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On which river is the Cabora Bassa dam situated? | Cahora Bassa | dam and hydroelectric facility, Mozambique | Britannica.com dam and hydroelectric facility, Mozambique Written By: Alternative Titles: Cabora Bassa, Cabora Bassa Dam, Cahora Bassa Dam, Hidroeléctrica de Cabora Bassa Similar Topics Aswan High Dam Cahora Bassa, also spelled Cabora Bassa, arch dam and hydroelectric facility on the Zambezi River in western Mozambique . The dam, located about 80 miles (125 km) northwest of Tete, is 560 feet (171 m) high and 994 feet (303 m) wide at the crest. It has a volume of 667,000,000 cubic yards (510,000,000 cubic m). The dam impounds Lake Cahora Bassa , which is 150 miles (240 km) long and 19 miles (31 km) wide at its widest point. The lake has a capacity of 51,075,000 acre-feet (63,000,000,000 cubic m) and extends to the Zambia-Mozambique border. The dam was built by a consortium of Portuguese, German, British, and South African companies; construction of the dam began in 1969 and was completed in 1974. The last of five 425-megawatt generators was installed in 1979. Cahora Bassa dam supplies power primarily to South Africa over an 870-mile- (1,400-kilometre-) long, dual 530-kilowatt transmission line and also to Maputo, Tete, and the Moatize coal mines near the town of Tete. Power transmission to South Africa was interrupted during the Mozambican civil war but resumed during the mid-1990s. The Companhia Hidroeléctrica de Cahora Bassa was owned by Portugal until 1992. Learn More in these related articles: |
Cuba and Jamaica are part of which group of West Indian islands? | Geography GEOGRAPHY OF JAMAICA The islands of the Caribbean look like stepping stones stretching in an arc from the western end of Venezuela in South America to the peninsula of Florida in North America. The Caribbean islands are divided into two groups: The Greater Antilles: Forming the northern part of the arc are four large islands, Cuba, Hispaniola (made up of Haiti and the Dominican Republic), Jamaica and Puerto Rico. The Lesser Antilles: The eastern end of the arc consists of the smaller islands which together form the Lesser Antilles. These include the West Indian islands of St. Kitts, Nevis, Anguilla, Antigua, Montserrat (this group is called the Leeward Islands), Grenada, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Dominica (This group is called the Windward Islands), Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago and the French islands of Martinique and Guadeloupe. The islands vary widely in size, ranging from Cuba and Hispaniola, by far the largest, to the tiny islands of the Grenadines. Those which have English as their official language and are members of the Commonwealth are usually referred to as the West Indies. The body of water bounded by these islands and the northern coast of South America is the Caribbean Sea Almost at the centre of the Caribbean Sea, Jamaica lies 150 kilometres (90 miles) south of Cuba and 160 kilometres (100 miles) west of Haiti, the two nearest countries. The closest point to Jamaica in South America is Cartagena in Colombia, a distance of 710 kilometres (445 miles) almost due south The latitude and longitude of the capital, Kingston, are about 18 degrees N and 78 degrees W. Jamaica is the largest of the English Speaking West Indian islands. It has an area of 11,424 square kilometres (4,411 square miles), more than twice the area of Trinidad, which is next in size, and measures 243 kilometres (146 miles) from east to west. Its greatest width is 80 kilometres (51 miles), from St. Ann's Bay to Portland Point. The distance from Kingston to the nearest point on the north coast, Annotto Bay, is 36 kilometres (22 miles). Jamaica is centrally situated in the Caribbean Zone. It lies on the direct sea routes from the United States of America and Europe to the Panama Canal. ORIGIN OF THE ISLAND Jamaica belongs to the Central American region of the Western Hemisphere. The West Indian islands are actually the summits of a submarine range of mountains which in prehistoric times perhaps formed one large land mass connecting Central America to Venezuela in South America. During the ages, vast changes took place in this region of the earth's crust. The land subsided beneath the sea. When it rose again only the highest parts of it appeared above the surface of the sea. These formed the Caribbean islands, which have remained separate and distinct islands ever since. A close examination of the structure of the islands shows that there is a single mountain range in Puerto Rico which may be regarded as the centre of the submarine system. This range runs into Haiti, where it divides into three separate branches connected by submarine ridges. The northern branch passes through the north of Cuba as the Organos Mountains, and then into the Peninsula of Yucatan. The central branch passes into southern Cuba as the Sierra Maestra and continues under the sea into Central America. The south range passes through Jamaica, forming the Blue Mountains, the central mountain range of the island, and continues into Honduras. East of Puerto Rico the main chain divides itself, forming an inner chain and an outer chain of islands. The inner chain includes St. Lucia, St. Vincent and Grenada. The other chain can be traced through the Virgin Islands, Antigua, Barbados, Tobago and northern Trinidad, continuing into the South American Continent as the coastal mountains of Venezuela. DESCRIPTION Christopher Columbus's thoughts as he first set eyes on Jamaica while his fleet steered for St. Ann's Bay on his second voyage of discovery to the New World in 1494, are com-municated to us by the Spanish historian Andres |
Who was the expedition leader when Edmund Hillary became the first person to climb Mount Everest? | Hillary and Norgay Were the First to Climb Mt. Everest By Jennifer Rosenberg Updated March 29, 2016. After years of dreaming about it and seven weeks of climbing, New Zealander Edmund Hillary and Nepalese Tenzing Norgay reached the top of Mount Everest , the highest mountain in the world, at 11:30 a.m. on May 29, 1953. They were the first people to ever reach the summit of Mount Everest. Earlier Attempts to Climb Mt. Everest Mount Everest had long been considered unclimbable by some and the ultimate climbing challenge by others. Soaring in height to 29,035 feet (8,850 m), the famous mountain is located in the Himalayas, along the border of Nepal and Tibet, China. Before Hillary and Tenzing successfully reached the summit, two other expeditions got close. Most famous of these was the 1924 climb of George Leigh Mallory and Andrew "Sandy" Irvine. They climbed Mount Everest at a time when the aid of compressed air was still new and controversial. The pair of climbers was last seen still going strong at the Second Step (about 28,140 - 28,300 ft). continue reading below our video Profile of Tenzing Norgay Many people still wonder if Mallory and Irvine might have been the first to make it to the top of Mount Everest. However, since the two men did not make it back down the mountain alive, perhaps we'll never know for sure. The Dangers of Climbing the Highest Mountain in the World Mallory and Irvine certainly were not the last to die upon the mountain. Climbing Mount Everest is extremely dangerous. Besides the freezing weather (which puts climbers at risk for extreme frostbite) and the obvious potential for long falls from cliffs and into deep crevasses, climbers of Mount Everest suffer from the effects of the extreme high altitude, often called "mountain sickness." The high altitude prevents the human body from getting enough oxygen to the brain, causing hypoxia. Any climber who climbs above 8,000 feet could get mountain sickness and the higher they climb, the more severe the symptoms may become. Most climbers of Mount Everest at least suffer from headaches, cloudiness of thought, lack of sleep, loss of appetite, and fatigue. And some, if not acclimated correctly, could show the more acute signs of altitude sickness, which includes dementia, trouble walking, lack of physical coordination, delusions, and coma. To prevent the acute symptoms of altitude sickness, climbers of Mount Everest spend a lot of their time slowly acclimating their bodies to the increasingly high altitudes. This is why it can take climbers many weeks to climb Mt. Everest. Food and Supplies In addition to humans, not many creatures or plants can live in high altitudes either. For this reason, food sources for climbers of Mt. Everest are relatively nonexistent. So, in preparation for their climb, climbers and their teams must plan, purchase, and then carry all of their food and supplies with them up the mountain. Most teams hire Sherpas to help carry their supplies up the mountain. (The Sherpa are a previously nomadic people who live near Mt. Everest and who have the unusual ability of being able to quickly physically adapt to higher altitudes.) Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay Go Up the Mountain Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay were part of the British Everest Expedition, 1953, led by Colonel John Hunt. Hunt had selected a team of people who were experienced climbers from all around the British Empire . Among the eleven chosen climbers, Edmund Hillary was selected as a climber from New Zealand and Tenzing Norgay, though born a Sherpa, was recruited from his home in India. Also along for the trip was a filmmaker to document their progress and a writer for The Times, both were there in the hopes of documenting a successful climb to the summit. Very importantly, a physiologist rounded out the team. After months of planning and organizing, the expedition began to climb. On their way up, the team established nine camps, some of which are still used by climbers today. Out of all the climbers on the expedition, only four would get a chance to make an attempt to r |
In the Christian church in Britain, which feat day falls on the first Thursday after Trinity Sunday? | Corpus Christi in United Kingdom Home Calendar Holidays United Kingdom Corpus Christi Corpus Christi in United Kingdom Many Christians in the United Kingdom, especially those of Roman Catholic faith, observe Corpus Christi in honor of the Holy Eucharist. It is also known as the Feast of the Most Holy Body of Christ, as well as the Day of Wreaths. Hands holding a Communion wafer Communion wafers are usually offered at a church service during Corpus Christi. ©iStockphoto.com/MKucova What Do People Do? Corpus Christi is mainly celebrated in the Roman Catholic Church, but it is also observed in a few Anglican churches in the United Kingdom. Many Christians, particularly those who belong to the Catholic denomination, receive Communion on this day. Some people, particularly children, receive their first Communion during Corpus Christi. This practice, also known as the Eucharist, involves people accepting consecrated bread and wine (or grape juice), which according to Christian faith are Jesus Christ’s body and blood. Corpus Christi usually falls on the Thursday after Trinity Sunday although some churches may celebrate it on the Sunday after Trinity Sunday. The town of Arundel, in south-east England, has celebrated the feast of Corpus Christi for more than a century. Celebrations include a festival of flowers, which features a carpet of flowers in the Cathedral’s central aisle. The flowers are usually open to the public. The festival also includes a mass and a Blessed Sacrament procession from the cathedral to the town’s castle. Public Life |
Which scale is used to measure the intensity, not the magnitude, of earthquakes? | How Are Earthquake Magnitudes Measured? How Are Earthquake Magnitudes Measured? The Richter Scale Figure 1 - Charles Richter studying a seismogram. There are a number of ways to measure the magnitude of an earthquake. The first widely-used method, the Richter scale, was developed by Charles F. Richter in 1934. It used a formula based on amplitude of the largest wave recorded on a specific type of seismometer and the distance between the earthquake and the seismometer. That scale was specific to California earthquakes; other scales, based on wave amplitudes and total earthquake duration, were developed for use in other situations and they were designed to be consistent with Richter’s scale. The Moment Magnitude Scale Unfortunately, many scales, such as the Richter scale, do not provide accurate estimates for large magnitude earthquakes. Today the moment magnitude scale, abbreviated MW, is preferred because it works over a wider range of earthquake sizes and is applicable globally. The moment magnitude scale is based on the total moment release of the earthquake. Moment is a product of the distance a fault moved and the force required to move it. It is derived from modeling recordings of the earthquake at multiple stations. Moment magnitude estimates are about the same as Richter magnitudes for small to large earthquakes. But only the moment magnitude scale is capable of measuring M8 (read ‘magnitude 8’) and greater events accurately. Magnitudes are based on a logarithmic scale (base 10). What this means is that for each whole number you go up on the magnitude scale, the amplitude of the ground motion recorded by a seismograph goes up ten times. Using this scale, a magnitude 5 earthquake would result in ten times the level of ground shaking as a magnitude 4 earthquake (and 32 times as much energy would be released). To give you an idea how these numbers can add up, think of it in terms of the energy released by explosives: a magnitude 1 seismic wave releases as much energy as blowing up 6 ounces of TNT. A magnitude 8 earthquake releases as much energy as detonating 6 million tons of TNT. Pretty impressive, huh? Fortunately, most of the earthquakes that occur each year are magnitude 2.5 or less, too small to be felt by most people. Magnitude scales can be used to desribe earthquakes so small that they are expressed in negative numbers. The scale also has no upper limit, so it can describe earthquakes of unimaginable and (so far) unexperienced intensity, such as magnitude 10.0 and beyond. Here's a table describing the magnitudes of earthquakes, their effects, and the estimated number of those earthquakes that occur each year. The Mercalli Scale Figure 2 - Giuseppe Mercalli Another way to measure the strength of an earthquake is to use the Mercalli scale. Invented by Giuseppe Mercalli in 1902, this scale uses the observations of the people who experienced the earthquake to estimate its intensity. The Mercalli scale isn't considered as scientific as the Richter scale, though. Some witnesses of the earthquake might exaggerate just how bad things were during the earthquake and you may not find two witnesses who agree on what happened; everybody will say something different. The amount of damage caused by the earthquake may not accurately record how strong it was either. Some things that affect the amount of damage that occurs are: the building designs, the distance from the epicenter, and the type of surface material (rock or dirt) the buildings rest on. Different building designs hold up differently in an earthquake and the further you are from the earthquake, the less damage you'll usually see. Whether a building is built on solid rock or sand makes a big difference in how much damage it takes. Solid rock usually shakes less than sand, so a building built on top of solid rock shouldn't be as damaged as it might if it was sitting on a sandy lot. |
Who is credited with being the first Archbishop of Canterbury? | Archbishop of Canterbury - OrthodoxWiki Archbishop of Canterbury Jump to: navigation , search The Archbishop of Canterbury is "the primate of all England" within the Church of England and the spiritual head of the Anglican Communion . His see is at Canterbury Cathedral in Kent, England and his residence is Lambeth Palace in London. Contents 5 External link The current archbishop The current Archbishop of Canterbury is the Right Honorable and Most Reverend Justin Welby, 105th holder of the Chair of St. Augustine of Canterbury . The previous archbishop Rowan Douglas Williams was born in Wales on June 14 , 1950. He studied theology at Christ's College of Cambridge University where he doctoral work on the Russian Orthodox Church and particularly the thought of Vladimir Lossky . For some years he was a professor of theology at Oxford University. In 1992 he was elevated to Anglican Bishop of Monmouth, and then in 2000 he was made Anglican Archbishop of Wales. In 2002 he was elevated to Archbishop of Canterbury, from which he retired in 2012. A prolific writer, Dr. Williams has published books in theology, spirituality, Christian history and poetry. Of particular interest to Orthodox Christians might be two books of meditations on icons , entitled The Dwelling of the Light: Praying With Icons of Christ ( ISBN 0802827780 ) and Ponder These Things: Praying With Icons of the Virgin ( ISBN 1580511244 ). He is also the editor of the book Sergii Bulgakov: Towards a Russian Political Theology ( ISBN 056708650X ). History Christianity reached England by the middle of the second century. As St. Bede relates in his Ecclesiastical History of the English People , in 156 a British King by the name of Lucius wrote to Eleutherus, bishop of Rome, asking to be made a Christian. (Bk 1, Chap 4) With the work of missionaries throughout the first few centuries AD, Christianity spread and took root. In 596 Pope Gregory the Great decided to send a mission to the Anglo-Saxons in the British Isles. He chose a to send a group of Benedictine monks, under the leadership of St. Augustine of Canterbury (not to be confused with Augustine of Hippo ). Augustine and his fellow monks arrived in Kent in 597 and eventually a see city was set up in Canterbury, Augustine being the first Archbishop. It is said that that when they arrived they were "carrying a silver cross and an image of Jesus Christ painted on a board, which thus became, so far as we know, 'Canterbury's first icon .'" (Lesser Feasts and Fasts, p. 252) With Augustine and those who came after him, the British Isles were slowly put under the authority of the Church of Rome. As with the rest of the Western Church, this authority increased over the next 500 years. Up until the time of the Anglican Reformation, the Archbishop of Canterbury was an appointee of the Bishop of Rome . Thus, at the time of the Great Schism the Church in England went along with the Western side of the break, accepting Papal supremacy and the Filioque . In the 16th century, England, influenced both by political factors and the Continental Reformation, broke away from Rome and became an independent Church. Thus, the list of successive Archbishops of Canterbury, can be categorized according to three groups: Orthodox Archbishops, Roman Catholic Archbishops and Reformation Archbishops (see below). Archbishops of Canterbury throughout history Orthodox Archbishops of Canterbury |
What is the name of the national UK charity that was founded by Sir Arthur Pearson in 1915 to help blind ex- servicemen and women? | Timeline of blind veterans uk We leave Church Stretton and return to Brighton. 1948 Our administrative headquarters moves to 191 Old Marylebone Road, London. 1952 Her Majesty the Queen becomes our Patron. This role was initially taken on by her great-grandmother Queen Alexandra soon after we were founded. 1965 We collaborate with institutions in the United States on the development of the new ‘long cane’ walking stick and with the RNIB on its introduction in this country 1976 Tony Parkinson and Ray Peart are the first of our blind veterans to compete in the Paralympic Games (then known as the 'Olympiad for the Physically Disabled'), held in Toronto, Canada. 1979 Together with the RNIB, we evaluate the Kurzweil - the first reading machine to instantly convert print into speech. 1984 We move headquarters to our current location in Harcourt Street, London. 1985 HM The Queen visits our Brighton centre to open the new South Wing. This provides additional facilities and extra accommodation for our blind veterans and their partners. 2000 We change our constitution, expanding to allow all veterans who have lost their sight to join us, irrespective of when and how this occurred. 2004 Ray Hazan, who was blinded whilst serving in Northern Ireland, is elected as our President. Ray continues to hold this position and in 2012 was awarded the OBE for his services to the blind ex-service community. 2005 We open a new centre in Sheffield, enabling rehabilitation and training to be provided more accessibly for those of our blind veterans living in the north of the country. 2009 Henry Allingham, the world's oldest man, who had joined us in 2005, dies peacefully at our Brighton centre at the age of 113. The funeral is held with full military honours at St Nicholas Church, Brighton. 2011 We open another new centre, at Llandudno in north Wales. 2012 We change name to Blind Veterans UK, to help more people understand who we are and what we do. We also launched our No One Alone campaign, to reach out to new blind veterans in need of our support. 2013 Our Brighton centre celebrates its 75th anniversary with many special events. 2015 We celebrate our 100th anniversary with special events including a Buckingham Palace Garden Party and a service at Westminster Abbey Explore |
Which is Britain's oldest public museum? | The Ashmolean - The World's Oldest Museum in Oxford What is the Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology: The Ashmolean is the UK's oldest museum open to the public. It is also part of Oxford University and museum staff and collections are often incorporated in the univeristy's degree courses. The Ashmolean is named after Elias Ashmole, a seventeenth century collector of antiquities, who gave his collections to the museum on condition that they be housed in a custom built museum. The museum, as it exists today, is the product of a 1908 merger of the original Ashmolean with an even older institution, The University Art Collection, which was founded in 1620 as a collection of portraits and curiosities displayed in the University's Bodleian Library . A Cabinet of Curiosities: As was often the case in the 17th to the early 19th centuries, collectors of antiquities amassed objects of curiosity in a relatively random, though fascinating way. Some of those kinds of objects are still displayed at the Ashmolean. continue reading below our video Before Your Road Trip, Watch This So, for example, visitors can see the lantern Guy Fawkes was carrying on his way to blow up Parliament in 1605 and a sword which may have been given to Henry VIII by the Pope - before he decided to divorce and break away from the Church, no doubt. The museum also exhibits a Stradivarius violin known as the "Messiah",one of the most famous Stradivari in existence. It is not called the Messiah because it is in any way miraculous, but simply because one of its owners in the 19th century often boasted about it but never showed it. A friend commented that it was like the Messiah, "always promised but never appearing." The violin is never played but forms part of the university's study collection. The "dickhead" Plate and Other Treasures of the Ashmolean: Also among the eccentric treasures of the Ashmolean are: Powhatan's deerskin mantle. Powhatan was Pocahontas' father. The Alfred Jewel, an Anglo Saxon ornament of gold, enamel and rock crystal. An Anglo Saxon inscription on the jewel says "Alfred ordered me to be made," indicating an association with King Alfred the Great. Drawings by Michaelangelo , Raphael and Rembrandt Several other old master paintings A striking sculptured bust of Sir Christopher Wren , credited to a sculptor in his studio and most likely done from life. The Jericho Skull, a 10,000 year old representation of the human form and one of the oldest ever found. A Renaissance dirty joke in Maiolica. The pottery plate, painted by Francesco Urbini, is decorated with a head composed entirely of penises, an inscription on the plate says "Every man looks at me as if I were a head of dicks" Astonishing to realise that particular vulgarity has a history that goes back almost 500 years. The plate, painted between 1530 and 1537, it is said to be a satirical comment on the sexual explicitness of many of the writers of the period. The Ashmolean Transformed: In 2009, the Ashmolean reopened to the public after undergoing a £61 million renovation. The transformation involved creating an entirely new, five story building within the Ashmolean's historic facade. The new building has given the Ashmolean 100% more exhibition space and has turned it from a fusty institution, academic in a very old fashioned sense, to an exciting contemporary museum, capable of showing off its world famous collections to a modern audience. Today's visitors can explore 39 new galleries, learning about the history of civilizations through time, east and west. The renovations did not simply create a new look museum but a virtually new museum. When it was reopened by the Queen in 2009, Christopher Brown, the museum's director, told the BBC, "From the outset, our ambition has been to create not just an improved and expanded version of Britain's oldest public museum, but something significantly different in kind: A new way of showcasing the Ashmolean's remarkable collections, for the benefit of the widest possible audience." If you are planning a visit to Oxford or the nearby a |
Which opera does the famous aria 'Nessun Dorma' come from? | Turandot | The Opera 101 The Opera 101 Fill out the fields below to contact us! Your name * Quiz About Turandot is Puccini’s final opera (unfinished at his death) and perhaps as a result, it is by far and away his most musically adventurous. As in Madama Butterfly , the score is filled with Asian touches, the percussion section in particular packed with gongs and various tuned instruments (xylophones, glockenspiels and the like). It is still, however, an Italian opera with the outrageously titled Ping, Pang and Pong a spin on classic Commedia dell’arte characters. Turandot at the Royal Opera House It’s an opera that blends epic chorus passages with some brilliantly intimate moments. Indeed the chorus plays a much more significant role than in Puccini’s other operas, acting as an onstage witness to well over half of the action. The opening is a powerful series of five chords, said to musically depict an executioner’s axe falling, and that hair-raising effect is spectacularly well maintained throughout. The Opening of Turandot Turandot also contains arguably the most famous tenor aria in all of opera, "Nessun Dorma", an instantly recognizable piece of music that has lost its dark meaning by being repeatedly considered out of context. The conclusion stretches incredulity even by operatic standards, but as Puccini didn’t write it, he can’t be blamed! Characters Formerly king of Tartary. Currently old and blind. Synopsis Act I - Running Time: 35 mins The curtain rises on a surging crowd. A mandarin announces that anyone wishing to marry Princess Turandot must answer three riddles. Failure means death. The Prince of Persia has just failed and will be executed when the moon rises. The bloodlust of the crowd is dealt with brutally by the palace guards, and Timur, a blind, old man is knocked to the ground. Liu, his slave, cries out for help and Calaf comes to their aid. As luck would have it Calaf is Timur’s son! Timur was king of Tartary, making Calaf a prince, but has long been deposed. Only Liu has remained faithful to him. Calaf warns them not to mention his name as he fears being discovered by the Emperor. Turandot at the Forbidden City Calaf (Jose Cura) © Johan Persson/Royal Opera As the moon rises the Prince of Persia is led to his death. The crowd appeals in his favor but Turandot appears and signals for the execution to continue. Calaf sees Turandot and falls in love. The Prince of Persia is executed. Blinded by Turandot’s beauty, Calaf is about to rush forward and bang the gong, signaling that he wishes to take the riddles, when Ping, Pang and Pong appear. The jaunty threesome tell him not to risk it, as do Timur and Liu, the latter being not very secretly in love with Calaf. Calaf is touched but never the less runs forward shouting Turandot’s name and bangs the gong three times. Turandot accepts his challenge as the curtain falls on Act I. Act II - Running Time: 50 mins Scene 1 Ping, Pang and Pong discuss their place in society, interspersing humor - do we prepare for a wedding or a funeral - and nostalgia - we are living in an era of endless death. A trumpet sounds announcing the entrance of the Emperor. Scene 2 The Emperor asks Calaf to withdraw his challenge. Turandot emerges and begins to describe why no man may possess her. (This is actually the first music she sings in the opera.) Her ancestor Princess Lo-u-Ling ruled until she was raped and murdered by a foreign prince, and Turandot believes Lo-u-Ling lives in her. Out of revenge, no man will ever have her. She advises Calaf to withdraw but he is having none of it. She gives the three riddles... What is born each night and dies each dawn? What flickers red and warm like a flame, but is not fire? What is like ice, but burns like fire? ...each of which he correctly answers. Turandot is distraught at having to marry and pleads with her father, but he insists that she go through with it. Calaf, believing love will win out, gives her one possible escape: he is a prince and if she can learn his name before sunrise, then he will die at dawn. Turandot accepts and the cu |
Which is the only one of New York's five boroughs that is situated on the mainland? | New York | Boroughs of New York City | Sights and Cultural Attractions New York New York is the biggest city in the United States with a population of over 8 million . It lies along the Hudson River in the southeast corner of the state that has the same name. New York is always alive – a “city that never sleeps”. Boroughs New York is made up of five districts, called boroughs. Manhattan is the central part of New York. It is the smallest district with an area of only 60 square kilometres. All of the city’s major banks and the stock exchanges can be found here. It is the seat of the city’s government and the home of cultural institutions. Brooklyn is a major seaport and the centre of industry. It has the most residents of all boroughs and is known as the district of churches and homes. Queens is the largest of New York’s boroughs. It consists of rows of single-family houses and is often referred to as the city’s biggest suburb. Whites, Hispanics and Blacks live together in Queens. The Bronx , a residential district with many apartment buildings, is the only borough situated on the mainland. For many years Staten Island could only be reached by ferry. Today, the borough is connected with Brooklyn through the Verrazano – Narrows Bridge. The opening of this bridge in 1964 led many New Yorkers to move to Staten Island. Population New York is a melting pot of different nationalities with people who have their origins all over the world. Hispanics, African Americans and people of European origin make up most of the city’s population. Ellis Island, not far from the Statue of Liberty , was once the main entry point for the millions of immigrants who have come to America in the past two centuries. The first immigrants came from England, Germany and Scandinavia at the beginning of the 19th century. Between 1880 and 1930 Eastern Europeans, Italians and the Irish came to America. After World War II Asians, Cubans and Hispanics came to New York in large numbers. The city also has the largest Jewish community in the world. Sights For over a hundred years the Statue of Liberty has been a symbol of the United States. It stands on Liberty Island and was a gift that France gave to the USA in 1886 as a symbol of friendship between the two countries . With its pedestal made of concrete the statue has a height of 93 metres. It represents a woman looking out over the harbour. On her head is a crown and in her hand a torch. Although tourists can go up to the observation deck in the crown, the torch itself is closed to all visitors. Times Square, where 42 nd Street and Broadway meet, is often called Crossroads of the World. Millions of people see it on television every New Year’s Eve. It got its name because the New York Times building was originally located there. Today it is home to theatres and cinemas with many electronic billboards surrounding the square. Times Square - Terabass The Empire State Building is one of the best known buildings in the world. Located in the middle of Manhattan, the steel framed structure has 102 storeys and a height of 381 metres. Built in 1931, it was the first building of such a tremendous height. For over twenty years it was the tallest building in the world and the tallest building of New York until the construction of the World Trade Centre in the 1970s. The building has appeared in famous films like King Kong and Superman. About 2 million tourists visit the Empire State Building every year. Central Park is the largest and most important public park in Manhattan. It extends for about 4km and has an area of 340 hectares. The park includes lakes, ice rinks, fountains, playgrounds, bicycle paths and other facilities. When it was built in the 1840s the park was far away from the city’s centre. Some of it was farming area another part was swampy, wet land that had to be laid dry. It took 20,000 workers more than 15 years to remove thousands of trees and complete the park. Brooklyn Bridge, built between 1869 and 1883 connects Manhattan with New York’s most populous borough, Brooklyn. The 1.5 km long b |
Which British athlete was taking part in her sixth Summer Olympic Games when she competed in the 1996 Atlanta event? | Kelly Holmes (Medalist) - Pics, Videos, Dating, & News Kelly Holmes Middle Distance Athlete and Olympic Gold Medallist Female Born Apr 19, 1970 Dame Kelly Holmes, DBE is a retired British middle distance athlete. Holmes specialised in the 800 metres and 1500 metres events and won a gold medal for both distances at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. She set British records in numerous events and still holds the records over the 600, 800, 1000, and 1500 metres distances.… Read More related links Queenâs Baton Relay For Commonwealth Games Comes To Bury Bury Free Press - Jan 29, 2014 ' The Queenâs Baton Relay is coming to Bury St Edmunds as part of its journey across the UK to launch the Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. The Baton will arrive in Suffolk on Monday June 9 and visit Lowestoft, Newmarket, Bury St Edmunds and Ipswich. It will arrive in Bury in the early afternoon and visit a Super 8âs schools athletics competition in the town. Cllr Sara Mildmay-White, St Edmundsbury cabinet member for health, well being and sport, said: âI am thrilled that the Queenâs Baton wi... The Fight For Equality In Sport Rages On Huffington Post Sports - Oct 30, 2013 'One hundred years ago, Emily Davison ran on to Epsom racecourse during the Derby horse race, and was killed by the King\'s horse. In 1913 she was generally considered mad. It wasn\'t until later that she became a feminist icon who paid the ultimate price in her quest for equal rights for women. There is a BBC documentary on the incident that is well worth watching. \nHer sacrifice did not go unheeded and society in much of the world has come a long way in terms of gender equality, but the b... Adopted Yorkshire Triathlon Star Is Proud Of Her Welsh Roots Yorkshire Evening Post - Jul 12, 2013 ' Named after St Davidâs mother St Non, triathlete Non Stanford is deeply proud of her Welsh roots. But success for Wales will be success for Leeds with the girl dubbed âa female Brownleeâ in love with Yorkshire two years on from her arrival. Stanford, 24, is the current under-23 world champion who is fourth in the Elite Women World Series in which she tasted victory in Madrid in June. And key to the relentless progress has been the Swansea-born starâs move to Leeds to join the cityâs thriv... Paralympic Honours Row: David Weir Should Have Got A Knighthood, Says Mp Guardian (UK) - Dec 30, 2012 ' Former sports minister Gerry Sutcliffe says honours committee missed an opportunity to show consistency in sporting awards The former sports minister Gerry Sutcliffe has weighed into the controversy about perceived double-standards for Olympic and Paralympic athletes in the New Year honours list. Sutcliffe said the decision not to give more Paralympians top honours was a \"big mistake\" and a \"missed opportunity\" to be consistent with their Olympic counterparts. His comments came afte... Learn about the memorable moments in the evolution of Kelly Holmes. CHILDHOOD 1970 Birth Born on April 19, 1970. 1980 10 Years Old Her hero was British middle distance runner Steve Ovett, and she was inspired by his success at the 1980 Summer Olympics. … Read More However, Holmes later turned her back on athletics, joining the British Army at the age of 18, having left school two years earlier, working initially as a shop assistant in a sweet shop and later as a nursing assistant for disabled patients. In the Army, she was initially a lorry driver in the Women's Royal Army Corps (WRAC), later becoming a basic Physical Training Instructor (PTI). Read Less TEENAGE 1987 17 Years Old Holmes was born in Pembury, Kent, the daughter of Derrick Holmes, a Jamaican-born car mechanic, and an English mother, Pam Norman. Her mother, 18 at the time of her birth, married painter and decorator Michael Norris, whom Holmes regards as her father, seven years later, and the couple had two more children (Kevin, born 1977 and Stuart, born 1980) before splitting up in 1987. … Read More Holmes grew up in Hildenborough and attended Hildenborough CEP School, and then Hugh Christie Comprehensive School in Tonbr |
Which type of tradesman is a 'gaffer', often seen in the production credits at the end of a film? | Film & TV Jobs and Magazine | Media Match | Job Descriptions Accounting Assistant Performs clerical work in support of company accounts and utilizes financial management software to do so. This person must compile, analyze, reconcile, and verify financial and statistical data as well as perform related work as assigned by their superior. [Search jobs...] ADR Recordist Automated Dialogue Replacement, also known as looping or dubbing. This is the critical process in film and TV whereby dialogue is recorded in a studio for any number of reasons: to replace existing production sound that is not usable either for technical considerations (usually due to a noisy location) or editorial ones (lines of dialogue have been changed); to add a voice-over to a film (often planned from the outset, but occasionally added at the last moment to help clarify a hazy plot); to ad [Search jobs...] Aerial Specialist Camera Pilots fly the aircraft that carries the aerial camera crew (aerial director of photography (DoP) and aerial camera assistant). Together they shoot the aerial sequences that form part of the finished feature film. Camera Pilots are also responsible for flying any aircraft, including helicopters, planes, hot air balloons, etc., that appear as action props in finished films. This may involve performing difficult stunts requiring a high degree of expertise and experience. Camera Pilots may a [Search jobs...] Agent's Assistant Works under the company CEO as an assistant to the firm. Will be required to manage day-to-day activities in the office, as well as mailings, maintain and build client relations, media public relations, and any other duties assigned by their superiors. [Search jobs...] Anchor Anchor/Presenters work at the front line of television and radio. They introduce and host programs, read the news, interview people and report on issues and events. As the number of channels and radio stations increases, so do the openings, but opportunities to become a Presenter are still scarce and competition is fierce. Presenters work across the whole spectrum of broadcasting — national and regional television and radio, satellite and cable channels — and also in the non broadcast se [Search jobs...] Animator Animation is the art of making images that appear to come to life on screen. It features in all kinds of media, from feature films to commercials, pop videos, computer games and websites. Animators use a range of techniques to make images appear to move, and most specialize in one of the following: * 2D drawn animation * 2D computer animation * stop frame or stop motion animation * 3D computer generated (CG) animation 2D drawn animation consists of a series of images whi [Search jobs...] Animator (with Live Action) A live action/animated film is a motion picture that features a combination of real actors or elements: live action and animated elements, typically interacting. Originally, animation was combined with live action in several ways, sometimes as simply as double printing two negatives onto the same release print. More sophisticated techniques used optical printers or aerial image animation cameras, which enabled more exact positioning, and better interaction of actors and animated characters. O [Search jobs...] Art Dept Coordinator The Art Department Coordinator is a position on the production crew that is responsible for overseeing the entire Art Department. They are concerned with implementing and executing all of the visual artistry of on set. He or she will work under the production designer and art director to complete the 'look' of the film. [Search jobs...] Art Dept, Swing Set Dressers who dress and strike sets, as well as pick up and return the dressing. They work apart from the shooting crew, as they are always either prepping a set for shooting or striking it after it's been shot. [Search jobs...] Art Director Art Directors act as project managers for the biggest department on any film - the art department. They facilitate the production designer's creative vision for all the locati |
