. The award started in 1964 as Soviet Footballer of the Year until changing its name for the 1992 season. The last title awarded in 2021. Brazilian Daniel Carvalho became the first foreign player to win the award in 2005.
List of winners
See also
Soviet Footballer of the Year
Footballer of the Year in Russia (Sport-Express), Sport-Express daily newspaper version
References
External links
Futbol weekly official blog
Russia 2
Awards established in 1992
1992 establishments in Russia
Russian football trophies and awards
Annual events in Russia
Association football player non-biographical articles |
6900026 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renault%20Nepta | Renault Nepta | The Renault Nepta was a concept grand tourer made by Renault which was presented at the Mondial de l'Automobile 2006. It was designed by Patrick le Quément and was unusual for Renault in that it was rear-wheel drive with a large petrol engine.
Technical details
It is equipped with a direct injection twin turbo 3.5 L petrol V6 producing and was coupled to a paddle-shift seven-speed automatic gearbox. The Nepta could accelerate to 62 mph in 4.9 seconds.
References
External links
Nepta
Cars introduced in 2006
Rear-wheel-drive vehicles
Grand tourers
Convertibles
Automobiles with gull-wing doors |
17333539 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political%20positions%20of%20Ronald%20Reagan | Political positions of Ronald Reagan | Ronald Reagan was the 40th President of the United States (1981–1989). A Republican and former actor and governor of California, he energized the conservative movement in the United States from 1964. His basic foreign policy was to equal and surpass the Soviet Union in military strength, and put it on the road to what he called "the ash heap of history". By 1985, he began to co-operate closely with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev–they even became friends–and negotiated large-scale disarmament projects. The Cold War was fading away and suddenly ended as Soviets lost control of Eastern Europe almost overnight in October 1989, nine months after Reagan was replaced in the White House by his vice president George H. W. Bush, who was following Reagan's policies. The Soviet Union itself was dissolved in December 1991. In terms of the Reagan doctrine, he promoted military, financial, and diplomatic support for anti-Communist insurgencies in Afghanistan, Nicaragua, and numerous other countries. For the most part, local communist power collapsed when the Soviet Union collapsed.
In domestic affairs, at a time of stagflation with high unemployment and high inflation, he took dramatic steps. They included a major tax cut, and large-scale deregulation of business activities. He took steps to weaken labor unions and found a bipartisan long-term fix to protect the Social Security system. Although he had the support from the Religious Right, he generally avoided or downplayed social issues such as abortion, homosexuality, and racial integration. He spoke out for prayers in public schools but did not promote a constitutional amendment to allow it. Fighting drugs was a high priority. He also appointed the first woman to the Supreme Court. He became an iconic figure who has been praised by later Republican presidential candidates.
Leadership
"Ronald Reagan was convivial, upbeat, courteous, respectful, self-confident, and humble. But he was
also opaque, remote, distant, and inscrutable," says historian Melvyn P. Leffler According to James P. Pfiffner, University Professor of Public Policy at George Mason University, Reagan was a larger-than-life character, a formidable politician, and an important president. His complexity produced a "presidency of paradoxes," in which dramatic successes mingled with unfortunate failures. His strengths included broad vision and clear direction. Voters appreciated his optimism, geniality, and gracious nature, which made his ideals seem all that more attractive. He believed that all national problems were simple problems and had faith in simple solutions. That strengthened his resolve but also led to failures when there were deep complications. Paradoxically, his victories depended on his willingness to make pragmatic compromises without forsaking his ideals.
Reagan himself made the major policy decisions and often overruled his top advisers in cases such as the Reykjavík Summit in 1986, and his 1987 speech calling for tearing down the Berlin wall. He was concerned with very broad issues, as well as anecdotal evidence to support his beliefs. He paid very little attention to details and elaborate briefings. When senior officials did not work out, such as Secretary of State Alexander Haig, they were fired. Reagan went through a series of six national security advisers before settling on people he trusted. Indeed, one of them, John Poindexter, was trusted too much. Poindexter and his aide Oliver North engaged in a secret deal with Iran called the Iran–Contra affair that seriously damaged Reagan's reputation. Reagan had rarely travelled abroad and relied on an inner circle of advisers who were not foreign policy experts, including his wife, James Baker, Edwin Meese and Michael Deaver. Haig had the credentials to be Secretary of State, but he was arrogant and unable to get along with the other top aides. He was replaced by George P. Shultz, who proved much more collaborative and has been generally admired by historians. Other key players included William J. Casey, director of the CIA, William P. Clark, national security advisor, and Jeane Kirkpatrick, Ambassador to the United Nations. Casper W. Weinberger, Secretary of Defense, successfully rebuilt and expanded the military but did not coordinate well with the foreign policy leadership.
Foreign policy
Cold War
Reagan served as President during the last part of the Cold War, an era of escalating ideological disagreements and preparations for war between the United States and the Soviet Union. Reagan in 1982 denounced the enemy as an "evil empire" that would be consigned to the "ash heap of history" and he later predicted that communism would collapse.
He reversed the policy of détente and massively built up the United States military.
He proposed the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), a defense project that planned to use ground and space-based missile defense systems to protect the United States from attack. Reagan believed that this defense shield could make nuclear war impossible. Reagan was convinced that the Soviet Union could be defeated rather than simply negotiated with.
Policy toward USSR
Reagan forcefully confronted the Soviet Union, marking a sharp departure from the détente observed by his predecessors Nixon, Ford, and Carter. Under the assumption that the Soviet Union was financially unable to match the United States in a renewed arms race, he accelerated increases in defense spending begun during the Carter Administration and strove to make the Cold War economically and rhetorically hot.
Reagan had three motivations. First he agreed with the neoconservatives who argued that the Soviets had pulled ahead in military power and the U.S. had to race to catch up. Stansfield Turner, CIA director under Carter, warned in 1981 that, "in the last several years all of the best studies have shown that the balance of strategic nuclear capabilities has been tipping in favor of the Soviet Union." Second, Reagan believed the decrepit Soviet economy could not handle a high-tech weapons race based on computers; it was imperative to block them from gaining western technology.
Third, was the moral certainty that Communism was evil and doomed to failure. Reagan was the first major world leader to declare that Communism would soon collapse. On March 3, 1983, he was blunt to a religious group: the Soviet Union is "the focus of evil in the modern world" and could not last: "I believe that communism is another sad, bizarre chapter in human history whose — last pages even now are being written." His most detailed analysis came on June 8, 1982, to the British Parliament, stunning the Soviets and allies alike. Most experts assumed that the Soviet Union would be around for generations to come, and it was essential to recognize that and work with them. But Reagan ridiculed the USSR as an "evil empire" and argued that it was suffering a deep economic crisis, which he intended to make worse by cutting off western technology. He stated the Soviet Union "runs against the tide of history by denying human freedom and human dignity to its citizens."
A year later in 1983 Reagan stunned the world with a totally new idea: the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI), labeled "star wars" by the media, after the current movie. Reagan, following the ideas of Edward Teller (who invented the H-Bomb in 1950) called for a defensive missile umbrella over the U.S. that would intercept and destroy in space any hostile missiles. It was an unexpected, new idea, and supporters cheered, as SDI seemed to promise protection from nuclear destruction. To opponents, SDI meant a new arms race and the end of the Mutual Assured Destruction ("MAD") strategy that they believed had so far prevented nuclear war. The Soviets were stunned—they lacked basic computers and were unable to say whether it would work or not. Critics said it would cost a trillion dollars; yes said supporters, and the Soviets will go bankrupt if they try to match it. The SDI was in fact funded but was never operational.
Defense spending
The Reagan administration made dramatic increases in defense spending one of their three main priorities on taking office. The transition to the new professional all-professional force was finalized, and the draft forgotten. A dramatic expansion of salary bases and benefits for both enlisted and officers made career service much more attractive. Under the aggressive leadership of Defense Secretary Caspar Weinberger, the development of the B-1 bomber was reinstated, and there was funding for a new B-2 bomber, as well as cruise missiles, the MX missile, and a 600 ship Navy. The new weaponry was designed with Soviet targets in mind. In terms of real dollars after taxation, defense spending jump 34 percent between 1981 in 1985. Reagan's two terms, defense spending totaled about 2 trillion dollars, but even so it was a lower percentage of the federal budget or have the GDP, then before 1976.<ref>James T. Patterson, Restless Giant pp 200-203.</ref> There were arms sales to build up allies as well. The most notable came in 1981, a $8.5 billion sale to Saudi Arabia involving aircraft, tanks, and Airborne Warning and Control Systems (AWACS). Israel protested, since the AWACS would undermine its strategic attack capabilities. To mollify Israel and its powerful lobby in Washington, the United States promised to supply it with an additional F-15 squadron, a $600 million loan, and permission to export Israeli-made Kfir fighting aircraft to Latin American armies.Arnon Gutfeld, "The 1981 AWACS Deal: AIPAC and Israel Challenge Reagan" (The Begin-Sadat Center for Strategic Studies, 2018) online
In its first term administration looked at arms control measures with deep suspicion. However, after the massive buildup, and the second term it looked at them with favor and achieve major arms reductions with Mikhail Gorbachev.
Nuclear weapons
According to several scholars and Reagan biographers, including, John Lewis Gaddis, Richard Reeves, Lou Cannon and Reagan himself in his autobiography, Reagan earnestly desired the abolition of all nuclear weapons. He proposed to Mikhail Gorbachev that if a missile shield could be built, all nuclear weapons be eliminated and the missile shield technology shared, the world would be much better off. Paul Lettow has argued that Reagan's opposition to nuclear weapons started at the dawn of the nuclear age and in December 1945 he was only prevented from leading an anti-nuclear rally in Hollywood by pressure from the Warner Brothers studio.
Reagan believed the mutually assured destruction policy formulated in the 1950s to be morally wrong. In his autobiography, Reagan wrote:
The Pentagon said at least 150 million American lives would be lost in a nuclear war with the Soviet Union—even if we 'won.' For Americans who survived such a war, I couldn't imagine what life would be like. The planet would be so poisoned the 'survivors' would have no place to live. Even if a nuclear war did not mean the extinction of mankind, it would certainly mean the end of civilization as we knew it. No one could 'win' a nuclear war. Yet as long as nuclear weapons were in existence, there would always be risks they would be used, and once the first nuclear weapon was unleashed, who knew where it would end? My dream, then, became a world free of nuclear weapons. ... For the eight years I was president I never let my dream of a nuclear-free world fade from my mind.
Reagan and Soviet leader Gorbachev signed the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty in 1987 (and ratified in 1988), which was the first in Cold War history to mandate the destruction of an entire class of nuclear weapons.
Iran-Iraq
Originally neutral in the Iran–Iraq War of 1980 to 1988, the Reagan administration began supporting Iraq because an Iranian victory would not serve the interests of the United States. In 1983, Reagan issued a National Security Decision Directive memo which called for heightened regional military cooperation to defend oil facilities, measures to improve U.S. military capabilities in the Persian Gulf, directed the secretaries of state and defense and the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to take appropriate measures to respond to tensions in the area.
Economic policy
Economic plans, taxes and deficit
Reagan believed in policies based on supply-side economics and advocated a laissez-faire philosophy, seeking to stimulate the economy with large, across-the-board tax cuts.Appleby, Joyce (2003), pp. 923–24 Reagan pointed to improvements in certain key economic indicators as evidence of success. The policies proposed that economic growth would occur when marginal tax rates were low enough to spur investment, which would then lead to increased economic growth, higher employment and wages.
Reagan did not believe in raising income taxes. During his presidential tenure, the top federal income tax rates were lowered from 70% to 28%. However, it has also been acknowledged that Reagan did raise taxes on eleven occasions during his presidency in an effort to both preserve his defense agenda and combat the growing national debt and budget deficit.
In order to cover the growing federal budget deficits and the decreased revenue that resulted from the cuts, the U.S. borrowed heavily both domestically and abroad, raising the national debt from $1.1 trillion to $2.7 trillion. Reagan described the new debt as the "greatest disappointment" of his presidency.
Free Trade
Reagan was a supporter of free trade. When running for President in 1979, Reagan proposed a "North American accord", in which goods could move freely throughout the U.S., Canada and Mexico. Largely dismissed then, Reagan was serious in his proposal and once in office he signed an agreement with Canada to that effect. His "North American accord" later became the official North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), signed by President George H. W. Bush and ratified by President Bill Clinton.
Reagan understood free trade as including the use of tariffs to protect American jobs and industry against foreign competition. He imposed a temporary 100% tariff on Japanese electronics as well as other tariffs on a variety of industrial products, which resulted in some free market advocates criticizing his policies as protectionist in practice.
Healthcare
Reagan was opposed to socialized healthcare, universal health care, or publicly funded health care. In 1961, while still a member of the Democratic Party, Reagan voiced his opposition to single-payer healthcare in an 11-minute recording. The idea was beginning to be advocated by the Democratic Party. In it, Reagan stated:
One of the traditional methods of imposing statism or socialism on a people has been by way of medicine. It is very easy to describe a medical program as a humanitarian project ... Under the Truman administration, it was proposed that we have a compulsory health insurance program for all people in the United States, and of course, the American people unhesitatingly rejected this ... In the last decade, 127 million of our citizens, in just ten years, have come under the protection of some owned medical or hospital insurance. The advocates of [socialized healthcare], when you try to oppose it, challenge you on an emotional basis ... What can we do about this? Well you and I can do a great deal. We can write to our [
Congressmen, to our Senators. We can say right now that we want no further encroachment on these individual liberties and freedoms. And at the moment, the key issue is we do not want socialized medicine ... If you don't, this program I promise you will pass just as surely as the sun will come up tomorrow. And behind it will come other federal programs that will invade every area of freedom as well have known it in this country, until one day, as Norman Thomas said, we will awake to find that we have socialism. If you don't do this and if I don't do it, one of these days you and I are going to spend our sunset years telling our children, and our children's children, what it once was like in America when men were free.
Social Security
Reagan was in favor of making Social Security benefits voluntary. According to Reagan biographer Lou Cannon: "I have no doubt that he shared the view that Social Security was a Ponzi scheme. He was intrigued with the idea of a voluntary plan that would have allowed workers to make their own investments. This idea would have undermined the system by depriving Social Security of the contributions of millions of the nation's highest-paid workers".
Although Reagan was for a limited government and against the idea of a welfare state, Reagan continued to fully fund Social Security and Medicare because the elderly were dependent on those programs.
Mounting concerns that rising Social Security benefits were causing a long-term deficit and were growing too fast resulted in a bipartisan compromise in 1983. Brokered by conservative Alan Greenspan and liberal Congressman Claude Pepper, the agreement lowered benefits over the next 75 years and brought the system into balance. Key provisions included a gradual increase over 25 years in the retirement age from 65 to 67, to take account of longer life expectancy. (People could retire younger, but at a reduced rate of benefits.) Millions of people were added to the system, especially employees of state governments and of nonprofit organizations.Paul Charles Light, Artful Work: The Politics of Social Security Reform (1985)
New Deal
Reagan wrote that he was never trying to undo the New Deal as he admired President Franklin D. Roosevelt and voted for him all four times.
Social policy
Environment
Reagan dismissed acid rain and proposals to halt it as burdensome to industry. In the early 1980s, pollution had become an issue in Canada, and Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau objected to the pollution originating in U.S. factory smokestacks in the midwest. The Environmental Protection Agency implored Reagan to make a major budget commitment to reduce acid rain, but Reagan rejected the proposal and deemed it as wasteful government spending. He questioned scientific evidence on the causes of acid rain.
Abortion
Reagan was opposed to abortion, except in cases of rape, incest, and threats to the life of the mother. He was quoted as saying: "If there is a question as to whether there is life or death, the doubt should be resolved in favor of life". In 1982, he stated: "Simple morality dictates that unless and until someone can prove the unborn human is not alive, we must give it the benefit of the doubt and assume it is (alive). And, thus, it should be entitled to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness".
As Governor of California, Reagan signed into law the Therapeutic Abortion Act in May 1967 in an effort to reduce the number of "back room abortions" performed in California. It was one of the most liberal abortion laws in the country and allowed for pregnancy terminations if the mother was in physical or mental distress as a result, or if the pregnancy was a product of rape or incest. As a result, approximately one million abortions would be performed and Reagan blamed this on doctors, arguing that they had deliberately misinterpreted the law. Just when the law was signed, Reagan stated that had he been more experienced as Governor, he would not have signed it. Reagan then declared himself to be opposed to abortion rights. During his presidency Reagan never introduced legislation to Congress regarding abortion. However, in a way, he played a role in protecting legalized abortion after he left office. His first judicial appointee for the Supreme Court, Sandra Day O’Connor, led the effort to uphold Roe v. Wade in a 1992 case over restrictive abortion laws in Pennsylvania.
Crime and capital punishment
Reagan was a supporter of capital punishment. As California's Governor, Reagan was beseeched to grant executive clemency to Aaron Mitchell, who had been sentenced to death for the murder of a Sacramento police officer, but he refused. Mitchell was executed the following morning. It was the only execution during his eight years as Governor—he had previously granted executive clemency to one man on death row who had a history of brain damage. He also stayed the execution of convicted murderer Robert Lee Massie in 1967 because he wanted Massie to attend the trial of his alleged accomplice. Massie would be executed over three decades later for a separate murder in 2001.
He approved the construction of three new prisons as President in 1982 as recommended by Attorney General William French Smith.
Drugs
Reagan firmly sought opposition to illegal drugs. He and his wife sought to reduce the use of illegal drugs through the Just Say No Drug Awareness campaign, an organization Nancy Reagan founded as first lady. In a 1986 address to the nation by Ronald and Nancy Reagan, the President said: "[W]hile drug and alcohol abuse cuts across all generations, it's especially damaging to the young people on whom our future depends ... Drugs are menacing our society. They're threatening our values and undercutting our institutions. They're killing our children."
Reagan also reacted to illegal drugs outside of Just Say No as the Federal Bureau Investigation added five hundred drug enforcement agents, began record drug crackdowns nationwide and established thirteen regional anti-drug task forces under Reagan. In the address with the first lady, President Reagan reported on the progress of his administration, saying:Thirty-seven Federal agencies are working together in a vigorous national effort, and by next year our spending for drug law enforcement will have more than tripled from its 1981 levels. We have increased seizures of illegal drugs. Shortages of marijuana are now being reported. Last year alone over 10,000 drug criminals were convicted and nearly $250 million of their assets were seized by the DEA, the Drug Enforcement Administration. And in the most important area, individual use, we see progress. In 4 years the number of high school seniors using marijuana on a daily basis has dropped from 1 in 14 to 1 in 20. The U.S. military has cut the use of illegal drugs among its personnel by 67 percent since 1980. These are a measure of our commitment and emerging signs that we can defeat this enemy.
Civil rights
Women
While running for President, Reagan pledged that if given the chance, he would appoint a woman to the U.S. Supreme Court. In 1981, he appointed Sandra Day O'Connor as the first female justice of the Supreme Court. As President, Reagan opposed the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) because he thought that women were already protected by the 14th Amendment, although he had supported the amendment and offered to help women's groups achieve its ratification while serving as Governor of California. Reagan pulled his support for the ERA shortly before announcing his 1976 candidacy for President. The 1976 Republican National Convention renewed the party's support for the amendment, but in 1980 the party qualified its 40-year support for ERA. Despite opposing the ERA, Reagan did not actively work against the amendment, which his daughter Maureen (who advised her father on various issues including women's rights) and most prominent Republicans supported.
Reagan established a "Fifty States Project" and councils and commissions on women designed to find existing statutes at the federal and state levels and eradicate them, the latter through a liaison with the various state governors. Elizabeth Dole, a Republican feminist and former Federal Trade Commissioner and advisor to Presidents Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford (who would go on to become Reagan's Transportation Secretary) headed up his women's rights project.
Black people
Reagan did not consider himself a racist and dismissed any attacks aimed at him relating to racism as attacks on his personal character and integrity. Biographer Lou Cannon also believes that Reagan wasn't racist, or racially prejudiced. According to him, Reagan had been taught by his parents that racial intolerance was abhorrent and people who knew him were sure that Reagan absorbed his parents' lesson.
Reagan volunteered to take Eureka College's two black football players into his home after they were refused admission at a hotel on one of the team's trips. One of them was William Franklin Burghardt, who Reagan befriended and corresponded regularly until Burghardt's death in 1981. Recalling the incident, Burghardt had stated that "I just don't think he [Reagan] was conscious of race at all".
Reagan was opposed to racial segregation.
Reagan did not support many civil rights bills throughout the years on a federal level. He opposed the Civil Rights Act of 1964 on the grounds that specific provisions of the law infringed upon the individual's right to private property and to do business with whomever they chose, and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 on constitutional grounds, but some have speculated that his position involved "an element of political calculation". In 1965 however, Reagan stated that he favors the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and that "it must be enforced at gunpoint, if necessary". In 1980, Reagan said the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was "humiliating to the South", but in 1982 he signed a bill extending it for 25 years after a grass-roots lobbying and legislative campaign forced him to abandon his plan to ease that law's restrictions. In 1988, he vetoed the Civil Rights Restoration Act, but his veto was overridden by Congress. This was especially notable as it was the first Civil Rights bill to be both vetoed and to be overridden since President Andrew Johnson vetoed the Civil Rights Act of 1866 followed by Congress overriding the veto and making it law. Reagan had argued that the legislation infringed on states' rights and the rights of churches and small business owners. Reagan's Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, as well as his Justice Department, prosecuted fewer civil rights cases per year than they had under his predecessor.
In 1967, Reagan signed the Mulford Act into law which banned the carrying of loaded weapons in public in the state of California. While California was an open carry state, when the Black Panther Party began lawfully open carrying and monitoring law enforcement for police brutality, bipartisan calls for increased gun control came from the California State Legislature. The law was controversial, as it was clearly retaliatory against the Black Panthers, but Reagan defended the law, saying that he saw "no reason why on the street today a citizen should be carrying loaded weapons".
Critics have claimed that Reagan gave his 1980 presidential campaign speech about states' rights in Philadelphia, Mississippi in a calculated attempt to appeal to racist southern voters. This location is near the place where three civil rights workers were killed in 1964. However, others have pointed out that Reagan had given it at the Neshoba County Fair some distance away from where the murders took place. They also said that the vast majority of his speech had nothing to do with "states' rights" and that the fair was a popular campaigning spot. Presidential candidates John Glenn and Michael Dukakis both campaigned there as well years later. While campaigning in Georgia, Reagan mentioned Confederate President Jefferson Davis as an example of someone who used the line-item veto, which Reagan supported. However, Reagan was offended that some accused him of racism.
Reagan initially opposed Fair Housing legislation in California (specifically the Rumford Fair Housing Act), however in 1988 he signed a law expanding the Fair Housing Act of 1968. While signing the expanding of the Fair Housing Act of 1968, he said, among other things, that "[the bill was a] step closer to realizing Martin Luther King's dream", "[the bill was the] most important civil rights legislation in 20 years", and "[the passage of the Civil Rights of 1968 bill] was a major achievement, one that many members of Congress, including a young Congressman named George Bush, had to show enormous courage to vote for". Congressman John Lewis stated that Reagan "dramatized in a very open fashion that he is supportive of efforts to end discrimination in housing" and that Reagan's statements were blatantly meant for political gain as it was an election year. Reagan had previously stated in 1966 that, "If an individual wants to discriminate against Negroes or others in selling or renting his house, he has a right to do so [...] even though such prejudice is morally wrong." Nevertheless, Reagan supported the statute which prohibits racial discrimination on public accommodations and facilities, promised that he would use the "power and prestige" of the governor's office to ensure civil rights for everyone and sought to put an end to "the cancer of racial discrimination".
Reagan engaged in a policy of Constructive engagement with South Africa in spite of apartheid due to the nation being a valuable anti-communist ally. He opposed pressure from Congress and his own party for tougher sanctions until his veto was overridden.
Reagan opposed the Martin Luther King holiday at first, despite noting that King should be honored for freeing the United States from "the burden of racism", however he accepted and signed it after an overwhelming veto-proof majority (338 to 90 in the House of Representatives and 78 to 22 in the Senate) voted in favor of it.
