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null | Takeshirō, Takeshiro or Takeshirou (written: 孟郎 or 武四郎) is a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include: | df49ee5e-447a-429a-9a1e-46bbf29655fc |
null | Scottish football referee
Tom "Tiny" Wharton OBE (3 November 1927 in Glasgow – 9 May 2005 in Newton Mearns) was a Scottish football referee in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. Known as Tiny, due to his colossal 6'4" frame, he was one of the most iconic and respected officials of his generation.
He was raised in the Parkhead area of Glasgow; the brothers John Cairney (actor and writer) and Jim Cairney (footballer with York City) were childhood acquaintances.
An engineer by profession, Wharton took up refereeing at the age of 21 and had reached Class I status within 3 years. He refereed a number of important and high-profile games during his career, including the Scottish Cup finals of 1961–62, 1962–63, 1965–66 and 1970–71, and the League Cup finals of 1960–61, 1962–63, 1966–67 and 1970-71.
Wharton's prowess was recognised outside Scotland as well and he officiated 16 international matches, from Belfast to Brazil. He also oversaw 24 international club fixtures, including the 1962 Cup Winners Cup Final between Atlético Madrid and Fiorentina at Hampden Park. He officiated in qualifying matches for the 1962 and 1970 World Cups, as well as UEFA Euro 1968 qualifying.
In later years, Wharton was chairman of the Scottish Football Association's Referee Supervisors Committee between 1976 and 1990 and served as part of FIFA's Referees Committee between 1981 and 2000. He was awarded the OBE in 1990 for his services to Scottish football and FIFA's Order of Merit in Gold in 1992. He was described by FIFA president Sepp Blatter as "one of the world's most distinguished refereeing officials". In 2003, he retired from the SFA's Referee Supervisors Committee. | fceda238-8215-463a-8c39-7947c79c2714 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hay_(Seaford_MP)"} | William Hay (1695–1755), of Glyndebourne, Sussex was an English writer and Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1734 to 1755.
Early life
Hay was born on 21 August 1695, the second but on[y surviving son of William Hay of Glyndebourne, Sussex, and his wife, Barbara Stapley, youngest daughter of Sir John Stapley, Bt. of Patcham, Sussex. Both his parents died while he was still an infant. In 1705 he was sent to school at Newick, and then in 1710 to the grammar school at Lewes. He matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford, on 20 March 1712.
Leaving university without a degree, Hay was admitted in 1715 to the Middle Temple but there is no evidence that he was called to the bar. While pursuing his legal studies he contracted smallpox, which seriously affected his eyesight. In 1718 he travelled through many parts of England and Scotland, and in 1720 he made a tour through France, Germany, and Holland. On his return he settled down at Glyndebourne and became an active county magistrate, and in 1733 was appointed chairman of quarter sessions for the eastern division of Sussex.
Career
At a by-election in January 1734 Hay was returned to the House of Commons as Member of Parliament for Seaford, and continued to represent the constituency until his death. He was a Whig, and a general supporter of the policy of Sir Robert Walpole.
In 1735 Hay headed a parliamentary committee that reported on prison reform. In March 1736 and again in February 1737 he brought in a bill for poor relief, but failed to carry it through the house. In February 1738 he took part in the debate on the reduction of the army, and in May following was appointed a commissioner for victualling the navy. During the discussion of the navy estimates in February 1740 he defended himself from a personal attack, and invited scrutiny of his conduct at the victualling office. In December 1747 he brought in a bill for the relief of the poor by voluntary charities, which passed through the Commons without opposition, but was dropped in the House of Lords.
Hay was appointed keeper of the records in the Tower of London in 1753, and died of apoplexy at Glyndebourne on 22 June 1755. He was buried in Glynde churchyard. Hay suffered from severe scoliosis, scarcely five feet high, and assiduous in his parliamentary duties.
Family
In 1731 Hay had married Elizabeth, the second daughter of Thomas Pelham of Catsfield Place, Sussex, by whom he had three sons and two daughters. Pelham was a cousin of the Duke of Newcastle, by whose influence Hay entered parliament.
The eldest son, Thomas, lieutenant-colonel in the Queen's dragoons, represented Lewes from March 1768 to September 1780, and died on 9 February 1786. His second son, William, a member of the supreme council at Calcutta, was murdered while a hostage at Patna on 5 October 1763. His youngest son, Henry, died on 24 October 1754, aged 18.
None of his five children produced offspring and on the death in 1824 of Frances, the younger of his two daughters, Glyndebourne passed to his nephew, the Rev. Francis Tutté, son of his sister Barbara, and eventually to William Langham Christie.
Works
Hay was the author of:
Hay's collected works were published at the expense of his two daughters, under the editorship of their cousin, the Rev. Francis Tutté, in 1794, London, 2 vols. His parliamentary journal has been published. | a4297839-dce9-46ff-af06-c6ba3c3b3111 |
null | Indian TV series or program
Vishnu Puran (also written Vishnupuran) is an Indian television series, by B. R. Chopra on the Hindu deity Vishnu. It is based on the Bhagavata Purana. Bhagavata Purana tells about the 10 incarnations of Vishnu, as well as other stories, such as the legend of Dhruva. The weekly series first aired Sunday morning, January 23, 2000 on Zee TV. The 124 episodes were later released on DD National.
The chief roles are played by Nitish Bharadwaj as Vishnu and Vaidehi as Lakshmi. Nitish Bharadwaj previously played the role of Krishna, in Chopra's television adaptation of the epic Mahabharat. The Story was narrated by Indrani Haldar in the role of Dharti Maa. The music is composed by Raj Kamal who also worked on Mahabharat. The title song was sung by Shankar Mahadevan and the songs decoding summary of each episode was sung by Mahendra Kapoor. During the COVID-19 pandemic in India, DD Bharati and Zee TV started re-airing episodes to entertain the public during the lockdown.
Episode guide
Vishnu is the protector of the universe (episode 1)
Episode 1: The narrator Mother Earth, Dharti Maa, introduces herself to the viewers. After the world ended in fire and flood, only the supreme God Vishnu was left alive. Brahma creates the world and the first humans, Manu and Shatrupa, who wander in the pristine nature and fall in love.
The story of Dhruva (episodes 2-6)
Episode 2: King Uttanpada, Manu and Shatarupa's son, becomes beguiled by his ambitious younger wife Suruchi and neglects his elder queen Suniti and her five-year-old son Dhruva. Suruchi throws Dhruva off his father's lap and Uttanpada fails to intervene. Suruchi tells the unhappy boy that no one but Lord Vishnu the supreme god can grant him the power to sit on his father's lap now.
Episode 3: Dhruva leaves the palace in search of Lord Vishnu. Goddess Lakshmi pleads with Lord Shri Vishnu to protect Dhruva, and takes matters into her own hands by manifesting as a snake to save the child from a gang of dacoits. Manu gives Uttanpada a talking to and Uttanpada and Suniti reconcile and search for their son. Sage Narada, sent by Vishnu, guides Dhruva to the forest and gives him a mantra to chant.
Episode 4: Goddess Parvati, at Goddess Lakshmi's request, protects Dhruva by sending her lion to guard the child from wild beasts. Dhruva asks Narada for further guidance and on his advice, gives up eating and drinking. Lord Vishnu tells Goddess Lakshmi, however, that he cannot come down to the world for just one person. Meanwhile, the king of the devas, Indra, fears Dhruva may ask Lord Vishnu for Indra's throne. Indra sends the apsara Rakshita disguised as Dhruva's mother, but Dhruva does not even notice her.
Episode 5: Uttanpada is miserable and Indra's attempts to frustrate Dhruva's penance fail. Dhruva begs Narada for further advice and, obeying his guru's instructions, stops breathing. The entire universe stands still. Now that just more than one person is affected, Vishnu appears before Dhruva.
Episode 6: Dhruva asks Lord Vishnu why his father didn't let him sit on his lap. Lord Shri Vishnu takes Dhruva on his own lap and heals his burns and hunger. Dhruva's questions disappear; he feels completely blissful. Lord Shri Vishnu instructs Dhruva to return to his people and be an example of an enlightened king. Dhruva returns home and forgives Suruchi, because if not for her he would never have found Lord Vishnu.
Matsya Avatara and the theft of the Vedas (episodes 7-9)
Episode 7: Dharti Ma narrates that sage Kashyapa had three wives, Diti, Aditi and Danu, the mothers of the daityas (demons), devas (gods) and danavas (monsters or giants or demons), respectively. Lord Vishnu entrusts the four scriptures, the Vedas, to Brahma, to be passed on to mankind. Hayagriva, a son of Danu, feels this is unfair to demons and determines to keep the Vedas away from humanity. Brahma is worried that mankind is too evil to receive the Vedas, and goes to consult Shiva about purifying the earth first. While Brahma is away, Hayagriva kidnaps the Vedas (who are in the form of four small boys) and imprisons them in his underwater lair.
Episode 8: Shiva agrees to flood the earth to destroy all evil life and purify it; Brahma can then create humanity anew and give them the Vedas. While Manu is bathing, a tiny fish swims into his hands and begs for protection. Manu takes it home, but it grows to giant size in a single night and he releases it into the ocean, where he realizes the fish is none other than Lord Vishnu. As Matsya, the fish, Lord Vishnu warns Manu of the coming flood and asks him to save anything important in a boat.
Episode 9: Hayagriva decides to destroy the Vedas but Matsya appears first and kills Hayagriva. Manu and Shatarupa gather plants and animals, deciding to save everything rather than having the pride to think they know what is valuable and what is not. At the last minute, Manu thinks of bringing the seven primordial sages, the Saptarishis. The deluge. Manu's boat is tossed by the storm but Matsya tows it to safety. After the flood, Lord Vishnu gives the Vedas again to the nine survivors.
Kurma Avatara and the churning of the ocean (episodes 10-17)
Episode 10: At Hayagriva's funeral, a danava named Kaalaketu defeats another danava, Arshal, for the kingship. The danavas at once attack the devas in revenge for Hayagriva's death, but Lord Indra easily defeats them. Lord Indra boasts about his victory.
Episode 11: Shukracharya, the danava guru, chides his followers for attacking without a plan. He forms a plan of his own: to ask Lord Shiva for the Sanjeevani Mantra - a mantra that enables one to bring the dead back to life. Lord Indra goes to Lord Shiva to prevent this, but Shukracharya attracts Lord Shiva's attention first and earns the right to attempt Shiva's penance to obtain the mantra: to hang upside down from a tree, without eating, drinking or speaking, and breathing only the smoke of burning leaves, for one year.
Episode 12: Lord Indra is worried when it appears that Shukracharya will succeed. When the apsaras are afraid to try and interrupt the penance, Lord Indra's daughter Jayanti determines to go, against Lord Indra's will.
Episode 13: Jayanti throws chili peppers into the leaf fire and Shukracharya is in agony. However, he does not break his penance. Angry at the sabotage, Shiva ends the trial and grants Shukracharya the Sanjeevani Mantra on the spot. Guilt-stricken, Jayanti offers to marry Shukracharya and serve him to atone for causing him such suffering. He accepts.
Episode 14: The danavas attack the devas and with Shukracharya bringing each dead danava back to life, the devas can't win. They flee and ask Lord Shri Vishnu to help them. Lord Shri Vishnu Bhagwan tells Lord Indra he must churn the ocean to extract amrita, the nectar of immortality. This will make the devas and danava even. The catch is, the devas are not strong enough alone to churn the ocean. Lord Indra must obtain the cooperation of the danava.
Episode 15: Lord Indra points out to Shukracharya that when he dies, he won't be able to use the Sanjeevani Mantra on himself and the danava advantage will be lost. Concerned, Shukracharya agrees to help churn the ocean. Both sides agree to share equally whatever they obtain from the ocean, but Shukracharya privately asks the danava Swarbhanu to make sure the danavas get the amrita. The churning rope will be the serpent Vasuki; Sage Narada tricks the danavas into getting the head end while the devas grasp the tail.
Episode 16: Lord Shri Vishnu incarnates as Kurma, the divine turtle, and supports the churn - Mount Mandara - on his back. The first thing to emerge from the ocean is a lethal poison. Lord Shiva drinks it to save the world, earning the nickname Nilkanth. Second, Goddess Lakshmi emerges from the ocean. The danavas and devas fight over her until Lord Brahma protects her and decrees the eternal right for a woman to choose her own husband.
Episode 17: Lord Brahma holds a Swayamvara ceremony for Goddess Lakshmi to choose her husband. She chooses Lord Shri Vishnu. The churning of the ocean continues and the amrita emerges and is promptly stolen by Swarbhanu. Lord Shri Vishnu appears as Mohini, a beautiful woman, and dazzles the danavas into inviting the devas to watch them drink the amrita. She gives it to the devas first, however, and there is none left for the danavas. Swarbhanu disguises himself as a deva and receives some amrita, but Lord Shri Vishnu then cuts off his head.
Narasimha Avatara and Prahlad's trials of faith (episodes 18-39)
Hiranyakashipu's boon (episodes 18-21)
Episode 18: Lord Brahma's four saintly sons visit Lord Shri Vishnu but are prevented from entering by the gatekeepers Jaya-Vijaya. The saints curse Jaya and Vijaya to be born three times as asuras and to be killed by Lord Shri Vishnu each time. Jaya and Vijaya are born as Hiranyaksha and Hiranyakashipu. Hiranyaksha steals the earth and hides it. Lord Shri Vishnu incarnates as Varaha and kills Hiranyaksha. Hiranyakashipu vows revenge.
Episode 19: To obtain his revenge, Hiranyakashipu does a penance to obtain a boon from Lord Brahma. Indra tries to help Lord Shri Vishnu by disrupting the penance, but every attempt is thwarted by Shukracharya. In desperation, Indra decides to kidnap Hiranyakashipu's wife Kayadhu and kill her unborn son. However, Sage Narada stops Indra and rescues Kayadhu. In his ashram, Narada chants Lord Shri Vishnu's name to Kayadhu and her unborn son hears it.
Episode 20: Lord Brahma puts off answering Hiranyakashipu's prayers, but is finally forced to do so. Hiranyakashipu asks for immortality, but Lord Brahma says no being can have that. Hiranyakashipu must ask for something else. Hiranyakashipu asks Lord Brahma to make it that he, Hiranyakashipu, cannot be killed by day or by night, inside a building or outside a building, on earth or in heaven, by god or man or animal, or by any weapon. Lord Brahma grants all the boons. Narada tells Hiranyakashipu about the whereabouts of his wife.
Episode 21: Kayadhu says she has never been so happy and asks to stay with Narada until her son is born. Hiranyakashipu agrees and celebrates his boon by declaring himself God and banning the worship of Lord Shri Vishnu. Swarbhanu joins Hiranyakashipu's court. Kayadhu gives birth to a son, Prahlad, and receives permission to stay with Narada until Prahlad is a little older. Hiranyakashipu makes Narada promise not to say the name "Vishnu" in front of Prahlad.
Story of Prahlad (episodes 22-34)
Episode 22: Prahlad has grown into a sweet little boy who is utterly devoted to Lord Shri Vishnu (whom he knows by his 999 other names) and has mastered all the yoga Narada has taught him. Kayadhu and Prahlad return to the asura kingdom and Hiranyakashipu sends Prahlad to school. At school, Prahlad is shocked to see an idol of his father and refuses to worship it. Prahlad teaches his classmates about Lord Shri Vishnu.
Episode 23: When Prahlad returns to the palace, Hiranyakashipu asks what he has learnt. Prahlad says the school taught false knowledge and Lord Shri Vishnu is the only God. Hiranyakashipu is furious and orders the teachers, Shukracharya's sons Amark and Shund, to correct Prahlad's thinking.
Episode 24: Kayadhu goes to the school and begs Prahlad to say that his father is the only God. Prahlad refuses. He is not afraid. When Prahlad returns to court and again affirms his faith, Hiranyakashipu orders Prahlad to be killed. But the soldier's swords do him no harm. Hiranyakashipu sends Prahlad into exile in the wilderness instead. Swarbhanu follows Prahlad and prevents him from getting any food or drink.
Episode 25: Lord Shri Vishnu releases his Sudarshana Chakra and chases Swarbhanu away. Prahlad's fellow students find him and bring him food. Hiranyakashipu sends soldiers who throw Prahlad off a mountain. Lord Shri Vishnu catches Prahlad and lays him gently in a grain cart.
Episode 26: The grain cart was making a delivery to Hiranyakashipu's court. Furious at Prahlad's survival, Hiranyakashipu has his son thrown in jail. Swarbhanu attempts to poison Prahlad, but Shiva manifests and drinks the poison.
Episode 27: Hiranyakashipu's sister Singhika and her husband Viprachitti come for a visit. Singhika demonstrates how she cannot be hurt by fire, thanks to a boon granted to her by Agni the fire god. Hiranyakashipu enlists Singhika and Viprachitti's help in killing Prahlad. They suggest sending Prahlad to their kingdom, Kamarupa, with a letter. The letter will tell their son Aahlad to throw Prahlad into a snake pit. Aahlad tells Prahlad he will be taken to visit a temple of Lord Shri Vishnu.
Episode 28: Prahlad is locked in the snake pit, where he prays to Lord Shri Vishnu. Kayadhu also prays to Lord Shri Vishnu to protect her son. The Sudarshana Chakra appears in the snake pit and the snakes vanish. Prahlad opens his eyes and sees the idol of Lord Shri Vishnu. Meanwhile, an escaped snake bites Aahlad and he dies. Prahlad is devastated; he prays to Lord Shri Vishnu for his brother's life and Lord Shri Vishnu brings Aahlad back to life.
Episode 29: Hiranyakashipu, Singhika and Viprachitti hear of Aahlad's death and all vow revenge. Prahlad and Aahlad go to the palace together, but Singhika only pretends to be happy and persuades Prahlad to enter the fire with her. Aahlad becomes a Lord Shri Vishnu devotee. Hiranyakashipu declares a festival for the fire trial.
Episode 30: Singhika and Prahlad enter the fire. Sinhika burns, Prahlad is protected. Viprachitti in revenge puts Prahlad in an enchanted sleep and throws him into the ocean, but the ocean god protects Prahlad at Goddess Lakshmi's behest. Kayadhu goes to the seashore and pleads with the ocean to return her son.
Episode 31: Goddess Lakshmi asks the ocean god to return Prahlad to Kayadhu; he does so. Shukracharya offers to arrange for Prahlad's demise. He wants to invoke the demoness Kritya and orders his sons Shand and Amark to do so.
Episode 32: Shand and Amark perform the Kritya ceremony. The demoness appears but the Sudarshana Chakra again protects Prahlad, so Kritya kills Shand and Amark instead. Shukracharya is devastated. Prahlad chides Shukracharya for being a bad guru and guiding his father Hiranyakashipu into the path of egotism. Prahlad selflessly prays for Lord Shri Vishnu to revive Shand and Amark and they become his disciples.
Episode 33: Hiranyakashipu decides to kill Prahlad himself. He orders his son to embrace a red hot pillar of iron. Brahma begs Lord Shri Vishnu to do something to overcome the boon. Lord Shri Vishnu appears as Narasimha with the torso of a man and head of a lion, who is both god and man and animal, and kills Hiranyakashipu at twilight, on the threshold of the palace, suspended in air on His thighs, with His bare hands and sharp claws. Brahma, Shiva, Narada and Goddess Lakshmi all fail to calm Narasimha down, but it is Prahlad who succeeds.
Episode 34: Prahlad performs his father's last rites after Aahlad refuses. Prahlad will not let Kayadhu commit sati. Goddess Lakshmi loves Prahlad, but Lord Shri Vishnu loves all his children, even the wicked ones such as Shukracharya.
Prahlad and Virochan (episodes 35-39)
Episode 35: Aahlad refuses the throne. Prahlad, now grown and king, dispenses justice. Shukracharya plans to control Prahlad’s son Virochan.
Episode 36: Shukracharya sends Virochan hunting, although Prahlad does not approve. During a storm, Virochan saves Sudhanva, son of Sage Angira, from a falling tree. Both are hurt and together they seek shelter at the cottage of Sage Vatsa. Both fall in love with the sage's daughter Deepavali.
Episode 37: Prahlad searches the forest and finds his son. Later, both Virochan and Sudhanva return to the hermitage and propose to Deepavali. When she cannot choose, Virochan draws his sword on Sudhanva and abducts Deepavali, taking her to Shukracharya's ashram.
Episode 38: The Saptarishis inform Prahlad of his sons' actions and Prahlad at once rescues Deepavali, standing up to Shukracharya. When neither Deepavali nor her father can decide between the two boys, her father asks Prahlad to make the decision.
Episode 39: Prahlad asks Sudhanva if he minds Prahlad being the judge. Sudhanva accepts. Kayadhu and Prahlad's wife try to convince Prahlad to decide in Virochan's favour, but Prahlad says Virochan was wrong to have used force and that he decides Deepavali should marry Sudhanva. Virochan humbly admits his wrongs. Lord Shri Vishnu and Goddess Lakshmi appear and praise Prahlad.
Vamana Avatara and Mahabali (episodes 40-46)
Episode 40: Kayadhu dies. Prahlad renounces the world and crowns Virochan. Virochan marries Vishalaakshi of the danavas. Shukracharya's father Sage Bhrigu foresees a danger to Virochan. Vishalaakshi gives birth to a son, Bali.
Episode 41: Virochan completes the penance for his safety suggested by Sage Bhrigu and receives from Surya, the sun god, a protective crown. Bali goes to school. Virochan announces that no gods other than Lord Shri Vishnu may be worshipped, angering Indra. Indra's anger worries Lord Shri Vishnu.
Episode 42: While Virochan is travelling alone, Indra tricks him, drugs him, steals his crown and kills him. Bali, now grown, vows revenge on Indra and attacks heaven alone - and is brutally killed by Indra and the devas. Lord Shri Vishnu is furious with Indra and after making him return Bali’s body, breaks his relationship with the Deva’s forever.
Episode 43: Shukracharya brings Bali back to life with the Sanjeevani mantra and requests that in return, Bali bring him Indra's crown. Bali attacks heaven, captures Indra and the other devas, bans their worship and exiles them to earth.
Episode 44: Aditi appeals to her sister Dhriti in vain for forgiveness for the devas. Lakshmi showers Bali with wealth after he worships her. When Bali hears that the devas are being worshipped on earth, he resolves to conquer earth; Shukracharya is thrilled. At Narada's request, Prahlad tries to convince Bali not to attack earth. Lakshmi also appeals to Bali in vain.
Episode 45: Bali invades earth. Aditi begs Lord Shri Vishnu to forgive her sons and fulfill his promise to be born from her womb. Lord Shri Vishnu incarnates as Vamana, a little person. Lord Brahma, Saraswati, Lord Shiva, Kashyap, Brihaspati and the devas attend the birth and bring gifts.
Episode 46: Lord Shri Vishnu explains to Indra that he has incarnated to be a beggar. Shukracharya tries to counter Lord Shri Vishnu's birth by ordering Bali to perform the Ashvamedha sacrifice. Vamana interrupts the yagna and asks Bali for three steps' worth of land. Bali grants the boon. Vamana grows and covers all three worlds in his steps, with the third one stepping on Bali's head and pushing him deep under the world.
Parashurama Avatara and the Kshatriyas (episodes 47-63)
Young Parshuram's determination (episodes 47-52)
Episode 47: Lord Shri Vishnu forgives and blesses Bali. A new story begins. The Brahmins (priests) were supreme in this age and the Kshatriyas (warriors) began to resent this. King Kartavirya Arjuna (Sahasrarjun) strikes Saint Jamdagni's son and is summoned to the sage's court.
Episode 48: The Brahmins make Sahasrarjun apologize. Embarrassed, Sahasrarjun gets together with other kings and forms a plan to steal Sage Jamdagni's cows and stop the state grants to the Brahmins. Lord Shri Vishnu promises Lakshmi that he will protect the weak.
Episode 49: The people provide for the Brahmins. The sages court accuse king Sahasrarjun of the theft of the cows. Angry, Sahasrarjun burns Sage Jamdagni's ashram.... over and over again. Lord Shri Vishnu is born as Parshuram, son of Saint Jamdagni and his wife Renuka.
Episode 50: Saint Jamdagni does not want young Parshuram to learn martial arts, as this is not appropriate for a Brahmin. But Parshuram practices anyway. Parshuram kills four soldiers who chase him into a Shiva temple.
Episode 51: Shiva appears and offers to teach Parshuram for ten years. Sahasrarjun turns on his allies and seizes their kingdoms. Parshuram renounces his caste and sets out for Mount Kailash, where Shiva accepts him as his pupil. Sahasrarjun meets Ravan, fights him, and takes him prisoner.
Episode 52: Sahasrarjun imprisons Ravan after discovering that Ravan can't be killed. Parshuram undergoes ten years of training. At the end, Shiva gifts him pianki bow and an axe. Renuka goes to reason with Sahasrarjun and he traps her in the palace.
Sage Jamdagni's family troubles (episodes 53-57)
Episode 53: Renuka fights off Sahasrarjun, wounding and cursing him. Sahasrarjun's wife wishes she was dead. Jamdagni accuses Renuka of being unfaithful. Renuka's four sons refuse their father's to kill their mother, but Parshuram, arriving home, promises to obey the order before knowing what it is.
Episode 54: Parshuram obeys his father and beheads Renuka. Jamdagni offers him any boon; Parshuram asks for Renuka to be restored to life. Jamdagni asks Renuka for forgiveness. Parshuram confronts Sahasrarjun but does not kill him after Sahasrarjun's wife asks for mercy. Sage Vashistha visits Jamdagni with the gift-giving cow, Sushila, and Anamika, her caregiver.
Episode 55: Sahasrarjun's army attacks the hermitage. Parshuram kills them all and Jamdagni tells him to leave. Sahasrarjun offers Ravan his freedom in exchange for defeating Parshuram; Ravan refuses. Shiva instructs Parshuram to free his devotee Ravan.
Episode 56: Parshuram frees Ravan. Sahasrarjun's army search for Parshurarm without success. Sage Jamdagni forbids the ashram students from joining Parshuram's guerilla army. Anamika offers to spread the word and recruit army members from other ashrams.
Episode 57: In order to be free to go out on her mission, Anamika lies and tells Jamdagni and Renuka that she has married Parshuram. Parshuram is angry. Sahasrarjun's four sons in disguise spy on the ashram and covet Sushila. When they try to take her by force, Jamdagni is finally roused and fights them off. Sage Jamdagni apologizes to Parshuram.
Parshuram's revenge (episodes 58-63)
Episode 58: Sahasrarjun attacks Sage Jamdagni, injuring him and stealing Sushila. Parshuram takes her back from the palace, but Sahasrarjun's sons reach the ashram first and kill Jamdagni. Sahasrarjun asks Sage Vishvamitra to take the Kshatriya side, and is sternly rejected.
Episode 59: Sahasrarjun's queen dies after failing to convince her husband to apologize and end the war. Twenty-one Kshatryia kings join Sahasrarjun; the Brahmins rally to Parshuram. Sahasrarjun's sons plot to kidnap Anamika. Parshuram gives his army a pep talk.
Episode 60: Sahasrarjun's sons attack Renuka and Anamika. Anamika kills herself rather than be used as a hostage. Sahasrarjun sends his sons away for their protection but Parshuram tracks down and kills them one by one.
Episode 61: Parshuram gives his mother Sahasrarjun's sons's heads. She dies unhappy that her son is so vengeful. Sahasrarjun swears vengeance for his sons.
Episode 62: Sahasrarjun tries to draw Parshuram into a trap. Parshuram offers peace in exchange for an apology from Sahasrarjun. Sahasrarjun refuses. Parshuram kills Sahasrarjun.
