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Where is the Porce III Dam | The Porce III Dam is an embankment dam on the Porce River 90 kilometres (56 mi) northeast of Medellín in Antioquia Department, Colombia. The dam was constructed between 2004 and 2011 for the primary purpose of hydroelectric power generation.
Background
Between 1974 and 1976, hydrological studies were carried out on the Porce River and between 1982 and 1983, studies regarding the river's hydroelectric development were completed. The study recommended the five projects, Porce I, Porce II, Porce III, Porce IV and Ermitaño. In December 1984, the feasibility report for Porce III was submitted and complementary studies were carried out between 1986 and 1996. In 2002, the design and consultancy contracts were awarded along with the environmental license issued.[2] In 2004, construction on the dam began and the river was diverted by 2007. By 2010, the dam began to impound the reservoir and was complete by 2010. Between 2011, all four generators were commissioned.[3] | The Porce III Dam is an embankment dam on the Porce River 90 kilometres (56 mi) northeast of Medellín in Antioquia Department, Colombia. The dam was constructed between 2004 and 2011 for the primary purpose of hydroelectric power generation. | dolly-1615 | en | 4,200 |
Find the price of Osborne 1 from this passage. | The Osborne effect is a social phenomenon of customers canceling or deferring orders for the current, soon-to-be-obsolete product as an unexpected drawback of a company's announcing a future product prematurely. It is an example of cannibalization.
The term alludes to the Osborne Computer Corporation, whose second product did not become available until more than a year after it was announced. The company's subsequent bankruptcy was widely blamed on reduced sales after the announcement.
The Osborne Effect states that prematurely discussing future, unavailable products damages sales of existing products. The name comes from the planned replacement of the Osborne 1, an early personal computer first sold by the Osborne Computer Corporation in 1981. In 1983, founder Adam Osborne pre-announced several next-generation computer models (the Osborne Executive and Osborne Vixen), which were only prototypes, highlighting the fact that they would outperform the existing model as the prototypes dramatically cut down assembly time. A widely held belief was that sales of the Osborne 1 fell sharply as customers anticipated those more advanced systems, leading to a sales decline from which Osborne Computer was unable to recover. This belief appeared in the media almost immediately after the company's September 1983 bankruptcy:
To give the jazzy $2,495 Osborne Executive a running start, Adam began orchestrating publicity early in 1983. We, along with many other magazines, were shown the machine in locked hotel rooms. We were required not to have anything in print about it until the planned release date in mid-April. As far as we know, nothing did appear in print, but dealers heard about the plans and cancelled orders for the Osborne 1 in droves. In early April, Osborne told dealers he would be showing them the machine on a one-week tour the week of 17 April, and emphasized that the new machine was not a competitor for the Osborne 1. But dealers didn't react the way Osborne expected; said Osborne, "All of them just cancelled their orders for the Osborne 1."
Osborne reacted by drastically cutting prices on the Osborne 1 in an effort to stimulate cash flow. But nothing seemed to work, and for several months sales were practically non-existent.
Pre-announcement is done for several reasons: to reassure current customers that there is improvement or lower cost coming, to increase the interest of the media and investors in the company's future prospects, and to intimidate or confuse competitors. When done correctly, the sales or cash flow impact to the company is minimal, with the revenue drop for the current product being offset by orders or completed sales of the new product as it becomes available. However, when the Osborne effect occurs, the quantity of unsold goods increases and the company must react by discounting and/or lowering production of the current product, both of which depress cash flow. | The price of Osborne 1 is not mentioned in the passage. However, the price of its successor model Osborne Executive was $2,495. | dolly-1654 | en | 4,201 |
What is the best season to ski? | null | In northsphere, the best season to ski is in February.
Individual ski experiences are related to snow quality, wind factor, avalanche danger, terrain, and visibility. The snow quality differs a lot from different seasons. Deep and dry snow are good for ski experience instead of icy or wet snow.
February is considered the best season because the temperature is still low, and the snow has accumulated with enough depth. | dolly-1683 | en | 4,202 |
Who wrote the children's novel Swallows and Amazons | null | Arthur Ransom | dolly-1715 | en | 4,203 |
Classify the following list into mammals and non-mammals: dog, human, ant, bird, cat, dolphin, pig, cow, shrimp, coral, shark, honeybee, capybara | null | mammals: dog, human, cat, dolphin, pig, cow, capybara
non-mammals: ant, bird, shrimp, coral, shark, honeybee | dolly-1737 | en | 4,204 |
Who is the next superpower country? | Currently, only the United States fulfills the criteria to be considered a superpower.[1] However, the United States is no longer the only uncontested foremost superpower and the world's sole hyperpower to dominate in every domain (i.e. military, culture, economy, technology, diplomatic).[2][3][4][5]
Since the 1990s, China,[6][7][8] the European Union,[9] India,[10][11] and Russia[12] have been commonly described as potential superpowers. Japan was formerly considered a potential superpower due to its high economic growth.[13][14][15] However, its status as a potential superpower has eroded since the 1990s due to an aging population and economic stagnation.[16] | A nation with the capacity to have great power and influence on the international stage is considered a prospective superpower. These nations have the ability to significantly influence the world due to their combination of economic, political, and military might. While the United States and the Soviet Union were generally considered superpowers during the Cold War, the phrase has now come to refer to other nations as well.
Because of its fast expanding economy and military might, China is sometimes mentioned as a potential superpower. The nation's Belt and Road Initiative is viewed as a major step toward enhancing its worldwide influence. India, on the other hand, is a possible threat because of its enormous population, quickly expanding economy, and potent military.
Due to its combined economic and political might, the European Union is another prospective superpower. Despite having a small military, it has a substantial amount of influence and soft power. Another nation that has been mentioned as a prospective superpower is Russia, which has a sizable military and abundant natural resources. Yet, recent economic troubles could hinder its ability to rise to superpower status.
Brazil's enormous population, wealth of natural resources, and expanding economy are other factors that make it a prospective powerhouse. The nation's participation in international negotiations on climate change as well as its leadership in Latin America have contributed to an increase in its impact on the global scene. | dolly-1748 | en | 4,205 |
What is Baumkuchen made of? | Baumkuchen (German pronunciation: [ˈbaʊ̯mˌkuːxn̩] (listen)) is a kind of spit cake from German cuisine. It is also a popular dessert in Japan. The characteristic rings that appear in its slices resemble tree rings, and give the cake its German name, Baumkuchen, which literally translates to "tree cake" or "log cake".[1]
History
It is disputed who made the first Baumkuchen and where it was first baked. One theory is that it was invented in the German town of Salzwedel, which is further popularized by the town itself.[2] Another theory suggests it began as a Hungarian wedding cake.[citation needed] In Ein new Kochbuch (lit. "A New Cookbook"), the first cookbook written for professional chefs by Marx Rumpolt, there is a recipe for Baumkuchen. This publication puts the origin of Baumkuchen as far back at 1581, the year the cookbook was first published.[3] Marx Rumpolt had previously worked as a chef in Hungary and Bohemia.[citation needed]
Characteristics
Baumkuchen baked on a spit
Traditionally, Baumkuchen is made on a spit by brushing on even layers of batter and then rotating the spit around a heat source. Each layer is allowed to brown before a new layer of batter is poured.[4] When the cake is removed and sliced, each layer is divided from the next by a golden line, resembling the growth rings on a crosscut tree. A typical Baumkuchen is made up of 15 to 20 layers of batter. However, the layering process for making Baumkuchen can continue until the cakes are quite large. Skilled pastry chefs have been known to create cakes with 25 layers and weighing over 100 pounds (45 kg).[4] When cooked on a spit, it is not uncommon for a finished Baumkuchen to be 3–4 feet (0.91–1.22 m) tall.[2]
Baumkuchen ingredients are typically butter, eggs, sugar, vanilla, salt, and flour. Baking powder is not considered a traditional ingredient. The ratio of flour, butter and eggs is typically 1:1:2 respectively (i.e., 100 grams of flour, 100 grams of butter and 200 grams of eggs). The recipe can be varied by adding other ingredients, such as ground nuts, honey, marzipan, nougat and rum or brandy, to the batter or filling.[1] Additionally, Baumkuchen may be covered with sugar or chocolate glaze. With some recipes, the fully baked and cooled Baumkuchen is first coated with marmalade or jam, and then covered with chocolate. | Baumkuchen ingredients are typically butter, eggs, sugar, vanilla, salt, and flour. Baking powder is not considered a traditional ingredient. The ratio of flour, butter and eggs is typically 1:1:2 respectively (i.e., 100 grams of flour, 100 grams of butter and 200 grams of eggs). | dolly-1756 | en | 4,206 |
Classify each of the following as either a drink or a food: apple juice, cake, hamburger, carrot, orange juice, soda. | null | apple juice is a drink
cake is a food
hamburger is a food
carrot is a food
orange juice is a drink
soda is a drink | dolly-1766 | en | 4,207 |
What is your favorite fast-casual restaurant and why? | null | Chipotle is my favorite place to grab a quick bite to eat. The food is fresh and delicious. Plus, they offer a simple menu and have high quality ingredients. It is also very affordable. The Barbacoa bowl tastes amazing and is my favorite thing to order | dolly-1775 | en | 4,208 |
What US state has the most coastline? | null | Alaska is the state with the largest coastline at approximately 66,000 miles. | dolly-1793 | en | 4,209 |
Why do audiophiles spend lots of money on high-end audio equipment and does more expensive gear always sound better than less expensive hardware? | null | While it is generally true that audiophiles are willing to spend more money on high-end gear than those less passionate about audio, justification for this additional financial outlay is not solely based on the equipment’s definitive sonic superiority.
