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803864 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Boskin | Michael Boskin | Michael Jay Boskin (born September 23, 1945) is an American economist, businessman and politician. He is the T. M. Friedman Professor of Economics and senior Fellow at Stanford University's Hoover Institution.
He also is Chief Executive Officer and President of Boskin & Co., an economic consulting company.
During the presidency of George H. W. Bush, he was the Chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers between 1989 to 1993. |
636550 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catatumbo%20River | Catatumbo River | Catatumbo River is a river that flows through Colombia and Venezuela. It is about long, and flows into Lake Maracaibo. |
754310 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-mail%20attachment | E-mail attachment | An e-mail attachment is a computer file that is sent along with an e-mail message. The user can attach one or more files to any e-mail message. E-mail attachments are a simple method to share documents and images. A paper clip icon is usually used to signify an attachment. |
963791 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/When%20It%27s%20Love | When It's Love | "When It's Love" is a 1988 song by hard rock band Van Halen and taken from their eighth studio album OU812. It went to number 5 in the United States, number 23 in Ireland and number 28 in the United Kingdom. |
147990 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/British%20Rail%20Class%20206 | British Rail Class 206 | The British Rail Class 206 or 3R was a type of diesel-electric multiple unit (DEMU) first created in 1964. They were re-formed from Class 201 and Class 416 vehicles for use on Reading-Redhill-Tonbridge (North Downs Line) services. Six three-car sets were created, numbered 1201-1206. They were nicknamed 'Tadpole' units because of the contrast between the wide-bodied 416 'head' and the narrow-bodied 206 'tail'. |
10078 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/October%2018 | October 18 | Events
Up to 1900
320 - Pappus of Alexandria, Greek philosopher, observes a solar eclipse and writes a commentary on The Great Astronomer.
629 - King Dagobert is crowned King of the Franks.
1009 - The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a Christian church in Jerusalem, is completely destroyed by the "mad" Fatimid caliph Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, who hacks the Church's foundations down to bedrock.
1016 - The Danes defeat the Saxons in the Battle of Ashingdon.
1081 - The Normans defeat the Byzantine Empire in the Battle of Dyrrhachium.
1210 - Pope Innocent III excommunicates German leader Otto IV.
1356 - An earthquake destroys Basel, Switzerland.
1386 - Opening of the University of Heidelberg.
1502 - Opening of the University of Wittenberg.
1540 - Spanish conquistador Hernando de Soto's forces destroy the fortified town of Mabila in present-day Alabama.
1561 - Fourth Battle of Kawanakajima: Takeda Shingen beats Uesugi Kenshin in the climax of their ongoing conflicts
1599 - Michael the Brave, Prince of Wallachia defeats the army of Andrew Bathory in the Battle of Selimbar, leading to the first recorded unification of the Romanian people.
1685 - Louis XIV of France revokes the Edict of Nantes, which has protected French Protestants. Roman Catholicism is reinstated as the state religion in France.
1748 - Signing of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ends the War of the Austrian Succession.
1767 - Mason-Dixon line, survey separating Maryland from Pennsylvania is completed.
1775 - American Revolutionary War: The burning of Falmouth, present-day Portland, Maine, prompts the Continental Congress to create the Continental Navy.
1779 - American Revolutionary War: The French-American Siege of Savannah is ended.
1797 - The Treaty of Campo Formio is signed by France and Austria.
1851 - Herman Melville's Moby-Dick is first published as The Whale by Richard Bentley of London.
1860 - The Second Opium War finally ends at the Convention of Peking with the ratification of the Treaty of Tientsin, an unequal treaty.
1867 - United States takes possession of Alaska, celebrated annually in the state as (Alaska Day). On this day, Alaska also changes from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar, and the International Date Line is shifted to the west.
1898 - United States takes possession of Puerto Rico.
1901 2000
1908 - Belgium annexes the Congo Free State.
1912 - The First Balkan War begins.
1913 - The monument to the 1813 Battle of the Nations is completed in Leipzig.
1921 - The Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic is founded.
1922 - The British Broadcasting Company (later Corporation) is founded by a consortium, to establish a nationwide network of radio transmitters to provide a national broadcasting service.
1925 - The Grand Ole Opry opens.
1929 - Women are officially declared "Persons" under Canadian law.
1944 - Adolf Hitler orders the establishment of a German national militia.
1944 - Soviet Union invades Czechoslovakia
1945 - The USSR's nuclear program receives plans for the United States's plutonium bomb from Klaus Fuchs at the Los Alamos National Laboratory.
1945 - A group of the Venezuelan Armed Forces stages a military coup, overthrowing President Isaias Medina Anguarita.
1945 - Juan Peron marries Eva Peron.
1954 - Texas Instruments announces the first Transistor radio
1964 - The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair closes for its first season after a six-month run.
1967 - Soviet probe Venera 4 reaches Venus and becomes the first spacecraft to measure the atmosphere under another planet.
1968 - 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City: Bob Beamon jumps 8.90 metres in the long jump, known as the 'jump into the 21st century'.
1968 - A police raid on John Lennon and Yoko Ono's flat finds 168 grains of marijuana. They later plead guilty and are fined PS150.
1969 - Jefferson Airplane member Paul Kantner is charged with possession of marijuana on Hawaii.
1974 - The Texas Chainsaw Massacre opens in theaters.
1975 - The Saint Nazaire Bridge in western France is opened to traffic.
1976 - Bangladesh is recognized by China and established diplomatic ties with Dacca.
1977 - German Autumn: a set of events revolving around the kidnapping of Hanns-Martin Schleyer and the hijacking of a Lufthansa flight by the Red Army Faction (RAF) comes to an end when Schleyer is executed and various RAF members commit suicide. The German government states that it would never again negotiate with terrorists.
1989 - Erich Honecker resigns as leader of East Germany.
1989 - The Galileo space probe is launched.
1991 - The Supreme Council of Azerbaijan adopts a declaration of Independence from the Soviet Union.
1993 - Andreas Papandreou begins his second term as Prime Minister of Greece.
From 2001
2003 - Bolivian Gas War: President Gonzalo Sanchez de Lozada is forced to resign and leave Bolivia.
2004 - World Chess Championship: Vladimir Kramnik defends his title against Hungary's Peter Leko.
2007 - A bomb attack in Karachi kills 139 people and injures 450. Benazir Bhutto, returning from exile, escapes unhurt.
2011 - Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit is released by Palestinians after over five years. In exchange, Israel releases 1,027 Palestinian prisoners.
2019 - A bomb attack in Nangarhar, Afghanistan, kills at least 62 people.
2019 - Astronauts Jessica Meir and Christina Koch perform the first all-female spacewalk.
Births
Up to 1900
1127 - Emperor Go-Shirakawa of Japan (d. 1192)
1405 - Pope Pius II (d. 1464)
1547 - Justus Lipsius, Flemish humanist (d. 1606)
1569 - Giambattista Marini, Italian poet (d. 1625)
1585 - Heinrich Schuetz, German composer (d. 1672) (October 8 in Julian calendar)
1634 - Luca Giordano, Italian artist (d. 1705)
1653 - Abraham van Riebeeck, Dutch colonial governor (d. 1713)
1663 - Prince Eugene of Savoy (d. 1736)
1668 - John George IV, Elector of Saxony (d. 1694)
1706 - Baldassare Galuppi, Italian composer (d. 1785)
1741 - Pierre Choderlos de Laclos, French general and author (d. 1803)
1753 - Joseph Bloomfield, Governor of New Jersey (d. 1823)
1777 - Heinrich von Kleist, German writer (d. 1811)
1785 - Thomas Love Peacock, English poet and dramatist (d. 1866)
1801 - Justo Jose de Urquiza, President of Argentina (d. 1870)
1804 - Mongkut (Rama IV), King of Siam (Thailand) (d. 1868)
1805 - Mariano Ospina Rodriguez, President of Colombia (d. 1885)
1822 - Midhat Pasha, 238th Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (d. 1883)
1824 - Juan Valera, Spanish writer, diplomat and politician (d. 1905)
1831 - Frederick III of Germany (d. 1888)
1836 - Frederick August Otto Schwarz, American entrepreneur (d. 1911)
1854 - Salomon August Andree, Swedish explorer (d. 1897)
1856 - James B. Frazier, Governor of Tennessee (d. 1937)
1859 - Henri Bergson, French philosopher (d. 1941)
1865 - Arie de Jong, Dutch linguist (d. 1957)
1868 - Ernst Didring, Swedish writer (d. 1931)
1870 - D. T. Suzuki, Japanese author and Buddhist scholar (d. 1966)
1872 - Mikhail Kuzmin, Russian poet and writer (d. 1936)
1873 - Ivanoe Bonomi, Italian politician (d. 1951)
1882 - Lucien Petit-Breton, Argentine-born French cyclist (d. 1917)
1884 - Hugo Goetz, American swimmer (d. 1972)
1887 - Takashi Sakai, Japanese Governor of Hong Kong (d. 1946)
1893 - Sidney Holland, 25th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1961)
1893 - George Ohsawa, Japanese philosopher (d. 1966)
1894 - Tibor Dery, Hungarian writer (d. 1977)
1894 - Yury Tynyanov, Russian writer (d. 1943)
1898 - Lotte Lenya, Austrian singer and actress (d. 1981)
1901 1950
1902 - Pascual Jordan, German physicist (d. 1980)
1902 - Miriam Hopkins, American actress (d. 1972)
1903 - Lina Radke, German athlete (d. 1983)
1905 - Jan Gies, Dutch resistance fighter (d. 1993)
1905 - Felix Houphouet-Boigny, President of Ivory Coast (d. 1993)
1906 - James Brooks, American painter (d. 1992)
1909 - Norberto Bobbio, Italian philosopher in law and political science (d. 2004)
1912 - Aurelio Sabattani, Italian cardinal (d. 2003)
1912 - Philibert Tsiranana, President of Madagascar (d. 1978)
1914 - Raymond Lambert, Swiss mountaineer (d. 1997)
1918 - Molly Geertsema, Dutch politician (d. 1991)
1918 - Bobby Troup, American actor, jazz pianist and singer-songwriter (d. 1999)
1918 - Konstantinos Mitsotakis, Greek politician, former Prime Minister of Greece (d. 2017)
1919 - Pierre Trudeau, 15th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 2000)
1919 - Anita O'Day, American singer (d. 2006)
1919 - Camilla Williams, American opera singer (d. 2012)
1920 - Melina Mercouri, Greek actress and politician (d. 1994)
1921 - Jesse Helms, American politician (d. 2008)
1921 - Jerry Cooke, American photographer (d. 2005)
1923 - Paulo Amaral, Brazilian footballer (d. 2008)
1923 - Julius Nespral, German actor
1923 - Jessie Mae Hemphill, American blues electric guitarist and singer-songwriter (d. 2008)
1923 - Boris Sagal, Ukrainian-American film director (d. 1981)
1924 - Egil Hovland, Norwegian composer (d. 2013)
1925 - Ramiz Alia, Albanian politician (d. 2011)
1925 - N. D. Tiwari, Indian politician (d. 2018)
1926 - Chuck Berry, American singer and musician (d. 2017)
1926 - Yoram Gross, Polish-Australian animation producer and director (d. 2015)
1926 - Klaus Kinski, German actor (d. 1991)
1927 - George C. Scott, American actor, producer and director (d. 1999)
1928 - Ernest Simoni, Albanian cardinal
1929 - Violeta Chamorro, former President of Nicaragua
1930 - Frank Carlucci, American politician, 16th United States Secretary of Defense (d. 2018)
1932 - Rene Bliard, French footballer (d. 2009)
