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Of whom did Margaret Asquith say if he was not a great man at least he was a great poster	Lord Kitchener Lord Kitchener Primary Sources Horatio Kitchener, the third child and second son of Lieutenant-Colonel Henry Horatio Kitchener (1805–1894), was born near Ballylongford, County Kerry, Ireland , on 24th June 1850. According to Keith Neilson : "His father was an unpopular, tenant-evicting, improving landowner, a domestic martinet, and an eccentric who used newspapers instead of blankets in bed." Kitchener's mother suffered from tuberculosis and the family moved to Switzerland in 1864. Kitchener attended an English boarding-school at Renaz. Teased about his strange Irish accent, he devoted himself to his books, and became fluent in French and German. In 1867 he moved to Cambridge to complete his secondary education. He wanted to study at the Royal Military Academy . He took the examination in January 1868, passing twenty-eighth out of fifty-six. Kitchener was not a very talented student but on 4th January, 1871, he was commissioned into the Royal Engineers . He spent the next two years at the School of Military Engineering in Chatham. Kitchener came to the attention of Brigadier-General George Richards Graves of the War Office staff and was appointed as his aide-de-camp in 1873. The following year he was seconded to the Palestine Exploration Fund (PEF). Kitchener was a talented linguist and learnt Arabic during this period. He was also respected as a skilled negotiator with local people. In 1878 he was seconded to the Foreign Office and given the task of mapping Cyprus . In June 1879 he was appointed military vice-consul, to Kastamonu Province in Turkey . In March 1880 he returned to Cyprus at the request of the new high commissioner, Robert Biddulph , and for the next two years continued his survey. Egypt Kitchener secured a posting to Egypt early in 1883, at the same time as being promoted captain. In March 1884 General Charles George Gordon was under siege in Khartoum . The British public called for action but it was not until November that the Khartoum Relief Expedition under the leadership of Field Marshal Garnet Wolseley began. Kitchener was an intelligence officer on the mission and he continually pressed Wolseley to push forward more rapidly. By the time they reached the city Gordon was dead. Keith Neilson has pointed out: "Despite the expedition's failure to save Gordon, Kitchener emerged with credit and some fame. Promoted brevet lieutenant-colonel in June 1885, he resigned his Egyptian commission and returned to England, where his fame had been spread by the press and his father. The press had a crucial role in creating the Kitchener legend. Kitchener used his new status as a social lion to make many connections which later proved useful." Governor-General In 1886 Kitchener was appointed as governor-general of the eastern Sudan . Most of his time was spent dealing with Osman Digna , a major slave trader and a follower of of the Muhammad Ahmad . During a skirmish in January 1888 Kitchener was shot in the jaw. He returned to England on leave, where Lord Salisbury , the prime minister, arranged for him to be adjutant-general of the Egyptian Army, a post he took up in September 1888. He was given the additional position of inspector-general of police in the autumn of 1889. Kitchener was made commander-in-chief of the Egyptian Army on 13th April 1892. Keith Neilson has argued: "This offended many who believed he owed his appointment more to his assiduous cultivation of the powerful than to his abilities. Such a view was reinforced by his tour of country houses when on leave in England, and by the prominent persons, including the prince of Wales, who stayed with him in Egypt. Kitchener however immediately set about reforming the Egyptian army, gathering around him a cadre of eager young officers... The fact that Kitchener surrounded himself with similar groups throughout his career, and never married, led to speculations that he was a homosexual." In 1897 Major General Kitchener decided to attempt the reconquest of the Sudan . Kitchener applied to London for a group of special service officers to particip
Garnet comes in many colours but what is the commonest	The Colors and Varieties of Garnet The Colors and Varieties of Garnet The Colors and Varieties of Garnet Published: May 2010 by Cara Williams, F.G.A Garnets are not just a family. They are more like a clan. They have much in common – the same crystal form (cubic) and the same chemical outline. I say outline, because in many ways, chemistry varies between the different types of garnets. So while we call them a family, their DNA varies enough to call them a clan. Gemologists recognize six garnet families within the garnet clan. Five are well known: pyrope, almandine, spessartite, grossular, and andradite. The sixth, uvarovite, is hardly ever seen or heard from. (If you didn’t catch the name of your favorite, hold on – we will get to it in part 2 of this report.) Besides these six gem garnets, mineralogists know about more than 30 others, some just theoretical. Yes, there is a lot we didn’t know about that January birthstone. Read more about garnet in our Gemopedia™ Garnets adhere to a three-part formula. There is a silicate component, as well as two other elements. The ratio of these components does not vary. (For more detail, please look at the chart below.) The six garnet families tend to hang out in two groups – an aluminum group and a calcium group. They occasionally mix – or intermarry – but not much. Aluminum, calcium, and silicate do not cause color; the other elements do – those wild “genes.” The aluminum garnets are called pyralspites, a word formed from the individual names pyrope, almandine, and spessartite. The calcium garnets are ugrandites - uvarovite, grossular, and andradite. Now imagine the garnets as a very old, established clan. While individuals might have a certain last name, they are not just a Jones or a Smith. They are a combination of whatever their ancestors were. So we never have a pure pyrope or a pure almandine. Pyralspites Pure pyrope would be colorless, but we all know there are no colorless garnets. Pyropes are always red, getting their color from some almandine ancestry and sometimes from a bit of uvarovite. (Bits of uvarovite “genes,” or molecules, pop up in many garnets’ DNA.) Almandine is the classic red garnet and possibly the most common type. It has iron in its formula, which creates color - in this case, a strong red. This is why it does not take much almandine in a garnet to make it red. Spessartite is the third pyralspite, and it has manganese in its formula. This manganese creates a yellowish-orange color. Because many of spessartite’s ancestors married almandines, many are a reddish orange due to some iron. The lighter orange spessartites, similar in color to orange soft drinks, are almost pure spessartites. Ugrandites The other group of gem garnets, the ugrandites, is not as well known or as plentiful as the pyralspites. Uvarovite, a rich, emerald green, has chromium in its formula, which stunts crystal growth. This garnet is rarely seen as anything other than a drusy (lots of tiny crystals all close together); however, it leaves its mark on other garnets more than you might think. Grossular garnet has aluminum and calcium in its formula, neither of which creates color. However, grossulars can range widely in their shades and are often close to pure. They get their color from traces of other garnets mixed in. Andradite is the last garnet and is different from the others in several ways. It has iron, but in a different state and position within the structure than almandine. Therefore, it does not create red. Instead, andradites can be golden or brown or even other colors if mixed. Garnet Varieties: Part 2 I suspect many of the garnet names we covered in Part 1 may be new to some. That is because the various garnets are usually called by trade names that were created as different finds were discovered. Because no garnet is pure and many are composed of combinations of three or more garnets, it is too confusing to stick to the gemological names. So, we have always named these varieties on their appearance, gemological properties, and origin - regardless of what the act
In which country is the Bay of Pigs	Bay of Pigs Invasion - Cold War - HISTORY.com Bay of Pigs Invasion A+E Networks Introduction On January 1, 1959, a young Cuban nationalist named Fidel Castro (1926-) drove his guerilla army into Havana and overthrew General Fulgencio Batista (1901-1973), the nation’s American-backed president. For the next two years, officials at the U.S. State Department and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) attempted to push Castro from power. Finally, in April 1961, the CIA launched what its leaders believed would be the definitive strike: a full-scale invasion of Cuba by 1,400 American-trained Cubans who had fled their homes when Castro took over. However, the invasion did not go well: The invaders were badly outnumbered by Castro’s troops, and they surrendered after less than 24 hours of fighting.
Who took over the England cricket captaincy from Alex Stewart in 1999	Yahoo Cricket Yahoo Cricket England, British Universities Students Association, England A, Essex, MCC, Young England, England Under-19 Roles played: March 28, 1968, Madras (now Chennai) Profile Nasser Hussain is regarded as one of the most successful captains to have ever led England in Test cricket. The leggie-turned-batsman was born in Madras (now Chennai). “Nashwan”, as he is nicknamed, began his cricketing career at Essex in 1987, and a couple of years later received his first call-up to the national side in an ODI against Pakistan. The following year, he made his Test debut in a historic match which was England’s first victory against the West Indies in 16 years, although it was not until 1993 that he cemented his place in the Test arena. Once he took over the captaincy from Alec Stewart in 1999, the English team was in turmoil. He lost his first series as captain against New Zealand. But after that he started a revival as he became the first England captain since Mike Brearley to win four Test series on the trot. His captaincy style reflected his personality, always full of energy and ideas and never static. Even after receiving a drubbing in the Ashes in 2001 and the following one, not for once was Hussain under the scanner; such was the value of his captaincy. Whilst batting, Hussain had quite a lot of technical glitches in his style, that included a dominant bottom hand and unorthodox leg and head positions, which led him to lean back in the drive. After years of improving on his stance as well as other technical faults, he finally became a quality Test batsman. He then hung up his boots from all forms of cricket in May 2004. Since his retirement, Hussain has taken up commentary on international cricket matches. Fast Facts Nasser Hussain became the youngest player to represent Essex Schools Under-11, aged eight. He led England to a historic series win against West Indies, the first on home soil since 1969. England secured a 1-0 series win over Pakistan in Karachi, where Hussain became the first foreign captain to triumph at the National Stadium. He scored 370 runs at 61.66 at one point going over 1,000 minutes without being dismissed against South Africa. In 2002 Hussain was awarded an OBE in the New Year's Honours List. He also made a special appearance in a Bollywood movie, called “Patiala House”. Against
In which sport could a half nelson be used	How to Do a Half-nelson \| iSport.com How to Do a Half-nelson How to Do a Half-nelson The half-nelson, or simply “the half,” is one of the most well-known wrestling techniques in the world. Why? Because it works! The half is used to turn and pin an opponent on his back from the top position. Typically, the half-nelson is the first move that beginning wrestlers learn from the top position, but many wrestlers have been known to win national and international championships using this basic technique. Read each step carefully to learn the fundamentals of this invaluable maneuver. 1. Cover & Pressure To start the half, you need to be covering your opponent in such a way that your body is on top of and aligned with his. Make sure your chest is making contact with his back. Staying on your toes will add some extra pressure to your opponent’s body and it’ll make it more difficult for your opponent to escape. Straddle the leg that is on the same side of your opponent’s body as the arm you want to do the half-nelson on. Faces of Wrestling ... Date of Birth: September 28, 1958 College: Syracuse University (Alumni) Affiliation: Phoenix High School (New York, USA) Style: Freestyle/Folkstyle Getting to know Gene: Saying Gene was a standout at every level of wrestling would be an understatement. Gene didn’t just dominate his competition — he demolished it. In 1,356 career wins, Gene pinned 886 of his opponents, including national, world, and Olympic champions! He did this by using variations of one move that he learned as a kid: The half-nelson. 2. Stuff the Head In order to turn your opponent on his back, you will need to keep his head down. You will use your hand, or forearm, of the arm that is closest to your opponent’s head to do this. For example, if you are straddling your opponent’s left leg, you will push your opponent’s head down with your right arm. Put pressure on the back of his head and, if you can, try to keep his head in contact with the mat. The pressure that you apply to the back of your opponent’s head must be constant. You can apply as much pressure as you need to keep his head down, but you cannot strike or grind the back of your opponent’s head with your hand or forearm. 3. Scoop Bring your other arm underneath the armpit of your opponent’s arm that you’re putting the half on (if you’re putting the half on your opponent’s left arm, use your left arm). Depending on the length of your arms, though, you might be focusing on your opponent’s elbow rather than his armpit. While still applying pressure to the back of his head, snake your arm (that is now in his armpit) up and over the top of your opponent’s head. This is the “scoop.” Try to get your arm as far under the armpit and over the top of his head as possible. This will make your half “deep,” or tighter. The tighter you get the move at this stage, the higher your chances are of turning and pinning your opponent. One way to get your arm deeper is to grip the far side of your opponent’s neck at the base of the head. 4. Hop Off & Drive Once you have secured a deep enough half on your opponent, you’re ready to turn him. Hop off your opponent’s body on the same side of the body that you’re controlling his arm. Use your legs and drive diagonally towards the ear on the opposite side of your opponent’s head (if you’re using your left arm to turn your opponent, drive towards his right ear). As you drive, try and pull your opponent’s head toward the armpit of the arm you’re controlling. Keep your chest low on his body, and use your chest to pressure against his. Make sure to stay on your toes while you drive, and do not rest on your knees. Doing so will relieve all the pressure off of your opponent. So, stay on your toes and keep the pressure on. Hot Tip: Using Both Arms There are many different variations of the half, many of which require you to do something with your free arm as you are doing the half (the arm that isn’t snaked under your opponent’s armpit). Some of these include holding the far wrist, keeping a tight waist, or securing an arm-bar on the opposite side of
Who was the Russian leader at the time of the Cuban missile crisis	The Leaders \| Cuban Missile Crisis U.S. President John F. Kennedy Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev Prime Minister of Cuba Fidel Castro White House Photographs. John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, Boston Digital Identifier: JFKWHP-AR6283-A. In 1960, at the age of 43, John F. Kennedy became the youngest elected President in U.S. history, during a period of growing tensions in the U.S.-Soviet Cold War rivalry. Soon after taking office in 1961, he authorized the “Bay of Pigs” invasion led by the CIA and exiles from Cuba, whose government had been overthrown by communist rebels in 1959. This failed to overthrow leader Fidel Castro, and was a major embarrassment to Kennedy. Tensions with the Soviet Union further escalated during the 1961 Berlin Crisis. These events set the stage for the Cuban Missile Crisis. On October 15, 1962 Kennedy was informed of the discovery of Soviet missiles in Cuba and called a meeting of a small circle of trusted advisors (known as the Executive Committee of the National Security Council, or ExComm). He resisted pressure to react quickly with a surprise air strike, and took time to deliberate in secret on the possible courses of action. On October 22 the President announced a naval blockade on further arms shipments to Cuba. He then worked out an agreement with the Soviets, which involved a U.S. pledge not to invade Cuba if the Soviet Union withdrew its missiles, a threat to attack within 24 hours if the offer wasn’t accepted, and a secret promise to withdraw U.S. missiles from Turkey in four-five months. Credit: Heinz Junge, Bundesarchiv. German Federal Archive. Accession number Bild 183-B0628-0015-035. Khrushchev became First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1953 after a power struggle following Stalin’s death, and served as Premier from 1958 to 1964. Khrushchev began efforts to “de-Stalinize” Soviet society. However, in 1961 tensions between the superpowers escalated over the Berlin Crisis. In the spring of 1962 Khrushchev made the decision to place Soviet missiles in Cuba secretly in order to give a quick boost to Soviet missile power, and to strengthen the USSR’s bargaining position regarding the Berlin question. After the missiles were discovered, Khrushchev initially maintained a hard line, expecting Kennedy to back down. However, as the President stood firm, Khrushchev reassessed the situation. Faced with the very real possibility of nuclear war, Khrushchev decided that “to save the world, we must retreat”. He agreed to withdraw the Soviet missiles, in exchange for a U.S. pledge not to invade Cuba and the President’s secret assurance that the U.S. would withdraw its Jupiter missiles from Turkey. As this American concession was not revealed publicly, the settlement was viewed by many as unfavorable to the USSR and hurt Khrushchev politically, contributing to his ouster from power in 1964. Credit: Warren K. Leffler. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division. In January 1959 Fidel Castro’s revolutionary forces seized power. While the Cuban leader initially claimed this was not a communist revolution, a year later Cuba formally aligned itself with the Soviet Union. Relations with the United States deteriorated further in 1961when the U.S. supported CIA-trained anti-Castro exiles in the Bay of Pigs invasion – a failed attempt to overthrow Castro and a major blow for President Kennedy. In this context, in the summer of 1962 Castro accepted the Soviet offer to install missiles in Cuba as a deterrent to a U.S. invasion. During the crisis Castro urged Khrushchev to defend Cuba and reject American demands to withdraw the missiles. On October 27, believing a U.S. attack was imminent, Castro urged Khrushchev to initiate a nuclear first strike. Castro was excluded from the negotiations and felt that, by agreeing to withdraw the missiles, the Soviets had betrayed Cuba. Search for:
After Britain lost the war of American Independence which part of North America did they retain	Why did Britain lose the American War of Independence / Revolutionary War? - Quora Quora The United States of America Why did Britain lose the American War of Independence / Revolutionary War? Britain was the world's greatest superpower at the time, with soldiers who fought on 5 continents and an irresistible navy. Britain massacred rebels and civilians in Jamaica and India around the same time and retained those colonies. Why not the 13 colonies of North America? I keep coming across explanations that, upon further study, turn out to be false: The colonists used cover rather than fighting out in the open, the colonists alone had rifled barrels, the colonists alone had bayonets. Why couldn't Britain win this one? Humphrey Clarke , MA in Modern History - University of St Andrews Because of this: and this... and this... Britain won many times in the battlefield but lost in the taverns. Taverns were plentiful and they were the social network of colonial life. Some areas of Massachusetts and Pennsylvania had them every few miles. One could get mail in a tavern, hire a hand, talk to friends, sell crops, buy land, and eat some good chow. In these places, capable and literate American settlers, many of whom had three or four generations on American soil, debated ideas, mustered militias and formed opinions. And after an apple jack and a roasted hen, with the warmth of a fireplace, one might even talk about throwing off the yoke of the Mother Country. It didn't start out immediately with a call for war. It started with a protest of the Stamp Act, other Intolerable acts, non-compliance, boycott and overall a call for assertion of American rights. I would argue that in those debates in homes, taverns and colonial assemblies (and assemblies were often conducted in taverns), London didn't have 'a man' in the tavern to argue their side. And so the resistance swelled and went from lobby to boycott to arms gathering, to arms-using. The colonies before being fully united were gathering news from each other and thus a blow in New England was felt in the Middle States and eventually South. Here's what Christopher Marshall, a "fighting Quaker' and patriot leader in Philadelphia writes about how Philadelphia reacted to the crackdown in Boston in 1775. Christopher Marshall writes: "This being the day when the cruel act for blocking the harbor of Boston took effect, many of the inhabitants of this city, to express their sympathy and show their concern for their suffering brethren in the common cause of liberty, had their shops shut up, their houses kept close from hurry and business; also the ring of bells at Christ Church were muffled, and rung a solemn peal at intervals, from morning till night; the colors of the vessels in the harbor were hoisted half-mast high; the several houses of different worship were crowded, where divine service was performed, and particular discourses, suitable to the occasion, were preached by F. Alison, Duffield, Sprout, and Blair. Sorrow, mixed with indignation, seemed pictured in the countenance of the inhabitants, and indeed the whole city wore the aspect of deep distress, being a melancholy occasion." -- Passages from the Remembrances of Christopher Marshall, p. 6. There was already by 1775 a national network, fueled by tavern talk, so that events in Boston could lead to protests in Philadelphia and Virginia. All of this popular appeal for resistance might have been satisfied by better policies towards America, by meaningful olive branches, perhaps even by having American MPs in Parliament, but absent those steps, popular appeal was lost and it was never broken during the war. Britain's armies were large and had many victories, swallowing large parts of American territory, holding the commercial center of New York for all of the war and holding Boston, MA, Charleston, S.C., Newport, R.I. and Philadelphia, PA at different times. When they captured Charleston, South Carolina, they had access to The Pink House, operating as a tavern since 1750. Then it was pink because of the Bermuda stone th
Who was the last Viceroy of India	Masterpiece Theatre: Lord Mountbatten - The Last Viceroy (TV Mini-Series 1986) - IMDb (Karachi, Pakistan) – See all my reviews Lord Mountbatten:The Last Viceroy is no doubt a very good film by any standards. Seeing that it follows the career of Lord Louis Mountbatten of Burma,later selected as the last viceroy of British India, it has a number of both strengths and flaws as far as the storyline & picturisation is concerned. STRENGTHS: 1) It portrays the character of Lord Louis from the political side, as far as all the world knows him. 2) Mentions the Nehru - Edwina affair as part of the complications surrounding the partition. 3) Shows the stubburnness of character which Mountbatten possessed. WEAKNESSES: 1) If it is a film following the life of Lord Mountbatten, why does the story end after the partition. Surely there is much more to Lord Moundbatten's life than just the India-Pakistan partition e.g., his death, his campaign as Supreme Naval Commander of S.E.Asia, how he handled the post of 1st Governor General of India. 2) The cast is superb, yet I fail to understand why Vladek Sheybal (a french guy) was given the role of Jinnah, and why not Alique Padamsee (the guy who played Jinnah in 'Gandhi'. Sheybal has neither the height nor the resemblance of Jinnah. 3) Mountbatten was much more arrogant and hard hearted towards Jinnah and the concept of Pakistan, than this film portrays. Overall, the story is otherwise well written. But if the script had been written on the basis of Philip Zeigler's biography of Mountbatten, then it would have been much better. On the whole, its well worth keeping in your collection because as time is passing, there are very few movies depicting the glorious and colourful spleandour of the British Empire. 11 of 18 people found this review helpful. Was this review helpful to you? Yes
What was the Sunday Mirror called prior to 1964	BBC ON THIS DAY \| 15 \| 1964: The Sun newspaper is born 1964: The Sun newspaper is born The Sun newspaper is published today for the first time. It is replacing the Mirror Group's Daily Herald, which has been losing readers and advertising revenue for several years. The newest arrival on Fleet Street is promising to follow a "radical" and "independent" agenda - unlike its predecessor which had strong ties to the Labour party. The TUC sold its 49% stake in the paper in 1960. Mirror Group Newspapers (MGN) and the International Press Corporation (IPC) took over ownership of the Herald in 1961. It was previously owned by Odhams Press, which had seen it reach a circulation of two million in 1933, the highest in the world at the time. The Sun is a radical newspaper Sydney Jacobson, Editor In a bid to broaden the Herald's appeal once more, MGN, is relaunching the paper as the Sun, with the slogan "A paper born of the age we live in". Editor Sydney Jacobson said his new paper would be "totally independent, no ties with any party or movement... totally free to make up its own mind." The paper's launch coincides with the announcement of a general election next month. Prime Minister Sir Alec Douglas-Home, whose Conservative party has been in power for 13 years, will be up against the man described as Labour's thrusting new grammar school boy, Harold Wilson. Asked where his party's loyalties would lie in the coming election battle, Mr Jacobson replied: "The Sun is a radical newspaper. Can a radical newspaper support the present government?" It is a competitive time for newspapers. Faced with rising costs, the Daily Sketch was the first to raise its cover price from 3d to 4d in June, but others are expected to follow suit. The Daily Mirror - The Sun's stablemate - has a current circulation of five million but even so it is not expected to be able to resist the price increase beyond the end of the year. The Mirror Group is splashing out on free beer and christening mugs for new babies to promote the Sun's arrival and Herald's demise.
What was the name of the sport only newspaper launched in March 1998	Concise History of the British Newspaper in the Twentieth Century Concise History of the British Newspaper in the Twentieth Century A Concise History of the British Newspaper, century by century, complied by our experts. Illustrated Weekly Budget 14 November 1908. British Library Newspaper Library. Copyright © The British Library Board 1902 - Jan 17 : Times Literary Supplement launched. 1903 - Nov 2 : Daily Mirror launched by Harmsworth. First daily illustrated exclusively with photographs. 1907 : National Union of Journalists founded. 1908 - Nov 14 : Illustrated Weekly Budget launched: 'The only 1d newspaper in the world printed in colour'. Only seven issues published. 1909 - March 2 : Daily Sketch launched. Merged with the Daily Mail in 1971. 1911 : Copyright Act. 1911 - Jan 25 : Daily Herald launched. First newspaper to sell two million copies. 1913 - April 12 : New Statesman founded by Sidney Webb. 1914 - March 11 : First half-tone in the Times: a 4 by 3 inch picture of the Rokeby Venus, damaged in a Suffragette demonstration. 1915 : 'Teddy Tail' - first British comic strip - in the Daily Mail. 1915 - March 14 : Sunday Pictorial launched by Rothermere. Became Sunday Mirror in 1963. 1916 : Daily Express bought by Max Aitken (later Lord Beaverbrook). 1918 - Dec 29 : Sunday Express launched. 1922 - Aug 14 : Death of Lord Northcliffe. 1924 - Nov 2 : First crossword in a British newspaper, in the Sunday Express. 1926 - May : Most newspapers suspended during the General Strike. Government publishes British Gazette; TUC publishes British Worker. 1930 - Jan 1 : Daily Worker launched. Became Morning Star in 1966. 1930 - Feb 1 : First Times crossword. 1930 - June 2 : News Chronicle formed by the merger of the Daily News and the Daily Chronicle. Merged with Daily Mail in 1960. 1931 : Audit Bureau of Circulations formed. 1932 - Aug 23 : British Museum Newspaper Library opened at Colindale in North London. 1934 - Oct 18 : Daily Mail publishes the first photograph to be transmitted by beam radio (from Melbourne to London). 1938 - Oct 1 : Picture Post launched by Edward Hulton. Ceased publication in 1957. 1940 : Newsprint rationing introduced. 1940 - Nov 26 : Death of Lord Rothermere. 1941 : Daily Worker and Week suppressed. 1947 : First Royal Commission on the Press. Sunday Pictorial 14 March 1915. British Library Newspaper Library. Copyright © The British Library Board Enlarge 1953 : General Council of the Press formed. 1954 - Oct 3 : The Manchester Sunday paper, Emire News, sets up its first Cardiff edition as 'Wales's Own Sunday Paper: Printed in Wales for Wales'. 1959 - Aug 24 : Manchester Guardian changes title to the Guardian, based in London. 1961 : Second Royal Commission on the Press. 1961 - Feb 5 : Sunday Telegraph launched. 1962 - Feb 4 : Launch of Sunday Times magazine as Sunday Times Colour Section. 1964 : Press Council replaces General Council of the Press. 1964 - June 9 : Death of Lord Beaverbrook. 1964 - Sept 6 : Observer colour supplement launched. 1964 - Sept 15 : Daily Herald becomes the Sun. 1964 - Sept 25 : Daily Telegraph magazine launched. 1966 : Times bought by Roy Thomson, owner of the Sunday Times. 1966 - May 3 : Times begins printing news on the front page. 1969 : News of the World bought by Rupert Murdoch. 1969 - Nov 17 : Sun re-launched as a tabloid by Rupert Murdoch. 1973 : Y Dinesydd launched in Cardiff: the first of the Welsh-language community papers ['papurau bro'] established in Wales. 1974 : Third Royal Commission on the Press. 1976 : Evening Post (Nottingham) becomes the first British newspaper to introduce direct input by journalists. 1978 - Nov 2 : Daily Star launched. 1978 - Dec 1 : Publication of the Times and Sunday Times suspended for eleven months. 1979 : Financial Times launches international edition in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. 1980 : Daily Star printed simultaneously by facsimile in London and Manchester. 1980 : British Library Newspaper Library Newsletter launched. Became Newspaper Library News in 1997. 1980 - Oct 31 : Closure of Evening News leaves London with just one evening new
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Name British Television's longest running comedy series	Poll: Best Long Running British TV Comedy - IMDb - IMDb Poll: Best Long Running British TV Comedy A poll by cartman_1337 . Which of these UK TV comedy shows* that lasted at least 4 series is the funniest? *Scripted mainly comedy shows, no talk shows, game shows or shows where the comedy part was secondary/incidental, and only entirely UK productions. Limited to the 31 most popular shows based on IMDb ratings (2,000 votes or more) plus the 4 longest running shows with fewer votes. Check out this poll for shows that lasted less than 4 series. 5 series, but significantly longer series than common in UK See more▼See less▲ A Bit of Fry and Laurie (1987) 4 series Are You Being Served? (1972) 10 series The Benny Hill Show (1969) 19 series How Not to Live Your Life (2007) 4 series Last of the Summer Wine (1973) 31 series British Men Behaving Badly (1992) 7 series Monty Python's Flying Circus (1969) 4 series One Foot in the Grave (1990) 6 series Only Fools and Horses.... (1981) 9 series That Mitchell and Webb Look (2006) 4 series The Thick of It (2005) 4 series The Vicar of Dibley (1994) 5 series Two Pints of Lager and a Packet of Crisps (2001) 9 series
Only one British P.M. has been assassinated, but who shot him	'I've given you the chance to help, but you haven't. Now someone is going to have to die' \| From the Observer \| The Guardian The Observer 'I've given you the chance to help, but you haven't. Now someone is going to have to die' From the assassination of Sweden's foreign minister Anna Lindh to the massacre in Dunblane, the final trigger for some of the most notorious murders was a cry for help that fell on deaf ears. Now, a new cop-and-doc squad is intercepting - and rehabilitating - the deranged loners whose 'end-of-the-road' letters might spell someone else's death sentence. David Rose reports The Observer 'I've given you the chance to help, but you haven't. Now someone is going to have to die' From the assassination of Sweden's foreign minister Anna Lindh to the massacre in Dunblane, the final trigger for some of the most notorious murders was a cry for help that fell on deaf ears. Now, a new cop-and-doc squad is intercepting - and rehabilitating - the deranged loners whose 'end-of-the-road' letters might spell someone else's death sentence. David Rose reports Sunday 26 August 2007 12.17 EDT First published on Sunday 26 August 2007 12.17 EDT Share on Messenger Close This article was amended on Friday 18th June to delete a reference to Mr Elad Shetreet. Mr Shetreet's Response is here The handwritten letter, sent to the office of a prominent Tory MP, had a chilling finality. 'I've given you the chance to help, but you haven't,' it said. 'Now someone is going to have to die.' Its author, a man from the north of England, had written to other high-profile politicians in the preceding months, claiming that the government owed him £300bn for acts of 'criminal negligence' perpetrated by Freemasons, and pleading for their assistance. Later, he claimed that the same MPs had betrayed him, by arranging a coded attack on him to be published in a national newspaper: 'People have died for less,' he wrote. The man had not yet committed a crime nor made a specific threat to kill. His letters suggested there were grounds to fear for his sanity, but he had never been seen by anyone from his local mental health services. But there was good cause to feel uneasy. According to consultant psychiatrist David James, one of the world's leading experts in this unusual field, many people who write such 'end of the road letters' may never do anything dangerous. Others will take steps to confront the recipients of their messages face-to-face, if only to embarrass them. Some, however, will attempt to carry out their threat - of murder or assassination. And in the past, some have succeeded. Assessing the risk and providing treatment to those who may pose it might look like an urgent necessity, but until last year there has been no facility in Britain to deal with such cases systematically. Now it exists: a central unit to which all unsolicited and potentially worrying letters to royals and 'protected politicians' are sent, read and evaluated, as well as examples of bizarre or threatening behaviour at 'iconic locations' such as Downing Street or the royal palaces. FTAC, the Fixated Threat Assessment Centre, looks unprepossessing: a simple, open-plan office with blue industrial carpet in a stucco town house opposite Buckingham Palace. But its appearance is deceptive, for FTAC represents a new and radical departure - the first ever specialist squad that brings together a full-time complement of mental health professionals with the police, funded jointly by the Department of Health and the Home Office. (FTAC's officers are drawn from London's Metropolitan police, but it has national responsibilities.) This month, The Observer Magazine was given exclusive access to FTAC and its staff. David James - whose research helped to found the centre, and who now co-directs it - outlines its mission: 'We have discovered that letters written to prominent individuals can be a powerful tool in detecting people suffering from untreated psychotic illness,' he says. But FTAC isn't just about preventing murders that haven't yet occurred, and is much less about protecting th
What kind of drink is Barack which is a favourite drink of Hungarians	Pálinka, the Hungarian Brandy Pálinka, the Hungarian Brandy Tweet Pálinka is a type of fruit brandy, distilled from a variety of fruits grown mainly on the Great Hungarian Plains. It is a strong and intense alcoholic beverage and comes in a variety of flavors, including apricot (barack), pear (körte), plum (szilva) and cherry (cseresznye). Pálinka has a long history, dating back more than 500 years. Originally pálinka used to be considered more as a medicine than a drink, as it was believed to be a digestive. Pálinka is best enjoyed at room temperature. Only pálinka produced and bottled in Hungary with a minimum alcohol content of 37.5 percent, made 100% from fruits grown in Hungary and indigenous to the Carpathian Basin can be considered authentic. One of the best opportunities to sample pálinka is at one of the annual pálinka festivals. The Budapest Pálinka and Sausage Festival is held on Castle Hill in the fall (October). The Budapest Pálinka Festival is held in the spring (May) in City Hall Park where visitors can taste over 300 different type of pálinka. One of the most famous Hungarian pálinkas is made from apricots and is widely known as fütyülős barack pálinka or whistling apricot brandy. This special pálinka was created in the middle of the 19th century when the phylloxera epidemic destroyed most of the vineyards and the pálinka made from apricots grown in the orchards around Kecskemét was used to supplement the lost production. It received its name after a special long-necked, whistle-shaped bottle that became widespread in Hungary during the Turkish occupation and was often used to store pálinka. Fütyülős barack pálinka gained international reputation when Edward, Prince of Wales, who renounced the throne for love, became a life-long fan of the drink following a 1936 visit to Hungary. To date, every time a member of the British Royal Family visits Hungary, he or she is presented with a bottle of apricot pálinka. In the 1960s the famous Zwack family furthered the name of this Hungarian specialty with the release of their own version called Fütyülős Barackpálinka. Pálinka is an acquired taste and Zwack adjusted its marketing strategy to meet international demand by lowering the alcohol content and making flavored varieties of the famed pálinka. As a consequence of the changes in production, it can no longer be called pálinka and today, it's sold only as Fütyülős. Many Hungarians still enjoy a shot of pálinka before and/or after a meal. Pálinka is available in stores and restaurants, so be sure to try it when visiting Hungary. Different brands of pálinka can be found in all major supermarkets in Hungary. A good place to sample authentic Hungarian pálinka is Rézangyal Bistro . Rézangyal offers a selection of over 100 authentic pálinkas in their own unique glasses accompanied by professional guidance. Bars, stores and festivals dedicated to pálinka are good signs that this unique Hungarian spirit is undergoing a renaissance. Cheers! Egészségedre!
