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<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Which private university in Lexington, Kentucky did American botanist, Charles Wilkins Short, attend? Context Charles Wilkins Short (October 6, 1794 – March 7, 1863) was an American botanist. He primarily worked in the state of Kentucky. Short discovered several species of plants and has six species of plants named after him. He attended Transylvania University and the University of Pennsylvania. In addition to being a botanist, he practiced medicine and taught materia medica. Short also owned a sizable herbarium. Short retired from teaching in 1849. Alice Carter Cook (April 8, 1868 – April 23, 1943), born Alice Carter, was an American botanist, who in 1888 received from Syracuse University the first PhD in botany granted to a woman by any American university. Carter was born in New York City on to parents Samuel Thompson Carter and Alantha Carter (née Pratt). Her father was a clergyman of nearby Huntington, New York. She studied at Mount Holyoke Seminary (now Mount Holyoke College) before enrolling at Syracuse for her doctorate. She subsequently taught at Mount Holyoke for three years before attending Cornell University where she earned a second graduate degree, an M.S. in botany, in 1892. That same year she married fellow botanist Orator Fuller Cook, and later accompanied him on expeditions to Africa and the Canary Islands. Guy N. Collins (August 19, 1872 – August 14, 1938) was an American botanist, plant explorer, and geneticist. He studied in Liberia and Puerto Rico with Orator Fuller Cook, and later became Principal Botanist in the USDA Division of Cereal Crops and Diseases. Collins was born in the hamlet of Mertensia, New York on August 19, 1872, and attended Syracuse University before dropping out to pursue botanical studies with Cook. He was close friends with David Fairchild. He died on August 14, 1938, from endocarditis, an infection of the heart. His nephew Harold Loomis was also a botanist who worked with Cook. Abel Aken Hunter (September 18, 1877 – April 6, 1935) was an American botanist notable for his contributions to science primarily in the collection of the orchids of Panama. From 1915-1935, he was a team member on scientifically significant orchid hunting expeditions with many of the collectors and researchers of the day: Charles Powell, George Pring, Carroll Dodge, Julian Steyermark, and Paul Allen. He earned his reputation in field work as an outgrowth of his friendship with Charles Powell. In a unique period in Panama's history, his first orchid collecting adventure took place with Powell during a fishing trip on the newly man-created Gatun Lake in 1912. By 1915, both Hunter and Powell were living and working in Balboa, Panama. As a hobby, Powell started an orchid garden. Beginning in 1918, the two men would spend leave periods from their employment on extended collecting expeditions: their mission morphing over the years from that of hobby collecting to systematic scientific collecting. In 1919, Powell submitted their findings for identification to German botanist Rudolf Schlechter who published, in 1922, "Orchidaceae Powellianae Panamenses", a 95-page study of Powell's Panama orchids—Schlechter naming five of the new to science species to honor Hunter. Robert Ornduff (1932–2000) was an American botanist. He was Director of the University and Jepson Herbaria, Director of the University of California Botanical Garden, Executive Director of the Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science, and Chair of the (former) Department of Botany and Professor of Integrative Biology at the University of California at Berkeley. Botanist Phyllis M. Faber said of him following his death, ""his extensive knowledge and love of the California flora remains unmatched. Sullivan University is profit based and licensed to offer bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees by the Kentucky Council on Postsecondary Education in accordance with the provisions of KRS 164.945-164.99, based in Louisville, Kentucky and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools—the first for-profit college or university to receive this accreditation. Sullivan University currently has physical campuses in Louisville, Lexington, and Fort Knox, and an online campus. With approximately 6,000 students, Sullivan is Kentucky's largest private university. Andrew Carter Thornton II (1945–1985) was a former narcotics officer and lawyer who became the head member of "The Company", a drug smuggling ring in Kentucky. The son of Carter and Peggy Thornton of Threave Main Stud farm in southern Bourbon County, Kentucky, Thornton grew up living a privileged life in the Lexington, Kentucky area and attended the prestigious private Sayre School and the Iroquois Polo Club along with other Lexington blue bloods. He later transferred to Sewanee Military Academy and then joined the army as a paratrooper. After quitting the army, he became a Lexington police officer on the narcotics task force. He then attended the University of Kentucky Law School. During his tenure, he began smuggling. Amos Eaton (17 May 1776 – 10 May 1842) was an American botanist, geologist, and educator who is considered the founder of the modern scientific prospectus in education, which was a radical departure from the American liberal arts tradition of classics, religious classes, lecture, and recitation. Eaton co-founded the Rensselaer School in 1824 with Stephen van Rensselaer III "in the application of science to the common purposes of life". His books in the eighteenth century were among the first published for which a systematic treatment of the United States was attempted, and in a language that all could read. His teaching laboratory for botany in the 1820s was the first of its kind in the country. Eaton's popular lectures and writings inspired numerous thinkers, in particular women, whom he encouraged to attend his public talks on experimental philosophy. Emma Willard would found the Troy Female Seminary (Emma Willard School), and Mary Mason Lyon, the Mount Holyoke Female Seminary (Mount Holyoke College). Eaton held the rank of senior professor at Rensselaer until his death in 1842. Shortia is a small genus of subshrubs or perennial herbs in the family Diapensiaceae. There are five species, four in Asia and one in the Appalachian Mountains of eastern North America. They are found in mountainous areas, generally from 1000 – elevation. All have restricted ranges and are generally considered rare. Three of the species, "S. galacifolia", "S. soldanelloides", and "S. uniflora" are often cultivated. The genus was by Asa Gray named after botanist Charles Wilkins Short. In Gray's diary entry for April 8, 1839, he named the genus after Charles Wilkins Short because the plant was native to America in a region close to where Short lived, which was Kentucky. Short and Gray never met but they corresponded with one another frequently. Short never saw a live nor dried specimen of his namesake genus. Transylvania University is a private university in Lexington, Kentucky, United States. It was founded in 1780, making it the first university in Kentucky and among the oldest in the United States. It offers 36 major programs, as well as dual-degree engineering programs, and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. Transylvania's name, meaning "across the woods" in Latin, stems from the university's founding in the heavily forested region of western Virginia known as the Transylvania Colony, which became most of Kentucky in 1792. Transylvania is the alma mater of two U.S. vice presidents, two U.S. Supreme Court justices, fifty U.S. senators, 101 U.S. representatives, 36 U.S. governors, and 34 U.S. ambassadors, making it a large producer of U.S. statesmen. Its medical program graduated 8,000 physicians by 1859. Its enduring footprint, both in national and Southern academia, make it among the most prolific cultural establishments and the most storied institutions in the South. [/INST] Answer: Transylvania University </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Who died at a younger age, Carl Maria von Weber or Giuseppe Verdi? Context Carl Maria von Weber's Symphony No. 1 in C was written in 1806–1807. While not usually acknowledged as among Weber's greatest works (a fact readily admitted by Weber himself), it is a testament to the young composer's gift of melody. Carl Maria Friedrich Ernst von Weber (18 or 19 November 1786 5 June 1826) was a German composer, conductor, pianist, guitarist and critic, and was one of the first significant composers of the Romantic school. Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi (] ; 9 or 10 October 1813 – 27 January 1901) was an Italian opera composer. Euryanthe is a German "grand, heroic, romantic" opera by Carl Maria von Weber, first performed at the Theater am Kärntnertor, Vienna on 25 October 1823. Though acknowledged as one of Weber's most important operas, the work is rarely staged because of the weak libretto by Helmina von Chézy (who, incidentally, was also the author of the failed play "Rosamunde", for which Franz Schubert wrote music). "Euryanthe" is based on the 13th-century romance ""L'Histoire du très-noble et chevalereux prince Gérard, comte de Nevers et la très-virtueuse et très chaste princesse Euriant de Savoye, sa mye."" Carl Maria von Weber's Concerto for Bassoon in F Major, Op. 75 (J. 127) was composed in 1811 for Munich court musician Georg Friedrich Brandt, and then revised in 1822. Primarily an opera conductor and composer, Weber had only arrived a few months earlier in Munich, where he was extremely well received. The concerto is one of two pieces written for bassoon by Weber, the other being "Andante e Rondo Ungarese", Op. 35 (J. 158). A typical performance lasts 18–20 minutes. Wiener Carneval ("Viennese Carnival"), opus 3, is a waltz composed by Johann Strauss I in 1828. The waltz was intended as a contribution to the carnival of 1828 Johann Strauss appeared as leader of a group of musicians at the balls at the Kettenbrücke in Leopoldstadt. The fourth waltz theme incorporates melodies from Carl Maria von Weber's Ocean aria from Oberon, with Rezia’s words "Mein Hüon, mein Gatte, die Retter, sie nah’n" ("My Hüon, my husband, the rescuers approach"), partly as a tribute to Weber, who had died not long before Strauss' waltz was composed. The "Carl Maria von Weber" College of Music (Hochschule für Musik "Carl Maria von Weber" in German, and also/formerly known as Dresden Conservatory or Dresden Royal Conservatory) is a college of music in Dresden, Germany. Silvana, J. 87, is an opera by Carl Maria von Weber, first performed in Frankfurt am Main on 16 September 1810. The libretto, by , is a reworking of an earlier, unsuccessful opera by Weber, "Das Waldmädchen ". Weber also reused music from the same piece in "Silvana". Genovefa Weber, née Brenner (2 January 1764 – 13 March 1798) was a German opera singer and actress. She was born in Oberdorf, Allgäu, Germany and died in Salzburg, Austria. She was the mother of composer Carl Maria von Weber. The Clarinet Quintet in B♭ Major, Op. 34, is a clarinet quintet that was composed by Carl Maria von Weber from 1811 to 1815. Like with most of Weber's other clarinet compositions, the quintet was written for the German clarinet virtuoso Heinrich Baermann. [/INST] Answer: Carl Maria Friedrich Ernst von Weber </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Quest for Fire, a French-Canadian adventure film written by Jean-Jacques Annaud, is set in which European era? Context Wings of Courage is a 1995 American-French drama film directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud. The 40-minute film was written by Annaud with Alain Godard. It was the first dramatic film shot in the IMAX format, and the first 3-D IMAX film. Jean-Jacques Annaud (born 1 October 1943) is a French film director, screenwriter and producer, best known for directing "Quest for Fire" (1981), "The Name of the Rose" (1986), "The Bear" (1988), "The Lover" (1992), and "Seven Years in Tibet" (1997). Annaud has received numerous awards for his work, including five César Awards, one David di Donatello Award, and one National Academy of Cinema Award. Annaud's first film, "Black and White in Color" (1976), received an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. Running Free is a 2000 film about a horse born into slavery in 1914. The film began production in 1999 and was released in the US in 2000. It was directed by Sergei Bodrov, written and produced by Jean-Jacques Annaud, narrated by Lukas Haas, and distributed by Columbia Pictures. Seven Years in Tibet is a 1997 American biographical war drama film based on the 1952 book of the same name written by Austrian mountaineer Heinrich Harrer on his experiences in Tibet between 1944 and 1951 during World War II, the interim period, and the Chinese People's Liberation Army's invasion of Tibet in 1950. Directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud and starring Brad Pitt and David Thewlis, the score was composed by John Williams and features cellist Yo-Yo Ma. Black and White in Color (French: La Victoire en chantant , then Noirs et Blancs en couleur for the 1977 re-issue) is a 1976 war film and black comedy directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud in his directorial debut. It depicts French colonists at war with the Germans in Central Africa during World War I, and is set the then German colony of Kamerun. The film adopts a strong antimilitaristic point of view, and is noteworthy for ridiculing the French side even more harshly than their German counterparts. The Lover (French: L'Amant ) is a 1992 drama film produced by Claude Berri and directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud. Based on the semi-autobiographical 1984 novel by Marguerite Duras, the film details the illicit affair between a teenage French girl and a wealthy Chinese man in 1929 French Indochina. In the screenplay written by Annaud and Gérard Brach, the 15 1/2-year-old protagonist is portrayed by actress Jane March, who turned eighteen shortly after filming began. Her lover is portrayed by actor Tony Leung Ka-fai. The film features full-frontal male and female nudity. The 51st annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from February 7 to 18, 2001. The festival opened with war-drama film "Enemy at the Gates" by Jean-Jacques Annaud. 70 mm restored version of Stanley Kubrick's 1968 Sci-fi film "" was the closing film of the festival. The Golden Bear was awarded to French-British film "Intimacy" directed by Patrice Chéreau. Enemy at the Gates is a 2001 French-American war film written and directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud and based on William Craig's 1973 nonfiction book "", which describes the events surrounding the Battle of Stalingrad in the winter of 1942 and 1943. The film's main character is a fictionalized version of sniper Vasily Zaytsev, a Hero of the Soviet Union during World War II. It includes a snipers' duel between Zaytsev and a "Wehrmacht" sniper school director, Major Erwin König. The Bear (known as L'Ours in its original release) is a 1988 French film directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud and released by TriStar Pictures. Adapted from the novel "The Grizzly King" (1916) by American author James Oliver Curwood, the screenplay was written by Gérard Brach. Set in late 19th-century British Columbia, Canada, the film tells the story of an orphaned bear cub who befriends an adult male grizzly as hunters pursue them through the wild. Several of the themes explored in the story include orphanhood, peril and protection, and mercy toward and on the behalf of a reformed hunter. Quest for Fire (French: La Guerre du feu ) is a 1981 French-Canadian adventure film directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud, written by Gérard Brach and starring Everett McGill, Ron Perlman, Nameer El-Kadi and Rae Dawn Chong. It is a film adaptation of the 1911 homonymous Belgian novel by J.-H. Rosny. The story is set in Paleolithic Europe (80,000 years ago), with its plot surrounding the struggle for control of fire by early humans. It won the Academy Award for Makeup. [/INST] Answer: Paleolithic Europe </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question The Independent featured a cameo by which actress and comedian? Context Kicking Harold is an alternative hard rock band from Los Angeles, California that has been active since the mid-1990s. With the success of popular songs like "Kill You" and "Down on You" they secured a major label release of their indie album, "Ugly & Festering", on MCA Records in 1996. The albums "Return of the Bulb Men" (1997) and "Space Age Breakdown" (2002) followed on independent record labels, with Kicking Harold's song "Gasoline" from "Space Age Breakdown" being featured as the theme to TLC's hit automobile make-over show, "Overhaulin'". In 2009, Kicking Harold's singer/guitarist brought the band out of mothballs due to the continuing success of "Gasoline" and released their fourth album, "Zombies, Cars & Evil Guitars" in 2010 with the 5th full length album, "Red Light District" following in January 2015. The new album features an updated version of their out of print hit "Kill You" as its debut single accompanied by a long overdue music video, filled with "vine style" digital sleight of hand effects and a cameo surprise ending by actress, Mary Carey. The Cameo Theatre was built in 1936 and is located at 1445 Washington Avenue in Miami Beach, Florida. The Cameo has a long history and was a major venue for punk and hardcore acts beginning in 1985 when Richard Shelter struck a deal with Cameo owner Zori Hayon to book shows there. According to the "Miami New Times", Richard Shelter's first Cameo event was held in July 1985 and featured D.O.A. Sheriff Andrew "Andy" Jackson Taylor and in earlier episodes as Cousin Andy by Barney Fife is the major character on "The Andy Griffith Show", an American sitcom which aired on CBS, (1960–1968). He also appears in the "Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C." episode "Opie Joins the Marines", made a cameo appearance in the USMC episode "Gomer Goes Home," five episodes of "Mayberry R.F.D." (1968–1971) and the reunion telemovie "Return to Mayberry" (1986). The character made his initial appearance in an episode of "The Danny Thomas Show" entitled "Danny Meets Andy Griffith." In the CBS special "The Andy Griffith - Don Knotts - Jim Nabors Show" (1965), Andy and Barney are featured in a musical sketch about their friendship and recreate some classic moments between the characters. Andy Griffith, as Sheriff Taylor, also has a brief comedy cameo in "Rowan and Martin at the Movies" (1969), a PSA short subject promoting the purchase of U.S. Savings Bonds. Andy Taylor appeared in all 249 episodes of "The Andy Griffith Show" and was played by comedian and actor Andy Griffith. Borat! Cultural Learnings of America for Make Benefit Glorious Nation of Kazakhstan (or simply Borat) is a 2006 British-American mockumentary comedy film written and produced by British comedian Sacha Baron Cohen who also plays the title character, Borat Sagdiyev, a fictitious Kazakh journalist travelling through the United States recording real-life interactions with Americans. The film was directed by Larry Charles and distributed by 20th Century Fox. Much of the film features unscripted vignettes of Borat interviewing and interacting with Americans, who believe he is a foreigner with little or no understanding of American customs. It is the second of three films built around Baron Cohen's characters from "Da Ali G Show" (2000–04): the first, "Ali G Indahouse", was released in 2002, and featured a cameo by Borat, and the third, "Brüno", was released in 2009. The film is produced by Baron Cohen's production company, Four By Two Productions ("Four By Two" is Cockney rhyming slang for "Jew"). Exit Strategy is a 2012 American independent romantic comedy film directed by Michael Whitton and starring Jameel Saleem, Kimelia Weathers, Quincy "QDeezy" Harris, with cameo appearances by L.A. radio host Big Boy and stand-up comedian Kevin Hart. Saleem plays a man whose main goal is to not get the girl, but to lose her—thus marketed as a self-described "un-romantic comedy." The film originated as a seven-part web series that had been running since 2007. Anne Meara (September 20, 1929 – May 23, 2015) was an American actress and comedian. Along with her husband, Jerry Stiller, she was one-half of a prominent 1960s comedy team, Stiller and Meara. She was also featured on stage, television, in numerous films, and later became a playwright. The Cameo is an Edinburgh cinema which started life as the King's Cinema on 8 January 1914 and is one of the oldest cinemas in Scotland still in use. Since becoming the Cameo in 1949, it has been an independent cinema with a tradition of showing art house films. From 1949 onward it has been an important venue for the Edinburgh International Film Festival. It is at Tollcross, and since 1992 has been a three-screen cinema. The Cameo is currently part of the Picturehouse chain, owned by Cineworld. Parineeta ("The Married Woman") is a 2005 Indian musical romantic drama film adaptation of the 1914 Bengali novella, "Parineeta" by Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay. Directed by debutant Pradeep Sarkar, it was based upon a screenplay by the film's producer, Vidhu Vinod Chopra. The film featured Vidya Balan (In her Bollywood Debut), Saif Ali Khan and Sanjay Dutt in the lead roles. Raima Sen plays the supporting role of Lalita's chirpy cousin. Sabyasachi Chakrabarty plays the pivotal role of Shekhar's father. Diya Mirza, with a cameo appearance as Shekhar's fiancé and Rekha, with a cameo performance of a night club (Moulin Rouge) singer, are other notable performances. The Independent is a mockumentary comedy film made in 2000, directed by Stephen Kessler and starring Jerry Stiller and Janeane Garofalo. Stiller portrays an independent film maker who makes little-known B movies with titles like "Twelve Angry Men and a Baby". The film spoofs independent directors and independent film. The movie features Max Perlich and cameos by Anne Meara, Ron Howard, Roger Corman, Peter Bogdanovich, John Lydon, Ben Stiller, Andy Dick, Fred Dryer, Jonathan Katz, Fred Williamson, Karen Black, Nick Cassavetes, Julie Strain and adult film actress Ginger Lynn. The fictional career of Morty Fineman (Stiller) includes having made 427 films, although it is not specified as to whether he directed them all or if it refers to films produced or written by the Fineman character. The theme song "The Love Song For 'The Independent"' is performed by Nancy Sinatra. Rachel "Sparkle" Glusman (April 14, 1915 - October 6, 2005) was an American actress. Born in the Russian Empire, the 4' 2" actress came to the United States with her family and worked in show business on a free lance basis while raising a family. Glusman was a background and unaccredited actress for many years which is why there is little credit or history for much of her work until receiving a few credited cameo roles late in life. Immediately following the filming of her cameo in "Dirty Deeds", she died in her sleep of natural causes in Los Angeles in October 2005. [/INST] Answer: Anne Meara </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Are Cheyenne Regional Airport and Phoenix–Mesa Gateway Airport both located in the US? Context Cheyenne Regional Airport (IATA: CYS, ICAO: KCYS, FAA LID: CYS) (Jerry Olson Field) is a civil-military airport a mile north of downtown Cheyenne, in Laramie County, Wyoming. The Cheyenne Regional Airport Board owns it. Ozark Air Lines Flight 650 was a regularly scheduled flight from Sioux Gateway Airport in Sioux City, Iowa, to Sioux Falls Regional Airport in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. While landing on runway 3 in a snow storm on December 20, 1983, it struck a snow plow on the runway. The impact ripped the right wing from the plane destroying the snow plow and killing its driver. The leaking fuel from the wing briefly created a fireball that engulfed the airplane. The plane spun through 180° before coming to rest off the runway to the left of the center line. Passenger evacuation was initiated through the front two doors. No passengers were injured in the evacuation but two flight attendants suffered minor injuries. Ballina Byron Gateway Airport (IATA: BNK, ICAO: YBNA) is a small regional airport located at Ballina, New South Wales, Australia. It is owned and operated by Ballina Shire Council. Jessica Whitney Dubroff (May 5, 1988 – April 11, 1996) was a seven-year-old girl who died while attempting to become the youngest person to fly a light utility aircraft across the United States. On day-two of her quest, the Cessna 177B Cardinal single engine propeller aircraft, piloted by her flight instructor, crashed during a rainstorm immediately after takeoff from Cheyenne Regional Airport in Cheyenne, Wyoming, killing Dubroff, her 57-year-old father, and her flight instructor. Cheyenne Regional Medical Center (CRMC) is a hospital located in Cheyenne, Wyoming, USA. CRMC is divided into three campuses. Provo Municipal Airport (IATA: PVU, ICAO: KPVU, FAA LID: PVU) is a public airport two miles (3 km) west of Provo, in Utah County, Utah. The airport hosts Allegiant Air flights to four airports, one in Arizona and three in California - Phoenix/Mesa Gateway Airport, Los Angeles International Airport, San Diego International Airport and Oakland International Airport. It is the second busiest public airport in Utah by aircraft movements, with 172,000 aircraft operations in the year ending May 2007. Kissimmee Gateway Airport (IATA: ISM, ICAO: KISM, FAA LID: ISM) , formerly known as Kissimmee Municipal Airport, is a public airport in Kissimmee, a city in Osceola County, Florida, United States. The airport is located 16 nautical miles (30 km) southwest of the central business district of Orlando. It is owned and operated by the City of Kissimmee. Lake City Gateway Airport (IATA: LCQ, ICAO: KLCQ, FAA LID: LCQ) is a city owned, public use airport located three nautical miles (6 km) east of the central business district of Lake City, in Columbia County, Florida, United States. Formerly known as Lake City Municipal Airport, it is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a "general aviation" facility. Grand Junction Regional Airport (IATA: KGJT, ICAO: GJT) is a public airport three miles northeast of Grand Junction, in Mesa County, Colorado. Owned by the Grand Junction Regional Airport Authority, it is the largest airport in western Colorado and third largest in the state, behind Denver International Airport and Colorado Springs Airport. Phoenix–Mesa Gateway Airport (IATA: AZA, ICAO: KIWA, FAA LID: IWA) , formerly Williams Gateway Airport (1994–2008) and Williams Air Force Base (1941–1993), is in the southeastern area of Mesa, Arizona, and 20 mi southeast of Phoenix, in Maricopa County, Arizona. The airport is owned and operated by the Phoenix–Mesa Gateway Airport Authority, and is a reliever airport for Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport. It is a base for Allegiant Air. The airport authority is governed by a six-member board: the mayors and tribal governor of the town of Gilbert, city of Mesa, town of Queen Creek, Gila River Indian Community, city of Phoenix, and the city of Apache Junction. [/INST] Answer: yes </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Who is the director of a 1992 American action-thriller film in which Troy Evans appeared? Context Into the Blue is a 2005 American action-thriller film starring Paul Walker, Jessica Alba, Scott Caan, Ashley Scott, Josh Brolin, and James Frain. The film was directed by John Stockwell and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and Columbia Pictures. Extreme Justice is a 1993 American action-thriller film directed by Mark L. Lester and starring Lou Diamond Phillips, Scott Glenn and Chelsea Field. Originally intended to be released theatrically in April 1993, Trimark Pictures cancels its release due to the 1992 Los Angeles riots and shifted the film to air on HBO on June 26, 1993 as a world premiere. Heat is a 1986 American action-thriller film about an ex-mercenary working as a bodyguard in Las Vegas. The film was written by William Goldman, based on his 1985 novel of the same name. "Heat" was directed by Dick Richards and Jerry Jameson. The film stars Burt Reynolds, Karen Young, Peter MacNicol, Howard Hesseman, Neill Barry, and Joseph Mascolo. F/X (also known as or subtitled Murder by Illusion) is a 1986 American action-thriller film directed by Robert Mandel, written by Gregory Fleeman and Robert T. Megginson, and starring Bryan Brown, Brian Dennehy, Diane Venora, and Cliff De Young. The film follows an expert (Brown) in the art of special effects (F/X) with a reputation built by his work on many low-budget hack-and-slash films such as "I Dismember Mama". The Department of Justice hires him to stage the murder of a gangster about to enter the Witness Protection Program. He agrees, but then things get complicated. Meanwhile, a New York City police detective (Dennehy) is investigating the faked murder and cannot understand why the Justice Department is even less helpful than usual. Under Siege is a 1992 American action-thriller film directed by Andrew Davis and written by J.F. Lawton. It stars Steven Seagal as an ex-Navy SEAL who must stop a group of mercenaries, led by Tommy Lee Jones and Gary Busey, on the U.S. Navy battleship USS "Missouri". It is Seagal's most successful film in critical and financial terms, including two Academy Award nominations for sound production. The musical score was composed by Gary Chang. It was followed by a 1995 sequel, "". Extraction is a 2015 American action-thriller film directed by Steven C. Miller and written by Umair Aleem. The film stars Kellan Lutz, Bruce Willis, Gina Carano, D. B. Sweeney, Dan Bilzerian and Steve Coulter. The film was released on December 18, 2015, in a limited release, and through video on demand by Lionsgate Premiere. Thunder Run is a 1986 American action-thriller film starring Forrest Tucker and John Ireland. It was developed by special-effects expert Clifford Wenger Sr. and his wife, Carol Lynn. During the 1980s it was frequently aired on cable channels such as Showtime and The Movie Channel where it developed a cult following. The film is notable for an action sequence in which an 18-wheeler jumps over a train. Nighthawks is a 1981 American action-thriller film directed by Bruce Malmuth and starring Sylvester Stallone, Rutger Hauer, Billy Dee Williams, Lindsay Wagner, Persis Khambatta and Nigel Davenport. Its score was composed by Keith Emerson. The film was noted for production problems. Troy Evans (born February 16, 1948) is an American actor who is perhaps best known for his role as Desk Clerk Francis "Frank" Martin in the television drama series "ER." He has also appeared in the movies "Tiger Cruise" (Disney Channel original movie), "", "Under Siege", "Teen Wolf", "Kuffs", "Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas", "Black Dahlia", "Demolition Man", "The Frighteners", and "View From the Top" among others. He voiced Thistle Jinn in the 2013 animated adventure film "Epic". Premium Rush is a 2012 American action-thriller film directed by David Koepp and written by Koepp and John Kamps. The film stars Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Michael Shannon, Dania Ramirez and Jamie Chung. It follows a bicycle messenger chased around New York City by a corrupt police officer who wants an envelope the messenger has. It was released on August 24, 2012 by Columbia Pictures. [/INST] Answer: Andrew Davis </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Kim Ok-bin (born December 29, 1986) is a South Korean actress, Kim made her debut in an online beauty contest in 2004, and began her acting career with a role in 2005 film "Voice", Voice is a 2005 South Korean horror film, and which number installment of the "Whispering Corridors" film series? Context Cheon Soo-yeon (born Cheon Seong-im on August 15, 1981), better known by her stage name Song Ji-hyo, is a South Korean actress and model. She made her acting debut in "Wishing Stairs" (2003), one of the horror "Whispering Corridors film series". She then received further recognition for her roles in the romantic comedy drama "Princess Hours" (2006), the historical drama "Jumong" (2006), the historical film "A Frozen Flower" (2008), the crime film "New World" (2013), the romantic comedy drama "Emergency Couple" (2014), and family melodrama "My Wife's Having an Affair this Week" (2016). Whispering Corridors (; also known as Ghost School and Ghost School Horror) is a South Korean horror film series. The series uses an all-girls high school as the backdrop for each of its films and doesn't share a continuing plot. Every "Whispering Corridors" film features a different plot, characters and settings. The series is notable for helping generate the explosion of the New Korean Wave cinematic movement, and dealing with taboo topics such as authoritarianism in the harsh South Korean education system, gay relationships and teen suicide, following the liberalization of censorship. Kim Ok-bin (born December 29, 1986) is a South Korean actress. Kim made her debut in an online beauty contest in 2004, and began her acting career with a role in 2005 film "Voice". Subsequent appearances include the television drama series "Over the Rainbow" and films such as "Dasepo Naughty Girls" and "The Accidental Gangster and the Mistaken Courtesan". Kim has received several award nominations, and won Best Actress at the 2009 Sitges Film Festival for her role in "Thirst". Whispering Corridors () is a 1998 South Korean horror film. It was part of the explosion in Korean cinema following the liberalization of censorship in the aftermath of the end of the country's military dictatorship, and makes a strong social commentary on authoritarianism and conformity in the harsh South Korean education system. Voice ( also known as Whispering Corridors 4: Voice and Voice Letter) is a 2005 South Korean horror film, and the fourth installment of the "Whispering Corridors" film series. This film was the debut film for its three young actresses, as well as director Choi Ik-Hwan, who had served as an assistant director on the first film of the series. Yoon Ji-hye (born November 10, 1979) is a South Korean actress. Yoon made her acting debut in the 1998 horror movie "Whispering Corridors". She has since starred in films such as "Possible Changes" (2004), "No Mercy for the Rude" (2006), and "", as well as the television series "Que Sera, Sera" (2007). Wishing Stairs ( also known as Whispering Corridors 3: Wishing Stairs) is a 2003 South Korean horror film. It is the third installment of the "Whispering Corridors" film series set in girls high schools, but, as with all films in the series, is unrelated to the others; apart from a song being sung in one scene that is a pivotal plot in "Voice". A Blood Pledge (Hangul: 여고괴담 5: 동반자살 ; RR: "Yeogogoedam 5: dongbandjasal " ; also known as Whispering Corridors 5: A Blood Pledge and Suicide Pact) is a K-Horror film, and the fifth installment of the "Whispering Corridors" series of South Korean horror films set in girls' high schools that began with 1998's film of the same name. Aside from the setting and overall themes, it is unrelated to the other films in the series. Memento Mori ( also known as Whispering Corridors 2: Memento Mori) is a 1999 South Korean horror film, and the second installment of the "Whispering Corridors" film series. It is a sequel to 1998's "Whispering Corridors", and is also set in an all-girls high school, but the films are otherwise unrelated. "Memento Mori" was one of the first Korean commercial films to depict lesbian characters. However, prevailing Korean attitudes constrained its potential to be widely viewed, even more so as the controversial themes targeted the teen demographic. Dead Friend (; lit. "The Ghost") is a 2004 South Korean horror film. It is one of a number of South Korean horror films set in high school; the trend began with 1998's "Whispering Corridors". [/INST] Answer: fourth </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question What is the net worth of the American businessman who argued that The Science of Success was a credible book because of its author's business success? Context Thomas Boone Pickens Jr. (born May 22, 1928), known as T. Boone Pickens, is an American business magnate and financier. Pickens chairs the hedge fund BP Capital Management. He was a well-known takeover operator and corporate raider during the 1980s. As of November, 2016, Pickens has a net worth of $500 million. According to Forbes 2014 ranking of the world's billionaires, Nigerian business magnate Aliko Dangote with a net worth of $25 billion is the world's richest black person. Others on the list are Nigeria's Mike Adenuga with $4.6 billion, American media mogul Oprah Winfrey with a net worth of $3.9 billion (2015) and South African gold magnate Patrice Motsepe, with $2.9 billion, Nigeria's Folorunsho Alakija with $2.5 billion and Mo Ibrahim, a British billionaire of Sudanese Nubian ancestry, who has been on the "Forbes" Billionaire list since 2008 and in 2012 had a net worth of $1.1 billion. Anthony Joseph Pratt (born 11 April 1960 in Melbourne, Victoria), an Australian businessman and billionaire, is the Executive Chairman of Visy Industries and Pratt Industries in America, which is the world’s largest privately owned packaging and paper company. According to the 2017 "Financial Review" Rich List, Pratt and his family have a net worth of A$ 12.60 billion; making Pratt and his family the richest in Australia. "Forbes" assessed Pratt's net worth in 2016 at 4.2 billion; listing his sisters' wealth independently. Ivan Chrenko (born 1967/68) is a Slovak billionaire businessman, the chairman and majority owner of the Slovak real estate development company HB Reavis. In March 2017, with an estimate net worth of US$1.1 billion, Chrenko became the first ever Slovak billionaire, according to "Forbes". Prior to Chrenko, Andrej Babiš became the first person of Slovak origin with a net worth above $1 billion, but he later became a citizen of the Czech Republic. Asset poverty is an economic and social condition that is more persistent and prevalent than income poverty. It can be defined as a household’s inability to access wealth resources that are sufficient to provide for basic needs for a period of three months. Basic needs refer to the minimum standards for consumption and acceptable needs. Wealth resources consist of home ownership, other real estate (second home, rented properties, etc.), net value of farm and business assets, stocks, checking and savings accounts, and other savings (money in savings bonds, life insurance policy cash values, etc.). Wealth is measured in three forms: net worth, net worth minus home equity, and liquid assets. Net worth consists of all the aspects mentioned above. Net worth minus home equity is the same except it does not include home ownership in asset calculations. Liquid assets are resources that are readily available such as cash, checking and savings accounts, stocks, and other sources of savings. There are two types of assets: tangible and intangible. Tangible assets most closely resemble liquid assets in that they include stocks, bonds, property, natural resources, and hard assets not in the form of real estate. Intangible assets are simply the access to credit, social capital, cultural capital, political capital, and human capital. Tamir Sapir (birth name Temur Sepiashvili, Georgian: თემურ სეფიაშვილი ); 1946/1947 – September 26, 2014) was an American businessman and investor from the former Soviet republic of Georgia who made millions bartering fertilizer and oil with the Soviets in the 1980s; he took most of his money and put it into New York real-estate. He was included in "The 400 Richest Americans List" of September 2008 (#246), with a net worth of $1.9 billion. In March 2010, he ranked 721st on "Forbes"<nowiki>'</nowiki> list of billionaires, with a net worth of $1.4 billion. David Peter John Ross (born 10 July 1965) is an English businessman and one of the co-founders (with Charles Dunstone and Guy Johnson) of Carphone Warehouse. At the peak valuation of his business interests in 2008, Ross was one of the 100 richest people in the United Kingdom. In 2008, "Forbes" ranked him #843 in the world's richest billionaires; his net worth was estimated at US$1.4 billion. In April 2015, the Sunday Times estimated his net worth at £1.0 billion The Halo Effect is a book by business academic Phil Rosenzweig that criticizes pseudoscientific tendencies in the explanation of business performance. The book was published by Free Press on February 6, 2007. As well as many business magazines and newspapers, the text targets specific books (those that offer secrets of guaranteed business success) and academic research published by business schools. It outlines nine "delusions": mistakes of reasoning that undermine these recipes for business success. In light of these mistakes, Rosenzweig argues, much of business writing is what Richard Feynman called "cargo cult science", having the superficial trappings of science but operating at the level of story-telling. The book also considers some more scientific business research, whose conclusions are more rigorous but do not promise a simple recipe for success. The subtitle of the 2007 US edition is "and the Eight Other Business Delusions that Deceive Managers" while that of the 2008 UK edition is "How Managers Let Themselves Be Deceived". The Science of Success: How Market-Based Management Built the World's Largest Private Company is a book written by Charles Koch in which he delineates his philosophy of Market Based Management (MBM). Koch, the CEO of Koch Industries, Inc., wrote it in 2007. While many similarly-titled books by other authors exist, T. Boone Pickens argues that Koch's immense personal business success lends credibility to the book's concept. Björgólfur Guðmundsson (born 2 January 1941 in Reykjavík, Iceland) was the chairman and former owner of West Ham United FC. Björgólfur was Iceland's second businessman worth more than a billion dollars — his son, Björgólfur Thor Björgólfsson being the first. He was at one time the majority owner and chairman of the now nationalised Icelandic bank Landsbanki, the second largest company in Iceland. He was ranked by "Forbes" magazine in March 2008 as the 1014th-richest person in the world, with a net worth of $1.1 billion. In December of the same year Forbes revalued his net worth to $0 and on 31 July 2009 he was declared bankrupt by the Icelandic courts with debts of almost £500 million (96 billion ISK). [/INST] Answer: $500 million </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question North by North Quahog, is which episode of the fourth season of "Family Guy", following the revival of the series three years after its cancellation in 2002, written by series creator Seth MacFarlane, Seth Woodbury MacFarlane (born October 26, 1973) is an American actor, filmmaker, comedian, and singer, working primarily in animation and comedy, as well as live-action and other genres? Context Family Guy: Live in Vegas is a soundtrack album for the American animated television series "Family Guy". It was released on April 26, 2005 by Geffen Records. It was composed by Walter Murphy and creator Seth MacFarlane. The album features only one song from the series, the theme song, the rest of the songs were composed exclusively for the album. It features vocals from Seth MacFarlane, Alex Borstein, Seth Green, Mike Henry, Mila Kunis, Adam West and Lori Alan, as well as Jason Alexander, Patti LuPone and Haylie Duff as guest stars. It includes Rat Pack- and Broadway-inspired songs. "Family Guy"'s fifth season first aired on the Fox network in eighteen episodes from September 10, 2006 to May 20, 2007 before being released as two DVD box sets and in syndication. It premiered with the episode "Stewie Loves Lois" and finished with "Meet the Quagmires". The series follows the dysfunctional Griffin family—father Peter, mother Lois, daughter Meg, son Chris, baby Stewie and Brian, the family pet, who reside in their hometown of Quahog. The executive producers for the fifth season were David Goodman, Chris Sheridan, Danny Smith and series creator Seth MacFarlane. Sheridan and Goodman served as showrunners for the fifth season. "Family Guy"'s eighth season first aired on the Fox network in twenty-one episodes from September 27, 2009 to May 23, 2010 before being released as two DVD box sets and in syndication. It ran on Sunday nights between May and July 2010 on BBC Three in the UK. The animated television series "Family Guy" follows the dysfunctional Griffin family—father Peter, mother Lois, daughter Meg, son Chris, baby Stewie and dog Brian, all of whom reside in their hometown of Quahog. The eighth season, which premiered with the episode "Road to the Multiverse" and ended with "Something, Something, Something, Dark Side", was executive produced by Chris Sheridan, David Goodman, Danny Smith, Mark Hentemann, Steve Callaghan and series creator Seth MacFarlane. The season's showrunners were Hentemann and Callaghan, both of whom replaced previous showrunners Goodman and Sheridan. The first season of the animated comedy series "Family Guy" aired on Fox from January 31 to May 16, 1999, and consisted of seven episodes. The series follows the dysfunctional Griffin family—father Peter, mother Lois, daughter Meg, son Chris, son Stewie and their anthropomorphic dog Brian, all of whom reside in their hometown of Quahog. The show features the voices of series creator Seth MacFarlane, Alex Borstein, Seth Green, and Lacey Chabert in the roles of the Griffin family. The executive producers for the first season were David Zuckerman and MacFarlane. "Family Guy"'s seventh season first aired on the Fox network in sixteen episodes from September 28, 2008 to May 17, 2009 before being released as two DVD box sets and syndicated. The animated television series follows the dysfunctional Griffin family (father Peter, mother Lois, daughter Meg, son Chris, baby Stewie and their anthropomorphic dog Brian), who reside in the town of Quahog. The show features the voices of series creator Seth MacFarlane, Alex Borstein, Seth Green, and Mila Kunis in the roles of the Griffin family. The executive producers for the seventh season were MacFarlane, Danny Smith, David Goodman and Chris Sheridan. Goodman and Sheridan served as showrunners for season seven. Seth Woodbury MacFarlane (born October 26, 1973) is an American actor, filmmaker, comedian, and singer, working primarily in animation and comedy, as well as live-action and other genres. MacFarlane is the creator of the TV series "Family Guy" (1999–2003, 2005–present) and "The Orville" (2017–present), and co-creator of the TV series "American Dad!" (2005–present) and "The Cleveland Show" (2009–2013). He also wrote, directed, and starred in the films "Ted" (2012), its sequel "Ted 2" (2015), and "A Million Ways to Die in the West" (2014). "North by North Quahog" is the first episode of the fourth season of "Family Guy", following the revival of the series three years after its cancellation in 2002. Written by series creator Seth MacFarlane and directed by Peter Shin, "North by North Quahog" originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on May 1, 2005, though it had premiered three days earlier at a special screening at the University of Vermont, Burlington. In the episode, Peter and Lois go on a second honeymoon to spice up their marriage, but are chased by Mel Gibson after Peter steals the sequel to "The Passion of the Christ" from Gibson's private hotel room. Meanwhile, Brian and Stewie take care of Chris and Meg at home. "Road to the Multiverse" is the first episode of the eighth season of the animated comedy series "Family Guy". This and most of the Season 8 episodes were produced for season 7. Directed by Greg Colton and written by Wellesley Wild, the episode originally aired on Fox in the United States on September 27, 2009, along with the series premiere of "The Cleveland Show". In "Road to the Multiverse", two of the show's main characters, baby genius Stewie and anthropomorphic dog Brian, both voiced by series creator Seth MacFarlane, use an "out-of-this-world" remote control to travel through a series of various parallel universes. They eventually end up in a world where dogs rule and humans obey. Brian becomes reluctant to return to his own universe, and he ultimately ends up breaking the remote, much to the dismay of Stewie, who soon seeks a replacement. The "Road to" episodes which have aired throughout various seasons of "Family Guy" were inspired by the "Road to ..." comedy films starring Bing Crosby, Bob Hope and Dorothy Lamour, though this episode was not originally conceived as a "Road to" show. "Family Guy"'s ninth season first aired on the Fox network in eighteen episodes from September 26, 2010 to May 22, 2011 before being released as two DVD box sets and in syndication. "Family Guy" follows the dysfunctional Griffin family—father Peter, mother Lois, daughter Meg, son Chris, baby Stewie and dog Brian, all of whom reside in their hometown of Quahog. The ninth season, which premiered with the episode "And Then There Were Fewer" and ended with "It's a Trap!", was executive produced by Chris Sheridan, David Goodman, Danny Smith, Mark Hentemann, Steve Callaghan and series creator Seth MacFarlane. The season's showrunners were Hentemann and Callaghan. The second season of the animated comedy series "Family Guy" aired on Fox from September 23, 1999 to August 1, 2000, and consisted of 21 episodes. The series follows the dysfunctional Griffin family—father Peter, mother Lois, daughter Meg, son Chris, baby Stewie and their anthropomorphic dog Brian, all of whom reside in their hometown of Quahog. The show features the voices of series creator Seth MacFarlane, Alex Borstein, Seth Green, Lacey Chabert and later Mila Kunis in the roles of the Griffin family. The executive producers for the second production season were David Zuckerman and MacFarlane; the aired season also contained eight episodes which were holdovers from season one. [/INST] Answer: first </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question What song did the Dutch singer that was a founding member of Within Temptation help write for the album "The Silent Force"? Context David Martijn Westerholt (born 30 March 1979 in Waddinxveen, Netherlands) is the cofounder (along with Charlotte Wessels), keyboardist, and the main songwriter of the Dutch symphonic metal band Delain. He was previously a member of symphonic metal band Within Temptation, until he was diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis shortly after the release of Within Temptation's second full-length studio album, "Mother Earth". His brother Robert Westerholt is the guitarist and founder of Within Temptation. He currently lives in Zwolle, where he resides since his study in Communication at Windesheim College in 1998. "Memories" is a ballad-song by Dutch symphonic metal/rock band Within Temptation from their third studio album, "The Silent Force". It was released as the second single from the album on 31 January 2005 also accompanying a music video. The song was covered by American classical crossover singer Jackie Evancho for her third studio album, Awakening. The Silent Force is the third studio album by Dutch symphonic metal band Within Temptation, released on 15 November 2004, by GUN Records. This album is the first to feature Ruud Jolie on lead guitar, as well as Martijn Spierenburg on keyboards, after Martijn Westerholt had to leave the band due to illness. "Jillian (I'd Give My Heart)" is a song written by Sharon den Adel, Robert Westerholt and Martijn Spierenburg for the album "The Silent Force" (2004). It was used to promote Within Temptation's live DVD "The Silent Force Tour" (2005). The Silent Force Tour was a concert tour by Dutch symphonic metal band Within Temptation in support of their third album, The Silent Force. "Stand My Ground" is the first single from Dutch symphonic metal/rock band Within Temptation's "The Silent Force". The song is also included on the U.S. edition of the band's 2007 album "The Heart of Everything". It became a top 10 hit in three countries (the Netherlands, Belgium and Finland) and became a top 40 hit in four other countries. It was also used in the trailer for the film "Blood & Chocolate". "Angels" is a song by Dutch symphonic metal band Within Temptation from their third studio album, "The Silent Force". It was released as the third single from the album on 13 June 2005, also accompanying a music video. The video earned the band a Golden God Award on the following year. Sharon Janny den Adel (born 12 July 1974) is a Dutch singer, songwriter and fashion designer, best known as the lead vocalist and one of the main songwriters in the Dutch symphonic metal band Within Temptation. She has been a performing musician since the age of 14, and was a founding member of Within Temptation, along with Robert Westerholt, in 1996. The Silent Force Tour is a double DVD which was released by the symphonic metal/rock band Within Temptation on November 18, 2005. In addition to the standard double DVD release, the deluxe edition includes a bonus CD. "In and Out of Love" is a collaboration between Dutch DJ and record producer Armin van Buuren and Dutch singer Sharon den Adel (Within Temptation). It was released on 6 August 2008 as the third single from van Buuren's third studio album, "Imagine". [/INST] Answer: "Jillian (I'd Give My Heart)" </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question The Toronto PET Users Group uses the GEOS environment, what year was GEOS released? Context geoPublish was a desktop publishing program designed by Berkeley Softworks for the GEOS environment. Frank James Butterfield (14 February 1936 – 29 June 2007) was a Toronto-based computer programmer, author, and television personality famous for his work with early microcomputers. He is particularly noted for associations with Commodore Business Machines and the Toronto PET Users Group, for many books and articles on machine language programming, and for educational videos and TV programs. GEOS ("Graphic Environment Operating System") is a discontinued operating system from Berkeley Softworks (later GeoWorks). Originally designed for the Commodore 64 and released in 1986, it provides a graphical user interface for this popular 8-bit computer. GEOS closely resembles early versions of the classic Mac OS and includes a graphical word processor (geoWrite) and paint program (geoPaint). The Doris Day Animal League is an animal advocacy group based in Washington D.C. It established the annual observance Spay Day USA in 1994, which the group uses to bring attention to the pet overpopulation problem in the United States. On September 1, 2006, the organization merged with the Humane Society of the United States. APUG is the Analog Photography Users Group, a website and internet forum for an international group of photographers who use analog photography. The website was founded in September 2002, and has attracted approximately 60,000 members, including paying subscribers. The group's website is maintained through users' donations, subscriptions, advertising revenue as well as corporate sponsorship. The origins of the Free software community in Thiruvananthapuram can be traced back to the group of TeX users around the University of Kerala in early 1980s. The community then later named themselves Thiruvananthapuram LUG (Indian Linux Users Group), GNU/Linux Users Group, Thiruvananthapuram and then ultimately Free Software Users Group, Thiruvananthapuram. The community has worked with the government in helping with key Free software initiatives in the government and also in promoting and supporting Free software among the general public. The community has also been instrumental in creating an IT policy favorable to Free software in the state of Kerala. Pretoria Wireless Users Group is a South African wireless users group. It is non-profit community organisation providing a Wireless community network in Pretoria, the capital of South Africa. Deutschsprachige Anwendervereinigung TeX e. V., or "DANTE e. V.", is the German-language TeX users group. With about 2000 members, it is the largest TeX users group worldwide. The Toronto PET Users Group is one of the world's oldest extant computer user groups, and was among the very largest. The non-profit group is based in Toronto but has an international membership. It supports nearly all Commodore computers, including the PET, VIC-20, C64, C128, Plus/4, C16, C65, and Amiga, including the COMAL, CP/M and GEOS environments. TPUG is noted for its ties with Commodore Canada, its extensive and widely distributed software library, and its association with prominent computing pioneers such as Jim Butterfield, Brad Templeton, Karl Hildon, and Steve Punter. Serchhip Thalai Pawl (English: Serchhip Youth Club) is an Indian not-for-profit non-governmental organisation involved in charitable activities in and around Serchhip Town and Serchhip district in the state of Mizoram in India. It was founded in 2010 by a group of Social-networking sites users as the Serchhip Facebook Users Group. The main aims and objects of the organisation is to provide better social, legal and medical services and facilities to economically backward and socially marginalised people irrespective of their tribe, caste or belief. They also involved in the capacity building of youth and voluntarism. [/INST] Answer: 1986 </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question when was thevAmerican composer of music for films, who produced Lost Original Television Soundtracks born Context The Soundtrack Channel (STC) is a 24-hour cable and satellite channel which features various film and television music. The channel features music videos and other related programming. STC exclusively features music videos from movie and television soundtracks, including original movie videos that are produced specifically for the channel. Soundtrack Channel also features entertainment news, behind-the-scenes specials of the movie-making process and celebrity interviews. Michael Giacchino ( ; ] ; born October 10, 1967) is an American composer of music for films, television and video games. He composed the scores to the television series "Lost", "Alias" and "Fringe", the video game series "Medal of Honor" and "Call of Duty" and many films such as "The Incredibles", "", "Ratatouille", "Star Trek", "Up", "Super 8", "", "Star Trek Into Darkness", "Dawn of the Planet of the Apes", "Jurassic World", "Inside Out", "Zootopia", "Star Trek Beyond", "Doctor Strange", "Rogue One", "", "War for the Planet of the Apes" and "Coco". The orchestral score of Lost is composed, orchestrated, and produced by Michael Giacchino and has been released on a series of soundtrack albums by Varèse Sarabande. Simon Walker (born 1961 in Sydney, NSW) is an Australian composer of numerous film and television soundtracks including "For the Term of His Natural Life". The first available soundtrack of his music was of his lush and beautiful score for "The Wild Duck" on Southern Cross Records, and other releases include his AFI Award-nominated score for "Annie's Coming Out" and "The Last of the Mohicans" on the 1M1 Records label. Mario Daniel Millo (born May 1955) is an Australian musician and composer from Sydney, he was a member of symphonic rock group Sebastian Hardie from 1973 to their disbandment in 1977. Their debut album, "Four Moments" (1975) peaked at No. 13 on the Australian Kent Music Report Albums Chart. He has had a solo career and composed film and television soundtracks and scores. In 1978, he worked with Jon English on the soundtrack for the television series, "Against the Wind" and its related single, "Six Ribbons". Both album and single peaked in the Top 10 on the relevant Kent Music Report charts. The series had international release, known as "Mot alla vindar"/"Mot alle vindar"/"Mod vinden" (1980) in Scandinavian countries where the album and single reached No. 1 in Norway and No. 4 in Sweden. Millo's compositions have won Australian film industry awards for, "The Lighthorsemen" (1987) and television awards for, "Brides of Christ" (1991) and "Changi" (2001). "Brides of Christ" won an Australian Record Industry Association (ARIA) Music Award in 1992 for 'Best Original Soundtrack Album' - Millo was nominated for the same award in 1997 for "G.P." and in 2002 for "Changi". The Orphan Black Original Television Score is one of two soundtracks released on May 19, 2015 by Varèse Sarabande Records. It features music from the Canadian television series "Orphan Black". The show was created by John Fawcett and Graeme Manson. Both soundtracks include a digital booklet when purchased with iTunes. The score includes music from the first two seasons of "Orphan Black" composed by Trevor Yuile. Vincent N. "Vince" DeRosa (born October 5, 1920) is an American hornist who served as a studio musician for Hollywood soundtracks and other recordings from 1935 until his retirement in 2008. Because his career spanned over 70 years, during which he played on many film and television soundtracks and as a sideman on studio albums, he is considered to be one of the most recorded brass players of all time. He set "impeccably high standards" for the horn, and became the first horn for Henry Mancini, Lalo Schifrin, Alfred Newman, and John Williams, among others, with Williams calling him "one of the greatest instrumentalists of his generation." DeRosa contributed to many of the most acclaimed albums of the 20th century, including some of the biggest-selling albums by artists as diverse as Frank Sinatra, Barry Manilow, Frank Zappa, Boz Skaggs, Ella Fitzgerald, Harry Nilsson, Stan Kenton, Henry Mancini, The Monkees, Sammy Davis, Jr., and Mel Tormé. The Orphan Black Original Television Soundtrack is one of two soundtracks released on May 19, 2015 by Varèse Sarabande Records. It features music from the Canadian television series "Orphan Black". The show was created by John Fawcett and Graeme Manson. Both soundtracks include a digital booklet when purchased with iTunes. David Bradstreet (born London, United Kingdom) is a Canadian-based musician. He spent his childhood in Oakville, Ontario and began his music career in the late 1960s. He is best known for his song ”Renaissance” (“Let’s Dance That Old Dance Once More”) - a hit for Canadian icon, Valdy. He has been recognized for his work as a singer/songwriter, composer and producer, twenty albums bearing his name; a high-profile Juno Award early in his career; three subsequent Juno nominations and music credits including a Gemini nomination; film and television soundtracks and scoring; talent discovery and record production for numerous artists from Jane Siberry to Colleen Peterson. He has toured extensively and is a veteran of many coffeehouses, concert halls and folk festivals. Emerald Web was an American musical duo, made up of the husband-wife team of Bob Stohl and Kat Epple. Founded in 1978 and active through the 1980s, the Florida-based Stohl and Epple composed and recorded music in the New Age and electronica genres. In addition to recording their music and performing in concert, Emerald Web composed many television soundtracks, including National Geographic, PBS Nova, CNN, Apple Computers, NASA and Carl Sagan's documentary films, winning several Emmy Awards. They also composed music for a wide range of other applications, from films to planetarium shows. They received a Grammy nomination in 1986 for their album "Catspaw". [/INST] Answer: October 10, 1967 </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question in what position did Mark Beresford Russell Grant-Sturgis serve under the person who would later be the prime minister of the united kingdom? Context The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of the Government of the United Kingdom, and chairs Cabinet meetings. There is no specific date when the office of Prime Minister first appeared, as the role was not created but rather evolved over a period of time. The term was used in the House of Commons in 1805 and it was certainly in parliamentary use by the 1880s, and in 1905 the post of Prime Minister was officially given recognition in the order of precedence. Modern historians generally consider Sir Robert Walpole, who led the government of Great Britain from 1721 to 1742, as the first Prime Minister. Walpole is also the longest-serving Prime Minister by this definition. However, Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman was the first Prime Minister and Margaret Thatcher the longest-serving Prime Minister to have been officially referred to as such. The Shadow First Secretary of State is a position in the United Kingdom's Shadow Cabinet that was created on 11 May 2015 by the Leader of the Opposition, Harriet Harman for her interim shadow cabinet. Prior to 2015, the office was known as Shadow Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. Even though the role has no specific responsibilities attached to it, the holder of the position shadows the First Secretary of State and deputises for the Leader of the Opposition in Prime Minister's Questions when the First Secretary is deputising for the Prime Minister. The current holder is Emily Thornberry who was appointed on 14 June 2017. Herbert Henry Asquith, 1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith, (12 September 1852 – 15 February 1928), generally known as H. H. Asquith, served as the Liberal Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1908 to 1916, and was the last Liberal leader to lead that party in government without forming a coalition. He had a central role in the design and passage of major liberal legislation. In August 1914, Asquith took the United Kingdom into the First World War, but resigned amid political conflict in December 1916 and was succeeded by his War Secretary David Lloyd George. The Swedish constitution of 1974 allows the Prime Minister of Sweden to appoint one of the Ministers in the cabinet as Deputy Prime Minister ("biträdande statsminister", also unofficially known as "vice statsminister", "Vice Prime Minister"), in case the Prime Minister for some reason is prevented from performing his or her duties. However, if a Deputy Prime Minister has not been appointed, the Minister in the cabinet who has served the longest time (and if there are several with equal experience the one who is oldest) takes over as head of government. Note that the person acting as Prime Minister does not do so on a permanent basis: if a Prime Minister dies, resigns or loses a vote of confidence in the Riksdag, the Speaker of the Riksdag will then confer with the parties of the Riksdag and propose a new Prime Minister, who must be tolerated by a majority of the Riksdag. If the Prime Minister has resigned or lost a vote of confidence, he or she will remain the head of a government "ad interim" until the new Prime Minister assumes his or her office. The only case where the governmental line of succession becomes relevant is when the Prime Minister dies (upon which the person next in the line of succession serves as the head of a government "ad interim") or when the Prime Minister is on leave or for any other reason incapable of serving, but still remains in office. This might be compared to the Presidential line of succession in the United States, where the person next in line assumes the Presidency throughout the remainder of the term if the President dies, resigns or is impeached. Deputy Prime Minister of Greenland is a position, held by one government minister, in the Government of Greenland who can take the position of acting