There are a handful of key attributes that define audio equipment’s performance, including: frequency response, detail, texture, layering ability, coherency, vocal presentation, and timbre and tonality. Audiophiles typically seek out gear capable of performing well in many or all of these areas, and it is often these elevated expectations that drive an audiophile’s willingness to spend more. However, there are elements of subjectivity at play, as well as physiological differences, that can lead to variations in interpretation of what sounds “accurate” or “engaging.” Therefore, even if it is generally true that most expensive audio equipment objectively performs better than their lesser priced counterparts, individual preference and anatomy can cause differences in expectations or hearing that can lead to different perceptions of sonic performance, even with high-end audio gear.
The Erlkonig is an In-Ear Monitor made by German producer, Vision Ears. By many, it is thought to be one of the best In-Ear Monitors ever made. At a retail price of over $4,000, it is also generally considered to be quite expensive. Widely regarded to perform extremely well, the Erlkonig has 13 balance armature drivers, 4 user-selectable sound settings, and shells made out of silver. While non-audiophiles will likely scoff at its price and be indifferent to the Erlkonig’s specifications, many audiophiles will salivate at the chance for even a single listen. Even though many deep-pocketed audiophiles could justifiably purchase the Erlkonig, there are plenty of audiophiles and non-audiophiles who do not enjoy the IEM’s sound. For others, the shell is ergonomically incompatible with their ears. So, even if expensive audio gear on the whole performs and sounds “better” than lesser priced gear, unique preferences and anatomical variation also shape perception of sonic performance. | dolly-1796 | en | 4,210 |
How does a human do arithmetic calculation as fast as a calculator? | null | Use a tech called Mental abacus. When a person reads the numbers, he or she will mentally visualize an abacus and do the calculation by moving the beads in the abacus. The calculation can be done in a great speed. | dolly-1808 | en | 4,211 |
Tell me whether these instruments are stringed or percussion: Cello, Cymbals, Triangle, Harp | null | The cello and harp are stringed instruments while the cymbals and triangle are percussion instruments. | dolly-2034 | en | 4,212 |
Based on the given text, please tell me which region and country a Troll Cross originated in, and what its intent is. | In Sweden, as well as Norway, a trollkors or troll cross is a bent piece of iron worn as an amulet to ward off malevolent magic, allegedly stemming from medieval Sweden. According to those claiming its authenticity it represented the Norse symbol of protection; thus if a Norseman wore this symbol, they believed that chances of falling into danger would decrease. However, although commonly thought of as a part of Swedish folklore, it was first created—as an item of jewelry—by the smith Kari Erlands from western Dalarna, sometime in the late 1990s. It was claimed to have been a copy of a protective rune found at her grandparents' farm, but this has not been verified. While it does bear some resemblance to the othala rune in Elder Futhark and Anglo-Saxon runic writing systems, it is more likely that Erlands mistook a Bumerke for a protective symbol. | The Troll Cross originated in the western Dalarna region of Sweden. It is worn as an amulet or piece of jewelry to ward off malevolent magic. | dolly-2066 | en | 4,213 |
Give me a list of actresses who won an Oscar in the last 5 years and tell me for which movie they won it. | null | 1. Michelle Yeoh 2022, Everything Everywhere All At Once
2. Jessica Chastain, 2021, The Eyes of Tammy Faye
3. Frances McDormand, 2020, Nomadland
4. Renée Zellweger, 2019, Judy
5. Olivia Colman, 2018, The Favourite | dolly-2084 | en | 4,214 |
Which country has the most inhabitants? | null | # Country (or dependency) Population (2020)
1 China 1,439,323,776
2 India 1,380,004,385
3 United States 331,002,651
4 Indonesia 273,523,615 | dolly-2098 | en | 4,215 |
Write a story about a man who finds a magic lamp that has a genie inside. The genie should grant him wishes and the story should conclude with a tragic ending. | null | One day while Bill was walking to work he noticed something shinny in the bushes. He walked over to see what it was, and was surprised to discover it was an old lamp. He took the lamp home and cleaned it. While he was cleaning the lamp, a genie popped out and said he'd grant Bill three wishes. The first thing he wished for was all the money in the world. The genie granted this wish but Bill's disappointment there was nothing to buy with all of this money. When Bill asked the genie what happened and why there was nothing to purchase, the genie explained that people need money to create the products. Since Bill had all the money in the world, nobody had the capital needed create the things he wanted. | dolly-2112 | en | 4,216 |
Given this paragraph about Jack Kerouac, tell me where he was raised, what was his most famous book, when was that book published, and which movement was he a part of? | Of French-Canadian ancestry,[5][6] Kerouac was raised in a French-speaking home in Lowell, Massachusetts. He "learned English at age six and spoke with a marked accent into his late teens."[7] During World War II, he served in the United States Merchant Marine; he completed his first novel at the time, which was published more than 40 years after his death. His first published book was The Town and the City (1950), and he achieved widespread fame and notoriety with his second, On the Road, in 1957. It made him a beat icon, and he went on to publish 12 more novels and numerous poetry volumes.
Kerouac is recognized for his style of spontaneous prose. Thematically, his work covers topics such as his Catholic spirituality, jazz, travel, promiscuity, life in New York City, Buddhism, drugs, and poverty. He became an underground celebrity and, with other Beats, a progenitor of the hippie movement, although he remained antagonistic toward some of its politically radical elements.[8] He has a lasting legacy, greatly influencing many of the cultural icons of the 1960s, including Bob Dylan, the Beatles, Jerry Garcia and the Doors.
In 1969, at the age of 47, Kerouac died from an abdominal hemorrhage caused by a lifetime of heavy drinking. Since then, his literary prestige has grown, and several previously unseen works have been published. | Jack Kerouac raised in Lowell, Massachusetts. He most famous book, On the Road, was published in 1957. He was a member of the Beats. | dolly-2118 | en | 4,217 |
How many people live in the city of Oakland in 2022? | Oakland population in 2022 is estimated to be 439,483 | About 450,000 people live in Oakland, Ca during the last census | dolly-2131 | en | 4,218 |
Who is Taehoon Oh? | null | Taehoon Oh is a computer graphic specialist, game designer and developer. He is a co-founder and COO at Studio Roqovan, formerly known as Reload Studios. He was a lead artist and was one of the pioneer developers of the Call of Duty game franchise. He is also one of the co-founders of the non-gaming virtual reality subdivision of Studio Roqovan called Rascali, launched in September 2015 | dolly-2148 | en | 4,219 |
Based on the provided information, when will we achieve AGI? | An artificial general intelligence (AGI) is a hypothetical intelligent agent which can understand or learn any intellectual task that human beings or other animals can.[1][2] AGI has also been defined alternatively as autonomous systems that surpass human capabilities at the majority of economically valuable work.[3] Developing AGI is a primary goal of some artificial intelligence research and for several AI companies such as OpenAI,[3] DeepMind,[4] and Anthropic, as well as a common topic in science fiction and futures studies.
The timeline for AGI development remains a subject of ongoing debate among researchers and experts, with some arguing it may be possible in the coming decades, while others maintain it might take much longer or may never be achieved at all.[5] Additionally, there is debate regarding whether modern deep learning systems, such as GPT-4, are an early yet incomplete form of AGI[6] or if new approaches will be required.[7] | The timeline for AGI development remains a subject of ongoing debate among researchers and experts, with some arguing it may be possible in the coming decades, while others maintain it might take much longer or may never be achieved at all. | dolly-2154 | en | 4,220 |
Of the cities listed, which was furthest from the station? | In 1899 the Great Central Railway completed its main line to London through the southernmost part of the parish. The nearest station was Finmere for Buckingham, which was just over the Oxfordshire county boundary on the main road between Buckingham and Bicester and only 3⁄4 mile (1.2 km) from Barton Hartshorn. The station was 5 miles (8 km) from Buckingham, more than 1 mile (1.6 km) from Finmere and was actually in Shelswell parish next to the village of Newton Purcell. In about 1922 the Great Central renamed the station Finmere. British Railways closed the station in 1963 and the line in 1966. | Buckingham city was the furthest, 5 miles from the station. | dolly-2216 | en | 4,221 |
What are common gaming consoles used to play video games? | null | Common gaming consoles used to play video games include personal computers, Xbox, and Playstation | dolly-2228 | en | 4,222 |
What are the songs on the album At Basin Street? | null | The songs on the album At Basin Street, also known as Clifford Brown and Max Roach at Basin Street, are as follows:
"What Is This Thing Called Love?" (Cole Porter) – 7:33
"Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing" (Sammy Fain, Paul Francis Webster) – 4:13
"I'll Remember April" (Gene de Paul, Patricia Johnston, Don Raye) – 9:13
"Powell's Prances" (Richie Powell) – 3:28
"Time" (Richie Powell) – 5:03
"The Scene Is Clean" (Tadd Dameron, arr. Dameron) – 6:04
"Gertrude's Bounce" (Richie Powell) – 4:09
Bonus tracks included on the 2002 CD release:
"Step Lightly (Junior's Arrival)" (Benny Golson) – 3:33
"Flossie Lou" (Dameron) – 3:55
"What Is This Thing Called Love? (alternate take)" – 8:18
"Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing (breakdown)" – 0:45
"Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing (alternate take)" – 3:53
"I'll Remember April (breakdown)" – 1:25
"I'll Remember April (alternate take)" – 9:42
"Flossie Lou (alternate take)" – 4:00 | dolly-2283 | en | 4,223 |
What does the software company Teamwork do and where is it located | Teamwork is an Irish, privately owned, web-based software company headquartered in Cork, Ireland. Teamwork creates task management and team collaboration software. Founded in 2007, as of 2016 the company stated that its software was in use by over 370,000 organisations worldwide (including Disney, Spotify and HP),[10] and that it had over 2.4m users.[11] | Teamwork is an Irish, privately owned, web-based software company headquartered in Cork, Ireland. Teamwork creates task management and team collaboration software. Founded in 2007, as of 2016 the company stated that its software was in use by over 370,000 organisations worldwide (including Disney, Spotify and HP),[10] and that it had over 2.4m users. | dolly-2293 | en | 4,224 |
What is the solar system? | The Solar System[c] is the gravitationally bound system of the Sun and the objects that orbit it. It formed 4.6 billion years ago from the gravitational collapse of a giant interstellar molecular cloud. The vast majority (99.86%) of the system's mass is in the Sun, with most of the remaining mass contained in the planet Jupiter. The planetary system around the Sun contains eight planets. The four inner system planets—Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars—are terrestrial planets, being composed primarily of rock and metal. The four giant planets of the outer system are substantially larger and more massive than the terrestrials. The two largest, Jupiter and Saturn, are gas giants, being composed mainly of hydrogen and helium; the next two, Uranus and Neptune, are ice giants, being composed mostly of volatile substances with relatively high melting points compared with hydrogen and helium, such as water, ammonia, and methane. All eight planets have nearly circular orbits that lie near the plane of Earth's orbit, called the ecliptic.