Which American disc jockey is credited with putting the name to 'Rock 'n' Roll' music? | America Rocks and Rolls [ushistory.org] 53d. America Rocks and Rolls The prosperity of the '50s allowed teenagers to spend money on records by their favorite bands and singers. Rock and roll was everything the suburban 1950s were not. While parents of the decade were listening to Frank Sinatra, Perry Como, and big bands, their children were moving to a new beat. In fact, to the horror of the older generation, their children were twisting, thrusting, bumping, and grinding to the sounds of rock and roll. This generation of youth was much larger than any in recent memory, and the prosperity of the era gave them money to spend on records and phonographs. By the end of the decade, the phenomenon of rock and roll helped define the difference between youth and adulthood. The Roots of Rock Alan Freed, the Cleveland disc jockey credited with coining the phrase "rock and roll," was the master of ceremonies at many of the first rock concerts, including his 1955 Easter Jubilee. The roots of rock and roll lay in African American blues and gospel. As the Great Migration brought many African Americans to the cities of the north, the sounds of rhythm and blues attracted suburban teens. Due to segregation and racist attitudes, however, none of the greatest artists of the genre could get much airplay. Disc jockey Alan Freed began a rhythm-and-blues show on a Cleveland radio station. Soon the audience grew and grew, and Freed coined the term "rock and roll." Early attempts by white artists to cover R&B songs resulted in weaker renditions that bled the heart and soul out of the originals. Record producers saw the market potential and began to search for a white artist who could capture the African American sound. Chuck Berry's songs about girls and cars hit a nerve with American teens and sent his star rising high in the early days of rock and roll. Sam Phillips, a Memphis record producer, found the answer in Elvis Presley. With a deep Southern sound, pouty lips, and gyrating hips, Elvis took an old style and made it his own. From Memphis, the sound spread to other cities, and demand for Elvis records skyrocketed. Within two years, Elvis was the most popular name in the entertainment business. After the door to rock and roll acceptance was opened, African American performers such as Chuck Berry, Fats Domino, and Little Richard began to enjoy broad success, as well. White performers such as Buddy Holly and Jerry Lee Lewis also found artistic freedom and commercial success. Satan's Music Elvis Presley brought rock-and-roll music to the masses during the 1950s with hits such as "Love Me Tender" and "Heartbreak Hotel." Rock and roll sent shockwaves across America. A generation of young teenagers collectively rebelled against the music their parents loved. In general, the older generation loathed rock and roll. Appalled by the new styles of dance the movement evoked, churches proclaimed it Satan's music. Because rock and roll originated among the lower classes and a segregated ethnic group, many middle-class whites thought it was tasteless. Rock and roll records were banned from many radio stations and hundreds of schools. But the masses spoke louder. When Elvis appeared on TV's The Ed Sullivan Show, the show's ratings soared. Rock and roll is the most brutal, ugly, degenerate, vicious form of expression — lewd, sly, in plain fact, dirty — a rancid-smelling aphrodisiac and the martial music of every side-burned delinquent on the face of the earth. – Frank Sinatra (1957) The commercial possibilities were limitless. As a generation of young adults finished military service, bought houses in suburbia, and longed for stability and conformity, their children seemed to take comfort for granted. They wanted to release the tensions that bubbled beneath the smooth surface of postwar America. Above all, they wanted to shake, rattle, and roll. |
Which military operation of World War II had the codename 'Operation Dynamo'? | Operation Dynamo | World War II Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Edit The evacuation was ordered on 26 May 1940. Operating under the direction of Vice Admiral Ramsey, the evacuation was carried out, under the cover of RAF Fighter Command, by a force of destroyers, yachts and other vessels, [2] including a number of trawlers, cross channel ferries, pleasure steamers and cabin cruisers operated by their civilian owners, who declined to hand their craft over to the Royal Navy due to their determination to directly assist with the evacuation effort. [3] On 28 May, the deterioration in weather conditions resulted in the French coast being covered in very low cloud. This ensured that the Luftwaffe were unable to carry out attacks against the beach head, resulting in the evacuation of 17,084 troops. The following day, visibility in the area improved sufficiently to permit attacks against the evacuation fleet by Junkers Ju-87s of VIII Fligerkorps, supported by Junkers Ju 88s of KG30 and LG1. These attacks resulted in the loss of three escorting destroyers and damage to seven other ships. German losses amounted to fifteen Bf 109Es and a single Ju-88, shot down by the Boulton Paul Defiants of 264 Squadron. The return of bad weather on 31 May, which persisted over the next few days, led to the Ju-87s being grounded by fog. By the end of 31 May, a further 47,310 troops had been evacuated. [4] Thanks to the assistance of the civilian ships, Operation Dynamo resulted in the evacuation of 200,000 British troops, as well as 130,000 French and 10,000 from other nations. [3] The speed of the evacuation meant a lot of equipment had to be left behind, including a number of Boys Anti-tank rifles , which the Germans briefly used, as the 13.9mm Panzerabwehrbusche 792(e), to supplement their defences during the construction of the Atlantic Wall. [5] References |
Which London station did the 'Flying Scotsman' depart from on it's daily journey to Edinburgh? | 'The world's most famous train' - The Flying Scotsman celebrates 150 years - BBC News 'The world's most famous train' - The Flying Scotsman celebrates 150 years By Liz Rawlings BBC Scotland news 18 June 2012 Read more about sharing. Close share panel Image caption The Flying Scotsman has also been known as the 'Special Scotch Express', 'The Flying Scotchman' and the 'Ten O'Clock' "Take me by the Flying Scotsman." 18 June 2012 is a landmark in Britain's railway history Bob Gwynne, National Railway Museum These were the words emblazoned across a London and North Eastern Railway (LNER) poster in 1932 promoting the famous London-Edinburgh train service. The poster wasn't re-issued - its futurist art design was unpopular at the time - but the sentiment has survived. For many, the Flying Scotsman epitomises the nostalgia, romance and glamour associated with rail travel of a by-gone era. The Flying Scotsman - the train often labelled "the most famous in the world" - celebrates 150 years in operation this month. A named, daily passenger service between London's King's Cross station and Edinburgh called the Flying Scotsman has been running since 18 June 1862. Not to be confused with 'Flying Scotsman' - the engine, which, in 1923 was given the same name as the East Coast Main Line's most illustrious express to honour the service. 'Forgotten man' Image caption The Flying Scotsman was sped up in 1932, with LNER promoting the service with this poster Bob Gwynne, associate curator of rail vehicles at the National Railway Museum in York - where the engine 'Flying Scotsman' is being restored - said the famous train came about because of one forgotten man. He said: "18 June 2012 is a landmark in Britain's railway history, thanks to the forgotten story of one man. "150 years ago at 10:00, a new service, the 'Special Scotch Express' was launched from London King's Cross going north and from Edinburgh Waverley going south at 10:00. Mr Gwynne said the train was the idea of Walter Leith, General Passenger Supt of the Great Northern Railway, whose story has since been erased from all popular history of the service. He said: "Leith's innovative idea saw the introduction of through carriages up to Scotland at a time when the East Coast Main Line was operated by three separate railway companies." In 1862 the journey time was 10 and a half hours between London and Edinburgh. The service now runs at a time of four hours, operated by East Coast. History From the 1920s the train was considered the height of luxury. Onboard there were first-class restaurant facilities, a cocktail bar and radio equipment, so passengers could hear the horse-racing results. There was even a hairdressing salon where men could have their facial hair shaved with an open razor, made possible because the barber's chair was set in such a position that there would be "no jolting". The train's hairdresser was reportedly known as "Sweeney Todd of the Rails", given his precarious trade. Image caption In the 1920s the train even had a barber on board In 1928 the train broke the record for the longest regular non-stop train journey in the world, when the LNER ran an express service for the entire 393-mile route. This record would last until 1948, when, unintentionally, the train broke its own record. The Flying Scotsman ran for 408 and a half miles in May of that year when flood damage to the main line caused diversions via St Boswells and Kelso. Throughout World War II The Flying Scotsman was one of the few titled trains that continued to operate along the East Coast - it carried troops between London and Scotland, although the headboards and roofboards were removed for security. And, on 21 June 1958, in a historic move which would signal the decline of steam, The Flying Scotsman was hauled for the first time by a diesel locomotive. 'Set clocks' The service is currently run by government-owned East Coast. In May 2011 they relaunched the service, painting one of their locomotives, the Class 91 No. 91101 with Flying Scotsman branding. At the launch East Coast said the move was "part |
What was the title of the only painting that Vincent van Gogh sold during his lifetime? | The Lore: Van Gogh Sold Only One Painting During His Life The Lore: Van Gogh Sold Only One Painting During His Life The Red Vineyards at Arles, 1888, by Vincent Van Gogh. Heritage Images/Hulton Fine Art/Getty Images By Lisa Marder Updated May 31, 2016. Although lore has it that the post-Impressionist painter , Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890) , sold only one painting during his lifetime, different theories exist. The one painting commonly thought to have been sold is The Red Vineyard at Arles (The Vigne Rouge) , now located at the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts in Moscow. However, some sources posit that different paintings sold first, and that other paintings and drawings were sold or bartered in addition to The Red Vineyard at Arles. However, it is true that The Red Vineyard at Arles is the only painting sold during van Gogh's lifetime the name of which we actually know, and that was "officially" recorded and acknowledged by the art world, and hence the lore persists. Of course, bearing in mind that van Gogh didn't start painting until he was twenty-seven years old, and died when he was thirty-seven, it would not be unremarkable that he did not sell many. Furthermore, the paintings that were to become famous were the ones produced after he went to Arles, France in 1888, only two years before he died. continue reading below our video Profile of Vincent van Gogh What is remarkable is that just a few decades after his death his art would become well-known worldwide and that he would eventually become one of the most famous artists ever. Red Vineyard at Arles In 1889 Van Gogh was invited to participate in a group show in Brussels called the XX (or the Vingtistes). Van Gogh suggested to his brother, Theo, an art dealer and Van Gogh's agent, that he send six paintings to be exhibited with the group, one of which was The Red Vineyard. Anna Boch , a Belgian artist and art collector, bought the painting in early 1890 for 400 Belgian francs, perhaps because she liked the painting and wanted to show her support for Van Gogh, whose work was being criticized; perhaps to help him financially; and perhaps to please her brother, Eugène, whom she knew was a friend of Vincent's. (1) Eugène Boch, like his sister Anna, was also a painter and had visited Van Gogh in Arles, France in 1888. They became friends and Van Gogh painted his portrait, which he called The Poet. According to the notes at the Musée d'Orsay where the portrait of Eugène Boch is now located, it seems that The Poet hung in van Gogh's room in the Yellow House in Arles for awhile as evidenced by the fact that it is seen in the first version of The Bedroom, which is in the Van Gogh Museum (Amsterdam). Apparently Anna Boch owned two paintings of Van Gogh's and her brother, Eugène, owned several. (2) Anna Boch sold The Red Vineyard in 1906, though, for 10,000 francs, and it was sold again that same year to a Russian textile business man, Sergei Shchukin. It was given to the Pushkin Museum by the State of Russia in 1948. Van Gogh painted The Red Vineyard from memory in early November 1888 while the artist, Paul Gauguin was living with him in Arles. It is a dramatic landscape painting in saturated autumnal reds and yellows punctuated by the blue clothing of workers in a vineyard, with a bright yellow sky and sun reflected in the river adjacent to the vineyard. The viewer's eye is drawn through the landscape by the strong diagonal line that leads to the high horizon and the setting sun in the distance. In one of his many letters to his brother, Theo, Van Gogh tells him he is "working on a vineyard, all purple and yellow" and goes on to describe it further, "But if only you’d been with us on Sunday! We saw a red vineyard, completely red like red wine. In the distance it became yellow, and then a green sky with a sun, fields violet and sparkling yellow here and there after the rain in which the setting sun was reflected." (3) In a subsequent letter to Theo, Vincent says about this painting, "I’m going to set myself to work often from memory, and the canvases done from memory are |
In which country is the source of the River Danube? | Countries of the Danube River Basin | ICPDR - International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River Countries of the Danube River Basin Countries of the Danube River Basin 19 countries share the Danube River Basin, which makes it the world’s most international river basin. More than 81 million people of different cultures and languages call the Danube Basin their home, for centuries they have been interconnected through the widely ramified water system of the Danube. All countries sharing over 2,000 km² of the Danube River Basin and the European Union are contracting parties of the ICPDR. Below, you find a table with some general information on all countries that have a share in the Danube River Basin. You can also find more detailed information for those countries which are contracting parties of the ICPDR on dedicated pages: Germany - Austria - Czech Republic - Slovakia - Hungary - Slovenia - Croatia - Bosnia and Herzegovina - Serbia - Montenegro - Romania - Bulgaria - Moldova - Ukraine . Basic information on the countries in the Danube River Basin Country |
The 'Battle of Agincourt' took place during which war? | The Battle of Agincourt took place during which war?????????? View the step-by-step solution to: The Battle of Agincourt took place during which war?????????? This question was answered on Jun 04, 2016. View the Answer The Battle of Agincourt took place during which war?????????? KarolEland posted a question · Jun 04, 2016 at 7:21am Top Answer Here is the answer... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29915238) ]} Dr.Lucy answered the question · Jun 04, 2016 at 7:22am Other Answers Here is the explanation for... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29915242) ]} nickmom98 answered the question · Jun 04, 2016 at 7:22am Hundred Years' War Explanation The Battle of Agincourt was a major victory for... View the full answer {[ getNetScore(29915244) ]} What was the purpose of the monopolies on salt and iron? What relevance do the arguments expressed in this debate have for other times and places? Are the Recently Asked Questions Need a World History tutor? brightkesenwa 4 World History experts found online! Average reply time is 7 mins Get Homework Help Why Join Course Hero? Course Hero has all the homework and study help you need to succeed! We’ve got course-specific notes, study guides, and practice tests along with expert tutors and customizable flashcards—available anywhere, anytime. - - Study Documents Find the best study resources around, tagged to your specific courses. Share your own to gain free Course Hero access or to earn money with our Marketplace. - Question & Answers Get one-on-one homework help from our expert tutors—available online 24/7. Ask your own questions or browse existing Q&A threads. Satisfaction guaranteed! - Flashcards Browse existing sets or create your own using our digital flashcard system. A simple yet effective studying tool to help you earn the grade that you want! |
What is the ballet term for a leap taking off from one foot and landing on the other? | Ballet Terms Dictionary - BalletHub Ballet Terms Dictionary Learn Ballet Vocabulary BalletHub / Ballet Terms Dictionary Welcome to BalletHub’s Ballet Terms Dictionary. Here you can find and browse our online dictionary for ballet terms. Every ballet term will include it’s definition and a simple explanation possibly along with picture and video demonstration by professional ballet dancers. You can find new entries weekly until our entire ballet term dictionary is complete with all ballet terms! A Allégro In ballet, allégro is a term applied to bright, fast or brisk steps and movement. All steps where the dancer jumps are considered allégro, such as sautés, jetés, cabrioles, assemblés, and so on. Allégro in Ballet Class In ballet class, allégro combinations are usually done toward the last part of class, as the dancer is […] Arabesque In ballet, arabesque is a position where the body is supported on one leg, with the other leg extended directly behind the body with a straight knee. The standing leg can be straight or in plie, but the back leg must always be straight. Arabesque can be found in almost every aspect of a ballet, both […] Assemblé An assemblé in classical ballet has many different variations, but the basics are always the same: two legs joining together in the air. In a basic form, an assemblé is when one foot slides along the floor before brushing into the air. As the foot goes into the air, the dancer then jumps by pushing into […] Attitude An attitude in classical ballet is a position where the dancer is standing on one leg with the other lifted, usually to the front (devant) or back (derrière). The leg in the air is bent at the knee so that it forms roughly a 145 degree angle. The attitude position is commonly seen throughout many […] Avant, en En avant in classical ballet refers to the direction of the execution for a step, specifically moving forward or to the front. En avant is not an actual step or position itself and is almost always used with other terms, such as tendu en avant, which would mean to tendu directly toward the front. Adagio In ballet, Adagio refers to slow movement, typically performed with the greatest amount of grace and fluidity than other movements of dance. Adagio in Ballet Class In a classical ballet class, an adagio combination or lesson will concentrate on slow movement to help improve a dancer’s ability to control leg movement and extension, all while […] B Balançoire Balançoire is a ballet term applied to exercises such as grande battements or degagés. When a dancer is doing a combination with balançoire, they will repeatedly swing their leg from front to back and may tilt their upper body slightly forward or backwards, opposite to the direction their leg is moving. Ballerina The term ballerina is originally meant as the rank of a principal female dancer in a ballet company. When it was originally used, this meant that not every female dancer in the ballet company was considered a ballerina, and instead by their rank or simply as “a ballet dancer”. Today, a leading female ballet dancer is […] Ballerino Ballerino is used in Italian for a “male dancer” who dances principal roles in a ballet company. As ballerino is not commonly used in English speaking countries, it doesn’t hold much regard or honor as the term ballerina does and is sometimes used sarcastically to describe a male dancer. Today, boys or men who dance […] Ballet blanc Ballet blanc is a term often applied to any ballet where the dancers wear traditional “romantic” tutus of white color, originally designed by Eugène Lami for Marie Tagliono in the ballet “La Sylphide.” Other examples of white ballets include Giselle and Les Sylphides. Battement Développé Battement Développé is a classical ballet term meaning “battement developed.” From a fifth position, the dancer moves their working foot up to a retiré position and opens to the front, side or back with a deliberate motion. A battement développé finishes by closing back into fifth position. Battement Fondu Battement Fondu is a classical ballet term me |
Which city is home to the world's oldest stock exchange? | Some Perspective on Sovereign Debt from the Home of the World’s Oldest Stock Exchange Some Perspective on Sovereign Debt from the Home of the World’s Oldest Stock Exchange By Mitchell Clark, B.Comm. Published : March 28, 2013 If you go to Europe and you find yourself in Holland (the Netherlands), you’ll likely fly through Schiphol Airport on the edge of Amsterdam. It’s one of the best airports in the world, in my humble opinion. When you go through security, you are treated like a paying customer—which you are. The euro currency has become a lot more affordable for obvious reasons. I visited Europe and Holland, specifically, in 2011 to visit my great-uncle’s war grave at the Begraafplaats Crooswijk cemetery in Rotterdam. It is a strikingly beautiful cemetery. The Dutch do a masterful job of maintaining war graves. Thank you. My trip was subsidized by an old college buddy who has a huge (for Europe) apartment in Amsterdam. It’s the best location in town. In his job, he is the second-most powerful person on ING Group’s trading floor. He is the information technology (IT) guy. Amsterdam is one of the most unique cities I’ve ever been to (ahem, not for those reasons). It is one of Europe’s top destinations (perhaps for those reasons). It boasts stunning architecture and is home to the world’s oldest stock exchange. The NYSE Euronext N.V. is Amsterdam’s stock exchange today. Amsterdam was the financial center of the world a long time ago, centuries before the euro . Apparently, the Dutch East India Company was the first multinational corporation and the Bank of Amsterdam was the first central bank. It financed the company in guilders, which eventually joined in creating the euro currency. The city is still a financial center in Europe, but history keeps repeating itself. Like many banks in Europe, ING Group got itself into trouble during the financial crisis, and it received a 10-billion-euro bailout to bring up its capital reserves. The company has been shedding assets as part of its bailout terms. It plummeted on the stock market and is still way down. (See “ The Fed’s Running the Show and Risk Keeps Going Up .”) The euro is the second-largest reserve currency and the second-most traded. The euro has been under pressure since 2008, and the stability of the euro currency is the single greatest financial risk to your portfolio this year. Rotterdam looks out of place in Europe. The city was leveled by the Germans in World War II and had to be rebuilt from scratch. Taking the train there, no one came around to check tickets. I guess people travel on the honor system. My great-uncle was Flight Sergeant Charles P. Miller, an air gunner whose bomber was shot down in WWII. He was 27. Along with the crew, he and fellow air gunner, Flight Sergeant C.M. MacDonald, 25, crashed into the ocean and washed up on Holland’s shore. They are buried beside each other, next to a large cenotaph of the cross, which is superimposed with a sword symbolizing military sacrifice. This Easter, I wanted to use this space to tell their story and give thanks to those who serve, past and present. The problems in Europe are very real and the financial world is at risk, but thinking about these two airmen, it gives me perspective. |
In 1799, which British Prime Minister introduced a new Income Tax to help finance the war against France? | William Pitt the Younger William Pitt the Younger William Pitt the Younger William Pitt the Younger William Pitt was born at Hayes , Kent on 28th May 1759. He suffered from poor health and was educated at home. His father, William Pitt , Earl of Chatham, was the former M.P. for Old Sarum and one of the most important politicians of the period. The Earl of Chatham was determined that his son would eventually become a member of the House of Commons and at an early age William was given lessons on how to become an effective orator. When William was fourteen he was sent to Pembroke Hall , Cambridge . His health remained poor and he spent most of the time with his tutor, the Rev. George Pretyman . William, who studied Latin and Greek, received his M.A. in 1776. William grew up with a strong interest in politics and spent much of his spare time watching debates in parliament. On 7th April 1778 he was present when his father collapsed while making a speech in the House of Lords and helped to carry his dying father from the chamber. In 1781 Sir James Lowther arranged for William Pitt to become the M.P. for Appleby . He made his first speech in the House of Commons on 26th February, 1781. William Pitt had been well trained and afterwards, Lord North , the prime minister, described it as the "best speech" that he had ever heard. Soon after entering the Commons, William Pitt came under the influence of Charles Fox , Britain's leading Whig politician. Pitt joined Fox in his campaign for peace with the American colonies. On 12th June he made a speech where Pitt insisted that this was an "unjust war" and urged Lord North's government to bring it to an end. Pitt also took an interest in the way that Britain elected Members of Parliament. He was especially critical of the way that the monarchy used the system to influence those in Parliament. Pitt argued that parliamentary reform was necessary for the preservation of liberty. In June 1782 Pitt supported a motion for shortening the duration of parliament and for measures that would reduce the chances of government ministers being bribed. When Lord Frederick North's government fell in March 1782, Charles Fox became Foreign Secretary in Rockingham's Whig government. Fox left the government in July 1782, as he was unwilling to serve under the new prime minister, Lord Sherburne. Short of people willing to serve him, Sherburne appointed the twenty-three year old Pitt as his Chancellor of the Exchequer. Fox interpreted Pitt's acceptance of this post as a betrayal and after this the two men became bitter enemies. On the 31st March, 1783, Pitt resigned and declared that he was "unconnected with any party whatever". Now out of power, Pitt turned his attention once more to parliamentary reform. On 7th May he proposed a plan that included: (1) checking bribery at elections; (2) disfranchising corrupt constituencies; (3) adding to the number of members for London . His proposals were defeated by 293 to 149. Another bill that he introduced on 2nd June for restricting abuses in public office was passed by the House of Commons but rejected by the House of Lords . In Parliament he opposed Charles Fox's India Bill. Fox responded by making fun of Pitt's youth and inexperience and accusing him of following "the headlong course of ambition". George III was furious when the India Bill was passed by the House of Commons . The king warned members of the House of Lords that he would regard any one who voted for the bill as his enemy. Unwilling to upset the king, the Lords rejected the bill by 95 votes to 76. The Duke of Portland's administration resigned and on 19th December, 1783, the king invited William Pitt to form a new government. At the age of only twenty-four, Pitt became Britain's youngest prime minister. When it was announced that Pitt had accepted the king's invitation, the news was received in the House of Commons with derisive laughter. Pitt had great difficulty finding enough people to join his government. Except for himself, his cabinet of seven contained no members of the House of Commons. Charl |
Before Bill Clinton, who was the last Democrat President of America? | Who was the last Democratic president before Bill Clinton? | Socratic Who was the last Democratic president before Bill Clinton? Start with a one sentence answer Then teach the underlying concepts Don't copy without citing sources Write a one sentence answer... Answer: I want someone to double check my answer Describe your changes (optional) 200 Cancel This answer has been featured! Featured answers represent the very best answers the Socratic community can create. The last Democratic President before Bill Clinton was Jimmy Carter. Explanation: James Earl "Jimmy" Carter, Jr. is an American politician and author who served as the 39th President of the United States from 1977 to 1981. -awarded for his work with the Carter Center -he was the first U.S. president to be born in a hospital -Created the Department of Energy and established a national policy to address the energy shortage. -Champion of human rights, especially in regard to the governments of South Korea, Iran, Argentina, South Africa, and Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) Was this helpful? Let the contributor know! Yes |
Which planet in our soar system spins on its axis faster than any of the other planets? | Which planet spins the fastest? | Cool Cosmos Which planet spins the fastest? Jupiter is the fastest spinning planet in our Solar System rotating on average once in just under 10 hours. That is very fast especially considering how large Jupiter is. This means that Jupiter has the shortest days of all the planets in the Solar System. Since Jupiter is a gas planet, it does not rotate as a solid sphere. Jupiter's equator rotates a bit faster than its polar regions at a speed of 28,273 miles/hour (about 43,000 kilometers/hour). Jupiter's day varies from 9 hours and 56 minutes around the poles to 9 hours and 50 minutes close to the equator. Continue the conversation on |
By which name does the oil company, Esso, trade as in America? | Our history | ExxonMobil History Our history Over the last 135 years ExxonMobil has evolved from a regional marketer of kerosene in the U.S. to the largest publicly traded petroleum and petrochemical enterprise in the world. Today we operate in most of the world's countries and are best known by our familiar brand names: Exxon, Esso and Mobil. We make the products that drive modern transportation, power cities, lubricate industry and provide petrochemical building blocks that lead to thousands of consumer goods. 1859 Colonel Edwin Drake and Uncle Billy Smith drill the first successful oil well in Titusville, Pennsylvania. The colonel's discovery triggers an oil boom that parallels the gold rush of a decade earlier. 1870 Rockefeller and his associates form the Standard Oil Company (Ohio), with combined facilities constituting the largest refining capacity of any single firm in the world. The name Standard is chosen to signify high, uniform quality. 1879 Standard Oil Co. purchases a three-quarters interest in Vacuum Oil Company for $200,000. As a lubricants pioneer, Vacuum Oil introduces a number of popular products, including the revolutionary Gargoyle 600-W Steam Cylinder Oil. 1882 Standard Oil lubricates Thomas Edison's first central generating system. Also in this year, Standard Oil Trust forms to include the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey (Jersey Standard) and the Standard Oil Company of New York (Socony). 1885 The Standard Oil Trust moves its headquarters to 26 Broadway, New York City. The nine-story office building becomes a landmark. The same year, Vacuum develops Gargoyle Arctic engine oils for newly designed generators and motors that operate at speeds of up to 1,000 rpm. 1903 The Wright brothers, Wilbur and Orvillle, use both Jersey Standard fuel and Mobiloil (Vacuum) lubricants for their historic first flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. 1906 Socony gains a strong foothold in the vast market for kerosene in China by developing small lamps that burned kerosene efficiently. The lamps become known as Mei-Foo, from the Chinese symbols for Socony, meaning "beautiful confidence". 1911 Following a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision, Standard Oil breaks up into 34 unrelated companies, including Jersey Standard, Socony and Vacuum Oil. The year also marks the first time Jersey Standard's sales of kerosene are surpassed by gasoline, a product that in the early days had often been discarded as a nuisance. 1915 Ralph De Palma, winner of the Indianapolis 500, is the first of many Indy winners to use Mobil products. His average speed: 89.84 mph. 1919 Jersey Standard acquires a 50 percent interest in Humble Oil & Refining Company of Texas. It was during this year that Humble, led by its pioneering Chief Geologist Wallace Pratt, employed micropaleontology, the study of microscopic fossils contained in cuttings and core samples from drilling, as an aid in finding oil. 1920 Jersey Standard researchers produce rubbing alcohol, or isopropyl alcohol — the first commercial petrochemical. 1926 Embodying the phonetic rendition of the initials ‘S’ and ‘O’ in Standard Oil, Jersey Standard brings out a new blend of fuel under the trade name Esso. 1927 Humble geophysicists use a refraction seismograph and discover an oil field in Sugarland, Texas. 1928 Amelia Earhart uses Mobiloil to protect Friendship when she makes her historic solo flight across the Atlantic. The previous year, Charles Lindbergh used Mobiloil in the Spirit of St. Louis on the first solo flight across the Atlantic. 1936 First commercial unit in a cat-cracking refinery begins operation at Socony-Vacuum’s Paulsboro, New Jersey, refinery. The unit used a process developed by French scientist Eugene P. Houdry with the financial backing of Socony-Vacuum. The process added a clay-like catalyst to the cracking process to boost gasoline yields and octane rating. 1937 Jersey Standard researchers produce an artificial rubber, butyl. Today, butyl is used in the creation of tires, surgical tapes, protective coatings and more. 1938 The world's first commercial production of |
On which ship did Price Andrew serve during the Falklands War? | Brave Prince Andrew: Action Man | Royal | News | Daily Express ROYAL Brave Prince Andrew: Action Man THE Duke of York has always been a man of action who displays bravery, loyalty and nerves of steel in equal measure. 00:21, Sun, Sep 8, 2013 Prince Andrew was a brave co-pilot during the Falklands war Although he doesn’t drink or smoke, Andrew was highly popular with his fellow servicemen during a 20 year military career, and regarded as “one of the lads.” He inherited a “no nonsense” practical approach to life from his father Prince Philip, who served in the Royal Navy during World War Two, and would have kept cool even when the two armed policemen were pointing their guns directly at him. Andrew’s calmness under pressure was first displayed in 1978 when he was just 18 and making his first parachute jump. Just 48 seconds after jumping out of a Hercules aircraft over the Gloucestershire countryside, his lines became twisted, but he managed to gain control and land safely. Afterwards he said it was “A feeling I would never have wanted to miss.” Asked if he was nervous, he replied: “If you are not nervous you will do something stupid.” He was then driven back to RAF Brize Norton for a second jump. His teacher Wing Commander Jim Reynolds said: “Although his lines were twisted, he did exactly the drill he should have done and made a good landing.” Andrew’s courage became clear during the 1982 Falklands War when he co-piloted Sea King helicopters in treacherous conditions. Some members of Mrs Thatcher’s cabinet wanted him to have a safe desk job during the conflict, but Andrew – and the Queen – insisted he sailed aboard the aircraft carrier HMS Invincible. The Argentinians were desperate to sink the ship with Andrew on it, and after the war they even hatched an unsuccessful plot to murder him while he was on holiday. During the conflict he and his partner acted as decoys for French-made Exocet missiles, the Argentinians most deadly weapon, drawing them away from their targets. When the merchant ship SS Atlantic Conveyor was hit by two Exocets, with the loss of 12 lives, Andrew was one of the first on the scene, helping to pluck survivors to safety. Andrew’s courage became clear during the 1982 Falklands War when he co-piloted Sea King helicopters in treacherous conditions In 2007 he was the coolest person on board when an RAF HS 125 had to make an emergency landing at Edinburgh airport, coming in at high speed after it developed tail problems. A former Navy colleague said last night: “The Prince is a team player and a brave man, just like everyone else who serves in the armed forces. “He wouldn’t want to be singled out for special treatment because of who he was, and in the Falklands he faced as much danger as anyone else. “He is the sort of guy you want with you in difficult situations, courageous and selfless, and able to think under great stress. “It really annoys me when people who don’t know him call him a freeloader who plays golf all the time when he had such a distinguished military career.” The Queen was said to be “worried sick” when Andrew (said to be her favourite son) was in the Falklands, and still carries a photo of him returning safely from the war in her handbag. As she relaxed yesterday at the Braemar games while on her summer break, she would have been relieved that he survived last week’s police blunder too. Most read in Royal |
What was the name of the horse that was made a Consul by Caligula when he was Emperor of Rome? | Did Caligula really make his horse a consul? - Ask History Ask History June 21, 2016 By Elizabeth Nix Share this: Did Caligula really make his horse a consul? Author Did Caligula really make his horse a consul? URL Google According to the ancient historian Suetonius, the Roman emperor known as Caligula loved one of his horses, Incitatus, so much that he gave the steed a marble stall, an ivory manger, a jeweled collar and even a house. Another chronicler, Cassius Dio, later wrote that servants fed the animal oats mixed with gold flakes. Famous for his madness and brutality, Caligula allegedly committed incest with his sisters, fed prisoners to wild beasts and had conversations with the moon—so coddling a beloved horse might seem among the lesser of his various evils. But did he really plan to make Incitatus a consul and only fail to do so because his assassination happened first, as Suetonius would have us believe? Like much of what we think we know about Caligula, the story of Incitatus’ consulship comes from a writer who lived decades after the maligned emperor’s four-year reign. Historians think that Suetonius and Dio based their scathing accounts of his life on rumors and legends—or simply fabricated sensational tales that turned a not-so-great ruler into an epic villain. Many scholars reject the notion that Caligula terrorized Rome with his unbridled madness, arguing that his fellow lawmakers would likely have whisked him out of power for such conduct. So while Caligula might have had an unusual fondness for his horse, it’s unlikely the emperor went so far as to appoint the stallion. But what if Caligula actually did plot to create Rome’s first equine official? According to historian Aloys Winterling, author of “Caligula: A Biography” (2011), insanity isn’t the only logical explanation for such behavior. In his book, Winterling makes the case that many of the emperor’s wackier stunts, including his treatment of Incitatus, were designed to insult and humiliate senators and other elites. By bestowing a high public office on his horse, then, Caligula aimed to show his underlings that their work was so meaningless an animal could do it. Tags |
