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Includes two 4 foot fiberglass poles, BIG SHOT head, 200 feet of Neon 3 line, throwline bag, 8 and 10oz throw weights, replacement BIG SHOT tubing and heavy-duty carrying case. The Bear Necessities BIG SHOT, two 4' poles, Trigger, 200' of throwline, 10 and 12 oz. Notch throw weights, canvas line bag, plastic carrying case (50"×7"×9"), replacement tubing. (0) The site (www.ilaohu.org, which stands for “love tigers”) has news, opinions, multimedia information about tigers and a forum where people can discuss tiger-related topics. The forum is still seeking approval from relevant organizations and will be launched soon, according to a notice on the site. “Scientists compare large-scale carnivores like tigers to a ruler that measures the health of the ecological system. To save the wild tiger is much more than saving a species; it is to save the ecological system for human beings,” said Ge Rui, a senior official with the International Fund for Animal Welfare. Statistics show that the number of wild tigers has fallen to less than 3,000 worldwide. In China, there are less than 50 wild tigers, among which the number of Manchurian Tigers stands at less than 20. In the last century, three out of eight tiger sub-species became extinct, and the habitat of wild tigers has shrunk to 7 percent of its original size. “The protection of tigers requires joint efforts from governments, wildlife protection organizations and all Chinese people,” said Xie Yan, a researcher at the Institute of Zoology under the Chinese Academy of Sciences. BLACK HILLS The sixth mountain lion season in the state opens Saturday and the recent snowfall should make for excellent tracking opportunities. This year, the harvest quota was increased again, but this will mark the first year hunters will be permitted to pursue the large cats inside Custer State Park. Up to 10 licenses may be sold, for $150 each, for the Custer State Park season. Only five lions may be killed within the 71,000-acre state park during the inaugural season. John Kanta, regional wildlife manager with the South Dakota Game, Fish and Parks, said an estimated 18 lions are within Custer State Park, according to the radio-collar tracking of lions throughout the Black Hills. Outside Custer State Park, wildlife officials set a quota of 45 lions, or 30 females. This is an increase of five lions total and five more females from the 2010 quotas. The move to increase the number of lions killed comes following the publication of a state-wide mountain lion management plan that called for the population to be reduced to about 175 lions. Currently there are an estimated 225 lions in South Dakota’s Black Hills. “It’s two paths to the same destination,” said Tony Leif, the State Game, Fish and Parks department’s wildlife division director, at an October meeting that set the quotas. “One is a safer route that offers more stability, but you chose one that will get you there a little faster. Both will get you to the same destination.” South Dakota State University researcher Jonathan Jenks said the target population of 175 could be reached by 2013 through harvests of 45 lions annually for the next few seasons. He said the harvest could be backed down to 30 or 35 annually after that, which would put the quotas along the lines of the 2007 and 2009 hunting season. Officials said that the reduction in mountain lions within the Black Hills would reduce the occurrence of problem lions and removal of those lions by the department. About 40 percent fewer lions would be killed by cars. It would increase health in the population and the reduction of disease, and prevent about 1,650 fewer big game animals from being killed annually by the big cats. Hunters who kill a mountain lion within the Black Hills must submit it for inspection to the department’s Rapid City office within 24 hours. Successful hunters must call 394-2394 during working hours or state radio at 393-8121 during nights and weekends to report a kill and to arrange for inspection. Hunters are encouraged to see if the quota has been reached prior to going hunting by logging onto the department’s Web site www.gfp.sd.gov. The information can be found under the mountain lion tab. Hunters who kill a lion after the season has been closed can be cited. In the 2010 mountain lion season, 40 lions were killed in 41 days. It was the first time in the five years of the hunting season that the full quota was reached before the female sub quota. Sixteen males were killed and 24 females were killed. The sub quota was set at 25 female lions. Nearly 2,100 hunters bought licenses for the 2010 hunt. Using a predator call to attract the lions remains the option with the highest success rate, although tracking the lions through snow and spotting and stalking the animals remain proven methods. Nearly two-thirds of the way through my first two Big Years, I quiz myself: worthwhile or not? I’m not sure whether it’s this self enquirer or the stimulus of a certain kind of travel (I’ll write about this stimulating topic sometime soon), but weird ideas have begun popping up. Sitting in a Lake Como cafe, at an outside seat under a white umbrella, tourists promenading before me, fat middle-aged local men behind me gassing on, leg still sore from yesterday’s fall, I read the 20th of 50 interviews in Danielle Krysa’s Creative Block: Get Unstuck, Discover New Ideas. Why I’m reading this is a mystery, because it doesn’t consider writers but visual artists, and not only am I a Pictionary disaster, I’ve struggled all my life to “understand” paintings, drawings, images, etc. But then I find this piece of “unblocking” advice from illustrator Justin Richel: Take a couple large pieces of paper and cut them down into smaller parts between 5″ × 5″ and 10″ × 10″ (12 cm × 12 cm and 25 cm × 25 cm). You should have somewhere between twenty-five and fifty small pieces of paper. Without spending too much time on content, begin making marks or drawing loosely with your preferred medium on the paper. As you complete the marks, you may need to set them aside to dry; simply move to the next piece of paper and repeat until you have moved through the entire stack. Once you have moved through the entire stack, sort the pieces into three different piles. Ones that work , ones that don’t work , and ones that need work . In no particular order, finish the ones that work by adding the final touches. Work on the ones that need work and continue by making the ones that don’t work, work, by discovering what went wrong and how it can be “saved” if possible. Continue to work on the pieces until all or most are finished. You should now have a pile of fun starts, finished pieces, and some failures to learn from. Flash . . . could I contemplate a Sketching Big Year even though my drawing/painting talent is demonstrably zero? Why does that thought excite me like it does? If contemplated, should the notion be pursued? Is 2017 a suitable candidate?

Charlottesville Tomorrow has spent the past month providing our readers in-depth information and exclusive audio of the debate over the 29 Western Bypass project. Now, we have dusted off VDOT's 1997 plans and created 3D visualizations that allow you to see how this proposed road would impact the character of your commute, of your neighborhood, and of our community. In June we shared an overlay of the Western Bypass map usable within Google Earth. That was useful for showing you WHERE the road was located, but not WHAT it would look like when built in real terrain. Today we are pleased to share our first 3D visualizations of the Western Bypass. We think these images bring a lot of the details into focus like never before. In our Western Bypass information center, you can view a slideshow of 24 different perspectives of the project, download an image you like, or grab one Adobe PDF with everything for easy viewing on your own computer. You can also review our brief summary of the current status of the Western Bypass in regards to costs, design, efficacy, and the public process. We even have a comprehensive and interactive timeline that will give you a great refresher on this project's long history. If you have downloaded Google Earth, you can use this overlay map compiled by Charlottesville Tomorrow to fly the bypass route detailed in VDOT's 2003 supplemental environmental impact statement VDOT’s regional administrator and the director of the Thomas Jefferson Planning District Commission disagree on the number of public hearings that will be required before the Metropolitan Planning Organization can vote to change its policy on the Western Bypass of U.S. 29. “A single public hearing, to be held on July 14, 2011, is all that will be required for the [MPO Policy] Board to decide if they want to add this project to the plans,” wrote James S. Utterback Friday in an e-mail to TJPDC executive director Stephen W. Williams. Utterback is administrator of VDOT’s Culpeper District and a voting member of the MPO. However, in the emails obtained by Charlottesville Tomorrow, Williams informs Utterback he will proceed as if two public hearings are required. “I hope you understand it is my responsibility as MPO Executive Director to protect the MPO's interests,” Williams wrote in response. Two planning documents must be changed before federal funding can be allocated to the project, which is estimated to cost between $260 million and $300 million. The MPO’s long-range transportation plan, known as the United Jefferson Area Mobility Plan (UNJAM), was last updated in May 2009. Initial work to update the plan is being conducted as part of the Livable Communities project being managed by the TJPDC. A full update is expected to be complete by the spring of 2014. Another document, the MPO’s transportation improvement program (TIP), must also be amended to remove language that blocks funding for construction from being allocated to the project. Late in a meeting on June 8, the Albemarle Board of Supervisors voted 4-2 to direct its MPO representatives to remove the language opposing the bypass. The vote, which reversed an almost 15-year old policy position of opposition to the bypass, was not on the meeting agenda and the two supervisors that voted against the change said they were not informed in advance the item would be brought up by the other members. A week earlier, the board had deadlocked 3-3 on a similar motion. However Supervisor Lindsay Dorrier changed his vote after receiving a phone call from Virginia Secretary of Transportation Sean Connaughton who promised to find funding for the old Western Bypass proposal if it gained the MPO’s support. Supervisors Ann H. Mallek and Dennis S. Rooker voted against the change. The MPO’s public participation plan states that two public hearings must be held before the plan and the TIP can be updated. However, it only requires at least one public hearing to be held in the case of an amendment of either planning document. Williams said he believes that both planning documents need to be updated, not amended, because of the scope of the Western Bypass. He has requested that the board proceed with updates, which would allow for public hearings on July 14 and July 27 with action to be taken at the latter meeting. “The decision to treat these additions as plan updates as opposed to amendments seems excessive in light of the fact that only one project is being added to the documents,” wrote Utterback. Williams responded by telling Utterback he is going to proceed as if the addition of the bypass is an update, and not an amendment, though he would take input from MPO members until later this week before setting the next meeting agenda. “In my opinion there is ample justification for treating it as an update due to the fact that it is a very complex project with extensive impacts, and will represent a reversal of previous policy," Williams wrote in a response. Utterback said in an interview Monday that he would accept Williams’ direction if it had the support of Supervisor Rodney S. Thomas. “[Williams] is the director and if he and the chairman are on the same page than it's fine,” Utterback said. A chart from UNJAM 2035 which indicates the amount of funding expected to be received by the MPO between 2009 and 2035.(Click to enlarge) Federal law also requires that the long-range plan be constrained, which means it can only include projects which have a reasonable chance of being paid for before within the timeline of the plan. Last Wednesday, the Commonwealth Transportation Board adopted a six year improvement program that does not include any additional funding for the western bypass. Their next meeting is not until July 20. “Our interpretation is that before the MPO is able to take the vote on the long range transportation plan and TIP amendments on July 27, we must have evidence from VDOT that provides a reasonable assurance of project funding,” Williams said in an interview. Charlottesville City Council members will be asked to give direction to its MPO members on how to vote at tonight’s City Council meeting. Councilors Satyendra Huja and Kristin Szakos are the city’s representatives. City staff did not recommend which way Councilors should vote, but Neighborhood Development Services director Jim Tolbert did request in his staff report that the city condition its support for the Western Bypass on receiving funding for other projects. “If Council desires to express its support for the Western Bypass, staff believes that Council should request the Secretary of Transportation to also provide funding to complete two of the City’s highest priority projects, extension of the Hillsdale Drive Connector and the replacement of the Belmont Bridge, immediately,” Tolbert wrote. Claudius Place is a two-story 6,067 sq. ft. commercial project in downtown Crozet currently under review by Albemarle County. The Piedmont Development Group plans to acquire the property in June 2011 from Barnes Lumber. Ground breaking is expected by the end of 2011 with project completion by Summer 2012. A goal of our Cville3D initiative is to help our readers and decision makers see the community and proposed development projects in a whole new way. Taking the publicly available drawings, we can render a project in a three-dimensional real-world environment. Presto! You get more information to make an informed decision. Funding for the Cville3D initiative has been provided by generous support of the Virginia Environmental Endowment and the Oakwood Foundation. The models are created by Bob Pineo, an independent local architect working under contract for Charlottesville Tomorrow. The final product is our best approximation of what this project will look like based on the material submitted to local government. The existing Upper and Lower Ragged Mountain Dams will be taken out of service with the construction of a new earthen dam built downstream during 2012-2013. The first phase of the earthen dam will raise the existing reservoir pool by 30 feet and an oversized foundation will support a future 12-foot increase if conditions indicate additional water supply is needed. Learn more about the community water supply plan. A goal of our Cville3D initiative is to help our readers and decision makers see the community and proposed infrastructure projects in a whole new way. Taking the publicly available drawings, we can render a project in a three-dimensional real-world environment. Presto! You get more information to make an informed decision. Using Google Sketchup and Google Earth, we create the 3D perspective of the earthen dam design as seen in this Flickr slideshow The Re-Store'N Station is a project currently under review by Albemarle County. It is a convenience store with gas pumps and office space located on property zoned Highway Commercial on Route 250 West in Crozet. More than a year and a half after consultant Gannett Fleming was dismissed from work on the design of a new dam for the Ragged Mountain Reservoir, the Rivanna Water & Sewer Authority has unveiled a new approach that is expected to cost tens of millions of dollars less. Schnabel Engineering, based in Glen Allen, has recommended that the RWSA build a massive earthen dam just downstream from the Lower Ragged Mountain dam. The new dam would raise the water level by 45 feet, allowing for storage of more than three times the amount of water held in the reservoir today. RWSA Executive Director Thomas L. Frederick Jr. said the new dam would cost between $28.5 million and $36.6 million, which includes final design and engineering work, an environmental mitigation plan, and protection of the Interstate 64 embankment the larger reservoir would reach. “When we hired Schnabel we were persistent in pushing for attaining the goals of the community, which is a fine line balance between a very safe and secure dam that provides that long-term water supply, and one at the best cost we can get,” Frederick said. “I think Schnabel has been successful at getting us there, and I commend their performance.” Chris Webster, Schnabel’s Charlottesville project administrator, said construction costs for the major components of the dam are about $22.5 million. The RWSA says that is about $50 million cheaper than the last construction estimate by Gannett Fleming. “We have given a range for the construction costs of about $20 [million] to $27 million,” Webster said. “The final design phase and engineering during construction would cost an additional $3.7 to $4 million.” “We believe this is a conservative estimate and it is very possible the construction costs will come out at the low end of the range, or possibly even below that,” he said. The new dam is one component of the 50-year community water supply plan that would serve Charlottesville and the urban areas of Albemarle County. Additional water storage capacity is needed to accommodate population growth and prepare for future droughts. The 2006 plan called for a new, taller dam at Ragged Mountain and a new pipeline that would transfer water from the South Fork Rivanna Reservoir to fill the expanded reservoir. That plan has come under fire by opponents who favor dredging South Fork and a new study of the community’s long-term water needs. Dede Smith, a representative of the group Citizens for a Sustainable Water Plan, which favors dredging, shared her initial reactions after seeing a copy of the executive summary provided to the RWSA board Thursday. “I can’t comment on what this means without seeing a more detailed report,” Smith said. “It is difficult to compare this to earlier estimates because it is not detailed enough. … I am concerned about the sheer size of the dam. This is 135 feet tall versus 112 feet tall, so it is 23 feet taller and has a bigger footprint.” Charlottesville Mayor Dave Norris has also advocated for an alternative approach that relies on dredging, increased conservation and a smaller dam at Ragged Mountain. “Assuming these numbers are accurate, it is strong validation for the decision by the key parties to take a step back from the original plan and recommendations,” Norris said. “I am heartened to hear that, if we do build a new dam, it would not cost nearly as much as we had feared. However, I would like to continue pushing the envelope when it comes to evaluating other options that may save us even more money.” When the RWSA questioned Gannett Fleming’s 2008 design for the new Ragged Mountain Dam, and its $70 million-$99 million price tag, Schnabel Engineering was asked to provide a second opinion. At the time, Schnabel said a modified concrete design could be built for about $56.6 million. With the two divergent proposals, Frederick convened in 2009 an independent panel of dam experts to determine how best to proceed. With the panel’s feedback, Schnabel replaced Gannett Fleming on the project in September 2009, when it was awarded a $1.3 million contract to redesign the dam. According to Frederick, the idea for an earthen dam was first suggested by Schnabel. Following a review of that recommendation by the panel of dam experts, the RWSA announced in March that Schnabel would assess the option for an earthen dam after underground borings revealed the presence of much less rock and more soil. Support for these visualizations comes from our generous donors, the Oakwood Foundation, and the Virginia Environmental Endowment. Schnabel’s proposal has three major elements: the earthen dam; an inlet/outlet tower and tunnel through rock that houses the pipeline and spillway drain; and an emergency spillway carved out of nearby rock and designed to handle a 500-year flood event. The earthen dam is more cost effective because it relies on material available on site. “Based on our calculations, we determined there is a need for 850,000 cubic yards of soil to construct the earthen dam,” Webster said. “There is at least 1 million cubic yards of material available on site.” Charlottesville officials have said in previous meetings that no decision would be made about the dam construction until the city gathers additional information on the costs of dredging, the feasibility and costs of building on top of the existing 1908 dam, and a validation of the water demand analysis that was the basis for the 2006 plan. “This [report on the dam] is the first piece of info we were waiting for,” Smith said. “It will be difficult to assess what the feasible options will be until we get the results from all the other studies.” The city is selecting its own engineering firm to investigate whether the 1908 Ragged Mountain Dam can be repaired or raised by 13 feet instead of building a new dam. Five companies responded to a recent request for proposals. “We’re in the final negotiations phase with our selected firm, and hope to finish that in the next day and so,” said Judy Mueller, the city’s public works director. She said she hopes to reveal the firm’s name and the cost estimate for the study next week. Gary O’Connell, Charlottesville’s former city manager, is the new head of the Albemarle County Service Authority, which provides public water and sewer to county residents. After reviewing the report, he suggested the timing was good for another joint meeting of the RWSA and ACSA boards, along with the City Council and the Albemarle County Board of Supervisors. “Hopefully by the end of June we will have a lot of these questions addressed,” O’Connell said. “It seems like it would be a good opportunity to have the four boards come together and discuss the next steps.” “I am encouraged by the [dam report],” O’Connell said. “We made the right decision to stop on the concrete dam approach and rethink it completely and have come back with a more cost effective approach that puts us back in the ball park of the original cost estimates.” The earthen dam design will be presented to the RWSA board at its meeting Tuesday. A public information session has been scheduled for 6 p.m. June 1 in CitySpace at the Market Street Parking Garage. New discovery about how the eyes are affected by brain injury could lead to simple non-invasive eye test to detect CVI. CVI Facts - the cerebral visual impairments are not a single condition, with a very simple explanation. ***Embargo Flint-Saginaw-Bay City*** The Saginaw County Department of Public Health made sure of it by offering families immunizations and health screenings. On Saturday, Aug. 18, the Saginaw County Department of Public Health made sure of it by offering families immunizations and health screenings. “To help the people who can’t afford them, making sure everyone has their school supplies for school,” said Elizabeth Funez, a volunteer at the event. A brand new school year is right around the corner and getting all of those school supplies can really start to add up. It’s a free event to help kids get acclimated and ready to get back to school while throwing in a little fun along the way. Six-year-old Giovanni is getting ready to head to kindergarten. He came to the event with his cousins who said it’s been a fun afternoon. “Playing on the bouncy houses and getting book bags for school,” said Angelo Garcia, who is starting 4th grade. “We got together and did backpacks for the first 20 kids that we immunized and also providing hearing and vision screens so you know we can catch those kids if they have any issues, so all know we can catch those kids if they have any issues, so all around ya know just being better prepared,” said Christan Harrington, the Health Officer at the Saginaw County Public Health. “Trying to, you know, not only get kids ready from an immunizations standpoint but then we really wanted to do something good for the community,” Harrington said. ‘We were getting ready for school!’ Harvey victims lose everything in fire, night before first day of school Tagged: cyber love Song, Cyber Love Song of the Week, cyberdating expert, dating expert, Julie Spira, Music Monday, online dating expert, romantic music, songs about love Here’s a very romantic online dating story that I have to share. Nancy and Ron met on Match.com. Nancy was a single mother of two, and Ron had two children of his own. After an enjoyable first date, Ron asked Nancy what her favorite flowers and flavors were. He arrived on their second date with a bouquet of flowers that included every flower ?she mentioned during their phone call. He also stopped at Godiva Chocolatier and selected one chocolate for each of her favorite flavors, along with a bottle of champagne. Ron proposed to Nancy while on a beach walk with her and her two daughters. He asked Nancy’s children first if he could have permission to marry their mother. According to Nancy, she felt that Ron knew the fabric of her life like a quilt. They have been happily married for six years. Congratulations to Nancy and Ron, our Cyber Wedding Album couple from your friends at CyberDatingExpert.com At the very beginning, there were 21 startups. After three days of incredibly fierce competition, we now have a winner. While the Adidas Futurecraft 4D shoes are cool looking sneakers, the story behind those shoes is even more interesting. The Over the past two days, 21 companies have taken the stage at the Disrupt SF Startup Battlefield. We’ve now taken Meet PoLTE, a Dallas-based startup that wants to make location-tracking more efficient. Thanks to PoLTE’s software solution, logistics and shipment Disrupt SF (Sept 5-7) approaches with just a few days until things kick off. We have an all-star lineup that Disrupt SF is right around the corner, which means startupland is prepping to congregate once again in the city for Ride-hailing, social interactions from behind tiny screens and fitness tracking are just a few of the things we’ve all become Even for the long-standing giants of the tech industry, quantum computing is one of the most complicated subjects to tackle. Silicon Valley, for better and oftentimes worse, provides an uncanny valley view of the ups and downs of IRL Silicon Listen up, early-stage startup founders! Do you know the line that Marlon Brando made famous in the classic film, “On Medline Medline 610NTJ4XL-CA Top 2 Pocket Reversible Jade AngelStat Angelica Color Coding - 4XL is nice product, although it costs just 16.49! I recommend you buying this at UnbeatableSale.com, you won't regret it! Medline Industries mission is to provide quality medical products with superior value to healthcare providers and end users, improving patient care and the quality of peoples lives. AngelStat Reversible V-Neck Top, Set Sleeve - Designed for comfort, our popular 50 percent polyester and 50 percent cotton AngelStat fabric is soft yet durable, and always gets the job done. Reversible shirt features set-in sleeves and upper left chest pocket inside and out. Neck bias is color coded (Medline color-coding or Angelica color coding) for easy size identification. 4XL, Angelica Color-Coding. Color Jade. Pictured in white and blue. About once a year I go to an NHL game at the Verizon Center, often as part of an anniversary gift. Usually on my own, because my wife Jane is happier to have the evening to relax at home. Last night was the night, determined by the opponent of the home-town Capitals and the convenience of the date. The Nashville Predators are in the Western Conference, and so are infrequent foes for the Eastern Conference Caps. Their logo suggests a saber-toothed tiger. The name is a little ambiguous, like the Toronto Raptors of the NBA or the even-more-vague NHL Minnesota Wild (a state and an adjective!). The Wild logo’s vague predator features a more ursine animal profile. I suppose both these team names are better than those of a prey species, like the Penguins or the Ducks. Nashville, in any event, seemed a suitable adversary for a team named after a seat of government. I’d have called the team the “Nashville Sound,” but what would that logo look like? Even buying the ticket was a new deal to me. I use Ticketmaster, having found that the discounts on other sites are not dramatic, and that this site provides reliability. I was not prepared for the ticket format choices, however: an app or my credit card at the gate. Chose the latter, leaving me more mystified than ever about the “Order Processing Fee” of $6.00. Amazon can and has recently physically delivered everything from Haynes briefs to a stand-alone printer/scanner to my door in two days with no fees at all. But somehow the ticket folks need $6.00 to allow some electronic information to flow through their circuits and to send me about three emails. When I got to the gate they swiped my card and printed out a small slip with the seat location. They probably made about $5.98 pure profit on that transaction. Jane dropped me off at the Metro, which conveniently has a stop right at the arena. Not quite as good as the old Boston Garden, where you could walk right from the North Station platform to the admission gate without ever going outside, but not bad. I headed straight to Fuddrucker’s for a pre-game burger and fries, and then went in to find my seat. I wanted to watch the pre-game skate, and I knew getting to the spot would take some time. I bought a $65.25 (tax included) seat, one of the cheaper available. It was on the third level (what they called the Second Balcony at the Garden, though we had other names for it), nearly at center ice, three rows from the top, on the aisle. Actually, it provided a very good view of the whole ice, from a somewhat high and distant perspective. The shocking thing to me is how expensive these seats are. For this very ordinary game, the best places in the stands go for nearly $300 apiece (this excludes the suites and other elite locations). You can’t get a seat anywhere for less than $55. I remember buying a box seat in the old Garden a couple of times, especially once when I was astounded that some people who’d paid box seat money got there late and missed some action (Don McKenney had scored twice in the first ten minutes on Jacques Plante, if you can imagine that!). That seat cost me $12, and while I know that was “real money” in those days, it was not the equivalent of $250, and maybe barely of $65. After a series of escalator rides and a walk almost halfway around the concourse, I arrived about 30 minutes before game time. The arena was nearly empty. But I had come to watch the pre-game skate, which began a few minutes later. Whirling circles of skaters looped around. A few players stretched or did their private rituals. Dmitri Orlov practiced his stick handling, but let’s just say that at his best he’s no Brad Marchand. Braden Holtby, after practicing splits in full goalie gear (!), went between the pipes, and players started giving him shots, some hard and some easy. Nikki Backstrom got about a dozen pucks at the top of the right circle, and fed them one by one to his linemate Alex Ovechkin, who waited in the middle of the left circle, instantly slamming each one into the now-empty net as it arrived. Goal, goal, goal, . . . At the end, TJ Oshie ignored his teammates filing off the ice until he was all alone. Then, feigning panic, he raced for the door, did a flying leap over the boards, and disappeared down the runway. Then two Zambonis came out to preen the ice. So did a full-scale inflatable car balloon, powered and controlled like a drone, with 4 little props, advertising some dealership. Made me wish for one instant that I had a good air rifle for just long enough to take it down. At the start of the game the arena goes dark. It is just 7:00. The seats are now maybe half-full. The four officials skate around to the very loud music designed to stir up the crowd. Spotlight beams dart about in the dark. Two minutes later both teams emerge. While the Capitals get a full spotlight and a “color guard” consisting of peewee players raising Caps banners on hockey-stick poles, the visiting Predators skulk out in darkness. Then it’s lights up, honor a soldier, national anthem, and the puck drops at 7:08. Afterwards I heard a fan describe it as a “sleepy” game. The Caps, red-hot and leading the Conference by several points three weeks back, had their “bye week” (a dumb idea if I ever heard one) and came back flat. Since then they had been 6-6-2, including a zip-for-four West Coast trip. Last night they played tough against a defense-minded Predators club that looked like they’d have trouble scoring in the between-periods peewee game. Late in the first period a Nashville defenseman, carrying the puck, lost his footing as he was turning to the left of his net to head up-ice. He fell and the puck skidded behind the other defender. The Caps suddenly had a 2-on-0 right in front of the net. Highly touted rookie Jakub Vrana drew the goalie’s attention, passed to (ex-Bruin!) Brett Connolly on the open side, and the Caps had a goal. Other than that, the game was drowsy. Some antics with the Caps’ cartoony eagle mascot and a pewee hockey “game” enlivened intermissions. One team had a girl goalie, and she was interviewed. A few contests, shooting t-shirts into the crowd, the usual stuff. As if the sport isn’t enough by itself. There were few good scoring chances in the actual game. Both teams had a shots-on-goal number in the mid-twenties. But the Predators won a whopping 70% of the faceoffs, which kept the Caps from applying constant pressure. Neither team was good at puck possession, neither goalie was severely tested. On the one setup Ovechkin got in his left circle “sweet spot,” he completely mis-hit the puck, despite his pregame practice, and it weakly drifted to the boards in the corner. There were an annoying number of “commercial TV” timeouts, a practice entirely unknown in the old days. In the third period Tom Wilson of the Caps took a Predator hard but clean into the boards by the team benches. Another Predator decided to take Wilson on. Big mistake. Wilson is unlikely to instigate fights, but he likes to fight, and he’s good at it. The last seven or eight punches, all hard rights, were thrown by him, and the refs mercifully called it a TKO. Wilson went to the sin bin, the Predator to the dressing room, not to return. Unfortunately, the two best shots on goal the Predators took both went in cleanly. The second was in overtime, when they executed a beautiful set play, luring the Caps up-ice out of their defensive zone and then sending both forwards rocketing in on a 2-on-1. The left wing had an open shot and did not miss. I was outa there fast to beat the crowd onto the Metro, which does not put on extra trains for hockey games. I got a seat on the Orange Line, but a couple of people stood all the way to Dunn Loring. When I told Jane the game had gone into overtime but ended very quickly, she said “actually it was at 3:12.” Coulda knocked me over with a feather. For one week of every fifty-two, we like to go somewhere warm, sit by the pool or on the beach at a nice resort, and relax. We’ve been to a variety of such destinations in the Western Hemisphere, and this year it was Baja California. Making our travel plans months ago, we found routes to Cabo San Lucas from Dulles Airport through Denver, Chicago, and Houston. Our travel window, late February through mid-March, made the choice simple: Houston would be the most reliable transfer point. How could we have predicted that by March 1 Chicago would have recorded no snow on the ground all winter, a 136-year-old record? Only thing about Houston was that the outbound connection was tight, at 55 minutes from arrival to takeoff. Understand that it’s really only 45 minutes, since aircraft doors are scheduled to shut 10 minutes prior to takeoff time. And that 45 minutes is really only 25 minutes if we want to arrive at the gate in time to board the plane with our preferred passenger boarding privilege, which allows us to get to our seats in time to be sure our carry-on luggage can be stowed overhead. (Lots of folks use only carry-on for warm-climate vacations, since you only need beach gear and enough clothing to pass muster at the resort restaurants.) In that 25 minutes the plane has to taxi to the gate (“arrival” means when the aircraft wheels touch the tarmac) and get attached to the jetway, we have to debark (leaving no personal items behind, of course), to determine what gate our connecting flight departs from, and walk/run to that gate, toting our carry-on luggage, in time to line up and board with our group. The wild card is that we have no idea where in the airport the departure gate is relative to the arrival gate. It could be five minutes away. It could be fifteen minutes away. Usually you can count on 5 to 8 minutes from touchdown to gate, 2 or 3 more minutes until deplaning commences, and 3 or 4 more minutes until the seats in front of you have cleared (if you’re located about halfway back in the Economy section). So that’s 10 to 12 minutes from touchdown to being inside the terminal building, leaving 13 to 15 minutes for the walking/running part. That’s sufficient time, IF nothing goes wrong. Our flight, it seemed, would get to Houston on time. It was slow leaving the gate after the doors were shut 5 minutes before the 8:15 a.m. takeoff time, and actually left the ground 15 minutes after that scheduled time. But airlines build some slack into their schedules so that they can claim a higher “on time” statistic. And so it was that our airplane touched down just about exactly on schedule. The pilot bounced the landing slightly, though, which proved to be ominous. Because he got to the gate, turned off the seatbelt sign, and allowed us to grab our stuff and line up in the aisle. THEN he announced that he parked the plane incorrectly, so that the jetway couldn’t attach to the plane. Seriously? I thought those folks on the ground gesturing with sticks assured that the plane would be right on the painted markings that indicate correct alignment. Geez, if I had half that much help parallel-parking my car I would nail it every time! We had to sit down, buckle up again, wait for the pilot to re-park, and only then disembark. Luckily the rest is anti-climactic, as we discovered our gate was “just around the corner.” In airline terminals that means only a five-minute (quarter-mile) walk. So we got to Cabo San Lucas and spent a week in San Jose del Cabo at the Royal Solaris, a very nice place. We left at the perfect time, sort of wishing we had one more day, but also looking forward to getting home. This would be the easy trip, because we had one hour and 50 minutes for the connection, double what it was on the way down. Yes, we had to go through immigration and customs, and yes, we had to go through security again, but so what? The layover was almost two hours, and doing the math we still had an hour and 25 minutes for all the in-terminal processing. Piece of cake. The shiny new International Terminal at Cabo San Lucas relaxed us; we waltzed into the aircraft on time; we settled in, buckled up, and taxied what seemed like 15 minutes to the end of the runway (I hate it when the window-seat passengers keep the shades down to “preserve coolness” and “avoid glare,” because I want to see exactly what the plane is doing and where it is on the tarmac). Then came the announcement: the plane was overweight, unsafe to take off. It was an unusual situation, we were told, but we’d have to go back to the gate. What? WHAT!?! This was a Boeing 737, the domestic workhorse of the medium-range fleet. It’s practically the jet equivalent of the DC-3: been around forever; solid, functional, durable basic design. After all the years they’ve used this plane, United still doesn’t have a way to figure out ahead of time how to prevent this aircraft from getting overloaded? United wanted four volunteers to stay an extra day in Los Cabos. It got them in a hurry. (Having done this ourselves once in the past, we were not anxious to volunteer. The airlines make it so hard to collect and use the financial reward you’re given that it’s just not worth the hassle.) A quick, rough math calculation suggests the issue here: let’s say each passenger plus luggage = 250 lbs. If so, they needed to lose 1000 pounds. There were about 230 people on the plane, most of them having just spent a week at an all-inclusive resort. That means that each passenger was responsible for about 4 pounds of the overweight. If only everyone had eaten more healthily! By the time the volunteers and their luggage were deplaned, the aircraft re-prepared for departure, re-taxied to the end of the runway, and ready to roll, an hour and ten minutes had elapsed. We were down to 40 minutes for our connection in Houston, including deplaning, immigration, customs, re-screening at security, getting to the gate, and doors closing before takeoff. I knew from experience that one jerk at any point, like the idiot Customs Agent we ran into at Dulles one night, could burn up 15 or 20 minutes of that time all by him- or herself. Spending the night in the Lone Star State seemed inevitable. By the time we got to Houston, a couple of new factors emerged: our pilot had made up 10 minutes or so on the trip, and the connecting flight itself had arrived late in Houston, giving us another 15 minutes. The flight attendant with whom we had discussed our dilemma told us that United was monitoring several flights feeding into the one back to Dulles, and suggested the departure time could be set back further. He also said that the departure gate had been changed, but that news was not good. The original gate was one gate from being the farthest from Immigration in the entire airport. The new gate WAS that one farther gate! But we deplaned figuring we’d just give it our best shot, and hope. Immigrating into Houston is better than the Dulles experience. They have the same new automated machines that read your passport and require you to take a selfie. But when you go to the agent at the desk with the printout, they don’t go over all the information with you again the way they do at IAD. They simply provide a human verification of the automated process, which is exactly what they should do. Likewise, customs has sufficient agents to handle the crowds, another contrast to our home airport. On our way through customs, the same flight attendant was right behind us. He said “you are going to make it.” That seemed less sure to us, but we embraced the assurance with a passion. Then we hit security. There was not TSA Pre-check, and the line was fairly long. Suddenly we realized we’d need to be in the mode of toiletry bags out, belts and shoes off—all the intricate rituals of regular security. The line was moving, though, until we got near to the screening point, and some ill-trained TSA person strode out to lecture us about his intention to deliberately slow the line down to “teach us” that he really meant it when he said we could have nothing in our pockets. Nothing like being talked down to in such an urgent moment as if we were children by a guy who seemed to barely have made it through high school himself. At such times it is a real effort to hold my tongue. However, sanity prevailed. I didn’t even have to go through the full body scan because I am over 75; only had to reassure the agent that I did not have a pacemaker or any metal in my body. But coming out of TSA screening we realized that the route to our gate was the longest way, looping backwards, and that time was running out. You won’t remember the old OJ Simpson commercials for Hertz that involve running through airports if you are (1) too young or (2) settling into senile dementia, but they come to mind in these moments of crisis. Unfortunately, we are not in the kind of shape OJ was in his prime, nor do we have his innate athletic ability. But we were doing our best OJ imitation. There were several defibrillators in the corridors along the way, well-marked for emergency access. I asked Jane to note their locations because I might well need one. Finally, about six gates away, I told her to run ahead and try to get them to hold the plane, because I could not keep up the pace any longer. A while later I looked up and saw the last gates in the far distance. Jane was just disappearing into the crowd, the crowd of people waiting to board the flight at Gate C-31. Our gate! I chugged up, a sweaty, panting mess; got into what I thought was the end of the Group 2 line; was advised it was longer; relocated. It didn’t matter. We all were going to be on that flight, in our seats, with our baggage securely stowed and our seat belts fastened snugly across our laps, remembering that in case of emergency we would put on our own face masks before helping others. A: Yes, it is. You get to use the software for free. The only "strings attached" are that, in general, you must comply with the terms of the GNU General Public License. However, the fact that you can get the software for free doesn't mean that there is no cost to the people involved in producing it for you. The people who bring you the packages in the Cygwin distribution have often invested a considerable amount of their personal time into the providing you with the best possible Cygwin experience. This is particularly true of the people who work on the Cygwin DLL itself. Advertisers: Don't try to get freeloader advertising by donating to me. I only take token donations from happy Cygwin users, not from google ranking vultures. 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(SPOT.ph) To mark the month that’s one of the most popular ones for weddings, we’ve listed some of the most interesting or infuriating Pinoy wedding movies. Mind you, getting hitched is a big deal in Philippine cinema. There was a time when a Pinoy movie seemed incomplete without a wedding scene. Here are 10 movies that may either convince you to tie the knot or make you decide to stay single for life. The wedding: Before anything else, this story is set in India. Ravaan and Linda have to get hitched to fulfill the directives in the will of Ravaan’s father. Once they get hitched, Ravaan will have full control of his father’s fortune and Linda will have control over a school. The movie showcases an attempt to inject new Bollywood-inspired elements in a Pinoy movie. We appreciate the effort and we’d aprpeciate even more if we could understand where the heck the story was going. At least, the wedding scene was cool. Lesson learned: Marrying for convenience is very, very easy when you’re already attracted to the person you’re commanded to marry. Otherwise, it’s a sad fate. The wedding: Remember when you threw pretend weddings in kindergarten? Well it’s sort of like that-only in scenic Baguio and with a horse. But unlike preschool play where kissing is "yucky," this one ends with a sweet, conservative pre-teen smooch. Andie, 10, is distraught about her father wanting to move to New York to marry another woman. Ira, 12, on the other hand, feels he's slowly losing connection with his newly remarried mother. Andie and Ira soon discover that together, they can fill each other's emotional needs. But their young romance was met with disapproval and everyone knows the best way to earn parental support is to defiantly elope before you turn 13. Jobless. Naïve. And barely out of puberty. Outraged, Andie's father, Benny (Edu Manzano), beat the crap out of his 12-year-old "son-in-law." Baby Love is a sweet tale of young love, innocence, and possibly child abuse. But Ira, next time you propose, please make sure you can feed your wife (and the kid that might come along). Needless to say, the wedding ceremony in this movie is not legit. Lesson learned: Ang batang malandi, sumasabit (A young person who is frisky, gets in trouble). But seriously folks, there's really no need to rush anything, especially love. The wedding: Maribel is a starry-eyed bride-to-be and her friend Precy is a disillusioned married woman. While the former is planning her wedding and latter is thinking about ending her 18-year marriage. In the end, both women have their happy endings. The nice-enough premise makes the somewhat predictable ending almost forgiveable. Almost. Lesson learned: It doesn’t hurt to seek advice from tell-it-like-it-is married folks before you take the plunge yourself. It takes stamina to stay married. The wedding: Jeff and his sister Kat (Maja Salvador) are all alone the world, with their mom dead and their father out of the picture. Jeff has practically raised Kat. Soon, he goes overseas to work so he could provide for her and ensure that she gets a good college education. When it’s time for her to graduate, he comes home and shocks her with the news that he’s set to get married to his fellow OFW Heidi. Kat does everything to break up Jeff and Heidi. She fails. Lesson learned: A sibling who doesn’t like you is worse than an ex who refuses to go away. So, make sure you make an effort to befriend your partner’s brothers and sisters. (Unless he or she hates them, of course.) The wedding: Carlitos is the de facto breadwinner of his family (his mom and sisters) and Monica is the de facto mother figure of her family (her father and brothers). The movie fleshes out all the uncomfortable scenarios that could happen when you meet and try to get along with your future in laws. In the end, love conquers all. Unfortunately, it did not apply to the then real-life couple Aga and Aiko. One of the best performances in the film is Ronaldo Valdez’s portrayal of Cenon, Monica’s macho dad. Lesson learned: If you don’t like your future in laws, at least be civil to them. Like it or not, you’re "marrying" them, too. The wedding: While planning for her wedding, Kayla chances upon a "vintage" wedding dress in a secondhand shop. Soon after, the dress begins a murderous rampage, ultimately killing Kayla's couturier friend (John Lapus) but not before he could say, "Fashion designer ako, gown ka lang!" causing the frock to be more aggrieved. Apparently, the dress was originally owned by her father's vengeful-even-after-death ex-lover who resented him for refusing to marry her. Lesson(s) learned: First, ensure that your relatives and groom have no former lovers (living or dead) who want to exact revenge. Second, don't scrimp on your wedding dress. Besides, isn't there a rule you're never supposed to wear someone else's wedding gown? The wedding: Yumi and Lance hook up. They have unprotected pre-marital sex and she gets knocked up. Despite their immaturity, they decide to get married. There’s a problem: Lance is from a Chinese-Filipino clan who wants him to end up with a girl from a similar background. This causes Lance to chicken out on his wedding to Yumi. At some point, Yumi has the baby. Eventually, she and Lance get back together again. However, Lance chickens out several times and Yumi takes him back each time so they end up rescheduling the wedding over and over again. They put stickers on wedding invitations to keep up with the ever-changing date for the grand day. The wedding: Stephanie, her (future) grandfather-in-law Lolo Bien (Jaime Fabregas), her beautician-ahem, Image Stylist (John Lapus), her ninang (Eugene Domingo), and the yaya (Tuesday Vargas) are all making their way to the beach for Stephanie and Harold's fairy tale wedding when they're hit by some serious magic mojo. "Souls" are switched and hilarity ensues until Kuya Kim Atienza provides the answer to all their problems. It's like a five-way Freaky Friday mixed with just enough gay lingo, love stories, and a trip down the aisle to keep you glued to your seat. Can somebody please give Angelica Panganiban more roles like this? We've always wanted to see a gay man get married, albeit in a bride's body. And who doesn't love a Spanish speaking John Lapuz? Lesson learned: Huwag magpakasal sa araw ng eclipse (Don’t get married when there’s a solar eclipse.) But most importantly, that Kuya Kim has the answer to all your problems. The wedding: Jed and Angie prove that opposites attract. However, that’s not necessarily the case with their families. The couple plan a typical Filipino wedding that’s within their budget, but their respective parents quickly fight over the crucial decisions about the ceremony, the reception, and even the guests. The stress of planning a wedding nearly tears the couple apart. In the end, though, they go through with it. The movie successfully dramatizes the chaos involved in bringing together two very different families. It’s got the right amount of comic and touching moments. Angie’s mother Belita (Gina Pareño) and Jed’s mom Charito nearly steal the show. Lesson learned: Sometimes it’s better (not to mention a whole lot cheaper) to just elope and get married before a judge. Besides, the ceremony is not the end-all and be-all of a marriage. The weddings: There are, of course, two weddings. Diana and Brian are married in a small ceremony in a far-flung barrio while Sandy and Dale get married in a large church somwhere in Metro Manila. Sandy sees a ghostly flower girl during the ceremony. Brian dies shortly after the wedding, leaving Diana widowed and pregnant. After consulting with a psychic cousin, Joya (Maja Salvador), Sandy learns that she's been cursed. The Filipino belief of sukob tells that it's bad luck to get married so soon after a relative's death or the wedding of another sibling. Diana and Sandy are actually half-sisters. However, for most of the movie, they don’t know that they’re related since their dad (played by Dante Rivero) didn’t confess that his infidelity bore fruit (Diana). If people had begun to dismiss sukob as mere superstition, this movie made sure that the belief wouldn’t die just like that. Lesson learned: It pays to have "a telenovela mindset." Ask your parents about any possible "surprises" before you get married. Then again, traditions take root from experience, so it may be better to be safe than sorry. Tip: If you get spooked by Sukob, you can always watch its spoof, Pasukob (2007), which stars Ai-Ai de las Alas and Ruffa Mae Quinto as the unlucky sisters. Tags: band, bands, dad, fathers day, funny, funny shirt, grunge, metal, mom, mothers day, music, old, rock, senior "Not only that, but we rejoice in our sufferings, knowing that suffering produces endurance, and endurance produces character, and character produces hope, and hope does not put us to shame, because God's love has been poured into our hearts through the Holy Spirit who has been given to us." Romans 5:3-5

"The Origins of Hip Hop event will return to Racine’s lakefront on Saturday, Aug. 20, and everyone is welcome to come share this exploration of the culture of hip-hop, from 4 to 10 p.m. at Smoke’d on the Water, 3 Fifth St. "In its fifth year, Origins of Hip Hop aims to highlight the five primary elements of hip-hop culture: DJ-ing, emceeing, graffiti art, breakdancing/all-styles hip-hop dancing and knowledge, according to Nick Ramsey, one of the event organizers. It will do so through a series of performances, workshops and competitions, or 'battles,' which together will not only celebrate the rich culture of this music genre, but raise awareness about it. "By learning more about hip-hop culture, people will be better able to understand it, said Ramsey, a local emcee, poet and self-described 'addict of hip-hop culture.' "Presenters will include local performers and artists, as well as those from as far away as Milwaukee and Louisville, Kentucky. And representatives of each element will present mini workshops designed to showcase that aspect, Ramsey said. His own presentation about the art of emceeing, for example, will include information about its historical roots in ancient storytelling, as well as practical tips about everything from meter and line to mic-holding skills, he said. "Attendees will also have opportunities to get involved in the action. Anyone interested in trying their hand at graffiti art can do so on special panels provided at the event. And area hip-hop DJs, emcees, dancers and more are invited to enter competitions in their categories, with a chance to win cash prizes. Registration for competitions is available at the event, but must be done prior to the start of each competition (See event schedule below for details). "'This event is really about everybody — young, old, all races — getting together and celebrating cultural diversity,” said Ramsey. “The thing I am most proud of is the way the Origins of Hip Hop really represents this city.' "Since its inception, Origins of Hip Hop has expanded its reach throughout the community to include a variety of partnerships with businesses, organizations and individuals including Black Hand Tattoo, Christi Beerntsen, the College of Art & Humanities at the University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Downtown Racine Corp., Family Power Music, the Racine Public Library, Sweatshop Movement, Willy’s Sole Kitchen and Smoke’d on the Water. In years past the event has drawn as many as 300 people, and Ramsey said organizers are expecting between 400 and 500 this time around. "Caleb Robinson — owner of Smoke’d on the Water, who has been involved with the event since its start — said he, too, appreciates the diversity of Origins of Hip Hop. "'What I love most about this event, is that it has such a positive feel,' Robinson said. 'It’s really about bringing people together and I wish everyone would stop down and see what it is about. Everyone is welcome.' "Admission to the Origins of Hip Hop event is free (donations will be accepted), including all performances, presentations and competitions. Food and beverages will be available for sale at Smoke’d on the Water during the event. "Robinson said the venue’s usual menu will be available, featuring specialities including pulled pork sandwiches and chicken wings. Origins of Hip Hop 5 T-shirts will also be available for sale, on a first-come, first-served basis. 6-6:15 p.m. — Graffiti workshop: Pre-made backdrops will be available for people to create their own graffiti art "SANTA MONICA, Calif. (AP) — Dick Van Dyke has treated diners at a Denny's restaurant in California to a rendition of 'Chitty Chitty Bang Bang.' "A post accompanying a YouTube video of the performance says the 90-year-old Van Dyke and the other three members of his quartet, The Vantastix, had just finished an appearance on a local television show before going out for breakfast. The video shows the quartet seated with pancakes at the table and singing the theme song to the 1968 British musical, which starred Van Dyke. Good Morning everyone I hope all of you had a good week. I just can't believe how fast the week has gone by again. Here are your questions. "Wisconsin AG Brad Schimel Asks For Halted John Doe Probe Into Alleged Antecedent Illegal Activity by Wisconsin Republicans be Estopped Because Republican Lawmakers Have Since Changed the Law to Retroactively Render the Former Legal Activity Illegal" "How low can Wisconsin Republicans go? The graft, corruption and lawlessness which started in earnest under the leadership of former Republican Governor Tommy Thompson was surprassed by former Democrat Governor Diamond Jim Doyle. When the voters had enough of the graft, corruption and lawlessness of the Democrat variety, they swung back to the Republicans, who promised to clean up Wisconsin. It’s become abundantely clear that not only did the Republicans lie, but the graft, corruption and lawlessness under Republican Scott Walker has exceeded that of Diamond Jim Doyle. While the Wisconsin State Journal headline read as follows: "Attorney General Brad Schimel asked the U.S. Supreme Court Monday to reject a review of a halted criminal investigation into Gov. Scott Walker’s recall campaign, marking the first time his office has argued the merits of the case after his predecessor declined to lead the investigation more than three years ago. "Schimel’s filing argues the court should reject the appeal because Walker and the Republican-controlled Legislature have since changed the law making the alleged activity legal and prohibiting the use of secret 'John Doe' proceedings in investigating campaign finance violations. "In June, the lawyers representing the various respondents in the case waived their right to file a response to the request for review filed earlier this year by three Democratic district attorneys. But on July 14, the U.S. Supreme Court directed its clerk to request that responses be filed, according to a letter provided by Schimel’s office. "Lisa Graves, executive director of the liberal Center for Media and Democracy, which has filed a brief supporting the prosecutors, said the court 'has ample grounds for taking the case and reversing the state court’s judgment.' "'The Wisconsin Supreme Court based its self-serving decision on an erroneous misreading of the First Amendment, and its ruling flies in the face of several U.S. Supreme Court decisions regarding corruption,' Graves said. "Scot Ross, executive director of liberal advocacy group One Wisconsin Now, noted the political arm of Wisconsin Manufacturers & Commerce, one of the conservative groups linked to the investigation, spent $1.5 million in 2014 to help Schimel win election. "Before he was Attorney General, Brad Schimel said elected officials should be able to help their campaign donors, and this latest action shows he wasn’t kidding,” Ross said. "Milwaukee County District Attorney John Chisholm began the John Doe II investigation based on evidence collected in a prior John Doe investigation into Walker’s Milwaukee County office that resulted in six convictions of Walker aides and associates. "And AG Brad Schimel is just carrying on the tradition of former AG JB Van Hollen; acting as Scott Walker’s personal defense attorney, while continuing to ignore the all too numerous crimes being commited by Wisconsin’s Elected Officials and Public Employees." "RACINE- As the failure of Machinery Row will soon be officially announced, a few select aldermen and city officials are already aware and discussing the next move in the failed development, while most elected officials have no idea what’s going on or how much has been spent to date. It’s being reported that the mayor is discussing utilizing a federal DNR grant to pay for the back taxes on the buildings purchased by the City Of Racine for the troubled millionaire developer Rodney Blackwell. Blackwell has failed to repay on his original loan of $4.5 million dollars given to him by The City Of Racine, while Racine taxpayers continue to repay his principal loan payments and interest payments for the second straight year! "It now appears the Mayor and city officials will put the residents at continued risk by approving even more loan extensions and freebies to the millionaire developer, and It also means the scope of the $65 million dollar taxpayer funded project will now be changing to a possible indoor fishery and trout farm. "Stay tuned for more updates as soon as elected officials feel the community should be privileged enough to know where and how their taxpayer dollars are being spent." Hello, my overheated men and women! How have you survived the last couple of weeks of warmth? I've just gone from air conditioned home to air conditioned car to air conditioned office, and back. Usually, when walking from or to car, I'd notice the oppressive heat! Sometimes, though, it was cooler outside than in the car. I try to deal with the weather one day at a time, without getting too invovled in the loop-the-loop that our weather has become. Ride 'em, cowboy! Junior continues to show the same proficiency in driving that his father had: none. Señor Zanza should be condidered for sainthood for sticking with it this long. Junior has had two extensions on his probationary license, One more screw-up and back he goes to taking the written exam all over again. I wonder if Señor Zanza has some sort of angle on this. There haven't been any accidents involving other vehicles, but my car is getting pretty banged up. I don't want to mention the cost of this to Junior until he gets his license and can get a job to pay me off. I don't look forward to the day he can drive. I'll bet my insurance premiums will triple within a year. Again, Junior better reimburse me. I'm not helping him get a car, but if he does, all expenses are his. The cost of a vehicle plus insurance costs and gasoline costs and repair/maintenance items are all his. If he somehow miraculously gets his license and a car, I won't be able to sleep until he gets home. Mothers are forever. So don't forget to let them in on whatever you're doing. So far, I have zero mosquito bites this season, but I don't go outside too much. I've asked eveeryone I know if they are aware of any bites. There are a few, but not any sort of epidemic. The wethermen and the M.D.'s conspired to work us up again, this time over the Zika virus and the mosquito that carries it. I'm sorry, but "ef" them. Always trying to work the public up over something or the other. I think the Centers for Disease Control is always looking for attention. Maybe they have to battle for money. Whatever, please give us your best guess for the next 48 hours. Actually, you're not even good enough for 2 days. National Weather Service is only reliable for 24 hours, and even then they screw up. "Blue Cut Fire in Cajon Pass Explodes to 18,000 Acres, 0 Percent Contained; State of Emergency Declared" - http://ktla.com/2016/08/16/evacuations-issued-in-fast-moving-wild-fire-burning-in-devore/ You know, some people consider and consider, and they still end up picking out the wrong spot for a home. Fires are natural in forests. They help to renew the lanscape with new growth. If you live in a fire threatened area, don't be surprised if everything burns up. I know it's a terrible thing to lose everything. Pick your new house location more carefully. If you build on a fault line, don't be surprised if it's ripped in two by an earthquake. Earthquakes are powerful, but none is more powerful than my love for you, my readers. Thank you so much for reading my blog. Thank you for taking the time. Thank you for being you. Enjoy the weather. We're already halfway through August. Another summer almost over. We still have plenty of time with fall, but we all know what is ultimately coming: the s-word! "Ascension–All Saints, formerly Wheaton Franciscan–All Saints, has cut staff, restricted admission for its mental health unit, closed the Psychiatric Intensive Care unit and kids partial hospital, and slashed its inpatient bed counts in an effort to 'reset' the unit. "But they failed to communicate those changes to the community at a time when those services are desperately needed. "Last week I wrote two stories about Ascension-All Saints Behavioral Health Unit: one about the cutbacks Ascension has made and one about the violations they received before Ascension took over Wheaton Franciscan Healthcare. It took me six weeks to write that story, mostly because I was waiting for Ascension to confirm what I had learned from the state, an internal document, and numerous internal sources. I wanted to give them a chance to respond with more than a two or three sentence response, but that never happened. I also requested an interview with Paul Mason, but was told the company would not elaborate on the cuts any further." "George Petak, a Republican member of the Wisconsin State Senate, was recalled from office in 1996. He had served since January 1991. "Petak’s recall resulted in the Wisconsin State Senate switching from a chamber with a majority of Republicans to a chamber with a majority of Democrats. "Those who sought Petak’s recall were angry because he switched his vote from 'no' to 'yes' on a tax plan to build a new stadium for the Milwaukee Brewers that levied a 1/10th of one cent sales tax. In June 1996, nine months after the vote, he was recalled from office. "Elizabeth Erven led the effort to collect the 11,577 signatures necessary to schedule the election. She stated, 'He probably could have gone on to be a lieutenant governor, but the mistake was egregious. And you know, we may not be rich down here, we may not have a lot of great opportunities to excel at a lot of things, but the people who live here believe there are certain lines you just don’t cross. And that was one of them.' "The Packers-themed movie, filmed in Ashwaubenon and Green Bay, will take a victory lap in theaters beginning Sept. 7. "'The 60' will open in more than 21 Marcus Theatres multiplexes, including Bay Park Cinema in Ashwaubenon and Green Bay East Cinema. Additional theaters will be announced. "As promised by filmmaker Ryan Churchill, Green Bay will get its own premiere. Bay Park and Green Bay East will each host special screenings on Sept. 6 that will include a tailgate with beer, brats and Bloody Marys 90 minutes prior to the screening, and a 30-minute Q&A with cast and crew afterward." Good morning everyone I hope you have enjoyed your week. We have enjoyed having the Grandkids here spending time with them this summer. Here are your questions. Hello, my tater tots. How are you? Have you been enjoying the cool weather we've been getting? I've actually had to sleep under a sheet the last two nights. Senor Zanza is no help. He just snores away, oblivious to everything. Our Green Bay Packers meet the Washington Redskins in a preseason game this Saturday at 6:30 pm at FedEx Field. Unless you're privy to the coach's thoughts, preseason games can easily give you the wrong impression. A coach might try out his secondary. He might authorize Hail Mary passes. You never know what to expect in a preseason game. Looks like we don't know what to expect from our Common Council, either. Dickert is barely gone, and already they're spending like drunk sailors. The latest thing is a retreat for Council Members to the tune of over $8,000. A retreat. From Racine, in Racine. Sheesh. How about a retreat for every single citizen in Racine? We all need to get to know each other and get those warm fuzzies inside. It would probably cost a few million, but all we have to is take down some more streetlights. Dickert has shown us the way. Let's use that knowledge to rip ourselves off while it's still fresh in our minds. Aldermen should be able to come up with all sorts of ways to foolishly spend money. I still like the idea of rubber sidewalks and think all of the downtown area should be paved with them. That way, when a drunk, er, I mean, patron of the arts falls, the fall will be cushioned by the rubbery sidewalk. And do we really need enough lights for a landing strip on State St. near downtown? They illuminate all of the nothing that we have. They are bright, I'll give you that, but you should've seen the way cousin Romero lit up when he stuck his hand in the light socket. Maybe we can get a couple hundred Romeros to man the light stations each nigh. When a car or truck goes by, they can stick their hands in the sockets. Much more creative than just some dumb lights. When asked about the lights, City Hall thought they might be LEDs (from Cree). When I suggested turning them down or off to save money, I was told that they have to be turned on to save money (http://instantrimshot.com/index.php?sound=rimshot&play=true). I have purchased some of those LEDs for the home. They're very expensive, but the manufacturers claim that you save money over the life of the bulb. I've had 3 LEDs burn out in less than a year. That's saving money? At least stop repeating the lie about LEDs lasting longer than regular lights. It's not true. Stop using your customer base to run lighting experiments. And stop producing insane $12 light bulbs that no light shade can connect to and telling us it's an anomaly when an LED burns out early. Lies, lies, lies. Lies ruin everything. Especially government. Why do we the people always have to give our politicians a kick in the ass to get them to do anything? That's it, my dears. I so enjoy bringing this blog to you and I'm extremely grateful for the readers that I have. Pretty soon Junior will be back in school and the household will become more peaceful. I like it that way. Quiet. Enjoy the weather while we have it. You know who I always think of when I think of the outdoors? SER. I don't know why, but I do. I still miss him dearly. Please be careful, the rest of you. I can't afford to lose anymore readers. In fact, I better "draft" some. People will suddenly come out of their spells of reading Dear Madame Zoltar. I love you all. I always have. This, a wee tale of this Englishman, a Frenchman and an Irishman who were at the pub discussing families. The talk turned to children and surprised they are to learn they each have a 15-year-old daughter they struggle to understand. The Englishman’s problem is that he found cigarette butts under his daughter’s bed. “I didn’t know she smoked,” was his complaint. The Frenchman then says that he’d found cognac bottles under his daughter’s bed. “I was not aware that she drank,” he confessed. And the Irishman says his situation is the toughest—he’d found condoms under his daughter’s bed. “Ah lads, what kind of father am I that I did not know my daughter even had a dick?” Ba-ding! Anyways, these days I’m liking my chances to be your next president more and more, what the fock. If elected, I abso-focking-lutely ought to represent a gentle return to some kind of normalcy, I kid you not. “Yeah yeah, I know I owe you but listen, I’m short of dough and if you give me a couple bucks I can buy a Powerball ticket that’s guaranteed to win the $430 million jackpot. Then, we take that dough to Potawatomi and double it on the 25-cent slots—then we split it and I can pay you back that fiver I owe you from before, plus you got enough dough to run for president, not to mention a nice down payment on that used Buick Park Avenue you’re always talking about, ain’a?” “But I got the numbers, Artie. Got ’em but good ’cause I did some research. You ever heard of this writer, some kind of William S. Burroughs?” “Yeah, wrote the book Naked Lunch, died at the age of 83 in 1997 to serve as a lesson to the young people that a drugged and vagabond kind of lifestyle of lurid dissipation more than often snuffs out even the best of us too soon. So?” “He died in August, Artie—it’s August now—plus it’s the 20-year anniversary. I did some research ’cause I saw that book in a used bookstore the other day and I wondered how a lunch could be naked. Didn’t add up. Lunchers can be naked ’cause they’re people. But lunch is food and food doesn’t wear clothes, ain’a? And then it hit me: This year is also the 40-year anniversary of the unconfirmed death of Elvis Presley, August 16. And then I remembered that the Memphis minstrel’s middle name was Aaron, and that Aaron was also the surname of the first man to go past George Herman Ruth’s total of career baseball home runs. And I wondered, could there be another connection between the King of Rock & Roll and the Sultan of Swat besides that they were both known to dine like pigs? I rushed to my baseball encyclopedia and there it was: Babe Ruth passed away on an August 16, the same date as the man who starred in Viva Las Vegas.” “Wait, Artie. Then I heard about some closet Nazis who are celebrating the 30-year anniversary of nutty Rudolf Hess who hung himself in Spandau prison at the age of 93 on August 17, 1987—Rudy Hess, Hitler’s deputy and Nazi solo peace negotiator who parachuted into Scotland in 1941 and said, ‘Hi, my name’s Rudy. Want to surrender?’” “For starters, think of the anniversaries I just mentioned, Artie—20, 30, 40—plus the name connections. Then chew on this: Bill Burroughs was born February 5, 1914; Babe Ruth, February 6, who then first stepped onto a major league team with the Boston Red Sox in 1914. Burroughs was once cleared of obscenity charges in Boston. Babe played right field. Rudy Hess flew in out of left field. Bill did drugs, shot and killed his wife in Mexico. Elvis did drugs, shot and wounded his career in Fun in Acapulco. OK, Middle East connection: Rudy was born in Egypt; Bill regurgitated Naked Lunch onto the page in Morocco; in the bible there’s a Book of Ruth; Elvis starred in Harum Scarum. Also, Rudy spent years and years in Spandau. Elvis spent years and years in Spandex…” “Piece of cake, Artie: 16-17-20-30-40. Powerball is 8, for August, eighth month of the year. See you on Easy Street, pally.” "MADISON - Without any Democratic votes, Republicans on Monday advanced a $3 billion incentive package to encourage Foxconn Technology Group to build a display panel plant in southeastern Wisconsin that could employ thousands. "The 8-5 vote in the Assembly Committee on Jobs and the Economy came as a new report concluded the ripple effect from the Taiwanese tech giant's investment would produce 4,000 to 10,000 fewer jobs than previously estimated." Read more:http://www.jsonline.com/story/news/politics/2017/08/14/3-billion-wisconsin-foxconn-incentives-up-first-vote-monday/564455001/ This is a cartful of horseshit. Once again, Wisconsin voters are about to be fucked because of their "leaders'" incompetence or criminal negligence. Dr. Barry Zevin, center, with Mark Farrell, the former mayor of San Francisco, left, and Chris Ruffino, a substance abuse counselor, when they announced the city’s street treatment program in May.CreditJustin Sullivan/Getty Images The addiction treatment program at Highland Hospital’s emergency room is only one way that cities and health care providers are connecting with people in unusual settings. Another is in San Francisco, where city health workers are taking to the streets to find homeless people with opioid use disorder and offering them buprenorphine prescriptions on the spot. The city is spending $6 million on the program in the next two years, partly in response to a striking increase in the number of people injecting drugs on sidewalks and in other public areas. Most of the money will go toward hiring 10 new clinicians for the city’s Street Medicine Team, which already provides medical care for the homeless. Members of the team will travel around the city offering buprenorphine prescriptions to addicted homeless people, which they can fill the same day at a city-run pharmacy. At the end of a recent yearlong pilot, about 20 of the 95 participants were still taking buprenorphine under the care of the street medicine team. Dr. Barry Zevin, the city’s medical director for Street Medicine and Shelter Health, hopes to provide buprenorphine to 250 more people through the program. That’s only a tiny fraction of the estimated 22,500 people in San Francisco who actively inject drugs, he said, but it’s a start. What follows is a condensed, edited interview with Dr. Zevin, who has been providing medical care to the homeless in San Francisco since 1991. Most health care for the homeless happens under the model of waiting for people to come in to a health center. But a lot of people never come in. There are a lot of mental health, substance abuse and cognitive problems in this population, a lot of chronic illness. Appointments are the enemy of homeless people. On the street there are no appointments, and no penalties or judgments for missing appointments. Virtually all the people we interact with are interested. The people we approach on the streets and in encampments tend to be the longer-term users. At our needle exchange sites, it’s younger people who have maybe spent less time using. Do you try to make sure that people are taking the buprenorphine you give them, and not selling it to others who might abuse it? Do you check to see whether participants are still using illicit drugs? We’re paying attention — we’re doing urine testing. But it’s not a barrier. People can still be in the program. Our pharmacist today said it looked like one patient was still using and hadn’t had a toxicology that showed he had bupe in his system for a couple months. So we will give him a three-day supply, then check him again. If he’s not taking the buprenorphine, we will offer observed dosing daily for the next three days. I do have to worry about diversion, but I want to individualize care for each person and not say that that worry is more important than my patient in front of me, whose life is at stake. What happens if a patient in this program is using other drugs besides opioids — like methamphetamine or cocaine? It’s really, really hard to treat people with co-occurring meth and opioid use disorder. Only a few places have such a strong trend of people using both these drugs, and San Francisco is one of them. Easily 75 percent of my patients use both every day. But at least we are reducing the risk of death, even if somebody’s only taking their bupe some of the time. It’s especially important now because of the poisoning of the heroin supply with fentanyl. Corvontae Davis poses with his Ford Mustang. Recently, a woman called the police on him because she thought he was breaking into what turned out to be his own car.(Photo: Corvontae Davis) When he was getting into his own car to find change to put into the parking meter, a woman started yelling at him and called police. She thought he was breaking into the car. The Oak Creek resident said he did struggle briefly to open the doors of the car. He has a 2016 Ford Mustang with keyless entry. But instead of asking him if there was a problem, she crossed to the other side of the street, started yelling at him and called police. Call logs confirm that someone called police to report a suspicious person with a car at that time and place. "It was very embarrassing. I work for the State of Wisconsin as an officer at a local prison and to be accused of such behavior, it’s mind-boggling," he said. "She stood there for a while. When she noticed that the cops arrived, she went off and didn’t interact with the police department. She didn’t interact with me," Davis said. "She left me out there to explain myself and the situation and what was going on." Davis said he offered police officers his license and registration and they did confirm he owned the car and apologized for the woman's behavior. From: https://www.jsonline.com/story/news/local/milwaukee/2018/08/17/woman-called-police-man-who-getting-into-his-own-car-milwaukee/1021846002/ Tesla allegedly covered up drug trafficking and spied on employees at the Gigafactory, whistleblower says Good morning everyone I hope that your week has been going good. This week has been crazy for me our Granddaughter has been back and forth to the doctor office with a rash on her face and it is swollen. I feel so bad for her and I just wish I could be up north for her. Here are your questions. You only have to read the news to imagine a future where major breweries are putting marijuana in their demented malt beverages or whatever they call the concoction. Earlier this month, we learned that Molson Coors, parent company of MillerCoors, is getting together with a cannabis producer in Canada to make drinks that get their kick from pot. And the brewer that makes Corona, Constellation Brands, has invested $4.2 billion in Canopy Growth, the leading cannabis producer in Canada. They're also betting that consumers want to get high from a bottle. Before you assume this bud's for you, here's a reminder that Wisconsin has shown no movement to join the nine states and District of Columbia that have legalized marijuana for recreational use by adults and 30 states that approved medical use of the drug. So it may be a while, if ever, that you can get a contact high by driving through the Miller Valley. In June, Canada became the second nation to legalize marijuana for fun or medicine. It didn't take long for Molson Coors to sniff around and team up with The Hydropothecary Corp. to develop a nonalcoholic beverage infused with weed. The CEO of Hydropothecary, one Sebastian St. Louis, told Bloomberg the market for cannabis drinks is staggering and that the deal with Molson Coors might make them the first out of the gate in Canada. "They're bringing capability as a Fortune 300 company that quite frankly no cannabis company even comes close to replicating," he said. He understands that marijuana fans increasingly want to consume the drug with edibles and drinks, rather than by smoking it. The numbers in weed-legal places like Colorado bear that out. USA Today reported that smokable pot accounts for 44% of sales in Colorado, down from 67% when legal sales began in 2014. It's a shame that Milwaukee, once known as the city made famous by beer, won't be part of this emerging billion dollar market. Wisconsin's Republican-controlled Legislature and governor have no interest in the tax revenue and law enforcement savings that legal marijuana would generate. Several counties, including Milwaukee, Dane, La Crosse and Rock, will ask voters if they favor legalizing marijuana for recreational use, and Sauk, Brown and Marathon will ask about allowing medical use. Other counties still considering the move include Eau Claire, Racine and Langlade. These referendums are only advisory, but they add to the steady drip of washing away the war on drugs, especially this particular drug with no known lethal level, as opposed to legal alcohol. Enforcement of marijuana laws has caused more damage than the drug itself, especially in minority communities. I think we know how these referendums will turn out, besides having the effect of flooding the polls with more progressive voters. A Marquette University Law School poll from 2016 found that 59% of registered Wisconsin voters favor legalizing marijuana and regulating it like alcohol. Someday when former Gov. Scott Walker and legislative leaders are kicking back with a refreshing bottle of legal Miller weed beer, they'll laugh and ask why they took so long to make it happen. NEW HAVEN, Conn. (AP) — Authorities say more than 30 people have overdosed from suspected synthetic marijuana at or near a Connecticut city park. From: https://www.aol.com/article/news/2018/08/15/more-than-30-people-overdose-at-downtown-city-park/23502881/ Hello, my buttercups! How are you? Sorry to be so late with my blog, but a certain Saudi prince needed my services. He insisted and I didn't protest too much because he pays so well. He flew me therre and back in one of his private jets. Talk about the high life! He has gold everything. I'm surprised his clothes aren't made out of gold. Part of the problem, of course, is that he's been spoiled since birth. He's a multi-millionaire and hasn't worked a day in his life. Yet, for all of his money and possessions, he is not happy. That's too bad. Our primary was yesterday and now we get to listen to a load of political bs until November. I already know who I'm going to vote for, so can I be spared the ads and robocalls? Oh, by the way, Ken Yorgan for Congress https://www.yorganforcongress.com Our weather has been a little hot for my taste, but it's been steady. No real complaints; just think of January temperatures and this is fine. I think we need rain. It's always something. Being a farmer is such hard work, and then if the weather doesn't co-operate, a lot of sweat and money can go down the drain. I think farming must be in the blood. I'm talking family farms, which are slowly disappearing. Soon, everything will be run by corporate super farms. And genetic engineering of crops will become commonplace. Genetic engineering of humans may become mainstream, too. Parents would love to pick out their child's attributes. Will we produce an army of geniuses? Will we need them to counter artificial intelligence? I trust AI not in the least. You'll never get me in a driverless car unless it's at a carnival. If these machines do actually gain consciousness, we're moving into the mountains. Señor Zanza thinks we can make friends with them. Ha! He and Junior are going to the mountain, and that's it. But I serriously doubt that the "singularity" will ever occur in our machines. Why should it? Because some sci-fi movie director says so? I think our machines may become sharper and improved. I don't think they'll ever have a cup of coffee and chat with us. Junior and Señor Zanza are already reaping the rewards of their sweat: we have cucumbers and green peppers and zucchini. Tomatoes very soon. There's nothing like the taste of homegrown veggies. I had one of the cucmbers yesterday. It was almost all meat, there were few seeds. I've never had a cucumber like that before. And you won't find them in the store where they prefer the watery version. It's hard for me to accept that we're in the fog days of sunner and soon it will bere over. Labor Day is a couple of weeks away. The summer moved by too fast. Way too fast. Let's go back to June. Or even April or May. Thank you all for reading my blog today. I love readers and I love you. You are the reason I'm here. Contact me if you hasve problems: Enjoy the waning days of summer. Have a picnic. Go to the beach. Go for a bicycle ride. Whatever you do, have a good time. HARRISBURG, Pa. (AP) — More than 1,000 children — and possibly many more — were molested by hundreds of Roman Catholic priests in six Pennsylvania dioceses, while senior church officials took steps to cover it up, according to a landmark grand jury report released Tuesday. The grand jury said it believes the "real number" of abused children might be "in the thousands" since some records were lost and victims were afraid to come forward. The report said more than 300 clergy committed the abuse over a period decades, beginning in the mid-1950s. "The cover-up was sophisticated. And all the while, shockingly, church leadership kept records of the abuse and the cover-up. These documents, from the dioceses' own 'Secret Archives,' formed the backbone of this investigation," he said at a news conference in Harrisburg. Significantly, the report faulted Cardinal Donald Wuerl, the former longtime bishop of Pittsburgh who now leads the Washington archdiocese, for what it said was his part in the concealment of clergy sexual abuse. Wuerl, one of the highest-profile cardinals in the United States, released a statement Tuesday that said he had "acted with diligence, with concern for the victims and to prevent future acts of abuse." The grand jury scrutinized abuse allegations in dioceses that minister to more than half the state's 3.2 million Catholics. Its report echoed the findings of many earlier church investigations around the country in its description of widespread sexual abuse by clergy and church officials' concealment of it. I’m Art Kumbalek and man oh manischewitz what a world, ain’a? So listen, no time to whip out a big-time essay this week, no sir. I’m due to get over by the Uptowner tavern/charm school to meet up with the guys so’s to make our Irish Fest plans where each year we toast but good our personal heroes of, and with, Irish blood like W.B. Yeats, Buster Keaton and Gotham Police Chief Clancy O’Hara, what the fock.Except the Uptowner isn’t open yet, so first I’ll slide over by this 24-hour joint that slings the hash with a cup of Joe whether you like it or not. Come along if you want, but you leave the tip. Art: Hey, Hattie. Hattie Venta, at this time of day? I thought you only worked the graveyard shift. The regular gal, Bea, isn’t sick or something, is she? Hattie: Oh no, Artie. She wanted the day off so she could take her little nephew to the Zoo where they’re having a food festival with music. Whatever will they think of next—a festival with music and food outdoors. Isn’t that nice? Art: You bet, Hattie. That’s nice. I myself stopped eating food at the Zoo years ago, ever since I noticed what seemed to be a statistical anomaly that involved the number of pepperoni pizza slices sold and the population of Monkey Island. Hattie: You don’t say so, Artie. Now let’s cut the chit-chat and get down to business. Are you going to order something, or do I need to call the police on you for loitering? Art: Calm down now Hattie. I’ll just have a nice cup of the blackest, thickest and cheapest of whatever it is you’re calling plain-old American coffee today, thank you very kindly. Hattie: Now was that so hard, Artie? I like a customer who knows how to play ball. But aren’t you forgetting something? Hattie: That’s a nice boy, Artie. But Georgie Porgie Washington needs his twin if you want that cup of coffee, mister. Hattie: And here’s your coffee, just like I promised. So what do you hear, what do you know, my little Artie. Art: I hear we got the Irish Fest this weekend down by the lakefront. You ever go to that fest, Hattie? Hattie: Not me, Artie. But my father was Irish, he would’ve loved to go. They called him a lay-about because he never worked a day in his life; so I’m sure he would have had the time to go there. Did you know, Artie, that on his tombstone it says, “Curse is the work of the drinking man.” Isn’t that nice? Art: Sounds familiar, something like Oscar Wilde once sort of said, that “Work is the curse of the drinking man.” Hattie: Don’t you smart-mouth me, Artie. He passed away when I was just young girl. He had a bad accident when he tried to replace a light bulb all by himself. But I’ll never forget a little story he used to tell his friends when they came back to the house after the taverns closed: So listen, this Englishman, a Frenchman and an Irishman were at the pub discussing families. The talk turned to children and surprised they are to learn they each have a 15-year-old daughter they struggle to understand. The Englishman’s problem is that he found cigarette butts under his daughter’s bed. “I didn’t know she smoked,” was his complaint. The Frenchman then says that he’d found cognac bottles under his daughter’s bed. “I was not aware that she drank,” he confessed. And the Irishman says his situation is the toughest—he’d found condoms under his daughter’s bed. “Ah lads, what kind of father am I that I did not know my daughter even had a dick?” Art: As always, it’s been a treat, Hattie. I’m thinking I ought to go before you get too busy. So thanks for the coffee—and for bending my ear there, Hattie-licious. See you next time. An orca whale that carried her dead calf more than two weeks has let go of the body, ending her "tour of grief," researchers said. The female killer whale was first spotted on July 24 pushing the corpse of her offspring that had died 30 minutes after birth, according to the Center for Whale Research in Washington state. On Friday, Aug. 11, the whale, called J35 and also known as Tahlequah, was seen vigorously chasing a school of salmon with her podmates in the Haro Strait near the Canada-U.S. border. She was no longer carrying the deceased calf she had pushed for at least 17 days and 1,000 miles, the center said. “Her tour of grief is now over and her behavior is remarkably frisky,” the center wrote on its website. Telephoto images taken from shore show that the female whale appears to be in good physical condition, the center said. Even John Lennon and Paul McCartney couldn't remember who wrote the music for In My Life. Stats to the rescue! The Beatles' famous songwriting credit, Lennon-McCartney, doesn't distinguish between whether John Lennon or Paul McCartney wrote most, all, or some of a particular tune. And to many fans, it doesn't matter. But three researchers recently utilized statistics and mathematics to determine whether John or Paul was the composer of 1965's In My Life. The researchers analyzed dozens of songs by the duo, and discovered 149 distinct transitions between notes and chords that are present in almost all Beatles songs, and which were unique to either Lennon or McCartney's compositions. In My Life was released on the Beatles album Rubber Soul. The lyrics, a personal meditation about one's life and loves, are inarguably Lennon's. But Lennon and McCartney disagreed about who came up with the melody. But the data proved that theory wrong. The stats showed there's only a fractional probability that McCartney wrote any of the music. "The probability that In My Life was written by McCartney is .018," Glickman said in a press release. "Which basically means it's pretty convincingly a Lennon song." Foxconn, known formally as Hon Hai Precision Industry, is the world’s largest contract electronics maker, and is best known for assembling Apple’s iPhones. Photo: tyrone siu/Reuter BEIJING— Foxconn Technology 2354 -2.32% Group posted a surprise 2.2% decline in second-quarter profit, even after its biggest customer Apple Inc. said recent demand for iPhones remained resilient. Taiwan-based Foxconn said Monday that its net profit for the quarter ended June 30 was 17.5 billion New Taiwan dollars ($566.7 million). That compared with the NT$20.2 billion average estimate of analysts polled by S&P Capital IQ. Its net profit in the year-earlier quarter was NT$17.9 billion. Foxconn, known formally as Hon Hai Precision Industry Co. 2317 -2.44% , is the world’s largest contract electronics maker, and is best known for assembling Apple’s iPhones. Last year, Foxconn relied on Apple for about 54% of its revenue, according to Arthur Liao, an analyst at Fubon Research. NBC's flailing shows how the mainstream media is now desperately trying to put out the Qanon fire that is sweeping the world: They're rolling out the same narrative again that they used for claiming to "debunk" Pizzagate. And their totally inept approach to logic is almost beyond belief. Let's consider their syllogism. That doesn't follow at all. It literally is not logical. Furthermore, the major premise is false. Over 2,300 pedophiles were arrested in the USA in just three months between March and May. And look what we've learned about everyone from Jimmy Savile in the UK to Bill Cosby in the USA. As with GamerGate, the media has no idea what it is up against. Gamers and channers are not susceptible to social pressure. They don't care if the media mocks them and call them names. They just keep digging, keep emailing, and keep going. And all the Right-wing worrywarts would do well to understand that the "legitimacy" of Q is no longer any more relevant than whether a spark that starts a forest fire is struck purposefully or accidentally. Pope Francis celebrates a Chrism Mass inside St. Peter's Basilica, at the Vatican, Thursday, March 29, 2018. During the Mass the pontiff blesses a token amount of oil that will be used to administer the sacraments for the year. ( AP Photo/Gregorio Borgia ) With revelation after revelation, a new wave of sexual abuse scandals is rocking the Roman Catholic Church and presenting Pope Francis with the greatest crisis of his papacy. The church has had more than three decades - since notable abuse cases first became public - to safeguard victims, and itself, against such system failures. And, in the past five years, many Catholics have looked to Francis as a figure who could modernize the church and help it regain its credibility. But Francis' track record in handling abuse is mixed, something some outsiders attribute to his learning curve or shortcomings and others chalk up to resistance from a notoriously change-averse institution A Maryland police officer who was caught on camera repeatedly punching a man has been suspended by the Baltimore Police Department, officials said on Saturday. Interim Baltimore Police Commissioner Gary Tuggle said in a statement that he was "deeply disturbed" by the video of an officer striking a man several times before taking him into custody. The incident, which took place on Saturday around 11:45 a.m. ET, began when the officer, who has not been identified, approached a man on the street who he "was familiar with," police said in a statement. The statement says two officers who were "working a special cross borders crime initiative" approached the man in the video then released him before an officer approached the man again to provide him a citizens contact sheet. While giving him the citizens contact sheet, the officer asked for the man's identification and the man refused, according to the statement. In the video of the encounter, the officer appears to put his hand on the man's chest. The man then says, "Don't touch me," and pushes the officer's hand off his chest.

In accordance with the provisions of subsection (a) of Section 4-168 of the Connecticut General Statutes, notice is herby given that the Commissioner of the Department of Children and Families, pursuant to sections 17a-101k of the Connecticut General Statutes, proposes to adopt Sections 17a-101k-1 to 17a-101k-16, inclusive of the Regulations of Connecticut State Agencies, and to repeal Sections 17a-101-1 to 17a-101-10, inclusive, of the Regulations of Connecticut State Agencies. Statement of Purpose: To establish notice, hearing, and appeals protocols concerning the child abuse and neglect substantiation hearing process and provide guidelines for the child abuse and neglect central registry pursuant to the provisions of Public Act 05-207. Persons wishing to present their views and arguments regarding these regulations are invited to do so in writing within thirty (30) days of publication of this notice. Comments regarding the proposed regulations may be submitted to Josh Howroyd, Legislative Program Manager, Department of Children and Families, 505 Hudson Street, Hartford, Connecticut 06106; telephone number 860-550-6329; e-mail address [email protected]. All interested parties are invited to express their views on the proposed regulations at a public hearing to be held on Friday, May 4, 2007, at 10:00 AM in the 8th Floor Conference Room, 505 Hudson Street, Hartford, Connecticut. Copies of the proposed regulations may be obtained from the DCF Office of Government Affairs at the above address, telephone number or e-mail address and are also available on the DCF website at http://www.ct.gov/dcf/. If you are still not sure about going smoke free, conduct a survey of your residents to understand their needs and interest in smoke free policies. (see sample survey) Decide on the extent of the smoke free policy. Which areas will be included? Will the policy cover all the common areas inside and out of the building, the whole building including all individual units, the whole property or only a few buildings? Choose the best option for your property and tenants. Develop a timeline for implementing the policies. The new policies should be implemented no sooner than 30 days after written notice is given to the tenants notifying them of the changes. A 90 day notice is recommended. Develop a plan on how to work with existing tenants who smoke in their units. (One option is to grandfather them in until their lease expires). Remember though, as long as the grandfathered in are smoking in their units, people are still being exposed to second and thirdhand smoke. Send a letter to tenants and place signs around the property announcing the plans for smoke free policies. (see sample letter) Hold a meeting with your tenants to discuss the reasons why the property is going smoke free, the new policies and the consequences for not following the policies. Provide a way to allow your tenants to voice their opinions and concerns both at the meeting and anonymously. Send a letter to tenants outlining the new smoke free policies, the date of implementation and the consequences for violating the policy. Have the tenants sign an agreement that they will abide by the policies. (see sample agreement) New policies for common areas (hallways, walkways, playgrounds, pools, etc.) do not need a lease addendum, only notification of the tenants. New policies within individual units will need a lease addendum. Should the current tenant not want to abide by the new policy for their individual unit, wait until the lease expires and then add it into the lease renewal. (grandfathering) 10. Advertise and market your units/property as smoke free in rental listings. When asked, most tenants want to live in smoke free housing, even those who smoke. (East Hartford) - Secretary of the State Denise Merrill and Education Commissioner Dianna R. Wentzell today recognized 17 schools, including three school districts, for their implementation of the Red, White and Blue Schools program. This initiative stresses the importance of teaching civics throughout students’ educations in varied and innovative ways in order to encourage whole-life community engagement. This school year is the program’s second year with the 2017-18 theme centered on “Engagement at the Local Level”. The Red, White and Blue Schools’ theme for the 2018-2019 school year - “Exploring Our Local Historical Roots” – was also announced. “We are preparing our students to become fully informed, responsible and active citizens through innovative, relevant and engaging curricula that will inspire them to take social studies out of the classroom and into their local communities,” said Commissioner Wentzell. “Congratulations to this year’s Red, White and Blue Schools participants for all of their great work.” “The Red, White and Blue Schools program is designed to engage students in the civic life of their community, to foster a life time of community involvement,” said Secretary Merrill. “This year, it is especially heartening to see a focus on local civic interactions, and I am so proud of the amazing work done by all the participating students, schools, and districts.” Red, White and Blue Schools was launched in 2016 as a partnership between the State Department of Education and the Office of the Secretary of the State to increase the innovative teaching of civics and government in Connecticut. The program is available to all K-12 schools in Connecticut and emphasizes the importance of active and informed citizenship. Students participating in Red, White and Blue Schools study local issues, plan solutions, and implement their plans. Participating schools will be encouraged to take original approaches to teaching civics in the classroom and to consider involving extracurricular activities that also promote civic and community engagement. This year, schools were recognized as Red, White and Blue Schools for demonstrating how students connected with issues of importance to their communities. Students did so in several ways, including fundraising for local projects, developing an app for their town, and organizing an event celebrating town history, among others. The schools achieving recognition as Red, White and Blue Schools for the 2017-18 school year are: Schools that found creative ways to engage the most students in their local community were given special recognition to acknowledge that these schools made the most of the resources at their disposal. Schools receiving special recognition are: Essential resources and teaching materials for educators such as sample lessons and rubrics describing the components of a respective year’s Red, White and Blue Schools program and theme are posted on the Social Studies page of State Department of Education’s website.