There are an unknown number of smaller dwarf planets and innumerable small Solar System bodies orbiting the Sun.[d] Six of the major planets, the six largest possible dwarf planets, and many of the smaller bodies are orbited by natural satellites, commonly called "moons" after Earth's Moon. Two natural satellites, Jupiter's moon Ganymede and Saturn's moon Titan, are larger than Mercury, the smallest terrestrial planet, though less massive, and Jupiter's moon Callisto is nearly as large. Each of the giant planets and some smaller bodies are encircled by planetary rings of ice, dust and moonlets. The asteroid belt, which lies between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, contains objects composed of rock, metal and ice. Beyond Neptune's orbit lie the Kuiper belt and scattered disc, which are populations of objects composed mostly of ice and rock. | The word solar means "pertaining to the Sun", which is derived from the Latin word sol, meaning Sun.[26] The Sun is the dominant gravitational member of the Solar System, and its planetary system is maintained in a relatively stable, slowly evolving state by following isolated, gravitationally bound orbits around the Sun | dolly-2325 | en | 4,225 |
Do Africans share the same origin and culture? | The Culture of Africa is varied and manifold, consisting of a mixture of countries with various tribes that each have their unique characteristic from the continent of Africa. It is a product of the diverse populations that inhabit the continent of Africa and the African diaspora. Generally, Culture can be defined as a collective mass of distinctive qualities belonging to a certain group of people. These qualities include laws, morals, beliefs, knowledge, art, customs, and any other attributes belonging to a member of that society. Africa has numerous ethnic nationalities all with varying qualities such as language, dishes, greetings, and dances. However, all African peoples share a series of dominant cultural traits which distinguish African Culture from the rest of the world. For example, social values, religion, morals, political values, economics, and aesthetic values all contribute to African Culture. Expressions of culture are abundant within Africa, with large amounts of cultural diversity being found not only across different countries but also within single countries. Even though African cultures are widely diverse, they are also, when closely studied, seen to have many similarities; for example, the morals they uphold, their love and respect for their culture, as well as the strong respect they hold for the aged and the important, i.e. kings and chiefs. | No, Africa is a multicultural continent, with many diverse ethnic groups. While these ethnic groups don't share the same origin, many of these groups share similar cultural traits such as social values and religious values. They also generally have high regard for their elderly and tribal leaders. | dolly-2332 | en | 4,226 |
From the below text about MS Dhoni, tell me what they were most famous for? | MS Dhoni, is a former Indian cricketer and captain of the Indian national team in limited-overs formats from 2007 to 2017 and in Test cricket from 2008 to 2014, who plays as a Wicket-keeper-Batsman. He is also the current captain of Chennai Super Kings in the Indian Premier League. Under his captaincy, India won the 2007 ICC World Twenty20, the 2011 Cricket World Cup, and the 2013 ICC Champions Trophy, the most by any captain. He also led India to victory in the 2010 and 2016 Asia Cup. Additionally, under his leadership, India won the 2010 and 2011 ICC Test Mace and 2013 ICC ODI Championship. Dhoni is a right-handed wicket-keeper batsman known for his calm captaincy and his ability to finish matches in tight situations. He has scored 17,266 runs in International Cricket (including 10,000 plus runs in ODI Internationals) and is considered one of the best finishers in the game, as well as one of the greatest wicket-keepers and captains in the history of cricket. | MS Dhoni is a former cricketer and captain of the Indian national team. He is most famously known for leading India to victory in 2007 ICC World Twenty20, the 2011 Cricket World Cup and the 2013 ICC Champions Trophy. He is also known for his calm captaincy and considered as one of the best finishers and greatest wicket-keepers in the history of the game. | dolly-2351 | en | 4,227 |
Who are Sinti people? | The Sinti are a subgroup of Romani people mostly found in Germany. They arrived in Austria and Germany in the Late Middle Ages as part of the Romani emigration from the Indian Subcontinent, eventually splitting into two groups: Eftavagarja ("the Seven Caravans") and Estraxarja ("from Austria"). They arrived in Germany before 1540. The two groups expanded, the Eftavagarja into France, Portugal and Brazil, where they are called "Manouches", and the Estraxarja into Italy and Central Europe, mainly what are now Croatia, Slovenia, Hungary, Romania, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, eventually adopting various regional names. | Sinti are a group of people mostly settled in Germany but also settled in other European countries. | dolly-2383 | en | 4,228 |
write some critical points on University of Sfax using below text as a reference | The University of Sfax (Arabic: جامعة صفاقس French: Université de Sfax) is a university located in Sfax, Tunisia. It was founded in 1986 under the name University of the South with the purpose of covering all academic institutions in Southern Tunisia. It is divided into three universities, including the current University of Sfax, with the creation of the University of Gabes in 2003 and the University of Gafsa in 2004. | 1. Sfax is home to the University of Sfax.
2. To include all academic institutions in Southern Tunisia, the University of the South was founded in 1986.
3. It is divided into three institutions, including the existing University of Sfax, with the formation of the University of Gabes in 2003 and the University of Gafsa in 2004. | dolly-2397 | en | 4,229 |
Give me a list of 1980s computer games. | null | Here is a list of some computer games from the 1980s: Galaga, Donkey Kong, Pac-Man, Frogger, Tetris and SimCity. | dolly-2420 | en | 4,230 |
How old was Mozart when he first performed? | null | He was six years old when he first performed in front of royalty | dolly-2489 | en | 4,231 |
How do you play chess? | null | Chess is a two-person board game, where the objective of the game is to capture your opponents King. The King is just one of sixteen pieces that each player can use during the game. The other fifteen pieces include: Eight pawns, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, and a queen. The pieces are placed on an eight by eight, square board in a fixed starting position. The game begins by the player using the white pieces moving one of their pieces to another square. Each player will then alternate playing one move turns. Each piece has a set of legal moves that it can perform. For example, a bishop can only move diagonally on squares of its same color, whereas rooks can only move vertically or horizontally. The goal of the game is to use your pieces in a strategic manner that ultimately leads to your opponent's King being captured. The most common way to achieve this is by using your pieces to capture your opponent's pieces that are defending the King, and then exploiting this weakness to attack the King. While it's important to play on the offensive, it's equally as important to understand your opponent's strategy, so that you can properly defend against their attempts to capture your own King. | dolly-2553 | en | 4,232 |
List all the years mentioned in the following passage | During the Middle Ages, the Gran Tavola (Italian for "Great Table") was the largest Sienese bank; it was one of the most powerful banks in Europe from 1255 to 1298. The Gran Tavola has been called "the greatest bank of the thirteenth century" as well as "one of the largest commercial and banking enterprises in Europe".
The main branches of the Gran Tavola during the mid-thirteenth century were in Pisa, Bologna, Genoa, Marseille, and Paris. | 1255, 1298 | dolly-2554 | en | 4,233 |
What color do most people perceive the sky to be on a sunny day? | null | Most people perceive the sky to be blue on a sunny day. | dolly-2590 | en | 4,234 |
If you could come back to life as any person, animal or thing, what or who would you be and how would you live your second life? | null | If I were to come back to life as anything, I would love to come back as a dog. Ideally, I would be with a loving family since from my early years as a puppy and be their guard dog. I would ensure that they would be loved, cuddled and cared for every day. Many times they will have to pick up after me because as a puppy I won't know any better and I need them to teach me all the things I need to know. Over the years, I will get to enjoy going on walks to the park, lay on the couch, do tricks for treats and play with my humans. My goal would be to ensure that everyone around me knows that they are loved by me. This world needs more kind souls and love and that's why I would come back as a dog. | dolly-2608 | en | 4,235 |
Come up with a bunch of options for a child's Birthday Party | null | - Celebrate at home with cake, ice cream, streamers and the child's closest friends
- Go to the local swimming pool and have a pool party!