Prime Minister when the Prime minister is temporarily absent. The job is unofficial, but in many media, the person taking over when the Prime Minister is absent, is often dubbed Deputy Prime Minister, or Naalakkersuisut siulittaasuata tullia in Greenlandic. Sir Mark Beresford Russell Grant-Sturgis KCB (1884–1949) was Assistant Under-Secretary for Ireland. The son of Julian Sturgis and Mary Maud Sturgis "née" Beresford, he was educated at Eton College before becoming assistant private secretary to then chancellor of the exchequer, H. H. Asquith. He married Ellen Rachel Montagu-Stuarty-Wortley on July 9, 1914. The Prime Minister of Northern Ireland was the head of the Government of Northern Ireland between 1921 and 1972. No such office was provided for in the Government of Ireland Act 1920, however the Lord Lieutenant, as with Governors-General in other Westminster Systems such as in Canada, chose to appoint someone to head the executive even though no such post existed in statute law. The office-holder assumed the title "Prime Minister" to draw parallels with the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. On the advice of the new Prime Minister, the Lord Lieutenant then created the "Department of the Prime Minister". The office of Prime Minister of Northern Ireland was abolished in 1972, along with the contemporary government, when direct rule of Northern Ireland was transferred to London. The Beresford, later Beresford-Peirse Baronetcy, of Bagnall in the County of Waterford, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 21 May 1814 for John Beresford. He was an admiral in the Royal Navy and also represented Coleraine, Berwick-on-Tweed, Northallerton and Chatham in the House of Commons. Beresford was the illegitimate son of George Beresford, 1st Marquess of Waterford, and the brother of William Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford. He was succeeded by his son, the second Baronet, from his first marriage to Mary Molloy. He died without surviving male issue and was succeeded by his nephew, the third Baronet. He was the eldest son of Henry William de la Poer Beresford-Peirse (1820–1859), eldest son of the first Baronet's second marriage to Harriett Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Peirse. He served as Chairman of the North Riding of Yorkshire County Council. His grandson, the fifth Baronet, was Director-General of the Forestry Commission between 1962 and 1968. As of 2014 the title is held by the latter's grandson, the seventh Baronet, who succeeded his father in 2013. The Prime Minister's Official Spokesperson or alternatively Prime Minister's Official Spokesman/Spokeswoman is a position in the United Kingdom's Civil Service, located in the Prime Minister's Office in 10 Downing Street and used by the British Prime Minister to convey information to the public. The Prime Minister's Official Spokesperson usually addresses a small group of press and media correspondents, known as lobby correspondents, each morning to deliver statements on current events on behalf of the Prime Minister. The later life of Winston Churchill documents the life of the British statesman from the end of World War II and his second term as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, until his subsequent death and funeral in 1965. After the end of the war Churchill had to step down as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom because the Conservative Party lost the 1945 election. For six years he was to serve as the Leader of the Opposition. During these years Churchill continued to influence world affairs; in 1946 he gave his Iron Curtain speech which spoke of the expansionist policies of the USSR and the creation of the Eastern Bloc; Churchill also argued strongly for British independence from the European Coal and Steel Community (which he saw as a Franco-German project as Britain still had an empire). In the General Election of 1951 Labour was defeated and Churchill became Prime Minister for a second time. Churchill continued to lead Britain but was to suffer increasingly from health problems. Aware that he was slowing down both physically and mentally he resigned from the Cabinet in 1955. However he continued to sit as an MP for Woodford until he retired from politics in 1964. Churchill died on 24 January 1965 and was granted the honour of a state funeral. He was buried in his family plot in St Martin's Church, Bladon near to where he was born at Blenheim Palace. [/INST] Answer: assistant private secretary </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question The second youngest Governor in the United States is the Commander in Chief of the organization composed of what two units? Context The American Youth Congress (AYC) was an early youth voice organization composed of youth from all across the country to discuss the problems facing youth as a whole in the 1930s. It met several years in a row - one year it notably met on the lawn of the White House. The delegates are known to have caused a disturbance when they attempted to access the United States Congress. They focused on the draft, which was taking youths at age 18 off to war. At the time in the United States one was not legally an adult in any way until the age of 21. They also focused on the economic exploitation of youth. James Howard Edmondson (September 27, 1925November 17, 1971) was an American politician from the U.S. state of Oklahoma. He served as the 16th governor of Oklahoma from 1959 to 1963, and a United States Senator from Oklahoma from 1963 to 1964. Elected at the age of 33, Edmondson still remains the youngest governor in the history of the state. Eric Robert Greitens (born April 10, 1974) is an American politician, author, and former Navy SEAL currently serving as the 56th Governor of Missouri, since January 2017. He is currently the second youngest Governor in the United States, after New Hampshire's Chris Sununu. The Miami Boys was a drug organization composed of a loose-knit group of African-American drug suppliers and dealers from south Florida (particularly Miami). Also known as "the Untouchables", the group started in the early 1980s and by 1986 the organization had spread to other cities and state throughout the south east of the United States. The "Grand Army of the Republic" (GAR) was a fraternal organization composed of veterans of the Union Army (United States Army), Union Navy (U.S. Navy), Marines and the U.S. Revenue Cutter Service who served in the American Civil War for the Northern/Federal forces. Founded in 1866 in Decatur, Illinois, and growing to include hundreds of posts (local community units) across the nation (predominately in the North, but also a few in the South and West), it was dissolved in 1956 at the death of its last member, Albert Woolson (1850–1956) of Duluth, Minnesota. Linking men through their experience of the war, the G.A.R. became among the first organized advocacy groups in American politics, supporting voting rights for black veterans, promoting patriotic education, helping to make Memorial Day a national holiday, lobbying the United States Congress to establish regular veterans' pensions, and supporting Republican political candidates. Its peak membership, at more than 490,000, was in 1890, a high point of various Civil War commemorative and monument dedication ceremonies. It was succeeded by the Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War (SUVCW), composed of male descendants of Union Army and Union Navy veterans. Log Cabin Republicans v. United States was a federal lawsuit challenging the constitutionality of 10 U.S.C. § 654, commonly known as don't ask, don't tell (DADT), which excludes homosexuals from openly serving in the United States military. The Log Cabin Republicans (LCR), an organization composed of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) Republicans, brought the suit on behalf of LCR members who serve or served in the military and were subject to DADT. The Conference of Chief Justices (CCJ) was created in 1949 after the need for an organization composed of the states' and territories' top jurists was amply discussed at the American Bar Association and other juridical organizations. The first meeting, organized by the Council of State Governments and funded by private foundations, and held in St. Louis, Missouri, was held at the behest of New Jersey Chief Justice Arthur T. Vanderbilt, Nebraska Chief Justice Robert G. Simmons and Missouri Chief Justice Laurance M. Hyde, who was elected as the first chairman by the representatives of the 44 states in attendance. Thirty-two states were represented by their Chief Justices and 12 by Associate Justices empowered by their Chiefs. Four of the 48 states were not represented. The Cormier wrestling family is a group of Canadian brothers who competed in professional wrestling. They were born in New Brunswick and wrestled primarily in Canada. They also competed in the United States and had stints in several other countries. On many occasions, the Cormiers wrestled together as tag team partners. Two of the brothers were also involved in promoting wrestling. The family has been honored by the Cauliflower Alley Club, a social organization composed of people in the wrestling business, for their contributions to the sport. Jean-Louis died in 2008, and Yvon died in 2009; Leonce and Romeo still wrestle occasionally. Latino Public Broadcasting (LPB) is a non-profit organization that is funded by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting with the purpose of addressing issues of cultural significance to the Latino population in the United States. It does this by funding the development, production, post-production, acquisition and distribution of non-commercial educational and cultural television that addresses these issues. LPB television programs include dramas, documentaries, comedies, satire and animation. These programs funded by the LPB are then distributed to various PBS stations and to other public telecommunication entities who chose to run their programs. LPB is also part of the National Minority Consortia, an organization composed of several minority public broadcasting organizations who wish to bring more diversity to public broadcasting. The Missouri National Guard (1808-present) is a component of the Missouri Department of Public Safety and the National Guard of the United States. It is composed of Army and Air National Guard units. Eric Greitens, Governor of Missouri, is Commander in Chief. The headquarters is in Jefferson City, Missouri. [/INST] Answer: Army and Air National Guard </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question What is the nickname of the United States Navy battleship featured in the 1945 documentary Appointment in Tokyo? Context The 14"/45 caliber gun, (spoken "fourteen-inch-forty-five-caliber"), whose variations were known initially as the Mark 1, 2, 3, and 5, and later as the Mark 8, 9, 10, and 12, were the first 14 in guns to be employed with the United States Navy, and were for over a year the most powerful naval ordnance afloat. They were installed aboard the United States Navy's "New York"-class , "Nevada"-class , and "Pennsylvania"-class battleship s as the primary armament for each battleship in the class. The gun also saw service in the British Royal Navy, where it was designated the BL 14 inch gun Mk II. USS "South Dakota" (BB-57) was a battleship in the United States Navy, in active service from 1942 until 1947. The lead ship of her class, "South Dakota" was the third ship of the US Navy to be named in honor of the 40th state. The four ships of the class are considered to be the most efficient battleships designed under the limitations of the Washington Naval Treaty. During World War II, the battleship first served a tour in the Pacific theater, where it fought in two battles in 1942 that earned the ship and its crew a Navy Unit Commendation before returning to New York in December 1942 for an overhaul and battle repairs. In May 1943, "South" "Dakota" joined British Home Fleet patrols in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans before sailing again to the Pacific in August 1943. There, "South Dakota" participated in combat operations preparatory to the invasion of Japan until returning to the United States in October 1945. Appointment in Tokyo is a 1945 documentary released Produced by the Army Pictorial Service, Signal Corps, with the cooperation of the Army Air Forces and the United States Navy, and released by Warner Bros. for the War Activities Committee shortly after the surrender of Japan. It mainly follows General Douglas MacArthur and his men from their exile from the Philippines in early 1942, through the signing of the instrument of surrender on the USS "Missouri" on September 1, 1945. USS "Iowa" (BB-4) was a United States Navy battleship. It was the first ship commissioned in honor of Iowa and was America's first seagoing battleship. "Iowa" saw substantial action in the Spanish–American War. While she was an improvement over the "Indiana" class because of a superior design, the warship became obsolete quickly in the first quarter of the 20th century and was used for target practice and sunk on 23 March 1923 in Panama Bay by a salvo of 14-inch shells. The USS "Iowa" turret explosion occurred in the Number Two 16-inch gun turret of the United States Navy battleship on 19 April 1989. The explosion in the center gun room killed 47 of the turret's crewmen and severely damaged the gun turret itself. Two major investigations were undertaken into the cause of the explosion, one by the U.S. Navy and then one by the General Accounting Office (GAO) and Sandia National Laboratories. The investigations produced conflicting conclusions. USS "Missouri" (BB-63) ("Mighty Mo" or "Big Mo") is a United States Navy "Iowa"-class battleship and was the third ship of the U.S. Navy to be named after the U.S. state of Missouri. "Missouri" was the last battleship commissioned by the United States and is best remembered as the site of the surrender of the Empire of Japan which ended World War II. A Glimpse of Hell: The Explosion on the USS "Iowa" and Its Cover-Up is a nonfiction book of investigative journalism, written by Charles C. Thompson II and published in 1999. The book describes the USS "Iowa" turret explosion that took place on April 19, 1989, and the subsequent investigations that tried to determine the cause. The explosion aboard the United States Navy battleship "Iowa" killed 47 of the turret's crewmen. USS "Delaware" (BB-28) was a dreadnought battleship of the United States Navy, the lead ship of her class. She was laid down at Newport News Shipbuilding in November 1907, launched in January 1909, and completed in April 1910. The sixth ship to be named for the First State, "Delaware" was armed with a main battery of ten 12 in guns all on the centerline, making her the most powerful battleship in the world at the time of her construction. She was also the first battleship of the US Navy to be capable of steaming at full speed for 24 continuous hours without suffering a breakdown. USS "New York" (BB-34) was a United States Navy battleship, the lead ship of her class. Named for New York State, she was designed as the first ship to carry the 14 in /45-caliber gun. The attack on Yokosuka was an air raid conducted by the United States Navy on 18 July 1945 during the last weeks of the Pacific War. The Japanese battleship "Nagato" was the raid's main target, though anti-aircraft positions and other warships at Yokosuka Naval Arsenal were also attacked. Other U.S. Navy and British Royal Navy aircraft struck airfields in the Tokyo area. [/INST] Answer: Mighty Mo </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question A Most Wanted Man is a 2014 espionage thriller film based on the novel of the same name by John le Carré, the film stars Willem Dafoe, an American actor, a member of which experimental theatre company? Context William J. "Willem" Dafoe (born July 22, 1955) is an American actor. A member of the experimental theatre company the Wooster Group, he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his roles as Elias in Oliver Stone's "Platoon" (1986) and Max Schreck in the comedy-horror film "Shadow of the Vampire" (2000). His other film appearances include "The Last Temptation of Christ" (1988), "Mississippi Burning" (1988),"The English Patient" (1996), "American Psycho" (2000), the "Spider-Man" trilogy (2002–2007), "John Wick" (2014), "The Grand Budapest Hotel" (2014), and "Justice League" (2017). He has also had voice roles in "Finding Nemo" (2003) and its sequel "Finding Dory" (2016), "Fantastic Mr. Fox" (2009), "John Carter" (2012) and the recent adaptation of "Death Note" (2017). The spy film genre deals with the subject of fictional espionage, either in a realistic way (such as the adaptations of John le Carré) or as a basis for fantasy (such as many James Bond films). Many novels in the spy fiction genre have been adapted as films, including works by John Buchan, le Carré, Ian Fleming (Bond) and Len Deighton. It is a significant aspect of British cinema, with leading British directors such as Alfred Hitchcock and Carol Reed making notable contributions and many films set in the British Secret Service. Moscow Centre is a nickname used by John le Carré for the Moscow central headquarters of the KGB, especially those departments concerned with foreign espionage and counterintelligence. It arises from use by Soviet officers themselves, and le Carré probably just utilised the nickname to gain greater credibility for his books. Anton Johannes Gerrit Corbijn van Willenswaard (] ; born 20 May 1955) is a Dutch photographer, music video director, and film director. He is the creative director behind the visual output of Depeche Mode and U2, having handled the principal promotion and sleeve photography for both bands over three decades. Some of his works include music videos for Depeche Mode's "Enjoy the Silence" (1990), U2's "One" (version 1) (1991), Bryan Adams' "Do I Have to Say the Words?", Nirvana's "Heart-Shaped Box" (1993) and Coldplay's "Talk" (2005) and "Viva la Vida" (2008), as well as the Ian Curtis biographical film "Control" (2007), "The American" (2010), and "A Most Wanted Man" (2014), based on John le Carré's 2008 novel of the same name. A Most Wanted Man is a thriller/espionage novel by John le Carré published in September 2008 by Hodder & Stoughton in the United Kingdom and in October 2008 by Scribner in the United States. A Murder of Quality is the second novel by John le Carré. It features George Smiley, the most famous of le Carré's recurring characters, in his only book set outside the espionage community. A Most Wanted Man is a 2014 espionage thriller film based on the novel of the same name by John le Carré, directed by Anton Corbijn and written by Andrew Bovell. The film stars Philip Seymour Hoffman, Rachel McAdams, Willem Dafoe, Robin Wright, Grigoriy Dobrygin, Daniel Brühl and Nina Hoss. It premiered at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival and competed in the main competition section of the 36th Moscow International Film Festival and the 40th Deauville American Film Festival. It was the last of Hoffman's films to be released before his death. The Deadly Affair is a 1966 British espionage–thriller film, based on John le Carré's first novel "Call for the Dead". The film stars James Mason, Harry Andrews, Simone Signoret and Maximilian Schell and was directed by Sidney Lumet from a script by Paul Dehn. In it George Smiley, the central character of the novel and many other le Carré books, is renamed Charles Dobbs as Paramount, which owned the film rights of their recently filmed "The Spy Who Came in from the Cold", had the rights to the Smiley character. The soundtrack was composed by Quincy Jones, and the bossa nova theme song, "Who Needs Forever", is performed by Astrud Gilberto. The Hunter is a 2011 Australian drama film, directed by Daniel Nettheim and produced by Vincent Sheehan, based on the 1999 novel of the same name by Julia Leigh. It stars Willem Dafoe, Sam Neill and Frances O'Connor. Dafoe flew to Hobart, Tasmania for the premiere of the film at the "State Cinema". Call for the Dead is John le Carré's first novel, published in 1961. It introduces George Smiley, the most famous of le Carré's recurring characters, in a story about East German spies inside Great Britain. It also introduces a fictional version of British Intelligence, called "the Circus" because of its location in Cambridge Circus, that is apparently based on MI6 and that recurs throughout le Carré's spy novels. [/INST] Answer: Wooster Group </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question What is the Spanish translation of the name of the concentration camp William Hohri was sent to? Context Ohrdruf concentration camp was a Nazi forced labor and concentration camp located near Ohrdruf, south of Gotha, in Thuringia, Germany. It was part of the Buchenwald concentration camp network and the first Nazi concentration camp liberated by U.S. troops. Erich Zoddel (August 9, 1913 – November 30, 1945) was a prisoner functionary at the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. In 1941, Zoddel was sentenced to a year in prison for theft before being transferred to Sachsenhausen concentration camp in 1942. He worked as a forced laborer in the Heinkel factory in Oranienburg until October 1943. In November 1943, after a brief stay at Buchenwald concentration camp, he was taken to Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp. On 27 March 1944, Zoddel and 1,000 other prisoners from Mittelbau-Dora arrived at Bergen-Belsen. By January 1945, Zoddel had risen in the ranks to a camp division. Two days after the liberation of Bergen-Belsen by the British army on 15 April 1945, Zoddel killed a female detainee, a crime for which he was sentenced to death by a British military court in Celle on 31 August 1945. On 17 November 1945, Zoddel was sentenced to life imprisonment in a second trial for his actions at Bergen-Belsen. His execution was carried out later that month in Wolfenbüttel. The Camptown Historic District, also known as the La Mott Historic District and Camp William Penn, is a national historic district located in La Mott, Pennsylvania. It is well known for the residence of famous abolitionist and suffragette Lucretia Mott. It was also a stop on the Underground Railroad. It played a crucial role in the Civil War; from 1863 to 1865, it housed Camp William Penn, a military training post for African-American soldiers. Following the war, many of the soldiers bought homes in the area. The area was said to be named "Camptown," but, since there was already another community in Pennsylvania that used that name, the name "La Mott" was chosen when the post office was established in 1885. The district covers 26 acres, and includes 35 contributing buildings. Karel Švenk, sometimes referred to in German as Karl Schwenk (Prague, 17 March 1917 – near Karlsberg, en route to Mauthausen, 1 April 1945), was a Czech cabaret artist, comedian, songwriter and writer. A leading figure in the cabaret at the Theresienstadt concentration camp, a "show" concentration camp for artists, Svenk was eventually sent to Auschwitz and later died on a subsequent transport to Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp. Manzanar is most widely known as the site of one of ten American concentration camps where over 110,000 Japanese Americans were forcibly removed (incarcerated) during World War II from December 1942 to 1945. Located at the foot of the Sierra Nevada in California's Owens Valley between the towns of Lone Pine to the south and Independence to the north, it is approximately 230 mi north of Los Angeles. Manzanar (which means "apple orchard" in Spanish) was identified by the United States National Park Service as the best-preserved of the former camp sites, and is now the Manzanar National Historic Site, which preserves and interprets the legacy of Japanese American incarceration in the United States. Herzogenbusch concentration camp (Dutch: "Kamp Vught" , ] , German: "Konzentrationslager Herzogenbusch" ] ) was a Nazi concentration camp located in Vught near the city of 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands. Herzogenbusch was, with Natzweiler-Struthof in occupied France, the only concentration camp run directly by the SS in western Europe outside of Germany. The camp was first used in 1943 and held 31,000 prisoners. 749 prisoners died in the camp, and the others were transferred to other camps shortly before the camp was liberated by the Allied Forces in 1944. After the war the camp was used as a prison for Germans and Dutch collaborators. Today there is a visitors' center with exhibitions and a national monument remembering the camp and its victims. The camp is now a museum. William Minoru Hohri (March 13, 1927 – November 12, 2010) was an American political activist and the lead plaintiff in the National Council for Japanese American Redress lawsuit seeking monetary reparations for the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II. He was sent to the Manzanar concentration camp with his family after the attack on Pearl Harbor triggered the United States' entry into the war. After leading the NCJAR's class action suit against the federal government, which was dismissed, Hohri's advocacy helped convince Congress to pass legislation that provided compensation to each surviving internee. The legislation, signed by President Ronald Reagan in 1988, included an apology to those sent to the camps. Stanisław Nogaj was a Polish journalist and writer from Silesia. During the World War II he was arrested by the Germans and sent to the Dachau concentration camp and then to the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp, where he had been working at the camp's chancellery of Concentration Camp Gusen I. After the war his personal notes became one of the bases for estimation of the death toll in that camp. He also published his memoirs of the ordeal. The Bardufoss concentration camp is located in Northern Norway in the municipality of Målselv. During the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany, the Nazi authorities established a "concentration camp in the town of Bardufoss," as an annex to the Grini concentration camp. It opened in March 1944 to alleviate overflowing in other camps, particularly Grini and the Falstad concentration camp. Situated in a cold climate, it was notorious for its hard work regime, sparse rations, and inadequate shelter. It is estimated that some 800 prisoners passed through the camp, and when liberated about 550 were incarcerated. The Esterwegen concentration camp near Esterwegen was an early Nazi concentration camp within a series of camps first established in the Emsland district of Germany. It was established in the summer of 1933 as a concentration camp for 2000 so-called political "Schutzhäftlinge" (protective custody prisoners) and was for a time the second largest concentration camp after Dachau. The camp was closed in summer of 1936. Until 1945 the camp was used as a prison camp. Political prisoners and so called "Nacht und Nebel"-prisoners were also held here. Then Esterwegen served as a British internment camp, as a prison, and, until 2000, as a depot for the German Army. [/INST] Answer: "apple orchard" </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Barbara Kay is a columnist for what flagship publication of Postmedia Network? Context The Postmedia Canspell National Spelling Bee, formerly called the Canwest Canspell National Spelling Bee, was a spelling bee held annually in Canada since 2005. The bee is affiliated with the United States-based Scripps National Spelling Bee and uses similar rules and word lists, adapted to best suit Canadian usage and spelling. It is organized by the Postmedia Network, though it was previously organized by now bankrupt Canwest Global Communications, parent company of 9 of the regional sponsors. Canwest Canspell ended in 2012. The Windsor Star is the regional daily newspaper of Windsor, Ontario, Canada. It is owned by the Postmedia Network and published Mondays through Saturdays. The publication had its main office at 167 Ferry Street from 1923 to 2012, before moving to its current location at 300 Ouellette Avenue. The Camrose Canadian is a local news publication for the Camrose, Alberta area. Founded in 1908, the paper is now one of many Alberta publications owned by Postmedia Network. Sue-Ann Levy (born 1956 or 1957) is a Canadian writer. She is a political columnist for the Postmedia Network media company in Canada. Levy was hired by the "Toronto Sun" in the 1980s and was the newspaper's long-time City Hall columnist. Her writing now focusses primarily on the Legislative Assembly of Ontario (Queen's Park), the seat of the Government of Ontario, as well as municipal and social issues. She is the author of the book "Underdog: Confessions of a Right-Wing Gay Jewish Muckraker" (2016) and also appears as a regular guest on the John Oakley Show on Talk 640, was previously a panelist on CBC Radio's local afternoon drive show "Here and Now", as well as an occasional commentator or panelist over various cable news channels. Postmedia News is a national news agency with correspondents in Canada, Europe, and the United States and is part of the Canadian newspaper chain owned by Postmedia Network Inc. The National Post is a Canadian English-language newspaper. The paper is the flagship publication of Postmedia Network, and is published Tuesdays through Saturdays. It was founded in 1998 by Conrad Black. Once distributed nationally, it later began publishing a daily edition in the provinces of Ontario, Quebec, Alberta and British Columbia, with only its weekend edition available in Manitoba and Saskatchewan. As of 2006, the "Post" is no longer distributed in Canada's Atlantic provinces and the territories. As of 2017, the "Post" is no longer a daily newspaper, publishing on a reduced schedule and transitioning subcribers to electronic delivery. Paul Victor Godfrey, CM, OOnt (born 1939) is a businessman and former Canadian politician. During his career, Godfrey was a North York alderman, Chairman of Metro Toronto, President of the "Toronto Sun" and head of the Toronto Blue Jays. He was instrumental in bringing the Toronto Blue Jays to Toronto and has campaigned to bring the National Football League to Toronto. He had been named president and CEO of The National Post, starting in 2009. On November 27, 2009, Godfrey was announced as the chair of the Ontario Lottery and Gaming Corporation, a role in which he served until being dismissed in 2013. He has been President and CEO of Postmedia Network, since July 13, 2010. He took a $900,000 bonus during a time that Postmedia laid off staff company-wide. Barbara Kay is a columnist for the Canadian national broadsheet the "National Post", wherein she expressed, in a series of three articles, beginning with a column entitled "The Rise of Quebecistan," on August 9, 2006, Postmedia Network Canada Corporation (also known as Postmedia Network or Postmedia) is a Canadian media company consisting of the publishing properties of the former Canwest, with primary operations in newspaper publishing, news gathering and Internet operations. Barbara Kay is a columnist for the Canadian newspaper "National Post" and a member of the Board of Governors of the conservative student newspaper, "The Prince Arthur Herald". Her son is former"The Walrus" editor-in-chief Jonathan Kay. Barbara Kay has become known for her critical views on the rise of feminism and what she sees as double standards to the detriment of men. [/INST] Answer: National Post </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Who was born most recently, Moon Hee-joon or Lajon Witherspoon? Context "Angel's Son" is a song written by Mikey Doling, Clint Lowery, Morgan Rose, Lajon Witherspoon of Sevendust and performed by Witherspoon and two fellow Sevendust members (drummer Morgan Rose and guitarist/vocalist Clint Lowery) and ex-Snot band member (now ex-Sevendust guitarist) Sonny Mayo, for the post-mortem compilation CD in honor of James Lynn Strait known as "Strait Up". This was the only single track from the tribute album. Lajon "LJ" Jermaine Witherspoon (born October 3, 1972) is an American musician best known as the vocalist for the Atlanta-based alternative metal band Sevendust. Laura Jeanne Reese Witherspoon ( ; born March 22, 1976) is an American actress, producer, and entrepreneur. Born in New Orleans and raised in Tennessee, she began her career as a child actress, making her professional screen debut in "The Man in the Moon" (1991), for which she was nominated for a Young Artist Award. Following breakout roles in "" (1992) and "Jack the Bear" (1993), she starred in the comedy-drama "Pleasantville" (1998), for which she won the Young Hollywood Award for Breakthrough Performance. Her leading role of Tracy Flick in "Election" (1999) was nominated for a Golden Globe Award. Moon Hee-joon (; or spelled Moon Hee-jun; born March 14, 1978) is a South Korean pop-rock singer-songwriter signed under SidusHQ. He initially rose to fame as the leader of former boy band H.O.T. under SM Entertainment. Sevendust is an American alternative metal band from Atlanta, Georgia, formed in 1994 by bassist Vince Hornsby, drummer Morgan Rose and guitarist John Connolly. After their first demo, lead vocalist Lajon Witherspoon and guitarist Clint Lowery joined the group. Following a few name changes, the members settled on the name Sevendust and released their self-titled debut album on April 15, 1997. They have attained success with three consecutive RIAA gold certified albums and have sold millions of albums worldwide. Seasons is the fourth studio album by American heavy metal band Sevendust. It would be the band's final album with TVT Records and was dedicated to the memory of Reginald Witherspoon (Lajon Witherspoon's younger brother) and Dave Williams (Drowning Pool's original singer), the former was murdered in November 2002 and the latter died of cardiomyopathy in August 2002. Moment of Impact is the debut studio album by American rock group Eye Empire. A Limited Edition 1000 copies were released on December 12, 2010 with a full release on September 14, 2011. It features guest appearances from singer Lajon Witherspoon and drummer Morgan Rose of Sevendust. It was later released as an expanded edition double album, with the title shortened to "Impact". Prodigal Son is the first single by the heavy metal band Sevendust from their seventh studio album "" and was written by vocalist Lajon Witherspoon and drummer Morgan Rose. The song premiered on Active and Mainstream Rock radio on February 10, 2008. "The Past" is the second single from the "" album produced by the American heavy metal band Sevendust. This power ballad, with lead vocals from Lajon Witherspoon and featuring guest vocals by lead vocalist of the band "Daughtry", Chris Daughtry, is a bit of a departure for the band, falling more into the post-grunge category than what fans have come to expect from Sevendust. "Sorrow", another song found on "", is similar in tone and also contains guest vocals, this time by Myles Kennedy. Sevendust has not yet created a music video for "The Past". 100 People, 100 Songs () was a 2014 South Korean singing competition program presented by Kim Sung-joo, Jang Yun-jeong and Moon Hee-joon. It aired on JTBC from October 31, 2014 to September 27, 2015. [/INST] Answer: Moon Hee-joon </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Jerold Hoffberger owned both the Baltimore Bays and what brewing company? Context Jerold Charles Hoffberger (April 7, 1919 – April 9, 1999) was an American businessman. He was president of the National Brewing Company from 1946 to 1973. He was also part-owner of the Baltimore Orioles of the American League from 1954 to 1965, and majority owner from 1965 to 1979. The Pabst Brewing Company ( ) is an American company that dates its origins to a brewing company founded in 1844 by Jacob Best and was, by 1889, named after Frederick Pabst. It is currently the holding company contracting for the brewing of over two dozen brands of beer and malt liquor from now defunct companies including Pabst Blue Ribbon, P. Ballantine and Sons Brewing Company, G. Heileman Brewing Company, Lone Star Brewing Company, Pearl Brewing Company, Piels Bros., Valentin Blatz Brewing Company, National Brewing Company, Olympia Brewing Company, Falstaff Brewing Corporation, Primo Brewing & Malting Company, Rainier Brewing Company, F & M Schaefer Brewing Company, Joseph Schlitz Brewing Company, Jacob Schmidt Brewing Company and Stroh Brewery Company. The first Baltimore Bays were a professional soccer team based out of Baltimore, Maryland. It was one of ten charter members of the National Professional Soccer League (NPSL) in 1967. The team would become a part of the North American Soccer League (NASL), which was the result of a merger between the NPSL and the rival United Soccer Association (USA). The owner was Jerold Hoffberger, who also held the same capacity with the National Brewing Company and Major League Baseball's Baltimore Orioles. The Bays played its home matches at Memorial Stadium during its first two seasons and Kirk Field, a high school football stadium in Baltimore, in 1969. The team wore National Brewing's colors of red and gold. Wilfred Tranter (born 5 March 1945) was an English footballer who played as a half-back. Born in Pendlebury, Lancashire, he played for Manchester United, Brighton & Hove Albion, Fulham, Baltimore Bays and St. Louis Stars. He made his Football League debut for Manchester United two days after his 19th birthday on 7 March 1964, when regular centre-half Bill Foulkes missed the trip to West Ham United due to injury; Tranter was praised for his defensive handling of West Ham forward Johnny Byrne as Manchester United won 2–0. It proved to be his only appearance for the club and he left for Brighton in May 1966. He spent two-and-a-half years on the south coast, including a four-month loan spell with the Baltimore Bays in the North American Soccer League (NASL) between April and August 1968, before joining Fulham in January 1969. At the end of his three-and-a-half-year stay in London, he went back on loan to the United States during the 1972 NASL season to play for the St. Louis Stars. The National Brewing Company was a beer brewing company based in Baltimore, Maryland. The National Brewing Company operated from 1872 until the late 1970s. At the end of the 1970s, the National Brewing Company was purchased and their breweries were shut down. However, National's two most prominent brands, National Bohemian Beer and Colt 45, were kept alive and are now brewed in Wisconsin. Gunther Brewing Company is a historic brewery building located at Baltimore, Maryland, United States. The site comprises 15 masonry buildings. The main structure is a five-story brick "L"-shaped Romanesque Revival-style brew house with a two-story brick ice plant built about 1910 and one- and two-story boiler room. Additional brew houses built in 1936 and 1950 are also on the property. The Tulkoff Factory and Warehouse was built about 1964. It was home to the George Gunther, Jr. Brewing Company, founded in 1900. By 1959 it was the second largest brewery in Baltimore, when it produced 800,000 barrels per year and employed approximately 600 people. Hamm's Brewing Company bought the Gunther Brewing Company in 1960. Later acquired by the F. & M. Schaefer Brewing Company in 1963, the plant was closed in 1978. The Tulkoff company briefly used the factory for their sauce products at the conclusion of all brewing operations. Shipyard Brewing Company is a brewery and soft drink manufacturer in Portland, Maine, USA, and founded in 1994. Shipyard is the largest brewer in Maine (owning the Shipyard, Sea Dog Brewing Company, and Casco Bay Brewing Company banners, and bottling under contract with Gritty McDuff's Brewing Company). Shipyard is the fourth largest microbrewery in New England after Boston Beer Company, Harpoon Brewery, and Magic Hat Brewing Company. The second Baltimore Bays were a soccer team based out of Baltimore, Maryland that played in the American Soccer League. They were called the Baltimore Stars in 1972. National Bohemian Beer, colloquially "Natty Boh," is an American beer originally brewed in Baltimore, Maryland, but now owned by the Pabst Brewing Company. First brewed in 1885 by the National Brewing Company, whose other brands were National Premium and Colt 45 malt liquor, this Bohemian-style beer's slogan had long been "Oh boy. What a beer!" NPSL Final 1967 was the National Professional Soccer League's postseason championship final of the 1967 season. The event was contested in a two-game aggregate match between the Oakland Clippers and the Baltimore Bays. The first leg was played on September 3, 1967 at Memorial Stadium in Baltimore, Maryland, with the Bays winning 1–0. The return leg was contested on September 9, 1967 at the Oakland-Alameda Coliseum in Oakland, California, and the Clippers won it by the score of 4–1. With the two-day competition complete, the Oakland Clippers held a 4–2 aggregate lead and were crowned the 1967 NPSL champions. [/INST] Answer: National Bohemian Beer </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question This 2003 best-selling novel by Lauren Weisberger became the basis for a film starring an actress whose breakthrough debut film role was as Mia Thermopolis in what Disney comedy? Context The Devil Wears Prada is a 2006 American comedy-drama film based on Lauren Weisberger's 2003 novel of the same name. This screen adaptation stars Meryl Streep as Miranda Priestly, a powerful fashion magazine editor, and Anne Hathaway as Andrea ("Andy") Sachs, a college graduate who goes to New York City and lands a job as Priestly's co-assistant. Emily Blunt and Stanley Tucci co-star as co-assistant Emily Charlton and art director Nigel, respectively. Lizzi Waldmüller (May 25, 1904, Knittelfeld, Styria – April 8, 1945, Vienna) was an Austrian actress and singer whose breakthrough to stardom came through her role as Rachel in the Willi Forst movie "Bel Ami" in 1939. Henry Lincoln (born Henry Soskin, 1930) is an English author, television presenter, scriptwriter and former supporting actor. He co-wrote three "Doctor Who" multi-part serials in the 1960s, and — starting in the 1970s — inspired three Chronicle BBC Two documentaries on the alleged "mysteries" surrounding the French village of Rennes-le-Château (on which he was writer and presenter) — and later from the 1980s on co-authored and authored a series of books of which, the pseudohistorical "The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail" was the most popular, becoming the inspiration for Dan Brown's 2003 best-selling novel, "The Da Vinci Code". The Princess Diaries is a 2001 American comedy film directed by Garry Marshall and written by Gina Wendkos, based on Meg Cabot's 2000 novel of the same name. It stars Anne Hathaway (in her film debut) as Mia Thermopolis, a teenager who discovers that she is the heir to the throne of the fictional Kingdom of Genovia, ruled by her grandmother Queen Dowager Clarisse Renaldi (Julie Andrews). The film also stars Heather Matarazzo, Héctor Elizondo, Mandy Moore, and Robert Schwartzman. Isidora Simijonovic is a Serbian actress. Simijonovic began her acting career with a lead role in the movie Klip, directed by Maja Milos, when she was 14 years old. She portrays a sullen high school student from a Belgrade suburb. For her performance, she won the award for the best actress at the Vilnius International Film Festival and 'The Golden Hazelnut' (Zlatni Lesnik) award for the best actress at the fifth International Festival of Film Direction in Leskovac. After this breakthrough debut role, Simijonovic went on to star in several films such as Где је Нађа?, Атомски здесна and Haiku She also played Katarina in Dobra zena which was screened at many film festivals, including Sundance Film Festival, FEST (Belgrade) and Crossing Europe in Linz. She made her television debut with a minor role in Andrija i Anđelka. She starred in the pilot episode of the comedy Mamurluci but the pilot has not yet been picked up by a TV station. She also played the part of Ivana in the play Pazi vamo. The Devil Wears Prada is a 2003 best-selling novel by Lauren Weisberger about a young woman who is hired as a personal assistant to a powerful fashion magazine editor, a job that becomes nightmarish as she struggles to keep up with her boss's grueling schedule and demeaning demands. It spent six months on the "New York Times" bestseller list and became the basis for the 2006 film of the same name, starring Meryl Streep, Anne Hathaway, and Emily Blunt. The novel is considered by many to be an example of the "chick lit" genre. The Devil Wears Nada is a 2009 American made for cable erotic film directed by Jim Wynorski. It is based on the novel "The Devil Wears Prada" by Lauren Weisberger. The Da Vinci Code is a 2006 American mystery thriller film directed by Ron Howard, written by Akiva Goldsman, and based on Dan Brown's 2003 best-selling novel of the same name. The first in the "Robert Langdon" film series, the film stars Tom Hanks, Audrey Tautou, Sir Ian McKellen, Alfred Molina, Jürgen Prochnow, Jean Reno, and Paul Bettany. In the film, Robert Langdon, a professor of religious iconography and symbology from Harvard University, is the prime suspect in the grisly and unusual murder of Louvre curator Jacques Saunière. In the body, the police find a disconcerting cipher and start an investigation. A noted British Grail historian named Sir Leigh Teabing tells them that the actual Holy Grail is explicitly encoded in Leonardo da Vinci's wall painting, "The Last Supper". Also searching for the Grail is a secret cabal within Opus Dei, an actual prelature of the Holy See, who wishes to keep the true Grail a secret; the revelation of this secret would certainly destroy Christianity. Anne Hathaway is an American actress who has appeared in film and stage. She made her acting debut in the short lived television series "Get Real" (1999-2000). Hathaway's breakthrough role came with the role of Mia Thermopolis in the successful Disney comedy "The Princess Diaries" (2001). The role established her as a teen idol and she later reprised the role in its . This was followed by a string of family-oriented films, including "Nicholas Nickleby" (2002) and "Ella Enchanted" (2004), all of which were unsuccessful. In 2005, she voiced the lead character in the highly successful animated film "Hoodwinked!". The same year, she made transition to more mature roles with the acclaimed "Brokeback Mountain". In 2006, Hathaway starred opposite Meryl Streep in the comedy-drama "The Devil Wears Prada" and portrayed Jane Austen in the biographical drama "Becoming Jane", the following year. Anne Jacqueline Hathaway (born November 12, 1982) is an American actress and singer. Her breakthrough debut film role was as Mia Thermopolis in the Disney comedy "The Princess Diaries" (2001). Hathaway made a transition to adult roles in box office and critically acclaimed films such as "Brokeback Mountain" (2005), "The Devil Wears Prada" (2006), as Jane Austen in "Becoming Jane" (2007), "Rachel Getting Married" (2008), "Bride Wars" (2009), "Valentine's Day" (2010), as the White Queen in Tim Burton's "Alice in Wonderland" (2010), "Love & Other Drugs" (2010), as DC Comics femme fatale Catwoman in Christopher Nolan's "The Dark Knight Rises" (2012), as Fantine in Tom Hooper's "Les Misérables" (2012), "Interstellar" (2014), "The Intern" (2015), and "Alice Through the Looking Glass" (2016). [/INST] Answer: The Princess Diaries </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Who was nominated over Nelson Rockefeller for the Republican Vice Presidential nominee and served as the Republican Leader of the United States Senate from 1985 until 1996? Context Electoral history of Sarah Palin, Governor of Alaska (2006-2009) and Republican vice presidential nominee in the 2008 United States presidential election. In 1973, Republican Vice President Spiro Agnew was forced to resign following a controversy over his personal taxes. Under the terms of the 25th Amendment, a vice presidential vacancy is filled when the president nominates a candidate who is confirmed by both houses of Congress. Republican President Richard Nixon thus had the task of selecting a vice president who could receive the majority support of both houses of Congress. Nixon considered selecting former Texas Governor John Connally, New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller, and California Governor Ronald Reagan. However, Nixon settled on House Minority Leader Gerald Ford of Michigan, who was popular among the members of Congress and who was good friends with Nixon. Ford won the approval of both houses by huge margins, and was sworn in as the 40th Vice President of the United States on December 6, 1973. In 1974, Ford ascended to the presidency after the Watergate scandal led to the resignation of President Nixon. The United States presidential election of 1996 was the 53rd quadrennial presidential election. It was held on Tuesday, November 5, 1996. The Democratic national ticket was led by incumbent President Bill Clinton, and his running mate, incumbent Vice President Al Gore. The Republican nominee for President was Bob Dole, the former Republican Leader of the United States Senate and long-time Senator from Kansas who was previously the vice-presidential running mate of President Gerald Ford in 1976, following Vice President Nelson Rockefeller's retirement from politics that year. Dole's running mate for Vice President was Jack Kemp, a former NFL football player and the Housing Secretary under George H. W. Bush. Businessman Ross Perot ran as candidate for the Reform Party with economist Pat Choate as his running mate; he received less media attention and was excluded from the presidential debates and, while still obtaining substantial results for a third-party candidate, by U.S. standards, did not renew his success of the 1992 election. Turnout was registered at 49.0%, the lowest for a presidential election since 1924. Electoral history of Bob Dole, United States Senator from Kansas (1969–1996), Senate Majority Leader (1985–1987, 1995–1996), Senate Minority Leader (1987–1995), 1976 Republican Party Vice Presidential nominee and 1996 Presidential nominee. "Drill, baby, drill!" was a 2008 Republican campaign slogan first used at the 2008 Republican National Convention by former Maryland Lieutenant Governor Michael Steele, who was later elected Chairman of the Republican National Committee. The slogan expressed support for increased drilling for petroleum and gas as sources of additional energy and gained further prominence after it was used by Republican Vice Presidential nominee Sarah Palin during the vice-presidential debate. The 1976 Republican National Convention was a United States political convention of the Republican Party that met from August 16 to August 19, 1976, to select the party's nominee for President. Held in Kemper Arena in Kansas City, Missouri, the convention nominated President Gerald Ford for a full term, but only after narrowly defeating a strong challenge from former California Governor Ronald Reagan. The convention also nominated Senator Robert J. Dole of Kansas for Vice President, instead of Vice President Nelson Rockefeller. The keynote address was delivered by Tennessee Senator Howard Baker. Other notable speakers included Minnesota Representative Al Quie, retired Lieutenant Colonel and former Vietnam prisoner of war Raymond Schrump, former Texas Governor John Connally, Providence, Rhode Island mayor Vincent Cianci and Michigan Senator Robert P. Griffin. It is the last national convention by either of the two major parties to feature a seriously contested nomination between candidates. In 1974, Republican President Richard Nixon was forced to resign following the Watergate Scandal. Vice President Gerald Ford ascended to the presidency, leaving the office of vice president vacant. Under the terms of the 25th Amendment, a vice presidential vacancy is filled when the president nominates a candidate who is confirmed by both houses of Congress. On August 20, 1974, Ford announced his nomination of former New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller to fill the vacancy. Ford also considered picking Tennessee Senator Howard Baker and former Republican National Committee Chairman George H.W. Bush. Rockefeller was generally considered to be a liberal Republican, and Ford decided that picking Rockefeller would help his candidacy gain support in the 1976 presidential election. The confirmation hearings for Rockefeller lasted for months, but Rockefeller was sworn in as the 41st Vice President of the United States on December 19, 1974. Due to the pressure on Ford by the party conservatives, Rockefeller was ultimately passed over for the 1976 ticket, and Ford instead chose Bob Dole as his running mate. Ford, however, regreted this move later. This debate featured U.S. Senator Walter Mondale from Minnesota, the Democratic vice presidential nominee, and U.S. Senator Bob Dole from Kansas, the Republican vice presidential nominee. Charles Warren Fairbanks (May 11, 1852 – June 4, 1918) was an American politician who served as the 26th Vice President of the United States from 1905 to 1909 and a Senator from Indiana from 1897 to 1905. He was also the Republican vice presidential nominee in the 1916 presidential election. Robert Joseph Dole (born July 22, 1923) is an American lawyer and politician who represented Kansas in Congress from 1961 to 1996 and served as the Republican Leader of the United States Senate from 1985 until 1996. He was the Republican presidential nominee in the 1996 presidential election and the party's vice presidential nominee in the 1976 presidential election. [/INST] Answer: Robert Joseph Dole </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question What German-speaking philosopher, born of Jewish parentage in present-day ,praises a Polish rabbi for his benevolence? Context Rabbi Natan David Rabinowitz (1814-Szydłowiec, 1865), the son of Rabbi Yerachmiel of Przysucha, was a Polish rabbi who established a local Hasidic court. Elijah Ba'al Shem or Eliyahu Ba'al Shem of Chełm (government of Lublin) (born 1550; died at Chelm, 1583 ) was a Polish rabbi who served as chief rabbi of Chełm. He also studied Kabbalah, and, according to his descendant Tzvi Ashkenazi, created a golem. He is credited with creating the first golem with a ""shem"" (that is, using a combination of letters from one of the names of God to form a name; Elijah used ""Sefer Yezirah""), so he was known as a "Ba'al Shem." He is the first rabbi in history to be known by this title. Aryeh Löb ben Mordecai Ha-Levi Epstein ("Ba'al ha-Pardes") (1708 – June 26, 1775) was a Polish rabbi born in Grodno. At first he refused to become a rabbi, preferring to devote himself entirely to study, but in 1739 he was forced by poverty to accept the rabbinate of Brestovech, Lithuania, and in 1745 he became rabbi of Königsberg, where he remained until his death. He corresponded with Elijah, Gaon of Vilna, and with Jonathan Eybeschütz, with whom he sided in the quarrel about amulets (see Emden-Eybeschütz Controversy). Salomon Maimon ( ; ] ; Hebrew: שלמה מימון‎ ‎ ‎; 1753 – 22 November 1800) was a German-speaking philosopher, born of Jewish parentage in present-day Belarus. Yaakov Avigdor (also Jacob) (1896–1967) was a Polish rabbi, author and Holocaust survivor, who served as Chief Rabbi of Drohobych - Boryslav in Poland, and of the Ashkenazi Jewish community in Mexico. Meir Lublin or Meir ben Gedalia (1558 – 1616) was a Polish rabbi, Talmudist and Posek ("decisor of Jewish law"). He is well known for his commentary on the Talmud, "Meir Einai Chachamim". He is also referred to as Maharam (Hebrew acronym: "Our Teacher, Rabbi Meir"). Josef Hirsch Janow (1733 – 13 November 1785) was a Polish rabbi, who, on account of his great keenness in Talmudical discussions, was commonly called ""Hirsch Ḥarif"" (the acute). When in 1776 his father-in-law, Raphael Kohn, was elected rabbi of the 3 congregations Hamburg, Altona, and Wandsbeck, he succeeded him as rabbi of Posen. In the following year he was called to the rabbinate of Fürth. In 1779 he interdicted Moses Mendelssohn's German translation of the Pentateuch. Salomon Maimon, in his "Lebensgeschichte" (pp 280 et seq.), highly praises Hirsch Janow for his benevolence. He died at Fürth, Bavaria, on 13 November 1785. Rabbi Pinhas Hirschprung (19121998) was a Polish rabbi of Hasidic ancestry, who later emigrated to Montreal, Canada, where he served as Chief Rabbi. Joshua Höschel ben Joseph (died 16 August 1648) was a Polish rabbi born in Vilnius, Lithuania about 1578 and died in Cracow on August 16, 1648. In his boyhood, he journeyed to Przemyśl, Red Ruthenia, to study the Talmud under Rabbi Samuel ben Phoebus of Cracow. He returned to his native country, and continued his Talmudic studies in the city of Włodzimierz (Volodymyr, Volhynia) under Rabbi Joshua Falk. After his marriage to the daughter of Rabbi Samuel of Brest-Litovsk, he became rabbi of the city of Grodno, whence he was called to the rabbinate of Tiktin (Tykocin), and later to that of Przemyśl. In 1639 he became rabbi of Lemberg (Lviv, Ukraine) and in the following year he was appointed head of the yeshiva of Cracow. At Cracow Joshua devoted all his time to matters pertaining to the yeshiva, "din" (law), and religious decisions. As he was a man of wealth, he accepted no salary for the services he rendered to the Jewish community of Cracow. Jacob ben Ephraim (died in Lublin 1648) was a Polish rabbi. At first he occupied the post of rabbi and instructor at the yeshivah of that city, whence he was called to officiate as rabbi in Brest. There he entertained in 1631 R. Yom-Ṭob Lipman Heller, who speaks of him with great respect, and mentions his officiating as rabbi in the two cities cited ("Megillat Ebah," p. 28). From Brest he returned to Lublin as rabbi, and remained there till his death. [/INST] Answer: Salomon Maimon </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Which Golden Globe nominated actor stared in the 1996 film Last Resort? Context The Brandauer Ingenuus Ensemble is a theatre group based in Europe under the artistic conduction of Golden Globe Winner and Academy Awards nominated actor and director Klaus Maria Brandauer. A last resort is something that is used when all other options have been exhausted. Last Resort or The Last Resort may refer to: Lisa McGee is a stage and screen writer. She was born in Derry, Northern Ireland, and studied Drama at Queens University Belfast. She was writer on attachment with the Royal National Theatre in London in 2006. Her plays include JUMP, THE HEIGHTS" , NINETEEN NINETY TWO and the Stewart Parker and Blackburn award-winning GIRLS AND DOLLS . Television credits include, THE THINGS I HAVEN'T TOLD YOU for BBC 3, She created the Irish television series RAW for RTE, was a writer on three series' of the bafta nominated BEING HUMAN , BBC, she created the Channel 4 sitcom LONDON IRISH, has written on the golden globe nominated drama series THE WHITE QUEEN for BBC 1, and INDIAN SUMMERS for channel 4. Her stage play JUMP has been adapted into a film. The Golden Globe Award for Best Animated Feature Film was awarded for the first time at the 64th Golden Globe Awards in 2007. It was the first time that the Golden Globe Awards had created a separate category for animated films since its establishment. The nominations are announced in January and an awards ceremony is held later in the month. Initially, only three films are nominated for best animated film, in contrast to five nominations for the majority of other awards. The Pixar film "Cars" was the first recipient of the award. The award for best animated film has subsequently been presented to six other Pixar films: "Ratatouille" received the award in 2008, "WALL-E" was the recipient in 2009, "Up" received the award in 2010, "Toy Story 3" won in 2011, "Brave" won in 2013, and "Inside Out" won in 2016. In 2012, "Cars 2" lost to "The Adventures of Tintin", in 2014, "Monsters University" was the first not to be nominated and also in 2016, "The Good Dinosaur" lost to "Inside Out". In 2017, "Finding Dory" was also not nominated. The Hollywood Foreign Press Association has been awarding Golden Globe Awards since 1944. Last Resort is a 1996 American drama and action film directed by Lyman Dayton. The film starring Dave Buzzotta, Stephanie Dicker, Justin Walker, Harvey Silver and Scott Caan in the lead roles. Mary Jane Harper Cried Last Night is a Golden Globe nominated CBS television film starring Susan Dey as an abusive mother. The film, which aired in October 1977, was written and produced by Joanna Lee and featured a supporting cast including Rhea Perlman, Kevin McCarthy and Natasha Ryan as Mary Jane Harper. Loveleen Tandan is an Indian film director and casting director. She is the "Co-Director: India" of the four time Golden Globe, seven time BAFTA Award and eight Academy Award winning (including best picture) "Slumdog Millionaire" (2008), for which she shared a New York Film Critics Online Award, Rotterdam International Film Festival Award and Amanda Awards, Norway, of "Best Director" with Danny Boyle. She has also been the Casting Director for several other films, including the Golden Lion winning and Golden Globe nominated "Monsoon Wedding" (2001) and the BAFTA Award nominated "Brick Lane" (2007). She has been a Casting Consultant for the Gotham Award and Independent Spirit Award nominated film "The Namesake" (2007). The term lender of last resort (LOLR) originates from the French expression "dernier ressort". While the concept itself had been used previously, the term "lender of last resort" was supposedly first used in its current context by Sir Francis Baring, in his "Observations on the Establishment of the Bank of England", which was published in 1797. In 1763, the king was the lender of last resort in Prussia. Different definitions of the lender of last resort exist in the literature. A comprehensive one is the following: "the discretionary provision of liquidity to a financial institution (or the market as a whole) by the central bank in reaction to an adverse shock which causes an abnormal increase in demand for liquidity which cannot be met from an alternative source". Anupam Kher (born 7 March 1955) is an Indian actor who has appeared in over 500 films and many plays. Mainly working in Hindi films, he has also appeared in acclaimed international films such as the 2002 Golden Globe nominated "Bend It Like Beckham", Ang Lee's 2007 Golden Lion-winning "Lust, Caution", and David O. Russell's 2013 Oscar-winning "Silver Linings Playbook". Kher has won the Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Comic Role five times. For his performance in the 1988 film "Vijay" he won the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor. Scott Andrew Caan (born August 23, 1976) is an American actor. He currently stars as Detective Danny "Danno" Williams in the CBS television series "Hawaii Five-0" (2010–), for which he was nominated for a Golden Globe Award. Caan is also known for his recurring role as manager Scott Lavin in the HBO television series "Entourage" (2009–2011). He was also a part of 1990s rap group The Whooliganz with The Alchemist. The duo went by the names Mad Skillz and Mudfoot, respectively. [/INST] Answer: Scott Caan </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Paul Berg was part of a group that won the 1980 Nobel Prize in Chemistry along with a pioneer in which field? Context The Nobel Prize in Physics (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i fysik" ) is a yearly award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who conferred the most outstanding contributions for mankind in the field of physics. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901; the others being the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Yves Chauvin (] ; October 10, 1930 – January 27, 2015) was a French chemist and Nobel Prize laureate. He was honorary research director at the "Institut français du pétrole" and a member of the French Academy of Science. He was known for his work for deciphering the process of metathesis for which he was awarded the 2005 Nobel Prize in Chemistry along with Robert H. Grubbs and Richard R. Schrock. Walter Gilbert (born March 21, 1932) is an American biochemist, physicist, molecular biology pioneer, and Nobel laureate. Ada E. Yonath (Hebrew: עדה יונת‎ ‎ , ] ) (born 22 June 1939) is an Israeli crystallographer best known for her pioneering work on the structure of the ribosome. She is the current director of the Helen and Milton A. Kimmelman Center for Biomolecular Structure and Assembly of the Weizmann Institute of Science. In 2009, she received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry along with Venkatraman Ramakrishnan and Thomas A. Steitz for her studies on the structure and function of the ribosome, becoming the first Israeli woman to win the Nobel Prize out of ten Israeli Nobel laureates, the first woman from the Middle East to win a Nobel prize in the sciences, and the first woman in 45 years to win the Nobel Prize for Chemistry. However, she said herself that there was nothing special about a woman winning the Prize. Paul Berg (born June 30, 1926) is an American biochemist and professor emeritus at Stanford University. He was the recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1980, along with Walter Gilbert and Frederick Sanger. The award recognized their contributions to basic research involving nucleic acids. Berg received his undergraduate education at Penn State University, where he majored in biochemistry. He received his Ph.D. in biochemistry from Case Western Reserve University in 1952. Berg worked as a professor at Washington University School of Medicine and Stanford University School of Medicine, in addition to serving as the director of the Beckman Center for Molecular and Genetic Medicine. In addition to the Nobel Prize, Berg was presented with the National Medal of Science in 1983 and the National Library of Medicine Medal in 1986. Berg is a member of the Board of Sponsors for the "Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists". This is a list of Danish Nobel laureates. Since the Nobel Prize was established per the will of Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel in 1895, 12 of the prize winners have been from Denmark. The first Danish Nobel laureate was Niels Ryberg Finsen, who won a Nobel Prize for medicine in 1903 for his work in using light therapy to treat diseases. The most recent Danish Nobel Prize winner was Jens Skou who won the prize in chemistry for his discovery over the enzyme, Na+/K+-ATPase in 1997. To date, of the 13 Nobel Prizes won by Danish people, 5 have been for medicine, 3 have been for physics, 3 have been for literature, 1 has been for chemistry and one has been for peace. Aziz Sancar (born 8September 1946) is a Turkish-American biochemist and molecular biologist specializing in DNA repair, cell cycle checkpoints, and circadian clock. In 2015, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry along with Tomas Lindahl and Paul L. Modrich for their mechanistic studies of DNA repair. He has made contributions on photolyase and nucleotide excision repair in bacteria that have changed his field. Frederick Sanger ( ; 13 August 1918 – 19 November 2013) was a British biochemist who twice won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, one of only two people to have done so in the same category (the other is John Bardeen in physics), the fourth person overall with , and the third person overall with two Nobel Prizes in the sciences. In 1958, he was awarded a Nobel Prize in chemistry "for his work on the structure of proteins, especially that of insulin". In 1980, Walter Gilbert and Sanger shared half of the chemistry prize "for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids". The other half was awarded to Paul Berg "for his fundamental studies of the biochemistry of nucleic acids, with particular regard to recombinant DNA". Since 1901, the Nobel Prize in Literature (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i litteratur" ) has been awarded annually to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Alfred Nobel, produced "in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction" (original Swedish: "den som inom litteraturen har producerat det mest framstående verket i en idealisk riktning"). Though individual works are sometimes cited as being particularly noteworthy, here "work" refers to an author's work as a whole. The Swedish Academy decides who, if anyone, will receive the prize in any given year. The academy announces the name of the chosen laureate in early October. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895; the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Swedish: "Nobelpriset i kemi" ) is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of chemistry. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, who died in 1896. These prizes are awarded for outstanding contributions in chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. As dictated by Nobel's will, the award is administered by the Nobel Foundation and awarded by a committee that consists of five members elected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The first Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded in 1901 to Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, of the Netherlands. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a monetary award prize that has varied throughout the years. In 1901, van 't Hoff received 150,782 SEK, which is equal to 7,731,004 SEK in December 2007. The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death. [/INST] Answer: molecular biology </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Which director was born first, John Derek or Ralph Bakshi? Context Larry Gross (born 1953) is an American screenwriter, producer, and director. He is a visiting professor of film and new media at New York University Abu Dhabi. Best known for his collaborations with Walter Hill, his credits include "48 Hrs." (1982), "Streets of Fire" (1984), and uncredited contributions to Ralph Bakshi's "Cool World" (1992). He won the 2004 Waldo Salt Screenwriting Award at the Sundance Film Festival for "We Don't Live Here Anymore" (2004). His criticism has appeared in "Film Comment" and "Sight & Sound". Mighty Mouse is an American animated anthropomorphic, superhero mouse character created by the Terrytoons studio for 20th Century Fox. The character first appeared in 1942 (originally named Super Mouse) and subsequently in 80 theatrical films between 1942 and 1961. These films appeared on American television from 1955 through 1967, Saturday mornings on the CBS television network. The character was twice revived, by Filmation Studios in 1979 and in 1987 by animation director Ralph Bakshi, who had worked at the Terrytoons studio during his early career. Steven Eric Gordon (born 1960) is an American film director, character designer and animator, who is perhaps most well known for his work with animation film director Ralph Bakshi and on "X-Men Evolution". Terrytoons was a studio in New Rochelle, New York, that produced animated cartoons for theatrical release from 1930 - 1971. Terrytoons was founded by Paul Terry and operated out of the "K" Building in downtown New Rochelle. The studio created many cartoon characters including Heckle and Jeckle, Mighty Mouse, Gandy Goose, Sourpuss, Dinky Duck and Luno. The "New Terrytoons" period of the late 1950s through early 1970s produced such characters as Deputy Dawg, Hector Heathcote, Hashimoto, Sidney the Elephant, Possible Possum, James Hound, Astronut, Sad Cat and The Mighty Heroes. Adult animation pioneer Ralph Bakshi got his start as an animator, and eventually as a director, at Terrytoons. Terrytoons were originally released to theaters by 20th Century Fox. The Terrytoons library was later purchased by the CBS Corporation. Cool and the Crazy is a 1994 American drama film written and directed by Ralph Bakshi and starring Jared Leto and Alicia Silverstone. The story revolves around an unhappily married couple in the late 1950s who both lead separate affairs. The film was Bakshi's first feature-length live-action film, being primarily known as a director of animated films which heavily utilize live-action sequences, such as "Fritz the Cat", "Heavy Traffic", "Wizards", "American Pop" and "The Lord of the Rings". Jonathan Yudis is an American film director. He made his feature film debut in 2005 with "Pervert!", a tribute to the films of Russ Meyer. He also directed the live-action segments of the "Ren and Stimpy Adult Party Cartoon" episode "". His wife is the daughter of filmmaker Ralph Bakshi. Ralph Bakshi (born October 29, 1938) is an American director of animated and live-action films. In the 1970s, he established an alternative to mainstream animation through independent and adult-oriented productions. Between 1972 and 2015, he directed ten theatrically released feature films, six of which he wrote. He has been involved in numerous television projects as director, writer, producer and animator. John Derek (born Derek Delevan Harris; August 12, 1926 – May 22, 1998) was an American actor, director and photographer. He appeared in such films as "Knock on Any Door", "All the King's Men", and "Rogues of Sherwood Forest". He was also known for launching the career of his fourth wife, Bo Derek. Jim Reardon (born 1965) is an American animation director and storyboard consultant, best known for his work on the animated TV series "The Simpsons". He has directed over 30 episodes of the series, and was credited as a supervising director for seasons 9 through 15. Reardon attended the world-renowned Character Animation program at the California Institute of the Arts in 1982, where one of his students projects, the satirical cartoon "Bring Me the Head of Charlie Brown" (1986), has become a cult classic through the likes of YouTube. He was hired by John Kricfalusi as a writer on "" and later worked on "Tiny Toon Adventures". He has been described by Ralph Bakshi as "one of the best cartoon writers in the business". Fritz the Cat is a 1972 American adult animated comedy film written and directed by Ralph Bakshi. It was Bakshi's feature film debut and is loosely based on the Fritz the Cat comic strips by Robert Crumb. It was the first animated feature film to receive an X rating in the United States. [/INST] Answer: John Derek </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question The Future of Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia is a 2006 book by an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of what? Context Francis "Frank" Irwin Osborne (1853–1920) was the Attorney General of North Carolina from 1893 to 1896. Osborne was born in Charlotte, North Carolina and attended the University of Virginia before reading law for 2 years in the offices of Richmond Mumford Pearson, Chief Justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court. Osborne was admitted to the North Carolina Bar in 1875. At age 25, he was elected mayor of Charlotte, North Carolina and served in the office from 1879-1880. He was elected Attorney General of North Carolina in 1893, but, defeated for reelection to the same office in 1896. Osborne served a term as a state senator from Mecklenburg County, North Carolina in the North Carolina General Assembly from 1898-1899. He served on 9 standing Senate Committees. After 1899, Osborne resumed his legal practice at the law firm of Osborne, Maxwell & Kearn. Though, himself, a Democrat, in 1901 Osborne defended both North Carolina Supreme Court Chief Justice David M. Furches and North Carolina Supreme Court Associate Justice Robert Martin Douglas during their impeachment hearings. Osborne was of the opinion that the Republican judges’ impeachments were unwarranted and an attempted political purge. Osborne’s brilliant speech before the North Carolina General Assembly in closing defense of the justices caused both to be acquitted. As reward for his successful defense of the justices, Theodore Roosevelt in the same year appointed Osborne an associate justice of the United States Court of Private Land Claims. Martin S. Villarama Jr. (born April 14, 1946) is a Filipino lawyer who served as Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines from November 3, 2009 until January 16, 2016. Prior to his appointment as Associate Justice of the Supreme Court he had served as Associate Justice of Court of Appeals since March 11, 1998. He also served in the Regional Trial Court of Pasig as Judge from 1986 to 1998 and as its Executive Judge from 1992 to 1996. Suicide tourism, or euthanasia tourism, is the practice of potential suicide candidates travelling to a jurisdiction to commit assisted suicide or suicide. In some jurisdictions, assisted suicide is legal. Neil McGill Gorsuch ( ; born August 29, 1967) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. President Donald Trump nominated Gorsuch to succeed Antonin Scalia. Euthanasia is illegal in most of the United States. Physician aid in dying (PAD), or assisted suicide, is legal in the states of Washington DC, California, Colorado, Oregon, Vermont, and Washington; its status is disputed in Montana. The key difference between euthanasia and assisted suicide is who administers the lethal dose of medication: Euthanasia entails the physician or another third party administering the medication, whereas assisted suicide requires the patient to self-administer the medication and to determine whether and when to do this. Sheryl Gordon McCloud (born October 5, 1955) is an Associate Justice of the Washington Supreme Court. She was elected to replace outgoing Associate Justice Tom Chambers on Seat 9 of the Washington Supreme Court, winning 55.24% of the vote and defeating former Associate Justice Richard B. Sanders. She was appointed to her six-year term on January 1, 2013, by Christine Gregoire. With her election, the Washington Supreme Court is now majority-female. Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. ( ; March 8, 1841 – March 6, 1935) was an American jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1902 to 1932, and as Acting Chief Justice of the United States from January–February 1930. Noted for his long service, his concise and pithy opinions and his deference to the decisions of elected legislatures, he is one of the most widely cited United States Supreme Court justices in history, particularly for his "clear and present danger" opinion for a unanimous Court in the 1919 case of "Schenck v. United States", and is one of the most influential American common law judges, honored during his lifetime in Great Britain as well as the United States. Holmes retired from the Court at the age of 90 years, making him the oldest Justice in the Supreme Court's history. He also served as an Associate Justice and as Chief Justice on the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, and was Weld Professor of Law at the Harvard Law School, of which he was an alumnus. The Future of Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia is a 2006 book by Neil Gorsuch. The book presents legal and moral arguments against euthanasia and assisted suicide, advocating for the retention of bans on the practices. It explores case histories from jurisdictions that have legalized the practice, including Oregon and the Netherlands. The Peaceful Pill Handbook is a book setting out information on assisted suicide and voluntary euthanasia. It was originally published in the U.S. in 2006 and was written by the Australian doctors Philip Nitschke and Fiona Stewart. In 2008 the on-line handbook was launched. Called "The Peaceful Pill eHandbook", it contains video clips on assisted suicide and voluntary euthanasia methods and related issues, but does not provide "how-to" instructions. The eHandbook is updated six times a year. A German edition of the print book — "Die Friedliche Pille" — was published in 2011. A French edition — "La Pilule Paisible" — was published in June 2015. Bert Keizer (born 1947 in Amersfoort) is a Dutch writer and physician. He studied philosophy in Nottingham from 1968, then medicine in Amsterdam from 1972 where he graduated from in 1981. Keizer then worked as a doctor in Kenya, and later in a nursing home in Amsterdam. As a physician in a nursing home he has written about physician assisted suicide (which has been legal in the Netherlands for some years), most notably in his book "Het refrein is Hein", which was translated into English (by Keizer himself) as "Dancing with Mr D". His style is contemplative, with an undercurrent of realism (or some would say pessimism) about the limits of medicine which most people prefer not to think about, and a remarkable intellectual honesty about the emotions of the patient as well as the physician. While the topic of euthanasia and assisted suicide was the most salient point for the literary criticism, it is not a very large part of the book. [/INST] Answer: the United States </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Which 2008 French comedy film is directed, co-written by and starring Dany Boon and is compared to successful film "Ocho apellidos vascos?" Context Raid dingue is a 2016 French comedy film written and directed by Dany Boon. Nothing to Declare (French: "Rien à déclarer" ) is a 2010 French comedy film, written and directed by Dany Boon. Allí abajo (English: "Down there") is a Spanish television comedy series produced by Plano a Plano for Antena 3. Although it is compared to successful film "Ocho apellidos vascos", creators César Benítez and Aitor Gabilondo claim they had on their minds the concept of the show long before the movie, and that it has more in common with French film "Bienvenue chez les Ch'tis". It premiered to more than 6 million viewers on a simulcast airing on Antena 3, Neox and Nova, becoming the most-watched series premiere of a Spanish television show since "Aída" in 2005 and the best series premiere for an Antena 3 show since "Compuesta y sin novio" in 1994. Ocho apellidos catalanes (English: Eight Catalan Surnames ), known as Spanish Affair 2 in English, is a Spanish comedy film directed by Emilio Martínez-Lázaro. It is the sequel to the successful 2014 film "Ocho apellidos vascos" ("Spanish Affair"), with the four main actors reprising their characters. It premiered in Spain on 20 November 2015. Supercondriaque (also known as Superchondriac) is a 2014 French comedy film written and directed by Dany Boon. De l'autre côté du lit (English: "Changing Sides" ) is a 2008 French comedy film directed by Pascale Pouzadoux and starring Sophie Marceau and Dany Boon. Adapted from the novel of the same name by Alix Girod de l'Ain, the film is about a husband and wife who decide to exchange their lives for a year in order to save their marriage. "De l'autre côté du lit" was filmed on location in Paris. Emilio Martínez-Lázaro (born 1945) is a Spanish film director famous for such films as "The Other Side of the Bed" and "Ocho Apellidos Vascos". La Maison du Bonheur (The House of Happiness) is a 2006 French comedy film directed by Dany Boon, adapted from the play "La Vie de chantier" (Life on a building site). Ocho apellidos vascos (English: Eight Basque Surnames ), known as Spanish Affair in English, is a 2014 Spanish comedy film directed by Emilio Martínez-Lázaro. It premiered in Spain on March 14, 2014. Six weeks after its release, it became the second biggest box office hit ever in Spain, behind "Avatar". Bienvenue chez les Ch'tis (] ; English: Welcome to the Sticks or Welcome to the Land of Shtis) is a 2008 French comedy film directed, co-written by and starring Dany Boon, co-starring Kad Merad and Zoé Félix. [/INST] Answer: Bienvenue chez les Ch'tis </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Are Redbook and Alt for Damerne aimed towards the same gender demographic? Context ABC Spark is a Canadian English-language Category B digital cable and satellite television specialty channel which is owned by Corus Entertainment, and launched on March 23, 2012. The channel is the replacement and successor to Dusk. ABC Spark is based on the U.S. cable network of Freeform (previously known as ABC Family). The channel primarily consists of programming aimed at teenagers and preteens, and has an additional interest in programming aimed towards families. The channel's name and various programs are licensed from the Disney–ABC Television Group, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company. Usabilla B.V. is a Dutch software as a service company founded in 2009. Initially focusing on image surveying tools aimed towards UX and Web Designers, Usabilla has since changed focus to website user feedback tools aimed at capturing the voice of the customer . The College of Education at Michigan State University (MSU) is a community of students, educators and researchers aimed towards education and kinesiology. The college is aimed towards to improving practice together through exemplary research, teaching and service. With a five-year teacher preparation program, training for health-related careers and several nationally ranked graduate programs, the College of Education prepares leaders to impact learning and human development around the world. Studio 23 (officially Studio 23, Inc. and previously AMCARA Broadcasting Network) was a Filipino television network owned by ABS-CBN Corporation. The network is named for its flagship station in Metro Manila, DWAC-TV, which is carried on UHF channel 23. The network is a sister network of the main channel, ABS-CBN, airing programming aimed towards young adults, such as North American imports and other English-language programming, and original Filipino programming aimed at the demographic as well, such as supplemental programming for ABS-CBN programs. This station studios are located at 3/F ABS-CBN Broadcast Center, Sgt. Esguerra Ave., Mother Ignacia St., Diliman, Quezon City. The National Library Board (Abbreviation: NLB; ; Malay: "Lembaga Perpustakaan Negara"; Tamil: தேசிய நூலக வாரியம் ) is a statutory board of the Ministry of Communications and Information, Singapore. Tasked to manage the public libraries and to lead them into the Information Age where non-print resources are making their mark, the NLB is aimed towards the creation of "borderless libraries," an initiative aimed at bringing the libraries closer to Singaporeans, and to connect Singaporeans with the outside world. Viceland is a Canadian English language Category A specialty channel. Owned by Rogers Media, it is a Canadian version of Vice Media's Viceland network, and broadcasts lifestyle-oriented documentary and reality series aimed towards a young adult demographic. ALT for Damerne (meaning "All for the Ladies" in English) is a Danish language weekly women's magazine published in Copenhagen, Denmark. Redbook is an American women's magazine published by the Hearst Corporation. It is one of the "Seven Sisters", a group of women's service magazines. WARM (590 AM) is a radio station licensed to the city of Scranton, Pennsylvania. The station is currently owned by Cumulus Media. The station is a Class B AM broadcasting station according to the Federal Communications Commission. WARM broadcasts with a power of 5,000 watts with two types of directional antenna signal patterns during daytime and nighttime. The antenna patterns of the signal in both instances are generally aimed towards the southeast with some signal aimed towards the northwest from its transmitting facility located 15 miles northwest of Scranton in Falls, Pennsylvania. WARM uses five, 495 feet high broadcasting towers to transmit its signal from that location. The station used to derive a portion of its programming from Scott Shannon's The True Oldies Channel from Cumulus Media Networks. The 2008 Sri Lanka roadside bombings were two separate roadside bombings that killed 32 people and injured 62 others on January 16, 2008. The first roadside bomb was aimed towards a civilian bus, with gunmen shooting at fleeing survivors and then retreating into the bush, killing farmers who encountered them. The second roadside bomb was aimed towards a military vehicle, injuring three soldiers. The Sri Lankan Government has blamed the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) for the attacks. [/INST] Answer: yes </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Which American professional is a wrestler and actor signed to WWE? Context Brock Edward Lesnar ( ; born July 12, 1977) is an American professional wrestler and former professional mixed martial artist, professional American football player and amateur wrestler who is currently signed with WWE. He performs on the Raw brand where he is the current WWE Universal Champion in his first reign. The Miracle Ultraviolence Connection is an American professional wrestling tag team currently performing on the independent circuit. Consisting of Cheech and Cloudy, the team has performed under a number of different names and also functioned as a stable called The Miracle Ultraviolence Connection from 2007 to 2008 with Brodie Lee as a member. Up In Smoke has achieved championship success in a number of promotions, including Independent Wrestling Association Mid-South, and has also seen greater exposure upon performing in other independent promotions such as Chikara, Combat Zone Wrestling, Ring of Honor and Evolve. Austin Jenkins (born July 5, 1989), is an American professional wrestler and actor signed to WWE, where he performs in its developmental branch NXT under the ring name Adam Cole. He is known for his work in Ring of Honor (ROH). When he performed for ROH, he became a three-time ROH World Champion, and was the first wrestler to achieve this feat. In addition, he is a one-time ROH World Television Champion. He is also known for his work in New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW). Taylor Michael Rotunda (born May 25, 1990) is an American professional wrestler and actor signed to WWE, where he performs on the Raw brand under the ring name Bo Dallas. Dustin Patrick Runnels (born April 11, 1969) is an American professional wrestler who is currently signed to WWE on the Raw brand under the ring name Goldust. He is the son of the late WWE Hall of Famer Dusty Rhodes and the half-brother of former WWE wrestler Cody Rhodes. Runnels' enigmatic, flamboyant, sexually ambiguous gimmick of "Goldust" has remained popular in WWF/E. Virgil Riley Runnels Jr. (October 12, 1945 – June 11, 2015), better known as "The American Dream" Dusty Rhodes, was an American professional wrestler, booker, and trainer who most notably worked for the National Wrestling Alliance, Jim Crockett Promotions, and the World Wrestling Federation, later known as the WWE. Following his retirement from wrestling, he made occasional on-air appearances on WWE television and pay-per-views and worked as a backstage booker and producer in WWE's NXT developmental territory. Billed as "the son of a plumber", Rhodes did not have a typical wrestler's physique; his character was that of the "Common Man", known for the personality exhibited in his interviews. WWE chairman Vince McMahon remarked that no wrestler "personified the essence of charisma quite like Dusty Rhodes". John Felix Anthony Cena ( ; born April 23, 1977) is an American professional wrestler, rapper, actor, and reality television show host. He is currently signed to WWE, where he is a free agent, appearing for both the Raw and SmackDown brands. Cena started his professional wrestling career in 1999 with Ultimate Pro Wrestling (UPW) and won the UPW Heavyweight Championship the following year. Cena signed a developmental contract with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, later renamed to World Wrestling Entertainment, or simply WWE) in 2001, debuting on the WWE main roster in 2002. Glenn Thomas Jacobs (born April 26, 1967), better known by the ring name Kane, is an American professional wrestler, insurance broker, politician and actor signed to WWE on the SmackDown brand, but on hiatus from the company since December 2016 while running for the office of mayor of Knox County, Tennessee. Jon Huber (born December 16, 1979) is an American professional wrestler and actor signed to WWE, where he performs on the SmackDown brand under the ring name Luke Harper. Andrew William Hankinson (born December 22, 1983) is an American professional wrestler and promoter, currently signed with WWE on the Raw brand under the ring name Luke Gallows. During his first stint with the promotion, Hankinson also appeared briefly as an imposter of the wrestler Kane during 2006 and then returned as Festus, a seemingly mentally handicapped character who teamed with Jesse (Ray Gordy), but the team achieved little success. After disappearing from television, Hankinson later became the enforcer and "disciple" of CM Punk, sporting a cleaner, militant look, with the Festus character's "real identity" revealed as Luke Gallows. His first run in WWE ended in 2010. He is perhaps best known for working for New Japan Pro Wrestling under the ring name Doc Gallows, and he also wrestled prominently under the TNA banner, where he was a member of the heel Aces & Eights stable under the ring name D.O.C. (Director of Chaos). Along with Karl Anderson, Hankinson has won the WWE Raw Tag Team Championship once since returning to WWE, and he also held the IWGP Tag Team Championship three times with Anderson, making them one of only three tag teams (with The Steiner Brothers and The Dudley Boyz) to have held both titles between those promotions. [/INST] Answer: Luke Harper </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question The Atlas Fountain stands in the grounds of Castle Howard, a stately home in North Yorkshire, in which country? Context Bishopthorpe Palace is a stately home and historic house at Bishopthorpe south of York in the City of York unitary authority and ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. It is on the River Ouse and is the official residence of the Archbishop of York; within the local area it is sometimes simply called "the Archbishop's Palace". Farnley Hall is a stately home in Farnley, North Yorkshire, England. It is located near Otley. The original early seventeenth-century house was added to in the 1780s by John Carr, who also designed Harewood House. The hall is now a Grade I listed building. The Yorkshire Arboretum is an arboretum situated near Malton in North Yorkshire, England. It is run as a joint enterprise between Castle Howard Estates and Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Originating in 1959, it comprises more than 6,000 trees, including some that are rare or endangered, across a site of 128 acres . Howsham Hall is a 28336 sqft grade I listed Jacobean stately home in Howsham, North Yorkshire, England. Goldsborough Hall is a Jacobean stately home located in the village of Goldsborough, North Yorkshire, England. It is a member of the Historic Houses Association. The house itself is a Grade II* listed building. The current Hall was built for Sir Richard Hutton (1560–1639) after he acquired the Goldsborough Estate in 1598. The original building still stands and is occupied as a private family home that is not open to the public. The Hall is available for bed and breakfast guest accommodation or exclusive hire for weddings and private functions. Longleat is an English stately home and the seat of the Marquesses of Bath. It is a leading and early example of the Elizabethan prodigy house. It is adjacent to the village of Horningsham and near the towns of Warminster and Westbury in Wiltshire and Frome in Somerset. It is noted for its Elizabethan country house, maze, landscaped parkland and safari park. The house is set in 1000 acre of parkland landscaped by Capability Brown, with 4000 acre of let farmland and 4000 acre of woodland, which includes a Center Parcs holiday village. It was the first stately home to open to the public, and the Longleat estate includes the first safari park outside Africa. Castle Howard is a stately home in North Yorkshire, England, 15 mi north of York. It is a private residence, and has been the home of the Carlisle branch of the Howard family for more than 300 years. Castle Howard railway station was a minor railway station serving the village of Welburn and the stately home at Castle Howard in North Yorkshire, England. On the York to Scarborough Line it was opened on 5 July 1845 by the York and North Midland Railway. The architect was George Townsend Andrews. It closed to passenger traffic on 22 September 1930 but continued to be staffed until the 1950s for small volumes of freight and parcels. The Atlas Fountain stands in the grounds of Castle Howard, North Yorkshire, England. It has been designated a Grade I listed building and is now recorded in the National Heritage List for England, maintained by Historic England. Welburn is a village and civil parish in the Ryedale district of North Yorkshire, England, on the north bank of the River Derwent. It lies on the edge of the Howardian Hills, near to the stately home Castle Howard. It is about 14 miles from York and 5 miles south-west of Malton/Norton. It is a popular area for walkers and bird-watchers. The parish's population was estimated at 523 people in 2013. This figure includes the developments at Crambeck, Holmes Crescent and Chestnut Avenue that are some distance outside the heart of the village. [/INST] Answer: England </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question ACES II is an ejection seat system manufactured by the United Technologies Aerospace Systems (UTAS) division of the United Technologies Corporation (UTC), it is used in which supersonic variable-sweep wing, heavy bomber used by the United States Air Force (USAF)? Context The Hurricane Supersonic Research Site (HSRS) was formerly on Hurricane Mesa in Washington County, Utah. It was a United States Air Force (USAF) launch complex with a rocket research track that launched a rocket ejection seat from a supersonic sled. UTC Aerospace Systems (UTAS) was formed by United Technologies Corporation in August 2012 by combining two companies: Goodrich Corporation and Hamilton Sundstrand. UTC Aerospace Systems is headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina. United Technologies Corporation (UTC) is an American multinational conglomerate headquartered in Farmington, Connecticut. It researches, develops, and manufactures products in numerous areas, including aircraft engines, aerospace systems, HVAC, elevators and escalators, fire and security, building systems, and industrial products, among others. UTC is also a large military contractor, getting about 10% of its revenue from the U.S. government. Gregory J. Hayes is the CEO and chairman. The Rockwell B-1 Lancer is a supersonic variable-sweep wing, heavy bomber used by the United States Air Force (USAF). It is commonly called the "Bone" (from "B-One"). It is one of three strategic bombers in the USAF fleet , the other two being the B-2 Spirit "Stealth Bomber", and the B-52 Stratofortress. Rohr, Inc., a wholly owned unit of United Technologies Corporation, an aerospace manufacturing company based in Chula Vista, California, south of San Diego. Rohr, Inc. operates as a subsidiary and largest business unit of UTC Aerospace Systems. It was founded in 1940 as Rohr Aircraft. The Eighth Air Force (8 AF) is a numbered air force (NAF) of the United States Air Force Global Strike Command (AFGSC). It is headquartered at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana. The command serves as Air Forces Strategic – Global Strike, one of the air components of United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM). The Eighth Air Force includes the heart of America's heavy bomber force: the B-2 Spirit stealth bomber, the B-1 Lancer supersonic bomber, and the B-52 Stratofortress heavy bomber aircraft. Network Centric Product Support (NCPS) is an early application of an Internet of Things (IoT) computer architecture developed to leverage new information technologies and global networks to assist in managing maintenance, support and supply chain of complex products made up of one or more complex systems, such as in a mobile aircraft fleet or fixed location assets such as in building systems. This is accomplished by establishing digital threads connecting the physical deployed subsystem with its design Digital Twins virtual model by embedding intelligence through networked micro-web servers that also function as a computer workstation within each subsystem component (i.e. Engine control unit on an aircraft) or other controller and enabling 2-way communications using existing Internet technologies and communications networks - thus allowing for the extension of a product lifecycle management (PLM) system into a mobile, deployed product at the subsystem level in real time. NCPS can be considered to be the support flip side of Network-centric warfare, as this approach goes beyond traditional logistics and aftermarket support functions by taking a complex adaptive system management approach and integrating field maintenance and logistics in a unified factory and field environment. Its evolution began out of insights gained by CDR Dave Loda (USNR) from Network Centric Warfare-based fleet battle experimentation at the US Naval Warfare Development Command (NWDC) in the late 1990s, who later lead commercial research efforts of NCPS in aviation at United Technologies Corporation. Interaction with the MIT Auto-ID Labs, EPCglobal, the Air Transport Association of America ATA Spec 100/iSpec 2200 and other consortium pioneering the emerging machine to machine Internet of Things (IoT) architecture contributed to the evolution of NCPS. ACES II is an ejection seat system manufactured by the United Technologies Aerospace Systems (UTAS) division of the United Technologies Corporation (UTC). ACES is an acronym for Advanced Concept Ejection Seat. It is used in Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II, McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle, General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon, Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor, Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk, Rockwell B-1 Lancer, WB-57, and Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit aircraft. Over 10,000 ACES II seats have been produced with over 5,000 actively flying throughout the world as of 2013. It is known throughout the industry as the lowest life cycle cost third generation seat due to the USAF owning the rights to the seat, facilitating competitive replacement part procurement. In addition, the buying power of 5,000 in-service seats and previous service life extension programs have further driven down support costs. Hamilton Sundstrand was an American globally active corporation that manufactured and supported aerospace and industrial products for worldwide markets. A subsidiary of United Technologies Corporation, it was headquartered in Windsor Locks, Connecticut. The company was formed from the merger of Hamilton Standard and Sundstrand Corporation in 1999. In 2012, Hamilton Sundstrand was merged with Goodrich Corporation to form UTC Aerospace Systems. On 21 January 1968, an aircraft accident (sometimes known as the Thule affair or Thule accident ( ); Danish: "Thuleulykken" ) involving a United States Air Force (USAF) B-52 bomber occurred near Thule Air Base in the Danish territory of Greenland. The aircraft was carrying four hydrogen bombs on a Cold War "Chrome Dome" alert mission over Baffin Bay when a cabin fire forced the crew to abandon the aircraft before they could carry out an emergency landing at Thule Air Base. Six crew members ejected safely, but one who did not have an ejection seat was killed while trying to bail out. The bomber crashed onto sea ice in North Star Bay, Greenland, causing the conventional explosives aboard to detonate and the nuclear payload to rupture and disperse, which resulted in radioactive contamination. [/INST] Answer: Rockwell B-1 Lancer </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Which film director has directed 40 films between 1946 and 1988: Walerian Borowczyk or Sekhar Kammula? Context Abijeet Duddala (born 11 October 1988) is an Indian film actor. He made his debut as the narrative main lead "Srinu" in the film "Life Is Beautiful" directed by Sekhar Kammula in the year 2012. Happy Days is a 2007 Telugu musical coming of age film written, produced and directed by Sekhar Kammula. The target audience for this movie was primarily the engineering college students in the Telugu speaking states. The Kannada remake was called "Jolly days" and in Tamil as "Inidhu Inidhu" by noted Indian actor Prakash Raj. The film won 6 Filmfare Awards South, and 3 Nandi Awards. The Hindi remake of Happy Days will be directed by Sekhar himself,and it will be co-produced by Salman Khan. Mr. and Mrs. Kabal's Theatre ("Théâtre de Monsieur & Madame Kabal") is a 1967 French animated film directed by Walerian Borowczyk. It is Borowczyk's first feature-length film and his last animated film. It consists of a sequence of loosely connected scenes, much like a vaudeville program, in which Mr. and Mrs. Kabal perform absurd, surreal, and sometimes cruel acts. Borowczyk introduced the personnel in his short film "Le Concert de Monsieur et Madame Kabal" in 1962. Gottimukkala Venkata Rama Raju (Telugu: గొట్టిముక్కల వెంకట రామరాజు ) is an Indian film director and scriptwriter associated with Telugu cinema. He is basically from the town of Bhimavaram, West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh. Ramaraju has undertaken many professions in his life and finally ended up in film industry. His first movie "Mallela Theeram Lo Sirimalle Puvvu" starring Kranthi, "Sri Divya" receiving critical acclaim from the directors Sekhar Kammula, V. V. Vinayak and Harish Shankar His second movie "Oka Manasu' is a romantic drama starring Niharika Konidela" and "Naga Shourya" which released June 2016. Anand ( ) is a 2004 Telugu drama film that was directed, produced and written by Sekhar Kammula. The film has the tagline " Manchi coffee lanti cinema" meaning a movie that is like a cup of good coffee. The lead roles were played by Raja and Kamalinee Mukherjee. The film was well received by critics and owing to its success at the box office, it was remade in Tamil as "Ninaithale". The film's basic story was also chosen as the subject for Sekhar Kammula's thesis screenplay which was a requirement for his Masters in Fine Arts at Howard University. The film was screened at the International Film Festival of India in the mainstream section. Walerian Borowczyk (21 October 1923 – 3 February 2006) was an internationally known Polish film director described by film critics as a 'genius who also happened to be a pornographer'. He directed 40 films between 1946 and 1988. Borowczyk settled in Paris in 1959. His career as a film director was mainly in France. Immoral Tales (French: "Contes immoraux" ) is a 1973 French anthology film directed by Walerian Borowczyk. The film was Borowczyk's most sexually explicit at the time. The film is split into four erotic-themed stories that involve the loss of virginity, masturbation, bloodlust, and incest. Life Is Beautiful is a 2012 Telugu coming-of-age drama film written, produced and directed by Sekhar Kammula. The film stars six newcomers with Shriya Saran, Anjala Zaveri and Amala Akkineni in key roles. The movie was jointly produced by Sekhar Kammula and Chandrasekhar Kammula under Amigos Creations banner. Soundtrack of the film was composed by Mickey J Meyer and the cinematography was handled by Vijay C. Kumar. Kumar Shekhar Kammula is an Indian film director, screenwriter and producer from Padmarao Nagar, known for his works exclusively in Telugu cinema. Sai Kiran Adivi is an Indian film director and producer in the Telugu film industry. He first worked as an assistant to Sekhar Kammula and made his debut with "Vinayakudu" (2008), starring Krishnudu in the lead role. His next film was "Village Lo Vinayakudu", the sequel to "Vinayakudu". Adivi owns the production company and is C.E.O. of "My Dream Cinema PVT. LTD". [/INST] Answer: Walerian Borowczyk </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Who was the American political activist that was a supporter of women's suffrage movement and was also the wife of the author who wrote American Slavery As It Is: Testimony of a Thousand Witnesses? Context Emma ʻAʻima Aʻii Nāwahī (September 28, 1854 – December 28, 1935) was a Native Hawaiian political activist, community leader and newspaper publisher. She and her husband Joseph Nāwahī were leaders in the opposition to the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii and they co-founded "Ke Aloha Aina", a Hawaiian language newspaper, which served as an important voice in the resistance to the annexation of Hawaii to the United States. After annexation, she helped established the Democratic Party of Hawaii and became a supporter of the women's suffrage movement. Angelina Emily Grimké Weld (February 20, 1805 – October 26, 1879) was an American political activist, women's rights advocate, supporter of the women's suffrage movement, and besides her sister, Sarah Moore Grimké, the only known white Southern woman to be a part of the abolition movement. While she was raised a Southerner, she spent her entire adult life living in the North. The time of her greatest fame was between 1836, when a letter she sent to William Lloyd Garrison was published in his anti-slavery newspaper, "The Liberator", and May 1838, when she gave a speech to abolitionists gathered in Philadelphia, with a hostile crowd throwing stones and shouting outside the hall. The essays and speeches she produced in that two-year period were incisive arguments to end slavery and to advance women's rights. Anne Dallas Dudley ("née" Annie Willis Dallas; November 13, 1876 – September 13, 1955) was a prominent activist in the women's suffrage movement in the United States. After founding the Nashville Equal Suffrage League and serving as its president, she moved up through the ranks of the movement, serving as President of the Tennessee Equal Suffrage Association and then as Third Vice President of the National American Woman Suffrage Association, where she helped lead efforts to get the Nineteenth Amendment to the US Constitution ratified, giving women the right to vote nationwide. She is especially noted for her successful efforts to get the Nineteenth Amendment ratified in her home state of Tennessee, the final state necessary to bring the amendment into force. American Slavery As It Is: Testimony of a Thousand Witnesses is a book written by the American abolitionist Theodore Dwight Weld, his wife Angelina Grimké and her sister Sarah Grimké, which was published in 1839. Grace Julian Clarke (September 1865–June 18, 1938) was a clubwoman, women's suffrage activist, newspaper journalist, and author from Indiana. As the daughter of George Washington Julian and the granddaughter of Joshua Reed Giddings, both of whom were abolitionists and members of the U.S. Congress, Clarke's family exposed her to social reform issues at an early age. She is credited with reviving the women's suffrage movement in Indiana, where she was especially active in the national campaign for women’s suffrage in the early twentieth century. She is best known for founding and leading the Indiana State Federation of Women's Clubs, the Legislative Council, and Indiana's Women's Franchise League (an affiliate of the National American Woman Suffrage Association and the predecessor to the League of Women Voters of Indiana). Clarke was the author of three books related to her father's life, and was a columnist for the "Indianapolis Star" from 1911 to 1929. The women's suffrage movement in Washington State was part of the broader Women's suffrage movement. In Washington, women gained and lost the right to vote repeatedly. Adeline E. Knapp (March 14, 1860 – c. June 1909) was an American journalist, author, social activist, environmentalist and educator, who is today remembered largely for her tempestuous lesbian relationship with Charlotte Perkins Gilman. In her lifetime, Knapp was known as a fixture of the turn-of-the-century San Francisco Bay Area literary scene. An outspoken writer who often addressed controversial topics in her columns for the "San Francisco Call", Knapp wrote on a wide range of subjects from livestock to the Annexation of Hawaii. Though often drawn to progressive causes like child labor and conservation, Knapp also tended to espouse reactionary views, as evidenced by her anti-Chinese sentiments and criticisms of the women's suffrage movement. At a time when many American women were joining the movement to extend political and voting rights to women, Knapp spoke in state senate hearings in New York expressing doubts about the benefits of suffrage to women, and she allowed her speeches and letters on the topic to be used as propaganda by the anti-suffragism movement. Knapp was also the author of numerous short stories, as well as a novel set in the Arizona desert—works reflecting her outdoor enthusiast sensibilities, keen intellect, and interest in Western regionalism. These works, though praised in her lifetime, today have few readers among enthusiasts of Western fiction. The People's Suffrage Federation was a British Adult Suffrage organisation. It was created by a merger of the Co-operative Women's Guild and the Women's Labour League in 1909. Led by Margaret Llewelyn Davies, who was the former Co-operative Women's Guild general secretary. The group believed that the Women's Suffrage movement was being damaged by class divisions, such as those which resulted in the split between the Women's Social and Political Union and the Women's Freedom League. They also thought that universal suffrage would be more popular with the liberal Government as it was likely that if only privileged women were granted voting rights, then this would likely aid the conservative vote in future elections. History of Woman Suffrage is a book that was produced by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Matilda Joslyn Gage and Ida Husted Harper. Published in six volumes from 1881 to 1922, it is a history of the women's suffrage movement, primarily in the United States. Its more than 5700 pages are the major source for primary documentation about the women's suffrage movement from its beginnings through the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which enfranchised women in the U.S. in 1920. Written from the viewpoint of the wing of the movement led by Stanton and Anthony, its coverage of rival groups and individuals is limited. Suffrage drama (also known as Suffrage Plays or Suffrage theatre) is a form of dramatic literature that emerged during the British women’s suffrage movement in the early twentieth century. Suffrage performances lasted approximately from 1907-1914. Many suffrage plays called for a predominant or all female cast. Suffrage plays served to reveal issues behind the suffrage movement. These plays also revealed many of the double standards that women faced on a daily basis. Suffrage theatre was a form of realist theatre, which was influenced by the plays of Henrik Ibsen. Suffrage theatre combined familiar everyday situations with relatable characters on the stage in the style of realist theatre. [/INST] Answer: Angelina Grimké </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Do the films The Big Green and McFarland, USA both revolve around children playing sports? Context The 2015–16 Dartmouth Big Green men's basketball team represented Dartmouth College during the 2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Big Green, led by sixth-year head coach Paul Cormier, played their home games at Leede Arena in Hanover, New Hampshire and were members of the Ivy League. The Big Green finished the season 10–18, 4–10 in Ivy League play to finish in sixth place. The Big Green Island, part of the Big Green Group within the Furneaux Group, is a 122 ha granite island with limestone and dolerite outcrops, located in Bass Strait west of Flinders Island, in Tasmania, in south-eastern Australia. The island is partly contained within a nature reserve with the rest being used for farming; and is part of the Chalky, Big Green and Badger Island Groups Important Bird Area. Children Playing with a Goat is an 18th-century grisaille painting in the style of Jacob de Wit, known as a "witje". It shows a relief of children playing with a goat after a relief by Francois Duquesnoy. It is in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. McFarland, USA (also known as McFarland) is a 2015 American sports drama film directed by Niki Caro, produced by Mark Ciardi and Gordon Gray, written by Christopher Cleveland, Bettina Gilois and Grant Thompson with music composed by Antônio Pinto. The film was co-produced by Walt Disney Pictures and Mayhem Pictures. Based on the true story of a 1987 cross country team from a mainly Latino high school in McFarland, California, the film stars Kevin Costner as Jim White, the school's coach, who leads the team to win a state championship. The film also stars Maria Bello and Morgan Saylor. Akhtar Naraghi is a Canadian poet, writer and scholar. She holds a doctorate in English literature from McGill University and works in English. Her novels are all written in the first person, and revolve around the narrator's efforts to make a home in new surroundings, in different cultures. She has published four novels, in the first three of which – "The Big Green House" (1994; short-listed for the QSPELL Hugh McLennan Prize for Fiction in 1995), "Blue Curtains" (1999) and "With Mara That Summer" (2004) – the narrator-protagonist recounts episodes from her life, beginning in early childhood and ending with her declining years. Her latest novel, "On the Train to My Village" (2011), is a story of love and the artist's existence partly inspired by the author's time spent in the Gaspé region of Quebec. Her work has been translated into French, Persian and German. The Green Gathering, formerly known as the Big Green Gathering is a festival with an environmental and social justice focus, including workshops and talks on permaculture, politics, ecology and crafts, as well as art, live music and spoken word performances. The first Big Green Gathering was held in 1994 and the festival is currently held in Chepstow, Monmouthshire although it has previously been held in various locations in Somerset and Wiltshire, England. The Big Green is a 1995 family sports comedy film by Walt Disney Pictures starring Olivia d'Abo and Steve Guttenberg, written and directed by Holly Goldberg Sloan. It also stars Bug Hall, Chauncey Leopardi, and Patrick Renna. The film is about the antics of a soccer team consisting of a misfit group of small town kids who are coached by a teacher from England. Motion pictures featuring Santa Claus abound and apparently constitute their own subgenre of the Christmas film genre. Early films of Santa revolve around similar simple plots of Santa's Christmas Eve visit to children. In 1897, in a short film called "Santa Claus Filling Stockings", Santa Claus is simply filling stockings from his pack of toys. Another film called "Santa Claus and the Children" was made in 1898. A year later, a film directed by George Albert Smith in titled "Santa Claus" (or "The Visit from Santa Claus" in the United Kingdom) was created. In this picture, Santa Claus enters the room from the fireplace and proceeds to trim the tree. He then fills the stockings that were previously hung on the mantle by the children. After walking backward and surveying his work, he suddenly darts at the fireplace and disappears up the chimney. "Santa Claus' Visit" in 1900 featured a scene with two little children kneeling at the feet of their mother and saying their prayers. The mother tucks the children snugly in bed and leaves the room. Santa Claus suddenly appears on the roof, just outside the children's bedroom window, and proceeds to enter the chimney, taking with him his bag of presents and a little hand sled for one of the children. He goes down the chimney and suddenly appears in the children's room through the fireplace. He distributes the presents and mysteriously causes the appearance of a Christmas tree laden with gifts. The scene closes with the children waking up and running to the fireplace just too late to catch him by the legs. A 1909 film by D. W. Griffith titled "A Trap for Santa Claus" shows children setting a trap to capture Santa Claus as he descends the chimney, but instead capture their father who abandoned them and their mother but tries to burglarize the house after he discovers she inherited a fortune. A twenty-nine-minute 1925 silent film production titled "Santa Claus", by explorer/documentarian Frank E. Kleinschmidt, filmed partly in northern Alaska, feature Santa in his workshop, visiting his Eskimo neighbors, and tending his reindeer. A year later, another movie titled "Santa Claus" was produced with sound on De Forest Phonofilm. Over the years, various actors have donned the red suit (aside from those discussed below), including Monty Woolley in "Life Begins at Eight-thirty" (1942), Alberto Rabagliati in "The Christmas That Almost Wasn't" (1966), Dan Aykroyd in "Trading Places" (1983), Jan Rubes in "One Magic Christmas" (1985), David Huddleston in "" (1985), Jonathan Taylor Thomas in "I'll Be Home for Christmas" (1998), and Ed Asner in "Elf" (2003). Later films about Santa vary, but can be divided into the following themes. Dead Children Playing (first edition titled 'Dead Children Playing: A Picture Book') is a picture book by Stanley Donwood and Thom Yorke (under the alias of "Dr. Tchock") featuring artwork that has been used on English alternative rock band Radiohead's albums between 1996 and 2003, and on Thom Yorke's album "The Eraser". The book also contains works of art that have not previously been released, made between 1999 and 2005. Wings of Fire is a high-fantasy novel series by Tui T. Sutherland. Series are five books long, and feature five different point-of-views. Two spinoff series, "Legends", focusing on adding world history and backstory to vital characters, and are novel length, and the ebook short-stories "Winglets", focused on adding backstory to secondary characters. The plot of the first five books revolve around five young dragonets prophesied by the NightWing tribe to end the war for the SandWing throne. The plot of the second 5 books revolve around another prophecy and the Jade Winglet, a group of students attending Jade Mountain Academy (a school founded by the original five dragonets), one of whom prophesied the collapse of Jade Mountain. The series is currently being converted to a graphic novel format, beginning with "The Dragonet Prophecy". Currently, a total of 20 books have been confirmed (three mainstream arcs, one unpublished, four "Winglets", the paper back collection of the first three "Winglets", and one "Legends", and the graphic novel of the first book). [/INST] Answer: yes </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Where did the singer of the song "Rain" during her middle school years? Context Kim Tae-yeon (born March 9, 1989), referred to as Taeyeon, is a South Korean singer. She had been a trainee at S.M. Entertainment's Starlight Academy during her middle school years before debuting as a member of the agency's girl group, Girls' Generation, in 2007. Since then, she has risen to prominence due to the group's success on the Asian music scene and further participated in the agency's projects Girls' Generation-TTS and SM the Ballad. Aside from group activities, she has also recorded songs for various television dramas and movies. Yongbuk Middle School is located at the township of Samaemyeon, Namwon which lies in the middle of North Jeolla or Jeonbuk (Chonbuk) province, in Southwestern South Korea. The school was formally established as a name of Samae Secondary Academy on October March, 1949. It currently has six classes in which there two classes in each of 7th, 8th and 9th grades. The student quota of each grade is sixty. The total number of the students is one hundred and seventy two as of March 27, 2011. Yongbuk Middle School attached facilities are the Hanmaum Christian Academy, and Yongbuk Digital Library . Autonomous Yongbuk Middle School is an autonomous school which can be run autonomously by using its discretion in admitting students. Because of the autonomy of selecting its own students, Yongbuk Middle School (henceforth, YMS) can select its own students nationwide. In addition, YMS is a private-run Christian school which teaches students from the Biblical worldview to build their good characters. All the teaching and administrative staff are Christians and do their best to devote themselves to building good and happy educational environments. In our students' academic achievement, YMS is a top-ranking middle school in Jeonbuk Province as well as Namwon. The competition rate in the 2011 YMS entrance examination is 2.01:1. About 40 percent of the 2011 freshmen students are boarding students. Means are provided three times a day because YMS is also operated as a boarding school. Its school dormitory named Cheong-am-gwan (Chung-Am Hall) accommodates one hundred persons. If a middle school student wants to transfer to YMS, he or she can be selected through the evaluation process of the student record and interview in August and February every year under the condition that there is a vacant seat in each grade level. "Rain" is a song by South Korean singer Kim Tae-yeon, a member of the South Korean girl group Girls' Generation. It was released digitally by S.M. Entertainment on February 3, 2016. Mountain View Middle School (also known as MVMS) is a public middle school located in Rio Rancho, New Mexico. It serves 6th 7th and 8th graders living in the Enchanted Hills and Rivers Edge School District area. It has a great view of the Sandia Mountains east of the school. It is one of four main middle schools in the Rio Rancho School District, the others being Rio Rancho Middle School, Lincoln Middle School, and Eagle Ridge Middle School. Mundelein High School (MHS) is a public four-year high school located in Mundelein, Illinois, a northern suburb of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States. The school serves the Village of Mundelein and parts of surrounding villages, include Vernon Hills, Grayslake, Hawthorn Woods, Round Lake, Wauconda and Libertyville. It's feeder schools include Carl Sandburg Middle School, Fremont Middle School, West Oak Middle School portions of Hawthorn Middle School North and Hawthorn Middle School South and the Mundelein portion that serves Frassati Catholic Academy. Jiangsu siyang middle school was founded in 1927 in Jiangsu province, China, developing a long history. In 1991, Siyang middle school went through the provincial key middle school review. In January 1999, it was approved by the provincial education commission and renamed "the jiangsu province siyang middle school". In the same year in July, Nanjing Normal University education signed a joint and Siyang middle school became Nanjing Normal University's experimental middle school. In April 2001, a national demonstration went through high school accreditation. In 2004, the provincial department of education selected it as a four-star school. Eugene Brown Erwin Middle School is a public middle school in Center Point, Alabama, that serves grades 6-8. This middle school is part of the Jefferson County School System. It currently resides in the old E.B Erwin High School that closed when Center Point High School opened in 2011. The old high school was converted into a new middle school that now carries E.B. Erwin's name. Erwin Middle School is committed to teaching and learning for all through implementing meaningful community and family collaboration to provide consistent instruction focused on student success. - See more at: http://erwinmid.jefcoed.com/home#sthash.3R8TlckR.dpuf Henan Experimental Middle School or called Henan Experimental High School, is a middle school of the People's Republic of China, located in Zhengzhou, Henan's Jinshui District. It was founded in 1957 as the Affiliated Middle School of Zhengzhou Teachers' Vocational School, later becoming the Affiliated Middle School of Zhengzhou Teachers' College, the Affiliated Middle School of Zhengzhou University, and the Zhengzhou 40th Middle School before being given its present name in 1979. Pedare Christian College is a joint Independent, Junior, Middle and Senior School in South Australia. The Junior School comprises Reception to Year 5, the Middle School Years 6 to 9, and the Senior School Years 10 to 12. Lincoln Middle School is a middle school in the Deering Center neighborhood of Portland, Maine. The school is located on Stevens Avenue, which has the unusual distinction of having an elementary school, middle school, two high schools, and a college all situated on it. The new principal of the school as of the 2014–2015 school year is Suellyn Santiago who was the assistant principal and a math teacher previously. Lincoln Middle school is divided into houses, 2 for each grade (6,7,8). The students at Lincoln primarily come from three of Portland's many elementary schools, Riverton, Hall, and Longfellow, which is also located on Stevens Avenue. The mascot of Lincoln Middle School is the Lion. [/INST] Answer: Starlight Academy </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question The Battle of Chosin Reservoir and Battle of the Ch'ongch'on River where part of which war? Context The Battle of the Ch'ongch'on River, also known as the Battle of the Ch'ongch'on () or the Second Phase Campaign Western Sector (), was a decisive battle in the Korean War, and it took place from November 25 to December 2, 1950, along the Ch'ongch'on River Valley in the northwestern part of North Korea. In response to the successful Chinese First Phase Campaign against the United Nations forces, General Douglas MacArthur launched the Home-by-Christmas Offensive to evict the Chinese forces from Korea and to end the war. Anticipating this reaction, the Chinese People's Volunteer Army Commander Peng Dehuai planned a counteroffensive, dubbed the "Second Phase Campaign", against the advancing UN forces. Alpha Lyons Bowser (August 21, 1910 – July 13, 2003) was a United States Marine Corps lieutenant general. He was a combat veteran of World War II and the Korean War — decorated for his actions during the Battle of Iwo Jima and in the Battle of Chosin Reservoir. Homer Laurence Litzenberg (January 8, 1903 – June 27, 1963) was a decorated Lieutenant General in the United States Marine Corps, serving in Haiti, World War II, and the Korean War. His final rank was awarded at his retirement for valor in battle. He retired from the post of Inspector General of the Marine Corps on May 31, 1959, after more than 37 years of service. Litzenberg is best known for commanding the 7th Marine Regiment during the Battle of Chosin Reservoir. The Battle of Chosin is a 2016 American documentary film about the Battle of Chosin Reservoir during the Korean War. The film is directed by Randall MacLowry and was distributed on the PBS network. It premiered on November 1, 2016 as part of the "American Experience" series. Battle of Chosin Reservoir Order of Battle is a list of the significant units that fought in the Battle of Chosin Reservoir between November 27, 1950 and December 13, 1950. Marine Transport Squadron 152 (VMR-152) was an air transport of the United States Marine Corps that was responsible for the movement of personnel, equipment, and supplies. The squadron flew fixed-wing cargo aircraft to include the R4D Skytrain and the R4Q Flying Boxcar. The squadron saw combat during World War II and the Korean War with their most notable contributions coming during the early stages of the Battle of Guadalcanal and during the Marine breakout during the Battle of Chosin Reservoir. The squadron was decommissioned in the late 1950s. USS "Chosin" (CG-65) is a "Ticonderoga"-class guided-missile cruiser serving in the United States Navy. She is named in honor of the Battle of Chosin Reservoir of the Korean War. Commissioned in 1991, she is currently serving in the Pacific Fleet, based at San Diego. The cruiser has participated in Operation Southern Watch, Operation Enduring Freedom, and Operation Iraqi Freedom. She is the first US Navy ship to bear this name. The Second Phase Campaign of the Korean War was an extended military offensive by the Chinese People's Volunteer Army during the last week of November, 1950, and the first two weeks of December. The two major engagements were battles near the Ch'ongch'on River in the Chinese-designated Western Sector and Chosin Reservoir in their Eastern Sector. The Chinese opposed United Nations-authorized forces composed of American military and various allied forces. The Battle of Chosin Reservoir, also known as the Chosin Reservoir Campaign or the Changjin Lake Campaign (Korean: 장진호 전투 ; hanja: 長津湖戰鬪; rr: "Jangjin ho jeontu"; ), was a decisive battle in the Korean War. The name "Chosin" is derived from the Japanese pronunciation ""Chōshin"", instead of Korean pronunciation William Frederick Harris (6 March 1918 – 7 December 1950) was a United States Marine Corps Lieutenant Colonel during the Korean War. He was the son of USMC General Field Harris, a Prisoner of War during World War II and a recipient of the Navy Cross for extraordinary heroism during the breakout in the Battle of Chosin Reservoir. He was last seen by American forces on 7 December 1950, was listed missing in action and is presumed to have been killed in action. Harris was featured in the and film "Unbroken". [/INST] Answer: Korean War </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question What did Terence Rattigan and Roald Dahl have in common? Context The Collected Short Stories of Roald Dahl is a 1991 short story collection for adults by Roald Dahl. The collection, containing tales of macabre malevolence, comprises many of Dahl's stories seen in the television series "Tales of the Unexpected" and previously collected in "Someone Like You" (1953), "Kiss, Kiss" (1960), "Twenty-Nine Kisses from Roald Dahl" (1969), "Ppo poo face" (1974), and "" (1989). The Best of Roald Dahl is a collection of 25 of Roald Dahl's short stories. The first edition was published in 1978. Roald Dahl ( , ] ; 13 September 1916 – 23 November 1990) was a British novelist, short story writer, poet, screenwriter, and fighter pilot. His books have sold more than 250 million copies worldwide. The Roald Dahl Children's Gallery is in Church Street, Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, England. A children's museum in honour of Roald Dahl, it was opened on 23 November 1996 by Terence Hardiman, an actor popular with children due to his role as the titular role in "The Demon Headmaster". The building was previously a coach-house. The Deep Blue Sea is a 1955 British drama film directed by Anatole Litvak, starring Vivien Leigh and Kenneth More and released by Twentieth Century Fox. The picture was based on the play of the same name by Terence Rattigan. Rattigan's play has also been filmed by Terence Davies with Rachel Weisz in the Vivien Leigh role of 'Hester' and Tom Hiddleston as 'Freddie'. The movie tells the story of a woman unhappy in her passionless marriage leaving her husband for a younger and more ardent lover. Sir Terence Mervyn Rattigan, CBE (10 June 191130 November 1977) was a British dramatist. He was one of England's most popular mid twentieth century dramatists. His plays are typically set in an upper-middle-class background. He is known for such works as "The Winslow Boy" (1946), "The Browning Version" (1948), "The Deep Blue Sea" (1952) and "Separate Tables" (1954), among many others. Roald Dahl: Collected Stories is a hardcover edition of short-stories by Roald Dahl for adults. It was published in the US in October 2006 by Random House as part of the Everyman Library. The present volume includes for the first time all the stories in chronological order as established by Dahl's biographer, Jeremy Treglown, in consultation with the Dahl estate. A few of the short stories were not published chronologically in book form, but appeared later, collected in "More Tales of the Unexpected" (1980). The collection contains all of the short stories published in the following collections: Roald Dahl's Willy Wonka is a musical that combines elements of both Roald Dahl's book "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" and of the 1971 movie "Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory" with newly created material. The musical has several versions: the original version which premiered in 2004, the Junior version, the Kids version, and the Theatre for Young Audiences version. All are owned by Music Theatre International, the company that owns the Willy Wonka license. South Downs is a 2011 play by the British playwright and author David Hare. It is set in 1962 in a public school, similar to Hare's own school, Lancing, in the South Downs. It is a response to Terence Rattigan's "The Browning Version" and was commissioned by Rattigan's estate to mark Rattigan's Centenary. The Winslow Boy is a 1948 film adaptation of Terence Rattigan's play "The Winslow Boy". It was made by De Grunwald Productions and distributed by the British Lion Film Corporation. It was directed by Anthony Asquith and produced by Anatole de Grunwald with Teddy Baird as associate producer. The adapted screenplay was written by de Grunwald and Rattigan based on Rattigan's play. The music score was by William Alwyn and the cinematography by Freddie Young. [/INST] Answer: British </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Sir Ralph Lilley Turner MC created what type of book based on Proto-Indo-Aryan language also known as Proto-Indic language? Context Proto-Indo-Aryan (sometimes Proto-Indic) is the reconstructed proto-language of the Indo-Aryan languages. It is intended to reconstruct the language of the Proto-Indo-Aryans. It is descended from Proto-Indo-Iranian and thus from Proto-Indo-European. It is a Satem language. The Tahltan First Nation, also known as the Tahltan Indian Band, is a band government of the Tahltan people. Their main community and reserves are located at Telegraph Creek, British Columbia. Their language is the Tahltan language, which is an Athabaskan language also known as Nahanni, is closely related to Kaska and Dunneza. Their Indian and Northern Affairs Canada band number is 682. The Tahltan First Nation is joined with the Iskut First Nation in a combined tribal council-type organization known as the Tahltan Nation. Sir Ralph Vane, also known as Ralph Fane (died 26 February 1552) was a supporter of Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset,and hanged on Tower Hill as a result of factional strife. Sir Ralph Freeman (fl. 1610–1655) was a wealthy English civil judge, also known as a dramatist and translator. He should not be confused with another contemporary Sir Ralph Freeman who was lord mayor of London, and died on 16 March 1634. Sir Ralph Sandwich (1235–1308) (also known as Ralph de Sandwich and Ralph of Sandwich), of Dene (in Margate), Ham, and Ripple, Kent, Winchfield, Hampshire, etc., was an English administrator and justice. He was Mayor of London from 1285 to 1293. The Tiang language also known as Djaul is a language spoken in Papua New Guinea. Sir Ralph Lilley Turner MC (5 October 1888 – 22 April 1983) was an English Indian languages philologist and university administrator. He is notable for composing an Indo-Aryan comparative dictionary. He is also the author of some publications concerning the Romani language. The Sir Ralph Abercromby, also known as the Abercrombie, is a pub in Manchester. It is named after Ralph Abercromby. It is located on Jackson's Row, Bootle Street. Originally built in the 19th century, it is the only structure remaining in St Peter's Field from the time of the Peterloo Massacre. Wounded people from the massacre were brought to the pub for medical treatment. Many later changes were made to the building, both inside and outside, with no substantial 19th century features remaining. It is thought to be the inspiration for the local pub in "Life on Mars". Major Ralph George Campbell Glyn, 1st Baron Glyn, MC, DL (3 March 1884 – 1 May 1960), known as Sir Ralph Glyn, Bt, from 1934 to 1953, was a soldier and Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom. He was a Member of Parliament (MP) from 1918 to 1922, and from 1924 to 1953. Page Interchange Language also known as Publishing Interchange Language, or "PIL" is a public domain language that allows precise description of the layout of content on pages, groups of multiple pages or any 2-dimensional area, which it calls a "canvas." It was developed between June 1990 and June 1991 by the "Professional Publishers Interchange Specification Workgroup", a committee of software and hardware vendors serving the newspaper, magazine and print advertising markets. The committee was led by Quark and Atex. [/INST] Answer: Indo-Aryan comparative dictionary </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question What mountain chain includes the mountain where Shiloh, Alabama is located? Context The Gleirsch-Halltal Chain (German: "Gleirsch-Halltal-Kette" ) or Gleirsch-Halltal Range is a mountain chain in the Karwendel in the Northern Limestone Alps. It follows to the south of the Hinterautal-Vomper Chain, the longest mountain chain in the Karwendel, and is almost as big as it. South of the Stempeljochspitze on the other side of the "Stempeljoch" saddle ( m (AA) ) it is joined to the Nordkette. The name of the range is derived from the two valleys: the "Gleirschtal" to the west and southwest and the Halltal to the southeast. Hawk Mountain is a mountain ridge, part of the Blue Mountain Ridge in the Appalachian Mountain chain, located in central-eastern Pennsylvania near Reading and Allentown. The area includes 13,000 acres of protected private and public land, including the 2,600 acre Hawk Mountain Sanctuary. In development studies, the concept of a value chain has been used to analyse international trade in global value chains which comprises “the full range of activities that are required to bring a product from its conception, through its design, its sourced raw materials and intermediate inputs, its marketing, its distribution and its support to the final consumer”. Specifically, when activities must be coordinated across geographies, the term global value chain (GVC) is used in the development literature. Simply put, the global value chain includes all of the people and activities involved in the production of a good or service and its global level supply, distribution and post sales activities (also known as the supply chain). GVC is similar to Industry Level Value Chain but encompasses operations at the global level. Continental Hotels is the first Romanian hotel chain. The chain includes 13 hotels ( two-, three-, four- and five-, star hotels), four of which are operated under the brand Ibis. In 2001 the company signed an agreement with Accor for the management of Ibis Hotels in Bucharest and Constanţa, that are properties of Continental Hotels. 