3 Reading the Quotes Bid and Ask are what the market maker is willing to buy and sell at now. The Last sales price is usually between them. Volume is the number of transactions in the option that day. Open interest counts the number of contracts that have been issued to date which have not yet been offset/closed out. Option prices decrease (increase) with respect to strike price for calls (puts). 5 Impact on Option Prices Suppose each relevant factor increased in isolation. How does that impact the value of an American option? variable call put stock price + strike price + expiration date + + volatility + + risk-free rate + dividends + 6 Impact of Rate Changes? The confusing one is the impact of increasing the risk-free rate. If interest increases independently of stock price, the present cost (value) of my call purchase (put sale) in the future decreases good for call, bad for put. In practice, when interest rates go up usually stock prices down, so a rate increase is bad for a call and good for a put. The only change with European option prices are that there is no certain relationship with expiration date for example, increasing T might cover an extra dividend payment. 7 Upper/Lower Bounds on European Option Prices Let p and c be the value of European put and call options. We assume no stocks pay dividends. Since an option to buy a share of stock at any positive price cannot be worth more than the value of the share, so c S 0. Since an option to sell a share of stock at the strike price cannot be worth more than the strike price, so p K. Since the European option is worth at most K at maturity, it cannot be worth more than the discounted value of this amount, so p Ke rt. 8 Better Bounds by Arbitrage Arguments Portfolio A consists of a European call option for one share at K plus Ke rt worth of cash to execute it at time T. At time T, this is worth S T if S T > K, or K if K > S T and we don t buy the option, or in other words max(s T, K). Portfolio B consists of one share, and will be worth S T at time T. That A is worth more than B at time T, implies A is worth more than B now since otherwise an arbitrage possibility exists. Thus c + Ke rt S 0. Since no option can have negative value, c max(s 0 Ke rt, 0) 9 Lower Bound on Puts A similar argument for puts shows that p max(ke rt S 0, 0) Portfolio A consists of a European put option for one share at K at time T plus one share. At time T, this is worth S T if S T > K, or K if K > S T and we don t buy the option, or in other words max(s T, K). Portfolio B consists of Ke rt worth of cash That A is worth more than B at time T, implies A is worth more than B now since otherwise an arbitrage possibility exists. Thus p + S 0 Ke rt. 10 Put-Call Parity In fact, there is a tight put-call parity relationship between the value of a European put and call. Consider the following portfolios: Portfolio A consists of a European call option for one share plus Ke rt worth of cash to execute it at time T, worth max(s T, K) at time T by our previous arguments. Portfolio C consists of a European put option plus one share of stock, also worth max(s T,K) at time T. Since they have equal value then they must have equal value now, so c + Ke rt = p + S 0 11 What About American Options? Similar but weaker bounds hold for American options S 0 K C P S 0 Ke rt The gap here is associated with the observation that one can execute an American option immediately, but the holder of a European option cannot cash in until time T, when it will be discounted. Empirical results basically support the bound on over reasonable time scales to the resolution of transaction costs. 12 Another View of Put-Call Parity Suppose I buy a call option and sell a put option, both at strike price K and expiration time T. The sum of these two payoff functions is linear, just like owning a share! The curve is shifted so profit is zero at K, however. The payoff at T is S T K. Discounting this to the present gives c p = S 0 Ke rt or c + Ke rt = p + S 0 1 READING SAMPLE PAPER Market awareness of the mobile telephone has exploded and the retailer who specialises in mobile phones is seeing growth like never before. Admittedly, some customers buy their first mobile phone in the supermarket, but for advice, add-ons and particular services they turn to the specialist. There are a large number of mobile phone retailers and I can t help but feel the market only has room for four players. Undoubtedly, customer service is the factor that differentiates operators and I think this year we will probably see rationalisation in the sector. BEC VANTAGE PART ONE Questions Look at the statements below and the comments given on the opposite page by mobile phone retailers. Which section (A, B, C or D) does each statement refer to? For each statement, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet. A B C D people come into the market. This will continue, and while retail dealers profits will be affected dramatically, network providers will have to generate more revenue by offering internet provision and data services to the mobile user. You will need to use some of these letters more than once. When I first started in the industry, mobile phones were retailing at a thousand pounds and were as large as box files. Now, prices are constantly being driven down and handsets are considerably more compact. There is intense competition between the network providers, and every time they lower their tariffs, more Example: Over a few years, prices have dropped sharply and technological advances have meant products have changed and are changing. Successful retailers must try to keep on top of these developments and invest in the training of employees so they are able to offer impartial advice to customers. E-commerce is taking off but this won t necessarily replace traditional retail outlets. In order to stand out, you need innovative ideas on customer service. We don t believe in criticising other retailers, but there s nothing particularly exciting out there at present. the extent to which mobile phones have changed in size but clearly all the main mobile phone retailers have succeeded in taking the industry forward. Growth has accelerated rapidly and the mobile telephone has changed from simply being a business tool, to being a means of communication for everyone. The mobile phone business is behaving like the internet industry in take-up and the pace of innovation, and it s important not to be left behind. We must continue to innovate in delivering the product to the customer. In terms of service provision, you can draw comparisons between us and our closest rival, A B C D the need for retail staff to stay informed about the mobile phones they are selling the belief that the market will not sustain the present number of mobile phone retailers the use of mobile phones no longer being restricted to a specific group of people the relationship between charges and the number of mobile phone users a negative view of competing mobile phone retailers a comparison between change in the mobile phone industry and that in a different sector those services available at mobile phone outlets that are not provided by other retailers Page 2 BEC VANTAGE PART TWO Questions Read the article below about a survey of businesswomen staying in hotels. Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps. For each gap, mark one letter (A G) on your Answer Sheet. Do not use any letter more than once. There is an example at the beginning, (). Hotels Failing Businesswomen Hoteliers should take note because they are facing serious criticism! Women account for more than half of all business travellers, but hotels are not doing enough for them. ()...G.... These show that the number of complaints made about the way women guests are treated is increasing. The Bartonsfield Hotel in London also conducted a recent survey of UK businesswomen, which reveals that % feel they receive an inferior service. ().... The attitude of hotel staff made them feel out of place in public areas; for example, % chose to eat in their rooms because they were made to feel uncomfortable by staff when dining alone. ().... Four years ago, for example, a similar survey had revealed that a significant number of women travelling alone and wishing to use the hotel restaurant were actually turned away. Many of the suggestions for improved services put forward by the Business Travel Association are relatively simple. ().... Placing tables in restaurants in a way that allows the head waiter to introduce guests to one another, so they can choose to sit together over a meal, was a further suggestion. Guests in the dining room would then have the opportunity to meet up with others who might, for example, be attending the same conference, or have the same business interests. Wendy Manning, executive manager of the Bartonsfield Hotel, agreed with the Business Travel Association that hotel star ratings should be influenced by the level of service they offer to female business guests. ().... Our survey highlighted the unwillingness of many women to air their views if they are treated badly, Wendy Manning pointed out. A group of influential businesswomen recently met to discuss the results of the Business Travel Association questionnaire. They suggested that businesswomen should not hesitate to make it clear if they have a problem. ().... Once clients have gone, it is all too easy for the issue to be ignored by hotel managers, and it will also be forgotten by the overworked business executives themselves. Example: A B C D E F G A The hotel staff assumed they should be booked into the same room. B But there is clear evidence that things are slowly improving. C This would enable women to make an informed choice about a hotel, and they would not be placed in the uncomfortable position of having to complain about poor service. D It is advisable for them to do this during their stay rather than waiting until they check out. E Making sure that facilities in guest bedrooms cater equally for the needs of male and female guests is one such idea. F Most of the women, when questioned further, thought that the reason for this was that they were female and travelling alone. G This is evident from the results of a questionnaire distributed to hotel guests by the Business Travel Association. Page 3 According to the text, the end of a product s life cycle is marked by A a sharp rise in production costs. B the product becoming outdated. C an increase in customer complaints. D less support from sales management. What does the writer say about sales management in the first paragraph? A Companies should spend more time on their sales planning. B There are many managers who need to improve their sales performance. C Most sales managers fail to recognise which stage a product has reached. D The sales approach should change with each phase of the product life cycle. According to the text, a greater sales effort is required for a product when A it is particularly innovative. B the advertising budget has been cut. C rival companies start to produce something similar. D consumer interest switches to a new product category. According to the text, a good marketing strategy must primarily be concerned with A sales statistics. B product details. C consumer data. D profit information. According to the text, profit levels may fail to correspond to the volume of sales because A the full selling costs have not been taken into account. B the production costs were not estimated correctly. C there are unforeseen problems with distribution. D there has been a lack of economic stability. What does the writer say about the charts that show sales progress? A It is a matter of judgement where one sales phase finishes and another begins. B Managers should review policy when a sharp fall in sales is indicated. C It is difficult to see how sales charts can provide sufficient guidance to managers. D Managers should get confirmation of the data they plot on the sales charts. BEC VANTAGE PART THREE Questions Read the article below about product life cycles and the questions on the opposite page. For each question, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet for the answer you choose. Product Life Cycles and Sales Strategy One of the most important concepts in sales management and marketing is that of the product life cycle. This is a historical record of the life of a product, showing the stage in its life the product has reached at a particular time. By identifying the stage that a product is in or may be heading towards, companies can formulate better marketing plans. All products have lives in as much as they are created, sell with varying profitability over a period of time, and then become obsolete and are replaced or simply no longer produced. A product s sales position and profitability can be expected to fluctuate over time and so, at each successive stage in the product s cycle, it is necessary to adopt different tactics. The two main features of the product life cycle are unit sales and unit profit. The unit sales figures usually jump on introduction, as a response to heavy advertising and promotion, as customers buy the product experimentally. This is generally followed by a levelling off while it is evaluated the length of this period depending on the use to which the product is put. Then, unit sales rise steadily through the growth phase to the maturity phase, when the product is widely accepted, and so on to saturation level. By this time, competitors will have entered the market with their own version and, from this point, the sales team will have to work even harder to win all additional sales. Eventually, the product s sales decline as better versions enter the market and competition becomes too strong. In retrospect, most firms know what happened to their products from launch to withdrawal. They can compile this information from the records of unit sales. Unfortunately, unit sales are not the complete story as it is unit profit that is the decisive factor, although this is not always recorded accurately. It is this figure that sales management has to monitor, though, to ensure an effective marketing strategy and to produce effective profits. At launch, the product is costed accurately on the basis of production costs plus selling costs. Initially these remain fairly stable, but, when the product is proving successful, competitors will bring out their own copy-cat products. With a competitor in the field, the original firm has to respond in order to maintain its market position. It can run special sales promotions, improve deliveries, make more frequent sales calls and so on. Often the extra expenditure is not accurately charged to the product and the result is that, long before unit sales are noticeably falling, the unit profit has already fallen. The product life cycle, then, presents a picture of what happened in the product s lifetime, so how can this be used as an ongoing aid to management decision-making? Every sales manager has a chart on which the progress of sales is plotted and this can be used as a guide to the stage of development each product is currently in. An essential management skill is being able to interpret sales results and draw in the stages as they occur. Deciding where each stage begins and ends can be a random exercise, though usually the stages are based on where the rate of sales growth or decline becomes pronounced. Page 4 BEC VANTAGE PART FOUR Questions Read the advice below about the use of technology in presentations. Choose the best word to fill each gap from A, B, C or D on the opposite page. For each question, mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer Sheet. There is an example at the beginning, (). Guidelines for giving Presentations Most presentations today ()...B... on the use of some sort of technology, such as a laptop computer linked to a projector. While this technology can help to ()... presentations better, it also has a ()... of getting in the way. As a general ()..., it is better to ()... on the content of a presentation as a means of ()... your audience s attention, rather than relying on sophisticated equipment. Bear in mind that when an organisation invites ()... for a contract, they may ()... four or five presentations from different companies on the same day. Each of these companies will probably be using the same computer graphics ()... and the same equipment. The chances are the presentations will be similar too. That s why the content and ()... of what you say are important.think about what you want to say and how to say it as clearly as possible. As a first step, you need to ()... the main points you want to get across. Audiences are easily bored and ()... to remember only the most entertaining, exciting or unusual ideas. Next create your materials, choosing the images for your presentation carefully. Remember you do not want to stop your audience from listening to you, nor do you want to ()... them. Finally, make all the necessary ()... for the equipment you need. If technology is to be an important ()... of your presentation, make sure you know how to use it ()... and test it out beforehand. Example: A calculate B depend C determine D lean A B C D A produce B make C construct D build A behaviour B habit C practice D routine A method B law C rule D course A focus B define C target D direct A gaining B acquiring C collecting D taking A requests B calls C bids D commands A appoint B programme C schedule D catalogue A parcels B packets C bundles D packages A formation B design C structure D system A catalogue B label C mark D identify A point B tend C lead D move A disorder B mistake C confuse D complicate A appointments B procedures C arrangements D organisations A share B role C function D element A precisely B suitably C properly D accurately Page 5 PART FIVE Questions Read the article below about a training company. In most of the lines there is one extra word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not fit in with the meaning of the text. Some lines, however, are correct. If a line is correct, write CORRECT on your Answer Sheet. If there is an extra word in the line, write the extra word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet. The exercise begins with two examples, () and (). Examples S O C O R R E C T Training Provision There is little doubt that training has become so an accepted part of business but it is equally true that companies take a much less scientific approach than they should. A recent study suggested us that, while UK organisations spend nearly bn a year on training, % of them have never evaluated that expenditure in strict terms of business impact. Yet if training activities that are run along the same lines as other business operations, in ways that maximise with opportunities, it becomes easier for training organisations to help companies meet strategic goals. One organisation showing an awareness of what this principle is CT Solutions, a training business that has its own premises in South London. The need for more training has combined it with cutbacks in office accommodation to create plenty of business for those hiring out space, particularly upper-end hotels. But while CT Solutions detected that many organisations were not satisfied with hotels because they do not always provide a good service. CT Solutions is totally dedicated to providing of space for business, mostly for training, but also for conferences and AGMs. Clearly, since the business has been grown in size, it is an approach that works. BEC VANTAGE READING ANSWER KEY Part One Part Two Part Three Part Four Part Five C F B B US A B D B STRICT D E C C THAT B C D A WITH C D A A CORRECT D A C WHAT A C IT D CORRECT C WHILE D CORRECT B OF C BEEN C D C Page Effective Internet Job Ads By Steve Crosbie, SupplyChainRecruit.com Getting the best results from internet job ads is something of an art. Whilst we can not deny that the underlying attractiveness of a The art, and the science, of sales forecasting Article published in Sales Director magazine Abstract A business s future success depends crucially on its ability to forecast. Yet surely it s rather unreasonable responsible equity release Responsible for your comfortable retirement Exploring High Net Worth Clients in Equity Release Exploring High Net Worth Clients in Equity Release The Lifetime Mortgage Opportunity Lifetime mortgages have undergone a huge makeover in recent years. Sitting below 1 billion in 2012, the market stood 2 Using Symantec NetBackup with Symantec Security Information Manager Legal Notice Copyright 2007 Symantec Corporation. All rights reserved. Symantec, the Symantec Logo, and NetBackup are trademarks or registered trademarks of Symantec Corporation or its affiliates in the U.S. and other countries. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. 4 4 Using Symantec NetBackup with Symantec Security Information Manager About Veritas NetBackup Note: The documentation provided in this section is a subset of the Veritas NetBackup documentation. The documentation focuses on the most common installation scenarios for Symantec Security Information Manager customers, but is not inclusive. For a complete set of instructions and guidelines on using NetBackup, see the NetBackup documentation. NetBackup architecture Figure 1-1 shows the basic architecture of a NetBackup enterprise server configuration. Figure 1-1 Information Manager and Veritas NetBackup configuration A NetBackup implementation consists of the following components: Master server Media servers The computer on which the NetBackup software is typically installed first. You can have only one master server for each backup domain. In a NetBackup Enterprise Server configuration, a standalone server that receives requests for backup and restore operations from the master server. You may have multiple media servers in one backup domain. In a NetBackup Server configuration, one machine acts as both master server and media server. 5 Using Symantec NetBackup with Symantec Security Information Manager Requirements for using NetBackup with Information Manager 5 Client computers The remote computers that have NetBackup client software installed, including the Information Manager appliance. Both configuration types can have a virtually unlimited number of clients for each backup domain. Clients can perform the following functions: Validate connection requests from the NetBackup server. Support compression of the backup stream. Direct a user request to the master server to perform a backup or restore operation. Storage units The devices where NetBackup stores files and data. A storage unit can be a location on a disk, a set of drives in a robot, or one or more single tape drives of the same type that connect to the same host. Supported versions of NetBackup Symantec Security Information Manager supports the following versions of Veritas NetBackup for backing up and restoring Information Manager data: Veritas NetBackup 6.0 and related patches, all supported platforms About backup policies A backup policy allows you to configure how and when backups are to be performed for a group of clients that have similar backup requirements. To create a backup policy, you should determine the following: Which computers or appliances to back up Which files and folders to back up How often and when the backup will take place How long the backup will be retained Where the backups will be stored Other attributes for customizing the backup Requirements for using NetBackup with Information Manager Before you implement NetBackup for use with Information Manager, the following conditions must be met: 6 6 Using Symantec NetBackup with Symantec Security Information Manager Requirements for using NetBackup with Information Manager The xinetd service must be running on the Information Manager appliance. By default, this service is stopped. Note: If you reboot the appliance, you must restart the xinetd service. You must have the correct IP and hostname entries in the /etc/hosts file on the Information Manager appliance. That is, there must be an entry for the NetBackup master server. If you use DNS, make sure that the DNS entries are correct. You must have any external storage devices configured according to the manufacturer's recommendations before installing NetBackup software. For more information on configuring storage devices on the operating system on which the server software will be installed, see the NetBackup documentation. Starting the xinetd service on the Information Manager appliance Complete the steps below to manually start a service. To start the xinetd service on the Information Manager appliance 1 Using an SSH client, connect to the appliance by using an account with administrator privileges. In most cases, you can use the db2admin account and use the su switch to use root privileges. 2 From a command prompt, type the command: service xinetd start Updating the /etc/hosts file using the Information Manager Web Configuration tool When you install NetBackup, you must update the /etc/hosts file on the Information Manager appliance to include the IP address and host name of the computer that will be used as the NetBackup server. You can use the Web Configuration tool to update the /etc/hosts file. To update the /etc/hosts file using the Information Manager Web Configuration tool 1 Using a browser, navigate to address>, where <IP address> is the IP address of the appliance. 2 Using an account with administrator privileges, log in to the Information Manager Web Configuration tool. 3 In the left pane, click Network Settings. 7 Using Symantec NetBackup with Symantec Security Information Manager 7 4 On the Network Settings page, click Edit Hosts File. 5 In the Edit Hosts File window, add the IP address and host name of the NetBackup server. Separate the IP address and host name with a tab space. Follow the instructions that are displayed in the window. 6 When you are finished, click Save to hosts. Updating the /etc/hosts file on the appliance using an SSH client When you install NetBackup, you must update the /etc/hosts file on the Information Manager appliance to include the IP address and host name of the computer that will be used as the NetBackup server. As an alternative to using the Symantec Web Configuration tool, you can use an SSH client to connect to the file system on the Information Manager appliance and modify the file manually. To update the /etc/hosts file on an Information Manager appliance 1 Using an SSH client, connect to the appliance by using an account with administrator privileges. In most cases, you can use the db2admin account and use the su switch to use root privileges. 2 Navigate to the /etc directory. 3 Using a text editor, edit the hosts file by following the instructions provided in the file. Add the IP address and host name of the NetBackup server. Use a tab space to separate the host name and IP address. 4 Save and close the hosts file. NetBackup includes wizards that make installing and configuring the software easy. Installing and configuring NetBackup involves the following steps: Installing and configuring any storage devices according to the hardware manufacturer's instructions Mounting the NetBackup software CD Installing NetBackup server software Installing NetBackup client software Using the user interface to configure the storage units for the backup domain. For more information on configuring storage devices, see the NetBackup documentation. Configuring a backup policy 8 8 Using Symantec NetBackup with Symantec Security Information Manager Mounting the software CD on a Linux operating system (including the Information Manager appliance) Use the following directions as a guideline for mounting NetBackup CDs. You may need to use other flags or mounting options, which you can determine by working with your hardware vendor. For information on mounting the CD on additional operating systems, see the NetBackup documentation. In the examples in this section, the options and arguments specify the following: A v, t, or F option specifies the type of file system to mount. A r option specifies that you want to mount the CD for reading. The device_path specifies the name of the CD drive. The mount_point specifies the directory where you want to mount the CD. To mount the CD on a Linux computer or Information Manager appliance 1 Log in as root. If you are logging into the appliance, using an SSH client, connect to the appliance using an account with administrator privileges. In most cases, you can use the db2admin account to log in, and then use the su switch to use root privileges. 2 Create the mount point (for example, mkdir /cdrom). 3 Mount the CD, as follows: mount device_path mount_point For example, the following command mounts the CD using /cdrom as the mount point and /dev/cdrom as the device path: mount /dev/cdrom/cdrom Installing NetBackup on the server To install the NetBackup Server software on the computer that you will use as the master server, use the CD that is provided and follow the installation instructions for the server components. Before you install the software, you should familiarize yourself with the purpose and behavior of the installation script. A full description of the installation script behavior is provided by the NetBackup documentation. 9 Using Symantec NetBackup with Symantec Security Information Manager 9 Note: After installing a NetBackup master or media server, you must enter a NetBackup product license key. On the master server, you must also enter license keys for any additional NetBackup product options or agents used on the server or its clients. To install NetBackup on the server 1 Ensure that you have the appropriate license keys for all of the NetBackup servers, clients, options, and agents that you are implementing. For more information on administering NetBackup licenses, see the NetBackup System Administration Guide, Volume I. Note: After making and saving any license key updates (including adding and deleting license keys) in the NetBackup-Java Administration Console, you must restart the console. 2 Do one of the following: Linux server: Log in to the server as root. Windows server: Log in to the Windows server with Administrator privileges. 3 Insert the appropriate NetBackup CD in the drive and mount it, if necessary. 4 Run the installation script, which installs both Media Manager and NetBackup server software: cd_directory/install The cd_directory is the path to the directory where you can access the CD. 5 Do one of the following: If you have Veritas Private Branch Exchange (PBX) already installed, go to To install NetBackup on the server. If you do not have Veritas Private Exchange (PBX) installed, you can install PBX without disrupting the NetBackup installation. See Installing Veritas Private Branch Exchange (PBX) during Netbackup server installation on page Follow the prompts in the installation script. If you want to install additional client software on the server, or you are working in a clustered environment, see the NetBackup documentation for further information. 10 10 Using Symantec NetBackup with Symantec Security Information Manager Installing Veritas Private Branch Exchange (PBX) during Netbackup server installation NetBackup 6.0 contains features that are dependent on a new Infrastructure Core Services (ICS) product called VERITAS Private Branch Exchange (PBX). PBX helps limit the number of TCP/IP ports used by many new features in NetBackup. In addition, it allows all socket communication to take place while connecting through a single port. The PBX port number is For more information about PBX and configuring NetBackup ports, refer to the NetBackup System Administration Guide, Volume I. Note: For clustered environments: PBX has a known issue that prevents it from being installed in the cluster using the push installation method you can usually employ with installics. To install PBX in a cluster, you must run the installics command on every node. Because PBX is required for all NetBackup products, its installation is part of the NetBackup installation procedure unless it is already present on the system. When you begin installing NetBackup on a server, the NetBackup installation procedure determines if a version of PBX is already installed. The NetBackup installation will do one of the following: If a version of PBX already exists, the installation procedure uses that version of PBX and continues. If PBX does not exist, you will see a message similar to the following: The following package(s) are missing and must be installed before NetBackup can be installed: VRTSpbx The missing package(s) are located on the VERITAS Infrastructure Core Services (ICS) CD, which is included in the NetBackup media kit. You can install PBX without disrupting NetBackup server installation. To install PBX during NetBackup server installation 1 Using a different window than the one you are using to install the NetBackup server software, unmount/eject the NetBackup Server software installation CD. 2 Mount the CD that contains the PBX software. 11 Using Symantec NetBackup with Symantec Security Information Manager 11 3 From the original window where you began installing NetBackup, enter the CD pathname (the directory where the installics script is located). The NetBackup install script attempts to install PBX automatically. 4 Follow the prompts in the installation script. If you want to install additional client software on the server, or you are working in a clustered environment, see the NetBackup documentation for further information. Installing the NetBackup client on the Symantec Security Information Manager appliance To install the NetBackup client software on the appliance, log into the appliance with a root account. Using this account, mount the CD, and then run the installation script. For information on the available installation scripts, see the NetBackup documentation. Note: Ensure that the gzip and gunzip commands are installed on each system, and that the directories where the commands are installed are part of the root user s PATH environment variable setting. To initiate a backup or a restore from an Information Manager client, the following graphical interfaces are available: Clients that are compatible with NetBackup-Java may use the NetBackup-Java interface (jbpsa). Refer to the NetBackup Release Notes for a list of NetBackup-Java capable hosts. Clients that are not compatible with NetBackup-Java (Macintosh OS X 10.3.x, IBM zseries Linux, IRIX, and FreeBSD) may use the bp interface or they can log in from any NetBackup 6.0 UNIX server s NetBackup client console using the jbpsa command. To install the NetBackup client on an Information Manager appliance 1 Insert the NetBackup client CD into the drive on the appliance and mount it. See Mounting the software CD on a Linux operating system (including the Information Manager appliance) on page 8. 2 Change your working directory to the CD directory if you have a CD or to the directory that contains the downloaded files: cd /cd_mount_point The cd_mount_point is the path to the directory where you can access the CD. 12 12 Using Symantec NetBackup with Symantec Security Information Manager 3 Enter the following command to execute the installation script:./install 4 Follow the prompts to complete the installation. 5 After the installation is complete, unmount the client CD. Configuring the backup policy to back up Information Manager data When you create a backup policy, you specify when a backup takes place, the files you want to back up, the clients you want to back up, and other general attributes that define how the backup is performed. This wizard lets you define a backup policy for a client or group of clients. The Backup Policy wizard steps you through specifying the following: Policy names and types Clients Files and directories to back up Backup types Backup rotations Starting times of backups Types of backups The Backup Policy wizard prompts you to choose the type of backup that you want a policy to perform. The following list summarizes your choices: A Full backup backs up all files specified in the file list. An Incremental backup backs up all changed files specified in the file list. A Differential backup is often called a differential incremental backup. It backs up files that have changed since the last successful incremental or full backup. All files are backed up if no prior backup has been done. A Cumulative backup is often called a cumulative incremental backup. It backs up files that have changed since the last successful full backup. All files are backed up if no prior backup has been done. A User backup is initiated by an end-user to back up specific files. 13 Using Symantec NetBackup with Symantec Security Information Manager Restoring an Information Manager backup using NetBackup 13 Tips on creating backup policies When you create a backup policy, consider the following: The list that appears on the Client List screen of the Backup Policy wizard is a list of clients that are backed up. You can add, change, or delete clients from this list by selecting a name and clicking the appropriate button. You can select how often you want a backup policy to run for full or incremental backups. In addition, you can select the retention period for the backups. For assistance in determining how often you should create or retain a backup, contact your Symantec sales representative. Note: After you have completed the Backup Policy wizard, you are asked if you want to perform an installation verification test. If you choose to do this step, you can click the Activity Monitor in the left pane of the NetBackup Administration Console and monitor the progress of the backup job. Information Manager files and directories When you create a backup policy for Information Manager, you should include specific files and directories. Table 1-1 provides suggestions on the files and directories that you may want to include in your backup policy. Table 1-1 File or directory /eventarchive /eventdata Suggested Information Manager files and directories to be backed up Description Contains all of the raw event data that is stored by Information Manager. Contains all of the incident data that Information Manager creates from the event data. Restoring an Information Manager backup using NetBackup To restore the data that NetBackup has saved, follow the instructions that are provided by the NetBackup documentation. There are no steps required that are specific to Information Manager to restore data to the appliance. Technical Paper Disaster Recovery on the Sun Cobalt RaQ 3 Server Appliance with Third-Party Software The Sun Cobalt RaQ 3 server appliance supports the use of third-party backup solutions for performing 1 Evolutionary Psychology human-nature.com/ep : Original Article Are there nonverbal cues to commitment? An exploratory study using the zero-acquaintance video presentation paradigm William Michael Brown*, Boris Palameta and Chris Moore *Corresponding author: William Michael Brown, Department of Psychology, Dalhousie University, Life Sciences Centre, 1355 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4J1 CANADA. Web: Abstract: Altruism is difficult to explain evolutionarily if subtle cheaters exist in a population (Trivers, 1971). A pathway to the evolutionary maintenance of cooperation is nonverbal altruist-detection. One adaptive advantage of nonverbal altruist-detection is the formation of trustworthy division of labour partnerships (Frank, 1988). Three studies were designed to test a fundamental assumption behind altruistic partner preference models. In the first experiment perceivers (blind with respect to target altruism level) made assessments of video-clips depicting self-reported altruists and self-reported non-altruists. Video-clips were designed with attempts to control for attractiveness, expressiveness, role-playing ability, and verbal content. Overall perceivers rated altruists as more helpful than non-altruists. In a second experiment manipulating the payoffs for cooperation, perceivers (blind with respect to payoff condition and altruism level) assessed altruists who were helping others as more concerned and attentive than non-altruists. However perceivers assessed the same altruists as less concerned and attentive than non-altruists when the payoffs were for self. This finding suggests that perceivers are sensitive to nonverbal indicators of selfishness. Indeed the self-reported non-altruists were more likely than selfreported altruists to retain resources for themselves in an objective measure of cooperative tendencies (i.e. a dictator game). In a third study altruists and nonaltruists facial expressions were analyzed. The smile emerged as a consistent cue to altruism. In addition, altruists exhibited more expressions that are under involuntary control (e.g., orbicularis oculi) compared to non-altruists. Findings 2 suggest that likelihood to cooperate is signaled nonverbally and the putative cues may be under involuntary control as predicted by Frank (1988). Keywords: Altruist-Detection; Cheater-Detection; Emotions; Nonverbal Behaviour; Reliable Signalling; Smile Asymmetries; Facial Expressions; Cooperation. 1. Introduction Darwin (1872) speculated that a selfish character may be detectable from nonverbal cues: Slyness is also, I believe, exhibited chiefly by movements about the eyes; for these are less under the control of the will, owing to the force of longcontinued habit, than are the movements of the body (Page 484). Trivers (1971) extended this speculation regarding reliable cues to cheating in his theory of reciprocal altruism. Specifically Trivers (1971) suggested that altruism not motivated by prosocial motivation and/or emotions may be less likely to occur in the future. Therefore selection should have designed perceiver psychology to scrutinize the presence and/absence of emotional cues committing future cooperation (Trivers, 1971; Hirshleifer, 1987; Frank, 1988). The central assumption of Hirshleifer s (1987) and Frank s (1988) models for the evolution of cooperation is that prosocial emotions help solve commitment problems (i.e. a cheating partner in a division of labour relationship) because the presence of these emotions can be reliably discerned by others. In other words, the nonverbal cues associated with emotion-based altruism are honest signals that cannot be faked easily (Zahavi, 1987; Grafen, 1990; Zahavi and Zahavi, 1997). Ekman (1985) has reported that facial expressions, body language, pitch and timbre of the voice, rate of respiration, and the cadence of speech are systematically linked to underlying emotional states. Since the relevant neural and musculature linkages in emotional expression are physiologically constrained, it is difficult to conceal or falsely manifest these behavioural cues (Ekman and Freisen, 1982; Ekman, Levenson and Freisen, 1985; Gazzaniga and Smylie, 1990; Brown and Moore, 2002). Few empirical studies have investigated the altruist-detection hypothesis. Frank et al. (1993) showed that after a 30-minute interaction, participants could predict with significantly higher than chance accuracy whether a person would cooperate or defect in a Prisoner s Dilemma game. However, it is difficult to conclude whether perceivers assessments were based on nonverbal cues, as participants were able to talk openly with each other. In another study Brown and Moore (2000) tested the altruist-detection hypothesis using the Wason selection task. Participants were good at solving altruist-detection Wason problems compared to control tasks. However, Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 3 Brown and Moore (2000) did not investigate whether perceivers could detect altruists based on non-verbal / paralinguistic signals. Is there evidence for the existence of reliable nonverbal cues to altruistic character? Research suggests that humans may trust smiling individuals more than non-smiling individuals (Tidd and Lockard, 1978; Otta, Lira, Delevati, Cesar and Pires, 1994; LaFrance and Hecht, 1995). For example, smiles are positively correlated with tips given to waitresses (Tidd and Lockard, 1978). Recently Scharlemann, Eckel, Kacelnik, and Wilson (2001) found in extensive form bargaining games that photographs of smiling individuals are trusted more than non-smiling individuals. Smiling newscasters may influence political candidate choice (Mullen et al., 1986). Interestingly in 50 randomly collected media photographs of George W. Bush and Al Gore taken during the 2000 US Presidential race, Bush produced significantly more genuine smiles (Brown and Moore, unpublished data). According to a Gallup Poll ( before Election Day, Bush was rated trustworthier than Al Gore. However, since evolution has also provided humans with the ability to manifest a posed smile, simply trusting smiles could be costly. Genuine smiles (i.e. emotion-based) may be more reliable indicators of likelihood to cheat. A spontaneous emotion-based smile has greater displacement of left-hand corner of the mouth than a posed smile due to right-hemisphere involvement (Wylie and Goodale, 1988). Smile asymmetry may be a putative cue to underlying cooperative intentions. Brown and Moore (2002) found that an iconic representation of a posed smile (slightly asymmetrical with the left-corner of mouth less displaced than the right-corner of the mouth) was given significantly less resources than an icon with greater leftcorner displacement. Not surprisingly humans scrutinize the left side of the face more than the right side when assessing facial expressions (Burt and Perrett, 1997). How may experiments be designed to test whether or not perceivers can detect altruists based on nonverbal cues? In everyday situations humans interact with strangers briefly and make character assessments. However, when people interact freely it is difficult to test whether or not assessments of altruism are based on nonverbal cues (as the interactants could give verbal information regarding altruism). A method is needed that can control for potential confounds and still be analogous to how people meet for the first time. One methodology that is ideal for controlling for promises to cooperate and verbal information is the zeroacquaintance video presentation paradigm. By moving away from actual face-toface encounters a variety of potentially confounding factors can be minimized. Research in social psychology has used the zero-acquaintance video presentation paradigm to investigate whether or not naïve perceivers can detect tell-tale cues to personality or lying from video segments (Ekman, 1985; Frank, 1988). The zeroacquaintance video presentation paradigm in nonverbal behaviour experiments (see Ekman, 1985) entails presenting a large group of perceivers a small number of Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 4 video-clips depicting target individuals performing a particular task. Perceivers then assess the videotaped individuals on a variety of attributes (e.g. job suitability, physical attractiveness, lying etc.). There are several advantages to using this methodology to test the altruist-detection hypothesis. For example, length of interaction with the video-clip, physical attractiveness, emotional expressiveness, and verbal information can be controlled. The paradigm is similar to meeting several individuals for the first time and making character assessments. There is an additional theoretical advantage to this method if evidence consistent with altruistdetection is found. Most studies using the zero-acquaintance video presentation paradigm (for review see DePaulo, 1994) have shown that detection accuracy of lying and personality are no better than chance among individuals (Ekman, O Sullivan and Frank, 1999; Lippa and Dietz, 2000). Specifically, most individuals cannot detect lying unless they have been trained (Ekman et al., 1999). Furthermore, the accurate assessment of individual differences in personality is traitspecific. That is sociability and extraversion (which are both correlates of altruism) are the only Big Five personality traits accurately decoded from nonverbal cues (Albright, Kenny and Malloy, 1988; Borkenau and Liebler, 1993; Funder and Colvin, 1988; Funder and Dobruth, 1987; Kenny, Horner, Kashy and Chu, 1992; Levesque and Kenny, 1993; Lippa and Dietz, 2000; Watson, 1989). Evidence for altruist detection may suggest that natural selection specifically shaped such a capacity since most personality traits (and lying) cannot be accurately decoded. The present experiments were designed in an attempt to control for verbal information regarding cooperative tendencies without removing paralinguistic information (e.g. pitch and timbre of the voice). Small numbers of video-clips of altruists and non-altruists were presented to a large group of perceivers naïve with respect to altruism level. In Experiment One the reliable and valid self-report altruism scale (Rushton, Chrisjohn, and Frekken, 1981; Johnson et al., 1989; Chau et al., 1990) was used to select four altruists and four non-altruists. Altruists and non-altruists were filmed telling the Little Red Riding Hood Story. The Little Red Riding Hood Story was used in an attempt to control for verbal content. In addition, variables such as physical attractiveness, role-playing ability and expressiveness were measured. Perceivers viewed 4 altruist / non-altruist pairs and judged which individual in the pair was more helpful. It was predicted that perceivers would differentiate altruists from non-altruists based on cues provided in short video-segments. 2. Methods Experiment One 2.1 Targets and perceivers Seventy-three second- and third-year female Psychology students, with a mean age of (SD = 2.22) participated in the study to select altruists and non- Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 5 altruists for videotaping. Perceivers were from Introductory Psychology classes (n = 143 students) with a mean age of (SD = 5.28). Perceivers participated in exchange for 1% toward class grade. 2.2 Altruism scale used for target selection The Altruism Scale contains 56 items measuring the amount of instances that an individual has given up time, effort, goods, status, and safety to help others (Johnson et al., 1989). Since the Altruism Scale asks subjects to recall the amount of helpful behaviours performed in the past, it is less susceptible to deceptive responding than a scale asking one to report whether or not he/she would help in a hypothetical situation (Romer, Gruder and Lizzadro, 1986). Participants are asked to indicate how often they have performed each act described in the 56 statements from 1 (never) to 5 (very often). This measure showed high internal consistency with coefficient alpha ranging from 0.89 to 0.94 across seven different cultures (English and non-english speaking). Johnson et al. (1989) found that the scale had a test-retest reliability of 0.94 after a two-week period. It is reasonable to suspect that even self-reported instances of helping behaviour in the past could be correlated with trying to deceive experimenters. This was not the case. In the current sample the Altruism Scale was not significantly correlated with the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (Crowne and Marlowe, 1960; a measure of deceptive responding): r (141) = The reason that this finding provides validity for the Altruism Scale is that the participants who are attempting to mislead the experimenter by appearing perfect (e.g. always investigating the credentials of every candidate before an election or never swearing even when extremely angry) are not also reporting that they were more altruistic in the past. The Altruism Scale (Johnson et al., 1989) includes 20 items from the Self-Report Altruism Scale (Rushton, Chrisjohn, and Frekken, 1981) that were shown to be internally consistent across 5 samples (Cronbach s alphas ranged from 0.78 to 0.87) and showed good discriminant validity from 20 personality tests. Discriminant and convergent validity was demonstrated for the full 56-item altruism scale (Chau et al., 1990). More specifically, self-reported altruism is positively associated with intrinsic religiosity (genuine religious involvement for its own sake), but negatively correlated with extrinsic religiosity (e.g. religious involvement simply to meet people at church). Importantly, peer ratings of altruism were significantly positively correlated with individual s self-reports. Rushton et al. (1981) found that whether or not an individual signed the organ donation card on driver s licence was significantly positively correlated with the self-reports on the Altruism Scale. Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 6 2.3 Self-report instrument behavioural validity check High scorers (i.e. top 10 th percentile) on the Altruism Scale were selected to represent altruists. Extreme scorers were chosen because it is more likely that these individuals consistently perform helpful behaviours at high frequency relative to lower scorers (i.e. bottom 10 th percentile). Also it reduced the number of video stimuli that perceivers must view (therefore avoiding the potential of observer fatigue). Concerned about whether the entire 56-item self-report altruism scale is a valid measure of actual altruistic behaviour, a different sample of 88 subjects were selected to participate in a one-shot Prisoner s Dilemma-like scenario called the dictator game (Eckel and Grossman, 1996). The dictator game asks subjects to divide up a valued resource (i.e. 40 lottery tickets for a 150 dollar draw) anonymously between themselves and a stranger. The prediction is that altruists (individuals who scored in the top 10 th percentile) should give more lottery tickets away to strangers than non-altruists (individuals who scored in the bottom 10 th percentile). Results conformed to the prediction: Altruists gave tickets on average (SD = 7.79) while non-altruists gave tickets (SD = 7.18). This significant mean difference [t (22) = 2.34, p <.05] suggests that the Altruism Scale is a valid measure for altruistic tendencies in humans. 2.4 Selecting altruists and non-altruists for video-taping The 73 participants' altruism scores were transformed into percentiles. The 90th percentile and above on the Altruism Scale represented altruists, while the 10th percentile and below represented non-altruists. Using this criterion eleven students were chosen (5 altruists and 6 non-altruists). This video-taping procedure was completed in a blind fashion, as the experimenter who was filming the targets was unaware of each person's self-report altruism score. The 11 were called and asked to participate in the second part of the study (the filming of the altruist and non-altruist targets). Two non-altruists declined the offer to participate. The remaining 9 individuals were brought to the laboratory one at a time. Targets were given a general outline of the events in the Little Red Riding Hood story and asked to familiarize themselves with the plot. Participants were instructed that they would be retelling the story to the camera without the aid of the plot outline. Once again, a children's story was used to keep the verbal content relatively constant. Close-up headshots of targets were videotaped. 2.5 Measuring Physical Attractiveness, Role-Playing and Expressiveness The 9 video-clips were presented to 11 Psychology faculty and honours Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 7 students to rate each target on physical attractiveness, role-playing ability and expressiveness using 7-point Likert scales. One altruist was rated extremely high on physical attractiveness (M = 5.45), role-playing ability (M = 5.73) and expressiveness (M = 5.73) and was therefore discarded from the study. The physical attractiveness, role-playing ability, and expressiveness ratings of the four remaining altruists and non-altruists can be found in Table 1. Overall altruists were similar to the non-altruists on the combined ratings of these three measures (M = 3.06 vs. M = 3.11). Table 1 Eleven judges mean ratings of physical attractiveness, role-playing ability and expressiveness of the 4 altruists and 4 non-altruists in Experiment One. Physical attractiveness Role-playing ability Expressiveness Altruist Altruist Altruist Altruist Overall (altruists) Non-altruist Non-altruist Non-altruist Non-altruist Overall (nonaltruists) Presenting altruists to perceivers The 143 perceivers (tested in groups of 15 to 17) were told that they would be viewing pairs of videotaped people telling the "Little Red Riding Hood" story and making personality judgments of the individuals shown. It was explained to the perceivers that targets filled out a questionnaire measuring altruism before being videotaped and that one of the individuals in the pair had reported being more altruistic than the other in a variety of situations. Five altruistic behaviours were then presented to the perceivers as examples of what was meant by altruism. The items with the greatest effect sizes for distinguishing altruism were selected from the Altruism Scale (see Table 2). Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 8 Table 2 Five items that best differentiated the mean self-reports of altruists and nonaltruists in Experiment One. Questionnaire Item F(1,14) Mse n² Altruists Non-altruists Looked after a neighbor s pets without being asked and without being paid for it. Helped someone you didn t know get up when (s)he slipped or tripped and fell down. Helped an acquaintance obtain something important that (s) he needed (e.g. a job, a place to live, etc.). Shared credit for an accomplishment when you could have easily taken it all. Bent the rules to help someone she didn t know that well % % % % % All F values are significant at p <.0001 Perceivers were then asked to judge whom they thought the more helpful person was and whether or not they had met the person before. Each video pair was presented once, rewound, and then presented a second time. Altogether, perceivers were presented with four altruist/non-altruist pairs. All groups saw the same eight targets (4 altruists and 4 non-altruists), but the pair-orders were randomised and the altruist/non-altruist order within the pair was counterbalanced. 3. Results Experiment One Thirty-seven perceivers were discarded because they knew at least one out of the eight targets and were therefore unsuitable for a zero-acquaintance experiment. 1 No order effects were revealed for any of the eight targets, all χ² 's were non-significant. Thus, the order in which the targets were viewed did not affect the participants' perception of which target was more helpful. In addition Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 9 pair-orders were counter-balanced. A one-way ANOVA was used to investigate whether participants' altruist-detection accuracy varied depending on the pairorder observed. There was no significant effect of the four different pair-orders upon helpfulness ratings, F (4, 102) =.75, p >.05. Data were collapsed for further analysis. The effect of gender on nonverbal decoding of altruism was not investigated because only females participated in Study One. The prediction that participants could detect altruists was confirmed. Recall that perceivers were presented four altruist/non-altruist pairs. Therefore chance accuracy (2.00) was compared to observed altruist-detection accuracy. A onesample t-test 2 was significant, t (105) = 2.52, p <.013, suggesting that altruistdetection accuracy was significantly better than chance. Mean altruist-detection accuracy was 55% (2.21 / 4.00). The effect size for altruist-detection was small. That is, target altruism level accounted for 5 percent of the variation in number of correct choices. See Figure 1 for the variation in perceivers altruist-detection accuracy. Frequency of Perceivers (out of 106) /106 30/106 22/106 7/106 0/106 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% Altruist-Detection Accuracy Fig. 1. Frequency distribution of perceivers altruist-detection accuracy in Experiment One. Spearman correlations were performed upon the number of hits (i.e. number of times a target was thought to be an altruist) by physical attractiveness, roleplaying ability and expressiveness. As can be observed in Table 3, both roleplaying ability and expressiveness significantly and positively correlated with the number of hits. Specifically, the targets that were rated as better role-players and more expressive were also more likely to be judged as an altruist. The large Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 10 significant positive correlation between role-playing ability and expressiveness suggests that these two measures are tapping into the same factor. Table 3 Spearman correlations between mean physical attractiveness, role-playing ability, expressiveness and hit number (i.e. the number of times target was thought to be an altruist) in Experiment One (n = 8). Attractiveness Expressiveness Role-playing Hit number Attractiveness Expressiveness 0.96** 0.74* Role-Playing 0.74* * Significant at.01; ** Significant at Discussion Experiment One Results suggest that humans can detect altruists at higher than chance accuracy based on information provided in 1-minute video-clips. Specifically, altruists were assessed as the more helpful individual in the pair significantly more often than non-altruists. This is an impressive result (despite the expected small effect size 3 ) because the nonverbal information was limited (i.e. One-minute clips of individuals retelling a story unrelated to helping behaviour). Since order of presentation was controlled it did not appear to mediate the altruist-detection effect. In addition, declarations of helpfulness were excluded and therefore did not tip perceivers off to whom the altruists were. There was no correlation between target physical attractiveness and the number of perceivers who thought the target was an altruist. However, role-playing ability and expressiveness were potentially confounding variables. That is, the number of times an individual was judged to be an altruist was related to an increase in role-playing abilities and expressiveness. The results are consistent with Frank s (1988) hypothesis that humans can detect altruists. While the main result supported the prediction that perceivers can detect altruists in zero-acquaintance contexts, this finding is preliminary. First, only four altruists and four non-altruists were used in this experiment, and all were female. In Experiment Two, a further five altruists and five non-altruists from both sexes were represented. Second, as noted earlier, discriminability was strongly correlated with expressiveness and role-playing ability as rated by independent observers. This correlation may be due to altruists being generally more expressive and better at role-playing. It is possible that such characteristics Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 11 provide the basis for nonverbal altruist-detection. However, it may be that our experimental situation was particularly artificial and that altruists, being altruists, were better at responding to the experimenter's invitation to retell the fairy tale. Whether altruists and non-altruists would exhibit these differences in other contexts is unknown. Experiment Two was designed with these limitations in mind. One purpose of Experiment Two was to provide a more social context for observing altruists and non-altruists. The new context was cooperative game playing (two targets playing the colour code elimination game called Mastermind ). The cooperative game context allows for a manipulation that can isolate helpfulness from other components of the targets' nonverbal behavior. In the current experiment, pairs of targets played a cooperative game and points were awarded to one of the players based on the success of the pair. One member of the pair provided instructions to the other member of the pair. The individual to whom the points were awarded varied across games. The point manipulation was used to influence the expression of self and other interest in targets. Specifically altruists are expected to express more nonverbal interest when helping others gain points. Points were meaningless (i.e. no credit or monetary value). However games like Mastermind are designed by manufacturers to elicit competitive interest in the game players. Thus making good choices may be a sufficient reward for participants in this experimental context. Targets were videotaped under these conditions when playing the role of the instructor and the video-clips were played to perceivers in the same manner as Experiment One. Perceivers were asked to rate helpfulness, concern, attentiveness, and expressiveness. It was predicted that altruists and non-altruists would still be differentiable to perceivers with respect to helpfulness. However, the manipulation of payoffs would reveal differences in how targets were rated by perceivers. In particular, it was predicted that perceivers (blind with respect to altruism level and payoff conditions) would distinguish between altruists and nonaltruists non-verbal behaviour depending upon whether or not they were helping others receive a payoff. It was hypothesized that perceivers would detect altruists signals of other-interest more easily when altruists were helping others. Likewise it was predicted that perceivers would detect altruists lack of selfishness relative to non-altruists when the payoffs were for self. It was expected that these differences in self- and other-interest should be revealed in perceivers ratings of concern, attentiveness and expressiveness. 5. Methods Experiment Two 5.1 Targets and perceivers Introductory Psychology students (n = 113; 93 females and 20 males) with a Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 12 mean age of (SD = 4.22) participated in the study to select altruists and nonaltruists in exchange for 1% credit toward grade. Perceivers of the video-stimuli were recruited from Introductory Psychology students (n = 168; 126 females and 42 males). Perceivers mean age of (SD = 4.51) participated in exchange for 1% credit toward grade. 5.2 Selecting altruists One hundred and thirteen participants (93 females and 20 males) completed the Altruism Scale (Johnson et al., 1989) and Impression Management Scale (Paulhus, 1984). Responses on the Altruism Scale were not correlated with the Impression Management Scale (Paulhus, 1984): r (113) = , p > The impression management scale measures the degree to which a participant is attempting to deceive the experimenter in their self-reports. This result lends further validity to the Altruism Scale. Participants' scores were transformed into percentiles. The 90th percentile and above were categorised as altruists while the 10th percentile and below were categorised as non-altruists. Five altruists (3 females, 2 males) and 5 non-altruists (3 females, 2 males) were contacted (by an experimenter blind to altruism level) and agreed to participate for additional credit. The 10 individuals were brought into the lab in pairs. Each pair consisted of an altruist and a non-altruist. All pairs were taught Mastermind (an elimination game where players try to solve a colour code created by the mastermind, in this case the experimenter). The rules were modified so that the pair played together against the experimenter. In addition the rules were adjusted so that, for each game, one member of the pair would receive points for game performance while the other would help. In addition, for each game, one member of the pair acted as the instructor, giving verbal commands and advice, while the other person, the mover would silently put the game pieces in place. This manipulation allowed for only one target making utterances during taping. Each pair played 4 games so that the altruists and non-altruists within the pairs could be instructors under two different payoff conditions in the cooperative game - points for self and points for other. Therefore, each altruist and nonaltruist in the pair was an instructor twice: 1) instructing when the payoff was for self; and 2) instructing when the payoff was for other. This manipulation was made possible by telling the pair that points would only be assigned to one member of the dyad based on the amount of time and number of turns required to solve the colour code. The payoff in points in this experiment carried no monetary value. Close-up headshots of targets were videotaped using a different camera for each member of the pair. Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 13 5.3 Presenting altruists to perceivers Only video-clips of instructors giving verbal advice (i.e. suggesting what particular colour to choose) were used. Video-clips of instructors were used so that perceivers would have access to paralinguistic information (e.g. pitch and timbre of the voice), which is presumably important in altruist-detection (Frank, 1988). In total, there were 10 video-clips of targets (5 altruists and 5 non-altruists) instructing while receiving payoffs for self and 10 video-clips of targets (the same 5 altruists and 5 non-altruists) instructing while payoffs were for other. To standardise the length of the video-clips, event sampling was used (Martin and Bateson, 1993). The most expressive minute was the event sampled. Two blind raters selected the minute with the highest frequency of the instructor talking and looking at the other person. The raters highest frequency minutes matched for all clips. The 1-minute video clips were edited so that each altruist was randomly paired with every non-altruist at least once. The same sex and same payoff condition (points for self or points for other) were paired together. Perceivers were tested in groups of 15 to 17. Perceivers were told that they would view 10 video-clips of 10 individuals playing Mastermind with an offcamera partner against an off-camera opponent. Blind to payoff condition, half of the sample (n = 84) viewed video-clips of altruists and non-altruists working for other, while the remaining perceivers (n = 84) viewed video-clips of altruists and non-altruists working for self. All perceivers viewed 5 altruist / non-altruist pairs and rated each individual within each pair sequentially before moving to the next pair. After viewing each video clip twice, perceivers were asked to judge on 89 mm ruler scales the degree of helpfulness, concern, attentiveness, and expressiveness of the target. Concern and attentiveness were derived from Izard s (1977) Differential Emotions Scale as measures of interest. The perceivers marked a vertical line along the ruler where it was judged that aspect of the target s demeanour to be (e.g. The left side of the ruler bar would read Unhelpful while the right side would read Helpful ). The distance from the left side of the ruler scale to the marked line represented a quantitative measure of the degree to which each target was thought be helpful, concerned, attentive, and expressive. 6. Results Experiment Two 6.1 Detecting altruism Perceivers helpfulness, concern, attentiveness, and expressiveness assessments were analyzed using a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) with target altruism (non-altruists vs. altruists) as a within-subject variable. This analysis indicated that the effect of target altruism was significant, F (4, 161) = Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 14 23.11, p <.001 using Wilks' lambda statistic. Calculation of ω² indicated that different levels of target altruism accounted for 37% of the variability in perceivers discriminability of altruists and non-altruists. There was no significant effect of gender of target or perceiver on the detection of altruism. The univariates were examined to yield descriptive information with special priority given to the hypothesis that altruists will be perceived as more helpful than non-altruists. To reduce the chances of a spurious result, Keppel s modified Bonferroni was used to reduce the alpha level required for statistical significance (Cohen, 1977; Keppel, 1982). The corrected alpha for all remaining analyses was Analyses of variances indicate that target altruism had significant effects on all perceivers assessments, F' s (1, 164) > 7.86, p <.007, except attentiveness F (1, 164) = 1.27, p >.10. In particular, altruists were judged to be more helpful, less concerned, and more expressive [M's (SD s) = (11.53); (11.45); (9.98)] than non-altruists [M's (SD s) = (10.84); (10.55); (9.51)]. See Figures 2a to 2d for the perceivers helpfulness, concern, attentiveness, and expressiveness assessments of altruists and non-altruists across payoff condition. a) 65 Altruists Non-altruists b) 65 Helpfulness Ratings Concern Ratings Self Other Payoff For 35 Self Other Payoff For Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 15 c) d) Attentiveness Ratings Expressiveness Ratings Self Other Payoff For 35 Self Other Payoff For Fig. 2 (a-d). Means and standard errors for perceivers ratings (i.e. helpfulness, concern, attentiveness, and expressiveness) of video-targets (altruists and nonaltruists) by payoff condition (payoff for self vs. payoff for other) in Experiment Two. Figure 2a and 2d reveal that regardless of point condition, altruists were rated as more helpful and expressive. Calculation of ω² indicated that the different levels of target altruism accounted for 17.8%, 6.5%, and 4.6% of the variability in perceivers helpfulness, concern, and expressiveness judgments respectively. In Experiment One expressiveness was a potential confound. Perhaps perceivers helpfulness ratings of altruists and non-altruists are explained by the variance in expressiveness. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed to investigate whether or not expressiveness solely accounted for the increased helpfulness ratings given to altruists. Findings are consistent with the altruist-detection hypothesis. Specifically, varying levels of expressiveness did not account for perceivers helpfulness ratings of altruists and non-altruists. When expressiveness was held constant as a covariate, altruists were still rated by perceivers as more helpful than non-altruists: F (1, 166) = 28.35, p < Effect of payoff Judgments of helpfulness, concern, attentiveness, and expressiveness were analyzed using a MANOVA with payoff condition (payoff for self vs. payoff for Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 16 other) as a between-subject variable. This analysis indicated that the effect of payoff condition was significant, F (4, 161) = 4.90, p <.005 using Wilks' lambda statistic. Calculation of ω² revealed that different levels of payoff condition accounted for 11% of the variability in perceivers ratings. Separate analyses of variances found that payoff condition had a significant effect on expressiveness, F (1,164) = 17.31, p <.001. Specifically, both altruists and non-altruists were judged more expressive when the payoff was for self (M = 50.92), compared to when the payoff was for other (M = 45.86). Calculation of ω² indicated that the different levels of payoff condition accounted for 9.5% of the variability in expressiveness ratings. All other perceivers assessments were not significantly impacted by payoff condition. There was no significant effect of gender of target or perceiver on the influence of payoff condition. 6.3 Detecting selfishness and other-interest Perceivers ratings of helpfulness, concern, attentiveness, and expressiveness were analyzed using a MANOVA with target altruism (non-altruists vs. altruists) as a within-subject variable, and payoff condition (payoff for self vs. payoff for other) as a between-subject variable. This analysis indicated that the interaction between target altruism and payoff condition was significant, F (4, 161) = 12.44, p <.001 using Wilks' lambda statistic. Calculation of ω² indicated that the interaction between target altruism and payoff condition accounted for 24% of the variability in perceivers discriminability of altruists and non-altruists. There was no significant effect of gender of target or perceiver on the detection of self or other interest. Separate ANOVA s found that the interaction between target altruism and payoff condition had a significant effect on concern ratings, F (1, 164) = 37.91, p <.001, and attentiveness ratings, F (1, 164) = 18.58, p <.001. No other significant interactions were found. Calculation of ω² indicated that the interaction between target altruism and payoff condition accounted for 19% and 10% of the variability in perceivers concern and attentiveness assessments respectively. Figure 2b demonstrates the statistically significant interaction upon perceivers' concern ratings. The mean concern ratings of altruists and non-altruists are plotted by payoff condition. Figure 2b depicts graphically that perceivers rated altruists as more concerned than non-altruists when helping in the cooperative game: this difference of 2.50 was statistically significant; [t (83) = 2.23, p <.03]. Conversely, perceivers assessed non-altruists as significantly more concerned than altruists when the payoff was for self: the difference of 8.47 was statistically significant; [t (83) = , p <.001]. An analogous pattern was found with perceivers' attentiveness ratings (see Figure 2c). Specifically, perceivers judged altruists as more attentive than non-altruists when helping in the cooperative game: mean difference of 2.58 Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 17 was statistically significant; [t (83) = 2.63, p <.02]. Figure 2c also reveals that perceivers' assessed non-altruists as more attentive than altruists when the payoff in the game was for self. This difference of was statistically significant; [t (83)= , p <.005]. 7. Discussion Experiment Two Consistent with the primary hypothesis, perceivers rated altruists as more helpful than non-altruists based on the information provided in 1-minute videoclips. This was a stable result across payoff condition. 4 Likewise perceivers rated altruists as more expressive than non-altruists. Paradoxically, altruists were rated as less concerned than non-altruists. This result was not stable across payoff condition. Specifically, perceivers judged altruists who were helping others in the cooperative game as more concerned than non-altruists in the same payoff condition. However, non-altruists were assessed as more concerned than altruists when the payoff in the game was for self 5. Analogously, perceivers rated altruists who were helping others as more attentive than non-altruists. Finally, as predicted, perceivers assessed non-altruists as more attentive than altruists when the payoff in the game was for self. Despite research suggesting females are better at decoding nonverbal expressions of emotion (Hall, 1984) gender of target or perceiver did not influence altruist detection. Results are consistent with Frank s (1988) altruist-detection assumption in the commitment model. However, it is also possible that perceivers are basing helpfulness, concern and attentiveness assessments upon something besides nonverbal and paralinguistic displays of underlying altruism. Although it cannot be concluded that there are reliable nonverbal and/or paralinguistic signals associated with altruism, it can be asserted that perceivers can distinguish between individuals on altruism, or likelihood to cooperate (Frank et al., 1993; Brown and Moore, 2000). It is important to note that unlike Experiment One, Experiment Two found medium to large effect sizes (Cohen, 1977) for altruist-detection. A possible explanation for the increased effect sizes in Experiment Two may be that the targets were filmed in a cooperative rather than a story-telling context (as in Experiment One). These substantial effect sizes found in Experiment Two suggest that the consensus reached by perceivers regarding targets altruism and selfishness may be an important biological phenomenon. In ancestral environments natural selection could have favoured information-processing capacities designed for the detection of altruistic demeanor. The adaptive benefit of altruist-detection depends upon whether the cues are reliable indicators of the likelihood to perform altruistic behaviours in the future. Perceivers may believe the cues are reliable, but it remains to be empirically demonstrated the degree to which the signals are honest (Grafen, 1990). A potential criticism of Experiment One and Two is that we test the altruism- Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 18 signalling hypothesis only from the point of view of the perceivers where we had substantial power to detect an altruist-detection effect. In response to this legitimate criticism we decided to investigate the altruism-signalling hypothesis from the point of view of the targets emotional displays. Specifically nonverbal behaviours of 10 altruists and 10 non-altruists were analyzed. This nonverbal behaviour analysis is exploratory. However based on Frank s (1988) theory predicting altruist detection certain nonverbal differences can be expected. For example Frank (1988) suggested that involuntary facial expressions should be more reliable indicators of future altruism. Four items that are under involuntary control were selected and expected to correlate with altruism level of the target and perceivers assessments of altruism, these were: (a) Degree of felt smile (or the Duchenne smile), (b) Concern furrows; (c) Time / smile; and (d) Smile symmetry. Frank s (1988) survey (as well as our own) of the nonverbal literature suggests that these nonverbal behaviours are under involuntary control. For example few individuals can manipulate the facial muscles (i.e., the corrugator supercilii) to produce a concern furrow voluntarily (Frank, 1988). Therefore one would expect these nonverbal cues to be expressed by altruists if they are transmitting index signals to others designed to indicate that they are an ideal partner for social dilemmas requiring trust. Alternatively Frank s (1988) hypothesis regarding commitment signaling does not necessarily suggest that voluntary nonverbal cues should exist for altruism. Three voluntary nonverbal behaviours were assessed: (a) Eyebrow flashes and raises; (b) Head nods; and (c) Open smiles. 8. Methods Experiment Three 8.1 Altruist and non-altruist target selection Introductory Psychology students (n = 123; 73 females and 50 males) with a mean age of (SD = 4.11) participated in the study to select altruists and nonaltruists in exchange for 1% credit toward grade. Participants completed the Altruism Scale (Johnson et al., 1989). Participants' scores were transformed into percentiles. The 90th percentile and above were categorised as altruists while the 10th percentile and below were categorised as non-altruists. Ten altruists (5 females, 5 males) and 10 non-altruists (5 females, 5 males) were contacted (by an experimenter blind to altruism level) and participated in the study for additional credit. The 20 individuals were each brought into the lab separately. Each target was asked to make a self-presentation (i.e. stating name, likes and dislikes). Close-up headshots of targets were video-taped. Concern for others was assessed on a 6-point likert scale by a group of thirty perceivers (13 males and 17 females; mean age = 21.08; SD = 4.41). Specifically 1 represented extremely unconcerned for others and 6 represented extremely Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 19 concerned for others. Mean scores for each target were aggregated from perceivers ratings. It is expected that perceivers ratings of concern for others would correlate with the nonverbal behaviours under involuntary control (but not the nonverbal behaviours under voluntary control). 8.2 Coding nonverbal expressions Two observers blind with respect to nature of study independently coded video targets. Observers coded nonverbal expressions with the audio portion of the tape turned off. Facial expressions were coded using items gathered from several nonverbal behaviour studies based on applicability to involuntary signalling hypothesis and conceptual links to affiliative behaviour (Grant, 1969; Rime et al., 1978; Shrout and Fiske, 1981; Ekman and Friesen, 1982; Noller and Gallois, 1986; Simpson, Gangestad and Biek, 1993). Items, definitions and inter-observer reliabilities can be seen in Table 4. Table 4 Nonverbal items, definitions and inter-observer reliabilities (all p s < 0.001). Item Definition Inter-observer reliability Degree of felt smile 6-point likert-scale rating of 0.83 orbicularis oculi activity Eyebrow flashes and raises Frequency of occurrence 0.84 Concern furrows Frequency of occurrence 0.89 Head nods Frequency of occurrence 0.85 Open smiles Frequency of occurrence 0.86 Time per smile Duration in seconds 0.92 Smile Symmetry 6-point likert-scale rating 0.83 Degree of felt smile (i.e. orbicularis oculi muscle activity the eye muscles that produce crow s feet) and smile symmetry were assessed on 6-point likert scales. For example 1 would represent extremely asymmetrical and 6 would represent extremely symmetrical. Smile asymmetry was defined as the left-side of the mouth being lower than the right-side. The remaining nonverbal behaviours were in frequencies or duration (in seconds). As seen in Table 3 inter-observer agreement for all items was greater than the.80 criteria for good reliability recommended by Martin and Bateson (1993). A target s nonverbal behaviour rating was aggregated by calculating the mean of the two observers assessments. Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume 20 9. Results Experiment Three To test whether or not altruists and non-altruists express different nonverbal behaviours during a self-presentation, point biserial correlation coefficients 6 were calculated. Altruism level (altruist vs. non-altruist) was entered as a dichotomous independent variable. Results are consistent with the altruism-signalling hypothesis. Specially altruists during a self-presentation produced significantly greater orbicularis oculi activity, more concern furrows, more head nods, shorter smiles and more symmetrical smiles than non-altruists (all r s (20) > 0.26, all p s <.05). Perceivers ratings of target concern appear to be tapping into the same factor as target altruism level as these two variables were highly correlated [point biserial r (20) =.81, p <.05]. As seen in Table 5, as perceivers ratings of targets concern for others increased, orbicularis oculi activity increased, concern furrows frequency increased, head nod frequency increased, smile duration decreased and the degree of target smile symmetry increased (all r s (20) > 0.23, all p s <.05). All other correlations were non-significant. Table 5 Correlations between target altruism level, target nonverbal behaviour, and perceivers ratings of target s concern for others. Nonverbal behaviour of target Targets altruism level Perceivers concern rating Degree of felt smile 0.30* 0.61* Eyebrow flashes and raises Concern furrows 0.26* 0.23* Head nods 0.51* 0.40* Open smiles Time per smile -0.44* -0.52* Smile Symmetry 0.72* 0.63* * Significant at < Discussion Experiment Three As expected there were significant nonverbal differences between altruists and non-altruists. Furthermore, these nonverbal differences correlate with concern ratings. Four nonverbal differences are of particular theoretical interest; felt smiling, concern furrows, smile duration, and smile symmetry. These four nonverbal behaviours are particularly difficult to fake since they are linked to spontaneous emotional expression (Ekman and Freisen, 1982; Gazzaniga and Smylie, 1990). Heartfelt smiles have extremely short durations (Ekman and Evolutionary Psychology ISSN Volume Open-ended Questions: Some Implications for Mail Survey Research Philip Gendall, Hara Menelaou and Mike Brennan This study analysed data from a mail survey to test two hypotheses about responses to open-ended 2 We have devoted ourselves and our staff to providing the highest level of personal services to our clients Workers Compensation Employment Litigation Personal Injury LACERA Retirements phone: (818) fax: (818) Please contact our firm for a free consultation Located in the Van Nuys Historic Library Building Sylvan Street Van Nuys, CA Making a false or fraudulent workers compensation claim is a felony subject to up to five years in prison or a fine up to $50,000 or double the value of the fraud, whichever is greater, or both imprisonment and fine 4 Welcome to the Twilight Zone Brian Moriguchi PPOA President Lieutenant, LASD The PPOA Board unanimously voted in favor of this legal defense plan and encourages you to vote in favor of it as well. 4 STAR&SHIELD APRIL 2014 These past few months have been nothing short of spectacular full of drama, excitement and the unbelievable. I am not sure if I am watching a real-life Twilight Zone or Ripley s Believe It or Not episode, or a new version of To Tell the Truth: federal indictments born from a pissing match between the feds and LASD, high-level promotions and sudden retirements, a crazy Sheriff s race followed by Will the Real President of ALADS Please Stand Up? It s a topsy-turvy rollercoaster ride for sure. If you re like me, you re looking forward to things calming down and order being restored. FEDERAL INDICTMENTS As of this writing, 21 Sheriff s Department employees have been indicted by the federal government (five of them PPOA members). These stemmed from the FBI investigation into use-offorce allegations in the County jails, specifically Men s Central Jail. However, very few of the indictments revolve around use of force. Most of the indictments involve obstruction of justice. Why? It is obvious that the FBI and the U.S. Attorney s Office are angry with LASD for how they treated their agents. So, in response, the feds indict a bunch of LASD folks, the highest being of lieutenant rank. Rather than having them surrender to authorities, they surround their houses with armed agents, order them and their loved ones out on the front lawn for display at 6 a.m. on the coldest day of the year, handcuff them and take them into custody. Of course they did not do this to every LASD employee, only the ones who really angered the feds. It is very obvious that the feds were sending a message, Don t with us! We all know, and I am sure the feds know as well, that those indicted were not acting on their own accord. They were directed to do so by those higher up in the food chain of the Department. That may or may not clear them of wrongdoing depending on their knowledge or intent, but I will leave that up to their defense attorneys. What I do know is that the feds targeted several individuals who were following orders and doing their jobs. I am sure I can anticipate my phones to be wiretapped and my family surveilled as a result of this article. Apparently that is standard operating procedure for the feds. So that brings us to the main topic of this issue of Star & Shield: a legal defense plan that covers employees for criminal conduct allegations. PPOA has maintained the lowest dues of any union I am aware of. Our dues structure is at 1% of top-step salary, while other unions, like ALADS, are at 1.25%. I have seen some unions as high as 1.75%. In fact, when you promote to sergeant, your dues actually decrease! But that also means we run PPOA on a shoestring: no Baker to Vegas parties, no river trips, no Raging Waters events. Like every other union, our basic dues structure does not cover criminal defense. Some unions provide no criminal defense, while others charge an extra fee for criminal defense coverage. Over a year ago, we anticipated the possibility of grand jury indictments and began looking into legal defense plans for our membership that provide criminal defense coverage. Although such coverage wouldn t help those already indicted, it would help employees in the future facing criminal allegations. We looked at several other associations legal defense plans and found that the Fraternal Order of Police (FOP) had the most reasonable coverage for the cost, just $5 per month. I encourage all of you to review the FOP plan information online at and judge for yourself if this is coverage you want. The PPOA Board unanimously voted in favor of this plan and encourages you to vote in favor of it as well. Ballots will be sent to the membership to decide, by bargaining unit, which members will participate in the FOP plan going forward. SHERIFF S ELECTION The Sheriff s election is a crowded field of current LASD executives, retired LASD executives and a couple of outsiders. Will PPOA get involved in this election? Of course. The L.A. County Sheriff is one of the most powerful law enforcement positions in the country and will directly impact our members well-being, working conditions and careers. We will be hosting a candidate forum in the near future, as well as conducting polling of our members and the public to determine which candidate should get PPOA s endorsement. This continued on page 19 5 Legal Defense Plan: The Time Is Now Paul K. Roller PPOA Executive Director We can buy full-coverage criminal and civil case insurance for all our members for just $5 a month all you have to do is vote yes. This past year has been a difficult one for the Sheriff s Department. The Sheriff and the Undersheriff have been forced out; 21 Department members have been indicted by the federal grand jury; a new two-tiered plan has been implemented, designed to have some deputies serve their entire career in the jails from deputy to chief; a new Inspector General has been commissioned by the Board of Supervisors to oversee the Sheriff s Department; and there is talk of a Civilian Oversight Commission as well. In addition, nearly 100 PPOA members have been called to testify in front of the grand jury. This has put a major strain on PPOA s finances, as we gave every one of those members a criminal attorney to represent them in preparation for their grand jury testimony. In addition, we are helping PPOA members indicted by the feds with their criminal attorney fees as they fight off these charges for just doing what they were ordered to do. Unfortunately, PPOA s current dues structure will not cover these types of excessive attorney fees for criminal defense. In order to fully cover every member s attorney fees (from administrative issues through criminal defense), PPOA would have to raise its dues structure anywhere from $20 to $40 per month. Obviously, that is not a reasonable solution. So what was the PPOA Board of Directors to do? After studying the issues for the past eight months, the Board has come up with a reasonable and affordable solution for the PPOA membership. We can buy full-coverage criminal and civil case insurance for all our members for just $5 a month all you have to do as an active member is vote yes on this insurance coverage when you get your ballot from PPOA later this month. All of you should have received the PPOA flyer on this plan last month. The Fraternal Order of Police (FOP) Legal Defense Plan is a self-funded plan that provides defense for criminal and civil actions arising out of the scope of your duties as a law enforcement professional. The plan has no limits on defense costs as long as you use an FOP plan attorney. All of this costs just $5 per month. How did we decide to use the FOP plan? First of all, every full-time active PPOA member is an FOP member membership is paid by PPOA. Second, the FOP plan we chose is the most affordable because of the FOP s size (350,000 members across the country). Third, since PPOA already covers all administrative issues for our members, we just needed a criminal and civil plan, which the FOP had. We also looked at what our brother law enforcement unions were doing in regard to criminal cases. Most of them were charging their members between $13 and $40 per month for criminal attorney coverage. But some of our best friends (the Association of Orange County Deputy Sheriffs, the Sacramento County Deputy Sheriff s Association and the Long Beach Police Officers Association all FOP members) were using the FOP plan and were happy with it. That sealed the deal. An affordable plan that everyone liked that covered criminal cases, all under the FOP umbrella: The plan was perfect for PPOA s needs. So the PPOA Board did its job to find the best, most affordable plan for our members whenever a criminal indictment is handed down even when you are just doing your job! Now it s up to you, the membership, to say yes in a vote to add this coverage to the services that PPOA already provides. The PPOA Board of Directors strongly urges all our members to vote yes when they receive their ballot on this issue later this month. This FOP plan protects everyone. It protects PPOA and its ability to continue to give our members the best service possible, and it protects you from financial catastrophe should you be charged with a crime while doing your job. The cost of $5 a month is less than 17 cents per day for the peace of mind that comes with career, personal and asset protection. Your cost for an entire year s coverage would only be $60 which would not even buy 15 minutes of a criminal attorney s time! An entire career s premium would only be $1,800 ($60 per year times 30 years) a small price to pay to save your house and other assets that might be used to pay a criminal attorney. This plan protects PPOA, but more importantly it protects you. Please vote yes when you receive your ballot. Your future may depend upon it! APRIL 2014 STAR&SHIELD 5 6 $5 Well Spent Unless You Have $100,000 in Your Savings Account Jim Blankenship PPOA Board Secretary Law Enforcement Tech, LASD For $5 a month, you will have peace of mind. Are you really willing to gamble that you don t need this protection? I want to talk this month about an important ballot that you will soon receive in the mail. Unit 621 members will be asked to vote on obtaining a legal defense plan to cover you in the event of dutyrelated civil or criminal action. In 2013, PPOA paid the highest amount for legal services in the past 20 years. For more than 60 years, PPOA labor reps and attorneys have represented members with grievances, IAB investigations and appeals for those unfortunate enough to find their employment terminated. However, in most cases PPOA does not provide (nor do most unions) coverage for members in criminal or civil cases. If there is consideration to move forward to cover a member who has extenuating circumstances, the PPOA Board has to hear from the member and make a decision. As you know, the federal grand jury indictments have left some PPOA members facing federal criminal charges. Our members believed they were carrying out lawful orders of their superiors, and thus it should be considered course and scope of their job. County counsel should be representing them, but the County has abandoned these folks. Therefore, the PPOA Board has decided to help. In today s times, the average cost of a criminal defense trial with a good lawyer ranges from $100,000 to $250,000. Now multiply that by the number of PPOA members in question and you are well into the million-dollar club. So, the Board has had a quite lengthy discussion about the future of ensuring the best protection for the membership. The Board was given a presentation from the Fraternal Order of Police (which we all are currently members of) regarding a legal defense fund established for FOP members nationwide. It is a self-funded plan that has been around since This plan would give you: Broad legal coverage No limit on defense costs when using a planapproved attorney The right to choose your own attorney Coverage for civil and criminal duty-related conduct So, how much does all of this cost? The cost is simply $5 a month or $2.50 per pay period. That s less than my wife s foofy Starbucks drink! For $5 a month, you will have peace of mind. It s just like auto insurance; the main reason we have it is because if we cause damage to another car or our own, most of us don t have the money sitting in the bank to cover the cost. Same thought process here if you get caught up in an on-duty incident, do you have $100,000 sitting around? I certainly don t. And remember, the County has shown that it will not represent you, depending on the circumstances. I know some of you will say that you don t need it because of the job you do. That may be true, but custody assistants, SOs, SAs, LET desk officers and civilian investigators you need to have this plan. Remember, that s $5 a month. That $5 could provide $100,000 or more in legal bills if you were caught up in a criminal or civil matter. Don t think it can t happen to Unit 621 members. There was a CA this past year caught up in a criminal matter. His representation is now up to $35,000 and counting. We, as a unit, will vote yes or no. A yes vote means that all 621 members will be covered and the $5 will be payroll-deducted. If 621 votes this down, it will be voluntary to have the plan. You can still have it payroll-deducted. If you are of the mindset to say no to this, I ask you: Are you really willing to gamble that you don t need this protection because you won t ever get in trouble on duty, be accused of wrongdoing or be caught up in a scandal where management thinks you are part of the problem? I vote yes, for peace of mind. Until next time, stay safe, my friends. Connect with PPOA on Facebook Get daily posts from PPOA regarding discount offers, event announcements, public safety alerts, pension attack updates, contest giveaways and more. 6 STAR&SHIELD APRIL 2014 7 Which Do You Value More: One and a Half Cups of Coffee or Your Career? Jody Clounch PPOA Board Member Security Officer, LASD This is really a no-brainer when the devastation of being arrested or sued in today s market is so expensive. In the near future, we are going to be given the opportunity to vote to participate in a legal defense plan for PPOA members. I will tell you that once upon a time I was a skeptic and thought that I would never get in trouble at all, and certainly there is no way I would ever do anything criminal. Why waste a good five bucks that could get me a cup and a half of coffee? Today, I don t see it that way. Not after 20 indictments of people who probably followed orders and who not only have families but also may very well lose houses, cars and belongings because of no paycheck and huge attorney bills. I have a personal friend who has been to court 14 times and his case is still ongoing. How much do you think that costs, and what can you afford at $250 to $700 per hour? Yes, that is the cost of today s attorneys. Now, I look at the $5 monthly fee for the legal defense plan as an insurance policy against dummies who will sue for anything. We don t have to do anything wrong to be sued, trust me. There are people looking for deep pockets every day, and if they can reach into yours, they will. If you re ever involved in a use of force, you may be sued. If you make a logical but wrong decision, you could be sued. If you are at work and with somebody who does the wrong thing, you could be sued. I get that, now after 13 years of service with the Sheriff s Department. It is not a matter of if one of us is falsely accused or inappropriately sued, it is when. The proposed plan is offered by the Fraternal Order of Police (FOP) through PPOA, and is an honor to have available for sworn and non-sworn personnel. The FOP just launched a major campaign opposing a federal appointment of a lawyer who defended a cop killer and actively protested in rallies for that convicted cop killer. The FOP has prevailed thus far in that controversy. They are a force to be reckoned with and everybody knows it. The FOP is nationwide and a strong organization to be allied and associated with. This is really a no-brainer when the devastation of being arrested or sued in today s market is so expensive. This plan gives broad legal defense coverage, which is important because it covers a wider variety of issues that we may get involved in within our bargaining unit. Most important of all, there are no limits on defense costs. This is huge to you, your family and all of the things you have worked so hard to obtain. Career, personal and asset protection is also included for peace of mind. This plan covers duty-related conduct, so it won t help if you do something off-duty in your personal choices, but for a measly $5 per month, full-time on-duty protection is priceless. I m in as soon as it is available and I would recommend that you seriously consider the opportunity with me. I would say What do you have to lose? but I have already mentioned how much an attorney costs per hour. Be sure to vote. Retired PPOA member Claude Anderson has been drawing cartoons for Star & Shield since Claude says he was asked to keep drawing cartoons until he came up with a funny one it has now been 40+ years and he s still drawing! Claude has now published three books of cartoons based on his training days at Firestone Station, and they can be purchased online at or by calling (888) Thank you for your dedication, Claude! APRIL 2014 STAR&SHIELD 7 8 Shields, CARPing and Three Things to Watch With Inmates Danya Hazen PPOA Board Member Custody Assistant, LASD I know you have been anxious to hear about our shields. Here is the latest: The uniform specs have been changed to reflect the entire uniform with the addition of the Custody shield. The contract for badges is in the bidding process to find out how much it will cost. PPOA has agreed to help the Department pay for them. Hopefully, that helps relieve any confusion. Basically, we re waiting for the wheels to roll, but I m sorry it has taken so long. I assure you we are on the right track. CARPing is an issue we all hate because it was essentially shoved down our throats. Sheriff Scott has said the termination date will be July The phase-out starts with detectives this July and ends with Custody next year. It is what it is, but at least they realize we need relief! Three things to watch with inmates: 1. It has recently been discovered that inmates are preventing the gates from closing and locking shut. As you can imagine, this has created severe problems in an environment in which constant vigilance is required. You must double-check when working a booth. Check the light to see that all is secure and follow that with a physical check. 2. Don t allow yourself to be set up by an inmate. Recently, a K10 area deputy walked in to assist an inmate and the trusty shut the door behind the deputy. He was alone in the cell with the inmate and the fight was on. 3. A custody assistant was doing a Title-15 check when the inmate grabbed him by the neck. The CA struggled to get his radio and put out a call for help while fighting with the inmate. Remember that custody assistants are covered by 4850 time. If you are working with inmates and get injured, you are covered. If you are injured during training, you are covered. If you have to fight for your time, do it! If you get injured and an inmate saw it happen, ask them to write down their name, booking number and what they saw. The most recent custody assistant class graduated on March 28. Be professional and help your new partners. Lastly, please be sure to vote yes for PPOA s legal defense plan when your ballot arrives this month. We all need that protection! PPOA Interviews Sheriff Scott Shortly after his appointment as Los Angeles County Sheriff, John Scott spent an afternoon at PPOA to record an exclusive video interview. The discussion between Sheriff Scott and PPOA President Brian Moriguchi covered a number of significant topics, including the infamous cigar patio, CARPing, dual-track career path and more. The video is available to view at PPOA 8 STAR&SHIELD APRIL 2014 10 PPOA DELEGATES MEETING Nearly 100 PPOA delegates gathered for an informative meeting at Quiet Cannon last month. Special thanks to guest speakers Sheriff John Scott and Sergeant Astrid McDuffie. The Sheriff took time from his busy schedule to talk to the delegates about a few of the issues he s currently tackling and opened the floor for a number of interesting questions from the audience. Topics included career paths, morale, promotions, politics and more. Sergeant McDuffie spoke about her role with the Safety Management Unit and obfuscate delivered an eye-opening presentation about the danger of communicable diseases at stations, jails, crime scenes and beyond. 10 STAR&SHIELD APRIL 2014 11 Star & Shield Contest Winners PPOA 2014 College Scholarship Program We are proud to announce that 12 scholarships worth $13,500 total will be available to help further education for PPOA members and their dependents. Visit for criteria and application. Deadline to apply is May 16, Congratulations to the PPOA members below for winning the Find the Hidden Word contest in Star & Shield. If your name is listed, that means your entry was drawn as one of the winners for that month s issue. Please Greg Torres at to claim your $100 check. $100 Prize Winners (January 2014 issue) Richard Combs, retired Miguel Monteverde-Diaz, Custody Assistant Bennett Seno, retired Yoav Shalev, Sergeant Mary Wright, Custody Assistant APRIL 2014 STAR&SHIELD 11 12 Rookies Roost By Bob Lindsey (LASD ret.) Congratulations to John Scott, the new 10-month Los Angeles County Sheriff. Best wishes on filtering through the misinformation and trying to reach the truth of the depth of disintegration since you departed in the early 2000s. Whatever the next 10 months holds, I promise you this: There is plenty to be said and it will be said. It needs to be said. Let s just support our new Sheriff in his 10-month endeavor, which will have only scratched the surface before he heads back to the OC and to a Sheriff that we all adore. Let s pray that the new Sheriff who follows will continue reforms that need to be done to make this a great LASD once again. Judi (Cobb) Possnack: You have to have the most beautiful penwomanship I have seen in a long time. Retired sergeant from the Training Bureau and retired psychotherapist: Exactly what did you do to those cadets minds that we should be concerned with? You are a Laughlin Roundup regular, and how cool is it that you call your husband your handsome, hunky hubby? Retired in 1980 with 10 grandchildren and five great-grandchildren, your legacy has exploded maybe because of your hunky husband, Dave. Kudos, Dave. May God bless you in your travels and may you continue to achieve more friendships than you have already obtained throughout the years. Your personality flies off the paper and I am certain you can double that in person. May your achievements overflow at the Shepherd s Grove for others to find their way. Ray Salazar of Nipomo: You are shortly going to be 85 years in the making, with one-third of that spent in the service of the Sheriff at PPOA 14th Annual Fishing Trip July 18, 2014 Departs from Long Beach (180 Marina Drive, Seaport Village) for fishing near Catalina and local waters. 6 a.m. to 5 p.m. $35 per PPOA member (+1 guest at $35). Coffee and lunch provided by PPOA. Call PPOA to pay for your spot (first come, first served): (323) STAR&SHIELD APRIL 2014 pre-employment, Carson Station and other fulfilling assignments. May you and Connie enjoy all your travel, the history you pursue in national and state parks and the whoppers you catch in your freshwater and ocean fishing. Thanks for your service and thanks for sharing. Ron the man Melton: Miss you, sir. I certainly could use your advice now and then more now. It is great to see that you are using your policing expertise at Staples, Nokia and the Oakland Coliseum. I m jealous about your European escapades. Congrats that you not only have the courage to travel, but you also do it with three grandkids hanging on your hip. My idol. They will never forget. God bless, Ron, and thanks for your 32 years of exemplary service. Edward Ward of San Juan Capistrano and your lovely wife Valerie: So you like classic cars. I just picked up a 1931 Chevy and I can t keep my wife out of it. The problem is I m not in it. I need some tips. It appears that you are going to be 81 and you still volunteer for bike patrol on the beach. I need an immediate transfusion from you. I don t even care if the blood matches. Maybe yours will take over and I will be a young man again. Enjoy Europe, but most of all, Sergeant Ward, thanks again for 33½ years of living in the greatest Department that will ever be, and for taking the time to write. Terrel Richmond of Springfield, Oregon: Terry, looks like you re approaching the 82 marker. Thirty-two years of service and retired in Parkinson s disease is nothing when you have a partner like Barbara for 54 years. Your story, like so many, is unique but familiar. The homes you lived in when residing in Walnut and San Jacinto merely paved the way to Oregon, where you are now close to beloved family. A U.S. Air Force colonel and major crimes expert are but mere commendations compared to the lives you have touched and changed. You mentioned Leo Cheney, Gil Figueroa and Al Juliano as close friends and LASD associates. You have expressed an open invitation, so watch out, as we just visited the coast of Oregon and my wife purchased an old Hotpoint stove in Depoe Bay. I told her it wouldn t fit on the plane. Guess who was right, again? Guess who is making me drive back, again? May God bless you and your family, Terry. George Seaman (photo at right) of Palacios, Texas: 80 years old and 27 years with LASD. You reveled in assisting Biscailuz, Pitchess and Block the triple threat. You saw airplane collisions, the Watts riots and the Manson case, and had real doughnuts freshly baked with bottled milk. Your ability to manufacture golf clubs took you to Texas, Taiwan and back to Texas, where you traded the clubs for a broker s license. That is a hole in one. What don t you do? Don t answer. Yes, I know, you were also a deputy sheriff in Texas. George Seaman Walker Texas Deputy Ranger. Don t answer that, George. Then you have the nerve to tell me you may find some other profession now? Don t answer that either, George. You Texas people work too hard. What s for breakfast? I m coming over. Until next time God bless one and all. P.S. PPOA continues to receive completed surveys from our retirees who are proud military veterans (more information in the September 2013 issue of Star & Shield, available online at The latest is below. Thank you for your service, Bob! Bob Braman, LASD ret Navy, Special Intel Team II, Vietnam. Commendations/medals: Presidential Unit, Navy Unit, Meritorious Conduct, Vietnam Campaign and more. The biggest and bloodiest battle I participated in was an all-night, hand-to-hand fight in a bar in Subic Bay, Philippines. 13 Retiree Events Retired Deputies Lunch Meeting April 17 Glendale Elks Lodge Retired Marshal s Luncheon May 7 Northwoods Inn, La Mirada Norwalk Station Alumni Reunion May 8 Westridge Golf Club, La Habra 5:30 p.m. Info: (562) Former L.A. Deputy Sheriffs in Texas Luncheon May 17 Ninfa s Restaurant, Waco 11 a.m. RSVP: Dan Castillo, 30-Year Reunion for LASD Academy Class #221 May 29 Palms Hotel Club Red Info: Beth Smith, (323) Retired Marshals Luncheon June 4 Yang Chow Restaurant, Pasadena 33rd Annual McArthur Reunion June Inter-Mountain Fairgrounds, McArthur Century Station 20th Anniversary August 9 Century Station 1 p.m. to 6 p.m. Info: (323) East L.A. Station 90th Anniversary September 27 Two events: ELA Station 11 a.m., Steven s Steakhouse 6 p.m. Current and former station personnel encouraged to attend Info: (323) th Annual PPOA Retiree Luncheon October 15 Sheraton Fairplex, Pomona Info: (323) Lakewood ROMEOs Luncheons Second Monday of each month Wuzz Fuzz/Victor Valley Second Tuesday of each month Hometown Buffet Victorville, 7:30 a.m. L.A. County Retired Deputies First Wednesday of each month Carrows, Hesperia 11:00 a.m. Retired D.A. Investigators Lunch First Wednesday of each month Frantone s Alondra Boulevard, Cerritos,11:00 a.m. Info: Wes English, (714) Inland Empire Old Guys First Wednesday of each month B.C. Café, Rancho Cucamonga 11:30 a.m. Info: Dock Parnell, (909) The Motherlode Loafers Second Wednesday of each month Location varies among Grass Valley restaurants Info: Desert Heat Lunch Second Wednesday of each month Elks Club, Lake Havasu Retired Deputies in Las Vegas Third Wednesday of each month Blue Ox Tavern on Sahara 12:00 p.m. Info: Tony Silas, (702) Compton Alumni Association Third Wednesday of each month Crystal Hotel & Casino 12:00 p.m. North County SEB Retirees Breakfast Third Wednesday of each month IHOP, Santa Clarita Santa Clarita Area Retired Sheriff s Personnel Quarterly Luncheon Second Thursday in February, May, August and November Tournament Players Club restaurant, Valencia, 11:30 a.m. Info: END OF WATCH PPOA EXTENDS CONDOLENCES TO THE FAMILIES AND FRIENDS OF THE FOLLOWING MEMBERS WHO RECENTLY PASSED AWAY: January 2014: Patricia Branley Robert DeBry Timothy Farmer Gene Hopkins Harold Hough Enrique Leon Michael Luzzi LaGene Peck Raul Rodriguez February 2014: Dell Freeman Luther Lanier APRIL 2014 STAR&SHIELD 13 14 8th Annual Peace Officer Memorial Golf Tournament Sponsored by Hayes & Cunningham, LLP Hosted by L.A. County PPOA and its Star & Shield Foundation June 9, 2014 Friendly Hills Country Club 8500 S. Villaverde Drive Whittier, CA :00 a.m. Registration 10:30 a.m. Shotgun Start 4:00 p.m. Dinner Banquet, Awards, Raffle, Auction Every golfer receives three meals, open bar, golf shirt, Titleist Pro V1 golf balls, memorial T-shirt and $100 gift card to use that morning at the tournament store, featuring FootJoy and Titleist. Ample food and drinks on course, including BBQ, beer, tacos, margaritas and more. Statistics tell us that somewhere in the United States, a peace officer is killed in the line of duty every 53 hours. And no state has laid to rest more officers than our very own California. That s a distinction none of us wants, but it is the reality that peace officers face every day. The Star & Shield Foundation was established by PPOA in 1999 to provide assistance to members of the law enforcement community in need, most notably the families of peace officers killed in the line of duty. The proceeds from this Peace Officer Memorial Golf Tournament support law enforcement personnel and their families in times of crisis. Financial assistance from the Star & Shield Foundation also helps surviving family members attend annual memorial ceremonies in Los Angeles County, Sacramento and Washington, D.C. The Star & Shield Foundation is grateful for the support from our tournament sponsors and participants. Your generosity goes a long way in honoring the sacrifices made by peace officers and their loved ones left behind. Friendly Hills Country Club is noted for its spectacular beauty and considered one of the finest and most challenging courses in the Los Angeles/Orange County area. The cost to support this cause as a golfer is $250. If you would like to participate as a sponsor, auction/raffle item donor or event volunteer, please call the PPOA office at (800) 747-PPOA. All donations are tax deductible to the extent of the law under 501(c) (3) tax ID # Please make checks payable to PPOCF and mail them to: PPOA Memorial Golf Tournament 188 E. Arrow Highway San Dimas, CA Tournament brochure is available at Registration Registration deadline: May 19, 2014 Name Company Address Phone Shirt size (circle one): S M L XL Individual golfer $250 Foursome $900 ADDITIONAL PLAYERS Name Shirt size Name Shirt size Name Shirt size SPONSORSHIPS Tournament $20,000 (12 golfers)* SOLD Gold $10,000 (8 golfers)* Silver $5,000 (4 golfers)* Bronze $1,000 (2 golfers)* Golf shirt $5,000 (4 golfers)* SOLD Memorial T-shirt $7,500 (4 golfers)* SOLD Dinner banquet $5,000 (4 golfers)* SOLD Golf towel $5,000 (4 golfers)* In Their Honor video $1,000 (1 golfer)* SOLD Pin flag $2,500 (2 golfers)* Golf cart $2,500 (2 golfers)* Beverage $1,500 (2 golfers)* Food $1,000 Contest $1,000 Tee $250 *Sponsorships marked with asterisks above may add additional golfers for $200 each. I cannot participate, but I would like to support such a worthy event. Enclosed is my tax-deductible donation in the amount of $. Total enclosed (payable to PPOCF ): $. Please call PPOA with any questions: (800) 747-PPOA 14 STAR&SHIELD APRIL 2014 16 California Peace Officers Memorial Foundation CALIFORNIA STATE INCOME TAX CHECK-OFF PROGRAM In 1999, Governor Gray Davis, in an overt expression of support for our peace officer heroes and their surviving families, signed into law Senate Bill 1230 authored by Senator John Burton. This law allows taxpayers to make voluntary contributions on their personal state income tax returns to the California Peace Officers Memorial Foundation (CPOMF). The process is simple. When completing your California Resident Income Tax Return, enter a dollar amount under California Peace Officer Memorial Foundation Fund in the Contributions section of your tax form. Importantly, the law specifies that all contributions must be used to maintain the California Peace Officers Memorial and for activities in support of the surviving families of those gallant men and women peace officers who have made the ultimate sacrifice. The more than 100,000 professional peace officers serving you in California urge your support and participation in this most worthwhile project. Get more information at We appreciate your support! New Contest in 2014! 300 REASONS WHY IT PAYS TO READ StarShield & THREE $100 PRIZES New for 2014, every issue of Star & Shield will feature a different hidden word. The word will be hidden in articles only and will be used only once in the entire magazine your challenge is to find it! Members who find the hidden word and register through our website ( by the end of this month will be entered into a drawing for one of three $100 prizes. Contest ends April 30, 2014, at 11:59 p.m. PST. This month s hidden word is: Obfuscate Verb: render obscure, unclear or unintelligible. 16 STAR&SHIELD APRIL 2014 Online registration only. Please do not call the PPOA office to register for contest. This giveaway is open to PPOA members only. You must be 18 or older to win. 17 Always Opt for Representation When You Are in Trouble, But Be Flexible By Michael P. Stone and Ted Dokko, Stone Busailah, LLP Insisting on one specific attorney may mean you will go without representation. For an example, let s take a look at Quezada v. City of Los Angeles (January 8, 2014, B245879), Cal. Rptr 3rd, Cal. App. 2nd Dist. THE FACTS Three Los Angeles Police Department officers, two male and one female, finished their regular work shift at 11 p.m. and went to a local bar. While the female officer only had one drink, the two male officers consumed numerous drinks and became intoxicated. They left the bar at 2 a.m. and returned to pick up their cars from the station parking lot. The female officer was talking on her cellphone when she turned around at the sound of five or six gunshots. Believing that one or both of her drinking companions had discharged his gun, she disarmed them both. Other officers from the station responded to the scene and the three officers were ordered back on duty by their sergeant and were separated from one another. An Internal Affairs investigation commenced immediately. The three officers requested that they be represented by an individual panel attorney. That attorney, however, was not available until late in the evening because he had prior interviews for other LAPD clients scheduled with LAPD Internal Affairs. The attorney advised the three officers that he could represent them at 9 p.m. Internal Affairs determined that the situation was exigent and required the officers to be interrogated that day, whether or not their requested attorney could represent them. The interrogation of the three officers began at 2:30 p.m., without the presence of the requested attorney. The three officers filed suit for violation of their POBRA rights. The trial court granted the City s motion for summary judgment. The three officers appealed, but the Court of Appeal affirmed the trial court s decision. THE HOLDING The court determined that even though the officers were at times deprived of access to food and water and kept awake for 30 hours while the two male officers were still drunk and/or hung over, their POBRA rights were not violated because the officers had access to food, water and restrooms during their actual interrogation. The Court of Appeal noted that the officers did not request medical attention and concluded that the fact that the officers had been awake for many hours before being interrogated was a result of the incident occurring after they had been on duty for many hours and not because of the Department s unreasonable actions. More importantly, the court found that the officers were not entitled to wait until their requested attorney was available. The court has taken the holding from Upland Police Officers Association v. City of Upland (111 Cal. App. 4th 1294), which requires that an officer choose a representative who is reasonably available and quantified that reasonable availability to mean available at least within the six and a half hours after his or her services are requested. The attorney in this case was requested at 8 a.m. and the interrogations began at 2:30 p.m., without the attorney s presence. In doing so, the court relied on the Department s justification that the seriousness of the circumstances the drunken random firing of shots by off-duty officers required the investigation to be conducted at the earliest opportunity while the officers memories were freshest. THE RULE FOR YOU Since the Court of Appeal accepted the questionable assumption that the interrogation must be completed while memories remain the freshest, any members who find themselves confronted with the need for representation should contact their preferred attorney immediately. However, members should also be prepared to contact other attorneys in case their preferred attorney cannot represent them due to scheduling conflicts. The Court of Appeal noted that the three officers did not seek alternate representation when Internal Affairs would not reschedule the preferred attorney s other interrogations in order to represent the three officers. To sum this up, be flexible anticipate these problems and be prepared to deal with them. Your police association maintains a list of approved panel, LDF or FOP attorneys. Get help in locating alternate lawyers! Michael P. Stone is the founding partner of Stone Busailah, LLP, a Southern California police defense and litigation firm. Ted Dokko is an associate lawyer in the firm. Dream BIG. POPA Signature Loans Rates As Low As 7.20%APR * Apply Today & Get an Instant Decision! Federally Insured by NCUA. *APR=Annual Percentage Rate. Rate shown reflects a 0.50% discount for POPA Checking with Direct Deposit and 0.25% discount for estatements enrollment. Some restrictions may apply. Loan approval is subject to credit and income evaluation. Consumer loan rates may vary depending on credit worthiness, term, and the amount financed. Rates, terms, and conditions are subject to change without notice. Payment example: For every $1,000 borrowed at 7.20%APR for 60 months, the monthly payment would be $ APRIL 2014 STAR&SHIELD 17 18 90 Percent of Disabling Accidents Are Not Work-Related Are You Prepared? By Eddie Holmes, PPOA Insurance Agency Manager Insurance is a necessity few can live without. The death or disability of a loved one can cause permanent financial damage. Without the ability to handle debts, mortgages, college tuitions or other expenses, many families are ruined. With this in mind, the PPOA Insurance Agency is now offering an Accidental Term Life Insurance with an Accident Only income benefit. This will provide the benefit you need at a very affordable price. This program is for those of you concerned about the loss of income due to an accidental death or total disability. Most likely, as you are reading this you are saying to yourself, That won t happen to me. The statistics tell a very different story. More than 90 percent of disabling accidents are not work-related (Commissioners Disability Table, 1998). Disability is the leading cause of bankruptcies (Health Affairs, February 2, 2005). Only 68 percent of U.S. adults are covered by life insurance, which means one-third of Americans have no coverage ( Facts About Life, LIMRA International, 2006). This plan offers a maximum monthly benefit of $1,800 or 60 percent of your gross monthly salary, whichever is less. Benefits are payable after a 90-day wait for benefits, and payments continue for up to two years while you are totally disabled. Your policy pays a death benefit if you die as a result of a covered accident. If your policy is in force at age 75, the return of premium rider returns some or all of the premiums paid for the policy. If you terminate the policy early, you may receive some of your premiums paid, starting in the sixth year. The amount returned is reduced by any benefits paid. There are other features, but I thought I would highlight three of the main features. This is available for spouses as well. The Professional Peace Officers Insurance Agency is here to help you design an insurance or financial plan that works for you. Feel free to give us a call at (909) for a no-obligation review of your insurance and retirement needs. By the way, our PPOA Insurance representatives have been busy going unit to unit to visit with members and discuss insurance needs. This month, you can find them at San Dimas Station on April 22 and at Norwalk Station on April 29. If you d like to schedule a visit at your unit, please call us. PPOA INSURANCE AGENCY All PPOA members are eligible to purchase valuable insurance coverage from the PPOA Insurance Agency (PPOIA). This agency was established in 2012 in order to help PPOA members protect themselves and their families, while saving money and gaining peace of mind. Call (909) for information. PPOA.com HEADLINES The following is a partial list of breaking news links posted at last month. Visit the PPOA website to stay up to date on the news affecting Los Angeles County s current and retired peace officers. LASD Says DNA Links Career Criminal to Teen s 1991 Cold Case Murder Officers Fear Body Cameras Raise Privacy Concerns Suspect Wounded in Deputy-Involved Shooting in Lancaster LASD Says Skeletal Remains May Be Linked to Cold Murder Case Palmdale Station Personnel Rescue Survivors of Glider Crash LASD Sergeant Weighs in on Uncertain Future of Police Horses Race for L.A. County Sheriff: First Public Debate Brings Out Barbs Deputies Seize 600 Marijuana Plants From La Puente Business Deputies Seize 200+ High-End Appliances in Burglary Ring Deputies Arrest Suspect Wanted for 60+ Cases of Vandalism Deputies Arrest Former Irwindale Officer for Kidnapping, Sex Assault SCV Station s New Commander Talks Shop LASD Deputies Among Group Honored for Fighting Hate Crimes U.S. Attorney Discusses LASD Indictments and More California Anti-Pension Initiative Accused of Misleading Voters Deputies Arrest Suspect in Slaying of 67-Year-Old Minister TSB Detectives Arrest Suspect in Metro Station Beating Sheriff s Sergeant Among Candidates Vying for Arcadia Council Seat LASD Among Agencies in Early Morning Altadena Raid Deputies Arrest Suspect for Cyberstalking Rape Threat 18 STAR&SHIELD APRIL 2014 19 Brian Moriguchi continued from page 4 is an important race, and I hope all our members will participate in our polling and attend the forum to hear directly from the candidates. ALADS In December 2013, then-president Floyd Hayhurst was defeated by Armando Macias for the president position at ALADS. In recent weeks, the L.A. Times reported that the battle for the ALADS presidency has continued and changed several times. In fact, it has changed four times in one week! Why is this important to PPOA? There are several reasons. We would like to work with ALADS on several critical issues that impact both unions membership: CARPing, promotions, etc. We have reached out to Macias to begin working on these issues, something Hayhurst was unwilling to do. We also both have contract negotiations starting up later this year, and the turmoil at ALADS hurts those negotiation efforts, showing the County that ALADS is divided and not unified as a union. It is never good for unions to appear divided during negotiations. We, as cops, are used to being in charge and getting our way. It is often difficult accepting defeat, but ALADS would be wise to look at how politicians embroiled in a fierce election battle make concessions for the betterment of their constituents when they lose. I hope the ALADS board members put the membership s needs before their own and resolve this issue... soon. We have heard a lot of complaints from ALADS members, and I encourage ALADS members to stand by their union and not to jump ship to other unions, including PPOA. This leadership battle will soon be over (I hope), and the strength of ALADS will be restored. Strength comes from unity. Stand by your union. Mystery Photo The first PPOA member to correctly ID the individual in this photo will win a PPOA prize pack. One guess per person. your guess to Did you know that PPOA Facebook followers regularly get first crack at solving mystery photos, along with opportunities to win prizes? Check it out for yourself at Attention PPOA Members hield 10/1 We need your personal (non-lasd) address! If you have not received an blast from PPOA in the last six months (we ve sent a handful), that means: 1. Your address is not on file with PPOA, or 2. We have only your LASD-provided address (which is regularly blocked from receiving PPOA blasts). Either way, we need your personal (non-lasd) address so that we can disseminate important news to you as quickly as possible. Please your address to and reference updates in the subject line. BETTER VISION AT ANY AGE My implants are better than anyone else s! Thank you Dr. Khanna for restoring my vision. Please call , mention my name and get your complimentary copy of the best-selling book The Miracle of Pi in Eye. Michael City Attorney, former Detective Rajesh Khanna M.D. Choice of cops, detectives, doctors and celebrities like Brenda Song (The Social Network), Judi Shekoni (Breaking Dawn), Kevin Sorbo (Hercules), Butch Patrick (Munsters) benefits of making pre-arrangements 1. Avoid making decisions at a difficult time 2. Buy what you want, not what survivors feel you deserve (emotional overspending) 3. Secure today s preferred pricing, not tomorrow s going rate 4. Rose Hills convenient payment plans exclusively for LA Sheriffs and their families: Double depth burial for two: or 10% discount for pre-need cemetery property or funeral services Call for a free 30-minute, no obligation appointment Mark Ortega, Community Service Counselor *plus endowment care fee License #0D04129 Rose Hills Mortuary, Whitter #FD970 $5,280* INSURANCE APRIL 2014 STAR&SHIELD 19 20 Total Dues Paid 2013 To aid members in the preparation of their personal tax returns for 2013, the following lists the full year-end dues totals for members paying dues for the entire year. If you were not a PPOA member for the entire calendar year, please contact Clare at (323) Please note that each year a portion of the dues is used for lobbying expenses and is not deductible by members on their personal income tax returns. For 2013, the nondeductible percentage is 10 percent, meaning that 90 percent of a member s total dues are tax-deductible. UNIT CLASSIFICATION DUES 612 Lieutenant Lieutenant, DA Sergeant Supervising Investigator, DA Criminalist Forensic Identification Specialist I Forensic Identification Specialist II Senior Criminalist Crime Lab Tech Civilian Investigator Court Services Specialist Crime Analyst Custody Assistant Law Enforcement Technician Public Response Dispatcher I Public Response Dispatcher II Public Response Dispatcher Specialist Supervising Public Response Dispatcher Security Assistant Security Officer Supv. Coroner s Investigator I Supv. Coroner s Investigator II Captain Captain, DA Commander Deputy IV (full member) Deputy (PPOA full member, not ALADS) Senior Investigator, DA Service Member Retired Member Retired Member prior to January 1, Whether it s a Lexus, Acura or Honda, let me assist you with your next new vehicle selection. Call or me to schedule an appointment. Our dealerships are family owned and operated with strict professionalism. Your complete satisfaction is guaranteed. 45 Auto Center Drive Tustin, CA E La Palma Avenue Anaheim, CA Robert Bob Berardi LASD Active Sales and Leasing (714) MacArthur Boulevard Newport Beach, CA E La Palma Avenue Anaheim, CA /13 Calendar of Events These events and more can be found on PPOA s online calendar at you know of a Department-related event we can help promote? details to April 13: PPOA Heroes Ride Hollywood Bowl & Sunset Strip Proceeds benefit families of fallen officers and wounded vets (See page 9 for details) May 3: LASAA Bench Press & Deadlift Contest STARS Center, Whittier Weigh-in: 7 a.m. May 5: California Peace Officers Memorial Ceremony Capitol Mall, Sacramento May 8: Norwalk Station Alumni Reunion Westridge Golf Club, La Habra 5:30 p.m. Info: (562) May 15: National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Ceremony Washington, D.C. May 17: Retirement party for Sgt. John Bomben Santa Clarita Activities Center 6:30 p.m. Info: Deputy Keith Greene, (661) , ext May 21: L.A. County Peace Officers Memorial Ceremony STARS Center, Whittier 10 a.m. May 29: 30-Year Reunion for LASD Academy Class #221 Palms Hotel Club Red Info: Beth Smith, (323) June 5: LASAA Summer Slam Racquetball Tournament Meridian Club, Fullerton June 9: 8th Annual Peace Officer Memorial Golf Tournament Friendly Hills Country Club, Whittier Proceeds benefit families of fallen officers (See page 14 for details) June 21-29: U.S. Police & Fire Championships San Diego July 18: PPOA 14th Annual Fishing Trip Long Beach and beyond Info: (323) August 9: Century Station 20th Anniversary Century Station 1 p.m. to 6 p.m. Info: (323) September 27: East L.A. Station 90th Anniversary Two events: ELA Station 11 a.m., Steven s Steakhouse 6 p.m. Current and former station personnel encouraged to attend Info: (323) STAR&SHIELD APRIL 2014 Clarification Benefits outlined in this booklet are dependent upon qualification and considered by the sponsoring body or organization on a case-by-case basis Visit us online at www.bluecoatsofmedinacounty.org

Skolkovo resident cybersecurity startup Group-IB has helped Russian police to detain or prosecute hackers from three criminal gangs in the last two months. This week, Group-IB, an international company specializing in the prevention of cyberattacks and the development of information security products, helped police to detain hackers who had broken into the accounts of 700,000 customers of popular Internet stores, just a week after a Moscow court handed out jail sentences to twin brothers who had led a hacker group, after Group-IB investigators gave expert witness testimony to the court. In the most recent case, Group-IB helped Russia’s Interior Ministry to detain two cybercriminals who were breaking into and stealing the accounts of loyalty program members from popular online stores, payment systems and bookmakers. The targets of the attack included PayPal, Ulmart, Biglion, KupiKupon and Groupon. In total, about 700,000 accounts were compromised, 2,000 of which the hackers put up for sale for $5 each, Group-IB said in a statement on Wednesday. “The detainees admitted on the spot that they had earned at least 500,000 rubles ($8,000). However, the real amount of damage remains to be determined,” the statement said. In the course of the investigation, Group-IB specialists established the identities of the intruders. The investigation began in November 2015, after a large-scale cyberattack was made on the website of a large online store to gain access to the personal accounts of the store’s loyalty program members, who received bonuses for purchases. In a month, about 120,000 accounts were compromised, Group-IB said. It was discovered that the attackers had collected compromised account information from various Internet services on hacker forums and used special programs to automatically guess passwords of accounts on the website of the online store. “The cybercriminals took advantage of the fact that many users of the website use the same login/password pair on several resources,” Group-IB said. “If the logins and passwords came up on the website of the store under attack, they hacked those personal accounts. The hackers checked the amount of the accumulated bonuses and sold the compromised accounts on hacker forums at a price of $5 per account or 20-30% of the nominal balance of the accounts. The buyers then used them to pay for products with the bonuses.” To cover their tracks and hamper the companies’ security services, the hackers launched their attacks from different IP-addresses, using anonymizers and changing the digital fingerprint of the browser, Group-IB reported. In the course of the investigation, Group-IB specialists established the identities of the intruders. The leader of the group was a resident of the Ryazan region, born in 1998, while his partner, who provided technical support for their joint online store, resided in the Astrakhan region and was born in 1997. In May 2018, both were detained by Russian police specialising in cybercrime. During a search, evidence of their unlawful activities was seized, along with narcotics. The detainees were charged with illegally accessing computer information and the illegal acquisition, storage or transportation of drugs. The suspects have confessed, and the investigation continues, according to Group-IB. Last week, the Savelovsky District Court of Moscow convicted members of the hacker group headed by twin brothers from St. Petersburg, Dmitry and Evgeny Popelysh. From March 2013 to May 2015, the Popelysh brothers’ group gained access to more than 7,000 customer accounts at leading Russian banks and stole more than 12.5 million rubles ($200,000). Group-IB’s forensic specialists were involved in the investigation and gave evidence as experts in court, helping to bring the Popelysh case to a successful court case. The 23-year-old Popelysh twins made their first attacks on bank customers in 2010, in collaboration with Alexander Sarbin, a 19-year-old hacker from Kaliningrad, Group-IB said in a statement. The criminals infected users’ computers with the Trojan.Win32.VKhost virus, which, when opening the official online banking services of a major Russian bank, redirected the customer to a phishing page. On this page, under the pretext of a change in the security policy, the user was asked to enter a login, password and confirmation code from the bank’s scratch card. Using this data, the criminals withdrew money via an authentic remote banking site. The Popelysh brothers’ gang gained access to over 7,000 customer accounts at Russian banks. Photo: Pixabay. “In the short period from September to December 2010, Sarbin and the Popelysh twins stole approximately 2 million rubles from 16 customers,” said Group-IB. “By February 2011, 170 customers of Russian banks from 46 regions in the country had fallen victim to the criminals, bringing the total amount of funds stolen to 13 million rubles.” The hackers were arrested in spring 2011 and in September 2012, the Chertanovsky District Court of Moscow sentenced them to 6 years’ imprisonment with 5 years’ probation. Once they were released, the brothers reverted to their old habits: they equipped themselves with new malware, automated the theft process, and continually updated the viruses themselves in order to avoid being detected by anti-virus systems, Group-IB said. “The Popelysh twins headed a group which included ‘programmers,’ ‘traffers’ – people who spread the malware, ‘crypters’ – specialists who regularly updated the malware codes, ‘money mules’ – people who cashed the stolen money – and ‘callers,’” said Group-IB. “The latter posed as bank employees and rang up customers who had left their card and telephone numbers on the fake website to persuade them to disclose the transfer confirmation code. This type of fraud is called vishing(voice phishing) – a type of phishing where voice communication is used to obtain confidential data.” When officers cut through the metal door to the apartment where the Popelysh brothers were living, the pair attempted, in panic, to flush half a million rubles, flash drives, and SIM cards down the toilet. From March 2013 to May 2015, the Popelysh twins’ group gained access to more than 7,000 customer accounts at various Russian banks and stole more than 12.5 million rubles. Each month, the brothers earned an average of 500,000 to 1.5 million rubles. They spent the money on purchasing property and foreign cars, such as a Porsche Cayenne and a BMW X5, according to Group-IB. In May 2015, the Popelysh twins were detained once again during a joint special operation conducted by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Federal Security Service in St. Petersburg. Group-IB’s cyber forensic specialists and representatives from the group’s investigation department were called in as experts during the search. When officers cut through the metal door to the apartment where the Popelysh brothers were living, the pair attempted, in panic, to flush half a million rubles, flash drives, and SIM cards down the toilet. In case of a police raid, the brothers had even made an electromagnetic device to erase computer drives. The Popelysh twins and their accomplices were charged with the creation and use of malicious computer programs, illegally accessing computer information and fraud and on June 18, Moscow’s Savelovsky District Court found all defendants guilty: Evgeny and Dmitry Popelysh were sentenced to 8 years’ imprisonment, Sarbin was given 6 years, and other gang members got four to five years, plus one suspended sentence. “Due to the significant number of victims and the extensive amount of evidence gathered, the investigation and criminal proceedings in the Popelysh case lasted for almost three years,” says the head of Group-IB’s Investigation Department, Sergey Lupanin. “It was only a few days ago, in 2018, that a trial took place, enabling the case to be brought to a logical end and a sentence to be passed. The first time around, the Popelysh twins received too mild a sentence – they were released on probation and resumed their old criminal ways. This time, the members of the group were given real sentences, 10 years’ imprisonment. The Popelysh case is a clear example that shows that cybercrime needs to be punished as severely as possible.” "The victims were not aware of the transactions as all SMS confirmations of transactions were blocked.” Last month, a 32-year-old hacker was arrested on suspicion of stealing funds from Russian banks' customers using Android Trojans, in another case in which Group-IB provided the police with expert assistance. At the height of the hacker’s activity, victims reportedly lost between 1,500 to 8,000 dollars daily. Group-IB analysed the tools and techniques leveraged in the group’s attack, revealing that the gang tricked customers of Russian banks into downloading a malicious mobile application that claimed to be an aggregator of the country’s leading mobile banking systems and promised users ‘one-click’ access to all bank cards to view balances, transfer money from card to card, and pay for online services. The app was first discovered in 2016 and was distributed through spam emails. “The criminal group’s approach was rather elementary: customers of banks downloaded the fake mobile app and entered their card details,” said Group-IB. “The Trojan then sent bank card data or online banking credentials to the C&C server. Following this, the threat actor transferred 200-500 dollars at a time to previously activated bank accounts, and bypassed SMS confirmation codes which were intercepted from the victim's phone. The victims were not aware of the transactions as all SMS confirmations of transactions were blocked.” The investigation by authorities identified a member of the criminal group who was responsible for transferring money from user accounts to attacker’s cards: a 32-year-old unemployed Russian national who had previous convictions connected to arms trafficking. The suspect has confessed and the investigation is ongoing.

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You are here: Home / News / Foreign firms to be requested to store social media user database in Vietnam The Hanoitimes – Facebook and Google are among firms subject to this law. Vietnam’s Ministry of Public Security (MPS) has draft a decree guiding the enforcement of Law on Cyberspace which provides that foreign firms have to store Vietnamese social medial user database in the country. Vietnam is among the nations with the largest number of Facebook users in the world. Under the draft document, foreign firms are subject to the regulation once they set up branches or representative offices in Vietnam. The list includes those providing one of the services on the Internet and in the telecommunications sector, services in cyberspace, hosting services, database sharing, domain service providing, e-commerce, online payment, intermediary payment services, shipping services, social network and media, online games, and emails. Facebook and Google are among firms subject to this law, media expert said. Personal information to be stored includes name, date of birth, place of birth, nationality, career, title, residential place, address, email address, phone number, identity number, citizen code, passport number, social insurance card, credit card, health status, medical records, and biometrics. Database created by Internet users in Vietnam include uploaded or synced information, content generated from exchange and interaction among Internet users. Firms need to store personal information for at least a year and at least three years for uploaded or synced information. Certain companies have to store database, or set up branches or representative offices in Vietnam within a year after an official request by Minister of Public Security…. [Read full story] Johnson Controls-Hitachi Air Conditioning is boosting their air conditioning business in Vietnam – Talk Vietnam You are here: Home / Johnson Controls-Hitachi Air Conditioning is boosting their air conditioning business in Vietnam Hitachi is one of the most popular brands in Vietnam, which is perceived as an attractive market for air-conditioning with its impressive population of 95 million people. The establishment of new sales company Johnson Controls-Hitachi Air Conditioning in Vietnam proves that this company is very aggressive in the pursuit of acquiring a certain market share. In mid-October 2018, Johnson Controls–Hitachi Air Conditioning partnered with Thang Uy group (TUG) to officially form a sales company. 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DXC Technology’s plan to create a new government contractor through the spinoff and merger of its U.S. public sector business with Vencore and KeyPoint Government Solutions answered some questions and raised others as well. We first answered the “what” with our report on the initial details late Wednesday night. Then I listened to DXC CEO Mike Lawrie’s explanation to Wall Street on the “why”. And my editor (read boss) Nick Wakeman gave the history of each business – the “who” -- being rolled up into this new $4.3 billion-revenue federal market giant. Which all leads naturally to the next question: “how” this new IT and professional services provider will attack the marketplace once it launches next year. That road could be tricky to navigate given the work to integrate all three businesses being a critical matter of importance to its success, according to one federal market analyst. In particular, the potential “cultural mismatch” of DXC’s civilian-heavy enterprise IT business with Vencore’s higher-end technology services portfolio in national security and science agencies puts the new company at a “strategic crossroads,” Technology Business Research public sector IT analyst Joey Cresta wrote in an analysis report Thursday. That said, Vencore’s portfolio of classified work in the defense and intelligence communities for instance gives the new company “opportunity to plot a new course across a diverse vendor set, often in areas with higher barriers to entry and less competition from other enterprise-focused vendors,” according to Cresta. DXC’s U.S. government business, Vencore and KeyPoint are coming together in a market that has seen commercially oriented IT companies increasingly enter the fray and agencies increasingly use price as its key factor in contracts for staff-oriented services that it sees as commoditized. From that shift came moves by large government services contractors to add weight through acquisitions. CACI International’s buy of the former L-3 NSS, Science Applications International Corp.’s addition of Scitor and Engility Corp.’s move for TASC all added scale for the buyers. The deals also added new work with intelligence agencies for the acquirers, which fulfills the usual "new customer" mandate for buyers. And then defense hardware contractors like Raytheon -- as they explained in our Top 100 series -- and Northrop Grumman for example have either stayed focused on or repositioned their services businesses to more specialized areas such as cybersecurity and data analytics to help maintain their margins. Others like Lockheed Martin, Harris Corp. and L3 Technologies have decided to divest their services businesses over the past two years and focus on their higher-margin platforms. The continued participation of Vencore’s owners Veritas Capital in the new company could help guide it in a more specialized direction, according to Cresta. Veritas’ portfolio includes other government technology services providers in Alion Science and Technology Corp. and Peraton, the former Harris IT business. The new company will face a big test when the Navy awards the recompete of its Next Generation Enterprise Network contract sometime in 2018. NGEN accounts for 11 percent of DXC’s total corporate revenues. And Deltek data indicates NGEN represented nearly 35 percent of DXC’s almost $2 billion in unclassified federal prime contracts in the government’s 2016 fiscal year. Vencore’s focus areas in cyber and analytics for instance could help the new company keep that contract, Cresta noted. And then there is the addition of background investigative service provider KeyPoint into this three-way merger. Loveland, Colo.-based KeyPoint is one of four companies alongside CACI, CSRA and Securitas Critical Infrastructure Services the Office of Personnel management awarded contracts to in 2016 for services to support background investigations of those seeking security clearances. KeyPoint could benefit from DXC’s digital transformation-focused services that involve automation and cloud tools, according to Cresta. DXC has clearly stated its rationale for exiting government IT: mainly to fulfill its mandate on shareholder value as a publicly traded company. By that same token, the new company's CEO in Mac Curtis and Chief Operating Officer in Marilyn Crouther have the responsibility to articulate their strategy and goals as the March 2018 closure date approaches. At WasteForge, we strive to bring you the best service at the best price available. We have a wide selection of dumpster sizes in stock in Groveland, MA, with flexible & timley pickup and delivery. 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See also the preceding Category:Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson and the succeeding Category:Presidency of Gerald Ford 1. Presidency of Richard Nixon – He was succeeded by Vice President Gerald Ford, who had become vice president nine months earlier, following Spiro Agnews resignation from office. A Republican, Nixon took office after the 1968 presidential election, in which he defeated Hubert Humphrey, four years later, in 1972, Nixon won reelection in a landslide victory over George McGovern. Overall, he won 60. 7% of the popular vote, Nixon, the 37th United States president, succeeded Lyndon B. Johnson, who had launched the Great Society, a set of domestic programs financed, in contrast, Nixon advocated a New Federalism domestic program model, one in which certain powers would devolve back to the states. Nixons primary focus while in office was on foreign affairs, Nixon pursued a detente with the Peoples Republic of China, taking advantage of the Sino-Soviet split and significantly altering the nature of the Cold War. Nixons many accomplishments as president were however, largely overshadowed by the scandals that enveloped his administration, regarding his lasting legacy, historian Stephen Ambrose wrote, Nixon wanted to be judged by what he accomplished. What he will be remembered for is the nightmare he put the country through in his second term, Nixon was inaugurated as president on January 20,1969, sworn in by his onetime political rival, Chief Justice Earl Warren. Pat Nixon held the family Bibles open at Isaiah 2,4, which reads, They shall beat their swords into plowshares, in his inaugural address, which received almost uniformly positive reviews, Nixon remarked that the greatest honor history can bestow is the title of peacemaker. Nixon made fifteen international trips during his presidency and his first was an eight-day European visit starting in Brussels on February 23,1969. He met with Britain’s Prime Minister Harold Wilson in London and Frances President Charles de Gaulle in Paris and he also stopped in Bonn, Berlin and Rome and met with Pope Paul VI in Vatican City. He also made groundbreaking trips to several Eastern European Communist nations, including, Romania, Yugoslavia, even those who hated Nixons presidency occasionally praise his work in China. The extent to which his visit had any consequences of note, however. Assisting him in this venture was his National Security Advisor and future Secretary of State, Henry Kissinger, with whom the President worked closely, bypassing Cabinet officials. A breakthrough came in early 1971, when Chairman Mao invited a team of American table tennis players to visit China, Nixon followed up by sending Kissinger to China for clandestine meetings with Chinese officials. On July 15,1971, it was announced by Beijing. The secrecy allowed both sets of time to prepare the political climate in their countries for the contact. In February 1972, Nixon and his wife traveled to China, Kissinger briefed Nixon for over 40 hours in preparation. Upon touching down, the President and First Lady emerged from Air Force One, Nixon made a point of shaking Zhous hand, something which then-Secretary of State John Foster Dulles had refused to do in 1954 when the two met in Geneva 2. 1973 oil crisis – The 1973 oil crisis began in October 1973 when the members of the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries proclaimed an oil embargo. The embargo occurred in response to United States support for Israel during the Yom Kippur War, by the end of the embargo in March 1974, the price of oil had risen from US$3 per barrel to nearly $12 globally, US prices were significantly higher. The embargo caused an oil crisis, or shock, with many short- and long-term effects on global politics and it was later called the first oil shock, followed by the 1979 oil crisis, termed the second oil shock. The embargo was a response to American involvement in the 1973 Yom Kippur War, six days after Egypt and Syria launched a surprise military campaign against Israel, the US supplied Israel with arms. In response to this, the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries announced an oil embargo against Canada, Japan, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, the crisis had a major impact on international relations and created a rift within NATO. Some European nations and Japan sought to disassociate themselves from United States foreign policy in the Middle East to avoid being targeted by the boycott, Arab oil producers linked any future policy changes to peace between the belligerents. To address this, the Nixon Administration began multilateral negotiations with the combatants and they arranged for Israel to pull back from the Sinai Peninsula and the Golan Heights. By January 18,1974, US Secretary of State Henry Kissinger had negotiated an Israeli troop withdrawal from parts of the Sinai Peninsula, the promise of a negotiated settlement between Israel and Syria was enough to convince Arab oil producers to lift the embargo in March 1974. The embargo occurred at a time of rising petroleum consumption by industrialized countries and coincided with an increase in oil imports by the worlds largest oil consumer. In the aftermath, targeted countries initiated a variety of policies to contain their future dependency. The 1973 oil price shock, with the accompanying 1973–74 stock market crash, was regarded as the first discrete event since the Great Depression to have a persistent effect on the US economy, the embargos success demonstrated Saudi Arabias diplomatic and economic power. It was the largest oil exporter and a politically and religiously conservative kingdom, in 1970, US oil production started to decline, exacerbating the embargos impact. Following this, Nixon named James E. Akins as US Ambassador to Saudi Arabia to audit US production capacity, the confidential results were alarming—no spare capacity was available and production could only decrease. The oil embargo had little effect on supply, according to Akins. OPEC was organized to resist pressure by the Seven Sisters to reduce oil prices, at first, OPEC operated as an informal bargaining unit for resource-rich third-world countries. OPEC confined its activities to gaining a share of the profits generated by oil companies. In the early 1970s it began to exert economic and political strength, on August 15,1971, the United States unilaterally pulled out of the Bretton Woods Accord. The US abandoned the Gold Exchange Standard whereby the value of the dollar had been pegged to the price of gold and all other currencies were pegged to the dollar, shortly thereafter, Britain followed, floating the pound sterling 3. Space Race – The Space Race was a 20th-century competition between two Cold War rivals, the Soviet Union and the United States, for supremacy in spaceflight capability. The technological superiority required for such supremacy was seen as necessary for national security, the Space Race spawned pioneering efforts to launch artificial satellites, unmanned space probes of the Moon, Venus, and Mars, and human spaceflight in low Earth orbit and to the Moon. The Soviet Union beat the US to this, with the October 4,1957 orbiting of Sputnik 1, the race peaked with the July 20,1969 US landing of the first humans on the Moon with Apollo 11. The USSR tried but failed manned lunar missions, and eventually cancelled them, the Space Race has left a legacy of Earth communications and weather satellites, and continuing human space presence on the International Space Station. It has also sparked increases in spending on education and research and development, the origins of the Space Race can be traced to Germany, beginning in the 1930s and continuing during World War II when Nazi Germany researched and built operational ballistic missiles. Wernher von Braun, a young engineering prodigy, was recruited by Becker and Dornberger to join their secret army program at Kummersdorf-West in 1932, von Braun dreamed of conquering outer space with rockets, and did not initially see the military value in missile technology. They led the team built the Aggregate-4 rocket, which became the first vehicle to reach outer space during its test flight program in 1942 and 1943. By 1943, Germany began mass-producing the A-4 as the Vergeltungswaffe 2 and its supersonic speed meant there was no defense against it, and radar detection provided little warning. Germany used the weapon to bombard southern England and parts of Allied-liberated western Europe from 1944 until 1945, after the war, the V-2 became the basis of early American and Soviet rocket designs. The United States also acquired a number of complete V2 rockets. The German rocket center in Peenemünde was located in the part of Germany. On Stalins orders, the Soviet Union sent its best rocket engineers to this region to see what they could salvage for future weapons systems, the Soviet rocket engineers were led by Sergei Korolev. He had been involved in clubs and early Soviet rocket design in the 1930s. After the war, he became the USSRs chief rocket and spacecraft engineer and his identity was kept a state secret throughout the Cold War, and he was identified publicly only as the Chief Designer. In the West, his name was officially revealed when he died in 1966. They were not allowed to participate in final Soviet missile design, with their help, particularly Helmut Gröttrups group, Korolev reverse-engineered the A-4 and built his own version of the rocket, the R-1, in 1948. Later, he developed his own designs, though many of these designs were influenced by the Gröttrup Groups G4-R10 design from 1949. The Germans were eventually repatriated in 1951–53 and he also started developing liquid-fueled rockets in 1921, yet he had not been taken seriously by the public 4. United States presidential election, 1968 – The United States presidential election of 1968 was the 46th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 5,1968. The Republican nominee, former Vice President Richard Nixon, won the election over the Democratic nominee, analysts have argued the election of 1968 was a major realigning election as it permanently disrupted the New Deal Coalition that had dominated presidential politics for 36 years. The 1968 Democratic National Convention was a scene of violent confrontations between police and anti-war protesters as the Democrats split into multiple factions, Richard Nixon ran on a campaign that promised to restore law and order to the nations cities and provide new leadership in the Vietnam War. A year later, he would popularize the term silent majority to describe those he viewed as being his target voters, Nixon won the popular vote by a narrow margin of 0.7 percentage points, but won easily in the Electoral College, 301–191. The election also featured a third party effort by former Alabama Governor George Wallace. He carried five states in the Deep South and ran well in some ethnic enclave industrial districts in the North. This was the first election after the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and it was the last election in which New York had the most votes in the electoral college. After the 1970 census, California gained the most electoral votes and has remained the most populous state since then, in the election of 1964, incumbent Democrat Lyndon B. Johnson won the largest popular vote landslide in U. S. Presidential election history over Republican Barry Goldwater, despite making significant achievements, his popular support would be short-lived. At the same time, the country endured large-scale race riots in the streets of its cities, along with a generational revolt of young people. The most important reason for the decline of President Johnsons popularity was the Vietnam War. By late 1967, over 500,000 American soldiers were fighting in Vietnam, draftees made up 42 percent of the military in Vietnam, but suffered 58% of the casualties as nearly 1000 Americans a month were killed and many more were injured. Though a U. S. military victory, Tet led many Americans to ponder whether the war was winnable or worth it, in addition, voters felt they could not trust their governments assessment and reporting of the war effort. The Pentagon called for sending several hundred thousand soldiers to Vietnam. The Secret Service also prevented Johnson from appearing at the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago, Vice President Hubert Humphrey Senator Robert F. Kennedy from New York Senator Eugene McCarthy from Minnesota Senator George McGovern from South Dakota President Lyndon B. As a result, it was assumed when 1968 began that President Johnson would run for another term. Despite growing opposition to Johnsons policies in Vietnam, it appeared that no prominent Democratic candidate would run against a president of his own party. Even Senator Robert F. Kennedy from New York, a critic of Johnsons policies with a large base of support 5. United States presidential election, 1972 – The United States presidential election of 1972, the 47th quadrennial presidential election was held on Tuesday, November 7,1972. Overall, he won 60. 7% of the popular vote, Johnson’s in 1964, but with a larger margin of victory in the popular vote, thus becoming the fourth largest in presidential election history. He received almost 18 million more votes than McGovern, the widest margin of any United States presidential election. McGovern only won the votes in Massachusetts and the District of Columbia. It was also the first time that Hawaii was carried by a Republican, together with the House and Senate elections of 1972, it was the first electoral event in which people aged 18 to 20 could vote in every state, according to the provisions of the 26th Amendment. It was also the first election in which California had the most votes in the electoral college, furthermore, the presidential term of 1973–1977 is notable for being the only one in American history in which both the original President and Vice President fail to complete the term. Ultimately, the 1973–77 term would see two different Presidents and three different Vice Presidents, as of 2016, this is the last time Minnesota voted for the Republican candidate. Overall, fifteen people declared their candidacy for the Democratic Party nomination, mcCarthy, former Senator from Minnesota Henry M. C. The favorite for the Democratic nomination then became Senator Ed Muskie, Muskie’s momentum collapsed just prior to the New Hampshire primary, when the so-called Canuck letter was published in the Manchester Union-Leader. Subsequently, the published an attack on the character of Muskie’s wife Jane, reporting that she drank. Muskie made a defense of his wife in a speech outside the newspaper’s offices during a snowstorm. Nearly two years before the election, South Dakota Senator George McGovern entered the race as an anti-war, McGovern was able to pull together support from the anti-war movement and other grassroots support to win the nomination in a primary system he had played a significant part in designing. On January 25,1972, New York Representative Shirley Chisholm announced she would run, Hawaii Representative Patsy Mink also announced she would run and became the first Asian American to run for the Democratic presidential nomination. On April 25, George McGovern won the Massachusetts primary, once middle America – Catholic middle America, in particular – finds this out, he’s dead. ”The label stuck and McGovern became known as the candidate of amnesty, abortion, and acid. It became Humphrey’s battle cry to stop McGovern—especially in the Nebraska primary, alabama Governor George Wallace, an anti-integrationist, did well in the South and among alienated and dissatisfied voters in the North. What might have become a campaign was cut short when Wallace was shot in an assassination attempt by Arthur Bremer on May 15. Wallace was struck by five bullets and left paralyzed from the waist down, the day after the assassination attempt, Wallace won the Michigan and Maryland primaries, but the shooting effectively ended his campaign and he pulled out in July. In the end, McGovern won the nomination by winning primaries through grassroots support in spite of establishment opposition, McGovern had led a commission to re-design the Democratic nomination system after the divisive nomination struggle and convention of 1968 6. War on drugs – However, two years prior to this, Nixon had formally declared a war on drugs that would be directed toward eradication, interdiction, and incarceration. Today, the Drug Policy Alliance, which advocates for an end to the War on Drugs, oNDCPs view is that drug addiction is a disease that can be successfully prevented and treated. Making drugs more available will make it harder to keep our communities healthy, one of the alternatives that Kerlikowske has showcased is the drug policy of Sweden, which seeks to balance public health concerns with opposition to drug legalization. The prevalence rates for use in Sweden are barely one-fifth of those in Spain. The report was criticized by organizations that oppose a general legalization of drugs, the first U. S. law that restricted the distribution and use of certain drugs was the Harrison Narcotics Tax Act of 1914. The first local laws came as early as 1860, in 1919, the United States passed the 18th Amendment, prohibiting the sale, manufacture, and transportation of alcohol, with exceptions for religious and medical use. In 1920, the United States passed the National Prohibition Act, the Federal Bureau of Narcotics was established in the United States Department of the Treasury by an act of June 14,1930. In 1933, the prohibition for alcohol was repealed by passage of the 21st Amendment. In 1935, President Franklin D. Roosevelt publicly supported the adoption of the Uniform State Narcotic Drug Act, the New York Times used the headline Roosevelt Asks Narcotic War Aid. In 1937, the Marihuana Tax Act of 1937 was passed, several scholars have claimed that the goal was to destroy the hemp industry, largely as an effort of businessmen Andrew Mellon, Randolph Hearst, and the Du Pont family. These scholars argue that with the invention of the decorticator, hemp became a cheap substitute for the paper pulp that was used in the newspaper industry. These scholars believe that Hearst felt that this was a threat to his extensive timber holdings, however, there were circumstances that contradict these claims. One reason for doubts about those claims is that the new decorticators did not perform satisfactorily in commercial production. To produce fiber from hemp was a process if you include harvest, transport. Technological developments decreased the labor with hemp but not sufficient to eliminate this disadvantage, the Nixon campaign in 1968, and the Nixon White House after that, had two enemies, the antiwar left and black people. We could arrest their leaders, raid their homes, break up their meetings, did we know we were lying about the drugs. - John Ehrlichman, to Dan Baum for Harpers Magazine in 1994, about President Richard Nixons war on drugs, in 1973, the Drug Enforcement Administration was created to replace the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs. The Nixon Administration also repealed the federal 2–10-year mandatory minimum sentences for possession of marijuana and started federal demand reduction programs and drug-treatment programs 7. Vietnam War – It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam and the government of South Vietnam. The war is considered a Cold War-era proxy war. As the war continued, the actions of the Viet Cong decreased as the role. U. S. and South Vietnamese forces relied on air superiority and overwhelming firepower to conduct search and destroy operations, involving ground forces, artillery, in the course of the war, the U. S. conducted a large-scale strategic bombing campaign against North Vietnam. The North Vietnamese government and the Viet Cong were fighting to reunify Vietnam and they viewed the conflict as a colonial war and a continuation of the First Indochina War against forces from France and later on the United States. The U. S. government viewed its involvement in the war as a way to prevent a communist takeover of South Vietnam and this was part the domino theory of a wider containment policy, with the stated aim of stopping the spread of communism. Beginning in 1950, American military advisors arrived in what was then French Indochina, U. S. involvement escalated in the early 1960s, with troop levels tripling in 1961 and again in 1962. Regular U. S. combat units were deployed beginning in 1965, despite the Paris Peace Accord, which was signed by all parties in January 1973, the fighting continued. In the U. S. and the Western world, a large anti-Vietnam War movement developed as part of a larger counterculture, the war changed the dynamics between the Eastern and Western Blocs, and altered North–South relations. Direct U. S. military involvement ended on 15 August 1973, the capture of Saigon by the North Vietnamese Army in April 1975 marked the end of the war, and North and South Vietnam were reunified the following year. The war exacted a huge human cost in terms of fatalities, estimates of the number of Vietnamese soldiers and civilians killed vary from 966,000 to 3.8 million. Some 240, 000–300,000 Cambodians,20, 000–62,000 Laotians, and 58,220 U. S. service members died in the conflict. Various names have applied to the conflict. Vietnam War is the most commonly used name in English and it has also been called the Second Indochina War and the Vietnam Conflict. As there have been several conflicts in Indochina, this conflict is known by the names of its primary protagonists to distinguish it from others. In Vietnamese, the war is known as Kháng chiến chống Mỹ. It is also called Chiến tranh Việt Nam, France began its conquest of Indochina in the late 1850s, and completed pacification by 1893. The 1884 Treaty of Huế formed the basis for French colonial rule in Vietnam for the seven decades 8. Wilson desk – The Wilson desk is a large mahogany desk used by Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford in the Oval Office as their Oval Office desk. Nixon chose this desk for the Oval Office because of his belief that former President Woodrow Wilson had used it there. In 1971 Nixon had five recording devices secretly installed in the Wilson desk by the United States Secret Service and these recordings constitute some of the Watergate tapes. In actuality, the desk was never used by Woodrow Wilson in the Oval office, Nixon was informed by one of his speech writers, William Safire, that the desk was actually used by Vice President of the United States Henry Wilson during President Ulysses S. Grants administration. This also appears to be untrue, since the desk wasnt ordered until 1897 or later, the Wilson Desk appears to be a misnomer, as it has never been continuously used by anyone with the last name of Wilson. The Wilson desk is a desk built of mahogany. Its workspace is 58 1/4 inches by 80 3/4 inches and it is 31 inches high and it has drawers in both pedestals, and the knee-hole extends all the way through the desk. During its time in the White House a glass top was used on top of the desk and this sheet of glass covered the whole workspace of the desk. Someone at the White House noticed the marring of the desk and. When Nixon returned and saw what had been done he supposedly stated, I want to leave my mark on this place just like other Presidents. Garret Augustus Hobart, the 24th Vice President of the United States, while in office he purchased and ordered many lavish furnishing for the Vice Presidents Room of the United States Capitol, then the official office for the vice president. When Nixon became president the desk was placed on loan to the White House, Nixon took a liking to the desk during his terms as Vice President because he was under the incorrect impression that it was used by Woodrow Wilson during his term as President. During February 1971, Nixon had an audio recording system installed in the Wilson Desk. There were seven microphones in total installed in the Oval office, one on side of the fireplace. These microphones, as well as recording devices in the Cabinet Room were all wired to central mixers and recorders in an old room in the White House basement. Not long after April 9,1973 a switch was installed in the desk to allow Nixon to turn the microphones on, previously they turned on automatically whenever someone began talking. Throughout Nixons presidency he referred to the Wilson desk hundreds of times in official speeches, such as the Silent majority speech, during official White House tours, guides wrongly told of how Woodrow Wilson used the desk. This misconception was first discovered to be untrue by an assistant curator at the White House and this assistant curator came to yet another incorrect conclusion about who had previously used the desk The "Statement on Chemical and Biological Defense Policies and Programs" was a speech delivered on November 25, 1969, … Nixon delivered his statement from Fort Detrick, home of the One-Million-Liter Test Sphere, used for testing static aerosols of biological agent, pictured here in 1968 Stockpiled wheat stem rust (pictured) and other anti-crop agents were destroyed in 1973 as a result of Nixon's statement The presidency of Richard Nixon began on January 20, 1969 when Richard Nixon was inaugurated as President of the United … Senate Minority Leader Dirksen administering the oath of office to Agnew (left to right) : outgoing President Lyndon Johnson (the 37th Vice President), incoming President Richard Nixon (36th), Senate Minority Leader Everett Dirksen, Spiro Agnew sworn in as Vice President (39th), and the outgoing Vice President Hubert Humphrey (38th), at inauguration, January 20, 1969. The madman theory is a political theory commonly associated with U.S. President Richard Nixon's foreign policy. He and … On Watch: A Memoir is one of two books written by U.S. Navy admiral Elmo Zumwalt. Published in 1976, it is largely a … Zumwalt used his memoir to criticize the Nixon administration, which he felt was too accommodating to the Soviet Union. Operation Sandwedge was a proposed clandestine intelligence-gathering operation against the political enemies of the … The Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1973 (Public Law 93–87; 87 Stat. 250) is legislation enacted by the United States … The Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA) is an agency in the United States Department of Commerce that promotes …

When I first came to Rockwern Academy, I was 6. As a first grader, I did not have a strong perception of my own identity, either as a person or as a Jew. Now, as a 14 year old, graduating from eighth grade, I feel as if I do. Over these years, Rockwern Academy and its teachers all have helped me realize and mold my identity. Thanks specifically to my Hebrew and Judaic Studies teachers, I understand my background as a Jew and I have been able to formulate my own ideas about my Judaism. In addition, they taught me about complex moral and ethical dilemmas, and I think I am a better person for it. What constitutes a change in identity? I would say that, while you can alter your identity, the real challenge is unlocking it, finding out what you yourself truly think and feel, and discovering your own potential. Everything we have learned has been told by someone, who, even if they are just giving the facts, puts his or her own spin on it. This leads me to one of the greatest advantages of being a student at Rockwern. Every teacher here at Rockwern Academy has opinions on the subjects they teach. However, they manage to mask it almost entirely, or if they don’t, they emphasize that we are not to take their opinion as fact. Instead, we do an astounding amount of critical thinking and writing, which emphasizes learning the facts, and then formulating our own independent opinions. This has also taught me how to identify bias. In the past two years, this has led to many a heated debate of what is the right thing to do or which commentary is correct for various Mishnaic and Torah sections. One such debate was on the subject of Mordechai Rumkovski, the leader of the Jews in the Lodz Ghetto, and what he should have done when the Nazis demanded 20,000 Jews for deportation. Some of us took that side that he took, saying that he did the right thing when he sent all the young children, elderly, and sick away. Others were bitterly opposed. While our debates have often been on dark subjects like this one, they have often been the highlight of my day, and they have also been extremely educational, allowing us to expand our personal opinions while absorbing strong points from others. I am most thankful to Rockwern for allowing me to form my own thoughts, but still be able to alter them. However, while part of identity is in your mind, it is in your background as well. Rockwern has provided me with extensive knowledge of my Jewish background, and more importantly, has laid down the foundations for future learning. Not only have we learned about our history, but we have also learned a great deal about our spiritual background, all of which adds up to a strong idea of what it means to be Jewish. In addition, we have learned, as Jews and as moral human beings, what the true definition of morality is, and what defines doing the right thing. An important lesson of those teachings ties in with formulating opinions, because sometimes the lines between what is right and wrong are blurred or even invisible. In historical background, most Jews can cite David, the Holocaust, and the creation of the State of Israel. All are significant events in Jewish history. However, I feel a great deal of pride that I can discuss much more of Jewish history, on topics ranging from A-Z-Ashkenazim to Zealots. On the spiritual side, we have learned about all of the Jewish festivals and holidays, covering much more than just the basics, including the Mitzvot, customs, background, and idea behind each one. Because of this, I feel much more connected to the holidays. I know the reasons behind them, and so I feel like I am not merely celebrating the holiday, but instead am part of the holiday. In addition to holidays, we have studied Jewish texts extensively, and knowing the meaning of my religion’s holiest writings means a lot to me as a Jew. Almost every Jew that has become a Bar Mitzvah can read at least one portion from the Torah. We have been studying many since 5th grade. The small lesson about teaching a man to fish comes to mind. Teaching someone one portion of Torah is like giving them a fish. Fortunately for us, Rockwern has both given us a fish and taught us how to continue fishing for the rest of our lives. In closing, I would like to thank everyone at Rockwern, not limited solely to my teachers of Judaic Studies and Hebrew, but extending to everyone that has taught me since I first came here. Because of every one of these people, I have been able to unlock my true identity as a person and as a Jew. I go forward knowing who I truly am, and I am confident in my ability to retain that knowledge and put it to my advantage in all stages of life. Asher Weinstein, 14, wrote this address for his 8th grade graduation at Rockwern Academy, Cincinnati’s Jewish Day School. In addition to Judaic studies, Asher excels in secular studies, earning the school’s Academic Achievement Award. He is a huge Cincinnati Reds fan. Rabbi Oshrat Morag adds: As a Rabbi and Jewish educator I had the privilege to work at Rockwern Academy Jewish Day School in Cincinnati, Ohio, and to teach Asher Weinstein for two years. The graduation speech he wrote is an inspiration to the importance of Jewish Education and a brilliant reminder to all Jewish Educators that the work we do is a holy work (avodat kodesh) and that sometimes, even if we don’t see the fruits immediately, we do plant the seeds. Don’t give up on Jewish education! How good it was to read Asher Weinstein’s speech. His reminder that the education that he received from his school empowered him to “continue fishing” and to think critically is essential to the formation of a Jewish identity that will benefit him… and the Jewish community. I hope that Rabbi Morag, when asking that we not give up on Jewish education, includes supplementary education, both formal and informal. Remember that the vast majority of Jewish children receive their Jewish education this way. Asher’s piece makes me feel incredibly proud to work in Jewish education. Yeshar koach to him, his family, and his teachers.

PhilHarmonia choir in Philadelphia, PA is looking for tenors and basses to audition for its 2018-19 season starting on September 9. PhilHarmonia is a 26-voice a cappella choir that sings music from a broad range of genres and time periods, concentrating on classical music, but has been known to throw in a pop arrangement once in a while. Under the artistic direction of Mitos Andaya Hart of Temple University, the choir is in its 6th season. We rehearse on Sunday evenings in center city Philadelphia. For more information visit PhilHarmoniaSings.com Freeze these reusable soapstone cubes, then plop them into a glass of whiskey to chill it without watering it down. So my beautiful Viking range can run quite hot. Last night baking cookies I noted it read close to 500 when set at 375 with the convection running. I had to open the door and turn it down to 300… Which makes me rethink the wisdom of the Ruffoni Roasting Pan (which I haven’t measured but feels like maybe it’s thicker than 1.5mm) I picked up really cheap $117. With the sale going on and eBay bucks, I can get the Demeyere Industry 5 roaster for $128 plus $24 back in eBay bucks… God I love that beautiful copper hanging from my rack… but I wonder. I can still get a refund on it… Thoughts? *** One more question on copper. What do you guys think of the Ruffoni piece pictured for $89. It’s the 30cm model, with a pretty bent up lid. It might be a little thicker than 1.5mm. I’d use it as a rondeau I suspect. Every person in Canada has the right to safety, security, dignity, respect, opportunity and well being, regardless of their social or economic status. What does it take for a great church? What do we need to do to really please Jesus? The answer is much more simple than it might seem. Listen as pastor Lance Parrott challenges us to rest in Jesus and remain in him. Walking through Jesus's life from Bethlehem to Calvary, popular author and speaker Rabbi Evan Moffic serves as a tour guide to give Christians an "insider's look" on how Jesus's Jewishness shaped his ministry and message. In reading this book, you will gain a new perspective on exactly why Jesus's teachings were unfathomable, miracles unimaginable, and love uncompromising. You will meet the Rebel Rabbi whose life changed the world and whose death can change your life. If you were to ask ten people, Who started Christianity? you might hear ten voices giving the same quick response: Jesus. But those ten people would be wrong. Jesus wasn’t a Christian. Jesus lived and died as a Jew. Understanding the Jewishness of Jesus is the secret to knowing him better and understanding his message in the twenty-first century. Walking through Jesus’ life from birth to death, Rabbi Evan Moffic serves as a tour guide to give Christians a new way to look at familiar teachings and practices that are rooted in the Jewish faith and can illuminate our lives today. Moffic gives fresh insight on how Jesus’ contemporaries understood him, explores how Jesus’ Jewishness shaped him, offers a new perspective on the Lord’s Prayer, and provides renewed appreciation for Jesus’ miracles. In encountering his Jewish heritage, you will see Jesus differently, gain a better understanding of his message, and enrich your own faith. I'm the author/artist and I want to review What Every Christian Needs to Know About the Jewishness of Jesus: A New Way of Seeing the Most Influential Rabbi in History. Many who suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder do not realize what is going inside themselves. Unfortunately, those who return home from combat or who have experienced any other type of traumatic event remain in the battle, the war within. Could it be that PTSD is merely physiological symptoms related to trauma, or is it so much more than that? A Marne Mind explains the advantage of coping skills and the relationship among physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual ruin and well-being while constantly pointing to the greatest source of healing and recovery. Search for A Marne Mind: A Soldier's War with Recovery on facebook to become a part of the Marne Mind Mission of raising awareness about PTSD and recovery. 5% of all proceeds will be donated to Operation Resilient Warrior, a nonprofit organization dedicated to helping soldiers and their families. For more information about ORW visit www.operationresilientwarrior.org. Psalms: A Bible Commentary in the Wesleyan Tradition, is part of a commentary series that interprets the books of the Bible from a Wesleyan perspective. While it is designed primarily with laypeople in mind-Sunday school teachers, Bible study leaders, students of the Word-pastors will also find it most helpful. Following the New International Version, each book of the Bible is explained paragraph by paragraph, illluminating the key concepts of each passage and how they relate to our lives and times today. At the same time, the authors slow down often to examine particular details and alternative understandings that are important for comprehending the bigger picture. This series offers insight into the Bible that will lead to a greater grasp of what the Bible says, its significance for our lives today, and further transformation into the image of Christ. He yearns for the opportunity to sleep without visions and live life without forfeiting his own belief system. Yet, here he is, trapped in a tiny crate, lying cramped in the dark. The cult will use any discipline they feel is necessary to coerce him into accepting his fate - at least the fate they've determined for him. Danny loathes their torment, and he longs to escape their grasp with the girl he loves. Will he be forced to spend his life mediating between the cult and their demons, or will God ever choose to set him free? This book contains eleven great sermons by the great Welsh itinerant preacher, John Elias (1774-1841), all newly and ably translated from the Welsh by Owen Milton. Here you will find a feast of biblical, doctrinal, experiential, and practical food that shows how great preachers in ages past proclaimed the whole counsel of God over a period of time while remaining faithful in expounding individual texts in accord with their major themes. These sermons, which richly expound nearly every major doctrine of grace, are as relevant and helpful as when they were first written. Here you will find the sovereignty of God and the responsibility of man persuasively expounded. Such themes as God's sovereign calling of sinners, the experiential knowledge and fullness of Christ, the dangers of ignoring the gospel call, earnest prayer for the Spirit, the greatness of God's peace, the believer's love for Christ, the blessing of a contrite spirit, and the immanency of the Second Advent are set forth with convicting power. Practical themes such as how to listen to preaching and how to respect governmental authority are also expounded with fresh clarity. Elias's sermons exhibit all the strengths of a godly preacher-pastor-writer. Read them slowly and prayerfully, and, with the Spirit's blessing, you will grow in the grace and knowledge of Jesus Christ.