- Enjoy a day at the local chuck-e-cheese
- Go to a video game arcade with all their friends
- Have fun at your local water slide park, if it's outdoors make sure to go during summer months
- Enjoy a day at the beach if you're on the coast
- Enjoy an afternoon at your local park, maybe reserve a picnic table! | dolly-2611 | en | 4,236 |
Who is Octavia Butler? | Octavia Estelle Butler (June 22, 1947 – February 24, 2006) was an American science fiction author and a multiple recipient of the Hugo and Nebula awards. In 1995, Butler became the first science-fiction writer to receive a MacArthur Fellowship. Born in Pasadena, California, Butler was raised by her widowed mother. Extremely shy as a child, Butler found an outlet at the library reading fantasy, and in writing. She began writing science fiction as a teenager. She attended community college during the Black Power movement. While participating in a local writer's workshop, she was encouraged to attend the Clarion Workshop, then held in Pennsylvania, which focused on science fiction. | Octavia Butler was a black Hugo and Nebula awards winning science fiction author from Pasadena, California. | dolly-2615 | en | 4,237 |
What is the best city in Ohio? | null | Columbus | dolly-2620 | en | 4,238 |
How should I learn guitar? | null | Guitar is learned best with a teacher and through many hours of practice. In addition, there are many helpful online resources available to learn guitar. | dolly-2648 | en | 4,239 |
Given the following paragraph about politicians, who was the last surviving person to have been a member of the Irish House of Commons? | Sir Thomas Staples, 9th Baronet (31 July 1775 – 14 May 1865) was an Anglo-Irish politician and lawyer. He was the last surviving person to have been a member of the Irish House of Commons, albeit only having been in the House for a short time. | Sir Thomas Staples, 9th Baronet | dolly-2698 | en | 4,240 |
What are the Chinese dialects that people speak in China? | null | While most people's native language is Mandarin in China. There are 9 types of dialects which include Wu, Gan, Xiang, Min, Hakka, Yue, Jin, Huizhou ad Pinghua. These dialects share the same Chinese character as Mandarin which means the formal writing is the same. But they all have their own unique pronunciation which makes it hard to understand between the speakers of different dialects. | dolly-2708 | en | 4,241 |
From the passage identify the domains in which Hermes is considered a God. Display the results in a comma separated format. | Hermes (Ἑρμῆς, Hērmês)
God of boundaries, travel, trade, communication, language, writing, cunning and thieves. Hermes was also responsible for protecting livestock and presided over the spheres associated with fertility, music, luck, and deception.[9] The son of Zeus and Maia, Hermes is the messenger of the gods, and a psychopomp who leads the souls of the dead into the afterlife. He was depicted either as a handsome and athletic beardless youth, or as an older bearded man. His attributes include the herald's wand or caduceus, winged sandals, and a traveler's cap. His sacred animals include the tortoise. His Roman counterpart is Mercury. | boundaries, travel, trade, communication, language, writing, cunning,thieves | dolly-2721 | en | 4,242 |
What are the words of House Buckwell? | null | "Pride and Purpose" | dolly-2766 | en | 4,243 |
Give me a one line summary of this: "Gale gave me a sense of security I’d lacked since my father’s death. His companionship replaced the long solitary hours in the woods. I became a much better hunter when I didn’t have to look over my shoulder constantly, when someone was watching my back…Being out in the woods with Gale…sometimes I was actually happy.” | null | Gale made me feel secure and happy. | dolly-2770 | en | 4,244 |
When was golf invented? | null | Golf was invented and first played in Scotland in the 15th century. The first 18-hole round of golf was played at St. Andrews (in Fife, Scotland) in 1764. | dolly-2837 | en | 4,245 |
Where is Sugarloaf mountain located? | null | The Sugarloaf mountain, Pão de Açúcar in Portuguese, is located at the entrance of the Guanabara bay in the city of Rio de Janeiro, capital of the Rio de Janeiro state in Brazil. | dolly-2876 | en | 4,246 |
If you were to compete in the Olympics, which sport would you pick? | null | If I were to compete in the Olympics, I would compete in water polo. Water polo is a really fun sport to play, that is dynamic and fast paced to both watch and play. I don't like long breaks, so I like how fast water polo is. I also love swimming, and I like that water polo is rooted in California culture, which is where I am from. | dolly-2935 | en | 4,247 |
can you recommend fun activities to enjoy in Austin in summer? | null | Summer can be hot in Austin, with historical highest temperatures went above 100 Farheiths. Outdoor activities are challenging in the torching sun and steaming air. Luckily, Austin, as part of the Hill Country, has a lot of hiking trails with shades and mild elevation. Hiking in early morning is enjoyable if you are an early bird. You can still enjoy outdoors in summer with water. Kayaking, SUPs, tubing, canoeing, swimming, and boat tours are available at public parks or with hosting companies at Lake Travis. Alternatively, enjoy cool AC empowered indoor gyms and playground in July or August. | dolly-3018 | en | 4,248 |
Why do I have blonde hair? | null | You have blonde hair because of your parent's genes. If your mom and dad both have blonde hair your hair is blonde through a dominant gene. If either your mom or your dad has brown or any other color hair then you got blonde hair through a recessive gene. However, it would be more common for you to have brown hair if both your parents had brown hair. | dolly-3031 | en | 4,249 |
From the below text, list the top 3 chapters of the Bhagvad Geeta, with the most verses. | There are total 18 chapters and 700 verses in Bhagavad Gita. These are:
Chapter Name Total Verses
1 Arjunvishadyog 47
2 Sankhya Yoga 72
3 Karma Yoga 43
4 gnana-Karma-Sanyasa Yoga 42
5 Karma-Sanyasa Yoga 29
6 Atma-Samyama Yoga 47
7 gnana-Vignana Yoga 30
8 Aksara-ParaBrahma Yoga 28
9 Raja-Vidya-Raja-Guhya Yoga 34
10 Vibhuti Yoga 42
11 Vishwarupa-Darsana Yoga 55
12 Bhakti Yoga the ones in XML 20
13 Ksetra-Ksetrajna-Vibhaga Yoga 34
14 Gunatraya-Vibhaga Yoga 27
15 Purushottama Yoga 20
16 Daivasura-Sampad-Vibhaga Yoga 24
17 Shraddhatraya-Vibhaga Yoga 28
18 Moksha-Sanyasa Yoga 78
Total 700 | Moksha-Sanyasa Yoga, the 18th chapter of the Bhagavad Gita, has 78 verses and is the longest chapter, followed by the 2nd chapter Sankhya Yoga with 72 verses and 11th chapter Vishwarupa-Darsana Yoga with 55 verses. | dolly-3038 | en | 4,250 |
What are good gifts for a new mom? | null | For Baby:
Baby Bum Brush (don't laugh, this saves your life as a new mom!)
Anything Kyte Baby, I was obsessed with this stuff, its all organic bamboo and SOOOO soft
Muslim Burp Cloths - you go through these like WATER for the first few weeks
The Story of You - someone got one for my friend and she raves about it! Its a DIY photo journal to document the first year(s)
:
For Mom:
Babysitting coupons: just offering to come over and let her sleep for a few hours for the first few weeks will literally change her life. Truly. This is my #1.
Newspaper framed from the day her baby is born: Ricky did this for me, and it meant so much! Just so cool to have.
A cleaning service for a month (nobody got this for me, but I ended up getting it for myself, I couldn't keep up!)
Uber Eats/Doordash/Instacart Food Delivery
Shower Steamers/Spa Day
If she has a C-Section, you might want to talk to her about if she needs anything to help make her comfortable? I had one unexpectedly and I didn't realize you needed special underwear, ice packs, etc. I was totally unprepared, haha. | dolly-3068 | en | 4,251 |
Give me a bulleted list of the top five most followed Instagram profiles. | null | 1. @Instagram
2. @Cristiano
3. @leomessi
4. @selenagomez
5. @kyliejenner | dolly-3073 | en | 4,252 |
What woodwind instruments are popular to learn? | null | Flute, Clarinet and Saxophone are popular woodwind instruments. Oboe and Bassoon are interesting but less popular. | dolly-3165 | en | 4,253 |
Who is Sean Connery? | Sir Sean Connery (born Thomas Connery; 25 August 1930 – 31 October 2020) was a Scottish actor. He was the first actor to portray fictional British secret agent James Bond on film, starring in seven Bond films between 1962 and 1983.[1][2][3] Originating the role in Dr. No, Connery played Bond in six of Eon Productions' entries and made his final Bond appearance in the non-Eon-produced Never Say Never Again; if non-Eon-produced Bond movies are included, Connery shares the record for the most portrayals as James Bond with Roger Moore (with 7 apiece). Following his third appearance as Bond in Goldfinger (1964), in June 1965 Time magazine observed "James Bond has developed into the biggest mass-cult hero of the decade" | Scottish Actor | dolly-3179 | en | 4,254 |
Make me a list of the first four Americans who landed on the moon. | null | The first four Americans who stepped foot on the moon were Neil Armstrong (Apollo 11), Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin (Apollo 11), Charles "Pete" Conrad (Apollo 12), and Alan Bean (Apollo 12). | dolly-3194 | en | 4,255 |
Classify each of the following as healthy or unhealthy: cake, apple, broccoli, donut, candy, soda, kombucha, and ice cream | null | Healthy: apple, broccoli, and kombucha
Unhealthy: cake, donut, candy, sode, and ice cream | dolly-3201 | en | 4,256 |
Suggest some brass instruments I can learn if I want to play in an orchestra? | null | French Horn, Trombone, Trumpet and Tuba are common brass instruments in orchestras. | dolly-3209 | en | 4,257 |
What is a economic trait of Generation Z (Gen Z)? | As consumers, members of Generation Z are typically reliant to the Internet to research their options and to place orders. They tend to be skeptical and will shun firms whose actions and values are contradictory.[45][46] Their purchases are heavily influenced by trends they see on social media.[47]
In the West, while majorities might signal their support for certain ideals such as "environmental consciousness" to pollsters, actual purchases do not reflect their stated views, as can be seen from their high demand for cheap but not durable clothing ("fast fashion"), or preference for rapid delivery.[45][46][47] Moreover, young Western consumers of this cohort are less likely to pay a premium for what they want compared to their counterparts from emerging economies. | Gen Z are dependent on the internet to do research and also to place orders. They do not use purchases to signal morals or views, as they tend to purchase fast fashion and prefer fast delivery over quality. | dolly-3252 | en | 4,258 |
Where is the Hawkeye Creek Bridge located | Hawkeye Creek Bridge is a historic structure located in a rural area northeast of Mediapolis, Iowa, United States. The Des Moines County Board of Supervisors contracted with Clinton Bridge and Iron Works on September 23, 1909, to design and build this bridge. It is an 80-foot (24 m) span that carries traffic of a gravel road over Hawkeye Creek.[2] The structure is a single rigid-connected Pratt through truss that is supported by concrete abutments. It basically remains in an unaltered condition.[2] The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.[1] | The Hawkeye Creek Bridge is a historic structure located in a rural area northeast of Mediapolis, Iowa, United States. The Des Moines County Board of Supervisors contracted with Clinton Bridge and Iron Works on September 23, 1909, to design and build this bridge.