2009 witnessed the opening of another Ibis hotel, this time in Sibiu. Continental Hotels chain was founded in 1991, is the largest Romanian hotel chain covering luxury, business and economy market. Cities where Continental Hotels is present: Bucharest, Arad, Oradea, Sibiu, Constanța, Târgu Mureș, Suceava, Drobeta-Turnu Severin and has over 1,860 rooms. Sand Mountain is a sandstone plateau in northeastern Alabama and (to a far lesser extent) northwestern Georgia. It is part of the southern tip of the Appalachian mountain chain and it is the largest plateau in the chain. Geologically a continuation of Walden Ridge, Sand Mountain is part of the Cumberland Plateau, separated from the main portion of the plateau by the Tennessee River and Sequatchie Valley. The average elevation on Sand Mountain is around 1500 ft above sea level, compared to about 650 ft in the surrounding area. This elevation leads to its having the coolest climate in the state of Alabama. The largest city on Sand Mountain is Albertville, in Marshall County. As of the 2010 census, the population of the city was 21,160. The Taconic orogeny was a mountain building period that ended 440 million years ago and affected most of modern-day New England. A great mountain chain formed from eastern Canada down through what is now the Piedmont off the East coast of the United States. As the mountain chain eroded in the Silurian and Devonian periods, sediments from the mountain chain spread throughout the present-day Appalachians and midcontinental North America. The Dammersfeld Ridge (German: "Dammersfeldrücken" ) is a mountain chain in the High Rhön in Germany, which begins on a line from Bischofsheim to Gersfeld and runs in a southwesterly direction to Riedenberg – Werberg – Maria Ehrenberg. The majority of this area today is a military out-of-bounds area, the Wildflecken Training Area. Its highest point is the Dammersfeldkuppe, the second-highest mountain in the Rhön. The Bavarian-Hessian state border runs along the crest of the mountain chain. Squak Mountain is the second most westerly mountain of the Issaquah Alps mountain chain in Washington state. It is situated between Cougar Mountain to the west and Tiger Mountain to the east. Interstate 90 parallels the base of the north side of the mountain. Much of the Squak Mountain watershed drains into Lake Sammamish. Most of the mountain is protected by Squak Mountain State Park and Cougar/Squak and Squak/Tiger Corridors of King County. A hill chain, sometimes also hill ridge, is an elongated line of hills that usually includes a succession of more or less prominent hilltops, domed summits or "kuppen", hill ridges and saddles and which, together with its associated lateral ridges and branches, may form a complex topographic structure. It may occur within a hill range, within an area of low rolling hill country or on a plain. It may link two or more otherwise distinct hill ranges. The transition from a hill chain to a mountain chain is blurred and depends on regional definitions of a hill or mountain. For example, in the UK and Ireland a mountain must officially be 600 metres or higher, whereas in North America mountains are often (unofficially) taken as being 1,000 feet high or more. Shiloh is a town in DeKalb County, Alabama, United States. It incorporated in 1962. At the 2010 census the population was 274. Shiloh is located atop Sand Mountain. [/INST] Answer: Appalachian </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question The Ora Blanchard House is located in the center of the town in what Maine county? Context The Joshua James Blanchard House (also known as the William A. Blanchard House) is a historic house located at 415 Carrolls Road near Warsaw, Duplin County, North Carolina. Mountain View is the largest city in and the county seat of Stone County, Arkansas. Located in the Ozarks, the city has a rich tradition of preserving folk music and culture. Founded in 1873, the city's economy is largely based on tourism related to its title as the "Folk Music Capitol of the World". Mountain View hosts the Ozark Folk Festival in April, various folk artists at Ozark Folk Center State Park throughout the year, and weekly music gatherings on the courthouse steps that are free and open to the public. The city is also known for outdoors recreation opportunities, including Blanchard Springs Caverns, trout fishing on the White River and the Ozark National Forest. The Sedgwick Historic District encompasses the historic and traditional rural center of the small town of Sedgwick, Maine. Located at the junction of Maine State Route 172 and Old County Road, the district includes the town's 1793 meeting house, which still serves as town hall, the c. 1795 Daniel Merrill House, built for the town's first minister, the 1821 town pound, and its first cemetery. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995. The Captain S.C. Blanchard House is a historic house at 317 Main Street in Yarmouth, Maine. Built in 1855, it is one of Yarmouth's finest examples of Italianate architecture. It was built for Sylvanus Blanchard, a ship's captain. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. The building is now home to the 317 Main Community Music Center. McCauley-Watson House is a historic home located on Blanchard Rd near Union Ridge, Alamance County, North Carolina. It was built about 1850, and is a two-story, three bay, center hall plan, brick vernacular Greek Revival style farmhouse. It has a single-story rear kitchen ell. The Ora Blanchard House is an historic house at the junction of Maine State Routes 16 and 27 in the center of Stratton, Maine, United States. Also known as Widow's Walk, this wood frame house, built in 1892, is by far the most distinctive house in the small community, exhibiting a creative collection of Queen Anne features in a remote rural area. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. WSYY-FM (94.9 FM) is a radio station broadcasting for approximately 18¼ hours per day, 7 days a week (from 4:55AM through 11:10PM ET) under the slogan, ""Radio With An Attitude"". Playing a mix of oldies/classic hits, adult contemporary, rock music, and some country crossovers, the station broadcasts an Adult Hits/Full-Service format for approximately 16 hours per day, from 6:00AM through 10:00PM ET (reserving the first and, also, the final hour of their broadcast day to "When Radio Was"). "The Mountain 94.9" carries local high school sports in season. "The Mountain 94.9" had also carried the complete schedule of Red Sox Baseball (from 1997 through 2015, prior to becoming a Former Affiliate in 2016, which was when Millinocket's affiliation with the Red Sox Baseball would ultimately be transferred over to co-owned WSYY-AM, thus concluding the frequent interruptions to the music on "The Mountain 94.9" during Baseball season). The station currently features programming from CBS Radio and carries CBS Radio News at the top of every hour (and has been an affiliate of that network for many decades). Licensed to Millinocket, Maine, United States, the station's broadcast signal serves the Central Penobscot County, Eastern Piscataquis County, and Southern Aroostook County Maine areas, and the station is licensed to serve the town of Millinocket, Maine, the very town where its studios/offices and tower site are located. The station is currently owned by Katahdin Communications, Inc. WSYY-FM originally went on the air in 1978 on 97.7 FM as WKTR, upgrading to its current facilities in 1984 on 94.9. Prior to their "The Mountain 94.9" branding, WSYY-FM used to be referred to as "North Country 95", airing a full-time Country Music format. The current format, branding, and slogan was probably adopted around March 1, 2004, when Katahdin Communications, Inc. assumed control of WSYY-FM & WSYY-AM from Katahdin Timberlands, LLC (as a result of the radio station facing increasing land disputes), initially as a short term lease agreement but the transfer of ownership ultimately became permanent. Those same land disputes would eventually lead to a loss of WSYY-FM's 23,500 watt transmitter location (featuring an antenna HAAT of 211 meters); as a result, WSYY-FM may have been operating under a Special Temporary Authority License (a 12,000 watt facility with an antenna HAAT of 68 meters via Hammond Ridge on Lake Road, about two miles from Millinocket Municipal Airport), ever since as long ago as late 2007, pending a planned permanent move to a 22,000 watt facility with an antenna HAAT of 198.4 meters (from just off Nicatou Road in Medway, well east of WSYY-FM's old or current transmitter tower location). On November 23th, 2016, the CP for this proposed move was modified to a 45,000 watt facility with an antenna HAAT of 146.7 meters, the first time this proposed move has ever received official approval from the FCC. WSYY-FM is one of the two Maine affiliates—apart from WLOB—of When Radio Was (7 days a week from 5:00AM through 6:00AM ET and also from 10:00PM through 11:00PM ET), is one of the two Maine affiliates (WWMJ) of The Acoustic Storm (Saturdays from 9:00AM through 12:00PM ET), is Maine's only affiliate of the Crook & Chase syndicated Country Music countdown programming (Sunday afternoons from 2:00PM through 6:00PM ET), and is an affiliate of the Blues Deluxe radio show. WSYY-FM/WSYY-AM are unusual in that while these stations are authorized to broadcast 24 hours a day, the stations both have sign-offs every day (WSYY-AM signing off at sun-down, broadcasting only on Weekends (but not between Monday-through-Friday) and WSYY-FM broadcasting for approximately 18¼ hours per day, 7 days a week, WSYY-FM's broadcast day concluding with the 11:00PM ET Top-of-the-Hour CBS Radio newscast and then a Nightly Sign-Off Announcement and then an instrumentation of the American national anthem, followed by Dead Air amidst a Transmitter Power-Down, not Signing Back Onto The Air until 4:55AM ET). In Old Town and also Bangor (and continuing southward and/or southwestward), the station has strong FM co-channel interference with Portland-market WHOM (which transmits from atop Mount Washington in New Hampshire, the tallest peak in the Northeast and had for a long time claimed on its website that it has the largest coverage area of any FM station in the United States, its signal spanning five states: NH, ME, VT, MA, NY and also parts of Southern Quebec Province, Canada), this matter being especially problematic before dawn or after dusk. In favorable atmospheric conditions, a very weak signal of WHOM can be DX-ed in Millinocket during overnight hours (when WSYY-FM is off-the-air). Eustis is a town in Franklin County, Maine, United States. The population was 618 at the 2010 census. Eustis, which includes the village of Stratton, is a popular recreation area. Blanchard House is located in Boyce, Louisiana. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 22, 1982. The Blanchard House Museum is located in Punta Gorda, Florida in Charlotte County, Florida. It covers African American history and the cultural history of Charlotte. Exhibits cover political, civic and religious life; founding families; education; and the Civil Rights Movement through vintage photos, newspaper clippings and family heirlooms. [/INST] Answer: Franklin County </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Jack Hofsiss and William Malone, are which nationality? Context William Malone (born 1953) is an American horror filmmaker who directed such films as the 1999 remake "House on Haunted Hill", "Scared to Death", "Creature", and "FeardotCom". I'm Dancing as Fast as I Can is a 1982 American biographical film directed by Jack Hofsiss and starring Jill Clayburgh. The screenplay by David Rabe is based on the memoir of the same title by Emmy Award-winning documentary filmmaker Barbara Gordon, whose addiction to and difficult withdrawal from Valium serves as the basis of the plot. Cat on a Hot Tin Roof is a 1984 American made-for-television drama film directed by Jack Hofsiss and starring Jessica Lange, Tommy Lee Jones, Rip Torn, Kim Stanley, David Dukes, and Penny Fuller. The film was produced by American Playhouse and originally premiered on Showtime on August 19, 1984. The Plagues were an American garage rock band from Lansing, Michigan who were active in the 1960s (not to be confused with other bands of the period named "the Plagues"). They were led by bass player, principal songwriter, and vocalist William Malone. The group had a local and regional hit with "I’ve Been Through It Before". Malone left the band in 1966 to join the Frightened Trees, as the remaining members formed a new group out of the ashes of the Plagues, the Plain Brown Wrapper. Malone later became a successful Hollywood movie director, whose 2008 horror thriller "Parasomnia" included "I’ve Been Through It Before", as well as other songs by the Plagues and other 1960s garage bands. In the intervening years the Plagues work has attracted a following amongst garage rock enthusiasts and collectors. John Bernard "Jack" Hofsiss (September 28, 1950 – September 13, 2016) was an American theatre, film, and television director. He received a Tony Award for his direction of "The Elephant Man" on Broadway, the youngest director to have ever received it at the time. The production also garnered him a Drama Desk Award, Outer Critics Circle Award, Obie Award, and New York Drama Critics Circle Award. Director of Family Secrets in the year 1984; starring Melissa Gilbert, James Spader, Stefanie Powers, and Maureen Stapleton. Family Secrets is a 1984 American made-for-television drama film starring Maureen Stapleton, Melissa Gilbert and Stefanie Powers (who also co-wrote and co-produced). The TV film was directed by Jack Hofsiss. Parasomnia is an independent horror film directed by William Malone and stars Jeffrey Combs, Timothy Bottoms and Dylan Purcell. The filming was funded by Malone himself, and its release was delayed due to difficulties securing distribution. Supernova is a 2000 Swiss-American science fiction horror film written by David C. Wilson, William Malone and Daniel Chuba and directed by Walter Hill, credited as "Thomas Lee." "Thomas Lee" was chosen as a directorial pseudonym for release, as the name Alan Smithee had become too well known as a badge of a film being disowned by its makers. It was originally developed in 1988 by director William Malone as "Dead Star," with paintings by H. R. Giger and a plot that had been called ""Hellraiser" in outer space." Jack Sholder was hired for substantial uncredited reshoots, and Francis Ford Coppola was brought in for editing purposes. Various sources suggest that little of Hill's work remains in the theatrical cut of the film. The film shares several plot similarities with the film "Event Horizon," released in 1997, and "Alien Cargo," released in 1999. The cast featured James Spader, Angela Bassett, Robert Forster, Lou Diamond Phillips, Peter Facinelli, Robin Tunney, and Wilson Cruz. This film was shot by cinematographer Lloyd Ahern and scored by composers David C. Williams and Burkhard Dallwitz. The Elephant Man is a play by Bernard Pomerance. It premiered at the Hampstead Theatre in London on 7 November 1977. It later played in repertory at the National Theatre in London. It ran Off-Broadway from 14 January to 18 March 1979, at the York Theatre at St. Peter's. The production's Broadway debut in 1979 at the Booth Theatre was produced by Richmond Crinkley and Nelle Nugent, and directed by Jack Hofsiss. The play closed in 1981 after eight previews and 916 regular performances. The Elephant Man is a 1982 American biographical television film directed by Jack Hofsiss about the 19th-century English medical curiosity Joseph Merrick (known in this film as John Merrick). The script was adapted by Steve Lawson from the 1977 play of the same name by Bernard Pomerance. It was first broadcast by the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) on January 4, 1982. [/INST] Answer: American </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Chun Woo-hee found attention at first in the two timeline film written and directed by who? Context Love Me, Love My Money () is a 2001 Hong Kong romantic comedy film written, produced and directed by Wong Jing, and starring Tony Leung Chiu-Wai, Shu Qi, Angie Cheung, Chun Cho, Lam Ka-Tung, Teresa Mak and Wong Yut Fei. Sunny () is a 2011 South Korean comedy-drama film. The film is about a middle-aged woman who tries to fulfill her friend's dying wish of reuniting their group of high school friends. The film alternates between two timelines: the present day where the women are middle-aged, and the 1980s when they were in high school. It is the second film by writer-director Kang Hyeong-cheol, who previously directed "Scandal Makers" (2008). Children of Invention is an American independent feature film written and directed by Tze Chun. It premiered at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival, screened at more than 50 film festivals, and won 17 festival awards including 8 Grand Jury or Best Narrative Feature prizes. The film was released theatrically in eight U.S. cities beginning February 2010, on Video-on-Demand in June 2010, and on DVD in August 2010. Warriors Two () is a 1978 Hong Kong martial arts film written and directed by Sammo Hung, who also co-stars in the film. The film stars Bryan Leung, Casanova Wong and Fung Hak-on. Leung plays the character of the historical figure, Leung Jan (or Leung Tsan), a well-known early practitioner of the Wing Chun style of kung fu. Leung's association with Wing Chun can be considered as the equivalent of Wong Fei-hung's association with the Hung Gar style. Big Fish & Begonia (original title: "Da Yu Hai Tang"), is a 2016 Chinese animated epic fantasy film written, produced and directed by Liang Xuan and Zhang Chun. The first animated feature film of B&T Studio collaborated with Studio Mir, it is joint invested by B&T and Enlight Media. It was released in both 2D and 3D formats in China by Enlight Media on 8 July 2016. Love, Lies () is 2016 South Korean period drama film directed by Park Heung-sik, reuniting "The Beauty Inside" co-stars Han Hyo-joo, Chun Woo-hee and Yoo Yeon-seok. The story takes place in 1943, during the Imperial Japanese occupation of Korea. In the film, best friends Jung So-yul (Han Hyo-joo) and Seo Yeon-hee (Chun Woo-hee) are two of the last remaining "gisaeng". Although they enjoy pop music, they are committed to singing "jeongga", or classical Korean songs. So-yul's life falls apart when her lover, pop music producer Kim Yoon-woo (Yoo Yeon-seok), falls in love with Yeon-hee and helps her debut as a pop singer. The story follows So-yul's downward spiral as she is consumed by uncontrollable jealousy. One Day () is a 2017 South Korean drama film directed by Lee Yoon-ki and starring Kim Nam-gil and Chun Woo-hee. The film was released on April 5, 2017. The Final Master is a 2015 Chinese martial arts action film written, co-produced, and directed by Xu Haofeng, about the last Wing Chun master’s quest to pass down his art in pre-WWII China. The film stars Liao Fan, Jiang Wenli, Chin Shi-Chieh, Song Jia and Song Yang. Chun Woo-hee (born April 20, 1987) is a South Korean actress. She made her acting debut in 2004, but first drew attention with her supporting role as a rebellious teenager in the 2011 box-office hit "Sunny". In 2014, Chun received domestic and international critical acclaim for her first leading role as the title character in "Han Gong-ju", a coming-of-age indie about a traumatized young woman trying to move on with her life after a tragedy. Her other notable films include "The Beauty Inside" (2015), "Love, Lies" (2016) and "The Wailing" (2016). Han Gong-ju () is a 2013 South Korean film written and directed by Lee Su-jin, starring Chun Woo-hee in the title role. It was inspired by the infamous Miryang gang rape case of 2004. [/INST] Answer: Kang Hyeong-cheol </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question When was the constituency which its by-election was on15 November 1956 created Context The Sleaford and North Hykeham by-election was a by-election in England for the House of Commons constituency of Sleaford and North Hykeham held on 8 December 2016. It was triggered by the resignation of Conservative MP Stephen Phillips on 4 November 2016. It was the first by-election to be contested in Lincolnshire since the Lincoln by-election of 1973 which by coincidence back then also saw the UK's relationship with Europe being a major issue. The Rotherham by-election was a by-election for the Parliament of the United Kingdom's House of Commons constituency of Rotherham. The by-election was caused by the resignation of its Member of Parliament Denis MacShane after the House of Commons Standards and Privileges Committee found that he had submitted 19 false invoices "plainly intended to deceive" the parliamentary expenses authority, an issue dating back to 2009 and a wider parliamentary expenses scandal in the UK. MacShane accepted the office of Steward and Bailiff of the Chiltern Hundreds on 5 November 2012, formally vacating his seat. The election took place on 29 November 2012, at the same time as by-elections in Croydon North and Middlesbrough which were caused by the deaths of the sitting MPs. Liam Burke (2 February 1928 – 21 August 2005) was an Irish Fine Gael politician. He was a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Cork North-Central constituency. Burke was first elected to Dáil Éireann at the 1969 general election for Cork City North-West. After the constituencies were redrawn, he stood at the 1977 general election in the new Cork City constituency, but lost his seat. He was returned to the 21st Dáil at a by-election on 7 November 1979 in the same constituency, following the death of the Labour Party TD Patrick Kerrigan. That by-election win contributed to the decision of then Taoiseach Jack Lynch to resign in December 1979. Bishop Isidore Borecky (Ukrainian: Ісидор Ілярій Борецький ; 1 October 1911 in Ostrivets, Austro-Hungarian Empire (present day in Terebovlia Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine) – 23 July 2003 in Toronto, Canada) was a Ukrainian-born Canadian Ukrainian Greek Catholic hierarch. He served as the Titular Bishop of Amathus (until 3 November 1956) and the first Eparchial Bishop of the new created Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Toronto from 17 January 1948 until his retirement on 16 June 1998 (until 10 March 1951 with title of Apostolic Exarch of Eastern Canada; and until 3 November 1956 with title of Apostolic Exarch of Toronto). The Aberdare by-election, 1946 was a parliamentary by-election held on 5 December 1946 for the British House of Commons constituency of Aberdare in Wales. The seat had become vacant when the Labour Member of Parliament (MP) George Hall had been created Viscount Hall on 28 October 1946. Hall had held the seat since the 1922 general election. The Labour candidate, David Thomas held the seat for the party. He remained the constituency's MP until his death in 1954, when a further by-election was held. The City of Chester by-election of 15 November 1956 was held after the appointment of Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) Basil Nield as Recorder of Manchester. Ajay Rai is an Indian politician and member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly. He is a five-time MLA from Uttar Pradesh. A local strongman in the Varanasi area, Rai began his political career as a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party's student wing. He won the Legislative Assembly elections from the Kolasla constituency three times in a row between 1996 and 2007 on a BJP ticket. He left the party after being denied a Lok Sabha ticket. He then joined the Samajwadi Party and unsuccessfully contested the 2009 Lok Sabha elections. Subsequently, he won the 2009 Legislative Assembly by-election from the Kolasla constituency as an independent. He then joined the Indian National Congress. After the Kolasla constituency ceased to exist post-delimitation, he won the 2012 Assembly elections from the newly created Pindra constituency, which comprises a sizeable portion of the former Kolasla constituency. The 2009 Glasgow North East by-election was a by-election for the Parliament of the United Kingdom's House of Commons constituency of Glasgow North East. The by-election was held on 12 November 2009 following the resignation of Michael Martin as an MP and as Speaker of the House of Commons following the MPs' expenses scandal. Martin was the first Speaker since Sir John Trevor in 1695 to be forced from office. Willie Bain, the Scottish Labour Party candidate, won with 59% of the vote. Just 33% of the electorate voted, which is the lowest ever percentage turnout in a Scottish by-election to the House of Commons. The Croydon North by-election was a by-election for the Parliament of the United Kingdom's House of Commons constituency of Croydon North in the London Borough of Croydon. The by-election was caused by the death of its Member of Parliament Malcolm Wicks. It took place on Thursday, 29 November, the same day as by-elections in Middlesbrough and Rotherham. The by-election was won by Steve Reed of the Labour Party. The City of Chester is a constituency created in 1545 (turned into a county division in 1885 and reformed in narrowed geographical guise in 1918) and represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2015 by Chris Matheson of the Labour Party. [/INST] Answer: 1545 </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Louis Alexander Slotin, was a Canadian physicist and chemist who worked on the Manhattan Project, Slotin was the second person to die from a criticality accident, following the death of Harry Daghlian, who had been exposed to what? Context A criticality accident is an uncontrolled nuclear fission chain reaction. It is sometimes referred to as a critical excursion or a critical power excursion or a divergent chain reaction. A criticality accident occurred on December 30, 1958, at the Los Alamos National Laboratory in Los Alamos, New Mexico, in the United States. It is one of only ten such events to occur outside of a nuclear reactor, though it was the third such event to take place in 1958 after events on 16 June at the Y-12 Plant in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and on 15 October at the Vinča Nuclear Institute in Vinča, Yugoslavia. The accident involved plutonium compounds dissolved in liquid chemical reagents, and it killed one man, Cecil Kelley, a chemical operator, by severe radiation poisoning, within 35 hours. Louis Alexander Slotin (1 December 1910 – 30 May 1946) was a Canadian physicist and chemist who worked on the Manhattan Project. During World War II, Slotin conducted research at Los Alamos National Laboratory. He performed experiments with uranium and plutonium cores to determine their critical mass values. On 21 May 1946, Slotin was conducting a demonstration when he accidentally initiated a fission reaction, which released a burst of hard radiation. He received a lethal dose of radiation and died of acute radiation syndrome nine days later. Slotin was the second person to die from a criticality accident, following the death of Harry Daghlian, who had been exposed to radiation by the same core that killed Slotin. Slotin was publicly hailed as a hero by the United States government for reacting quickly and preventing his accident from killing any colleagues. He was later criticized for failing to follow protocol during the experiment. Nuclear criticality safety is a field of nuclear engineering dedicated to the prevention of nuclear and radiation accidents resulting from an inadvertent, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction. Additionally, nuclear criticality safety is concerned with mitigating the consequences of a nuclear criticality accident. A nuclear criticality accident occurs from operations that involve fissile material and results in a sudden and potentially lethal release of radiation. Nuclear criticality safety practitioners attempt to prevent nuclear criticality accidents by analyzing normal and credible abnormal conditions in fissile material operations and designing safe arrangements for the processing of fissile materials. A common practice is to apply a double contingency analysis to the operation in which two or more independent, concurrent and unlikely changes in process conditions must occur before a nuclear criticality accident can occur. For example, the first change in conditions may be complete or partial flooding and the second change a re-arrangement of the fissile material. Controls (requirements) on process parameters (e.g., fissile material mass, equipment) result from this analysis. These controls, either passive (physical), active (mechanical), or administrative (human), are implemented by inherently safe or fault-tolerant plant designs, or, if such designs are not practicable, by administrative controls such as operating procedures, job instructions and other means to minimize the potential for significant process changes that could lead to a nuclear criticality accident. Haroutune Krikor "Harry" Daghlian Jr. (May 4, 1921 – September 15, 1945) was a physicist with the Manhattan Project which designed and produced the atomic bombs that were used in World War II. He accidentally irradiated himself on August 21, 1945, during a critical mass experiment at the remote Omega Site of the Los Alamos Laboratory in New Mexico, resulting in his death 25 days later. The demon core was a 6.2 kg subcritical mass of plutonium measuring 89 mm in diameter, roughly the size of a softball, best known for its involvement in two criticality accidents. The core was slated for use in a third World War II nuclear bomb, but remained in use for testing after Japan's surrender. It was designed with a small safety margin to ensure a successful explosion of the bomb. The device briefly went supercritical when it was accidentally placed in supercritical configurations during two separate experiments intended to guarantee the core was indeed close to the critical point. The incidents happened at the Los Alamos laboratory in 1945 and 1946, and resulted in the acute radiation poisoning and subsequent deaths of scientists Harry Daghlian and Louis Slotin. After these incidents the spherical plutonium core was referred to as the "demon core". Michael Lista (born September 1, 1983) is a Canadian poet. He is the author of "Bloom", a book of poems about Canadian Manhattan Project physicist Louis Slotin. He writes a monthly column on poetry for "The National Post" and lives in Toronto. Admiral of the Fleet Louis Alexander Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (24 May 1854 – 11 September 1921), formerly Prince Louis Alexander of Battenberg, was a British naval officer and German prince related to members of the British Royal Family. Alvin Cushman Graves (November 4, 1909 – July 19, 1965) was an American nuclear physicist who served at the Manhattan Project's Metallurgical Laboratory and the Los Alamos Laboratory during World War II. After the war, he became the head of J (Test) Division at Los Alamos, and was director or assistant director of numerous nuclear weapons tests during the 1940s and 1950s. Graves was badly injured in the 1946 laboratory criticality accident in Los Alamos that killed Louis Slotin, but recovered. Bernice Weldon Sargent, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (24 September 1906 – 17 December 1993) was a Canadian physicist who worked at the Manhattan Project's Montreal Laboratory during the Second World War as head of its nuclear physics division. In his 1932 doctoral thesis, he discovered the relationship between the radioactive disintegration constants of beta particle-emitting radioisotopes and corresponding logarithms of their maximum beta particle energies. These plots are known as "Sargent curves". [/INST] Answer: radiation </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Corkscrew is a steel roller coaster located at Playland, at the PNE amusement park in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, it is famous for its appearance in Final Destination 3,a 2006 American supernatural horror film directed by who, and the third installment in the Final Destination film series? Context The Final Destination (alternatively known as Final Destination 4) is a 2009 American 3D supernatural horror film written by Eric Bress and directed by David R. Ellis, both of whom also worked on "Final Destination 2". Released on August 28, 2009, it is the fourth installment of the "Final Destination" film series, and the first to be shot in HD 3D. It is currently the highest-grossing "Final Destination" film, earning $186 million worldwide but also received the worst critical reception of the franchise. It was followed by "Final Destination 5" (2011). Griffon is a steel Dive Coaster roller coaster located at the Busch Gardens Williamsburg amusement park in James City County, Virginia, United States. Designed by Bolliger & Mabillard, it is 205 ft high, and is the second-fastest (71 mph ) Dive Coaster built. The roller coaster features two Immelmann loops, a splashdown, two vertical drops and was the first of its kind to use floorless trains. Griffon was announced to the public on August 23, 2006 and opened on May 18, 2007 to positive reviews by both newspapers and enthusiasts. In 2007, "Amusement Today"' s annual Golden Ticket Awards voted it the third-best new steel roller coaster of that year and the 27th-best steel roller coaster. It was voted the 33rd-best steel roller coaster in 2013. Final Destination 5 is a 2011 American 3D supernatural horror film directed by Steven Quale and the fifth installment of the "Final Destination" film series. It was directed by Steven Quale, written by Eric Heisserer and stars Nicholas D'Agosto, Emma Bell, Miles Fisher, Arlen Escarpeta, David Koechner and Tony Todd. Corkscrew is a steel roller coaster located at Playland At the PNE amusement park in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It is famous for its appearance in the 2006 motion picture Final Destination 3 (known in the movie as Devil's Flight) and the 2012 motion picture , as well as the popular television series Smallville (season three's "Magnetic"). The bonus disc of the "Final Destination 3" DVD set includes behind the scenes footage shot on and around the coaster, documenting the challenges involved in shooting the complex scenes. Final Destination 3 is a 2006 American supernatural horror film directed by James Wong and the third installment in the "Final Destination" film series. The screenplay was written by Wong and Glen Morgan, both of whom had worked on the franchise's first film. "Final Destination 3" stars Mary Elizabeth Winstead and Ryan Merriman, and is set five years after the first film. Winstead plays Wendy Christensen, a teenager who has a premonition that a roller coaster on which she and her classmates are riding derails. Although she saves some of them, Death begins hunting for the survivors. Wendy realizes the photos she took in the amusement park contain clues about how her classmates will die, and tries to use them to save the rest of the survivors. Bocaraca is a steel roller coaster located at Parque de Diversiones in Costa Rica. It is a standard production model Vekoma Whirlwind double corkscrew roller coaster, featuring a 64 ft lift hill, and a pair of corkscrews separated by a turn. Overall track length is 1184 ft . Borcaraca previously operated at Knoebels Amusement Resort from 1993 to 2004 as Whirlwind and before that, it opened at Playland (New York) in 1984 operating there until 1992 under the name Whirlwind as well. The ride opened at Knoebels in 1993, replacing the Jet Star. The Whirlwind was removed after the 2004 season due to space constraints at Knoebels. After being removed, the ride was moved to Parque de Diversiones where it opened in 2005, and still operates there to this day. While at Knoebels and Playland, the coaster was the only Vekoma corkscrew coaster in the USA to feature two separate corkscrew elements, as opposed to a double corkscrew. The Wooden Roller Coaster (formerly Coaster) is a wooden roller coaster at Playland in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Opened in 1958, it is the oldest roller coaster in Canada. The ride is 2840 ft long—which established it as the largest roller coaster in Canada at the time it was completed—and has a height of 68 ft and speeds of up to 76 km/h . The coaster was awarded the Coaster Classic and Roller Coaster Landmark statuses by American Coaster Enthusiasts. Final Destination 2 is a 2003 American supernatural horror film directed by David R. Ellis. The screenplay was written by J. Mackye Gruber and Eric Bress, based on a story by Gruber, Bress, and series creator Jeffrey Reddick. It is the sequel to the 2000 film "Final Destination" and the second installment of the "Final Destination" film series. Final Destination is a 2000 American supernatural horror film directed by James Wong. It is the first installment of the "Final Destination" film series. The screenplay was written by James Wong, Glen Morgan, and Jeffrey Reddick, based on a story by Reddick. The film stars Devon Sawa, Ali Larter, Kerr Smith, and Tony Todd. Sawa portrays a teenager who cheats death after having a premonition of a catastrophic plane explosion. He and several of his classmates leave the plane before the explosion occurs, but Death later takes the lives of those who were meant to die on the plane. Goliath is a steel Hyper Coaster located at the Six Flags Over Georgia amusement park in Cobb County, Georgia, United States. Designed by Bolliger & Mabillard it reaches a maximum height of 200 ft , a top speed of 70 mi/h , and has approximately 4480 ft of track. Great Gasp and Looping Starship were both removed by the end of the 2005 season to make room for the roller coaster. Goliath was announced to the public on September 1, 2005 and opened on April 1, 2006. In 2006, "Amusement Today"' s annual Golden Ticket Awards voted it the fourth-best new steel roller coaster of that year and the 9th-best steel roller coaster. It was voted the 7th-best steel roller coaster in 2013. [/INST] Answer: James Wong </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Who practice Japanese martial arts? Context Japanese martial arts refer to the variety of martial arts native to the country of Japan. At least three Japanese terms are used interchangeably with the English phrase "Japanese martial arts". Keikogi (稽古着 or 稽古衣 ) or dōgi (道着 ) is a uniform for training, used in martial arts derived from Japan, or budō. ("Keiko" means practice, "gi" means dress or clothes.) The prototype for the modern keikogi emerged in the late 19th century. The keikogi was developed by judo founder Kanō Jigorō. Japanese martial arts historian Dave Lowry speculates Kanō derived the uniform's design from the uniforms of Japanese firefighters' heavy hemp jackets called "hanten". By 1920, the keikogi as it exists today was worn by Kanō's students for judo practice. The Kodokan (judo headquarters) has a photo taken in 1920 that shows Kanō wearing a modern keikogi. Koryū (古流 , old style) is a Japanese term that is used to describe Japanese martial arts that predate the Meiji restoration (1868). The term is synonymous with "Kobudo" (古武道, ancient martial arts) and contrasted with Gendai budō "modern martial arts" (or shinbudo "new martial arts") which refer to schools developed after the Meiji Restoration. Budo: The Art of Killing is an award winning 1978 Japanese martial arts documentary created and produced by Hisao Masuda and financed by The Arthur Davis Company. Considered a cult classic, the film is a compilation of various Japanese martial art demonstrations by several famous Japanese instructors such as Gozo Shioda, Taizaburo Nakamura and Teruo Hayashi. Martial arts featured in the film include: karate, aikido, kendo, sumo, and judo among others. The only modern Japanese martial art not featured in the film is kyudo. Shurikenjutsu (手裏剣術 ) is a general term describing the traditional Japanese martial arts of throwing "shuriken", which are small, hand-held weapons used primarily by the Samurai in feudal Japan, such as metal spikes "bō shuriken", circular plates of metal known as "hira shuriken", and knives ("tantō"). Võ Bình Định (short for "võ thuật Bình Định", martial arts of Bình Định Province) is a regional form of martial arts in Vietnam. All martial arts practiced in Tỉnh (State or Province) Binh Dinh is called Võ Bình Định. There are 11 huyện (Counties or Districts) in the Binh Dinh Region that practices martial arts with villages and cities within each counties that contain style ranging anywhere from 100 to 600 years old. Counties in the Bình Định Province include Phù Mỹ, Huyện Phù Cát, huyện Tây Sơn, huyện An Lão,huyện Hoài Nhơn, Hoài Ân, Huyện Vĩnh Thạnh , huyện Vân Canh, Quy Nhơn, Tuy Phước, and An Nhơn. Three famous villages include Thuận Truyền, and An Vinh both which are located in the Tây Sơn district along with An Thái which is in the An Nhơn district. Thuận Truyền Village and An Vinh Village style of Võ Bình Định is often considered as Võ Tây Sơn or also called Võ cổ truyền meaning Traditional Vietnamese Martial Arts and in the eastern district An Nhơn is An Thái style which is considered Võ Tàu or Chinese Martial Arts. There is an old saying in the Binh Dinh Region which goes "Roi Thuận Truyền, Quyền An Vinh" which means the Thuận Truyền Quyền village is famous for Staff Techniques and An Vinh Village is famous for empty hand forms. An Thái village is also famous empty hand forms along with its various Chinese Martial Arts that is influenced into Vietnamese martial arts. Another saying in the Binh Dinh Province is "Trai An Thái, gái An Vinh" meaning that males practice An Thái style and females practice An Vinh style. The reason for this saying is because the An Thái style utilizes more power in the empty hand forms making it more suitable when performed by a male. Vietnamese people are typically smaller in stature and the An Vinh style assumes that the opponent is not Vietnamese making them possibly taller and stronger. With a height and strength advantage An Vinh Style utilizes speed to overwhelm their opponents which can be seen in their empty hand forms and is more suited towards female fighters. There are systems that are not located in the Tây Sơn district however they are consider Võ Tây Sơn as it contains components of the Tây Sơn style for example Võ Đường Chùa Long Phước in the Tuy Phước district teaches many forms that are seen in the Tây Sơn district such as Ngọc trản quyền, Song Phượng kiếm, Lão Hổ Thượng Sơn and Hùng kê quyền for example. Suburi (素振り ) is a Japanese word for practice swings used in sports such as baseball, tennis, golf, and in martial arts. Outside Japan, the word is used exclusively for repetitive individual cutting exercises used in Japanese martial arts such as kendo, aikido, iaidō, and kenjutsu. Often a shinai (for kendo), bokken, suburitō, or even tanren bō are used. An iaitō or shinken can also be used, albeit rarely. Kenshiro Abbe (阿部謙四郎 , Abe Kenshirō , 15 December 1915 – 1 December 1985) was a prominent Japanese master of judo, aikido, and kendo. He introduced aikido to the United Kingdom in 1955, and founded the Kyushindo system. Abbe was a graduate of the Budo Senmon Gakko, having studied judo and kendo there. Following an illustrious early career in the martial arts, he served in the Imperial Japanese Army before and during World War II. He then trained in aikido under its founder, Morihei Ueshiba, for a decade. Abbe held "dan" ranks in several martial arts, most notably 8th "dan" in judo, 6th "dan" in aikido, and 6th "dan" in kendo. After introducing aikido to the UK, he established several Japanese martial arts councils there during the late 1950s. He returned to Japan in 1964 and remained there for most of the remainder of his life. There are contradictory accounts of Abbe's final years, but it appears that he was in poor spirits and poor health towards the end. Samurai (侍 ) were the military nobility and officer caste of medieval and early-modern Japan. Kashima Shinden Jikishinkage-ryū (鹿島神傳直心影流 ) , often referred to simply as Jikishinkage-ryū or Kashima Shinden, is a traditional school ("koryū") of the Japanese martial art of swordsmanship ("kenjutsu"). The school was founded in the mid-16th century, based upon older styles of swordsmanship, and is one of the few ancient Japanese martial arts schools still existing today. [/INST] Answer: Samurai </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Are Eugenia Maniokova and Jared Palmer both professional tennis players? Context Donald James "Don" Johnson (born September 9, 1968) is a former professional tennis player from the United States who reached the World No. 1 doubles ranking in 2002. Although born in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, he was raised and learned the sport of tennis in the Pittsburgh suburb of Mt. Lebanon, Pennsylvania. Johnson attended Fairview High School in Erie, Pennsylvania, and won the PIAA State Singles Championship in 1984. During his career, he won the Wimbledon men's doubles title in 2001 (partnering Jared Palmer), and the Wimbledon mixed doubles title in 2000 (partnering Kimberly Po). He also won the doubles title at the Tennis Masters Cup in 2000 (partnering Piet Norval). He won a total of 23 top-level doubles titles. The "Challenge of Champions" was created to be one of the richest prize money tennis events in the world. Created by Leo E. Fenn III in 1985 as an Invitation Only Tennis Tournament which would feature daily matches which were the equivalent to the Finals of the US Open or Wimbledon. It was usually held before the Masters and invited only the top eight men's tennis players in the world according to their rankings on the ATP poll. In 1985, creator & founder 24-year-old Leo E. Fenn III partnered with 28-year-old Mark Myden to form a company called Special Events Productions. SEP produced the "Challenge of Champions" Tournament which became a major player in professional tennis. These two entrepreneurs became the youngest producers in history of professional tennis. Leo & Mark acquired major fortune 500 corporate sponsors such as AT&T, VISA, Cadillac, Fila Sportswear, DeBeers Diamonds as well as negotiated two days of live weekend television coverage on NBC. Their title sponsorship package sold to AT&T was the largest single vent sponsorship package in professional tennis that year. Leo negotiated with the brand new Thomas Mack Center Arena in Las Vegas to host the inaugural event. The event rights were eventually sold to Pro Serve and concluded following the 1989 Challenge. Jared Eiseley Palmer (born July 2, 1971) is a professional tennis player who won 28 professional doubles titles and one singles title in his career on the ATP Tour. He also won four double titles on the challenger's circuit (two in 1992 and two in 1993). Palmer turned professional in 1991 after winning the 1991 NCAA Division 1 singles title as a sophomore playing for Stanford University. Rod Laver defeated Tony Roche 6–3, 6–4, 6–2 in the final to win the Gentlemen's Singles title at the 1968 Wimbledon Championships. It was Laver's third Wimbledon title, and his seventh grand slam overall. This was the first year when professional tennis players were allowed to compete at the Wimbledon Championships. Previously only amateur tennis players could compete. Jared Donaldson (born October 9, 1996) is an American professional tennis player from Glocester, Rhode Island. Jared is a "Next Generation" star on the ATP World Tour of Tennis as he is among a handful of top under-21-years-of-age professional tennis players in the world. He has won an ATP Challenger title in each of singles and doubles. Eugenia Aleksandrovna Maniokova (Russian: Евгения Александровна Манюкова ; born 17 May 1968) is a retired professional tennis player from the Russian Federation. She is a former World No. 18 in doubles. Manuela Maleeva-Fragniere and Leila Meskhi were the defending champions. Maleeva-Fragniere retired from tennis earlier that year, but only Meskhi competed that year with Eugenia Maniokova. The 2001 Canada Masters – Doubles was the men's doubles event of the one hundred and twelfth edition of the Canada Masters; a WTA Tier I tournament and the most prestigious men's tennis tournament held in Canada. Sébastien Lareau and Daniel Nestor were the defending champions but they competed with different partners that year, Lareau with Justin Gimelstob and Nestor with Sandon Stolle. Gimelstob and Lareau lost in the first round to Mark Knowles and Brian MacPhie, as did Nestor and Stolle to Jan-Michael Gambill and Simon Larose. Jiří Novák and David Rikl won in the final 6–4, 3–6, 6–3 against Donald Johnson and Jared Palmer. The Virginia Slims Circuit was a tennis tour consisting of a group of originally nine female professional players. Formed in 1970, the Virginia Slims Circuit eventually became the basis for the later named WTA Tour. The players, dubbed the "Original 9", rebelled against the United States Lawn Tennis Association (USLTA) due to the wide inequality between the amount of prize money paid to male tennis players and to female tennis players. Athletic DNA (ADNA) is an American sports apparel company. Founded in Seattle in 2007, ADNA began by training young tennis athletes, which evolved into sponsoring Select Junior Tennis players, and then expanded to manufacturing clothing for youth and adult tennis players. ADNA has since spread to professional tennis, and currently sponsors players on the ATP Tour & WTA Tour. [/INST] Answer: yes </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Between St. John's water dog and the Polish Hunting Dog which was known to be a landrace bred for a specific purpose? Context The German Spaniel, also known as the Deutscher Wachtelhund (German quail dog), is a breed of dog that was developed in Germany around 1890, and is used as a hunting dog. Descended from the old German breed, the Stoeberer (lit. "rummager"), which became popular with commoners following the Revolutions of 1848 in the German states, who required a versatile hunting dog. Stoeberer is now a type of hunting dog in Germany with the Wachtelhund being its sole member. The breed is not very well known outside of Germany, but was recognised by the United Kennel Club in 1996. A parafiscal tax is a tax levied for specific purpose, a tax on a specific product or service by which a government raises money for a specific purpose. The money raised is usually paid to a body other than the national tax authority. The Spanish Water Dog (perro de agua español ) breed dates back several hundred years and has its origins most likely in Turkey from where it was imported into Spain as a general purpose sheepdog and guard. It is also used sometimes as a gundog, and is skilled at retrieval from water. The SWD has strong genetic links to other ancient water breeds such as the Portuguese Water Dog, the French Barbet and the Irish Water Spaniel. The St. John's water dog, also known as the St. John’s dog or the lesser Newfoundland, was a landrace (a dog bred for a purpose, not pedigree or appearance) of domestic dog from Newfoundland. Little is known of the types that went into its genetic makeup, although it was probably a random-bred mix of old English, Irish and Portuguese working dogs. The number of St. John's water dogs started declining by the start of the 20th century. By the early 1980s, the variety was extinct. The Polish Hunting Dog, or formerly Polish Scenthound (Polish: "Gończy Polski" ) is a breed of scent hound originating in Poland. Import Surtaxes (Import Surcharge), also known as special tariffs, which is an extra tax after the normal import tax of /imported goods levied by importing countries.But the extra tax is for some purposes. Import Surtaxes is different from import duty,which is not reflected in the customs tariff, and is set for a specific purpose. It often depends on their level of taxation which is the specific purpose for collection. It is usually temporary or one-off. A Finnish Spitz (Finnish language: "Suomenpystykorva") is a breed of dog originating in Finland. The breed was originally bred to hunt all types of game from squirrels and other rodents to bears. It is a "bark pointer", indicating the position of game by barking, and drawing the game animal's attention to itself, allowing an easier approach for the hunter. Its original game hunting purpose was to point to game that fled into trees, such as grouse, and capercaillies, but it also serves well for hunting elk. Some individuals have even been known to go after a bear. In its native country, the breed is still mostly used as a hunting dog. The breed is friendly and in general loves children, so it is suitable for domestic life. The Finnish Spitz has been the national dog of Finland since 1979. The Mountain Cur is a type of working dog that is bred specifically for treeing and trailing small game, like squirrel and raccoons. They are also used for hunting and baying big game like bear and wild boar as well as being an all-purpose farm dog. Curs are a member of the Hound group, and the Mountain Cur is one of several varieties of cur. It can also be used as a water dog. Mainly bred in Ohio, Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee, it has been registered with the United Kennel Club since 1998. The Mountain Cur Breeder's Association was formed in 1957. The Tweed Water Spaniel, or Tweed Spaniel, is a breed of dog extinct since the 19th century. It is best known for being involved in the early development of the modern Curly Coated Retriever and Golden Retriever breeds of dogs. They were described as a generally brown athletic dogs from the area around Berwick-upon-Tweed near the River Tweed and close to the Scottish Borders. A type of water dog, the breed was not well known outside the local area. This breed may have been created by crossing local water dogs with imported St. John's water dog, another breed which is also now extinct. The Wetterhoun (FCI No.221, translated into English as the Frisian Water Dog) is a breed of dog traditionally used as a hunting dog for hunting small mammals and waterfowl in the province of Fryslan in the Netherlands. The name of the dog comes from the West Frisian "Wetterhûn" meaning "water dog." Plural of Wetterhoun is Wetterhounen in Dutch. The breed may also be called the "Otterhoun" (not to be confused with the Otterhound) or "Dutch Spaniel", although it is not a Spaniel-type dog. [/INST] Answer: St. John's water dog </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question What film about the 1972 'Bloody Sunday' shootings in Northern Ireland won the Golden Bear at the 52nd annual Berlin International Film Festival? Context Paul Greengrass (born 13 August 1955) is an English film director, film producer, screenwriter and former journalist. He specialises in dramatisations of real-life events and is known for his signature use of hand-held cameras. His early film "Bloody Sunday" won the Golden Bear at 52nd Berlin International Film Festival. Other films he has directed include three in the "Bourne" action/thriller series: "The Bourne Supremacy" (2004), "The Bourne Ultimatum" (2007), and "Jason Bourne" (2016); "United 93" (2006), for which he won the BAFTA Award for Best Director, and received an Academy Award for Best Director nomination, "Green Zone" (2010) and "Captain Phillips" (2013). In 2004 he co-wrote and produced the film "Omagh", which won British Academy Television Award. The 64th annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 6 to 16 February 2014. Wes Anderson's film "The Grand Budapest Hotel" opened the festival. British film director Ken Loach was presented with the Honorary Golden Bear. The Golden Bear was awarded to the Chinese film "Black Coal, Thin Ice" directed by Diao Yinan, which also served as closing film. The 42nd annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from February 13 to 24, 1992. The festival opened with "The Inner Circle" by Andrei Konchalovsky. The Golden Bear was awarded to American film "Grand Canyon" directed by Lawrence Kasdan. The retrospective dedicated to Babelsberg Studios films was shown at the festival. The 52nd annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from February 6 to 17, 2002. The festival opened with "Heaven" by Tom Tykwer. New print of Charlie Chaplin's 1940 American satirical dramedy film "The Great Dictator" was the closing film of the festival. The Golden Bear was awarded to British–Irish film "Bloody Sunday" directed by Paul Greengrass and Japanese Animated film "Spirited Away" directed by Hayao Miyazaki. Bloody Sunday is a 2002 film about the 1972 "Bloody Sunday" shootings in Derry, Northern Ireland. Although produced by Granada Television as a TV film, it premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on 16 January, a few days before its screening on ITV on 20 January, and then in selected London cinemas from 25 January. The production was written and directed by Paul Greengrass. Though set in Derry, the film was actually shot in Ballymun in North Dublin. However, some location scenes were shot in Derry, in Guildhall Square and in Creggan on the actual route of the march in 1972. The 22nd annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 23 June to 4 July 1972. The Golden Bear was awarded to the Italian film "I racconti di Canterbury" directed by Pier Paolo Pasolini. The 62nd annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 9 to 19 February 2012. British film director Mike Leigh was the President of the Jury. The first five films to be screened in the competition were announced on 19 December 2011. American actress Meryl Streep was presented with the Honorary Golden Bear on 14 February. Benoît Jacquot's film "Les adieux à la reine" was announced as the opening film. The Golden Bear for Best Film went to the Italian film "Caesar Must Die", directed by Paolo and Vittorio Taviani, which also served as closing night film. The 61st annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 10 to 20 February 2011, with actress Isabella Rossellini as the President of the Jury. The Coen Brothers film "True Grit" opened the festival. 