Datasets:
sohomghosh
/
FinRAD_Financial_Readability_Assessment_Dataset

Dataset card Data Studio Files Community
1
terms
stringlengths
1
156
definitions
stringlengths
3
4.2k
source
stringclasses
15 values
assigned_readability
int64
0
1
flesch_reading_ease
float64
-301.79
121
flesch_kincaid_grade
float64
-3.5
55.6
smog_index
float64
0
26.5
coleman_liau_index
float64
-33.81
51.4
automated_readability_index
float64
-6.9
65
dale_chall_readability_score
float64
0.1
35.3
linsear_write_formula
float64
-0.5
73
gunning_fog
float64
0.4
56
Group Universal Life Policy (GULP)
The term group universal life policy refers to a form of universal life insurance offered to a group of people at a lower cost than what is typically offered to an individual. Group universal life insurance is commonly purchased by corporations that want to provide their employees with life insurance coverage. These policies provide each insured party with permanent insurance coverage with an option to grow their savings.
investopedia
1
28.51
17.7
0
13.82
20.6
9.5
16.666667
19.48
Groupon
Groupon is a website and mobile app that offers coupons, cashback on purchases and group deals to consumers. Restaurants, retailers, and manufacturers use Groupon deals in an effort to lure customers into their establishments or to purchase their products.
investopedia
1
60.14
9.7
0
14.68
14.9
12.3
11.75
11.9
Groupthink
Groupthink is a phenomenon that occurs when a group of individuals reaches a consensus without critical reasoning or evaluation of the consequences or alternatives. Groupthink is based on a common desire not to upset the balance of a group of people.
investopedia
1
42.21
12.5
0
12.3
13.1
10.05
14.25
16
Growing-Equity Mortgage
A growing-equity mortgage (GEM) is a type of fixed-rate mortgage where monthly payments increase over time according to a set schedule, rather than remaining fixed and equal over the loan term. The interest rate on the loan does not change, and there is never any negative amortization. Instead, the first payment is a fully-amortizing payment and as the payment amount increases over time, the additional amount beyond what would be a fully amortizing payment is applied directly to the remaining mortgage principal, shortening the life of the loan and increasing overall interest savings.
investopedia
1
40.01
15.4
15.9
13.59
19.3
9.42
20.5
17.99
Growth and Income Fund
A growth and income fund is class of mutual fund or exchange-traded fund (ETF) that has a dual strategy of both capital appreciation (growth) and current income generated through dividends or interest payments. A growth and income fund may invest only in equities or in a combination of stocks, bonds, real estate investment trusts (REIT) and other securities.
investopedia
1
33.58
15.8
0
12.6
17.8
11.34
20.5
18.5
Growth at a Reasonable Price (GARP)
Growth at a reasonable price (GARP) is an equity investment strategy that seeks to combine tenets of both growth investing and value investing to select individual stocks. GARP investors look for companies that are showing consistent earnings growth above broad market levels while excluding companies that have very high valuations. The overarching goal is to avoid the extremes of either growth or value investing; this typically leads GARP investors to growth-oriented stocks with relatively low price/earnings (P/E) multiples in normal market conditions.
investopedia
1
35.31
15.1
17.5
15.96
19.6
11.15
20
18.72
Growth Company
A growth company is any company whose business generates significant positive cash flows or earnings, which increase at significantly faster rates than the overall economy. A growth company tends to have very profitable reinvestment opportunities for its own retained earnings. Thus, it typically pays little to no dividends to stockholders, opting instead to put most or all of its profits back into its expanding business.
investopedia
1
40.99
12.9
15.5
14.39
15.5
10.79
15.5
15.45
Growth Curve
A growth curve is a graphical representation of how a particular quantity increases over time. Growth curves are used in statistics to determine the type of growth pattern of the quantity—be it linear, exponential, or cubic. Once the type of growth is determined, a business can create a mathematical model to predict future sales. An example of a growth curve is a country's population over time.
investopedia
1
54.73
9.7
13.4
10.9
10.5
10.2
11.5
13.87
Growth Fund
A growth fund is a diversified portfolio of stocks that has capital appreciation as its primary goal, with little or no dividend payouts. The portfolio mainly consists of companies with above-average growth that reinvest their earnings into expansion, acquisitions, and/or research and development (R&D). Most growth funds offer higher potential capital appreciation but usually at above-average risk.
investopedia
1
26.81
14.2
16.7
16.71
16.7
11.78
15.166667
16.02
Growth Industry
A growth industry is that sector of an economy which experiences a higher-than-average growth rate as compared to other sectors. Growth industries are often new or pioneer industries that did not exist in the past. Their growth is a result of demand for new products or services offered by companies in the field. An example of a growth industry is the technology sector, whose products have become runaway hits with consumers and led to multibillion-dollar valuations for tech companies in the stock market.