Which sport is played under the 'Harvard Rules'? | Penn Football in the 1800s, Varsity Team History: University of Pennsylvania University Archives PENN FOOTBALL: ORIGINS TO 1901 Varsity team history Context: Early Football In America When intercollegiate American football began on November 6, 1869, with a game played by Rutgers and Princeton in New Brunswick, New Jersey, football bore little resemblance to its modern-day descendent. Rules for the contest were adopted from those of the London Football Association, which themselves were similar to soccer -- players could neither throw the ball nor run with it, though they could bat it about with open hand or fist. It was not until 1876 that formal rules were codified for football as a distinct sport with its own rules. Earlier forms of football existed perhaps as early as the 1820's, though strictly as informal affairs between unorganized participants, played by whatever rules the players that day decided to use. In essence, these were games in which players were divided between two teams with the goal of advancing a ball past the opposing teams. These were the only rules in common with later football antecedents; in some cases, these were the only rules at all. Calling these games 'rough' would be an understatement; the preferred adjective at the time was 'brutal.' Within the college context, these ball games were usually a right of passage for newly enrolled freshmen. The teams were the classes, and the ball was only an excuse for a brawl. It was for this reason that, around 1860 or so, 'football' as it was then termed was banned outright at a number of colleges. Many students wanted the game brought back, and colleges sought to compromise by reintroducing football in a less violent form: in 1867, Princeton proposed formal rules modified from those of the London Football Association. These rules resulted in a game which more closely resembled modern soccer than modern football. Over the next two years these rules came into widespread usage. Although most schools made changes to suit their own needs, by 1869 football teams from different colleges were able to play each other with only small changes needed to bring each school's rules in line with the others. Even though we today trace the roots of football to 1869, those witnessing the Princeton-Rutgers game may not have thought they had seen the birth of anything of immediate importance. Princeton's rules did not become popular right away, with two games played in 1870, none in 1871, and a scarce handful in 1872. Since differences in rules between schools may have still hampered competition, representatives from Yale, Columbia, Princeton, and Rutgers met in October of 1873 to establish a unified set of intercollegiate rules under which any college could play. The colleges decided on twelve rules. Among other things, they required that a round ball be used for all games, that the ball could not be carried or thrown, and that the game should not end until either six goals were scored or until the game was called; that is, that the game had no set length. All in all, the conference settled on a set of rules which resembled soccer, much as Princeton's 1869 rules had. Harvard was invited to the conference but did not attend because of a difference of opinion over what form football should take. It had drawn up its own set of rules in 1872, which loosely resembled rugby, with the twist that any player could catch or pick up the ball, but could only run with it if chased by an opponent. No other college adopted the Harvard rules; most favored those of the 1873 conference. Because it did not agree to the rules adopted by the rules set up by the other colleges in 1873, Harvard was forced to leave the country to compete, engaging in a series of games with McGill college's rugby team that alternated between being played under Harvard's rules and the traditional rules of rugby, which Harvard's players had never tried. Once they did, however, the players decided they preferred traditional rugby to their own rules, and began trying to |
What is the correct name for Birmingham's 'Spagheti Junction'? | Forty facts for forty years of the Spaghetti Junction | Central - ITV News 24 May 2012 at 6:00am Forty facts for forty years of the Spaghetti Junction The iconic Spaghetti Junction, which celebrates 40 years today Photo: ITV Central On 24 May 2012, Spaghetti Junction at Junction 6 of the M6 will be 40 years old. Its official name is ‘Gravelly Hill Interchange’, but due to the number of intersecting traffic lanes, the structure was referred to as 'Spaghetti Junction' in the 1970s by Roy Smith, a journalist from the Birmingham Evening Mail (now called the Birmingham Mail). That name has stuck and passed into the language. Spaghetti Junction is the centrepiece of the Midland Links project, which was designed to join up the M1, M5 and M6 motorways, as well as the A38(M) Aston Expressway to bring traffic into the heart of Birmingham. The designers of Midland Links had to build a six-lane carriageway and link roads through several built-up areas, but with the minimum demolition and disruption. To achieve this, the M6 and Spaghetti Junction follow the line of the local canal and river network on elevated sections. In an interesting meeting of old and new methods of transport, the pillars carrying Spaghetti Junction over the canal network had to be carefully placed to allow a horse-drawn narrow boat to pass underneath without fouling its towrope. Construction started in 1968 and took four years to complete. Spaghetti Junction has 559 concrete columns, some reaching to 80 feet high. The first motorists used Spaghetti Junction on the 24 May 1972 at approximately 16.30. The Junction was opened by then Secretary of State for the Environment, the Rt Honourable Peter Walker MBE MP. To celebrate the opening of a non-stop link between the North West and the South East, the Lord Mayor of Lancaster Cllr Mrs Doris Henderson, presented a red rose to Peter Walker to wear for the opening ceremony. In return, the Lord Mayor of London, Lord Mais, sent a bouquet of 243 roses to Cllr Henderson; one for each mile between Mansion House in London and Lancaster Town Hall. Gravelly Hill Interchange cost £10 million at the time of its construction.13. Construction of Spaghetti Junction involved 13,000 tonnes of steel reinforcement. Construction of Spaghetti Junction involved 134,000 m3 (175,000 cubic yards) of concrete. The Junction covers 30 acres (121,406 m2). The Junction serves 18 routes. It includes 2.5 miles of slip roads, but only 0.62 miles of the M6 itself. Spaghetti Junction is split across 5 different levels. The junction is designed to last 120 years. Routine repairs to the reinforced concrete structures have been ongoing since the late 1980’s. Regular maintenance includes the replacement of expansion joints, painting of steelwork, the clearing drainage channels and gutters, clearance of vegetation and removal of graffiti. Concrete repairs are carried out in small sections, so the overall strength of the supporting beams is never compromised.23. During concrete repairs, small sections of old concrete are cut out using water. That’s right. Specially trained operatives use a lance to carefully guide a jet of water, pressurised at 16,000 psi, which cuts through concrete with surgical ease. Using water rather than physical tools removes the risk of damage to other sections of viaduct through vibration. As work is carried out beneath the main carriageway, drivers would never be aware that work is being carried out beneath them. In 1998 Birmingham Cathedral had a new set of vestments designed which included Spaghetti Junction as seen from the air. ‘Spaghetti Junction’ has its own entry in the Oxford English Dictionary but you will never find that name on a road map; it is also referred to as Gravelly Hill Interchange on ordnance survey road maps. Birmingham historian Vivian Bird, writing in 1974, referred to Spaghetti Junction as an act of ‘plandalism’, calling it the Gravelly Hill earthquake and a wall that imprisoned the people of Birmingham. Spaghetti Junction appears in the Guinness Book of World Records, as “the most complex interchange o |
Which organisation was founded by Reverend Chad Varah in 1953? | Rev Chad Varah - The Scotsman Rev Chad Varah 00:31 Wednesday 14 November 2007 Founder of the Samaritans Born: 12 November, 1911, on Humberside. Died: 8 November, 2007, in London, aged 95. HE WAS an unconventional cleric and his unorthodox personality led Chad Varah, CH, CBE to found the Samaritans. The movement set out to help the destitute and depressed and from small beginnings in London a worldwide organisation grew. His vision and humanity became a vital lifeline to many. Varah was already in his 40s and had been vicar of several charges in England before he came to St Stephen, Walbrook - one of the finest examples of Sir Christopher Wren's architecture in London. He was to grace its pulpit for virtually the rest of his life but he emblazoned its name internationally when he founded the Samaritans in 1953. He had conducted the funeral of a young girl who had died by suicide and he was told by a friend that they were both in fear of understanding their maturing bodies. "Little girl," Varah told the girl, "I shall tell you all about sex." That story, and Varah's discovery that there were three suicides a day in London, led him to start, in the crypt of his church, the Samaritans. He told his first - and all subsequent volunteers - that they had to listen and be non-judgmental. "Befriending is fundamental," he assured them. "We must go along beside someone's pain." Edward Chad Varah was the son of the vicar of St Chad's on Humberside and even in his youth he was something of a rebel. His faith was assured, but not the conventional faith of his father, and after Keble College, Oxford, he attended Lincoln Theological College and was ordained in 1935. In the 1950s Varah showed his unconventional streak when he also worked as a scriptwriter for the hugely successful comics of the era: Girl and Eagle. It was Varah who wrote the daredevil adventures of Dan Dare, who weekly saved the planet. After several charges in and around London, Varah was appointed to St Stephen and his experiences over the years led him to found the Good Samaritans in November 1953 - the name was shortened some years later. The original principle was simple: To befriend the suicidal and despairing. Varah had the knack of attracting press coverage and the famous Samaritan telephone number, MANsion House 9000, was soon well known throughout the country. From two distressed calls on November 1 the number grew to more than 100 within a fortnight. Varah was adamant that, although the movement was centred in a church, the volunteers did not have to be believers and the organisation was defiantly non-denominational. He stressed that people who rang or arrived at the crypt must be "listened to with absolute attention" and everything said must be in confidence. No-one would know people's full name and if a client used a pseudonym that was not a problem. In Scotland, there are 20 Samaritan offices from Orkney to the Borders and recently their Edinburgh office stated that the number of calls they received rose by 26,000 last year. A spokesman said: "Scotland's suicide rate is still very disturbing, but it is finally starting to come down while our calls have gone up. So something must be working." Varah widened the scope of the movement in 1974 when he set up Befrienders International (later Samaritans Worldwide) and then became its president in 1983. He ceased being involved in the day-to-day running of the organisation - believing that the volunteers themselves should make such decisions - but in 2003, at the 50th anniversary of its foundation, Varah expressed some disapproval of the way it was being run. Indeed there had been skirmishes before; back in 1974, Varah had been removed as a director of the London branch and simply styled "founder". Perhaps Varah was too large a personality to be involved with the organisation he had created. Its growth meant far greater controls and modern technology dramatically broadened its scope. Certainly he was much heartened when his son, Michael, was appointed a trustee of the Samaritans in 2005 which signalled a necessary r |
Which is the only remaining women's college in Oxford University? | ">Video of Into the Mix: 40 Years of Coeducation at Oxford The History of Women at Oxford It was thanks to individual initiatives, and the pioneering work of the Association for Promoting the Higher Education of Women (AEW), that women's colleges came to be established in Oxford. Lady Margaret Hall and Somerville opened in 1879, followed by St Hugh's in 1886 and St Hilda's in 1893. St Anne's, which in 1952 was the last of the women's colleges to be incorporated by Royal Charter, originated as the Society of Oxford Home Students, catering for women students who lived with private families in Oxford while attending courses organised by the AEW. The five women's societies were granted full collegiate status in 1959. Five all-male colleges - Brasenose, Jesus College, Wadham, Hertford and St Catherine's - first admitted women in 1974. St Hilda's College, which was originally for women only, was the last of Oxford's single sex colleges. All colleges have admitted both men and women since 2008. The first woman to be appointed to a full professorship was Agnes Headlam-Morley, who became Montague Burton Professor of International Relations in October 1948. Ida Mann had become Reader in Ophthalmology in 1941 and Titular Professor from January 1945; however the Annual Report of the University for 1947-8 states that ' ...Miss Headlam-Morley... is the first woman to be elected to a full professorship at Oxford. Miss Ida Mann, who until 30 September 1947 was Margaret Ogilvie's Reader in Ophthalmology, held only the title of Professor... '. Both women were Fellows of St Hugh's College. In 1973 Balliol was the first of the traditional all-male colleges to elect a woman as a Fellow and Tutor. Oxford currently has ten female Heads of House: the Principals of Green Templeton College, Mansfield, St Hugh's, and Somerville; the Provost of Oriel; the Masters of Pembroke and St Cross; the Warden of St Antony's; and the Presidents of St John's and Wolfson. In 1993 Professor Marilyn Butler, former Rector of Exeter, became the first female head of a former all-male college at either Oxford or Cambridge. In 2016 Professor Louise Richardson became the first female Vice-Chancellor of the University of Oxford. Athena SWAN Awards Athena SWAN awards The Athena Swan Charter supports good employment practices for women in Science, Engineering and Technology (SET). Going through the Athena SWAN application process gives universities and departments the space to reflect on, and celebrate, current organisational and cultural practices that promote gender equality in SET. Athena SWAN also offers a valuable framework for introducing cultural changes that create a better working environment for both men and women. The University of Oxford has held an institutional award since 2006. There is a significant amount of activity on Athena SWAN amongst departments at Oxford. All Mathematical, Physical and Life Sciences, and Medical Sciences, departments are committed to the initiative. Our current award holders are listed here . A new Gender Equality Charter Mark for Humanities and Social Sciences, based on the Athena SWAN model, will be launched at the end of 2014. |
What is the bonus for placing a letter of a word on a red square in a game of 'Scrabble'? | Scrabble Rules - How to Play Scrabble - Official SCRABBLE Rules Scrabble Rules Links to Scrabble rules and Scrabble official game instructions. Two to four players play in any game of Scrabble. The object of Scrabble is to score more points than one's opponent. A player collects points by placing words on the game board. Each letter has a different point value, so the strategy becomes to play words with high scoring letter combinations. The Scrabble Board A Scrabble game board is made of up cells in a square grid. The Scrabble board is 15 cells wide by 15 cells high. The Scrabble tiles fit within these cells one to a cell. Scrabble Tiles Scrabble is played with exactly 100 tiles. 98 of these tiles contain letters on them, while there are 2 blank tiles. These blank tiles add a wildcard aspect to Scrabble. The blanks substitute for any letter in the alphabet. Once played, a blank tile remains for the remainder of the game the letter for which it was substituted when first played. Various letters have different point values, depending on the rarity of the letter and the difficulty in playing it. Blank tiles have no point value. Tile Values Here are the point values for each letter in Scrabble. 0 Points - Blank tile. 1 Point - A, E, I, L, N, O, R, S, T and U. 2 Points - D and G. 3 Points - B, C, M and P. 4 Points - F, H, V, W and Y. 5 Points - K. 8 Points - J and X. 10 Points - Q and Z. Extra Point Values Some squares on the Scrabble board represent multipliers. If a tile is placed on this square, then the tile's value is multiplied by a factor or either 2x or 3x. Certain tiles multiply the point value of an entire word and not simply the tile on that space. Double Letter Scores - Light blue cells are found isolated on the board. When a tile is placed on this space, that tile's point value is multiplied by two. Triple Letter Score - This is a dark blue cell on the Scrabble. The tile placed on this square has its points multiplied by three. Double Word Score - Light red cells are found running diagonally towards the four corners of the board. When a player plays a word on one of these squares, the point value of the entire word is multiplied by two. Triple Word Score - This is a dark red square on the Scrabble board. These are found on the four sides of the board equidistant from the four corners of the board. When a word is played using this square, then the points for the word are multiplied by three. One Single Use - Note that extra point squares are only usable once. If one player plays a word using this cells, then the next time that space is used to make a word, the point value is not multiplied. Starting the Game Without looking into the tile bag, each of the Scrabble players takes one tile out of the tile bag. Whichever player has the letter closest to the beginning of the alphabet goes first. A blank tile is considered better than an "A". These tiles are placed into the bag once more. Starting the game, each player begins their turn by drawing seven tiles apiece from the bag. The player can do one of three things on a turn. The player can place a word, exchange tiles or pass. Most of the time, the player will take the option of playing a word. Exchanging tiles allows a player to replace anywhere between one and all of the tiles on the player's rack. If this option is taken, the player cannot do anything else that hand. Therefore, a tile exchange cannot be performed on a turn when the player places a word on the board. A player may pass at any time. If all player's pass twice in a row, then the game ends. The First Word Score A player begins the game by placing a word on the star square at the center of the board. This star acts as a double word score. The star cell does not act as a double word score for subsequent players playing off the center square. Play continues in a clockwise direction around the Scrabble board. Replacing Scr |
Who did Charles Darwin replace on the reverse of Bank of England £10 notes? | Here she is Photo by Chris Ratcliffe - Pool/Getty Images When the Bank of England announced earlier this year that it would replace Elizabeth Fry, 19th century social reformer, with Winston Churchill on the 5-pound note, it got an earful from critics. Fry was the only woman represented on British currency, apart from the Queen. Critics led a campaign imploring the Bank to reverse its decision and to instead replace Fry with another prominent British woman. The petitioners argued that while Queen Elizabeth’s face graces the front of every banknote, the monarch hardly represents the women of England—she’s on the currency because of her bloodline, not her merits. Apart from the Queen and Fry, Florence Nightingale is the only other woman whose face has appeared on a British banknote. (Nightingale was featured on the 10-pound note from 1975 until 1992). Well, the campaign kind of worked! While Churchill is still a go for the 5-pound note, the bank announced earlier today that Jane Austen will be replacing Charles Darwin on the 10-pound banknote, effective in 2017. Advertisement Campaigners for the Fry slot, who went as far as to threaten to sue the Bank for failing to take the country’s 2010 Equality Act into account when choosing a face, are overjoyed. Not only have they secured a place for the novelist in the currency, the Bank of England has agreed to review the process through which a prominent figure is granted this honor. But not everyone is convinced that Austen is the right choice. Susie Boniface argues in the Mirror that England has produced far worthier women like mathematician Ada Lovelace or Margaret Thatcher, who deserve recognition more than the 18th century novelist, because, in Boniface’s words, while Austen “wrote perfectly good books,” she “didn’t change the world.” Boniface also chides the novelist for her reliance on the marriage plot. Boniface and English Professor John Mullan of the University College, London debated the issue in the Guardian last month, when Mullan rightly noted that it’s hard to enter into a discussion on whether or not Austen is the best choice to represent women in British currency without trying to compare apples to oranges, scientists to social activists. Even Boniface admits that the issue isn’t who should represent British women, but that women are expected to identify with one single “representative” at all. It’s a heavy burden for Austen, just as it would be for Thatcher. The Bank of England announced that the bill will include a portrait of Austen adapted from a sketch by her sister Cassandra, and a quote from Pride and Prejudice: “I declare after all there is no enjoyment like reading!” And with that line from the insufferable Miss Bingley Austen will join the ranks of Shakespeare and Dickens. They should have gone with: “How quick come the reasons for approving what we like!” Mariana Zepeda is a Slate intern. |
In which part of your body would you find the 'Pyramids of Malpighi'? | Malpighi | Define Malpighi at Dictionary.com Malpighi [mahr-chel-law] /mɑrˈtʃɛl lɔ/ (Show IPA), 1628–94, Italian anatomist. Related forms [mal-pig-ee-uh n] /mælˈpɪg i ən/ (Show IPA), adjective Dictionary.com Unabridged Examples from the Web for Malpighi Expand Historical Examples The Insect Jules Michelet Malpighi could not satisfy himself as to the existence of seeds, which other botanists have pretended to discover. Disease in Plants H. Marshall Ward In the anatomical field the work of Malpighi and Swammerdam was at first continued most energetically by French students. British Dictionary definitions for Malpighi Expand noun 1. Marcello (marˈtʃɛllo). 1628–94, Italian physiologist. A pioneer in microscopic anatomy, he identified the capillary system (1661) Derived Forms Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Expand Malpighi Mal·pi·ghi (māl-pē'gē, mäl-), Marcello. 1628-1694. Italian anatomist who pioneered the use of a microscope in the study of anatomy and discovered the capillary system. The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. Malpighi (māl-pē'gē) Italian anatomist who was the first to use a microscope in the study of anatomy. He discovered the capillary system, extending the work of William Harvey. He is also noted for his studies of the structure of the lungs, spleen, liver, kidneys, skin, brain, and spinal cord. The American Heritage® Science Dictionary Copyright © 2002. Published by Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved. |
Who was the female actress that starred with Bob Hope and Bing Crosby in the famous 'Road To' films? | Dorothy Lamour - Biography - IMDb Dorothy Lamour Biography Showing all 59 items Jump to: Overview (5) | Mini Bio (2) | Spouse (2) | Trade Mark (1) | Trivia (33) | Personal Quotes (9) | Salary (7) Overview (5) 5' 5" (1.65 m) Mini Bio (2) In addition to being Miss New Orleans in 1931, Dorothy Lamour worked as a Chicago elevator operator; band vocalist for her first husband, band leader Herbie Kaye ; and radio performer. In 1936 she donned her soon-to-be-famous sarong for her debut at Paramount, The Jungle Princess (1936), and continued to play female Tarzan-Crusoe-Gauguin-girl-with make-up parts through the war years and beyond. The most famous of these was in the popular Bob Hope / Bing Crosby "Road" pictures - a strange combination of adventure, slapstick, ad-libs and Hollywood inside jokes. Of these she said, "I was the happiest and highest-paid straight woman in the business." As she aged, however, the quality of her films dropped. Among her serious films were Johnny Apollo (1940) and A Medal for Benny (1945). - IMDb Mini Biography By: Ed Stephan <[email protected]> Dorothy Lamour was born with the birth name of Mary Leta Dorothy Slaton on December 10, 1914, in New Orleans, Louisiana. She was a beautiful child who turned heads as a teenager with her long dark hair. However, her dream was to become a professional singer not actress. After she won a beauty contest as Miss New Orleans in 1931, she headed to Chicago to find her work as a singer. For a time, Dorothy worked as an elevator operator in a department store before going on to become a vocalist in the Herbie Kay band. Kay became her first husband in 1935, but the marriage only lasted four years. In addition to the band, Dorothy also sang on a Chicago radio program. Besides Kay, she performed with Rudy Vallee and 'Eddie Duchin (I)'. 1933 found Dorothy in Hollywood where she landed an uncredited bit part as a chorus girl in the musical Footlight Parade (1933). She didn't appear in films again until 1936 when she landed a part as a coed in College Holiday (1936). Later in 1936, Dorothy got the part of Ulah in The Jungle Princess (1936) produced by E. Lloyd Sheldon and filmed at Paramount. This film was a tremendous moneymaker as Dorothy stole the show in her wrap-around sarong. Dorothy became an instant star as the child of nature/female Tarzan, raised with a pet tiger among the tropical natives. Ray Milland starred opposite her as the man from civilization who woos and wins her. The scene where Milland is trying to teach her the word kiss is touching yet humorous. When he kisses her and tells her that is a kiss she runs away. She went on to play similar parts in the sarong in productions including The Hurricane (1937), Typhoon (1940), Beyond the Blue Horizon (1942) and her final big-screen sarong feature, Donovan's Reef (1963). Although Dorothy actually only wore a sarong in six of her 59 pictures, it defined her career. The sarong stayed with her in the Bob Hope / Bing Crosby "Road" pictures for Paramount. The trio starred in Road to Singapore (1940), Road to Zanzibar (1941), Road to Morocco (1942), Road to Utopia (1945) and Road to Bali (1952). A final "Road" picture, "Road to the Fountain of Youth" was in the works in 1977, until Bing Crosby 's sudden death. The final completed "Road" picture, The Road to Hong Kong (1962), had Hope and Crosby in their usual roles, but no Dorothy this time - Joan Collins had the female lead in it. Dorothy was a great actress with roles in Disputed Passage (1939), Dixie (1943) and On Our Merry Way (1948)_ . She could show great range in both comic and dramatic roles. After making three films in 1949, her career began to trail off. She only made ten films between 1951 and 1987. That last one was Creepshow 2 (1987) where she played a housewife who gets murdered, a long way from the "Road" pictures and movies such as Johnny Apollo (1940) and A Medal for Benny (1945). Dorothy died at 81 of an undisclosed ailment on September 22, 1996 in Los Angeles, California. - IMDb Mini Biography By: Denny Jackson Spouse (2) Often wore a flo |
"When asked why he wanted to climb Everest, which famous mountaineer replied. ""Because it' there""?" | You can watch a man jump from Mount Everest | HLNtv.com You can watch a man jump from Mount Everest By Wed February 5, 2014 AFP/Getty Images When asked why he wanted to climb Mount Everest, famous mountaineer George Mallory reportedly replied " Because it's there ." Mallory died on Everest in 1924. Now in 2014, Joby Ogwyn wants to climb up all 29,029 feet of Everest, and jump off, because it's there. Ogwyn is going to be part of a Discovery Channel live special , during which he will reach the summit of the mountain and jump off wearing a wingsuit and parachute. He'll fly down more than 10,000 feet before landing at the base of the mountain. This latest extreme stunt for Discovery follows the network's success broadcasting Nik Wallenda crossing the Grand Canyon on a tight rope and Felix Baumgartner's "space jump." Ogwyn has experience on Everest. At the age of 26, he reportedly became the youngest person to achieve the "seven summits," meaning he had climbed the highest peaks on all seven continents . He has also solo-climbed Everest, and he describes himself as a wingsuit pilot, as you can see below from a YouTube video on his channel. It will be a difficult undertaking just getting to the summit. According to AdventureStats , from 1922 to 2006, just 29% of those who set out to reach the summit of Everest have succeeded. The fatality rate of Everest climbers over that period was 1 out of 50. |
What was the pseudonym of the Swiss born architect, Charles Edouard Jeanneret? | Le Corbusier - definition of Le Corbusier by The Free Dictionary Le Corbusier - definition of Le Corbusier by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Le+Corbusier Also found in: Thesaurus , Encyclopedia , Wikipedia . Le Cor·bu·sier (lə kôr-bo͞o-zyā′, -bü-) Pseudonym of Charles Édouard Jeanneret. 1887-1965. Swiss-born French architect and writer. The most powerful advocate of the modernist school, he designed numerous functional concrete buildings and high-rise residential complexes. Le Corbusier (French lə kɔrbyzje) n (Biography) real name Charles Édouard Jeanneret. 1887–1965, French architect and town planner, born in Switzerland. He is noted for his use of reinforced concrete and for his modular system, which used units of a standard size. His works include Unité d'Habitation at Marseilles (1946–52) and the city of Chandigarh, India (1954) Le Cor•bu•sier |
What was the name of the Los Angeles nightclub that is recognised as being the world's first 'discotheque'? | The World's First Disc Jockey Is... German?! - ABC News ABC News Meet Heinrich, the World's First Disc Jockey By DAVID CROSSLAND Email The quiet western city of Aachen, which last made news when Charlemagne lived there 1,200 years ago, has a credible claim to being the birthplace of the discotheque -- meaning that the world's first disc jockey was called Heinrich. Up until the late 1950s, dancing establishments around the world would rely exclusively on live bands. Records were shunned because they were regarded as "dead music." Then, in October 1959, Austrian businessman Franzkarl Schwendinger broke new ground. He opened an exclusive restaurant, the Scotch Club, in Aachen, and hired someone to play a series of records for entertainment. He got the idea from listening to Radio Luxembourg, a radio station that was rapidly reaching cult status by playing pop music, something unheard of in the conservative world of German broadcasting at the time. Stay Up to Date on the Latest Travel Trends from ABC News on Twitter Heinrich, whose real name is Klaus Quirini, was a 19-year-old cub reporter for the local newspaper and had been sent to write a story about the strange new phenomenon of public record-playing. The man on stage, an opera singer from Cologne, would change records without saying anything, and the audience wasn't impressed. Miracle Stuns Audience "The place was full but the entertainment wasn't going down very well, so we started complaining," Quirini told SPIEGEL ONLINE. "I was drinking whisky for the first time in my life and I may have been a little loud so the manager came over and said why don't you give it a try." Fuelled by liquid courage , he jumped on stage. "I said: Ladies and gentlemen, we're going to roll up our trouser legs and flood this place because A Ship Will Come with Lale Andersen!" 'A Ship Will Come' by the German singer Lale Andersen was a hit at the time and the audience was stunned at the witty introduction to the song, says Quirini. "People started applauding, they thought a miracle had happened." A new trend was born that night in Aachen. Some might argue that the Scotch Club with its sentimental German ballads and strict dress code -- jackets and ties for the men and definitely no trousers for women -- paved the way for the discos of the 1970s and the modern techno nightclubs with laser shows and dancers gyrating from suspended cages. Aachen Triggered Disco Revolution The discotheque swept Europe throughout the 1960s and didn't reach the US until the 1970s, says Quirini. In fact, he recalls not being impressed by the venues he saw in New York during a trip in the mid- 1980s. "I didn't see a single smart discotheque there. We were 10 to 15 years ahead of them." "Rivals in the business poked fun at us at first but history proved us right," says Quirini, now 68. Schwendinger, the owner of the Scotch Club, knew he was on to a good thing and immediately offered Quirini a full-time job, for 800 marks a month, a huge salary at the time. But his father, a prominent judge who was conducting a major political trial at the time, insisted that he change his name if he took the job. "At first I wanted to call myself Egon, because there was a hit at the time called 'Oh Egon, I Only Drank a Glass too Many Out of Love for You.' But we didn't have that record," says Quirini. "But we had a record that went 'Heinrich, I've Only Got You.' So I changed my name to Heinrich. When I walk through Aachen people in their 70s and 80s still say Heinrich to me." DJ Heinrich worked at the Scotch Club for eight years, adding Rock and Roll to his repertoire of German ballads, Frank Sinatra and Dean Martin. He moved to Switzerland and setting up the Alpine country's first discotheque in 1968. He then worked on pirate radio from a ship moored in the port of Hamburg for three months, until the city threatened to prosecute him and he had to leave. "You've Either Got it or You Haven't" The word discotheque was coined a few years after Quirini first jumped on stage -- the Scotch Club called itself a Jockey Dance Bar, a descripti |
The first five books of the Bible, the Five Books of Moses, are known by which name in the Jewish religion? | 3. The Law: The First Five Books | Bible.org From the series: Concise Old Testament Survey PREVIOUS PAGE | NEXT PAGE 3. The Law: The First Five Books The first five books of the Bible are sometimes called the Pentateuch which means “five books.” They are also known as the books of the law because they contain the laws and instruction given by the Lord through Moses to the people of Israel. These books were written by Moses, except for the last portion of Deuteronomy because it tells about the death of Moses. These five books lay the foundation for the coming of Christ in that here God chooses and brings into being the nation of Israel. As God’s chosen people, Israel became the custodians of the Old Testament, the recipients of the covenants of promise, and the channel of Messiah (Rom. 3:2; 9:1-5). GENESIS (The Book of Beginnings) Author: 1450-1410 B.C. Name of the Book: The name Genesis is taken from the Septuagint (LXX), the Greek translation of the Old Testament. Theme and Purpose: Even a casual reading of the Book of Genesis reveals the prominence of the theme of blessing and cursing. For obedience and faith, there is blessing as in the Garden of Eden, but for disobedience, there is cursing. The entire book turns on this theme and its antithetical opposite, cursing. But perhaps the main theme is the choice of a nation through Abraham and the Abrahamic covenant. Through Abraham God promised to bless the nations (Gen. 12:1-3; 15:1-21). Key Words: “Generations” or “account.” A key word or phrase is “these are the generations of” or “this is the account of.” It is used some eleven times to introduce the reader to the next section which gives the narrative about what happened in connection with the key events and persons of the book from the creation of the heavens and the earth to all the patriarchs of Israel. Key Idea: Beginnings: Genesis not only means ‘beginning’, but it is the book of beginnings. The book of Genesis gives us our historical point of reference, from which all subsequent revelation proceeds. In the book of Genesis all the major themes of the Bible have their origin. It is a book of many beginnings: in it we see the beginning of the universe, of man and woman, of human sin and the fall of the race, the beginning of God’s promises of salvation, and the beginning of the nation Israel as the chosen people of God because of God’s special purpose for them as the channel for Messiah and Savior. In Genesis we learn about Adam and Eve, about Satan the tempter, about Noah, the flood, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Joseph and his brothers. But here we also have the beginning of marriage, family, work, sin, murder, capitol punishment, sacrifice, races, languages, civilization, Sabbath, the first attempt at a united nations, and Babylonianism. The Bible is, through and through, a historical revelation. It is the account of God’s activity in history. Key Chapters: Since the call of Abraham and the promises of blessing to the nations through his seed is the prominent message of Genesis, the key chapters are those relating to the Abrahamic covenant and its reiteration, 12:1-3; 15:1-21; 17:1-9. Key People: Adam, Eve, Noah, Abraham, Sarah, Isaac, Rebekah, Esau, Jacob, Rachel, Joseph. Christ as Seen in Genesis: Prophetically: Immediately after the fall, the promise of salvation is given in the seed of the woman (3:15), but then the Messianic links are made clear throughout Genesis: the line of Seth (4:25), the offspring of Shem (9:26), the family of Abraham (12:3), the seed of Isaac (26:3), the sons of Jacob (46:3), and the tribe of Judah (49:10). Typologically: There are several key types that portray the Savior in Genesis. (1) Adam is a type of Christ (Rom. 5:14). As Adam is the head of the old creation, so Christ is the head of the new spiritual creation. (2) Abel’s offering of a blood sacrifice points to Christ who would die for us. Abel’s murder by Cain may also illustrate Christ’s death. (3) Melchizedek is also a type of Christ (see Heb. 7:3). (4) Joseph, who was loved dearly by his father, betrayed by his brothers, an |
Which computer programming language was named after Charles Babbadge's assistant, Lady Lovelace? | Ada Lovelace | Babbage Engine | Computer History Museum The Analytical Engine weaves algebraic patterns just as the Jacquard loom weaves flowers and leaves. 1843 Ada Lovelace (1815-1852) was born Augusta Ada Byron, the only legitimate child of Annabella Milbanke and the poet Lord Byron. Her mother, Lady Byron, had mathematical training (Byron called her his 'Princess of Parallelograms') and insisted that Ada, who was tutored privately, study mathematics too - an unusual education for a woman. Ada met Babbage at a party in 1833 when she was seventeen and was entranced when Babbage demonstrated the small working section of the Engine to her. She intermitted her mathematical studies for marriage and motherhood but resumed when domestic duties allowed. In 1843 she published a translation from the French of an article on the Analytical Engine by an Italian engineer, Luigi Menabrea, to which Ada added extensive notes of her own. The Notes included the first published description of a stepwise sequence of operations for solving certain mathematical problems and Ada is often referred to as 'the first programmer'. The collaboration with Babbage was close and biographers debate the extent and originality of Ada's contribution. Perhaps more importantly, the article contained statements by Ada that from a modern perspective are visionary. She speculated that the Engine 'might act upon other things besides number... the Engine might compose elaborate and scientific pieces of music of any degree of complexity or extent'. The idea of a machine that could manipulate symbols in accordance with rules and that number could represent entities other than quantity mark the fundamental transition from calculation to computation. Ada was the first to explicitly articulate this notion and in this she appears to have seen further than Babbage. She has been referred to as 'prophet of the computer age'. Certainly she was the first to express the potential for computers outside mathematics. In this the tribute is well-founded. © Computer History Museum | Credits |