1932 - Vytautas Landsbergis, Lithuanian politician
1933 - Firuz Mustafayev, Azerbaijani politician (d. 2018)
1933 - Ludovico Scarfiotti, Italian racing driver (d. 1968)
1934 - Inger Stevens, Swedish actress (d. 1970)
1934 - Kir Bulychev, Russian science fiction writer (d. 2003)
1934 - Sylvie Joly, French actress (d. 2015)
1935 - Peter Boyle, American actor (d. 2006)
1938 - Bo Holmstrom, Swedish journalist (d. 2017)
1938 - Guy Roux, French football manager
1939 - Flavio Cotti, Swiss politician
1939 - Mike Ditka, American football player and coach
1939 - Lee Harvey Oswald, suspected assassin of John F. Kennedy (d. 1963)
1941 - Timothy Bell, Baron Bell, British advertising and public relations executive (d. 2019)
1943 - Andrej Bajuk, Slovenian banker and politician (d. 2011)
1943 - Christine Charbonneau, Canadian singer-songwriter (d. 2014)
1945 - Huell Howser, American TV host (d. 2013)
1945 - Kate Pretty, English archaeologist
1946 - Dafydd Elis-Thomas, Welsh politician (Plaid Cymru)
1947 - Paul Chuckle, English comedian
1947 - Job Cohen, Dutch politician
1948 - Ntozake Shange, American poet and playwright (d. 2018)
1949 - Erwin Sellering, German politician
1950 - Om Puri, Indian actor and singer (d. 2017)
1950 - Wendy Wasserstein, American playwright (d. 2006)
1951 1975
1952 - Patrick Morrow, Canadian mountaineer
1952 - Chuck Lorre, American scriptwriter, director and producer
1952 - Jim Ratcliffe, English businessman
1955 - Rita Verdonk, Dutch politician
1956 - Martina Navratilova, Czech-born tennis player
1957 - Catherine Ringer, French singer-songwriter, dancer and actress
1957 - Jon Lindstrom, American actor, director, producer and screenwriter
1958 - Kjell Samuelsson, Swedish ice hockey player
1958 - Julio Olarticoechea, Argentine footballer
1958 - Stacy Allison, American mountaineer
1959 - Mauricio Funes, former President of El Salvador
1959 - Ernesto Canto, Mexican athlete
1960 - Craig Mello, American biochemist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
1960 - Jean-Claude Van Damme, Belgian bodybuilder and actor
1961 - Wynton Marsalis, American musician
1962 - Vincent Spaho, American actor and director
1966 - Angela Visser, Dutch model and actress
1968 - Lisa Chappell, New Zealand actress and singer
1968 - Michael Stich, German tennis player
1973 - James Foley, American journalist (d. 2014)
1974 - Robbie Savage, Welsh footballer
1974 - Peter Svensson, Swedish musician (The Cardigans)
1975 - Zhou Xun, Chinese actress and singer
From 1976
1977 - Ryan Nelsen, New Zealand footballer
1977 - Kunal Kapoor, Indian actor
1978 - Mike Tindall, English rugby player
1979 - Jaroslav Drobny, Czech footballer
1979 - 'Ana Po'uhila, Tongan shot putter, hammer and discus thrower
1979 - Hikaru Kawamura, Japanese model
1979 - Ne-Yo, American singer
1982 - Svetlana Loboda, Ukrainian singer and composer
1982 - Mark Sampson, Welsh football coach
1983 - Dante, Brazilian footballer
1984 - Freida Pinto, Indian actress and model
1984 - Robert Harting, German hammer thrower
1984 - Lindsey Vonn, American skier
1984 - Esperanza Spalding, American bassist and singer
1984 - Jennifer Ulrich, German actress
1984 - Justin Mapp, American soccer player
1984 - Milo Yiannopoulos, English journalist
1985 - Yoenis Cespedes, Cuban baseball player
1987 - Freja Beha Erichsen, Danish model
1987 - Zac Efron, American singer and actor
1988 - Sam Quek, English field hockey player
1989 - Joy Lauren, American actress
1990 - Carly Schroeder, American actress
1990 - Bristol Palin, daughter of Sarah Palin
1991 - Tyler Posey, American actor
1992 - John John Florence, American surfer
Deaths
Up to 1900
325 - Jin Mingdi, Chinese Emperor of the Jin Dynasty (b. 299)
707 - Pope John VII
1035 - Sancho of Navarre, King of Navarre
1141 - Leopold IV of Austria, Duke of Bavaria
1417 - Pope Gregory XII
1480 - Uhwudong, Korean dancer and poet (b. 1441)
1503 - Pope Pius III (b. 1439)
1541 - Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scotland (b. 1489)
1545 - John Taverner, English composer and organist (b. 1490)
1558 - Mary of Hungary (b. 1605)
1564 - Johannes Acronius Frisius, German physician and mathematician (b. 1520)
1646 - Isaac Jogues, French priest, missionary and martyr (b. 1607)
1667 - Emperor Fasilides of Ethiopia (b. 1603)
1744 - Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough (b. 1660)
1769 - Yohannes I, Emperor of Ethiopia
1845 - Dominique, comte de Cassini, French cartographer and astronomer (b. 1748)
1865 - Henry Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1784)
1871 - Charles Babbage, English mathematician and inventor (b. 1791)
1886 - Philipp Franz von Siebold, German physician (b. 1796)
1889 - Antonio Meucci, Italian inventor (b. 1808)
1893 - Charles Gounod, French composer (b. 1818)
1901 2000
1911 - Alfred Binet, French psychologist (b. 1857)
1921 - Ludwig III of Bavaria (b. 1845)
1931 - Thomas Edison, American inventor (b. 1847)
1934 - Santiago Ramon y Cajal, Spanish doctor, won the 1906 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, (b. 1852)
1941 - Manuel Teixeira Gomes, 7th President of Portugal (b. 1860)
1942 - Mikhail Nesterov, Russian painter (b. 1862)
1948 - Walther von Brauchitsch, German field marshal (b. 1881)
1948 - Philip Collier, 14th Premier of Western Australia (b. 1873)
1954 - Einar Jonsson, Icelandic sculptor (b. 1874)
1955 - Jose Ortega y Gasset, Spanish philosopher and sociologist (b. 1883)
1959 - Boughera El Ouafi, Algerian athlete (b. 1898)
1965 - Henry Travers, British actor (b. 1874)
1966 - Elizabeth Arden, Canadian businesswoman (b. 1880)
1973 - Leo Strauss, German-American philosopher (b. 1899)
1973 - Walt Kelly, American cartoonist (b. 1913)
1976 - Viswanatha Satyanarayana, Indian poet (b. 1895)
1977 - German Autumn deaths:
Hanns Martin Schleyer, German politician (b. 1915) (killed)
Andreas Baader, member of the Red Army Faction (b. 1943) (suicide)
Gudrun Ensslin, member of the Red Army Faction (b. 1940) (suicide)
Jan-Carl Raspe, member of the Red Army Faction (b. 1944) (suicide)
1978 - Ramon Mercader, assassin of Leon Trotsky (b. 1914)
1982 - Bess Truman, First Lady of the United States (b. 1885)
1982 - Pierre Mendes France, French politician (b. 1907)
1982 - John Robarts, Canadian politician, 17th Premier of Ontario (b. 1917)
1984 - Henri Michaux, French painter and poet (b. 1899)
1987 - Adriaan Ditvoorst, Dutch movie director and screenwriter (b. 1940)
1988 - Frederick Ashton, British dancer and choreographer (b. 1904)
2000 - Julie London, American singer and actress (b. 1926)
From 2001
2001 - Micheline Ostermeyer, French athlete and musician (b. 1922)
2002 - Nikolai Rukavishnikov, cosmonaut (b. 1932)
2003 - Preston Smith, Governor of Texas (b. 1912)
2003 - Manuel Vazquez Montalban, Spanish writer (b. 1939)
2004 - K. M. Veerappan, Indian criminal (b. 1952)
2006 - Marc Hodler, Swiss skiing official (b. 1918)
2006 - Mario Francesco Pompedda, Italian cardinal (b. 1929)
2007 - Lucky Dube, South African musician (b. 1964)
2007 - William J. Crowe, American admiral and diplomat (b. 1925)
2008 - Dee Dee Warwick, American jazz musician (b. 1931)
2011 - Norman Corwin, American radio broadcaster (b. 1910)
2012 - Slater Martin, American basketball player (b. 1925)
2013 - Tom Foley, American politician, former Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (b. 1929)
2013 - Bill Young, American politician (b. 1930)
2014 - Rachel Makinson, Australian research scientist (b. 1917)
2014 - Joanne Borgella, American singer (b. 1982)
2014 - Paul Craft, American musician and songwriter (b. 1938)
2015 - Gamal El-Ghitani, Egyptian writer (b. 1945)
2015 - Frank Watkins, American musician (b. 1968)
2017 - Eamonn Campbell, Irish guitarist and record producer (b. 1946)
2017 - Marino Perani, Italian footballer (b. 1939)
2017 - Yeoh Tiong Lay, Malaysian businessman (b. 1929)
2017 - Ricardo Vidal, Filipino cardinal (b. 1931)
2017 - Issam Zahreddine, Syrian Republican Guard Major General (b. 1961)
2017 - Brent Briscoe, American actor and screenwriter (b. 1961)
2017 - Helen DeVos, American philanthropist and political donor (b. 1927)
2018 - Abdul Raziq Achakzai, Afghan officer (b. 1979)
2018 - Ayub Bachchu, Bangladeshi singer-songwriter (b. 1962)
2018 - Anthea Bell, British translator (b. 1936)
2018 - Abdel Rahman Swar al-Dahab, former President of Sudan (b. 1934)
2018 - Danny Leiner, American film director (b. 1961)
2018 - Lisbet Palme, Swedish child psychologist, wife of Olof Palme (b. 1931)
2018 - Dick Slater, American professional wrestler (b. 1951)
2018 - N. D. Tiwari, Indian politician (b. 1925)
2019 - Nicolas Diaz, Chilean politician and cardiologist (b. 1929)
2019 - Michael Flaksman, American cellist (b. 1946)
2019 - Horace Romano Harre, New Zealand-British philosopher and psychologist (b. 1927)
2019 - Mark Hurd, American businessman (b. 1957)
2019 - Rui Jordao, Angolan-Portuguese footballer (b. 1952)
2019 - William Milliken, American politician, 42nd Governor of Michigan (b. 1922)
2019 - Mike Reilly, American football player (b. 1942)
2019 - Mikhail Innokentyevich Semyonov, Russian politician (b. 1938)
2019 - Meir Shamgar, Israeli lawyer and politician (b. 1925)
2021 - Colin Powell, American General and politician (b. 1937)
Observances
Alaska Day
Persons Day (Canada)
Necktie Day (Croatia)
Days of the year |
135858 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippsburg | Philippsburg | Philippsburg is a city in Germany. It is in the district of Karlsruhe in Baden-Wurttemberg. |
23826 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guqin | Guqin | The (; ; Wade-Giles: ku-ch'in; literally "ancient stringed-instrument") is the modern name for a plucked seven-string Chinese musical instrument of the zither family. It has been played since ancient times, and has traditionally been favored by educated people as an instrument of great beauty and refinement. It is uncommonly spelt as Gu Qin (and sometimes GuQin or Gu-qin) in English.
Traditionally the instrument was called simply qin [Qin ] , but by the 20th century the term had come to be used on many other musical instruments as well (for example, the yangqin [Yang Qin ] hammered dulcimer, the huqin [Hu Qin ] family of bowed string instruments, and the Western piano (; literally "steel stringed-instrument")), so the prefix "gu-" [Gu ] (meaning "ancient") was added for clarification. It can also be called qixianqin [Qi Xian Qin ] ("seven-stringed instrument"). The guqin is not to be confused with the guzheng, another Chinese long zither also without frets, but with moveable bridges under each string. Because Robert Hans van Gulik's famous book about the qin is called The Lore of the Chinese Lute, the qin is sometimes inaccurately called a lute. Other incorrect classifications (mainly from music CDs) include "harp" or "table-harp". Other Western nicknames for the guqin include "Chinese guitar" and "Chinaman's harp".
The qin is a very quiet instrument, with a range of about four octaves, and its open strings are tuned in the bass register (its lowest pitch is about two octaves below middle C, or the lowest note on the cello). Sounds are produced by plucking open strings, stopped strings, and harmonics. Stopped sounds are special for the variety of slides and ornaments used, and the use of glissando (sliding tones) gives it a sound similar to a pizzicato cello or fretless bass guitar. Extended sections in music scores consisting entirely of harmonics are common, this made possible because the 91 indicated harmonic positions allow great flexibility; early tablature shows that even more harmonic positions were used in the past. By tradition the qin originally had five strings, but ancient qin-like instruments with 10 or more strings have been found. The modern form has been standardized from about two thousand years.