investopedia
1
50.36
11.4
13.8
11.95
13.1
9.61
13.875
13.62
Growth Investing
Growth investing is an investment style and strategy that is focused on increasing an investor's capital. Growth investors typically invest in growth stocks—that is, young or small companies whose earnings are expected to increase at an above-average rate compared to their industry sector or the overall market.
investopedia
1
39.16
13.6
0
15.21
17
11.86
16.75
17.06
Growth Rates
Growth rates refer to the percentage change of a specific variable within a specific time period. For investors, growth rates typically represent the compounded annualized rate of growth of a company's revenues, earnings, dividends, or even macro concepts, such as gross domestic product (GDP) and retail sales. Expected forward-looking or trailing growth rates are two common kinds of growth rates used for analysis.
investopedia
1
41.7
12.7
15.5
14.27
15.6
12.45
15.166667
16.02
Growth Stock
A growth stock is any share in a company that is anticipated to grow at a rate significantly above the average growth for the market. These stocks generally do not pay dividends. This is because the issuers of growth stocks are usually companies that want to reinvest any earnings they accrue in order to accelerate growth in the short term. When investors invest in growth stocks, they anticipate that they will earn money through capital gains when they eventually sell their shares in the future.
investopedia
1
58.32
10.4
13
10.68
12.2
8.59
13.625
13.23
Grunt Work
Grunt work is an expression used to describe thankless and menial work. Grunt work can also refer to jobs that either lack glamour and prestige or are boring and repetitive. In the context of the finance industry, grunt work could entail combing through a company's financial records, looking for positive and negative developments, or analyzing historical trading data in the hope of finding the perfect stop-limit order points.
investopedia
1
48.43
12.1
14.1
13.41
15.1
11.96
15
14.96
GSCI (S&P)
The S&P GSCI is a composite index of commodities that measures the performance of the commodity market. The index often serves as a benchmark for commodities investments. Investing in a GSCI fund provides a broadly diversified, unleveraged, long-only position in commodity futures.
investopedia
1
40.35
11.1
14.1
14.32
12.5
11.85
10.666667
14.17
Guanxi
Guanxi (pronounced gwan' CHē) is a Chinese term meaning relationships; in business, it is commonly referred to as networks or connections used to open doors for new business and facilitate deals. A person who has a lot of guanxi will be in a better position to generate business than someone who lacks it.
investopedia
1
53.04
12.4
0
9.93
14.3
10.02
16.25
15.13
Guarantee Company
A guarantee company is a type of corporation designed to protect members from liability. Guarantee companies often form when non-profit organizations wish to attain corporate status. Clubs, sports associations, students' unions, and other membership organizations, workers' co-operatives, social enterprises, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) may also form guarantee companies.
investopedia
1
-3.99
17.8
17.1
21.34
19.7
12.98
14
15.57
Guarantee Fees
The term guarantee fee refers to the sum of money paid to the issuer of a mortgage-backed security (MBS) by the holder. This charge helps the issuer pay for administrative costs and expenses related to the security and also cuts down on any risk or loss that may arise if any of the mortgages that back the security default. Also called g-fees, guarantee fees also refer to charges paid by a mortgagor to a guarantor for services rendered.
investopedia
1
53.55
12.3
13.6
9.35
13.4
10.19
16.333333
13.48
Guaranteed Bond
A guaranteed bond is a debt security that offers a secondary guarantee that interest and principal payments will be made by a third party, should the issuer default due to reasons such as insolvency or bankruptcy. A guaranteed bond can be of either the municipal or corporate variety. It can be backed by a bond insurance company, a fund or group entity, a government authority, or the corporate parents of subsidiaries or joint ventures that are issuing bonds.
investopedia
1
36.63
14.6
17.1
11.03
14.7
10.8
19
17.58
Guaranteed Death Benefit
A guaranteed death benefit is a benefit term that guarantees that the beneficiary, as named in the contract, will receive a death benefit if the annuitant dies before the annuity begins paying benefits.
investopedia
1
21.06
18.5
0
12.66
19.3
10.54
25.5
21.68
Guaranteed Investment (Interest) Certificate (GIC)
In Canada, a guaranteed investment certificate (GIC) is a deposit investment sold by Canadian banks and trust companies. People often purchase them for retirement plans because they provide a low-risk fixed rate of return and are insured, to a degree, by the Canadian government.
investopedia
1
49.15
11.9
0
12.76
14.8
10.47
15.5
14.25
Guaranteed Investment Contract (GIC)
A guaranteed investment contract (GIC) is an insurance company provision that guarantees a rate of return in exchange for keeping a deposit for a certain period. A GIC appeals to investors as a replacement for a savings account or U.S. Treasury securities, which are government bonds guaranteed by the U.S. government. GICs are also known as funding agreements.
investopedia
1
48.3
10.1
13
11.53
10.5
9.8
10.25
11.32
Guaranteed Investment Fund (GIF)
Guaranteed investment income is a type of investment product offered by insurance companies that allow clients to invest in equity, bond, and/or index fund while providing a promise of a predefined minimum value of the fund (usually, the initial investment amount) will be available at the fund's maturity or when the client dies.