It is an 80-foot (24 m) span that carries traffic of a gravel road over Hawkeye Creek. The structure is a single rigid-connected Pratt through truss that is supported by concrete abutments. It basically remains in an unaltered condition. The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998. | dolly-3285 | en | 4,259 |
Give me a list of actors who won an Oscar in the last 5 years. | null | 1. Brendan Fraser, 2022
2. Will Smith, 2021
3. Anthony Hopkins, 2020
4. Joaquin Phoenix, 2019
5. Rami Malek, 2018 | dolly-3321 | en | 4,260 |
What is the length of the song "The New Deal"? | Side A
1. "H2O Gate Blues" – 7:58 (about the Watergate break-in and cover-up) (from Winter in America)
2. "We Beg Your Pardon (Pardon our Analysis)" – 7:52 (about the pardon of Richard Nixon) (from The First Minute of a New Day)
3. "The New Deal" – 3:10
Side B
4. "Jose Campos Torres" – 2:36 (about Jose Campos Torres, a U.S. Army veteran who was arrested and then murdered and tossed into a bayou by two police officers in Houston in 1978, spurring the Moody Park Riot)
5. "The Ghetto Code (Dot Dot Dit Dit Dot Dot Dash)" – 12:57
6. "Bicentennial Blues" – 8:39 (from It's Your World) | 3:10 | dolly-3338 | en | 4,261 |
Who was the first couple to win the Nobel prize? | Marie Salomea Skłodowska–Curie (/ˈkjʊəri/ KURE-ee,[4] French pronunciation: [maʁi kyʁi], Polish pronunciation: [ˈmarja skwɔˈdɔfska kʲiˈri]; born Maria Salomea Skłodowska, Polish: [ˈmarja salɔˈmɛa skwɔˈdɔfska]; 7 November 1867 – 4 July 1934) was a Polish and naturalized-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, the first person to win a Nobel Prize twice, and the only person to win a Nobel Prize in two scientific fields. Her husband, Pierre Curie, was a co-winner of her first Nobel Prize, making them the first-ever married couple to win the Nobel Prize and launching the Curie family legacy of five Nobel Prizes. She was, in 1906, the first woman to become a professor at the University of Paris.[5] | Marie Curie and Pierre Curie are the first couple to win the Nobel prize. | dolly-3416 | en | 4,262 |
Summarize what electoral college does in USA presidential election | The United States Electoral College is the group of presidential electors required by the Constitution to form every four years for the sole purpose of appointing the president and vice president. Each state and the District of Columbia appoints electors pursuant to the methods described by its legislature, equal in number to its congressional delegation (representatives and senators). Federal office holders, including senators and representatives, cannot be electors. Of the current 538 electors, an absolute majority of 270 or more electoral votes is required to elect the president and vice president. If no candidate achieves an absolute majority there, a contingent election is held by the House of Representatives to elect the president and by the Senate to elect the vice president.
The states and the District of Columbia hold a statewide or districtwide popular vote on Election Day in November to choose electors based upon how they have pledged to vote for president and vice president, with some state laws proscribing faithless electors. All states except Maine and Nebraska use a party block voting, or general ticket method, to choose their electors, meaning all their electors go to one winning ticket. Maine and Nebraska choose one elector per congressional district and two electors for the ticket with the highest statewide vote. The electors meet and vote in December, and the inauguration of the president and vice president takes place in January. | Each states appoints electors based on methods by their legislature.
Number of electors from each state are same as number of representatives from that state.
Candidate needs 270 electoral votes out of 538 to win presidential election.
All electors from state cast each of their vote to whoever received most votes in that state.
Maine and Nebraska can split their electoral votes based on whoever wins their district.
If no candidate gets 270 votes or higher then House of Representatives meets to elect President and Vice President. | dolly-3479 | en | 4,263 |
Please give me summary of the below graph in not more than 2 line. | Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence demonstrated by machines, as opposed to intelligence of humans and other animals. Example tasks in which this is done include speech recognition, computer vision, translation between (natural) languages, as well as other mappings of inputs.
AI applications include advanced web search engines (e.g., Google Search), recommendation systems (used by YouTube, Amazon, and Netflix), understanding human speech (such as Siri and Alexa), self-driving cars (e.g., Waymo), generative or creative tools (ChatGPT and AI art), automated decision-making, and competing at the highest level in strategic game systems (such as chess and Go).[1]
As machines become increasingly capable, tasks considered to require "intelligence" are often removed from the definition of AI, a phenomenon known as the AI effect. For instance, optical character recognition is frequently excluded from things considered to be AI,[2] having become a routine technology.[3]
Artificial intelligence was founded as an academic discipline in 1956, and in the years since it has experienced several waves of optimism,[4][5] followed by disappointment and the loss of funding (known as an "AI winter"),[6][7] followed by new approaches, success, and renewed funding.[5][8] AI research has tried and discarded many different approaches, including simulating the brain, modeling human problem solving, formal logic, large databases of knowledge, and imitating animal behavior. In the first decades of the 21st century, highly mathematical and statistical machine learning has dominated the field, and this technique has proved highly successful, helping to solve many challenging problems throughout industry and academia.[8][9]
The various sub-fields of AI research are centered around particular goals and the use of particular tools. The traditional goals of AI research include reasoning, knowledge representation, planning, learning, natural language processing, perception, and the ability to move and manipulate objects.[a] General intelligence (the ability to solve an arbitrary problem) is among the field's long-term goals.[10] To solve these problems, AI researchers have adapted and integrated a wide range of problem-solving techniques, including search and mathematical optimization, formal logic, artificial neural networks, and methods based on statistics, probability, and economics. AI also draws upon computer science, psychology, linguistics, philosophy, and many other fields.
The field was founded on the assumption that human intelligence "can be so precisely described that a machine can be made to simulate it".[b] This raised philosophical arguments about the mind and the ethical consequences of creating artificial beings endowed with human-like intelligence; these issues have previously been explored by myth, fiction, and philosophy since antiquity.[12] Computer scientists and philosophers have since suggested that AI may become an existential risk to humanity if its rational capacities are not steered towards beneficial goals.[c] The term artificial intelligence has also been criticized for overhyping AI's true technological capabilities.[13][14][15] | Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence demonstrated by machines rather than Intelligence of species and this AI is being used in some application like advanced web search engines, recommendation systems, understanding human speech, self-driving car, generative or creative tools but like every coin has two face AI also raise ethical consequences of creating artificial beings endowed with human-like intelligence | dolly-3514 | en | 4,264 |
How did Andy Warhol create the "piss paintings"? | null | Andy Warhol created paintings in the 1970s by covering canvases with copper paint and having various staffers urinate on them. This created different colored splotches, pools, and lines. | dolly-3580 | en | 4,265 |
Based on the passage provided, what does Brene Brown's research focus on? | Casandra Brené Brown (born November 18, 1965) is an American professor, lecturer, author, and podcast host. Brown is known in particular for her research on shame, vulnerability, and leadership, and for her widely viewed TEDx talk in 2010. Since then she has written six number-one New York Times bestselling books, hosts two podcasts, and has filmed a lecture for Netflix as well as a series about her latest book, Atlas of the Heart on HBO Max. | Brene Brown's research focuses on shame, vulnerability, and leadership. | dolly-3605 | en | 4,266 |
Why are kids inquisitive? | null | As kids grow and have a sense of the world around them, they tend to be eager to understand the meaning of everything and events. In most cases, their primary source of information is the adults around them, usually their mom and data, hence they ask 'why' on a lot of things and events. This not only develops their intellectual skills, but also their social skills. It is worth mentioning that there could be several developmental and/or cognitive factors that affect this trait in some kids. | dolly-3609 | en | 4,267 |
What material is typically used for rowing shells? | Originally made from wood, shells are now almost always made from a composite material (usually a double skin of carbon-fiber reinforced plastic with a sandwich of honeycomb material) for strength and weight advantages. World Rowing rules specify minimum weights for each class of boat so that no individual team will gain a great advantage from the use of expensive materials or technology. | Rowing shells are now typically made from carbon-fiber. | dolly-3630 | en | 4,268 |
Classify each of the following as bright or dark: sun, lamp, cave, light, night, tunnel | null | Sun: Bright
Lamp: Bright
Cave: Dark
Light: Bright
Night: Dark
Tunnel: Dark | dolly-3634 | en | 4,269 |
Give me a bulleted list of the main responses to "Bad Blood" listed in this text, including whether they were positive or negative. | "Bad Blood" is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, taken from her fifth studio album 1989 (2014). Swift wrote the song with its producers Max Martin and Shellback. The album track is a pop song with stomping drums. A hip hop remix of "Bad Blood", featuring American rapper Kendrick Lamar and additional production by Ilya, was released as the fourth single from 1989 on May 17, 2015, by Big Machine and Republic Records.