Episode 63: Parshuram visits Lord Shiva to return his bow. Shiva asks him to give to either Ravan or Janak - both are his devotees. Displeased by Ravan's behaviour, Parshuram leaves without giving him the bow. On the way he meets Shravankumar and his parents. Pleased by his reception at Janak's court, Parshuram gives the bow to Janak.
Rama Avatara and Ravana (episodes 64-120)
Ravana's atrocities, Shravan's death and Dasratha's marriage with Kaikeyi (episodes 64-67)
Episode 64: Dasharatha accidentally kills Shravan while hunting and is cursed by Shravan's blind parents.
Episode 65: Dasharatha goes to help Kaipaya beat off an attack by Ravan. When his charioteer is killed, a young man takes the job. The young man turns out to be the king's daughter, Kaikeyi, in disguise.
Episode 66: Dasharatha defeats Ravan in battle. Kaikeyi saves Dasharatha's life twice, and he offers her two boons that she may have fulfilled any time in the future. Kaikeyi wants to marry Dasharatha and he asks his two queens if they agree.
Episode 67: Dasharatha's guru Sage Vashist arranges the marriage, which takes place. Meanwhile, Ravan continues to persecute sages and Lord Vishnu decides he must incarnate to stop Ravan.
Boons of Ravan & Birth of Ram and Sita (episodes 68-78)
Episode 68: Dasharatha asks Vashisht for help in performing a yagna (sacrifice) to obtain children. Ravan's hordes kill a sage and the blood falls in a field in Janak's kingdom. This causes a famine.
Episode 69: Sage Narada learns a lesson from Lord Shri Vishnu.
Episode 70: Ravan stops his youngest brother Vibhishan from worshipping.
Episode 71: On the advice of his younger brother Kumbhakarna, Ravan performs penance and asks for a boon.
Episode 72: Lord Shri Vishnu asks Goddess Lakshmi to incarnate with him.
Episode 73: Lord Shri Vishnu is born as Ram. Ravan prepares to attack the devas.
Episode 74: Ravan's son Meghnath defeats the devas. Laksmi is born as Sita and is found by Janak as he ploughs the field to stop the famine.
Episode 75: Manthara, Kaikeyi's servant, makes a failed attempt to kill the child Shri Ram. Ravan taunts the captive devas. Dasharatha asks Sage Vashist to undertake the education of his four sons, Ram, Lakshman, Bharat and Shatrughna.
Episode 76: Shri Ram asks Sage Vashista for instruction on religion. Janak invites Sage Gautam to be Sita's teacher.
Episode 77: Sita refuses to be taught by Gautam, because Gautam had unjustly turned his wife Ahalya to stone.
Ram wins Sita (episodes 78-86)
Episode 78: .The narrator, Dharti Ma, recaps Lord Shri Vishnu's incarnations so far.
Episode 79:The four brothers finish their education. Sage Vishwamitra's sacrifices are being disturbed by Taraka, a yaksha demoness
Episode 80:Dasharatha offers to send his army against Taraka, but Sage Vishwamitra asks for Ram alone. But Lakshman, who is inseparable from Ram, goes too.
Episode 81:Taraka attacks Ram with magic; he has to use celestial weapons to kill her and her sons Subahu and Marich.
Episode 82: Janak invites Sage Vishwamitra to Sita's swayamvara. Vishwamitra brings Ram and Lakshman along. Ram releases Ahalya from Gautam's curse.
Episode 83: Janak imposes a condition on the swayamvara; only those who can lift Shiva's bow will be eligible. Sage Vishvamitra decides to take Ram and Lakshman to the swayamvara.
Episode 84:Ram and Sita meet in a flower meadow and are smitten. Sita prays to Goddess Gauri. Gauri promises Sita that Ram will be her husband.
Episode 85: Ravan goes to the swayamvara and fails to lift the bow. Ram lifts it easily.
Episode 86:Parshuram is aware of the bow being moved and comes to confront Ram. He is appeased by Lakshman who explains Ram respects Lord Shiva. Wedding preparations begin.
The plot against Ram (episodes 87-97)
Episode 87: Keikeyi is thrilled about the wedding but Manthara is not. Sage Vishwamitra proposes that Sita's three sisters - Urmila, Mandavi and Shrutakirti marry Ram's three brothers - Lakshman, Bharat and Shatrughn respectively.
Episode 88: The quadruple wedding takes place and the couples return to Dasharatha's capital, Ayodhya.
Episode 89: Keikeyi is thrilled to see her son Bharat with his wife Mandavi. Manthara opposes Keikeyi's plan to gift her own jewellery to Sita. Dasharatha wants to retire and crown Ram king. Ram thinks Bharat would be a better choice.
Episode 90: Bharat is summoned to visit Keikeyi's parents, who are ill. The court decides Ram should be king.
Episode 91: Manthara tells Keikeyi that if Ram is crowned instead of Bharat, Keikeyi will be badly treated.
Episode 92: Manthara urges Keikeyi to use her two unfulfilled boons to prevent Ram's coronation.
Episode 93: Keikeyi asks Dasharath to fulfill her two boons by (1) crowning Bharat and (2) sending Ram into exile for 14 years. Dasharatha is devastated.
Episode 94: Dasharath begs Ram to seize the crown anyway, but Ram says as a dutiful son he must help his father keep his promises. Ram asks Keikeyi to bless him.
Episode 95: Sita resolves to accompany Ram into exile. Queen Sumitra wants to persuade Keikeyi to take back her requests, but queen Kaushalya agrees that it is vital to keep a promise.
Episode 96: Lakshman also resolves to accompany Ram into exile. Ram, Sita and Lakshman change into renunciant's clothes.
Episode 97: Lakshman asks his wife Urmila to stay behind so that Lakshman can wholly devote himself to serving Ram. It is a sorrowful parting.
Ram goes into exile; Bharat's grief (episodes 98-106)
Episode 98: Dasharatha tries to convince Sita and Lakshman to stay behind. Ram promises Keikeyi that he will prevent anyone from rebelling against Bharat as king. Dasharatha never wants to see Keikeyi again.
Episode 99: Shri Ram leaves and meets a friend, Nishadraj Guha, who helps the three cross the river. Bharat and Shatraghun start for home from the palace of Keikeyi's parents. Dasharatha sends his prime minister Sumant to bring Ram back.
Episode 100: Shri Ram refuses Sumant's pleas to return. Lord Shiva explains Ram and Dasharatha's actions to Parvati.
Episode 101: Dasharatha dies of grief. Bharat and Shatrughan arrive home and are devastated to hear of their brothers' exile and their father's death. Bharat refuses the crown and decides to bring Ram back.
Episode 102: Bharat finds out his mother and Manthara engineered the whole plot and is devastated. At Sage Vashishth's request, Bharat conducts his father's funeral.
Episode 103: Devi Sita has a bad dream about Ayodhaya. Keikeyi feels guilty for Dasharatha's death. Sumant obeys Dasharatha's last wish and bars Keikeyi from the funeral.
Episode 104: Keikeyi mourns. Shri Ram, Devi Sita and Lakshman visit Sage Bhardwaj at Prayag, the confluence of the three sacred rivers: Ganges, Yamuna and Saraswati.
Episode 105: Bharat asks Keikeyi to come with him in search of Shri Ram. Devi Sita's father Janak hears all the news, including that Bharat has gone after Ram and taken the army. Janak heads after them.
Episode 106: Shri Ram, Devi Sita and Lakshman visit Sage Valmiki, who is writing Ram's life story, in Chitrakoot. Lakshman sees Bharat's army and fears at attack. Ram has perfect faith in Bharat's good intentions.
Episode 107: Bharat tells Shri Ram that Dasharatha has died. But Shri Ram insists on keeping his father's promise and refuses to return. Bharat promises to rule as regent only and takes Ram's sandals to place on the throne.
Episode 108: The demi-god vulture Jatayu directs Shri Ram to a dwelling place at Panchavati. Ravan's sister Surpanakha visits her brothers Khar, Dhushan and Trishira who live in a nearby forest. Ram kills some rakshasa demons when he finds them harassing some sages. Curious about this powerful human, Surpanakha visits Panchavati and is smitten with Ram.
Episode 109: A jealous Surpanakha attacks Devi Sita and an angry Lakshman cuts off Surpanakha's nose. Surpanakha returns with her brothers Khar, Dhushan and Trishira and Ram and Lakshman kill all three. Surpanakha tells Ravan who vows revenge and is furious and decides to attack Ram. Ravan asks the magical rakshasa Maricha, whom Ram saved earlier, to help.
Episode 110: Maricha turns into a golden deer and lures Ram far away, trying to catch it for Devi Sita. Maricha then calls for help and Sita, hearing, sends Lakshman. Devi Sita is now alone and Ravan abducts her, killing Jatayu. As Ravan flies through the air, Devi Sita throw down her jewellery.
Episode 111: At Ravan's island kingdom, Lanka, Devi Sita is kept prisoner by Trijata and other demons in a grove. Surpanakha is thrilled, but Ravan's mother and others warn Ravan this will cause trouble. Ram and Lakshman search for Devi Sita.
Episode 112: Ram blesses Shabari, an untouchable saint.
Episode 113:Sugreev, a prince of the Vanar kingdom, and Hanuman, a powerful vanar who is the son of the Wind God Vayu, find Devi Sita's jewellery and show it to Ram.
Episode 114: Sugreev tells his story: he left his brother king Bali who was fighting an asura in a cave, truly thinking that Bali was dead, and took the throne as regent until Bali's son Angad grew up. However, Bali was not dead, and returned angry, beating up Sugreev. Ram kills Bali for his wrong actions. A grateful Sugreev orders his army to find Devi Sita.
Episode 115:Angad, Hanuman and their friend the bear king Jambavantha meet Jatayu's brother Sampaati, who tells them Devi Sita is across the sea in Lanka. Hanuman leaps over the ocean and locates Devi Sita and be friends with Vibhishan. Ravan gives Devi Sita a deadline: marry him in one month or she will be forced.
Battle with Ravan (episodes 116-120)
Episode 116: Ravan's youngest son Akshaykumar attacks Hanuman and is killed. Meghnad takes Hanuman prisoner. Ravan sets Hanuman's tail on fire. Hanuman burns the city of Lanka to the ground.
Episode 117: Hanuman tells Ram about Ravan's deadline. Ram, Lakshman and Sugreev's army reach the seashore. Vibhishan advises Ravan to return Devi Sita, and Ravan throws Vibhishan out. Vibhishan joins Ram and tells him how to cross the sea. The monkey brothers Neel and Nal build a bridge Ram sends Angad as an ambassador to Ravan, in case there is a way to avert war.
Episode 118: Angad successfully stands up to Ravan but Ravan will not make peace. The war begins. Meghnad injures Lakshman with a celestial weapon and Hanuman fetches the Sanjeevani herb - along with the entire mountain that it's growing on - to cure Lakshman. Kumbhakarna advises Ravan to return Sita, but goes out to fight when Ravan refuses. Ram kills Kumbhakarna.
Episode 119: Lord Shiva tells the birth story of Hanuman to Goddess Parvati.
Episode 120: Meghnad prays to Lord Shiva for a boon, but does not receive it as Hanuman interrupts him. Lakshman kills Meghnad. Ram treats Meghnad's body with honour and returns it to Lanka. Ravan and Shri Ram have their ultimate confrontation. Ram reveals he incarnated to stop Ravan's atrocities. Vibhishan tells Ram the secret of killing Ravan, who can regrow new heads - shoot his navel instead. Ram kills Ravan. The 14 years are up and Vibhishan, now king of Lanka, lends Shri Ram, Devi Sita and Lakshman his flying chariot so they can return to Ayodhya on the correct day and not worry Bharat. The exiles joyously return to Ayodhya and Bharat.
Krishna Avatara (episodes 121-124)
Episode 121: Mother Earth concludes that whenever she was riddled with sinners, whenever the human race was endangered - the creator of the Universe, the God incarnated Himself. She summarizes the 10 incarnation of Vishnu beginning with the incident of Jaya and Vijaya, who due to a curse were born twice as demons and became enemies of the God. and the God had incarnated Himself as Varaha, Narasimha and Sri Rama to slay Hiranyaksha, Hiranyakashipu, Kumbhakarna and Ravana. In the form of Kansa, Kalanemi (son of Hiranyaksha) has spread terror in Mathura. The tyrant Kansa had fixed his sister Devaki's marriage with his friend Vasudeva. He is informed that God of death was waiting for this union as Devaki's eighth son will kill him through a heavenly voice. He imprisons his sister and brother-in-law so that he could kill their sons and prove the prediction wrong or false. Kansa kills Devaki's six sons, but Vasudeva's first wife Rohini took away their seventh son, who later came to be known as Balarama. Lord Krishna is born as the eighth son. Vasudeva shifts Krishna to Gokul to his friend Nanda overnight to save his child and switching their baby in Krishna's place. Kansa goes to prison to kill the baby and now the baby slips out of Kansa's hand and reveals herself as goddess Yogamaya, stating that it is useless to kill her as Vasudeva and Devaki's true child is safe in Gokula and says to Kansa that his end is inevitable. Kansa sends Demon queen Putana to kill Krishna. Child Krishna sucks out her life. Lord Krishna as child performs leelas with cowherd friends, one of many being Krishna dancing on the snake Kaliya. Kansa goes through repeated nightmares. Krishna kills Kansa's elephant Kuwaliyapeed. Krishna appears in various forms in Rangshala. One time Kansa's messenger Akroora (a righteous person) invites Krishna and Balarama for a duel with Kansa, where Krishna and Balarama kills Chanda and Mushtika respectively (Kamsa's bodyguards). Krishna kills Kansa after a prolong battle to free his parents from prison. Krishna recrowns Ugrasena (Kansa's father) as king of Mathura. During Yudhishthira's Rajasuya Yagna at Indraprastha, Shishupala started teasing the people over there, stating Krishna had married 16,100 women who already had a husband before, Bhima for marrying a rakshasi (demoness) Hidimbi, Bhishma for abducting the princess of Kashi and destroying a woman's (Amba) life and also he accused Pandu for killing a sage. Krishna is the one who got too much insults from Shishupala, and once his promise to his aunt (that he would not punish Shishupala until or otherwise he does 100 mistakes) was over, he spinned his Sudharshana Chakra to slice off (behead) Shishupala's head. Before all these incidents he also killed Dantavakra, Shishupala and Krishna's another cousin. Shishupala and Dantavakra were the last incarnation of Jaya and Vijaya (respectively) and they were freed from their curse when Krishna killed them.
Episode 122: Using the scenes from previous volumes, this episode summarizes Lord Vishnu's ten Incarnations. The first incarnation was as a fish to protect Manu and to punish the demon Hayagriva (not to be confused with Hayagriva god) who had stolen the four Vedas that Brahma had created for the welfare of mankind. Angered with the slaying of Hayagriva, demon Hiranyaksha kidnapped Mother Earth thus endangering the entire human race. This necessitated Vishnu's third incarnation as a Boar. He killed Hiranyaksha and rescued Mother Earth. The menace of demons was increasing specially after their Guru Shukracharya had gained the precious mantra from Shiva for giving new life to dead demons. To grant immortality to gods, it was decided to derive elixir by churning the ocean. To raise a mountain from the sea for churning, the Lord Vishnu took the incarnation of a Turtle. To avenge the death of his brother, demon Hiranyakashipu gained a boon from Brahma which made his death almost impossible. He banned the devotion of Vishnu on earth and compelled people, including his son, to worship him. To end his atrocities Lord Vishnu made his son Prahlad as his ardent devotee. Hiranyakashipu used various methods to get his son killed. Lord Vishnu took the incarnation of Narasimha to destroy him. To end the arrogance of King Bali, Lord Vishnu took the Vaman Avtar - His fifth incarnation. When Kings began forgetting their duty as administrator and were closing down hermitages and schools then Lord Vishnu incarnated Himself as Parshuram and then the seventh incarnation as Rama. To relieve the world from the injustice of Kans and Kauravas Lord Vishnu took the eighth incarnation as Lord Krishna. And in recent times, when deception was at its zenith when the priests had spread the evils of superstitions in the society, the Lord Vishnu took the ninth incarnation - of Lord Gautama Buddha - to give a new direction of non-violence to the world. Whereas Balarama is worshiped in southern regions of India as the eight avatar, with Krishna as ninth, in distinction to north India, where Krishna is worshiped as eighth and Balaram is not included as an avatar. The present era is called Kali Yuga. In Srimad Bhagvadam the great Sage Vyasa has said that in the final phase of Kali Yuga, Lord Vishnu shall reincarnate Himself as Kalki. Thus concludes the sacred Vishnupuran.
Episode 123: This episode uses several important scenes from Dr. B.R. Chopra's Mahabharat TV serial to depict the importance of women in the Indian mythology. It deals with Rukmini's marriage to Krishna which highlights a woman's right to have a major say in the selection of her life partner. It also covers the story of Subhadra's abduction by Arjuna with the help of Lord Krishna.
Episode 124: This last episode also uses material from Mahabharat TV serial. It describes about the boon that was granted by Krishna to Shishupala and the death of Shishupala at Yudhishthira's Rajasuya Yagna at Indraprastha. It also shows the Bhagavad-Gita narration. Krishna drives Arjuna to the middle of the battlefield in his chariot. Arjuna sees the men on the battlefield and tells Krishna, "Winning a kingdom after killing one's own kin is too heavy a price to pay. I prefer to be a beggar if this is the price I have to pay for our throne." Krishna's teaching to Arjuna at the battlefield forms the basis of the Bhagavad Gita. Unable to satisfy Arjuna's hopeless conscience, Krishna grants divine eyesight to Arjuna and stuns him with his Viśvarūpa (divine manifestation). Arjuna is consoled and enlightened. He understands that the pure seek the spirit while the impure are trapped in Prakriti (Matter). He agrees to do his duty selflessly, lifts his Gandiva bow and prepares to fight the Kauravas.
Cast
Prahlad
Reception
Even though Vishnu Puran did not prove to be as successful as Mahabharat but it did become popular. Within a year, the series finished with the Vamana Avatara and The Hindu review said, "This lovely serial really overwhelmed us." By March 2001, it was consistently in Zee's top 10 ratings. By January 2003, it had completed 78 episodes with 100 more planned and was in the top 20 list. And for the week of July 13–19, 2003, it was in the top 5 for all homes, airing on Doordarshan National (DD1). | db4e087d-7a29-4f4c-9c2a-38d1bacf60a1 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traigu%C3%A9n"} | City and Commune in Araucanía, Chile
Traiguén (Spanish pronunciation: [tɾajˈɣen]) is a Chilean city and commune in the Malleco Province, Araucanía Region.
Demographics
According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Traiguén spans an area of 908 km2 (351 sq mi) and has 19,534 inhabitants (9,734 men and 9,800 women). Of these, 14,140 (72.4%) lived in urban areas and 5,394 (27.6%) in rural areas. Between the 1992 and 2002 censuses, the population fell by 5.3% (1,088 persons).
Administration
As a commune, Traiguén is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The 2012-2016 alcalde is Luis Alvarez (Ind.).And The municipal council 2012-2016 has the following members:
Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Traiguén is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by Gonzalo Arenas (UDI) and Mario Venegas (PDC) as part of the 48th electoral district, together with Angol, Renaico, Collipulli, Ercilla, Los Sauces, Purén and Lumaco. The commune is represented in the Senate by Alberto Espina Otero (RN) and Jaime Quintana Leal (PPD) as part of the 14th senatorial constituency (Araucanía-North).
Climate
Education
Previously the area had a German school, the Deutsche Schule Traiguén. | c3ce29ef-9683-4579-a3fc-283753a81a9d |
null | The Burkitt Medal is awarded annually by the British Academy "in recognition of special service to Biblical Studies". Awards alternate between Hebrew Bible studies (odd years) and New Testament studies (even years). It was established in 1923 and has been awarded to many notable theologians. It is named in honour of Francis Crawford Burkitt.
List of recipients
The first recipient of the Burkitt medal was R. H. Charles (1925). Below is a full list of recipients:
1925–1999
2000s
2010s
2020s | 7485729c-afe1-4aeb-bc62-57b670434acb |
null | Japanese footballer
Shuhei Akasaki (赤﨑 秀平, Akasaki Shūhei, born 1 September 1991) is a Japanese football forward who currently plays for Nankatsu SC.
Career
Kashima Antlers
Akasaki joined the Kashima Antlers on loan from Tsukuba University on 17 April 2013. Two days after his loan expired, the Antlers signed Akasaki on a free transfer. Akasaki spent two and a half years more at the club, scoring 23 goals in 92 appearances.
Gamba Osaka
On 12 March 2017, Akasaki was loaned out to Gamba Osaka. In the time he spent there, Akasaki scored 2 goals in 19 appearances.
Kawasaki Frontale
On 1 February 2018, Akasaki moved to Kawasaki Frontale on a free transfer.
Career statistics
Updated to 21 February 2019.
1Includes Suruga Bank Championship, J. League Championship and FIFA Club World Cup appearances.
Honours
Kashima Antlers | 8846c957-4ce8-4ad8-b13a-0675ef3a9e2b |
null | Fernando Sylvan (Díli, 26 August 1917—Cascais, 25 December 1993) was a poet and a writer from East Timor.
He spent almost all his life in Portugal. The distance between Portugal and Timor didn't prevent him writing about the traditions, the legends and the folklore of his homeland. He is considered among the greatest writers in Portuguese and he was a member and the president of the Sociedade de Língua Portuguesa. | 5c574af7-f4bf-46f0-9fd9-3b7a3407580d |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diana_Loba%C4%8Devsk%C4%97"} | Lithuanian long-distance runner
Diana Lobačevskė (Diana Maciusonytė, born 7 August 1980 in Vilnius) is a Lithuanian long-distance runner who specialises in marathon and half marathon races.
Her marathon personal record is 2:28:03. She represented her country in the marathon at the 2012 Summer Olympics and the 2011, 2013 World Championships in Athletics and 2016 Summer Olympics. She won the Hamburg Marathon in 2013 and the Mexico City Marathon in 2016.
Career
Lobačevskė started out as a track runner and in 1998 she represented her country in the 3000 metres at the 1998 World Junior Championships in Athletics. The following year she placed sixth in the 5000 metres at the 1999 European Athletics Junior Championships held in Riga. In her final international outing in the younger age categories, she finished 13th in the 10,000 metres at the 2001 European Athletics U23 Championships.
She stopped competing in athletics at the top level after 2001 and attended Vilnius Pedagogical University. She returned to competition in 2005, in road races for Beaumont Running Club in Leicester, and in 2008 moved up to the marathon distance and she won both the Vilnius Marathon and Leicester City Marathon that year. She was the fastest woman not entered as an elite athlete at the 2009 London Marathon, setting a personal best of 2:38:26 hours for the distance. That year she also took the Vilnius Half Marathon title (with a new best of 74:09 minutes) and improved her time to 2:35:06 at the Venice Marathon, placing ninth. In 2011, she repeated her Vilnius win and dipped under two and half hours at the Italian Marathon, coming runner-up to Hellen Wanjiku Mugo with a run of 2:28:03 hours.
Lobačevskė returned to the national team in 2011. After a relatively slow 2:40:17 finish at the Vienna Marathon, she came 20th at the European Cup 10000m and set a new best of 33:35.23 minutes for the 10,000 metres event. In Latvia she won the Kuldīga Half Marathon that year. She represented Lithuania at the 2011 World Championships in Athletics, finishing in 25th place in the marathon. Her fastest marathon of the year came at the Beirut Marathon, where she was fourth with 2:34:16 hours.
She raced again at the European Cup 10000m and clocked an improvement of 33:22.47 minutes. She was selected for the Lithuanian Olympic team for the 2012 London Olympics and had the second sub-2:30 run of her career, taking 28th place in 2:29:32. The start of 2013 saw her win her first major race: she topped the podium at the Hamburg Marathon and took the women's title in a time of 2:29:17 hours.
Achievements | 1ef1cc10-42a2-4147-bca5-b3d3bab0f40a |
null | What We Become may refer to:
Topics referred to by the same term | df1b2f53-3894-438c-a84b-0836dbfba657 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lepidodactylus_herrei"} | Species of lizard
Lepidodactylus herrei, known commonly as the Negros scaly-toed gecko or the white-lined smooth-scaled gecko, is a species of gecko, a lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is endemic to the Philippines.
Etymology
The specific name, herrei, is in honor of American ichthyologist Albert William Herre.
Geographic range
In the Philippines L. herrei is found on the islands of Cebu and Negros.
Reproduction
L. herrei is oviparous.
Subspecies
Including the nominotypical subspecies, there are two subspecies which are recognized as being valid. | f370b475-c766-4716-b09c-6f4f6e9abf78 |
null | The 34th General Assembly of Nova Scotia represented Nova Scotia between 1906 and 1911.
The Liberal Party led by George Henry Murray formed the government.
Edward Matthew Farrell was named speaker.
The assembly was dissolved on May 15, 1911.
List of Members
Notes: | 1e73853d-111d-4de5-a6bc-ef2533dfeefe |
null | Bai Estelita Tumandan Bantilan (born Labnai Tumndan on October 17, 1940) is a Filipino textile weaver from the municipality of Malapatan, Sarangani. She is credited with creating "some of the biggest, most subtly beautiful mats to be seen anywhere in Southeast Asia." She was given the National Living Treasure Award by the Philippines through the National Commission for Culture and the Arts in 2016.
Bantilan opened a mat weaving center in Malapatan to preserve and promote the tradition of Blaan weaving. | 291fb9f4-4a24-4dda-9821-a16d2763a868 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piallamore,_New_South_Wales"} | Town in New South Wales, Australia
Piallamore is a small outer suburb of Tamworth located about 15 km South-East of the city. It is located within the Parry County Cadastral division of New South Wales in the New England region. At the 2016 census, Piallamore had a population of 261 people.
Piallamore was first settled on the gently sloping hills at the base of the Moonbi Range and spread out to the fertile Peel River flats.
Facilities/Services
Notes and references | 56097450-2011-444b-b74b-0470fa2f8ebe |
null | Sheikh Ibrahim Mudayris, also spelled Mdeiras, is a Palestinian imam. He has a close following in the city of Gaza; indeed a live sermon by him was broadcast on official Palestinian Authority Television on 21 March 2003 from Sheikh Ijlin Mosque in Gaza. An Islamist, in this famous sermon he said "Oh Muslims! Wake up from your slumber! It is your faith that is under attack!" and said that "America will be annihilated". | 18583dad-b704-4fca-8257-6c680279c190 |
null | Species of moth
Thyrocopa megas is a moth of the family Xyloryctidae. It was first described by Lord Walsingham in 1907. It is endemic to the Hawaiian islands of Oahu and Maui.
The length of the forewings is about 13–18 mm. Adults are on wing at least from March to October. The ground color of the forewings is very light whitish brown with some brown scales. The discal area has several poorly defined, brownish spots in the cell. The hindwings are very light whitish brown. The fringe is almost white. | 238abc07-20ce-4744-90c7-a837244576c4 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dean_Edward_Johnson"} | Dean Johnson (born July 15, 1950) is an American attorney, television personality and academic.
Background
Johnson was born in Atlanta, Georgia. He graduated first in his class from Broadmoor High School in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. He earned a National Merit Scholarship to Yale University and graduated from Yale in 1972 with a Bachelor of Arts in Mathematics and Philosophy. He earned the Master of Arts and Master of Philosophy degrees from Columbia University where he was a National Science Foundation Fellow and Faculty Fellow. He was awarded a Root-Tilden Fellowship to the New York University School of Law. He earned his J.D. degree from NYU 1980.
Johnson practices law in California. He is a former San Mateo County, California homicide prosecutor. He is now in private practice. Johnson is also the Legal Analyst for ABC-7 News in San Francisco and a permanent member of the adjunct faculty of School of Business and Management of Notre Dame DeNamur University in Belmont, California.
