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দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

Arief Priyo Susanto, spokesman of the General Elections Commission (KPU), said 1,878 other staff had fallen ill. Some seven million people were helping count and monitor the 17 April vote. Staff were expected to work through the night in sweltering conditions, which took a hefty physical toll on many. The elections were the first time the country of 260 million people combined the presidential vote with national and regional parliamentary ballots, in order to save money. Around 80% of the 193 million eligible voters cast their votes in more than 800,000 polling stations. But the huge numbers have apparently taken their toll on temporary election staff, who unlike civil servants, do not undergo a medical examination before starting work. The KPU spokesman said 272 election workers had died from overwork-related illnesses. Indonesia's election commission plans to compensate surviving families 36 million rupiah (£1,930; $2,500) for every deceased worker - roughly equivalent to one year's pay at minimum wage, according to the Nikkei Asian Review. Critics say the government was not prudent for combining the elections and creating unrealistic expectations of temporary staff. Both President Joko Widodo and opposition presidential candidate Prabowo Subianto have declared victory, though quick counts suggested Mr Widodo won the election by around 9-10 percentage points. The KPU will finish vote counting and announce winners of the presidential and parliamentary elections on 22 May.

ইন্দোনেশিয়ায় কর্মকর্তারা বলছেন, দেশটির নির্বাচনে লাখ লাখ ভোট হাতে গুণতে গিয়ে তাদের ২৭০ জনেরও বেশি কর্মী মারা গেছে।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

By James GallagherHealth and science correspondent The cases in London and north west England are contacts of people who travelled to South Africa, where the variant was discovered. Travel restrictions with South Africa have been imposed. Anyone who has travelled there in the past fortnight, and anyone they have been in contact with, are being told to quarantine immediately. The variant has been causing mounting concern in South Africa, where health minister Zweli Mkhize warned that "young, previously healthy people are now becoming very sick". He said the country "cannot go through what we went through in the early days of the Aids pandemic". Scientists in South Africa say the variant has "spread rapidly" and became the dominant form of the virus in parts of the country. The variant is still being analysed, but the data are consistent with it spreading more quickly. It was detected for the first time in the UK on Tuesday. 'Explosive outbreaks' This variant shares some similarities to the one that has already been detected in the UK, although they have evolved separately. Both have a mutation - called N501Y - which is in a crucial part of the virus that it uses to infect the body's cells. Prof Neil Ferguson, from Imperial College London, said: "I think the greatest concern of ours at the moment is the South African one. "There's certainly anecdotal reports of explosive outbreaks for that virus and very steep increases in case numbers." At the Downing Street press briefing, Mr Hancock said the new variant was "highly concerning" and that anyone told to quarantine must avoid "all contact with any other person whatsoever". At the same briefing, he announced millions more people were being moved to Tier 4 on Boxing Day in an effort to control the virus. Dr Susan Hopkins, from Public Health England (PHE), said "both look like they are more transmissible" but said they were "still learning" about the variant imported from South Africa. She said she was "pretty confident" the quarantine and travel rules would control the spread of the new variant. Prof Lawrence Young, from Warwick Medical School, said: "The standard measures to restrict transmission (hands, face, space) will prevent infection with this variant. "The move to harsher levels of restriction across the country is inevitable. " Follow James on Twitter How is South Africa responding? By Farouk Chothia, BBC News The government tightened restrictions for the festive season, including closing beaches along the famous Garden Route in Western Cape province. It faced resistance from the main opposition party, the Democratic Alliance (DA), and some lobby groups, who challenged the decision in the courts, arguing that the closure of beaches would have a devastating effect on small businesses. But judges upheld the restrictions, saying the government had a duty to protect the health of people. Western Cape premier Alan Winde said hospitals in the province were under "severe strain". The province had more Covid-19 cases this time around than during the first wave. South Africa has so far recorded about 950,000 cases and more than 25,000 deaths - the highest in Africa.

যুক্তরাজ্যের স্বাস্থ্যমন্ত্রী ম্যাট হ্যানকক জানিয়েছেন, দেশটিতে আরো একটি নতুন বৈশিষ্ট্যের করোনাভাইরাস শনাক্ত হয়েছে যাতে দুই জন আক্রান্ত হয়েছেন।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

The victim is said to have shown controversial cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad to his pupils. The attacker was shot dead by police. Mr Macron said the as yet unnamed teacher was murdered because he "taught freedom of expression". "They won't win... We will act," the president said from the scene. The attack occurred at about 17:00 local time (15:00 GMT) near a school. Anti-terror prosecutors are investigating. The knife-wielding attacker was shot as officers tried to arrest him in the aftermath of the attack. Police have not released any personal details about him, although French media report he was an 18-year-old man of Chechen origin who was born in Moscow. A trial is currently under way in Paris over a 2015 Islamist assault on the French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo, which was targeted for publishing the cartoons. Three weeks ago, a man attacked and wounded two people outside the magazine's former offices. What do we know about what happened? A man wielding a large knife attacked the teacher in a street in the town of Conflans-Sainte-Honorine, cutting off his head. A police source said that witnesses had heard the attacker shout "Allahu Akbar", or "God is Greatest", the Reuters news agency reported. The attacker then ran off, but local police alerted by the public were quickly at the scene. The officers confronted the man in the nearby district of Éragny. When they shouted at him to give himself up, he is said to have threatened them. The officers shot him and he died a short time later. The scene is now sealed off, as the investigation continues. Nine people, including a minor, have been arrested, judicial sources have told French media. They reportedly include relatives of the attacker and parents of a child at the school where the teacher worked. In a tweet (in French), police urged members of the public to avoid the area. Who was the victim? According to Le Monde newspaper, the victim, a teacher of history and geography, had been talking in class about freedom of expression in connection with the Muhammad cartoons, which caused uproar among some Muslims when Charlie Hebdo published them. The teacher had reportedly advised Muslim students to leave the room if they thought they might be offended. Earlier this month, some Muslim parents complained to the school about the teacher's decision to use one or more of the cartoons as part of a discussion about the Charlie Hebdo trial, French media report. "According to my son, he was super nice, super friendly, super kind," a parent from the school, Nordine Chaouadi, told the AFP news agency. Reacting to Friday's attack, Charlie Hebdo tweeted: "Intolerance just reached a new threshold and seems to stop at nothing to impose terror in our country." If this motive for the killing is substantiated, it will be deeply shocking to the French, says the BBC's Hugh Schofield in Paris. They will see it as not just a brutal attack, he says, but a brutal attack on a teacher for carrying out his duty to explain. France has seen a wave of Islamist violence since the 2015 attack on Charlie Hebdo that left 12 people dead, including famous cartoonists. How is France reacting? The murder bore the hallmarks of "an Islamist terrorist attack," Mr Macron told reporters at the scene of the attack. "One of our fellow citizens was assassinated today because he was teaching, he was teaching pupils about freedom of expression," he said. In the National Assembly, France's parliament, deputies stood up to honour the teacher killed on Friday and condemn the "atrocious terror attack". Interior Minister Gerald Darmanin, travelling to Morocco, is returning urgently to Paris. Education Minister Jean-Michel Blanquer tweeted that the killing of a teacher was an attack on the French Republic. He said his thoughts were with the victim and his family, and unity and firmness were the only responses to "Islamist terrorism".

ফ্রান্সে এক শিক্ষককে গলা কেটে হত্যা করার একটি ঘটনাকে 'ইসলামি সন্ত্রাসী হামলা' বলে বর্ণনা করেছে দেশটির প্রেসিডেন্ট এমানুয়েল ম্যাক্রঁ।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

France's culture minister Franck Riester said the "most precious treasures" have been saved, including what is said to be the crown of thorns worn by Jesus and the tunic of Saint Louis. The emergency services worked late into Monday night to salvage the art and other priceless pieces stored in the cathedral. The wooden interior has been destroyed. But which other features in the 850-year-old Gothic structure make it stand out in a city of iconic buildings? Rose windows - salvageable The cathedral has three rose windows dating back to the 13th Century, which are among its most famous features. The first, and smallest, on the west facade, was finished in around 1225 and celebrated for the way the glass seemingly upheld the stonework around it. The south rose has a diameter of nearly 13m (43ft) and is made up of 84 panels. However, it no longer retains its original stained glass because it was damaged in previous fires. André Finot, cathedral spokesman, told BFMTV that the rose windows appeared not to have been touched by the fire, although there were still fears for them because of the fragility of the building. And Alixe Bovey, a medieval art historian from the Courtauld Institute of Art in London, told BBC Radio Wales that "much more of [the glass] has survived than looked even remotely possible in the first few hours of the fire". She added that they "look more than salvageable" and "in really remarkable condition considering what they've been exposed to". Bells - fate unclear The cathedral has 10 bells - the largest, known as Emmanuel, weighs more than 23 tonnes and was installed in the south tower in 1685. The cathedral celebrated its 850th anniversary in 2013 by recasting the smaller bells from the north tower. Each was blessed with the name of a saint to replicate the original bells that were melted for cannon balls during the French Revolution. Writer Victor Hugo used the cathedral as a setting for his 1831 work The Hunchback of Notre-Dame. His main character, Quasimodo, is feared by locals for the way he looks - but finds sanctuary in the cathedral and is employed as a bell-ringer. Relics - safe Notre-Dame is home to relics from the Passion of Christ, described as a piece of the cross, a nail and the Holy Crown of Thorns, said to have been worn by Jesus before the crucifixion. Anne Hidalgo, mayor of Paris, tweeted that firefighters, police and others formed a human chain to rescue priceless artefacts, such as the crown and tunic said to have been worn by King Louis IX when he brought the crown of thorns to Paris. Paintings and textiles - some safe, some fate unclear BBC Europe correspondent Kevin Connolly said firefighters reported that some of the large paintings inside the cathedral were too heavy to take down from the walls and save. Some of the art and artefacts were stored overnight in City Hall but they would be moved to the Louvre museum as soon as possible, said French culture minister Franck Riester. Major paintings in the cathedral would be moved to the museum on Friday, after they had been protected, conserved and restored, he said. Mr Riester said they were mostly undamaged but may have suffered some effects from the smoke. Many of the cathedral's important artefacts - including paintings, sculptures and textiles - were held in its many chapels around the nave. These being relatively safe, Ms Bovey told the BBC, is thanks to the cathedral's stone vaults being "more or less sound" after the blaze - something that didn't look likely when it first started. "What can happen in fires like this is that they burn so hot that the stone vaults can fail, and then the fire can fall through into the body of the church and scorch the limestone," she said. But, she said, that doesn't appear to have happened. "I feel pretty optimistic looking at the external fabric that [the artefacts are] more than salvageable". Organ - safe The cathedral has three organs, including the 8,000-pipe Great Organ, first constructed in 1401 and rebuilt in the 18th and 19th Centuries. Despite many restorations and additions over the years, it still contains some pipes first installed in the medieval era. Deputy Mayor Emmanuel Gregoire told French news channel BFMTV that the organ remained intact. Organist Johann Vexo, who was playing a Mass when the fire alarm rang, told BBC Radio 4's Today programme: "It's the most famous instrument in the world. It was absolutely stunning, gorgeous - we don't have any words to describe it, it was a wonderful experience every time. It was such a privilege to work and to play in this wonderful place." Gargoyles and grotesques - fate unclear Anyone feeling fit enough to climb the stairs and gain views across Paris has to pass another of the cathedral's best-known features - the gargoyles and grotesques. These are two types of stone sculptures, often featuring mythical creatures. Unlike grotesques, gargoyles have water spouts to carry rainwater off the building, although several have already been replaced by PVC pipes because Notre-Dame's stonework has corroded. The most famous sculpture - known as the Stryge - sits on top of the building, watching out over the city with its head in its hands. Gothic spire - destroyed Notre-Dame's famous spire, which collapsed during Monday's fire, dates back to the 12th Century. It underwent several changes in the building's history - including being dismantled during the French Revolution, and later rebuilt in the 1860s. Reflecting on its collapse, the Royal Institute of British Architects said: "The loss of the roof and spire of Notre-Dame, and possibly the stone vault too, is an irreplaceable blow to the heritage of French Gothic architecture. "Our heart goes out to the people of France, and to lovers of our shared cultural heritage wherever they are." Two towers - safe Most visitors to Notre-Dame will spend some time standing before two Gothic towers which crown the western facade of the cathedral. Work on the western facade began in 1200, but the first tower - the north one - was not completed until 40 years later. Ten years after that, in 1250, the southern tower was completed. Both towers are 68m high, and climbing the 387 steps gives panoramic views of Paris. Officials said that both bell towers remain intact.