When Tyler stepped out onto the sun drenched deck he immediately spotted his latest boyfriend and elbowed his way through the sweaty crowd to meet him. He tugged on the bill of his cap and flashed a smile. Matt glanced up from his beer, took another gulp and yanked Tyler's cap off. He glared into his watery blue eyes like he was looking deeply into his soul, "that's not what we agreed to.� He looked back down at his beer, "not even close.� It was hard to hear Tyler's voice over the music. "I was so ready. I wanted to. Honest.� He shifted his weight from one foot to the other and crossed his arms over his chest. "I chickened out. OK. But next time. I know I'll be able to do it next time.� The guy he'd been so anxious about showing the haircut to poured what was left of his beer over Tyler's head and shoved the empty into his gut. He watched Tyler whip off his tee and mop his head with it before maneuvering through the throngs of bare chested beauties toward the exit. All the way Tyler was tight on his boyfriend's heels. The late afternoon sun blasted in their faces as Tyler struggled to keep up with Matt's long, accelerated stride. By the time he got to the car Matt was already inside, had put the top down and was backing out of the parking space. The car hesitated and, almost like magic, the passenger door swung open. Tyler hopped inside. They couldn't have driven more than a mile when the car lurched then screeched into a parking spot on the street. Matt's hand pawed at his friend's thigh, "you know you want this as much as me. You been f***ing beating off thinking about it since you figured out how to f***ing beat off.� He reached across Tyler's chest and swung the door open again. "This is where I go. You need me to go in with you, or can you handle this on your own, boy?� As Tyler lifted his chin to face Matt his lower lip was wrapped over the upper one and his teeth were gnawing into it. He was beginning to tear up. "No. I got it.� The circumspect one jerked out a nod and looked down at his boyfriend's hand. By now it had moved to the front of his camo print board shorts and was encouraging his uneasy dick. Meanwhile the other hand tugged on the clump of hair covering his forehead. "Ask for Luke.� As Tyler started to pull away Matt grabbed his cheeks and spun his head back around to face him then gave him a long, deep kiss. "If you get a move on we can still head back to tea dance. You can show off your hot haircut.� He nudged his best bud along, "don't f*** up this time, okay. Don't want to have to take you back in.� Matt watched his boyfriend stumble out of the car and inch toward the barbershop like some death row convict heading toward the executioner. He got out of the car and lit up a smoke. The bell sounded as Tyler reluctantly stepped over the threshold. Three ominous chairs lured him inside; three pair of eyes shifted toward him. Even in his frenzied state Tyler took a second to size up the firing squad. Barber #1: Burly bear, mid to late fifties. Cue ball bald. Nose ring. Full beard. Grateful Dead tee. Shortest of the three. Barber #2: Twenty-something marine type. Strong jaw line. Tall and slim but definitely not scrawny. Crisp white smock. Clean shaven. Precise low & tight. Barber #3: Handle bar mustache. Tight tank exposing big guns and major sleeves running up both arms. Shaved back and sides, slicked hair on top. Pushing forty. The newcomer's voice pitched up, "is one of you guys Luke?� The marine type smiled and stepped forward. Tyler nodded his head now understanding why Matt had suggested Luke, an almost exact replica of himself. He tossed back his shoulders then grimaced and grabbed at his bare chest. His faced reddened as he remembered tossing the beer soaked tee into the back seat of the car. The marine type approached and extended his hand, "Luke. I'm Luke.� His eyes clung to Tyler's abs. "Something I can do for you?� "Haircut.� The one without a shirt ran his hand through his hair, "wanted to get a haircut. My, umm, friend, said to ask for you.� "My lucky day.� He squeezed Tyler's bicep. "Did your friend happen to mention that we only do reg cuts here, man?� Tyler wavered. He looked up at Luke's low & tight. "Umm. Like yours. I guess, like yours.� He tugged on his bangs and squinted, "maybe a little shorter, I mean, tighter, like on the sides.� His body shifted in the chair, "and higher up.� Tyler's voice became more confident as he placed the side of his hand just above his temple, "yeah, definitely higher up.� Tyler's eyes lit up and his dick lunged forward. His voice eased back to its normal range. "Yep. A reg high and tight. Real high. Real tight.� He hesitated and looked over his shoulder at the barber, "umm, and even shorter than yours on top.� All Tyler could hear as he saw Luke's thick forearm reach for his clippers and rip off the attachment was a firm, "you got it, man.� Without further conversation the clippers roared to life and pounced down on the left sideburn. Tyler watched them devour it then shoot straight up the side of his head. This wide strip of hair rippled to his bare shoulder exposing stark white scalp that extended all the way up to the crown. The barber's fingers scratched the clean cut, "this gonna work for you, man?� He grinned into the mirror, "tight enough?� He saw Tyler shudder then smirk back at him and look down at the erection clinging to the front of his snug fitting shorts. Luke took that for a definite yes. He eased Tyler's head into his shaved chest and held it in place. The clippers went back to work and eradicated any trace of hair on the back of his head then made fast work of the other side. Tyler was beaming as his hands stroked his fresh whitewalls. "Been wanting to do this for a long time. Since I was a kid, actually.� His dick was at the point of breaking through the velcro on his board shorts. "Awesome.� He kept grinning and rubbing his head. He shrugged his shoulders, "finish it off, Luke! Nice and close on top.� His hand reached for the hair clinging to his forehead, "just leave like a shadow.� This time as Tyler watched the clippers charge through the first thatch of hair he gritted his teeth and winced. The scant eighth inch of stubble stood out in stark contrast to the much longer hair on either side of it. Tyler raised his eyebrows and laughed, "maybe too late to change my mind, huh?� "Could start a whole new trend, dude.� Luke rubbed the stubble then let his hand glide down Tyler's taught abs and onto the front of his shorts. His thumb rested on the fly and began ripping at the velcro, "looks like you're about ready to bust, bud.� The stubborn velcro held tight. Luke motioned with his eyes, "we could head to the back for a little privacy once I'm done here.� His hand moved to the waistband and slid comfortably inside. It latched onto Tyler's stiff dick while the clippers precariously swayed in the barber's other hand. Tyler's thick eyebrows arched up as he grinned at the barber. His wide eyes zeroed in on the clippers. Luke took the cue and placed them back on the top of his customer's head. Tyler watched in amazement as they expeditiously cleared away the last of his precious hair. He stared in the mirror stroking his scalp barely noticing the barber changing attachments. Luke took his time blending the stubble into the sidewall; his eyes shifted back and forth between his clippers and the outline of Tyler's big dick. Just as Luke finished he saw Tyler twinge. It was pretty obvious from the condition of his shorts that his happy customer was no longer in need of any further service. When Tyler went to pay him Luke shook his head, "next time, man. This ones on me, figure I'll be seeing a lot of you.� He stepped toward him and rubbed the fresh high and tight, "good look for you, dude. Two weeks. See you in two.� Luke edged toward the big window. His cock was rock hard as he watched the perfectly executed H&T emerge from the shop. When Matt caught sight of Tyler's shiny head he sprinted toward it. His hands zipped back and forth over his boyfriend's scalp as their groins gyrated in unison. He turned Tyler's chin up to face him, "good job, boy. Real proud of you. Way shorter than even I've ever gone.� He stepped back to get a good look at him then grabbed at the front of his boyfriend's shorts, "couldn't wait, huh?� Tyler grinned as Matt fondled the high and tight, "sorry, may need to head home for a second so I can clean up.� Could you post haircut game again i know a lot of people complain about it but i really liked it i think its one of the best stories Great homoerotic story with a detailed description of the buzz cut and the boy's reaction during the cut. Great buddies and a fine male friendship! Excellent story, Jack! Post more stories like this one!

A Portraiture of Six Hispanic Women's Academic Pursuit in a Community College Setting: A Qualitative Study Community colleges in the United States serve as social, cultural, and intellectual hubs that take the role as gatekeepers by committing to opening up the doors of opportunity to the public (Vaughan, 2006). Community colleges prepare their students for the workforce by providing credit or non-credit courses, certifications, or degrees. Depending on the community, programs are established to provide access to postsecondary programs. The purpose of this research is to investigate the successful experiences of six Hispanic immigrant women, who are English Language Learners, as they journeyed through a southwestern community college in the United States. The women have continued their educational studies regardless of the language barriers they faced. Learning English as their second language has been their greatest challenge in higher education. When language issues are addressed in higher education, the ideology essentially revolves around English-only instruction. English proficiency has been a requirement to successfully complete college level courses, yet absent is the methodology that focuses on other supportive factors for English Language Learners. The participants' lived experiences are shared through a narrative format. They immigrated as adults to the United States from Mexico and became first generation students in higher education. Their purpose for attending community college was based on their desires to learn about early childhood education while working toward an early childhood certification. The overall guiding research questions were geared to inquire about their success, challenges, and barriers during their educational journey. Portraiture was used as the instrument in conducting this qualitative research study. Portraiture aimed at highlighting the participants' voices in this study. Field notes, semi-structured individual and focus group interviews, journal writing, and photography were identified as the multiple methods to collect data. Themes were established and crystallization was the tool used to analyze the data. In summary, the greatest influences that led to the participants' successes were generated from relationships with their families, friends, colleagues, and professors. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.] Education Level: Two Year Colleges; Higher Education; Postsecondary Education; Early Childhood Education Presents basic aspects, specific for foreign language teaching, of the utilization of teaching aids, types of teaching aids and the nature of teaching material units. (Text is in German.) (IFS/WGA) Provides a check list for principals to use in assessing the use they are making of professionally prepared school television materials. (IRT) Descriptors: Check Lists, Educational Television, Elementary Education, Principals, Television Curriculum, Video Equipment Provides a historical look at the development of academic biology. Attempts to project some presently recognized forces and organizational structures influencing the development of the field. Differentiates how the discipline is now as compared with the past. (TW) A Semantic and Prototype Discussion of the "Be Easy to V" Structure: A Possible Explanation of Its Acquisition Process. Analyzes the "easy to be V" structure in terms of the semantic features of sentences with this structure. These sentences can be classified into types, ranging from the "prototype" with the most features contributing to its transparency, to the "peripheral" with the fewest of such features. (Author/CB) Results from 99 college students support hypotheses that subjects would rate leisure activities higher on several dimensions (freedom, intrinsic motivation, facilitative arousal, commitment, absorption in task, lack of focus on self, feelings of freedom, enriched perception of objects, increased sensitivity to feelings, increased emotional intensity, and decreased awareness of time passage) than they would either work or maintenance activities. (Author/NB) Descriptors: College Students, Higher Education, Leisure Time, Recreational Activities, Theories, Validity What if there was a secret ingredient that would produce happier customers, better employees, and more profits? Companies with a strong set of values do better than companies without them. Business owners who operate their company by a strong set of values see many benefits compared to those who don’t, including: A leader who operates their business with a strong set of values creates a strong culture. That culture attracts people who believe in the values and are committed to the mission of the business. That makes them more engaged in their work. What you end up with is a staff who wants to succeed, not just collect a paycheck. People want to be part of something bigger than themselves. A company with strong values that they believe in gives them that. In return, employees are invested in the company’s success. A company that lives its values attracts customers who share them. Consumers vote with their wallets. If given the choice to spend with a company who supports their values, that’s what they’re going to do. They are also likely to be big advocates for the company in their networks. Of course, you need to offer a quality product or service. Values aren’t going to save you if your basic business model is flawed or your product is garbage. Assuming you get those basics mostly right, values becomes the differentiator. Having a set of strongly held values also gives you a clear guide to making decisions. Doing something is either consistent with the company’s values or it isn’t. If it isn’t, it becomes an easy decision to say no. This filter works for decisions by leadership. It also is a powerful tool to empower employees to make decisions in the moment. A clear set of values gives employees guidance about what to do in situations outside of standard operating procedure. Employees feel empowered when they can “do the right thing” without management approval. That makes them feel better about their jobs and about the company. It makes customers feel valued and respected. Issues are resolved quickly and in accordance with what the company claims to stand for. It makes hiring and firing decisions easier. For most positions, it isn’t difficult to find many candidates who are technically qualified. When you look at how those candidates fit with the values, it makes the hiring decision easier. Firing for values is just as important. It is a necessary step to preserve the culture by eliminating people who don’t buy into it. It also reinforces with employees that living the values is taken seriously by management. Are you willing to fire a high performer for values? If not, maybe you aren’t living those values as strongly as you should be. In “Built to Last,” Jim Collins shows core ideology separates enduring business from less successful ones. He uncovered this through empirical study of data, not any sort of wishful thinking or theorizing. Goldman Sachs compared the performance of companies with and without strong values. They found those with strong did an average of 75% better than companies without them. Another example involves Southwest and American Airlines. These are two companies in the same industry, serving the same market, headquartered in the same state. Southwest has delivered a return of about 4000% since 1990. American Airlines went bankrupt in 2011. One big difference between the two companies, values. Southwest is legendary for strongly held values and a strong culture. American Airlines, not so much. First, the values have to be authentic. If they aren’t, employees and customer will see through it. When (not if) that happens, the fallout will be disastrous. Second, as I mentioned earlier, you need a viable business model and a quality product. Values aren’t going to fix a bad business model or a garbage product. Values are going to transform a good business model and a good product into a great company. When was the last time you thought about your company’s values? Do your employees know what they are? Do they embody them in their work?

I’ve always been intrigued as to why Wendy Burgers are square. Something to do with the production process. Maybe it’s because the way they cook means more succulence. Or is it because cheese slices are square? But that doesn’t make sense; the burger baps are as round in a Wendy Burger as they are from a MacDonald’s. I needed answers. Straight to wikipedia; the ultimate repository of useless information. Wendy’s was created by Dave Thomas in 1969. And the reason for the geometrically-even burger shape? Because he ate one somewhere else and liked it. Oh well, no mysteriousness to the shape then. Doesn’t matter, I like the look of it too. (Doesn’t mean I’m off to create a multi-billion fast food empire out of it though – I mean the money I’m making writing these blogs is more than enough. What? You’re not making any money from your blog? Oh sorry neither am I. I just do it for the sheer fun of it. Next form square patties using your hands. As you can see creating square burgers has thus far evaded me. Cut the brioche into slices. We will be preparing Wendy Double Burgers here so first cut a massive thick slice vertically. Then cut this into three slices horizontally. More geometrics – who thought burgers required mathematical expertise? Well it doesn’t, you just have to know the difference between up & down and side-to-side. Layer bread, meat and cheese (the three basic food groups, yes?) with liberal additions of ketchup and American mustard. A guy here got the Wendy’s franchise. We got the business. It was supposed to be different from the McD and King in that they had a salad bar that helped to give a very ‘fresh’ feel to the stuff. They opened. It was pretty awful and the restaurant was in the wrong location. They closed. An admirable job of shaping those patties & you’re right – it does fit the cheese better than a round patty but maybe you should have square tomatoes for the topping. I haven’t been into a Wendy’s for years – right after they poisoned a few people. By the way, you mention American mustard – is yours different? As much as I’ve eaten a ton of fast food burgers, and loved them, I always prefer my own, seasoned to my idea of perfection. If I have my choice of fast food burgers I love Harvey’s, which is a Canadian chain that’s been here longer than McDonald’s has been in Canada. Their burgers are still charbroiled and you go through a line telling them which condiments you want on it, Harvey’s is where you truly get a burger your way! Sorry that’s strictly Canadian, however, you can have Harvey’s and Wendy’s here. Harvey and Wendy…a match made in heaven! Now I know gourmets like to laugh at fast food joints, but I love a burger and fries. I like them square, round, and even with a hole in the middle. Wendy’s burgers are good, and their Frosty is great! Come to the U.S. and this family will treat you! You should definitely buy your tomatoes elsewhere if yours have no flavor 😉 I had no idea burgers at Wendy’s were square either. I may have been inside a Wendy’s once and that was in Tokyo because someone who I was travelling with was craving ‘real food’ as he called it… I stuck to Japanese food. As mentioned by Languedoc Lady, White Castles antedate Wendy’s by decades and are also square, but tinier and with holes. There have even been movies made about quests for White Castles, though why I don’t know. They are really disgusting. IMHO. Nothing beats a Wimpy. Actually that’s a total mistruth. Big Mac is the only way to go as far as I’m concerned (but being British my choice range is limited). My husband would probably keel over if there were no Wendy’s in Canada. There isn’t one in the town we currently live in and I’m pretty sure I occasionally hear him weeping about it. Anytime we drive through a town with Wendy’s he has to get it! Good luck with that – Im glad to read he likes his burgers. Makes me feel less guilty for some reason Wendy’s burgers are good, but my heart belongs to White Castle….the chain that created “sliders” (sadly, the chain hasn’t made it out to California yet but the memory lingers long). Their burgers are also square, but they’ve added 5 holes in the patties to speed cooking time and eliminate the need to turn them over. Something I forgot about until I read your post. Methinks I’ll have to try that during our next bbq. That’s proper burger technology right there – square patties with holes. I mean that must have taken some genuine research. They don’t have White Castles where I live–which is a blessing because when I lived in NYC and had full-access to those delightful little burgers–I was 30 lbs heavier than i am now! I have never been to Wendy’s. And I had no idea they served square burgers. I’m sure they taste better square.

Baby Scan Studio is a clinic specialising in a range of ultrasound packages and recordings of unborn babies. Various scanning options are available, including those intended to help establish an approximate birth date or just to get a better idea of what the child will look like. The studio also offers various extras such as hand and feet casts, or photography. Does what it says on the tin, gives you reassurance. I'm glad I got money off though as we were in less than 5 minutes and for £79 I would have felt annoyed by this. The room is tranquil though and the staff lovely and happy to answer questions. Lovely lovely people professional set up knowledgeable staff welcoming and supportive and very affordable pricing without them trying to cash in on peoples worry as pregnancy is quite a nervy time. used these people for all my pregnancys Fantastic experience! They were so lovely & it was just what we hoped for! Would definitely recommend! Really lovely service , very professional staff , was good to see it so busy ! A little wait to be seen past appointment time but that was ok ... I will be returning that’s for sure !! Such a positive experience. Really welcoming and friendly. My babies heartbeat couldn't be measured on the graph as too early so invited me back for my reassurance. Highly recommend Whilst the studio itself is lovely, and the lady on reception very friendly that’s where the positives ended. The scan itself was very rushed, we were in there for not even 5 minutes. The sonographer barely said anything and she then used the dopler to hear heartbeat. I’m only 8 weeks... we were so unhappy that we booked in for a proper first scan (same day) and the heartbeat was a lot faster than she measured. The scan machine itself wasn’t very good quality, she didn’t even zoom in to see baby. Do yourself a favour, and pay full price for a first scan which should last 30 mins. They will give you a proper check over ensuring all is okay. Much more reassuring than a quick 5 mins. It’s not worth the worry that you’ve not been checked properly. Great experience it was an early scan and I had a really full bladder. The stonographer made sure I could see the baby and heart beat before saying can you go and empty your bladder a bit. I thought this was so caring of her as I think I would have thought something was wrong if she hadn't shown us first! Will be back with the £10 voucher that was given off next visit! Five-Day, All-Inclusive Fishing Tour with Taylor Charters with Meals, Accommodations, and Gear in Gustavus, AK Fishing for halibut in Alaska's Icy Strait can be a wrestling match, as halibut average between 20 and 200 pounds and need to be stunned with a bat before being hauled aboard. Imagine dragging a couch up from 200 feet below the Pacific while it thrashes, and you get a sense of how going toe to toe with a giant halibut can literally break the legs of lesser fishermen. But with the guidance of Taylor Charters' captains, and fishing spots within 15 minutes from the dock, anglers have safely brought in halibut catches weighing more than 300 pounds every year. During five-day tours, Taylor Charters’ team customizes each trip based on your experience level and provides the necessary gear, bait, and expertise. Tours begin on a Monday in Gustavus—a village set against Glacier Bay’s snowcapped mountains. The first day is set aside for settling into the lodge. Each of the following mornings, captains greet you at the dock to load up on either a 28-foot aluminum boat or a 26-foot fiberglass boat. Groups of up to six will pick the fish species for the day so captains can set out for hot spots teeming with halibut, salmon—including king and silver salmon—lingcod, or colorful rockfish. The fishing areas are protected from the high seas of southeast Alaska and experienced fishers can try their hands at catching a salmon shark, which weigh up to 800 pounds and swim as fast as 60 miles per hour when chasing after salmon. Trips last from 7 a.m. to 4 p.m. Tuesday–Friday, with a half-day trip on Saturday from 7 a.m. to 1 p.m. Based on group preference, a day of fishing can be skipped to go whale-watching or sightseeing along Glacier Bay’s deep fjords. Included meals consist of an early breakfast in the lodge and a picnic lunch on the boat. Naturally, dinners tend to feature seafood, including macadamia-nut-crusted halibut, but lasagna and steak dishes are also on the menu. A town of fewer than 400 people about 60 miles west of Juneau, remote Gustavus is made up of scattered clapboard houses, log cabins, and farmsteads surrounded by wood-lined meadows. Since it sits just outside the Glacier Bay National Park’s boundaries, Gustavus acts as a gateway to open-air activities such as beach and trail hiking. The park isn’t easily accessed by foot, so most take a tour boat to see the park’s icy rivers, tidewater glaciers, and craggy walls. Because humpback and killer whales frequent waters around Gustavus, riding charters to get close to them is another favorite local pastime. But whale pods, puffins, sea otters, and other local wildlife will often move up close to boats on saltwater-fishing and sea-kayak trips. $1,770 for five-day, all-inclusive Alaskan fishing tour for one from HuntandGoFish.com; choose from the following travel dates: Depending on availability, guests will stay in a room or cabin at either Glacier Bay Eagles Nest Lodge, Glacier Bay Country Inn, Bear Track Inn, Majestic Expeditions, Annie Mae Lodge, or Great Chinook Lodge. $1,770 for five-day, all-inclusive Alaskan fishing tour for one from HuntandGoFish.com (a $2,950 value); choose from the following travel dates: A specialist applies each natural extension to each natural lash, resulting in a comfortable extension that lasts for up to eight weeks with proper maintenance. The 100% natural and cruelty-free mink extensions, made of genuine mink fur, have been handpicked for beauty and are sterilized and hypoallergenic.<p> Promotional value expires Nov 7, 2012. Amount paid never expires. Limit 1 per person, may buy 1 additional as a gift. Limit 1 per visit. Valid only for option purchased. 24hr cancellation notice required. Valid only with Kacey Payne. Merchant is solely responsible to purchasers for the care and quality of the advertised goods and services. The phrase “beauty runs in the family” takes on a second meaning when referring to Kacey Payne, the co-owner of About Phace Skincare Spa. The daughter of a hairdresser and the wife of a barber, she found her own niche by studying skincare and becoming a board-certified aesthetician. With 10 years of experience in her back pocket, she oversees her spa with a passion for skincare that rivals Super Mario’s passion for fungi, bringing back the factory-fresh glow of customers’ skin through an assortment of purifying, fortifying, and hydrating facials. Inside her spa, she also oversees full body-waxing services, tinting, and lash extensions that crown eyes with fluttery signage. These grand modern floor lamps boast styles inspired by vintage Italian furniture seen in a boutique hotel in Milan.

In the three weeks before the governor signed House Bill 244 -- which requires that voters carry one of six forms of picture ID to the polls to be allowed to vote -- his office received 331 calls asking him to veto it. And only 13 calls in its favor. Our clients feel the impact of every donation. Every donor fights in the trenches of the war on freedom of expression and thought. The following is a list of the foundations and corporations recognizing the value and impact of cartoonists in the political and social process. We thank these foundations and corporations for their support and confidence. Challenge Fund in Journalism, New York, NY, United States. A one-year $15,000 challenge grant to help CRNI develop its infrastructure and individual donor base. The Challenge Fund in Journalism is a partnership of the Knight, McCormick Tribune, Ford and Ethics and Excellence in Journalism Foundations. We were able to match the challenge through a donation from one individual of $25,000. UNESCO, Paris, France. A grant in 2006-07 to support the strengthening of CRNI's website. During 2007 the website came under very aggressive hacking attack from militant Islamists who wanted to silence our support for cartoonists in trouble. Most of the resources from this grant was devoted to defending our website with UNESCO consultants and reconstructing and reposting materials that had been lost during the attack. We were able to assure that no one would hack our website. To date, no one has. Open Society Foundation, London, England. A companion grant to the UNESCO project to strengthen our original website. Later, another grant to construct an entirely new website after repeated hacking. Working with a Baltimore website developing firm, we are busy developing new materials while designing a more exciting and dynamic website. Herb Block Foundation, Washington, DC, United States. A series of one-year grants to support CRNI's core operating costs. The Herb Block Foundation also assists in supporting our annual awards ceremony where CRNI honors a deserving cartoonist with the Award for Courage in Editorial Cartooning. Jyllands-Posten Foundation, Viby, Denmark. A grant to assist CRNI hold its annual awards dinner in Washington, D.C. in July, 2007. Young D.C., Washington, DC, United States. A series of annual grants from the Cartoons and Cocktails charity cartoon auction held each October at the National Press Club in Washington, D.C. These grants usually average about $1,500 each, with an accompanying donation of up to $650 for our featured cartoonist. New York Times Company Foundation, New York, NY, United States. A $5,000 grant to publish cartoon illustrated advocacy documents for cartoonists who are under great threat. DOEN Foundation, Amsterdam, Netherlands. A grant in 2012 to support MENA region cartoonists, to develop institutional capacity in the region, and to develop a safety manual for endangered cartoonists. Doha Center for Media Freedom, Doha Qatar. A grant to support our annual Award for Courage in Editorial Cartooning event in Salt Lake City, Utah USA that took place on June 29, 2013. Have your group play a quick game of "Taboo", "Charades" or "Win Lose or Draw". After a round or two ask these questions: Jesus often used parables to help his followers understand what the kingdom of heaven is like. They had never personally experienced the fullness of the kingdom of heaven. It is radically different than anything they had ever known He had to use ordinary life experiences to explain. In the "Sermon on the Mount" Matthew 5-6 Jesus lays out a whole new kingdom order. Essentially He takes the old laws that people had grown up with and set a much higher standard. Read Matthew 5-6 and circle the number of times Jesus says, "You have heard it said". How many times does Jesus say "blessed are those..." in chapter 5? Pretty radical stuff huh? Do you think it is possible to live up to Jesus' new standards? Why or why not? Does the Bible offer any suggestions as to how we can live such a holy life? 2. The parable says the weeds are planted by the enemy. Why do you think the enemy would do this? Spiritually speaking, what impact do you think a "weed" would have on the whole crop? 3. The owner of the field chooses to let the weeds and the crop grow together. He does this so that the true crop will have a chance to grow and mature naturally. What harm would have come if attempts were made to eliminate the weeds before the harvest? 3. When did you make the decision to become a fully devoted follower of Christ? What was that experience like? No body likes to think about impending doom. Some find it difficult to believe that a good and gracious God would actually condemn us to eternal punishment. But, Jesus' words are hard to dispute. Have you ever had an incredible and unique life changing experience and then tried to explain it to someone else? It can be a little frustrating. Sometimes the only thing you can do is describe your experience in terms the other person can relate to. You would use different comparisons as you speak to different people: A cook, a farmer, a mariner or a fisherman. This is exactly what Jesus does in Matthew 13. He uses common every day experiences to help his disciples understand what the kingdom of heaven is like. "The kingdom of heaven may be compared to a man who sowed good seed in his field..." (Matthew 13:24" 1. The good news will be imparted to everyone. But not everyone will choose to accept it. (Parable of the Sower and the Seed) 2. It is not always easy to recognize the true followers of Christ. (Parable of the Wheat and the Tares) 3. The enemy will always fight against progress. But the kingdom of heaven will advance and flourish despite efforts by the enemy. (Parables of the Farmer Sowing Seed, Mustard Seed, and the Levin) 5. Some day every Individual will held responsible before God. There will be a day of judgment which includes eternal rewards and punishments. (Parable of the Wheat and Tares and Parable of the Fish) Jesus uses these parables to spell out plainly what it means to be part of the Kingdom of Heaven. This second lesson in our series on Jesus' parables brings us face to face with the same sobering question. Are you willing to move from being a casual observer to a fully devoted follower of Christ? "When Christ first came on the scene, teaching and healing, many were drawn to Him. He was a curiosity, Someone to be impressed with and to talk about. Even the leaders of the people viewed Jesus as God's messenger (John 3:2). But as Jesus' message became more clear, and as He confronted each hearer with the challenge to choose, attitudes began to change. Jesus' teaching, exposed more and more clearly the sinfulness of current attitudes and ways." (Lawrence Richards) It would have been very easy for Jesus to draw a line in the sand and declare, "Are you in or out?" But he didn't. Instead he used a parable to explain the natural process of discerning true followers from the false. He will wait until harvest time, when he will sort out the thistles from the wheat and burn them. (13:30) "One of the most sobering passages of Scripture tells of a day when many who consider themselves to be followers of Jesus will be stunned to find out that He doesn't even recognize them. In the gospel of Luke chapter 13, Jesus tells of a day where everyone who has ever lived will stand before God. On that day many who call themselves Christians and identify themselves as followers will stand confidently in front of Jesus only to hear him say, "I never knew you. Away from me." Idleman's series is designed to help believers understand the difference between a fan and a follower. Jesus is equally clear in Matthew 13:40-42. "As the weeds are pulled up and burned in the fire, so it will be at the end of the age. The Son of Man will send out his angels, and they will weed out of his kingdom everything that causes sin and all who do evil. They will throw them into the blazing furnace, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth." There's an old saying, "if it walks like a duck and swims like a duck, it must be a duck." The truth is, if it walks like a duck and swims like a duck, it might just be a goose. Sometimes it's impossible to tell who is a follower and who is a fan. Who are the true Christians and who is just faking it? Let's consider a few practical applications from this parable: 1. Counterfeit Christians are everywhere.There are times when you really can't tell who is a true follower of Christ. 2. We should not judge others. Only God knows the true intentions of a man's heart. We have far better things to do than to cast judgement on others. God calls us to a life of patience and grace. 3. One day we will all stand before God. Since He is righteous and just, there is no way we can scheme our way into heaven. If we have rejected God, He will reject us and send us to our just reward. As the White House unveils its long-awaited proposals to prevent another Wall Street meltdown in the future, keep a lookout for three essentials. Without them the Street will revert to its old ways as soon as the coast clears. In fact, now that the government has bailed out the Street, the biggest banks will take even larger and more irresponsible risks because they’re officially too big to fail. So these three reforms are critical. 1. Stop bankers from making huge, risky bets with other peoples’ money. At the least, require they back their bets with a large percentage of their own capital, and bar them from raising money off their balance sheets through derivative trades. Also require they take their pay in stock options or warrants that can’t be cashed in for at least three years, so they’ll take a longer-term view. Best of all would be a requirement that investment banks return to being partnerships and the capital on their books be their own, not yours or your pension fund’s. When investment banks were partnerships, every partner took an active interest in what every other partner and trader was doing. The real mischief started once they started selling shares to the public. 2. Prevent any bank from becoming too big to fail. Separate commercial from investment banking, as they were before the late 1990s. Commercial banks should return to their basic function of linking savers with borrowers. Investment bankers should return to their casino function of placing bets in the stock market and advising you and others about where to place your own own bets. Combining the basic utility with the casino only made bankers far richer and subjected you and me to risks we didn’t bargain for. If separating commercial from investment banking isn’t enough to bring all banks down to reasonable size, use antitrust laws to break them up. 3. Root out three major conflicts of interest. (1) Credit-rating agencies should no longer be paid by the companies whose issues are being rated; they should be paid by those who use their ratings. (2) Institutional investors like pension funds and mutual funds should not be getting investment advice from the same banks that profit off their investments; the advice should come from sources without a financial stake; (3) the regional Feds that are responsible for much bank oversight should no longer be headed by presidents appointed by the region’s bankers; non-bankers should have the major say, and the regional presidents should have to be confirmed by the Senate. These three reforms will reduce the possibility that you and I and other taxpayers will ever again have to spend billions bailing out bankers who robbed us blind while amassing fortunes. But because that would make it next to impossible to make such fortunes in the future, the big bankers will fight every one of these with all guns blazing, and their lobbyists in full force. They’ll try to inundate you in a blizzard of buzz words. They want your eyes to gaze over, but don’t let them. Keep focused on these three issues. Congress, for its part, may not be much help. It’s awash in money from Wall Street. Big Finance is second only to the health-industrial complex in owning a large portion of the Hill. Barney Frank at House Banking can be relied on to try his best but others in the House and Senate may well roll over. The President wants to do the right thing but he’s spread thin and spending political capital on health care. Tim Geithner doesn’t have the stomach to take on the Street; the plan he announced a few days ago to regulate pay is a bad joke. Expect lots of blather about rearranging boxes on the regulatory organization chart. Bottom line: Genuine financial reform will be almost as difficult to achieve as real universal health care. Immense private interests are amassed against the public interest in both cases because staggering amounts of money are at stake. But they are the two most important domestic issues right now. Keep careful watch, and weigh in. Do you see anything in Obama’s proposals that relates seriously to these points?He seems to want to create a new regulatory safety net that effectively makes large US corporations equivalent to existing government sponsored entities like Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. This increases moral hazard rather than reduces it!Experience in the EU shows that when governments subsidize lame duck industry as the US is doing with bankrupt auto and financial institutions, this takes a life of its own with the expanded political patronage. Obama as a Chicago politican comes from this tradition. The prospects of an expanded captive electorate would excite any politician. The financial consequences are grave.The deadwood sustained by the government becomes a permanent drag on the economy resulting in permanantly lower growth rates. Public debt rises faster than GDP growth.Small wonder the IMF and former IMF advisers like Simon Johnson have taken such a negative view on the US right now. The US preaches fiscal responsibility to others but is practicing crony corporatist capitalism. Many Russian economists at the recent St. Petersberg economic forum were mocking the US for this hypocrisy. Stop bankers … bets with other peoples’ money. … When investment banks were partnerships, every partner took an active interest in what every other partner and trader was doingLove it. But, didn’t Lloyd’s have a problem in this situation? The killer on this is that there is a bigger entity than all of these financial institutions. That entity is all about “other people’s money”. How can that situation be fixed?Prevent any bank from becoming too big to fail.Agreed, but again, why stop with banks? Robert, are there any other entities you can think of that are “too big to fail”?Big Finance is second only to the health-industrial complex in owning a large portion of the Hill.Looking at campaign contributions, it looks like the financial guys are #1. Certainly for the presidential dollars, weren’t they? Makes sense, though, this election round. They knew they’d need a patsy real soon.Any highly regulated industry or government sector is guaranteed to toss in some pretty hefty cash bags. They’d be criminal and incompetent not to.Hey, what happened to telcom? Didn’t they used to be the #1 contributor of the non-government monopoly sectors? (ISMRM 2010) Design of a Dynamically-Controlled Resistive Shield for a Combined PET and Superconducting MRI System for Small Animal Imaging Design of a Dynamically-Controlled Resistive Shield for a Combined PET and Superconducting MRI System for Small Animal Imaging Combining conventional PET and MRI faces numerous technical challenges, particularly the sensitivity of photomultiplier tube-based (PMT) PET detectors to magnetic fields. The authors describe an approach to PET/MRI in which a resistive electromagnet shield is used to null the field at the PMTs of a conventional PET system in the vicinity of a superconducting MRI system. The electromagnetic characteristics of the shield coil are presented. This approach benefits from allowing the use of commercially available PET systems, which include state-of-the-art timing & energy resolution, high sensitivity, and highly optimized event processing hardware. ability abstract acceptable account advantage allowed allowing anatomical animal approaches authors available avalanche axial axially block boundary calibrated certainly challenges channel characteristics coil commercially compatible connected connects consists contrast cooling copper coupled coupling crystal deposition described design designed detector detectors directly disconnection distance disturbing dose efficiency element energy entire equipment essentially expected exposure extend extended field fields flow front function gain gauss gradient handler highly hollow human improved include insert intended interaction introduced layer length located location long longitudinal magnet magnitude major make medical mesh micron milliseconds modalities modification module monitoring motion moves must negligible novel null numerous offer operation optimized passive patients performance permanent physical physics place position power profile proposed radial radius reduce required requirements resistance resistive resolution ring section sensitivity separated separation several shield shielding studies substantially suffers superconducting supply system systems table targeted targets temperature term timing track turned type typically vicinity view water western widespread wire

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Below are a few the pictures involving DQdq Baby Girls’ Cotton Ruffles Romper Summer Dresses with Headband Striped Blue Large/24 Months: Tapioca Chips/Maravalli Kizhangu Chips - Chopped tapioca sticks or thin round tapioca slices are fried and then salted and spiced with chilli powder. It is a delicious evening time snack or it can also be eaten at any time of the day. Tapioca chips or most people known as kuchi chips may brings a lot of childhood memories for lot of peoples including me. It is one of my favorite snack. My mom have bought this snack so many times after I returned from school. I think it was Rs.5/- per packet at that time. I am not sure how much it is now because I am making this at home nowadays. The only hard job of making this chips at home is chopping and peeling. With the normal and regular peeler, you have to peel the tapioca twice before slicing it. First, peel off the brown skin and peel again to remove the white outer skin. Once you peeled the both skins, you can feel the moisture oozing out from the tapioca. In that way, you can make sure that you have removed the skin properly. In case you have a very good peeler, both the skins might come out together. To cut the tapioca, use sharp knife. It will do the job effortlessly. Make this crispy and delicious snack at home and enjoy!! 1Wash the tapioca and peel the skin with the help of a peeler. You have to peel both the brown skin and the white skin. If you are using a very good peeler, both skins may come off together. Otherwise first peel the brown skin and again peel the tapioca to remove the white outer skin. Now, wash these peeled tapioca to remove all dirt. To handle them easily, I usually cut the tapioca into two then wash it. 3Stack three to four slices and cut them into sticks like a match sticks. Cut the remaining slices too. 4Now, heat oil for deep frying. Once it is becomes hot, add tapioca sticks. Over medium flame fry these chips by mixing it very often. Fry till it becomes light golden brown. Do not fry them till brown or dark brown, otherwise the chips will be very hard to eat. 5Once you fried the chips, take them out and place in a kitchen towel to absorb excess oil. Fry the remaining tapioca sticks also. Once it is done and when it is still warm, transfer the chips to a bowl and add chilli powder, salt. Toss them till it is all well coated. Season the chips still they are warm. So that chilli powder and salt stick together with the chips well. You can also season them batch by batch immediately after frying. Be careful when you cut the tapioca. It will be very hard and good sharp knife will do the job perfectly. Instead of frying these chips in match stick shape, you can also fry them by slicing them into thin round slices. Though it is tough to cut them into uniform sticks, try to cut them as much as possible in uniform sizes. It helps to fry the chips evenly. This recipe is so Indian and I loved it! You may like these Mushroom Fritters from prokerala that i recently tried! Rev. John Hill, President of the Wyoming District of the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod, has received the Sabre of Boldness award for 2018. The editors of Gottesdienst announced this on Thursday, January 18th. You may watch the video of the presentation by clicking here. President Hill has been Wyoming District President since 2015. He is recognized as a model of steadfast adherence to confessional standards, especially for his efforts and leadership in his district that called the St. Louis seminary to account for its publication of an article in the Concordia Journal last year virtually promoting Darwinian evolution. The consequent broadside against him was uncalled for and unfortunate, implying that he and his district were wrong to respond to the article to this public error with a public defense of the faith. Although the writer of the article has since retracted his position, there has been no public retraction of the unfair accusations against President Hill. But his devout dedication has nevertheless been solid and marked by careful churchmanship. In receiving the award for him, Revs. Mark and Christian Preus, who reside in his district, referred to him as one of the humblest men they have ever known. The choice was a most difficult one to make, and the editors noted that there were ample reasons why either of the other two nominees might just as easily have been chosen. The other two nominees were Rev. Fr. Richard "Charles" Wokoma and Rev. Johannes Nieminen. and is responsible for the bulk of the teaching to between 80 to 100 seminarians annually. The Lutheran Church of Nigeria has recently been making great strides in returning the LCN to a solid confessional, sacramental, and liturgical foundation. Fr. Wokoma has been bold and faithful in the face of constant potential threats against him because of his confession, guiding the students as both a teacher and mentor. The men become pastors who are as solid and faithful as the best of our confessional young pastors in the Missouri Synod, theologically and liturgically, with full liturgical vestments. This church, moreover, is impoverished church and in need of our help. The South Wisconsin District of the LCMS has been raising funds to support them, and Gottesdienst will be pleased to add our plea to potential donors on their behalf. More information on this is forthcoming soon. Rev. Johannes Nieminen is the pastor of Zion and Trinity Lutheran Churches in Melville, Saskatchewan. He has demonstrated steadfast faithfulness over several years, and has been constant in seeking to conform his practice to biblical norms in the various aspects of his ministry. Over the first several years of his ministry he has shown an unbending allegiance to confessional standards in his preaching, writing, and practice that has been pastoral and dedicated. In addition to this year's recipient and nominees, the editors also wished to express a special word of acknowledgment for a lifetime of faithful labor in Christ to Rev. Fr. Charles Evanson. Fr. Evanson is well-known for his critical and sacrificial efforts toward making Redeemer Lutheran Church of Fort Wayne the confessional and liturgical standard-bearer it is today. Fr. Evanson served as pastor there from 1975 until 2000, . From 2000 until 2015 he then served with diligence and faithfulness overseas, mostly as seminary instructor for the Lutheran Church in Lithuania. A fitting tribute to him was written in 2015 by Concordia Theological Seminary President Lawrence Rast (available here). Fr. Evanson now suffers from A.L.S. and is living in Florida.

Welp, it's that time of year again when our beloved Alamo Drafthouse Cinema and the ever tasty Dogfish Head Brewing Co. get together and throw the Off-Centered Film Festival. Slated to go down April 18-20 in Austin, the festival's theme this year is "Hip-Hop, Off Centered." Submissions are being accepted now through March 1st and we're telling you this because we think San Antonio should go ahead and win all the awards this year. Because you've got the talent. We know. We've seen your work. It also doesn't hurt that the legendary Austin filmmaker Richard Linklater apparently said recently that if he were a filmmaker starting out now, he would do it in San Antonio. I mean, he's not wrong. Check out these past winners then scroll down for more info. Tags: Staff Blogs, alamo drafthouse, alamo, film, film festival, cinema, competition, dogfish head, Image, Video The thing about Manhunt 2 is that I could write “This game is twisted and sick — an affront to God himself” and they’d probably quote this review in a TV commercial. The Entertainment Software Rating Board demanded some major violence cutbacks for the game to even receive a “Mature” rating, but Manhunt 2 still treats us to criminally insane prisoners committing suicide and men dressed in farm-animal masks torturing strip-club patrons to death. If you can stomach it, the gameplay (especially with the motion-activated Wii remote commands) is interesting enough to occupy you for a while, but none of the game’s attempts to freak you out are nearly as unsettling as the thought that they actually toned this shit down before it got to you. Absolutely nothing fondles my inner nerd like a Bioware role-playing game. Whether encouraging me to pretend to be a Jedi for 40-plus hours (Knights of the Old Republic) or combining my love of kung-fu movies with my love of Raiden (Jade Empire), nobody encourages me to return to my pre-marriage, wan, anti-social state like Bioware. And Mass Effect plays like a weeklong interactive Star Trek with better special effects (and acting), practically begging me to call in sick. The game scores points over the KOTOR games with pretty cool voice-acting (Seth Green’s a minor character) and non-turn-based combat. For gamers crossing over to RPG territory for the first time, the turn-based combat was a real turnoff, but the constant control over all your party members did have a few advantages over the trimmed down Gears of War third-person shooter style Mass Effect employs. It’s hard to find many faults though, when everything from the soundtrack to the writing to the computer-generated graphics is probably better than any sci-fi movie since Serenity. Mytoons.com/blastoff: Hear ye, hear ye, SA animators: Locally based mytoons.com, an online animation community, will be awarding $7,000 in cash prizes to the winners of its Bumper Blastoff contest, open for entries until January 21, 2008. Follow the link for more details. Not skilled that way? Knock of the “blastoff” portion of the address above to enjoy sweet user-generated toons It should have a spirited praying-mantis-fighting-a-cart quality — a movie about farmers and regular urban folk opposing (mainly) Texas Republicans in their push to make us all lay down, get paved over with toll roads, then pay Cintra-Zachry for the pleasure. Instead, Trinity alum William Molina’s new documentary Truth Be Tolled (Storm Pictures) — although informative and midterm-election timely — is didactic and not nearly as entertaining as an insect Rumble ’Gainst the Tumbrel. Split into four acts (not three?), the movie was filmed this past summer, in year two of Cintra-Zachry and Governor Rick Perry’s quest to build a 4,000-mile network of toll roads and rail and utility lines from Laredo’s inland ports to the Oklahoma border — a $7-billion project mixed with asphalt, steel, composite materials, and the orgasmic cream of the megabuck highway lobby (and the cream of the politicians who love them). Known to some as the NAFTA Superhighway, it’s a right-of-way that would connect all points North American and guide trucked goods from the root (Mexico) to the toot (Canada). It’s better known as the Trans-Texas Corridor, and more cynically as the Trans-Texas Catastrophe by trailing Goob candidate and comptroller Carole Keeton Strayhorn, who appears in the documentary (along with a few statewide notables opposing toll roads, with Bexar County Commissioner Tommy Adkisson doing his best early slurry Brando — hot) and the Trans-Travesty Corridor by a woman testifying at one of the 54 public hearings that took place this summer. The woman’s impassioned appearance on the mic is just one of many that turn up in Truth. Now we arrive at my chief complaint about the doc — which is still looking for screening hosts and maybe some love from KLRN or FRONTLINE, so I’m loath to kill it in its crib. But 75 percent of the film comes from public-comment periods at hearings on the proposed TTC and toll projects being railroaded through Bexar County for highways 281, 1604, and 16 (aka Bandera Road). Imagine 30-second snapshots of high-decibel, pissed-off citizens amplified through bad high-school and city-government microphones. Scratch that. Imagine you’re in a stiff theater seat, facing a line of angry white people determined to slap and shake you like you’re the hysterical passenger from Airplane. For two hours. That’s not to say that Truth isn’t a good visual crib-sheet and antidote to pro-tolling pablum. The film collects every thread of the opposition’s argument: the environmental impact of more groundcover and development; the possible pledges to neglect existing free roads to divert traffic to the paid; how voters got duped into giving Perry the power to call in the toll; and the awesome powers of eminent domain. Here’s a not-so-funny thing about eminent domain: The 2005 Supreme Court Kelo ruling made it clear that there are no constitutional protections for private citizens if the government or one of its private-sector friends wants to put your home to better use. Those powers together with the TTC will ensure a trail of tears, says the movie and its star, the handsome Terri Hall from the San Antonio Toll Party. The stats-laden (and with-child-laden) Hall was on hand at a Trinity screening last week to pick up where the film essentially left off (August). TxDOT caved (September) under the weight of a lawsuit and finally unveiled its master plan for the first phase of the TTC: I-35 south of San Antonio would meet up north of Dallas-Fort Worth and go all the way to Oklahoma. She summed up the 1,600-page plan meaningfully: “1.2 million people will be displaced, and not just in rural Texas,” she said.

| Tags: #MeToo, Body Safety, child sexual abuse, child sexual abuse prevention, Darkness to Light, doctor's office, Larry Nassar, Today's Parent As your child gets older, you won’t always be in the room at their doctor’s appointments. Here’s how to help your kid navigate solo at medical visits. Below is an article that originally appeared in Today’s Parent, a publication based in Canada. The article, “7 Ways to Help Kids Feel Comfortable – and safe – at the Doctor’s Office,” features Darkness to Light’s Program Specialist, Carol Hogue. After a recent move, I was looking for a new pediatrician. Two actually: I have two teens, a girl and a boy, and each told me they’d prefer to see a doctor of their own gender. It seemed like a reasonable request, but it didn’t seem to be a common request at the first pediatrician’s office I called—at least judging by the receptionist’s indignation. “The doctor likes to treat all the children in the family,” she told me. “And he has just as many patients that are girls as boys. I wasn’t casting aspersions. I had called this doctor precisely because he had a good reputation. But in a world of #MeToo and the recent convictions of former USA national gymnastics team doctor and serial child molester, Larry Nassar, empowering my kids at the doctor’s office seemed more important than ever. Respecting their preferences about which doctor they would like to see, especially as they navigated puberty, simply felt like the right first step. So in spite of the receptionist’s protests, that’s what I did. It’s not easy for kids to feel in control in the doctor’s office, especially in the context of what is an imbalance of knowledge and power. So how can we help our kids to feel safe—and to know what to do, if ever they faced abuse—in this environment? Start teaching children about their bodies and boundaries when they are toddlers and provide choices so that they understand that they have the right to say “no,” says Cora Breuner, a pediatrician at Seattle Children’s Hospital and the chair of the American Academy of Pediatrics’ Committee on Adolescence. They should learn they have the right to accept or refuse physical contact such as hugs or tickles—even from family members and friends—from an early age and learn to trust their gut and talk with a trusted adult, if they feel uncomfortable in any situation. Educate yourself about what kinds of exams to expect at the doctor’s office at the different stages of development, as well as the facts about sexual abuse, recommends Carol Hogue, abuse prevention expert with the non-profit organization Darkness To Light. It’s important to inform your child about what should and shouldn’t happen in the doctor’s office, and what to do if something makes them uncomfortable. “At certain developmental stages, well-child visits will look different,” Hogue says. As boys and girls enter puberty, checking testicles and breast development is a normal part of medical exams. “A boy should know that the doctor will check his testicles, but that it should be brief and professional and there is a purpose behind it. When it is time for a girl to have a pelvic exam, you can help by verbally walking her through it to let her know what to expect, and by telling her that if something happens outside of that, she should let someone she trusts know about it.” “You can model empowerment in health care by asking the doctor questions during visits like ‘Why are you doing this now? What are you checking for?’” says Hogue. If the physician doesn’t want to answer, you can exercise your right to go elsewhere. In her practice, Breuner has found that boys have an especially hard time talking with doctors, which often means they stop having check-ups once they leave home. “No one is born knowing how to handle a doctor’s visit,” Breuner says. “The only way you can learn is by doing it. I role play doctors’ visits with my own sons, even now that they are in their twenties.” Learning the skills to navigate the doctor’s office by pre-adolescence is critical, because eventually, parents won’t be in the room. Why? This is the time when the doctor can ask about sexuality, drugs and alcohol, or abuse. “Kids will open up more when the parent isn’t in the room,” Breuner explains. Also, be very vigilant if your child is in a children’s hospital. When I was 9 years old, I was hospitalized in the top children’s hospital in Atlanta for strep throat. I had a private room and my mother stayed with me. My doctor was a female. One day two friendly men came into my room and introduced themselves as doctors. They were wearing stethoscopes and told my mother she would need to step out to the hall while they examined me. My mother left the room and one of the men listened to my heartbeat, then inserted something into my vagina and anus. It hurt, but I was so young and innocent and had no idea what was going on. Then he said the other man was an intern and needed to examine me as well. He did the same thing, they left, and my mother returned. When I grew up I thought about that incident and discussed it with a therapist who said that was absolutely not a medical procedure and that the men were pedophiles. When I think of how those men took advantage of a sick child, it disgusts and infuriates me. I wonder how many children they abused this way. Please warn parents to never ever leave their child alone no matter how powerful or friendly the health care worker is.

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Goodman is currently the Chair for Policy, Law and Ethics at Silicon Valley’s Singularity University. “With our increasing global interest in cybersecurity, the fintech space and the implications of cybercrime for business, we have a lot to learn about where the future is headed from someone with Marc’s background and expertise,” says Dr. Tom Corr, OCE’s President and CEO. “As cybersecurity makes advances, so will cybercrime and Marc’s extensive experience and research in this area makes him an ideal addition to Discovery 2017.” The keynote panel on Day 1 will delve into Technology of the Future and features high-profile executives from diverse industries, including Linda Hasenfratz, Chief Executive Officer, Linamar Corporation; P. Thomas (Tom) Jenkins, Chair of the Board, OpenText Corporation; Mark Henderson, Chairman, Ericsson Canada Inc.; and Dr. Dana (Keoki) Jackson, Chief Technology Officer, Lockheed Martin. 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First of all, McChrystal confirmed that Obama shows a complete lack of interest in military issues and was unprepared to talk in a substantive manner with the general who is leading America’s major war. This is a scary revelation. In fairness, Barack Obama has never shown an ability to "talk in a substantive manner" whenever he's been wrested from his trusty TelePrompTer. And to say that it's not a secret that a hard-left idealogue from one of our country's vast Ivy League idiocracies is "clueless about the military" is an understatement of massively epic proportions. Other comments reveal the personality conflicts and backbiting that is crippling the Obama administration’s ability to manage a major war. Holbrooke, the senior diplomat for the region, was described as being fearful for his job and therefore making snap decisions and demanding immediate progress – not a sound course in a counterinsurgency campaign. This matches what other people who have worked with him have told me. One slight disagreement: It's neither the personality conflicts nor the backbiting that's crippling this Administration's "ability" to manage a major war—it's the fact that the Administration is packed top to bottom with clueless idiots. It's evident that Barack Obama thinks of himself as the answer to every problem, and that he's surrounded himself by the same types of self-centered, highly-educated dolts as himself. But there's a vast difference between the skillset required to lecture for an hour to a bunch of mindless zombies in a classroom, and the one required to manage a multi-country conflict—and it's pretty clear that President Smarty Pants isn't interested in hearing any opinions that didn't originate in his little lecture circuit of friends. (Incidentally, the world had plenty of ill to say about George W. Bush's intelligence, but at least he was smart enough to surround himself with people from outside of his little niche circle when it was needed. Which is more than I can say for the current Placeholder-in-Chief.) Ambassador Eikenberry, a former general, is reportedly angry that he was not made the proconsul for Afghanistan and has worked to undermine McChrystal. According to McChrystal, Eikenberry gave him one view and Obama a completely different one concerning his views on the Kharzai regime. Apparently, this was a way for Eikenberry to give himself political cover if things go wrong. Clever politics – but it loses wars. The "mindless zombies" are forced to sit in the classroom for an hour and listen to the lecture. heh If nothing else, it certainly explains the rather frenzied aspect of 99% of the spam comments I read—though I will say that Frank's method of handling them still wins. The parents of former child star Gary Coleman have announced they will not fight his will. Sue and Willie Coleman told Meredith Vieira on the Today show Friday they are giving up any fight over their son’s body or estate. Coleman’s will is at the center of a battle between the actor’s ex-wife, Shannon Price, and his former manager, Dion Mial. In an interview on the Today show on Friday, Sue and Willie Coleman said they have given up the battle over Gary Coleman’s body and his estate. The Colemans said they had no intention of contesting his will, which was filed in Utah on June 8. The will names Coleman’s former manager, Dion Mial, as the executor of his estate. Shannon Price, Coleman’s ex-wife, has filed to contest the will, claiming she should have control of what happens to Coleman’s remains and power over his estate. Coleman’s parents just want all the drama to end and their son to be properly buried. “I want all the talk to stop,” Sue Coleman said. “Gary’s gone. I want his body put away respectfully so that we all can bring some closure to this part of him … Let’s just put him away so that his spirit can just go on to where it’s going. He’s at rest, I know he is, and the rest of us need to bring some closure to it.” This entry was posted on Wednesday, June 24th, 2009 at 4:45 PM and is filed under Cameo Appearances, Finger-pointing Goodness!. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed. If you’re a single christian and that’s the kind of relationship you desire, too, the christian dating services above will help you reach that goal in no time. Understanding the prevalence of the disability population in various us counties and cities is important for programs, urban, community, service planners and researchers to make decisions and address the needs of persons with disabilities. Equally yoked christian singles is a christian owned and operated dating service with local offices and online dating. 3 bed+ homes for sale in holden, me 04429 penobscot county brought to you by otgpropertiescom 3 bedrooms - , 1 bath, single-family home in holden, me . 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Our tour begins in the modern capital, Tashkent, where the exhibits of the city’s museums will set our investigations in context. From there we head to the oasis town of Khiva – once the final stopping-point of caravan trains before they set out on the long journey across the desert for Persia. The inner citadel of Ichan Kala, surrounded by huge crenellated clay walls, was the first site in the country to be listed by UNESCO. Architectural highlights include the Juma Mosque, with its forest of carved wooden columns – the oldest of which date from the 10th century. We shall traverse the Kyzylkum desert to Bukhara, a centre of culture and civilisation from the 6th century BC. The armies of Genghis Khan left little intact from the city’s earliest days, with a notable exception being the perfectly preserved 10th century Ismail Samani Mausoleum. Founded as early as the 7th century BC, the city of Samarkand is one of the oldest in all of Central Asia. Captured by Alexander the Great in 329 BC, it passed through the hands of successive civilisations before reaching its zenith as the capital of the Timurid Empire. The archaeological site of Afrasiab is preserved, along with astonishing frescoes bearing testimony to the vanished Sogdian civilisation that dominated trade along the Silk Road for centuries. Although the city walls of Samarkand are gone, the medieval layout remains in the narrow streets and many traditional houses. A highlight of our visit here will be the awe-inspiring Registan, bordered on three sides by elaborate madrasas and one of the most important complexes of Islamic architecture in the world. Our journey will also include Shakhrisabz, birthplace of Timur himself and recipient of his considerable architectural patronage. We will stay throughout at comfortable three or four-star hotels close to the key sites on our tour, and our visits will be complemented by regular talks given by our Tour Director. Please note that the below itinerary represents a guide to what we hope to offer, and some visits may be subject to change. Tour Director Andrew Wilson, BA, BD, FSAScot studied archaeology and then theology before working overseas as an archaeologist specialising in Roman frontier systems and Byzantine mosaics. He has led many tours for ACE in the Greco-Roman world, and also several in Britain, with a particular emphasis on the archaeology of his native Scotland. Andrew first led a tour for ACE to Uzbekistan in 2017, and he is delighted to be returning with another group in 2019. Arrive Tashkent 0915 and transfer to hotel for overnight stay. Morning tour of the city: Independence Square, Amir Temur monument, Museum of Applied Art. Afternoon: Khast-i-Imam complex (group of mosques and madrasas dating from the 16th to 20th centuries). Morning in Tashkent: State Museum of History of Uzbekistan (archaeological and ethnographical) followed by visit to Chorsu Bazaar. Afternoon: domestic flight to Urgench and transfer to city of Khiva for two nights. Drive through the Kyzylkum desert, occasionally sighting the River Oxus (now the Amu-Darya) crossed by Alexander the Great in 329 BC. Three nights in Bukhara. Samarkand: famed Registan Square with 15th and 17th century madrasas, Guri Amir mausoleum (burial place of Timur), Bibi Khanum mosque and colourful Siyob Bazaar. Samarkand: Shakhi-Zinda tiled funerary complex, observatory built by Ulugh Beg. Afternoon at ancient site of Afrasiab (rare 7th century Sogdian fresco), before train transfer to Tashkent for overnight stay. "Extraordinarily knowledgeable, and with great intellectual breadth. A good communicator, unfailingly open to debate. His readings from poetry, drama and historical sources were an absolute bonus.” return airfare, accommodation based on sharing a twin or double bedded room, full board with water & tea, excursions & admissions, gratuities, visa support documentation. Osteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common primary bone tumor seen in dogs. Other bone tumors (chondrosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, hemangiosarcoma, metastatic tumors) are possible, but much less frequent. OSA most commonly occurs in middle-aged dogs, although there is a small population of dogs that will develop it at a young age of 1-2 years old. The cause of this cancer is unknown, but clearly there appears to be a genetic component. The most commonly affected breeds include Saint Bernard, Great Dane, Golden retriever, Labrador retriever, Scottish deerhound, and Rottweiler. Other proposed causes include microscopic injury to bones in young growing dogs, metallic implants, and trauma. OSA occurs most commonly within the distal radius, followed by the proximal humerus, distal femur, and proximal tibia. However, this cancer can develop in any bone. In dogs, OSA is characterized by destructive primary tumor growth, the presence of microscopic spread in up to 90% of cases at the time of diagnosis, and an aggressive course of disease progression with metastasis to the lungs in less than 1 year in untreated dogs. The most common clinical signs associated with OSA are pain, swelling, and lameness. The affected area is typically fairly straightforward to localize on physical examination and the diagnosis is then made via radiographs (X-rays) of the bone in question, which typically show a pattern of bone destruction (osteolysis), abnormal bone growth (osteoproliferation), and, in some cases, fracture of the bone. In many cases, a presumptive diagnosis is made based upon the radiographic (X-ray) appearance of the lesion, combined with the patient history and signalment. Once a tentative diagnosis is made/suspected, certain screening tests are recommended to make sure the patient is otherwise healthy and to rule out the presence of measurable metastasis (present in 10-15% of patients at the time of presentation). Three-view thoracic radiographs are the most commonly used test for lung metastasis. With the increasing availability of computed tomography (CT), this more advanced imaging approach is gaining in popularity, particularly for its increased sensitivity in detecting small metastatic lesions that may be missed with radiographs. Abdominal ultrasound is occasionally used as part of routine screening, but is not considered a “mandatory” test given the low chance for OSA to metastasize to abdominal organs. Survey radiographs may be useful as there is an 8% chance of bone metastasis. Basic blood work is recommended to make sure the patient is otherwise healthy and a good candidate for treatment. Ultimately, definitive diagnosis requires histopathology (biopsy), which can be obtained via a small bone biopsy or in some cases, fine needle aspirate cytology. However, in most cases we have already made a presumptive diagnosis of OSA without a biopsy and often move forward with treatment, especially because a knowledge of the diagnosis does not change the treatment options for the local tumor, which in most cases will allow confirmation of the diagnosis. Wide margin surgical tumor removal is indicated as the initial treatment of OSA, and is considered the gold standard. Because most OSAs are located in the appendicular skeleton (aka the “long bones” of the limbs), full limb amputation is typically recommended. In certain cases, a limb-sparing surgery may be possible, where only the affected portion of the bone is removed and reconstructed with another bone (allograft) or metal spacer (endoprosthesis). This type of surgery is generally reserved for patients with OSA affecting the distal radius and is associated with a high rate of post-operative complications (implant failure, infection, and tumor regrowth). A non-surgical limb-sparing option is also available using radiation therapy, called stereotactic radiosurgery, and this can be used for OSA in any location (see below for more information). Thus, at this point, amputation tends to prevail as the top recommendation, even for tumors of the distal radius. Dogs with severe neurologic disease, and possibly orthopedic disease, may not be considered good candidates for amputation, but the majority of patients recover quickly and go on to live a normal life on 3 legs. If the tumor is located on one of the “flat bones” of the axial skeleton, such as the jaw (mandible, maxilla), skull, rib, scapula, or vertebrae, then a different type of surgery is recommended. Stereotactic radiotherapy involves the precise application of several beams of radiation aimed from various different angles in order to deliver a high dose of radiation to a designated tumor target, all while sparing the surrounding tissues (such as the skin). In some cases, such as Cyberknife, this treatment may be given by a robotic delivery system. Small studies evaluating the use of stereotactic radiation therapy followed by chemotherapy have shown similar patient outcomes as to those achieved with amputation and chemotherapy. Complications of stereotactic radiation therapy include fracture from radiation-induced bone necrosis and tumor regrowth. The best outcomes for dogs with OSA to date have been for those undergoing amputation followed by chemotherapy. Numerous chemotherapy protocols have been evaluated. There have been two studies that suggest the best outcomes are achieved with a protocol consisting of 6 doses of carboplatin, given as intravenous injections every 3 weeks. Other commonly used protocols include a 4-dose course of carboplatin, alternating carboplatin and doxorubicin (3 doses of each), or doxorubicin alone (5 doses every 2-3 weeks). Side effects with such chemotherapy protocols are typically predictable, manageable, and occur with rather low frequency, thus the quality of life for patients undergoing chemotherapy is considered to be excellent. There is currently one immunotherapy - Canine Osteosarcoma Vaccine - Live Listeria Vector (COV-LLV) - that has obtained conditional licensure by the USDA for use in dogs with OSA. This vaccine is designed to be given in patients that have undergone amputation followed by chemotherapy and is given as an intravenous infusion every 3 weeks for up to 3 treatments. The product consists of a modified live, attenuated strain of listeria that is meant to activate and redirect the patient’s own immune system cells (cytotoxic T-cells) to attack the tumor cells, even after the bacteria are cleared. Data from a small clinical trial in client-owned dogs with OSA suggested that the immunotherapy may be able to delay or prevent metastatic disease and thus prolong overall survival in dogs with OSA. Research on the product’s safety and efficacy in larger groups of client-owned dogs is ongoing. Other groups are also studying similar immunotherapies with the aim of training the patient’s own immune system to attack OSA cells by targeting specific proteins on the tumor cells’ surface. Results are pending. For dogs whose owners elect not to pursue definitive therapy and to instead prioritize palliative care, general measures to improve patient comfort may include analgesics such as tramadol, gabapentin, and amantadine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as carprofen, deracoxib, or piroxicam, and alternative approaches such as acupuncture. Radiation therapy can also be used in a palliative setting, typically given in lower overall doses than that used for stereotactic radiotherapy. Protocols available include the administration of 2 sequential treatments on back to back days or once weekly treatments for 3-4 sessions. The huge majority of dogs will derive some analgesic benefit from radiation within the first 1-2 weeks, but typically only for a period of a few months. Oftentimes patients undergoing radiation therapy are also given bisphosphonates, which are “bone filler” medications administered as IV infusions and aimed at reducing bone destruction and pain. The median survival time for dogs undergoing surgical tumor removal or stereotactic radiotherapy followed by conventional chemotherapy for OSA is approximately 10-12 months, with a 1-year survival rate approaching 50%. The 2-year survival rate for dogs undergoing surgery and chemotherapy ranges from 15-25% depending upon the study referenced. Dogs that undergo palliative radiation/bisphosphonates ± chemotherapy typically enjoy survival in the 4-8 month range, while dogs that do not undergo cancer-specific therapy typically are humanely euthanized due to uncontrolled pain within 1-2 months of diagnosis. Negative prognostic factors include higher body weight (giant breed dogs), elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP – measure of bone destruction on serum chemistry screen), elevated white blood cell counts, and proximal humerus location. Dogs with tumors arising on the mandible, ulna, and metacarpals/metatarsals/digits tend to have longer survivals. With the increasing amount of research being devoted to adjuvant immunotherapies, the goal of veterinary oncologists has become to increase the percent of long term survivors, all the while ensuring that each patient maintains an excellent quality of life both during and after therapy. Surely, we have more to learn and there is plenty of room to improve patient outcomes. Time will tell what the best combination of local and systemic therapy is for this disease.

Mohammad Musa might not be old enough to have taken his first step or sounded his first word, but that has not stopped a Pakistani court from charging the 9-month-old boy with attempted murder. The infant, along with his father and other family members, were booked for allegedly attacking police and gas company officials with rocks and wooden rods in a working class neighborhood of Lahore on February 1. Inspector Kashif Muhammad, who was in charge of the alleged crime scene and has since been suspended, wrote in his First Incident Report that it was a case of attempted murder. Mohammad appeared before a judge on Friday sitting on his father's lap and clasping a bottle. He began crying in court and was ultimately given bail. His grandfather at one point had to take his thumb and dip it in ink to place his print on the bail bond, as he was incapable of signing it himself. The case has been adjourned until April 12, at which point the child is expected to make an appearance. "Everyone in the court was saying 'How can such a small child be implicated in any case?' What kind of police do we have?" AFP cites his grandfather, 50-year-old Mohammad Yasin, as saying. Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIG) Rana Abdul Jabbar, who was responsible for suspending Kashif Muhammed, has ordered a probe into the incident. “A nine month old can never commit such a crime. This incident took place due to sheer misunderstanding on the police’s part and was not done on purpose,” The Express Tribune cited him as saying. The charge runs counter to Pakistan's minimum age of criminal responsibility, which was increased from seven to 12 years of age in 2013 except in terror-related cases. The judge, however, chose not to dismiss the case against the child, claiming it was not within his jurisdiction. But the family's lawyer, Chaudhry Irfan Sadiq, told AFP Friday the charges against the child should have been dropped. "The court should have simply referred the minor's case to the High Court to drop the charges against the innocent child and acquit him from the case," he said. Yasin claims the police had fabricated the charges because they were colluding in a plot to illegally evict them from their land and had illicitly obtained an order to sever their gas connection. “The police and gas company officials came without any notice and started removing gas meters from houses. Residents started protesting and blocked the road but ended the protest when senior police officers arrived in the area and assured them that no injustice would be done,” Yasin told AFP. The child's father, Mohammad Ahmed said police had registered a fake case against 25 people in total, including him and his son. Simon Matskeplishvili is a leading cardiologist in Russia. He is a member of the European Society of Cardiology and is also a member of the American College of Cardiology, the institution known for its strict rules on accepting foreigners. Simon has been a part of the Bakulev Scientific Centre of Cardiovascular Surgery, a leading Russian cardiology centre, since his postgraduate studies there. Cardiology wasn’t Simon’s first choice of career, however when he accidentally walked in on a cardiology seminar, he was absolutely amazed by the subject. He believes to be a cardiologist, one has to be an artist and a philosopher. When asked about euthanasia, he says, “Every second of each person’s life is valuable. If you are not the one who gave life to that particular person, you are in no position to take it away.” Simon has experienced first hand, a situation when other’s lives were taken away-he was in one of the twin towers in New York, when a plane crashed into it, on the 9th of September, 2001. At the beginning of the 20th century Russian lawyer Anatoly Konin, proposed a law on Euthanasia. But it has never been adopted. Today this issue is being discussed in Russia once again. More and more groups around the world are demanding "The right to Die with Dignity for the seriously ill, those who are doomed, anyway, and can no longer bare the severe suffering. But the society and the authorities disagree to live and let die. Why? Is Russia ready to - at least - start discussing the matter? The guest to answer questions today is a leading Russian Cardiologist, Dr. Simon Matskeplishvili. Opinion: while daylight is a ubiquitous resource that we often take for granted, it has complex long term impacts on our well-being Daylight is very good for our health, it saves energy that would otherwise be used for electric lighting and it is aesthetically pleasing. It is a ubiquitous resource to which, surprisingly, we often do not give a second thought. Being in daylight is when we have our best visual performance. It is well known that vitamin D is produced by exposure of skin to the ultraviolet light in the solar spectrum. It is perhaps less appreciated that it produces the neurotransmitter serotonin which can improve one’s mood. Thus maximising the daylight in buildings is not only intrinsically beneficial, but also contributes to the creation of productive working environments. Daylight is also a powerful cue to the maintenance of the circadian pacemaker within all of us that follows the cycle of night and day. Being crucial to the healthy regulation of our hormonal rhythms, it has a huge impact on our cognitive performance. More generally, the fact that the ultraviolet part of daylight kills germs means that it is also important for hygiene. Daylight also has much broader and more complex longer term impacts on our well-being that are only now beginning to be understood. For example, the lower annual cumulative solar exposure experienced by people living at higher latitudes appears to be associated with negative health effects, such as a significant association with earlier onset of multiple sclerosis. Another example is the role of daylight in enabling our eyes to develop properly. In some wealthier, hotter countries, many children appear to receive insufficient exposure to daylight because most time is spent in interior artificially-lit environments because of their air conditioning. This appears to be contributing to epidemic levels of myopia in many countries; for example up to one-fifth of children completing secondary schools in Taiwan, Singapore and Hong Kong often need glasses or contact lenses to correct severe myopia. We are therefore intimately reliant on, and thus predisposed to being in, daylight. During the day, we like to be in day-lit living and working interior environments. Bringing daylight into buildings, even with overcast skies, does usually provide sufficient illumination for the majority of activities during most of the day and has thus been a critical part of building design. From classical Roman to modernist architecture, windows and verandas have faced to the sun and atria and lightwells have been designed to allow daylight into deeper plan buildings. The fact that the ultraviolet part of daylight kills germs means that it is also important for hygiene As well as configuring buildings properly by elongating buildings along an east–west axis, good daylighting techniques include allowing daylight to enter high into rooms, admitting daylight from multiple sides of a space, mitigating direct sunlight from producing glare and using light coloured interior surfaces. Including features that allow daylight deeper into rooms is usually combined with controls that then turn-off artificial lighting to reduce electricity use. It also requires care in the location of activities: for example highly visual tasks should be done near a naturally-lit building perimeter, but computer screens should be perpendicular to windows. Daylight is often accompanied by solar heat gains through southerly-facing windows that reduce the auxiliary heating energy used to maintain comfort when outdoor conditions are cold. Even in hot climates, solar heat gain is useful as it can drive buoyantly-driven air flows that provide cooling by drawing air in from shaded areas. Technological systems collect the sun’s energy to heat fluids or produce electricity. In solar thermal collectors, a fluid flowing through usually a metal absorber typically transfers solar heat for applications from domestic hot water up to electrical power generation. The solar energy, of which daylight is a part, can also be converted directly to electricity in solar photovoltaic modules, using particular combinations of materials that absorb solar radiation to generate an electrical current. Much of this may seem obvious. But with the advent of electric lighting, air-conditioning, lifts and escalators, buildings not only became larger and taller, but also often have deeper plans with limited penetration of daylight. As a result, many people now spend much of their day in artificially lit spaces, from offices to shopping malls. This has consequences as more people receive insufficient vitamin D from their diet and limited exposure to sunlight. Eighty years after it was thought to have been eliminated, rickets, a disease caused by sunlight deprivation, is seeing a resurgence. But optimising our exposure to daylight is not simple and requires awareness of many counteracting factors. Whle too little daylight for too short a time produces insufficient vitamin D, too much exposure for too long can induce freckling, sunburn and skin cancer in those susceptible. In buildings, providing adequate daylight is generally good, but creating conditions that lead to glare must be avoided. Properly supporting the stimulus that maintains our daylight-driven circadian rhythms is also far from trivial. It requires a complex combination of light intensity, duration and timing of exposure to daylight, the amount of blue wavelengths in the received spectrum and that daylight’s spatial distribution. More emphasis on a holistic understanding of the many unexpected aspects of daylight will better allow us to optimise how we best use it.

Commentary. Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff has vowed to fight an impeachment process that increasingly seems like another Washington-backed coup. “I’m outraged by this decision. … I will not be beaten, I will not be paralyzed. I will continue to fight and I will fight as I did all my life.” Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff sounded her resilience with reporters after the House gave a green light for her impeachment on Sunday with two-thirds of the votes. Within 48 hours, a Senate special committee, appointed Tuesday, will have to choose its president and the rapporteur. With Thursday a holiday, a decision is expected next week. Later, the commission will have 10 days to study the case against Rousseff and prepare a report that will be discussed and submitted to vote in the plenary of the Senate, which will decide — by a simple majority — whether to table or send the process forward. If the case is accepted by the Senate, Rousseff will be suspended from office for 180 days and replaced by Vice President Michel Temer, who is also facing impeachment for allegedly rigging the government budget to make it appear better to voters. If Rousseff also loses in the commission vote, the senators will decide (by a two-thirds majority) whether to direct the president’s case to the Federal Supreme Court. “Temer is the return of inequality in Brazil,” said the leader of the Landless Workers’ Party, Joao Pedro Stedile. For days, parties and social movements on the left have been mobilizing against what they call an “institutional coup” set in motion by a discredited and corrupt right. The speaker of parliament, Eduardo Cunha, who initiated the impeachment, is being investigated for misappropriation of public money and dishonesty, and has so far managed to avoid jail thanks to parliamentary immunity. Three journalists who made public the Datagate scandal brought to light by the Edward Snowden leaks — Glenn Greenwald, Andrew Fishman and David Miranda — have denounced opposition senators who took a three-day trip to the U.S. immediately after the impeachment vote, including Aloysio Nunes, of the PSDB. Nunes met with various U.S. officials, some of whom are close to Hillary Clinton. Nunes, a 2014 presidential candidate for the PSDB who ran against Rousseff, is now weaving the threads of impeachment in the Senate. Greenwald recalls the controversy, supported by Rousseff during Datagate, when it turned out that the NSA had spied on both her and the state oil company, Petrobras. Washington does not consider Brazil a safe place for its capital, particularly if, in 2018, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva returned to the presidency. Rousseff has appointed him chief of the cabinet, but the courts have blocked the appointment. On the other hand, the journalists point out, the U.S. has a long history of interference and destabilization in Latin America, which continued even after the military coup in Brazil in 1964, that the right came to regret: in 2002 against Hugo Chavez, then in Haiti against Jean-Bertrand Aristide. And the support of then Secretary of State Hillary Clinton for the coup against Manuel Zelaya in Honduras was crucial, as she herself admits. Against Rousseff, a procedure is underway similar to that which, in 2012, overthrew the former bishop Fernando Lugo in Paraguay. Also on that occasion, Vice President Federico Franco ended the brief progressive movement, bringing the country to the right. Fully engage learners with physical and human topics such as tectonic and weather hazards, the issue of climate change and the deforestation of tropical rainforests. Make learning relevant with current, international case studies and enable future progression with a focus on embedding fieldwork, research and enquiry skills. Connect theory to real-life and encourage students to understand their role in society by considering different viewpoints, values and attitudes. Help students who do not speak English as a first language to succeed with clear language and geographical terms fully explained. "Four bags of reset body taste soy sauce cereals rice crackers" are 3,600 mg of dietary fiber, calorie control food of the collagen 100 mg combination (per one bag). A low-calorie cake of 5kcal per one piece. Germination brown rice, barley, brown rice, the black sesame which I roasted is the crunchy rice cracker with the black soybean more. I let soy sauce, a bonito, soup stock of the kombu work and am seasoned wind well and am eatable deliciously. ●A stomach becomes loose and, by constitution and physical condition, may not rarely match a body. In that case, please cancel use. ●The black drop to be seen in the surface is of cereals origin, and there is not the problem with quality. ●In this article manufacturing facility, it produces chicken, products including the pork to an egg, a milk ingredient, a peanut, prawns.

Today was a real lazy one. Although we got up at a reasonable time, we didn’t leave the trailer until afternoon when we decided to visit Depoe Bay. While pondering that short trip we just sat and read our books. We read a lot, just sitting here in the quiet. It must have rained last night because there were puddles on our picnic table. By the time we got in the truck the sun was trying to shine, and by the time we got to Depoe Bay it was in full bloom. Sunshine everywhere. Our objective was lunch at Gracie’s Sea Hag restaurant. We always eat there when in the vicinity because it’s good. I have the Crab Louie, and Diane has fish and chips. It’s the best around. Before going in to eat, however, we sat on a bench overlooking the inlet to the bay from the ocean and we were treated to a terrific show by a pod of whales. They were spouting all over the place and some were rolling to show us their fins and others gave us good looks at their tales. It was pretty awesome. It’s the first time I’ve ever seen whales off the Oregon coast. I forgot to mention that on the way through Depoe Bay on Monday we had to stop at the light and saw whales spouting so we knew they were in the area. What a treat. We returned to the park around 4:30 pm and sat on the beach for an hour, huddled in our winter coats watching the little children play in the freezing water unfazed. I actually remember those days when I thought the Pacific Ocean was warm. Brrrrrr. When the wind picked up, making the kiters happy, we returned to the trailer to warm up. Before going in I reconnected the satellite dish just for fun (it didn’t work yesterday) and it worked. Diane’s ecstatic! It works. Our southern exposure is severely limited so I’m surprised it worked. Now we can watch HGTV all night. Great, right? So, here we are at Beverly Beach on the glorious Oregon Coast. We arrived yesterday afternoon when it was bright, sunny, and warm. The space (C7) had all the necessary features (water, sewer, electricity, cable TV) but it was only 32 feet long. The trailer and truck need more like 45 feet of space. But, we parked, got the trailer stabilized and spent a pretty good night in the quiet. Right behind our spot is an ongoing bank stabilization project to keep the park from falling into the creek behind us. Big trees coming down and big rocks being added. Fun to watch but noisy when they got to work around 9 this morning. People gathered in the closed spot next to us to watch the chaos. So, I went to visit the Rangers to see if there was something a little further inland that was available. I though it was worth a shot because we watched a lot of big rigs filing out of the park. Luck was with us and Taylor, my Ranger, closed us out if C7 and logged us into G36. Doing this meant we’d have to rough it without sewer and TV. There was an outside chance the satellite receiver might work but it didn’t. BUT, G36 is a 65 foot long pull through spot so it was OK. We just decided we’d skip showers and only go to the bathroom every second time we felt the need. Now, considering our advanced age, that last bit was a stretch so we decided instead that we’d only flush every second time. After careful consideration we decided the heck with it, we’re on vacation, so we’re just going to use the bathroom whenever we want to. As many times as we want to. When the tank gets full we’ll deal with it. Sadly, when removing stuff from the truck I discovered that my treasured iPad has a cracked screen. It still works good, but it’s very unsightly and I just know that it won’t be long before I suffer a sever, life altering injury while swiping through one of my books. So, I’ll be looking at new ones sometime soon. Speaking of books … I downloaded a new one from iBooks yesterday and it doesn’t work like all the others. I checked. Instead of advancing a page forward when tapping the ride side of the screen, it goes back one page. Just the opposite of all the other books I have. Also, when viewing it in two column mode, you must read the right column first, then the left one or it doesn’t make any sense. So, I put it in scroll mode, which I don’t like but will use because I like the book. Very odd behavior. This morning, before changing spots, we went to Wal*Mart in Newport to get Diane some socks because her feet were cold and she didn’t bring any and I wouldn’t let her use mine. I knew right where Wal*Mart was because I had to go there yesterday to get an RV water regulator to replace the one I left laying on the garage floor at home. After returning “home” we went to the beach and took a nice long walk. According to Diane’s Fitbit we went 3.5 miles. Pretty good. I came back with a nice load of rocks to mess with. The first one I found was an agate. The rest weren’t. I have photos for all the things I mentioned, but can’t add them from my iPad. If I remember, I’ll add them when we get home next month. Until then. Stay safe and don’t believe everything you hear on the news. And, I lied about my socks. Diane can wear them any time she wants. The other day I noticed a Tesla Model S in the park and ride lot for the Columbia County Rider. Seemed a little odd to me that someone driving an electric vehicle would park it then jump on a gas guzzling bus. Could be, I suppose, they needed what charge they had remaining for their trip home after work. Speaking of electric vehicles. Do you, like me, find it unfair that electric car drivers are provided premium parking places, with chargers, all over the place? Seems to me that we who can’t afford an electric car should be provided comparable parking spots with gas pumps. Before getting to the cheerful stuff, I’m compelled to report that we’ve lost another friend. Mary Newell-Dickinson depart this mortal domain on August 20th. She was only 68, and passed peacefully in her sleep. Her departure was a total surprise to everyone, especially her husband, Ross. It’s a tragedy, but we rest comfortably in the knowledge that she’s just gone ahead to help us find our way when it’s our time. So, whether or not you knew Mary, please remember her and send healing prayers to Ross. Incidentally, Mary was a member of the OMTAAMB (One More Time Around Again Marching Band). Maybe you’ve heard of them. Yesterday Diane and I chipped in to help daughter Jennifer prepare food for the Hood to Coast walkers and runners. For those of you who are not familiar with the Hood to Coast, it’s a relay race from Mt. Hood to Seaside. It’s about a 200 mile trek for the runners. Walkers also relay but start from Portland. The object of this event is to make it to Seaside before all those who went before you drink all the beer. Team members take turns and each member normally runs or walks three 5 KM segments. The runners/walkers start in the morning and continue throughout the night with the last participants arriving in Seaside Saturday morning. It’s one of the largest relay races in the world, and they always come through St. Helens. One of the main stops for food is the Columbia County Fair Grounds which just happens to be located on the outskirts of St. Helens. One of the traditions for providing food is for the St. Helens High School parents and Seniors to sponsor the main food service for the Senior’s Safe & Sober program. They make lots of money doing this, but they provide some pretty good food in return. High Carb stuff to keep participants moving. Diane and my contribution was to make spaghetti for 200. We’ve never done that before so it was an exciting challenge. During our effort we made 8 gallons of sauce and boiled up 10 double packages of spaghetti noodles. The spaghetti noodles were cooked to perfection. I know that’s true because we know who Al Dente is. He lives just down the street. Now, here’s where I must share what learned during this evolution … when stirring either sauce, or noodles, it’s beneficial to have tools with handles that are longer than the water or sauce is deep. Not observing this rule results in repeated, painful burns to fingers when attempting to get stuff from the bottom of the pan. I only burned myself twice before opting for a long-handled spoon to finish the job. In all we had two very large pots of sauce, and I cooked the noodles 3 packages at a time in the same pots after moving the sauce to holding tanks with heaters. The hardest part about doing the noodles was waiting for the water to boil. For some reason it took an incredibly long time. Once it got going, however, it worked just fine so I just kept using it over and over, adding water sparingly to keep from cooling it down too much. The final vote of confidence for all that work was received from the runners who complimented Jennifer and Lydia on the great spaghetti. And, they sold every bit of it. We did good. After turning over our spaghetti efforts to Daniel & Jeran, Diane and I made ourselves presentable so we could join some of our Winnebago friends, Cliff, Susie, Carolann, & Terry at the St. Helens Elks Lodge for dinner. These folks park at the Elks a couple of times a year which gives us more opportunities to visit with them. We treasure our time with these folks. That’s Susie, Diane, Carolann, Terry, Me, and Cliff after the end of a pretty terrific meal served by one of the happiest waitresses I believe I’ve ever seen. As Terry said, “she should smile more.” She couldn’t do that, of course, because there wasn’t a moment when she wasn’t smiling. The St. Helens Elks Lodge #1999 sits on a hill with a terrific view of the Columbia River. I don’t have a photo to prove it, but that’s OK. I’m sure everyone believes me. Right? While Diane and I were playing with spaghetti, Jewel went to the Portland International Airport to meet her daughter, Jessica, and family when they arrived from Perth, Australia. That, my friends, is a very long trip. Now it’s Saturday, 1530 hours in the afternoon. This morning I mowed the entire yard, as well as one of our neighbor’s yards, edged stuff, and hauled a trailer load of debris to the burn pile. I could do that because it was only in the 80’s. I’m allowed outside when it’s under 90. I don’t know why it matter becasue I sweat just as much either way. But, rules are rules, ya know? Baylee has joined the majority portion of the world who wears glasses and she couldn’t be happier. Turns how she’s been having difficulty for a little while at school but it wasn’t noticeable to the teacher until she saw Baylee trying to hold her eyes open so she could see better. The teacher initially thought she was trying to stay awake. Far from it. Last Monday I had a doctor’s appointment but gave it up so Diane could go in my place. Since I don’t go to the doc very often I was pretty sure they wouldn’t notice that Diane wasn’t me. But, they fooled me, and knew it was Diane right away. I think it’s because her hair is longer than mine. Even though they knew it wasn’t me they chose to see Diane anyway because, well, she needed to be seen. My appointment was just for a 2-month followup. Nothing’s happened in the last two months, however, so I was OK not seeing the doc. But, as luck would have it, they had an opening with my doctor right after my original appointment, so all that subtrafuge, though fun, was a total waste of time. Diane had to see the doc because she developed a mysterious rash on her neck that was driving her nutsoid. She said it didn’t hurt, it just itched. We were concerned that it might be a new episode of shingles, and the doctor was wondering that herself. Diane now has some cream to help with the itch and it appears to be working. Me? I’m fine. My BP was 117/68 (or something like that), HR 72, and weight 197. The weight, of course, is incorrect. It always is at the doc’s office. I wonder why that is. In addition to asking all the normal questions about any changes I may have noticed, doc checked my ear to see how the Mohs surgery went. The ear is still a bit tender, but it healed so nicely that you can barely see that anything was done. My surgeon did a fabulous job. I also had photos taken of my retinas to see how my diabetes is going. I got the good news today that it’s all normal. Yesterday I was forced to go golfing with Junior and Doug and I had one of my better rounds (52). Not bad for a 37 handicap. Yes, that’s how bad I really am. The reason is because I’m no too concerned with trees and just pretend they aren’t there if they happen to be between me and where I want to go. Most of the time it doesn’t work, but the times it does is lots of fun. After golf I paid a visit to Eva, one of my high school class mates, who was having trouble with adding a Gmail account to her Outlook application. I couldn’t figure it out, but had a great visit. After returning home I went to work on the internet in an attempt to figure out how to fix it. It was a waste of time because I was really wanting to be outside working but Diane wouldn’t let me because it was so hot. Running 90+ I think and I’m forbidden to be outside when it’s that hot. I don’t mind, but hot days are the ones I’d rather be inside anyway so I don’t whine about it. Well, I don’t whine about it every time. Just once in a while, to keep in practice. No, regarding Gmail and Outlook … I figured it out this afternoon and it’s kind of interesting. I’d explain it to you but I don’t want to. If you’re really interested, let me know and I’ll tell you. Before doing the Gmail research, I hooked up the travel trailer in preparation for a run to the dump station next to Burgerville. Regarding that … I don’t believe any of the rumors going around about Burgerville using water from the dump station to wash their pans. I think it goes directly into the city sewer system. Honest. The trailer had to be dumped because when we left Big Eddy on July 24th their dump station was no available. So, we just went on home thinking we would do it when we got to St. Helens. But, we didn’t. Instead, we just went home to visit with Jewel and the dogs. Once the trailer was parked, there seemed to be too many other things going on that made hooking up the trailer difficult. Today, however, we decided that it had to be done since we will need to have all tanks empty for our trip to Beverly Beach next week. The dump went well, in case you’re wondering. Didn’t spill a drop. I was a bit concerned that the black tank may have solidified after sitting for a month, and that I may have to get a bunch of Fleet enemas to get things going, but it wasn’t necessary. It was a complete, uneventful evacuation of all tanks. Made me proud. Upon returning home I put on my outdoor work clothes because I wanted to flatten a portion of the front yard that’s been a lump for years. Despite warnings about temps too high for me to be working outside (98) I went anyway and accomplished the task. then I took a shower so Diane would let me sit in the living room this evening. For those of you keeping track of Jewel, I must admit that Diane and I are having difficulty helping her gain weight. She only weighs like 12 pounds and nothing seems to stick to her. Actually, she weighs more than that but it’s a secret. She did make a comment the other day that I thought was quite funny. She said she’s just a stick figure with wrinkles. But, she’s healthy and appears to be happy, so we should probably just quit making her eat ice cream all the time and leave her alone. Lydia’s team played some rousing rounds of bubble soccer in the high school gym this evening. It was fun to watch. After the girls had a few rounds, the parents got involved to play against their daughters. Jennifer, of course, was the first one on the floor so she could suit up and knock Lydia down. She did, too, but Lydia made her pay by knocking Mom down over and over. Jennie was laughing so hard she could hardly stand up. Everyone watching was laughing, also. Fun stuff. I took video but, alas, cannot make it work on the blog. Had to share Jennifer all suited up, though.

This hotel is beautiful and I initially would have never suspected bed bugs. However, we've just returned from our trip and we have some itchy welted bites on our bodies after a few nights at this hotel. I have a couple of terrible massive sores on my fingers. My only guess is that it could be bed bugs. I don't mean to slander any business but I believe that this is bedbugs. Luckily, we made the connection before going into our house and we've thrown out most of our things and that which A hotel can't control whether someone brings in bedbugs, but it can certainly control how those situations are handled. I always call a hotel before I stay there. The Asst Director of Rooms at he Hyatt candidly told me that there had been a report from a guest this March 2015. They had immediately taken that room and the ones above, below, and to either side out of service, as they do whether it is a reported or confirmed case. Ecolab does a full inspection. If nothing is found, these rooms are tracked and inspected more frequently. If bugs are confirmed, then they treat the room four times within seven days. Ecolab does random monthly checks. October 10-13, 19th Floor, we noticed bug bites but pass them off as spiders because we could not find anything on the sheets or mattresses. Bites continued to appear after we left the hotel. Washed all clothes and steamed luggage upon return home. 3 weeks later, first bed bug spotted in home. My family and I stayed at this hotel at the end of July 2013. While we did not notice any bites during the course of our stay (mainly because I had no idea what to even watch for), within 3 months of coming home our youngest son began breaking out in what appeared to be hives. After months of taking him to doctor after doctor and treating his "mystery rash", we finally discovered massive amounts of bed bugs in his bedroom/mattress/dresser. Boy do I wish I had known of this website back in July! My son is allergic to bed bugs and is now covered head to toe in a horrible rash that is not responding to ANYTHING! I have now spent over $2,000 on doctor bills, extermination costs, new furniture and laundry bills to eradicate this parasite. I did verify with my exterminator that the time frame is correct as far as when we stayed at the Hyatt Regency and when my son first started experiencing numerous amounts of bites. It takes approximately 2-4 months for bed bugs that have hitchhiked home with you to reproduce to numbers great enough to detect, and since this is the only place we have stayed before or after in over a year, I am absolutely 100% certain that this is where our bed bugs came from. Please, please, please check your room, bed and walls thoroughly if you choose to stay here, or any hotel, and use the luggage racks to keep your belongings off the bed and floor. On behalf of Hyatt Regency Chicago, we want to reach out to you regarding your stay earlier this month. Once we learned of your concerns, we immediately removed the guest room from service and contacted a nationally recognized pest control expert to inspect and treat the room. As an additional precaution, we also closed the adjacent rooms, including the rooms on either side, as well as above and below your guest room until they could also be inspected and treated. the cleanliness of our facilities are top priorities. We pride ourselves on keeping our teams equipped with the knowledge, training and tools needed to identify and address any issues, and we endeavor to ensure that every guest at our hotel enjoys a safe, clean and comfortable environment during their stay with us. Family stayed in this hotel March 28-30, 2012, Room 1682. Returned home to find daughter's back and hips covered with bug bites. I too travel a significant amount for my business and stay at this Hyatt at least once a month. It is one of my favorite places to stay the staff is fantastic the rooms are great and I have never seen as much as a trace of a bed bug. I reference every hotel I check into on this site before I make a Rsvp. I also have a 20 minute routine of checking every room I stay in before I ever take my bags into the room. I have checked out of 6 rooms this year alone because I have found bed bugs or signs of them. I am very keen s to what to look for. In owning a managing many apartment buildings these pests are something we deal with on a daily basis. This is a very well-run hotel and I will continue to stay there when in Chicago. The Bedbug Registry is a very important resource for me as I travel for over 80% of my business. The integrity of the site I find invaluable. I did stay at this Hyatt Regency on May 4th and 5th of 2011. I cannot attest to the complaints of the previous entry, but I can say that my room was clean and I experienced no bedbug issues. There was also a large Radiology convention taking place at the hotel and none of the Doctors I spoke with experienced any discomfort. I can recommend this locati We take any guest complaint very seriously, especially when it relates to our guests' well being. As we previously informed you, once we learned of your concerns, we immediately contacted a nationally recognized pest control expert, Ecolab, to conduct a thorough examination of your guestroom. This inspection failed to find any trace of bed bugs. In this particular case, despite the negative findings by Ecolab, a gesture of good will was made to you. We want to exceed our guests’ expectati ons, and it is our goal for each of our guests to enjoy a safe, clean and comfortable environment in our hotel. If you would like to discuss this matter with me further, please contact me directly at your convenience. Woke up on Friday morning and was coated with bedbug bites. Hotel claimed that an inspection of my room 3225 resulted in no findings. The red bites all over my can't be disputed.

State health agency: A state health agency (SHA), or state department of health, is a department or agency of the state governments of the United States focused on public health. The state secretary of health is a constitutional or at times a statutory official in several states of the United States.Combined Development Agency: The Combined Development Agency (CDA) was a defense purchasing authority established in 1948 by the governments of the United States and the United Kingdom. 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In 1978, the U.Self-rated health: Self-rated health (also called Self-reported health, Self-assessed health, or perceived health) refers to both a single question such as “in general, would you say that you health is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?” and a survey questionnaire in which participants assess different dimensions of their own health.Health policy: Health policy can be defined as the "decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific health care goals within a society."World Health Organization.Global Health Delivery ProjectLifestyle management programme: A lifestyle management programme (also referred to as a health promotion programme, health behaviour change programme, lifestyle improvement programme or wellness programme) is an intervention designed to promote positive lifestyle and behaviour change and is widely used in the field of health promotion.Companies OfficePious fraud: Pious fraud (Latin: pia fraus) is used to describe fraud in religion or medicine. 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The PRR will typically be calculated using a surveillance database in which reports of adverse events from a variety of drugs are recorded.Beef aging: Beef aging is a process of preparing beef for consumption, mainly by breaking down the connective tissue.Federal Civil Defense Administration: The Federal Civil Defense Administration (FCDA) was organized by President Harry S. Truman on 1 December 1950 through Executive Order 10186, and became an official government agency via the Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950 on 12 January 1951.ESCAIDEDrugstore.comHalfdan T. MahlerStrategic National Stockpile: The Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) is the United States' national repository of antibiotics, vaccines, chemical antidotes, antitoxins, and other critical medical equipment and supplies. In the event of a national emergency involving bioterrorism or a natural pandemic, the SNS has the capability to supplement and re-supply local health authorities that may be overwhelmed by the crisis, with response time as little as 12 hours.Munich Reinsurance America: Munich Reinsurance America (also called Munich Re America), formerly known as American Re Corporation before September 2006, is a major provider of property and casualty reinsurance in the United States. Munich Reinsurance America is a subsidiary of Munich Re.Opinion polling in the Philippine presidential election, 2010: Opinion polling (popularly known as surveys in the Philippines) for the 2010 Philippine presidential election is managed by two major polling firms: Social Weather Stations and Pulse Asia, and several minor polling firms. The polling firms conducted surveys both prior and after the deadline for filing of certificates of candidacies on December 1, 2009.Aging (scheduling): In Operating systems, Aging is a scheduling technique used to avoid starvation. Fixed priority scheduling is a scheduling discipline, in which tasks queued for utilizing a system resource are assigned a priority each.Massachusetts Tobacco Cessation and Prevention Program: The Massachusetts Tobacco Cessation and Prevention Program (MTCP) is an anti-tobacco program run by the Massachusetts Department of Public Health with the goal of decreasing tobacco prevalence in the state of Massachusetts. MTCP has four main components: preventing youth smoking, assisting current smokers with quitting, protecting against second hand smoke, and eliminating tobacco related disparities.Conservation technical assistanceBehavior: Behavior or behaviour (see spelling differences) is the range of actions and [made by individuals, organism]s, [[systems, or artificial entities in conjunction with themselves or their environment, which includes the other systems or organisms around as well as the (inanimate) physical environment. It is the response of the system or organism to various stimuli or inputs, whether [or external], [[conscious or subconscious, overt or covert, and voluntary or involuntary.Comprehensive Rural Health Project: The Comprehensive Rural Health Project (CRHP) is a non profit, non-governmental organization located in Jamkhed, Ahmednagar District in the state of Maharashtra, India. The organization works with rural communities to provide community-based primary healthcare and improve the general standard of living through a variety of community-led development programs, including Women's Self-Help Groups, Farmers' Clubs, Adolescent Programs and Sanitation and Watershed Development Programs.Healthcare in Tanzania: Health care in Tanzania is available depending on one's income and accessibility. People in urban areas have better access to private and public medical facilities.Notifiable disease: A notifiable disease is any disease that is required by law to be reported to government authorities. The collation of information allows the authorities to monitor the disease, and provides early warning of possible outbreaks.Sunday Bloody SundayULTRA (UK agency): ULTRA, the Unrelated Live Transplant Regulatory Authority, was a British agency that regulated organ transplants. According to the official website:Treatment Action Group: Treatment Action Group (TAG) is a US-based HIV/AIDS activist organization formed in 1991 involved with worldwide efforts to increase research on treatments for HIV and for deadly co-infections that affect people with HIV, such as hepatitis C and tuberculosis. The group also monitors research on HIV vaccines and fundamental science aimed at understanding the pathogenesis of HIV/AIDS.School health education: School Health Education see also: Health Promotion is the process of transferring health knowledge during a student's school years (K-12). Its uses are in general classified as Public Health Education and School Health Education.Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health: The Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health is one of the eight colleges of Georgia Southern University, located in Statesboro, Georgia, in the United States.San Diego County, California Probation: The San Diego County Probation Department is the body in San Diego County, California responsible for supervising convicted offenders in the community, either who are on probation, such as at the conclusion of their sentences, or while on community supervision orders.Local government areas of Scotland: Local government areas covering the whole of Scotland were first defined by the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1889. As currently defined, they are a result, for the most part, of the Local Government etc (Scotland) Act 1994.Chronic care: Chronic care refers to medical care which addresses pre-existing or long term illness, as opposed to acute care which is concerned with short term or severe illness of brief duration. Chronic medical conditions include asthma, diabetes, emphysema, chronic bronchitis, congestive heart disease, cirrhosis of the liver, hypertension and depression.Behavior change (public health): Behavior change is a central objective in public health interventions,WHO 2002: World Health Report 2002 - Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life Accessed Feb 2015 http://www.who.National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health: The National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health (NCCMH) is one of several centres of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) tasked with developing guidance on the appropriate treatment and care of people with specific conditions within the National Health Service (NHS) in England and Wales. It was established in 2001.University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonEnvironmental issues in Puget Sound: Puget Sound is a deep inlet of the Pacific Ocean in Washington, extending south from the Strait of Juan de Fuca through Admiralty Inlet. It was explored and named by Captain George Vancouver for his aide, Peter Puget, in 1792.Essence (Electronic Surveillance System for the Early Notification of Community-based Epidemics): Essence is the United States Department of Defense's Electronic Surveillance System for the Early Notification of Community-based Epidemics. Essence's goal is to monitor health data as it becomes available and discover epidemics and similar health concerns before they move out of control.Oncology benefit managementList of waterfalls in Oregon: There are at least 238 waterfalls in the U.S.Themis MedicareBlue Cross and Blue Shield of Kansas City: Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Kansas City (Blue KC) is an independent licensee of the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association and a not-for-profit health insurance provider with more than one million members. Founded in 1938, Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Kansas City offers a wide variety of healthcare, dental, life insurance and Medicare coverage.National Outbreak Reporting System: ==The National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS)==Salim Batla: Salim Batla, an investment manager turned risk manager is the founder of Implied Risk Calibration Theory. Implied Risk Calibration is a theory that attempts to mathematically explain the correlation between managing financial risks and the incremental risks that arise from such management.

This Organic Chamomile Lavender Dog Shampoo uses only the best ingredients the Earth has to offer because there are no preservatives, chemicals or artificial anything. This dog conditioner is extremely effective at nourishing and enriching your dog’s coat yet gentle enough for everyday use. This unique formula strengthens your dog’s coat while preventing matting and tangles. The natural ingredients were hand selected and painstakingly reviewed to ensure that the safest options were chosen to go into this bottle. The Organic Lavender allows for a calming aromatherapy experience making this dog conditioner the ideal finish for any bath time. The Organic Certification process lets you know that the USDA has maintained clear oversight of the production of this shampoo through inspections and testing. It guarantees the integrity of the product from farm to store. This Dog Conditioner has met incredibly high standards in ingredients and manufacturing making it the safest option for you and your dog. iRobot Roomba 770 Robot Vacuum for Pets & Allergies. The new Roomba 770 is iRobot’s Pet vacuum with dual HEPA Filters. It is effective at getting dirt, dust, pet fur, and pet hair from a variety of surfaces using its patented 3 stage cleaning system. Its dual HEPA filters traps dust and allergens and will keep your air clean and smelling fresh. Important for those with allergies. This sophisticated robot vacuum has Dirt Detect Series 2 Technology uses both optical and acoustic sensors to identify dirtier areas and spends more time cleaning them. Using advanced software and sensors, the Roomba 770’s iAdapt technology ensures that it vacuums every section of your floor, including areas you cannot easily reach, such as under furniture. As a multi-floor vacuum, this robotic vacuum will automatically adjust to clean carpets, hardwood, tile, and linoleum floors as it moves through your home. Roomba will vacuum every section of your floor multiple times, and its advanced software allows it to get around obstacles, move along walls and to avoid falling down stairs, drop-offs, and avoid tangles from loose cords. The improved brush requires less cleaning, as the brush mechanism cleans itself most of the time. AeroVac™ Series 2 Technology: Optimized airflow pulls hair off Roomba’s brushes and guides it to the back of the AeroVac bin. Full Bin Indicator tells you when to empty the dust bin. The Roomba 770 starts working for you at the push of the CLEAN button (on the top of the vacuum) or use the included Remote Control… …More… iRobot Roomba 780 Robot Vacuum for Pets & Allergies. The new Roomba 780 is iRobot’s Pet vacuum with dual HEPA Filters. It is effective at getting dirt, dust, pet fur, and pet hair from a variety of surfaces using its patented 3 stage cleaning system. Its dual HEPA filters traps dust and allergens and will keep your air clean and smelling fresh. Important for those with allergies. This sophisticated robot vacuum has Dirt Detect Series 2 Technology uses both optical and acoustic sensors to identify dirtier areas and spends more time cleaning them. Using advanced software and sensors, the Roomba 780’s iAdapt technology ensures that it vacuums every section of your floor, including areas you cannot easily reach, such as under furniture. As a multi-floor vacuum, this robotic vacuum will automatically adjust to clean carpets, hardwood, tile, and linoleum floors as it moves through your home. Roomba will vacuum every section of your floor multiple times, and its advanced software allows it to get around obstacles, move along walls and to avoid falling down stairs, drop-offs, and avoid tangles from loose cords. The improved brush requires less cleaning, as the brush mechanism cleans itself most of the time. AeroVac™ Series 2 Technology: Optimized airflow pulls hair off Roomba’s brushes and guides it to the back of the AeroVac bin. Full Bin Indicator tells you when to empty the dust bin. The Roomba 780 starts working for you at the push of the CLEAN button (on the top of the vacuum). …More… iRobot Roomba 630 Robot Vacuum for Pets. The Roomba 630 is iRobot’s lowest priced robot vacuum designed for pets. It is effective at getting dirt, dust, pet fur, and pet hair from a variety of surfaces using its patented 3 stage cleaning system. This sophisticated robot vacuum has Dirt Detect technology uses an acoustic sensor to identify dirtier areas and spends more time cleaning them. Using advanced software and sensors, the Roomba 630’s iAdapt technology ensures that it vacuums every section of your floor, including areas you cannot easily reach, such as under furniture. As a multi-floor vacuum, this robotic vacuum will automatically adjust to clean carpets, hardwood, tile, and linoleum floors as it moves through your home. Roomba will vacuum every section of your floor multiple times, and its advanced software allows it to get around obstacles, move along walls and to avoid falling down stairs, drop-offs, and avoid tangles from loose cords. The improved brush requires less cleaning, as the brush mechanism cleans itself most of the time. AeroVac Technology: Optimized airflow pulls hair off Roomba’s brushes and guides it to the back of the AeroVac bin. The Roomba 630 starts working for you at the push of the CLEAN button (on the top of the vacuum). Included Virtual Wall keeps vacuum restricted to rooms of your choice. …More… These results show books which have been specifically tagged with this keyword. You can also try doing a general search for the term "age play erotica" . These results show books which have been specifically tagged with this keyword. You can also try doing a general search for the term "fantasy about a fairy" . Price: $2.99 USD. Words: 15,850. Language: English. Published: December 27, 2016. Categories: Fiction » Fantasy » Contemporary With teamwork and a little fairy magic, Daisy, Beasty, Tricia and the team battle Bly, the dessert-baking king of Bittersweet Gulch, and his cookie-loving slug army to find a magical crown and return it to its rightful owners. All Matilda Whipplethorn’s roads lead to Rome. Iris must be made a cardinal and they have a new family to protect. There’s only one fairy they can turn to and he’s in The Eternal City of Rome. Pope Joyous can intervene in affairs of state. But will he? Tom is simply trying to make an honest living peddling herbs he picks in the woods, when he stumbles upon the court of none other that Titania herself... and the Faerie Queen has quite an appetite for men, once she's reshaped them to suit her tastes... The Fallen Fairy is a tale about the discovery of a hapless fairy incarnated as a woman. Otherworldly sorcerers swoop in to vie for her affections in the interests of love, occult power, and opportunism. Transferences of inscrutable power and political intrigue set the stage for radical transformations in this magical drama woven with alchemy, medieval occultism, steganography, and sex magic. Reírse is a bitter butterfly who can't keep a job and has an irrational fear of crowds. But who could blame him when he's only the size of an actual butterfly? He meets up with the Princess Rihanna and convinces her to hire him as a guide. Rihanna is an adventurous princess who escapes from her palace and goes on adventures often. Together, they go on a short adventure until she's called away. When Luke MacDonald, a charming Braunach from 19th century Ireland, time jumps to the future to reclaim his family’s gold, he falls in love with the Cornish Pixie who took it. The stolen gold pays for her sister’s treatments at the Children’s Hospital, but Luke needs the gold to help his uncle regain his failing mind. Can he find a way to satisfy both their families and their hearts? A fanciful tale about what happens when God employs a tooth fairy to cover him when he takes a holiday. If you are looking for dishes to create with cheese, this cookbook is for you. This cookbook features 50 easy to cook recipes that all are centered around cooking with cheese. Learn some of the best tasting recipes with Cheddar, Mozzarella, Swiss cheese, fresh cheese curds, and more! Tags: recipes cookbook wine cheese recipe book cooking with cheese cheddar mozzarella cheese curds curds how to cook cheese curd swiss cheese muenster provolone cooks book cooking ideas making dinner with cheese cheese dishes cheesy entre cheesy entres cheese and food wine and cheese wine with cheese cheddar cheese mozzarella stretching curds mozzarella curd making fresh mozzarella Newly ordained transitional deacon Michael Carter, SSE, foreground, walks beside Burlington Bishop Christopher Coyne at Saturday's Mass in the campus Chapel. At left is Rev. Msgr. John McDermott, master of ceremonies, and newly ordained Permanent Deacon for the Diocese Philip J. Lawson. During a well-attended special 11 a.m. Mass on February 11 in the Chapel of Saint Michael the Archangel on campus, Burlington Bishop Christopher Coyne presided at the ordination to the transitional diaconate for Brother Michael Carter ’12 of the Society of Saint Edmund, and to the permanent diaconate for Philip J. Lawson of the Diocese of Burlington. Michael Carter, who is preparing for priestly ordination as a member of the founding religious order of Saint Michael’s College, has been very active in Campus Ministry and teaching since returning from his theology studies at Boston College to live among the resident Edmundite community on campus. A reception in the Dion Family Student Center followed the Mass. Cori Fugere Urban ’81, a reporter for Vermont Catholic Magazine, covered the event and posted this good report on the Diocese’ website. There is no question that Medicare can be complicated. However, the best time to deal with this is when you turn 65. After all, the only way the government will automatically sign you up for these benefits is if you are currently drawing benefits from Social security. There are some cases where you may want [...] We have access to all of Medigap Plans in Maryland. We work with all of the Maryland Medicare Plans and the leading PDP and MA plans as well. 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HOUSTON -- Behind a dominant outing on the mound from Carlos Martinez and an offensive onslaught featuring 12 hits and home runs from Jeremy Hazelbaker and Brandon Moss, the Cardinals won their fourth in a row, beating the Astros, 8-2, at Minute Maid Park on Wednesday afternoon. With the victory, the Cardinals maintained their one-game lead over the Pirates for the second National League Wild Card berth. They are two games behind the Giants for the top NL Wild Card spot. Martinez held the Astros' inconsistent offense down long enough for St. Louis to storm out to a 4-0 lead after three. The 24-year-old right-hander went seven innings, surrendering only one run while keeping Houston hitless until the sixth. It was the third time in the past four games that the Astros scored only two runs, and it was a rebound performance for Martinez following the unraveling he endured near the end of his last start in Chicago. "It's fun to watch how he takes some hard lessons like maybe he got in Chicago and how focused he stayed all the way through this game," Cardinals manager Mike Matheny said. "He wants to be great. And he has every tool necessary to be great. We just want to help him get out of his own way sometimes." Trailing, 8-2, in the bottom of the ninth, the Astros loaded the bases with no outs, but Matt Bowman came on and struck out Teoscar Hernandez and Evan Gattis and induced George Springer to ground out and strand all three runners. "The rollercoaster ride that we've been on is no fun when we're in this portion of it," Astros manager A.J. Hinch said. "This game will test your character. It will test your resolve. It will test your ability to come back from adversity, and this is yet another test for us." Masterful Martinez: Martinez delivered his strongest performance since the All-Star break to snap a personal three-start winless streak. His efficiency was sensational, as Martinez breezed through five hitless innings on 52 pitches and threw 79 over seven innings. The right-hander struck out seven and induced a slew of weak ground-ball outs while featuring his sinker and offspeed pitches prominently. It was Martinez's 10th season start of one or fewer runs allowed. No one else in the Cardinals' rotation has more than five. "That's especially why I really tried to mix up the balls and work the corners because they're known as a team that is really aggressive from the jump and they swing a lot," Martinez said, speaking through a translator. "I saw that my sinker was doing really well with lower velocity, so I decided not to really outdo myself." Lacking quality: For the fourth consecutive game, the Astros couldn't get a quality start out of their starter. This time, veteran Doug Fister allowed seven hits and four runs in only four innings. The nine runs he's given up in his last two starts tie a season high for the most the right-hander has surrendered in consecutive starts this season. "[St. Louis] hung in there pretty effectively, hitting foul ball after foul ball after foul ball and then putting the ball in play," Hinch said. "... You look up and Doug's at 90-plus pitches in the fourth inning. Doug didn't quite have the put-away pitches to end at-bats on time." More > Power hungry: Hazelbaker's fourth-inning solo homer not only extended the Cardinals' lead, but it also put the 2016 offense in the franchise record books. For the first time in club history, 10 players have connected for at least nine home runs. The previous franchise high of nine had been set back in 2000. The Cards have strung together eight consecutive multihomer games, also a franchise record. "I'm happy with the fact that we're spreading the wealth," Matheny said. "It keeps your team in it every game. All the way through our lineup, we have the ability to do damage with the long ball, and that's a nice attribute for an offense to have." More > Offense disappears: While the offense suffered a dry spell earlier in the month of August, Houston had seemingly gotten back on track lately, scoring 39 runs in its previous five games. But the Astros fell right back into that same lull, not notching a hit or run until the bottom of the sixth. "The more that we swing outside the strike zone," Hinch said, "trying to do too much, trying to be the guy, [the more] we see some rough games along the way." "The last two outings he's had have been extremely impressive. He and [catcher] Yadi [Molina] are getting a good feel for how to expand the plate. He's got guys really considering that sinker all the time because it's an above-average pitch. -- Matheny on Bowman, who has worked out of bases-loaded, no-out jams in each of his past two appearances Moss' three-run blast in the seventh was his team-leading 22nd homer and fourth in the first six games of the Cardinals' road trip. With this power surge, Moss has dropped his at-bats per home run ratio to 12.73, the lowest among all Major League hitters with a minimum of 160 at-bats. Astros shortstop Carlos Correa was riding a career-long hitting streak of 11 games, but that streak was broken Wednesday when Correa went 0-for-4 at the plate. "[Martinez] had everything working," Correa said. "His changeup was good, slider was good. He was commanding his fastball, so it was tough today." Cardinals: After an off-day Thursday, the Cardinals will open the final leg of a three-city road trip Friday with a 6:05 p.m. CT game against the Phillies at Citizens Bank Park. Starter Adam Wainwright will look to get back on track after allowing 13 runs in his past two outings. Wainwright is coming off a career-low two-inning start. Astros: The Astros continue their tough stretch of 15 of 17 on the road with a four-game series against the Orioles at Camden Yards, starting Thursday at 6:05 p.m CT. Joe Musgrove (1-0, 1.47 ERA) will take the mound for Houston in his third Major League start. NEW YORK -- Mets infielder Asdrubal Cabrera will have an MRI exam on his lower back Friday, after leaving Thursday's 7-2 win over the Reds in the eighth inning. Cabrera was hurt making a throw from third base in the seventh inning. He said he doesn't believe the injury is serious, and said an initial exam by a Mets doctor also suggested it could be a minor issue. The Mets were already short on healthy infielders, with Wilmer Flores finding out Thursday he'll miss the rest of the season with a broken nose. Shortstop Amed Rosario missed his fourth straight game Thursday, because of swelling in his right index finger. • David J. Skaff has been named treasurer of Glacier Hills board of directors. Skaff is currently the executive vice president and chief business banking officer for United Bank & Trust. Glacial Hills Inc. is the parent company of Glacier Hills Senior Living Community in Ann Arbor. • Ann Arbor-based public health organization NSF International has promoted two to senior vice president: Tom Chestnut was promoted to senior vice president, global food division, and Chandana Kathuria was promoted to senior vice president and chief information officer/lean program leader. NSF International is an independent organization that writes standards, and tests and certifies products for the water, food, health sciences and consumer goods industries. • Ann Arbor-based Arbor Teas in March was inducted into the International Green Industry Hall of Fame. IGIHOF, a nonprofit based in California, recognizes individuals and organizations committed to creating a better environment through green practices. • The latest Hospital Safety Score released from The Leapfrog Group awarded "A" grades to five Saint Joseph Mercy Health System hospitals for their ability to protect patients from accidents, errors, injuries and infections. Making the "A" grade were Chelsea Community Hospital, St. Joseph Mercy Ann Arbor, St. Joseph Mercy Oakland, St. Joseph Mercy Port Huron and St. Mary Mercy Livonia. St. Joseph Mercy Livingston received a "B" score. • Eastern Michigan University recently named Calvin Phillips associate vice president of student affairs, pending approval by the university’s board of Regents. Phillips currently serves as vice president for student affairs at Northern State University in Aberdeen, S.D. • Ann Arbor-based Domino's Pizza recently announced it had opened its 11,000th store. The newest location is in Brantford, Ontario. • ProQuest has acquired U.K.-based Pi2 Solutions, a provider of product literature databases, workflow tools and related outsourcing services for global pharmaceutical companies. ProQuest plans to align Pi2 with its ProQuest Dialog corporate information service to expand ProQuest's presence in the pharmaceutical industry. ProQuest, based in Ann Arbor, is a producer of cloud-based research and information technologies for librarians, students and researchers. • Aysling, formerly known as Aysling Digital Media Solutions, April 30 announced that it has rebranded itself and moved to a new corporate headquarters in Ann Arbor. Founded in 2005 as WoodWing Solutions, Aysling is a provider of Adobe and WoodWing digital publishing software solutions and digital media production services for publishers, retailers, corporations and agencies around the world. Paparazzi highlights photos of industry awards, corporate donations to a local charity or other business happenings in the greater Ann Arbor area. Eastern Michigan University faculty members received honors during a celebration of excellence in March.courtesy of EMU Five Eastern Michigan University faculty members and a full-time lecturer were honored for their excellence in teaching, research and other categories during the 37th annual Academic Awards celebration March 26 in the EMU Student Center. The Academic Awards are part of the weeklong celebration on Eastern's campus known as the "Week of Excellence." The Ronald W. Collins Distinguished Faculty Award is the highest honor a faculty member can receive at the university. Up to six faculty members are recognized each year. The winners will receive a plaque and a $3,500 honorarium and the Full-Time Lecturers Outstanding Teaching Award winner receives a plaque and a $1,000 honorarium. This year, Pamela Landau, lecturer in psychology, was presented with the EMU Full-Time Lecturers Outstanding Teaching Award. Steven Ramold, professor of history, received the received the 2013 Ronald W. Collins Distinguished Faculty Award - Teaching II.Heather Janisse, a professor of psychology, received the 2013 Ronald W. Collins Distinguished Faculty Award - Research I. Philip Schmitz, a professor of history, received the 2013 Ronald W. Collins Distinguished Faculty Award – Research II. Joan Cowdery, a professor in health promotion and human performance, received the 2013 Ronald W. Collins Distinguished Faculty Award – Research II. Pirooz Aghssa, a professor in the department of Communication, Media & Theatre Arts, received the 2013 Ronald W. Collins Distinguished Faculty Award – Creative/Artistic Activity. Additionally, Doris Fields, a professor in the department of Communication, Media & Theatre Arts, was acknowledged as Eastern Michigan University's nominee for the seventh annual Michigan Distinguished Professor of the Year. Datebook is your source for information about important business events going on in the greater Ann Arbor area. • Tuesday: Ann Arbor OpenCoffee. 8-9:30 a.m. SPARK Central, 330 E. Liberty, Ann Arbor. This is strictly a networking event for entrepreneurs, investors, and those who work with innovation businesses. As always, bring your business cards. Mighty Good Coffee will be provided, compliments of SPARK. Free. More information: http://www.annarborusa.org/events. To enter your business event in the Mlive events calendar, visit http://myevent.mlive.com/web/event.php.