Media
Johnson first became known as a TV personality when he was asked to comment on the Scott Peterson murder case. During the Peterson case, Johnson was a regular guest on MSNBC, CNN's American Morning and Fox's Big Story. Johnson is currently the legal analyst for ABC-7 News in San Francisco, California. He has commented on national legal affairs including Supreme Court nominations, same sex marriage, warrantless wiretaps, the death penalty, abortion and the legalization of marijuana. Johnson has covered a number of high-profile cases, including the Scott Peterson trial, the Michael Jackson trial, the Martha Stewart trial and the Barry Bonds case, the Rush Limbaugh case, the Kobe Bryant case, the Proposition 8 ("Same Sex Marriage") trial and appeal, the Hewlett-Packard Criminal investigation, and the iPhone theft investigation. Johnson is a frequent guest on radio and on network TV. His comments on legal affairs have also appeared in The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, the San Francisco Chronicle, the San Jose Mercury News, The Baltimore Sun, and People magazine.
Academia
Johnson currently teaches at Notre Dame DeNamur University in Belmont, California, where he is a lecturer and permanent member of the adjunct faculty of the Graduate School of Business and Management. Johnson teaches a popular course entitled Game Theory, Negotiation and Strategic Decision Making. The course is an outgrowth of Johnson's lifelong study of the science of game theory and decision making. Johnson first became interested in game theory as an undergraduate student in mathematics at Yale. Heavily influenced by Mancur Olson's The Logic of Collective Action, he began to apply game theory in the study of political science during his graduate studies at Columbia. Later, as a practicing lawyer, Johnson began using game theory to analyze litigation and negotiation strategy. Johnson's teaching and academic work focuses on the application of game theory and, more recently, behavioral economics in the analysis of negotiations and strategic decisions generally. Johnson's study of negotiation and decision making suggests that current theories under-emphasized role of persuasion in obtaining optimal, stable outcomes. As a result, Johnson has developed his own approach negotiation, sometimes called the Advocacy Theory of Negotiation.
Law practice
Johnson maintains a private practice in Redwood City, California. His practice includes criminal defense as well as civil litigation. Johnson recently defended one of the largest criminal cases to arise out of the sub-prime mortgage crisis, obtaining a settlement of nine separate felony prosecutions in exchange for a short jail sentence and electronic home monitoring for his client. One judge called the case "unique in the history of California jurisprudence." The case was the subject of a front page feature article in The Wall Street Journal. Representing a high school student in a child pornography trial, Johnson recently obtained a judgment of acquittal before the jury was selected. Johnson also obtained a dismissal for a young man from Lebanon who was accused of sexual assault. Johnson's client, who was planning to marry his American fiancée, had been facing six years in State Prison followed by deportation back to the Middle East. Johnson was a prosecutor in the San Mateo County District Attorney's Office for 15 years. He prosecuted white collar crime as a member of the Consumer Fraud Unit. He was the County's top narcotics prosecutor for three years during which his cases included the trial of the County's first meth lab case, and a prosecution of a member of the Colombian Drug Cartel. He became a homicide prosecutor when one City in San Mateo County - East Palo Alto- was known as the "homicide capital of America" and often tried back-to-back homicide trials.
Personal life
Johnson is a martial artist, mountaineer and stand-up comedian. Johnson began climbing in Yosemite National Park in the 1980s. By 1994, he had summited several of the highest mountains in South America, including Aconcagua. In 1994, he was invited to join an American Expedition to Mount Everest. Johnson began studying the martial arts at the age of 4. He holds the black belt, or equivalent, in four martial arts. He was awarded the black belt in Japanese Ju-Jitsu by combat. He is one of the few persons outside Thailand to be licensed as an instructor in art of Muay Thai. Currently, Johnson practices Gracie Jiu-Jitsu and is a personal student of Charles Gracie. Johnson is a graduate of the San Francisco Comedy College and has performed at the San Jose Improv and other venues in the San Francisco Bay Area. Johnson lives in Redwood City, California with his wife, criminal defense attorney Linda Bramy and their two German Shepherds, Linnloch's Prince Charming aka "Jake" and Linnloch's Fire and Ice, PT, HT aka "DeeDee." | 28bab802-8c75-47f0-b0b6-173a5b91d053 |
null | United States historic place
Aetna Diner, also known as Comet Diner, Hog River Grille, and Dishes, is a historic diner located at 267 Farmington Avenue in the Asylum Hill neighborhood of Hartford, Connecticut. Built in 1947 by Paramount Diners and assembled in 1948, the diner was prefabricated from stainless steel. Aetna Diner was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2021.
Description and history
Manufactured in Haledon, New Jersey, the prefabricated diner car was transported by truck to Hartford in three sections, placed on a concrete basement foundation on the corner of Farmington Avenue and Laurel Street, and bolted together. Original owners Gus and Helen Vlecides ran the Aetna Diner for four decades. Built in the "streamliner" deluxe style and more than 32 feet wide with 32 booths in three rows and a back bar with 25-stool counter, the diner became known for hosting dinners and dances. Eddie Fisher, Zsa Zsa Gabor and Telly Savalas ate there, and the owners catered events for Governor Ella Grasso.
Starting in 1984, the diner went through a series of renter and name changes. It had an eight-year run as the Comet followed by eight years as the Oasis and short-lived eras as the Hog River Grille, Mississippi Bar and Grille, and Dishes Restaurant through the early 2000s. The diner has remained vacant since Dishes closed. The building and parking lot are privately owned. | 9d51eb07-c398-4a43-9d64-4cd1817b3754 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uluvaneri"} | Place in Northern Province, Sri Lanka
Uluvaneri is a small town in Sri Lanka. It is located within Northern Province. | 6d483aed-3405-41a6-a3e4-7ce912048678 |
null | English cricketer
Alison Barbara Ratcliffe (born 10 October 1934) is an English former cricketer who played as a right-handed batter and right-arm leg break bowler. She appeared in four Test matches for England in 1960 and 1961, all against South Africa. She mainly played domestic cricket for Kent, as well as one match for East Anglia. | 862f5d03-dc61-4e29-aa2e-20866d345655 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segunda_Divis%C3%A3o"} | Football league
The Segunda Divisão Portuguesa (English: Portuguese Second Division) was a football league situated at the third level of the Portuguese football league system. The division had previously been the second level of the Portuguese pyramid but, with the creation of the Segunda Liga in 1990–91, it became the third level. The competition merged with the Terceira Divisão at the end of the 2012–13 to form a new enlarged third level league, the Campeonato Nacional de Seniores.
Format
In its last season, the league was split into three zonal divisions: Norte (North), Centro (Centre) and Sul (South). Each division was made up of 16 teams. The winners of each division were promoted.
The three regional divisions were the usual format of the league, but definition of the tier championship varied: Sometimes it was an elimination tournament with a final, and other times a final round-robin of the regional division winners. Other times there would be no single champion, and all three regional winners would be promoted without playing a final. This last option was used once the Segunda Divisão was no longer the actual second tier.
Seasons - League Tables
List of champions
Second-tier League: 1935–1990
Third-tier League: 1990–2013
Performances by club
Note: Years in italics indicate that the team was one of three declared Segunda Divisão champions. | 86d34d04-6d4e-4027-a461-fc21dc5c3e51 |
null | Scottish netball player
Kelly Boyle (born 11 May 1996) is a Scottish netball player who plays for Scotland and for Sirens Netball club in the positions of wing attack or center. She made her World Cup debut for Scotland during the 2019 Netball World Cup.
She studied at University of the West of Scotland, graduating with a BSc in Sport Coaching in 2018. | 17f78aee-bdb1-4d1f-b0fa-6aa2f76f2c20 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodbrane"} | Coordinates: 50°24′35″N 4°29′08″W / 50.40977°N 4.48544°W / 50.40977; -4.48544
Bodbrane is an ancient farmstead hamlet in southeast Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated about three miles (5 km) south of Liskeard in the civil parish of Duloe.
History
Bodbrane is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 (with the placename Bodbran) and two dozen people are named including Godric the Priest.
In 1558 the manor at Bodbrane was held by John Arundel. However, in 1814, it was recorded that:
The manor of Bodbrane, which belonged to the Arundells of Lanherne, is now the property, by a late purchase, of Mr. Joseph Grigg.
John Grigg
In 1854, John Grigg became a notable émigré from Bodbrane. According to the Dictionary of New Zealand Biography:
His father died when John was about 16 or 17, and on inheriting the property, Bodbrane, he became responsible for providing for his stepmother and siblings. He had met and fallen in love with Martha Maria Vercoe; when she emigrated to New Zealand with her family, John Grigg decided to follow. After two years of negotiations he sold Bodbrane, and left for Australia on the Blackwall in 1854, arriving in New Zealand before the end of the year.
Grigg began farming in New Zealand at Longbeach (south of Christchurch) and his family farm the same estate to this day. In 1882, Longbeach farm supplied some of the first shipment of frozen meat to England. | e6455f87-197b-4e43-a7e8-186cb3c4f805 |
null | Single-species extinct genus of moths
Moleropterix is an extinct genus of small primitive metallic moths within the family Micropterigidae, containing one species, Moleropterix kalbei. It is described from a well-preserved forewing of the Fur Formation of the earliest Eocene (Early Ypresian) of Denmark. | 533df42a-f126-45d1-b983-68f3ca119bdf |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E.ON"} | Holding company
E.ON SE is a European multinational electric utility company based in Essen, Germany. It runs one of the world's largest investor-owned electric utility service providers. The name comes from the Latin word aeon, from the Greek aion which means age. The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index, DAX stock index and a member of the Dow Jones Global Titans 50 index.
It operates in over 30 countries and has over 33 million customers. Its chief executive officer is Leonhard Birnbaum.
E.ON was created in 2000 through the merger of VEBA and VIAG.
In 2016, it separated its conventional power generation and energy trading operations into a new company, Uniper, while retaining retail, distribution and nuclear operations. E.ON sold its stake in Uniper through a stock market listing and sold the remaining stock to the Finnish utility Fortum.
In March 2018, it was announced that E.ON would acquire the utility portion of renewable energy utility Innogy through a complex €43 billion asset swap deal between E.ON, Innogy and RWE. The deal was approved by the EU antitrust authorities in September 2019, with final execution taking place in July 2020.
In 2019, E.ON became the first of the "Big Six" UK power companies to switch all of its British electricity customers entirely to renewable electricity. However the company still owns coal power in Turkey.
In 2020, E.ON UK announced that it would be migrating customers over to a new subsidiary brand called E.ON Next. E.ON Next also has two million migrated customers from commercial energy firm npower Business Solutions and Powershop after acquiring both companies.
History
E.ON came into existence in 2000 through the merger of energy companies VEBA and VIAG (Vereinigte Industrieunternehmungen AG, "United Industrial Enterprises Corporation"). In the United Kingdom, Powergen was acquired by E.ON in January 2002. In 2003 E.ON entered the gas market through the €10.3 billion acquisition of Ruhrgas (later: E.ON Ruhrgas). E.ON Ruhrgas was represented in more than 20 countries in Europe.
E.ON also acquired Sydkraft in Sweden and OGK-4 (now: Unipro) in Russia. Sydkraft, Powergen, and OGK-4 were rebranded to E.ON Sverige, E.ON UK, and E.ON Russia respectively. In the United States, E.ON inherited Louisville, Kentucky-based Louisville Gas & Electric Energy, via the acquisition of Powergen, and operated it as E.ON US, until 2010, when E.ON US was sold to Pennsylvania-based PPL for $7.625 billion. The sale was closed on 1 November 2010, with E-ON US becoming LG&E and KU Energy.
E.ON attempted to acquire Endesa in 2006, however this acquisition was overtaken by a joint bid from Italian utility Enel in conjunction with Spanish company Acciona. E.ON acquired about €10 billion of assets that the enlarged Enel was required to divest under EU competition rulings.
In July 2009, the European Commission fined GDF Suez and E.ON €553 million each over arrangements on the MEGAL pipeline. It was the second biggest fine imposed by the European Commission and the first in the energy sector. In 1975, Ruhrgas and Gaz de France concluded a deal according to which they agreed not to sell gas in each other's home market. The deal was abandoned in 2005.
In 2009, E.ON and RWE established an equally owned joint venture Horizon Nuclear Power to develop around 6,000 MWe of new nuclear capacity in the United Kingdom by 2025 at the Wylfa and Oldbury sites. However, in March 2012 E.ON and RWE announced they were pulling out of the project due to difficult financial conditions.
In August 2011, the company announced a possible loss of 10,000 of its 85,600 employees due to the German decision to close all the country's nuclear power stations by 2022, instead of by 2036 as the Bundestag had decided on 28 October 2010.
In May 2014, the UK energy sector regulator Ofgem ordered the company to pay 330,000 of its customers a total of £12 million due to poor sales practices the company engaged in between June 2010 and December 2013. At the time it was the largest penalty levied against a UK energy supplier.
In November 2014, E.ON announced it would abstain from fossil energy in the future. It transferred its fossil energy businesses into a new company, Uniper, which started operating on 1 January 2016. However E.ON still owns coal power in Turkey. E.ON sold a 53% stake in the business through a listing on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange in September 2016. In 2017, it agreed to sell its remaining stake in Uniper to the Finnish power company Fortum. The deal was finalized in June 2018. However, Uniper continues to operate as an independent entity.
In July 2018, E.ON announced that 500 jobs would be lost in the United Kingdom, blaming the energy price cap due to be implemented by Ofgem.
In November 2020, E.ON announced that in the next two years, almost 700 jobs will be cut due to the migration of customers to the new platform that will be completed by the end of 2022.
In 2021, E.ON was ranked no. 56 in the Arctic Environmental Responsibility Index (AERI) that covers 120 oil, gas, and mining companies involved in resource extraction north of the Arctic Circle.
Asset swap with RWE
In March 2018, it was announced that E.ON would acquire renewable energy utility Innogy from its controlling shareholder RWE. The deal resulted in E.ON becoming a pure retail and distribution company. This was achieved through a complex €43 billion asset swap deal between E.ON, Innogy and RWE, where E.ON took over Innogy's retail and distribution business, while RWE took over both Innogy's renewable energy generation portfolio as well as E.ON's remaining energy generation assets. In addition, RWE took a 16.7% stake in E.ON and E.ON received a cash payment of €1.5 billion. The deal was finalized in September 2019.
Financial data
Operations
E.ON is one of the major public utility companies in Europe and the world's largest investor-owned energy service provider. As result of mergers, E.ON inherited the subsidiaries of VEBA, VIAG and Ruhrgas in Central and Eastern Europe. E.ON is present in most of Scandinavia.
E.ON is organized into the following business areas:
Nuclear energy
E.ON subsidiary PreussenElektra GmbH operates the Brokdorf, Grohnde, and Isar 2 nuclear power plants. It is decommissioning Isar 1, Grafenrheinfeld, Unterweser, Stade and Würgassen nuclear power plants. It also holds minority stakes in the RWE-operated Gundremmingen and Emsland NPPs. According to the assets swap deal between E.ON and RWE, RWE will acquire these minority stakes.
Windfarm projects
E.ON was a major wind energy player across multiple countries. In October 2019, the renewable energy division EC&R was sold to competitor RWE. The sale included EC&R's assets in the UK, Sweden, Germany, Poland and the US. Notably E.ON UK, owned 30% of the London Array project, which is a 630 MW wind generation farm in the Thames estuary. Another notable wind farm is Roscoe, which was the largest in the world at the time of completion, and for a number of years afterwards.
Coal
Tufanbeyli coal fired power station in Turkey, is 50% owned by E.ON.
Business services
E.ON Digital Technology (previously E.ON Business Services until January 2019, E.ON IT and is:energy) is the IT service provider of the energy company E.ON. It bundles business services for finance and HR as well as IT under a single roof and employs around 3,800 people. These are located at four legal entities in Germany (EBS GmbH, EBS Berlin GmbH, EBS Hanover GmbH and EBS Regensburg GmbH); plus legal entities in ten further countries (Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Slovakia, Sweden and United Kingdom).
Sponsorship
Sports
E.ON UK sponsored the FA Cup for four years, from 2006 to the end of the 2009/10 football season. The four-year deal which included the FA Women's Cup and the FA Youth Cup was worth around £40 million. E.ON is the official energy partner of The Football League and sponsors a collection of home programmes on Channel Five in the UK. E.ON has previously sponsored ITV Weather, the Ipswich Town football club and the Rugby Cup.
Between 2000 and 2006, E.ON was the main kit sponsor of German Bundesliga club Borussia Dortmund.
E.ON Ruhrgas is the main sponsor of the IBU biathlon[when?] World Cup and is the main sponsor of the Ski jumping World Cup[when?].
E.ON Sverige sponsored the home arena of Swedish ice hockey team Timrå IK from 2003 to 2015.
E.ON was one of the main sponsors of 2007–2008 Dutch Eredivisie Champions PSV Eindhoven.
Arts
Between 1998 and 2014, E.ON and its predecessor company VEBA spent more than Euro30 million ($41 million) supporting the Museum Kunstpalast, located next to the corporate headquarters in Düsseldorf.
In 2014, E.ON decided to sell Jackson Pollock's Number 5 (Elegant Lady) (1951), a painting the company has owned since 1980, at Christie's auction to keep funding the Museum Kunstpalast. Pollock had swapped it in 1954 with New York gallery owner Martha Jackson for the convertible in which he had a fatal accident two years later. In 1980, Ulrich Hartmann, head of VEBA's corporate board office, pushed for the purchase from art dealer Alfred Schmela. The acquisition was considered the foundation for E.ON's art collection of more than 1,800 works.
E.ON is also sponsor of Brain Bar, a Budapest-based, annually held festival on the future.
Facilities | c5deae99-e809-47b1-b445-108db6c58a2a |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatteris_Abbey"} | Benedictine nunnery in Cambridgeshire
Chatteris Abbey in Chatteris in the Isle of Ely, Cambridgeshire was founded as a monastery for Benedictine nuns in 1016 by Ednoth, Bishop of Dorchester. Before 1310 much of the monastery was destroyed by fire. By the middle of the 14th century, some of the local families appear to have been using the nave of the monastic church as their parochial church.
Never a wealthy abbey, it survived the first wave of closures during the Dissolution of the Monasteries and was finally surrendered to the King's commissioners in 1538, by which time there were eleven nuns in residence. At this date many families still used the abbey church as parochial but this, unusually, did not save it from demolition, the parishioners being transferred to St Peter and St Paul's Church nearby. A range of the cloister buildings survived as part of a mansion known as Park House. This was demolished in 1847 and with the exception of a few wall fragments, the site has now completely vanished beneath streets and housing; the Park Streets of Chatteris mark its boundaries. | e3bee7b7-a327-4906-8560-1f3db5fb3fc2 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valeria_Souza"} | Mexican scientist
Valeria Francisca Eugenia Leopoldina de María de Guadalupe Souza Saldívar is a Mexican scientist who specializes in evolutionary and microbial ecology. She is a senior researcher in the Department of Evolutionary Ecology of the Institute of Ecology of the National Autonomous University of Mexico and a level III researcher in the National System of Researchers. She was the former president of the Scientific Society of Ecology of Mexico.
Early education and career
Souza was born in Mexico City in 1958. Her father, Antonio Souza, was an art collector and critic who first discovered, in 1960, the painter Francisco Toledo. As an eight year old, she decided she wanted to become a biologist. Her interest in biology was further cemented after she was given a Time Life book to read about the discovery of DNA when she was ten years old. Souza received a B.S. in biology in 1983 and a Master's degree in biology in 1985 from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). In 1990, also at UNAM, she received a Ph.D in microbial ecology from the Institute of Ecology (formerly known as the Ecology Center). She was a postdoctoral fellow from 1990-1992 in the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at the University of California, Irvine (UCI) with Richard Lenski where she worked on the long-term E. coli experiment. She continued her work with Lenski for one additional year at the Center for Microbial Ecology at Michigan State University following Lenski's move to Michigan from UCI. She is married to Dr. Luis Eguiarte, who is also a scientist.
Research
Souza has 214 major publications and has received over 8600 citations. Her research focuses mainly on understanding the evolutionary, physiological, and ecological processes that are involved in the adaptation, speciation, and diversification of the biodiversity of microorganisms. Much of her research and conservation efforts focus on microbial mats and communities in Cuatro Ciénegas, Coahuila, Mexico. The work has revealed that microbes in these desert springs represent unique microbial lineages which she has worked to study and protect from groundwater extraction. As a result of multiple years of work in Cuatro Ciénegas the book "Cuatro Ciénegas, Ecology, Natural History and Microbiology" was published by Souza and her colleagues in 2018.
Awards and honors | ed2dbb70-aa14-4766-ac6f-d19706e714db |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeromedical_Isolation_Team"} | Former US Army aeromobile biocontainment team
The Aeromedical Isolation Team (AIT, or SMART-AIT) of the US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) at Fort Detrick, Maryland was a military rapid response team with worldwide airlift capability designed to safely evacuate and manage contagious patients under high-level (BSL-4) bio-containment conditions. Created in 1978, during its final years the AIT was one of MEDCOM’s Special Medical Augmentation Response Teams (SMART teams) comprising a portable containment laboratory along with its transit isolators for patient transport. Contingency missions included bioterrorism scenarios as well as the extraction of scientists with exotic infections from remote sites in foreign countries. The AIT trained continuously and was often put on alert status, but only deployed for “real world” missions four times. The AIT was decommissioned in 2010 and its mission was assumed by one of the US Air Force’s Critical Care Air Transport Teams (CCATTs).
History
The AIT was created in 1978 for purposes of contingency air evacuation of a hypothetical USAMRIID researcher who might become exposed to a highly infectious pathogen while undertaking endemic surveillance in remote areas of the world where a suspected or known disease outbreak was occurring. At the core of AIT operations was its specialized equipment, notably the Aircraft Transit Isolator (ATI). Developed by Vickers in the U.K. in the 1970s — and manufactured in later years by Elwyn Roberts Isolators, Shropshire, UK, until 2007 — the ATI was a self-contained unit capable of transporting a patient with a highly virulent disease and at the same time providing maximum microbiological security while full nursing care and treatment are rendered. It was designed to minimize the risk of transmission to air crews and caregivers, whether military or civilian. The interior of the isolator was maintained at a pressure negative to the external environment by a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtered blower. The isolator could be attached directly to a transfer port, situated on the external wall of the main USAMRIID building, to allow movement of the patient into a BSL-4 medical care suite without exposing the environment to the patient. While moving the isolator, team members wore protective suits and positive-pressure, HEPA-filtered Racal hoods (manufactured by Racal Health & Safety, Inc, Frederick, Maryland).
Throughout its existence the AIT was associated with a BSL-4 Medical Containment Suite (MCS, called “the Slammer”) at USAMRIID for ICU-level patient care under biocontainment. The MCS was built in 1969 and became operational in 1972; it was the destination to which contagious patients were to be removed by the AIT. Over the years the scope of the AIT/MCS mission was expanded to include U.S. military personnel, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and U.S. citizens or foreign nationals deemed to be in need of service by the U.S. Department of State. Occasionally, the AIT trained with similar teams of foreign allies.
In 2007, due to the death of Mr Roberts, the ATI and associated products ceased to be manufactured. During 2008-2010, the AIT began preliminary training with, and testing of, a new transit isolator product — the Patient Isolation Unit (PIU) — developed by the Gentex Corporation under a contract with the U.S. Air Force.
The AIT was decommissioned — along with the MCS — in 2010 and its mission was assumed by one of the US Air Force’s Critical Care Air Transport Teams (CCATTs). The Air Force's capabilities, however, do not meet the standard of biocontainment (BSL-4) facilities, but rather represent enhanced patient isolation. No BSL-4 ICU facility has replaced the Army's former MCS to date.
Selected AIT alerts and deployments | c819c30e-f82a-410e-9041-c69802f3d8a2 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Augustine%27s_Catholic_Church_(Minster,_Ohio)"} | United States historic place
St. Augustine's Catholic Church is a historic Gothic Revival-style Roman Catholic church building located on North Hanover Street in Minster, Ohio, United States. Located in the region of western Ohio known as the "Land of the Cross-Tipped Churches," the church was built in 1848. In 1874, the building was modified with the construction of twin Gothic spires designed by Anton Goehr.
Beginning in the middle of the nineteenth century, St. Augustine was one of the three mother churches for the Society of the Precious Blood that served the Catholics of the region; it kept this position until the end of the century, and it is the only one of the three yet remaining. While many other churches in the region were built in the middle of the nineteenth century, few remain today, and only St. Augustine and St. John's to the northeast are yet used as parish churches.
On July 26, 1979, the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places as part of the "Cross-Tipped Churches of Ohio" multiple property submission. Today, St. Augustine's and St. Joseph's Church in nearby Egypt constitute the Minster Cluster of the Archdiocese of Cincinnati.
Interior
The church interior is adorned with stained windows depicting Christ and saints.
Subjects of the pictorial windows
The church ceiling is decorated with frescos depicting the life of Christ and a scene in Heaven.
Subjects of the ceiling frescos | 4fc9285a-4eed-4cae-b095-6b1cfbdfb0f0 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_By-Products_Regulations"} | The European Union's Animal By-Products Regulations (Regulation No 1069/2009) allows for the treatment of some animal by-products in composting and biogas plants (anaerobic digesters). The following article describes procedures required to allow solid outputs (compost, digestate) from composting plants and anaerobic digesters onto land in the United Kingdom.
Categories of Animal By-Products
Category 1
Must all be destroyed, not for use in composting or biogas plants
Category 2
Can be used in composting and biogas plants after rendering (133C, 3 bar pressure) Manure and gut contents only can be used after pretreatment
Category 3
Can be used in composting and biogas plants without pretreatment
Treatment Standards
Composting
Closed reactor
Housed windrow
Biogas plants | d13c57b5-5842-4eab-bbcb-5ba5503bccad |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courtenay_Foote"} | English actor
Courtenay Foote (22 November 1878 – 4 May 1925) was an English stage and silent film actor.
Born in Yorkshire, England, Foote attended Oxford, studied engineering in Germany, and worked as a civil engineer in Scotland. Friends who heard him recite blank verse encouraged him to become an actor, but his grandfather opposed that idea. Foote abandoned the plan for a while and became a broker, but his lack of success in that field led his grandfather to drop his opposition to acting.
An introduction to F. R. Benson, followed by Foote's recitations as an audition, resulted in Foote's first acting job. He performed with Benson's troupe for 18 months, progressing from smaller parts to more significant roles. He went on to London, performing at the Haymarket Theatre, the Court Theatre, and the Shakesperean Festival.
Foote's first play in the United States was The Debtors, in which he debuted as Arthur Clenham in New York, followed by a touring production.
A developing interest in motion pictures led Foote to visit Vitagraph Studios several times, each visit increasing his interest, His film debut was in the initial Captain Barnacle production. He went on to work for Reliance and Majestic studios.
He appeared with George Arliss on stage in 1911 in the long running play Disraeli. He appeared in 59 films between 1910 and 1924. He was born in Harrogate, West Riding of Yorkshire and died in Italy.
Partial filmography | 6e85e51b-f317-4489-87f5-29b3726f5bcf |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celje_Hall"} | Celje Hall (Slovene: Celjski dom) is a community center in Celje, a town in central-eastern Slovenia. Today it hosts several cultural associations and the town's tourist information centre, and is a venue for concerts and theatre.
Overview
The hall was built in an eclectic style by the Viennese architect Peter Paul Brang between 1905 and 1906 as the main seat of ethnic German associations in the town. As such, it was intended to contrast with Celje National Hall, which had a similar function for the local Slovenes. The building's original name was the "German Center" (German Deutsches Haus) and it was used as the main community center for the purposes of the local German-speaking population and by those that identified with German culture.