What is the collective noun for a group of leopards	What is a group of leopards called? What is a group of leopards called? Collective Noun for Leopards The collective noun for leopards is the word you would use to describe a group of leopards. We have identified the following word(s) that you could call a group of leopards: leap lepe Used in a sentence, you could say "Look at the leap of leopards", where "leap" is the collective noun that means group. As you can see, you simply substitute the word "group" with one of the collective nouns on our list above when describing a group of leopards.
What type of bird is a Jonathan Livingstone	Jonathan Livingston Seagull \| PopMatters Jonathan Livingston Seagull Tweet So Jesus was a seagull. Or in deference to all devout Christians out there, a bird can be a messianic figure once it has a Trial of Billy Jack-like spiritual reawakening. Guess all those sacrosanct sightings in bagels, Danishes, and pizza slices aren’t so silly after all. For anyone old enough to recall the whole Godspell/Superstar revivalism of the early ‘70s (as clear a mea culpa for the preceding ‘60s as any culture can create), Jonathan Livingston Seagull was a plain-speak Bible combined with The Unexpurgated Guide to Water Fowl. It was, to paraphrase Woody Allen, EST with Feathers. Today it would be dismissed as New Age heresy—or perhaps, a literal fine-feathered soup for the easily enlightened soul—but back when flares were fashionable and people were feeling powerless against a corrupt government machine, this was Deepak Chopra with wings. Joseph Campbell would be proud of the mythos manufactured here. Constantly taking off on his own, Jonathan Livingston Seagull is one disgruntled bird. He wants to fly faster, travel farther, and ignore the outdated laws of The Flock’s dictatorial elders. He’s a rebel, and he’ll never ever be anything but undeniably good. Instead of picking at garbage for sustenance, he’d rather try out new dangerous wing patterns and partake of internal monologues. As a result, he soon finds himself outcast from his feathered family. On his own for the first time, he drinks in the initial freedom. He travels across an unnamed nation, experiencing the vastness of the far off horizons. But as the realities of a life alone start to sink in, Jonathan stumbles. Soon, he finds himself in a surreal world where lives are measured in centuries, not years, and where reincarnation allows his kind to transcend their body and teleport through space. After learning more about his special spiritual powers, Jonathan returns to The Flock. He wants to spread the Word about the world outside their landfill living conditions. He even takes another non-conformist seagull under his wing. Tragedy tests both of their mantles. It’s all part of being one with the cosmos and discovering your inner self. Author Richard Bach, writer of this unquestionable cultural phenomenon that drove many a stunned student directly to the water pipe, was lambasted for cookie-cutter literary sloppiness and a far-too-liberal interpretation of man’s secular status in the cosmic hierarchy - but that didn’t hurt his bank account any. Every matriculating freshman found this best-selling bird book smack dab in the middle of the required-reading list, while older generations, desperate for some post-sexual revolution respite, tucked into the novel’s altruistic excess like highballs at an open bar. As with most fads, it quickly faded, but just to put a cap on the craze, writer/director Hal Bartlett brought the fable to the big screen. If you can tolerate the touchy-feely foundation of Bach’s backwards belief system, and then Zen hit maker Neil Diamond’s sonic take on same, Jonathan Livingston Seagull is a stunning artistic experience. It is, without a doubt, one of the more visually magnificent movies ever made. Oscar-nominated for its outstanding cinematography (by Disney True-Life Adventures photographer Jack Couffer) and editing (vast sweeping vistas courtesy of Jack P. Keller and James Galloway), it is a sumptuous optical wonder, a nature-based work of cinematic art. You can stuff your CGI – this is scope sans unnecessary visual tweaks. When we first meet the title character, he is soaring majestically through cotton soft clouds and over hyper-realistic seashore settings. It’s the Garden of Eden as clear California dreamin’. As slow motion waves crash against abandoned beaches, our hero hovers and dives, sun setting slowing to produce a perfect orange glow. It’s just incredible. Jonathan Livingston Seagull actually plans on using this image-based bravado for the vast majority of its storytelling—and we’re willing to buy it, up to a point. Indeed, the minute Mr. “Song
In botany to which family do the two species of rape belong	Agavaceae: Agave Family Back To Alphabet Table Note: This Family Sometimes Lumped With The Liliaceae Agave atrovirens Pulque Plant [Pulque is the fermented juice from the base of flower stalk; leaves of central cone are removed and the sap is allowed to collect in the cavity; mescal and tequila are distilled pulque; other species of Agave are also used for pulque.] A. sisalina Sisal [Strong fibers from leaves.] Phormium tenax New Zealand Flax [Strong leaf fibers 3 to 7 feet long.] Sansevieria metalaea and other spp. Bowstring Hemp [Strong fiber from leaves; sometimes placed in the Liliaceae.] Cordyline fruticosa Ti Plant [Many uses for fibrous leaves of this Polynesian plant.] Amaranthus caudatus Jataco or Achita [Edible leaves used as a potherb; nutritious seeds cooked and eaten like cereal grains.] Amaranthus retroflexus Pigweed [Edible leaves and seeds.] A. cruentus, A. powellii, A. hypochondriacus Amaranth [Edible seeds ground into flour; amaranth flour was important South American cereal during pre-Columbian times; grown by the Aztecs and southwest Indians for millennia, the small seeds are rich in lysine and the young leaves are high in calcium and iron.] Amaryllidaceae: Amaryllis Family Back To Alphabet Table Note: This Family Sometimes Lumped With The Liliaceae The following plants with edible bulbs are often placed in the lily family but are more correctly members of the Amaryllis Family--Amaryllidaceae: Allium cepa Onion and Shallot [Edible bulbs; including many different varieties.] A. ampeloprasum (A. porrum) Leek [Delicious edible bulb and leaves.] A. sativum Garlic [Edible bulb; valuable seasoning and medicinal herb.] A. schoenoprasum Chives [Leaves used for garnish and herb.] Pleiogynium solandri (P. timorense) Burdekin Plum Mangifera indica Mango P. lentiscus Gum Mastic P. chinensis Chinese Pistache Pachycormus discolor Elephant Tree [Native to Baja California; also see elephant trees (Bursera spp.) in Burseraceae.] Gluta renghas Rengas Tree [Tropical Malaysian tree with beautiful heartwood; dangerous to work because of urushiol in resin.] Melanorrhoea usitata Burmese Lacquer Tree [Sap contains urushiol.] Semecarpus anacardium India Marking Nut Tree [Sap contains urushiol.] Metopium toxiferum and Comocladia dodonaea [Caribbean shrubs that contain urushiol.] Schinus molle Peruvian Pepper Tree [Female trees are the source of pink peppercorns.] S. terebinthifolius Brazilian Pepper Tree [Female trees are the source of pink peppercorns.] Toxicodendron vernicifluum Lacquer Tree. [From milky sap which darkens upon oxidation; sap contains urushiol.] Note: Shellac is prepared from a resinous secretion on the twigs of several tree species by an insect, Tachardia lacca or Laccifer lacca. This insect is a member of the order Homoptera along with aphids, scale insects, mealy bugs, and cicadas. Confectioner's glaze (also known as pharmaceutical glaze) is an alcohol based solution of food grade shellac. It extends the shelf life of candies and tablets and protects them from moisture. It also masks the unpleasant odor and taste of certain medicinal tablets and aids in swallowing. Since the shellac coating is insoluble in stomach acids, it is used in time-released pills. T. diversilobum, T. radicans, and T. vernix Poison Oak, Poison Ivy, and Poison Sumac. All are painful experiences to hypersensitive people. Dermatitis reactions can also occur from handling the shells of cashew nuts and from eating mangoes. Apium graveolens Celery [Edible leaf stalks or petioles.] Carum carvi Caraway Coriandrum sativum Coriander [Seeds used as a tasty seasoning; aromatic leaves (called cilantro) used as garnish and in salsa and guacamole dishes.] Cuminum cyminum Cumin Daucus carota Carrot [Edible taproot; also called Queen Ann's lace when flowering.] Foeniculum vulgare Fennel [Edible petioles; seeds used like anise for licorice flavoring in cady, medicines, perfumes, liquor and soap; true licorice from root of a perennial legume. Pastinaca sativa Parsnip [Edible taproot; similar to the deadly poisonous water hemlock.] Petrose
What is the name of the theme music used in The Lone Ranger T.V. series	The Lone Ranger Theme Song - YouTube The Lone Ranger Theme Song Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Jul 21, 2008 William Tell Overture by Gioachino Rossini Category
Which cricketer was nicknamed Chilly	CRICKET PLAYERS & NICKNAMES ... endless! by Chinaroad Australia's 1948 tour of England ï¿½ The Invincibles Australian national cricket team ï¿½ Baggy Greens Bangladeshi national cricket team ï¿½ The Tigers Canadian national cricket team ï¿½ One Man Band New Zealand national cricket team ï¿½ The Black Caps, The Kiwis South African national cricket team ï¿½ The Proteas West Indian national cricket team ï¿½ The Windies, The Calypsos Indian national cricket team ï¿½ The Men in Blue Pakistani national cricket teamï¿½ The Stars Officials, umpires and commentators Harold Bird ï¿½ Dickie Bird Henry Blofeld ï¿½ Blowers Brent Bowden ï¿½ Billy Steve Bucknor ï¿½ Slow Death Bill Ferguson ï¿½ Fergie Bill Frindall ï¿½ The Bearded Wonder Brian Johnston ï¿½ Johnners Christopher Martin-Jenkins ï¿½ CMJ Don Mosey ï¿½ The Alderman David Shepherd ï¿½ Shep Bryan Waddle ï¿½ Wads Players Bobby Abel ï¿½ The Guv'nor Jimmy Adams ï¿½ Padams Paul Adams ï¿½ Gogga ("insect" in Afrikaans), A frog in a blender (for his unusual bowling action) Ajit Agarkar ï¿½ Bombay Duck (for his horror streak of ducks against Australia) Jonathan Agnew ï¿½ Aggers Shoaib Akhtar ï¿½ Rawalpindi Express Wasim Akram ï¿½ Prince of Pakistan, Was, Sultan of Swing Terry Alderman ï¿½ Clem (after Clem Jones, mayor of Brisbane, curator of Gabba and an alderman) Mark Alleyne ï¿½ BooBoo Mohinder Amarnath ï¿½ Jimmy, Amarnought Surinder Amarnath ï¿½ Tommy Warwick Armstrong ï¿½ the Big Ship Jason Arnberger ï¿½ Cheesy Geoff Arnold ï¿½ Horse Shahid Afridi ï¿½ The Boom Michael Atherton ï¿½ Athers B Trevor Bailey ï¿½ The Boil, Barnacle Omari Banks ï¿½ Bankie, Cowheb Richie Benaud ï¿½ Diamonds Tino Best ï¿½ The Best, Ntini Michael Bevan ï¿½ Bevvo Andrew Bichel ï¿½ Bic Jack Blackham ï¿½ Black Jack David Boon ï¿½ Boonie, Keg on Legs, Stumpy Allan Border ï¿½ A.B., Captain Grumpy Ian Botham ï¿½ Beefy,The Both,Guy Mark Boucher ï¿½ Guinness, Billy Nicky Boje ï¿½ Bodge Nathan Bracken ï¿½ Bracks Don Bradman ï¿½ The Don Ian Bell ï¿½ Belly, the team baby C Andy Caddick ï¿½ Caddyshack Chris Cairns ï¿½ B.A. (Bad Attitude) Shivnarine Chanderpaul ï¿½ Tiger Ian Chappell ï¿½ Chapelli Ewen Chatfield ï¿½ Chats, Farmer (Mer) or The Naenae Express Stuart Clark ï¿½ Sarfraz, Stu Michael Clarke ï¿½ Pup Paul Collingwood ï¿½ Nice Ginger, Colly Herbie Collins ï¿½ Horseshoe Corey Collymore ï¿½ Screw Jeremy Coney ï¿½ Mantis Colin Cowdrey ï¿½ Kipper Jeff Crowe ï¿½ Chopper Martin Crowe ï¿½ Hogan D Adam Dale ï¿½ Chipper Joe Darling ï¿½ Paddy Phillip DeFreitas ï¿½ Half-Chocolate, Daffy Aravinda de Silva ï¿½ Mad Max Fanie de Villiers ï¿½ Vinnige Fanie ("Fast Fanie" in Afrikaans) Kapil Dev ï¿½ The Haryana Express Mahendra Singh Dhoni ï¿½ Mahi Graham Dilley ï¿½ Pica Boeta Dippenaar ï¿½ Dipps Allan Donald ï¿½ White Lightning Brett Dorey ï¿½ Hunky, John J.W.H.T. Douglas ï¿½ Johnny Won't Hit Today Rahul Dravid ï¿½ Jammy, The Wall E Bruce Edgar ï¿½ Bootsy F Damien Fleming ï¿½ Flemo Stephen Fleming ï¿½ Flange Duncan Fletcher ï¿½ Fletch Keith Fletcher ï¿½ The Gnome of Essex Andrew Flintoff ï¿½ Freddy, Twiggy, Fred, family man James Foster ï¿½ The Child Graeme Fowler ï¿½ Foxy C. B. Fry ï¿½ Lord Oxford, Charles III, Almighty G Saurav Ganguly ï¿½ Maharaj, Prince of Calcutta, Dada, Bengal Tiger Joel Garner ï¿½ Big Bird Sunil Gavaskar ï¿½ Sunny, The Little Master Chris Gayle ï¿½ Cramps, Crampy Herschelle Gibbs ï¿½ Scooter, The Sack Man Adam Gilchrist ï¿½ Churchy, Gilly, The Demolition Man Ashley Giles ï¿½ Ash, the King of Spain Jason Gillespie ï¿½ Dizzy Darren Gough ï¿½ Rhino, Goughy, the Dazzler, Dancing Darren E. M. Grace ï¿½ The Coroner W.G. Grace ï¿½ The Doctor Mark Greatbatch ï¿½ Paddy Clarrie Grimmett ï¿½ The Old Fox, Grum Subhash Gupte ï¿½ Fergie H Brad Haddin ï¿½ BJ, Harry, Guildo Richard Hadlee ï¿½ Paddles Andrew Hall ï¿½ Brosh, Merv, Hally Stephen Harmison ï¿½ Harmy (or Harmi), Tinker, GBH (Grievous Bodily Harmison) Chris Harris ï¿½ Harry, Lugs Ian Harvey ï¿½ Freak Nathan Hauritz ï¿½ Horry Matthew Hayden ï¿½ Haydos, Unit
Which Grand Prix did Alain Prost win 5 times in the 80’s	The Races we Remember: the Specials of the 80s The Races we Remember: the Specials of the 80s Selected and narrated by Mark Alan Jones, Australia As the first 50 years of the Formula One come to an end, Atlas F1 looks back at the ten most memorable races of the World Championship - two races from every decade. They were the best of times; they were the worst of times. These are the events that enriched our lives, left their mark and will forever be a part of racing heritage, for years to come 1986 Australian Grand Prix, Adelaide Winner: Alain Prost Second place: Nelson Piquet Third place: Stefan Johansson Pole Position: Nigel Mansell Fastest Lap: Nelson Piquet October 26, 1986 was one of the most dramatic days in the history of the world championship. The season had built up to a point and three drivers stared each other down for a battle for the title. All through the year the Williams drivers, Brazilian dual world champion Nelson Piquet and late blooming front running Brit Nigel Mansell, had staged a spectacular battle. But reigning champion, McLaren's Alain Prost, had been quietly accumulating points and the three of them were in with a shot at the title. It was the second Australian Grand Prix, the few glitches in the new race's armour gone and everyone was looking forward to the last race of the year. Right from the word Go it was winner take all, as Piquet and Mansell fought over qualifying. Mansell took pole from his teammate ahead of Ayrton Senna (Lotus), Prost, Rene Arnoux (Ligier), Gerhard Berger (Benetton) and Keke Rosberg, having his last race in the McLaren. Mansell won the start from Senna, but would settle down into the third (fourth would do) he needed to be world champion, allowing the Brazilians to run away. Piquet, however, was soon in trouble with his fuel consumption and there was no way he could hold back... Rosberg! The Finn was determined to remind everyone that despite a wretched year, he was a world champion and loved the street circuits. Senna faded slowly with a sick engine, Michele Alboreto (Ferrari) was out with damage from an incident with Arnoux, and local hero Alan Jones, like Rosberg also retiring and also showing the mettle that made him world champion, dragged his Lola-Ford up to eighth in the first 15 laps before the inevitable engine failure. Prost moved past Mansell into third and pressured Piquet into a spin on lap 23. Prost collected a puncture and dived in for an early pit stop. There was speculation that the cars would run non-stop. At this point the race appeared to settle. Goodyear were happy with the tyres that had come off Prost's car while Rosberg now had a big lead over the Williams duo, Piquet taking second approximately mid-distance. By lap 60, Prost had regained the lost time to the Williamses but Mansell had the championship under control. But without the slightest warning the race suddenly changed, leaving one of the challengers shattered and yet relieved, another disappointed, and the third utterly jubilant. On lap 63 Rosberg was parked against the wall with a failed rear tyre. While the commentators made the right noises about the end of a great career, the Goodyear technicians didn't like what they saw. They liked even less the tyres that simultaneously came off Thierry Boutsen's Arrows during a pitstop. The order went out - bring them in. The order was given within the same lap but for Nigel Mansell it was too late; coming down Brabham Straight at full noise Mansell's left rear tyre spectacularly delaminated. The car sat down on the deflated corner and Mansell struggled to control the car at the fastest part of the track surrounded by concrete. In a shower of sparks and flailing rubber, Mansell somehow kept the car travelling straight and pulled the car up with a gentle nudge into the wall at Racetrack Hairpin. The Brit was philosophical - he wasn't a world champion, but he was alive. Piquet made the pitstop, which Prost didn't need after his earlier stop. Unbelievingly the Williams duo had lost and Prost has won. Prost never completed the cool down lap,
Which British battleship was sank by a submarine while in Scapa Flow	Ahoy - Mac's Web Log - The Sinking of British Battleship, HMS Royal Oak, at Scapa Flow, by German Submarine, U-47 The Sinking of British Battleship, HMS Royal Oak, at Scapa Flow, by German Submarine, U-47 This Marshall Islands stamp depicts Gunter Prien sinking Royal Oak, after he penetrated Scapa Flow Over two World Wars, Scapa Flow in the Orkneys, was the main Fleet Anchorage in the British Isles for the Royal Navy, During WW1, the German Submarine UB-116 commanded by Oberleutnant Hans Joachim Emsmann had, in October 1918, attempted to penetrate this British Base, but had come to grief on a mine, and was lost with all hands. Just after going to war against Britain in September 1939, the German U-Boat Commander, Admiral Donitz, was keen to upset both the Royal Navy, and her First Lord of the Admiralty, Winston Churchill, by breaching the defences of Scapa Flow and sinking a major Naval Vessel. In September 1939, U-14 had carried out a patrol in that area and brought back valuable information about the approaches to this major Fleet Base. In addition, the Luftwaffe, on the 26th. of September, had managed to obtain excellent photographs of this seemingly impregnable anchorage. At least the British believed it was inviolable; but not so, thought Donitz. The defences of Britain's major naval base were still not complete 6 weeks after the commencement of hostilities with Germany. Donitz studied the reconnaissance photographs, and decided that a 50 foot gap existed between the blockships which had been sunk in the northern end of the most eastern entrance in Kirk Sound, and he thought that a surfaced Submarine could penetrate this narrow access at the time of slack water. But, a night attack would be mandatory. On Sunday the 1st. of October 1939, Donitz sent for one of his best submarine Captains, Kapitanleutnant (equivalent to our Lieutenant Commander) Gunter Prien, and offered him the mission of taking his U-Boat, U-47, into Scapa Flow to sink a major British warship. Prien had been born at Leipzig in Saxony in 1909 , and left school at 14, to become a cabin boy at sea. He rose to be a Merchant Marine officer, but come the depression, he was out of a job. Somewhat embittered by being unemployed in his early twenties, Prien joined the Nazi Party in 1932, and in the following year joined the Navy as an Ordinary Seaman. He was quickly seen as Officer material, became a Cadet, joined the Submarine service and by 1938 had risen to command level. When WW2 broke out, Prien was in command of U-Boat 47, and had recently been married. It was made quite clear to Prien, that he could refuse this task without damaging his bright career, but Prien after studying the plans overnight, decided to accept this formidible challenge. On the 8th. of October 1939, Prien took U-47 through the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Kanal and cleared her into the North Sea. Whilst enroute to Scapa Flow he took particular care to avoid any vessels that might betray his whereabouts. At 2331 (11.31 PM) on the 13th of October (obviously not a superstitious sailor) Prien commenced his run into the British Naval stronghold. Because of the strong currents obtaining in this area, he chose the slack water period (the time in between the tide changing from ebbing to flowing or vice versa, when there is no actual water movement) and navigated his boat on the surface, between vessels sunk in the channels by the British, designed to stop such a passage by a U-Boat or any other enemy craft. At one stage of Prien's approach, he was so close to the shore that a passing car's headlights illuminated his crawling submarine, but he continiued undetected. Just after midnight on the 13/14th of October, he noted in his War Diary at 0027 (2.27 AM) " WIR SINDIN SCAPA FLOW!!" (WE are in Scapa Flow!!) For the Royal Navy it was fortunate that the major units of the Home Fleet had not yet returned to Scapa Flow after chasing a strong German Naval Force, led by the Battlecruiser Gneisenau, which had sortied into the North Sea. Inside the anchorage, Prien looked for any likely targets and sighted two la
Which cavalry regiment was Custer’s last command	Warfare History Network » George A. Custer’s “Last Stand” at the Battle of Little Bighorn George A. Custer’s “Last Stand” at the Battle of Little Bighorn Home Daily Military History George A. Custer’s “Last Stand” at the Battle of Little Bighorn George A. Custer’s “Last Stand” at the Battle of Little Bighorn • July 28, 2014 The battle known as 'Custer’s Last Stand,' came about with the discovery of gold deposits in the Black Hills of South Dakota. by Mike Haskew During the Battle of the Little Bighorn, June 25-26, 1876, troopers of the U.S. 7th Cavalry Regiment under the command of Lieutenant Colonel George A. Custer were massacred by Lakota Sioux, Arapaho, and Cheyenne braves led by Crazy Horse, Sitting Bull, and other prominent chiefs and visionary holy men, near the Little Bighorn River in central Montana Territory. The battle, which has come to be known as “Custer’s Last Stand,” came about with the 1874 exploration of the Black Hills of South Dakota by troops under Custer’s command. Gold deposits were found in the Black Hills, which were located within the Great Sioux Reservation, and when negotiations for their purchase failed, the Native American tribes refused to move to a separate reservation. A military expedition against the allied tribes followed in the spring of 1876, with the 7th Cavalry Regiment comprising a large component of one of several U.S. Army contingents sent to subdue them. Custer’s 7th Cavalry was detached from a larger Army force under the command of General Alfred Terry. The tribes numbered approximately 8,000 people with up to 1,800 warriors, while Custer’s command numbered fewer than 500. Gain new insight into the battle that brought the end of Napoleon’s rule in France. Get your copy of Warfare History Network’s FREE Special Report, The Battle of Waterloo Dividing His Regiment Custer’s scouts located the tribes’ camp in the valley of the Little Bighorn River on June 24. Plans for a dawn attack on June 26 were discarded amid concerns that the element of surprise had been lost. Custer divided his regiment into three separate forces. He retained command of 210 troopers and placed others under Major Marcus Reno and Captain Frederick Benteen. Reno’s command was hit by the warriors and suffered heavy casualties, retreating across the river and up a steep slope to better defensive positions. Reno’s survivors encountered Benteen, and it had become apparent that the situation was growing more critical. The troopers were besieged from the afternoon of June 25 until dusk the following day when the entire Native American village was once again on the move. Surrender Within a Year Custer’s separate battle raged along high ground that is known today as Custer or Battle Ridge, east of the Little Bighorn. Although the exact course of events that took place is unknown, Custer’s command was surrounded, and five companies of the 7th Cavalry were annihilated, suffering 268 dead, including Custer, and 55 wounded. Although Custer’s Last Stand was a memorable victory for the tribes, overwhelming force compelled them to surrender within a year. Article Meta Data
Which wars began with the Battle of St. Albans and finished with the Battle of Bosworth	Second Battle of St Albans \| Military Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia Second Battle of St Albans 204,342pages on Share Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you’ve made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. Second Battle of St Albans St Albans in Hertfordshire, England Result Stoke Field The Second Battle of St Albans was a battle of the English Wars of the Roses fought on 17 February 1461, at St Albans . The army of the Yorkist faction under the Earl of Warwick attempted to bar the road to London north of the town. The rival Lancastrian army used a wide outflanking manoeuvre to take Warwick by surprise, cut him off from London, and drive his army from the field. The victors also released the feeble King Henry VI , who had been Warwick's prisoner, from his captivity. However, they ultimately failed to take advantage of their victory. Contents Edit The Wars of the Roses were fought between the supporters of the House of Lancaster, represented by the mentally unstable King Henry VI, and those of the rival House of York. Richard of York quarrelled with several of Henry's court during the late 1440s and early 1450s. He was respected as a soldier and administrator, and was believed by his own supporters to have a better claim to the throne than Henry. York and his friends finally openly rebelled in 1455. At the First Battle of St Albans , York gained a victory, but this did not resolve the causes of the conflict. After several attempts at reconciliation, fighting resumed in 1459. At the Battle of Northampton in 1460, Richard of York's nephew, the Earl of Warwick, defeated a Lancastrian army and captured King Henry, who had taken no part. York returned to London from exile in Ireland and attempted to claim the throne, but his supporters were not prepared to go so far. Instead, an agreement was reached, the Act of Accord , by which York or his heirs were to become king after Henry's death. This agreement disinherited Henry's young son Edward of Westminster . Henry's queen, Margaret of Anjou , refused to accept the Act of Accord and took Edward to Scotland to gain support there. York's rivals and enemies meanwhile raised an army in the north of England. York and his brother-in-law, the Earl of Salisbury (Warwick's father), led an army to the north late in 1460 to counter these threats, but they drastically underestimated the Lancastrian forces. At the Battle of Wakefield , the Yorkist army was destroyed and York, Salisbury and York's second son, Edmund, Earl of Rutland , were killed in the fighting or were executed after the battle. Campaign Edit The victorious Lancastrian army began advancing south towards London. It was led by comparatively young nobles such as the Duke of Somerset , the Earl of Northumberland and Lord Clifford , whose fathers had been killed by York and Warwick at the First Battle of St Albans. The army contained a substantial contingent from the West Country, but many of its men were from the Scottish Borders or Scotland, who subsisted largely on plunder in their march south. The death of Richard of York left his eighteen-year old son Edward, Earl of March, as the Yorkist claimant for the throne. He led one Yorkist army in the Welsh Marches , while Warwick led another in London and the south east. Naturally, they intended to combine their forces to face Margaret's army, but Edward was delayed by the need to confront another Lancastrian army from Wales led by Jasper Tudor . On 2 February, Edward defeated Tudor's army at the Battle of Mortimer's Cross . Warwick, with the captive King Henry in his train, meanwhile moved to block Margaret's army's route to London. He took up position north of St Albans astride the main road from the north (the ancient Roman road known as Watling Street ), where he set up several fixed defences, including cannon and obstacles such as caltrops and pavises studded with spikes, and p
What is the name given to the slits in castle walls that archers fired through	Castle Architecture - Castle Walls Other than simple towers, all castles have surrounding defensive walls. as the Romans knew, simple walls can be difficult to defend because the defenders need to be able to fire upon all areas outside but near the walls. The Roman solution was to construct towers at intervals along the walls. These towers provided covering fire for the walls. This same solution was used in Medieval times. Medieval builders used a number of techniques to strengthen walls, for example building them thicker at the base to prevent undermining (taluses), and cutting the stones in such a way as to be able to withstand high impact projectiles (bossing). Castle walls were also used to help defences in other ways - for example walkways on top of the walls (chemins de rondes) allowed defenders to move quickly around the castle defences. Battlements (crenellations) protected them for enemy fire. Simple battlements could support further defences such as hourdes in times of trouble, later to be replaced by permanent stone machicolations. Walls were often provided with arrow loops and later by gun ports (cannoniers) to enable defenders to fire on the enemy in relative safety. The curtain walls at the Chateau Comtal with wooden Hourds, inside the Cité of Carcassonne The Inner curtain walls at Carcassonne Not only castle needed protection. In areas where the Church was particularly unpopular its buildings were often build like castles. This is the Cathedral at Albi in France. Curtain Walls (Courtines) A curtain wall or courtine is a type of defensive wall forming part of the defences of medieval castles and towns. The curtain wall surrounded and protected the interior courtyard, or bailey, of a castle. These walls were often connected by a series of towers or mural towers to add strength and provide for better defense of the ground outside the castle, and were connected like a curtain draped between these posts. Additional provisions and buildings were often enclosed by such a construction, designed to help a garrison last longer during a siege by enemy forces. With the introduction of star forts (trace italienne fortification) the height of the curtain walls was reduced and additional outworks such as ravelins and tenailles were added beyond the ditch to protect the curtain walls from direct cannonading. Coutain Wall at Carcassonne Battlements & Crenellations Castle walls were often crenelated, that is to say provided with projections called merlons. These merlons provided protection for defenders while allowing them to shoot from the gaps between. Some merlons were provided with their own arrow slits, providing the defenders with even more protection (as shown near right) A battlement (also called a crenellation) in defensive architecture such as that of city walls or castles, comprises wall) in which portions have been cut out at intervals to allow the discharge of arrows or other missiles. These cut-out portions form crenels (also known as carnels, embrasures, loops or wheelers). The solid widths between the crenels are called merlons (or cops or kneelers). A wall with battlements is said to be crenelated or embattled. Battlements may have protected walkways (chemin de ronde) behind them. The term originated around the 14th century from the Old French word batailler, "to fortify with batailles" (fixed or movable turrets of defence). Battlements have been used for th
Which film star and singer said your not drunk if you can lie on the floor without holding on	Streams of Consciousness - Top 10 List - Top Ten List - Top 10 Drinking Quotes Of All Time - Booze Quotes - Dean Martin Quote - Dylan Thomas Quote - Billy Carter Quote - Tom Waits - W.C. Fields - Ernest Hemingway - Charles Bukowski - Frank Sinatra - George Jean Nathan quote Top 10 Drinking Quotes Of All Time #10 - Anonymous "Reality is an illusion that occurs due to the lack of alcohol." #09 - Dean Martin [1917-95] "You're not drunk if you can lie on the floor without holding on." #08 - Dylan Thomas [1914-53] "An alcoholic is someone you don't like who drinks as much as you do." #07 - Billy Carter [1937-88] "Beer is not a good cocktail-party drink, especially in a home where you don't know where the bathroom is." #06 - Tom Waits [1949- ] "I'd rather have a free bottle in front of me than a prefrontal lobotomy." [Editor's Note: This quote has been widely attributed to Dorothy Parker.] #05 - W.C. Fields [1880-1946] "Somebody left the cork out of my lunch." #04 - Ernest Hemingway [1899-1961] "Drinking is a way of ending the day." #03 - Charles Bukowski [1920-94] "There was nothing really as glorious as a good beer shit - I mean after drinking twenty or twenty-five beers the night before. The odor of a beer shit like that spread all around and stayed for a good hour-and-a-half. It made you realize that you were really alive.” #02 - Frank Sinatra [1915-98] "I feel sorry for people who don't drink. When they wake up in the morning, that's as good as they're going to feel all day." #01 - George Jean Nathan [1882-1958] "I drink to make other people interesting." User Comments - Add a Comment scay - 2007-10-21 01:24:43 the frank sinatra quote is wrong. it should read "I feel sorry for people who don't drink. When they wake up in the morning, that's as good as they're going to feel all day." otherwise it makes no sense Raven - 2007-10-21 02:40:23 Number 2 is punctuated incorrectly. It should read, "I feel sorry for people who don't drink. When they wake up in the morning, that's as good as they're going to feel all day." Anonymous - 2007-10-21 04:50:52 #2 is a mis-quote. The punctuation is wrong. It should read: "I feel sorry for people who don't drink. When they wake up in the morning, that's as good as they're going to feel all day." anonimouse - 2007-10-21 08:31:01 "Mr. Churchill, you're drunk!" "And you, Madam, are ugly. But in the morning I shall be sober." Tyler - 2007-10-21 08:36:23 Anyone reading other comments before writing their own? Cheers jake - 2007-10-21 08:42:57 i have no problem with the quote that talks about getting drunk every morning. that's my morning routine. PABST BLUE RIBBON, baby!!! Steve - 2007-10-21 08:46:13 The Frank Sinatra quote is wrong. It should read: "I drink for people who don't feel sorry. When they feel me up in the morning, that's as good as they'll wake up all day." grim - 2007-10-21 08:54:16 #6 is also wrong. He actually said "I'd rather have a bottle in front of me than a frontal lobotomy." Where'd you get that "free" and "pre-" nonsense. oldfart namvet - 2007-10-21 10:04:38 You forgot the Nixon years favorite: "Hold my beer and watch this" Anonymous - 2007-10-21 10:41:17 Homer Simpson: "To alcohol, the cause of and solution to all of life's problems" Forgodsake - 2007-10-21 10:50:21 # Sinatra. The punctuation is quoted wrongly, it should read blah blah blah RatPackPete - 2007-10-21 13:15:06 #2 wasn't said by Frank at all, it was Dean Martins line. Anonymous - 2007-10-21 13:51:02 Oscar Wilde - "Work is the curse of the drinking classes" Thumax - 2007-10-21 14:28:16 #2 actually quotes the wrong source. Joe E. Lewis, a comedian, actually is the originator. Frank Sinatra used the line in a movie about Joe E. Lewis's life. "The Joker is Wild" timc - 2007-10-21 20:37:57 "Beer is living proof that God loves us and wants us to be happy." -- Benjamin Franklin Tom Goodfellow - 2007-10-21 22:34:55 A woman drove me to drink and I didn't even have the decency to thank her - W.C. Fields Polly Sigh - 2007-10-22 11:24:50 Boy, that steve sure is smart! Gregg Schroeder of the Society of Hysterica
Who said (when speaking of cars) you can have any colour you want as long as its black	Henry Ford - Wikiquote Henry Ford Jump to: navigation , search An idealist is a person who helps other people to be prosperous. Any customer can have a car painted any color that he wants so long as it is black. Henry Ford ( July 30 , 1863 – April 7 , 1947 ) was the founder of the Ford Motor Company . He was one of the first to apply assembly line manufacturing to the mass production of affordable automobiles. Contents Quotes[ edit ] 1910s I don’t know whether Napoleon did or did not try to get across there and I don’t care. I don’t know much about history, and I wouldn’t give a nickel for all the history in the world. It means nothing to me. History is more or less bunk. It's tradition. We don't want tradition. We want to live in the present and the only history that is worth a tinker's dam is the history we make today. Interview in Chicago Tribune (25 May 1916) An idealist is a person who helps other people to be prosperous. Remarks from the witness stand, to a court in Mount Clemens, Michigan (July 1919), as quoted in Thesaurus of Epigrams: A New Classified Collection of Witty Remarks, Bon Mots and Toasts (1948) by Edmund Fuller, p. 162 International financiers are behind all war. They are what is called the international Jew: German-Jews, French-Jews, English-Jews, American-Jews … the Jew is the threat. Henry Ford, quoted in New York World, 1919, as cited in: Martin Allen (2002). Hidden Agenda: How the Duke of Windsor Betrayed the Allies. p. 55-56 1920s So, while the people are indeed supreme over the written Constitution, the spiritual constitution is supreme over them. The French Revolutionists wrote constitutions too—every drunken writer among them tossed off a constitution. Where are they? All vanished. Why? Because they were not in harmony with the constitution of the universe. The power of the Constitution is not dependent on any Government, but on its inherent rightness and practicability. Henry Ford (1922). Ford Ideals: Being a Selection from "Mr. Ford's Page" in The Dearborn Independent. p. 323; as cited in: William A. Levinson, Henry Ford, Samuel Crowther. The Expanded and Annotated My Life and Work: Henry Ford's Universal Code for World-Class Success. CRC Press, 2013. p. xxix I've never made a flight in an airplane, and I don't know that I'm particularly anxious to. I would, though, like to take a trip in a dirigible . Bring one out here some time, won't you, Doctor Eckener , and give me a ride? Raymond J. Brown. " Henry Ford Says, 'There Is Always Room for More' ," in: Popular Science, Vol. 106, nr. 2 (Feb 1925), p. 37 I adopted the theory of Reincarnation when I was twenty six. Religion offered nothing to the point. Even work could not give me complete satisfaction. Work is futile if we cannot utilise the experience we collect in one life in the next. When I discovered Reincarnation it was as if I had found a universal plan. I realised that there was a chance to work out my ideas. Time was no longer limited. I was no longer a slave to the hands of the clock. Genius is experience. Some seem to think that it is a gift or talent, but it is the fruit of long experience in many lives. Some are older souls than others, and so they know more. The discovery of Reincarnation put my mind at ease. If you preserve a record of this conversation, write it so that it puts men’s minds at ease. I would like to communicate to others the calmness that the long view of life gives to us. Interview in the San Francisco Examiner (26 August 1928) There's just one thing that's permanent in this world, and that's change . And when a man gets too old to change, why, then, he dies. And after that, who knows? Do we go on somewhere else? We'd all like to think so; it seems sometimes as though something inside us was telling us that we do. But if we do live on, then one thing is sure: The fellows who are afraid all the time that they may lose what they've got will lose out over there just the way they lose out here. And the big prizes will keep right on going to the fellows who do their duty and have faith. That's all there is to happ