ভয়াবহ একটি আগুনে প্যারিসের নটরডামের ছাদ ধ্বংস হয়ে গেছে এবং ভবনটির পুরো কাঠামোর জন্য ঝুঁকি তৈরি করেছে।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

On Wednesday he gave the French Council of the Muslim Faith (CFCM) 15 days to work with the interior ministry. The CFCM has agreed to create a National Council of Imams, which will reportedly issue imams with official accreditation which could be withdrawn. It follows three suspected Islamist attacks in little more than a month. The charter will state that Islam is a religion and not a political movement, while also prohibiting "foreign interference" in Muslim groups. Mr Macron has strongly defended French secularism in the wake of the attacks, which included the beheading of a teacher who showed cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad during a class discussion last month. Late on Wednesday, the president and his interior minister, Gérald Darmanin, met eight CFCM leaders at the Élysée palace. "Two principles will be inscribed in black and white [in the charter]: the rejection of political Islam and any foreign interference," one source told the Le Parisien newspaper after the meeting. The formation of the National Council of Imams was also agreed upon. President Macron has also announced new measures to tackle what he called "Islamist separatism" in France. The measures include a wide-ranging bill that seeks to prevent radicalisation. It was unveiled on Wednesday, and includes measures such as: "We must save our children from the clutches of the Islamists," Mr Darmanin told the Le Figaro newspaper on Wednesday. The draft law will be discussed by the French cabinet on 9 December. Samuel Paty, the teacher who was killed outside his school last month, was targeted by an online hate campaign before his death on 16 October. Le Monde newspaper has published emails sent between Paty and colleagues in the days after he showed the cartoons in class. "It's really distressing and particularly as it comes from a family whose child wasn't in my lesson and isn't someone I know," Paty wrote. "It's becoming a malicious rumour." He later wrote in a separate email: "I won't do any more teaching on this topic - I'll choose another freedom as a subject for teaching." Earlier this year, President Macron described Islam as a religion "in crisis" and defended the right of magazines to publish cartoons depicting the Prophet Muhammad. Such depictions are widely regarded as taboo in Islam and are considered highly offensive by many Muslims. Following these comments, the French leader became a figure of hate in several Muslim-majority countries. Protesters have also called for a boycott of French products. In France, state secularism (laïcité) is central to the country's national identity. Freedom of expression in schools and other public spaces is part of that, and curbing it to protect the feelings of a particular religion is seen as undermining national unity. France has Western Europe's largest Muslim population. Clarification 23 November: This article has been amended to make clear that identification numbers already exist for many school pupils, but under these plans would be extended to include all children.

ফ্রান্সের 'প্রজাতন্ত্রের মূল্যবোধের সনদ' মেনে নেয়ার জন্য দেশটির মুসলিম নেতাদের সময়সীমা বেঁধে দিয়েছেন প্রেসিডেন্ট ইমানুয়েল ম্যাক্রঁ।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

As Turkey arrests hundreds for social media posts and Russians are threatened with jail for anything considered fake news, there are fears that democracy is being jeopardised in Poland and that it has been swept away in Hungary. BBC correspondents assess whether coronavirus is being used as cover for a power grab. Hungary: 'Suicide' of parliament grants Orban extraordinary powers Hungary's powerful Prime Minister Viktor Orban stands accused at home and abroad of using the coronavirus crisis to grab even more power, instead of uniting the country. First his Fidesz government declared a state of danger on 11 March, winning valuable time to prepare for the pandemic. But it then used its majority in parliament to extend that indefinitely, so the government now has the power to rule by decree for as long as necessary and can decide itself when the danger is over. Critics speak of an end to Hungary's democracy, but the justice minister insists the "Authorisation Act" will expire at the end of the emergency and it was both necessary and proportionate. Is it the end of democracy? Constitutional law expert Prof Zoltan Szente warns the pandemic could easily be used to maintain the government's extraordinary powers. As it is the exclusive power of the government to decide when to end the state of danger, he says parliament has actually "committed suicide" by waiving its right of control over the government. In theory there are still three checks on Viktor Orban's power: But Mr Orban's Fidesz party has a decisive majority in parliament and all by-elections and referendums are postponed until the end of the emergency. The Constitutional Court is already packed with Orban favourites but the one remaining thorn in the prime minister's side is the largely independent judiciary. The ruling party needs to maintain its two-thirds majority in parliament to appoint a new Supreme Court president at the end of 2020. Then Mr Orban's power would be almost unassailable. Turkey: 'Moment of opportunity' for Erdogan Turkey's combative leader, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, does not need to use the coronavirus outbreak to usurp power because he has so much already. That is the view of human rights campaigners here. "There is such a centralised system there's no need to have a further power grab," says Emma Sinclair-Webb, Turkey Director for Human Rights Watch. However, she says there was an opportunistic attempt to "test the water" with proposals to increase control on social media companies. They were "buried deep" in a bill dealing mainly with economic measures to cushion the impact of the virus. The aim, she says, was "to strong-arm social media platforms to submit to government control and censorship". The draft amendments were suddenly dropped but Ms Sinclair-Webb expects them to make a comeback in the future. Turkey's government is determined to control the narrative during the crisis. Hundreds have been arrested for "provocative posts" about Covid-19 on social media. Few doctors have dared to speak out. "Hiding the facts and creating a monopoly of information unfortunately became the way this country is being ruled," says Ali Cerkezoglu of the Turkish Medical Association. "Doctors, nurses and health workers have got used to it in the past 20 years." Lawyer Hurrem Sonmez worries the outbreak is a moment of opportunity for President Erdogan. "Society, and the opposition, are weaker because of the pandemic," says Ms Sonmez, who has represented defendants in free speech cases. "Everyone has the same agenda - the virus. The priority is to survive. There is a serious concern that the situation can be misused by this government." Russia: Pandemic frustrates Putin's ambitions Back in January, the Kremlin thought it had everything worked out. It would rewrite the Russian Constitution, primarily to allow Vladimir Putin to stand for two more terms in office. Then it would hold a triumphant "national vote" on 22 April for Russians to back the changes. The president's critics called it a "constitutional coup", but it seemed a done deal. Covid-19, though, has put everything on hold. President Putin has had to postpone the ballot: after all, how can you call people to come out and vote in the middle of a pandemic? The Kremlin's problem now is that, if and when the ballot does take place, endorsing a new Constitution may well be the last thing on Russian minds. Coronavirus lockdown is set to decimate the economy here, with predictions of a two-year long recession and millions of job losses. Russians tend to blame local officials and bureaucrats, not central authority, for their everyday problems. But history shows that when people here experience acute personal economic pain, they turn their ire on their country's leader. Such pain now seems inevitable. That may explain why the Kremlin leader recently delegated power to regional governors to fight the coronavirus: now they share the responsibility. President Putin's supporters, including state media, will argue that in a national crisis Russia requires strong, stable leadership more than ever - in other words: that the Putin era should be extended. As for Kremlin critics, they have already accused the authorities of using the pandemic to tighten control. A new law rushed through parliament imposes tough punishments on people convicted of spreading what is deemed to be false information about coronavirus: fines equivalent to $25,000 or up to five years in prison. There are concerns about surveillance systems being rolled out to enforce quarantine. Lockdown also means that opposition protests cannot take place: mass gatherings are currently banned to prevent the spread of the virus. Poland: Is government risking lives to keep hold on power? Poland's governing party is being accused of recklessly endangering lives by pushing ahead with May presidential elections during the pandemic. President Andrzej Duda, a government ally, has seen his poll numbers rise during the pandemic and is clear favourite to win. The ruling Law and Justice party argues it is constitutionally obliged to hold the election and a postal-only vote is the safest solution under lockdown. That is its preferred option, but it is also backing a proposal to change the constitution to allow President Duda to serve another two years, as long as he cannot seek re-election. The opposition says a postal vote risks voters, postal workers and election staff. The EU and Poland's own electoral commission have also raised concerns about holding the vote. There is a legal way to wait, the opposition insists, by declaring a state of natural disaster that bans elections whilst extraordinary measures are in force and for 90 days afterwards. The government says declaring extraordinary measures would make it liable for crippling compensation claims. If elections do go ahead in May, they would not be fair, human rights groups say, because candidates have suspended campaigning while the incumbent still enjoys widespread media coverage helping the government and visiting health care workers. If the election were postponed, Poland may well be in the midst of a recession, and Mr Duda's chances of re-election could be substantially diminished. Were an opposition candidate elected, the new president's power of veto could significantly disrupt the government's ability to push through its programme for the next three and a half years. "This is a text book example of how to gain the biggest benefit from the crisis and to remain in power," Malgorzata Szuleka, a lawyer for the Helsinski Foundation for Human Rights in Warsaw told the BBC.

বিশ্বব্যাপী করোনাভাইরাস সংক্রমণের মধ্যে অভিযোগ উঠছে ইউরোপের কিছু নেতা এই স্বাস্থ্য সংকটকে ভিন্নমত দমন এবং নিজেদের ক্ষমতাকে সংহত করার জন্য কাজে লাগাচ্ছেন।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

A man linked to a right-wing group was killed on Saturday, as elsewhere in the city a pro-Trump rally clashed with Black Lives Matter protesters. Mr Trump called participants of the rally "great patriots" and blamed the city's Democratic mayor for the unrest. Mr Biden in turn accused Mr Trump of "rooting for chaos and violence". In a campaign speech in the city of Pittsburgh on Monday, the Democratic candidate said: "Fires are burning and we have a president who fans the flames rather than fighting the flames. But we must not burn. We have to build." Portland has become a flashpoint for demonstrations against police brutality and racism since the police killing of African-American George Floyd in Minneapolis on 25 May triggered a wave of national and international outrage. Media reports say a man who calls himself an anti-fascist is being investigated over Saturday's deadly shooting, while the founder of the right-wing group Patriot Prayer identified the victim as a supporter. Mr Trump on Sunday re-tweeted what appeared to be the dead man's name along with the message "Rest in Peace". Police have not publicly named the suspect or the victim, or specified whether the shooting was directly linked to the clashes. The president is set to visit the city of Kenosha, Wisconsin, on Tuesday amid anger there over the police shooting of black man Jacob Blake. What have Trump and Biden said? Mr Trump has blamed Portland's Democratic Mayor Ted Wheeler for the unrest. "Portland will never recover with a fool for a mayor," he wrote on Twitter on Sunday as he suggested sending federal forces to the city. He also accused Mr Biden of being "unwilling to lead". Mr Trump continued on Monday, describing Portland as "a mess" and repeating calls for "LAW & ORDER." "If this joke of a mayor doesn't clean it up, we will go in and do it for them," he wrote. In another tweet he said "Radical Left Mayors & Governors of Cities where this crazy violence is taking place have lost control of their 'Movement'." "It wasn't supposed to be like this, but the Anarchists & Agitators got carried away and don't listen anymore - even forced Slow Joe out of basement," he added in reference to his Democratic rival. On Sunday Mr Biden said the president "may believe tweeting about law and order makes him strong - but his failure to call on his supporters to stop seeking conflict shows just how weak he is". He continued the argument in his speech in Pittsburgh on Monday, where he said Mr Trump had "fomented" violence in US cities. He called Mr Trump "a bystander in his own presidency" and "an incumbent president who makes things worse not better". "Donald Trump has been a toxic presence on our nation for four years," Mr Biden said. "Poisoning how we talk to one another. Poisoning the way we treat one another. Poisoning the values this nation has always held dear. Poisoning our very democracy. "Will we rid ourselves of this toxin or make it a permanent part of this nation's character?" Mayor Wheeler has also hit back at Mr Trump's criticism, saying the US president had "created the hate and the division". "I'd appreciate it if the president would support us or stay the hell out of the way," he added. Law and order is a major theme of President Trump's bid for re-election, as he seeks to paint the Democrats and their candidate as soft on crime. The Democrats accuse Mr Trump of trying to stoke tensions for political gain. What happened on Saturday? Unrest broke out in Portland on Saturday night as a caravan of hundreds of Trump supporters clashed with Black Lives Matter protesters. Portland police said they "heard sounds of gunfire" and "located a victim with a gunshot wound to the chest." Right-wing group Patriot Prayer identified the victim as Aaron "Jay" Danielson, adding that he was "a good friend and a supporter". The group has held pro-Trump rallies in Portland and other US cities since 2016, according to the Associated Press news agency. Mr Trump also shared a tweet naming the victim as Jay Bishop - another name said to have been used by the same man - along with the message "Rest in peace Jay!" Oregon Live reported that "camouflage gear" with "thin blue line patches" was seen next to the body - a common sign of support for the police. Local media reports said a self-described anti-fascist is under investigation for the shooting. Ten people were arrested over the clashes on Saturday.