Who became the First Minister of Scotland when the Scottish Parliament was established in 1999? | Who have been Scotland's first ministers? - BBC News BBC News Who have been Scotland's first ministers? 16 May 2016 Read more about sharing. Close share panel Image caption Five politicians have served a first minister since the devolved Scottish Parliament was created in 1999 Nicola Sturgeon is set to continue as Scotland's first minister following the SNP's victory in the Scottish Parliament election on 5 May 2016. Ms Sturgeon became first minister on 20 November 2014, following the resignation of Alex Salmond. She is the fifth politician to head Scotland's devolved government (not counting Jim Wallace, who served as acting first minister three times.) Here's a quick look at Scotland's leaders, past and present, and the legacies they have left. Donald Dewar: 13 May 1999 - 11 October 2000 Image copyright PA Donald Dewar secured his place in history when he became first minister of the first Scottish Parliament in almost 300 years, but his time in the role was cut sadly short. He was known for an astute legal brain, fierce, fast and formidable debating skills and squaring up to the opposition benches. Not a typical Labour man, he was born in Glasgow on 21 August 1937 into a middle class family and studied law before entering the Commons in 1966 as MP for Aberdeen South and, later, represented the seat of Glasgow Garscadden. His loyalty in the shadow cabinet during Labour's wilderness years saw him rewarded with the post of secretary of state for Scotland by Tony Blair in 1997 - the vehicle by which he helped bring about devolution two years later, earning him the title "Father of the Nation". Mr Dewar became MSP for Glasgow Anniesland, but his new administration was soon embroiled in an access-to-ministers scandal, the Holyrood building fiasco and the repeal of Section 28. He admitted the first year was "towsy". Despite an operation to replace a leaky heart valve and being two years off becoming a pensioner, he was determined to resume his key role in politics. On 10 October 2000, Mr Dewar fell on the pavement outside his official residence and later died from a brain haemorrhage. Mr Dewar's legacy lives on through the devolved parliament itself, and a towering statue of the man himself in Glasgow city centre. Henry McLeish: 26 October 2000 - 8 November 2001 Image copyright PA Whatever Henry McLeish's achievements in politics, his tenure in office will always be marked by having been the only Scottish first minister forced to resign from the job. The former professional footballer cut his political teeth in Fife in the early 1970s, working his way through the echelons of Kirkcaldy District Council and Fife Regional Council to be elected Labour MP for Fife Central in 1987. He served on the shadow benches before becoming a devolution minister in the former Scottish Office, playing a key role in delivering the Scottish Parliament in 1999. Mr McLeish was regarded as a competent parliamentary performer, and was seen as a safe pair of hands to take over the reins following the death of Donald Dewar. But there were doubts about the presence of a "common touch" and the ability to control rebellion in the ranks. Nevertheless, he masterminded the introduction of Scotland's historic scheme to provide free personal care for the elderly. The Fife MSP's downfall came during a row over his Westminster constituency office expenses, dubbed "Officegate". The episode was made worse by Mr McLeish's inability to resolve the matter in the eyes of the public and media, and he eventually stood down as first minister, describing his actions as "a muddle, not a fiddle". Mr McLeish's post-Holyrood years have seen him lecture widely in the United States. He has also served on several SNP government investigations and commissions looking into a range of issues, including prisons, football, broadcasting and colleges. That, along with his post-2007 commentary about Labour's woes, during which he lambasted the party's "culture of denial", led some observers to cheekily question whether he was "going Nat". Jack McConnell: 22 November 2001 - 16 May 2007 |
Who was the founder of Harrow Public School? | Schools: Harrow School | British History Online Schools: Harrow School Schools: Harrow School Pages 299-302 This free content was digitised by double rekeying . All rights reserved. Citation: HARROW SCHOOL Harrow School Azure a lion rampant in dexter chief two arrows in saltire points downward tied in the centre with a bow and enfiled with a wreath laurel all argent[Granted 1929] In February 1572 John Lyon, a yeoman of Preston in Harrow, secured from Elizabeth I a charter to re-found a free grammar school for the boys of the parish of Harrow, to send two scholars to Cambridge and two to Oxford, and to improve the highways between Edgware and London. (fn. 1) These intentions were amplified by Lyon's 'Orders, Statutes and Rules' (often called his will) drawn up in 1591. The schoolmaster was to be at least an M.A. and the usher a B.A., with salaries of £20 and £10 respectively, which were to be increased to 40 marks and 20 marks if Lyon left no heir. The schoolmaster might also teach fee-paying 'foreigners' provided that this did not adversely affect the children of the parish. Texts were prescribed for each of the five forms. There was to be no playtime except sometimes on fine Thursdays; church attendance was compulsory, but punishment with the rod was permitted only 'moderately' on pain of dismissal. No English was to be spoken above the First Form; two monitors were to be appointed to report (but not to punish) these and other faults, and a third was secretly to watch the other two. Parents were to provided paper, ink, pens, books, candles, and bows and arrows. (fn. 2) On the death of Lyon's widow in 1608 the Governors elected Anthony Rate to be master, although he does not appear to have been a university graduate and did not draw the full salary. In 1615 a new school building (the west wing of the present Old Schools) was ready; the Revd. William Lance, was appointed master with his brother Thomas as usher, the son of the vicar became the first recorded pupil, and the school settled down to follow the pattern provided in the Statutes. (fn. 3) The first notable Harrovian was William Baxter (1650-1723), a nephew of Richard Baxter the nonconformist divine, and a Welsh speaker at the time of his admission. (fn. 4) William Horne, headmaster 1669-85, the first of several Etonians to hold office, appears to have been successful. A letter written by a boy's mother in 1682 reveals that there were then about 120 boys and many boarding houses; in the master's house the fee for board and schooling was £22, but in a dame's boarding house only £14. During Horne's time a playing field was purchased, the school yard levelled, and the Silver Arrow archery competition instituted. (fn. 5) Under Thomas Brian (1691-1730), another Etonian, the school continued to flourish, although there was a period of depression towards the end of Anne's reign. With the accession of George I in 1714 Harrow became popular with the Whig aristocracy, since Tory Eton was suspected of Jacobitism. Harrow also enjoyed the patronage of James Brydges, later Duke of Chandos, a man of outstanding business capacity and a governor from 1713 to 1740, but the same period saw the number of free scholars decline to 14, while the Lyon exhibitions at the universities were often held by non-Harrovians or not at all. (fn. 6) The Revd. Dr. James Cox, usher under Brian, was appointed to succeed him, but according to the governors' minute he led a disorderly, drunken, idle life, and by 1746, when his debts forced him to abscond, numbers were down to 46. (fn. 7) In this crisis the governors appointed Dr. Thomas Thackeray, an Etonian and former Eton master whose strong Whig sympathies had made him unwelcome there. Numbers rose, additional masters were appointed, a further playing field was secured, and there was some reform of the curriculum, although this last improvement was only made possible by allowing assistant masters and even independent tutors to charge fees for private lessons in nonclassical subjects. Naturally this widened the breach between the foreigners (boarders, |
Spurn Point Lighthouse is situated at the mouth of which river estuary? | River Humber | estuary, England, United Kingdom | Britannica.com estuary, England, United Kingdom River Tamar River Humber, North Sea inlet on the east coast of England , one of the major deepwater estuaries of the United Kingdom . The River Humber originates at the confluence of the Rivers Ouse and Trent and forms the historic boundary between the counties of Yorkshire and Lincolnshire . The Humber is about 40 miles (64 km) long, extends west to east, and, with associated rivers and canals, drains 9,550 square miles (24,750 square km). The estuary itself is more than 0.75 mile (1.2 km) across at its farthest inland point and widens to more than 7 miles (11 km) near its mouth; there Spurn Head, a sand and shingle spit with lighthouse, lifeboat station, and bird sanctuary, extends into the estuary. The great width of the estuary has prevented unified economic development of its traditionally quite different north and south banks. The Humber Bridge (opened in 1981), spanning the estuary, was constructed chiefly to aid further development. Measuring 4,626 feet (1,410 metres) in length, it was the longest suspension bridge in the world when it was built and remains the longest in the United Kingdom. The River Humber is lined by the major ports of Kingston upon Hull , Grimsby , and Immingham . Humber Bridge over the River Humber, near Kingston upon Hull, Eng. Tonyharp |
Which was the first British postage stamp to be issued with perforations? | Your Guide to Collecting Queen Victoria Stamps | eBay Your Guide to Collecting Queen Victoria Stamps Share 29 June 2016 Stamp collecting as a hobby began around the same time the first stamp was issued, in the mid-19th Century. Collectors take up the hobby for several reasons, including philatelic investment. Queen Victoria stamps hold a special place in philately, because Great Britain issued the first postage stamps during the reign of Queen Victoria. In fact, the very first postage stamp ever issued, the Penny Black, displayed the profile of a young Queen Victoria. Several Queen Victoria stamps are included in lists of the rarest and most valuable stamps from Great Britain. Collectors of Queen Victoria stamps can find stamps at auctions, through stamp dealers, and at stamp markets called "bourses". Collecting stamps, especially old, rare, and valuable ones, requires a great deal of knowledge. Collectors should be familiar with the different types of Queen Victoria stamps, how they are graded, and how to determine a particular stamp's value. Collectors must also know how to use proper equipment to handle and store stamps safely. Classifications of Queen Victoria Stamps The major classifications of Queen Victoria stamps are based on changes in the way the stamps were printed, and changes to the design of the stamps. Some of the most common classifications are discussed in detail below. Imperforate Line Engraved Imperforate stamps printed using line engraving technology are called imperforate line engraved stamps.. The first stamps produced did not have the perforations that are now a feature of every postage stamp around the world. They had to be cut out of a sheet using scissors. Such stamps are called "imperforate". Line engraving is a time consuming printing process that results in very sharp and crisp designs. In this method, recesses are cut into a metal die, line-by-line, and dot-by-dot. Ink is then applied to the engraved plate, and the plate is wiped clean, leaving ink only in the engraved recesses. Paper, sometimes moistened, is then applied to the die under great pressure. The paper is forced into the recesses, and the ink prints the stamp's design. Line engraved stamps feature extremely fine and intricate details that are usually absent in later stamps. Imperforate line engraved Queen Victoria stamps were issued from 1840 to 1853. Perforated Line Engraved Soon after postage stamps were first issued, perforations were introduced to simplify the process of removing individual stamps from a sheet. Perforated line engraved stamps are simply stamps that are printed (using line engraved dies) onto a sheet, and then perforated. Line Engraved with Plate Numbers Line engraving used numbered plates made from the original die. Plates would wear out after some time, and would have to be replaced. The Penny Black and the Penny Red Brown stamps, both Queen Victoria stamps, were printed in sheets of 240 stamps. Starting with the 71st plate of Die II of the Penny Black, plate numbers were engraved on stamps. This practice began in 1858. Embossed Stamps Embossed stamps were developed to prevent stamp forgery. Embossed Queen Victoria stamps bear the head of Queen Victoria in cameo relief. Embossing successfully foiled forgery, but greatly slowed the printing process. Line engraving required only one movement of the machine, but each embossed stamp needed an additional pressing. A sheet of 24 stamps required 24 pressings, instead of one. Embossed stamps were not very popular, and were only printed for ten years. Surface Printed Issues Queen Victoria stamps printed using the surface printing method are called surface printed issues.. These are some of the most sought after stamps from this period. Surface printed issues are further divided into four so called "families": No corner letters Large, white corner letters Large, coloured corner letters Surface printing is also called "relief printing". The die or plate used features raised areas on its surface, which receive ink, and print the design onto the paper of the stamp. This |
Which amendment to the American Constitution abolished slavery? | 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Primary Documents of American History (Virtual Programs & Services, Library of Congress) Primary Documents in American History 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution Thomas Nast. Reproduction Number: LC-USZ62-2573 The 13th Amendment to the Constitution declared that "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." Formally abolishing slavery in the United States, the 13th Amendment was passed by the Congress on January 31, 1865, and ratified by the states on December 6, 1865. A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation This collection contains congressional publications from 1774 to 1875, including debates, bills, laws, and journals. The text of the 13th Amendment can be found the United States Statutes at Large, volume 13, page 567 (13 Stat. 567) and in volume 13, pages 774-75 (13 Stat. 774). References to debate on the 13th Amendment (S.J. Res. 16) can be found in the Congressional Globe on the following dates: March 31, 1864 - Debated in the Senate (S.J. Res. 16). April 7, 1864 - Debated in the Senate. April 8, 1864 - The Senate passed the 13th Amendment (S.J. Res. 16) by a vote of 38 to 6. June 14, 1864 - Debated in the House of Representatives. June 15, 1864 - The House of Representatives initially defeated the 13th Amendment (S.J. Res. 16) by a vote of 93 in favor, 65 opposed, and 23 not voting, which is less than the two-thirds majority needed to pass a Constitutional Amendment. December 6, 1864 - Abraham Lincoln's Fourth Annual Message to Congress was printed in the Congressional Globe: "At the last session of Congress a proposed amendment of the Constitution, abolishing slavery throughout the United States, passed the Senate, but failed for lack of the requisite two-thirds vote in the House of Representatives. Although the present is the same Congress, and nearly the same members, and without questioning the wisdom or patriotism of those who stood in opposition, I venture to recommend the reconsideration and passage of the measure at the present session." January 6, 1865 - Debated in the House of Representatives (S.J. Res. 16). January 28, 1865 - Debated in the House of Representatives. January 31, 1865 - The House of Representatives passed the 13th Amendment (S.J. Res. 16) by a vote of 119 to 56. February 1, 1865 - President Abraham Lincoln signed a Joint Resolution submitting the proposed 13th Amendment to the states. December 18, 1865 - Secretary of State William Seward issued a statement verifying the ratification of the 13th Amendment. Abraham Lincoln Papers at the Library of Congress The complete Abraham Lincoln Papers at the Library of Congress consists of approximately 20,000 documents. The collection is organized into three "General Correspondence" series which include incoming and outgoing correspondence and enclosures, drafts of speeches, and notes and printed material. Most of the 20,000 items are from the 1850s through Lincoln's presidential years, 1860-65. A selection of highlights from this collection includes: The Alfred Whital Stern Collection of Lincolniana This collection documents the life of Abraham Lincoln both through writings by and about Lincoln as well as a large body of publications concerning the issues of the times including slavery, the Civil War, Reconstruction, and related topics. From Slavery to Freedom: The Afri |
Which Japanese mountaineer was the first woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest? | The first woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest, The First Female to scale Mount Everest Home > China Travel Guide > Mount Everest The First Woman to Reach the Summit of Mount Everest Junko Tabei, a Japanese mountaineer, is the first woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest. She climbed to the top on May 16, 1975. Early Expeditions When Tabei studied in Showa Women's University, she had already been a member of the Mountain Climbing Club. After she got the English literature degree and graduated from University, she formed the "Ladies Climbing Club: Japan (LCC)" in 1969. Before climbing Mount Everest, she climbed Mount Fuji, Matterhorn in Swiss Alps and other mountains. Tabei was recognized as a mountain climber in Japan in 1972. Climbing Mount Everest Nihon Television and Yomiuri newspaper joint to sent an all-woman team to attempt an Everest expedition. They selected 15 women from hundreds of applicants, Tabei was one of them. They had trained for a long period, and began to climb in 1975. There are 9 Sherpa guide with them. The route they used was the same one Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay took in 1953. It was in early May. With the help of the nine Sherpa guide, they began the expedition. Unfortunately, only a few days later, they came across and avalanche, and the 9 guides and all the climbers were buried under the snow. A guide dug Tabei out when she was unconscious for several minutes. But the avalanche did not beat her down. 12 days later, Tabei became the first woman set on the summit of Mount Everest. “The mountain teaches me a lot of things. It makes me realize how trivial my personal problems are,” she said. “It also teaches me that life should not be taken for granted.” The Seven Summits Tabei had scaled Junko Tabei is also known as the first female to scale the “Seven Summits”, which are the highest mountains separating on seven continents. Mount Everest, world’s highest mountain, 8848m (29,029 ft), on the border of China’s Tibet and Nepal Denali, or Mount Mckinley, highest mountain in North America, 6193m (20,320ft), in night the temperature go down to -40℃ Elbrus, an inactive volcano in Russia, 5642m (18,442 ft) above the sea level Aconcagua, a part of Andes in South America, 6959m (22,841ft) above the sea level Carstensz Pyramid, in Indonesia, 4883.4m (16,023ft) above the sea level Kilimanjaro, located in Tanzania of Africa, with a height of 5963m (15,092 ft) Vinson Massif, in Antarctica, with a height of 4892m (16,050 ft) |
Britain's first credit card was issued by which bank? | Discover The History of Payment Cards| The UK Cards Association UK domestic cheque guarantee scheme is established. 1972 NatWest, Midland, Lloyds & RBS join together to issue the Access credit card under the Joint Credit Card Company (JCCC). 1972 Lloyds Bank ‘Cashpoint’ is the first on-line verified ATM using payment cards with a magnetic stripe. 1974 Consumer Credit Act (Section 75) provides protection to consumers buying goods costing between £30 and £10,000 (£100 and £30,000 in 2005) on their credit card: if the product turns out to be sub-standard, or fails to be delivered, the cardholder can claim compensation from the card-issuing bank. The Act (Section 84) also limits customer liability to no more than £50 if cards are stolen, and used by someone else. 1977 Barclaycard issues the first UK company card – hitherto cards had been issued only to individuals. 1977 Consumer Credit Act comes into force on July 1st 1977 1980s The UK moves to ‘duality’, i.e. banks begin to issue both Visa and Access cards. Subsequently, the Access consortium begins to break-up, and disappears as a brand as MasterCard gains recognition in the UK. This move brings world-wide acceptance to UK-issued cards. Early/mid 80s saw the introduction of electronic point of sale terminals. 1985/86 LINK cash machine network established (33 members including Abbey National, Nationwide, Co-Operative Bank, Girobank etc), essentially enabled by the 1986 Building Societies Act. 1986 Matrix cash machine network established (A&L, Anglia, Bradford & Bingley, Bristol & West, Leeds, National & Provincial, Woolwich etc) 1987 1987 Debit cards introduced: Barclays were the first UK bank on the scene issuing the Visa Delta card under the Connect brand in June. 1987 Four bank cash machine network established (Barclays, Lloyds, RBS, BoS) 1988 Switch debit card launched by Midland, NatWest and RBS with the first Switch transaction occurring in October 1988. 1988 Visa test the world’s first multi-function chip card, the SuperSmart card, in Japan. 1989 £100 and £250 UK cheque guarantee limits introduced. 1989 MINT cash machine network established (Midland, NatWest, TSB, Clydesdale, Northern Bank). 1989 LINK and Matrix cash machine networks merge. 1990s The early 1990s see increased competition, notably with an influx of card issuers from the USA. Emergence of affinity cards and cards issued by non-financial institutions. 1990 France introduces chip and PIN based upon France-only B0’ standard. (for French domestic use only) 1990 Cashback emerges as a means of acquiring cash (7m transactions in 1990). 1992 MasterCard launch the Maestro brand for its international debit card. 1993 Half of UK adults are regular users of cash machines. 1994 Half of UK adults hold a debit card. 1995 UK debit card volumes exceed credit card volumes for the first time. 1995 Mondex public trials start in Swindon on July 3rd 1995 Product innovation leads to the issuing of gold cards and, eventually, other ‘status symbol’ cards with additional features. 1996 One-billionth cash machine transaction processed by LINK. 1996 The average UK cash machine withdrawal exceeds £50 for the first time. 1996 Visa Electron launched and… 1997 …the Solo card is introduced to offer a closer level of financial management. As every transaction is pre-authorised, banks are able to market the card to a wider range of customers, especially to younger card holders such as students, and to link cards to savings/investment products.1998 UK debit card payments exceed personal cheques, and account for more than half of all non-cash spending in supermarkets. 1997 UK chip trials in Northampton and Dunfermline ran between October 1997, with over 117,000 cards issued, 535 terminals installed in 463 outlets, and 14 ATMs. 1998 UK’s first cash machine not owned by a financial institution installed by Bank Machine. 1998 UK debit card payments exceed personal cheques, and account for more than half of all non-cash spending in supermarkets. 1999 Half of all UK adults hold a credit card. The average value of a credit card purchases exceed |
Who is the only U.S. President to have held a patent? | Abraham Lincoln's Patent © Abraham Lincoln Online Lincoln's Patent On May 22, 1849, Abraham Lincoln received Patent No. 6469 for a device to lift boats over shoals, an invention which was never manufactured. However, it eventually made him the only U.S. president to hold a patent. Shown here is a replica of his scale model at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. Lincoln's Love of Inventions Lincoln displayed a lifelong fascination with mechanical things. William H. Herndon, his last law partner, attributed this to his father, saying, "he evinced a decided bent toward machinery or mechanical appliances, a trait he doubtless inherited from his father who was himself something of a mechanic and therefore skilled in the use of tools." Henry Whitney, another lawyer friend of Lincoln's, recalled "While we were traveling in ante-railway days, on the circuit, and would stop at a farm-house for dinner, Lincoln would improve the leisure in hunting up some farming implement, machine or tool, and he would carefully examine it all over, first generally and then critically;" Lincoln also delivered lectures on discoveries and inventions before he became president. "Man is not the only animal who labors; but he is the only one who improves his workmanship," he noted in 1858. In 1859 he praised the patent laws for having "secured to the inventor, for a limited time, the exclusive use of his invention; and thereby added the fuel of interest to the fire of genius, in the discovery and production of new and useful things." Lincoln and River Navigation Lincoln learned river navigation early in life and took a flatboat down the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers as a teenager. As he explained in his 1860 autobiography, "When he was nineteen, still residing in Indiana, he made his first trip upon a flatboat to New Orleans. He was a hired hand merely, and he and a son of the owner, without other assistance, made the trip." A few years later, Lincoln moved to Illinois and made a second flatboat trip to New Orleans. He recalled, "Abraham, together with his stepmother's son, John D. Johnston, and John Hanks, yet residing in Macon County, hired themselves to Denton Offutt to take a flatboat from Beardstown, Illinois, to New Orleans; and for that purpose were to join him -- Offutt -- at Springfield, Illinois, so soon as the snow should go off. When it did go off, which was about the first of March, 1831, the county was so flooded as to make traveling by land impracticable; to obviate which difficulty they purchased a large canoe, and came down the Sangamon River in it. This is the time and the manner of Abraham's first entrance into Sangamon County. They found Offutt at Springfield, but learned from him that he had failed in getting a boat at Beardstown. This led to their hiring themselves to him for twelve dollars per month each, and getting the timber out of the trees and building a boat at Old Sangamon town on the Sangamon River, seven miles northwest of Springfield, which boat they took to New Orleans, substantially upon the old contract." What Lincoln omitted from this account was a story of his ingenuity. Before the flatboat could get to the Illinois River, it became stranded on a milldam at New Salem , a small pioneer settlement along the Sangamon. As the boat took on water, Lincoln sprang to action. He had part of the cargo unloaded to right the boat, then secured an auger from the village cooper shop. After drilling a hole in the bow, he let the water run out. Then he plugged the hole, helped move the boat over the dam, and proceeded to New Orleans. In 1832, as a candidate for the Illinois General Assembly from Sangamon County, Lincoln published his first political announcement , in which he stressed, not surprisingly, the improvement of navigation on the Sangamon River. © Abraham Lincoln Online Lincoln's Patent Idea Lincoln started work on his invention between sessions of Congress in 1848. On his way home to Illinois his boat became stranded on a sandbar. As Herndon told the story, |
What is the correct verbal title used when addressing a Baron? | Correct Forms of Address Correct Forms of Address I provide the following summary charts for your convenience, with three important caveats: 1. Please do not use this page in a vacuum. Most of the usages listed here are explained in greater detail elsewhere in these pages, which is why I have resisted including charts at all until now. These charts are for convenience and reference. 2. Most of the information on this page comes directly from the 1932 edition of Black's Correct Form . Books like this which purport to demonstrate "correct forms of address" are aimed at a specific audience: commoners, i.e., those of us who were not raised "in the system" and haven't married into it. Usage among families and social equals could vary considerably from what is presented here, for all I know. Furthermore, I'm not even certain that period letters and memoirs help, because there could be different forms for (even informal) writing and in speech, and forms of course further vary in correspondence depending upon the recipient. Until a peer's daughter joins the Heyer Mailing List and tells me what's what, I welcome corrections on anything on this page from anyone in a position to know better, especially from first-hand experience. 3. These charts assume for illustrative purposes that eldest sons of peers bear a courtesy title only one degree lower than their father's, but that is not always the case. Specific Usages 1. First Names First names were almost never used in speech, except in extremely limited circumstances, before this century. I have studied memoirs and letters of the late 18th/early 19th centuries and have formed a tentative hypothesis that use of first names was resticted almost exclusively to children growing up together, or in some cases boys at school together. They would continue to use their childhood forms of address throughout their lives. Parents might also ignore titles when addressing their children, but very often if there was a title available, say an eldest son's courtesy title, even a mother would use it, albeit alone, e.g., Hartington. In Lady Harriet Cavendish's letters to her family, she always refers to her brother, the Marquis of Hartington, as "Hart" or "Hartington," as did their mother. She calls her cousin, Lady Caroline Ponsonby, "Caro" or "Caroline," as she likewise called her half-sister, Caroline de St. Jules. She also calls many of the Lambs by their first names. They were all raised together. (Both Carolines married Lambs, and so after their marriages Lady Harriet would distinguish between them as "Caro-William" and "Caro-George," respectively.) But Lady Harriet never refers to anyone outside this close circle of people she knew from infancy by their Christian names; she always uses their correct titles. (However, these references are in written correspondence, and may or may not reflect the terms used in actual speech.) Among men, rather than first names, intimacy was usually shown by using the title alone, e.g., Sherringham, Wrotham (or some diminutive of it, like "Sherry" or "Hart"), or by using the last name alone, e.g., Fairfax. Occasionally first names were used among very close friends who, as mentioned above, attended boarding school together from a young age, especially if the boy didn't have the peerage while he was in school, but inherited it later (which is why Lord Wrotham's friends call him "George," while they call Lord Sherringham "Sherry": Sherry had already inherited his peerage when he met them all in school, while George inherited his after they had all grown up). Even spouses often maintained more formal modes of address than Christian names, even in private. Most often a lady would call her husband by his title alone, as his intimate friends or his family would, e.g., Chatham. Obviously it would depend upon the couple, and many factors might contribute, such as age disparity or actual intimacy, but a wife would almost always ref |
Which member of the 'The Spice Girls' released the 2001 single, 'Lullaby'? | Melanie Brown - Biography - IMDb Melanie Brown Biography Showing all 58 items Jump to: Overview (4) | Mini Bio (2) | Spouse (2) | Trade Mark (2) | Trivia (31) | Personal Quotes (17) Overview (4) 5' 5" (1.65 m) Mini Bio (2) Born on the 29th May 1975 in Leeds, England, Melanie Brown became a member of Spice Girls in 1994. Their three albums sold than 40 million copies worldwide and they had nine singles at number 1 in the UK. "Hot" was her first solo album, released on 9th October 2000. It entered the UK charts at #28. Despite producing 2 Top 5 singles (3, if you include the hit "I Want You Back"), the album only ever re-entered the chart once after dropping out of the Top 100 - peaking at #95 when "Feels So Good" was being promoted in February 2001. To date, the album has sold about 50,000 copies in the UK. The album sold 8,000 copies in its first week. After she parted with Virgin Records, she started a new successful career as TV presenter and actress. In 2001, her own show This Is My Moment (2001) was a great success and, after the second series, she made a documentary about Africans voodoos. In 2002, she was one of the protagonists of the BBC3's sit-com Burn It (2003) and made her theater debut with "The Vagina Monologues" in London. She has a lead role in two upcoming movies: the horror LD 50 Lethal Dose (2003) and the comedy The Seat Filler (2004) (with Kelly Rowland of Destiny's Child ). From April to September 2004, she played the role of "Mimi" in the famous musical "Rent" on Broadway. In 2005, Melanie released her second solo album, "L.A. State Of Mind", featuring the single "Today". Both the single and the album flopped... - IMDb Mini Biography By: me Melanie Brown, aka "Mel B", best known as "Scary Spice" of the worldwide sensation singing group "The Spice Girls", is a chart-topping musical artist, actress, author, television personality and groundbreaking entrepreneur who is set to launch her own fashion line. Few artists have moved so effortlessly from one artistic medium to another as Mel B. As a recording artist, Mel B's achievements with the Spice Girls are legendary: 55 million records sold worldwide, nine number one singles in the UK, 11 gold records as well as a total of 24 platinum and multi-platinum records. The Spice Girls reunion World Tour was a critical and popular triumph and the group was recently named Best Band by the U.K. Glamour Awards. Mel B has continued the same successful ways as a solo artist. Her 1998 single "I Want You" with Missy Elliott sold 80,000 copies in its first week, and gave Mel B her first solo #1. Her debut solo album, "Hot" released in 2000, produced three top five singles. She followed up with the release "LA State of Mind" in 2005 and is currently at work with top producers on a new album she expects to be ready for release in late 2008. Mel B has also shone brightly as both an actress and television personality. She starred as "Mimi" in the smash hit Broadway musical "Rent", performed in the Vagina Monologues in London, had key roles in the feature films "LD 50 Lethal Dose", the Will Smith co-production "The Seat Filler", and appeared as a comedic performer in the British show "Burn It". Mel B has made a significant impact in the world of television, hosting "This Is My Moment", "The MOBO Awards", "Pure Naughty", "Voodoo Princess", "Top of the Pops", "Party in the Park for the Prince's Trust", and "The All Star Animal Awards" in addition to her role as a correspondent on the highly-rated "Access Hollywood." Mel B's most recent triumph was taking America by storm by on ABC's smash hit "Dancing with the Stars". Mel B and her partner Maksim Chmerkovskiy were the highest scoring couple during the 2007 season and made it to the finals, earning a perfect score on their final dance. Recently Mel B announced the launch of her own reality show for TLC, "The Singing Office." The show, executive produced by Mel B and her husband Stephen Belafonte, pits Mel B and Joey Fatone against each other to find the best workplace singers in America. Mel B and Stephen are also develop |
Which actress plays 'Lynn Bracken' in the 1997 film, 'L.A. Confidential'? | Kim Basinger - Bio, Facts, Family | Famous Birthdays Kim Basinger Actress Born In Georgia#29 About Won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role as Lynn Bracken in the 1997 film L.A. Confidential. She has also starred in such films as Batman, The Natural, Never Say Never Again, 8 Mile and Cellular. Before Fame She studied ballet for over ten years. She worked as a cover girl for five years before debuting in Charlie's Angels. Trivia She provided her voice for a 1998 episode of The Simpsons entitled "When You Dish Upon a Star." Family Life She married Alec Baldwin in 1993 and then divorced him in 2002. The couple had a daughter named Ireland in 1995. She was also previously married to Ron Snyder from 1980 to 1989. |
Which female singer was once in a band called 'Spit and Snot'? | The Bjork Picture Pages Dancer in the Dark Background: "Gling-Gl� (1990) was a bigger seller in Iceland than Debut (1993) and all the Sugarcubes' albums put together! That tells you a lot about Iceland." Bjork Icelandic musician Bjork first gained popularity as the lead singer of the Icelandic rock-pop band Sugarcubes (1988 to 1992). She later launched a solo career with her first solo album, Debut (1993), which spawned the dance single hits "Human Behavior," "Violently Happy" and "Big Time Sensuality." Other albums include Post (1995, spawned the nightclub hits "Hyper-Ballad" and "I Miss You"), Homogenic (1997, spawned the dance single hit "All is Full of Love"), Vespertine (2001) and Medulla (2004). The singer-songwriter also branched out to acting, gathering critical acclaim for starring as immigrant dancer Selma Yeskova in the musical Dancer in the Dark (2000, Bjork won Cannes Film Festival's Best Actress). She also sang the film's soundtrack "I've Seen It All" and earned an Academy Award Best Song nomination. "I find it very difficult to draw a line between what's sex and what isn't. It can be very, very sexy to drive a car, and completely unsexy to flirt with someone at a bar." Bjork 5' 4" tall Bjork, whose trademarks are her hair, accent and unusual sense of fashion, was one of VH1's "100 Greatest Women of Rock N Roll." Her private life has been linked to artists Tricky (one of the originators of the musical genre Trip-Hop; born on January 27, 1968) and Goldie (born on December 28, 1965), as well as photographer Stephane Sednaoui (directed some of her music videos and live performances). The mother of two children, Bjork was once married to Sugarcubes' guitarist ��r Eldon and is currently the wife of contemporary media artist Matthew Barney. A good friend of artists Madonna, P.J. Harvey and Tori Amos, Bjork co-wrote the Madonna song "Bedtime Stories." The eccentric artist, who drew attention while wearing the "swan dress" (reportedly will be auctioned off for charity in September of 2005) at the 73rd Annual Academy Awards, recently mentioned that she would never make another movie due to the difficulties she experienced while making Dancer in The Dark (2000). She headlined the Opening Ceremony of the 2004 Olympic games in Athens and recently released a double album of remixes to raise money for charity. Birch Tree Childhood and Family: "People are always asking me about Eskimos, but there are no Eskimos in Iceland." Bjork In Reykjavik, Iceland, Bj�rk Gudmundsd�ttir (Bj�rk means "a birch tree" and Gudmundsd�ttir means "Gudmund's daughter" in Icelandic) was born on November 21, 1965. Her parents, Gudmundur Gunnarsson (was an electrician) and Hildur Hauksd�ttir (went on three-week political hunger strike in 2002) divorced before she reached two years old. Bjork subsequently spent her childhood in a hippie community with her mother and her six siblings (three sisters and three brothers). She also has a stepfather, S�var �rnason, a former member of a rock band in Iceland. "When I was growing up, I always had the feeling I was dropped from somewhere else. That's how I was treated at school in Iceland where the kids used to call me "china girl" and everybody thought I was unusual because I looked Chinese." Bjork Bjork attended Reykjaviks music school and married Sugarcubes guitarist ��r Eldon. After their divorce, Bjork married (2000) contemporary media artist Matthew Barney and has one daughter with him, Isadora (born on October 3, 2002). Bjork also has a son with ��r Eldon named Sindri Eldon ��rson (born on June 8, 1986). In recognition of her contribution to promoting Iceland overseas, the government presented her the island of Ellidaey, off the coast of Iceland. Celebration of Oxygen Career: "All people have their own way of dealing with everyday problems. Some go for walks, others get drunk and some get laid. I write songs." Bjork 5-year-old Bjork began studying classical piano at age 5 and had been a professional child vocalist. A path toward success opened up when her teachers deliv |
