princeton-nlp/datasets-for-simcse · Datasets at Hugging Face

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On 13 December 2008, the undefeated Bulldogs won the NCAA Division II National Football Championship—the first Division II championship in any sport at the school.
On December 18, 2010, the Bulldogs won their second NCAA Division II National Football Championship in a 3-year span, and their second in school history beating Delta State University.
On April 9, 2011, the Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs men's ice hockey team defeated the University of Michigan 3-2 in overtime for the NCAA Division I men's hockey national title, their first.
On April 7, 2018, after the Bulldogs were the last team to receive an at-large bid in the tournament, the Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs men's ice hockey team defeated Notre Dame 2-1 for their second NCAA Division I men's hockey national championship.
The team won its second consecutive championship (and third overall) on April 13, 2019, after defeating the University of Massachusetts Amherst 3-0.
The Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs women's ice hockey team has won five NCAA Division I national titles (2001, 2002, 2003, 2008 and 2010.)
UMD's Football, Soccer and Track and Field teams compete at Griggs Field in James S. Malosky Stadium.
Hockey is played off campus at Amsoil Arena in the DECC.
Basketball and Volleyball teams play in Romano Gymnasium on campus.
Baseball is played in Bulldog Park and softball is played in Junction Avenue Field
There are several fraternities and sororities that UMD students can join.
Sororities include Gamma Sigma Sigma, Beta Lambda Psi (a local sorority), Phi Sigma Sigma, and Alpha Sigma Tau.
Fraternities include Phi Kappa Psi, Alpha Delta, Tau Kappa Epsilon, Phi Kappa Tau, and Alpha Nu Omega (a local fraternity, not to be confused with the national Alpha Nu Omega organization).
Students must be an active member of a fraternity or sorority in good standing before serving on Greek Council.
The UMD Greek system is run like a senate body where all organizations are represented by two delegates.
Although the council had financial disagreements involving the membership fee which led to the departure of Alpha Phi Omega in the fall of 2009, they have since rejoined.
In April 2013 Alpha Phi Omega transferred to Alpha Delta due to conflicts at a national level.
Intramural Sports
Soccer, Softball, Volleyball, Flag Football, Ultimate Frisbee, Bowling, Inner Tube Water Polo, Broomball, Hockey (4 on 4), Basketball (Co-Rec., 3 on 3), Curling, Volleyball (4 on 4)
UMD Sport Clubs
There are many UMD organized sports clubs that both men and women may join together.
Some of the clubs include: Alpine Skiing, Cycling, Badminton, Dance Team, Cheer Team, Figure Skating, Nordic Skiing, NS Climbing, Kayak & Canoe, Water Polo and Wrestling.
Men's Sport Clubs include: Lacrosse, Hockey, Rugby, Soccer, Ultimate Frisbee and Volleyball.
Women's Sport Clubs include: Lacrosse, Hockey, Rugby, Soccer, Ultimate Frisbee and Volleyball.
Outdoor Programs
Examples of past trips include: Paddling the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness, Climbing the Devil’s Tower National Monument in Wyoming, backpacking the Porcupine Mountains in Michigan.
Events and races on campus in UMD's Bagley Nature Area have included the Rock Hill Adventure where participants run, canoe or kayak and the Homecoming 5K Trail Run.
Fitness
There are a variety of group fitness programs at UMD.
These programs are open to students, faculty, staff, and community members.
Fitness passes grant entry to classes including; Butts & Gutts, Cardio Mix, Circuit City, Hip Hop, Kardio Kick, Pilates, Piloga, Pump & Tone, Power Yoga, Spin & Core, Step, Step & Sculpt, Vinyasa Yoga, and Yoga Inspired Stretch.
Massage therapy, personal training, tri teams, and kinesis are also available at UMD.
University of Minnesota Duluth alumni have made significant contributions in government, business, sciences, athletics, and the arts.
Yvonne Prettner Solon is the former Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota.
Robert Senkler served as Chairman and CEO of Securian Financial Group.
Brian Kobilka received the 2012 Nobel Prize in chemistry.
Emily Larson is the current mayor of Duluth, Minnesota and Don Ness is the former mayor of Duluth, Minnesota.
Minnesota Duluth has also produced numerous professional hockey players including John Harrington and Mark Pavelich from the 1980 Miracle on Ice Olympic hockey team, and NHL Hall of Famer, Brett Hull.
Amit Singhal, a computer scientist, led Google's core search team for 15 years.
Joel Labovitz is founder of Labovitz Enterprises, a diversified investment firm based in Duluth with a focus on the hospitality industry.
Previously, Joel Labovitz was President and CEO of Maurices, the retail clothing company that was founded in 1931 in Duluth by his father, Maurice Labovitz.
James Swenson, a University of Minnesota Duluth Alumnus, donated more than $21 million to the school, with his most recent donation of $10.7 million toward the College of Science and Engineering.
$3 million of this was dedicated to the new civil engineering building and the remaining $7.7 million was given as scholarships for students in science and research programs.
This donation helps to continue to support the scholarship programs the Swenson family started in 1994.
Since the program began, UMD has awarded scholarships to over 200 students.
Because of his generous donations over the years, the school renamed the College of Science and Engineering to be the Swenson College of Science and Engineering.
"It's nice to have our names on buildings, but there's a lot of gratification in helping these young people," said Swenson.