The lyrics are about feelings of betrayal by a close friend. Upon the album's release, critics expressed mixed opinions about "Bad Blood", with some complimenting Swift's defiant attitude and dubbing it an album highlight, while others criticized its production and lyrics. The remixed single was praised for the reworked instrumentation and Lamar's verses, which others considered to be out of place on a pop song. Media outlets speculated that American singer Katy Perry is the subject of the song. The remix received a Grammy nomination for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance.
"Bad Blood" was supported by a high-budget music video directed by Joseph Kahn and produced by Swift. It featured an ensemble cast consisting of many singers, actresses and fashion models, which received wide media coverage. Critics praised the video for its cinematic and futuristic visuals inspired by neo-noir styles. It won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video, and two MTV Video Music Awards for the Video of the Year and Best Collaboration. Commercially, "Bad Blood" reached number one in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and Scotland, as well as the United States, where it topped the Billboard Hot 100, Adult Top 40 and Mainstream Top 40 charts. It has been certified triple platinum in Australia and Canada, and 6× platinum in the US. | * positive about Taylor Swift's defiant attitude
* negative about the song's production and lyrics
* positive about the instrumentation and verses
* positive about the accompanying music video's visuals
* positive in terms of topping several charts | dolly-3640 | en | 4,270 |
What is a chemical structure? | A chemical structure determination includes a chemist's specifying the molecular geometry and, when feasible and necessary, the electronic structure of the target molecule or other solid. Molecular geometry refers to the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together and can be represented using structural formulae and by molecular models; complete electronic structure descriptions include specifying the occupation of a molecule's molecular orbitals. Structure determination can be applied to a range of targets from very simple molecules (e.g., diatomic oxygen or nitrogen) to very complex ones (e.g., such as protein or DNA). | A chemical structure determination includes a chemist's specifying the molecular geometry and, when feasible and necessary, the electronic structure of the target molecule or other solid. | dolly-3690 | en | 4,271 |
Who is the author of the Sound and the Fury | null | The Sound and the Fury is written by William Faulkner | dolly-3707 | en | 4,272 |
All planets in our solar system rotate on their axis either in a clockwise or anti-clockwise direction. Tell me which planets have clockwise rotation, and which have anti-clockwise rotations. The planets are: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. | null | Mercury, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune have clockwise rotations. Venus has an anti-clockwise rotation. In summary, all planets except for Venus have a clockwise rotation. | dolly-3723 | en | 4,273 |
What are ways to improve running speed? | null | There are several training methods to increase your race speed, they all play with tempo in different forms.
Interval training is one way to increase running speed. In this form of training, you alternate between slow and fast tempos within a training session. You run through several repetitions alternating between fast running pace and trotting pauses. Depending on the target distance and speed, this training unit can be designed differently. A marathon runner goes through a different interval training as a 800 meter runner.
Another way to train and increase the running speed are tempo runs. Here you run at a higher pace than the actual target pace. The intensity of the load is correspondingly high, the duration of the load and the distance is therefore shorter.
Overall, however, it is important to remember that base training is just as important for increasing race speed as fast tempo sessions. With long runs, the appropriate foundations are laid in order to build them up with the previously mentioned speed units. | dolly-3739 | en | 4,274 |
Tell me about Joseph Anthony | Joseph Anthony (born Joseph Deuster; May 24, 1912 – January 20, 1993) was an American playwright, actor, and director. He made his film acting debut in the 1934 film Hat, Coat, and Glove and his theatrical acting debut in a 1935 production of Mary of Scotland. On five occasions he was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Direction.
Biography
Joseph Anthony was born as Joseph Deuster in Milwaukee, Wisconsin on May 24, 1912. His parents were Leonard Deuster and Sophie Deuster (née Hertz). Anthony attended the University of Wisconsin. He married Perry Wilson on August 2, 1942, in New York City.[1] He prepared for the stage at the Pasadena Playhouse from 1931 through 1935 and at the Daykarhanova School from 1935 through 1937. Anthony served in the United States Army in World War II from 1942 through 1946. He trained at Camp Ritchie and it’s Composite School Unit. On January 20, 1993, Joseph Anthony died at the age of 80 in a nursing home in Hyannis, Massachusetts.[2] | Joseph Anthony (born Joseph Deuster; May 24, 1912 – January 20, 1993) was an American playwright, actor, and director. He made his film acting debut in the 1934 film Hat, Coat, and Glove and his theatrical acting debut in a 1935 production of Mary of Scotland. On five occasions he was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Direction. | dolly-3741 | en | 4,275 |
How can I learn to snowboad? | null | While there are many different ways to learn how to snowboard, here are some of the more common ones:
1. Take a professional lesson. These are typically offered as half-day or full-day, and either as a private lesson or in a group of typically up to eight people.
2. Have a friend teach you. This is a more cost-conscious way, however, ensure that your friend knows how to properly teach.
3. Teach yourself. Utilize video tutorials found on various sites and get out there and try it.
Remember that snowboarding, while fun, is still an activity that could cause harm, so be sure to always wear a properly fitting helmet. | dolly-3838 | en | 4,276 |
Should I use a dynamic microphone or a condenser microphone for recording a podcast? What about streaming on twitch or making youtube videos? Should I ever use a ribbon microphone? | null | If you use a modern Apple laptop made after the year 2021, the built-in microphone has sufficient clarity and frequency response to make good recordings of your voice. It's not suitable for recording instruments, however. | dolly-3876 | en | 4,277 |
Provide a bulleted list of 5 cool things to do in Europe | null | The following are 5 cool things to do in Europe:
1. Go running with the bulls in Pamplona, Spain.
2. Go to a Real Madrid vs Barcelona soccer game.
3. Party in the night clubs of Ibiza.
4. Go to yacht week in Croatia.
5. Go to Germany for Oktoberfest. | dolly-3902 | en | 4,278 |
Why is the University of Waterloo the best school for software engineering? | null | The University of Waterloo boasts an impressive history of successful alumni in the software industry. One major reason for this success is its cooperative education program. It implements a system in which six four month internships are spread across a four year degree, combining experiential learning with theoretical education. Because of this, Waterloo's students, who are selected from the brightest in Canada, gain extensive exposure to the software engineering industry prior to graduation. | dolly-3929 | en | 4,279 |
How can introverts maintain friendship. | null | Introverts like to be themselves. They dont like being forced to things why dont like to do. This is extremely difficult for them. They respect their friends space and expect the same in return. Introverts need to find friends who respect them for what they are and dont push them to do things they dont like and have said no to once. Generally extroverts tend to bring people to follow them, hence extroverts are not great friends for introverts, but its generally not true completely. Introverts may need to be little extrovert to express their line which their friends should push them over. | dolly-3943 | en | 4,280 |
Why are people migrating in the US from the NE and Mid-West to the South and SE? | null | Remote work has eliminated the requirement to live close to the office | dolly-3963 | en | 4,281 |
Why do my plants keep dying? | null | The most common causes is too much water (flood), followed by too little water (drought). If the plants are indoors, ensure they receive sufficient sunlight. | dolly-3972 | en | 4,282 |
Please list all the countries having hosted a Rugby World Cup before 2023 according to the text | Tournaments are organised by Rugby World Cup Ltd (RWCL), which is itself owned by World Rugby. The selection of host is decided by a vote of World Rugby Council members.The voting procedure is managed by a team of independent auditors, and the voting kept secret. The host nation is generally selected five or six years before the competition.