In July 2019, newly unearthed tapes were released of a 1971 phone call between Reagan, then Governor of California, and President Richard Nixon. Angered by African delegates at the United Nations siding against the U.S. in the vote to expel Taiwan from the UN and recognize the People's Republic of China, Reagan stated, "To see those, those monkeys from those African countries - damn them, they're still uncomfortable wearing shoes!" Reagan's son-in-law, Dennis C. Revell, responded that Reagan’s remarks reflected the attitudes of his era, and that some African nations had only recently gained independence from European countries when Reagan spoke with Nixon. Revell also noted that Reagan enjoyed a great relationship with his oldest daughter’s adopted girl from Uganda and also with several African politicians, such as Samora Machel and Yoweri Museveni.
Education
School prayer
Reagan was a supporter of prayer in U.S. schools. On February 25, 1984 in his weekly radio address, he said: "Sometimes I can't help but feel the first amendment is being turned on its head. Because ask yourselves: Can it really be true that the first amendment can permit Nazis and Ku Klux Klansmen to march on public property, advocate the extermination of people of the Jewish faith and the subjugation of blacks, while the same amendment forbids our children from saying a prayer in school?". However, Reagan did not pursue a constitutional amendment requiring school prayer in public schools.
Reagan was particularly opposed to the establishment of the Department of Education, which had occurred under his predecessor, President Jimmy Carter. This view stemmed from his less-government intervention views. He had pledged to abolish the department, but did not pursue that goal as President.
Energy and oil
As President, Reagan removed controls on oil prices, resulting in lower prices and an oil glut. He did not reduce U.S. dependency on oil by imposing an oil-importing fee because of his opposition to taxation. He trusted the free marketplace. Lower global oil prices had the effect of reducing the income that the Soviet Union could earn from its oil exports.
Footnotes
References and further reading
Bell, Coral. The Reagan Paradox: U.S. Foreign Policy in the 1980s (1989) short overview by Australian scholar excerpt
Brands, H.W. Reagan: The Life (2015), scholarly biography; 810pp
Busch, Andrew E.; "Ronald Reagan and the Defeat of the Soviet Empire" in Presidential Studies Quarterly. 27#3 (1997). pp. 451+
; scholarly biography, 953pp
Hayward, Steven F. The Age of Reagan: The Conservative Counterrevolution: 1980–1989 (2009), strongly pro-Reagan
Johns, Andrew L., ed. A Companion to Ronald Reagan (Wiley-Blackwell, 2015). xiv, 682 pp.; topical essays by scholars emphasizing historiography; contents free at many libraries
Kyvig, David. ed. Reagan and the World (1990), scholarly essays on foreign policy.
, autobiography; primary source
Schmertz, Eric J. et al. eds. Ronald Reagan and the World'' (1997) articles by scholars and officeholders online edition
Ronald Reagan
Reagan, Ronald
Reagan, Ronald
Reagan, Ronald |
23573406 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Administrator%20Superior%20of%20Wallis%20and%20Futuna | Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna | The Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna is the representative of the President of France in Wallis and Futuna. The current Administrator Superior is Hervé Jonathan, since 11 January 2021.
The post was created in 1961, after Wallis and Futuna become a French overseas territory. In 2003, the status was changed to that of an overseas collectivity.
For French representatives in Wallis and Futuna from 1887 until 1961, see: Resident of Wallis and Futuna.
List of administrators superior (1961–present)
See also
Wallis and Futuna
List of kings of Uvea
List of kings of Alo
List of kings of Sigave
References
External links
Politics of Wallis and Futuna |
23573412 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repeal%20of%20Certain%20Laws%20Act%201772 | Repeal of Certain Laws Act 1772 | The Repeal of Certain Laws Act 1772 (12 Geo. III, c. 71) was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain. It repealed statutes against forestallers and engrossers, including the Forestallers Act 1551.
Notes
Great Britain Acts of Parliament 1772 |
17333581 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variations%20of%20Australian%20rules%20football | Variations of Australian rules football | Variations of Australian rules football are games or activities based on or similar to the game of Australian rules football, in which the player uses common Australian rules football skills. They range in player numbers from 2 (in the case of kick-to-kick) up to the minimum 38 required for a full Australian rules football.
Some are essentially identical to Australian rules football, with only minor rule changes, while others are more distant and arguably not simple variations but distinct games. Others still have adapted to the unavailability of full-sized cricket fields. Other variations include children's games, contests or activities intended to help the player practice or reinforce skills, which may or may not have a competitive aspect.
Most of the variations are played in informal settings, without the presence of umpires and sometimes without strict adherence to official game rules.
Participatory varieties
Auskick
Auskick is a program developed in Australia in the 1980s and promote participation in Australian rules football amongst children, particularly of primary school age and under. It has proven to be popular with both boys and girls. At its peak in the mid-1990s there were around 200,000 Auskick participants annually. The program is now run throughout the world, including several locally branded variations such as: "Kiwi Kick" (AFL New Zealand), "Niukick" (Papua New Guinea), "Footy Wild" (South Africa), "Bula Kick" (Fiji), "Viking Kick" (Denmark) and "Ausball" (United States) among others.
Auskick has its roots in the Little League which began to be played at half time during VFL matches in the 1960s and was revised in 1980 to make it more accessible. Little League was expanded by Ray Allsop into a state development program called Vickick begun in Victoria in 1985. Urged by former player David Parkin in 1995 as a means of keeping the sport viable long term in the Australian Capital Territory it was adopted by the AFL Commission the national governing body for the sport, which began to roll it out nationally from 1998. Numerous professional players are graduates of the Auskick program.
Women's Australian rules football
Women's Australian rules football is a fast-growing variation played by all-female teams that dates back to the 1910s. Since 2010, it has also been governed by the AFL Commission. Its highest levels of competition are the professional AFL Women's club competition in Australia and the Australian Football International Cup (women's division) worldwide representative competition.
The women's game is also a contact sport, however over the course of its history it is sometimes played with modified rules including different player numbers (16 a side + 5 interchange), a smaller ball, and increased tackling restrictions. The women's variation is strongest in Australia (there are strong second level competitions in all Australian states), Ireland, Canada, the United States, United Kingdom, New Zealand and Japan and is also played at junior level in these and many other countries.
Amateurs
The Amateur version of the game is mostly similar though its main differences are that it strictly forbids player payments and has some rule variations which encourage participation for amateur players. Amateurs is strongest in the heartland states of the sport in Australia: Victoria, South Australia and Western Australia, though there are competitions in most Australian states. The Amateur version is governed by the Australian Amateur Football Council. Notable rule differences include the order-off rule which has been a feature of play since the 1930s, and the use of a shorter distance penalty, the 25-metre penalty, among others, including shorter quarters and increased numbers of interchange players for some grades. The Australian Football International Cup, while being run by the AFL Commission, has for most of its history been aligned with Amateur rules acknowleding the fact that most of the leagues outside of Australia were until recently dominated by amateur players.
Masters Australian Football
Masters Australian Football (also known as "Superules" or derisively as "Superfools") is an amateur social variation for players aged 35 years and over. The sport first commenced officially on 21 September 1980 in Ballarat, Victoria. Masters matches are typically classified by age grades: Supers (35+ years); Masters: (40+ years) and Seniors: (45+ years); Super Seniors (50+) and Super Veterans (55+) and some matches either do or don't allow mixing between these age groups. Masters leagues often also incorporate rules from Amateurs football.
The game varies from open age football particular in modifications aimed at reduce the physical impact of the game on older players and reduce the volunteer burden on officials. Umpires do not bounce the ball and there are often no boundary umpires. There are less interchange restrictions and players are not permitted to raise their knees in aerial contests, or make contact with the knee or boot, which could potentially damage the weaker backs of older players.
Some Masters competitions add bonus points for a long range Super goal (9 points 6 plus 3 behinds).
It is played by over 119 teams throughout Australia and around the world. There is also an Australian National Championships, while internationally, Masters is more often be played in the Nines (9-a-side) format.
Lightning football
Lightning football is a generic term to describe variations of the game played over a shortened length, usually about half of the length of a full match. Lightning football may be played under otherwise unchanged rules, but in recent lightning matches staged by the AFL, experimental rules such as awarding a free kick against the last player to touch the ball before it goes out of bounds have been trialled.
Lightning matches are often used, particularly at junior or amateur level, to play an entire tournament inside a single day or weekend. These tournaments are typically known as "lightning premierships" or "lightning carnivals".
During the COVID-19 pandemic the AFL significantly shortened premiership matches for the 2020 AFL season arguing it needed to for its pandemic fixture scheduling leading to some branding the 16 minute quarter format 'fast food footy'. Some argued the AFL's move was an effort to make the game more appealing to the media and fans. Nevertheless, the move was criticised and the AFL reverted to the full length format for the 2021 AFL season.
Modified field or player numbers
9-a-side
9-a-side Footy is played informally by Aussie Rules clubs but not yet an official sport in its own right. The AFL sanctioned version is known as "AFL 9s".
9-a-side games are sometimes played on half size fields that are typically rectangular with 9 players on the field at any one time, typically consisting of three forwards, three backs and three centre players. Often two games are played at the same time on a single Australian rules or cricket field. At other times, 9-a-side makes use of the full space of the field when a full complement of players is not available. This variety is a more open and running variety of Australian rules.
A minimum of 18 players are required in total, but many teams field unlimited interchange benches.
Rules are the same as Australian rules football. Limited and non-contact versions of 9-a-side football are also played by both men's and women's leagues.
Examples of official tournaments held under these rules include the EU Cup and Bali Nines.
AFLX
Another prominent variation of the game is AFLX. The game is played on soccer-sized pitches and features seven players a side, as well as several other rules designed to speed up the game. Between 2018 and 2019 it was used in an official Australian Football League sanctioned pre-season event.
Samoa Rules
Samoa Rules is a game derived from Australian rules football that has also been played in Samoa. The game is played on rugby fields and each team consists of 15 players per side.
Unlike Australian rules football, player movement is restricted to zones (similarly to Rec Footy). There is a line across the centre that backs and forwards can not cross. Onballers are allowed to go anywhere.
The Vailima Six-Shooters' Championship began in Samoa in 1998 under these rules, becoming known as "Samoa Rules". A number of Samoa Rules players went on to represent Samoa in the Samoan national Australian rules football team, known as the "Bulldogs".
Metro Footy
Metro Footy (or Metro Rules Footy) is a modified version of Australian rules football rules played on gridiron football, rugby or Association football fields, predominantly in the United States of America. The reasons for the development of Metro Footy was partly due to there being few grounds large enough for traditional Australian rules matches, but also to allow competitive football to be played with smaller playing numbers, allowing for better recruitment possibilities.
Teams typically consist of 9-a-side on a field. The teams that play feed into larger 18-a-side Australian rules representative teams that participate in leagues such as the MAAFL or tournaments such as the USAFL National Championships and also provide the opportunity to introduce new American players to the game of Australian rules football.
Several clubs from the United States Australian Football League participate in Metro Footy.
Historical variations
VFA rules (1938–1949)
VFA rules (or "Association rules" or "throw-pass rules") variation of Australian rules football was a distinct set of rules which was played in the Victorian Football Association, and several other smaller competitions which elected to switch to the new rules, between 1938 and 1949. Although there were several other small differences between the VFA's rules and the national rules, the primary distinguishing feature was that throwing the ball from below the shoulders with two hands was a legal form of handpass – known as a throw-pass – under the VFA's rules. The ease of throw-passing compared with traditional handpassing resulted in the VFA's code fostering a faster playing style with fewer stoppages and more run-and-carry than was seen under the traditional rules at the time. The VFA's code operated as a rival to the national code throughout the 1940s, and some innovations of the VFA's code were incorporated into the national code over that time. The VFA reverted to playing under the national rules from the 1950 season, and the throw-pass rules have not been seen since.
Recreational varieties
AFL 9s
AFL 9s is the AFL's official touch Nine-a-side footy variant since 2016 addressing many of the criticisms of the earlier Rec Footy. It varies from Australian Rules Football mainly in that it is played with 9 players on a smaller field with a smaller ball, rewards female players in mixed competition for example with a higher score for goals, the ball must not touch the ground, marking is protected by a drop-zone and only designated forwards can kick goals. It allows running with the ball (limited to one running bounce) and freedom of movement around the field giving athletes more opportunity to have an impact on the game and compensate for lower skill level of other players. AFL 9s offers mixed, as well as all-male and all-female competitions to lower the barriers to entry for participation. As a recreational game AFL 9s has proved popular with both new and established Australian rules players with 24,032 participants in Australia in 2019 at least a third of which are female. Its popularity as a social game with Australian rules players is such that ex-professional players are sometimes seen participating in social competitions.
Force Back
Force Back (also known as Force 'em back, Force Them Back, Forcing Back, Forcey Backs or Forcings Back) is a game played by school students usually in primary, middle or high school, particularly in Australia and New Zealand, at lunch or recess as a codified variant of kick-to-kick. It is played with football (typically oblique spheroid shaped or sometimes round). While not officially an Australian rules football variant it shares a significant skill set with Australian rules football including kicking, aim, distance control, running and catching and is often played with an Australian rules ball. The rules are usually modified by students themselves, depending on what environment they are playing on. While there are no standard rules, the game is increasingly codified and endorsed as a recreational school age game by various sports bodies including the Australian Football League and AFL New Zealand.
Rec Footy
Recreational Football (also known as Rec Footy or Recreational Footy) was a non-contact version sanctioned by the AFL first codified in 2003. Rec Footy was played by 8 a side with players confined to 3 zones wearing bibs to signify their zone, the ball had to move through all 3 zones in order to score and only forwards could score. Tags were used to substitute tackling and players when marking were allocated a drop-zone which opponents could not enter. If the ball hit the ground, it would be a turnover to the opposite team of the player who last touched it. Players could take a maximum of 3 steps before disposing of the ball. Rec Footy was heavily criticised mainly by Australian rules players for appearing similar to netball, too restrictive on movement by enforcing strict zones and field positions, penalising athletes and reducing fitness benefits, lacking the ability for skilled footballers to use skills like bouncing and long kicking and play naturally whilst also penalising newer unskilled players with frequent turnovers. Falling participation rates and a large increase in Australian football female contact participation led to social competitions being restructured and rebranded as AFL 9s in 2011.
Kick-to-Kick
Kick-to-kick is a pastime, a well-known tradition of Australian rules football fans, and a recognised Australian term for kick and catch type games. A common format is for one person in a group to kick to a second group; whoever marks the ball kicks it back to the first group. In its "markers up" form, it is the usual casual version of Australian rules (similar to the relationship between backyard/beach cricket and the established forms of cricket).
Although not a sport in itself, the term is used to describe a social exercise played in parks, fields, streets and back yards, and requires at least two people.
Touch Aussie Rules
Touch Aussie Rules is a non-tackle variation played in London, UK and was organised by Aussie Rules UK.
All skills are used in Touch Aussie Rules, including kicking, marking, handballing and bouncing.
Hybrid codes
International Rules Football
International rules football (; also known as inter rules in Australia and compromise rules in Ireland) is a hybrid code of football, which was first codified in 1967 to facilitate international representative matches between Australian rules football players and Gaelic football players and is played between them worldwide.
Austus
Austus is a sport which was started in Australia during World War II when United States soldiers wanted to play football against the Australians. The game combined features of Australian rules football and American football. The rules of the game were mostly the same as Australian rules football, except that the American-style forward pass was allowed and afforded the same benefits as an Australian rules football kick, meaning that a thrown ball could be marked or used to score goals. The name comes from the first four letters of Australia (AUST) and the initials of the United States (US). The game has rarely, if ever, been played since the war.
Samoan rules
A hybrid of rugby union and Aussie rules.
Universal Football
Universal football was a proposed hybrid sport of Australian rules football and rugby league, as a means of unifying Australia under a single dominant football code. First codified in 1914, the game was originally designed to be played by teams of 15 on rectangular fields with rugby-style goalposts featuring a crossbar. The off-side rules of rugby league applied within in the forward quarter of the ground and did not apply elsewhere. Handpasses, which included throws, could only be made backwards. Rugby scrums were eliminated and replaced with the Australian rules football style ball-up. Players could be tackled anywhere between the knee and the shoulders. The Australian rules style of mark was kept. Tries were worth three points, conversions and goals from marks kicked over the crossbar were worth one point, and goals kicked on the run were worth two points.
There was some progress towards amalgamating the two sports in 1915, but these were halted by the escalation of World War I and the new code was not revived after the war ended. The concept was briefly revisited in 1933 with similar rules, and a private trial match was played at the Sydney Showground, but it did not result in a lasting revival of the concept which has not been seen since.
References
Australian rules football |
17333598 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blaque%20by%20Popular%20Demand | Blaque by Popular Demand | Blaque By Popular Demand is a ten track compilation album of Blaque's most popular songs. Some of the group's hit singles, ("808", "As If", "Bring It All to Me", and "Can't Get It Back") along with four selected tracks from their self-titled debut album and two remixes were featured on the compilation. Physical copies of the compilation were released to selected marketing stores such as Circuit City and were sold online via Amazon.
Track listing
3 Radio edit
Blaque albums
2007 compilation albums |
23573414 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Beatles%20in%20Mono | The Beatles in Mono | The Beatles in Mono is a boxed set compilation comprising the remastered monaural recordings by the Beatles. The set was released on compact disc on 9 September 2009, the same day the remastered stereo recordings and companion The Beatles (The Original Studio Recordings) were also released, along with The Beatles: Rock Band video game. The remastering project for both mono and stereo versions was led by EMI senior studio engineers Allan Rouse and Guy Massey. The release date of 09/09/09 is related to the significance to John Lennon of the number nine.
The boxed set was released on 180-gram heavyweight vinyl on 8 September 2014, mastered directly from the original analogue tapes and not the digital masters used for the CD release.
Intention
The Beatles in Mono was released to reflect the fact that most of the Beatles' catalogue was originally mixed and released in the monophonic format. Stereo recordings were a fairly new concept for pop music in the 1960s and did not become standard until late in that decade. This explains why the Beatles' initial album releases were mixed for mono. By the late sixties, however, stereo recording for pop music was becoming more popular and, thus, the new standard. Therefore, the last few Beatles albums—Yellow Submarine, Abbey Road and Let It Be—were mixed and released only in stereo. Many feel that the mono mixes reflect the true intention of the band. For example, in the case of Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, all the mono mixes were done together with the Beatles themselves, throughout the recording of the album, whereas the stereo mixes were done in only six days by Abbey Road personnel George Martin, Geoff Emerick and Richard Lush after the album had been finished, with none of the Beatles attending. George Harrison commented:
John Lennon did not like the stereo mix of his song "Revolution" on the 1967-1970 compilation album. Lennon stated during a 1974 interview:
Limited edition
Amazon.com advertised the set as a limited edition item in the United States. Less than a month prior to the set's release it was announced that the site had sold out of units. Less than two weeks before 9 September, many other online retailers announced the selling out of units from their inventories, including the Canadian Amazon.ca site.
EMI announced on 3 September that more mono boxed sets were to be pressed due to high demand from online pre-orders. It is still to remain a "limited edition", but since it has already been certified platinum by the RIAA it was not limited to 10,000 copies as originally stated. As of July 2018, the CD set is still readily available; however, the vinyl box set is out of print. Individual mono albums on vinyl still available are Rubber Soul, Revolver, The Beatles and Mono Masters, a 3-LP set of singles.
Five years after the initial CD release, mono editions of each of the albums are available individually in the vinyl format, though the mono editions for CD are still available only in the box set. All of the American albums can be had on CD individually in mono paired with the original stereo mixes; this is the only other way to acquire the mono mixes on CD.
Disc listing
The thirteen-disc (fourteen on LP) collection contains the remastered mono versions of every Beatles album released in true mono. The original 1965 stereo mixes of Help! and Rubber Soul are included on the CD version as bonuses on their respective albums. (In 1986 both albums had been remixed by George Martin for their CD release in 1987.) The box contains a new two-disc compilation album titled Mono Masters, which compiles all the mono mixes of singles, B-sides and EP tracks that did not originally appear on any of the UK albums or Magical Mystery Tour.
Please Please Me (1963)
With the Beatles (1963)
A Hard Day's Night (1964)
Beatles for Sale (1964)
Help! (1965)
Rubber Soul (1965)
Revolver (1966)
Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (1967)
Magical Mystery Tour (1967)
The Beatles (1968)
Mono Masters (1962–1970)
The albums Yellow Submarine, Abbey Road and Let It Be are not included in this set, as no true mono mixes of these albums were issued. The same holds true for the songs "The Ballad of John and Yoko", "Old Brown Shoe" and the single mix of "Let It Be", which were also omitted. A mono version of the Yellow Submarine album was released in the UK, but it was simply a fold-down (two stereo channels combined into one channel) from the stereo mix, not a unique and separate mono mix. Abbey Road and Let It Be were issued in the UK in mono on reel-to-reel tape and on LP in Brazil and other countries but, again, only as fold-downs from the respective stereo versions.
The previously unavailable true mono mixes of the four new Beatles songs released on the Yellow Submarine album ("Only a Northern Song", "All Together Now", "Hey Bulldog" and "It's All Too Much"), originally intended for a separate, but ultimately scrapped mono EP which would have also included a mono mix of "Across the Universe", are included on the Mono Masters compilation. Also omitted from this set, but included in the stereo box set, is a DVD containing the mini-documentaries included with the stereo remasters of the different albums.
The "White Album" was originally released in mono and stereo in the UK and several other countries, but in the United States, it was released only in stereo. However, the mono mixes of "Don't Pass Me By" and "Helter Skelter" had been previously issued in the US in 1980 on the Capitol Records Rarities compilation album.
All CDs replicate their original album labels as first released, from the various Parlophone Records label variations, to the Capitol Records label (for Magical Mystery Tour) and the UK Apple Records side A and B labels for discs 1 and 2 respectively for The Beatles. For Mono Masters, disc 1 uses a mid-1960s Parlophone label design and disc 2 uses the unsliced Apple label design. All vinyl labels use the Apple label design.
The CD set also includes a 44-page booklet which includes an essay on the important role that the mono mixes played in the Beatles' recording career, notes on every track featured in Mono Masters, and a track-by-track listing of the recordings. The vinyl set includes a 108-page book which also includes many rare photographs of the Beatles in Abbey Road Studio, fascinating EMI archive documents and evocative articles sourced from 1960s publications.
Chart performance
The set debuted at number 40 on Billboard's Top 200 chart and the magazine reported that 12,000 copies were sold in its first week of release. In Japan, it debuted at number 10, selling over 20,000 copies in its first week on the Oricon album charts. The set was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America in April 2010.
References
External links
The Beatles official website press release
Details of remasters reported in Chicago
Albums produced by George Martin
The Beatles compilation albums
2009 compilation albums
Capitol Records compilation albums
Apple Records compilation albums
Albums arranged by George Martin
Albums arranged by Paul McCartney
Albums conducted by George Martin
Albums conducted by Paul McCartney
Albums arranged by Mike Leander
Albums arranged by George Harrison
Albums conducted by George Harrison
Albums arranged by John Lennon
Albums conducted by John Lennon
Reissue albums
Compilation albums published posthumously |
17333620 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venus%20Smiles | Venus Smiles | "Venus Smiles" is a short story by British author J. G. Ballard. Originally titled "Mobile", it appeared in the June 1957 edition of Science Fantasy (Volume 8, Number 23). It was then rewritten and appeared in the Vermilion Sands (1971) collection under its new name and later The Complete Short Stories of J. G. Ballard (2006).
Like the rest of the Vermilion Sands collection, this story takes place in the fictional desert town of Vermilion Sands, and also features exotic technology.
Plot
"Venus Smiles" concerns the events surrounding a musical sculpture commissioned to be placed in the centre of Vermilion Sands. On the day of the unveiling, the statue causes outrage with the public — as well as being aesthetically unpleasing, the music emitted from the sculpture tends to lean towards middle-eastern style quarter tones and is unpleasing to the ear. Instead of being scrapped, Mr Hamilton, one of the board members who commissioned it, decides to follow the wishes of the woman who sculpted it, and take it back to his home that he shares with his secretary.