অরেগনে পোর্টল্যান্ডের সহিংসতা নিয়ে পরস্পর বাকযুদ্ধে জড়িয়েছেন যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের প্রেসিডেন্ট ডোনাল্ড ট্রাম্প এবং তার ডেমোক্রেটিক প্রতিদ্বন্দ্বী জো বাইবেন।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

By Toby LuckhurstBBC News Two British divers found all 13 safe in a cavern in the Tham Luang cave system in the northern Chiang Rai province. But the issue now is to get them all out of the cave with rising waters and mud hindering access and the trapped group's health a major concern. The army says the group might have to wait in the cave for up to four months for floods to recede. So what are the options to free the youngsters and their coach? Diving "The option to bring them out by diving is the quickest but it's also the most dangerous," Anmar Mirza, national co-ordinator of the US Cave Rescue Commission, told the BBC. Thai navy divers, three top British cave divers and US military personnel all attempted to find the boys. In total, more than 1,000 people have been involved in the operation, including teams from China, Myanmar, Laos and Australia. These skilled professional divers still needed several hours to get to the trapped group from the entrance, through tiny, debris-strewn passages and aided by round-the-clock water pumping efforts to try to clear the flood waters. And these boys are not trained divers. Edd Sorenson, regional co-ordinator in Florida for the International Underwater Cave Rescue and Recovery Organisation, told the BBC the diving option is "extremely dangerous and hazardous", saying he would consider it "an absolute last resort". "Having somebody in zero visibility that's not familiar with... that kind of extreme conditions, it's real easy and very likely that they would panic, and either kill themselves and/ or the rescuers." Drilling Authorities have tried to drill holes in the cave walls to help drain some of the flood water - although the thick rock has hampered efforts. There have also been suggestions that drilling could be another way to get to the boys, and to help them out. But to even begin the process, new roads would need to be built up above the caves to accommodate the heavy drilling equipment needed to break through the rock. On top of that, Mr Mirza explains you would need to have conducted a survey of the caves and to know them back to front before you could start drilling - otherwise there would be little chance of digging a hole in the correct place for the boys and their coach. "It sounds easy but it's actually very difficult," he says. "It's a needle in a haystack problem." Resupply? In a press conference, Chiang Rai governor Narongsak Osottanakorn said they would continue to drain water out of the cave while sending doctors and nurses in to check the health of the boys and their coach. "If the doctors say their physical condition is strong enough to be moved, they will take them out from the cave," he said. But Mr Mirza says their health is a serious concern. "After nine days without food, you have to watch their food intake," he says. People deprived of food can suffer ill-health effects if not properly reintroduced to food - sometimes as severe as heart failure or comas. Mr Mirza says if the group are on high ground, safe from flooding, and can be resupplied there that might be a good option for now. Their ill-health "significantly compromises the rescue effort," he says. Mr Sorenson agrees. "I think they would be better off bringing in food, water, filtration systems, oxygen if the air space needs it and requires it", he says. "They have lights and hope now, so I think waiting it out, as long as they can get supplies in there to make them comfortable and warm and fed and hydrated." Further reading:

থাইল্যান্ডের একটি পাহাড়ের গুহার ভেতরে ১৭দিন ধরে আটকা পড়ে থাকার পর ১২ জন কিশোর ফুটবলার এবং তাদের কোচকে উদ্ধার করা হয়েছে।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

He immediately took steps to undo several Trump-era policies with executive actions - including halting funding for the border wall and reversing the travel ban on majority Muslim countries. We asked Republicans on our voter panel how they feel that fits with the president's call for unity. Udayan is an engineer and conservative voter who thinks Donald Trump was the best American president ever. How did you feel about President Biden's first day? It was just like any other first day of an administration. It would have been much more fun if Trump was in the White House, but I wasn't upset. I take the view that both Trump and Biden are servants of the people - not crowned heads of state - and they do not hold any power over me. Therefore we move on with Biden as president as we moved on with Trump as president. What was your reaction to the president's executive orders? The mask mandate is utterly useless and merely forces people who work in federal facilities to wear a mask. Cancelling the Keystone XL pipeline is a bad idea, but it was foreseeable. The repeal of the travel ban was to be expected. I do not support a pathway to citizenship for 11 million illegal immigrants; that is an invitation to break into the country. All these executive orders are nothing unusual. It's one of the easiest ways to start making an impact when you are not sure of your position in the legislature. Has Biden shown he can unify the nation? I personally do not think so. The ideology he stands for is a bit too radical and I do not believe it's going to unify the country. I do not have very high expectations for this presidency. The US federal government should not be a "nanny" state. It's not there to love you. Donald Trump was a strong and ardent constitutionalist, and therefore one of the best presidents. He was not in the business of offering a helping hand in tough times because you're supposed to tough it out. Gabrielle is a Republican college student in Washington DC who refused to vote for Donald Trump. She wants to see both parties work together. How was the president's first day? It was painfully normal and kind of refreshing. It was definitely cool to see Mike Pence go to the inauguration. And it was a big deal - two weeks after the Capitol was attacked - to see the peaceful transition of power. Obviously I would love to have a Republican in control, but Biden's win is an opportunity for the Republican Party to look at itself in the mirror. What about the those executive orders? I don't think he did anything crazily drastic yesterday. I'm not opposed to the Paris climate agreement, but it's just a piece of paper; it fails to hold leading polluters, China and India, accountable. I have mixed feelings about suspending the Keystone XL pipeline. If we can get to a point where masks are no longer politicised, then a mask mandate is great, but it doesn't really do anything that has not already happened. A lot of the executive orders were just about symbolism. Can Biden unify the nation? I think there's potential for bipartisan agreements but one president cannot fix all the internal division that has been metastasising for about a decade. Unity is more about actions than words. After the Trump administration, a lot of people feel like they are not going to be heard anymore and that's something both parties need to address. The Republican Party needs to ask itself how it can show it is the party for blue-collar workers, Middle America and small business. The Democratic Party needs to ask how it has lost those groups and why so many people don't trust them. Rom is a Marine Corps veteran and Trump supporter who does not want to see his party go back to the way it was before Trump. How was Biden's first day? The one thing that stood out in my mind that he said was, "we have to come together and be unified". This is true, but how do you do it? I didn't see or hear him say anything that's going to unify us from the standpoint of a leader. From my perspective, he's pushing an agenda that does not reflect all Americans. What about those executive orders? I don't understand how giving a path to citizenship for 11 million illegals in the country is going to unify us. It's allowing people who have broken our laws to stay here and become citizens when they got here illegally. The problem with the Paris climate accord is that it doesn't hold China and India accountable. The WHO is a worthy organisation in general, but it had a major failure with regard to the pandemic, yet we are re-joining it willy-nilly without addressing the problems associated with it. Can Biden's unify the nation? Based on the past 24 hours, not at all. I think it's going to be a third Obama administration. If you're on the right, you feel like you have no voice anymore. The biggest thing President Biden could have said was it's not okay for "Big Tech" to shut down voices on the right because freedom of speech is one of this country's most cherished values. That one comment alone could have made people sit up and listen. I'm not one of those fringe people that say he's not my president or he was elected fraudulently. Democrats have the White House and both houses of Congress, and they've got two years to prove themselves. I'm going to sit back and see where the chips may fall. Eliana is a professional dancer and a big Trump supporter who is taking a step back from politics after his election defeat. How was Biden's first day? I was accepting of it. This is our new president, I'm excited for him and I hope he does a good job. I have completely lost all faith in the legitimacy of our elections - but once the Supreme Court pushed away all the cases, around the end of December, I thought it's more about coming together and doing what's best for all of us, rather than continuing to fight. After the Capitol, it made me more disheartened because politics is a show, it's like a theatre. What about those executive orders? If you want an honest answer, some of them are terrifying. It's the left's platform, but it is not a liberal platform. He's doing nothing to mend the gap between us. It's all so disappointing and terrifying. I feel like we're about to watch a huge economic collapse. Can Biden unify the nation? Not at all. If he hasn't unified the country in the 47 years he has been in politics, how in the world would he unify us now? Personally, I'm taking a step back when it comes to the national level of politics and keeping it local. I felt so isolated from friends I've had for years when they found out I was a Trump supporter. So I'm looking forward to bridging those gaps, but it's sad because politics should never get in the way of friendships. Reporting by Sam Cabral.

প্রেসিডেন্ট পদে জো বাইডেনের প্রথম ১০০দিনে তার অর্জনের ঝুলি অর্ধেক ভর্তি হয়েছে এবং অর্ধেক খালি রয়েছে।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

By Reality Check team & BBC MonitoringBBC News The naval vessels - two artillery ships and a tug boat - were bound for the Ukrainian port of Mariupol in the Sea of Azov. This required them to pass through the Kerch Strait, a narrow strip of water being blocked by a Russian cargo ship. Both sides are blaming each other and there has been a flurry of claims and counter-claims. Growing tensions Ukraine has criticised the Russian authorities, which this year started imposing checks on ships travelling to and from Ukrainian ports in the Sea of Azov. Under a 2003 treaty, Russia has the right to inspect any vessel sailing to or from the Sea of Azov. Ukraine has accused Russia of abusing that right. Ukraine has also opposed a Russian-constructed bridge that crosses the Kerch strait and connects Russia and Crimea. Neither Ukraine nor the European Union nor the United States recognise Russia's 2014 annexation of Crimea. Kremlin-backed forces seized control of the Crimean peninsula and the territory voted to join Russia in a referendum that Ukraine and the international community deem illegal. Russia's claims Russia says it had temporarily closed the area for shipping and that the Ukrainian vessels entered its territory illegally carrying out "provocative actions". The Kremlin's spokesman, Dmitry Peskov, says: "Foreign military ships entered Russia's territorial waters without responding to any requests made by our border guards. Therefore, all actions were taken in strict compliance with the law." Russia also says the Ukrainian vessels had not submitted the correct transit applications to "ensure safe navigation". The Russian Federal Security Service (FSB) accused Ukraine of violating Article 19 and Article 21 of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, which "outline the right of a coastal state to provide maritime security". Ukraine's claims Ukraine says Russia violated international law because the Black Sea is free for all shipping. It cites the fact Ukrainian vessels have free access to the Sea of Azov and Kerch Strait under the 2003 treaty with Russia that effectively makes these waters shared territory. "Therefore, with its actions, the Russian Federation has confirmed that bilateral agreements on the Kerch Strait and the Sea of Azov are null and void. We understand that Russia has never had any intention to follow them," said Ukrainian Foreign Minister Pavlo Klimkin on the 112 Ukrayina TV news channel. Two Ukrainian ships were escorted without incident by Russian tugs under the bridge several weeks ago. Ukraine says it also warned Russia of its plan to move the ships to Mariupol through the Kerch Strait. It maintains that Russia rammed one of its boats in an "act of armed aggression". Mr Klimkin told journalists Russia's actions constituted a violation of "the freedom of maritime traffic" and of Articles 38 and 44 of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, which "clearly and strongly bans the obstruction of peaceful transit across the Kerch Strait". Whose territory? In saying that the Ukrainian ships were seized in its territorial waters, Russia is arguing that the vessels were in Russian "territorial sea", which extends up to 12 nautical miles from a country's coastline. Ukraine considers Crimea as its own and could therefore argue that travelling in waters off the coast of Crimea is effectively moving through Ukrainian territorial waters. Under the 2003 agreement between Russia and Ukraine, regardless of the status of Crimea itself, Ukraine argues, it has "freedom of navigation" in the Sea of Azov as well as access to it through the Kerch Strait. The law of the sea The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) sets out various scenarios that give a state freedom of passage, irrespective of a state's territorial waters. All ships, including foreign warships, enjoy the right of "innocent passage" within another state's territorial sea under international law. Russia has disputed whether the passage was innocent. The UN law states that a passage is innocent "so long as it is not prejudicial to the peace, good order or security of the coastal state". That includes threat or use of force, exercise or practice with weapons or any act of propaganda affecting the security of the state. Russia would need to prove that the passage of the Ukrainian vessels was not innocent and that Ukraine had showed "some form of hostile intent", says Mr Muller, to act against them. According to the Russian FSB's account, Ukrainian vessels entered "combat readiness" in contravention of the innocent passage rules. A country does not need to ask for permission before exercising that right but can be asked to follow certain rules once doing so. This may include measures to protect security interests, says Dr Wim Muller, an international law expert at Chatham House. Russia has pointed to a section of this UN convention that requires a warship to leave its territorial waters if it fails to comply with the laws of that country. Under international law, a country would have the right to seize another warship only if the warship was acting in a hostile manner, says Valentin Schatz, a research associate in public international law at Germany's University of Hamburg. Ukraine has also highlighted provisions (Article 38 and Article 44) of the convention, which require all ships to be given the freedom to travel through a strait from one part of the high seas to another - known as transit passage. There are also rules within the UN convention that "ensure that ports which can only be reached by a single route through the strait, as is true of all ports in the Sea of Azov, always remain accessible", says Andrew Serdy, director of the Institute of Maritime Law at Southampton University. Want to know more? Tensions spark Ukraine martial law talks Crimea history and politics Eastern Ukraine: A new, bloody chapter Five soldiers killed in Ukraine clashes Putin reveals secret Crimea plot Read more from Reality Check Send us your questions Follow us on Twitter