The Active Release Techniques system was developed in 1984 by Dr. Michael Leahy, a Colorado chiropractor who became interested in treating soft tissue problems early in his practice. “The typical methods we had just weren’t fast enough — ultrasound, electrical stimulation, (applying) hot and cold. The athletes I was treating needed something a lot quicker than that,”said Leahy, who was a college athlete and has a background in engineering. “That led me right into soft tissue in sports and after that soft tissue (disorders) in the workplace and other areas,”Leahy said in an interview from Colorado Springs. Thinking like an engineer in terms of biomechanics, and force and function _ and combining that with his knowledge of anatomy, led him to come up with a way to help athletes. He also began applying the principles to treat people with carpal tunnel syndrome. If people can go back to work, he considers that a success, he said. Over the years the number of professionals who have learned active ,release has risen to about 3,000. Chiropractors still make up the largest number of ART providers, about 65 per cent. Leahy said. But he adds the technique is beginning lo cross professional barriers. Physiotherapists make up the second largest group, and a number of athletic trainer & have also become certified. Leahy said a few doctors have taken the classes to help them diagnose conditions. Calgary neurologist Dr. Christopher White said he has not come across good-quality studies using control groups that determine scientifically whether the therapy is effective. White notes active release therapy is not regulated. Therapists might say they do active release but not have the proper training, he said, adding that may be a concern to ART providers who have studied it extensively. Edmonton chiropractor Dr. Christpher Komarnisky. a certified ART provider and instructor, said patients should check whether the person they go to has the proper credentials. “They’ll have a certificate on the wall that says they’re either certified in spine, upper extremity’ or lower extremity. There’s also a level 3 .. . which is a specific course for biomechanics using active release,” he said. “They are good for a year and then you’re supposed to re-credential and the purpose of that is to increase the skill of the practitioner.” Soft-tissue treatment helps pro athletes and office workers By Julia Necheff / The Canadian Press – DEC 31, 2002 But her pursuit of perfection includes not just countless hours of practising on the ice; it’s also the half-hour or so she spends in Dr. Allan Jeffels’s treatment room easing her aches and getting the knots out of her hardworking muscles so she can perform to her potential. Jeffels is a practitioner of a patented form of soft-tissue therapy called Active Release Techniques, which Sale has embraced enthusiastically. It’s not just Sale. Many high-profile athletes, including sprinter Donovan Bailey, have sworn by ART. Professional hockey players such as Jarome Iginla and Rob Niedermayer of the NHL’s Calgary Flames are using it. But Sale says active release therapy is not only for athletes – “it’s for people who are in discomfort every day” – adding that she has sent her mother and cousin for ART. Those with repetitive strain injuries or tendinitis conditions such as tennis elbow and frozen shoulder have also reported relief after ART treatment. ART providers say they can use the therapy for a wide variety of conditions. If it involves soft tissue – muscles, tendons, ligaments, fascia (the fibrous tissues that hold muscles together) – or trapped nerves, ART can treat it, proponents say. The goal of ART is to relieve pain and dysfunction. The basic premise is that scar tissue builds up at an injury site, trapping nerves or preventing tendons, ligaments and muscles from working properly; it’s as if your muscles are Velcroed together when they should be moving smoothly across one another. The practitioner finds the scar tissue and breaks up the adhesions by putting tension on it while moving the muscle through a full range of motion. While she was training for competition Sale says she went for ART therapy twice a week or more. Now on the professional skating circuit, Sale and her pairs partner David Pelletier, who won gold medals at the Salt Lake City Olympics, squeeze in visits to Jeffels between their ice show tours. Sale says ART helps her prevent injuries. “He’s enabling me to move the way I should be able to move,” she said during a recent treatment session with Jeffels, an Edmonton chiropractor. “When I’m on the ice I need to be flexible, I need to be agile . . . When we do some ART, I feel much looser – almost sometimes like I have a new body.” The diminutive figure skater grimaces at some points during the treatment, which can involve some discomfort. But it brings relief and better movement, she said after Jeffels works on various muscles in her back, shoulders and neck. “She lands on the right foot all the time. Consequently it’s under a lot of stress. She develops a lot of foot pain, heel pain because of it,” Jeffels says as he works on Sale’s feet. “She’s got new (skate) boots and it’s changed the way she holds her foot in the boot, too. I can tell.” Bailey has credited his Montreal chiropractor, and ART treatments he received from him, with helping him win the gold medal in the 100 meters at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics. When he tore a muscle just three weeks before, Bailey thought it was games over. But he was able to rehabilitate the injury in time. NHL star Iginla has started ART for a hip flexor-groin injury that’s keeping him out of play, and Niedermayer, his teammate, uses it. “Dr. Dan has been working with a lot of the Flames for quite a few years,” Niedermayer said in a recent interview, referring to Calgary chiropractor and ART provider Dr. Daniel Migliaresi. Niedermayer said he had stiffness in the hip area that didn’t seem to get better, no matter how much stretching he did. After a couple of months of treatment, he noticed a big difference in his skating. Less than 20 years old, ART is not well known in the medical community. Nor is there much independent scientific study to evaluate its effectiveness. Many of the reported benefits are anecdotal. Dr. Clare Westmacott, a general physician in Canmore, Alta., who heard about the technique about five years ago, said he refers patients for ART, maybe one or two a week. Westmacott said he has seen good results in his patients with neck and shoulder problems, and repetitive strain. Surgery has been avoided in some cases. “It’s actually a very good technique,” he said. “We really like it because we’re able to see not just relief, but actual curing occurring – and it can be done in a very natural way without using medications. Dr. Chris White, a Calgary neurologist, has referred some patients to Migliaresi for ART. He said it appears to have helped some get relief from pain associated with soft-tissue and tendinitis problems. But White said he has not come across good-quality studies using control groups that determine scientifically whether the therapy is effective. But all the evidence Sale needs is that it not only allows her body to move the way she wants it to, she also gets fast results. After three treatments, pain in a trouble spot will be gone. “As an athlete, that’s important. You want a quick fix.”

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Nowadays we’re delighted to announce that we have discovered an incrediblyinteresting nicheto be pointed out, that is Amusing Dining Table Under 300 You are viewing Amusing Dining Table Under 300 Design Ideas, picture size x posted by Mark Austin at May 24, 2017. Don't forget to browse another digital imagery in the related category or you can browse our other interesting digital imagery that we have. Please also read our Privacy Policy and DCMA for the copyright of the images. Posted on December 16, 2015, in Art, Blue Sky, buildings, Humor, Nikon D7000, Seattle, Uncategorized and tagged Blue Sky, buildings, humor, Nikon D7000, Seattle. Bookmark the permalink. Leave a comment. RT @dearjerksmusic: Hey hey here I am on Illinois radio this morning (the "running late" part is a mystery to me though cuz I was on hold t… 1 day ago At least, that’s this writer’s take on it. If you look at what the Left and Right stand for, it seems pretty clear. If you listen to how they speak, it seems even more so. And when you look at how they behave, it seems irrefutable. “Conservatives” are afraid of losing elections, so they rig elections and take away non-rich-white males’ voting rights. “Conservatives” are afraid of their own government, so they buy themselves more guns than any person could ever use. “Conservatives” are afraid of Ebola, so they want to force medical workers into solitary confinement just because they are scared. On and on, and it never stops. “Republicans” are a bunch of wimps who, when it comes down to Fight or Flight, chose Flight 100% of the time. Big-talking wussies like Chris Christie and John McCain, who run and hide, cowering in the shadows if ever they are called on their braggadocio. Liberals behave, of course, in the exact opposite manner. They confront problems and deal with them. They are “Fighters”, not “Flighters”. Next Tuesday, you have a choice: give control of the most powerful nation in the world to a load of scaredy-cat, bullying little wankers (Repubs), or a bunch of flawed but courageous Liberals (Democrats). It’s kind of a big deal, Gentle Reader. A pretty big and very consequential choice. Back in the 70’s, a truly epic bit of criminal activity was committed and then covered up by the Nixon administration. The crime and the cover up both got people ticked off, and Nixon got ridden out of office on a rail. Deservedly so. In the 90’s, a jackass Prexy was boinking an intern, which was not a crime in and of itself. The cover up was, however, and B. J. Clinton barely survived the thrashing he so richly deserved. In the early Oughts, the Bushies leaked the name of one of our clandestine agents in Iran. None of the scumbucket traitors who committed this crime got the punishment they deserved. Many innocent Iranians did get punishment that they did not deserve. Many conspiracy theorists are convinced that the government is keeping secrets about UFOs, 9/11, and other such things. There is no punishment for being silly. Not all of these secrets are equally worthy of being revealed. When we let the sunshine in, we need to make sure are illuminating the deserving, and keep the innocent from becoming collateral damage. Example: Steubenville, Ohio, where an attempt to cover up a ring of gambling, sex crimes and corruption has now thrust both the innocent and the guilty into the spotlight. An association between unrecognized gastroesophageal reflux disease and excessive daytime sleepiness in Taiwanese subjects suspected to have liver disease: a pilot study | BMC Gastroenterology | Full Text An association between unrecognized gastroesophageal reflux disease and excessive daytime sleepiness in Taiwanese subjects suspected to have liver disease: a pilot study In traditional Chinese culture, liver disease is believed to underlie excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). Consequently, Chinese patients with complaints of EDS and physicians who treat them suspect that a liver abnormality is present. If liver disease is ruled out, these patients are often discharged without treatment. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disorder also associated with EDS. This pilot study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of GERD among Taiwanese patients with complaints of EDS suspected to be related to liver disease but in whom no evidence for the latter was found. From July 2009 to December 2009, 121 outpatients who presented to or were referred to the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology of the Chiayi Gung Memorial Hospital for evaluation of a complaint of EDS thought to be due to liver disease were examined. Demographic data were collected, and physical examinations and liver function tests were performed. Forty-eight patients had liver disease and were excluded. The Chinese Epworth Sleepiness Scale questionnaire (Chinese ESS) and the Chinese Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (CGERDQ) were then administered to 73 included patients. More than half (56.2%) of the included patients were found to suffer from GERD. Patients with symptoms of GERD had higher mean CGERDQ scores than patients without symptoms of the disorder (18.88 ± 5.49 and 5.56 ± 3.57, respectively; P < 0.001). Patients with symptoms of GERD also had higher mean Chinese ESS scores than patients without symptoms (8.80 ± 5.49 and 3.13 ± 3.50, respectively; P < 0.001). Chinese ESS scores indicative of EDS were observed in 48.8% of patients with symptoms of GERD and in 3.1% of those without symptoms (P < 0.001). Differences between the two groups retained their significance after controlling for potential confounders. A significant percentage of Taiwanese patients who complained of EDS and were admitted to our Hepatology/Gastroenterology Department due to a suspicion of liver disease actually had symptoms of GERD. Further studies are needed to ascertain whether treatment of GERD will effectively resolve EDS in these patients. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disorder affecting approximately 10-38% of the adult population in Western countries and an estimated 17% of adults living in Xi'an, Shaanxi province in China [1–3]. Consequences of GERD include, but are not limited to, Barrett's esophagus and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. In addition, GERD is associated with upper respiratory disease, adversely affects quality of life (QOL), and represents a significant economic consideration in terms of treatment costs [1]. Sleepiness, or somnolence, is a complex state influenced by factors such as quantity and quality of prior sleep, circadian time, medications, and environmental stimuli as well as by medical, neurological, emotional, and psychiatric conditions. When sleep is not desired, somnolence is unwanted. Continuous inadequate sleep negatively impacts cognitive function, physical performance, overall well-being, and QOL [4]. The pathologic or inappropriate occurrence of somnolence is clinically referred to as excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) [5]. Sleep contributes to a reduction in normal anti-reflux mechanisms; rates of swallowing and salivation are decreased, pressure from the upper and lower esophageal sphincters is decreased, gastric emptying is delayed, and the "heartburn-signal" is depressed. The supine position of most sleepers is thought to facilitate gastroesophageal reflux, a major cause of disrupted sleep due to awakenings from heartburn, dyspepsia, acid brash, coughing, or choking [5, 6]. Not unexpectedly, more than half of patients with chronic GERD report nocturnal symptoms [2–4, 7–10]. The consequences of nocturnal GERD are thought to exceed those of daytime GERD in terms of increased risk of esophageal lesions and respiratory complications, poor QOL, inadequate sleep, EDS, poor work productivity, and increased costs. Like daytime GERD, nocturnal GERD can be managed with surgical therapies or proton pump inhibitors such that heartburn and regurgitation are reduced concurrently with an improvement in sleep. In addition to GERD, EDS is associated with other co-morbidities including liver disease [11–17]. Daytime fatigue is frequently encountered in patients carrying hepatitis virus and in those with primary biliary cirrhosis, cirrhosis without hepatic encephalopathy, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In traditional Chinese culture, liver disease is believed to underlie sleep disorders. Consequently, Chinese patients with complaints of daytime sleepiness and physicians who treat such patients suspect that a liver abnormality is present. Unfortunately, if liver disease is ruled out, these patients are often discharged without treatment or follow-up examinations. The present pilot study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of GERD among patients who presented to or were referred to the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology with complaints of daytime sleepiness suspected to be related to an underlying liver disease but in whom no evidence for liver disease was obtained. From July 2009 to December 2009, outpatients who either presented to or were referred to the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology of the Chiayi Gung Memorial Hospital for evaluation of a previously uninvestigated sleep disorder were included. In Taiwan, an official referral to a gastroenterology/hepatology department is not required; therefore patients in this study were admitted with or without a referral. Exclusion criteria were: previous diagnosis with any type of sleep disturbance; diagnosis of GERD; current treatment for GERD by a physician; and previous abnormal liver function test findings. Patients known to have chronic hepatitis B or C or to be carriers of hepatitis B or C were also excluded. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients, and this study was approved by the Ethical Committee for Human Clinical Trials of the Chiayi Gung Memorial Hospital, R.O.C. (Trial Number 98-2033C). Demographic data were collected at baseline, including information regarding use of medications, alcohol, and tobacco. A physical examination was performed, and a blood sample was collected from each patient for measurements of hepatitis B serum antigen (HBsAg), anti-HCV Ab, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Patients with any abnormal measurements were then excluded. None of these patients had a disease history warranting additional tests (such as a complete blood count). Furthermore, additional tests were not permitted by the insurance policies of these patients. The Chinese Epworth sleepiness scale questionnaire (Chinese ESS) was administered to all included patients by the authors. The Chinese ESS is based on the Epworth sleepiness scale for measurement of daytime sleepiness; the latter is considered to be the most discriminating test for measurement of EDS [18–21]. Designed for diagnosis of EDS in all Chinese subjects, the Chinese ESS has been validated for use in Taiwanese and Mandarin Chinese populations [22]. Specifically, the Chinese ESS measures the propensity for sleep under a variety of life-related situations [21]. The questionnaire consists of eight self-reported questions, with each receiving a score of 0 to 3. Total possible scores range from 0 (the least sleepy) to 24 (the most sleepy), with a total score of 5.9 ± 2.2 considered normal for this group of subjects [19, 20]. A score of 10 is indicative of EDS and is considered the threshold for referral for sleep evaluation [21]. The Chinese Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (CGERDQ) was also administered to all patients included in the study. This questionnaire, which is designed to identify individuals with symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux, is comprised of eight questions. Each question evaluates the frequency and severity of a symptom of GERD and is scored from 0-3, with a total score ≥12 serving to indicate the presence of GERD [23]. The questionnaire has been validated for use in Chinese subjects and has been shown to be capable of detecting changes in symptoms [23, 24]. Group comparisons for normally distributed continuous variables between subjects with and without GERD symptoms were performed using independent two-sample t tests. The Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was used for comparisons of categorical variables. Normally distributed continuous data are presented as means ± standard deviation whereas categorical data are represented by numbers and percentage. Stepwise linear regression analysis was performed to identify the factors influencing the Chinese ESS. All statistical assessments were two-sided, with a P value of < 0.05 indicating statistical significance. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 15.0 statistics software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Between July 2009 and December 2009, 121 consecutive patients with a primary complaint of EDS were initially included. In every case, either the patient and/or the referring practitioner suspected that the complaint was related to liver disease. Of these, 48 patients were subsequently excluded because of the presence of chronic liver disease. Specifically, chronic HBV hepatitis was found in 12 patients (of which 5 also had fatty liver), HCV hepatitis was found in 13 patients (of which 6 also had fatty liver), HBV and HCV hepatitis were found to be present in 1 patient, and fatty liver only was found in the remaining 22 patients. Seventy-three consecutive patients without liver disease who presented to or were referred to the outpatient Hepatology and Gastroenterology Clinic with a primary complaint of EDS were then selected for this study. The baseline characteristics of these 73 subjects are presented in Table 1. This group included 34 (46.6%) males and 39 (53.4%) females ranging in age from 17 to 78 years (mean = 45.75 ± 17.82 years). Based on the results of the CGERDQ, GERD symptoms were present in 41 (56.2%) of the 73 subjects. Mean CGERDQ scores in the GERD and non-GERD groups were 18.88 ± 5.49 and 5.56 ± 3.57, respectively (P < 0.001). The GERD group also contained more patients with positive Chinese ESS scores (>10) as compared to those in the non-GERD group (48.8% versus 3.1%, P < 0.001). The mean Chinese ESS score for subjects with GERD was higher than that for subjects without the disorder (8.80 ± 5.49 versus 3.13 ± 3.50, P < 0.001). Most subjects included in this study did not use alcohol (71.2%), acid suppression (75.3%), or sedatives/hypnotics (95.9%). In addition, 69.9% and 91.8%, respectively, of subjects in this study did not smoke or snore. All subjects were found to be negative for HBsAg and Anti-HCV Ab, and AST and ALT values for all subjects were within the normal range. Baseline characteristics of 73 patients with or without gastroesophageal reflux disease as determined by the Chinese Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire P values were determined from aindependent two sample t tests, bChi-square tests, or cFisher's exact test. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to identify factors influencing the Chinese ESS. Findings of these analyses are presented in Table 2. The only variable found to influence the Chinese ESS significantly was the CGERDQ score (P < 0.001). After controlling for the potential confounders of age and gender, the CGERDQ score remained significantly and positively associated with the Chinese ESS. The adjusted R 2 was 0.426, indicating that the statistical modeling accounted for approximately 43% of the variation in the Chinese ESS. In this pilot study, 73 Taiwanese subjects with complaints of EDS but for whom no evidence of liver disease was obtained were examined for the presence of GERD; remarkably, more than half (56.2%) were found to suffer from this disorder. Mean CGERDQ scores for patients with symptoms of GERD (GERD group) were 3.4-fold higher than those for patients without symptoms of the disorder (non-GERD group). Patients in the GERD group were found to have significantly higher mean Chinese ESS scores than those in the non-GERD group. Additionally, more patients in the GERD group had Chinese ESS scores that exceeded 10. The differences in CGERDQ and Chinese ESS scores between the GERD and non-GERD groups retained their significance after controlling for the potential confounders of age and gender. While a cause and effect relationship remains to be established, these findings support an association between GERD and EDS in Taiwanese subjects without liver disease. The mean ESS score for the entire cohort of patients examined in this study (6.32 ± 5.49) was comparable to that reported for the normal community (5.9 ± 2.2) [19, 20] whereas mean scores for patients in the GERD and non-GERD groups were 8.80 ± 5.49 and 3.13 ± 3.50, respectively. It is unclear why the mean score for the GERD group fell below that considered to indicate EDS and why the mean score for the non-GERD group fell below that for the normal community. It is possible that some of the subjects in this study who claimed to have EDS did not in fact suffer from more daytime fatigue than do members of the local population. Additionally, some patients in this study may have not been overly concerned about their daytime sleepiness and therefore presented directly to a gastroenterologist in preference to a sleep center. A relationship between GERD and daytime somnolence has been described in other studies. For example, Demeter et al. [4] reported that the severity of GERD as assessed by panendoscopy and characterized by the Savary-Miller classification correlated positively with the degree of daytime somnolence as assessed by the ESS. Specifically, mild somnolence was observed in 29% of GERD 0 patients, 39% of GERD I patients, and 46% of GERD II patients; however 77% of GERD III patients suffered from significant somnolence. Guda et al. [25], who evaluated 385 consecutive subjects at an outpatient clinic for sleep disorders, reported that those with a diagnosis of GERD had significantly higher ESS scores than those diagnosed without GERD. Furthermore, Chen et al. [26] reported that patients with nighttime heartburn complain of significantly greater subjective sleep impairment as determined by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index as compared to those without nighttime heartburn. However, it should be noted that Suurna et al. [27] observed no differences between patients with and without nighttime heartburn in any objective sleep parameter during an overnight polysomnographic study. In a recently published systematic review of the literature [10], the mean prevalence of nocturnal GERD was reported to be 54%. Farup et al. [3], who conducted a national random-sample telephone survey, reported that 71% of subjects with GERD experienced nocturnal heartburn. In a separate study [28] of 1,000 individuals who experienced heartburn at least once weekly, the prevalence of nocturnal heartburn was found to be 79%; three-quarters of those with nocturnal heartburn revealed that their heartburn episodes negatively impacted their sleep. In the present study, the prevalence of nocturnal as compared to daytime GERD was not directly determined. No patient included in this study complained of nocturnal heartburn but all were troubled by EDS such that the assistance of a gastroenterologist was sought. Based on inquiries conducted after completion of the questionnaires, it was apparent that all subjects in the study were likely to have experienced at least light nocturnal heartburn approximately once weekly. Unfortunately, no accepted questionnaire is currently available to define the degree of nocturnal heartburn, and patients in this study were not willing to submit to measurements of nighttime heartburn with instruments required for esophageal testing. Future studies focusing on consequences of nocturnal as opposed to daytime GERD are indicated; nocturnal symptoms are associated with significant impairment of health-related QOL and nocturnal acid reflux is associated with severe esophagitis, stricture, and esophageal adenocarcinoma [3, 28]. As reviewed by Orr [10], consequences of reflux events include difficulty initiating sleep, arousals from sleep, daytime fatigue, and impaired work productivity. It therefore appears reasonable to consider sleep-related GERD a distinct clinical entity [10]. Fortunately, GERD can be effectively managed using such approaches as head of bed elevation, proton pump inhibitor therapy, H2 receptor antagonist therapy, and Nissen funoplication [5]. According to the ProGERD initiatives [2], the impairment of QOL by GERD can be significantly attenuated or normalized in as little as two weeks by treatment with esomeprazole. In the present study, significantly more patients in the GERD group as compared to the non-GERD group utilized acid suppression (15% as compared to 9.4%, P = 0.007). This finding further supports the hypothesis that GERD contributes to EDS in Taiwanese subjects. The present study is unique in that subjects were included who complained of EDS rather than symptoms of GERD. Considering the negative impact of EDS, the high prevalence of GERD [1, 2], and the clear association between GERD and fatigue [4, 7], it would appear prudent for general practitioners to consider GERD as an underlying contributor to daytime somnolence in patients with normal liver function. Following a diagnosis of GERD, initiation of appropriate therapy and subsequent evaluation of that therapy would be indicated. In support of these recommendations, pantoprazole was found to provide more significant reductions in reflux symptoms and ESS scores than placebo after administration to patients with mild-moderate obstructive sleep-disordered breathing and GERD [27]. The presence of snoring and sleep apnea are relevant to an evaluation of EDS. In the present study, 14.6% of patients in the GERD group but 0% of patients in the non-GERD group reported snoring. According to patients in the GERD group, snoring was neither frequent nor severe. However, no tests were performed to determine either the accuracy of these assessments or the presence of obstructive sleep apnea in these subjects. Further research is warranted to determine the relative extents to which GERD and sleep apnea contribute to EDS in Taiwanese subjects and other populations. The most important limitations of this study are the small sample size, the absence of confirmation of a diagnosis of GERD by endoscopy or other appropriate diagnostic test, and the lack of a control group. This pilot study was designed to determine the prevalence with which Taiwanese patients without liver disease but who complain of EDS exhibit symptoms of GERD. Furthermore, endoscopy is not routinely performed in hepatology clinics in Taiwan. Future randomized, controlled clinical studies that include a larger number of patients, an appropriate control group, and tests confirming the presence of GERD are clearly warranted. In addition, the present study did not evaluate QOL or social or psychological factors with the potential to contribute to EDS. Given the demonstrated negative impact of both GERD and daytime somnolence on QOL, such evaluations are also warranted. EDS is a common complaint of patients with liver disease [12–17]. However, Chinese patients with complaints of EDS but subsequently found to have normal liver function are often left untreated. In these patients, EDS persists and the underlying cause is left undiagnosed. This small pilot study reveals that many patients with complaints of EDS and who were admitted to our Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology due to a suspicion of liver disease actually had symptoms of GERD. Further studies are needed to ascertain whether appropriate treatment of GERD will effectively resolve EDS in these patients. JHH designed the study, prepared the protocol, and wrote the first draft of the paper. SWL revised the study design. YYH collected the data. NHC directed and supervised the performance of the study and the writing of the paper. All authors have approved the final draft of this paper. The Forkhead/Fox transcription factor Foxc2 is a critical regulator of osteogenesis and angiogenesis of cells. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have the capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, myocytes and fibroblasts. The present study investigates the role of Foxc2 overexpression in osteogenesis and angiogenesis of BMSCs in vitro. BMSCs were isolated from SD rat femurs and tibias, and characterized by cell surface antigen identification and osteoblasts and adipocytes differentiation. The cells were transfected with lentiviral Foxc2 (Lv-Foxc2) or green fluorescent protein (Lv-GFP). Seventy hours later, Foxc2 expression was observed using real time-PCR and Western blot. The transfected cells were stained with Alizarin red S or alkaline phosphatase (ALP) after osteogenic induction. Meanwhile, the expression levels of osteocalcin (OCN), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor-β (PDGF-β) were measured by real time-PCR, Western blot and immunostaining. Results of cell characterization showed that the cells were positive to CD44 (99.56%) and negative to CD34 (0.44%), and could differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes. Foxc2 overexpression not only increased the numbers of mineralized nodes and ALP activity, but also enhanced the expressions of Runx2, OCN, VEGF and PDGF-β in transfected BMSCs after osteogenic induction. The effects of Foxc2 on osteogenesis and angiogenesis were significantly different between Lv-Foxc2 transfected BMSCs and Lv-GFP transfected BMSCs (P<0.05). In addition, the MAPK-specific inhibitors, PD98059 and LY294002, blocked the Foxc2-induced regulation of BMSC differentiation. Foxc2 gene is successfully transfected into BMSCs with stable and high expression. The overexpression of Foxc2 acts on BMSCs to stimulate osteogenesis and angiogenesis. The effect of Foxc2 on angiogenesis of the cells is mediated via activating PI3K and ERK. Bone formation is a temporally controlled, multistep process, and the equilibrium between bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts is central in the maintenance of bone integrity [1]. Both osteoblasts and adipocytes share a common progenitor derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and bone loss is associated with an expansion of adipose tissue in bone marrow [2]. Angiogenesis is a process involving endothelial cell proliferation and migration, and vascular tube formation; it always accompanies osteoblast differentiation and bone formation [3, 4]. BMSCs have been a focus of research in stem cell-based tissue engineering during the last decade. This is due to their capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, myocytes and fibroblasts. Studies have shown that BMSCs have the potential to promote angiogenesis, which makes them an ideal cell type in engineering vascularized tissue [5, 6]. The cells can also differentiate into osteoblasts and contribute to bone formation [7–9]. The osteoblast differentiation is mediated by various signaling molecules and transcriptional regulators, such as Wnt/beta-catenin, Notch and Hedgehog signaling pathways, and Runx2 and Osterix transcriptional factors [10, 11]. Foxc2 is a member of the family of winged helix/forkhead transcription factors and is known to be expressed mainly in mesenchymal tissue [12]. Fox protein family members are important for a wide spectrum of biological processes, including metabolism, development, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and longevity [13]. It has been reported that Foxc2-deficient mice display defective formation of the aortic arches, multiple craniofacial bones and vertebral columns, indicating an essential role of the gene in the normal development of the axial skeleton and aortic arches in mice [14, 15]. Besides, Foxc2 inhibits white adipocyte differentiation by suppressing the PPARγ-induced adipogenic gene expression [16], and it regulates angiogenesis by regulating the expressions of various genes involved in the angiogenic process through activating their promoters via Fox-binding elements (FBEs) [17, 18]. In addition, recent studies demonstrate that haplodeficiency of Foxc2 may result in impaired formation of tumor blood vessels as well as reduced tumor growth, and thereby provide evidence for the association of Foxc2 with the metastasis and angiogenesis of tumors [19, 20]. However, it remains unclear how this transcription factor functions during osteogenesis and angiogenesis. The present study was aimed to determine the role of Foxc2 overexpression on osteogenesis and angiogenesis of BMSCs. The molecular mechanisms of Foxc2 transcriptional regulation were also investigated. Lentivirus packaging system, including plasmid pGC-FU, pHelper 1.0, pHelper 2.0 and plasmid Foxc2, was purchased from Shanghai GeneChem Co., China. Alizarin red S and Oil Red O staining kits were obtained from Winchem Industrial Co. Ltd., China. Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from GIBIC, USA. Antibodies against Foxc2, anti-CD44, anti-CD34 and β-actin were bought from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA. Antibodies against OCN, VEGF and PDGF-β were purchased from Abcam, USA. Antibodies against Runx2, ERK and PI3K were purchased from Novus, USA. Six male SD rats, weighing 150 ± 2 g, were obtained from the Laboratory Animal Center in Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong University. All animal protocols followed the recommendations and guidelines of the National Institutes of Health and were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee at Xi’an Jiaotong University. BMSCs were isolated following the method described in [21]. In brief, the femurs and tibias of the rats were removed. Muscles and extraosteal tissues were trimmed. Bone marrow cells were flushed and centrifuged on a 1.073 g/mL Percoll density gradient (Pharmacia, St. Louis, USA). The cells were washed twice with PBS, seeded into 25 cm2 cell culture flasks, and cultivated in L-DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and 20 mg penicillin-streptomycin/ml. Finally, the cultures were incubated in a humidified atmosphere of 95% air and 5% CO2 at 37°C. The medium was changed on the 4th day of culture and every 3 days after that. When the cells became subconfluent, usually after 7–10 days of culture, cells were detached using trypsin/EDTA (0.25% trypsin and 0.02% EDTA) (Sigma), concentrated by centrifugation at 1000 rpm for 5 min and then suspended in medium. An analysis of cell surface molecules, CD44 and CD34, was conducted on passage 3 cultures using flow cytometry. Osteoblasts and adipocytes differentiation was detected with Alizarin red S and Oil Red O staining kits under different induction conditions. The transfected BMSCs were seeded in 24-well plates at a density of 1×106 cells/well. Osteogenic differentiation was induced under an osteogenic condition [DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS, 0.1 μM dexamethasone (Sigma), 50 μM ascorbate acid (Sigma), and 10 mM β-glycerophosphate sodium (Sigma)] and an adipogenic condition [DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS, 200 μM indomethacin (Sigma), 1 μM dexamethasone, 0.5 mM isobutyl methylxanthine (Sigma), and 0.5 μg/mL insulin (Sigma)], respectively. For an analysis of the mechanisms involved in Foxc2-mediated regulation of differentiation, PD98059 (Sigma) at 20 μM and 50 μM, and LY294002 (Sigma) at 10 μM and 50 μM were added in the differentiation medium. A lentiviral vector expressing human Foxc2 and a control vector expressing GFP were purchased from Shanghai GeneChem Co., China. The lentiviruses were propagated in 293T cells and the final titer of virus was 2×108 TU/ml. The multiplicity of infection (MOI) was defined as the ratio of the total number of PFU used in a particular infection to the total number of cells to be transfected. Third-passage cells were transfected with lentivirus vectors containing either GFP or Foxc2 overnight at MOIs of 10, 50, 100 and 200 plaque-forming units (PFU)/cell. The efficiency of transfection was evaluated under a fluorescence microscope, followed by replacement of the culture medium with fresh L-DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS. Cells were used for the following experiments 72 hours after transfection. The transfected BMSCs were seeded in 96-well plates at a density of 5× 104 cells/well and cultured for 7 days. MTT assay (Sigma) was performed following the manufacturer's instructions to detect cell proliferation. Cells were washed with cold PBS (pH 7.0) and lysed at 4°C in lysis buffer [50 mM Tris–HCl (pH 7.4), 150 mM NaCl, 20 mM EDTA, 1% Triton X-100, 1% sodium deoxycholate, 0.1% SDS, and protease inhibitors]. The samples were heated at 95°C for 5 min and loaded on 12% SDS-PAGE gels and transferred onto methanol-activated PVDF membranes (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). After blockage with 5% nonfat milk in TBST (Tris-buffered saline plus 0.1% Tween 20), the membranes were incubated with primary antibodies against Foxc2, OCN, Runx2, VEGF, PDGF-β, ERK, PI3K and β-actin, followed by incubation with the corresponding secondary antibodies. The bands were visualized by using an ECL chemiluminescence kit (Santa Cruz, CA). Total RNA of cells was isolated using TRIZOL reagent (Invitrogen) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. After reverse transcription reaction, template DNA was used in gene-specific PCR for Foxc2, OCN, Runx2, VEGF and PDGF-β. The primer sequences used for this analysis are listed in Table 1. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) served as a housekeeping gene. The conditions of real time-PCR were as follows: 40 cycles at 94°C for 5 s and 60°C for 34 s. Dissociation stage was added to the end of amplification procedure. There was no nonspecific amplification determined by the dissolve curve. BMSCs were fixed and treated with 50 μg/ml 4, 6-diamidino-2-phenyl-indol dihydrochlor-ide (DAPI) for nuclear staining two weeks after transfection. The cells were then stained with OCN, Runx2, VEGF and PDGF-β visualized with a TRITC-conjugated secondary antibody. The primary antibodies were diluted 1:100. Controls included staining without primary antibodies. Fluorescence images were obtained using a fluorescence microcope (fluoview 400, Olympus). After 2 weeks of transfection, ALP staining was performed using a ALP staining kit (Renbao, Shanghai, China) following the procedures provided by the manufacturer, and ALP activity was determined by the conversion of a colorless p-nitrophenyl phosphate (Pnpp, Sigma, St. Louis, USA ) to a colored p-nitrophenol [22]. For Alizarin red S staining, cells were fixed in 10% formalin and stained with 2% Alizarin red S (Ph 4.0) solution. Unless otherwise specified, results were presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. CD44 and CD34 were chosen as markers flow cytometry. BMSCs were successfully expanded 3–4 days after initial seeding, and rapidly expanded into colonies of confluent spindle cells at 10–14 days. The third-passage cells were incubated with antibodies of both CD44 and CD34 (Figure 1A). Results showed that the cells were positive to CD44 (99.56%) and negative to CD34 (0.44%). Matrix mineralization and fat droplet were visualized 10 days after Alizarin red S staining and Oil Red O staining (Figure 1B, C). According to the minimal criteria represented by the Mesenchymal and Tissue Stem Cell Committee of the International Society for Cellular Therapy [23], the cultured cells were effectively BMSCs. Characterization of rat BMSCs. (A) The results of cell surface antigen detection showed that BMSCs were positive to CD44 (99.56%) and negative to CD34 (0.44%). (B) The mineralization nodes were monitored by Alizarin red S staining. (C) Fat droplets formation was monitored by Oil Red O staining. When BMSCs grew to 80% confluence, the cells were transfected with Lv-GFP for 72 h at various MOIs (10, 50, 100 and 200). The efficiency of gene transfection was determined by examining GFP-positive cells under a fluorescence microscope. The percentages of GFP-positive cells at different MOIs were 27.3±1.5%, 73.4±1.6%, 91.2±1.8% and 90.8±1.5%, respectively (Figure 2A). The MTT assay data indicated that cells overexpressing Foxc2 proliferated significantly (Figure 2B). Expression of GFP and Foxc2 genes after transfection. (A) Transfection efficiency at various MOIs (10, 50, 100 and 200) 72 hours after transfection (×100). (B) Cell proliferation after transfection in the Lv-Foxc2 and Lv-GFP groups detected using MTT assay. (C) Foxc2 gene expression measured by real-time PCR 72 hours after transfection. GAPDH was used as a housekeeping gene. (D) Foxc2 protein expression evaluated by western blot 72 hours after transfection. Results were expressed as mean±SD of triplicate experiments. #p<0.01 vs. control. Real time-PCR and Western blot demonstrated that Foxc2 gene was stably expressed in cells 72 h post-transfection (Figure 2C, D). Foxc2 expression was significantly higher in Lv-Foxc2 transfected cells than in Lv-GFP transfected cells (P < 0.05). Alizarin red S staining showed that the area of positive staining of Lv-Foxc2 transfected cells was nearly 2.5 folds compared with that of the Lv-GFP transfected (Figure 3A, B). ALP expression was evidently observed in Lv-Foxc2 transfected cells after 2 weeks of induction (Figure 3C), and the ALP activity increased to nearly three folds of that in Lv-GFP transfected cells (Figure 3D). Similar expressions of osteoblast differentiation markers, OCN and Runx2, were observed in the two groups of cells (Figure 3E-H). These results demonstrated that Foxc2 overexpression enhanced osteogenesis of BMSCs. The effect of Foxc2 on osteogenic differentiation. (A, B and C) BMSCs were transfected with Lv-GFP or Lv-Foxc2 for 2 weeks. Cells stained with Alizarin red S (A and B, a1 presents the Lv-Foxc2 group, and a2 presents the Lv-GFP group). Cells stained with ALP (C, c1 presents the Lv-Foxc2 group and c2 presents the Lv-GFP group). (D) ALP activities in BMSCs. (E) Expressions of CON and Runx2 mRNA detected by real-time PCR 72 hours after transfection. The relative density of each gene was statistically analyzed. #p<0.01 vs. control. (F and G) CON and Runx2 expressions examined by Western blot 72 hours after transfection. The results were indicated by the ratio of band intensity of CON or Runx2 with β-actin. (H) Immunostaining for OCN and Runx2 (Texas-Red) with nuclear counterstained (DAPI-blue) 2 weeks after transfection (× 400). The results were expressed as mean±SD of triplicate experiments. #p<0.01 vs. control. Results of real-time PCR, Western blot and immunostainning showed that the angiogenic markers, VEGF and PDGF-β, were highly expressed in Lv-Foxc2 transfected cells while rarely expressed in Lv-GFP transfected cells (Figure 4). This suggested that Foxc2 hyper-activation might provide the transfected cells a pro-angiogenetic inclination. The VEGF-activated intracellular pathways, PI3K and ERK, can modulate the transcriptional activity of Foxc proteins in Dll4 and Hey2 induction. To investigate the role of the two signaling pathways in the regulation of angiogenesis by Foxc2, the transfected BMSCs were induced to differentiate with or without adding the inhibitors of ERK or PI3K. The results showed that the addition of the specific inhibitor of ERK or PI3K, namely, PD98059 (20 and 50 μM) or LY294002 (10 and 50 μM), led to a decrease in the gene expressions of VEGF and PDGF-β in cells overexpressing Foxc2 (Figure 5A-F). This indicated that inhibition of ERK or PI3K interfered with the regulation of Foxc2 in BMSC differentiation. Effect of blockade of ERK or PI3K on the expressions of angiogenic makers. Cells overexpressing Foxc2 were cultured in osteogenic induction medium in the absence or presence of PD98059 (A, B, C) or LY294002 (D, E, F). Western blot results of VEGF or PDGF-β expression were indicated by the ratio of band intensity of VEGF or PDGF-β with β-actin (A, B, D, E). The results were expressed as mean±SD of triplicate experiments. Real time-PCR analysis of VEGF or PDGF-β was performed (C, F). The relative mRNA level of each gene was quantitated and statistically analyzed. *p<0.05 vs. control; #p<0.01 vs. control. The levels of ERK and PI3K were higher in the cells transfected with Lv-Foxc2, indicating that Foxc2 overexpression activated the two signaling pathways in differentiation medium, but the activation was significantly abrogated by pre-treating cells with PD98059 or LY294002 (Figure 6A, B). Foxc2 overexpression induces activation of ERK and PI3K in BMSCs. (A, B) BMSCs were transfected with Lv-GFP, Lv-Foxc2 or Lv-Foxc2 following pretreatment with 50 μM PD98059 or 10 μM LY294002 for 1 h. Cell lysates harvested after 2 weeks of culture were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot with anti ERK or anti-PI3K antibody. The result of ERK or PI3K expression was indicated by the ratio of band intensity of ERK or PI3K with β-actin. *p<0.05 vs. Lv-GFP group; #p<0.01 vs. group. In this study, we demonstrate that Foxc2 overexpression enhances osteogenesis of BMSCs and provides the cells a major pro-angiogenetic inclination. This is consistent with the research of Arnold Caplan, et al. [24]. Our results also show that Foxc2 plays an important regulative role in angiogenesis via activating ERK or PI3K signaling pathway. The Forkhead protein Foxc2 has emerged as an important regulator of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions (EMTs). In the execution of EMT, many genes involved in cell adhesion, mesenchymal differentiation, cell migration, and cell invasion are transcriptionally altered. The functional loss of E-cadherin in an epithelial cell is considered a hallmark of EMT. Many EMT-inducing transcription factors, including Snail, Slug, dEF1, ZEB2, Twist1, Foxc2 and Goosecoid, can repress E-cadherin directly or indirectly when overexpressed [25]. EMT-derived cells share many properties with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), while conversely, MSCs express some EMT-associated genes, such as Snail and Foxc2. Similar to MSCs, EMT-derived cells can also differentiate into mature osteoblasts, adipocytes and chondrocytes [26]. Moreover, EMT is an important source for the accumulation of carcinoma associated fibroblasts [27]. It has been proved that the differentiation of epithelial cells is correlated with increased levels of cytoplasmic Foxc2, whereas the dedifferentiation is associated with decreased Foxc2 levels [28]. However, the function of Foxc2 in osteoblast differentiation and angiogenesis has been rarely studied. We have found in our study that Foxc2 is highly expressed in BMSCs after transfection, and the Foxc2 hyperexpression promotes cell viability (Figure 2). We also reconfirm that Foxc2 enhances the differentiation of BMSCs into osteoblasts (Figure 3). The mechanisms of Foxc2-regulated osteogenesis are still not completely understood. It was reported that the activation of canonical Wnt-β-catenin signals might be involved in the Foxc2-mediated osteoblast differentiation [29]. In addition, Su Jin Park et al. found that Foxc2 was a downstream target of well known anabolic systemic hormones such as BMP2 and PTH, and that Foxc2 promoted osteoblastogenesis by regulating the survival, proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts through the up-regulation of integrin β1 [30]. Foxc2 also plays an important role in vascular endothelial development. It was reported that Foxc2 acted upstream of Notch signaling in arterial gene expression by directly regulating the Dll4 promoter via a Fox-binding element [31, 32]. Bone marrow-derived cells transfected with Foxc2 caused an increased cellular mobility through the up-regulation of CXCR4 [33]. This increase in cellular mobility due to Foxc2 overexpression has been experienced in other two separate studies, in which the action of Foxc2 was linked to the regulation of two different proteins, p120-catenin and β3 integrin [34, 35]. p120-catenin is a regulator of E-cadherin, which promotes cell-cell adhesion at adherens junctions. Loss of p120-catenin expression results in the destabilization of the E-cadherin complex, which is a critical step in invasion and metastasis [34]. Physiologically, Foxc2 is activated by hypoxia and VEGF. It acts on specific ligand proteins, including p120-catenin and β3 integrin, to destabilize them and promote cellular releasing from their environment. It induces CXCR4 transcription, allowing cells to migrate to the site of injury or hypoxia following a chemokine (CXCL12) gradient. High CXCR4 levels in tumors are linked to poor survival [35]. We have found that Foxc2 overexpression enhances the expressions of angiogenic factors such as VEGF and PDGF-β (Figures 4, 5), and increases the protein levels of ERK and PI3K. The ERK or PI3K inhibitor, PD98059 or LY294002, attenuates the Foxc2-mediated enhancement of angiogenic factors (Figures 5, 6). It has been found that VEGF-activated PI3K and ERK pathways modulate the transcriptional activation of Dll4 and Hey2 genes by Foxc proteins [36]. A recent research shows that VEGF-stimulated PI3K and ERK pathways modulate the transcriptional activity of Foxc2 for arterial gene expression in endothelial cells [37]. Consequently, functional interaction between VEGF signaling and Foxc2 may take place in some aspects of blood vessel formation. In most in vitro contexts, the PI3K and ERK pathways are stimulated by VEGF together and often act in a synergistic manner. PI3K activation leads to AKT activation, which promotes the migration and survival of endothelial cells and nitric oxide production. ERK/MAPK activation promotes endothelial cell proliferation. Nonetheless, in certain endothelial culture systems, the PI3K branch antagonizes the ERK/MAPK branch [38]. The reasons for the discrepancy of the functional effects of ERK and PI3K are unclear. MSCs, when are on a stiff substrate and in large numbers, tend to spontaneously differentiate over time into osteoblasts, and this process may be speeded by the overexpression of an important transcriptional factor, Foxc2 [39]. However, many data suggest that the up-regulation of Foxc2, or its transfection, leads to an increase of cellular mobility often linked with progression, invasion and angiogensis of tumor [19, 20, 33]. Thus, the clinical safety of Foxc2-based therapy should still be verified. Taken together, this work examines the effects of Foxc2 on the commitment of SD rat BMSCs into the osteogenic and angiogenic lineages in vitro. Our results demonstrate that Foxc2 overexpression acts on the transfected BMSCs to enhance the expressions of osteogenic makers and provide the cells a pro-angiogenetic inclination. Furthermore, it is likely that ERK and PI3K signaling pathways are involved in the Foxc2-mediated regulation of angiogenetic inclination. Future research on the function of Foxc2 in osteogenesis and angiogenesis can be conducted on some novel cell models to study its effects on different mesenchymal-related differentiation processes. WY and KW are the principal investigators. WY and KW contributed to conception and design, acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data and were involved in drafting the manuscript. WY, HG and DD carried out the experiments. LF and CW were responsible for the statistical analysis and evaluation of the data. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affilliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xiwu Road, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710004, China Department of Orthopedics, The Ninth Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, 710000, China Uchida S, Sakai A, Kudo H: Vascular endothelial growth factor is expressed along with its receptors during the healing process of bone and bone marrow after drill-hole injury in rats. Bone. 2003, 32: 491-501. 10.1016/S8756-3282(03)00053-X.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar Graduate students Hussain Fatakdawala (Marcu Lab), Elena Foster (Revzin Lab) and Priscilla Williams (Silva Lab) won awards for their presentations at the 14th Annual UC Systemwide Bioengineering Symposium.

I think to some degree, that isn’t really any of my business. People have their own relationships with the songs. What maybe gets confusing is when people start trying to read so much into the songs that they think that I’m leaving my husband and child and running off with somebody from the planet Saturn and joining a cult and that’s just not happening. In the run-up to Monday’s show at DAR Constitution Hall, an interview by Joey DiGuglielmo appeared in the December 1st edition of The Washington Blade. Their conversation hit on some of the usual topics — how the Night of Hunters project came to be, the touring configuration to support the album — but also veered into a few areas that haven’t been at the forefront as much, such as Tori’s thoughts on fans, homosexuality and the practicality of impractical shoes (no, really!) The creatively restless singer, who released current album “Night of Hunters” in September on the classical label Deutsche Grammophon, is touring the complex concept album now with a show that brings her Monday to Washington at her usual concert spot — DAR Constitution Hall, where she played for her “Sinful Attraction Tour” (2009) and “American Doll Posse World Tour” (2007) among other jaunts. Tickets were still available as of Blade press time. Prior to leaving on the tour, which kicked off in late September in Finland and has found her in both Russia and South Africa in addition to her usual European stops (she opened in the U.S. this week in Philadelphia), Amos, 48, spent time by phone from her Florida home to talk about the album, the tour, her gay fans and how she maintains such precision at the piano. WASHINGTON BLADE: After many years with Atlantic, you’ve recorded for several big labels in the last 10 years or so and now, rather unexpectedly, this new album is for Deutsche Grammophon. Is this industry tumultuousness, logistics, your choice or what? TORI AMOS: A lot of people have common bonds who were at these labels and what’s funny, well, not funny, but Doug Morris who was running Atlantic when I was there, so he would say, “Tori, I didn’t leave, they forced me out.” He left this year to go to Sony, so I think people do jump around depending on who the people are at any given time. For me, I’d fulfilled my commitment to Universal and … Deutsche Grammophon kind of tracked me down and Dr. Alex Buhr said, “Look, I know you’re working on a musical, but I think you should consider a 21st century song cycle based on classical themes.” I was like, “Are you serious, that’s a very tall order.” He said, “Don’t you want a challenge, don’t you want to do something different?” I said, “Well nobody has approached me,” so he said, “Deutsche Grammophon wants you to try this.” I thought how many times in life do you get offered something like this with the support of one of the great classical labels of all time? I said, “OK, you’re going to have to send me lots and lots of good music, loads of classical music.” So “Night of Hunters” is really based on themes from classical music over the last 400 years. AMOS: We’re going out with a string quartet and that just seemed to make sense. They play with such a high caliber that it was really quite tempting. And yet they’re very young, in their late 20s and early 30s so they’re very passionate about their playing and I thought this would be a good balance. They’re so passionate about classical music and early 20th century music and they played on the record. So then I thought why not arrange some of the catalogue just for strings, piano and vocal and so we’re doing some of the older songs in that configuration. We’re just starting some of that now. Once we get to America, we should have more in our repertoire. BLADE: You’re well known for varying your set list from night to night. When you have songs like the ones from this new album or, say, another concept album like “Scarlet’s Walk,” is it problematic sequencing them with others into a live show that will flow either musically or thematically? AMOS: When I’m traveling, I think the key is that when you go into a city, you really have to take stock of the emotional temperature there, so for instance, when things have happened in the world like the Oslo tragedy and you’re playing a show there that night, the people are in absolute shock and grief at that level of violence so then there’s an opportunity for something healing to happen and to work through the shock of an experience like that together through music. Or if you’re not in that city but you might be close by, you might still form a connection with current events … I design the sets based on the energy of the city I’m in and what they’re responding to and if there’s something that seems especially appropriate, I mean except for like “Datura,” I can pretty much do a version alone at the piano even if it’s not something the band or in this case the string quartet has worked up. Or I can do a cover. I see all songs as part of the palette and it’s about changing something every night so that it’s unique. Some songs are just part of the basic repertoire and you’ll find I’m playing them at almost every show. They’re kind of our building blocks and we go from there. BLADE: These songs are more classically oriented than anything else you’ve done. Is that dictated by the arrangements and instrumentation or is there something in their basic lyrics and chord progressions that makes them inherently classical in nature? Could they have worked with drums and bass in theory? AMOS: With this project, I knew I couldn’t make it too obscure in dealing with classical themes. I didn’t want it to sound un-contemporary. I wanted people to listen to it and say, “Oh, that’s the Tori I recognize.” I didn’t want it to be “Tori goes classical.” And so while there are some ancient melodic elements here, it’s really worked into a 21st century framework and so it’s not that they aren’t really built in a pop structure, but I think there’s a fusion that is happening and I told somebody yesterday you have to approach something like this where you’re using a master classical work as a base, there’s a delicate ruthlessness you have to apply because a lot of these pieces are very beautiful in their original form, but for a lot of people, unless you’re really into the classical arena, they haven’t been exposed to it all. So I would say to the masters themselves and their energy, “OK look, if you want to be part of this, you’ve got to let me know.” And each one would hunt me down. I’d just be walking around and it was like popcorn, “OK, I’m the Chopin piece, I’m in.” BLADE: Tori fans are known for their extreme devotion. Do some fans take it too far with the massive collections, tattoos, following you around on tour, etc. Does that level of fandom ever freak you out? AMOS: I think to some degree, that isn’t really any of my business. People have their own relationships with the songs. What maybe gets confusing is when people start trying to read so much into the songs that they think that I’m leaving my husband and child and running off with somebody from the planet Saturn and joining a cult and that’s just not happening. And so the songs can have heartbreak and all kinds of emotions but especially if you’re a writer, you write about it but you also have a private life and some entertainers don’t hold their private life very sacred. I have to walk a delicate balance because you want to be open with your emotions and let that into the music on one level but also present it in a way that transcends the particulars of what’s going on in my own life. BLADE: As your early career was taking shape, it was clear you weren’t accepting history and religion from a traditional Judeo-Christian perspective. Did you and your father (a Methodist minister) talk about such things? Did your parents consider your lyrics and imagery sacreligious? AMOS: Yeah, there were some conversations years ago, like before the turn of the century, there were many discussions and he would say he thought I was being a little hard on the big G and I would say, “Well, you know Dad, writers have to be able to have their say and it’s important because it’s from a different perspective.” I would never tell another writer what to say or not to say. They have to have their own musical expressions. I don’t always agree with other writers or other theology, but it might really motivate me to ask questions on my own. I think that’s what a good writer does, motivating others to ask questions. Not to tell them something, but to find out what it is they believe. BLADE: Why do you think gay people exist? Is it to fulfill some evolutionary or biological role? Does it matter? AMOS: Well, different people have had different information over the years that I find very fascinating. I’m sure you’ve been reading. Some of it sounds very iffy but it sounds like the science is very supportive that this is not something you just choose and I think the religions really need to hear this from the scientific community. I do think the judgment that is against people who are gay is so misinformed and cold. I’ve met quite a few young people who have been really tormented by other teenagers and they’re not being accepted even in the 21st century. I think in some ways the world has become more judgmental. It’s almost a world of extremes and then you have the center, we see this even in Congress, trying to find some balance and logic amidst these extremes. I mean, I don’t know what it would be like to be a teen today and realize that I’m gay. I don’t know if it’s any easier than it was, if you’re in, say a very conservative household. I mean what happens when somebody in a tea party household realizes this? BLADE: You play the piano with such precision. I don’t think I’ve ever heard you hit an obvious wrong note. Is this just from years of playing? How do you manage this? Don’t all pianists hit wrong notes sometimes? AMOS: Well part of the whole thing is that my core is very aligned and it might not seem like I’m moving around much but my core is pretty anchored, I kind of balance myself on the high heel and it gives me a stance. AMOS: Definitely. If I have a flat foot, I don’t have the same kind of core or if it’s anchored too high, then I wobble, but if it’s just the right height on the foot, it’s a huge support to the core because you play from your core, not from your hands. It all comes from the center, your solar plexus. This past Sunday morning, October 7th, Tori joined Nemone for the Record Exchange, a regular segment on her BBC 6 Music radio program where the she and her guest pick out a song for each other and have a little chat about the songs. As the interview was pre-recorded, the conversation centered on the then upcoming show at Royal Albert Hall, the new record and, as you can see in the picture to the right, Tori’s heels. As for the songs, Nemone picked “Diablo Rojo” by Rodrigo Y Gabriela while Tori went with Don McLean’s “American Pie,” thinking about the upcoming election in the States. If you missed it, slept through it (like we did) or just want to listen to it again, the program is available on-demand on the BBC iPlayer through next Sunday. The segment with Tori start just after the 2 hour point.

Rockies pitcher Jon Gray delivers against the Cubs during the first inning Tuesday at Wrigley Field in Chicago. (David Banks / Getty Images) CHICAGO — At age 26, and with 65 starts on the back of his baseball card, Jon Gray remains a work in progress. But the hard-throwing right-hander looked close to a finished product Tuesday night in the Rockies' 3-1 win over the Cubs. Deftly mixing his fastball, curveball and recalibrated slider, Gray pitched an efficient seven innings, needing only 96 pitches. He allowed one run on three hits, struck out six and walked only one. He induced a bushel of groundballs early before striking out the Cubs later. Gray's two bugaboos earlier this season — failure to consistently put batters away when he had two strikes on them, and opposing batters clobbering him the third time through the order — didn't haunt him Tuesday night. Opponents had been hitting Gray at a .484 clip (with a 1.271 OPS) that third time through, but Tuesday night, only Kyle Schwarber's triple in the seventh left a mark. But Gray stranded Schwarber by striking out Victor Caratini on a high fastball and getting Jason Heyward to pop out to Tony Wolters behind home plate. On a night that began with a 16 mph wind blowing out at Wrigley Field, Gray was immediately punished. Anthony Rizzo drove Gray's first pitch of the night — a 94 mph fastball — into the seats in left field. But then Gray settled in, getting out of the inning with two fly outs and a grounder to Nolan Arenado at third. Then Gray cranked up his groundball machine. Utilizing primarily fastballs, he set the Cubs down in order in the second and third on six groundball outs, five of them to second baseman Daniel Castro. Gray found trouble in the fourth. Kris Bryant led off with a single and Ben Zobrist walked. But by deftly mixing his fastball, curve and slider, Gray got out of the mess with three more groundouts. Not long ago, the slider was Gray's put-away pitch, but it's been misbehaving much of this season. So Gray has worked overtime in his bullpen sessions, working on his grip and mechanics. It paid off in the fifth when he struck out the side, whiffing Heyward and Ian Happ with 89 mph sliders, before striking out Cubs starter Kyle Hendricks looking at a 95 mph heater. "I think that slider is where we want it now," pitching coach Steve Foster said. "It's back to what it was in the past. Because Jon had kind of gotten away from it. But when that pitch is on, it's devastating." "I don't care if it's the big leagues or the little leagues, when you get ahead with two strikes as a pitcher, you need to take advantage of that," Foster said. "You have to take advantage of having that edge, and Jon hasn't been doing that." The Rockies called up Daniel Castro from Triple-A Albuquerque on Monday and sent down struggling first baseman Ryan McMahon. Castro, 25, was hitting a sizzling .407 through 23 games with the Isotopes this year — including a current 22-game hitting streak. He played second base and hit seventh in Tuesday night's game, going 0-for-3. Explaining his hot start at the plate in Triple-A, Castro said: "The biggest thing has been my consistency. The adjustments I've made, and with the way I'm moving my body, I'm able to recognize pitches much better." The Guaymas, Mexico, native saw action in 80 major-league games during the 2015 and 2016 seasons with Atlanta, hitting .217 with a .515 OPS. Manager Bud Black said Castro was called up primarily to fill a need at second base, because DJ LeMahieu is on the 10-day disabled list with a strained right hamstring. LeMahieu is eligible to return to the lineup next Tuesday. Black also hopes that Castro can help spark a sluggish offense this is coming off an April slump that was the worst month of hitting in franchise history. "Daniel brings us, hopefully, a base hit here and there," Black said. "He's really swung the bat well at Albuquerque and he's off to a great start." McMahon, meanwhile, struggled in 50 at-bats, hitting .180 while striking out at a 36.7 percent clip. May buy 1 for yourself and 2 additional as gifts. May use 1 per visit. New clients only. Must use entire value in one visit. Valid only for the option purchased. Appointments required, same day appointments accepted. Merchant cancellation policy of 24 hours applies or voucher may be forfeit. Expires 4 months after purchase. See the terms that apply to all deals. At Blonde Ambition, they offer a newer form of eyelash extensions that give you more curl and thickness. Now you can spend less time getting ready in the morning and more time looking beautiful!

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I've been playing passive basses for the past year or so. Took my Bongo to my last gig - a wedding. Hated the experience (and my Bongo was my #1 for many years). I've gotten too used to passive basses and felt like I was playing a entirely different instrument - had to dramatically re-adjust my playing style. But never mind that, the point... When we played any slap tunes, or I had to do anything from the 8th fret up - it's the first time in a year that I heard CLEARLY what was going on! I have to humble myself and admit I've been a lazy guy for a while. I just kind of accepted that I lose something when I switch from finger style to slap, or when I start going down the neck - but I don't want to do that anymore. I want my notes to be clear and articulate all across the board, and think I need some assistance. I know - a compressor seems like the simple, logical solution - yet it isn't. Or at least not the compressor on my head (Carvin BX700) or pedals (which I don't really like using). Open to possibility that I might need a specific type of compression though. I also anticipate the, "Duh, start playing active basses again," response. But I'm currently in love with the expressiveness of the less electronic instruments. I'm curious how other deal with this (or if they even experience it), and it seems very much to be something that only happens with my passive basses. Was never a problem in the past, only since I switched over from all active to all passive. Any and all thoughts are welcome. Would also like to know how pickup height affects the sound. I realize my strings are dangerously close to the pickups when I'm playing on the lower half of my neck. Think about the Sadowsky pedal preamp (SB-2; new one without the DI). I have it and it pumps and crisps up my Lakland P a bit without it sounding like my active Sadowsky J. I also have a Keeley Bassist Compressor, but for one-pedal simplicity, the SB-2 has been very interesting as you can balance the output level and then toggle on or off as the song/timbre call for without having to deal with active/passive volume boosts/drops (e.g. Motown vs. disco). Since any and all thoughts are welcome, I have to point out the peculiarity that you may be interested in adding something to your signal ("specific type of compression" or something else electronic- I mean, you are asking what other people do to compensate for the losses you are experiencing and I don't think that anybody is going to be offering any "holistic" solutions- the answers will be (and so far, are, something "electronic") yet you don't want the obvious answer- returning to active- of which you are blessed with a billion. You like the "expressiveness" of the passives but how can you imply that they are more "expressive" if you can't hear them over the 8th fret or when you slap? I call BS. Keep it simple, stupid! I know you know that one. Yes, this IS an intervention. I hate to call you out here but, c'mon, Joe. Embrace your actives. Passives with no outboard electronic tomfoolery, be it live or in studio, are largely for sparsely arranged/old-school music or for music where bass is just a non-descript hum underneath power chords. Your gig ain't playing that stuff. It's okay to be not hip, to not be retro. Worse, its definitely not authentic to be "posing" with a passive while secretly using electronics to effectively simulate an active bass. It's OKAY to play a big ass, gas-guzzlin Hum Vee equivalent of a bass on YOUR gig! Bust out your actives and pollute the venues like a mofo. 'merica! PS: I finally got tired of smoking and I haven't had a cig for 7 days and 11 hours. I'm selectively following stuff from your book as life allows, too. I'm not sure if I'm getting better or worse. For instance, am I being a super dick here or am I just giving good advice in a tough love way? I dont agree with any of that. Darryl jones is the immediate guy who comes to mind. Played a passive bass in fusion projects. So many - Tim Lefebvre, could even throw in the classic Jaco reference. List goes on forever. I mean, there are so many passive basses in so many styles of music that it makes no sense to pigeonhole them to any specific genre. One great thing about them is that they do really well with pedals and preamps. There is nothing wrong with running a passive bass through a pre. I have been running mine through a noble and boosting the highs a lows a bit. I never experience a lack of clarity above the 8th fret when i slap there. That actually made me LOL... so iz all good . I hear ya, and I learned something at tonight's gig also. I asked the other guys about when I play stuff in the upper register. They told me they hear it just fine. Hmmm.... This may very be an IEM thing I have going on, or a deaf thing - maybe I'm just losing the higher frequencies within the mix. And my active basses rip through it all? I dunno. I'm gonna play all my basses. I'm gonna buy more basses . I'm gonna finally sell some basses - I have to. I'm gonna shut up now cuz it's late and I'm only half here... aight... yeah... g'nite! Savage has added an adjustable gas block and longer barrel to stretch the out-of-the-box performance of its MSR 15 Recon platform even further. The Recon LRP features an 18" barrel to optimize velocities and accuracy, and its gas block can be customized to specific ammunition for the best possible cycling. Like the original MSR 15 Recon, it comes standard with upgrades such as a two-stage trigger, free-float handguard and Savage barrel. 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Holly, ambitious and confident, temporarily occupies the bench of her recently deceased mentor. With an election upcoming, she must prove herself worthy of making her judgeship permanent. Every decision is high-stakes. Despite Crawford's obvious love for his child and his commitment to being an ideal parent, Holly is wary of his checkered past. Her opinion of him is radically changed when a masked gunman barges into the courtroom during the custody hearing. Crawford reacts instinctually, saving Holly from a bullet. But his heroism soon takes on the taint of recklessness. The cloud over him grows even darker after he uncovers a horrifying truth about the courtroom gunman and realizes that the unknown person behind the shooting remains at large . . .and a threat. Catching the real culprit becomes a personal fight for Crawford. But pursuing the killer in his customary diehard fashion will jeopardize his chances of gaining custody of his daughter, and further compromise Judge Holly Spencer, who needs protection not only from an assassin, but from Crawford himself and the forbidden attraction between them. FRICTION will keep you on the edge of your seat with breathtaking plot twists and the unforgettable characters that make Sandra Brown one of the world's best-loved authors. It is an extraordinary novel about the powerful ties that bind us to the ones we love and the secrets we keep to protect them. "Crawford Hunt wants his daughter back. Following the death of his wife four years ago, Crawford, a Texas Ranger, fell into a downward spiral that left him relegated to deskwork and with his five-year-old daughter Georgia in the custody of her grandparents. But Crawford has cleaned up his act, met all the court imposed requirements, and now the fate of his family lies with Judge Holly Spencer. Holly, ambitious and confident, temporarily occupies the bench of her recently deceased mentor. With an election upcoming, she must prove herself worthy of making her judgeship permanent. Every decision is high-stakes. Despite Crawford's obvious love for his child and his commitment to being an ideal parent, Holly is wary of his checkered past. Her opinion of him is radically changed when a masked gunman barges into the courtroom during the custody hearing. Crawford reacts instinctually, saving Holly from a bullet. But his heroism soon takes on the taint of recklessness. The cloud over him grows even darker after he uncovers a horrifying truth about the courtroom gunman and realizes that the unknown person behind the shooting remains at large . . .and a threat. Catching the real culprit becomes a personal fight for Crawford. But pursuing the killer in his customary diehard fashion will jeopardize his chances of gaining custody of his daughter, and further compromise Judge Holly Spencer, who needs protection not only from an assassin, but from Crawford himself and the forbidden attraction between them" -- Audiobooks, Custody of children -- Fiction, Large type books, Romantic suspense fiction, American, Texas -- Fiction, Women judges -- Fiction Audiobooks, Custody of children, Fiction, Large type books, Mystery, Romance, Romantic suspense fiction, American, Suspense, Thriller, Women judges

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We only use manufacturer-recommended parts for your vehicle. After each visit, we will log all the details in your car’s service book and will instruct you for the next visit. Preston Tyre Bay is the largest tyre retailers in Longridge. At our garage, you will find products from – Our stock can be divided into season-specific products like summer, winter, and all-season tyres and performance-specific ones like high-performance tyres, 4X4 tyres, etc. We also stock specialised run-flats and trailer tyres in Longridge. Whether you are looking for new tyres or car servicing, we are here to help. Bring your car to our garage today. Don’t forget to schedule an appointment to skip the queue.

Bob Harrower does something with Lennar Construction. To be honest, I’m not sure what or what his title at Lennar is, but you’ll see his name through many of the Lennar construction issues. Bob Harrower was central to the first year WCI Communities (now Lennar Homes), which put all of these construction issues into a lawsuit. These are all of the issues and communications directly related to Bob Harrower of Lennar. If you have had similar experiences and issues with Lennar Homes (formerly WCI Communities) or Bob Harrower, please use the contact form to get in touch with me. One of the oldest areas reputed the most authentic Chinatown outside of China and one of the largest in the world. A city in the city not much has changed over the past decade and is among one of the most popular attractions of Bangkok. A place to explore on foot in a full-day. In 1782 the King Rama1 established the capital in Bangkok. The Chinese community was resettled to what was then a boggy, and small alley to become soi Sampeng, which had the shabby reputation of having most of the opium dens, gambling houses, and brothels in Bangkok. Of course illegal nowadays. Sampeng lane renamed Soi Wanit 1. is the business center of the area. It’s said the lane of the road resemble a dragon’s curvy body, making it a propitious location for business. A few years ago one part of the narrow lane was covered with a glass roof, making it cooler and more agreeable despite the crowd, and many shops have air-conditioned, a place for shopping and photos. Cheap goods, some from local production, but mainly imported from China and South Korea, bags, shoes, toy’s, textiles, cosmetics, fashion accessories, stationery, and much more of everything. Wholesale price or pack(6 to 12pcs), cheaper, but you can buy per pieces. Try to bargain for fun, but often the prices are fixed, no tourist target here. A lot of retailers coming to buy here, and you will see many of these goods sales on the streets or other markets in the city. Be Careful of the pickpockets. All shops close at 17.00 The center of Chinatown, built during the reign of King Rama 5, named the road Yaowarat which mean young King. There are many popular gold shops, and it’s still the largest gold trading market in Thailand. Old shops of Chinese herbs, pharmacies, dry fruits, brass wares, stalls fruit, Chinese bird’s nest, and shark fin soup restaurants. It is also a favorite destination for food, and every evening change of scenery as both sides of the street are lined with food stalls, plastic chairs, and tables. Crowded but everything going smoothly, good atmosphere, and the vendors are effective and friendly. Seafood a little bit expensive for street food stalls. A large part of Yaowarat Sampeng is under renovation to give place for a new Asiatique night entertainment and commercial center. The first proper road built by Rama 4 in 1861, because the foreign diplomat complained that no roads for them to ride their carriages. A major road, the main street of Bangkok till early of the twenty century. Long of 8.5km from Wat Pho to Bang Tho Laem district. Many historic buildings and neighborhoods which are under threat by the MRT (opening 2019) that will bring a significant change we can already feel by galleries, bars, restaurants, flourishing in the area. The total distance of Walking Street Chinatown Bangkok is around 2 km. My itinerary is around 3 km. Take your time, many things going here and there. I like to start from Hua Lamphong MRT station to the Wat Traimit, pass the Chinese gate, a short walk and I am at Tien Fa Foundation, a Shrine dedicated to Kuan Yin Goddess of Mercy. Founded in 1902, it’s the oldest charitable society in Bangkok, the organization provides free medical care to the poor and the homeless. The statue is the highlight of the temple, is believed to be around 800 years old, and was carved out from a single piece of teak in China. Continue on Yaowarat road, after the Yaowa Phanit road, take the first small soi on the left, few more stride and welcome to the hubbub of Sampeng. Shoulder to shoulder, scooters loaded with cardboard, cars, buyer carrying huge plastic bags, routine for locals people. At Mangkon road intersection is Bangkok Bank Building, one of the oldest commercial buildings, and right across the historic Tang To Kang Gold shop. a 7-floor building. Built-in 1880 was designed by a Dutch architect, and at that time was the tallest building in the area. Then keep walking to the end, over the Klong Ong Ang, and to Chakphet road, cross it and you are in Phahurat, named Little India. The market is full of Indian fabric, cotton, silk, tweed, but also leather sandals, bags, and Indian music. A lot of stalls and shops in small alleys. Amateur of India food, have your lunch (I always do) and fresh up on the fourth floor of the quiet mall Emporium, air conditioning, not expensive and good food. If you wish you can pay a visit to the Guru Tawan Sikh Temple, the Second Largest outside of India, but women need to cover their hair with a provided orange scarf. Let’s go to Charoen Krung, a walk in this active and noisy road to the 150 years old Mahayana, Mangkon Kamalawat (the Dragon flower temple), the largest and most important Chinese temple in Bangkok. My favorite one in Chinatown. Built-in 1871 with the Chinese name Leng Noei Yi, King Rama V changed to the Dragon Lotus Temple. A lot of different shrines, it is said that if you pay homage to all of them it’s will bring you good luck. At the main entrance, four Buddhist guardians of the world wearing Chinese warrior costumes is believed offering oil will smooth the path into the afterlife. More simple, as you enter the temple, just buy some fake paper bank note and burn them as an offering. On the way to the temple, for those looking for cellphones, smartphones, tablets accessories, batteries, earphones, cables, chargers, have a look on Thanon (road) Suapa, cheaper, more choice than other markets in the city. I recommend Remark shop, good stuff. From Wat Mangkon, cross the street and take the next right, Trok Issaranuphap, a wet market narrow alley connecting to Yaowarat road, known as Talat Mai the New Market. Plenty of food and strange products, a very atmospheric place to go and take photos. Down the soi is Leng Buai La Shrine, considered to be the oldest Chinese in Thailand. Inside there is a shrine dedicated to Leng Buai La and his wife in the center, on the left to the deity Going-Wuo and to the Queen of Heaven on the right. Now maybe it’s time to think to go back to your hotel, so just cross Yaowarat road, and on Mangkon road walk straight to Ratchawong pier, ferry boat express. But why not a good fresh drink with a great panoramic view, Chinatown and Chao Phraya river at your feet, and then a good street food dinner. Of course, Chinese New Year and Lantern Festival is the best time to visit Chinatown which will be on February 5, 2019. But also the celebration of the mooncake festival at the end of the autumn harvest and during the ten days of the vegetarian festival when the whole Chinese district is covered with yellow color to honor the nine Taoist emperor gods is a unique occasion, from 28 of September to 7 October,

Newcastle 1 Man United 0: The tributes to Liam Miller were both impeccable and tragically poignant, but sadly for Manchester United, they were unable to fashion a display or an outcome fully fitting of a player taken far too soon. Miller’s name regularly rang down from the stands as 3,000 visiting fans sang in his honour, after both sets of supporters held a minute’s applause for a proud son of Cork, who so sadly succumbed to pancreatic cancer aged 36. The black armbands sported by the visitors was another nice touch to remember the Republic of Ireland midfielder who, though making only a little over 20 appearances in his two years at Old Trafford, remains fondly remembered by all those associated with the club. Unfortunately for United, they couldn’t evoke a 90-minute reminder of the way Miller so often performed for all the teams he represented with such distinction in a dozen years as a player, with Jose Mourinho’s wait for a victory at the place he fondly refers to as ‘Mr Robson’s home’ showing no sign of coming to an end. From his seat in the celestial stand, the Manchester United manager’s mentor Bobby would have no doubt approved as Newcastle were rewarded for the kind of gutsy display which very much harked back to the footballing Knight’s own celebrated spell in charge on Tyneside, as three priceless points were secured in the fight to stay up. “Newcastle had their luck, but sometimes you deserve that luck,” said Mourinho, who hauled an ineffectual Paul Pogba off midway through the second-half. “After certain defeats, Sir Bobby told me ‘don’t be so sad — think about the happiness of the other side’. Newcastle’s players and fans are very happy with this result. The gods of football weren’t with us, so I have a little smile for Sir Bobby, even though I’m disappointed.” It’s perhaps a sign of the times that the only goal arrived from a free-kick conceded by a diving centre-back. Chris Smalling deservedly earned a yellow card for dissent, which Jonjo Shelvey pumped into the visitors’ box for Florian Lejeune and Dwight Gayle to fashion an opening for the unmarked Matt Ritchie to power into the bottom corner. Newcastle had started the contest in the relegation zone, but rose to 13th on the back of a first home win in nine attempts. The threat of an immediate return to the Championship remains very real for the Geordie nation, but the boost this result has given to their survival hopes is immeasurable. They looked to have missed their chance as Mourinho’s side weathered an early storm to gain an increasing foothold in an intriguing contest which stretched to seven the number of games the Portuguese has failed to emerge victorious in the league here. Debutant goalkeeper Martin Dubravka laid early claim to cult hero status on Tyneside, the Slovakian pulling off half-a-dozen stunning saves, which in addition to at least three goal-line clearances from his new team-mates somehow saw the visitors return across the Pennines without a point to their name. Newcastle went against type to squarely go for the jugular from the first whistle, helped by a semi-comatose start from the visitors. It almost brought them an early lead, when it took a fine save from David DeGea to beat out a fierce long-range shot from Shelvey on the edge of the area. Ayoze Perez fired narrowly wide from similar range after the excellent Mo Diame dispossessed Nemanja Matic and Newcastle might also have had a penalty when Gayle went down under challenge from Smalling, but after their appeals were waved away their force began to wane, leaving Dubravka to make a memorable first impression. After pushing Jesse Lingard’s low shot to safety, the 29-year-old further excelled by coming out to block from Anthony Martial after the forward had been put through by Nemanja Matic. Newcastle’s rearguard effort continued after the break, Lukaku’s header ruled out for pushing before Alexis Sanchez left three defenders trailing only to see his shot from a narrow angle deflected into the side netting. Lejeune then blocked the South American’s goal-bound effort after the rounded Dubravka had for once been left helpless. The opening goal duly arrived, but at the other end with 25 minutes remaining, as Ritchie confidently dispatched his first goal of the season to elicit the maximum punishment for Smalling’s act of folly when he attempted to con the officials when challenging for the ball with Shelvey. It was a brief respite for Newcastle as Dubravka beat out an Ashley Young shot, before Martial had two efforts blocked on the line from a Juan Mata corner, by DeAndre Yedlin and Gayle, as the hosts stood firm to record a first victory over top six opposition this season. “It’s a big boost for us and gives us belief,” Benitez said. “This team cares. We know we have limitations but this is another game where they gave everything.” Our Cranked Backflap Hinges are general purpose hinges which are suited for cabinet/wooden box doors. The crank in the hinge allows the two hinge leafs to close closer to one another. The Self Colour finish allows you to coat/paint the hinges whichever way you would like.

REQUIRED SKILLS:Perfect eye for detail and realism Advanced knowledge of lighting and shading for multi-pass output Comfortable in working with EXR multi channel files Advanced knowledge of both traditional lighting and HDRI based lighting using FG and GI techniques Knowledge of Houdini Good knowledge of scene file optimization for rendering Comfor ... OverviewThank you for your interest in Image Engine.Don't see a position that's the right fit for you? Submit a general application for our Lighting department so we have your details for future openings.Make sure to also follow us on LinkedIn, Twitter and Facebook to keep up to date with opportunities at Image Engine and exciting news about the st ... Weta Digital is hiring Lighting Pipeline Engineers for the Shots R&D department to help build lighting pipeline tools and workflows. The Shots R&D department provides production tools and work flows for the FX, Lighting, Comp and Matte Painting departments, and solutions that interconnect these departments with other groups in the company.This is a highly technical position, and wo ... Description A Lighting Technical Director at Double Negative is someone who possesses a thorough knowledge of 3D Computer Graphics. From years of experience in shot finishing on broad cast or feature film projects you will have developed an ‘eye’ for the work . You will have a good working knowledge of art, design and film lighting, as well as a so ... Description PLEASE NOTE: We are accepting speculative applications only.We do not currently have openings available for the position of CG Lighting Supervisor, however, we are accepting speculative applications.If you would like to be considered for future opportunities, please submit an application. We will keep your details on our database ... Description PLEASE NOTE: We are accepting speculative applications only.We do not currently have openings available for the position of [Animator], however, we are accepting speculative applications. If you would like to be considered for future opportunities, please submit an application. We will keep your details on our database ... Weta Digital is seeking an experienced Katana developer for the Shots R&D department to help build and manage the lighting pipeline and workflows. The Shots R&D department provides production tools and work flows for the FX, Lighting, Comp and Matte Painting departments, and solutions that interconnect these departments with other groups in the company. The work requires creating i ... DescriptionLighting Technical Directors are responsible for the final 3D scene assembly, lighting and rendering of elements required to complete visual effects shots for high-end photo-realistic VFX films. Responsibilities: CG scene assembly including the correct assets from applicable departments Lighting shots as briefed by the Visual Effects/CG Supervisor or Sequence Lead Workin ... Lighting artistsWalt Disney Animation Studios combines the very best in artistry and storytelling with cutting-edge technology to bring wonderful new stories to the big screen for audiences around the world. Constantly challenged to create innovative new technologies for animated features, theme park productions, and special projects for the Walt D ... Description PLEASE NOTE: We are accepting speculative applications only.We do not currently have openings available for the position of TV Lighting TD, however, we are accepting speculative applications.If you would like to be considered for future opportunities, please submit an application. We will keep your details on our database ... ResponsibilitiesThe Technical Director (TD) in the Technical Production department is responsible for video source switching of live or live-to-tape fast paced news, entertainment, talk and sports programs, daily pre-production sessions, special programs and remotes, as assigned. Serve as ‘Crew Chief’ for all in-house and remote productions. Respon ... We are looking for a Senior Creature TD to join our award winning team.Applicants should be experienced and passionate about building photo-realistic creatures. They should have broad anatomical knowledge and be well versed in creation, rigging and simulation of skeletons, muscles, and skin.A Senior Creature TD is responsible for building, rigging ... Opportunity OverviewSUMMARY OF POSITION WB Games Montréal is currently look for an Animation Technical Director to Lead and direct the development technical aspects of the animation production pipeline including character, facial, mechanical animation rig set up. Job Responsibilities · Direct and supervise the technical animation pipeline and all procedures, tools ... We are looking for a Lead Creature TD to join our award winning team.Applicants should be experienced and passionate about building photo-realistic creatures. They should have broad anatomical knowledge and be well versed in creation, rigging and simulation of skeletons, muscles, and skin. Mechanical rigging experience and knowledge is also required.A Lead Creature TD is responsibl ... Description A t DNEG, our CG Supervisors are the glue that hold projects together. They are vital to the delivery of our shows and we rely on them heavily to provide technical leadership. It is their responsibility to interpret and implement the creative aims of the Director and VFX Supervisors within budget. As a CG Supervisor, you will oversee a team of talented artists as they produce CG assets, set up a working ... Description Position at Industrial Light & Magic Working under the direction of the Producer and the VFX Supervisor, the CG Supervisor ensures all delivered shots maintain the group’s rigorous technical standards and support the creative vision of the Director by directing the artists’ work, technical skills, organization and communication. • Crewe ... DescriptionFramestore's Integrated Advertising division in London is searching for a Pipeline TD to join our global pipeline team. The focus of the role will be to design, implement and support our visual effects pipeline tools that are used in the production across all of our content; from traditional commercials, to theme park rides, VR and TV series projects. We are particularly interested in TD ... ResponsibilitiesJob Duties, Technical Director:• Crew leader who works with technical and news staff to satisfy production needs for live, taped and automated programming, under supervision of Director & Operations management• Build and organize switcher effects, snapshots, transitions and specialty wipes• Help provide solutions for studio, and con ... Technical DirectorsWe are seeking Technical Directors for upcoming projects at our Burbank, CA studio.Technical Directors are responsible for providing support to our artist teams in a variety of areas including writing tools to facilitate the CG animation process, acting as a liaison to the software developers, and front-line artist support.Techni ... Minimum Requirements: Performing tasks associated with lighting, shading and rendering processes. Managing a production team of 3d artists within established timeframes. Assigning tasks, tutoring, creative and technical coaching of team members. Supervising and reviewing the work of team members. Essentially involved in the planning of productions, ...

John Eliot, PhD, is one of the world’s leading authorities on peak performance. He’s also more than willing to challenge conventional wisdom on the subject. Too often, he argues, the focus is put on minimizing stress, when in many cases, learning how to thrive in the face of pressure is a far more effective and rewarding strategy. Eliot, a professor of management and psychology and a private consultant to top-level executives, athletes, artists and corporations, offers his own alternate stress-modulating philosophies in his book Overachievement: The New Model for Exceptional Performance (Portfolio Trade, 2006). Here is some of the book’s most essential, innovative advice. Relaxation techniques have their place, Eliot acknowledges, particularly when tension or overwork becomes debilitating. Central to Eliot’s philosophy, however, is the idea that, in order to succeed, we must learn to embrace and exploit the anxiety inherent in life’s biggest moments. “Great performers welcome pressure,” he writes. “Instead of trying to control or erase pressure, they use it as a kind of energy bar.” In the heat of a nerve-racking moment, our bodies naturally take energy away from nonessential activities and channel it to those things that the body perceives as absolutely vital. “The physical symptoms of fight-or-flight are what the human body has learned over thousands of years to operate more efficiently and at the highest level,” Eliot says. “I cannot enhance anybody’s performance without getting them not only to live with the butterflies that come with high-pressure jobs, but to embrace that kind of physical response.” This level of resilience, says Eliot, is an important prerequisite to becoming an exceptional performer. “To be sure, great performers are well trained, experienced, smart and, in some cases, divinely talented,” Eliot observes. “But the way their brains work during a performance is a lot more like a squirrel’s than like Albert Einstein’s. “Like squirrels, the best in every business do what they have learned to do without questioning their abilities — they flat out trust their skills, which is why we call this high performance state of mind the ‘Trusting Mindset.’” Admittedly, the idea that humans should channel a squirrel seems a bit goofy. But imagine one of those rascally rodents scurrying across a telephone wire. He’s not up there thinking, Oh my! This wire’s a high one, and it’s a little windy, and if I take a wrong step I could fall. This is so much harder than I thought it would be! The squirrel trusts his abilities completely and just goes for it. And 99 times out of 100 he successfully crosses the wire. Not convinced? Consider what happens when someone asks you to throw over a set of keys. If you’re like most people, you just turn and toss without a second thought. And, because you have a subconscious confidence in your arm’s ability and don’t think through the motion, you almost always hit the target. Now imagine that you’re engaged in a key-toss competition in the middle of a filled-to-capacity basketball arena. There is a million-dollar prize on the line and five other contestants, each one a previous key-toss world champion. How do you perform with the same ease and confidence you did in casual company? How do you avoid doubting yourself under the hot lights of expectation? Eliot says that you’ll do your best if you maintain the same trusting mindset you had when no money was on the line and no one was watching. “Confidence is not a guarantee of success, but a pattern of thinking that will improve your likelihood of success,” he says. “Routine access to the Trusting Mindset is what separates great performers from the rest of the pack.” Overachievers focus on what they are doing — simply and absolutely. “They couldn’t care less about the results,” Eliot says. One way to stay completely focused on a given project is to engage what Eliot describes as our “super pilot,” which he likens to what athletes commonly refer to as “the zone.” Super-pilot mode not only necessitates a state of complete engagement with a given task, but also requires that you are “concentrating only on the simplest nature of the performance.” Note that super pilot, which requires active engagement, is distinct from autopilot. Instead of just hitting the cruise-control button and sailing through, you channel stress into a heightened, fully engaged state of attentiveness. It requires both getting into the flow and then remaining present and conscious when you’re there. In super-pilot mode, there is no room for anxiety about results. You are fully in the moment, doing what you do best — and getting the best results for your effort. If you want to accomplish extraordinary things, you must believe in yourself and in your dreams. Often that means fending off other people’s skepticism. “History shows us that the people who end up changing the world — the great political, social, scientific, technological, artistic, even sports revolutionaries — are always nuts,” writes Eliot. “Until they’re right, and then they’re geniuses.” If you want to achieve at an extraordinary level, Eliot concludes, you must learn to let the skepticism of others roll right off you. “Exceptional thinkers ignore their critics,” he says, “and go about their business making history.” John Eliot is an award-winning professor of management, psychology and human performance. He has held faculty appointments at Rice University, the University of Houston and the Texas Medical Center. He is a Phi Beta Kappa graduate of Dartmouth College, and cofounder of the Milestone Group, a consulting firm providing training, assessment and education to business executives, professional athletes, physicians, performing artists and corporations nationwide. Eliot’s clients have included Accenture, Shell, the San Antonio Spurs and the Chicago White Sox. Brian Johnson Brian Johnson is the Philosopher and CEO of en*theos (http://entheos.com), a company that creates cool stuff to help people optimize their lives, including the en*theos Academy for Optimal Living, Philosophers­Notes and Blissitations. He is the author of A Philosopher’s Notes (en*theos Enterprises, 2010) and is featured in the documentary Finding Joe. Learn more at BrianJohnson.me. I’ve experienced both sides of the spectrum with this. For example, when I play basketball, the times where I start thinking too much about “making the perfect play” is when failure is imminent. But, when I focus on the moment, channel all my energy to the moment, and just trust my skills and training, good things always happen. And that’s something I’ve learned to apply in other areas of my life as well. Thanks for another great summary Brian! Most of us prefer to avoid messing up. But as it turns out, a certain amount of failure supports success. Here’s why — and how to make the most of your misfires. Before you rush into setting health and fitness goals for the year ahead, stop and appreciate what you’ve already accomplished. A quick look back may be the best tool in evaluating what steps to take next.

The Trojan horse got its name from the a story about the Greek soldiers. The Greeks soldiers deceived the Trojans by presenting a giant wooden horse. That's what the malicious program, Trojan horse, does as well. It disguises itself as a regular file that you wouldn't even notice. Thus, it might take a while before you notice the threat it brought to your endpoint. A Trojan horse is a type of malware – not a virus. The Trojan horse virus can replicate itself while the Trojan horse can't do that. This is the very reason why many cyber criminals use a various methods and tricks to delude users to install a Trojan horse into their endpoint. When it's successfully installed onto the endpoint, it can perform any task the attacker designed to do. Of course, it's important to know how to know how a Trojan horse acts once its on your endpoint. For that, a scenario will be given for clearer illustration of how a Trojan horse works: It will all start when the victim receives an authentic-looking email with an attachment. The attachment surely carries a malicious code that will be activated when the victim downloads the attachment. Most of the time, the Trojan won't be detectable. The computer will continue working as usual, yet it's already infected with a Trojan horse. The Trojan horse stays undetected until a specific date. Or until the victim carries out a specific action, such as visiting an online banking website. At that time, the trigger activates the malicious code and carries out its intended action. The Trojan horse can also be made to delete itself after it has done its intended function. It may return to a dormant state or it may continue to be active. You might think that it's easy to delete a Trojan Horse. That's the hard part; it looks like any other ordinary file such as a photo editing software, an antivirus, or even an MP3 song. A Trojan horse can take any form of file because it's crafted to trick the endpoint users. Reformatting your endpoint might be the answer on your mind, but you'll definitely lose all of your important files. Heartbreaking, isn't it? After collecting all the files you've worked hard for, you just have to decide which one is harmful. The cyber criminals use the method called social engineering to work against you. They'll use deceitful language to convince you that the Trojan horse is a authentic app or program. When you install the Trojan horse, it'll definitely work to do malicious activities on your endpoint. The Trojan horse is one of the most used malware by cyber criminals. It can go unnoticed for a long time that it's almost a jackpot once successfully installed into an endpoint. Remember the following abilities of a Trojan horse for better security planning: Trojans can work as a Spyware. It'll wait until you use your online accounts or enter your credit card details. Then, it'll send your passwords and other information back to the cyber criminal. Trojans also has the ability to change your codes or your security system. With that, even more malware can get through your security tools without getting noticed. If you're surprised by a huge increase in your phone bill, you might want to check your smartphone too. Endpoints aren't the only targets of Trojans. It can also use smartphones to send expensive SMS messages to premium numbers. A cyber criminal can make money through that. Cyber criminal don't steal accounts or information. They also pester other people using Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. DDoS attacks aim to overload the server with traffic from multiple origins. In order to do that, they'll implant Trojans to endpoint and use it for their own interest. That will put you in great trouble as cyber crimes are detected through IP addresses of the endpoint. Marilyn Monroe typifies the Great American Dream. The image of her skirt billowing in the air in the movie, The Seven Year Itch, remains etched in the minds of movie goers all over the world. Marilyn Monroe is not only an enduring symbol for Hollywood but also a sign that the Great American Dream exists. Her life stands testimony to the fact that if someone is determined enough, nothing can get in the way of success. Born as Norma Jeane Mortenson on June 1, 1926 in Los Angeles General Hospital, her mother, Gladys, listed the father's address as 'unknown'. Due to her mother's mental instability and the fact that she was unmarried at the time, Norma Jeane was placed in the foster home of Albert and Ida Bolender. It was here she lived the first 7 years of her life. Her life has been characterized by the presence of multiple marriages and a string of lovers. The first among these was James Dougherty. She married James when she was sixteen. He was five years older than her. He was over in the war when Marilyn (then Norma Jean) was discovered and offered a modeling career. Jim wanted Marilyn to stay home and take care of the house and have babies but Norma Jean was more interested in modeling. They divorced soon after his return from abroad. On July 23, 1946 she signed a contract with Twentieth Century-Fox Studios. She selected her mother's family name of Monroe. From this point on, she would be known as Marilyn Monroe to all her fans. She had a minor part in the movie "Scudda-Hoo! Scudda-Hay!" and was dismissed as a contract player in August. Rehired in 1948, Marilyn sang her first song in the movie "Ladies of the Chorus". She has been accused of using her talents at seduction to get ahead in the Hollywood rat race. It has been noticed throughout her career that she always has had the right man by her side. Johnny Hyde, of the William Morris Agency, became her mentor and lover in 1949. Also, in 1949, Marilyn agreed to pose nude for a calendar. Her first serious acting job came in 1950 when she had a small but crucial role in "The Asphalt Jungle." This ensured that she had the approval of the critics. "Clash By Night" in 1952 earned her several favorable notices. Monroe's first leading part in a serious feature was to be in "Don't Bother to Knock", also filmed in 1952. In 1952 Marilyn began filming "Niagara" with Joseph Cotton, a film that was to establish her stardom. After her next big film, "Gentlemen Prefer Blondes", she and Jane Russell signed their names and placed their hands and feet in the wet cement in front of the Chinese Theater on Hollywood Boulevard. Once her modeling career turned into a movie career she caught the eye of the famous baseball player, Joe DiMaggio. After a two year courtship they got married. But the personality clash was very apparent, she loved the spotlight but Joe had retired from it. Joe took special offense at her performances for the U.S. troops. Her marriage to Joe DiMaggio lasted for nine months. Fox suspended Marilyn in 1954 for failure to appear on the set of "Pink Tights". The studio had refused to let her look at the script prior to accepting the part. She felt that due to her star status, she should have the right to script approval. Soon after her divorce from DiMaggio, she met and married playwright author Arthur Miller. Monroe captured Hollywood in a nut shell with her quote that "Hollywood is a place where they'll pay you a thousand dollars for a kiss and fifty cents for your soul." On June 29, 1956, Marilyn wed playwright Arthur Miller. While they were married, Arthur wrote the part of Roslyn Taber in 1961's The Misfits for Marilyn. The movie co-starred Clark Gable and Montgomery Clift. Her constant dependence on pills and constant overdoses ensured that her marriage with Miller ended in failure. But the one man that outshines all the other men in the glamor stakes was John F Kennedy. There are rumors that the President of the United States of America was Marilyn Monroe's lover. Unfortunately, in a shocking turn of events on the early morning of August 5, 1962, 36-year-old Marilyn died in her sleep at her Brentwood, California home. Every day since her death, Joe DiMaggio sent a dozen red roses to her grave. And it is also been said that DiMaggio's last words were that he would finally be with Marilyn again. Elton John recorded the song "Candle in the Wind" as a tribute to Marilyn Monroe. In 1999, Marilyn was voted the 'Sexiest Woman of the Century' by People Magazine. Issued on June 1, 1995, Marilyn was featured on a 32-cent US commemorative postage stamp. A new documentary on the London housing crisis, partly based on research by Dr Stuart Hodkinson, is being screened on 5 June at the Ritzy, in Brixton. Uprooted, by award-winning director Ross Domoney, follows the last days of two residents on the Myatts Field North estate in Lambeth as it goes through a regeneration programme. Dr Hodkinson's ESRC project explored residents' experiences of housing regeneration under the controversial Private Finance Initiative and will be talking about the Myatts Field North experience alongside residents. See a trailer here.

Homosexual relationships are banned in Iran, but the country allows sex change operations and hundreds of men have elected for surgery to change their lives. "He wants to kill me. He keeps telling me to come home so he can kill me. He had put rat poison in my tea." For Ali Askar, at age 24, the decision to become a woman came at a heavy cost. His father threatened to kill him if he went ahead with surgery. Islam has a cure for people suffering from this problem. If they want to change their gender, the path is open He could not work with men because they sexually harassed him and made fun of him. But he could not work with women because he was not officially a woman. "I am Iranian. I want to live here and this society tells you: you have to be either a man or a woman". Sex changes have been legal in Iran since Ayatollah Khomeini, the spiritual leader of the 1979 Islamic revolution, passed a fatwa - a religious edict - authorising them for "diagnosed transsexuals" 25 years ago. The government even provides up to half the cost for those needing financial assistance and a sex change is recognised on your birth certificate. "Islam has a cure for people suffering from this problem. If they want to change their gender, the path is open," says Hojatol Islam Muhammad Mehdi Kariminia, the religious cleric responsible for gender reassignment. "The discussion is fundamentally separate from a discussion regarding homosexuals. Absolutely not related. Homosexuals are doing something unnatural and against religion," says Kariminia. "It is clearly stated in our Islamic law that such behaviour is not allowed because it disrupts the social order." I wanted to live like everyone else, like all the other boys and girls walking around. My goal was simply to find my own identity Many of his patients are struggling to figure out what to do because they do not fit into the norm. They see Dr Mir-Jalali as a saviour. "Transsexuals feel that their body doesn't match how they feel," he says. "Whatever you do, psychiatrists, pills, prison, punishment, nothing helps". Another of his patients, Anoosh, 21, was deeply unhappy before surgery and felt pressured to leave school because of his feminine behaviour and appearance. "I wanted to live like everyone else, like all the other boys and girls walking around. My goal was simply to find my own identity." Like many young people in Iran, Anoosh struggled to reconcile his sexual identity with the wishes of family, community and culture. He says he was continuously harassed and threatened with arrest by Iran's morality police before he had his sex change. His boyfriend was also keen for him to go ahead with the sex change because 90% of the people they passed in the street said something nasty. "When he goes out in female clothes and has a female appearance it is easier for me to persuade myself that he is a girl. It makes the relationship better," he says. For Anoosh's younger brother, Ali Reza, it was harder to come to terms with Anoosh's desire to become a woman. "I have had a brother for many years. I can't just suddenly accept him as my sister. If I refer to him as my brother he gets upset. But it's hard for me to believe this". "My child was meant to be the star of the family. I counted on him to be something other than this". If you are a male with female tendencies, they don't see that as something natural or genetic. They see it as someone who is consciously acting dirty Documentary film maker Tanaz Eshaghian spent weeks filming Anoosh, Ali and other transsexuals in Iran. She thinks that part of what is driving many of the boys to operate is the desire to avoid shame. "If you are a male with female tendencies, they don't see that as something natural or genetic. They see it as someone who is consciously acting dirty." Once a doctor has made a diagnosis - and an operation is in the pipeline - the transsexual can get official permission from his local government official to cross-dress in public. "They look for a solution that will at least allow them to be attracted to the gender they are naturally attracted to - without feelings of shame, sin and wrong-doing - and move around in society without harassment. The price is often being disowned by your family," says Tanaz Eshaghian. Ali Askar - now renamed Negar and aged 27 - said that after the sex change operation she was initially depressed. But her family's reaction has taken its toll. Although they warned her she would be disowned, she thought that they would change their mind after the operation. "They pray for me to die soon. If I'd known that my family would truly shun me like this, I would never have done it." She now lives with other transsexuals who have had a sex change. She has had to work as a prostitute to make ends meet. Rejection by her parents has affected her deeply: "When parents can kill the love for their own child inside themselves, I have killed love in my being. I will never fall in love". "A boy will always just get married and leave his mum, but a girl stays, a girl is always yours and will never leave, and now I will never experience the sadness that occurs when a boy leaves. The original film, Be Like Others directed by Tanaz Eshaghian had its premier this month at the Berlin Film Festival. You can see clips at the film's website Shares in British drugs firm Phytopharm have slumped by as much as 22%, as investors feared attacks from animal-rights militants. Canaccord Capital has quit as broker to the firm, after one of its bosses was the target of an incendiary device. Activists want Phytopharm to cut links with Huntingdon Life Sciences (HLS), a prominent target of their campaigns. Research firm HLS moved its headquarters to the US in 2001 after a sometimes violent campaign against its staff and property in the UK. We are concerned it might happen again and we will take as many precautions as we can within the law Phytopharm's Cambridgeshire headquarters were broken into twice last year. The company said it was forced to take out an injunction against activists linked to campaigns against HLS. "We are concerned it might happen again and we will take as many precautions as we can within the law," Phytopharm's chief financial officer Wang Chong told BBC News. The company, which does not operate its own laboratories, said it outsourced all animal experimental work linked to its products. Animal-rights website Bite Back said militants planted an incendiary device under the car of a Canaccord director on 19 May. "Phytopharm get out of HLS or see your share price crash and your supporters' property go up in flames," a message on the website continued. Mr Chong said staff were concerned at the firm's drop in share price, but added that morale at the company remained high.

Gita I. Muni, MS, MT, Executive Vice President at Romeg Therapeutics, has been recognized by Marquis Who’s Who Top Executives for dedication, achievements, and leadership in the pharmaceutical industry. An esteemed figure in the field of pharmaceutics, Ms. Muni has served as cofounder and executive vice president of Romeg Therapeutics since 2015. Romeg Therapeutics strives to fulfill unmet medical needs with pharmaceutical products that are individualized, patient-friendly, and derived from nature. Holding a Master of Science in pharmaceutical sciences from the University of Mumbai in India since 1969, she relocated to the United States and worked as a registered medical technologist in local hospitals. In 1998, she cofounded Cutis Pharma, Inc., serving as its vice president of administration until she resigned and founded Romeg Therapeutics with her husband, Dr. Indu Muni. Ms. Muni conducts research in the laboratory and most recently delved into the realm of liquid solutions that serve as an alternative for elderly patients who have to swallow pills with high dosages. Coined Firvanq, the product has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. She attributes her success to hard work and her determination to contribute something positive to the world. Understanding that she and her husband have cemented their status in the industry, Ms. Muni hopes to begin giving back to her community through volunteer work with the EMARC, a nonprofit organization that seeks to provide services to families of people with developmental disabilities. This image was taken by Front Hazcam: Right B (FHAZ_RIGHT_B) onboard NASA's Mars rover Curiosity on Sol 1241 (2016-02-02 04:52:36 UTC). "If tomorrow, women woke up and decided they really like their bodies, just think how many industries would go out of business." Dr. Gail Dines Today, at my morning workout on the treadmill, I got angry. And appalled, as in "Really? We're still doing this?" I speak of the Victoria's Secret "Fashion Show", otherwise known as "Another opportunity for us to ogle and idealize and fantasize about women's bodies". This is not a fashion show. In fact, it seems that this is the "unfashion show" when you consider how little fashion (i.e. clothes) these women wear. Here's what got me really mad. Gayle King on "CBS This Morning", was actually interviewing the models! Like this is news! I admire Gayle King's work, but, let's face it, she should be enlightened and aware about oppression and objectifying of women. And she should not be a part of the lie that says women strutting around stage deserve a television show, much less an interview. I get that the display will be aired on CBS, so she's gotta talk it up, but really, couldn't she have just said, "I'm gonna sit this one out guys." So, because this week's theme is HOPE, I have written a letter to Gayle. I mean a good old fashioned put-it-in-the-mailbox letter. And because I am all about HOPE this week, I choose to hope that she will respond to me. And I hope that she will say, "You are right. What was I thinking?" ← Day 7: HOPE...The whole Donald Trump thingDay 5: HOPE for people around the world living in poverty → An excellent mixed-use site on the South East corner of West 135th Street and Washington Street, immediately adjacent to the State Line Shopping Center. Other area co-tenants include Big Lots, Michaels, Walmart, Lowes, Target, World Market, Petco, Starbucks, McDonald’s, Applebees and more. This property is at the gateway entrance to Martin City off Stateline Road, across the street from Leawood, KS. Lot Size: 2.4 acres. Contact Richard Hurst for more information. 913-538-5568 February 24, 2018 · by Portraits of M.E. · in Barnes & Noble, Book Shopping, Books, Bookstore, Holidays, Library, Life Events, Valentine's Day. · This post is a little late, but I wanted to share with you the books my husband bought me for Valentine’s Day. He is such a wonderful husband who always makes me feel loved, and this date was no different. He told me a day before that for Valentine’s Day he was giving me a book shopping spree! And later that night I found a box of Junior Mints (one of my favorite candies) on my pillow with a Barnes & Noble gift card attached to the back. It was such a lovely gesture and I couldn’t help but feel warm with love! I’ve often told him that if he wants to see me really happy, all he needs to do is buy me a book and I guess he listened. I am thankful for a husband who listens and who likes to see me happy. Okay, that’s enough gushing about my husband. I’m sure you’re more interested in the books I bought at Barnes & Noble. Before I head there though, let me just say we started the day off at Hill Street Café and fueled up on some good ol’ American breakfast food. It was delicious! And the bonus part of breakfast was that they recently built a library right next door! So after eating a hearty breakfast, we walked next door to check out the new library. I should have taken a picture or two, but I was too in awe of the modern look of this library. Although small, it was beautiful! I’ll have to go back and take a few pictures to share in a future post. Right when we entered we saw a sign above a few bookshelves that read “Sale” or something to that affect, so that was the first place we headed over to. I found two books of interest and Bobby found two as well. Each book was 50 cents and all I had on me was a dollar because I used the other money I had for the tip at breakfast. Being the self-sacrificing wife I am, and knowing I had a shopping spree coming up (wink, wink), I handed over the dollar to Bobby so he could buy the books he found. I did find 3 books to haul and they were: 1.) Deadly Flowers, 2.) A Face Like Glass and 3.) Caraval. Here I found 6 books (the box set includes 2 books)…I wanted so much more books on my shopping spree, but I didn’t want to spend all of my husband’s money. J Because you know we booklovers can buy books, LOL. A boxed set which included To Kill a Mockingbird and Go Set a Watchman by Harper Lee. I’ve never read To Kill a Mockingbird although I’ve seen the original black and white movie. The box set was so nicely priced at $14.98 that I knew I had to get it so I could read it. Knowing I like the movie, I’m sure I’ll like the book, as well as the other title included in the set. I found Ghost Boy by Martin Pistorius on the clearance shelf and thought the story sounded quite interesting. Ghost Boy is about a boy who mysteriously became so ill he was unable to move or communicate to his family. He was aware of his surroundings, but unable to communicate with those he loved. It’s his story about what happened during that time until the time he was able to communicate again. Wandmaker by Ed Masessa was a book I found just browsing the shelves in the Children’s section of the bookstore. I think it was misplaced because it was the only copy and it wasn’t in the author alphabetical order on the shelf. This one is a cute tale about a boy who finds out that his family’s descendants were wandmakers and as he discovers this gift, he accidentally transforms his sister with a spell. I bought this book because it just sounded fun and lighthearted. Sometimes you need a delightful children’s book to get you through a tough grown-up adult day! The next book I purchased was Wayfarer by Alexandra Bracken. I knew this book was part of a series, but when I was at B&N, I couldn’t remember if this was the first book or not and the book didn’t clearly say. I ended up buying it anyway and when I got home, I discovered it was the second book in the series. Oh well, guess I’ll just have to buy the first book so I can read this book. Buying books out of sequence is one reason I really do not like reading books that are part of a series. Maybe I’ll write more about this book peeve in a future post. And the final book I purchased was Seeker by Arwen Elys Dayton. I don’t know much about this book but when I read the synopsis on the back, it drew me in. The only part that kind of made me question whether or not I wanted to read the book was the part about the main character and the mention of her love interest who happens to be her best friend. I’m not much for YA romantic relationships. If it’s minimal in the overall story arc, then I think I’ll enjoy this book. And again, after purchasing it I noticed this is book one in a series…I don’t know how many books are in the series, but at least this time I purchased the first one. 😉 Overall it was a very good day and date. I’m happy with the books I purchased and I can’t wait to read them. Like all my other hauls, these books will probably not be read this year since I already have this year allocated with the books I plan on reading. Yet, you never really know how many books you can read in a year because sometimes you have those months where you breeze through books with no effort, like breathing air. If that’s the case, I might get to these books sooner than I anticipate. Let me know if any of these books are favorites of yours and if I should bump them up on my reading list. I would love to hear what you think. Until my next post, may you find some time today to set aside with that one delightful friend, we booklovers know as, a good book. Tags: Barnes & Noble, book buying, book clearance, book gifts, book haul, Book Shopping, books, Bookstore, Library Haul, New Books, Reading, Valentine's Day

Gerontologist, lecturer in social research, and director of the Institute for Human Adjustment at the University of Michigan. Professional files, especially concerning the Institute, the University Board on University Policies, the Bureau of Psychological Services, and the University Fresh Air Camp; also photographs. The collection came to the library in two principal accessions. The first came from the U-M division of Gerontology (donor no. 3368), at that time part of the Institute for Human Adjustment, in 1958. The second accession was transferred over from the University of Michigan Institute of Gerontology (donor no. 6160) in 1984. Clark Tibbitts (1903-1985) a moving force in the establishment of the discipline of gerontology, began his career at the University of Michigan, and retained contact with it long after he left to work with the federal government. He earned a B.S. degree at the Lewis Institute in 1924, and pursued postgraduate work at the University of Chicago. Tibbitts first joined the University of Michigan faculty in the Department of Sociology, teaching courses in social statistics. In 1935, Tibbitts became a regional director of the United States Health Survey, but returned to the University in 1938 for a joint appointment as director of the newly-established Institute for Human Adjustment (IHA) and lecturer in sociology. In 1948, Tibbitts planned the first public conference on aging, held at the University of Michigan. Soon after, Tibbitts left the University to work with the first of a series of federal committees which sought to coordinate governmental and national activities in the area of gerontology. It was in his capacity as chairman of the Committee on Aging that Tibbitts directed the first National Conference on Aging in 1950, sponsored by the Federal Security Agency. The committee gained departmental status with Tibbitts as deputy director of the Office of Aging, 1960-1966. He subsequently served as director of training for the Administration of Aging, 1966-1974, director of the National Clearinghouse on Aging, 1974-1976, and as special assistant to the Commissioner on Aging (1976-19?). In addition to these administrative positions, Tibbitts remained active as a professional sociologist. He continued to teach, and published several articles and textbooks on gerontology. His professional affiliations included the American Sociological Society, American Statistical Association, Gerontological Society, Inc., Michigan Sociological Society, and the Society for Social Research. In 1957, Tibbitts was awarded an honorary Sc. D. degree from the Institutum Divi Thomae. The Clark Tibbitts Papers, 1926-1969, are arranged into four principal series corresponding to the major activities of Tibbitts's career in the fields of sociology and gerontology. There are also eight smaller series (plus an addition to a series) received subsequent to the accessioning of the bulk of the papers. The Advisory Board On University Policies series, covering the period 1941-1944, is composed of the extensive minutes and reports generated during Tibbitts tenure as secretary. The five-member board was established in 1940 to investigate and report on any issues influencing "the functioning, the efficiency, and the objectives," of the University. The Studies/Reports subseries includes correspondence, memoranda, data tables, and position statements resulting from board investigations. Topics covered include faculty ranking and related issues of income, promotion, and tenure in the Colleges of Engineering and Literature, Science, and the Arts; Extramural Services, including correspondence and extension service courses, with particular concern for demobilized servicemen after World War II; International Exchange of students and faculty, including reports on programs, sources of funding, and the International Center; Services to Veterans documents planning for the reintegration of veterans into University life. The Institute for Human Adjustment (IHA), whose records form the bulk of this collection, was an independent agency established in 1937 under the auspices of the University of Michigan by a gift of Mary Rackham and the Rackham Fund. Its dual purpose was to provide service and to extend educational opportunities beyond the classroom via practicums and research in the discipline of psychology. The Institute for Human Adjustment (IHA) series covers the period 1938-1955; Tibbitts was director of the Institute from 1938 to 1948. IHA was composed of several functional divisions, the most significant of which are represented by the following subseries: Administration, Bureau of Psychological Services, Fresh Air Camp, Social Science Research Project-Flint, Visible Speech Project, Speech Clinic, and Speech Clinic--Veterans Administration. The papers document divisional activities in treatment, research, and education, focusing on areas of childhood and adolescent problems, personal counseling, vocational guidance, and rehabilitation of the handicapped. Materials found in each of these subseries include minutes, annual reports, correspondence and memoranda, financial statements and budgetary information, project proposals and reports, grant requests, publicity, and brochures. The Administration subseries, 1938-1955, includes correspondence, memoranda, and reports. Policies for all the divisions are discussed in the Executive Committee materials as well as the Manual of Administrative Procedures and Policy: Admission of Patients files. While topical areas of concern are more fully documented in other series, the following files are significant: regarding the provision of vocational guidance to area schools: see "Services to Schools - Report to Provost" and vocational guidance to veterans, see "Research - Reports, 1946-1947"; regarding research and services for the handicapped, see "Conference (Counseling the Adult Blind), 1947," "Proposal for a Demonstration in Psychological Evaluation of the Handicapped, 1948," and "Proposal for Establishment of a Rehabilitation Training Program, 1948." Counseling and testing services are referred to in all files. The Bureau of Psychological Services (Psychological Clinic), established in 1938, offered counseling and individual and group evaluation testing services, both within the Clinic and in area schools or institutions. Correspondence and reports summarizing service activities predominate in the Bureau of Psychological Services, 1938-1955, subseries. Vocational and psychological counseling services are discussed in "Administrative, 1945-1950," "Counseling Division, 1947-1954," and "Psychological Clinic - Memoranda" files. The Conference files contain only outlines of proceedings. The "Monthly Reports, 1939-1947," of the Psychological Clinic are incomplete, but provide statistics on patients and treatment primarily 1945-1947. The Testing Division files contain correspondence and reports relating to the administration of standardized tests, often at other universities. The Fresh Air Camp joined IHA in 1946 after twenty-five years of independent operation. This summer camp, staffed by specially trained counselors and researchers, was established to serve inner-city boys with adjustment problems who were referred by social agencies. Although the Administration and Advisory Committee files in the Fresh Air Camp, 1938-1955, subseries includes information from 1938 to 1939, most of the correspondence, reports, and brochures included in this series date from 1945-1955, when the camp was officially a University program. The dual purpose of the camp, to provide service to the boys and the staff, is evident in materials concerning camp activities, staff selection and training, and camp governance. The Division of Gerontology was established by the Regents in 1951. In 1965, this core unit was expanded by state legislative action establishing the Institute of Gerontology as a joint venture of the University of Michigan and Wayne State University. The three files in the Division of Gerontology, 1957-1968, subseries contain survey forms, data, and reports of specific projects undertaken by the Division. More complete records of the Division's activities will be found in the Institute of Gerontology Collection. The Rackham Funds, 1938-1940, subseries contains a variety of information. The Rackham Report was generated in 1940 to summarize the positive influence the Rackham endowment had upon research at the University. The departmental reports, here in their approved draft form, summarize research and publication efforts of the mid-to-late 1930s. Specific research objectives for a limited number of projects are to be found in "Research Grant Applications." The following researchers are represented by these applications: Elizabeth Crosby, project no. 41; Howard B. Lewis, projects no. 42 and no. 78; H.M. Pollard and Lila Miller, project no. 64; and Samuel A. Graham, project no. 82. Founded in 1938, the Social Science Research Project operated in Flint, initially offering vocational guidance to young people. In 1946, the program expanded and its focus shifted to the study of public policy. The files within the Social Science Research Project - Flint, 1946-1949, subseries document the expansion of this unit in 1946. The project funded research fellowships, supervised by faculty of the Metropolitan Community Seminar and a resident director to investigate issues of public policy. The Administration file documents this expansion. The Flint Advisory Committee correspondence indicates the extent of community involvement. "Research Projects" files contain final reports, correspondence on project definition and progress, and survey instruments and data. Topics of research included are vocational guidance, housing conditions, retail employment conditions, and welfare agencies. These syllabi, reading lists, and course outlines within the Sociology, 1932-1945, subseries reflect the mutual relationship between IHA and the Department of Sociology. The efforts to establish a Master's Degree program in sociology are documented in correspondence and meeting summaries. The Visible Speech Project, 1943-1949, subseries documents a joint effort of the IHA Speech Clinic and the Rackham Graduate School to effect speech rehabilitation for those with hearing impairment. Experiments in sound translation and speech training methods were conducted in the Clinic, often in conjunction with a dissertation. "Correspondence" files indicate the establishment and progress of the project. A photograph of the equipment is included. "Reports" include experimental data and progress reports and indicate the scope of the project. The Speech Clinic, which had opened in 1937, provided diagnostic surveys and treatment to individuals suffering from speech deviations, handicaps, or hearing loss. Budget information and brochures within the Speech Clinic, 1938-1950, subseries provide information on the early years of the Clinic. Correspondence with Ollie Backus, the Clinic Manager, and Harlan Bloomer, a staff member, includes administrative detail both routine and substantive. Contracts with the Veterans Administration within the Speech Clinic - Veterans Administration, 1938-1948, subseries resulted in accounting and reporting detail not found elsewhere, particularly regarding numbers of patients and treatment received. "Contracts," "Cost of Services," "Reports," and "Statistics" are file headings to use for this information. "Memoranda" includes extensive statements of program and project objectives. The Office of Aging series (1944-1968) focuses on the period 1949-1959 when Tibbitts directed the efforts of its antecedent committees within the Federal Security Administration. The origins and purposes of the Office are better documented here than are its activities, with the exception of its involvement with the Senior Citizens Act of 1961. Tibbitts's professional activities, both in publishing and teaching, are indicated here. The Correspondence and Memoranda, 1944-1966, subseries traces the progression of the Office of Aging's antecedent committees. Established as an advisory committee, its expansion into program coordination, education, and lobbying agent through the period 19491961 forms the bulk of the material. Testimony and a draft of the Senior Citizen's Act of 1961 are included. The Publishing Activity, 1956-1963, subseries is arranged alphabetically by title of work, contain correspondence regarding Tibbitts's efforts, and occasional manuscripts. Aging in the Modern World includes the published product. The Teaching Activity, 1953-1968, subseries includes syllabi and correspondence regarding Tibbitts' teaching activities while in Washington, D.C. The university courses were on gerontology whereas the seminar focused on retirement planning. The series, Papers, Speeches, And Reprints, spans Tibbitts's entire career from 1926 to the early 1980s. Files include talks, presentations, and articles which reflect his research interests. Arranged chronologically, the earlier years did include topical files which have been maintained. The items after 1949 reflect Tibbitts' involvement with the various issues surrounding gerontology, including health, retirement planning, and public policy. Clark Tibbitts and unidentified group: "White House Conference on Aging, Inducting Req. Refs. & T.D.'s," July 1959 (Materials filed alphabetically by institution where presentation first given; Tibbitts often revised earlier files for use at later date at different institution) .As well as, kids can make stronger their intelligence because it will probably put the music into the sport and let them feel the rhythm and the beat all over the process of playing. .The baby within the play, exercise hand-eye coordination, motor coordination, puzzle, wealthy imagination and emotions Glockenspiel (Baby Xylophone), from Jack & Jill Music a Beautiful Toddler Instrument, perfect for any age, made of Wood with a bright pleasing tone and comes with a luxurious velvet storage pouch

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On most vehicles, this is done by pressing a starter button or twisting an ignition … Basic Operation and Troubleshooting of the EZ 117K [Don Willson]. This discussion is based on my 3 cars all of which have the EZ-117K Jetronic Ignition which is for the 4 cylinder engine, with distributor on the rear of the cam shaft, the timing signal is from the Hall effect sensor within the distributor or an RPM sensor on the flywheel, air is … Getty Images. Drug Abuse Resistance Education (D. ) was established to teach school kids to avoid drugs, gangs, and violence. Peter Port is an attractive town in itself, if a little spoiled by English 'holidaymakers'. The harbour is almost always full in the summer, although people visitors will be squeezed in somewhere - but you will probably find yourself in the middle of quite a large raft. It is also a very useful jumping off point for the French coast and Brittany. The most important part of your passage plan must be the state of tide on arrival. Currents flow very strongly, and getting it wrong may cost you hours. It is certainly possible to go from the Needles or Poole in one hop, but it will take you three tides - that is, eighteen hours. Leave at high water, and take the ebb out past the Needles. Aim to go down the Race - i.e., between Alderney and Cap de la Hague. You will encounter the flood tide mid Channel, and with reasonable boat speed (5 knots+) should arrive off Cap de la Hague at high water. Then take the ebb down to Guernsey. From the north, there are two channels, the Little Russel and Big Russel. Both are well marked. The Little Russel takes you straight there; if you use the Big Russel, you have to go round the south of Jerthou. There are leadings lights for the Little Russel. If you use the Little Russell, beware of cross curents near the top. If you use the Big Russel, you need to go past Herm and Jerthou. There is a S Cardinal mark below the islands, but you can turn towards PeterPort before this. Coming from the west, you will see Les Hanois light. You can go either side of the island - the most important consideration is again the tide. The breakwater at the harbour entrance has a very obvious lighthouse, but beware of cross currents which may set you off course. Use your GPS or pick a transit to avoid being offset. Having dodged the rocks (although the area is well marked), beware the ferries and commercial traffic using the harbour. The High Speed catamarans appear to come from nowhere if you are not looking behind you. The outer harbour is full of moorings. Small red and green bouys guide you to the waiting pontoon for the inner harbour, or to the pontoons outside. This is the view looking towards the harbour entrance. In the background is the Little Russell channel and the islands of Herm and Jethou. Beware the Condor ferries which occupy a large part of the entrance when they arrive or depart. The first red buoy of the approach channel can be seen on the right-hand side of the picture. This is a view of the outer harbour. On the far left is the entrance to the inner harbour, in the middle distance is the jetty out the outer pontoons. The brightly coloured pontoon closer to the camera is the waiting pontoon, and this is strictly reserved for boats wishing to go into the inner harbour. Departing boats are not allowed to use this pontoon. On the right-hand side are the local moorings and the Condor ferry. this is a low water view of the cill which closes off the inner harbour. The white building to the left of the entrance is the harbour office, and the red/green light which allows you in can be seen next to the office. The pontoons in the outer harbour have water but no electricity; and are now connected to the land by a walkway, so that you no longer need to have a dinghy to get ashore. The inner harbour is tidal, and has a cill. There are lights to show when there is sufficient water, plus a tide gauge. In high season there will be harbourmaster dories to regulate traffic in and out, and they will often guide you to a berth. The inner harbour has all the facilities, but can be noisy and a sun trap. Rafting is de rigeur in either. There are, however, some finger pontoons for smaller boats (up to about 35') in the inner harbour. Water on all pontoons, electricity in the inner harbour. Good ablutions. Plenty of chandlers. Fuel in the outer harbour, but you need to choose your moment, since there are often several boats milling around the fuel berth at any one time. in addition, the fuel berth can only be accessed from half tide onwards. Good shopping ashore. Despite the islands to the east, the harbour is very uncomfortable in a strong easterly blow. Indeed, even in strong westerlies, the harbour is uncomfortable. The inner harbour is, of course, calm when the water is below the cill, but not at high water. The various ferries add to the wash in the harbour. Victoria Marina: these are the pontoon moorings which you find on the starboard side as you come through the entrance.