At first the narrator, Hamilton, finds the statue looks quite pleasant in his garden, and likes the new melodic classical music it starts to produce. One day, Hamilton and his secretary discover the statue is gently vibrating and moving, and the metal seems to be twisting and turning. As days continue to pass, they find the statue growing increasingly in height and girth, to an extent that is now twice its original size, and the twisting and forming of the new metal is developing at noticeable speed.
After the statue has taken over the garden, the main characters and others begin to strip the metal off, which proves difficult as the rate at which the metal grows is the same as they can dismantle it. Eventually, the sculpture is completely demolished and the metal sold to a scrap yard.
A legal battle then ensues, when the woman who originally sculpted the statue sues the board for damaging her reputation by openly and ungainly destroying one of her works. When the ruling is finally made in her favour, ten months have passed. When the lead characters have left the court building they remark on the fact that it is new and yet to be completed — unplastered walls are visible and metal beams protrude from the building. The story ends when the narrator and supporting characters discover the unusual vibrations coming from the beams, and realise with horror that the statue's old metal has been recycled and distributed around Vermilion Sands in new buildings and motor vehicles. Mr Hamilton remarks to his secretary, "Carol, it's only just the beginning. The whole world will be singing."
References
External links
Short stories by J. G. Ballard
1971 short stories
Works originally published in Science Fantasy (magazine) |
23573417 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Adolph%20Gad | Peter Adolph Gad | Peter Adolph Rostgaard Bruun Gad (25 November 1846 – 26 February 1907) was a Danish ophthalmologist who founded the first eye infirmary of São Paulo city, Brazil, at the "Santa Casa de Sao Paulo" hospital, in 1885. This eye infirmary became the first ophthalmology school of São Paulo. Doctor Gad also worked in Rio de Janeiro and Copenhagen.
References
1846 births
1907 deaths
Danish ophthalmologists |
17333631 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy%20Sladen%20Memorial%20Trust | Percy Sladen Memorial Trust | The Percy Sladen Memorial Trust is a trust fund administered by the Linnean Society of London for the support of scientific research. It was endowed by Constance Sladen, who was married to the marine biologist Percy Sladen (1849–1900), in his memory.
The Trust has in general been devoted to the support of field work. Major scientific expeditions that have been funded under the Trust include:
the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean (1905)
the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to Melanesia;
the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to West Africa;
the Percy Sladen Trust Expeditions to the Abrolhos Islands (1913,1915);
the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to Lake Titicaca (1937)
Other uses of the fund include a grant to the Royal Albert Memorial Museum in Exeter, towards curation of the Sladen Collection of echinoderms.
References
Linnean Society of London
Wills and trusts in the United Kingdom |
17333632 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defiance%20%28EP%29 | Defiance (EP) | Defiance is the self-titled debut EP by the American anarcho street punk band Defiance, released on Consensus Reality Records on 1994.
Track listing
A side
Too Close to Being Over – 2:18
Affect Change – 2:29
B side
Fodder – 2:50
Burn – 4:10
Defiance (punk band) albums
1994 EPs |
6900027 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adnan%20%C4%8Custovi%C4%87 | Adnan Čustović | Adnan Čustović (born 16 April 1978) is a Bosnian professional football manager and former player, currently managing Kortrijk.
Club career
Čustović started his career at local side Velež Mostar in 1991, before joining Slovenian Second League team Triglav Kranj in 1996. He later moved to France, where he played for Ligue 1 and Ligue 2 teams Le Havre, Laval and Amiens. On 21 December 2005, after three years, he left Mouscron and moved to Gent.
In 2010, Čustović joined Germinal Beerschot, who loaned him out to the successor of his previous club Mouscron, namely Mouscron-Péruwelz in 2012. After the loan, he left for Belgian Second Division team Tournai. Čustović finished his playing career at Tournai in 2014, retiring at the age of 36.
International career
Čustović made his debut for the Bosnia and Herzegovina national team against Norway on 24 March 2007. On 2 June 2007, he experienced his first notable moment for the national team by scoring his first international goal when he headed the winner over Turkey from a corner kick taken by Mirko Hrgović.
He has earned a total of 5 caps, scoring 1 goal. His final international was a September 2007 European Championship qualification match against Moldova.
International goals
Managerial career
Early career
Right after finishing his playing career, Čustović started his managerial career. From 2014 to 2015, he was the assistant manager at Kortrijk and then from 2015 to 2017, Čustović was assistant at Oostende.
Oostende
In September 2017, Yves Vanderhaeghe, Oostende manager at the time, was sacked after a poor start to the season when the club collected only one point in seven games and were bottom of the league. Čustović was named interim manager of Oostende, but after two wins and one draw in three games, thus collecting seven points in those three games, he was given a full contract, which was to last until the end of the season. At the end of the season, the club avoided relegation and Čustović was praised by fans as a result. He left the club after the end of the season.
Waasland-Beveren
On 17 November 2018, Čustović was appointed as the new manager of Waasland-Beveren. His first match in charge was a league game at home to Royal Excel Mouscron on 24 November 2018, which ended in a 1–2 loss. Čustović's most memorable moment at the club was a 2–1 victory over league champions Club Brugge on 7 December 2018. Following a bad start to the 2019–20 season, he was relieved of his duties on 26 August 2019.
Bosnia and Herzegovina
On 25 January 2020, Čustović was named as an assistant of Bosnia and Herzegovina national team head coach Dušan Bajević.
Return to Oostende
On 4 March 2020, Čustović was once again appointed as the manager of Oostende. After only one game as Oostende's manager, he was released by the club on 7 June 2020.
Managerial statistics
Honours
Player
Triglav Kranj
Slovenian Second League: 1997–98
Gent
Belgian Cup: 2009–10
Mouscron-Péruwelz
Belgian Third Division A: 2011–12
References
External links
1978 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Mostar
Association football forwards
Bosnia and Herzegovina footballers
Bosnia and Herzegovina international footballers
NK Triglav Kranj players
Le Havre AC players
Stade Lavallois players
Amiens SC players
Royal Excel Mouscron players
K.A.A. Gent players
Beerschot A.C. players
R.F.C. Tournai players
Slovenian Second League players
Ligue 1 players
Ligue 2 players
Belgian First Division A players
Belgian First Division B players
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Slovenia
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate sportspeople in Slovenia
Expatriate footballers in France
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate sportspeople in France
Expatriate footballers in Belgium
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate sportspeople in Belgium
Bosnia and Herzegovina football managers
K.V. Oostende managers
S.K. Beveren managers
K.V. Kortrijk managers
Belgian First Division A managers
Bosnia and Herzegovina expatriate football managers
Expatriate football managers in Belgium
Shanghai Port F.C. non-playing staff |
17333634 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud%20County%20Veterans%20Memorial | Cloud County Veterans Memorial | The Cloud County Veterans Memorial is a monument located in Concordia, Kansas. The memorial includes an eternal flame that has been burning since the monument was established on November 11, 1968. The memorial is located in the northwest corner of the county courthouse square.
The engraved plaque on the memorial reads:
Image gallery
References
External links
Cloud County Tourism page
Buildings and structures in Cloud County, Kansas
Monuments and memorials in Kansas
Tourist attractions in Cloud County, Kansas |
20465821 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20GMTV%20presenters%20and%20reporters | List of GMTV presenters and reporters | List of GMTV presenters and reporters shows the on air team for the various shows broadcast by GMTV on ITV between 1 January 1993 and 3 September 2010. At this point GMTV was replaced by ITV Breakfast and Daybreak was launched, with new shows and presenters.
Presenters
Programme presenters
Newsreaders
Weather presenters
Sport presenters
Children's presenters
Guest presenters
Correspondents and reporters
Experts
References
External links
GMTV
itv.com
Presenters
GMTV
fr:GMTV
nl:GMTV |
6900028 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Witch%20Tree%20Symbol | The Witch Tree Symbol | The Witch Tree Symbol is the thirty-third volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1955 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was Stratemeyer Syndicate executive, Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot summary
When a neighbor asks Nancy Drew to accompany her to an old uninhabited mansion, a new mystery opens up, and danger lurks on the second floor. Nancy finds a witch tree symbol that leads her to Pennsylvania Dutch country in pursuit of a cunning and ruthless thief.
The friendly welcome the young detective and her friends Bess and George receive from the Amish people soon changes to hostility when it is rumored that Nancy is a witch! Superstition helps her adversary in his attempt to get her off his trail, but Nancy does not give up. She persistently uncovers one clue after another.
Nancy's intelligence and sleuthing ability finally lead to the solution of this puzzling case.
Adaptation
The 33rd installment in the Nancy Drew point-and-click adventure game series by Her Interactive, named Nancy Drew: Midnight in Salem, is loosely based on the novel.
The title was also used for a 2022 episode of the CW's Nancy Drew series.
References
Nancy Drew books
1955 American novels
1955 children's books
Novels set in Pennsylvania
Amish in popular culture
Grosset & Dunlap books
Children's mystery novels |
17333640 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaubears%20Island | Beaubears Island | Beaubears Island () is an island at the confluence of the Northwest Miramichi and Southwest Miramichi Rivers near Miramichi, New Brunswick. The island is most famous for being the site of an Acadian refugee camp during the French and Indian War. The camp was under the command of leader of the Acadian resistance to the expulsion, Charles Deschamps de Boishébert et de Raffetot.
The island is home to two National Historic Sites:
Beaubears Island Shipbuilding National Historic Site and
Boishébert National Historic Site
The shipbuilding site occupies the eastern end of the island, while the Boishébert site comprises the rest of the island and adjacent Wilson's Point. The Wilson's Point portion is a New Brunswick provincial historic site, owned by the province and, while not national park land, Wilson's Point is part of the designated National Historic Site. With the exception of Wilson's Point, both sites are administered by Parks Canada in collaboration with the Friends of Beaubears Island. The sites retain 200-year-old Eastern White Pines; thus the parks are significant from the perspectives of both human and natural history.
History
Prior to Acadian settlement in the region, the Mi'kmaq people camped on the island.
Boishébert and the Acadians
During the French and Indian War, Charles Deschamps de Boishébert et de Raffetot led the Acadian and Mi`kmaq resistance to the Expulsion of the Acadians. Toward this end, to help Acadians evade capture, Boishébert set up an Acadian refugee camp on the Island. The Camp was named Camp de l' Esperance. The camp lasted between 1756 - 1759.
After Louisbourg fell on 26 July 1758, French officer Boishébert withdrew, with the British in pursuit. Boishebert brought back a large number of Acadians from the region around Port-Toulouse (St. Peter's, Nova Scotia) to the security of his post at Beaubears Island on the Miramichi River.
During the Ile Saint-Jean Campaign and the St. John River Campaign the number of Acadian refugees increased dramatically. The camp had eventually 900 French refugees. Over 200 of the refugees died at the camp. During the war, the camp was protected by a battery of 16 French cannons at French Fort Cove.
During the Gulf of St. Lawrence Campaign, on September 15, 1758, Brigadier James Murray was at Miramichi and discovered that there were many Acadian refugees at a settlement about ten leagues up the Miramichi River which had fled during the Ile Saint-Jean Campaign. According to Murray, all of the Acadians were starving. They had sent most of their effects on to Canada and expected so to go there themselves.
Beaubears (Boishébert) Island and nearby Wilson's Point (a.k.a. Beaubears Point or the Enclosure) together form Boishébert National Historic Site of Canada.
J. Leonard O'Brien and Shipbuilding
The first shipyard was established by James Fraser and James Thom (1790). For the first half of the eighteenth century, the Fraser shipyard was considered the most important commercial establishment in New Brunswick. The 1850s were regarded as the golden age of Miramichi shipbuilding with yards in operation from Beaubears Island. Harley continued to build ships and in 1866 launched what is believed to be the last vessel constructed at Beaubears, the barque La Plata.
By the end of the 19th century, the island appears to have been deserted. It was acquired by the O'Brien family in 1920 and willed to the government of Canada in 1973 following the death of Joseph Leonard O'Brien, a former lieutenant governor of New Brunswick.
Beaubears Island Shipbuilding National Historic Site of Canada, also known as J. Leonard O'Brien Memorial, is the only known, undisturbed archaeological site associated with the national significance of the 19th century wooden shipbuilding industry in New Brunswick. In accordance with O'Brien's wishes, the island was willed to Parks Canada and remains an integral part of Canadian history as a whole.
Affiliations
The Museum is affiliated with: CMA, CHIN, and Virtual Museum of Canada.
See also
List of communities in New Brunswick
List of islands of New Brunswick
References
External links
http://www.beaubearsisland.ca/
Ship Building - National Historic Site
Geography of Northumberland County, New Brunswick
National Historic Sites in New Brunswick
Acadian history
Conflicts in Nova Scotia
River islands of New Brunswick
Tourist attractions in Northumberland County, New Brunswick |
6900039 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Hidden%20Window%20Mystery | The Hidden Window Mystery | The Hidden Window Mystery is the thirty-fourth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1956 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot
Nancy and her friends, Bess and George travel to Charlottesville, Virginia in search for a missing stained-glass window. They also visit Richmond, Virginia, and the church where Patrick Henry gave his "Give me liberty or give me death" speech. The girls stay with Nancy's cousin Susan. Nancy discovers someone is trying to keep her away from Charlottesville. The mansion they are staying at is said to be haunted by a mysterious ghost. Also Nancy's new neighbors' brother, Alonzo Rugby, is in Charlottesville and is a major suspect in this mystery.
Nancy Drew books
1956 American novels
1956 children's books
Novels set in Virginia
Grosset & Dunlap books
Children's mystery novels |
6900061 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Secret%20of%20the%20Golden%20Pavilion | The Secret of the Golden Pavilion | The Secret of the Golden Pavilion is the thirty-sixth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1959 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot summary
Nancy, Bess, and George travel to Hawaii to solve an interesting puzzle involving an old golden pavilion. They are then set to find a trio of art thieves. They help find a Chinese man's treasure.
Carson Drew is asked by Mr. Sakamaki to solve the mystery of the estate, Kaluakua, that he inherited from his grandfather. The estate is located in Hawaii and has a secret. Sakamaki was warned never to sell the estate until he learns its secret.
Complicating the situation, a brother and sister have suddenly appeared, claiming to be heirs to the estate. Also, somebody has been hacking at the floor of the Golden Pavilion, which is a circular open building on the estate.
References
Nancy Drew books
1959 American novels
1959 children's books
Novels set in Hawaii
Grosset & Dunlap books
Children's mystery novels |
20465833 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breaking%20the%20Habit%20%28film%29 | Breaking the Habit (film) | Breaking the Habit is a 1964 American animated short documentary film directed by John Korty about cigarette smoking and lung cancer. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short.
Content
Two men are discussing about the benefits of giving up smoking, while themselves puffing cigarettes.
Production
Freelance animator Korty moved to Stinson Beach, California, where one day he met sound artist Henry Jacobs who had prepared the soundtrack for a future short film about smoking, sponsored by the California division of American Cancer Society. Korty began work on the film under his own company Korty Films, employing cutout animation, conceptualized the characters and prepared the animation frames in his home studio and finally shooting them using a homemade camera stand. Modern Talking Picture Service distributed the film.
Reception
Described variously as "[d]one in semi-surrealistic style" and having "deadpan dialogue with a minimalist animation style", Breaking the Habit received a nomination at the 37th Academy Awards in the Best Documentary (Short Subject) category but lost to Nine from Little Rock. An article in The Kingston Daily Freeman stated that the film "reveals both the danger and the essential silliness of smoking".
The Washington State Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction included Breaking the Habit in its list of prescribed films to be shown in schools to discourage smoking and creating awareness regarding medical issues caused by it. It was also screened at the 1st Chicago Film Festival held in 1965, the following year's Melbourne International Film Festival and won a Silver Award at the San Francisco International Film Festival. The soundtrack of the film was included in the album The Wide Weird World of Henry Jacobs. , the Academy Film Archive was working on restoring the short film.
References
External links
1964 films
1964 documentary films
1964 short films
1960s English-language films
1960s animated short films
1960s short documentary films
American short documentary films
American social guidance and drug education films
Documentary films about cancer
Films directed by John Korty
Smoking cessation
American animated short films
1960s American films |
17333662 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stern | Stern | The stern is the back or aft-most part of a ship or boat, technically defined as the area built up over the sternpost, extending upwards from the counter rail to the taffrail. The stern lies opposite the bow, the foremost part of a ship. Originally, the term only referred to the aft port section of the ship, but eventually came to refer to the entire back of a vessel. The stern end of a ship is indicated with a white navigation light at night.
Sterns on European and American wooden sailing ships began with two principal forms: the square or transom stern and the elliptical, fantail, or merchant stern, and were developed in that order. The hull sections of a sailing ship located before the stern were composed of a series of U-shaped rib-like frames set in a sloped or "cant" arrangement, with the last frame before the stern being called the fashion timber(s) or fashion piece(s), so called for "fashioning" the after part of the ship. This frame is designed to support the various beams that make up the stern.
In 1817 the British naval architect Sir Robert Seppings introduced the concept of the round or circular stern. The square stern had been an easy target for enemy cannon, and could not support the weight of heavy stern chase guns. But Seppings' design left the rudder head exposed, and was regarded by many as simply ugly—no American warships were designed with such sterns, and the round stern was quickly superseded by the elliptical stern. The United States began building the first elliptical stern warship in 1820, a decade before the British. became the first sailing ship to sport such a stern. Though a great improvement over the transom stern in terms of its vulnerability to attack when under fire, elliptical sterns still had obvious weaknesses which the next major stern development — the iron-hulled cruiser stern — addressed far better and with significantly different materials.
Types
Transom
In naval architecture, the term transom has two meanings. First, it can be any of the individual beams that run side-to-side or "athwart" the hull at any point abaft the fashion timber; second, it can refer specifically to the flat or slightly curved surface that is the very back panel of a transom stern. In this sense, a transom stern is the product of the use of a series of transoms, and hence the two terms have blended.
The stern of a classical sailing ship housed the captain's quarters and became increasingly large and elaborate between the 15th and 18th centuries, especially in the baroque era, when such wedding-cake-like structures became so heavy that crews sometimes threw the decoration overboard rather than be burdened with its useless weight. Until a new form of stern appeared in the 19th century, the transom stern was a floating house—and required just as many timbers, walls, windows, and frames. The stern frame provided the foundational structure of the transom stern, and was composed of the sternpost, wing transom, and fashion piece.
Abaft the fashion timber, the transom stern was composed of two different kinds of timbers:
Transoms – These timbers extend across the low parts of the hull near the rudder, and are secured (notched and/or bolted) to the sternpost. The transom located at the base of the stern, and the uppermost of the main transoms, was typically called the wing transom; the principal transom below this and level with the lower deck was called the deck transom; between these two were a series of filling transoms. If the stern had transoms above the wing transom, they would no longer be affixed to the sternpost. The first of these might be called a counter transom; next up was the window sill transom; above that, the spar deck transom. The larger the vessel, the more numerous and wider the transoms required to support its stern.
Stern timbers (also called stern frames) – These timbers are mounted vertically in a series; each timber typically rests or "steps" on the wing transom and then stretches out (aft) and upward. Those not reaching all the way to the taffrail are called short stern timbers, while those that do are called long stern timbers. The two outermost of these timbers, located at the corners of the stern, are called the side-counter timbers or outer stern timbers. It is the stern timbers collectively which determine the backward slope of the square stern, called its rake – that is, if the stern timbers end up producing a final transom that falls vertically to the water, this is considered a transom with no rake; if the stern timbers produce a stern with some degree of slope; such a stern is considered a raked stern.
The flat surface of any transom stern may begin either at or above the waterline of the vessel. The geometric line which stretches from the wing transom to the archboard is called the counter; a large vessel may have two such counters, called a lower counter and a second or upper counter. The lower counter stretches from directly above the wing transom to the lower counter rail, and the upper counter from the lower counter rail to the upper counter rail, immediately under the stern's lowest set of windows (which in naval parlance were called "lights").
Elliptical
The visual unpopularity of Seppings's circular stern was soon rectified by Sir William Symonds. In this revised stern, a set of straight post timbers (also called "whiskers", "horn timbers", or "fan tail timbers") stretches from the keel diagonally aft and upward. It rests on the top of the sternpost and runs on either side of the rudder post (thus creating the "helm port" through which the rudder passes) to a point well above the vessel's waterline. Whereas the timbers of the transom stern all heeled on the wing transom, the timbers of the elliptical stern all heel on the whiskers, to which they are affixed at a 45° angle (i.e., "canted") when viewed from overhead and decrease in length as they are installed aft until the curvature is complete. The finished stern has a continuous curved edge around the outside and is raked aft.
Other names for the elliptical stern include a "counter stern", in reference to its very long counter, and a "cutaway stern". The elliptical stern began use during the age of sail, but remained very popular for both merchant and warships well into the nautical age of steam and through the first eight decades of steamship construction (roughly 1840–1920). Despite the design's leaving the rudder exposed and vulnerable in combat situations, many counter-sterned warships survived both World Wars, and stylish high-end vessels sporting them were coming off the ways into the 1950s, including the US-flagged sisters SS Constitution and SS Independence.
Cruiser
As ships of wooden construction gave way to iron and steel, the cruiser stern—another design without transoms and known variously as the canoe stern, parabolic stern, and the double-ended stern—became the next prominent development in ship stern design, particularly in warships of the earlier half of the 20th century. The intent of this re-design was to protect the steering gear by bringing it below the armor deck. The stern now came to a point rather than a flat panel or a gentle curve, and the counter reached from the sternpost all the way to the taffrail in a continuous arch. It was soon discovered that vessels with cruiser sterns experienced less water resistance when under way than those with elliptical sterns, and between World War I and World War II most merchant ship designs soon followed suit.
Others
None of these three main types of stern has vanished from the modern naval architectural repertoire, and all three continue to be utilized in one form or another by different sets of designers and for a broad spectrum of uses. Variations on these basic designs have resulted in an outflow of "new" stern types and names, only some of which are itemized here.
The reverse stern, reverse transom stern, sugar-scoop, or retroussé stern is a kind of transom stern that is raked backwards (common on modern yachts, rare on vessels before the 20th century); the vertical transom stern or plumb stern is raked neither forward nor back, but falls directly from the taffrail down to the wing transom. The rocket ship stern is a term for an extremely angled retroussé stern. A double ended ship with a very narrow square counter formed from the bulwarks or upper deck above the head of the rudder is said to have a pink stern or pinky stern. The torpedo stern or torpedo-boat stern describes a kind of stern with a low rounded shape that is nearly flat at the waterline, but which then slopes upward in a conical fashion towards the deck (practical for small high-speed power boats with very shallow drafts).
A Costanzi stern is a type of stern designed for use on ocean-going vessels. Its hard-chined design is a compromise between the 'spoon-shaped' stern usually found on ocean liners, and the flat transom, often required for fitting azimuth thrusters. The design allows for improved seagoing characteristics. It is the stern design on Queen Mary 2, and was originally proposed for SS Oceanic and Eugenio C, both constructed in the 1960s.
A lute stern is to be found on inshore craft on the Sussex, England, shore. It comprises a watertight transom with the topside planking extended aft to form a non-watertight counter which is boarded across the fashion timbers curving outward aft from the transom.
Some working boats and modern replicas have a similar form of counter, built to be water tight as described in the "transom stern" section above. These are being confused with lute sterns but as a lute is not watertight, a better term is needed. Chappelle in American Small Sailing Craft refers to a Bermudan boat with this form of counter, using the term "square tuck stern" to describe it. The term "tuck" is used in the northwest of England for this area of the hull at the sternpost, and for the bulkhead across the counter if one is fitted.
The fantail stern describes a stern that starts at the water and widens as you go upwards. This is famous on many 19th century tea clippers and the ill-fated RMS Titanic.
A bustle stern refers to any kind of stern (transom, elliptical, etc.) that has a large "bustle" or blister at the waterline below the stern to prevent the stern from "squatting" when getting underway. It only appears in sailboats, never in power-driven craft.