আন্তর্জাতিক জলসীমা লঙ্ঘনের অভিযোগে রাশিয়া ইউক্রেনের নৌবাহিনীর তিনটি জাহাজ আটকের পর দু'দেশের মধ্যে এখন তীব্র উত্তেজনা বিরাজ করছে।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

There are reports of armed groups planning to gather at all 50 state capitols and in Washington DC in the run-up to his 20 January inauguration. Security will be tight for the event after a pro-Trump mob stormed Congress. House Democrats say a vote to impeach the president will happen on Wednesday. They accuse President Trump of "incitement of insurrection" and say the vote will be held unless Vice-President Mike Pence invokes constitutional powers to remove Mr Trump from office. There is no sign Mr Pence is prepared to do so. Mr Biden and Vice-President-elect Kamala Harris are expected to be sworn in at a ceremony at the Capitol. The Biden team had already urged Americans to avoid travelling to the capital because of the Covid-19 pandemic, a call that is now being repeated by local authorities. Security officials have said there will be no repeat of the breach seen on 6 January, when thousands of pro-Trump supporters were able to break into the building where members of Congress were voting to certify the election result. Five people died in the riot, which happened after Mr Trump repeated unsubstantiated claims of fraud in the November vote and encouraged his supporters to march on the Capitol. Since then, calls for Mr Trump's resignation, removal from office or impeachment have grown among Democrats and some Republicans. Mr Trump has made no public statements since he was banned from several social media platforms - including Twitter - on Friday. He became the third US president to be impeached in December 2019 over charges of breaking the law by asking Ukraine to investigate his rival in the presidential election. The Senate cleared him. Key dates to watch What further protests are planned? Posts on pro-Trump and far-right online networks have called for protests on a number of dates, including armed demonstrations in cities across the country on 17 January and a march in Washington DC on inauguration day itself. An internal FBI bulletin, reported by ABC News and other outlets, carries a warning that one group is calling for the "storming" of state, local and federal courthouses around the country if Mr Trump is removed from office early and on inauguration day if he is not. Although the violence at the US Capitol dominated headlines last week, similar smaller incidents were also reported elsewhere in the country. Local police agencies have been told by federal law enforcement to increase security at statehouses, according to US media. FBI warnings are in place for all state capitals from 16 to 20 January itself and in Washington DC at least three days before the inauguration. Companies and social media networks are cracking down against users and websites seen to be encouraging violence, including social network Parler, which said it was suing Amazon for removing it from its web hosting service. Twitter said it had suspended more than 70,000 accounts that promoted the Q-Anon conspiracy theory while Facebook said it was banning any content that refers to Stop the Steal, a slogan associated with Mr Trump's claim the election was rigged. In other developments: What security is planned for the inauguration? On Monday President Trump declared a state of emergency for Washington DC until 24 January, which enables the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to act to "avert the threat of a catastrophe". Chad Wolf, acting head of the DHS, said he had instructed the US Secret Service to begin operations for the inauguration on Wednesday - six days early - "in light of events of the past week and the evolving security landscape". Later on Monday, Mr Wolf became the third Trump cabinet secretary to step down since the riots, after Betsy DeVos and Elaine Chao. He said his departure had been prompted by "recent events", including court rulings challenging the legal validity of his appointment. More than 10,000 National Guard troops will be in the capital by the weekend, with about 5,000 more available if requested, Chief of the National Guard Bureau General Daniel Hokanson said. For Mr Trump's inauguration in 2017, about 8,000 National Guard troops were deployed. Meanwhile, Washington Mayor Muriel Bowser called for more security after what she described as an "unprecedented terrorist attack" at the US Capitol last week. The National Park Service announced that it has closed the Washington Monument to visitors amid "credible threats" of violence, adding it could also temporarily close areas of the National Mall and Memorial Parks. Speaking as he got his second Covid-19 vaccine on Monday, Mr Biden said he was "not afraid" to take his oath of office outside despite security fears. After being sworn in as president, Mr Biden is expected to take part in a wreath-laying ceremony alongside former presidents Barack Obama, George W Bush and Bill Clinton to help underscore his message of unity. Donald Trump has said he will not attend the inauguration - becoming the first president in more than 150 years to refuse to do so.

জো বাইডেন পরবর্তী প্রেসিডেন্ট হিসেবে শপথ নেবার আগে ট্রাম্প সমর্থক ও উগ্র-দক্ষিণপন্থী গোষ্ঠীগুলো পুরো যুক্তরাষ্ট্র জুড়ে 'সশস্ত্র বিক্ষোভ' করতে পারে বলে সতর্ক করেছে তদন্ত সংস্থা এফবিআই।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

The 35-year-old woman has filed an affidavit alleging two instances of misconduct in October last year, shortly after Mr Gogoi was appointed. She says her family was victimised after she refused the advances. A statement said Mr Gogoi, 64, "totally denied" the "false and scurrilous" accusations. He has labelled them an attempt to "destabilise the judiciary". What does the woman allege? The allegations were filed in a sworn affidavit that has been sent to Supreme Court judges. In it the married woman, who cannot be named under Indian law, alleges the misconduct occurred on 10 and 11 October at the offices in Mr Gogoi's residence. She alleges Mr Gogoi "hugged me around the waist, and touched me all over my body with his arms" and pressed his body against her. When he did not stop, she says she "was forced to push him away from me with my hands". The woman says Mr Gogoi then told her not to mention what had happened or her family "would be greatly disturbed". The woman alleges she was transferred three times, then fired in December. She says her husband and brother were both suspended from their jobs. In March a resident of the city of Jhajjar filed a complaint alleging she had kept money she had taken as a bribe to get him a job at the court. She denies the accusation and says she attended a police station with family members in March where they were subjected to abusive treatment. "It now seems like the harassment, victimisation, and torture will not stop unless I speak out about the origin and motive for the harassment," she alleges in the affidavit. What has Mr Gogoi said? The first response came in a statement from the secretary general of the Supreme Court on the chief justice's behalf. It says the allegations are "completely and absolutely false and scurrilous and are totally denied". It says the woman "had no occasion to interact directly with the chief justice". The statement refers to the criminal case of bribery lodged against the woman, saying: "It appears that these false allegations are being made as a pressure tactic to somehow come out of the various proceedings which have been initiated in law." It says the employee was dismissed "as per procedure" after an incident of "inappropriate conduct". Mr Gogoi himself addressed the issue in front of a special bench of the Supreme Court on Saturday. "I don't want to stoop so low as to answer these charges," he said. "All employees of the Supreme Court are treated respectfully by me." He added: "There are forces that are trying to destabilise the judiciary. There are bigger forces behind these allegations hurled at me." Read Geeta Pandey on India women's issues

ভারতের প্রধান বিচারপতি রঞ্জন গোগৈ'র বিরুদ্ধে সে দেশের সুপ্রিম কোর্টের একজন সাবেক কর্মকর্তা যৌন নিপীড়নের অভিযোগ করেছেন।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

By Pallab GhoshScience correspondent, BBC News Prof Hawking said the action could put Earth onto a path that turns it into a hothouse planet like Venus. He also feared aggression was "inbuilt" in humans and that our best hope of survival was to live on other planets. The Cambridge professor spoke exclusively to BBC News to coincide with his 75th birthday celebrations. Arguably the world's most famous scientist, Prof Hawking has had motor neurone disease for most of his adult life. It has impaired his movement and ability to speak. Yet through it all, he emerged as one of the greatest minds of our time. His theories on black holes and the origin of the Universe have transformed our understanding of the cosmos. Prof Hawking has also inspired generations to study science. But through his media appearances what has been most impressive of all has been his humanity. 'Great danger' His main concern during his latest interview was the future of our species. A particular worry was President Trump's decision to withdraw from the Paris climate agreement to reduce CO2 levels. What is climate change? What is in the Paris climate agreement? "We are close to the tipping point where global warming becomes irreversible. Trump's action could push the Earth over the brink, to become like Venus, with a temperature of two hundred and fifty degrees, and raining sulphuric acid," he told BBC News. "Climate change is one of the great dangers we face, and it's one we can prevent if we act now. By denying the evidence for climate change, and pulling out of the Paris Climate Agreement, Donald Trump will cause avoidable environmental damage to our beautiful planet, endangering the natural world, for us and our children." The UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) also highlights the potential risk of hitting climate tipping points as temperatures increase - though there are gaps in our knowledge of this topic. In its Fifth Assessment Report, the IPCC authors wrote: "The precise levels of climate change sufficient to trigger tipping points (thresholds for abrupt and irreversible change) remain uncertain, but the risk associated with crossing multiple tipping points in the Earth system or in interlinked human and natural systems increases with rising temperature." When asked whether he felt we would ever solve our environmental problems and resolve human conflicts, Prof Hawking was pessimistic, saying that he thought our days on Earth were numbered. "I fear evolution has inbuilt greed and aggression to the human genome. There is no sign of conflict lessening, and the development of militarised technology and weapons of mass destruction could make that disastrous. The best hope for the survival of the human race might be independent colonies in space." And on Brexit, he feared UK research would be irreparably damaged. "Science is a cooperative effort, so the impact will be wholly bad, and will leave British science isolated and inward looking". I asked him what he would like his legacy to be. "I never expected to reach 75, so I feel very fortunate to be able to reflect on my legacy. I think my greatest achievement, will be my discovery that black holes are not entirely black." "Quantum effects cause them to glow like hot bodies with a temperature that is lower, the larger the black hole. This result was completely unexpected, and showed there is a deep relationship between gravity and thermodynamics. I think this will be key, to understanding how paradoxes between quantum mechanics and general relativity can be resolved." When asked if money or practicality were no object, what his dream present would be, he said it would be a cure for motor neurone disease - or at least a treatment that halted its progression. "When I was diagnosed at 21, I was told it would kill me in two or three years. Now, 54 years later, albeit weaker and in a wheelchair, I'm still working and producing scientific papers. But it's been a great struggle, which I have got through only with a lot of help from my family, colleagues, and friends." Follow Pallab on Twitter

স্টিফেন হকিং বলেছেন, মার্কিন প্রেসিডেন্ট ডোনাল্ড ট্রাম্পের জলবায়ু পরিবর্তন সংক্রান্ত প্যারিস চুক্তি থেকে নাম প্রত্যাহারের সিদ্ধান্ত পৃথিবীকে ধ্বংসের কাছে নিয়ে যেতে পারে। জলবায়ুর পরিবর্তন এমনভাবে ঘটতে পারে যে পরিস্থিতি হবে অপরিবর্তনীয়।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

The suspect, described by officials as a disgruntled city employee in Virginia Beach, fired indiscriminately in a municipal building. The gunman, identified by police as DeWayne Craddock, was killed in an exchange of gunfire with police. Officials said an officer was wounded when a bullet struck his vest. How did the shooting unfold? The attack began shortly after 16:00 (20:00 GMT), at Virginia Beach Municipal Center, in an area which is home to a number of city government buildings. The area was put into lockdown by police and employees were evacuated. "We just heard people yelling and screaming at people to get down," Megan Banton, an administrative assistant in the building, told local television news station WAVY. One of the victims was shot outside in a car, and the rest were found over three floors of the government building. Four officers entered the building and located the gunman inside and "immediately engaged" him, police chief James Cervera said. The attacker was then shot dead. The police chief described the scene as a "war zone". "I want you to know that during this gun battle, basically the officers stopped this individual from committing more carnage in that building," Mr Cervera said. Police recovered a rifle and a handgun, thought to have been used by the suspect, at the scene. Tragedy ahead of gun awareness day Harry Low, BBC News, Virginia Beach As police cars, blue lights flashing, line the perimeter of the Virginia Beach municipal offices, rain continues to fall. At the end of a shortened working week following Monday's Memorial Day holiday, many families are facing a future without their loved ones. Survivors speak of sleepless nights ahead. Virginia's largest city has now become the site for this country's largest mass shooting in 2019. The latest tragedy has taken place ahead of the annual National Gun Violence Awareness Day on Sunday. This will provide little comfort to those who want to see an end to the easy access to guns which frequently bring schools and cities across America to prominence for all the wrong reasons. What is known about the victims? They have been identified as 11 municipal employees and one contractor. At least four people are known to have been wounded, including the police officer, but the severity of their injuries remained unclear. The injured officer's life was saved by his bulletproof vest. A White House spokesman said President Trump had been briefed about the shooting. The FBI was at the scene helping local authorities investigate the shooting, US media reported. 'The most devastating day' Virginia Senator Tim Kaine said on Twitter he was "devastated to learn of the tragic shooting tonight in Virginia Beach". "My heart is with everyone who lost a loved one, and I'm praying for a swift recovery for all those who have been injured," he said. Robert Dyer, the city's mayor, said: "This is the most devastating day in the history of Virginia Beach." Virginia governor Ralph Northam described the incident as a "tragic day" for the city and the state. "Our hearts ache over the senseless violence that has been inflicted upon the Virginia Beach community today," he told reporters. According to US tracking website Gun Violence Archive, the incident is the 150th mass shooting in the US so far in 2019. The site defines a mass shooting as a gun attack in which at least four people are either killed or wounded.

যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের ভার্জিনিয়া রাজ্যে একটি সরকারি ভবনে বন্দুকধারীর হামলায় অন্তত ১১জন নিহত হয়েছে বলে জানা যাচ্ছে। এতে আহত হয়েছেন আরো অন্তত ছয় জন।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

BV is not a sexually transmitted infection. It is an imbalance of the usual bacteria found in the vagina. Women who have it may have no symptoms, but some get a strong-smelling discharge. Researchers explored what effect mouth bacteria have on microbes that live and grow in the vagina. About BV BV is not usually serious, but should be treated because having BV makes women more vulnerable to catching sexually transmitted diseases and getting urinary infections. If the woman is pregnant, it increases the risk of premature birth. How can you tell if you have it? It is quite common and women who have it may notice they have an unusual discharge that has a strong fishy smell. You may notice a change to the colour and consistency of your discharge, such as becoming greyish-white and thin and watery. Your GP or sexual health clinic could arrange for a swab test to see if you have BV. If the result is positive, it can be treated with antibiotic tablets, gels or creams. What did the new research find? Women without BV tend to have plenty of "good" bacteria called lactobacilli that keep the vagina more acidic, with a lower pH. Sometimes this healthy balance can tip and let other vaginal micro-organisms thrive. What causes this to happen is not fully known, but you're more likely to get BV if: The study in PLoS Biology showed how a common type of bacteria found in the mouth that is linked with gum disease and dental plaque may support BV. They did experiments in human vaginal specimens and in mice to look at bacterial behaviour. The mouth bacterium, Fusobacterium nucleatum, appeared to aid the growth of other bacteria implicated in BV. The researchers, Dr Amanda Lewis from the University of California and colleagues, say the findings show how oral sex might contribute to some cases of BV. Experts already know that BV can be triggered by sex, including between women. Prof Claudia Estcourt, spokesperson for the British Association for Sexual Health and HIV, said research such as this was important to add to the understanding of BV. "We know BV is a really complex entity with lots of contributing factors." She said oral sex could pass on sexually transmitted infections and other bacteria that may or may not be important in other health conditions.

ওরাল সেক্সের মাধ্যমে নারী যৌনাঙ্গে সংক্রমণ ঘটে 'ব্যাকটেরিয়াল ভ্যাজিনোসিস' বা 'বিভি' নামে রোগ হতে পারে বলে এক গবেষণায় জানা যাচ্ছে।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

Such a verdict is a first in a country with a history of army rule. The military reacted angrily, saying legal process "seems to have been ignored". The general seized power in a 1999 coup and was president from 2001 to 2008. The penalty is unlikely to be carried out. Gen Musharraf was allowed to leave Pakistan in 2016 and is in Dubai. The high treason charge has been pending since 2013. It relates to Gen Musharraf's suspension of the constitution in 2007, when he declared an emergency in a move intended to extend his tenure. The 76-year-old says he is receiving medical treatment in Dubai. He issued a video statement from a hospital bed earlier this month, describing the case against him as "baseless". Three judges at the special court in Islamabad found him guilty by two to one. What is the case about? In November 2007, Gen Musharraf suspended the constitution and imposed emergency rule - a move which sparked protests. He resigned in 2008 to avoid the threat of impeachment. When Nawaz Sharif - an old rival whom he deposed in the 1999 coup - was elected prime minister in 2013, he initiated a treason trial against Gen Musharraf and in March 2014 the former general was charged for high treason. Gen Musharraf argued the case was politically motivated and that the actions he took in 2007 were agreed by the government and cabinet. But his arguments were turned down by the courts and he was accused of acting illegally. According to the Pakistani constitution, anyone convicted of high treason could face the death penalty. Gen Musharraf travelled to Dubai in 2016 after a travel ban was lifted and he has refused to appear before the court, despite multiple orders. The three-member bench had reserved its verdict in the long-running case last month, but was stopped from announcing it by a petition filed by the federal government to the Islamabad High Court. Why is it significant? The indictment of Gen Musharraf in 2014 for treason was a highly significant moment in a country where the military has held sway for much of its independent history. Many of Pakistan's army chiefs have either ruled the country directly after coups, as Gen Musharraf did, or wielded significant influence over policymaking during periods of civilian rule. But Gen Musharraf was the first army chief to be charged with such a crime and the powerful military have watched the case carefully. It said the court ruling had been "received with a lot of pain and anguish by rank and file of the Pakistan Armed Forces". "An ex-Army Chief, Chairman Joint Chief of Staff Committee and President of Pakistan, who has served the country for over 40 years, fought wars for the defence of the country can surely never be a traitor," a statement said. Analysts say the institution is deeply aware that how the case proceeds could set a precedent. Many expect the judgement to be delayed by an appeal by Gen Musharraf's lawyers and it unclear if a request to have him returned would be successful as there is no formal extradition treaty between Pakistan and the UAE, the BBC's M Ilyas Khan reports. Who is Gen Musharraf? He was appointed to lead the Pakistani army in 1998. The army's involvement in the Kargil conflict in May 1999 caused a major rift between him and then-Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, and the army general seized power in a coup in 1999. At a glance 1943Born in Delhi, India 1961Joins Pakistan Military Academy 1999Leads bloodless coup and becomes president two years later 2007Loses power 2008Goes into self-imposed exile - returns from 2013 to 2016 2014Charged with high treason Serving as president until 2008, Gen Musharraf survived numerous assassination attempts and plots against him during his time in power. He is best known internationally for his role in the US "war on terror", which he supported after the 9/11 attacks despite domestic opposition. Gen Musharraf left the country after relinquishing the presidency in 2008, but returned in 2013 to contest the general elections, when he was barred from standing by the courts and was embroiled in several cases - including over the assassination of former PM Benazir Bhutto. He appeared only twice in hearings for treason and earlier spent time at an army health facility or on his farm in Islamabad. He subsequently moved to Karachi in April 2014, where he lived until his departure two years later.

পাকিস্তানের সাবেক সামরিক শাসক জেনারেল পারভেজ মুশাররফের মৃত্যুদণ্ডাদেশ দিয়েছে ইসলামাবাদের একটি বিশেষ আদালত।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

That brings the Department of Health's daily toll, based on a positive test result being recorded, to 708. Seven of the deaths happened in the last 24 hours, and another four were outside that time. First Minister Arlene Foster has said the current restrictions in NI will end "as planned" on 13 November, while the PM announced a second lockdown for England. The NI-only restrictions began on Friday 17 October. In a tweet on Saturday evening, Arlene Foster said she had had a "useful call" with the Cabinet Office minister Michael Gove. "We must adapt to coexist with the virus. That means increasing hospital & testing capacity," she said. Responding to Boris Johnson's announcement on Saturday evening, Deputy First Minister Michelle O'Neill wrote on social media to remind people the restrictions would not apply in Northern Ireland. Ms O'Neill said that restrictions in Northern Ireland "remain in place and will be reviewed by 13 November". Schools in Northern Ireland will reopen on Monday. In his address on Saturday night, the prime minister said the government's furlough scheme, due to end at midnight, would be extended by one month. The extension will be applied across the United Kingdom. Through the scheme, staff kept on by their employer while unable to work are paid 80% of their wages - up to a maximum of £2,500 per month. In Northern Ireland on Saturday, the Department of Health reported 649 new cases of coronavirus bringing the total number of confirmed cases in Northern Ireland to 38,431. There are 346 people in hospital with Covid-19, eight fewer than Friday. There are 48 patients in ICU, up five on Friday. Some 41 of them require ventilation support, an increase of three compared to Friday. Hospitals in Northern Ireland are operating at about 96% occupancy, with 11 ICU beds available and 128 general beds available. In the Republic of Ireland, five further deaths related to Covid-19 were announced on Saturday. There have now been 1,913 Covid-19 related deaths in the country to date. Some 416 new confirmed cases were announced, bringing that total to 61,456. As of 14:00 local time, 320 Covid patients are in hospital in the Irish Republic, 41 of which are in ICU.

বাংলাদেশে কোভিড-১৯ বা করোনাভাইরাস আক্রান্ত হয়ে আরো একজনের মৃত্যু হয়েছে।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

By James GallagherHealth and science correspondent The Cardiff University team discovered a method of killing prostate, breast, lung and other cancers in lab tests. The findings, published in Nature Immunology, have not been tested in patients, but the researchers say they have "enormous potential". Experts said that although the work was still at an early stage, it was very exciting. What have they found? Our immune system is our body's natural defence against infection, but it also attacks cancerous cells. The scientists were looking for "unconventional" and previously undiscovered ways the immune system naturally attacks tumours. What they found was a T-cell inside people's blood. This is an immune cell that can scan the body to assess whether there is a threat that needs to be eliminated. The difference is this one could attack a wide range of cancers. "There's a chance here to treat every patient," researcher Prof Andrew Sewell told the BBC. He added: "Previously nobody believed this could be possible. "It raises the prospect of a 'one-size-fits-all' cancer treatment, a single type of T-cell that could be capable of destroying many different types of cancers across the population." How does it work? T-cells have "receptors" on their surface that allow them to "see" at a chemical level. The Cardiff team discovered a T-cell and its receptor that could find and kill a wide range of cancerous cells in the lab including lung, skin, blood, colon, breast, bone, prostate, ovarian, kidney and cervical cancer cells. Crucially, it left normal tissues untouched. Exactly how it does this is still being explored. This particular T-cell receptor interacts with a molecule called MR1, which is on the surface of every cell in the human body. It is thought MR1 is flagging the distorted metabolism going on inside a cancerous cell to the immune system. "We are the first to describe a T-cell that finds MR1 in cancer cells - that hasn't been done before, this is the first of its kind," research fellow Garry Dolton told the BBC. Why is this significant? T-cell cancer therapies already exist and the development of cancer immunotherapy has been one of the most exciting advances in the field. The most famous example is CAR-T - a living drug made by genetically engineering a patient's T-cells to seek out and destroy cancer. CAR-T can have dramatic results that transform some patients from being terminally ill to being in complete remission. However, the approach is highly specific and works in only a limited number of cancers where there is a clear target to train the T-cells to spot. And it has struggled to have any success in "solid cancers" - those that form tumours rather than blood cancers such as leukaemia. The researchers say their T-cell receptor could lead to a "universal" cancer treatment. So how would it work in practice? The idea is that a blood sample would be taken from a cancer patient. Their T-cells would be extracted and then genetically modified so they were reprogrammed to make the cancer-finding receptor. The upgraded cells would be grown in vast quantities in the laboratory and then put back into the patient. It is the same process used to make CAR-T therapies. However, the research has been tested only in animals and on cells in the laboratory, and more safety checks would be needed before human trials could start. What do the experts say? Lucia Mori and Gennaro De Libero, from University of Basel in Switzerland, said the research had "great potential" but was at too early a stage to say it would work in all cancers. "We are very excited about the immunological functions of this new T-cell population and the potential use of their TCRs in tumour cell therapy," they said. Daniel Davis, a professor of immunology at the University of Manchester, said: "At the moment, this is very basic research and not close to actual medicines for patients. "There is no question that it's a very exciting discovery, both for advancing our basic knowledge about the immune system and for the possibility of future new medicines." Follow James on Twitter.

বিজ্ঞানীরা বলছেন,মানুষের শরীরের রোগ প্রতিরোধ ব্যবস্থার নতুন আবিষ্কৃত একটা অংশ সব ক্যান্সারের চিকিৎসা করতে পারে।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

They spent seven hours outside the International Space Station (ISS) replacing a failed power control unit. Ms Koch had already carried out four spacewalks but it was the first such mission for Dr Meir, who became the 15th woman to walk in space, Nasa said. US President Donald Trump congratulated them in a video call. "You are very brave, brilliant women," he told them as they carried out the spacewalk. Ms Koch, an electrical engineer, and Dr Meir, who has a doctorate in marine biology, stepped outside in their Nasa spacesuits at 11:38 GMT (07:38 EDT) on Friday. They made their way to a location called the Port 6 truss structure to replace the battery charge-discharge unit (BCDU). They then returned to the airlock with the failed part which will subsequently be loaded on to the next SpaceX Dragon resupply ship for inspection on Earth. Back on Earth, Democratic presidential candidate Kamala Harris tweeted that the spacewalk was "more than historic". Nasa had announced in March that Ms Koch would take part in the first all-female "extra-vehicular activity" (EVA) with colleague Anne McClain. But the spacewalk was called off because a medium-sized suit wasn't available in the near-term for McClain. The first woman to spacewalk was the Russian Svetlana Savitskaya, who went outside the USSR's Salyut 7 space station for three hours, 35 minutes on 25 July 1984. The first person in history to spacewalk was Soviet cosmonaut Alexei Leonov, who died earlier this month aged 85. On Tuesday, Nasa unveiled a prototype for a new spacesuit that might be worn by the next astronauts on the Moon. It said the new Moon suit, known formally as the Exploration Extravehicular Mobility Unit (xEMU), is designed to give the wearer a customised fit whatever their shape or size.