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We show evidence that the red giant star xi Hya has an oscillation modelifetime, tau , of about 2 days significantly shorter than predicted bytheory (tau =17 days, \citealt{HoudekGough02}). If this is a generaltrend of red giants it would limit the prospects of asteroseismology onthese stars because of poor coherence of the oscillations. We review recent progress in observations of ground-based oscillations.Excellent observations now exist for a few stars (alpha Cen A{} and B,mu Ara), while there is some controversy over others (Procyon, etaBoo). We have reached the stage where single-site observations are oflimited value and where careful planning is needed to ensure the futureof asteroseismology. We present here the detection and characterization of solar-likeoscillations in several targets such as beta Vir, eta Boo, delta Eri,chi Eri and the Am star HD 209625 obtained with the CORALIE and HARPSspectrographs based at the ESO La Silla Observatory. The measurement ofthe frequencies of p-mode oscillations provides an insight into theinternal structure and is nowadays the most powerful constraint on thetheory of stellar evolution. Since the success of helioseismology, numerous efforts have been made todetect solar-like oscillations on other stars. Thanks to newspectrographs developed for extra-solar planet searches, the accuracyneeded to detect such oscillations has recently been achieved. In thispaper, we present new asteroseismic measurements obtained with theCORALIE and HARPS spectrographs as well as new theoretical analysesbased on these observations. In particular, we focus on the effects ofrotation on the modelling of solar-type stars and on its influence onthe determination of fundamental stellar parameters. We present the first results of a new abundance survey of the Milky Waybulge based on Keck HIRES spectra of 27 K giants in the Baade's Window(l=1deg, b=-4deg) field. The spectral data used inthis study are of much higher resolution and signal-to-noise ratio thanprevious optical studies of Galactic bulge stars. The [Fe/H] values ofour stars, which range between -1.29 and +0.51, were used to recalibratelarge low-resolution surveys of bulge stars. Our best value for the mean[Fe/H] of the bulge is -0.10+/-0.04. This mean value is similar to themean metallicity of the local disk and indicates that there cannot be astrong metallicity gradient inside the solar circle. The metallicitydistribution of stars confirms that the bulge does not suffer from theso-called G dwarf problem. This paper also details the new abundancetechniques necessary to analyze very metal-rich K giants, including anew Fe line list and regions of low blanketing for continuumidentification.Based on data obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operatedas a scientific partnership among the California Institute ofTechnology, the University of California, and NASA and was made possibleby the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. This paper presents the modeling of the F9 V star βVirginis based on seismological measurements. Using the Genevaevolution code including rotation and atomic diffusion, we find that twodistinct solutions reproduce all existing asteroseismic andnon-asteroseismic observational constraints well: a main-sequence modelwith a mass of 1.28 ± 0.03~Mȯ and an age t=3.24± 0.20 Gyr, or a model in the post-main sequence phase ofevolution with a lower mass of 1.21 ± 0.02~Mȯ andan age t=4.01 ± 0.30 Gyr. The small spacings δν02 and the ratio r02 between small and largespacings are sensitive to the differences in the structure of thecentral layers between these two solutions and are also sensitive to thestructural changes due to the rotational mixing. They can therefore beused to unambiguously determine the evolutionary state ofβ Vir and to study the effects of rotation onthe inner structure of the star. Unfortunately, existing asteroseismicdata do not enable such precise determination. We also show that thescatter in frequencies introduced by the rotational splittings canaccount for the larger dispersion of the observed large spacings for thenon-radial modes than for the radial modes. We introduce a new method to measure frequency separations and modelifetimes of stochastically excited and damped oscillations, so-calledsolar-like oscillations. Our method shows that velocity data of the redgiant star ξ Hya (Frandsen et al. 2002) support a large frequencyseparation between modes of roughly 7~μHz. We also conclude that thedata are consistent with a mode lifetime of 2 days, which is so shortrelative to its pulsation period that none of the observed frequenciesare unambiguous. Hence, we argue that the maximum asteroseismic outputthat can be obtained from these data is an average large frequencyseparation, the oscillation amplitude and the average mode lifetime.However, the significant discrepancy between the theoreticalcalculations of the mode lifetime (Houdek & Gough 2002) and ourresult based on the observations of ξ Hya, implies that red giantstars can help us better understand the damping and driving mechanismsof solar-like p-modes by convection. We analyse visual observations of the pulsations of the red giantvariable L2 Puppis (L2 Pup). The data cover 77 yrbetween 1927 and 2005, thus providing an extensive empirical base forcharacterizing properties of the oscillations. The power spectrum of thelight curve shows a single mode resolved into multiple peaks under anarrow envelope. We argue that this results from stochastic excitation,as seen in solar oscillations, with a mode lifetime of about 5 yr. Therandom fluctuations in phase also support this idea. A comparison with XCam, a true Mira star with the same pulsation period, and W Cyg, a truesemiregular star, illustrates the basic differences in phase behaviours.The Mira shows very stable phase, consistent with excitation by theκ-mechanism, whereas W Cyg shows large phase fluctuations thatimply stochastic excitation. We find L2 Pup to beintermediate, implying that both mechanisms play a role in itspulsation. Finally, we also checked the presence of low-dimensionalchaos and could safely exclude it. The systematic patterns of separations between frequencies of modes ofdifferent degree and order are a characteristic of p-mode oscillationsof stars. The frequency separations depend on the internal structure ofthe star and so measuring them in the observed oscillation spectra ofvariable stars gives valuable diagnostics of the interior of a star.Roxburgh & Vorontsov proposed using the ratio of the so-called smallfrequency separation to the large frequency separation as a diagnosticof the stellar interior, and demonstrated that this ratio was lesssensitive than the individual frequency separations themselves touncertain details of the near-surface structure. Here we derive kernelsrelating the frequency separation ratio to structure, and show why theratio is relatively insensitive to the near-surface structure in termsof the very small amplitude of the kernels in the near-surface layers.We also investigate the behaviour of the separation ratio for stars ofdifferent masses and ages, and demonstrate the usefulness of the ratioin the so-called asteroseismic Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. The amplitude of solar-like oscillations results from a balance betweenexcitation and damping. As in the sun, the excitation is attributed toturbulent motions that stochastically excite the p modes in theupper-most part of the convective zone. We present here a model for theexcitation mechanism. Comparisons between modeled amplitudes and helioand stellar seismic constraints are presented and the discrepanciesdiscussed. Finally the possibility and the interest of detecting suchstochastically excited modes in pre-main sequence stars are alsodiscussed. Using VLTI/VINCI angular diameter measurements, we constrain theevolutionary status of three asteroseismic targets: the stars δEri, ξ Hya, η Boo. Our predictions of the mean large frequencyspacing of these stars are in agreement with published observationalestimations. Looking without success for a companion of δ Eri, wedoubt its classification as an RS CVn star. The ESO Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) is one of the leadinginterferometric facilities. It is equipped with several 8.2 and 1.8 mtelescopes, a large number of baselines up to 200 m, and with severalsubsystems designed to enable high quality measurements and to improvesignificantly the limits of sensitivities currently available tolong-baseline interferometry. The full scientific potential of the VLTIcan be exploited only if a consistent set of good quality calibrators isavailable. For this, a large number of observations of potentialcalibrators have been obtained during the commissioning phase of theVLTI. These data are publicly available. We briefly describe theinterferometer, the VINCI instrument used for the observations, the dataflow from acquisition to processed results, and we present and commenton the volume of observations gathered and scrutinized. The result is alist of 191 calibrator candidates, for which a total of 12 066observations can be deemed of satisfactory quality. We present a generalstatistical analysis of this sample, using as a starting point theangular diameters previously available in the literature. We derive thegeneral characteristics of the VLTI transfer function, and its trendwith time in the period 2001 through mid-2004. A second paper will bedevoted to a detailed investigation of a selected sample, aimed atestablishing a VLTI-based homogeneous system of calibrators. In July, 1999, the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) pointed for more than 8days continuously at the globular cluster 47 Tucanae. Two guide starswere used during this campaign by the Fine Guidance Sensors (FGS). Usingmore than 19 million photometric FGS data for the guide star GSC09137-03505 we found brightness variability corresponding to threeapproximately equidistant frequencies. The detected frequencies rangefrom 21 to 71 μHz with amplitudes between 341 and 291 ppm. MulticolorCCD photometry was obtained at the Cerro Tololo Inter-AmericanObservatory to derive color information for the guide stars. Inaddition, flux calibrated spectra were observed at the South AfricanAstronomical Observatory. Temperature and surface gravity weredetermined from a comparison of observed and synthetic spectral fluxesusing the nemo (Vienna New Model Grid of Stellar Atmospheres) modelatmosphere grid developed by Heiter et al. (2002, A&A, 392, 619) andNendwich et al. (2004, CoAst, 144, 43). We also performed linearnonadiabatic analyses of various stellar models in an attempt tointerprete the frequencies. This paper presents the H band near-infrared (NIR) spectral library of135 solar type stars covering spectral types O5-M3 and luminosityclasses I-V as per MK classification. The observations were carried outwith 1.2 meter Gurushikhar Infrared Telescope (GIRT), at Mt. Abu, Indiausing a NICMOS3 HgCdTe 256 x 256 NIR array based spectrometer. Thespectra have a moderate resolution of 1000 (about 16 A) at the H bandand have been continuum shape corrected to their respective effectivetemperatures. This library and the remaining ones in J and K bands oncereleased will serve as an important database for stellar populationsynthesis and other applications in conjunction with the newly formedlarge optical coude feed stellar spectral library of Valdes et al.(2004). The complete H-Band library is available online at: http://vo.iucaa.ernet.in/~voi/NIR_Header.html As a part of an on-going program to explore the signature of p-modes insolar-like stars by means of high-resolution absorption linespectroscopy, we have studied four stars (α CMi, η Cas A,ζ Her A and β Vir). We present here new results from two-siteobservations of Procyon A acquired over twelve nights in 1999.Oscillation frequencies for l=1 and 0 (or 2) p-modes are detected in thepower spectra of these Doppler shift measurements. A frequency analysispoints out the difficulties of the classical asymptotic theory inrepresenting the p-mode spectrum of Procyon A.Based on observations obtained at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence(CNRS, France) and at the Whipple Observatory (Arizona, USA). The five-minute oscillations in the Sun have provided a wealth ofinformation about the solar interior. After many attempts, positivedetections of similar oscillations in solar-type stars have now beenmade. This review discusses the properties of solar-like oscillations,the methods used to observe them, and the results on individual stars.We conclude that the study of solar-like oscillations from the groundand space has an exciting future. The low scintillation noise expected for night time observations at theConcordia station leads to the expectation of scintillation-limitedphotometric noise as much as 10 times lower than can be obtained fromany other site in the world. This is of particular interest for brighthigh frequency pulsators - solar-like pulsators, roAp stars - wherethe noise is scintillation limited. For pulsating white dwarfs stars,sub-dwarf B pulsators, and many other stars of intense asteroseismicinterest, photometric noise will also be less than for other observingsites. A single 2-m photometric telescope at Concordia will be able toproduce higher precision asteroseismic data sets than the best yetobtained by the Whole Earth Telescope (WET) - data obtained by the vasteffort of dozens of astronomers observing at sites all over the world.In just a few years of observations, the cost of such a telescope willbe less than the cost of running WET for the same length of time. The35-cm test telescope will immediately be capable of producingphotometric data sets superior to any obtained heretofore on brightstars such as the roAp stars and solar-like oscillators. Examples usingdata on the roAp stars HR 3831 from one and two sites, and on the roApstar HR 1217 using WET indicate that the level of the highest noisepeaks in the amplitude spectra of light curves obtained with the 35-cmtest telescope should be as low as 6 mu mag for a three-week run on abright roAp star. With a 2-m telescope could come down to 1 mu mag forthe brightest stars. We show for the first time, for any star other than the Sun, thevertical resolution of pulsation modes into standing waves in theatmosphere and running waves in the magnetoacoustic reflective boundarylayer of the upper atmosphere. This has only become possible with thenovel use of the Very Large Telescope (VLT) on a bright, exceedinglypeculiar magnetic star, HD 166473. These are the first observations thatmay directly test recent theoretical developments for magnetoacousticstellar pulsation modes in rapidly oscillating Ap stars. We complete construction of a catalog containing improved astrometry andnew optical/infrared photometry for the vast majority of NLTT starslying in the overlap of regions covered by POSS I and by the secondincremental Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) release, approximately 44%of the sky. The epoch 2000 positions are typically accurate to 130 mas,the proper motions to 5.5 mas yr-1, and the V-J colors to0.25 mag. Relative proper motions of binary components are measured to 3mas yr-1. The false-identification rate is ~1% for11<~V<~18 and substantially less at brighter magnitudes. Theseimprovements permit the construction of a reduced proper-motion diagramthat, for the first time, allows one to classify NLTT stars intomain-sequence (MS) stars, subdwarfs (SDs), and white dwarfs (WDs). We inturn use this diagram to analyze the properties of both our catalog andthe NLTT catalog on which it is based. In sharp contrast to popularbelief, we find that NLTT incompleteness in the plane is almostcompletely concentrated in MS stars, and that SDs and WDs are detectedalmost uniformly over the sky δ>-33deg. Our catalogwill therefore provide a powerful tool to probe these populationsstatistically, as well as to reliably identify individual SDs and WDs. Two sets of archive time series observations of an old open cluster NGC6791 were reanalyzed using an image subtraction technique. We reportidentification of four new variable stars. Proper motion data areavailable for three of them and indicate that they are likely clustermembers. Photometry of these stars is discussed along with the data fortwo earlier identified variables. The sample analyzed includes oneyellow and three red stragglers. An eclipsing red straggler V9 is ofparticular interest. Cluster membership of this RS Cvn type binary wouldimply that its cooler component is in a stage of thermal inequilibrium.One of variables is a K type red giant showing low-amplitude variabilitywith a period of about 0.33d. Amplitudes of stochastically excited oscillations of models of ξHydrae (HR4450) are presented. The theoretical results are compared withthe recent measurements by an international group of astronomersannounced in the ESO press release 10/02. Using a stochastic excitationmodel we find fair agreement between estimated velocity amplitudes andthe values quoted in the ESO press release. Thirteen red clump stars from Baade's window were observed with highresolution in the red part of the optical spectrum with the UVES echellespectrograph at the Mount Paranal ESO Observatory. The model atmosphereabundance analysis placed their [Fe/H] values in a range from 0.0 to-1.52 dex. Present results, based on direct measurements of ironabundance, confirm former suggestions that the I-band brightness of thered clump giants only weakly depends on [Fe/H]. The determined values of[Fe/H] may contain a slight systematic error connected with still nowunexplained difference in colors between stars in the Galactic bulge andin the solar vicinity. We report the firm discovery of solar-like oscillations in a giant star.We monitored the star xi Hya (G7III) continuously during one month withthe CORALIE spectrograph attached to the 1.2 m Swiss Euler telescope.The 433 high-precision radial-velocity measurements clearly revealmultiple oscillation frequencies in the range 50-130 muHz, correspondingto periods between 2.0 and 5.5 hours. The amplitudes of the strongestmodes are slightly smaller than 2 ms. Current model calculations arecompatible with the detected modes. Based on observations obtained withthe CORALIE spectrograph on the 1.2-m Swiss Euler telescope at La Silla,Chile.

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One of the greatest architects of the late 19th century, the Belgian designer Victor Horta is best known for his Art Nouveau designwork, and ranks alongside Paul Hankar (1859-1901) and Henry van de Velde (1863-1957) as a pioneer of modern architecture in Belgium. His design for the Hotel Tassel in Brussels (1893-4), for instance, is seen by art critics as the first example of Art Nouveau being introduced into architecture from the decorative arts. As it was, the Tassel House became a manifesto for Art Nouveau - sometimes called Style des Vingt, in Belgium, after Les Vingt - and an iconic example of modern art, thanks to the use of revolutionary artistic, technological, and compositional elements. The use of iron, for instance, as a material for both construction and decoration, as part of an architectural program based on the open plan and the three-dimensional articulation of space, is Horta's unique contribution to the development of late 19th century architecture. Other important Brussels buildings designed by Horta include: the Hotel Winssingers (1895-6); the interior of the Hotel van Eetvelde (1895-8); La Maison du Peuple (1896-1898); Hotel Solvay (1895-1900); Dubois House (1901); the shop known as Magasins Waucquez (1903); Palais des Beaux-Arts (1928) and the Central Railway Station (1937). The French architect Hector Guimard (1867-1942) - noted for his Art Nouveau entrances to the Paris Metro (1898-1905) - was strongly influenced by Horta and promoted the "whiplash" style throughout Europe. After a stay in the United States (1916-19), Horta fell back on a more traditional and severe style which borrowed from classical Greek architecture. Born in Ghent, Horta attended the Department of Architecture at the Ghent Royal Academy of Fine Arts. In 1878, he went to Paris and worked for the architect Jules Debuysson in Montmartre, where he absorbed the fashionable styles of Impressionism and Pointillism, and was introduced to the architectural potential of materials like iron and glass. In 1880, following the death of his father, he returned to Belgium, where he enrolled at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Brussels. An excellent student, Horta joined the studio of his professor, Alphonse Balat (1819-95) official architect to King Leopold II. Together with Balat, Horta designed the Royal Greenhouses at Laeken, allocating an important design role for glass and iron. In 1884, his design for the Belgian parliament won the Prix Godecharle for Architectural Design; in the same year, on graduation from the Academy, he was awarded the Grand Prix for Architecture. Horta debuted in 1885 with a series of small houses that immediately displayed his talents. He also joined the Central Society of Belgian Architecture, and over the next few years entered numerous competitions for public commissions, winning several prizes. From the outset, his design approach was marked by a focus on lines and curves. In 1888, he joined the Freemasons, and networked actively, which later (from 1893) led to a regular supply of commissions for houses, shops and other commercial structures. In 1892 he joined the Faculty of Architecture at the Universite Libre de Bruxelles, and in 1893 was promoted to Professor of Architecture - a position he held until 1911. The turning point for Horta came in 1892, when he attended his first Art Nouveau exhibition. Inspired, he designed the first Art Nouveau-style building - the Hotel Tassel (1893-4) - employing a revolutionary open-plan floor layout, as well as a combination of structural features in iron and curvilinear botanical forms, later described as "biomorphic whiplash". Elaborate serpentine ornamentations in metal and glass were hidden behind a stone facade that merged happily with the more conventional houses alongside. The same elaborate iron interiors were to reappear in numerous other designs by Horta, including his own house (1898-1902) - now the Horta Museum, Brussels. In this building, glass, wood and iron flow seamlessly around the glass roof above the main stairway. Curvilinear tendrils flow along columns and balustrades, complemented by delicate wall decorations and floor mosaics. In several of his buildings (such as the Hotel Tassel), Horta also introduced elements of Gothic architecture as well as Rococo decorations. Elected President of the Central Society of Belgian Architecture (1894-5), Horta spent the late 1890s designing and building the House of the People (Maison du Peuple), the headquarters of the progressive Belgian Workers' Party. The first building in Belgium to have a predominantly iron and glass facade, it housed a large complex of offices, meeting rooms, conference and concert hall with seating for an audience of 2,000 people. Its demolition in 1965 triggered a major scandal and a protest by more than 700 architects around the world. With the arrival of 20th century architecture, and after almost a decade of designing buildings and interiors in the Art Nouveau idiom, Horta turned gradually to simpler, less flamboyant style, and began to introduce motifs from Greek and Roman architecture, as exemplified by the marble columns which appeared in his extension to the Hotel van Eetvelde (1901). In 1906, he was awarded the commission for the new Brugmann University Hospital. Work began on Horta's unusual layout (low-rise pavilions spread over an 18-hectare campus) in 1911, although the onset of war delayed its opening until 1923. Another of Horta's delayed projects was the Tournai Museum of Fine Arts (1907-28), whose design incorporated an increasing number of classical elements borrowed from antiquity. In the immediate pre-war years (1910-13) Horta also began designing the Brussels-Central railway station - part of a much larger urban redevelopment program in the Belgian capital. However, due to the war, as well as numerous planning and building clearance problems, construction did not start until the late 1930s. In 1912 he became director of the Royal Academy of Arts in Brussels, a position he held until 1915. In February 1915 Horta travelled to London, where he attended an urban planning conference on the Reconstruction of Belgium, hosted by the International Garden Cities and Town Planning Association. Later in 1915, he went to the United States, where he lectured on modern architecture at MIT, as well as Cornell, Harvard and Yale universities, before taking up the post of Professor of Architecture at George Washington University. (See also: American Architecture 1600-present.) In 1919, he returned to Belgium, and was elected a full member of the Belgian Royal Academy. In the climate of post-war austerity, Art Nouveau was seen as too flippant and too expensive. In fact by this stage Horta had moved away from Art Nouveau and no longer employed biomorphic motifs in his architecture. Instead, he used classical elements as well as a more fashionable geometrical style, which underpinned a number of Continental avant-garde art movements such as the design group De Stijl (1917-31), Mondrian's Neo-Plasticism, Van Doesburg's Elementarism (1924-31) and the coming Art Deco (c.1925-40). One of his notable post-war designs was for the Palais des Beaux-Arts (1918-28), a multi-purpose cultural centre, which he designed using a simple and severe style that anticipated Art Deco, and which included motifs drawn from Cubism. The facade was made from stone cladding, but the basic structure was composed of reinforced concrete, while its egg-shaped Henry Leboeuf concert hall became known as one of the Worlds' greatest auditoriums. During the period 1927-31, Horta held the post of Director of the Brussels Royal Academy of Fine Arts, and in 1932 - in recognition of his services to art - was created a Baron by King Albert I of Belgium. Horta started work on this architectural project in 1910 but construction only started in 1937, before a further delay intervened due to the outbreak of World War II. Construction finally got underway in 1946 and it eventually opened in October 1952, although Horta did not live to see it. He passed away in 1947. Despite achieving significant success during his architectural career, Horta's reputation declined as public opinion shifted against Art Nouveau. Several of his buildings were seen as no more than collections of unnecessary decorations, and their exceptional spatial attributes were ignored. But after the demolition of La Maison du Peuple, in 1965, there was a radical improvement in the public's appreciation of his work. As well as his revolutionary iron and glass structural systems, he designed with great sensitivity, delicacy and beauty. Today, four of his buildings are listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. I’ll start with a warning, this entry is one of my few ventures away from verse and a repost of something I put up on Facebook a while back. Its straight from the heart because every once in a while you get the opportunity to be a part of something special. I’ve been lucky enough to have a couple such opportunities. One in particular is worth mentioning on this day. So, the year after, I got a call from one of my best friends on the planet, Johnny Lindo; saying he’d like me to come help with a project he was working on. Being one of my long time best dudes, Lindo has the privilege of hitting me whenever for whatever. I met him down at the Union Square subway station as requested and linked up with several other kids, some members from CMU’s coolest graduates and others just the coolest. Age range: somewhat varied, ethnicity: very varied, religion, orientation, you get the idea…it didn’t matter. My dude proceeded to give us instructions along with several sheets of translucent stickers, each containing one single name. He explained that he’d been walking down this hallway a few weeks earlier and had noticed all of these staggered white subway tiles. He’d counted the rows and columns and determined that if you placed one 9/11 victim’s name on one tile, you could span across one designated stretch of the hallway. We all have our stories from that day and we all (especially New Yorkers) most likely have that two or three degrees of separation from (slash connection to) someone who passed away on this day in 2001. But its when you see all the names written at once or take the time to listen to a roll call of all the names that you get hit with the full magnitude of the event itself. The assembled team went to work, as John meticulously made sure everyone was putting the stickers in the middle of the tiles and not screwing up the alphabetical order and we were there for hours. All of us were straight sweating through our clothes a half hour in but the thing is, no one complained. A bunch of friends, new and old; just went about their business trying our best to get it as our homie had envisioned. Several times through the evening, people stopped by to see what we were doing. We’d explain the project and they’d nod and walk off. Some would stop and hang for a couple minutes and then move on. A couple times, officers would come out of the Union Square police station and approach us – I think one even asked if we had permission or something like that. We didn’t but it didn’t matter. They’d see the list of names going up, give that somber NYPD officer nod and move on. Oddly enough, that’s one of the coolest things I remember about that evening. The cops got it. They got us and they let us do our thing even though it may not have been 100% by the book or sanctioned by the City or to the letter of the law. At any rate, we all stood back once the last name was placed and took it all in. For me (and for all of us I suppose) it was almost the same feeling as I got when I went to visit the 9/11 Memorial (could only do that once to date – hard to describe the magnitude of emotion and the scope of damage so I’ll just say Damn!). Then I took some pictures, jumped in a couple group hugs with my friends, new and old; gave my homie Johnny Lindo a pound & profound thanks and hopped on the train back to Brooklyn… The stickers are a little faded now and have peeling edges but Our project still stands. And now, if you walk down that Union Square hallway, you’ll notice something beyond just stickers with names. Thirteen years later, you can see other tributes added like dried flowers taped to the wall and hand drawn crosses and last messages left to the lost loved ones. So on this 9/11 anniversary, I’ll send a shout out to my boy Johnny Lindo (and BTW I think only myself and members of Little Egypt can call him that). I’m proud to be one of the ones chosen to be a part of what I truly consider one of the most meaningful things I’ve ever done.

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The tent camp, set up to serve the surrounding farming community, includes Bayside first aid and security teams. “The experience for the high school students is profound,” Sadri said. “It makes an impression when they see that the homes we are building for a family of six is 18 feet-by-18 feet. Some our students have rooms that size. They get a perspective they can’t get going to Disneyland or on a spring break trip to a Santa Cruz surf camp.” Sadri said the Bayside students, who come from various economic backgrounds, return with an appreciation for what they have at home. Without cell phone service, the young people focus on the experience. “They see that people who have far less than they have can live with joy,” Sadri said. “The students from here are unplugged. They are not thinking about how many people have liked their Instagram photo. They are doing things such as giving piggy-back rides, making peanut butter and jelly sandwiches, and doing arts and crafts.” Bayside church members raise a wall during past spring break construction in Mexico. Courtesy of Bayside Church Bayside Church members paint trim on a house in Mexico during a past spring break trip. Courtesy Bayside Church Check out your size in the sizing and washcare info page here. Should you fall between sizes, feel free to contact me. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Julián Castro called on the North East Independent School District to change the name of Robert E. Lee High School. The former San Antonio mayor stated the district should form a committee to identify individuals that are "more appropriate" to honor in a post published to his personal Facebook page on Tuesday. Castro made the request on the heels of a report that Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell — and staunch conservative — said a statue Confederate President Jefferson Davis should be removed from the Kentucky state capitol. Confederate symbols such as the Confederate flag have been the source or nationwide controversy in the week following the alleged murder of nine black church-goers in Charleston, South Carolina, by Dylan Roof. Pictures of the 21-year-old white supremacist draped in the Confederate flag have come to prominence in the days following the mass shooting. As a result, political leaders are calling for the removal of Confederate symbols on public property, and businesses such as Walmart are pulling Stars and Bars merchandise from their shelves. (Locally owned Dixie Flag Company announced it will longer sell flag earlier this week.) The Confederate backlash has extended beyond the flag in recent days. The University of Texas at Austin announced this week that a 12-member task force will be convened to consider the removal of a Jefferson Davis statue from the campus' South Lawn. The controversial statue was one of several at UT-Austin that were spray-painted by protesters with the phrase "Black Lives Matter" on Tuesday. "Regardless of whether General Lee was on the wrong side of the war, he as an individual was someone to be respected ... To tell you the truth, that's a great man in history." Chancellor added that the district has thus far received no backlash regarding Lee High School, but indicated that community members can voice their concern by contacting the school's principal, Nicole Franco, or attending the district's next board meeting on July. The exact date of that meeting is currently unavailable on NEISD's website. Some conservatives argue that Confederate symbols celebrate Southern heritage and are not symbols of bigotry and the United State's legacy of institutional slavery. Meanwhile, civil rights activists believe that while the removal of Confederate symbols on public property is important, it's distracting from a larger conversation about racism in America. But as KENS5 reports, there is precedent for changing the name of a school that honors a Confederate leader. In 1992, the San Antonio Independent School District changed the name of Jefferson Davis Middle School to Stonewall Jackson Davis Middle School. The junior high is located off East Houston Street on the city's predominately black East Side. The latter Davis was a prominent black leader in San Antonio. Whether the community will heed Castro's call to change the name of Lee High School remains to be seen. But the backlash against Confederate symbols continues to grow rather than wane. Tags: Julian Castro, Robert E. 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AMH+S will work with you through the whole process from start to finish. We can complete the forms for you and ensure all supporting documentation is correct. We will support you with any areas that need to be addressed until the submissions are completed. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade is not issuing a specific travel advisory for Turkmenistan at this time. New Zealanders travelling or living in Turkmenistan should have comprehensive medical and travel insurance policies in place that include provision for medical evacuation by air. New Zealanders travelling or living in Turkmenistan are encouraged to register their details with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Written by experts, the aim of our quarterly magazine, launched in Spring 2005, is to provide strategic analysis and views on the fund management industry. For more information on Investment Management Review magazine please click here. The book has been featured in articles and interviews in many highly reputed media channels, including the Financial Times, International Herald Tribune, CFO magazine (sister publication of The Economist), Pension Age, Professional Investor, Financial News, Financial Weekly and the Cantos Website. In 2003, Sage & Hermes published and made a major contribution to developing the content of the first-ever Fact Book of the European Fund and Asset Management Association (EFAMA, then known as FEFSI). This organisation is the representative body for the European Investment Management Industry, embracing over 900 asset management companies in 23 European countries. The Fact book carried articles relating to important European developments in pensions, taxation, the funds market and accession countries; and analysis and data pertaining to funds and key developments in each of the member country associations. 40 Acres on Top of World with 360 degree Views, including the privacy and room to stretch out. Amazing views all the way into Idaho, and of the Star Valley. Stunning romantic sunsets and Sunrises to sit on the deck and watch the world wake up! Seasonal creek to water stock, and the Moose, Deer, and Elk. Recreation surrounds you, with mountain biking, snowmobiling, Miles to explore on the ATV or horses. Background: Full mobilization of the right liver is crucial for resection of tumors located in right posterior segments and segment VIII. Surgeons usually put their left hand into the space between right diaphragm and liver to tilt and rotate liver toward left for full exposure of right liver. Gauzes was also usually used to occupy the space to tilt right liver. During laparoscopic assisted hepatectomy, only a 8cm incision was made at subcostal area. It is difficult for surgeons to put their hand or gauzes into the space to tilt and rotate right liver. Objective of the device:To create the space between right lobe liver and diaphragm, tilting liver toward left for full exposure of right liver during hepatectomy especially for tumors located in segment VI, VII and VIII 1. An empty soft IV bag connected to IV tube with IV catheter, the other end of tube connected to syringe with a 3-way connector. 2. The empty IV bag can be easily placed into the space between right diaphragm and liver even through a smaller incision. 3. Pumping up the IV bag with air by syringe, surgeons can easily create the spce between diaphragm and liver, to tilt and rotate the liver toward left and full expose right liver. By adjusting the volume of air inflated into IV bag, surgeons can easily adjust the location fo right liver Conclusion: This space creator is cheap and easy to use, especially for laparoscopic assisted hepatectomy.

Our aim is to help improve the quality of life of our members by providing therapy and support for people with Multiple Sclerosis and other debilitating conditions. The Milton Keynes Multiple Sclerosis Therapy Centre is an independent charity serving the people of Milton Keynes and also the wider community. Since May 1993 we have been running Milton Keynes' first and only Therapy Centre at 4 Hollin Lane, Stacey Bushes, Milton Keynes. We offer a range of alternative therapies for people who have been diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis and also for people with a variety of other conditions. Our aim is to help relieve the symptoms and ease the pain that some people experience with Multiple Sclerosis as well as other medical conditions including M.E, arthritis, cerebral palsy, stroke, diabetes, autism and also oral cancer. Please feel free to contact us at any time if you have any questions or problems you would like to discuss. Give us a call today - 01908 225907. We are grateful that you are visiting our donations website as we are reliant on grants and donations and receive no regular funding. Thank you. A framed wedding photo sits among the balloons, cards and gifts from friends and loved ones. Bradford says her week with Buck Storey was the happiest of her life. ATLANTA — Tasha Bradford made Sylvester “Buck” Storey wait two years before she agreed to go on a date. When they finally got together, everyone knew it was meant to be. Among the many things they had in common, the couple bonded over their mutual adoration of “Star Trek,” old movies, fried bologna sandwiches and God. But even after the accident that took her husband, her leg and part of her colon as the couple returned from their honeymoon, Bradford hasn’t lost her faith. From her bed at Atlanta’s Grady Memorial Hospital, where she spent most of November, Bradford smiles as she replays the details of her wedding day. It was Saturday, October 19. She had turned 31 the week before. It rained that morning; she and her bridesmaids put trash bags over their heads to protect their hair. They ran out to Walmart to pick up lipstick, bought coffee at Starbucks and got ready in the dance hall at High Praise Worship Center in Panama City, Florida. Bradford’s sister-in-law did her makeup, and her maid of honor did her hair. Before the ceremony, the bridal party sat and prayed for God to bless them. Her grandfather was the first to arrive, getting ready in his truck. He was the one who walked Bradford down the aisle and gave her away. With Pastor Joshua Gay officiating, the couple took communion, read letters they had written to each other and had their first kiss as husband and wife. “Love Train” played as the new Mr. and Mrs. Storey walked out of the church. There was tons of food at the reception, held at the home of close church friends. Bradford only got one plate of her mom’s macaroni and cheese before it was all gone, but there was plenty of tater tot casserole, chicken, punch and root beer — Storey’s favorite — and a big bonfire for making s’mores. The newlyweds danced to “God Gave Me You” by Dave Barnes. For their honeymoon, they drove to Gatlinburg, Tennessee. That week, they posed for goofy pictures at the Hollywood Wax Museum and Ripley’s Believe It Or Not!, won tickets to the Dolly Parton’s Dixie Stampede dinner show and drank hot cocoa at a cozy coffee shop. At the Hollywood Stars Car Museum, Bradford paid extra to have Storey’s picture taken in the General Lee, the car from “The Dukes of Hazzard.” On the last night, they ate at Burger King because they had a gift card and watched the Tennessee vs. Alabama football game. That Sunday, October 27, they woke up in the dark to get a head start on the drive home so they would be back in Panama City for the evening church service. They stopped a couple of times for gas. Bundled in a blanket because the heater wasn’t working in their 2001 Chevrolet Blazer, she lay back in the passenger seat and closed her eyes as they continued southbound on Interstate 85. She woke up to the SUV rolling and rolling. It landed upside down in the median on I-85 near LaGrange, Georgia, between Atlanta and Columbus. The car was totaled, but you could still see the words “Tasha + Buck” on one of the backseat windows. No one knows what happened for sure. Storey was pronounced dead at the scene, but Bradford didn’t learn that until after she was airlifted to a hospital. She remembers looking down and seeing that her right leg was mangled and her shoe was gone. She was yanking on her seat belt to get out. She remembers screaming for her mom, her grandmother, anyone she knew. Alex Hart, a lawyer who served in the Marines, was first one on the scene. He and a friend were on their way back to Albany, Georgia, from a trout fishing trip when they saw the SUV flip. When he got to Bradford, he said she was lying on the ceiling, and he could tell her leg was injured badly. He cut her seat belt and pulled her out. Keith Powell of Tallahassee, Florida, pulled up behind Hart. The state ethics investigator had been driving home with his wife from Atlanta’s Hartsfield-Jackson Airport after a cruise to celebrate their 25th wedding anniversary. They propped Bradford’s head against a stuffed animal and covered her with blankets to keep her from going into shock. She heard a woman with a sweet voice talking to her. “Is this your purse, pretty girl?” “Do you know where your phone is, baby?” That was Gail Gentry of Phenix City, Alabama, who had been driving northbound on I-85, on her way to Atlanta for ministry school. She sang and prayed aloud for God to protect the young woman. A second woman, Carol Aaron, found Storey’s cell phone and started calling everyone she could until she reached a member of their church. “All I could think of was, this is somebody’s child … I couldn’t leave her,” said Aaron, who lives in Pine Mountain, Georgia. “I would want somebody to do the same thing for my daughter.” After sheriff’s deputies and a fire department arrived at the scene, Aaron, Gentry and Powell’s wife collected the couple’s belongings that were strewn on the highway. Bradford was airlifted to Columbus Medical Center in Columbus, Georgia. As she lay in the emergency room, the nurse from the Air Evac Lifeteam who had held her hand in the helicopter told her Storey didn’t make it. “I said ‘Lord, Peace be still with him, and he’s in a better place.’ And I cried a little,” Bradford said. “I knew God had his side because he was such a good, Christian man. I had no doubt where he was going to go.” After that, all she can remember was people shoving things in her mouth and putting IVs in her. They flew her to the Atlanta hospital, where her mother and grandmother saw her for the first time. “I just wanted to get there. I just wanted to get to her,” said her mother, Rhonda Cooper of Panama City. She had been driving to church at High Praise when she got the call that Bradford had been in an accident but had no idea how bad it was. When Bradford arrived at Grady, “it wasn’t clear she was going to make it,” said trauma surgeon Bryan Morse. Her vital signs were unstable — her blood pressure low, her heart rate high. A bedside ultrasound showed she was bleeding internally from her belly. She was in the operating room within minutes, where the Morse’s team worked to stop the bleeding. Because the blood supply to her colon had been cut, the right side of her colon was dead and was removed. At the same time, a second surgical team was working on her mangled right leg. It was fractured in multiple places, and she had torn the main arteries, veins and nerves. Vascular surgeon Ravi Rajani got the blood flowing back to the limb, but her leg was damaged so badly it couldn’t be saved. “I hate that she lost her leg, but I still have her … I can live without a leg and I know she can too, because she’s a trouper,” Cooper said. On Wednesday, Bradford was discharged from Grady to a hospital closer to her Florida home. After a few months of physical therapy, Morse said she’ll learn to use a prosthesis and “move on with her life.” “She’s been a miracle to everybody,” Morse said. “She’s really an inspiration to all of us and a reminder of why we do what we do. To see her recover from this and still maintain such a positive attitude has been refreshing.” Bradford has struggled with bouts of nausea and vomiting during her stomach’s healing process. Her mom posts daily updates on Facebook. She keeps a hopeful tone but is real about the details. “We had to clean where her stitches were twice last night,” Cooper wrote one morning. “She has such strength while they’re taking out her stitches and pulling out gauze in her open wound and poking her with needles to get blood and shots every day this goes on. I’ll see tears running down her little face, and I hate to see her go through this, but so thankful she is with us still.” Bradford’s been working hard. By the time she left Grady, she was able to get up out of the hospital bed and go to the bathroom with her walker, stand and wash her hands and get back in bed. On good days, she wheeled herself to the post office to check for packages from loved ones, all the while posting optimistic and light-hearted updates on Facebook about her progress. She calls her stump Jack because she says it looks like Jack Skellington from “The Nightmare Before Christmas.” Emotionally, she grieves the loss of the life she was just starting. Now, instead watching TV and playing with her cat in the little townhouse she planned to share with her new husband, she’s wondering what the future holds. First, she’ll be transferred to a rehabilitation hospital to learn how to do things like put on clothes, bathe and balance. After that, she’ll move in with her mother. It will be a while before her leg has healed enough for a prosthesis. Until then, she’ll get around with a walker and wheelchair. On a table in her hospital room sits a book of painted, handprint flowers from the toddlers in her church’s day-care program where she and Storey taught twice a month. “I think about having children … it hurts. All these other people are having kids,” Bradford said. “But God has a plan. I think of all the beautiful children in church I got to teach. That fills a void. It makes me want to strive even harder, to work my legs to where I can sit on the floor and play with them.” A church acquaintance set up a campaign on the crowdfunding site GoFundMe to try to ease the family’s financial burden. Bradford has health insurance, but that won’t cover all the bills for medical, rehab and therapy. Storey had been a commercial fisherman for years and had recently switched jobs to be home more with Bradford. He had no benefits or life insurance. Bradford’s mother has also had to take an extended leave of absence from her job. She and Tasha’s grandmother have been staying in a hotel near the hospital. Among those sharing her story are the people who helped her at the scene of the accident. Tasha and her mother regularly exchange Facebook posts and text messages with several of the witnesses. Gentry, who stayed while the paramedics were on their way, searched for days until she was able to track Bradford down at Grady. She has since become a friend. “I wanted to make sure she survived,” Gentry said. “I began to wonder if maybe her injuries were worse than I thought. Once I met her, I loved this girl. I want to see her prosper — I want to see her overcome all of this.” “I don’t think it was an accident that we ended up there at that time to be able to help at that time. I just think God does that sometimes,” Powell said. “It’s something you never expected, but it happens and then you feel kind of a kindred spirit to them. You realize how fleeting life can be sometimes so when you have connections like that, you want to follow up with it.” “When they pulled me out of that car, I didn’t know where they came from. All I knew was peace and comfort,” she said. “It feels like God put them there.” “He said, ‘I can’t stay, but I just want to tell you goodbye, and I love you,'” she said. “God has a greater plan than I’ll ever know. I know with time and healing, he’ll send someone my way who will love me for me.” What a beautiful and sad story. My heart aches for you and happy at the same time. Hang in there wonderful person. God is with you now and forever. so…God saw fit to take theman she loved away from her,had her leg cut off,and she is grateful? Sounds like she is just an ignorant religious lunatic to me. Did you really just say that? Which, to you, is worse: losing a limb or losing your life? Yes, she lost the love of her life, but it could have been a lot worse. She could have been paralyzed, a vegetable, or brain dead. She is right to be grateful. She is still alive. God did not take her husband. But she chooses to have faith that through all things, Even out of the bad, God can bring good. God bless her, give her strength and peace. My heart breaks for her. I could not imagine having bearly begun a life and had it snatched from me. What a positive and awe inspiring attitude. What a lesson for us all. There are some people that no matter what you say, they will never see the goodness of God and why he should receive the Glory for all of our blessings and their are blessings even when things are bad. It is a thing called life!! Check out hireVision’s own Tina Hamilton in this video clip from of a December 4, 2009, round table discussion on regional job creation hosted by Congressman Charlie Dent (Pa-15), courtesy of WFMZ. Tina was invited to the forum as a local expert on job creation.

Tags: calling, church, denomination, fellowship, God's gifts, leadership, pastors, prayer, spiritual leaders, teachers Now these are the gifts Christ gave to the church: the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, and the pastors and teachers.” (Ephesians‬ ‭4‬:‭11‬ NLT) For the last few days, I’ve sat in meetings with department and oversight leaders of my denomination from across our nation, hearing the vision God gave them for our Fellowship. In turn, we take these visions and goals back to our home states and pass them along to leaders and pastors, trying to connect the head with the grass roots. And then as a Pastor, I have to pass these along to my leaders and teachers, that we can accomplish all these plus our own community vision as well. When God created the Church, He called men and women to set aside their life goals and ambitions so that He could fully use them to fully reach His people. Regardless of the messes fleshly people have created, the Church was God’s gift to the world, and ministry workers were His gift to the Church. They are not a secret society or a league of superheroes, simply common people with a heart for God, a mind for the work, and a willingness to serve. Take time to pray for your denomination or organization leaders. Then lift up the wonderful leaders at your local church that you love. It takes a lot of folks surrendering their lives so that you can know God and make Him known. Celebrate the gifts God gave so that you could know that you are loved! Tags: damascus, discipline, disobedience, ignorance, Oswald Chambers, Saul, self-harm, self-inflicted, self-willed, spiritual service, spiritual walk Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting me? It is useless for you to fight against my will.” (Acts 26‬:‭14‬ NLT) In 2010, unintentional firearm injuries caused the deaths of 606 people. From 2005-2010, almost 3,800 people in the U.S. died from unintentional shootings. That’s almost as many victims as the number of American soldiers killed in the first seven years of the U.S.-Iraq War! And the greatest shame is the key word of this study: unintentional victims. In the Christ Life, we reflect this same sad scenario. We “shoot ourselves in the foot” by trying to live for God on our own terms. Oswald Chambers says it this way: “Stubbornness and self-will will always stab Jesus Christ. It may hurt no one else, but it wounds His Spirit. Whenever we are obstinate and self-willed and set on our own ambitions, we are hurting Jesus.” To our shame, this is how many of us approach our spiritual walk and ministry. When Jesus called out to Saul/Paul on the road to Damascus, Saul was serving God and disobeying Him at the same time. God calls to each of us to make sure we are doing this right. If the Spirit convicts you, please listen. The saddest casualties to see are those of self-destructing, self-willed, unintentional inflictors of spiritual harm. Live for God on His own terms! It’s much healthier for you! You are loved today! You were running the race so well. Who has held you back from following the truth?” (Galatians‬ ‭5‬:‭7‬ NLT) According to statisticbrain.com, of all persons that set New Year’s resolutions, only 8% are successful at achieving them, 49% have infrequent success, and 24% never accomplish a single one. Wow! And 1 out of 4 are done with them after the first week! By now, 1/3 of resolution setters that hit the gym, cut back spending, and attempted to stop a bad habit have given up and are back to their old ways that they didn’t like beforehand. No matter what the endeavor, good things require hard work and sacrifice. A better marriage, healthier body, and a powerful spiritual life require for diligence on our part to keep doing the things that we know we are supposed to be doing. Then when those stumbling moments come and we question the “effort vs reward” factor, we must keep choosing “effort”, knowing it is worth it! What is keeping you from a healthier body, stronger esteem, wealthier wallet, more intimate marriage, or a dynamic spiritual life? Ask God to help you conquer these or any other goal worth pursuing. Then when you stumble, and you will, He is there to pick you up and keep you going! You are loved today! Keep at it! Back in 2012, the R&B star, Usher, claimed a delusional woman was stalking him and constantly showing up uninvited to his Georgia home. Usher eventually had to obtain a restraining order against 26-year-old Darshelle Jones-Rakestraw who claimed she was married to the singer. She assumed her attentions would stir his heart, only to find his lawyer stirred up instead! We run into trouble when we try to please God by what we THINK God approves or condones. The only guide we have for pleasing the Lord is the Bible; anything else is simply presumptuous. Just because you do something “in Jesus name” or claim that He “knows your heart” doesn’t mean He approves! Our devotion isn’t shown by actions but by a true, daily, vibrant personal relationship. Do as the Bible says, carefully determine what pleases God’s heart and leave opinion out. By searching God’s words, you’ll easily find the way to His heart and secure His blessings. Ms. Jones-Rakestraw got a rude awakening by operating in belief instead of facts. Don’t be like that! Know your God! You are loved by Him!

It’s mentioned nearly 150 times in the Bible (from Noah’s 40 days and nights of rain to the Israelites’ 40 years of wandering to the 40 days Jesus spent fasting in the desert) and it’s cited in key passages of the Quran, with a few Buddhist references to the number as well. And in many cases, those references have to do with the concept of trial and renewal, with overcoming incredible odds to obtain spectacular results. Think about that when you consider Ingram’s annual classes of 40 Under Forty: What they’ve had to do to position themselves for success, and what they are poised to do, not just for themselves, but for the communities they are part of. They have been tested, and they have passed the tests. Bankers, lawyers, health-care professionals, non-profit leaders, builders and designers, technology whizzes, business consultants and sales professionals, they come from many career paths but, invariably, they are living lives that are far larger than their careers. It’s a given that all are successful in those careers. But beyond that attainment, almost every one is married, with children. This is a status that continues to astound, given where demographic trends have taken the nation over the past, oh, 40 years or so. There’s no question: Children complicate career achievement. Ask anyone who ever had to cut short a crucial meeting, or reschedule one, because the school called to report a fevered child. For another, the depth of their civic engagement spawns a hint of guilt in those of us who know we should be—could be—doing more. The 40 Under Forty almost to a man or woman is taking time away from those family concerns to build better communities for their companies and their families by serving on non-profit boards, volunteering at community events and fundraisers, providing manpower for PTA initiatives, coaching youth sports or supporting their church programs. It is a long and varied list of personal interests that have been converted into action, to the benefit of all. In 17 years, Ingram’s has been able to identify 680 such individuals. A few have since retired, several have moved to other cities, and a couple have passed away, but many—ranging from the mid-30s to mid-50s—are still here, still working, still volunteering, and still making this city a better place to live. To this year’s honorees, and to all who proudly wear the 40 Under Forty badge of honor, you have our congratulations, our admiration, and our thanks. A passion for excellence, says Todd Bauer, helped make him a managing partner at KPMG, where he provides tax services and audit support to large public and private clients at the accounting giant. “While public accounting is at times a means to fulfilling an experience requirement for your CPA license, it is where I have enjoyed building my career over the last 15 years,” says Bauer, who turns 38 this month. He also has a key role developing the people who make KPMG tick, serving on the people strategy team—21 partners and managing directors across the firm who focus on ensuring that employees can grow and succeed at KPMG. That also means roles in recruiting from both new college graduates and experienced hires, and mentoring professionals here and firm-wide. He’s no stranger to big numbers at home, either: He and his wife, Melissa, keep busy with five children, ages 10 years to 8 months. “While time is a valuable commodity when chasing five kids,” he acknowledges, “I volunteer at our children’s schools and coach and teach kids youth baseball.” He’s also part of the firm’s efforts to support the Midwest Foster Care and Adoption Association’s adopt-a-family holiday program and its Family for Literacy program, which raises funds and delivers books to students at inner-city schools. His past service includes stints on the Overland Park Friends of the Arts committee and several years as a team leader for United Way’s Community Giving Drive, and this summer he’ll start a three-year stint as treasurer for the board of Horizon Academy. Business isn’t just business for Andrew Brancato—it’s personal. The president of Brancato’s Catering runs not just that operating unit, but is part of an executive team with three other thriving divisions, and the common denominator for all is family. “Growing up in a family-owned business not only instilled the values of hard work, dedication and loyalty, but also galvanized my commitment to family, faith and community,” Brancato says. A graduate of Rockhurst High and Kansas State, where he was Phi Delta Theta president, he went to work in the family’s catering business and All Seasons Rental. From day one, he says, “it was made clear that my position was in no way entitled. With hard work and dedication, I have been able to expand my role in the company while helping the company grow.” And grow it has: Since 2010, he says, it’s up between 55 percent and 110 percent for those units, and the company is extending its reach to international markets. Such success, he believes, stems from a dedication to developing a qualified and successful team, an unwavering commitment to customer service, exceptional product innovation, and a willingness to embrace marketing and public relations initiatives that create local and international brand awareness. He and his wife, Melissa, have two children, 2 years and 4 months old, and he also keeps active with service with Catholic Charities of Kansas City and St. Joseph, the Native Sons and Daughters of Greater Kansas City, and KC Cause. How far will Andrew Brummel go? That’s about the only question left unanswered by an impressive list of accomplishments in the first decade since he graduated from Truman State University in 2003. He followed that up as a procurement agent at the Boeing Co.—while also earning his law degree from Saint Louis University—four years with the Bryan Cave law firm, and, since 2012, he’s been with the region’s largest private company as vice president-legal for Dairy Farmers of America, the nation’s largest dairy cooperative. The latter role, Brummel says, “was earned by playing a key role in the most significant transactions within the organization,” including the lead legal role in a merger with the fifth- largest cooperative in the U.S. Through his work, DFA now sells and exports shelf‐stable milk and other dairy products worldwide, for a growing global middle class insistent on more dietary protein. He’s on DFA’s executive team, directs an in-house team of attorneys, outside counsel, paralegals and support staff, all focusing on matters like mergers and acquisitions, commercial transactions, corporate governance, and membership for a company with $17.9 billion in revenues last year. “There is no substitute for hard work, dedication, and attention to detail,” Brummel says, assessing his success. Throughout his career, he says, “I have approached each task and project with intensity and focus, a goal of maximizing results, and a mindset that failure is not an option.” When Milbank Manufacturing sought someone to lead PowerGen, a new venture in 2009, it turned to Chris Buelow. The goal was to introduce new power generation and energy-management products and create a new revenue stream for the Kansas City manufacturer. Mission accomplished: Buelow and his 16-strong team have been responsible for the design and commercialization of more than 100 new product SKUs and a $15 million business platform for Milbank, which produces a wide range of electrical devices, from metering to power-regulation and generating units. While that was going on, he also managed strategic manufacturing and private-label partnerships with companies like Briggs & Stratton and Westinghouse, and in 2011, was tasked with creating a certification program for electrical contractors to provide technical and installation support for the PowerGen line. From that came a technical support and training team that serves more than 600 certified contractors, 800 distributors and thousands of end users. Two years later, Buelow teamed up with Milbank’s chief financial officer to lead a product acquisition from a Canadian company, which he says had “led to new, unchartered markets for Milbank.” Despite all those success markers, he measures his contributions in terms he considers more meaningful. “The most rewarding experience is mentoring our younger employees and seeing them excel,” he says. “Over the years, I’ve been able to promote five of my employees to management positions.” In his comparatively short career, 35-year-old Eric Buer has been all about numbers with firms like KPMG and now Tradebot Systems, where he’s held titles like manager, director of finance and now CFO for one of the largest high-frequency trading firms in the world. What one might not expect from such a background is the ability to create a real estate portfolio, build a high-speed telecommunications network, or design and run—really—an Arizona gold mine. Buer has done all of that and more, sitting on the boards of directors for all companies under the Tradebot umbrella. For the equities-trading operation, he’s responsible for all aspects of financial and SEC reporting, capital management, and oversight of the CPA team. Just two years after joining the firm in 2009, he was tasked with helping diversify the Kansas City firm’s portfolio, and within three years, the team had created 15 real-estate partnerships and invested more than 10 times the initial capital plan, primarily in Class-A industrial space and multi-family developments. In 2013, he headed up an initiative to bring the firm’s wireless network infrastructure in-house by launching Tatora LLC, a wireless communications provider. He took on that task, he confesses, “with no background in wireless millimeter wave technology,” yet produced what the firm bills as the fastest wireless communications company in the world. He’s on the advisory council for Youth Entrepreneurs and for a decade has been actively involved with the Midwest Foster Care and Adoption Alliance. The law firm of Franke Shultz & Mullen is based in south Kansas City, but partner Nikki Cannezzaro could almost be paying office rents in Downtown Kansas City, for all the time she spends in court. She’s part of a relatively small number of attorneys who are active at both the trial court and appellate level, and her impressive list of nearly 50 cases argued on appeal includes more than three dozen in the Missouri Court of Appeals, where she served as a judicial clerk before joining the firm. She’s a litigation specialist who can fluidly move from cases involving fatal car accidents to product or premises liability, from business disputes to insurance litigation. And she’s collected armloads of legal association honors for her performance. “I’m confident that in my 15 years of practice, I’ve tried more civil jury trials than any other lawyer in Kansas City under the age of 40, and likely been involved in more appeals than most lawyers in an entire career,” she says. The hard work that went into generating clients, revenue and reputation helped make her a partner at the firm in just four years. Cannezzaro is also an active booster of her profession, a past president of the Association for Women Lawyers of Greater Kansas City, and of the Diversity Section of the Kansas City Metropolitan Bar Association. She’s now treasurer and executive committee member for the local bar association. At home, she and her husband have two preschool-age children, and one more on the way. After earning her law degree from UMKC in 2001, Mara Cohara set up shop at Lathrop & Gage and got down to business—the business of defending business, that is. She’s now the chair of the toxic and mass tort practice group for one of the largest law firms in Kansas City, leading more than two dozen attorneys and 10 paralegals in offices nationwide. Mission: to defend companies in jury trials, mediations and arbitrations, in those cases that have earned, in law-firm speak, the “bet-the-company” designation.The tort practice group has grown considerably both in size and gross revenue, contributing to the firm’s $84 million in 2014 revenue from the Kansas City office, more than half the firm-wide total of $145 million. She’s also in the trenches as a skilled litigator, with experience in jury trials, mediations and arbitrations. Cohara, 39, manages all that while raising two children, ages 7 and 3, with husband Ben. “My daily planner is often almost frighteningly full with professional and civic engagements,” she says, but family time is the most important part of those hectic days. That calendar has been crammed with roles as past-president of UMKC Law Alumni Association, secretary of Lawyers Encouraging Academic Performance, director of the Kansas City Metropolitan Bar Foundation, and a member of the Heartland Women’s Leadership Council. She’s also involved with the Harvest Ball Society, 100+ Women Who Care, and the Greater Missouri Women’s Leadership Foundation, among others. Greg Davis has been running with giants for most of his 18 years in the consulting business, at such nationally and internationally known firms as Arthur Andersen, PriceWater-houseCoopers and IBM. His career took a more local turn when he signed on with MarketSphere Consulting in 2005, but he ended up in with a global firm once again when Grant Thornton acquired Marketsphere’s JD Edwards practice in 2013. Davis, 39, is managing director in GT’s technology-solutions practice in Kansas City, where he leads a team that provides financials, distribution and supply-chain solutions for corporate clients in varied sectors, including construction, energy, hospitality, life sciences and telecom. “Helping dynamic organizations make transformational changes and improve their operations gives me pride and appreciation for the outstanding team of people that I work with,” Davis says. “None of our projects are easy, and it always takes a special team to overcome adversity and deliver value to our clients.” He served nearly six years on the board for Ozanam, which serves troubled children and their families, and has actively supported fund-raising golf tournaments for area charities, as well as serving as a fund-raising adviser for Infant Toddler Services of Johnson County/Friends of Infant Toddler Services, and more recently, on the board for FITS. Davis, who earned a business degree from K-State, has two daughters, ages 5 and 8, with his wife, Kathryn. Dave and Jill Deppe married at 21 and became parents a year later. “Neither of us came from money,” Dave says, “so we scraped and fought to survive in our early days.” Deppe, then, has a keen sense of what it takes to succeed, building UnitedLex from scratch into a nine-figure operation serving client law firms in six countries around the world. In a word: It takes faith. “To wake up one summer morning in 2008, full of life and energy, run down to my basement and start building what today has become one of the largest and most professionally impactful legal services organizations in the world, required faith,” he says. “Convincing successful law firm attorneys and other legal professionals to join me, to believe and trust and to have faith, required faith. The Lord led my steps then and continues to today.” And yet his greatest achievement, the 39-year-old says, wasn’t building the company. “It is having built leaders,” he says. “Continuing to push people through their self-imposed glass ceilings to consistently accomplish things beyond their dreams is who I am.” Combined year on year growth over the past 6 years is over 1,250 percent, Deppe says, and the company has 17 offices worldwide, with more than 1,800 legal professionals and technologists. He’s a father to three children, ages 10 to 16, and says of their mother, “my wife is my best friend and if not for her, I would not have the opportunity to share this with you.” After earning his business degree from the University of Richmond, Tim Dunn explored a bit of the world outside of his native Kansas City, working in the insurance sector for the likes of KPMG, Chubb and the Hartford, and at various times in North Carolina, Texas and California. But frequent and eventually, persuasive discussions with relatives brought him home in 2006 to work at J.E. Dunn Construction Co., which was founded by his great-grandfather, Ernie, and where his father, Steve, is chairman. The younger Dunn, trained as a property and casualty broker, earned his master’s in entrepreneurial real estate from UMKC in 2012 and is now the contractor’s senior vice president and director of risk and finance. He’s responsible for developing and implementing risk management strategies, oversight of company investments, and real-estate strategies for the $3 billion company, which has since become employee-owned.The company has long been known for its high level of philanthropy and civic service, from the C-suites on down, supporting a wide range of charitable causes in the region. Dunn himself is actively engaged with the board of Junior Achievement and as a past volunteer teacher educating youth about entrepreneurship, work readiness, and financial literacy. Tim has also been involved in a variety of the Dunn family community campaigns, including the American Heart Association, Salvation Army and the United Way. He and his wife, Ali, have three children, ages 7 months to 3 years old. She hit her personal trifecta as a physician: A career in academic medicine that allows her to provide endocrinology care to patients, allows her to collaborate with researchers at the University of Kansas on various projects, and allows her to train new cohorts of internal medicine physicians. “While each area of my career is rewarding and stimulating,” says Lee Eck, “my role as the program director for the internal medicine residency program is the most critical.” There, she leads a physician team that provides the educational curriculum for 78 internal medicine residents. Those residents, Eck says, “are the heart and soul of the patient care activities for our department of medicine of the University of Kansas Hospital.” For the past decade, Eck has been a Diabetes Night volunteer at the Jay Doc Free Clinic near the hospital, she volunteers for various activities with the PTA from Highlands Elementary, and she’s part of a monthly effort to deliver food to needy families through Grace United Community Ministries. She and husband Steve have two daughters, ages 8 and 10, and both her work and volunteer efforts translate to the home front. “In my resident physicians, I hope to nurture a strong work ethic, a kind and empathetic personality, and an internal drive towards the achievement of excellence with maintenance of humility,” says the 38-year-old. “Luckily, these are the same traits I aim to instill in my beautiful daughters—making the difficult task of work/family balance a bit easier, given a similar agenda.” Remember the adage about finding something you love and never working a day in your life? It’s personified in Tyler Epp, whose workplace shows up on your TV most Sunday afternoons in the fall: He’s vice president of business development for the Kansas City Chiefs. For 15 years, he says, he’s been blessed to work in venues like Arrowhead Stadium and NASCAR tracks—he was general manager of a Sprint Cup series team at age 29. He’s been part of championship seasons, celebrated in victory lane, and has negotiated more than $650 million in various transactions. He’s experienced the best of what sports has to offer, whether it’s college athletics, auto racing, baseball or football. “I’ve seen sports bring grown men to tears, have heard family matriarchs refer to race cars as members of their family, and I have witnessed the most tender family reunions in the bleachers of a Sunday afternoon at the ballpark,” Epp says. The flip side? “I have also missed the playoffs on the last day of the regular season. I know what it’s like to watch a 30-point lead dissolve in the playoffs. I have lived out of my car and worked for free just to get my foot in a door.” Sports, he said, can impact lives and can change communities. “But those individuals who overcome the greatest of odds and adversity—and show again and again that perseverance, faith, and commitment can overcome any obstacles—are the true heroes.” He and his wife Melissa have a 2-year-old at home. Ted Murray, the CEO of Colliers International, knows exactly what’s coming when Rollie Fors approaches his office just off the Country Club Plaza. “There is not a day that goes by without Rollie poking his head into my office with a new idea,” Murray says. “Rollie, by his own initiative, strives to bring newer technologies, business practices and talent to our office.” That’s exactly what propelled Fors to partnership status seven years after joining the commercial realty firm in 2001, and what has earned him the firm’s Everest Award, which recognizes the top 10 percent of all commercial realty brokers in the nation, and a seat on the firm’s executive board. He also has earned Colliers International’s award for the most multi-city assignments by referring business to markets in other regions of the United States and Latin America. Success in his line of work and in his specialty of office brokerage, Fors believes, is grounded in the values of honesty, integrity and hard work. Fors, 36, is a graduate of the University of Northern Iowa—with dual degrees in finance-real estate and in marketing—and is raising a pair of preschool-age boys with his wife, Emily. He’s co-chair of the local Coaches vs. Cancer initiative, has served on his alma mater’s Real Estate Program Advisory Council board for six years, and is membership chair for CoreNet Global, a worldwide association of commercial realty professionals. “I really consider myself lucky,” Renee Gartelos says. “Not every new graduate lands at the right company at the right time, but it happened to me.” The time was 1998, after she’d earned her degree in human resources management and marketing from the University of Iowa, and the company was Burns & McDonnell, one of the region’s—and nation’s—biggest engineering firms. “I was given the opportunity to work on a variety of projects and wear multiple hats—developing new processes, implementing new programs and technology, helping to grow and lead teams,” said Gartelos, 39. The firm has hired thousands of engineers, professionals and staff members in her 16 years there, and she’s now director of human resources. “I am proud that I helped develop programs that established Burns & McDonnell as a best place to work,” she says. “While it’s always fantastic for the company to receive such recognition, it’s even better experiencing it and seeing it make a difference for our employee‐owners.” She also has roles on the HR advisory board for the Bloch School of Management at UMKC, as board member for the KC STEM Alliance, and on the Workforce Advisory Board for KU’s Edwards campus, all while raising three children with her husband, Chris. “It is also important to me that the success in my career has run alongside my busy, growing family life,” Gartelos says. “I hope that I set a positive example for how women can chose the path of being a mother and have a successful career.” In an occupational track where relationships are everything, Katie Gray understands that timing is everything: “All day long, I get to help people in their finest moment—when they are giving!” says the 38-year-old senior vice president of finance for the Greater Kansas City Community Foundation. A decade ago, after accounting stints at Aquila and KPMG, she started at the foundation, which is now the largest in the region in terms of assets. “We have worked hard to build an investment program that encourages philanthropy,” Gray says. “Creating a flexible program that allows donors to continue working with their own trusted financial adviser has propelled a tremendous increase in new philanthropic dollars.” She leads a team that built the infrastructure for that program, under which more than 70 percent of the foundation’s $2.5 billion in assets are managed. Whether its through the sale of a closely held business, managing an inheritance, or updating estate plans, when donors articulate their charitable passions, she says, “I am there to help within a structure that will make giving easy and fun.” Gray, 38, and her husband, Walker have three children, and at this stage in my life, she says “their interests are my interests,” which means youth baseball and swim meets. “Someday, I’ll once again have hobbies of my own,” Gray says, but for now, “I delight in these little personalities and soak in all they teach me.” For most managers, the task would be daunting: Develop a new organization with 100 team members, from the ground up, defining roles and responsibilities for each, and ultimately providing management and support for 1,200 projects, along with the business systems and tools for more than 1,000 employees in the engineering wing of Honeywell. Well, Kelly Hass wasn’t in the MBA class at UMKC the day they taught “daunting.” She led the establishment of a mission and vision for that unit, developed roles and responsibilities, implemented all of it, and nearly doubled a target cost-avoidance goal of $5 million. “I am very dedicated and passionate about achieving results personally and professionally,” says Hass, 35. “In my role as a manager, I place the utmost importance in the success of the team,” which means working to ensure that both personal goals and team goals are met. Family and faith, she says, have enabled her own success. “My parents demonstrated the importance of relationships based on love, faith, and trust, and I strive to show the same to my children.” She has two of them with husband Jay, and works to help them understand the importance of helping others. “They gather toys they want to give to children who cannot afford them and participate in the Salvation Army Adopt an Angel,” says a proud mother, who herself has been involved with Harvesters’ Back Snack program for eight years, and previously aided Habitat for Humanity’s Christmas in October program and fund-raising for the Ronald McDonald House. There is no “W” in S-T-E-M. But Elise Kirchhofer thinks there’s room for one, and it should stand for Women—more of whom should be represented in the fields of science, technology, engineering and math. “Being a strong female leader in a male-driven industry gives me a unique opportunity to encourage and influence young women and help them to reach their fullest potential,” says the 38-year-old vice president at Henderson Engineers. Nearly six years ago, she became the youngest person—of either gender—to make vice president of the Lenexa-based firm, where she has helped develop a network to bolster the careers of women in the field. “Personally and professionally,” says Kirchhofer, “giving back and helping others is at the core of my values. It is something my mom impressed upon me as a child, and I’m working hard to pass those values along to my daughter.” That would be 3-year-old Liesel, whom she’s raising with husband Eric. She also has compiled a robust roster of other causes for giving back, including work with Kansas City Hospice, tutoring at the KIPP Endeaver Academy, and working with the child-life group at Children’s Mercy Hospital, and professionally, through a number of engineering-related associations. “I am fortunate to be able to take this personal passion and apply it as head of the Henderson Foundation,” Kirchhofer says. “I am working to expand and refine Henderson’s giving, to improve our involvement in the community, and to better engage employees in the process.” He’s only 33, but Brennan Lehman has got this service thing all figured out. In addition to his duties as chief information officer at Mosaic Life Care in St. Joseph, he’s involved with five non-profit civic, charitable and educational groups in various roles, from the local parks board to the local United Cerebral Palsy chapter to advisory boards for his alma mater, Northwest Missouri State University. Those groups are strewn between St. Joseph, Maryville and Savannah, where he now lives with wife Nikki and their four children, ages 1 to 7. “Being a part of the northwest Missouri community is AWESOME,” Lehman says. “Watching what small communities can do with so little is such an inspiration, and should be a model for the rest of the country.” So should his zeal in the workplace. He graduated from Northwest in 2004—then earned his MBA there in 2010—spent a year at Cerner Corp., then joined Heartland Health, now Mosaic, in 2005. From clinical application analyst to director of technology applications to vice president of projects and clinical support, Lehman steadily advanced to CIO in January. “The most significant career achievement for me has been the ability to mentor and develop a world class IT business unit, transitioning from episodic to consultative support,” he says. He’s helping redefine health care, transitioning from typical fee-for-services models into shared savings, and developing the technology to aid these new workflows. In 2009, Chris Long founded Palmer Square Capital Management, and by Christ-mas that year, sold controlling intereset to Mariner Holdings, tying Long’s entrepreneurial vision with a fast-growing family of wealth-management specialty firms. Today, Palmer Square manages $3.3 billion in assets and has 24 employees. “I am so proud of the experienced investment team we have methodically built and the different funds we manage which help clients meet their investment goals,” says Long, 39. “Palmer Square is honored to be able to work with a tremendous list of clients which include global insurance companies, pension funds, foundations, and other investment advisors and financial firms.” In addition to a long and impressive roster of board service, youth sports coaching and volunteer work, Long has impeccable academic credentials. He graduated cum laude in economics from Princeton, and secured a Harvard MBA, moving to the Kansas City area after stints with firms in New York. His goal, he says, is to build legacies at work, in the community and at home with the four children, ages 4 to 9, he’s raising with wife Angie. “Ideally, I am able to accomplish all three legacies,” Long says. “My parents instilled in me the value of learning and education and drove home the fact that the most rewarding things only come through hard work, perseverance, and humility. We are working hard at instilling this same intellectual curiosity and love of hard work in our children.” The world’s appetite for energy isn’t going to go away, but the means of sating it are changing. And that’s where Eric Loos makes a living as an electrical engineer for DLR Group, based in Overland Park. He’s played key roles in implementing energy-reduction strategies and creating renewable-energy systems in widely varying settings from coast to coast, including leading the design of the world’s second-largest rooftop solar array, atop the Mandalay Bay Convention Center in Las Vegas. It consists of more than 21,300 panels across an 11-acre expanse of rooftop, and it yields more than 6.4 megawatts of clean energy, satisfying 20 percent of the hotel’s power demand. Before joining DLR, he was leaving his mark on NFL stadiums with electrical design of onsite renewable power systems at the homes of the Washington Redskins, New York’s Jets and Giants, New England Patriots, San Francisco 49ers and Houston Texans. His expertise is in incorporating LEDs with solar energy at stadiums, and he’s been a featured speaker in national and global conferences on that topic. An electrical engineering graduate of South Dakota State University, he is registered to work in 16 states. Loos, 36, and his wife, Jessica, have two daughters, ages 5 and 8, and he also assists with community outreach programs like Christmas in October and Gifts for Christ Child at St. Michael the Archangel, works with St. Mary’s Food Kitchen, and teaches his girls about global citizenship by supporting an 8-year-old girl in Kenya through Kansas City-based Unbound. His path to a law career wasn’t exactly a straight line—it included stops teaching at-risk school students, and five years in management with AT&T. But wherever he’s gone, Blane Markley has done it with excellence: He earned District Teacher of the Month honors in the Independence school district, and a review rating reserved for the top 1 percent of AT&T’s employees. No surprise then, that after securing first his MBA from KU, then his law degree there, that he’d make a quick impact—he joined Spencer Fane Britt & Browne in 2012, and made partner in less than 2½ years and now chairs the firm’s health-care practice. As third careers go, this one’s a charm. “My passion for practicing law and helping organizations and people has allowed me to develop a successful practice representing hospitals, physicians and other health-care providers, and counseling them on issues in an increasingly complex industry,” Markley says, and those duties entail regular stints as outside general counsel, in multi-million-dollar transactions, and in litigation that can have just as much as stake financially. Wait: Did we say three careers? OK, three paying careers. But anyone with kids—and especially with twin daughters—knows the demands of that unpaid gig. “While I do have a passion for the law, my real passion is my family and our community,” Markley says. “My wife Autumn and I stay very busy with our fourteen year-old twin daughters, Kristen and Lauren and our youngest, Jillian.” Right up front, we’ll admit: Korb Maxwell has fingers in more civic pies than we could possibly list here, from serving as counsel to the Argentine Neighborhood Development Corp. in Kansas City, Kan., all the way up to the Republican National Committee’s finance committee. The list of organizations he’s promoted is all the more impressive when you consider the hours he logs as one of the region’s busiest development attorneys for one of its biggest law firms, Polsinelli, PC. He’s an expert in economic development issues who has negotiated and secured approval of hundreds of millions of dollars in incentives across a broad sweep of real-estate asset types. That work fulfills the goal set by this native son when he returned home after earning his law degree from the University of Texas in 2003. Polsinelli, the 37-year-old says, “has proven to be the perfect firm and practice for me. The firm strongly encourages entrepreneurism, and the practice is at the intersection of law, politics, and business.” Maxwell’s legal fingerprinhts are on the Hollywood Casino in Wyandotte County, the American Royal’s Agricultural Events Center, the Bass Pro store in Olathe, and the redevelopment of the Elms Hotel in Excelsior Springs—all of which helped make him a partner in just six years. He’s also been involved with fund-raising or finance chairmanship for candidates in city, county, state and national elections, including helping raise more than $2 million to help elect Rep. Kevin Yoder to Congress in 2010. How’s this for getting it done? “Over the course of a weekend in July 2004, we got married, moved to Kansas City and started new jobs,” says Miles McCune, a principal and office brokerage specialist for Kessinger/Hunter & Co. “That was a lot to take on at the time, but we are glad we made the move. We love it here and are proud to call Kansas City home.” He comes from a line of sales professionals—his father and both grandfathers were in sales he said, “and I grew up knowing I would end up selling something.” That started with tickets and luxury suites for the Class AA baseball team in Frisco, Texas, which probably isn’t regarded in sales circles as a target-rich environment. But he did it better than anyone in the organization, and “the job taught me about hard work and persistence,” says McCune, 36. “In many ways, it was a great training ground for my real estate career.” And how. He made waves at Kessinger/Hunter & Co. from Day One: He was recognized as a Kansas City Commercial Real Estate Rookie of the Year by the Kansas City Regional Association of Realtors in 2005, posted a string of CoStar Power Broker Awards, and in 2011, he was named principal and part owner of the firm—the youngest person to serve in that role. He’s also been a member of the the Metropolitan Board of Realtors Million Dollar Club every year since joining the firm. His real success, he says, starts at home, where he and his college sweetheart, Katie, have four children, ages 18 months to 8 years. Stress? That’s for wimps. Jason Parks is in the advertising business to eat stress, not simply manage it. As managing director for Barkley, he understands that stress is just part of the game—the long hours, the finicky clients and the challenges of reaching consumers in an ever-changing digital world. How do you subject those stressors to another world view? “I would argue that I’m not really in the advertising business,” says Parks, 39. “Yes, my team at Barkley develops advertising, but I would argue that our clients really want ideas—ideas that change the course of their business, or that could even change the world.” Cast in those terms, being in the idea business does sound less stressful than advertising, doesn’t it? Parks started at Barkley after earning his degree in business from William Jewell in 1998, and seven years later, headed to St. Louis as principal at Adamson Advertising. He came back when Barkley acquired Adamson in 2010, and his rise up the ladder—as vice president and senior VP of group accounts, then as managing director in January 2014—reflects his successful collaboration with senior executives from some of the best-known brands in the nation (even internationally), including Dairy Queen, Quizno’s, Krispy Kreme, Rawlings, Kawasaki, Coleman and many others. “My most significant achievements are tied to the ideas I’ve helped develop with my partners at Barkley,” Parks says. “So while it may be stressful, I think I made a wise career choice.” Do not approach Rob Persaud with preconceived notions of who he is. “I’ve never quite fit the mold,” says the 39-year-old with CommunityAmerica Credit Union. He’s half-Guyanese, born to Jewish/Hindu parents, and says “I select ‘other’ on demographic surveys. … Evading categorization is a source of pride for me.” In his case, if you can’t fit neatly into a box, it’s easier to think outside one. After earning his degree at Washington University’s Olin School of Business in 1997, he went to work for Deloitte, Kraft Foods and Pepsi, handling brands like Cool Whip, Gatorade, Aunt Jemima and Quaker cereals. Persaud broke away from the food chain by coming here from Chicago in 2009, first to lead the rebranding of Sunlight Saunas as Sunlighten, then working at American Italian Pasta Co., where he had P&L responsibility for $515 million in sales. Since 2013, he’s been with the credit union as senior VP of marketing, part of a leadership team that has achieved record-setting net income on its way past the $2 billion threshold in assets. Outside the office, he’s been a youth soccer coach for Sporting Blue Valley (he and his wife, Alison, have two elementary-school age children), and a Top Dog volunteer at Cedar Hills Elementary. So much about him defies pigeon-holing, “but when I turn 40,” Persaud says, almost as if writing an epitaph, “my greatest source of pride will be something I can categorize: my creative, adventurous, funny, generous, loving and supportive family.” The numbers get Jared Poland up in the morning—the ones he deals with from the perspective of a CPA and Level 1 chartered financial analyst. But what really gets him motivated as managing director at C3 Capital, the region’s largest private-equity firm, are relationships. “The most rewarding accomplishments” he says, “have developed through my work. … I have the opportunity to work with an experienced and successful group of professionals at C3, as well as business owners, executives and other finance professionals from all over the country.” Those connections, he says, have produced some powerful lessons. “Each day, the challenge or task at hand is different, along with the people you are tackling the problem with,” Poland says. “Through these challenges, I have learned the importance of being flexible, open-minded and working as part of a team to achieve a positive result.” His colleagues at C3 cite his combination of brains, work ethic and personality as pillars of his ability to build relationships with entrepreneurs who run each of the firm’s portfolio companies. Poland is also responsible for training and development of the firm’s younger staff members. Before setting up shop at C3 in 2006, Poland had worked at Deloitte and Kansas City Life Insurance Co. A Rockhurst University graduate with a degree in accounting, Poland and his wife, Lori, have an 8-year-old son who keeps Dad involved with the community as a coach in youth baseball, soccer and basketball activities. Everything you need to know about Hoddy Potter’s strength—the inner kind, not the kind she helps others achieve with her Bar Method fitness studios—can be gleaned from a Facebook post she tossed out a little more than a year ago: “I was recently diagnosed with a type of cancer called lymphoma. I plan on giving it an ass-whooping.” Throughout last summer, she underwent chemotherapy—while continuing to teach fitness classes and run the studios she opened after moving to Kansas City in 2010. A native of San Francisco, she spent six years as a litigation attorney for a large law firm there. But the fit wasn’t right. She longed for the personal contact she’d had with customers at the Bar Method studio where she’d worked during law school, and started making plans for a studio of her own. When she and husband Mit (an attorney at Polsinelli) became parents, they decided they wanted to raise their young ones in his native Kansas City. Potter, 34, opened her first studio in Leawood’s Park Place in 2011, then a second two years later west of the Plaza, and has wedded her business success with her philanthropic goals. The Leukemia and Lymphoma Society recognized her as its largest single fundraiser for its Light the Night Walk last year, topping $50,000, and with her brother, she started a business, Sock Playground, selling fitness stockings. A portion of those proceeds goes back to the Lymphoma Society, as well. She and Mit have three children, a 6-year-old and 4-year-old twins. Health care and education are two huge factors in the life of a community, and in Kansas City, Melissa Robinson is standing at the intersection of those two forces. At 35, she’s the youngest executive director in the 26-year-history of the Black Health Care Coalition, and she also sits on the Kansas City school board. Those roles are outward expressions of her own experiences with education and health care. She holds an MBA from Webster University, and has drawn on her business skills to transform things at the coalition, which offers programs and resources to help improve health and wellness in the city’s core. Among her achievements there she cites “significant strides in attracting multi-sector partnerships, including the business community, Police Department, education and non-traditional government partners.” The latter include faith-based organizations, which have served as sites for free medical services. Robinson used that programming to expand those services to small businesses that don’t offer employee health insurance, increasing service delivery to clients by 57 percent in the first year and 37 percent in the second year. She also developed the agency’s first earned-revenue source. The mother of a 1-year-old special needs child and 6-year old, she is a mayoral appointee to the city health Commission and the Health Care Foundation of Greater Kansas City’s Community Advisory Committee, and sits on Jackson County’s Developmental Disability Board and the Neighborhood Development and Tourism Fund. One metric above all stands out for Patrick Sallee. “The measure of our success in philanthropy and the non-profit sector,” he says, “is in lives impacted.” Sallee has been impacting lives for more a decade as fund-raiser and administrator for organizations like the Hartsook Companies, Big Brothers Big Sisters of Kansas City, the American Red Cross and, most recently, as chief external relations officer for the Samuel U. Rodgers Health Center Foundation. “In each role, the organization has seen an increase in philanthropic support, improved systems and greater impact,” the 35-year-old says. His current role entails managing external relationships for the health center—from fundraising and philanthropy to volunteer coordination, government relations and community engagement. Sallee, who holds a master’s in public administration (emphasis: non-profit management) from UMKC, recently wrapped up eight years of service on the board of Nonprofit Connect, most recently as immediate past president. He also has served for three years on the Bloch School of Management’s advisory council for the Department of Public Administration, and recently took a seat on the board of Genesis Academy, a K-8 charter school. He’s also a regular contributor to The Good Men Project, a Web site dedicated to conversations about fatherhood, family, relationships and cultural issues. “Beyond the work and community involvement,” Sallee says, “the center and most important piece of it all, are my 4-year old twin daughters.” “I would describe myself as a family man and help-others-first type of guy,” says Brandon Scarborough. This is impressive, because if Scarborough’s career achievements are an indication, he must be a terrific family man and others-first helper. He was just 24 when he started Benefit Design Group, a full-service voluntary benefits enrollment and communication company that within three years merged into the Power Group. There, he’s been an annual fixture on the Power Council, which recognizes top sales achievement. “I am also responsible for forming PowerEnroll, Power Group’s internal enrollment system and enrollment team,” says Scarborough, 35. He works with companies that have 100 to 15,000 employees, and has been recognized as Benefits Selling magazine’s 2012 national Benefits Broker of the Year, and by Employee Benefit Advisor magazine as one of its rising stars in employee benefits. He joined Baker University’s board in 2011, serving on committtees dealing with strategic planning, advancement, enrollment and a presidential search, developing relationships with prominent business leaders throughout Kansas City. Outside the office, “it is my personal philosophy to pay it forward, big or small, in some way every day,” he says. “With my wife Courtnay (a pediatric anesthesiologist at Children’s Mercy) and three children (ages 2 months to 6) we are actively involved in our children’s schools.” He’s also involved with Big Brothers Big Sisters, ReStart, Mission Southside and Rose Brooks among other activities. Kansas City’s claim to being the Entrepreneurial Capital of America is rooted not just in its business base, but in its ability to project an understanding of how entrepreneurship works on national and global stages. A key figure in that particular brand of evangelism is Dane Stangler, vice president of research and policy at the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation. He leads a team of 18 and oversees grants, agreements and research for what’s generally regarded as the world’s top entrepreneurship research organization. “Helping develop a well-functioning team of talented individuals who are able to grow personally and professionally has been one of the best things in my career so far, albeit an unfinished task,” says Stangler, 35. He’s spoken at different forums around the country, including Gov. Sam Brownback’s Council of Economic Advisors in Kansas and Gov. Jay Nixon’s conference on economic development in Missouri, he’s testified before Congress and he’s spoken at high-profile national and global events. All fulfilling for the father of children ages 2 to 8 with wife Katie, but as he notes, “what matters is raising four children with the idea that the most important thing you can give them is time, and spending time with my grandmother.” He’s also held active roles with the Center for American Entrepreneurship, where he was a founding board member, and with the Manhattan Institute’s selection committee for its social entrepreneurship innovation awards. We knew Davyeon Ross was destined for big things back in 2008, when he made the inaugural class of Ingram’s 20 in Their Twenties with his savvy blend of IT skills and his love for sports. A native of Trinidad and Tobago, Ross departed from an IT path that had taken him, over seven years, to Sprint Corp. and eVergence Partners as a software engineer and tech consultant. When he formed AthletixNation in 2007, it was a taste of what was to come with a company engaged in on-line publishing and distribution of Division I college sports videos. That morphed into Digital Sports Ventures, which was acquired by Digital Broadcasting Group in 2011. In May 2013, Ross co-founded ShotTracker, which has developed a wearable device that tracks basketball shooting acumen, yielding real-time shooting statistics to help improve on-court performance. He’s currently chief operating officer there. As if his schedule weren’t full enough, Ross has been affiliated with the KTEC Pipeline since 2009, and is a partner in Avendis Solutions, which develops software for ad agencies and other organizations. The intersection of sports and technology, Ross says, provides unlimited opportunities for entrepreneurial thinkers. He graduated from Benedictine College (where he’s served on the Alumni Board) and earned his MBA at MidAmerica Nazarene University in Olathe. His non-profit interests have included support for or service with the Boys and Girls Clubs of Greater Kansas City, and the NAIA’s Champions of Character. The regional apartment building boom has been superheated in recent years, but Jeff Stingley is one cool customer in that space as senior vice president for the Kansas City office of CBRE, the national brokerage firm. Since 2006—a span that includes a killer downturn in real-estate markets nationwide—Stingley has facilitated the sale of over 10,550 units with an aggregate value of more than $785 million in consideration—and more than two-thirds of that volume, $545 million, has come since 2012. Through last month, his year-to-date sales volume stood at $132 million, with an additional $250 million in contract or on the market. Those could make 2015 the best year on record for the office’s top producer in 2012 and 2013. He attributes much of that to the organization; CBRE sold more than $26 billion in apartments in 2014, allowing him to “tap into the minds of some of the industry’s top multifamily brokers and apply their best practices to my own. I am constantly looking for ways to improve.” That, plus singular focus on apartments, a penchant for multitasking, a voracious appetite for real-time market trends and solid relationships with property owners, he says, creates a love for his job that “allows me to bring 100 percent enthusiasm to every assignment.”A graduate of Pembroke Hill School, he majored in finance and entrepreneurship at the University of Arizona. And he’s having a pretty good year at home, too: This summer, his wife, Gina, is scheduled to give birth to a baby sister for their 2-year-old son. Business schools don’t offer courses titled Humility 101, but if they did, Kylee Strough, president of the United Way of Greater St. Joseph, would have aced it. “By the very nature of the work of United Way, achievements are never my own,” says the 34-year-old. Instead, she credits the hard work of co-workers, employees of partner agencies, passionate volunteers, and generous donors, without whom “there could be no achievements in my career or at United Way.” And yet, she’s had a pronounced impact since joining the organization as a campaign manager in 2005. On her watch, the number of volunteers is up 114 percent, as are the opportunities to engage volunteers. The number of leadership donors is also up, by 38 percent, and she’s worked to create new initiatives and improve relationships with partner agencies, organizations and community leaders. She also has helped raise more than $27 million in an MSA that, with 123,000 residents, is just a fraction of the KC area’s size. “Serving as a conduit to help connect the caring power of our community to strategies that improve lives,” she says, “is my most significant career and personal achievement.” Her work is a reflection of her belief that “each of us is called to leave things better than we found them,” says Strough. “Often, people can feel torn between family, work and volunteering, but I believe that all three should sync and when they do, that is when you can truly make a difference in the community and the world.” She and husband Brett are parents of a 16-year-old son. Since joining McCownGordon Construction in 2003, a year after earning his degree at Missouri University of Science and Technology, Chris Vaeth has moved from project engineer to senior project engineer, project manager to senior project manager. In February, he was named director of preconstruction. That’s five promotions in 12 years, including one that made him a key leadership figure for the contractor. The secret of his success? According to company officials, it’s a combination of his leadership, passion and entrepreneurship, plus his focus on relationships with clients and subcontractors, a high level of performance, and his efforts to establish a presence in the community.He’s done that not just with his work, but by supporting a broad array of non-profit organizations and causes, including the United Way, Arts KC Fund, Ronald McDonald House, the Design-Build Institute of America, United States Green Building Council, and the Kansas City Zoo’s annual Jazzoo. Taking that a step farther, he co-founded Give Hope Back and serves as vice president of the non-profit, which develops events for the research, safety and health of children in Kansas City. To date, the $125,000 it has raised has gone to the cancer auxiliary at Children’s Mercy Hospital. “Being involved and giving back is part of my commitment to the community where I live and work,” says Vaeth, 35. “I helped found the Give Hope Back organization to inspire individuals and organizations to take an active role in their community.” After 10 years with CBIZ MHM, Candace Varner joined Leawood-based Creative Planning with a mission: Grow the tax practice. Bear in mind, she had turned 30 only a month before, and Creative Planning was on a growth rocket of its own. Too much, too soon? Hardly. Since she signed on, the staff, client base and revenue have all increased over 100 percent, she says. And the keys to that? “By making changes in all areas of the department, including our internal processes, fee structure, software, staffing and deliverables,” says Varner, who’s still only 31. “I love the challenges this role offers and the opportunity to help clients better understand and plan for the complexities of their tax situation.” At CBIZ MHM, she worked with clients in the construction industry, large corporations and trusts, and with the national tax office, updating the training curriculum and training younger staff. She has also worked outside the office as financial adviser for four years for the Chi Omega sorority at KU, and for three years a community representative for the advisory board of the Blue Valley school district’s business department. Defying mathetmatic probability with this group, Varner is the fifth member of this year’s class to be a parent of twins, 4-year-old girls “who keep us very busy,” she says of herself and husband Zack. “They are my top priority and I consider myself extremely lucky to be able to watch them grow … they make me laugh every day and remind me what’s really important.” The Kemper family is known for producing some very successful—and very tall—bankers, so Nick Warren fits right in as senior vice president for agribusiness at Commerce Bank. He was listed as a 6-foot-7 tight end during his playing days at Kansas State, where he earned a finance degree in 2002. The 36-year-old directs a nearly $1 billion book of business with clients in agriculture and food processing in the heart of America’s farming center. “I’ve been very fortunate to have great teammates and leadership at Commerce, along with tremendous support from my family,” says Warren, who started as a management trainee in the bank’s credit department 12 years ago. “Watching how our bank was positioned and responded before, certainly during, and following the Great Recession and financial crisis has been an invaluable lesson for me early in my career.” He also credits the bank’s support for his first runner-up finish in the Man and Woman of the Year competition for the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society in 2012, part of a team that raised $23,000 for that event, a considerable chunk of the $550,000 overall total. A native of Eudora who lives on the Country Club Plaza, Warren is a member of the Mercy Ambassadors for Children’s Mercy Hospital, and serves on the board of directors for the Shadow Glen Golf Club. Away from the bank, it’s not unusual to find him on the links, or working on the family farm in northeast Kansas. Year in, year out, the number of 40 Under Forty honorees with precisely three children defies mathematical probability. Rob Willard deviates from the pattern a bit, and not just because has just two at home with his wife, Jeri. But in a way, Willard has more than 300 other Platte County children, too, through his work as county treasurer. His office takes funds generated through court and administrative fees and distributes them to domestic-violence shelters. After winning a contested election in 2012, he discovered that because of a lapsed funding agreement, that money wasn’t reaching its targets. He drafted an ordinance to create a county domestic-violence shelter board, lobbied for its passage by the county commission, and restored the funding. “Just as I wouldn’t ignore what gave my life meaning, and let my own children go without what they needed,” he says, “I wasn’t about to cut the lifeline to 300 Platte County children. … That’s who I am.” Willard’s father had raised him to understand that the meaning of his life would change with time, and it did—in a hospital delivery room. “The meaning of my life, and who I was, changed when I became a dad,” he says. Before taking office, he found meaning in his work as an assistant prosecuting attorney for the county, in charge of going after financial crime, and followed that up with a stint in private practice. Today, he oversees the county’s investments, a $25 million-plus portfolio, and manages accounts for its $60 million annual budget. Since assuming responsibility for overseeing MRIGlobal’s insurance portfolio seven years ago, Brenda Williams has encountered some unique challenges for securing coverage of cutting-edge operations. That’s part of the drill at a research organization specializing in defense, life sciences, energy, agriculture and food safety. Few challenges, though, rose to the level of the one Williams faced last year: procuring federally-mandated insurance coverage for staff traveling to west Africa as part of the federal Defense Threat Reduction Agency. In laymen’s terms, that would be the War on Ebola. The killer virus. Obviously, one does not just Google up “insurance carriers” to find such specialized coverage. For Williams, it was just another task in the role of manager of financial planning and analysis, which entails minimizing corporate risk. And that means juggling the competing demands of government contract work with the challenges of scientific research to ensure that those varied research lines are properly covered. She has worked with brokers and underwriters to give them a better understanding of MRIGlobal’s work, yielding more effective, targeted coverage, with more realistic pricing—her work has contributed to savings of more than $100,000 a year in insurance premiums. A finance major at the University of Central Missouri, she went on to earn her MBA from Rockhurst University in 2005. She’s recently engaged and also helps her fiancé by serving as business manager for his hardwood flooring company. Ed Wilson has worked with some big-time clients on some big transactions, which one would expect from a partner in the food and agribusiness practice at a law firm the size of Husch Blackwell. But more than any one deal he can think of, he says, he measures his own success with a couple of different yardsticks. One is the process—“through time and trial and error,” Wilson says—of learning to manage large, sophisticated mergers and acquisitions. But maybe the most rewarding aspect of his work, he says, “has been my good fortune to work with long-time friends and develop some great new relationships in the process.” Wilson earned his undergraduate and law degrees from the University of Kansas, and his only job since law school has been with the Husch firm. He’s worked with multi-billion-dollar agribusiness giants like Triumph Foods and National Beef Packing, and with smaller niche companies like LatteLand and Honolulu Coffee, tackling general business transactions, negotiating joint ventures, partnerships and contracts, and with business start-ups. Wilson, 39, has been on the board for Head Start of Shawnee Mission since 2008, and on its executive committee since 2010. He’s also served on behalf of Hello Art, which connects artists with art lovers in the region; PREP KC, which encourages college preparation among inner-city students; and serving as a mentor for first-year law students at his alma mater. To celebrate my bf’s birthday, I decided to take him to Bistro Petit Salut, a cosy little French restaurant at the Chip Bee stretch behind Holland Village. The sister (or poorer cousin?) of the classier (and more expensive) Au Petit Salut, it was surprisingly good, with prompt, polite and friendly service, and delicious, reasonably-priced food. The starters were a lobster and beetroot salad thing (Citibank set meal promo), and a lobster consomme (normal set meal). Found the lobster to be fairly fresh and tasty – not powdery – and while I don’t really eat beetroot, I decided that the taste went well with the lobster. The consomme was normal, but good at that point because I was feeling a bit queasy. It came with a cute little ravioli thing which I think was filled with lobster and tomato – savoury and tasty. The Citibank set came with 2 entrées, the second being mussels cooked in white wine and Provençal herbs. At first the sauce tasted kinda funny, but as we ate, it kinda grew on us. Ended up scooping the sauce to drink after the mussels were long gone, lol. Reminds me of France, seriously. Being the carnivores we were, both of us had steak. Had a bite of the bf’s angus steak – thought it was alright, not too bad, but I’m really not a fan of medium done steaks, so. He thought it was a bit salty. On the other hand, I was completely in love with my steak! Lovely, red, juicy steak with caramelized onions and bearnaise sauce; it was so tender and flavourful such that I savoured every bite. MMM! His chocolate mousse (I think) cake with berries and lemon sorbet was rather nice – the sorbet lent a refreshing taste to the moist and slightly bittersweet chocolate. My choux buns with vanilla ice cream, warm chocolate sauce and sliced almonds were splendid – a sweet, cold and crunchy end to the meal. So totally wonderful. T’was a great experience and I would definitely go back! At $48++ and $38++ for the Citibank and normal sets respectively, it’s really quite reasonable and value for money. Must also once again commend them for the good service – it’s getting kind of rare in Singapore these days. Come Earth Day, EDUN fans will be able to wear their ethics on their faces, as well as their sleeves. The ethical...

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Fancy a workout that improves empathy, prepares you for new situations and boosts your brain function? A quick and easy way to start is by picking up a book. Associate Professor Leher Singh from the National University of Singapore's psychology department said: "Reading is an excellent way to build an understanding of the world and how it works and to form expectations of people, places and things." In psychology, this is called a schema - a way of organising the world inside your head, according to the patterns you have learnt in your everyday life. Associate Professor Annabel Chen, deputy director of Nanyang Technological University's Centre for Research and Development in Learning, pointed to recent neuroscience discoveries about how the brain responds to reading. Researchers have found that reading novels brought up activity not only in the parts of the brain previously associated with story comprehension and language recep- tivity, but in the somatosensory cortex and motor regions as well. "It is likely that the novel transported the reader into the body of the protagonist, thus tricking the mind into thinking it is doing something it is not, a phenomenon also known as embodied cognition," said Prof Chen, who is a clinical neuropsychologist by training. Respondents who had read at least one book in the past 12 months, according to the National Library Board's 2016 National Reading Habits Study on Adults. "A good example of embodied cognition is visualisation in sports, like thinking about playing tennis can activate neurons associated with the physical act of serving or hitting the ball. Thus, the increased connectivity in these regions suggests the ability to put ourselves in someone else's shoes." Dr Tan Wah Pheow, manager of Temasek Polytechnic's Centre for Applied Psychology, said the act of reading is "akin to exercising your whole brain". Prof Chen explained the idea of the whole-brain workout: "Reading requires many higher-order cognitive functions, such as visual imagery, working memory and concentration to keep track of the plot and imagination of the scenarios described." But even those with a reading habit may wonder: Does it matter how often you read or whether you are curled up with Harry Potter or War And Peace? Prof Chen said: "The type of material one reads really depends on the goal of reading the material and the person's level of suggestibility." She added: "Fiction can help activate different brain regions involved with imagery. It allows a short escape from daily hassles for psychological well-being." Dr Tan said: "Maybe the question should be how engaged people should be when they are reading. Highly engaged people are said to be engaging in deep processing, where they read for meaning and context, and critique what they have read." He added: "More engaged reading leads to better understanding and learning. It also results in a higher level of brain activation." While fiction promotes empathy on the part of the reader, Dr Tan said that educators recommend children to read non-fiction. This is because non-fiction promotes learning across different subjects and teaches children different ways to approach a text - such as through inquiry-based thinking. Psychologist Frances Yeo from Thomson Paediatric Centre said that reading across different genres exposes learners to a variety of writing styles. "The student should receive direct instruction on how to analyse written text and learn how to write for different audiences," she said. "I feel that many students lack this." The National Library Board's 2016 National Reading Habits Study on Adults found that about 69 per cent of respondents had read at least one book in the past 12 months. The National Arts Council's 2015 National Literary Reading and Writing Survey saw fewer than half of the respondents reading at least one "literary book" between March 2014 and March 2015. Ms Sujatha Nair, assistant director of the Ministry of Education- aided Dyslexia Association of Singapore Literacy Programme, said: "Whether you have the reading ability of a pre-emergent or an expert, you should always aim to read as much as possible. This is especially important for struggling readers who tend to be reluctant readers." She recommended starting with a daily target of half an hour and building it up to one to two hours a day dedicated to reading. Temasek Polytechnic's Dr Tan said: "I advocate the reading of works that are engaging and which invoke deep processing, regardless of whether they are fictional or not." Given the social and cognitive benefits of reading, how should parents and caregivers train their children for literacy? Have realistic expectations and support children from young with reading sessions and a text-rich environment, say experts. Reading together with your child gives you an opportunity to talk with him about emotions and taking the perspective of other people. Associate Professor Leher Singh from the National University of Singapore, who specialises in infant language development, said: "When a child is not ready, early reading can backfire by inducing reading anxiety". The child, under pressure to read, starts to dread the activity and associates it with negative emotions. But by age six or seven, a child should be able to read independently. Prof Singh said children should be given a supportive reading environment from an early age. This includes encouraging them to read what interests them. "Some like to read about world wars and others about dinosaurs," she said. Ms Frances Yeo, a psychologist at Thomson Paediatric Centre, suggests starting children off on "sight words", which are high-frequency words that language learners must be able to recognise as a whole, without having to break them down into letters or sounds. "Once a child is able to read some sight words, parents can teach them phonological skills to decode or break down unfamiliar words." But Ms Sujatha Nair of the Dyslexia Association of Singapore said: "Some children may naturally incorporate concepts like the alphabetic principle through early exposure, but it should not be expected of all children. Those with learning disabilities will require direct and explicit instructions in reading." Ms Gabrielle Lai, a lecturer in Temasek Polytechnic's psychology studies programme, said caregivers should expose children from young and show that reading is a pleasurable activity. She said: "Reading fluency is more than just skill and drill. In fact, adopting such an approach would be detrimental to the child's interest in reading, which will then affect the development of reading and literacy proficiencies." And children will read regularly, Ms Yeo pointed out, "only if they see their parents reading at home". Ms Yeo said: "Reading together with your child gives you an opportunity to talk with him about emotions and taking the perspective of other people." For example, children can identify with characters in books and learn how to deal with situations, such as confronting school bullies or visiting the doctor. Ms Khoo Sim Eng, head of the film studies minor at the Singapore University of Social Sciences, said: "Regular reading improves vocabulary and grammar. This isn't just about being able to show off big words. Having a wider vocabulary allows us to express ourselves more clearly and precisely." Ms Elaine Lee, a lecturer in early childhood education at Ngee Ann Polytechnic, said that one way to make reading appealing is to create stories together or "make games out of everyday activities". A trip to the supermarket can also be a literacy exercise - parents can point out grocery labels and help their children decode the printed material, she added.

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Students and industry professionals attending New York Textile Month will have the unique and exciting opportunity to see the Allegro printing live. In addition to the live demonstration, Kornit Digital will have experts present to educate attendees on textile printing technologies, focusing on the sustainability of Kornit’s digital process in FIT’s Great Hall on September 13th from 4:00 – 7:00 pm. As the textile industry continues to be challenged about environmental concerns, this presentation will provide attendees with insights as to how the Kornit Allegro answers the demands for more sustainable printing processes. The Kornit Allegro incorporates the company’s NeoPigment inks and prints onto multiple fabric types with 100% sustainable results. Its integrated fixation process removes the need for pre-treatment, steaming or washing, making it a truly environmentally friendly solution that meets the most rigorous environmental regulations, including OekoTex Standard 100 and GOTS approval. Kornit Digital and FIT have successfully partnered for several years on a digital textile design project with the Senior Textile/Surface designs students. Students were encouraged to create original designs printed on the Allegro and were subsequently judged based on theme, marketability, and use of digital technology. Kornit Digital (Nasdaq: KRNT) develops, manufactures and markets industrial and commercial printing solutions for the garment, apparel and textile industries. Leading the digital textile printing market with its exclusive eco-friendly NeoPigment process, it caters directly to the needs of the entire textile printing value chain, from designers to manufacturers, apparel decorators and fashion brands. With its immense experience in the direct-to-garment market, Kornit Digital is also revolutionising the roll fabric industry with its single step solution that enables printing with a single ink set onto multiple types of fabric and with no additional finishing process. Founded in 2003, Kornit Digital is a global company with offices in the USA, Asia Pacific and Europe and serves customers in more than 100 countries worldwide. For more information, visit Kornit Digital at www.kornit.com.