In 1919, after the dissolution of Austria-Hungary, the building was confiscated from the German community by the new Yugoslav authorities and renamed "Celje Hall". Several cultural associations were placed in the building, including the Hermagoras Society publishing house, which was after the Carinthian Plebiscite expelled from its original location in Klagenfurt, Austria. Throughout the period of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, the German community tried to get back the property and the building, but they were unsuccessful. After the Nazi German occupation of northern Slovenia and Lower Styria in April 1941, the building was again restored to its former use. With the defeat of the Nazi regime in May 1945, most of the ethnic Germans fled the town together with the occupying German armed forces, whereas the others were expelled by the Yugoslav Communist authorities. The building was again renamed "Celje Hall". | 82006e3d-ae9b-4777-8a04-64c9e7ea3973 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemonium_2"} | 1997 video game
Pandemonium 2 is a platform game developed by Crystal Dynamics for PlayStation and Microsoft Windows. It is the sequel to Pandemonium!.
Gameplay
Pandemonium 2 is a psychedelic 2.5D game; specifically, it renders characters and environments with polygons and uses a 3D camera to create the appearance of 3-D, while gameplay is actually on a 2-D plane. Players can choose to be either Nikki or Fargus - who each have different specialties - with the option to change for each level. The player characters' abilities have been expanded over those in Pandemonium! with the ability to climb ropes, crawl, and pull themselves up ledges. During the quest, players can earn extra lives by collecting treasure.
Unique powers collected during gameplay may replace, extend or add to previous powers, depending on which character is in play and which power has been obtained. The characters handle the unique powers differently. For instance, collecting the "fire power" allows Nikki to shoot destructive fireballs, while it grants Fargus invincibility and a deadly touch, but requires him to constantly move forward. Machines and equipment are also available throughout the game, although they are tied to certain areas.
There are four boss stages, set after a block of stages has been completed. Destroying the bosses usually involves small puzzles, such as catapulting fireballs at a flying boss, or surviving the onslaught of a giant mecha boss while balanced on the back of a large, fast-moving tank.
Should the player collect +80% of treasure in a level, they will have access to the bonus level "Boarder Run", where they must slide along a course collecting treasure, while simultaneously keeping ahead of a pursuing vortex. Failure in "Boarder Run" does not cost the player lives; successfully completing "Boarder Run" will result in the player earning at least one extra life.
The player begins with four hit points to represent health. Through bonuses, this can be expanded up to a maximum of 16. To achieve maximum hit points, the player must find one of several "life pieces" in hidden areas of the game. When all points are lost, the character loses a life and returns to the last checkpoint. When all lives are lost, the game is over.
Plot
When the magic-infused "Comet of Infinite Possibilities" is about to pass over Lyr for the first time in 300 years, the inhabitants race to reach the comet in order to make a wish on its powers. Nikki (voiced by Deborah Ben-Eliezer), a sassy sorceress, decides that stealing the source of its magic is a quicker way to reach power than study. Her bosom buddy, Fargus (voiced by Martin Ganapoler), a court jester, has gone insane over the years and has a simple plan to "touch pretty fire" upon reaching the comet. Sid (also voiced by Martin Ganapoler), a sharp-tongued head on a stick and Fargus's only other "friend", wishes to get rid of Fargus and get closer to Nikki. But the evil Goon Queen Zorrscha has her sights set on the comet as well. Nikki and Fargus must make it to the comet before she does, lest she fulfill her own morally questionable wishes.
The ending of the game varies by which character defeats the final boss. If Nikki succeeds in the quest, she gains control of the universe. If Fargus does, he creates a world in which he is the flowers and the trees, as well as the sun, which makes Sid fume to the point where his head explodes.
Reception
Reception
Reviews for Pandemonium 2 ranged from mixed to positive. The PlayStation version received an average score of 77.11% at GameRankings, based on an aggregate of 9 reviews. Most reviewers found the game had more detailed graphics than the original Pandemonium!, as well as being generally more colorful. GameSpot's Lauren Fielder summarized that Pandemonium 2 is "a fun and mostly unpredictable platform game, in spite of not being fully 3D." GamePro was more critical of the 2D platforming gameplay, deeming it a niche subgenre which had become "very tiresome". The reviewer nonetheless praised the graphics and soundtrack, and said the game was recommended to the few remaining fans of 2D platformers. The four reviewers of Electronic Gaming Monthly, by contrast, criticized the cinemas but unanimously applauded the gameplay due to its innovative stage design, balanced challenge, and exciting camera panning.
The redesign of the characters was negatively received; in particular, the transformation of Nikki from the adolescent tomboy portrayed in the original Pandemonium! into a sultry seductress was seen as an embarrassing effort to appeal to the young male population which dominated the video game market. In their Buyer's Guide Electronic Gaming Monthly gave Nikki the 1997 "Worst Makeover" award, deriding the effort to make Nikki sexier as both transparent and ineffectual: "We're sorry, but we have a hard time getting excited about a heroine who looks as if she spends her Friday nights getting hit on by league bowlers." | 5fb2f2f6-1f6f-4af3-92fd-1c88a135af6f |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Zimbabwe_Davis_Cup_team_representatives"} | This is a list of tennis players who have represented the Zimbabwe Davis Cup team in an official Davis Cup match. Zimbabwe have taken part in the competition since 1963. They were known as Rhodesia until 1981
Players | 89af2ff1-916e-4270-ae4b-02b6902ed7cb |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleventh_Van_Cliburn_International_Piano_Competition"} | The Eleventh Van Cliburn International Piano Competition took place in Fort Worth, Texas from May 25 to June 10, 2001.
Olga Kern and Stanislav Ioudenitch won the competition ex-aequo, while Maxim Philippov and Antonio Pompa-Baldi shared the silver medal. It was the first time the two pianists earned the top prize.
The Eleventh Van Cliburn International Piano Competition was the first time in the history of the competition that the Van Cliburn Foundation commissioned more than one original composition. At the suggestion of composer John Corigliano, a 25-member nominating committee of distinguished musicians issued invitations to 42 noted American composers to submit solo piano scores 8 to 12 minutes in length. Thirty-one scores were submitted. Original works by four American composers were chosen: C. Curtis-Smith, Lowell Liebermann, James Mobberley, and Judith Lang Zaimont.
Jurors
Results | a1356ccd-b449-41e2-8af8-57fffd7ab013 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1987_Greenwich_by-election"} | The 1987 Greenwich by-election was a by-election to the British House of Commons held on 26 February 1987, shortly before the 1987 general election. The election was caused by the death of Guy Barnett, Labour Party Member of Parliament for Greenwich on 24 December 1986.
Background
Labour had held Greenwich since the 1945 general election, although their majority had declined in recent years, and in 1983, Barnett had achieved a majority of only 1,211 votes over the Conservative candidate. The then newly formed Social Democratic Party (SDP) had also stood, winning 25% of the vote. As a result, all three parties considered that they had a chance of taking the seat, but an early opinion poll suggested Labour would win, with the SDP/Alliance in a very poor third place.
Candidates
The Labour Party selected Deirdre Wood as their candidate, regarded as a left winger. This laid open the possibility of splitting the vote, as the Labour leadership were moving towards expelling far left MPs and activists identified with the Militant tendency. Although Wood was not a Militant supporter, as a former GLC and sitting ILEA councillor she was close to the London left and she was heavily attacked in the press for her views. In addition, stories about her family background were printed (to her considerable distress); many Labour activists compared her treatment with that of Peter Tatchell at the Bermondsey byelection of four years previously.
Despite being the party in power, and on the back of their strong performance in 1983, the Conservatives appeared to have the least chance of taking the seat, but were hopeful of a strong performance in the run-up to the general election and selected John Antcliffe as their candidate.
The SDP had formed an alliance with the Liberal Party and could rely on their activists in the constituency canvassing for them. Despite winning 25.4% of the vote in the 1983 election, the Alliance had taken only 23 seats nationwide, and the SDP had not won a by-election since Portsmouth South in 1984. Due to this lacklustre performance, the party had decided to focus on holding neighbouring Woolwich in the forthcoming general election, rather than attempting to win Greenwich. Their original candidate for the seat in the general election withdrew in December 1986, objecting to being a "paper candidate", and the party instead selected Rosie Barnes, who they ran in the by-election. She had links in the constituency; her husband was a local councillor, who also acted as her election agent. The Liberal Party regarded the constituency as a possible gain for the SDP, and in support of this, flooded the constituency with activists.
The Green Party, British National Party, National Front and Revolutionary Communist Party also stood candidates. Comedian Malcolm Hardee also stood, for the Rainbow Alliance "Beer, Fags and Skittles Party".
Campaign
An opinion poll in the last week of campaigning suggested that Labour would win, but that the SDP was now a close second and that the Conservatives would be third. This was exactly the result that the SDP/Alliance campaign needed, as it meant that many Conservative voters could be tempted to vote for the SDP in order to defeat Labour.
The by-election was held on 26 February 1987. During the afternoon and evening of polling day, SDP/Alliance workers called on known Conservative supporters to remind them that only their candidate could beat Labour. They did so in large numbers and the SDP gained the seat, their first gain from the Labour Party at an election (rather than by defection).
Result
Aftermath
Barnes held the seat at the general election that June, but lost it to Labour in 1992. It revived the SDP before the 1987 election, but in retrospect, the campaign could be seen as the 'high water mark' of the Alliance - it would be downhill from here. The SDP failed to make further gains in the 1987 general election, and the majority of the party joined with the Liberals to form the Liberal Democrats. As a result, the election was also the last time the SDP gained a seat. | 48971173-1d92-470b-bf7c-d9eced992450 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler_1.8,_2.0_%26_2.4_engine"} | Motor vehicle engine
The Chrysler 1.8, 2.0, and 2.4 are inline-4 engines designed originally for the Dodge and Plymouth Neon compact car. These engines were loosely based on their predecessors, the Chrysler 2.2 & 2.5 engine, sharing the same 87.5 mm (3.44 in) bore. The engine was developed by Chrysler with input from the Chrysler-Lamborghini team that developed the Chrysler/Lamborghini Formula 1 V12 engine in the early 1990s.
Beginning in 2005, these engines were phased out in favor of the new World engine built by the Global Engine Manufacturing Alliance joint-venture.
The 2.0 and 2.4 variants were built at Saltillo Engine in Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila, Mexico. The 1.8 and 2.0 was also built at Trenton Engine in Trenton, Michigan, United States.
1.8
The EBD is a 1.8 L (1796 cc/109.6 cid), under-bored variant of the 2.0 L engine. This engine features a square 83 mm (3.27 in) bore and stroke with a 10.0:1 compression ratio. This engine was built at the Trenton Engine Plant for use in export market (non-US) Chrysler Neons. It produces 86 kW (115 hp) at 5750 rpm and 151 N⋅m (111 lb⋅ft) at 4950 rpm and meets Euro III emission standards.
Applications:
2.0
The 2.0 L (1,996 cc/121.8 cid) version of the engine was the first offered. Production began in 1994 in Trenton, MI, and it was used in many Chrysler Corporation vehicles. It is available in both SOHC and DOHC 16-valve versions (4 valves per cylinder). The engine features a cast iron block, and pistons with shallow crowns to save weight.
The block uses a bedplate featuring a perimeter wall with transverse webbings for durability and quiet operation at high engine speeds. The pistons are attached to fracture-split forged, powdered metal connecting rods using semi-floating press-fit pins. A gerotor oil pump is driven directly from the crankshaft on the front of the engine. A timing belt is used to drive the valvetrain. Early production 2.0 L engines used a hydraulic tensioner to tension the timing belt. 2000 and 2001 engines used a mechanical spring-loaded tensioner that tended to wear out prematurely, causing serious valve and piston damage upon belt failure due to the interference design of the engine. 2002 and up engines utilized a different mechanical tensioner. The water pump is driven from the timing belt, with the water pump housing cast partially into the engine block itself.
1995 model year engines had three features that set them apart from later engines. The positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) system utilized a plastic oil separator box that was vented directly to the block itself; the breather hose and PCV valve hoses attached to the box, and connected to the induction system. Later engines featured a PCV system that was molded to the cylinder head valve cover. The second feature was internal in nature - the crankshaft main bearings were keyed into the bedplate on the right rear of each transverse web. Later model years featured keys machined on the right front of each web. The third feature would be a slightly bigger camshaft profile that was changed on 1996 and up SOHC vehicles due to a rough idle when the air conditioning was on.
2002 and earlier engines featured a one-piece cast nodular iron crankshaft with counterweights present on either side of each crank pin. A crankshaft tone wheel was present between number 1 and number 2 connecting rod pins, and was machined such that a Hall-effect magnetic pickup mounted to the engine block could read the crankshaft's position as it rotates. 2003 and later engines switched to a two-piece crankshaft. The tone wheel was re-engineered to attach to the crankshaft using three bolts, had a tone pattern substantially different from previous engines, and was moved to the rear of the crankshaft. For this reason, these engines are generally not interchangeable between the 2002 (and prior) and 2003 (and newer) model years.
Up to late 1999, this engine type suffered from oil leaks and head gasket failures between the block and cylinder head. Chrysler Corporation used several different designs of composite material head gaskets in an attempt to solve this problem. The cause of the problem was found to be one head bolt hole that was drilled too shallow at the factory, meaning the head bolt bottomed out and could never seal properly. In 1998, a thicker, multi-layer steel head gasket was introduced that eliminated this problem.
General Specifications
A588
The A588 is the SOHC version found in most post-2001 Chrysler products. The ECB SOHC version, found in earlier models, is identical except for the crank trigger wheel. When equipped with the newer crank wheel for the new NGC engine computer, the A588 version cannot be directly transplanted into a vehicle originally equipped with the earlier style engine using an SBEC (Single Board Engine Controller). Output is 132 hp (98 kW) SAE at 5600 rpm with 130 lb⋅ft (176 N⋅m) of torque at 4600 rpm. It has an aluminum SOHC cylinder head. It uses a reinforced plastic intake manifold (although a few of the 1995 and 1996 engines received an aluminum intake manifold due to a shortage of the plastic parts). They were painted black, but it's easy to see the casting marks and prints on the manifold. The aluminum version is prized among enthusiasts as it is easy to port and polish for improved airflow characteristics.
Applications:
Specifications:
Magnum
The Magnum SOHC version, code ECH, develops 150 hp (112 kW) SAE at 6500 rpm, and 135 lb⋅ft (183 N⋅m) of torque at 4800 rpm. Chief differences between this version and the A588 include a cast aluminum SOHC cylinder head that more easily passes exhaust gases than the base engine, a camshaft that is optimized for higher engine speeds, a factory welded exhaust short-tube header instead of a cast exhaust manifold, and a two-piece intake manifold. This manifold features unequal-length intake runners that are switched by an electric actuator that controls butterfly-type valves in the shorter intake runners. The longer runners are always open, and provide a mild supercharging effect due to their length between 3000 rpm and 4800 rpm. The shorter runners, open from 4800 rpm to redline at wide-open throttle, also provide a tuned resonance effect due to their length. The shorter runners are also opened at wide-open throttle below 3000 rpm to provide an intake path to each cylinder that is as free-flowing as possible.
Applications:
Specifications:
ECC
The DOHC ECC 2.0 produces 150 hp (112 kW) SAE at 6500 rpm with 139 lb⋅ft (188 N⋅m) of torque at 4800 rpm. It has a cast iron engine block and aluminum DOHC cylinder head. It uses Sequential fuel injection, has 4 valves per cylinder with roller rocker arms and features fracture-split forged powder metal connecting rods, a one-piece cast camshaft, and an aluminum intake manifold.
The version used in the PT Cruiser (non-US) and Dodge Neon features a cylinder head with the intake ports facing the front of the vehicle, like the SOHC A588. The 420A used in the Dodge-designed chassis, such as the Dodge Avenger and Mitsubishi Eclipse, have intake ports facing the rear of the vehicle. Most other specifications are identical, however, and even some head components (such as the valve cover) are compatible.
Applications:
Specifications:
2.4 and 2.4 Turbo
The Neon used the naturally aspirated 2.4L engine in the model's final year of 2005. The same 150 hp (112 kW) Naturally Aspirated (N/A) version was used in Chrysler's JA, JX, and JR platform cars from 1995 to 2006 along with the Jeep Liberty from 2002 to 2005 and the Dodge Caravan and Plymouth Voyager from 1996 to 2000. The code for this engine was EDZ. As with some other engines of various architecture used in some Jeeps, EDZs used in the Liberty carried Chrysler's PowerTech name.
The first 2.4L turbocharged engine was the EDZ turbo (variant of regular EDZ engine and developed by Chrysler's Mexican division), used on the Mexican Dodge Stratus R/T & Cirrus since 1996 to 2000.
The SRT-4 performance variant utilized a 2.4L Turbo. The turbocharged EDV/EDT is similar to the regular EDZ. Output is 230 hp (172 kW) SAE at 5300 rpm with 250 lb⋅ft (339 N⋅m) of torque at 2200-4400 rpm. This engine, code A855, has a cast iron partially open deck block and split crankcase. It uses an 8.1:1 compression ratio with Mahle cast eutectic aluminum alloy pistons, forged connecting rods with cracked caps and threaded-in 9 mm (0.35 in) rod bolts, and a cast high-hardness steel crankshaft. The cylinder head is cast aluminum, with the cylinder heads being a 48-degree pent-roof design with a partial cloverleaf between the intake valves. The valves are actuated by hydraulically adjusted rocker arms with roller cam followers.
The SRT-4, PT Cruiser Turbo, Cirrus LXi [México only] and Stratus R/T [México only] use the same engine block and heads.
The intake manifold, reverse-rotation turbocharger, jet oil coolers, oil pump, manual transmission, special ecu tuning, intercooler size, and weight are the only differences between those cars. The cast-aluminum 8-row Valeo intercooler is mounted in the front, and the reverse-rotation Mitsubishi TD04LR-16Gk turbocharger has a 6 cm2 (1 sq in) turbine inlet. The turbocharger compressor housing features a built-in bypass valve, and the turbo housing is cast into the exhaust manifold with a loop-around flow pattern. The boost level of a stock SRT-4 varies anywhere from 11 psi (0.76 bar) to 15 psi (1.0 bar), depending on the PCM's desired torque target and temperature conditions, but will be reduced if significant knock is detected. Such as using low octane (less than 91 R+M/2) gas.
2.4 Naturally Aspirated (N/A) applications:
2.4 Turbo Applications: | 5f5ab4c7-2c91-41ee-b12c-f9abcf4d08fd |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golo,_Ig"} | Village in Inner Carniola, Slovenia
Golo (pronounced [ˈɡɔːlɔ], German: Golu) is a village in the hills south of Ig in central Slovenia. The entire Municipality of Ig is part of the traditional region of Inner Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.
Geography
Golo is a clustered village with two settlement centers: the hamlets of Gorenje Golo (German: Obergolu) and Dolenje Golo (German: Untergolu). It lies along the road from Ig to Visoko northeast of Mount Mokrec (elevation: 1,059 meters or 3,474 feet). Golec Hill (elevation: 766 meters or 2,513 feet) rises to the southwest.
History
Early settlement in Golo is attested by archaeological finds, including Hallstatt culture artifacts and a Roman-era fortification near the site of the church. A castle known as Nad Gačo stood above the rectory. A part-time school was established in Golo in 1874, and regular schooling was started in 1908. Until the school building was built in 1925, classes were held in the rectory. During the Second World War, Italian forces burned the village on March 19, 1942. Later the same year, on July 23, they killed 12 hostages at Gmajna below Golec Hill.
Mass grave
Golo is the site of a mass grave from the period immediately after the Second World War. The Golo Mass Grave (Slovene: Grobišče Golo) is located in a sinkhole south of the settlement in the hamlet of Stara Žaga. It contains the remains of a large number of Home Guard prisoners of war that were transported by truck from the prison in Šentvid and murdered here on July 26, 1945.
Merger
Golo was established as a single settlement in 1952, when the formerly separate villages of Gorenje Golo and Dolenje Golo were merged to create Golo.
Church
The local parish church, built outside the settlement to the northeast, is dedicated to Saint Margaret (Slovene: sveta Marjeta) and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ljubljana. It is a Baroque building, dating to the 18th century. A prehistoric Iron Age settlement has also been identified at the site around the church. The structure at the site was first mentioned in 1631; it was made a quasi-parish in 1787 and was elevated to a parish in 1877. The current church dates to the beginning of the 19th century. Its altar and pulpit date from the second half of the 18th century and were transferred to the church from the monastery church in Kostanjevica na Krki. The church was burned by Italian forces in March 1942 and was renovated after the war.
Notable people
Notable people that were born or lived in Golo include: | 94f107ef-39e8-41fe-be8b-aab2bfcba2dd |
null | Genus of belemnites
Paleoconus is a genus of belemnite from the Mississippian Epoch. | b0af4231-72c6-43dc-b71d-6bb374ef31ea |
null | British civil servant
Sir Alexander Young Spearman, 1st Baronet, PC (13 September 1793 – 20 November 1874) was a British civil servant.
Spearman was born in Pentridge, Dorset, the eldest son of Major Alexander Young Spearman, RA (1762–1808), of Thornley, Durham, and Agnes, daughter of James Morton, of Bonar Hill, Lanarkshire. His paternal grandmother was the sister of Sir William Young, Lieutenant-Governor of Tobago.
Spearman joined the public service in 1808, aged fifteen, as deputy assistant commissary-general. In 1816, he became chief clerk to John Charles Herries, auditor of the Civil List. In 1822 he investigated irregularities in the Stationery Office, and in 1833 he was made controller of the Stationery Office. In 1824, he joined the Treasury as assistant clerk in the revenue department and clerk of parliamentary accounts. From 1827 to 1828, he was private secretary to Herries when the latter was Chancellor of the Exchequer. In 1831, he became auditor of the civil list. In 1836, he was promoted to Assistant Secretary to the Treasury. In 1840, he retired on health grounds and was created a Baronet, of Hanwell in the County of Middlesex.
In 1850, he emerged from retirement to serve as secretary and comptroller of the National Debt Office. He also served as deputy chairman of the Public Works Loan Board and as one of the commissioners for the Exhibition of 1851. Sworn of the Privy Council in 1869, he retired in 1873.
In 1826, Spearman married Jane Campbell (died 1877), daughter of Duncan Campbell of Inverawe, Argyll, and of Bedford Square, London; they had four sons. | f37af73a-2154-4dd5-bfe3-6c7883e35567 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Graham_(Welsh_politician)"} | Welsh politician
William Graham JP FRICS (born 18 November 1949 in Newport, Monmouthshire) is a Welsh Conservative politician, former Shadow Leader of the House in the National Assembly for Wales, Opposition Chief Whip and Shadow Minister for Social Services.
Early and personal life
William Graham was born to the late William Douglas Graham and Eleanor Mary Scott (née Searle). Educated at Blackfriars School, and the College of Estate Management, he is the sixth generation principal of a family firm of surveyors in Newport established in 1844. Graham is a fellow of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors, and has been Chairman of Newport Harbour Commission and Rougemont School Trust, Newport. He is also a member of the Listed Building Advisory Committee, the Rent Assessment Committee for Wales. He was appointed Justice of the Peace in 1979, and is a member of the Carlton Club.
Graham married his wife in 1981; the couple have three children.
Political career
Graham has been an active Conservative politician from the 1980s, when he was elected to Gwent County Council. He was then a Newport councillor, and Leader of the Conservative Group on the City Council until standing down in 2004.
Graham has been an active member of the National Assembly for South Wales East since the first Assembly elections in May 1999. He contested the Newport West Constituency in the 1999 and 2003 Assembly elections. As a result of changes to the election rules in the Government of Wales Act 2006, he was selected as leading Conservative List Candidate for South Wales East for the May 2007 and 2011 Assembly elections.
In the First Assembly was appointed as Committee Chair of the Pre 16 Education, Schools and Early Learning Committee. In the Second Assembly he was Chair of the Committee on School Funding and of the House Committee from 9 Nov 2006; Member of the Assembly Shadow Commission, set up to prepare the way for the Third Assembly; and Conservative education spokesman in the National Assembly, Chairman of the Conservative Group and Chief Whip.
In the Third Assembly he was appointed European Affairs spokesman for the Official Opposition and Conservative group chairman and Chief Whip. He was also appointed as the Conservative representative on the Assembly Commission. He was an Assembly Commissioner between 2007 and 2011. On 11 July 2007 he was appointed Shadow Leader of the House and Shadow Chief Whip. Graham is currently the Shadow Minister for Social Services, in addition to being Business Manager and Chief Whip of the Welsh Conservative Group in the National Assembly since 2011.
Offices held | a0a9f42d-33a9-467c-ba23-e91358528358 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pernilla_Wahlgren"} | Swedish singer and actress
Pernilla Nina Elisabeth Wahlgren (born 24 December 1967) is a Swedish singer and actress. She has sung in Melodifestivalen several times; her 1985 entry titled "Piccadilly Circus" became popular and successful. She has acted in several plays and films, playing roles including Esmeralda in the Academy Award-winning Fanny and Alexander. She has twice received the Guldmasken award for her work in theater.
Career
Acting
Wahlgren's first acting job, at the age of four, was alongside her mother in the television play Den längsta dagen (The Longest Day). She attended Adolf Fredrik's Music School and was also part of the Saltsjöbaden theater. After playing a small role in Lilla prinsen (The Little Prince) at Saltsjöbaden's theater, and in the face of stiff competition, Wahlgren got the title role in the musical Annie at Folkan, Stockholm. She then played Esmeralda in Ingmar Bergman's film Fanny and Alexander.
In 1982, she joined the cast of the Swedish production of The Sound of Music, in which she played Louise. At Folkan, she also had parts in Karlsson på taket (Karlsson-on-the-Roof), Mio, min Mio (Mio in the Land of Faraway), Snövit (Snow White) and Ringens hemlighet (The Secret of the Ring). Wahlgren played Annika in the musical version of Pippi Longstocking at Folket in Stockholm; for the two final performances she replaced Siw Malmkvist in the role of Pippi, for which she received positive reviews. In her youth and as an adult Wahlgren portrayed Pippi Longstocking several times. Wahlgren appeared in an episode of Nygammalt in 1983 and an episode of Razzel in October 1984, where she performed her debut single, "Nu har det tänt". She has also appeared in film and television productions including Bo Widerberg's 1986 production of Ormens väg på hälleberget (The Serpent's Way) and Snoken in 1995.
Wahlgren has appeared in theatrical comedies in Stockholm, including Parneviks cirkusparty (Parnevik's Circus Party), Spanska flugan (Spanish Fly) and Bubbel trubbel (Bubble Trouble). She has twice been nominated for the Guldmasken theater award; first for her role in Charleys tant (Charley's Aunt) at the Intiman Theater, and then for her part in Kärlek & lavemang (Love and Enemy) at Fredriksdalsteatern in Helsingborg. She has also appeared in musical roles in Annie Get Your Gun, Grease, The Wizard of Oz, Cats and Nils Karlsson Pyssling. On 29 September 2007, The Sound of Music premièred at the Göta Lejon theater in Stockholm, where Wahlgren played in a cast that included Tommy Nilsson. In 2013, she had a role in the musical Priscilla, Queen of the Desert at Göta Lejon.
Between 2018 and 2019, Wahlgren acted in her own stage show celebrating 40-years as a singer and actress, called Kort, glad och tacksam (Short, Happy and Grateful). Her second stage show, a continuation of Kort, glad och tacksam, called Pernilla Wahlgren har Hybris (Pernilla Wahlgren Got Hubris), wrote and directed by Edward af Sillén, premiered in 2020.