investopedia
1
17.68
24
0
13.48
30
12.82
38.5
28.75
Guaranteed Issue Life Insurance
Guaranteed issue life insurance, or guaranteed acceptance life insurance, is a type of whole life insurance policy that does not require you to answer health questions, undergo a medical exam, or allow an insurance company to review your medical and prescription records. You may also see it referred to as “no questions life insurance” or “no questions final expense insurance.”
investopedia
1
32.57
16.2
0
13.88
18.9
9.34
22.5
16.67
Guaranteed Lifetime Withdrawal Benefit (GLWB)
A Guaranteed Lifetime Withdrawal Benefit (GLWB) is a rider to a variable annuity contract that allows for withdrawals, either regular or occasional, to be made from an annuity during the accumulation phase without penalty. The annuitant pays for the GLWB rider with additional fees that are added to the total value of the annuity contract. The amount of money that is allowed to be withdrawn is a percentage of the total value of the annuity.
investopedia
1
37.64
14.2
15
11.03
14.2
9.93
16.833333
15.33
Guaranteed Loan
A guaranteed loan is a loan that a third party guarantees—or assumes the debt obligation for—in the event that the borrower defaults. Sometimes, a guaranteed loan is guaranteed by a government agency, which will purchase the debt from the lending financial institution and take on responsibility for the loan.
investopedia
1
46.61
12.8
0
13.93
16.3
9.36
17.25
15.51
Guaranteed Minimum Accumulation Benefit (GMAB)
The guaranteed minimum accumulation benefit (GMAB) is a variable annuity rider that guarantees a minimum value to the annuitant after the accumulation period or another set period, usually somewhere close to 10 years. The GMAB rider protects the value of the annuity from market fluctuations. This optional benefit is available for an additional cost, which varies per insurance provider.
investopedia
1
26.1
14.5
17.5
14.79
15
10.5
16.166667
16.69
Guaranteed Minimum Income Benefit (GMIB)
A guaranteed minimum income benefit (GMIB) is an optional rider that annuitants can purchase for their retirement annuities. When the annuity has been annuitized, this specific option guarantees that the annuitant will receive a minimum value of payments on a regular basis, regardless of other circumstances.
investopedia
1
22.75
15.8
0
16.08
17.5
11.64
19.5
22.24
Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefit (GMWB)
A guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefit (GMWB) is a type of rider or contract attached to some annuity insurance policies. It guarantees the policyholder a steady stream of annual withdrawals via the return of all premiums paid into the contract, regardless of an investment's performance, through a series of annual withdrawals. A GMWB is unlike a guaranteed minimum income benefit (GMIB), where the latter offers a payout of specified minimum periodic income after a waiting period, regardless of the variable annuity's investment performance.
investopedia
1
18.39
17.5
19.6
15.03
19
11.54
22
19.7
Guaranteed Payments to Partners
Guaranteed payments to partners are payments meant to compensate a partner for services rendered or use of capital. Essentially, they are the equivalent of a salary for partners or limited liability company (LLC) members. These kinds of payments eliminate the risk of a partner making personal contributions of time or property and then never getting compensated if the partnership does not prove to be successful.
investopedia
1
40.99
12.9
15.9
13.4
14.7
10.06
15.833333
16.68
Guaranteed Renewable Policy
A guaranteed renewable policy is an insurance policy feature that ensures that an insurer is obligated to continue coverage as long as premiums are paid on the policy. While re-insurability is guaranteed, premiums can rise based on the filing of a claim, injury, or other factors that could increase the risk of future claims.
investopedia
1
35.61
15
0
11.78
15.9
11.41
20.5
18.21
Guaranteed Stock
Guaranteed stock has two meanings, one applied to dividends and one applied to inventory. The more common reference is to an infrequently used form of common or preferred stock, in which the dividends are guaranteed by one or more other companies. Guaranteed stock issues, like guaranteed bonds, have most often used by railroads and public utilities. The guaranteed dividend can increase the stock's price.
investopedia
1
55.24
9.5
13.4
12.76
11.9
8.62
11.25
11.4
Guarantor
A guarantor is a financial term describing an individual who promises to pay a borrower's debt in the event that the borrower defaults on their loan obligation. Guarantors pledge their own assets as collateral against the loans. On rare occasions, individuals act as their own guarantors, by pledging their own assets against the loan. The term "guarantor" is often interchanged with the term "surety."
investopedia
1
55.24
9.5
13.8
12.18
11.5
9.86
11.5
13.9
Guerrilla Marketing
Guerrilla marketing is a marketing tactic in which a company uses surprise and/or unconventional interactions in order to promote a product or service. Guerrilla marketing is different than traditional marketing in that it often relies on personal interaction, has a smaller budget, and focuses on smaller groups of promoters that are responsible for getting the word out in a particular location rather than through widespread media campaigns.
