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Over Half of Surrey’s Food Waste is Wasted, and It’s Getting Worse
By Hugh Coakley Over 50,000 tonnes of Surrey’s food waste, that could be recycled, ends up in rubbish bins. That’s more than half of all the food waste the county…
January 28, 2022 / 3 Comments / Read More |
SC: Body of Man who Broke into Dorchester County home Identified
DORCHESTER COUNTY, S.C. (WCSC) - The Dorchester County Coroner’s Office has identified a man who broke into a home and died of a gunshot wound Friday afternoon.
The coroner’s office identified him as Damian B. Harrison, 32, of Summerville.
Posted by Dean Weingarten at 1/13/2021 07:15:00 AM |
Nigeria’s 2023 General Election: All You Need To Know About The Date And Arrangements
February 3, 2023 Henry 0
Nigeria is gearing up for the 2023 General Election that will determine who will lead the country over the next four years. In this article, […] |
Hank Whittemore's Shakespeare Blog
The Shakespeare Authorship Question is Answered by the Author Himself in his Magnificent Monument of the Sonnets
“You are not ‘Ipse,’ for I am he!”: Re-posting no. 58 of 100 Reasons Shake-speare was Edward de Vere, Earl of Oxford
One scene in the Shakespeare plays, viewed through the lens of de Vere as the dramatist, is so starkly illuminating that it quickly shatters the myth that the author could have been William Shakspere. The scene opens Act Five of the comedy As You Like It. Set in the Forest of Arden, it has no function in the plot and appears to be one of several late additions to the play. In this short scene the courtier-clown Touchstone confronts William, the country fellow (who appears nowhere else in the entire play) and orders him to stop claiming possession of Audrey, the country wench who is betrothed to Touchstone. Orthodox scholars and teachers are constrained to treat the scene seriously, trying to make sense of it in the context of the rest of the comedy. They often come up with interesting explanations, except for the most obvious one, that it represents the author speaking directly about authorship and trying to tell us the truth by means of allegorical fiction.
Touchstone the courtier-clown stands for the playwright, Oxford, the courtier who was praised as “best for comedy” at Queen Elizabeth’s royal court; Audrey the country wench stands for the body of Oxford’s plays, regarded by the Puritans as immoral; and William the country fellow is William of Stratford-upon-Avon in the Warwickshire countryside.
In this short allegorical scene, Oxford accuses Shakspere of trying to claim credit for the Shakespeare plays (or to gain profit by selling them), and tells him to abandon all pretensions as author: “All your writers do consent that ipse is he; now, you are not ipse, for I am he” (5.1).
[“All the writers who worked under my patronage know that I am the man himself, the master writer. Now you, William, are not he himself, because I am!”]
Touchstone is one of Oxford’s clearest self-portraits. Just as in the 1570s and 1580s he had enjoyed the queen’s license to write and produce plays satirizing members of her court, Touchstone is an “allowed fool” (as Olivia calls Feste in Twelfth Night) who can say what he wants and get away with it. He is brilliant, insightful, witty and argumentative. He can laugh at the madness of the world and at himself. Above all, he is a “touchstone” or identifier of truth and true value (or the lack of it) beneath the surface appearances.
We are prepared in Act Three to recognize Touchstone as the dramatist. In the forest with Audrey (who represents the plays), he tells her: “I am here with thee and thy goats, as the most capricious poet, honest Ovid, was among the Goths” (3.3). Ovid, the ancient Roman poet and Shakespeare’s favorite source, was banished to the land of the Goths, just as Oxford was prevented from taking credit as author. Touchstone then sets up the truth as told best by “feigning” or being deceptive:
Touchstone – When a man’s verses cannot be understood, nor a man’s good wit seconded with [acknowledged by] the forward child, understanding, it strikes a man more dead than a great reckoning in a little room. Truly, I would the gods had made thee poetical.
Audrey – I do not know what poetical is. Is it honest in deed and word? Is it a true thing?
Touchstone – No, truly; for the truest poetry is the most feigning …
The best (or only) way for Oxford to tell the truth is by means of symbolism and allegory in his dramatic works, which are otherwise fictional; but, he warns, if you fail to understand my “hidden” meanings you will be denying my existence; you might as well kill me in the little room of a torture chamber.
William, Touchstone and Audrey
Here is Act Five, Scene 1 with some of my comments inserted. The Forest of Arden [which, in real life, lay between Stratford-upon-Avon and Oxford’s estate on the Avon known as Bilton.] Touchstone [Oxford] and Audrey [the plays] are onstage. Enter William [of Stratford]
WILLIAM – Good even, Audrey.
AUDREY – God ye good even, William.
WILLIAM – And good even to you, sir.
TOUCHSTONE – Good even, gentle friend. Cover thy head, cover thy head; nay, prithee, be covered. How old are you, friend?
WILLIAM – Five and twenty, sir.
[Note: William of Stratford was twenty-five in 1589. By then Oxford would have completed the original versions of all the plays; but he would have written this scene no earlier than 1599, when the “Shakespeare” name had just begun to be printed on the plays, and possibly as late as 1603.]
TOUCHSTONE – A ripe age. Is thy name William?
WILLIAM – William, sir. [If the playwright’s name was William, would he decide to give that name to this country bumpkin?]
TOUCHSTONE – A fair name. Wast born i’ the forest here?
WILLIAM – Ay, sir, I thank God.
TOUCHSTONE – ‘Thank God;’ a good answer. Art rich?
WILLIAM – Faith, sir, so-so.
TOUCHSTONE – ‘So-so’ is good, very good, very excellent good; and yet it is not; it is but so-so. Art thou wise?
WILLIAM – Ay, sir, I have a pretty wit.
Touchstone in the Royal Shakespeare Company production of 1996-97
TOUCHSTONE – Why, thou sayest well. I do now remember a saying, “The fool doth think he is wise, but the wise man knows himself to be a fool.” The heathen philosopher, when he had a desire to eat a grape, would open his lips when he put it into his mouth; meaning thereby that grapes were made to eat and lips to open. You do love this maid?
WILLIAM – I do, sir. [William wants to marry the plays, i.e., claim them for himself.]
TOUCHSTONE – Give me your hand. Art thou learned?
WILLIAM – No, sir. [William is uneducated; perhaps illiterate.]
TOUCHSTONE – Then learn this of me: to have, is to have; for it is a figure in rhetoric that drink, being poured out of a cup into a glass, by filling the one doth empty the other; [By filling Shakspere with credit for the plays, Oxford is being emptied of credit] for all your writers do consent that ipse is he: now, you are not ipse, for I am he.
WILLIAM – Which he, sir?
TOUCHSTONE – He, sir, that must marry this woman. [Oxford is the one who deserves to be associated with the plays.] Therefore, you clown, abandon,–which is in the vulgar leave — the society — which in the boorish is company — of this female — which in the common is woman; which together is, abandon the society of this female, or, clown, thou perishest; or, to thy better understanding, diest; or, to wit I kill thee, make thee away, translate thy life into death, thy liberty into bondage: I will deal in poison with thee, or in bastinado [beating with sticks], or in steel; I will bandy with thee in faction [engage in controversy with you]; I will o’errun thee with policy [conquer you with cunning strategy]; I will kill thee a hundred and fifty ways: therefore tremble and depart!
AUDREY – Do, good William.
WILLIAM – God rest you merry, sir. (Exit)
Oxford may have written and inserted this gratuitous scene in 1603, after he had agreed to the complete obliteration of his identity as the author of the “Shakespeare” works. Perhaps he inserted it for a private performance at Wilton in December 1603, some nine months after the succession of King James. For those at Court and possibly others who knew the truth about Oxford’s authorship, it must have been wildly funny and yet profoundly sad.
[This post is now no. 88 in 100 Reasons Shake-speare was the Earl of Oxford (2016), published by Forever Press.]
[Thanks to editor Alex McNeil for his help, as usual; and see his article “Is Touchstone vs. William in As You Like It the first authorship story?” in Shakespeare Matters 2.3 (Spring 2003); 14-22.]
[Also my thanks again to Brian Bechtold for his editorial help.]
THE MAIN BLOG ON "SHAKESPEARE" & OXFORD & "THE MONUMENT" OF THE SONNETS
on September 29, 2019 at 9:54 am Leave a Comment
Tags: as you like it, authorship, earl of oxford, edward de vere, shakespeare authorship, touchstone, whittemore, who wrote shakespeare
Daughters and Dedications: Re-posting No. 57 of 100 Reasons Oxford Wrote the Shakespeare Works
Only three men received dedications of Shakespeare works. Each man had been engaged to (or was married to) one of Oxford’s daughters:
Elizabeth de Vere (1575-1627) was engaged to Southampton but married William Stanley, 6th Earl of Derby
Henry Wriothesley, third earl of Southampton, to whom Venus and Adonis (1593) and Lucrece (1594) were dedicated, was then engaged to Oxford’s eldest daughter Elizabeth de Vere. He refused to marry her despite pressure from William Cecil, the girl’s grandfather and his guardian. Elizabeth de Vere married William Stanley, earl of Derby at Greenwich Palace on 26 January 1595, when A Midsummer Night’s Dream, in the view of many scholars, was performed for the guests.
The only other “Shakespeare” work dedicated to a named individual (I thus omit the “Mr. W.H.” in the Sonnets of 1609. whom I believe to be Southampton) was the First Folio in 1623, with thirty-six plays in over nine hundred pages, offered to “THE MOST NOBLE And INCOMPARABLE PAIRE OF BRETHREN”:
William Herbert, third Earl of Pembroke (1580-1630)
William Herbert, earl of Pembroke, who had been engaged in 1597 to Oxford’s second daughter, Bridget de Vere; and
Philip Herbert, earl of Montgomery (William’s brother), who married Oxford’s youngest daughter, Susan de Vere, in 1604.
The Folio of 1623 appeared nineteen years after Oxford’s death and seven years after Shakspere’s death. The introductory matter, supervised by Ben Jonson (who also wrote its main epistles), never explicitly identifies the Warwickshire man; instead, it contains one reference to the dramatist as “sweet Swan of Avon” and a separate mention of “thy Stratford moniment,” leaving it to people in the future to conclude that Shakspere of Stratford-upon-Avon was the great author. It is upon this shaky foundation that an entirely fictional “biography” has been built.
Philip Herbert the first Earl of Montgomery (1584-1650) at age 25 in 1609
Oxfordian researcher Ruth Loyd Miller called the Shakespeare folio “a family affair” that began with the marriage of Susan de Vere and Philip Herbert during the 1604-05 Christmas season, six months after Oxford’s reported death on 24 June 1604. Court festivities for the wedding included performances of seven “Shakespeare” plays, an unspoken tribute to the absent author.
The first two plays were “The Moor of Venice” (Othello) and The Merry Wives of Windsor. Two more were performed, before and after the main event:
26 December: Measure for Measure
27 December: Wedding of Susan de Vere and Philip Herbert
28 December: The Comedy of Errors
In January the performances continued with Love’s Labour’s Lost, hosted by Southampton, followed by Henry the Fifth and The Merchant of Venice, the latter presented twice.
Susan de Vere dancing in Ben Jonson’s “Masque of Blackness” on 6 January 1605 at Whitehall in the Old Banqueting House
Also presented was Masque of Blackness by Jonson at Whitehall Palace; its performers included the bride and groom, Susan and Philip; Elizabeth de Vere and her husband, Derby; and Bridget de Vere’s former fiancé William Herbert, earl of Pembroke.
“This was the beginning of a long and intimate association between the daughters of the Earl of Oxford and their families, and Ben Jonson, climaxed in 1623 with the publication of the First Folio,” Miller writes. Jonson remained “particularly close” to Susan de Vere and the Herbert brothers, Pembroke and Montgomery, with Pembroke bestowing on Jonson twenty pounds every New Year “with which to purchase books.”
It was also the start of “an active, determined and intense campaign by Pembroke for the position of Lord Chamberlain of the Royal Household,” Miller continues, noting the position “had purview over the office and properties of the Revels Office” and those of the Lord Chamberlain’s Company, now the King’s Men.
Jonson published a folio of his own works (the first of its kind in England) in 1616, listing “Shakespeare” as having acted in two of his plays, Every Man in His Humour of 1598 and Sejanus of 1603 (without mentioning him as a writer).
Ben Jonson’s 1616 Folio of his Collected Works
Jonson’s costly folio was dedicated to Pembroke, his patron, who apparently financed it; in addition, Pembroke arranged at that time for Jonson to receive an annual pension of 100 marks. Jonson’s folio was issued just a few months after the death of Shakspere in April 1616, an event that occurred without any public comment. The identification by Jonson that year of Shakespeare an actor would be repeated in the front matter of the Folio of 1623 as “The Names of the Principals Actors in all these Places” – a further attempt to emphasize the Bard as strictly a theatrical man. It should be noted that the 1623 Shakespeare folio included only his plays; conspicuously, it contained none of the poems and sonnets, nor any mention of Southampton, to whom the poetry had been dedicated.
In 1621 Pembroke temporarily increased Jonson’s pension to 200 pounds. Having become the Chamberlain, now “all [Pembroke] wanted to do was retain” his position, Miller writes, “and under no conditions was he willing to accept more lucrative posts unless he might leave his place to his brother Montgomery.” The logical deduction is that Pembroke was fiercely committed to publishing Shakespeare’s plays in folio.
The Shakespeare dedications all lead back to Edward de Vere and his daughters and other relatives. To repeat Miller’s phrase, what we have here is “a family affair.”
[This post is now no. 99 of the book 100 Reasons Shake-speare was the Earl of Oxford, edited by Alex McNeil.)
on June 15, 2019 at 7:09 pm Comments (1)
Tags: authorship, Ben Jonson, dedications, earl of oxford, earl of southampton, edward de vere, first folio, Montgomery, monument sonnets, Pembroke, shakespeare authorship, whittemore, who wrote shakespeare
Richard Edwards and Edward de Vere: Re-posting No. 56 of 100 Reasons Shake-speare was the Earl of Oxford
“For Tragedy, Lord Buckhurst and Master Edward Ferrys do deserve the highest praise: the Earl of Oxford and Master Edwards of Her Majesty’s Chapel, for Comedy and Enterlude.” – The Arte of English Poesie, 1589
Elizabethan musician and poet Richard Edwards was thirty-eight in 1561 when he became Master of the Children of the Chapel Royal, the director of the choirboys who entertained the queen with plays and concerts. In the following year, Edward de Vere arrived in London as the first of Elizabeth’s royal wards. During the rest of his life he would actively patronize the Chapel Children and the Children of St. Paul’s (later known in the countryside as Oxford’s Boys), and an adult acting company as well.
Although “Damon and Pithias” was written and performed for Queen Elizabeth in the Christmas season of 1564, it was first printed in 1571 and attributed to Richard Edwards, who had died in 1566.
In the Christmas season of 1564-65 a play attributed to Edwards was performed by the Chapel Children for Elizabeth and the court at Whitehall. The play, Damon and Pithias, was the first “tragicomedy” in England and the high water mark of English drama up to then. It was set in the royal Greek court of Dionysius, but its closing songs expressed loyalty to the queen by name, revealing that the royal court of Elizabeth had been intended all along – an early example of what would become Shakespeare’s habit of using foreign settings to reflect England itself.
The prologue of Damon and Pithias (printed in 1571), referring to its author, stated that “to some he seemed too much in young desires to range.” Then it switched to the plural “Authors” of the play, adding, “I speak for our defense.” Did de Vere collaborate on Damon and Pithias with Master Edwards, as the The Arte of English Poesie suggests? Or was he the sole author of this youthful, highly spirited play?
The closing song evoked Oxford’s motto Nothing Truer than Truth:
True friends talk truly, they gloss for no gain…
True friends for their true prince refuseth not their death.
The Lord grant her such friends, most noble Queen Elizabeth!
Decades later Sonnet 82 by “Shake-speare” would echo those lines:
Thou, truly fair, wert truly sympathized
In true plain words by thy true-telling friend
Christ Church Hall – yes, used in a scene for Harry Potter…
In August 1566 the Queen visited Oxford University and presented de Vere with an honorary Master of Arts degree. [The young earl studied mainly with private tutors.] During her Majesty’s historic visit she arrived at Christ Church Hall for the student performance of Palamon and Arcyte, a new play attributed to Edwards, dramatizing Chaucer’s Knight’s Tale; and this performance on two separate nights became a major event of campus lore.
Word of mouth from rehearsals and previews had served to build up tremendous excitement and anticipation. After Elizabeth and her court were seated, the incoming crowd swelled to the point that a wall beside the stairs ripped away, crushing three persons to death and injuring five others. Elizabeth sent for her own doctors to help; after all the hurt or dead had been carried off, the show went on as scheduled.
“The Two Noble Kinsmen” as by Fletcher and Shakespeare, printed in 1634, was probably based on surviving parts of the “lost” play “Palamon and Arcyte” by sixteen-year-old Edward de Vere in 1566
Palamon and Arcyte is now a “lost” play, but is often cited as a source of The Two Noble Kinsman, printed nearly seventy years later in 1634 as by (according to the title page) “the memorable Worthies of their times, Mr. John Fletcher and Mr. William Shakespeare, both cited as “Gent.” Scholars have identified the “Shakespearean” sections as well as the “lesser” contributions by Fletcher; but they are baffled as to why the Bard, near the end of his illustrious career, would decide to collaborate with an inferior writer.
The logical answer is that he did nothing of the sort — on the contrary, the “young Shakespeare” wrote Palamon and Arcyte by age sixteen in 1566, with some of his text surviving into the next century, when Fletcher filled in the missing parts, with his own inferior writing, to create the play known as The Two Noble Kinsmen.
During the 1566 performance, with Oxford in attendance, the queen was thrilled by the staging of a “cry of hounds” for Theseus, Duke of Athens. Reacting to the realism of the scene, students began “hallooing” and Elizabeth is reported to have shouted, “O excellent! Those boys are ready to leap out at windows to follow the hounds!”
Perhaps the author of Hamlet recalled Her Majesty’s delight at the naturalness of it all when he wrote the prince’s statement that “the purpose of playing” is “to hold as ‘twere the mirror up to nature…”
“Hounds at Full Cry” – the oil painting by Thomas Blinks
In the future, A Midsummer Night’s Dream by “Shakespeare” would also present Theseus, Duke of Athens, who says: “My love shall hear the music of my hounds … My hounds are bred out of the Spartan kind … A cry more tuneable was never holloo’d to nor cheered with horn.” When the queen attended the latter play at court, did she recall the earlier play from 1566? Did she realize that Oxford must have inserted the hounds as a private, shared recollection of those earlier hounds at the university?