The Swensons are natives of Superior, Wisconsin, and have since relocated to California.
James completed his bachelor's degree in chemistry in 1959 at UMD.
He then worked in the computer industry with his circuit shop, Details Inc., which he sold in 1997.
James passed away in October 2018.
Adansonia
Adansonia is a genus of deciduous trees known as baobabs.
They are found in arid regions of Madagascar, mainland Africa, Arabia, and Australia.
The generic name honours Michel Adanson, the French naturalist and explorer who described "Adansonia digitata".
In the early 21st century, baobabs in southern Africa began to die off rapidly from a cause yet to be determined.
Scientists believe it is unlikely that disease or pests were able to kill many trees so rapidly, and some speculated that the die-off was a result of dehydration from global warming.
Baobabs reach heights of and have trunk diameters of .
The Glencoe baobab, a specimen of "A. digitata" in Limpopo Province, South Africa, was considered to be the largest living individual, with a maximum circumference of and a diameter of about .
The tree has since split into two parts, so the widest individual trunk may now be that of the Sunland baobab, or Platland tree, also in South Africa.
The diameter of this tree at ground level is and its circumference at breast height is .
"Adansonia" trees produce faint growth rings, probably annually, but they are not reliable for aging specimens, because they are difficult to count and may fade away as the wood ages.
Radiocarbon dating has provided data on a few individuals of "A. digitata".
The Panke baobab in Zimbabwe was some 2,450 years old when it died in 2011, making it the oldest angiosperm ever documented, and two other trees – Dorslandboom in Namibia and Glencoe in South Africa – were estimated to be approximately 2,000 years old.
Another specimen known as Grootboom was dated and found to be at least 1275 years old.
Greenhouse gases, climate change, and global warming appear to be factors reducing baobab longevity.
Of the nine species accepted six are native to Madagascar, two are native to mainland Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, and one is native to Australia.
One of the mainland African species also occurs on Madagascar, but it is not a native of that island.
It was introduced in ancient times to south Asia and during the colonial era to the Caribbean.
It is also present in the island nation of Cape Verde.
The ninth species was described in 2012, and is found in upland populations of southern and eastern Africa.
The African and Australian baobabs are almost identical despite having separated more than 100 million years ago, probably by oceanic dispersal.
Species include:
The Malagasy species are important components of the Madagascar dry deciduous forests.
Within that biome, "Adansonia madagascariensis" and "A. rubrostipa" occur specifically in the Anjajavy Forest, sometimes growing out of the tsingy limestone itself.
"A. digitata" has been called "a defining icon of African bushland".
Baobabs store water in the trunk (up to ) to endure harsh drought conditions.
All occur in seasonally arid areas, and are deciduous, shedding their leaves during the dry season.
Across Africa, the oldest and largest baobabs began to die in the early 21st century, likely from a combination of drought and rising temperatures.
The trees appear to become parched, then become dehydrated and unable to support their massive trunks.
Baobabs are important as nest sites for birds, in particular the mottled spinetail and four species of weaver.
Leaves may be eaten as a leaf vegetable.
In Tanzania, the dry pulp of "A. digitata" is added to sugarcane to aid fermentation in brewing (beermaking).
Some baobab species are sources of fiber, dye, and fuel.
Indigenous Australians used the native species "A. gregorii" for several products, making string from the root fibers and decorative crafts from the fruits.
Oil from the seed is also used in cosmetics, particularly in moisturizers.
Sede vacante
Sede vacante (Latin for 'the seat being vacant') is a term for the state of an episcopal see while without a bishop.
In the canon law of the Catholic Church, the term is used to refer to the vacancy of any see of a particular church, but it comes into especially wide journalistic use when the see is that of the papacy.
After the death or resignation of a pope, the Holy See enters a period of "sede vacante".
In this case the particular church is the Diocese of Rome and the "vacant seat" is the "cathedra" of Saint John Lateran, the cathedral church of the Bishop of Rome.
During this period, the Holy See is administered by a regency of the College of Cardinals.
According to "Universi Dominici gregis", the government of the Holy See and the administration of the Catholic Church during sede vacante falls to the College of Cardinals, but in a very limited capacity.
At the same time, all the heads of the departments of the Roman Curia "cease to exercise" their offices.
The exceptions are the Cardinal Camerlengo, who is charged with managing the property of the Holy See, and the Major Penitentiary, who continues to exercise his normal role.
If either has to do something which normally requires the assent of the Pope, he has to submit it to the College of Cardinals.
Papal legates continue to exercise their diplomatic roles overseas, and both the Vicar General of Rome and the Vicar General for the Vatican City State continue to exercise their pastoral role during this period.
The postal administration of the Vatican City State prepares and issues special postage stamps for use during this particular period, known as ""sede vacante" stamps".
The coat of arms of the Holy See also changes during this period.
The papal tiara over the keys is replaced with the "umbraculum" or "ombrellino" in Italian.