Music
In the mid-to-late 1980s, Wahlgren developed a pop music career, touring several times and releasing studio albums. Her songs include: "Svindlande affärer", "I Need Your Love", "Every Time When We're Together" and "Running for Cover". In August 2006, she released the album Beautiful Day; the debut single from the album, "Talking to an Angel", was certified gold and the track "Come Inside My World" became the theme to TV4's entertainment program Förkväll.
Melodifestivalen
Wahlgren's musical breakthrough came when she participated in Melodifestivalen 1985. Her song "Piccadilly Circus" became a public favorite, but she was placed fourth in the competition. Wahlgren participated in Melodifestivalen 1991 with the song "Tvillingsjäl", which did not make it to the second round of voting. In 2003, she again took part in Melodifestivalen, this time with Jan Johansen; they achieved second place with the song "Let Your Spirit Fly". In 2010, Wahlgren again participated in Melodifestivalen, with the song "Jag vill om du vågar". Her 2013 entry was with Jenny Silver and Hanna Hedlund as part of the band Swedish House Wives performing the song "On Top of the World".
Television
Wahlgren has been a television presenter for several shows, including Scenen är din, Söndagsöppet (both on SVT), Småstjärnorna and Baby Boom (both on TV4). She and her brother Niclas also presented the children's show Nicke & Nilla on TV4. Wahlgren had a role in the 1995 series Snoken on SVT. She also dubbed several children's films, such as The Lego Movie (as the voice for Princess Unikitty), and voiced Misty, Melody and Delia Ketchum in several Pokémon films). From 2016, she has participated in the reality series Wahlgrens värld (Wahlgren's World) which is broadcast on Kanal 5 and documents her life. The series was continued with a third and fourth season in 2018; a fifth and sixth season were broadcast in 2019. In 2019, Wahlgren had a leading role as Santa's wife in Sveriges Television's Christmas calendar, Panik i tomteverkstan, opposite Per Andersson.
Personal life
Wahlgren was born to actors Christina Schollin and Hans Wahlgren on Christmas Eve. She has three brothers: actor and singer Niclas, actor Linus, and broker and firefighter Peter. She was married to dancer and composer Emilio Ingrosso from 1993 to 2002; they have three children—Oliver Ingrosso (born 1989), a DJ, music producer and actor; Bianca Ingrosso (born 1994), a blogger and singer; and Benjamin Ingrosso (born 1997), a singer, artist and songwriter. Pernilla also has a son, Theo (born 2007), with Joachim Lennholm. In an episode of Vem tror du att du är? (Who do you think You Are?) broadcast on SVT in 2011 it was revealed to Wahlgren that she was of Italian descent on her father's side of the family. Since 2021, Wahlgren has been a relationship with Christian Bauer.
Discography
Studio albums
Source: Pernilla Wahlgren discography at Discogs
Singles | 8969d0c9-d523-4eba-9b59-4a55d9e532f5 |
null | Egyptian radiologist and professor
Sahar Saleem is a professor of radiology at Cairo University where she specialises in paleoradiology, the use of radiology to study mummies. She discovered the knife wound in the throat of Ramesses III, which was most likely the cause of his death.
Early life and career
Sahar Saleem received her degree in medicine from Qasr El Eyni Hospital, Cairo. Subsequently, she went on to receive both her master's and medical doctorate in radiology from Cairo University. She moved to Canada to do a postdoctoral fellowship in neuroradiology and a fellowship in radiology education at the University of Western Ontario, before returning to Cairo University, where she is currently a professor of radiology.
Research
Saleem uses medical imaging, in particular CT scans, to study mummies. This enables her to look through the wrappings, providing more detail than X-rays. She is part of the Egyptian Mummy Project and she has scanned several of the royal mummies, including Hatshepsut, Thutmose III and Seti I, from the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. These mummies have been described in her book Scanning the Pharaohs: CT Imaging of the New Kingdom Royal Mummies, which she co-authored with Zahi Hawass. In 2017, the book was a recipient of the PROSE Award in Popular Science.
By using CT scans on the mummy of Tutankhamun, Saleem and Hawass determined that he was around 19 years old when he was mummified. They also hypothesised that the cause of death was not head trauma, as previously thought, but a knee fracture on a background of malaria.
They also scanned Ramesses III, a pharaoh who was thought to be the victim of a harem conspiracy. Scans performed by Saleem revealed that Ramesses throat was cut and his left toe was cut off, providing supporting evidence that he was likely killed in that conspiracy, as the injuries pointed to there being more than one attacker.
Selected publications | 7c58af6f-4f31-4c5f-a0ba-ebee7652ca60 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darin_(album)"} | 2005 studio album by Darin
Darin is the second studio album by Swedish singer Darin. It was released by Columbia Records on September 28, 2005 in Sweden and features the singles "Step Up", "Want Ya!" and "Who's That Girl?". The album became Darin's second number-one album in Sweden, with the first being The Anthem (2005).
Promotion
Chart performance
Darin was released on 28 September 2005 and debuted at number one on the Swedish Albums Chart. It has since been certified platinum by the Swedish Recording Industry Association (GLF). The album was also released in Finland where it peaked at number 13 on the Finnish Albums Chart.
Cover versions
The song "Sail the Ocean" has been covered in Italian by band Studio 3 for their 3rd album Lentamente and is called "Quando Sarai Sola." Despite the song being a cover version released in 2007, the original songwriters are not credited on the band's official website.
Track listing
Credits adapted from Spotify.
Charts
Certifications
Release history
As of 2020, Darin is available for streaming on Spotify, Tidal, and for download on Google Play Music. | 33016e4a-ab81-40a7-b64d-4423a51fe696 |
null | Nigerian custom and jurist
Justice Yakubu Itua (October 9, 1941 – August 8, 2006) was a Nigerian jurist and formal member of the federal House of Representatives in 1983. He was appointed a judge in the Edo state judiciary in 1999, by the then military governor of Edo state, Navy Captain Anthony Onyearugbulem with recommendation by the National Judiciary commission.
Early life and education
Itua was born in Ewu a small town in Esan Central local government area of present-day Edo state. He attended St Patric's college Asaba Delta state. for his secondary school education. He briefly worked with the Nigerian Institute Of Oil Palm Research Benin.
Career
Itua later joined the Nigeria Customs Service, but was later dismissed. Justice Itua enrolled and got admission into the university of Lagos in 1968 and graduated. Itua was called to the bar and established his own law firm Itua and co at no 47 new lagos road Benin City. Itua went into-active politics and contested for a seat of the federal house of representative in which he won in 1983. His membership was short lived after the military government under Muhammadu Buhari took over power and suspended the Nigeria constitution.
Itua returned to his legal profession, where he established his own law firm Y Itua and co. He was legal adviser to various companies and organisations in Edo state and other parts of Nigeria.
Death
Itua died on 8 August 2006 of cardiac arrest at the University of Benin teaching hospital. | a3a3cb11-6fc5-4948-abc8-b199995cd9d8 |
null | TV series or program
Disney Club is the name of many television shows associated to Disney productions aired mostly in Europe and the Americas during the 1990s and early 2000s (decade).
Americas
Europe
Asia | 88e6c224-bc56-4963-9cd4-25bbe972278b |
null | Irish politician
Charles Henry Coote, 2nd Baron Castle Coote PC (25 August 1754 – 22 January 1823), known as Charles Coote until 1802, was an Irish politician.
Background and education
A member of the Coote family headed by the Earl of Mountrath, Coote was the son of the Very Reverend Charles Coote, Dean of Kilfenora, by Grace Tilson, daughter of Thomas Tilson. Sir Eyre Coote was his younger brother. He was educated at Eton and Trinity College, Dublin.
Political career
Coote was returned to the Irish House of Commons for Queen's County in 1776, a seat he held until 1783, and then represented Maryborough until 1798. He once again sat for Queen's County from 1798 to 1800, when the Irish Parliament was abolished.
He served as Commissioner of Barracks of Ireland between 1788 and 1789, as Commissioner of Accounts of Ireland between 1789 and 1795, as Commissioner of Customs of Ireland between 1795 and 1799 and as Commissioner of Excise of Ireland between 1799 and 1806 and was sworn of the Irish Privy Council in 1800. He was appointed High Sheriff of Queen's County for 1791–92. In 1801 he was returned to the British Parliament for Queen's County.
In 1800 Coote's kinsman Charles Coote, 7th Earl of Mountrath, had been created Baron Castle Coote, in the Queen's County, in the Peerage of Ireland, with a special remainder to his kinsman, Charles Coote. Lord Mountrath died in 1802 and Charles Coote succeeded as 2nd Baron Castle Coote according to the special remainder (the earldom became extinct; see Coote baronets). Coote was consequently forced to resign his seat in Parliament as Irish peers were not allowed to represent Irish constituencies in Parliament. Lord Castle Coote served as a Commissioner of Customs of Ireland between 1802 and 1803 and as First Commissioner between 1806 and 1823.
Family
Lord Castle Coote married Elizabeth Anne Tilson, daughter of Reverend Henry Tilson, in 1779. They had several children. Lady Castle Coote died in January 1821. Lord Castle Coote died in January 1823, aged 68, and was succeeded in the barony by his only surviving son, Eyre. | fe00f4e2-014e-45cd-a691-5db72d8845c0 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haripur,_Cooch_Behar"} | Village in West Bengal, India
Haripur is a village in the Cooch Behar II CD block in the Cooch Behar Sadar subdivision of the Cooch Behar district in West Bengal, India
Geography
[Interactive fullscreen map]
Places in the Cooch Behar Sadar subdivision in Cooch Behar district
CT: census town, M: municipal town, R: rural/ urban centre, H: historical/ religious centre
Owing to space constraints in the small map, the actual locations in a larger map may vary slightly
Location
Haripur is located at 26°22′07″N 89°22′05″E / 26.36873°N 89.36792°E / 26.36873; 89.36792.
Haripur is 1.6 kilometres (0.99 mi) west of Madhupur Satra and is on the banks of the Torsha River.
Area overview
The map alongside shows the north-central part of the district. It has the highest level of urbanisation in an overwhelming rural district. 22.08% of the population of the Cooch Behar Sadar subdivision lives in the urban areas and 77.92% lives in the rural areas. The entire district forms the flat alluvial flood plains of mighty rivers.
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the subdivision. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.
Demographics
As per the 2011 Census of India, Haripur had a total population of 995. There were 523 (53%) males and 472 (47%) females. There were 119 persons in the age range of 0 to 6 years. The total number of literate people in Haripur was 667 (76.14% of the population over 6 years).
Culture
The Harihar Mahadev temple is a squarish brick-built structure, that has sunk considerably because of an earthquake. Devotees have to descend 8 ft, stepping over 8 stairs to reach the Shiva linga in the garbhagriha or the sanctum sanctorum of the temple. A tin shed has been built over the entrance door to prevent rainwater from entering the temple. The temple now measures 4.6 metres (15 ft) in height. The original height must have been around 7.8 metres (26 ft). The temple is a 5 metres (16 ft) square. The temple is estimated to have been built in the 18th century by the Cooch Behar State rulers. There are some stone decorations in the walls, which seem to be of an earlier period, but these may have been brought from other temples. | ccbc2e86-ac33-4ff7-be46-bb9d60502c19 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Maulbetsch"} | American football player and multi-sport coach (1890–1950)
John Frederick Maulbetsch (June 20, 1890 – September 14, 1950) was an All-American football halfback at Adrian College in 1911 and for the University of Michigan Wolverines from 1914 to 1916. He is also a member of the College Football Hall of Fame.
After playing with an independent football team in Ann Arbor and at Adrian College, Maulbetsch became one of the most famous American football players in 1914 while playing for the University of Michigan. Maulbetsch became known as the "Human Bullet" because of his unusual low, line-plunging style of play, and was also known as the "Featherweight Fullback" because of his light weight and small size. After his performance against Harvard in 1914, in which some reports indicated he gained more than 300 yards, eastern writers, including Damon Runyon, wrote articles touting Maulbetsch. Maulbetsch was also selected by Walter Camp to his All-American team.
In 1915, Maulbetsch underwent surgery for appendicitis and did not perform to the same level as he had in 1914. He made a comeback as a senior in 1916 and was again one of the leading players in college football.
Between 1917 and 1920, Maulbetsch was the head football coach at Phillips University. With Maulbetsch's name recognition, he was able to recruit big name talent to Phillips, including future Pro Football Hall of Famer Steve Owen, and future United States Olympic Committee President Doug Roby. Maulbetsch quickly turned Phillips into one of the top programs in the southwest, as his teams beat Oklahoma and Texas and lost only one game in the 1918 and 1919 seasons. Maulbetsch was later the football coach at Oklahoma A&M (later known as Oklahoma State) and Marshall College in the 1920s. He has been inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame, and the University of Michigan awards the John F. Maulbetsch Award each year to a freshman football player based on desire, character, and capacity for leadership and future success both on and off the football field.
Ann Arbor High School and the Independents
Maulbetsch was born and grew up in Ann Arbor, Michigan. He attended Ann Arbor High School where he led the football team to consecutive state championships in 1908 and 1909. One account of the 1908 playoffs noted: "Ann Arbor's smashing play in the first half was wholly due to Maulbetsch, Ann Arbor's fullback, and his terrific line bucking. He clearly outshone his team mates."
After graduating from high school, Maulbetsch joined the Ann Arbor Independents, a football team made up of Michigan "varsity eligibles" and "townies." Maulbetsch was once reportedly called upon to drive across the goal line for the Independents in a game in which a large crowd, including a farmer with his plow-horse, gathered in the end zone. "Head down and legs working like piston rods, Maulbetsch plowed ahead until head struck the plow horse amidships. Down went the horse Mauly on top of him."
College football player
Transfer from Adrian College
Maulbetsch started his college football career at age 21, leading Adrian College to an 8–0 record in 1911, including a 15–0 win over the University of Michigan freshman team. Maulbetsch's performance drew the attention of Michigan Coach Fielding H. Yost. After watching Maulbetsch dominate Michigan's freshman team, Yost concluded: "If I could get that kid into Michigan and keep him up in his studies I’d make an All-American place for him his first year." Yost persuaded Maulbetsch to transfer, and he played with "the scrubs" in 1912. Yost told the press at the time he had "another (Willie) Heston" in Maulbetsch.
1914 season
Maulbetsch did not play for the varsity team until the fall of 1914 when he was 24 years old. Before the season began, Maulbetsch was "touted as one of the fastest halfbacks who ever donned moleskins. He weighs 155 pounds, is built low, has a powerful pair of shoulders and his dashes are characterized by lightning speed." Another pre-season account said he was "a wonder as a line plunger and a wizard in the open field." From the outset, considerable attention was paid to his unusual running style. Observers noted "the peculiar manner in which he runs. . . . He has a corkscrew style of dashing, and even when tackled squarely has such a sturdy pair of legs that his assailant is usually carried back several yards."
Michigan opened the season with a 58–0 win over DePauw, followed by a 69–0 victory over Case Institute of Technology. Maulbetsch was the offensive star against Case, as he twice "carried several would-be tackles across the goal." Playing Vanderbilt the following week, Maulbetsch had runs of 25 and 35 yards, scored two touchdowns, "was worked overtime and probably advanced the pigskin more than any two other players." After starting the season 5–0, Michigan lost three of four games against top eastern schools: Syracuse, Harvard, Penn, and Cornell.
1914 Harvard game
Maulbetsch's breakthrough came on October 31, 1914, in front of 30,000 fans at Harvard. The game was one of the most anticipated matches of the year. A special train brought Michigan fans to Cambridge, Massachusetts, and hundreds of Michigan alumni from the East were on hand as "reinforcements." Though Harvard prevailed, 7–0, Maulbetsch was the big story in papers across the country. Writers from Ring Lardner to Damon Runyon told the story of Maulbetsch's performance. Lardner said: "If anyone tells you the East plays the best brand of football, Maulbetsch shot that theory full of holes." According to Runyon, the Wolverines used "the mighty Maulbetsch as their battering ram", and he "gained enough ground against Harvard to bury a German army corps." Football writer Frank G. Menke said: "No westerner ever created half the stir in the east as did this Michigander . . . His peculiar, baffling style of attack, backed by phenomenal strength almost always earned for him gains of 5 to 20 yards every time he was called upon to carry the ball." Another writer noted Maulbetsch's skill as a "line breaker" as he "carried the ball repeatedly through the Harvard line and into the secondary defense with bullet-like rushes that upset tackler after tackler." Maulbetsch was responsible for four-fifths of Michigan's ground gains, and on several occasions his dives reportedly "had so much power that he dove right through a double line of crimson players and went sprawling on the ground twelve to twenty feet clear of the double line."
While every report indicates that Maulbetsch had a big day, the accounts vary dramatically as to exactly how many yards he gained. Frank Menke reported after the game that Maulbetsch gained 300 yards. A 1938 newspaper account said he "gained 350 yards from scrimmage." Yet, his 1951 obituary indicated he gained 133 yards in 30 attempts.
Despite Maulbetsch's efforts, Michigan was never able to punch the ball across the goal line. Many blamed Michigan's quarterback who switched to another back every time after Maulbetsch "took the ball to the shadow of the Crimson goal posts." In answer to the question why Michigan was unable to score, Frank Menke said: "Ask the fellow who quarterbacked for Michigan that day. His actions were too mystifying for the spectators to figure out."
When Harvard reneged on an agreement to play a game in Ann Arbor in 1915, sports writers concluded it was to avoid facing Maulbetsch again. Said one reporter: "When faih Hahvahd [sic] saw what Maulbetsch did in the first clash, it decided it cared to see no more of him. He was too rough."
"Human Bullet"
Much of the attention on Maulbetsch focused on his diminutive size and unique running style. At 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m), and 155 lb (70 kg), Maulbetsch was a small back, even by the standards of his day. And his running style saw him bend his torso and propel himself like a projectile into the opposing line. Indeed, he won several nicknames based on his size, running style, and fighting spirit, including the "Human Bullet," "Mauly", the "Human Shrapnel", the "Featherweight Fullback", the "Michigan Cannon Ball," and the "German bullet." Comparisons of Maulbetsch to military armaments were common. In addition to the "bullet", "shrapnel", and "cannonball" nicknames, the Syracuse Herald observed: "Standing up in front of a Krupp gun has its dangers, but it is not to be compared with the dangers of standing in front of Maulbetsch when he is going full speed ahead."
Maulbetsch's style was described as "line-plunging." A New York newspaper noted: "When the ball is snapped to him he almost doubles himself up, and, with his head aimed at the knees of the opposing line, he dives head first. Those who have seen Maulbetsch in action marvel at the great momentum he can get up in two or three steps." Noted football writer Walter Eckersall said: "Mauly is a little fellow, being built close to the ground. They say that when he plunges at the line his head is almost on a level with his shoe tops – that he hits so low that it's well nigh impossible to stop him." An Iowa newspaper wondered how it was possible "for a man to smash into a line of human bodies with the force that Maulbetsch does and come out of the game without a broken neck."
Maulbetsch was said to run "so low that he could dash under an ordinary table without losing his feet." At a coaching conference in the 1920s, a coach doubted the table-ducking story and challenged Maulbetsch. The doubter later recalled: "I began ribbing him about this table-ducking stuff and finally offered to bet him he couldn’t do it. Well, we got a table up in a room, Johnny tucked a water pitcher under his arm and backed against the wall. Darned if he didn’t do it, the only thing, that water pitcher broke in a million pieces." Asked about the incident, Maulbetsch said it was true, except one part. Maulbetsch insisted there wasn’t a nick on the pitcher.
Maulbetsch makes All-American
After the loss to Harvard in 1914, Michigan rebounded with a 34–3 win over Penn. Walter Eckersall reported that the Wolverines were "led by the redoubtable Johnny Maulbetsch." Despite being "a marked man" by the Penn defense, he was not thrown for a loss in the entire game, and he scored three touchdowns. Before Michigan lost to Cornell in the final game of the season, a scandal arose when it was revealed that the owner of an Ann Arbor pool room, Joe Reinger, had written a letter intimating that he could buy Maulbetsch and Michigan's quarterback to throw the Cornell game, and win US$50,000 from students willing to bet on Michigan. The letter was turned in to the Michigan athletic officials, and Reinger went to the athletic office "to try to hush the matter up." Reinger became abusive and was thrown out of the office by Coach Yost. The incident caused "the biggest stir of the season on the campus," as students demolished Reinger's pool room, and police had to guard Reinger's residence against threatening demonstrations that continued to "a late hour." Although Michigan did lose to Cornell, Maulbetsch was said to be "practically the only successful ground gainer for Michigan." Over the course of the 1914 season, Maulbetsch was said to have scored about half of Michigan's 252 points. A Wisconsin newspaper noted that, "when it comes time to write a resume of the 1914 football season", Maulbetsch's play "will live in the minds of men . . . for years to come." As a reward for his efforts, Maulbetsch was named a first-team All-American at the end of the 1914 season.
Pie and coffee diet
As public attention focused on Maulbetsch as "the greatest line-plunger of a decade," the press could not get enough of Maulbetsch, even interviewing his family. His sister revealed that Maulbetsch had a fondness for home cooking and received permission from the team trainer to eat at his family's Ann Arbor home. "Now, Johnny's sister explains that each day his mother baked two pies for the athlete's supper, and that in addition he had everything else his appetite craved, including coffee." Confronted by reporters about the revelation, Maulbetsch replied: "The story was slightly exaggerated. I rarely ate more than one and one half pies for dinner." Joking references to Maulbetsch's diet continued when it was reported in 1915 that he was suffering from "acute indigestion." One reporter quipped, "Those much advertised pies of his maw's evidently aren’t as great training dope as they were cracked up to be." It turned out that the indigestion was appendicitis, and Maulbetsch was hospitalized at St. Joseph's Sanitarium in Ann Arbor in April 1915, where he underwent an operation.
1915 season
As the 1915 season was set to get underway, Coach Yost reported, "Johnny told me he was feeling fine when I saw him recently, although he doesn’t weigh as much as he used to." Despite Yost's hopes, Maulbetsch fell far short of the prior year's performance in 1915. He was several pounds lighter after the illness and surgery, and it was noted that "a few pounds means much to a man of Maulbetsch's weight." In the opening game against Lawrence, Maulbetsch scored three touchdowns, but he was "woefully weak on interference." Playing against Mount Union, Maulbetsch made several big gains, including a 50-yard touchdown run in the third quarter. His difficulties returned in the season's third game against Marietta, as "Maulbetsch was powerless to stop the Marietta forward pass, all of the successful ones being directed toward his side of the line."
After The Michigan Daily criticized his performance following the Marietta game, Maulbetsch "threatened to desert the Michigan squad and give up football for good." It reportedly took Yost several hours to coax Maulbetsch to report for practice again, and in the next game against Case, Maulbetsch did not play until the third quarter. In the season's first big game, Michigan was soundly beaten by Michigan Agricultural College, 24–0, and most of Maulbetsch's runs "didn’t even get as far as his own line." In the final four games of the season, matters got worse for Michigan and Maulbetsch, as the team went 0–3–1, scoring only 14 points in four games.
In Maulbetsch's defense, some writers noted the weakness of the Michigan line, often allowing rushers into the backfield before Maulbetsch even had the ball. But some of those same observers noted that "Mauly" was not carrying the ball "at his usual pace." Sports writer Frank Menke described Maulbetsch's 1915 performance this way: "[The] Wolverine halfback skidded from the heights of greatness to the level of mediocre. . . . The lines that he had crumpled like eggshells a year before stood up under his charges, often dumping him back for losses. The once 'unstoppable' Maulbetsch not only was stopped but forced to retract." Despite the subpar performance in 1915, Michigan's varsity letter-winners elected him captain of the team for 1916.
1916 comeback
Maulbetsch made a strong comeback in 1916. Instead of spending the summer recovering from appendicitis, he spent the summer working as an assistant barkeeper on a steamship plying between Chicago and St. Joseph, Michigan. Maulbetsch spent his afternoons swimming and running sprints up and down the beach. On one trip, a giant coal passer claimed to be the strongest man in the world, and Maulbetsch agreed to a wrestling match on the boat. "The coal passer rushed the stripling, who ducked, caught his opponent about the waist and crushed him to the deck. When the giant woke, he wanted to know if the boat hit a rock." As the season started, The New York Times wrote: "Michigan's come-back football team, headed by Bullet Maulbetsch, is going to be an eleven to be reckoned with on the gridiron this Fall." Maulbetsch returned to his prior form, and one of the writers who had criticized him in 1915 said "the great Michigander using the same method of attack, has repeatedly broken in fragments this year the lines that he couldn’t dent in 1915."
Professional football
After the 1916 football season ended, Maulbetsch considered his options. There was a report that he had been engaged as a high school football coach (and math instructor) in Toledo, Ohio. Even more prevalent were reports that he had signed to play for a professional football team. Professional football was still in its infancy in 1917, and landing a well-known star would have been a boost to any of the budding franchises. In January 1917 newspapers reported that Maulbetsch had signed a contract to play professional football for Detroit Tigers owner, Frank Navin. Navin was supporting efforts to organize a professional football league in all the important Midwestern cities, including a Detroit franchise to play at Navin Field. As late as November 1917, newspapers reported Maulbetsch had played professional football after graduating and was offered "a handsome fee" to play with the Akron Burkhardts in November 1917. Although professional football records prior to 1920 are scarce, it appears unlikely that Maulbetsch played professional football, as press accounts show he was working as a college football coach starting in 1917.
Head football coach
Building Phillips University into a football power (1917–1920)
In June 1917, Maulbetsch announced that he had accepted a position as the football coach (and professor of chemistry) at Phillips University in Enid, Oklahoma. Phillips was a small, private school without a well-known athletic program. In the fall, Enid residents were "leaving their work every afternoon to watch [Maulbetsch] and his husky young Oklahoma youths work out on campus." Within a year, Maulbetsch turned Phillips into one of the strongest teams in the southwest.
Maulbetsch landed his first big recruit before leaving Ann Arbor. While playing at Michigan, Maulbetsch became friends with Doug Roby, a football player at the Michigan Military Academy, and one of the state's top recruits. Roby followed Maulbetsch to Phillips and later went on to become a member of the International Olympic Committee in the 1950s and 1960s and president of the United States Olympic Committee from 1965 to 1968. Maulbetsch's next find was future Pro Football Hall of Famer Steve Owen, who later spent 23 years with the New York Giants. Maulbetsch saw Owen watching football practice from under a tree and told him: "A fellow your size ought to be out for the squad." Owen showed up the next day and, when Maulbetsch used him to illustrate blocking fundamentals, Owen threw a block into Maulbetsch that threw him five yards through the air. Maulbetsch was satisfied, and Owen had a spot on the team. Because Phillips was not part of a conference, it was not subject to any eligibility limitations, an advantage Maulbetsch was accused of exploiting. A third key player recruited by Maulbetsch was a Native American halfback named Levi, and dubbed "Big Chief" by Phillips fans.
Having recruited top talent to Enid, Maulbetsch's teams lost only one game in 1918 and 1919, including a 10–0–1 record in 1919. In 1917 and 1918, Phillips came into the limelight when they beat the Oklahoma Sooners and the Henry Kendricks College team that had swept the west without allowing another team to score. Maulbetsch arranged a game against the Texas Longhorns in 1919, the first meeting between the schools. When the game was announced The San Antonio Light reported: "Phillips University has one of the strongest teams in the Southwest. The only team to beat them in the past two years is Oklahoma and last year Phillips beat the Sooners 13–7." The report credited Maulbetsch for securing success at an institution little known in athletics before he arrived. The University of Texas had not lost a game since 1917 when the Phillips "Haymakers" arrived in Austin, Texas on October 11, 1919. Maulbetsch's team shocked the Longhorns, holding them scoreless and winning the contest, 10–0. One Texas newspaper reported that Phillips had "whitewashed the Longhorns in their own corral."