History
Legend has it that the qin, has a history of about 5,000 years; that the legendary people of China's pre-history; Fuxi, Shennong and Huang Di (the Yellow Emperor), was involved in its creation. It is mentioned in Chinese writings dating back nearly 3,000 years, and related instruments have been found in tombs from about 2,500 years ago. Chinese tradition says the qin originally had five strings, but then two were added about 1,000 BCE, making seven.
Based on the detailed description in the poetic essay "Qin Fu" [(Qin Fu )] by Xi Kang / Ji Kang (223-262), the form of the qin that is recognizable today was most likely set around the late Han Dynasty (206 BC - 220 AD). The earliest surviving qin in this modern form, preserved in both Japan and China, have been dated to the Tang Dynasty (618-907). Many are still playable, the most famous perhaps being the one named "Jiuxiao Huanpei" <<Jiu Xiao Huan Pei >> , said to have been made by the famous late Tang dynasty qin maker Lei Wei (Lei Wei ). It is kept in the Forbidden City Museum in Beijing.
According to Robert Temple, the qin played an important part in the gaining the first understanding of music timbre for the Chinese. He said that "the Chinese understanding of the nature of sound as vibration was much increased by studying the production of timbre on the strings of the ch'in." This understanding of timbre, overtones and higher harmonics eventually led the Chinese to discover equal temperament in music.
In 1977, a recording of "Liu Shui" (Flowing Water, as performed by Guan Pinghu, one of the best qin players of the 20th century) was chosen to be included in the Voyager Golden Record, a gold-plated LP recording containing music from around the world, which was sent into outer space by NASA on the Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 spacecrafts. It is the longest music track included on the disc. In 2003, guqin music was proclaimed one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.
Schools, societies and players
Historical schools and societies
Because of the difference in geography in China, many qin schools known as qin pai (Qin Pai ) developed over the centuries. Such schools generally formed around areas where qin activity was greatest.
The main schools are:
Guangling (Guang Ling ); Yushan (Yu Shan also known as Qinchuan (Qin Chuan ) or Shu (Shou )) in Changshu Chang Shou
Shu (Shu or Chuan (Chuan )) in Sichuan Si Chuan
Fanchuan (Fan Chuan )
Songjiang (Song Jiang )
Jinling (Jin Ling )
Zhucheng (Zhu Cheng )
Mei'an (Mei An / Mei An )
Min (Min ) in Fujian Fu Jian
Pucheng (Pu Cheng )
Jiuyi (Jiu Ni )
Zhe (Zhe )
Shaoxing (Shao Xing )
Wu (Wu )
Shan'nan (Shan Nan )
Most qin schools and groups are based in China. During the 20th century some societies began in other countries. Qin study was initially confined to China in ancient times. Today countries like Japan also have their own qin small traditions. The Tokyo Qin Society was recently founded. Japan has published a qinpu (qin tablature collection) in the past, known as Toukou Kinpu or Donggao Qinpu [(Dong Gao Qin Pu )] .
Players
There have been many players throughout the ages. The instrument was a favourite of the scholars, so many artists played it. Some famous players are also associated with some melodies, like Confucius and Qu Yuan.
Historical:
Confucius Kong Zi : Philosopher, 551-479 BCE, associated with the piece Kongzi Duyi <<Kong Zi Du Yi >> , Weibian Sanjue <<Wei Bian San Jue >> and Youlan <<You Lan >> .
Bo Ya Bo Ya : Qin player of the Spring and Autumn Period, associated with the piece Gao Shan <<Gao Shan >> and Liu Shui <<Liu Shui >> .
Zhuangzi Zhuang Zi : Daoist philosopher of the Warring States Period, associated with the piece Zhuang Zhou Mengdie <<Zhuang Zhou Meng Die >> and Shenhua Yin <<Shen Hua Yin >> .
Qu Yuan Qu Yuan : Poet of the Warring States Period, associated with the piece Li Sao <<Li Sao >> .
Cai Yong Cai Yong : Han Dynasty musician, author of Qin Cao [(Qin Cao )] .
Cai Wenji Cai Wen Ji : Cai Yong's daughter, associated with the piece Hujia Shiba-pai <<Hu Jia Shi Ba Pai >> , etc.
Sima Xiangru Si Ma Xiang Ru : Han poet, 179-117 BCE.
Ji Kang Ji Kang : Sage of the Bamboo Grove, musician and poet, writer of Qin Fu [(Qin Fu )] .
Li Bai Li Bai : Tang poet, 701-762.
Bai Juyi Bai Ju Yi : Tang poet, 772-846.
Song Huizong Song Hui Zong : Song emperor famous for his patronage of the arts, had a Wanqin Tang {Wan Qin Tang } ("10,000 Qin Hall") in his palace.
Guo Chuwang Guo Chu Wang : Patriot at the end of the Song Dynasty, composer of the piece Xiaoxiang Shuiyun <<Xiao Xiang Shui Yun >> .
Classical books such as Qin Shi, Qinshi Bu and Qinshi Xu have biographies of hundreds of more players.
Playing technique
The beauty of qin melodies comes not only from the melodies themselves, but from the variation a player can apply to the individual tones and their combinations. The rich tones of the qin can be categorised as three distinctively different "sounds." The first is san yin [San Yin ] , which means "scattered sounds." This meant simply pluck the required string to sound an open note. The second is fan yin [Fan Yin ] , or "floating sounds." These are harmonics, and the player simply lightly touches the string with one or more fingers of the left hand at a position indicated by the white hui dots, pluck and then lift, creating a crisp and clear sound ringing sound. The third is an yin [An Yin / An Yin / Shi Yin / Zou Yin ] , or "stopped sounds." This forms the majority of most qin pieces and requires the player to press on a string with a finger or thumb of the left hand until it touches with the surface board, then pluck. Afterwards, the hand can slide up and down, thereby changing the pitch.
When plucking the strings, it is not required to attach fake-nails on one's fingers. One will often leave their fingernails long, and cut them into an rounded shape. The length is subjective and will depend on the player's preference, but it is usually around 3-4mm from the finger tip. If it is too short, then the finger tip will deaden the sound as it touches the string after the nail has plucked it. If it is too long then the fingers can make playing difficult. Generally, the nails of the right hand are kept long, whilst the nails of the left are cut short, so as to be able to press on the strings without difficulty.
There are eight basic right hand finger techniques: pi <Pi > (thumb pluck outwards), tuo <Tuo > (thumb pluck inwards), mo <Mo > (index in), tiao <Tiao > (index out), gou <Gou > (middle in), ti <Ti > (middle out), da <Da > (ring in), and zhai <Zhai > (ring out); the little finger is not used. Out of these basic eight, their combinations create many more. Cuo <Cuo > is to pluck two strings at the same time, lun <Lun > is to pluck a string with the ring, middle and index finger out in quick succession, the suo <Suo > technique involves plucking a string several times in a fixed rhythm, bo <Bo > cups the fingers and strums two strings at the same time, and gun fu <Gun Fu > is to create a sequence of sounds by running up and down the strings continuously with the index and middle fingers. These are just a few.
Left hand techniques start from the simple pressing down on the string (mostly with the thumb between the flesh and nail, and the ring finger), sliding up or down to the next note (shang <Shang > and xia <Xia > ), to vibrati by swaying the hand (yin <Yin > and nao <Nao > , there are as many as 15 plus different forms of vibrato), plucking the string with the thumb whilst the ring finger stops the string at the lower position (qiaqi <Qia Qi / Tao Qi > ), hammering on a string using the thumb (yan <Yan / Yan > ), to more difficult techniques such as pressing on several strings at the same time.
Techniques executed by both hands together are more difficult to achieve, for example, qia cuo san sheng <Qia Cuo San Sheng > (a combination of hammering on and off then plucking two strings, then repeating), to more exciting forms, like pressing of all seven strings with the left, then strumming all the strings with the right, then the left hand quickly moves up the qin, creating a rolling sound like a bucket of water being thrown in a deep pool of water (this technique is used in the Shu style of Liu Shui to copy the sound of water).
In order to master the qin, there are in excess of 50 different techniques that must be mastered. Even the most commonly used (such as tiao) are difficult to get right without proper instruction from a teacher.
Tablature and notation
Written qin music did not directly tell what notes were played like many outer musical instruments; instead, it was written in a tablature detailing tuning, finger positions, and plucking technique, thus made up of a step by step method and description of how to play a piece. Some tablatures do indicate notes using the gongche notation system, or indicate rhythm using dots.
The earliest example of the modern shorthand tablature survives from around the 12th century CE. An earlier form of music notation from the Tang era survives in just one manuscript, dated to the 7th century CE, called Jieshi Diao: You Lan <<Jie Shi Diao You Lan >> (Solitary Orchid, in Stone Tablet Mode). It is written in a longhand form called wenzi pu [Wen Zi Pu ] (literally "written notation"), which gives all the details using ordinary written Chinese characters. Later in the Tang dynasty, Cao Rou (Cao Rou ) and others simplified the notation, using only the important elements of the characters (like string number, plucking technique, hui number and which finger to stop the string) and combined them into one character notation. This meant that instead of having two lines of written text to describe a few notes, a single character could represent one note, or sometimes as many as nine. This notation form was called jianzi pu [Jian Zi Pu ] (literally "reduced notation") and it was a great step forward for recording qin scores. It was so successful that from the Ming dynasty (1368-1644) onwards, a lot of qinpu [Qin Pu ] (qin tablature collections) appeared, the most famous and useful being "Shenqi Mipu" (The Mysterious and Marvellous Tablature) compiled by Zhu Quan (Zhu Quan ), the 17th son of the founder of the Ming dynasty. In the 1960s, Zha Fuxi discovered more than 130 qinpu that contain well over 3360 pieces of written music. Many qinpu compiled before the Ming dynasty are now lost, and many pieces have remained unplayed for hundreds of years.
Existing qinpu generally come from private collections or in public libraries throughout China, etc. Those that are available for public purchase are photographic copies printed and bound in the traditional Chinese bookbinding process. More modern qinpu tend to be bound in the normal Western way on modern paper. The format uses qin notation with staff notation and/or jianpu notation.
Repertoire
Qin pieces are usually around three to eight minutes in length, with the longest being "Guangling San" <<Guang Ling San >> , which is 22 minutes long. Other famous pieces include "Liu Shui" <<Liu Shui >> (Flowing Water), "Yangguan San Die" <<Yang Guan San Die >> (Three Refrains on the Yang Pass Theme), "Meihua San Nong" <<Mei Hua San Nong >> (Three Variations on the Plum Blossom Theme), "Xiao Xiang Shui Yun" <<Xiao Xiang Shui Yun >> (Mist and Clouds over the Xiao and Xiang Rivers), and "Pingsha Luo Yan" <<Ping Sha Luo Yan >> (Wild Geese Descending on the Sandbank). The average player can generally play around ten pieces from memory which they will aim to play very well, learning new pieces as and when they feel like it. Players mainly learn popular well studied versions, often using a recording as a reference. In addition to learning to play established or ancient pieces very well, highly skilled qin players may also compose or improvise, although the player must be very good and extremely familiar with the instrument to be successful at it.
Dapu [Da Pu ] is the conversion of old tablature into a playable form. This can be used to create new music as well as to reconstruct the ancient melodies. Since qin tablature does not indicate note value, tempo or rhythm, the player must work it out for him/herself. Normally, qin players will learn the rhythm of a piece through a teacher. They sit facing one another, with the student copying the master. The tablature will only be looked at if the teacher is not sure of how to play a certain part. Because of this, traditional qinpu do not indicate them. If one did not have a teacher, then one had to work out the rhythm by themselves. But it would be a mistake to say that qin music has no rhythm or melody. By the 20th century, there had been attempts to try to replace the shorthand notation, but so far, it has been unsuccessful; since the 20th century, qin music is generally printed with staff notation above the qin tablature. Because qin tablature is so useful, logical, easy, and the fastest way (once the performer knows how to read the notation) of learning a piece, it is invaluable to the qin player and cannot totally be replaced. There are two views of how to best use dapu: one is to use it to create new music, and the other is to use it to reconstruct the way the original music was played.