On 13 December 2008, the undefeated Bulldogs won the NCAA Division II National Football Championship—the first Division II championship in any sport at the school.

On December 18, 2010, the Bulldogs won their second NCAA Division II National Football Championship in a 3-year span, and their second in school history beating Delta State University.

On April 9, 2011, the Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs men's ice hockey team defeated the University of Michigan 3-2 in overtime for the NCAA Division I men's hockey national title, their first.

On April 7, 2018, after the Bulldogs were the last team to receive an at-large bid in the tournament, the Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs men's ice hockey team defeated Notre Dame 2-1 for their second NCAA Division I men's hockey national championship.

The team won its second consecutive championship (and third overall) on April 13, 2019, after defeating the University of Massachusetts Amherst 3-0.

The Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs women's ice hockey team has won five NCAA Division I national titles (2001, 2002, 2003, 2008 and 2010.)

UMD's Football, Soccer and Track and Field teams compete at Griggs Field in James S. Malosky Stadium.

Hockey is played off campus at Amsoil Arena in the DECC.

Basketball and Volleyball teams play in Romano Gymnasium on campus.

Baseball is played in Bulldog Park and softball is played in Junction Avenue Field

There are several fraternities and sororities that UMD students can join.

Sororities include Gamma Sigma Sigma, Beta Lambda Psi (a local sorority), Phi Sigma Sigma, and Alpha Sigma Tau.

Fraternities include Phi Kappa Psi, Alpha Delta, Tau Kappa Epsilon, Phi Kappa Tau, and Alpha Nu Omega (a local fraternity, not to be confused with the national Alpha Nu Omega organization).

Students must be an active member of a fraternity or sorority in good standing before serving on Greek Council.

The UMD Greek system is run like a senate body where all organizations are represented by two delegates.

Although the council had financial disagreements involving the membership fee which led to the departure of Alpha Phi Omega in the fall of 2009, they have since rejoined.

In April 2013 Alpha Phi Omega transferred to Alpha Delta due to conflicts at a national level.