Others in Texas concluded that Phillips’ success was the result of lax or non-existent eligibility policies. The lack of eligibility rules almost certainly did play a part in Phillips’ success. When Phillips joined the Southwest Conference in 1920, it became bound by the conference's eligibility rules, and the team was outscored 97–0 in conference play against Texas A&M (47–0), Texas (27–0), Arkansas (20–0), and Texas Christian (3–0). The Galveston Daily News noted that Maulbetsch's 1920 team could not "compare with the strong team" he surprised Texas with in 1919. At the end of the 1920 season, Phillips withdrew from the Southwest Conference, and Maulbetsch accepted a new position at Oklahoma A&M.
Head coach at Oklahoma A&M (1921–1928)
In January 1921, Maulbetsch was hired as the head coach at Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College (now Oklahoma State) in Stillwater, Oklahoma. He served as the coach at Oklahoma A&M from 1921 to 1928, where his teams posted a 28–37–6 (.437) record. In 1924, his team went 6–1–2 and shut out Oklahoma (6–0), Arkansas (20–0) and Kansas (3–0). Maulbetsch's Aggies also shut out Phillips that year, 13–0. After the season, attempts were made to lure him to Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, but Maulbetsch said he was satisfied with his position in Stillwater.
Maulbetsch arranged a game in Ann Arbor against his alma mater to start the 1926 season. Michigan beat the Aggies, 42–3. Despite an overall record of 3–4–1, Oklahoma A&M won its first conference football championship by going 3–0–1 in games against Missouri Valley Intercollegiate Athletic Association opponents. Maulbetsch also drew attention in 1926 for his disciplinary methods. When the team lost two games due to fumbles, he ordered eight of his backfield players to carry footballs with them to classes throughout the week and instructed other team members to try knocking the balls from under their arms. The penalty for losing a ball was "a hard run around the stadium." He also ordered one of his ends to wear boxing gloves after he poked an opposing player in the eye.
The Aggies won only one game against seven defeats in 1928. In late November, the day after a 46–0 loss to Oklahoma, newspapers reported that "reliable sources" had said Maulbetsch intended to resign. Maulbetsch immediately denied the rumor, saying: "I have not resigned. I am aware that a faction here is trying to get me out, but I do not intend to throw up the sponge." In December, pressure to fire Maulbetsch grew, and one Oklahoma newspaper observed: "Coach Maulbetsch of the A. & M. football team is the object of attacks from many sides because of the rather poor showing made by his team during the past season. They are looking for a goat and just now Johnnie is cast in that role. Regardless of his past record, those who demand victory at any price and by any means whatsoever, are insisting that he be fired forthwith and a man be placed in the position who, by fair means or foul, will gather in a team that will win victories and never lose a game." Ultimately, Maulbetsch resigned at the end of May 1929 as Oklahoma A&M's coach in football, baseball, and basketball. It was announced that he would spend the remaining year of his contract on a leave of absence at half pay.
Head coach at Marshall College (1929–1930)
In July 1929, Maulbetsch was hired by Marshall College in Huntington, West Virginia to become head coach in charge of football and track. When Marshall's "Thundering Herd" got off to a 4–1 start, Maulbetsch won praise in the West Virginia press, but Marshall finished the season 1–2–1 in the second half. And in 1930, the Marshall team went 3–5–1, including a 65–0 loss to Penn State. Maulbetsch resigned as Marshall's coach in January 1931; his only comment at the time was that he had "other plans."
Later years and legacy
After retiring from football, Maulbetsch bought a drug store in Huntington, West Virginia. During World War II, Maulbetsch took a job building B-24 Liberator bombers at Ford Motor Company's famed Willow Run Plant near Ypsilanti, Michigan. From 1946 until his death, he owned an automobile sales company in Adrian, Michigan. Maulbetsch died of cancer in 1950 at his home in Ann Arbor. He was survived by his widow, Ida, a son John Maulbetsch, and a daughter Barbara. Maulbetsch had been married to Ida (maiden name Ida Elizabeth Cappon) since May 27, 1917.
Maulbetsch was inducted posthumously into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1973. Since 1956, the John F. Maulbetsch Award has been given at the University of Michigan after spring practice to a freshman football candidate on the basis of desire, character, capacity for leadership and future success both on and off the football field. The award was established by Frederick C. Matthaei – a former classmate of Maulbetsch who went on to become a Regent of the University. The award has been a good indicator of future success, as past recipients include Jim Mandich (1967), Rick Leach (1976), Charles Woodson (1996), Marlin Jackson (2002), and Jake Long (2004). Maulbetsch Avenue in Ypsilanti Township is presumably named after Maulbetsch.
Head coaching record
Football
Baseball | 8a8d8103-869e-4e67-b8d6-36b95980e903 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhejiang_Cancer_Hospital"} | Zhejiang Cancer Hospital is a government-run cancer hospital located in Hangzhou, China.
Zhejiang Cancer Hospital became the affiliated Cancer Hospital of university of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the hosting hospital of Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Science of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences on May 9, 2019 (Official announcement).
The hospital offers medical services to cancer patients from Zhejiang province and nearby regions. The hospital was established in 1963 as one of the four earliest cancer hospitals in China. The hospital also houses the Zhejiang Cancer Research Institute, where scientists and cancer clinicians perform research to find methods for curing cancer. | d479cf71-80ed-4ee5-a59a-5db2e3346767 |
null | Species of beetle
Tricholamia ruficornis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Hintz in 1911, originally under the genus Moechopsis. It is known from Tanzania and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. | dd4bc17b-6c49-4238-88b8-6e7677d6410c |
null | American football player (born 1970)
American football player
Glenn Foley (born October 10, 1970) is a former American football quarterback. He played professionally in the National Football League (NFL) with the New York Jets from 1994 to 1998 and the Seattle Seahawks in 1999 and in the Arena Football League with the New Jersey Gladiators in 2002.
Early life
Foley played high school football at Cherry Hill High School East in his hometown of Cherry Hill, New Jersey.
Boston College
Foley attended Boston College and played for the Boston College Eagles football team. In 1993, he led the Eagles in a 41–39 upset over previously undefeated Notre Dame and a victory over Virginia Cavaliers in the 1994 Carquest Bowl. To finish the season, he received 180 votes for the Heisman Trophy, finishing in fifth place.
NFL career
Entering the 1994 NFL Draft Foley worked out for almost all the teams in the NFL at the February scouting combine in Indianapolis.
Before the draft, Foley was rated by Miami Herald sports writer Alex Marvez and by Charles Bricker of the Fort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel as the draft’s third-best quarterback behind Heath Shuler and Trent Dilfer. NFL analyst Mel Kiper also rated Foley as the third-best quarterback in the draft, whilst The Californian rated him fourth behind Shuler, Dilfer, and Idaho’s Doug Nussmeier. Jim Thomas of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, however, did not rate Foley among the five best quarterbacks available. Those who had played against Foley in college had doubts about his size, durability, and consistency as a short passer, and Bricker said that Foley would not be chosen before the fourth round.
Foley was ultimately selected in the seventh round of the draft and played sporadically for the Jets from 1994 to 1998. From 1996 to 1998 he threw for 2,013 yards with 10 touchdowns and 14 interceptions during that three-season span. Foley was the Jets' starting quarterback to open the 1998 season, but injuries resulted in Vinny Testaverde taking the starting job.
Foley was traded to the Seattle Seahawks in 1999. He was released in a cost-cutting move during the Seahawks' final cuts before the 2000 season.
Post–playing career
Foley worked at Sports Radio 950 AM in Philadelphia from August 2006 until March 2008 when WPEN joined ESPN Radio.
Foley was also camp director at Valley Forge Military Academy in Wayne, Pennsylvania. In 2010, he served as the Academy's head football coach. In his only season as head coach he led the team to an 8–0 record. After leaving Valley Forge, Foley worked as an instructor for Football University.
Personal life
Foley's father, Ed Sr., was a quarterback for Boston College from 1963 to 1965. His brother, Ed Jr. is, as of 2021, the Assistant Special Teams Coach of the NFL's Carolina Panthers. In the past Ed has Coached at Baylor and Temple, acting as recruiting coordinator for the Temple Owls and was the head coach of the Fordham Rams from 2004 to 2005.
Foley, married to his wife Theresa, has four boys and a daughter. As of 2011, Foley lives in Maryland. | ff253c08-f5e8-4cd8-a151-b64d42b54d6b |
null | On 23 August 2016, Smail Ayad, a 29-year-old French national, carried out a stabbing attack at a backpackers' hostel in Home Hill, Queensland, Australia. The attack caused the death of two people and a dog, and left one person injured.
It was alleged that Ayad used the Arabic phrase "Allahu akbar" both during the attack and his arrest, and while police had ruled out any links to extremism, they were still investigating whether he had a romantic interest in victim Mia Ayliffe-Chung. Police have indicated Ayad had used cannabis on the night of the attack. He also sang the French national anthem during the attack.
On 25 August 2016, Ayad was charged with the crimes of murder, attempted murder, serious animal cruelty and serious assault. On 27 October 2016, Ayad's trial was adjourned to Mental Health Court, as a result of determining a preliminary diagnosis of schizophrenia. This diagnosis was confirmed by the Mental Health Court on 5 April 2018, resulting in the criminal charges being dropped and an order was made to detain him in The Park Centre for Mental Health in Brisbane for treatment.
Attack
Ayad attacked Mia Ayliffe-Chung, his roommate, as she lay in her bunk. A man of Arabic descent armed with a large knife dragged a young woman from her bed at the hostel and out onto a balcony. He held the knife to her throat and told other guests who had now gathered to leave the area. On hearing the commotion, the hostel manager appeared on the balcony and began to approach the armed offender. Another guest arrived and pleaded with the offender to drop the weapon. The offender inflicted a wound to the young woman and, after she fell to the floor, he continued to assault her with the knife. The hostel manager attempted to reach the injured woman but was wounded in the leg by the offender. The young woman got to her feet and ran down a corridor towards the safety of a bathroom. She was followed by another guest who had called 000. Without thinking of his own safety, Tom Jackson ran upstairs to the bathroom to assist the injured woman. After applying pressure to her substantial wounds, Mr Jackson and the other man began to move her from the cubicle and out of the bathroom. On opening the door to the bathroom, Mr Jackson was confronted by the armed offender. He attempted to close the door, but the offender kicked it open and entered the bathroom. The offender began to assault Mr Jackson with the knife, inflicting severe wounds. The other guest quickly left the bathroom, yelling for assistance. Ayad then chased the hostel's pet dog, Atari, around the yard stabbing the dog until it died. British backpacker Tom Jackson died in hospital several days later. Ayad continued to scream "Allahu akbar" as police officers worked to subdue him and threatened to taser him, injuring several officers. Jackson and another guest, Daniel Richards, were subsequently awarded the Queen's Gallantry Medal for their efforts to aid Ayliffe-Chung. Moreover, on 24 March 2021, Tom Jackson was also honored posthumously with the Star of Courage, one of Australia's highest bravery awards, for displaying extraordinary selflessness during the attack.
Victims
Both Ayliffe-Chung and the dog Atari died at the scene. Jackson suffered critical injuries in the attack, as he had been stabbed in one of his eyes and his brain, and died five days later in hospital. Schultz, an official at the hostel, suffered stab wounds to the leg.
Attacker
Smail Ayad, who was 29 at the time of the murders, is a French national. Ayad went out drinking once a week, like many backpackers, where on Saturday nights he would travel to Ayr for rum or beer with other Frenchmen.
Since his arrest, he has been transferred from Stuart prison to a secure mental health facility in Brisbane.
Ayad was initially charged with Ayliffe-Chung's murder, the attempted murders of Jackson and Schultz, and a charge of animal cruelty. An additional 12 counts of assaulting police were laid a few days later arising from his attack on the police officers who had subdued him. One of the attempted murder charges was upgraded to murder after Jackson died.
On 5 April 2018, the Queensland Mental Health Court determined that Ayad was of unsound mind at the time of the killings. Four psychiatrists found he had paranoid schizophrenia whilst believing he was the target of an international conspiracy to kill him. As a result, the criminal charges were dropped against Ayad as it could not be proven he had an intent to kill. The court directed Ayad to be detained in The Park Centre for Mental Health for treatment.
On 1 July 2020, coroner Nerida Wilson confirmed the preliminary findings, but also told that an inquest would be useless, since it only could come to exactly the same conclusion. Meanwhile, Ayad is still waiting for repatriation to France.
In October 2021, Ayad was deported to France, at which time he was placed at a psychiatric health facility.
Responses
The Islamic Council of Queensland criticised media reports for quickly linking use of this phrase with Islamic terrorism. On 25 August 2016, the authorities were confident the stabbings were not an act of terrorism. Several backpackers who have stayed at Home Hill before the double murder spoke out against the violence that had broken out previously and the drinking culture among the backpackers. The town was called "Hell Hill" even before the murder incident and one former resident warned others to "avoid it at all costs". Ayliffe-Chung's mother, Rosie Ayliffe, came to Australia for her daughter's cremation and began to investigate working conditions on Australian farms. | bd1c9d0b-8d83-4c4c-8713-3f06e44cfd52 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roads_(album)"} | 2012 studio album by Chris Mann
Roads is the debut studio album by American recording artist Chris Mann, released on October 30, 2012, by Universal Republic. Mann participated in the season two of the singing reality show The Voice, ultimately placing fourth, but being the first of the second season to release an album. The album was produced by Keith Thomas, Marco Marinangeli, Marius de Vries, Walter Afanasieff and others.
"Roads" is a vocal pop, classical crossover and traditional pop album, with covers from Lady Antebellum, Damien Rice, Coldplay and Frank Sinatra, as well as new songs. It also features classic covers, such as "Always on My Mind" and "Ave Maria". The album also features vocals from his coach on The Voice, the American recording artist Christina Aguilera.
Background
A classically trained singer, Chris Mann came to the public's attention while appearing as a contestant on the second season of NBC's singing reality show The Voice in 2012. However, Mann had already released 2 self-titled extended plays, the first being in 2009 and the second in 2011. While auditioning for The Voice, Mann was initially chosen by judges Christina Aguilera and CeeLo Green after singing Andrea Bocelli's "Because We Believe (Ama Credi E Vai)". He chose to be part of Team Christina Aguilera, on whose team he had hoped to be selected from the start. Mann was ultimately placed fourth, behind winner Jermaine Paul, runner-up Juliet Simms, and third-place finisher Tony Lucca. However, it was enough to give him a ready fan base and a recording contract with Universal Republic, ultimately releasing his debut solo album, Roads.
Recording
Roads is a vocal pop, classical crossover and traditional pop album, featuring covers, as well as new songs. The first track and lead single is a brand new song, also called "Roads". Lyrically, it talks about staying on your own path while dealing with life’s uncertainties. Mann also received co-writing credits on some songs such as "Cuore", co-written by Savan Kotecha and Marco Marinangeli, and on "Falling", co-written by Liz Rose and Keith Thomas.
Mann also covered a handful of tracks. He covered three recent hit tracks: Lady Antebellum's "Need You Now", Damien Rice's "The Blower's Daughter" (which features his coach on The Voice, Christina Aguilera) and Coldplay's "Viva La Vida" (which he already sang on The Voice). Mann also recorded three classics: Frank Sinatra's "My Way", "Always on My Mind" and "Ave Maria".
Critical reception
Matt Collar of AllMusic gave the album 3 out of possible 5 stars, writing that Roads is "a languid, passionate, and well-produced album, and beautifully showcases Mann's Vanderbilt University-trained vocal chops. Rather than attempt to shoe horn Mann's mature vocal aesthetic into a younger, teen- or dance-oriented sound, here we get a selection of thoughtful covers and originals that straddle the line between measured, adult contemporary radio styles and more of a classical crossover approach." Collar also wrote that the covers, such as "Need You Now" and "The Blower's Daughter", "rachet up the sweeping, cinematic qualities of the songs while allowing him plenty of room to shine." By the end of the review, he concluded that "Ultimately, Roads will not disappoint fans who championed Mann on The Voice."
Track listing
Charts
The album debuted at number 188 on the Billboard 200 chart, also debuting at number 4 on the Top Heatseekers chart. | 6bd74aca-3d84-4d94-aa3a-791ba71fee9c |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harper%27s_Brook"} | River in Northamptonshire, England
Harper's Brook is a tributary of the River Nene which runs through Northamptonshire.
According to sources (ordnance survey sheet 141) it rises to the North of Desborough and meanders through the north of the county of Northamptonshire, passing through the town of Corby and on until it joins the River Nene at Aldwinckle, just north of Thrapston. | 2130ad1d-a54b-49a7-9f32-cc1cacfae8fe |
null | Thad Brown or Thaddeus Brown could refer to: | 29a6fe13-a165-4621-9743-3815a94229ba |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimson-Shell"} | Japanese manga series
Crimson-Shell is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Jun Mochizuki. It was serialized in Square Enix's Monthly GFantasy from August 2005 to January 2006, with its chapters collected in a single tankōbon volume.
Publication
Written and illustrated by Jun Mochizuki, Crimson-Shell was serialized in Square Enix's shōnen manga magazine Monthly GFantasy from August 18, 2005, to January 18, 2006. The chapters were collected into a single tankōbon volume, which was released on March 27, 2006.
In April 2009, Yen Press announced they licensed the series for English publication. They released the volume on November 17, 2009.
Reception
Chris Beveridge from The Fandom Post praised the art, while noted that the plot "feels like only a taste of what [the plot] could have been". Unlike Beveridge, Koiwai from Manga News praised the art and the story, while also recommending the series to fans of the author's next work, Pandora Hearts. Christel Scheja from Splash Comics shared similar opinions to Beveridge, stating that "Crimson Shell is one of those titles that you can read if you do not know many other mystery titles, | aeefd3c0-5a02-477a-abdf-03d5108b57f8 |
null | Jurong Health Connect is a community health project started in Jurong - a region in Singapore with more than half a million residents.
The project was initiated by then Acting Minister of Health Mr Khaw Boon Wan, and was officially launched on 3 July 2004. The aim is to develop a patient-centric, seamless, and accessible healthcare network for the residents in Jurong. Successful components of the pilot would then be replicated in other parts of Singapore. | ab3a1363-f09d-413a-b38a-03c49996f10e |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathexis"} | Psychoanalytic concept of allocation of emotional energy
In psychoanalysis, cathexis (or emotional investment) is defined as the process of allocation of mental or emotional energy to a person, object, or idea.
Origin of term
The Greek term cathexis (κάθεξις) was chosen by James Strachey to render the German term Besetzung in his translation of Sigmund Freud's complete works. Freud himself used the word "interest" in English in an early letter to Ernest Jones.
Peter Gay objected that Strachey's use of cathexis was an unnecessarily esoteric replacement for Freud's use of Besetzung – "a word from common German speech rich in suggestive meanings, among them 'occupation' (by troops) and 'charge' (of electricity)", though Gay is mistaken regarding his latter example. Gay may have been confused by the common use of the English word "charge" to refer to both "allocation/allocating" and the "energy" allocated in cathexis, e.g. "emotional charge", "counter-charge", "to charge with an affect".[citation needed]
Usage
Freud defined cathexis as an allocation of libido, pointing out for example how dream thoughts were charged with different amounts of affect. A cathexis or allocation of emotional charge might be positive or negative, leading some of his followers to speak of a cathexis of mortido as well. Freud called a group of cathected ideas a complex.
Freud frequently described the functioning of psychosexual energies in quasi-physical terms,[need quotation to verify] representing frustration of libidinal desires, for example, as a blockage of (cathected) energies which would eventually build up and require release in alternative ways. This release could occur, for example, by way of regression and the "re-cathecting" of former positions or fixations, or the autoerotic enjoyment (in phantasy) of former sexual objects: "object-cathexes".
Freud used the term "anti-cathexis" or counter-charge to describe how the ego blocks such regressive efforts to discharge one's cathexis: that is, when the ego wishes to repress such desires. Like a steam engine, the libido's cathexis then builds up until it finds alternative outlets, which can lead to sublimation, reaction formation, or the construction of (sometimes disabling) symptoms.
M. Scott Peck distinguishes between love and cathexis, with cathexis being the initial in-love phase of a relationship, and love being the ongoing commitment of care. Cathexis, to Peck, is distinguished from love by its dynamic element.
Object relations
Freud saw the early cathexis of objects with libidinal energy as a central aspect of human development. In describing the withdrawal of cathexes which accompanied the mourning process, Freud provided his major contribution to the foundation of object relations theory.
Thinking
Freud saw thinking as an experimental process involving minimal amounts of cathexis, "in the same way as a general shifts small figures about on a map".
In delusions, it was the hypercathexis (or over-charging) of ideas previously dismissed as odd or eccentric which he saw as causing the subsequent pathology.
Art
Eric Berne raised the possibility that child art often represented the intensity of cathexis invested in an object, rather than its objective form.
Criticism
Critics charge that the term provides a potentially misleading neurophysiological analogy, which might be applicable to the cathexis of ideas but certainly not of objects.
Further ambiguity in Freud's usage emerges in the contrast between cathexis as a measurable load of (undifferentiated) libido, and as a qualitatively distinct type of affect – as in a "cathexis of longing". | 7626d4a8-bb06-4f81-b02c-5cb5c896656b |
null | American football player (born 1960)
American football player
Whit Taylor (born January 8, 1960) is a retired college and professional football quarterback. He was an all-Southeastern Conference quarterback for Vanderbilt University from 1979–1982, a period which included a trip to the 1982 Hall of Fame Bowl. His career at Vanderbilt led in 2003 to his recognition as an SEC Football Legend.
After attempting a career in the National Football League, he became a backup quarterback for the Michigan Panthers of the United States Football League and then became quarterback of the Denver Dynamite of the Arena Football League in 1987. In that year he became the first player ever to pass for ten touchdowns in any professional game of American football, a record which stood for over a decade.[citation needed]
Taylor was a principal at Shelbyville Central High School. He is now a vice principal at a local elementary school.
Biography
Professional career
In 1987, Taylor lead the Denver Dynamite to a 45-16 victory over the Pittsburgh Gladiators in ArenaBowl I. Taylor threw four touchdowns during the game, three of them to future Arena Football Hall of Famer Gary Mullen.
After football
Taylor got his start in coaching at the collegiate level, serving as quarterbacks coach at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga in 1988-1989. He worked as a high school football coach and teacher in the Middle Tennessee area at Shelbyville's Central High School, his high school alma mater.
In 2006, he left coaching to go into educational administration. He served as the Harris Middle School Assistant Principal for a few years. He was the Principal of Shelbyville Central High School. He was the vice principal of Eastside Elementary. Whit has now retired from his education career starting in the 2020-2021 school year | 34113997-b517-494e-887f-487e4bf2c768 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postville,_Wisconsin"} | Unincorporated community in Wisconsin, United States
Postville (formerly known as Stewart) is an unincorporated community located in the town of York, Green County, Wisconsin, United States.
Notable people | 933cdef1-8a89-43c5-9a3e-f1420975436d |
null | Rural locality in Sakha Republic, Russia
Kyulyunken is a rural locality in Tomponsky Ulus of the Sakha Republic, Russia.
Coordinates: 64°09′N 136°03′E / 64.150°N 136.050°E / 64.150; 136.050 | b70c80d1-d992-448f-8049-3d56f5881ab4 |
null | In molecular biology, Xanthomonas sRNA are small RNAs which have been identified in various species of the bacterium Xanthomonas.
Analysis of the plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria revealed expression of seven cis-encoded antisense RNAs (asX1-asX7) and 15 intergenic sRNAs (sX1 - sX15). Several sRNAs have also been identified in Xanthomonas campestris pathovar campestris. Some of these X. campestris sRNAs are only found in Xanthomonas, some are also expressed in other bacteria. Several of these sRNAs appear to contribute to virulence, including sX12, sX13 and sRNA-Xcc1.
Computational analysis predicts 63 sRNAs in Xanthomonas oryzae pathovar oryzae, expression of 8 of these has been experimentally confirmed. Expression of three of these is Hfq-dependent. | 9af59e70-6cd4-4cba-bea8-ea3dd7c07139 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellar_Darling"} | Folk metal band from Switzerland
Cellar Darling are a three-piece Swiss progressive metal band from Winterthur and Lucerne, founded in 2016. The group was formed by Anna Murphy (vocals, hurdy-gurdy, flute), Merlin Sutter (drums) and Ivo Henzi (guitars and bass). Cellar Darling incorporates heavy metal, folk, classical, and progressive influences. Notably, the band uses a hurdy-gurdy and a transverse flute. The trio were previously part of the Swiss metal band Eluveitie.
History
Formation
In May 2016 three longtime members of Eluveitie announced their departure from the band. Anna Murphy - female singer and hurdy-gurdy player, Ivo Henzi - guitarist, and Merlin Sutter - drummer parted ways with Eluveitie in a highly publicised split. The exact details of the split were not cited in the press, but wide speculation ensued among fans. In June 2016 the trio announced the creation of Cellar Darling. The band quickly began working on new music for their debut release.
On 23 September 2016 Cellar Darling launched a single called "Challenge" along with the b-side track "Fire, Wind & Earth". The single was self released and the video was created and directed by the band themselves. The musical style of the initial release was a concrete departure from the folk metal genre of their previous band. Cellar Darling played their first shows in December 2016, supporting Amorphis in Zurich, Switzerland and The Gentle Storm in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
"This Is The Sound" and signing to Nuclear Blast
In January 2017 the trio announced their signing to a German independent metal label Nuclear Blast Records, and that their debut album would be released through the label the following summer.
In May, it was announced that Cellar Darling's first album would be titled This Is the Sound and was to be released on 30 June 2017. A tracklist of the album was introduced.
Cellar Darling released their second ever single called "Black Moon" on 19 May 2017, along with a music video. This was followed on 17 June 2017 with a third single, "Avalanche". Both videos were shot in Tenerife.
The debut album was released on 30 June 2017 to widespread critical acclaim.
"The Spell"
On 2 November 2018 "Insomnia" was released, accompanied by a music video created by Costin Chioreanu.
Cellar Darling's second album The Spell was released on 22 March 2019 on Nuclear Blast Records. "The Spell" is a concept album telling a story of "an unnamed girl who is birthed into a world that is full of pain, damaged and debilitated by the human beings that inhabit it".
Members
Live musicians
Guest musicians
Discography
Albums
Singles
Music videos | 1498c032-f0d5-4ace-9b3e-b908af38ad7c |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1rio_Gonzalez_(golfer)"} | Brazilian professional golfer (1922–2019)
Mário Gonzalez (22 November 1922 – 29 July 2019) was a Brazilian professional golfer. He was one of the first players from his country to have enjoyed success on the international circuit and was known as the "father of Brazilian golf".
Amateur career
As an amateur, Gonzalez had a great deal of success and built a reputation around the world. He won the Brazil Amateur Championship nine times, the Brazil Open twice, the Argentine Open in 1941, and the Spanish Open in 1947. He also played in several tournaments and matches in the United States; in 1941 he finished in a tie for sixth place in Chicago Open and tied a match with Bobby Jones. He had one other top-ten finish in a PGA Tour event, which came at the 1946 Pensacola Open. In the 1948 Open Championship he was near the top of the leaderboard before a poor final round saw him finish 11th, which was still enough to tie for low amateur honours.
Professional career
After turning professional in 1949, he became the head professional at Gávea Golf and Country Club in Rio de Janeiro, where he remained until 1984. Although he did not pursue a playing career, he won many more tournaments including the Brazil Open a further 6 times and a second Argentine Open in 1953. He also represented Brazil in the Canada Cup, on sixteen occasions. In 1961 he was asked to appear in the first edition of Shell's Wonderful World of Golf; in the match held at Gávea, he beat Billy Casper by three strokes.