Image gallery
References
Nautical terminology
Shipbuilding
Watercraft components |
17333664 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jose%20Feria | Jose Feria | Jose Yusay Feria (January 11, 1917 – May 8, 2008) was a Filipino lawyer and jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines from 1986 to 1987. He was among the first appointees to the Supreme Court of President Corazon Aquino.
Biography
Jose Y. Feria was born in Pasay. His father, Felicisimo R. Feria, would serve as a Justice of the Supreme Court during the 1940s and 1950s.
Jose Y. Feria earned his undergraduate degree in Commerce from the De La Salle College in 1936, and his Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of Santo Tomas in 1940. He taught law at the Lilian College of Law (1936–1940). He then joined the faculty of the University of Santo Tomas College of Law (1940–1984). He became known for several textbooks he authored on procedural law. He would also lecture at the Instituto de Derecho Processal, Colegio de Abogados in Madrid, Spain. In 1960, he was elected to the municipal council of Makati. He was also a lecturer at the University of the Philippines Law Center.
In 1971, Jose Y. Feria was elected as a delegate to the Constitutional Convention, representing the First District of Rizal. From 1978 to 1980, he was elected as President of the Philippine Bar Association. In 1979, he was appointed Dean of the University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Law, and he served in that capacity until 1985.
Jose Y. Feria was appointed to the Supreme Court by President Aquino in April 1986. He served as an Associate Justice of the Court until he reached the mandatory retirement age of 70 on January 11, 1987. Upon his retirement, he rejoined private practice.
He authored books on Civil Procedure, Provisional Remedies & Special Civil Action and several articles on Constitutional Law, an Annotation on the Judiciary Reorganization Act, Interim Rules of Court, and the 1985 Rules on Criminal Procedure.
Justice Jose Y. Feria died in Makati on May 8, 2008. He left behind his wife Concepcion and his four children: Maria Martha F. Carcereny, Felicisimo Jose A. Feria, Ma. Lucia F. Reyes-Cuerva, and Jose A. Feria Jr., along with 18 grandchildren and 20 great-grandchildren.
References
Notes
Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
University of Santo Tomas alumni
20th-century Filipino judges
People from Pasay
1917 births
2008 deaths
De La Salle University alumni
University of Santo Tomas faculty
University of the Philippines faculty |
6900065 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauricio%20Gomes | Mauricio Gomes | Maurício Motta Gomes (born 25 July, 1955), also known as Maurição, is a practitioner of Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu holding the rank of 8th degree white and red belt. The founder of the first Gracie Barra franchise in the United Kingdom, Gomes has been training and teaching BJJ for over 50 years, one of only six people promoted to black belt by legendary Rolls Gracie. Gomes is the father of Roger Gracie, one of the most accomplished jiu-jitsu competitors of all time.
Career
Maurício Motta Gomes started training Brazilian jiu-jitsu aged four, after his father, a BJJ brown belt, took him to classes at João Alberto Barreto's academy. As a teenager, Gomes began training with the legendary Rolls Gracie. Under Gracie's guidance, he became a highly successful competitor winning the absolute division of the Rio de Janeiro State Championships in 1981. Shortly after this victory Gracie awarded Gomes his black belt in November 1981. Gomes continued training with Gracie until his tragic death in 1982.
Gomes opened the first Gracie Barra school in 1997 in Tokyo and was the first Brazilian to be invited to Japan to teach. After staying there for a year, he returned to Brazil before accepting a position in England. Gomes set up Gracie Barra UK, teaching at Birmingham London, Edinburgh and Belfast. Gomes brought over Felipe Souza, Braulio Estima, and his 17-year-old son Roger Gracie (at the time a blue belt) to help with the teaching in England. Estima later become the main instructor at Gracie Barra Birmingham. In 2000 Gomes was invited to lead the BJJ class at the Budokwai in London. In 2004 his son opened the Roger Gracie Brazilian Jiu Jitsu Academy where he joined the teaching staff. In 2005 Gomes promoted his first UK students to black belt Jude Samuel, the first home-grown British black belt, Rick Young, and Marc Walder. In 2020 together with his son, Gomes established the first Gracie Barra Jiu Jitsu School in Shanghai, China. Because of his efforts to grow the sport in the country, Gomes is affectionately known as the ‘Godfather of British Jiu-Jitsu’.
Personal life
Through his close ties with the Gracie family, Gomes met Reila Gracie, the daughter of Carlos Gracie Sr. They married in 1979 and had a son, Roger, their relationship ended in divorce. Roger Gracie would go on to become a ten-time World Champion. Gomes now lives in the UK with his wife Natalie Day, a jiu-jitsu brown belt.
Instructor Lineage
Kano Jigoro → Tomita Tsunejiro → Mitsuyo "Count Koma" Maeda → Carlos Gracie, Sr. → Helio Gracie → Rolls Gracie → Mauricio Motta Gomes
Notes
References
External links
Mauricio Gomes Black Belt List
Jiu Jitsu
Gracie Barra
Roger Gracie Jiu-Jitsu Academy
European Fight Network
Interview with Mauricio Motta Gomes
Brazilian practitioners of Brazilian jiu-jitsu
Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in England
Living people
Sportspeople from Rio de Janeiro (city)
People awarded a coral belt in Brazilian jiu-jitsu
1960 births |
23573419 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sailor%20Jupiter | Sailor Jupiter | , better known as , is a fictional character in the Sailor Moon manga series created by Naoko Takeuchi. Makoto is her sailor form's alternative human identity as part of the Sailor Soldiers, female supernatural fighters who protect the Solar System from evil.
In the series, Makoto is the third Sailor Soldier to be discovered by Usagi Tsukino, and serves as the "coordinator" of the group, as she possesses superhuman strength, as well as powers associated with electricity and plants.
Aside from the main body of the Sailor Moon series, Makoto features in her own manga short story, The Melancholy of Mako-chan. A number of image songs mentioning her character have been released as well, including the contents of three different CD singles.
Profile
Makoto's strong, independent personality is hinted at in her most striking physical feature—her unusual height (5'6" or 1.68 meters). She is stated at her first appearance in the series to be very tall, and considerable notice is taken in the original Japanese versions, although this trait is downplayed in English translations (as her relative height is not all that uncommon in most Europeans). She is strong, and was rumoured to have been kicked out of her previous school for fighting. She is introduced to the series after transferring to Azabu Jūban Junior High, where Usagi Tsukino and Ami Mizuno are students, and where she stands out all the more because her school uniform is different from everyone else's; unable to find anything in her size, her school's administration tells her to wear her old one. It has a long skirt, which when coupled with her hair, was a common visual cue for a tough or delinquent girl at the time the series was created. However, unlike these delinquent girls, her reddish, wavy hair is natural. Despite her tough appearance, she is very gentle. She always wears pink rose earrings and a green hair tie that decorates her ponytail.
One of the most consistent characters across the many versions of the series, Makoto is always depicted as simultaneously the most determined of the four Guardian Soldiers. Her most closely held dream is to get married and own a cake and flower shop. After entering high school, she also joins the cooking and gardening clubs.
Her domestic talents are explained as a deliberate effort to overcome her tomboyishness. In the live-action series she enjoys shopping, but eschews "girly" things (she can be seen shopping for basketball shoes in one scene, for instance); she cooks, but also physically overpowers delinquents; she reorganizes her home, but does so with a sledgehammer. She also excels in dancing, especially ice-skating. She insists that she is not the least bit feminine, and seems surprised and touched when someone tells her she is.
This dual nature comes from a need to be self-sufficient: her parents died in an aviation accident as a child and she has since then looked after herself. She is self-sufficient almost to a fault, and gets shocked when an airplane passes overhead. In the anime adaptation, Makoto lives alone. In Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon, Makoto's parents' death is told in a flashback in Act 6, but how they died is not mentioned.
Makoto has at least one former boyfriend, which is the importance of this subplot. Her senpai is mentioned only once or twice. In the anime adaptation Makoto is extremely boy-crazy. Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon is an integral part of why Makoto feels she needs to be alone. In each version, there are mentions of other men who were very briefly a part of her life. Makoto is generally attracted to Motoki Furuhata, especially in the anime, but only in the live-action show do they become close. By the end of the direct-to-DVD Special Act, they are engaged to be married.
Aspects and forms
As a character with different incarnations, special powers, transformations and extended longevity; a really long ageless lifetime virtually spanned between the Silver Millennium era and the 30th Century, Makoto gains multiple aspects and aliases as the series progresses.
Sailor Jupiter
Makoto's Soldier identity is Sailor Jupiter. She wears a sailor suit colored in green and pink, with rose-shaped earrings in green, laced-up boots with height just above the ankles. In the manga and live-action series she has a belt carrying a small ball of potpourri. She is given specific titles throughout the various series, including "Soldier of Protection", "Herculean Jupiter", "Soldier of Thunder and Courage", and "Soldier of Caring". Her personality is no different from when she is a civilian, although certain powers are unavailable to her in that form.
In Japanese, the name for the planet Jupiter is , the first kanji meaning 'wood' and the second indicating a celestial object. Although the Roman planet-name is used, Sailor Jupiter's dominant element is wood due to this aspect of Japanese mythology. Unusually, most of her attacks are based on her secondary power, lightning, which is in reference to the Roman god Jupiter. She is by far the most skilled of the Sailor Soldiers, able to lift a full-grown man above her head, even while ice skating or to stop a stone pillar from falling. In the early manga, she always has a short antenna coming from her tiara, which serves as a lightning rod; eventually this takes on the same role as in the anime, and extends upward only when she summons lightning. It does not appear in the live-action series.
Sailor Jupiter gains additional special abilities and powers, and at key points her Sailor Soldier uniform changes to reflect this. The first change takes place in Act 37 of the manga, when she obtains the Jupiter Crystal and her outfit becomes similar to that of Super Sailor Moon. She is not given a new title. A similar event is divided between Episodes 143 and 154 of the anime, and she is given the name Super Sailor Jupiter. A third form appears in Act 42 of the manga, unnamed but analogous to Eternal Sailor Moon (sans wings). In the official visual book for Sailor Moon Eternal, this form was named "Eternal Sailor Jupiter".
Princess Jupiter
In Silver Millennium, Sailor Jupiter was also the Princess of her home planet. She was among those given the duty of protecting [[Sailor Moon
(character)#Princess Serenity|Princess Serenity]] of the Moon Kingdom. As Princess Jupiter, she dwelt in Io Castle and wore a green gown—she appears in this form in the original manga, as well as in supplementary art. Naoko Takeuchi once drew her in the arms of Nephrite, but no further romantic link between them was established in the manga or the first anime adaptation. However, in Sailor Moon Crystal it is clearly stated that Sailor Jupiter and Nephrite were in love at the time of the Moon Kingdom.<ref>Sailor Moon Crystal act #12 "Enemy –Queen Metalia"</ref> This is also established in the stage musicals, and it is implied in the Another Story video game.
Special powers and items
Makoto is portrayed as unusually strong for a teenage girl, but like the other Sailor Soldiers, she must transform in order to gain access to her celestial powers. She transforms into a Sailor Soldier by raising a special device (pen, bracelet, wand, or crystal) into the air and shouting a special phrase, originally "Jupiter Power, Make-up!" As she becomes more powerful and obtains new transformation devices, this phrase changes to evoke Jupiter Star, Planet, or Crystal Power. In both anime, Sailor Jupiter's transformation sequence evolves slightly over time, whether to update the background images or to accommodate changes to her uniform or a new transformation device, but they all involve electric charges forming an atom path which encircles her body.
In the manga, Sailor Jupiter's first named attack is Flower Hurricane, which is immediately followed by calling down lightning. Emphasis is quickly placed upon her electric-based powers, and these are the norm in all versions of the series. Her primary attack for the first story arc and most of the second is Supreme Thunder, for which she calls down lightning from the sky with a tiny lightning rod that extends from the stone on her tiara (or, in the live-action series, with her leg). Sometimes, before performing the attack she would call out "Waga shugo Mokusei yo! Arashi wo okose! Kumo wo yobe! Ikazuchi wo furaseyo!" (我が守護木星よ！嵐を起こせ！雲を呼べ！雷を降らせよ！; My guardian Jupiter! Brew a storm! Call the clouds! Bring down the lightning!). Although she channels this power, she is not immune to its effects, and can use her body to focus the electricity in a suicide move. It is upgraded twice for one-off attacks in the anime series: once to Supreme Thunder Dragon, and much later to Super Supreme Thunder.
In the second story arc Sailor Jupiter gains Sparkling Wide Pressure, an attack consisting of a lightning ball which, aside from a manga-only power called Jupiter Coconut Cyclone, remains her primary attack for the rest of the second story arc, all of the third, and much of the fourth. When she takes on her second Soldier form (Super Sailor Jupiter in the anime), she acquires a special item, a wreath of oak leaves, which is described in the manga as "the emblem of thunder and lightning." It appears in her hair and enables her to use Jupiter Oak Evolution.
Sailor Jupiter's earrings, large pink roses, are occasionally significant. She wears them in both her Soldier and civilian forms, and can use them as a projectile weapon if she needs to. When they first meet in the manga, Usagi thinks the roses have a nice fragrance, and late in the anime the sight of them brings her back from temporary memory loss because it reminds her of Tuxedo Mask. Much more important, in the manga, are the Jupiter Crystal and Leaves of Oak. The former is Makoto's Sailor Crystal and the source of all of her power, which becomes especially important in the fifth story arc. In the live-action series, she frequently uses unnamed electric attacks, and is given a tambourine-like weapon (the Sailor Star Tambo) by Artemis. In the final episode, the Tambo transforms into a lance.
Development
Makoto is present in the original proposal for a hypothetical Codename: Sailor V anime, but her name is given as Mamoru Chino. Creator Naoko Takeuchi confirms that this character eventually became Makoto, and writes that the original concept was quite different—Makoto was not only tough, but in fact was meant to be the leader of a female gang as well as a smoker. A very similar name was later given to the series' male protagonist, Mamoru Chiba.
Sailor Jupiter's original costume design, like the others', was fully unique. It featured buckles, very long gloves, blue and yellow highlights, a bare lower torso, and a profusion of thin, dark pink ribbons—along with a face-plate and communicator. Later, Takeuchi was surprised by these sketches and stated that she did not remember drawing them. Her instructions to the animators included a note that Makoto should appear muscular, "a little meatier than normal."
The kanji of Makoto's surname translate as and . The Japanese word for Jupiter is 木星, which literally translates as "wood planet," and is referenced in her last name. Her given name is in hiragana and therefore difficult to translate. Possible meanings include "truth", "fidelity", and "sincerity". The given name "Makoto," however, is a unisex name usually given to boys, but is sometimes given to girls; its use here highlights Makoto's tomboyishness.
Actresses
In the original Japanese series, Makoto is voiced by Emi Shinohara in the original series, and by Ami Koshimizu in Sailor Moon Crystal and all media since.
In the DIC/Cloverway English adaptation, her name was changed to "Lita" and was voiced by Susan Roman. In the Viz Media English adaptation, her voice is supplied by Amanda C. Miller.
In the stage musicals, Makoto has been portrayed by 13 actresses: Noriko Kamiyama, Marie Sada, Takako Inayoshi, Emika Satoh, Akari Tonegawa, Chiho Oyama (whose older sister Anza was the first to play Sailor Moon), Emi Kuriyama, Yuriko Hayashi, Ayano Sugimoto, Kaori Sakata, Karina Okada, Mai Watanabe, Yu Takahashi, Kaede., Ami Noujo, Minami Umezawa, Kie Obana, Kanna Matsuzaki and Shio Yamazaki
In Pretty Guardian Sailor Moon, Makoto is played by Mew Azama. Also, child actress Misho Narumi portrays Makoto in flashbacks, dream sequences, and childhood photos.
Reception and influence
The official Sailor Moon'' character popularity polls listed Makoto Kino and Sailor Jupiter as separate entities. In 1992, readers ranked them at eleventh and fifth respectively, out of thirty eight choices. One year later, now with fifty choices, Jupiter dropped to the eleventh most popular while Makoto was twelfth most popular. In 1994, with fifty one choices, Sailor Jupiter was the seventeenth most popular character and Makoto was eighteenth. In early 1996, with fifty one choices, Makoto was the twenty third most popular character and Jupiter was the twenty seventh.
A five-book series was published, one book on each of the Sailor Soldiers and Sailor Moon. Makoto's was released in 1996. This book was later translated into English by Mixx.
See also
Jupiter in fiction
Jupiter (mythology)
Zeus
Thor
References
Comics characters introduced in 1992
Fiction set on Jupiter
Fictional characters with electric or magnetic abilities
Fictional characters with plant abilities
Fictional chefs
Fictional female martial artists
Fictional high school students
Fictional middle school students
Martial artist characters in anime and manga
Orphan characters in anime and manga
Jupiter
Teenage characters in anime and manga |
17333665 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kichlu | Kichlu | Kichlu () or Kitchlew is a Kashmiri Pandit last-name and clan, originating in the Kashmir Valley of the Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. The Kichlus are both Hindu and Muslim. The Kichlu sub-caste is a part of the larger Malmas gotras is one known as Paldeo Wasgaré, and this gotra embraces families belonging to the following Kráms, or tribal subdivisions: Sopuri-Pandit, Mála, Poot, Mirakhur, Kadlabaju, Kokru, Bangru, Bakáya, Khashu, Kichlu, Misri, Kar, and Mám.
Over time, some Kitchlews have migrated from the Kashmir Valley and have settled in other parts of India, as well as in neighbouring Pakistan.
Notable Kichlus
Ravi Kichlu
Saifuddin Kitchlew
Vijay Kichlu
References
Kashmiri tribes
Indian surnames
Pakistani names
Kashmiri-language surnames
Social groups of Jammu and Kashmir
Social groups of India
Social groups of Pakistan |
23573423 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C17H22N2O | C17H22N2O | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C17H22N2O}}
The molecular formula C17H22N2O may refer to:
4,4'-Bis(dimethylamino)benzhydrol
Doxylamine, a sedative antihistamine
5-MeO-DALT, or N,N-diallyl-5-methoxytryptamine
Molecular formulas |
20465858 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward%20E.%20David%20Jr. | Edward E. David Jr. | Edward Emil "Ed" David Jr. (January 25, 1925 – February 13, 2017) was an American electrical engineer who served as science advisor to President Richard M. Nixon and director of the White House Office of Science and Technology from 1970 to 1973.
Early life and education
David was born in Wilmington, North Carolina on January 25, 1925. He earned a Bachelor of Science from the Georgia Tech, followed by a Master of Science and Doctor of Science in electrical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1947.
Career
He took a job with Bell Telephone Laboratories and worked there from 1950 to 1970, eventually becoming executive director for communications research. Following the resignation of Lee A. DuBridge, David was appointed as Richard Nixon's science advisor. David resigned in 1973, citing "disappointment that his advice had not been heeded." He then took a position as executive vice president of R&D and planning at Gould Electronics from 1973 to 1977.
He founded consulting group EED, Inc. in 1977, advising industry, government, and universities on technology, research, and innovation management. He was the president of research and engineering at Exxon from 1977 to 1986. In 1983, he was awarded the IRI Medal from the Industrial Research Institute in recognition for his leadership contributions. He joined the Washington Advisory Group in 1997, serving as treasurer until 2004. He also served as director of Ronson.
David was elected to both the National Academy of Engineering and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1966. In 1970 he was elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences. In 1974, he was elected to the MIT Corporation and as a life member. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1979. He was awarded The Delmer S. Fahrney Medal in 1985.
David was also active in public service to his adopted state, serving on the board of the New Jersey Commission on Science and Technology (NJCST) alongside William O. Baker, his former vice president at Bell Labs. In 1982, while still at Exxon, David was appointed by Governor Thomas Kean to the governor's study commission that led to formation of the NJCST. Once the NJCST became a statutory agency with responsibility for the state's programs in science & technology-based economic development in 1985, David was re-appointed to its board and served as chair of its budget committee. During this period, he also chaired the Governor's Roundtable on (High-Temperature) Superconductivity, which was staffed by the NJCST. He left the NJCST board in 1990.
In 2012, David was a co-signatory of an op-ed in The Wall Street Journal questioning the scientific consensus on global warming.
Death
David died at his home in Bedminster, New Jersey on February 13, 2017, aged 92.
References
External links
Edward E. David via Nixon Presidential Library and Museum
Dr. Edward E. David, Jr. via Center for Science and Technology Policy Research
Edward E. David Jr. via MIT Corporation
Biography of Edward E. David Jr. from the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS)
1925 births
2017 deaths
American electrical engineers
Engineers from New Jersey
Engineers from North Carolina
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
Nixon administration personnel
Office of Science and Technology Policy officials
People from Bedminster, New Jersey
People from Wilmington, North Carolina
Members of the American Philosophical Society |
6900087 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Hawthorne | James Hawthorne | James Burns Hawthorne (27 March 1930 - 7 September 2006) was BBC Controller in Northern Ireland for 10 years from 1979 to 1989 and as such was the senior editorial figure in the organisation throughout a decade of the Northern Ireland Troubles.
Early life and education
Hawthorne, one of identical twins was born on 27 March 1930 in Balfast, he was educated at the Methodist College Belfast and Queen's University Belfast. He began work in Belfast in 1951 as a maths teacher at Sullivan Upper School and joined BBC Northern Ireland as a radio producer in the Schools Department in 1960.
Work with the BBC
He was deeply involved in the fight to preserve the editorial independence of the BBC in Northern Ireland after the so-called "Real Lives" controversy when Margaret Thatcher's cabinet called for a current affairs programme to be pulled from the schedule. Hawthorne's stance in standing up to government pressure, at no small cost to himself, makes him one of the most significant figures in the story of UK broadcasting in the latter half of the twentieth century. His background in education was apparent in his time as Controller of BBC Northern Ireland, where he expanded education and drama, and encouraged local dramatists to create work about Northern Ireland for international audiences. He also introduced Irish-language broadcasts, reversing a BBC Dominions Office ban from the 1930s on Gaelic broadcasting in the UK.
Retirement and death
After his retirement he remained in Northern Ireland where he held the chair of the Community Relations Council, Health Promotion Agency, Prison Arts Foundation and instigator and mainstay of the Ulster History Circle.
He died on 7 September 2006 after a short illness. BBC NI Controller Anna Carragher said she was deeply saddened by the death of Dr. Hawthorne who led the BBC in some of the most trying years of The Troubles. "He had an enormous dedication and commitment to the BBC."
References
Guardian obituary for James Hawthorne
1930 births
2006 deaths
BBC people
Mass media people from Belfast
Alumni of Queen's University Belfast
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
People educated at Methodist College Belfast |
23573433 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stelis%20ophioglossoides | Stelis ophioglossoides | Stelis ophioglossoides is a species of orchid native to east Cuba, French Guiana, the Leeward Islands, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela, and the Windward Islands. It is the type species of the genus Stelis.
References
ophioglossoides
Flora of Cuba
Flora of French Guiana
Flora of the Leeward Islands
Flora of Trinidad and Tobago
Flora of Venezuela
Flora of the Windward Islands
Orchids of South America
Flora without expected TNC conservation status
Plants described in 1800 |
23573456 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C10H16N2O8 | C10H16N2O8 | {{DISPLAYTITLE:C10H16N2O8}}
The molecular formula C10H16N2O8 (molar mass: 292.24 g/mol, exact mass: 292.0907 u) may refer to:
EDDS
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid |
6900102 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Clue%20of%20the%20Dancing%20Puppet | The Clue of the Dancing Puppet | The Clue of the Dancing Puppet is the thirty-ninth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1962 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot
At the Van Pelt estate, home of a local acting troupe, a mysterious dancing puppet haunts the grounds. Nancy, Bess, and George are asked to solve the case, but it will be a dangerous-yet-rewarding one when an old family mystery comes to light. From the moment Nancy, Bess and George arrive at the mansion, the dancing puppet mystery is further complicated by the Footlighters’ temperamental leading lady and a Shakespearean actor. Nancy's search of the mansion's dark, musty attic for clues to the weird mystery and an encounter with two jewel theft suspects add perplexing angles to the puzzle. This book is the original text. A revised text does not exist.