Construction
According to tradition, the qin originally had five strings, representing the five elements of metal, wood, water, fire and earth. Later, in the Zhou dynasty, Zhou Wen Wang Zhou Wen Wang added a sixth string to mourn his son, Bo Yihou Bo Yi Kao . His successor, Zhou Wu Wang Zhou Wu Wang , added a seventh string to motivate his troops into battle with the Shang. The thirteen hui {Hui } on the surface represent the 13 months of the year (the extra 13th is the 'leap month' in the lunar calendar). The surface board is round to represent Heaven and the bottom board flat to represent earth. The entire length of the qin (in Chinese measurements) is 3 feet, 6.5 inches, representing the 365 days of the year (though this is just a standard since qins can be shorter or longer depending on the period's measurement standard or the maker's preference). Each part of the qin has meaning, some more obvious, like "dragon pool" {Long Chi } and "phoenix pond" {Feng Zhao } .
The sound chamber of the qin is constructed with two boards of wood, typically of differing wood types. The slightly rounded top board (soundboard) is usually made of tong wood {Tong } , the Chinese parasol tree, or Chinese paulownia. The bottom board is made of zi mu {Zi Mu } catalpa (Catalpa ovata) or, more recently, nan mu {Nan Mu } camphor wood (Machilus nanmu). The wood must be well aged, that is, the sap and moisture must be removed (of the top board wood). If sap remains then the sound will not be clear and, as the moisture evaporates, the wood will warp and crack. Some makers use old or ancient wood to construct qins because most of the sap and moisture has been removed naturally by time (old shan mu {Shan Mu } , Chinese Cunninghamia or Japanese Cryptomeria, is often used for creating modern qins). Some go to lengths to obtain extremely ancient wood, such as that from Han dynasty tomb structures or coffins. Although such wood is very dry, it is not necessarily the best since it may be infected with wood worm or be of a bad quality or type. Many modern qins made out of new tong wood (such as those made by Zeng Chengwei) can be better than the quality of antique qins.
There are two sound holes in the bottom board, as the playing techniques of the qin employ the entire surface of the top board which is curved / humped. The inside of the top board is hollowed out to a degree. Inside the qin, there are 'nayin' {Na Yin } sound absorbers, and a 'tian chu' {Tian Zhu } and 'di chu' {Di Zhu } soundposts that connect the bottom board to the top. The boards are joined using bamboo nails. Lacquer {Qi } from the Chinese lacquer tree (Rhus vernicifera) is then applied to the surfaces of the qin, mixed with various types of powder, the most common being "lujiao shuang" {Lu Jiao Shuang } , the remains of deer antler after the glue has been eremoved. Often, ceramic powder is used instead of deer antler powder, but the quality is not as good. After the lacquer has dried (a qin will need several layers), the surface will be polished using oil stones. At the head end of the instrument is the "yue shan" {Yue Shan } or bridge, and at the other end is the "long yin" {Long Ken } (dragon's gums) or nut. There are 13 circular mother-of-pearl inlays which mark the harmonic positions, as well as a reference point to note position, called hui {Hui } ("insignia").
Strings
Until the Cultural Revolution, the guqin's strings were always made of various thicknesses of twisted silk {Si } , but since then most players use modern nylon-flatwound steel strings {Gang Si } . This was partly due to the scarcity of high quality silk strings and partly due to the newer strings' greater durability and louder tone.
Silk strings are made by gathering a prescribed number of strands of silk thread, then twisting them tightly together. The twisted cord of strings is then wrapped around a frame and immersed in a vat of liquid of natural glue that binds the strands together. The strings are taken out and left to dry, before being cut into the appropriate length. The top thicker strings (i.e. strings one to four) are further wrapped in a thin silk thread, coiled around the core to make it smoother.
Recently in China, production of very good quality silk strings has resumed and more players are beginning to use them. Although most contemporary players use nylon-wrapped metal strings, some argue that nylon-wrapped metal strings cannot replace silk strings for their refinement of tone. Furthermore, it is the case that nylon-wrapped metal strings can cause damage to the wood of old qins. Many traditionalists feel that the sound of the fingers of the left hand sliding on the strings to be a distinctive feature of qin music. The modern nylon-wrapped metal strings were very smooth in the past, but are now slightly modified in order to capture these sliding sounds.
Tuning
To string a qin, one traditionally had to tie a butterfly knot (shengtou jie {Ying Tou Jie } ) at one end of the string, and slip the string through the twisted cord (rongkou {Rong Lou } ) which goes into holes at the head of the qin and then out the bottom through the tuning pegs (zhen {Zhen } ). The string is dragged over the bridge (yueshan {Yue Shan } ), across the surface board, over the nut (longyin {Long Ken } dragon gums) to the back of the qin, where the end is wrapped around two legs (fengzu {Feng Zu } "phoenix feet" or yanzu {Yan Zu } "geese feet"). Afterwards, the strings are fine tuned using the tuning pegs. The most common tuning, "zheng diao" <Zheng Diao > , is pentatonic: 1245612 in the traditional Chinese number system or jianpu [Jian Pu ] . Today this is generally interpreted to mean C D F G A c d, but this should be considered do re fa so la do re, since historically the qin was not tuned to absolute pitch. In fact the same tuning can also be considered as 5612356 when the third string is played as do. Thus, except when accompanied by other instruments, only the pitch relations between the seven strings needs to be accurate. Other tunings are achieved by adjusting the tension of the strings using the tuning pegs at the head end. Thus manjiao diao <Man Jiao Diao > (slackened third string) gives 1235612 and ruibin diao <Rui Bin Diao > (raised fifth string) gives 1245712, which is transposed to 2356123.
Playing context
The guqin is nearly always used a solo single instrument, as its quietness of tone means that it cannot be heard over the sounds of most other instruments or an ensemble. It can, however, be played together with a xiao (end-blown bamboo flute), with other qin, or played while singing. In old times, the se (a long zither with movable bridges and 25 strings, similar to the Japanese koto) was frequently used in duets with the qin.
In order for an instrument to accompany the qin, its sound must be mellow and not overwhelm the qin. Thus, the xiao generally used for this purpose is one pitched in the key of F, known as qin xiao, which is narrower than an ordinary xiao. If one sings to qin songs (which is rare nowadays) then one should not sing in an operatic or folk style as is common in China, but rather in a very low pitched and deep way; and the range in which one should sing should not exceed one and a half octaves. The style of singing is similar to that used to recite Tang poetry. To enjoy qin songs, one must learn to become accustomed to the strange style some players may sing their songs to.
Traditionally, the qin was played in a quiet studio or room by oneself, or with a few friends; or played outdoors in places of outstanding natural beauty. Nowadays, many qin players perform at concerts in large concert halls, almost always, out of necessity, using electronic pickups or microphones to amplify the sound. Many qin players attend yaji ({Ya Ji } literally "elegant gatherings"), at which a number of qin players, music lovers, or anyone with an interest in Chinese culture can come along to discuss and play the qin. |
381406 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nawabganj%20District | Nawabganj District | Nawabganj () is a district in northern Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rajshahi Division. |
261860 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Mystery%20of%20Al%20Capone%27s%20Vault | The Mystery of Al Capone's Vault | The Mystery of Al Capone's Vault was a one-time live American television special broadcast in April of 1986. It was hosted by Geraldo Rivera. The program was about the opening of a secret vault once owned by Al Capone. The program is best known for the vault being empty except for a few pieces of trash. |
531116 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebrospinal%20fluid | Cerebrospinal fluid | Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) bathes and protects the central nervous system (the brain and the spinal cord). "Cerebro" means "brain"; "spinal" is a short version of "spinal cord"; and fluid is a liquid.
CSF is made by networks of blood vessels called choriod plexuses in each of the brain's four ventricles.
CSF flows through the subarachnoid space - the space between the two layers of meninges that are closest to the brain (the arachnoid layer and the pia mater). CSF also fills the brain's ventricles, and flows down the middle of the spinal cord (the central canal).
Contents
CSF is created from blood plasma (the liquid part of blood), so CSF's contents are very similar to plasma's. CSF is 99% water. It carries:
Protein (though much less than plasma carries)
Glucose (sugar)
Nutrients
Neurotransmitters (chemical messengers)
Electrolytes (salts), like sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and chloride.
There should be very few white blood cells in the CSF, or none at all. There should be no red blood cells in the CSF.
What CSF does to the brain and the surrounding components
CSF helps the brain float
Being surrounded by CSF helps the brain float inside the skull, like a buoy in water. Because the brain is surrounded by fluid, it floats like it weighs only 2% of what it really does. If the brain did not have CSF to float in, it would sit on the bottom of the skull. The brain's weight would push the bottom of the brain against the skull. Blood would not be able to get to the bottom of the brain because the blood vessels would be getting crushed by the weight of the brain on top of them. Without getting blood (and the oxygen it carries), the neurons in the bottom of the brain would die.a painful death
CSF is the brain's cushion
CSF protects the brain by acting like a cushion. Without CSF, every time a person moved their head, their brain would hit the inside of their skull. This could injure the brain.
When a person hits their head, CSF acts like the airbag in a car and can sometimes keep the brain from slamming into the inside of the skull. However, when a person hits their head very hard - in a car accident, for example - the CSF cannot protect the brain from hitting the skull. This can cause concussions, bleeding in the brain, brain damage, or even death.
CSF rinses toxins out of the brain
The brain's cells do chemical reactions to change one chemical to another chemical that the brain needs. Sometimes, after a chemical reaction, chemicals that the brain does not need are left over. These chemicals are called "waste products." For example, when the brain's cells use oxygen and glucose (sugar) to create energy, carbon dioxide (CO2) is left over. Too much carbon dioxide can poison the brain.
To keep waste products from building up in the CSF, the choroid plexuses make new CSF about four times a day. The old CSF drains out into the bloodstream, bringing waste products and toxins with it. In this way, the CSF rinses things that could hurt the brain out into the bloodstream. The bloodstream can then carry these chemicals to organs that can get rid of them, like the kidneys and the lungs. For example, the bloodstream carries carbon dioxide to the lungs, where it can be breathed out.
Testing CSF
Doctors can use samples of CSF to find out if a person has a brain infection, like meningitis, encephalitis, or syphilis. CSF samples can also show bleeding from certain parts of the brain. Swelling in the brain, caused by some inflammatory diseases like multiple sclerosis, can show in a CSF sample as well.
Usually, doctors take samples of CSF by doing a lumbar puncture (spinal tap).
Results
Normal CSF should be clear and colorless, with no red blood cells, and very few white blood cells.
Signs of a brain infection include:
CSF that is cloudy, yellow, or pink
More protein in the CSF than normal
More white blood cells in the CSF than normal
Less glucose (sugar) in the CSF than normal
Bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other pathogens in the CSF
Protein levels that are higher than normal can be a sign of inflammation in the brain. However, they can also be a sign of other problems, like a bleed in the brain; a brain tumor; epilepsy; and "acute alcoholism."
Cancer cells in the CSF are a sign that a person has brain cancer, or has cancer that started somewhere else and spread to the brain.
Problems with CSF
Too much
Head injuries and some diseases can make too much CSF build up in the brain. This is called hydrocephalus. The extra fluid puts pressure on (squeezes) the brain. This is called increased intracranial pressure. If the pressure gets high enough, the brain's blood vessels get crushed, and blood cannot get to the brain. If a person's brain does not get enough blood and oxygen, they will become unconscious and their brain cells will die. Eventually, the person will die.
Without treatment, 6 out of every 10 people with hydrocephalus will die. The rest will have physical disabilities, intellectual disabilities, and/or other brain problems.
Not enough
Some problems can cause CSF to leak out through a hole or tear in the dura mater (the layer of the meninges that is next to the skull and the bones of the spinal cord). CSF leaks are usually a complication of a lumbar puncture or certain kinds of surgery on the head, neck, or brain. However, an injury to the head or spine can also cause a CSF leak. Sometimes, doctors cannot find a cause for a CSF leak.
Most people with CSF leaks get better on their own, after the hole in the dura mater heals. However, some CSF leaks can cause serious complications:
Bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens can get in through the same hole CSF is leaking out of. This can cause brain infections like meningitis.
Without enough CSF to float in, the brain sits on the bottom of the skull. The brain's weight can:
Crush the blood vessels in the bottom of the brain
Press on the brainstem, causing very low blood pressure
Push the brain down through the hole in the bottom of the skull, where the brainstem turns into the spinal cord. This can cause paralysis, brain damage, coma, and death. |
150261 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pougny%2C%20Ain | Pougny, Ain | Pougny is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France. |
155099 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broeck%20Pointe%2C%20Kentucky | Broeck Pointe, Kentucky | Broeck Pointe is a city of Kentucky in the United States. |
807863 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack%20Page%20%28politician%29 | Jack Page (politician) | Jack Page (January 18, 1950 - December 14, 2020) was an American Democratic politician. He was a member of the Alabama House of Representatives from the 29th district from 1993 to 2010. He was born in Kokura, Kyushu, Japan.