Gonzalez played in few international tournaments as a professional. However he did occasionally play in the major championships, recording best finishes of tied for 33rd in the 1956 Open Championship and tied for 48th in the 1962 Masters Tournament. In 2006 he was recognised by being awarded the honour of Officer of the Order of Rio Branco.
Personal
Gonzalez was born in Santana do Livramento. His father José Maria, was a teaching professional and course designer. His younger brother José Maria Gonzalez Filho was also an accomplished golfer, winning the Brazilian Amateur four times, and his son Jaime Gonzalez has enjoyed a successful career playing on both the European Tour and PGA Tour.
Amateur wins
Professional wins (15)
Team appearances
Professional | 55d8d432-da40-42b4-ab4e-b47a42723854 |
null | Species of bacterium
Xenorhabdus stockiae is a bacterium from the genus of Xenorhabdus which has been isolated from the nematode Steinernema siamkayai in Thailand. | 1a20217a-80f0-4358-901c-296032650c1e |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelenly"} | Coordinates: 40°16′01″N 48°47′59″E / 40.26694°N 48.79972°E / 40.26694; 48.79972
Place in Hajigabul, Azerbaijan
Kelenly is a village in the Hajigabul Rayon of Azerbaijan. | 67e89f41-05c1-42bb-9706-4d6148422c72 |
null | British writer of spy fiction and screenwriter.
Charles Cumming (born 1971) is a British writer of spy fiction and a screenwriter.
Early life and education
Cumming was born in 1971, in Ayr, Scotland, the son of Ian Cumming (b. 1938) and Caroline Pilkington (b. 1943).
He was educated at Ludgrove School (1979–1984), Eton College (1985–1989) and the University of Edinburgh (1990–1994), where he earned a first class honours degree in English Literature.
In 1995, Cumming was approached for recruitment by the United Kingdom's Secret Intelligence Service (MI6) but did not go on to work for them.
Career
Cumming's first novel, A Spy by Nature, was published in the UK in June 2001. The novel's hero, Alec Milius, is a flawed loner in his early 20s who is instructed by MI5 to sell doctored research data on oil exploration in the Caspian Sea to the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).
In August 2001, Cumming moved to Madrid. His second novel, The Hidden Man (2003), tells the story of two brothers investigating the murder of their father, a former SIS officer, at the hands of the Russian mafia. The Hidden Man also examines the clandestine role played by SIS and the CIA during the Soviet–Afghan War.
His third novel, The Spanish Game (2006), marks the return of anti-hero Alec Milius, who becomes involved in a plot by the paramilitary Basque nationalist organization ETA to bring down the Spanish government. The Spanish Game was described by The Times as one of the six finest spy novels of all time, alongside Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy, Funeral in Berlin and The Scarlet Pimpernel.
Typhoon, published in the UK in 2008, is a political thriller about a CIA plot to destabilise China on the eve of the Beijing Olympics. The story spans the decade from the transfer of the sovereignty of Hong Kong in 1997 to present-day Shanghai. In particular, the author highlights the plight of the Uyghur Muslim population in Xinjiang, a semi-autonomous region of China. The novelist William Boyd described Typhoon as "a wholly compelling and sophisticated spy novel – vivid and disturbing – immaculately researched and full of harrowing contemporary relevance." Typhoon was listed by The New York Times as one of the 100 Notable Books of 2009.
Cumming's fifth novel, The Trinity Six, a thriller about the discovery of a sixth member of the Cambridge spies ring, was published in 2011. The Washington Post named The Trinity Six as one of the Notable Books of 2011.
A Foreign Country, his sixth novel, concerning the disappearance of the first female Chief of MI6, was published in 2012. It is the first in a trilogy of novels about disgraced MI6 officer Thomas Kell. The novel is being developed into a television series by Bluegrass Films. A Foreign Country was named the first Scottish Crime Book of the Year at the inaugural Bloody Scotland Festival in Stirling in September 2012. It won the CWA Ian Fleming Steel Dagger for the best thriller of 2012.
A sequel, entitled A Colder War, in which Kell investigates a traitor inside western intelligence, was published in 2014. The novel won the CrimeFest eDunnit Award for Best Crime eBook of the Year.
The third novel in the Thomas Kell series, A Divided Spy, was published in 2016.
Cumming's ninth novel, The Man Between, was published in 2018. Released in the United States as The Moroccan Girl, it tells the story of a writer who agrees to spy for MI6 while attending a literary festival in Morocco. This was followed up in 2020 by BOX88, a thriller set in both the present day and in 1989. The protagonist, Lachlan Kite, is recruited into a top secret UK and US intelligence network while attending Alford, a fictional public school modelled on Eton College. A sequel, JUDAS62 was published in the UK in 2021. Now a university student, Kite is sent to the Russian city of Voronezh in 1993 to extract a chemical weapons scientist. In the present day he mounts an operation against the FSB in Dubai.
Cumming's novels have been translated into fourteen languages. His work is published in the United Kingdom by HarperCollins, in the United States by Mysterious Press and in Spain by Salamandra.
In 2015, Cumming sold an original screenplay, The Plane, to DiBonaventura Pictures. The film was released by Lionsgate as Plane in 2023 starring Gerard Butler and Mike Colter. It was directed by Jean-Francois Richet.
Cumming was also an assistant editor of The Week from 1996–2013.
Personal life
Cumming lives in west London. He is married and has three children.
He is one of the trustees of The Pierce Loughran Memorial Scholarship fund, which provides tuition fees for the Yeats Summer School in Sligo, Ireland. He is also the founder and President of the José Raúl Capablanca Memorial Chess Society.
Bibliography | eb5a8bf8-28d8-489a-89c0-f96ac9086294 |
null | Vladimir Popović (17 August 1935 – 12 May 1981) was a famous Yugoslavian actor. He was also credited as Vlada Popović and Vlado Popović.
Filmography | 9911898e-b284-46bd-9c54-8fb13b00a2d9 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_road_D.850_(Turkey)"} | D.850 is a north to south state road in Turkey. It starts at Ünye at Black Sea coast and ends at Öncüpınar, the Syrian border check point. Since it runs all the way from north to south it crosses the three main west to east highways namely D.100, D.300 and D.400.
Itinerary
References and notes | 90ac6eb4-c8cf-42c0-b1ce-aa1d229958ea |
null | Colombian football manager
Luis Fernando Montoya Soto (born 2 May 1957) is a former Colombian football manager, best known for leading Once Caldas to winning 2004 Copa Libertadores. He was shot during a robbery in December 2004. Since then he has been struggling with a tetraplegia.
Career
He started his career as a technical manager in Caldas, where he stood out as a good contributor then he began his physical training at the Jaime Izasa Cadavid Polytechnic at Medellín, although this was hidden from his father, who he did not want to share his studies where he focussed on his passion of sports.
Years after he went to different Antioquia leagues, where he got several titles, which led him to direct Colombian teams in minor football soccer divisions.
He made an excellent career in the minor divisions of the National Athletic professional soccer team gaining champion titles in different categories. He led Atlético Nacional to the Colombian Professional Football Championship getting the subchampionship in 2002 into the second semester.
Montoya coached Once Caldas leading the team to win the Mustang Cup for the first time in their history (apart from 1950 win) and the Copa Libertadores de América in 2004, those achievements made Montoya the South American Coach of the Year in that year.
Now, he writes for popular Colombian newspapers like El Tiempo and La Patria and teaches sport journalism in several Colombian Universities.
Personal life
He was born in the town of Caldas, Colombia. He married Adriana Herrera in 1998 and had a child in 2001 named José Fernando Montoya who has been a symbol of Luis Fernando's life spirit. In December 2004, Montoya was left paralyzed after he got shot during an attempted robbery in Caldas near Medellín. Since then he had been under experimental stem cell treatment to help him get better. A practicing Catholic and full of tenacity, he has become an example of permanent hope against paralysis to Colombians and has been called The Champion of Life. Nowadays, he lives in Medellín with his son and his wife. | b68e7bc2-2e57-4b16-8f15-cfa1da8d76cf |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Itten"} | Swiss painter, designer, and art educator
Johannes Itten (11 November 1888 – 25 March 1967) was a Swiss expressionist painter, designer, teacher, writer and theorist associated with the Bauhaus (Staatliches Bauhaus) school. Together with German-American painter Lyonel Feininger and German sculptor Gerhard Marcks, under the direction of German architect Walter Gropius, Itten was part of the core of the Weimar Bauhaus.
Life and work
He was born in Südern-Linden, Switzerland. From 1904 to 1908 he trained as an elementary school teacher. Beginning in 1908 he taught using methods developed by the creator of the kindergarten concept, Friedrich Fröbel, and was exposed to the ideas of psychoanalysis. In 1909 he enrolled at the École des Beaux-Arts in Geneva but was unimpressed with the educators there, and returned to Bern. Itten's studies at the Bern-Hofwil Teachers' Academy with Ernst Schneider proved seminal for his later work as a master at the Bauhaus. Itten adopted principles espoused by Schneider, including the practice of not correcting his students' creative work on an individual basis, for fear that this would crush the creative impulse. Rather, he selected certain common mistakes to correct for the class as a whole. In 1912, he returned to Geneva, where he studied under Eugène Gilliard, an abstract painter.
He was heavily influenced by Adolf Hölzel and Franz Cižek. Itten opened a private art school in Vienna, using the work and textbook of Eugène Gilliard as a base. From Hölzel, Itten adopted a series of basic shapes (the line, the plane, the circle, the spiral) as a means from which to begin creation, and the use of gymnastic exercises to relax his students and prepare them for the experiences that were to occur in the class.
From 1919 to 1922, Itten taught at the Bauhaus, developing the innovative "preliminary course" which was to teach students the basics of material characteristics, composition, and color. "Itten theorized seven types of color contrast and devised exercises to teach them. His color contrasts include[d] (1) contrast by hue, (2) contrast by value, (3) contrast by temperature, (4) contrast by complements (neutralization), (5) simultaneous contrast (from Chevreuil), (6) contrast by saturation (mixtures with gray), and (7) contrast by extension (from Goethe)."
In 1919 he invited Gertrud Grunow, to teach a course on the "theory of harmony" at the Bauhaus. This involved using music and relaxation techniques with the aim of improving the students' creativity.
In 1920 Itten invited Paul Klee and Georg Muche to join him at the Bauhaus. He published a book, The Art of Color, which describes his ideas as a furthering of Adolf Hölzel's color wheel. Itten's so called "color sphere" went on to include 12 colors.
In 1924, Itten established the Ontos Weaving Workshops near Zurich, with the help of Bauhaus weaver Gunta Stölzl.
Itten was a follower of Mazdaznan, a fire cult originating in the United States that was largely derived from Zoroastrianism. He observed a strict vegetarian diet and practiced meditation as a means to develop inner understanding and intuition, which was for him the principal source of artistic inspiration and practice. Itten's mysticism and the reverence in which he was held by a group of the students, some of whom converted to Mazdaznan (e.g. Georg Muche), created conflict with Walter Gropius who wanted to move the school in a direction that embraced mass production rather than solely individual artistic expression. The rift led to Itten's resignation from the Bauhaus and his prompt replacement by László Moholy-Nagy in 1923. From 1926 to 1934 he had a small art and architecture school in Berlin, in which Ernst Neufert, the former chief-architect of Walter Gropius at the Bauhaus, taught as well from 1932 to 1934.
Itten's works exploring the use and composition of color resemble the square op art canvases of artists such as Josef Albers, Max Bill and Bridget Riley, and the expressionist works of Wassily Kandinsky.
Influence
Itten's work on color is also said to be an inspiration for seasonal color analysis. Itten had been the first to associate color palettes with four types of people, and had designated those types with the names of seasons. His studies of color palettes and color interaction directly influenced the Op Art movement and other color abstraction base movements. Shortly after his death, his designations gained popularity in the cosmetics industry with the publication of Color Me A Season. Cosmetologists today continue to use seasonal color analysis, a tribute to the early work by Itten.
Bibliography
Filmography | 796fb511-db29-4519-8f3a-909cfc7fd520 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carva"} | Carva is a Lean Steer elliptical cross-trainer, human-powered, tricycle. Two wheels in the front and one in the back. Used to simulate outdoor walking or running without causing excessive pressure to the joints, hence decreasing the risk of impact injuries.
Carva offers a non-impact cardiovascular workout that can vary from light to high intensity based on the riding preference chosen by the user.[non-primary source needed]
Lean Steer
Steering mechanism actuated by degree of body lean and weight transfer.
Uses
Carva can be employed for many uses:
Brakes
Carva uses standard bicycle brakes like: rim brakes, in which friction pads are compressed against the wheel rims; internal hub brakes, in which the friction pads are contained within the wheel hubs; or disc brakes, with a separate rotor for braking.
With hand-operated brakes, force is applied to brake levers mounted on the handlebars and transmitted via Bowden cables or hydraulic lines to the friction pads. A rear hub brake may be either hand-operated or pedal-actuated, as in the back pedal coaster brakes which were popular in North America until the 1960s, and are common in children's bicycles.
Sources | 3c6641fb-6cd2-4ed8-aac4-793a86bdc047 |
null | Species of beetle
Enes pallidus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Fisher in 1925. | c477a94a-2742-4c19-932a-a67f041c21fc |
null | Trịnh Thị Ngọc Trinh (Hán tự: 鄭氏玉楨, ? - ?) was a queen consort of Later Lê dynasty. She was the wife of emperor Lê Kính Tông and mother of emperor Lê Thần Tông.
Biography
Empress Trịnh Thị Ngọc Trinh was the second daughter of lord Trịnh Tùng. She was born at Bình Lăng village, Tứ Kỳ district, Hải Đông town. [citation needed]
She was given in the marriage with prince Lê Duy Tân in 1599 when he became emperor Kính Tông. Her hereditary title was Đoan Từ Empress (端慈皇后). [citation needed]
In 1619, after the fall of coup d'état to exterminate lord Trịnh Tùng, Lê Kính Tông killed himself by a string and his comrade Trịnh Xuân was executed heartlessly. In that time, an official suggested lord Trịnh Tùng to support the duke Lê Trụ as new emperor, but Trịnh Thị Ngọc Trinh cried and persuaded him to support her son Duy Kỳ [citation needed]. Finally prince Lê Duy Kỳ was acceded to the throne as emperor Thần Tông. Trịnh Thị Ngọc Trinh became Đoan Từ Dowager Empress (端慈皇太后). [citation needed]
Her posthumous name was Đoan Từ Huệ Dowager Empress (端慈惠皇太后). | f605c6d3-09d3-457d-837b-27f1fc7f2c53 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jay_Della_Valle"} | Musical artist
Jay Della Valle (born August 19, 1979) best known for his documentary The Glorious Mustache Challenge, and for his role as Sue in the Independent Feature Film, "Mount Joy"- is an American filmmaker, recording artist, singer and songwriter.
Early life and Current
Della Valle was born in Hackensack, New Jersey. He is of Italian, Irish, and Czech ancestry. He grew up in Wayne, New Jersey and attended Wayne Valley High School.
Musical career
While attending New York University, Della Valle played with various bands including The Offbeats. After graduating from NYU in 2001 with a degree from the Gallatin School of Individualized Study, Della Valle recorded an independent EP called Best Years with bandmate Jon Crane and producer Chris "Gibby" Gibson (Quicksand, Rival Schools). He followed this with 2 other independent EPs before starting to record his first full-length debut album, Pink Elephants, in 2005 with producer Jon Berman (Ours, The Dandy Warhols, Avril Lavigne, Duncan Sheik). He then returned to Chris Gibson in 2008 to record Stay Gold with his band. In 2009, Della Valle toured the east coast with Stache Bash, Della Valle's own invention: a "mustache party rock n'roll tour" he cultivated from his films burgeoning following. A video for his single, Legs So Long It's Crazy, was made in early 2009. Della Valle's 2nd full-length album, The Terminology of the Situation Is.... was released in May 2011. In 2012, Jay joined up with former Della Valle keyboardist/violinist & singer Nicole DeLoi to form the Indie Folk Duo "Owls & Lions" who got their start performing at weddings. Jay's song "Head Above Water" can be heard in the 2014 Lionsgate film "My Man Is A Loser" starring John Stamos & Michael Rapaport. Jay was recently cast in the Independent Feature Film, Mount Joy- about a punk rock band from Pennsylvania his character fronts called Living Daylights. Jay Della Valle wrote all the songs for the band Living Daylights.
Film career
Della Valle started acting in 1995 while still in high school. After graduating high school in 1997, he attended New York University to further pursue theatre and film opportunities. He worked on a number of independent films and theatre productions while still in college. After graduating NYU in 2001, Della Valle enrolled in the Maggie Flanigan Studio to study the Meisner technique of acting under the mentorship of Maggie Flanigan.
In 2006, Della Valle started to film his acclaimed[citation needed] documentary, The Glorious Mustache Challenge, which received press and attention from The Today Show, Good Morning America, Geraldo at Large, CNN, and The New York Times. "The Glorious Mustache" started when he dared a handful of friends to grow a mustache and not shave for one month. This experiment led him to have the idea to chronicle the experiences of men under 30 in their conquest to revive the "ill-fated" mustache trend. The making of the film quickly gained traction and press- garnering featured articles in Time Out New York and on the front page of The New York Times. and AM New York Upon its completion, film screenings took the form of "mustache parties" where the film would play, costumes and staches would be required, and inevitably, a mustache contest would be judged by Della Valle. Press from The New York Times caught the eye of Dr. Aaron Perlut and Dr. Dan Callahan, the leaders of the American Mustache Institute, who would later indoctrinate Della Valle as "Chairman Emeritus".
In 2007, Della Valle appeared on the reality show Miami Ink. While getting tattooed by tattoo artist Chris Garver, he discusses plans for his band's album in progress.
Discography | aa66aec9-1dbe-431f-9720-49f50b79adc3 |
null | Rakhshani may refer to:
People with the name
Topics referred to by the same term | e3329da8-ff74-4626-9e37-e897465e0c49 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1987_in_association_football"} | Overview of the events of 1987 in association football
The following are the football (soccer) events of the year 1987 throughout the world.
Events
Winner club national championships
Asia
Europe
North America
South America
International Tournaments
National teams
Netherlands
Births
Deaths
February
May
October | 50e973c4-00b1-4cbf-b08a-1f05af116687 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_McLagan"} | British Liberal politician
Peter McLagan (1823 – 31 August 1900) was a British Liberal Party politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1865 to 1893. He was Scotland's first non-White and first Black MP.
Life
McLagan was born in Demerara in British Guiana. His father was Peter McLagan (1774–1860), and his mother was an unknown black woman. His father co-owned a sugar plantation with Samuel Sandbach. When the UK Government emancipated the slaves in the 1830s, they compensated over £21,000 (£2,791,310 in 2020) to the elder McLagan and Sandbach for the legal emancipation of over 400 slaves.
He left British Guiana with his father as a child and was educated in Tillicoultry and Peebles, before attending the University of Edinburgh.
In 1841, at the age of 18, he is known to be living at 77 Great King Street in the New Town, Edinburgh, with his father and cousin. His father died in 1860 and is buried in New Calton cemetery.
At the 1865 general election, he was elected unopposed as the Member of Parliament for Linlithgowshire, and was re-elected at the next six general elections. He resigned his seat on 2 June 1893 by becoming Steward of the Manor of Northstead.
As an MP, he supported women's suffrage, the need for women doctors, and the Irish Home Rule Movement.
In 1878, he and his wife supported the erection of the McLagan memorial water fountain in Bathgate.
McLagan owned the Pumpherston estate in West Lothian.
He died at Marylebone in London but is buried with his wife in the churchyard of Kirk of Calder in Mid Calder, West Lothian.
Family
He was married to Elizabeth Ann Taylor (1846–1882). | 41ad1e1d-1a2d-4fc5-9886-f49323b8e578 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naive_(disambiguation)"} | Look up naive or naïve in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Naive or naïve indicates having or showing a lack of experience, understanding or sophistication.
Naive or naïve may also refer to:
Music
Biology and medicine
Mathematics and computer science | d7378ea8-b35b-4cee-8463-2fc6e8eac3c1 |
null | Raymond Théberge (born 1952 in Sainte-Anne-des-Chênes, Manitoba) is the ninth President and Vice-Chancellor of the Université de Moncton from June 1, 2012, to January 26, 2018, and the Commissioner of Official Languages of Canada since January 29, 2018.
Early life and education
Théberge holds a Ph.D. in Linguistics from McGill University (1984), a Master of Arts in Applied Linguistics from the University of Ottawa (1976) and a Bachelor of History degree from the Université de Saint-Boniface (1973).
Career
After having finished his Ph. D., Théberge served as Director General of the Société franco-manitobaine for 1 year.
Academic career
Between 1985 and 2003, he held several positions related to teaching, research and university administration. In 1985, he became director of the Research Center at the Université de Saint-Boniface, a position he held for 18 years. During this period, he also held other position. From 1994 to 1995, he was acting Dean Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences at the Université de Saint-Boniface. Théberge was president and director of the Centre d’études franco canadiennes de l’Ouest from 1995 to 2004. He was professor and associate professor at Université Laval between 2001 and 2003. In 1997, Raymond Théberge was appointed Dean of the Faculty of Education at the Université de Saint-Boniface, a position he held until 2003.
Raymond Théberge has authored more than 20 peer-reviewed publications, 84 papers and presentations, three books, a bibliography and 45 research projects on education, community, communication, culture and economics.
Public service
Raymond Théberge then entered the Canadian public service as a senior official. From 2004 to 2005, he was Assistant Deputy Minister of the Bureau de l’éducation française in Manitoba's Department of Education, Citizenship and Youth. From 2005 to 2009, he headed the Council of Ministers of Education of Canada (CMEC) as executive director.
Raymond Théberge has been a member of the Board of the UNESCO International Bureau of Education, and a member of the Working Group for the Preparation of the International Conference education. Raymond Théberge also chaired the following institutions: the Council of the Deans and Directors of Education in Manitoba, the Manitoba Teacher Education and Teaching Certification Committee, the Departmental Task Force on Teacher Shortages in Manitoba, and the Francophone Association of Deans and Directors of Education in Canada. He was Co-Chair of the Round Table on Basic Education organized by the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA).
University of Moncton
In June 2012, Mr. Théberge was named President and Vice-Chancellor of the Université de Moncton, the largest francophone university in Canada outside of the province of Quebec. Under his leadership, the university's first ever strategic plan was implemented, based on extensive consultation and dialogue with the province's post-secondary, francophone and Acadian communities.
Commissioner of official languages
In December 2017, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced the appointment of Raymond Théberge as Canada's next Commissioner of Official Languages. He began his duties as Commissioner on January 29, 2018.
Nomination of Mary Simon as governor general
On July 19, 2021 Théberge confirmed that his office would "investigate the process for nominating governors general" in Canada, following over 400 complaints to his Office that the governor general designate, Mary Simon, does not speak French. Simon is fluent in English and Inuktitut, and has committed to learning French as part of her mandate. The governor general is the federal viceregal representative of the Canadian monarch.
The investigation will target the Privy Council Office for its advisory role in the governor general selection process. In an official statement, Théberge addressed a perception of nominations to high offices in Canada. "Too often, I see a discourse that puts respect for diversity and inclusion on one hand, and respect for official languages on the other, as if they could not coexist. I would like to remind decision-makers that it is entirely possible to respect official languages while being inclusive.". In the same statement, Théberge nonetheless noted that Simon's appointment could enable her to help preserve Indigenous and minority languages in Canada.
The Official Languages Act does not mandate any language requirement for the governor general, nor does it provide the Commissioner with any authority to provide any remedy or relief, apart from the ability to author reports for Parliament's consideration. However, the Act obliges the commissioner to investigate good-faith complaints related to alleged non-compliance of "the spirit and intent" of the Official Languages Act with regard to the "administration of the affairs of any federal institution." Since the adoption of the Official Languages Act in 1969, two unilingual anglophone governors general were appointed: Ed Schreyer and Ray Hnatyshyn. Neither they nor the process for their nomination was investigated by the Commissioner for Official Languages at the time.
Bibliography | 7218ab9d-c250-4156-b6fb-161d00b4513a |
null | Indian footballer
Bidyananda Singh Ningthoujam (born 27 November 1997) is an Indian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for I-League club TRAU.
Career
Early career
Born in Manipur, to a Hindu Meitei family. Bidyananda was selected for the Sports Authority of India in 2008 at the age of 11. The move to the Sports Authority of India was a major decision for Singh, as it allowed his family to not have to pay for his care as the academy would pay for his football coaching and his food: "Moving to the SAI complex meant that my parents didn’t have to worry about my meals, nor did they have to worry about my equipment as the academy provided me with the boots and kit." Singh soon impressed scouts from the All India Football Federation under-13 side and was called up for international camps. In 2014, he was one of two Indians who played in a one-week camp at the Aspire Academy in Qatar. After the camp, Bidyananda became the second Indian, after Milan Basumatary, to be selected into the tournament all-star side. Singh also impressed scouts well enough at the tournament to be scouted by Spanish side Barcelona. After returning from Qatar, Singh played for the AIFF Elite Academy.
Atlético Kolkata
On 14 June 2016 it was announced that Bidyananda, along with a host of other Indian players, had signed with Atlético Kolkata of the Indian Super League. He made his professional debut for the team on 25 October 2016 against Mumbai City.
Bengaluru
On 31 July 2017 Bidyananda signed two year contract with Bengaluru.
ATK Mohun Bagan
In 2021, Mohun Bagan have completed signing Bidyananda Singh from Mumbai City FC on a one year dal. He don't get many chance's that season besides some substitute playing time. He left ATKMB after his contract period ended.
RoundGlass Punjab
In 2022, RoundGlass Punjab completed signing Bidyananda Singh from Atk Mohun Bagan
International
Bidyananda has played for India at the under-13 and under-19 levels.
Career statistics
Club
As of 28 January 2023
Honours
Atletico de Kolkata | dd209537-fc81-4e19-8091-0d091bd8fdb9 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligny-l%C3%A8s-Aire"} | Commune in Hauts-de-France, France
Ligny-lès-Aire is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.
Geography
Ligny-lès-Aire is situated some 13 miles (21 km) northwest of Béthune and 36 miles (58 km) west of Lille, on the D341, D90e and D90 roads.
It is surrounded by the communes Westrehem, Rely and Auchy-au-Bois. Ligny-lès-Aire is located 20 km northwest of Bruay-la-Buissière, the largest city nearby.
Population
Places of interest | cfee146e-9ab7-4551-b1ab-7272b145bda1 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverted_yield_curve"} | Phenomenon when shorter term bonds yield higher interest rates than longer term bonds
In finance, an inverted yield curve happens when a yield curve graph of typically government bonds inverts in the opposite direction and the shorter term US Treasury bonds are offering a higher yield than the long-term Treasury bonds. Longer maturity bonds usually have a higher percent yield return because they are more risky because of volatility in the market, there could be a liquidity trap that wouldn't allow an investor to sell the bond security on the secondary market over the long run and they could get stuck with an underperforming asset. The inverted yield curve is one of the most reliable leading indicators for economic recession since at least 1955. The US Federal Reserve uses open market operations to adjust the Federal funds rate which pushes up short term bonds to catch the longer maturity bonds which are rising to catch up to inflation during the flattening of the yield curve. The inversion of the yield curve tends to predate a recession 7 to 24 months ahead of time.
History
The term 'inverted yield curve' was coined by the Canadian economist Campbell Harvey in his 1986 PhD thesis at Duke University.