External links
1962 American novels
1962 children's books
Children's mystery novels
Grosset & Dunlap books
Nancy Drew books
Novels about actors
Puppetry |
6900114 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Moonstone%20Castle%20Mystery | The Moonstone Castle Mystery | The Moonstone Castle Mystery is the fortieth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1963 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot
Nancy receives a moonstone as a gift from an unknown person; she is amazed yet puzzled. She then finds herself involved in a case involving the Bowens and their missing granddaughter, Joanie Horton. Clues lead Nancy, Bess, and George to the haunted Moonstone Castle along the Deep River.
External links
Nancy Drew books
1963 American novels
1963 children's books
Children's mystery novels
Grosset & Dunlap books |
6900115 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20Journal%20of%20Political%20Theory | European Journal of Political Theory | The European Journal of Political Theory is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal that covers the field of political theory and philosophy. The editors-in-chief are Enzo Rossi (University of Amsterdam) and Robin Douglass (King's College London). It was established 2002 and is published by Sage Publications.
Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in Current Contents/Social and Behavioral Sciences, Scopus, and Worldwide Political Science Abstracts.
External links
SAGE Publishing academic journals
English-language journals
Political philosophy journals
Publications established in 2002
2002 establishments in the United Kingdom |
6900122 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Clue%20of%20the%20Whistling%20Bagpipes | The Clue of the Whistling Bagpipes | The Clue of the Whistling Bagpipes is the forty-first volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1964 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot
Nancy finds mystery in everything she does. In the novel Nancy and her friends along with her father head to Scotland on family business and to solve the mystery of the missing heirloom. Nancy is warned not to go to Scotland, but she ignores the warning. Nancy finds strange things in Scotland like the people. She and her friends, Bess and George, visit Nancy's great-grandmother from her mother's side (who Nancy's never met) at an estate in the Scottish Highlands. While there, Nancy becomes involved in the mystery of missing flocks of sheep and a mysterious bagpiper has been spotted. Clues leading to a discovery in an old castle and a prehistoric fortress lead to the mystery's solution.
Adaptation
The 29th installment in the Nancy Drew point-and-click adventure game series by Her Interactive, named Nancy Drew: The Silent Spy, is loosely based on the novel.
External links
1964 American novels
1964 children's books
Grosset & Dunlap books
Nancy Drew books
Novels adapted into video games
Novels set in Highland (council area)
Children's mystery novels |
23573458 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1963%20ICF%20Canoe%20Slalom%20World%20Championships | 1963 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships | The 1963 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Spittal, Austria under the auspices of International Canoe Federation. It was the 8th edition. The women's folding K1 team event resumed after being absent from the program at 1961 championships.
Medal summary
Men's
Canoe
Kayak
Mixed
Canoe
Women's
Kayak
Medals table
References
External links
International Canoe Federation
1963 in Austrian sport
1963 in canoeing
1963
International sports competitions hosted by Austria |
23573460 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stelis%20scabrida | Stelis scabrida | Stelis scabrida is a species of flowering plant in the family Orchidaceae, native to the Leeward Islands and the Windward Islands. It was first described by John Lindley in 1840.
References
scabrida
Flora of the Leeward Islands
Flora of the Windward Islands
Plants described in 1840 |
6900130 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klocwork | Klocwork | Klocwork is a static code analysis tool owned by Minneapolis, Minnesota-based software developer Perforce. Klocwork software analyzes source code in real time, simplifies peer code reviews, and extends the life of complex software.
Overview
Klocwork is used to identify security, safety and reliability issues in C, C++, C#, Java, JavaScript and Python code. The product includes numerous desktop plug-ins for developers, metrics and reporting.
History
Originally Klocwork’s technology was developed to address requirements for large-scale source code analysis to optimize software architecture for C code inside Nortel Networks and spun out in 2001.
In January 2012, Klocwork Insight 9.5 was released. It provided on-the-fly static analysis in Visual Studio, like a word processor does with spelling mistakes.
In May 2013, Klocwork Cahoots peer code review tool was launched.
Awards and recognition
In 2007, Klocwork was awarded the 2007 InfoWorld Technology of Year award for best source code analyzer.
In May 2014, Klocwork won the Red Herring Top 100 North America Award, in the software sector.
Original developer
Klocwork was an Ottawa, Canada-based software company that developed the Klocwork brand of programming tools for software developers. The company was acquired by Minneapolis-based application software developer Perforce in 2019, as part of their acquisition of Klocwork's parent software company Rogue Wave. Klocwork no longer exists as a standalone company, but Perforce continues to develop Klocwork branded static code analysis software.
Company history
The company was founded in 2001 as a spin-out of Nortel Networks. Its initial investors were Firstmark Capital, USVP, and Mobius Ventures.
In January 2014, the company was acquired by Rogue Wave Software.
In January 2019, Rogue Wave was acquired by Minneapolis-based application software developer Perforce.
References
External links
Static program analysis tools
Development software companies
Software companies established in 2001
2014 mergers and acquisitions |
20465872 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CANUSA%20Games | CANUSA Games | The CANUSA Games are an annual contest, primarily for athletes age 18 and under, between the sister cities of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, and Flint, Michigan, United States. The Games are the longest-running amateur sports competition in North America. The games are held in alternate locations, with Hamilton, Ontario, hosting in odd-numbered years.
History
As a result of the Flint Olympian Games held in Flint, Michigan, in July 1957, the Flint officials of the Games wanted a city, of similar size and population, to compete with on a yearly basis. Hamilton was selected, which birthed the "CANUSA" games, whose name was derived from combining the names Canada and United States - CAN/USA.
The Games began in August 1958, and consisted of 200 athletes (from each city) competing in seven different sports. The Games have grown considerably, which is supported by the more than 1,600 athletes from each city competing in 17 different competitive sports, including basketball, baseball, softball, volleyball, darts, golf, track and field, swimming and ice hockey. An estimated 25,000 people have participated in the games in their 50 years.
Opening Ceremonies
The Opening Ceremonies of the CANUSA Games are arguably the most highlighted piece of the weekend. One of these highlights is most certainly the running relay which covers the distance between Flint and Hamilton - 245 miles. Departing the night before from the visiting city, relay runners carry the torch over the border, which is one of the longest international runs in all of North America. The torch is run into the venue in which the opening ceremonies are held, which represents the official start of the Games.
To symbolize the relationship between the sister cities, the national anthems (from both nations) are sung by everyone present at the Opening Ceremonies. The Friendship Trophy is also given by the Mayor of the host city to the Mayor of the visiting city as a symbol of friendship and peace. The Games take the true meaning of friendship to task as each year the visiting country's athletes "billet" or reside with their counterparts during the entire weekend beyond competition. It is considered the signature of the Game's existence.
Editions
References
Canada–United States relations
Multi-sport events in Canada
Multi-sport events in the United States
North American international sports competitions
Recurring sporting events established in 1958
Sport in Hamilton, Ontario
Sports in Flint, Michigan
Tourist attractions in Genesee County, Michigan |
23573467 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BDkev | Býkev | Býkev is a municipality and village in Mělník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants.
Administrative parts
The village of Jenišovice is an administrative part of Býkev.
History
The first written mention of Býkev is from 1392. Jenišovice was founded around 1250. For centuries, agriculture has been the main livelihood of the inhabitants. That did not change until 1994, when the State Farm ceased to exist.
Transport
The interstate I/16 road passes through Býkev. The railway line Kralupy nad Vltavou–Roudnice nad Labem goes through the municipality, but there is no railway station. The municipality is served only by bus.
Sights
The landmark of Býkov is the monument to the victims of World War I, built in the form of the Czech Lion (heraldic symbol of the Czech Republic) in 1918–1920.
References
External links
Villages in Mělník District |
20465873 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reichsgewerkschaftskommission | Reichsgewerkschaftskommission | Reichsgewerkschaftskommission ('Imperial Trade Union Commission', often referred to as the Vienna Commission) was a trade union centre in the Austrian part of Austria-Hungary. The Vienna Commission was formed in December 1893. Anton Hueber was the head of the Commission.
In 1928, the organisation was refounded as the Federation of Free Trade Unions in Austria, on an industrial union basis.
See also
Independent Social Democratic Party (Czech Lands)
References
Trade unions in Austria-Hungary
National federations of trade unions
Trade unions established in 1893
1893 establishments in Austria-Hungary
Trade unions disestablished in 1928 |
23573470 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora%20MacLeod%20of%20MacLeod | Flora MacLeod of MacLeod | Dame Flora MacLeod of MacLeod, (3 February 1878 – 4 November 1976) was the 28th Chief of Clan MacLeod.
Biography
Flora Louisa Cecilia MacLeod was born at 10 Downing Street, London, in 1878, the home of her grandfather Sir Stafford Northcote, who was then Chancellor of the Exchequer. Her mother was Lady Agnes Mary Cecilia Northcote and her father, Sir Reginald MacLeod, became Chief of Clan MacLeod in 1929. She was elected President of the clan's society and went to live with her father at the 800-year-old family seat, Dunvegan Castle in Skye, where she became a county councillor for Bracadale. In 1901, she married Hubert Walter, a journalist at The Times, with whom she had two daughters, Joan and Alice. Her husband, Hubert Walter, died in 1933.
Upon the death of her father in 1935, Flora MacLeod of MacLeod (as she would be thenceforth known) inherited the estate and was recognised as the 28th Chief of Clan MacLeod. Years later, to raise income, she opened Dunvegan Castle to tourists, turning it into a popular tourist attraction. Following the Second World War, she travelled widely, establishing Clan MacLeod Societies throughout the British Commonwealth.
She was created a in 1953. She lived at Dunvegan Castle until 1973 before moving to Ythan Lodge in Aberdeenshire, where she died in 1976, aged 98. She is buried in the traditional Clan MacLeod burial ground at Kilmuir, near Dunvegan. Her grandson John MacLeod of MacLeod succeeded her.
The Dame Flora MacLeod of MacLeod Trophy for Open Piobaireachd has been presented, since 1969, to the best bagpiper at the Grandfather Mountain Highland Games in North Carolina, USA.
Ancestry
Coat of arms
Her coat of arms are described thus:
Shield I and IV azure a castle triple towered and embattled argent masoned sable windowed and porched gules and II and III gules three legs in armour proper garnished and spurred Or flexed and conjoined in triangle at the upper part of the thigh.
Crest and mantle Upon a torse Or and azure, A bull's head cabossed sable horned Or between two flags gules staves sable, the mantling azure double Or.
Supporters Two lions reguardant gules armed and langued azure each holding a dagger proper
References
External links
New York Times obituary for Dame Flora MacLeod of MacLeod
National Galleries.org site
1878 births
1976 deaths
Flora
Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire
People from Westminster
People from the Isle of Skye
British people of Scottish descent
Anglo-Scots |
20465883 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann%20Michael%20W%C3%A4chter | Johann Michael Wächter | Johann Michael Wächter (2 March 1794 – 26 May 1853) was an Austrian bass-baritone most famous for appearing in the operas of Richard Wagner.
Born in Rappersdorf in Austria, Wächter sang in various church choirs in Vienna, making his stage début in 1819 at Graz as Don Giovanni in Mozart's Don Giovanni. He also appeared at Bratislava, Vienna and Berlin. In 1827 he joined the Dresden Hofoper, where he remained for the rest of his career. Here his roles included Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro, and he sang in three Wagner premières, playing Orsini in Rienzi in 1842, the title role in Der fliegende Holländer in 1843, and Biterolf in Tannhäuser in 1845.
Hector Berlioz, who heard The Flying Dutchman in Dresden, considered Wächter's baritone ‘...one of the finest I have ever heard, and he uses it like a consummate singer. It is of that rich and vibrant timbre that has such a wonderful power of expression, provided that the artist sings with soul and feeling, which Wächter does to a high degree’.
Wächter, an old friend of Wagner's, was not equal to the demanding role of the Dutchman. Wagner later wrote:
"His total incapacity in the difficult role of my spectral, suffering mariner dawned on Schröder-Devrient unfortunately only after the rehearsals were too far along to make any change. Wächter's distressing corpulence, particularly his broad, round face and the curious way he moved his arms and legs like shrivelled stumps, sent my Senta in transports of despair."
His wife, the mezzo-soprano Thérèse Wächter-Wittman (31 August 1802 in Vienna – 3 October 1879 in Dresden), also sang at Dresden, creating the role of Mary in The Flying Dutchman. Wächter died in Dresden in 1853.
References
External links
Wächter in the first performance of Tannhäuser
Wächter in the first performance of Der fliegende Holländer
1794 births
1853 deaths
Operatic bass-baritones
19th-century Austrian male opera singers |
20465886 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%20P%C3%A9ri | La Péri | La Péri is the title of two ballets:
La Péri (Burgmüller), by Friedrich Burgmüller, Jean Coralli, and Théophile Gautier, first performed in 1843
La Péri (Dukas), by Paul Dukas and Ivan Clustine, first performed in 1912 |
20465891 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revati%20%28disambiguation%29 | Revati (disambiguation) | Revati in Hinduism, is the daughter of King Kakudmi and the wife of Balarama, the elder brother of Krishna.
Revati may also refer to:
Revati (raga), a musical scale Carnatic music
Revati (nakshatra), nakshatra or lunar mansion in Vedic astrology, referring to the multiple star system Zeta Piscium
Revati (film), a 2005 Indian film
Revathi Pattathanam, an annual assembly of scholars held in Kerala, India
Revathi (born 1966), award-winning South Indian actress
Revathi Sankaran, Tamil television personality / actress
Revati, the proper name of the brightest component of the multiple star system Zeta Piscium
See also |
23573480 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/By%C5%A1ice | Byšice | Byšice is a municipality and village in Mělník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,400 inhabitants.
Etymology
The name is believed to originate from the personal name Byš.
Geography
Byšice is located about southeast of Mělník and north of Prague. It lies in the Jizera Table plateau.
History
The first written mention of Byšice is from 1321. The settlement was founded on a trade route from Mělník to Mladá Boleslav. It was an agricultural and market village, in the 19th century it was a market town.
The seal comes from the 15th or 16th century. The coat of arms is derived from this seal.
Demographics
Economy
In Byšice is located one of the most significant Czech food-producing companies, Vitana. The company was founded in 1919 as Graf and it was moved into Byšice in 1927. In 2013 it became a part of the Orkla ASA conglomerate.
A large part of the municipal territory is agricultural land, which is managed by several entities.
Sights
The most valuable building is the Church of St. John the Baptist. It is a Baroque building from 1690–1693. The church has been protected as a cultural monument.
The church is a single rectangular building. It has a rectangular, triangular-ended presbytery. There is a rectangular sacristy in the axis of the building. The façade of the church is divided by pilasters. There are niches in the side fields of the façade. In the middle of the facade is a rectangular portal with a supraport and a rectangular window with a segmental niche. In the side parts of the facade above the pilasters takes place laying. Above the middle part is a ledge. The façade is finished with a wing gable with vases, pilasters and niches. The side facades have lysine frames and semicircular windows.
The presbytery and the sacristy have a barrel vault with lunettes. The ship has a flat ceiling. There is an indistinct stucco decoration on the vault and wall of the presbytery and the semicircular triumphal arch. The walls of the nave are divided by cornice pilasters with stucco decoration. There are stucco cut fields on the ceiling of the ship.
References
External links
Villages in Mělník District |
20465904 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Children%20Without | Children Without | Children Without is a 1964 American short documentary film directed by Charles Guggenheim, about a young girl and her brother growing up in the housing projects of Detroit. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short, losing to another film by Guggenheim, Nine from Little Rock. Children Without was preserved by the Academy Film Archive in 2016.
See also
List of American films of 1964
References
External links
1964 films
1964 documentary films
1964 short films
1960s English-language films
1960s short documentary films
Films directed by Charles Guggenheim
Documentary films about children
Films set in Detroit
American short documentary films
1960s American films |
23573482 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disney%20Channel%20%28Romanian%20TV%20channel%29 | Disney Channel (Romanian TV channel) | Disney Channel is a Romanian pay television channel owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company Europe Middle East & Africa (Disney Co. Ltd). And part of Disney Branded Television, an international division of The Walt Disney Company.
It broadcasts for preschoolers and kids, and also for teenagers and adults, from series and movies.
History
After Disney XD was successfully launched on 13 February 2009 in the United States, the Disney-ABC Television Group re-branded Jetix France to Disney XD on 1 April 2009 and it was expected to be rolled out to other European countries in that same year. In May, Disney announced that Jetix in certain countries (namely Hungary, Romania, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Bulgaria) would be rebranded as Disney Channel, marking that channel's first introduction in those countries. The change occurred on 19 September 2009.
In May 2010 Disney Channel Eastern Europe was removed from Hot Bird satellite. Advertising is shown in Romanian and Bulgarian; the voices in the ads are only heard on the respective audio tracks.
Programming
See also
Disney XD
Playhouse Disney
Disney Channel
Playhouse Disney Romania
Disney Channel Bulgaria
References
External links
Romania
Romania
Television stations in Romania
Children's television networks
Television channels and stations established in 2005
ru:Disney Channel Romania |
23573483 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%ADtov | Cítov | Cítov is a municipality and village in Mělník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,200 inhabitants.
Administrative parts
The village of Daminěves is an administrative part of Cítov.
References
Villages in Mělník District |
23573488 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Ce%C4%8Delice | Čečelice | Čečelice is a municipality and village in Mělník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 700 inhabitants.
References
Villages in Mělník District |
23573489 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dob%C5%99e%C5%88 | Dobřeň | Dobřeň is a municipality and village in Mělník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants. The village with well preserved examples of folk architecture is protected by law as a village monument reservation.
Administrative parts
Villages and hamlets of Jestřebice, Klučno, Střezivojice and Vlkov are administrative parts of Dobřeň.
References
Villages in Mělník District |
20465921 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sickness%20behavior | Sickness behavior | Sickness behavior is a coordinated set of adaptive behavioral changes that develop in ill individuals during the course of an infection.
They usually, but not always, accompany fever and aid survival.
Such illness responses include lethargy, depression, anxiety, malaise, loss of appetite, sleepiness, hyperalgesia, reduction in grooming and failure to concentrate.
Sickness behavior is a motivational state that reorganizes the organism's priorities to cope with infectious pathogens.
It has been suggested as relevant to understanding depression, and some aspects of the suffering that occurs in cancer.
History
Sick animals have long been recognized by farmers as having different behavior. Initially it was thought that this was due to physical weakness that resulted from diverting energy to the body processes needed to fight infection. However, in the 1960s, it was shown that animals produced a blood-carried factor X that acted upon the brain to cause sickness behavior. In 1987, Benjamin L. Hart brought together a variety of research findings that argued for them being survival adaptations that if prevented would disadvantage an animal's ability to fight infection. In the 1980s, the blood-borne factor was shown to be proinflammatory cytokines produced by activated leukocytes in the immune system in response to lipopolysaccharides (a cell wall component of Gram-negative bacteria). These cytokines acted by various humoral and nerve routes upon the hypothalamus and other areas of the brain. Further research showed that the brain can also learn to control the various components of sickness behavior independently of immune activation..
In 2015, Shakhar and Shakhar suggested instead that sickness behavior developed primarily because it protected the kin of infected animals from transmissible diseases. According to this theory, termed the Eyam hypothesis, after the English Parish of Eyam, sickness behavior protects the social group of infected individuals by limiting their direct contacts, preventing them from contaminating the environment, and broadcasting their health status. Kin selection would help promote such behaviors through evolution. In a highly prosocial species like humans, however, sickness behavior may act as a signal to motivate others to help and care for the sick individual.
Advantages
General advantage
Sickness behavior in its different aspects causes an animal to limit its movement; the metabolic energy not expended in activity is diverted to the fever responses, which involves raising body temperature. This also limits an animal's exposure to predators while it is cognitively and physically impaired.
Specific advantages
The individual components of sickness behavior have specific individual advantages. Anorexia limits food ingestion and therefore reduces the availability of iron in the gut (and from gut absorption). Iron may aid bacterial reproduction, so its reduction is useful during sickness. Plasma concentrations of iron are lowered for this anti-bacterial reason in fever. Lowered threshold for pain ensures that an animal is attentive that it does not place pressure on injured and inflamed tissues that might disrupt their healing. Reduced grooming is adaptive since it reduces water loss.
Inclusive fitness advantages
According to the 'Eyam hypothesis', sickness behavior, by promoting immobility and social disinterest, limits the direct contacts of individuals with their relatives. By reducing eating and drinking, it limits diarrhea and defecation, reducing environmental contamination. By reducing self-grooming and changing stance, gait and vocalization, it also signals poor health to kin. All in all, sickness behavior reduces the rate of further infection, a trait that is likely propagated by kin selection.
Social advantage
Humans helped each other in case of sickness or injury throughout their hunter-gatherer past and afterwards. Convincing others of being badly in need of relief, assistance, and care heightened the chance of survival of the sick individual. High direct costs, such as energy spent on fever and potential harm caused by high body temperatures, and high opportunity costs, as caused by inactivity, social disinterest, and lack of appetite, make sickness behavior a highly costly and therefore credible signal of need.
Immune control
Lipopolysaccharides trigger the immune system to produce proinflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). These peripherally released cytokines act on the brain via a fast transmission pathway involving primary input through the vagus nerves, and a slow transmission pathway involving cytokines originating from the choroid plexus and circumventricular organs and diffusing into the brain parenchyma by volume transmission. Peripheral cytokines are capable of entering the brain directly but are large lipophilic polypeptide proteins that generally do not easily passively diffuse across the blood-brain barrier. They may also induce the expression of other cytokines in the brain that cause sickness behavior. Acute psychosocial stress enhances the ability of an immune response to trigger both inflammation and behavioral sickness.
Behavioral conditioning
The components of sickness behavior can be learned by conditional association. For example, if a saccharin solution is given with a chemical that triggers a particular aspect of sickness behavior, on later occasions the saccharin solution will trigger it by itself.
Medical conditions
Depression
It has been proposed that major depressive disorder is nearly identical with sickness behavior, raising the possibility that it is a maladaptive manifestation of sickness behavior due to abnormalities in circulating cytokines. Moreover, chronic, but not acute, treatment with antidepressant drugs was found to attenuate sickness behavior symptoms in rodents. The mood effects caused by interleukin-6 following an immune response have been linked to increased activity within the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex, an area involved in the etiology of depression. Inflammation-associated mood change can also produce a reduction in the functional connectivity of this part of the brain to the amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, and superior temporal sulcus.
Cancer side effect
In cancer, both the disease and the chemotherapy treatment can cause proinflammatory cytokine release which can cause sickness behavior as a side effect.
See also
Evolutionary medicine
Proinflammatory cytokines
References
Symptoms
Evolutionary biology
Cytokines |
6900131 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBASIC | CBASIC | CBASIC is a compiled version of the BASIC programming language written for the CP/M operating system by Gordon Eubanks in 1976–1977. It is an enhanced version of BASIC-E.
History
BASIC-E was Eubank's master's thesis project. It was developed in PL/M by Eubanks for Gary Kildall's new CP/M operating system while both men were at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California. BASIC-E was based on a BASIC compiler originally written by Gary Kildall in 1974.
Because it was developed at public expense, BASIC-E is in the public domain and could not be marketed exclusively. Seymour Rubinstein, the marketing director of IMSAI contacted Eubanks and asked him to create a saleable version under contract for the IMSAI 8080 microcomputer. Eubanks developed CBASIC in his spare time while he was still a naval officer stationed on the submarine USS George Washington at Vallejo, California. He retained joint ownership of the program with IMSAI, and sold the program through his own company, Compiler Systems, until it was acquired by Digital Research in 1981.
CBASIC COMPILER VER 2.07
CRUN VER 2.38 / COPYRIGHT 1981 COMPILER SYSTEMS INC.
Features
BASIC-E and early versions of CBASIC compiled source code into an intermediate p-code file, which was then executed by a separate run-time interpreter program. CBASIC could execute in a minimum of 24 KB of memory. Line numbers in the program source were optional, unless needed as a label for a program jump. CBASIC proved very popular because it incorporated 14-digit binary-coded decimal (BCD) math which eliminated MBASIC's rounding errors that were sometimes troublesome for accounting.