Page died of COVID-19 on December 14, 2020, in Gadsden, Alabama at age 70. |
70421 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eneco%20Tour%20of%20Benelux | Eneco Tour of Benelux | The Eneco Tour of Benelux is a UCI ProTour bicycle stage race. Its name refers to its main sponsor, the energy company Eneco Energie. The first Eneco Tour of Benelux took place from August 3 to August 10 2005
History
The Tour of the Netherlands began on 6 May 1948, but only became an annual event in 1975. From about 2000 it was known as the Eneco tour. The start of the UCI's ProTour in 2005 saw the tour reorganised.
Organization
The then UCI president Hein Verbruggen wanted to keep the Tour of the Netherlands for "marketing reasons". (Part of the UCI's job is to make cycling more popular). The Dutch Tour organisation got a better sponsor (ENECO Energie). But because the race was not difficult enough for the new ProTourthe race organisers asked the organisers of the Tour of Belgium and the Tour de Luxembourg. The idea was a Tour of the Benelux that would replace the three. The Tours of Belgium and Luxembourg will carry on. The organisers of the Tour of Luxembourg did not want to join the new big race, so the Eneco tour only covers Belgium and the Netherlands.
Winners
General classification
The overall winner of the race by time wears a red jersey (Dutch: Rode trui or French: Maillot rouge).
Points classification
In 2005, the overall winner of the race by points (Dutch: Puntenklassement) wears a blue jersey (Dutch: Blauwe trui or French: Maillot bleu). This was changed to a white jersey however in 2006.
Mountains classification
No jersey is awarded for leading this classification.
Young rider classification
Before 2007, the best young (under 25) rider of the race got to wear a yellow jersey. (Dutch: Gele trui or French: Maillot jaune). |
479191 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fj%C3%A4r%C3%A5s%20kyrkby | Fjärås kyrkby | Fjaras kyrkby is a locality in Kungsbacka Municipality in Halland County in Sweden. In 2010, 2,321 people lived there. The place is located at the shorelines of the lake of Lygnern. |
834314 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mykhailo%20Kushnerenko | Mykhailo Kushnerenko | Mykhailo Kushnerenko (; 18 August 1938 - 2 April 2021) was a Ukrainian politician. He was Governor of Kherson Oblast from 1997 to 1998. He was a member of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union and the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic from 1989 to 1991.
Kushnerenko died on 2 April 2021 in Kiev, Ukraine at the age of 82. |
953176 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derbyshire%20Dome | Derbyshire Dome | The Derbyshire Dome is one of the keys to understanding the middle part of England. It is a geological formation across mid-Derbyshire in England.
The White Peak area of the Peak District is named after the limestone plateau landscape of the 'Derbyshire Dome' anticline. It was laid down in a tropical sea about 350 million years ago in the Carboniferous period. Later the limestone raised above water in a dome shape. It was eroded so that many caverns existed. This is described as a karst landscape.
The plateau is mostly between 200m and 300m above sea level. This limestone outcrop is surrounded on the west, north and east by a horseshoe-shaped formation of younger sandstones (gritstones) and shales, known as the Dark Peak (see diagram). The town of Buxton is at the western edge of the limestone region. The Triassic sandstones of the Midlands plain are the south edge of the limestone region.
The ground is hard to move across. Evidently much of it was made of coral reefs, which are very tough and irregular. The roads of the Peak District are narrow and winding. Motorways avoid the Peak District by being to the East and West of the dome.
The other main karst landscapes of England are the Yorkshire Dales and the Mendip Hills. |
539597 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harris%20Wofford | Harris Wofford | Harris Llewellyn Wofford, Jr. (April 9, 1926 - January 21, 2019) was an American politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party who represented Pennsylvania in the United States Senate from 1991 to 1995.
Career
Wofford was also the fifth president of Bryn Mawr College from 1970 to 1978, served as Chairman of the Pennsylvania Democratic Party in 1986, as Pennsylvania Secretary of Labor and Industry in the cabinet of Governor Robert P. Casey from 1987 to 1991 and was a surrogate for Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign.
He introduced Obama in Philadelphia at the National Constitution Center before Obama's speech on race in America, A More Perfect Union.
Personal life
In 1948, Wofford married Clare Lindgren and they later had three children. She died in 1996. In 2016, Wofford announced that he would marry Matthew Charlton, his companion of many years.
Wofford died on January 21, 2019 at a hospital in Washington, D.C. from complications of a fall at the age of 92. |
560182 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyudmila%20Pavlichenko | Lyudmila Pavlichenko | Lyudimila Mykhailivna Pavlichenko (12 July 1916 10 October 1974 was a Ukrainian Soviet sniper. She shot German soldiers in World War 2. She was one of the top military snipers of all time, and is credited with 309 kills. She was the most successful female sniper in history. |
870049 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aziz%20Akhannouch | Aziz Akhannouch | Aziz Akhannouch (; born 1961) is a Moroccan politician and businessman. Akhannouch is the Prime Minister of Morocco since 2021. He was Minister of Agriculture from 2007 to 2021, and President of the regional council of Souss-Massa region from 2003 to 2007. He became Secretary General of National Rally of Independents party since 2016.
On the Forbes list of richest men in Africa in 2020, Akhennouch was 12th. |
365911 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diving%20at%20the%202012%20Summer%20Olympics | Diving at the 2012 Summer Olympics | The diving competitions at the 2012 Olympic Games in London took place from 29 July to 11 August at the Aquatics Centre in the Olympic Park. It was one of four aquatic sports at the Games, along with swimming, water polo and synchronised swimming.
The 2012 Games had competitions in eight events (men and women events each of): 3m springboard, synchronised 3m springboard, 10m platform, and synchronised 10m platform.
The diving had 136 athletes representing 25 countries. All divers must be at least 14 years old on or by 31 December 2012.
China was the most successful nation, topping the medal table with six golds and ten in total.
Qualification
A nation could have no more than 16 divers qualify (up to eight males and eight females) and could enter up to two divers in individual events and one pair in synchronised events.
For the individual diving events, qualifiers were:
the top 12 finishers in each event from the 2011 World Championships,
the five continental champions in each event, and
up to 18 semi-finalists from the 2012 Diving World Cup.
For the synchronised events (pairs), qualifiers were:
the top three finishers in each event from the 2011 World Championships,
the top four from in each event the 2012 World Cup, and
the host nation (Great Britain).
Note: Qualifying spots go to the nation - they are not tied to the individual diver who achieved the place/finish at the qualifying event. However, an individual diver may only qualify one spot for their nation. |
39877 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1284 | 1284 | 1284 was a leap year.
Births
April 25 - Edward II of England (died 1327), King of England |
639113 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominique%20Colonna | Dominique Colonna | Dominique Colonna (born 4 September 1928) is a former French footballer. He played as a goalkeeper. Colonna was born in Corte, Haute-Corse. He played for the French national team from 1957 to 1961 and for the Cameroon national team from 1965 to 1970. He won the Coupe de France in 1958. |
1025501 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zabaykalsky%20Krai | Zabaykalsky Krai | Zabaykalsky Krai () is a federal subject (a krai) of Russia. The administrative center is the city of Chita. In 2010, 1,107,107 people lived there.
The krai was created on 1 March 2008 from the merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug. |
990082 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warfare%20in%20southern%20Ukraine%20during%20the%20Russo-Ukrainian%20War | Warfare in southern Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War | Fighting in southern Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War has been going on since 2014. The war between Russia and Ukraine became bigger in February 2022, when Russia invaded Ukraine. Fighting is still going on in southern Ukraine, as of 2023's third quarter.
The 2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive started in June.
Battles and taking control of land
Battle of Huliaipole; More and more Ukrainian soldiers were gathered around Huliaipole (media said on December 19, 2022); In response, more and more Russian soldiers gathered around Melitopol. Most fighting is in Huliaipole, Zaporizhzhia Oblast.
Dnieper clashes; In 2023, Ukrainian soldiers have (again) been making incursions and taking part in skirmishes on the eastern bank of the Dnieper River.
As of May 2023, ISW said that some Ukrainian soldiers (were in control of, or) were staying on the southern part of the island Ostriv Velykyi Potomkin.
In May 2023, the ISW said that Ukrainian soldiers had taken control of Toloka Island and the Zburivsksyi Kut bay at the mouth of the river delta. Also, the ISW said that there was significant (fighting or) partisan activity in Hola Prystan and Oleshky against the Russian administrators at those places.
Dachi, a village on the East Bank of the Dnieper River - and near the Antonivka Road Bridge, is under the control of Ukrainian soldiers (as of April 2023). Antonivsky island, which is swampy, is under Ukrainian control.
In January 2023, a Russian milblogger said that Ukrainian soldiers were still doing reconnaissance on Kinburn Spit. Ukrainian authorities gave support to that claim.
Ended in 2022
Kherson counteroffensive, ended November 11, 2022; It happended in Kherson oblast.
Ukraine took the city of Kherson back on November 11, 2022. The city is in Kherson oblast.
Ukraine took Davydiv Brid back on October 4, 2022. The place is in Kherson oblast.
Battle of Davydiv Brid, ended 16 June, 2022.
Battle of Mykolaiv, ended April 8, 2022. Ukrainian soldiers kept the city. The battle took place in Mykolaiv, Mykolaiv Oblast.
Battle of Kherson, ended 2 March, 2022.
Ended in 2014
During the Offensive on Mariupol, Russian and Russian-backed separatist troops supporting the Donetsk People's Republic moved towards the city of Mariupol. Fighting started in the outskirts of the city on September 6, 2014. |
918552 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivetha%20Thomas | Nivetha Thomas | Nivetha Thomas is an Indian actress, model and television personality who appears mainly in the South Indian films. She has worked in films across Telugu, Malayalam and Tamil language. Nivetha began her career debut as a child artist with the Malayalam film Veruthe Oru Bharya (2008) and for which she won the Kerala State Film Award for Best Child Artist. Further, she went on to star as a main character in many successful movies including Gentleman (2016), Ninnu Kori (2017), 118 (2019), V (2020) and Vakeel Saab (2021) etc. |
830448 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peace%27s%20Road | Peace's Road | Peace's Road () is a 1917 Hungarian silent movie directed by Michael Curtiz. |
909191 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022%20Petr%C3%B3polis%20floods | 2022 Petrópolis floods | On February 15, 2022, intense rainfall in Petropolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, caused mudslides and flooding that destroyed parts of the city.
At least 176 people died in the disaster.
President Jair Bolsonaro showed his support for the city and said he would visit after his visit to Russia. The Brazilian federal government also announced that it would give R$2.3 million to the city. |
255424 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWF%20Over%20the%20Edge | WWF Over the Edge | WWF Over the Edge was a professional wrestling PPV that was produced by WWF. It had two PPVs but was retired after wrestler Owen Hart fell 78 feet from the rafters to the ring during his entrance and died hitting the ring post. |
310984 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope%20Gregory%20I | Pope Gregory I | Pope Gregory I (; c. 540 - 12 March 604), better known in English as Gregory the Great, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 64th Pope from 3 September 590 to his death in 604.
Gregory was born in Rome, but the date of his birth is not certain. He was the son of a noble Roman family.
Gregory was elected pope in 590. |
961216 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beulah%2C%20Mississippi | Beulah, Mississippi | Beulah is a town in Bolivar County, Mississippi, United States. |
777313 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nogent-sur-Aube | Nogent-sur-Aube | Nogent-sur-Aube is a commune of the Aube departement in the north-central part of France. |
231124 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20States%20Football%20League | United States Football League | The United States Football League was a football league in the 1980s. The spring and summer is when the USFL would play football. Entrepreneur Donald Trump owned some parts of the league. John Bassett was the late owner of the Tampa Bay Bandits, of the USFL. |
59348 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Father%20Damien | Father Damien | Father Damien, also Saint Damien of Molokai, born as Joseph de Veuster in Belgium on January 3, 1840 and died on April 15, 1889, was a Roman Catholic Priest and missionary. He was known for helping people with leprosy in the colony of Kalaupapa on the island of Molokai in Hawaii. Father Damien came to Hawaii in 1864. During this time, many Native Hawaiians were dying from many of the diseases they caught from the white settlers. The King of Hawaii, made the people who had leprosy live in a colony away from other people. Father Damien went to help the sick people and gave them hope. Father Damien also died from leprosy, but what he did helped many people.