The alleged playwriting career of Richard Edwards lasted just two years. His death on 31 October 1566 occurred only weeks after Palamon and Arcyte had been staged for the queen at Oxford. A decade later in 1576 came publication of The Paradise of Dainty Devices, a collection of ninety-nine poems (and/or song lyrics) that Edwards had compiled “for his private use” before he died, according to the printer Henry Disle. Ten of the verses were attributed to “M. Edwardes,” with eight signed “E.O.” for Edward Oxenford, as he often signed his name.
If in fact Edwards had compiled the poems ten years earlier, Oxford would have composed his contributions by age sixteen; but if the earl himself had done the compiling for the 1576 edition, he might have written his own poems at any time up to then. Of the nine contributors whose names or initials appear on the title page, only Oxford and Lord Vaux were noblemen, and the latter was deceased.
There are many unanswered questions about The Paradise, not least of which is how many other verses in the volume might have come from Oxford’s pen. Alexander B. Grosart in Fuller Worthies’ Library of 1872 identified twenty-two poems by de Vere, remarking that “an unlifted shadow lies across his memory.”
“Shakespeare” would later use part of a song, attributed in The Paradise to Edwards, entitled In Commendation of Music (“Where griping grief the heart would wound,” etc.). The excerpt appears in Romeo and Juliet:
When griping grief the heart doth wound,
And doleful dumps the mind oppress,
Then mustic with her silver sound…(4.5)
Hyder Rollins in his edition of 1927 reports that The Paradise was “the most popular miscellany printed during the reign of Queen Elizabeth” and that by 1606 it had “reached at least a tenth edition.” Additional poems were included with many of the new printings.
So we find the teenage de Vere and the Master of the Chapel Children with intensely shared interests in music, lyrics, poetry, players and plays, strands of which are all intertwined with, and connected to, the future “Shakespeare” works.
(This reason is now No. 18 in 100 Reasons Shake-speare was the Earl of Oxford. Many thanks to editor Alex McNeil for his invaluable expertise and help.)
on May 25, 2019 at 9:32 pm Comments (4)
Tags: authorship, Damon and Pithias, earl of oxford, edward de vere, palamon and arcyte, paradise of dainty devices, queen elizabeth 1, Richard Edwards, shakespeare authorship, The Monument, The Two Noble Kinsmen, whittemore, who wrote shakespeare
Oxford’s Uncle Surrey, Father of the English Sonnet: Re-posting No. 55 of “100 Reasons” why Edward de Vere was “Shakespeare”
If Shakspere of Stratford-upon-Avon could have boasted that one of his uncles had introduced into England the sonnet form later made famous by “Shakespeare,” who would question his authorship of SHAKE-SPEARES SONNETS?
Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey (1517-1547)
Of course, he had no such uncle; but Edward de Vere’s uncle Henry Howard, earl of Surrey (1517-1547), was one of the founders of English Renaissance poetry.
Sir Thomas Wyatt, who belonged to the cultivated circle at the Court of Henry VIII and was Surrey’s senior by fifteen years
One of Oxford’s aunts, Frances de Vere (a sister of his father, the sixteenth earl), had married Surrey, the nobleman-poet who, with his friend Sir Thomas Wyatt (1503-1542), had pioneered the writing of English sonnets.
Wyatt and Surrey are known as the “Fathers of the English Sonnet.” Surrey created the rhyming meter and quatrain divisions of the “Elizabethan” or “Shakespearean” form of sonnet.
Surrey was beheaded in January 1547 by the dying Henry VIII, who had become increasingly paranoid as illness overwhelmed him. Without evidence the king had accused the poet-earl of treason, charging him with planning to usurp the crown from his nine-year-old son, the future Edward VI of England.
“Songs and Sonnettes,” usually called Tottel’s Miscellany, 1557, was the first printed anthology of English verse, containing 271 poems, forty of them by Oxford’s uncle the Earl of Surrey and ninety-six by Sir Thomas Wyatt
In 1557, ten years after Surrey’s death and when Oxford was seven, the publisher Richard Tottel issued Songes and Sonettes written by the right honorable Lorde Henry Haward, late Earle of Surrey and other, known later and more famously as Tottel’s Miscellany. (It was the custom for noblemen’s poetry to be printed posthumously.) This was the first printed anthology of English poetry and the most important verse collection of the sixteenth century, running into many editions during Elizabeth’s reign of nearly forty-five years.
With his translations of two books of Virgil’s Aeneid, Surrey was the first English poet to publish blank verse; in this, too, Oxford’s uncle prepared the way for Shakespeare. Well before his death Surrey’s poetry (inspired by the Italians) had been circulated in manuscript, so a young de Vere would have seen copies owned by his relatives. Aunt Frances, his father’s sister and Surrey’s widow, herself a versifier, lived until 1577, when Oxford was twenty-seven.
Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey (1517-1547), creator of the English or “Shakespearean” form of sonnet and uncle of Edward de Vere
As a young man Oxford was close to his cousins, Surrey’s son Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk (1536-1572), and the duke’s younger brother Henry Howard, the future 1st Earl of Northampton (1540-1614). Norfolk was executed in 1572 for taking part in the Ridolfi plot to put Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots on the throne; and Henry Howard was one of those responsible for turning Oxford against his wife Anne Cecil in 1576. This younger son of Surrey was extremely well-educated and intelligent, which drew Oxford to him, but he also had a “stupendous want of principle,” as Sir Sidney Lee writes in the Dictionary of National Biography (DNB). Oxford would accuse Howard in 1580 of plotting a Catholic overthrow of Queen Elizabeth on behalf of the still captive Mary Stuart.
Oxford’s relatives and their friends had been actively involved in the rise of English poetry that would flourish in the Elizabethan age and reach its extraordinary heights in the poems, plays and sonnets of “William Shakespeare.” These poets had included not only Wyatt and Surrey, but others:
Thomas, Lord Vaux, who died in 1556; two of his poems appeared in Tottel’s Miscellany (1557); thirteen are in The Paradise of Dainty Devices (1576), which contains youthful poetry of Edward de Vere
Thomas Lord Vaux (1509-1556), inventor of the six-line stanza used for verses of both Oxford and “Shakespeare.” Lord Vaux contributed some verse posthumously to The Paradise of Dainty Devices (1576), in which seven of Oxford’s poems appeared under the initials E.O.; Vaux had also composed a song adapted by “Shakespeare” into the Gravedigger’s song in Hamlet.
Edmund Baron Sheffield (1521-1549), another of Oxford’s poet-uncles, was the husband of the sixteenth Earl of Oxford’s sister Anne de Vere. Sheffield has been linked with Surrey as an upholder of “chivalric poetry.” He was reported to have had great “skill in music” and to have written “a book of sonnets in the Italian fashion,” but all these have been lost. Sheffield had little time; he died at twenty-eight, in the act of helping to suppress a rebellion.
Tottel’s Miscellany, Penquin Classics
Thomas Churchyard (1520-1604), a soldier-poet who was also an indefatigable “miscellaneous” writer. The DNB records he was “attached in his youth to the household of the famous Earl of Surrey, whose memory he fondly cherished throughout his long life.”
After serving militarily against Spain in the Low Countries on behalf of Prince William of Orange, the Protestant champion, Churchyard returned to England in 1567 and a year later entered the employ of eighteen-year-old de Vere. He soon embarked on an intelligence mission abroad, probably for William Cecil.
In 1580, according to Steven May, Churchyard proposed dedicating two works to “the most worthiest (and towards noble man), the Erle of Oxford,” who was spending his own money (and draining his purse) on patronizing many men of letters. Among them was Churchyard, who must have captured Oxford’s full attention while recalling his youthful service to Surrey.
(This Reason is now No. 15 of 100 Reasons Shake-speare was the Earl of Oxford)
“Set Me Whereas the Sun Doth Parch the Green”
A Sonnet by Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey
(In the form to be known as “Shakespearean”)
Or where his beams do not dissolve the ice,
In temperate heat where he is felt and seen,
In presence prest of people, mad or wise;
Set me in high or yet in low degree,
In longest night or in the shortest day,
In clearest sky or where clouds thickest be,
In lusty youth or when my hairs are gray.
Set me in heaven, in earth, or else in hell,
In hill, or dale, or in the foaming flood;
Thrall or at large, alive whereso I dwell,
Sick or in health, in evil fame or good:
Hers will I be, and only with this thought
Content myself although my chance be nought.
on May 20, 2019 at 9:56 pm Leave a Comment
Tags: authorship, earl of oxford, earl of surrey, edward de vere, queen elizabeth 1, shakespeare authorship, surrey, thomas wyatt, whittemore, who wrote shakespeare
“ALL IS TRUE” is ANYTHING BUT!
https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2019/05/all-true-and-problem-shakespeare-biography/589018/
Tags: all is true, authorship, Ian McKellen, Judi Dench, Kenneth Branagh, shakespeare authorship, whittemore, who wrote shakespeare
Gardens & Gardening: Re-posting No. 54 of 100 Reasons Shake-speare was the Earl of Oxford
“One occupation, one point of view, above all others, is naturally his, that of a gardener; watching, preserving, tending and caring for growing things, especially flowers and fruit. All through his plays he thinks most easily and readily of human life and action in the terms of a gardener … it is ever present in Shakespeare’s thought and imagination, so that nearly all his characters share in it.” – Caroline Spurgeon, Shakespeare’s Imagery and what it tells us (1935)
Edward de Vere was a ward of Queen Elizabeth for nine years, living at the London home of William Cecil. “One of the chief features of Cecil House was its garden,” B.M. Ward writes. “The grounds in which the house stood must have covered many acres, and were more extensive than those of any of the other private homes in Westminster. John Gerard would become Sir William Cecil’s gardener for twenty years (1578-1597); and Sir William evidently took a great pride in his garden … Cecil imbued his sons and the royal wards under his charge with his own keenness in horticulture.”
We can easily imagine the teenage lord roaming through the great Cecil gardens, examining and smelling the flowers and learning about them.
John Gerard’s landmark book (1597)
Referring to Cecil’s country seat of Theobalds, Charlton Ogburn Jr. writes that gardens “were laid out on three sides of the mansion by the horticulturalist John Gerard … Trees and shrubs seen rarely if at all in Britain were imported from abroad. The gardens were widely known in Europe.”
O, what pity is it
That he [the king] had not so trimm’d and dress’d his land
As we this garden! We at time of year
Do wound the bark, the skin of our fruit-trees,
Lest, being over-proud in sap and blood,
With too much riches it confound itself:
Had he done so to great and growing men,
They might have lived to bear and he to taste
Their fruits of duty: superfluous branches
We lop away, that bearing boughs may live:
Had he done so, himself had borne the crown,
Which waste of idle hours hath quite thrown down.
— The Gardener in Richard II (3.4)
The gardener sows the seeds, whereof flowers do grow,
And others yet do gather them, that took less pain I know.
So I the pleasant grape have pulled from the vine,
And yet I languish in great thirst, while others drink the wine.
— Oxford, The Paradise of Dainty Devices, 1576
O thou weed,
Who art so lovely fair and smell’st so sweet
That the sense aches at thee…
When I have plucked the rose,
I cannot give it vital growth again,
It must needs wither: I’ll smell it on the tree.
John Gerard, 1545-1612
— Othello in Othello (4.2 & 5.2)
“What doth avail the tree unless it yield fruit unto another? What doth avail the rose unless another took pleasure in the smell? Why should this tree be accounted better than that tree, but for the goodness of his fruit? Why should this vine be better than that vine, unless it brought forth a better grape than the other? Why should this rose be better esteemed than that rose, unless in pleasantness of smell it far surpassed the other rose? And so it is in all other things as well as in man.” – Edward de Vere Earl of Oxford, prefatory letter to Cardanus’ Comfort, 1573
“Shakespeare’s Imagery” by Caroline Spurgeon, 1935
The laboring man that tills the fertile soil
And reaps the harvest fruit, hath not indeed
The gain but pain, and if for all his toil
He gets the straw, the Lord will have the seed.
The machete fine falls not unto his share,
On coarset cheat, his hungry stomach feeds.
The landlord doth possess the finest fare,
He pulls the flowers, the other plucks but weeds.
– Oxford’s poem for Cardanus’ Comfort, 1573
Oxford was uniquely positioned to assume the point of view of the gardener, as well as to acquire the love and knowledge of seeds, plants, flowers and trees exhibited by Shakespeare.
(This reason is number 65 in 100 Reasons Shake-speare was the Earl of Oxford)
on April 28, 2019 at 9:22 pm Comments (4)
Tags: authorship, earl of oxford, edward de vere, gardening, john gerard, shakespeare authorship, whittemore, who wrote shakespeare, William Cecil
“Performance in the Tiltyard” — Re-Posting No. 52 of 100 Reasons Why the Earl of Oxford was “Shake-speare”
Whitehall Palace, 22 January 1581:
The Old Whitehall Palace by Hendrick Dankerts, 17th century. Before it was destroyed by fire in 1698, Whitehall was the largest palace in Europe, with more than 1,500 rooms.
An overflow crowd at the Whitehall Tiltyard watches thirty-year-old Edward de Vere as he once again proves himself a master showman. The spectators gasp as he emerges from his magnificent tent, appearing as the Knight of the Tree of the Sunne. His boy-page approaches Queen Elizabeth and, facing her, delivers a “Sweet Speech” (written, no doubt, by the earl himself). Now, after an exchange with his delighted queen, Oxford mounts his horse and rides to defend his title against the challenger. At the end he is still champion of the tilt; and members of the cheering, frenzied crowd race to tear the tent and the tree into pieces.
This dramatic episode of the Elizabethan reign will be described eleven years later, in 1592, in a book published by Cuthbert Burby ( who will also issue three quartos of the “Shakespeare” plays, including Romeo and Juliet in 1599 as “newly corrected, augmented and amended” by the author himself). The description of Oxford’s 1581 production (rendered in more modern English) in the tiltyard (without the page’s Sweet Speech) follows:
“By the tilt stood a stately Tent of Orange tawny Taffeta, curiously embroidered with Silver & pendants on the Pinnacles very slightly to behold. From forth this Tent came the noble Earl of Oxenford in rich gilt Armor, and sat down under a great high Bay-tree, the whole stock, branches and leaves whereof were all gilded over, that nothing but Gold could be discerned.
A Bay-Tree, this one with a spiral stem. Bay-trees can grow much larger.
“By the Tree stood twelve tilting staves, all which likewise were gilded clean over. After a solemn sound of most sweet Music, he mounted on his Courser, very richly caparisoned, when his page ascending the stairs where her Highness stood in the window, delivered to her by speech this Oration:
“[A SWEET SPEECH SPOKEN AT THE TRYUMPH BEFORE THE QUEEN’S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTIE, BY THE PAGE TO THE RIGHT NOBLE CHAMPION, THE EARL OF OXENFORD]
“The speech being ended, with great honor he ran, and valiantly broke all the twelve staves.
“And after the finishing of the sports: both the rich Bay-tree, and the beautiful Tent, were by the standers-by torn and rent in more pieces than can be numbered.”
When J. Thomas Looney identified Oxford as “Shakespeare” in 1920, he was probably unaware of this “show” that the earl produced, directed and starred in. But let us imagine Looney making observations and gathering evidence, which would come together as an initial theory of Shakespearean authorship, and then coming upon the above account of an event in Oxford’s life. Isn’t it just the kind of thing he might have expected and hoped to find?
There is a clear link between Oxford’s appearance in 1581 before Queen Elizabeth as “the Knight of the Tree of the Sunne” and the allegorical elegy The Phoenix and Turtle, published in 1601 as by “William Shake-speare” in a compilation of verses called Love’s Martyr or Rosalins Complaint. In his 1581 tiltyard performance Oxford had depicted Elizabeth as the Phoenix, the mythical bird that consumes itself in flames ignited by the sun and is reborn from its own ashes; even earlier, the queen herself had used the Phoenix as a symbol of her chastity and of the rebirth (through succession to the throne) of her Tudor dynasty.
Oxford depicted himself as the queen’s loyal knight devoted to protecting “the Tree of the Sunne” — the single (or sole) Arabian tree in which the Phoenix had her nest, symbolic of the English throne and Elizabeth’s dynastic seat. The earl’s page delivered an oration to the queen describing how the earl had made “a solemn vow to incorporate his heart into that Tree,” adding that “as there is but one Sun to shine over it, one root to give life unto it, one top to maintain Majesty, so there should be but one Knight, either to live or die for the defense thereof.” Oxford was symbolically merging with Elizabeth, as if they were a single entity, and pledging to protect the queen and her dynasty with his “constant loyalty” as well as with his life.
(This post is now No. 4 of 100 Reasons Shake-speare was the Earl of Oxford.)
(Thanks to editor Alex McNeil for his expert help; and to Brian Bechtold for his editorial assistance)
on April 13, 2019 at 12:00 am Leave a Comment
Tags: authorship, earl of oxford, edward de vere, queen elizabeth, shakespeare authorship, sweet speech, The Monument, The Phoenix and Turtle, tiltyard, whittemore, who wrote shakespeare
Oxford’s Military Knowledge: Re-Posting Reason 51 Why he was “Shake-speare”
“Warfare is everywhere in Shakespeare, and the military action in many of Shakespeare’s plays, and the military imagery in all his plays and poems show that he possessed an extraordinarily detailed knowledge of warfare, both ancient and modern.” – Charles Edelman, “Shakespeare’s Military Language” (2000)
The Elizabethan army in Ireland
Edelman’s book provides “a comprehensive account of Shakespeare’s portrayal of military life, tactics and technology and explores how the plays comment upon military incidents and personalities of the Elizabethan era.”
How do orthodox biographers imagine Shakspere of Stratford accumulating such “extraordinarily detailed knowledge” of warfare and military matters? Is it through automatic assimilation, by which all intricacies are miraculously absorbed into the very fiber of his being and translated into the dialogue of characters in his plays?
“Shakespeare expresses the courtier-soldier’s point of view too clearly and naturally and displays far too familiar a grasp of military methods, objectives and colloquialisms not to have acquired this knowledge through serious study – plus firsthand experience – of the arts of war,” Charles Barrell writes. “No such study and experience can be documented in the career of the Stratford native.”