300,000 tickets were sold in total during the event, to 20,000 attendees from 116 countries, including 3900 members of the press. German actor Armin Mueller-Stahl received the Honorary Golden Bear for lifetime achievement. The Golden Bear for Best Film went to the Iranian film "Nader and Simin, A Separation", directed by Asghar Farhadi, which also served as the closing film at the festival. Manuel Gutiérrez Aragón (Torrelavega, Cantabria 2 January 1940) is a Spanish screenwriter and film director. His 1973 film "Habla, mudita" was entered into the 23rd Berlin International Film Festival. In 1977, he won the Silver Bear for Best Director for "Camada negra" at the 27th Berlin International Film Festival. His 1979 film "El corazón del bosque" was entered into the 29th Berlin International Film Festival. Two years later, his film "Maravillas" was entered into the 31st Berlin International Film Festival. His 1982 film "Demons in the Garden" was entered into the 13th Moscow International Film Festival where it won the FIPRESCI Prize. In 1991 he was a member of the jury at the 17th Moscow International Film Festival. The 32nd annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 12–23 February 1982. The Golden Bear was awarded to the West German film "Veronika Voss" directed by Rainer Werner Fassbinder. [/INST] Answer: Bloody Sunday </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question When was the musician who released the album The Delicate Forever born? Context Christopher David Owens (born July 13, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, and musician. He is best known as the frontman and songwriter for the now-disbanded indie rock band Girls. He released his debut album as a solo artist, "Lysandre", in January 2013. In September 2014, Owens released his second album, "A New Testament". In May 2015, Owens released his third album, "Chrissybaby Forever". Felt is a studio album by American musician Kamtin Mohager, released under his indietronica moniker, The Chain Gang of 1974. The fourth studio album by The Chain Gang of 1974, it was the second album released under a major label on June 23, 2017, through Virgin Records subsidiary Caroline Records. The album, described by Mohager as the most "honest" album he's created, represents a change of the Chain Gang's sound to a more pop-centric approach, detailing the personal experiences of Mohager and "the feelings of [his] past". The album's sound is the result of Mohager being exposed to new sounds during his time writing songs outside of the Chain Gang, in the years following the successful "Daydream Forever". Mirages is the third studio album by Canadian electronic music musician Tim Hecker, released on September 21, 2004 on Alien8 Recordings. It is described on the Alien8 website as “an ambient-death-metal classic in waiting.” The album is composed primarily of heavily distorted and processed guitar. Relatively free of beats, this album moves rhythmically along in a glitch fashion, acquiring rhythm through pulsating or droning bass and some sounds resembling digital malfunction. In addition to sharing similar moods and tones, the tracks bleed into each other, making this a nearly seamless composition. The distortion guitar and feedback elements with delicate underlying melodies may call to mind the textural rock compositions of shoegaze. The Delicate Forever (2014) is an album by American ambient musician Steve Roach. It contains minimal electronics interplay musical space, breath, silence, and rich textural colors in a subtle dynamic flow. Recorded at Timeroom, manufactured by Disc Makers. Created using primarily analog equipment at The Timeroom, Southern Arizona, during 2013 and 2014. American musician DJ Khaled has released ten studio albums, twenty six singles and nine featured singles. His first album, "Listennn... the Album", was released in 2006. "We the Best", his second album, was released in 2007 and contains the hits "We Takin' Over", with Akon, T.I., Rick Ross, Fat Joe, Birdman and Lil Wayne, and "I'm So Hood", with T-Pain, Rick Ross, Trick Daddy, and Plies. The two songs peaked at number 28 and number 19 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 and are platinum songs, and "We the Best" peaked at number eight on the US "Billboard" 200. His next album, "We Global", from 2008, peaked at number seven on the albums chart and has the song "Out Here Grindin'", featuring Akon, Rick Ross, Plies, Lil Boosie, Ace Hood, and Trick Daddy. "All I Do is Win" had peaked at number 24 on the Hot 100 as "Victory"'s third single, and was certified double platinum by the RIAA. Released in 2011 was "We the Best Forever", containing the top 10 song "I'm On One", with Drake, Rick Ross and Lil Wayne. The album hit number five on the "Billboard" 200. Miko is a song written by American electronic rock musician Kamtin Mohager, known by his stage name, The Chain Gang of 1974. The song was originally recorded by Mohager for his third studio album, "Daydream Forever", where it appears as the fifth track. A "Miko" single, featuring the track of the same name, was released in the United States on July 31, 2013, as the lead single promoting "Daydream Forever". Forever Blue is the fifth album by American rock and roll musician Chris Isaak, released in 1995. The album included three singles: the Grammy-nominated "Somebody's Crying"; "Baby Did a Bad Bad Thing," which was featured in Stanley Kubrick's final film, "Eyes Wide Shut"; and "Graduation Day," featured in the 1996 film "Beautiful Girls". In 1996, Forever Blue was also nominated for Best Rock Album. Antonio Neal Phelon (born June 7, 1973) is an American gospel musician and music producer, Christian R&B, Christian hip hop, urban gospel and black gospel recording artist and singer. He started his music career, in 1999, with an independently-made album. His first studio album, "Days of My Life", that was released by EMI Gospel. His only hip hop music album, "Bible Megamix", was released Anshar Forever Records, in 2009. The only extended play, "Welcome Home", a contemporary R&B work, was released by Madison Line, in 2014. He has won two GMA Dove Awards, one for his songwriting and another for his music production work. Dangerous is the eighth studio album by American recording artist Michael Jackson, released on November 26, 1991 by Epic Records. It was his fourth studio album released under the Epic label, and his first since 1975's "Forever, Michael" not to be produced by longtime collaborator Quincy Jones, who had agreed to split after the final recording sessions for Jackson's 1987 album, "Bad". "Dangerous" took over a year in production, and was produced by Jackson with additional production from his friend Bill Bottrell and Teddy Riley. Jackson wrote twelve of the fourteen songs on the album. Lyrical themes expressed on the album included racism, poverty, romance, the welfare of children and the world and self-improvement, topics Jackson had covered before. Nine singles were released from "Dangerous" between November 1991 and December 1993, with seven singles issued in the United States, and two others released only outside the US. The two singles released outside the United States were successful, charting within the top ten and top forty respectively. "Dangerous" peaked at number one in nine countries, while charting at the top ten in four other territories. The only songs not released as singles were "Why You Wanna Trip on Me", "She Drives Me Wild", "Can't Let Her Get Away", "Keep the Faith" and "Dangerous"; a video and a single release for the latter was said to have been planned, but was postponed indefinitely due to the musician's tour and allegations of child sexual abuse in 1993. Steve Roach (born February 16, 1955) is an American composer and performer of ambient electronic music, whose recordings are also classified in the genres of space, drone, and new-age. [/INST] Answer: February 16, 1955 </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Within which mountains European settlers found gaps in the mountains? Context Appalachia's geography presents special challenges to transportation. In Europe, while mountain ranges presented challenges to transport, they could mostly be avoided. In North America, however, the Appalachian Mountains presented a barrier that could not be easily out-flanked. Initially, European settlers found gaps in the mountains, among them the Cumberland Gap and the Wilderness Road. The 1813 crossing of the Blue Mountains was the expedition led by Gregory Blaxland, William Lawson and William Charles Wentworth, which became the first successful crossing of the Blue Mountains in New South Wales by European settlers. The crossing enabled the settlers to access and use the land west of the mountains for farming, and made possible the establishment of Australia's first inland settlement at Bathurst. Mswati II (c. 1820–1868), also known as Mswati and Mavuso III, was the king of Swaziland between 1840 and 1868. He was also the eponym of Swaziland. Mswati is considered to be one of the greatest fighting kings of Swaziland. Under his kingship, the territorial boundaries of Swaziland were greatly increased. Mswati was the son of Sobhuza I and Tsandzile Ndwandwe (known as 'LaZidze) who after ruling as Queen Mother became Queen Regent after the death of her son. After the death of Sobhuza, Mswati inherited an area which extended as far as present day Barberton in the north and included the Nomahasha district in the Portuguese territory of Mozambique. Mswati’s military power initially suppressed by infighting with his brothers Fokoti, Somcuba and Malambule was increased in the late 1850s and later on. When Mswati's armies attacked organized forces of other Bantu tribes or nations, the goal was initially plunder in the form of cattle and captives, rather than incorporation into one political unit. The arrival of Trekboers in what would become the Transvaal republic marked the first contact with Swazis and European settlers occurred during this period. Mswati greatly extended the boundaries of the Swazi territory beyond that of the present state with military outposts and royal villages outposts such as Mbhuleni, on the upper Komati River at the foot of the Mkongomo Mountains, south of Badplaas, Mekemeke which is east of the Mbayiyane Mountains, situated east of Mantibovu (Low’s Creek). The death of Mswati II in July 1868 ended the era of Swazi conquest, territorial expansion and resulted in unification of various people into one nation. Greenland is a city in Washington County, Arkansas. The community is located in the Boston Mountains deep in the Ozark Mountains. Early settlers found prosperity by growing fruit, including apples and a variety of berries, and raising chickens. The completion of the St. Louis–San Francisco Railway through the mountains in 1882 further grew the local economy, leading Greenland to incorporate in 1910. Located immediately south of Fayetteville in the Northwest Arkansas metropolitan statistical area, Greenland has been experiencing a population boom in recent years, as indicated by a 39% growth in population between the 2000 and 2010 censuses. Piedmont National Wildlife Refuge is a 35000 acre National Wildlife Refuge established in 1939 and located in central Georgia. It is primarily an upland forest dominated by loblolly pine on the ridges with hardwoods found along the creek bottoms and in scattered upland coves. Clear streams and beaver ponds provide ideal wetland habitat for wood ducks and other wetland dependent species. In the early 19th century the European settlers arrived in abundance and began to clear the land to plant a variety of crops. The settlers removed more than 90% of the forest. The continuous planting of cotton caused serious erosion and soil infertility. By the late 1870s they had abandoned more than a third of the land because the land could not sustain crops. The Culture of Arkansas is a subculture of the Southern United States that has come from blending heavy amounts of various European settlers culture with the culture of African slaves and Native Americans. Southern culture remains prominent in the rural Arkansas delta and south Arkansas. The Ozark Mountains and the Ouachita Mountains retain their historical mount. Arkansans share a history with the other Southern States that includes the institution of slavery, the American Civil War, Reconstruction, Jim Crow laws, segregation, the Great Depression, and the Civil Rights Movement. The Sauratown Mountains,( Pronounced Sar-a -town like Laura not Sour )which are sometimes called "the mountains away from the mountains", are an isolated mountain range located within Stokes and Surry counties in the U.S. state of North Carolina. The vast majority of the range is located in Stokes County, and even though the range occupies only 5% of Stokes County's area, it dominates the county's scenery from almost every direction. The Sauras rise sharply 800 to 1,700 feet (244 to 518 meters) above the surrounding terrain. The Sauratown Mountains were named after the "Sauras", a Native American tribe that lived in the area before European settlers arrived in the early 1700s. The range consists of rugged, heavily forested ridges frequently broken by large quartzite rock cliffs that can be seen for miles. The Sauratown Mountains are known for offering some of the best rock climbing in North Carolina. The highest point in the Sauratown Mountains is Moore's Knob, which rises to 2,579 feet (786 m). Cheech-Ma-Ham (Chetzemoka). In 1808, a child was born at KaTai to Quah-Tum-A-Low and Lach-Ka-Nam, chief of the S’Klallam. He was named Cheech-Ma-Ham (or Chits-Ma-Han). Cheech-Ma-Ham was forty years old when the first white settlers arrived at Port Townsend, Washington. The settlers found his name difficult to pronounce so they changed it to Chetzemoka; and he was; given the “royal” nickname Duke of York. His son was called Prince of Wales and his two wives were Queen Victoria and Jenny Lind. His older brother, next in line to become chief, was called King George. King George was the quarrelsome type, unlike the diplomatic Duke. One day, after a disagreement, he packed up all his possessions and paddled off to board a ship for San Francisco, never to return. The Tyson McCarter Place was a homestead located in the Great Smoky Mountains of Sevier County, in the U.S. state of Tennessee. Before the establishment of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in the 1930s, the homestead belonged to mountain farmer Jacob Tyson McCarter (1878–1950), a descendant of some of the area's earliest European settlers. While McCarter's house is no longer standing, several outbuildings— including a barn, springhouse, corn crib, and smokehouse— have survived, and have been placed on the National Register of Historic Places. The Cumberland Gap is a narrow pass through the long ridge of the Cumberland Mountains, within the Appalachian Mountains, near the junction of the U.S. states of Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee. [/INST] Answer: Appalachian Mountains </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question What Cuban American runner was later disqualified from the Boston Marathon? Context Kaye Anne Starosciak (born Kaye Anne Pappas on April 23, 1973) is an American long-distance runner. She is regarded as one of the top Masters runners in the United States, competing in the Elite Female Division (Top 50) of the 2014 Boston Marathon and finishing 7th Overall for Female Masters. Starosciak has won full and half marathons as well as shorter distance races and trail competitions, but is known as much for her fundraising efforts on behalf of numerous charities and causes. She competed in the 2013 Boston Marathon, finishing approximately one hour before bombings that forced the race to be stopped. Prior to competing in the 2014 Boston Marathon, Starosciak said "I think people coming back are showing that we're not going to let terrorism take us down. It all comes together to show that we can't be beaten." William Henry "Bill" Rodgers (born December 23, 1947) is an American runner and former American record holder in the marathon who is best known for his four victories in the Boston Marathon, including three straight 1978-1980 and the New York City Marathon between 1976 and 1980. Rosie Ruiz (born 1953) is a Cuban American runner who was declared the winner in the female category for the 84th Boston Marathon in 1980, only to have her title stripped eight days after the race when it was discovered that she had not run the entire course. She is believed to have jumped onto the course about a half-mile before the finish. Mebrahtom "Meb" Keflezighi ( ; Ge'ez: መብራህቶም ክፍልእዝጊ, "Mebrāhtōm Kifl'izgī"; born May 5, 1975) is an Eritrean-born American long distance runner. He is the 2004 Olympic silver medalist in the marathon and finished in fourth place in the 2012 Summer Olympics. He won the 2009 New York City Marathon on November 1, 2009, and the 2014 Boston Marathon on April 21, 2014, becoming the first American man to win each race since 1982 and 1983, respectively. Keflezighi is a graduate of UCLA where he won four NCAA championships competing for the UCLA Bruins track and field team. He came in fourth in the 2014 New York City Marathon on November 2, 2014, eighth in the 2015 Boston Marathon on April 20, 2015 and second in the 2016 U.S. Olympic Team Trials to qualify for the 2016 Summer Olympics. Suh Yun-bok (9 January 1923 – 27 June 2017) was a South Korean athlete, who is best known as the winner of the 1947 Boston Marathon. He won the race with a world best time of 2:25:39 under the coach Sohn Kee-chung, the Korean winner of the marathon at the 1936 Berlin Olympics. His participation in the Boston Marathon was financed by donations from servicemen in the United States Forces Korea. His win was the first time a world best for the men's marathon was set at the Boston Marathon. The previous world best was set by his coach Sohn in Tokyo, Japan in 1935. Uta Pippig (born 7 September 1965) is a retired German Long-distance runner, and the first woman to officially win the Boston Marathon three consecutive times (1994–1996). She also won the Berlin Marathon three times (1990, 1992 and 1995); the 1993 New York City Marathon; represented Germany at the Olympic Games in 1992 and 1996, and won a bronze medal at the 1991 World 15km Road Race Championship. Her marathon best of 2:21:45 set in Boston in 1994, made her the third-fastest female marathon runner in history at that time. She obtained American citizenship in 2004. Yolanda Beatriz Caballero Pérez (born March 9, 1982) is a long-distance runner from Colombia. Her personal best of 2:26:17 hours for the marathon (set at the Boston Marathon) is the fastest by a South American runner. Her half marathon best of 1:10:30 hours is also a South American record. Tom Fleming (Thomas J. Fleming) (July 23, 1951 – April 19, 2017) was an American runner who won the 1973 and 1975 New York City Marathon. He was also a two time runner-up in the Boston Marathon in 1973 and 1974 and finished six times in the top ten in the BAA marathon. Fleming was the winner of the Cleveland, Toronto, Los Angeles, Jersey Shore (3 times) and Washington DC marathons in the 1970s. He set a personal best of 2:12:05 in the Boston Marathon 1975, and was renowned for running 110 to 150 miles per week to train for road racing. He was awarded the United Nations Peace Medal in 1977. Jacqueline Gareau (born March 10, 1953 in L'Annonciation, Quebec) is a Canadian runner who won the Boston Marathon on April 21, 1980. Gareau led the women's field for most of the race, only to find another runner, Rosie Ruiz, wearing the traditional victor's laurels when she crossed the finish line. Ruiz was later disqualified after it was determined she hadn't run the entire race, and Gareau was awarded the victory in a special ceremony one week later. Her official time for the 1980 marathon, 2:34:28, was the fastest time recorded for a woman in the event's history at the time. Tommy Manning (born 1975) is an American runner. He was a member of the 2010 United States Mountain Running Team that placed second at the World Mountain Running Championships in Kamnik, Slovenia. Manning finished 18th overall out of 149 runners. Manning won the 2004 Tulsa Run, finished second at the 2009 Pikes Peak Ascent, and finished 34th overall at the 2009 Boston Marathon. [/INST] Answer: Rosie Ruiz </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question The Agenda Project released its "America the Beautiful" campaign in response to the 54th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives proposed cuts to what? Context In May 2011, The Agenda Project, New York-based non-profit political organization, released its “America the Beautiful” campaign, also known as “Granny off the Cliff.” The video was created in response to Rep. Paul Ryan’s proposed Medicare cuts, as part of The Path to Prosperity, the Republican Party’s long-term budget proposal. Linda L. Upmeyer (born July 23, 1952) is the Iowa State Representative from the 54th District. She has served in the Iowa House of Representatives since 2003 and is the current Speaker of the Iowa House of Representatives. She is the first female Speaker in Iowa's history. She received her BSN from the University of Northern Iowa and her MSN from Drake University. On August 19, 2015 was elected by the members of the Iowa House of Representatives Republican majority to serve as the Speaker of the House. Upmeyer's father, Del Stromer served as Speaker from 1981–82. G. Steven Rowe, known commonly as Steve Rowe, is a former Maine politician. A Democrat, he first entered politics in 1992 as a member of the Maine House of Representatives. In 1998, he became the 94th Speaker of the Maine House of Representatives, serving until he was term-limited from the House in 2000. In 2001, Rowe was elected as the 54th Maine Attorney General, serving eight years in that position. John Nance Garner IV (November 22, 1868 – November 7, 1967), known among his contemporaries as "Cactus Jack", was an American Democratic politician and lawyer from Texas. He was the 39th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1931 to 1933. He was also the 32nd Vice President of the United States, serving from 1933 to 1941. Along with Schuyler Colfax, Garner is one of two individuals to serve as Vice President of the United States and Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. Thomas Stephen Foley, KBE (March 6, 1929 – October 18, 2013) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 49th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1989 to 1995. A member of the Democratic Party Foley represented Washington's 5th congressional district as from 1965 to 1995. Foley was the first Speaker of the House since 1862 to be defeated in a re-election campaign. Theodore Medad Pomeroy (December 31, 1824 – March 23, 1905) was an American businessman and politician from New York who served as the 26th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from March 3, 1869, to March 4, 1869, the shortest American speakership term in history. He represented New York's 24th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1861 to 1869. He also served as the mayor of Auburn, New York, from 1875 to 1876, and in the New York State Senate from 1878 to 1879. The political positions of Paul Ryan, since 1999 the U.S. Representative from Wisconsin's 1st congressional district and currently the 54th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, are generally conservative, with a focus on fiscal policy. Ryan was Chairman of the House Budget Committee from 2011 to 2015 and of Ways and Means in 2015. Ryan was the Republican nominee for Vice President as the running mate of Mitt Romney in the 2012 presidential election. Paul Davis Ryan Jr. ( ; born January 29, 1970) is an American politician who is the 54th and current Speaker of the United States House of Representatives. He was the Republican Party nominee for Vice President of the United States, running alongside former Governor Mitt Romney of Massachusetts, in the 2012 election. Robert S. Kiss (born November 12, 1957) is a Democratic politician from West Virginia. He was the 54th Speaker of the House for the West Virginia House of Delegates, a position which he has held since 1997 until 2007. In 2004, he announced that he would not be running for a tenth term in the House of Delegates, and would retire as speaker in 2006. Thomas Phillip "Tip" O'Neill Jr. (December 9, 1912 – January 5, 1994) was an American politician who served as the 47th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives from 1977 to 1987, representing northern Boston, Massachusetts as a Democrat from 1953 to 1987. The only Speaker to serve for five complete consecutive Congresses, he is the third longest-serving Speaker in American history after Sam Rayburn and Henry Clay. [/INST] Answer: Medicare </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question What telephone plug is used by the company which launched under the name Mobilkom Austria? Context A standard Swedish telephone plug carries one telephone line and has four flat metal pins and one plastic pin. The design is only used in Sweden and older installations in Iceland (RJ11 and a data/voice standard using an 8P8C modular connector are used in more recent buildings). Neither plug nor socket is compatible with other plugs and sockets. It is defined in Swedish Standard SS 455 15 50. The Danish telephone plug is the special flat round telephone plug used in Denmark for POTS (analog) telephone lines and some "raw copper" (for ADSL etc.) telephone lines. The plug has 3 flat pins arranged at right angles to each other. This plug is used in few if any other places in the world, and most equipment now made uses the US/International RJ11 socket on the device end and includes either a cable with the Danish Telephone Plug at the wall end, or a standard RJ11 to RJ11 cable with a bundled Telephone Adapter . F-010 or T plug or PTT plug is a type of telephone plug and matching socket. The F-010 standard originated in France and is used there (overseas departments and territories included) and in other countries, including Algeria, Andorra, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Chad, Comoros, Republic of the Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Grenadines, Ivory Coast, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Monaco, Morocco, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Somalia, Togo and Tunisia. TDO ("Telefonsteckdose") is the telephone plug used by A1 Telekom Austria. A standard tetrapolar telephone plug has four round metal pins and one plastic pin. The design is only used in Belgium for telephone wiring. It is similar to the tripolar telephone plug of Italy and also the Swedish telephone plug. The telefonic tripolar plug is the first type of telephone plug used in Italy. It has also been used in Turkey in older installations. A telephone plug is a type of connector used to connect a telephone set to the telephone wiring inside a building, establishing a connection to a telephone network. It is inserted into its counterpart, a telephone jack, commonly affixed to a wall or baseboard. The standard for telephone plugs varies from country to country, though the RJ11 modular connector has become by far the most common. The Protea telephone plug, sometimes called simply the "South African" telephone plug, was widely used in South Africa from the 1970s until the 1990s. As of 2004, telephone installations in South Africa use RJ11 plugs (which are sometimes referred to in South Africa as "Venus" plugs), but Protea plugs are still often encountered in older installations. The Telebrás plug is the old Brazilian telephone plug and socket system. It uses a large plug (about 4 cm x 4 cm) with 2 flat metal pins + 2 flat plastic pins. Three of the pins have the same orientation and the fourth pin being rotated 90 degrees to make it impossible to plug in the wrong orientation. A1 Telekom Austria (A) is a major Austrian fixed and mobile network operator. It has been operating commercially since 1994 and in testing since 1992. It launched under the name Mobilkom Austria. After the merger with Telekom Austria in July 2010 it operates under the new name of A1 Telekom Austria. [/INST] Answer: TDO </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question The 503rd Infantry Regiment and the 2nd Infantry Division are both formations of what military branch Context The 37th Field Artillery Regiment is a field artillery regiment of the United States Army, and parent regiment under the U.S. Army Regimental System. The regiment was first constituted 5 July 1918 in the National Army. The regiment served with the 10th Division during World War I, and the 2nd Infantry Division during World War II. Elements of the regiment have served with the 2nd Infantry Division, 6th Infantry Division, 79th Infantry Division, and 172nd Infantry Brigade, among other units. Two battalions of the regiment are currently active, the 1st Battalion, 37th Field Artillery is the direct support cannon battalion, in support of the 1st Stryker Brigade Combat Team, 2nd Infantry Division and the 6th Battalion, 37th Field Artillery is a Multiple Launch Rocket System battalion in the 210th Field Artillery Brigade. The 503rd Infantry Regiment, formerly the 503rd Parachute Infantry Regiment (PIR) and the 503rd Airborne Infantry Regiment (AIR), is an airborne infantry regiment of the United States Army. The regiment served as an independent regiment in the Pacific War during World War II; at Fort Campbell, Kentucky; in Okinawa, Japan; and in Germany. Regimental elements have been assigned to the 2nd Infantry Division, the 11th Airborne Division, the 24th Infantry Division, the 82nd Airborne Division, and the 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team. Regimental elements have participated in campaigns in the Vietnam War, Operation Enduring Freedom–Afghanistan, and Operation Iraqi Freedom. The regiment claims 15 Medal of Honor recipients: two from World War II, 10 from Vietnam, and three from Afghanistan. A parent regiment under the U.S. Army Regimental System. The regiment's 1st and 2nd Battalions are active, assigned to the 173rd Airborne Brigade, based at Caserma Ederle, Vicenza, Italy. The 52nd Infantry Division ("52.Infanterie-Division") was a division of the Imperial German Army during World War I. The division was formed on March 6, 1915, from units taken from other divisions or newly raised. The division was initially mixed, with two infantry regiments from the Grand Duchy of Baden, one infantry regiment from Prussian Saxony, and Prussian and Baden support units (cavalry, artillery, engineers, and service and support units). While the infantry regiments and the divisional cavalry squadron were regular army units, the rest of the division was made up of reserve units and units formed during the war. The 66th Magdeburg Infantry Regiment was taken from the 7th Infantry Division, and the 169th and 170th Infantry Regiments were taken from Baden's 29th Infantry Division. The 52nd Infantry Division became more Baden as the war progressed, as the 66th Magdeburg Infantry Regiment, the regiment from Prussian Saxony, was replaced on April 6, 1917, by Baden's 111th Infantry Regiment "Margrave Ludwig Wilhelm". The 2nd Infantry Division ("Indianhead"; "2ID," "2nd ID", or "Second D") is a formation of the United States Army. Its current primary mission is the defense of South Korea in the initial stages of an invasion from North Korea until other American units can arrive. There are approximately 17,000 soldiers in the 2nd Infantry Division, with 10,000 of them stationed in South Korea, accounting for about 35% of the United States Forces Korea personnel. The 502nd Infantry Regiment (502nd INF), previously titled the 502nd Parachute Infantry Regiment (502nd PIR), is an airborne infantry regiment of the United States Army. The regiment was established shortly after the American entry into World War II, and was assigned as a regiment of the 101st Airborne Division, "The Screaming Eagles", one of the most decorated formations of the U.S. Army. The regiment saw substantial action in the European Theater of World War II and was deactivated in 1945, shortly after the end of the war. Reactivating in a new form in 1956, the 502nd Infantry has served in the Vietnam War, the first Gulf War, Operation Iraqi Freedom, Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan, and Operation Inherent Resolve in Iraq. It was removed from parachute status with the rest of the 101st Airborne Division in 1969, and since 1974, the regiment has been classified as an Air Assault unit. Currently, its 1st and 2nd battalions are active. Both battalions are assigned to the 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault). At the time of its activation, the 2nd Infantry Division was composed of the 3rd Infantry Brigade, which included the 9th Infantry Regiment; the 23rd Infantry Regiment and the 5th Machine Gun Battalion; the 4th Marine Brigade, which consisted of the 5th Marine Regiment, the 6th Marine Regiment and the 6th Machine Gun Battalion; 2nd Brigade of field artillery; and various supporting units. The 153d Infantry Regiment (First Arkansas) is a United States infantry regiment, currently represented in the Arkansas Army National Guard by the 1st Battalion, 153rd Infantry, headquartered at Malvern, Arkansas, and 2nd Battalion, 153rd Infantry, headquartered at Searcy, Arkansas, elements of the 39th Brigade Combat Team. The regiment was also represented by the 3rd Battalion, 153rd Infantry Regiment headquartered at Warren, Arkansas until that unit was deactivated on 5 September 2005. The regiment was activated as the 1st Arkansas Volunteer Infantry for the Spanish-American War, but did not deploy overseas. The regiment was activated for World War I, redesignated as the 153rd Infantry and shipped to France as a part of the 39th Division, but became a replacement division and personnel were reassigned to other AEF units. The regiment was activated for World War II and deployed to the Aleutian Islands, participating in the Aleutian Islands Campaign. Recently, elements of the regiment have participated in two deployments in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom, in 2004 and again in 2008. The 2nd Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment (2-503rd) is an active duty airborne infantry battalion in the United States Army, assigned to the 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team and stationed at Caserma Ederle, Vicenza, Italy. The battalion has served with the 2nd Infantry Division, the 11th Airborne Division, the 24th Infantry Division, the 82nd Airborne Division, and the 173rd Airborne Brigade; has been stationed in Korea, Germany, Italy and the United States; and earned campaign credits in World War II, the Vietnam War, Operation Enduring Freedom-Afghanistan, and Operation Iraqi Freedom. In October 2006, the 1st Battalion, 9th Infantry Regiment (1-9 IN) deployed to east Ramadi for the 2nd Brigade of the 2nd Infantry Division's second tour to Iraq. The "Manchus" were replacing the 506th Infantry Regiment (506 AR) from the 101st Airborne Division, and the 1st Armored Division (1 AD). Many soldiers of the new battalion had previously been in east Ramadi during a 2004-2005 deployment under the colors of the 503rd Infantry Regiment (1-503 IN), thus giving the Americans a slight advantage in that many of the battalion's non-commissioned officers were already familiar with the terrain. The 1st Battalion, 503rd Infantry Regiment (1-503rd) is an active duty airborne infantry battalion in the United States Army, assigned to the 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team and stationed in Vicennza, Italy. The battalion has served with the 2nd Infantry Division, the 11th Airborne Division, the 24th Infantry Division, the 82nd Airborne Division, and the 173rd Airborne Brigade; has been stationed in Korea, Italy and the United States; and earned campaign credits in World War II, the Vietnam War, Operation Enduring Freedom-Afghanistan, and Operation Iraqi Freedom. [/INST] Answer: United States Army </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Which South Korean horror drama film directed by Kim Ki-duk did Lee Eun-woo star in? Context Lee Eun-woo (born August 22, 1980) is a South Korean actress. She has worked on films such as "Moebius" and "Kabukicho Love Hotel". In 2013, she was nominated for Best New Actress at the 34th Blue Dragon Film Awards. Arirang (Korean: 아리랑 ) is a 2011 South Korean documentary film by Kim Ki-duk. The film addresses a personal crisis Kim went through, sparked by an incident during the filming of his previous film, "Dream", where the lead actress nearly died by hanging, and by the departure of a couple of close colleagues, including the director Jang Hoon. The title comes from a Korean folk song with the same title. In a heavily line-broken text released about the film, Kim writes that "Through "Arirang" I understand human beings, thank the nature, and accept my life as it is now." Kim produced the film entirely on his own. It premiered in the Un Certain Regard section of the 2011 Cannes Film Festival, and won the top award for best film. Made in China (Hangul: 메이드 인 차이나 ) is a 2015 South Korean drama film directed by Kim Dong-Hoo. It was written and produced by the renowned art house moviemaker Kim Ki-duk. Amen is a 2011 South Korean drama film written and directed by Kim Ki-duk, starring Kim Ye-na. Shot in Europe, it follows a Korean girl on a mysterious journey. The film premiered in competition at the 2011 San Sebastián International Film Festival. 3-Iron (; lit. "Empty House") is a 2004 South Korean romantic drama film directed by Kim Ki-duk. The plot revolves around the relationship between a young drifter and an abused housewife. The film is notable for the lack of dialogue between its two main characters. The title comes from a type of golf club used prominently in the film. Red Family (Hangul: 붉은 가족 ) is a 2013 South Korean drama film directed by Lee Ju-Hyoung. It was written, produced and co-edited by the renowned art house moviemaker Kim Ki-duk. Godsend (Hangul: 신의 선물 ) is a 2014 South Korean drama film directed by Si-hyun Moon. It was written by the renowned art house moviemaker Kim Ki-duk. Kim Ki-duk (29 September 1934 – 7 September 2017) was a South Korean film director and professor. Best known outside of Korea for his 1967 giant monster film "", Kim Ki-duk directed 66 movies in total from his directorial debut in 1961 until his retirement from the film industry in 1977. Along with Kim Soo-yong and Lee Man-hee, Kim was one of the leading young directors of the Korean cinematic wave of the 1960s. The most distinctive and successful genre of this period was the melodrama (청춘영화 - "cheongchun yeonghwa"). He is not related to Kim Ki-duk, the South Korean director of "3-Iron". Stopped on Track (German: Halt auf Freier Strecke ) is a 2011 German drama film directed by Andreas Dresen. It premiered in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival. The film won the Prize Un Certain Regard, the top award for best film in the section. The win was shared with the South Korean film "Arirang", directed by Kim Ki-duk. Moebius is a 2013 South Korean horror drama film written and directed by Kim Ki-duk. It was screened out of competition at the 70th Venice International Film Festival. It was initially banned in South Korea, before the Korea Media Rating Board reviewed the film and changed the rating. [/INST] Answer: Moebius </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question "Cose della vita" is a song originally released by a musician and singer-songwriter of what nationality? Context Born in Florence, Vallesi began studying piano as a child and he later started working as an arranger and a composer. Put under contract by Caterina Caselli, in 1991 he had his breakout with the song "Le persone inutili" which won the newcomer section at the Sanremo Music Festival and with his first album, "Paolo Vallesi", which was a commercial success. The following year he came back to the Sanremo Festival, this time in its "Big Artists" section, ranking third with the song "La forza della vita", which peaked first on the Italian hit parade. Following the sales dropping of his 1996 album Vallesi considerably slowed his musical activities in the following years. In 2005 he was a contestant in "La Talpa", the Italian celebrity version of the reality series "The Mole". Eros Walter Luciano Ramazzotti (born 21 May 1964) is an Italian musician and singer-songwriter. Ramazzotti is popular in Italy and most European countries, and throughout the Spanish-speaking world, as he has released most of his albums in both Italian and Spanish. Eros is the first greatest hits album by Italian pop/rock singer Eros Ramazzotti, released in 1997 on the BMG label. Of the album's 16 tracks, five are original recordings, nine re-recordings and two new tracks. Two of the re-recorded tracks are duets; "Musica è" featuring Andrea Bocelli and "Cose della vita (Can't Stop Thinking of You)" with Tina Turner. "Eros" topped the albums chart in six countries. The Song of Life (Italian: Il canto della vita) is a 1945 Italian drama film directed by Carmine Gallone and starring Alida Valli, Carlo Ninchi and María Mercader. It is set during the German occupation of Rome in the Second World War before the Liberation of the city in 1944. Le cose della vita is a music album by Italian singer-songwriter Antonello Venditti, released by Rca Italian in late 1973. "Parla con me" ("Talk to Me") is a 2009 song by Italian singer-songwriter Eros Ramazzotti and the first single released from his eleventh studio album "Ali e radici". The track was co-written and produced by Claudio Guidetti and Adelio Cogliati, who also wrote previous hits for Eros, including "Cose della vita", "Un'altra te", etc. A Boy and His Blob is a platform-puzzle video game developed by WayForward Technologies and published by Majesco Entertainment. It is a re-imagining of the 1989 video game, "", which was originally developed by Imagineering for the NES. The game was originally released for the Wii in North America on October 13, 2009, and in Europe on November 6, 2009. A high-definition port of the game developed by Abstraction Games was released on Xbox One, PlayStation 4, PlayStation Vita, Microsoft Windows, OS X, and Linux on January 20, 2016. A PlayStation 3 version was made available on June 28 of the same year as a cross-purchase with the PS4 and Vita versions. Il dolce rumore della vita (internationally released as "The Sweet Sounds of Life") is a 1999 Italian romance-drama film directed by Giuseppe Bertolucci. It premiered at the 56th Venice International Film Festival, and entered the competition at the 1999 Mar del Plata Film Festival, in which Bertolucci was awarded as best director. "Cose della vita" (translated: "Things in life") is a song originally released in 1993 by Eros Ramazzotti. The single's highest chart placing was number 1 in Belgium, number 3 in Spain and number 4 in Italy. The original version also was a smash hit in Argentina, Chile, Mexico and Uruguay in the fall of 1996, gaining strong TV rotation. The music video for the song was directed by Spike Lee. Il mestiere della vita is the sixth studio album by Italian singer-songwriter Tiziano Ferro, released on 2 December 2016. Ferro has called it the beginning of the second chapter of his career, after the first chapter was concluded by the release of his first greatest hits album. The album sees Ferro return to a more modern and electronic style. [/INST] Answer: Italian </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Does Laelia or Aster have more species? Context Symphyotrichum chilense (formerly "Aster chilensis") is a species of aster known by the common names Pacific aster and common California aster. Symphyotrichum ericoides, syn. "Aster ericoides" (common name white heath aster, white aster or heath aster), is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae, native to much of North America, as well as northern Mexico. It has also been introduced to many areas beyond its native range. Laelia is a small genus of 25 species in the orchid family (Orchidaceae). "Laelia" species are found in areas of subtropical or temperate climate in Central and South America, but mostly in Mexico. "Laelia" is abbreviated L. in the horticultural trade. Aster yellows is a chronic, systemic plant disease caused by a bacterium-like organism called a phytoplasma. The aster yellows phytoplasma (AYP) affects 300 species in 38 families of broad-leaf herbaceous plants, primarily in the aster family, as well as important cereal crops such as wheat and barley. Symptoms are variable and can include phyllody, virescence, chlorosis, stunting, and sterility of flowers. The aster leafhopper vector, "Macrosteles quadrilineatus", moves the aster yellows phytoplasma from plant to plant. Its economic burden is primarily felt in the carrot ("Daucus carota" ssp." sativus") crop industry, as well as the nursery industry. No cure is known for plants infected with aster yellows. Infected plants should be removed immediately to limit the continued spread of the phytoplasma to other susceptible plants. However, in agricultural settings such as carrot fields, some application of chemical insecticides has proven to minimize the rate of infection by killing the vector. Eurybia macrophylla, commonly known as the bigleaf aster, large-leaved aster, largeleaf aster or bigleaf wood aster, is an herbaceous perennial in the composite family that was formerly treated in the genus "Aster". It is native to eastern North America, with a range extending from eastern and central Canada (from Nova Scotia to Manitoba) through the northeastern deciduous and mixed forests of New England and the Great Lakes region and south along the Appalachians as far as the northeastern corner of Georgia, and west as far as Minnesota, Missouri and Arkansas. The flowers appear in the late summer to early fall and show ray florets that are usually either a deep lavender or violet, but sometimes white, and disc florets that are cream-coloured or light yellow, becoming purple as they mature. It is one of the parent species of the hybrid "Eurybia × herveyi". Aster is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. Its circumscription has been narrowed, and it now encompasses around 180 species, all but one of which are restricted to Eurasia; many species formerly in "Aster" are now in other genera of the tribe Astereae. Laelia marginata is a species of orchid in genus "Laelia". "L. marginata" is found in Suriname. Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (syn. "Aster lanceolatus") is a species of flowering plant in the aster family, Asteraceae. It is native to Canada and the United States. Common names include panicled aster, tall white aster, eastern line aster, lance-leaf aster, narrow-leaf Michaelmas daisy, and white-panicle aster. Symphyotrichum ascendens (formerly "Aster ascendens") is a species of aster known by the common names western aster and long-leaved aster. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to Saskatchewan, the Sierra Nevada in California, to Arizona and New Mexico. It grows in many types of habitat, including disturbed areas. Symphyotrichum ( ) is a genus of about 90 species of herbaceous annual and perennial plants in the composite family (Asteraceae) that were formerly treated within the genus "Aster". The majority are endemic to North America, but several species also occur in the West Indies, Central and South America, as well as in eastern Eurasia. Many species have been introduced to Europe as garden specimens, most notably the New England aster ("Symphyotrichum novae-angliae") and the New York aster ("Symphyotrichum novi-belgii"). [/INST] Answer: Aster </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Are Richard Aldington and Thomas B. Costain both writers? Context The Silver Chalice is a 1952 English language historical novel by Thomas B. Costain. It is the fictional story of the making of a silver chalice to hold the Holy Grail (itself here conflated with the Holy Chalice) and includes 1st century biblical and historical figures: Luke, Joseph of Arimathea, Simon Magus and his companion Helena, and the apostle Peter. The Silver Chalice is a 1954 American historical epic film directed and producer by Victor Saville, based on Thomas B. Costain's 1952 novel of the same name. It was Saville's last film and marked the acting debut of Paul Newman; despite being nominated for a Golden Globe Award for his performance, Newman later called it "the worst motion picture produced during the 1950s". Hilda "H.D." Doolittle (September 10, 1886 – September 27, 1961) was an American poet, novelist, and memoirist known for her association with the early 20th century avant-garde Imagist group of poets such as Ezra Pound and Richard Aldington. She published under the pen name of H.D. Life For Life's Sake: A Book of Reminiscences is a book of memoirs written by Richard Aldington and published by the Viking Press in 1941. Chapter IX deals with the early history of Imagism. Richard Aldington (8 July 1892 – 27 July 1962), born Edward Godfree Aldington, was an English writer and poet. Molly Costain Haycraft (6 December 1911 – 5 June 2005) was a Canadian author. She was born in Toronto, Canada, and spent her childhood in Philadelphia, where her father, the well-known novelist Thomas B. Costain, was an editor for "The Saturday Evening Post". She was the author of several novels about women in English royal history. These include "The Lady Royal," "The Reluctant Queen," and "Too Near the Throne." She died in Hightstown, NJ, in 2005 The Black Rose is a 1945 historical novel by Thomas B. Costain. It is a fictional story set in the 13th century about a young Saxon who journeys to the far-away land of Cathay in search of fortune. Included in this narrative are several notable figures: Roger Bacon, Bayan Hundred Eyes, Edward I of England and his consort Eleanor of Castile. Costain also includes a passage depicting the building of a "galere da mercato" at the Venetian Arsenal in a single day. Thomas Bertram Costain (May 8, 1885 – October 8, 1965) was a Canadian journalist who became a best-selling author of historical novels at the age of 57. The Thomas B. Finley House, also known as The Oaks, is a historic home located at North Wilkesboro, Wilkes County, North Carolina. It was designed by noted architect Norma Bonniwell (1877–1961) and built in 1893. It is a two-story, Queen Anne style frame dwelling with a one-story rear ell. It features a hip and gable roof, corner tower, fish-scale-cut wood shingles, and one-story, hip-roofed, wraparound porch. It was built for prominent attorney Thomas B. Finley (1862–1942), whose firm Finley and Hendren occupied the Thomas B. Finley Law Office at Wilkesboro. The Black Rose is a 1950 20th Century Fox Technicolor film starring Tyrone Power and Orson Welles, loosely based on Thomas B. Costain's book. It was filmed partly on location in England and Morocco which substitutes for the Gobi Desert of China. The film was partly conceived as a follow-up to the movie "Prince of Foxes", and reunited the earlier film's two stars. [/INST] Answer: yes </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Who won Wimbledon more times, Vania King or Meredith McGrath? Context Vania King and Barbora Záhlavová-Strýcová were the defending champions, but King decided not to participate this year. Patty Fendick and Meredith McGrath were the defending champions but they competed with different partners that year, Fendick with Mary Joe Fernández and McGrath with Rennae Stubbs. Meredith McGrath and Arantxa Sánchez Vicario were the defending champions, but competed this year with different partners. McGrath teamed up with Larisa Neiland and lost in semifinals to Gabriela Sabatini and Brenda Schultz-McCarthy, while Sánchez Vicario teamed up with Jana Novotná and also lost in semifinals to Martina Hingis and Iva Majoli. Alizé Cornet and Vania King were the defending champions; however, King decided not to participate. Vania King and Nadia Petrova were the defending champions, both of them were present this year, but played with different partners.King partnered with Zheng Jie and Petrova partnered with Gisela Dulko both lost to Daniela Hantuchová and Ai Sugiyama, in the first round and the semifinals respectively.Alisa Kleybanova and Francesca Schiavone won in the final 6-4, 6-2 against Daniela Hantuchová and Ai Sugiyama. Vania King (; born February 3, 1989) is an American tennis player. King won both the 2010 Wimbledon and 2010 US Open women's doubles titles with Kazakhstani partner Yaroslava Shvedova. Meredith McGrath (born April 28, 1971) is a former professional tennis player. She was born in Midland, Michigan, USA and made her debut on the Women's Tennis Association tour in 1988. In her eight-year professional career Meredith achieved career-high world rankings of #18 in singles and #4 in doubles. She notched victories over such players as Martina Navratilova, Martina Hingis, Anna Kournikova, Jana Novotna, Arantxa Sanchez Vicario, and Gigi Fernandez. The pinnacle of her career came in reaching the singles semi-finals and doubles finals at the 1996 Wimbledon Championships. In the singles she defeated Mana Endo, Amanda Coetzer, Nancy Feber, Katarína Studeníková and Mary Joe Fernandez before losing to Arantxa Sánchez Vicario. An injury the week prior to the 1996 Wimbledon Championships eventually ended her career. Meredith won the 1995 U.S. Open Mixed Doubles Championship (she was runner-up in 1989) and was the runner-up in the 1994 Australian Open Doubles Championship. Meredith won three WTA singles titles: Oklahoma City and Eastbourne in 1994 and Birmingham in 1996, 25 doubles titles. She retired with a 140–83 record in singles and a 189–40 record in doubles. Meredith was recognized by Tennis Magazine as the WTA Comeback Player of the Year as she overcame near career-ending injuries to having her most successful competitive season in 1996. In 1994 she received the WTA Tour Comeback Player of the Year. Sara Errani and Flavia Pennetta were the defending champions, but Pennetta decided not to participate.Errani partnered up with Roberta Vinci, but they lost in the semifinals against Vania King and Yaroslava Shvedova. Alla Kudryavtseva and Anastasia Rodionova won in the final 3–6, 6–3, [10–6] against King and Shvedova . Meredith McGrath and Nathalie Tauziat were the defending champions but only McGrath competed that year with Manon Bollegraf. Vania King and Yaroslava Shvedova were the defending champions, but King decided not to participate. Shvedova played alongside Katarina Srebotnik, but they lost in the semifinals to Ekaterina Makarova and Elena Vesnina.<br> [/INST] Answer: Vania King </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Gareth Edwards worked on In the Shadow of the Moon in 2007 which led to his directing of which 2014 American monster film? Context King Kong Lives (released as King Kong 2 in some countries) is a 1986 American monster film directed by John Guillermin. Produced by De Laurentiis Entertainment Group and featuring special effects by Carlo Rambaldi, the film stars Linda Hamilton and Brian Kerwin. The film was a sequel to the 1976 remake of "King Kong". Monsters is a 2010 British science fiction monster film written and directed by Gareth Edwards in his feature film directorial debut. Edwards also served as the cinematographer, production designer, and visual effects artist. "Monsters" takes place years after a NASA probe crash in Mexico which led to the sudden appearance of giant tentacled monsters. It follows Andrew Kaulder (Scoot McNairy), an American photojournalist tasked with escorting his employer's daughter Samantha Wynden (Whitney Able) back to the US by crossing through Mexico's "Infected Zone" where the creatures reside. Kong: Skull Island is a 2017 American monster film that is a reboot of the "King Kong" franchise and serves as the second film in Legendary's franchise MonsterVerse. The film stars an ensemble cast consisting of Tom Hiddleston, Samuel L. Jackson, John Goodman, Brie Larson, Jing Tian, Toby Kebbell, John Ortiz, Corey Hawkins, Jason Mitchell, Shea Whigham, Thomas Mann, Terry Notary, and John C. Reilly. "Kong" follows a team of scientists and Vietnam War soldiers who travel to an uncharted island in the Pacific and encounter terrifying creatures and the mighty Kong. The film is directed by Jordan Vogt-Roberts and written by Dan Gilroy, Max Borenstein and Derek Connolly, from a story by John Gatins. Godzilla: King of the Monsters is an upcoming American monster film directed by Michael Dougherty and written by Dougherty, Zach Shields, and Max Borenstein. It is the sequel to 2014's "Godzilla" and will be the 33rd film in the "Godzilla" franchise, the third film in Legendary's MonsterVerse, and the third "Godzilla" film to be completely produced by a Hollywood studio. Despite the film's title, it is unrelated to the 1956 film of the same name. The film stars Vera Farmiga, Ken Watanabe, Sally Hawkins, Kyle Chandler, Millie Bobby Brown, Bradley Whitford, Thomas Middleditch, Charles Dance, O'Shea Jackson Jr., Aisha Hinds and Zhang Ziyi, and is scheduled to be released on March 22, 2019 in 2D, 3D, and select IMAX, except in Japan where it will be distributed by Toho. In the Shadow of the Moon is a 2007 British documentary film about the United States' manned missions to the Moon. It premiered at the 2007 Sundance Film Festival, where it won the World Cinema Audience Award. In March 2008, it was the first film to win the Sir Arthur Clarke Award for Best Film Presentation. It was given a limited release in the United States on 7 September 2007, and in Canada on 19 October 2007. It was released on DVD in the United States on 22 February 2008, and 31 March 2008, in the United Kingdom. It is also notable for giving Gareth Edwards (who would go on to direct "Godzilla") an early credit in visual effects. Little Bird is a studio album from Misty Edwards Forerunner Music released the project on December 29, 2014. Edwards worked with Brown Bannister and Paul Moak in the production of this album. Godzilla is a 2014 American monster film directed by Gareth Edwards and a reboot of Toho's "Godzilla" franchise. It is the 30th film in the "Godzilla" franchise, the first film in Legendary's MonsterVerse, and the second "Godzilla" film to be completely produced by a Hollywood studio, the first being the 1998 film of the same name. It stars Aaron Taylor-Johnson, Ken Watanabe, Elizabeth Olsen, Juliette Binoche, Sally Hawkins, David Strathairn, and Bryan Cranston. King Kong is a 1976 American monster film produced by Dino De Laurentiis and directed by John Guillermin. It is a modern remake of the 1933 classic film of the same name about a giant ape that is captured and imported to New York City for exhibition. Featuring special effects by Carlo Rambaldi, it stars Jeff Bridges, Charles Grodin, and Jessica Lange in her first film role. Monsters: Dark Continent (also known as Monsters 2: Dark Continent or simply Monsters 2) is a 2014 British science fiction monster film written by Jay Basu and English director Tom Green. It is the sequel to 2010's "Monsters", directed by Gareth Edwards. Due to commitments with "Godzilla", Edwards did not return to direct, but served as an executive producer. Filming began in March 2013, taking place in Jordan and Detroit (U.S.). The Bleak Old Shop of Stuff is a four-part comedy series produced by BBC, which premiered on BBC Two on 19 December 2011. It is a parody of the works of Charles Dickens, drawing its title from "Bleak House" and "The Old Curiosity Shop". It is a television successor to "Bleak Expectations", a radio parody of Dickens which began in 2007, and with which it shares the writer Mark Evans, producer Gareth Edwards and actor Richard Johnson; while not a direct adaptation it shares the same style, atmosphere and sense of humour. It is directed by Ben Gosling Fuller, who also directed the show "That Mitchell and Webb Look". [/INST] Answer: Godzilla </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Between University of Nebraska system and Grinnell College, which one has more campuses? Context Goodnow Hall is a historic structure located on the Grinnell College campus in Grinnell, Iowa, United States. A tornado struct the college's campus in 1882, and this was one of four buildings that replaced the destroyed buildings. It is now the oldest building on campus. The other three are no longer extant. The building is named for Edward A. Goodnow, who was a well-known abolitionist and reformer who promoted public education for women. He donated $10,000 to the college to construct this building, which was the library until 1905. It was converted into office space and classrooms after that time. It was renovated again in 1995, and it housed the Department of Anthropology and later the Department of Gender, Women's, and Sexuality Studies. The three-story building was designed by Worcester, Massachusetts architect Stephen C. Earle in the Richardsonian Romanesque style. It features a tower on the northwest corner of the structure that was originally capped by a domed astronomical observatory. The exterior is composed of rusticated Sioux Falls granite. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. Raynard S. Kington is the president of Grinnell College. He was most recently deputy director of the National Institutes of Health, and officially became the 13th president of Grinnell College on August 1, 2010. Kington entered a combined B.S./M.D. program at the University of Michigan at age 16, earning his bachelor's degree when he was 19 and the M.D. at 21. He earned an M.B.A. and a Ph.D. in health policy and economics at The Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. The State University of Iowa began playing football as a club sport in 1872, with intramural games against other colleges played as early as 1882; but it was not until 1889 that Iowa challenged Grinnell College, then-known as Iowa College, to a game of football. On November 16, 1889; the two teams met in Grinnell, Iowa to play the first game of intercollegiate football in the state of Iowa and the first one west of the Mississippi River. Iowa lost, 24–0, and a rematch between the two teams in Iowa City was canceled due to poor weather. A stone marker still stands in Grinnell Field marking the event. The North Grinnell Historic District is a nationally recognized historic district located in Grinnell, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008. At the time of its nomination it contained 272 resources, which included 202 contributing buildings, six contributing objects, 61 non-contributing buildings, and one non-contributing object. The historic district is a residential area located west of the Grinnell College campus. Of the 157 houses, three-quarters of them are two-story structures. The rest are bungalows, cottages, and post-World War II minimal traditional plans. The vast majority of houses are of frame construction, with a few brick, concrete block, stucco and half-timbered claddings. There are 103 outbuildings, which include garages, barns and carriage houses. Three of the most prominent architectural styles include Neoclassical, Queen Anne and American Craftsman. The historical objects are six concrete hitching posts. Eleven architects are known to have houses in the district. The period of significance is 1867 to 1958. The Grinnell System, sometimes referred to as The System, is a fast-tempo style of basketball developed by coach Dave Arseneault at Grinnell College. It is a variation of the run-and-gun system popularized by coach Paul Westhead at Loyola Marymount University in the early 1980s. The Grinnell System relies on shooting three-point field goals, applying constant pressure with a full-court press, and substituting players frequently. The University of Nebraska system is the public university system in the state of Nebraska, United States. Founded in 1869 with one campus in Lincoln, the system now has four university campuses and operates a two-year technical agriculture college. Grinnell College is a private liberal arts college in Grinnell, Iowa, U.S., known for its rigorous academics and tradition of social responsibility. It was founded in 1846, when a group of New England Congregationalists established the Trustees of Iowa College. Nebraska College of Technical Agriculture is located in Curtis, Nebraska, four hours from Lincoln, Nebraska or Denver, Colorado. The college is a public, associate college which is regionally accredited, and part of the University of Nebraska system. Starting in the Fall, 2017, it has a single-rate tuition per credit hour for all students, whether Nebraska residents, international, or non-resident students. NCTA is primarily a residential campus, with four residence halls. David Michael Arsenault (born August 12, 1953) is the men's college basketball coach of Grinnell College. He invented the Grinnell System, a run-and-gun style employed by the team. He is also an associate professor of physical education on Grinnell's faculty. Arseneault's coaching staff includes his son, David Jr., who also played under his father at Grinnell. The Levi P. Grinnell House is a historic dwelling located in Grinnell, Iowa, United States. Grinnell was one of three brothers from Vermont who settled in Poweshiek County in the 1850s. One of his brothers was Josiah Bushnell Grinnell, a political and social activist who founded the town and Grinnell College. He owned this property from 1857 to 1863, and had the house built about 1860. After he left here he farmed outside of town. The 1½-story frame structure is characteristic of vernacular Greek Revival domestic architecture found in the small towns and the rural areas of the upper Midwest. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. [/INST] Answer: University of Nebraska </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Fanfare Records was a British record label that was founded by Lain Burton which was the manager of who? Context Rak Records is a British record label, founded by record producer Mickie Most in 1969. Rak was home to artists such as Herman's Hermits, Suzi Quatro, Mud, Kenny, Hot Chocolate, Smokie, Arrows, Span, Racey and Kim Wilde. Rak Records were distributed via a licensing deal with EMI Records, which bought the company and its master recordings from Most in 1983. Most kept the company name and his RAK Studios, which still exists in St. John's Wood along with Rak Publishing. The latter company represents artists such as Joan Jett, Ben Taylor and KK. In 1986, Most defected the label from EMI to PRT Records which handled the last releases until February 1988. Owing to the records not being hits, the label folded. However, 26 years later in late 2014, Rak Records was revived as a label for new artists releasing both downloads and 7-inch vinyl in the form of a singles club. The Cadbury Sisters, Trojanhorse, and Beautiful Boy were the new signings. They recorded their own original songs as the A-sides, and covered a classic Rak artists cover as the B-side. The Cadbury Sisters covered Steve Harley's 1975 classic "Make Me Smile (Come Up And See Me)" (even though it was originally released on the generic EMI label), Trojan Horse did Cozy Powell's "Dance With The Devil", and Beautiful Boy did "Kids In America". As PRT Records is no longer in existence, the label is now distributed by Gearbox Records using the original sailing yacht paper label and the records packaged in the original royal blue paper sleeves. Fanfare Records was a British record label that was founded by Iain Burton (dancer in The Young Generation, manager of Arlene Phillips and co-founder of Hot Gossip) and Simon Cowell (which made Cowell's first break in the music industry). Burton and Cowell worked together at Fanfare Records for eight years. The label was most successful during the 1980s. The label's biggest success came with Sinitta. Arlene Phillips, CBE (born 22 May 1943) is an English choreographer, theatre director, talent scout, television judge and presenter, and former dancer, who has worked in many fields of entertainment. Life Is People is the fourth studio album by English singer, pianist and songwriter Bill Fay, released by Dead Oceans in August 2012. Fay had been without a record label after being dropped by Deram Records following the release of his second album, "Time of the Last Persecution" in 1971, and could not secure a release for his third album "Tomorrow, Tomorrow & Tomorrow". In order to support himself, Fay took various jobs outside of the music industry, while continuing to record music at home. In 1998, Fay's first two albums were reissued on compact disc by British record label See for Miles Records, prompting a revival of interest in his work, and "Tomorrow, Tomorrow & Tomorrow" was finally released in 2005. Multitone Records, originally Savera Investments, was a British record label founded by Pran Gohil in 1978 that specialized in bhangra style music. The style itself was commercialized and by Multitone Records, which is considered the pioneer of the label and grew to be the "largest Asian record label in the world" during its lifetime under director Jitesh Gohil. In 1992, the company started a joint partnership with BMG in order to spread its label throughout Europe and internationally. The company began distribution in the United States on June 27, 1994, through M.S. Distributing Co. Paul Bernard was appointed as the US representative in special regards to "marketing and promotion". The US debut featured albums by musicians Pammi and XLNC. Silvertone Records is a current British record label, owned by Zomba Music Group. The first and most famous signing to the label was the Stone Roses in the late 1980s, with whom they later had a lengthy legal battle. According to Jeff Fenster, former Senior VP of A&R, Jive Records/Silvertone Records, Silvertone started as a roots rock-oriented label that developed over time into an alternative music label. After Zomba acquired various Christian labels, acts like Jars of Clay were moved to the Silvertone label, and subsequently released two platinum-selling records as Silvertone artists. No Man's Land was a German record label based in Würzburg, Germany. Formed in 1984, it ceased trading in 1997. The label was run by its proprietors in combination with the music publishing and record label Review Records and the distribution company Recommended No Man's Land. The latter was part of the network of distributors associated with the British record label and distributor, Recommended Records. No Man's Land specialised in releases by experimental jazz and avant-garde artists. Penny Farthing Records was a British independent record label, established by the British record producer Larry Page as a progression from his mildly successful 1960s record label, Page One Records. It did not repeat the top 20 hits of his earlier venture, but signed some artists of note. Recreational Records was a British record label set up in 1981 by the Bristol record shop and distributor Revolver Records. Originally formed as an independent record label with its own distribution as part of the Cartel. Harley John Vaughan Usill (13 July 1925 – 7 October 1991) was a British record company executive. He was joint founder and managing director of British record label Argo Records. [/INST] Answer: Arlene Phillips </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Do both Coventry Cathedral and Newcastle Cathedral seat a bishop for their respective diocese? Context Patey was born in Bristol and educated at Marlborough College, Hertford College, Oxford and Westcott House, Cambridge. His great great grandfather was Bishop Charles Blomfield. He was ordained in 1939 and in 1942 he became the Youth Chaplain to the Bishop of Durham. In 1958, he became Canon of Coventry, where he obtained experience in the building of the new Coventry Cathedral. He became Dean of Liverpool in 1964, at a time when the Gothic Anglican Liverpool Cathedral remained unfinished 60 years after the foundation stone had been laid; and retired in 1982. Landmarks of his tenure as Dean included the dedication of the cathedral by Elizabeth II in October 1978 (despite some final details still remaining uncompleted), a memorial service for John Lennon in 1981, and a controversial visit from Pope John Paul II in 1982. An honorary Doctor of the University of Liverpool, he was succeeded as Dean by the Rev Derrick Walters. The International Centre for Reconciliation (or ICR) was based at Coventry Cathedral, UK, and was established in 1940 after the destruction of the cathedral in the Second World War. Rather than seek revenge for the devastation caused, the centre's founders vowed to promote reconciliation in areas of conflict. This began in the former Communist bloc, but has since broadened to focus on the conflict between the three major monotheistic faiths. In 2008, the ICR ceased to exist as an iundividual entity, and its work was taken on more closely by Coventry Cathedral under the Coventry Cathedral Reconciliation Ministry banner. The Diocese of Coventry is a Church of England diocese in the Province of Canterbury. It is headed by the Bishop of Coventry, who sits at Coventry Cathedral in Coventry, and is assisted by one suffragan bishop, the Bishop of Warwick. The diocese covers Coventry and Warwickshire. The Very Rev Peter Austin Berry is a former Provost of Birmingham Cathedral. He was born on 27 April 1935 and educated at Solihull School and Keble College, Oxford. Ordained in 1963 he began his career as Chaplain to the Bishop of Coventry and was then successively Midlands Regional Officer to the Community Relations Communion and a Canon Residentiary at Coventry Cathedral before his 13-year stint at Birmingham Cathedral. The Cathedral Church of St Nicholas is a Church of England cathedral in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. It is the seat of the Bishop of Newcastle and is the mother church of the Diocese of Newcastle, the most northerly diocese of the Anglican Church in England, which reaches from the River Tyne as far north as Berwick-upon-Tweed and as far west as Alston in Cumbria. The Cathedral Church of St Michael, commonly known as Coventry Cathedral, is the seat of the Bishop of Coventry and the Diocese of Coventry, in Coventry, West Midlands, England. The current (9th) bishop is Christopher Cocksworth and the current Dean is John Witcombe. The Cathedral Church of St Mary is a Catholic cathedral in Newcastle upon Tyne, England, the mother church of the Diocese of Hexham and Newcastle and seat of the Bishop of Hexham and Newcastle. The Cathedral, situated on Clayton Street, was designed by Augustus Welby Pugin and built between 1842 and 1844. The cathedral is a grade I listed building and a fine example of the Gothic Revival style of architecture championed by Pugin. There is a monument dedicated to Cardinal Basil Hume in the Monument Garden outside of the cathedral, which was opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 2002. St Mary's Cathedral is the fifth tallest structure in the city. The Episcopal Diocese of Spokane is a diocese of the Episcopal Church in eastern Washington and North Idaho, United States. Its office and cathedral seat are in Spokane, Washington. The current bishop is Gretchen Rehberg, the first woman to lead the Diocese. The Episcopal Diocese of Quincy was a diocese of the Episcopal Church in western Illinois from 1877 to 2013. The cathedral seat (home of the diocese) was originally in Quincy but was moved to St. Paul's Cathedral in Peoria in 1963. In order to avoid confusion with the Roman Catholic Diocese of Peoria, the diocese retained the name of the location of its original "home" city, Quincy, where its cathedral seat was St. John's. The Dean of Newcastle is the head ("primus inter pares" – first among equals) and chair of the chapter of canons, the ruling body of Newcastle Cathedral. The dean and chapter are based at the "Cathedral Church of Saint Nicholas, Newcastle upon Tyne". Before 2000 the post was designated as a provost, which was then the equivalent of a dean at most English cathedrals. The cathedral is the mother church of the Diocese of Newcastle and seat of the Bishop of Newcastle. The current dean is Chris Dalliston. [/INST] Answer: yes </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Frank Ifield is an album whose musical genre originated where? Context Peter Gormley (c. 1920 – 8 May 1998) was an Australian born artist manager who guided the early careers of many recording artists, including Frank Ifield, Cliff Richard, The Shadows, Marvin Welch & Farrar, Labi Siffre and Olivia Newton-John. Frank Ifield is an album by country and pop singer Frank Ifield with Norrie Paramor and his orchestra issued on the World Record Club label. This label sold albums by mail order which made this album rather obscure and probably rare as very few references to it can be found on the Internet. His album “Blue Skies” was also issued on this label as well as on the Columbia label in 1963. The label was taken over by EMI in 1965 but continued to be used as a sub-label for mail order, covering a wide range of musical genres, and distributing in South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. There is no production date on the record sleeve or label but the album notes state it was his second album after his first Columbia album “I’ll Remember You” released early in 1963. In Japan, a junior idol (ジュニアアイドル , junia aidoru ) , alternatively chidol (チャイドル , chaidoru ) or low teen idol (ローティーンアイドル , rōtīn aidoru ) , is primarily defined as a child or early teenager pursuing a career as a photographic model. Generally, this means gravure, or "cheesecake", fully clothed shots; but, junior idols can, and some do, eventually enter the AV industry. Child actors, musicians, and J-pop singers (whose musical genre is often termed idol pop) can also be considered junior idols and are often featured in photobooks and image DVDs. Blue Skies is the third album by Australian (English born) singer Frank Ifield released in 1964 on the Columbia label. Blue Skies reached No. 10 in the UK Albums Chart. It was also the first Frank Ifield album released by the World Record Club. Frank Ifield's Hits is an EP by singer Frank Ifield. It was released in 1963 and spent a total of 13 weeks at number one in the UK EPs Chart in four separate runs. Anthony Toby "Tony" Hiller (born 30 July 1927) is a British songwriter. He began his musical career as a member of the song and dance duo The Hiller Brothers, sharing the stage with his brother Irving. The Hiller Brothers appeared with many artists of the time including Alma Cogan, Tommy Cooper, Val Doonican, Matt Monro, The Shadows, Bernard Manning, Kathy Kirby, Roger Whittaker, Rip Taylor, Gene Vincent, Lance Percival, Tessie O'Shea, Frank Ifield, Deep River Boys, The Dallas Boys, Clark Brothers, Paul Melba and Ray Burns. Jolly What! England's Greatest Recording Stars: The Beatles and Frank Ifield on Stage is a 1964 compilation album, released by Vee-Jay Records and featuring tracks by English rock band The Beatles and by the Australian-English easy listening and country singer Frank Ifield. Country music (frequently referred to as just country and historically country and western{citation needed) is a musical genre that originated in the Southern United States in the early 1920s. It takes its roots from genres such as folk music (especially Appalachian folk music) and blues. Campfire Favourites was an Australian television series which aired in 1956 on Sydney station TCN-9. Despite having a very brief run of less than 2 months, it is notable as one of the earliest Australian-produced television series, and for featuring Frank Ifield. Up Jumped a Swagman is a 1965 British musical comedy film directed by Christopher Miles and starring Frank Ifield, Annette Andre, Ronald Radd and Suzy Kendall.<ref name="aww-30/June/1965"> </ref> DVD Release 2014 Network British Film. Songs include "Waltzing Matilda" and "I Remember You." [/INST] Answer: Southern United States </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question What was the name of the accomplished World War II naval ace who commanded squadron VF-80, retired from the U.S. Navy in 1959, and served with another legendary aviator born in 1905? Context Admiral Thomas Bibb Hayward (born May 3, 1924) was Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) for the United States Navy from July 1, 1978, until June 30, 1982, after which he retired from military service. Shortly after the commencement of World War II, he enlisted in the U.S. Navy V-5 aviation program and was called to active duty as a naval aviation cadet in 1943, anticipating that he would shortly be flying combat in the South Pacific. However, when roughly halfway through the flight training syllabus, he competed for and was accepted to attend the U.S. Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland, to position himself for a career in the U.S. Navy at war's end. He graduated from the Academy in July, 1947 and was assigned to the USS Antietam (CV-36) as an engineering officer. United States Naval Academy. USS Antietam (CV-36), In 1949 he returned to flight training at Pensacola, Florida,and received his United States Naval Aviator wings in July 1950. The Korean War having begun, then as Lieutenant junior grade, he reported to Fighter Squadron Fifty-One (VF-51) and flew from the decks of the USS Essex (CV-9) and USS Valley Forge (CV-45), accumulating 146 combat missions and was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross, ten Air Medals, and two Navy Commendation Medals with Combat "V" for Valor. Albert Ogden "Scoop" Vorse Jr. was an accomplished World War II naval ace who participated in some of the most prominent actions of the Pacific Theater, including the Battle of the Coral Sea and the Guadalcanal Campaign. Vorse served in early fighter squadrons with legendary figures like Butch O'Hare and Jimmy Thach. Rising in rank throughout the war, he would act as Executive Officer and Operations Officer in different squadrons before being given command of his own squadron, VF-80, the eponymous "Vorse's Vipers". Vorse ended the war as commander of Air Group 80 and ultimately achieved Rear Admiral status before his retirement from the U.S. Navy in 1959. Kenneth Whiting (22 July 1881 – 24 April 1943) was a United States Navy officer who was a pioneer in submarines and is best known for his lengthy career as a pioneering naval aviator. During World War I, he commanded the first American military force to arrive in Europe for combat. After the war, he was instrumental in development of the aircraft carrier in the United States, where he sometimes is known as the U.S. Navy' s "father of the aircraft carrier." He was involved in some way in the design or construction of five of the first six U.S. Navy aircraft carriers, and served as acting commanding officer of the first carrier to enter U.S. Navy service and as executive officer of the first two American carriers. In the earliest days of the U.S. Navy' s development of an aircraft carrier force, he led many shipboard innovations still in use aboard carriers today. A Service Squadron (ServRon) was a U.S. Navy squadron that supported fleet combat units. Service Squadrons were used by the United States Navy from their inception in 1943 to as late as the early 1980s. At the time of their inception during the Second World War they allowed the US Navy to operate across the vast reaches of the Pacific ocean for extended periods of time. Service Squadrons created temporary forward bases to allow the naval squadrons to spend less time in transit and more time in the area of combat. Ulithi, a small volcanic atoll in the central Pacific, is one such example. Service Squadrons essentially created a major naval base near the area of operation. With the naval base at Ulithi to refit, repair and resupply, many ships were able to deploy and operate in the western Pacific for a year or more without returning to a major port facility. Among the vessels operating in service squadrons were tankers, oilers, refrigerator ships, ammunition ships, supply ships, floating docks and repair ships. They provided diesel, ordnance, aviation fuel, food stuffs and all other supplies. Equally important at places like Ulithi were the portable piers and floating dry docks which allowed many ships damaged by enemy action or Pacific storms to undergo repair without having to travel the thousands of miles back to a major US naval base. Ulithi was as far forward from the US naval base at San Francisco as the San Francisco base was from London, England. To have a fully functional major port in the middle of the Pacific was a significant aid to U.S. Navy operations. Robert L. “Bob” Rasmussen (born May 26, 1930 in Rio Vista, California), is a noted military artist; a retired Captain of the United States Navy; a former career naval aviator, primarily in the F-8 Crusader; a former member of the U.S. Navy Flight Demonstration Squadron, the Blue Angels, and Director of the National Naval Aviation Museum at NAS Pensacola, Florida. His Vietnam war experiences, including surviving the fire aboard USS "Oriskany" , have been documented in several books. A prolific artist, Rasmussen has created hundreds of Naval Aviation paintings in watercolor, oil and acrylic. His bronze sculptures include the design of the Spirit of Naval Aviation, displayed at the front entrance of the National Museum of Naval Aviation, Pensacola, Florida, the Alan Shepard memorial heroic figure at the Astronaut Hall of Fame, and the World War II and Korean War memorials in Pensacola, Florida. His works have been displayed around the country, including the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C., the National Naval Aviation Museum in Pensacola, Florida, and the NASA Museum at Cape Canaveral, Florida. Rasmussen is the recipient of the R.G. Smith Award for Excellence in Naval Aviation Art, was inducted into the Naval Aviation Hall of Honor in 2008, and was awarded the Navy Superior Civilian Service Award on 24 September 2009. Donald Bradford Beary (4 December 1888 – 7 March 1966) was a vice admiral of the United States Navy. His career included service in both World War I and World War II and a tour as President of the Naval War College. He commanded a wide variety of ships and organizations, and is particularly noted for his leadership during World War II in establishing and directing a large-scale U.S. Navy training program and for his pioneering and highly successful work as a commander of U.S. Navy underway replenishment forces. Alexander Vraciu (November 2, 1918 – January 29, 2015) was a U.S. Navy fighter ace, a Navy Cross recipient, and a Medal of Honor nominee during World War II. At the end of the war, Vraciu ranked fourth among the U.S. Navy's flying aces, with 19 enemy planes downed during flight and 21 destroyed on the ground. After the war, he served as a test pilot and was instrumental in forming the post-war Naval and Marine Air Reserve program. From 1956 to 1958 Vraciu led his own fighter squadron, VF-51, for twenty-two months. He retired from the U.S. Navy with the rank of commander on December 31, 1963. Vraciu later moved to Danville, California, and worked for Wells Fargo. Richard John "Dickie" Cork, (4 April 1917 – 14 April 1944) was a fighter ace in the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy during the Second World War. Cork served in the Battle of Britain as the wingman for Douglas Bader of No. 242 Squadron RAF. When he returned to the Fleet Air Arm in 1941, Cork served with 880 Naval Air Squadron in the Arctic, Mediterranean and Indian Ocean. It was during Operation Pedestal in 1942 that he became the only Royal Navy pilot to shoot down five aircraft in one day, and was the leading naval ace using the Hawker Hurricane. He was given command of the 15th Naval Fighter Wing aboard HMS "Victorious" before being killed in a flying accident over Ceylon in 1944. Francis Dawson-Paul (18 February 1916 – 30 July 1940) was a fighter ace in the Fleet Air Arm of the Royal Navy during the Second World War. He was seconded to the Royal Air Force during the Battle of Britain, serving with No. 64 Squadron RAF. Between 1 and 25 July he shot down seven and a half German aircraft before being shot down himself over the English Channel. Taken prisoner by the crew of a German E-boat he died of his wounds five days later. In those 24 days of combat he became the first naval air ace of the battle and the highest scoring naval ace on the Supermarine Spitfire, a record which still stood by the end of the war. John Smith "Jimmy" Thach (April 19, 1905 – April 15, 1981) was a World War II naval aviator, air combat tactician, and United States Navy admiral. Thach developed the Thach Weave, a combat flight formation that could counter enemy fighters of superior performance, and later the big blue blanket, an aerial defense against Kamikaze attacks. [/INST] Answer: Albert Ogden "Scoop" Vorse Jr. </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question "Amen" is a song featuring vocals by a duo consisting of who? Context "Amen" is a song by German musical project Enigma, featuring vocals by English dream-pop duo Aquilo. It was released as the second single from Enigma's eighth studio album, "The Fall of a Rebel Angel" on November 18, 2016. Singer-songwriter Jonathan Clay grew up in Magnolia, Texas. He released his first EP "Whole New Me" in 2006 on iTunes. Atlantic Records signed Clay to a development deal in 2007. In June 2007 Clay released his second album "Back to Good". MTV music supervisors found his work on MySpace. ABC Family used Clay's "After All" in "Lincoln Heights" in 2008. Levi's and True Anthem sponsored Clay's give away of 140,000 downloads of "Acoustic Sessions" in 2008. In 2010 Clay recorded "Everything She Wants" with producer Kevin Kadish. "Gypsy Woman", a cut from that album, was used in the U.S. television series "Sons of Anarchy" in 2011. In late 2010 Clay formed a new band called Jamestown Revival. The duo teamed Clay with his childhood friend Zach Chance and within six months of forming the band the duo were featured in "Rolling Stone" magazine for the Cover of the Rolling Stone contest. "Heart on Fire", a song featuring Clay's vocals, was featured in the 2012 comedy "LOL" starring Miley Cyrus, Demi Moore, Ashley Greene, Adam Sevani, and Douglas Booth. Clay sang three additional songs for the film. "Déconnectés" is a 2014 single by French Moroccan DJ Hamida. The single is taken from his mix series "À la bien mix party" with the song featuring vocals from Kayna Samet, Rim'K (of band 113) and Lartiste. The Ying Yang Twins are an Atlanta-based American hip hop duo consisting of Kaine (born Eric Jackson on December 16, 1978) and D-Roc (born Deongelo Holmes on February 23, 1979). The group debuted in 2000 and rose to mainstream popularity in 2003 collaborating with Britney Spears on her "In the Zone" album and Lil Jon on "Get Low". In 2004 and 2005, Ying Yang Twins became more popular with party singles "Salt Shaker", "What's Happnin", "Shake" and "Badd". They have received notoriety for their song "Halftime (featuring Homebwoi)" which is played at New Orleans Saints homegames after most touchdowns. In 2008, the hip hop duo released The Official Work mixtape. In 2009, they followed with " their Ying Yang Forever mixtape. Just three months later, the duo released Legendary Status: Ying Yang Twins Greatest Hits. As recently as, 2013, the Ying Ying Twins released Ass in session and Twurk or Die mixtape. The duo opened in December 18, 1997 and closed in July 24, 2014. "Galera" is a single by Jessy Matador. The song featuring vocals from King Kuduro & Bra Zil; The original idea was born from the song titled "Galera" produced by the duo "BHB" Back Home Border Gianni Chiarparini & Nikholas Murphy; then the featuring with Jessy Matador that put his vocals on the instrumental beat. After that the song was released on the August 1, 2011 in France and managed to peak to number 68 in the French Singles Chart. It samples the 1978 disco hit "Let's All Chant" by Michael Zager Band. The Winstons were an American 1960s funk and soul music group, based in Washington, D.C., United States. They are known for their 1969 recording of an EP featuring a song entitled "Color Him Father" on the A-side, and "Amen, Brother" on the B-side. Half-way into "Amen, Brother", there is a drum solo (performed by G.C. Coleman) which would cause the EP to become the most widely sampled record in the history of electronic music. Sampled audio clips of the drum solo became known as the Amen Break, which has been used in thousands of tracks in a large number of musical genres, including drum and bass, hip hop, jungle, big beat, industrial and electronica. "Bang Bang" is a song recorded by American producer and rapper will.i.am featuring the vocals of Shelby Spalione. The single features as the third track on the of the 2013 Baz Luhrmann film "The Great Gatsby". "Bang Bang" is also featured on the deluxe edition of will.i.am's fourth studio album "#willpower". The song peaked within the top ten of the charts in Belgium (Wallonia) and the United Kingdom. In the latter country, will.i.am is a coach on the country's version of The Voice and an alternate version of the song featuring vocals from Leah McFall ― the runner-up on season two of the show ― is included on the compilation "Now 86". "One Last Time" is a song recorded by American singer Ariana Grande for her second studio album "My Everything". It was written by David Guetta, Savan Kotecha, Giorgio Tuinfort, Rami Yacoub, and Carl Falk. The song was produced by the latter two, with Tuinfort serving as a co-producer and Ilya serving both as a co-producer and vocal producer. "One Last Time" was first released on the iTunes Store on August 22, 2014 as the second promotional single from the album. On February 10, 2015, the song was sent to contemporary hit radio as the fifth and final single from the album. A French version of the song featuring French singer Kendji Girac, alternatively titled "Attends-moi", was released on February 16, 2015 in France, Belgium and Switzerland. It is also included on the deluxe version of Girac's debut studio album "Kendji" (2015). An Italian version of the song featuring Italian rapper Fedez was released on May 26, 2015 only in Italy. Tube & Berger is a deep house duo consisting of Arndt Rörig and Marco Vidoviz from Germany. The duo is known in the United States for their 2004 number one Billboard Hot Dance Airplay song "Straight Ahead", featuring Chrissie Hynde on vocals. Aquilo is an alternative musical duo from Silverdale, Lancashire, England, consisting of Tom Higham and Ben Fletcher. They began gaining recognition in 2013 for their singles such as "Calling Me" and "You There", in addition to their five EPs. [/INST] Answer: Tom Higham and Ben Fletcher </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question In what year was the company of which American Eagle Oufitters is a subsidiary created? Context Air Wisconsin Airlines is a regional airline based at Appleton International Airport in the town of Greenville, Wisconsin, United States, near Appleton. Air Wisconsin is the largest privately held regional airline in the United States. It currently operates regional jet flights as American Eagle under contract to American Airlines via a code sharing agreement, serving cities in the U.S. and Canada with hubs at Boston Logan International Airport (BOS), Charlotte Douglas International Airport (CLT), Philadelphia International Airport (PHL) and Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA) . Air Wisconsin previously operated United Express service on behalf of United Airlines followed by US Airways Express service on behalf of US Airways prior to becoming an American Eagle regional air carrier. The company has announced it will once again partner with United Airlines as a United Express code sharing air carrier with primary hubs to be located at Chicago O'Hare International Airport (ORD) and Washington Dulles International Airport (IAD) beginning in September 2017 and will be "exclusively operating" as United Express by March 2018. Retail Ventures was a holding company originally created in 2003 for DSW (NYSE: DSW), Filene's Basement, and Value City Department Stores. The retailer's Initial Public Offering was in 1991 under the Value City name. Value City went on to purchase the DSW shoe business in 1998 and Filene's Basement in 2000. Envoy Air Inc. (formerly American Eagle Airlines) is an air carrier headquartered in Irving, Texas, in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of American Airlines Group that, along with several carriers outside the group, feeds the American Airlines route network under the American Eagle brand. With over 1,800 flights a day, serving 159 cities across the United States, Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean, Envoy is considered to be the world's largest regional airline system. Envoy is an affiliate member of the Oneworld airline alliance. NNB Generation Company (NNB GenCo) is a subsidiary created by EDF Energy to build and then operate two new nuclear power stations in the United Kingdom. The new plants are to be Hinkley Point C and Sizewell C and will eventually produce up to 6.4GW in total. American Eagle Outfitters, Inc. is an American clothing and accessories retailer, headquartered in the Southside Works Neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was founded in 1977 by brothers Jerry and Mark Silverman as a subsidiary of Retail Ventures, Inc., a company which also owned and operated Silverman's Menswear. The Silvermans sold their ownership interests in 1991 to Jacob Price of Knoxville, Tennessee. American Eagle Outfitters is also the parent company of Aerie. American Eagle is an American brand name for the regional branch of American Airlines, under which ten individual regional airlines operate short- and medium-haul feeder flights. Three of these airlines, Envoy Air (formerly American Eagle Airlines), Piedmont Airlines and PSA Airlines, are wholly owned subsidiaries of American Airlines Group. Just like the regional brands of the other two major airlines (Delta Connection and United Express), American Airlines' regional brand accounts for more than 60% of American Airlines flights. Peer Media Technologies, Inc. is an Artistdirect subsidiary created in 2009 as a merger of MediaDefender and MediaSentry, after the reputations of the predecessor companies were sullied by the exposure of internal emails and the use of investigative tactics deemed illegal in several U.S. states. The American Eagle, later known also as Murray Eagle and The Green Sheet, was a newspaper that covered central Salt Lake Valley, especially the city of Murray, Utah. The beginnings of "The American Eagle" of Murray, Utah, are shrouded in mystery. The newspaper may have been published as early as 1891 as the "American". Other sources list 1896 as the beginning publication date, before Murray was incorporated in 1903. The first known editor was Martin A. Willumsen. The "Murray Eagle" and "Midvale Journal" started out as the "American Eagle". By 1908 the newspaper was named the "Murray Eagle". American Eagle is a wooden racing roller coaster located at Six Flags Great America. It was the first wooden roller coaster designed by Intamin of Switzerland and was built in 1981 by the contracting firm Figley-Wright. While the records have since been broken, American Eagle had the longest drop and fastest speed among wooden roller coasters when it debuted and is still recognized as a top racing coaster in the United States. In 2006, American Eagle celebrated its Silver Anniversary (25th Anniversary). Northern New England Spinco, Inc. was a Verizon Communications subsidiary created in 2007. Its sole purpose of existence is to act as a reverse Morris trust holding company for Verizon's assets owned by Bell Atlantic, GTE, NYNEX, and Verizon located within Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont. This company was spun off to Verizon stockholders on March 31, 2008 and was merged into FairPoint Communications the same day. [/INST] Answer: 2003 </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Who was born first, Sergio Leone or Gary Sherman? Context Django ( , ) is a 1966 Spaghetti Western film directed and co-written by Sergio Corbucci, starring Franco Nero (in his breakthrough role) as the title character alongside Loredana Nusciak, José Bódalo, Ángel Álvarez and Eduardo Fajardo. The film follows a Union soldier-turned-drifter and his companion, a mixed-race prostitute, who become embroiled in a bitter, destructive feud between a Ku Klux Klan-esque gang of Confederate racists and a band of Mexican revolutionaries. Intended to capitalize on and rival the success of Sergio Leone's "A Fistful of Dollars", Corbucci's film is, like Leone's, considered to be a loose, unofficial adaptation of Akira Kurosawa's "Yojimbo". The Big Gundown (Italian: "La resa dei conti", lit. "The Settling of Scores") is a 1966 Italian Spaghetti Western film, co-written by long-time Sergio Leone collaborator Sergio Donati, directed by Sergio Sollima, and starring Lee Van Cleef and Tomas Milian. It was originally released by Columbia Pictures in the US as a double feature with "A Time for Killing". Gary Sherman (born 1945), is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer from Chicago, Illinois. He is best known for his prolific work in the horror film genre, directing films such as "Death Line, Dead & Buried", and "Poltergeist III". Sergio Leone (] ; 3 January 1929 – 30 April 1989) was an Italian film director, producer and screenwriter, credited as the inventor of the "Spaghetti Western" genre. Carlo Simi (7 November 1924 – 26 November 2000) was an Italian architect, production designer and costume designer, who worked frequently with Sergio Leone and Sergio Corbucci, giving their spaghetti westerns a unique look. Most famous for his costume and set designs for "Once Upon a Time in the West" Simi also built the town of 'El Paso' in the Almería desert for Leone's second Western, "For a Few Dollars More". Built around a massive bank, with vistas of the Tabernas Desert visible between buildings, the set still exists, as a tourist attraction called "Mini Hollywood". Simi played the bank manager in that film: it was his only acting role. Western Leone is a Western-style theme park in the province of Almeria, Andalusia (Spain). Located at the 378.9 km mark on the A-92 motorway, it is the smallest of three such theme parks in the Tabernas Desert; the other two are Mini Hollywood and Texas Hollywood. Western Leone was originally built to film Sergio Leone's "Once Upon a Time in the West" (1968); the large red house, around which much of the scenes in the film revolve, is maintained as an attraction, along with other buildings of a Western town. It has also been used to film other spaghetti westerns. Gonzalo Gavira (October 30, 1925 – January 9, 2005) was a Mexican movie sound technician. He formed part of the team that won an Oscar for the movie "The Exorcist" in 1973. Outside of Mexico he worked on more than 60 other films, including the disaster movie "The Towering Inferno" and western "El Topo", as well as Sergio Leone's "The Good, The Bad, And The Ugly". While working in the United States he always worked with an assistant named Ruben C. Bustamante, Mr. Gavira referred to him as invaluable. In 1975 he was awarded the Silver Ariel, which is the highest award that can be received from Mexican theatre. He died in 2005, reportedly from circulation problems. Along with working together with director Sergio Leone, Gonzalo Gavira worked with William Friedkin, Alejandro Jodorosky (The Holy Mountain) and the great Cantinflas, who on many occasions classified Mr. Gavira as a genius. Once upon meeting Lee Marvin, Gonzalo Gavira asked Mr. Marvin to autograph a twenty dollar bill. Lee Marvin refused, stating he would rather use that twenty to buy some drinks later, they became fast friends. Mr. Gonzalo Gavira worked on approximately 80% of all movie features made in Mexico. "Letters from Marusia" was nominated for Best Foreign Film at the 1976 Oscars and "Canoa" won Picture of the Year 1976 in Mexico City. Once Upon a Time in the West ( ) is a 1968 epic Spaghetti Western film co-written and directed by Sergio Leone. It stars Henry Fonda, cast against type, as the villain, Charles Bronson as his nemesis, Claudia Cardinale as a newly widowed homesteader, and Jason Robards as a bandit. The screenplay was written by Sergio Donati and Leone, from a story by Dario Argento, Bernardo Bertolucci and Leone. The widescreen cinematography was by Tonino Delli Colli, and the acclaimed film score was by Ennio Morricone. The Last Days of Pompeii (Italian: "Gli ultimi giorni di Pompei" ) is a 1959 Italian sword and sandal action film starring Steve Reeves, Christine Kaufmann, and Fernando Rey and directed by Sergio Leone. Mario Bonnard, the original director, fell ill on the first day of shooting, so Leone and the scriptwriters finished the film. The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (Italian: "Il buono, il brutto, il cattivo" , "The good, the ugly, the bad" ) is a 1966 epic Spaghetti Western film directed by Sergio Leone and starring Clint Eastwood, Lee Van Cleef, and Eli Wallach in their respective title roles. Its screenplay was written by Age & Scarpelli, Luciano Vincenzoni and Leone (with additional screenplay material and dialogue provided by an uncredited Sergio Donati), based on a story by Vincenzoni and Leone. Director of photography Tonino Delli Colli was responsible for the film's sweeping widescreen cinematography, and Ennio Morricone composed the film's score including its main theme. It was an international co-production between Italy, Spain, West Germany and the United States. [/INST] Answer: Sergio Leone </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Bob Schooley was a producer on an American computer-animated television series that premiered on what channel on March 23, 2013? Context Kim Possible is an American animated action comedy-adventure television series created by Bob Schooley and Mark McCorkle that originally aired on Disney Channel from June 7, 2002 to September 7, 2007. The show revolves around eponymous high school student Kim Possible, a teenager tasked with fighting crime on a regular basis while coping with everyday issues commonly associated with adolescence. Kim is aided by her clumsy best friend and sidekick Ron Stoppable, his pet naked mole rat Rufus and 10 year-old computer genius Wade. Known collectively as Team Possible, the majority of Kim and Ron's missions require them to thwart the evil plans of mad scientist–supervillain duo Dr. Drakken and his sidekick Shego, but they occasionally encounter other enemies as well. The Penguins of Madagascar is an American CGI animated television series that had aired on Nickelodeon. It stars nine characters from the DreamWorks Animation animated film "Madagascar": The penguins Skipper (Tom McGrath), Rico (John DiMaggio), Kowalski (Jeff Bennett), and Private (James Patrick Stuart); the lemurs King Julien (Danny Jacobs), Maurice (Kevin Michael Richardson), and Mort (Andy Richter); and Mason (Conrad Vernon) and Phil the chimpanzees. Characters new to the series include Marlene the otter (Nicole Sullivan) and a zookeeper named Alice (Mary Scheer). It is the first Nicktoon produced with DreamWorks Animation. The series was executive produced by Bob Schooley and Mark McCorkle, who were the creators of Disney Channel's "Kim Possible". Big Hero 6: The Series is an upcoming American animated series, produced by Disney Television Animation and currently being developed by "Kim Possible" creators Mark McCorkle and Bob Schooley. The series is based on Disney's 2014 film "Big Hero 6", which itself is loosely based on the comic book series, Big Hero 6 published by Marvel Comics. Scheduled to premiere on Disney XD in November 2017, the series will take place after the events of the film and will use traditional 2D animation. Kimberly Ann "Kim" Possible is a fictional character who appears in the animated television series "Kim Possible", voiced by actress Christy Carlson Romano. Created by Bob Schooley and Mark McCorkle, the character debuted in the pilot "Crush", which premiered on June 7, 2002. After starring in each of the show's 84 episodes, Kim made her final appearance in the finale "Graduation, Part 2", which originally aired on September 7, 2007. A high school cheerleader moonlighting as a teenage crime-fighter, the majority of Kim's missions involve her thwarting the plans of her archnemeses Dr. Drakken, a mad scientist, all-the-while coping with everyday challenges commonly associated with adolescence. Mark McCorkle is an American screenwriter, television writer and television producer. Among others, he is co-creator of the popular Disney animated series, "Kim Possible". He frequently collaborates with fellow writer Bob Schooley. Prior to "Kim Possible", McCorkle, Schooley, and the main director of "Kim Possible", Steve Loter, also held their respective jobs (writer/producer and director respectively) on "Buzz Lightyear of Star Command". Many voice talents on "Kim Possible", also did work of "Buzz Lightyear of Star Command" (Nicole Sullivan, Patrick Warburton). Both series can be similarly compared to each other. He did work on DreamWorks' "The Penguins of Madagascar" as a producer along with Schooley, again with regular voices Sullivan and John DiMaggio. As of 2016, McCorkle and Schooley are creating and executive producing a new TV series based on the 2014 Disney animated feature, "Big Hero 6" for Disney XD. Monsters vs. Aliens is an American computer-animated television series based on the 2009 film of the same name. After being first announced in 2009, the series premiered on Nickelodeon on March 23, 2013, after the Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards, then began airing in its regular timeslot on April 6, 2013. A total of 26 episodes consisting of 52 segments were released, with the last episode airing on February 8, 2014. Transformers: Prime is an American computer-animated television series based on the "Transformers" toy franchise by Hasbro that aired on Hub Network from November 29, 2010 to July 26, 2013. The series was followed by a TV movie, "", which premiered on October 4, 2013 and concluded the show's story. "Transformers: Prime" focuses on the heroic Autobots that make up "Team Prime", which consists of Optimus Prime, Ratchet, Arcee, Bumblebee and Bulkhead. Throughout their battles, the Autobots are aided by three human children and with their help attempt to protect the Earth from the villainous Decepticons and their leader Megatron. Robert "Bob" Schooley is an American screenwriter, television writer and television producer. He and Mark McCorkle are the creators of the 2002 animated television series "Kim Possible", which aired on Disney Channel. He was also an executive producer of the series, as well as having written scripts for several episodes. He was working as a producer for "The Penguins of Madagascar" and "Monsters vs. Aliens" along with McCorkle. He also wrote a book called ""Liar of Kudzu"" with McCorkle. He comes from Levittown, Pennsylvania. As of 2016, he and McCorkle are currently creating and executive producing a new TV series based on the 2014 Disney animated feature, "Big Hero 6" for Disney XD. Elena of Avalor is an American computer-animated television series that premiered on Disney Channel on July 22, 2016. The series is about a Latina princess and her family and takes place in the same universe as Disney Junior's "Sofia the First". Green Lantern: The Animated Series is an American computer-animated television series based on the DC Comics superhero Green Lantern. The series aired on Cartoon Network, as part of their "DC Nation" television block. A one-hour sneak peek aired on November 11, 2011, it ran from March 3, 2012, until March 16, 2013, with a preview special airing on November 11, 2011. A special screening of the first episode was shown at New York Comic Con 2011 on October 15, 2011. This was the first Green Lantern television series and the first CGI DC/WB series. The series was cancelled after one season due to poor toy sales from the live-action movie. [/INST] Answer: Nickelodeon </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question David Rokeach and Doc Severinsen both appeared on which television show? Context David Rokeach has been working primarily in the San Francisco and Los Angeles areas for more than 30 years. David toured nationally and internationally with Ray Charles from 1990 to 1991. This included concert videos and many television appearances, including an appearance on "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson" and the Doc Severinsen Orchestra. In recent years he has performed/recorded with Patti LaBelle, Aaron Neville, Mavis Staples, Lou Rawls, Grammy winner Joe Henderson, "Down Beat" Poll winner Mark Murphy, Bluesman Charlie Musselwhite, The George Brooks-Zakir Hussain Group, Wilson Pickett, Linda Tillery, Steve Miller, Joe Satriani, Joyce Cooling, Maria Muldaur, Calvin Keys, Barry Finnerty, Merl Saunders, David Grisman, Melvin Seals, The Rubinoos, The Family Stone Experience, Louis Bellson, Wayne Wallace, The Nelson Riddle Orchestra, Paula West, Brazilian master Marcos Silva, Bluegrass Grammy winner Alison Brown, Ernestine Anderson, Oscar Brown Jr., award-winning trumpeter Ingrid Jensen, acclaimed composer and Grammy winner, Maria Schneider, composer and pianist Brian Kelly, and many more. Dancin' On Air was a 1980s television dance music reality show, forerunner of the TV show "Dance Party USA". Both shows were produced and created by Michael Nise and his father Frank. The show started with US$100,000 from a small group of investors that included "The Tonight Show Band" leader Doc Severinsen. The program earned a 128% return on investment (ROI) within the first six months. "Dancin' On Air" was produced at WPHL Channel 17 studios in Philadelphia Pa. Carl Hilding "Doc" Severinsen (born July 7, 1927) is an American pop and jazz trumpeter. He is best known for leading the NBC Orchestra on "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson". Thomas Penn "Tommy" Newsom (February 25, 1929 – April 28, 2007) was a saxophone player in the NBC Orchestra on "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson", for which he later became assistant director. Newsom was frequently the band's substitute director, whenever Doc Severinsen was away from the show or filling in for announcer Ed McMahon. Nicknamed "Mr. Excitement" as an ironic take on his low-keyed, often dour persona, he was often a foil for Johnny Carson's humor. His brown or blue suits were a marked contrast to Severinsen's flashy stage clothing. Blaire Reinhard is a singer, pianist, and songwriter from Morristown, New Jersey. She is the granddaughter of trumpet player and Tonight Show bandleader Doc Severinsen. On September 7, 2012, her single "No Nothing" with Curtis & Reinhard reached #92 on the iTunes US Pop Music Chart. Frank Proto is an American composer and bassist. Proto was born on July 18, 1941, in Brooklyn, New York. He was a double bass student of Fred Zimmermann and David Walter. He is a graduate of the Manhattan School of Music in 1966 with a Master of Music. A self-taught composer, Proto has played and composed for a wide range of ensembles and soloists including Dave Brubeck, Eddie Daniels, Duke Ellington, Cleo Laine, Sherrill Milnes, Gerry Mulligan, Roberta Peters, Francois Rabbath, Ruggiero Ricci, Doc Severinsen and Richard Stoltzman. Alan Chesnovitz, also known as Alan Chez and Al Chez, (born July 7, 1961) is an American musician who was the principal trumpet and flugelhorn player on the CBS Orchestra for the Late Show with David Letterman until he left in July 2012. Alan Chez joined the CBS Orchestra on February 3, 1997, after years of sitting in on trumpet and flugelhorn with Paul Shaffer on "Late Night with David Letterman" and the "Late Show". ALAN's 3214 shows on NETWORK TV ranks him 2nd all time to Doc Severinsen as longest running Network trumpet player. Edwin Thomas Shaughnessy (January 29, 1929 – May 24, 2013) was a swing music and jazz drummer best known for his long association with Doc Severinsen and The Tonight Show Band on "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson". "The Tonight Show" Band is the house band which plays on the American television variety show "The Tonight Show". From 1962 to the 1990s, during the years the show was known as "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson", the band was a 17-piece big band, and was an important outlet for jazz on American television. During the Carson era, the band was always billed as "The NBC Orchestra" (not to be confused with the NBC Symphony Orchestra) and sometimes "Doc Severinsen and the NBC Orchestra". The current Tonight Show Band is Philadelphia-native hip hop band The Roots under the tenancy of Jimmy Fallon. The Tonight Show Band with Doc Severinsen is an album that won the Grammy Award for Best Large Jazz Ensemble Performance in 1986. The album consists of big band songs arranged by Tommy Newsom, Bill Holman, and Dick Lieb performed by members of the band from "The Tonight Show" with Johnny Carson. The band is conducted by trumpeter Doc Severinsen. [/INST] Answer: The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Tesano is home to the main campus of what university founded in 2005 by Ghana Telecom? Context Ghana Technology University College (GTUC), formerly Ghana Telecom University College is a university founded in 2005 by Ghana Telecom, the national telecommunications company. Texas Wesleyan University is a private, coeducational, liberal arts university founded by the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, in 1890. The main campus is located in the Polytechnic Heights Neighborhood of Fort Worth, Texas, United States. Its mascot is the ram. Ajay Binay Institute of Technology is an ISO 9000:2000 certified institution in Cuttack, Odisha, India, affiliated to the Biju Patnaik University of Technology, Bhubaneswar. The institute was established in 1998 and is affiliated to AICTE. The campus is located within the city limits of cuttack and has a total student strength of over 2000. The main campus houses the Administrative block, Engineering, MBA and Architecture wings. The ITC wing is located in a second campus within a distance of 5 km from the main campus. The post graduate courses are conducted from the main campus. Wake Forest University is a private, independent, nonprofit, nonsectarian, coeducational research university in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, founded in 1834. The university received its name from its original location in Wake Forest, north of Raleigh, North Carolina, the state capital. The Reynolda Campus, the university's main campus, has been located north of downtown Winston-Salem since the university moved there in 1956. The Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center campus has two locations, the older one located near the Ardmore neighborhood in central Winston-Salem, and the newer campus at Wake Forest Innovation Quarter downtown. The university also occupies lab space at Biotech Plaza at Innovation Quarter, and at the Center for Nanotechnology and Molecular Materials. The University's Graduate School of Management maintains a presence on the main campus in Winston-Salem and in Charlotte, North Carolina. California Institute of Integral Studies (CIIS) is a private, non-profit university founded in 1968 and based in San Francisco, California. It currently operates in two locations; the main campus near the confluence of the Civic Center, SoMa, and Mission districts, and another campus for the American College of Traditional Medicine in Potrero Hill neighborhood. CIIS has a total of 1,510 students and 80 core faculty members. Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (English: Catholic University of the Sacred Heart or Catholic University of Milan), known as UCSC or UNICATT or simply Cattolica, is an Italian private research university founded in 1921. Cattolica, with its five affiliated campuses, is the largest private university in Europe and the largest Catholic University in the world. Its main campus is located in Milan, Italy, with satellite campuses in Brescia, Piacenza, Cremona and Rome. Tesano is a suburb of Accra, Ghana. It is on the main Accra Kumasi Highway before Achimota. The main campus of Ghana Technology University College is located in Tesano. Universidad del Rosario (Spanish: "Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Señora del Rosario" ) is a Colombian university founded on Roman Catholic principles, in 1653 by Fray Cristobal de Torres. Located in Bogotá, due to its important place in Colombian history, it is known as "the Cradle of the Republic". Most faculties reside at the Cloister, the main campus located in the historic-geographical centre of Bogotá. It also included a private all-male traditional primary and secondary school until 2008. Legon , a suburb of the Ghanaian city Accra, is situated about 12 km north-east of the city center in the Accra Metropolis District, a district in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. Legon is home to the main campus of the University of Ghana. Ghanaians loosely refer to the University of Ghana simply as "Legon". Legon is also home to a few of Ghana's well known educational institution like Presbyterian Boys' Secondary School (PRESEC-Legon), Achimota School, Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration and the institute of professional education. Legon is adjacent to one of the most prestigious residential suburbs of Accra - East Legon and only about 20 minutes drive from the Kotoka International Airport. Utah State University Eastern (USU Eastern) is a public regional college within the Utah State University system. The USU Eastern main campus is located in Price, Utah, United States and a satellite location known as the Blanding Campus is located in Blanding, Utah. Founded as Carbon College in 1937, the college joined the University of Utah system in 1959 for 10 years and was renamed College of Eastern Utah (CEU). In 1969, the Utah System of Higher Education was created ending the relationship between the University of Utah and CEU. CEU entered the USU system on July 1, 2010 and is currently called Utah State University Eastern. With more than 60 degree programs, the college focuses on technical, vocational, and Associate Degree programs. The Gene Tobey Memorial Art Scholarship is one of three scholarships formed as a last request of Gene Tobey (an alumnus of USU Eastern); the other two scholarships being at Mason High School (Texas) and at Western State Colorado University in Gunnison, Colorado. USU Eastern competes as the Golden Eagles and is the only USU campus, apart from main campus, that has an athletics program. [/INST] Answer: Ghana Technology University College </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question What 1994 Disney Theatrical Productions stage musical adaptation had a song removed for explicit references to sexuality? Context Springtime for Hitler: A Gay Romp With Eva and Adolf at Berchtesgaden is a fictional musical in Mel Brooks's 1967 film "The Producers", as well as the stage musical adaptation of the movie, and the 2005 movie adaptation of the musical. It is a musical about Adolf Hitler, written by Franz Liebkind, an unbalanced ex-Nazi played by Kenneth Mars (then by Brad Oscar and Will Ferrell in the stage musical and the 2005 film respectively). "The Madness of King Scar" is a song written by composer Elton John and lyricist Tim Rice, which premiered in the musical "The Lion King", a stage adaptation of Disney's 1994 animated film of the same name. Originally recorded and storyboarded for the movie, it was removed from the final version. Media outlets believed the decision to exclude the song was based on its explicit references to sexuality. "The Madness of King Scar" had been added to the musical along with two other songs. It is one of two tracks that more prominently features vocals from the character Nala. The title is a reference to the 1994 film "The Madness of King George". Disney Theatrical Productions Limited (DTP), also known as Disney on Broadway, is the flagship stageplay and musical production company of the Disney Theatrical Group, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Studios, a major business unit of The Walt Disney Company. The Little Mermaid is a stage musical produced by Disney Theatrical, based on the animated 1989 Disney film of the same name and the classic story of the same name by Hans Christian Andersen about a mermaid who dreams of the world above the sea and gives up her voice to find love. Its book is by Doug Wright, music by Alan Menken and lyrics by Howard Ashman (written for the film), with additional lyrics by Glenn Slater. Its underwater setting and story about aquatic characters requires unusual technical designs and strategies to create gliding movements for the actors. "Human Again" is a song originally written for, deleted from, and later restored to the 1991 Disney animated musical "Beauty and the Beast". With music by Alan Menken and lyrics by Howard Ashman, "Human Again" was replaced during production of the original 1991 version of the film by "Something There", but retained and revised by Menken and new lyricist Tim Rice for the 1994 stage musical adaptation of "Beauty and the Beast". A newly produced sequence featuring "Human Again" was added to the "Beauty and the Beast" animated film for its 2002 IMAX Special Edition and subsequent DVD, VHS, and Blu-Ray home releases. Newsies The Musical is a Disney Theatrical Productions stage musical based on the 1992 musical film "Newsies", which in turn was inspired by the real-life Newsboys Strike of 1899 in New York City. The show has music by Alan Menken, lyrics by Jack Feldman, and a book by Harvey Fierstein. The musical premiered at the Paper Mill Playhouse in 2011 and made its Broadway debut in 2012. Shakespeare in Love is a play produced by Disney Theatrical Productions and Sonia Friedman Productions and adapted by Lee Hall from the film of the same title. It opened at the Noel Coward Theatre in London in July 2014 with running time of 2 hours and 40 minutes. The Lion King is a musical based on the 1994 Disney animated film of the same name with music by Elton John and lyrics by Tim Rice along with the musical score created by Hans Zimmer with choral arrangements by Lebo M. Directed by Julie Taymor, the musical features actors in animal costumes as well as giant, hollow puppets. The show is produced by Disney Theatrical Productions. Casino Royale (2006) is the twenty-first spy film in the Eon Productions "James Bond" film series and the first to star Daniel Craig as the fictional MI6 agent James Bond. Directed by Martin Campbell and written by Neal Purvis & Robert Wade and Paul Haggis, the film marks the third screen adaptation of Ian Fleming's 1953 novel of the same name. "Casino Royale" is a reboot of the film series and as such is set at the beginning of Bond's career as Agent 007, just as he is earning his licence to kill. After preventing a terrorist attack at Miami International Airport, Bond falls in love with Vesper Lynd, the treasury employee assigned to provide the money he needs to bankrupt a terrorist financier, Le Chiffre, by beating him in a high-stakes poker game. The story arc continues in the following "Bond" film "Quantum of Solace" (2008), "Skyfall" (2012), and "Spectre" (2015) also feature explicit references to characters and events in this film. The Little Mermaid is a stage musical produced by Disney Theatrical, based on the animated 1989 Disney film of the same name and the classic story of the same name by Hans Christian Andersen about a mermaid who dreams of the world above the sea and gives up her voice to find love. Its book is by Doug Wright, music by Alan Menken and lyrics by Howard Ashman (written for the film), with additional lyrics by Glenn Slater. Its underwater setting and story about aquatic characters requires unusual technical designs and strategies to create gliding movements for the actors. The Little Mermaid Jr first became available to license by the company Music Theater International and Disney Theatrical Productions [/INST] Answer: The Lion King </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Josh Trank directed the 2012 sci-fi thriller written by whom? Context Fantastic Four (stylized as Fant4stic) is a 2015 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics superhero team of the same name. It is the third theatrical "Fantastic Four" film to be produced and distributed by 20th Century Fox, and a reboot of the "Fantastic Four" film franchise. Directed by Josh Trank, who co-wrote the screenplay with Jeremy Slater and Simon Kinberg, the film stars Miles Teller, Michael B. Jordan, Kate Mara, Jamie Bell and Toby Kebbell. In "Fantastic Four", the team must learn to harness their superhuman abilities gained from an alternate universe to save Earth from a friend turned enemy. Starquest II is a Sci-fi thriller film written and directed by Fred Gallo that was released in 1997. Deep Red is a 1994 sci-fi thriller television movie from RHI Entertainment starring Michael Biehn and Lindsey Haun. It was directed by Craig R. Baxley and written by D. Brent Mote. Mercedes Renard is an American actress from Miami, Florida. She made her big screen debut with roles in two feature films in 2005. The first, an independent, sci-fi thriller titled "Headspace", featured Renard in the role of reporter Connie Sanchez. That same year, she played the role of Maria alongside Will Smith and Eva Mendes in the romantic comedy "Hitch". She appeared in the seventeenth season episode, "Corner Office," of Law & Order, the third season finale of "House", and played one of the titular roles in the 2012 film "Four Assassins". Joshua Benjamin "Josh" Trank (born February 19, 1984) is an American film director, screenwriter, and editor. He is known for directing the 2012 science fiction film "Chronicle" and the 2015 superhero film "Fantastic Four", both of which feature Michael B. Jordan in a starring role. Bridgegate Pictures is an American film production company and public entity trading on the OTC Markets under the ticker symbol BBGP. The company engages in the financing, development, marketing, technology, and distribution of independent feature films. It currently holds a six picture partnership deal with Minds Eye Entertainment in association with VMI Worldwide. Their upcoming six-film picture slate will focus on sci-fi, action and thriller films. Their first production was a sci-fi thriller film "The Recall" based on a screenplay by Reggie Keyohara III and Sam Acton King, starring Wesley Snipes and RJ Mitte. Their second and third completed features are the thriller "The Humanity Bureau," and the independent drama "Distorted" starring John Cusack and Christina Ricci. Luc Besson (] ; born 18 March 1959) is a French film director, screenwriter, and producer. He directed or produced the films "Subway" (1985), "The Big Blue" (1988), and "Nikita" (1990). Besson is known for his distinctive filmmaking style and is associated with the movement critics call "Cinéma du look". He has been nominated for a César Award for Best Director and Best Picture for his films "" and "". He won Best Director and Best French Director for his sci-fi action film "The Fifth Element" (1997). He wrote and directed the 2014 sci-fi thriller film "Lucy". Justice Is Mind is a psychological sci-fi thriller movie written, produced and directed by Mark Lund. It is the feature film version of "Justice Is Mind: Evidence" that was also written, produced and directed by Lund in 2011. The film stars Vernon Aldershoff, Robin Ann Rapoport, Kim Gordon and Paul Lussier. The film had its world premiere at the Capital District Film Festival on August 18, 2013 at The Palace Theatre in Albany, NY. Chronicle is a 2012 American found footage science-fiction thriller film directed by Josh Trank and written by Max Landis based on a story by both. It follows three Seattle high school seniors, bullied Andrew (Dane DeHaan), his cousin Matt (Alex Russell) and more popular Steve (Michael B. Jordan), who form a bond after gaining telekinetic powers from an unknown object. They first use their abilities for mischief and personal gain until Andrew turns to darker purposes. "Accel World" is a 2012 Sci-Fi Japanese anime television series based on the light novel series written by Reki Kawahara and illustrated by HiMA. The anime is produced by Sunrise and directed by Masakazu Obara with screenplay by Hiroyuki Yoshino. [/INST] Answer: Max Landis </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question The novel Betrayal contributed to Danielle Steel's sales success in selling over how many copies? Context Danielle Steel's Palomino is a 1991 television movie based on a novel by Danielle Steel about the romance between a photographer and a cowboy. A subplot involves a romance between characters played by Rod Taylor and Eva Marie Saint, who acted together years earlier in "Raintree County" (1957) and "36 Hours" (1964). The film aired on October 21, 1991 on NBC. Daddy, also known as Danielle Steel's Daddy, is a 1991 television film directed by Michael Miller. The film is based upon the 1989 novel "Daddy" written by Danielle Steel. Kaleidoscope, also known as Danielle Steel's Kaleidoscope, is a 1990 made for television romantic drama film directed by Jud Taylor. The film is based upon the 1987 novel of the same name by Danielle Steel. Danielle Steel's A Perfect Stranger, also known as A Perfect Stranger (just like the name of the romance novel by Danielle Steel from which the film takes origin) is a 1994 American romantic-drama television film directed by Michael Miller, whose most important element is the love triangle which characterizes it. The special effects were created by Brock Jolliffe. The film is set in San Francisco, California, and was released in the United States in 1994 where it aired on NBC. Heartbeat, also known as Danielle Steel's Heartbeat, is a 1993 television movie directed by Michael Miller and written by Jan Worthington based upon the 1991 novel of the same name by Danielle Steel for NBC. The film tells of a man who was abused as a child and, as a result, has no interest in having children of his own. When Adrian reveals to her husband that she is pregnant, her husband pressures her to have an abortion. Adrian rebuffs her husband's orders and he neglects her. The showrunner and Adrian's boss for the soap opera she writes and produces becomes romantically involved with her, eventually marrying her and helping Adrian raise her baby. John Ritter stars as the television producer, Polly Draper as Adrian, and Kevin Kilner portrays Adrian's husband. Betrayal is a novel by Danielle Steel, published by Delacorte Press in July 2012. The book is Steel's eighty-sixth novel, and (including non-fiction and children's books) her 104th book overall. It reached number 3 in the New York Times hardback fiction bestsellers chart. It is also available in audio book, read by Renee Raudman. Danielle Steel's Star is a 1993 American made-for-television film starring Jennie Garth, Craig Bierko, Terry Farrell, Penny Fuller and Mitchell Ryan. This film is based on the novel "Star" by author Danielle Steel and is set in the 1970s. It was directed by Michael Miller and written by Danielle Steel and Claire Labine. Crystal Wyatt's singing voice during the song "Timeless Love" was performed by Megon McDonough (credited as Megan McDonough). Danielle Fernandes Dominique Schuelein-Steel (born August 14, 1947) is an American novelist, currently the best selling author alive and the fourth bestselling fiction author of all time, with over 800 million copies sold. Safe Harbour, also known as Danielle Steel's Safe Harbour, is a 2007 direct-to-video film directed by Bill Corcoran, based upon the 2003 novel of the same name by Danielle Steel. Mixed Blessings, also known as Danielle Steel's Mixed Blessings, is a 1995 NBC television film directed by Bethany Rooney. The film is based upon the 1985 novel of the same name written by Danielle Steel. It contains three stories of couples who are facing parenthood for the first time. Scott Baio, Bess Armstrong, Gabrielle Carteris, and Bruce Greenwood lead the all-star cast. [/INST] Answer: over 800 million copies sold </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Gioachino Rossini and Emmanuel Chabrier both wrote what type of music? Context Alexis Emmanuel Chabrier (] ; January 18, 1841September 13, 1894) was a French Romantic composer and pianist. Although known primarily for two of his orchestral works, "España" and "Joyeuse marche", he left an important corpus of operas (including "L'étoile"), songs, and piano music. He was admired by composers as diverse as Debussy, Ravel, Richard Strauss, Satie, Schmitt, Stravinsky, and the group of composers known as Les six. Stravinsky alluded to "España" in his ballet "Petrushka"; Gustav Mahler called "España" "the beginnings of modern music" and alluded to the "Dance Villageoise" in the "Rondo Burleske" movement of his Ninth Symphony. Ravel wrote that the opening bars of "Le roi malgré lui" changed the course of harmony in France, Poulenc wrote a biography of the composer, and Richard Strauss conducted the first staged performance of Chabrier's incomplete opera "Briséïs". The Messa per Rossini is a Requiem Mass composed to commemorate the first anniversary of Gioachino Rossini's death. It was a collaboration among 13 Italian composers, initiated by Giuseppe Verdi. The composition was intended to be performed on 13 November 1869 in the Basilica of San Petronio, Bologna, where Rossini grew up and spent a large part of his life. Menuet antique is a piece for solo piano composed by Maurice Ravel. The original piano version was written in 1895 and orchestrated by the composer in 1929. Ravel wrote the piece to pay tribute to Emmanuel Chabrier, who had welcomed his early works and helped to establish his musical reputation. Gioachino Antonio Rossini (] ; 29 February 179213 November 1868) was an Italian composer who wrote 39 operas, as well as some sacred music, songs, chamber music and piano pieces. This is a list of the operas of the Italian composer Gioachino Rossini (1792–1868). See List of compositions by Gioachino Rossini for his other works. Guillaume Tell (English: William Tell , Italian: Guglielmo Tell ) is a French opera in four acts by Gioachino Rossini to a libretto by Étienne de Jouy and Hippolyte Bis. Based on Friedrich Schiller's play "William Tell," which drew on the William Tell legend, the opera was Rossini's last, although he lived for nearly forty more years. Fabio Luisi said that Rossini planned for "William Tell" to be his last opera even as he composed it. The overture, in four sections and featuring a depiction of a storm as well as a vivacious finale, the "March of the Swiss Soldiers," is often played. Bar aux Folies-Bergère is a one-act ballet created in 1934, with scenario and choreography by Ninette de Valois, and designs by William Chappell after Manet. The music consists of piano works by Emmanuel Chabrier, selected and arranged by Constant Lambert. Péchés de vieillesse ("Sins of Old Age") is a collection of 150 vocal and solo piano pieces by composer Gioachino Rossini, who was best known for his operas. The pieces are grouped into fourteen unpublished albums under this self-deprecating and ironic title. The ordering of the pieces in the albums does not reflect the sequence or the dates of their composition, which range from 1857 to shortly before Rossini's death in 1868. The title "Péchés de vieillesse" was given by Rossini only to volumes V-IX, but has since been extended to the complete set. Rossini (also known as "Arte ed amori di Gioacchino Rossini") is a 1942 Italian musical drama film directed by Mario Bonnard and starring Nino Besozzi, Paola Barbara, Camillo Pilotto, Armando Falconi and Greta Gonda. It depicts adult life events of Italian composer Gioachino Rossini. Gwendoline is an opera in two acts and three scenes by the French composer Emmanuel Chabrier, with a libretto by Catulle Mendès. It was first performed at the Théâtre de la Monnaie, Brussels, Belgium on 10 April 1886. Further performances followed in Karlsruhe in 1889, Leipzig in 1890 and then in Lyons and Paris in 1893. "Gwendoline" was Chabrier's attempt to write a serious opera in the style of Richard Wagner. [/INST] Answer: opera </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question What similar occupation do Franco Zeffirelli and Graham Streeter share? Context A.D. (1985) is a British/Italian miniseries in six parts which adapts the narrative in the "Acts of the Apostles". Considered as the third and final installment in a TV miniseries trilogy which began with "Moses the Lawgiver" (1974) and Franco Zeffirelli's "Jesus of Nazareth" (1977), it was adapted from Anthony Burgess's novel "The Kingdom of the Wicked", which was itself a sequel to Burgess's book "Man of Nazareth", on which was based Zeffirelli's movie. The title is the abbreviation for "Anno Domini" (Medieval Latin, "In the year of the Lord"), as the events occur in the first years of the Christian Era. Graham Streeter (born January 22, 1964) is an American film director, screenwriter and cinematographer. Cages is a 2005 film, directed by American film director Graham Streeter which tells the story of a single mother named Ali Tan (Tan Kheng Hua) who attempts to escape repeated bad relationships which puts her before the man she resents the most—her father, Tan (Mako Iwamatsu). The truth is not always easy to face when her father reveals a dark secret 20 years past; a past that may cost a lifetime of relationship. Franco Zeffirelli, KBE Grande Ufficiale OMRI (] ; born 12 February 1923) is an Italian director and producer of operas, films and television. He is also a former senator (1994–2001) for the Italian centre-right "Forza Italia" party. Recently, Italian researchers have found that he is one of the few distant relatives of Leonardo da Vinci. Jane Eyre is a 1996 American, British, French and Italian romantic epic and dramatic feature film adaptation of Charlotte Brontë's 1847 novel "Jane Eyre". This Hollywood version, directed by Franco Zeffirelli, is similar to the original novel, although it compresses and eliminates most of the plot in the last quarter of the book (the running away, the trials and tribulations, new found relations, and new job) to condense it into a 2-hour movie. Florence: Days of Destruction (Italian: Per Firenze) is a 1966 documentary about the 1966 Flood of the Arno River and its catastrophic effect on the city of Florence. Directed by Franco Zeffirelli, it is Zeffirelli's only documentary, and features the only known film footage of the flood. The film is 50 minutes long, and was produced by RAI. Released less than a month after the disaster, the film reputedly raised more than $20 million for the reconstruction efforts. Jesus of Nazareth (Italian: "Gesù di Nazareth" ) is a 1977 British-Italian television miniseries directed by Franco Zeffirelli and co-written by Zeffirelli, Anthony Burgess, and Suso Cecchi d'Amico which dramatises the birth, life, ministry, crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus. It stars Robert Powell as Jesus. His extraordinary acting was highly praised by critics. The miniseries features an all-star cast of famous American and European actors, including eight Academy Award winners: Anne Bancroft, Ernest Borgnine, Laurence Olivier, Christopher Plummer (subsequent winner), Anthony Quinn, Rod Steiger, James Earl Jones (subsequent honorary Academy Award winner), and Peter Ustinov. Callas Forever is a 2002 biographical film directed by Franco Zeffirelli, who co-wrote the screenplay with Martin Sherman. It is an homage to Zeffirelli's friend, internationally acclaimed opera diva Maria Callas, whom he directed on stage in "Norma", "La Traviata", and "Tosca". Cavalleria rusticana is a 1982 Italian film directed by Franco Zeffirelli based on Pietro Mascagni's 1890 opera of the same name. It stars tenor Plácido Domingo, mezzo-soprano Elena Obraztsova, and baritone Renato Bruson, all singing their own roles. Georges Prêtre conducted the Teatro alla Scala Orchestra for the movie's soundtrack. The film was made for broadcast on television. In 2003, it was released on DVD by Deutsche Grammophon, paired with "Pagliacci", also starring Plácido Domingo and directed by Franco Zeffirelli. William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet may be one of the most-screened plays of all time. The most notable theatrical releases were George Cukor's multi-Oscar-nominated 1936 production "Romeo and Juliet", Franco Zeffirelli's 1968 film "Romeo and Juliet", and Baz Luhrmann's 1996 MTV-inspired "Romeo + Juliet". The latter two were both, at the time, the highest-grossing Shakespeare films. Cukor featured the mature actors Norma Shearer and Leslie Howard as the teenage lovers while Zeffirelli populated his film with beautiful young people, and Baz Luhrmann produced a heavily cut fast-paced version aimed at teenage audiences. [/INST] Answer: director </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Gavin O'Connor is an Irish Actor who is known for a role in a 2011 European drama film that was directed by Paulo Sorrentino and stars Sean Penn and who else? Context This Must Be the Place is a 2011 European drama film directed by Paolo Sorrentino, written by Sorrentino and Umberto Contarello and released in the U.S. in late 2012. It stars Sean Penn and Frances McDormand. The film deals with a middle-aged wealthy rock star who becomes bored in his retirement and takes on the quest of finding his father's tormentor, a Nazi war criminal who is a refugee in the United States. At Close Range is a 1986 American crime drama film directed by James Foley, based on the real life rural Pennsylvania crime family led by Bruce Johnston, Sr. which operated during the 1960s and 1970s. It stars Sean Penn and Christopher Walken, with Mary Stuart Masterson, Sean's brother Chris Penn, David Strathairn, Crispin Glover, Kiefer Sutherland, and Eileen Ryan (the Penns' real-life mother) in supporting roles. The film was critically acclaimed. The Assassination of Richard Nixon is a 2004 American drama film directed by Niels Mueller. It stars Sean Penn, Don Cheadle, Jack Thompson and Naomi Watts, and is based on the story of would-be assassin Samuel Byck, who plotted to kill Richard Nixon in 1974. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival. U Turn is a 1997 neo-western neo-noir crime thriller film directed by Oliver Stone, and based on the book "Stray Dogs" by John Ridley. It stars Sean Penn, Billy Bob Thornton, Jennifer Lopez, Jon Voight, Powers Boothe, Joaquin Phoenix, Claire Danes, and Nick Nolte. Gavin O'Connor is an Irish actor, known for his roles in TV series such as "Charlie (TV series)", "The Tudors", "Single Handed" and films including "Dorothy Mills" (2008), "Eden" (2008), "The Front Line" (2006), "Headrush" (2003) and "This Is My Father" (1998), "This Must Be The Place" and "Fifty Dead Men Walking" Milk is a 2008 American biographical film based on the life of gay rights activist and politician Harvey Milk, who was the first openly gay person to be elected to public office in California, as a member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors. Directed by Gus Van Sant and written by Dustin Lance Black, the film stars Sean Penn as Milk and Josh Brolin as Dan White, a city supervisor who assassinated Milk and Mayor George Moscone. The film was released to much acclaim and earned numerous accolades from film critics and guilds. Ultimately, it received eight Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture, winning two for Best Actor in a Leading Role for Penn and Best Original Screenplay for Black. Mystic River is a 2003 American mystery crime drama film directed and scored by Clint Eastwood. It stars Sean Penn, Tim Robbins, Kevin Bacon, Laurence Fishburne, Marcia Gay Harden, and Laura Linney. The screenplay by Brian Helgeland was based on the novel "Mystic River" by Dennis Lehane. The film was produced by Robert Lorenz, Judie G. Hoyt and Eastwood. It is the first film on which Eastwood was credited as composer of the score. Deiva Thirumagal (English translation: "God's Daughter") is a 2011 Indian Tamil-language legal drama film written and directed by A. L. Vijay and produced by M. Chinthamani and Ronnie Screwvala that features Vikram in the lead role as a mentally challenged adult with the maturity of a six-year-old boy, while Baby Sarah, Anushka Shetty, Amala Paul and Nassar portray other pivotal roles. The film comprises director Vijay's 'regular' technical crew with G. V. Prakash Kumar as music composer, Nirav Shah as cinematographer and Anthony as editor. Audiography was done by M. R. Rajakrishnan. The film has its basic plot and lead character copied from the 2001 American film "I Am Sam" written and directed by Jessie Nelson, and starring Sean Penn as a father with a developmental disability and Dakota Fanning as daughter The film released on 15 July 2011 along with a dubbed version in Telugu titled Nanna. The film was later dubbed into Japanese as "Kamisama ga Kureta Musume". 21 Grams is a 2003 American drama film directed by Mexican director Alejandro González Iñárritu from a screenplay written by Guillermo Arriaga. It stars Sean Penn, Naomi Watts, Charlotte Gainsbourg, Danny Huston and Benicio Del Toro. Main Aisa Hi Hoon (English: I Am Like This ) is a Bollywood drama film released in 2005. It was directed by Harry Baweja and stars Ajay Devgan, Sushmita Sen, Esha Deol and Anupam Kher. This film is a remake of the American drama film "I Am Sam" written and directed by Jessie Nelson, and starring Sean Penn as a father with a developmental disability. [/INST] Answer: Frances McDormand </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question In which year was the university, at which Gavin Butt is based, founded? Context Butt Trumpet is an American, Los Angeles based punk project band, founded and maintained by Thom Bone, that is known more for its crass lyrics and deliberately offensive style. The group features two bassists among its members. They became famous in 1994 when their Chrysalis Records debut, "Primitive Enema", was banned from sale in a Massachusetts town after one mother heard her 12-year-old daughter listening to it, which she called "audio porn." Dan Druff played in the group briefly in 1995. The "Enema" lineup splintered soon after "Primitive Enema" was released, but three of the members regrouped in 1998 as Betty Blowtorch. The founder of the project, Thom Bone, continues to release and tour with various deliberately unstable band lineups up until the present. The Dunedin Consort is a Baroque ensemble based in Edinburgh, Scotland. It has won major recording awards and in 2010 was ranked 11th among the world’s choirs by an international jury assembled by "Gramophone" magazine. It was founded in 1995 by Susan Hamilton and Ben Parry, and named after Din Eidyn castle in Edinburgh. In 2003, after Parry’s departure, the group chose John Butt as its conductor. Under Butt’s musical direction, it has become known for performing and recording Baroque vocal music. Butt shared the title of co-artistic director of the Dunedin Consort until August 2012, when his title was changed to music director. Naughty Dog is an American video game developer that was founded in 1984 by Andy Gavin and Jason Rubin. Based in Santa Monica, California, Naughty Dog was originally known as Jam Software until 1989, and began producing games for the Apple II system. Their first release, "Math Jam", was an educational game for the system which Gavin and Rubin self-published in 1985. The following year, Jam developed the skiing game "Ski Crazed", which was published by Michigan-based company Baudville for the Apple II. The partnership with Baudville continued for "Dream Zone", an adventure game released for the Apple IIGS as well as the Amiga and DOS in 1987, before they left to work with Electronic Arts on "Keef the Thief" and "Rings of Power". After a brief hiatus, "Way of the Warrior" was released for the 3DO in 1994, before Naughty Dog partnered with Sony Computer Entertainment, by whom they were later acquired in 2001. Gavin Butt (born 1967) is a British art historian based at Goldsmiths, University of London. Trendspotting is a British fashion and culture magazine based in the East End of London. Its current editor is Omar Butt and the art director is Arjun Mahedevan. It was founded in 2007 to highlight the culture, fashion and arts of London's trendy East End. Irit Rogoff is Professor of Visual Culture at Goldsmiths, University of London in the department of Visual Cultures, which she founded in 2002. She is also a writer and curator and has written and co-written a number of seminal texts including "Looking Away—Participating Singularities, Ontological Communities" (2013); "Visual Cultures as Seriousness" (2013) (with Gavin Butt); "Unbounded: Limits’ Possibilities" (2012); and "Terra Infirma: Geography's Visual Culture" (2000). She has also published in periodicals such as Art Journal, e-flux journal, and Third Text. Her research interests include visual culture; contemporary art and critical theory; postcolonialism, geocultures and geographies, cultures of education and gender. Rogoff received her PhD in 1987 from the University of London. Goldsmiths, University of London, is a public research university in London, England, specialising in the arts, design, humanities, and social sciences. It is a constituent college of the University of London. It was founded in 1891 as "Goldsmiths' Technical and Recreative Institute" by the Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths in New Cross, London. It was acquired by the University of London in 1904 and was renamed "Goldsmiths' College". The word "College" was dropped from its branding in 2006, but "Goldsmiths' College", with the apostrophe, remains the institution's formal legal name. Naughty Dog, LLC (formerly known as JAM Software, Inc. before renaming in 1989) is an American first-party video game developer based in Santa Monica, California. Founded by Andy Gavin and Jason Rubin in 1984 as an independent developer, the studio was acquired by Sony Computer Entertainment in 2001. Gavin and Rubin produced a sequence of progressively more successful games, including "Rings of Power" and "Way of the Warrior" in the early 1990s. The latter—a very low-budget but still plausible offering—prompted Universal Interactive Studios to sign the duo to a three-title contract and fund the expansion of the company. The Gardiner Professor of Music at the University of Glasgow was founded in 1928 and endowed by the gift of William Guthrie Gardiner and Sir Frederick Crombie Gardiner, shipowners in Glasgow. The Chair was previously a joint appointment with the directorship of the Scottish National Academy of Music (now the Royal Conservatoire of Scotland), although this practice ceased on the retirement of Sir Ernest Bullock in 1952. The current professor is John Butt. The Hawks' Club is a members-only social club for sportsmen at the University of Cambridge. Founded in 1872, the club represents the best sportsmen in the University of Cambridge. Membership is by election only, and the usual criterion is that the candidate should have his Blue – ie have taken part in the match or race against the University of Oxford in his particular sport. Many famous sporting names have been, or are, members – Rob Andrew, Mike Atherton, Chris Brasher, Ted Dexter, Gavin Hastings, Tony Lewis, and George Nash to name just a few. [/INST] Answer: 1891 </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question What company was established as part of the Great Norther Railway Act of 1846 and has a first station west of Louth? Context The Great Northern Railway planned and built a branch line from Bardney to Louth in stages, the final stage between Donington on Bain and Louth opening to goods on 28 June 1876 and passengers on 1 December 1876. Hallington railway station was the first station west of Louth on this line. The Northampton and Peterborough Railway was an early railway promoted by the London and Birmingham Railway to run from a junction at Blisworth to Northampton and Peterborough. The Northampton and Peterborough Railway Act received the Royal Assent in 1843 and the line opened in 1845. In 1846, it became part of the London and North Western Railway (LNWR). The LNWR became a constituent of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) when the railways of Great Britain were merged in the grouping of 1923. In 1948, the LMS became part of the publicly owned British Railways. Regular passenger services ceased in 1964 and the line closed completely in 1972. A part of it has since been reopened as the Nene Valley Railway heritage line. Demirköprü is a station on İZBAN's Northern Line. The station is 13.45 km away from Alsancak Terminal. Demirköprü is the first station west of the Karşıyaka tunnel. Chalakudi Railway Station (Station Code: CKI) is an important railway station between Irinjalakuda Railway Station and Divine Nagar railway station in the busy Shoranur-Cochin Harbour section in Thrissur district. Chalakudi Railway Station is operated by the Chennai-headquartered Southern Railways of the Indian Railways. It is an 'A' class station under Trivandrum division, and the second largest station in Thrissur District after Thrissur railway station. It is also the first station declared as Adarsh station in Thrissur District. The Riverton Railroad Depot is a historic railway station located at 1st and Main Streets in Riverton, Wyoming. The depot was built by the Chicago and North Western Railway from 1906 to 1907 along a new line through central Wyoming built by the railway in 1906. The city of Riverton formed only two weeks before the railroad reached it when land in the area opened to new residents under the Homestead Act. The railroad spurred economic development in the region by exporting agricultural products and oil and creating demand for the local coal and lumber industries. When the railroad industry declined after World War II, the Chicago and North Western gradually decreased its service west of Casper, and by 1974 it was prepared to demolish the Riverton station as well. A group of Riverton residents instead bought and restored the depot, which now houses businesses. The depot is the last surviving Chicago and North Western station west of Casper. The Axholme Joint Railway was a committee created as a joint enterprise between the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (L&Y) and the North Eastern Railway (NER) and was established by the North Eastern Railway Act of 31 July 1902. It took over the Goole and Marshland Railway, running from Marshland Junction near to and , and the Isle of Axholme Light Railway, running from Reedness Junction to . Construction of the Goole and Marshland Railway had begun in 1898, and by the time of the takeover in early 1903, was virtually complete. The Isle of Axholme Light Railway was started in 1899, but only the section from Reedness Junction to was complete at the takeover. The northern section opened in November 1903, and the line from Crowle to Haxey Junction opened for passengers on 2 January 1905. The Oakland Wye is an underground junction in downtown Oakland serving the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) system, where trains can switch between (a) the northbound Richmond or Pittsburg/Bay Point lines (first station: 12th Street/Oakland City Center, underground), (b) the westbound San Francisco lines (first station: West Oakland, elevated) , and (c) the southbound Fremont or Dublin/Pleasanton lines (first station: Lake Merritt, underground). The Oakland Wye has been described as one of the central and most complex part of the BART system, and is a speed bottleneck for the whole system because all BART trains pass through it. The Nottingham Joint Station Committee was incorporated by the Great Central and Great Northern Railway Act 1897 to manage the railway station which was to become Nottingham Victoria. The Committee comprised representatives of the two railway companies to use the station: the Great Northern and the Great Central. Shaker Square Station is a station on the RTA Blue and Green Lines in Cleveland, Ohio, USA. It is the first station west of the junction of the Blue and Green Lines and thus serves as a transfer point between the two lines. The Great Northern Railway (GNR) was a British railway company established by the Great Northern Railway Act of 1846. On 1 January 1923 the company lost its identity, as a constituent of the newly formed London and North Eastern Railway. [/INST] Answer: Great Northern Railway </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Kirkwood Mall (originally known as Kirkwood Plaza) is an enclosed regional shopping mall in the city of Bismarck, North Dakota, its anchor stores include which American privately held, employee-owned and operated sporting goods and entertainment chain store, headquartered in Fargo? Context Kirkwood Mall (originally known as Kirkwood Plaza) is an enclosed regional shopping mall in the city of Bismarck, North Dakota. At 850,000 square feet, Kirkwood Mall is the second largest mall in North Dakota, boasting over 90 shops. Opened in 1970, it is also the largest shopping center in the city. Its anchor stores are J. C. Penney, I. Keating Furniture & Flooring, Target, Herberger's and Scheels All Sports. The mall is located in the downtown district. Yorktown Center is an enclosed regional shopping mall located in the village of Lombard, a suburb of Chicago, Illinois, United States. Anchor stores include Carson's, JCPenney, and a flagship Von Maur (whose location is the second largest in the chain, the largest being at Perimeter Mall that opened in 2012 in Dunwoody, Georgia). The mall also features two junior anchor stores, HomeGoods and Marshalls, and more than 100 other stores on its two levels. Other amenities include a food court, a movie theater (AMC Theatres, formerly a General Cinema), and an outdoor concourse of shops known as The Shops on Butterfield. The Centre at Salisbury is an 862000 sqft super regional mall owned by Rouse Properties in Salisbury, Maryland. The mall is the only regional shopping mall in a 60 mi radius. The main anchor stores include Macy's, Boscov's, Sears, and Dick's Sporting Goods. It also features a 16 screen cinema stadium-style Regal Cinemas movie theater that opened in 2005 in the space formerly occupied by Montgomery Ward. The Centre at Salisbury is the largest shopping mall on the Eastern Shore of Maryland. Southlake Mall is a shopping mall in Merrillville, Indiana. The tract of land on which it sits was annexed from unincorporated Ross Township in 1993. It lies in the Chicago metropolitan area. Southlake Mall is the only enclosed super regional mall in Northwest Indiana, as well as one of largest in the state overall along with Castleton Square in Indianapolis and Glenbrook Square in Fort Wayne. Anchor stores include Carson's, Kohl's, JCPenney, Macy's, Dick's Sporting Goods and Sears. The Macy's store was previously an L. S. Ayres prior to September 9, 2006. The mall first opened with only two anchor stores - JCPenney and Sears - and the north and south anchor wings were added later. Carson's once housed the cafeteria-style "The Garden Restaurant" next to the entrance near the security garage on the south side of the mall from 1975-89 Scheels All Sports ( ) is an American privately held, employee-owned and operated sporting goods and entertainment chain store headquartered in Fargo, North Dakota. Scheels operates twenty-six store locations in twelve U.S. states. Its slogan is Gear. Passion. Sports. Southwest Plaza is an enclosed shopping mall located in unincorporated Jefferson County, Colorado, United States, immediately south of Denver. "Littleton" is commonly indicated in the mall's postal address because its ZIP code is primarily associated with that city, which lies some two miles west. The mall has two levels with over 150 stores, plus a food court. Anchor stores include Dillard's, JCPenney, Macy's, and Sears, with Dick's Sporting Goods and Steve & Barry's added in late 2007, although the latter closed in 2009. General Growth Properties owns and manages Southwest Plaza. Towne West Square is an enclosed shopping mall located in Wichita, Kansas, United States. Opened in 1980, it comprises more than 100 stores in 951447 sqft of gross leasable area. The mall's five anchor stores include Convergys, Dick's Sporting Goods, two Dillard's locations and JCPenney. Sears (the sixth anchor store) closed in December 2014, leaving one anchor space vacant. The original anchor stores in the mall were: Dillard's, Henry's, JC Penney, Montgomery Ward and Service Merchandise. Sears opened in 1994 (14 years after the rest of the mall) moving a store from the open air Twin Lakes Shopping Center. There is a drop in daycare closest to JCPenny that opened in May 2015 called the Kiddie Klubhouse. Chris-Town Mall is the oldest operating mall and was the third shopping mall built in Phoenix, Arizona, located on Bethany Home Road and 19th Avenue. The property currently is known as Christown Spectrum Mall, derived from Chris-Town Mall and Phoenix Spectrum Mall, names previously used in the past. Today it exists as an enclosed shopping mall, although the enclosed portion of the mall was greatly reduced when redevelopment changed the configuration closer to a power centre. The Christown Spectrum Mall's anchor stores are JCPenney, Costco, SuperTarget, Walmart Supercenter, Big 5 Sporting Goods, Dollar Tree, PetSmart and Ross Dress for Less. When the JCPenney was added back to the mall, access to PetSmart, Target, Dollar Tree and Ross Dress for Less was cut off from inside, making only JCPenney, Costco, Big 5 Sporting Goods, and Walmart accessible from the inside. Christown Spectrum Mall also has a Walgreens and a Harkins Theatres 14 as out-parcel anchors. Mall of Georgia is an enclosed super-regional shopping mall located in Gwinnett County, Georgia, near the city of Buford, 30 mi northeast of Atlanta. Built in 1999, it is currently the largest shopping mall in the state of Georgia, consisting of more than two hundred stores on three levels. The mall's anchor stores include Belk, Dillard's, JCPenney, Macy's and Von Maur, other major stores include Barnes & Noble, Dick's Sporting Goods, and Haverty's. Also, located in the Mall of Georgia Crossing is Best Buy, Nordstrom Rack, T.J. Maxx, and Target. Also featured in the mall is a large village section, comprising lifestyle tenants and restaurants in an outdoor setting, as well as a 500-seat amphitheater. The mall attracts many high end stores such as Coach, Swarovski, Clarks, J.Crew, and Aveda. Simon Property Group manages the Mall of Georgia. Mall at Barnes Crossing is a super regional shopping mall located northeast of downtown Tupelo, Mississippi. It is managed and partially owned by David Hocker & Associates and is home to over 90 specialty shops, 5 anchor store tenants, an 8-screen Cinemark movie theater, and a 600-seat food court. Anchor stores include two Belk locations, as well as JCPenney, Sears, Barnes & Noble, and Dick's Sporting Goods. [/INST] Answer: Scheels All Sports </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Mary Youngblood plays a type of flute that is held in front of the player, and has what type of finger holes? Context Diwas is a native bamboo wind instrument in the Philippines which is a variation of the well-known panflutes or panpipes. It is made of bamboo with one of its end closed via the node of the bamboo. It also does not have finger holes (or tone holes) which is unlike popular aerophones like flutes that have finger holes or tone holes to play different pitches on the instrument. But Diwas compensate on this by grouping pipes of graduated length together. So to produce sound with varying pitch, you shift from one pipe to another. In Kalinga, these individual pipes are known as Saggeypo which is why Diwas is sometimes called as Saggeypo. Usually, the number of Saggeypos strung together ranges from 5 to 8. The flageolet is a woodwind instrument and a member of the fipple flute family. Its invention was erroneously ascribed to the 16th-century Sieur Juvigny in 1581. There are two basic forms of the instrument: the French, having four finger holes on the front and two thumb holes on the back; and the English, having six finger holes on the front and sometimes a single thumb hole on the back. The latter was developed by English instrument maker William Bainbridge, resulting in the "improved English flageolet" in 1803. There are also double and triple flageolets, having two or three bodies that allowed for a drone and countermelody. Flageolets were made until the 19th century when they were succeeded by the cheaper and more easily made tin whistle. Chiba () is one of the oldest Chinese musical woodwind instruments. It is a type of xiao, meaning it is a vertical end-blown flute. Unlike the northern xiao, is bears resemblance to most of the southern xiao, in that it is shorter, wider, has an open mouthpiece, slightly conical, and generally has a root end. Of the three main types of southern xiao (known as nanxiao) it is the one that most closely resembles the Japanese shakuhachi (also 尺八). Most nanxiao (and northern beixiao) have a "notched" mouthpiece that is either U-shaped (Cantonese style) or V-shaped (Fujianese style), whereas the chiba has an angled edge instead, giving it a far breathier sound, like that of the shakuhachi. A possible distinction between shakuhachi and chiba, is that most modern shakuhachi have an ivory inlay in the mouthpiece, whereas the chiba does not. Shakuhachi also typically only have five large finger holes (four in front and thumb), whereas chiba may have from five to eight finger holes, emulating the design of other Chinese xiao. Molinukai are Lithuanian ocarinas, made in the shape of a tube or a toy figure. The tube-shaped whistles are made of clay mixed with sand. The clay is kneaded and rolled, and rolled around a small stick. The stick is removed, one end of the tube is squeezed shut, while the other end is flattened and the blowing hole is made with a thin splinter. A whistle hole and two to four finger holes are made in the top. Toy shapes are made in the same way as tubes, but the hollow is carved in a finished shape. The molinukai are carved and then fired in an oven. The sound of a molinukas is soft, and the timbre is delicate. Musical possibilities are determined by the number of finger holes. Melodies are improvised. At times, sutartinės were played with these whistles. The molinukai were toys used by herders and children. Stabule (stebule, stabuļa) is a national woodwind musical instrument of Latvia. The name can apply to variety of wind instruments, but in general sense it is a pipe with 4-8 finger holes. These instruments are 1.5-2.5 cm in diameter and can be anywhere from 20 to 40 cm in length. Stabules have either fipple or reed. Reed stabules were usually made from wood or reed with mouthpiece also made either from reed or wood. Fipple stabules were usually made of wood, although in some areas clay and bark stabules of this type were made and bone stabules have been found by archaeologists. A similar more simple type of stabule without finger holes can be made from willow bark. This type of instrument differs in that its end (opposite to mouthpiece) is plugged. The plug is generally meant for tuning the stabule, but sometimes also used as a slide to adjust tone while playing. All bark stabules were usually made in spring when bark is looser - the features of the stabule are carved right on a fresh broom of willow and the bark is then slid off; the remaining branch is then used to make the fipple and, for the simpler type of stabules, the plug. Due to the natural shrinkage of bark they were short-lived. A khloy (Khmer: ខ្លុយ , ] ) is an ancient traditional bamboo flute from Cambodia and more specifically the Khmer people. The khloy and other similar bamboo flutes can be found throughout Asia, due to bamboo’s abundance in the region. The khloy is a duct flute, about 15 in long and 1 in in diameter, with 8 or 9 finger holes, and a duct end where the player blows into to produce a sound. The Cambodian khloy is often mistaken for its close relative of Thailand, the klui flute. Unlike the klui flute, the khloy is generally played solo in an informal setting. The khloy is mostly played using the pentatonic scale. The dili tuiduk, дилли туйдук ( also dilli düdük, dilli tuyduk , dili tüidük, dilli tüidük ) is a Turkmen woodwind instrument. It is a clarinet-like, single-reed instrument used mainly in Turkmen folk music. Dilli-tuyduk These come in two kinds. In one, the reed end of the instrument is closed and in the other it is open. A reed is cut in the upper part of the pipe and 3 or 4 finger holes are cut on the upper part, at intervals of some 5-6mm. Its range is a 6thor 7th, from about fa in the first octave to re or mi in the second. Some sounds have to be made by overblowing or by partly exposing the finger holes. The dilli-tuyduk makes a penetrating sound and is used to play the tunes of Turkmen folk songs. Versions of song tunes in the form of ditties for the dilli-tuyduk start in a long drawn-out sound going into the main melody. The hulusi (traditional: 葫蘆絲; simplified: 葫芦丝; pinyin: húlúsī) or cucurbit flute is a free reed wind instrument from China and the Shan State. It is held vertically and has three bamboo pipes which pass through a gourd wind chest; the center pipe has finger holes and the outer two are typically drone pipes. It is not uncommon for a "hulusi" to have only one drone pipe while the second outer pipe is merely ornamental. The drone pipe has a finger hole, which allows it to be stopped. Advanced configurations have keyed finger holes similar to a clarinet or oboe, which can greatly extend the range of the "hulusi" to several octaves. The Native American flute is a flute that is held in front of the player, has "open finger holes", Mary Youngblood (born June 24, 1958 in Kirkland, Washington) is a Native American musician descendant who plays the Native American flute. A half-Aleut/half-Seminole child, she was adopted by Dr. Bob and Leah Edwards, both educators. [/INST] Answer: open </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question The Genesis Flood: The Biblical Record and its Scientific Implications is a 1961 book by Henry M. Morris, and which American theologian and young earth creationist, and his book has influenced many conservative American Christians to adopt Flood geology? Context Grand Canyon: A Different View is a 2003 book edited by Tom Vail. The book features a series of photographs of the Grand Canyon illustrating 20 essays by creationists Steve Austin, John Baumgardner, Duane Gish, Ken Ham, Russell Humphreys, Henry Morris, John D. Morris, Andrew A. Snelling, Larry Vardiman, John Whitcomb, and Kurt Wise. It presents the Young Earth creationist perspective that the canyon is no more than a few thousand years old and was formed by the Global Flood or Noachian flood of the Bible. Walter T. Brown (Aug 1937) is a young earth creationist, who is the director of his own ministry called the Center for Scientific Creation. "The Skeptic's Dictionary" considers him to be one of the leaders of the creation science movement. He proposes a specific version of flood geology called the Hydroplate Theory. He is a retired army officer with a degree in mechanical engineering. The Biblical Creation Society (BCS) is a United Kingdom-based creationary organisation founded in 1977 by Scottish minister Nigel M. de S. Cameron (now President of the Center for Policy on Emerging Technologies and a group of evangelical students, who were concerned about the popularity of theistic evolution among conservative Christians, but were repelled by the "wholly negative" attitude of the Evolution Protest Movement. Although inspired by the scientific creationism of John C. Whitcomb and Henry M. Morris (authors of "The Genesis Flood"), it refused to limit its membership to only Young Earth creationists, and in its name rejected American attempts to separate scientific creationism from its Biblical roots (a separation rendered unnecessary by the lack of constitutional barriers to teaching creationism in the United Kingdom). The organisation is based in Rugby, Warwickshire. Noah's Ark (Hebrew: תיבת נח‎ ‎ ; Biblical Hebrew: "Tevat Noaḥ") is the vessel in the Genesis flood narrative (Genesis chapters 6–9) by which God spares Noah, his family, and a remnant of all the world's animals from a world-engulfing flood. According to Genesis, God gave Noah instructions for building the ark. Seven days before the deluge, God told Noah to enter the ark with his household and the animals. The story goes on to describe the ark being afloat for 150 days and then coming to rest on the Mountains of Ararat and the subsequent receding of the waters. The story is repeated, with variations, in the Quran, where the ark appears as "Safina Nūḥ" (Arabic: سفينة نوح‎ ‎ "Noah's boat"). The Genesis flood narrative is similar to numerous other flood myths from a variety of cultures. The earliest known written flood myth is the Sumerian flood myth found in the "Epic of Ziusudra". Henry Madison Morris (October 6, 1918 – February 25, 2006) was an American young Earth creationist, Christian apologist, and engineer. He was one of the founders of the Creation Research Society and the Institute for Creation Research. He is considered by many to be "the father of modern creation science." He is widely known for coauthoring "The Genesis Flood" with John C. Whitcomb in 1961. The Antediluvian (alternatively Pre-Diluvian or Pre-Flood, or even Tertiary) period (meaning "before the deluge") is the time period referred to in the Bible between the fall of humans and the Noachian Deluge (the Genesis Flood) in the biblical cosmology. The narrative takes up chapters 1–6 (excluding the flood narrative) of the Book of Genesis. The term found its way into early geology and lingered in science until the late Victorian era. Colloquially, the term is used to refer to any ancient and murky period. John Clement Whitcomb, Jr. (born June 22, 1924 in Washington, D.C.) is an American theologian and young earth creationist. He is well known as the co-author with Henry M. Morris of "The Genesis Flood", which influenced many conservative American Christians to adopt Flood geology. Flood geology (also creation geology or diluvial geology) is the attempt to interpret and reconcile geological features of the Earth in accordance with a literal belief in the global flood described in Genesis . In the early-19th century, diluvial geologists hypothesized that specific surface features were evidence of a worldwide flood which had followed earlier geological eras; after further investigation they agreed that these features resulted from local floods or glaciers. In the 20th century, young Earth creationists revived flood geology as an overarching concept in their opposition to evolution, assuming a recent six-day Creation and cataclysmic geological changes during the Biblical Deluge, and incorporating creationist explanations of the sequence of rock strata. The Genesis Flood: The Biblical Record and its Scientific Implications is a 1961 book by young earth creationists John C. Whitcomb and Henry M. Morris that, according to Ronald Numbers, elevated young earth creationism "to a position of fundamentalist orthodoxy." Kent E. Hovind (born January 15, 1953) is an American Christian fundamentalist evangelist and tax protester. He is a controversial figure in the Young Earth creationist movement and his ministry focuses on attempting to convince listeners to deny scientific theories in fields including biology (evolution), geophysics, and cosmology in favor of a literalist interpretation of the Genesis creation narrative found in the Bible. Hovind's views, which combine elements of creation science and conspiracy theory, are dismissed by the scientific community as fringe theory and pseudo-scholarship. He has been criticized by Young Earth Creationist organizations like Answers in Genesis for his continued use of discredited arguments that have been abandoned by others in the movement. [/INST] Answer: John C. Whitcomb </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Peter Hanson "Pete" Coors (born September 20, 1946) is an American businessman and politician, he formerly served as the Chairman of the Molson Coors Brewing Company, and Chairman of MillerCoors, MillerCoors is a beer brewing company in which country> Context The Molson Coors Brewing Company is a multinational brewing company, formed in 2005 by the merger of Molson of Canada, and Coors of the United States. It is the world's seventh largest brewer by volume. Peter Hanson "Pete" Coors (born September 20, 1946) is an American businessman and politician. He formerly served as the Chairman of the Molson Coors Brewing Company and Chairman of MillerCoors. Molson Coors Brewing Company was created by the merger of two of North America's largest breweries: Molson of Canada, and Coors of the United States, on February 9, 2005. Coors is responsible for over twenty different brands of beer in North America and the UK. The main brands are "Coors" and "Killian's". Molson brands include "Carling Black Label" and "Molson Canadian". Coors Brewing Company, or Coors, is now part of the Molson Coors Brewing Company. MillerCoors is a beer brewing company in the United States. In 2002 South African Breweries purchased Miller Brewing Company to create SABMiller. In 2005, Molson Brewery of Canada and Coors Brewing Company merged to form the Molson Coors Brewing Company. Then, in 2008, SABMiller and Molson Coors created MillerCoors as a joint venture for their operations in the U.S. The company is the second-largest brewer in the U.S., after Anheuser-Busch. The AC Golden Brewing Company is a subsidiary of MillerCoors, a joint venture between SABMiller and Molson Coors Brewing Company. Its purpose is to serve as a specialty brewing arm of MillerCoors, in the words of president Glenn Knippenberg, "Our mission for AC Golden is to be a brand incubator for what is now MillerCoors". The AC Golden Brewery operates in the former pilot brewery of the Coors Brewery. It debuted its first beer, Herman Joseph's Private Reserve, in 2008. The company began brewing its seasonal beer, a Vienna Style lager called Winterfest, in 2009. In April 2010, AC Golden introduced Colorado Native lager in Colorado, an amber lager made with 100% Colorado ingredients. The Coors Brewing Company is a regional division of the world's third-largest brewing company, the Molson Coors Brewing Company. Until October 11, 2016, the operations in the United States were a joint venture with SABMiller called MillerCoors. Coors operates a brewery in Golden, Colorado, that is the largest single brewery facility in the world. Since that time, Coors is a division of Molson Coors. The Miller Brewing Company is an American beer brewing company headquartered in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, that was owned until October 11, 2016 by the MillerCoors division of the MillerCoors–Molson Coors joint venture. The company has brewing facilities in Albany, Georgia; Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin; Fort Worth, Texas; Irwindale, California; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and Trenton, Ohio. On July 1, 2008, Miller formed MillerCoors, a joint venture with rival Molson Coors to consolidate the production and distribution of its products in the United States, with each parent company's corporate operations and international operations to remain separate and independent of the joint venture. Coors Brewers Limited, later known as Molson Coors Brewing Company (UK) Limited is the UK arm of Molson Coors Brewing Company. Its headquarters is in Burton upon Trent, Staffordshire, the company originates from Bass Brewers Limited. The company, has gone through many name changes and mergers. The Molson Brewery was formed in Montreal in 1786. In 2005 Molson merged with US-based Coors to form Molson Coors Brewing Company, the world's seventh-largest brewing company at that time. The Canadian division of the Molson Coors Brewing Company is Molson-Coors Canada Inc.. Molson's first brewery was located on the Saint Lawrence River in Montreal where the Molson family continues to maintain its operations today. [/INST] Answer: United States </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question For what country does the defensive midfielder of Lazio that graduated from Gremio F.B.P.A. Academy play for? Context London Irish RFC is an English rugby union club, with an Irish Identity. It was originally based in Sunbury, Surrey, where the senior squad train, youth teams and senior academy play home games, and the club maintain their administrative offices. It has competed in the Premiership, the top division of English rugby union, every season since its inception in 1996-97, apart from the 2016-17 season, in which it won the Greene King IPA Championship. The club also competes in the Anglo-Welsh Cup and has participated in both the European Champions Cup or European Challenge Cup. In 2016 it played in the British and Irish Cup in addition to the Championship. The club will play its home games at the Madejski Stadium in Reading, Berkshire until at least 2019. Yann Gérard M'Vila (] ; born 29 June 1990) is a French professional footballer who currently plays for Russian club Rubin Kazan. He operates primarily as a defensive midfielder, and is described by his former club as a player who possesses "excellent defensive abilities" and "impressive physical strength", but can also play as a box-to-box midfielder, due to his impressive work rates and stamina. He is the younger brother of Yohan M'Vila. Massimo Grima, also known as missier il-Hamrunizi, (born 6 August 1979 in Malta) is a professional footballer currently playing for Maltese Premier League side Hamrun Spartans, where he plays as a defensive midfielder. Massimo is often used as a defensive midfielder, sitting just in front of the centre backs, but in fact he can also play as a centre back himself. Lucas Pezzini Leiva (born 9 January 1987), known as Lucas, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Italian club Lazio and the Brazil national team. Grêmio F.B.P.A. Academy is the youth set up of Grêmio. Is composed of a feeder team, known as "Transition team", and several youth teams from the age group of under-7 to the under-20, and is considered one of the most prolific football academies in Brazil as also in the world. Notable graduates in recent years include former FIFA World Cup and FIFA Ballon d'Or winner Ronaldinho, Brazil national team and Juventus winger Douglas Costa, Lazio midfielder Lucas Leiva and current first team players Marcelo Grohe and Luan, among many others. Ergys Kaçe (born 8 July 1993) is an Albanian professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Greek club PAOK and the Albania national football team. He has been described by the media as "a classic agile defensive midfielder". Didier Claude Deschamps (] ; born 15 October 1968) is a retired French footballer and current manager of the France national team. He played as a defensive midfielder for several clubs, in France, Italy, England and Spain, such as Marseille, Juventus, Chelsea and Valencia, as well as Nantes and Bordeaux. Nicknamed "the water-carrier" by former France team-mate Eric Cantona, Deschamps was an intelligent and hard-working defensive midfielder who excelled at winning back possession and subsequently starting attacking plays, and also stood out for his leadership throughout his career. As a French international, he was capped on 103 occasions and took part at three UEFA European Football Championships and one FIFA World Cup, captaining his nation to victories in the 1998 World Cup and Euro 2000. Leigh Michael Broxham (born 13 January 1988) is an Australian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Melbourne Victory in the A-League. A natural defensive midfielder, Broxham can also play as an attacking midfielder, central midfielder, centre back, left back or right back. Tsai Hsien-tang (, born April 29, 1977), formerly known as Tsai Hui-kai (), is a Taiwanese football (soccer) player. He usually plays as a defender or a defensive midfielder. During his service in Tatung F.C., he was voted the best defensive midfielder after the Chinese Taipei National Football League 2005 season. Ricardo Rogério de Brito, better known by his nickname Alemão (born 22 November 1961), is a former Brazilian football player who played as a defensive midfielder. He was born in Lavras, Minas Gerais. His nickname means "German" in the Portuguese language. A tenacious and physical player, Alemão was a strong, consistenty and versatile midfielder, who excelled as a defensive midfielder due to his tactical intelligence and his ability to read the game. [/INST] Answer: Brazil </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Who is the American physicist who studied under the founder of "Berkeley Earth"? Context Walter Maurice Elsasser (March 20, 1904 – October 14, 1991) was a German-born American physicist considered a "father" of the presently accepted dynamo theory as an explanation of the Earth's magnetism. He proposed that this magnetic field resulted from electric currents induced in the fluid outer core of the Earth. He revealed the history of the Earth's magnetic field through pioneering the study of the magnetic orientation of minerals in rocks. Garniss H. Curtis, (born May 27, 1919 – died December 19, 2012) was a professor emeritus of geology at the University of California, Berkeley, geochronologist, volcanologist, geophysicist, and founder of the Berkeley Geochronology Center. In 1960, Curtis and fellow UC Berkeley geophysicist Jack Evernden used potassium-argon dating methods developed by UC Berkeley physicist John Reynolds on minerals found in tephra deposits collected by Evernden to date Mary Leakey's 1959 Olduvai Gorge Bed I hominin "Zinjanthropus" ("Paranthropus boisei") to 1.89 to 1.57 Mya. The great age of the fossil hominid and associated stone tools in the bed pushed back the then accepted age of the Pleistocene another million years, causing a stir in the geology community. The dating of these fossil finds is considered a starting point for the collaboration of paleoanthropology and geochronology. Roger W. Falcone is an American physicist, currently at University of California, Berkeley and is an Elected Fellow at American Academy of Arts and Sciences, The Optical Society, American Physical Society. Benson Mates (May 19, 1919, Portland, Oregon – May 14, 2009, Berkeley, California) was an American philosopher, noted for his work in logic, the history of philosophy, and skepticism. Mates studied philosophy and mathematics at the University of Oregon, Cornell University, and the University of California at Berkeley. Some of his teachers included J. Barkley Rosser, Harold Cherniss, and Alfred Tarski. From 1948 until his retirement in 1989, he was a professor of philosophy at Berkeley. He remained Professor Emeritus of philosophy at University of California at Berkeley until his death. A Forbush decrease is a rapid decrease in the observed galactic cosmic ray intensity following a coronal mass ejection (CME). It occurs due to the magnetic field of the plasma solar wind sweeping some of the galactic cosmic rays away from Earth. The term "Forbush decrease" was named after the American physicist Scott E. Forbush, who studied cosmic rays in the 1930s and 1940s. Andrew Marienhoff Sessler (December 11, 1928 – April 17, 2014) was an American physicist, academic (University of California, Berkeley), former director of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (1973–1980), humanitarian and former president (1998) of the American Physical Society. Mary Katharine Gaillard (born April 1, 1939) is an American theoretical physicist with a focus on particle physics. She is a professor of the Graduate School at the University of California, Berkeley and Visiting Scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. She was Berkeley's first tenured female physicist. Berkeley Earth is a Berkeley, California based independent 501(c)(3) non-profit focused on land temperature data analysis for climate science. Berkeley Earth was founded in early 2010 (originally called the Berkeley Earth Surface Temperature project) with the goal of addressing the major concerns from outside the scientific community regarding global warming and the instrumental temperature record. The project's stated aim was a "transparent approach, based on data analysis." In February 2013, Berkeley Earth became an independent non-profit. In August 2013, Berkeley Earth was granted 501(c)(3) tax-exempt status by the US government. The primary product is air temperatures over land, but they also produce a global dataset resulting from a merge of their land data with HadSST. Robert Andrew Rohde is an American physicist and former graduate student at the University of California, Berkeley, where he studied under Richard A. Muller. He received his PhD in 2010 with a thesis entitled "The Development and Use of the Berkeley Fluorescence Spectrometer to Characterize Microbial Content and Detect Volcanic Ash in Glacial Ice." He is also the founder of the website Global Warming Art and a Wikipedia editor under the username "Dragons Flight". Richard A. Muller (born January 6, 1944) is an American physicist and professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley. He is also a faculty senior scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Most recently, in early 2010, Muller and his daughter Elizabeth founded the group "Berkeley Earth", an independent 501(c)(3) non-profit aimed at addressing some of the major concerns of the climate change skeptics, in particular the global surface temperature record. [/INST] Answer: Robert Andrew Rohde </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Tara Conner, is an American actress, model, advocate and beauty queen, in 2006, she held which title? Context Miss saHHara is a British Nigerian beauty queen, fashion model, singer/songwriter, and a human rights advocate. She is known for representing Nigeria in international beauty pageants to draw attention to the plights of LGBTQI+ people in Africa. In 2011, She became the first Nigerian transgender woman to come out publicly on international press during the Miss International Queen beauty pageant in Pattaya, Thailand. On July 19, 2014, she was crowned the first ever Super Sireyna Worldwide in Manila, Philippines. After winning Super Sireyna Worldwide, she founded a global transgender awareness foundation called TransValid. She is also a vocal critic of the 14 years imprisonment law of LGBTQI+ people in Nigeria. Juél-Maddie Daisi Pollard Sepulveda (born May 21, 1980) is an American model, international beauty queen, business woman, author and actress. In 2005, she was crowned Miss Jamaica International, which led her to compete on a larger scale. Pollard Sepulveda was the first Jamaican candidate in history to compete in the Miss Earth 2005, Miss Asia Pacific 2005, and Miss Beauty Queen World 2005, and is the only known candidate to hold three different national titles throughout a single pageant career. Tara Faye Grinstead (born November 14, 1974) was an American beauty queen and high school history teacher who lived in Ocilla, Georgia and has been missing since October 23, 2005. Over the span of a decade, it became the largest case file in Georgia's history. On February 23, 2017, a press conference was held by the Georgia Bureau of Investigation (GBI) formally announcing that a tip had been received, leading to the arrest of Ryan Alexander Duke for the murder and concealment of Tara Faye Grinstead. In addition, on March 3, 2017, a supplementary arrest was made public in connection with Tara's disappearance: Bo Dukes (a former classmate of Ryan Alexander Duke, with no familial relation) was charged with attempting to conceal a death, hindering apprehension and tampering with evidence. Miss USA 2006, the 55th Miss USA pageant, was held at the Royal Farms Arena in Baltimore, Maryland on April 21, 2006. Fifty-one state titleholders competed for the title, which was won by Tara Conner of Kentucky. Conner was crowned by outgoing titleholder Chelsea Cooley of North Carolina. Dayanna Grageda (born March 5, 1992) is a Bolivian-Australian Animal scientist, environmental advocate, model and beauty queen who was crowned Miss Earth Australia 2015 and later that year won the international title of Miss Earth Air 2015. Dayanna holds the highest recorded placement for both an Australian and an ethnically Bolivian beauty queen in Miss Earth history. The Miss Kentucky USA competition is the pageant that selects the representative for the state of Kentucky in the Miss USA pageant. The current director for the Miss Kentucky USA and Miss Kentucky Teen USA titles is Connie Clark Harrison. Harrison is former Miss Kentucky USA 1976 who was the only representative for Kentucky to win the Miss Congeniality award at the national level. Pageant Place is an American reality show that follows Miss Universe Organization pageant winners Miss Universe Riyo Mori, Miss USA Rachel Smith and Miss Teen USA 2006 Katie Blair, (who was later replaced by her successor Miss Teen USA 2007 Hilary Cruz) as they live together in an apartment in New York City. They are guided by Miss USA 2006 Tara Conner, in a chaperonal role. Kentucky Monthly is a general interest regional magazine about the U.S. state of Kentucky and Kentuckians. Founded in 1998 by Stephen M. Vest, publisher, Michael Embry, editor, (who retired in 2006) and business manager Kay Vest, it featured actor George Clooney on its first (and 101st) cover and has featured such Kentucky notables as Ashley Judd, Molly Sims, Wendell Berry, Silas House, Annie Potts, former Miss USA Tara Conner and numerous others. Huon won the Miss Utah USA 2006 title in late 2005 in her first attempt. She represented Utah in the Miss USA 2006 pageant broadcast live from Baltimore, Maryland, in April 2006. She was also the first woman of Asian descent to win the Miss Utah USA title. The pageant was won by Tara Conner of Kentucky. Huon was one of twenty-six Miss USA Delegates who appeared on a Miss USA special of "Deal or No Deal" in April 2006, prior to the broadcast of the pageant. Tara Elizabeth Conner (born December 18, 1985) is an American actress, model, advocate and beauty queen who was crowned Miss USA 2006 and has also competed in the Miss Teen USA and Miss Universe pageants. Apart from her role as Miss USA, Conner has been employed as a model. She was a featured model on the HDNet series "Bikini Destinations" in 2004, posing in Lake Tahoe. She has also held the titles Miss Kentucky Teen USA 2002, Miss Kentucky County Fair 2004, and Miss Kentucky USA 2006. [/INST] Answer: Miss Kentucky USA </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question VR-62 was originally stationed at which former Navy blimp base? Context The recorded History of Brunswick, Georgia dates to 1738, when a 1000 acre plantation was established along the Turtle River. By 1789, the city was recognized by President George Washington as having been one of five original ports of entry for the American colonies. In 1797, Brunswick's prominence was further recognized when it became the county seat of Glynn County, a status it retains to this day. During the later stages of the Civil War, with the approach of the Union Army, much of the city was abandoned and burned. Economic prosperity eventually returned, when a large lumber mill was constructed in the area. By the late 19th-century, despite yellow fever epidemics and occasional hurricanes, business in Brunswick was thriving, due to port business for cotton, lumber, naval stores, and oysters. During this period, Brunswick also enjoyed a tourist trade, stimulated by nearby Jekyll Island, which had become a posh, exclusive getaway for some of the era's most influential people. World War I stimulated ship building activity in Brunswick. But it was not until World War II that the economy boomed, when 16,000 workers were employed to produce ninety-nine Liberty ships and "Knot" ships. During the war, Brunswick's Glynco Naval Air Station was, for a time, the largest blimp base in the world. Since the end of World War II, the city has enjoyed a period of moderate economic activity, centered on its deep natural port, which is the western-most harbor on the eastern seaboard. In recent years, in recognition of a thriving local enterprise, Brunswick has declared itself to be the "Shrimp Capital of the World". Zafar Mahmud (1923–2016) was a Royal Indian Air Force officer during the second world war, originally stationed in Burma and subsequently stationed in Quetta (in present-day Pakistan) from 1945 to 1947 before the partition of British India. He was sent to England a number of times to train with the Royal Air Force just before and after the war. The Battle of Sculeni was fought on 29 June 1821 in Sculeni, Moldavia between the Ottoman forces of Sultan Mahmud II and Greek Filiki Eteria forces led by Prince George Catakouzenos. It came as a result of Ottoman reprisals for Alexander Ypsilantis' expedition in the two Danubian Principalities, and followed in the aftermath of the Battle of Dragashani (as a prelude to the Greek War of Independence). When the Ottomans crossed the Bahlui River in Iaşi on 25 June 1821, Lieutenant Catakouzenos and his forces, originally stationed on the Russian frontier, crossed the Prut River. Naval Air Station South Weymouth, was an operational United States Navy airfield from 1942 to 1997 in South Weymouth, Massachusetts. It was first established as a regular Navy blimp base during World War II. During the postwar era the base became part of the Naval Air Reserve Training Command, hosting a variety of Navy and Marine Corps reserve aircraft squadrons and other types of reserve units. Environmental contamination from wastes stored in 3 landfills was detected in 1986, and since 1993 the site has been on the National Priorities List of Superfund sites. Numerous remedies and long term monitoring of ground water are in place. Since 2005, over 600 acres have been transferred to the affected towns for reuse, and in 2011 the Navy signed a $25 million contract to transfer its remaining land. The Harvey Point Defense Testing Activity facility, owned by the Department of Defense, is located on a peninsula in Perquimans County, North Carolina, along the Albemarle Sound, near the city of Hertford, NC. It was established in World War II as Naval Auxiliary Air Station Harvey Point, an operating base for sea planes conducting anti-submarine surveillance off the Atlantic coast. A close-by naval facility, Naval Air Station Weeksville, served as a blimp base from 1941 to 1957, while another former naval air facility remains active as Coast Guard Air Station Elizabeth City.. The USCGC "White Alder" (WLM/WAGL-541) was the former Navy lighter, YF-417. The United States Coast Guard acquired a total of eight of these former Navy YF-257-class lighters between 1947-1948 for conversion to coastal buoy tenders. They were needed to complement the larger seagoing buoy tenders in servicing short-range-aids-to-navigation, typically those placed in coastal waters and harbors. Tillamook Air Museum is an aviation museum south of Tillamook, Oregon in the United States. The museum is housed in a former US Navy blimp hangar, called "Hangar B", which is the largest clear-span wooden structure in the world. The K-1 was an experimental blimp designed by the United States Navy in 1929. Due to the inability to get Congressional approval for the construction of an airship the navy used the ploy of ordering a "universal" control car (type J/K) which could be used on the J-type airships from the Naval Aircraft Factory. An order was placed with Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company for an envelope for "fuel gas experiments". To complete the deception, there is no record of the US Navy assigning a serial number to the K-1, Standard Army TC type tail fins were procured from Goodyear. Unlike past Navy blimps, the control car was not suspended from external cables, but was hung from cables attached to the top of the envelope, and the car was carried flush against the envelope as in modern blimps. The control car carried bunks and a galley so that a relief crew could be carried, and was completely enclosed. The K-1 was also the first Navy blimp to have a taxi wheel. Like the Graf Zeppelin, the fuel for the K-1 was "blau gas" a mixture of combustible gases with the same density as air, which meant that the valving of gas as the fuel was consumed was not necessary. The only serious drawback was the tendency of the fuel to leak into the helium which then could not be run through the Lakehurst purification plant, which meant the expensive helium had to be vented to atmosphere when too contaminated or an overhaul was necessary. Naval Air Station Chatham, was an operational United States Navy airfield from 1917 to 1922. It was first established as a blimp base during World War I. It was located in Chatham, Massachusetts. Fleet Logistics Support Squadron SIX TWO (FLELOGSUPPRON SIX TWO, or VR-62, nicknamed the "Nomads") is one of five U.S. Navy Reserve squadrons operating the Lockheed C-130T medium-lift cargo aircraft. VR-62 used to be stationed at Naval Air Station South Weymouth and Naval Air Station Brunswick. [/INST] Answer: Naval Air Station South Weymouth </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question When was the congressman who feuded with Louie Free released from prison? Context Maggie Louie (November 10, 1970) is an American songwriter, guitarist and singer, best known for the pop single "Always Be Your Girl" featured on her solo album, "Maggie Louie", released in 1999 and as the lead singer of the underground cult band Buttermilk which recorded four albums including "Star Spangled Bubblegum" (1993) and "On Tap" (1995). Louie's vocal talents have been described as providing a "fiery emotive delivery" for Buttermilk's "blues rock, jazz, funk, folk and H.O.R.D.E.