CBASIC2 adds the following features:
Integer variables
Chaining with common variables
Additional pre-defined functions
Cross reference capability
Reception
InfoWorld in 1980 described CBASIC as the "primary language for the development of commercial CP/M applications", because of developers' widespread familiarity with BASIC and ability to distribute royalty-free binaries without source code to CBASIC owners. The magazine stated that the language had become popular "despite serious drawbacks", including the required preprocessor for interpreted source code making debugging difficult, slow speed, and incompatible changes. Jerry Pournelle said in May 1983 that Digital Research had "practically ruin[ed]" Eubanks' CBASIC manual after acquiring his company, but that the new edition was much better.
References
External links
Gordon Eubanks own story of BASIC-E and CBASIC, Computer World oral history transcript, November 2000
BASIC-E Reference Manual (December 1976)
CBASIC 2 Reference Manual (Table of contents on p. 115) November 1981
Another CBASIC description
cbc – a CBASIC to C converter
Interpreter in 6502 assembler
CBASIC 2.8 = CBASIC-86 1.00 Posting by Emmanuel Roche
BASIC interpreters
BASIC compilers
CP/M software
Programming languages created in 1977
BASIC programming language family |
23573490 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20ECM%20Prague%20Open%20%E2%80%93%20Singles | 2009 ECM Prague Open – Singles | The women's singles of the 2009 ECM Prague Open tournament was played on clay in Prague, Czech Republic.
Vera Zvonareva was the defending champion, but was sidelined due to an ankle injury.
Sybille Bammer won in the final 7-6(4), 6-2 against Francesca Schiavone.
Seeds
Draw
Finals
Top half
Bottom half
External links
Main Draw
Qualifying Draw
ECM Prague Open - Singles
2009 - Singles |
6900133 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Phantom%20of%20Pine%20Hill | The Phantom of Pine Hill | The Phantom of Pine Hill is the forty-second volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1965 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot
Nancy Drew, along with her friends arrive for the Emerson University June Week celebration. There is a mix-up with the motel reservations, but Ned comes to the rescue. Afterward, Ned and Nancy go to a dance, where a young waiter, Fred, spills drinks on Nancy's dress. After cleaning up, Nancy realizes that her pearl necklace is missing, leading her to a baffling mystery. John Rorick, a descendant of the early settlers of the town, invites the three girls as his guests at his historic mansion on Pine Hill.
After they arrive, he tells them of the phantom who haunts the mansion's library. John also relates the weird family saga of a lost French wedding gown and of valuable gifts and gold coins that were lost in the sinking of the 'Lucy Belle' one hundred years ago. After discovering a secret passage to the library from the chimney and a secret shack, the suspicion turns on Fred and his father.
In between enjoying the university's June Week, river pageant, and fraternity dances, Nancy and her friends work diligently to solve the mystery of Pine Hill and locate the long-lost wedding treasures.
References
External links
Nancy Drew books
1965 American novels
1965 children's books
Grosset & Dunlap books
Children's mystery novels |
23573492 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolany%20nad%20Vltavou | Dolany nad Vltavou | Dolany nad Vltavou (until 2016 Dolany) is a municipality and village in Mělník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants. The historic centre of Debrno within the municipality is well preserved and protected by law as a village monument zone.
Administrative parts
The village of Debrno is an administrative part of Dolany nad Vltavou.
Geography
Dolany nad Vltavou lies about southeast of Mělník and north of Prague.
The municipality is located on the left bank of the Vltava River in the place, where the rocky valley of the Vltava ends and begins a plain typical for the confluence of the rivers Vltava and Elbe. The highest point of the municipality has an elevation of .
References
Villages in Mělník District |
20465937 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert%20Pape | Albert Pape | Albert Arthur Pape (13 June 1897 – 18 November 1955) was an English footballer. His regular position was as a forward. Born in Elsecar, West Riding of Yorkshire, he played for several clubs in The Football League, including Notts County, Clapton Orient and Manchester United.
Football career
Born in Elsecar, then in the West Riding of Yorkshire, Pape began his football career with Wath Athletic, a club from the nearby town of Wath-upon-Dearne. Upon the outbreak of the First World War, Pape joined the King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry and played for the regimental football team, returning to play for Bolton-on-Dearne at the cessation of hostilities. In December 1919, Pape was signed by Rotherham County, who had been elected to the Football League Second Division at the start of the season, and he made a goalscoring debut on 17 January 1920 in a 4–3 win over Coventry City. In four seasons with Rotherham County, Pape scored 41 goals in 113 league appearances, including a spell in the 1922–23 season in which he scored eight goals in five matches.
He signed for Notts County at the end of that season, but made just six appearances in 1923–24 before moving on to Clapton Orient. In eight months with Orient, he scored 11 goals in 24 league matches. In February 1925, Orient travelled to a match against a Manchester United side that had just sold its star striker, Bill Henderson, to Preston North End. United manager John Chapman had telephoned the Orient manager Peter Proudfoot before they left London, and the two clubs agreed a fee of £1,070 for Pape. They met up at Manchester Piccadilly station just after noon, and Pape – who was a friend of the United captain Frank Barson, and had relatives in nearby Bolton – quickly agreed terms. The details were wired to The Football Association and The Football League at around 1:30 p.m., and although Pape had been named in Orient's starting line-up for the match, he was confirmed as a Manchester United player with about an hour left before kick-off. Pape was not only allowed to start the match in the colours of Manchester United, but he also scored the team's third goal in a 4–2 win over his previous employers, as well as hitting the post with a header late in the game. He made 15 further appearances that season, and scored four more goals. He also made two appearances in 1925–26, but he was then sold to Fulham in October 1925. However, he was reluctant to return to London, and only signed with Fulham on the condition that he could continue to live in Bolton and train with Manchester United. Five months later, the two clubs met in the Sixth Round of the FA Cup, and although Pape scored, Manchester United won the match 2–1.
After two seasons with Fulham, in which he scored 12 goals in 42 appearances, Pape dropped out of League football to join North Wales coast side Rhyl Athletic, but he was there for less than six months before joining Hurst back in Manchester for the second half of the 1927–28 season. He scored at a rate of almost one goal a game, and even scored a hat-trick on his debut against Port Vale Reserves in the Cheshire County League. Towards the end of the season, the club suffered a goalkeeping injury crisis, and Pape was forced to play one match in goal. In September 1928, Pape was named as player-coach at Darwen, and was also made club captain. However, five months later, he was signed by Manchester Central, before returning to League football for the start of the 1929–30 season with Hartlepools United. He scored 21 goals in 37 appearances for Hartlepools United in the Football League Third Division North, and was signed by Halifax Town for one final season of League football in July 1930, scoring 15 goals in 25 appearances in 1930–31. He spent time with Burscough Rangers, Horwich RMI and Nelson before retiring from football.
References
General
Specific
External links
Profile at StretfordEnd.co.uk
Profile at MUFCInfo.com
1897 births
1955 deaths
People from Elsecar
English footballers
Association football forwards
Rotherham County F.C. players
Notts County F.C. players
Leyton Orient F.C. players
Manchester United F.C. players
Fulham F.C. players
Rhyl F.C. players
Ashton United F.C. players
Darwen F.C. players
Hartlepool United F.C. players
Halifax Town A.F.C. players
Burscough F.C. players
Leigh Genesis F.C. players
Nelson F.C. players
Manchester Central F.C. players
Sportspeople from Yorkshire
British Army personnel of World War I
King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry soldiers |
20465970 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy%20Boyle%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201901%29 | Tommy Boyle (footballer, born 1901) | Thomas Boyle (21 February 1901 – 9 January 1972) was an English footballer who played as an inside right or right half. He played for Sheffield United, Manchester United and Northampton Town, winning the FA Cup with Sheffield United in 1925. He later spent a season as player-manager of Scarborough.
Playing career
Born in Sheffield, Boyle was spotted playing for the Bullcroft Colliery team and signed for Sheffield United in 1921. He initially found it difficult to establish himself in the first team, but over time his form improved, particularly his heading, which was a factor in him being selected for the 1925 FA Cup Final ahead of the more experienced Tommy Sampy. He left the Blades in 1929 after making over 140 appearances and scoring 40 goals.
Boyle signed for Manchester United for £2,000, but failed to settle and spent only one relatively unproductive season at Old Trafford in which he made just 17 starts. He was registered as a player by Macclesfield Town in May 1930 but by July of the same year had left for Northampton Town where he spent a successful five seasons, starting over 140 games for the Cobblers.
In 1935, Boyle was appointed player-manager of non-league Scarborough where he spent a reasonably successful season before retiring.
Personal life
Boyle was the son of Irish international Peter Boyle who had also lifted the FA Cup trophy with Sheffield United in both 1899 and 1902. After leaving Scarborough, Boyle became the licensee of the Plough Inn in nearby Scalby, North Yorkshire.
Honours
Sheffield United
FA Cup: 1924–25
References
External links
Profile at StretfordEnd.co.uk
Profile at MUFCInfo.com
1901 births
1972 deaths
Footballers from Sheffield
English footballers
Association football inside forwards
Bullcroft Main Colliery F.C. players
Sheffield United F.C. players
Manchester United F.C. players
Macclesfield Town F.C. players
Northampton Town F.C. players
Scarborough F.C. players
English Football League players
English football managers
Scarborough F.C. managers
People from the Borough of Scarborough
English people of Irish descent
FA Cup Final players |
23573500 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Whitworth%20%28poet%29 | John Whitworth (poet) | John Whitworth (11 December 1945 - 20 April 2019) was a British poet. Born in India in 1945, he began writing poetry at Merton College, Oxford. He went on to win numerous prizes and publish in many highly regarded venues. He published twelve books: ten collections of his own work, an anthology of which he was the editor, and a textbook on writing poetry.
Life
Whitworth was born in India in 1945. He graduated from Merton College, Oxford. His work appeared in Poetry Review, The Times Literary Supplement, London Magazine, The Spectator, Quadrant, New Poetry, The Flea, Chimaera, HyperTexts, Light, Qualm, and Shit Creek Review. He taught a master class at University of Kent. He was a judge for the 9th Poetry on the Lake Competition, 2009.
He read at Lamar University.
He read at the 9th annual Sarah Lawrence College Poetry Festival 2012.
He was married to Doreen Roberts, who taught at the University of Kent; they had two daughters, Ellie and Katie.
Awards
1988 Cholmondeley Award
2004 The Silver Wyvern, Poetry on the Lake
2009 Eleanor Room Poetry Award Lamar University
2011 Literary Review £5000 Poetry Prize
Bibliography
Poetry
Collections
Anthologies
List of poems
Non-fiction
References
External links
About John Whitworth at Poetry Archive
John Whitworth Poems in Qualm
John Whitworth 2011 Poems in Qualm
1945 births
2019 deaths
British poets
British male poets
Alumni of Merton College, Oxford
Quadrant (magazine) people |
20465974 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renos%20Doweiya | Renos Doweiya | Jalon Renos Doweiya (born 16 November 1983) is a Nauruan weightlifter.
At the Commonwealth Games in Manchester in 2002 he finished in third place in the 77 kg weight class. However, this was later upgraded to a silver medal after Indian Satheesha Rai was disqualified due to doping. He also won gold medals at the Oceania Games, in both 2001 and 2002.
References
Nauruan male weightlifters
1983 births
Living people
Commonwealth Games medallists in weightlifting
Weightlifters at the 2002 Commonwealth Games
Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Nauru |
6900137 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annalena%20Tonelli | Annalena Tonelli | Annalena Tonelli (2 April 1943 – 5 October 2003) was an Italian lawyer and social activist. She worked for 33 years in East Africa, where she focused on tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment, campaigns for eradication of female genital mutilation, and special schools for hearing-impaired, blind and disabled children. In June 2003, Tonelli was awarded the Nansen Refugee Award, which is given annually by the UNHCR to recognize outstanding service to the cause of refugees. In October 2003, she was killed inside her hospital by two gunmen. She is a candidate for sainthood within the Catholic Church in Somalia
Biography
Annalena Tonelli was born in 1943 in Forlì, Italy. She studied Law, becoming a lawyer after graduation.
After "six years of service to poor people of the suburbs, to orphan children, mentally or physically disabled or abused kids" of her own town, in 1969, the then 25-year-old Tonelli went to Africa supported by the Committee Against World Hunger of Forlì, that she had helped to start its activity.
Kenya
Wajir
In 1969 Tonelli moved to Kenya, where she began working as a teacher at Wajir Secondary School. After some years studied to be a nurse to and spent over a decade in the town of Wajir caring for the destitute and ill.
Already in 1976, Tonelli became responsible for a World Health Organization (WHO) pilot project for treating tuberculosis in nomadic people. Tonelli invited nomadic tuberculotic patients to camp in front of the Rehabilitation Centre for Disabled she was running with other female volunteers who joined her to serve poliomyelitic, blind, deaf-mute, and disabled people. This approach guaranteed patients' compliance in taking the therapy over the needed six-month treatment, and it was adopted by WHO as DOTS (Directly Observed Therapy Short).
Tonelli also created a deaf school in Wajir whose graduates have gone to other parts of Somali-speaking Africa to start schools. At this Wajir deaf school was born Somali Sign Language for the first time.
In 1984, following political and inter-clan clashes, the army of Kenya started a repression campaign against the Degodia Somali clan in the Wajir area known as the Wagalla Massacre. The Degodia were suspected of being Shifta or bandits along the roadways. The Kenyan military rounded up 5000 men and boys and brought them to the Wagalla Airstrip and forced them to lie on the stomachs naked for 5 days. Possibly a thousand were shot, tortured or died of exposure. Annalena brought a couple lorries and her Toyota Serf to the Wagalla Airstrip and attempted to collect the bodies and treat the wounded but was refused. Later she followed the tracks of the military vehicles who were dumping the bodies outside the Wagalla Airstrip. Some were not dead and she rescued them. She brought a journalist to photograph the genocide. She smuggled the photos out with Barbara Lefkow, the wife of an American diplomat to put pressure on the international community. The public denunciation by Annalena Tonelli helped to stop the killings but not before thousands died. The Wagalla Massacre is Kenya's worst human rights violation in its history. Arrested and taken in front of a martial court she was told that the fact she escaped two ambushes was not a guarantee to survive a third one. Due to Tonelli's vehement protests over the Kenyan military's use of violence against the Wajir community, the Kenyan authorities refused to extend her work permit. Tonelli subsequently relocated to Somalia.
Somalia
Tonelli first settled in the southern port town of Merca, which during the colonial period was part of Italian Somaliland. She later moved to Borama in the northwestern Awdal region, a town in the former British Somaliland protectorate. Tonelli would spend the next 19 years working in Somalia.
In Borama, Tonelli founded a tuberculosis hospital on the grounds of a colonial period facility. Her family and friends in Italy helped finance the hospital, contributing $20,000 a month for maintenance.
In October 2003, Tonelli was assassinated at the tuberculosis hospital she started in Borama by unknown gunmen. There are several rumors about why she was killed. The most plausible is that she was killed by a group who protested her bringing HIV/AIDS patients into Borama. In November, 2002 hundreds of protesters marched in front of her Borama hospital throwing stones and shouting "Death to Annalena." They felt she was spreading the disease in their city. Other rumors say she was killed by a disgruntled former worker who felt she owed him a job or that she was killed by men belonging to Al-Itihaad al-Islamiya.
Two weeks after Tonelli's assassination, Dick and Enid Eyeington were murdered in their flat at the SOS Sheikh Secondary School in the town of Sheekh, situated in the northwestern Somaliland region of Somalia. The assassins possibly belonged to the same terror cell. They were reportedly arrested in 2004, tried and sentenced to death under a local court.
Awards
In June 2003, Tonelli was presented the Nansen Refugee Award. The prize is given annually by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees to recognize outstanding service to the cause of refugees.
References
External links
Riportiamo la testimonianza della donna che ha operato per lunghi anni in Somalia al servizio dei più bisognosi by Annalena Tonelli
Stronger than Death: How Annalena Tonelli Defied Terror and Tuberculosis in the Horn of Africa, by Rachel Pieh Jones
1943 births
2003 deaths
2003 murders in Somalia
People from Forlì
Italian activists
Assassinated activists
Assassinated Italian people
Deaths by firearm in Somalia
Italian people murdered abroad
People murdered in Somalia
Italian Servants of God
21st-century venerated Christians
21st-century Roman Catholic martyrs
Italian women lawyers
20th-century Italian lawyers
21st-century Italian lawyers
HIV/AIDS activists
20th-century women lawyers
21st-century women lawyers
October 2003 crimes
October 2003 events in Africa |
20465983 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eskimo%20Artist%3A%20Kenojuak | Eskimo Artist: Kenojuak | Eskimo Artist: Kenojuak is a 1964 Canadian short,documentary film about Inuk artist Kenojuak Ashevak, directed by John Feeney. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short.
Regarding the use of the term "Eskimo" in the title, Feeney wrote in 1993 that he had suggested using the now-accepted term "Inuit" in the film, but had been told that it would be confusing for non-Inuit audiences of the day.
Eskimo Artist: Kenojuak found new life again in 1992, when filmmakers Colin Low and Tony Ianzelo combined archival and contemporary footage of Kenojuak in Momentum, Canada's IMAX HD film for Expo '92.
References
External links
Watch the film at NFB.ca
1960s English-language films
1964 documentary films
1964 short films
Canadian short documentary films
Inuktitut-language films
National Film Board of Canada documentaries
Films directed by John Feeney
Documentary films about visual artists
Documentary films about women
Inuit art
Films produced by Tom Daly
National Film Board of Canada short films
Documentary films about Inuit in Canada
Quebec films
1960s short documentary films
Inuit films
Films about Inuit in Canada
1960s Canadian films |
6900141 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Jefferys | Thomas Jefferys | Thomas Jefferys (c. 1719 – 1771), "Geographer to King George III", was an English cartographer who was the leading map supplier of his day. He engraved and printed maps for government and other official bodies and produced a wide range of commercial maps and atlases, especially of North America.
Early work
As "Geographer to the Prince of Wales", he produced A Plan of all the Houses, destroyed & damaged by the Great Fire, which began in Exchange Alley Cornhill, on Friday March 25, 1748. He produced The Small English Atlas with Thomas Kitchin, and he engraved plans of towns in the English Midlands.
Maps of North America
In 1754, Jefferys published a Map of the Most Inhabited Part of Virginia which had been surveyed by Joshua Fry and Peter Jefferson in 1751. The next year he published a map of New England surveyed by John Green, and in 1768 he published A General Topography of North America and the West Indies in association with Robert Sayer. In 1775, after his death, collections of his maps were published by Sayer as The American Atlas and The West-India Atlas. The American Atlas was reissued in 1776, expanded in response to growing hostilities between the British and the Americans; it contains maps by Joshua Fry, Peter Jefferson, Lewis Evans, and others.
In 1754, Jefferys took a robust and public stance in the controversy with the French on the boundary of Nova Scotia and Acadia, which arose in the time and context of Father Le Loutre's War, which is commonly held to have begun in 1749 and ended with the expulsion of the Acadians in 1755.
Jefferys posthumously lent his name in 1776 to The American Atlas: Or, A Geographical Description Of The Whole Continent Of America. It contains works by, amongst others, Joshua Fry and Peter Jefferson.
Maps of English counties
Jefferys commissioned surveys and published maps of several English counties. These were large-scale maps with several sheets for each county; in the case of Bedfordshire and Huntingdonshire the scale was two inches to one mile (1:31680).
Bedfordshire, surveyed 1765 by Scots cartographer John Ainslie, published 1765, reprinted 1983
Huntingdonshire, surveyed 1766, published 1768
Oxfordshire, surveyed 1766-67, published (by Andrew Dury) 1767
County Durham, published 1768
Buckinghamshire, surveyed 1766-68 by John Ainslie, published 1770, reprinted 2000
Westmoreland, surveyed 1768, published 1770
Yorkshire, surveyed 1767-70 by John Ainslie, published 1771-72
Cumberland, surveyed 1770-71, published 1774
Northamptonshire, survey (originally by Thomas Eyre) revised 1771, published 1779
After the death of Jefferys, these maps were re-issued by other map publishers such as William Faden.
See also
Sea of the West
References
1719 births
1771 deaths
English cartographers
18th-century geographers
18th-century English people
18th-century cartographers |
6900142 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fragosa%20Beach | Fragosa Beach | Fragosa Beach (Praia da Fragosa in Portuguese) is an extensive maritime beach of Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal. It is located in the parish of A Ver-o-Mar. The beach is popular in the summer, but very calm during winter. The beach has white sand and no or very few rocks.
In front of the beach there's Forcado Islet, small and rocky, the islet has the shape of a camel's double hump.
External links
Fragosa Beach in Google Maps
Beaches of Póvoa de Varzim |
20466001 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C4%83t%C4%83lin%20Anghel | Cătălin Anghel | Cătălin Anghel (born 4 October 1974) is a former Romanian footballer and current assistant coach of Liga I club Farul Constanța.
Club career
Anghel played for his native club Farul Constanța. He joined Ukrainian First League side FC Stal Alchevsk during the 2003–04 season, and helped the club reach the quarter-finals of the Ukrainian Cup. He then moved to Hungary playing for BVSC Budapest and Kaposvári Rákóczi.
Coaching career
After his retirement he worked as head coach for CSO Ovidiu and Viitorul Constanța.
Honours
Coach
Viitorul Constanța
Liga III: 2009–10
References
Sportspeople from Constanța
1974 births
Living people
Romanian footballers
Association football midfielders
FCV Farul Constanța players
Budapesti VSC footballers
Kaposvári Rákóczi FC players
FC Stal Alchevsk players
FC Irtysh Pavlodar players
Romanian expatriate footballers
Expatriate footballers in Hungary
Expatriate footballers in Ukraine
Expatriate footballers in Kazakhstan
Romanian expatriate sportspeople in Hungary
Romanian expatriate sportspeople in Ukraine
Liga I players
Nemzeti Bajnokság I players
Romanian football managers
FC Viitorul Constanţa managers
Association football forwards |
6900143 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Mystery%20of%20the%2099%20Steps | The Mystery of the 99 Steps | The Mystery of the 99 Steps is the forty-third volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1966 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot summary
Nancy looks for a flight of the 99 steps in France to solve the mystery of a friend's strange dream. Before Nancy, Bess, and George leaves the United States for France, a person calling himself Monsieur Neuf warns Nancy not to pursue her mission.
The girls arrive in Paris and join Nancy’s father, who is trying to find out who or what is causing wealthy financier Monsieur Leblanc to selling large amounts of securities.
Nancy determines that the case she is investigating involving the 99 steps is linked to the case her father is following. Nancy thinks that Monsieur Leblanc could be being blackmailed.
Startling discoveries convince the youn that Mr. Drew's case and her own mystery are linked by the 99 steps, and that a mysterious Arab has a strong hold over Leblanc. Nancy thinks it could be blackmail.
Nancy goes to an area in the Loire Valley to look for more clues, and Nancy, Bess, and George wind up in danger.
External links
1966 American novels
1966 children's books
Grosset & Dunlap books
Nancy Drew books
Novels set in the Loire Valley
Children's mystery novels |
20466019 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stockport%20Smith | Stockport Smith | William Smith, commonly known as Stockport Smith, was an English footballer. His regular position was as an inside right, but he also played in various other forward positions and even as a wing half on occasion. He played for Stockport County, Manchester City, and Newton Heath. He joined Manchester City from Stockport in 1897 and scored 22 goals in 54 league appearances in three years at the club. He is often confused with another William Smith who played for Manchester City at the same time; because of this, they were known to Manchester City fans by the clubs they were signed from; this William Smith is referred to as "Stockport Smith" and the other as "Buxton Smith".
Smith rejoined Stockport in 1900, but was unable to reproduce his goalscoring feats and moved on to Newton Heath for their final season before they were renamed as Manchester United. He made his Newton Heath debut on 14 September 1901, playing at outside right for a 5–0 defeat away to Middlesbrough. His only goal for Newton Heath may have come on 5 October 1901 in a 3–3 home draw with his former club, Stockport County, although this goal is credited to Alf Schofield by some sources. No record of Smith's football career exists beyond the 1901–02 season.