At issue is “information” as opposed to innate genius – the former term defined (by my dictionary) as knowledge “communicated or received concerning particular facts or circumstances,” or otherwise “gained through study, research, instruction, experience.” The great author’s information about military life was not genetically inherited; it was acquired. He draws upon his wealth of information not in any calculated way but, rather, spontaneously, during the white heat of composition, and employs it for various purposes the way an artist will mix paints on his canvas.
On and on come the military terms in the plays, as in 2 Henry IV, for example, with words such as alarum, ancient, archer, beacon, beaver, besonian, blank, bounce, bullet, Caesar’s thrasonical brag, caliver, captain, chamber, charge, cavalier, chivalry, coat, corporal.
“In every outstanding instance of specialized knowledge,” Barrell notes, “Oxford’s personal familiarity with the subject can be categorically documented; and this is particularly true in respect to ‘Shakespeare’s’ fund of military information.” The earl unquestionably acquired information about “military life, tactics and technology” in ways such as these:
Horatio Vere
* Oxford’s cousins Horatio and Francis Vere, known as the “Fighting Veres” for their exploits as soldiers, may have been the models for the soldiers Horatio and Francisco in Hamlet.
Francis Vere (1560-1609)
* Oxford’s brother-in-law Peregrine Bertie, Lord Willoughby d’Eresby, devoted his life to the political and military service of Queen Elizabeth.
* When the Northern Rebellion of powerful Catholic earls began in November 1569, Oxford at nineteen requested military service, which was granted in the spring of 1570, when he served under Sussex. The chief action he would have seen was the siege of Hume Castle, whose defenders surrendered to avoid any further bombardment – an episode that calls to mind the siege of Harfleur by Henry the Fifth.
Hume Castle
* Oxford was champion of his first tournament at the Whitehall Tiltyard, in May 1571, performing “far above expectation of the world” in front of Queen Elizabeth and the royal court. He blazed his way “with fiery energy,” contemporary Giles Fletcher wrote, summoning “a mimicry of war” as he “controls his foaming steed with a light rein, and armed with a long spear rides to the encounter … Bravo, valiant youth! ‘Tis thus that martial spirits pass through their apprenticeship in war … The country sees in thee both a leader pre-eminent in war, and a skillful man-at-arms…” A decade later, in January 1581, Oxford prevailed as champion of his second and final such tournament.
* In August 1572 he played the starring role in the staged military battle at Warwick Castle, leading 200 armed soldiers of one fortified position against those of another; and the contemporary account of this extravagant and realistic entertainment supplied the kind of military terms to appear later in the “Shakespeare” plays: “battering pieces … chambers … mortar pieces … assaults … calivers … arquebuses …”
* The Defense of Militaire Profession was published in 1579, “wherein is eloquently shewed the due commendation of Martiall prowess, and plainly proved how necessary the exercise of Armes is for this our age.” It was dedicated by its author, Geffrey Gates, “To the Right honorable Edward de Vere, Earle of Oxenford.” The publisher, John Harrison, would later issue Venus and Adonis in 1593 and Lucrece in 1594, introducing “William Shakespeare” by way of the dedications to Southampton, with both narrative poems having been personally overseen by the poet.
* On June 25, 1585, Oxford wrote to Burghley asking for a loan to help in his suit for a military command in the Netherlands in England’s impending war with Spain. In this letter he launched into a Shakespearean string of military metaphors, writing, “For, being now almost at a point to taste that good which her Majesty shall determine, yet am I as one that hath long besieged a fort and not able to compass the end or reap the fruit of his travail, being forced to levy his siege for want of munition.”
(“Munition” was not a common word at the time, but “Shakespeare” used it more than once, as when Gloucester in 1 Henry VI declares, “I’ll to the Tower with all the haste I can/ To view the artillery and munition” [1.1])
* Later that summer, Oxford (at age thirty-five) was commissioned to command a company of horse in the Low Countries. “Five or six thousand English soldiers have arrived in Flanders with the Earl of Oxford and Colonel Norris,” came one report in September. A month later, however, the queen commanded Oxford to return home and sent Leicester, who, having maneuvered his way into replacing Oxford, would proceed to disgrace himself by his behavior in Holland.
* Oxford was reported among the many “honorable personages” in the summer of 1588 who “were suddenly embarked, committing themselves unto the present chance of war” when the Spanish Armada arrived on its mission to crush England. Apparently Oxford’s ship was disabled, because he went directly home for his armor, and even his enemy Leicester reported that “he seems most willing to hazard his life in this quarrel.”
How did “Shakespeare” acquire his military knowledge? The life of Oxford provides the most plausible answer. Immediately inside the cover page of The Defense of Militarie Profession is the coat of arms usually used by Oxford, with his earldom motto VERO NIHIL VERIUS (“Nothing Truer than Truth”) displayed along the bottom.
On the first righthand page begins the dedication “TO THE RIGHT honorable, Edward de Vere, Earle of Oxenford, vicount Bulbecke, Lord of Escales and Baldesmere, and Lord great Chamberlaine of England.” It continues: “It hath been an old controversy in the opinion of the English nation what profession of life is most honorable in worldly states…”
De Vere not only acted as the writer’s patron, but also financed the publication; beyond that, he took great interest in this work and likely contributed a great deal to it behind the scenes.
Back in November 1569, when the Northern Rebellion had begun, Oxford wrote to Cecil asking for military service against the powerful Catholic earls of the north. To the nineteen-year-old earl, such service was the most honorable course. He told his guardian that “at this time I am bold to desire your favour and friendship that you will suffer me to be employed by your means and help in this service that now is in hand.”
He reminded Cecil that “heretofore you have given me your good word to have me see the wars and services in strange and foreign places … Now you will do me so much honour as that by your purchase of my License I may be called to the service of my prince and country …”
In September 1572, after the St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacrre of Protestants in France, Oxford wrote to Burghley saying he would be eager to serve the Queen on the Continent: “I had rather serve there than at home where yet some honor were to be got; if there be any setting forth to sea, to which service I bear most affection, I shall desire your Lordship to give me and get me that favour and credit, that I might make one. Which if there be no such intention, then I shall be most willing to be employed on the sea coasts, to be in a readiness with my countrymen against any invasion.”
Oxford never lost his eagerness to serve as a military man, always connecting that activity with honor. It is easy to imagine him composing Hamlet and having Ophelia cry out,
O what a noble mind is here o’erthrown!
The courtier’s, soldier’s, scholar’s, eye, tongue, sword,
The expectancy and rose of the fair state!
Edward Earl of Oxford was all that and much more.
(Note: This post is now No. 59 in 100 Reasons Shake-speare was the Earl of Oxford.)
on April 2, 2019 at 9:50 am Leave a Comment
Tags: authorship, defense of military profession, earl of oxford, edward de vere, queen elizabeth, queen elizabeth 1, shakespeare and military, shakespeare authorship, shakespeare's military knowledge, The Monument, whittemore, who wrote shakespeare
“The Director-Actor”: Re-posting No. 50 of 100 Reasons Shakespeare was the Earl of Oxford
If “Shakespeare” lived in our own time, he would likely have been not only a poet, playwright and novelist, but also a screenwriter and director on a grand scale, similar to modern greats such as David Lean or Steven Spielberg. He would have seized the chance to make the most of advances in the technology and art of filmmaking.
When Oxford emerges from the shadows of history, the curtain will rise on not only the hidden genius who adopted the pen name “Shakespeare” at age forty-three in 1593, but also on the great impresario who, unknown to the public, was the primary force behind the extraordinary pageant of entertainments for Queen Elizabeth and her royal court.
In the summer of 1572 at Warwick Castle, an elaborate “show” was presented in the form of a mock military battle between two armies, one under Oxford’s command, according to a contemporary chronicler:
Cover of “The Queen’s Progress: An Elizabethan Alphabet” by Celeste Davidson Mannis
“Be it remembered that in the year of Our Lord 1572, and in the fourteenth year of our Sovereign Lady Queen Elizabeth, the twelfth day of August in the said year, it pleased our said Sovereign Lady to visit this borough of Warwick in person…”
On her royal progress with the court, she arrived in great splendor as all the chief citizens knelt outside the town to greet her: “Her Majesty in her coach, accompanied with the Lady of Warwick in the same coach … the Lord Burghley, lately made Lord Treasurer of England, the Earl of Sussex, lately made Lord Chamberlain to Her Majesty, the Lord Howard of Effingham, lately made Lord Privy Seal, the Earl of Oxford Lord Great Chamberlain of England…”
By now Oxford’s close friends Sussex and Charles Howard, Earl of Effingham were in charge of ensuring that plays were brought to court, a duty they would carry out until Sussex’s death in 1583.
The queen spent a week in the Warwick area and on Sunday the 18th of August “it pleased her to have the country people resorting to see her dance in the Court of the Castle … which thing, as it pleased well the country people, so it seemed Her Majesty was much delighted and made very merry.”
In the evening after supper came the mock battle, which, among other things, was an exercise in theatrical realism.
Elizabeth and the court first saw a fort, commanded by Fulke Greville, “made of slender timber covered with canvas.” Inside were “divers persons to serve the soldiers; and therefore so many harnesses as might be gotten within the town … wherewith men were armed and appointed to cast out fireworks, [such as] squibs and balls of fire.
Fulke Greville (1554-1628)
“Against that fort was another castle-wise prepared of like strength, whereof was governor the Earl of Oxford, a lusty gentleman, with a lusty band of gentlemen.
“Between these forts, or against them, were placed certain battering pieces, to the number of twelve or fourteen, brought from London, and twelve fair chambers, or mortar pieces, brought also from the Tower … These pieces and chambers were by trains fired, and so made a great noise, as though it had been a sore assault …
Arquebus or Harquebus
“The Earl of Oxford and his soldiers, to the number of two hundred, with calivers and arquebusses [muskets], likewise gave divers assaults; they in the fort shooting again, and casting out divers fires, terrible to those that have not been in like experiences, valiant to such as delighted therein, and indeed strange to them that understood it not.
“For the wild fire falling into the river Avon would for a time lie still, and then again rise and fly abroad, casting forth many flashes and flames, whereat the Queen’s Majesty took great pleasure…
“At the last, when it was appointed that the over-throwing of the fort should be, a dragon flying, casting out huge flames and squibs, lighted up the fort, and so set fire thereon, to the subversion thereof; but whether by negligence or otherwise, it happened that a ball of fire fell on a house at the end of the bridge…
An engraving of Warwick Castle, 1729
“And no small marvel it was that so little harm was done, for the fire balls and squibs cast up did fly quite over the Castle, and into the midst of the town; falling down some on the houses, some in courts … and some in the street … Four houses in the town and suburbs were on fire at once, whereof one had a ball come through both sides, and made a hole as big as a man’s head, and did no more harm.”
A man and his wife were sleeping in the house hit with the fireball, so Oxford and Greville ran over to help. After some difficulty, they rescued the couple; the next morning the queen and her courtiers gave the man more than 25 pounds to cover the damage.
Such high drama on a grand scale is exactly what we might expect to find “Shakespeare” creating as a young man, more than two decades before his adoption of that pen name. We might well expect to find that, in addition to becoming the greatest writer of the English language, the poet-dramatist was also a master showman.
[The contemporary chronicle was in Black Book of Warwick, printed in Bibliotecha Topographica Britannica, vol. iv., and reprinte by B. M. Ward in his 1928 biography The Seventeenth Earl of Oxford, 1550-1604, From Contemporary Documents.]
This blog post, appearing here as edited by Alex McNeil, is now number 3 in 100 Reasons Shake-speare was the Earl of Oxford.
on February 24, 2019 at 5:43 pm Comments (6)
Tags: authorship, earl of oxford, edward de vere, queen elizabeth 1, shakespeare and military, shakespeare authorship, The Monument, Warwick Castle, whittemore, who wrote shakespeare
Oxford in the Plays: re-posting no. 49 of 100 Reasons Shake-speare was the Earl of Oxford
This reason focuses on the author’s pervasive presence in the plays. That does not prove that Oxford wrote them, but it does add to the overwhelming evidence that he did. A continued gaze through an Oxfordian lens brings a completely different picture into focus, one that feels like truth.
Elizabeth attending a play at the royal court; click on image for slightly sharper version
In a debate in New York City a Stratfordian opponent complained that I was trying to “take away” his personal conception of Hamlet by suggesting the Prince is a mirror reflection of Oxford. I replied that knowing who created Hamlet can only enhance our appreciation in every way and certainly can’t detract from it!
Of course the character of Hamlet is not strictly autobiographical. But the author did use various pieces of his own nature and life experiences, then grafted them onto various outside elements including classical sources, some of which served as templates. The mirror image is not literal; after mixing all the elements, he breathed life into a new creature of his imagination. It’s no wonder Hamlet seems to be as alive, perhaps more so, as anyone in real life.
Aspects of Oxford’s own personality and life are depicted in play after play, by characters who reveal themselves as creations of the artist. In some cases he splits himself into two separate characters embodying opposite sides of his own nature, such as Valentine and Proteus in The Two Gentlemen of Verona. Valentine is virtuous and endowed with noble qualities; Proteus is viewed as “perjured, false and disloyal,” according to Silvia, a character who represents Queen Elizabeth. In fact the queen held both views of Oxford, who, as a truth-teller, freely expresses the better and worse sides of himself.
Another such splitting can be seen in his portraits in Measure for Measure of the noble and kind Duke versus the less than virtuous Angelo. In As You Like It we can see Oxford expressing the melancholy side of his nature through Jacques, while Touchstone, the former courtier, is the poet who plays the fool with a scathing wit as well as a profound wisdom: “When a man’s verses cannot be understood, nor a man’s good wit seconded with the forward child Understanding, it strikes a man more dead that a great reckoning in a little room.” (3.3)
Here’s a partial list of characters that seem, in various ways, to closely reflect Edward de Vere:
Angelo …………………………… Measure for Measure
Antonio …………………………..The Merchant of Venice
Benedick ……………………….. Much Ado About Nothing
Berowne ………………………….Love’s Labours Lost
Bertram …………………………. All’s Well That Ends Well
Duke ………………………………. Measure for Measure
Philip the Bastard …………… King John
Fenton …………………………….The Merry Wives of Windsor
Feste the Clown ……………….Twelfth Night
Hamlet ……………………………. Hamlet, Prince of Denmark
Jacques ……………………………As You Like It
King Lear ………………………….King Lear
Othello ……………………………. Othello
Pericles …………………………….Pericles
Posthumous ……………………. Cymbeline
Prospero …………………………. The Tempest
Proteus …………………………….The Two Gentlemen of Verona
Romeo …………………………….. Romeo and Juliet
Timon ……………………………….Timon of Athens
Troilus ………………………………Troilus and Cressida
Valentine ………………………….The Two Gentlemen of Verona
Philip the Bastard (Faulconbridge) in King John offers a fascinating view of Edward de Vere as a high-spirited young courtier, full of merry mischief and zeal for military combat and glory. Although King John is classified as a history play, Philip is the author’s own creation. Oxford, who had been called a bastard by his own half-sister when he was thirteen, would have relished the chance to let his Bastard dominate the play and even conclude it with nationalistic gusto:
This England never did, nor never shall,
Lie at the proud foot of a conqueror,
But when it first did help to wound itself.
Now these her princes are come home again,
Come the three corners of the world in arms,
And we shall shock them. Nought shall make us rue,
If England to itself do rest but true. (5.7)
That word “true” is often a tipoff that Oxford, whose motto was Nothing Truer than Truth, is representing some aspect of himself through a character. “But I hope truth is subject to no prescription,” he wrote to Robert Cecil, “for truth is truth, though never so old.” Consider, for example, this speech by Troilus:
True swains in love shall in the world to come
Approve their truths by Troilus: when their rhymes,
Full of protest, of oath and big compare,
Want similes, truth tired with iteration,
As true as steel, as plantage to the moon,
As sun to day, as turtle to her mate,
As iron to adamant, as earth to the center,
Yet, after all comparisons of truth,
As truth’s authentic author to be cited,
“As true as Troilus” shall crown up the verse,
And sanctify the numbers. (3.2)
Bringing stage works to the royal court, Oxford played the jester from behind the scenes. Olivia [Elizabeth] in Twelfth Night calls Feste [Oxford] a clown or “fool” who is “allowed” (i.e., specifically permitted) to run off at the mouth and make sport of others: “There is no slander in an allowed fool, though he do nothing but rail” (1.5) — the queen’s personal playwright can scold or rant all he wants. So long as she shields him with the royal protection, no one dares to accuse him of slander. Imagine the ticket she gave him to use his powers, as a master of hilarious, merciless satire and truth-telling, to aim at those who deserved the roast!
In any case, a few characters resembling aspects of de Vere might be deemed a coincidence, but the sheer quantity of them indicates that much more is at work.
(This reason is now No. 50 of 100 Reasons Shake-speare was the Earl of Oxford.)
Thanks to editor Alex McNeil and also to Brian Bechtold for his editorial contributions.
Tags: authorship, earl of oxford, edward de vere, shakespeare authorship, The Monument, whittemore, who wrote shakespeare
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"TWELVE YEARS IN THE LIFE OF SHAKESPEARE"
AN OXFORDIAN JOURNAL – TABLE OF CONTENTS
HANK'S 100 REASONS WHY OXFORD WAS "SHAKESPEARE" — THE LIST TO DATE
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Re-Posting No. 61 of One Hundred Reasons “Shakespeare” was the Earl of Oxford: The Sea & Seamanship
Re-posting No. 60 of 100 Reasons Why Shake-speare was the Earl of Oxford: “The Famous Victories of Henry the Fifth”
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A PERSONAL & PROFESSIONAL JOURNEY – HANK'S MEMOIR
A Response to the Birthplace Trust and "Beyond Doubt" by Oxfordians of the Shakespeare Fellowship
ABOUT OXFORD-SHAKESPEARE'S GENEVA BIBLE – Roger Stritmatter at Shake-speare's Bible.com
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Online slot machines are a great source of increasing real money and have a high level of entertainment. The generation of numbers is automatic and fair at the machines. Online gamblers can understand the reels and themes to prepare a winning strategy at daftar slot machines. There are five main approaches that provide more winning chances to the players. You can check them and have benefits at online slot machines.
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Thus, these are the five strategies for online slot machines at gambling platforms. A thrilling experience is provided to the players.