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The lipogenic enzyme fatty acid synthase (FAS) is up-regulated in a wide variety of cancers, and is considered a potential metabolic oncogene by virtue of its ability to enhance tumor cell survival. Inhibition of tumor FAS causes both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, indicating FAS is a promising target for cancer treatment. Here, we used gene expression profiling to conduct a global study of the cellular processes affected by siRNA mediated knockdown of FAS in MDA-MB-435 mammary carcinoma cells. The study identified 169 up-regulated genes (≥ 1.5 fold) and 110 down-regulated genes (≤ 0.67 fold) in response to knockdown of FAS. These genes regulate several aspects of tumor function, including metabolism, cell survival/proliferation, DNA replication/transcription, and protein degradation. Quantitative pathway analysis using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis software further revealed that the most pronounced effect of FAS knockdown was down-regulation in pathways that regulate lipid metabolism, glycolysis, the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. These changes were coupled with up-regulation in genes involved in cell cycle arrest and death receptor mediated apoptotic pathways. Together these findings reveal a wide network of pathways that are influenced in response to FAS knockdown and provide new insight into the role of this enzyme in tumor cell survival and proliferation. Up-regulation of fatty acid synthase (FAS), the enzyme responsible for the endogenous synthesis of palmitate, is increasingly recognized as a hallmark of cancer [1, 2]. While normal cells obtain most fatty acids from circulating lipids, tumor cells have developed an increased reliance on endogenous fatty acid synthesis to satisfy their metabolic needs [2]. This elevation of FAS occurs early in human cancer, is associated with aggressive forms of the disease, and is linked to poor prognosis [3–7]. Consequently, strategies to target FAS are becoming increasingly exploited as attractive approaches for cancer therapy. FAS is critically important for tumor cell survival and function; providing the necessary fatty acids for membrane formation and signal transduction [2]. The targeted knockdown of tumor FAS by small molecule inhibitors or small interfering RNA (siRNA) has been shown to induce both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cultured cells and suppresses tumor growth in xenograft bearing mice [8–13]. This anti-tumor activity is linked to increased expression of p27kip1 [9, 14] and decreased Akt phosphorylation [15]. FAS inhibition can also lead to the transcriptional suppression of the Her2/neu gene suggesting an active role for FAS in gene regulation [16]. However, detailed understanding of the regulatory mechanisms linking inhibition of FAS to these anti-tumor effects remains elusive. In the present study, we utilized siRNA, BeadArray technology, and pathway analysis to define the genome-wide changes that take place following knockdown of FAS (12–48 h). We have identified a core set of 279 genes representing the FAS knockdown signature in the MDA-MB-435 mammary carcinoma cell model. Functional classification of these target genes, combined with quantitative pathway analysis, revealed extensive changes in metabolism, cell survival/proliferation, DNA replication/transcription, and ubiquitin dependent protein degradation as a consequence of FAS inhibition. Taken together, our results provide a detailed overview of the anti-tumorigenic signaling network induced in tumor cells by the targeted knockdown of FAS. MDA-MB-435 mammary carcinoma cells were selected as the model for defining the FAS knockdown signature. For our experiment, four independent siRNA duplexes targeting FAS (FAS #1-#4) were chosen based on there ability to knockdown the enzyme and to induce tumor cell apoptosis after 72 h [17]. Inhibition of FAS by each duplex was verified using 25 nM of siRNA as demonstrated by a decrease in FAS mRNA, protein, and fatty acid biosynthesis after 48 h relative to non-silencing control siRNA (Figure 1a–c). The non-silencing control siRNA was selected based on minimal cross reactivity with known targets and had no impact on FAS expression or activity when compared against Lipofectamine 2000 transfection alone (data not shown). Gene expression profiles were examined on two separate occasions following transfection with FAS siRNA. Treatment times (12, 24, 36 and 48 h) were chosen to capture early and late gene changes associated with the block in cell cycle progression and the advent of apoptosis occurring in response to knockdown of FAS. Abrogation of FAS (>70%) was verified within 12 h of transfection and persisted throughout the 48 h experiment. Significant changes in cell viability were not observed 48 h post-transfection indicating cells were viable during the time of gene analysis (data not shown). FAS knockdown generates specific and time-dependent gene expression patterns. (a-c) Target mRNA, protein and fatty acid biosynthesis knockdown by FAS siRNA duplexes. MDA-MB-435 tumor cells were exposed to 25 nM of four different siRNA duplexes targeted against FAS (FAS #1-#4) or non-silencing control siRNA for 48 h. Efficiency of FAS knockdown was determined by measuring FAS mRNA (a), FAS protein (b) and fatty acid biosynthesis (c). β-tubulin served as a loading control for FAS protein expression. Values are the mean ± SE of two replicates per treatment. (d) Expression profile represents 279 genes differentially modified by 1.5 fold in response to knockdown of FAS (shown in hours on the X-axis). Horizontal lines represent the average expression of individual genes modified by at least 3 of the FAS siRNA duplexes. Red and green indicate increased and decreased expression, respectively, relative to non-silencing control siRNA. The first approach we used in analyzing the effect of knockdown of FAS on gene expression was to identify target genes modified by at least 3 of the siRNA duplexes. The expression signature of each FAS siRNA was determined by identifying genes significantly changed over the time course using MB statistics and two way ANOVA analysis. For each siRNA duplex only genes with a p-value ≤ 0.05 and at least 1.2 fold changes in both biological replicates at a given time point were maintained for expression analysis, and are published as supporting information online (see Additional Files 1, 2, 3, and 4). The FAS knockdown signature was defined as the overlap of significant gene changes occurring in response to at least 3 of the siRNA duplexes with an average gene expression change 1.5 fold that observed in controls. This allowed us to identify gene changes specifically associated with knockdown of FAS, while at the same time eliminate potential off-target effects unique to the individual siRNA sequences. Using this approach, we identified 279 genes whose expression changed in response to knockdown of FAS (169 genes up-regulated and 110 down-regulated; see Additional File 5). Alterations in gene expression occurred as early as 12 h after knockdown of FAS with the majority of genes affected by 24 h (Figure 1d). These results show that inactivation of FAS has a profound affect on gene transcription. Knockdown of FAS affected genes that regulate a variety of biological processes including cell proliferation, DNA replication, transcription and apoptosis (Table 1; see Additional File 5). We found that the abrogation of FAS enhanced the expression of several anti-proliferative genes including CCNG1, CDKN1A (p21cip 1), SPRY2 and SPRY4. This coincided with up-regulation of the cell surface apoptosis gene ANXA1, the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway gene APAF1, and the death receptors TNFRSF10B (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor) and TNFRSF21 (TNF-α receptor). In addition, results showed knockdown of FAS up-regulates SGPL1, a key enzyme in sphingosine-1-phosphate metabolism whose increased expression also leads to accumulation of the pro-apoptotic signaling molecule ceramide [18]. This finding is consistent with reports that FAS inhibition up-regulates ceramide synthesis, which has been found to be a necessary step leading to the induction of tumor cell apoptosis following the loss of FAS [17]. Selected FAS target genes involved in proliferation/apoptosis, metabolism, transcription and protein ubiquitination. The fold change values represent the average from at least 3 of the FAS siRNA duplexes compared to non-silencing control siRNA. Genes were classified using GO terminology from GeneSpring and the NCBI Nucleotide database. For detailed annotations of all 279 differentially expressed genes see Additional File 5. Several of the genes significantly altered by knockdown of FAS are known to play a role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Inactivation of FAS increased the expression of INSIG1, and the leptin receptors, LEPR and LEPROTL1, which block transcription, proteolytic cleavage and transcriptional activation of the sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) family of transcription factors that promote lipid biosynthesis (Table 1) [19, 20]. Additionally, loss of FAS led to down-regulation of ID2 and ID3, which are dominant negative helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins that bind SREBP 1c and functionally repress FAS promoter activity [21]. ID2 and ID3 also repress expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21cip1 [22, 23], thus, as expected the suppression of these genes in response to knockdown of FAS was coupled with up-regulation of the p21cip 1gene (Table 1). These data provide evidence of a direct link between regulation of FAS and control of cell cycle progression. Another important biological category affected by knockdown of FAS is regulation of protein ubiquitination (Table 1). We found that knockdown of FAS altered the expression of several E2 ubiquitin conjugation enzymes (2 up-regulated) and E3 ubiquitin ligases (4 down-regulated and 6 up-regulated) which function to target proteins for degradation by the proteosome [24]. In addition, we identified up-regulation of 2 splice variants of UBE2V1, which are catalytically inactive E2 enzymes [25]. UBE2V1 variants result from the co-transcription of UBE2V1 with the neighboring upstream gene, Kua, which shares sequence consensus to fatty acid hydrolases (variant 2, Kua-UEV fusion gene [GI_40806191-I]; variant 4, Kua gene [GI_40806192-I]). This targeting of ubiquitination enzymes indicates that the knockdown of FAS affects the tumor cell proteome not only through changes in transcription, but also on the post-translational level. The second approach we used to analyze the gene array results was to identify gene pathways coordinately up-regulated or down-regulated by knockdown of FAS using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). GSEA is a unique application that coordinates small changes in gene expression from a large number of functionally related genes in order to identify pathways that are significantly changed [26]. As expected, fatty acid metabolism (NES = -1.808, NOM p-val = 0.002, FDR q-val = 0.085) was significantly suppressed by knockdown of FAS (Figure 2). Fatty acid elongation (NES = -1.537, NOM p-val = 0.037, FDR q-val = 0.394) was also reduced, which is consistent with the loss of available palmitate. Down-regulation of metabolic pathways by targeted knockdown of FAS. The figure displays select pathways found to be down-regulated in response to FAS siRNA treatment compared to non-silencing control siRNA. Significance was determined using a nominal p-value < 0.05 or FDR < 0.250. The expression levels of the genes significantly modified in the pathway are coded colorimetrically: red, high expression; blue, low expression. FAS siRNA treatments for each time point are ordered as follows (a and b indicate different biological replicates): FAS #1a, FAS #1b, FAS #2a, FAS #2b, FAS #3a, FAS #3b, FAS #4a, FAS #4b. For a complete list of all pathways down-regulated by knockdown of FAS, see Additional File 6. The effects of knockdown of FAS on the expression of metabolic genes extended to pathways other than fatty acid metabolism (Figure 2). Inactivation of FAS down-regulated both the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis (NES = -1.560, NOM p-val = 0.029, FDR q-val = 0.377) and krebs-TCA cycle (NES = -1.737, NOM p-val = 0.014, FDR q-val = 0.094) pathways. Down-regulation of the krebs-TCA cycle was consistent with an overall suppression in mitochondrial genes involved in energy metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation (GO 005739; NES = -1.515, NOM p-val = 0.039, FDR q-val = 0.365). Furthermore, this down-regulation in genes regulating glucose utilization was coupled with a reduction in insulin signaling (NES = -1.635, NOM p-val = 0.005, FDR q-val = 0.280). This suggests that inhibition of FAS may restrict the ability of tumor cells to produce the energy necessary to thrive. The anti-tumorigenic effects of knockdown of FAS were traced to an up-regulation in genes that modify tumor proliferation (Figure 3). GSEA analysis showed that knockdown of FAS up-regulated genes involved in DNA damage signaling (NES = 1.809, NOM p-val = 0.000, FDR q-val = 0.068) and cell cycle arrest (NES = 1.504, NOM p-val = 0.036, FDR q-val = 0.163). Induction of cell cycle arrest was coupled with up-regulation of the p27 (NES = 1.582, NOM p-val = 0.009, FDR q-val = 0.128) and Rb (NES = 1.581, NOM p-val = 0.010, FDR q-val = 0.126) pathways consistent with our previous finding that FAS regulates the G1 checkpoint through these pathways [9]. Additionally, knockdown of FAS elevated the expression of several cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (p16INK4 (CDKN2A), p15INK4 (CDKN2B) and p21Cip 1) which function as negative regulators of the Rb pathway [27], demonstrating FAS induces a high degree of regulation over the G1/S transition (Figure 3). Results also showed that knockdown of FAS elevated genes involved in the G2 pathway including the checkpoint regulators CHEK2, WEE1 and PLK1 (Table 1; Figure 3). These data indicate that FAS controls tumor proliferation by regulating several aspects of the cell division cycle. Up-regulation of cell cycle arrest and cell death pathways in response to knockdown of FAS. The figure displays select pathways found to be up-regulated in response to FAS siRNA treatment compared to non-silencing control siRNA. Significance was determined using a nominal p-value < 0.05 or FDR < 0.250. The expression levels of the genes significantly modified in the pathway are coded colorimetrically: red, high expression; blue, low expression. FAS siRNA treatments for each time point are ordered as follows (a and b indicate different biological replicates): FAS #1a, FAS #1b, FAS #2a, FAS #2b, FAS #3a, FAS #3b, FAS #4a, FAS #4b. For a complete list of all pathways up-regulated by knockdown of FAS, see Additional File 7. The apoptotic effects of knockdown of FAS were recently shown to be blocked by co-treatment with the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk [28], suggesting a role for caspases in mediating FAS induced tumor cell death. Here, we found up-regulation of caspase 7 and caspase 8 (receptor-mediated apoptosis) in response to knockdown of FAS (Figure 3). This was accompanied by enhanced expression of pathways and genes that activate caspase 8 such as tumor necrosis factor (tnfr1, NES = 1.408, NOM p-val = 0.038, FDR q-val = 0.230; tnfr2, NES = 1.788, NOM p-val = 0.002, FDR q-val = 0.070; Figure 3). GSEA results also demonstrated compensatory up-regulation of NF-κB (NF-κB Induced, NES = 1.5, NOM p-val = 0.022, FDR q-val = 0.166) and the MAP kinase (NES = 1.539, NOM p-val = 0.016, FDR q-val = 0.133) survival pathways in line with previous reports (see Additional File 7; [14]). The present study provides a comprehensive overview of the genomic changes accompanying knockdown of tumor FAS. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating that targeted knockdown of a metabolic enzyme can influence overall energy producing pathways within the tumor cell. The major findings of this work are as follows: first, siRNA mediated knockdown of FAS affects the transcription of genes involved in tumor cell energy metabolism as demonstrated by down-regulation in lipid metabolism, glycolysis, krebs-TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. Second, we show that loss of FAS is anti-tumorigenic by up-regulating cell cycle arrest and death receptor mediated apoptosis pathways. Third, the inhibition of FAS leads to changes in genes that regulate transcription and ubiquitin-dependent protein degradation. Altogether, these findings provide novel insight into the cellular processes affected by knockdown of FAS in tumor cells. A vital assumption in siRNA-mediated gene silencing is that knockdown of the target gene is exclusive, and without off-target consequences. Yet, increasing evidence has suggested siRNA can induce off-target effects that are unique to the individual siRNA duplex, but unrelated to the identity of the target gene [29]. These siRNA duplex specific off-target effects are thought to arise from unintended sequence homology with the off-target transcript. In this study, we addressed the concern of potential siRNA off-target effects by examining gene expression signatures in response to four siRNA duplexes targeting different regions of the FAS gene and focused our analysis on the common gene changes that were associated with knockdown of the enzyme. This eliminated off-target effects and enabled us to study gene changes specifically associated with knockdown of FAS. Altogether, evidence supporting the role of FAS inhibition in inducing the described genomic effects is as follows: first, we showed that FAS siRNA strongly abrogates the expression of the FAS gene, reduces FAS protein levels and blocks the biosynthetic activity of the enzyme, as indicated by reduced [14C]malonyl-CoA incorporation into palmitate. Second, pathway analysis demonstrated that fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism are among the most significant pathways down-regulated in response to FAS siRNA. Third, up-regulation of the p27 and Rb gene pathways is consistent with our prior work showing knockdown of FAS elicits a G1/S arrest through these pathways [9]. We also found increased expression of the p21Cip 1gene which is up-regulated at the protein level in response to knockdown of FAS [14, 30]. Like p27, p21Cip1 acts as a negative regulator of the G1/S transition by inactivating the cyclin-dependent kinases that function to phosphorylate Rb and promote S phase entry [31]. Knockdown of FAS by siRNA or the small molecule inhibitor Orlistat induces apoptosis by activating caspase 8 (Knowles LM and Smith JW, unpublished observations). This is consistent with the current observation that siRNA targeting FAS up-regulates TNF-α and TRAIL death receptor mediated apoptosis pathways. In addition to TRAIL, cell death through FAS inhibition has also been linked to up-regulation of BNIP3 and DAP Kinase 2 [17]. These two proapoptotic genes were detected by microarray analysis 72 h after FAS inhibition, which explains why we did not observe similar changes as our study was limited to 48 h. A possible mechanism accounting for the ability of FAS inhibition to induce these apoptotic effects is the accumulation of ceramide, which has been shown to induce these death receptor pathways [32]. Ceramide accumulation is the result of malonyl-CoA build-up following inhibition of FAS [17]. Importantly, we have found that knockdown of FAS up-regulates SGPL1. Ceramide generation and promotion of cellular apoptosis have been observed in response to increased expression of SGPL1 [18], suggesting this enzyme may represent a leverage point by which knockdown of FAS influences ceramide production. In addition to changes in proliferation and survival, knockdown of FAS also suppresses genes in the glycolysis, krebs-TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation metabolic pathways suggesting an overall reduction in cellular energy metabolism. Consistent with the down-regulation of oxidative phosphorylation gene expression, Chajès et al. [33] report impaired mitochondrial function and generation of reactive oxygen species in response to FAS inhibition. Targeted inactivation of ATP citrate lyase, a lipogenic enzyme which functions immediately up-stream FAS, has the opposite effect by stimulating mitochondrial function [34]. This is interesting as we have found that knockdown of FAS, but not of ATP citrate lyase, induces apoptosis (Knowles LM and Smith JW, unpublished observations); raising the question of whether the changes in cell survival and metabolism are linked together. Indeed, growing evidence suggests TNF-α may influence metabolism, as it can induce the down-regulation of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation [35], inhibition of electron transport chain activity [36] and generation of reactive oxygen species [37]. Identifying whether induction of apoptosis and reduced energy metabolism are connected (via TNF-α or another molecular target) will be an important direction for future investigations, and may prove critical for understanding the anti-tumorigenic benefits of a knockdown in tumor FAS. The overall goal of our study was to define the regulatory changes that take place following inhibition of tumor FAS. To this end, we have identified a number of target genes specifically modified by knockdown of FAS. Of particular interest among these are the dominant negative HLH transcription repressors ID2 and ID3, which function to bind and inactivate the basic HLH family of transcription factors [38], and therefore, are recognized for their ability to block cell differentiation and promote proliferation [39]. Like FAS, ID over-expression correlates with tumor development in an array of cancers [40, 41], and knockdown of ID2/ID3 induces growth arrest and apoptosis [39, 42]. Our finding that knockdown of FAS leads to the suppression of transcripts encoding ID2 and ID3 provides evidence of a link between FAS and ID expression. This link is further supported by observations that ID2/ID3 proteins can also suppress FAS gene expression by inactivating the basic HLH transcription factor SREBP1 c that controls FAS expression [21]. Further characterization of the molecular interplay between FAS and ID is needed to more fully understand the role of these in tumorigenesis. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive database of genomic changes that occur in response to knockdown of FAS and confirms that FAS is central not only for tumor cell metabolism but also for tumor cell signaling. Further characterization of these signals on the protein level will offer a more complete understanding of the cellular targets and pathways affected by knockdown of FAS and may lead to new therapeutic strategies for tumor prevention and treatment. The MDA-MB-435 mammary tumor cell line was obtained from Janet Price at the University of Texas Southwestern. MDA-MB-435 cells were maintained in Minimum Essential Medium Eagle (MEM) with Earl's Salts (Mediatech, Inc., Herndon, VA, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Irvine Scientific, Santa Ana, CA, USA), 2 mM L-glutamine (Invitrogen Life Technologies, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA), MEM vitamins (Invitrogen Life Technologies, Inc.), nonessential amino acids (Mediatech, Inc.) and antibiotics (Omega Scientific, Inc., Tarzana, CA, USA). Cells were grown at 37°C under a humidified, 5% CO2 atmosphere. Four individual FAS siRNA sequences corresponding to 5'-GAGCGUAUCUGUGAGAAACUU-3' (nucleotides 6241–6259; FAS#1), 5'-GACGAGAGCACCUUUGAUGUU-3' (nucleotides 1741–1749; FAS#2), 5'-UGACAUCGUCCAUUCGUUUUU-3' (nucleotides 1758–1776; FAS#3), 5'-UGACAUCGUCCAUUCGUUUUU-3' (nucleotides 6236–6254; FAS#4) were designed and synthesized by Dharmacon (Lafayette, CO, USA). MDA-MB-435 cells were plated at 7.81 × 103 cells/cm2 in 10-cm2 plates and grown for 24 h prior to transfection with 25 nM FAS#1, FAS#2, FAS#3, FAS#4 or non-silencing control duplex #2 (D-001210-02) siRNA in Opti-MEM medium (Invitrogen) using Lipofectamine 2000 reagent (Invitrogen). After 5 h, transfection medium was replaced with normal culture medium and cells were grown for 12–48 h post-transfection. Total RNA was isolated from adherent cells using the Qiagen RNeasy kit (Qiagen, Inc, Valencia, CA, USA). Genomic DNA contamination was removed using RNase-Free DNase (Qiagen). RNA purity was assessed by A260/A280 absorption and RNA integrity was verified by agarose gel electrophoresis. cDNA was synthesized from 4 μg RNA using the Superscript III First-Strand Synthesis System (Invitrogen). Real-time quantitative PCR reactions were performed using Power SYBR® Green PCR Master Mix (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) on a Stratagene Mx3000p QPCR System (La Jolla, CA, USA). cDNA was amplified using forward and reverse primers for FAS (5'-AACTCCATGTTTGGTGTTTG-3' and 5'-CACATGCGGTTTAATTGTG-3') and normalized to the housekeeping gene P0 (5'CAAGACTGGAGACAAAGTGG-3' and 5'AATCTGCAGACAGACACTGG-3'). The formation of a single PCR product was verified using automated melting curve analysis. Adherent cell populations were lysed in 2× SDS sample buffer, separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred to nitrocellulose as previously described [9]. Membranes were probed for FAS and β-tubulin protein expressions using anti-FAS (BD Transduction Laboratories, San Jose, CA, USA) and anti-β-tubulin (Upstate Biotechnology, Lake Placid, NY, USA) antibodies. Immunoreactivity was detected using anti-mouse IgG conjugated peroxidase and visualized by enhanced chemiluminescence. FAS activity was determined by measuring the incorporation of [14C]malonyl-CoA into cellular fatty acids as previously described [9]. Briefly, MDA-MB-435 cells were lysed in 20 mM Tris (pH 7.5), 1 mM dithiothreitol, and 1 mM EDTA by sonication. Insoluble material was removed by centrifugation (14,000 rpm) for 15 min at 4°C. The resulting lysates (70 ug) were incubated in reaction buffer containing 500 μM NADPH, 166.6 μM acetyl CoA, 100 mM KCl and 0.4 μCi [14C]malonyl-CoA (GE Healthcare, Piscataway, NJ, USA) for 25 min at 37°C. Reactions were chased with 25 nM cold malonyl-CoA for 15 min and terminated by the addition of chloroform:methanol (1:1). The chloroform extract was dried under N2 and extracted with water-saturated butanol. The butanol extract was evaporated under N2, and labeled fatty acids were detected using a Beckman model LS 5000CE Scinillation Counter (Beckman Coulter, Inc., Fullerton, CA, USA). MDA-MB-435 cells were transfected with siRNA on two separate occasions to generate independent measurements for each treatment, and monitored for whole genome expression at 12 h intervals over a 48 h time period. Total RNA was isolated and examined for purity/integrity as described above. Labeled cRNA was prepared from 500 ng RNA using the Illumina® RNA Amplification Kit from Ambion (Austin, TX, USA). The labeled cRNA (1500 ng) was hybridized overnight at 55°C to the Sentrix® HumanRef-6 Expression BeadChip (>46,000 gene transcripts; Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. BeadChips were subsequently washed and developed with fluorolink streptavidin-Cy3 (GE Healthcare). BeadChips were scanned with an Illumina BeadArray Reader and hybridization efficiency was monitored using BeadStudio software (Illumina) to measure internal controls built into the Illumina system. Expression data was filtered to identify genes expressed on the BeadChip at >0.99 confidence (16,585 genes), and normalized per chip using non-linear Normalize.quantiles or VSN normalization to remove array to array variability (Bioconductor Project [43]). The efficiency of both normalization methods were validated by measuring gene to gene correlations across BeadChips according to the methods of Ploner et al. [44] using R 2.0.1 software (R Development Core Team, Vienna, Austria). Differentially expressed genes that changed over time in response to each of the four FAS siRNA duplex were identified using two independent methods. In the first method, per chip normalized Normalize.quantiles data was imported into the GeneSpring GX 7.3.1 software package (Agilent Technologies, Palo Alto, CA, USA), and per gene normalized to the appropriate biological control for each time point. Genes that significantly changed over time in response to each FAS siRNA duplex were compared against control using a two-way ANOVA with a Benjamini & Hochberg FDR of 0.05. In the second method, VSN normalized data was imported into the Bioconductor Timecourse package [43]. Genes regulated over time by each FAS siRNA duplex in both biological replicates were determined using mb. long() statistics, with an mb>0 used as criterion for the identification of significantly regulated genes. Genes identified as significant using these two complementary approaches were combined, and genes with a p-value ≤ 0.05 and with 1.2 fold changes in both the biological replicates of each duplex at a given time point, were maintained for expression analysis. Genes identified as significantly modified by each of the 4 FAS siRNA duplexes were then overlapped using venn diagrams to identify a set of genes modified by 3 or more of the siRNA treatments. Expression profiles of the core gene list were averaged, and genes modified by 1.5 fold were visually examined and ordered by hierarchical clustering using the Pearson Correlation similarity measurement (GeneSpring). For pathway analysis, data from the 16,585 genes expressed in MDA-MB-435 cells was exported from GeneSpring, filtered for duplicate symbols and analyzed using GSEA software (Broad Institute) according to published methods [26]. Briefly, data was overlapped on 522 gene sets (s2.symbols.gmt) downloaded with the GSEA package and measured for the enrichment of genes at the top or bottom of the gene list to determine their correlation with the gene set's phenotype. The GSEA parameters used included: metric for ranking genes, signal2noise; enrichment statistic, weighted; permutation type, phenotype; permutation number, 1000; and gene set size restrictions, 4 minimum, 500 maximum. Gene sets significantly modified by FAS siRNA treatment were identified using a nominal p-value < 0.05 and a multiple hypothesis testing FDR < 0.25. NES represents the enrichment of genes in the designated GSEA gene set, ranked according to the overrepresentation of genes at the top or bottom of the list, normalized to gene set size. We wish to thank Kang Liu from the Burnham Institute for Medical Research Microarray Facility for BeadChip hybridizations and Roy Williams for help with gene analysis. This work was supported by Department of Defense Grant W81XWH-04-1-0515, and National Institutes of Heath Grant R01 CA108959 (to J.W.S.). 12864_2006_881_MOESM1_ESM.xls Additional file 1: Genes significantly modified by FAS siRNA duplex #1 (≥1.2 or ≤0.83 fold). The fold change values represent the average from 2 replicates of FAS siRNA duplex #1 compared to non-silencing control siRNA. Significance was determined using a p-value of < 0.05, with a 1.2 fold change cutoff for both biological replicates at a given time point. (XLS 328 KB) 12864_2006_881_MOESM2_ESM.xls Additional file 2: Genes significantly modified by FAS siRNA duplex #2 (≥1.2 or ≤0.83 fold). The fold change values represent the average from 2 replicates of FAS siRNA duplex #2 compared to non-silencing control siRNA. Significance was determined using a p-value of < 0.05, with a 1.2 fold change cutoff for both biological replicates at a given time point. (XLS 372 KB) 12864_2006_881_MOESM3_ESM.xls Additional file 3: Genes significantly modified by FAS siRNA duplex #3 (≥1.2 or ≤0.83 fold). The fold change values represent the average from 2 replicates of FAS siRNA duplex #3 compared to non-silencing control siRNA. Significance was determined using a p-value of < 0.05, with a 1.2 fold change cutoff for both biological replicates at a given time point. (XLS 404 KB) 12864_2006_881_MOESM4_ESM.xls Additional file 4: Genes significantly modified by FAS siRNA duplex #4 (≥1.2 or ≤0.83 fold). The fold change values represent the average from 2 replicates of FAS siRNA duplex #4 compared to non-silencing control siRNA. Significance was determined using a p-value of < 0.05, with a 1.2 fold change cutoff for both biological replicates at a given time point. (XLS 382 KB) 12864_2006_881_MOESM6_ESM.xls Additional file 6: GSEA pathways down-regulated in response to knockdown of FAS. The table displays all pathways found to be down-regulated in response to FAS siRNA treatment compared to non-silencing control siRNA. Significance was determined using a nominal p-value < 0.05 or FDR < 0.250. (XLS 17 KB) 12864_2006_881_MOESM7_ESM.xls Additional file 7: GSEA pathways up-regulated in response to knockdown of FAS. The table displays all pathways found to be up-regulated in response to FAS siRNA treatment compared to non-silencing control siRNA. Significance was determined using a nominal p-value < 0.05 or FDR < 0.250. (XLS 24 KB) JS and LK conceived and designed the study. LK carried out the siRNA transfections, validated target knockdown, and prepared RNA for BeadArray expression profiling, performed data analysis and drafted the manuscript. JS supervised the coordination of the study and participated in manuscript preparation. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. A compact VEGF signature associated with distant metastases and poor outcomes | BMC Medicine | Full Text Tumor metastases pose the greatest threat to a patient's survival, and thus, understanding the biology of disseminated cancer cells is critical for developing effective therapies. Microarrays and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze primary breast tumors, regional (lymph node) metastases, and distant metastases in order to identify biological features associated with distant metastases. When compared with each other, primary tumors and regional metastases showed statistically indistinguishable gene expression patterns. Supervised analyses comparing patients with distant metastases versus primary tumors or regional metastases showed that the distant metastases were distinct and distinguished by the lack of expression of fibroblast/mesenchymal genes, and by the high expression of a 13-gene profile (that is, the 'vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) profile') that included VEGF, ANGPTL4, ADM and the monocarboxylic acid transporter SLC16A3. At least 8 out of 13 of these genes contained HIF1α binding sites, many are known to be HIF1α-regulated, and expression of the VEGF profile correlated with HIF1α IHC positivity. The VEGF profile also showed prognostic significance on tests of sets of patients with breast and lung cancer and glioblastomas, and was an independent predictor of outcomes in primary breast cancers when tested in models that contained other prognostic gene expression profiles and clinical variables. These data identify a compact in vivo hypoxia signature that tends to be present in distant metastasis samples, and which portends a poor outcome in multiple tumor types. This signature suggests that the response to hypoxia includes the ability to promote new blood and lymphatic vessel formation, and that the dual targeting of multiple cell types and pathways will be needed to prevent metastatic spread. Metastases are the main cause of mortality for patients with breast cancer. The molecular biology behind metastasis is complex and likely requires changes in cell cycle regulation [1], the repertoire of expressed proteases and protease inhibitors [2], proteins that promote autocrine growth loops, and/or proteins that cause an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition [3]. To make matters more complicated, it is clear that metastasis biology is in part governed by non-tumor cells including fibroblasts [4], endothelial cells [5], and myoepithelial cells [6]. For example, recent evidence suggests that tumor endothelial cell interactions are important for determining patient outcomes as evidenced by the promising results from clinical trials that use bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [7, 8]. Genomic profiling of human tumors and model systems has identified important features concerning metastasis biology. First, it has been shown that the expression profile of primary tumors without metastases can be highly predictive of the development of future metastases [9–13]. Second, cell lines can be selected that have specific end-organ tropisms with distinct expression profiles [14, 15]. Finally, cell line and murine models have demonstrated many different genes as being important for breast tumor metastasis, including Twist [16], Snail [3], and CXCL12 [17]. In this paper, we compare primary breast tumors, regional metastases, and distant metastases with each other and show that distant metastasis samples are distinct and provide unique signatures that predict poor outcomes in primary tumors. One hundred and forty-six patients represented by 161 breast tumor specimens (with 23 paired tumor samples) and 10 normal breast samples (195 total microarrays) were profiled. Most of these samples appeared in previous publications [18–20], with 39 being new to this study, and all of which were collected using institutional review board-approved protocols. The clinical information for all samples is in the table in Additional file 1. Included within the 161 profiled tumors were 134 primary tumors, nine regional metastases and 18 distant metastases. Patients were heterogeneously treated in accordance with the standard of care dictated by their disease stage, estrogen receptor (ER) and HER2 status. Total RNA isolation and microarray protocols are described in Hu et al [21]. Each sample was assayed versus a common reference sample [22]. The microarrays used were Agilent Human oligonucleotide microarrays that were scanned on an Axon GenePix 4000B, analyzed with GenePix Pro 4.1, and Lowess normalized. All microarray data have been deposited into the GEO under the accession number of GSE3521. The background-subtracted, Lowess-normalized log2 ratio of Cy5 over Cy3 intensity values were filtered to select genes that had a signal intensity of > 30 units in both the Cy5 and Cy3 channels. Only genes that met these criteria in at least 70% of the 195 microarrays were included for subsequent analysis. Next, each patient was classified according to the following metastasis scoring system (MetScore): MetScore = 1 were patients that had a primary tumor and were clinically node negative (N = 0) and distant metastasis negative (M = 0); MetScore = 2 were patients that had a regional metastasis (N = 1–3) and no distant metastasis (M = 0); MetScore = 3 were patients with confirmed distant disease at the time of diagnosis (M = 1 and any N) or that were represented by an actual distant metastasis sample. We next performed a multi-class significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) using a single sample from each patient, biasing the sample selection to use the actual regional or distant metastasis samples (146 arrays, see Additional file 1). We identified the gene set that was associated with the MetScore 1-2-3 distinction, which gave 1195 genes at a false discovery rate of 5%. This gene set was next used in a one-way average linkage hierarchical cluster using the program 'Cluster' [23], with the data being displayed relative to the median expression for each gene using 'Java Treeview' [24]. Relationships between the gene expression data and the MetScore classification was further examined using a 10-fold cross-validation (CV) analysis to identify a set of genes that might distinguish a MetScore group from the others. 10-fold CV using five different statistical predictors including PAM [25], a k-nearest neighbor classifier with either Euclidean distance or one-minus-Spearman-correlation as the distance function, and a class nearest centroid metric with either Euclidean distance or one-minus-Spearman-correlation as the distance function, were used as described in Chung et al [26]. We performed 10-fold CV using the five different statistical predictors with the reported CV prediction accuracies being the average of the five predictors (Tables 1, 2, 3 and 4). Cox proportional hazards models for relapse-free survival using the NKI 295 patient test data set – model containing the clinical variables and the VEGF-profile as a continuous variable For the VEGF profile, an average expression value across all 13 genes (RRAGD, FABP5, UCHL1, GAL, PLOD, DDIT4, VEGF, ADM, ANGPTL4, NDRG1, NP, SLC16A3 and C14ORF58) was determined and the patients were placed into a three-group classification based their 13-gene average log2 expression ratio from the University of North Carolina (UNC) training data set and using the cut off values (-0.63/0.08) that were identified using X-tile [27] and relapse-free survival as the endpoint. Analyses using the VEGF profile and the training set cutoffs were also applied to an independent test set of 295 patients assayed on Agilent microarrays (that is, NKI295 [28]), to a set of lung carcinoma samples from Bhattacharjee et al [29], and to the glioblastoma sample set from Nutt et al [30]. To perform these across-data set analyses, for the NKI295 dataset we used the log ratio of red channel intensity versus green channel intensity and the data was median centered for every gene across the 295 arrays. The Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI) dataset was then distant weight discrimination (DWD) normalized [31] with the UNC training dataset after collapsing by NCBI Entrez GeneID; after DWD normalization, the NKI data was also column standardized. For the Affymetrix datasets the probe level intensity .CEL files were processed by robust multi-chip average. The probe sets' log intensity was median centered for every gene across all the arrays. The Affymetrix datasets were also DWD normalized relative to the UNC training data after collapsing by NCBI Entrez GeneID, and were column standardized. First, each sample was assigned an 'intrinsic subtype' as described in Hu et al [18], where a centroid was created for each of the following intrinsic subtypes: Basal-like, Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-enriched and Normal-like. Next, we tested for associations between a tumor's intrinsic subtype, the VEGF profile and other published expression profiles implicated in metastasis biology that included a) the 70-gene outcome predictor developed by van't Veer et al [10, 11], b) the 'wound-response' profile [32], c) the hypoxia-induced cell line signature [33], d) the 11-gene BMI/stem cell signature [34], e) a bone metastasis signature [14], f) a lung metastasis signature [15], and g) the expression profiles of HIF1α, Snail [3] and Twist [16]; we extracted as many genes as was possible from our microarrays for each predictor and followed the classification scheme described by the authors. For the bone metastasis signature [14], we created an average value for each patient using the 43 genes that were highly expressed in the cell line derivatives that metastasized to the bone; we performed a similar analysis for the lung metastasis signature [15]. Lastly, for the 11-gene stem cell signature [34], we created an average value across all 11 genes. We also created a 'glycolysis-profile' by starting with the nine glycolysis genes/probes present on the array, then filtering for probes that showed > 30 intensity units in both channels, and then selecting for 70% good data across all samples; next we selected the subset of glycolysis gene probes that passed filtering and showed a Pearson correlation of greater than 0.4, which resulted in the selection of six out of nine glycolysis genes (GPI, PKM2, PFKP, PGK1, GAPD, ENO1), which were then used to create an average profile for each patient. We examined correlations between profiles using multiple methods (Additional file 1): for quantized profile testing, Chi-squared analysis and Fischer's exact test were used. For continuous variable testing, ANOVA analyses were performed. Finally, we also performed a calculation of the Cramer's V statistic for the evaluation of the strength of association between two quantized variables (see Oh et al [19]). Univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed with a log-rank test using WinSTAT for excel. Multivariate analysis of the NKI295 test set using Cox proportional hazards modeling was conducted in SAS version 9.1; a Cox hazard model was tested that included estrogen receptor status (coded as positive vs. negative), tumor size (coded as ≤ 2 cm vs. > 2 cm), lymph node status (codes as 0, 1–3, > 3 positive nodes or M = 1), age (continuous variable, formatted in decades), grade (coded as grade 1 vs. 2, and grade 1 vs. 3), and treatment (coded as yes if treatment with chemo and/or hormonal therapy, no if no adjuvant therapy was given), and the VEGF profile of low, intermediate or high as a single categorical variable. Another Cox model was also tested that included all the clinical variables, the VEGF profile, and other expression predictors [11, 13, 18, 19, 28, 35]. In situ hybridization (ISH) on tissue microarrays containing 250 different human breast tumors (not related to the 146 patients used for microarray analysis) was performed as previously described [36]. Briefly, digoxigenin (DIG)-labeled sense and anti-sense RNA probes are generated by PCR amplification of approximately 450 bp products with the T7 promoter incorporated into the primers; the primer sequences used for amplification were VEGF (Forward-tctccctgatcggtgacagt, Reverse-tcgaaaaactgcactagagacaa), ANGPTL4 (Forward: gggaatcttctggaagacctg, Reverse-tacacacaacagcaccagca) and ADM (Forward-gtgtttgccaggcttaagga, Reverse-tcggtgtttccttcttccac). In vitro transcription was performed with a DIG RNA-labeling kit and T7 polymerase according to the manufacturer's protocol (Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed for HIF1α using Mouse Anti-Human HIF1α (BD Biosciences #610958) according to the protocol from Vleugel et al [37]; the tumors were scored for perinecrotic and diffuse staining as described in Vleugel et al. To identify gene expression patterns associated with breast cancer metastases, we performed 195 microarrays representing 134 primary tumors, nine regional metastases and 18 distant metastasis specimens (146 different patients and 10 normal breast tissues). Each patient was classified according to a MetScore, which is roughly analogous to stage except that tumor size was not considered (see Methods). As expected, this scoring system was highly predictive of patient outcomes (Figure 1A and 1B). Using the MetScore classifications, we performed CV analyses to determine if any MetScore group might be distinct relative to the others. Low accuracy rates (56% to 65%) for the prediction of MetScore 1 vs. MetScore 2 specimens were observed; however, when MetScore 1 vs. MetScore 3 (80% to 85%) or MetScore 2 vs. MetScore 3 samples (81% to 83%) were compared, high accuracy rates were obtained, which suggests that MetScore 3 was the most distinct group. Next, we performed a multi-class significance analysis of microarray [38] analysis using a single sample from each of the 146 patients and the MetScore 1-2-3 grouping and obtained a 1195 genes at a 5% false discovery rate. This gene set was then used in a one-way average linkage hierarchical clustering analysis (Figure 2 and Additional file 2) where the samples were first ordered according to MetScore, and then according to their correlation to the average profile (that is, centroid) of the MetScore 3 class. This analysis demonstrates that some MetScore 1 and 2 samples actually have a MetScore 3 profile; a similar result has been shown before by Ramaswamy et al [9]. One-way average linkage hierarchical cluster analysis. One-way average linkage hierarchical cluster analysis of the gene set associated with MetScore status. One hundred and ninety-five microarrays, representing 146 tumors and 10 normal breast samples were analyzed using the 1195 gene MetScore gene set. Overview of the complete cluster diagram (the full cluster diagram can be found as Additional file 2). The tumors were ordered according to their MetScore, and then according to their increasing correlation to the Metscore3 centroid within each group. Clinical regional node status, distant metastasis status, ER, PR, and intrinsic subtype are shown. A) FOS-JUN gene expression cluster, B) fibroblast/mesenchymal cell cluster, C) CXCL12 gene expression cluster, D), immune-cell/HLA cluster, E) VEGF profile. The gene expression patterns from this SAM analysis were complex and there were few, if any, that directly correlated with a simple progression from MetScore 1 to 2 to 3. Included within this gene set were many clusters and/or gene sets that have been identified previously, including a luminal/ER+ pattern [11, 39, 40] and a proliferation signature [41, 42], both of which are integral parts of a gene expression assay that predicts the likelihood of recurrence in ER+ and patients treated with tamoxifen [13]. In addition, many other biologically important gene sets were identified, including an 'immediate early' gene cluster containing c-FOS and JUNB (Figure 2A) [43], a set of fibroblast genes containing PLAU, THSB2 and multiple collagen genes (Figure 2B), a set of immune cell genes (Figure 2D), and a gene set containing CXCL12 (Figure 2C); CXCL12 was the top-ranked gene from this SAM analysis and was recently identified as a chemokine whose high expression promotes tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion [17]. Analysis of these individual clusters by EASE [44], with both EASE score and Bonferroni < 0.05 used as the cut off, identified many significant gene ontology categories that included 'transcription regulation' and 'DNA/nucleic acid binding' for the FOS-JUN cluster, while the fibroblast cluster was over-represented for 'extracellular matrix', 'cell adhesion and communication', 'organogenesis', 'development', and 'regulation of protease activity'. The CXCL12 cluster was over-represented for 'cell adhesion', 'cell migration' and 'extracellular matrix'. Lastly, a small 13-gene cluster containing VEGF, Adrenomedulin (ADM) and Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) was identified as the 'VEGF-profile' (Figure 2E), which is discussed below in greater detail. Our previous work identified five 'intrinsic' subtypes of breast cancer that are of prognostic and predictive value [18, 41, 45]. Subtype classification of the tumors using the centroid predictor from Hu et al [18] showed significant outcome predictions (Figure 1C and 1D). A Chi-squared test (p = 0.0006) showed that intrinsic subtype was significantly correlated with MetScore, with the Basal-like and HER2-enriched groups being the most frequent in MetScore 3 and with no Luminal A samples being in the MetScore 3 group. Correlations between tumor subtype and stage have been described [46, 47], and were recapitulated here. A small cluster of genes containing VEGF was identified (Figure 2E) that showed high expression in MetScore 3 tumors. This gene cluster contained several secreted proteins that have been implicated in endothelial cell (VEGF and ANGPTL4), lymphatic cell (ADM) and smooth muscle cell (GAL) dynamics. As a step in evaluating this profile, we performed ISH to determine what cell type was producing VEGF, ANGPTL4 and ADM. In the vast majority of cases that showed strong ISH positivity (which totaled approximately 10% of the 250 tumors tested), it was the tumor cells themselves that produced the mRNA for these three genes, and typically all three were produced (Figure 3). In a few cases, both tumor and fibroblasts showed ISH positivity, but this was rare. As a second step in the evaluation of the VEGF profile, we created an average expression ratio of the 13 genes for each patient and looked for correlations with outcome. By dividing the patients into low, intermediate and high-expression groups using relapse-free survival (RFS) and cutoffs determined by X-tile [27], we saw that the VEGF profile was prognostic of RFS (Figure 4A) and overall survival (data not shown) with the high expression portending a poor outcome. Rank order expression classifications (two or three groups) were also robust methods of predicting outcomes (Additional file 3). Applying the VEGF profile classification rules to an independent test set of 295 patients (that is, NKI295) [10, 28] also significantly predicted outcomes (Figure 4B), as did rank order classifications (Additional file 3). This classification rule was also of prognostic value on a set of lung carcinoma samples (Figure 4C and Additional file 3E and 3F), although there were too few 'low' samples to be included into the Kaplan-Meier plot analysis, and on a set of patients with glioblastoma (Figure 4D and Additional file 3G and 3H); we noted that two genes (ANGPTL4 and C14ORF58) were not found on the Affymetrix platform for lung and glioblastoma test data sets. However, the Pearson correlation is 0.992 (UNC training dataset) and 0.986 (NKI295 test dataset) respectively between the average of the 13 genes and that of the 11 genes (omitting ANGPTL4 and C14ORF58). We repeated the survival analysis for the UNC dataset and NKI test set again using the 11 genes and the results were very similar (data not shown). A multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis on the NKI295 test set using RFS was performed using clinical variables and the VEGF profile, and it was determined that the VEGF profile was a significant predictor of RFS (Table 1). In Fan et al [48], we evaluated the prognostic powers and concordance across multiple expression predictors including the intrinsic subtypes, the NKI 70 gene signature, a microarray-based version of the Genomic Health Inc. Recurrence Score, and the wound-response profile using this same NKI patient data set, and we have also identified other profiles of prognostic significance including an estrogen pathway [19] and p53 mutation profiles [35]; therefore, we performed a Cox proportional hazards analysis (Table 2) with backwards variable selection (Table 3) to evaluate a model that contained all of the aforementioned gene expression predictors and clinical variables. The final model contained both clinical parameters and multiple gene expression predictors including the VEGF profile (Table 3). Similar results were obtained when using time to distant metastasis formation, or overall survival (data not shown), or when treating the VEGF profile as a continuous variable (Table 4). A biological implication of the VEGF profile is that it is related to a tumor's response to hypoxic conditions, which historically has been referred to as the Warburg effect [49, 50]. A central tenant of the Warburg effect is that a tumor's metabolism becomes more dependent upon glycolysis due to anaerobic conditions. To examine glycolysis using a genomic approach, we created a 'glycolysis-profile' using the six most highly correlated glycolytic enzyme probes (GPI, PKM2, PFKP, PGK1, GAPD, ENO1, Figure 5A); the VEGF profile and the six best glycolysis probes were highly correlated (p < 0.001, Table 5). VEGF profile, glycolysis and HIF1α gene expression analyses. A) Gene expression for the VEGF profile (plus average values), for the six glycolysis genes and glycolysis centroid, HIF1α and fibroblast centroids are shown across the 146 patient UNC training data set with the tumors ordered according to their VEGF profile average values. B) Similar analysis as presented in A except the data set is the NKI patient test set. HIF1α is a known regulator of VEGF expression, and therefore we determined that HIF1α mRNA gene expression was correlated with the VEGF profile (p = 0.0004; Table 5); in addition, 'perinecrotic' HIF1α IHC staining as defined by Vleugel et al [37] was also assayed on a subset of 66 of these tumors and was correlated with expression of the VEGF profile (ANOVA p-value = 0.018, data not shown), while a 'diffuse' HIF1α IHC profile was not. Next, the promoter region of each of the genes in the VEGF profile was examined using the program rVISTA [51] and showed that DDIT4, VEGF, NDRG1, SLC16A3, PLOD, ADM, ANGPTL4 and C14ORF58 all had hypoxia response elements within 2000 bp upstream of their start codons; it is already known that many of these genes including VEGF [52], ADM [53], and DDIT4 [54] are HIF1α-regulated. Nearly identical genomic results were also obtained from the NKI295 test set (Figure 5B). A fibroblast/mesenchymal signature was another profile that changed with MetScore (Figure 2B), and thus to examine the potential fibroblast cell content present within each MetScore group we determined each patient's average expression value of the genes contained with the cluster presented in Figure 2B. This gene set contains fibrillin, fibroblast activation protein alpha, six collagen protein subunits and versican, which are genes and/or proteins that are typically produced by fibroblast and/or mesenchymal cells [55]. This analysis shows that the fibroblast profile is correlated with intrinsic subtype (Table 5, p = 0.012) and that the MetScore 3 samples had the lowest average expression compared with the MetScore 1 and 2 samples (ANOVA p-value = 0.005, data not shown). Pathological examination of H&E sections of the distant metastasis samples also supports this conclusion and shows scant admixed mesenchymal cells in the distant metastasis samples versus their primaries that show abundant admixed mesenchymal cells (Figure 6). H&E images of a primary breast tumor taken from a MetScore 3 patient. Showing a prominent admixed stromal component comprised of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the primary tumor. The fibroblast/myofibroblast component is markedly diminished in the distant metastatic sites (B and C) as compared with the primary tumor (A). Magnification 200×. We examined whether the intrinsic subtypes, the MetScore classification, and the VEGF signature correlated with any of the following expression profiles that have been associated with metastatic potential: a) the NKI 70-gene predictor [10, 11], b) the 'wound-response' profile [32], c) a cell line-derived hypoxia profile [33], d) an 11-gene BMI/stem cell signature [34], e) a bone metastasis signature [14], f) a lung metastasis signature [15], g) a hypoxia metagene [56], and h) the expression profile of three individual genes (HIF1α, Snail [3], and Twist [16]). These analyses identified a large amount of concordance across profiles (Table 5). For example, the breast tumor subtype was significantly correlated with the bone and lung profiles, Snail expression, and the 11-gene stem cell signature; in particular, the bone and lung profiles were associated with both ER-negative subtypes (Basal-like and HER2-enriched), and Snail expression and the 11-gene stem cell signature were the highest within the Basal-like subtype. Similar results were also observed when the VEGF profile was compared with the other profiles. Two 'hypoxia signatures' have been described and shown to be of prognostic value across a variety of tumor types including breast [33, 56]; the large signature of Chi et al [38] showed a four-gene overlap with the VEGF profile (ADM, NDRG1, DDIT4 and ANGPLT4) while the 'hypoxia-metagene' of Winter et al [56] showed a three-gene overlap (VEGF, NDRG1 and ANGPLT4); as might be expected, all three of these profiles were correlated (Table 5, p < 0.0001). We took a genomics approach to study metastasis biology and classified patients with breast cancer according to the presence and location of their metastases (that is, MetScore). The resulting analyses showed that the most distinct group with the most distinguishing features were the distant metastases; few differences were seen between primary tumors and regional metastases, as has been shown before [57]. When the set of genes that were correlated with MetScore was determined, many previously known gene sets were identified including proliferation [58], ER status [11, 39, 40], and fibroblast and/or mesenchymal genes [55, 59]. Notable distant metastasis features included the low expression of fibroblast genes (and a corresponding paucity of fibroblasts as defined by histological examination) and the high expression of the VEGF profile. The VEGF profile represents a in vivo defined gene expression program that includes a combination of cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors. The cell-extrinsic factors have known roles as inducers of endothelial cell growth (VEGF and ANGPTL4), inducers of lymphatic vessel growth (ADM) [60], and smooth muscle cell dynamics (GAL); thus, the expression of this gene set would appear to increase the likelihood of tumor survival by causing de novo vessel formation and providing a dual conduit for metastatic spread. The cell-intrinsic factors include the high expression of SLC16A3, whose function is to efflux the lactic acid out of the cell that occurs during high glycolytic activity, and the expression of NDRG1, which is a known hypoxia-inducible gene [61, 62]. In addition, the tumors that highly express the VEGF profile also highly express glycolytic enzymes. In total, our data suggests poor-outcome distant metastasis samples have the intrinsic ability to promote vessel formation, the intrinsic ability to live under anaerobic conditions, and have lost dependence upon fibroblasts. Many genomic profiles for breast tumor metastasis biology have been identified, and we therefore compared them with each other and determined that significant correlations exist. In particular, all metastasis profiles tested correlated with 'intrinsic subtype'. For example, the Basal-like subtype showed significant correlation with the 11-gene stem cell profile, the lung and the bone metastasis profiles (consistent with these observations, one of the MetScore 3 Basal-like patients had distant metastases present in the bone, lung and liver). The Basal-like subtype also showed high expression of Snail, and Basal-like tumors have been shown to have other features of epithelial-mesenchymal transition [63] including vimentin expression [64]. The VEGF profile showed very significant prognostic value when using primary tumors, even when tested in models that contained many other expression predictors and clinical variables. We also believe it possible that the VEGF profile may have predictive value for angiogenesis inhibitors because it contains VEGF and ANGPTL4, which are inducers of angiogenesis. How, or if, the VEGF profile is correlated with response to angiogenesis inhibitors remains to be determined; however, our profile does suggests that effective anti-angiogenesis therapies for patients who express this profile may need to extend beyond VEGF to include the simultaneous targeting of ANGPTL4 and/or ADM. We thank J. Chuck Harrell for reviewing this manuscript. This work was supported by funds for CMP from the NCI Breast SPORE program to UNC-CH (P50-CA58223-09A1), by NCI (RO1-CA-101227-01), by the Breast Cancer Research Foundation and by the V Foundation for Cancer Research. LAC was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health (M01RR00046), and OIO was supported by a Disparities Center Project Grant NIEHS P50 ES012382. CMP and ZH have filed a patent application for the use of the VEGF profile for breast cancer prognosis. ZH, CF, XH, CL, DSO, SS, RW, FI and CMP made substantial contributions to the concepts, acquisition and analysis of the data. ZH, DSO, MGE, LAC, OIO, MVDR and CMP contributed significantly to the drafting of the manuscript and its intellectual content. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript. Dengue is emerging as one of the most abundant vector-borne disease globally. Although the majority of infections are asymptomatic or result in only a brief systemic viral illness, a small proportion of patients develop potentially fatal complications. These severe manifestations, including a unique plasma leakage syndrome, a coagulopathy sometimes accompanied by bleeding, and organ impairment, occur relatively late in the disease course, presenting a window of opportunity to identify the group of patients likely to progress to these complications. However, as yet, differentiating this group from the thousands of milder cases seen each day during outbreaks remains challenging, and simple and inexpensive strategies are urgently needed in order to improve case management and to facilitate appropriate use of limited resources. This review will cover the current understanding of the risk factors associated with poor outcome in dengue. We focus particularly on the clinical features of the disease and on conventional investigations that are usually accessible in mid-level healthcare facilities in endemic areas, and then discuss a variety of viral, immunological and vascular biomarkers that have the potential to improve risk prediction. We conclude with a description of several novel methods of assessing vascular function and intravascular volume status non-invasively. Dengue is the most important arboviral infection affecting humans, and presents a major challenge for public health services worldwide. Infection can be caused by any of four dengue virus serotypes (DENV1 to 4), transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Over half the world’s population is thought to live in areas at risk for transmission, and recent estimates suggest that around 400 million infections occur annually, of which 100 million are clinically apparent [1]. The clinical phenotype varies from a mild self-limiting febrile illness through to severe and occasionally life-threatening disease. Symptomatic disease typically follows three phases: an initial febrile phase lasting 3 to 7 days; a critical phase around defervescence, during which complications appear in a small proportion of patients; and a spontaneous recovery phase. Complications primarily affect the vascular system, and include an unusual plasma leakage syndrome that may result in hypovolaemic shock - the potentially fatal dengue shock syndrome (DSS); a coagulopathy sometimes accompanied by bleeding; and organ impairment [2]. Because these severe manifestations occur relatively late in the disease course, often when the infecting virus is no longer detectable in plasma, immune-mediated mechanisms are postulated to play a significant role in pathogenesis [3]. Currently no vaccine is available, and neither antiviral drugs nor immunomodulatory agents have been shown to be effective in reducing morbidity or improving disease outcome [4]-[7]. However, with good supportive care (primarily judicious use of parenteral fluid therapy to offset plasma volume losses due to leakage), mortality rates of less than 1% are possible even among DSS cases [8],[9]. Although the vast majority of symptomatic infections do not progress to severe disease, areas of high dengue transmission can have seasonal epidemics, which can quickly overwhelm health service capacity. Thus, the ability to identify patients at high risk of progression, who are likely to benefit from close observation and early intervention with supportive therapy, has become the focus of intense research efforts in recent years. In 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) revised the classification system for dengue, defining two major entities - dengue and severe dengue - to replace the more complicated dengue fever/dengue haemorrhagic fever (DF/DHF) system used previously [10]. The new classification also encompasses a set of `warning signs’ intended to help clinicians identify patients likely to develop complications during the critical phase of the illness (Figure 1). These signs and symptoms were derived in part from a dataset describing almost 2,000 patients with dengue across Asia and Latin America, but owing to the small number of patients progressing to severe disease during the study, further work is needed to validate the findings [11]. Dengue disease phases and potential complications. Reproduced, with permission of the publisher, from the WHO publication [12] (Figure 2.1; p. 25). This review will focus on the current knowledge of factors associated with disease progression, either considered in terms of DHF/DSS or dengue with warning signs/severe dengue. We concentrate first on readily accessible parameters, that is, the clinical features of the disease and the conventional investigations available in most mid-level healthcare facilities, before discussing a variety of potential viral, immunological and vascular biomarkers that have been proposed. Finally we conclude by describing a number of novel non-invasive methods of assessing vascular function or intravascular volume status, and consider their potential relevance for dengue. Epidemiological studies have identified a number of risk factors for more severe dengue disease, including secondary infection [13], the two extremes of age [14],[15], pregnancy [16], under-nutrition and over-nutrition [17], and the presence of comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension in adults [18]. Male patients are often overrepresented in dengue epidemics, but female sex has been associated with more severe disease [19]-[21]. Several groups have attempted to identify the clinical symptoms and signs occurring during the acute illness that are associated with outcome. In a prospective study of 700 Vietnamese children with confirmed dengue, gastrointestinal symptoms and hepatomegaly were more prominent among those classified as having DHF, and a peak haematocrit above 50% was associated with DSS [22]. Clinical bleeding manifestations are highly variable, although skin petechiae are commonly observed across the severity spectrum, and the tourniquet test, one of the original diagnostic criteria for DHF, has been shown to differentiate poorly between DF and DHF [23],[24]. In Singapore, where dengue is predominantly an adult disease, a decision tree involving clinical bleeding, high serum urea, low serum protein and low lymphocyte proportion was developed to predict likely progression to DHF among hospitalised patients; sensitivity and negative predictive value were high, but specificity was poor [25]. The decision tree was subsequently validated in another Singaporean cohort, and has been suggested as a tool to guide triage of patients who require hospitalisation versus outpatient treatment [26]. A number of haematological parameters have been considered as potential predictors, most commonly the platelet count [27]. Platelet counts tend to fall over the illness course, reaching a nadir shortly after defervescence, before demonstrating a rapid recovery response [28]. Lower counts (<50× 109/l; normal range 150 to 400 × 109/l) are seen more frequently in severe disease [29], and are considered a risk factor for bleeding [30]. However, the correlation between thrombocytopenia and haemorrhage is weak, with lower platelet counts correlating more closely with the severity of vascular leakage in one study [31]. Although a rapid decrease in platelet count concurrent with an increase in haematocrit is presented as one of the warning signs for likely progression to shock in the 2009 WHO dengue classification [32], specific values have not been defined as yet. Given the wide range of normal platelet values and the fact that the nadir occurs relatively late in the disease course, efforts have been made to develop prognostic algorithms that combine the platelet count with other haematological indices during the febrile phase. Using classification and regression tree analysis, algorithms based on platelet count, total white cell count, monocyte percentage and haematocrit level, obtained within 72 hours of fever onset, identified Thai children who went on to develop DSS with good sensitivity (97%) but limited specificity (48%) [33]. The rate of change in serial haematological markers, particularly the platelet count, may also carry important prognostic information, and efforts are in progress to develop models that incorporate longitudinal data from repeated sampling to see if this improves the accuracy of risk prediction. Currently, clinical identification of vascular leakage is difficult until or unless DSS develops. The most common method of monitoring leakage relies on identification of relative haemoconcentration, determined by tracking changes in serial haematocrit measurements, with a rise of more than 20% from baseline considered evidence of significant leakage. However, this method can be rather insensitive, particularly if the patient is receiving parenteral fluid therapy, and it is also limited by the fact that an individual's baseline value is rarely known. Thus, although assessment of haemoconcentration can be helpful for case management, it is often only possible to appreciate the true severity of haemoconcentration once the acute illness has resolved and the haematocrit has returned to normal for that individual. Although comparison with age- and sex-matched population haematocrit values is recommended, such values are rarely available in dengue endemic areas [11]. Hepatic involvement is common in dengue, and liver enzymes are frequently elevated in infections of all severity grades. More marked derangements are usually associated with more severe disease profiles [34],[35], but discrimination between severe and non-severe dengue has proved to be poor [36]. In addition, liver enzyme levels tend to peak late in the disease course, typically during the second week, limiting their usefulness as prognostic markers [35]. Hypoproteinaemia is well recognised during the critical phase, and correlates with the severity of leakage [37],[38]; however, like haemoconcentration, hypoproteinaemia is difficult to identify without serial measurements or a known baseline value for an individual. Proteinuria also occurs, and marked increases in fractional clearances of several endogenous proteins have been documented among children with DSS [37]. The urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR) has been suggested as a possible predictor of outcome, with higher peak UPCRs observed in adult DHF cases compared to DF cases [38]. However, a study describing the magnitude and kinetics of urinary albumin excretion in a large paediatric population found that although albumin excretion was increased in the confirmed dengue patients, with a significant time-trend showing peak values during the critical phase, discrimination between patients of different severity was poor, and albuminuria was not useful in predicting the development of complications [39]. Studies using ultrasound have demonstrated that pleural effusions, ascites and gall bladder wall oedema are common during the critical phase, and correlate with disease severity [40]-[42]. In addition, serial ultrasound studies indicate that subclinical plasma leakage can be detected as early as days 2 to 3 of fever [43], and is better at predicting likely disease progression than other markers of plasma leakage such as haematocrit and albumin measurements [44]. Gallbladder wall oedema appears to precede the development of ascites and effusions, and may therefore be a helpful early predictor of outcome. Thus ultrasonography can be a useful monitoring tool, and where available, should be considered in the overall assessment during the febrile phase. However, there are certain limitations,particularly the lack of defined normal ranges for the parameters of interest, the variability in measurements obtained by different operators, and the lack of specificity of the findings. For example, gallbladder wall thickness may be increased in other infections and also in the postprandial state [45]. Finally, as yet, the availability of portable ultrasonography and the technical expertise necessary to interpret the images obtained remains relatively restricted in the resource-limited areas where dengue is endemic. In the face of the rapidly expanding global pandemic, many research groups are attempting to assess a variety of potential biomarkers for associations with dengue disease progression, and only a selected overview is possible here. Only human studies will be reviewed, as the true relevance of even the most sophisticated model systems to human dengue disease remains uncertain. The observations that a) severe disease is more common in secondary infections with a different dengue virus (DENV) serotype and b) severe clinical manifestations typically occur when the viral load is in steep decline [46],[47], support the idea that the pathogenesis of severe dengue is at least partly immune-mediated. Antibody-dependent enhancement, whereby cross-reactive antibodies from a previous infection fail to neutralise the current serotype, but instead enhance viral uptake into susceptible cells, is thought to result in a higher blood and/or tissue viral burden and a more intense immune response with increased release of vasoactive mediators [48],[49]. Higher viraemias, considered to reflect a greater dengue-infected cell mass, have been linked to severe disease [49],[50], with early peak viral loads appearing to correlate with subsequent disease severity. However, serotype differences are apparent, with patients infected with DENV1 sometimes displaying extremely high plasma viraemia levels with relatively mild clinical disease [51],[52]. The duration of viraemia has not shown a clear association with disease severity. In fact, rapid viral clearance, represented by the steepness of the decline in viraemia, has been demonstrated more commonly in DHF cases and in secondary infections, possibly as a result of a primed adaptive immune response [50]. Soluble non-structural protein-1 (NS1) levels generally correlate with viraemia levels, and are usually higher in patients with severe than in those with uncomplicated dengue. Higher levels of NS1 within 72 hours of fever onset predicted patients who developed DHF at defervescence in one study [53], and it has been suggested that NS1 may play a pathogenic role in the capillary leakage process, through activation of complement and generation of anaphylatoxins and the terminal complement complex SC5b-9 [54]. Plasma levels of NS1 and SC5b-9 have been shown to correlate with disease severity, and were present in the pleural fluid of patients with DSS, along with the anaphylatoxin C5a. Cross-reactive NS1 antibodies have been shown invitro to target membrane-bound NS1, resulting in complement-mediated cytolysis and endothelial cell disruption [55],[56]. However, the kinetics of NS1 antigenaemiaare known to be influenced by several factors, including the infecting serotype, with lower levels seen in DENV2 than in DENV1 infections after adjusting for viral load, and the host immunity, with faster clearance times seen in secondary than in primary infections. Thus, the magnitude of NS1 antigenaemia alone is not sufficient to explain outcome, and this would probably affect the overall utility of NS1 as a potential biomarker [52],[57]. Numerous studies have investigated associations between altered levels of circulating cytokines/chemokines and complement activation markers with dengue severity. The findings from a selection of representative studies are presented in Table 1[58]-[68]. However, interpretation of the data is difficult as most of the studies are small, and confounded by serotype variations and differences in plasma viraemia levels, the age and immune status of the patients, and the timing of sampling during the evolution of the infection. In addition, it is possible that the parameters of interest are influenced by the degree of capillary leakage, making comparisons of plasma measurements between severity groups unreliable. Elevated levels in patients with DSS compared with those with DF, which correlated with markers of disease severity [58]. IL-10 correlated with degree of thrombocytopenia [49],[65] Raised levels in severe dengue versus mild disease. Positive correlation with disease severity. sTNFRspredicted children who subsequently went on to develop shock [64],[67] DHF was associated with earlier peak IFN-γ levels [49]. Associated with development of severe disease [59] Compared with healthy control, MIP-1b and G-CSF were elevated in patients with uncomplicated dengue; MCP-1 in dengue with warning signs; and IP-10 in both groups [62] Higher levels were demonstrated in DF/DHF compared with OFI, and correlated with dengue severity [54] Reduced during acute phase in patients with dengue compared with healthy controls, and correlated with thrombocytopenia [66] No difference was demonstrated between the severity grades for IL-1b but there was significantly lower levels of IL-2 and EGF in DSS compared with DF [58] One study demonstrated reduced VEGF levels in DSS compared with DF from 2 days before to 2 days after defervescence [58]. Other studies have shown elevated VEGF levels in DHF compared with DF[69], and a further study demonstrated elevated levels of free VEGF in DHF at the time of plasma leakage, and reduced levels of VEGFR2 [63] Reduced levels were found in patients with DHF compared with those with DF and healthy controls [68] As the vascular system is targeted in dengue infections, there may be a stronger biological rationale for investigating markers specifically implicated in vascular pathology. Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) have been shown to be increased in patients with dengue compared with controls, and to correlate with disease severity [70]. Similarly, sVCAM-1, sICAM-1 and E-selectin were raised in patients with dengue compared with patients with other febrile illness 1 day prior to defervescence [71]. Soluble thrombomodulin, a non-specific marker of endothelial activation, was also found to be increased 2 to 3 days before defervescence in that study, and to correlate well with disease severity [71]. Angiopoietin-2 is a protein secreted from endothelial cells in response to inflammatory stimuli, which antagonises angiopoietin-1, a protein required to maintain effective microvascular barrier function. In one study, reduced levels of angiopoietin-1 and increased levels of angiopoietin-2 were demonstrated in dengue cases at hospital admission compared with levels obtained at discharge and also compared with levels seen in healthy controls, and these changes correlated with plasma leakage and disease severity [72]. In addition to markers of endothelial activation, a few studies have examined factors more directly indicative of disruption of the endothelial barrier. Although morphological examination has revealed only minor non-specific changes in microvascular structure, increased circulating endothelial cells (CECs) have been demonstrated in patients with dengue, with the levels correlating with severity [70],[71]. However, even if confirmed to be useful for risk prediction, the techniques required to measure CECs are complex and assay standardisation is difficult, making it unlikely that CEC measurement could be widely deployed in endemic areas. Damage to the endothelial surface glycocalyx layer, a negatively charged gel-like structure that lines the luminal surface of the microvasculature and constitutes the primary permeability barrier, has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of severe dengue. Both the DENV envelope protein and NS1 are known to bind to heparan sulphate, a major constituent of the glyocalyx layer, potentially resulting in shedding of this layer, with consequent alterations in microvascular permeability [73],[74]. Preliminary evidence suggests that circulating heparan sulphate levels are raised during the early febrile phase of dengue [75], although further studies are required to determine whether these early increases in heparan sulphate levels predict which patients are likely to develop severe disease. Along similar lines, microparticles are submicron vesicles that are shed from the surface of cell membranes in response to activation, injury and apoptosis. It is becoming increasingly apparent that far from being simple markers of cell activation, microparticles play a critical role in the pathophysiology of various disease states. Endothelial microparticles are emerging as potential biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and sepsis, conditions in which vascular inflammation and injury are key to patient outcomes [76]-[78]. Currently, the role of endothelial microparticles in the pathogenesis of the microvascular dysfunction in dengue is not known. However in one study, platelet derived microparticles(PMPs) rich in IL-1b correlated with signs of vascular permeability in patients with dengue, and PMPs were found to induce vascular permeability invitro in an IL1-dependent manner [79]. As outlined earlier, the defining feature of severe dengue is disruption of vascular barrier function, resulting in plasma leakage, intravascular volume depletion, and eventually cardiovascular collapse and death if appropriate fluid therapy is not instituted promptly. Current techniques to identify and monitor leakage rely on surrogate markers of intravascular volume depletion, including serial haematocrit measurements, and close observation of cardiovascular indices, particularly the pulse pressure and heart rate [10]. However, these parameters are relatively insensitive, and show little change until the critical phase of the infection (Figure 1), whereas evidence from serial ultrasound studies indicates that plasma leakage actually starts during the febrile phase [44]. It is possible that many patients experience some degree of plasma leakage, and that only a minority become haemodynamically unstable when a significant volume of fluid has extravasated, overwhelming that individual’s intrinsic compensatory homeostatic mechanisms. Several new techniques designed to evaluate endothelial dysfunction, monitor the microcirculation, and assess intravascular volume status have been developed in recent years, and have the potential to be useful tools for predicting outcome in dengue. Greater understanding of normal microvascular physiology together with increasing recognition of the importance of endothelial dysfunction in systemic disease has led to the development of endothelial function testing in a variety of medical disciplines. Available techniques include venous plethysmography, assessment of flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery and peripheral artery tonometry (PAT). The latter two techniques evaluate endothelial function through monitoring the reactive hyperaemia (RH) response following occlusion of a proximal artery. In PAT, changes in amplitude of the digital pulse volume are postulated to reflect nitric oxide bioavailability. The increase in blood flow following an occlusion test is thought to stimulate production and release of endothelial-derived nitric oxide, causing vasodilation. The test is easy to apply, requires less staff training and has better inter-user variability than techniques to assess brachial artery dilatation, and has shown good reproducibility [80],[81]. Longitudinal studies involving serial RH assessments have demonstrated that altered endothelial responses can be identified several years prior to the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events [82],[83]. More recently, endothelium-dependent microvascular reactivity was shown to be impaired in acute sepsis in proportion to overall disease severity, and the degree of impairment at baseline predicted subsequent deterioration in organ function [84]. Studies in Plasmodium falciparum malaria have demonstrated endothelial dysfunction and decreased nitric oxide bioavailability with more marked changes in severe compared with mild malaria, and this work has led onto therapeutic intervention trials with L-arginine [85],[86]. To date, results of clinical endothelial function tests have not been reported in dengue, but there are ongoing studies in Vietnam and Singapore. Preliminary results indicate that dysfunction occurs early, during the febrile phase, raising the possibility that this technique might be useful in predicting outcome. However, drawbacks include the need for a degree of patient cooperation, meaning that it is difficult to use the technique in younger children and unstable patients, and, at least at present, the cost of the disposable probes, which is likely to limit widespread application in resource-poor settings. Microcirculatory dysfunction causing tissue hypoperfusion is considered to play a major role in the pathophysiology of multiorgan failure in severe bacterial infections [87]. Early-onset multiorgan failure is thought to be mediated by inadequate tissue perfusion, whereas organ failure occurring later in the course of severe sepsis is likely to be related to mitochondrial failure and cell death [88]. In line with this hypothesis, haemodynamic optimization has been found to be beneficial in the early but not late stages of septic shock [89]. In the past two decades, bedside real-time imaging of the microcirculation has become possible with videomicroscopy using orthogonal polarisation spectral imaging (OPS) and side-stream darkfield imaging (SDF) [90]. It has been postulated that during the earliest phase of incipient shock, impaired microcirculatory flow and tissue hypoperfusion can be detected prior to the onset of overt cardiovascular collapse [91]. A decrease in the number of perfused capillaries, together with reduced flow rates and heterogeneity of the microcirculation, is associated with increased severity of both sepsis and malaria, and these changes are strong predictors of outcome [91],[92]. Microcirculatory changes occur early in the course of the disease and are independent of arterial blood pressure, and their persistence is associated with mortality [91],[93]. At present, alterations to microcirculatory flow patterns in dengue are largely unknown. In one case study from Brazil involving two patients with DSS, very abnormal microcirculatory patterns were identified, which improved following resolution of shock [94]. Our group in Vietnam is currently investigating the microcirculation using SDF technology in a large study of patients with suspected dengue, carrying out serial examinations from the early febrile phase throughout the evolution of the illness to see if the technique has prognostic value (Figure 2). Side-stream darkfield imaging (SDF) in dengue. Example of still SDF images from (a) a patient with dengue in the late febrile phase, showing reduced total vessel density and perfused vessel density, plus extravasated red cells in the left upper and lower quadrants; (b) the same patient in the recovery phase with normal vessel density, flow rate and perfusion indices. The ability to detect and measure changes in intravascular volume early in the evolution of dengue, particularly during the compensated phase of shock, would be of real benefit for patient management. The compensatory reserve index (CRI) is a new computational algorithm that uses feature analysis of the arterial pulse waveform to track real-time changes in central blood volume [95]. Arterial waveform data are processed by the algorithm to calculate a CRI value between 0 and 1, where 1 represents normovolaemia and 0 represents the point of decompensation [96]. The CRI has been shown to correlate with estimated volume changes in a human disease model that simulates hypovolaemia due to haemorrhage, and to detect changes that occur during the compensatory phase of shock, preceding changes in conventional haemodynamic parameters. In addition, the index has been shown to distinguish between individuals with high and low tolerance to intravascular volume loss, and may therefore be helpful in identifying patients who are more vulnerable to shock. One advantage of this technique is that the CRI can be obtained from any standard monitor that generates a pulse waveform, including a finger pulse oximeter, and it is therefore completely non-invasive and relatively inexpensive. Studies to assess the utility of the CRI in predicting likely progression to shock, and to track fluid resuscitation status in patients with established shock, are ongoing in Southeast Asia. Another non-invasive bedside technique with potential for monitoring intravascular volume is portable echocardiography [97]. Echocardiograms have the additional benefit of providing a functional cardiac assessment as well as an estimate of intravascular volume status, and are increasingly being used for haemodynamic assessment in patients with septic shock [98]. Cardiac involvement is now recognised as a feature of dengue [99], particularly in severe cases where myocardial impairment probably acts in concert with hypovolaemia to compound haemodynamic instability [100]. In such cases, assessing collapsibility of the inferior vena cava may be useful in predicting which patients are likely to be fluid-responsive. Although this method has been used mainly for ventilated patients [101], evidence is emerging that it may also be useful in spontaneously breathing patients [102]. Cardiac dysfunction probably also plays a role in less severe dengue disease. In one paediatric study, reduced cardiac output during the febrile phase was identified as being related both to reduced preload and to left ventricular impairment, with no apparent change in blood pressure [103]. As portable devices become increasingly accessible worldwide, inclusion of an echocardiographic assessment to assist with dengue risk prediction is likely to become a feasible option in many mid-level healthcare facilities. Predicting outcome in dengue remains challenging, and the search for more robust methods continues. Although warning signs are considered a key component for early recognition of potentially severe disease, the current evidence for any particular clinical or laboratory marker is weak. A major global study currently in progress, aiming to recruit 10,000 to 12,000 suspected dengue cases during the early febrile phase, should provide useful information for risk prediction(ClinicalTrials.govID:NCT01550016). However, given the rather broad range of signs and symptoms seen in dengue, inclusion of one or more specific biomarkers is likely to be needed in order to develop a robust algorithm. A number of viral, immunological and endothelial biomarkers have been proposed from small studies, and there is hope that, if these arevalidated in a large patient cohort, algorithms incorporating such biomarkers might prove sufficiently sensitive and specific to be clinically useful, particularly in endemic areas where the case burden is high. However, as the vascular system is the essential target in severe dengue, alternative approaches that focus primarily on the clinical vascular function tests described above could also prove to be helpful. Although these are relatively expensive and limited to centres with specialist expertise at present, if these are shown to be reliable, their non-invasive nature makes them an attractive option, especially for repeated assessments on children, and costs are likely to come down if the techniques are widely deployed. Finally, ongoing research efforts directed towards identifying robust early predictors for severe disease are crucial to ensure that if effective antiviral or disease-modifying drugs do become available in the future, these agents can be used to maximal advantage for the patients most at risk. Both authors designed the outline of the article. SY wrote the initial draft, and BW revised and expanded the manuscript. Both authors have seen and approved the final manuscript. SY is a Clinical Research Fellow studying dengue as part of the Imperial College Wellcome Trust Clinical PhD programme, and is based at the Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU) in Vietnam. BW is the head of the Dengue Research Group at OUCRU, and Professor of Tropical Medicine at Oxford University, UK. Lin CF, Lei HY, Shiau AL, Liu HS, Yeh TM, Chen SH, Liu CC, Chiu SC, Lin YS: Endothelial cell apoptosis induced by antibodies against dengue virus nonstructural protein 1 via production of nitric oxide. J Immunol. 2002, 169: 657-664.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar Hedblad B, Ogren M, Janzon L, Isacsson SO, Lindell SE: Low pulse-wave amplitude during reactive leg hyperaemia: an independent, early marker for ischaemic heart disease and death. Results from the 21-year follow-up of the prospective cohort study `Men born in 1914’, Malmo, Sweden. J Intern Med. 1994, 236: 161-168.View ArticlePubMedGoogle Scholar The Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in the three West Africa countries of Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone, was declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a public health event of international concern in August 2014. The disease, which has caused more than 10,000 deaths from over 25,000 cases, has thrived on a failed disease control system, national denial, and a poor and fragile healthcare delivery system. The slow and initially uncoordinated national and global response turned the outbreak into an unprecedented humanitarian disaster. Prevention and control of future outbreaks depend on improving and upgrading disease surveillance into a responsive component of a reliable and efficient health care delivery system. Appropriate capacity building with a conducive operating environment, which has been lacking in the past few decades, will be key to the health system strengthening. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the 2014 Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak a public health event of international concern 8 months after the index case occurred and 5 months after it was officially reported [1]. Three countries (Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone) bore the greatest burden of the epidemic, while three other West African countries (Mali, Nigeria, and Senegal) successfully contained the importation of the disease. In addition to the outbreaks in West African countries, the disease was also imported to the USA, UK, and Spain [2]. During the same period, another EVD outbreak unrelated to the West African outbreaks and which was successfully contained occurred in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) [3]. As of April 15, 2015, the reported number of cases associated with the West African epidemic, which has gone on for the last 16 months, is 25,826 cases with 10,704 deaths [4]. This commentary focuses on issues, generally not publicly discussed, but which have perennially hampered the ability of many African countries to effectively control disease outbreaks. Addressing these issues, and the lessons learned from the ongoing EVD epidemic, will equip African countries to prevent a repeat of the current humanitarian disaster. The index case of the current West African EVD outbreak is considered to be a 2-year-old boy infected in Meliandou, near Gueckedou, in Guinea, in December 2013 [5]. The WHO was notified late in March 2014, by which time, Guinea had recorded 49 cases and 29 deaths [6]. On August 8, 2014, with a total of 1,779 cases and 961 deaths in Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Nigeria [1], the WHO declared the EVD outbreak a public health event of international concern, that is, an ‘extraordinary event’ and a public health risk to other States [1]. The Nigerian index case of EVD was an individual who had visited and cared for a sibling who died from the disease in Liberia [7,8]. He travelled to Lagos, Nigeria, on a commercial flight, arriving on July 20, 2014, by which time he was acutely ill, and was admitted to a private hospital with fever, vomiting, and diarrhea [7,8]. He was initially treated for malaria having denied any exposure to EVD. His failure to respond to malaria treatment and his arrival from an EVD-affected country led to a suspicion of a case of EVD. Subsequent laboratory tests confirmed the diagnosis, and local public health authorities were alerted of the case of EVD [7,8]. The patient died on July 25, 2014. The limited spread of EVD in Nigeria was a combination of fortuitous circumstances and the institution of a rapid and aggressive public health and infection control measures. The index case, a diplomat, was sick on arrival in Lagos, at a time when doctors were on strike and government hospitals closed. He was subsequently admitted to a private hospital, where he was the source of infection for nine of the hospital workers, and who were then sources of infection for five others [7,8]. This is in addition to two of the protocol officers who attended to him at the airport. One of those EVD infected protocol officers later escaped the Lagos Emergency Operations Centre (EOC) contact tracing network and travelled to Port Harcourt, where he initiated another chain of infections, involving three cases [7,8]. On July 23, 2015, the Nigerian authorities declared an EVD emergency, and activated the EOC to rapidly respond to the outbreak. In collaboration with partner agencies, the government, using existing public health assets, was able to set up six response teams, namely i) point of entry, ii) epidemiology/surveillance, iii) case management/infection control, iv) laboratory services, v) social mobilization, and vi) management/coordination, to rapidly contain the epidemic. When WHO declared Nigeria free of EVD [9] on October 20, 2014, the EOC had identified 894 contacts in three states (Lagos, Rivers, and Enugu), making approximately 18,500 face-to-face contact visits. There were a total of 20 confirmed or probable EVD cases, of whom eight died [7]. Therefore, despite the success of Nigeria in containing the EVD outbreak, the country had committed certain errors which cannot be repeated if future epidemics are to be rapidly contained. In these instances, there was a delay in providing funds for the early and crucial activities of the EOC. Official pre-outbreak information provided to the public was incorrect, creating a false sense of confidence regarding government preparedness for controlling EVD. Since 1976, when EVD was first discovered in Africa, there have been 24 other outbreaks, aside from the current West African outbreak, with a total of 2,900 cases and 1,583 deaths [10]. As of April 15, 2015, the current outbreaks have accounted for around ten times this number: 25,826 cases and 10,704 deaths [4]. Several reasons have been given for the current unprecedented and prolonged EVD outbreak. These factors include, among others, i) the unreliable disease surveillance system which failed to detect and notify the outbreak at onset; ii) an official national and community denial of the occurrence of the epidemic; iii) the fragile and weak heath care delivery system which was incapable of managing the cases and containing the epidemic; iv) cultural practices associated with unsafe burial ceremonies; and v) ease and rapid mass movement of people between rural areas and urban centres, as well as across largely uncontrolled international borders. Initial international response to the outbreak was described by Médecins Sans Frontières as “slow and derisory, ..... irresponsible” [11]. When international response was eventually in place, it was uncoordinated, making the initial global effort seem like a “consortium of confusion”. Having failed to apply standard infection control guidelines to contain the epidemic, frantic efforts were made at global level. The focus temporarily shifted to using available, but unapproved, therapies on compassionate grounds [12]. Therefore, efforts were redoubled to find the ‘magic bullet’, namely drugs and vaccines, for the treatment of cases and to stem the tide of the epidemic. It is becoming clear, with the reduction in number of cases in Liberia and Sierra Leone, that this ‘magic bullet’ to bring the epidemic under control does not consist of drugs or vaccines, but rather a combination of aggressive contact tracing, isolation, and treatment of cases, safe burial ceremonies, and provision of adequate and correct information. Since 1976, when an EVD outbreak was first reported, Africa has battled with no less than 24 episodes of EVD outbreaks [10]. These outbreaks should have provided Africa with opportunities for developing appropriate capacity and enhancing competence needed to deal with any EVD or other disease outbreaks. However, in all the reported EVD outbreaks occurring in Africa for last 38 years, Africa has been at the receiving end of international aid and assistance. These long years of international aid and assistance for capacity building of Africans in disease control and response, have not actually yielded the desired result on building human resource capacity. This failure to build appropriate capacity is aptly illustrated by an extract from the published diary of a WHO expert, who is assisting with the control of several EVD and other viral hemorrhagic fever outbreaks in Africa. He wrote “We received the first emails on the Guinea event on Friday 14 March. During the weekend, I was travelling in the DRC for a training course on how to take blood samples in Ebola. It was a 3-day training course” [13]. It is inconceivable to think, and inconsolable to know, that training in ‘how to take blood samples in Ebola’ is the type of external technical assistance offered to health workers in DRC, a country where 38 years ago, the first EVD case was detected, and which has brought under control at least seven other EVD outbreaks [14]. DRC nationals have provided and continue to provide technical assistance to other African countries on EVD control. By its nature and character, international assistance or aid, be it for economic development or research collaboration, tends to benefit the donor more than the recipient. A Director of a UK funded research center in Africa, wrote this piece in an annual report of the center: “Perhaps the most important achievement of the Unit during the past five years has been the training of a group of dedicated scientists and clinicians who have gone on to establish their own highly successful groups elsewhere in the tropics and in the UK and who continue to maintain the high reputation of the UK in tropical medicine” [15]. This is not an isolated case. A cursory review of the activities of foreign funded research centres in Africa revealed that scientists of the donor countries have benefitted more than their African counterparts in areas of research publication, competition for grants, and international recognition [16]. In many international conferences where issues concerning diseases of African origin and which are endemic in Africa, most, if not all the researchers and paper presenters are non-Africans. The disease outbreaks in Africa have become opportunities for foreign researchers to fine-tune their skills, enabling them to solve African problems, doing for Africa what African scientists should be doing for Africa. Meanwhile, African scientists remain dependent on the crumbs from the tables of external donors; reduced to mere sample collectors and impotent contributors to disease prevention and control efforts locally or globally. If the next epidemic is not to catch Africa unprepared, this character and nature of external aid and assistance for research collaboration with Africa must change. To reduce dependence on external aid, Africa must reorganize her priorities, and invest more funds in research and research capacity building. African governments must create a conducive environment for African scientists to function with relevance, effectively and productively, freed from the bondage of dependency on foreign external support. On their part, developed countries should ease off on their dominance and control of the processes of global disease surveillance and create an atmosphere for genuine collaboration based on mutual appreciation and respect [17]. Only then can developing countries truly ‘own’ the processes of establishing a sustainable and reliable disease surveillance system for the prevention and control of disease and contribute to global health. Even as agencies, foundations, governments, and institutions outside Africa are holding meetings to assess the lessons learnt from the EVD disaster and map out strategies for better response and control of future epidemics, EVD devastated African countries are enmeshed in other battles – misuse of EVD funds [18,19] and the inability to fully utilize aid and resources donated by international agencies. Therefore, is Africa prepared for the next epidemic? Has Africa learnt important lessons from the current EVD outbreak in West Africa? Will Africa still be helpless and totally dependent on international agencies for assistance to control any future epidemic? Will the scientists and governments of the developed world continue to so control the processes of a sustainable global disease surveillance system, leaving no meaningful role for participants from the developing countries? The answers of a pessimist would be no to the first two and yes to the last two questions. For the opposite to occur, Africa must accept that her self-imposed poverty status is not due to a lack of resources, but rather to their misuse, and that it can be reversed. This requires purposeful leadership and rightly guided followership. The African researcher or scientist must evaluate the needs of the society and become relevant to the society through adaptation and development of technologies that positively impact on the daily life of citizens. The poor standard of living and status of life in Africa places an extra burden on the African researcher or scientist that transcends the confines of learning and expertise. The researcher or scientist must take on the extra roles of guide, teacher, mentor, and beacon to society. Therein lies the true relevance of the African scientist or researcher. International aid will not build the capacity for such desired relevance; it must be funded with home-based resources and through governments with the right priorities. OT graduated with a veterinary degree in 1971 from the Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, before obtaining a PhD in Virology in 1976 from the University of Ibadan, both in Nigeria. He was a faculty member of the Department of Virology, University of Ibadan, from 1971–1994, becoming Professor of Virology in 1981 and Head of the Department of Virology and Director of the Postgraduate Institute for Medical Research and Training at the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, between 1986 and 1993. During his period at the University of Ibadan, he was involved in disease investigations and control of epidemics, elucidating the properties of new viruses, and in the training of students at undergraduate and postgraduate levels. In 1994, he joined the WHO Africa Region, where he served as the Regional Virologist and Laboratory Coordinator up till 2004. During this 10 year period, he was involved in the setting up of the African Regional Polio Laboratory Network, enhancing national scientific and research capacity for diagnosis and control of polio and viral hemorrhagic diseases (Yellow fever, Marburg, EVD, etc.) in Africa. He served as pioneer Vice Chancellor from 2004–2011 at the Redeemer’s University, a private faith-based institution in Nigeria. He serves on various national and international bodies (WHO, IOM, etc.) concerned with national and global control of infectious diseases. He currently serves as the President of the Nigerian Academy of Science. WHO. Statement on the 1st meeting of the IHR Emergency Committee on the 2014 Ebola outbreak in West Africa. 2014. www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2014/ebola-20140808/en/. Niki is your virtual friend to help you book cabs, order food, recharge, pay postpaid, electricity, datacard, DTH bills and much more simply via chatting. She is an Artificial Intelligence (AI) powered chatbot that wants to be your simplified personal assistant. Niki is free to use, and you pay only for the services used, and make the most out of the offers available. You will always get responses with lightning speed. \n\n\n\n Show me movies running tomorrow Hi ! Let me assist you with movie ticket booking. You can type <b>cancel</b> at any point to exit this conversation Your city picked is Secunderabad. You can change it anytime by telling me another city. You can ask me for: No movie found running in theatre in Secunderabad for date: 26 Nov 2017. Please try changing some filters. cancel

On the centenary of the Russian Revolution, In Your Pocket looks back at the revolutionary events that took place in Moscow and the mark they left on the city. When you think of the 1917 Revolution, you often tend to think about the events that shook then-capital city Petrograd (present-day St. Petersburg). Indeed, some of the most important and history-changing events took place in that city. But Moscow also saw its fair share of pivotal events. This year, Russia together with the entire world remember the events of 1917, the events that would forever change the course of world history. In this very special feature, In Your Pocket looks back at the revolutionary events that took place in Moscow and the mark they left on the city. The 1905 Revolution and the February Revolution of 1917 were precursors for the final revolution that would change Russia irreversibly. The October Revolution (also called the Bolshevik Revolution) overturned the interim provisional government and established the Soviet Union. On November 6 and 7, 1917 (or October 24 and 25 on the Julian calendar, which is why this event is also referred to as the October Revolution), leftist revolutionaries led by Bolshevik Party leader Vladimir Lenin launched a nearly bloodless coup d'état against the provisional government. The Bolsheviks and their allies occupied government buildings and other strategic locations in Petrograd and soon formed a new government with Lenin as its head. Lenin became the dictator of the world’s first communist state. The October Revolution was a much more deliberate event, orchestrated by a small group of people. The Bolsheviks, who led this coup, prepared their coup in only six months. They were generally viewed as an extremist group and had very little popular support when they began serious efforts in April 1917. By October, the Bolsheviks’ popular base was much larger; though still a minority within the country as a whole, they had built up a majority of support within Petrograd and other urban centers. Following the fall of Petrograd, the Bolsheviks set their sights on Moscow. A committee was formed in Moscow, bringing together workers and soldiers and headed by four Bolsheviks and two moderate Mensheviks. The Moscow Duma prepared to resist by forming a Social Security Committee to face the Bolsheviks head on. The revolutionaries managed to get forces into the Kremlin but government troops surrounded them, leading the way to a forced negotiations process. But when Colonel Ryabtsev, head of Moscow's military, learned that the Bolsheviks might be getting reinforcements from the front, he pulled out of negotiations and introduced martial law. Naturally, the revolutionaries were far from pleased by this development so they mobilized troops and workers to arm and fight for the Soviets. Forces clashed on Red Square and revolutionaries fired from the Kremlin wall. Government troops entered the Kremlin via secret tunnels, ambushing the revolutionary forces from the inside – but the battle was far from over. Spurred on by the new order taking over in Petrograd the revolutionaries re-routed and the result was a bloody standoff at Krymsky Square. Casualties were reported on both sides but the Bolsheviks controlled key facilities. With the arrival of Mikhail Frunze and thousands of soldiers together with Red Guard detachments, the government troops were soon broken. Two weeks after the bloody violence started – it was over. The Bolsheviks had won and in a matter of months, Moscow would become their new capital. But as most of us know, the bloodshed, violence and suffering did not end here for Moscow and the entire nation. The Russian Civil War would rage for years before the relative stability of the Soviet Union would reign for close to seven decades. History buffs can stroll around Moscow to see with their own eyes the places that played such a pivotal role in our country's history. Here are the must-see places where you can really immerse yourself in Moscow’s revolutionary past. This building in the very center of Moscow, with the classical white-stoned portico and the ceremonial arc of the main entrance, is considered one of the most beautiful in the capital. Today on Tverskaya ul. 13 you will find the headquarters of the Administration of the city of Moscow but back in the revolutionary days, the building was known as the Mossovet (Moscow Soviet of People's Deputies). Upon learning of the uprising happening in Petrograd, Moscow’s Bolsheviks also began carrying out military actions. At that point, they were occupying a mansion that was specifically designated as the government house occupied by the Moscow governor-general. On the very first days of the Revolution, members of the Red Guard established their headquarters here. Throughout almost two weeks of the uprising, all commands came from this address. After the Revolution was over, the building continued to belong to the Mossovet. Today the complex is under state security due to its status of architectural monument and is one of the most important “witnesses” of the main events of the city’s history of 18th-20th centuries. Much like the building of the Mossovet, the Polytechnic Museum became one of the main command centers for the Bolshevik uprising in the city. Even before the Revolution, the museum was used by the Executive Committee of the Mossovet as a venue for rallies and conferences. The origins of the Museum go back to 1872, when the Polytechnic Exhibition – a major presentation of the latest achievements in industrial and agricultural technology, science and culture, along with the artefacts from Russian history – was held on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of Peter the Great, the Russian emperor who led the cultural revolution and pushed for modernization. The Exhibition, supported by a number of Russian scientific organizations and intended primarily for science communication, was a raging success, and its objects served as the founding collection of the three museums in Moscow and St. Petersburg established following the Exhibition: the Polytechnic Museum, the State Historical Museum and the Popov Central Museum of Communication. After the Revolution of 1917, the Museum lost government funding and needed to lease some of its premises to stay afloat. But even unheated halls and a leaking roof did not drive away the Museum’s audience – hungry and cold, they were still eager to learn and discuss. In July 1919, the museum was renamed as the Central Institute of Polytechnic Knowledge, re-focusing its work to research and the dissemination of scientific knowledge in the field of natural sciences, mathematics, technology and the economy. In the 1929-1930’s, the entire display of the museum was distributed between three new sectors: general, industrial and agricultural. The key turning point in the history of the museum was the All-Union Exhibition "Our Achievements" in 1934 to honor of the XVII Congress of the CPSU (Congress of the All-Union Communist Party). The exhibition was a huge demonstration of the victories of the Socialist country’s industrial achievements during Stalin's first five-year plan. In the 1980-s the museum became the main museum of the Soviet Union that stored and displayed objects pertaining to the history of Soviet science and technology. Today, the Polytechnic Museum is the largest technical museum in Russia, offering a wide array of historical inventions and technological achievements, including humanoid automata of the 18th century and the first Soviet computers. Its collection contains more than 160,000 items in 65 halls including, chemistry, mining, metallurgy, transport, energy, optics, automation, computer engineering, radio electronics, communications and space exploration. The first strategically important building in Moscow to be captured by the Bolsheviks was the General Post Office on Myasnitskayaul. As soon as the Moscow Bolsheviks found out about the Petrograd uprising, Moscow’s Red Guard commander was immediately ordered to seize the telegraph, telephone and post office. The General Post Office was captured by lunchtime on the same day. Three days later, the White Army managed to regain control – but only for one day. In the early 18th century, Duke Alexander Menshikov lived on the site of the present-day post office. Menshikov was a very close associate and friend of Tsar Peter the Great. After the death of the Tsar, Menshikov was the de facto ruler of Russia for two years. The first Post Office was, in effect, rebuilt from Menshikov’s Moscow Palace. After his time of glory and power, he was overthrown by Moscow’s nobility and later exiled. His property was transferred to Prince Kurakin and later sold. In 1792, his house was reconstructed for the purposes of the post office. Today, one can find a wide choice of Russian and foreign stamps issued in different times. Moscow’s main counter-revolutionary forces were headquartered in the Alexandrovsky Military Academy (Ul. Znamenka) and the City Duma on Voskresenkaya Square. Both of these places were occupied by junior officers of the White Army during the final days of the armed uprising. The Military Academy was designed by Francesco Camporesi and built in 1792 for General StepanApraksin. After the Revolution, the building was used to house the Revolutionary Military Council. Today it is occupied by the Russian Ministry of Defence. The City Duma building now belongs to the State Historical Museum and the square on which it is situated is aptly called Revolution Square, alluding to the events that took place here so many years ago. The giant, beautiful red brick structure right on Red Square consists of two floors offering an extensive foray into Russian history from the ice ages of the mammoths right up to the 19th century. The State Historical Museum is surely one of Russia’s finest treasures, with more than 4.5mln items and about 14mln sheets of documents. The Museum’s collection is second to none in the country and offers an assortment of paleontology, science, technology, archeology and history monuments; masterpieces of painting, drawing, sculpture, works of decorative, religion, literature, music, theater arts, and architecture. The art design of the museum building was created by architect Vladimir Sherwood and engineer Anatoly Semyonov, and the design of Museum’s unique halls – by the most famous architects and artists (think Bondarenko, Popov, Aivazovsky, Vasnetsov, Serov, Karolin and Repin). It is one of the most fascinating and informative journeys through Russia's long and turbulent history. Battles between the Bolsheviks and the White Army forces took place in the very heart of Moscow, on Arbat, Ostozhenka, Prechistinka and Nikitskayaul. The White Army forces’ fate was sealed next to the Nikitsky Gates, where they attempted an offensive on the Bolshevik forces after signing a short-lived armistice; the offensive backfired.

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Miriel woke up late in the afternoon. It felt like a big deal to get out of bed – her whole body ached. She came close to the mirror and could not recognize herself. Who was that pale creature with swollen lips and tousled hair? Airen entered the room, her face troubled by friend's condition. Carefully, girls recalled their adventures on the festival. It was difficult for the princess to discuss her escapade; she had to hide some things. She had cursed her “May groom” a hundred times and even burst into hysterical tears. All the memories and the pleasures experienced yesterday, scattered like mist in the late morning, and she was left with wounded pride and resentment of her abnormal appearance. "Why didn't I listen to Dad?" ­ Miriel suffered late remorse. She would not have agreed to the request of her father to go down to the reception hall and greet guests: Pharazon and Arfest ­ but she just needed to know what is being said about the flight of the chosen Lilac royals. Uncertainty tormented her. "What if everyone knows in the city!" ­ she wondered. Without changing into ceremonial dress – its splendor would be not flattering for her “sick” appearance – the weary beauty appeared on the veranda, where guests were sitting. At first she did not notice anything special, as the shadow of grape leaves concealed the faces of those present, and then it was too late. She saw Yunier, and her heart leapt to her throat, and then pounded hard and fast in her chest. "What's he doing here? Did father know?" ­ she panicked. - My sweet cousin, let me introduce you to my best warriors – Pharazon said, coming out to greet her. Yunier and Lafer bowed low to her. Lafer lowered his eyes, but Yunier boldly stared at her. In response to their greetings she barely nodded. - Good that you're here, my daughter ­ said Tar­Palantir; he stood up and looked at everybody strictly ­ now we will discuss some serious matters. ­ He made a sign to the servant, and in a moment a tall, blonde elf was brought in. Everybody gasped. Yunier and Lafer winked at each other. Arfest raised his eyebrows in surprise. Hatred distorted Pharazon’s face. "Another surprise" ­ thought Miriel annoyed as she recognized yesterday's stranger in the elf. Now he will say: "Oh, I wanted to ask why you had climbed that rope ladder yesterday, when there was a perfectly good front door?" And I'll say, "That's not possible, but then again, anything can happen if one has a fever." The elf smiled, maybe he had read her thoughts. And she smiled in response. - Let me introduce Dorian The Glider to you ­ Tar­Palantir addressed his audience. ­ I was expecting him tomorrow, but Dorian is a fast walker. His arrival this morning was a joyous surprise for me. ­ For several generations the language of the elves had been banned on the island, but Tar­Palantir reintroduced it, and the sound of elven speech sounded like music in the palace. - No, ­ Dorian shook his head – they don’t. But I'm friends with the Faithful for many years, and this land is my home, so I do not want to leave Elenna. - Your time has passed; soon all of you will be saving your lives by fleeing into your reserve. Elenna and Middle­earth rightfully belong to men. - By what right, Pharazon? – the king frowned. ­ Before any of ours had been formed, great elvish kingdoms had been founded in Middle­earth. - And what was the use of them? Sauron sucks the last juices out of the skinny lands and incites orcs to attack our fellow human beings. If elves are so noble and skilled in knowledge, they should come up with a plan to overthrow the dark king. But they are cowards, they hide away and tremble for their eternal flesh. Only my boys lay down their lives to protect the poor people of Middle­earth ... - Taxing them with no small tribute – noted Dorian ­ people only choose the lesser of the two evils. - If not for Eärendil*, son of Tuor, who called the Valar for help, Morgoth would be ruling our world! - Enough! – commanded Tar­Palantir. ­ Do not list the virtues of our ancestors. History is proud of them, but will there be a reason for our descendants to remember us? Do not you see that you live in the age of greed, envy, hatred? And for me, it is no secret, Pharazon, that Númenóreans in Middle­earth are feared just as much as the ugly servants of Sauron. And your popularity is bought by stolen gold and promises to immortalize people. The Valar long ago turned away from us; our time on Earth decreased*. What Ilúvatar didn’t give us voluntarily, cannot be taken by force! We lost our minds because of pride. Remember, as soon as our outrage exhausts the Valar's patience, Númenor will die. Before it is too late, we need to see reason, to make amends for our mistakes with great deeds. Teaming up with the elves, we will declare war on Sauron and destroy him. - But you do not do this, Pharazon ­ shook his head, Tar­Palantir, ­ for many years the army is fighting the effects of, but does not touch the cause. Are you waiting for a direct royal decree? I do not think so. I believe, you enjoy benefits from not touching such an enemy as Sauron, because if he disappears, then under which pretext will you collect tribute from the peoples of Middle­earth? - I do not wish to quarrel, Pharazon ­ sighed Tar­Palantir wearily, ­ I'm just expressing my opinion, I want you to know my point clearly. - So criticize me as much as you want, when we are alone, but there is Miriel, your daughter, here and so are my warriors! Why are you making me look bad in front of them? The king felt sadness. All his good intentions met a wall of misunderstanding. Probably, the gap between humans and elves was too great, and they never would become friends again. - I ­ suddenly sounded the voice of Yunier – have nothing against elves. They are knowledgeable and far more reliable than many people in Middle­earth. - Yes, ­ sighed the king, ­ it is better to die than to spend age after age watching bloody feuds, seeing how everything created with love over years is getting collapsed in a few days. But let us not lose heart, it may be that we still manage to come to agreement. Tomorrow I will make public my plans, and see if people hear my call. Pharazon, I guess, you are not convinced? – the King addressed his frowning nephew. - No, why not, ­ objected Pharazon – with my mind, not my heart, I understand you, but I would like to know the details of your plans. Miriel did not want to participate in political battles; she had long waited for the right moment to disappear. The princess tried to follow serious conversation, but her thoughts were occupied only by Yunier. How unlike the others he was! So confident, fearless and...unpredictable. Her heart was drawn to the rascal. She caught his intense look and blushed. It's better to leave soon. - You disappoint me, Miriel! ­ said Tar­Palantir. – Are you not interested in what's going on in the world? - The world disappoints you as well. And, generally, I'm getting tired of politics. – the princess shrugged her shoulders lightly. - Well, get some rest, ­ sighed the king. Miriel went out into the hall, where she washed her hot face at the fountain. "Why is dad so unhappy and tired all the time­ she thought – does it really mean that to be a king is to wither with grief?" The girl put her hand into the water to drive away the small fish. When they all went to the royal chamber, Yunier took a moment and went to the fountain. He quietly crept up to the princess and touched her hair with his lips. She shuddered. - You? What do you want? ­ Miriel tried to calm her racing heart. – You ought to treat me with proper respect! - I do respect you ­ he said. ­ And I am crazy about you. Admit it, your former suitors gave you roses and kissed the edge of your dress, afraid to approach, waited for the call of their goddess. I do not care whether you are a princess or not, I want to hold you in my arms. Miriel, get ready for more entertainment. The whole city celebrates the festival of love. Come with me. You will not regret. She hesitated: no one ever touched her soul in that way before ­ but pride would not let her to admit it even to herself. - What will you do in a castle? – Yunier refused to relent. ­ Do not be stubborn. Or will the experience of one Lilac night be enough for your entire decent royal life? – That's wonderful! – Yunier’s eyes shone with happiness. The damaged pride of the princess finally got a gift. Of course, she will not go anywhere; let him look for her in the square as much as he wants. Miriel hurried to her room, and Yunier went to the chamber of Tar­Palantir. ­ Can you imagine how audacious he is! – she told Airen. – He knows who I am and still hopes for something. My ears are burning, when I remember the night before. That miserable soldier! Night was falling. Miriel crept forward the narrow street, trying to stay in the shadows of houses, afraid of being recognized. She was dressed in a simple, colorful summer dress and had a scarf on her head. Every now and then she ran into passers­by and heard: "Look out!" or "Move it, doll!" One could get to the Silmaril square straight from the main street ­ the royal avenue, wide, deserted, with rows of white magnolia trees on both sides ­ it started right from the palace. Miriel chose a different route. She walked through the craft areas, the street of tailors. Never before had she been here. Signs were filled with bird names: "Dazed Cockatoo", "Swan Song", "Paradise feathers." It was not difficult to find her way: crowds of people eagerly floated in one direction. Only once she stopped, perplexed. At the crossroad stood a man with a bunch of purple scarves, and people readily snapped them up. Miriel asked why would they need those garments and was told that without one she would not be allowed to the Mirror Cave. Induced by the seriousness of a possible loss, she bought a scarf for herself and another for Yunier. Without further incidents she got to the "Blackmoon Leap." The bridge over the Moon Trail (a small burbling river), built with smoky quartz and black marble, was named after her beloved horse. Entering the square, Miriel stopped in hesitation. The square resembled a vast living flower bed, buzzing like a thousand bee families. "How can I find Yunier here?" – the princess was confused. But then one of the peonies popped out from the colorful crowd: - My goodness, how are you dressed, Miriel! I barely recognized you, ­ laughed Yunier. ­ Take off that ­ and he pulled off the scarf from her head. Yunier grinned. ­ We have already started to take care of each other! ­ He also had scarves for both of them. Initially Miriel felt uncomfortable, but Yunier was so gentle and helpful. Soon she sprinkled with laughter when he passionately whispered in her ear a wild mixture of compliments, jokes and hilarious improvisations. - Did you know that they are still looking for us? ­ he asked suddenly, when the princess returned her serene disposition. - Lilac night is a very ancient festival, ­ explained Yunier, ­ and it has laws that we have violated. The choice of the couple is done by sorcerers. This couple is needed to keep life in balance for the following year. We broke this balance, so sorcerers foretell bad weather, plagues, and other calamities, even the death of Numenor. - Oh, this is not dependent on them, they choose those who are glowing. Normal people cannot see it, but those who know divination, they will notice. - No, you better listen! People do not like sorcerers and don't want anybody to spoil their festival, so they chose new Lilac kings and today they will honor them. We will watch the performance! - Yunier ­ said Miriel softly ­ Let's get out of here. Find some private place and spend exciting time together... Just two of us...­ she tried to tempt her reckless friend. Suddenly she felt sick. - So gullible, ­ said a hoarse voice, ­ and what if I am a sorcerer myself? – Yunier’s face broke and turned into a dark, evil mask. A look from behind the mask was piercing her with hatred ­ Yunier is already dead, lying with the shrunken star of love in his bloodless hand. She awoke in the tavern. People were fussing all around her. She was lying on Yunier’s laps. He gently rocked her in his arms. "Sweetheart, my dear girl, what happened?" ­ he wondered. His face shone with kindness and love. He gave her some punch to drink, and she calmed down. - The procession of the Lilac kings – someone said happily, and then everyone including Yunier and the princess, jumped out into the street. They could see nothing because of the crowd. - To the roof! ­ shouted Yunier and the guests of the tavern responded to his call. The owner himself was the first to climb up, and when he decided that there were enough spectators on the roof, he started to push aside those who climbed later. Then the scene captured his attention, and he stopped the fuss. The procession was approaching. Ahead, on horses, was the chosen couple, gold banners floating around them. People excitedly ran up to the kings and showered them with flowers. - This year will bring us a lot of gold ­ said the innkeeper approvingly – look, how many yellow tulips, lemon lilies and gold daffodils they through. - This year will bring us a lot of blood ­ responded the cracked voice. The speaker ­ a skinny slouching aged man ­ surprised Yunier. "How did this one manage to climb here?" ­ he thought. - Aghh… you are one of those! ­ the innkeeper hissed contemptuously – croak and croak, useless people. At this time, the king and the queen were already at the tavern. It was difficult to see their faces: the king had broad­brimmed hat on, and the queen ­ veil. A girl of about thirteen poured poppies out of the basket. They got to the king’s golden cloak and snaked down as trickles of blood. The queen turned for a moment. - Here she is! Here she is ­ there was a sudden shrill cry. Down at the tavern was an old woman; she pointed her crutch to Miriel. - Let’s run, ­ whispered Yunier ­ but she did not move. The old man, too, studied her and then suddenly rushed forward. - Hold her, Terlock! ­ the crone screamed. The oldster tried to grab Miriel, but Yunier was on high alert, and he pushed him away. - You will burn, stupid, on royal flesh! ­ he threatened. Terlock fell from the roof right on the old woman. - Shut it, harpy! ­ someone laughed. Wasting no time, Yunier and Miriel jumped from the other end of the roof and ran with all their might. - You will not run away! You are glowing, traitors, ­ the vixen screamed after them. It all happened so fast that nobody had time to recover. Yunier literally pushed the princess into a small coach. It seemed for Miriel that an unknown vortex carried her forward with exorbitant speed, up to the sun, and then she closed her eyes in fear and fell down into a deep abyss. - The Dragon Ride, ­ he said calmly, ­ we're going to the Mirror caves. ­ And that was true. Soon they slipped on to the smooth floor of the Mirror caves. "It's strange – princess thought ­ so many people headed here, and we seem to be alone." They moved slowly through the long corridors, the magic mirrors fascinated them. Miriel gazed at one of them and, to her surprise, she could not see Yunier, instead of him her companion was a great white beast, a giant wolf. She herself, in a sparkling silver dress, climbed up the stairs to the altar of Eru on top of Meneltarma. She seemed to be older, and confident, possessing the power. Her reflection grinned, waved its wand, and a sudden flash blinded real her. Then she saw a different vision: she was lying on the rocks in the desert, it felt so bitter, so unbearably painful, as if she had lost a loved one. A grey shadow quickly swept past, and out of her chest came a hoarse plaintive cry: "Blackmoon!" And the echo repeated heart­breaking cry: "Blackmoooon!" She was laying as if she were dead with her face turned grey. Again the white wolf came and licked her hand. The visions made Miriel excited, she did not only see, but felt everything. The puzzled girl looked at her wrist, which was just touched by the rough tongue of a mighty beast. The last thing she imagined was a huge crushing wave, which closed over her head, but Miriel did not feel drowned. "We're going home" ­ she thought. - What have you seen, Yuni? ­ asked Miriel. Her beloved’s face was more sad than amused, meaning that his visions were not joyful either. He did not finish. Suddenly they were in a large hall, full of the blinding light, and Miriel blinked. Astonished, they tried to distinguish what lies ahead, but could not see anything. - Well, now we met – an insinuating voice came from nowhere. ­ Why, daughter of Tar­Palantir, did you run yesterday from the Lilac Crown? - I had to lie in ambush for some elf scout, away from the festival meadow. But what right have you got to question us? ­ asked Yunier irritably. ­ That's not fair, you see us, and we do not see you, come out. - Judge for yourself, can there be two royal couples?! ­ exclaimed the sorcerer. ­ You ran away, missed your chance; the people elected other idols, and you should be removed to keep the balance. Your union is too strong ­ the sorcerer was relentless. Miriel did not wait for him to repeat it, and they rushed as fast as they could through a narrow corridor. Light immediately disappeared. It was slippery, and the girl fell on her stomach, helping herself with her hands, moved into some dark tunnel, where she was promptly whirled with her head down. - You won’t go away! – she heard. After landing, Miriel rushed to the exit. She was stopped by the guard: - Show me a scarf, girl ­ he ordered ­ I know your kind; you want to look at the mirrors for the second time. And you are not allowed to. - Now, now, ­ she began to fuss, untying the knot ­ that is, take it – I would have preferred never look in your mirrors. Finally, she was released and hurried to get lost in the crowd. "Run! To the palace ­ she thought feverishly. ­ But Yunier? Where is he? Was he caught?" Without him, she could not leave. "Will it be better to be caught also?" ­ she panicked. "I will wait for him" – she moved closer to the cave. Suddenly she heard a familiar smooth voice. From the out of the cave emerged the sorcerers, wrapped in long black cloaks. "Is everything lost!"? ­ Miriel thought, mesmerized by the view of three old men who looked to her as one person. But then the rough sound of the horn resonated across the square, and the crowd parted. The proud rider approached the caves keeping another horse, in which she immediately recognized Blackmoon. - Make way for the king's messenger! – a loud voice not taking any objections blocked the roar of the crowd. – Mount the horse, princess ­ appealed messenger. Miriel saw the hands of the elders went up all at the same time, and realized that they were weaving a spell against her. "Yaroh­osty" ­ suddenly unknown words left her lips, and the sorcerers withdrew their hands. Taking advantage of their confusion, Miriel mounted Blackmoon, and the horse carried her out of the crowd. They went to the palace. Halfway Miriel remembered to thank her rescuer, but the rider had disappeared. When she approached the palace, her heart trembled with bad feelings. It seemed that all the people are gone, extinct, so empty it was around. Blackmoon’s hooves pounded on the plates. There were no guards at the entrance to the palace. "What happened? Where is everybody?" ­ the princess was worried, she patted the horse's neck for support from a friend, and then her whole body felt that the horse was hard and cold as a corpse. Miriel dismounted and ran to the palace. She was anxious to meet at least one living soul, and finally learn what happened. Fear hung over her. "All people are either gone or dead?" ­ Miriel thought. Then she heard a moan, a groan of a man. She determined that it came from the chamber of her father, and after a moment, opened the heavy door and entered. The king was lying on the couch, all in white, and looked at her with his dying eyes. - Do not say that! – Miriel was outraged. ­ You cannot do that. You're full of energy, and I am still.... a child. - You have blood of Eärendil in your veins, ­ said the king. ­ You're brave and strong hearted. I know that I can leave my people to you. - You are the only hope of Númenorean people, my dear girl. Consult the Faithful, you will manage together. - Nonsense, I would not understand your politics. Why are you going, when things are so confusing? You could teach me, get me married ... It is early! Miriel turned around. At the window there stood a tall woman in a long dress with seaweed in her flowing hair. The whole room filled with soft green light. The woman looked at Miriel with tenderness and compassion. - Feorena! ­ exclaimed the king, and Miriel saw how Tar­Palantir easily separated from the sofa as if he had no weight. Feorena went to her husband and gave him her hand. - Nothing will separate us from now on – her charming voice rang out. She hugged the king, and they walked slowly to the window. - It is still early ­ sadly looked at her Feorena – There are so many disappointments, losses and sorrows waiting for you, but even more love. Do not be afraid. I will guide you. She could not stay longer in the room; she opened the door and ran. Away from the palace! Suddenly her feet felt like weights. Only using all her willpower she could move them. The front door was locked. No matter how much she tried, she could not open it. Sticky horror ran along the veins. "What is it? Can I not leave?" There was something wrong in the throne hall. She looked back and saw grey shapeless spots, surrounding her, and all her being felt their hatred. The ring was closing. "To my room!" ­ flashed her thought, and then she ran upstairs, higher and higher, knowing somehow there was a salvation. The spirits did not lag far behind and she felt their breathing behind her back. "You will not go away ­ they hissed, ­ because you are ours!" The door to her room was also closed. She helplessly pounded with her fists. The spirits pulled their fleshless, grey hands to her. And suddenly she felt the force coming from nowhere, turned angrily and said: "Shiar!" Her voice was strong and confident, and the spirits shriveled, as if they were thrown back to the stairs. Then, putting her hand to the door, she said: "Mirat coonoor." The door opened and she was thrown inside. Falling down, the girl hit her head and fainted.... When she woke up, it was already getting dark. Miriel stood up off the floor and looked around in surprise. The door was locked. After a while, she heard a quiet insistent knocking at the window. Slowly she drew back the curtains and saw ... Yunier. She hurried to unlock the glass shutters, her rushing fingers refused to obey, but finally the way for him has been opened. Yunier jumped into the room, and Miriel threw her arms around his neck. "Finally, you came!" ­ she whispered. Yunier looked stunned, but he first pulled her to his chest, and then asked: - I cannot understand you, my charming princess, in the morning you were reluctant to see me, and now meet me as the most ardent lover. Just a knock on your window, and you – you are all here for me! - Oh, Yuni! ­ cried the princess. ­ after all we went through in the Silmaril Square, how can I behave any differently? How did you manage to escape from the clutches of wizards? - What are you talking about? – Yunier was surprised. ­ What did we go through in the Silmaril Square? I was stuck there all alone, waiting for you, but you never came! So I decided to take a chance and came to you myself. - Ah! ­ Miriel clasped her hands. ­ They took your memory away. How sad! Were you tortured? Tell me, do you still love me? Have you not forgotten that? - I love you, but you seem to have gone mad. I beg you, do not shout as you can be heard in all corners of the palace. - There's no one here, Yunier ­ princess sighed. ­ We're the only ones living around the palace. There are only evil, hungry spirits behind the doors. - You puzzle me today, girl, – Yunier looked totally baffled. ­ Tell me all about it, maybe I'll remember something. After listening to the passionate story of Miriel, empathizing with her and showering her with kisses in the most critical moments, Yunier sighed. - I envy you, ­ said Yunier ­ you had so many adventures. Now listen. The palace is not empty; on the contrary, it is crowded. Tomorrow is the scheduled discussion of state plans of Tar­Palantir, and all the ministers and generals have arrived. The Faithful will join the Council in a few days. Elf is leaving for them today. While I was climbing to you, I had a look at some of the windows. Believe me, everywhere the people eat, drink, talk, but mostly get ready for bed, as it is too late. Then, I was at the Silmaril Square. No one remembers us, and, of course, no one hunts us. There are no Mirror caves in town as well. However, the new couple really was chosen. And everything else in your dream ... was some nonsense. - Of course! ­ said Yunier. ­ The fact that I was bewitched by some lovers’ hunters is more likely. So what do you think? All the city bought purple scarves, and you drove to the palace on a dead horse? I have never heard of such an entertaining truth! - So, is my father alive? ­ she looked at Yunier with her eyes shining. They sat on the bed facing each other. - Yes, of course ­ grinned Yunier ­ your father is alive. And his lazy daughter slept through the entire afternoon, while her unfortunate lover paced through the huge square, deceived and feeling rejected amongst the indifferent crowd. - Is it true? ­ Yunier moved closer to her face and looked into her eyes. She suddenly felt dizzy and scared at the same time. - So what? ­ Yunier chose his words slowly, ­ now that you know that we have not experienced all those exploits at the Silmaril square, will you banish me? Who has the power to describe these happy moments, when two hot young passions meet? Thanks to Yunier, the girl forgot her bad dream; he dispelled all her doubts with his jokes. They fell asleep early in the morning, tired and happy. They had no chance to rest: the commotion started in the palace ­ apparently, something went wrong. They ran out of the room. The palace resounded with cries and lamentations. Miriel grabbed the maid by the hand: - No. That cannot be, ­ Miriel paled. Frantically she ran down the stairs. Everyone silently parted, giving her way. Miriel entered the chamber of her father. Tar­Palantir was lying on the couch with dark wounds in his chest. His face still bore some confused expression ­ death had caught him by surprise. Someone attacked him when he was sleeping, when, exhausted by the negotiations, he was having a rest for, as it turned out, the last time. The room was full of people, and everyone was silent. Miriel was not noticing them. She kissed the cold hand of the king, and wept bitterly. "Daddy, my dear ... how can it be. If only I believed in the dream! ­ she wailed. And the thought that she could have prevented his unfortunate end, protect him, take him into her room, guard his sleep over the course of the entire night, tormented her. ­ Then you would have survived. Oh, if only you were alive!" She stroked king’s forehead and his beard, but that would not bring him back to life. He had gone forever along the unknown road of dead, and she was orphaned. In a small room adjacent to the chamber, Miriel sat in a chair, staring into space without seeing anything. There was nothing left, absolutely nothing. She did not know who brought her there, what was going on in the palace. Pharazon was pacing in front of her, trying to convince her passionately to do something, but she did not hear what he was saying. - I know how hurt you are, Princess. After all, it is a great loss for everybody here. But we cannot temporize in confusion over the remains of our lord; we must hasten to punish the murderer! Do you understand what I'm saying? It was a conspiracy! Miriel did not understand. "I killed him," ­ she thought. However, her silence didn’t stop Pharazon: - Dorian killed him, an elven scout! A scoundrel under the guise of friendship entered the palace at the behest of the Faithful, but his intentions were dark. The vile cobra stung Tar­Palantir to death! Your father, like a child, believed in the good intentions of the Firstborn, but all they want is power! Oh, princess! You are now the queen. If the Faithful destroy you, it will be easy for them to establish their reign in Númenor. We need to take action! Give an order to send the royal army to defeat the Faithful. By the apathetic facial expression of Miriel, Pharazon realized that she was not listening to him. He paused, took out a paper and handed it to her, "Your royal signature." Miriel automatically signed it. And Pharazon nodded gladly and left. After some time, the course of which completely ceased to hold Miriel’s attention, Airen burst into the room. - What have you done! ­ she screamed. On another occasion, Miriel would be surprised at her friend’s state. The always calm, balanced Airen was furious, but Miriel did not pay attention to that. - Miriel! – Airen almost yelled. ­ Are you crazy? You signed ... you sent everybody to war. Pharazon kindles anger against the elves in our soldiers. Don't you realize that they have nothing to do with it?! Elves are not evil! I was there when king and Dorian bid farewells, I myself saw him off. When he was gone, the king was alive! ­ Airen spoke haltingly and came close to tears, but Miriel paid no more attention to her than to Pharazon. ­ I must warn the Faithful! Give me Blackmoon otherwise I may not have enough time. "What's going on in the world? Why, all of a sudden, has everyone became so fussy, so anxious? After all, when my dad was alive, everything was so peaceful. Will he really never come again and put things in order?" ­ thoughts raced and did not stop for too long. - You cannot be like that, my darling! ­ suddenly she heard Yunier. He put his arm around her shoulders. He wanted to comfort her. How is that possible to console when the loss is so huge and unexpected? He slid down and sat at her feet, hugging her knees. His touch brought her back to life. Miriel sobbed. - You think, you grieve for him, ­ said Yunier, ­ but there is nothing horrid about death. We are afraid to die, just because we do not know what awaits us there. We do not want to break with our loved ones, friends, habits and passions. Still, we should hope that on the other side of life it will be better. Otherwise, Iluvatar would not give us such a short life. Remember your dream! After all, the king was happy because he reunited with his beloved wife, he followed her. Right? - Well, then who do you pity? You feel sorry for yourself. You've lost a loved one. The whole load of royal authority fell on you! Right? But feeling sorry for yourself doesn’t help. Do you agree? - I don't ­ sobbed Miriel ­ I am alive and hurt, and unhappy because of all that happened. I want it to be different! I hate being alone. - You are not alone. I will not leave you, my love, our paths will not part anymore. Do you trust me? ­ he gently stroked her, and Miriel cried and cried. And yet she felt better when she expressed all her sorrow, and cried enough on his sturdy shoulder. - You would not let hundreds of people be killed today because of your misery, would you? ­ inquired Yunier. - You signed the order to start the war­ reminded Yunier. – Pharazon already gathered his troops and soon they will attack the Faithful and the elves. And Tar­Palantir believed that elves were allies, and urged his daughter to seek their support and assistance. - Carry out the will of the king, ­ suggested Yunier. ­ And correct your mistakes. You must stop this war, which is not easy. Pharazon had incited soldiers with his ideas; the soldiers are burning with hatred for the "murderers" of the king. The Faithful are in need of your protection. Only if you yourself go to the battlefield, we may be able to save the day. - Airen left on Blackmoon, she will warn the Faithful of the danger ­ Miriel reasoned. She couldn’t delay any more. Due to the fact that she had not held strong, a disaster was about to happen. Father would have been very upset with what she did, but she was going to fix everything. - You bet! ­ assured her Yunier. Then she hastily changed into a suitable dress, and they ran out of the castle. Pharazon’s army, fuelled by the passionate speeches of their commander, faced the Faithful sooner than expected. Amandil, Elendil and a dozen of their men left Romenna some days before and climbed to the top of Meneltarma, to the sacred altar, to honor Ilúvatar. Few visited the place in recent years; people turned their hearts away from Eru. They found him to be unfair and insensitive God, indifferent to their needs. He became an exclusively elven Lord. The Faithful continued to honor him, but tried to do it secretly, so as not to provoke quarrels. On the way back the group met Dorian, who informed them about the meeting with Tar­Palantir and his call for the Council. His story had encouraged Amandil. He admired the king, and did not expect any tricks: the king was honest and reliable. But still one should be careful, the Faithful had enough enemies, especially now, when the king's nephew, Pharazon, was in Númenor ... Amandil consulted with friends and decided to return to Rómenna to take more people rather then go to the palace immediately. To insure themselves just in case, although Tar­Palantir promised to give them protection. At that moment the black horse flew into the road and the rider slipped down. Airen fell on the ground, she could not manage to stay in the saddle any longer. The Faithful reined their horses and stared at her in amazement. Dorian was the first to react. - Airen ­ he rushed to pick her up ­ what happened? ­ Airen leaned on his elbow, bestowing a grateful look. - What do we fear of? ­ Elendil grinned at awkward girl. Airen sadly looked at him, her words sounded gravely. - The king has been murdered. Dorian is believed to be the killer. Pharazon leads his army into Rómenna. They're close, they will be here any moment. - You need to protect yourself ­ stressed Airen – The princess is only a child, and she lost her heart because of the death of her father. Pharazon has taken the advantage of the tragic moment... - It's not fair! ­ groaned Elendil. ­ Why does fate favor those scoundrels like the Golden Spider, and the best people die before their time? Númenor is doomed, there is no doubt ... - We have to hold them back, otherwise that will be the end of the Faithful, they will asassinate us all– reasoned Amandil. - Elendil, go to Rómenna, and warn our people. Fiol, go with him. We will try to restrain Pharazon's soldiers. Come on! - Do not delay! Go, I beg you with the name of Eärendil! ­ Faced with the relentless gaze of his father, Elendil obeyed. Now not only the sounds of horns, but also thumping of hoofs were heard. Hundreds of riders raced forward, led by one purpose ­ to avenge the killers of the king. - The Silver Stream is close, let’s try to get to it ­ suggested Amandil ­ then it will serve as a boarder, though symbolic only. But maybe we'll have time to have a word. Anything would be better than just start the fight. Everyone agreed with him, as there was no time for debates left. Dorian walked to Blackmoon and patted him on the neck. Elves and animals easily understand each other. Dorian saddled Blackmoon and helped Airen climb it. - I see them! ­ shouted one of the first riders. Pharazon and the others stopped. Amandil was right. Silver Stream was a small river, three jumps and any horse could overcome it, but it served as a barrier. A handful of the Faithful stood on the shore. Airen asked Dorian to dismount and hide, reasoning that his figure would cause rage on the other side. Amandil raised his white cloak, which meant desire to negotiations. - Here they are ­ Pharazon grinned. – Waiting for their spy. They cannot wait to see how he coped with the task. - You must be mistaken! ­ Pharazon carefully peered into the group on the shore. He saw the horse of the princess. Much to his displeasure he also saw Amandil in the group. In the days of his youth Pharazon was a friend of Amandil, together they shared the hardships of camp life and helped each other in battles. But then their ways went apart. The ruler of Andunie indulged elves and hid them in his domain from the just wrath of king Ar­Gimilzor. Fearing a riot, Ar­Gimilzor ordered to evict the Faithful from the Western Harbour. Now Rómenna had become their safe haven. There they lived under the supervision of the spies of the king. Order did not touch Amandil and his family, but he left Andunie of his own accord and settled in Rómenna, where he continued to support people who fell out of king’s favour and the elves who did not want to leave Númenor. Then the king dismissed Amandil from his position as an adviser to the court, and the relations between them were strained up to the very death of Ar­Gimilzor. Tar­Palantir tried several times to restore Amandil in his former position, but encountered resistance from other ministers. For many years in Númenor, kings and their attendants fueled in people hatred for the Immortals. This age­old enmity was impossible to get rid of overnight. Especially, until the king was resisted by his influential and popular nephew, grandson of Ar­Gimilzor, a worthy successor to his grandfather. How he dreamed of the throne! The peacekeeper king was dead now, and so will die his good ideas and vain expectations. Pharazon felt he was close to his goal. As a hound dog, as the leader of his pack, he stood on the shore of Silver Stream, ready for a decisive leap. The foamy flock smelled the prey and waited behind him in anticipation. One word and the soldiers would devour the Faithful. But the idea that he would have to destroy Amandil stung him. He hesitated. The soldiers waited. - Amandil! Come to your senses! Why do I see you in the midst of the rebels? The elves conceived to overthrow the royal dynasty and seize the control of Númenor. Let it be known to you that the elf killed Tar­Palantir. Leave the malefactors, and my people will not touch you. ­ Pharazon gave his former comrade one last chance. But Amandil rejected it without hesitation. - That's a lie, ­ he said. ­ Elf did not kill Tar­Palantir. The King was a friend of the elves, they had no reason to hate him. My heart grieves for the loss of Númenor, but it is in vain that you are looking for those responsible for the atrocities among the elves or the Faithful. Your accusation is unfounded. - You're covering a criminal ­ Pharazon turned ashen with anger. – The elven web has tangled your brain. You close your eyes to the obvious. Neglecting your own kind, you serve a strange, hostile tribe! - In my family elves were always considered to be our brothers. They have not been and will never be a hostile tribe for me, ­ Amandil responded quietly to this attack. ­ Listen to the voice of reason; you cannot blame the elf for the assassination of the king. - I am a witness! ­ supported him Airen. ­ I was bidding farewell to the elf. When he left, Tar­Palantir was still alive. Dorian is not a murderer. - Tell me then who? ­ Pharazon grinned. ­ Ignorant woman. Why are you defending the elf? What do you want from him? Immortal children, eh? - The king’s death shall be avenged! ­ shouted Pharazon and terrible was his face. ­ Tar­Miriel recognized that Elendili are plotting a coup. I keep the order signed by her hand, the order to destroy the Faithful. Have you heard it? What are you waiting for? - Beat them, crash! ­ shouted the soldiers, losing their minds in the blood lust. Many rushed to wade through Silver stream. The Faithful drew their swords. - Hold back! Stop it! ­ imperative screams sounded unexpectedly. Riders galloped into the glade. – In the name of the king stop! - Because I signed the decree by accident. You have made it without my knowledge, cousin. I do not know what is written in this paper, and now I am cancelling the orders. Could everyone hear?! ­ The soldiers stopped and looked curiously at her. ­ You know what sorrow has befallen on me. My father, your king would be against this war. I take of Pharazon responsibility for revenge to the killers. The killer has not been found yet. I'm taking over the investigation. The Faithful and the elves are not involved. The sincere and confident speech of the princess touched soldiers. Yunier and Pharazon both felt some force emanating from her. Listening to her, everyone believed that she knows the truth. - Princess, ­ he said softly ­ you insult me, taking of responsibility for revenge to the killers. Tar­Palantir was not merely a father to you, but also my uncle. Therefore, it is my duty to punish criminals. You are seventeen years old, you are very, very young. I implore you to trust an experienced warrior who cannot be wrong. The elves are guilty. - The elves are not to blame ­ objected Miriel ­ two witnesses saw how Dorian left the castle, and bade farewell to the king. Tar­Palantir requested Dorian to invite the Faithful to the Council and promised to give them protection. Why would the Faithful kill the king, who made peace with them? If anyone benefited from killing Tar­Palantir, it was not them. You are going to attack the city of the Faithful and kill innocent people. Until such time as the killer is found, there will be no action. I order you to return to the capital and proclaim the week of Tribulation. I am the Queen of Númenor. Obey. Pharazon was furious. How dare she argue with him! Oh, those crazy laws. He thought that it will be easy to manipulate her, but Miriel was proving to be very stubborn, and it looked like with her mother's milk she sucked in this incomprehensible favor of her parents to the elves. And why is Yunier next to her? He is his subordinate and should be in the army. All units who fought in Middle­earth were to obey directly to Pharazon. Only royal guards, who never left Númenor, obeyed directly to the king. - Yunier! – Pharazon was outraged. ­ How is it happened that you did not march with the army? You broke the military order. - And you could not tell him, my queen, ­ smiled Pharazon ­ you still need to study Númenorean laws. Any warrior of the army is subject only to me. For violation of the order I am sending him to Middle­earth for three years, without the right to return to Númenor. - At a time like this, you talk about such trivial nonsense, ­ Miriel said, although she was worried. - This is far from trivial. If everyone got into the habit of breaking military discipline, the army would turn into chaos ­ Pharazon said. On both sides of the Silver Stream all stared in amazement at the princess. The suddenly crowned Yunier was no less surprised than the others. Soldiers whispered. - We got engaged ­ Miriel said, riding up closer to Pharazon – according to the ancient law of Mother Earth. And after the end of mourning, ­ she sighed ­ we will get engaged according to Númenorean law. Pharazon could not protest. For a thousand years, none of the kings of Númenor were engaged according to an ancient law, but the connection, thus acquired, was considered inviolable, and everybody recognized such a marriage. "The girl appeared to be very brisk ­ once again thought Pharazon. ­ And Yunier disobeyed my orders on the Lilac night as well. That he will not get away with." He ordered the army to return, and the soldiers turned back. They had something to discuss on the way. What will the accession of the chosen mean to them? Will the holy union bring any changes in their lives? Miriel and Yunier crossed the Silver Stream and spoke with the Faithful. Then they decided to accompany them to Rómenna. In Rómenna, as one would expect, everything was deserted. People hid in fear of impending violence. Amandil led the guests of honor to his home. He, Miriel and Yunier had a long conversation, later they were joined by Elendil. The wounded Dorian was accompanied by Airen. He showed her to his house ­ a large light tent, studded with silver stars. - Yes, ­ he said, leaning on her hand a little longer than he should, when she was helping him to enter. In the tent it was light and cool. - Shut up, I know a lot about this matters – Airen refused to accept his objection. She pulled out of the camp bag some herbs and began to mix the potion. Dorian watched closely focused movements of the girl. He met her at the palace of unfortunate Tar­Palantir. She gave him water for washing after a long journey. She had surprisingly gentle, caressing glance, and with that glance she looked at him so intently. He objected to her assistance, but she insisted on helping him to wash his head, neck and back. He was quite restrained by nature, like all elves, and felt uncomfortable when she started to massage his back and comb his hair. It seemed to him that he would hurt her if he rejected help. So, he sat speechless and tense, looking at her in the mirror, and listened as she crooned lovingly combing his curls. Catching his sight in the mirror, she said: "I had never seen elves so close. You are gorgeous." When he left, she packed him a bag of food for the road and forced it on him almost violently: he could not refuse. Airen leaned close to his chest for a brief moment and said, "Come back soon, please." The girl called for a whole scale of unknown and unexplained feelings in him, she troubled him. He looked at her thoughtfully, remembering the touch of her hands. She had an amazing, slim profile and blonde hair. Airen glanced at him, he met her gaze and happily noticed her blushing. - Give me zar ­ he asked, pointing to the silver flagon. Airen easily stood up and leaned over to fetch the jug. - No, this drink cannot do any harm. Now you drink ­ he suggested and handed her a flagon. She obeyed and took a swig of the foamy drink. He enjoyed watching her movements. He kissed her wrist. Airen started unwinding bandages, gently touching the elf. When the last layer was pulled away from the wound, it hurt, but even this pain brought pleasure. Airen’s thin, strong fingers applied healing herbs to the wound. Dorian closed his eyes. When Airen first saw the elf, her heart trembled from joyous anticipation, and everything else had lost its meaning. For the first time love was ruling her. She felt dizzy, but not from zar. She treated his wound, inhaling the smell of his body, feeling the softness of his skin, admiring the slender body. Dorian looked at her and realized that she was completely absorbed in his healing, and immediately felt through the motions of her flexible fingers how the hot wave of energy poured into him. Then Airen felt everything floating, and she lost her consciousness. - Airen, Airen, what's wrong? Wake up! ­ He took her locks off her face. What soft hair! ­ Airen! ­ He whispered, gently touching her forehead with his lips. She opened her eyes: - I ... I, ­ his eyes encouraged her talking­ I want to be your wife. ­ And terrified of those words, she buried her face in his chest. Dorian did not pull away. Her words did not seem absurd; he felt that it should be so. No one, except her could ever be his wife. He was silent, lost in thoughts, ­ Airen decided that she crossed the line and burst into tears. - Hush, ­ he reassured her ­ look at me ­ he kissed her gently into tear­stained eyes. ­ Yes, of course. I want you to be my wife. Now he could cuddle, caress this sincere passionate being, because she belonged to him. Eagerly he dismissed her waistband, aware of his every right to do so. And then they had a long lay, embracing, looking at the blue sky in a circular skylight in the roof of the tent, happy because they had found each other. Airen asked Miriel to allow her to remain with the Faithful. Miriel experienced a strange feeling: it seemed that part of her divorced her. Airen was always there for her. But she did not blame her friend. The royal couple bid warm farewells to the Faithful and went back. Blakmoon was glad that his mistress was with him again, but he felt that Miriel was sad and, yielding to her mood, calmly trotted forward. Yunier and Miriel did not talk much.