Who described a cauliflower as a cabbage with a college education	Cauliflower is nothing but cabbage with a college education. - Mark Twain - BrainyQuote Cauliflower is nothing but cabbage with a college education. Find on Amazon: Mark Twain Cite this Page: Citation
Which Roman road ran from Chester to Dover	Romano-British Kent - Roads - V.C.H. of Kent - Vol. 3 Page 135 KENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY -- RESEARCH Studying and sharing Kent's past Homepage Victoria County History of Kent Vol. 3 1932 - Romano-British Kent - Roads - Page 135 The course of the road from Dover to Canterbury, a distance of 14 miles according to the Antonine Itinerary, is by River and Temple Ewell to Lydden, where the modern road branches to the west. Harris, in 1719, saw the Roman road in several places north of Lydden, and the route can then be traced by alignment and parish boundaries to Barham Downs, where Stukeley described it as a high ridge of flint and chalk in use as the common road. Beyond Mileï¿½ stone Farm, the modern road bends eastward, and the course of the Roman road, followed by a parish boundary, continues past the ï¿½Gateï¿½ Inn to Canterbury, where it entered probably on the site of the Riding Gate. Dover and Richborough were in communication by a road running almost in a straight line through Pineham, Napchester, Studdal, Betteshanger, Eastry and Woodnesborough. For the most part of the way it is now just a track, followed for long stretches by parish boundaries, but for a mile at Eastry it coincides with the main road. North of Woodnesborough the road disappears (except perhaps for a short stretch near Fleet Farm); possibly it joined the Richborough to Canterbury road near Cooper Street, close to the causeway or bridge that ran between the island of Richborough and the mainland (see p. 35). This causeway carried a road from Richborough to Canterbury, passing eastward of Ickham. Its line cannot definitely be traced, though the road is indicated in the Antonine Itinerary, but it seems likely that the straight stretch of road, west of Littlebourne, from Oldridge Wood past St. Martinï¿½s Church to Canterbury is part of it. There are traces of an earthwork in Fishpoolhill Wood on the south side of the road and close to Oldridge Wood. It has been suggested by Mr. S. E. Winbolt2 that at Ash the road branches northï¿½east to Cooper Street, meeting the Richborough causeway at Fleet Farm. Another road that is now hard to trace ran from Canterbury to Reculver; its course may have been via Fordwich3 (there is now a footpath from Fordwich to Canterbury that may represent it), where the Stour was crossed, Buckwell, Maypole, and Hillborough to Reculver. It would not have been impossible for the Romans to have constructed a road between Richborough and Reculver, but it would have been an enormous task and scarcely worth the trouble; the only practicable route would have been by way of Chislet, Upstreet, and Grove on the banks of the Wantsum Channel, and then at least three waterways would have had to be negotiated. The course of the Stone Street from Lympne to Canterbury, a distance of 16 miles according to the Itinerary, is uncertain for the first part, but its line can be found at Shipway Cross in a footpath to New Inn Green; it then proceeds by Westenhanger Racecourse to the junction of the road to Postling. Here it leaves its straight alignment and bends eastward, apparently to secure an easier gradient up a hill rising to 6oo ft., and more protection from any attack from the high ground to the north. For the next 10 miles it runs in a cont'd from page 134b the only road really entitled to be called Watling Street, doubtless being so designated (or Wading) in the Saxon Age. All other ï¿½Wading Streetsï¿½ have been so named by different generations of antiquaries. The ancient name of the Kentish London Road seems to have been Casincg Street. See F. Haverfield, Chester Arch. Journ. vi, 40, 249, Encyci. Brit.11th. ed. s.v. ï¿½Wading Street,ï¿½ and The Roman occupation of Britain (1924), p. 64. Hist. Mons. Comm. Inventory of
What is the name of the dress worn by Chinese women with the long split in the side	Cheongsam: Chinese Dress, Qipao ,Chinese jacket, Custom made dress, Chinese Clothing, Chinese Gift See More> The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys a growing popularity in the international world of high fashion. The name "cheongsam," meaning simply "long dress," entered the English vocabulary from the dialect of China's Guangdong Province (Cantonese). In other parts of the country including Beijing, however, it is known as "qipao", which has a history behind it. When the early Manchu rulers came to China proper, they organized certain people, mainly Manchus, into "banners" (qi) and called them "banner people" (qiren), which then became loosely the name of all Manchus. The Manchu women wore normally a one-piece dress which, likewise, came to be called "qipao" or "banner dress." Although the 1911 Revolution toppled the rule of the Qing (Manchu) Dynasty, the female dress survived the political change and, with later improvements, has become the traditional dress for Chinese women. Easy to slip on and comfortable to wear, the cheongsam fits well the female Chinese figure. Its neck is high, collar closed, and its sleeves may be either short, medium or full length, depending on season and taste. The dress is buttoned on the right side, with a loose chest, a fitting waist, and slits up from the sides, all of which combine to set off the beauty of the female shape. The cheongsam is not too complicated to make. Nor does it call for too much material, for there are no accessories like belts, scarves, sashes or frills to go with it. Another beauty of the cheongsam is that, made of different materials and to varying lengths, they can be worn either on casual or formal occasions. In either case, it creates an impression of simple and quiet charm, elegance and neatness. No wonder it is so much liked by women not only of China but of foreign countries as well.
What is the official religion of Benin (formerly Dahomey)	Benin country profile - BBC News BBC News Close share panel Benin, formerly known as Dahomey, is one of Africa's most stable democracies. Benin's shore includes what used to be known as the Slave Coast, the departure point for captives to be shipped across the Atlantic. Elements of the culture and religion brought by slaves from the area are still present in the Americas, including voodoo - which has made a comeback in Benin and is even celebrated at the country's annual Voodoo Day. On the economic side, however, the picture is less bright - Benin is severely underdeveloped, and corruption is rife. While the country has experienced economic growth over the past few years and is one of Africa's largest cotton producers, it ranks among the world's poorest countries. To the north, there have been sporadic clashes along Benin's border with Burkina Faso. The trouble has been blamed on land disputes between rival communities on either side of the border. Read more country profiles - Profiles by BBC Monitoring FACTS President: Patrice Talon Image copyright AFP Businessman Patrice Talon, known as the "king of cotton", won the 2016 presidential election in a run-off vote in March. In the first round of the election earlier in the month, Mr Talon came second to Prime Minister Lionel Zinsou, the candidate of the ruling party, who also had the backing of President Boni Yayi. In the run-off, Mr Talon got 65% of the votes while Mr Zinsou secured 35%. Mr Talon was formerly a close ally of the outgoing president, and financed his campaigns for the 2006 and 2011 elections. He fled to France after being accused of involvement in a plot to poison Mr Boni Yayi in 2012 - an allegation he strongly denies. Mr Talon received a presidential pardon in May 2014 and returned from exile in October 2015. On taking up his post in April 2016, he pledged to make tackling terrorism and cross-border crime a priority area, and to strive to promote national unity. According to the Benin constitution, the president holds executive powers and heads the government and the armed forces. MEDIA Image copyright Getty Images The International Press Institute (IPI) says Benin has one of the region's "most vibrant media landscapes". According to US-based NGO Freedom House, "a pluralistic and frequently-politicised press publishes articles that are highly critical of government and opposition party leaders." Harsh libel laws have been used against journalists. The authorities have suspended newspapers over material deemed to be offensive. Poverty, poor infrastructure and a small advertising market translate into patchy newsgathering and inadequate newspaper distribution, especially in the countryside. Some key dates in Benin's history: Image copyright Getty Images Image caption Mathieu Kerekou, pictured in 1972, seized power and served two lengthy, non-consecutive terms 1600-1894 - Dahomey was an African kingdom known for its military discipline and powerful arms. Defeated by the French in 1894, it became a self-governing part of the French Community in 1958. 1960 - Dahomey gains independence and is admitted to the UN. Elections won by the Parti Dahomeen de L'Unite. Party leader Hubert Maga becomes country's first president. He is removed by the army's Chief of Staff, Colonel Christophe Soglo. In the next several years, the heads of state change several times. 1972 - Major Mathieu Kerekou seizes power. He remains in power until he is voted out in 1991. 1975 - Dahomey is renamed the People's Republic of Benin. 1989 - Anti-government strikes and demonstrations take place, continuing until 1990 until President Kerekou meets dissident leaders. Agreement on constitutional reform and multi-candidate presidential elections is reached. 1996 - Mathieu Kerekou wins presidential polls. 2004 - Benin, Nigeria agree to redraw their mutual border. 2006 - Political newcomer Yayi Boni, running as an independent, wins the run-off vote in presidential elections. The incumbent, Mathieu Kerekou, is barred from the poll under a constitutional age limit. 2009 - Benin announces discovery of
Which men’s magazine was originally going to be called Stag Party	'Playboy' was originally called 'Stag Party' - News18 'Playboy' was originally called 'Stag Party' First published: September 20, 2012, 8:48 PM IST \| Updated: September 20, 2012 The first issue of the magazine was published in 1953, and featured screen goddess Marilyn Monroe. New Delhi: Playboy chief Hugh Hefner says initially he wanted to call his world-famous magazine Stag Party but decided to change it to Playboy at the last minute. It was Hefner's associate Eldon Sellers who suggested the title Playboy, the 86-year-old revealed in an interview to legendary tennis player Vijay Amritraj on CNN IBN's show 'Dimensions'. "I wasn't going to call the magazine Playboy. I wanted to call the magazine Stag Party, influenced by a cartoon book that I had. I was looking for a male figure of some kind and I thought of an animal in tuxedo will set us apart," Hefner told Amritraj during a conversation at the Los Angeles-based Playboy mansion. "At the very last minute I got a letter from the lawyer of Stag magazine saying that it was an infringement on their title. I was literally about a month from publishing date and I was already having second thoughts about the title. So at the very last minute changed the name and changed the image and called it Playboy and rest as you say is history," he added. The interview will be aired Saturday, with a repeat telecast Sunday. Playboy is a US men's magazine. It is popular for boldly featuring photographs of nude women, apart from regular articles and stories. The first issue of the magazine was published in 1953, and featured screen goddess Marilyn Monroe.
What top-selling UK newspaper was produced on Sundays for the first time in 2012	» Newspapers: By the Numbers Newspapers: By the Numbers By Rick Edmonds of the Poynter Institute, Emily Guskin, Tom Rosenstiel and Amy Mitchell of PEJ “By the Numbers” houses a comprehensive set of charts and tables telling the story of each media sector. For a narrative summary, visit the corresponding essay . Revenue Rapidly declining advertising revenues continue to be the industry’s core problem. The losses in 2011 were slightly worse than those of 2010 – 7.3% compared to 6.3%. Ad revenues are now less than half what they were in 2006. SEE FULL DATA SET Online revenues have started growing again and now exceed their previous peak in 2007. Print losses far exceed online gains. For 2011, the ratio was more than roughly 10 to 1. In 2006, online revenues were still growing quickly and covered about 80% of print losses. Then in the 2008-2009 recession online flattened and fell slightly. For the last two years, revenue lost in print is nowhere close to being replaced by digital gains. SEE FULL DATA SET This chart shows newspaper organizations battling with pure-play internet companies like Google or Monster for share of local online revenues. Other platforms have much lower market share. Newspapers held the leading position early in the 2000s. Then, beginning in 2006 when online growth stalled (see previous chart), pure plays quickly took the leading share. Forecaster Gordon Borrell sees the relative shares steadying the last couple of years and the possibility that newspapers will grow more quickly in 2012 and beyond. SEE FULL DATA SET Circulation revenues have declined much more slowly than in advertising, only about 10% since 2003. As a result, circulation’s share of total revenues has risen from less than 20% early in the decade to almost 30% in 2009. Statistics for 2010 and 2011 are not available, but several public companies have reported small declines. So the total has probably dipped below $10 billion. SEE FULL DATA SET Operating margins earnings are only about half what they were in 2000. (The decline in actual profits is much larger since revenues have fallen so sharply). When interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization and special charges are factored in, companies are posting net earning margins averaging around 5%. Some recorded a net loss in 2011. SEE FULL DATA SET After a two-year rally, newspaper stock prices were down in 2011. Investors were disappointed in continued ad revenue declines, and in some cases worried about excessive debt. Companies are now trading at one-half to less than one-tenth of their mid-decade peak price. SEE FULL DATA SET Audience Newspapers continued a string of declining circulation for 17 consecutive six-month periods as measured by the Audit Bureau of Circulations. But, possibly influenced by new audit rules, 2011 was a second straight year of more moderate losses. Sunday edition circulation, moved close to staying even, and some papers showed gains. SEE FULL DATA SET This 20-year view shows a steady slide in paid circulation. Daily circulation, which stood at 62.3 million in 1990, fell to 43.4 million in 2010, a decline of 30%. Sunday circulation fell by about the same percentage, though Sunday editions have performed better than daily the last two years. Figures for 2011 are not available. In 1990, evening papers, which began to decline in the 1970s, made up about a third of daily circulation. In 2009, it was just over a tenth. SEE FULL DATA SET Newspaper website audiences grew by 7.4% as measured by unique visitors from December 2010 compared with December 2011. However pages viewed and average minutes per visit were both down slightly – perhaps influenced by the introduction of online pay walls at some newspaper organizations. New auditing rules make year-to-year comparisons unreliable, but the rank order of the top 25 papers by circulation has changed little. The Wall Street Journal retains the top spot, followed by USA Today and The New York Times. The Journal benefits from having more than 400,000 digital subscribers counted in its paid total, more than any other Amer
What is the oldest English Sunday newspaper	History of Newspapers by the NMA William Caxton sets up the first English printing press in Westminster. 1549 First known English newsletter: Requests of the Devonshyre and Cornyshe Rebelles. 1621 First titled newspaper, Corante, published in London. 1649 Cromwell suppressed all newsbooks on the eve of Charles I's execution. 1690 Worcester Postman launched. (In 1709 it starts regular publication as Berrow's Worcester Journal, considered to be the oldest surviving English newspaper). 1702 Launch of the first regular daily newspaper: The Daily Courant. 1709 First Copyright Act; Berrow's Worcester Journal, considered the oldest surviving English newspaper, started regular publication. 1712 First Stamp Act; advertisement, paper and stamp duties condemned as taxes on knowledge. Stamford Mercury believed to have been launched. 1717 The Kentish Post and Canterbury Newsletter launched. It took on its current name, Kentish Gazette, in 1768. 1718 Leeds Mercury started (later merged into Yorkshire Post). 1737 Belfast News Letter founded (world's oldest surviving daily newspaper). 1748 Aberdeen Journal began (Scotland's oldest newspaper - now the Press & Journal). 1772 Hampshire Chronicle launched, Hampshire's oldest paper. 1788 Daily Universal Register (est. 1785) became The Times. 1791 Harmsworth (then Northcliffe) bought The Observer. 1906 Newspaper Proprietors Association founded for national dailies. 1907 National Union of Journalists founded as a wage-earners union. 1915 Rothermere launched Sunday Pictorial (later Sunday Mirror). 1922 Death of Northcliffe. Control of Associated Newspapers passed to Rothermere. 1928 Northcliffe Newspapers set up as a subsidiary of Associated Newspapers. Provincial Newspapers set up as a subsidiary of United Newspapers. 1931 Audit Bureau of Circulations formed. 1936 Britain's first colour advertisement appears (in Glasgow's Daily Record). 1944 Iliffe took over BPM Holdings (including Birmingham Post). 1946 Guild of British Newspaper Editors formed (now the Society of Editors). 1953 General Council of the Press established. 1955 Month-long national press strike. Daily Record acquired by Mirror Group. 1959 Manchester Guardian becomes The Guardian. Six-week regional press printing strike. 1960 Photocomposition and web-offset printing progressively introduced. 1964 The Sun launched, replacing Daily Herald. Death of Beaverbrook. General Council of the Press reformed as the Press Council. 1969 Murdoch's News International acquired The Sun and News of the World. 1976 Nottingham Evening Post is Britain's first newspaper to start direct input by journalists. 1978 The Times and The Sunday Times ceased publication for 11 months. 1980 Association of Free Newspaper founded (folded 1991). Regional Newspaper Advertising Bureau formed. 1981 News International acquired The Times and the Sunday Times. 1983 Industrial dispute at Eddie Shah's Messenger group plant at Warrington. 1984 Mirror Group sold by Reed to Maxwell (Pergamon). First free daily newspaper, the (Birmingham) Daily News, launched by husband & wife team Chris & Pat Bullivant. 1986 News International moved titles to a new plant at Wapping. Eddie Shah launchedToday, first colour national daily launched. The Independent launched. 1987 News International took over Today. 1988 RNAB folded. Newspaper Society launched PressAd as its commercial arm. Thomson launched Scotland on Sunday and Sunday Life. 1989 Last Fleet Streetpaper produced by Sunday Express. 1990 First Calcutt report on Privacy and Related Matters. Launch of The European (by Maxwell) and Independent on Sunday. 1991 Press Complaints Commission replaced the Press Council. AFN folded. Death of Robert Maxwell (November). Management buy-out of Birmingham Post and sister titles. Midland Independent Newspapers established. 1992 Management buy-out by Caledonian Newspapers of Lonrho's Glasgow titles, The Herald and Evening Times. 1993 Guardian Media Group bought The Observer. UK News set up by Northcliffe and Westminster Press as rival news agency to the Press Association. Second Calcutt report into s
Which American magazine calls itself the Bible of Boxing	Boxing News - boxing news, results, rankings, schedules since 1909 Boxing News ‘Muhammad Ali did things nobody else could do’ In his own words Henry Cooper told Boxing News what it was like to face Muhammad Ali Next fight set for Boy Jones Boy Jones will be boxing at York Hall February 24 EXCLUSIVE Christian Hammer: ‘Against David Price I will show that I am... Christian Hammer tells James Slater he wants redemption against David Price Renold Quinlan: ‘I’m here to beat Chris Eubank Jr, then I want... Renold Quinlan is coming to the UK for the Chris Eubank Jr fight Boxing Schedule Robbie Davies Jnr v Willie Limond Neil Marsh Promotions & Poxon Sports Sat, 28 Jan MGM Grand, Las Vegas, Nevada (Showtime) Carl Frampton (holder) v Leo Santa Cruz (WBA featherweight title) Ringstar Sports & Cyclone Promotions Anthony Mundine v Danny Green. Sat, 4 Feb Paul Hyland Jnr v s/o Mark H Dunlop Adam Hague v Lee Connelly Kieran Farrell Lenny Daws v Anthony Yigit (European super-lightweight title). Hennessy Sports Roy Jones Jnr v Bobby Gunn David Feldman Promotions Fenton Manor Sports Complex, Stoke-on-Trent Nathan Gorman v Adam Machaj (vacant English heavyweight title). Hatton Promotions Jazza Dickens (holder) v Thomas Patrick Ward (British super-bantamweight title). Queensbury Promotions Matt Christie pays tribute to the enduring greatness of Muhammad Ali Related WATCH Francisco Vargas highlight reel http://www.boxingnewsonline.net/watch-francisco-vargas-highlight-reel/ VIDEO On this day Deontay Wilder won the WBC heavyweight title http://www.boxingnewsonline.net/video-on-this-day-deontay-wilder-won-the-wbc-heavyweight-title/ Two years ago Deontay Wilder defeated Bermane Stiverne to win his world title. Watch a clip here VIDEO Jorge Linares: ‘I no longer have the luxury these days to lose’ http://www.boxingnewsonline.net/video-jorge-linares-i-no-longer-have-the-luxury-these-days-to-lose/ WATCH Joshua Buatsi: ‘My game is when no one is watching’ http://www.boxingnewsonline.net/watch-joshua-buatsi-my-game-is-when-no-one-is-watching/ Behind the scenes Joshua Buatsi is hard at work. Film by Chris Lloyd and Media Mayhem TV VIDEO David Haye: ‘I’m better now than I’ve ever been’ http://www.boxingnewsonline.net/video-david-haye-im-better-than-ive-ever-been/ 2 days ago George Gigney PHOTOS Gennady Golovkin and Danny Jacobs head to head in New York City Gennady Golovkin and Danny Jacobs host kick-off press conference at Madison Square Garden PHOTOS Miguel Cotto and James Kirkland New York press conference Five-time world champion Miguel Cotto and opponent James Kirkland host the media in New York PHOTOS Bernard Hopkins Philadelphia workout Bernard Hopkins also honoured by Philadelphia Mayor Jim Kenney PHOTOS Vasyl Lomachenko and Nicholas Walters hit the scales Vasyl Lomachenko and Nicholas Walters: official weights PHOTOS Canelo Alvarez breaks down resilient Liam Smith Canelo sickens Liam Smith with painful bodyshot in Texas plus all the undercard action New Issue: James DeGale vs Badou Jack preview Previews: In his own words Henry Cooper told Boxing... Read Article About Boxing News Boxing News sits at the heart of the boxing scene. We want to share with you our passion by guiding you through the world of boxing, share our ringside seats and experiences, to listen to your opinions as we form our own, and to retain the integrity and excitement that seduces boxing fans around the world. Boxing News was founded in 1909 by original editor John Murray as, simply, Boxing. Murray had been a regular contributor to Health & Strength magazine and convinced its owner, Bill Berry (later Lord Camrose) to launch a weekly magazine dedicated solely to boxing. It is believed Murray had been inspired by Jack Johnson beating Tommy Burns to become the first black World heavyweight champion. In his first editorial, Murray stated, "Boxing will stand for good clean sport. Its success of failure is in the hands of those who believe in sport of this character. Our energies will be devoted to giving the best paper that time, thought and mon
What was the name of the hit theme from the Van Der Valk T.V. series	VAN DER VALK THEME (EYE LEVEL) by the SIMON PARK ORCHESTRA.wmv - YouTube VAN DER VALK THEME (EYE LEVEL) by the SIMON PARK ORCHESTRA.wmv Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Oct 2, 2011 The Theme track from the 70s detective series. The title role played by Barry Foster. Played here by The Simon Park Orchestra. Category
Who were the first vocal group to top the UK charts way back in the 50's	The UK Number Ones : 1950s Sheet Music Sales Week Ending SONG TITLE Notable Recording(s) + Artist Links Weeks COMMENT 7 Jan 1950 You're Breaking My Heart Ink Spots 2 They were a top close-harmony singing act of black Americans. 21 Jan 1950 Hop Scotch Polka Billy Whitlock 1 Whitlock wrote the piece with that title, but called it "Scotch Hot" on the recording! 28 Jan 1950 The Harry Lime Theme Anton Karas 4 (Returned for 3 weeks from w/e 18/2/50) Famed theme from the spy film "The Third Man", starring Orson Welles. The theme was composed by the performer. 4 Feb 1950 Dear Hearts And Gentle People 1: Dinah Shore Song was a radio favourite on the "Billy Cotton Band Show". 11 Mar 1950 Music! Music! Music! Teresa Brewer 6 First major hit for the girl from Ohio. She later did badly against UK cover versions. 22 Apr 1950 (If I Knew You Were Comin') I'd've Baked A Cake Eve Young & The Homesteaders 1 Another happy-go-lucky radio favourite which Billy Cotton helped to popularise. 29 Apr 1950 My Foolish Heart Billy Eckstine 11 He was a deep-voiced star from the 1930s, still very popular throughout the 50s. 8 Jul 1950 Bewitched (Bothered and Bewildered) 1: Doris Day Written by Rodgers & Hart. Recorded by Doris Day in 1949. 9 Sep 1950 Silver Dollar (Roll, Roll, Roll) Eve Young & The Homesteaders 7 Similar style to Eve's previous hit, got the musicians buying again. 28 Oct 1950 Goodnight Irene 1: Frank Sinatra 2: Jo Stafford 4 A version by the Gordon Jenkins Orch was at no 1 in the US for 13 weeks. 25 Nov 1950 Rudolph The Red-nosed Reindeer 1: Gene Autry Christmas song that has remained ever popular since. 6 Jan 1951 I Taut I Taw A Puddy Tat Mel Blanc 3 Based on a line from the Tweetie Pie cartoons. Mel was the cartoon voice. 27 Jan 1951 Beloved, Be Faithful 1: Teddy Johnson Both of these were top British balladeers of their time. 3 Feb 1951 The Petite Waltz 1: Anne Shelton At this time, the most popular dance by far was the waltz. 17 Feb 1951 The Tennessee Waltz 1: Patti Page 2: Anita O'Day 9 The US country music star (Patti Page) battled it out in the UK with a jazz music star (Anita O'Day) a country music waltz. 21 Apr 1951 Mockin' Bird Hill Les Paul & Mary Ford 10 They were of multi-track recording and amplified electric guitars. 30 Jun 1951 With These Hands Nelson Eddy & Jo Stafford 3 Hits for Shirley Bassey in 1960 and Tom Jones in 1965. 21 Jul 1951 My Resistance Is Low Hoagy Carmichael 4 Written by the singer. Hit for Robin Sarstedt in 1976. Cole's version is now best known, but it was Young's first major success. 10 Nov 1951 Longing For You Teresa Brewer 11 Melody based on the classical piece "Waltz Dream" by Oscar Straus. 12 Jan 1952 The Loveliest Night Of The Year 1: Mario Lanza Was on the chart for a record 32 weeks before making No 1. 23 Feb 1952 There's Always Room At Our House Guy Mitchell 4 First major recording for this US singing star. 22 Mar 1952 Unforgettable Nat 'King' Cole 10 All-time Nat 'King' Cole classic. 24 May 1952 A-round The Corner Jo Stafford 3 She was the most popular American female singer in the UK at this time. 14 Jun 1952 Auf Wiederseh'n Sweetheart Vera Lynn 10 Immensely popular with people who remembered the war years. 23 Aug 1952 The Homing Waltz 1: Vera Lynn Successive No 1s for Vera Lynn recordings. 25 Oct 1952 Here In My Heart Al Martino 8 Became the first No 1 on the record-sales chart. 27 Dec 1952 You Belong To Me 1: Jo Stafford It was Jo Stafford's version that topped the infant records chart. 7 Feb 1953 Don't Let The Stars Get In Your Eyes Perry Como 1 Como's version topped the record charts in UK and US. 14 Feb 1953 Broken Wings 1: Stargazers 2: Dickie Valentine 3: Art & Dottie Todd 6 These three versions were UK hits, but the Stargazers took it to No 1 in the records chart. 28 Mar 1953 (How Much Is) That Doggie In The Window 1: Patti Page Both UK record hits, but Lita Roza made it to the top. 9 May 1953 In A Golden Coach 1: Billy Cotton Band Celebrating the c
What was the Shadows last number one	Instrumental #1s - ukcharts.20m.com ukcharts.20m.com Instrumentals at Number One Commentary by Theo Morgan-Gan Over the years, 24 instrumentals have topped the charts. Russ Conway, Eddie Calvert and Winifred Atwell have done it twice, and the Shadows have done it a whopping five times. That's right no singing just instruments or in the case of the last two, just computer aided plain dance music. --1-- THE SONG FROM MOULIN ROUGE - Mantovani and his Orchestra 14 August 1953 for 1 week The first instrumental track to claim the top spot did so for just one week, and was taken from the film Moulin Rouge. Annunzio Paolo Mantovani was born in Italy on 15 November 1905. He moved to England at the age of 16 with his parents. In the 1930s he formed his own orchestra, which began to be known for its 'cascading strings', and in the 1940s started formally recording with the legendary Decca label. He soon became as popular on record as he had been on radio. He recorded a US-aimed album in 1951, and a song from that album, 'Charmaine' reached the US Top 10 and sold a million copies. His first hit in Britain was a version of White Christmas, which hit #6 over Christmas of 1952 and spent three weeks on the chart. In 1953, with still enduring popularity, his version of the theme from Moulin Rouge, which starred Josï¿½ Ferrer as French painter Henri de Toulouse Lautrec on his knees, eventually hit #1 in its twelfth week. The song spent a lengthy 21 weeks on chart on its first run. It re-entered at #10 in November for one week, and a month later in December it spent a week at the bottom of the chart (#12). Percy Faith had the biggest hit version in America, but Mantovani once again hit the 10 and both versions sold a million. The orchestra went on to have a few more hits, until 1957, when the machine stopped. Mantovani, who backed David Whitfield on most of his recordings, died on 31 March 1981. --2-- OH MEIN PAPA Eddie Calvert 8 January 1954 for 9 weeks The instrumental with the most weeks on top. 'The Man With The Golden Trumpet', Eddie Calvert was born 13 March 1922, Lancashire, UK and was the first British instrumentalist to score two #1s and to earn a US gold disc. Trumpeter Eddie Calvert's version of schmaltzy song Oh Mein Papa hit #1 in its fourth week on chart and was a soaraway success. Eddie Fisher recorded a fully vocal version, but for some this was far too emotional for them. Calvert's purely instrumental version was the perfect answer. Fisher had to make do with #9 here, while the roles were reversed in the States; Fisher's version hit the top, and Calvert's could only peak at #6. This was also a monumental #1 of sorts the first of what has come to be at least 75 #1s to be recorded at the now legendary Abbey Road studios. Eddie Calvert died on 7 August 1978 in South Africa. --3-- LET'S HAVE ANOTHER PARTY Winifred Atwell 3 December 1954 for 5 weeks This was the sixth hit for 'Queen of the Ivories' Winifred Atwell, whose series of popular hit piano medleys gave her 117 weeks on chart. Born on 27 April 1914 in Tunapuna, Trinidad, Atwell was the first black artist to top the chart. The chart-topping medley hit the summit in its second week, and is comprised of the songs: Another Little Drink Won't Do Us Any Harm, Broken Doll, Bye Bye Blackbird, Honeysuckle and The Bee, I Wonder Where My Baby Is Tonight, Lily of Laguna, Nellie Dean, Sheik of Araby, Somebody Stole My Gal, When The Red Robin (Comes Bob Bob Bobbin' Along). --4-- CHERRY PINK AND APPLE BLOSSOM WHITE Perez Prado 29 April 1955 for 2 weeks Demez Perez Prado was born in Cuba on 11 December 1916 and began to lead a Havana-based orchestra in the pre-Fidel Castro days, the Orquestra Casino de la Playa. He first recorded this song in 1951. In 1955, he was called upon to re-record it. Why? The makers of new film Underwater, starring Jane Russell, wanted it as their theme. He agreed, and the single hit #1 in its fsixth week on the British charts. It was even bigger in the States, where
Tracey Thorn and Ben Watt were which pop duo	Romany and Tom by Ben Watt – review \| Books \| The Guardian Romany and Tom by Ben Watt – review Ben Watt's vivid memoir about his bohemian parents captures their decline and the people they once were Ben Watt with his mother, Romany, in Barnes, west London in 1969. Share on Messenger Close Most famous for being one half of pop duo Everything But the Girl with his wife, Tracey Thorn, musician and DJ Ben Watt has plunged into his past before. In 1996, he wrote Patient , documenting his battle with Churg-Strauss syndrome, an autoimmune disease that often proves fatal. In short, perfect misery memoir stuff. But Watt's prose was different – elegant, crisp and clean. His approach to tough subjects was also unflinchingly unsentimental. His second book, a memoir about and named after his parents, has a similar tone. Fans of Watt's music will recognise its mood: melancholic, but with a definite edge. Romany and Tom's story begins near its end. It's May 2006, and Tommy Watt , Ben's father, now 80, is in hospital. The wearing details of age are on display: a pyjama jacket "misbuttoned and stretched open", his breathing "a flimsy wheeze of air". Memories creep into Watt's mind of childhood holiday weekends as he watches his father: "empty motor-oil bottles on the tideline, a stretch of beach, salt rime, gulls squabbling". The past keeps invading the present as it inevitably does in times of crisis. Then his mother arrives, prompting other buried memories. Her face has the same look Watt remembers when he himself was in hospital: "half connected and involved; half ready to go home". She's a complicated character, brought to life brilliantly here. This scene also prepares us for the structure of Watt's memoir, which moves between now and then constantly, but dreamily, woozily. Such a timeline should be hard to follow, but it's not. Our hand is always in their son's hand. We slowly discover that Watt's parents were formidable sorts in their prime. Tom was a working-class jazz musician who became a successful band leader, winning an Ivor Novello in the late 50s, and leading the Centre 42 big band in the early 60s. Romany was a Rada-trained actor whose career was cut short during her first marriage; after having her first child, she unexpectedly had triplets. She later became a successful feature writer and broadcaster, before her fortunes, as well as those of her second husband's, slowly trickled away. In Watt's recollections, their later years together are marked by mutual discord and the constant consumption of "large tumblers of brandy, not poured as a shot or even a double, but like full glasses of water". Watt holds back the main mystery about his parents until later on, though – the circumstances under which these very different people came together. This is a difficult thing to pull off, but Watt achieves it, keeping our interest sustained in the rich, raw descriptions of their deteriorating worlds. It's all there in the tiny details Watt captures perfectly: empty fridges, crumpled clothes, the blood pooling on a bathroom floor. He's also good at the lighter moments. Romany's interview with Richard Burton and Liz Taylor shows the joy his mother used to exude, while stories from her life now, dented by dementia, remind us of who she once was. It's hard not to moved by his stories of her at her husband's funeral: "Thank you for a lovely day, whoever you are." When we find out how Romany and Tom got together, however, and how Ben Watt came to be, the effect is like a blow to the heart. Here were two people who were once, inexplicably, deeply in love, who struggled to make everything work, whose past still can't be touched by the son who clearly thought the world of them. Near the end of the book, he writes: "They just let me be to get on with it, working things out for myself." The result of their love, on this evidence, has worked things out very well.