investopedia
1
12.09
19.9
0
15.62
21.9
10.72
25.75
20.56
Guidance
Guidance is an informal report a public company issues to shareholders detailing the earnings it expects to achieve in the upcoming fiscal quarter or year ahead. Guidance, also referred to as forward earnings guidance or a forward-looking statement, typically includes internal projections for revenue, earnings, and capital spending and is subject to revision in the interim.
investopedia
1
26.14
16.6
0
15.55
19.6
10.95
20
17.63
Guideline Premium and Corridor Test (GPT)
The guideline premium and corridor test (GPT) is used to determine whether an insurance product can be taxed as insurance rather than as an investment. GPT limits the amount of premiums that can be paid into an insurance policy relative to the policy’s death benefit.
investopedia
1
48.64
12.1
0
11.49
13.4
10.37
17.25
17.89
Guilder Share (New York Share)
A Guilder share was an ownership stake in a Dutch company that could be traded in the United States because it represented shares that had been canceled in Dutch stock markets.
investopedia
1
56.93
13
0
10.46
16.3
9.76
18.5
14.98
Guinea Franc (GNF)
GNF is the currency abbreviation for the Guinea franc, the national currency of the Republic of Guinea, a country in West Africa.
investopedia
1
49.15
11.9
0
10.39
12.7
10.47
16
16.07
Gunnar Myrdal
Gunnar Myrdal was a Swedish Keynesian economist and sociologist who won the 1974 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics alongside conservative, Austrian economist Friedrich Hayek—despite both men being on opposite ends of the political spectrum. Myrdal was best known for his work in international development and trade economics, as well as for his activism promoting racial equality and opposing American foreign policy.
investopedia
1
23.6
17.5
0
17.07
21.6
12.66
24.25
22.04
Guns-and-Butter Curve
The guns-and-butter curve is the classic economic example of the production possibility curve, which demonstrates the idea of opportunity cost. In a theoretical economy with only two goods, a choice must be made between how much of each good to produce. As an economy produces more guns (military spending) it must reduce its production of butter (food), and vice versa.
investopedia
1
42.72
12.3
14.1
11.6
13
9.1
13.666667
13.33
Gunslinger
Gunslinger is a slang term for an aggressive portfolio manager. A gunslinger often uses high-risk investment techniques to hopefully produce big returns. Rather than considering the long-term value of the company underlying a stock, gunslingers look at a stock's momentum and seek to benefit from short-term trades based on sharp movements in a stock's price.
investopedia
1
52.9
10.4
13.6
13.92
13.9
10.29
12.5
13.14
Guppy Multiple Moving Average (GMMA)
The Guppy Multiple Moving Average (GMMA) is a technical indicator that aims to anticipate a potential breakout in the price of an asset. The term gets its name from Daryl Guppy, an Australian financial columnist and book author who developed the concept in his book, "Trading Tactics."
investopedia
1
47.62
12.5
0
11.78
14.5
11.52
15.75
16.21
Gwei
Gwei is a denomination of the cryptocurrency ether (ETH), which is used on the Ethereum network. Ethereum is a blockchain platform, like Bitcoin, where users transact with each other to buy and sell goods and services without a middle man or interference from a third party.
investopedia
1
65.05
9.9
0
11.15
13.6
9.24
13
11.81
H-Shares
H-shares are shares of Chinese mainland companies that are listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange or other foreign exchange. Although H-shares are regulated by Chinese law, they are denominated in Hong Kong dollars and are traded in the same way as other equities on the Hong Kong exchange. H-shares are available for more than 230 Chinese companies giving investors access to most of the major economic sectors, such as financials, industrials, and utilities.
investopedia
1
54.86
11.7
13
12.89
15.8
9.98
15.333333
14.2
Haas School of Business
The Haas School of Business is the business school of the University of California at Berkeley. Founded in 1898 and located in Berkeley, California, the school offers both undergraduate and graduate programs.
investopedia
1
38.32
11.9
0
13.8
12.6
9.86
11
12.65
Habendum Clause
A habendum clause is a section of a contract that deals with property rights, interests, and other aspects of ownership given to one of the parties to a deal. Consisting of basic legal language, it is usually included in property-related documents.
investopedia
1
42.21
12.5
0
11.31
12.7
11.59
14.25
16
Hacktivism
Hacktivism is a social or political activist act that is carried out by breaking into and wreaking havoc on a secure computer system. Hacktivism is usually directed at corporate or government targets. The people or groups that carry out hacktivism are referred to as hacktivists.
investopedia
1
47.79
10.3
11.2
12.17
10.8
10.7
8.5
10.44
Haggle
To haggle is when two parties involved in a transaction such as the purchase of a good and service negotiate the price until both parties can mutually agree on a fair price. The process of haggling involves two parties making sequential offers and counteroffers to each other until a price is agreed upon. The individual trying to buy the good and service is trying to pay the least amount possible, while the seller's primary objective is to maximize the selling price. Haggling also may go by the names bargaining, quibbling, dickering, or informal negotiating.