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Home / Newsroom / Releases / Program Providing UC San Diego Postdoctoral Scholars with Academic Career Training Renewed
Program Providing UC San Diego Postdoctoral Scholars with Academic Career Training Renewed
Increased funding by NIH expands number of postdocs who receive critical training and mentoring in biomedical sciences
July 21, 2016 | Scott LaFee
Postdoctoral researchers, fresh from completing their formal education and beginning their independent careers in earnest, are fundamental to the advancement and success of science. In recognition of the Institutional Research and Academic Career Development Award (IRACDA) program at the University of California San Diego, which provides mentored training to postdocs in biomedical sciences, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has not only renewed its grant funding, but lengthened the term and increased the number of supported postdoctoral scholars.
The $5.9 million grant over five years (up from three) will provide training in research, teaching and other critical skills to 15 young scientists (up from 12). “This is clear recognition by the NIH that the San Diego IRACDA program has been very successful,” said JoAnn Trejo, PhD, professor of pharmacology at UC San Diego School of Medicine, associate dean for health sciences faculty affairs and director of the San Diego IRACDA program.
“Our mission is to increase the diversity of academic faculty by providing essential skills, experiences and tools to a diverse group of postdoctoral scholars developing their independent university research and teaching careers.”
Trejo said San Diego IRACDA has trained 72 scholars in the past thirteen years, roughly two-thirds from underrepresented populations and two-thirds of them women. All IRACDA alumni have found jobs in science; 65 percent have obtained faculty positions at academic institutions.
Trejo attributed success placing fellows in academic positions, particularly in an increasingly competitive job market, to strong institutional support.
“Research universities not only propel science forward, they are the originating founts for educating, training and producing the scientists who do the work, who make the discoveries that benefit us all,” said UC San Diego Chancellor Pradeep K. Khosla. “The San Diego IRACDA has long played a critical role, both in providing invaluable training to young scientists and in boosting academic faculty diversity moving forward. The NIH renewal is much-deserved validation of their efforts.”
Seven new IRACDA fellows will begin their three-year terms, which include NIH-defined stipends, health benefits and financial support for research and professional development, in September.
For more information about San Diego IRACDA, visit iracda.ucsd.edu
State Stem Cell Agency Awards $4M for Blood Cancer Immunotherapy at UC San Diego
The California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM) approved a $4.1 million grant to enable University of California San Diego School of Medicine researchers to advance a new chimeric antigen re ...
We Might Not Know Half of What’s in Our Cells, New AI Technique Reveals
Artificial intelligence-based technique reveals previously unknown cell components that may provide new clues to human development and disease.
UC San Diego-Led Team Receives $9M to Advance Parkinson’s Disease Treatments
A new $9 million grant from Aligning Science Across Parkinson’s (ASAP) will enable advancement of UC San Diego’s discovery that inhibiting a single gene in mice converts other cell types directly into ...
Tumor Reasons Why Cancers Thrive in Chromosomal Chaos
University of California San Diego researchers describe how a pair of fundamental genetic and cellular processes — aneuploidy and unfolded protein response — are exploited by cancer cells to promote ... |
Infinix Note 12i 2022 Features, Specifications
Infinix has just launched their newest smartphone, the Infinix Note 12i 2022. This device is sure to turn heads with its sleek design and cutting-edge features. It comes with a 6.7-inch HD+ Infinity-O display, a powerful MediaTek Helio G90T processor, 8GB of RAM, and 128GB of internal storage. The device also boasts a 48MP quad rear camera setup, a 16MP front-facing camera, and a massive 6,000mAh battery. The Note 12i 2022 also runs on the latest Android 11 OS and is equipped with a side-mounted fingerprint scanner for added security. With its impressive specs and attractive design, the Infinix Note 12i 2022 is sure to be a hit among tech enthusiasts.
Infinix Note 12i 2022 Specification
Infinix Note 12i 2022 camera feature
Infinix Note 12i 2022 Conclusion
Infinix Note 12i 2022
that will definitely make you want to buy it. It has a 6.9-inch FHD+ LCD display with a resolution of 1080×2460 pixels. It is powered by a MediaTek Helio G90T processor coupled with 6GB of RAM and 128GB of internal storage which can be further expanded up to 512GB via a microSD card. It runs on Android 10 operating system with XOS 7.0 on top. In terms of optics, it has a quad rear camera setup comprising of a 64MP primary sensor, an 8MP ultra-wide-angle lens, a 2MP depth sensor and a 2MP macro lens. For the front, there is an 8MP selfie shooter. The device is backed by a 6000mAh battery with 18W fast charging support. It also features a rear-mounted fingerprint sensor and face unlock for added security. Connectivity options include 4G VoLTE, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GPS, and USB Type-C port.
The Infinix Note 12i 2022 is a powerful device that packs a 6.9-inch FHD+ LCD display with a resolution of 1080×2460 pixels. It is powered by a MediaTek Helio G90T processor and comes with 6GB of RAM and 128GB of internal storage which can be further expanded up to 512GB via a microSD card. It runs on Android 10 operating system with XOS 7.0 on top. In terms of optics, it features a quad rear camera setup consisting of a 64MP primary sensor, an 8MP ultra-wide-angle lens, a 2MP depth sensor, and a 2MP macro lens. For the front, there is an 8MP selfie shooter. The device is backed by a 6000mAh battery with 18W fast charging support. It also features a rear-mounted fingerprint sensor and face unlock for added security. Connectivity options include 4G VoLTE, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GPS, and USB Type-C port.
that includes a triple rear camera setup with a 48-megapixel primary lens, a 2-megapixel macro lens, and a 2-megapixel depth sensor. For selfies, it has an 8-megapixel front camera housed in a punch-hole cutout. Other camera features include AI Scene Recognition, AI Beauty, AI Portrait, AI HDR, and more. The Infinix Note 12i 2022 is powered by a MediaTek Helio G85 octa-core processor coupled with 4GB of RAM and 64GB of internal storage which can be further expanded up to 256GB via a microSD card. It runs on Android 11 based on the company’s own XOS 7.6 UI and is backed by a 5,000mAh battery with 18W fast charging support. Connectivity options include 4G LTE, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 5.0, GPS, 3.5mm audio jack, and a USB Type-C port. It features a rear-mounted fingerprint scanner and is available in two colour variants – Blue and Gray.
The Infinix Note 12i 2022 comes with an impressive camera setup that includes a triple rear camera array featuring a 48-megapixel primary lens, a 2-megapixel macro lens, and a 2-megapixel depth sensor. For selfies, it has an 8-megapixel front camera housed in a punch-hole cutout. Other camera features include AI Scene Recognition, AI Beauty, AI Portrait, AI HDR, and more. The device is powered by a MediaTek Helio G85 octa-core processor coupled with 4GB of RAM and 64GB of internal storage which can be further expanded up to 256GB via a microSD card. It runs on Android 11 based on the company’s own XOS 7.6 UI and is backed by a 5,000mAh battery with 18W fast charging support. Connectivity options include 4G LTE, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 5.0, GPS, 3.5mm audio jack, and a USB Type-C port. It features a rear-mounted fingerprint scanner and is available in two colour variants – Blue and Gray.
1. Q: What is the battery capacity of the Infinix Note 12i 2022?
A: The Infinix Note 12i 2022 comes with a 5000mAh battery capacity.
2. Q: What is the processor used in the Infinix Note 12i 2022?
A: The Infinix Note 12i 2022 is powered by an octa-core MediaTek Helio G90T processor.
3. Q: Does the Infinix Note 12i 2022 have a dedicated microSD card slot?
A: Yes, the Infinix Note 12i 2022 has a dedicated microSD card slot for expandable storage.
4. Q: What is the display size of the Infinix Note 12i 2022?
A: The Infinix Note 12i 2022 comes with a 6.78-inch FHD+ display.
The Infinix Note 12i 2022 is a powerful mobile device that comes with an array of impressive camera features and specs. It sports a quad-camera setup at the back, consisting of a 64MP primary sensor, an 8MP ultra-wide-angle lens, a 2MP macro lens, and a 2MP depth sensor. The front camera is a 16MP shooter with an f/2.0 aperture. It also has features such as AI scene detection, AI portrait mode, and AI beauty mode. The camera is capable of recording 4K videos at 30fps, as well as slow-motion videos at 1080p and 240fps. Other features include electronic image stabilization, HDR, and night mode. The phone also supports dual-SIM and 4G LTE connectivity. Additionally, the Infinix Note 12i 2022 is powered by a MediaTek Helio G85 processor and comes with 6GB of RAM and 128GB of storage. It runs on Android 11 and is backed by a 5,000mAh battery with 18W fast charging support.
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Burdened
May 18, 2017 EireneLeave a comment
There is a great burden on my heart today for a particular group of people. I meet them all the time….they are everywhere. They come from widely varied walks of life, from the affluent to the homeless. They may be young or old, from this country or another. But they have this in common — they believe they are saved, but they are not. “You shouldn’t judge people”, you may say. I appeal to the Scriptures which tell us that we can be known by our fruit. A saved life produces God-glorifying fruit. A saved life hates sin. Many people look back to the day that they said those “magic words” we call the sinner’s prayer as their hope for eternal life. However there has been no lasting change in their lives. They still love their sin. Yet because they said the “magic words”, they believe that God is satisfied and they’ll meet up with Him in heaven someday….but they have no love for Him here; no desire for Him; no yearning for holiness or hunger for His presence. Salvation is not merely heaven. Salvation is God Himself. The reality of HIM as the all-encompassing priority, focus and joy of our life.
So many have been deceived. While joyfully indulging in whatever makes them happy at the moment no matter what God has said about it, they demonstrate who actually is their Lord —- themselves. I’m not just talking about the drunkards, the addicts, and the prostitutes, but the good, moral, law-abiding citizens who fill up their lives with everything but God. Maybe He gets a Sunday service every now and then. Maybe a daily prayer or devotional. But HE IS GOD and He deserves every moment of every day, not just the crumbs that are left over after we’ve had our fill.
If you think you’re good enough for heaven, you are wrong. No one is good enough. If you think your religious activities will earn you heaven, you are wrong. We will never be saved by works. But what we can never do and never earn, God offers freely through the giving up of His Son to death on the cross for our sin. He paid the penalty that we deserved to pay that we might have His righteousness, which we could never deserve. There is no other way of salvation apart from Jesus Christ. NONE.
If people only knew Jesus…..really knew Him, they would gladly forsake all sin and everything else of this world to walk with Him. On that day when they step into eternity, so many are going to be surprised to hear those fearful words, “Depart from me you worker of iniquity, I never knew you.” There will be no remedy. There will be no hope.
My heart aches for you. And the heart of God pleads for you to consider your ways, turn from your sin and be saved.
Devotional, Faith, God, Jesus, Life, Religion, Thoughts
Live After Five Outreach – October 14, 2016
October 16, 2016 EireneLeave a comment
I saw him sitting on the curb reading one of our gospel tracts so I walked over to talk to him. Jerry was an older man who looked like he had lived a rough life. He talked about God in a generic kind of way that I’ve heard far too often. He’s thankful for the good in his life and attributes it to God watching over him. He’s not born again but believes that he is a good person and feels sure that God is satisfied with that. He believes that the Bible is God’s word….that is, until he doesn’t like what it says. By his own admission Jerry is given to regular drunkenness. In his mind, he doesn’t consider it to be a problem to God. When I pointed Jerry to the verses that spoke about drunkenness as a sin, he began to dismiss the Bible as a book written by men. And all because it touched the sin that he loved. As I talked to Jerry about the grace of God through Jesus Christ…about forgiveness of sin and deliverance from its power, he sat on that curb and cried. Yet he was unwilling to part with that one sin. I made sure he understood the consequences of that decision. He thanked me for talking to him and was wiping away another tear as I walked away. Please pray for Jerry to receive the love of the truth and be saved.
Faith, God, Jesus, Life, Religion
It shouldn’t end that way
August 9, 2016 December 6, 2020 EireneLeave a comment
Yesterday I had jury duty. After they had given us all our instructions, we just had to sit there and wait a few hours for them to choose who would stay and who would be sent home. So while we waited, they played a movie on the 2 large screens in the room. It was called “Taking Chance.” Normally I would have gone into the quiet room to read, but for whatever reason I just stayed in my seat as the movie began. The basic storyline was as follows: The main character was a Lt. Colonel in the Marine Corps who worked an office job, but he seemed to feel some stirrings of guilt because was not a part of the very conflict that he had been trained for. He volunteered to escort the remains of a Marine who was killed in combat to the family for burial. It seemed as though on the whole trip he was having an awakening as he considered the young man who was killed in battle as he was sitting safely in a cubicle.
Any my heart was almost exploding because it was like watching a parable of the church….many safe and comfortable on the sidelines while others are risking everything on the battlefield. But there are these moments of clarity when we see…..eternal realities…..God’s purposes….and ourselves somewhere on the outside. It is a moment of truth. A valley of decision. A choice must be made.
I anticipated the ending. He would leave everything and enlist for a tour of duty in Iraq. That was the only reasonable ending. But it wasn’t the ending. He arrived home to his nice house, hugged his wife and kids and shut the door. And the movie was over.
And everything in me screamed “NO…it’s not supposed to end like that!!”
People of God…..please….don’t let that be our ending. We have been trained and equipped for battle and everyone is needed for the fight. It is a moment of truth. A valley of decision. A choice must be made.
Devotional, Faith, God, Jesus, Life, ReligionChristianity, Church, Faith, God, Gospel, Jesus, Life, Religion |
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Exodus 2 -:-- / -:--
1 About this time, a man and woman from the tribe of Levi got married. 2 The woman became pregnant and gave birth to a son. She saw that he was a special baby and kept him hidden for three months. 3 But when she could no longer hide him, she got a basket made of papyrus reeds and waterproofed it with tar and pitch. She put the baby in the basket and laid it among the reeds along the bank of the Nile River. 4 The baby’s sister then stood at a distance, watching to see what would happen to him.
5 Soon Pharaoh’s daughter came down to bathe in the river, and her attendants walked along the riverbank. When the princess saw the basket among the reeds, she sent her maid to get it for her. 6 When the princess opened it, she saw the baby. The little boy was crying, and she felt sorry for him. “This must be one of the Hebrew children,” she said.
7 Then the baby’s sister approached the princess. “Should I go and find one of the Hebrew women to nurse the baby for you?” she asked.
8 “Yes, do!” the princess replied. So the girl went and called the baby’s mother.
9 “Take this baby and nurse him for me,” the princess told the baby’s mother. “I will pay you for your help.” So the woman took her baby home and nursed him.
10 Later, when the boy was older, his mother brought him back to Pharaoh’s daughter, who adopted him as her own son. The princess named him Moses,a for she explained, “I lifted him out of the water.”
11 Many years later, when Moses had grown up, he went out to visit his own people, the Hebrews, and he saw how hard they were forced to work. During his visit, he saw an Egyptian beating one of his fellow Hebrews. 12 After looking in all directions to make sure no one was watching, Moses killed the Egyptian and hid the body in the sand.
13 The next day, when Moses went out to visit his people again, he saw two Hebrew men fighting. “Why are you beating up your friend?” Moses said to the one who had started the fight.
14 The man replied, “Who appointed you to be our prince and judge? Are you going to kill me as you killed that Egyptian yesterday?”
Then Moses was afraid, thinking, “Everyone knows what I did.” 15 And sure enough, Pharaoh heard what had happened, and he tried to kill Moses. But Moses fled from Pharaoh and went to live in the land of Midian.
When Moses arrived in Midian, he sat down beside a well. 16 Now the priest of Midian had seven daughters who came as usual to draw water and fill the water troughs for their father’s flocks. 17 But some other shepherds came and chased them away. So Moses jumped up and rescued the girls from the shepherds. Then he drew water for their flocks.
18 When the girls returned to Reuel, their father, he asked, “Why are you back so soon today?”
19 “An Egyptian rescued us from the shepherds,” they answered. “And then he drew water for us and watered our flocks.”
20 “Then where is he?” their father asked. “Why did you leave him there? Invite him to come and eat with us.”
21 Moses accepted the invitation, and he settled there with him. In time, Reuel gave Moses his daughter Zipporah to be his wife. 22 Later she gave birth to a son, and Moses named him Gershom,b for he explained, “I have been a foreigner in a foreign land.”
23 Years passed, and the king of Egypt died. But the Israelites continued to groan under their burden of slavery. They cried out for help, and their cry rose up to God. 24 God heard their groaning, and he remembered his covenant promise to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. 25 He looked down on the people of Israel and knew it was time to act.c
a. 2:10 Moses sounds like a Hebrew term that means “to lift out.”
b. 2:22 Gershom sounds like a Hebrew term that means “a foreigner there.”
c. 2:25 Or and acknowledged his obligation to help them. |
Paying for Health Care – Health
The cost of health care in the United States is expensive and is escalating. A majority of Americans cannot afford the cost of medicines, physicians’ fees, or hospitalization without some form of health insurance. Health insurance is a contract between an insurance company and an individual or group for the payment of medical care costs. After the individual or group pays a premium to an insurance company, the insurance company pays for part or all of the medical costs depending on the type of insurance and benefits provided. The type of insurance policy purchased greatly influences where you go for health care, who provides the health care, and what medical procedures can be performed. The three basic health insurance plans include a private, fee-for-service plan; a prepaid group plan; and a government-financed public plan.Private Fee-For-Service Insurance PlanUntil recently, private, fee-for-service insurance was the principal form of health insurance coverage. In this plan an individual pays a monthly premium, usually through an employer, which ensures health care on a fee-far-service basis. On incurring medical costs, the patient files a claim to have a portion of these costs paid by the insurance company. There is usually a deductible, an amount paid by the patient before being eligible for benefits from the insurance company. For example, if your expenses are $1000, you may have to pay $200 before the insurance company will pay the other $800. Usually the lower the deductible, the higher the premiums will be. After the deductible is met the insurance provider pays a percentage of the remaining balance.Typically there are fixed indemnity benefits, specified amounts that are paid for particular procedures. If your policy pays $500 for a tonsilectomy and the actual cost was $1000, you owe the health care provider $500. There are often exclusions, certain services that are not covered by the policy. Common examples include elective surgery, dental care, vision care, and coverage for preexisting illnesses and injuries. Some insurance plans provide options for adding dental and vision care. Other common options include life insurance, which pays a death benefit, and disability insurance, which pays for income lost because of the inability to work as a result of an illness or injury. The more options added to the insurance plan, the more expensive the insurance will be.One strategy insurance companies are using to lower insurance premiums and out-of-pocket costs to the consumer is the formation of preferred providers organization (PPO). A PPO is a group of private practitioners who sell their services at reduced rates to insurance companies. When a patient chooses a provider that is in that company’s PPO, the insurance company pays a higher percentage of the fee. When a non-PPO provider is used, a much lower portion of the fee is paid.A major advantage of a fee-for-service plan is that the patient has options in selecting health-care providers. Several disadvantages are that patients may not routinely receive comprehensive, preventive health care; health-care costs to the patient may be high if unexpected illnesses or injuries occur; and it may place heavy demands on time in keeping track of medical records, invoices, and insurance reimbursement forms.Prepaid Group InsuranceIn prepaid group insurance, health care is provided by a group of physicians organized into a health maintenance organization (HMO). HMOs are managed health-care plans that provide a full range of medical services for a prepaid amount of money. For a fixed monthly fee, usually paid through pay roll deductions by an employer, and often a small deductible, enrollees receive care from physicians, specialists, allied health professionals, and educators who are hired or contractually retained by the HMO. HMOs provide an advantage in that they provide comprehensive care including preventive care at a lower cost than private insurance over a long period of coverage. One drawback is that patients are limited in their choice of providers to those who belong to an HMO.Government InsuranceIn a government insurance plan the government at the federal, state, or local level pays for the health-care costs of elgible participants. Two prominent examples of this plan are Medicare and Medicaid. Medicare is financed by social security taxes and is designed to provide health care for individuals 65 years of age and older, the blind, the severely disabled, and those requiring certain treatments such as kidney dialysis. Medicaid is subsidized by federal and state taxes. It provides limited health care, generally for individuals who are eligible for benefits and assistance from two programs: Aid to Families with Dependent Children and Supplementary Security Income.