What does the musical term presto mean	Presto - Italian Musical Terms - BPM of Presto By Brandy Kraemer Definition: The Italian musical term presto is an indication to play in a quick, lively tempo ; faster than vivace . BPM of Presto:
Which German battleship was scuttled at the River Plate in 1939	Sinking of German Battleship Graf Spee Newsreel 1939 70700 : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive Sinking of German Battleship Graf Spee Newsreel 1939 70700 Movies Preview Share or Embed this Item EMBED <iframe src="https://archive.org/embed/70700SinkingOfTheGrafSpee" width="560" height="384" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" allowfullscreen></iframe> EMBED (for wordpress.com hosted blogs) [archiveorg 70700SinkingOfTheGrafSpee width=560 height=384 frameborder=0 webkitallowfullscreen=true mozallowfullscreen=true] movies Sinking of German Battleship Graf Spee Newsreel 1939 70700 Topics Kriegsmarine , Graf Spee , River Plate , Uruguay , Montevideo , Royal Navy , Nazi Germany , cruiser , battleship , German navy This 1939 sound newsreel vividly shows the sinking of the German heavy cruiser Admiral Graf Spee. Admiral Graf Spee was a Deutschland-class heavy cruiser (originally termed Panzerschiff or armoured ship, sometimes referred to as "pocket battleship") which served with the Kriegsmarine of Nazi Germany during World War II. The vessel was named after Admiral Maximilian von Spee, commander of the East Asia Squadron that fought the battles of Coronel and Falkland Islands in World War I. She was laid down at the Reichsmarinewerft shipyard in Wilhelmshaven in October 1932 and completed by January 1936. The ship was nominally under the 10,000 long tons (10,000 t) limitation on warship size imposed by the Treaty of Versailles, though with a full load displacement of 16,020 long tons (16,280 t), she significantly exceeded it. Armed with six 28 cm (11 in) guns in two triple gun turrets, Admiral Graf Spee and her sisters were designed to outgun any cruiser fast enough to catch them. Their top speed of 28 kn (52 km/h; 32 mph) left only a handful of ships in the Anglo-French navies able to catch them and powerful enough to sink them. The ship conducted five non-intervention patrols during the Spanish Civil War in 1936–1938, and participated in the Coronation Review for King George VI in May 1937. Admiral Graf Spee was deployed to the South Atlantic in the weeks before the outbreak of World War II, to be positioned in merchant sea lanes once war was declared. Between September and December 1939, the ship sank nine ships totaling 50,089 gross register tons (GRT), before being confronted by three British cruisers at the Battle of the River Plate on 13 December. Admiral Graf Spee inflicted heavy damage on the British ships, but she too was damaged, and was forced to put into port at Montevideo. Convinced by false reports of superior British naval forces approaching his ship, Hans Langsdorff, the commander of the ship, ordered the vessel to be scuttled. The ship was partially broken up in situ, though part of the ship remains visible above the surface of the water. This film is part of the Periscope Film LLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD and 2K. For more information visit http://www.PeriscopeFilm.com
In which conflict did these three battles occur, Memphis, Antietam and Fredericksburg	» See all American Civil War Articles Civil War Summary: The American Civil War, 1861–1865, resulted from long-standing sectional differences and questions not fully resolved when the United States Constitution was ratified in 1789. With the defeat of the Southern Confederacy and the subsequent passage of the XIII, XIV and XV amendments to the Constitution, the Civil War’s lasting effects include abolishing the institution of slavery in America and firmly redefining the United States as a single, indivisible nation rather than a loosely bound collection of independent states. Milestones It was a war that saw many “firsts.” The long list of Civil War firsts include America’s first income tax, the first battle between ironclad ships, the first extensive use of black soldiers and sailors in U.S. service, the first use of quinine to treat typhoid fever, America’s first military draft, and many others. There were advances in medical treatment, military tactics, the chaplain service, and other fields. Over the course of the Civil War weapons ranged from obsolete flintlocks to state-of-the-art repeaters. During the Civil War, women took on new roles, including running farms and plantations and spying; some disguised themselves as men and fought in battle. All of the nation’s ethnic groups participated in the war, including Irish, Germans, American Indians, Jews, Chinese, Hispanics, etc. Other Names for the Civil War Northerners have also called the Civil War the War to Preserve the Union, the War of the Rebellion (War of the Southern Rebellion), and the War to Make Men Free. Southerners may refer to it as the War Between the States or the War of Northern Aggression. In the decades following the conflict, those who did not wish to upset adherents of either side simply called it The Late Unpleasantness. It is also known as Mr. Lincoln’s War and, less commonly, as Mr. Davis’ War. Troop Strength and Casualties Between April 1861 and April 1865, an estimated 1.5 million troops joined the war on the side of the Union and approximately 1.2 million went into Confederate service. An estimated total of 600,000 were killed in action or died of disease. More than twice that number were wounded but survived at least long enough to muster out. Casualties of the Civil War cannot be calculated exactly, due to missing records (especially on the Southern side) and the inability to determine exactly how many combatants died from wounds, drug addiction, or other war-related causes after leaving the service. An untold number of civilians also perished, primarily from disease as entire towns became hospitals. Naval Battles Most naval actions occurred on rivers and inlets or in harbors, and include history’s first clash between two ironclads, the USS Monitor and CSS Virginia (a captured and converted ship formerly called the Merrimac), at Hampton Roads, Virginia , on March 9, 1862. Other actions include the Battle of Memphis (1862), Charleston Harbor (1863), and Mobile Bay (1864), and the naval sieges of Vicksburg in 1862 and again in 1863. The most famous clash between ocean-going warships was the duel between USS Kearsarge and CSS Alabama off Cherbourg, France, June 19, 1864. Throughout the war, the Union had a decided advantage in both numbers and quality of naval vessels. The War Between The States Begins On April 10, 1861, knowing that resupplies were on their way from the North to the federal garrison at Fort Sumter in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina, provisional Confederate forces in the city demanded the fort’s surrender. The fort’s commander, Major Robert Anderson, refused. On April 12, the Confederates opened fire with cannon. At 2:30 p.m. the following day, Major Anderson surrendered. On April 15, Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers to put down the Southern rebellion, a move that prompted Virginia, Tennessee, Arkansas and North Carolina to reverse themselves and vote in favor of session. (Most of the western section of Virginia rejected the session vote and broke away, ultimately forming a new, Union-loyal state, West Virginia .)
Which country is the maker of the Exocet missile	Exocet Exocet Exocet (8/19/2014) source : http://www.onwar.com/weapons/rocket/thumbs/France_Exocet.jpg The Exocet is a French-built anti-ship missile whose various versions can be launched from surface vessels, submarines, and airplanes. Development began in 1967 as a ship-launched missile named MM 38. The air-launched Exocet was developed in 1974 and entered service with the French Navy five years later. The Exocet missile was designed as an anti-shipping missile. It is guided inertially in mid-flight, and turns on active radar late in its flight to find and hit its target. Several hundred have been fired in combat. The Exocet is currently manufactured by MBDA, a European aerospace company. The Exocet remains in operational use in France and several other countries. Exocet Combat History Falklands War In 1982, during the Falklands War, the Exocet became noted worldwide when Argentine Navy Dassault-Breguet Super Étendard warplanes carrying the AM39 Air Launched version of the Exocet caused irreparable damage which sank the Royal Navy destroyer HMS Sheffield on 4 May 1982. Two Exocets then struck the 15,000 ton merchant ship Atlantic Conveyor on 25 May. Two MM38 ship-to-ship Exocet missiles were removed from the old destroyer ARA Seguí, a retired US Navy Allen M. Sumner-class vessel and transferred to an improvised launcher for land use, a technically challenging task which also required reprogramming. One of these was fired at, and caused damage to, the destroyer HMS Glamorgan on 12 June. The Exocet that struck the Sheffield impacted on the starboard side at deck level 2, travelling through the junior ratings scullery and breaching the Forward Auxiliary Machinery Room/Forward Engine Room bulkhead 2.4 metres (7 ft 10 in) above the waterline, creating a hole in the hull roughly 1.2 by 3 metres (3.9 by 9.8 ft). It appears that the warhead did not explode. Accounts suggest that the initial impact of the missile disabled the ship's electrical distribution systems and breached the pressurised sea water fire main, severely hampering any firefighting response and eventually dooming the ship to be consumed by the fire. The loss of Sheffield was a deep shock to the British public and government. Some of the crew of Sheffield were of the opinion that the missile exploded, others held the view that it had not. The official Royal Navy Board of Inquiry Report, however, stated that evidence indicates that the warhead did not detonate. During the four and a half days that the ship remained afloat, five salvage inspections were made and a number of photographs were taken. Members of the crew were interviewed, and testimony was given by Exocet specialists (the Royal Navy had 15 surface combat ships armed with Exocets in the Falklands War). There was no evidence of an explosion, although burning propellant from the rocket motor had caused a number of fires, which could not be checked as a fire main had been put out of action. The Atlantic Conveyor was a container ship that had been hastily converted to an aircraft transport and was carrying helicopters and supplies. The missiles had been fired at a frigate but had been confused by the frigate's defences and instead targeted the Atlantic Conveyor nearby. The Exocets - it is not certain whether the warheads exploded or not - caused a fire in the fuel and ammunition aboard which burnt the ship out. Atlantic Conveyor sank while under tow three days later. The Exocet that struck Glamorgan detonated, (a number of crew members witnessed this, as did the Argentines who fired it, the whole event being recorded by a film crew), on the port side of the hangar deck, punching a hole in the deck and galley below, causing fires. The missile body traveled into the hangar and caused a fully fueled and armed Wessex helicopter to explode. Prompt action by the officers and men at the helm saved the ship. With less than a minute's warning the incoming missile had been tracked on radar in the operations room and bridge; as the ship was traveling at speed, a turn was ordered to present her stern to the missile.
Which Greek general invaded India in 326 B.C.	Hindu Wisdom - India and Greece c o n t e n t s Indian civilization is distinctive for its antiquity and continuity. Apart from its own vitality, the continuity of Indian civilization is largely due to its ability to adapt to alien ideas, harmonize contradictions and mould new thought patterns. Her constant contacts with the outside world also gave India the opportunity to contribute to other civilizations. Whilst other ancient civilizations have long ceased to exist, Indian civilization has continued to grow despite revolutionary changes. The ancient cultures of Egypt, Mesopotamia and Persia have not survived. But in India today, Hindus seek inspiration from concepts similar to those originally advanced by their ancestors. Jawaharlal Nehru says in his book The Discovery of India " Till recently many European thinkers imagined that everything that was worthwhile had its origins in Greece or Rome. Sir Henry Maine has said somewhere that except the blind forces of nature, nothing moves in this world which is not originally Greek." However, Indian contacts with the Western world date back to prehistoric times. Trade relations, preceded by the migration of peoples, inevitably developed into cultural relations. This view is not only amply supported by both philological and archaeological evidence, but by a vast body of corroborative literary evidence as well: Vedic literature and the Jatakas, Jewish chronicles, and the accounts of Greek historians all suggest contact between India and the West. Taxila was a great center of commerce and learning. "Crowds of eager scholars flowed to it for instruction in the three Vedas and in the eighteen branches of knowledge." Tradition affirms that the great epic, the Mahabharata, was first recited in the city." (An Advance History of India, R. C. Majumdar, H. C. Raychanduri p.64) Buddha is reputed to have studied in Taxila. Pythagorean and Platonic philosophy owe their origin to Indian thought and spirituality. Alexander's raid, which was so significant to Western historians, seemed to have entirely escaped the attention of Sanskrit authors. From the Indian point of view, there was nothing to distinguish his raid in Indian history. Jawaharlal Nehru says, " From a military point of view his invasion, was a minor affair. It was more of a raid across the border, and not a very successful raid at that." Indian Thought and the West Dr. S. Radhakrishnan, has said, "The Europeans are apt to imagine that before the great Greek thinkers, Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, there was a crude confusion of thought, a sort of chaos without form and void. Such a view becomes almost a provincialism when we realize that systems of thought which influenced countless millions of human beings had been elaborated by people who never heard the names of the Greek thinkers." (source: Eastern Religions and Western Thought - By Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan p. 350). There has been too much inclination among Western writers to idealize the Greeks and their civilization, and they have tended to discover too much of the contemporary world in the Greek past. In fact almost everything was traced to ancient Greece. In all that concerned intellectual activity and even faith, modern civilization was considered to be an overgrown colony of Hellas. The obvious Greek failings, their shortcomings and the unhealthy features of their civilization, was rationalized and romanticized. In the words of Sir Charles Eliot, who affirms that "it is clearly absurd for Europe as a whole to pose as a qualified instructor in humanity and civilization. He writes: "If Europeans have any superiority over Asiatics it lies in practical science, finance and administration, not in philosophy, thought or art. Their gifts are authority and power to organize; in other respects their superiority is imaginary." (source: Hinduism and Buddhism - By Sir Charles Elliot Curzon Press ISBN 0700706798 volume I (1920), pp. xcvi and xcviii ) Modern research, however, has marred this comforting image and is helping to put Greek culture into
What type of weapon was the German nebelwerfer	German Nebelwerfer Rocket Mortar - YouTube German Nebelwerfer Rocket Mortar Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. The interactive transcript could not be loaded. Loading... Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Dec 29, 2010 The Nebelwerfer ("Smoke Mortar"[1] literally "Fog thrower") was a World War II German series of weapons originally designed to deliver chemical weapons.[citation needed] They were initially developed by and assigned to the Wehrmacht's so-called Chemical Troops (Nebeltruppen). This weapon was given its name as a disinformation strategy designed to lead spies into thinking that it was merely a device for creating a smoke screen.[citation needed] They were primarily intended to deliver poison gas and smoke shells,[citation needed] although a high-explosive shell was developed for their Nebelwerfers from the beginning. Initially two different mortars were fielded before they were replaced by a variety of rocket launchers ranging in size from 15 to 32 centimetres (5.9 to 13 in). The thin walls of the rockets had the great advantage of allowing much larger quantities of gases, fluids or high-explosive to be delivered than artillery or even mortar shells of the same weight. Nebelwerfers were used in every campaign of the German Army during World War II with the exception of the Balkans Campaign. One rocket was even adapted for air-to-air use against Allied bombers. The name was also used to fool observers from the League of Nations, who were observing any possible infraction of the Treaty of Versailies, from discovering that the weapon could be used for explosive and toxic chemical payloads as well as the smoke rounds the name Nebelwerfer suggests. After the crew had loaded and aimed the launcher, they had to take cover 10 to 15 metres (11 to 16 yd) away to avoid the exhaust flames, and would fire the rockets with an electric switch. After firing, however, a long streak of smoke was visible from a considerable distance, leaving the Nebelwerfer vulnerable to counter-battery fire. It was therefore necessary to relocate the launcher and crew as soon as possible after firing.[12] The loud, shrill howling noise of the incoming rockets led American soldiers in the Sicily campaign to give it the nicknames "Screaming Meemie" and "Moaning Minnie". Category
What is the last field event in the decathlon	decathlon \| athletics \| Britannica.com Decathlon high jump Decathlon, athletic competition lasting two consecutive days in which contestants take part in 10 track-and-field events. It was introduced as a three-day event at the Olympic Games in 1912. Decathlon events are: (first day) 100-metre dash , running long (broad) jump, shot put , high jump , and 400-metre run; (second day) 110-metre hurdles, discus throw , pole vault , javelin throw , and 1,500-metre run. Competitors are scored for their performance in each event according to a table established by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). Bruce Jenner celebrating his decathlon victory at the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal. Tony Duffy/Allsport The table has been changed periodically to keep pace with improvements in world records. The first one was used from 1912 to 1936, while the decathlon was still a three-day event; a second from 1936 to 1950 (with minor revisions in 1952); and a third from 1952 to 1964. All emphasized excellent performances in the individual events. A fourth table in use from 1964 to 1985 and a fifth introduced in 1985 favoured the athlete who could score evenly in all 10 events. The American athlete Jim Thorpe was the first Olympic decathlon champion. Akilles Järvinen of Finland , James Bausch of the United States , and Hans Sievert of Germany were leading competitors under the first table, with Sievert setting the final record of 8,790.46 points in 1934. Glenn Morris of the United States, with a world record of 7,900 points in 1936, and Bob Mathias of the United States, with two Olympic titles and a record of 8,042 points in 1950, excelled under the second table. Mathias also set the first record of 7,887 under the third table in 1952, but this was later broken several times, by Rafer Johnson of the United States, Vasily Kuznetsov of the Soviet Union , and Yang Chuan-kwang of Taiwan , who set the final record of 9,121 points in 1963. Bob Mathias throwing the discus during the decathlon competition at the 1952 Olympic Games in … ©AFP/Getty Images Rafer Johnson participating in the shot put event of the decathlon at the 1960 Olympic Games in … AP Outstanding performers under the fourth table included Bruce Jenner of the United States and Daley Thompson of Great Britain. Dan O’Brien of the United States and Tomàs Dvoràk of the Czech Republic were among the athletes who excelled under the fifth table. Learn More in these related articles:
On which West Indian island was John Barnes born	British West Indies Planters British West Indies Planters history Handbook and Almanac of Jamaica Planters In 1832, before the abolition of slavery there were six hundred and fifty-three sugar estates in cultivation- over 500 coffee plantations. The British Slavery Abolition Act of 1834 provided a grant of £20 million to compensate the owners of all West Indian slaves for the loss of their 'human property!!! ( 20,000,000 ). _______ Allen, Robert, & al., Tryall, 2184 ---Same, Recovery, 326 Allen, Wm. heirs of, Orange Cove, 806 Atkinson, Catherine, Flamstead, 36 Boswell, Jane, heirs of, 10 Binns, Frances, 25 Binns, James K., Barbary Hill, 14 Blagrove, John, Maggotty, 2900 Blagrove, J. W., Orange Bay, 2090 Baird, Margaret, 25 Bowen, Joseph R., Orchard, 957 Brebner, William, Pedro, 148 Buchanan, James, Great River, 15 Buchanan, James, Tillichewen, 66 Buchanan, Jane, Boggy Hill, 33 Buchanan, Sarah, 33 Brown, Elizabeth, Mount Charles, 14 Butter, David, estate of, Graham Hall, 23 Brissett, Sarah E., 10 Brown, John, Hail Weston, 14 Brown, Robert, 50 Brown, Charles, as guardian, Mount Charles, 21 Brown, James R., 21 Barrett, Richard, dec., Harding Hall, 403 Bennett, Thomas, Woodlands, 18 Binham, Eliza Ann, Industry, 25 Barham, Elizabeth, 12 Capon, Benj, heirs of, Caldwall, 640 Campbell, Alexander, Thorn Hill, &c, 245 ---Same, Copse & Beverly, 3185 Campbell, Ann & al., Askinish, 356 Campbell, Dugald, heirs of, Salt Spring, 927 Campbell, John, Rock Spring, 700 Campbell, William, heirs of, New Milns, 1487 Casely, Rachel, Industry, 30 Chisholm, Francis, Rose Hill, 98 Chambers, Alexander, 569 Clarke, W. and J. J., Industry, 1276 Christie, John, Greenwich, 1115 Clarke, Sir Simon H., Fathog Quarter, 549 ---Same, Wood Church, 752 Cooke, William Hilton, Chester Castle, 1600 Costa, Rebecca, Wood Ville, 10 Croll, Ann, dec., Good Hope, 12 Croll, Eliza, 12 Croll, John, Edeavour [sic], 73 Croll, Richard James, Bellfield, 28 Crooks, William James, 60 Croll, William H. estate of, 33 Chisholm, Alexander, Strat Glass, 33 Coltman, Ann & al., 15 Cochran, Geo. & Margaret A., 190 Casely, George W., 10 Campbell, Peter, Lances Bay, 192 Campbell, Elizabeth, Shield, 13 Crooks, Susan, estate of, 15 Crooks, Elizabeth, Ginger Hill, 15 Davis, Anthony, Saxham, 589 Dehany, Williaim K., Point &c, 1933 Duff, James & al., Grange, 712 Dickson William A., Davis' Cove, 32 Deans, James, Wellington, 256 Donaldson, Frances, Mount Pleasant, 53 Dwyer, James, 10 Edwards, Cath. estate of, 42 Ellarde, Mary H., 18 Edney, Ann Theresa, Hope Hall, 30 Freebairn, Robert, 30 Fenton, John, Lewther Cottage, 13 Greig, James, Esher, 715 Gilpin, Henry, Cascade and Dispute, 630 Grant, Alexander, Greenland, 92 Gardiner, Edmund, Flint River, 1057 Garrison, Alice, 15 Goldsworthy, William, Rock Pleasant, 105 Gray, Edward, as guardian, 12 Gladstone, John, Fish River, 2976 Grant, John, Dispensary, 29 Gilmore, Emily C., Bell Burnett, 10 Grant, Rebecca, 11 Gordon, Thomas, & al., Friendship, 18 Grant, James, 33 Gordon, James, as guardian, 10 Hine, Daniel Danis, Montpelier, 324 Hibbert, R. sen. heirs of, Country, 596 ---Same, Great Valley, 4000 Hibbert, Robert, jun., Georgia, 2175 ---Same, Dundee, 640 Heaven, Wm. H., Beans, 569 ---Same, Golden Grove, 1093 Hall, William L., Round Hill, 1334 Hine, James S., Retirement, 52 Hole, William B., Stoodley, 14 Hillman, Abraham, Hills Brook, 400 Harvey, John, Eastbury, 52 Heming, Mary Ann, Belle View, 14 Hudson, Robert, Friendship Grove, 20 Hay, James, Williamsfield, 720 Innes, Philip H., Haughton Hall, 620 Innes, Colin, Hilbride, 10 James, William R., Haughton Tower, 1053 Jackson, Henry, heirs of, Mount Pleasant, 1009 ---Same, Sod Hall, 742 Johnson, George, Cave Valley, 136 Johnson, George R, Whitney, 12 Johnson, Jane, 61 James, Robert, Spring Valley, 20 Jones, Sarah M., Pleasant Hill, 20 Knubley, Simon, estate of, Rockingham, 210 Kenny, William, Inch Valley, 19 Kirkaldy, Wm. estate of, Bower Hall, 50 Leslie, Thomas, Top Hill, 118 Lyon, Jacob, Top Hill, 10 Leith, David, Montrose, 11 Lindsay, Alex. estate of, 99 Leighan, Ann, 13 Lewis, Ann, Walton Hill, 54 M
Which bird was shown on the reverse side of a farthing	farthing \| derrickjknight derrickjknight On a bright, sunny, morning I rambled around the garden, down the lane, along Roger’s footpath and back. From our patio can be seen a rhododendron, geranium palmatums, petunias, foxgloves, and fennel. The centre of the Phantom Path gives a view towards that shown above. We can also see that the clematis Star of India and an unnamed white rose frolic together on the Gothic Arch. This red rose, aptly named Altissimo, climbs between Elizabeth’s bed and the rose garden. a sentinel to the Back Path. The morning sun burns out detail on the right hand side of Downton Lane, glinting on the back of a shade-seeking orange ladybird, just filtering through shrubbery on the left. This gate must have once led into a garden beyond it. Roger is growing barley this year. Across the left hand field a large vessel sedately traversed the horizon as yachts skimmed along a deep blue Christchurch Bay. To my right clouds slid silently over Downton. All I could hear were the strings of countless insects’ wings. The pong of fermenting slurry filled my nostrils. Back home, a far more appetising aroma greeted me. Jackie was preparing a sausage casserole for Sam’s visit tomorrow. I suppose I can defer my gratification until then. This afternoon we planted other flowers, such as heucheras and penstemons into the rose garden, offering some variation. The rose Deep Secret has now revealed all. During my childhood, we used to brighten our copper pennies by rubbing them on the bricks of the school wall. Old bricks, not modern paving ones that don’t crumble into dust on the application of friction. So, when Jackie unearthed a tiny coin encrusted with thick verdigris, I was off in search of an old brick. They are not hard to find in the garden of Old Post House. I cleaned enough to know what a treasure we had found, but, since we were now afraid of scrubbing off any more detail, Jackie finished the job with Hob Brite, a rather gentler abrasive. We had exhumed a small coin, bearing, on the obverse, the somewhat pockmarked head of Queen Victoria; on the reverse, Britannia, the date 1893, and its denomination. So soon after the previous post, we had found a farthing . Serendipity or what? How long had that lain in the soil? Who had dropped it? We will never know. The previous posting featured a wren, which did not appear on the reverse until the pattern coin of Edward VIII (so called because it had not yet been approved by the time of his abdication in 1936). The little bird first replaced Britannia in 1937, during the reign of the father of Queen Elizabeth II, King George VI, who succeeded his older brother. For tonight’s dinner, barbecue sauce flavoured the spare ribs; Jackie’s rice and green beans came with it. She drank Hoegaarden and I slurped Dao. This last verb was Jackie’s suggestion, when she pointed out that I had quaffed more than once recently. Not exactly couth, but there you have it. P.S. Further research suggests that our coin is in fact bronze. 13 For Jessica’s old friend Mary it was frogs; for Jackie’s sister Helen it is owls; for us it is mugs with birds on them, or in France, chickens. I speak of collections built up by friends. This is how it works. One person presents you with a frog, an owl, or a mug. These are noticed by others who give you another. Before you know where you are you are overrun with them. Sheila observed that a lot of our mugs depicted birds. We identified those on her morning coffee cup as wrens, our smallest common avians. The conversation developed into a discussion about the farthing. Until it was abolished in 1961 this, being our smallest piece of coinage, bore a wren on the reverse side. When we were all children one could buy a pink shrimp sweet, blackjack or fruit salad chew for a farthing each. A pair of shoes was available for £1/19/11¾ (a farthing under £2 in pre-decimal coinage). erratum slip: My friend Geoff Austin informs me he has a Victorian half-farthing. After a shopping trip to New Milton we visited Braxton Gardens near Everton, where the rose garden has now
What is the French Stock Exchange called	Stock market financial definition of Stock market Stock market financial definition of Stock market http://financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Stock+market Related to Stock market: Stock Quotes Stock market Also called the equity market , the market for trading equities . Stock Exchange A place, whether physical or electronic, where stocks , bonds , and/or derivatives in listed companies are bought and sold. A stock exchange may be a private company, a non-profit , or a publicly-traded company (some exchanges have shares that trade on their own floors ). A stock exchange provides a regulated place where brokers and companies may meet in order to make investments on neutral ground. The concept traces its roots back to medieval France and the Low Countries, where agricultural goods were traded for cash or debt . Most countries have a main exchange and many also have smaller, regional exchanges . A stock exchange is also called a bourse or simply an exchange. Stock market. A stock market may be a physical place, sometimes known as a stock exchange, where brokers gather to buy and sell stocks and other securities. The term is also used more broadly to include electronic trading that takes place over computer and telephone lines. In fact, in many markets around the world, all stock trading is handled electronically. stock market a MARKET that deals in the buying and selling of company stocks and shares and government bonds. See STOCK EXCHANGE for further details.
What is the currency of Bulgaria	BGN - Bulgarian Lev rates, news, and tools BGN - Bulgarian Lev Bulgaria, Lev The Bulgarian Lev is the currency of Bulgaria. Our currency rankings show that the most popular Bulgaria Lev exchange rate is the BGN to GBP rate . The currency code for Leva is BGN, and the currency symbol is лв. Below, you'll find Bulgarian Lev rates and a currency converter. You can also subscribe to our currency newsletters with daily rates and analysis, read the XE Currency Blog , or take BGN rates on the go with our XE Currency Apps and website.