investopedia
1
47.62
12.5
13.8
11.44
13.9
9.34
15.25
14.93
Half Stock
A half stock is a security sold with a par value that is 50% of what is considered to be the standard price. The par value refers to the face value of a bond, or in some cases, a stock. Half stock can be either common stock or preferred stock and, other than the reduced par value, acts as a regular share of stock.
investopedia
1
75.24
8.1
8.8
4.82
7.8
7.65
11.666667
10.4
Half-Year Convention For Depreciation
The half-year convention for depreciation is the depreciation schedule that treats all property acquired during the year as being acquired exactly in the middle of the year. This means that only half of the full-year depreciation is allowed in the first year, while the remaining balance is deducted in the final year of the depreciation schedule, or the year that the property is sold. The half-year convention for depreciation applies to both modified accelerated cost recovery systems and straight-line depreciation schedules.
investopedia
1
27.15
16.2
16.3
14.51
18.2
8.48
18.833333
15.24
Halloween Massacre
The Halloween Massacre refers to the Canadian Government's 2006 decision to tax all income trusts domiciled in Canada. On Halloween, Oct. 31, 2006, Canada’s minister of finance, Jim Flaherty, announced that all income trusts would be taxed in a similar manner as corporations at a rate of over 30% on taxable income, causing unitholders’ values to decrease dramatically virtually overnight.
investopedia
1
32.57
16.2
0
14.52
19.8
13.02
20
18.67
Halloween Strategy
The Halloween strategy, Halloween effect, or Halloween indicator, is a market-timing strategy based on the hypothesis that stocks perform better between Oct. 31 (Halloween) and May 1 than they do between the beginning of May through the end of October. The strategy posits that it is prudent to buy stocks in November, hold them through the winter months, then sell in April, while investing in other asset classes from May through October. Some who subscribe to this tactic say not to invest at all during the summer months.
investopedia
1
50.2
13.5
14.1
11.44
16.8
8.86
18.333333
13.54
Halo Effect
The halo effect is a term for a consumer's favoritism toward a line of products due to positive experiences with other products by this maker. The halo effect is correlated to brand strength, brand loyalty, and contributes to brand equity.
investopedia
1
51.18
11.1
0
11.02
12.1
10.16
13
14
Hamada Equation
The Hamada equation is a fundamental analysis method of analyzing a firm's cost of capital as it uses additional financial leverage, and how that relates to the overall riskiness of the firm. The measure is used to summarize the effects this type of leverage has on a firm's cost of capital—over and above the cost of capital as if the firm had no debt.
investopedia
1
47.46
14.6
0
9.12
15.9
9.91
21
17.18
Hammer Candlestick
A hammer is a price pattern in candlestick charting that occurs when a security trades significantly lower than its opening, but rallies within the period to close near opening price. This pattern forms a hammer-shaped candlestick, in which the lower shadow is at least twice the size of the real body. The body of the candlestick represents the difference between the open and closing prices, while the shadow shows the high and low prices for the period.
investopedia
1
53.85
12.1
13.6
11.09
14.7
8.4
16.166667
12.36
Hammer Clause
A hammer clause is an insurance policy clause that allows an insurer to compel the insured to settle a claim. A hammer clause is also known as a blackmail clause, settlement cap provision, or consent to settlement provision. This clause gets its name from the power given to the insurer to force the insured to settle, much as how a hammer is used against a nail.
investopedia
1
66.07
9.5
12.5
8.53
11
7.84
13.666667
11.22
Hammering
Hammering is rapid and concentrated selling of stock shares in the wake of an unexpected event that is perceived as extremely damaging to the company's short-term performance. The effect of hammering is a steep drop in the price of the stock.
investopedia
1
59.13
10.1
0
10.73
12
9.66
14.25
15.03
Hamptons Effect
The Hamptons Effect refers to a dip in trading that occurs just before the Labor Day weekend that is followed by increased trading volume as traders and investors return from the long weekend. The term references the idea that many of the large-scale traders on Wall Street spend the last days of summer in the Hamptons, a traditional summer destination for the New York City elite.
investopedia
1
54.9
13.8
0
10.92
17.8
9.82
18
15.02
Handelsgesetzbuch (HGB)
Handelsgesetzbuch (HGB) is a law that governs the primary commercial code for companies in Germany. The law includes a regulation related to the preparation of financial statements and establishes accounting guidelines and best practices. HGB is similar to generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), which is followed in the United States.
investopedia
1
37.6
12.2
15.9
16.06
15
12.04
13.333333
17.88
Handle
A handle is the whole number part of a price quote, that is, the portion of the quote to the left of the decimal point. For example, if the price quote for the stock is $56.25, the handle is $56, eliminating the value of cents in the quote. Handles are often used in futures and equities markets, where they are also known as the big figure, or "big fig".