External links
Profile at StretfordEnd.co.uk
MUFCInfo.com profile
10 Worsley Terrace....The Story of Wigan Town Wigan Observer: 27 December 1905: Page 8, column 3
English footballers
Stockport County F.C. players
Manchester United F.C. players
Manchester City F.C. players
Association football forwards
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing |
6900144 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20medium%20is%20the%20message | The medium is the message | "The medium is the message" is a phrase coined by the Canadian communication theorist Marshall McLuhan and the name of the first chapter in his Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man, published in 1964. McLuhan proposes that a communication medium itself, not the messages it carries, should be the primary focus of study. He showed that artifacts such as media affect any society by their characteristics, or content.
McLuhan's theory
McLuhan uses the term 'message' to signify content and character. The content of the medium is a message that can be easily grasped and the character of the medium is another message which can be easily overlooked. McLuhan says "Indeed, it is only too typical that the 'content' of any medium blinds us to the character of the medium". For McLuhan, it was the medium itself that shaped and controlled "the scale and form of human association and action". Taking the movie as an example, he argued that the way this medium played with conceptions of speed and time transformed "the world of sequence and connections into the world of creative configuration and structure". Therefore, the message of the movie medium is this transition from "lineal connections" to "configurations". Extending the argument for understanding the medium as the message itself, he proposed that the "content of any medium is always another medium" – thus, speech is the content of writing, writing is the content of print, and print itself is the content of the telegraph.
McLuhan frequently punned on the word "message", changing it to "mass age", "mess age", and "massage". A later book, The Medium Is the Massage was originally to be titled The Medium is the Message, but McLuhan preferred the new title, which is said to have been a printing error.
Concerning the title, McLuhan wrote: The title "The Medium Is the Massage" is a teaser—a way of getting attention. There's a wonderful sign hanging in a Toronto junkyard which reads, 'Help Beautify Junkyards. Throw Something Lovely Away Today.' This is a very effective way of getting people to notice a lot of things. And so the title is intended to draw attention to the fact that a medium is not something neutral—it does something to people. It takes hold of them. It rubs them off, it massages them and bumps them around, chiropractically, as it were, and the general roughing up that any new society gets from a medium, especially a new medium, is what is intended in that title".
McLuhan argues that a "message" is, "the change of scale or pace or pattern" that a new invention or innovation "introduces into human affairs".
McLuhan understood "medium" as a medium of communication in the broadest sense. In Understanding Media he wrote: "The instance of the electric light may prove illuminating in this connection. The electric light is pure information. It is a medium without a message, as it were, unless it is used to spell out some verbal ad or name." The light bulb is a clear demonstration of the concept of "the medium is the message": a light bulb does not have content in the way that a newspaper has articles or a television has programs, yet it is a medium that has a social effect; that is, a light bulb enables people to create spaces during nighttime that would otherwise be enveloped by darkness. He describes the light bulb as a medium without any content. McLuhan states that "a light bulb creates an environment by its mere presence". Likewise, the message of a newscast about a heinous crime may be less about the individual news story itself (the content), and more about the change in public attitude towards crime that the newscast engenders by the fact that such crimes are in effect being brought into the home to watch over dinner.
In Understanding Media, McLuhan describes the "content" of a medium as a juicy piece of meat carried by the burglar to distract the watchdog of the mind. This means that people tend to focus on the obvious, which is the content, to provide us valuable information, but in the process, we largely miss the structural changes in our affairs that are introduced subtly, or over long periods of time. As society's values, norms, and ways of doing things change because of the technology, it is then we realize the social implications of the medium. These range from cultural or religious issues and historical precedents, through interplay with existing conditions, to the secondary or tertiary effects in a cascade of interactions that we are not aware of.
On the subject of art history, McLuhan interpreted Cubism as announcing clearly that the medium is the message. For him, Cubist art required "instant sensory awareness of the whole" rather than perspective alone. In other words, with Cubism one could not ask what the artwork was about (content), but rather consider it in its entirety.
See also
Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television
Hyperreality
Philosophy of technology
Post-structuralism
Technology and society
Amusing Ourselves to Death
References
External links
MediaTropes eJournal A scholarly journal, Vol. 1, Marshall McLuhan's "Medium is the Message": Information Literacy in a Multimedia Age
Guardian Big Ideas podcast by Benjamen Walker
1964 neologisms
Aesthetics
Concepts in aesthetics
Concepts in epistemology
Concepts in ethics
Concepts in metaphilosophy
Concepts in political philosophy
Concepts in social philosophy
English phrases
Linguistics
Marshall McLuhan
Media studies
Philosophical phrases
Philosophical theories
Quotations from literature
Quotations from philosophy |
17333702 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20Lau | Henry Lau | Henry Lau (; ; born October 11, 1989), often mononymously referred to as Henry, is a Canadian singer, songwriter, musician, record producer, and actor based in South Korea and China. He debuted in 2008 as a member of Super Junior-M and launched his solo career in 2013 with Trap. His original soundtrack "It's You" released in 2017 became the most streamed Korean OST on Spotify for two consecutive years in 2018 and 2019. In 2018, Henry left SM Entertainment following the expiration of his contract, and subsequently joined Monster Entertainment Group.
Henry made his Hollywood debut in 2019 with the film A Dog's Journey produced by Amblin Entertainment. In 2020, he starred in the action-fantasy movie Double World. The film was released on Netflix and the Chinese streaming service iQIYI, becoming the first movie produced in Mainland China to have a simultaneous global release.
Henry is also known for his television work in the programs Real Man and I Live Alone, for which he received the Best Newcomer Award (2014) and Excellence Male Award (2017) respectively at the MBC Entertainment Awards.
Early life
Henry Lau was born on October 11, 1989, in Toronto, Ontario. His father is from Hong Kong with Teochew ancestry and his mother is from Pingtung, Taiwan. He was raised in the neighbourhood of Willowdale located in the district of North York. His father works in real estate while his mother was a stay-at-home mom. He has a younger sister, Whitney (born in 1993), and an older brother, Clinton (born in 1988), who also serves as the CEO of his current label, Monster Entertainment Group. He attended Zion Heights Junior High School, then North Toronto Collegiate Institute for grade 9 and A.Y. Jackson Secondary School for the rest of his high school years. In his last year of high school, Henry was chosen at the 2006 SM Entertainment Global Audition in Toronto; he was one of two out of three thousand applicants who were recruited. He was accepted by the University of Toronto for both music education and violin performance programs, but chose not to attend after accepting SM's offer.
Henry started learning how to play the piano from his mother at the age of four, and began taking violin lessons at the age of five. His teacher was Arkady Yanivker, a soloist and former violinist of the Toronto Symphony Orchestra. He later learned to play the electric violin in 2005. He received the Canadian Royal Conservatory of Music (RCM) Regional Gold Medal for Level 10 in violin, and has also achieved Level 10 in piano. In high school, he learned a hip hop dance style called boogaloo popping. He was heads of both the after-school violin club and popping club, where he came up with the idea of simultaneously doing both after the two clubs had conflicting meeting times.
He never expected to become a singer and did not know anything about K-pop before his friends suggested him to audition for SM. For his audition, Henry performed a Vivaldi piece on the violin while incorporating popping during the piece's fast passages, as well as a cappella singing; he received an offer from the company the following week. At the time, he applied for colleges for classical music, but ultimately decided to go "down the K-pop road", as he explains, "I'll be dancing and singing, but that doesn't mean I won't be able to play the violin anymore or piano. I decided that I had to go down this road because that was the only way I could do pretty much everything." He initially declined the offer because his father wanted him to go to university. After his mother was impressed during a visit to the company in South Korea, she convinced his father for him to accept the offer.
Henry is able to speak four languages. Aside from speaking native English, he is fluent in Mandarin and Korean and can speak conversational Cantonese.
Career
2007–2012: Career beginnings and Super Junior-M
Henry appeared as a violinist in South Korean group Super Junior's music video for "Don't Don" in September 2007. The song features a violin part, which is performed by Henry. In October 2007, SM Entertainment announced that he would debut as a member of a Super Junior China sub-group, Super Junior-M, the following year. The announcement caused controversy among Super Junior fans due to rumours that SM wanted to add Henry as the fourteenth member of Super Junior, which led fans to form an "Only 13" campaign. Henry described the situation as "if Backstreet Boys wanted a new Boy," and the backlash led to him "being on the sidelines for years." Super Junior-M debuted by releasing a promotional single "U", a Mandarin remake of Super Junior's 2006 best-selling Korean single on April 8, 2008. They also debuted in China on the same day at the 8th Annual Music Chart Awards. Their debut album, Me was released on April 23, 2008. Together with the Super Junior-M members, Henry made a cameo appearance in the CCTV2 drama Stage of Youth in 2009.
A year and a half after debut, Super Junior-M made their sophomore release with the mini-album, Super Girl, on September 23, 2009. The mini-album won many awards and even earned the group a nomination for 'Best Vocal Group' at the 21st Golden Melody Awards, the Chinese equivalent of the Grammy Awards. He featured on the track "Love Me" () from label-mate Zhang Liyin's first single album, Moving On, which was released on October 29, 2009. He performed on Super Junior's second Asian tour, Super Show 2, as part of Super Junior-M, and also performed a self-composed English solo song, "Sick of Love", which remains unreleased.
In 2010, he took a brief hiatus to study music composition at Berklee College of Music in Boston, Massachusetts, where he learned to sing and produce music. At Berklee, he became friends with fellow student Gen Neo, and convinced him to go to Korea to work with him.
He composed a song with Super Junior's leader Leeteuk called "All My Heart" (; Revised Romanization: Jinsim) for Super Junior's fourth repackaged album, Bonamana, released on June 28, 2010. He was featured on Jonghyun and Jinho's duet titled "Don't Lie" from SM the Ballad's first album Miss You, released on November 29, 2010. Henry joined Super Junior on the Super Show 3 Tour.
Henry's solo song "Off My Mind" () was included in Super Junior-M's second EP Perfection which was released on February 25, 2011. The lyrics to the song were written with Geo Neo while studying at Berklee. He worked with Leeteuk again on a song called "Andante" (; Revised Romanization: Andante) for Super Junior's fifth repackaged album, A-CHa, released on September 19, 2011. He toured with Super Junior as a member of Super Junior-M for their fourth tour, Super Show 4. Together with fellow Super Junior-M member Zhou Mi, he performed "Santa U Are the One" on SM Town's eighth winter album, 2011 SMTown Winter – The Warmest Gift, released on December 13, 2011.
In March 2012, he featured on BoA's single "One Dream" alongside Key which served as the opening song for SBS's audition program K-pop Star. The single was included in BoA's seventh Korean studio album, Only One, released on July 22, 2012. He became a member of the project group Younique Unit with Eunhyuk, Taemin, Kai, Luhan, and Hyoyeon, for a collaboration between SM Entertainment and Hyundai. Their single "Maxstep" was released on October 31, 2012. The same year, Henry was cast as the lead in his film debut, Final Recipe, alongside Malaysian actress Michelle Yeoh. The film tells the story of young aspiring chef Mark, played by Henry, who participates in an international cooking contest to save his grandfather's restaurant from going out of business. In preparation for the role, Henry studied under chef and practised cooking 3–4 hours a day for several months.
2013–2014: Debut as a soloist and variety shows
Super Junior-M's second studio album, Break Down, was released on January 7, 2013, along with the title track. The album includes two songs, "Go" and "It's You", that were produced by Henry's production team, NoizeBank. NoizeBank is a music production team comprising Henry and his Berklee classmates Gen Neo, Neil Nallas, and Isaac Han. On February 6, he was confirmed to be a contestant in MasterChef Korea Celebrity, the celebrity version of MasterChef Korea.
On May 30, 2013, it was announced that Henry would make his solo debut. He was SM Entertainment's first male solo artist in 13 years since Kangta. His first solo extended play, Trap was released on June 7, 2013. The title track featured Super Junior's Kyuhyun and Shinee's Taemin. The Chinese version of the Trap EP was released on August 14. Follow-up promotions for the second single, "1-4-3 (I Love You)", which featured label-mate Amber of f(x), commenced on August 23.
In February 2014, Henry joined the cast of the Korean military-variety show Real Man with fellow celebrities Chun Jung-myung, Park Gun-hyung, K.Will. He quickly became the break-out star and variety favourite because of his natural optimism and eagerness to learn Korean culture, despite being Canadian-born and completely unfamiliar with the Korean military. In addition, his appearance in Star King along with his appearance in Real Man propelled his rising popularity. This led to more variety show and CF work, such as being chosen as the first guest in JTBC's Crime Scene, and solo endorsements with KFC Korea and Sprite Korea.
After almost seven months of production, his second EP, Fantastic was released on July 14, 2014. Henry made his Japanese debut with the single album Fantastic on October 8, which included Japanese versions of the songs "Fantastic" and "Trap". In December, he appeared in tvN's classical music variety show Always Cantare.
2015–2017: Television work and single releases
In January 2015, Henry made his Korean acting debut in Mnet's music drama . He released two songs, "The Way#Lies" and "Love +" for the drama's original soundtrack, the latter being a duet with co-star Yoo Sung-eun. Henry teased his upcoming album in February 2015 but the project was delayed for an unknown reason. In March 2015, it was confirmed that Henry had joined We Got Married and was partnered with Yewon. In June, he appeared in the second season of Always Cantare. In November, he played a supporting role in the drama Oh My Venus acting alongside So Ji-sub and Sung Hoon.
Throughout 2016, Henry became more active in China appearing in a slew of reality shows including Sisters Over Flowers 2 and , the latter of which he hosted with He Jiong. Henry co-composed the lead single of Se7en's I Am Seven, titled "Give It To Me", which was released on October 13, 2016. Next, he collaborated with Sistar's Soyou on the song "Runnin'" which was released on October 14 through SM Station. On October 26, 2016, Henry and Mark released "I Want To Enter Your Heart" for the OST of Sweet Stranger and Me; the track was written and composed by Henry.
Henry appeared on the Chinese reality show Back to Field, which aired in January 2017, as one of the three fixed cast members alongside He Jiong and Huang Lei. The same month, he guested on the popular South-Korean reality show I Live Alone which shows the single lifestyles of celebrities. His appearance led to an increase in the show's ratings and he attracted attention for using live loops to reinterpret "Uptown Funk". Subsequently, Henry became a fixed cast member. During his appearance on the show, he composed a brief passage of a song which was then informally titled as "What should I do?". The song continued to garner attention through his appearance on You Hee-yeol's Sketchbook for its beautiful melody and its eccentric "revolutionary" lyrics. The finished track, titled "Girlfriend" (; Revised Romanization: Geuriwoyo) was officially released on March 18, 2017, and peaked at number one on multiple South Korean daily digital charts and number three on the Gaon Download Chart. The track is a soulful R&B piece that incorporates the sound of strings and piano. The lyrics expresses the heartfelt sadness and longing for a past lover, which correlates with the Korean title of the song "그리워요" (lit. Missing you).
On April 29, 2017, he released the single "Real Love" (; Revised Romanization: Sarang jom hago sipeo) and its acoustic version on May 10. On June 23, he released the single "I'm Good" featuring rapper Nafla. In July 2017, Henry joined the Naver TV variety show Snowball Project, a collaboration between artists from SM Entertainment and Mystic Entertainment. He co-produced the song "Lemonade Love" with Yoon Jong Shin, which was released by Mark and Parc Jae Jung. He also rearranged Yoon Jong Shin's 1996 song, "Rebirth", for Red Velvet and released the collaboration single "U&I" with Sunny on the show. On August 30, he released "That One". In October, he released "It's You", which he co-composed for the original soundtrack of the drama While You Were Sleeping (2017). The song became the most streamed Korean OST on Spotify for two consecutive years in 2018 and 2019. In December, he appeared on the fourth season of the Chinese reality show Perhaps Love.
2018–present: Independent label, acting roles, and Journey
In January 2018, it was announced that Henry will arrange and perform a new version of the 1986 song "Daughter's Love" () for the soundtrack of the film The Monkey King 3. In February, he released the soulful R&B single "Monster" in three languages - English, Chinese, Korean. On April 30, 2018, it was announced that Henry had completed his contract with SM Entertainment and had decided to leave the agency. He then set up his own studio in China. Henry joined second season of the busking variety show Begin Again, which aired in May 2018. He returned for the second season of Chinese variety show Back to Field, which aired from April to June 2018.
The same year, he was cast in the lead role in the Chinese film adaptation of the popular video game, Zhengtu. The film, under its English title Double World, was released globally on Netflix in July 2020. In August 2018, Henry was cast as Trent in A Dog's Journey, which was released in May 2019 and marks his American film debut. He was suggested to the filmmakers by Alibaba Pictures, which co-produced the film. On October 27, Henry held his first fan-meeting at Sangmyung Art Center in Seoul. In November 2018, Henry announced that he had joined Monster Entertainment Group, an agency based in South Korea that he founded with his brother, Clinton, to help build his brand globally. Later that month, he briefly signed with AXIS, a music label founded by former YG creative director SINXITY. In December, Henry became a judge on the Chinese reality show for bel canto and classical singers Super-Vocal; the show earned high ratings. On December 26, 2018, South-Korean band g.o.d announced they would be releasing a special 20th anniversary album titled Then & Now, which will feature a remake of the group's 2001 song "Road," rearranged by MeloMance's Jung Dong-hwan and sung by Henry, IU, Urban Zakapa's Jo Hyun Ah, and Yang Da-il.
He returned as part of the cast of Begin Again for its third season, which was broadcast in July 2019. On May 9, 2019, he released "Untitled Love Song" (; Revised Romanization: Jemok eomneun Love Song), his first release under his new label Monster. He previously teased the song in April during an appearance in Idol Room. In August, he released the R&B ballad "I LUV U" which he performed live for the first time in Amalfi, Italy during the filming of Begin Again. He released the single "Don't Forget" (; Revised Romanization: Hangangui bam) in October which was co-written by and features indie duo Rocoberry. He released the Chinese version of his single "I LUV U" titled "But, I Love You" () in December. He also appeared as a judge on the Chinese reality shows and Miss Voice in the last quarter of the year.
In February 2020, Henry released the single "Thinking of You" and its accompanying music video in collaboration with Atelier Cologne. The same month, he featured alongside AlunaGeorge on the electropop track "Nice Things" produced by Far East Movement. In May, he was announced to participate in the fourth season of Begin Again (the first season to be held in Korea due to the pandemic), which aired from June to September. In August, he was selected by Forbes Korea as a '2020 Korea Power YouTuber' for spreading "positive influence" through his YouTube series 'Henry Together' where he collaborates with young musical prodigies. On September 17, 2020, Henry featured in "Take Over", the official song of the 2020 League of Legends World Championship, alongside Jeremy McKinnon and MAX. In October, he was confirmed to play the male lead in the second season of the American series Dramaworld, which was released on Lifetime in April 2021.
On November 18, 2020, Henry released his third EP, Journey, alongside its lead single "Radio". The album peaked at number one on the Gaon Album Chart. SeoulBeats described the album as "captivating" in their review and noted that it "[gives] nods to his complicated musical past", being a multi-instrumentalist and idol turned singer-songwriter. The writer notes Henry's "penchant for interesting instrument choices, loop , and electronic mixing" that makes Journey "[stand] out from most other solo releases as of late".
Henry was awarded the '2020 Art Patron of the Year' in December by the Arts Council Korea in recognition of his furtherance of arts through his original YouTube series 'Henry Together' and his role as the ambassador of Orchestra of Dream.
In August 2021, he joined the fourth season of as one of the four team captains alongside Wang Yibo, Lay Zhang, and Han Geng. The same month, he released the collaboration song "Home" with Roy Wang, a track he co-composed for Wang's album Summer Time.
Musicianship
Henry is a multi-instrumentalist and plays the violin, piano, drums, and guitar. He is known for his performance style which often involves the use of multiple instruments and loop pedals during live performances. He has been nicknamed "one-man band" by Chinese netizens after a viral performance at the Zhejiang TV Autumn Festival in 2019, during which he performed using live looping and played drum pads, a glass bottle, kick drum, marimba, piano, and electric violin while singing.
Other ventures
In May 2018, Henry opened Xiao Zhan, a Taiwanese cuisine restaurant in Sinsa-dong, Gangnam. He has since opened a second branch in Secho-dong. In October 2021, Henry's artwork was featured at the START Art Fair held at London's Saatchi Gallery as part of a special exhibit recognising K-pop's global influence.
Ambassadorships
Since 2019, he has been a Goodwill Ambassador for the nonprofit organizations International Vaccine Institute and Save the Children charity. In May 2020, the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism named Henry as the promotional ambassador for El Sistema Korea, also known as Orchestra of Dream, which supports the musical education of children and young people including those who are underprivileged. Henry performed with members of the orchestra at their 10th Anniversary Concert in November 2020. In June 2021, Henry was appointed ambassador for Seoul Metropolitan Government's 2021 Instrument Donation and Sharing Campaign which aims to distribute used musical instruments to institutions and individuals in need.
Discography
Extended plays
Trap (2013)
Fantastic (2014)
Journey (2020)
Filmography
Awards and nominations
Ambassadorship
PR ambassador in preventing school violence (2022)
References
External links
Henry Lau at Monster Entertainment Group
1989 births
Living people
21st-century Canadian male singers
21st-century Canadian violinists and fiddlers
Berklee College of Music alumni
Canadian contemporary R&B singers
Canadian expatriates in China
Canadian expatriates in South Korea
Canadian male dancers
Canadian male drummers
Canadian male guitarists
Canadian male pianists
Canadian male singer-songwriters
Canadian male violinists and fiddlers
Canadian multi-instrumentalists
Canadian musicians of Chinese descent
Canadian musicians of Hong Kong descent
Canadian musicians of Taiwanese descent
Canadian pop singers
Canadian record producers
Korean-language singers of Canada
K-pop singers
Mandopop singers
Musicians from Toronto
People from Willowdale, Toronto
Super Junior-M members |
23573506 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bleach%20%28season%2013%29 | Bleach (season 13) | The thirteenth season of the Bleach anime series is based on Tite Kubo's Bleach manga series. It is known as the , is directed by Noriyuki Abe and produced by TV Tokyo, Dentsu, and Studio Pierrot. The anime original season focuses on an alternative set of events in which the Soul Reaper's swords, zanpakutō, assume human forms and declare war against their wielders, led by a mysterious man named Muramasa, who is a former zanpakutō.
The season began airing on July 28, 2009 until April 6, 2010 on TV Tokyo in Japan. The English adaptation of the Bleach anime is licensed by Viz Media. The season began airing on Cartoon Network's Adult Swim on November 13, 2011 in the United States, eventually joining the lineup of the newly relaunched Toonami programming block on the same network on May 27, 2012 and ended on August 5, 2012. Aniplex released the season in a series of nine DVD volumes, each containing the first four episodes, from May 26, 2010 to January 26, 2011.
The episodes use five pieces of theme music: two opening themes and three closing themes. The first opening theme, by Scandal, and the first ending theme, "Mad Surfer" by Kenichi Asai, are used for episodes 230 to 242. The second opening theme, by Porno Graffitti, and the second ending theme, by SunSet Swish, are used from episode 243 to 255. The third ending theme, by RSP is used for episodes 256 to 265.
Episode list
References
General
Specific
2009 Japanese television seasons
2010 Japanese television seasons
Season 13 |
17333731 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selineae | Selineae | Selineae is the Angelica or Arracacia clade or tribe of the family Apiaceae. It includes the following genera:
References
Asterid tribes
Apioideae |
23573519 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%27m%20Gonna%20Get%20Married | I'm Gonna Get Married | "I'm Gonna Get Married" is a 1959 R&B/pop hit written by Harold Logan and Lloyd Price and recorded by Lloyd Price. Lloyd's last known performance of "I'm Gonna Get Married" was on July 8, 1994.
Background
The lyrics are addressed to Lloyd as "Johnny" throughout the song. it's a lyrical battle between the chorus, who keep telling Johnny that he's too young to get married, despite how smart he is, and Johnny, who plans to marry the girl he loves, admitting that he's not smart enough to aid his aching heart. Johnny goes on to tell what happens when he's with his girl, which he cannot help it at all.