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Executive Orders from the Governor of New Jersey
Please click here to follow a link to the executive orders from the Governor of New Jersey.
2020-03-26T17:57:04-04:00March 26th, 2020|Featured| |
LA County to Investigate Safe Maximum Indoor Temperature Thresholds to Assist Heat Vulnerable Tenants and Workers in High-Risk Workplaces
LOS ANGELES, CA – Today, the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors unanimously approved a motion authored by Supervisor Hilda L. Solis to investigate safe maximum indoor temperature thresholds to assist heat-vulnerable tenants and workers in high-risk workplaces.
The negative health impacts of climate change are already being felt in the County as heat-related emergency department visits have more than doubled between 2005 and 2017. The California Health and Safety Code establishes the State Housing Law to regulate new and existing housing. Specifically, Title 25 mandates that existing rental units be capable of maintaining a minimum indoor temperature of 70 degrees Fahrenheit during cold weather. There is no parallel requirement for air conditioning or other cooling mechanisms to keep residents safe from times of extreme heat, which is quickly becoming more frequent due to climate change.
“Climate change has exposed and deepened health, social, environmental, racial, and economic inequities in Los Angeles County,” said Supervisor Solis. “Marginalized populations, including people of color, people with disabilities, the unhoused, immigrants, and youth are disproportionately impacted by climate change and will continue to face significant health threats. To that end, immediate assistance is needed for residents who lack sufficient indoor cooling and other protections against extreme heat. This motion seeks to explore targeted interventions for the County to set its maximum temperature requirements to protect our most heat-vulnerable tenants and workers in high-risk workplaces.”
Los Angeles County’s Chief Sustainability Office (CSO) released a comprehensive Climate Vulnerability Assessment showing that, while 48.5% of the County’s population is Hispanic, this population comprises 66.9% of the people in communities that have a high vulnerability to extreme heat. The lack of tree canopy, lack of access to park space, lack of necessary cooling devices, and/or presence of high-asphalt infrastructure in these areas inhibit the ability of these neighborhoods to mitigate extreme heat. These impacts will continue to increase in severity, frequency, and duration without meaningful and sustained intervention.
“An estimated 2.2 million L.A. County residents will reside in areas with high social vulnerability to extreme heat by 2050. That staggering figure compels us to create new ways to protect residents, like examining a safe maximum indoor temperature threshold,” said Rita Kampalath, Acting Chief Sustainability Officer with Los Angeles County’s Chief Sustainability Office. “We need to move from thinking about extreme heat as an occasional discomfort and reframe it as a persistent threat.”
The motion directs the County’s Chief Executive Office – Legislative Affairs and Intergovernmental Relations Branch, in coordination with the Chief Sustainability Office, to send a 5-signature letter to Chief Jeffrey T. Killip of the California Division of Occupational Safety and Health (Cal/OSHA), with a copy to Senate Pro Tem Toni Atkins and Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon, in support of establishing statewide safe maximum indoor temperature threshold standards for residential units and workplace settings; and requiring covered employers to develop and implement a comprehensive workplace excessive heat prevention plan to protect covered employees from the excessive heat that may lead to heat-related injuries and illnesses.
The motion also directs the County’s Department of Public Health (DPH) to investigate safe maximum temperature thresholds for dwelling units and high-risk workplaces and coordinate with the Chief Sustainability Office to identify policy options for promoting cost- and energy-efficient indoor cooling and funding sources to assist low-income households and small business. Additionally, the motion requests that the Los Angeles County Development Authority (LACDA) assess the cooling amenities currently present in LACDA’s residential buildings and report back to the Board of Supervisors.
Read today’s full motion here. Read this Q&A to learn more about how the measure will affect residents and workers. The County’s recently completed Climate Vulnerability Assessment details which communities are most at risk from extreme heat.
KOrtega2022-11-02T11:13:09-07:00November 2nd, 2022|Community, In the news, Press Release| |
Supporting the California Plastic Waste Reduction Regulations Initiative (2022)
LOS ANGELES, CA – Today, the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors approved a motion authored by Chair Hilda L. Solis, Supervisor to the First District, and co-authored by Supervisor Sheila Kuehl on Supporting the California Plastic Waste Reduction Regulations Initiative (2022).
“Our communities are counting on us, now more than ever, to realize the goals of the OurCounty Sustainability Plan,” shared Chair Solis. “Historically, we know that low income neighborhoods and communities of color have suffered the most from pollution and environmental hazards. Representatives of these same communities made sure that the County’s plan is centered around equity and environmental justice. Now, it is our turn to deliver on the plan’s multifaceted approach. By eliminating single use plastics, we can make our communities’ vision a reality.”
“It is critically important to reduce the amounts of single-use plastic that ends up in our landfills, slowly degrading over hundreds of years,” said Supervisor Kuehl. “I am proud that the Supervisors chose to endorse this important November 2022 ballot measure. If passed next year, the California Plastic Waste Reduction Regulations initiative will bring us one step closer to responsible and sustainable stewardship of the planet.”
The California Plastic Waste Reduction Regulations Initiative is currently eligible for the ballot in California for the November 8, 2022 election. If passed by voters, it would reduce single-use plastic and create a “pollution reduction fee” that would be distributed to State agencies and local governments for recycling/composting programs and plastic pollution mitigation. This ballot measure would require the California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle) to adopt regulations to reduce plastic waste by: 1. Requiring single-use plastic packaging, containers, and utensils be reusable, recyclable, or compostable, and to reduce such waste by 25 percent, by 2030; 2. Prohibiting polystyrene container use by food vendors; and 3. Taxing producers of single-use plastic packaging, containers, or utensils by January 1, 2022, and allocate revenues for recycling and environmental programs, including local water supply protection.
The motion approved today directs the Board of Supervisors to take an official position to support the California Plastic Waste Reduction Regulations Initiative to further reduce plastic pollution and its impacts on the State’s ocean, coastal and freshwater environments, and further protect the communities of Los Angeles County by providing funding for local recycling and composting infrastructure, as well as environmental programs, that will create new jobs and promote economic recovery in the County.
To view the full motion, click here.
KOrtega2021-11-02T13:42:12-07:00November 2nd, 2021|Environment and Environmental Justice, In the news, Press Release| |
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Seeing the Light is Only the First Part
October 7, 2013 in Uncategorized | Tags: heavenly light, Jesus Christ Heavenly Father., light, living in the light | Leave a comment
” Then God said: Let there be light and there was light. And God saw the light, that it was good.” Genesis 1:3
“In Him was life, and the life was the light of men.” John 1:4
“Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good works and glorify your Father in Heaven” Matthew 5:16
Recently I had the blessing of again experiencing the natural wonders that Our Heavenly Father sees fit to provide to us every day. It is that time of year where it is easy to be out when the sun is rising (two things make this a great time of year, the temperature is not too cold and I don’t have drag myself out of bed at 0 dark thirty) and to see the glorious transformation of the new day.
It was on one of those walks when a particularly fascinating aspect of light and a greater illustration to life played out. It began with very little color. There was the just a hint of light, enough to illuminate that there were clouds in the sky but most everything was either dark, colorless, or white light. Then, as the sun rose (okay science types, as the earth rotated, altering the observer’s angle) the colors started to be revealed. The cloud bases started to take on a soft orange glow that grew more vibrant and red as time passed. The sky behind went from white to a stunning turquoise blue. Then within a few minutes time, the red changed to a spectacular golden explosion just as the sun was making its appearance. It seemed, if you listened closely, you could hear trumpets loudly proclaiming the magnificence of the coming day. Shafts of golden light were piercing the gaps between clouds and the sky seemed like some gold filled temple reaching from horizon to horizon. It was breathtaking. Yet, it was also brief. The sun moved (that is the earth rotated). The clouds soon lost their golden glow, some becoming white and others turning to a dirty, gray, pale shadow of their past glory.
Several things struck me at that point. First, a humbling recognition that nothing man made could ever come close to approaching the majesty and profound beauty I had just witnessed. I felt a tremendous need to give praise and thanks. Secondly, I paused and looked at the now grey clouds for a moment. There astonishingly quick transformation puzzled and troubled me. For the sun was still there, but the clouds no longer reflected its light in the triumphant manner they had just a moment ago. They were just dull gray clouds, traveling along on the wind.
Of course to ascribe triumph to the clouds is the height of anthropomorphic thought. After all, the clouds have no choice in the matter. We, on the other hand, have a choice and that choice is the basis for our very life itself.
Jesus Christ is the light of heaven. Jesus Christ came down from heaven to bring His light to us. We can choose to be in the dark. To be dark and live as if dark is the way to be. Better yet, we can see the Light. We can see Jesus Christ as the Light of heaven, sent by Our Heavenly Father as a path to light our way to Him. Though, I believe, there is still something more we are to do with the Light if we are in the Light. We are to shine the light. We, like the clouds, are to let the light penetrate us, change us from dark and pale to shining and glorious. We are to display the possibilities that the Light brings with it.
We do have to be careful. For the enemy hates that Light and will do all possible to block it. He will try to have us live in darkness. Failing that, if we recognize the light, he will try to convince us that the light has no impact for us. Finally and I think most dangerously, if we decide to accept the Light, Satan will try to convince us that it is completely our own light; self generated and self contained, we have no need to give thanks for what is totally ours to begin with.
We are not the Light. But we can, in fact we are invited to, live in the Light. The Light is God’s Love for us, freely given and more than sufficient to meet every need and fulfill our God given dreams. The sun sets, but the Son never does. Jesus Christ has promised to never take His Light from us. He only asks that we live in it. We are fallen and it is inevitable that the light will shine on some dark things. Jesus Christ tells us that is the plan. The dark can not hide from the Light and the sins it uncovers have already been paid for. Paid for by the flesh and blood sacrifice of Our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. The phrase “go to the light” is often used as a metaphor for the journey from this earthly life to the next. Yet we don’t have to wait until at our earthly life’s end to use that phrase. Going to the Light will always bring life, no matter at what age. Once in the Light, may we then become beacons in the dark for those lost and weary travelers, helping to guide them to their Heavenly Port.
Our Most Gracious and Heavenly Father, as the one whom you sent to make ready the path for Your Son Jesus Christ, John proclaimed, we also acknowledge, we are not the light. Yet we praise You that You are Light and that You saw fit to send Light to us in the form of Jesus Christ Your Son. Thank you Most Merciful Father for giving us the heart and the spirit to recognize the Light and to come into His presence. Help us Dear Father to live and take the light into ourselves, as well as also shine the light for others, declaring to them the blessings of the Light of Jesus Christ. That in living in the Light and shining the Light we would live a life of praise to Your Most Holy Name we pray. In the name of Jesus Christ we pray. Amen |
Is Barrow Bringing the Radical Bible Back into Parliament? On Cat Smith, MP
November 13, 2015 by Harnessing Chaos
In previous posts (e.g. here) I noticed that with the emergence of Jeremy Corbyn as Labour leader there has been a re-emergence of what we (/I) might call the Radical Bible, i.e. the Bible roughly (but unambiguously) equated with Socialism (see also this piece by Harriet Winn). This Bible has not really had a serious presence in Parliament since Tony Benn was active and, towards the end of his parliamentary career, it was, like Old Labour, on the wane. Corbyn’s allusions to the Good Samaritan in major speeches or interviews have been striking and the gist of his rhetoric could have come from Benn. But Corbyn is, of course, relatively isolated in Parliamentary Labour Party. Though not entirely…
One of the new 2015 intake of MPs, Cat Smith (Lancaster and Fleetwood), had previously worked for Corbyn. Smith is a Corbyn ally and currently Shadow Minister for Women and Equalities. She is more explicit than Corbyn in her use of the Radical Bible, or, perhaps better, the Radical Jesus and in many ways echoes the classic Nonconformist radicalism of Labour and other Socialist movements which is not as prominent as it once was. In one interview, she mentions her Methodist background, the Morgan Phillips claim that the Labour movement owes more to Methodism than Marxism, and that this Methodist background makes her sceptical of ‘hero worship’ and ‘creating false idols’. We might even speculate that this iconoclasm stretches to the House of Commons itself (‘I’m not that attached to the building, I’m not that bothered about the building’), though disillusionment towards the building is not restricted to the Left of the Labour Party. Most striking in terms of contemporary political rhetoric is that she openly claims that ‘Jesus was a radical socialist’, that she is ‘inspired by someone who was the Son of God, but he was also a socialist’ and, to highlight the point, refers to Jesus ‘turning over the tables in the temple, and healing the sick, and touching lepers’ and ‘a message of peace and eradicating poverty and disease’. Until very recently, this sort of language was far more likely to be found in Occupy than Parliament. Another common feature of this sort of tradition (though also of liberal understandings more generally) is seen in her ecumenicalism (‘we live in a multicultural society of many faiths and we all rub along and that’s exactly as it should be’) as is, more tellingly perhaps, the classic critique of ecclesiastical hierarchy (‘it bothers me that we have reserved places in the House of Lords for people of a Christian faith’).
While not wanting to make predictions, Smith’s interests have long involved issues of gender and sexuality, as does her new parliamentary role, so it will be worth watching to see if and how such issues get discussed in relation to the Bible and religion.
But undoubtedly the most important thing to note about Smith is that she is, of course, from Barrow-in-Furness.
Category: Bible and English Politics, Religion and Politics | Tags: Cat Smith, Jeremy Corbyn, Labour Party, Radical Bible, Tony Benn
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5 thoughts on “Is Barrow Bringing the Radical Bible Back into Parliament? On Cat Smith, MP”
Igor Shchetinina (Vladivostok Shipbuilders Union) says:
But is there a Cat Smith Colouring Book for adults? The workers of Vladivostok would also be interested in a Barrow-in-Furness Adult Colouring Book, of course with a suitable palette of industrial grays.
James Crossley says:
You draw it, I’ll be the first to colour it in
Noelinho (@Noelinho) says:
She’s also a graduate of the University of Sheffield and worked for a while for the Christian Socialist Movement (now Christians on the Left – less socialist and [politically] more imperialist!).
I knew about her involvement with Christians on the Left–or rather CSM–but I thought she was a Lancaster graduate. Did she do other studies at Sheffield too?
Hmm, perhaps I’m mistaken on that point then. In which case my memory isn’t as good as I thought it was! |
Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, 1926, Volume I
Disinclination of the United States to intervene to prevent paralyzing of Chinese customs service at Hankow by strike
[742] The Minister in China (MacMurray) to the Secretary of State
Peking, November 27, 1926—9 a.m.
[Received 2:04 p.m.]
893.51/4989: Telegram
[743] The Secretary of State to the Minister in China (MacMurray)
Washington, November 29, 1926—1 p.m.
Message of the president of the United States to Congress, December 7, 1926
General: (Documents 1-390)
Afghanistan: (Documents 391-392)
Argentina: (Documents 393-396)
Bolivia: (Documents 397-401)
Brazil: (Documents 402-410)
Canada: (Documents 411-422)
China: (Documents 423-858)
Disinclination of the United States to intervene to prevent paralyzing of Chinese customs service at Hankow by strike (Documents 742-743) |
Isabella, England’s Second Holy Roman Empress
Isabella of England, Holy Roman Empress
Nearly everyone knows that Henry I’s daughter Matilda, Lady of the English, was Holy Roman Empress as the wife of Holy Roman Emperor Henry V. What is less well-known is that, almost 70 years after Matilda’s death, her great-granddaughter followed in her footsteps.
Isabella of England was born in 1214; she was the 4th of 5 children born to King John and his 2nd wife Isabella of Angouleme. She had 3 older siblings, Henry, Richard and Joan, and a baby sister Eleanor. Born at a time when her father’s strife with his barons was at its height, her early childhood was turbulent, to say the least. John died just 2 years later, in October 1216, leaving 9-year-old Henry as king of a country in the midst of civil war while fighting off an occupying French army.
Even before her father’s death, Isabella’s older sister Joan (born in 1210) had left England, to be raised by the family of her intended husband, Hugh de Lusignan. However, by 1220, amidst great scandal, Hugh had repudiated Joan and married her mother in her stead, whilst still holding Joan as hostage in order to gain Queen Isabella’s dower.
Whilst Joan was still in the hands of the Lusignans, her marriage to Alexander II of Scotland was negotiated, with an added clause that Isabella could be substituted for her older sister, should Joan not make it back to England in time. In the event Joan returned in time and Henry III looked elsewhere for a husband for Isabella.
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Becoming part of his policy of continental diplomacy, Henry looked at several possible husbands, such as Henry VII, king of the Romans and Louis IX of France. After some prompting by Pope Gregory IX, Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II (father of Henry VII) sent an embassy to England to pursue his own suit for the English princess to become his 3rd wife.
Within 3 days of the Sicilian embassy’s arrival Henry was agreeable to the match, which complimented his keen interest in the Holy Roman Empire. He had Isabella brought from the Tower of London to Westminster to be interviewed by the ambassadors. They were so impressed with her that they hailed Isabella “Vivat imperatrix! Vivat!”