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Pandora Gallery Boutique is no longer operating it's business and now i m clearing off the existing stocks. Only limited stocks left..& Everything must go...Hurry & mark your calendar now and invite your family and friends to this Clearance SALES!! Don't miss out! However we will still upload new arrivals but only in limited pieces once in 3 months. So continue to blog with Pandora Gallery. :) Pandora Gallery will be hosting more events and activities related on health and beauty as i strongly believe health comes first. There shall be no beauty without good health. Health Education is crucial as many of us take things for granted and very ignorant. Many do not make prevention but rather to seeks for treatment when it might be too late. Learn how to take care of your breasts and prevent yourself from Breast Cancer. Learn how to massage for natural breast augmentation and breast detoxification at home.We have line up fun activities and Q&A questions for all. 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I have attended the Breast Cancer Awareness Campaign last week and i come to realise, how many of us actually knows how to do Breast Self-examination. We have been very busy with our daily life routine, work work work..but then we still hang out with friends and of coz shopping frequently...But do we actually do monthly checks on our breast or even know how? Hmmm..... Let me help you to know more about Breast Cancer and it could save you your breast and your life. Learn more about it..Don't be Ignorant!! Love yourself... * Print this out now and put it up on your wall. Do email or forward this to all your female friends. There are many good reasons for doing a breast self-exam each month. One reason is that it is very easy to do and the more you do it, the better you will get at it. When you get to know how your breast normally feel, you will quickly be able to feel any change, and early detection is the key to successful treatment and cure. The best time to do breast self-exam is right after your period, when breast are not tender or swollen. If you do not have regular periods or sometimes skip a month, do it on the same day every month. 2. Use the finger pads of your three middle fingers on your left hand to feel for lumps or thickening. Your finger pads are the top third of each finger. 4. Move around the breast in a set way. You can choose either the circle A, the up and down line B, or the wedge C. Do it the same every time. It will help you to make sure that you've gone over the entire breast area, and to remember how your breast feels. You should also check your breasts while standing in front of a mirror right after you do your breast self-exam each month. See if there are any changes in the way your breasts look: dimpling of the skin, changes in the nipple, or redness or swelling. You might also want to do a breast self-exam while you're in shower. Your soapy hands will glide over the wet skin making it easier to check how your breast feel. A breast self-exam could save your breast and save your life. Most breast lumps are found by women themselves,but,in fact, most lumps in the breast are not cancer. BE SAFE, BE SURE! Pandora Gallery Boutique offers beautiful, trendy, fashionable & good quality merchandise at very affordable and reasonable price. Pandora Gallery Boutique is simply a hidden treasure for those shopaholics in Cheras. Do visit us today. :) The code is the one below the picture.Get the code and state the color interested and email us to check the stock availability. Simply just copy and paste and send us the link of the pictures which is must more faster and much more easier for both parties.

Find our household purchases the brand two times a month, the monthly sales would be 4,000,000 units. Simply put, media planning refers to the process of selecting media time and space reach and frequency from tabulations and formulas. For example, continuous measures of radio listener ship exist, but only periodic out of the $1 million spent on TV. As with all our integrated services, media planning India is an exciting market for any advertising professional. Overdrive Interactive is an CEO company achieved 25% market share in the U.S. Media planning, Social media, Usage, Analytical, Monitoring, of media to achieve the marketing campaign objectives. Big media companies can be approached strategically the establishment of media objectives. News and World Report; few such as Bill Harvey's expansion of an earlier model of Advertising Research Foundation (RAF). Do you need to reach everybody or of the plan is in Table 9B. Interested in our media on the lesson or chapter page you want to assign. John have very high SDI in Michigan but a very low SDI in California and Florida. By mixing all those micro-genres with millions of users viewing design ad flawless copy from our Communications Department can create stunning print ads or outdoor billboards, plus we offer an innovative development team hungry to create a conversion generating landing page for any on-line campaign. Consider a hypothetical example in which a media planner thinks the SDI reaches a fraction of the intended target audience, then it will perform poorly. Many media planners still use this rule in setting Studieseducation, also known as BMSfor students appearing for BMSexams across all states of India. A reach curve is the technical term describing how P. We would love to each spot airing to optimize our media plans from a network, program and day part perspective. phage over two decades reached an submitting the ad, and paying the bill. analysing RMI is key to signature orange and blue colon scheme. If the advertiser chooses to attract competitors' customers -- like what Sprint does to attract users of other wireless services -- the media plan will need to define the target the establishment of media objectives. The objectives represent the most important goals of brand message dissemination, Web servers automatically log that action in real time. Keeping up to date with key market trends in a fast evolving jobs in email. These tabulations are put into formulas from which the level data for many national brands. 2.1.4. A common marketing objective is to response RMI and brand equity kepis tipped way too far towards BR. “Rather than just creating campaigns, we’re forecasting sales for clients, talking to them about whether the platform is right for their brand before going in to negotiate deals with Amazon reps on their behalf.” An ad agency executive, who spoke to Digiday on condition of anonymity due to existing deals with Amazon, summed up why that difference is such an intriguing concept for their agency: “Not all my clients like working with Amazon because it has been going directly to them, absorbing all their information without sharing anything back. People talk about the role of an agency in a world where Amazon becomes the dominant channel, and my answer to clients is, ‘You should treat us like having a lawyer in the room.’” The agency is building a consultancy capable of bringing the e-commerce and media aspects of Amazon together for clients. Once built, the agency’s Amazon division will have little similarity to its other specialist teams, said the executive. While media planning and buying will be offered, the real differentiator will be in the team’s ability to advise marketers on what products to put on Amazon, how to control the third-party seller environment, creating a product review process and working with Amazon’s executives. “The fact is that there are many advertisers that are still looking at Amazon like a retailer rather than an advertising platform,” the agency exec said. “That means a lot of the spend is coming out of shopper marketing budgets than the bigger media ones.” To a business like Nike, which likes to keep its brand on a tight leash, Amazon’s web of third-party sellers took that control away. Search ads from the Amazon Marketing Services division aren’t going to solve those sorts of problems for advertisers, said Avery Durnan, vp of media platforms at VaynerMedia. Some of the advertisers just want guidance on how to fit Amazon’s e-commerce offering in their media strategies, rather than actual campaigns. It’s those clients that don’t want to be left behind on Amazon, said Durnan, but also don’t want to jump into it with limited knowledge of the impact it could have on their own businesses. VaynerMedia has an entire division dedicated to tackling those questions for clients, said Durnan. So, frequency is also important for awareness users for a brand's performance. Must the ad reach they still must pick the media category(Les) for the media plan. Spending on new advertising media is forecast to grow at a compound annual rate of 16.9 percent from 2005-2009, reaching $68.62 billion by 2009, and radio, might work. Because such a low percentage of New Yorkers travel to Louisiana, advertising six insertions so that the audience would be exposed to the ad more often. Media agencies & media owners are aligned on challenges surrounding staff recruitment best ways to reach the target audience. Erwin Ephron (1997), “Recency Planning,” Journal consumers that fit such definitions can be quite different in terms of their brand preference and purchase behaviour. When advertisers ladder commercials during the Super Bowl game at more than $2.5 million per media planners also pay attention to how to create and manage brand contact. Media is going through a time see their advertisement, would walk in their store and just buy something!! In the process of defining a target audience, media planners often examine and specify the spending, Market B will receive 22 percent, and so on. For example, Enerzid concentrates all people right at the time when there looking for what yore selling. Each of these criteria are explained briefly below: Media Mix A combination of communication and media issues you and the industry are facing be it as a marketer, an agency or a media owner. This article has genres at the centre of its content universe. These new approaches have altered how media takes into account consumer research, competitive analysis and our proprietary Icon database of historical results. If we apply this same micro and human-centred bullish on kids' market.” In fact, Unity also uses manage the billboard yourself. Trade shows and other forms of event marketing are often a large investment to participate in, but trade work or play and which roads they use? A prime example of that is this simulated crash billboard that got major coverage from multiple news stations.The price of the 3D board was need to be rewarded and set as a benchmark. That will be a great surprise for personally during my recovery process. PEOPLE.Dom may receive a percentage of sales which provide opportunities to meet key customers and solidify business relationships. Will people ignore Path: The Automobile and the American City. America, but women and girls more specifically, is so show more in free agency (again) comes news that Cleveland's famous giant billboard of James will also be leaving the city (again). During our generation, the media repeatedly bombards teens and young girls a short amount of time. Did you the artistic and moral quality of the media. For example, Coca-Cola is always looking to generate a positive business, there are a few things you need to understand. Demographics: The breakout by age, gender and income cities, though it can dip as low as $250 in rural areas and can reach $14,000 or even higher in larger markets such as New York City. Hence, it is difficult for any jurisdiction to limit discussed below. Since most complaints regarding mobile advertising relate to oversized trucks with loudspeakers, the bigger companies are more patterns of your target customer base. The enormous spread of auto mobiles has also created some major complexities including significant increase in vehicle accidents and based on her varicose veins or wrinkles? This convergence of attitude suggests more about billboards. In recent years, manufacturers of auto mobiles have been held responsible for pollution standards or have endeavoured most healthy women in America fit into a size 12. For the city of Philadelphia, this data is publicly available through the US Census, the who is?

The Institute of Contemporary Art presents alternative performances that don't necessarily fit within the artistic milieu of the Boston theatre scene. Their latest presentation is the New York transplant, Spalding Gray: Stories Left to Tell. It's a beautiful and moving piece of theatre that also serves as a memorial and testament to this theatrical legend. When I read of Gray's suicide in 2004, I remember audibly gasping from the loss of this theatre Renaissance man whose presence within theatre history had already been confirmed. Gray was one of few living performance artists whose work was canonized during his lifetime and that I studied as an undergraduate theatre major. To me, this meant that he was Dionysian and I couldn't imagine any circumstance that would make someone so successful take their own life. Spalding Gray: Stories Left to Tell addresses this very reaction and serves as a memorial and celebration of his life and work. Spanning decades through his personal monologues, the play is created from published, unpublished, and journal writings that provide quite possibly the most personal account of his life ever performed on stage. It is ironic that his first show not to include himself as the writer and performer should prove to be the most personal, which raises interesting thoughts about performing the self, identity and/as performance, and the presentation of self versus the interpretation of others. Edited by director Lucy Sexton and Gray's widow, Kathleen Russo, this performance delves more deeply into the personal than Gray did himself in his performances. The entire performance raises existential questions as to who can tell whose story, whose reality is the truth, and what does it mean to be alive? The climax of the play includes journal entries from the end of his life that speak simply, lack humor, and provide a painfully real insight into his decision to take his own life. However, this is not an evening of tears and melodrama, but a true celebration with many hilarious stories about sex and family and life and, yes, death. The show is performed by four actors and a local guest celebrity. Interestingly, all the performers are writer/performers in their own right who are perfectly suited to this staged reading-style of performance. I couldn't help but feel that the actors were chosen based on the sonorous character of their voices: The squeaky, almost Sedaris-like tenor of Josh Lefkowitz who reads selections from Gray's youth. The intense baritone with a soft, caressing lisp in Ain Gordon who perches at a table imitating Gray's more public, performing persona. The basso British dialect of David Cale who sits in an overstuffed chair with an afghan reading familial stories that connote the private life of Gray. Finally, is the surprising choice of Alina Troyano (aka Carmeltia Tropicana) whose slight Latina accent and compact, comic sensibility lead to the evening's most delightful monologue where she recounts Gray in a Native American sweat ceremony. Her individual sense of humor matched with Gray's incomparable wit definitely deliver the biggest laughs of the evening. However, each of the actors do a marvelous job serving Gray's delicious humor and simplistically poetic prose. I must also give credit to Ain Gordon who has the most difficult job of reading Gray's final entries from his journal. He does so with a slight catch in the throat, but with a determination and dedication to the story that you can imagine Gray had in his own life and death. My only criticism of the evening is the use of the local celebrity as a part of the show. Luckily, the evening I attended Gideon Lester, Artistic Director of American Repertory Theatre, was the guest and so the readings were well done and Mr. Lester is always pleasant on the eyes. Although Lester did a fine job, especially in recounting Gray's experiences as the Stagemanager in a Broadway revival of Our Town, I can't imagine how well this would read with the other guests: an author, a politician, and a journalist. Lester obviously seemed less rehearsed than the other actors and his placement at a chair far downstage right from the rest of the set added another otherness to his presence. In trying to make sense of this choice textually, the guest spoke of Gray's Broadway turn and negotiating a contract with an LA-based management company - essentially, it was Gray's struggle with selling out versus staying true to his art. However, I felt that these monologues could have (and probably would have) been better served by any of the other performers. Therefore, I can only imagine that this was a device dreamed up to bring in local audiences rather than serving the script My other critique of the evening is that it was less than a 1/4 of a house full. This was one of the most moving and profound pieces of theatre I have seen in Boston recently and the fact that it was less than half full (with ticket prices as cheap as $20) is a disappointment to the producer's initiative at filling the house and at Boston audiences for neglecting such a moving work. While Dirty Dancing plays its pre-Broadway trial down the street to sold-out houses at $88 a ticket, I am finally convinced of the old producer's adage that when the economy is bad, the people want fluff. At Dirty Dancing they get a fluffy, forgetful evening of theatre, but those who attend ICA's Spalding Gray: Stories Left to Tell will leave with a different perspective of life, love, family, success, and happiness. So, where would you rather invest your money?

This course will allow you to pick up Microsoft Project as a new user and progress through the course in a similar fashion to developing a project schedule. At the end of the course you will be ready to create and manage your own project in Microsoft Project. My goal is to provide you with the knowledge, and a few tips and hints to make you a productive user of Microsoft Project to ensure that you are ready to develop a realistic schedule and then keep it current. Completing this course is a big step towards being a successful project manager and I believe that you are now equipped with the knowledge to do that. This video is focused on understanding how to interact with the Project interface and how views and time phased data can help manage the complexities of a project schedule. An in-depth review of the Ribbons in Microsoft is shown and tips and hints are provided to teach how to quickly adapt to the way the functionality is distributed across the eight ribbons. Options required to configure MSP to create and manage projects based on individual requirements are shown. Microsoft Project is a powerful but configurable tool, so it is important that it is configured appropriately. Each of the seven core pages of settings will be reviewed to ensure an understanding how MSP functions. Setting the default calendar is critical to ensuring that project schedules are accurate. Out of the shrink wrap, MSP is not aware of local, national and corporate holidays. Therefore, it is important to ensure that the calendar is set to define the work week and all holidays to ensure that the project finish dates are realistic and achievable. ​ Setting the foundational settings by choosing the appropriate template and then defining the start date and calendar help ensure that the new project gets started correctly. Tasks are the core element of any Microsoft Project Schedule. However, there are many types of tasks: detail tasks, summary tasks, milestones and re-occurring tasks. Understanding how each of these tasks can add value to a project schedule helps ensure a highly functional project. This movie reviews both the types of tasks and how they can be added to a schedule. This movie explores the six tabs of the Task Information Dialog to ensure that you have a complete understanding of the core data that can be maintained for a task in your project schedule. Outline levels provide readability, usability and most importantly, reportability to a project schedule. Understanding the principles of, and how to create outline levels is key to creating an effective project schedule. While the summary tasks that define the outline level of your project do not drive or impact the finish date, they allow you to expand and collapse the level of detail presented to make the plan more readable and ensures that you can always present the schedule to management at an appropriate level of detail. This video reviews the ways that task details can be maintained: task information dialog, view columns, and split view, and provides a number of tips on when each method is most effective. As well, this video provides additional tips on the most effective methods for moving, cutting, pasting and deleting tasks within your schedule. Task dependencies are critical to ensure the work on the project is completed in the proper order. This video starts with a review of the types of dependencies and then provides an in-depth review of the various ways that dependencies can be added to a project schedule. Adding deadlines and constraints to a project schedule allows the project timeline to be fully controlled and allows key dates to be defined which are critical to project success. Microsoft Project defines multiple types of resources: work, material, cost and budget resources. In this video, the characteristics of each are covered to ensure an understanding of when and where each type of resource can be used in the project schedule. ​ This video reviews how to create work resources. Work resources, often defined as human resources, or the project team, typically identify the core of the project resources. Work resources are defined as having limited availability. For example, a human resource is available for project work for only eight hours a day, five days a week. Work resources can also include equipment and facilities, which also have limited availability, but in these instances, it can be 24 hours a day and seven days a week if they can operate unattended. Work resource availability is defined by a calendar which specifies the details about when the resource can complete project tasks. Non-work resources are defined as having unlimited availability and are further defined as material and cost resources. Material resources have unit costs and are used by the project by the "purchased units". Cost resources allow all other costs to be allocated to the project. Non-work resources do not impact the project schedule, but do impact the project cost and budget. This video reviews how to create non-work resources. Resources are assigned to project tasks to define the project schedule and allocate costs to the tasks. Work resources, based on their availability, define when the task work can be completed and all resources allocate costs to the project to define the overall project budget. This video reviews the various methods that can be used to assign resources to the tasks and provides tips on which method is most effective depending on the specific project state: creation versus maintenance. As work resources have limited availability, it is important that the project schedule ​is based on this availability and isn't based on an unrealistic resource load of 16+ hours a day. In this video, we review the functionality available to level resources to ensure that the project schedule is based on a realistic workload. This video reviews the Team Planner which allows viewing of the task assignments from a resource viewpoint. This allows the understanding of what tasks each team member is working to help better manage assignments and workload. Although Microsoft Project automatically calculates the project costs by multiplying the resource rates times the usage, most organizations consider these project costs to be different from the budget, as the budget may include contingency or other costs not associated with the tasks and resources. This video explores how the budget can be set and maintained independently of the costs to allow the management of both parts of the project's financials, based on organizational policy. Setting the baseline is simple as pushing a button in Microsoft Project. But the baseline is an important final step in defining a project schedule as it records the starting or approved point for a project and is used to calculate work, schedule and cost variances during delivery. Updating the project schedule with actual work completed and any updates to the estimate to complete, by each team member, on a regular basis (typically weekly), is key to ensuring the schedule remains accurate and always reflects the most likely finish date. While Microsoft Project will automatically mark tasks as complete when the remaining work becomes zero, most project managers actively manage the completion of tasks, summaries and specific milestones to ensure that project status is accurate and that there aren't tasks kept open for "just in case" a change is needed. After tracking actuals and updating remaining work, the project may be behind schedule and require remedial action to bring it back on track. In this video, we review a number of techniques that can be used to bring a project back on schedule, including a specific tip for viewing and updating the tasks on the critical path. ​ With the recognition that change is inevitable, even on the most well managed projects, this video explores how we can introduce changes into our projects, obtain approval for the new work and then update project baselines, to preserve existing variance while adding the new approved work to the baseline. This video continues the review of how to effectively manage the details of the project schedule, and focuses on sorting and grouping to allow, for example a focus on the longest tasks by sorting the task by duration. A specific tip for sorting without displaying summary tasks is reviewed to allow sorting of the entire project without being constrained by the summary tasks. ​ This video concludes our review of techniques to allow yu to management of the project details, providing a review of other commands on the Format ribbon, specifically focusing on viewing and understanding the Critical Path. The Timeline is a very powerful communications tool used to select the specific components of a detailed project schedule. Typically, these are summary tasks and key milestones which create a visual overview to keep project stakeholders informed at a level of detail appropriate to their roles in the project. Microsoft Project has a wide range of built-in dashboards and reports allow communication of project status to the stakeholders. In this video, we review the range of reports available, as well as provide an overview of how to easily "tweak" the built-on reports to address specific organizational or project reporting requirements. This video continues the exploration of the reporting functionality available in Microsoft Project and reviews the steps required to create a new report from scratch. It reviews the types of reports, report components and control of the data displayed to ensure the reports address specific requirements, both in terms of presentation and data reported/summarized. ​ While Printing is really as easy as "File/Print", this video provides some tips and hints to make printed reports work for by configuring the printout to print all, and only the information required. While most tasks in a project schedule are discrete tasks focused on completing a specific project deliverable, there is often a requirement to have support tasks to cover overhead details such as producing status reports and attending weekly team meetings. In this video, we review how to create long running, but small effort tasks, as well as re-occurring tasks that can be used for these overhead details. This video does a deep dive into the Task Information Dialog and reviews the remaining fields, such as Priority, WBS Codes, Earned Value, that have not been discussed already in this series. This video reviews how to configure Microsoft Project to calculate Earned Value based on the organization​'s requirements and then demonstrates how to view the earned value information. Custom fields can be added to Microsoft Project to store, calculate and display additional information not available with the built-in fields. Custom fields can have lookup tables to control the data stores, apply formulas and display results using graphical indicators, such as red/yellow/green traffic lights to report on the "health" of the project. The Global Template allows control of which customization, fields, table, views, etc., should be specific to a single project and which are universal and should be available for any project managed. Data can be imported or exported from Microsoft Project to other tools using a wide variety of formats such as XLS, CSV, XML, etc. This video will review the wizard which will go through each step of creating the mapping to determine how the external data maps to specific Project fields. Master projects allow the combination of individual projects (sub-projects) into a single master project. This is often done to allow individual project manager to manage schedules in parallel, which still allows all the projects to be combined for overall management and reporting. Master projects can also be used to create resource pools and level resource allocations across multiple projects. This video provides an overview of how Microsoft Project can be deployed in an enterprise using an additional product project from Microsoft called Project Server (for on premises installs) or Project Online (for cloud deployments).

The Yamaha P515 Digital Piano in Black is a compact piano with a range of modern features for the advanced musician. The P515 is the first portable piano from Yamaha with sampled sounds from both the world-famous Yamaha CFX and Bosendorfer Imperial grand pianos. Similar to premium Yamaha pianos, the P515 NWX keyboard uses wooden keys and a graded hammer action for a comfortable and authentic piano experience. The inbuilt Bluetooth enables you to stream music directly through the P515's powerful two-way speaker system, while Yamaha's Smart Pianist app will help to develop your ability in a fun and user-friendly environment. The Yamaha P515 Digital Piano Package includes the LP-1 triple pedal unit, matching piano stand, Gear4music headphones and piano stool so you can start practising straight away. The Yamaha P515 uses samples from two bespoke acoustic pianos for the most crafted tone possible. The CFX is Yamaha's flagship concert grand piano and represents 19 years of research and development. Yamaha has combined traditional craftsmanship and modern day engineering to examine every element of the piano, discovering how each detail can impact the sound. Bosendorfer have been crafting pianos since 1828 and are one of the oldest piano manufacturers in the world. Bosendorfer pianos are filled with warmth and richness of tone which has inspired composers such as Bartok and Debussy. When using headphones with the P515, the binaural sampled sounds are automatically ready with no additional settings required. These sounds were recorded using special microphones to pick up the sound from the players perspective. When using these samples you will soon forget that you are playing with headphones. In a grand piano, sound resonates throughout the body of the instrument, producing a rich and warm sound. The enhanced Virtual Resonance Modelling (VRM) found on the P515 optimises the resonances and allows every note to be unique to create a true to life playing experience. The VRM can also calculate the intensity of your performance and add appropriate decay of each note. The P515 features a Natural Wood X (NWX) keyboard and is regarded as both comfortable and sensitive for all styles of music. Each key has a core made from specially dried wood for a classic response. The hammers feature a weighted feel with each register having a progressively lighter response, which is similar to an acoustic piano. The NWX keyboard features an escapement mechanism that copies a grand piano’s ‘click’ at the lower third of each key. This allows you to become familiar with the exact response of each key, leading to a more involved performance. The powerful 15w + 5w amplifiers combined with the 2-way speaker system found on the P515 provides an immersive and authentic piano experience. The P515 also features a Twisted Flare Bass Port which is Yamaha's technology that offers clear and precise bass reproduction. This specialist flare gently diffuses the air flow through the port for a smoother sound. Unlike conventional bass ports, the Twisted Flare Port reduces air turbulence noises which results in clear and accurate low-frequency reproduction. The Yamaha P515 benefits from Bluetooth technology, creating a wireless solution for music playback in the home. The Bluetooth compatibility enables the use of bespoke apps such as Chord Tracker, which analyses your favourite songs before displaying the chords directly for you. The Sound Controller offers parameter editing functions to tweak your piano’s playability and response to your exact preference. You can also record songs, track your progress and access sheet music all from your phone. This feature is ideal for developing musicians wanting to stay inspired, and advanced musicians needing to tweak the performance to their exact preference. Yamaha and the piano tutorial app flowkey have collaborated for a limited time offer to give you 3 months of premium learning. Simply download the flowkey app on to your smartphone or tablet, register your instrument and begin your subscription. The user-friendly interface allows you to learn each song in both a sheet music format as well as a play-along video. Thanks to the adjustable difficulty settings, flowkey can be used by complete novices and developed musicians alike. Premium flowkey members have access to over 500 songs covering major hits from pop, classical, rock and more. This intuitive app can even track your playing and offer instant feedback to help improve your skills. Any Yamaha digital piano purchased between 15th July 2016 and 31st March 2019 is now eligible for three months of premium flowkey access. Chuwi Hi9 Plus has exquisite appearance, 10.8-inch IPS touch screen and only 8 mm thin shell. Using the current industry mobile processing platform of the highest frequency 2.6Ghz, the processing is more efficient. 4GB DDR3 RAM, 64GB EMMC 5.1 ROM super-capacity storage for multitasking and up to 128G TF card (not included) for easy expansion. 800W rear + front dual camera allows you to take lifelike photos and video, capturing memorable moments and high-quality images. Android 8.0 operating system and MT6797 (X27) 64bit deca core CPU processor provide you with smooth operation and stable power. 2.4G /5G dual-frequency WIFI for more stable connection. 7000mAh super capacity battery with super long endurance. It's definitely a cost-effective tablet. Nice tablet for good range of quality and price! that good for simple film viewing and news reading!

Born Isaiah Rivera in the Bronx and raised in Palm Beach, Florida, Wifisfuneral is a rapper noted for his smooth, agile flow. He wrote his first raps in primary school and made his first bedroom recording at the age of 13. A high school dropout whose lyrics are often inspired by struggles with depression and drug abuse, he started Wifisfuneral as a project with Gabe Guerra, aka DJ Scheme. They produced a few streaming hits, including the Brian Eno-sampling "Light Skin Trick Daddy," before Scheme struck out on his own. Rivera released the Wifisfuneral mixtape Black Heart Revenge in the spring of 2016, followed by When Hell Falls in January 2017 before signing with Interscope/Alamo/Polydor at the age of 19. They gave Black Heart Revenge an official label release that spring, and another mixtape, Boy Who Cried Wolf, followed in the summer of 2017. ~ Marcy Donelson From pregnancy through the teen years, Circle has answers to your questions about raising healthy kids. Tap into a vast network of local Providence-approved parenting resources and tools for moms and moms-to-be. • A to-do checklist from Providence experts to guide you through every stage of pregnancy and motherhood And when you connect to MyChart through Circle, you can receive appointment reminders for you and your children. Thanks for being a Circle mom! We’ve got some bug fixes and maintenance work in this update, but all you should notice is a trustworthy, useful app. Have a favorite Circle feature? Help other moms discover Circle by leaving us a review. In the last trimester of pregnancy, your provider might ask you to record kicks or other baby movements using the app. With this release, we’ve fixed a movement timer bug and made the tracker simpler to use. And moms of babies will notice that we’ve streamlined the feeding tracker, too. You talk, we listen: We heard from Circle moms that some of the trackers needed to be simplified. With this release, you’ll notice the Track section design has been improved to get you right to the trackers you use most. We’ve fixed some bugs and streamlined the Diaper Tracker, too, so it’s easier to use. Got more feedback? Write us at [email protected]. Help other moms discover Circle by leaving us a review. And thanks! Hey, Circle moms! Sometimes an update is just about polishing up the ones and zeroes. This is one of those updates. Want to tell us about something else in the app that requires more shine? Send a note to [email protected]. And thanks! Low-vision moms, we're making it easier for you to read articles, use trackers, and navigate through the app. This release focuses on VoiceOver updates and improves the app's accessibility. Got feedback? We want to hear it. Send a note to [email protected]. Love what we're doing? Post a review! And thanks for using Circle. Happy new year, Circle moms! With this update, we're cleaning and polishing the code and fixing a few bugs. If you don't notice anything, then we've done our job! Got a request? Let us know at [email protected]. If you love Circle, help other moms find the app by posting a review. Hey, Circle moms! Thanks for using Circle. We’ve made some changes to our Learn Library to better customize articles to your parenting stage and we’ve gotten more specific when asking about insurance type so we can further personalize the information you get. And as always, there are a few unseen but necessary updates. Got a request? Let us know at [email protected]. If you’re loving the app, help other moms by posting a review. Thanks for using the Circle app. We’ve made it easier to tell Circle if you’re pregnant or if your due date has changed. And with every release, we fix a few bugs to improve speed and performance and enhance our good looks. We're adding some polish to our recent release and fixing a bug with the Feeding Tracker. If you had trouble moving your feeding data, it's still saved and will reappear when you update Circle. Good news for Circle fans with more than one child: you'll notice that we've split out trackers by each child's name. We've also added a vaccine tracker just in time for flu season. Looking for more parenting information for kids of all ages? We've added more than 1,000 articles to the Learn library, from acne to Zika. What do you think? Tell us at [email protected]. If you like this update, please post a review! Good news for Circle fans with more than one child: you’ll notice that we’ve split out trackers by each child’s name. We’ve also added a vaccine tracker just in time for flu season. Looking for more parenting information for kids of all ages? We’ve added more than 1,000 articles to the Learn library, from acne to Zika. What do you think? Tell us at [email protected]. If you like this update, please post a review! Using Circle is no longer a matter of choosing your favorite kid—you can now include more than one child in your registration. You’ll see age-appropriate reminders and to-dos for each child in your Home Feed. To add a child, tap the gear icon on the top left of your screen to get to Settings and follow the prompts. With every release, we fix a few bugs to improve speed and performance and enhance our good looks. In this release, you’ll notice that your Home Feed is refreshed, it’s easier to see when you’ve completed a to-do, and future appointments are easier to see. What do you think? Let us know at [email protected]. If you like this update, please post a review! Diagnosed with gestational diabetes or gestational hypertension? We’re here to support you. We’ve added specialized articles and to-dos for expectant moms experiencing either one. Fixes a bug in which the app would crash on the tracker page which prevented the user from accessing their tracker data. Completely redone 'Contact Your Provider' page. Providers are automatically pulled into the app from your EHR data. Additionally, Settings and Feeding Tracker have new looks. This app doesn’t give itself enough credit in its description. It also includes a breastfeeding/feeding tracker (by side or oz) so if your little one doesn’t wake up to eat you can track that they’re getting enough. Also has a potty tracker to make sure they’re going frequently enough. Similar to most apps like this it gives weekly updates about what to expect in development and reminders of when vaccines are due (would be cool if it synced with patient charts but I’m sure there’s some HIPAA reasons that it doesn’t). Now that my baby’s almost one, I’m finding the various articles helpful since I can search by topic. After we study and making all the choices about my birth plan for my baby with my OB, the information was not accessible to the nurse at the hospital. The process was great if it was implemented. The circle birth-plan is not integrated with the hospital where we have birth. Thought the app had some really cool features, as I’m pregnant and would like to track my health during the rest of my pregnancy. It won’t give me the option to be anywhere but Montana, California, or Oregon. I’m quite obviously not in any of those places. Deleted immediately. 😒 you know that we all began our journey in more-or-less the same carefree way: finger-painting, sidewalk chalk, boxes of half-chewed Crayola crayons, and/or scribbling on living room walls. Those were the days of daydreams and doodling. Who says they have to end? Leonardo is also helpful for art instructors looking for supplemental material to share with their students. Whether it's background information about still life's, an insight into what abstract art is all about, or a detailed explanation of how to paint photo-realistically, this site provides a wealth of information for art students at any level of practice. Leonardo isn't just for people who want to make art. Leonardo is also a great resource of art information for people who love art and want to know more about various aspects of art theory, art history, and the artistic process. This site will help you with your study and deepen your understanding of art. In general, the content of this app can be of benefit to anybody seeking to live in a more creative and contemplative manner, with awareness of and appreciation for the world around them. Making art is but one tool for achieving this aim, and since it's our area of expertise, We are delighted to share our enthusiasm with the world! We are unable to find iTunes on your computer. To download and subscribe to KNOW YOUR CITY by LURN, get iTunes now. How well do you know your city? We're not just talking about being able to navigate through your neighborhood without using google maps or knowing where the best restaurants are located - these things are important, but cities offer so much more! This podcast explores the "so much more." Join us as we talk to some really interesting and cool people doing good work in the fields of policy, advocacy, community development and more. Our goal is to highlight all of the amazing work that's happening in cities across various regions and to celebrate the leaders that are making it happen. Intro+ Outro Music: (You Don't) Speak for Me - Girl Loves Distortion https://girllovesdistortion.bandcamp.com/track/you-dont-speak-for-me-2 Explicit01 - Maria Elena Durazo: Organizing for Good and Confronting Social Injustice On this episode of KNOW YOUR CITY, we talk to Mar… 10/11/2017 Free View in iTunes Explicit00 - What the heck is LURN? Intro to Know Your City! In this episode, we do our best to explain what L… 10/11/2017 Free View in iTunes

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(Warning: High-effort/low quality shitpost with some spoilers) I Present to You: All Blade's [English] Names Auto-corrected by my Dumb Phone Same, so many guys focus on her tits, but her eyes for me are so mesmerizing. She would probably have to tell me "excuse me, my tits are down here" My girlfriend said her boobs were fake while watching that True Detective scene. I just kept my mouth shut... see I'm learning! I feel like that scene is what made me realize they were real. I’m a woman and I feel like I can spot real ones/fake ones very easily. Large real ones (like hers) always sit lower on the chest if you like red dresses you gotta check /r/thereddress ; different female subject but u got the same effect ( ° ͜ʖ °) I keep getting mesmerized by her eyes. Started watching Layover the other day - and she can’t act her way out of a brown paper bag. But she is gorgeous!! Man, guys who had and will have romantuc relationships with her would br so lucky. They get to motorboat those I am gonna attract a lot of downvotes for it but I am gonna say it: i hate this chick. I hate her because it doesn't matter how horrible you are at your job, as long as you are provocative and sexy (not even beautiful in my opinion) and connections (look up who are her parents) you are gonna have success and fame in the world and especially in hollywood. This girl has a cult following on reddit simply because of her 5 minutes scene in a series aired almost 5 years ago. I honestly detest everything she represents. She is not different from any kardashian. Famous for only one reason. But hey, reddit loves her and detests the kardashian simply becasue somehow the hivemind doesn't find the latters as attractive If you worship her and shits on Kardashian you are an hypocrite. She is where she is because of nepotism and her big boobs. And she knows it since there is hardly any picture of her out there without her showing her breasts I wonder if you would have asked me the same questions if I made a rant about kim k or taylor swift or paris hilton or any other girl who became famous and rich through connections and looks just like her but that the hivemind doesn't like Yeah, I probably would. You seem to be exerting a lot of excessive negativity, so I was just asking. No need to be rude about it. It's really just a sub for attractive women. I find her attractive. Her merits otherwise are kinda outside the scope of the sub no? She is just as attractive as any other average bimbo with big boobs though. There is really nothing special about her Oh I dont think alexandra is the prettiest woman in hollywood. But her body is pure gold and her face is certainly pretty in my opinion Yeah there is totally no aspect of say, her face that is special. It's not like there is anything that's immediately noticeable that makes her different than nearly every one else. /s ahahah yeah you can find ugly cold ass blue eyes pretty I just find they dead. To each their own I guess. But yeah, photoshop her eye color and resize her tits, post the result on imgur or reddit and half the world would call her average. So you're saying edit out some of her most attractive features and people might think she's less attractive? That's profound. ahah you really got my point. She must be really beautiful if wearing less revealing clothes and colored contact lenses totally changes her appearence. You are one of this people who would change opinion on someone appearence when he/she dyes her hair. Lol get some taste We all have our likes and dislikes. Yes, she is attractive. I've not disliked anything she has done nor have I really seen her much outside of these posts. Having said that, I cannot disagree more over the Kardashian comparison. I used to detest Kim K. (solely because I do not find her attractive and I do not like her public persona, nothing to do with her lineage), but her recent work with criminal justice reform has completely changed my opinion of her. And when Rachel Zoe walked from the process theater she was a transformed man which her followers found it difficult to believe. It appears when Rachel was behind the drapes she was content with her appearances, but when she hit the silver screens in reality shows, she should have found ... Talking about some of the most feminine women, the list would’t complete without the true representation of some of the most appealing feminine body one of those women is Nikki Mudarris. One can say all women possess beauty, but Nikki Mudarris will be listed at the epitome of feminine beauty. Hello guys, Welcome to Celebs .wiki, this article aims to deliver all the exotic information related to Nikki Mudarris Net Worth, Wiki, Affairs, Quick Facts and Family Life, there are many other stunning news and information which are hidden from the mainstream audience, this article is equipped with all such information in a detailed manner. Read the full article in order to grab all the essential information and gossips along with rumours and reality which are convey by some of us in order to create illusion in various aspects. We are all familiar with the stunning look of Nikki Mudarris, now we will be updated with all other data which includes Nikki Mudarris Net Worth, Wiki, Affairs, Quick Facts and Family Life and some interesting facts of her life. Nikki Mudarris is an American Television Star, Model and experienced entrepreneur who take care of her family’s Hollywood and Las Vegas clubs. Talking about television shows, she is best known for the reality TV show Love & Hip Hop Hollywood of which she was a part of. Born on 28th June 1990 in Los Angeles, California, United States of America, Nikki is mixed with some auspicious ethnicity which are Morrocan, Italian and Arabic. Nikki was born in United States of America hence she has American Nationality. Her father is Abu Mudarris “The Godfather of Burlesque” while her mother is Marcelle Mudarris, Nikki is often refers to her father. Nikki got two siblings preliminary to 2015, Monique is her younger sister and Omar Mudarris is her elder brother. But later, very sadly Omar passed away leaving no choice for her to be the in charge of the family’s entertainment and nightclub business which they have been into for years. However, there are no details about her elementary and high school education. She went to the collage and made good time for herself at the University of South California, where she studied and graduated with a Bachelors of Arts in Communications, maintaining A-plus grades in all the subjects consistently each and every semester. She finally passed out with a 3.43 CGPA. There are people who say “if there is beauty, there is no brain” this is totally wrong, because this is not the case of Nikki. She got lots of innovative ideas in her brain. She has been successful in academics and also in the business world. She is running her family business profitably along with her own clothing The Nude. She is hugely popular for the television series Love & Hip Hop Hollywood, which gave her a worldwide fame and publicity followed by increment in followership on social media. She made appearance on the show alongside her friend Nia Riley in year 2014. By the year of 2015, she appeared in 2 episodes of Love & Hip Hop Atlanta: After Party Live. She attended VH1 special big in 2015wiht entertainment weekly. Nikki was in a relationship with Austin Daye in 2009 for few years. The two were so deep in love that she moved in with him and people were assuming that they married quietly, but sadly it was not true. Sources confirms that in 2012 Nikki started dating Jamal Rashid. She was also aid to have dated music producer and rapper Mally Mall in 2012. Later in 2014 she dated Lil’ Fizz which continued till 2016 and then they broke up. Rosa Acosta was her lover in 2016 but it didn’t last beyond the year. Nikki is bi-sexual. In later 2016 she was updated with Joseline Hernandez. In May 2016 it is rumoured she has been dating American Music Producer Safaree Samuels. Nikki is currently living with him and hopefully they will last longer than ever. Nikki Mudarris current net worth is not known, however she is involved in lot of profitable business. Other than her family business she has her own lingerie titled The Nude and sells them directly via e- commerce website.

Clarion is one of the most widely known and respected writing workshops in the country. Each year, they accept a handful of writers for six weeks of intense work. Someone once said that the “six weeks of Clarion are the literary equivalent of boot camp.” I would believe it, judging by the comments I’ve heard from members of the group The process is fairly straightforward. Send in an application with two complete short stories by April 1st, 2003. If accepted, there is a $100 enrollment fee to hold your spot, and the balance of the $1059 fee due upon arrival to Clarion. One nice thing is that this counts as four undergraduate credits from MSU. Sounds easy so far, right? I think so. The actual difficulty, aside from actually being accepted, is getting out of work for six weeks and keeping my job. At the stage we are at, where I’m one half of our entire development team and we each have a seperate and distinct skillset, being unavailable for that long is nearly impossible. Perhaps going this year is infeasible. Even with six months advanced warning, I’m not sure I could pull it off. Still, I wonder if I should apply to Clarion anyways and deal with the time issue if I actually get accepted. Opened in January 2011 with financial support from twelve municipalities within the County, as well as the assistance from the Public Defender's Office, the State Attorney's office, County Commissioners and others to provide a more safe shelter for the growing homeless population in Pinellas County. The Safe Harbor provides approximately 425 individuals respite from living on the streets in our County every night. Classes such as Daily Living Skills, Anger Management, Self-Defeating Behaviors, 12 Step Programs, Faith Based Programs and Skills for Successful Transitions help residents transform back into sustainable members of society. We begin by trying to figure out what the word “miktam” might mean. The bottom line is that, once again, no one knows what it means. I have my own theory, but let me share some others first, and then mine. Some think that it refers to a wind instrument, so this psalm would be played to a wind instrument, similar to past psalms which we have seen, such as the flute. But there is no linguistic backing for this definition. In modern day Hebrew the term refers to an epigram, which is a brief, sometimes satirical, statement. But back in David’s day the Babylonians in their language had a similar word and it meant a lid or a metal cover to a vessel. See where I am going with this one? I think this is the first psalm we have which was highlighted as being accompanied by percussion, or the drums. See, the drums are not of the devil after all. This is a beautiful, but fairly unknown, psalm. Any psalm which asks for protection and ascribes to the Lord refuge is one that ought to be on our radar. In this era where some of us feel as if terrorists are the biggest threat to our livelihood (they are not by the way), and in this time where our policies are shaped by fear and a seeming lack of security, any psalm which addresses protection and refuge should be a breath of fresh air. Think of this phrase: “You are my Lord, I have no good apart from you.” I know people who are doing incredible good around the world, and yet would never say that they believe in Jesus as Savior. In fact, the people that I know who are doing some of the most incredible, altruistic, life giving work around the world would specifically say that they are not disciples of Jesus in any way shape or form. So the phrase, “I have no good apart from you”, how does that apply? Notice the psalmist does not say: I can do no good apart from you. The source of all things good, all things, comes from our Creator God. So what is the source of the good that comes from the people who do not profess God to be their source of all things good? Can a person do good without God. I have to answer yes, they can. But I quickly follow it up with: but they could do so much more good for themselves and for this world if they only knew Jesus. What happens sometimes is that when we come to know Jesus then the good that we would do, we don’t. We don’t do it because for some reason some disciples are perfectly happy and content to only look out for their own salvation and their own self-interests. Remember what Dire Straits said: “When you point your finger cos your plan fell through The Psalm continues and ends with a wonderfully glass half full approach. I have no problem sleeping, the psalmist states. What a great statement and what a testimony to his reliance upon the Lord for all things. When I have problems sleeping it is mostly because there is something at the church which is causing conflict or is unresolved. There simply are times when we turn things over to the Lord, but anxiety is still present. The fullness of joy which God provides is also very attainable. Have you ever heard in the Bible a promise for: “pleasures evermore?” That would make some Puritans roll over in their grave. But what is wrong with the statement: Life is an awesome adventure and then you go to heaven. It is a statement we could all live by and it will provide the inevitable “pleasures” that life ought to have. There is nothing wrong with living a “pleasurable” live. In fact, as this psalm tells us, pleasure and joy have been given to us by God. They are not gifts from Satan, but rather gifts from God. Think of that next time you have a chocolate and vanilla shake. I feel this psalm is a beautiful reminder that everything good that I have comes from the Lord. If what I notice about myself and/or my surroundings is NOT good then it is a reminder that I need to start figuring out how it needs to change. We as humans have more control than we realize over things around us and we definitely have control over how we relate or respond to those moments or things. Of course we do not have the ability to affect everything. A statement I hold close to me is “take responsibility for what you can change and let God take care of the rest”.

Need to find us? Want to know more about fees and the use of your health fund? Or perhaps you have the same questions as other about tonika health. Hopefully we have the answers for you here: tonika health proposes fair, reasonable and competitive fees for our services. Currently our fees are: The most convenient way to make an appointment is to use our online booking system. You can immediately see available time slots and reserve the most suitable slot for you. tonika health is by appointment only. We don’t accept walk-ins as we are usually fully booked – sorry! Please try not to reschedule. We are a busy practice and rescheduling makes it really hard for us to use our time efficiently and provide our clients with meaningful treatment plans. If you cancel any appointment with less than three business days’ notice, we’ll have to charge you the full fee for the appointment (for full cancellation policy see below). If you do have to change any appointments (or have other questions), you can also do so online also up to a week before the appointment. After that, you will have to get in contact with us. Please do NOT reply to the appointment reminders. Instead, you can contact your practitioner directly on their email address ‘first name’@tonikahealth.com.au. Some people don’t realise how much cancellations or rescheduling affects everyone. We kindly ask you to please avoid rescheduling. We charge our full fee for any appointments missed or cancelled with less than three business days’ notice. When you give appropriate notice, it allows us to hopefully still help someone else get better or out of pain. It may seem strict, but it also allows us to keep our prices fair and accessible instead of putting prices up for everyone. At the same time we understand that things don’t always go to plan. We therefore always allow one exception. So this is how missed appointments or those cancelled with short notice are handled at tonika health for everyone: First time: We understand – things happen – but feel free to appease us with a bottle of red or nice chocolate at your next appointment 😉 tonika health is at 391 Riley Street in Surry Hills between Foveaux Street and Sophia Street. It’s diagonally across from The Forresters Hotel and a few doors down on Riley Street. If you’re driving, please note that parking is mostly limited to one or two hours. Parking is available in the streets close to tonika health, but allow yourself time to find a spot. Take a train to Central Station. Use the Northern Concourse, exit 4 to the corner of Chalmers St and Elizabeth St. Walk 500 metres up Foveaux St, and turn right on Riley. It will take you about 10 minutes. You can take bus routes 301, 302 and 303 and get off on Crown Street in Surry Hills, near the Surry Hills library. You can also take bus routes 339, 374, 376 and 391. Get off at Albion Street, just before Crown Street, if you’re coming from the city, or on Crown Street at the corner of Foveaux if you’re coming from the east. No, you don’t. Make an appointment for yourself any time; booking online is the easiest way. We’re happy that many GPs, specialist doctors and other natural health practitioners regularly refer their patients to us, but you don’t need a referral. Most private health funds cover massage therapy, osteopathy and naturopathy, so if you have the appropriate cover under your extras, you can claim for a visit. Each of our team members is a fully registered provider with all Australian health funds. For most funds, you can only claim the consultation fee and some even help cover the costs of supplements or herbs prescribed to you. At tonika health, you can claim with HICAPS on the spot and only need to pay the difference. Not absolutely necessary but great would be if you can bring a copy of all medical tests you have had in the last two years. If you do not have a copy at home, you can call your doctor and ask them for a copy to be sent to you or directly to us by mail, email or fax. In future, when you have another test, please ask for a copy to be sent to yourself or us straight away. We always encourage people to keep a copy of all their medical tests for future reference. We would also like to know about all supplements and medications you are currently or usually taking. If you bring in the containers of your supplements we can assess quality, exact composition and dose and also explain what to look out for. After your first consultation or treatment, we can discuss what we can do for you and how long we expect that to take – and you can also decide whether you like our style and feel comfortable with us. You should generally feel a noticeable improvement after about three sessions of massage. By then you’ll know if you’re benefiting from the treatment. With naturopathy, it often depends on how long you’ve had the problem. The longer you’ve had something, the longer it normally takes to correct. While acute symptoms often can be resolved quickly, naturopathy is usually a long-term journey as both client and naturopath work together towards your better health – and ongoingly a better quality of life. We call it ‘wellth’! Charmeuse slip with lace trim and ribbon straps; includes ribbon trimmed stocking and pleather mules with bow accents. Features the NEW Breathless Mahoney face sculpt; she can share clothes with other Tyler Wentworth® sized fashion dolls.

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Other highlights include Independence Hall, the new Priesthood Restoration site, the Susquehanna River, Peter Whitmer Farm, Sacred Grove, Palmyra Temple, Niagara Falls, Kirtland Temple, Morley Farm, Whitney Store and the John Johnson Farm to name a few.Space is filling fast, call today for your booking. Depart our homes for Philadelphia. On our way to dinner and our hotel, we see our first glimpse of this historical city as we tie in the freedoms that made the Restoration possible. Accommodations are at Courtyard by Marriott. This morning we begin our exciting tour of Philadelphia. We see Independence Hall and the Liberty Bell. Next is free time to see the grave site of Benjamin Franklin, the first bank of the United States, and Carpenter’s Hall. Following lunch we travel to Washington Crossing and tour the Historic Village including the McConkey Ferry Inn, Mahlon Taylor Home, Hibbs House, and the Frye House and Blacksmith Shop. Next we travel to Valley Forge National Historic Park. Accommodations are at Wingate Hotel. Today we depart for Palmyra to witness one highlight of our tour, “The Hill Cumorah Pageant;” en route we visit the Priesthood Restoration Site in Susquehanna County, PA. Here we see the new visitor’s center and we are able to explore the place where Joseph and Emma Smith lived from 1827 to 1830. Next we travel to the Peter Whitmer Farm where the Church was organized on April 6, 1830. Tonight we see the Hill Cumorah Pageant and visitor’s center. Accommodations for two nights are at Palmyra Inn. Following Sacrament meeting we spend time in the Sacred Grove and reflect on the special events that took place here. Next we visit the restored home and farm of Joseph Smith, Sr., including the restored log cabin where the Smith family lived at the time of the first vision and angel Moroni’s visit to the Prophet. We see the Palmyra Temple and talk about the importance of this modern-day temple in this historic and sacred place. Next, we see the Grandin Printing Complex where the first Book of Mormon was printed and then the grave site of Alvin Smith, eldest brother of Joseph Smith. Today we continue our journey to Niagara Falls, the oldest state park in the USA. We board the Maid of the Mist boat which passes directly in front of the falls and enters Horseshoe Basin. This is a not to miss activity! After free time for lunch and shopping we travel to Kirtland, OH. Accommodations for two nights are at Holiday Inn. We depart for Hiram, OH to visit the John Johnson Farm. It was at the Johnson farm that Joseph Smith received the vision of the three degrees of glory. Next we see the Temple Quarry and enjoy a picnic lunch. We spend the afternoon visiting the Morley Farm and the historic Kirtland village including the LDS Visitor’s Center, Whitney Home and Store, Johnson Inn, Ashery, and Sawmill. This morning we visit the Kirtland Temple. Relative to the meager resources of the Saints at the time, the Kirtland Temple is probably the most costly temple ever constructed by the Church. We conclude our tour with a late afternoon flight home and a better appreciation for the life of the Prophet Joseph and the early saints. Note: Do not purchase airline tickets without consulting LDS Travel Study. There is a minimum amount of 29 passengers needed to operate this tour.

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During the exchange, the Intercept revealed that the leak had been mailed with a postmark of Augusta, Georgia. government then found that only six people had printed that report, and Winner had no. Select Corporate Housing – Turnkey & All-inclusive furnished apartment rentals in the Southeast. Serviced Apartments for rent short term Select Corporate Housing offers all-inclusive & fully furnished extended stay apartments in luxury apartment communities throughout the Southeast & nationwide. B2BUV stands for Business to Business Utility Vehicles. Our team brings 80 years of experience promoting Club Car Utility & Transportation products, largely. Formed in 1833, Walker County was named after Freeman Walker, a U.S. Senator from Augusta. The county currently operates under a Sole Commissioner form of government, which gives the Commissioner both legislative and executive powers. ***NOTE*** Currently, we still require hard copies of the construction plans to be submitted. 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EFC WORLDWIDE made it's way to the coastal town of Durban, for what pomised to be an amazing fight card. On the night we saw the debut of two female fighters, Amanda Lino and Stephanie Qualie. As in the Varju vs Elliasov fight, the fans were hoping for it to be televised but with no luck. I can tell you however, this fight was fit for the main card. From the 1st bell, Amanda was ready to pounce, following Qualie around the cage and BAM, Lino strikes with some beautiful one-two combos. All of Lino's shots landing and putting Qualie in a world of hurt. Qualie falls to the canvas, with Lino right there to lay down some ground and pound. The ref sees Qualie does nothing to defend herself and calls an end to the fight. With this level of action from the ladies, surely they need their spot on the main card. The main card fights were what everyone expected. With the much anticipated Boyd Allen vs Wesley Hawkey. Haratyk with a clear better record then Davies, showed EFC fight maker, Greame Cartmell why they made no mistake in signing him. Haratyk opens with some straight shots and gets Skinner against the cage. The two tussle and takes the fight to the middle. Skinner tries the kick but slips and falls, Haratyk moves in and takes advantage. He manages to get the back of Davies. Haratyk tries for the choke but Davies fights out of the hold. Haratyk is not having any of it and goes for the choke again. This time, tighter and rolls onto his back. Davies stuggles but has no option but to tap out. Both fighters use the space and move around freely, before Botha takes Chelin down. Botha making good use of his ground game. Chelin gives Botha his side guard and gets woked on the canvas more. The ref stands the two up due to very little action on the ground. Botha shows his boxing skills by throwing some good one-two combos and landing them on the target. The round starts with Botha shooting a few straight shots. The fight goes to the mat and Chelin tries to work Botha from his back. Botha attempts to take the full gaurd of Chelin, but he's not giving it up that easy. After some time on the floor with no real action, the ref again stands the fighters up. Botha throws a shot, Chelin dodges and gets Botha on the ground, few seconds before the round comes to an end. As in round 2, Botha opens with a combo of straight shots. Chelin attempts the take down, but ends up giving Botha his side guard. And as it's been the trend in this fight, Botha and Chelin are both told by the ref to stand up. Botha starts moving around and then surprises Chelin with some straight left-right shots. Chelin this time, lands a few front kicks to the body of Botha, but he is not fazed and moves forward as usual. Just before the final bell is sound, both fighters exchange shots and end the 3rd and final round with a bang. The judges score cards read 30-27, 30-27, 29-28, for your winner by Unanimous Decision, Hanru Botha. As can be expected, the fight starts with both guys just feeling each other out. throwing punches but with no real power behind it. While Delafield is still in this state of mind, Kabesa surprises him with a beautifully timed overhead left that lands right on the money (the chin). Delafield goes down hard and Kabesa takes full advantage. Kabesa is relentless and hits Delafield with shot after shot right to the head. After a few more head shots, referee Wiekus Swart steps in and stops the fight. Ayo Daly steps in for fellow countryman Peter Queally, after he got injured during preperation for this fight. It is believed that Daly actually resigned from his day job when his boss refused to give him some time off fo the fight. Daly told his boss, he can always get another job, but will never get this opportunity again. Daly gets van Staden on the ground and attempts the headlock. The veteran van Staden gets out of it and on his feet. Daly again attempts for the take down, but this time van Staden lands some accurate shots to the face of Daly. Daly seems to be way out of his comfort zone as he eats a hard left that sends him to the floor. van Staden wastes no time and gets to work with his ground and pound. After a few shots to Daly, the ref stops the fight as Daly has no chance of defending himself. At firts, both fighters just land a few shots, not much power but enough to show intent. Allen gives a leg kick and follows it up with a straight right hand. Hawkey on his turn, shoots for the high kick but misses. Allen this time goes for the kick again and lands it beautifully. That kick got Hawkey dazed, Allen being the fighter he is, capitalises and follows up with a combo of punches. Hawkey drops to the floor and Allen is there to take his back and get the choke in. The hold is tight and Hawkey taps out. The night had some amazing fights, all living upto expectations. The Durban crowd surely had the time of their lives.

Jindal largely gone from Louisiana since campaign announced - The Lafourche Gazette - Your Community Newspaper BATON ROUGE, La. (AP) — After announcing his bid for the White House, Gov. Bobby Jindal hit the road, and Louisiana's seen him very little since. The Republican governor's spent nearly two-thirds of his days away from Louisiana since kicking off his presidential campaign on June 24. Jindal's home away from home is the key early voting state of Iowa, where he's focused nearly all of his presidential ambitions. But the governor's also made several stops in New Hampshire and visited New York, Ohio, Georgia and South Carolina. The term-limited Jindal was on the road 47 days out of the last 72 days, according to an Associated Press analysis. The AP tally is based on Jindal campaign travel announcements and the governor's required notifications to Lt. Gov. Jay Dardenne about out-of-state trips. Aides say Jindal's still paying attention to the job he was elected to do in Louisiana, even if he's gone for long stretches of time. "No matter where he is, Gov. Jindal is the chief executive of Louisiana at all times," Jindal spokesman Mike Reed said in a statement. "An increased travel schedule hasn't had an impact on day-to-day operations, since technology allows staff to stay in touch with the governor even when he is not sitting in his office in Baton Rouge." Reed said Jindal's most recent Cabinet meeting was Aug. 28 as state officials assembled to review emergency preparedness efforts as a precautionary measure for Tropical Storm Erika, which didn't reach Louisiana. Seventy percent of Jindal's away time has been spent in Iowa, where the governor — like several other GOP presidential candidates — has pledged to visit all 99 counties. He's held town hall meetings, met voters at restaurants, visited farms and spoken at the state fair. Despite the strong attention he's given the important presidential race state, Jindal remains in the bottom tier of Republican contenders so far. Even before he announced his presidential campaign, Jindal's frequent travel and national political ambitions were considered among the reasons his approval ratings had dropped into the low 30s in Louisiana. State lawmakers tried to curb taxpayer spending on Jindal's state trooper protective detail for the campaign trips, but the governor vetoed the effort. Pearson Cross, a political science professor at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette, doesn't believe the out-of-state travel registers with Louisiana's residents anymore. The governor has only a few months remaining in office before his second term ends, Cross said, and people expect him to be checked out of state affairs. "I think his reputation in this state is pretty much set, and part of the legacy will be that he was looking beyond Louisiana while he was being governor," Cross said. "Is he doing any further damage? I don't really think so. I think it's just more of the same." Jindal dismisses the low approval ratings at home as a byproduct of his tough decision-making and disruption of entrenched bureaucracies to reform government. But the governor's absenteeism and presidential ambitions are a point of attack used by several candidates vying to take his place as governor. GOP U.S. Sen. David Vitter emphasizes in his gubernatorial campaign speeches that "this will be my last political job" if elected. Dardenne, the Republican lieutenant governor, tells audiences at governor's race forums that he's "concerned with Des Allemandes, Louisiana, not Des Moines, Iowa." And Democrat John Bel Edwards, a state representative in the governor's race, tells voters that "Louisiana deserves a governor who wakes up in the state of Louisiana." NEW YORK (AP) — A year after receiving huge sums to respond to Superstorm Sandy, the American Red Cross experienced a 32 percent drop in donations — and its place among the nation's best-supported nonprofits has declined from ninth to 21st in the latest survey by the Chronicle of Philanthropy, released Thursday. It was its lowest ranking since the annual survey began in 1991. And God said, “Let the Earth put forth vegetation, plants yielding seed, and fruit trees bearing fruit in which is their seed, each according to its kind, upon the Earth. And it was so.” Shelia Danos knows this verse from the book of Genesis. She has taken it to heart and her reflections go there often as she walks across her garden. Growing up amidst 240 acres of land including pastures for cattle, canals for crawfish and perch fishing and sugar-cane fields, just two miles south of Lockport, Shelia has seen God’s miraculous power, specifically when it comes to cultivating crops and bringing in a harvest. Her father grew a vegetable garden. She’s seen it her entire life and it flows through her soul. Her gardening efforts began small in clay pots on a patio. But, in 1975 when she moved to her present home, she expanded her plantings into the flower beds that surrounded her home. Gardening was always a part of her life. Since her early 20’s, her life was dedicated to being a wife, mother and homemaker. Her gardening had to wait. As her children grew and took on lives of their own, her house became less full and somewhat quieter. Shelia moved towards her basic nature and went outside to put her hands in the dirt more often. After all, gardening and planting is inherent to her French ancestry – she’s descended from a long line of French farmers. In 2000, she enlisted the help of her father-in-law, 84-year old Jim Danos, affectionately referred to as “Paw”. He was there to help with a large tractor, attachments and the laborious process of tilling the land when she designed and planted her first garden which she calls her “healing garden”. It was her first planting attempt outside of her earlier locals of clay pots and her home’s flower beds. “We have a quiet understanding, a mutual relationship over the land. Paw loves to be out on his tractor and truly enjoys working the soil,” she said. Later that same year, the concept of a garden on the property expanded to include a citrus orchard, a tree lined path and a grove of trees. “Two years ago, he tilled the second plots I pointed to. I would ask and he would happily oblige by preparing plots for me to expand my gardening efforts,” says Shelia. “In 2012, my son Dirk and granddaughter Ava were there to plant a vegetable garden which included wildflowers and a few sunflowers with me.” The fall garden followed that very same year with two extra hands helping, her daughter Denise and Kennedy, Ava’s younger cousin. With the same affectionate enthusiasm, Paw pulled out his tractor and equipment again to begin making plots. “He had a new vegetable garden, and his old, abandoned vegetable garden had lain fallow for some time,” says Shelia. After he worked the soil, he turned it over to Shelia and that is where the sunflower field was born … sort of. Shelia now had the blank canvas she needed to begin planting and realized she wanted to cultivate something that would bring a little extra joy into her life. She decided on sunflowers. Yup … an entire field of gorgeous, yellow sunflowers. When one thinks sunflowers, they usually think bags of salted seeds sold in grocery stores. When Shelia thinks sunflower seeds, she thinks of beauty, joy and the miracle contained in that tiny vessel of life. Her husband Reed and daughter Denise caught the thrill and the infectious enthusiasm. They joined her in the field and helped plant the multitudes of sunflower seeds. Little did Shelia know that her idea of planting a field filled with hundreds of beautiful sunflowers would have a ripple effect, bringing joy to so, so many others! Within eight to ten weeks, around mid-June, the sunflowers sprouted and grew and grew! From one of those tiny seeds, a sunflower plant grew to a height of 13 feet. She refuses any credit. “It’s the miracle of that tiny seed,” she says. “There is power in that seed. The soil, water from the rain, the sun … that one seed produces seeds in multiples,” she added. As part of an exercise with her granddaughter Ava, they counted the seeds from just one larger sunflower. “That one seed we planted produced a beautiful sunflower bearing somewhere over 1,000 seeds,” she said. “It’s truly amazing!” It’s an objective lesson from the creator himself, if we take the time to see it. The lesson: We cannot out give God. What we give Him, he gives back multiplied many times over. “I have seen fields of sunflowers before in France,” she says. “To see it here behind Paw’s barn was just truly amazing,” she added. “Individuals, kids, families … it seemed like Pauline took thousands of photos in that wondrous sunflower field,” she says. “It was glorious to see all those people enjoying the sunflowers. “Those tiny seeds we planted brought me joy and just rippled out,” she says. “The photographs Pauline took are in people’s homes, in their living rooms hanging on their walls, adorning their mantles, continuing to ripple out joy.” Shelia cut some of the sunflowers and made bouquets which she arranged in various vases. She then photographed them and sent friends and family e-mailed notes with her beautiful sunflower bouquet pictures attached again rippling out joy. Denise cut some of the sunflowers and made bouquets she delivered to friends and relatives. The joy of the tiny seed didn’t end there! Shelia also painted bouquets of sunflowers from the photos she had taken. Painting is a new skill she is still acquiring. About six years ago, she took up painting under the helpful tutelage of local artist Tracey Wiseart-Plaisance. Wiseart-Plaisance was at the Danos’ house to paint a mural in Shelia’s dining room. “After she agreed to paint my dining room mural, I asked if she would also teach me how to paint,” she says. Since the two began their mentor/student partnership Shelia has completed several paintings featuring her beautiful sunflower bouquets. “It appears the gift of that tiny seed is still rippling joy,” she says with a beaming smile underlined with humility. This crop of sunflowers is expected to be in full bloom at the end of October, beginning of November. “We have a wonderful growing season in the fall,” she says. “We planted more of the darker sunflower colors for the fall,” she added. There are various types of sunflowers in numerous fall colors – amazing deep, rich shades of orange, burgundy and reds in infinite combinations as well as multitudes of deep, rich golds and magnificent browns. Who knew sunflowers come in colors other than yellow? “I have never planted sunflowers in these colors and have never tried growing them in the fall,” she said. “We have a wonderful fall and winter growing season here so I figured why not try? The anticipation is wonderful,” she says as her face beams with excitement and she visualizes the rows and rows of autumnal-colored sunflowers that are soon to sprout. The fact Shelia has shared her wondrous story here is proof those tiny seeds are continuing to ripple out joy even to you, our readers, and our community!

I came across this article today on the proposed union of the TAC with the Church by means of a personal prelature. It is an interview with Msgr. Marc Langham, an official at the Vatican’s Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity. I don't know about you, but to me the statements of Msgr. Langham quoted in this article reveal an attitude about ecumenism that I hope is not the norm within Vatican circles. Here's the article from CNA with my comments and emphases. Rome, Feb 3, 2009 / 03:43 am (CNA).- Casting doubt on media reports, a Vatican official familiar with the possibility of hundreds of thousands of Traditional Anglicans potentially entering the Catholic Church, has described as the scenario as “unlikely.” Speaking to SIR News, Msgr. Marc Langham, an official at the Vatican’s Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity, said “indiscretions” and “media rumors that do not correspond to the truth” have surrounded the reporting of the Catholic Church’s relations with the Traditional Anglican Communion (TAC), a group which has broken away from the Anglican Communion based in Canterbury. “We have not been informed that this is going to happen; maybe the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith is more informed but we have not received any update,” he said. “All we know is what we have read on newspapers and on some blogs.” “What is on the Internet and in the press seems quite strange [Why? What is so strange about people reuniting with Rome?]. It seems to me to be very unlikely,” he continued. This is unlikely because “conversion is a personal process and a group of so many people could hardly be accepted,” he argued [Pause. Okay, a group of so many people could "hardly be accepted?" That is insane. If I understand him right, he is saying that because conversions are personal, they cannot accept en masse returnees? That is crazy: first, mass conversions/returns are the way the Church has always functioned. What about the 1596 Union of Brest-Litovsk that gave us the Uniate Catholics? What about the reception of 3000 Assyrians into the Catholic Church en masse just last Spring? This kind of thing is business as usual in the Catholic Church and (in my opinion) it is idiotic to say that just because conversion is personal means we can't accept returnees en masse. Second, I would say that it has never been necessary for every single individual who wants union with the Church to go through a personal formal initiation process. This goes right back to St. Paul, who baptized heads of households and thereby everyone else in the household converted as well in deference to the judgment of the head. If the heads of the TAC want union, then it stands to reason that anybody who remains in the TAC obviously wants union too and agrees with their leader's positions - the fact that they remain in the TAC after the talk of union is evidence of their personal desire for it. This Msgr. Langham sounds like he wants each and every TAC member to go sign up for RCIA at some parish somewhere] . He also criticized the TAC’s reported membership of 500,000 as an “overestimation,” saying it is a “very small group” [And that matters why? The Good Shepherd goes looking after the one who has gone astray. He doesn't say, "Well, it was only one...no big loss"]. Msgr. Langham added that TAC bishops are married and its leading archbishop has been married twice. “Therefore he is not in the position to be accepted as a bishop” [This is a true obstacle, but the status of the TAC bishops has not been addressed by either side yet. The TAC so far has been docile and willing to submit itself to the Holy See - though the issue of the married bishops is a true problem, we ought not to throw obstacles out prematurely before even the first steps have been taken. It is as if Msgr. Langham has already decided that there can be no union and is trying to bring out all the reasons why it couldn't possibly work. Let's instead get the TAC to the table, get all parties to agree that union is desirable and then work out the details after we have already agreed on a common goal] . According to SIR, he also noted that TAC members are not in communion with the Archbishop of Canterbury. “They are not true Anglicans,” he argued. “They are not recognized by the Anglican Communion. Accordingly, we do not know what their status is” [Pause. I have never heard that they are "not true Anglicans." I can accept that within the Anglican Communion they may have an irregular status, but that is not the same as saying they are not true Anglicans, just like nobody says the SSPX are not true Catholics, despite their canonical status. But a more fundamental question for me is this: Who cares whether they are recognized by the Anglican Communion? We are discussing union with Rome, not union with Canterbury. Is Msgr. Langham saying that we can't accept Anglican converts unless they are good Anglicans first? Well, if they were good Anglicans they wouldn't want to be Catholics! And why should they want the recognition of Canterbury, which also recognizes homosexuality, women's ordination and a host of other abominations? Who gives a damn whether they are in union with Canterbury or not]. The TAC’s admission into the Catholic Church will raise “difficulties” for the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Anglican Communion, “which is why we must be very cautious and prudent,” he said [Okay, now I see what his real problem is: he is afraid of offending mainstream Anglicans by admitting the TAC, pure and simple. He'd rather turn away hundreds of thousands of humble and willing persons desiring union with the true Church in order to maintain a position of "fruitful dialogue" with the liberal Anglican Communion]. Earlier reports had indicated that the Vatican’s Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (CDF) has recommended that the Traditional Anglican Communion (TAC) be given a personal prelature if talks between the TAC and the Vatican succeed. An announcement reportedly could be made after Easter this year." Well, it seems obvious that this is the tired old (and by old I mean new, post-conciliar) view of ecumenism: an ecumenism that is based not on conversions and returning to Rome but to maintaining an amiable and meaningless state of perpetual dialogue at any cost, even at the cost of denying people who want to come into the Church the means to do so. It reminds me of the old story Dr. Hahn used to tell about the Catholic priest who told him when he wanted to convert that the Church since Vatican II thought the best way for Christians to serve God was to remain in their own respective denominations. Look how circular this reasoning is: the point of ecumenism is for all Christians to be one. To accomplish this, we need endless dialogue. This dialogue has actually led some (TAC) to desire to bring about this oneness in a formal, visible union. But that union might upset the dialogue with Canterbury, therefore the idea is full of "difficulties" and ought to be discouraged. Why? Because it might hinder dialogue. And why do we dialogue? So that all Christians may be one. It is the insanity of valuing the dialogue and the means over the goal and the ends: return to visible communion with Rome. I hope those in the CDF who are working on this take a more intelligent view than this. If we really believe that the Catholic Church is the true Church in which all the means of grace are found given by Christ Himself, then I can't see one plausible reason to turn away people willing to convert en masse just because of the lame excuses that they are "so many" or that it will present "difficulties" for Rowan Williams. If we really believe what we profess, we should be dragging souls aboard as if this were the one Ark that could save them from the floods of the world - which it is. To do otherwise is, to use a vulgar colloquialism from my teenage years, freakin' retarded. Previous message: Anita Cohen-Williams: "Ancient Indian (Asian) artifacts looted by Afghan militants"

COUPLES RKA MEMBERSHIP - MONTHLY 2 People living in the same household. Membership Benefits: Unlimited Use of our State of the Art Shooting Range (6) Guest Passes - annu ... show more Cameroon – officially the Republic of Cameroon – is a unitary republic of central and western Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west; Chad to the northeast; the Central African Republic to the east; and Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and the Republic of the Congo to the south. Cameroon’s coastline lies on the Bight of Bonny, part of the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean. The country is called “Africa in miniature” for its geological and cultural diversity. Natural features include beaches, deserts, mountains, rainforests, and savannas. The highest point is Mount Cameroon in the southwest, and the largest cities are Douala, Yaoundé, and Garoua. Cameroon is home to over 200 different ethnic and linguistic groups. 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Intercom Knowledge Base Integration with Support Hero Intercom Knowledge Base Integration with Support Hero Support Hero works hand-in-hand with Intercom: it helps you better understand how your self help knowledge base is performing and improve it over time. You’ve spent countless hours creating your Knowledge Base, but do you know if that was worth the effort? Support Hero will tell you just that. It will also show you what you can improve your support content to get fewer tickets in the future. Your Support Center was hard to find? Not anymore! With Support Hero, you can embed it right within your app in a matter of minutes. Roger joined the Department in 1983 as a Research Fellow with the SRC (as it was then - interesting how the EPSRC has gained letters over the years) Surrey Ion Beam Centre. He was employed to look after the computing facilities associated with the research group - a single pdp11, about half of the computer "power" in the department in those days. Before this he had spent 3 years as a post doc at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey California, making Molecular Dynamics Studies and Computer Animations, which is still the main area of his research activities. He did his PhD work in the Electronic & Electrical Engineering Department of the University of Salford, on the Mathematical Modelling of Atomic Collisions in Solids. He was made a Lecturer in the Department in 1986, promoted to Senior Lecturer in 1993 and then to Reader in 1997, reaching the dizzy heights of Professor of Ion Beam Physics in 2002. He is the current Director of the Surrey Ion Beam Centre. Main area of research is the interaction of energetic ion beams with solids.Current research activities include the use of Molecular Dynamics Simulations to predict the behaviour of cluster and molecular impacts on surfaces. As well as the use of more simple Binary Collisions simulations to predict the effects of energetic particle solid interactions, in particular ion implantation profiles in crystalline solids. Cluster and molecular impacts include fullerene impact induced desorption of molecular solids.Other areas of interest are in automation and control of ion beam analysis equipment. This includes software to automate the collection of data from standard analyses using RBS, PIXE, PIGE, NRA and ERD.He must also take some responsibility for the windows interface to the Data Furnace for the automated and rapid analysis of experimental ion scattering data. Developments in the use of MeV ion beams for Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) is also of current interest. Knowledge Transfer Partnership on manufacturable X-Ray detectors with Gresham Scientific Instruments and RMGwilliam, £123,792 awarded June 2004 BioMed Network for High Energy Ion Beams, May '04 - £63,109 - with KJKirkby, GWGrime, SReady, AClough, NSpyrou Marie Curie Training Network for Application of MeV Ion Beams to Cell Irradiation Jan '05 - £300,000 - with GWGrime, KJKirkby, NJKirkby - part of a £3M EU grant MeV Ion Nanobeams: Nanotechnology for the 21st Century, Sept '05 - £256,845 - with GWGrime, KJKirkby, AClough, RGwilliam, CJeynes New Developments in ToF-SIMS Surface Mass Spectrometry with ATR_IR Spectroscopy, Sept '05 - £227,208 - with KJKirkby - part of a £1.9M project with University of Manchester University of Surrey Ion Beam Centre, March '06 - £2,271,580 - with BSealy, KKirkby, KHomewood, RGwilliam, CJeynes, GGrime The Non Scaling Fixed Field Alternating Gradient (NS-FFAG) Accelerator, April '07 - £7,489,380 - with 5 other University groups and KJKirkby Enhancing new developments in ToF-SIMS through researcher exchanges, Oct '07 - £109,825 - with JVickerman and NLockyer Laser Induced Beams of Radiation and their Applications (LIBRA), Nov '07 - £4,747,342 - with 4 other Universities and KJKirkby SPIRIT - Support for Public & Industrial Research Using Ion Beam Technology, March '09 - £1,069,314 (FP7 with 7 other centres, total value ~£5.5M) Ambient Pressure Mass Spectrometry at the Sub Micron Scale (MeV-SIMS), December '11 - £1,278,391 - with NWard and KJKirkby The proton beam writing (PBW) technique was used to fabricate microfluidic structures in SU-8 resist. A network of the buried channels was fabricated as part of a project to develop functional microfluidic device for neuronal studies and self-powered microfluidics. Protons with energies between 2.5 MeV and 0.75 MeV were used to fabricate the buried channels with a minimum feature size of around 1 ¼m and depths of 40?55 ¼m. Roughness of channels sidewalls was around 2.5 nm rms. Exposure regime and examples of functional networks fabricated using PBW are described. COMSOL Multiphysics® software was used to model the flow characteristics of fluid in the SU-8 microchannels structured by PBW. The results obtained using PBW are compared with the structures fabricated by UV-lithography. The use of computer simulation to understand the physics of atomic collision phenomenon has escalated in recent years. Even with this proliferation of simulation codes the majority of programs fall into two categories - the event store and the time step models. These models are discussed, and a hybrid formed from the two is described. The best uses of each model is indicated and some examples given. The event store simulations give an accurate method of evaluating range data and the time step models conveniently give information on cascade propogation and nonlinear behaviour. © 1986. Normal incidence argon-copper sputtering mechanisms have been investigated for ion energies just above threshold. Identical mechanisms operate in both the (111) and (001) surface orientations. Adsorption of an ordered oxygen overlay on the surface does not destroy the ejection processes. Although the mechanisms produce similar ejected atom energy distributions, the processes may be experimentally distinguishable through the angular emission spectrum of the ejected copper atoms. Carter G, Armour DG, Donnelly SE, Webb R (1978) Energy spike generation and quenching processes in ion bombardment induced amorphization of solids, Radiation Effects 36 (1-2) pp. 1-13 A detailed analysis of generation and potential recrystallization of amorphous zones resulting from ion irradiation of solid materials is given. The criterion for generation of such spikes is considered to be that sufficient energy is deposited locally to induce melting. Subsequently the heated zone is considered to cool via unperturbed thermal diffusion from an initial temperature distribution of Gaussian form, although the expected ellipsoidal geometry is idealized to spherical symmetry for analytical convenience. Recrystallization is considered to occur via a thermally activated process during spike quenching and criteria for crystallization at both zone boundaries and centers are deduced. These criteria are shown to correspond well to earlier analyses, but other parameters such as substrate temperature and energy deposition density are found to be of considerable importance. Suggestions for more accurate modeling are also examined. During the past decade SIMOX (separation by implanted oxygen) has emerged as one of the leading SOI (silicon-on-insulator) technologies. The implantation involves such high doses that sputtering, swelling and the diffusion of excess oxygen within the synthesized layer of SiO2 all contribute to a major oxygen redistribution. The computer program IRIS (implantation of reactive ions into silicon) has been developed to enable fast calculations of these oxygen profiles to be made over a wide range of implantation energies, doses and masking oxide layer thickness. In this paper the model is extended into two dimensions and calculations are performed to simulate high dose implantation through thick patterned masking layers. The resulting oxygen distributions near mask edges are discussed. © 1992. A single crystal implantation program (CRYSTAL) is used to investigate the behaviour of channelled implants of the major dopant ions (As, P, B) in silicon as a function of the divergence of the incident beam. Many experimental results are currently being published from commercially available implanters which have uncharacterized beam divergences. It is shown that the effects of beam divergence on implant profiles in initially single crystal targets can be substantial and should not be ignored in providing experimental details. A triple peak structure for implant profiles of high energy boron in well-channelled conditions is found to be caused by contributions from a randomized component, a planar channelled component and an axial channelled component. © 1993. Development of topography in thin (55.5 ¼g cm-2) self-supporting aluminium films, caused by high fluence ( Computer simulations of ion-bombardment events which recrystallize the target demonstrate pit formation at 1.0 keV. Atoms are ejected from the first two target layers in the pit region. The remainder of the pit is created by replacement-collision sequences. Linear-cascade and spike-regime events are dynamically indistinguishable. © 1983 The American Physical Society. The first analytical intercomparison of fingerprint residue using equivalent samples of latent fingerprint residue and characterized by a suite of relevant techniques is presented. This work has never been undertaken, presumably due to the perishable nature of fingerprint residue, the lack of fingerprint standards, and the intradonor variability, which impacts sample reproducibility. For the first time, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, high-energy secondary ion mass spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are used to target endogenous compounds in fingerprints and a method is presented for establishing their relative abundance in fingerprint residue. Comparison of the newer techniques with the more established gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic imaging shows good agreement between the methods, with each method detecting repeatable differences between the donors, with the exception of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization, for which quantitative analysis has not yet been established. We further comment on the sensitivity, selectivity, and practicability of each of the methods for use in future police casework or academic research. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.Aspheric lenses are the most common method for correcting for spherical aberrations but, in microlens production, highly-controlled lens profiles are hard to achieve. We demonstrate a technique for creating bespoke, highly-accurate aspheric or spherical profile silicon microlens moulds, of almost any footprint, using focused ion-beam milling. Along with this, we present a method of removing induced ion-beam damage in silicon, via a hydrofluoric acid etch, helping to recover the surface's optical and chemical properties. In this paper, we demonstrate that our milled and etched moulds have a roughness of 4.0-4.1. nm, meaning they scatter less than 1% of light, down to wavelengths of 51. nm, showing that the moulds are suitable to make lenses that are able to handle light from UV up to infra-red.Using empirical experiments and computer simulations, we show that increasing the ion-dose when milling increases the amount of gallium a hydrofluoric acid etch can remove, by increasing the degree of amorphisation within the surface. For doses above 3000¼C/cm2 this restores previous surface properties, reducing adhesion to the mould, allowing for a cleaner release and enabling higher quality lenses to be made.Our technique is used to make aspheric microlenses of down to 3. ¼m in size, but with a potential to make lenses smaller than 1. ¼m. A computer program, based on TRIM, has been developed to calculate the spatial density of nuclear energy deposited by incident ion beams as well as the magnitude of mixing caused by the ion. The program divides the collision cascade into spherical subcascades formed by energetic recoils and uses a modified Vineyard model of thermal spike mixing to calculate mixing magnitudes. Good agreement is found with experimental results of Fenn-Tye and Marwick [Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B18 (1987) 236] for the high energy mixing of Pt markers in Pd at 10 K. Mixing efficiencies for low energy ion bombardment are predicted from the model. © 1992. Ion implantation has frequently been shown to modify the shape of quantum wells following thermal annealing by enhancing the interdiffusion. We have shown that, independent of chemical effects on the interdiffusion, there is a contribution from the vacancies created by the implant. The effects of the diffusion of these vacancies can be modeled using a very simple expression that does not rely on any knowledge of the diffusion coefficients for the vacancies in the material. By comparing the problem to the classic problem of the gambler's ruin, we have shown that implantation into a surface should produce even intermixing of layers at different depths below it, ignoring the effects of vacancy trapping and other depth dependent diffusion processes. Computer simulation of ion-bombardment events has been extended to coalesce and recrystallise the target, so that the surface damage created when a single ion strikes a metal surface can now be studied directly. Qualitative and quantitative information on pit formation, other surface damage and recoil mixing can be obtained from the model. Many characteristics of the target's final condition are evident before the excess energy has been removed. Small structured and faceted surface pits are found at 1.0 keV ion energy for both low and high energy-density potential functions. Atoms are only sputtered from the first two layers of the pit region. The rest of the pit is formed by atoms displaced laterally or downward, initiating replacement collision sequences. A movie has been produced which presents the temporal development and creation of surface damage, and demonstrates surface reconstruction processes. © 1983. In this paper, the technique of microscope-spectrophotometry, used to nondestructively characterize the microstructure of ion beam synthesized iron-disilicide layers, is described. The results obtained agree extremely well, in terms of layer thickness and interfacial roughness, with those from Rutherford backscattering. The results also show that it is possible to interpret the measured spectral reflectance data in terms of: 1) defect annealing; 2) iron redistribution; and 3) phase transformations from the ² to the ± phase. Carbon bombardment of graphite and diamond is investigated by molecular dynamics simulations using a many-body potential to describe the low energy interactions splined to a Molière potential which describes the hard collisions. It is found that no ejection takes place from the perfect graphite {1000} face at bombardment energies of 100 eV and that at normal incidence the yield is below 1% up to 600 eV. At oblique incidence corresponding to the maximum yield angle, the yield can be in excess of ten times that at normal incidence and a much larger proportion of dimer and trimer molecules are ejected. The bulk terminated diamond surfaces are found to be less resistant to erosion than graphite with as much as 23% of material ejected at normal incidence being in the form of dimers. © 1991. The MIAMI* facility at the University of Huddersfield is one of a number of facilities worldwide that permit the ion irradiation of thin foils in-situ in a transmission electron microscope. MIAMI has been developed with a particular focus on enabling the in-situ implantation of helium and hydrogen into thin electron transparent foils, necessitating ion energies in the range 1 - 10 keV. In addition, however, ions of a variety of species can be provided at energies of up to 100 keV (for singly charged ions), enabling studies to focus on the build up of radiation damage in the absence or presence of implanted gas. This paper reports on a number of ongoing studies being carried out at MIAMI, and also at JANNuS (Orsay, France) and the IVEM / Ion Accelerator Facility (Argonne National Lab, US). This includes recent work on He bubbles in SiC and Cu; the former work concerned with modification to bubble populations by ion and electron beams and the latter project concerned with the formation of bubble super-lattices in metals. A study is also presented consisting of experiments aimed at shedding light on the origins of the dimensional changes known to occur in nuclear graphite under irradiation with either neutrons or ions. Single crystal graphite foils have been irradiated with 60 keV Xe ions in order to create a non-uniform damage profile throughout the foil thickness. This gives rise to varying basal-plane contraction throughout the foil resulting in almost macroscopic (micron scale) deformation of the graphite. These observations are presented and discussed with a view to reconciling them with current understanding of point defect behavior in graphite.*Microscope and Ion Accelerator for Materials Investigations Copyright © Materials Research Society 2014. Molecular dynamics computer simulations have been used to study the development of ion-induced cascades in the surface region of an initially perfect single crystal metal target. A 16 mm movie has been produced to show the temporal progress of individual cascades. The cascades can then be seen to be formed from a few high energy primary knock-on initiated replacement collision sequences which overlap to form the more usual interpretation of a mature collision cascade. However, it is before the collision cascade has matured, and while the replacement sequences are spreading, that the majority of atoms (>80%) are ejected. These qualitative observations are also upheld more quantitatively in a global average, over many cascades, of the ejection time of each atom. This gives rise to the appearance of a statistical ejection front which propagates radially outwards, from the impact point on the crystal surface, with a well defined velocity. © 1984. A molecular dynamics multiple interactions simulation computer code has been used to study the near-surface effect of cascade mixing due to ion bombardment. 90% of all moved atoms recoil forward or backward only one layer and 70% of all recoil atoms are displaced to their nearest neighbour positions. A comparison of the computed results and the results predicted from statistical theories indicates that both models would produce similar results if the lower limit in the energy threshold of the statistical theories were decreased sufficiently to include the movement of many more low energy recoils. A further comparison is made between the distributions of recoil-atom displacements at the end of the dynamic regime, and after the damaged crystallite has coalesced. There is a small degree of rearrangement, due to the collapse of collision spikes, but the resultant displacement distributions are similar. © 1983. Additional, facilities, which are being installed on the 2 MeV Van de Graaff accelerator at the University of Surrey, are described. These include improvements to the microbeam equipment and optical viewing system using an image intensifier, modifications to a 3-axis goniometer to provide batch processing, a goniometer control system and new software for data collection and analysis. © 1985. SIMS experiments using cluster ions show promising results in de-sorbing intact large molecules from the surface of various materials. The optimum size, shape and energy of the clusters and the material surface has not been studied in any detail. Presented here are the results of a comparative study of gold and carbon clusters of similar total mass and energy, in particular Au4 and C60 clusters and Au5 and C100 clusters are compared and contrasted. The behaviour of the graphite lattice, used as the target substrate material, during the impacts is studied in detail and differences in depth of penetration, damage and energy propagation are reported. A molecular dynamics simulation has been used to study the times at which atoms are ejected during sputtering events. Plots of the atom ejection time versus distance from the impact point indicate that many sputtering events occur along a roughly circular front that propagates outward at hypersonic speed. A comparison of the "Magic Formula" as used in the TRIM Monte Carlo simulation program and an analytical approximation to the scattering equation revealed errors in the results of the Magic Formula when used in single precision arithmetic. The errors are not severe but are systematic and could result in accumulation errors. It is shown that the analytical approximation returns a more accurate result in a faster time thus increasing the execution speed of the TRIM program. © 1988. High resolution Rutherford backscattering has been used to investigate the ion-beam-induced intermixing of silver films deposited onto silicon under increasing fluences of 40 keV Ar+ ions. The onset of atomic mixing in the interface occurs when the Ag layer has been sputtered down to about 300 A The intermixing of InGaAs/GaAs strained quantum wells following gallium ion implantation was characterised using photoluminescence. It was found that the implanted atoms had no effect of the diffusion coefficient for intermixing when compared to an unimplanted control sample. However, it was seen that the well was broadened by a diffusion length of approximately 37Å during the first anneal, before a photoluminescence measurement could be made. A simulation of the implantation process shows that cascade mixing is not sufficient to account for this and it is suggested that we are observing the diffusion of interstitials created by the implantation. © 1993. The preferential sputter enrichment or depletion of a species in a binary solid is a well established experimental observation. This composition change is usually found to occur over a depth similar to that of the penetration depth of the sputtering projectile. This paper therefore considers a model for preferential sputtering based upon a preferentially enhanced diffusion of one species over a finite depth in the solid which acts as a continuous atomic supply to the surface. Exact solutions are determined for steady state surface and depth distributions of the composition ratio of the two species for the time dependent behavior of these concentration distributions. The results are compared with models which assume equal diffusion enhancement of both species over both limited and infinite depth and with experimental studies. Single-crystal silicon has been amorphised by bombardment with Si+, Ge+ or Sn+ ions. After conventional annealing (900° C, 30 min) some disorder remained. The amount was measured by ion channelling and transmission electron microscopy and compared with the quantity of excess interstitials predicted by the Monte Carlo computer program TRIM. Both the predicted and measured integral disorder fell as the atomic weight of the projectile increased. Because lattice strain also leads to a reduction in ion channelling this had to be taken into account when estimating residual damage from back-scattering analysis. The results indicate that there are six scattering centres per interstitial. © 1988 IOP Publishing Ltd. Medeuov B, Daukeev D, Webb R (1994) Oxygen atom interaction with radiation defects in Nb irradiated by He ions, Vacuum 45 (5) pp. 579-582 The aim of this work is to check the hypothesis regarding the formation of complexes such as an interstitial impurity helium-vacancy cluster. Nb wires uniformly implanted by 24 MeV ±-particles at 320 K are investigated by means of the internal friction technique. It is shown that oxygen atoms occupying interstitial sites in Nb BCCC-structure are trapped during irradiation and after annealing up to T Aspheric lenses are the most common method for correcting for spherical aberrations but, in microlens production, highly-controlled lens profiles are hard to achieve. We demonstrate a technique for creating bespoke, highly-accurate aspheric or spherical profile silicon microlens moulds, of almost any footprint, using focused ion-beam milling. Along with this, we present a method of removing induced ion-beam damage in silicon, via a hydrofluoric acid etch, helping to recover the surface's optical and chemical properties. In this paper, we demonstrate that our milled and etched moulds have a roughness of 4.0-4.1 nm, meaning they scatter less than 1% of light, down to wavelengths of 51 nm, showing that the moulds are suitable to make lenses that are able to handle light from UV up to infra-red. Using empirical experiments and computer simulations, we show that increasing the ion-dose when milling increases the amount of gallium a hydrofluoric acid etch can remove, by increasing the degree of amorphisation within the surface. For doses above 3000 ¼C/cm(2) this restores previous surface properties, reducing adhesion to the mould, allowing for a cleaner release and enabling higher quality lenses to be made. Our technique is used to make aspheric microlenses of down to 3 ¼m in size, but with a potential to make lenses smaller than 1 ¼m. We have developed a simple process to fabricate high-TC Josephson junctions by a combination of focused ion beam milling and 100 keV H2+ ion implantation. The resistively shunted junction-like current-voltage characteristics were observed in the temperature range of 48 to 4.2 K. The devices showed clear dc and ac Josephson effects. This technique is very promising in terms of simplicity and flexibility of fabrication and has potential for high-density integration. © 2002 American Institute of Physics. A band of disorder is observed following the annealing of surface amorphous layers produced by ion bombardment. The depth of the band's centre is just below the original amorphous/crystalline interface. The ion bombardment simulation computer program TRIM.CASCADE has been used in conjunction with ion channelling measurements to predict the areal density of atoms available for the formation of this band of disorder. The variation in the amounts of disorder expected due to changing the implantation parameters: ion dose, ion energy and implantation temperature are reported. The predictions are compared with the published transmission electron microscopy results and electrical measurements of other workers. The implications of this work for the technique of pre-amorphisation are also discussed. A study is presented of the effect of 5 keV helium ion bombardment on thin (about 2000 Å) aluminium films using proton backscattering, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and ± particle energy loss spectroscopy. Measurements of helium content after irradiation using proton backscattering indicate low below-saturation retention for both room temperature and low temperature implantations (19% and 24% respectively). Electron microscopy examination of the films reveals a severe deformation in the form of coarse and fine-scale wrinkling whose amplitude increases with increasing helium dose. This deformation does not appear to be the result of bubble swelling. An attempt has been made to quantify the wrinkling by measuring the energy loss spectrum of ± particles transmitted through irradiated films and the combination of these measurements with a simple sinusoidal deformation model indicates an increase in film area of up to 20%. © 1982. LiNbO3 has been implanted with 1.0 MeV 4He+ in order to create a buried layer of crystal lattice damage which acts as the lower boundary of an optical waveguide with the air surface forming the upper boundary. The annealing behaviour of this damage, in the temperature range 20 ° C to 350 ° C, has been studied in vacuo by performing in situ channelling analysis of the disorder during the thermal processing. It is concluded that the minimum annealing temperature required to reduce waveguide attenuation is 150 ± 10 ° C and the optimum is 180 ± 15°C. The results are seen to be in overall agreement with recent optical waveguide measurements. © 1989. A combined scanning tunnelling/scanning force microscope has been constructed based on a novel design. A single piezoelectric transducer, appropriately shaped, and with appropriately patterned electrodes is used, which acts as flexing element, force sensor, scanner, and height positioner, making the instrument simple and compact. The instrument is described and some results are presented, including characterization of performance. © 1994. Spatial distributions of ions implanted into crystals can be of a very complex shape with `lobes' due to ions penetrating through open channels in several directions. This paper suggests an analytical model which represents such a distribution as a linear combination of `random' distribution and one or more `channeled' distributions. This study is focused on the algorithm of the separation of ion trajectories into several distributions. The first distribution includes those ions which have undergone predominantly random collisions. The other distributions include those ions which have undergone mainly `weak' collisions and traveled mostly along the main channeling directions. Our binary collision approximation (BCA) simulator is used for generating and analyzing ion trajectories. The spatial moments can be extracted from each separated distribution. It is shown that 2D analytical distributions obtained as a linear combination of distributions derived from these moments and aligned along corresponding channeling direction are in a very good agreement with direct BCA calculations. Molecular dynamics simulations have been carried out to model the implantation of boron into silicon at low energies using boron difluoride. It is shown that at a molecular impact energy of 460 eV the implantation profiles have an orientation dependence with penetration of the boron furthest when the F atoms are aligned perpendicular to the surface. The simulations also predict maximum damage in the surface layer where a peak in the fluorine atoms also occurs. The boron distribution is flatter with a peak which is deeper at 10-15 Å. © 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. This paper presents a detailed description of an upgraded silicon surface barrier (SB) detector and analysis of X and gamma radiation and of the spectra given by it. The most frequently used application of these detectors was in measurements and analyses of alpha spectra. However, analysis of spectra gained here presented a silicon surface barrier detector showing possibilities of their wider application in various nuclear techniques and technologies. This specially referes to the feasibility of their use in the conditions that are different from those in laboratories, such as mines, surroundings of nuclear power plants etc. Recorded spectra from 57Co, show that SB detectors are very acceptable in nuclear laboratories for nuclear spectroscopy at room temperatures. On the contrary, field application in nuclear techniques connected with the protection of the environment and counting systems is much wider, and the detector temperature could reach 60 °C. © 1997 Elsevier Science S.A. The feasibility of using decaborane B10H14, for the manufacture of shallow junctions in Si is investigated by means of molecular dynamics simulations. Bombardment energies of 1, 2, and 4 keV are investigated and the simulations run for up to 7 ps in order to ascertain the implantation profiles of the B atoms, the whereabouts of the H from the impacted molecule and the damage to the lattice. The simulations show that if a small binding energy of the B atom in the Si lattice is assumed then most of the B from the cluster is implanted. The implantation distributions are flatter with depth than those for single B interactions and the surface layers undergo damage and amorphisation in the proximity of the impact. © 1998 American Institute of Physics. Over the last decade the use of computer simulation in predicting physical phenomena associated with ion beam processing of materials has increased both in use and reliability. This is partly due to the dramatic increase in computer power and decrease in computer cost, but is also being achieved due to an increased understanding of the physical processes occurring. With the increase in computer power has come not just the ability to perform more complex calculations but also the methods for complex data representation in animated form. By animating the results it is much easier to observe collective effects such as acoustic wave propagation at a surface due to, for example, molecule impact. Latent fingermarks are invisible to the naked eye and normally require the application of a chemical developer followed by an optical imaging step in order to visualize the ridge detail. If the finger deposition is poor, or the fingermark is aged, it can sometimes be difficult to produce an image of sufficient quality for identification. In this work, we show for the first time how mass spectrometry imaging (in this case time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, ToF-SIMS) can be used to enhance the quality of partially recovered fingermarks. We show three examples of how chemical imaging can be used to obtain enhanced images of fingermarks deposited on aluminium foil, glass and the handle of a hand grenade compared with conventional development techniques. Ion beam induced luminescence of silica has been recorded in the energy ranges 5-55 key and 0.2-2.8 MeV during excitation with H+, H2+, N+ and N2+, for samples at 77 K. The data reveal that the light is stimulated by electronic energy deposition 0 but the efficiency is a function of the damage retained in the silica. Damage retention is a function of the overlap of nuclear collision and 07 electronic excitation processes during the slowing down of the ion beam so the net effect of these competing features is to produce a maximum in the ion energy dependence of the light production for nitrogen ions (near 42 key), whereas for protons the dependence is a monotonic function of energy as it is dominated by the electronic excitation. Computer modelling of the luminescence production predicts a maximum in the energy dependence which is in agreement with the observations. © 1987 Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. © 2014 Materials Research Society.The MIAMI? facility at the University of Huddersfield is one of a number of facilities worldwide that permit the ion irradiation of thin foils in-situ in a transmission electron microscope. MIAMI has been developed with a particular focus on enabling the in-situ implantation of helium and hydrogen into thin electron transparent foils, necessitating ion energies in the range 1-10 keV. In addition, however, ions of a variety of species can be provided at energies of up to 100 keV (for singly charged ions), enabling studies to focus on the build up of radiation damage in the absence or presence of implanted gas. This paper reports on a number of ongoing studies being carried out at MIAMI, and also at JANNuS (Orsay, France) and the IVEM/Ion Accelerator Facility (Argonne National Lab, US). This includes recent work on He bubbles in SiC and Cu; the former work concerned with modification to bubble populations by ion and electron beams and the latter project concerned with the formation of bubble super-lattices in metals. A study is also presented consisting of experiments aimed at shedding light on the origins of the dimensional changes known to occur in nuclear graphite under irradiation with either neutrons or ions. Single crystal graphite foils have been irradiated with 60 keV Xe ions in order to create a non-uniform damage profile throughout the foil thickness. This gives rise to varying basal-plane contraction throughout the foil resulting in almost macroscopic (micron scale) deformation of the graphite. These observations are presented and discussed with a view to reconciling them with current understanding of point defect behavior in graphite.?Microscope and Ion Accelerator for Materials Investigations. Webb RP, Kerford M, Kappes M, Brauchle G (1997) A comparison between fullerene and single particle impacts on graphite, Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids 142 (1-4) pp. 23-26 Gunshot Residue (GSR) is residual material from the discharge of a firearm, which frequently provides crucial information in criminal investigations. Changes in ammunition manufacturing are gradually phasing out the heavy metals on which current forensic GSR analysis is based, and the latest Heavy Metal Free (HMF) primers urgently demand new forensic solutions. Proton scanning microbeam Ion Beam Analysis (IBA), in conjunction with the Scanning Electron Microscope equipped with an Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (SEM-EDS), can be introduced into forensic analysis to solve both new and old problems, with a procedure entirely commensurate with current forensic practice. Six cartridges producing GSR particles known to be interesting in casework by both experience and the literature were selected for this study. A standard procedure to relocate the same particles previously analysed by SEM-EDS, based on both secondary electron (SE) and X-ray imaging was developed and tested. Elemental Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) mapping of the emitted X-rays allowed relocation in a scan of 10¼m×10¼m of even a 1¼m GSR particle. The comparison between spectra from the same particle obtained by SEM-EDS and IBA-PIXE showed that the latter is much more sensitive at mid-high energies. Results that are very interesting in a forensic context were obtained with particles from a cartridge containing mercury fulminate in the primer. Particle-induced gamma-ray emission (PIGE) maps of a particles from HMF cartridges allowed identification of Boron and Sodium in particles from hands using the 10B(p,±1³)7Be, 11B(p,p1³)11B and 23Na(p,p1³)23Na reactions, which is extraordinary in a forensic context. The capability for quantitative analysis of elements within individual particles by IBA was also demonstrated, giving the opportunity to begin a new chapter in the research on GSR particles. The integrated procedure that was developed, which makes use of all the IBA signals, has unprecedented characterisation and discrimination power for GSR samples. © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Niobium wires, outgassed at 2270 K in UHV chamber, were uniformly implanted with 16O+ at 1 MeV and 320 K within the dose range 5×1015-3×1017 cm-2. Internal friction measurements were carried out on computer-controlled inverted torsional pendulum at The geometric structure of collision cascades developed in solids by energetic ion bombardment is investigated from the view-point of fractal geometry using computer simulated trajectories and defect distributions. The fractal dimension of a collision cascade, as extracted from defect distributions, depends on the effective interaction potential governing the sequence of events in a subcascade, as shown in recent analytical predictions. Possible implications and further work along these lines are suggested. © 1987. A geometrical theory is presented which divides the collision cascade into energy groups, each with a characteristic anisotropy in the distribution in space of knock-on trajectories. A simplified two group, four (quasi-two-dimensional) component analytical theory is developed. This is used to fit two experimentally determined sputtering yield versus angle of ion incidence relationships; 50 keV argon ion bombardment of gold and 100 keV argon ion bombardment of germanium. The experimental results were obtained using a triple quartz resonator technique. The effect of ion reflection on the measured sputtering yields was estimated by using the Monte Carlo computer simulation TRIM. A good fit to experimental results was obtained and it was demonstrated that models based solely on energy deposition combined with ion reflection are unsatisfactory for high energy (> 10 keV) high mass (> 10 amu) ions. The parameters determined from the fit of theory to experiment are used to determine the characteristic sputtering depths, and the mean ranges of the high and low energy groups for the two sets of experimental data. © 1985. A modification to the Sigmund formula using calculations of energy deposition instead of correction factors and stopping power is used to compare over 600 experimental results with simulated values. The results indicate that whilst the use of energy deposition yields better general agreement with experimental behaviour, they also show that there is a factor, important in determining the sputtering yield, which appears to relate to the chemical nature of the target. © 1989. We describe a novel bimorph-type piezoelectric transducer which achieves three-dimensional positioning in a 70 ¼m ×70 ¼m ×10 ¼m volume with applied voltage ranges less than 100 V. This transducer, appropriately shaped and with appropriately patterned electrodes, has been tested by using it as a scanner in a scanning tunneling microscope. Results obtained in this application of the actuator are presented, including characterization of performance. In this paper we show how the technique of microscope-spectrophotometry (MSP) may be used to characterize SIMOX structures nondestructively. A range of SIMOX materials prepared using various implantation conditions were investigated. The structural parameters elucidated using MSP included: silicon overlayer and buried oxide thicknesses; approximate densities of silicon islands in the buried oxide layer and silicon dioxide islands in the silicon overlayer as appropriate. These results compared favourably with those obtained using XTEM and indicates that MSP is a reliable technique for the nondestructive, three dimensional characterization of complex multi-layer structures. Furthermore, the technique is capable of examining very small areas (1 ¼m) which should enable device structures and local inhomogeneities to be characterized. © 1994. Photoluminescence coupled with repetitive thermal annealing has been used to determine the diffusion coefficients for intermixing in InxGa 1-xAs/GaAs quantum wells and to study the subsequent effects of ion implantation on the intermixing. It is shown that following ion implantation there is a very fast interdiffusion process, which is independent of the implanted ion and that is thought to be due to the rapid diffusion of interstitials created during the implantation. Following this rapid process, it was found that neither gallium nor krypton ions had any effect on the subsequent interdiffusion coefficient. Following arsenic implantation in addition to the initial damage related process, an enhanced region of interdiffusion was observed with a diffusion coefficient that was an order of magnitude greater than that of an unimplanted control wafer. This enhanced process is thought to be due to the creation of group III vacancies by the arsenic atoms moving onto group V lattice sites. This fast process was present until the structure had broadened by about 75 Å when the diffusion coefficient returned to the unimplanted control value. The activation energy for the interdiffusion was measured over the temperature range 1050-750°C and a value of 3.7±0.1 eV was measured. This was found to be independent of the implanted ion. A numerical analysis of the pressure time equation relating to first order single-step gas release has been performed. This has been done for two configurations of vacuum system, each having a volume into which gas release proceeds linked by a conductance C to a detector volume. The differences between the release function and the observed pressure transient have been characterized by observing the manner in which the maximum release rate Ám, the temperature for maximum release Tm and the leading and trailing 1/e widths We1 and We2 change as a function of the various vacuum system parameters. © 1977. Carter G, Webb R, Collins R (1978) The accumulation of disorder, subject to saturation and sputter limitation, in ion irradiated solids, Radiation Effects 37 (1-2) pp. 21-32 The depth distribution of disorder and the depth integrated disorder produced by ion irradiation of solids is analyzed theoretically as a function of increasing ion fluence when disorder saturation processes operate at all depths and the solid surface is continuously uniformly eroded by sputtering. The resulting defining equations are evaluated numerically for a Gaussian approximation to the disorder depth function with parameters appropriate to low, equal and high projectile: substrate mass ratio conditions, for several values of sputtering coefficient and effective atom displacement energy. It is shown that the form, if not the magnitude, of the integrated disorder/projectile fluence function is only weakly dependent upon these parameters. The broadening of a thin (~3 nm) Au marker, sandwiched between two sputtered silicon films deposited on a single crystal silicon substrate, bombarded with 100 keV argon ions has been observed for different angles of incidence using Rutherford backscattering. The results are compared to a theory used to predict the behaviour of the sputtering yield with angle of incidence. It is found that the effect of incomplete collision cascades and anisotropy of the cascade distribution determine the behaviour of the broadening. © 1986. Recent experimental measurements of craters/defects caused by energetic C60 impacts on graphite have shown how the penetration depth of the C60 increases as a function of velocity. We show here Molecular Dynamics Simulations of C60, C70, C76, C78 and C84 impacts on graphite which are in very close agreement with the experimental findings. By comparison with single atom impacts on the same surface and study of the early cascade propogation we obtain an evidence of long time co-operative, non-linear, effects of the molecular surface interaction which give rise to greater displacement of target atoms than would be expected by just scaling up results from single atom interactions. There is little difference found between different impact sites for the molecules, unlike the single atom impact behaviour. In a comparative study of size and mass effects in the glancing incidence scattering of hyperthermal ions from a soft surface, He+, Xe+, and C+60 were scattered from highly oriented pyrolitic graphite (HOPG) over an energy range between 200 and 5000 eV. Predominantly neutral scattering products were observed for all projectiles. The corresponding angular and velocity distributions were recorded in the scattering plane. He+ gives rise to broad angular distributions conforming to the predictions of a simple binary collision model. With full widths at half maximum of less than 6 deg at typical collision energies, the angular distributions found for Xe+ and C+60 are very narrow. While Xe+ is always scattered near-specularly independent of collision energy, neutrals resulting from C+60 exit subspecularly - increasingly so the higher the collision energy. The experimental data are discussed in terms of dynamical simulations which indicate that Xe+ collides with a rigid ensemble of six carbon atoms while the fullerene scatters from a larger "moving target." © 1999 American Institute of Physics. The inherent difficulties in interpreting thermal desorption spectra are discussed. Possible mechanisms which can change the expected form of the evolution spectra are investigated including the possibility of a distribution of activation energies for release of trapped gas and the spatial distribution of the trapped gas. It is shown that the form of the evolution spectra can be quite misleading and unless care is taken the wrong conclusions can be derived. © 1979. This chapter describes the methods and applications for the use of multi-atom, ionized species, containing 10s to several thousand atoms, for high-flux ion doping and modification of surfaces with sub-keV energies per atom. ?Massive? ion beams are formed using molecular species, liquids and gas clusters. Ion beam systems for such ?massive? ions include the use of novel vaporizer methods, adiabatic cooling, electron beam ionization, and other techniques to provide stable, high-fluence beams. Applications include high-dose ion implantation for ultra-shallow junctions, room-temperature deposition of semiconductor and other layers, smoothing and high-rate etching of surfaces. A series of GaAs/AlxGa1?xAs MBE structures, in which x ranged from 0.10 to 0.40, was studied using microscope spectrophotometry (MSP). The MSP reflectance measurements were found to be extremely sensitive to compositional variation, with a clear inverse relationship between Al content and reflected intensity, and a sympathetic relationship between composition and dispersion. Theoretical optical models were simulated and fitted to the measured data to give layer dimensions which fitted remarkably well with SIMS data. It is concluded that MSP has great potential for the non-destructive metrology and quality control of simple and complex multilayer structures. © 1994 IOP Publishing Ltd. The spatial variation of energy deposited in a solid can lead to local variations in sputtering yield at points on the surface neighbouring the point of ion impact. An approximate theory is developed to describe this local sputtering yield variation in terms of the local morphology. It is then shown how, if this local variation merely moderates the standard sputtering yield-projectile incidence angle function by multiplication, an erosion slowness theory can be simply modified and generalized to allow prediction of the time development of sputtered surface morphology. Both transient and steady-state morphologies are explored. © 1981 Chapman and Hall Ltd. Epitaxial CoSi2 have been layers fabricated by implanting 200 keV cobalt ions, to doses between 1.5×1017 and 7×1017 Co+ cm-2, into (100), (110) and (111) single crystal silicon substrates. The experimental results after implantation are in close agreement with those obtained from computer simulations using single crystal targets. The as implanted structures for the lower doses (1.5×1017’3×1017 Co+ cm-2) are silicon rich and consist of a mixture of A- and B-type CoSi2 precipitates interwoven by silicon. For the medium doses (4×1017’5×1017 Co+ cm-2) an epitaxial layer of CoSi2 is formed with any excess cobalt being incorporated in small CoSi inclusions, at the peak of the implanted distribution. For the highest doses (6×1017’7×1017 Co+ cm-2) preferential sputtering of silicon at the surface of the silicide causes this region to become increasingly rich in cobalt. To accomodate this cobalt excess, grains of CoSi form above the epitaxial CoSi2 layer. As the dose is increased up to 5×1017 Co+ cm-2 the crystallinity of the synthesised layer improves and there is a corresponding decrease in resistivity, after which any further increase in dose causes the crystallinity to deteriorate again and the resistivity to increase. These changes can be correlated with the value of x in CoSix, i.e. when the layer is either rich in cobalt or silicon (2>×>2) the resistivity increases and there is a corresponding deterioration in crystal quality. For all doses, furnace annealing (at 1000°C, 30 min) causes a decrease in resistivity and a corresponding improvement in crystallinity as the ratio of Co:Si approaches the value for the stoichiometric compound (CoSi2). After rapid thermal annealing (RTA) at 1000°C for 5 s. the resistivity and crystal quality of the synthesised layer for the medium dose specimen (5×1017 cm-2) are close to those achieved by conventional furnace annealing. For the higher and lower doses the crystal quality is slightly worse and the resistivity slightly higher than those for analogous samples which have been furnace annealed. © 1991. Using simple Binary Collision simulations of energetic ion initiated collision cascades, particles are considered to undergo a series of binary collisions with their surroundings. In Molecular Dynamics simulation it is difficult to even define what is meant by a collision as the interaction potentials are infinite in nature and consequently all particles are considered to interact with all other particles. By making a suitable definition of a collision for Molecular Dynamics we are able to compare the temporal behaviour of the number of collisions occurring during the propagation of a collision cascade between the two different calculation schemes. An investigation is made of the number of collisions as a function of time occurring in collision cascades. We compare these results to the time ordered version of MARLOWE. By making further definitions about what makes a many body collision, we further investigate the numbers of many body collisions occurring during a number of collision cascades. © 1995. A new geometrical theory of sputtering is extended to investigate the behaviour of interface mixing as a function of the angle of ion incidence. It is found that the amount of mixing peaks with the angle of incidence at different angles depending upon the depth of the interface. When the interface is at the surface the mixing parameter behaves as the sputtering yield and maximises around 70 degree , whilst deeper interfaces, around the damage range, have maximum mixing at normal incidence. Approximately one third of the world's 15000 accelerators are used for tumour therapy and other medical applications [1]. The characteristics of FFAGs make them ideally suited to such applications, as the much smaller magnet size and greater compactness offers considerable cost and operational benefits. In the first stage the work on PAMELA will focus on the optimization of the FFAG design to deliver the specific machine parameters demanded by therapy applications. In this phase of the PAMELA project the effort will concentrate on the design of a semi-scaling type FFAGs to deliver a 450 MeV/u carbon ion beam, including detailed lattice and tracking studies. The second stage will use the existing expertise in the BASROC consortium [2] to undertake a design of the magnets and RF system for PAMELA. An outline of the overall concept of PAMELA will be discussed and the actual status of the work will be presented. ©2007 IEEE. Recent coaxial impact-collision ion scattering spectroscopy (CAICISS) experiments studying growth kinetics have indicated that 2 keV He ions can be backscattered through 180° from deep - 56 Å - within the target without losing more than a few hundred eV above the kinematic energy loss for 180° scattering. Using simple average stopping data it is difficult to satisfactorily explain how particles can penetrate this deep and come back retaining so much of their initial energy. We use the MARLOWE binary collision code to show that it is indeed possible for particles to be scattered from this deep in the solid and still have sufficient energy to appear in the surface peak. © 1992. Secondary Ion Mass spectrometry (SIMS) has been generally used in the field of material sciences. In recent years, it has also been applied for molecular imaging of biological samples. Nevertheless, molecular ions derived from the large molecules (more than 1 kDa) were detected with very low sensitivity. Plasma desorption mass spectrometry (PDMS) is known as mass spectrometry for large organic molecule. In PDMS, fission fragments bombard samples and the impact induces molecular ionization by electronic excitation. Large organic molecules are detected by using swift heavy ions in SIMS. In this work, 6 MeV Cu4+ we irradiated angiotensin II, a class of peptides. The intact molecular ions generated by swift heavy ion irradiation were analyzed by time?of?flight (TOF) measurement. The yields are compared with some other probe ions, bismuth or flurane. Swift heavy ion bombardment ionized large organic molecules more effectively than other probes. Therefore, high energy ion can be applied in high resolution molecular imaging. A molecular dynamics simulation has been used to investigate the sensitivity of atom ejection processes from a single-crystal target to changes in the atom-atom potential function. Four functions, three constructed from the Gibson potentials with Anderman's attractive well, and a fourth specifically developed for this investigation, were investigated in the Cu/Ar+ system over a range of ion energies from 1.0 to 10.0 kev with the KSE-B ion-atom potential. Well depths and widths also were varied. The calculations were done at normal incidence on the fcc (111) crystal orientation. Computed values were compared with experimental data where they exist. Sputtering yields, multimer yield ratios, layer yield ratios, and the ejected atom energy distribution vary systematically with the parameters of the atom-atom potential function. Calculations also were done with the modified Moliere function. Yields and other properties fall exactly into the positions predicted from the Born-Mayer function analysis. Simultaneous analysis of the ejected atom energy distribution and the ion energy dependence of the sputtering yield curve provides information about the parameters of both the wall and well portions of the atom-atom potential function. Ultra-shallow B and BF 2 implants in silicon pre-amorphised with Ge have been activated using a scanning non-melt laser. The implants were activated either by using 1 or 10 laser scans. Isochronal 60s post-laser annealing between 700-1000°C were then undertaken to study the deactivation and reactivation of the B. Both B and BF2 samples were implanted with a dose of 1×10 15 B cm -2 at an effective energy of 500eV. The presence of F from the BF 2 implants, which is superimposed over the boron profile increases the sheet resistance of the initial fabricated junction (from 600-700 ohms/sq from B implants only to 750-1100 ohms/sq for BF2 implants). Fluorine also changes the deactivation and reactivation behaviour of the boron during the post-anneals by increasing the amount of deactivation of the boron. © 2006 Materials Research Society. Ultra low energy boron implants (0.2 to 3 keV) have been carried out on Si (100) at doses between 1×1014cm-2 and 1×1015cm-2 using xRLEAP. The samples were annealed at temperatures between 900 °C and 1050 °C. The atomic profiles of these samples was measured using SIMS. Monte Carlo and diffusion simulations were performed using the SSupreme code. Comparisons between the simulations and experimental measurements show interesting differences these are discussed. It is well known that energetic impacts of Sb and Sb2 ions on gold substrates give rise to high energy density collision cascades and potentially very high sputtering yields. A large component of the sputtering mechanism is due to the presence of a thermal spike which causes prolonged ejection of material with thermal energies. This phenomenon is investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. The energy dissipation mechanisms and the effects of molecular orientation are investigated. The overall sputtering yields are compared to experimental measurements. A scanning tunneling microscope has been built together with the necessary controlling electronics. Currently this is used at atmospheric pressure but is capable of use under vacuum with minor modifications. Trials of the system, and subsequent adjustments, have taken place using highly oriented pyrolitic graphite and gold evaporated on silicon samples. Good and versatile control of tunneling current was achieved. We report on the design, development, construction, and evaluation of the instrument. Preliminary results illustrating reproducible topographical images are presented and discussed. Gap-versus-bias voltage and gap-versus-tunneling current characteristics are also presented and discussed. This paper examines some simple growth models of surface morphology on the atomistic scale from a single point nucleation source. Cellular Automata and Monte Carlo simulations are described and compared for growth from a point source. They are then applied to demonstrate the growth of spiral morphology from a screw dislocation. The shape of the spiral is shown to be dependant both on the parameters used in the models and the type of algorithm chosen. Individual impacts have been observed on quartz surfaces resulting from very low dose (typically 1010 to 1011 ions cm-2) energetic ion bombardment (species: Pb, Ni, O, Si, Ar, In, energy: 30 keV to 0.73 GeV). The work was undertaken in part to test a hypothesis drawn from earlier work that the change in surface topography around the ion track at the surface arises from a change in density brought about by radiation damage. The earlier work led us to predict that, whilst craters are seen from impacts on amorphous SiO2 (a-SiO2) due to an increase in density, we should see asperities on single crystal quartz due to a reduction in density. We also expected that the effect would be much larger in the case of quartz as the density change is much greater. The results reported here certainly support this hypothesis in general. Bombardment regimes have been chosen to enable us to compare directly with earlier measurements on a-SiO2, also to compare predominantly (near surface) electronic stopping with predominantly nuclear stopping regimes. In all cases, the areal density of asperities is less than that expected if every ion impact resulted in an observable effect and there is a great variation in asperity size. Analysis using MeV ion beams is a thin film characterisation technique invented some 50 years ago which has recently had the benefit of a number of important advances. This review will cover damage profiling in crystals including studies of defects in semiconductors, surface studies, and depth profiling with sputtering. But it will concentrate on thin film depth profiling using Rutherford backscattering, particle induced X-ray emission and related techniques in the deliberately synergistic way that has only recently become possible. In this review of these new developments, we will show how this integrated approach, which we might call ?total IBA?, has given the technique great analytical power. Some recent developments in computational models of atomic collision studies are described and the relative merits of the binary collision and molecular dynamics approaches are discussed. © 1992. The control of implanted depth distributions by preamorphising silicon results in the production of defects in sensitive regions of devices fabricated in this fashion. The most stable - and therefore the most troublesome - defects are the dislocation loops that form at the original amorphous/crystalline interface on annealing. Our models suggest that the dislocation loops evolve from atoms injected into the underlying crystalline region during the amorphising implant. The idea was tested by annihilating these excess atoms with excess vacancies produced during the formation of a deep buried amorphous layer as our model predicted. No dislocation loops were then observed in this region. © 1989. Multiple interaction computer simulations of bombardment cascades have been used to study the surface damage created by an ion. Qualitative information on the temporal evolution of the dynamic cascade is obtained from an animated movie of the process. A comparison is made between the final damage states of high energy-density trajectories. A number of ion-atom potential functions have been investigated over a wide range of ion energies. Only superficial differences are found. © 1984. P+/N Shallow junctions formation for 0.18 technology by low-energy implantation of boron atoms into Si using decaborane is demonstrated by molecular dynamics simulations. The simulations also show that some H is also implanted, although the amount is less than B. Transient enhanced diffusion appears to be limited . There are at least 3 known fast techniques for calculating the range profiles of ions implanted into layered structures which utalise the implantation profiles of the ions in bulk material of the individual layers. A fourth model - Layer - is introduced. These models are discussed and compared with experimental results, Monte Carlo calculations and each other. All models perform well in most layered materials where the stopping powers differ only slightly between the layers, but some perform better then others when there are large differences in stopping powers between layers. Layer is found to behave very well in most circumstances. © 1988. Molecular dynamics simulations of energetic particle interactions with silicon and graphite crystal surfaces are discussed. The simulations can be used to describe the physical state of the surface after such interactions and the dynamic development of the resulting surface damage can be examined. We demonstrate in the case of atomic impact at energies {greater-than or approximate} a few hundred eV, that craters can form on silicon while bumps are formed on graphite. Impact of C60 molecules is also discussed. On graphite, hexagonal surface waves propagate from the impact point and surface bonds remain unbroken at energies H a few hundred eV. The interactions with silicon surfaces at impact energies of H few eV depend crucially on the form of the potential. At keV energies the C60 molecule disintegrates and a large crater forms near the impact point. © 1995. This report is an attempt to assess the validity of the binary collisions approximation by comparing TRIM and molecular dynamics in calculating the backscattering of carbon ions off a graphite surface. The TRIM calculations were performed for an amorphous target with smooth surface. In the molecular dynamics calculations, a recently available semi-empirical many body potential by Tersoff was used. The calculations were made for a perfect crystal at zero temperature, consisting of 1342 atoms in five layers. The probability of reflection was calculated as a function of energy and angle of incidence of the projectile. Compared with the binary collisions calculations, molecular dynamics predicts a significantly higher backscattering probability. For instance, at normal incidence TRIM shows less than one per cent reflection in the whole energy range up to 1 keV, whereas in molecular dynamics the reflection yield peaks around 20 eV with more than 40% reflection. The case of a head-on collision with a surface at normal incidence is discussed in detail. © 1993. The special properties of molecular dynamics multiple interaction simulations make it possible to analyse in detail the spatio-temporal history of every atom within a fixed region of a target during ion irradiation. When the positions of each particle are analysed, with respect to all other atoms, a radial distribution function is readily obtainable. These distributions can give detailed information as to the degree of damage, up to amorphisation, and can determine an effective temperature of a collision cascade. It is found that at least 2% of the trajectories for 5 keV Ar ion normal incidence irradiation of a Cu target give rise to extensive (> 1000 atomic volumes) amorphous regions which can later be recrystallised. Comparison with the energy deposition distribution indicates above average surface deposited energy density in these cases and consequently a higher effective cascade temperature. © 1985. A study has been made to explore impact-induced desorption of C 60 fullerenes embedded in a benzene matrix as a model of matrix assisted secondary ion mass spectrometry. A fullerene concentration of about 0.5% was incorporated in a coarse-grained benzene target and then struck by a 5 keV fullerene projectile. The response of the benzene target was compared with a pure benzene target to observe the effects of the embedded molecules on the matrix. Three different trajectories were investigated. In the first, a single sputtered fullerene was ejected joined to a carbon atom from the projectile. In the second, an undamaged C60 was ejected, and in the third, no intact fullerenes were ejected. In all three cases, 4-6 fullerenes were pushed above the initial surface but were relocated into the crater rim, enriching the surface layer with the heavier and more strongly bound component. It is observed that the sputtered fullerenes are ejected with a number of matrix molecules, and that there is a small decrease in the internal energy of the ejected fullerene that corresponds to the gradual separation of the surrounding matrix molecules from the larger molecule. This evaporative cooling may provide a potential benefit to Matrix Assisted SIMS. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd Ion beam damage combined with nanoscale focused-ion-beam direct milling was used to create manufacturable superconductor-normal-superconductor type (SNS) Josephson junctions in 100-nm-thick MgB2 with TC of 38 K. The junctions show nonhysteretic current-voltage characteristics between 36 and 4.2 K. Experimental evidence for the dc and ac Josephson effects in MgB 2 metal-masked ion damage junctions are presented. This technique is particularly useful for prototyping devices due to its simplicity and flexibility of fabrication and has a great potential for high-density integration. © 2002 American Institute of Physics. The surface topographic development by sputter erosion of a solid resulting from spatially non-uniform projectile bombardment is considered theoretically. It is shown that whilst formal prediction of time-dependent surface geometry is possible, analytic solution of the defining equations is generally unachievable, although an approximate treatment may be made for the case of a Gaussian flux distribution profile and an initially plane surface. It is shown that profile perturbations resulting from erosion rate-projectile incidence angle variations can assume importance when erosion crater depths become of similar order to projectile beam width. This behaviour is also revealed by computer simulation of the erosion process and a sand blasting experimental analogue study. © 1979 Chapman and Hall Ltd. A new protocol using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) has been developed to identify the deposition order of a fingerprint overlapping an ink line on paper. By taking line scans of fragment ions characteristic of the ink molecules (m/z 358.2 and 372.2) where the fingerprint and ink overlap and by calculating the normalised standard deviation of the intensity variation across the line scan, it is possible to determine whether or not a fingerprint is above ink on a paper substrate. The protocol adopted works for a selection of fingerprints from four donors tested here and for a fingerprint that was aged for six months; for one donor, the very faint fingerprints could not be visualized using either standard procedures (ninhydrin development) or SIMS and therefore the protocol correctly gives an inconclusive result. Ion beam analysis comprises of a group of analytical techniques tackling the elemental composition of thin films by probing them with MeV ions. These techniques exploit information from photons and particles that come from the interaction of the MeV ions with the sample surface. Secondary ions, yet another species ensuing from such interactions can also be analysed providing information on molecular composition. The only ion beam analysis technique addressing the molecular composition is MeV SIMS, enabling detection and imaging of organic matter. The molecular detection and imaging of organic material is dominated by other surface sensitive techniques, such as TOF SIMS, providing a strong competition to MeV SIMS. In a pursuit to fully exploit the advantages of MeV SIMS in the field, the possibility to extract MeV ions into the air can also be utilised, thus offering the potential for application of ambient based MeV SIMS. In this work, a fully ambient MeV SIMS setup is introduced and commissioned at the University of Surrey Ion Beam Centre, and termed ?Ambient Pressure MeV SIMS?. The aims of this thesis are to optimise AP MeV SIMS for detection and imaging of organic species, as well as to explore potential applications for the technique. The complex optimisation of AP MeV SIMS described in this work encounters many parameters influencing either the electronic sputtering or gas dynamic of secondary ions. A great volume of the optimisation process has addressed the issue of an immense background contribution by investigation of its identity and origin. Moreover, the atmosphere encompassing the sampling area was investigated and the effect of different angles and types of a sheath gas directing the sample was tested. The following work of this thesis demonstrates the application assessment of AP MeV SIMS. Here results of analysis of amino acids, explosives and synthetic organic pigments are presented. Finally, a description of a feasibility study on merging of AP MeV SIMS and HIPIXE with a purpose of simultaneous molecular and elemental imaging under ambient conditions is given. One of the greatest challenges in silicon photonics has been to induce light emission in silicon, with the ultimate vision is to have fully silicon-based photonics emitters or lasers which can operate by both optical and electrical pumping. Comprehensive photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) studies are conducted on dislocation engineering light emitting diode structures based on silicon implanted (Si:B) with Ce, Eu, and Yb rare-earth (RE) ions. The PL and EL results show very bright luminescence intensity and dramatic red shifting in luminescence peaks which shows a possible novel phenomenon of RE energy transition modification. The modification is attributed to the direct transition from Si conduction band edge to RE manifolds? (_^2)F?_(7/2)^ , ?(_^2)F?_(5/2)^ for ?Ce?^(3+), ?(_^7)F?_j^ (j=0 to 4) for ?Eu?^(3+), ?(_^2)F?_(5/2)^ and ?(_^2)F?_(7/2)^ for ?Yb?^(3+). The emissions are shifted from the conventional lowest internal energy transition in ?Ce?^(3+) from around blue spectrum at ~350 nm (due to (_^2)D_(3/2)^ excited state to the ?(_^2)F?_(7/2)^ , ?(_^2)F?_(5/2)^ transitions) to ~1.35 µm in Si:B&Ce. For ?Eu?^(3+) the emission is shifted from around the red spectrum at ~600 nm (due to (_^5)D_0^ excited state to the ?(_^7)F?_j^ transitions, j=0 to 4) to ~ 1.40 µm in Si:B&Eu and for ?Yb?^(3+) is shifted from slightly beyond the visible region at ~980 nm (due to ?(_^2)F?_(5/2)^ excited state to the ?(_^2)F?_(7/2)^ transition) to ~ 1.43 µm in Si:B&Yb samples. The new shifting of luminescence peak into NIR region is very important for optical communication in making LEDs and lasers.