investopedia
1
73.51
8.7
9.7
5.87
9.7
7.52
12.833333
11.52
Hands-Off Investor
A hands-off investor prefers to set an investment portfolio and make only minor changes for a long period of time. Many hands-off investors use index funds or target-date funds, which make only small and slow changes to their holdings and therefore do not require much monitoring.
investopedia
1
56.59
11.1
0
11.9
14.1
10.27
14
12.68
Hang Seng Index (HSI)
The Hang Seng Index or HSI is a market capitalization-weighted index of the largest companies that trade on the Hong Kong Exchange.
investopedia
1
57.61
10.7
0
11.2
13.1
11.19
13
12.44
Hanging Man Candlestick
A hanging man candlestick occurs during an uptrend and warns that prices may start falling. The candle is composed of a small real body, a long lower shadow, and little or no upper shadow. The hanging man shows that selling interest is starting to increase. In order for the pattern to be valid, the candle following the hanging man must see the price of the asset decline.
investopedia
1
71.34
7.5
8.1
8.41
8.5
8.48
8.125
7.32
Happiness Economics
Happiness economics is the formal academic study of the relationship between individual satisfaction and economic issues such as employment and wealth. Happiness economics attempts to use econometric analysis to discover what factors increase and decrease human well-being and quality of life.
investopedia
1
16.83
16
0
18.51
18.2
11.2
17.75
17.96
Hara-Kiri Swap
A hara-kiri swap is an interest rate or cross-currency swap devoid of profit potential for the originator. The term became popular in the 1980s when Japanese banks and brokers were offerings very attractive rates in order to obtain business from mostly foreign companies.
investopedia
1
49.65
11.7
0
13.63
14.8
12.05
15.25
16.97
Harami Cross
A harami cross is a Japanese candlestick pattern that consists of a large candlestick that moves in the direction of the trend, followed by a small doji candlestick. The doji is completely contained within the prior candlestick’s body. The harami cross pattern suggests that the previous trend may be about to reverse. The pattern can be either bullish or bearish. The bullish pattern signals a possible price reversal to the upside, while the bearish pattern signals a possible price reversal to the downside.
investopedia
1
54.63
9.8
12
11.83
11.2
8.45
10.7
9.05
Hard Asset
A hard asset refers to a tangible asset or resource with fundamental value. Examples of hard assets include a fleet of trucks for the delivery of consumer goods, land, real estate, and commodities. Businesses purchase hard assets to help improve production, increase revenues, and act as a buffer against soft asset losses. However, sometimes the value of hard assets decreases in tandem with the value of soft assets.
investopedia
1
54.22
9.9
11.7
11.48
11.4
9.82
10.75
11.51
Hard Call Protection
Hard call protection, or absolute call protection, is a provision in a callable bond whereby the issuer cannot exercise the call and redeem the bond before the specified date, usually three to five years from the date of issuance.
investopedia
1
40.35
17.3
0
11.27
21.2
10.83
26.5
21.75
Hard Currency
Hard currency refers to money that is issued by a nation that is seen as politically and economically stable. Hard currencies are widely accepted around the world as a form of payment for goods and services and may be preferred over the domestic currency.
investopedia
1
49.15
11.9
0
10.39
12.3
9.03
14.5
14.25
Hard Dollars
Hard dollars are cash fees or payments made by an investor or customer to a brokerage firm in return for their services. Hard dollar payments are usually set amounts that are known before a customer begins dealing with a broker.
investopedia
1
68.1
8.7
0
9.86
10.8
9.37
11
10
Hard Fork (Blockchain)
A hard fork (or hardfork), as it relates to blockchain technology, is a radical change to a network's protocol that makes previously invalid blocks and transactions valid, or vice-versa. A hard fork requires all nodes or users to upgrade to the latest version of the protocol software.
investopedia
1
64.54
10.1
0
11.9
14.7
12.19
15.25
13.66
Hard Inquiry
A hard inquiry is a type of credit information request that includes your full credit report and deducts points from your credit score. These types of inquiries are used by lenders and creditors in deciding whether to grant you credit or a loan, and they will usually cause a short-lived decrease in your credit score. A “hard pull” is another name for a hard inquiry.
investopedia
1
55.41
13.6
0
10.17
17
9.62
18.75
15.46
Hard Landing
A hard landing refers to a marked economic slowdown or downturn following a period of rapid growth. The term "hard landing" comes from aviation, where it refers to the kind of high-speed landing that – while not an actual crash – is a source of stress as well as potential damage and injury. The metaphor is used for high-flying economies that run into a sudden, sharp check on their growth, such as a monetary policy intervention meant to curb inflation. Economies that experience a hard landing often slip into a stagnant period or even recession.
investopedia
1
55.78
11.4
13.8
10.1
13
9.3
15.375
14.15
Hard Loan
A hard loan is a foreign loan that must be paid in hard currency, which is the currency of a nation that has political stability and a reputation for economic strength. For example, a country classified as a developing country may borrow via a hard loan denominated in U.S. dollars.