Lyrics
Johnny, Johnny, Johnny)
(Johnny, you're too young)
But I'm gonna get married
(You're so young)
My name she'll carry
(You're too young)
(And Johnny you're so smart)
But not smart enough to hide
An aching heart
How come my heart deserts me
Burning full of love and desire
How come every time she kisses me
It sets my soul on fire
How come every time she leaves me
It seems like I've lost a part
I may be too young to marry
But not to hide an aching heart
(Johnny, you're too young)
But I'm gonna get married
(You're so young)
My name she'll carry
(You're too young)
(And Johnny you're so smart)
But not smart enough to hide
An aching heart
How come every time she kisses me
It thrills me from head to toe
How come every time I see her
It lifts me right off the floor
How come every time I'm with her
She whispers so soft and low
It makes me want to jump and holler
And bump my head into a door
(Johnny, you're too young)
But I'm gonna get married
(You're so young)
My name she'll carry
(You're too young)
(And Johnny you're so smart)
But not smart enough to hide
An aching heart
(Too young) but I'm gonna get married
(You're so young) my name she'll carry
(You're too young) but I'm gonna get married
(You're so young) my name she'll carry
(You're too young)
Charts
The single was his follow-up to "Personality" and, like that entry, "I'm Gonna Get Married" went to number one on the Billboard R&B chart, where it stayed for three consecutive weeks. The single was the last of his four number ones, as well as his fifth Top 40 single, peaking at number three for two weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 pop singles chart.
Chart history
References
1959 singles
Lloyd Price songs
Songs written by Lloyd Price
1959 songs |
23573522 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabbath%20School%20%28disambiguation%29 | Sabbath School (disambiguation) | Sabbath School, Saturday pre-service lessons for a congregation of seventh-day Christian denominations
Sunday school, Christian religious school sessions for children held on Sundays, and known by some denominations as Sabbath School.
Hebrew school, Jewish religious school sessions for children, sometimes held on the Sabbath and then known as Sabbath School. |
23573527 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doln%C3%AD%20Be%C5%99kovice | Dolní Beřkovice | Dolní Beřkovice () is a municipality and village in Mělník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,500 inhabitants.
Administrative parts
Villages of Podvlčí and Vliněves are administrative parts of Dolní Beřkovice.
References
Villages in Mělník District |
17333739 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosynopolis | Mosynopolis | Mosynopolis (), of which only ruins now remain in Greek Thrace, was a city in the Roman province of Rhodope, which was known until the 9th century as Maximianopolis (Μαξιμιανούπολις) or, to distinguish it from other cities of the same name, as Maximianopolis in Rhodope.
History
The city of Maximianopolis appears in written sources from the 4th century on. Its fortifications were renewed by Byzantine emperor Justinian I, and it was later a base for operations by Emperor Basil II in his wars against the Bulgarians.
In the 11th century, the city was the center of a district (bandon) in the theme of Boleron, and Anna Komnene reports in her Alexiad that there were many Manichaeans living in Mosynopolis in the late 11th/early 12th centuries. The town was captured in 1185 by the Normans, while the monk Ephrem says that the city was captured in 1190 by Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor. The Battle of Messinopolis, in which the Bulgarians defeated Boniface I, Marquess of Montferrat, took place nearby in 1207, and was speedily followed by the destruction of Mosynopolis by Tsar Kaloyan of Bulgaria.
The fate of the town thereafter is somewhat obscure: it re-appears in 1317 as part of the theme of "Boleron and Mosynopolis", and its bishopric was still active, but the historian Catherine Asdracha, in her 1972 survey of the Rhodope area in the late Middle Ages, suggests that it never recovered from Kaloyan's sack and remained in ruins, proposing that it is to be identified with the town of Mesene, which the emperor and historian John VI Kantakouzenos reported as "destroyed many years ago".
The town at some point had other names including Porsula or Porsulae, Corsulae, Impara and Pyrsoalis,
Ecclesiastical history
Bishops of Maximianopolis in Rhodope were present at the 5th and 6th-century ecumenical councils of Ephesus (431), Chalcedon (451), and Constantinople II (553) and in another council of 459.
From the 7th to the 9th centuries, the see is referred to as archiepiscopal, giving it autocephalous status.
In all these instances, the see appears under the name Maximianopolis, but in 879 it is under the name Mosynopolis that it is represented by a bishop called Paul at the Fourth Council of Constantinople. From the following century to the 12th, it appears with reduced status as a suffragan of Trajanopolis in Rhodope.
In the 13th century it became a Latin bishopric.
The see is mentioned under the name Mosynopolis also in the Notitiae Episcopatuum of Leo the Wise, about 900; in that for 940; in that for 1170 under the name of Misinoupolis.
After the destruction of the city, the Patriarchate of Constantinople in August 1347 authorized the Metropolitan of Trajanopolis to exercise jurisdiction in what had been the see of Maximianopolis or Mosynopolis.
Titular see
The bishopric is included in the Catholic Church's list of titular sees both as an archiepiscopal see under the name Maximianopolis in Rhodope and as a suffragan diocese of Mosynopolis subject to Trajanopolis in Rhodope.
The diocese was nominally restored in 1933 as the Latin Catholic titular archbishopric Massimianopolis in Rhodope.
It is vacant, having had a single incumbent of the intermediary (archiepiscopal) rank :
Adam Hefter (5 December 1939 – 9 January 1970), previously Bishop of Gurk (Austria) (26 December 1914 – 4 May 1939) and Titular Bishop of Marciana (4 May 1939 – 5 December 1939)
Photographs
See also
Maximianopolis (disambiguation)
References
Source and External links
GigaCatholic, with titular incumbent biography link
Populated places of the Byzantine Empire
Rhodope (regional unit)
Geography of medieval Thrace
Maximianopolis in Rhodope
Byzantine sites in Eastern Macedonia and Thrace |
23573529 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doln%C3%AD%20Zimo%C5%99 | Dolní Zimoř | Dolní Zimoř is a municipality and village in Mělník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.
References
Villages in Mělník District |
6900146 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blanks%2077 | Blanks 77 | Blanks 77 is an American punk rock band active from 1990 to 2001, and again from 2004 onward. Originally based in Hillside, New Jersey, they have since relocated to Denville.
The band has maintained a prolific career, having released three albums and numerous EPs, appeared on numerous compilations, toured Europe twice, the U.S. countless times, and shared the stage with other well-known punk acts such as the Misfits, Rancid, Dwarves, the Business, Bad Brains, the Bouncing Souls, One Way System, Anti-Nowhere League, Anti-Heros, Dropkick Murphys, GBH, the Criminals, UK Subs, and Total Chaos.
History
Formation, early years, first record (1990–1996)
The band formed in 1990 when high school friends Mike (vocals) and Chad (drums) were joined by guitarist Renee, whom they had met through a musician wanted ad. Their first bassist was a friend of Renee's named Brendan. The new group named themselves the Blanks after finding their minds blank as to what to name the band. Shortly thereafter, another band informed them that the Blanks name was already taken; to avoid conflict, they added '77 to their name in reference to punk rock's canonically accepted year of origin.
The original line-up remained until Brendan left in 1992. He was replaced by Geoff Kresge, who left the band after a six-month tenure to rejoin his band AFI. (Kresge would later go on to play in Tiger Army and HorrorPops.) He was replaced in Blanks 77 by Tim from the Broken Heroes, who began performing live with the band after a single rehearsal. The band recorded their first album, Killer Blanks, which was released first in Germany on the Nasty Vinyl label in 1995, and in the U.S. a year later in 1996 on Radical Records with four extra tracks.
Further releases, lineup changes and breakup (1997–2001)
In 1997 Blanks 77 released a second album, Tanked and Pogoed. Chad left the band in late 1997 and was replaced by Paul Russo from the Unseen, who filled in for two tours; the group ultimately settled on drummer Kid Lynch (formerly of Warzone and SFA). Their third full-length, C.B.H., was released in 1998.
After an ill-fated tour in 1999, the band began to dissolve, finally doing so in 2001 upon Renee's departure. Mike, Tim and Chad formed The S.D.A.B.s (Sex Drugs Alcohol Band), while Renee, Lynch and longtime roadie Dean Digaetano formed Dean Dean and the Sex Machines who released a LP. Renee also joined the long-standing founding street punk group U.S. Chaos, replacing her deceased brother in the band. Tim went on to play bass, and then later became the guitarist, for the New York hardcore punk band Murphy's Law, as well as continuing with the Broken Heroes.
Reformation (2004–present)
In 2004, Blanks 77 reunited around the "classic lineup" of Mike, Renee, Tim, and Chad. Although they ceased extensive touring, they remained active on the East Coast while playing occasional West Coast concerts. In 2015 Blanks 77 joined the Jailhouse Records label which released, Gettin' Blasted, a ten-song split 12" release with fellow New Jersey band the Parasitix on April 29, 2016.
Members
Current members
Mike Blank – vocals (1990–2001, 2004–present)
Renee Wasted – guitar (1990–2001, 2004–present)
Chad 77 – drums (1990–1997, 2004–present)
Tim "TJ" Blank – bass (1992–2001, 2004–present)
Past members
Brendan – bass (1990–1992)
Geoff Kresge – bass (1993)
Paul Russo – drums (1997–1998)
Kid Lynch – drums (1998–2000)
Discography
Tapes, 7"s, & EP's
1991: It's punk rock!! (Greenearth tapes)
1992: Live Punks (Self-Released)
1992: Unite + Pogo!! E.P. (Vandal Children Records)
1992: Destroy Your Generation (Headache Records)
1993: Up The System (Quality Of Life)
1993: Shut Up And Pogo (Self-Released)
1993: Blanks 77 / Forklift (Split 7" w/Forklift) (Vandal Children Records)
1995: 7/7/94 (The Riviera - Chicago, IL) (V.M.L. Records)
1995: Blanks 77 / Fuckin' Faces (Split 7" w/Fuckin' Faces) (Höhnie Records/Nasty Vinyl)
1995: Live On KDVS...Its...Blanks 77 (Self-Released)
1995: Punks 'N Skins (Headache Records)
1995: Dumpster Diving At The Abortion Clinic / Let's Riot (Split 7" w/Quincy Punx) (Turkey Baster Records)
1995: Shooting Blanks / Blanks 77 (Split 7" w/Submachine) (Six Weeks Records)
1996: Speed 5 (Headache Records)
1997: I Wanna Be A Punk (Radical Records)
1997: Drunk at the Karaoke Bar (Split 7" w/The Showcase Showdown) (Tario Records)
1997: Truck Stop Toilet (Split 7" w/Anti-Heros) (Taang Records)
????: An Evening Of Decadence And Revolution (Self-Released)
Studio albums
1995: Killer Blanks (German Release-Nasty Vinyl)
1996: Killer Blanks (US Release-Radical Records)
1997: Tanked and Pogoed - Radical Records
1998: C.B.H. - Radical Records
2016: Gettin' Blasted - Jailhouse Records
Compilation appearances
1991: Panx Vinyl Zine 11 (Song: "Jehovah's Witness")
1994: Court Metrage (Song: "They")
1994: Pogo Attack (Songs: "Search & Destroy", "Get Out Alive")
1994: Punk Will Never Die! - World Compilation 1994 (Songs: "Political Violence", "Jehova's Witness")
1994: Songs About Drinking (Song: "Party Train")
1994: A Vile Compilation (Songs: "My World", "Police Attack")
1995: Oi! / Skampilation Vol. #1 (Song: "Let's Riot")
1995: Ox-Compilation #19 - Heavenly Tunes (Song: "We're The Ones")
1995: Kickstart - Nov 95 (Songs: "We Don't Need You", "Party Train")
1995: Spinnin' The Chamber (Songs: "Final Solution", "Next Generation")
1995: Vitaminepillen#4 Sampler (Song: "Search & Destroy")
1996: One Big Happy Slampit (Song: "Tensions")
1996: Oi!/Skampilation Vol #2: Skalloween (Songs: "Up The System", "Final Solution")
1996: For A Few Crash Helmets More (Song: "Bastards")
1996: Ox-Compilation #22 - Angst! (Song: "Police Attack")
1996: Tollschock 3 (Song: "Do Or Die")
1996: Wood Panel Pacer Wagon With Mags (Song: "10 Seconds")
1996: World Wild Wanderers (Song: "We Don't Need You")
1996: Shut Up And Pogo! (A Nasty Punk Rock Compilation) (Songs: "Police Attack", "Tensions")
1996: Axhandle Punk Compilation (Song: "Political Violence")
1997: We Will Fall: The Iggy Pop Tribute (Cover of "Funtime")
1997: On The Streets (Song: "Chelsea Girl")
1997: Songs For The Witching Season (Song: "Fuck Halloween")
1997: When The Punks & Skins Go Marching In ... #2 (Song: "Just Another")
1998: The Sound Of Rebellion (Songs: "Police Attack", "Stick", "Static")
1998: Welcome To Ground Zero (Song: "I Wanna Be A Punk")
1998: Punks, Skins & Rude Boys Now! Vol. 1 (Songs: "Punx And Skinz", "Next Generation")
1998: What Were We Fighting for? (cover of "Too Drunk To Fuck")
1999: A Tribute To The Exploited - Punk's Not Dead (Cover of "Punk's Not Dead")
1999: Victims Of The Modern Age (Song: "I Wanna Be A Punk")
1999: Capitol Radio (Song: "I Don't Wanna Be")
1999: Grease: The Not So Original Soundtrack From The Motion Picture (Cover of "Hound Dog")
1999: Smells Like Bleach: A Tribute to Nirvana (cover of "Smells Like Teen Spirit")
2000: Never Mind the Sex Pistols, Here's the Tribute (cover of '"Anarchy in the UK")
2000: Punked Up Love (Song: "C.B.H.")
2000: Faux Pas Potpourri - Very Small Records '93-'99 (Song: "Party Train")
2000: Disarming Violence (Song: "Fuck Halloween")
2001: Ramones Maniacs (cover of "Bonzo Goes to Bitburg")
2001: Nasty Vinyl Sucks - 10 Years Of Chaos (Song: "Next Generation")
2001: Hurt Your Feelings - Six Weeks Records Sampler (Song: "Corruption")
2002: Interference Records Compilation (Song: "She's Gone")
2009: Born To Lose: A Tribute To Johnny Thunders (Song: "London Boys"
2018: Tribute To The Wretched Ones (Song: "Primadonna")
????: Nightmare / Bad Taste - News Vol. 8 (Song: "Hound Dog")
????: Happy Little Trees - A Tribute To Bob Ross (Song: "Void")
????: Kaos... To The Third Degree (Song: "Void")
????: Nightmare / Bad Taste - News Vol. 4 (Song: "Political Violence")
????: Nightmare / Bad Taste - News Vol. 5 (Song: "Police Attack")
????: Best Of The Best:A Punk Rock Compilation'' (Cover of "Blitzkrieg Bop")
References
External links
[ Blanks 77's Allmusic.com entry]
Blanks 77's MySpace page
Punk rock groups from New Jersey
People from Hillside, New Jersey |
23573533 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%99%C3%ADnov%20%28M%C4%9Bln%C3%ADk%20District%29 | Dřínov (Mělník District) | Dřínov is a municipality and village in Mělník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants.
References
Villages in Mělník District |
17333790 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beechwood%20High%20School | Beechwood High School | Beechwood High School is a 6-year 7-12th grade high school, located in Fort Mitchell, Kentucky, United States.
General information
Beechwood High School, founded 1860, is operated by an "independent" school district, which in Kentucky refers to a district that is independent of a county. Most school districts in the state coincide exactly with county boundaries. The Beechwood district is run by the superintendent, Dr. Mike Stacy. Beechwood High School is consistently one of the highest-rated schools in Kentucky. This school is a relatively small with roughly 115 students in each graduating class. The school's mascot is the Tiger. Although the high school is listed as 7th-12th grade, an elementary (grades K-6) also exists in a connected building. These two schools make up the Beechwood Independent School District.
Awards and recognition
They have been ranked one of the best high schools in the nation by U.S. News & World Report in 2008.
Athletics
In 2008 the school had the following teams: Football, Boys' and Girls' track, Boys' and Girls' Cross Country, Archery, Boys' and Girls Basketball, Baseball, Fastpitch Softball, Girls' and Boys' swimming, Boys' and Girls' Golf, Boys' and Girls' Tennis, Volleyballs, and Girls' Soccer.
State champions
16-Time Kentucky High School Athletic Association STATE CHAMPIONS in football - 14 championships in class 1A and two championships in 2A)
(1984, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999, 2004, 2007, 2008, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2020-2A, 2021-2A)
Football
Beechwood built a dominant football program in the 1990s under head coach Mike Yeagle. Accumulating 7 state titles, 3 undefeated seasons, and a Northern Kentucky record 38 consecutive wins all within the decade, the Tigers were the most successful team in the state from 1990 to 1999 in both wins (126) and winning percentage (.893). Beechwood carried their winning tradition into the new millennium by winning back-to-back state titles in 2007 and 2008 under new head coach Noel Rash, soon after forming an active streak of three consecutive state championships from 2016 to 2018 and the first 2A state championship in school history in 2020.
2021 State Champion (15–0)
2020 State Champion (10–2)
2018 State Champion (13–2)
2017 State Champion (13–2)
2016 State Champion (14-1)
2008 State Champion (14-1)
2007 State Champion (13-2)
2004 State Champion (14-1)
1999 State Champion (13-2)
1997 State Champion (14-0)
1996 State Champion (12-2)
1994 State Champion (15-0)
1993 State Champion (11-3)
1992 State Champion (13-1)
1991 State Champion (15-0)
1984 State Champion (13-0)
Band program
The Beechwood band program is the largest activity on the Beechwood Schools campus encompassing nearly 250 students from 5th to 12th grade. The band program includes the national award-winning Marching Tigers, high school symphonic band, high school percussion ensemble, jazz ensemble, jazz lab band, middle school bands, pep bands, chamber ensembles, and winter guards. The band program is under the direction of Austin Bralley.
Winter Guard
The Beechwood High School Varsity Winter Guard is one of the most successful guard programs in Kentucky. The Beechwood Varsity Winter Guard competes in Tri-State Marching Arts as well as Winter Guard International. Recently, the Varsity Winter Guard was the TMA Regional A Gold Medalists in 2017 and 2018.
Marching Tigers
The Marching Tigers have been awarded the Bands of America Class A National Championship two times (2006,2011). Beechwood is the only band program in KMEA history to win a state championship under four different band directors. In 2019, the Marching Tigers represented the Commonwealth of Kentucky in the National Memorial Day Parade in Washington DC.
KMEA State Champions
Class 1A – 1990, 2006, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016
Class 2A – 2019, 2021
KMEA State Finalist
Class 1A - 1986, 1990, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018
Class 2A - 1987, 1988, 1991, 1992, 2019, 2021
Class 3A - 1996
Bands of America National Champions
Class 1A - 2006, 2011
Bands of America National Semifinalists
2006, 2008, 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2019
Notable alumni
Brandon Berger, former Kansas City Royals outfielder
References
External links
Beechwood High School home page
Beechwood Independent School District
https://khsaa.org/records/football/fb90syearbyyear.pdf
Schools in Kenton County, Kentucky
Public high schools in Kentucky
1860 establishments in Kentucky |
6900149 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Clue%20in%20the%20Crossword%20Cipher | The Clue in the Crossword Cipher | The Clue in the Crossword Cipher is the forty-fourth volume in the Nancy Drew Mystery Stories series. It was first published in 1967 under the pseudonym Carolyn Keene. The actual author was ghostwriter Harriet Stratemeyer Adams.
Plot
A woman named Carla Ponce invites Nancy, Bess, and George to Peru to help decipher the mystery in the crossword cipher—a wooden plaque that promises to lead them to a wonderful treasure. Nancy must find the treasure before a gang of thieves led by El Gato (The Cat) reach it first.
References
See also
Nazca lines
Nancy Drew books
1967 American novels
1967 children's books
Novels set in Peru
Grosset & Dunlap books
Children's mystery novels |
17333796 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second%20Time%20Around%20%28film%29 | Second Time Around (film) | Second Time Around () is a 2002 Hong Kong film starring Ekin Cheng, Cecilia Cheung and Jonathan Ke Quan. The film involves the use of parallel universes.
Plot
Ren Lee (Ekin Cheng) works at a small casino with his best friend Sing Wong (Jonathan Ke Quan). Ren gets dumped by his pregnant fiancée and asks Sing for money to gamble in Las Vegas, believing himself to have the strongest luck after his fiancée fired a pistol on him and missed all six times.
In Vegas, Sing wanders around the casino while Ren is gambling and offers advice to a young woman that helps her win big. Casino management becomes suspicious of Ren’s winnings and send their best dealer, Number One, to deal with him. Ren loses all his money to Number One and leaves the casino with Sing. The young woman who Sing helped win at the casino sees the two leaving and offers them a ride.
Both his best friend and the woman die in a car accident. Ren is the sole survivor. Ren, now pursued by policewoman Tina Chow (Cecilia Cheung), gets into another car accident that causes them to go back in time. Through this process, he not only changes himself and saves his friend's life but also falls in love with Tina.
Awards
The film won the Film of Merit prize at the 2003 Hong Kong Film Critics Society Awards.
References
External links
2000s Cantonese-language films
2002 films
Hong Kong science fiction films
China Star Entertainment Group films
Milkyway Image films
Films directed by Jeffrey Lau
Films set in the United States
2000s Hong Kong films |
6900154 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni%20Andrea%20Doria | Giovanni Andrea Doria | Giovanni Andrea Doria, also known as Gianandrea Doria, (1539–1606), was an Italian admiral from Genoa.
Biography
Doria was born to a noble family of the Republic of Genoa. He was the son of Giannettino Doria, of the Doria family, who died when Doria was 6 years old. He would be selected by his great-uncle Andrea Doria to command the family's galleys.
He became the Admiral of the Genoese Fleet in 1555 and commanded the combined Christian fleet of the Holy League at the Battle of Djerba in 1560, which was won by the Ottoman Turks under the command of Piyale Pasha. He barely escaped with his life as his troops suffered a crushing defeat, the stress and shame supposedly caused the older Andrea Doria to die.
He also participated in the Battle of Lepanto in 1571, commanding the right wing of the Christian coalition force known as the Holy League. During the battle he allowed a gap to be formed in the Holy League's battle line which was exploited by Occhiali. Many historians have criticized Doria for opening the line, some going so far as to describe it as an act of cowardice. The battle was ultimately won by the Holy League, and signaled the first ever defeat of the Ottoman Turks at sea. Doria would go on to write reports attempting to justify his actions at the battle.
Using the momentum from the Battle of Lepanto, Don John and Doria would go on to capture Tunis in 1573.
Doria also led an expedition against the Barbary states in 1601.
Doria was a knight commander of the Order of Santiago. He was also the Marquis of Tursi and 6th (or 2nd) Prince of Melfi (both titles inherited from his relation and adoptive father, the famed Genoese admiral Andrea Doria).
Marriages and children
He married firstly in 1558 with Zenobia del Carretto (1540-1590) and had:
Andrea Doria (born and died 1565).
Andrea Doria (born and died 1566).
Andrea Doria (born and died 1567).
Andrea Doria (born and died 1568).
Vittoria Doria (1569-1618), married Ferrante II Gonzaga, Duke of Guastalla, had issue.
Andrea II Doria (1570-1629), 3rd prince of Melfi, married Giovanna Colonna and had issue.
Giovanni Doria (1573-1642) called Giannettino; Cardinal, Archbishop of Thessalonica and Palermo, Viceroy of Sicily
Artemisia Doria (1574-1644), married Carlos Francisco de Borgia 7th Duke of Gandia, had issue.
Carlo Doria (1576-1650), duke of Tursi, married Placidia Spinola, had issue.
He married secondly and secretly in 1590 with Baroness Katharina of Lysfelt and Harem (1564-1606), natural and legitimate daughter of Eric II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.
Sources
Geneanet
Genoese admirals
Italian Renaissance people
1539 births
1606 deaths
Giovanni Andrea
People of the Ottoman–Venetian Wars
16th-century Genoese people
Battle of Lepanto |
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