What is the correct verbal title used when addressing a Cardinal? | How to Address Catholic Clergy: 14 Steps (with Pictures) - wikiHow How to Address Catholic Clergy One Methods: Rosary Prayer Community Q&A When speaking to members of the clergy, titles and addresses can be tricky. Depending upon where one resides, and where the clergy person resides, titles can vary from minor changes to major shifts in formality. This article will help you to determine how to identify and properly address members of the Catholic clergy. Steps 1 Identify the clergyman's hierarchical status or post. Below are a few identifying markers for various individuals within the Catholic hierarchy. It is important to note that these are more guidelines than rules; a Pastor may be Byzantine but wear a Roman cassock, for example. The Pope is easy to distinguish by the fact that his everyday cassock (robe worn by clergy when not doing anything liturgically) is white. He is usually the only one who has a white cassock (there is a tiny chance that an Eastern clergy member might wear a white cassock, since colors are not regulated closely in all Eastern Churches, and some Latin Priests are permitted to wear white cassocks in tropical countries). A Cardinal has a red cassock (although it should be noted that at least one regular Eastern Bishop has one). A Metropolitan or Eastern Bishop may wear a loose cassock, a riasa (a cloak-type garment worn over the cassock, with long, flowing sleeves), a tall black hat, possibly with a veil; in some Slavic traditions, a Metropolitan's hat will be white), and a Panagia, which is a medal with an icon of the Theotokos on it. A Latin Bishop may be recognized by the red lining, piping and buttons on his black cassock, the red sash around his waist, and that red skullcap (zucchetto). He also wears a pectoral Cross. A Monsignor is known by the red ng, piping and buttons on his black cassock. But he does not wear a pectoral Cross or a red skullcap. This title of honour is generally not given any more in the East. An Archpriest is maybe the Eastern Catholic equivalent of the rank of Monsignor. If he chooses to wear a hat, it may be purple or red. In a liturgical setting, he can also wear the shields, like a Bishop. Other than that, he dresses like an Eastern Rite Priest. An Eastern rite Priest dresses the same as a Bishop, with some exceptions. Instead of a Panagia, he wears a pectoral Cross. Instead of a klobuk, he may wear a black kamilavka. In some Churches, the kamilavka is a reward, while in others it is an option for any Priest. A Latin Priest wears a tighter fitting cassock. He also wears the white collar. An Eastern Deacon dresses the same as an Eastern Rite Priest, minus the pectoral Cross. 2 Address a Deacon: During a formal introduction, a Permanent Deacon should be introduced as “Deacon (First and Last Name).” He should be directly addressed as “Deacon (Last Name)” – or, on paper, as “Reverend Mr. (First and Last Name).” If it is a seminarian who is a Transitional Deacon, then he should be introduced as "Deacon(First and Last Name)." He should be directly addressed as “Deacon (Last Name)” – or, on paper, as “The Reverend Mr. (First and Last Name).” 3 Address a Brother: During a formal introduction, a Brother should be introduced as “Brother (First Name) of (name of community).” He should be directly addressed as “Brother (First Name)” – or, on paper, as “Reverend Brother (First Name), (initials of his community)” 4 Address a Sister: During a formal introduction, a Sister should be introduced as “Sister (First Name) of (name of community).” She should be directly addressed as “Sister (First and Last Name)” or “Sister” – or, on paper, as “Reverend Sister (First and Last Name), (initials of her community).” 5 Address a religious Priest: During a formal introduction, a religious Priest should be introduced as “The Reverend Father (First and Last Name) of (name of community).” He should be directly addressed as “Father (Last Name)” or simply “Father,” – or, on paper, as “The Reverend Father (First Name Middle Initial Last Name), (initials of his community).” 6 Address a mother superi |
What wasthe 'Prisoners Temporary Discharge For Ill- Health Act of 1913' better known as? | 1913 Cat and Mouse Act - UK Parliament 1913 Cat and Mouse Act Title: 1913 Cat and Mouse Act Date : 1913 Catalogue number : Parliamentary Archives, HL/PO/PU/1/1913/3&4G5c4 Description : The government sought to deal with the problem of hunger striking suffragettes with the 1913 Prisoners (Temporary Discharge for Ill-Health) Act, commonly known as the Cat and Mouse Act. This Act allowed for the early release of prisoners who were so weakened by hunger striking that they were at risk of death. They were to be recalled to prison once their health was recovered, where the process would begin again. |
October 4th 1910, which European monarch was deposed and fled on the Royal Yacht 'Amelia' to Gibraltar? | Manuel II of Portugal - Alchetron, The Free Social Encyclopedia I Love to read n write about Interesting People Manuel II of Portugal Reign 1 February 1908 – 5 October 1910 Successor Monarchy abolished First Portuguese Republic Teofilo Braga, as Head of State Prime Ministers See list Joao Franco Ferreira do Amaral Campos Henriques Sousa Teles Venceslau de Lima Veiga Beirao Teixeira de Sousa Born 15 November 1889 Belem Palace, Lisbon (1889-11-15) Burial 2 August 1932 Pantheon of the Braganzas Died July 2, 1932, Fulwell, London Spouse Augusta Victoria of Hohenzollern (m. 1913–1932) Parents Amelie of Orleans, Carlos I of Portugal Siblings Luis Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal, Infanta Maria Anna of Portugal Cousins Princess Maria de las Merce, Henri - Count of Paris, Prince Amedeo - Duke of A, Prince Aimone - Duke of A, Princess Anne of Orleans Similar People Carlos I of Portugal, Amelie of Orleans, Luis Filipe - Prince Royal of, Luis I of Portugal, John IV of Portugal Manuel ii of portugal Sponsored Links Dom Manuel II (15 November 1889 – 2 July 1932) "the Patriot" (Portuguese: "o Patriota") or "the Unfortunate" (Portuguese: "o Desventurado") was the last King of Portugal, ascending the throne after the assassination of his father, King Carlos I of Portugal, and his elder brother, Luis Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal. Before ascending the throne he was Duke of Beja. His reign ended with the dissolution of the monarchy in the 5 October 1910 revolution, and Manuel lived the rest of his life in exile. Early life Manuel Maria Filipe Carlos Amelio Luis Miguel Rafael Gabriel Gonzaga Francisco de Assis Eugenio was born in the last year of the reign of his grandfather, King Luis I; he was the third child, and last son, born to Carlos I of Portugal and Amelie of Orleans in the Palace of Belem, Lisbon, seven months before his father ascended the Portuguese throne. A member of the House of Braganza, he was baptized a few days later, with his maternal grandfather as godfather. The former Emperor Pedro II of Brazil, who had been deposed from the Brazilian throne on the day of Manuel's birth, attended the ceremony. Both Pedro and Manuel were descendants of Emperor Pedro I of Brazil. He received the traditional education of a member of the royal family, without the political preoccupations that befell his older brother, who was destined to become King. Although Manuel was raised as member of the upper class, he took a more populist tone after ascending to the throne, and abandoned many of the court protocols. He studied history and languages, and by the age of six spoke and wrote French. He demonstrated a love of literature and reading, unlike his older brother, who was more interested in physical activities. Manuel's upbringing included horse riding, fencing, rowing, tennis and gardening. He was a great lover of music, especially Beethoven and Wagner, and played the piano. As a child, Manuel played with the children of Count of Figueiro, the children of Count of Galveias and with the rest of the families of the Court. In 1902, he was taught by Franz Kerausch (Latin and German), later by Father Joao Damasceno Fiadeiro (Portuguese history); Marques Leitao (Mathematics); M. Boeye (French and French literature); Alfredo King (English and English literature), Father Domingos Fructuoso (Religion and Morals) and Alexandre Rey Colaco (piano). In 1903 he traveled with his mother and his brother to Egypt, on board the royal yacht Amelia, to expand his understanding of ancient civilizations. In 1907, he prepared to enter the Portuguese Naval Academy, to follow a naval career. Lisbon regicide His future in the Navy was abruptly shelved on 1 February 1908. On that day, the royal family returned from the palace of Vila Vicosa to Lisbon. On their way to the royal palace, the carriage carrying King Carlos and his family passed through the Terreiro do Paco where shots were fired by at least two men: Alfredo Costa and Manuel Buica. It is unclear whether the assassins were attempting to kill the King, the Prince Royal or the prime ministe |
On which holiday island are the peaks of 'Ruivo' and 'Arieiro', and the airport of 'Santa Cruz'? | Pico Ruivo Pico Ruivo At 1862 metres, Pico Ruivo is the tallest peak of Madeira Island and the third-tallest in Portugal and with temperatures a lot lower that those at sea level. It’s located in the centre of the Island with stunning views and walks. The only access to Pico Ruivo is through Achada do Teixeira in Santana and Pico do Arieiro. There are three pathways connecting to different points on the Island such as Pico do Arieiro, Ilha Village and Encumeada all picturesque expanses and the vastness of nature. An unforgettable place; if you arrive early before the clouds appear this is a perfect location to capture the sunrise and sunsets the closest place to heaven. |
On June 11th 1903, King Alexander and Queen Draga were murdered in their bedroom. Of which European country were they the reigning monarchs? | British Perceptions of Serbia and the Balkans, 1903-1906 | Slobodan G. Markovich - Academia.edu British Perceptions of Serbia and the Balkans, 1903-1906 S. Markovich Slobodan G. Markovich BRITISH PERCEPTIONS OF SERBIA AND THE BALKANS 1903–1906 Slobodan G. Markovich BRITISH PERCEPTIONS OF SERBIA AND THE BALKANS, 1903--1906 © 2000, Slobodan G. Markovich Published by Dialogue Association, 17, Chemin du pont d'Herville, 78520 Guernes (par Limay), France First published 2000 Dialogue Social Sciences & Philosophy Series Editor Dragan Pavlovitch Layout Mirko Militchevitch The publication of this book has been supported by ISBN ************* Dépôt légal : Janvier, 2001 ISBN 2-911-527-01-1 Slobodan G. Markovich BRITISH PERCEPTIONS OF SERBIA AND THE BALKANS, 1903--1906 DIALOGUE Paris CONTENTS page Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IX Note on the Transliteration of Names and Dates. . . . . . . . . . . . . XI Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 CHAPTER 1 The Perceptions of Serbia in Britain During the Nineteenth Century The First Anglo-Serbian Contacts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 The Establishment of Diplomatic Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 ¥The End of This Wheel-going Europe' -- The First British Works on Serbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 British Perceptions of Serbia during the Reign of Michael Obrenovich IV (1860--1868) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 The Eastern Crisis and British Perceptions of Serbia . . . . . . . . . 23 Servia, the Poor Man's Paradise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 CHAPTER 2 The Bad Boys of the Balkans ¥Foxy' King Ferdinand and James David Bourchier . . . . . . . . . . 37 The Macedonian Question. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Macedonian Revolutionary Organisations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Imagining Macedonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 King Alexander Obrenovich . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 The May Coup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 V Slobodan G. Markovich CHAPTER 3 British Official Perceptions Reactions to the May Coup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 British Official Perceptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 King Edward and the Diplomatic Relations with Serbia. . . . . . . 74 Further Development of the Crisis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 The Diplomatic Strike . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 The Re-establishment of Anglo-Serbian Diplomatic Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 CHAPTER 4 British Public Opinion and Serbia I. British Quality Dailies on Serbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 ¥Servia the Land of Assassinations, Abdications... ' . . . . . . . 95 The Withdrawal of the British Minister . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 The Regicides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 The Diplomatic Strike . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 Calm in 1905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 The Renewal of Diplomatic Relations with Serbia . . . . . . . 111 II. British Opinion Makers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 The Steads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Herbert Vivian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Marry E. Durham . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Chedomille Miyatovich . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 Harry De Windt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . |
On which Mediterranean island is the World Heritage Site of 'Dalt Vila'? | Ibiza UNESCO World Heritage Site - Ibiza Tourism | don Quijote Read the Spanish version Ibiza, the third largest of the Balearic Islands, is located in the Mediterranean Sea only 79 km (49 mi) off of the coast of the Northeastern Spanish city of Valencia . With 40 km (24 mi) of sandy beaches, crystal clear water, and an amiable temperature all year round, Ibiza is a popular tourist destination. The unique environment and varied cultures in Ibiza make the island known all over the world for its vitality and diversified night life. However, the island also boasts a long and significant history as well as a crucial environmental role in the Mediterranean ecosystem. In 1999, UNESCO proclaimed Ibiza as: “Ibiza, Biodiversity and Culture”, a World Heritage City or Patrimony of Humanity, recognizing the island as having special cultural or natural significance to the common heritage of humanity. The World Heritage Sites of Ibiza officially recognized by UNESCO include: the fields of Posidonia of Ses Salines Natural Park, the Phoenician settlement of sa Caleta, the fortifications of the Ibiza City and the cemetery of Puig des Molins. Posidonia is an endemic plant with leaves, stalk, leaves and fruit that forms dense prairies of Posidonia, or seagrass. The Posidonia is found in the Mediterranean Sea and is extremely important for the ecosystem because it supports a great diversity of marine life. In most parts of the Mediterranean the Posidonia is threatened, but remains well preserved in Ibiza. In this way the Balearic Island provides a remarkable example of interaction between marine and coastal ecosystems and greatly contributes to the biodiversity of marine life in the Mediterranean . Additionally, Ibiza is recognized culturally because it preserves evidence of its long history. The island played an important role in the Mediterranean economy during the Phoenician-Carthaginian period as exemplified by the archaeological site of Sa Caleta. Sa Caleta is a Phoenician settlement that was founded at the end of VIII century BC and is the most important example of early Phoenician colonization. Sometime in late VII early VI Century BC the settlers moved to high hill dominating the bay where they founded the city of “Ibosim”, the origin of the present day city of Ibiza. Ibosim became the first city of the Balearic archipelago and the most important in the Mediterranean due to maritime commerce of the Carthaginian Empire. In order to protect themselves from the Greeks and the Romans the settlers fortified the acropolis with walls known traditionally as Dalt Vila (literally “Upper Town”). The walls preserve imprints of history from the earliest Phoenician settlements through to the Renaissance Age because, throughout the history of construction, the earlier phases of the fortification were ultimately incorporated rather than destroyed. The 16th century Italian-Spanish engineering and military architecture mixed with the aesthetics of the Renaissance Age of Dalt Vila greatly influenced the creation of Spanish fortifications in the New World Approximately 500 m from the fortified walls of Dalt Vila Ibiza is the archeological site of Puig des Molins. Puig des Molins is the best and most well conserved necropolis of Phoenician culture. Occupying over 50.000 m², the cemetery contains over 3,000 Punic tombs. The most spectacular tombs found in Puig des Molins are called “hypogea”, large subterranean chambers dug into rock which feature a well and an entrance door. Tourists can visit a group of hypogea equipped with lights and stairs. Ibiza is much more than just beaches and sunshine. The island is full of historic sites dedicated to its vibrant past and incredible natural parks representing its grand biodiversity. To truly discover Ibiza, be sure to venture inland to the UNESCO World Heritage sites of Sa Caleta, Dalt Vila, and Puig de Molins. Contact us |
The 'Balfour Declaration' of December 1917 set out the British government's full support fora permanent homeland, for who? | The Balfour Declaration - 1917 The Balfour Declaration Origins of the Balfour Declaration The Balfour Declaration was issued in the form of a letter from the British Foreign Secretary, Lord Arthur James Balfour, to Lord Rothschild. It was delivered to Chaim Weizmann, a Zionist activist, expressing British support for a Jewish "national home" in Palestine. There are different theories about why the British agreed to issue the Balfour declaration when they issued it. Some of these "theories," such as the claim that "Jewish money interests" were being courted to help float a loan for Britain or bring the United States into the war are racist inventions. Nonetheless the exact circumstances of the declaration are unclear. One possibility is that the declaration was deliberately contrived to allow the British to renege on earlier promises to France and the Arabs regarding Palestine. Lloyd George reportedly said that British control over Palestine would prevent it from falling into the hands of the agnostic atheistic French. British Zionism and the Balfour Declaration However, the declaration did not fall as a bolt from the blue, but was rather the culmination of a long tradition in Britain that supported restoration of the Jews to their own land for philosophical, religious and imperialistic motives. In his introduction to Nahum Sokolow's History of Zionism, Balfour makes it clear that he supported the project of a "national home" for the Jewish people because he believed it was just. He had previously supported the scheme of Jews settlement in Uganda. An important factor that may have influenced the foreign office was the information supplied to Britain by the NILI underground and Aaron Aaronsohn , which was to prove useful in driving the Turks out of Palestine. Using Palestine to guard the Suez canal may have been yet another motivation. The Zionist movement had been founded to create a national home for the Jews, secured by international law. That purpose was embodied in the resolutions of the first Zionist congress. Theodor Herzl had tried to secure a Jewish homeland in Palestine with the consent of the Ottoman Empire and the German Kaiser. He was rebuffed in both cases, and turned his efforts to securing a temporary home for the Jews in Uganda or Argentina or anywhere, a program that was controversial and eventually abandoned by the Zionist organization. The Zionists for a time developed several schools of thought. One school of "political" Zionists believed in securing a homeland through the efforts of rich and powerful leaders, who would petition potentates for a charter to create a homeland. The other school of practical Zionists believed that a Jewish national home could only be secured by settlement and creation of a Jewish community. The political recognition would only follow upon the facts. Events were to prove that both were necessary. The instrument of obtaining the long-sought charter, ironically enough, was not a political Zionist, but Haim (or Chaim) Weizmann, a self-proclaimed practical Zionist, who believed that agricultural settlement must form the basis of the new Jewish community. Chaim Weizmann and the Balfour Declaration Weizmann, a Russian Zionist, settled in England in 1904 to pursue his career in chemistry. In 1906 his employer introduced him to Lord Balfour, who was anxious to convince Weizmann that the Zionist movement should accept Uganda, rather than Palestine, as a national home. Instead, Weizmann began the process of convincing Balfour that Palestine ought to be the Jewish national home. The British Zionist movement began actively lobbying the British government in their cause, and during the early years of the war found a sympathetic advocate in Mark Sykes, who professed an interest to liberate the 'downtrodden people of the world' including the Armenians, Arabs and Jews. Weizmann also befriended CP Scott, editor of the Manchester Guardian and a sympathizer with the cause of Jewish restoration in Palestine. In 1914, Scott introduced him to Lloyd George, |
In which television 'soap' would you once have found the character 'Darcy Tyler'? | Darcy Tyler | Neighbours Soap Opera Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Neighbours Soap Opera Wiki Share Darcy Tyler. Darcy Tyler was a character in Neighbours from 2000 to 2003 and again in 2005. He was the nephew of Susan Kennedy . He first appeared in Episode 3663 - 15 November 2000 and last appeared in Episode 4762 - 12 Jul 2005 . Darcy was played by Mark Rafferty . Contents Darcy Tyler was born in 1972 to Robert Tyler and Carmel Tyler , nee Smith. Darcy's aunty was Susan Kennedy , (Nee Smith), wife of doctor Karl Kennedy . They had married in 1978 when Darcy was 6. Darcy followed his uncle Karl into the medical profession. 2000-2003 Edit In November 2000, Darcy came to Erinsborough and decided to stay. He is soon attracted to Dee Bliss and they even attend a medical ball together. Darcy's girlfriend Alice arrives and tells Dee to keep away Darcy decides to leave Erinsborough with Alice. He returnes a few months later. He works as a locum for Karl and overcharges patients. 2005 |
Of what is 'Ekistics' the study? | Ekistics | Define Ekistics at Dictionary.com ekistics noun, (used with a singular verb) 1. the scientific study of human settlements, drawing on diverse disciplines, including architecture, city planning, and behavioral science. Origin of ekistics Greek 1955-1960 1955-60; coined by Constantine A. Doxiadus (1913-1975), Greek urbanologist, ultimately < Greek oikistikōs, derivative of oikisía settlement, derivative of oîkos house; see -ics Dictionary.com Unabridged British Dictionary definitions for ekistics Expand (functioning as sing) the science or study of human settlements Derived Forms ekistician, noun Word Origin C20: from Greek oikistikos of or concerning settlements, from oikizein to settle (a colony), from oikos a house Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 |
By what more familiar name are Leucocytes known? | What Are White Blood Cells? - Health Encyclopedia - University of Rochester Medical Center URMC / Encyclopedia / Content What Are White Blood Cells? White blood cells are an important component of your blood system, which is also made up of red blood cells, platelets, and plasma. Click to Enlarge Although your white blood cells account for only about 1% of your blood, their impact is significant. White blood cells, also called leukocytes, are essential for good health and protection against illness and disease. Think of white blood cells as your immunity cells. In a sense, they are continually at war. They flow through your bloodstream to battle viruses, bacteria, and other foreign invaders that threaten your health. When your body is in distress and a particular area is under attack, white blood cells rush in to help destroy the harmful substance and prevent illness. White blood cells are made inside the bone marrow and stored in your blood and lymphatic tissues. Because some white blood cells have a short lifespan of one to three days, your bone marrow is constantly making them. Click to Enlarge Types of white blood cells Among your white blood cells are: Monocytes. They have a longer lifespan than many white blood cells and help to break down bacteria. Lymphocytes. They create antibodies to defend against bacteria, viruses, and other potentially harmful invaders. Neutrophils. They kill and digest bacteria and fungi. They are the most numerous type of white blood cell and your first line of defense when infection strikes. Basophils. These small cells appear to sound an alarm when infectious agents invade your blood. They secrete chemicals such as histamine, a marker of allergic disease, that help control the body's immune response. Eosinophils. They attack and kill parasites, destroy cancer cells, and help with allergic responses. Problems affecting white blood cells Your white blood cell count can be low for a number of reasons—when something is destroying the cells more quickly than the body can replenish them or when the bone marrow stops making enough white blood cells to keep you healthy. When your white blood cell count is low, you are extremely susceptible to any illness or infection, which can spiral into a serious health threat. Your healthcare provider can see whether your white blood cell count is normal through a blood test known as the complete blood count. If your count is too low or too high, you may have a white blood cell disorder. A number of diseases and conditions may influence white blood cell levels: Weakened immune system. This is often caused by illnesses such as HIV/AIDS or by treatments related to cancer. Cancer treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy can destroy white blood cells and leave you vulnerable to infection. Infection. A higher-than-normal white blood cell count usually indicates some type of infection—white blood cells are multiplying to destroy an enemy, such as bacteria or a virus. Myelodysplastic syndrome. This condition causes abnormal production of blood cells. This includes white blood cells in the bone marrow. Cancer of the blood. Cancers including leukemia and lymphoma can cause uncontrolled growth of an abnormal type of blood cell in the bone marrow. This results in a greatly increased risk for infection and or serious bleeding. Myeloproliferative disorder. This disorder refers to various conditions that trigger the excessive production of immature blood cells. This can result in an unhealthy balance of all types of blood cells in the bone marrow and too many or too few white blood cells in the blood. Medicines. Some medicines can raise or lower the body's white blood cell count. Other conditions, such as extreme physical stress caused by an injury or emotional stress, can trigger high white blood cell levels. So can inf |
Which town and moor in Yorkshire was known to the Romans as Olicana? | BBC - Bradford and West Yorkshire - Places - Ilkley: Romans to Rock 'n' Roll legends! You are in: Bradford and West Yorkshire > Places > West Yorkshire Guides > Ilkley: Romans to Rock 'n' Roll legends! Ilkley: Romans to Rock 'n' Roll legends! From Roman soldiers to rock legend Jimi Hendrix, Ilkley has seen it all! Still going strong after all these years, we decided to find out more about what makes this famous town and the moors surrounding it such a popular and interesting place! A view of Ilkley from the famous moors One thing can be said straight away: Ilkley goes back a long way. In fact it goes all the way back to ancient times - and we really do mean ancient! Two millenia ago, the Romans had clearly recognised its attractions and to prove it they built a fort here which they called Olicana. If you want to see some proof of this today then the remains of a wall from Roman times can still be seen behind the Manor House in the centre of the town. Hikers on Ilkley Moor But even THEY weren't Ilkley's first inhabitants. Burial cairns, stone circles and strangely carved rocks on the surrounding moors also suggest that people lived in these parts long before the Romans. The 'cup and ring' marked rocks which are still to be found on Rombalds Moor may date from as long ago as 2800 BC. Probably the most famous of these prehistoric rocks is the so-called Swastika Stone, now protected by railings with a replica in front of the original stone. Although similar carvings can be found in Italy and Sweden the meaning of the stone is yet to be explained but the truth may be out there! While you're on the Moor, spare a moment to visit the memorial marking a particularly tragic event. On January 31st, 1944, a Halifax Bomber on a training run from Dishforth Airfield ploughed into a deserted hillside on Ilkley Moor killing all the crew. A few years ago, a stone was finally placed at the site. It's also well worth remembering another sad moment not so long ago when, in 2006, more than 500 acres of this famous landmark were destroyed by a blaze. It's thought the fire could have been started by a discarded match or cigarette, but whatever the cause the Moor will take years to fully recover. Click here for 360° picsof Ilkley Moor, White Wells and more > White Wells, Ilkley Turning away from the Moor to the town itself and despite its early inhabitants, Ilkley is now predominantly Victorian in character and that's because so many people wanted to 'take the waters' at this famous spa town. The posh word is 'hydropathy', but what it really means is that the water from Ilkley's spa was reputed to be useful in treating the sick. Ilkley's first watering hole was White Wells, the unmissable white house which is still to be seen perched on the edge of Ilkley Moor overlooking the town. In fact, White Wells is still open from time to time for people to take the waters and even have a bit of a dip! If you're into Ilkley's history then the town's parish church of All Saints is also worth a visit. It stands in a commanding position above the River Wharfe and the present building is largely medieval although, as is often the case, it was rebuilt in Victorian times. The first church on the site was built by the Saxons, no doubt using stone from the abandoned Roman fort. Inside the church are three Saxon crosses decorated with carvings of dragons and other strange beasts. It is thought that such a major group of crosses may suggest that Ilkley was an important place in Saxon times. The church boasts a 13th century doorway, a 16th century tower, 17th pews and some fine stained-glass which really gives the building a warm feeling. The New Bridge, Ilkley Then, just a stone's throw from the church is the Manor House, now Ilkley's museum and art gallery. The origin of this building, also known as The Castle is lost in time, but its west wing is thought to date from the fourteenth century. In the 1950s the building narrowly escaped demolition when it was deemed unfit for occupation. Happily it has been restored and now provides an ideal setting for the display |
In which opera by Rimsky-Korsakov does 'King Dodon' appear? | Rimsky-Korsakov: The Golden Cockerel - Brilliant Classics Home > Catalogue > Rimsky-Korsakov: The Golden Cockerel Rimsky-Korsakov: The Golden Cockerel Readings: State Library of Victoria Cnr La Trobe & Swanston Str Melbourne VIC Music Store at the Opera Centre Leonardo da Vinci 28 Tel Aviv 03-6927888 www.arkivmusic.com About this release Nikolay Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov showed musical promise as a child, but the pursuit of a Naval career meant that much of his grounding in musical theory was gained in between various tours of duty. Although best known in the Western world for his nationalist orchestral works, Rimsky-Korsakov brought Russian opera to the fore, so that by the end of his life, the genre was flourishing. The Golden Cockerel, written between 15 October 1906 and 29 August 1907, was inspired by Alexander Pushkin’s tale and caused concern among the Russian authorities, with the story detailing the murder of a Tsar and providing a critique of the power associated with Tsarism. This predictably led to trouble with the censor, which demanded that the prologue, epilogue and fourteen lines of the libretto should be cut; Rimsky-Korsakov refused and the work was permitted to only appear in print. At the centre of the opera is the juxtaposition of two of the characters and their respective musical language: that of the rigid marches demonstrating the power of King Dodon and the delicate, ethereal chromaticism of the Queen of Shemaka, designed to sound other-worldly. This recording includes the opera in full, containing none of the cuts demanded by the censor. Of this 1985 recording by the Sofia National Opera, conducted by Dimiter Manolov, BBC Music Magazine wrote that ‘the famous 19-minute coloratura show-piece … is beautifully encompassed’ by Elena Stoyanova, who sings the role of the Queen of Shemakha. The role of King Dodon is sung by Hungarian bass Nikolai Stoilov. Other information: - Recorded in 1985. - Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov is one of the most important Russian composers of romantic opera. His operas, often on themes taken from Russian folklore and fairy tales, abound in colourful and atmospheric scenes, with just the right tinge of spicy Russian melodic flavours. - The Golden Cockerel, based on a tale by Pushkin, was censored by the Russian authorities, accused of hidden political motives. This performance offers the complete, uncut version of the opera, one of Rimsky’s finest and best known. Excellent performance by great Bulgarian voices and forces, a superb recording from the Balkanton catalogue. - The Booklet includes the synopsis of the opera, as well as notes on the composer and the work. The Golden Cockerel: Prologue: Introduction: I am the master magician (Astrologer) 2 The Golden Cockerel: Act 1: The King’s monologue: I have summoned you here (King Dodon) The Golden Cockerel: Act 1: Guidon’s plan: Great father (Guidon/King Dodon/Chorus of Boyars) The Golden Cockerel: Act 1: Afron’s plan (King Dodon/Boyars/Afron/Polkan/Guidon) 5 The Golden Cockerel: Act 1: Hail, Majesty! Sire! (Astrologer) – Oh, that’s a fairy tale (King Dodon/The Golden Cockerel) 6 The Golden Cockerel: Act 1: Cock-a-doodle-do! The coast is clear – The Parrot Scene (The Golden Cockerel/King Dodon/Amelfa) 7 The Dodon’s siesta – Cock-a-doodle-do! Beware! (Chorus of the People/Amelfa/The Golden Cockerel) – Our King! Father of the people! (Polkan/King Dodon/Afron/Chorus of Boyars/Guidon) The Golden Cockerel: Act 1: King Dodon’s dream (The Golden Cockerel/King Dodon/Amelfa/Chorus) 9 The Golden Cockerel: Act 1: The Cockerel’s scene: Cock-a-doodle-do!... Oh! What misfortune! (The Golden Cockerel/Chorus of the People/Polkan/King Dodon) Disk 2 1 The Golden Cockerel: Act 2: Soldiers’ chorus: The silent night is ehispering fearful things (Chorus of Soldiers) – What terrible sight is this? – Behold, a tent! (King of Dodon/Polkan/Chrous of Soldiers) 2 The Golden Cockerel: Act 2: The Queen of Shemakha’s entrance: Hail, O ray of morning sun (Queen of Shemakha/King of Dodon/Polkan) The Golden Cockerel: Act 2: Whose heart rich |
Who rode the 1978 Derby winner 'Shirley Heights'? | BBC Sport - Horse Racing - Derby-winning jockey Greville Starkey dies of cancer Derby-winning jockey Greville Starkey dies of cancer Starkey rode nearly 2,000 winners in an illustrious career Classic-winning jockey Greville Starkey has died of cancer at the age of 70. Starkey, who rode 1,989 winners on the Flat in a 33-year career, will arguably be best remembered for losing the 1986 Epsom Derby on Dancing Brave. He claimed a Classic double in 1978 when landing the Derby and Irish Derby on Shirley Heights and the Oaks and Irish Oaks on Fair Salinia. He won the 1964 Oaks on Homeward Bound and the 2,000 Guineas on To-Agori-Mou in 1981 and Dancing Brave in 1986. Starkey, who was champion apprentice in 1957, also clinched the 1975 Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe on outsider Star Appeal. 606: COMMENT Greville Starkey's partnership with Guy Harwood was the stuff of legend Stick He retired from racing at the end of the 1989 season and died at his home near Newmarket. Trainer John Dunlop, based at Arundel in Sussex, said: "He won the Derby and the Irish Derby for me and the Dante, all on Shirley Heights as a three-year-old. "He was a great jockey at his best. He will always remembered by me for winning that Derby so narrowly, particularly the Curragh when he also won by a head. "One greatly appreciated his skills as a jockey. I am very sorry to hear the news." Former champion jockey Willie Carson said Starkey was famed for his japes off the track. "He was very famous for his dog-barking. He could bark like a jack russell - he was quietly spoken but you would always know where he was," said Carson. Starkey rode a brilliant race at Epsom to grab the far rail on Shirley Heights and beat American rider Willie Shoemaker, who was on the Barry Hills-trained Hawaiian Sound, in the final strides. However, luck was against him in 1986 when his late surge on Dancing Brave came too late to prevent Shahrastani from landing the Classic. Starkey was slated for that defeat, but the winning rider that day, Walter Swinburn, felt the criticism was unjustified. "He was the making of Dancing Brave. He rode him as two-year-old, he won the Guineas on him and the Eclipse, but it was the Derby," said Swinburn. He was one of life's great characters Former jockey Walter Swinburn on Greville Starkey "He didn't do anything wrong in my mind. "It's a fine line. Had he got up by a head or a neck then all those who came out and tried to hang him for his ride would have been shouting his name from the rooftops. "It was Greville's horsemanship that helped make the horse. Apart from being a fantastic jockey, he was a fantastic horseman and understood horses. "Guy Harwood has gone on record saying that he was a great horseman and he was the best judge in the weighing-room. "He rode some great horses and his association with Guy Harwood was obviously a special one. It was one of the great associations." Bookmark with: |
On which holiday island will you find the towns of Maliaand Sitia? | Visit East Crete with white sandy beaches and bustling towns Car Hire Why do people from all over the world choose to holiday on the eastern side of Crete in Greece. Crete is the largest of all Greek islands surrounded by the Aegean and Libyan Seas and the East is one of the most interesting Visit East Crete When people pick Crete as a vacation destination they either go for the east or the west side of the island. The West is more laid back and perfect for those who want to relax and get away from the hustle and bustle of daily life, but East Crete has so much to offer and a side of many contrasts. Firstly the main airport for the eastern side of Crete is Heraklion, and it accepts flights internationally and domestic, although the main influx of flights comes during the high or peak season of May till October. Heraklion is the capital of Crete and is an excellent city with plenty of history. With the Greek naval Museum and fortress on the port of Heraklion, moving into the city you can find local markets, and stunning architecture. Another big draw for history lovers has to be the Archaeological Museum where the finds from Knossos Palace are held. Knossos Palace is the main draw for tourists visiting Crete, the start of modern civilization as we know it with the Minoan Empire and the seat of King Minos. The palace of Knossos was excavated by Sir Arthur Evans and is now open to the public daily. Getting off the plane and heading straight for the coast you come across Kokkini Hani, Gouves and Gournes. These small villages have a varied amount to do in them but all hug the beautiful Cretan coastline with nice white sandy beaches. The nightlife in Kokkini Hani and Gournes is fairly limited, with a few small touristy bars and local Tavernas. Gouves has quite a large amount of bars but is never to overwhelming and it’s a friendly and enjoyable place to take your family. Moving onto Hersonissos, Stalis and Malia this is where it becomes livelier and where you will find the bulk of European holidaymaker’s who come here mainly for the clubs, bars and pubs and generally anyone wanting a fun filled holiday should visit this area. Don’t discount this area for just clubbing and pubs, it’s also has points of interest like Malia Palace, Lassithi Plateau for you to explore and this area is very popular with hikers, walkers and mountain bikers. Moving on further to the eastern tip of the island you will find Agios Nikolaos or Ag Nik for short with its famous bottomless lake, where it’s believed the Germans dumped all the munitions and tanks to evade capture by the British and locals in WWII. Near Ag Nik you will find the buzzing cosmopolitan town of Elounda, which itself is a vacation haven for A list Hollywood stars and has some beautiful blue star beaches. The island of Spinalonga is the main draw for holidaymaker’s visiting this area which was once a leper colony for all of Greece, where the lepers were held in isolation before much was known about the disease of leprosy. Move around the coast to find the area of Sitia and Ierapetra, quieter by comparison to their south eastern neighbours. Smaller fishing ports filled with lots of history, ruined fortresses and Byzantine churches. This area doesn’t cater for tourists as much as Heraklion, Gouves, Elounda and the likes but depends more on the economy of farming and fishing so hotels are slightly harder to come by. The east of Crete can be lively and packed with tourists during the summer, but escape into the smaller villages or Old Towns of the main areas of Hersonissos and Malia and you will find the real Cretan way of life. But one thing you must do when visiting is to visit Spinalonga and Knossos palace. |