এই প্রথমবারের মতন মহাকাশে হাঁটলেন শুধুই নারী নভোচারীদের একটি দল। এই মিশনে অংশ নিয়ে ইতিহাস সৃষ্টি করেছেন দুই নভোচারী ক্রিস্টিনা কচ ও জেসিকা মায়ার।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

In a crowded large hall in the Indira Vihar area, scores of women and children displaced by the riots are sitting on carpets and mats. Many of the young women are carrying babies, but there are also toddlers, and slightly older children playing in groups. The hall belongs to a Muslim businessman. It has been turned into a refuge for the displaced. The women and children here fled rioting Hindu mobs who attacked their homes in Shiv Vihar, one of the worst-affected areas. A working class Hindu-dominated neighbourhood with a sizeable Muslim population, Shiv Vihar is a maze of narrow bylanes situated next to a filthy drain. A couple of hundred metres, along the same drain, are the Muslim-majority areas of Chaman Park and Indira Vihar. Separating the Hindu and Muslim majority areas is just a road and the two communities have co-existed peacefully for decades. But all that has now changed. Nasreen Ansari, who is among those who fled their homes in Shiv Vihar, says their ordeal began on Tuesday afternoon, when only women were at home. Their menfolk were miles away in another part of Delhi, attending an Ijtema, a Muslim religious gathering. "We saw about 50-60 men. I don't know who they were, we had never seen them before," says Nasreen. "They told us they had come to protect us and told us to stay indoors." As she and other women watched from their windows and terraces, they soon realised that the men were not there to protect them. She shows me a video she shot from the window. It shows some of the men, they are all wearing helmets and carrying long wooden sticks. Nasreen says the men were shouting Hindu religious slogans like Jai Shri Ram (Hail Lord Ram) and reciting lines from Hanuman Chalisa (a hymn praising the powers of Hanuman, the monkey god). Her mother, Noor Jehan Ansari, says a Muslim neighbour called her to say that her house had been set on fire. "From our window, we could see another Muslim neighbour's home and his medicine shop burning." The attackers, she says, vandalised the electricity transformer and as dusk approached, the area plunged into darkness. "Soon, there were fires burning all around us, they were hurling Molotov cocktails and cooking-gas cylinders, targeting shops and homes belonging to Muslims. Hindu homes were unharmed," she says. "We never thought something like this will happen to us. Our only fault is that we are born Muslim." Nasreen says the women made dozens of calls to the police. "Every time they would assure us that they'd be here in five minutes." At one point, Nasreen says she called some relatives and told them that they were "not going to survive the night". They were finally rescued at 03:00, 12 hours after the siege of their homes began, when police, accompanied by Muslim men from Chaman Park and Indira Vihar finally arrived. "We ran for our lives, with just our clothes on our backs. We didn't even have the time to put on our shoes," she says. Several other women at the shelter recounted similar stories of what they were subjected to that night. Shira Malik, 19, said she and her family took shelter in a neighbour's house. "We were trapped. Stones and Molotov cocktails were raining in from the outside." Many of the women told me how close they had come that night to being sexually assaulted. The attackers, they said, pulled their scarves and tore their clothes. A mother of a one-year-old wept as she narrated how her clothes were torn to shreds by several men who entered her house. Another woman, in her early 30s, said the only reason she was alive was because of help from her Hindu neighbours. "My neighbours told the mob, 'She is one of us. There is no Muslim woman here.' When the mob went towards the back lane, they helped me escape," she said. The senseless violence of the past few days began on Sunday evening as a small clash a few kilometres from Shiv Vihar between supporters and opponents of a new controversial citizenship law. Within hours, it had affected many other neighbourhoods, including Shiv Vihar and Chaman Park. As I walk around the area, the roads still bear witness to the chaos that was visited here. Dozens of riot policemen keep a watch, ensuring no fresh violence occurs. Bricks and stones are strewn everywhere, there are burnt vehicles, shops and homes. In Shiv Vihar, facing the drain is a mosque that was also set on fire by the vandals. Back at the shelter in Indira Vihar, the women say they have no idea when - if at all - they will be able to return home. Shabana Rehman says her three children keep asking her when they can go home. "My home was burnt down by the arsonists. Where will we go now? What's the future of my children? Who will look after us? We have lost all our documents," she says, tears flowing down her cheeks. Her home of decades in Shiv Vihar is just a short walk away, but the gap seems unbridgeable. Read more on the Delhi riots:

ভারতের রাজধানী দিল্লির বেশ কিছু এলাকায় ছড়িয়ে পড়া ভয়াবহ ধর্মীয় দাঙ্গা আবারো প্রমাণ করলো যে, যেকোনো সহিংসতায় সবচেয়ে বেশি শিকার হয় নারী ও শিশুরা। দিল্লি থেকে বিবিসির গীতা পান্ডের প্রতিবেদন।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

Sikkim, a tiny former kingdom in the Himalayas, is home to Kanchenjunga, the world's third-highest mountain. The state is connected to Tibet, Bhutan and Nepal through eight mountain passes. The state's first airport at Pakyong, some 30km (18 miles) from the state capital, Gangtok, and carved out of a mountainside has been described as an "engineering marvel". Some 60km from the border with China, the airport is located on top of a hill above Pakyong village at 4,500ft (1,371 metres) above sea level and it's spread across over 201 acres. The airport is flanked by deep valleys at both ends of the 1.75km-long runway. It has two parking bays and a terminal building, which can handle about 100 passengers at a time. Difficult topography and hostile weather conditions made this nine-year-long project "extremely challenging and exciting", according to a spokesperson for Punj Lloyd, an Indian company which built the runway. Engineers say the main challenge was to carry out heavy earthwork construction at the site and lug equipment through narrow mountain roads. The weather - Sikkim gets monsoon rains from April to September - hindered work. The hilly terrain and high seismicity were among some of the other challenges engineers faced on the rocky slopes. The entire airport, including the runway, has been built on land which was itself created by building an embankment wall as high as 263ft in deep valleys. Punj Lloyd says it is one of the tallest "reinforcement" walls in the world. Commercial flight operations from Pakyong will begin on 4 October. The airport is expected to boost tourism to Sikkim, which is home to a number of peaks, glaciers and high altitude lakes. Photographs by Rajiv Srivastava

ভারতের উত্তর-পূর্বাঞ্চলীয় রাজ্য সিকিম-এ নবনির্মিত বিমানবন্দরটি পৃথিবীর সবচেয়ে সুন্দর বিমানবন্দরগুলোর মধ্যে অন্যতম।

এই ইংরেজি প্রবন্ধটি বাংলা ভাষায় সংক্ষেপে অনুবাদ করুন

He said the cause of the blaze at the Natanz enrichment site had been determined, but gave no details. The spokesman added that the destroyed machinery would eventually be replaced by more advanced equipment. The fire hit a centrifuge assembly workshop. Some Iranian officials have blamed possible cyber-sabotage. Centrifuges are needed to produce enriched uranium, which can be used to make reactor fuel but also nuclear weapons. Behrouz Kamalvandi, a spokesman for Iran's Atomic Energy Organisation, said on Sunday that security officials were not talking about what caused the Natanz fire "because of security reasons". The incident, he said, had "caused significant damage, but there were no casualties". Other fires and explosions have also occurred in the past week in Iran. Mr Kamalvandi added: "The incident could slow down the development and production of advanced centrifuges in the medium term... Iran will replace the damaged building with a bigger one that has more advanced equipment." What happened on Thursday? The fire occurred at "one of the industrial sheds under construction" at Natanz, Mr Kamalvandi said at the time. The AEOI later published a photo showing a partly burned building, which US-based analysts identified as a new centrifuge assembly workshop. Reuters news agency quoted unnamed Iranian officials as saying they believed the fire was the result of a cyber attack, but did not cite any evidence. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), which monitors Iran's compliance with a 2015 nuclear deal struck with world powers, said it anticipated no impact on its verification activities. What other incidents have occurred? The Natanz fire comes six days after an explosion near the Parchin military complex. Iranian authorities said the blast was caused by "leaking gas tanks" at the site, but analysts said satellite photographs showed it happened at a nearby missile production facility. Parchin, near Tehran, is where Western powers suspect Iran carried out tests related to nuclear warhead detonations more than a decade ago. Iran insists its nuclear programme is peaceful and denies that it sought to develop nuclear weapons. On Sunday officials said there had been a fire at a power plant near the south-western city of Ahvaz. They said the blaze had been put out and electricity restored. Why is Natanz significant? Natanz, about 250km (150 miles) south of the capital Tehran, is Iran's largest uranium enrichment facility. The 2015 nuclear deal saw Iran agree only to produce low-enriched uranium, which has a 3-4% concentration of U-235 and can be used to produce fuel for nuclear power plants. Weapons-grade uranium is 90% enriched or more. Iran also agreed to install no more than 5,060 of the oldest and least efficient centrifuges at Natanz until 2026, and not to carry out any enrichment at its other underground facility, Fordo, until 2031. Last year, Iran began rolling back these commitments in retaliation for US President Donald Trump's decision to abandon the nuclear accord and reinstate crippling economic sanctions. In November, Iran said it had doubled the number of advanced centrifuges being operated at Natanz and had begun injecting uranium hexafluoride gas into centrifuges at Fordo.

ইরানের একটি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ পারমাণবিক কেন্দ্রে আগুন লেগে 'ব্যাপক ক্ষয়ক্ষতি' হয়েছে বলে জানিয়েছেন দেশটির পারমাণবিক কর্তৃপক্ষের একজন মুখপাত্র।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

Beijing has been reluctant to agree to an independent inquiry and it has taken many months of negotiations for the WHO to be allowed access to the city. The virus is thought to have come from a market in the city selling animals. But the search for the source has led to tensions, notably with the US. President Donald Trump's administration has accused China of trying to conceal the initial outbreak. What is the aim of the investigation? A biologist on the team travelling to Wuhan told the Associated Press news agency that the WHO was not seeking to apportion blame, but rather to prevent future outbreaks. "It's really not about finding a guilty country," Fabian Leendertz of Germany's Robert Koch Institute said. "It's about trying to understand what happened and then see if, based on those data, we can try to reduce the risk in the future." Dr Leendertz said the aim was to find out when the virus began circulating and whether or not it originated in Wuhan. The mission was expected to last four or five weeks, he added. Where and when was the virus first detected? In the early days of the virus, it was traced to a so-called "wet market" in Wuhan, Hubei province, and it was suggested that this was where it made the leap from animals to humans. But experts now believe it may simply have been amplified there. Research suggests that coronaviruses capable of infecting humans may have been circulating undetected in bats for decades. Last December, a Chinese doctor at Wuhan Central Hospital - Li Wenliang - tried to warn fellow medics about a possible outbreak of a new disease, but was told by police to "stop making false comments" and was investigated for "spreading rumours". Dr Li died in February after contracting the virus while treating patients in the city. In April, suspicions and allegations emerged that the virus might have leaked from a laboratory in Wuhan. US State Department cables came to light suggesting that embassy officials were worried about biosecurity there. The office of the US national intelligence director said at the time that while the virus was not man-made or genetically modified, officials were investigating whether the outbreak began through contact with animals or through a laboratory accident. Recent reports in Chinese media have suggested that Covid-19 could have started outside China. But analysts say the reports are without foundation, and the campaign reflects anxiety within the leadership in Beijing about damage to the country's international reputation from the pandemic. Will access to Wuhan provide answers? Analysis by Naomi Grimley, BBC health correspondent The question of an independent inquiry into the origins of the virus has become embroiled in international geopolitics and rows about the WHO. The Trump administration has always taken a hard line, arguing that the WHO has been too soft on China and citing examples of officials praising the Chinese regime for its actions such as locking down Wuhan, mass testing and its publication of the genetic code of the virus. However, lots of other countries also said there needed to be a proper inquiry - including Australia and the UK. The Associated Press revealed transcripts of video calls from WHO officials complaining back in January that they had not received the right data they needed from the Chinese authorities. A two-man WHO team that visited China this summer had difficulty negotiating access to Wuhan. This trip, when it does happen, will probably concentrate on fundamental biological questions: did the virus originally come from bats? Was there an "intermediate host" linking bats to humans? And were Wuhan wet markets at the centre of the initial outbreak? What has been the response to China's reporting of the virus? China's tackling of the developing crisis was praised in January by the head of the WHO's Health Emergencies Programme, Dr Mike Ryan, who said the "challenge is great but the response has been massive". Beijing had helped slow the spread of the virus, the WHO said, by quickly volunteering to share its knowledge of the virus's genetic code. However, the US - among a number of other countries - raised questions about whether China was fully transparent when the virus first emerged there. In March, the head of the WHO in China, Dr Gauden Galea, told the BBC there were "shortcomings" in tackling the outbreak in the early days, but that experts would look at how issues could be avoided in the future. Mr Trump later attacked the WHO itself for being too "China-centric" in praising Beijing, saying the organisation "really blew it" with its early guidance during the outbreak. He announced that he was pulling the US out of the body and said funding would be redirected elsewhere. However, US President-elect Joe Biden, who is due to be sworn in on 20 January, has since set up a foreign policy team tasked with keeping America in the WHO.