-style groovy jams." Simone Barabino (c. 1585- c. 1620 or later) was an Italian painter of the late-Mannerist style. Born in Val de Polcevera, near Genoa, he was mainly active in his native city, where he trained with Bernardo Castello. He later feuded with his master and left for Milan, where after some works, he stopped painting. Notable works include "San Diego restoring sight to blind child" for the Nunziata del Guastato in Genoa and "Dead Christ with the Virgin and Saints Michael and Andrew" for the church of San Girolamo at Milan. He died in penury. Lanzi says he quit his profession and turned to merchandise, in which he did not succeed, and that be died in prison. The exact date of his death is not known, but he may have been quite old when he died. Flashback is the eighth studio album, and a compilation album of outtakes and rare songs released by Joan Jett and the Blackhearts. The album was initially released in late 1993 and was reissued in 1998 with a slightly different track listing. The 1998 version dropped five tracks from the 1993 release: "Summertime Blues", "Louie Louie", "Star Star", "Stand Up for Yourself" and "Call Me Lightning" and replaced them with "Real Wild Child (Wild One)", a live version of "Bad Reputation" and "Right 'Til the End", which was only available on the cassette version of the 1993 release. "Call Me Lightning" and "Summertime Blues" were later added as bonus tracks on reissues of "Bad Reputation" and "Louie Louie" became a bonus track on the reissue of "I Love Rock 'N Roll". "Star Star" was included as an unlisted "surprise" track on the 1983 cassette release of "Album", but was later removed after the original cassette was pulled from some stores because of non-labelled "explicit" track lyrics. The song was restored on the CD release. John Albaugh is the former Chief of Staff to Congressman Ernest Istook and was a cooperating witness in the Department of Justice investigation of Kevin Ring, a lobbyist and an associate of Jack Abramoff. In June 2008 Albaugh pleaded guilty to conspiracy with Kevin Ring. As part of his plea agreement Albaugh wore a wire during a conversation with former Congressman Istook, testified for three days during trial, and provided other assistance to the government. However, Albaugh’s plea agreement fell apart when he informed the government that his actions were motivated by campaign contributions provided by Kevin Ring to Congressman Istook, and not by tickets to sporting events or meals provided by Ring to Albaugh. As a result of breaking his plea agreement the government requested Judge Ellen Segal Huvelle to sentence Albaugh to 27 months in prison. Judge Huvelle, however, rejected that request and instead sentenced Albaugh to four months in a half-way house citing his cooperation with the government investigation and saying “There are three or four Congressman out there that will never see the light of day for their actions, and we’re blaming the staffers,”. Huvelle declined to fine Albaugh or require him to perform community service because of his work with a non-profit organization which operates schools and medical clinics in Afghanistan saying that it was unnecessary. James Anthony Traficant Jr. (May 8, 1941 – September 27, 2014) was a Democratic, and later independent, politician and member of the United States House of Representatives from Ohio. He represented the 17th Congressional District, which centered on his hometown of Youngstown and included parts of three counties in northeast Ohio's Mahoning Valley. He was expelled from the House after being convicted of taking bribes, filing false tax returns, racketeering and forcing his aides to perform chores at his farm in Ohio and houseboat in Washington, D.C. He was sentenced to prison and released on September 2, 2009, after serving a seven-year sentence. Louie Free (real name Louis Wolk) is the host of The Louie Free Radio Show, broadcasting on WASN 1500-AM, out of Youngstown, Ohio, and on the Internet. Free, who generally interviews authors and politicians on his show, was best known for his feud with disgraced Ohio congressman James Traficant (May 8, 1941 – September 27, 2014), who served an eight-year prison sentence for taking bribes, filing false tax returns, and racketeering. The Kingsmen in Person is the first album by the rock band The Kingsmen, released in 1963. The album featured "Louie Louie", the band's biggest success. Jack Ely, the singer of "Louie Louie", appeared on no other track on the album because he quit before it was recorded. King Louie Bankston (born Louis Paul Bankston) is a rock and roll musician from New Orleans. Associated early on with garage punk, he abandoned the genre in 1998 and has focused on Louisiana swamp pop, boogie woogie, boogie rock and power pop. He is best known for his work in the Royal Pendletons, The Persuaders, The Exploding Hearts, and The King Louie One Man Band. Bankston has toured Europe and the United States since the very early 1990s. He has released 53 records in the vinyl format. Louie does not use any outside promotion and uses a strict rule of ATTRACTION AND NOT PROMOTION for his music. Louis currently playes music based out of Oakland CA and lives in a suburb of New Orleans LA. Bankston has lived in New Orleans, Portland, and Memphis. "Louie, Go Home" is a song written by Paul Revere and Mark Lindsay as a sequel to "Louie Louie" by Richard Berry. It was recorded by Paul Revere and the Raiders in 1963 and released in March 1964. Louie Louie (born Louis Cordero) is a Puerto Rican/American musician and record producer. He released four full-length albums (two of them on major record labels and one under his full name of Louie Cordero) in the last twenty years, as well as a number of singles, but only two of the singles, 1990's "Sittin' in the Lap of Luxury" and "I Wanna Get Back With You," charted in the United States. [/INST] Answer: September 2, 2009 </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question What was the nickname of the 1990 serial killer Keith Hunter Jesperson, subject of a TV movie with David Arquette? Context Happy Face Killer is a 2014 Canadian-American television film inspired by real-life events of the hunt and capture of serial killer Keith Hunter Jesperson. The film premiered on March 1, 2014, on the Lifetime network and starred David Arquette as Jesperson. Gloria Reuben played Melinda Gand, the lead FBI case investigator. The Sun Hill Serial Killer was a major storyline from ITV's cop show "The Bill". Known originally as the "River Murders", the storyline spanned several months in 2002 and served as the exit for popular cast regular Cass Rickman (played by Suzanne Maddock). It was the first of several serial killer storylines from the show. Events came to a head in the New Year of 2003, when Acting DI Samantha Nixon discovers the truth and is taken hostage by the serial killer, before a final confrontation in which she is overpowered by DC Duncan Lennox, charged and thrown into the cells at Sun Hill Station. My Brother the Serial Killer is a 2012 American television documentary about serial killer Glen Rogers, otherwise known as the "Casanova Killer", who was convicted for a series of murders and arsons. The documentary was narrated by Rogers' brother Clay Rogers and aired on Investigation Discovery in November 2012. "My Brother the Serial Killer" received widespread media attention for Clay's claims that his brother was responsible for the 1994 murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Lyle Goldman. Randall Brent "Randy" Woodfield (born December 26, 1950) is an American serial killer who was dubbed The I-5 Killer or The I-5 Bandit by the media due to the crimes he committed along the Interstate 5 corridor running through Washington, Oregon, and California. Before his capture, the I-5 Killer was suspected of multiple sexual assaults and murders. A native of Oregon, Woodfield was convicted of three murders and is suspected of killing up to 44 people. He is currently incarcerated at the Oregon State Penitentiary. In 2011, Woodfield was the subject of a Lifetime television movie "Hunt for the I-5 Killer". The movie was based on the book "The I-5 Killer" by crime author Ann Rule. David Hillenbrand is an American writer, director, and composer. He often collaborates with his brother Scott Hillenbrand on projects. He is a member of the Directors Guild of America. He is a director whose films include "Hostile Takeover" (1997), "King Cobra" (1999), "Demon Island" (2002), "National Lampoon Presents Dorm Daze" (2003), "Gamebox 1.0" (2004), "Dorm Daze 2" (2006), and "Transylmania" (2009). The Hillenbrands also produced the theatrical stage show “Adrift” in Los Angeles in 1991 which was based on the best-selling novel of the same name. In addition to his active career as a film director and producer, David Hillenbrand has had an active music career in film and television. He served as the music coordinator, either for multiple television episodes or the entire television series, for "Mighty Morphin’ Power Rangers" (1995), "X-Men" (1992-1995), "Attack of the Killer Tomatoes" (1991), "Spacecats" (1991), "Blindfold: Acts of Obsession" (1994-TV Movie), "Sweet Valley High" (1994-1995), "Video Power" (1991) and "Tracks of a Killer" (1996 – TV movie). Keith Hunter Jesperson (born 6 April 1955) is a Canadian-American serial killer who murdered at least eight women in the United States during the early 1990s. He was known as the "Happy Face Killer" because he drew smiley faces on his many letters to the media and prosecutors. Many of his victims were sex workers and transients who had no connection to him. Luis Alfredo Garavito Cubillos, also known as "La Bestia" ("The Beast") or "Tribilín" (named after Disney character "Goofy"'s Latin American Spanish name) is a Colombian rapist and serial killer. In 1999, he admitted to the rape, torture and murder of 147 young boys. His victims, based on the locations of skeletons listed on maps that Garavito drew in prison, could eventually exceed 300; Garavito continues to confess to more murders. He has been described by local media as "the world's worst serial killer". According to the Attorney General's Office and various judicial bodies, Luis Alfredo Garavito is the "second serial killer of the world." Likewise, the judicial body ruled that all Garavito's sentences total 1853 years and nine days in jail. Eight Legged Freaks is a 2002 horror comedy film directed by Ellory Elkayem and starring David Arquette, Kari Wuhrer, Scott Terra and Scarlett Johansson. An international co-production between Germany, the United States, and Australia, the plot concerns a collection of spiders that are exposed to toxic waste, causing them to grow to gigantic proportions and begin killing and harvesting. The film was dedicated to the memory of several people: One was Lewis Arquette, father of the star of the film David Arquette, who had died in 2001 from heart failure, and the other two were Don Devlin and Pilar Seurat, the parents of producer Dean Devlin, who both died of lung cancer in 2000 and 2001, respectively. Cold North Killers: Canadian Serial Murder is a 2012 Canadian non-fiction book written by Lee Mellor and published by Dundurn Press. It documents the lives of sixty Canadian serial killers, with the earliest being Edward H. Rulloff and the most recent being Russell Williams. The book uses Katherine Ramsland's interpretation of what constitutes a serial killer—someone who has killed at least two people on two separate occasions, and who attempted to or likely would have killed again—as outlined in her 2007 book "The Human Predator". "Cold North Killer's" own definition of what constitutes a Canadian serial killer includes both Canadians who committed murder abroad (such as Keith Hunter Jesperson and Gordon Stewart Northcott) and non-Canadians who committed murder in Canada (like William Dean Christenson and Earle Nelson). Bible John is the nickname of a serial killer who is believed to have murdered three young women after meeting them at the Barrowland Ballroom in Glasgow, Scotland, between 1968 and 1969. The killer has never been identified although the known movements and modus operandi of convicted Glaswegian serial killer Peter Tobin suggests that he may have been behind the killings. However, this has never been proven and the case remains unsolved. [/INST] Answer: Happy Face Killer </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Between Rhapis and Lantana, which genus has the most number of species? Context Rhapis excelsa also known as broadleaf lady palm or "the lady palm" is a species of fan palm (Arecaceae subfamily Coryphoideae, tribe Corypheae) in the genus "Rhapis", probably native to southern China and Taiwan. It is not known in the wild; all known plants come from cultivated groups in China. They were first collected by the Japanese for Tokugawa shogunate palaces, then popularity spread to Europe, and later to America where its low light and humidity requirements make it a common feature in malls and offices. The genus name is Greek - "rhapis", meaning "needle"; and the species name is Latin for "tall", an ironic name choice as "R. excelsa" is not the tallest in the genus. Stygobromus is a genus of amphipod crustaceans that live in subterranean habitats. As well as a large number of species in North America, a smaller number of species are also known from Eurasia. Most of the North American species live in areas which were not covered by the Laurentide ice sheet, although a few species seem to have survived under the ice. A number of species are on the IUCN Red List as endangered species (EN) or vulnerable species (VU); all the listed species are endemic to the United States. One species, "S. lucifugus", is extinct. "Stygobromus" includes the following species: Megalorhipida dulcis is a species of moth in the genus "Megalorhipida", known from Belize, Costa Rica, and Mexico. Its hostplants are "Lantana urticifolia" and "Lantana glandulissimus". Moths in this species take flight in November, and have a wingspan of about 11 mm . Aneurophyton is a genus of extinct vascular plants that belong to the Aneurophytales, a class of progymnosperms. The genus is primarily known from records of two well-known species found in mostly Middle Devonian and Upper Devonian (late Eifelian to Famennian) outcrops in Belgium, China (West Junggar), Germany, and the United States (New York). Some uncertain species within the genus are also recorded from Middle Devonian outcrops in Kazakhstan, Russia (Timan and Siberia), and the Ukraine. While a number of species have been described in the paleobotanical literature, the genus likely only contains two well-circumscribed species, "A. germanicum" and "A. doui", and possibly a third species, "A. olnense", from Fammenian outcrops in Belgium. If the ages of the Early Devonian (Emsian) records of "A. germanicum" reported from Siberia are confirmed, these would constitute the oldest records of this genus. Concinnia spinosa, the Nangur spiny skink or Nangur skink, is a lizard known from two patches of dry-rainforest in South East Queensland, Australia. It was formerly placed in the monotypic genus "Nangura" but was moved to "Concinnia" following the molecular phylogenetic studies of O'Connor & Moritz (2003) and Skinner and co-authors (2013). This species is known only from two localities; the type locality, now in Nangura National Park, and a much smaller isolated population in Oakview National Park and adjacent Oakview State Forest. The total distribution spans just 42 square kilometers, within which this species occupies less than 4 square kilometers, with an estimated population size of less than 200 individuals. It is threatened by invasive species including cats, pigs, dogs, foxes and Cane Toads, by the invasive plant species Lantana camara, which increases fire risk and changes forest structure, and in some sites by logging and road maintenance. Consequently, it is listed as Critically Endangered under the Australian Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 It resembles "Concinnia queenslandiae" in its spiny scales and like that species it is live bearing. Along with minor differences in scalation, the Nangur Spiny Skink differs from other Australian Sphenomorphid skinks in its karyotype of 2n=28 chromosomes, where most others have 2n=30. It is also unlike related species in that it lives in burrows, which occur in small colonies through the dry rainforest habitat. There is some indication of parental care in this species, with adults sharing burrows with juveniles. Rhapis is a genus of about 10 species of small palms native to southeastern Asia from southern Japan and southern China south to Sumatra. The species are commonly known as Lady Palms. Eimeria is a genus of apicomplexan parasites that includes various species capable of causing the disease coccidiosis in animals such as cattle, poultry, and smaller ruminants including sheep and goats. "Eimeria" species are considered to be monoxenous because the life cycle is completed within a single host, and stenoxenous because they tend to be host specific, although a number of exceptions have been identified. Species of this genus infect a wide variety of hosts. Thirty-one species are known to occur in bats (Chiroptera), two in turtles, and 130 named species infect fish. Two species ("E. phocae" and "E. weddelli") infect seals. Five species infect llamas and alpacas: "E. alpacae", "E. ivitaensis", "E. lamae", "E. macusaniensis", and "E. punonensis". A number of species infect rodents, including "E. couesii", "E. kinsellai", "E. palustris", "E. ojastii" and "E. oryzomysi". Others infect poultry ("E. necatrix" and "E. tenella"), rabbits ("E. stiedae") and cattle ("E. bovis", "E. ellipsoidalis", and "E. zuernii"). For full species list, see below. Lantana is a genus of about 150 species of perennial flowering plants in the verbena family, Verbenaceae. They are native to tropical regions of the Americas and Africa but exist as an introduced species in numerous areas, especially in the Australian-Pacific region. The genus includes both herbaceous plants and shrubs growing to 0.5 - tall. Their common names are shrub verbenas or lantanas. The generic name originated in Late Latin, where it refers to the unrelated "Viburnum lantana". Naultinus is a genus of geckos. It is one of two genera of geckos that are endemic to New Zealand, the other genus being "Hoplodactylus". On account of their striking colouration, species in the genus "Naultinus" are commonly known as green geckos. There are eight described species in the genus, while another species from the North Island is awaiting formal scientific description. Species in the genus share a number of traits that set them apart as quite different from the rest of the world's two thousand odd gecko species, which are generally brown in colour, ovivaparous, short-lived and nocturnal. In contrast, "Naultinus" are green (with the exceptions of males in two South Island species which exhibit sexual dimorphism in colouration), ovovivaparous, live up to 30 years or more and are strictly diurnal. New Zealand has a temperate, maritime climate, and in terms of distribution "Naultinus" is one of the southern-most gecko genera in the world — some species live in habitats in the South Island which receive regular snowfall in winter. Animals in this genus possess several physiological and behavioural adaptations to cope with these periods of low temperatures and adverse weather. Cladosporium is a genus of fungi including some of the most common indoor and outdoor molds. Species produce olive-green to brown or black colonies, and have dark-pigmented conidia that are formed in simple or branching chains. Many species of "Cladosporium" are commonly found on living and dead plant material. Some species are plant pathogens, others parasitize other fungi. "Cladosporium" spores are wind-dispersed and they are often extremely abundant in outdoor air. Indoors "Cladosporium" species may grow on surfaces when moisture is present. "Cladosporium fulvum", cause of tomato leaf mould, has been an important genetic model, in that the genetics of host resistance are understood. In the 1960s, it was estimated that the genus "Cladosporium" contained around 500 plant-pathogenic and saprotrophic species, but this number has since been increased to over 772 species. The genus "Cladosporium" is closely related to black yeasts in the order Dothideales. "Cladosporium" species are often highly osmotolerant, growing easily on media containing 10% glucose or 12–17% NaCl. They are rarely grown on media containing 24% NaCl or 50% glucose and never isolated from medium with 32% NaCl or greater. Most species have very fragile spore chains, making it extremely difficult to prepare a mount for microscopic observation in which the conidial chains are preserved intact. [/INST] Answer: Lantana </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Daphne Slater was educated at what independent day school in Elstree, Hertfordshire? Context Buckingham Browne & Nichols School, often referred to as BB&N, is an independent day school on three campuses in Cambridge, Massachusetts, educating students from pre-kindergarten (called "Beginners") to 12th grade. BB&N was established by the 1974 merger of two independent schools, Buckingham School, founded in 1889, and Browne & Nichols School (B&N), founded in 1883. The Upper School, grades 9–12, is located at 80 Gerry's Landing Road on the banks of the Charles River. The Middle School, grades 7–8, is on Sparks Street, and the Lower School, grades pre-K–6, is on Buckingham Street. Boston Magazine ranked BB&N #5 in a list of the top private high schools in greater Boston for 2009 and, in late 2007, the Wall Street Journal listed BB&N as one of the 50 best schools in the world for its success in preparing students to enter top American universities. BB&N received another kind of attention in 2006 when "Forbes" magazine found it to be the ninth most expensive private school in the country, the only day school in the top ten. The school has produced three of the 27 Presidential Scholars from Massachusetts since the inception of the program in 1964 and is a member of the G20 Schools group. Haberdashers' Aske's School for Girls is an independent day school in Elstree, Hertfordshire. It is often referred to as "Habs" (or "Habs Girls" to distinguish it from the neighbouring Haberdashers' Aske's Boys' School). The school was founded in 1875 by the Worshipful Company of Haberdashers, one of the Great Twelve Livery Companies of the City of London. Wakefield School is an independent day school located in The Plains, Virginia, with classes ranging from junior kindergarten to 12th grade. It was founded in Huntly, Virginia in 1972 as Wakefield Country Day School, and changed its name to Wakefield School in the early 1980s when it established a small boarding department (boarding was discontinued after a few years). After a disagreement with the founders of the school, the half of the board of trustees moved the school from the Huntly location and re-founded the school at Marshall, Virginia in 1991, and moved later to Archwood Farm in The Plains (the first campus owned by the board of trustees) in 1996. However, the original campus, headed by the original founders, continues to operate as a separate school, Wakefield Country Day School. Between 1996 and today, Wakefield grew from a school of 240 students to the current enrollment of about 450 as the campus was developed. Canton Country Day School, (commonly referred to as CCDS), is an independent day school in Canton, Ohio. The school founded in 1964 as part of the Country Day School movement, with the aim of combining innovation with a superior elementary education dedicated to the liberal arts. It is the only non-sectarian independent PreK-8 school in Stark County, Ohio. The school has been recognized by the Blue Ribbon Schools Program, the highest award an American school can receive. Daphne Helen Slater (3 March 1928 – 4 October 2012) was an English actress noted for Shakespearian and period films. She was born in London and educated at Haberdashers' Aske's School for Girls, when it was in Acton, before attending the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, where she won the academy's gold medal. San Francisco Day School, referred to as SFDS or SF Day, is a co-educational independent day school of about 400 students from kindergarten through 8th grade in San Francisco, California. The school opened in 1981, and its core values are "Compassion, Integrity, and Responsibility." The current Head of School is Dr. Mike Walker, who joined in July, 2015 from the Punahou School in Honolulu. Renbrook School is an independent, private day school in West Hartford, Connecticut Renbrook School prepares your Preschool to Grade 8 child for success at secondary school and beyond. Founded in 1935, Renbrook is an independent day school for students in two divisions, Lower School for preschool-grade 5 and Upper School for grades 6-8. With about 200 students in each of the Lower and Upper Schools, class sizes of 10–15 are typical. The building where it is located was the house of Frederick Rentschler. Founded in 1926, the Rumson Country Day School is a coeducational, nonsectarian independent day school located on a 14000 ft2 campus in Rumson, New Jersey, specializing in educating boys and girls from nursery (age three) through eighth grade. The Rumson Country Day School is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools and is a member of the New Jersey Association of Independent Schools. Manchester High School for Girls is an independent day school for girls and a member of the Girls School Association. It is situated in Fallowfield, Manchester, England. The school has more than 930 students on roll. The school is regarded as one of the United Kingdom's leading independent day schools based on A-level results. Bolton School is an independent day school in Bolton, Greater Manchester. It comprises a co-educational nursery, co-educational infant school (ages 5–7), single sex junior schools (ages 7–11) and single sex senior schools including sixth forms (ages 11–18). With almost 2,400 pupils, it is one of the largest independent day schools in the country. [/INST] Answer: Haberdashers' Aske's School for Girls </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question After Yokozuna won the match at the 1993 Royal Rumble, he was able to go to what WWF event? Context Royal Rumble (1999) (also known as Royal Rumble: No Chance in Hell) was the twelfth annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It took place on January 24, 1999, at the Arrowhead Pond of Anaheim in Anaheim, California. The tagline and subtitle of the event was taken from a promise by Mr. McMahon that the first entrant in the Royal Rumble, Stone Cold Steve Austin, had "no chance in hell" of winning the match. The theme song for the event, based on the phrase, would go on to become the entrance music for McMahon's stable The Corporation and later, just McMahon himself, which he uses to this day. WWF Royal Rumble is a professional wrestling video game released by LJN in 1993 for the Super NES and Sega Genesis. Like its predecessor, "WWF Super WrestleMania" it is based on the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It features a variety of match types, including the newly added Royal Rumble match. The game's roster consists of wrestlers who were top stars in the WWF at the time, and each version of the game has five exclusive playable characters. WWF RAW is a video game based on the television show of the same name produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF), released for the SNES, 32X, Mega Drive/Genesis, and Game Boy in late 1994 and early 1995 by Acclaim Entertainment. It is the sequel to the "WWF Royal Rumble" game that was released in 1993, and is the final part of LJN's 16-bit WWF trilogy. Players can play either One-on-One, Tag Team, Bedlam, Survivor Series, Royal Rumble, or a Raw Endurance Match. Unlike its predecessor, "WWF RAW" is multitap compatible. WrestleMania IX was the ninth annual WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). The event took place at Caesars Palace in Paradise, Nevada, on April 4, 1993, and was the first WrestleMania event held outdoors. The buildup to the pay-per-view consisted of feuds scripted by the WWF's writers, and the matches that took place at the event had pre-determined outcomes that had been decided by the promotion. Royal Rumble (2016) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event, produced by WWE. It took place on January 24, 2016, at the Amway Center in Orlando, Florida. It was the 29th event in the Royal Rumble chronology. The event also was the fifth Royal Rumble pay-per-view to be held in the state of Florida (1990, 1991, 1995, and 2006), the second (1990) to be held in Orlando, and the first pay-per-view event at the Amway Center. The Royal Rumble match was the second that was contested for the WWE World Heavyweight Championship (after the 1992 Rumble), and the first match in which the champion defended his title in the Rumble match. Royal Rumble (2007) was the twentieth annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It took place on January 28, 2007, at the AT&T Center in San Antonio, Texas and featured talent from the Raw, SmackDown! and ECW brands. This marked the first time that the new ECW brand participated in the Royal Rumble match. As has been customary since 1993, the Royal Rumble match winner received a match at that year's WrestleMania, (in this instance: WrestleMania 23) for his choice at either the WWE Championship, the World Heavyweight Championship or the ECW World Championship. Royal Rumble (1993) was the sixth annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It took place on January 24, 1993 at the ARCO Arena in Sacramento, California. The main event was a Royal Rumble match, a battle royal in which two wrestlers started the match in the ring; every two minutes, another wrestler joined. In total, thirty wrestlers competed to eliminate their competitors by throwing them over the top rope of the wrestling ring onto the arena floor. Yokozuna won the match and was awarded an opportunity to wrestle for the WWF World Heavyweight Championship at WrestleMania IX. Bret Hart also retained his WWF World Heavyweight Championship against Razor Ramon, and Shawn Michaels successfully defended his WWF Intercontinental Championship against Marty Jannetty. WWF Royal Rumble is a professional wrestling video game released in 2000 for arcades and the Dreamcast. THQ published the title for the Dreamcast while Sega released it for arcades. It is based on the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) professional wrestling promotion and its yearly Royal Rumble event. Yuke's, creators of the "WWF SmackDown! series" developed "Royal Rumble", which had several unique features including support for up to nine wrestlers on the screen simultaneously. Royal Rumble (1994) was the seventh annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It took place on January 22, 1994, at the Providence Civic Center in Providence, Rhode Island. The main event was the Royal Rumble match, a battle royal in which wrestlers enter the ring at regular intervals. Lex Luger and Bret Hart were named co-winners after they simultaneously eliminated each other. Royal Rumble (2003) was the sixteenth annual Royal Rumble professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It took place on January 19, 2003, at the Fleet Center in Boston, Massachusetts, was the first Royal Rumble produced under the WWE name and employed talent from the Raw and SmackDown! brands. As has been customary since 1993, the Royal Rumble match winner received a match at that year's WrestleMania, (in this instance: WrestleMania XIX) for his brand's World title, either the WWE Championship or the World Heavyweight Championship. [/INST] Answer: WrestleMania IX </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question American rapper Fetty Wap had a feature guest appearance on a single produced by who? Context "Around the World" is the second single from Dutch singer Natalie La Rose. It features American rapper Fetty Wap, who co-wrote the song with its producers Marco "MAG" Borrero, Ilya Salmanzadeh, and Max Martin, with additional writing from Savan Kotecha, Rickard Goransson, and DJ Frank E. The single reached number 3 on the US "Billboard" Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart. "My Way" is the third single by American rapper Fetty Wap, featuring Remy Boyz's RGF Productions' member Monty, from Wap's self-titled debut album. It peaked at number seven on the "Billboard" Hot 100. "Again" is the fourth single by American rapper Fetty Wap from his self-titled debut album. It peaked at number 33 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. "679" is the second single by American rapper Fetty Wap from his self-titled debut album. The song features Remy Boyz member Monty and former Remy Boyz member P-Dice. "679" peaked at number 4 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100, becoming his second highest-charting single after "Trap Queen". The album version of the song omits P-Dice's verse, only featuring Monty. "Bang My Head" is a song by French DJ and music producer David Guetta, featuring vocals from Australian singer Sia and American rapper Fetty Wap. It was released as the second single from the re-release of Guetta's sixth studio album, "Listen". "Bang My Head" tallies as the album's seventh single overall. It was released via digital download on 30 October 2015. The original album version of the song only featured Sia's vocals, but the second verse was later replaced with vocals from Fetty Wap for the reworked single release. Fetty Wap is the eponymous debut studio album by American rapper Fetty Wap. It was released on September 25, 2015, by RGF Productions, distributed by Because Music and 300 Entertainment. The album features guest appearances from Remy Boyz, Monty and M80. Both Monty and M80, who were members of the Remy Boyz, contributed as featured guest artists on the album. "Asking 4 It" is a song by American singer and songwriter Gwen Stefani from her third studio album, "This Is What the Truth Feels Like" (2016). The song features guest vocals from American rapper Fetty Wap. It was released on March 18, 2016, as the ninth track on "This Is What the Truth Feels Like" by Interscope Records. The track was written by Stefani, Justin Tranter, Julia Michaels, Tor Hermansen, Mikkel Eriksen, and Fetty Wap. The track's production was handled by Stargate, while additional production was made by Tim Blacksmith and Danny D. "Save Dat Money" (stylized as $ave Dat Money), is a song by American hip hop recording artist Lil Dicky from his debut studio album "Professional Rapper". It was released on June 10, 2015 as the album's first single. It was produced by Money Alwayz and features guest appearances by Fetty Wap and Rich Homie Quan. It peaked at number 71 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. Justina Valentine is an American rapper, singer, songwriter and model from Passaic County, New Jersey, best known for her singles "Candy Land" featuring rapper Fetty Wap, "All The Way" and "Unbelievable". Willie Maxwell II (born June 7, 1991) is an American rapper better known by his stage name Fetty Wap. He rose to prominence after his debut single "Trap Queen", reached number two on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100 chart in May 2015. This helped Fetty Wap secure a record deal with 300 Entertainment, a record label distributed by Atlantic Records. He subsequently released two Top 10 singles in the U.S., "679" and "My Way". Fetty Wap's eponymously titled debut album was released in September 2015 and reached number one on the U.S. "Billboard" 200 chart. [/INST] Answer: Money Alwayz </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question Where was the ski resort which has Blue Cow Mountain as part of it located? Context Yam Ski Resort, also calls Payam Ski Resort, is a ski resort in Marand in North of Tabriz, East Azerbaijan, Iran operated by East Azerbaijan Province Ski Federation. The resort is located in the northern foothills of Mishodaghi. It is one of the oldest ski resorts in Iran that still operating. The resort have a ski lift. Ski season in Yam resort depends on winter precipitation each year which normally starts in January and continues till end of March. This resort also considered a summer resort and attracts visitors from nearby cities. Perisher (known as Perisher Blue until 2009) is the largest ski resort in the Southern Hemisphere. Located in the Australian Snowy Mountains, the resort is an amalgamation of four villages (Perisher Valley, Smiggin Holes, Guthega, and Blue Cow) and their associated ski fields, covering approximately 12 km2 , with the base elevation at 1720 m AHD, and the summit elevation of 2054 m at the top of Mount Perisher. 4.4 km2 of this area is covered by 240 snow guns, which are used to artificially supplement the natural snowfall. Perisher was acquired by Vail Resorts, United States on March 30, 2015 for a sum of approximately AU$177 million. TC Gače Ski Resort (ex Bela Ski Resort) is a family Slovenian ski resort located in municipality of Semič on the Pogorelec mountain. Closest city is Novo Mesto. It is near Croatian border. Resort offers 8 km of ski slopes with different difficulty and 6,5 km of cross-country skiing (2 tracks). There are also sledding slope, hiking path and the mountain biking trail in the summer. Brighton Ski Resort is a ski area located in Big Cottonwood Canyon, 30 mi from downtown Salt Lake City, Utah. It is owned by CNL Lifestyle Properties and operated by Boyne Resorts. Brighton Ski Resort was the first ski resort in Utah, and one of the first in the United States. Brighton was started in 1936 when members of the Alpine Ski Club built a rope tow from wire and an old elevator motor. The resort was named for Thomas W. Brighton, who is credited with constructing the first buildings in the area. Brighton claims to be a "no-frills" resort whose sole business is to provide skiers and snowboarders with top-notch trails. While it does provide lodging, dining, and shopping, the extent of the facilities does not make Brighton what is typically seen as a destination ski resort. Most Brighton skiers and riders are Utah locals. Most visitors do not stay at Brighton-run lodging; many visitors stay in the greater Salt Lake area, many of whom also plan trips to other area ski resorts. Vail Ski Resort is located in Eagle County, Colorado, next to the town of Vail. At 5289 acre , it is the 3rd largest single mountain ski resort in the United States behind Big Sky and Park City, featuring seven bowls and intermediate gladed terrain in Blue Sky Basin. It opened in 1962 and is currently owned and operated by Vail Resorts, which also operates three other ski resorts in the state (Breckenridge, Keystone, and Beaver Creek), Heavenly Ski Resort, Northstar at Tahoe, and Kirkwood Mountain Resort at Lake Tahoe, and Park City Mountain Resort in Park City, Utah. The Skitube Alpine Railway is an Australian standard gauge electric rack railway in the Kosciuszko National Park in New South Wales. It provides access to the snowfields at Blue Cow Mountain and the Perisher Valley. Mount Bachelor ski resort is a ski resort located in central Oregon, approximately 22 mi west of Bend, along the Century Drive Highway. The ski runs are on the northern face of Mount Bachelor, a stratovolcano built atop a volcanic shield in the Cascade Range. Since 2001, the ski area has been owned by Powdr Corporation of Park City, Utah. It is the largest ski resort (by area) by more than 1000 acre in Oregon, the second largest single-mountain ski resort in the U.S., behind Vail, and the sixth largest of all ski resorts in the nation. Crystal Mountain Resort was a small day-use ski area near West Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada. It has two chairlifts and one surface lift: a GMD Mueller doublechair, a Leitner-Poma triplechair, and a Doppelmayr T-bar. The ski area has 30 designated groomed runs and the resort also has many different tree trails and some glades. Despite the smaller size of the resort, which is considerably smaller than neighbouring resorts such as Big White Ski Resort and Silver Star Mountain Resort, the mountain is of good size and is a popular destination for both experienced and first-time skiers, snowboarders and snowshoers. Despite the lower elevation, the resort receives heavy snowfall each year with many powder days throughout the winter season. It was long known as Last Mountain Ski Resort but has since changed its name to Crystal Mountain Resort in 1992. Crystal Mountain Resort offers lessons for skiing and snowboarding as well as offering rentals for snowshoeing. It has not been in operation since 2014 due to a lift malfunction of the Blue doublechair. Blue Cow is a ski resort that is part of Perisher located in the Snowy Mountains of New South Wales, Australia, within the Snowy Monaro Regional Council. The resort is situated within the Kosciuszko National Park and is administered by the NSW National Parks & Wildlife Service. During winter months, the only access to the village is via the Skitube underground railway. In summer, access is via off-road only. Blue Cow is one of the four resort bases within Perisher, Australia's largest ski resort. Vail Resorts, Inc. runs four ski resorts in Colorado (Vail Ski Resort, Beaver Creek Resort, Keystone Resort, and Breckenridge Ski Resort), three in Lake Tahoe (Heavenly Mountain Resort, Kirkwood Mountain Resort, Northstar California), one in Utah (Park City Mountain Resort in Park City), one in Vermont (Stowe Mountain Resort), one in Minnesota (Afton Alps), one in Michigan (Mount Brighton), one in Wisconsin (Wilmot Mountain), one in New South Wales, Australia (Perisher Ski Resort), one in British Columbia (Whistler Blackcomb), and a summer resort in Wyoming. They also own luxury resort hotels throughout the world. The company trades on the New York Stock Exchange, symbol MTN. The company is headquartered in Broomfield, Colorado. [/INST] Answer: Australian Snowy Mountains </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question When did the nephew of John Alexander make his debut for Liverpool? Context General John Alexander Paul Macgregor (1780 – 5 March 1868), born John Alexander Paul, was an officer in the Bengal Army. The John Alexander Austin House is a historic house in Memphis, Tennessee, U.S.. It was built circa 1876 for John Alexander Austin, a veteran of the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War of 1861-1865, and a clothing retailer. It was designed in the Italianate architectural style. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since July 12, 1984. Henry Burney (27 February 1792 – 4 March 1845) was a British commercial traveller and diplomat for the British East India Company. His parents were Richard Thomas Burney (1768–1808), headmaster of the Orphan School at Kidderpore, and Jane Burney (1772–1842), and he was a nephew of the English writer Frances Burney (1752–1840). On 30 June 1818 at St. George's Church in George Town, Penang, Malaya, he married Janet Bannerman (1799–1865), with whom he had 13 children, eight of whom were still living at the time of his death. She was the niece of John Alexander Bannerman, who was governor of Penang in Malaya. The Northern Territories was an electronic music project from Sweden. It was started in Uppsala in 1992 by John Alexander Ericson (vocals, instruments and electronics) and Stefan Sääf (vocals and electronics). Musically this group centred on synthpop, their first two releases came on German label Machinery Records. Later their music became more guitar influenced. John Alexander Ericson started a solo career after their disbanding. William Edward Phillips was acting governor of the Prince of Wales' Island on three separate occasions; On the premature death of newly arrived Lieutenant-Governor Charles Andrew Bruce, Dec. 1810 till Archibald Seton arrived in 1811. On the premature death of Lieutenant-governor William Petrie in 1816 till the arrival of Colonel John Alexander Bannerman in 1817. On the premature death of Colonel John Alexander Bannerman in 1819 until he was appointed Lieutenant-governor in 1820. He served as Lieutenant-Governor of Prince of Wales' Island from 4 June 1820 to 30 August 1824. John Alexander Low Waddell (1854 – March 3, 1938, often shortened to J.A.L. Waddell and sometimes known as John Alexander Waddell) was an American civil engineer and prolific bridge designer, with more than a thousand structures to his credit in the United States, Canada, as well as Mexico, Russia, China, Japan, and New Zealand. Waddell’s work set standards for elevated railroad systems and helped develop materials suitable for large span bridges. His most important contribution was the development of the steam-powered high-lift bridge. His design was first used in 1893 for Chicago's South Halsted Street Lift-Bridge over the Chicago River; he went on to design more than 100 other movable bridges, and the company he founded continues to make movable bridges of various types. Waddell was a widely respected writer on bridge design, and an advocate of quality training of engineers. Many of Waddell's surviving bridges are now considered historic landmarks. Gregory Peter Stephen "Greg" Alexander (born 4 March 1965) is a former professional rugby league footballer of the 1980s and 90s who has since become a radio, television commentator and noted rugby league journalist. Originally a goal-kicking half-back, in his career he played for and captained the Penrith Panthers and the Auckland Warriors clubs and also represented his country and state on several occasions. Alexander's position for the majority of his career was at half-back, however early in his career – particularly in representative sides – he was moved to fullback. It was this ability to play different positions with great success that saw Alexander make both the 1986 and the 1990 Kangaroo Tours. John Alexander (born 5 October 1955) is an English former footballer who holds the post of club secretary at Manchester United. Born in Liverpool, Alexander began his football career with a club called Ulysses, before being picked up by Millwall, for whom he made his league debut in 1976. After scoring twice in 15 appearances over the course of two years with Millwall, he moved to Reading; he enjoyed greater success with Reading, scoring nine goals in 25 games. In 1981, he joined Northampton Town, but spent just one season with them before retiring from football at the age of 26 in 1982. Upon retiring from football, Alexander got a job with the BBC, but he later returned to football as club secretary at Watford. In 2000, he took up the same post at Tottenham Hotspur, spending 10 years there before applying for the same job at Manchester United, where he would replace the retiring Ken Ramsden. He took over at Manchester United on 1 July 2010. He is the uncle of Liverpool player Trent Alexander-Arnold. Lt-Col Donald Macpherson of Gaskmore and Kingston was an army officer who fought in the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and who raised a regiment of Clansmen from Scotland at his own expense to fight for Britain and Canada. His nephew was Sir John Alexander Macdonald, GCB, KCMG, PC, PC (Can) first Prime Minister of Canada and driving force behind Canadian Confederation Trent John Alexander-Arnold (born 7 October 1998) is an English professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Premier League club Liverpool. He is an academy graduate of Liverpool and made his senior debut for the club in 2016, aged 18. The following year, he won the club's Young Player of the Season award. He has also represented England at all youth levels from under-16 through to under-19. Due to the length of his name, his surname is shortened to Alexander for Premier League fixtures. [/INST] Answer: 2016 </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question which book was dedicvated to Gwyneth Moore Context The Fish is a 1918 poem by the American poet Marianne Moore. The poem was published in the August 1918 issue of "The Egoist". Moore's biographer, Linda Leavell, has described "The Fish" as "...one of Moore's best-loved and most mystifying poems" and that it is "Admired for its imagery and technical proficiency". The poem was later included in Moore's 1921 collection "Observations", where it appeared alongside "Reinforcements". The placing of the two poems in the book has been interpreted by critic John Slatin as a commentary by Moore on World War I, due to her brother's service as a chaplain in the United States Navy. Alan Moore's Hypothetical Lizard is a comic book adaptation of the World Fantasy Award-nominated short story "A Hypothetical Lizard", written in 1988 by Alan Moore for the third volume of the "Liavek "shared world fantasy series. The story was later reprinted in "Words Without Pictures", a 1990 book of prose stories by comics writers edited by Steve Niles, but then went out of print. In 2004 Avatar Press published the first issue of "Alan Moore's Hypothetical Lizard" as a comic book adapted by writer Antony Johnston. "Kid" Prince Moore was an American blues musician, from the United States, who recorded 17 songs from 1936 to 1938. Moore played in a Piedmont blues style, similar to that of Blind Blake. Moore also recorded two Gospel Music tracks, "Church Bells" and "Sign of Judgement". Moore also accompanied blues pianist Shorty Bob Parker on six of his own tracks. Bruce Bastin, in his book ""Red River Blues: The Blues Tradition in the Southeast"", suggests that Moore may have originated from The Carolinas, but as of 2017 there is no documented knowledge of Moore's life. Who Is Jake Ellis? is an American espionage comic book published in 2011. Written by Nathan Edmondson with art by Tonci Zonjic, it is published by Image Comics. The story follows Jon Moore, a former analyst for the Central Intelligence Agency. Several years before, Moore had escaped from an illegal laboratory where he had been subject to various experiments related to remote viewing. The experiments resulted in Moore seeing Jake Ellis, a ghostly figure with extensive knowledge of espionage tradecraft. With Jake providing tactical advice, Moore has become a successful criminal in Western Europe, all the time trying to avoid the Americans who he believes were responsible for his imprisonment. When a job in Barcelona goes wrong, Moore comes under renewed scrutiny from law enforcement, the Americans, and the people who imprisoned him. At Jake's suggestion, Moore locates the facility which he was held at in Marrakech, Morocco. Jake believes that the facility will help him uncover his own origins. Moore infiltrates the facility and discovers files on both him and Jake, who he now realizes was a separate person all along. As they penetrate deeper into the complex, Jake becomes more confused and eventually disappears. Moore soon finds Jake's body, hooked up to life support machines. A doctor informs him that he and Jake were their most successful subjects and that they have been observing Moore since his escape. Moore manages to escape the facility with Jake in tow and delivers the unconscious body to the American embassy. Playing With the Enemy by Gary W. Moore is a book about Gene Moore, the author's father, whose professional baseball career with the Brooklyn Dodgers was interrupted by World War II. The title comes from the elder Moore's time as a guard in a top-secret prisoner of war camp that was holding the crew of a "U-boat 505", a captured German submarine. The book was the winner of the 2006 Military Writer's Society of America Book of the Year. Patricia Valeria Bannister, (born November 21, 1923 in London, England; died November 18, 2009 in Bellevue, Washington, USA) was a writer of historical romance fiction from 1978 until 2002. She wrote under the names Patricia Veryan and Gwyneth Moore. American director, screenwriter, and producer Paul Thomas Anderson has directed seven feature-length films, five short films, twelve music videos, one documentary, one television episode as a guest segment director, and one theatrical play. He made his directorial debut with the mockumentary short film "The Dirk Diggler Story" (1988), at the age of 18, about a pornographic actor in the 1970s. Anderson followed it five years later with another short film, "Cigarettes & Coffee" in 1993. In 1996, Anderson wrote and directed the neo-noir crime thriller "Hard Eight", starring Philip Baker Hall, John C. Reilly, Gwyneth Paltrow, and Samuel L. Jackson. The film was well received, with film critic Roger Ebert saying of it in his review, "Movies like "Hard Eight" remind me of what original, compelling characters the movies can sometimes give us." Using the basis of "The Dirk Diggler Story", Anderson wrote and directed an expansion of the film entitled "Boogie Nights" in 1997. The film starred Mark Wahlberg as Eddie Adams/"Dirk Diggler" during the Golden Age of Porn in the 1970s and his eventual downfall in the 1980s. "Boogie Nights" received acclaim from critics and was a commercial success; at the 70th Academy Awards ceremony, the film was nominated for three Academy Awards, including for Best Supporting Actor (Burt Reynolds), Best Supporting Actress (Julianne Moore) and Best Original Screenplay. A Company of Swans is a historical romance novel published in 1985 by Eva Ibbotson. The book is dedicated to Patricia Veryan. Critically well received, the young adult novel is starting to be obliquely referred to in reviews, as reviewers attempt to compliment a new work by comparing it to another, better established work. Manufacturing Dissent: Uncovering Michael Moore is a 2007 documentary film. It asserts that filmmaker Michael Moore has used misleading tactics, primarily using on-camera statements by interviewees with personal grievances against Moore as proof. The documentary attempts to expose what the creators say are Moore's misleading tactics and mimics Moore's style of small documentary makers seeking and badgering their target for an interview to receive answers to their charges. The film was made over the course of two years by Canadians Debbie Melnyk and Rick Caine after they viewed "Fahrenheit 9/11", Moore's controversial film that attacked the Bush administration and its policies. Melnyk and Caine have stated that when they first sought to make a film about Moore, they held great admiration for what he had done for the documentary genre and set out to make a biography of him. During the course of their research, they became disenchanted with Moore's tactics. The title is a parody of the book "" by Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky, and the . In June 2007, Liberation Entertainment Inc. signed an exclusive deal with the filmmakers for all video and theatrical rights in the US & UK. "If They Come in the Morning" is the original title of the better known song "No Time For Love." It was recorded by Moving Hearts for their 1981 album, and has also been recorded by a solo Christy Moore. It was written by American singer/songwriter Jack Warshaw in 1976. The title was borrowed from the book of the same title by Angela Davis, rephrasing the closing line of James Baldwin's letter to her of November 19, 1970: "...if they take you in the morning, they will be coming for us that night." From its first line the song attacks unjust law in the forms of "apartheid, internment, conscription, partition and silence..." with references to places prominent in the news at the time: Boston, Chicago, Saigon, Santiago (Chile), Cape Town and Belfast. Warshaw had visited Belfast on a research project and knew fellow Belfast/Derry songwriters The People of No Property whose recording was to be the source of Moore's version. To Moore and Irish opposition to partition and, as they see it, British occupation of Northern Ireland, it was a freedom anthem. Moore varied the song's first line, slipping in "we call it" after "They call it the law..." so that its meaning is unmistakable. He also entered Irish hunger striker Bobby Sands into the fourth stanza after Huey Newton and Bobby Seale in place of "the Panthers," giving the song greater traction through Sands' martyrdom. [/INST] Answer: A Company of Swans </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question What building near the Museum of Fine Arts rail stop houses significant European, Asian, and American works? Context The Jordan National Gallery of Fine Arts is a major contemporary art museum located in Amman, Jordan. The Official inauguration of the Jordan National Gallery of Fine Arts (JNGFA) was held under the patronage of His Majesty the late King Hussein and Her Majesty Queen Noor Al Hussein and was Established in by the Royal Society of Fine Arts, the museum's permanent collection " comprises over 2000 works including paintings, prints, sculptures, prints, sculptures, photographs, installations, weavings, and ceramics by more than 800 artists from 59 countries mainly in Asia and Africa." Museum of Fine Arts is a surface-level light rail stop on the MBTA Green Line "E" Branch, located the median of Huntington Avenue in Boston, Massachusetts, between Museum Road and Ruggles Street. The station is named after the adjacent Museum of Fine Arts, although it also provides access to Northeastern University, Wentworth Institute of Technology, and the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum. Museum of Fine Arts station is fully handicapped accessible. The Vietnam National Museum of Fine Arts (Vietnamese: "Viện Bảo tàng Mỹ thuật Việt Nam" ; Hán tự: 院寶藏美術越南 ) is located in Hanoi, Vietnam. It is a museum showcasing Vietnam's fine arts from a range of historical periods. It is the country's primary art museum, the second being the smaller Ho Chi Minh City Museum of Fine Arts. The Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum (called Fenway Court during Isabella Stewart Gardner's lifetime) is a museum in the Fenway-Kenmore neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, located within walking distance of the Museum of Fine Arts (although the Museum of Fine Arts's Huntington Avenue location was constructed after Fenway Court) and near the Back Bay Fens. The museum houses an art collection of world importance, including significant examples of European, Asian, and American art, from paintings and sculpture to tapestries and decorative arts. The San Diego Museum of Art is a fine arts museum located at 1450 El Prado in Balboa Park in San Diego, California that houses a broad collection with particular strength in Spanish art. The San Diego Museum of Art opened as The Fine Arts Gallery of San Diego on February 28, 1926, and changed its name to the San Diego Museum of Art in 1978. The official Balboa Park website calls the San Diego Museum of Art "the region's oldest and largest art museum". Nearly half a million people visit the museum each year. Sarah Hobbs is an American born artist in Lynchburg, Virginia in 1970. Hobbs got her Bachelor of Fine Arts in art history at University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia in 1992 and her Master of Fine Arts degree in photography in 2000 at the University of Georgia as well. Currently she is living and working in Atlanta. In 2003 she was a finalist for an award known as the Forward Arts Foundation Emerging Artist Award. Her work has been exhibited in important public collections such as the Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; The Brooklyn Museum of Art, Brooklyn, New York; Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles, California; and the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Texas, her work has been traveling since 1998. Hobbs creates the psychological still lives/states and photographs them as large scale color images. Her photos are taken on a 4x5 camera as seen in the series "Small Problems in Living" (1999-2004). These scenes are set up in Hobb's home or a close friends, they are made to be dreamlike. "Sarah Hobbs’s work explores and gives form to various human behaviors and compulsions. She carefully stages and photographs scenes that are meant to embody phobias, neuroses, and obsessions. Her intricate tableaus are simultaneously profound and witty, reflecting Hobbs’s understanding of human psychology." - Katherine A. Bussard, Assistant Curator of Photography at The Art Institute of Chicago. Formerly known as the Gibbes Art Gallery, the Gibbes Museum of Art is an art museum in Charleston, South Carolina. Established as the Carolina Art Association in 1858, the museum moved into a new Beaux Arts building at 135 Meeting Street, in the Charleston Historic District, in 1905. The Gibbes houses a premier collection of over 10,000 works of fine art, principally American works, many with a connection to Charleston or the South. The School of the Museum of Fine Arts at Tufts (also known as the Museum School or SMFA at Tufts; formerly the School of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston) is one of the schools that comprise Tufts University, located in Boston, Massachusetts. The school offers undergraduate and graduate degrees dedicated to the visual arts. It is affiliated with the Museum of Fine Arts. SMFA is also a member of the Association of Independent Colleges of Art and Design (AICAD), a consortium of several dozen leading art schools in the United States. Julia Benites Arriola (born 1952) is a Mexican-Mescalero-American sculptor and curator. Born in Tucson, Arizona to a military family, Arriola studied music at the University of Arizona before joining the United States Navy. After leaving the Navy she spent several years working in manufacturing, building missiles and other high-technology devices. In 1992 she was awarded a Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) by the University of Arizona, and in 1996 a Masters of Fine Arts. In 1994 she was awarded a Graduate Fellowship by the University of Arizona, along with the Rutgers Purchase Award at the Works on Paper Exhibition and a Museum Purchase Award from the Hoyt Institute of Fine Arts. The Kaohsiung Museum of Fine Arts () is located in Gushan District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. It was founded by the Kaohsiung City Government and has been administrated by the Kaohsiung Bureau of Cultural Affairs since 2003. It occupies about 8.15 acre and started in 1994. It is the third public arts museum in Taiwan, after the National Taiwan Museum of Fine Arts and the Taipei Fine Arts Museum. [/INST] Answer: Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum </s>
<s> [INST] Given the following context, answer the question as accurately as possible. Just output the concise answer: Question When was the English rapper, singer and songwriter who sang "Later" born Context Asher D is an English rapper who was part of a successful partnership with reggae artist Daddy Freddy. His name was later used by another English rapper. Patrick Chukwuemeka Okogwu (born 7 November 1988), better known by his stage name Tinie Tempah, is an English rapper, singer and songwriter. He has been signed to Parlophone Records since 2009, a subsidiary of Warner Music Group. He created his own record and fashion label Disturbing London Records in 2007 along with his cousin, Dumi Oburota. Shakeel Warner (born 1987), better known as Redzz, is an English rapper, record producer, singer, songwriter, actor & DJ. He first came to fame through a series of independent single releases such as Magic Magic featuring (LZ7) singer Soul Nana, Bad Enough featuring West Coast Hip Hop artists Shade Sheist, TQ & Young Noble of The Outlawz, Kyla, Hot Sauce, Puppet Master featuring Sway, Tables Turn featuring Leddra Chapman & Through The Eyes which went number 1 in The Official International Independent Charts. All of his singles gained national TV & radio support on stations such as Flava TV, KISS TV, BBC Radio 1, Choice FM, Massive R&B, Sky Sports, Soccer AM, PlayStation, VidZone, Sub TV, Channel AKA as well as acting in Channel 4 and MTV Base series Dubplate Drama playing a gang member. "Go In, Go Hard" is a song by Singer/songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and record producer Angel featuring vocals from English rapper and former Grime MC Wretch 32. It was released on 18 March 2012 as the lead single from his debut studio album "About Time" (2013). The song has peaked to number 41 on the UK Singles Chart and number 14 on the UK R&B Chart. Elliot John Gleave (born 20 June 1982), better known by his stage name Example, is an English rapper, singer, songwriter and record producer signed to Epic Records and Sony Music. He has also acted in numerous movies. His name arose due to his initials being E.G., which is an abbreviation of the Latin phrase "exempli gratia" ("for example"). Niomi Arleen McLean-Daley (born 26 April 1981), better known as Ms. Dynamite, is an English rapper, singer, songwriter and record producer. She is the recipient of the Mercury Music Prize, two Brit Awards and three MOBO Awards. Richard Abidin Breen (born 29 June 1979), better known as Abz Love, is an English rapper, singer, songwriter, DJ, producer and TV personality. Love has sold over 20 million records as a member and the lead singer of Simon Cowell's boy band Five. In 2003, Love released his debut solo album "Abstract Theory", which earned him a further three top ten hits. After years out of the spotlight, Love returned to screens on ITV2's "The Big Reunion" in 2012. In 2013 he appeared on "All Star Mr & Mrs" and became the runner-up for Channel 5's "Celebrity Big Brother 12". In 2015, Love starred in BBC Two's documentary series "Country Strife: Abz on the Farm", followed by a Christmas special titled "Country Strife: Abz on the Christmas Farm". In January 2016, Abz released his first solo single in over a decade, a comedy track called "Cockadoodledoo" with the hope of raising money for his farming project. "How Love Begins" is a single by English drum and bass producer DJ Fresh and Welsh drum and bass DJ and producer High Contrast featuring vocals from English rapper, songwriter, singer, and record producer Dizzee Rascal and uncredited vocals from Clare Maguire. The song was released as a digital download on 5 February 2016 through Ministry of Sound as the seventh single from Fresh's forthcoming fourth studio album. The song peaked to number 53 on the UK Singles Chart. The song was written by Dizzee Rascal, Dan Stein, Clare Maguire and Lincoln J. Barrett. Jordan Henderson-Quartey (born 18 April 1994), better known by his stage name Jordan Angel Henderson, is an English rapper, singer, songwriter, and producer from Pinner, Greater London. He gained recognition for his work with former Shady Records rapper Cashis. "Later" is a song by British recording artist Example. It was released as the second single from his upcoming sixth studio album, on 12 August 2016. The song was written and produced by Example himself with the collaboration of Andy Sheldrake and Kai Kai Smith. [/INST] Answer: 20 June 1982 </s>

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