Which author wrote 'A Town Like Alice'? | Nevil Shute Foundation—Title "A Town Like Alice/The Legacy" Review by Darci Evans Nevil Shute is a classical author for any time period. He was born in 1900 and based his writing on his life occurrences. Early on, Shute was earning his living as an aeronautical engineer, doing stress calculations. His job became an incentive, with his writing becoming second priority, and suffering because of it. There is a gap in his publications spanning the Depression years of 1932-1937, during which time he founded Airspeed in the airship industry, which took up a majority of his time. Once Airspeed ceased to occupy all of his energies, Shute once again turned to writing. In 1938 when he published Kindling, Shute deviated his writing style from that of his earlier works. He escaped the standard subjects of drama; using his experiences raising capital for Airspeed through stocks and bonds, and experimenting with his own cures for England’s economic problems. Up to this point, he had not produced any memorable works, but he was learning to use his own experiences for background and his character development skills were blossoming. In the 1940's he began writing his "war novels", all penned under British censorship, with an undeniable patriotism. He continued using the war as subject matter well into the 1950's, when he abandoned it altogether. His next works, dubbed the "anti-war set" by Richard La Ven a literary critic, imparts the fact that Shute had the opportunity to travel to India, Burma, the Dutch East Indies, and Australia. His world augmented and here his works took on a multitudinous luster more often associated with Shute. The divergent novels Shute has written makes placing him in a time period arduous. A Town Like Alice appears to be a war novel on the surface, being published in 1950, but it was written when he was presumably doing some traveling in southeast Asia and Australia. The level and depth of his writing in Alice shows that he was indeed learning to draw upon his own experiences to create critically acclaimed works. Alice would most appropriately conform to the genre of the sociological novel. The book portrays a community and how it deals with the changes due to world conflicts. In the post World War II aftermath, Jean Paget was quite anxious to escape from Malasia back to England, never thinking she would ever again see this place that held the multitude of horrible memories she now possessed. When she inherited a legacy, that all transfigured and she decided to thank the small village that took her and the other women in by digging them a well in the village's center. Little did she know at the time, but she would never return back to her home in England. Soon the little village had a well in the center instead of three miles away, and many other developments, compliments of Jean. It was here that she learned of Joe Harmon still alive and working in the outback. After some confusion, she joins him in Willstown where he works on a station in the outback. Jean, after having experienced the luxuries of Alice Springs on her way to Willstown, decides to start a shoe factory like the one she worked for in England. One thing leads to another, and suddenly there is an ice cream parlor, a hairdresser, a cinema, a pool house, a rec center, and a swimming pool. In the meantime, she in engaged to Joe, but they are delaying marriage until Jean's business in town is stable and capable of running in her absence. The effect of Jean's keen business sense and determination brought about a new resolve for Willstown as it prospered, bringing new people. Among those included ranch hands and women, who in the past, left Willstown for towns with more to offer. Nevil Shute offered innovation in may of his novels. With each new work, he developed his skills to fabricate a novel more improved than the one preceding it. In A Town Like Alice, Shute allows a woman to be the eagle-eye entrepreneur to renovate a small one-horse town in the outback. In a time period when women were viewed as homemakers and mothers, Shute uses the strong wi |
Which classic horserace, run annually at Epsom, was won by 'Love Divine' in 2000? | Epsom Oaks | Epsom Racecourse | Betting St Leger Epsom Oaks History The Oaks at Epsom is the fillies equivalent of the Epsom Derby , it is open to three-year-old thoroughbred fillies and run over the 1 mile 4 furlongs trip of the more famous Derby for the colts. What many don’t know is that the Oaks was actually first run a year before the Derby at Epsom in 1779, when it was won by a filly called Bridget who was owned by the 12th Earl Of Derby who was the man behind the race in the first place. The Oaks is of course one of the British Classic races and is one just of two reserved for the fillies with the 1000 Guineas being the other, so it is sure to attract a stellar list of entries each flat season. Epsom is a very demanding race course for the fillies and any horse wanting to feature in the Oaks will need to cope with the undulations and stamina test on offer, it is not just a question of the quickest but the runner who acts at Epsom the best as well as showing the turn of foot needed. The horse that on paper has doubt with those conditions best of all was Intrepidity who won in 1993 in record time of 2:34:19, it is a time that many have come close to but none have so far have surpassed and the Andre Fabre trained horse remains top of the tree. There are a number of trainers with great record in the Oaks but perhaps the most famous in the modern era is the great Henry Cecil, he is one of the most trainers still in the game and he has saddled the winner of no less than eight Oaks from Oh So Sharp in 1985 to Light Shift in 2007. A Cecil horse is always worth following in the betting and no one would be surprised to see him add to his tally in the Oaks over the coming few years. He knows what type of horse runs well at Epsom and he always has them in top shape for the big race so he really can be called at Oaks legend. Over the past few years we have seen a number of the Oaks winners go on to bigger and better things with huge wins around the world, trainer Ed Dunlop has done it twice since the turn of the century with Ouija Board in 2004 and most recently with the excellent Snow Fairy in 2010. Ouija Board went on to become a Breeders Cup winner while Snow Fairy has won prestigious races in both Japan and Hong Kong following her success in the Oaks, this highlights that the Epsom Oaks really can be the start of a glittering season for a three-year-old filly. Recent Winners of the Epsom Oaks �������� 2000 - Love Divine |
Lake Balaton is the largest lake in central Europe, in which country is it? | Lake Balaton EdiTours Lake Balaton Affectionately known as the 'Hungarian Sea', Lake Balaton is the largest freshwater lake in Central Europe and is one of the country’s most precious natural resources. The lake is 78 kilometres long, with more than 300 kilometres of shoreline and 230 square kilometres. Did You Know? Lake Balaton is the biggest lake in central Europe – 78 km long but just 1.5 km wide at its narrowest point. Festetics Palace in Keszthely is the only one in Hungary that stands as the owners left it in 1945. It offers silky green water, and a host of activities for young and old. It is ideal for swimming, sailing, sunbathing, fishing, and thanks to its cycling path around the lake it is also a Mecca for cyclists. There are also countless marked routes for hiking or horse riding, often through stunning scenery. Lake Balaton is also known for its wines as the hills along the northern shoreline give the perfect setting for vine growing – Five of Hungary’s 22 wine regions are located in the Balaton area and there are many wine trails connecting various cellars in the region. Read more on wine around the lake at our dedicated Lake Balaton wine section . Recent years saw the opening of the first golf course in Balatonudvari which adds to the wide variety of leisure activities. There are many cultural events around the lake – the biggest event is the annual Balaton Sound Festival, that takes place in July at Zamárdi along the shore and includes a variety of concerts and outdoor events from Hungarian and international performers. Nearby is the famous Thermal Lake of Hévíz , boasting of the world’s second largest natural thermal lake which is suitable for swimming even in the depths of winter. Southern Shore The flatter southern shore is renowned both for its family-friendly resorts and its thriving nightlife. The broad beaches and shallow water provide a safe playground for young children and a perfect place to sunbathe and paddle. Alternatively, you can try your hand at some watersports – sailing, windsurfing and even wakeboarding (where participants ‘surf’ while tugged along by a mechanised pulley). The party capital of the lake is Siófok, where revellers dance into the early hours at several nightclubs. The annual Balaton Sound Summer Music Festival is held in the nearby town of Zamárdi. Northern Shore The reeds and volcanic hills of the northern shore provide a quieter setting, and attract those interested in more cultural pursuits. At the western tip of the lake stands Keszthely, a pleasant university town where history’s footsteps echo loudly. The 18th-century Festetics Palace is one of the country’s best-preserved Baroque mansions; it has a splendid nobleman’s library containing over 80,000 books, a magnificent mirrored ballroom and an illuminated fountain. The palace is the venue for superb summer concerts. The Balaton Museum showcases the fascinating history of the lake, including its flora, fauna and boating history. The Peninsula of Tihany jutting into the lake was formed of debris spewed from ancient volcanoes. At its heart are hills, marshes, old geyser cones and two crater lakes; this area was declared Hungary’s first nature reserve in 1952, and it is rated highly by hikers. On the eastern side is the romantic Tihany village with narrow streets and peasant cottages, as well as a Benedictine abbey church originally dating to the 11th century. Balatonfüred is an elegant resort and was a favourite retreat of 19th-century poets, artists and politicians. Its lakeside promenade is lined with acacias, and runs alongside fishermen sitting on rocky outcrops and a park filled with lime trees planted by famous figures of the past. The Anna Ball (on 26 July, or the closest weekend) has been held annually since 1825, and features dancing and the election of a queen and courtiers (who are driven through the streets in a regal carriage). Lake Balaton ranks among the country’s leading wine regions. The 400-metre-high volcanic hill at Badacsony is a perfect place to take a taste. The route up the hill is flanked by vi |
Whose stories include 'The Legend Of Sleepy Hollow'? | The Legend of Sleepy Hollow Summary - eNotes.com The Legend of Sleepy Hollow Summary Trivia The Legend of Sleepy Hollow Summary The Headless Horseman has been haunting Sleepy Hollow. An itinerant teacher named Ichabod Crane moves to Tarry Town in Sleepy Hollow. A Yankee, Crane is unfamiliar with the ways and superstitions of his new home. He starts flirting with Katrina Van Tassel, the daughter of the richest man in town. The townsfolk are displease with this, because it appears he only wants her for her family's money. After a party given by Katrina's father, the Headless Horseman drives Ichabod out of town. link Link “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” represents Irving’s second comic masterpiece, a ghostly tale about things that go bump in the night. The specter in question here is the mysterious Headless Horseman, said to be a Hessian trooper who lost his head in a nearby battle. Each night he roams the countryside in search of it. The unlikely hero in this tale is Ichabod Crane, an itinerant schoolmaster, whose name suits him perfectly: “He was tall, but exceedingly lank, with narrow shoulders, long arms and legs, hands that dangled a mile out of his sleeves, feet that might have served for shovels, and his whole frame most loosely hung together.” Irving opens his tale with a marvelous and evocative description of the lush, charming Hudson Valley region of Sleepy Hollow near Tarry Town, the delightful and dreamy atmosphere pervading the place, and the tale of the Hessian trooper’s ghost that supposedly roams near the churchyard. He then introduces the reader to Ichabod, a poor Connecticut Yankee who is very interested in marrying the wealthy, lovely, and flirtatious Katrina Van Tassel, daughter of the richest man in the area. Ichabod’s plan is to ingratiate himself into her life, winning her hand in marriage. He arranges to teach her psalmody and is therefore permitted to visit Katrina on a regular basis at her family’s prosperous farm. His interest in Katrina, however, is less than honorable. Ichabod wants to acquire her hereditary wealth and sell it off. His chief rival is a brawny local named Brom Bones, who loves Katrina for herself. The two men despise each other; Irving adroitly contrasts Yankee opportunism with Dutch diligence. Ichabod attends a party given by Katrina’s father one night and later, on his way home, meets the terrifying Headless Horseman (Brom Bones in disguise), who drives the superstitious victim out of Sleepy Hollow forever. Unlike “Rip Van Winkle,” which appears among the first pieces in The Sketch Book, Irving placed “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” last and followed it in a brief piece summarizing his final thoughts on the book. It, too, is set in the Hudson Valley, but Irving’s point in this tale is markedly different. In “Rip Van Winkle” the old order gives way to the new, but the reverse is true here. The hypocritical Yankee Ichabod is defeated by the stalwart Dutch Brom, who represents the old order. The contrast between both men could not be greater. Ichabod is a skinny, shrewd, calculating, sterile (and comic) individual, devoid of human affections, who relies on wit in his attempt to defeat his erstwhile rival. He is also a very gullible individual who believes in the supernatural, thus providing his opponent with the weapon that will destroy him. Brom, on the other hand, is a swaggering, athletic type inclined to mischievous pranks, but he does have deep romantic feelings for the beauteous Katrina. Brom is desperate to win her love, but he realizes that he cannot physically challenge his rival to a fight; hence, he devises a stratagem to prey on the schoolmaster’s fear and drive him away from Sleepy Hollow. Although “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” is as familiar a tale as “Rip Van Winkle” to generations of schoolchildren, it has not had much success on the stage because of the difficulty of staging the thrilling chase scene at the end between Ichabod and the Headless Horseman. It has, however, been turned into at least three motion pictures. In 1922 the great cowboy humorist Will Rogers star |
What is the title of the opera by Wagner, that makes up the third part of the 'Ring Cycle'? | Wagner's Ring Cycle: where to start - Classic FM Classic FM Schedule Wagner's Ring Cycle: where to start Richard Wagner's 'Der Ring des Nibelungen', otherwise known as The Ring cycle, is the peak of operatic indulgence, excess and excellence. But how do you go about it? What should you listen out for? And what on Earth are they all singing about anyway? Find out with our handy guide. The Ring - it's immense. Long, dense, mythological and, to top it all off, in German. The worst thing you could do, though, is be intimidated by it. Just because Richard Wagner's masterpiece and calling card is a mammoth work (or series of works) doesn't mean you should treat it any differently from other operas. The best thing to do is take it slowly, grab a translation and prepare to get lost in some of the most intoxicatingly sublime Romantic music ever composed, like this… But first, a little bit of background info. Der Ring des Nibelungen (usually known simply as The Ring cycle) is essentially four very big operas, all linked together by the same story. In order, they are: Das Rheingold, Die Walküre, Siegfried and Götterdämmerung. There's no real way of paraphrasing that story without missing most of it out but to put in simple terms it's a bit like this… The Story A magic ring is stolen from the dwarf, Alberich, by Wotan, King of the Gods. However, he ends up having it taken from him by two giants - most of the story is about Wotan trying to get it back. Then there's a whole other section about Wotan's grandson, Siegfried, who ends up getting the ring back, and Brünnhilde, Siegfried's lover, who also turns out to be Wotan's daughter (are you keeping up?). But these are just the main points - it's actually much easier than you'd think to keep up with the story, as long as you've got a translation handy or if you're watching a subtitled version. And the Sydney Symphony Orchestra have also put together this easy-to-follow(ish) video: Wagner took around 26 years to complete the whole thing, and it's easy to see why. There are all sorts of little interesting corners, quirky sub-plots, massive staging considerations and, above all, the incredible music. Wagner's idea was that it should be a 'Gesamtkunstwerk' ('Complete Artwork'), a complete synthesis of music and drama where you didn't focus on one or the other - they just co-exist. But how did he do it? Well, here are some tricks he used: What's a leitmotif? Many of the characters, places and ideas in The Ring Cycle have their very own signature tune, or Leitmotif. Rather than an excuse to eat up composing time, the Leitmotifs act as a reminder about those characters, and Wagner occasionally changes them slightly to change how you feel about who it's representing. So for Siegfried, the hero, we have this rather nice Leitmotif: But for the two giants who take the ring from Wotan, Fafner and Fasolt, there's a rather more lumbering, threatening Leitmotif: And here's one for a storm, summoned by Donner, the God of Thunder. Obviously. There are dozens more to explore besides these two, and it's great fun to get to know them so you can anticipate a character's appearance in the drama. It's all designed to involve the listener even more and without them even realising. Extra instruments Unsurprisingly, a convincing performance of The Ring cycle needs some pretty serious orchestral clout. That means a lot of extra instruments. So, alongside the usual orchestral instruments, you'll hear tam-tams, Wagner tubas, anvils (18 of them), steerhorns and all sorts of extra on-stage instruments too. Here's a fantastic anvil-eye view of the offstage anvils during Die Walküre from the Manchester International Festival: Isn't it all a bit complicated? We can't deny that The Ring cycle is a challenge for any listener, but that doesn't mean you shouldn't give it a go. As with so many things in opera, you get out what you put in - if you make the effort, then it's a joy to experience. If you're lucky enough to watch it live (it's often performed over four consecutive nights) then you're in for a real treat - incr |
Which symbol denotes a 'battlefield' on an Ordnance Survey Map? | BBC NEWS | UK | Magazine | Five old-school map symbols Printable version Five old-school map symbols The president of the British Cartographic Society has attacked a new generation of online and satnav maps for blanking out British heritage. So here are five classic map symbols for those who know nothing but the bland route-finding of the Google Maps generation. BATTLEFIELD Ordnance Survey symbol for a battle site Imagine pootling down the B3046 out of New Alresford, looking to your left across a bit of English scenery. Those navigating using one of the more functional modern online maps will see nothing marked except blank grey space. But those using an Ordnance Survey map will see the crossed swords that reveal this to be the site of 1644's Battle of Cheriton. Without which you're missing one of the key strategic shifts in the English Civil War. You're missing the chance to investigate Lord Hopton's Royalist army being soundly beaten by Sir William Waller's Parliamentarian army. CHURCH WITH TOWER Ordnance Survey symbol for a religious building with tower Perhaps familiar from school geography lessons - the different symbols for churches with spires and churches with towers. As those who were paying attention will remember a filled square with a cross is a church with a tower. A good example of one that might be missed without help from an old school map is St Peter's Church in Wellesbourne, Warwickshire, an imposing Victorian rebuilding of a Norman church. In multicultural Britain, the meaning of the symbols has shifted slightly. A filled circle with a cross is now a place of worship with spire, minaret or dome. ENGLISH HERITAGE Ordnance Survey symbol for English Heritage site A first-timer to Wiltshire steaming down the A303 is going to want to plenty of advance notice to alert the passengers to the presence of Stonehenge by the side of the road. The symbol that does this on Ordnance Survey maps is the lattice-work emblem of English Heritage, while sites administered by Historic Scotland are indicated by a stylised depiction of a church and those by Welsh Historic Monuments by a Celtic cross. HISTORIC SHIP Philips maps symbol for historic ship No trip to Dundee would be complete without a visit to HMS Unicorn, a 46-gun frigate launched in 1824. On a Philips map it's indicated by a stylised purple depiction of a yawl two-masted sailing boat. On your common or garden online map, you would just get a blank piece of dockland. And you would miss out on a maritime treasure. AQUARIUM Collins map of Lake Windermere Nothing to do with heritage and history, but a vital ingredient for pacifying more disgruntled and youthful car passengers, aquariums are marked on Collins Road Atlases with a delightful seahorse motif. Pictured right is an example from the southern end of Lake Windermere, accompanied by a star icon which indicates a site of interest, in this case a mill, and a train icon that shows a tourist railway. "You don't get as much sense of the area on an online map as you do on a road atlas," notes Iain MacDonald, of Collins Road Atlases. IN DEFENCE OF MODERN MAPS The online map service Multimap points out that it does feature items that can't really be accommodated in old-fashioned maps. Icons indicating cash machines, petrol stations and click-throughs to Wikipedia entries are among the innovations, the company says. |
Who was the faithful wife of Odysseus in Homer's 'Odyssey'? | SparkNotes: The Odyssey: Plot Overview Plot Overview Context Character List Ten years have passed since the fall of Troy, and the Greek hero Odysseus still has not returned to his kingdom in Ithaca. A large and rowdy mob of suitors who have overrun Odysseus’s palace and pillaged his land continue to court his wife, Penelope. She has remained faithful to Odysseus. Prince Telemachus, Odysseus’s son, wants desperately to throw them out but does not have the confidence or experience to fight them. One of the suitors, Antinous, plans to assassinate the young prince, eliminating the only opposition to their dominion over the palace. Unknown to the suitors, Odysseus is still alive. The beautiful nymph Calypso, possessed by love for him, has imprisoned him on her island, Ogygia. He longs to return to his wife and son, but he has no ship or crew to help him escape. While the gods and goddesses of Mount Olympus debate Odysseus’s future, Athena, Odysseus’s strongest supporter among the gods, resolves to help Telemachus. Disguised as a friend of the prince’s grandfather, Laertes, she convinces the prince to call a meeting of the assembly at which he reproaches the suitors. Athena also prepares him for a great journey to Pylos and Sparta, where the kings Nestor and Menelaus, Odysseus’s companions during the war, inform him that Odysseus is alive and trapped on Calypso’s island. Telemachus makes plans to return home, while, back in Ithaca, Antinous and the other suitors prepare an ambush to kill him when he reaches port. On Mount Olympus, Zeus sends Hermes to rescue Odysseus from Calypso. Hermes persuades Calypso to let Odysseus build a ship and leave. The homesick hero sets sail, but when Poseidon, god of the sea, finds him sailing home, he sends a storm to wreck Odysseus’s ship. Poseidon has harbored a bitter grudge against Odysseus since the hero blinded his son, the Cyclops Polyphemus, earlier in his travels. Athena intervenes to save Odysseus from Poseidon’s wrath, and the beleaguered king lands at Scheria, home of the Phaeacians. Nausicaa, the Phaeacian princess, shows him to the royal palace, and Odysseus receives a warm welcome from the king and queen. When he identifies himself as Odysseus, his hosts, who have heard of his exploits at Troy, are stunned. They promise to give him safe passage to Ithaca, but first they beg to hear the story of his adventures. Odysseus spends the night describing the fantastic chain of events leading up to his arrival on Calypso’s island. He recounts his trip to the Land of the Lotus Eaters, his battle with Polyphemus the Cyclops, his love affair with the witch-goddess Circe, his temptation by the deadly Sirens, his journey into Hades to consult the prophet Tiresias, and his fight with the sea monster Scylla. When he finishes his story, the Phaeacians return Odysseus to Ithaca, where he seeks out the hut of his faithful swineherd, Eumaeus. Though Athena has disguised Odysseus as a beggar, Eumaeus warmly receives and nourishes him in the hut. He soon encounters Telemachus, who has returned from Pylos and Sparta despite the suitors’ ambush, and reveals to him his true identity. Odysseus and Telemachus devise a plan to massacre the suitors and regain control of Ithaca. When Odysseus arrives at the palace the next day, still disguised as a beggar, he endures abuse and insults from the suitors. The only person who recognizes him is his old nurse, Eurycleia, but she swears not to disclose his secret. Penelope takes an interest in this strange beggar, suspecting that he might be her long-lost husband. Quite crafty herself, Penelope organizes an archery contest the following day and promises to marry any man who can string Odysseus’s great bow and fire an arrow through a row of twelve axes—a feat that only Odysseus has ever been able to accomplish. At the contest, each suitor tries to string the bow and fails. Odysseus steps up to the bow and, with little effort, fires an arrow through all twelve axes. He then turns the bow on the suitors. He and Telemachus, assisted by a few faithful servants, kill ever |
On a standard typewriter keyboard, which is the only vowel that does not appear on the top row? | Why aren''t the letters on a computer keyboard in alphabetical order? | Notes and Queries | guardian.co.uk Why aren't the letters on a computer keyboard in alphabetical order? Richard Hearty, Newcastle Upon Tyne UK The 'computer' keyboard is directly derived from the old typewriter keyboard. As the original typewriters were mechanically slower than a reasonably quick typist the keys were arranged to slow the typist down. Hence the common letters, a, s and e are used by the third and fourth finger of the left hand. Columb Healy, Staining Lancs Because typists have been trained on Qwerty keyboards since the 1860s and noone can be bothered retraining them. Ian, London They used to be - in the 1870's See http://home.earthlink.net/~dcrehr/whyqwert.html The inventor of the "standard" typewriter keyboard, C. L. Sholes, came up with a layout that suoted the unwieldy mechanical instrument of the type. There is also a rumour that the word "typewriter" coule be typed quickly since all the letters were on one row. Eoin C. Bair¿, Dublin Ireland Because they use the qwerty pattern originally developed for mechanical type-writers. The logic of the qwerty layout was based on letter usage in English rather than letter postion in the alphabet. Peter Brooke, Kinmuck Scotland The "qwerty" keyboard arrangement stems from mechanical typewriters. The keys are arranged to make fast typing difficult as old typewriters would easily jam. Of course humans being adaptable sorts have learned to overcome this obstructionist system and now (some folks) type faster than they talk, or even think. R Kenig, London UK Because when typing in English (don't know about other languages) you use some characters (such as vowels) far more frequently than others (such as Z or X), and the keyboard is designed to help you reach the most frequently used keys most easily. However, to truly benefit from this you need to learn to touch type and stop looking at the keys and prodding away with one finger. Once you learn to touch type you will wonder how you managed before. Mary, Glasgow Scotland They are arranged randomly because manual typewriters tended to jam if the user typed too fast - therefore the arrangement was intended to slow early typists down. Now, of course, we want to be able to typer faster faster faster, so why change what we're all used to? Julie F, London because fingers do not read from left to right miche, scotland The keys on a qwerty board were designed when typewriters were mechanically driven, secretaries at the time were apparently so efficient that the arms carrying the characters and attached to the keys often got entangled, requiring the ministrations of an expensive engineer. The answer, put them where you least expect them! Fiona Bell, Nuneaton Warwickshire This is an easy one. The qwerty typewriter keyboard was designed to keep letters commonly used together away from each other to prevent jamming. Computer keyboards followed this because people are used to it and don't want to relearn typing, whether for a keyboard in alphabetical order or on one of those ones with all the commonly used letters in the easy to reach places. Richard Smeltzer, Hamilton Canada This is a relic from the distant days of typewriters. The most frequently used letters were evenly spaced across the keyboard in order to reduce the amount of times the printing hammers jammed. Due to the fact that the eras of typewriters and computers overlapped considerably it was probably thought best not to alter the layout of the more modern keyboard, despite the jamming problem no longer existing. Richard, London England Those of you who have used an old mechanical typewriter will remember how typing too fast caused all the keys to stack on top of one another, effectively jamming the machine. Early typewriters did have the keys in alphabetical order, but it was found that the keys jammed very easily with this arrangement. To prevent it keys were moved around so that the weaker fingers were needed more frequently. This meant that people typed at a speed which the maching could handl |
What sort of guides were published by George Bradshaw? | Map Notes -- BRA1INTR.txt Map Notes GEORGE BRADSHAW'S GUIDES George Bradshaw was born 29 July 1801, at Windsor Bridge, Salford, Manchester; the Railway Age had just begun with the incorporation of the Surrey Iron Railway. George Bradshaw grew up as the Railway Age grew, and with it the need for railway maps, railway timetables, and railway fare tables. Bradshaw was apprenticed to an engraver (accounts of to whom and where vary) and he later set up in offices in Manchester, engraving maps. In 1831 he took an apprentice William Blacklock; a letterpress department was added to the business in 1835; Blacklock became a partner; and the firm of Bradshaw and Blacklock moved to 27 Brown Street, Manchester, 1839. Bradshaw made a reputation with maps of canals and railways issued from the late 1820s onwards. From 1838 Bradshaw employed a compositor, Robert Kay. The idea of a railway timetable was suggested to Kay in 1838, and Kay got on with the job of producing it - he remained editor of the various Bradshaw guides up to 1880. (It is clear from Kay's own account that Bradshaw had the idea.) Another important character in the story is William Adams, 59 Fleet Street, London, who was Bradshaw's agent. The business was eventually taken over by Blacklock and remained the London address of 'Bradshaw' to 1905. The Railway Time Table 'Bradshaw' began in 1838 as:- Bradshaw's Railway Time Table Robert Kay's account, written 1883 is:- In the early part of 1838 I received an appointment from Mr. George Bradshaw, engraver, copperplate and lithographic printer, Cope's Court, St. Mary's Gate, Manchester, to inaugurate the letterpress printing, which he was anxious to have added to his other engagements. He had already acquired considerable notoriety by his large canal maps of Great Britain, in the publication of which he had been very successful .... It was in the middle of 1838 when Mr. Bradshaw handed me one of the Liverpool and Manchester passenger time bills to condense into a form and size suitable for the waistcoat pocket. The information thus prepared was put into a stiff cover, accompanied by a map of Great Britain and labelled Bradshaw's Railway Time Table. The idea was suggested in order to create a sale for a large number of maps of England and Wales which he had in stock, lying idle. The first edition was quickly sold, the second and third equally so. In the meantime, I was making additions in the shape of railway information, etc., so that by the 19th October, 1839, we had a really most compact and useful little railway guide, containing with the title and address, eight pages of railway matter and cab fares, and five pages of maps and plans. Before the end of 1840, it contained twenty pages of railway and other matter, and twelve pages of maps and plans, price 1s., and the title changed to Bradshaw's Railway Companion. There were other railways guides published around the same time, for example: James Drake's, published in Birmingham, 1839; Joseph Bridgen's, published in Wolverhampton, 1839; John Gadsby's, published in Manchester, published 1840. The earliest surviving example of Bradshaw's guide [known at 1939] is dated 10th Mo. 19th. 1839 ie 19 October 1839, titled:- BRADSHAW'S / Railway Time Tables, / AND ASSISTANT TO / RAILWAY TRAVELLING, / WITH / ILLUSTRATIVE MAPS AND PLANS. / ... This covered the northern lines, contents:- Map of the Railways in Lancashire, &c., Liverpool to Manchester Time Table, Plan of Liverpool, Thompson's Table showing the rate of travelling per hour, Great Western Railway Time Table, Hackney Coach Fares from Euston Station, London, and Cab Fares from the Railway Station, Birmingham. A third issue combined the two sets of information, 25 October 1839. Butterfly Binding The guide was put together physically in an unusual way; also used by Joseph Bridgen. Pages were printed on one side only, as a double page spread. The pages were folded, face inwards, and pasted back-to-back to assemble the booklet. First and last pages were pasted to the folded card cover. I |
In mythology, who was poisoned by the blood from Nessus tainted with toxin from Hydra? | Lernaean Hydra Lernaean Hydra Archaic Ivory Plaque, Hercules and Hydra , Laconia. Lerna (Region of the Lernaean Hydra) from Space In Greek mythology , the Lernaean Hydra was an ancient nameless serpent-like chthonic water beast that possessed numerous heads—the poets mention more heads than the vase-painters could paint—and poisonous breath (Hyginus, 30). The Hydra of Lerna was killed by Heracles as one of his Twelve Labours. Its lair was the lake of Lerna in the Argolid, though archaeology has borne out the myth that the sacred site was older even than the Mycenaean city of Argos, for Lerna was the site of the myth of the Danaids. Beneath the waters was an entrance to the Underworld, and the Hydra was its guardian (Kerenyi 1959, p. 143...) In Greek mythology , The Lernaean Hydra was a snake-like beast that possessed nine (usually nine, it ranged from five to one hundred) heads and poisonous breath, killed by Heracles as one of his Twelve Labours. The Hydra was the offspring of Typhon and Echidna , noisome creatures of the Goddess who became Hera . It was said to be the sibling of the Nemean Lion , the Chimaera and Cerberus . As such, it was said to have been chosen as a task for Heracles so that Heracles would probably die. The Second Labour of Hercules: The Lernaean Hydra Upon reaching the swamp near Lake Lerna , where the Hydra dwelt, Heracles covered his mouth and nose with a cloth to protect himself from the poisonous fumes and fired flaming arrows into its lair, the spring of Amymone, to draw it out. He then confronted it, wielding a harvesting sickle in some early vase-paintings; Ruck and Staples (p. 170) have pointed out that the chthonic creature's reaction was botanical: upon cutting off each of its heads he found that two grew back, an expression of the hopelessness of such a struggle for any but the hero, Heracles. Hercules and Iolaus The details of the confrontation are explicit in Apollodorus (2.5.2): realising that he could not defeat the Hydra in this way, Heracles called on his nephew Iolaus for help. His nephew then came upon the idea (possibly inspired by Athena ) of using a burning firebrand to scorch the neck stumps after decapitation, and handed him the blazing brand. Heracles cut off each head and Iolaus burned the open stump leaving the hydra dead; its one immortal head Heracles placed under a great rock on the sacred way between Lerna and Elaius (Kerenyi1959 p 144), and dipped his arrows in the Hydra's poisonous blood, and so his second task was complete. In an alternative version, Hera's crab was at the site to bite his feet and bother him, hoping to cause his death. Hera set it in the Zodiac to follow the Lion (Eratosthenes, Catasterismi) When Eurystheus, the agent of ancient Hera who was assigning to Heracles The Twelve Labours, found out that it was Heracles' nephew who had handed him the firebrand, he declared that the labour had not been completed alone and as a result did not count towards the ten labours set for him. The mythic element is an equivocating attempt to resolve the submerged conflict between an ancient ten Labours and a more recent twelve. Aegina, Stater, Heracles and the Hydra, Bull, Text : "Phaistion" Heracles fighting the Lernaean Hydra After the Hydra In another version , Heracles defeated the Hydra by remembering the words of his wise teacher, Chiron , who had said, "We rise by kneeling; we conquer by surrendering; we gain by giving up." All his other weapons having failed, Heracles remembered his mentor's words and knelt down in the swamp and lifted up the monster by one of her heads into the light of day, where she began to wilt. Heracles then cut off each of her heads, dipping his arrows in the Hydra's poisonous blood at the same time. However, none re-grew. After he had severed all nine heads, a tenth one appeared; Heracles recognised this as a jewel and buried it under a rock. Heracles later used an arrow dipped in the Hydra's poison blood to kill the centaur Nessus; and Nessus's tainted blood applied to the Tunic of Nessus eventually killed Heracles himself. Today " |
Which actor starred with Sigorney Weaver and Melanie Griffithsin 'Working Girl'? | Working Girl (1988) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error When a secretary's idea is stolen by her boss, she seizes an opportunity to steal it back by pretending she has her boss' job. Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 38 titles created 04 Oct 2011 a list of 43 titles created 15 Jan 2013 a list of 44 titles created 22 Nov 2014 a list of 23 titles created 17 Dec 2014 a list of 31 titles created 2 months ago Search for " Working Girl " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won 1 Oscar. Another 8 wins & 16 nominations. See more awards » Videos Henry is a lawyer who survives a shooting only to find he cannot remember anything. If that weren't enough, Henry also has to recover his speech and mobility, in a life he no longer fits ... See full summary » Director: Mike Nichols The story of Dian Fossey, a scientist who came to Africa to study the vanishing mountain gorillas, and later fought to protect them. Director: Michael Apted A young Amish boy is sole witness to a murder; policeman John Book goes into hiding in Amish country to protect him until the trial. Director: Peter Weir An ugly duckling having undergone a remarkable change, still harbors feelings for her crush: a carefree playboy, but not before his business-focused brother has something to say about it. Director: Sydney Pollack Edit Storyline Tess McGill is a frustrated secretary, struggling to forge ahead in the world of big business in New York. She gets her chance when her boss breaks her leg on a skiing holiday. McGill takes advantage of her absence to push ahead with her career. She teams up with investment broker Jack Trainer to work on a big deal. The situation is complicated after the return of her boss. Written by Sami Al-Taher <[email protected]> See All (87) » Taglines: For anyone who's ever won. For anyone who's ever lost. And for everyone who's still in there trying. Genres: 21 December 1988 (USA) See more » Also Known As: Did You Know? Trivia When Katharine Parker ( Sigourney Weaver ) comes back to New York and gets out of the helicopter, she carries a big stuffed-toy gorilla. Weaver played the role of Dian Fossey in Gorillas in the Mist (1988) just a few months before. See more » Goofs Although it is clear from the conversation Jack has with Tess the morning after their first meeting, Tess, having personally setup the meeting the day before and speaking directly with Jack, failed to recognize his voice and his person at the party that night. See more » Quotes Tess McGill : How did you get the scar? Jack Trainer : Some guy pulled a knife in Detroit. (sonoma county, ca) – See all my reviews How can you go wrong with this delightful comedy? Besides having a great cast headed by Melanie Griffith, there's Harrison Ford (in one of the rare romantic comedies that suits his talents), Sigourney Weaver and wonderful Joan Cusack. And Olympia Dukakis, Alec Baldwin and Kevin Spacey are in it too (don't blink)! A great musical score and Oscar winning song by Carly Simon, all directed by Mike Nichols, I give this two thumbs up, and a 10! 25 of 33 people found this review helpful. Was this review helpful to you? Yes |