The marriage contract was signed on 22nd February 1235, with Henry giving Isabella a dowry of 30,000 marks. Although Isabella already had her own fine chapel silver, Henry gave her a magnificent trousseau, which included a service of gold and silver plate. The English people were irritated by Henry’s demand for a substantial marriage aid, but Henry saw the marriage as adding to his personal prestige, and a possible alliance against Louis IX of France.
On 11th May 1235 Isabella set sail from Sandwich, escorted by the bishop of Exeter, the archbishop of Cologne and the duke of Brabant; she arrived at Antwerp 4 days later. With a substantial escort, to guard against kidnap threats from Frederick II’s enemies, Isabella arrived in Cologne on 24th May. She made a processional entry into the city, to the cheers of a 10,00 strong crowd, endearing herself to the noble ladies by throwing her veil back.
The marriage of Frederick II and Isabella of England
She was to spend 6 weeks in Cologne waiting for Frederick, who was dealing with a rebellion by his oldest son, Henry VII.
By July 1235, however, they were together in Worms where, on Sunday the 15th, they were married in the cathedral by the archbishop of Mainz. Isabella was crowned Holy Roman Empress at the same time. Four days of wedding festivities followed, with guests including – according to Matthew Paris – 4 kings, 11 dukes and 30 counts and marquesses.
Frederick, it seems, put great store by astrology; in 1228 Michael Scot had completed his encyclopedia of astrology while at Frederick’s court. And it was on the advice of the emperor’s court astrologers that the marriage was not consummated until the 2nd night.
Isabella was the emperor’s third wife; his first, Constance of Aragon, had died of malaria in 1222 and his second wife, Queen Isabella-Yolanda of Jerusalem had died in childbirth in 1228. Frederick was 20 years Isabella’s senior and expended all his energy on war, travelling and ceremonials in order to maintain his authority throughout his vast empire.
Frederick was delighted with his bride; she was beautiful and popular. He sent 3 leopards to Henry III in England as a sign of his appreciation. However, following the celebrations he also dismissed the majority of Isabella’s English attendants; she was allowed to retain only her nurse, Margaret Biset – who and been with her since her early childhood – and a maid, called Kathrein.
St Peter’s Cathedrals, Worms, where Isabella was married and crowned Holy Roman Empress
Isabella travelled with Frederick’s slaves to his palace at Hagenau, where Frederick spent the winter with his new empress. Their first child was probably born around 1237/8, although there does seem to be some confusion over how many children there were, and when they were born. What is certain is 2 children survived childhood; Henry, King of Jerusalem, died unmarried in his teens in 1254 and Margaret married Albert I, Margrave of Meissen and Langrave of Thuringia and Misnes, in 1256.
Isabella travelled extensively through her husband’s lands, residing in Apulia, Lombardy, Noventa between 1238 and 1239. Frederick was always close by, despite his battles with the papacy, and arrived in southern Italy shortly after his wife’s arrival in February 1240.
Isabella was expected to live in some magnificence, but Henry III was irritated that she was only rarely allowed to appear in public. There were rumours that Frederick kept his wives in a harem, although these were probably unfounded and arose from the seclusion that firstly Isabella-Yolanda and then Isabella lived in.
When Richard Earl of Cornwall visited the Emperor in 1241, he didn’t immediately see his sister, although this was probably down to court protocol, as the Empress was pregnant at the time. When they did meet the brother and sister were treated to a lavish court entertainment, being delighted by a magnificent display of jugglers and Muslim dancers.
Andria cathedral, Isabella’s final resting-place
Following Richard’s visit, Frederick II returned to war. He was besieging Faenza in northern Italy when his wife died in childbirth on 1st December 1241; the baby died with her. Before his departure on campaign, Isabella had urged Frederick to stay on good terms with her brother Henry III, who was leaning more and more towards the papacy.
She was buried at Andria, Sicily, alongside the emperor’s 2nd wife, Isabella-Yolanda. Isabella had been married for just over 6 years and was only 27 years of age.
Through her daughter Margaret, Isabella is the ancestor of Queen Victoria’s beloved husband, Prince Albert.
Sources: The Oxford Companion to British History Edited by John Cannon; The Plantagenets, the Kings who Made England by Dan Jones; History Today Companion to British History Edited by Juliet Gardiner and Neil Wenborn; Brewer’s British Royalty by David Williamson; Britain’s Royal Families, the Complete Genealogy by Alison Weir; The Plantagenet Chronicles Edited by Elizabeth Hallam; The Mammoth Book of British Kings and Queens by Mike Ashley; The Plantagenets, the Kings that made Britain by Derek Wilson; England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings by Robert Bartlett; http://www.britannica.com; oxforddnb.com.
Isabella’s story features in greater detail in my book, Ladies of Magna Carta: Women of Influence in Thirteenth Century England .
©Sharon Bennett Connolly 2016
English history, Magna Carta, Medieval History, Medieval Women, Plantagenets, Thirteenth Century, Warennes, Women's HistoryCologne, Defenders of the Norman Crown, Defenders of the Norman Crown: Rise and Fall of the Warenne Earls of Surrey, Eleanor de Montfort, Frederick II, Germany, Henry III, Heroines of the Medieval World, History Heroines, Holy Roman Empire, Isabella of England, Isabelle of Angouleme, Italy, King John, Ladies of Magna Carta, Magna Carta, Richard of Cornwall, Sharon Bennett Connolly, Silk and the Sword, Worms |
Book Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package Today
If you’re looking for a great holiday destination that’s not too far from Kolkata, then the picturesque towns of Dalhousie and Dharamshala in Himachal Pradesh are well worth considering. With their stunning natural scenery, rich cultural heritage, and range of exciting activities and experiences, these two destinations are sure to provide a truly unforgettable holiday experience.
To help you plan your trip, we’ve put together a guide to the best things to see and do in Dalhousie and Dharamshala, as well as some useful information about getting there from Kolkata.
The easiest way to get to Dalhousie and Dharamshala from Kolkata is by taking a flight to nearby cities like Delhi, Chandigarh or Amritsar, and then taking a taxi or bus to your final destination. Alternatively, you can take a train from Kolkata to Pathankot, which is the nearest major railway station to both Dalhousie and Dharamshala, and then take a taxi or bus from there.
Things to See and Do in Dalhousie
Things to See and Do in Dharamshala
FAQs About Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package From Kolkata
Q What is a Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package?
Q What are the popular tourist attractions included in the Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package?
Q How long does the Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package usually last?
Q What is the best time to take a Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package?
Q How much does the Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package cost?
Q Is it safe to take a Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package?
Q What are some of the inclusions of the Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package?
1. Khajjiar
Often referred to as the “mini Switzerland of India,” Khajjiar is a beautiful hill station located just a short distance from Dalhousie. With its lush green meadows, dense forests, and stunning views of the surrounding mountains, it’s the perfect place to relax and soak up the natural beauty of the area.
2. Dainkund Peak
One of the highest peaks in the region, Dainkund Peak offers breathtaking views of the entire valley. Visitors can take a short trek to the top of the peak to enjoy the panoramic views and see the famous temple dedicated to Goddess Kali.
3. Panchpula
This beautiful waterfall is located just a few kilometers from Dalhousie and is a popular spot for picnics and day trips. Surrounded by lush green forests and stunning mountain views, it’s the perfect place to unwind and relax in nature.
1. McLeod Ganj
This charming town, also known as “Little Lhasa,” is the residence of the Dalai Lama and is famous for its Tibetan culture and heritage. Visitors can explore the colorful streets, visit the famous Tsuglagkhang Complex, or learn more about Tibetan history and culture at the Tibetan Museum.
2. Bhagsu Waterfall
A short trek from McLeod Ganj, this beautiful waterfall is a popular spot for tourists and locals alike. Visitors can enjoy the stunning views of the waterfall and the surrounding mountains, take a dip in the refreshing waters, or enjoy a picnic on the nearby grassy banks.
3. Kangra Fort
One of the oldest and most impressive forts in India, Kangra Fort is a must-see attraction for history buffs and architecture enthusiasts. The fort dates back to the 4th century BCE and has been the site of many important battles throughout history.
With their stunning natural scenery, rich cultural heritage, and range of exciting activities and experiences, Dalhousie and Dharamshala are the perfect holiday destinations for anyone looking to explore the beauty of the Himalayas. So why not start planning your trip today and discover all that these wonderful towns have to offer?
Q: What is a Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package?
A: A Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package is a pre-planned travel itinerary that includes transportation, accommodation, sightseeing, and other inclusions for exploring the scenic beauty and cultural attractions of the hill stations of Dalhousie and Dharamshala.
Q: What are the popular tourist attractions included in the Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package?
A: Some of the popular tourist attractions included in the Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package are Khajjiar, Chamera Lake, Dalhousie, McLeodganj, Dharamshala Cricket Stadium, Dal Lake, Bhagsunath Temple, and many more.
Q: How long does the Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package usually last?
A: The duration of the Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package can vary depending on the package chosen. It can range from 5 days to 10 days or more, depending on your budget, preferences, and time availability.
Q: What is the best time to take a Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package?
A: The best time to take a Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package is from March to June and September to December when the weather is pleasant and the hill stations are in full bloom. However, if you are interested in winter sports like skiing, you can plan your trip during the winter months from December to February.
Q: How much does the Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package cost?
A: The cost of the Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package can vary depending on the package chosen, duration of the trip, and inclusions. Generally, a 5-day tour package can cost around INR 15,000 per person, while a 5-day tour package can cost upwards of INR 30,000 per person. It is advisable to compare prices and inclusions from multiple tour operators before booking your package.
Q: Is it safe to take a Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package?
A: Tour operators usually ensure the safety and security of their clients by providing experienced guides and taking necessary precautions. However, it is important to remain cautious and alert during your trip. It is advisable to check the current situation and travel advisory before planning your trip.
Q: What are some of the inclusions of the Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package?
A: Some of the inclusions of the Kolkata to Dalhousie and Dharamshala Tour Package are transportation, accommodation, sightseeing, meals, and activities like trekking and camping. The package may also include travel insurance and other services depending on the tour operator. |
“A Most Unusual, Attractive and Salable Merchandise”: A Pamphlet and Letters from The Yamatoya Company, Inc., Los Angeles, 24 June 1925
It can very challenging to find historical references and material relating to people of color in greater Los Angeles during the Museum’s interpretive period of 1830 to 1930 and so to be able to share the featured artifacts from the Homestead’s collection for this post is a rare event, indeed. They also are reflective of one man’s efforts to employ his entrepreneurship under the most difficult of circumstances amid rampant racism and determined discrimination.
These objects consist of a pamphlet and a pair of business letters dating to 24 June 1925 from The Yamatoya Company, Incorporated, a wholesale import and export company in the Little Tokyo area of Los Angeles. The business operated for under a decade, from about 1917 to 1925, and its proprietor, Nobuhei Kurita (1885-1950). whose mercantile career in the Angel City spanned about three decades, but was abruptly and starkly ended by the federal government’s decision to place Japanese residents in concentration camps during World War II.
Los Angeles Express, 25 January 1910.
Kurita was born in Godo, a town near Nagoya, just a little more than three decades after Japan was forced to open to foreigners when Commodore Matthew Perry and a squadron of two steamships and a pair of sailing vessels sailed into the harbor at Edo, later Tokyo, in 1853 and demanded protection for United States ships and refueling and supplies. While there was internal dissension among the Japanese about how to react, many knew what had been and was happening to China and, with the Meiji restoration of 1868, the conservative shogunate was dismantled and an astonishing “Westernization” ensued.
Kurita was 19 years old when he left Japan for the United States (a brother Eijuro, also came to Los Angeles) and, in 1904, the Japanese were on the verge of a staggering victory over Russia in a war that quickly alerted Western nations to the rising power in the so-called Far East. When the young man got to Los Angeles (it is unsure if there was a chain migration, in which he learned of opportunities from those from his area who emigrated prior to him), though, anti-Japanese sentiment was stoked both by the outcome of the Russo-Japanese War and the increasing Japanese immigration to California.
Kurita enumerated in the 1910 federal census with the owner and employees of the Nara Curio Company just before it closed down.
In 1907, a “Gentlemen’s Agreement” was established between the United States and Japan and this informal arrangement included a halt to Japanese migration in return for guarantees that Japanese Americans would not be subject to discrimination as in San Francisco, which denied Japanese American children access to public schools. Naturally, racism and restrictions continued including the Alien Land Law of 1913, passed by the California legislature and which forbade any Japanese national from owning real property. The law was revised in 1920 and 1923, just as all-out immigration reform was culminating in 1924’s federal law establishing a quota system.
By 1910, Kurita was working as a director in the “art store” of the Nara Curio Company, located on Broadway between 3rd and 4th streets and this leads to one of more notable contradictions about American attitudes towards Asians. While discrimination was on the rise and racism prevalent throughout most of white society, there was also a fascination among many Americans concerning Japanese and Chinese art, decorative goods and other products, while the Craftsman movement was influenced by aesthetic and construction ideas from Asia. By the 1920s, there was a nationwide fad with the Chinese game of Mah Jongg, and a few Asian actors, such as Anna May Wong and Sessue Hayakawa, were achieving a level of stardom in film that was at odds with how most Asians were viewed and treated.
Express, 15 April 1915.
In 1910, the Nara Curio Company succumbed to the demands of creditors, perhaps partly or largely because of the effects of the national depression that struck three years earlier, and the business was shuttered. Very shortly afterward, though, Kurita found employment with another Japanese store, Yamato (the ancient name for the Land of the Rising Sun), and, while that enterprise also closed in 1915, a “New Yamato” soon took its place at the same location on Broadway between 6th and 7th streets.
By the time that Kurita registered for the draft in World War One, during the second massive registration drive on 12 September 1918, he was the proprietor of The Yamatoya Company, Incorporated, which set up its export, import and jobber (wholesaler) business at 325-327 East Second Street in Little Tokyo where the Japanese Village Plaza is situated today. Unfortunately, while listings for the business would appear in the Los Angeles Times business directory, there were no located articles to speak of until the business appears to have closed later in 1925.
The front side of Kurita’s World War I registration form from 12 September 1918, showing him as the owner of The Yamatoya Company.
The firm did make a contribution in 1923 to an advertising campaign by the All-Year Club of Southern California, which was a promotional entity for the region and the same year the company leased a store and basement on Spring Street between 6th and 7th. Otherwise, it is hard to find any information about the business.
This is why the pamphlet and letters are so great to have in the Museum’s holdings. The missives, under Kurita’s signature, are addressed to E.H. Klahr, a jeweler in Middletown, a town on the Susquehanna River ten miles from the Pennsylvania state capital of Harrisburg. One was specific to an order made to a Mr. Legler, obviously an agent, for an assortment of artificial flowers, with Kurita adding that “we would especially appreciating your placing this merchandise on display, if possible, making window and counter displays.”
The Yamatoya Company listing in the fifth column from the left, Los Angeles Times, 30 March 1919.
This was because “this is really the class of merchandise that sells on sight” and will generate holiday orders. Given this, Kurita continued,
We take this opportunity of calling your attention to the splendid lines of merchandise that we are importing for the fall and [Christmas] holiday season. We shall have a most unusual, attractive and salable, merchandise, and we trust you will bear us in mind for your requirements.
As to the second missive, it noted that Legler informed Kurita “that he has arranged with you for the exclusive sale in Middletown for the 1925 season of the merchandise as shipped.” The Yamatoya owner expressed his happiness over the news “with the understanding that you will give our merchandise good displays and co-operate with us in getting the maximum business out of the territory.” Given that “our interests in this matter are mutual,” Kurita closed, “we assure you that we shall be glad to do everything possible in assisting you in making a success of the sale.” Obviously, this pieces of correspondence are written in the same style and tenor as any other “American” business letter and clearly shows Kurita was well-positioned as a merchant and business figure like any other, white or Asian.
Times, 8 December 1925.
The pamphlet, of course, is especially interesting and informative because it shows what was likely a fairly typical selection of goods from an importer of Japanese made goods from such factories, as, like those noted on the letterhead from Tokyo, Nagoya, Osaka and Tajimi, the latter a city near Kurita’s hometown and close to Nagoya which is renowned for its ceramics. Because the document was sent to merchants, rather than the public, it had a plain presentation with the front panel, merely noting that “a few of our unusual, attractive and moderately priced lines are listed herewith” and then showing a range of products that were a combination of Japanese in use along with others adapted and modified for Americans.
For example, there were incense and burners, tea sets, parasols, screens, carved wooden stands, lamp shades, and “China novelties” that were more in the former category, while the rest were more representative of the later, including condiment sets, cups and saucers, vases, cigarette cases and bamboo fountain pens. For some items, there were illustrations comprised of drawings, while in other cases there were photos.
Each item had a stock number, a simple description and a price, with the most expensive article being a tea set that was “Gold Deposit with Japanese scenery decoration in burnished gold” and which fetched $25, though the examples shown photographically ranged from about $6-8. On the other end of the spectrum, a small dark red pottery figure with a round shape with touches of green cost just a quarter, while a box of 12 pieces of incense in a variety of odors was 35 cents, as was a figure of a Japanese boy in a boat and 4-inch tall vases in blue or “Chinese Red” were also 35 cents.
Given the small population of Japanese and, since the 1882 Exclusion Act, the declining number of Chinese in Los Angeles and elsewhere, it would seem that the market for these items comprised white Americans, such as those who might have ventured into Klahr’s jewelry store in Middletown, Pennsylvania, a world away from Los Angeles much less Japan and picked up something of the exotic for their home.
Yet, it appears that within a very short time of these letters being sent, Kurita closed The Yamatoya Company, as the Times reported in its 8 December 1925 edition that the city prosecutor’s office acting on a campaign launched by the Better Business Bureau, cracked down “against itinerant venders” who, BBB local head Ferris Miller alleged, “have set up merely for the holiday season” but who evaded a recently enacted ordinance charging such figures $100 a day for a “special itinerant’s license.”
The regulation was created because, the article continued, “many complaints had been received by the city that goods were sold in such stores by fraudulent representations, deliveries promised that were not given and difficulties met in getting money back.” Among those picked up for violation of the ordinance was Kurita, whose address was given as 441 S. Spring Street, so, whether he had a preexisting store which sold items from his wholesale business or whether he was trying to sell inventory from Yamatoya after it was shuttered is not known. it is notable that one of the letters referred to merchandise imported for the holiday.
Whatever the situation, by the end of the Twenties, Kurita was operating, with his wife Fumi (the two married in 1920 with she coming to Los Angeles from Japan and had two sons, Nobuo and Yoshio) a grocery store at Western Avenue and Jefferson Boulevard, not far west of the University of Southern California. The family rented a modest bungalow just around the corner from the store.