বিশ্ব স্বাস্থ্য সংস্থা জানিয়েছে কোভিড-১৯ এর উৎস খুঁজে বের করতে ১০ জন বিজ্ঞানীর একটি আন্তর্জাতিক দল আগামী মাসে চীনের উহান শহর সফর করবেন।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

Jonathan MarcusDiplomatic correspondent@Diplo1on Twitter Now, according to experts at the International Institute for Strategic Studies - the IISS - in London, it is China and no longer Russia, that increasingly provides the benchmark against which Washington judges the capability requirements for its own armed forces. This is especially true in terms of air and naval forces - the focus of China's modernisation effort. Events in Europe mean that for the US Army, it is still largely Russian capabilities that provide the benchmark threat. This trend has been chronicled in the Military Balance, the annual assessment of global military capabilities and defence spending, published by the IISS since 1959. Of course the transformation of the Chinese military has been under way for some time. But now a significant way-point has been reached - or is very close - that will make it the "peer competitor" for Washington. Ahead of the publication of this year's Military Balance later this week, I sat down with a group of IISS experts to try to tease out more of the details of this trend, providing a powerful narrative to the annual compendium's tables and statistics. China's progress and technical abilities are remarkable - from ultra-long-range conventional ballistic missiles to fifth generation fighter jets. Last year the first hull of China's latest warship - the Type 55 cruiser - was put into the water. Its capabilities would give any Nato navy pause for thought. China is working on its second aircraft carrier. It is revamping its military command structure to give genuine joint headquarters involving all the key services. In terms of artillery, air defence and land attack it has weapons that out-range anything the US can deploy. Since the late 1990s, when it received an influx of advanced Russian technology, the Chinese Navy has recapitalised the bulk of its surface and sub-surface fleets. In the air, its new single-seat fighter, the J-20, is said by the Chinese to be in operational service. It is what is known in the trade as a "fifth generation fighter", meaning that it incorporates stealth technology; it has a supersonic cruising speed; and highly integrated avionics. IISS experts remain sceptical. "The Chinese Air Force", they say, "still needs to develop suitable tactics to operate the low-observable jet and must come up with doctrines to mix these 'fifth generation' warplanes with earlier 'fourth generation models'. "Still, China's progress is clear," they say, "you can add to these aircraft a whole range of capable air-to-air missiles that are every bit on a par with those in Western arsenals." This year's Military Balance devotes a whole chapter to developments in Chinese and Russian air-launched weapons which they see as a key test for western dominance. The US and its allies have waged air campaigns since the end of the Cold War and have lost very few aircraft. But this dominance, according to the IISS, may be increasingly challenged. China, for example, is developing a very long-range air-to-air missile intended specifically to strike at tanker and command and control aircraft that now orbit out of harm's way; essential but vulnerable elements in any air operation. The authors of the Military Balance argue China's air-to-air missile developments by 2020, "will likely force the US and its regional allies to re-examine not only their tactics, techniques and procedures, but also the direction of their own combat-aerospace development programmes". On land the Chinese army is lagging behind in this modernisation effort according to the IISS. Only about half of its equipment is serviceable in terms of modern combat. But even here progress is being made. China has set a goal of 2020 as the date to achieve both "mechanisation" and what it calls "informisation". Quite what China means by this is latter term is unclear, but Beijing has been watching the developing role of information in warfare and seeking to adapt this to its own particular circumstances. China has one clear strategic aim in mind to which many of its new weapons systems are tailored. In the event of a conflict, this is to push US military power as far away from its shores as possible, ideally deep into the Pacific. This strategy is known in military jargon as "anti-access area denial" - sometimes abbreviated as A2AD. This explains China's focus on long-range air and maritime systems that can hold the US Navy's carrier battle groups at risk. So as a military player China has pretty well joined the Premier League. But this though is not the end of Beijing's global military impact. It is also pursuing an ambitious arms export strategy. Often China is willing to sell advanced technologies that other countries either do not have, or are unwilling to sell to all but their closest allies. The market for armed drones is a case in point. This is a rapidly spreading technology that raises huge questions about the boundary between peace and war. The US, which was one of the pioneers in this field, has refused to sell sophisticated armed drones to anyone except a limited number of its closest Nato allies like the United Kingdom. France, which already operates US-supplied Reaper drones, has plans to arm drones as well. China has had no such constraints, displaying impressive unmanned aerial vehicles alongside the various munitions that they can carry at arms shows around the world. The IISS Military Balance says that China has sold its armed UAVs to a number of countries including Egypt, Nigeria, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Myanmar, among others. This is a very good example of unintended consequences. Washington's reluctance to sell this technology leaves the field open to Beijing. Inevitably this has a wider role in the spread of such weapons, encouraging other countries who operate UAVs solely for intelligence gathering purposes to seek armed variants as well. US and Western arms exporters see China as a growing commercial threat. Compared with even a decade ago, there is a serious Chinese presence in the marketplace, offering good quality equipment. China, as the armed UAV example illustrates, is also willing to enter markets which many Western manufacturers, or their governments, see as being too sensitive. And as the IISS experts told me, China tends to win on all aspects of the deal. Typically Chinese weaponry will give you 75% of the capability of the available Western technology for 50% of the price. In business terms it's a strong offer. China's ground warfare exports are less impressive. They still have to compete for customers with countries like Russia and Ukraine. But when Kiev couldn't meet the timeframe for a tank deal with Thailand in 2014, the Thais bought Chinese VT4 tanks instead. Last year Thailand went back for more. IISS experts say that China is also trying to develop weaponry tailored to specific markets. They point to a new light tank for example intended for African countries, whose roads and infrastructure would not be able to cope with many of the heavier models offered by others. China's growing role as a source of sophisticated weaponry is something that is worrying many countries and not just its neighbours. Western air forces have enjoyed some three decades of dominance. But the "anti-access" strategy of the Chinese has provided weapons that could easily be employed by others to do the same thing. A Western European country may never face China in a conflict, but it could well face sophisticated Chinese weapons systems in the hands of others. As one IISS expert put it, "the perception that you will enter a low-risk environment when intervening overseas, now needs to be questioned."

চীনের সামরিক শক্তি যে গতিতে বাড়ছে তা অনেক বিশ্লেষকের হিসেবকেই অতিক্রম করে গেছে।

দয়া করে এই ইংরেজি নিবন্ধটির সংক্ষিপ্তসার বাংলায় প্রদান করুন

We've answered a sample of the questions we received from readers on this subject. Did the prime minister mislead the Queen? The Supreme Court does not go as far as Scotland's Court of Session, which said that the PM had "an improper purpose" when he advised the Queen to prorogue Parliament. However, the Supreme Court judgement said: "It is impossible for us to conclude on the evidence... that there was any reason - let alone a good reason - to advise Her Majesty to prorogue Parliament for five weeks." Could Boris Johnson face criminal prosecutions? - Gordon Pearson The Supreme Court case was not about criminal law, but constitutional law, says BBC home affairs correspondent Dominic Casciani. As such, the PM broke the rules that govern how the UK functions, by breaching Parliament's right to hold the government to account. If someone complained to the police about misconduct of public office, the police would have to assess it accordingly. However, the bar to prove a criminal offence is very high and there is no suggestion the prime minister broke the law in this way. Is it possible to impeach the PM? There is a procedure giving MPs the right to impeach a member of government, as Labour MP Liam Byrne has suggested. However, Parliament says that "for all practical purposes the procedure of impeachment is obsolete". The last time an impeachment case was prosecuted was in 1806, but the attempt was unsuccessful. In 2004, a cross-party group of MPs, including Boris Johnson, tabled a motion to impeach Tony Blair for his role in the Iraq war. This motion was never debated. Could there still be a Queen's Speech? Despite the ruling, Mr Johnson says he still wants to hold a Queen's Speech. The speech marks the start of a new session of Parliament, where the Queen reads out a list of laws the government hopes to pass over the next year or so. The Supreme Court ruling does not prevent Mr Johnson from suspending Parliament again, as long as it does not stop it from carrying out its duties "without reasonable justification". So if Mr Johnson wants a Queen's Speech on 14 October (as originally intended), he could prorogue Parliament a day or two beforehand so that preparations can be made. Will Boris Johnson now face a no confidence vote? - Christine Philips That will depend on when and if Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn calls one. If the leader of the opposition introduces the motion, convention means the government will provide time for a debate to take place. So far, no such move has been announced. If one more MP votes in favour of, than against, a motion, "that this House has no confidence in Her Majesty's Government," then either an alternative government must be formed within 14 days or a general election is triggered. A complicating factor is that, if a vote of no confidence was successful now and a general election was triggered, it could mean Brexit taking place during the election campaign. It's still widely expected that there will be an early election at some point, but the timing is very unclear. Can the government appeal to the European court? No, even if it wanted to, it couldn't. The European Court of Justice only rules on issues relating to the interpretation of EU law and disputes between member states. Because this is a domestic constitutional issue, the European court has no jurisdiction. As such, the government has no further opportunities to appeal against the decision, as the Supreme Court is the highest in the UK. How did each of the judges vote on the issue? Supreme Court president Lady Hale said the decision was unanimous, meaning all 11 justices agreed that the prorogation was unlawful. The justices are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of a panel of legal experts from each of the UK's nations. Applicants must have been a High Court judge for at least two years, or a practising lawyer for 15. Does this open the way for all decisions by government to be challenged in the courts? It's already the case that decisions by government can be challenged in the courts. One of the functions of the judiciary is to oversee the appropriate use of power by public bodies, including the government, through a process called judicial review. The courts can't challenge every government decision, only those that fall into the grounds for judicial review - that is, if a body is failing in its legal duty to act in a certain way, or it is acting in a way that goes beyond its legal powers. In this case it ruled that there was "no doubt that the courts have jurisdiction". What difference would five weeks make to MPs solving the Brexit deadlock? The Supreme Court doesn't say it would. What it does say is that one of Parliament's main responsibilities is to scrutinise the government, particularly at important moments, such as in the run up to Brexit. By proroguing Parliament for five weeks "without reasonable justification", the government had prevented Parliament from carrying out this job. Isn't the House of Commons in recess for three weeks anyway, for party political conferences? - Jami Burrows, Ipswich Recess does not happen automatically. MPs get a vote on it - unlike whether Parliament is prorogued. Because of prorogation, MPs did not vote on whether to break for the political conferences. As they are not on recess, they can return to Parliament - and Commons Speaker John Bercow says this will happen on Wednesday. Does this decision mean that bills thrown out during the shutdown can be reinstated? Yes it does. Parliament effectively goes back in time to 9 September, the day before prorogation took place. All the bills which were thrown out will be reinstated. This includes the trade bill and four other Brexit-related bills relating to immigration, agriculture, financial services and fisheries. It also brings back five other bills concerning, for example, domestic abuse, animal cruelty and divorce law reform. The bills will now pick up from the stage they had reached. Could the Queen have said "no" to the prime minister on prorogation? Josue Martinez, USA There is very little discretion for the Queen when it comes to decisions such as prorogation, says the BBC's royal correspondent Jonny Dymond, as she acts on the advice of the prime minister. "That advice, if you will, is with a capital A - she is effectively being told to prorogue."