Give a year in the life of French military leader and saint,Joan-of-Arc? | Joan of Arc Biography -Biography Online About Joan of Arc Biography Joan of Arc (1412-1431) is considered a French heroine and Roman Catholic saint. Born in obscurity to a peasant family, she travelled to the uncrowned Dauphin of France, advising him to reclaim his French throne and defeat the English. Joan of Arc was sent alongside French troops at the siege of Orleans and rose to prominence after the siege was lifted after nine days. She was later captured and burned at the stake for heresy. However, as she predicted, seven years after her death, France was reunited with the English defeated and Charles crowned King. Early Life Joan of Arc was born in 1412 Domremy, France. Legend says that she was born to auspicious signs held to be a forecast of national triumph. However, what is more certain is that her family were poor and her region had suffered from the long conflict between England and France. “One life is all we have and we live it as we believe in living it. But to sacrifice what you are and to live without belief, that is a fate more terrible than dying.” – Joan of Arc From an early age Joan of Arc displayed a sensitive and religious temperament. It is said by friends that: “She was greatly committed to the service of God and the Blessed Mary.” (1) From the age of 12 she began to have mystical visions. In these visions she said she felt the voice of God commanding her to renew the French nation. At her later trial Joan of Arc said she felt these visions were as real seeing another person. The visions were often accompanied by light and the presence of saints such as St Michael and St Catherine. “I was thirteen when I had a Voice from God for my help and guidance. The first time that I heard this Voice, I was very much frightened; it was mid-day, in the summer, in my father’s garden. – Joan of Arc from her trial transcript. (2) These visions made Joan of Arc even more religiously inclined. She would frequently go to confession and, it is said that, whenever she heard the bells for Mass she would immediately drop her work and run to church. Initially Joan did not tell others about her visions and inner commandments but in May 1428 the divine messages urged her to seek an audience with Charles de Ponthieu currently an ineffective and relatively weak leader of the French. At the time of Joan’s childhood, France was seriously divided with a lack of national unity. In 1415 King Henry V of England had invaded France and defeated the French army at Agincourt. This famous victory over the French nobility left the country weak and divided. The main divisions were between the Dauphins and English supporting Burgundians. Under Charles de Ponthieu the French were without direction and without a real leader. When Joan of Arc came to the court she overwhelmed Charles with her passion and conviction. It is quite remarkable that this 17 year old peasant girl was, as a consequence, given control over an army and allowed to lead them into battle. Within a year Joan of Arc had led the French army to victories at Orleans, Patay and Troyes. Many other towns were also liberated from English control and it allowed a triumphal entry into Dauphin for the coronation of King Charles VII on 17 July 1429. For her exploits and leadership Joan of Arc and her family were granted noble status. She has also won the hearts of the French soldiers who looked up to Joan as an almost mythical leader. However a year later Joan was captured by the Burgundian forces at Compiegne and sold to the English. Her trial is well documented and provides a revealing insight into her character and destiny. The English and members of the French clergy decided to put her on trial for witchcraft. In many ways it was a show trial with the result cleverly orchestrated. The leading clergy member was Pierre Cauchon was a staunch supporter of the British and hated Joan of Arc for her miraculous revival of French national pride. However, another interpretation is that he genuinely felt obliged to save Joan’s Immortal soul from damnation for the claims she was making. T |
Who won the Booker Prize for 'The Old Devils'? | Kingsley Amis on Desert Island Discs: November 9th 1986 (Part One) - YouTube Kingsley Amis on Desert Island Discs: November 9th 1986 (Part One) Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. The interactive transcript could not be loaded. Loading... Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Apr 30, 2012 Kingsley Amis won the 1986 Booker Prize for his novel The Old Devils. In conversation with Michael Parkinson, he talks about his childhood in South London, the success of his first published novel Lucky Jim, which he wrote when a lecturer at Swansea University, and his subsequent career as a don at Cambridge and then as a full-time novelist. Category |
In which English county is the Isle of Purbeck? | Isle of Purbeck, Corfe Castle, Swanage, Dorset England, ( 6 ) - YouTube Isle of Purbeck, Corfe Castle, Swanage, Dorset England, ( 6 ) Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Feb 23, 2013 Corfe Castle, Isle of Purbeck, Dorset. I love this small Dorset village, and the Castle dating from the 11th Century. Every person that visits Dorset should not miss this traditional stone built village. It is beautiful. The name Corfe means a pass in Old English. Corfe Castle was built on a steep chalk hill created by two streams eroding the rock either side. The construction of the medieval castle means that little is known about previous activity on the hill. However, there are postholes belonging to a Saxon hall on the site. The dramatic ruins of Corfe Castle stand on a natural hill guarding the principal route through the Purbeck Hills. As you can see it guards the gap between the south of Purbeck, where Purbeck marble was once quarried, and the rest of England. Nothing could pass in or out without going past the Castle. Corfe Castle is a fortification standing above the village of the same name in the English county of Dorset. Built by William the Conqueror, the castle dates back to the 11th century and commands a gap in the Purbeck Hills on the route between Wareham and Swanage. The first phase was one of the earliest castles in England to be built using stone when the majority were built with earth and timber. Corfe Castle underwent major structural changes in the 12th and 13th centuries. In 1572, Corfe Castle left the Crown's control when Elizabeth I sold it to Sir Christopher Hatton. Sir John Bankes bought the castle in 1635, and was the owner during the English Civil War. His wife, Lady Mary Bankes, led the defence of the castle when it was twice besieged by Parliamentarian forces. The first siege, in 1643, was unsuccessful, but by 1645 Corfe was one of the last remaining royalist strongholds in southern England and fell to a siege ending in an assault. In March that year Corfe Castle was demolished on Parliament's orders. Owned by the National Trust, the castle is open to the public and in 2010 received around 190,000 visitors. It is protected as a Grade I listed building and a Scheduled Ancient Monument. A castle was founded at Corfe near England's south coast soon after the Norman Conquest of England in 1066. The royal forest of Purbeck, where William the Conqueror enjoyed hunting, was established in the area. Between 1066 and 1087 William established 36 castles such in England. Sitting as it does on a hill top, Corfe Castle is one of the classic images of a medieval castle, however despite popular imagination occupying the highest point in the landscape was not the typical position of a medieval castle. In England, a minority are located on hilltops while most are in valleys; many were near important transport routes such as river crossings. Unusually for castles built in the 11th century, Corfe was partially constructed from stone indicating it was of particularly high status. A stone wall was built around the hill top, creating an inner ward or enclosure. There were two further enclosures: one to the west, and one that extended south ( the outer bailey ) in contrast to the inner bailey, these were surrounded by palisades made from timber. At the time the vast majority of castles in England were built using earth and timber, and it was not until the 12th century that many began to be rebuilt in stone. The Domesday Book records one castle in Dorset; the entry, which reads "Of the manor of Kingston the King has one hide on which he built Wareham castle", is thought to refer to Corfe rather than the timber castle at Wareham. There are 48 castles directly mentioned in the Domesday Book, although not all those in existence at the time were recorded. Assuming that Corfe is the castle in question, it is |
Who wrote 'Sexus', 'Nexus'and 'Plexus' that collectively make up 'The Rosy Crucifixion'? | Henry Miller's Women, Part Two: Orgasm | The Huffington Post Henry Miller's Women, Part Two: Orgasm 06/24/2014 03:29 pm ET | Updated Aug 24, 2014 Arthur Hoyle Author of 'The Unknown Henry Miller: A Seeker in Big Sur' When Miller was 22 and, at his mother's behest, working in his father's tailor shop, he began taking piano lessons from an attractive young woman more suitable for courtship than the divorcee Pauline Chouteau. Beatrice Sylvas Wickens was an amateur pianist who had been raised by a maiden aunt after her mother remarried. Her convent education had left her conflicted and puritanical about sex, a feature of her character that caused Miller considerable frustration and resentment. Their dates would end with heavy petting in the hallway of her apartment that always stopped short of consummation. Beatrice finally yielded, but Henry had to penetrate her through her nightgown, a contraceptive with humorous overtones. After the United States entered World War One, Miller left his father's tailor shop to take a job in Washington as a clerk in the War Department. A confirmed pacifist, he hoped that this position would exclude him from the draft, but when he received a notice ordering him to register, he returned to New York to marry Beatrice and qualify for a deferment. They honeymooned at Niagara Falls, after which Henry again went to work at his father's tailor shop. He took up a life that in its conventionality and dreariness mirrored the empty life of his parents. Beatrice's frigidity continued into their marriage, further aggravating him. Soon the atmosphere of their relationship turned toxic, Miller responding to her coldness with contempt and philandering. Following a visit they made to Beatrice's mother in Delaware during which Miller carried on an affair with the mother, Beatrice became pregnant. A daughter named Barbara was born in September 1919. In 1920, after Heinrich Miller was forced to close his tailor shop and hire himself out to other tailors, Henry took a job as the employment manager of Western Union at a salary of $240 a month. He quickly became a rowdy and unscrupulous executive, hiring pretty female assistants with whom he carried on affairs and skimming the messengers' carfare allowance into his own pocket. In the fall of 1921, Beatrice moved to Rochester, New York to live with her aunt, taking Barbara with her. After Miller wrote Beatrice an affectionate letter and visited them, Beatrice decided to return to New York to resume their marriage, but the dynamics of their relationship had not changed. Twice Beatrice became pregnant, and twice abortions were arranged. Their loveless marriage continued until Miller met a young woman who turned his life in a radically new direction that propelled him towards becoming a writer. ]While staying away from home to avoid his family and its unwanted responsibilities, Miller had become a frequenter of the dance halls that clustered around Times Square. One evening in the summer of 1923 he had a fateful encounter with a beautiful taxi dancer who would become the central character of four of his autobiographical novels: Tropic of Capricorn, and Sexus, Plexus, and Nexus (collectively called The Rosy Crucifixion). Miller bought a string of dance tickets and quickly fell under the spell of this beautiful, mysterious, mercurial, dark-haired woman who called herself June Mansfield. By year's end his marriage to Beatrice was over. Miller joined June in her tawdry street life, living rent free with her at a succession of friends' apartments where they made love through the night until Miller, sleepless, would drag himself off to work at Western Union. In June 1924 they were married at City Hall in Hoboken, New Jersey in a ceremony witnessed by strangers recruited from passing pedestrians. Miller was plunged into a passionate but chaotic existence with June that scoured him emotionally and psychologically. \Miller mythologized June as Mara/Mona in his autobiographical novels. Who was she really? Her given name was Juliet Edith Smerth. She was born in 1902 in Romania, a |
What was the name ofthe character played by Richard Griffiths in the TV series 'Pie In The Sky'? | Withnail & I Actor Richard Griffiths Dies Weather Withnail & I Actor Richard Griffiths Dies Tributes are paid to Richard Griffiths, star of Withnail & I, The History Boys and the Harry Potter films, who has died aged 65. 09:58, UK, Friday 29 March 2013 Video: Potter Actor Richard Griffiths Dies Mail Actor Richard Griffiths, best known for his roles in The History Boys, Withnail & I and Pie In The Sky, has died. He died of complications following heart surgery at the University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire. He was 65. Born in Thornaby-on-Tees in North Yorkshire in 1947, Griffiths established himself as a much-loved character actor in dozens of films and television series over five decades. His best-known roles included his turn as the lascivious Uncle Monty in the cult 1987 movie Withnail & I, and as Hector in the stage and film version of Alan Bennett's The History Boys. He had recently been introduced to a new generation of fans with his performances as Vernon Dursley in the Harry Potter films. Image Caption: Receiving his OBE from the Queen Griffiths worked with big-name Hollywood directors - featuring in Martin Scorsese's Hugo and Tim Burton's Sleepy Hollow - as well as appearing in TV comedies like The Vicar Of Dibley, Ted And Ralph and Lovejoy. Between 1994 and 1997 he starred in the BBC series Pie In The Sky as detective-turned-restaurateur Henry Crabbe. Video: Director's Tribute To 'Great Actor' Having originally made his name on stage with Shakespearean roles including Falstaff and Bottom, he appeared last year as the Duke of Burgundy in Henry V as part of the BBC's celebrated Hollow Crown series. He had recently been appearing in Neil Simon's The Sunshine Boys with Danny DeVito in the West End and had been due to reprise his role in the production in Los Angeles in September. He was awarded an OBE in 2008 for services to drama. Griffiths was famously said to have had little patience for people who allowed their mobile phones to ring in the theatre, reportedly stopping during a performance of The History Boys and telling the offending audience member: "I am asking you to stand up, leave this auditorium and never, ever come back." Born to deaf parents he learned sign language at an early age. He is survived by his wife, Heather Gibson. Richard E Grant, who played Withnail in Withnail & I, wrote on Twitter: "My beloved 'Uncle Monty' Richard Griffiths died last night. Chin-Chin my dear friend." Co-star Paul McGann wrote: "A brilliant, funny, principled man, and a true gent. Led the way on Withnail & I. Wore his great skill lightly and his great heart out. RIP." Daniel Radcliffe, who starred as Harry Potter and also appeared alongside Griffiths in the play Equus, led tributes to the actor. He said: "In August 2000, before official production had even begun on Potter, we filmed a shot outside the Dursleys', which was my first ever shot as Harry. "I was nervous and he made me feel at ease. "Seven years later, we embarked on Equus together. It was my first time doing a play but, terrified as I was, his encouragement, tutelage and humour made it a joy. "In fact, any room he walked into was made twice as funny and twice as clever just by his presence. I am proud to say I knew him." National Theatre director Sir Nicholas Hytner, who directed Griffiths in The History Boys and The Habit Of Art, said: "Richard Griffiths wasn't only one of the most loved and recognisable British actors - he was also one of the very greatest. "His performance in The History Boys was quite overwhelming: a masterpiece of wit, delicacy, mischief and desolation, often simultaneously. "But that was just one small part of a career that spanned Shakespeare, cutting-edge new plays and major work in film and television." His agent Simon Beresford said: "Richard brightened my days and enriched the life of anyone he came into contact with. "On stage he allowed us to share in our own humanity and constantly question our differences. Richard gave acting a good name. He was a remarkable man and one of our greatest and best-loved actors. He will be g |
Give a year in the life of French philosopher and satirist Voltaire? | Voltaire (Fran�ois-Marie Arouet) > By Individual Philosopher > Philosophy (Portrait by Nicolas de Largilli�re, 1718) Introduction Voltaire (real name Fran�ois-Marie Arouet) (1694 - 1778) was a French philosopher and writer of the Age of Enlightenment . His intelligence, wit and style made him one of France's greatest writers and philosophers, despite the controversy he attracted. He was an outspoken supporter of social reform (including the defence of civil liberties, freedom of religion and free trade), despite the strict censorship laws and harsh penalties of the period, and made use of his satirical works to criticize Catholic dogma and the French institutions of his day. Along with John Locke , Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau , his works and ideas influenced important thinkers of both the American and French Revolutions. He was a prolific writer, and produced works in almost every literary form (plays, poetry, novels, essays, historical and scientific works, over 21,000 letters and over two thousand books and pamphlets). Life Voltaire was born on 21 November 1694 in Paris, France, the youngest of five children in a middle-class family. His father was Fran�ois Arouet, a notary and minor treasury official; his mother was Marie Marguerite d'Aumart, from a noble family of Poitou province. Voltaire was educated by Jesuits at the Coll�ge Louis-le-Grand in Paris from 1704 to 1711, where he showed an early gift for languages, learning Latin and Greek as a child, and later becoming fluent in Italian, Spanish and English as well. He, however, claimed that he learned nothing but "Latin and the Stupidities". By the time he left college, Voltaire had already decided he wanted to become a writer. However, his father very much wanted him to become a lawyer, so Voltaire pretended to work in Paris as an assistant to a lawyer, while actually spending much of his time writing satirical poetry. Even when his father found him out and sent him to study law in the provinces, he nevertheless continued to write. Voltaire's wit soon made him popular among some of the aristocratic families of Paris and he became a favourite in society circles. When Voltaire's father obtained a job for him as a secretary to the French ambassador in the Netherlands, Voltaire fell in love with a French refugee named Catherine Olympe Dunoyer, but their scandalous elopement was foiled by Voltaire's father and he was forced to return to France. From an early age, Voltaire had trouble with the French authorities for his energetic attacks on the government and the Catholic Church, which resulted in numerous imprisonments and exiles throughout his life. In 1717, still in his early twenties, he became involved in the Cellamare conspiracy of Giulio Alberoni against Philippe II, Duke of Orl�ans (then Regent for King Louis XV of France), and his writings about the Regent led to him being imprisoned in the infamous Bastille for eleven months. While there, however, he wrote his debut play, "Oedipe", whose success established his reputation. In 1718, following this incarceration, he adopted the name "Voltaire" (a complex anagrammatical play on words), both as a pen-name and for daily use, which many have seen as marking his formal separation from his family and his past. When he offended a young nobleman, the Chevalier de Rohan, in 1726 a lettre de cachet was issued to exile Voltaire without a trial and he spent almost three years in England from 1726 to 1729. The experience greatly influenced his ideas and experiences, and he was particularly impressed by Britain's constitutional monarchy, its support of the freedoms of speech and religion, as well as the philosophy of John Locke and the scientific works of Sir Isaac Newton (1642 - 1726) on optics and gravity. After he returned to Paris, he published his views on British government, literature and religion in a collection entitled "Lettres philosophiques sur les Anglais" ("Philosophical letters on the English"), which met great controversy in France (including the burning of copies of the work), and Voltaire was aga |
In Greek mythology, which mountain nymph fell in love with Narcissus? | Echo Echo See More Echo Pictures > Echo was an Oread in Greek mythology, a mountain nymph that lived on Mount Kithairon. Zeus was quite attracted to nymphs and often visited them. Hera , his wife, jealous of his various affairs, followed him trying to catch him. However, Echo would engage Hera in long-winded conversations, giving the time to Zeus to evade her. At some point, Hera realised the plot of Echo and cursed her to only be able to repeat the last words that another person just said. After being cursed, Echo came across a beautiful young man named Narcissus , but was unable to talk to him because of the curse. She simply followed him in the woods. Narcissus , having lost his companions with whom he had gone hunting, started shouting "Is anyone there?" Echo , given the opportunity, repeated the words. He shouted again "Let's come together" to which Echo rushed onto him repeating his words. However, Narcissus rejected Echo , and she was left in despair. Narcissus came across a lake and there, he fell in love with his own image, causing his death, unable to move. Echo mourned for him and eventually died away herself, leaving only her voice behind. Echo Is also called Ekho. |
Which Tennis player beat Serena and Venus Williams inconsecutive matches at the 2001 Australian Open? | Serena Williams' Grand Slam history and U.S. Open Serena prepared for Slam Serena year by year A look at how far Serena Williams advanced in each of the grand slams during her nearly 20 years on tour. 1998 AUSTRALIAN OPEN: No. 53 Serena Williams lost to No. 16 Venus Williams in the Round of 64, 7-6 (7-4), 6-1. FRENCH OPEN: No. 27 Serena Williams lost to No. 5 Arantxa Sanchez Vicario in the Round of 16, 4-6, 7-5, 6-3. WIMBLEDON: No. 20 Serena Williams lost to No. 47 Virginia Ruano Pascual in the Round of 32, 7-5, 4-1 (retired). U.S. OPEN: No. 20 Serena Williams lost to No. 8 Irina Spirlea in the Round of 32, 6-3, 0-6, 7-5. 1999 AUSTRALIAN OPEN: No. 26 Serena Williams lost to No. 15 Sandrine Testud in the round of 32, 6-2, 2-6, 9-7. FRENCH OPEN: No. 10 Serena Williams lost to No. 37 Mary Joe Fernandez in the Round of 32, 6-3, 1-6, 6-0. WIMBLEDON: Missed tournament because of injury. U.S. OPEN: No. 6 Serena Williams won her first Grand Slam by defeating No. 1 Martina Hingis in the final, 6-3, 7-6. 2000 AUSTRALIAN OPEN: No. 4 Serena Williams lost to No. 18 Elena Likhovtseva in the Round of 16, 6-3, 6-3. FRENCH OPEN: Missed tournament because of injury. WIMBLEDON: No. 8 Serena Williams lost to No. 5 Venus Williams in the semifinals, 6-2, 7-6. U.S. OPEN: No. 5 Serena Williams lost to No. 2 Lindsay Davenport in the quarterfinals, 6-4, 6-2. 2001 AUSTRALIAN OPEN: No. 6 Serena Williams lost to No. 1 Martina Hingis in the quarterfinals, 6-2, 3-6, 8-6. FRENCH OPEN: No. 7 Serena Williams lost to No. 4 Jennifer Capriati in the quarterfinals, 6-2, 5-7, 6-2. WIMBLEDON: No. 5 Serena Williams lost to No. 4 Jennifer Capriati in quarterfinals, 6-7, (4-7), 7-5, 6-3. U.S. OPEN: No. 10 Serena Williams lost to No. 4 Venus Williams in the final, 6-2, 6-4. 2002 AUSTRALIAN OPEN: Missed tournament because of injury. FRENCH OPEN: No. 3 Serena Williams beat No. 2 Venus Williams in the final, 7-5, 6-3. WIMBLEDON: No. 2 Serena Williams beat No. 1 Venus Williams in the final, 7-6 (7-4), 6-3. U.S. OPEN: No. 1 Serena Williams beat No. 2 Venus Williams in the final, 6-4, 6-3. 2003 AUSTRALIAN OPEN: No. 1 Serena Williams beat No. 2 Venus Williams in the final, 7-6 (7-4), 3-6, 6-4. FRENCH OPEN: No. 1 Serena Williams lost to No. 4 Justine Henin in the semifinals, 6-2, 4-6, 7-5. WIMBLEDON: No. 1 Serena Williams beat No. 4 Venus Williams in the final, 4-6, 6-4, 6-2. U.S. OPEN: Missed tournament because of injury. 2004 AUSTRALIAN OPEN: Missed tournament because of injury. FRENCH OPEN: No. 7 Serena Williams lost to No. 6 Jennifer Capriati in the quarterfinals, 6-3, 2-6, 6-3. WIMBLEDON: No.10 Serena Williams lost to No. 15 Maria Sharapova in the final, 6-1, 6-4. U.S. OPEN: No. 11 Serena Williams lost to No. 8 Jennifer Capriati in the quarterfinals, 2-6, 6-4, 6-4. 2005 AUSTRALIAN OPEN: No. 7 Serena Williams beat No. 1 Lindsay Davenport in the final, 2-6, 6-3, 6-0. FRENCH OPEN: Missed tournament because of injury. WIMBLEDON: No. 4 Serena Williams lost to No. 85 Jill Craybas in the Round of 32, 6-3, 7-6 (7-4). U.S. OPEN: No. 8 Serena Williams lost to No. 10 Venus Williams in the Round of 16, 7-6 (7-5), 6-2. 2006 AUSTRALIAN OPEN: No. 15 Serena Williams lost to No. 17 Daniela Hantuchova in the Round of 32, 6-1, 7-6 (7-5). FRENCH OPEN: Missed tournament because of injury. WIMBLEDON: Missed tournament because of injury. U.S. OPEN: No. 91 Serena Williams lost to No. 1 Amelie Mauresmo in the Round of 16, 6-4, 0-6, 6-2. 2007 AUSTRALIAN OPEN: No. 81 Serena Williams beat No. 2 Maria Sharapova in the final, 6-1, 6-2. FRENCH OPEN: No. 8 Serena Williams lost to No. 1 Justine Henin in the quarterfinals, 6-4, 6-3. WIMBLEDON: No. 8 Serena Williams lost to No. 1 Justine Henin in the quarterfinals, 6-4, 3-6, 6-3. U.S. OPEN: No. 9 Serena Williams lost to No. 1 Justine Henin in the quarterfinals, 7-6 (7-3), 6-1. 2008 AUSTRALIAN OPEN: No. 7 Serena Williams lost to No. 4 Jelena Jankovic in the quarterfinals, 6-3, 6-4. FRENCH OPEN: No. 5 Serena Williams lost to No. 24 Katarina Srebotnik in the Round of 32, 6-4, 6-4. WIMBLEDON: No. 6 Serena Williams lost to No. 7 Venus Williams in the fina |
Which carbohydrate is also called 'milk sugar'? | What is Milk Sugar? (with pictures) What is Milk Sugar? Last Modified Date: 02 December 2016 Copyright Protected: 10 hilariously insightful foreign words Milk sugar is a single molecule of glucose linked to a single molecule of galactose to form a carbohydrate. It is also commonly known as lactose , which is a special form of carbohydrate called a disaccharide. Lactose is the first and only form of carbohydrates consumed by humans and other newborn mammals in significant quantities. Although all mammals' milk naturally contains lactose, it is produced industrially from cows' milk. Research has shown that nearly 70% of the world's population is intolerant to milk sugar, a condition called lactose intolerance. It may cause digestive problems ranging from gas and bloating to gastrointestinal discomfort and diarrhea. Lactose intolerance may be caused by a deficiency of the enzyme lactase , which is present on the surface of cells lining the small intestine. The function of lactase is to break down this complex sugar into simpler forms of sugar, glucose and galactose, that can be more easily absorbed by the bloodstream. Some dairy products are marketed to people who have lactose intolerance. These food items include everything from milk to ice cream and cheese that have had all the lactose removed. Dietary supplements are also available that enable people who have an intolerance to the substance to digest it. Ad For people who don't have trouble digesting lactose, dietary supplements containing milk sugar are commonly used as part of a high-calorie diet or to gain weight. It is sometimes used as a sweetener in fermented alcoholic beverages like beer as well. Lactose may also be used as a stabilizing ingredient in the production of aromas and fragrances. Lactose is also commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry as an excipient — an inert substance used as a vehicle for a drug's active ingredients. Lactose tends to be inert, meaning it does not commonly react with other ingredients, and it is also non-toxic and inexpensive. This makes it ideal for use in pharmaceuticals such as tablets, capsules, and dry powder inhalers. Pharmaceutical lactose is isolated from milk whey through the processes of concentration , crystallization, and purification. Fabricio Bartoletti was a doctor of philosophy and medicine who discovered the presence of lactose in milk in 1619. A professor of surgery and anatomy, Fabricio Bartoletti was also the first person to isolate the milk sugar from the whey. Lactose wasn't identified as a sugar until 1780 by a pharmaceutical chemist named Carl Wilhelm Scheele. Ad anon351292 Post 9 Most lactose intolerance is due to pasteurizing milk. My son and nephew both had stomach pain after drinking milk. Once we all switched to raw milk, the pain ceased. The more I talk to people using raw milk, the more I hear this story. serenesurface Post 8 @MikeMason-- I'm no expert but I think that lactose intolerance develops at a later age. Infants don't have lactose intolerance. Some infants have trouble digesting cow's milk so they need to switch to goat's milk. I think that genetically, we are all supposed to become lactose intolerant after childhood. But because some cultures consume a lot more milk and continue to have it into adulthood, some of our genes have adapted to tolerate milk after childhood. stoneMason Post 7 How can 70% of all people be lactose intolerant when we all have breast milk as babies? If so many people were lactose intolerant, they wouldn't be able to have milk from the beginning right? And I have never heard of lactose intolerant babies. bear78 Post 6 I think people are confused about lactose. Lactose is a sugar molecule but don't think of this as something like table sugar that is sweet. When we're talking about sugar molecules, we are talking about different types of carbohydrates. All carbohydrates turn into glucose, a type of sugar in our body. This is what we use for energy. So the fact that a food has a type of sugar in it like lactose, glucose or fructose doesn't necessarily mea |
Who was the Greek goddess of the Moon? | SELENE - Greek Goddess of the Moon (Roman Luna) Selene Moon (selênê) Selene goddess of the moon, Athenian red-figure kylix C5th B.C., Antikensammlung Berlin SELENE was the Titan goddess of the moon. She was depicted as a woman riding sidesaddle on a horse or driving a chariot drawn by a pair of winged steeds. Her lunar sphere or crescent was either a crown set upon her head or the fold of a raised, shining cloak. She was sometimes said to drive a team of oxen and her lunar crescent was likened to a pair of bull's horns. Selene's great love was the shepherd prince Endymion . The beautiful boy was granted eternal youth and immortality by Zeus and placed in a state of eternal slumber in a cave near the peak of Lydian Mount Latmos (Latmus). His heavenly bride consorted with him there in the night. A number of other goddesses were also associated with the moon, however, only Selene was represented by the old Greek poets represented as the moon incarnate. Other Greek moon goddesses included Pasiphae , the Leukippides (Leucippes) , Eileithyia , Hekate (Hecate) , Artemis , Bendis , and Hera (who sometimes doubled for Selene in the Endymion myth). FAMILY OF SELENE [1.1] HYPERION & THEIA (Hesiod Theogony 371, Apollodorus 1.8, Hyginus Preface) [1.2] HYPERION & EURYPHAESSA (Homeric Hymn 31 to Helios) [2.1] PALLAS (Homeric Hymn 4 to Hermes 100, Ovid Fasti 4.373) [3.1] HELIOS (Euripides Phoenicians 175, Nonnus Dionysiaca 44.198) OFFSPRING [1.1] PANDEIA (by Zeus ) (Homeric Hymn 32 to Selene, Hyginus Preface) [2.1] ERSA (by Zeus ) (Greek Lyric II Alcman Frag 57) [3.1] NEMEA (by Zeus ) (Scholiast on Pindar's Nemean Ode) [5.1] THE MENAI x50 (by Endymion ) (Pausanias 5.1.5) [6.1] NEMEAN LION (Aelian On Animals 12.7, Hyginus Fabulae 30, Seneca Hercules Furens 83) [7.1] MOUSAIOS (Ion of Chiod Frag 30a, Plato Republic 364d, Philodemus On Piety) [8.1] NARKISSOS (by Endymion ) (Nonnus Dionysiaca 48.582) ENCYCLOPEDIA SELE′NE (Selênê), also called Mene, or Latin Luna, was the goddess of the moon, or the moon personified into a divine being. She is called a daughter of Hyperion and Theia, and accordingly a sister of Helios and Eos (Hes. Theog. 371, &c.; Apollod. i. 2. § 2; Schol. ad Pind. Isthm. v. 1, ad Apollon. Rhod. iv. 55); but others speak of her as a daughter of Hyperion by Euryphaessa (Hom. Hymn. 31. 5), or of Pallas (Hom. Hymn. in Merc. 99, &c.), or of Zeus and Latona (Schol. ad Eurip. Phoen. 175), or lastly of Helios (Eurip. l.c.; comp. Hygin. Praef. p. 10, ed. Muncker). She is also called Phoebe, as the sister of Phoebus, the god of the sun. By Endymion, whom she loved, and whom she sent to sleep in order to kiss him, she became the mother of fifty daughters (Apollod. i. 7. § 5; Cic. Tusc. i. 38; Catull. 66. 5; Paus. v. 1. § 2); by Zeus she became the mother of Pandeia, Ersa, and Nemea (Hom. Hymn. 32. 14 ; Plut. Sympos. iii. in fin.; Schol. ad Pind. Nem. Hypoth. p. 425, ed. Böckh). Pan also is said to have had connexion with her in the shape of a white ram (Virg. Georg. iii. 391). Selene is described as a very beautiful goddess, with long wings and a golden diadem (Hom. Hymn. 32. 1, 7), and Aeschylus (Sept. 390) calls her the eye of night. She rode, like her brother Helios, across the heavens in a chariot drawn by two white horses, cows, or mules (Ov. Fast. iv. 374, iii. 110, Rem. Am. 258 ; Auson. Ep. v. 3; Claudian, Rapt. Proserp. iii. 403; Nonn. Dionys. vii. 244). She was represented on the pedestal of the throne of Zeus at Olympia, riding on a horse or a mule (Paus. v. 11. § 3); and at Elis there was a statue of her with two horns (Paus. vi. 24. § 5). In later times Selene was identified with Artemis, and the worship of the two became amalgamated (Callim. Hymn. in Dian. 114, 141 ; Soph. Oed. Tyr. 207 ; Plut. Sympos. l.c.; Catull. 34. 16; Serv. ad Aen. iv. 511, vi. 118). In works of art, however, the two divinities are usually distinguished; the face of Selene being more full and round, her figure less tall, and always clothed in a long robe; her veil forms an arch above her head, and above it there is the crescent. At Rome Luna had a |
Who won the Men's Singles at the 2001 Australian OpenTennis Championships? | U.S. Open | tennis | Britannica.com U.S. Open Alternative Title: United States Open Tennis Championships Related Topics Fed Cup U.S. Open, formally the United States Open Tennis Championships, international tennis tournament, the fourth and final of the major events that make up the annual Grand Slam of tennis (the other tournaments are the Australian Open , the French Open , and the Wimbledon Championships ). Arthur Ashe Stadium at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center, Queens, N.Y. © Ffooter/Shutterstock.com The U.S. Open is held each year over a two-week period in late August and early September. Since 1978 all the U.S. Open championships have been played on the acrylic hard courts of the U.S. Tennis Association (USTA) National Tennis Center (renamed the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in 2006) in Flushing Meadows, Queens , N.Y. The U.S. Open consists of championships in five main categories: men’s singles and doubles, women’s singles and doubles, and mixed doubles. The tournament is unique among the Grand Slam events in that tiebreakers are played in the deciding sets (the fifth set for men and the third set for women), instead of continuing play in the final set until a player has won by two games. Mariya Sharapova serving during the 2006 U.S. Open women’s final; she defeated Justine … Stan Honda—AFP/Getty Images The U.S. Open developed from one of the oldest tennis championships in the world: the U.S. National Championship, which was established in 1881 as a national men’s singles and doubles competition. The tournament was open only to clubs that were members of the U.S. National Lawn Tennis Association (USLTA; now the USTA). The event expanded to include women’s singles in 1887, women’s doubles in 1889, and mixed doubles in 1892. The five championships were contested at different locales until 1968, when all five tournaments were finally hosted at a common site (the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills , Queens, N.Y.), whereupon the championships became known as the U.S. Open. The tournament moved to Flushing Meadows in 1978. As a unique result of this decentralized history, the tournament has been played on a variety of surfaces: from 1881 to 1974, it was played on grass; from 1975 to 1977, on clay; and since 1978, on DecoTurf, a fast hard-court surface comprising an acrylic layer over an asphalt or concrete base. Andre Agassi returning the ball during a match at the 1999 U.S. Open. Clive Brunskill—Allsport/Getty Images French Open The main court at the U.S. Open (and the National Tennis Center’s largest venue) is the 22,000-seat Arthur Ashe Stadium, which is followed in capacity by the 10,000-seat Louis Armstrong Stadium, the 6,000-seat Grandstand Stadium, and smaller side courts. All courts are lit and therefore conducive to night play, and the inner courts are painted blue to facilitate the tracking of the ball. Like most major championships tied to professional sports , the U.S. Open is as much a media extravaganza and tourist attraction as a sporting event, with special musical acts and family activities scheduled throughout the two-week period. Justine Henin returning a shot during the 2007 U.S. Open. Xinhua/Landov One of the most notable moments in U.S. Open history took place in the 1992 semifinal match between American Michael Chang and Stefan Edberg of Sweden. Edberg emerged victorious, but only after a grueling five hours and 26 minutes, defeating Chang 6–7, 7–5, 7–6, 5–7, 6–4. That is believed to be the longest match in U.S. Open history. The longest women’s match in the competition’s history—in terms of number of games—occurred in 1898 (before the institution of tiebreakers), when the five-set match between Juliette Atkinson (the winner) and Marion Jones extended to 51 games. Arthur Ashe won the U.S. Open in 1968, but because of his amateur status (he was a lieutenant in the U.S. Army at the time) he was unable to accept the prize money. Another interesting side note in U.S. Open history is that Jimmy Connors is the only male to have won Open singles titles on all three of |
Which British philosopher's books include, 'Principles Of Mathematics'? | Ray Monk's top 10 philosophy books of the 20th century | Books | The Guardian Ray Monk's top 10 philosophy books of the 20th century Wednesday 31 October 2001 19.00 EST First published on Wednesday 31 October 2001 19.00 EST Share on Messenger Close Ray Monk is professor of philosophy at the University of Southampton and is the author of Ludwig Wittgenstein: The Duty of Genius, and Bertrand Russell: The Spirit of Solitude. His most recent book, Bertrand Russell: The Ghost of Madness 1921-1970, focuses on Russell's relationship with his son, John. Buy Bertrand Russell: The Ghost of Madness at Amazon.co.uk "The following list is unashamedly 'unbalanced'. Of the 10 books listed, four are by a single philosopher: Ludwig Wittgenstein. I make no apologies for this. In my view, Wittgenstein towers above all other 20th century philosophers to such an extent that it is surprising to find any books not written by him included in such a list." 1. The Principles of Mathematics by Bertrand Russell This is the nearest Russell came to writing a magnum opus. In its original conception it was to have been the book that established the truth of "logicism", the view that mathematics is nothing more nor less than a branch of logic. Unfortunately, this aim was scuppered by Russell's discovery, late in the book's development, of a paradox that threatened his whole system of logic. The book contains a tentative solution to this paradox, but, more than that, it established the lines of thinking that would dominate the philosophy of mathematics throughout the 20th century. 2. Logic and Knowledge by Bertrand Russell If one wants to know why Russell is regarded as a great philosopher, one should read this collection of his early essays. In particular, his 1905 paper, 'On Denoting', is arguably his greatest contribution to philosophy. It is in that paper that Russell expounds his famous Theory of Descriptions, a theory that has had a decisive influence on the style and content of the entire analytical tradition. In 'On Denoting', Russell set subsequent philosophers a great challenge: the challenge of seeing through the grammatical structures of everyday language in order to identify the logical structures that lie beneath them. In one way or another, most subsequent analytical philosophy can be seen as an attempt to rise to this challenge. 3. Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus by Ludwig Wittgenstein This is the only book Wittgenstein published in his lifetime, and is universally acknowledged to be a masterpiece. Though it has now received 80 years of commentary, there is still no settled view as to what, exactly, Wittgenstein meant by the numbered oracular pronouncements of which the book is composed. It has been read as a logical positivist tract, a work of religious mysticism and an exercise in Kierkegaardian irony. Wittgenstein himself insisted that its central point was to distinguish that which can be said in language and that which has to be "shown". Perhaps because of its opaqueness, it is a book that grows in fascination the more often one reads it. 4. Philosophical Investigations by Ludwig Wittgenstein This is, in my view, the greatest philosophical book ever written. Compared to Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, it is easy to read, but its true meaning is no less difficult to assimilate. At its heart is an assault upon the tendency, pervasive in almost all philosophical thinking, to "look for a substance whenever one sees a substantive". Thus, we ask: "what is the mind?" "what is consciousness?" and so on, without realising that our puzzlement will not be dispelled by finding something that is the mind, consciousness, etc. This is because the source of that puzzlement does not lie in the absence of such "substances", but rather in the assumption that there must be such things in order for the words we use to have any meaning. Wittgenstein's assault on this assumption is rich and many-faceted and has wide-reaching implications for all philosophical thinking. 5. Remarks on the Foundations of Mathematics by Ludwig Wittgenstein Philosophical Investi |