What is the name given to the male honeybee	Honey Bee - Bug Scientific Name, Characteristics, Classification, Taxonomy, Territorial Reach and Size View All Images (7) Staff Writer (1/5/2016): Honey Bee occupations break down into one of three categories: the worker bees, the drones and the Queen Bee. Unlike wasps, they create hives out of wax (not a paper-like substance) and only swarm when they are reproducing. The old queen leaves with a portion of the hive while those that stay behind will work with a new queen born in the hive. A female larvae is fed a special diet by the workers, which makes her a fertile queen. Other female larvae are given a regular diet that renders them infertile. Worker bees are sterile females that measure between 9 and 18mm while a queen bee can be 18 to 20mm in length. Male drones lack stingers and are kept until reproduction is complete. They are then killed and removed from the hive. Working bees feature a nearly all-black head with a body coloring of golden brown and black with patches of a dull orange. Yellow bands are easily distinguishable on the abdomen and wings are clear. Their entire bodies are covered in tiny hairs with these being most notable on the head an body. They are found throughout the United States and are also bred commercially. Currently, honey bee populations are disappearing from commercial hives for unknown reasons. Entomologists call this anomaly CCD, or Colony Collapse Disorder. Honey bees are a super-pollinator for most fruits and vegetables grown for human consumption and a limited number of them can directly effect how much produce is harvested. Honey Bees originally came to the New World from Europe when early colonists came to settle in America. Various subspecies originating from Russia, Italy and Slovenia are slightly different in color and personality (temperament), but all members of the species are used for their honey production. The Honey Bee's range now covers the entire North American continent, much to its benefit. ©2005-2017 www.InsectIdentification.org . All Rights Reserved. No Reproduction Permitted. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from www.InsectIdentification.org is strictly prohibited. Material presented throughout this website is for entertainment value and should not to be construed as usable for scientific research or medical advice (insect bites, etc...). Please consult licensed, degreed professionals for such information. Email corrections / Comments to InsectIdentification at Gmail dot com. Details of the:
What was used to dry ink before blotting paper	Sand Used Instead Of Blotting Paper - Fountain & Dip Pens - First Stop - The Fountain Pen Network The Fountain Pen Network Dearest Member or Visitor of the little Fountain Pen Nut house on the digital prairie, We have noticed that you are using advert blocking software, such as Ad Block Plus. FPN, which is an entirely volunteer run site, relies on advertising for funding of out-of-pocket and running costs like hosting. Please be so kind to add fountainpennetwork.com to your ad blocking whitelist or disable ad blocking when you visit FPN. If you prefer not to see any adverts, support FPN by donating towards an Ads Free view, either by a monthly contribution , or a yearly contribution . Thank you very much in advance! Warm regards, Sand Used Instead Of Blotting Paper Started by ashbridg , May 30 2010 01:15 Please log in to reply 18 replies to this topic Location:Richmond, Virginia Posted 30 May 2010 - 01:15 In the days before blotting paper people sprinkled sand on documents to absorb wet ink. The sand box, usually made of tin, sometimes of wood, was a common desk article along with the wafer box and ink stand. Blotting paper appeared in America during the 1840ï¿½s or 1850ï¿½s. But the use of sand continued, especially in Holland and Italy. The 1888 edition of Notes and Queries, located at the University of Virginia, contains some interesting stories about the continued use of sand to absorb ink. T. Adolphus Trollope writes: ï¿½In Italy at the present day the use of blotting paper, save by English and Americans, is almost unknown. The public offices are liberally supplied with sand, with the result of rendering all of the desks and tables grimy to a very disagreeable degree.ï¿½ He goes on to say when opening a letter, ï¿½[N]ot only will a quantity of loose sand fall from the sheet, but the abundantly used ink will render up to the smirched fingers a considerable quantity of the gritty material.ï¿½ Moreover, this sand is not the kind one might think. Trollope continues: ï¿½The sand used is not fine sand such as one might find at the seashore, but a much coarser variety, sometimes red, but more generally blue, and isï¿½singularly disagreeable when well-saturated with half-dried ink.ï¿½ A train traveler, R. H. Busk, says of his tour in North Germany: ï¿½My pocket-book was constantly incommoded, for instance, with the grit off the luggage schein, as it was handed to me at the various railway stations.ï¿½ This anachronism is almost humorousï¿½a guy complaining his wallet got dirty from the sand on his baggage check. Another contributor, identified as W.C.B., writes: ï¿½Fine sand for drying writing-ink is still used, I believe, in the offices of some old-fashioned solicitors. I think I saw it in use in Grayï¿½s Inn in 1869. There are a few of the old school left who prefer letter-paper, folded and sealed with a wafer, to the modern gummed envelope.ï¿½ This continued use of sand boxes into the 1860ï¿½s, well after the advent of blotting paper, by a British law firm offers modern pen users an insight into the mindset of early document writers. For the lawyer the importance of sand is a matter of decorum, like the black judicial robe or powdered wig. Sprinkling a page with sand is a ritual. Fine white sand drizzling off the paper when a letter is opened has a powerful impact on the reader. Letter writers in the days before blotting paper lived in a world of dip pens, ink wells, candles, wafers, and sand. For many people today the only gestalt involved in writing a letter is scaring up a sheet of ink jet paper and a ballpoint pen. It must be a thrill to receive an elegantly written letter on cotton paper, sanded and sealed. Imagine trying to send a ï¿½sandedï¿½ letter today. The Postal Service would shut down the mail stream and call in Homeland Security, thinking it was an anthrax attack. Times have certainly changed. Ashbridg Posted 30 May 2010 - 01:26 Hi Ash, The 'sand' was called 'ponce'. It was crushed up sand, salt or in some cases, cuttlefish-bones, which was used to blot ink because of its absorbent qualities. The ponce was
Decus et Tutanem is found on the edges of the pound coin what does it mean	What does "DECUS ET TUTAMEN" mean? - CoinSite CoinSite All about old coins and paper money Navigation What does “DECUS ET TUTAMEN” mean? Ataur R. asks: What does the words “DECUS ET TUTAMEN” mean in English? This legend, often seen on lettered edges of some English Coins, is Latin for: An ornament and a safeguard. It first appeared on the edge of all early large milled silver coins as a warning against “clipping”. It also appears on the edge of current U.K. and Northern Ireland one pound coins.
Which musical instrument is sometimes called the clown of the orchestra	Instrument Families of the Orchestra: String, Woodwind, Brass & Percussion - Video & Lesson Transcript \| Study.com Instrument Families of the Orchestra: String, Woodwind, Brass & Percussion Watch short & fun videos Start Your Free Trial Today An error occurred trying to load this video. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. You must create an account to continue watching Register for a free trial Are you a student or a teacher? I am a student Start Your Free Trial To Continue Watching As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you succeed. Coming up next: Tempo: Definition and Uses in Musical Forms You're on a roll. Keep up the good work! Your next lesson will play in 10 seconds 0:33 The Four Families Add to Add to Add to Want to watch this again later? Log in or sign up to add this lesson to a Custom Course. Custom Courses are courses that you create from Study.com lessons. Use them just like other courses to track progress, access quizzes and exams, and share content. Teachers Organize and share selected lessons with your class. Make planning easier by creating your own custom course. Students Create a new course from any lesson page or your dashboard. From any lesson page: Click "Add to" located below the video player and follow the prompts to name your course and save your lesson. From your dashboard: Click on the "Custom Courses" tab, then click "Create course". Next, go to any lesson page and begin adding lessons. Edit your Custom Course directly from your dashboard. Personalize: Name your Custom Course and add an optional description or learning objective. Organize: Create chapters to group lesson within your course. Remove and reorder chapters and lessons at any time. Share your Custom Course or assign lessons and chapters. Teacher Edition: Share or assign lessons and chapters by clicking the "Teacher" tab on the lesson or chapter page you want to assign. Students' quiz scores and video views will be trackable in your "Teacher" tab. Premium Edition: You can share your Custom Course by copying and pasting the course URL. Only Study.com members will be able to access the entire course. Create an account to start this course today Try it free for 5 days! Lesson Transcript Instructor: Liz Diamond-Manlusoc Liz has taught music for K-12 and beyond. She holds a master's degree in Education Media and Design Technology. There are so many instruments in the orchestra! What similarities and differences can one find between them? How do the instruments work? Find out about the string, woodwind, brass and percussion families in this lesson! The Orchestra Ah, the orchestra. The pinnacle of sophistication, acting as the backdrop for the hoity-toity elite and commercials for expensive cars. But really, it's just a group of musicians getting together to make music. How do they make these instruments work? Which instruments are related and why? The Four Families of the Orchestra To start, we can break the instruments into four families. Each family is grouped by the way the instrument produces vibration. This kind of classification gives us the string family, the woodwind family, the brass family and the percussion family. The String Family When you think of the orchestra, you most likely think of the violin, or at least some sort of string instrument. This is probably because they make up the majority of the instruments in the orchestra, so good thinking! All string instruments use string vibration to produce sound, so it makes sense that they are called the string family! There are four main string instruments. These are the violin, the viola, the cello and the bass. Each of these instruments can be plucked or bowed. The instruments in the string family vary in size. As you can see here, the main difference between the four instruments is their size. As with any instrument, the smaller it is, the higher the pitc
What would an American call the icing on a cake	American Buttercream Frosting {Recipe} – Glorious Treats Aug American Buttercream Frosting {Recipe} Often the most beloved element of a cupcake is the frosting. A good frosting can elevate a simple cupcake to a delicious, rich dessert. Classic American buttercream is surprisingly easy to make, and can be adjusted to your personal preferences using added flavorings, and adjusting the ratio of the ingredients. American buttercream is simply a combination of butter, powdered sugar, vanilla (or other flavoring), and usually a bit of milk or cream- that’s pretty much it! The frosting I love to use the most often is my Cream Cheese Frosting , which is simply a variation on American Buttercream, with some cream cheese added. Free free to play with this recipe and adjust it to your palate. This is a very sweet, classic frosting that pairs well with most any flavor of cupcake. American Buttercream Frosting 1 cup (2 sticks) butter (salted, or unsalted) 1/4 teaspoon salt (if using unsalted butter) 4 cups powdered sugar 1 teaspoon vanilla extract (best quality available) 2-3 tablespoons heavy cream, half and half or milk. Optional- As mentioned above, I like a cream cheese version of this frosting best. The cream cheese adds to the creamy texture, and cuts down on the sweetness just a bit. If desired, for a very light cream cheese flavor add 1/2 block (4 oz). cream cheese, leaving the other ingredients (as listed above) the same. For a more traditional cream cheese flavor, reduce the butter to 1/2 cup, and add 1 block (8 oz.) of cream cheese. If using a full block of cream cheese, you can reduce the cream or milk to 1 tablespoon total. Flavoring options– An almost unlimited number of flavoring options can be added in addition to, or instead of the vanilla. Orange and/or lemon zest, citrus extracts, mint extract, coconut extract or the seeds of a vanilla bean are all wonderful options. In most cases I’ll still add 1/2 teaspoon of vanilla, then 1/2 teaspoon of the other flavoring. For zest, add about 1 teaspoon fresh zest. For chocolate buttercream, add 1/2 cup (good quality) unsweetened cocoa powder. Directions- In the bowl of an electric mixer, fitted with the whisk attachment, beat butter (on medium speed) until completely smooth (30 seconds to a minute). (If you are adding cream cheese, add it now, then beat until smooth) * Add salt (if needed). * One cup at time, add 2 cups of powdered sugar, beating after each addition. * Add vanilla, or other flavorings and beat to combine. * Add about 1 tablespoon of cream, and continue beating. * Add the remaining 2 cups powdered sugar, one at a time. * Add an additional 1-2 tablespoons cream until desired consistency is reached. If you want to pipe the frosting on cupcakes, the frosting should be nice and thick. Continue to beat another minute or so. The frosting should now be smooth and fluffy. Troubleshooting- * If your frosting is not smooth, it is likely because the butter was not fully smooth before adding the other ingredients. * If your frosting will not hold up when piped on cupcakes, your frosting has too much liquid or is too warm. Put entire bowl of frosting in the fridge for 15-20 minutes and it will stiffen up. If it is still too thin, then add 1/4 to 1/2 cup powdered sugar, beat well. Recipe Source- American buttercream first appeared in cookbooks in the early 1900’s ( here’s a little buttercream history ) Countless sources since then have included very similar versions, always using some combination of butter (or shortening), powdered sugar, milk and flavoring. The recipe above is simply the proportions I like to use. Try this classic frosting on top of my favorite Vanilla Cupcakes or Chocolate Cupcakes . Happy frosting!
What do the English know American root beer as	What is root beer? \| HowStuffWorks What is root beer? NEXT PAGENEXT The English language has lots of words that are used in two or three different ways. For example, the word "cabinet" can mean "storage space in your kitchen" or "a group of folks who advise the president." Beer is a word with two meanings. It can mean an alcoholic beverage made from cereal grains, or a non-alcoholic beverage flavored by root extracts. Root beer, birch beer and ginger beer are three common forms of this non-alcoholic sort of beer. In the case of root beer, the flavoring comes from the root of the sassafras tree or the sarsaparilla vine. Originally, the root was brewed like a tea to make an extract, but now it is much easier to buy the extract ready-made. Up Next
Which French Noblewoman murdered Jean-Paul Marrat in his bath	Charlotte Corday and the Bathtub Assassination of Jean-Paul Marat – France Revisited - Life in Paris, Travel in France History By Sarah Towle On 13 July 1793, the eve of the fourth anniversary of the sacking of the Bastille, 24-year-old noblewoman, Charlotte Corday, knocked on Jean-Paul Marat’s door for the third and final time. She’d already been turned away twice that day by Marat’s companion, Simone. But this time Charlotte arrived bearing a letter, penned in her own hand. The letter stated that she had come to name names; that she was prepared to betray to Marat the 18 Girondin “enemies of the Revolution” that he sought. Simone took the letter and shut the door with a slam, leaving Charlotte alone on the drab landing outside Marat’s Left Bank home, located just around the corner from his press. Charlotte Corday. From Evert A. Duykinck’s “A Portrait Gallery of Eminent Men and Women of Europe and America, with Biographies.” New York: Johnson, Wilson, and Company, 1873. Digital image courtesy of the James Smith Noel Collection, Louisiana State University, Shreveport, LA. It was Charlotte’s last chance to retreat, but she did not. She’d written her farewell letters. She’d paid off her debts. She’d endured the long coach journey to Paris from Normandy. Charlotte had looked for Marat at the Palais Royal, considered the birthplace of the French Revolution as people could talk freely there, without fear of censorship. The home of the king’s cousin, Louis-Philippe Joseph II, duc d’Orleans, it was therefore royal property and the king’s police were forbidden to enter. Presses were even set up there to print broadsheets and journals espousing enlightenment values. And folks gathered night and day to share revolutionary ideas, out loud! Louis-Philippe Joseph, encouraging it all to happen, changed his name to Philippe Egalité. She’d pursued Marat at the National Convention as well, only to learn that he would not likely ever be found there again. He was ill, perhaps dying of an incurable skin disease contracted while hiding from enemies in the Paris sewers. His only solace was soaking in a bath of medicinal herbs. When the pain was very great, he remained in his bath all day. She’d come this far. Now a mere threshold stood in the way of her greater goal. She stood her ground and waited. The letter did trick. Marat granted Mademoiselle Corday entry into a small, square room with a brick-tiled floor. A map of France hung upon worn wallpaper. There, she found Marat languishing in a tub the shape of a sabot, an old wooden shoe. A board lying across it served as a writing table. To keep warm, Marat sat upon a linen sheet, the dry ends covering his bare shoulders. A second sheet, draped across the tub and writing table, offered him a bit of privacy from his visitors. Marat was strange and unpleasant, thin and feverish. His head was wrapped in a filthy, vinegar-soaked handkerchief. Open lesions on his skin reeked of decaying, rotten flesh. Marat motioned for Charlotte to take the chair placed by his bath. She sat as requested, turning toward the open window, searching the still, hot summer air for what little breeze might chance to come her way. Her eyes began to tear, struggling against the stench of death and medicine. And in the gloom of evening’s waning light, Marat wrote down, one by one, his head bent over his writing table, the names of each of Charlotte’s beloved Girondin friends, then holed up in Caen. Once finished, he raised his head. His blood-shot eyes met hers for the first time, and he proclaimed, hate dripping from his lips, “We’ll soon have them all guillotined in Paris!” Charlotte Corday by Paul Baudry, 1860. Musée des Beaux-Arts, Nantes. Photo: Gérard Blot, Réunion des Musées Nationaux/Art Resource, NY. At that moment Charlotte remembered why she had come. She pulled a kitchen knife from the folds of her dress and stabbed Marat right through the heart. One blow was all it took. She felt the knife penetrate flesh, bone, muscle. Marat died almost instantly. But it was not Charlotte who was martyred that day. On the cont
What is the name of Britain’s only prison ship	BBC - Dorset - History - Portland's prison ship You are in: Dorset > History > Local History > Portland's prison ship HMP Weare Portland's prison ship Portland was once home to the UK's one and only prison ship. It closed in 2006, but Britain's large prison population means that some still look to prison ships as a solution to overcrowding. BBC Dorset looks back at HMP Weare. HMP Weare was sold off in 2006 after conditions on board were criticised by the Chief Inspector for Prisoners. He complained that the inmates had no exercise and no access to fresh air. He said it was "unsuitable, expensive and in the wrong place". So Portland's prison ship – Britain's first and only prison ship – was closed down. The ship was built in the 1980s as a barracks for troops, before being shipped to New York where it was used as a prison, before coming to Portland. The 400-man prison was opened as a temporary measure in 1997, originally for a period of three years. Views from Portland Help playing audio/video But after its closure in 2006 there was soon speculation that the government was thinking about buying the ship back. It had already been sold to a Nigerian shipping company to provide accommodation to oil workers. The problem was a prison population at record levels, up by 90% since 1993. The advantage of prison ships, it was argued, is that they are cheaper to run, and can be bought more quickly. Ultimately, it wasn't an option the government decided to go for, so HMP Weare remains the only example of a prison ship the UK has seen. Leave your comment on prison ships. Are they good idea? Would you like to see them brought back into use? last updated: 09/04/2008 at 16:24 created: 29/01/2007
On which North London estate was policeman Keith Blakelok savagely murdered	PC Keith Blakelock: Man charged with murder - Telegraph PC Keith Blakelock: Man charged with murder A man has been charged with the murder of Pc Keith Blakelock 28 years ago. PC Keith Blakelock, left, was killed during the violent disorder on Broadwater Farm housing estate, right Photo: GETTY By Martin Evans , Crime Correspondent 4:06PM BST 23 Jul 2013 Follow Nicholas Jacobs, 44, will appear in court on Wednesday accused of killing the 40-year-old father of three during rioting in the Broadwater Farm estate, Tottenham, north London, on Oct 6 1985. Pc Blakelock was hacked to death as he attempted to protect firemen tackling a blaze at the height of the violence. It is alleged that after stumbling, the policeman was surrounded by a mob screaming, “Kill the pig”. He was stabbed dozens of times and it is thought his attackers attempted to decapitate him in order to display his head on a pole to taunt other officers. Pc Blakelock was eventually dragged away by colleagues, but he died later in North Middlesex Hospital. Related Articles Police dig for clues 29 Sep 2004 The decision to charge Mr Jacobs came after investigators spent more than a decade reviewing evidence and interviewing fresh witnesses. No further action is being taken against four other suspects who were arrested in connection with the killing. In a statement, Pc Blakelock’s widow, Elizabeth, and three sons, Mark, Kevin and Lee, said: “The family of Pc Keith Blakelock have never given up hope in getting justice for him. We welcome this news, and extend our eternal gratitude to the Metropolitan Police Service.” Mr Jacobs was aged 16 at the time of the riots, which spread through the Broadwater Farm estate following the death of a woman during a police raid. In 1987 Winston Silcott, Mark Braithwaite and Engin Raghip were convicted of Pc Blakelock’s murder but their convictions were quashed four and a half years later, after forensic tests on pages of key interview records suggested they had been fabricated. Scotland Yard reopened the murder investigation in 2003 after a review indicated there were possible new lines of inquiry. The reinvestigation included fresh forensic tests on the officer’s flame-retardant overalls, which for years had been on show to criminologists and trainee police officers at Scotland Yard’s “Black Museum”. The garment and more than a dozen alleged murder weapons – including several machetes – were analysed using updated DNA techniques for the first time. More than 6,000 statements were examined and detectives compiled a video of the scene using police and press photographs taken on the night. The Metropolitan Police then sought the advice of two QCs before a file was submitted to the Crown Prosecution Service. Alison Saunders, the Chief Prosecutor for London, said: “We have concluded that there is sufficient evidence and it is in the public interest to prosecute.” Mr Jacobs’s brother last night insisted he was innocent. At the family home in Tottenham he said: “I feel he has been victimised. This is very difficult for the family and we are very upset.”
Which criminal who was executed was made into a romantic hero in the novel Rookwood	David Wootton reviews ‘Dick Turpin’ by James Sharpe · LRB 3 February 2005 by James Sharpe Profile, 258 pp, £8.99, January 2005, ISBN 1 86197 418 3 Dick Turpin was executed in York on a cold spring Saturday in 1739. In those days, before the invention of the trapdoor drop, the prisoner was expected to climb a ladder, the noose around his neck, and step off into space. Turpin, dressed in finery suitable for a wedding or a funeral, died admirably, for he ‘went off this stage with as much intrepidity and unconcern, as if he had been taking horse to go on a journey’. This contemporary description indirectly acknowledges Turpin’s status as a self-defined gentleman (his father was a butcher), for gentlemen took horse, while the poor walked. For weeks, Turpin had been ‘eating, drinking and carousing’, ‘joking, drinking and telling stories’ with an unending stream of visitors to the York jail: his jailer had made £100 selling them drink. Some of those who had laughed and joked with him were gathered that Saturday in the Blue Boar tavern, where his body was laid out after it had been cut down from the scaffold; a few of them had been appointed by Turpin to secure his corpse, which they did by burying it deep in the churchyard the next day. At 3 a.m. on the Tuesday, however, the body was found to have been dug up, presumably to be sold for dissection. A mob gathered and reclaimed it, carrying it through the streets ‘in a sort of triumph’, and reburied it in a coffin filled with lime to ensure its rapid decomposition. Within a few days, a broadside ballad was published called ‘Turpin’s Rant’, a song which survived into the last century as a folksong, ‘Turpin Hero’, the chorus of which is: ‘For I’m the hero, the Turpin hero, I am the great Dick Turpin Ho.’ ‘Turpin Hero’ is the source of Joyce’s title for the forerunner to Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, ‘Stephen Hero’. Turpin is no hero to James Sharpe, who sets out to cut him down to size, just another ‘callous, brutal and violent’ criminal, an ‘unpleasant thug’, hardly distinguishable from so many others, so that when The Lives of Noted Highwaymen was published around 1750 he was not deemed worthy of inclusion. Within the limits he sets himself, Sharpe’s book is admirable: in the first two-thirds he provides an account of Turpin’s life, of 18th-century highwaymen and of the criminal justice system of the day which could scarcely be bettered. Before he became a highwayman Turpin belonged to a gang of poachers in Essex. When they robbed a 70-year-old farmer, Joseph Lawrence, in 1735, they beat him on the bare buttocks, poured boiling water over him, and sat him on the fire in order to force him to say where his money was kept. Turpin played an active part in torturing Lawrence, though not in raping his maidservant, Dorothy Street. When he was eventually arrested, four years later, he was living in Yorkshire under the pseudonym of John Palmer. He came to the attention of the authorities only because, returning one day from hunting, he had shot a tame bird; reprimanded by a bystander, he replied that if the man would only stay while he charged his piece, he would shoot him too. Charles Harper, in his Half-Hours with the Highwaymen (1908), wrote, as Sharpe wryly records: ‘It would be a thankless task to present the highwayman as he really was: a fellow rarely heroic, generally foul-mouthed and cruel, and often cowardly … I do not think that the historian who came to the subject in this cold scientific spirit of a demonstrator in surgery would be widely read.’ Sharpe’s intention is to prove Harper wrong by at long last anatomising Turpin before the public gaze. He takes pride in bringing to his task the skills of a professional historian, determined to ‘get history right’. He sets out to expose the stories told about Turpin since his death as factually incorrect. Turpin is said, for example, to have been born and to have drunk in the Spaniards Inn on Hampstead Heath, where his father was the landlord – even though the Spaniards was not a pub until after Turpin’s death. So, too, he
Which circus did Coco the Clown star in for over thirty years	Coco - Circopedia Circopedia Clown By John V. Ward The clown Coco (1900–1974) was arguably, in the middle of the twentieth century (roughly from 1930 to 1970), the most recognizable augusteIn a classic European clown team, the comic, red-nosed character, as opposed to the elegant, whiteface Clown. in the British circus world, and for most of the same period, an iconic figure of Britain’s premier circus at the time, Bertram Mills Circus . In addition to his professional work, he was also noted for his charitable activities and his commitment to children’s wellbeing, for which he was made an Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBE). From Nikolai Petrovich Polyakov To Coco His legal English name was Nicholai Polakovs (sometimes rendered as Poliakoff or Poliakov), but his original Russian name was in all probability Nikolai Polyakov—or Nikolai Petrovich Polyakov, to be complete, adding his father’s name in a patronymic form according to Russian practice. He was born on 5th October 1900 in a poor Jewish family in Dvinsk (today Daugavpils), in southwestern Latvia, which was then part of the Russian Empire. He had seven brothers and sisters. Nicholai’s father, Piotr, was a cobbler who supplemented his scanty income by working as a property master in a local theatre. The family lived in a state of constant poverty, which surely didn’t improve when Piotr was drafted in the Imperial army during the Russo-Japanese war of 1904-1905. To help perk up his family’s miserable condition, five-year-old Nicholai took to singing in cafés, begging for a few scraps of food. It was a debut of sorts in show business—and indeed, Nicholai liked the attention it gave him. At eight years old, in 1908, he “ran away and joined the circus,” as the saying goes. He travelled 300 miles by train to Vitebsk, in Bielorussia (today Belarus), where he persuaded a circus owner to give him a job, telling him that he was an orphan with no one to look after him. The director bought his story and placed him under the charge of Vitaly Lazarenko (1890-1939), a clown and acrobat who would become a major circus star in the Soviet Union after the Communist revolution. Nicholai assisted Lazarenko in his clown act and pleased him so much that Lazarenko wanted to take him on permanently. He explained Nicholai that his son had died of a fever, and his wife had died in a trapeze accident. He was lonely and would like to adopt Nicholai as his son. However, when it came to drawing up the legal papers for adoption, Nicholai feared his true parentage would be revealed and he would be arrested. In desperation, he ran away from the circus and returned home. Nicholai eventually persuaded his father to allow him to follow a circus career, and he was apprenticed for four years to Rudolfo Truzzi (1860-1936)—son of Massimiliano Truzzi , the founder of the great Russian circus dynasty of Italian descent. With Truzzi, Nicholai studied the fundamentals of acrobatics, trapeze, horse riding, and an array of circus disciplines. Russians are particularly fond of nicknames, and Nicholai was called Kokishka by Truzzi, a diminutive of “koshka” (cat in Russian), which in time became abbreviated to Koko—and rendered as Coco when Nicholai arrived in the UK. In 1915 Nicholai Polakovs was enlisted in the Imperial Army, where he served as an outrider with the 11th Siberian regiment. Then came the Russian Revolution of 1917; Nicholai was captured by the Bolsheviks, but he managed to escape and rejoin his regiment. During the ensuing Civil War, he was conscripted by the Red Army, escaped—only to be conscripted again by the White Army and escape again, disguised as a girl in a troupe of Mongolian travelling entertainers. Finally, when the political situation began to settle down, he returned to work in the circus. Nicholai was performing in Riga in 1919 when he met Valentina Novikova (1901–1983), a shopkeeper, whom he married in June of that year, and with whom he would have six children: Helen, Michael (1923-2009), Nadia, Sascha, Olga, and Tamara . In the 1920’s, he worked for the
What was the title of Nightmare on Elm Street 6	Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare (1991) - IMDb IMDb 17 January 2017 4:34 PM, UTC NEWS There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare ( 1991 ) R \| Freddy Krueger returns once again to haunt both the dreams of Springwood's last surviving teenager and a woman with a deep connection to him. Director: From $2.99 (SD) on Amazon Video ON DISC a list of 42 titles created 23 Feb 2012 a list of 42 titles created 02 Sep 2012 a list of 42 titles created 11 Jul 2015 a list of 33 titles created 17 Aug 2015 a list of 33 titles created 4 months ago Title: Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare (1991) 4.9/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. The pregnant Alice finds Freddy Krueger striking through the sleeping mind of her unborn child, hoping to be reborn into the real world. Director: Stephen Hopkins Freddy Krueger returns once again to terrorize the dreams of the remaining Dream Warriors, as well as those of a young woman who may know the way to defeat him for good. Director: Renny Harlin A demonic force has chosen Freddy Krueger as its portal to the real world. Can Heather play the part of Nancy one last time and trap the evil trying to enter our world? Director: Wes Craven A teenage boy is haunted in his dreams by Freddy Krueger who is out to possess him in order to continue his murder spree in the real world. Director: Jack Sholder Survivors of undead serial killer Freddy Krueger - who stalks his victims in their dreams - learn to take control of their own dreams in order to fight back. Director: Chuck Russell Freddy Krueger and Jason Voorhees return to terrorize the teenage population. Except this time, they're out to get each other, too. Director: Ronny Yu A boat of graduating high school students bound for Manhattan pulls Jason Voorhees along for the ride. Look out, New York - here comes Hell in a hockey mask. Director: Rob Hedden 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7.5/10 X Several people are hunted by a cruel serial killer who kills his victims in their dreams. While the survivors are trying to find the reason for being chosen, the murderer won't lose any chance to kill them as soon as they fall asleep. Director: Wes Craven Years after Tommy Jarvis chained him underwater at Camp Crystal Lake, the dormant Jason Voorhees returns to the camp grounds when he is accidentally released from his prison by a telekinetic teenager. Director: John Carl Buechler 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 5.9/10 X Tommy Jarvis goes to the graveyard to get rid of Jason Voorhees' body once and for all, but inadvertently brings him back to life instead. The newly revived killer once again seeks revenge, and Tommy may be the only one who can defeat him. Director: Tom McLoughlin After being mortally wounded and taken to the morgue, murderer Jason Voorhees spontaneously revives and embarks on a killing spree as he makes his way back to his home at Camp Crystal Lake. Director: Joseph Zito Having revived from his wound, Jason Voorhees; now donning a new appearance, refuges at a cabin near Crystal Lake. As a group of co-eds reside there for their vacation, Jason continues his spree. Director: Steve Miner Edit Storyline In part six of the Nightmare on Elm Street series, dream monster Freddy Krueger has finally killed all the children of his hometown, and seeks to escape its confines to hunt fresh prey. To this end, he recruits the aid of his (previously unmentioned) daughter. However, she discovers the demonic origin of her father's powers and meets Dad head-on in a final showdown (originally presented in 3-D). Written by David Thiel <[email protected]> They saved the best for last. See more » Genres: Rated R for horror violence, and for language and drug content \| See all certifications » Parents Guide: 13 September 1991 (USA) See more » Also Known As: A Nightmare on Elm Street
From which American soap was The Colbys a spin off	Category:The Colbys \| Dynasty Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia Section written by LB Colby . First Season Edit In december 1984, with Rock Hudson's upcoming Dynasty debut, rumors of a spin-off Dynasty show were being discussed in the press. Early articles suggested Rock Hudson would be the star of the show. The first article reporting on a Dynasty spin-off was from January 16, 1985 . In addition to Rock Hudson, Ali Macgraw and Jack Coleman would star on the show. On January 18, the name of John James replaced the name of Jack Coleman. On February 23, 1985 , the name of Heather Locklear was also mentioned. At this early point, the producers began talking to Pamela Sue Martin to reprise the role of Fallon in the very last episodes of season 5. ABC's original plan was to air the first few episodes of "The Colbys" on Wednesdays after "Dynasty" and then move it to Friday nights at 9, opposite "Dallas" on CBS, in order to weaken "Dallas" without moving "Dynasty" out of its regular timeslot on Wednesdays at 9. The producers were also planning to include Linda Evans and Joan Collins in the first two episodes of "The Colbys", along with Elizabeth Taylor (back in 1982, a rumor said she would join "Dynasty"'s third season for a two-hour special show, playing Alexis' sister). On Mars 20, 1985 , the spin-off was made official. The idea of airing the first few episodes of "The Colbys" on Wednesdays after "Dynasty" was cancelled. The new plan was to delay the debut of the spin-off and to have some of its storylines starting in "Dynasty". As negotiations with Pamela Sue Martin fell through, the producers were in hurry to find another actress who would showed up in the last episode of season 5. Emma Samms , that the producers met for a non-specific role source , was cast shortly before she began shooting her first episode. On May 6, 1985 ABC unveiled its fall 1985 schedule putting "The Colbys" into the Thursday at 9pm timeslot (preceded by "the fall guy" and followed by 20/20). At this time, James Darren of the just-canceled "TJ Hooker" was being considered for a role on "The Colbys". When "TJ Hooker" was picked up by CBS, this plan was scrapped. One of the frontrunners for the role of Jason Colby was Burt Lancaster. Charlton Heston was the producers' second choice after the negotiations with Lancaster failed in June 1985 . Meanwhile, they were also talking to Hollywood superstar Katherine Hepburn and Doris Day to play Constance Colby but it failed too. In addition to Charlton Heston as Jason, were considered Barbara Stanwyck as Constance, Faye Dunnaway as Sable and James Coburn as Ben Carrington as it was told in the press on July 3 . The casting of Charlton Heston was officially confirmed on July 9. The same day , it was revelaed that "The Colbys" versions of Krystle and Alexis were going to be called Anthea (later known as Francesca) and Sable. On July 12 , the producers began talking to Angie Dickinson to play his wife Sable. On July 13 , Elizabeth Taylor put an end of to all rumors that she may appear in "The Colbys" (or "Dynasty"). On July 15 , the press reported that Barbara Stanwyck signed a contract to join the show. It was also reported the actor Maxwell Caulfield would play Maxwell (actually Miles) Colby. By July 29, it was reported that Angie Dickinson might not join the new series and that Susannah York and Elizabeth Ashley were next in line to take on the role of Sable Colby. By July 30, the press reported that "sanity prevailed" and Ali MacGraw would not be coming back as Lady Ashley and a part of a love triangle on "The Colbys." On August 3 , it was reported Charlton Heston would be paid $85000 per episode of "The Colbys" and Barbara Stanwyck $75000 per episode. The casting of Katherine Ross as Francesca was announced on August 5. A few days later it was reported that Stephanie Beacham "a household name in Britain, has beaten out Angie Dickinson for the role of Charlton Heston's wife on ABC's Dynasty II: The Colbys." On August 19 , Diahann Carroll said she was asked to appear on "The Colbys". On August 19, the papers report