By the mid-1930s, the Kuritas were living at the corner of Vermont Avenue and Exposition Boulevard adjacent to USC and Exposition Park and then relocated to a house near Western and Exposition, though Nobuhei was working at anther Asian-themed curio shop, this one called The Orient and located on Hollywood Boulevard west of Cahuenga Avenue. He worked at the shop when he registered, at age 57, for the draft in spring 1942, though very shortly afterward came the forced “relocation.”
In the registration conducted at the Santa Anita Racetrack in Arcadia, where the Japanese were subjected to inhumane conditions, including living in former horse stalls, a registration form noted that Kurita was an immigrant of 1904; had attended 10 years of school in Japan equivalent to a high school education here; spent between 15-20 years in his homeland; returned once, perhaps to marry Fumi; and had worked as a “retail manager.” His American-born sons, both graduates of Manual Arts High School were students at the University of California, Los Angeles, when they were forced to leave for a concentration camp, though the younger, Yoshio, returned after the war and earned his accounting degree at UCLA in 1952.
By then, his father had died at age 65 two years prior, while Fumi lived until 1972, passing away in her mid-Seventies. The couple were buried in Rosedale Cemetery. The pamphlet and letters in the Homestead’s collection are indicative of many aspects of the lives of an entrepreneurial Japanese immigrant who spent most of his life in Los Angeles in the retail trade and, at least for several years, owned his own business, always a speculative and risky endeavor, but even more so for a person of color living in a world of caustic racism and omnipresent discrimination. They’re only a few pieces of two-dimensional paper, but they have a three-dimensional personal story to them and perhaps more to the tale can be added in the future.
Posted in Biographies, Commerce & Manufacturing, Places & Communities, Race, Ethnicity, & Marginalized GroupsTagged 1910s Los Angeles history, 1920s Los Angeles history, All-Year Club of Southern California, E.H. Klahr jeweler Middletown Pennsylvania, Ferris Miller Los Angeles Better Business Bureau 1920s history, Japanese Americans Los Angeles early 20th century, Japanese in Los Angeles early 1900s, Japanese products catalog Los Angeles 1920s history, Japanese stores Los Angeles early 1900s, Kurita family Los Angeles history, Little Tokyo Los Angeles history, Los Angeles Better Business Bureau 1920s history, Los Angeles Express history 1910, Los Angeles Express history 1915, Los Angeles Times history 1919, Los Angeles Times history 1925, Nara Curio Company Los Angeles history, New Yamato store Los Angeles 1910s history, Nobuhei Kurita Los Angeles history, Paul R. Spitzzeri, Santa Anita Racetrack Japanese relocation history 1942, The Orient store Hollywood Los Angeles 1930s 1940s, The Yamatoya Company Los Angeles 1910s 1920s, Yamato store Los Angeles history
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Decorative Crafts: How to Add a Personal Touch to Your Home
Making decorative crafts is a great way to add a personal touch to your home. You can use your imagination to come up with all sorts of ideas, and it’s a fun way to spend a weekend afternoon. There are lots of different techniques and materials you can use, so you can create something truly unique.
What are decorative crafts?
There are many different types of decorative crafts that people can do. Some popular crafts include painting, drawing, and sculpting. There are also many different types of materials that can be used for crafts, such as canvas, paper, wood, and metal. People can also use different tools to create their crafts, such as brushes, pencils, and knives.
Decorative crafts can be used to create beautiful pieces of art that can be displayed in people’s homes. They can also be used to create souvenirs ornaments and other types of memorabilia. People who enjoy crafting often find great satisfaction in creating something beautiful and unique.
What are some popular decorative craft techniques?
Decorative craft techniques can be used to enhance your crafting projects. Some of the most popular techniques include decoupage, embroidery, felting, quilting, and scrapbooking. Each of these techniques has its own unique set of skills and tools that you will need to learn to use effectively.
How can decorative crafts add personality to your home?
There are many different decorative crafts that you can use to add personality to your home. One popular option is to use paintings or photographs to add color and interest to your walls. You can also use decorative tiles, wallpaper, or rugs to add personality to your floors. If you want to add personality to your furniture, you can use decorative cushions, throws, or pillows. You can also paint or stain your furniture to give it a new look. Finally, you can use decorative objects to add interest to your home décor. For example, you can add vases, candles, or plants to your home. By using decorative crafts, you can create a home that reflects your style.
What are some tips for starting your own decorative crafts project?
If you are looking for a fun and creative way to spend your free time, decorative crafts projects may be just what you are looking for. There are many different project ideas to choose from, so you are sure to find one that fits your interests and skill level. Here are some tips to help you get started:
Choose a project that is within your skill level. Trying something new can be a fun challenge, but it is important to start with a project that you feel comfortable with. This will help ensure that the finished product looks good and that you enjoy the process.
Choose a project that you are interested in. If you are excited about the project, you are more likely to stick with it. Choose something that you will enjoy working on, even if it takes a little longer.
Gather your supplies before you start. This will help ensure that you have everything you need and that you do not have to stop in the middle of the project to run to the store.
Read the instructions thoroughly before you start. This will help you understand the project and avoid any surprises along the way.
Take your time. Crafting is supposed to be fun, so do not rush through the project. Enjoy the process and be proud of the finished product.
What are some popular decorative craft materials?
There are many different types of materials that can be used for decorative crafts. Some of the most popular include:
-Fabrics: There are a variety of fabrics that can be used for crafts, including cotton, silk, velvet, and more.
-Papers: There are a variety of types of paper that can be used for crafts, including origami paper, scrapbooking paper, and more.
-Paints: There are a variety of types of paints that can be used for crafts, including acrylic, watercolor, and more.
-Wood: There are a variety of types of wood that can be used for crafts, including oak, pine, and more.
Which type of material you choose for your decorative craft project will depend on your personal preference and the look you are trying to achieve. |
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Our Intensive Care Unit (ICU) provides specialized care to critically ill patients who require enhanced monitoring. This modern, restricted unit includes 12 medical and surgical beds. Some of the treatments administered in the ICU include therapeutic hypothermia and hemofiltration.
Our team consists of administrative staff, orderlies, highly qualified nurses with specialized training and specialists. Its services are based on best practices and a multidisciplinary approach.
The ICU enlists the contributions of a wide range of health professionals, including physiotherapists, occupational therapists, respiratory therapists, social workers, dieticians and pharmacists. We also call on spiritual support services, volunteers and ethics resources.
The ICU also plays an important role in the hospital’s teaching mission. It hosts health sciences students and residents, and also participates in research projects.
Collaboration, idea-sharing and team work are the building blocks of our philosophy. Patient needs and safety are central to our daily concerns. Together, we form a dynamic team involved in an extremely rewarding and fascinating practice!
Patients admitted to intensive care often experience moments of extreme stress. The comfort of family and friends is important.
Patients must rest in order to recover. If their condition changes, the best time to visit might also change. The nurse will help you determine an appropriate visiting time.
To ensure that the nurses can devote all of their time to patients, we ask that only one member of your family call us for updates about your loved one.
On your first visit you will receive a brochure containing information about our operating procedures to serve as a guide during your time with us.
Level 1, wing B |
Messages: Tim Downs
passage 1 John 2:6 1 Samuel 1:1-2:11 1 Thessalonians 5:12-28 1 Timothy 1 1 Timothy 2 1 Timothy 3 1 Timothy 6 2 Kings 6:8-17 Acts 1:6-11 Acts 15:19 Acts 16 Acts 2:14-41 Acts 2:42-47 Acts 20:35 Acts 8 Deuteronomy 6:1-9 Ecclesiastes 5:1-7 Ephesians 5:25-33 Hebrews 12:1-2 Hebrews 2:14-18 Isaiah 43:19 James 4:1-11 John 12:3-6 John 15:1-8 John 15:15-20 John 17 John 17:12-15 John 4 John 6:63-70 John 7:37-39 Luke 1:26-56 Luke 1:5-25 Luke 1:64-79 Luke 11:1-2 Luke 19:10 Luke 2:1-7 Luke 2:8-20 Luke 9:18-27 Luke 9:37-50 Luke 9:51-62 Luke 9:7-17 Mark 4:1-9 Matthew 15:1-14 Matthew 18:16-20 Matthew 25:14-30 Matthew 26:14-25 Matthew 26:30-35 Matthew 6:19-21 Philemon 1:1-16 Philemon 1:17-25 Philippians 2:7 Philippians 4:10-20 Proverbs 1:7 Psalm 107:21-22 Psalm 127:3-5 Psalm 128 Psalm 139:1-18 Romans 12:1-2 Romans 6:23 Romans 8:1-11
STEADFAST ROOTS | Ivory Coast, West Africa | Missionary Tim Downs | Sunday January 29th 2023 |
THOMAS WINTER
SVP and general manager, online gaming
Atlantic City’s Golden Nugget casino is easily the biggest iGaming operator in New Jersey right now and has seen unrivalled growth since launching (later than everyone else) at the tail end of 2013. Winter has been there every step of the way, having started the online gaming business from scratch. The former Betclic and Expekt CEO has established Golden Nugget as the biggest regulated online casino in the US. With sports betting also added to the operator’s product portfolio through a deal with SBTech, the Golden Nugget juggernaut shows no signs of slowing down, and for that Winter can take much of the credit. |
David Schwimmer Height Weight Age Net Worth
Photo: Philippe Berdalle / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 2.0
43 in | 109 cm
12 US | 45 EU
33 in | 83 cm
David Lawrence Schwimmer was born in Flushing, Queens, New York, United States, on November 2, 1966, is an American actor.
Young David Schwimmer first started performing in school theater productions.
He got his television debut in ABC comedy series Police Squad! (1982) in episode "A Substantial Gift (The Broken Promise)", in uncredited role as Patient.
He made his big screen debut in war thriller movie Flight of the Intruder (1991) in role as Duty Officer.
David's breakthrough performance came as Dr. Ross Geller in NBC sitcom Friends (1994–2004).
He landed his Broadway debut in a play "The Caine Mutiny Court-Martial" (2006), in role as Lieutenant Barney Greenwald.
He made his directorial debut with comedy film Run Fatboy Run (2007), for which he was nominated for the British Independent Film Douglas Hickox Award.
He got his Off-Broadway directorial debut with dark comedy "Fault Lines" (2008), at the Cherry Lane Theatre in New York.
David Schwimmer Height and Weight
How tall is David Schwimmer and what is his weight? David Schwimmer's height is 6' 1" іn fееt аnd іnсhеѕ or 185 іn cеntіmеtrеѕ, his weight is 196 іn pоunds or 89 іn kіlоgrаmѕ.
David Schwimmer Age
David Schwimmer is 56 years old.
David Schwimmer net worth is around 85 million dollars.
He voiced Melman in Madagascar film franchise:
Madagascar (2005)
Madagascar 3: Europe's Most Wanted (2012), for which he was nominated for the BTVA Feature Film Voice Acting Award for Best Vocal Ensemble in a Feature Film
He was nominated for the Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Supporting Actor – Comedy / Romance for his role as Frank Martin in adventure action comedy film Six Days Seven Nights (1998).
Big Nothing (2006) black comedy as Charlie
The Pallbearer (1996) romantic comedy as Tom Thompson
Kissing a Fool (1998) romantic comedy as Max Abbitt
Uprising (2001) drama as Yitzhak "Antek" Zuckerman
Breast Men (1997) dark comedy as Dr. Kevin Saunders
Picking Up the Pieces (2000) black comedy as Father Leo Jerome
Duane Hopwood (2005) comedy drama as Duane Hopwood
Hotel (2001) comedy thriller as Jonathan Danderfine
The Iceman (2012) biographical thriller as Josh Rosenthal
John Carter (2012) science fiction action as Young Thark Warrior
Nothing But the Truth (2008) thriller drama as Ray Armstrong
The Laundromat (2019) biographical comedy drama as Matthew Quirk
He was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series and the American Comedy Award for Funniest Supporting Male Performer in a TV Series for his performance as Dr. Ross Geller in NBC sitcom Friends (1994–2004).
He won the Golden Satellite Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Series, Miniseries or a Motion Picture Made for Television for his role as Captain Herbert Sobel in HBO war drama miniseries Band of Brothers (2001).
He was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Limited Series or Movie for his performance as lawyer Robert Kardashian in FX true crime anthology series The People v. O. J. Simpson: American Crime Story (2016).
He had a recurring role as Michael in ABC coming-of-age comedy drama series The Wonder Years (1991-1992).
He had recurring role as City Attorney Dana Romney in NBC legal drama series L.A. Law (1992-1993).
NYPD Blue (1993) ABC police procedural drama series as Josh '4B' Goldstein
Blossom (1993) NBC sitcom in role as Sonny Catalano
Monty (1994) Fox sitcom in role as Greg Richardson
Web Therapy (2012) Showtime comedy series as Newell L. Miller
Feed the Beast (2016) AMC crime drama series as Tommy Moran
He was nominated for the International Online Cinema Award for Best Guest Actor in a Comedy Series for his role as Noah Broader in NBC sitcom Will & Grace (2018-2019).
Intelligence (2020-2021) Sky One sitcom as Jerry Bernstein
He appeared in HBO Max special Friends: The Reunion (2021).
Graduated from Beverly Hills High School in 1984.
Graduated from the Northwestern University (1988), with a Bachelor of Arts degree in theater and speech.
Has older sister, Ellie.
Has Ashkenazi Jewish, Ukraine, Germany, Austria, Russia and Belarus ancestry.
He co-founded the Lookingglass Theatre Company in Chicago, Illinois (1988).
He directed 10 Friends episodes.
Good friend with John Krasinski.
He is allergic to cats.
He is director of the Rape Treatment Center in Santa Monica.
He dated Tina Barrett (2004), Gina Calavera (2004), Carla Alapont (2002-2003), Mili Avital (1998-2001) and Natalie Imbruglia (1996-1997).
He was married to Zoe Buckman (2010-2017), they have a daughter, Cleo Buckman Schwimmer. |
U.S. Housing Market Needs 3.8 Million More Homes
According to a new analysis of the housing market, Freddie Mac reports a 3.8 million home shortfall to the supply of U.S. homes. The main driver of the housing shortfall has been the long-term decline in the construction of new single-family homes. Freddie Mac will continue to closely monitor and report on impacts of this […] |
Peru from Space
Last updated: 30th October, 2019
Few humans are lucky enough to look down on Peru from space, but we earth-bound specks can at least appreciate the stunning images taken by orbiting satellites and astronauts. To view one of the following NASA images in all its glory, simply click on the photo — you will arrive at the Wikimedia Commons page, from where you can select Full Resolution (located beneath each image).
NASA Images of Peru from Space
Image by Koyos, made with NASA World Wind (Wikimedia Commons)
To the left is the South American continent as seen from space.
HOW TO PERU TRAVEL TIP: Save money and stay safe when going to/from Lima Airport by using the Official Bus service inside the Airport called Airport Express Lima
Notable landmarks include the Amazon River — stretching from west to east in the continent’s northern third — and the Amazon River Basin, defined by the large swathe of lush green in the northern half of the continent.
You can also make out the Andes, the world’s longest continental mountain range, running from Chile and Argentina in the south all the way through Peru and onto Colombia and Venezuela in the north.
Lake Titicaca is also fairly easy to see on the satellite image of South America (click to enlarge), providing a good marker for Peru’s southern extremities.
Zooming in, the image below shows Peru in all its glory. Lake Titicaca lies in the far southeast, split by the Peru-Bolivia border. Another obvious feature is the dry Pacific coastline, most of which is desert.
Peru from space. Screenshot from NASA World Wind, Blue Marble Next Generation with bathymetry layer.
Urban Development: Lima, Chimbote and Arequipa from Space
Lima from space (NASA, Wikimedia Commons)
Lima airport ((NASA, Wikimedia Commons)
The main image above shows the metropolitan area of Lima (population approx. 8.4 million). Head south from Lima Golf Club and you’ll reach the coast and the district of Miraflores — head further south along the seafront for Barranco. Central Lima is located in the top-left section of the image. The second image features Lima’s Jorge Chávez International Airport.
Chimbote (ISS EarthKam, NASA, Wikimedia Commons)
Above we have the city of Chimbote, the largest fishing port in Peru. With its two natural bays clearly defined from this angle, it’s easy to see how this coastal settlement developed into such an important harbor town.
El Misti and Arequipa from Space (NASA Expedition 21 crew, Wikimedia Commons)
If I could have one of these images framed and hung on my wall, this would be the one… “The White City Versus the Volcano.” Arequipa seems to be keeping a respectful distance from the 5,822-meter-high El Misti Volcano, but the distance from the city center to the peak is only 17 km (10.5 miles). El Misti last erupted in 1985.
More Volcanoes in Peru
Sabancaya and Ampato (NASA, Astronaut photograph ISS024-E-8396, Wikimedia Commons)
The active Sabancaya Volcano (5,967 meters) and the dormant Ampato Volcano (6,288 meters) lie about 100 kilometers (62 miles) northwest of Arequipa. Sabancaya — one of the most active volcanoes in Peru — last erupted in 2003. “Sabancaya” means “tongue of fire” in Quechua. Ampato was the final resting place of Juanita, the “Inca Ice Maiden,” whose frozen remains were discovered near the summit in 1995. She currently resides in the Museo Santuarios Andinos in Arequipa.
Nevado Coropuna (NASA, ISS Expedition 25 crew, Wikimedia Commons)
Nevado Coropuna is a huge, ice-encrusted volcanic complex about 150 km (90 miles) northwest of Arequipa. At a height of 6,425 meters, Nevado Coropuna is both the largest and highest volcano in the country, and one of the highest mountains in Peru. It was also one of the most sacred and venerated mountains within the Inca Empire. Archeologists are still investigating various Inca sites and trails located around, and upon, the slopes of the volcano.
Ubinas Volcano (Robert Simmon, NASA Earth Observatory, Wikimedia Commons)
According to the Smithsonian’s Global Volcanism Program, Ubinas (above and below) is Peru’s most active volcano. Ubinas, which is located in the Moquegua department of southern Peru, last erupted in 2009. The image below, taken by an astronaut from the International Space Station, shows the ash cloud from Ubinas following the eruption of 2006.
Ubinas Volcano Ash Cloud (unnamed NASA astronaut aboard ISS, Wikimedia Commons)
Peru from Space: Back to Titicaca
Lake Titicaca (Nasa World Wind, Wikimedia Commons)
Wrapping up this tour of Peru from space, we’ll head back to one of the most prominent natural landmarks in Peru (from above, at least).