Intramural Sports

Soccer, Softball, Volleyball, Flag Football, Ultimate Frisbee, Bowling, Inner Tube Water Polo, Broomball, Hockey (4 on 4), Basketball (Co-Rec., 3 on 3), Curling, Volleyball (4 on 4)

UMD Sport Clubs

There are many UMD organized sports clubs that both men and women may join together.

Some of the clubs include: Alpine Skiing, Cycling, Badminton, Dance Team, Cheer Team, Figure Skating, Nordic Skiing, NS Climbing, Kayak & Canoe, Water Polo and Wrestling.

Men's Sport Clubs include: Lacrosse, Hockey, Rugby, Soccer, Ultimate Frisbee and Volleyball.

Women's Sport Clubs include: Lacrosse, Hockey, Rugby, Soccer, Ultimate Frisbee and Volleyball.

Outdoor Programs

Examples of past trips include: Paddling the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness, Climbing the Devil’s Tower National Monument in Wyoming, backpacking the Porcupine Mountains in Michigan.

Events and races on campus in UMD's Bagley Nature Area have included the Rock Hill Adventure where participants run, canoe or kayak and the Homecoming 5K Trail Run.

Fitness

There are a variety of group fitness programs at UMD.

These programs are open to students, faculty, staff, and community members.

Fitness passes grant entry to classes including; Butts & Gutts, Cardio Mix, Circuit City, Hip Hop, Kardio Kick, Pilates, Piloga, Pump & Tone, Power Yoga, Spin & Core, Step, Step & Sculpt, Vinyasa Yoga, and Yoga Inspired Stretch.

Massage therapy, personal training, tri teams, and kinesis are also available at UMD.

University of Minnesota Duluth alumni have made significant contributions in government, business, sciences, athletics, and the arts.

Yvonne Prettner Solon is the former Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota.

Robert Senkler served as Chairman and CEO of Securian Financial Group.

Brian Kobilka received the 2012 Nobel Prize in chemistry.

Emily Larson is the current mayor of Duluth, Minnesota and Don Ness is the former mayor of Duluth, Minnesota.

Minnesota Duluth has also produced numerous professional hockey players including John Harrington and Mark Pavelich from the 1980 Miracle on Ice Olympic hockey team, and NHL Hall of Famer, Brett Hull.

Amit Singhal, a computer scientist, led Google's core search team for 15 years.

Joel Labovitz is founder of Labovitz Enterprises, a diversified investment firm based in Duluth with a focus on the hospitality industry.

Previously, Joel Labovitz was President and CEO of Maurices, the retail clothing company that was founded in 1931 in Duluth by his father, Maurice Labovitz.

James Swenson, a University of Minnesota Duluth Alumnus, donated more than $21 million to the school, with his most recent donation of $10.7 million toward the College of Science and Engineering.

$3 million of this was dedicated to the new civil engineering building and the remaining $7.7 million was given as scholarships for students in science and research programs.

This donation helps to continue to support the scholarship programs the Swenson family started in 1994.

Since the program began, UMD has awarded scholarships to over 200 students.

Because of his generous donations over the years, the school renamed the College of Science and Engineering to be the Swenson College of Science and Engineering.

"It's nice to have our names on buildings, but there's a lot of gratification in helping these young people," said Swenson.

The Swensons are natives of Superior, Wisconsin, and have since relocated to California.

James completed his bachelor's degree in chemistry in 1959 at UMD.

He then worked in the computer industry with his circuit shop, Details Inc., which he sold in 1997.

James passed away in October 2018.

Adansonia

Adansonia is a genus of deciduous trees known as baobabs.

They are found in arid regions of Madagascar, mainland Africa, Arabia, and Australia.

The generic name honours Michel Adanson, the French naturalist and explorer who described "Adansonia digitata".

In the early 21st century, baobabs in southern Africa began to die off rapidly from a cause yet to be determined.

Scientists believe it is unlikely that disease or pests were able to kill many trees so rapidly, and some speculated that the die-off was a result of dehydration from global warming.

Baobabs reach heights of and have trunk diameters of .