In 1995, he was beatified (made an important person) by the Pope, and he is recognized by both the Catholic and Anglican churches. Father Damien was canonized by Pope Benedict XVI on Sunday October 11, 2009.
His is Patron Saint of the Diocese of Honolulu, as well as all of Hawaii, of people with leprosy, and of outcasts, as well as people suffering from HIV and AIDS as well. |
47014 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issue | Issue | Issue may have one of the following special meanings:
The subject or question of a debate
A single instance of a serial publication, such as a journal, magazine or a newspaper.
Issue (legal), a point disputed by parties to a lawsuit.
Issue (computers), a generalization of the term bug.
Social issue, an issue which affects many people in a society
In project management, an issue is the result of an event that has occurred and has a positive or negative impact on the project and should be analyzed and dealt with via actions. |
115527 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liar%20Liar | Liar Liar | Liar Liar is a 1997 American fantasy comedy movie set in Los Angeles, California. It was directed by Tom Shadyac. It stars Jim Carrey as a lawyer whose son makes a birthday wish that he cannot tell any more lies. |
1035824 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djibril%20Sall | Djibril Sall | Djibril Sall is a judoka from Senegal. Sall competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics. He was born on 6 April 1961. |
971654 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roncq | Roncq | Roncq is a commune in Nord in north France. In 2019, 13,482 people lived there. |
478582 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan%20Hinde | Joan Hinde | Joan Hinde (21 October 1933 - 22 January 2015) was a British trumpeter and entertainer. She was known for performing with Ken Dodd. For her entire career, she remained a radio, theatre and cabaret artiste, and never broke into the medium of television. In 2002 she made her first television appearance in many years on LWT's Another Audience with Ken Dodd. She retired in 2012. |
749806 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Laws%20%28judge%29 | John Laws (judge) | Sir John Grant McKenzie Laws (10 May 1945 - 5 April 2020) was a British judge. He served as a Lord Justice of Appeal (1999-2016) and as a High Court judge (1992-1998). Laws was married to Sophie Marshall from 1973 until her death in 2017. The couple had one daughter. He was also the uncle of Dominic Cummings.
On 5 April 2020, Laws died of problems caused by COVID-19 in Chelsea, London. He had at first been in hospital for treatment of sepsis and other conditions. |
884083 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattelsdorf | Rattelsdorf | Rattelsdorf is a municipality with market rights in the Upper Franconian district of Bamberg. |
360210 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregory%20Hines | Gregory Hines | Gregory Oliver Hines (February 14 1946-August 9th 2003) was an American singer, dancer and actor. He has acted in many movies and television programs. He also did Broadway plays. He died due to liver cancer. He was born in New York City. |
148536 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satsuma%2C%20Alabama | Satsuma, Alabama | Satsuma is a city in Mobile County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 5,687. It is a part of the Mobile metropolitan statistical area. |
789952 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lennart%20Forsberg | Lennart Forsberg | Lennart Forsberg (28 March 1928 - 6 September 2020) was a Swedish footballer. He played as a left winger. Forsberg debuted in 1945 with GIF Sundsvall. He also played for Djurgarden.
Forsberg died on 6 September 2020 at the age of 92. |
199255 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasman%20Bridge | Tasman Bridge | The Tasman Bridge is a five-lane bridge which crosses the Derwent River, near the central business district of Hobart, Tasmania. The bridge replaced a 1943 floating concrete bridge which had a liftable middle section to allow ships to pass through. Work began on the Tasman Bridge in April 1960, and it was finished on 23 December, 1964. It was officially opened by the Duke of Gloucester on 18 March, 1965. It was named after Abel Tasman, the Dutch explorer who was the first European to visit Tasmania in 1642.
Details
The bridge, including the approaches, is long, of which is over the water. The bridge is made up of concrete columns supporting the road deck. There are 19 viaduct spans, each , a main navigation span of and two spans at which provide access beneath for ships. The bridge is above the mean water level. The bridge columns rest on bedrock which in some places was more than below the ground surface.
Collapse
On 5 January, 1975, a ship, the SS Lake Illawarra, carrying 10,000 tons of zinc concentrate crashed into the bridge. This caused two of the columns and three spans of the bridge to collapse into the river. The ship sank quickly in the deep water. Four cars fell into the river killing five people, and seven members of the ship's crew were also killed. Several cars were able to stop, with their front wheels hanging over the edge.
The collapse of the bridge left people living on the east bank of the Derwent with a 50km drive to get into the city. A temporary Bailey bridge was put in place. This was the longest Bailey bridge in the world. The Tasman Bridge was rebuilt and opened again to traffic on 8 October, 1977. |
44901 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabulating%20machine | Tabulating machine | The tabulating machine was a machine used to make the 1890 United States census. It was made by Herman Hollerith. Hollerith's machine used punched cards to store information with by categorisation. |
735047 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B3zef%20Zych | Józef Zych | Joseph Zych (, born 23 March 1938) is a Polish politician. He is a member of the Polish People's Party. He was Sejm Marshal from 1995 to 1997 (and many times as Senior Marshall).
As a Sejm Marshal, Zych administered the oath of office for the first term of President Aleksander Kwasniewski in December 1995. |
351516 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hatfield%20Broad%20Oak | Hatfield Broad Oak | Hatfield Broad Oak is a village and civil parish in Uttlesford, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 1167 people living in Hatfield Broad Oak. |
802420 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raul%20del%20Mar | Raul del Mar | Raul Veloso del Mar (March 20, 1941 - November 16, 2020) was a Filipino Liberal politician and lawyer. He was a member of the House of Representatives from 1987 to 1988, then 2001 to 2010 and again from 2012 until his death. He was also the Deputy Speaker of the House from 2004 to 2010. He was born in Cebu City.
Del Mar died on November 16, 2020 in Manila at the age of 79. |
804796 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/DeepMind | DeepMind | DeepMind Technologies is a UK based artificial intelligence company and research laboratory founded in September 2010. It was bought by Google in 2014. The company merged with Google AI's Google Brain division to become Google DeepMind in April 2023.
The company is based in London, with research centres in Canada, France, and the United States. |
342670 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadheath%2C%20Worcestershire | Broadheath, Worcestershire | Broadheath with Lower Broadheath is a civil parish officially known as Lower Broadheath, in the Malvern Hills district of Worcestershire, England. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 1,713. The parish also includes Upper Broadheath, which is about 3 miles north-west of Worcester.
There are many housing estates in the village.
The village has a village hall, church, post office and shop, a village green with a football pitch, running track and many children's play areas. There is a large village common. There is also a primary school (Broadheath C.E. Primary School). The school has about 150 children, from the age of four up to eleven. There are also three pubs in the village.
Broadheath is the birthplace of the English composer Edward Elgar. |
709828 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lder%20%28footballer%29 | Élder (footballer) | Elder, born July 19, 1976, is a former Brazilian footballer. |
899685 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elisabetta%20Casellati | Elisabetta Casellati | Maria Elisabetta Casellati, nee Alberti (born 12 August 1946), is an Italian lawyer and politician. She was the President of the Italian Senate from 2018 to 2022. She is the first woman to have ever held this position. In 2022, she was nominated as a candidate for President of Italy by centre-right coalition. Election president, the crash of lawyer Casellati who was already seen at the Quirinale. She became Minister for Institutional Reforms in the Giorgia Meloni cabinet in 2022. |
870198 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hallsville%2C%20Texas | Hallsville, Texas | Hallsville is a city in Harrison County, Texas, United States. |
839119 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merzig | Merzig | Merzig (, , Moselle Franconian: Meerzisch/Mierzesch) is a town and capital of Merzig-Wadern, a district (Kreis) in Saarland. |
967937 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ry-en-Vexin | Cléry-en-Vexin | Clery-en-Vexin is a commune. It is in Ile-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north France. |
728071 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/No%20Fun%20at%20All | No Fun at All | No Fun at All is a Swedish punk rock band. The band started in summer 1991 in Skinnskatteberg. The original members were: Mikael Danielsson (guitar), Jimmie Olsson (vocals, drums) and Henrik Sunvisson (bass guitar). The name came from the Sex Pistols' version of The Stooges' song "No Fun" and the name of the band Sick of It All. The group released their albums on the Swedish label Burning Heart Records outside the United States. In the U.S., No Fun at All's albums were released by Theologian Records and later by Epitaph Records.
In 1993, Jimmie Olsson left the band to work on his other band Sober. No Fun at All then added three new members: Ingemar Jansson (vocals), Krister Johansson (guitar) and Kjell Ramstedt (drums). In 1999, Sunvisson left No Fun at All. Danielsson switched from guitar to bass guitar and Stefan Neuman, from Tribulation, joined to play guitar. On November 11, 2001, after ten years together, the band quit. But, since 2004, No Fun at All has play some reunion concerts. |
91625 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaustadt | Gaustadt | Gaustadt is a district of Bamberg, Upper Franconia in Germany. In Gaustadt there is a brewery called Brauerei Kaiserdom (Brewery Kaiserdom). |
532639 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenton | Kenton | Kenton may refer to:
Places
Canada
Kenton, Manitoba
South Africa
Kenton-on-Sea
United Kingdom
Kenton, Devon
Kenton, London
Kenton, Newcastle upon Tyne
Kenton, Suffolk
United States
Kenton, Delaware
Kenton Hundred, an unincorporated subdivision of Kent County, Delaware
Kenton County, Kentucky
Kenton, Ohio
Kenton, Michigan
Kenton, Portland, Oregon
Kenton, Oklahoma
Kenton, Tennessee
Other uses
Kenton (surname) |
981472 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorgio%20Vanni | Giorgio Vanni | Giorgio Vanni (Milan, Italy 19 August 1963) is an Italian songwriter and guitarist. |
171300 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somalia%20national%20football%20team | Somalia national football team | Somalia national football team is the national football team of Somalia. They have never qualified for the World Cup or the African Cup of Nations. |
410238 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlskoga%20Municipality | Karlskoga Municipality | Karlskoga Municipality () is a municipality in Varmland County in central Sweden. The seat is in Karlskoga. |
512334 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canoga%20Park%2C%20Los%20Angeles | Canoga Park, Los Angeles | Canoga Park, Los Angeles is a neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. |
961330 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burnsville%2C%20Mississippi | Burnsville, Mississippi | Burnsville is a town in Tishomingo County, Mississippi, United States. |
288269 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3%20Bodn%C3%A1r | László Bodnár | Laszlo Bodnar (born February 25, 1979 in Mateszalka) is a Hungarian football defender. He is playing for FC Red Bull Salzburg in the Austrian Bundesliga.
He started playing professional with VSC Debrecen in Hungary. From 2000 till 2003 he played for Dynamo Kiew and Arsenal Kiew in the Ukraine. 2003 he came to Roda JC Kerkrade and 2006 till 2009 to FC Red Bull Salzburg. 2009 he went back to Debrecen and played with the team in the UEFA Champions League group stage. After the year with Debrecen he found no new team but in 2011 he came back to FC Red Bull Salzburg. For Red Bull Salzburg he played 66 matches and scored only two goals but got a lot of assistance points.
Laszlo Bodnar played 22 times for the Hungarian football national team, one time he was the captain. |
385490 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim%20Myung-sun | Kim Myung-sun | Kim Myung-sun(; Hanja: , 20 January 1896 - 22 June 1951) was a Korean writer and poet. She was a journalist, novelist, a femenist activist, and a movie actor. Her nickname was Tansil(), Mangyangcho () and real name was Tansil. |
468416 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjetil-Vidar%20Haraldstad | Kjetil-Vidar Haraldstad | Kjetil-Vidar Haraldstad (born June 28, 1973) is a Norwegian extreme drummer. He is better known by his stage name, Frost. He chose this stage name, because he wanted to purify himself and become one with the darkness and the Frost of Black Metal. He currently plays for the black metal bands Satyricon and 1349. He is considered reputable for being one of the fastest and most proficient drummer alive, and a legend to Black Metal and to Norway art scene.