Which supermodel has been seen in adverts for the Citroen Xsara wearing very little	Citroën Xsara (1997-2004) \| Blandness and the bare blonde Blandness and the bare blonde last update April 24th, 2013 1997-2004 Citroën Xsara Blandness and the bare blonde What does one want from a compact car? Inertia-reel, height-adjustable seat belts? An alarm warning that the key has been left in the ignition? Tell-tale child locks on the rear doors? When these features are celebrated at a car's launch, as thoughtful as the design team has been, it is fairly clear that the show is over before it has begun. And when a Citroën is launched in such fashion, it's high time to declare that PSA's ownership of the brand is verging on the criminal. Francophonic name and dutiful Chevrons apart, little inside or out gave any indication that the Xsara was from the company once responsible for some of the most technologically innovative and characterful cars in the world. Jealousy, or economies of scale? With the 1997 Xsara, things came to a head. Since acquiring Citroën in 1974, Sochaux had kept an increasingly tight leash on its engagingly wayward charge. Xsara was the abject manifestation of this. Little inside or out gave any indication that this was the great-granddaughter of the genial 1970 GS, or in any sense a car from the same people who had given the world such innovative cars as the Traction Avant and DS; other-worldly pods like the SM and CX, or the characterful budget transport that had been the 2CV, Dyane, and Ami. Some said it was down to jealousy; had Peugeot not crushed a gaggle of gloriously complex SM coupés upon taking Citroën over, declaring them "unsaleable?" Others talked of rationality forced by economies of scale and the "sober realities" of the global market. Certainly, Xsara was an important car. The "lower mid-range" segment accounted for 4 million European sales in 1996, 31% of the total market. 80% of this was shared between Germany, Britain, France, Italy, and Spain. Citroën was convinced that its heritage meant nothing to its potential customers. Consumers, research found, had become less interested in learning about brands, and more adept at avoiding the devices and strategies employed by advertisers to get their attention. So, to get the market's attention, Citroën resorted to the most base device of all. Manufacturing an image The use of sex in advertising changed dramatically in the '90s, according to Australian University of New England professor Gail Hawkes. "Under the pressures of close competition for very similar products in the world market," Hawkes writes, "globalizing capitalism recognized the necessity to use the power of sexual imagery in new ways." Whereas items such as the Pirelli calendar had used sex to attract male attention, in a specific and enclosed, secluded context, to products related to blue-collar male work, the new decade saw explicit sexual imagery appearing on prime-time television, billboards, and mainstream magazines of all genres. Cars, Hawkes points out, were now "sold to both sexes not by their mechanical features but by the pleasurable sensations experienced through bodily contact with them." Most interestingly, Hawkes suggests that the trend began when Claudia Schiffer performed an elegant striptease and threw her lace knickers out of the driver's window of a Citroën Xsara. Citroën, again, was a pioneer. Of sorts. Though consumers were increasingly cynical about the advertising that assailed them, sex rendered them powerless. Processing it required no attention, resulting in implicit learning; i.e.: if we put a supermodel next to a car, the two will be associated. And the use of sex to sell a car could draw attention to the car itself, resulting in explicit learning; i.e.: there's a new compact Citroën in town. Citroën's marketing team, prepped to emphasize sensuality rather than specifications, was fairly thrilled with the news that they'd be promoting a car called the "Xsara." Such an engagingly Francophonic, feminine appellation! Citroën's marketing team, prepped to emphasize sensuality rather than specifications, was fairly thrilled with the news that they'd
Which British industry’s advertising slogan in the eighties was We’re getting there	Best Slogans: the experts' view - Creative Review Creative Review Primary Menu Best Slogans: the experts’ view As regular readers of the CR blog will be aware, we are devoting a forthcoming issue of the magazine to looking at the best slogans ever. We canvassed your opinions on the blog, and have now approached a panel of industry experts to give us their top five slogans. Here’s what they picked… By Eliza Williams 2nd November 2011 4:10 pm As regular readers of the CR blog will be aware, we are devoting a forthcoming issue of the magazine to looking at the best slogans ever. We canvassed your opinions on the blog, and have now approached a panel of industry experts to give us their top five slogans. Here’s what they picked… John Hegarty, BBH 1. Liberté, egalité, fraternité: three words that encapsulated the ambitions of the French Revolution that changed Europe forever. They still appear over every town hall in France to this day. 2. I Love NY: Copied, parodied and emulated, but still the best slogan that got New York back on its feet in the 70s. 3. It is, are you: The launch of The Independent in the mid-80s challenged people to think for themselves. It also challenged the rest of Fleet Street. 4. Refreshes the parts other beers cannot reach: Longer than most slogans, it still caught the public’s imagination. It first appeared in 1974 but still gets quoted today. 5. The future’s bright, the future’s Orange: In the fast-moving, uncertain world of technology, Orange captured the public’s hesitancy and turned it to their advantage, branding themselves the future. David Lubars, BBDO New York 1. Just do it: Nike 2. Drivers wanted: Volkswagen 3. Where’s the beef: Wendy’s 4. Melts in your mouth not your hand: M&Ms 5. I Love NY 6. Be all you can be: US Army 1. Just do it: Nike 2. The ultimate driving machine: BMW 3. When it absolutely positively has to be there overnight: Fedex 4. Got Milk Margaret Johnson, Goodby, Sliverstein & Partners 1. The Ultimate Driving Machine: BMW. It’s got teeth. And it makes me feel confident that even after spending $60K on a car, I made a smart choice. 2. I want my MTV: I always sing it rather than say it, which is perfect, considering the category. 3. Reassuringly expensive: Stella Artois. You would expect to hear this line over a super high-end luxury item. So, for a beer, it’s funny. And makes me willing to spend a few cents more. 4. All the news that’s fit to print: New York Times. No bullshit. Tells me that what’s in here is worth reading – and if it’s not in the Times, it’s probably not worth my time. 5. I Love New York: So simple. You don’t even need to speak English to get it. 1. Refreshes the parts other beers cannot reach: Heineken 2. Dig for victory 3. Careless talk costs lives 4. Britons make it, it makes Britons: Welgar Shredded Wheat 5. We’re getting there: British Rail. Created by Saatchi in the 1980s when British Rail was clearly getting nowhere at all. Naresh Ramchandani, Pentagram 1. My favourite advertising slogan: Does exactly what it says on the tin, Ronseal. It’s exactly the type of slogan that advertising should not have produced. Advertising does hype; this line for Ronseal gave us stripped-down functionality; advertising does finely-honed hysteria, this line gave us a grumpy clumpy statement of fact. Maybe its unadvertising nature is why this slogan has been able to pass through into everyday culture like no advertising phrase before it or since. It’s also sold a few tins of wood varnish along the way. 2. My favourite anti-consumption slogan: My other car’s a Porsche. Littering car bumpers throughout the 1980s, this was a perfect example of slogan as subversion. Subtext: ‘even though I’ve got no money and a crappy car, the fact that I’ve also got some wit makes me smarter than a banker with a million pounds and a flashy motor’. Better still, Porsche owners thought it was a compliment. As we accelerate into an age where overconsumption is crippling our economies and our climate, we need a few more bumper stickers like this one. 3. My favourite revolutionary sloga
Chas and Dave sang Gertcha on which brewery’s advert	Three Courage Best Ads - YouTube Three Courage Best Ads Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. The interactive transcript could not be loaded. Loading... Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on May 13, 2008 Here are three classic ads for bitter featuring the dulcet tones of Chas & Dave. Written by John Webster. Category
Which brand of cigarettes did former U.S. President Ronald Reagan advertise in the fifties	Darrell Winfield, the real Marlboro Man, dies - CNN.com 1 of 18 Photos: Cigarette ads from the 20th century A billboard advertises Marlboro cigarettes. The rugged "Marlboro Man" was a staple of the brand's marketing. Hide Caption Photos: Cigarette ads from the 20th century This French advertisement for Benson & Hedges cigarettes was published in 1970. Hide Caption Photos: Cigarette ads from the 20th century A model is seen lying down in an advertisement for Opera Puffs Cigarettes. Hide Caption Photos: Cigarette ads from the 20th century Sobranie Cocktail cigarettes were available in a variety of colors. Hide Caption Photos: Cigarette ads from the 20th century Jazz legend Louis Armstrong appears in an advertisement for Camel cigarettes. Hide Caption Photos: Cigarette ads from the 20th century Ground-breaking baseball player Jackie Robinson endorses Chesterfield cigarettes in this 1940s advertisement. Hide Caption 7 of 18 Photos: Cigarette ads from the 20th century Some early smoking advertisements, like this one for Craven "A" cigarettes, claimed their products wouldn't affect the throat. Hide Caption 8 of 18 Photos: Cigarette ads from the 20th century Baseball players Ted Williams, Stan Musial, Joe DiMaggio, Jackie Jensen, Bucky Harris and Ewell Blackwell advertise Chesterfield cigarettes in a magazine ad from around 1950. Hide Caption 9 of 18 Photos: Cigarette ads from the 20th century Kensitas cigarettes were marketed as a appetite suppressant in 1929. It suggested having a cigarette between meals instead of snacks. Hide Caption 10 of 18 Photos: Cigarette ads from the 20th century This Joe Camel billboard, advertising Camel cigarettes, was seen on West 34th Street in New York City. Philip Morris eventually dropped the cartoonish figure amid protests that it appealed to children. Hide Caption Photos: Cigarette ads from the 20th century An ad for Tipalet cigarettes claims its smoke can make men more attractive to women. Hide Caption 12 of 18 Photos: Cigarette ads from the 20th century A giant bra was added to this Camel ad in San Francisco by Billboard Liberation Front members who objected to the use of male bodies in ads. At the bottom of the billboard is the surgeon general's warning, which were added to cigarette ads soon after Terry's report in 1964. Hide Caption Photos: Cigarette ads from the 20th century This postcard, printed in Paris around 1950, promotes Wings cigarettes. Hide Caption Photos: Cigarette ads from the 20th century This advertisement for Lucky Strike cigarettes says their "light smoke" offers throat protection. Hide Caption 15 of 18 Photos: Cigarette ads from the 20th century An advertisement for Bachelor cigarettes invites the audience to sample their "individual charm and delightful character." Hide Caption Photos: Cigarette ads from the 20th century An advertisement for Our Little Beauties cigarettes, near the turn of the 20th century. Hide Caption Photos: Cigarette ads from the 20th century A 1940s holiday ad for Philip Morris cigarettes. Hide Caption
Who recorded Nobody Does It Better for one of the Bond films	YouTube Undo Close "Carly Simon - Nob..." The YouTube account associated with this video has been terminated due to multiple third-party notifications of copyright infringement. Sorry about that.
What is Blofeld’s christian name in the Bond films	James Bond 24: What is Spectre and who is Blofeld? - Telegraph James Bond James Bond 24: What is Spectre and who is Blofeld? Bond 24's title has been revealed as Spectre, but what's the story behind the name? And will its leader, Ernst Stavro Blofeld, appear in the new film? Follow So the wait is over: it’s been announced that the 24th James Bond film will be called Spectre. Which means a return to the screen for the fictional terrorist organisation that featured in both the James Bond novels by Ian Fleming, and the films adapted from them. What does Spectre stand for? Spectre is an acronym for SPecial Executive for Counter-intelligence, Terrorism, Revenge and Extortion. The organisation made its first appearance in Fleming's 1961 novel Thunderball, and on screen in the first Bond film, Dr No (1962). Who are the members of Spectre? A heady mix of nasties, beginning with suave, metal-handed scientist Dr Julius No (Joseph Wiseman), followed by the eyepatch-wearing Emilio Largo (Adolfo Celi) in Thunderball. Rosa Klebb (Lotte Lenya), famous for her bladed shoes in From Russia With Love, was Number 3 in the organisation (having defected from Smersh), and the sinister Mr Wint (Bruce Glover) and Mr Kidd (Putter Smith), who tried to cremate Bond in Diamonds Are Forever, were also henchmen of the gang. But most famous of all is Spectre's Number 1: Ernst Stavro Blofeld. Related Articles 12 Feb 2015 Who is Blofeld? The ultimate super-villain, his heart set on world domination, Blofeld appeared in three Bond novels (Thunderball, On Her Majesty's Secret Service and You Only Live Twice) and seven Bond films (From Russia with Love, Thunderball, You Only Live Twice, On Her Majesty's Secret Service, Diamonds Are Forever, For Your Eyes Only and Never Say Never Again). With his Nehru-collared suit and white Turkish angora cat, he is one of the most recognisable of the Bond characters, and has been parodied in everything from Danger Mouse to Austin Powers, where he was the main inspiration for Mike Myers's Dr Evil. His name was inspired by a boy Ian Fleming was at Eton with, Thomas Blofeld – father of the cricket commentator Henry "Blowers" Blofeld. What does Blofeld look like? Blofeld is a man of many guises. In From Russia With Love and Thunderball his face was never seen. In those films his body (only glimpsed below the neck) was that of Anthony Dawson (who also appeared in Dial M For Murder, and later popped up in 1967 Italian Bond spoof OK Connery) and his voice was supplied by the Viennese actor Eric Pohlmann. In the Bond books, Fleming had Blofeld undergo plastic surgery to maintain his anonymity. This helps to make sense of the fact that Blofeld has been played by a series of different actors: Donald Pleasence (You Only Live Twice; bald, with a scar across his eye); Telly Savalas (On Her Majesty’s Secret Service; bald, no earlobes); Charles Gray (Diamonds Are Forever; grey-haired, earlobes restored); John Hollis (For Your Eyes Only; wheelchair-bound and never referred to by name because of copyright disputes over Thunderball); and Max von Sydow (grey-haired, bearded) in 1983’s Never Say Never Again. Will Blofeld make an appearance in the new film? Ostensibly, the answer is no; the role was not mentioned at the Bond 24 press conference. But remember that Blofeld is a master of disguise, and consider the character to be played by Christoph Waltz. The two-time Oscar-winner will play Franz Oberhauser, son of Hannes Oberhauser, the Austrian climbing and skiing instructor who taught Bond when 007 was a boy. Rumour has it that Franz will turn into Blofeld – and thus Waltz will become the fifth (credited) actor to play the villain. Spectre is released on October 23 2015 in the UK and November 6 2015 in the US Spectre unveiling: new James Bond film cast revealed Start your free 30 day Amazon Prime trial»
Which country provided the back drop for the Bond film You Only Live Twice	James Bond Retrospective: You Only Live Twice (1967) 10 Reasons To Take Up Running James Bond Retrospective: You Only Live Twice (1967) Sean Connery made the shock announcement during the making of You Only Live Twice that this would be his final Bond film.... Flipboard To mark the 50th Anniversary of one of the most successful movie franchises of all time and as James Bond prepares for his 23rd official outing in Skyfall later this year, I have been tasked with taking a retrospective look at the films that turned author Ian Flemings creation into one of the most recognised and iconic characters in film history. After the phenomenal box-office success of Thunderball in 1965 the Bond series producers Albert R. Broccoli and Harry Saltzman were left looking for an out of this world adventure for Bonds fifth outing, You Only Live Twice. When Richard Maibaum the screenwriter of all the previous films became unavailable the producers hired popular short story and childrens writer Roald Dahl to pen the screenplay. Dahl had been a close friend of Fleming but described the original novel as Flemings worst book. Taking only a handful of ideas from the story, Dahl wrote an almost completely original screenplay disregarding much of Flemings plot and adding elements from a rejected script by screenwriter Harold Jack Bloom. As before, many of the crew members from the last four films returned including editor Peter Hunt, production designer Ken Adam, art director Peter Lamont, stunt co-ordinator Bob Simmons and special effects director John Stears. With a budget of $9.5 million, just half a million more than Thunderball the producers brought in a new director, Lewis Gilbert who already had an established track record of well regarded films such as Reach For The Sky, Carve Her Name With Pride and Alfie. Gilbert was persuaded by Saltzman and Broccoli to put his own stamp on the series and in the process was to make the most ambitious Bond film to date. James Bond During the promotional tour for Thunderball, Sean Connery had begun to show the early signs of disillusion with the role. The burden of leading the franchise and the amount of time required to publicise the movies were beginning to take their toll on his blossoming career as well as the fear that the role could lead to typecasting. Connery made the shock announcement during the making of You Only Live Twice that this would be his final Bond film. Classic Line (About to make love to Helga Brandt) James Bond: Oh the things I do for England. The usual twinkle in his eye that had been evident since From Russia With Love is sadly missing from his performance in You Only Live Twice. He seems jaded and a little bored by the role, lacking the spark that had defined his portrayal of the character. Contributing factors may have included a number of changes in the production team for the fifth film in the series, a new director and screenwriter as well as the fact that Connery was given a hard time by the Japanese press during the making of the film which may have also affected his performance. One thing was for sure that it was the right decision to leave the role before completely running out of steam. He would leave a legacy that would be hard to beat and would prove to be the standard against which all that would follow would be compared. Pre-Credits & Theme Song In a change of form after the previous two films opening sequences that featured scenes bearing little relation to the main storyline, You Only Live Twice opens with a scene setting in motion the main plot thread for the movie. Beginning in space during a US mission by NASA, an astronaut makes his way out of the space capsule for a space walk. Moments later his mission is literally cut short by a mysterious spacecraft that intercepts the NASA craft mid-flight, opening its nose cone to swallow the US capsule. With the US and Russian space programs in full swing during the sixties and NASAs Apollo missions only two years away from making the first moon landing, the space race was a hot topic of the day makin
What is the nineteenth hole on a golf course	19th hole - definition of 19th hole by The Free Dictionary 19th hole - definition of 19th hole by The Free Dictionary http://www.thefreedictionary.com/19th+hole Also found in: Encyclopedia , Wikipedia . nineteenth hole (Golf) golf slang the bar in a golf clubhouse [C20: from its being the next objective after a standard 18-hole round] nine′teenth hole′ Informal. a place where golfers gather after play to relax. [1900–05] nineteenth hole Slang name for the bar in the clubhouse. Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: Copyright © 2003-2017 Farlex, Inc Disclaimer All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
What was the first European country to import tobacco	Tobacco: The Early History of a New World Crop - Historic Jamestowne Part of Colonial National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service) Tobacco: The Early History of a New World Crop TOBACCO: The Early History of a New World Crop Hail thou inspiring plant! Thou balm of life, Well might thy worth engage two nations' strife; Exhaustless fountain of Britannia's wealth; Thou friend of wisdom and thou source of health. -from an early tobacco label Tobacco, that outlandish weed It spends the brain, and spoiles the seede It dulls the spirite, it dims the sight It robs a woman of her right. -Dr. William Vaughn, 1617 As these two verses show, tobacco use has long been a controversial subject, considered by turns a vice, a panacea, an economic salvation and a foolish and dangerous habit. However, it was perceived, by the end of the seventeenth century tobacco had become the economic staple of Virginia, easily making her the wealthiest of the 13 colonies by the time of the American Revolution. The Old World encountered tobacco at the dawn of the European Age of Exploration. On the morning of October 12, 1492, Christopher Columbus set foot on a small island in the Bahamas. Believing himself to be off the coast of Asia, the Admiral dressed in his best to meet the local inhabitants. The Arawaks offered him some dried leaves as a token of friendship. Those leaves were tobacco. A few days later, a party from Columbus' ship docked off the coast of Cuba and witnessed local peoples there smoking tobacco through Y-shaped tubes which they inserted in their noses, inhaling smoke until they lost consciousness. By 1558, Frere Andre Thevet, who had traveled in Brazil, published a description of tobacco which was included in Thomas Hacket's The New Found World a decade later: There is another secret herb . . . which they [the natives of Brazil] most commonly bear about them, for that they esteem it marvellous profitable for many things. . . . The Christians that do now inhabit there are become very desirous of this herb. . . . Early on, the medicinal properties of tobacco were of great interest to Europe. Over a dozen books published around the middle of the sixteenth century mention tobacco as a cure for everything from pains in the joints to epilepsy to plague. As one counsel had it, "Anything that harms a man inwardly from his girdle upward might be removed by a moderate use of the herb." In 1560, Jean Nicot, a French ambassador, learned about the curative properties of tobacco when he was on assignment in Portugal. When he returned to France, he used the New World herb to cure the migraine headaches of Catherine de Medicis. The French became enthusiastic about tobacco, calling it the herbe a tous les maux, the plant against evil, pains and other bad things. By 1565, the plant was known as nicotaine, the basis of its genus name today. By this time, Europeans were discovering recreational uses of tobacco as well as its medicinal ones. As the opening speech of Moliere's Don Juan explains: . . . there is nothing like tobacco. It's the passion of the virtuous man and whoever lives without tobacco isn't worthy of living. Not only does it purge the human brain, but it also instructs the soul in virtue and one learns from it how to be a virtuous man. Haven't you noticed how well one treats another after taking it. . . tobacco inspires feelings, honor and virtue in all those who take it. Although it is likely that both Nicotiana rustica and Nicotiana tabacum, the two major species of tobacco, were grown as curiosities in the gardens of English botanists and apothecaries, smoking the herb for recreation was virtually unknown until mid-sixteenth century. The general English population was most likely first introduced to tobacco by Sir John Hawkins, who displayed it with the riches he accrued from a voyage to Florida in 1565. Probably the most famous Englishman associated with the introduction of tobacco is Sir Walter Ralegh. Settlers rescued from his Roanoke Island expedition in 1586 had picked up the habit of tobacco smoking (or "drinking" as it ca
What type of books were written by Moody and Sankey	Ira D. Sankey Collection - Lawrence County Historical Society Lawrence County Historical Society You are here: Home › Museum › Collections › Ira D. Sankey Collection Ira D. Sankey Collection Our Museum houses a large Ira D. Sankey collection. Our museum contains a room devoted especially to Sankey. Please visit our museum and peruse his hymn books or view never seen before Sankey photographs and diaries. Our collection includes the following rarities: Letters Books & Hymn Books The Traveling Organ of Ira D. Sankey & Dwight L. Moody One of the most famous Lawrence Countians, Ira Sankey, achieved international fame as a singer, evangelist and writer of gospel hymns. His influence through the songs he sang and wrote helped to change the attitude of many in the late 19th century churches from hostility toward “worldly” music to acceptance of gospel hymns as a means of reaching the hearts of believers. Ira David Sankey, son of David Sankey, known as the father of Lawrence County, and Mary Leeper Sankey, was born Aug.28, 1840, at Edinburg. At age 16 he was converted at a revival meeting at the King’s Chapel Church, about three miles from his home. While he was attending a YMCA international convention at Indianapolis in 1870, his singing and leadership came to the attention of Dwight L. Moody, a Chicago evangelist. Sankey, after serving briefly in the Union Army, had married and had two small children and a good job when Moody insisted that he come to Chicago to work with him. After only six months there, the great Chicago fire of Oct. 8, 1871 destroyed their church along with much of the city. He returned in 1872 to continue the work. In Ira Sankey’s cabinet organ which he took with him on his many evangelistic journeys was called a “Kist O’Whistles” in Scotland. The organ is on permanent display in the Sankey room at the Lawrence County Historical Society’s Clavelli History Center. June 1873, Moody and Sankey made the first of several trips to Great Britain. In two years the evangelists ministered to many gatherings of thousands of people, to students at Oxford and Cambridge, to Queen Victoria and others of the royal family. Children of Ira D. Sankey Throughout the English-speaking world, Sankey and Moody were the greatest team of evangelists of the 1870s, ’80s and ’90s. Sankey’s inspiring baritone voice was heard in Egypt. Jerusalem, Rome, Mexico and in most of the cities of America, England and Scotland. While in England in 1873, Sankey printed a little pamphlet of 23 of his favorite “Sacred Songs and Solos.” It was well received, and eventually grew to a book of 1,200 pieces. At one time Sankey’s books of hymns had sold more copies than any book save the Bible. One publisher sold more than 80 million copies. Only some of the hymns were written by Sankey. Most were composed by other writers, many of whom were his friends and contemporaries. Sankey in Rome. Photograph taken during his 1898 tour of Italy. His most famous hymn, “The Ninety and Nine,” is a poem written by Elizabeth Clephane. Called upon by Moody for an additional solo at a service in Edinburgh, Scotland, Sankey was inspired to play on the organ the melody not previously composed as he sang the words he had clipped from the newspaper a few days earlier. Another of his favorites, sung many times, including at a memorial service for Queen Victoria’s grandson, was “Sometime We’ll Understand,” the words of which were written by Rev. Maxwell N. Cornelius, D.D., a native of North Beaver Township, Lawrence County. Ira D. Sankey died Aug.13, 1908 in Brooklyn. To hear an original recording (1898) of Sankey singing “The Ninety and Nine”, visit this YouTube page: http://youtu.be/ACqeqjLRCCo Click on photo to enlarge Here is a fascinating caricature of Mr ID Sankey by Carlo Pellegrini published April 10,1875. Vanity Fair portrait, Men of the Day No.102. Photo credits: Mr. I.D. Sankey, “Praise & Prayer” from The City College of New York is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 (To see what items are available from our online STORE, click here and type Sankey into our search bo
In literature who was Cedric Errol	· June 27, 2015 · Did you know? "Cedie" originally came from a children's book called "Little Lord Fauntleroy" in 1885, written by the same author of "A Little Princess" (Sarah, ang munting prinsesa) and "The Secret Garden" (Si Mary at ang lihim na hardin). It was then created into an anime "Shoukoushi Cedie" in 1988 and was first shown in local television in 1992. How old were you when you first watch Cedie on the television? ...
How many teats does a nanny goat have	Goat Facts - GoatWorld Articles - GOATWORLD.COM About the Author Origins of the Goat Goats were one of the first animals to be tamed by humans and were being herded 9,000 years ago. They are a member of the cattle family and are believed to be descended from the wild goat, bezoar. Breeds of Goats There are over 210 breeds of goats with an estimated 450 million goats in the world (2001). Of the 450 million goats in the world, it is estimated that approximately 6 to 8 % of them are in North America (2001). The majority of the world goat population can be found in the Mideast and Asia. Eating Habits Goats are ruminants or cud chewing animals that eat cracked or ground corn mixed with oats, hay and grass. Most breeders and producers prefer to limit the amount of corn in a goat's diet, preferring to feed specialized goat feed mixes with the majority of the diet being made up in a mixed, grassy alfalfa and other weeds, browse and shrubs known to be compatible with a goat's nutritional needs. Goats also have specific mineral and vitamin requirements that determine their overall health and production. These requirements often vary between breeds of goats and coloration of the goat. Most people believe that goats will eat almost anything and this is simply not true. The goat has very sensitive lips and their natural curiosity gives them a habit of "mouthing" and "smelling" for food that is clean and tasty. Goats will not eat soiled food (unless they are pushed to the point of starvation - often preferring to starve). Teeth Goats have a lower set of teeth which meet a hard pad in the upper jaw, and 24 molars on the top and bottom in the back of their mouths. Kids have 8 small, sharp teeth in their lower front jaw, and like children, when their baby teeth fall out they are replaced by permanent teeth. The age of a goat can often be closely determined by their teeth. Health The overall health of a goat is largely determined by their environment, genetics and nutrition. There are a number of illnesses that can affect a goat both in chronic and curable form. Some of these illnesses can be passed to humans and other animals while some illnesses are specific to goats. Much research is being done to provide more drugs that are approved for use in goats. Two illnesses that can bring sudden death to a goat are coccidiosis and pneumonia. Of most concern to breeders and producers are worms and parasites. A goat that is ridden with parasites and worms and left untreated will most likely suffer a rapid decline in health, production and often result in death. Weight and Physical Characteristics Depending on their breed, female goats weigh between 22 to 220 pounds, whereas male goats weigh between 27 to 275 pounds and are bigger and shaggier in appearance than females. Male goats are also endowed with beards that grow longer as they get older. Female goats are also capable of growing a beard. With the advent of the Boer or "meat goat" in the United States, these standards are becoming somewhat variable. Cross-breeding and genetics have begun paving the future for new breeds of goats which will undoubtedly exceed current standards. Many a breeder and producer will share that their particular line of goats will often be bred for a specific characteristic or feature. It is important to understand that a "desirable" characteristic to one producer may be "undesirable" to another. Coloration Widely accepted as a "standard", depending upon the breed, goats may be cream, white, black or brown in coloring. However, as more cross-breeding and genetic enhancement is achieved, the results are often dazzling sets of colors not previously seen. In my experiences, cross-breeding can often result in the offspring displaying both sets of colors from the original breeds. These cross-bred goats are often referred to as "Brush Goats". Eyes The pupil in a goat's eye is rectangular in shape instead of being round like those of other animals. It is believed that goats have excellent night vision and will often browse at night. The actual color of the goat's eyes is va
Which breed of terrier is the smallest in stature as recognised by The Kennel Club	All about toy dog breeds \| Pets4Homes All About Toy Dog Breeds Pin it The name 'toy dog' is a catch-all title used by The Kennel Club to refer to dogs which are naturally small in stature (but often have large personalities!) and may come from any one of a wide variety of different types. Some doggy designations such as spaniels and terriers have specific breeds within their type which are classed as 'toy' dogs, while other animals from the same overall grouping may be full sized. Other terms which are often used when talking about toy dogs include lap dogs (referring to a dog which is small enough to comfortably sit on your lap) and 'teacup sized' to designate the very smallest of toy dogs which are even tinier than the usual half pint toy types! Depending on their breed, toy dogs may either have simply always been naturally small with their diminutive size being a basic trait of the breed, or in the case of dogs such as the English Toy Terrier, were selectively bred down from larger dogs to produce a smaller breed in its own right which shares many of the traits of their full sized cousins. The general qualities of toy dog breeds Other than the fact that all toy dogs are of course small in stature, there really are very few other similarities between toy dog types across the range! Some toy dogs are quiet and prone to laziness, and are not keen on vigorous exercise; others are full of beans and require a significant amount of stimulation. Some are easygoing, laid back and great with children, others considerably more high maintenance. As many toy dog breeds are specially bred descendants of other larger breeds such as those in the terrier and spaniel groupings, specific toy dogs depending on their types and origins may in fact have more in common with larger dogs of the same ancestry than they do with other small dogs of different breeds. A list of toy dog breeds What makes a dog a 'toy dog' or how they come to be defined as such varies from country to country and even with regional variations; the term toy dog is generally taken to be a catch-all phrase to denote any small dog of either a pure or mixed breed. The Kennel Club in the UK recognises a full twenty three dogs as being of a 'toy breed' for showing purposes; the current list consists of: Yorkshire Terrier Advantages and disadvantages of keeping a toy dog breed The first and most obvious advantage of keeping a toy dog rather than a dog of a larger breed is the fact that by virtue of their small size, they do not require as much living space as larger dogs. They require smaller bedding, kennels, crates and general accommodation, eat less, cost less to spay or neuter, flea and worm, and can be kept perfectly happily in smaller houses and flats while still being able to stretch their legs and move around freely. However, it would be a mistake to think that keeping a toy dog is automatically going to be easier or require less maintenance than keeping a larger dog; While they may be more similar in stature to cats, toy dogs are still 100% canine, and need to be treated as such! Just like larger dogs, toy dogs need to be walked at least once a day (or more often for more active breeds) interacted with regularly, correctly trained, played with and stimulated, and provided with companionship. Toy dogs are no more suited to being left enclosed and unsupervised for long periods of time while their owners are at work than any larger dog is, and they require all of the same time and financial commitment to their lifelong care as any other type of dog. As has been mentioned, there is a great amount of variation between different types of toy dog breeds in terms of their temperament, personality and exercise requirements. Some of the smaller dogs such as the Chihuahua only require short walks and light exercise, whereas others such as the English Toy Terrier and Italian Greyhound love long walks and energetic play. It's important to remember when walking any toy dog that they only have little legs, and you will need to account for their shortened pace and the fact tha
How many bones are there in a giraffe's neck	How many bones are in a giraffe's neck? \| Reference.com How many bones are in a giraffe's neck? A: Quick Answer There are seven bones in a giraffe's neck. A human neck has the same number of bones, though they are shorter. A male giraffe shows dominance by swinging its neck into the body of another giraffe. Full Answer Because of their lengthy necks, giraffes are able to feed off the leaves, fruits and flowers of tall trees. That reach is further extended by raising the head vertically upwards. Male giraffes can reach up to approximately 19 feet, which is about 3 feet higher than females can. A giraffe's foliage of choice is deciduous foliage during the rainy season and evergreen at other times.