The Glencoe baobab, a specimen of "A. digitata" in Limpopo Province, South Africa, was considered to be the largest living individual, with a maximum circumference of and a diameter of about .

The tree has since split into two parts, so the widest individual trunk may now be that of the Sunland baobab, or Platland tree, also in South Africa.

The diameter of this tree at ground level is and its circumference at breast height is .

"Adansonia" trees produce faint growth rings, probably annually, but they are not reliable for aging specimens, because they are difficult to count and may fade away as the wood ages.

Radiocarbon dating has provided data on a few individuals of "A. digitata".

The Panke baobab in Zimbabwe was some 2,450 years old when it died in 2011, making it the oldest angiosperm ever documented, and two other trees – Dorslandboom in Namibia and Glencoe in South Africa – were estimated to be approximately 2,000 years old.

Another specimen known as Grootboom was dated and found to be at least 1275 years old.

Greenhouse gases, climate change, and global warming appear to be factors reducing baobab longevity.

Of the nine species accepted six are native to Madagascar, two are native to mainland Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, and one is native to Australia.

One of the mainland African species also occurs on Madagascar, but it is not a native of that island.

It was introduced in ancient times to south Asia and during the colonial era to the Caribbean.

It is also present in the island nation of Cape Verde.

The ninth species was described in 2012, and is found in upland populations of southern and eastern Africa.

The African and Australian baobabs are almost identical despite having separated more than 100 million years ago, probably by oceanic dispersal.

Species include:

The Malagasy species are important components of the Madagascar dry deciduous forests.

Within that biome, "Adansonia madagascariensis" and "A. rubrostipa" occur specifically in the Anjajavy Forest, sometimes growing out of the tsingy limestone itself.

"A. digitata" has been called "a defining icon of African bushland".

Baobabs store water in the trunk (up to ) to endure harsh drought conditions.

All occur in seasonally arid areas, and are deciduous, shedding their leaves during the dry season.

Across Africa, the oldest and largest baobabs began to die in the early 21st century, likely from a combination of drought and rising temperatures.

The trees appear to become parched, then become dehydrated and unable to support their massive trunks.

Baobabs are important as nest sites for birds, in particular the mottled spinetail and four species of weaver.

Leaves may be eaten as a leaf vegetable.

In Tanzania, the dry pulp of "A. digitata" is added to sugarcane to aid fermentation in brewing (beermaking).

Some baobab species are sources of fiber, dye, and fuel.

Indigenous Australians used the native species "A. gregorii" for several products, making string from the root fibers and decorative crafts from the fruits.

Oil from the seed is also used in cosmetics, particularly in moisturizers.

Sede vacante

Sede vacante (Latin for 'the seat being vacant') is a term for the state of an episcopal see while without a bishop.

In the canon law of the Catholic Church, the term is used to refer to the vacancy of any see of a particular church, but it comes into especially wide journalistic use when the see is that of the papacy.

After the death or resignation of a pope, the Holy See enters a period of "sede vacante".

In this case the particular church is the Diocese of Rome and the "vacant seat" is the "cathedra" of Saint John Lateran, the cathedral church of the Bishop of Rome.

During this period, the Holy See is administered by a regency of the College of Cardinals.

According to "Universi Dominici gregis", the government of the Holy See and the administration of the Catholic Church during sede vacante falls to the College of Cardinals, but in a very limited capacity.

At the same time, all the heads of the departments of the Roman Curia "cease to exercise" their offices.

The exceptions are the Cardinal Camerlengo, who is charged with managing the property of the Holy See, and the Major Penitentiary, who continues to exercise his normal role.

If either has to do something which normally requires the assent of the Pope, he has to submit it to the College of Cardinals.

Papal legates continue to exercise their diplomatic roles overseas, and both the Vicar General of Rome and the Vicar General for the Vatican City State continue to exercise their pastoral role during this period.

The postal administration of the Vatican City State prepares and issues special postage stamps for use during this particular period, known as ""sede vacante" stamps".

The coat of arms of the Holy See also changes during this period.

The papal tiara over the keys is replaced with the "umbraculum" or "ombrellino" in Italian.