What was the name of the underground movement in rural France that fought against the Germans in WW II? | French Resistance World War II Knowledge Base > History > History French Resistance World War II The French Resistance is the name used to denote the collection of French resistance movements that fought against the Nazi German occupation of France and against the collaborationist Vichy régime during World War II. Studying to receive a BA in History from Columbia University. I love NY sports from Red Bulls to Yankees. Don't mind spending cold Friday nights with a movie and cup of hot chocolate. Curated Facts The role of the French Resistance in the success of Operation Overlord must never be underestimated. In existence since the early days of the German Occupation of France, originally the resistance was a movement which comprised of many separate units, each working independently, without co-ordination with one another. Bravely causing as many problems as possible to the occupying German troops. Many allied airmen owe their lives to these Frenchmen, who, through their web of contacts and safe houses, were able to help them back home to England. Article: Page Title During the late war, about 45,000 Allied aviators were shot down over occupied Europe, and their capture became a matter of immediate and furious concern for the Nazis. At least seventy-five per cent of these airmen attempting to evade capture were given assistance by heroic Resistance people of western Europe...The French "Underground Railroad"--twentieth century version--antedated the appearance of Allied bombming missions over Europe. Hundreds of British soldiers stranded on the Continent by the fall of France in the summer of 1940 had escaped by this means. × Amazon Results The Maquis des Manises was involved in resistance activities and the hiding and repatriation of allied aircrew shot down over France. When Operation Overlord was launched on the 6 June 1944, the various resistance movements all over France were mobilized to cause maximum disruption to German communications and troop movements. Playing their part, 250 maquisards of the Maquis des Manises engaged 3000 SS and French Vichy troops in combat in the forest area. This action no doubt delayed the mobilization of these German troops to Normandy, which in turn may have facilitated the consolidation of Allied positions on the Normandy beachheads. Article: French Resistance: The M... (ON DDAY) The German command could not determine where the Americans were concentrated (they in fact weren't) and what their objectives were to be. The French resistance had cut so many telephone lines that German HQ could not determine the full extent of the invasion. More importantly, the Germans could not determine whether or not if this airborne invasion was the real invasion or just a diversionary tactic. Article: Military History Online -... In France, toward the end of the war, the resistance movement assassinated Germans, collaborators and others they deemed unworthy of living, such as black marketers. According to rough estimates, the French Resistance killed 2500 people between the autumn of 1943 and June 6, 1945. Article: Victors against the Defea... "During the summer of 1941 the civilian population's resistance to our occupation forces intensified perceptibly in every theater of war, with sabotage incidents and attacks on Germany security troops and installations", German Field Marshal Wilhelm Keitel recalled the reports that came to his desk during the war. "[A]cts of sabotage became horrifying frequent in France and even in Belgium." The counter the resistance movement, German forces employed a policy to rule by iron fist, including later retribution operations against innocent civilians. Article: World War II Database The French Resistance movement is an umbrella term which covered numerous anti-German resistance movements that were based within France. There were resistance mov |
What colour is the cheek-patch of the European Goldfinch? | European GoldFinch European GoldFinch Anna June 29, 2013 0 Comments Country of Origin: Most European Countries Males Size: 12-13.5 cm in length with a wingspan of 21–25 cm Female Size: 12- 13.5 cm in length with a wingspan of 21-25cm Weight: 16-22g Lifespan: 10-15 years Best Suited as: Pets The European Goldfinch, often called the Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) came to Australia in the mid-19th century and is one of the only true finches that reside there. While mostly still found in the wild, they are colorful birds with a spirited song and make a nice musical addition to any family. Appearance It is difficult to tell the male and female Goldfinch apart, as they appear nearly identical. Both sexes have black wings with a distinct yellow stripe, red mask-like faces, black and white heads, ivory bills, and brown and white upper and under parts. The tail is notched and mostly black with a white tip. The Goldfinch bill is long and sharp, allowing them to extract seeds from thistles and teasels.Occasionally a male displays a larger, darker red mask that stretches past his eye while a female’s mask rarely reaches that far. Juvenile Goldfinches have a similar appearance with a plain head and more grey on their backs. Breeders have developed a variety of color mutations – tawny, yellow, albino and pastel. Temperament Goldfinches tend to be mild mannered, independent creatures, although they do best when they live in a pair. They get along well with other birds and are rarely aggressive. They should not be housed together with other pairs of Goldfinches, especially when mating. If you have the interest, your Goldfinch can be taught a number of tricks and are known to be almost acrobatic at times. Care The Goldfinch is easy to care for but your Goldfinch’s diet needs special attention. While mostly on a seed diet, its diet should also include millets, eggfood, green food (carrot tops, dandelion, lettuce, and fresh sprouts) and live food (mealworms and fruit fly larva). Some bird nutrition experts advocate for feeding your birds sprouted or germinated seeds instead of fresh vegetables and fruits. Your finch will always need plenty of fresh water, grit and cuttlebone. Your bird’s seed mix is available at most pet store and most storeowners will steer you towards a high-grade mix most likely containing thistle seed. For entertainment purposes, you can also have your little acrobat try a millet spray that he will love hung from his perch. Your bird will need little grooming although may need her nails trimmed from time to time. This is accomplished by holding your Goldfinch firmly without fear of getting pecked or bitten. Goldfinches tend to be higher maintenance when they are mating. Their diet need to be more restrictive, higher in protein and more and fresh produce needs to be introduced. If you breed your Goldfinch pair, you are likely to have a clutch of 3-7 eggs which hatch in approximately 14 days. Interestingly, your male Goldfinch will most likely be the one to feed the babies. Enclosure While European Goldfinches prefer to fly free in large planted aviaries, they will tolerate large indoor flight cages as well. They enjoy flying from perch to perch so make sure their cage is free of items that may get in the way of them stretching their wings. The size of the cage should be a minimum of 30 cm x 45 cm for a pair. It should be placed in a well-lit area at eye level but not where there will be drafts. The cage needs to be washed every week and the paper and grit should be changed several times a week. If you have fortunate to have an aviary for your pet Goldfinch, they can be housed with other birds of similar size. It is best not to keep them with parrots, lovebirds and parakeets, however. Health Issues There are not many common types of illnesses known to be a problem for Goldfinches. Most injuries and sickness come from neglect or ignorance on the part of their owner. If their cage is not cleaned often (perches need to be disinfected, too!) then sickness can be a problem. Broken wings are also likely if cages are too smal |
A 'Knab' or 'Knot' is the collective noun for which amphibious creatures? | Animal Group Names - Documents Documents Share Animal Group Names Embed <iframe src="http://documents.mx/embed/animal-group-names.html" width="750" height="600" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" style="border:1px solid #CCC; border-width:1px; margin-bottom:5px; max-width: 100%;" allowfullscreen> </iframe> <div style="margin-bottom:5px"> <strong> <a href="http://documents.mx/documents/animal-group-names.html" title="Animal Group Names" target="_blank">Animal Group Names</a></div> size(px) Animals Group name Text Animal Group Names (Collective Nouns) Animal Albatross Antelopes Ants Apes Asses Auks Baboons Badgers Bats Bears Beavers Bees Rookery Herd, cluster, herd Nest, army, colony, state, swarm, bike Shrewdness, troop Pace, drove, herd, coffle Colony, flock, raft Troop, flange Cete, colony, set, company Colony, cloud Sloth, sleuth, slought Family, lodge, colony Swarm, cluster, nest, hive, erst, bike, cast, college, drift, game, fry, peck, rabble, stand, range, butt, spindle, grist Birds Bison Bitterns Battery, cast, congregation, covert, covey, drift, flight, fleet, flock, flush, nest, aviary Herd Flock, sedge, siege Group Name Bloodhounds Sute Boars Buffaloes Bullfinches Bullocks Butterflies Camels Caribou Caterpillars Cats Sounder, singular, herd Troop, herd, gang, obstinacy Bellowing Drove Rabble, flight Flock, train, caravan, herd Herd Army, nest Clowder, clutter, cluster, colony, glorying, kindle, litter, dout, parliament, seraglio, glaring, destruction (wild cats) Cattle Chicken Chinchilla Clams Cockroaches Cod Colts Cormorants Drove, herd, bow, bunch, draft, drift, flote, head, diary Brood, clutch, hatching, nest, parcel, peep, battery, flock Colony Bed Intrusion Lap Rake, rage Colony, flight Cows Crabs Cranes Crocodiles Crows Deer Dogs Dolphins Doves Ducks Eagles Eels Elephants Elks Ferrets Finches Fish Flies Flamingoes Foxes Frogs Geese Giraffes Gnats Goats Goldfish Gorillas Dairy, drove, pack, team Cast Flock, herd, sedge, siege, sege Bask, nest Murder, parcel, hover Herd, leash, bevy, game, quarry, bunch, mob Gang, legion, kennel, pack, stud Team, school Duet, dule, dole, flight, troop, pitying (of turtle doves) Bunch, brood, knob, raft, skein, string, mob, paddling, plump, sord, sore, team, waddling Aerie, brood, convocation, cargo Swarm, bed, bind, draft, fry, wisp Herd, flock, parade Gang, herd Business Chirm, charm School, shoal, haul, draught, run, catch, cran, flote, flutter, cast, throw, warp Business, hatch, grist, swarm, community, fare, rabble, cloud Stand Cloud, skulk, brace, leash, troop, earth Army, colony, froggery Gaggle, clutch, flock, line, skein, nide, wedge Herd, corps, troop, tower Swarm, cloud, horde, plague, rabble Flock, trip, herd, tribe Troubling Band Grasshoppers Cloud Hares Hawks Hedgehogs Hens Hippopotami Hornets Horses Insects Down, flick, huske, kindle, tripp, drove, warren, dun Aerie, brood, cast, leash, mews, staff Nest, array Battery, brood, parcel, roost, mews, concatenation Bloat, school, pod, herd Nest, bike, swarm Haras, stud, herd, string, field, set, team, stable, mews, mob, parcel, rag, slate Horde, nest, swarm, rabble, plague Jackrabbits Jellyfish Kangaroos Larks Leopards Lice Lions Locusts Magpies Mallard Mice Midges Minnows Moles Monkeys Moose Mosquitoes Mules Nightingales Otters Owls Oxen Oysters Parrots Peacocks Pekingese Penguins Pigeons Pigs Porpoises Quail Rabbits Racoons Ravens Reindeer Rhinoceros Husk Smuck, fluther, smack, stuck, smuth, brood Troop, mob, herd Bevy, exaltation, flight, wisp Leap Flock Pride, troop, flock, sawt, souse Swarm, cloud, plague Tiding, tittering Flush, lute, puddling, sord, sute Nest, colony, harvest Bite Shoal, steam, or swarm Company, labour, citadel (of mole burrows) Troop, cartload, tribe Herd Scourge Barren, span, mulada, rake Watch, flock, route Bevy, lodge, family Parliament, stare Team, yoke, drove, or herd Bed, cast, clam, hive, set Company, flock, pandemonium Pride, muster, ostentation Pomp Parcel, rookery Flight, flock, loft Drove, fare, litter, flock, hoggery, sounder, nest of trotter |
Who was the secretary-General of the Commonwealth from 1975 - 97? | AIM25 text-only browsing: Commonwealth Secretariat: RAMPHAL, Sir Shridath (b1928) Commonwealth Secretariat Reference code(s): GB 3172 RAMPHAL Held at: Commonwealth Secretariat Title: RAMPHAL, Sir Shridath (b1928) Date(s): 1975-1977, [1990] Name of creator(s): Ramphal | Sir l Shridath | b 1928 | Knight | second Commonwealth Secretary-General CONTEXT Administrative/Biographical history: Sir Shridrath Ramphal, born 1928; Career: Crown Counsel, British Guiana 1953-54; Asst to Attorney-Gen. 1954-56; Legal Draftsman 1956-58; Solicitor-Gen. 1959-61; Legal Draftsman, West Indies 1958-59; Asst Attorney-Gen., West Indies 1961-62; Attorney- Gen., Guyana 1965-73; member Nat. Assembly 1965-75; Minister of State for External Affairs 1967-72, Minister of Foreign Affairs 1972-75, of Justice 1973-75; Commonwealth Sec.-Gen. 1975-90; Chancellor Univ. of Guyana 1988-92, Univ. of Warwick 1989-2001, Univ. of West Indies 1989-; Queen's Counsel 1965 and Sr Counsel, Guyana 1966; member Int. Commission of Jurists, Ind. Commission on Int. Devt Issues, Ind. Commission on Disarmament and Security Issues, Ind. Commission on Int. Humanitarian Issues, World Commission on Environment and Devt, South Commission, Carnegie Commission on Deadly Conflict, Bd of Governor Int. Devt Research Center, Canada, Exec. Cttee of Int. Inst. for Environment and Devt, Council of Int. Negotiation Network Carter Center, Georgia, USA 1991-97; Patron One World Broadcasting Trust; Chair. UN Cttee for Devt Planning 1984-87, West Indian Commission 1990-92, Bd Int. Inst. for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA) 1995-2001, Advisory Cttee Future Generations Alliance Foundation 1995-97; Pres. World Conservation Union-IUCN 1990-93; Int. Steering Cttee Leadership for Environment and Devt Program Rockefeller Foundation 1991-98; Co-Chair. Commission on Global Governance 1992-2000; Adviser to Sec. -Gen. of United Nations Council for Education and Development 1992; Chief Negotiator on Int. Econ. Issues for the Caribbean Region 1997-2001; Facilitator Belize-Guatemala Dispute 2000-02; John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship 1962; Hon. Bencher of Gray's Inn 1981; Fellow, King's Coll., London 1975, LSE 1979, RSA 1981, Magdalen Coll., Oxford 1982. Honours and awards: Order of the Republic (Egypt) 1973; Grand Cross, Order of the Sun (Peru) 1974; Grand Cross, Order of Merit (Ecuador) 1974, Order of Nishaan Izzuddeen (Maldives) 1989, Grand Commdr, Order of Niger 1990, Grand Commdr, Order of the Companion of Freedom (Zambia) 1990, Nishan-e-Quaid-i-Azam (Pakistan) 1990, Order of the Caribbean Community 1991, Commdr Order of the Golden Ark 1994; Hon. LLD (Panjab Univ.) 1975, (Southampton) 1976, (Univ. of The West Indies) 1978, (St Francis Xavier Univ., Halifax, Canada) 1978, (Aberdeen) 1979, (Cape Coast, Ghana) 1980, (London) 1981, (Benin, Nigeria) 1982, (Hull) 1983, (Yale) 1985, (Cambridge) 1985, (Warwick) 1988, (York Univ. , Ont., Canada) 1988, (Malta) 1989, (Otago, New Zealand) 1990; Hon. DHL (Simmons Coll., Boston) 1982; Hon. DCL (Oxon.) 1982, (East Anglia) 1983, (Durham) 1985; Dr hc (Surrey) 1979, (Essex) 1980; Hon. DHumLitt (Duke Univ., USA) 1985; Hon. DLitt (Bradford) 1985, (Indira Gandhi Nat. Open Univ.) 1989; Hon. DSc (Cranfield Inst. of Tech.) 1987; Arden and Atkin Prize, Gray's Inn 1952, Int. Educ. Award (Richmond Coll., London) 1988, RSA Albert Medal 1988, Medal of Friendship, Cuba 2001, Pravasi Bharata Samman Award 2003. Publications: One World to Share: Selected Speeches of the Commonwealth Secretary-General 1975-79, Nkrumah and the Eighties (1980 Kwame Nkrumah Memorial Lectures), Sovereignty and Solidarity (1981 Callander Memorial Lectures), Some in Light and Some in Darkness: The Long Shadow of Slavery (Wilberforce Lecture) 1983, The Message not the Messenger (STC Communication Lecture) 1985, The Trampling of the Grass (Econ. Commission for Africa Silver Jubilee Lecture) 1985, For the South, a Time to Think 1986, Making Human Society a Civilized State (Corbishley Memorial Lecture) 1987, Inseparable Humanity: An Anthology of Reflections of Shridath Ramphal 1988, An End to Otherness (si |
A 'Tiding' or 'Tittering'is the collective noun for which type of birds? | Group Names for Birds Group Names for Birds: A Partial List By Terry Ross A bevy of quail A bouquet of pheasants [when flushed] A brood of hens A building of rooks A cast of hawks [or falcons] A charm of finches A colony of penguins A company of parrots A congregation of plovers A cover of coots A covey of partridges [or grouse or ptarmigans] A deceit of lapwings A descent of woodpeckers A dissimulation of birds A dole of doves An exaltation of larks A fall of woodcocks A flight of swallows [or doves, goshawks, or cormorants] A gaggle of geese [wild or domesticated] A host of sparrows A kettle of hawks [riding a thermal] A murmuration of starlings A murder of crows A muster of storks A nye of pheasants [on the ground] An ostentation of peacocks A paddling of ducks [on the water] A parliament of owls A party of jays A peep of chickens A pitying of turtledoves A raft of ducks A rafter of turkeys A siege of herons A skein of geese [in flight] A sord of mallards A spring of teal A tidings of magpies A trip of dotterel An unkindness of ravens A watch of nightingales A wedge of swans [or geese, flying in a "V"] A wisp of snipe Any of these group names may properly be used by birders who wish to display their erudition, although it is probably linguistically inaccurate (and it certainly is bad manners) to upbraid someone who refers to "a bunch of ravens" by saying, "Surely you mean `an unkindness of ravens,' my good fellow." Most of these terms date back at least 500 years. Some of them have been in continuous use since then; others have gone out of fashion and been resurrected in the last century or two; still others only exist on lists. Most of these terms are listed in James Lipton's An Exaltation of Larks. Lipton's list is substantially based on very old sources. There were manuscript lists of group names in the 15th century, and these lists appeared in some of the first books printed in England. Many of them make their first appearance in John Lydgate's Debate between the Horse, Goose, and Sheep (1440); and Lydgate's terms along with others appear in The Book of Hawking and Hunting (also known as The Book of St. Albans) by Dame Juliana Barnes (1486). Whether Lydgate and Barnes coined any of these terms, or whether they were setting down the terms that were considered proper in their day is not known. Many of the terms did catch on, and the lists they appeared on were frequently reprinted. The best source I know for investigating the histories of English words is the Oxford English Dictionary. Unfortunately, on the question whether these terms ever were or still are appropriate, the OED is not entirely helpful. To make sense of the matter, I have placed the group names into groups-- GROUP A--The following group names are standard: A bevy of quail A bouquet of pheasants A brood of hens A cast of hawks A charm of finches A covey of partridges A flight of swallows A gaggle of geese A nye of pheasants A siege of herons A skein of geese A trip of dotterel A wisp of snipe GROUP B--These terms are not group names for a particular type of bird, but have been commonly used for many different types: Colony Company Flock Parliament Party GROUP C--These terms are archaic; they were once obsolete, but they have been revived somewhat in the 19th or 20th centuries: A building of rooks A murmuration of starlings A muster of peacocks A peep of chickens A sord of mallards A spring of teal A watch of nightingales GROUP D--These terms are obsolete; they appeared on the old lists, but almost nobody has used them in centuries: A congregation of plovers A dissimulation of birds A dole of doves A fall of woodcock A host of sparrows A paddling of ducks An unkindness of ravens GROUP E--These terms are not in the OED at all as group names for birds: A cover of coots A kettle of hawks A murder of crows An ostentation of peacocks A pitying of turtledoves A rafter of turkeys A tidings of magpies My categories are imprecise, but they provide some guidance about usage. Have no qualms about usin |
What colour are the feetand legs of a Greylag Goose? | Gaia Guide: Description of Greylag Goose (species: Anser anser) Show field guides Distinguishing features The Greylag is the largest and bulkiest of the grey geese of the genus Anser. It has a rotund, bulky body, a thick and long neck, and a large head and bill. It has pink legs and feet, and an orange or pink bill. The plumage is greyish-brown, with a darker head and paler belly with variable black spots. Its plumage is patterned by the pale fringes of its feathers. It has a white line bordering its upper flanks. Its coverts are lightly coloured, contrasting with its darker flight feathers. Juveniles differ mostly in their lack of a black-speckled belly. ��(Wikipedia) Size From 74 cm to 91 cm (Length of specimen) Weight From 2.16 kg to 4.56 kg Wingspan From 147 cm to 180 cm (Length of specimen) Synonyms View the distribution based on Global Biodiversity Information Facility data Distribution and habitat preferences This species is found throughout the Old World, apparently breeding where suitable localities are to be found in many European countries, although it no longer breeds in southwestern Europe. Eastwards, it extends across Asia to China. In North America, there are both feral domestic geese, which are similar to greylags, and occasional vagrants. In Great Britain, their numbers had declined as a breeding bird, retreating north to breed wild only in the Outer Hebrides and the northern mainland of Scotland. However, during the 20th century, feral populations have been established elsewhere, and they have now re-colonised much of England. The breeding habitat is a variety of wetlands including marshes, lakes, and damp heather moors. (Wikipedia) |
Which terrorist organisation was responsible for the hijacking of the cruise ship 'Achille Lauro'? | Chapter 6 -- Terrorist Organizations Chapter 6 -- Terrorist Organizations Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism April 30, 2008 Report Terrorist Organizations Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO) aliases cited are consistent with and drawn from the Specially Designated Nationals list maintained by the Department of Treasury. The full list can be found at the following website: http://www.treasury.gov/offices/enforcement/ofac/sdn/sdnlist.txt . On October 15, 1999, pursuant to UNSCR 1267, the “al-Qa’ida and Taliban Sanctions Committee” was established. The 1267 sanctions regime has been modified and strengthened by subsequent resolutions so that the sanctions now cover individuals and entities associated with al-Qa’ida, Usama bin Ladin, and the Taliban. The targeted individuals and entities are placed on the Consolidated List. The full list can be found at the following website: http://www.un.org/sc/committees/1267/consolist.shtml . U.S. Government Designated Foreign Terrorist Organizations Abu Nidal Organization (ANO) Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA) Communist Party of Philippines/New People's Army (CPP/NPA) Continuity Irish Republican Army (CIRA) Gama'a al-Islamiyya (IG) Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) Jaish-e-Mohammed (JEM) Kongra-Gel (formerly Kurdistan Worker’s Party (PKK)) Lashkar e-Tayyiba Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) Libyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG) Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group (GICM) Mujahadin-e Khalq Organization (MEK) Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command (PFLP-GC) Al-Qa’ida Al-Qa’ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) [Formerly Salafist Group for Call and Combat (GSPC)] Real IRA (RIRA) Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) Revolutionary Nuclei (RN) Revolutionary Organization 17 November (17N) Revolutionary People's Liberation Party/Front (DHKP/C) Shining Path (SL) United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC) Abu Nidal Organization (ANO) a.k.a. Arab Revolutionary Brigades; Arab Revolutionary Council; Black September; Fatah Revolutionary Council; Revolutionary Organization of Socialist Muslims Description: The Abu Nidal Organization (ANO), an international terrorist organization, was founded by Sabri al-Banna (a.k.a. Abu Nidal) after splitting from the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in 1974. The group's previous known structure consisted of various functional committees, including political, military, and financial. In August 2002, Abu Nidal died in Baghdad, probably at the hands of Iraqi security officials; the new leadership of the organization remains unclear. Activities: The ANO has carried out terrorist attacks in 20 countries, killing or injuring almost 900 persons. The group has not staged a major attack against Western targets since the late 1980s. Major attacks included the Rome and Vienna airports in 1985, the Neve Shalom synagogue in Istanbul, the hijacking of Pan Am Flight 73 in Karachi in 1986, and the City of Poros day-excursion ship attack in Greece in 1988. The ANO is suspected of assassinating PLO deputy chief Abu Iyad and PLO security Chief Abu Hul in Tunis in 1991. The ANO conducted no attacks in 2007. Strength: Current strength is unknown. Location/Area of Operation: The group is largely considered inactive, although former and possibly current ANO associates might be in Iraq and Lebanon. External Aid: The ANO's current access to resources is unclear, but it is likely that the decline in state support has had a severe impact on its capabilities. Abu Sayyaf Group a.k.a. Al Harakat al Islamiyya Description: The Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) is an Islamic terrorist group operating in the southern Philippines. Some ASG leaders allegedly fought in Afghanistan during the Soviet invasion and are students and proponents of radical Islamic teachings. The group split from the much larger Moro National Liberation Front in the early 1990s under the leadership of Abdurajak Abubakar Janjalani, who was killed in a clash with Philippine police in December 1998. His younger brother, Khadaffy Ja |
Which artist painted 'Dancer At The Barre'? | Dancers Practicing at the Barre | Edgar Degas | 29.100.34 | Work of Art | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art The Metropolitan Museum of Art Dancers Practicing at the Barre Artist: Edgar Degas (French, Paris 1834–1917 Paris) Date: 1877 Medium: Mixed media on canvas Dimensions: 29 3/4 x 32 in. (75.6 x 81.3 cm) Classification: Paintings Credit Line: H. O. Havemeyer Collection, Bequest of Mrs. H. O. Havemeyer, 1929 Accession Number: 29.100.34 Description The watering can, visible at left, was a standard fixture in ballet rehearsal rooms; water was sprinkled on the floor to keep dust from rising when ballerinas danced. Degas also used the watering can as a visual pun: its shape is mimicked by that of the dancer at right. Shown at the 1877 Impressionist exhibition, the painting was given by Degas to the collector Henri Rouart as a replacement for an earlier work (now lost), which the artist altered and accidentally destroyed. Louisine Havemeyer purchased it from Rouart's estate sale in 1912, for $95,700, a record price for a work by a living artist. |
Who was known as 'Longshanks'? | BBC - Scotland's History - Edward I, King of England. Scotland's History Articles Edward I, King of England. Born 1239, died 1307. Reign 1272 – 1307 Edward I, King of England. Born 1239, died 1307. Reign 1272 – 1307 One of the most effective English kings, Edward was also one of Scotland's greatest adversaries. Through his campaigns against Scotland he would come to be known after his death as 'Scottorum malleus' – the Hammer of the Scots. Intelligent and impatient, Edward proved to be a highly effective king. The reign of his father, Henry III, was marked by internal instability and military failure. Upon succeeding to the throne on 1272 Edward did much to rectify these issues. He managed to control and placate the unruly English barons and unite them behind him. A learned scholar, Edward also took great personal interest in matters of administration and government and introduced reforms and ideas learnt whilst staying abroad in the family-held territory of Gascony. He also made great use of his Parliament – a strategy that helped maintain stability in the country and, more importantly for Edward, brought in regular sums of money to enable Edward to pursue his ambitions. Edward also devised far uglier means of raising money. In 1275 Edward issues the Statute of Jewry that persecuted the Jewish population of England and imposed severe taxation on them. Proving both lucrative and popular, Edward extended this policy further. In 1290 the Jews were expelled from England – minus their money and property. The money raised from this dark practise was used to fund his his ambition to be overlord of the Scotland and Wales. As a younger man Edward forged an impressive reputation as a man of action. Domestically and abroad Edward proved himself as a soldier and a leader of men. In 1266 Edward received international accolade for his role in the 8th and 9th Crusades to the Holy Land where he helped secure the survival of the beleagured coastal city of Acre. It was while returning from the Crusade that Edward learned that his father, Henry III, had died and that he was now the King of England. Ambitious and impulsive, Edward wasted no time in enforcing his will on his neighbours. As an ominous precursor for his plans for Scotland, Edward attacked Wales. Edward attacks Wales During the 1250s Edward's father, Henry III, had mounted military campaigns in an attempt to control and dominate Wales. After a series of disastrous defeats Henry was forced to negotiate a peace that saw the Welsh prince Llywelyn ap Gruffydd extend his territories into England. Henry also had to recognise the royal status of Llewelyn as Prince of Wales. Llywelyn in turn was to acknowledge Henry as his overlord. Edward had experienced these failed campaigns first hand as part of his father's retinue and was determined not to repeat the same mistakes. Using the pretence of Llywelyn's refusal to pay homage to him in 1274 Edward raised a sizeable army and invaded Wales. Llywelyn was defeated and stripped of his territories. In another uncanny foreshadowing of events to come in Scotland Edward's complete conquest of his neighbour was to be thrown into doubt by a courageous campaign for liberation. In 1282 Llywelyn's brother Dafydd sparked a rebellion to rid Wales of English dominance. With Edward caught off-guard the rising had initial success. The death of Llywelyn in battle turned the tide for Edward however. Soon after Dafydd was captured and executed. Without strong leadership the Welsh rising failed. To consolidate his stranglehold, Edward built a series of impressive castles across Wales (such as Caernarfon Castle) and in 1284 Edward issued the Statute of Rhuddlan that effectively annexed Wales and made it a province of England. The title Prince of Wales was handed to Edward's eldest son, Prince Edward (later Edward II) – a practise that continues to this day. Edward plots against Scotland In 1287 Alexander III, King of Scots, died suddenly after falling from his horse at Kinghorn. The succession crisis that followed presented Edward with a golden opportunity to |
In which country is the 444 mile long, 'Susquahanna River'? | 444 Club | Susquehanna Greenway February 2014 Story by Rick Hiduk, courtesy of EMHR. Few activities beat the serenity that a paddle on the Susquehanna River can provide. In just three months, the ice will have cleared from the 444-mile waterway that is part of the National Park System, and paddlers and fishers will once again set in for much-anticipated recreation. For paddlers who have traversed all or most of the North Branch and main stem of the river, a newly created 444 Club pin is great way to acknowledge a journey that is often years in the making. Avid paddlers of the Susquehanna River have long marked their progress at traversing the 444 miles of the North Branch that flows through Pennsylvania and covers smaller portions of New York and Maryland. Many have highlighted completed sections of the river on maps, kept notes on journals, or recorded their journeys with photos and video clips. The new 444 Club was initiated by the Endless Mountains Heritage Region (EMHR) Water Trails Committee to acknowledge those individual's efforts as they seek the elusive benchmark. Endless Mountain Outfitters (EMO) owner and EMHR board member David Buck credits lifetime recreationists like Cindy Dunn, Rick Shumaker, Scott Arnold, and inaugural 444 member Bill Gibson for suggesting the formation of the club, as well as Judy Lorincz of Mehoopany, who completed her 444 Club personal goal of paddling the entire river a few years ago. A number of people notched some of the 444 miles last year after paddling with EMO from Great Bend, PA through Binghamton, NY to the French Azilum Historic Site in Bradford County. Dunn is one of those who thinks that the formation of the 444 Club will provide an incentive to get new paddlers on the river and bring long-time recreationists back to the waterway. "This is a great idea that makes me want to paddle the whole 444 again," she remarked, noting that her first week-long sojourn on the Susquehanna began on the North Branch. "That is where I got totally hooked on the Susquehanna," Dunn related. For Dunn and many other like her, paddling the Susquehanna River is a spiritual experience. "Look up at the Wyalusing cliffs from my canoe, I half expected to see an American Indian," she stated, The portal to pre-European settlement makes her wonder "How many Indians gazed at the river from this vantage?" and "What did the landscape look like then?" Dunn's favorite stretch of the river is the Vosburg Neck in Wyoming County, with sharp cliffs on one side and verdant forest on the other. "I never fail to hear lots of bird song when I paddle through here," she related, adding that she has seen several Eagles in the Vosburg area. The winding river is almost addictive, Dunn explains. During her sojourn through the Endless Mountains, "the views were so enticing as I paddled down each reach." She had to know what was around the next bend. It is hoped that members who receive the pins will be able to provide guidance to recreationists following in their wake as each plans to tackle new stretches of the river, which meanders along the borderline of New York and Pennsylvania before running from the Endless Mountains through Pennsylvania to the Chesapeake Bay near Havre de Grace, MD. Susquehanna Greenway |
Which racecourse opened in Essex in April 2008? | BBC - Essex - History - Galloping Galleywood You are in: Essex > History > Local History > Galloping Galleywood Steeplechase at Galleywood racecourse Galloping Galleywood Ted Hawkins As the new racecourse opens at Great Leighs we look back on the history of horse racing in Galleywood. The historic Galleywood Racecourse on Galleywood Common in the Borough of Chelmsford, Essex was the scene of the Chelmsford Races for at least 176 years from 1759 to 1935. It was one of the oldest racecourses in the country and probably dates back to the days of King Charles II (1660-1680). Racing at Galleywood was no easy task. The hilly nature of the track was quite unequalled in England and the rise to the winning post was like a mountainside to the rider. The races were first published in The Chelmsford Chronicle in August 1764 soon after the newspaper was launched. Galleywood racecourse from the air It was a three day event. Each day there were races for a plate of £50 each and these were for the best of three two-mile or four-mile heats. The horses for each days plate had to be entered for the race on the previous Saturday at the Black Boy Inn in Chelmsford. In 1770 the Chelmsford races received the stamp of Royal Approval when King George III announced that he was graciously pleased to give the sum of 100 guineas as prize money to be called the 'Queen’s Plate.' The breeding of English thoroughbred horses famous for their speed and endurance was responsible from 1776 onwards for the immense change to 'dash' races i.e. having one race over the course instead of the best of three heats. The Galleywood race meetings in the summer with public breakfasts, assemblies, concerts and balls were the great social occasions of the year. At the Black Boy Inn there would also be 'Ordinaries' i.e. set-priced meals at a fixed hour each day. Special Balls were arranged each night for 'respectable farmers and tradesmen.' Race meetings at Galleywood had all the additional attractions of prize-fighting, dog-fights, rat-hunts and cock-fighting. There would also be dancing booths, sparring booths, booths where 'terrible melodramas' were performed, gambling booths and beer and food booths. The Galleywood sign features horses The popular games of chance, roulette and the three-card trick were played on the Common. In 1767 there were 43 cock-fights on Galleywood Common. Cock-fighting was declared illegal in 1849. The Grandstand was maliciously set on fire in 1779 and destroyed but it was soon rebuilt. Before Grandstands were built the nobility would arrive at the side of the course in a succession of horse-drawn carriages which acted a Grandstand and a refreshment bar. During the Napoleonic Wars in 1803 a large star-shaped Fort with artillery batteries, redoubts and earthwork fortifications were built on the racecourse astride the Margaretting Road in response to an invasion threat by French forces on the Essex coast. These defence works were decommissioned around 1815. The Essex Chronicle reported in 1821 'that the state of our racecourse was inferior to none' and boasted the presence of the most distinguished nobility. The 1860’s were the heyday of horse racing on the Common. A new grandstand was built near The Admiral Rous Inn which is now a private residence. Admiral Rous was the Senior Steward of the Jockey Club and so-called 'Dictator of the Turf' who frequently officiated at the Chelmsford Races. Thousands of racegoers flocked to the Galleywood race meetings. The population was then only about 800. In 1876 it was reported that the attendance at the races was not so numerous as of yore and they were being run at a loss. In 1887 the Royal Plate was discontinued. A decisive turnaround of the fortunes of the Galleywood Race Stand Company happened in 1892 when it was decided to hold Steeplechase and Hunt meetings under the Grand National Rules. So flat racing gave way to steeplechasing. It was a right handed course, two miles round starting at the Grandstand, with nine hurdles and a water jump. In 1893 the racecourse uniquely encircled (1) Gall |
In France, what are 'Huitres'? | → Welcome | LE BAR A HUITRES PARIS - OFFICIAL WEB SITE - - SEAFOOD AND FISH RESTAURANT PARIS 7 days a week, non-stop service across our 4 Parisian locations + 400 REFERENCES OF WINES FROM AROUND THE WORLD, carefully selected by our sommeliers Le Bar à Huîtres : Parisian seafood and fish restaurant Le Bar à Huîtres : Haute-Mer Restaurant Le Bar à Huîtres : Haute-Mer Restaurant In the world of « Haute-Couture », aspects of refinement and bespoke quality are also key elements of le Bar à Huîtres. Your seafood platter can be as unique as you desire, all of our products are available in individual quantities, ready to be stitched into a unique masterpiece. A truly bespoke culinary experience masterfully orchestrated by le Bar à Huîtres, restaurant de Haute-Mer. What’s on the menu will flirt with your taste buds: the largest selection of Grand Cru oysters in the capital, delicious lobsters, spiny lobsters, shellfish, crustaceans and wild fish, all prepared to perfection. A real pleasure. Our Haute-Mer restaurants present the entire menu selection on iPad through a simple application that also gives details pertaining to the transparency and traceability of all of our products. Our Restaurants |
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