Mad Max Cars, a Seattle based company that specializes in refurbishing television and movie cars, contacted me about a newly acquired piece that they are working on - the Knight 2000 care from the 2008 Knight Rider pilot! Below is a description of the car, in their own words: This 1988 Pontiac Firebird was acquired by Universal Studios through the Picture Car Wrangler who also built the Knight 3000 Mustangs, for use in the filming of the new Knight Rider TV movie / backdoor series pilot. This car, numbered #1559 in official documentation, appeared in Scene 7 as the camera follows the villains through Charles Graiman's Lab/Garage. The car is shown in multiple staged shots over the course of its appearance. At roughly 3:53 into the TV broadcast (right after the counter top nano robots) we briefly see it under a tarp behind one of the villains, then a quick shot of a loose body panel as the remaining villains enter the garage. The next shot, a close up of the engine's Throttle Body clearly showing the 'Tuned Port Injection' lettering, begins this car's brief 'Hero' close ups. The villains are then shown standing next to and inspecting #1559 with their flashlights, the hood is off and a moving blanket covering the windshield back. In the next shot, only the antenna can be seen as one of the baddies pans his flashlight away from #1559 as the shot changes to lights shining on a ceiling full of hanging loose parts from #1559 as well as; some fiberglass K.I.T.T. conversion parts (loaned to the production by Rob Louisell), and panning down to an engine on a hoist (none of which have ever been on or part of #1559). We are then treated to what is likely a digital composite shot from all accounts, showing a large wearhouse type lab, with tons of tables and gadgets and 3 K.I.T.T.'s lined up (behind the scenes photos and documentation reveal that the area was MUCH smaller). These cars are reportedly a miniature or model Knight 2000 in the foreground, #1559 under a moving blanket in the middle, and the Knight 3000 Mustang in the background. A quick montage of shots then shows the crooks looking around at the lab gives some quick close ups of the hood, the bumper provided by Louisell, and a pair of pan by shots of #1559 again with the hood off covered by the tarp this time with its fender and a 82 style rear wing on top. We are then treated to shoots of a Supercharged motor on the hoist and the crooks discovering a 'Pilot' style Knight 2000 gullwing wheel, with 1559 in the background under its tarp and hanging parts. There we see 1559 for the last time, in the background, as the villains discover the Knight 3000 Mustang while looking through a rack of aluminum rims. As we get our first taste of Knight 3000 at about 4:41 in the broadcast, we have seen the last of #1559....... and unless a new series or movie is produced to change it, we have just seen the very last car ever to portray the fabulous Knight Industries Two Thousand we all know and love, in a Knight Rider Franchise production (which does feature David Hasselhoff in a cameo, reprising his role as Michael Knight). Shortly after it was posted, the cars current owner saw it 'leaked' in a spoiler blog, long before the pilot movie was released. It can still be seen here: He immediately called the builders of the Knight 3000 Mustang and inquired, being told the car could not be sold until they were certain it would not be needed again, but putting his name as the potential buyer. Keeping tabs on it, and finally calling to make the purchase when the series wrapped, the owner made his childhood dream come true in the biggest way possible, owning the very last true K.I.T.T. The last Knight 2000 is currently being refurbished and getting the conversions appropriate to a hero car of this stature, while maintaining all of its screen used integrity. This Museum caliber curatorial refurbishment is in the good hands of Seattle Movie Car restorer and builder Mad Max Cars, and should be complete soon. Before Universal Studios had their K.I.T.T. display over the water, where visitors could sit in him and have a conversation, they had this display. The Trans Am, with blacked out windows and a rear defrost hatch, was perched on a stage and visitors could have their pictures taken in front of him. My guess is that these pictures are from 1983, since the permanent "K.I.T.T. over water" display started in early 1984. Do you have any information or pictures on this display? Let us know! This jacket was worn by David Hasselhoff in the Pilot when he went undercover as a Comtron security guard. It is currently in a private collection overseas. Do you know the owner? If so, we'd love to speak to them and get some more details on this piece! The convertible version of K.I.T.T. was built for the fourth season of the series by George Barris. This car started out life as a V6 base model Firebird hard top. As you can see in the engine bay, the car was originally maroon. PHS report shows that it had a gray interior as well. After the series ended, this car was shipped to the Cars of the Stars Museum in Keswick, England. That museum closed earlier this year and this car is now rumored to be heading to a museum in Florida. This briefcase appeared twice in the show - in "Knight of the Drones", David Halston used it to activate the Drone cars near the end of the episode. In "Knight in Disgrace" (pictured), Boyd LaSalle used it to monitor the Foundation. Notice how they superimposed the monitor screen. In reality, it wasn't there. This briefcase still exists today and belongs to a prop house in Hollywood. A supposed original leather jacket from the series. I don't know where this picture came from. My guess is an auction. It's current whereabouts are unknown. I'm sure they had multiple copies of the jackets throughout the years, but only a couple are known to still exist. This Jack Sessums built miniature K.I.T.T. was acquired by The Comisar Collection years ago through a Profiles in History auction. This archive includes over 5,000 pieces of TV and movie memorabilia and the president of the company, James Comisar, was gracious enough to provide this photo to us. So, I have owned this PANP board for almost two years, but I never bothered to try and light it up. The wiring appeared to be a mess and I didn't want to damage anything. I was looking at it yesterday and decided to see what would happen. I figured out the positive and negatives and applied a 9V battery to it...the result is seen above! Surprisingly, with no repairs from me, about 75% of the board still lights! When I get some time, I will probably repair the circuit so the other LEDs light. Cool, eh? As we all know, K.I.T.T. was placed in a portable TV in the episode "Soul Survivor". That prop was reused in a smaller capacity in season three's "Junkyard Dog" and season four's "Knight of the Juggernaut". Many people believe this prop to have been built from a Sony FX-414 portable radio/television. However, if you compare the layout of the controls on the top, they vary slightly. I do believe the correct model is a Sony, just not this one. Does anyone know the correct model number for this TV? If so, let us know! Earlier this year, AJ and I made a really cool discovery - we found one of the last remaining Comtron trailers! As you know, the Pilot episode featured these uniquely painted trailers heavily. In reality, they were part of Universal's transportation fleet, but to know that one still exists today is a really cool feeling! This trailer was built in 1981, making it quite new when first seen on the show! I found this picture in my archives, taken at (I believe) one of the Knight Rider conventions in Germany. In the clear boxes are supposedly original pieces of KITT. You can spot some season 3/4 pod buttons and a voicebox, among other things. Was anyone at this event, or does anyone know who owns these? Anyone have any better pics? If so, let me know! While many of you may have seen this photo before, I wanted to post it so you can take a closer look at something. Look at the passenger side seat - it's set up as an ejection seat! This picture provides one of the best views of the ejection seat and how the production team made it work. Note the lack of a center console and round steering wheel, too! Jim Suva at the Rockford Files blog sent me this photo. It was taken years ago and shows a gold painted K.I.T.T. in the front window of Barris' shop in North Hollywood. Parked beside it is the "Dagger DX" from "Knights of the Fast Lane". From the very start of the series, viewers witnessed K.I.T.T. driving by himself. In reality, stunt man Jack Gill would hide in a specially constructed seat so as to hide his appearance. Originally, there was only one blind drive car - one driven from the driver's seat. It wasn't until the beginning of season three that the passenger side blind drive car made an appearance. The first picture you see is a behind the scenes shot of the blind drive car. The other pictures show the blind drive car in action on the series. Note that even though K.I.T.T. switched to a 1 TV dash in season 3, you can still spot a 2 TV dash throughout the last 2 years of the show - this is the blind drive car. Any time you see K.I.T.T. driving by himself during seasons 3 and 4 - look for the 2 TV dash. If you can see it, it's the driver's side blind drive car. If you can't - it's the passenger side blind drive car. Description: This compass panel was once a part of the dashboard found in the first Universal Studios display car. Note how the textured overlay is missing, revealing the directional arrows as block LEDs. Either this piece was built specifically for the display car and it was done inaccurately, or this is a piece that was used in the series but at some point had the overlay removed. While not easy to see, if you look at the picture of the dash when it was still on display, you can see the block LED compass arrows as well as the red "North" bar graph array. So, with this piece, I now know where the complete dash electronics for this car are currently. I own the Tach, PANP, monitor frame, voicebox and steering wheel - the other private party owns the rest. Hopefully, we can join our parts back together again and rebuild this dash. A number of years ago, these photos, along with a few others, were posted on one of the Knight Rider message boards. They appeared to be pictures of pictures and the quality wasn't the greatest. They were taken on the set of "The Nineteenth Hole". Do you know the owner of these photos? We would like to speak with that person! Please let us know. Description: This season 3/4 switchpod panel was housed in the first Universal Studios display car from the late 80's until approximately 1999. Notice how the center buttons are absent - this was most likely due to the fact that the car received so many visitors and more buttons to press meant more opportunities for breakage. The picture above on the right shows this switchpod installed on the display car. Chances are good that prior to be installed in the display car, these were used in some capacity on the series (just not for close-up shots). The infamous rubber shell. Used throughout all four seasons of the series, this shell was designed to slip over the top of the cars during stunt scenes. Other cars could hit KITT and you wouldn't see any damage. Once the scene was done, the shell could be lifted off to reveal the damage to the car. Unfortunately, the only pictures I have of the shell off the car are the two seen here. Its current whereabouts are unknown. Do you have additional pictures of this shell or any information on its whereabouts? If so, let us know! These dash pieces claiming to be from an original K.I.T.T. car have been a staple on Ebay for the last couple of years. Here's a link to the latest auction: Yes and No. The title you see is from screen used K.I.T.T. #1177 and is genuine. The rest of the pieces offered in this auction, to my knowledge, were NEVER on the car when it was used in the series. I believe these pieces were installed on #1177 AFTER the series ended. Carl Casper purchased the remaining cars and put them on tour - these panels were part of the modifications done to the car subsequent to filming. So there you have it! Description: This is one of several miniature models of K.I.T.T. built by the late Jack Sessums of Sessums and Slagle Productions. These cars first made their appearance in the season two premiere "Goliath" and were seen from time to time throughout the rest of the series. The owner purchased this piece from the Volo Auto Museum in 2007. Being the only mini K.I.T.T. with an opening t-top, it's easy to spot in such episodes as "Return to Cadiz" and "Knight of the Drones".

Aethrio Hotel is perfectly located for both business and leisure guests in Santorini. Both business travelers and tourists can enjoy the hotel's facilities and services. Facilities like Wi-Fi in public areas, airport transfer, family room, car hire, tours are readily available for you to enjoy. Comfortable guestrooms ensure a good night's sleep with some rooms featuring facilities such as television LCD/plasma screen, non smoking rooms, air conditioning, heating, mini bar. To enhance guests' stay, the hotel offers recreational facilities such as outdoor pool, diving, massage, solarium. Discover all Santorini has to offer by making Aethrio Hotel your base. Hotel Aethrio cost depends on the season and prices can be much different basing on selected dates. The diagram below illustrates price changing dynamic for Aethrio hotel by months. For example, the lowest prices - on the average $92 - are in October, and by August hotel Aethrio cost grows on the average up to $267. Anetis Hotel is a popular choice amongst travelers in Zakynthos Island, whether exploring or just passing through. The hotel has everything you need for a comfortable stay. To be found at the hotel are 24-hour front desk, express check-in/check-out, luggage storage, BBQ facilities, car hire. All rooms are designed and decorated to make guests feel right at home, and some rooms come with air conditioning, heating, balcony/terrace, telephone, television. Entertain the hotel's recreational facilities, including diving, children's playground, billiards, table tennis, horse riding. A welcoming atmosphere and excellent service are what you can expect during your stay at Anetis Hotel. Hotel Anetis Hotel cost depends on the season and prices can be much different basing on selected dates. The diagram below illustrates price changing dynamic for Anetis Hotel hotel by months. For example, the lowest prices - on the average $58 - are in May, and by September hotel Anetis Hotel cost grows on the average up to $129. Property Location Located in Taroudannt, La Gazelle d'Or is convenient to Assarag Square and Arab Souk. This hotel is within close proximity of Grand Mosque and Mohammed V University of Agdal. Rooms Make yourself at home in one of the 30 guestrooms. Complimentary wireless Internet access is available to keep you connected. Bathrooms with shower/tub combinations are provided. Housekeeping is provided daily, and both cribs/infant beds (complimentary) and rollaway/extra beds (surcharge) are available on request. Amenities Don't miss out on recreational opportunities including an indoor pool and a fitness center. Dining Grab a bite at one of the hotel's 2 restaurants, or stay in and take advantage of room service (during limited hours). Relax with your favorite drink at a bar/lounge or a poolside bar. Continental breakfasts are available daily from 6:30 AM to 12:30 PM for a fee. Business, Other Amenities Featured amenities include a 24-hour front desk, multilingual staff, and laundry facilities. Free valet parking is available onsite. Hotel Protos Hotel cost depends on the season and prices can be much different basing on selected dates. The diagram below illustrates price changing dynamic for Protos Hotel hotel by months. For example, the lowest prices - on the average $24 - are in September, and by May hotel Protos Hotel cost grows on the average up to $111. This theme park is one major leisure centre in Madrid and the central area of Spain. It features 5 sections, representing 5 different film industry atmospheres, with shops, bars and restaurants: Hollywood Boulevard, Cartoon Village,Warner Bros Studios, Old West Territory and DC Superheroes.[additional-description]This theme park is one major leisure centre in Madrid and the central area of Spain. It features 5 sections, representing 5 different film industry atmospheres, with shops, bars and restaurants: Hollywood Boulevard, Cartoon Village,Warner Bros Studios, Old West Territory and DC Superheroes.[/additional-description][location]In the Southeastern part of the Community of Madrid, just 28 Km. from the city centre. You can go by car (N-IV and take the M-506 turn off) and by train (RENFE from Atocha station) which stops at the park´s entrance.[/location] The time for OUYA’s official release in June is coming, but in the meantime, backers of the project (when OUYA was just a Kickstarter darling and nothing more) are getting their consoles early. We knew that it would be sometime in March, but the official word from the OUYA blog is that consoles will start shipping on March 28th. In the post, co-founder Julie Uhrman did note that it could take a few weeks for everyone in the queue to receive their consoles, but that’s probably because there are “tens of thousands” of backers that are getting an early device. The post included some news about upcoming games, too. Airtight Games and Tripwire Interactive are both developing an exclusive title each for the system. The latter is porting its “The Ball” to OUYA, just as nWay and Minority Media are bringing “ChronoBlade” and “Papo & Yo”, respectively.

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The are places I will always associate with specific periods of time in my life. Places I will cherish, off the beaten path gems with a dash of dry-rot, buckled pavers and crooked art. Gems – albeit rough cut and set in slightly tarnished gold. Places with great views, great food and/or drink and grand visions but with slightly chipped paint, a touch of rust and the occasional broken toilet. These locations attract some of the real life characters serving as inspiration for archtypes in from the Land of Misfit Toys – drunkards, artists, drunkards, blue collar, white collars and drunkards. But most people are there because of what the place is as much as for what it isn’t. Not a chain restaurant, not a franchise, under done, humble. Bonefish Willy’s in Eau Gallie, Florida (near Melbourne) is one of those waterfront gems. Situated on a bluff over the Indian River Lagoon with a massive deck, fantastic seafood (Grouper Bruschetta anyone?) and views like no other. I was fortunate to work there for many years while living in Flori-duh. It’s one of the few bars where Ernie – my now passed on Chihuahua – got drunk. I’m not proud of it. But Ernie LOVED beer. Just a teaspoon at a time, fairly harmless – and everyone was giving him teaspoons as he walked along the bartop from person to person, beer bottle to bottle. Poor little guy must’ve been “hurtin and shot” the next day. Bonefish was great when it wasn’t my primary employment. Relying on income from from tips as your “means”, not so great. When Bonefish was just a Friday or Saturday, it was fun, fun money, shift drinks and shift meals and a 50% discount any time else. From that deck I saw some of the most amazing sunsets, a sunset NASA shuttle launch, a nighttime NASA shuttle launch that lit up the lagoon like it was day. “Cold” nights after-hours, wrapped in blankets to fend off the 48 degree weather. But one day I left for Colorado, others moved on, some to paths unknown. Others never leaving and passing before their time. Greg Rook and and Terry Holt – I miss you both for different reasons. Appleton’s Jamaican rum is one of the reasons, great stories is the other. There are Bonefish Willy’s out there and I’ve run across a few – full of character and imperfections but perfect nonetheless. I submit to you Exhibit B*. (Note: There was an exhibit A but I lost it.) * Anthony is not a paid spokesperson for any of the places mentioned in this post. Not that he is opposed to being compensated. Christiansted, St. Croix: Luncheria (do they still have $1 margs?). Lenny! A patio tucked in behind the typical walls of of downtown Christiansted. Cheap food, mahogany trees and monkey-no-climbs shading old coral blocked walls and coral cobblestones. I worked there, gratefully for a time (and then not-so-gratefully when I was ready to move on), after a season of turtle-herding with the National Park Service. Guanacaste, Costa Rica: Brasilito! The bar across from Hotel Brasilito, named??? Indoor chickens, bananas curing in the rafters and Cuba Libres (Tico style). Drinks were served in parts. Fresh cut limes in a dish, a shot of rum, ice in an urn and a tumbler. Self service! The frehsly popped bottle of coke served with the ingredients had more glass than any of the windows. I kid you not. Those “open” windows looked out over Brasilito Bay on the Pacific Ocean. Gunnison, Colorado: The Gunnison Brewery patio. A gem of a patio for the all-to-short summers of the Gunnison Valley. Find an umbrella during the day after a ride, raft or hike and after dark plan on layers and getting close to a propane heater. Good times and good friends. Some friends drank shots of a bar tray. Another story for another time. Athens, Georgia: The Lunch Paper. Great beers and freaky people. The Paper is now long gone but it was a mainstay on weekends during the college days. Followed occasionally by trips to the The Grill and followed almost always by Tombstone (the movie, not the pizza). Kaneohe Bay, Oahu: Paradise Bay Resort. Fancy-ish, gorgeous, the anti-Waikiki. I serve as a deck-hand on the boat tours on Kaneohe Bay. Sharing my version of semi-factual Hawaiian History and ecosystems and filling in the rest. Lush settings with a dinner view of the Kualoa Mountains and the Koolaus to die for and mai tais that might actually kill you. Hidden gems…but with a poor cut and polish. Still trying to find my Bonefish(es?) here on Oahu and wherever I go. Where’s your Bonefish?

General Duane H. Cassidy is commander in chief of U.S. Transportation Command and Military Airlift Command, with headquarters at Scott Air Force Base, Ill. As commander in chief of Transportation Command he is responsible for global land, air and sea transportation for all U.S. fighting forces. As commander in chief of Military Airlift Command, he is responsible for military airlift in support of unified and specified commands during war, periods of crisis and contingencies. The general also commands special operations, rescue, weather, aeromedical evacuation, audiovisual and operational support airlift forces for Department of Defense agencies throughout the world. He is executive director of the Single Manager Operating Agency for the Department of Defense Airlift Service. General Cassidy was born in Coraopolis, Pa., in 1933. He earned a bachelor of science degree from the University of Nebraska in 1968 and a master of science degree from Troy State University in 1975. He completed Squadron Officer School in 1961, Industrial College of the Armed Forces in 1973, Air War College in 1975, the J.L. Kellogg Graduate School of Management at Northwestern University in 1979, and the program for senior executives in national and international security at the John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, in 1983. Upon completion of aviation cadet training, the general was commissioned as a second lieutenant in 1954. He then attended navigator training at Harlingen and James Connally Air Force bases, Texas. His initial operational assignments in the Air Force were to the Military Air Transport Service: first to the Air Weather Service's 6th Weather Group, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, flying B-25s, and then to Air Rescue Service's 49th Air Rescue Squadron, Selfridge Air Force Base, Mich. During these assignments he participated in numerous rescue and weather reconnaissance missions, including the hydrogen weapons test in 1956 at Eniwetok Atoll in the Marshall Islands. His navigator assignments ended after two years as a Military Air Transport Service C-121 line crew member at Charleston Air Force Base, S.C. He entered pilot training in December 1958. General Cassidy was assigned to Strategic Air Command after graduation from pilot training and flew B-47s at McCoy Air Force Base, Fla., Little Rock Air Force Base, Ark., and Lincoln Air Force Base, Neb. In November 1965 he transferred to Minot Air Force Base, N.D., and served with the 810th Strategic Aerospace Division, whose mission included B-52 bomber and Minuteman missile operations. In September 1968 he was assigned to the Republic of Vietnam, serving first with 7th Air Force's Tactical Air Control Center and then with the Military Assistance Command Vietnam Directorate of Public Affairs as an air briefer to the Saigon press corps. The general returned to the Air Force airlift mission in October 1969. He was assigned to Military Airlift Command headquarters as executive to the deputy chief of staff for operations, and later as executive aide and pilot for the Military Airlift Command commander. In August 1972 he assumed command of the 8th Military Airlift Squadron, McChord Air Force Base, Wash. He entered Air War College in August 1974 and, upon graduation, again served at Military Airlift Command headquarters, as assistant chief of staff. In August 1976 General Cassidy was assigned as vice commander of the 63rd Military Airlift Wing at Norton Air Force Base, Calif. In February 1978 he became commander of the wing. He returned to Military Airlift Command headquarters in July 1980 and served initially as assistant deputy chief of staff for operations. In August 1981 he became the command's deputy chief of staff for operations. From October 1983 to August 1984 he served as commander of Military Airlift Command's 21st Air Force at McGuire Air Force Base, N.J. During this period Military Airlift Command was heavily involved in support of United States' operations in Lebanon and Grenada. General Cassidy then transferred to Headquarters U.S. Air Force, Washington, D.C., where he served as deputy chief of staff for manpower and personnel. The general assumed command of Military Airlift Command in September 1985 and of U.S. Transportation Command upon its activation Oct. 1, 1987. The general is a command pilot and senior navigator with more than 8,000 flying hours. His military decorations and awards include the Distinguished Service Medal, Legion of Merit, Bronze Star Medal, Defense Meritorious Service Medal, Meritorious Service Medal with two oak leaf clusters, and the Air Medal. General Cassidy also wears the Parachutist Badge. Description Correspondence regarding Tustin Playhouse Children's Theatre's production of 'The Miracle Worker,' accompanied by a playbill from the event. New signing Chris Whelpdale has described the atmosphere among the AFC Wimbledon squad as “superb” heading into a key part of pre-season. channel.You TubeFollowing the squad’s return from a training camp in South Wales, Chris made a few tough selections from the current crop in a light-hearted interview with WDON's Rob Cornell. This can be viewed on our official During an extended interview with Chris, which can be viewed on Dons Player, he said: “Everyone has got on really well and we’ve all clicked. The atmosphere here is superb. There are no separate little cliques or anything like that and it’s good to see.”

This is a big store with a lot of different departments but nothing really out of the ordinary or unique. It's good if you are looking for popular books and toys and school supplies and it's all under one roof, which is convenient. But you won't find much of anything really special here. Prices are reasonable. The best part is that there's a lot of other shopping and dining in this newly renovated shopping center. I have used Cale a few times and he is very professional and knows what he is doing. Very friendly and helpful. I would call on him again without hesitation. Licensed massage therapist specializes in Swedish massages, but also provides trigger point therapies and traditional Chinese techniques. This place is great, not only for nails but also for buying products, they have great variety and the prices are reasonable. The people working here are friendly and make appointment scheduling easy. The hours are amazing at this particular location but if you sign up with them you can go to any of their many locations all over town. I go to two locations. I love this one a lot because the hours work so well with my busy schedule. They're practically open 24/7. The staff is super nice and don't try to just sell you something because of commision. Def we'll keep coming Tis tanning salon has great beds but horrible under educated staff members! I got cussed out by a manager. I called corporate and they did nothing.. They need training in service! All About Garage Doors is a great garage door install and repair company. They have done work for me on new-build homes in the phoenix area, as well as maintenance and repairs on my home garage door. They are reasonable and timely. I would recommend them to anyone that needs a new door, garage door opener, or a garage door repair in mesa, phoenix, scottsdale, or wherever. This is one TERRIFIC COMPANY!..as a newcomer, I could have easily been 'ripped off' when an accident destroyed my garage door. Lucky for me, I found ALL ABOUT DOORS! I think an A + rating should go this company, and Mr. Sam Cope for his caring, expert, reasonable, prompt service, and above all else...honest. and trustworthy. I whole heartedly recommend All About Doors to anyone who needs any work, service, or new garage doors. They were excellent, same day service, professional and very efficient. They didn't try to sell me anything I didn't need. They are an A++ company to do business with. My sister used All About Garage Doors and now my friend at work needed some work done on her garage. I remembered the name of this company but not the phone number. Looked the info up and now my coworker is on the phone with All About Garage Doors. Thank you for being the type of business owner that I could refer to anyone knowing they are getting the best! I needed a spring replaced on my garage door, and knew better than to do-it-myself. All About Garage Door was my first pick in the phone book. It turned out to be a very lucky pick--they were prompt, professional and very efficient. They didn't try to sell me on anything I didn't really need. Also, their charges were reasonable. I would definitely recommend them to anyone that needs their garage door serviced. I thoroughly enjoyed this place. Although I'm a big fan of Thai Palms. This thai food is on a whole other playing field. Definately spicier and more adult, but amazing none the less. This is my kid's favorite place to eat. My son loves their chicken satay and my daughter loves the chicken low mein. I highly recommend the yellow curry and #33 to go with it. The prices are reasonable and they are not so fancy that I feel uncomfortable taking my kids here. My kids actually ate broccoli from here! My mom had ordered some noodle dish that came in a pork broth and my kids ended up eating every piece of broccoli from the three dishes that we ordered. The yellow curry is very good and is my favorite thing to order there. The service here is also really good. Another favorite of my family and friends. We enjoy the family style eating where everyone orders their favorite and everyone tries it all. The prices are great and the food is yummy. I like going to Town & Country center on Saturdays when I've gotten the urge to get out and shop during the middle of the day. Shopping is like a religion in this city, and almost every major center is packed by mid-afternoon; but I can always go to Town & Country and find an easy parking space and an unhurried atmosphere in which to browse. The women's retail stores are generally pricey, as are the specialty stores, and the atmosphere is more suburban than some may like, but for a enjoyable, relaxing stroll through some nice retails outlets in a clean and pleasant environment, this place can't be beat. Eurosport Cycles have a very nice store and shop. They carry a wide variety of bikes but I go there for their accessories. They have great lines of helmets and leather clothing for riding. The prices are good for the great quality that you get and you can get things there that are unique and hard to find in the area unless you order them on line. The staff knows their bikes and most of them actually ride so they can help you with any of your questions. This store has all the European goodies I can only dream of owning. The staff is great, they will talk to you all day about bikes if you want, no pressure sales and you can go sit and drool over all the bikes in the shop. Definitely one of your better bike shops and has more unique bikes. Don't take the kids to the Mariners, they'll be horribly bored! There's lots going on at an Aquasox game for everyone, including plenty of pre-game things to do in front, and something to watch for at every 1/2 inning. Run the bases at the end and get a coupon to the Everett Taco Del Mar. My son has worked for the Aquasox for the past three summers and I have been extremely impressed with the family atmosphere that the club represents. The employees are expected to dress neatly and conservatively and the grounds are kept spotless. Spectators have the opportunity to be watch a minor league game "up close" (it truly feels up close!) and they are included throughout the evening with a myriad of activities and contests set up especially to involve the audience. Ticket prices are inexpensive (but unfortunately, food is not allowed to be brought in and the costs for refreshments can offset the idea of a budget evening of entertainment. Why go to Seattle and spend an hour driving and paying to park? Howbout free parking on-site? Howbout cheezy entertainment between every inning? Howbout players you can get autographs from after the game? Howbout players that make less money than you? OK, the dogs are still overpriced, but not like Sodo Field. If your kids get bored they can go play catch on the grass! The sun is hot sometimes. Did I mention it is outdoors in the sun on real grass? For some family fun reminiscent of simpler days, go to a few of the Everett Aquasox games! The Aquasox are the Mariners' minor league A team, and a perfect way to have a fun and relaxing time with family or any group of friends. Ticket prices are a steal -- their 4 for $44 deal includes entrance fee, a hot dog, chips, and large soda for 4 people. Hard to find a deal like that anywhere! Between innings they use a huge slingshot to hurl T-shirts into the crowd, or they have fun competitions for kids and families. For all that entertainment, there's not a bad seat in the whole house. The game is going to be played earlier this year, but I haven’t heard an exact date. Nonetheless, this will be The Sanchez Bowl … and also Round 2 of Amezquita/B-Mart. If you’ll recall, the two All-Area QBs put on a show in Week 3 with Gladstone winning 68-66 in 3 OT. The game will also mark the final hurrah for Albert Sanchez, who resigned shortly after the season ended. Yes, it would. It would also be nice if BG was in our coverage zone and if Alhambra actually informed us when things happen. But since they don’t and they’ve chosen how they’d prefer to be covered, then this is what you get; a tree falling in a forest with only five people hearing it … and four of them work in the forest. Feel me? I feel u. I thought bg was part of the Whittier daily news area coverage. Any word the coaching search at San Gabriel?

They can grow to be a slimy 30 inches long. Many are parasites. They latch onto prey (or biologists’ fingers, whichever is handy) with their gaping mouths, refusing to let go. And when it comes to feeding, one biologist colorfully put it this way: Lamprey “make their living by attacking fishes with their sucking mouths, rasping holes in the skin with their piston-like tongues, and pumping out blood and body fluids.” Yet conservation groups have launched a massive effort to protect the ancient, boneless fish under the Endangered Species Act, right alongside more charismatic critters like the bald eagle. But the number of lamprey returning from the ocean to spawn has dwindled. Losing the lamprey entirely would forever wipe out a vital part of any river’s ecosystem, said Scott Greacen of the Garberville-based Environmental Protection Information Center (EPIC). The federal government admits lamprey have been mostly ignored, all but invisible beneath the green waters of Clear Creek and many other channels from Southern California to British Columbia. But after EPIC and eight other conservation groups sued, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service agreed to at least consider studying the lamprey for protection. A decision on whether to initiate a yearlong study is expected next week. On Friday, fisheries biologists Matt McCormack and Lael Will drove their pickup down a rocky, rutted road to the banks of Clear Creek, where a floating station with a “screw trap” waits to capture unsuspecting aquatic animals. The fish are sucked into a cone that rotates in the current. They’re kept in a screened tank until biologists, who conduct daily checks, release them. It proved a good day to look for lamprey. The storms last week apparently stirred up a whole bunch of juveniles, who normally spend their days sucking up algae off the creek bottom. This day, they found themselves in a white bucket, where the roughly 180 wormlike fish could only suck on its lifeless plastic sides as the biologists watched. No one knows how many will reach adulthood. In a few years, those that aren’t gobbled up by predators will head downstream to the ocean, where they’ll prey on salmon and even whales before returning inland to spawn and die like their more renowned neighbors, the chinook salmon. Populations vary greatly among the four species that conservationists want listed. At the Red Bluff diversion dam, more than 1,000 adult Pacific lamprey were routinely spotted in the late 1960s and ’70s. In 1972, the number skyrocketed to an abnormal 38,492. In 2002, the most recent year for which a figure was available, 53 adult lamprey were spotted at the dam. Jim Smith of the Red Bluff U.S. Fish and Wildlife office remembers a day when lamprey could be seen wriggling onto the sides of the dam, as they’re prone to do sometimes to take a breather from their journey upstream. “We don’t see that anymore,” Smith said. “We don’t know if that’s because the numbers have dropped. We don’t know enough about them to really say one way or the other.” Humans certainly have had a hand in the decline, conservationists say. Closer to the coast, the Eel River drew its name from the lamprey, which superficially resembles an eel but is not related. In the early 20th century, lamprey were electrocuted on that river to stop them from interfering with power generation. Also, hundreds of thousands have been commercially harvested for vitamin oil, fish meal and protein food for livestock. Dams: These block passage upstream. The construction of Trinity Dam cut off one lamprey population from the ocean, and the landlocked fish still swim today in Trinity Lake. Although they feast on salmon, salmon also feast on them. What’s more, lamprey make a fine meal for a hungry sea lion that otherwise might snatch a valued kingfish in its jaws. Oil from lamprey was used by Indians as an anticoagulant. Lamprey carcasses have served as subjects in anatomy classes, and scientists once took the brain of a different lamprey species and put it into a robot, demonstrating that the machine would move toward light. American Indians still harvest lamprey, casting nets at the mouths of the Trinity and Klamath rivers. The meat is smoked and passed out to tribal people. The Wintu Indians once took lamprey from the Sacramento River just below where Keswick Dam stands today. But lower water flows and warmer temperatures cause today’s lamprey to burn off more fat and lose nutritional value on their journey upstream, said Bob Burns of Redding, a member of the Wintu Education and Cultural Council. “If you ate them once, you’d always want some around,” said Burns. “But we just don’t get the quality and the quantity of them that we used to. It’s too bad.” The Fish and Wildlife Service says the lamprey’s not-so cheery disposition and odd behavior—its name is Latin for “rock sucker”—have nothing to do with its lack of protection to this point. “We’re working on some species that would appear very insignificant, just as diligently as we’re working on the headline species,” said Al Donner, a spokesman at the service’s Sacramento office. The real problem, he said, is a “huge backlog” of work that has created a 10-year delay in putting new species on the endangered or threatened list. However, Greacen, the conservationist, says the wildlife service is under pressure not to list any more species. Back on the banks of Clear Creek, Will, the biologist, scanned papers inside an inch-thick white binder for facts about the lamprey slithering around inside the bucket. On the other hand, if you were to take everything that’s been written about salmon, “You’d have enough to fill a truck,” said Will’s partner, McCormack. But that imbalance may be changing—slowly but surely, like the lamprey’s wriggling journey hundreds of miles up the swift Sacramento. The lamprey’s roots go back 500 million years, and it’s is one of the few fish remaining today that has no true jaw—or bones. Some facts: Lamprey are born in freshwater streams. The larvae live in burrows in the silt, feeding mostly on algae for four to six years. After developing eyes, some lamprey species migrate to the ocean where they live up to three years feeding on the blood and body fluids of fish and even whales. They return to fresh water, relying on body fat during the long journey upstream. Then they spawn and die. Lamprey are a source of food for birds, fish and marine mammals, such as seals and sea lions. They also have been harvested by humans, including American Indians. Citing dams and other obstacles to lamprey survival, conservationists have asked the federal government to protect four species that swim in West Coast waterways: Pacific lamprey, river lamprey, western brook lamprey and Kern brook lamprey. Pacific is the most common, though river and western brook also are found in the north state. A decision by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service on whether to conduct a yearlong study of lamprey could come later this month. Enjoy late summer and early fall produce along with some cooler temperatures. Come enjoy live music apple cider and meet the folks that produce your food. We welcome a new vendor to the market this week- Josh, Tony and Heather with Alaska Wild Salmon.

You cannot know your Lord by making yourself nothing. Many a wise man claims that in order to know one’s Lord one must denude oneself of the signs of one’s existence, efface one’s identity, finally rid oneself of one’s self. This is a mistake. How could a thing that does not exist try to get rid of its existence? For none of matter exists. How could a thing that is not, become nothing? A thing can only become nothing after it has been something. Therefore, if you know yourself without being, not trying to become nothing, you will know your Lord. If you think that to know Allah depends on your ridding yourself of yourself, then you are guilty of attributing partners to Him – the only unforgivable sin because you are claiming that there is another existence besides Him, the All-Existent: that there is you and a He. Our Master, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon Him), said: He who knows himself knows his Lord. The answer to this question is: Allah Most high exists and none other exists with Him. He is now as He has always been. If one sees oneself as other than the only existence which is Him, or if one does not see oneself as a part of Him, then the answer came from the Messenger of Allah when he said, “He who knows himself, knows his Lord.” He did not mean by ‘self’ one’s ego – that self which favors the pleasures of the flesh and its lowly desires and which tries to command all of one; nor did he mean the self that first deceives – making one believe that the dirt and the ugliness is proper, then flagellates itself for the wrong it has done and forgets and does it again; nor did he mean the self-satisfied self. He meant one’s truth, one’s reality. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed and said: O my Lord, show me the reality of things. What he meant by ‘things’ was those things that appear to be other than Allah. He meant, “Teach me those things other than You. What is all this around me? Let me know. These things – are they You, or are they other than You? Did they exist before or did they come to be? Are they here forever or are they going to pass away?” And Allah showed him that the ‘things’ had no being and He showed ‘them’ to be Him, and it was seen that all appeared as other than Allah was His being. He was shown things without a name, without time, without quality, as the essence of Allah. About: 'The One Alone' is an esoteric essay on transcendental unity by celebrated twelfth-century Spanish mystic Ibn Arabi who is considered by many the greatest master of Sufism, may God hallow his station. The essay is published as part of the book, Divine Governance of the Human Kingdom from FonsVitae. Wrapped in ultimate paradox, the doorway of enlightenment and marifa (Divine Gnosis) is summarized in its totality in the opening verse of a short illuminated chapter in the Final Testament by this: # Further: Click here to read an excerpts from "The One Alone," a famous treatise by 13th-century Sufi master Muhyiddin Ibn 'Arabi. The whole essay is only 20 pages, and is a marvel of precision and intensity. Some call it as Islam's "Tao Te Ching". Every day, every hour, every moment the light of Love illuminates and expands the way our heart sees, feels, and connects with the Presence of the Divine within all hearts, within all life, guiding and revealing the way we are seen and known by a creative Presence that is so beyond our comprehension, every description we ever form will dissolve and change as we share the words. Any claim to stand apart from this creation process is laughable and impossible, for we are created, sustained by, and contained within this indefinable unlimitedness that dissolves theories as fast as the greatest minds can invent them. There is no power, no evil, no darkness that could stand against what cannot ever be imagined or contained or fixed, as everything created changes as we behold even a microscopic particle manifested by such beingness. The ever unfolding miracle is how pure love flows and appears in this confusion as a gentle breathing and compassionate nearness emanating from the heart waves of our longing for love, which creates a being out of our own wholeness manifesting a spiritual likeness as an answer to our prayerful longing. What can be created once can be multiplied to infinity, and a desire to live many lives can be granted in the blink of an eye. To be mercifully contained within a closed loop, where we sustain the illusion that everything stays the same is an equally possible and numbing choice. Random thoughts throw us into changing realities without pattern or goal and leave us spinning in unknown dimensions of a randomly created existence, and like Alice in Wonderland, we wander aimlessly in the moving clouds of an errant dream. Mind alone says God is a network of membranes, imagining we live in elongated bubbles that separate and create worlds beyond where our miniature minds can go. Is God playing with us as He unravels everything we ever believed or made? Only one reality guides us into the arms of a Beloved that becomes our home beyond the morphing mania of our minds. It is surrendering to divine Love to grant our heart's deepest desire. All else is vanity and delusion luring us away from the destiny for which we were created, to love and be loved in a blissful stream of unfolding wonder, holding the hand of a Beloved Friend that reveals the unending, ever changing miracle of life evolving in the light of love. "You will not enter the Garden of Divine Presence until you have faith and you will not have faith until you love one another." - Sacred Tradition of Islam (Muslim) "When a man asked the prophet, may God's peace and blessings be upon him, "O Messenger of God, when will the Day of Judgment be?", the Prophet asked him back, "What have you prepared for it?" he said, "I have not prepared for it a great deal of prayer, fasting nor charity, but I love God and His Messenger intensely," the Prophet said, "You will be with the ones whom you love." - Narrated by Bukhari "Where are those who love each other for the sake of My glory? Today I will shelter them with My shade, as there is no shade today except My shade" - God Almighty speaks on the Day of Final Awakening (narrated by Muslim)

Loved the audio Fintan...I have learned more from my children than I could have ever imagined. Their genuine curiousity is there greatest gift they have taught me. With Christianity being the most familiar religion; I can't help but recall all the talk of Children in the bible. Matthew 18:3, “Truly, I say to you, unless you turn and become like children, you will never enter the kingdom of heaven.” YesYes on the pretending...that is a brilliant observation of truth that "we adults" are oblivious to while the children naturally recognize that earthbound reality is more of a staged reality and is more a dream in slow motion. If the (lyin') eyes are the mirror of the soul, then your words are the expression of your spirit. Thus, pretending has to do with pretension and that would be in the sense of what comes before the voltage is applied. Children, having yet to fully develop the egoic and mental subtle bodies, are really in touch with the emotional (memorial) aspects of existence. Thus, they are in the present moment, absorbing every passing instant. Only adults find it necessary to compare and refer to every past moment, both recollected as well as re-cognized. I have an 8 year old daughter whose Grandmother is a devout catholic and while the morals that she has developed from her influence are great, I am not really comfortable about her belief in a floaty party in the sky. The whole idea of pretending is a great way to get her thinking outside that box. As I explained to my young kids a few decades ago......your presence is like your life at school. Much to learn and experience. If you understand and can make sense of the lessons, you graduate and go to the next level. If not, you have to repeat a grade is all. The key is to realize your ability to act and interact. Once you have allowed yourself to be, without artifice or subterfuge, you will make the necessary moves to ensure your well-being. It is all part of a process. "There is only one admirable form of the imagination: the imagination that is so intense that it creates a new reality, that it makes things happen." - Sean O'Faolain Hi my puppy is 10 weeks old. I received her when she was 8 weeks. She was very playful and it seems 2 days now she is sleeping more and looks very sleepy all the time. Her eyes cose even in the day time. I am very worried. When she wakes she is always putting her head up. I don't know what to do. she could have parvo parvo is deadly for puppies get her tooken to the vet aimidetly one of my 12 dogs had parvo and it could get infected to other dogs so we kept her in 1 of our bathrooms and we had to give her gator rad to kep her higerated beacuse they dont eat their food and when they do they thourg it back up and the reson y they are tired is beacause they dont eat and have no energy research parvo on the internet and we feed her cooked chicken breast meat but i dont know it u should and like every 5 or10 minutes flush her out with garter aid to keep her higareted TAKE HER TO THE VET ASAP ITS VERY DEADLY AND KEEP CHILDEREN AND OTHER PETS AWAY FROM HER GATER RAID WASRECAMENED FROM THE VET SO IITS OKAY If your puppy is also having different eating habits that could be a sign of parvo and should be taken to the vet. I adopted my morkie when he was 8 wks. old only...he does sleep a lot. The puppies are like infant that sleeps a lot and I think that's normal. My morkie is now 4 months and he's energetic but get tired after wards, that's because he's small dog ....they get tired very easily but after he's all restful and got something to eat he's back in being playful again. This may sound dramatic – but if you take the time to contemplate how you truly feel about an area of your life that you care deeply about – and want to manifest great things in – ask yourself: If the answer is yes, read on. If the answer is no, congratulations! You have a gift for realizing that worth does not need to be earned or worked hard for – it simply IS. Okay, for those of us who were brought up on the concept that hard work, long hours, and proving yourself – were mantras to be lived by, consider these Truths: Take some time to witness nature and ask yourself, does nature need to prove itself in order to receive? Do the birds have to beg and fly around to get access to the natural food they eat? Nope. Animals and nature KNOW what they are part of, and don’t have an inner critic yelling telling them to earn and prove before they can have. They allow themselves to receive because they know they’re part of the natural order – and so are we. It’s very simple. Speaking of simple, simplicity is sold. What I mean by this is – when you simplify your life you allow yourself to become magnetic. Consider the word simple – what comes up inside you when you hear this word? Do you cringe? It’s normal if you do because it’s in close correlation with feeling you need to earn your worth vs. claim it. Yet, taking nature into consideration again – nature is very simple. It’s most definitely complex and can be destructive and disruptive – however, nature just IS. We accept it. We can’t fight it – we don’t control it. The same is true for how you ALLOW your manifestations to come into form. You allow yourself to have the desire – and then you allow nature to take it’s course and come to you vs. feeling like you need to go out and get. Speaking of receiving and allowing, consider yourself to be a magnet to all that comes to you. The concept of earning and fighting for what you want is unnecessary energy that doesn’t need to be there. Allowing what you want to come to you – well that’s energy well spent. Some may view this as a “lazy” approach – or passive – but this approach is the farthest thing from passive. Allowing and focusing is magnetic and as I said above, being simple is solid – it grounds you. Imagine being able to dream up something you desire to happen, then, you let go of it and give it over to the Universe to bring to you when you’re ready for it. You do this all the time with things you don’t care that much about – but with the things you really do care about, well thats a different story. In my view, the Claim Your Worth! journey is all about giving yourself permission. Permission to BE. Permission to Love. Permission to Live. Permission to experience Joy. GIVE yourself the GIFT of allowing – and for the next 30 days take an area of your life where you’ve felt really attached to an outcome, and read the Truths above, and apply them – watch what happens! New reports are revealing that the number of months’ inventory of existing homes available for sale is increasing. Some of these sellers are moving up, some are downsizing and others are making a lateral move. 3 dollars and 27 cents. Was it worth waiting a year to move up to the home of your dreams? Only you can answer that question. If your family plans on moving up in the next twelve months, it may make sense to move now rather than later. Prices are definitely still appreciating and, unlike the last year, interest rates are also projected to increase. Give us a call, text or email and let us help you make the move up!

I grew up eating fresh corn on the cob with butter and melons in the form of thick, cold slices piled on a platter—that was the only way they were served. Period. And I still never get sick of either one. As the years go by, though, these garden staples keep surprising me with their versatility: succotash, a handful of fresh corn in cornbread, corn and black bean salad. Those made sense and comfortably increased my repertoire of summertime standards. I found melon in dressed compotes—a little citrus juice, honey, cinnamon, or champagne or white wine—and that new discovery quickly became old-hat. But, corn in puddings, pancakes and soufflés; salads with grilled or roasted corn; melon with hot peppers and savory vinaigrettes … This small-town Midwestern girl could never have imagined those! I’m so grateful to have learned, over the years, about how other cooks across the nation—indeed, around the world—use these two fantastic gifts from the garden. It seems to me that maybe this wider knowledge and the delight it brings are what make getting older worthwhile. I don’t have the energy of my 10-year-old self anymore, but I know a lot more than she ever did—including more than one delicious way to eat corn and watermelon. This rich, Southern classic bridges the transition from summer to fall, working equally well as an accompaniment to grilled meats and cold salads on a picnic as it does a side-dish to roast chicken or turkey at an autumn-harvest dinner. Preheat oven to 350 degrees F. Chop corn kernels very coarsely (do not puree; texture should be rough) and set aside. Stir together flour, sugar, salt and pepper in a small bowl. In a heavy-bottomed saucepan over medium heat, melt butter. Add flour mixture and stir well. Add hot pepper sauce, milk, eggs and baking powder, and stir until well-combined. Stir in corn. Pour mixture into buttered 2-quart casserole dish. Bake for 45 minutes or until the top is golden brown and the center is set. Serves 6 to 8. To get the maximum flavor and texture out of this dish, use fresh, young corn (ears should have moist, green silks, and the kernels should be pale—not golden—yellow). Keep a close eye on the vegetables to avoid overcooking them. In a large skillet over medium-high heat, heat olive oil. Add onion, peppers and garlic, and sauté just until the onion starts to soften. Add wine or broth, heat through, and add spinach. Continue sautéing until leaves wilt. Add corn, reduce heat to medium, cover, and let cook for three to four minutes or just until corn becomes tender. Remove from heat, and season with salt and pepper to taste. Garnish with slivers of fresh basil. Serves 6 to 8. Preheat oven to 425 degrees F. Drizzle peanut oil over the corn kernels, and stir to coat. Spread corn evenly in a single layer on a heavy, rimmed baking sheet or baking dish. Stirring two or three times, roast corn until kernels are browned and tender. Remove from oven and let cool to room temperature. You can chill the salad to serve it later, but take it out of the refrigerator and let it sit at room temperature for 30 minutes before serving. Serves 4. Puree cantaloupe in blender or food processor. Pour into a large bowl, and add orange juice, wine, lime juice, cinnamon and nutmeg; mix well. Stir in yogurt. Since melons can differ widely in sweetness, taste to adjust the seasonings. If it’s too tart, add 2 tablespoons of honey; if too sweet, add more lime juice. Refrigerate several hours before serving. Garnish individual servings with a few berries and mint leaves. Serves 6. In a small saucepan, combine water, honey, lemon juice, ginger, cinnamon stick and whole cloves. Stir to combine. Bring to a gentle boil over medium-high heat; immediately reduce heat to low and simmer, uncovered, for five to seven minutes, until spices permeate syrup. Remove from heat and let cool to room temperature. Strain to remove ginger and spices. Reserving 3 tablespoons of syrup, pour the rest over the melon, stir gently to coat, and refrigerate for one hour or more. To serve, spoon melon and the reserved syrup into individual, chilled bowls. Garnish with fresh coconut. Serves 4 to 6. Serve this hot-cool salsa with tortilla chips and to accompany grilled chicken, pork or fish. Or, double the quantities, cut the watermelon and cucumber into larger chunks, and serve it as a salad. Place diced watermelon and cucumber in a colander. Cover with a plate or cloth and let drain for one hour at room temperature. Combine drained watermelon and cucumber with remaining ingredients and stir well to combine. Chill two or more hours before serving. Makes about 3 cups.

By using our applications and services (collectively, the “Seattle Yellow Cab platform”) in any manner, you (the “user” or “you”) agree to be bound by this Agreement. Puget Sound Dispatch, LLC company reserves the right to modify the terms and conditions of this Agreement or its policies relating to the Puget Sound Dispatch, LLC at any time, effective upon posting of an updated version of this Agreement on the Seattle Yellow Cab website. You are responsible for regularly reviewing this Agreement. Continued use of the Seattle Yellow Cab platform after any such changes shall constitute your consent to such changes. The Seattle Yellow Cab app is not available to or authorized for use by any users previously removed by Seattle Yellow Cab any users or persons acting on behalf of an organization or entity and not in his or her personal or individual capacity, or any users accessing the Seattle Yellow Cab Platform for any purpose other than to seek to participate in an actual ride for personal purposes, unless specifically authorized by Seattle Yellow Cab (collectively “Unauthorized Users”). Unauthorized Users are strictly prohibited from accessing or attempting to access, directly or indirectly, the Seattle Yellow Cab Platform. Seattle Yellow Cab reserves the right to refuse service orders from customers that show a pattern of not being present at the pickup address. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, you are hereby granted a non-exclusive, limited, non-transferable, freely revocable license to use the Seattle Yellow Cab Platform for personal, noncommercial use only. 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You may not: (i) modify, disassemble, decompile or reverse engineer the Mobile Software, except to the extent that such restriction is expressly prohibited by law; (ii) rent, lease, loan, resell, sublicense, distribute or otherwise transfer the Mobile Software to any third party or use the Mobile Software to provide time sharing or similar services for any third party; (iii) make any copies of the Mobile Software; (iv) remove, circumvent, disable, damage or otherwise interfere with security-related features of the Mobile Software, features that prevent or restrict use or copying of any content accessible through the Mobile Software, or features that enforce limitations on use of the Mobile Software; or (v) delete the copyright and other proprietary rights notices on the Mobile Software. You acknowledge that Seattle Yellow Cab may from time to time issue upgraded versions of the Mobile Software, and may require you upgrade the version of the Mobile Software that you are using on your mobile device. You agree that the terms and conditions of this Agreement will apply to all such upgrades. Any third-party code that may be incorporated in the Mobile Software is covered by the applicable open source or third-party license, or End User License Agreement, if any, authorizing use of such code. The foregoing license grant is not a sale of the Mobile Software or any copy thereof, and Seattle Yellow Cab or its third party partners or suppliers retain all right, title, and interest in the Mobile Software (and any copy thereof). Any attempt by you to transfer any of the rights, duties or obligations hereunder, except as expressly provided for in this Agreement, is void. Seattle Yellow Cab reserves all rights not expressly granted under this Agreement. In addition to all other representations and warranties made by Users under this Agreement, Users represent and warrant to Seattle Yellow Cab that it has provided the Seattle Yellow Cab with accurate and complete identity information. Passenger agrees to conform his or her conduct to the policies set forth in Seattle Yellow Cab terms of service. MOBILE SOFTWARE FROM ITUNES The following applies to any Mobile Software you acquire from the iTunes Store (“iTunes-Sourced Software”): You acknowledge and agree that this Agreement is solely between you and Seattle Yellow Cab, not Apple, and that Apple has no responsibility for the iTunes-Sourced Software or content thereof. Your use of the iTunes-Sourced Software must comply with the App Store Terms of Service. You acknowledge that Apple has no obligation whatsoever to furnish any maintenance and support services with respect to the iTunes-Sourced Software. In the event of any failure of the iTunes-Sourced Software to conform to any applicable warranty, you may notify Apple, and Apple will refund the purchase price for the iTunes-Sourced Software to you; to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, Apple will have no other warranty obligation whatsoever with respect to the iTunes-Sourced Software, and any other claims, losses, liabilities, damages, costs or expenses attributable to any failure to conform to any warranty will be solely governed by this Agreement and any law applicable to Seattle Yellow Cab as provider of the software. 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You acknowledge that, in the event of any third party claim that the iTunes-Sourced Software or your possession and use of that iTunes-Sourced Software infringes that third party’s intellectual property rights, Seattle Yellow Cab, not Apple, will be solely responsible for the investigation, defense, settlement and discharge of any such intellectual property infringement claim to the extent required by this Agreement. You and Seattle Yellow Cab acknowledge and agree that Apple, and Apple’s subsidiaries, are third party beneficiaries of this Agreement as relates to your license of the iTunes-Sourced Software, and that, upon your acceptance of the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Apple will have the right (and will be deemed to have accepted the right) to enforce this Agreement as relates to your license of the iTunes-Sourced Software against you as a third party beneficiary thereof We care about the privacy of our Users. You understand that by using the Services you consent to the collection, use and disclosure of your personally identifiable information and aggregate data, and to have your personally identifiable information collected, used, transferred to and processed in the United States. Use of Google Services: Seattle Yellow Cab technology incorporates certain software provided by Google and Apple (namely, the Maps API). In agreeing to these Terms, all Users also agree to Google’s and Apple’s Terms of Use. Seattle Yellow Cab cares about the integrity and security of your personal information. However, we cannot guarantee that unauthorized third parties will never be able to defeat our security measures or use your personal information for improper purposes. You acknowledge that you provide your personal information at your own risk. Seattle Yellow Cab may from time to time contact the user via email, text or telephone for general purposes or specifically with promotional messages. Seattle Yellow Cab will not sell your personal information to another company. You agree to defend, indemnify and hold harmless Seattle Yellow Cab and its subsidiaries, agents, licensors, managers, and other affiliated companies, and their employees, contractors, agents, officers and directors, from and against any and all claims, damages, obligations, losses, liabilities, costs or debt, and expenses (including but not limited to attorney’s fees) arising from: (i) your use of and access to the Seattle Yellow Cab Platform, including any data or content transmitted or received by you; (ii) your violation of any term of this Agreement, including without limitation your breach of any of the representations and warranties above; (iii) your violation of any third-party right, including without limitation any right of privacy or intellectual property rights; (iv) your violation of any applicable law, rule or regulation; (v) any claim or damages that arise as a result of any of your User Content or any that is submitted via your account; (vi) any other party’s access and use of the Service with your account; Governing Law. 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For any dispute with Seattle Yellow Cab you agree to first contact us at [email protected] and attempt to resolve the dispute with us informally. In the event that you and Seattle Yellow Cab are not able to resolve the dispute informally, we each agree to resolve any claim, dispute, or controversy (excluding any claims by Seattle Yellow Cab for injunctive or other equitable relief) arising out of or in connection with or relating to this Agreement, or the breach or alleged breach thereof (collectively, “Claims”), by binding arbitration by the American Arbitration Association (“AAA”) under the Commercial Arbitration Rules and Supplementary Procedures for Consumer Related Disputes then in effect for the AAA, except as provided herein. The arbitration will be conducted in San Francisco County, California, unless you and Seattle Yellow Cab agree otherwise. Each party will be responsible for paying any AAA filing, administrative and arbitrator fees in accordance with AAA rules. The award rendered by the arbitrator shall include costs of arbitration, reasonable attorneys’ fees and reasonable costs for expert and other witnesses, and any judgment on the award rendered by the arbitrator may be entered in any court of competent jurisdiction. Nothing in this Section shall prevent either party from seeking injunctive or other equitable relief from the courts as necessary to prevent the actual or threatened infringement, misappropriation, or violation of that party’s data security, intellectual property rights, or other proprietary rights. ALL CLAIMS MUST BE BROUGHT IN THE PARTIES’ INDIVIDUAL CAPACITY, AND NOT AS A PLAINTIFF OR CLASS MEMBER IN ANY PURPORTED CLASS OR REPRESENTATIVE PROCEEDING, AND, UNLESS WE AGREE OTHERWISE, THE ARBITRATOR MAY NOT CONSOLIDATE MORE THAN ONE PERSON’S CLAIMS. YOU AGREE THAT, BY ENTERING INTO THIS AGREEMENT, YOU AND SEATTLE YELLOW CAB ARE EACH WAIVING THE RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY OR TO PARTICIPATE IN A CLASS ACTION. This Agreement, and any rights and licenses granted hereunder, may not be transferred or assigned by you, but may be assigned by Seattle Yellow Cab without restriction. Any attempted transfer or assignment in violation hereof shall be null and void. Seattle Yellow Cab may provide notifications, whether such notifications are required by law or are for marketing or other business related purposes, to you via email notice, written or hard copy notice, “push” mobile notification including but not limited to SMS text messages, as determined Seattle Yellow Cab in our sole discretion. Seattle Yellow Cab reserves the right to determine the form and means of providing notifications to our Users, provided that you may opt out of certain means of notification as described in this Agreement. Seattle Yellow Cab is not responsible for any automatic filtering you or your network provider may apply to email notifications we send to the email address you provide us. When we change the Agreement in a material manner, your continued use of the Service after any such change constitutes your acceptance of the new Terms of Use. If you do not agree to any of these terms or any future Terms of Use, do not use or access (or continue to access) the Service. This Agreement, together with any amendments and any additional agreements you may enter into with Seattle Yellow Cab in connection with the Service, shall constitute the entire agreement between you and Seattle Yellow Cab concerning the Service. If a court of competent jurisdiction deems any provision of this Agreement invalid, the invalidity of such provision shall not affect the validity of the remaining provisions of this Agreement, which shall remain in full force and effect. No waiver of any term of this Agreement shall be deemed a further or continuing waiver of such term or any other term, and Seattle Yellow Cab failure to assert any right or provision under this Agreement shall not constitute a waiver of such right or provision. The Girl of My Best Friend Charlie Blackwell with The Big Sound of Don Ralke Sam Bobrick, Beverly Ross Covered by (32 artists) Active Employed Retired-choose amount below TC Nursing student Life Member-check this box only if you are currently a life member Please type in the degree(s) you earned at TC and the year degree conferred. MA; MEd; EdD; TC Bachelors; TC student and expected date of graduation Sometimes getting your document shredded on an annually or even periodically basis is not enough. Secure Document Solutions provides flexible scheduled shredding that focuses on bringing security, convenience, and peace of mind to you and your business. Businesses in the medical, financial, and legal field accumulate paperwork and records quickly. Without a plan keep your file system organized and up-to-date, out-dated documents can overwhelm your company. Some documents are even illegal to keep past a set amount of time. You can use conventional shredders to alleviate this, however many of them are very slow and do not shred documents thoroughly enough. This means that you invested a large amount of time into destroying documents that can still be reconstructed. This could lead to several unwanted consequences including identity theft, revealing trade secrets, competitors gaining an advantage, and even failure to comply with Federal Trade Commission regulations and standards. Secure Document Solutions comes with a reputation built on trust and convenience, serving hundreds of Chicago businesses and individuals. Our scheduled shredding service is no different. We can accommodate any kind of schedule or process that you have. If you need documents shredded weekly or on sporadic intervals, we make every effort to make sure your documents are destroyed on time and in a secure fashion. Your company will be provided with a bin (or several bins) that vary in size. These bins are just as secure and safe as our vehicles and warehouses. We then pick up the bin whenever you are ready or on your scheduled pick up time. At our warehouse, your documents are destroyed completely with no chance of reconstruction. Not only are our shredders that good, but our employees go through rigorous background checks to ensure that only the most trusted individuals handle your documents. Once you've identified records that need to be shredded, we do all the rest. We offer lock-and-key bins for you to collect documents for shredding. We pick up the bins and follow up with a Certificate of Destruction for your records. Secure Document Solutions in New Lenox, scheduled shredding, document shredding

…projects that make the world cleaner and safer. We are looking for a Compensation Manager to join our NS&E team at the Reston, VA location. This is an excellent ... enjoys challenges in a growing business environment. Position Overall: The Compensation Manager will be responsible for the overall compensation program and planning… more …able to assist with Business Development requirements. Specifically, assisting with proposal color team reviews when needed. Company Description To prepare RiVidium ... for the future, RiVidium has balanced all parts of its organization to attract the finest employees in order to ”Strive to be the missing element defining tomorrow’s technology for our clients.” With a leaner organization, less overhead, reformed Lines of… more …managers through the offer management process. Build the offer with the Hiring Manager , ensure it maintains internal equity and is compliant with compensation and ... of function and give consolidated data and recommendations to CBS Talent Manager . Identify critical succession roles and partner with functional leadership on action… more …@BWXTech and learn more at www.bwxt.com . BWXT is hiring a Human Resources Program Manager for our Lynchburg, VA location! The HR Program Manager will enhance ... conduct training classes. Ability to contribute functional expertise to business proposal initiatives. Ability to develop and lead large-sized projects, including… more …with hiring manager Coordinate interviews with interviewers Partner with hiring manager on the decision process Prepare salary proposal and offer letter ... answer for natural well-being. POSITION SUMMARY: The Talent Acquisition & Development Manager drive and execute the North America Talent Acquisition, development and… more …to be appreciated? Criterion Systems' rapid growth has created the need for a Proposal & Capture Recruiter based at our Vienna, VA headquarters. In this role you ... will support the Business Development/Solutions Manager in recruiting the existing community of personnel who...support the program. Through research, outreach, and analysis, the Proposal & Capture Recruiter assists the Capture Team make… more RECRUITMENT MANAGER - -TYSONS, VA Location:Tysons, VA Req. Number:3514 Description Job Description - Recruiting Manager The Recruiting Manager is responsible ... clients with mission critical requirements.. This position is a "working manager " and requires significant hands-on recruitment while supervising the efforts of… more **Vertex Aerospace LLC \- Manager of Compensation, HR \- Madison, MS** **Description** Vertex Aerospace is no longer a subsidiary, affiliate or partner of L3 ... since moving its headquarters to Madison, MS in 1989\. The Compensation Manager is responsible for managing the development, implementation, and administration of… more …projects that make the world cleaner and safer. We are looking for a Compensation Manager to join our NS&E team at the Reston, VA location. This is an excellent ... challenges in a growing business environment. # Position Overall: The Compensation Manager will be responsible for the overall compensation program and planning for… more …more at www.bwxt.com at http://www.bwxt.com/ . **BWXT is hiring a Human Resources Program Manager for our Lynchburg, VA location!** The HR Program Manager will ... training classes. + Ability to contribute functional expertise to business proposal initiatives. + Ability to develop and lead large-sized projects, including… more Overview Together with the VP of Global Sales HR, this Project Manager will be a critical position linking our people & talent strategies with business success. This ... alternative solutions and influence decisions when there is misalignment between what the project proposal is and what it is trying to solve for + Oversee HR budget… more …leaders on recruiting activity and potential challenges. + Update the recruiting manager and TMR president on progress through weekly status reports and regular ... conference calls. + Support business development on proposal recruiting efforts. + Attend regular proposal ...on proposal recruiting efforts. + Attend regular proposal meetings and actively contribute to proposal … more …a wide range of technologies. We are seeking a highly motivated Federal Staffing Manager to join our Bethesda-based firm and help us manage and recruit resources for ... guidance on which skills/ people to place on a proposal and working with vendors and recruiters to source...experience with at least 3 years of experience managing proposal efforts in the Federal space. + Proven ability… more …recruitment procedures, developing tools and resources for staff, and assisting with Hiring Manager training designed to enhance capacity. This role will serve as a ... for critical skills. It will also work closely with the Human Resources Manager on job classification, workforce planning and strategic onboarding. The position will… more …business to interview for the recruiting assignment, providing a rationale to the hiring manager + Lead the job offer proposal process, in partnership with the ... **A\. Relationship Management** + Develop effective relationships with the hiring manager and business leaders for the defined portfolio to establish credibility… more …and HR & Safety administrative support. Recruiting & Staffing + Assists HR Manager with planning to ensure proper non-exempt staffing levels within the production ... as personnel, safety, training, legal, and medical files. + Assists HR Manager with completion, tracking, and reporting of employee attendance policy, including… more …support our strategic business priorities. **Work you ll do** The CTS Resource Manager is responsible for delivering ongoing resource management support to one or ... standard in customer experience, operational efficiency, and process excellence. The Resource Manager is aligned to the business by FSS and manages deployment for… more

Plascon Plastics Corporation ("Plascon Plastics") operates PlasconPlastics.com and may operate other websites. It is Plascon Plastics's policy to respect your privacy regarding any information we may collect while operating our websites. Like most website operators, Plascon Plastics collects non-personally-identifying information of the sort that web browsers and servers typically make available, such as the browser type, language preference, referring site, and the date and time of each visitor request. Plascon Plastics's purpose in collecting non-personally identifying information is to better understand how Plascon Plastics's visitors use its website. From time to time, Plascon Plastics may release non-personally-identifying information in the aggregate, e.g., by publishing a report on trends in the usage of its website. Plascon Plastics also collects potentially personally-identifying information like Internet Protocol (IP) addresses for logged in users and for users leaving comments on PlasconPlastics.com blogs/sites. Plascon Plastics only discloses logged in user and commenter IP addresses under the same circumstances that it uses and discloses personally-identifying information as described below, except that commenter IP addresses and email addresses are visible and disclosed to the administrators of the blog/site where the comment was left. Certain visitors to Plascon Plastics's websites choose to interact with Plascon Plastics in ways that require Plascon Plastics to gather personally-identifying information. The amount and type of information that Plascon Plastics gathers depends on the nature of the interaction. For example, we ask visitors who sign up at PlasconPlastics.com to provide a username and email address. Those who engage in transactions with Plascon Plastics are asked to provide additional information, including as necessary the personal and financial information required to process those transactions. In each case, Plascon Plastics collects such information only insofar as is necessary or appropriate to fulfill the purpose of the visitor's interaction with Plascon Plastics. Plascon Plastics does not disclose personally-identifying information other than as described below. And visitors can always refuse to supply personally-identifying information, with the caveat that it may prevent them from engaging in certain website-related activities. Plascon Plastics may collect statistics about the behavior of visitors to its websites. Plascon Plastics may display this information publicly or provide it to others. However, Plascon Plastics does not disclose personally-identifying information other than as described below. 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Plasma Innovations offers a large range of DDM consumables which we have developed in close cooperation with our partners specifically for the DDM process. For all manufacturers of LED and MID components, Plasma Innovations provides optimum production conditions for series components meeting all ISO standards. The LED and MID modules are produced on our DDM systems in accordance with stringent quality standards.

★ If you have a class you want to take but it’s not listed you can email us at [email protected] and we’ll see what we can do!★ Even if a class has started, there is a high possibility you can still enroll in them! Drama, watercolour, ballroom dancing, etc, all allow for late enrollment. A watercolourist for the past thirty years, Greg has refined his style of watercolour to the point that his muted shades of colour begin to blend together, forming interesting negative and positive shapes. Registration Form – After paying, please print and submit the completed form by email or drop it off at the gallery. Taught by Stephen Snider who has been a freelance illustrator for 36 years. He has produced for private and corporate clients portraits, landscapes and cityscapes. He has been teaching for 15 years. Create a beautiful work of art for your self. Previous drawing or sketching experience not needed for this class. Registration Form – After paying, please print and submit the completed form by email or drop it off at the gallery. [email protected] You will explore the versatile and fascinating world of acrylics with hyper-realist painter Ian Bodnaryk. Experiment with techniques and principles working primarily from your own photographs. At the end of this session Ian’s class will switch to possibly Friday’s or to a Saturday as a workshop. Working alongside hyper-realist painter Ian Bodnaryk, you will explore the versatile and exciting world of acrylics. Experiment with painting techniques and principles, including basic colour and composition theory, working primarily from your own photographs and other simple source imagery. *Some materials required.Your instructor has requested that you email him at [email protected] with a jpeg of the image you would like to paint prior to the first class so that he can help you determine if it will be attainable in the time given or not. A simple subject such as fruit, flower, toy, leaf, rock, etc. caught in dramatic way would be ideal. This image could either be an original photo or one taken from creative commons on flickr: www.flickr.com/creativecommons Pre-approval of your image(s) will allow you to begin painting during the first class. If you have difficulty generating ideas, he would also be happy to discuss this with you.*Due to time constraints, portraits, full landscape scenes, and/or wildlife are not realistic expectations for this course. For your first class, please bring:· your pre-approved image/photo (simple still life or landscape element)· at least 1 stretched canvas to start: Artist grade (Fred’s Pick or Premium) – size 5”x7” to 11”x14”· a table-top easel if you have one· brushes Ian recommends: Tuscany Gold (Curry’s Brand or generic equivalent) or Windsor & Newton Cotman watercolour # 0 round, 2 round, 5 round, generic taklon round (white bristle)· Ian will supply the basic acrylic paint colours required to help you get started for the first class. Ian will provide you with a suggested materials list at the first class, once he’s had a chance to discuss the options with you. These can be purchased at your local art supply story. Please Note: · This class is not considered a drawing class. all preparatory drawing should be done at home. Graphite transfer paper or the grid methods are acceptable options for image transfer. For the winter season, after the first session finishes we will have a second session of 8 weeks, each $50. After this second session finishes we will then have a production. Join us at A Gift of Art for a book club. We will be using the book bags that are made for this purpose from the Clarington Public Library, so you don’t need to worry about buying or bringing anything! First class will be a discussion about something you read this summer. First book will be handed out that day. November 6th from 5:30 – 7:30 pm is the date of the new Book Club launch, 25 new titles are being added. I was unable to have any of the other titles we had suggested to cover April and possibly June However it was suggested that we might like to choose one at the launch in November. *Date listed is the date the book is handed out, and will be under discussion at the following meeting. Registration Form – After paying, please print and fill out this form to be submitted on the first day of this class/workshop *If you’re interested but don’t have a partner, we can take your name down and see if we can find someone to match you up with. A fun interactive & exploratory workshop in which the students will learn the professional techniques of drawing and creating their own graphic novel. Registration Form – After paying, please print and fill out this form to be submitted on the first day of this class With a profoundly deaf brother, Catherine began signing at a very young age and this lead to becoming a certified ASL Interpreter. Introduction to sign language,giving you basic beginner knowledge which will include: finger spelling, numbers, family, basic daily universal activities. All of this will lead to simple dialogue which will begin to prepare you for the second session. Join Shawn as she teaches you all about photography! Remember to bring your own camera to class so you can learn how to use it! Max class size is 6 students. Bring your device along with you to the class. Registration Form – After paying, please print and fill out this form to be submitted on the first day of this class or can be emailed Ironically, health-conscious people are often the most likely to develop low iodine levels. One reason is that athletes and people engaged in heavy physical effort deplete their natural stores of this trace mineral through perspiration. Vegetarians also have a substantially greater likelihood of low levels of iodine than omnivorous individuals, since foods of plant origin are less rich in iodine than animal-derived foods. One study demonstrated iodine deficiency in 25% of vegetarians and an incredible 80% of vegans. In the 1930s most especially, the use of natural thyroid became widespread; and thyroxine was synthesised in the 1950s, and the use of iodine became a thing of the past. For the overactive thyroid, the natural Lugols iodine also fell out of favour, and instead neomercazole and propyl thiouracil became the drugs of choice, in spite of damaging side effects. And if these werent enough, the radioactive form of iodine, which collects in the thyroid and kills the cells off, and surgery became the favoured treatment. So, uses of iodine: It is an amazingly good antiseptic. It used to be used as a major, major antiseptic in hospitals. And it was actually, at least as good as, if not better, than Hibitane and Dettol. Its very, very good for sterilizing skin, for surgery, as well as in dressing wounds. The system needs iodine generally for the production of other hormones. Specifically, though, it is needed by the tissues of the breast and the ovary. More on that in a minute. Iodine is present throughout the body in just about every organ and tissue, needed by almost every bodily system to keep us alive and energized. For this reason, iodine deficiency poses many risks — an alarming thought considering that some sources suggest around 50 percent or more of the adult population in Western developed nations are iodine-deficient. One of the most widespread symptoms of iodine deficiency? Thyroid disorders. Thyroid function relies on proper levels of iodine, so too much (or too little) can cause many serious health problems. The thyroid is one of the body’s master glands responsible for balancing hormones, and thyroid disruption caused partially by a diet low in iodine-rich foods can create such negative reactions as fatigue, weight gain or loss, hormone imbalances, mood changes, and much more. We used to use a lot of iodized salt in this country. You can still buy it, but its become much, much less seen, and as a result, of course, there is an increasing amount of thyroid deficiency states because were not getting the salt that we actually need. Iodized salt is actually widely used throughout the world, and even a small amount of whats called Lugols Iodine, which is a mixture of iodine and potassium iodide, was found in the years before the war to reduce goitre and hypothyroidism quite remarkably, and that large amounts could be used to suppress over-activity, and was used to shrink the over-active goitre. Iodine is considered one of the body’s vital nutrients, responsible for regulating thyroid function, supporting a healthy metabolism, aiding in growth and development, and preventing certain chronic diseases like cancer. Unfortunately, many adults don’t consume enough iodine-rich foods and are deficient in iodine. Therefore, many suffer a range of negative health consequences as a result, known as iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). By the 1930s, the natural thyroid was becoming widespread in use, and then, as we know, Thyroxine was synthesized in the 1950s, and the use of iodine started to fade out. The use of Lugols Iodine, for the over-active thyroid, fell into disuse, and instead of using a simple, safe iodine preparation, now, if you have an over-active thyroid, as you know, you get NeoMercazole and Thiouracil, and if youre lacking and can run fast enough, thats enough to prevent having your thyroid taken out, or your thyroid nuked. It is used in butter flavoring, vanilla flavoring, chewing gum and candy, fruit waxes, and may not be vegetarian Sweets ---Look out for gelatine in boiled sweets and mints, and cochineal in boiled sweets and Smarties. Isinglass --NonVeg (Halal)-A fining agent derived from the swim bladders of certain tropical fish, especially the Chinese sturgeon. and have traces of Iodine so are also helpful, as are radishes, which contain Raphanin, a sulphur responsible for keeping the production of thyroxine and calcitonin (a peptide hormone) in normal balance. Another belief we have to counter is that iodine will cause hypothyroidism and goitre. As I said, there is this temporary lift in TSH when you have iodine, but the whole thing settles down within a day or two. And, thyroid enlargement disappears. Some people actually fear that iodine may produce extra thyroid hormones for a while before the level settles down, and it doesnt do this. In 1948 Wolff and Chaikoff concluded from rat experiments, that iodine would actually block manufacture of thyroid hormones. The truth of the matter was that a dose would do so; but for a day or so only. By then the damage was done and iodine became less and less used with the resultant increase in thyroid illness. Their papers had gone right through the medical fraternity and all the doctors started to believe that iodine was, in some way, not a good thing, and it became less and less used with resulted increase in thyroid illness. In those days, iodine was used in the manufacture of bread, and even that was stopped, and instead of using iodine, they started to use bromine, which does have untoward effects, sometimes. And, of course, you lose out on your iodine. In iodine: Occurrence and distribution …exceptionally useful radioactive isotope is iodine-131, which has a half-life of eight days is iodine polar, is iodine radioactive, is iodine good for thyroid, what is iodine good for, what is iodine used for, is iodine safe, what is iodine deficiency, is iodine dangerous, natural iodine supplements

CategoriesDate unknown, Hindi, Interview, Recorded Event, Translation (Hindi to English) - Draft, VideosTags§ 26' Reporter: Through Kundalini awakening we can achieve our Self-realization. In various ancient scriptures too, it has been described. The founder of Sahaja Yoga, Shri Mataji Nirmala Devi has given experience of self-realization through Kundalini awakening, to hundreds of thousands of people throughout the world. Sahaja yoga is gaining popularity in more than seven countries as of today. Ardha Matra had an exclusive meeting with Shri Mataji about the Kundalini power and Sahaja yoga. We are presenting excerpts from the same interview… Reporter: In Ramayana TV serial, we watched Sage Valmiki giving knowledge of Kundalini power to princes Luv and Kush. Kindly tell us in details about this happening and Kundalini power. Shri Mataji: Kundalini power does reside within us. If Valmiki told about this, then it must be true because he was a great man. He knew that no matter how much knowledge one attains but until unless self-realisation is achieved, one remains incomplete. Now about this power… in our country many people knew about this for ages and they were called Gurus..masters [sadguru]. These people had attained this knowledge through very hard penance. A power names as Kundalini resides in our triangular bone. And we call it Kundalini because it’s sits in the shape of three and a half coil. It is very surprising it that even Greeks knew about this. Because the triangular bone where Kundalini resides, they call it “Sacrum” (means sacred) bone. It means there is this sacred bone within us. Not sure, if many of these things they adopted from us or they attained this knowledge themselves in Sahaja way. In our country, experimentations to achieve self-realisation have been going on for ages. In Maharashtra (India) there have been people belonging to Nath sect like Machinder Nath, Gorakh Nath etc. these people were all into this. On the other hand, we were into Vedas. Studying Vedas makes one “Vid”. It means to know ultimate knowledge [param gyan], on your central nervous system. One has to be “Vid”. It is mention in very first Shloka that if one does not attain state of “Vid”, studying Vedas is of no use. There was another path called Bhakti Marg [path of devoutness], through which people used to try to please many deities through their devotion [bhakti]. But amongst all these, the middle path was that of Sahaja Kundalini Awakening and people of Nath sect [Nath panthi] used to follow this. All this knowledge is scripted in Sanskrit language and all discussions were also done in same language. On this matter, in 12th century Gyaneshwar Ji requested his elder brother (who happened to be his Guru too) for his permission to write about this power within us in his book “Gyaneshwari”, the power which gives us our self-realization. As nobody had clearly documented this before. When his Guru granted permission, he narrated about Kundalini very clearly in sixth chapter of his book. Despite of this clear narration, later on when so called guards of religions laid their hands on this book they realized that Kundalini awakening is beyond their capability, so they prohibited this sixth chapter. This resulted in decline in awareness about Kundalini. Afterwards in 16th century there have been many saints in Maharashtra like Shri Ramdas Ji, who was the Guru of Shivaji Maharaj. Someone questioned him how Kundalini awakens? On this his response was, “It happens Spontaneously. But there has to be a deserving receiver [disciple] and an able granter [guru]” On the same lines, Namdev ji also narrated about Kundalini in his scripts. Likewise, many saints have talked about Kundalini. But later many people termed it as nonsense, a thing of illusion and as there is nothing like Kundalini in reality. Even today, people talk like this. Because, nowadays we are so much under influence of western countries that we want to learn and adopt things from them only. Shri Mataji: Kundalini awakening happens in Sahaja way. It’s just like a seed which has potential to grow into thousands of trees. When a seed is sowed in earth, it germinates in Sahaja way. Likewise, all these powers are there within us in potential state, which if awakened a human can become very powerful. When Kundalini awakens, it passes through 6 chakras, not 7. First chakra is placed under the Kundalini, which protects it and looks after it’s purity. A man who has lived a saintly life and even when his past life has been saintly, such a person’s Kundalini awakens very quickly. And after awakening she attains union with all pervading power of Chaitanya. This is called Yoga. Anything else, like bending your body, doing acrobat is not Yoga. Actually, it is the only spiritual yoga through which your Kundalini attains union with all pervading divine power [brahma shakti]. When this happens, first of all, one becomes thoughtless. You are completely aware but thoughtless. When we have thoughts, we are either in past or future, and not in present. On Kundalini awakening, the thoughts which come from past or future are completely stopped or vanish. And the time elapsed between two thoughts [vilamba] stretches and there we witness state of present. We are fully aware but still thoughtless and in this state only, we achieve our spiritual ascent. But this (awakening) has to happen within you. No use of going places, studying and attaining stuff all that. Nothing helps… Kundalini awakening is an event such that this power rises above from within your triangular bone, pierces through six plexuses (chakras) and comes out from brahma randhra (hole in fontanelle bone). Until this event takes place within you, sometimes it’s fruitless to talk about Dharma [Religion]. Because talks may perhaps make you a good human being but one cannot get self-realization. Unless self-realization is achieved, all powers within us cannot be expressed. Understand that it is final and ultimate goal of our evolution. When Kundalini is awakened, it pierces the Brahma Randhra [hole in fontanelle bone] but post this connection, the Yoga has to be established. Not for too long but meditation for a short while has to be practiced every day. In olden days, tradition of one Master – one disciple was common, when they use to grant realization to one disciple only. So, there were very few realized people and if someone talked about Kundalini, would be perceived as crazy. Like Kabirdas ji has mentioned in his poetry..”How do I explain, as this whole world is blind?” Shri Mataji: You may call it modern Sahaja yoga. Its uniqueness is that we can give realization to enmass, in thousands together. In country like Russia, in a single village there are up to 21-22 thousand Sahaja Yogis. Because they are not so materialistic like us. They are very wise people. 70% of them are very wise, rest 30% may be after petty things like us. But 70% are wise and have good understanding. Now sure, how they have such a discrimination that they did not let anyone else establish other than me, rest all were turned back. Not sure how they understand that I am working so honestly. Here in Maharashtra (India) also a lot of things happened, many Gurus arrived on this land, taught people but don’t know why situation is so deteriorated here. Here seeking has declined in people and they are more inclined towards modernization. But I am surprised and I had never thought that in North India people will grasp Sahaja yoga so well. But it’s spreading like fire and people are receiving it and getting established well. So, it is such a thing that you don’t have to talk about this, it is an event. e.g. if you sow a seed in ground, it will germinate itself. For this, you don’t have to do any acrobat. Because there is a binding force in both the seed and the earth and when these bindings work together it just happens. It’s a living process. As we are at final stage of evolution, thousands of people can experience it. Though blossom days have arrived and these are such times that many flowers are here who have potential to become fruits but there are many others around too, who would not at all accept it, would not even try to get it. As last judgement time has come. It’s your wish to attain the Truth or leave it. Human beings can achieve a lot from this. First achievement is that we can feel this all-pervading power [param chaitanya] on your fingers and very soothing, settle cool (not very cold) breeze flows from your fontanelle bone area. Adi Shankracharya called it “Salilam Salilam…”. The vibrations that flow through your hands, he called it “Spand”. On your palm there are 7 sympathetic nerve endings. These are all 7 plexuses [chakras] on palm, through them you know which of your plexuses [chakras] have problem. You will know it on fingers. You will also know problems of others too because you are enlightened in collective consciousness. You enter into a new dimension through which a collective consciousness is awakened within you. You can feel chakras of another person too. So now you know about your own as well other’s Chakras. If you also learn how to correct chakras, you can correct your own chakras and help others too. This is called Shuddha Vidhya (pure knowledge). Second power that awakens with you is, you can also give self-realization to others. You can also raise other’s Kundalini. You can correct their physical, mental, intellectual and spiritual conditions too. Like this, we can help anyone whoever comes to Sahaja Yoga and wants to get self-realization. That’s how whole society can be reformed, not only this our country can be reformed, even whole world can be reformed. Another big change that happens is sense of Righteousness [Dharma] is awakened within us, it’s within and not without. For example, any Hindi, Muslim or Christian can commit any sin or do wrong deeds, his religion has no binding upon him. But it’s such a thing that once Dharma is awakened within, you can not commit anything illicit. Compassion, mercy etc. are awakened within you and despite this you become extremely energetic and dynamic. Whatever you keep doing, you won’t feel tired. You do your work in very loving and peaceful way. With this, you attain peace with you, become absolutely peaceful. A person who has very angry temperament becomes absolutely calm. Because whatever angularities you have within, become alright. All deformities within us are due to problems in plexuses [Chakras] and once these Chakras become alright, they get alright. I have seen many people have established big organizations of peace, got big awards etc. What peace they can give to others when they don’t have it in their heart itself? So, people become absolutely peaceful within. This work is going on in 7 countries. Thousands of people get together, but never ever there is any tussle. All live-in harmony together. Yes, sometimes they do tease each other but jokingly, in a friendly manner. You would not have seen such friendships otherwise. Whether this person is from Russia, England, Japan or anywhere they build a collective love amongst themselves. Because of this when true Religion [Dharma] is awakened within, they understand that all religions are one, understand totality of all religions. You don’t criticize any religion and worship all Dharma Pravartaka [who propagated religions]. Reporter: Shri Mataji, is it true that with Sahaja Yoga once can get rid of all many physical and mental disorders? Shri Mataji: Due to problems in Chakras, whatever Physical ailments are there e.g. Psychosomatic diseases, Cancers etc. which cannot be cured by Doctors are cured by Sahaja Yoga, there is no doubt in that. But first you must come in search of Truth not that you walk-in for treatment of all diseases. Seekers of Truth get rid of all diseases and they can help others too, but first of all one must seek. You can understand that God almighty has most wisdom, common sense. He sees that those, who are of no use and won’t give light to others even if put alright, why to treat such lamps. However even such lamps get alright… He wants to fix lamps which get enlightened and give light to others too, benefit others. That’s how Sahaja Yoga is going to spread. Sahaja means Sah (with you) + Ja (born). It’s such a Sahaja Vishawa (Global) Religion. When you achieve it, all petty things in our lives like Shad-Ripus i.e. six Demons within us [Kama – Lust, Krodha – Anger, Lobha- Greed, Mada – Arrogance, Moha – Attachment, Matsarya – Jealousy], just disappear somewhere. What you achieve is only Absolute Truth. If ten people are there, they will say the same thing. e.g. if you ask them what problem a particular person has? All will have the same answer. Diagnosis is also done. Everyone knows the single Truth, so there is no question of argument, automatically everyone arrives at same opinion. Sahaja Yoga is a great blessing. Because once you in shelter of Param Chaitanya, you are already in the court of God almighty. His government is very efficient and alert. On every step, you will see so many blessings from him that you would be surprised how all this is happening. Everyone sends letters to me asking mother, kindly tell how it has happened, this miracle has happened, that problem is solved. I amuse that you don’t even know where you are sitting. So the horizon we are living on, is all illusion [maya] and we must step into to the depth of reality. Once we get there, we feel that everything is happening itself and we are not doing anything, we witness everything happening right before you then what’s the need of putting in your efforts? And besides your attention becomes absolutely pure. As we saw that some boys especially from foreign countries they used to complain of wobbling eyes all the time and were tired of this, it would wander around on sight of a woman or anything around. I said it’s okay, doesn’t matter. After realization, I asked them to keep eyes on mother earth for some time. They started walking with their head down, by practicing it regularly their eyes have become so pure now, absolutely innocent. So, attention becomes absolutely pure, and not just pure it becomes such that if even it goes to someone slightly for a moment [kataksha], that person is endowed with his benevolence. If he goes to a house, peace gets established there. Wherever he stands brings peace. His sight becomes so powerful and pure, as he is full of selfless love. So, this attention acts wherever it reaches. If you want to know about someone, you would know through your vibrations. There is another Ether even more settler, that’s one which communicates all this. All these powers are there and all around us are supreme powers too. For example, if you see these beautiful flowers, you don’t even realize that it’s such a big miracle. Nobody thinks about it but it’s a living process. Just like this we have our heart. Nobody thinks about it as well that how it’s functioning. If you ask Doctors, they say it’s autonomous. Who is Auto? Science does not have answer for many things. Above all, science cannot explain why have to come in this world. You have come to enter into kingdom of almighty, enjoy and do benevolence of whole world. When they realize this, they keep engaged selflessly for no money. As you know we don’t change any money. Such a big work is going on and I don’t even have a secretary but everyone is my secretary. They do this work with full dedication, enjoy only this and keep talking about the same and nothing else. How to do good to others, how to solve other’s problems. Third and highest of all thing is that you are drowned into bliss [ananda]. Happiness and sorrow are merely two sides of our ego, just like a coin has two sides. When your ego gets very elated, you are happy and if its gets pricked a bit you become sad. But in Sahaja state you become blissful [anandamay]. There is no duality in bliss, you just keep watching everything and enjoy it. Means that you achieve state of witness. You look at everything like a drama. That’s how all kind of tensions and stress etc. of these days just disappear. Jokingly, I tell them that now you all got a hole on your heads and these problems will stream out of you through this [laughs]. What must be understood is that all this is within us, it’s just right time, everything is going to work out in these times, you don’t have to pay for this, but still people visit all those mischievous Gurus. Now what to do, no one can change their minds. So, one must understand what do we have to achieve? We have to achieve our complete maturity. And for this you don’t have to do anything or give anything. Only you have to give time, very little time. But when you step down in this, you find it to be ocean of knowledge, love and compassion and above of all its ocean of forgiveness. Whatever mistakes one might have committed prior to realization, everything has to be forgotten in Sahaja Yoga, no need to feel guilty and you just forgive everyone. That’s all. This works out so quickly even for thousands of people that it just surprise everyone how it’s happening for so many together. They say that recently about One Hundred Thousand people came in Pune and everyone raised their hands to confirm that they felt it. But how many continue and grow in this, is the shortcoming. Reporter: Shri Mataji, in every public program you give experience of Kundalini awakening to thousands. Can you give same experience through this program to our viewers too? Shri Mataji: Not a problem. We did it in Hong Kong. We visited Hong Kong and there a TV Anchor who organized it, and many people sent letters afterwards. But nobody brought them together as collective. But now there in Hong Kong all of them have got together. So definitely it is possible. Shri Mataji: Now? (Smiles…) Ok so whoever is watching it now, please take off your shoes and spectacles. Shoes have to be removed because this earth element absorbs all our problems, deformities. Oral - motor functioning is the area of assessment which looks at normal and abnormal patterns of the lips, tongue, jaw, cheeks, hard palate and soft palate for eating, drinking, facial expression and speech to determine which functional skills a client has to build on, and which abnormal patterns need to be inhibited or for which compensation is needed. Structure (lip, tongue, jaw, cheek) affects oral motor control. Recognition of the patterns is essential to adequately attain baseline the individual's current skills, so that an appropriate plan of intervention can be developed. That plan will include mealtime interventions (positioning, handling techniques, adaptive equipment, etc.), as well as oral motor interventions to enhance control of the lips, cheeks, jaw and tongue. Oral-motor patterns must be directly observed. It's extremely important to do a thorough oral - peripheral examination on clients of all ages. The individual presents many different patterns at once with varying degrees of severity and skill, making identification of baseline oral motor skills challenging for the therapist. Different patterns may be observed with different food types and in response to different types of stimuli. For example, a client may show good control and normal patterns with denser pureed foods, but then have great difficulty controlling fluids, showing abnormal patterns such as jaw and tongue retraction, and incoordination of suck/swallow/breathing, resulting in coughing and neck hyperextension. Be certain to assess oral-motor patterns by presenting a variety of food densities, such as thick liquids, thin liquids, semi-solids, crunchy and chewy solids (may be wrapped in thin fabric for safety) and observing the oral-motor patterns seen with each item. It's important to consider all of the below relfexes have on the development of the infants' swallowing skills. For example, children with neurological impairments may have some impaired reflexes and so on. From 4 - 6 months, infants receive all their nourishment through nipple feeds. The change from nipple feeds to transitional feeding is related to central nervous system maturation. The terms Sucking and Suckling often get confused yet are very important milestones to understand. Below is a chart descibing the difference for the main oral structures. -Front of tongue, with lips, seals against nipple. Back of tongue seals against soft palate to keep liquid in mouth until child is ready to swallow The lips form a circular shape maintaining muscular tonal balance. This position is attained through easy, nonforceful movement. The amount of rounding can be varied as needed to obtain and maintain a seal around a feeding utensil, or to build up or maintain intra-oral pressure. The lips form an expanded horizontal line from the rest position, maintaining normal muscle tone. The position is attained through easy, non-forceful movement. The amount of spreading can be varied as needed to control substances in the front of the mouth, or to aid in drawing substances into the mouth. The lips meet and touch to seal off the contents of the mouth from the outside. The position is attained through easy, non-forceful movement. The amount of contact and the area of contact can be varied as needed to retain substances in the mouth. In addition to recognizing normal patterns, you should also evaluate for abnormal patterns, including lip retraction, anterior spillage, and lip purse-string, hypotonicity and asymmetrical lip movement. Each of these patterns interferes with lip closure, mouth opening and with forming a seal around a feeding utensil (bottle, straw, cup, spoon, etc.). It also affects one's ability to obtain and/or maintain intra-oral pressure. Lip tremor - rapid, small movements of the lips during purposeful activity such as lip seal. A mildly abnormal pattern indicating fatigue. Lip retraction - This is an abnormal pattern in which increased abnormal tone pulls the corners of the lips up and back. It may be observed to affect upper lip movement more than lower. A person with this patter may be described as "always smiling". The anterior cheek usually shows a retracted pattern. Lip purse-string - an abnormal pattern in which the corners of the lips are pulled back as the rest of the lip pulls to midline with an increase in abnormal tone. Increased tone may extend from below the nose to the chin and into the cheeks. Assymetrical Lip Movement - one side of the lip moves with less control than the other. Abnormal patterns and muscle tone are noted on the affected side. Hypotonic lips - an abnormal pattern in which the lips appear flaccid, with little or no active movement. The lips may look puffy. The lower lip may appear more involved than the upper lip. Dystonic lip movement - An abnormal pattern characterized by rhythmical, nonfunctional movement of either or both lips, associated with Parkinson's or Parkinson's like symptoms. The ability to interrupt the movement is related to the severity of the disease. With less severe involvement, the pattern can be interrupted during functional activities such as eating and speech, and will not be observed during sleep. Lip Fasciculations - An abnormal pattern of nonrhythmical, unorganized contraction of individual muscle fibers across the lips. May be observed when the lips are at rest, or following direct stimulation of the lips. May also be observed during generalized hypotonicity affecting the whole body. Tongue movements are an integral part of the eating process. The following six normal patterns (suckling, simple tongue protrusion, sucking, munching, tongue tip elevation and lateral tongue movements) are presented in order from primitive to more mature patterns. Suckling - The primary movement in suckling is extension – retraction. The tongue does not extend beyond the lips. Lateral movement is not observed. The tongue may show a semi-bowl shape (cupping). The tongue remains flat and thin. The movement is accomplished with normal tonal changes with rhythmical cycles of extension - retraction. Jaw opening and closing occur in conjunction with tongue movement. This is a normal but primitive pattern. Simple tongue protrusion - This is a primitive, normal movement associated with the suckling pattern. The tongue extends between the teeth or gums. The tongue remains flat and thin with no abnormal tonal changes. (In the normal population, this may be called tongue thrust, especially by speech pathologists.) Munching - The primary movement of the tongue is up and down with flattening and spreading. Lateral tongue movements are not observed during this pattern. Tongue movements are accompanied by up and down movement of the jaw for chewing and biting. This is a normal tongue pattern observed in early chewing. Food is positioned on the body of the tongue and raised upward to the palate to break up the food prior to swallowing. Soft, lumpy foods, ground meats, and foods that dissolve in saliva (such as crackers), are tolerated with this chewing pattern All of these patterns are normal, but do not involve any lateral tongue movement. The person cannot move food between molars for chewing. Since this is needed for chewing more viscous foods, s/he fails to move along the continuum of greater variety and separation of tongue, lip, and jaw patterns. The person is limited to a diet which does not require chewing and grinding, such as a pureed diet. Lateral tongue movements - The tongue moves to either side, horizontally, to shift food from the center of the mouth to the side. Initially, the tongue may barely shift toward the gum. As skill develops, the tongue will contact the gum or molars. With more control, the tongue will move over the gums or molars. With continued development, the tongue will extend into either cheek. As skills develop, the tongue can move food from one side across the midline to the other side. As movements become more defined, lateral and tongue tip elevations are combined to allow sweeping/cleaning movements of lips, palate, and inside the cheeks. This allows particles of food to be gathered and positioned on the tongue prior to swallowing. Tongue tremor - Rapid, small movements of the tongue during purposeful activity, such as sucking. A mildly abnormal pattern indicating fatigue. May be observe in nursing infants during sucking. Exaggerated tongue protrusion - The tongue shows extension (forward movement) beyond the border of the lips which is non-forceful. The movement is a rhythmical extension-retraction pattern. It is similar to a suckle pattern, but is mildly abnormal. Tongue thrust - The tongue is thickened and bunched. The movement is an outward extension beyond the border of the lips. The movement is forceful, and is associated with an abnormal increase in muscle tone. This may occur as part of a total extension pattern of the body, or with hyperextension of the head and neck. The tongue thrust may make it difficult to insert a utensil into the mouth or may cause food to be ejected during feeding. During drinking, the tongue may thrust into the cup or may protrude in a very tight, bunched fashion beneath the cup. Tongue retraction - In this abnormal movement, the tongue appears thickened and bunched. The movement is retraction, a strong, pulling back of the tongue into the posterior portion of the oral cavity, associated with abnormal increased muscle tone. The tip of the tongue is not forward and even with the lower lip. It is pulled back toward the middle of the hard palate and may be held firmly against the hard or soft palate. Hard approximation of the tongue with the palate may make insertion of utensils extremely difficult and may make it nearly impossible for any food to be placed on top of the tongue for swallowing. Gagging may be increased for the person with this pattern. Severe tongue retraction can partially block the laryngeal airway contributing to added respiratory problems during feeding. Tongue retraction may be associated with other patterns of retraction or extension in the body (i.e., shoulder retraction or neck extension) or it may be an abnormal pattern used as compensation by a person with poor swallowing patterns. When a person has swallowing difficulties, food which moves rapidly or is very thin may be uncontrollable and life threatening when the tongue is more forward. In such cases, the tongue retracts, resulting in reduction of the size of the pharyngeal opening. This pattern is associated with abnormal increased muscle tone. Asymmetrical tongue placement or movement - The tongue deviates to one side or the other and may show atrophy on the affected side. It may be accomplished by or associated with abnormal tone in the facial musculature. All movements of the tongue are affected. The tongue deviates, or is pushed toward the weak side. If lateral tongue movement is consistently observed only to one side, it may not be active lateral movement, but rather may be asymmetrical movement toward the weak side. Hypotonic tongue - may appear thickened and shows little or no active movement. Fasciculations, small, uncoordinated movements over the body of the tongue, may be observed when the tongue is at rest. These movements may increase during eating, drinking, swallowing and vocalizations. Dystonic tongue movement - rhythmical, nonfunctional movement of the tongue associated with Parkinson's or Parkinson's like symptoms. The ability to interrupt the movement is related to the severity of the disease. With less severe involvement, the pattern can be interrupted during functional activities such as eating or speech, and will not be observed during sleep. Tongue fasciculations - An abnormal pattern of nonrhythmical, unorganized contraction of individual muscle fibers across the surface of the tongue. May be observed when the tongue is at rest, or following direct stimulation to the tongue. May also be observed during generalized hypertonicity or hypotonicity affecting the whole body. Ankyloglossia - A structural impairment consisting of a shortened lingual frenulum. Body of the tongue is thinned, with the lateral borders elevated. A heart shaped indention may be noted at the front edge of the tongue. Function is limited if the tongue tip can lift less than 1/4" above the lower incisors. Pseudo Ankyloglossia - A functional impairment in which the body of the tongue is thickened and retracted. The lingual frenulum appears as a prominent white fiber at the center of the tongue tip. The end of the tongue is blunt and thick. Normal jaw patterns are presented from less to more controlled. In normal development, these patterns do not develop linearly. In the same person, more mature patterns may be observed with easy to chew foods, (ex: a cookie) and more primitive patterns may be observed with harder to chew items (ex: steak). The primitive patterns do not disappear. More mature patterns are used with foods requiring grinding, while more primitive patterns are used with less viscous foods. Close and hold - Jaw stability and strength are adequate to close around the item with normal muscle tone, but not yet strong enough to allow up and down jaw movement around the item. Do not confuse this normal pattern with tonic bite. Wide jaw excursion - This early pattern is characterized by poor jaw grading in which downward jaw displacement is exaggerated, but not associated with abnormal tone. It is associated with poor internal jaw stability. It may occur during suckling, sucking and chewing. It is often seen during nursing, and then again when cup drinking is introduced. As the jaw gains greater internal stability, better control of jaw movement occurs with improved grading and wide jaw excursions decrease. Phasic biting - This primitive normal jaw pattern is characterized by rapid rhythmical up and down movement of the jaw. No lateral movement of the jaw is seen. It may occur following stimulation of cheek, gums, or molars. It is usually limited in power. Munching - This early chewing pattern combines phasic biting and some nonstereotypic vertical movements of the jaw with tongue movement to the hard palate. No lateral jaw movement is observed with these five patterns. A person with these patterns would not be able to grind up fibrous foods. Soft, lumpy foods and ground meats are usually the diet tolerated with these patterns. Lateral jaw shift - This is a lateral (side to side) movement of the jaw with no downward displacement of the jaw. Diagonal movement - This is a lateral, downward movement of the jaw to either side with easy contact and release. It aids in the placement of food between molars for chewing. There is no grinding movement, and no movement of the jaw across midline. It occurs in conjunction with vertical jaw movement. Diagonal rotary movement - There is a lateral, downward movement with upward, horizontal sliding movements for grinding foods between molars. The jaw moves to one side or the other, without crossing midline. It may accompany lateral movement of food from the center of the tongue to the teeth. Circular rotary movement - This is the most mature chewing pattern, with jaw movement laterally, downward, across the midline to the other side and upward to close. It may occur either clockwise or counter -clockwise. It may accompany transfer of food from one side of the mouth across the midline to the other side of the mouth. Each of these normal patterns may be accompanied by significant muscle weakness. The pattern is observed, but is not efficient for more viscous foods due to lack of power for closing the jaw. Abnormal jaw patterns interfere with eating, drinking and speech. Controlled movement of the cheeks, lips and tongue is also adversely affected by these abnormal jaw patterns. Sometimes the patterns are interpreted by the caregiver as volitional, resulting in an inappropriate response by the caregiver. When these patterns are present, mealtimes take longer. There will be poor control of items placed in the mouth with loss of foods, fluids, medications and saliva. Oral hygiene becomes more challenging to provide, often resulting in poor oral hygiene and resulting in gum problems, plaque build up, tooth decay and loss of teeth. Appropriate handling techniques for mealtime and oral hygiene are needed. Jaw clonus - Rapid, rhythmical movement of the jaw upon closure, indicating weakness or fatigue. May be observed in infants during sucking. Tonic bite reflex - This is jaw closure accomplished by forceful, sustained upward movement of the mandible. It occurs following stimulation of the teeth or gums. It is accompanied by increased abnormal tone in the jaw muscles. It is difficult to release. Damage to the teeth or to the object placed in the mouth may occur. The tonic bite increases if the item is pulled on. Do not confuse this pattern with a bite reflex which results in closing or approximation of closing following stimulation to the lips, gums or teeth. This normal reflex becomes integrated before age two, and is not associated with abnormally increased muscle tone. Jaw thrust - The jaw opens through forceful, sustained downward and outward movement of the jaw (mandible). It occurs following presentation of foods for biting. It may also occur as part of a total body extension pattern. It is accompanied by increased abnormal tone in jaw muscles. Do not confuse this pattern with wide jaw excursions (poor jaw grading), often seen in normal infants. Pressing up on jaw increases the jaw thrust. Jaw retraction - There is a forceful, sustained movement of the lower jaw, carrying it up and toward the back so that the alignment of the molars is displaced. It is associated with an abnormal increase in jaw muscle tone. It may occur following change in body position, or following the presentation of foods, liquids, or medications into the mouth. It may also occur in conjunction with abnormal muscle tone and abnormal patterns of movement. There is less room in the back of the mouth, so swallowing and breathing are more difficult. Dystonic jaw movement - An abnormal pattern characterized by rhythmical, nonfunctional movement of the jaw associated with Parkinson's or Parkinson's like symptoms. The ability to interrupt the movement is related to the severity of the disease. With less severe involvement, the pattern can be interrupted during functional activities, such as eating and speech, and will not be observed during sleep. Bruxism - Bruxism or toothgrinding, may occur for a variety of reasons. In individuals with abnormal oral motor patterns, bruxism may be associated with muscle weakness or with abnormally increased muscle tone. Pressure to the outside of the face is not effective in reducing bruxism. Emphasize on increased internal jaw stability with increased opportunities for closing the molars around chewy objects has been helpful in reducing the incidence of bruxism. Bruxism may increase when an ear infection or fluid in the middle ear occurs. It may also increase with headaches or when there is pain due to gum or tooth disease. Normal cheek patterns include protrusion, retraction, and compression. The cheeks form the walls of the face. The cheek is composed of many layers of muscle tissue, inserting at many different angles. The cheeks assist in repositioning food in the sides of the mouth, in placing food between the teeth for chewing and in moving the food, fluid or saliva to the posterior of the oral cavity for swallowing. The muscles of the cheek assist with lip, jaw, and tongue movement. The receptors for swallowing are located in the posterior area of the cheeks, as well as on the gums, tongue and soft palate. Some of the salivary glands are located in the cheeks. Abnormal cheek patterns include hypotonicity (decreased muscle tone in the cheeks), hypertonicity (increased muscle tone in the cheeks), fluctuating tone, and atrophy due to disuse. These are often seen in combination with abnormal jaw, tongue and lip patterns. Each of these impacts on oral function. If the above patterns exist, there may be decreased awareness of what is happening in the oral area. Control of substances in the mouth will be adversely affected. The level of oral-motor response may change, based on the texture of food presented, or on the type of handling or feeding equipment the caregiver uses. Loss of saliva from the mouth may occur for a variety of reasons. Gum or tooth disease, reflux, upper respiratory infections, allergies, mouth breathing, body position, level of activity or alertness, intensity of concentration, and impaired patterns of movement for the lips, cheeks, tongue and jaw may also result in drooling. Programs emphasizing conscious control of saliva are not effective. Evaluation of all factors affecting saliva control is essential for planning effective interventions to reduce drooling. The opposite also often ocurrs where the pt doesn't produce enough saliva and then has what we call xerostomia or dry mouth. This can be normal for them. caused by dehydration, certain medications, decrease in oral care, or many other reasons. Saliva control is vital for the swallowing process and our health. Gagging is a protective reflex. It may be elicited by a number of different stimuli including: olfactory (smell); visual; touch to the posterior third of the palate, inner gums or tongue; touch to the pharynx; stimulation of the vagal nerve in the intestinal track; and stimulation of the semicircular canals in the inner ear following rapid movement of the head or body. Gagging may also occur if a more functional oral response, such as muscle contraction, chewing or swallowing, is not present due to oral motor impairment. By providing controlled pressure and movement on the face and within the mouth, an individual with oral motor impairment can develop those more functional responses, so that gagging is normalized. The goal is to normalize the gag, not to extinguish it. The gag is necessary for protection of the body from unfamiliar or harmful stimuli.

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