What is on the badge of the Yugoslavian club Red Star	Yugoslav medals and badges YUGOSLAV MEDALS AND BADGES YU3189.Order of the Yugoslav Crown 3rd class. Instituted by King Alexander I in October 10, 1929 for civil and military merit. $375.00 YU3004.Order of the Yugoslav Crown 5th class. $175.00 YU3007.Commemorative medal for the War of 1876/1878. $69.95 YU3010.Commemorative medal for the War of 1913. $39.95 YU3025.Serbian WW1 Commemorative medal. $39.95 YUM3190.Order of the Cross of Takovo 5th class.Instituted 1868. $275.00 YUM3139.MILOS OBILICH Bravery medal. 1913. $89.95 YUM3009.Serbian Balkan War Commeration Medal. 1912. $39.95 YUM3016.Silver medal for Zelous service.1913. $69.95 YUM3008.Commemorative Medal for the War of 1876/1878. $79.95 YUM3011.Commemorative Medal for the 25th Anniversary of the Liberation of Southern Serbia.1937. $89.95 Yugoslav communist era Peoples Army breast badges Gilt and red enamel with coat of arms of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.$29.95 YU506.Yugoslav Army best soldier badges.Soldier with helmet, Yugoslav flag with red star, and inscription "JNA".$15.00 YM192.A rare Yugoslav BADGE issued in 1947 to commemorate the 30th Anniversary of the Soviet October Revolution. Red enameled flag with small 5-pointed golden star and sickle and hammer, a laurel branch and inscription "1947 - 30 Years of the Country of Socialism."$20.00 POLICE. Gilded bronze wide wings over a ring which has in the middle five pointed red star and inscription "JNA" (Yugoslav Peoples' Army). $29.95 YU3141.Airforce badge for the 98th sqadron. $45.00 YU3141B.Airforce badge for the 241st sqadron. $45.00 YU3052.Pre military training badge. Missing pin on reverse. $15.00 YU3053A.Yugoslav Shock Worker badges.Awarded to the participants of the Youth Working Brigades of Tito's time. Dated 1979 - 1983. $30.00 Para enameled in white and blue, with red five pointed star and in image of a plane in gilt. In form of a parachute, w/o pendant. Screw on backside. $45.00 YU728.Another very rare Yugoslav PARACHUTE BADGE, for PARACHUTE STUDENTS. White enameled parachute on dark blue field, with a red enameled five pointed star rimmed in gold on top. Screw on backside. $25.00 Police YU1099.Medium size BREAST BADGE FOR THE YUGOSLAV CIVILIAN TRAFFIC POLICE. Gilded bronze wide wings over a ring which has in the middle five pointed red star. Rare. $35.00 Yugoslav communist era Peoples Army medals and orders YU3050.Yugoslav Order of Labor 3rd class. Given to Individuals, collectives, military units for outstanding activity in production. $39.95 YU143.Yugoslav MEDAL FOR LABOR.Gilt bronze. With original pentagonal ribbon, blue and red stripes. In original case.$25.00 YM 144.Yugoslav Army Excellent Marksman medal.Gilt bronze; triangular blue-white-red original ribbon on a metal base.$15.00 YU152.A luxury medals and insignia set in a special display leatherette case, which contains: Medal of the 40th Anniversary of the Yugoslav People's Army, Medal of the 50th Anniversary of the Yugoslav People's Army, Badge of the General Staff Academy, Miniature of the Medal of Bravery and Miniature of the Order of Merit to the People. In perfect condition. $125.00 Model I - with 5 torches, Russian make. Silver and enamel; with screw on reverse and very low serial number (No. 751) in original case.$95.00 YU3047.Order of Brotherhood and Unity 2nd class. Pinback in original case. Silver and enamel. $65.00 YM141A.MEDAL OF MERIT TO THE PEOPLE. Type I - Inscription in Cyrillic letters. Gilt bronze. With original pentagonal ribbon, red and blue strips, also with ribbon bar and in original case.$45.00 YM141B.As above with ribbon bar,no case. In issue paper. $15.00 Misc. medals YU1336.A very rare Serbian TRAFFIC POLICE MEDAL called "Social Acknowledgement for the Safety on Roads in Serbia". White metal, with a small metal ribbon. In even more rare original cardboard case with inscriptions in gilt on the lid and inside. $45.00 173.A Danish TITO MEDAL. Issued in Copenhagen in 1977 by Danish sculptor Frode Bahnsen in the series of fa
Who was the first coloured Wimbledon singles champion	Wimbledon - Tennis Topics - ESPN Past Winners The Championships, Wimbledon, is an annual tennis tournament held each year in London. Wimbledon is the oldest tennis championship in the world and is considered by many the most prestigious, as well. It is one of the four Grand Slam tournaments -- the third in the calendar year -- and the only Grand Slam event held on grass. Wimbledon takes place each summer in June and July at the All England Club in Wimbledon, London. The tournament has garnered fame both for its exceptional tennis and its well-known traditions, such as the serving of strawberries and cream and Pimm's and lemonade. Wimbledon hosts championships for men's and women's singles and doubles, as well as mixed doubles. The tournament also has junior and invitational events during its two-week span. The Wimbledon Championships began in 1877, when the All England Club, founded solely as a croquet club, embraced the fast-growing sport of lawn tennis. The club decided to host a championship and, before it could do so, put together a set of rules and regulations for the sport (which are very similar to those used today). In 1877, the first year of the Lawn Tennis Championship, the club hosted only a gentlemen's singles competition. The first winner was Spencer Gore, who beat out a 22-man field. About 200 spectators attended the tournament. The tournament was considered a success, and it became an annual event. From the formation of the event until 1922, the previous year's champion received a bye into the final round, resulting in multiple repeat winners in the tournament's first few decades. Seven years after the first tournament, women were invited to play for the first time. Maud Watson was the first champion of that 1884 ladies' singles competition, winning out of a field of 13. Gentlemen's doubles were introduced in the same year, after the Oxford University club ended its doubles championship in 1883. Tennis was beginning to grow in popularity as a spectator sport. The growth of the sport and of the Wimbledon Championships was owed partly to the success of William and Ernest Renshaw, British twins who combined for 13 singles and doubles titles in eight years between 1881 and 1889. That period of surging interest among London spectators became known as the "Renshaw Rush." By 1900, Wimbledon was of international interest. In 1905, the Championships had its first overseas titleholder: American May Sutton, who won the ladies' singles. Two years later (as Sutton won her second title), Australian Norman Brookes won the men's singles competition, becoming the first men's international winner. Since that year, only two British men have won the men's singles event. After play was interrupted during World War I, the tournament moved into a new home when the club built much larger grounds on Church Road across town in Wimbledon. The centerpiece of that stadium, the current Centre Court, held 14,000 spectators and did wonders in expanding the tournament's prestige and popularity. Wimbledon continued to thrive after its move and hosted some of the world's best tennis players until it was put on hold once again during World War II. Soldiers nearby used the grounds for training and military functions, and Centre Court was hit by a bomb and suffered huge losses of seats. Some tennis was hosted in 1945, on No. 1 Court, but the Championships did not return until 1946. As Wimbledon became more and more international, the tournament was overrun by talented players from overseas: Rod Laver for the men, Maureen Connolly and Althea Gibson -- the first African-American winner -- for the women. But by the late 1950s, the amateurism of Wimbledon was failing the system. Amateur players were receiving far more money than was allowed by the ITF, and the Wimbledon board set out to reform the rules. Chairman Herman David attempted in 1959 to "open" the Championships, allowing all players to compete. The ITF denied the move a year later, and the Wimbledon board members continued to push for open play for years. In 1967, Wimbledon hosted a prof
On which racecourse did Frankie Dettori ride all seven winners at one meeting	Racing: The day Dettori's Magnificent Seven left the bookies in tears \| The Independent More Sports Racing: The day Dettori's Magnificent Seven left the bookies in tears It is 10 years since Ascot witnessed the mug punter's revenge as Frankie Dettori rode all seven winners. Chris McGrath recounts the joy and the despair of a unique event Friday 22 September 2006 23:00 BST Click to follow The Independent Online However briefly he seduced outsiders into his sport, on that heady day at Ascot 10 years ago, Frankie Dettori gave them a lasting lesson in its least ephemeral qualities. Imagine some other unfathomable landmark: Tiger Woods, say, shooting 18 consecutive birdies. Anyone who witnessed such a feat would marvel with a sense of communal privilege. When Dettori won all seven races on one of the most competitive cards of the year, however, it was the most intense experience not only in his own life, but many others, too. Never mind the pyramid of professional stories beneath each of those seven pinnacles - the years of patience and preparation vindicated by each horse that day. For many others to whom the day became unforgettable, 28 September, 1996 dawned with no more promise or interest than a thousand other Saturdays. Before dusk, Dettori would spin them faster and faster round his carousel, seemingly out of control, pivoting wildly round the molten fulcrum of his own instincts. Just as Dettori, through the afternoon, gradually harnessed himself to some intuitive momentum, beyond his own skill and ambition - everyone agrees he would never have won the seventh race had it been the first - so those with fortunes at stake became helpless, stricken, sick to their stomachs. The ordinary rules of engagement between bookmaker and punter crumbled into anarchy. And, when Dettori deliriously crossed the line a seventh time, with Pat Eddery in blazing, resentful pursuit, he completed an incalculable rout. It was the Mug Punter's revenge. At 25, this effusive Italian was the natural focus of any impulsive bet. And none could be more frivolous than the blind combination of all seven of his mounts on a day such as this. True, Gordon Richards once went through a six-race card at Chepstow, part of a spree of 12 consecutive winners over three days. But this meeting at Ascot, as will be seen again today, was the sort where any jockey would settle for one winner. As Dettori himself said that morning: "I could have an each-way chance in the first, and I may win the third." Mary Bolton was immune to such pragmatism. She and her husband, John, had come up to London from Somerset to celebrate their wedding anniversary. She was to spend the day shopping, while he went to Ascot. To give his wife an interest, John made her a present of a bet at Ladbrokes in Dover Street, Mayfair. She elected a permutation of Frankie's mounts, including a £5 each-way accumulator. "It was because of his character," Mary explained later. "All his smiling and silly nonsense when he wins." Hers was just one of dozens of similar stories, up and down the nation. Many, inevitably, were poignantly mirrored by the disabled man who combined the first six, before changing his mind and ripping up his betting slip; or by the cleaner who had 50p on each of the seven. She collected £19. Had she added a 50p accumulator, she would have won £12,047.50 at starting prices, and around £120,000 if taking the morning odds. In turn, the difference between those two payouts would become a gripping sub-plot. Gradually, the High Street betting shop chains realised that they were horribly exposed. After Decorated Hero won the fourth, their liability managers began to sweat. After Fatefully won the next, off-duty bosses started to call in. In the starting price system, the tail wags the dog. Off-course bets are settled at the final odds in the racecourse betting ring. The shop chains protect their own position by "sending" bets into the ring, so forcing down the price about a particular horse. When Lochangel won the sixth, a £1 accumulator was worth £8,365.50. That sum would now run on to
Who was the first F1driver to to win a Grand Prix for four different teams	F1 drivers who dominated their home grand prix list Meet the F1 drivers who dominated at home These Formula One drivers were unstoppable when racing at their home Grand Prix. Hamilton celebrates a fourth win at Silverstone © Daimler Global Media By Tom Bellingham on 11 July 2016 The 2016 British Grand Prix saw Lewis Hamilton take his third consecutive win at Silverstone and his fourth home victory. It puts him equal with Nigel Mansell and one behind Jim Clark as the most successful British driver at the British Grand Prix. Along with the Monaco Grand Prix, their home race is one every driver wants to win, but not everyone is lucky enough to achieve it. These guys did however. Many, many times... Prost’s maiden win came in France © Rainer Schlegelmilch/Getty Images Alain Prost Six-time winner of the French Grand Prix (1981, 1983, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1993) Alain Prost took 51 wins in his career and six of them came in his home country of France. Prost's first French Grand Prix was also his maiden F1 win, when he won at Dijon in 1981. His second home victory came at Paul Ricard in 1983 before he won at the circuit for three consecutive years between 1988 and 1990. Prost's final win in France came at the country's most recent F1 venue, Magny Cours, where in 1993 he secured a sixth home victory, something no other Formula One driver has achieved. Clark won the British Grand Prix five times © Rainer Schlegelmilch/Getty Images Jim Clark Five-time winner of the British Grand Prix (1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1967) Still considered as one of the greatest of all-time, a fifth of Jim Clark's Formula One wins came in Britain. Like Prost, Clark's home victories came at a number of different circuits due to the British Grand Prix having no permanent venue during the 1960s. His first win came at Aintree, when it hosted the race for the last time in 1963. A year later he won at Silverstone, and the year after that Brands Hatch. Two more British Grand Prix victories came at Silverstone before his tragic death at Hockenheim in 1968. Related Stories
In what sport do the Sheffield Hatters participate	BBC News \| Race Click here for more A lower proportion of people from ethnic minorities take part in sport, compared with the national average. A study by the English Sports Council, Sport England, revealed that many people from ethnic minorities were keen to give sport it a go - but said they did not have access to facilities. Some also cited racist incidents which had put them off - one in ten men of African or Caribbean origin said they had had a negative experience in sport because of their ethnicity. Sport England is trying to increase the profile of sport and its health and social benefits in ethnic minority communities around Britain. The council awards grants of up to �5,000 to organisations which encourage ethnic minority participation in sport. Local athletics groups and organisations like Sheffield's Pitsmoor Somali Club are among those who have already benefited from extra cash. Successful sports Some sports have already been successful in achieving a broader racial mix of participants, but there is still room for improvement. Basketball: Growing in popularity Basketball is hugely popular with young black players, partly because of its accessibility to those living in inner cities. Black American role models such as Michael Jordan and Magic Johnson have also helped to promote the game and make it fashionable. Two years ago, a fifth of the 4,000 players registered at National League level were from an African or Caribbean background. However only 1.4% were Asian. The game also suffers from stereotyping. Researchers from Leeds Metropolitan University spoke to spectators at several league basketball games. They discovered that while 82.3% of spectators though basketball was a �natural' sport for African-Caribbeans, only 65.1% considered it a �natural' sport for Asians. The researchers also concluded that the national structure of basketball in the UK was dominated by a white hierarchy. Sporting Equals, a partnership between Sport England and the Commission for Racial Equality (CRE), believes the picture is similar in many other sports. Their strategy is to tackle inequality in management and club structures to bring better racial equality and less discrimination at all levels. "The high profile sports obviously get more coverage," says Novlette Rennie, Sporting Equals' project manager. "But in terms of the internal workings of an organisation we sometimes don't hear about what happens behind closed doors." Click here to watch an interview with Novlette Rennie In March, the former head of the CRE Lord Ouseley called on the Football Association to explain why there were no black members on the FA's council. He claimed that the game was run "by an old boys network," and bemoaned the lack of representation of ethnic minorities on county associations. Charter for sport All this could change as the Football Association prepares to sign up to Sporting Equals' Racial Equality Charter for Sport. By signing the charter, organisations pledge to fight racism and promote racial equality at all levels of their sport. "We're really pleased that the Football Association is coming on board," says Novlette. "As one of the most high profile sports in Britain, I think it's really important that the FA demonstrates its commitment publicly. Then when we do hear examples of racism taking place, people will be confident that the FA will be taking action." Around 30 national associations have already signed up to the charter and are making moves to improve racial equality in their sports. Another seven - including governing bodies for cricket, hockey, basketball and tennis - are working their way through a set of standards to help them work towards better racial equality. "Rugby League, for example, has produced and translated an information leaflet that targets a number of ethnic minority communities," explains Novlette. "Some sports have given coaching scholarships for ethnic minorities and are looking at mentoring programmes for pe
Who played opposite Meryl Streep in the film Ironweed	Ironweed (1987) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error An alcoholic drifter spends Halloween in his home town of Albany, NY after returning there for the first time in decades. Director: a list of 21 titles created 31 Jul 2012 a list of 22 titles created 01 Dec 2013 a list of 25 titles created 23 Jul 2014 a list of 22 titles created 07 Jan 2015 a list of 45 titles created 18 Feb 2015 Search for " Ironweed " on Amazon.com Connect with IMDb Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Nominated for 2 Oscars. Another 2 wins & 2 nominations. See more awards » Photos A mother whose child was killed in a Dingo attack in the Australian outback fights to prove her innocence when she is accused of murder. Director: Fred Schepisi A professional hit man and hit woman fall in love. Director: John Huston A young Englishwoman spends 20 years to make whatever kind of life for herself at the expense of others around her in post-World War 2 England. Director: Fred Schepisi A corrupted border agent decides to clean up his act when an impoverished woman's baby is put up for sale on the black market. Director: Tony Richardson An autobiographical look at the breakup of Ephron's marriage to Carl "All the President's Men" Bernstein that was also a best-selling novel. The Ephron character, Rachel is a food writer at... See full summary » Director: Mike Nichols The story of Karen Silkwood, a metallurgy worker at a plutonium processing plant who was purposefully contaminated, psychologically tortured and possibly murdered to prevent her from exposing blatant worker safety violations at the plant. Director: Mike Nichols A film is being made of a story, set in 19th century England, about Charles, a biologist who's engaged to be married, but who falls in love with outcast Sarah, whose melancholy makes her ... See full summary » Director: Karel Reisz Respected liberal Senator Joe Tynan is asked to lead the opposition to a Supreme Court appointment. It means losing an old friend and fudging principles to make the necessary deals, as well... See full summary » Director: Jerry Schatzberg A career woman reassesses her parents' lives after she is forced to care for her cancer-stricken mother. Director: Carl Franklin The sequel to Chinatown (1974) finds Jake Gittes investigating adultery and murder... and the money that comes from oil. Director: Jack Nicholson The sensuous wife of a lunch wagon proprietor and a rootless drifter begin a sordidly steamy affair and conspire to murder her Greek husband. Director: Bob Rafelson Story of a schoolteacher's struggle to teach violin to inner-city Harlem kids. Director: Wes Craven Edit Storyline Albany, New York, Halloween, 1938. Francis Phelan and Helen Archer are bums, back in their birth city. She was a singer on the radio, he a major league pitcher. Death surrounds them: she's sick, a pal has cancer, he digs graves at the cemetery and visits the grave of his infant son whom he dropped; visions of his past haunt him, including ghosts of two men he killed. That night, out drinking, Helen tries to sing at a bar. Next day, Fran visits his wife and children and meets a grandson. He could stay, but decides it's not for him. Helen gets their things out of storage and finds a hotel. Amidst their mistakes and dereliction, the film explores their code of fairness and loyalty. Written by <[email protected]> 12 February 1988 (USA) See more » Also Known As: Tallo de hierro See more » Filming Locations: Did You Know? Trivia The film's source novelist William Kennedy wrote a non-fiction book about the production of this picture with it being entitled "The Making of Ironweed (1987)" and it being first published in 1988 which was the following year after Ironweed (1987) had been first released into theaters. See more » Goofs The
Who had a U.K. No 1 in the 90's with Love is all Around	"Love Is All around Wet Wet Wet Again" - The Journal (Newcastle, England), November 29, 2004 \| Online Research Library: Questia Article excerpt Byline: By Sam Wonfor It looked like the well had run dry for Wet Wet Wet fans when the band split up at the back end of the 90s. But the boys are back back back, and looking forward to thrilling a Tyneside crowd this week, as Sam Wonfor discovers. When Wet Wet Wet got back together last year, after a seven-year hiatus brought about by a messy split, they weren't sure whether anyone would still be interested. They were quickly reassured. "When we started doing in-store appearances at record shops, we were worried it was going to be a few people and their dog, you know," says drummer Tommy Cunningham. "So it was great that they came out in their droves. "We're still in people's hearts, and that makes us feel vindicated, it makes it worth it. It obviously felt like unfinished business to everyone else out there as well." Wet Wet Wet certainly had enormous success in the 80s and 90s. Three of their songs got to No 1, and one ( the inescapable Love Is All Around ( had the longest stay at No 1 for a UK act, topping the charts for 15 weeks. Although it's currently fashionable for 80s bands to stage comebacks, it came as a great surprise when Wet Wet Wet announced they were getting back together to write some new songs for their Greatest Hits album. For when the band split in 1999, there seemed to be little chance of them ever reforming. The beginning of the end came in 1997 when Wet Wet Wet, which also includes lead singer Marti Pellow, bassist Graeme Clark and keyboard player Neil Mitchell, gathered at their company offices in Glasgow to discuss royalties. Previously the money had been split equally, but the band wanted to cut Tommy's quarter share. Disgusted, he walked out. Without him, the other band members limped on for a bit, touring the following year, but the damage was done. "It's weird," says Tommy, "because the time of our biggest successes was the most painful. The most joyous was when we've been on the bones of our arses. When a Lear jet becomes ordinary, you know there's a problem." Tommy went back to `normal' life, becoming a family man and running a number of businesses. … Subscribe to Questia and enjoy: Full access to this article and over 10 million more from academic journals, magazines, and newspapers Over 83,000 books Access to powerful writing and research tools Article details Subscribe to Questia and enjoy: Full access to this article and over 10 million more from academic journals, magazines, and newspapers Over 83,000 books Access to powerful writing and research tools Article details
What does B.B. King call his favourite guitar	The Legacy of Lucille: The Surprising Story Behind B.B. King's Guitar - Rolling Stone The Legacy of Lucille: The Surprising Story Behind B.B. King's Guitar The Legacy of Lucille: The Surprising Story Behind B.B. King's Guitar After it was rescued from a fire, the guitar became an icon B.B. King and his guitar, Lucille, were virtually inseparable for more than a half-century. Credit: Paul Natkin/Getty Eric Clapton had "Blackie" and "Brownie"; Willie Nelson has "Trigger" ; Keith Richards, "Micawber." But before all of them, B.B. King had "Lucille." More News B.B. King, Blues Legend, Dead at 89 Brilliant bluesman who inspired a generation of guitarists and singers dies after decades-long battle with diabetes For more than a half-century, the bluesman and Lucille have been virtually inseparable — few, if any, relationships between man and guitar have persevered for as long or proven more fruitful. Lucille is the stinging single-note lines that punctuate "The Thrill Is Gone" and "Sweet Little Angel"; the embodiment of the whole of American blues music on U2's "When Love Comes to Town"; and, more generally speaking, the sound that has stirred and inspired guitarists for generations. Lucille also serves as B.B. King's voice, as much as the bluesman's actual voice. "The minute I stop singing orally," he once said , "I start to sing by playing Lucille." One thing that Lucille is not — unlike Blackie, Trigger or Micawber — is a one-of-a-kind instrument. Through the years, there have been many Lucilles. Today, Lucille is widely recognized as a black-with-gold-hardware Gibson ES-355–style guitar. But she came into being as a much different instrument, one born — in a origin story befitting a blues icon — in a burst of fighting and fire. Related PHOTOS: 10 Legendary Acts That Wouldn't Exist Without B.B. King From Jimi Hendrix to Stevie Ray Vaughan, King's impact is large and undeniable Lucille's beginnings date to 1949, when King, then in his early 20s, was performing at a nightclub in Twist, Arkansas, in the dead of winter. To heat the cold room, King recalled in a video interview , "they would take something that looked like a big garbage pail, half fill it with kerosene, light that fuel [and] set it in the middle of the dance floor." All well and good, but on this night, a fight broke out between two men, and the pail was knocked over. "It spilled on the floor, it looked like a river fire," the guitarist said. "And everyone started to run for the front door, including B.B. King." The blueseman managed to make it to safety outside — only to realize he had left his guitar behind. He raced back inside to retrieve it even as the wooden building, he said, "started to fall in around me." The next day, he learned that two men had died in the blaze and that the fight that had set off the tragic chain of events had been over a woman who worked at the club. Her name was Lucille. Werner B.B., who claimed he "almost lost [his] life" rushing back into the nightclub, christened his guitar after her, he said, "to remind me never to do a thing like that again." The original Lucille — the guitar King rescued that night in the fire — was an inexpensive, small-bodied Gibson L-30 archtop. The singer would go on to play a range of guitars over the ensuing years, attaching the Lucille name to each one. He was particularly drawn to Gibsons of the semi-hollow "ES" (Electric Spanish) variety, such as the ES-335 model that can be heard on his legendary 1965 disc, Live at the Regal. He eventually arrived at the ES-355, a top-of-the-line model boasting stately looks (gold-plated hardware, multi-layered binding, big mother-of-pearl fretboard markers) and a sharp but sweet tone bolstered by dual humbucking pickups and stereo and mono outputs. The ES-355 remained B.B.'s instrument of choice until the early Eighties, when he collaborated with Gibson to create his own signature model. Known as the Gibson "Lucille," the guitar was essentially a 355 outfitted with several modifications, some of them aesthetic (the personalized "Lucille" headstock), and others mor
Who played the part of Fleur in The Forsyte Saga	The Forsyte Saga (TV Mini-Series 1967) - IMDb The Forsyte Saga The extended Forsyte family live a more than pleasant upper middle class life in Victorian and later Edwardian England. The two central characters are Soames Forsyte and his cousin Jolyon ... See full summary » Stars: Visit IMDb Picks Related News a list of 22 titles created 06 Jul 2011 a list of 25 titles created 18 Oct 2012 a list of 33 titles created 15 Nov 2013 a list of 25 titles created 17 May 2015 a list of 27 titles created 13 Sep 2015 Title: The Forsyte Saga (1967– ) 8.7/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Won 1 Primetime Emmy. Another 3 wins & 2 nominations. See more awards » Photos The Forsyte Saga (TV Mini-Series 2002) Drama \| Romance Chronicles the lives of three generations of the upper-middle-class British family, the Forsytes, from the 1870s to 1920. Stars: Damian Lewis, Rupert Graves, Gina McKee The trials of the British aristocratic Bellamy family and their household staff. Stars: Gordon Jackson, David Langton, Jean Marsh Louisa Trotter works her way up from being a skivvy to being the Queen of cooks, cook to the King, and owner of the Bentinck Hotel. Her life and happenings among the guests and staff of the... See full summary » Stars: Gemma Jones, Victoria Plucknett, John Welsh James Onedin marries Anne Webster in order to get his hands on a ship. However the marriage turns out to be one of true love. James is ruthless in his attempt to get a shipping line started... See full summary » Stars: Peter Gilmore, Jessica Benton, Howard Lang The British Raj: though their position seems secure, thoughtful English men and women know that "their" time in India is coming to an end. The story begins with an unjust arrest for rape, ... See full summary » Stars: Tim Pigott-Smith, Geraldine James, Wendy Morgan Elizabeth R (TV Mini-Series 1971) Biography \| Drama When Elizabeth Tudor comes to the throne, her (male) advisers know she has to marry. Doesn't she? Thus starts a decades-long political/ matrimonial game, during an age of high passions and high achievement. Stars: Glenda Jackson, Ronald Hines, Robert Hardy The Barchester Chronicles (TV Mini-Series 1982) Drama When a crusade against the Church of England's practice of self-enrichment misfires, scandal taints the cozy community of Barchester when their local church becomes the object of a scathing, investigative report. Stars: Donald Pleasence, Janet Maw, Nigel Hawthorne Brideshead Revisited (TV Mini-Series 1981) Drama \| Romance An aristocratic English family is shown in the years between the Great War and The Second World War, often at the crumbling family estate, Brideshead Manor, trying to deal with family ... See full summary » Stars: Jeremy Irons, Diana Quick, Roger Milner The Pallisers (TV Mini-Series 1974) Drama \| Romance Follows the novels of Anthony Trollope. Beginning with the forced Marriage of Susan Hampshire's character, Glencora, the lives of the friends and children of this couple are the subject of ... See full summary » Stars: Susan Hampshire, Philip Latham, Barbara Murray
By what nickname was William 11 known	BBC - History - William II (Rufus) z William II © Known as William Rufus because of his ruddy complexion, he was the third son of William the Conqueror (William I) and inherited the English throne from him. William was born in around 1056 and almost nothing is known about his childhood. At his death in 1087, William I bequeathed his original inheritance, the Duchy of Normandy, to his eldest son, Robert Curthose. He gave England to William, his third and favourite son, who was crowned in September 1087. In 1088, William faced a baronial rebellion inspired by his uncle, Odo of Bayeux, in favour of Robert. But Robert failed to appear and the revolt soon collapsed. In 1089, he laid claim to Normandy and waged war against Robert, who he defeated and reduced to a subordinate role. In 1096, Robert went on Crusade, mortgaging Normandy to William (for 10,000 marks), who raised the money by levying a heavy and much-resented tax in England. William faced opposition from Scotland and in 1091 he compelled Malcolm III, King of the Scots to acknowledge his overlordship. Malcolm revolted in November 1093, but William's forces crushed his army near Alnwick and Malcolm was killed. Thereafter, William maintained the Scottish kings as vassals. William also had difficult relations with the church. He kept bishoprics vacant to make use of their revenues, and had numerous arguments with Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1093. When Anselm left for Rome in 1097 to seek the advice of the pope, William seized his estates. On 2 August 1100, William died when he was shot by an arrow while out hunting. It was accepted as an accident, but could have been an assassination. It has been suggested that his alleged slayer, Walter Tirel, was acting under orders from William's younger brother, Henry, who promptly seized the throne as Henry I.