The tournament has been hosted by multiple nations. For example, the 1987 tournament was co-hosted by Australia and New Zealand. World Rugby requires that the hosts must have a venue with a capacity of at least 60,000 spectators for the final. Host nations sometimes construct or upgrade stadia in preparation for the World Cup, such as Millennium Stadium – purpose built for the 1999 tournament – and Eden Park, upgraded for 2011. The first country outside of the traditional rugby nations of SANZAAR or the Six Nations to be awarded the hosting rights was 2019 host Japan. France will host the 2023 tournament. The next tournament to be hosted by a nation outside the traditional nations will be the 2031 tournament in the United States. | Australia, New Zealand, Japan | dolly-3987 | en | 4,283 |
In relation to working out, what is a bench press, and how do you perform it? | The bench press, or chest press, is a weight training exercise where the trainee presses a weight upwards while lying on a weight training bench. Although the bench press is a full-body exercise, the muscles primarily used are the pectoralis major, the anterior deltoids, and the triceps, among other stabilizing muscles. A barbell is generally used to hold the weight, but a pair of dumbbells can also be used | The bench press is a weight training exercise targeting the chest and triceps. The trainee begins by lying down on a flat bench with a straight barbell directly on top of them. The trainee lifts the bar to extend directly above the head, and then slowly descends the bar until it touches their chest. The bar is then pressed upward until the arms are once again fully extended. | dolly-3995 | en | 4,284 |
Using this paragraph about Matt Eskandari, did Matt Eskandri make any films before Victim? | Matt Eskandari attended film school at the University of Southern California.[5] His thesis film, "The Taking," won the award for Best Student Film at Screamfest.[6] Following film school, Eskandari was selected as a contestant for the Steven Spielberg filmmaker competition On The Lot. He would go on to make his feature debut a year later with the independent film Victim released by IFC Films, starring Stacey Haiduk,[7] and premiered at the Cannes Film Festival.[8] The film received a theatrical release, and was distributed on IFC Midnight's Pay-per-view channel.[9][10]
In 2013 Eskandari directed and produced his film titled The Gauntlet which starred Bai Ling, and Dustin Nguyen.[11] It debuted that October at the Screamfest film festival. Filmed in Beijing, China, the movie "follows five strangers who awake in an underground, medieval dungeon." The film received distribution from Lionsgate Home Entertainment following a screening at Cannes[12] and was retitled Game of Assassins.[13] For the film, Eskandari received several accolades, including the Best Director award from the Asians On Film Festival and the Winter Film Award for Best Feature Film.[14] The official release on DVD and digital VOD was September 23, 2014.[15]
In 2016, Eskandari began filming a new film he co-wrote entitled The Deep End.[16] The film's cast included Tobin Bell,[17] Nora-Jane Noone,[18] and Alexandra Park.[19] It was re-titled to 12 Feet Deep and released wide on June 20, 2017 by Mar Vista Entertainment.[20] | Matt Eskandari filmed "The Taking" before his feature debut with the film Victim. | dolly-4029 | en | 4,285 |
Is switchgrass a good biofuel source? | null | Switchgrass is an excellent biofuel source for many reasons. Switchgrass grows natively throughout the United States, Mexico, and Canada. It has a dramatically higher energy yield than corn. It requires almost no pesticides to grow and no fertilizer. Switchgrass actually pulls carbon out of the air and puts it into the ground through it's large root system, thus enriching the soil it grows in rather than depleting it. Once a switchgrass plant is established it grows back naturally every year for 18 to 20 years. | dolly-4047 | en | 4,286 |
Given this paragraph about Corsica, when was Napoleon Bonaparte born and where? | Corsica was ruled by the Republic of Genoa from 1284 to 1755, when it seceded to become a self-proclaimed, Italian-speaking Republic. In 1768, Genoa officially ceded it to Louis XV of France as part of a pledge for the debts it had incurred by enlisting France's military help in suppressing the Corsican revolt, and as a result France went on to annex it in 1769. The future Emperor of the French, Napoleon Bonaparte, was a native Corsican, born that same year in Ajaccio: his ancestral home, Maison Bonaparte, is today a visitor attraction and museum. Because of Corsica's historical ties to Tuscany, the island has retained many Italian cultural elements and many Corsican surnames are rooted in the Italian peninsula. | Napoleon Bonaparte was born in 1769, the same year that France annexed Corsica. He was born in Ajaccio, Corsica. | dolly-4141 | en | 4,287 |
Who was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, and which prizes did she win? | null | Marie Curie was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize. She won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911. | dolly-4171 | en | 4,288 |
Given this article about Operation Aurora, Which nation was beleived to be behund the attacks? | Operation Aurora was a series of cyber attacks conducted by advanced persistent threats such as the Elderwood Group based in Beijing, China, with ties to the People's Liberation Army.[2] First publicly disclosed by Google on January 12, 2010, in a blog post,[1] the attacks began in mid-2009 and continued through December 2009.[3]
The attack was aimed at dozens of other organizations, of which Adobe Systems,[4] Akamai Technologies,[5] Juniper Networks,[6] and Rackspace[7] have publicly confirmed that they were targeted. According to media reports, Yahoo, Symantec, Northrop Grumman, Morgan Stanley,[8] and Dow Chemical[9] were also among the targets.
As a result of the attack, Google stated in its blog that it plans to operate a completely uncensored version of its search engine in China "within the law, if at all," and acknowledged that if this is not possible, it may leave China and close its Chinese offices.[1] Official Chinese sources claimed this was part of a strategy developed by the U.S. government.[10]
The attack was named "Operation Aurora" by Dmitri Alperovitch, Vice President of Threat Research at cybersecurity company McAfee. Research by McAfee Labs discovered that "Aurora" was part of the file path on the attacker's machine that was included in two of the malware binaries McAfee said were associated with the attack. "We believe the name was the internal name the attacker(s) gave to this operation," McAfee Chief Technology Officer George Kurtz said in a blog post.[11]
According to McAfee, the primary goal of the attack was to gain access to and potentially modify source code repositories at these high-tech, security, and defense contractor companies. "[The SCMs] were wide open," says Alperovitch. "No one ever thought about securing them, yet these were the crown jewels of most of these companies in many ways—much more valuable than any financial or personally identifiable data that they may have and spend so much time and effort protecting."[12]
History
Flowers left outside Google China's headquarters after its announcement it might leave the country
On January 12, 2010, Google revealed on its blog that it had been the victim of a cyber attack. The company said the attack occurred in mid-December and originated from China. Google stated that over 20 other companies had been attacked; other sources have since cited that more than 34 organizations were targeted.[9] As a result of the attack, Google said it was reviewing its business in China.[1] On the same day, United States Secretary of State Hillary Clinton issued a brief statement condemning the attacks and requesting a response from China.[13]
On January 13, 2010, the news agency All Headline News reported that the United States Congress plans to investigate Google's allegations that the Chinese government used the company's service to spy on human rights activists.[14]
In Beijing, visitors left flowers outside of Google's office. However, these were later removed, with a Chinese security guard stating that this was an "illegal flower tribute".[15] The Chinese government has yet to issue a formal response, although an anonymous official stated that China was seeking more information on Google's intentions.[16]
Attackers involved
Further information: Cyberwarfare by China
Technical evidence including IP addresses, domain names, malware signatures, and other factors, show Elderwood was behind the Operation Aurora attack. The "Elderwood" group was named by Symantec (after a source-code variable used by the attackers), and is referred to as the "Beijing Group" by Dell Secureworks. The group obtained some of Google's source code, as well as access to information about Chinese activists.[17] Elderwood also targeted numerous other companies in the shipping, aeronautics, arms, energy, manufacturing, engineering, electronics, financial, and software sectors.[2][18]
The "APT" designation for the Chinese threat actors responsible for attacking Google is APT17.[19]
Elderwood specializes in attacking and infiltrating second-tier defense industry suppliers that make electronic or mechanical components for top defense companies. Those firms then become a cyber "stepping stone" to gain access to top-tier defense contractors. One attack procedure used by Elderwood is to infect legitimate websites frequented by employees of the target company – a so-called "water hole" attack, just as lions stake out a watering hole for their prey. Elderwood infects these less-secure sites with malware that downloads to a computer that clicks on the site. After that, the group searches inside the network to which the infected computer is connected, finding and then downloading executives' e-mails and critical documents on company plans, decisions, acquisitions, and product designs.[2]
Attack analysis
In its blog posting, Google stated that some of its intellectual property had been stolen. It suggested that the attackers were interested in accessing Gmail accounts of Chinese dissidents. According to the Financial Times, two accounts used by Ai Weiwei had been attacked, their contents read and copied; his bank accounts were investigated by state security agents who claimed he was under investigation for "unspecified suspected crimes".[20] However, the attackers were only able to view details on two accounts and those details were limited to things such as the subject line and the accounts' creation date.[1]
Security experts immediately noted the sophistication of the attack.[11] Two days after the attack became public, McAfee reported that the attackers had exploited purported zero-day vulnerabilities (unfixed and previously unknown to the target system developers) in Internet Explorer and dubbed the attack "Operation Aurora". A week after the report by McAfee, Microsoft issued a fix for the issue,[21] and admitted that they had known about the security hole used since September.[22] Additional vulnerabilities were found in Perforce, the source code revision software used by Google to manage their source code.[23][24]
VeriSign's iDefense Labs claimed that the attacks were perpetrated by "agents of the Chinese state or proxies thereof".[25]
According to a diplomatic cable from the U.S. Embassy in Beijing, a Chinese source reported that the Chinese Politburo directed the intrusion into Google's computer systems. The cable suggested that the attack was part of a coordinated campaign executed by "government operatives, public security experts and Internet outlaws recruited by the Chinese government."[26] The report suggested that it was part of an ongoing campaign in which attackers have "broken into American government computers and those of Western allies, the Dalai Lama and American businesses since 2002."[27] According to The Guardian's reporting on the leak, the attacks were "orchestrated by a senior member of the Politburo who typed his own name into the global version of the search engine and found articles criticising him personally."[28]
Once a victim's system was compromised, a backdoor connection that masqueraded as an SSL connection made connections to command and control servers running in Illinois, Texas, and Taiwan, including machines that were running under stolen Rackspace customer accounts. The victim's machine then began exploring the protected corporate intranet that it was a part of, searching for other vulnerable systems as well as sources of intellectual property, specifically the contents of source code repositories.
The attacks were thought to have definitively ended on Jan 4 when the command and control servers were taken down, although it is not known at this point whether or not the attackers intentionally shut them down.[29] However, the attacks were still occurring as of February 2010.[3]
Response and aftermath
The German, Australian, and French governments publicly issued warnings to users of Internet Explorer after the attack, advising them to use alternative browsers at least until a fix for the security hole was made.[30][31][32] The German, Australian, and French governments considered all versions of Internet Explorer vulnerable or potentially vulnerable.[33][34]
In an advisory on January 14, 2010, Microsoft said that attackers targeting Google and other U.S. companies used software that exploits a hole in Internet Explorer. The vulnerability affects Internet Explorer versions 6, 7, and 8 on Windows 7, Vista, Windows XP, Server 2003, Server 2008 R2, as well as IE 6 Service Pack 1 on Windows 2000 Service Pack 4.[35]
The Internet Explorer exploit code used in the attack has been released into the public domain, and has been incorporated into the Metasploit Framework penetration testing tool. A copy of the exploit was uploaded to Wepawet, a service for detecting and analyzing web-based malware operated by the computer security group at the University of California, Santa Barbara. "The public release of the exploit code increases the possibility of widespread attacks using the Internet Explorer vulnerability," said George Kurtz, CTO of McAfee, of the attack. "The now public computer code may help cybercriminals craft attacks that use the vulnerability to compromise Windows systems."[36]
Security company Websense said it identified "limited public use" of the unpatched IE vulnerability in drive-by attacks against users who strayed onto malicious Web sites.[37] According to Websense, the attack code it spotted is the same as the exploit that went public last week.[clarification needed] "Internet Explorer users currently face a real and present danger due to the public disclosure of the vulnerability and release of attack code, increasing the possibility of widespread attacks," said George Kurtz, chief technology officer of McAfee, in a blog update.[38] Confirming this speculation, Websense Security Labs identified additional sites using the exploit on January 19.[39] According to reports from Ahnlab, the second URL was spread through the Instant Messenger network Misslee Messenger, a popular IM client in South Korea.[39]
Researchers have created attack code that exploits the vulnerability in Internet Explorer 7 (IE7) and IE8—even when Microsoft's recommended defensive measure (Data Execution Prevention (DEP)) is turned on.[dubious – discuss] According to Dino Dai Zovi, a security vulnerability researcher, "even the newest IE8 isn't safe from attack if it's running on Windows XP Service Pack 2 (SP2) or earlier, or on Windows Vista RTM (release to manufacturing), the version Microsoft shipped in January 2007."[40]
Microsoft admitted that the security hole used had been known to them since September.[22] Work on an update was prioritized[41] and on Thursday, January 21, 2010, Microsoft released a security patch aiming to counter this weakness, the published exploits based on it and a number of other privately reported vulnerabilities.[42] They did not state if any of the latter had been used or published by exploiters or whether these had any particular relation to the Aurora operation, but the entire cumulative update was termed critical for most versions of Windows, including Windows 7.