He has also took part as a drummer with the bands Gorgoroth, Zyklon-B, Gehenna and Keep of Kalessin. He first joined Satyricon temporarily to record the band second demo "The Forest is My Throne" (split album form Satyricon and Enslaved from the year 1993 - "Black Winds" and "Min hyllest til vinterland" are the two other song of the 3 songs demo album), but that changed in the next release, the first studio album Dark Medival Times (1994), where he was promoted to a permanent member.
He used blast beats during his performances with 1349 and Satyricon. He has since done more simplistic and mid-tempo with Satyricon.
During a tour, he was denied entry to North America by the US Department of Homeland Security. This was because he did not note that he was sentenced to 5 months for assault, for a bar fight in the early 1990s, when he was applying for his work visa. On the 1349 tours before 2008, Tony Laureano replaced him on drums. Joey Jordison and Trym Torson also performed with Satyricon during the bands North American tour dates. Frost was later able to join the band and perform again in the United States. |
241128 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario%20J.%20Molina | Mario J. Molina | Mario J. Molina (March 19, 1943 - October 7, 2020) was a Mexican chemist who won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1995. This was because, in the 1970s, he was one of the scientists who discovered that there was a hole in the ozone layer in the Earth's atmosphere. He is the first Mexican to receive the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
Molina was one of 20 Nobel Laureates who signed the "Stockholm memorandum" at the 3rd Nobel Laureate Symposium on Global Sustainability in Stockholm, Sweden on 18 May 2011. Molina led a committee of the American Association for the Advancement of Science which released a stark report on global warming March 2014.
Molina was born in Mexico City. He studied at National Autonomous University of Mexico, University of Freiburg and at the University of California, Berkeley. Molina died in Mexico City from a heart attack on October 7, 2020 at the age of 77. |
755030 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammerwich | Hammerwich | Hammerwich is a small village and civil parish in Lichfield District, Staffordshire, England. It is south-east of Burntwood. About 700 people lived there in 2011. |
650743 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andreas%20Kappes | Andreas Kappes | Andreas Kappes (23 December 1965 - 30 July 2018) was a German cyclist. He was a professional from 1987 to 2009, active on the road and on the track. He had total 133 wins, and, as an amateur, represented West Germany at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California. He was born in Bremen, Germany.
Kappes died from anaphylaxis caused by an insect bite, aged 52. |
917528 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montigny-l%C3%A8s-Cormeilles | Montigny-lès-Cormeilles | Montigny-les-Cormeilles is a commune. It is in Ile-de-France in the Val-d'Oise department in north-central France. In 2019, 21,528 people lived there.
The commune is in the northwestern suburbs of Paris, from the center. |
482137 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B6derk%C3%B6pings%20IS | Söderköpings IS | Soderkopings IS was a sports club in the town of Soderkoping in Sweden. It was established 12 December 1917. The bandy team played in the Swedish top division in 1942. It lost all five league games. In 1950 the club won the bandy district championship. The soccer team has played five seasons in the Swedish fourth division.
On 15 January 2004 the club merged with IK Ramunder. It lead to the establishment of Soderkopings IK. |
1006459 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kangla%20Sha | Kangla Sha | In Meitei stories, Kangla Sa or Kangla Sha is a dragon lion. It has a lion's body, a dragon's head, and two horns. Meitei people believe it to be holy. Kangla Sha is a symbol of the Meitei royal family. The most popular statues of "Kangla Sa" stand inside the Kangla. |
128768 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Couesmes-Vauc%C3%A9 | Couesmes-Vaucé | Couesmes-Vauce is a commune of 383 people (1999). It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Mayenne department in the northwest of France. |
319635 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogan%20River | Bogan River | The Bogan River is an inland river of New South Wales, Australia. It begins at Goonumbla, near Parkes. It flows in a north west direction for about before it joins the Darling River near Bourke. The towns of Tottenham, Peak Hill and Nyngan are built on the banks of the Bogan River.
The first European to see the Bogan River was Charles Sturt in 1828-9. He named it New Year Creek. However the Indigenous Australian name, Bogan, which means birthplace of a king, was the name that was used. The explorer Sir Thomas Mitchell created a painting in 1836 of an Aboriginal man, Combo, from the Bogan River.
At Peak Hill, the local weir is built on Aboriginal stone fishing traps, similar to those in Brewarrina. |
691195 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminist%20anthropology | Feminist anthropology | Feminist anthropology is a theory that combines anthropology (the study of humans) and feminism (the political movement for the rights of women). Feminism began to noticeably make a mark on anthropology during the 1970's . Feminist anthropology changed how anthropologists study women. Anthropologists for the most part used to ignore women's work and not bother understanding their social roles. The influence of feminist anthropology can be seen in the inclusion of women's stories and perspectives in anthropology.
History
Before the 1960's most anthropologists were men, most anthropology research was about men, and because of that the contributions of women were not understood or considered important. Feminist anthropologists were recognized as a group in the 1970's. They were concerned about male bias, so they worked to get more women doing research and writing and more academics focusing on the roles of women in their research. Feminist anthropology is often political and related to activism, or making change to help people that need it.
Feminist anthropology led to an increase in research from all over the world that focused on women. Early feminist anthropologists in the United States and Europe questioned whether women were considered unequal to men everywhere in the world, or if that was just true where they were from. They found that people think of and treat women as less important than men all over the world. Feminism was needed everywhere. Unfortunately, what a lot of feminists thought about as gender related issues that everyone faced were mostly things that educated white women from the United States and Europe knew about and saw as issues. Other perspectives about womanhood were expressed but they were not as common in academic writing or getting as much attention in anthropology. This was a big problem.
Later feminist anthropologists questioned whether the idea of gender is the same everywhere in the world. They found out that lots of people have lots of different ideas about what gender is and what is normal for people of different genders to do. This means that even though women all over the world are treated as less important than men in a lot of situations, this looks different to different women. This includes people born in different areas of the world, with different religions, lifestyles, education levels, body types, skin colors, sexualities, incomes, jobs, and physical abilities. Not all women have the same experiences of womanhood, which is one of the reasons that it is so important that feminist anthropology comes from the perspectives of lots of women who have had different life experiences from each other. Today it does.
Feminist anthropology doesn't only come from the voices of white educated women, but there are still more of those voices represented than the voices of all of the other women in the world. It has happened a lot (and still happens a lot) that white educated women tell the stories of women who have very different life experiences than them. Sometimes they do a good job telling the stories but sometimes they get things wrong or they don't understand the perspective of the women they are talking about. Feminist anthropologists today aim to recognize and point out this kind of bias. Sometimes feminist anthropologists talk a bit about their experiences to let people understand their perspective and their potential bias more before reading their paper. Sometimes they talk about their ideas in unusual ways like with poetry, drawings, or in multiple languages to let people see their perspective in different ways. This helps make anthropology easier to understand for people who don't read academic papers, don't speak English, or think in different ways than people are taught to think in western schools.
Importance today
Feminist anthropology today is connecting people all over the world by sharing stories of women and creating ideas to combat different types of male dominance. Both women and men read and write feminist anthropology. Sharing and trying to understand the significance of women's stories gives these stories importance when they might not have been heard, lets people understand what makes different women happy and what problems different women face, uncovers and helps explain similarities and differences in people, and might make it easier for people who don't know each other to help each other out. Sometimes these stories are written by the women they are about (autoethnographies) and sometimes those stories are written by anthropologists who do their best to record the stories of those women the way they would want their stories to be told. This can give women power.
Feminist anthropologists have realized that even when there are female anthropologists from different perspectives doing work that helps women and tells their stories, and even though women today get more PhD's than men in anthropology, they are not published, cited, or given jobs as often as male anthropologists are. This means people still usually learn about women from the point of view of men, and women do not get credit for the work they do as often as men do [3].
This is one of the reasons why feminist anthropology is an important part of anthropology. Feminist anthropologists are trying to change this by reading and citing women and pointing out when they see this happening, . If there were no feminists, there may continue to be more men than women teaching anthropology and more papers written by men being read. Men tend to cite each other, and they write about other men a lot of the time, so anthropology would be taught by mostly men and about mostly men.This would make it so most of our ideas about humans came just from men (less than half of the human population). Feminist anthropologists are some of the people working to make sure this doesn't happen.
Feminist anthropology is important to all four sub-fields of anthropology. The four sub-fields are cultural anthropology, biological anthropology (also called physical anthropology), archaeology, and linguistic anthropology. Feminist anthropology is used most often in cultural anthropology. Feminist anthropology is used with many other theories in anthropology like queer anthropology, agency theory, and decolonization. |
150276 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reyrieux | Reyrieux | Reyrieux is a commune. It is found in the region Auvergne-Rhone-Alpes in the Ain department in the east of France. |
409623 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tel%20Aviv%20Stock%20Exchange | Tel Aviv Stock Exchange | The Tel Aviv Stock Exchange (TASE; ) is the central stock exchange of Israel. It is in Tel Aviv. In 2014 the Stock Exchange will move to a new building next to the Shalom Meir Tower. |
508344 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques%20Sernas | Jacques Sernas | Jacques Sernas (; sometimes credited as Jack Sernas; 30 July 1925 - 3 July 2015) was a Lithuanian-born French actor with an international movie career. He was known for his roles in Lost Youth, Helen of Troy, The Dirty Game, and in Midas Run. |
637647 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slough | Slough | Slough is a large town in Berkshire, England. It is on the western fringes of the Greater London Urban Area, west of central London, north of Windsor, east of Maidenhead, southeast of High Wycombe and northeast of the county town of Reading. It is between the Thames Valley and London and at the intersection of the M4, M40 and M25 motorways. |
182641 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paolo%20Pulici | Paolo Pulici | Paolo Pulici (born 27 April, 1950) is a former Italian football player. He has played for Italy national team. |
234140 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faber%20Drive | Faber Drive | Faber Drive is a Juno award nominated band from Canada. They became a band in 2004 when they were discovered by Nickelback frontman, Chad Kroeger and later released their debut album Seven Second Surgery. They are signed to 604 records which is the area code of the lower mainland of Vancouver.
Their name comes from the lead singer, Dave Faber's last name.
Their newest album is can'T keEp A SecrEt (sylized to say "TEASE"), which came to stores in 2009. |
890266 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wies%C5%82aw%20Hartman | Wiesław Hartman | Wieslaw Hartman (23 October 1950 - 24 November 2021) was a Polish show jumping equestrian. Hartman was born in Kwidzyn, Poland. He took part in the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. He won a silver medal in team jumping.
Hartman died on 24 November 2021, at the age of 71. |
763951 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/47th%20parallel%20north | 47th parallel north | The 47th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 47 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It crosses Europe, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean.
At this latitude the sun is visible for 15 hours, 54 minutes during the summer solstice and 8 hours, 31 minutes during the winter solstice. |
793881 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heerde | Heerde | Heerde is a municipality found in the Dutch province of Gelderland. In 2019, 18,546 people lived there. |
1022455 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braak%20Base%20Line | Braak Base Line | The Braak Base Line was the baseline for the state survey of the Duchy of Holstein, the Danish state, the city of Hamburg and the Kingdom of Hanover (Gaussian state survey). Its length was measured in 1820/21 by Heinrich Christian Schumacher between the two trigonometric points near Braak in the district of today's Brunsbek in the district of Langelohe and Ahrensburg. After the reduction by Christian August Friedrich Peters in 1853, the length was determined to be 3,014.45115 toises (5,875.2747 meters).
Position
For the Danish survey, a route in a flat area was chosen:
Today, the North Base point is located at the transition between the Ahrensburg site "Brauner Hirsch" and the Stellmoorer Tunneltal on private property, 51.2 meters above sea level.
The South Base point is located between the villages of Braak and Langelohe on a field at 68.0 meters above sea level.
Observing the points from the Michaeliskirche in Hamburg and the Friedenskirche in Siek, which later burned down, resulted in the first major side of the triangle for the Danish and Hanoverian triangulation.
The points are still preserved but difficult to reach. The formerly open plain between the base points is now developed with the village of Braak, the federal highway 1, the industrial area of Stapelfeld/Braak and the residential area at the southern end of Ahrensburg.