Business cycles
The inverted yield curve is the contraction phase in the business cycle or credit cycle when the federal funds rate and Treasury interest rates are high to create a hard or soft landing in the cycle. When the Federal funds rate and interest rates are lowered after the economic contraction (to get price and commodity stabilization) this is the growth and expansion phase in the business cycle. The Federal Reserve only indirectly controls the money supply and it is the banks themselves that create new money by fractional-reserve banking when they make loans. By manipulating interest rates with the Federal funds rate and repurchase agreement (repo market) the Fed tries to control how much new money banks create.
Other countries bond yields that have inverted
Yield spreads
Yield spread is the difference between the quoted rates of return on two different investments and for the inverted yield curve it is United States Treasury Bonds. It is simply done by subtracting the percent yield on one bond vs another bond of a different duration. For example a 30 year bond with a 6% yield minus a 2 year bond with a 4% yield would be a spread of 2% or 200 basis points. Another example would be a longer duration bond of 10 years at 3% minus a shorter duration bond of 3 months at 3.5% would be -0.5% or a negative yield spread. | 887cebc3-0c42-466e-8e5f-730b0d6a7b1a |
null | Hosie is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: | d5010c5f-ad99-46a7-8742-426ba85ff1cf |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_The_Promised_Neverland_chapters"} | This is a list of chapters of the Japanese manga series The Promised Neverland, written by Kaiu Shirai and illustrated by Posuka Demizu. The individual chapters were originally serialized in Shueisha's Weekly Shōnen Jump, from August 1, 2016 to June 15, 2020, with 181 chapters in all; The chapters were collected in twenty tankōbon volumes. The series has been licensed for English-language release by Viz Media. The first printed volume in North America was released on December 5, 2017.
A 16-page one-shot spin-off chapter about the character Ray titled, The First Shot was published in Weekly Shōnen Jump on October 5, 2020. A 36-page one-shot chapter about the character of Sister Krone titled, Seeking the Sky of Freedom was published in Weekly Shōnen Jump on December 7, 2020. A 19-page one-shot chapter titled, Dreams Come True was released at "The Promised Neverland Special Exhibition", event that was held in Tokyo from December 2020 to January 2021. A 32-page one-shot chapter about the character Isabella titled, A Mother's Determination was published in Weekly Shōnen Jump on December 14, 2020. A 32-page one-shot, titled We Were Born, was published in Weekly Shōnen Jump on January 4, 2021.
Volumes list
Related volume
Side stories not yet collected in volumes | 15cb9abb-c0a0-417e-b051-9e2a08228f8d |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caloplaca_obamae"} | Species of lichen
Caloplaca obamae is a species of crustose lichen in the fungus genus Caloplaca. It is the first species to be named in honor of United States President Barack Obama. C. obamae was discovered in 2007 by Kerry Knudsen on Santa Rosa Island in California and published in March 2009. Knudsen stated that he chose to honor Obama for "his support of science and scientific education" and wrote the manuscript for publication of the species in the time between Obama's election and his inauguration.
Description
Caloplaca obamae produces a thin thallus arranged in orange granules that are 30–50 μm in diameter and form patches that can be 0.2–1 mm in diameter, ultimately covering an area on the soil up to 6–7 cm2. The algal layer is discontinuous and usually 50–100 μm thick under the granule patches. It appears that C. obamae is sterile and does not produce ascospores; the apothecia that were present in specimens may belong to an associated species, Caloplaca ludificans. Caloplaca obamae is similar in appearance to Caloplaca xanthostigmoidea.
Distribution and habitat
Caloplaca obamae is endemic to the northern side of Santa Rosa Island on clay soils of the Pleistocene marine terraces. It has not yet been discovered on mainland California, San Miguel Island, or Sandy Point on Santa Rosa Island. It occurs from Bechers Bay to Soledad Canyon on Santa Rosa in grasslands that have been heavily grazed for over a hundred years. Introduced animal populations are being removed from the island and it has been suggested that C. obamae, which had nearly gone extinct when cattle ranches were active, will make a comeback on the island. It is commonly found growing with other terricolous lichen species and bryophytes. | 1119ea04-5925-49ec-90a0-2aec4d5541a7 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klinikum_St._Georg"} | Hospital in Leipzig, Germany
The Klinikum St. Georg is the oldest, and, after Leipzig University Hospital, the second largest hospital in Leipzig, Germany. It was founded in 1212. It consists of the Klinikum St. Georg gGmbH, and the Municipal Hospital "St. Georg" Leipzig (operated by the City of Leipzig). The hospital currently employs over 3,500 people and has 1,066 beds in 25 clinics. In addition, the gGmbH and the municipal hospital function as an academic teaching hospital of Leipzig University. | 2d29e37d-ff3d-46e8-87ed-5dbd2aa47d8f |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lepetodrilidae"} | Family of gastropods
Lepetodrilidae is a family of small, deep-sea sea snails, hydrothermal vent limpets, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Vetigastropoda (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
This family has no subfamilies.
Description
These deep-sea species are found and are endemic at hydrothermal vents. Their limpet-shaped shell consist of non-nacreous aragonite. The thick periostracum covers the shell edge. The apex is posterior, in some species projecting posteriorly, and deflected to the right. The shell has no sculpture or it consists of beads or imbricate radial ribs. There is no operculum. The muscle scar forms the shape of a horseshoe. The rhipidoglossate radula is special as the lateral teeth descend toward the rachidian in a v-arrangement. The conspicuous penis is situated near the base of the right cephalic tentacle.
Genera
Genera within the family Lepetodrilidae include: | 86acf512-8c21-47af-b675-4723d64d6808 |
null | Nero & the Gladiators were a British instrumental rock and roll band in the early 1960s. The group was led by keyboard player Mike O'Neill as "Nero", and had two minor hits in the UK, "Entry of the Gladiators" and "In the Hall of the Mountain King".
O'Neill (born Michael Anthony O'Neill, 8 July 1938 – 10 October 2013) was born in Lowton, Lancashire, and moved to London in 1958. He played in Vince Taylor's band before joining The Cabin Boys, who backed singer Colin Hicks, the younger brother of Tommy Steele. In 1959, Hicks and his band accepted an offer to tour Italy, where they had a hit with a version of "Giddy Up a Ding Dong" and appeared in a movie, Europa di Notte. At the end of the tour, Hicks opted to remain in Italy, and his backing band returned to Britain. Before they left, however, O'Neill and the group's bass player, Rod "Boots" Slade, obtained several sets of gladiator costumes, largely made of plastic, which had been used in the 1951 movie, Quo Vadis, filmed at the Cinecittà studios in Rome.
Returning to Britain, O'Neill and Slade formed a new group, Nero & the Gladiators, with guitarist Colin Green and drummer Laurie Jay (born Laurence Joseph Jacobson). Green had been introduced to O'Neill by another young Leigh musician trying to make his way in London at the time, Georgie Fame, who had played with Green in Billy Fury's backing band. The group performed in their gladiator costumes, with "Nero" wearing a toga and a laurel wreath crown. They won a contract with Decca Records, and recorded a rocked-up version of Julius Fučík's well known circus music tune, "Entry of the Gladiators", with a spoken introduction by Slade: "Hey, say there, Brutus, man, like, here come the gladiators..." It entered the UK Singles Chart in March 1961, rising to No. 37, and was later adopted as the theme tune of Leigh rugby league club. The follow-up, "In the Hall of the Mountain King", by Edvard Grieg, reached No. 48 on the chart, with guitarist Joe Moretti having replaced Green who had joined Georgie Fame's Blue Flames. It was not broadcast on BBC radio, because of the Corporation's policy, initiated by Sir Arthur Bliss, of banning pop versions of classical tunes. They only released two more singles, "Czardas" (1961) and "Tovaritch" (on HMV, 1963).
Laurie Jay left in 1961 to form his own group The Echoes, being replaced by Tommy Brown, and O'Neill and Slade kept the group together until late 1962 with a succession of guitarists including Diz Disley. After the group supported the Beatles at the Cavern Club, Slade also left to join the Blue Flames, being replaced on bass by Jim Cannon. For a period in 1963, the position as the group's guitarist was filled by 18-year-old Mick Jones, later of Spooky Tooth and Foreigner. Cannon and Jones were later replaced by Alan Bugby and Ralph Danks, before the group disbanded after a tour of France in early 1964.
Mike O'Neill later played in various bands including The John Barry Seven, The Ivy League, The Echoes and Head Hands & Feet. "Boots" Slade became a member of The Alan Price Set. Colin Green later became musical director for Shirley Bassey.
In 1991, O'Neill and Green re-formed Nero & the Gladiators to play in oldies shows. They continued to perform, with various other non-original band members, until 2005.
Rod "Boots" Slade born 3 September 1941, Weston-super-Mare died at the age of 71 on 3 May 2013 in Murcia, Spain. Mike O'Neill died on 10 October 2013 of liver cancer. Laurie Jay died in 2017. | 64d4ed3c-bcef-4e5e-a50f-827bd9545d46 |
null | Port in Romania
The Port of Moldova Veche is one of the largest Romanian river ports, located in the town of Moldova Nouă on the Danube River. The port has 6 berths with a total quay length of 560 metres (1,840 ft) and two terminals, one for cargo and one passenger terminal. Located on the Danube's left bank, it straddles kilometers 1047 through 1050 of the river's course. It is mainly used for handling wood products, sand and gravel, bricks and fertilizers.
Official Website - Active | 19bb771a-fb3b-4783-94fb-e2d99afc65b9 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tultepec"} | Municipality in Mexico State, Mexico
Tultepec is a city and municipality located in State of Mexico, Mexico. It lies directly north of Mexico City in the northeastern part of the State of Mexico, making it part of the Greater Mexico City urban area. The name comes from Náhuatl meaning 'hill of the 'tule'. The census of 2005 reported a population of 57,586 for the city and 110,145 for the municipality as a whole.
The city
The area was first settled by the Chichimecas, followed by the Otomis in the seventh century. After the Spanish Conquest, Tultepec was given to the conquistador Alonso Ávila along with the current municipalities of Zumpango, Xaltocán, Huehuetoca, Coyotepec, Teoloyucan and others, as part of the Encomienda de Cuautitlán. The modern town of Tultepec began to take shape around 1610 in the valley next to a small elevation called San Martín. Franciscans came to evangelize the new community, dedicating it to the Nativity of Holy Mary and constructing a temple in 1618. This temple, later a parish, was renovated between 1948 and 1955.
The town and municipality boast of a number of musicians and painters including Hernesto Urbán Rodríguez (1894), Ricardo Vázquez Pineda (1894), Victor Manuel Urbán Silva (1894), Andrés Urbán (1870) and Prudenciano García (1880), as well as modern composers such as Victor Urbán Velasco, Gerardo Urbán Velásco, Francisco Vázquez García, Francisco Romero Linares, and J. Isabel Vázquez Solano. Better-known painters include Miguel Hernández Urbán, Joaquín González Romero, Margarito González Solano, Gregorio González Solano, and Albino Luna Sánchez. It is the home of a folk dance group that has toured the United States and Europe.
Fireworks industry
In the past, when the town was still rural, the economy was based on products such as pulque, animal feed, salt and tequesquite as well as domestic fowl and other small animals, mostly to be sold in Mexico City.
Nowadays, the pyrotechnics industry is the major industry in Tultepec. Every year, the town throws a weeklong festival with fireworks competitions among various producers.
Many pioneers in pyrotechnics came from Tultepec, including Agustín, Miguel and Gregorio Fiesco (1880); José Solano Urbán (1900–1920), who revolutionized firework sets and castles; Felipe Reyes, who worked on the colors red and yellow around 1920; Ángel Guadalupe Flores, who around 1920 invented star fireworks and sparklers as well as several types of rockets; Cirilo Sánchez (1920), who worked on aerostatic balloons; as well as Tomás Romero, Ángel Urbán Rivero, Marcos Romero, and Felipe Fiesco, who innovated such items as the electric target, the spider bomb, and two-figure wheels between 1930 and 1934.
The city and municipality hosts the annual National Pyrotechnic Festival.
2016 fireworks explosion
On 20 December 2016, at least 36 people were killed and 59 were injured when fireworks exploded at the San Pablito Market. Previous explosions in 1997, 1998, 1999, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2010 and 2012 had killed a total of 20 people.
Municipality
As municipal seat, Tultepec has governing jurisdiction over the communities of Guadalupe, Rancho el Cuquío, Maite (Granja Maite), San Antonio Xahuento, Rancho San Joaquín, Santiago Teyahualco, Rancho la Virgen, Ejido Tultepec, Rancho Nodín, Paraje Trigo Tenco, Ejido de Teyahualco, Hacienda Real de Tultepec, Unidad CTM San Pablo, Barrio de San Martín, Ejido San Pablito (Paraje San Pablito), Colonia las Brisas, La Rinconada, La Saucera, Cajiga (Ejido de Tultepec), El Progreso, Colonia la Aurora and Fraccionamiento Paseos de Tultepec II.
The municipality is bordered by the municipalities of Nextlalpan, Melchor Ocampo, Tultitlán, Coacalco and Cuautitlán. Most of the area is a plain with small hills, the largest of which is called Otzolotepec. Temperatures range between 6 and 28 °C, but much of the local ecosystem has been destroyed due to urbanization.
The territory surrounding the town of Tultepec used to be much larger. The current municipality took shape at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th when areas were split off to create the current municipality of Melchor Ocampo. The municipal palace was constructed in 1870. Tultepec municipality currently has an area of 19.02 km² (7.344 sq mi). Another major town in the municipality is Santiago Teyahualco.
Outside the main town, there is still some agricultural activity including the raising of animal feed, beans, corn, wheat and alfalfa, and the raising of animals such as cattle and pigs, but agricultural land is shrinking. There are over 79 manufacturing establishments in the municipality including Asfalto Industria and Nacional Constructora. Communities involved in the manufacture of fireworks also serve as tourist attractions. | 66bef35b-4304-4482-a7dc-8836b94e1911 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iyo-H%C5%8Dj%C5%8D_Station"} | Railway station in Matsuyama, Ehime Prefecture, Japan
Iyo-Hōjō Station (伊予北条駅, Iyo-Hōjō-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Matsuyama, Ehime Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Shikoku and has the station number "Y48".
Lines
Iyo-Hōjō Station is served by the JR Shikoku Yosan Line and is located 176.9 km from the beginning of the line at Takamatsu. Only Yosan Line local trains stop at the station and they only serve the sector between Iyo-Saijō and Matsuyama. Connections with other local or limited express trains are needed to travel further east or west along the line.
Layout
The station, which is unstaffed, consists of a side platform and an island platform serving two tracks. The track on the side of Platform 1 is the main line track used by through traffic (speed limit 100 km/h), and the track on the side of Platforms 2 and 3 is the secondary main line. In principle, trains in both directions enter Platform 1, unless there is a crossing of an oncoming train, a freight train, or a freight train that departs from or arrives at this station.
Adjacent stations
History
Iyo-Hōjō Station opened on 28 March 1926 when the then Sanyo Line was extended from Kikuma. At that time the station was operated by Japanese Government Railways, later becoming Japanese National Railways (JNR). With the privatization of JNR on 1 April 1987, control of the station passed to JR Shikoku.
Surrounding area | b56e3f8b-e875-4e5c-ad4e-2718d7b88405 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sg%C3%B9rr_a%27_Choire-bheithe"} | Sgùrr a' Choire-bleithe is a 913-m mountain in the remote Knoydart area of Lochaber, Northwest Highlands, Scotland.
It is one of highest Corbetts at 913.3 metres, and misses out on Munro status by just over one metre. The summit is the culminating point of a long and rugged ridge that stretches from Loch Quoich to Barrisdale Bay. | f5357626-5e4b-4455-b8b7-1c2d7f39fa45 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_grinder"} | Machine for polishing or grinding hardened concrete
A concrete grinder can come in many configurations, the most common being a hand-held angle grinder, but it may be a specialized tool for countertops or worktops. Angle grinders are small and mobile, and allow one to work on harder to reach areas and perform more precise work.
There are also purpose-built floor grinders that are used for grinding and polishing marble, granite and concrete. Machines that grind concrete floors are usually made to handle much more stress and will have more power to drive the unit as concrete has a much higher sliding friction than marble or granite which is also worked wet, therefore with less friction. In fact some types of marble will spark when it is ground dry, causing deep damage to the marble surface. Floor grinders are most suitable to polishing a concrete floor slab as it can cover large surfaces more quickly, and they have more weight on them, therefore making the actual grinding process more efficient.
Attachments
All concrete grinders use some sort of abrasive to grind or polish such as diamond tools or silicon carbide. The diamond tools used for grinding most commonly are diamond grinding cup wheels, other machines may use diamond segments, mounted on varies plates, slide on diamond grinding shoes and for polishing are usually circular Resin diamond polishing pads. The use of diamond attachments is the most common type of abrasive used under concrete grinders and come in many grits that range from 6 grit to the high thousands, although 1800 grit is considered by the insurance industry as the highest shine to apply to a floor surface.
Wet or dry usage
Concrete can be ground wet or dry, although dust extraction equipment needs to be used when grinding dry.
To grind concrete dry, a grinding shroud can sourced for most angle grinder sizes, and floor grinders usually have them inbuilt. This provides the necessary vacuum attachment where one can connect a vacuum or HEPA filter-equipped vacuum to capture the fine dust produced when grinding dry. Of course concrete can also be ground wet in which case no vacuum is used. An issue with dry grinding is that is can be time-consuming as is a slower method of keeping the diamond tools cutting and the fine dust particles quickly blocks up the HEPA filters in the vacuum. Continuously stopping to clean or replace filters can be time-consuming and this is where a dust separator can be beneficial. It is connected between the concrete grinder and the vacuum cleaner and works by capturing the larger particles of concrete in its drum, so only the fine particles reach the vacuum cleaner.
The benefit of grinding concrete wet is that it requires less attachments than when grinding dry. The water makes the dust particles heavy by turning them into a slurry or paste and prevents them from being dispersed into the air. This significantly reduces health risks from breathing in concrete dust, but it does use a lot of water and make a bit of mess.
Dust precautions
When grinding concrete it is important to ensure steps are taken to mitigate exposure to concrete dust. According to the Cancer Council, approximately 230 people develop lung cancer each year due to past exposure to silica dust at work. Fine concrete dust contains silica which is very harmful to the lungs and can lead to silicosis so all effort should be made to avoid breathing concrete dust. In construction, mining and other industrial type jobs that expose workers to dust and small particles, one should wear a respirator mask commonly known as a N95 mask, FFP2 mask, P2 Mask or Kn95 mask to protect from inhaling concrete dust. This is because such a respiratory mask can block 94-95% of non-oil based particulates that are larger than 0.3 microns. Concrete Dust particles can be as small as 0.5 microns, which is larger than 0.3 microns, which means that a N95 respirator provides effective protection against concrete dust when fitted properly.
For green building methods many regulators LEED's have seen the benefit of using concrete grinders that are designed to finish concrete to a very stable wear surface, that can safely be used for many years as a floor or tabletop surface. These machines are usually powered by higher electrical power such as 240 volts or higher as they require motor power larger than 120 volts can supply. Some machine are powered by LP gas such as used on forklifts so that they can be run in well ventilated areas without a power cord, but these machines usually have fewer features that a fully electric unit. | 75ce2a8f-98f3-4f34-b0e4-3740496b3248 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengt_Westerberg"} | Swedish politician
Bengt Carl Gustaf Westerberg (born 23 August 1943) is a Swedish politician. He was leader of the Liberal People's Party from 1983 to 1995, member of the Riksdag from 1984 to 1994 and Minister for Social Affairs and Deputy Prime Minister 1991 to 1994.
He is the son of Carl-Erik Westerberg and his wife Barbro (maiden name Wahlström). He graduated from high school in 1962, finished an associate degree in medicine at Karolinska Institute in 1964 and an undergraduate degree in economics and philosophy at Stockholm University in 1974.
He holds office as the Deputy President of the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies in Geneva, Switzerland and is chairman of the Swedish Red Cross.
Westerberg is an atheist and humanist.
He is twice divorced, with two daughters, Hanna Nordh (maiden name Westerberg) and Malin Westerberg from the first marriage and a son, Jacob Westerberg, from his second marriage with Marie Ehrling.
Bibliography | d0464579-29b3-406d-97c8-e36f1054997f |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/County_Route_18_(Otsego_County,_New_York)"} | County Route 18 (CR 18) is a county-maintained highway in western Otsego County, New York, in the United States. It extends for 34.83 miles (56.05 km) from an intersection with New York State Route 51 (NY 51) in the town of Butternuts to the Oneida County line at Plainfield, where it becomes CR 2. The highway runs along the eastern bank of the Unadilla River and parallels NY 8, which follows the western bank of the river. CR 18 enters the vicinity of several villages and hamlets, including the village of New Berlin and the hamlet of Unadilla Forks.
The portion of CR 18 between Unadilla Forks and U.S. Route 20 (US 20) in Plainfield—a distance of 2.52 miles (4.06 km)—was originally maintained by the state of New York. It was added to the state highway system in 1916 and designated as New York State Route 413 c. 1931. The NY 413 designation was removed in the early 1950s.
Route description
Mount Upton to New Berlin
CR 18 begins at an intersection with NY 51 in the town of Butternuts, located east of the hamlet of Mount Upton on the eastern bank of the Unadilla River. CR 18 heads northward, passing along the base of the Unadilla River valley as it heads along the east bank of the river and parallels NY 8, which runs along the western bank. As the route heads away from Mount Upton, it heads through a dense forest situated at the foot of the valley's eastern edge. The forest continues to surround CR 18 until the vicinity of Lathams Corners, where the forest gives way to open fields and smaller, isolated patches of trees.[citation needed]
North of Lathams Corners, CR 18 serves as a divider between a series of cultivated fields on the east bank of the river and a dense forest enveloping the eastern edge of the valley. The route continues to parallel both NY 8 and the Unadilla River into the hamlet of South New Berlin, a community centered around the intersection of NY 8 and NY 23. CR 18 meets NY 23 a short distance to the east at a junction situated on the Butternuts–Morris town line. Past the intersection, CR 18 passes through the eastern extents of the hamlet before continuing northeastward through open fields.[citation needed]
Roughly 4 miles (6 km) northeast of South New Berlin in the town of Pittsfield, CR 18 turns back to the north as it continues to mirror the twists and turns of the Unadilla River. It passes by the hamlet of Silver Lake, named for a small lake of the same name to the west of the highway and east of the community, as it approaches the village of New Berlin. Southeast of New Berlin, CR 18 intersects CR 13, a southeastward extension of New Berlin's South Main Street. While NY 8 directly enters the village, which is situated on the west bank of the river, CR 18 bypasses it to the east. The route crosses over Wharton Creek and intersects NY 80 in an area known as Hoboken before leaving the vicinity of New Berlin.[citation needed]
New Berlin to Bridgewater
North of New Berlin, CR 18 continues to follow a routing parallel to that of the Unadilla River and NY 8, which is joined by NY 80 in New Berlin. NY 80 splits off to the northwest just over 1 mile (1.6 km) later while NY 8 and CR 18 continue northward. The highways reenter a rural area, with forests and fields again surrounding the highways as CR 18 passes into the town of Edmeston. The county route enters the hamlet of South Edmeston, where it intersects with CR 20. CR 18 turns east here, overlapping CR 20 for approximately 1,000 feet (300 m) before leaving the route and turning back to the north.[citation needed]
CR 18 continues on through the rural town, passing along the eastern base of the river valley as it intersects CR 18C (Welsh Road), a connector route linking CR 18 to the hamlet of West Edmeston and NY 8. From there, the route heads northeastward through open fields and isolated forests before crossing into the town of Plainfield. Here, CR 18 meets CR 19, an east–west highway connecting CR 18 to the community of Leonardsville. Roughly 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Leonardsville, CR 18 enters the small hamlet of Unadilla Forks. Here, it connects to its two other suffixed routes, both of which connect to county routes in adjacent counties.[citation needed]
As the name implies, Unadilla Forks is the location where the Unadilla River splits into two branches. Just north of its junction with CR 18A, CR 18 crosses over the Unadilla River's eastern branch. While the east branch heads off to the northeast, CR 18 follows the west branch northward through a low-lying area in the center of the Unadilla River valley composed mostly of open fields. The west branch of the river continues north into the village of Bridgewater, a community based around the junction of NY 8 and US 20; however, CR 18 bypasses the village to the east. CR 18 intersects US 20 east of the village before crossing into Oneida County and becoming that county's CR 2.[citation needed]
History
The portion of CR 18 between CR 18A in Unadilla Forks and US 20 in Plainfield—a distance of 2.52 miles (4.06 km)—was originally a state-maintained highway. It was added to the New York state highway system on January 12, 1916, and designated as NY 413 c. 1931. The NY 413 designation was removed in the early 1950s.
In late 1932, the entire NY 413 was closed to traffic as part of a project to completely reconstruct the road. It was completed and reopened c. 1934.
Signage for county routes in Otsego County were posted in July 1965.
Major intersections
The entire route is in Otsego County.
Suffixed routes
CR 18 has three suffixed routes that serve as connectors between CR 18 and county routes in adjacent counties. | c81d9bd9-4d42-4f4f-ba8a-1257aacdd847 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butyrophenone"} | Chemical compound
Butyrophenone is an organic compound with the formula C6H5C(O)C3H7. It is a colorless liquid.
The butyrophenone structure—a ketone flanked by a phenyl ring and a butyl chain—forms the basis for many other chemicals containing various substituents. Some of these butyrophenones are used to treat various psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, as well as acting as antiemetics.
Examples of butyrophenone-derived pharmaceuticals include: | e4298c0f-e21a-4f8f-8a48-707f5cf1270a |
null | Latin American comedy show
Bromato de Armonio was a Latin American comedy show made by the group Les Luthiers. | 7db1f1f1-1153-426e-a60b-d90bfd6930b4 |
{"document_url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_and_Away:_Hearts_Divided"} | Season of television series
Home and Away: Hearts Divided is an exclusive-to-video and DVD special of Australia's most popular soap opera Home and Away. It was released on 29 October 2003 and is hosted by Home and Away star Rebecca Cartwright. It contains two episodes that aired on TV: "Turn Back the Night" and "Fallout", from the sixteenth season of Home and Away, plus the exclusive episode, Hearts Divided, which will not be aired on TV. It was released in the same format as Secrets and the City, with two aired TV episodes and the special and again follows another terrible situation that the Sutherland family have to face. Kane Phillips, the man who raped Dani Sutherland has returned to Summer Bay and comes between Dani and her sister Kirsty.
Episodes
Cast
DVD
Reception
As Secrets and the City, many fans were disappointed with the release of Hearts Divided, for the same reasons as the first release, two episode already having aired on TV and a special that was not much longer than the prior episodes. There was also the fact that the release was rated PG, while the television airings for the first two episode where G-rated, but it did not seem anymore adult themed, as G is only the television rating and the show would receive a PG or even an M rating anyway, although fans were hoping for an M rating, the release did take advantage of the more extreme PG rating. The DVD release was not very big on extras as it featured short behind-the-scenes footage, A Day in the Life of Bec and Beau which was featured on the previous release and Emmanuel Carella's music video "Don't Say a Word".
Book
Book based on the Home and Away episode Hearts Divided
There's turmoil in Summer Bay and Rhys Sutherland and his family are right in the middle of it. Kirsty and Dani were loyal, loving sisters. Fiercely, unconditionally proud of each other - until the dark influence of Kane Phillips pervaded their lives in ways that no one ever imagined. Now Dani is accused of trying to kill the man who ruined her life two years ago, while Kirsty is leaving Summer Bay to be by his side. But Kirsty's journey away from her family takes her into uncharted waters and unexpected dangers.
The book was written in by Leon F. Saunders and released in 2003. | 7c65b4af-b66d-43f1-91e6-32847c6c6058 |
Subsets and Splits