ব্রিটেনের সুপ্রিম কোর্ট রায় দিয়েছে, সংসদের অধিবেশন স্থগিত করার প্রশ্নে প্রধানমন্ত্রী বরিস জনসন রানিকে যে পরামর্শ দিয়েছিলেন তা ছিল অবৈধ।

এই ইংরেজি লেখাটির বাংলা সারাংশ প্রদান কর।

By Reality Check teamBBC News It had vowed to retaliate after its most powerful military commander, General Qasem Soleimani, was killed by a US drone strike at Baghdad airport. So what do we know about Iran's military capabilities? What missiles does Iran have? Iran's missile systems are a key part of its military arsenal given its relative lack of air power. Regional rivals such as Israel and Saudi Arabia have the technology to carry out precision air strikes. Iran largely lacks this capability and so relies on launching missiles. A US Defense Department report describes the country's missile forces as the largest in the Middle East. It's not possible to give precise figures but the US-based Centre for Strategic and International Studies says Iran has thousands of missiles of more than a dozen different types. An Iranian media outlet reported that Fateh and Qiam missiles were used in the attack on the US base. Military analysts have also pointed to the use of these types based on images of the attack sites. The Qiam-1 missile has been widely produced since 2011, has a range of up 700km and a payload (an indication of how much explosive material it can carry) of 750kg. It was used by Iran against IS fighters in June 2017. The Fateh class of missiles, which first went into service in the early 2000s, have a slightly lower payload. The variations of the Shahab-3 intermediate range ballistic missile have payloads of more than 750kg and ranges upwards of 1,500km. For comparison, a US-built F35 fighter jet has a payload of up to 10,000kg. Iran has up to 50 medium range ballistic missile launchers and up to 100 short range ballistic missile launchers, according to the International Institute for Strategic Studies, a UK-based think tank. Iran is also testing space technology to allow it to develop longer range inter-continental missiles, according to the US report. "Iran has a highly developed missile force with weapons of a variety of ranges" says Jonathan Marcus, the BBC's Defence and diplomatic correspondent. "They are reasonably accurate - but not as accurate or as reliable as advanced western systems." The long-range missile programme was put on hold by Iran following the 2015 nuclear deal, according to the Royal United Services Institute (Rusi), but this may now have resumed given the uncertainty surrounding that deal. In any case, many targets in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf would be within range of Iran's current short and medium-range missiles, and possibly targets in Israel as well. In May last year, the US deployed a Patriot anti-missile defence system to the Middle East as tensions with Iran increased. This is meant to counter ballistic missiles, cruise missiles and advanced aircraft. How big is Iran's army? There are an estimated 523,000 active Iranian personnel, according to the IISS. This includes 350,000 in the regular army, and at least 150,000 in the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC). There are a further 20,000 service personnel in the IRGC's naval forces. This group operates a number of armed patrol boats in the Strait of Hormuz, the site of several confrontations involving foreign-flagged tankers in 2019. The IRGC also controls the Basij unit, a volunteer force which has helped suppress internal dissent. This unit can potentially mobilise many hundreds of thousands of personnel. The IRGC was set up 40 years ago to defend the Islamic system in Iran and has become a major military, political and economic force in its own right. Despite having fewer troops than the regular army, it is considered the most authoritative military force in Iran. What about operations abroad? The Quds Force, which was led by General Soleimani, conducts secret operations abroad for the IRGC and reports directly to the Supreme Leader of Iran, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. It's believed to be about 5,000 strong. The unit has been deployed to Syria, where it advised military elements loyal to Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and armed Shia militias fighting with them. In Iraq, it has supported a Shia-dominated paramilitary force which assisted in the defeat of IS. However, the US says the Quds force has a wider role by providing funding, training, weapons and equipment to organisations that Washington has designated as terrorist groups in the Middle East. These include Lebanon's Hezbollah movement and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad. Economic problems and sanctions have hampered Iran's arms imports, which are relatively small compared to those of other countries in the region. The value of Iran's defence imports between 2009 and 2018 was equivalent to just 3.5% of Saudi Arabia's imports over the same period, according to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Most Iranian imports come from Russia, and the rest from China. Does Iran have nuclear weapons? Iran does not currently have a nuclear weapons programme, and has previously said it does not want one. But it does have many of the elements required and the knowledge to create a military nuclear capability. In 2015, the US government under President Obama estimated that Iran only needed two to three months to produce enough nuclear material to make a weapon. The nuclear agreement that year between Tehran and six world powers - from which President Trump withdrew in 2018 - introduced limits and international checks on Iran's nuclear activities. It aimed to make it more difficult and time consuming to develop weapons-grade material. Following the killing of General Soleimani by US forces, Iran has said it will not be bound by these restrictions. But it also says it will continue to co-operate with the UN's nuclear watchdog, the IAEA. Despite years of sanctions, Iran has also been able to develop drone capabilities. In Iraq, Iranian drones have been used since 2016 in the fight against IS. Iran has also entered Israeli airspace with armed drones operated from bases in Syria, according to Rusi. In June 2019, Iran shot down a US surveillance drone, claiming it had violated Iranian airspace over the Strait of Hormuz. The other aspect of Iran's drone programme is its willingness to sell or transfer its drone technology to its allies and proxies in the region, says Jonathan Marcus, the BBC's Defence and diplomatic correspondent. In 2019, drone and missile attacks damaged two key Saudi oil facilities. Both the US and Saudi Arabia linked these attacks to Iran, although Tehran denied any involvement and pointed to a claim of responsibility by rebels in Yemen. Does Iran have cyber-capabilities? Following a major cyber-attack in 2010 on Iranian nuclear facilities, Iran ramped up its own cyber-space capability. The Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) is believed to have its own cyber-command, working on commercial and military espionage. In 2012, US officials blamed Iran for a series of cyber attacks on US banks intended to disrupt traffic to their websites. A US military report in 2019 said Iran had also targeted aerospace companies, defence contractors, energy and natural resource companies and telecommunications firms for cyber-espionage operations around the world. Also in 2019, Microsoft said a hacker group that "originates from Iran and is linked to the Iranian government" targeted a US presidential campaign and tried to break into the accounts of American government officials. Read more from Reality Check Send us your questions Follow us on Twitter

ইরাকে অবস্থিত দুইটি মার্কিন বিমান ঘাঁটিতে ১২টির বেশি ব্যালেস্টিক মিসাইল হামলা হয়েছে বলে জানিয়েছে যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের প্রতিরক্ষা দপ্তর।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

People have been complaining about breathing problems, with many saying the city has become unliveable. The state government has responded by banning all construction and deploying the fire brigade to sprinkle water across the city. People have been advised to stay indoors as much as possible. "In this case, dust has become a carrier of toxic pollutants. Pollution levels are 8-9 times higher than normal. And when we breathe, we are taking in toxic substances, which can have serious health repercussions," Anumita Roy Chowdhury, executive director of the Centre For Science and Environment, told BBC Hindi. Delhi is already one of the most polluted cities in the world but the recent weather pattern has caused more problems for its residents. Many have taken to social media to share their concerns and are urging the government to do something about it. Experts say dust storms originating from the nearby desert state of Rajasthan are to blame. "This phenomenon is not uncommon in the pre-monsoon season," Dr Kuldeep Srivastava of the meteorological department told the BBC. "But this time the haze has stayed unusually longer because of the delay in the arrival of seasonal monsoon rains." The air quality worsens every year in November and December as farmers in the neighbouring states of Punjab and Haryana burn crop stubble to clear their fields. Pollution levels reached 30 times the World Health Organization's safe limits in some areas of Delhi last year. The air quality improved in the following months but has gone back to "severe" from "moderate" in June this year.

ভারতের রাজধানী দিল্লিতে বায়ুদূষণের মাত্রা অসহনীয় পর্যায় অতিক্রম করায় এবিষয়ে কর্তৃপক্ষের দৃষ্টি আকর্ষণ করতে সেখনকার বাসিন্দারা দূষণ বিরোধী নানা ধরণের কার্যক্রম পরিচালনা করছেন।

প্রদত্ত ইংরেজি অনুচ্ছেদের বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ কি?

"We know that the order to kill Khashoggi came from the highest levels of the Saudi government," he wrote in an article in the Washington Post. But stressing Turkey's "friendly" ties with Saudi Arabia, he added that he did not believe King Salman was involved. Khashoggi was murdered at the Saudi consulate in Istanbul on 2 October. Turkish investigators believe the journalist, who was living in exile, was strangled when he visited to collect documents for his forthcoming marriage to a Turkish citizen. His body has not been found and an aide to President Erdogan, Yasin Aktay, has said he believes it was dissolved in acid after being cut up. The murder, initially covered up by Saudi officials, caused a diplomatic crisis between Saudi Arabia and its allies. The Saudis have since arrested 18 suspects who, they say, will be prosecuted in Saudi Arabia. Turkey wants them extradited. A memorial service marking four weeks since the journalist's death has been held in Washington. What did Erdogan say? "We know that the perpetrators are among the 18 suspects detained in Saudi Arabia," he wrote in the Washington Post, where Khashoggi had written a column. "We also know that those individuals came to carry out their orders: Kill Khashoggi and leave. Finally, we know that the order to kill Khashoggi came from the highest levels of the Saudi government." Writing that the murder had involved a "lot more than a group of security officials", President Erdogan called for "the puppet masters behind Khashoggi's killing" to be exposed. "No one should dare to commit such acts on the soil of a Nato ally again," he said. "If anyone chooses to ignore that warning, they will face severe consequences." He complained that no action had been taken against the Saudi consul general, who has left Turkey, and accused the Saudi public prosecutor of failing to co-operate with the investigation "and answer even simple questions". What do we know about the murder? The Saudis have admitted Khashoggi died at the consulate, while denying they know what happened to his body. A Turkish prosecutor said earlier this week that investigators believe the journalist was immediately strangled on entering the consulate, in a murder planned in advance. His body was then dismembered and destroyed "again, in line with advance plans", prosecutor Irfan Fidan said. Who was Khashoggi? Once an adviser to the Saudi royal family, Khashoggi fell out of favour with the government last year and went into self-imposed exile. He had become a sharp critic of the Saudi government and of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, who has been pioneering an ambitious economic and social reform programme in the country. Speaking at the memorial service in Washington, Daniel Balson from Amnesty International said the Saudi government needed to be held to account over the journalist's death. "For too long, they've operated under the impression that impunity is for them and that the rules are for others," he said. "They believe that a government critic can disappear in their diplomatic mission and that those who care about justice will not notice or if they notice they will not object or if they object, they will not remember. Well we've noticed and we're outraged and we will not forget."

সৌদি সাংবাদিক জামাল খাসোগজি হত্যার ঘটনায় প্রথমবারের মত সরাসরি সৌদি সরকারের বিরুদ্ধে অভিযোগ এনেছেন তুরস্কের প্রেসিডেন্ট রিচেপ তায়েপ এরদোয়ান ।

নিচের ইংরেজি লেখাটির একটি বাংলা সারসংক্ষেপ লিখুন

Two dormitories have been isolated: one with 13,000 workers and 63 cases, and one with 6,800 workers and 28 cases. They are typically home to men from South Asia who work in construction. The workers will be paid and given three meals a day - but some have complained of overcrowded and dirty conditions. Although Singapore was praised for its proactive response to the virus, the number of locally-transmitted cases is increasing - and a "lockdown" begins on Tuesday. What has the government announced? Two places are being sealed off - the S11 Dormitory at Punggol and the smaller Westlite Toh Guan dormitory. The government said cases in the dormitories were rising, and that isolation would "keep the workers safe [and] protect the wider community from widespread transmission". Workers are banned from leaving their blocks, and have been told not to mix with people who don't live in their room or floor. The number of people in a room varies between dormitories, but in 2015 the BBC visited a new complex which had 12 people per room. What are conditions like? The workers will get their salaries, and their employers are entitled to claim S$100 a day (£57, $67) to cover their wages. They will get three meals a day, plus masks, hand sanitisers, and thermometers. Temperatures must be recorded twice a day and there will be "on site medical support". But six workers in the Punggol dormitory told the Straits Times their centre already had cockroaches, overflowing toilets, and queues for food. Foreign worker dormitories are privately-run but must be licensed if they have more than 1,000 occupants. There are around 40 such places in Singapore. What is the virus situation in Singapore? Singapore has recorded more than 1,300 cases and six deaths. Although most cases were initially imported, local transmission is rising and on Sunday, 120 new cases were confirmed - the highest daily rise so far. On Friday, the government announced a so-called "circuit breaker" policy, similar to the lockdowns seen in other countries. Schools and non-essential businesses are set to close this week, and people have been encouraged to stay at home. How many foreign workers are there in Singapore? Some 5.7m people live in the tiny city-state, including 1.4m foreign workers (as of June 2019). Of the foreign workers, 284,000 are there under "construction work permits". Employers can apply for construction permits for workers from 12 places, including India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.

করোনাভাইরাস আক্রান্তের হার বেড়ে যাওয়া ঠেকাতে সিঙ্গাপুরে ২০ হাজার অভিবাসী শ্রমিককে কোয়ারেন্টিন করেছে দেশটির কর্তৃপক্ষ।