Who was the last British monarch of the House of Hanover	House of Hanover - YouTube House of Hanover Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Jul 6, 2011 The House of Hanover (the Hanoverians) is a deposed German royal dynasty which has ruled the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg (German: Braunschweig-Lüneburg), the Kingdom of Hanover, the Kingdom of Great Britain, the Kingdom of Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It succeeded the House of Stuart as monarchs of Great Britain and Ireland in 1714 and held that office until the death of Victoria in 1901. They are sometimes referred to as the House of Brunswick and Lüneburg, Hanover line. The House of Hanover is a younger branch of the House of Welf, which in turn is the senior branch of the House of Este. Queen Victoria was the granddaughter of George III, and was an ancestor of most major European royal houses. She arranged marriages for her children and grandchildren across the continent, tying Europe together; this earned her the nickname "the grandmother of Europe". She was the last British monarch of the House of Hanover; her son King Edward VII belonged to the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, the line of his father, Prince Albert. Since Victoria could not inherit the German kingdom and duchies under Salic law, those possessions passed to the next eligible male heir, her uncle Ernest Augustus I of Hanover, the Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale—the fifth son of George III. The current head of the House of Hanover is Ernst August V, Prince of Hanover. for more informations: http://www.welfen.de/ (in german) Category
In which town did Mrs. Simpson get her divorce before marrying Edward V111	Wallis Simpson's secret letters to her ex-husband - Telegraph The Royal Family Wallis Simpson's secret letters to her ex-husband A newly uncovered cache of notes to Ernest Simpson reveals the anguish she was suffering at the start of her tumultuous royal affair with Edward, Prince of Wales Wallis Simpson turned to her ex-husband Ernest for support Photo: HULTON/GETTY By Anne Sebba Comments I remember how my heart leapt. It was a routine interview with someone who had insisted they had nothing to tell me; a name to be ticked off my list. After a polite chat, describing my work and my findings thus far, my host went out and brought back a packet of blue letters, tied up with ribbon, saying: “You might find these interesting.” Almost immediately, as I struggled to decipher the large, round handwriting of Wallis Simpson, I realised I was holding dynamite. The letters were still in their original envelopes so the postmarks – 1936 and 1937 from various destinations – told me this was Wallis in the midst of her scandalous divorce from Ernest Simpson, a divorce that led to the abdication of the British monarch and nearly broke up the Empire. Edward VIII, formerly the Prince of Wales, had been King for just a few months, and there was turmoil in Europe as Fascists and Nazis seized control where they could. I took out my notebook and immediately started transcribing. “I am terrified of the court,” jumped out at me from the first letter in the series, postmarked Felixstowe. Wallis had taken up temporary residence in the town in October 1936 so that her divorce case could be heard at nearby Ipswich Assizes. She hoped this would ensure it would go through swiftly before the British press found out about it. (American journalists, well aware of the new King’s love for this Baltimore divorcée, had been writing about the royal romance for months and were out in force.) But, extraordinarily, here she was two days before the case, writing not to the man she apparently wanted to marry but to the man she was about to divorce, telling him of her innermost fears and anxieties. “I feel small and licked by it all,” she admitted, begging him to give her courage. She was lonely and did not understand herself, “which was the cause of all the misery”. Her new relationship had become a “mess and awakening emptiness”. Related Articles Zara Phillips jokes: I'll tell my children to take up another sport 14 Aug 2011 As I read on in utter amazement at the intimate tone of these 15 unpublished letters, written to a man she was supposed to hate, I discovered a desperately unhappy woman terrified of being physically attacked – she was receiving alarming letters threatening her life, including bomb warnings – and full of anxiety about her future. Another letter to Ernest dated November 30 1936, a day full of portent as Crystal Palace burned down, outlined her determination to escape the country, “perhaps for ever” if she could. She knew she would have to lie to the King about where she was going (“Telling him the old 'search for hats’ story”), as he had threatened suicide if she left him. But remaining in England, where she had been dubbed by some “the Yankee Harlot”, was intolerable. Even Prime Minister Baldwin, who had urged Edward to keep Wallis as a mistress (just not to marry her), thought there was a real danger of her being attacked. Soon after this, Wallis did leave the country – for France – but only because the King had sent her away for her own safety, not for the total escape she craved. Even then her letters to Ernest continued.She apologises to Ernest for not buying him a Christmas present as she cannot escape from her “prison”. Following their divorce in May 1937, Wallis continued writing to Ernest – even on her honeymoon from Schloss Wasserleonburg in Austria, telling him: “I think of us so much though I try not to.” There is also a letter to Ernest from her famous trip to Germany, where she shook hands with Hitler. “Wherever you are, you can be sure that never a day goes by without some hours’ thought of you,” she writes, reassuring he
In which month do British monarchs have their official birthday	Why do British monarchs have two birthdays? - Ask History Ask History June 13, 2014 By Elizabeth Harrison Share Did you know that Buckingham Palace has a helipad and a lake? Get the facts and history behind the Queen's official London residence. Share this: Why do British monarchs have two birthdays? Author Why do British monarchs have two birthdays? URL Google There are many advantages and responsibilities that come with being the reigning monarch of England, but one surprising perk is getting two birthdays each year. This year Saturday, June 11 marks the Queen’s official birthday, and will be celebrated around the Commonwealth. However, Elizabeth II was actually born on April 21. The British monarch’s official birthday is not held on the same day each year, but instead is observed on a Saturday in June, usually the first or second weekend of the month. So why the moveable feast? Mostly because of the weather. The sovereign’s official birthday involves a lot of outdoor activities—such as the Trooping of the Colour military parade—and so the festivities were assigned a date when it was likely to be nice out. This shifted-birthday tradition dates back to 1748, when the annual summer military cavalcade became a celebration of the king as well as the armed forces—even though George II’s birthday was in October. Since then a monarch’s official birthday has generally been held in the summer, often quite removed from their actual day of birth. Elizabeth II’s great-grandfather Edward VII was born in November, but his official birthday celebration was always held in May or June. Elizabeth’s son Charles was also born in November and will most likely follow the convention when he ascends the throne. Tags
Who was the first test tube baby	First Test-Tube Baby - Louise Brown First Test-Tube Baby - Louise Brown Medical Advances & Issues First Test-Tube Baby - Louise Brown The team who pioneered in-vitro fertilization. On the left Cambridge, physiologist Dr. Robert Edwards holding the world's first test tube baby, Louise Joy Brown and (on the right) gynecologist Mr. Patrick Steptoe. (July 25, 1978). (Photo by Keystone/Getty Images) By Jennifer Rosenberg Updated February 04, 2016. On July 25, 1978, Louise Joy Brown, the world's first successful "test-tube" baby was born in Great Britain. Although the technology that made her conception possible was heralded as a triumph in medicine and science, it also caused many to consider the possibilities of future ill-use. Previous Attempts Every year, millions of couples try to conceive a child; unfortunately, many find that they cannot. The process to find out how and why they have infertility issues can be long and arduous. Before the birth of Louise Brown, those women who were found to have fallopian tube blockages (approximately twenty percent of infertile women) had no hope of becoming pregnant. Usually, conception occurs when an egg cell (ovum) in a woman is released from an ovary, travels through a fallopian tube, and is fertilized by the man's sperm. The fertilized egg continues to travel while it undergoes numerous cell divisions. It then rests in the uterus to grow. continue reading below our video The First Test Tube Baby Women with fallopian tube blockages cannot conceive because their eggs cannot travel through their fallopian tubes to get fertilized. Dr. Patrick Steptoe , a gynecologist at Oldham General Hospital, and Dr. Robert Edwards , a physiologist at Cambridge University, had been actively working on finding an alternative solution for conception since 1966. While Drs. Steptoe and Edwards had successfully found a way to fertilize an egg outside a woman's body, they were still troubled by problems after replacing the fertilized egg back into the woman's uterus. By 1977, all of the pregnancies resulting from their procedure (about 80) had lasted only a few, short weeks. Lesley Brown became different when she successfully passed the first few weeks of pregnancy. Lesley and John Brown Lesley and John Brown were a young couple from Bristol who had been unable to conceive for nine years. Lesley Brown had blocked fallopian tubes. Having gone from doctor to doctor for help to no avail, she was referred to Dr. Patrick Steptoe in 1976. On November 10, 1977, Lesley Brown underwent the very experimental in vitro ("in glass") fertilization procedure. Using a long, slender, self-lit probe called a "laparoscope," Dr. Steptoe took an egg from one of Lesley Brown's ovaries and handed it to Dr. Edwards. Dr. Edwards then mixed Lesley's egg with John's sperm. After the egg was fertilized, Dr. Edwards placed it into a special solution that had been created to nurture the egg as it began to divide. Previously, Drs. Steptoe and Edwards had waited until the fertilized egg had divided into 64 cells (about four or five days later). This time, however, they decided to place the fertilized egg back into Lesley's uterus after just two and a half days. Close monitoring of Lesley showed that the fertilized egg had successfully embedded into her uterus wall. Then, unlike all the other experimental in vitro fertilization pregnancies, Lesley passed week after week and then month after month with no apparent problems. The world began to talk about this amazing procedure. Ethical Problems Lesley Brown's pregnancy gave hope to hundreds of thousands of couples not able to conceive. Yet, as many cheered this new medical breakthrough, others were worried about future implications. The most important question was whether this baby was going to be healthy. Had being outside the womb, even for just a couple of days, harmed the egg? If the baby had medical problems, did the parents and doctors have a right to play with nature and thus bring it into the world? Doctors also worried that if the baby wasn't normal, would the process be blamed wh
Where in the body would you find rod cells and cone cells	The Rods and Cones of the Human Eye Rods and Cones The retina contains two types of photoreceptors, rods and cones. The rods are more numerous, some 120 million, and are more sensitive than the cones. However, they are not sensitive to color. The 6 to 7 million cones provide the eye's color sensitivity and they are much more concentrated in the central yellow spot known as the macula. In the center of that region is the " fovea centralis ", a 0.3 mm diameter rod-free area with very thin, densely packed cones. The experimental evidence suggests that among the cones there are three different types of color reception. Response curves for the three types of cones have been determined. Since the perception of color depends on the firing of these three types of nerve cells, it follows that visible color can be mapped in terms of three numbers called tristimulus values . Color perception has been successfully modeled in terms of tristimulus values and mapped on the CIE chromaticity diagram . Go Back Cone Details Current understanding is that the 6 to 7 million cones can be divided into "red" cones (64%), "green" cones (32%), and "blue" cones (2%) based on measured response curves . They provide the eye's color sensitivity. The green and red cones are concentrated in the fovea centralis . The "blue" cones have the highest sensitivity and are mostly found outside the fovea, leading to some distinctions in the eye's blue perception . The cones are less sensitive to light than the rods , as shown a typical day-night comparison . The daylight vision (cone vision) adapts much more rapidly to changing light levels, adjusting to a change like coming indoors out of sunlight in a few seconds. Like all neurons, the cones fire to produce an electrical impulse on the nerve fiber and then must reset to fire again. The light adaption is thought to occur by adjusting this reset time. The cones are responsible for all high resolution vision. The eye moves continually to keep the light from the object of interest falling on the fovea centralis where the bulk of the cones reside. Go Back "Blue" Cone Distinctions The "blue" cones are identified by the peak of their light response curve at about 445 nm. They are unique among the cones in that they constitute only about 2% of the total number and are found outside the fovea centralis where the green and red cones are concentrated. Although they are much more light sensitive than the green and red cones, it is not enough to overcome their disadvantage in numbers. However, the blue sensitivity of our final visual perception is comparable to that of red and green, suggesting that there is a somewhat selective "blue amplifier" somewhere in the visual processing in the brain. The visual perception of intensely blue objects is less distinct than the perception of objects of red and green. This reduced acuity is attributed to two effects. First, the blue cones are outside the fovea, where the close-packed cones give the greatest resolution. All of our most distinct vision comes from focusing the light on the fovea. Second, the refractive index for blue light is enough different from red and green that when they are in focus, the blue is slightly out of focus ( chromatic aberration ). For an "off the wall" example of this defocusing effect on blue light, try viewing a hologram with a mercury vapor lamp . You will get three images with the dominant green, orange and blue lines of mercury, but the blue image looks less focused than the other two. Go Back Rod Details The rods are the most numerous of the photoreceptors , some 120 million, and are the more sensitive than the cones . However, they are not sensitive to color. They are responsible for our dark-adapted, or scotopic , vision. The rods are incredibly efficient photoreceptors. More than one thousand times as sensitive as the cones, they can reportedly be triggered by individual photons under optimal conditions. The optimum dark-adapted vision is obtained only after a considerable period of darkness, say 30 minutes or longer, because the rod adaption
What does the Salk vaccine protect against	Polio Vaccine (IPV): When to Get Vaccinated Risks and Side Effects of Polio Vaccination Polio , an infectious disease caused by a virus that lives in the throat and intestinal tract , was once the leading cause of disability in the U.S. Since the introduction of the polio vaccine in 1955, the disease has been eradicated in the U.S. But the disease is still common in some developing countries and until it is eradicated worldwide, the risk of it spreading to the U.S. still exists. For that reason, the polio vaccination remains one of the recommended childhood immunizations . In most parts of the U.S., polio immunization is required before a child can start school. How the Polio Vaccination Is Given If you had the polio vaccination prior to 2000, you may have received the oral polio vaccine (OPV), which was made from a live poliovirus. Although the live virus vaccine was highly effective at protecting against polio, a few cases of polio per year were caused by the oral vaccine itself. In 2000, the U.S. switched to the inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). Using an inactive (dead) form of the virus that cannot cause polio, the IPV is given as a shot in the arm or leg. Who Needs the Polio Vaccine Most people should get the polio vaccine when they are children. Children should be vaccinated with four doses of IPV at the following ages: A dose at 2 months A dose at 4 months A dose at 6-18 months A booster dose at 4-6 years IPV may be given at the same time as other vaccinations. Because most adults were vaccinated as children, routine polio vaccination is not recommended for people ages 18 and older who live in the U.S. But three groups of adults at higher risk for coming into contact with the poliovirus should consider polio vaccination. They are: Travelers to other parts of the world where polio is still common People who work in labs handling specimens that might contain polioviruses Health care workers who have close contact with a person who could be infected with the poliovirus If you fall into any of these three groups you should speak to your health care provider about the polio vaccination. If you have never been vaccinated against polio, you should get three doses of IPV: The first dose at any time The second dose 1 to 2 months later The third dose 6 to 12 months after the second If you have had one or two doses of polio vaccine in the past you should get the remaining one or two doses. It doesn't matter how long it has been since the earlier dose or doses. Continued
If you are suffering from singultus what is wrong with you	Hiccups: Causes and Treatments - Medical News Today Hiccups: Causes and Treatments 3.5 456 43 Hiccups are sudden, involuntary contractions of the diaphragm which occur at the same time as a contraction of the voice box (larynx) and total closure of the glottis, effectively blocking air intake. The glottis is the middle part of the larynx, where the vocal cords are located. Hiccups may also be spelled "hiccoughs" and are medically known as SDF (synchronous diaphragmatic flutter) or singultus. Hiccups can often occur for no apparent reason. It's common to get a bout of hiccups every now and again and there is no need for alarm should you get one. In the majority of cases, hiccups resolve without any treatment within a few minutes. Hiccups can occur individually or in bouts and commonly happen rhythmically, meaning that the interval between each hiccup is relatively constant. Most people find them to be a minor nuisance. However, prolonged hiccups can became a serious medical problem and require treatment. Prolonged hiccups affect men much more than women. When attacks last longer than a month, the hiccups are termed intractable. Fast facts on hiccups Here are some key points about hiccups. More detail and supporting information is in the main article. Experts are still divided on why hiccups occur. Some medical conditions such as stroke and asthma are associated with a higher incidence of hiccups. Prolonged cases of hiccups can lead to complications such as insomnia and depression . Cases of hiccups that last for longer than 48 hours should be referred to a doctor. There are many tips that are known to help patients with hiccups. For prolonged cases of hiccups, drugs such as muscle relaxants can be prescribed. Some causes of hiccups can be avoided, such as alcohol and eating too quickly. Most cases of hiccups resolve without treatment. Causes of hiccups Experts have yet to reach a definitive conclusion on what the mechanisms are that cause hiccups, or why they occur. According to studies, the following circumstances, conditions and illnesses have been associated with a higher risk of developing hiccups: Hot food has irritated the phrenic nerve. The phrenic nerve is near the esophagus. When there is gas in the stomach, which presses against the diaphragm. Too much food is eaten. Food is eaten too rapidly. There is a sudden change in temperature. Fizzy drinks are consumed. Some people get hiccups after eating spicy foods. After eating dry breads. Many people anecdotally report hiccups after consuming alcoholic beverages. Some medications, such as opiates, benzodiazepines, anesthesia, corticosteroids, barbiturates, and mythyldopa are known to cause hiccups. Some medical conditions are linked to a higher incidence of hiccups, such as: Gastrointestinal conditions, including IBD (inflammatory bowel disease), a small bowel obstruction, or GERD (gastro-esophageal reflux disease). Respiratory conditions, such as pleurisy , pneumonia or asthma. Conditions which affect the CNS ( central nervous system ), including a traumatic brain injury , encephalitis , a brain tumor , or stroke. Conditions which irritate the vagus nerve, such as meningitis , pharyngitis or goitre . Psychological reactions, including grief, excitement, anxiety , stress , hysterical behavior, or shock. Conditions which affect metabolism, including hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia , or diabetes . Often, hiccups occur unexpectedly and neither the patient nor the doctor can identify their likely cause. Possible complications of hiccups If a patient has prolonged hiccups, complications may develop, including: Weight loss - in some cases the hiccups are not only long-term, but occur at short intervals, making it hard for the patient to eat properly. Insomnia - if the prolonged hiccups persist during the sleeping hours, the patient will find it hard to get to sleep, and/or stay asleep. Fatigue - people with prolonged hiccups may become exhausted, especially if they cannot sleep or eat properly. Communication problems - persistent hiccups may make it harder for the patient to c
What was the Bishop of London’s official residence before 1973	FULHAM PALACE - 1000133\| Historic England FULHAM PALACE List Entry Summary This garden or other land is registered under the Historic Buildings and Ancient Monuments Act 1953 within the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens by English Heritage for its special historic interest. Name: FULHAM PALACE The garden or other land may lie within the boundary of more than one authority. County: Greater London Authority National Park: Not applicable to this List entry. Grade: II* Date of most recent amendment: Not applicable to this List entry. Legacy System Information The contents of this record have been generated from a legacy data system. Legacy System: Parks and Gardens UID: 1029 Asset Groupings This list entry does not comprise part of an Asset Grouping. Asset Groupings are not part of the official record but are added later for information. List entry Description Legacy Record - This information may be included in the List Entry Details. Reasons for Designation Legacy Record - This information may be included in the List Entry Details. History Legacy Record - This information may be included in the List Entry Details. Details Gardens and grounds of C16 origin, with varied subsequent development including the site of notable botanic gardens of the C16 and later C17. Since 1973 a public park. HISTORIC DEVELOPMENT Fulham Palace was built in the early C16 for Richard Fitjames, Bishop of London (1506-22) on a site with a long history of settlement including C3 and C4 Romano-British settlement in the Palace grounds (Whitehouse 1983). Historical records state that c AD 704 the Bishop of the East Saxons (ie the London area) bought an estate called Fulanham from the Bishop of Hereford; the area included Hammersmith. Fulham achieved fame in the C9 when, as the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records, a Viking army sailed up the Thames and camped at Fulham for the winter. After the Norman Conquest the bishops became an important part of the government and the earliest recorded date of a bishop being resident at Fulham Palace is 1141. The first bishop known to have resided at Fulham on a regular basis was Richard de Gravesend (bishop 1280-1303). A number of bishops had an interest in horticulture: Bishop Grindal (1559-70) is accredited with establishing a botanic garden in the grounds of Fulham Palace and introduced the first tamarisk tree to England; in the later C16 Bishop Bancroft was renowned for the grapes he annually sent to Queen Elizabeth I; and Bishop Compton (1675-1713) was famed as a horticulturalist and collector of rare plants (Garden Hist 1976, 1981). His collection included species from North America which was part of his See. The diarist John Evelyn remarked on a beautiful Sedum when he visited the garden in October 1681. Bishop Compton was aided in his quest for horticultural excellence by the landscape gardener, George London (1653-1714) and it is possible that the geometric garden layout shown on Rocque's plan of 1746 was the work of London in the 1670s (Management Plan 1999). At first Fulham was only one of several country palaces that the bishop had in his diocese and it did not become the official residence until the mid C18 (Cherry and Pevsner 1991). The gardens made by Bishops Grindal and Compton were largely replaced by a new informal scheme executed for Richard Jarvis in the 1760s. Bishop Howley (1813-28) paid considerable attention to the grounds and the OS 1st edition map of c 1870 may be presumed to show his improvements by which the grounds were remodelled nearly to their present form. His successor, Bishop Blomfield (1828-56), was an ardent botanist, and took special delight in the grounds. The only part of the formal garden retained by this time was immediately north of the Palace and these remains have since gone. In 1917 the Warren, the area to the north and north-east of the Palace, was converted into allotments. In 1924 the moat around the site was drained and in c 1960, St Mark's Secondary School was built in the north-west corner of the Warren. The bishops of London ceased residing at Fulham Palace in 1973.
What boating aid has a fluke, a stock and a shank	* Fluke (Boating) - Definition,meaning - Online Encyclopedia Fluke: Irregular shift s in the wind . Flukes: The blades of anchor . Flush: Level, flush-decked is when the deck -level from stem to stern is the same. Fluke The flattened and broadened area of an anchor which digs in the bottom . Also known as the Palm . Fluxgate ... fluke - The shovel-shaped part of an anchor 's "arms"; used to dig into the ground to prevent dragging . flush deck - A deck without any above or below deck structures, such as a cabin or cockpit . FLUKES : The palms or broad holding portions at the arm extremities of an anchor , which penetrate the ground . FLUX : A fusible material or gas used to dissolve or prevent the formation of oxides, nitrides, or other undesirable inclusions formed in welding and brazing. Fluke - the wedge-shaped part of an anchor 's arms that digs into the bottom Flush Deck - a deck with no superstructure or upward protruding cabin Flying - a term describing a sail not bent to any spar or stay and controlled by its halyard , tackline and sheet ... Fluke: (1) The portion of an anchor that digs secure ly into the bottom , holding the boat in place. (2) The two triangular parts which make up a whale's tail . Fluke - The palm of an anchor . Fo'c'sle An abbreviation of forecastle . Refers to that portion of the cabin which is farthest forward . In square - rigger s often used as quarters for the crew . Following Sea - An overtaking sea that comes from astern . Fluke - Digging spade portion of an anchor Fluxgate Compass - Electronic compass with a remote magnetic direction sensor Fog - Any form of haze or restricted visibility. Plot DR carefully in fog ... FLUKE; The broad flat blade of an anchor designed to dig into the seabed. {alt; any occasion when it digs in on the first try} FLUSH deck A deck which straddles the width of the boat without any obstruction s such as a cabin . Following Sea : An overtaking sea that comes from astern . Fluke: The wedge-shaped part of an anchor 's arms that digs into the bottom . Folding propeller : A propeller with folding blades, furling to reduce drag on a sailing vessel when not in use. Flukes The broad triangular plates at the extremity of the arms of an anchor terminating in a point called the bill. A fluke-style anchor American Richard Danforth invented the Danforth pattern in the 1940s for use aboard landing craft . It uses a stock at the crown to which two large flat triangular flukes are attached. PALM . The fluke of an anchor . Also a piece of leather fitted over the thumb and palm of the hand with a flat thimble to receive the head of the needle to press against in sewing canvas . PARALLEL . Anything that runs in a line , keeping equal distances from each other. To draw up the flukes of the anchor towards the top of the bow , in order to stow it, after having been catted by means of the davit . Flag A general name for colours worn and used by ships of war. fluke -- the digging end of the anchor ; also wind irregularity Fo'c'sle An abbreviation of forecastle . Refers to that portion of the cabin which is farthest forward . In square - rigger s often used as quarters for the crew . Foot For a triangular sail , the bottom edge. Fluke: The barbs or hooks of anchor s Foils: Underwater parts of a boat Foresail : The lowest square sail on the most forward mast ... fluke - the digging end of the anchor ; also wind irregularity Following Sea -An overtaking sea that comes from astern . Fo'c'sle / fore castle The extreme forward compartment of the vessel Force 8 -- gale force wind on the Beaufort Wind Scale ... It has pivoting flukes that dig into the ground as tension is placed on the anchor . It does not have a stock .Danger zone The area encompassed from dead ahead of your boat to just abaft your starboard beam . You must stand clear of any boat in the "danger zone". The bight of his cable has swept our anchor ; that is, the double part of the cable of another ship , as she range d about , has entangled itself under the stock or fluke of our anchor . 2. also a small bay between two points
What was the number of the last manned moon mission	List of 6 Manned Moon Landings - History Lists HISTORY LISTS You are here: History Lists · Events · List of 6 Manned Moon Landings List of 6 Manned Moon Landings All of total 6 manned moon landings to date were a part of the NASA's Apollo program. Running from 1961 to 1972, the objective of the program was to gather as much data as possible from close orbits and manned landings, and of course, get to the Moon before the Soviets and take the lead in space exploration. Below is a list of all 6 manned moon landings with a brief summary of each of the missions. Apollo 11 On July 20, 1969, the lunar module of Apollo 11 became the first manned spacecraft to land safely on the Moon in the area named Mare Tranquillitatis, commonly known as the Sea of Tranquility. The module was manned by Commander Neil Armstrong and pilot Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin. Upon landing, Armstrong called Houston base and reported “The Eagle has landed”. A few hours later, Armstrong stepped onto the surface and reported “that’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”. Aldrin followed minutes later. After a stay of 21 hours and 36 minutes during which the astronauts took photographs, conducted experiments and collected samples of rock and soil, they lifted off. The lunar module then docked with the orbiting command module that was piloted by Michael Collins. On July 24, the craft splashed down safely in the Pacific Ocean. The astronauts were recovered by the U.S.S. Hornet. Apollo 12 The second manned lunar landing took place on November 19, 1969. The lunar module of Apollo 12, crewed by Commander Charles Conrad and pilot Alan Bean, separated from the orbiting command module piloted by Richard Gordon. The two astronauts landed in the area called Oceanus Procellarum near Surveyor crater, and close to Surveyor 3, an unmanned spacecraft which had landed two and a half years earlier. The two men conducted experiments, took photographs and collected samples. Parts of Surveyor 3 were taken for later examination as well. After 31 hours and 31 minutes, they took off. After docking with the command module, the lunar module was jettisoned and crashed onto the Moon, causing the first recorded artificial moonquake. The astronauts splashed down safely near American Samoa and were recovered by the U.S.S. Hornet. Apollo 14 The third manned moon landing was made on February 5, 1971, by the lunar module of Apollo 14, crewed by Commander Alan Shepard and pilot Edgar Mitchell. They landed 13 miles (21 kilometers) north of the Fra Mauro crater. The astronauts collected samples, took photographs and conducted experiments, one of them being Shepard striking two golf balls. The lunar module lifted off on February 6, after 33 hours and 31 minutes spent on the Moon’s surface, to dock with the orbiting command module that was piloted by Stuart Roosa. On February 9, the crew splashed down in the Pacific Ocean, nearly 800 nautical miles south of American Samoa where they were recovered by the U.S.S. New Orleans. That was the last time recovered astronauts were quarantined. Apollo 15 Apollo 15 was the fourth manned lunar landing which took place on July 30, 1971. After separating from the orbiting command module that was piloted by Alfred Worden, Commander David Scott and pilot James Irwin landed in the Mare Imbrium area, close to the Montes Apenninus. Scientific experiments were carried out, photographs taken and samples collected. The Lunar Rover was used for the first time, allowing the astronauts to explore a much larger area. After 66 hours and 55 minutes, the lunar module took off to dock with the command module. During the descent to Earth, one of the three parachutes didn’t open properly. Despite that, the craft splashed down safely 330 miles north of Honolulu. The astronauts were recovered by the U.S.S. Okinawa. Apollo 16 The fifth manned moon landing was made on April 21, 1972, by the lunar module of Apollo 16 that was commanded by John Young and piloted by Charles Duke. They landed in the Descartes area north of the Dolland crater, leaving pilot Thomas Mattingly in ch
What is the capital of Egypt	What is the Capital of Egypt? - Capital-of.com Dates of religious and Civil holidays around the world. www.when-is.com Capital of Egypt The Capital City of Egypt is the city of Cairo. The population of Cairo in the year 2006 was 7,734,334 (17,856,000 in the metropolitan area). Egypt is an Arabic speaking country on the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea. Additional Information
What is the more common name for the blister beetle	blister beetles common name: blister beetles scientific name: (Insecta: Coleoptera: Meloidae) Introduction (Back to Top) The family Meloidae, the blister beetles, contains about 2500 species, divided among 120 genera and four subfamilies (Bologna and Pinto 2001). Florida has 26 species, only a small fraction of the total number in the U.S., but nearly three times that of the West Indies (Selander and Bouseman 1960). Adult beetles are phytophagous, feeding especially on plants in the families Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, Leguminosae, and Solanaceae. Most adults eat only floral parts, but some, particularly those of Epicauta spp., eat leaves as well. Figure 1. Adult Epicauta floridensis Werner (left), and E. cinerea Forster (right). Photograph by Lyle J. Buss, University of Florida. Figure 2. Adult Pyrota lineata (Olivier) a blister beetle. Photograph by Lyle J. Buss, University of Florida. A few adults are nocturnal, but most are diurnal or show no distinct diel cycle. Since adults are gregarious and often highly colored, they tend to be conspicuous. However, except for first instar larvae (triungulins) frequenting flowers or clinging to adult bees, larval blister beetles are seldom seen. So far as known, all larvae are specialized predators. Larvae of most genera enter the nests of wild bees, where they consume both immature bees and the provisions of one or more cells. The larvae of some Meloinae, including most Epicauta spp., prey on the eggs of acridid grasshoppers. A few larvae evidently prey on the eggs of blister beetles (Selander 1981). Of the Florida species, Nemognatha punctulata LeConte (misidentified as Zonitis vittigera (LeConte)) has been found in a nest of a Megachile sp. in Cuba (Scaramuzza 1938) and several members of the genus Epicauta have been associated with the eggpods of Melanoplus spp. Distribution (Back to Top) Fourteen of the Florida species are limited largely or entirely to the Atlantic and/or Gulf coasts of the United States. Twelve species are more or less widely distributed in the central and/or eastern states. Two species occur both in the southeastern U.S. and the West Indies. These two species belong to South and Central American groups and probably reached the continental U.S. from the islands. A third, weaker faunal link with the West Indies is represented by Pseudozonitis longicornis (Horn), which belongs to a group including one West Indian species and two relictual species in east Texas (Enns 1956, Selander and Bouseman 1960). No species is indigenous. Description (Back to Top) Adults are soft-bodied, long-legged beetles with the head deflexed, fully exposed, and abruptly constricted behind to form an unusually narrow neck, the pronotum is much narrower at the anterior end than the posterior and not carinate (keeled) laterally, the forecoxal cavities open behind, and (in all Florida species) each of the tarsal claws cleft into two blades. Body length generally ranges between 3/4 and 2 cm in the Florida species. Blister beetles (Meloidae) are commonly confused with beetles in the family Oedemeridae (false blister beetles) (Arnett 2008) and the Tenebrionidae subfamily Lagriinae (long-jointed beetles). First instar larvae of the family Nemognathinae found in flowers or attached to the hairs of bees are sometimes mistaken for those of Ripiphoridae. In both groups, the body is navicular (boat-shaped) and heavily sclerotized and there is a definite pattern of setation. Nemognathine larvae are distinctive in having one to two (not four to five) stemmata on each side of the head, an ecdysial line on the thorax, and no pulvilli (bladderlike appendages). Figure 3. Nemognatha plazata Fabricius, first instar larva. Keys to genera for adult beetles (Arnett 1960) and triungulin larvae (MacSwain 1956) are given in references. A key to Epicauta species is in Pinto (1991). Adults of most of the Florida species are described by Enns and Werner (Enns 1956, Werner 1945). Life Cycle (Back to Top) Eggs are laid in masses in the ground or under stones (Meloinae) or on th
Who was Brigitte Bardot’s third husband	Brigitte Bardot's extraordinary life: husbands, lovers and suicide attempts Brigitte Bardot's extraordinary life: husbands, lovers and suicide attempts reddit More Sixties sex bomb Brigitte Bardot has had a life as epic as her fame and with the drama of her films. She had more than 100 lovers, including women. She also tried to kill herself at least four times, the same number of husbands she has had, according to a new book on the French actress, model and chanteuse. Her first suicide attempt was at the tender age of 16. She had just fallen in love with Roger Vadim, then a director's assistant, six years her senior, after meeting him at a movie casting. They began an intense affair but when Bardot's wealthy Parisian parents found out, they threatened to send her away to England. In retaliation, Bardot, whose first magazine cover was on Elle at age 15, tried to kill herself. Advertisement Bardot turned on the oven and placed her head inside only to be discovered by her parents just in time. They relented, permitting the relationship but forbade the couple from marrying until Bardot was 18. Sure enough, in 1952 when Bardot was 18 years old, she married for the first time. Bardot was intoxicated by the charismatic Frenchman. "He made on her the impression of a 'wild wolf', Bardot wrote, 'he looked at me, scared me, attracted me, I didn't know where I was anymore'," writes Ginette Vincendeau, the author of the book, Brigitte Bardot: The Life, The Legend, The Movies. "She wanted him." But not for long. Vadim made his directorial debut in December 1956, And God Created Woman, starring his wife. On set, however, Bardot fell in love with her co-star Jean-Louis Trintignant and, after four short years of marriage, she and Vadim divorced. "I knew what was happening and rather expected it," Vadim is quoted as saying. "I would always prefer to have that kind of wife, knowing she is unfaithful to me rather than possess a woman who just loved me and no one else. "I wanted a woman with spirit, with joie de vivre … a woman with a sense of adventure and sexual curiosity." Bardot was certainly abundant in these qualities. After her affair with Trintignant, she went on to bed as many as 100 men and women, the book says. She eventually met and married her second husband, French actor Jacques Charrier, with whom she had her only child. Bardot has been vocal about not wanting to be a mother and resenting her pregnancy. In her memoirs Initiales BB, she describes her horror at finding herself pregnant in 1959, aged 25: "I looked at my flat, slender belly in the mirror like a dear friend upon whom I was about to close a coffin lid." She revealed, in an attempt to abort the child, repeatedly punching herself in the stomach and begging her doctor for morphine. The revelations lead to a lawsuit by her ex-husband and son, Nicolas, who was raised by Charrier after their three-year marriage ended. Bardot was ordered to pay her son damages for the hurt inflicted by the book, in which she referred to her unborn son as a "cancerous tumour" and said she would have "preferred to give birth to a little dog". http://www.independent.co.uk/news/bardot-in-the-doghouse-for-wishing-her-son-was-a-puppy-1271393.html On her 26th birthday in 1960, shortly after Nicolas was born, Bardot tried to take her life again, downing a bottle of sleeping pills and slitting her wrists at her villa in France, the new book reveals. Unsurprisingly, Bardot has had a deeply troubled relationship with Nicolas. She was not invited to his 1982 wedding and did not see him for a decade, but they are believed to have reconciled recently after she became a great-grandmother for the first time. "I'm not made to be a mother," Bardot confessed years later. "I'm not adult enough – I know it's horrible to have to admit that, but I'm not adult enough to take care of a child." After more suicide attempts and more husbands (her third husband, German playboy Gunter Sachs shot himself in 2011), Bardot turned her attentions to animal rights activism and established a foundation to care for "sufferi
What was the name of Gene Vincent’s backing group	Gene Vincent — Free listening, videos, concerts, stats and photos at Last.fm gene vincent Gene Vincent, real name Vincent Eugene Craddock, (February 11, 1935 – October 12, 1971) was an American rockabilly pioneer musician, best known for his hit Be-Bop-A-Lula. He performed with his backing band, the Blue Caps. After Be-Bop-A-Lula had become a huge hit (peaking at #7 and spending 20 weeks in the Billboard Pop Chart), Gene Vincent & His Blue Caps (often mis-named as 'the' Blue Caps) were unable to follow it up with the same level of commercial success, but released… read more

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