investopedia
1
46.1
13
0
9.35
13
9.93
17.5
17.2
Hard Money
Hard money originally referred to the physical properties of metallic money, which, unlike paper currency, is made of hard substances. This is the origin of the colloquial English expression, "cold, hard cash."
investopedia
1
46.78
10.7
0
13.22
12.9
9.86
11
13.9
Hard Money Loan
A hard money loan is a type of loan that is secured by real property. Hard money loans are considered loans of "last resort" or short-term bridge loans. These loans are primarily used in real estate transactions, with the lender generally being individuals or companies and not banks.
investopedia
1
55.24
9.5
11.9
10.21
9.8
9.04
10.333333
12.23
Hard Sell
A hard sell refers to an advertising or sales approach that features especially direct and insistent language. A hard sell is designed to get a consumer to purchase a good or service in the short-term, rather than evaluate his or her options and potentially decide to wait on the purchase. It is considered a high-pressure, aggressive technique that has fallen out of favor according to some sales experts.
investopedia
1
56.89
11
13
11.32
13.4
9.41
14.333333
13.79
Hard Skills
Hard skills are learned abilities acquired and enhanced through practice, repetition, and education. Hard skills are important because they increase employee productivity and efficiency and subsequently improve employee satisfaction. However, hard skills alone don't translate into business success as employees also need to employ other skills, such as soft skills, that contribute to customer satisfaction.
investopedia
1
18.18
17.6
0
19.5
22.7
10.17
13.833333
18.27
Hard Stop
A hard stop is more of a concept than an actual order type. A hard stop presumes a price level that, if reached, will decisively trigger an order to sell an underlying security.
investopedia
1
63.19
8.5
0
7.19
7.5
8.76
10.25
11.45
Hard-To-Borrow List
A hard-to-borrow list is an inventory record used by brokerages to indicate what stocks are difficult to borrow for short sale transactions. A brokerage firm's hard-to-borrow list provides an up-to-date catalog of stocks that cannot easily be borrowed for use as a short sale.
investopedia
1
40.69
13.1
0
12.24
14.5
9.03
16.5
16.07
Hardening
Hardening describes conditions of rising prices and falling volatility in a particular market. Hardening is most commonly applied when referring to the commodities futures market.
investopedia
1
24.95
12.9
0
17.33
14
11.84
10.25
16.2
Hardship Exemption
The term hardship exemption referred to an exemption granted to individuals who weren't able to afford health insurance due to personal and/or financial circumstances. These exemptions were part of a provision in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), which was signed into law in 2010. Individuals were required to have acceptable health care coverage or else pay a fee. Individuals who weren't able to afford coverage could apply for an exemption where no penalty was assessed. The fee for uninsured individuals was eliminated in 2019 with the passing of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA).
investopedia
1
43.12
12.1
14.3
12.01
12.8
9.76
13.6
13.15
Hardship Withdrawal
A hardship withdrawal is an emergency removal of funds from a retirement plan, sought in response to what the IRS terms "an immediate and heavy financial need." This type of special distribution may be allowed without penalty from such plans as a traditional IRA or a 401k, provided the withdrawal meets certain criteria regarding the need for the funds and their amount.
investopedia
1
48.47
14.2
0
11.73
17.6
11.29
21
18.85
Harmless Warrant
A harmless warrant, also known as a wedding warrant, is a provision that requires the holder to surrender the bond back to the issuer if they buy another bond with similar terms from that issuer.
investopedia
1
52.87
14.6
0
9.99
18.2
9.43
21.5
17.43
Harmonic Mean
The harmonic mean is a type of numerical average. It is calculated by dividing the number of observations by the reciprocal of each number in the series. Thus, the harmonic mean is the reciprocal of the arithmetic mean of the reciprocals.
investopedia
1
49.11
9.8
13.6
9.56
8.2
8.55
10.166667
13.28
Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP)
The Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) is a list of the final costs paid by consumers for items in a basket of common goods. It is a composite measure of inflation in the European Union.
investopedia
1
70.13
8
0
7.71
8.6
10.67
11
11.64
Harmonized Sales Tax (HST)
Canada's harmonized sales tax (HST) is a consumption tax paid by local consumers and businesses. As the name implies, it "harmonizes" (combines) the nation's federal goods and services tax and various provincial sales taxes. Five Canadian provinces use the HST.
investopedia
1
57.98
8.5
12.5
12.46
11.5
11.8
8.333333
13.32
Harry Markowitz
Harry Markowitz (1927– ) is a Nobel Prize winning economist who devised the modern portfolio theory (MPT). Markowitz introduced MPT to academic circles in his article, "Portfolio Selection," which appeared in The Journal of Finance in 1952. Markowitz's theories emphasized the importance of portfolios, risk, the correlations between securities, and diversification. His work, in collaboration with Merton H. Miller and William F. Sharpe, changed the way that people invested. These three intellectuals shared the 1990 Nobel Prize in Economics.