Cooperation
Heinrich Christian Schumacher had a good relationship with the Danish King Friedrich VI., which enabled him to set up the observatory in Altona near Hamburg, which was then in Denmark. His teacher in Gottingen was Carl Friedrich Gauss . So Schumacher initiated the Danish king's request to the Hanoverians to let Gauss participate in the measurement of the baseline. Both were on location from 12. September to 25. October 1820 to combine the surveys of both kingdoms across the Elbe river. Gauss was thus able to forego his own length measurement.
Schumacher and Gauss were also in close contact with Johann Georg Repsold . Schumacher used a base measuring device of his friend Repsold to measure the base. Repsold also made important contributions to the determination of the Altona meridian and the meridian circle of the Gottingen Observatory (distance 7.5 toises or 14.618 meters) in the form of his excellent instruments and improvements to existing instruments. |
997812 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Long%20Breakup | The Long Breakup | The Long Breakup is a documentary film from the year 2020. The Film is about the relationship between Ukraine and Russia. Katya Soldak directed the film. She is a Ukrainian journalist and filmmaker, living in New York.
short summary
Katya Soldak, a Ukrainian journalist working for Forbes magazine in New York City, tells the story of Ukraine's history. The film talks about Ukraine's relationship with Russia, especially after the Soviet Union ended. It includes interviews with regular people, politicians, and experts who share their opinions and experiences. The movie uses personal stories and analysis of historical and political issues to explain the struggles and difficulties that Ukraine and its people face. "The Long Breakup" provides a look at the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine.
praise
As stated on the Ante Media movie website:
Best Of Fest, 41 Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Film Festival, 2022
Winner, Docs Without Borders Film Festival, 2020
Official Selection, NewFilmmakers NY, 2021
Response
John Rash, who writes for StarTribune, says the movie explains the fighting in Ukraine and how Ukraine's history is influenced by Russia.
Arte, a public service channel in Europe, reports that journalist Katya Soldak talks about Ukraine's attempts to be free from Russia, its strong neighbor. |
65193 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical%20Storm%20Jose%20%282005%29 | Tropical Storm Jose (2005) | Tropical Storm Jose was a tropical storm that lived for a very short time from August 22 to 23. Jose was the tenth named storm of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season which made landfall in eastern Mexico.
Tropical Storm Jose formed off the coast of Mexico in the western Gulf of Mexico on August 22 and made landfall on eastern Mexico the next day while at its strongest point with 60 mph (95 km/h) winds. Jose then quickly dissipated while inland and caused heavy rain. Jose killed a total of eight people (6 directly and 2 indirectly) who were all killed by landslides and caused $45 million in damage.
Storm history
On August 17 a tropical wave, probably from the same wave from which Tropical Depression Ten had developed from earlier in the month, began to organize in the central Caribbean. Convection steadily increased as it moved to the Yucatan Peninsula. The system then weakened while overland, and by the time when it entered the southweatern Gulf of Mexico on August 21 it hardly had any convection. However early in the morning of August 22 under highly favorable upper-level conditions, convection quickly increased and the system became Tropical Depression Eleven about 110 miles (175 km) east of Veracruz, Mexico. The depression quickly strengthened as it moved to the west, becoming Tropical Storm Jose just six hours later after forming.
The global model guidance originally failed to predict the storms track well, with some models showing that it would somehow stop offshore. Jose continued to strengthen as it moved towards the coast and made landfall in the state of Veracruz early on August 23 with winds at its strongest at 60 mph (90 km/h). As Jose made its landfall an eye was beginning to form, although the storm was still short of hurricane strength. Tropical Storm Jose quickly weakened after landfall and dissipated that afternoon in the mountains of central Mexico only 24 hours after forming.
Preparations
Because Tropical Storm Jose formed so close to shore, there was only a lead time of less than 9 hours on the tropical storm warning given out on September 22 for the Veracruz coastline. The area covered by the warning was also enlarged southwards as Jose intensified, before being cancelled soon after landfall on September 23. The advisories that were given out by the National Hurricane Center stated that rainfall from Jose was the probably the biggest threat.
Impact
Tropical Storm Jose was responsible for damaging crops, highways and homes; flooding many areas in several cities in the state of Veracruz and 80,000 people had to be in shelters. The government of that state estimated the damages caused by the storm to be about $45 million (2005 US dollars). An estimated 120 cities were affected by the rains, but the majority of the damage was limited to eight of them: Martinez de la Torre, Misantla, Nautla, San Rafael, Vega de la Torre, Actopan, Cardel and Ursulo Galvan. Damage to the highway infrastructure was estimated at $33 million (2005 USD).
It was also reported that the storm damaged at least 16 thousand homes and about 250 square kilometres (60 thousand acres) of land used for cattle. In addition, over 420 square kilometres (103 thousand acres) of various crops, including sugar cane, corn and bananas, were flooded. Many boats were also lost as a result of Jose. 90 active medical brigades were sent to the region to reduce the risk of infections to the affected people living in the destroyed area.
In addition, Jose was responsible for killing people six directly. One of these deaths was the result of a landslide that killed a man in Xalapa, Veracruz. The other five deaths were also due to landslides in Oaxaca.
Naming and records
When Tropical Storm Jose formed on August 22, it was the earliest date for the formation of the tenth tropical storm in an Atlantic hurricane season, breaking the previous record held by Tropical Storm Jerry from 1995 by 1 day. This was also the third time the name "Jose" had been used to name a tropical cyclone in the Atlantic. As Tropical Storm Jose create any major damages, its name was not retired by the World Meteorological Organization and will be on the list of names for the 2011 season. |
463414 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacrifice%20%282011%29 | Sacrifice (2011) | Sacrifice (2011) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). It was held on May 15, 2011 at the TNA Impact! Zone in Orlando, Florida. It was the seventh Sacrifice event that TNA held.
There were nine matches on the card. The main event saw Sting defeat Rob Van Dam to retain the TNA World Heavyweight Championship. |
465583 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britt%20G.%20Hallqvist | Britt G. Hallqvist | Britt Gerda Hallqvist, born Nyman 14 February 1914 in Umea, Sweden, dead 20 March 1997 in Lund, Sweden was a Swedish hymnwriter, poet and translator. Her grandfather was medical professor Salomon Eberhard Henschen and she was also the cousin of neurology professor David H. Ingvar and his sister Cilla Ingvar. |
735700 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed%20exchange%20rate%20system | Fixed exchange rate system | In a fixed exchange rate, a state authority defines an exchange rate of its own currency, against another currency, a basket of currencies, or some good, such as gold. The central bank of the country will then guarantee this exchange rate; it will buy or sell its currency at this rate. |
168798 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uma%20Thurman | Uma Thurman | Uma Karuna Thurman (born April 29, 1970 in Boston, Massachusetts) is an American movie actress. She is famous for her role in many movies. These include Quentin Tarantino's "Pulp Fiction" and "Kill Bill" Volume 1 and 2.
Family
Thurman's mother, Nena von Schlebrugge, is a psychiatrist and former model. Her father, Robert Thurman, was a Professor of Buddhism.
Her father is of German, English, Irish and Scottish descent. Her mother is of Swedish, Danish and German descent. Before her parents' marriage, her mother was married to Timothy Leary. One of her three brothers is Ganden Thurman, a Hollywood yoga guide.
Thurman has three children. She has a daughter, actress Maya, and son from her second husband, Ethan Hawke and a daughter from her partner, Swiss businessman Arpad Busson. |
723023 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pehlwani | Pehlwani | Pehlwani is a form of wrestling from the Indian subcontinent. It was developed in the Mughal Empire by combining native malla-yuddha with influences from Persian varzesh-e bastani. The words pehlwani and kushti derive from the Persian terms pahlavani and kosht respectively. It is likely that the word derives from the Iranian word "Pehalavi" denoting to people of Iranian descent. |
262615 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious | Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious | Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious () is an English word, with 34 letters, that was a song with the same title in the Disney musical movie Mary Poppins. The song was written by the Sherman Brothers, and sung by Julie Andrews and Dick Van Dyke. It also appears in the stage show version of Mary Poppins.
The writers of the Oxford English Dictionary think that the word "supercalifragilisticexpialidocious" was first used in the 1940s. The word is a compound word, and said by Richard Lederer in his book Crazy English to be made up of these words: super- "above", cali- "beauty", fragilistic- "delicate", expiali- "to atone", and -docious "educable", with all of these parts combined meaning "Atoning for educability through delicate beauty." According to the movie, in which the word became widely used, the word is "something to say when you have nothing to say". However, a lot of people think the word means "extraordinarily good" or "wonderful" because all mentions of the word in the movie can be thought of as good. |
69778 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/House%20of%20Commons%20of%20Canada | House of Commons of Canada | The House of Commons (French: Chambre des communes) is the lower house of the Parliament of Canada. The House of Commons is an elected body, of 338 members, who are known as Members of Parliament (MPs). Members are elected for a maximum of four years at a time. Each member is elected by one of the country's federal electoral districts which are usually called ridings.
The House of Commons was established in 1867, when the British North America Act 1867 created the Dominion of Canada, and was modelled on the British House of Commons. The House of Commons is sometimes called the "lower house", even though it has more power than the "upper house", the Senate. Both Houses is must agree to new laws but the Senate very rarely rejects bills passed by the Commons (though the Senate does occasionally amend bills). The Government of Canada is responsible only to the House of Commons. The Prime Minister stays in office only as long as he or she has the support of the Lower House.
The Canadian House of Commons is in the Centre Block of the Parliament Buildings on Parliament Hill, in Ottawa, Ontario.
Unlike the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the powers of the Parliament of Canada are limited, because provincial legislatures have the sole right to pass laws about some things.
Until 1982 only the Parliament of the United Kingdom had the power to change the British North America Act, this was to protect the rights and powers of the provincial legislatures. This was changed by the Canada Act. In Canada the British North America Act is now called the Constitution Act.
A lot of the work of the House of Commons is done by committees which can spend more time investigating a subject than the whole House of Commons could
Seat distribution
The table below shows how many seats each political party has in the Parliament. Many of the MPs were elected in the 2019 election. |
118612 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beerse | Beerse | Beerse is a municipality in the Belgian province of Antwerp.
In 2007, 16600 people lived there.
It is at 51deg 19 North, 04deg 51 East. |
574201 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal%20Rumble%20%282017%29 | Royal Rumble (2017) | Royal Rumble (2017) was a wrestling Pay-per-view made by WWE. It happened on January 29, 2017. It was performed at the Alamodome in San Antonio, Texas. It was the thirtieth time a Royal Rumble was held, the second to be held at the Alamodome and the fourth to be held in Texas.
Eight matches were performed at the event. The most important match was the Royal Rumble match. Randy Orton won it by last eliminating Roman Reigns for a world championship match at WrestleMania 33. Tye Dillinger also wrestled in WWE for the first time in the Royal Rumble. John Cena beat WWE Champion AJ Styles in another important match that was for the title. That was the thirteenth time John won the title (which is a record) and the sixteenth time he won a world championship. That meant he tied Ric Flair's record.
Results
On the pre-show, Becky Lynch, Nikki Bella and Naomi beat Alexa Bliss, Mickie James and Natalya in a six-women tag team match.
On the pre-show, Luke Gallows and Karl Anderson beat Cesaro and Sheamus (champions) in a tag team match with two referres for the WWE Raw Tag Team Championship.
On the pre-show, Nia Jax beat Sasha Banks.
Charlotte Flair (champion) beat Bayley for the WWE Raw Women's Championship.
Kevin Ownes (champion) beat Roman Reigns in a No Disqualification match for the WWE Universal Championship where Chris Jericho was in a cage held above the ring.
Neville beat Rich Swann for the WWE Cruiserweight Championship.
John Cena beat AJ Styles for the WWE Championship
Randy Orton won the Royal Rumble by last eliminating Roman Reigns for a world championship match at WrestleMania 33. |
552188 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poplar | Poplar | Poplar may refer to:
Trees
Populus, a genus of tree
Places
United Kingdom
Poplar, London
Poplar DLR station
United States
Poplar Bluff, Missouri
Poplar Forest, the retreat home of Thomas Jefferson, third president of the United States
Poplar Hills, Kentucky |
856729 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanford%2C%20North%20Carolina | Sanford, North Carolina | Sanford is a city in and the county seat of Lee County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2010 census, 28,094 people live in Sanford. |
Subsets and Splits