Security researchers continued to investigate the attacks. HBGary, a security firm, released a report in which they claimed to have found some significant markers that might help identify the code developer. The firm also said that the code was Chinese language based but could not be specifically tied to any government entity.[43]
On February 19, 2010, a security expert investigating the cyber-attack on Google, has claimed that the people behind the attack were also responsible for the cyber-attacks made on several Fortune 100 companies in the past one and a half years. They have also tracked the attack back to its point of origin, which seems to be two Chinese schools, Shanghai Jiao Tong University and Lanxiang Vocational School.[44] As highlighted by The New York Times, both of these schools have ties with the Chinese search engine Baidu, a rival of Google China.[45] Both Lanxiang Vocational and Jiaotong University have denied the allegation.[46][47]
In March 2010, Symantec, which was helping investigate the attack for Google, identified Shaoxing as the source of 21.3% of all (12 billion) malicious emails sent throughout the world.[48]
Google retrospective
On October 3, 2022, Google on YouTube released a six-episode series[49] covering the events that occurred during Operation Aurora, with commentary from insiders who dealt with the attack, though the series primary focus was to reassure the Google-using public that measures are in place to counter hacking attempts. | China's People's Liberation Army (PLA) is believed to be behind this operation. | dolly-4193 | en | 4,289 |
Based on this paragraph, where was the The Ford Telstar sold? | The Ford Telstar is an automobile that was sold by Ford in Asia, Australasia and Africa, comparable in size to the European Ford Sierra and the North American Ford Tempo. It was progressively replaced by the Ford Mondeo. It was named after the Telstar satellite. | Asia, Australasia and Africa | dolly-4201 | en | 4,290 |
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Padayani thappu, Qanun | null | Qanun is string, Padayani thappu is percussion. | dolly-4206 | en | 4,291 |
What is alexa? | null | Alexa is a virtual assistant technology that people can purchase for use in their homes. It was created by Amazon back in 2013, and it responds like a human to human questions. It can order items from Amazon, and can also be used for home automation. Many widgets created can connect to the Alexa to extend the functionality of what Alexa can do. Alexa has fun entertainment features like story telling, singing, and telling jokes. | dolly-4216 | en | 4,292 |
Who regulates companies in Australia? | null | The Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) regulates financial services and consumer credit, and authorised financial markets operating in Australia. | dolly-4228 | en | 4,293 |
What happens when you meditate? | null | The art of meditation has a long prolonged positive effect on human behaviour and thinking. The mind is equated to a jumping monkey that doesn't remain quiet. The restlessness that it builds can lead to health issues and sometimes uncontrollable behaviour. In general, meditation is to calm the mind and becoming the spectator or observer of the thoughts that rise in your consciousness.
Now, let's break it down further ...
It first starts with understanding of the 'self' which can be equated to mind in loose terms. Experiences happen to you in your waking state and the mind first starts labelling things. Negative experiences are profoundly deep rooted then positive ones. All these experiences gradually defines how you react to situations that shapes your individual personality. Do you know that there is a spectator within your mind more like a dual personality? it is the subject - object thing. The spectator within you is the observer of things and is often neutral.
Idea of meditation is to remain a spectator for long periods of time and let fewer and fewer thoughts arise into your conscious state. At the end it leaves you a with a sense of accomplishment because as a spectator you're waiting and this deliberate attempt makes the thought (referred as devil) disappear. | dolly-4248 | en | 4,294 |
From the passage provided, summarise the key phases of sunset. | Sunset, also known as sundown, is the daily disappearance of the Sun below the horizon due to Earth's rotation. As viewed from everywhere on Earth (except the North and South poles), the equinox Sun sets due west at the moment of both the spring and autumn equinoxes. As viewed from the Northern Hemisphere, the Sun sets to the northwest (or not at all) in the spring and summer, and to the southwest in the autumn and winter; these seasons are reversed for the Southern Hemisphere.
The time of sunset is defined in astronomy as the moment when the upper limb of the Sun disappears below the horizon. Near the horizon, atmospheric refraction causes sunlight rays to be distorted to such an extent that geometrically the solar disk is already about one diameter below the horizon when a sunset is observed.
Sunset is distinct from twilight, which is divided into three stages. The first one is civil twilight, which begins once the Sun has disappeared below the horizon, and continues until it descends to 6 degrees below the horizon. The second phase is nautical twilight, between 6 and 12 degrees below the horizon. The third phase is astronomical twilight, which is the period when the Sun is between 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon. Dusk is at the very end of astronomical twilight, and is the darkest moment of twilight just before night. Finally, night occurs when the Sun reaches 18 degrees below the horizon and no longer illuminates the sky.
Locations further north than the Arctic Circle and further south than the Antarctic Circle experience no full sunset or sunrise on at least one day of the year, when the polar day or the polar night persists continuously for 24 hours. | Sunset is divided into three stages. The first is twilight, which begins once the Sun has disappears below the horizon, and continues until it descends to 6 degrees below the horizon. The second phase is nautical twilight, between 6 and 12 degrees below the horizon. The third phase is astronomical twilight, which is the period when the Sun is between 12 and 18 degrees below the horizon. | dolly-4308 | en | 4,295 |
How many Olympic rings are there? | null | There are five Olympic rings that represent the union of the five continents and the meeting of athletes from throughout the world at the Olympic Games. | dolly-4329 | en | 4,296 |
What is a Tommy John Surgery? | Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction, colloquially known as Tommy John surgery (TJS), is a surgical graft procedure where the ulnar collateral ligament in the medial elbow is replaced with either a tendon from elsewhere in the patient's body, or with one from a deceased donor. The procedure is common among collegiate and professional athletes in several sports, particularly in baseball. | A surgical graft procedure where the ulnar collateral ligament in the medial elbow is replaced with either a tendon from elsewhere in the patient's body, or with one from a deceased donor. | dolly-4358 | en | 4,297 |
Which field hockey team has won the Stanley Cup twice in a row? | null | In a stifling game on Sunday, the Pittsburgh Penguins made the difference with a minute and a half left against Nashville (2-0) to pocket their second consecutive Stanley Cup (4-2). | dolly-4406 | en | 4,298 |
Given this paragraph about Chinese cuisine, tell me what are the sub-cuisines, and what made them different. | Chinese cuisine encompasses the numerous cuisines originating from China, as well as overseas cuisines created by the Chinese diaspora. Because of the Chinese diaspora and historical power of the country, Chinese cuisine has influenced many other cuisines in Asia and beyond, with modifications made to cater to local palates. Chinese food staples such as rice, soy sauce, noodles, tea, chili oil, and tofu, and utensils such as chopsticks and the wok, can now be found worldwide.
The preferences for seasoning and cooking techniques of Chinese provinces depend on differences in social class, religion, historical background, and ethnic groups. Geographic features including mountains, rivers, forests, and deserts also have a strong effect on the local available ingredients, considering that the climate of China varies from tropical in the south to subarctic in the northeast. Imperial royal and noble preference also plays a role in the change of Chinese cuisine. Because of imperial expansion and trading, ingredients and cooking techniques from other cultures have been integrated into Chinese cuisines over time.
There are numerous regional, religious, and ethnic styles of Chinese cuisine found within China and abroad. Chinese cuisine is highly diverse and most frequently categorized into provincial divisions, although these province-level classifications consist of many more styles within themselves. The most praised Four Great Traditions in Chinese cuisine are Chuan, Lu, Yue, and Huaiyang, representing cuisines of West, North, South, and East China, respectively.[1] The modern Eight Cuisines of China are Anhui (徽菜; Huīcài), Guangdong (粤菜; Yuècài), Fujian (闽菜; Mǐncài), Hunan (湘菜; Xiāngcài), Jiangsu (苏菜; Sūcài), Shandong (鲁菜; Lǔcài), Sichuan (川菜; Chuāncài), and Zhejiang (浙菜; Zhècài) cuisines.[2]
A Quanjude cook is slicing Peking roast duck. Peking duck is eaten by rolling pieces of duck with scallion, cucumber and sweet bean sauce using steamed pancakes.[3]
Color, scent and taste are the three traditional aspects used to describe Chinese food,[4] as well as the meaning, appearance, and nutrition of the food. Cooking should be appraised with respect to the ingredients used, knife work, cooking time, and seasoning. | The modern Chinese cuisine were broken down into 8 different styles of local cuisine, which are Anhui, Guangdong, Fujian, Hunan , Jiangsu , Shandong, Sichuan, and Zhejiang cuisines. They are different because of many reasons, such as geographic features and climate which shaped the locals to specialize in certain ingredients or flavors, as well as religion and ethnic groups. | dolly-4409 | en | 4,299 |
Subsets and Splits