investopedia
1
43.29
10
12.5
15.12
12.7
12.69
7.357143
13.67
Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976
The Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 requires large companies to file notifications with the Federal Trade Commission and the anti-trust division of Department of Justice prior to certain mergers and acquisitions or tender offers.
investopedia
1
10.57
20.5
0
18.75
25.4
14.4
27.5
23.14
Harvard Business School
Harvard Business School is an internationally renowned business school located at Harvard University in Boston, Massachusetts. Founded in 1908, it admits roughly 930 students to its MBA program per year and regularly ranks among the top business schools in the world.
investopedia
1
42.21
12.5
0
14.27
14.9
11.97
12.75
13.08
Harvard MBA Indicator
The Harvard MBA Indicator is a contrarian long-term stock market indicator that evaluates the percentage of Harvard Business School MBA graduates that accept "market sensitive" jobs. Market sensitive jobs exist in fields such as investment banking, securities sales and trading, private equity, venture capital, and leveraged buyouts.
investopedia
1
22.24
16
0
17.82
19.5
11.86
17.75
17.06
Harvest Strategy
A harvest strategy is a marketing and business strategy that involves a reduction or a termination of investments in a product, product line, or line of business so that the entities involved can reap—or, harvest—the maximum profits. A harvest strategy is typically employed toward the end of a product's life cycle when it is determined that further investment will no longer boost product revenue.
investopedia
1
30.54
17
0
13.24
19.3
10.16
22
19.05
Hash
A hash is a mathematical function that converts an input of arbitrary length into an encrypted output of a fixed length. Thus regardless of the original amount of data or file size involved, its unique hash will always be the same size. Moreover, hashes cannot be used to "reverse-engineer" the input from the hashed output, since hash functions are "one-way" (like a meat grinder; you can't put the ground beef back into a steak). Still, if you use such a function on the same data, its hash will be identical, so you can validate that the data is the same (i.e., unaltered) if you already know its hash.
investopedia
1
60.99
11.5
11.7
8.42
13.8
8.63
14.5
13.76
Hashed Timelock Contract
A Hashed Timelock Contract (HTLC) is a type of smart contract used in blockchain applications to eliminate counterparty risk by enabling the implementation of time-bound transactions. In practical terms, this means that recipients of a transaction have to acknowledge payment by generating cryptographic proof within a certain timeframe. Otherwise, the transaction does not take place.
investopedia
1
35.98
12.8
15
16.77
16.1
11.43
13.5
15.32
Hashgraph Consensus Mechanism
Hashgraph is ab decentralized consensus mechanism using the blockchain concepts of "gossip," "gossip about gossip" and virtual voting. It purports to solve problems with the standard consensus-building algorithms, like proof of work (PoW), in terms of better speed and higher efficiency as it does not send any votes or details over the network, which often leads to congestion and delays.
investopedia
1
41.03
15
0
14.17
19.6
12.23
19
16.67
Hawala
Hawala is an informal method of transferring money without any physical money actually moving. It is described as a "money transfer without money movement." Another definition is simply "trust."
investopedia
1
36.25
10.6
11.2
13.02
10.3
10.11
5.833333
10.78
Hawk
An inflation hawk, also known in monetary jargon as a hawk, is a policymaker or advisor who is predominantly concerned with the potential impact of interest rates as they relate to fiscal policy. Hawks are seen as willing to allow interest rates to rise in order to keep inflation under control.
investopedia
1
37.13
14.4
0
10.45
13.9
9.86
17.75
16.47
Hawthorne Effect
The Hawthorne Effect is the inclination of people who are the subjects of an experimental study to change or improve the behavior being evaluated only because it is being studied and not because of changes in the experiment parameters or stimulus.
investopedia
1
21.4
20.5
0
12.9
22.9
10.29
27.5
23.23
Hazard Insurance
Hazard insurance is coverage that protects a property owner against damage caused by fires, severe storms, hail/sleet, or other natural events. As long as the specific weather event is covered within the policy, the property owner will receive compensation to cover the cost of any damage incurred. Typically, the property owner will be required to pay for a year's worth of premiums at the time of purchasing the policy, but this practice will depend on the exact details of the policy.
investopedia
1
44.07
13.8
15.5
11.44
15.8
10.04
18.166667
15.74
Hazardous Activity
Hazardous activity refers to a recreational pursuit that life or disability insurance policy considers high-risk. The activities are not typically covered by insurance as they carry an increased potential for injury or loss. Hazardous activities include scuba diving, BASE jumping, hang gliding, race car driving, flying a plane, horseback riding, bungee jumping, parasailing, and off-roading. Further, some employment falls into this category such as some construction work, logging, aircraft pilots, offshore oil rig worker, offshore fisherman, structural steelworkers, and underground mining.
investopedia
1
25.49
14.7
15.6
18.16
18.7
12.25
14.875
15.53