At an altitude of 3,812 meters, Lake Titicaca is the highest navigable lake in the world (the definition of “navigable” is debatable, but we’re talking big boats rather than canoes). Titicaca is also the largest freshwater lake in South America, with a total surface area of 8,372 km². Water levels rise and fall on a regular basis, but shifts in the global climate have raised fears about the lake’s long-term health. In 2009, the Lake Titicaca Authority warned of critically low water levels, highlighting potential threats to both fish and plant life — and, in turn, to the wellbeing of the region as a whole.
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Favorable Opinion Obtained from Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals
Attorneys Bart Cannon, Phil Collins, and Alex Parish recently received a favorable opinion from the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals on behalf of Huie’s telecommunications client. In Smith v. Comcast Corporation, et al. (No. 18-13956), the plaintiff initially sued in Alabama Circuit Court seeking $5,000,000 in damages. The defendants removed the case to federal court based on diversity jurisdiction and filed Rule 12(b)(6) motions to dismiss. The plaintiff moved to remand the case back to state court by arguing, among other things, complete diversity was lacking based on the citizenship of certain fictitious defendants pleaded in the complaint. The plaintiff claimed the description of the fictitious defendants was such that the defendants knew their true identities but improperly concealed the information from him to remain in federal court. The U.S. District Court ultimately found it had jurisdiction over the case and denied the plaintiff’s Motion to Remand.
The District Court dismissed the plaintiff’s initial complaint without prejudice to allow him to attempt to cure certain pleading deficiencies. The plaintiff then filed an amended complaint which the defendants again immediately moved to dismiss. After extensive briefing on the issues, the District Court granted the defendants’ motions and dismissed all claims in the case with prejudice. The plaintiff appealed to the Eleventh Circuit.
On appeal, the plaintiff argued the District Court lacked subject matter jurisdiction to dismiss the claims because the removal was improper. Specifically, he argued: (1) the defendants knew or should have known that the fictitiously named defendants were citizens of Alabama and therefore there was not complete diversity; (2) discovery on the citizenship issue would reveal the parties’ true identities; and (3) the District Court erred in denying him leave to conduct the discovery. The appellate court rejected each of the plaintiff’s arguments and affirmed the district court. Central to its holding was the removal statute at issue, 28 U.S.C. § 1441 where it expressly states: “In determining whether a civil action is removable on the basis of [diversity jurisdiction], the citizenship of defendants sued under fictitious names shall be disregarded.” Because “diversity jurisdiction is determined . . . at the time of removal” the Court found that “the District Court rightly ‘disregarded’ the citizenship of the fictitiously named defendants when it assessed jurisdiction . . . .”
A copy of the court’s opinion can be found here. |
19 Breakfast Sandwiches That Will Change Your Lif
http://www.sooziq.com/8224/19-breakfast-sandwiches-that-will-change-your-life/
Claude Côté (iPhone) |
Yin-yang thinking – A solution to dealing with unknown unknowns?
By Christiane Prange and Alicia Hennig
1. Christiane Prange (biography)
2. Alicia Hennig (biography)
Sometimes, we wonder why decisions in Asia are being made at gargantuan speed. How do Asians deal with uncertainty arising from unknown unknowns? Can yin-yang thinking that is typical for several Asian cultures provide a useful answer?
Let’s look at differences between Asian and Western thinking first. Western people tend to prefer strategic planning with linear extrapolation of things past. The underlying mantra is risk management to buffer the organization and to protect it from harmful consequences for the business. But juxtaposing risk and uncertainty is critical. Under conditions of uncertainty, linearity is at stake and risk management limited.
In several Asian cultures, like China, dealing with high uncertainty and volatility is day-to-day business. The country overall scores comparatively low on the uncertainty avoidance index as illustrated by culture researcher Geert Hofstede (2001). For an outside observer, everything seems to be in constant change to the extent that initial plans and/or agreements become irrelevant.
Back in Zhou Dynasty (ca. 1046 – 256 BC) the Chinese already had a ‘solution’ to deal with uncertainty and unknown unknowns. The oracle book Zhou Yi 周易, the Changes of Zhou (with appendices later known as the ancient classic Yi Jing 易經, the Book of Changes) helped the Kings to identify actions leading to good fortune. It was also the first work applying the concept of yin-yang.
Yin-yang represent dual, alternating and interdependent categories or principles that are dynamically related. Yin-yang goes back to natural observations of yin 陰 shady side of the hill, darkness and yang 陽 sunny side of the hill, brightness, that together form an integrated whole. This concept, and the idea that change is the only constant, provides the basis for the Chinese cosmology, worldview and logic. Yin-yang is reflected in the Chinese way of thinking that is characterized by a non-linear worldview, where there is no pre-defined and final goal but patterns are changing, being ‘repeated’ in a circular fashion. This thinking can provide at least three important insights for a better understanding of unknown unknowns.
1. Co-existence and balance of opposing elements
Unlike Western thinking as a process of ‘either/or’ exclusion, yin-yang is ‘both/and’ thinking that suggests the idea of co-existence and balance of opposites. For example, modern approaches to organizations advocate the use of agile principles to better cope with complexity. While a major tenet of agility is speed and adaptability, the concept is incomplete and often unsuccessful if not balanced with slowness and stability.
2. Process-orientation
For Easterners, changes in a (planning) process are no contradiction as long term-opportunity is compatible with constant adaptation; there exists no ultimate a priori truth in a plan, as it needs to be aligned with situation, context, and time. In this sense, planning and implementation are constantly interacting until the goal is reached. For Westerners, this interactive refinement is difficult because they prefer strict project planning, formal scheduling and subsequent implementation.
3. Uncertainty as natural and uncontrollable
The last tenet is probably the most important when it comes to dealing with unknown unknowns. Westerners typically see ambiguity as rather negative. They like to have access to information as a basis of rational planning. When relevant information is missing, they revert to risk scenarios to cover up for the lack of control – a widely misleading exercise to capture what has not been or cannot be known.
In contrast, Eastern people embrace ambiguity as desirable and don’t need to substitute complexity by simplicity and uncertainty with certainty. By seeing uncertainty and certainty as transitory, alternating phases, they avoid the trap of believing that uncertainty can be rationally managed and eliminated. This leads to a more relaxed, realistic and creative approach to unknown unknowns.
Given the attractiveness of Eastern thinking in situations of uncertainty, can Westerners learn from Asians? Can yin-yang thinking be transferred to a different cultural context? In most cases, a direct transfer is difficult because concepts are tied to history and culture. They often touch deeply engrained values that are mostly hidden and subconscious.
Regardless of these barriers, a few ideas from yin-yang thinking could help Westerners when dealing with uncertainty and unknown unknowns:
Understand that uncertainty is not something negative but can be strategically exploited, as uncertainty and certainty are two sides of the same coin that are interdependent and alternating;
Play with both past patterns and newly emerging patterns to increase the potential scope of action;
Practice thinking from different, opposing directions to arrive at variable and flexible solutions under the condition of constant change.
Eastern philosophy may be worth considering when it comes to dealing with the complexities of today. Can we thereby better tackle the uncertainty that accompanies unknown unknowns? Although we cannot eliminate uncertainty, Eastern philosophy can teach us how to deal with it productively. The success of this endeavor, though, is likely to be matter of individuals adapting their thinking to the ‘circular’ logic of yin-yang.
Do you think yin-yang thinking is worth adopting? Have you seen examples in the Western world? What potential difficulties do you see in adopting this logic or way of thinking?
Granet, M. (1985). Das Chinesische Denken (trans: M. Porkert). Suhrkamp: Frankfurt, Germany
Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations. Sage: Thousand Oaks, California, United States of America
Li, P. P. (1998). Towards a geocentric framework of organizational form: A holistic, dynamic and paradoxical approach. Organization Studies, 19, 5: 829–861.
Wang, R. R. (2012). Yinyang: The Way of Heaven and Earth in Chinese Thought and Culture. Cambridge University Press: New York, United States of America
Biography: Christiane Prange PhD is a Professor of Strategic and International Management at Tongji University, Shanghai, China. She is also the Director of the AgileVentureLab, a global think tank and expert advisory group focused on strategizing and transformation of global companies facing shifting dynamics, and learning from Asia (especially China).
Biography: Alicia Hennig PhD is an Associate Professor of Business Ethics at Southeast University, Nanjing, China. She is an interdisciplinary cross-cultural researcher working on Chinese philosophy and its application in business and management.
This blog post is part of a series on unknown unknowns as part of a collaboration between the Australian National University and Defence Science and Technology.
For the seven other blog posts already published in this series, see: https://i2insights.org/tag/partner-defence-science-and-technology/
January 14, 2020: Detecting non-linear change ‘inside-the-system’ and ‘out-of-the-blue’ by Susan van ‘t Klooster and Marjolijn Haasnoot
January 28, 2020: How can resilience benefit from planning? by Pedro Ferreira
February 11, 2020: Why do we protect ourselves from unknown unknowns? by Bem Le Hunte
Categories Change, Concepts, Decision making, Unknowns Tags Ambiguity, Cross-cultural research, Dualism, Partner - Defence Science and Technology, Uncertainty, Unknown unknowns, Yin-yang Author tags Alicia Hennig, Christiane Prange
10 thoughts on “Yin-yang thinking – A solution to dealing with unknown unknowns?”
anacasnati
Halo Christiane, I loved the cultural view to understand difficult situations.
Hi Christiane and Alicia, I’d never thought about it until prompted by your post, but yin-yang thinking would be one of the reasons that I’ve been drawn to China (currently Wuxi), and the time that I’ve spent here has affirmed that way of thinking in my mind. Thank you for the opportunity for this insightful reflection.
Environmental conservation, which has been the focus of much of my career, aims for certainty. We draw lines on maps to delineate conservation areas, and we seek to regulate environmental impacts through fixed laws and guidelines that dictate what people can and can’t do and where they can and can’t do those things.
However, the natural environment isn’t static. It’s in a constant state of change due to considerable temporal and spatial variability in the elements of water (rainfall and runoff), fire (forest and grass fires), and wind, together with variability in the responses of the complex web of life (plants and animals) to the variability in the elements. Perpetual change is the only constant factor. Then, on top of that, there’s the added complexity of the human factor, where there’s a constant push-pull between the need to exploit the natural environment for the food, water, fibre, fuel and building materials on one hand, and the need to sufficiently protect the environment to ensure its long term survival on the other hand. In addition to water, fire, and wind, the element of earth (geology and landform) also contributes to what ecosystems occur where, and the overcoming interactions of the element of metal explain human exploitation of the environment. Together, these are the five elements of the Five Element Theory of Chinese philosophy.
Taking a linear planning and regulatory approach to this socio-ecological complexity can only really lead to failure. So it’s no surprise to me to see for example that “Once considered almost inalienable, protected areas today are facing an array of legal threats collectively known as PADDD – Protected Area Downgrading, Downsizing, and Degazettement.” (http://alert-conservation.org/issues-research-highlights/2018/5/13/the-global-battle-over-protected-areas)
In contrast, I’ve tried to take approaches in my own work that accept and respond to the constant uncertainty brought about by the interplay of the push-pull of both environmental and social factors, as have a number of my colleagues. For example, the Sustainable Management of the Helidon Hills Project reflects the ideas you put forward in regard to how yin-yang thinking could help Westerners when dealing with uncertainty and unknown unknowns (https://bruceboyes.info/1999/12/sustainable-management-of-the-helidon-hills/). However, so many environmental management processes worldwide still take linear approaches that try to make uncertain situations certain, an impossible goal, rather than accepting and working with uncertainty.
Moving forward in time to my current knowledge management work, yin-yang thinking explains the situational awareness knowledge challenge faced by the pilots of every aircraft flight, as I discuss in the article “Getting to the heart of the problems with Boeing, Takata, and Toyota (part 1): The situational awareness knowledge challenge” (https://realkm.com/2019/07/01/getting-to-the-heart-of-the-problems-with-boeing-takata-and-toyota-part-1-the-situational-awareness-knowledge-challenge/). Boeing took a linear, certainty-seeking approach to trying to address the constant uncertainty of situational awareness, when it should be engaging the pilots who deal with that uncertainty every moment of every flight in an ongoing process of identifying the ever-changing factors. It is this that I will be proposing in the final part of the series, based on Xiaomi’s open innovation approach (https://realkm.com/2019/06/21/active-knowledge-exchange-with-users-and-partners-in-open-innovation-the-case-study-of-xiaomi/). I’ve delayed that final part as it looks like I may have the opportunity to put this proposal into practice with a highly innovative Chinese automotive manufacturer.
Yin-yang thinking has also made me realise that the knowledge management discipline itself has taken a linear and certainty-seeking approach based on a one-sided utopian view of how people use knowledge. Knowledge management practices are grounded in the assumption that people in organisations always seek to use knowledge positively and productively. However, as Steven Alter alerts[1], this isn’t the case – there are also a range of “dark side” knowledge management tactics that people in organisations use. Efforts to manage knowledge in an organisation in a positive way are in a constant state of ever-changing push-pull with dark side KM tactics, but there’s been almost no acknowledgement of this. I’ve started to encourage a change in thinking through some articles over the past year (for example https://realkm.com/2019/05/29/the-use-of-euphemisms-as-a-dark-side-knowledge-management-tactic/), and aim to step up my efforts through 2020. Some of my colleagues are also planning to make this a focus.
Looking now at your wider work in encouraging global learning from Chinese philosophy, something potentially of interest are the new initiatives that are seeking to decolonise research, higher education, and knowledge. The initial focus is on reversing the knowledge dominance of the global North over the global South, but needs to be extended to encourage the global North to learn from the global South. I’ve just written a summary of the new decolonisation initiatives, and Dr Romina Istratii, who I mention in the article, has been in contact in regard to potential collaboration which we plan to follow up shortly in a teleconference (https://realkm.com/2019/12/13/new-initiatives-begin-decolonising-research-libraries-and-knowledge-systems-but-what-about-decolonising-km/).
Alter, S. (2006, January). Goals and tactics on the dark side of knowledge management. In Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS’06) (Vol. 7, pp. 144a-144a). IEEE.
Alicia Hennig
Dear Bruce,
Thank you for your long response! I especially find you comment regarding knowledge management very interesting! Definitely, we also acquire knowledge for the purpose of planning and certainty, not just merely for the sake of “wisdom”, as in philosophy where I come from.
With regard to better “understanding” the environment, at least ethically and relationally, Daoism could be a helpful, inspiring resource for you. I noticed you added me on LinkedIn, so feel free to get in touch with me there for further discussion.
And yes, definitely we need to decolonialise education, especially philosophy, and I’m trying my best to contribute to this endeavour. However, at conferences it is often the same, especially in my area business ethics: Academia is very much dominated by Westerners still, especially Anglo-American.
Yakov Ben-Haim
It is worthwhile to explore different thought patterns in different cultures, and I found this essay interesting. However, one should be cautious not to over-generalize the uniformity of any culture’s intellectual habits. There are important instances in Western thought where one can find strong deviation from what the authors call “linear extrapolation of things past”. For instance, Hegelian dialectic is characterized by conflict of ideas out of which comes a new synthesis. Or, Darwinian evolution is a process of balance and imbalance, as well as uniformity and diversity, all in perpetuum, with “no pre-defined and final goal” to quote the author. I’ll conclude with a quote from the strategic thinker Edward Luttwak, in his 1984 book “The Pentagon and the Art of War: The Question of Military Reform”, in which he criticizes McNamara’s linear logic (as the authors also might do) but demonstrates in very Western terms his concept of the paradox of strategy:
“An even greater defect of the McNamara approach to military decisions was its businesslike `linear’ logic, which is right for commerce or engineering but almost always fails in the realm of strategy. Because its essence is the clash of antagonistic and outmaneuvering wills, strategy usually proceeds by paradox rather than conventional ‘linear’ logic. That much is clear even from the most shopworn of Latin tags: “si vis pacem, para bellum” (if you want peace, prepare for war), whose business equivalent would be on the orders of ‘if you want sales, add to your purchasing staff,’ or some other, equally absurd advice. Where paradox rules, straightforward linear logic is self-defeating, sometimes quite literally. Let a general choose the best path for his advance, the shortest and best-roaded, and it then becomes the worst of all paths, because the enemy will await him there in greatest strength.” (pp.269-270)
In short, the metaphor of non-linear thought has many merits, but it is not unique to the East.
Hello Yakov, related to your comment, Brewer and Venaik alert to the ecological fallacy in national culture research, where “culture scales that are correlated at the national (ecological) level [such as those of Hofstede] are not correlated in the same manner at the individual or organizational level.” Within any culture there are people and organisations who will deviate greatly from the behaviours that cultural dimensions tell us to expect.
Brewer, P. & Venaik, S. (2014). The Ecological Fallacy in National Culture Research. Organization Studies, 35, 1063-1086. https://www.academia.edu/14057938/The_Ecological_Fallacy_in_National_Culture_Research
Christiane Prange
I absolutely agree that different cultures contribute to our understanding of non-linearity. Of course, Hegel’s thoughts are an important contribution. However, there are huge differences in understanding if you look at Eastern thinking where the idea of paradox as something contradictory that can be reconciled just does not exist in the way it exists in the West. An interesting read to highlight different notions of paradox is Papachroni et al. (2015). Organizational Ambidexterity Through the Lens of Paradox Theory: Building a Novel Research Agenda. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science 2015, Vol. 51(1) 71–93
Sean Walsh
My original ‘academic’ discipline was in health sciences, specifically acupuncture and Chinese medicine. It is the underlying assumptions I find most interesting when engaging with different perspectives – one such is that of mutual dependence. That is, one is defined by the other, but the seed of change is also embedded in each as well. (Would that be an abstraction?). And of course, that wonderful liminal space, that point of interchange existing between the two :). Your post had me thinking about ‘patterning’, perhaps it is how to engage with the happenings now, rather than focusing on patterns that have happened…
A provoking read – much enjoyed!
Thank you very much! I absolutely agree that patterns are important. And these are not the patterns that result from linear extrapolations of the past. Instead, patterns for the future provide a portfolio of possible actions from which to select when more detailed recipes are missing.
Show me an organization that is agile at adapting to change and I will will show you the same organization that is slow in all the right places. For some organizations they can probably accept uncertainty – even if they hate it – the people who launch rockets and see some of them blow up after they have been checked and rechecked. I guess they are both seeing both sides of yin and yang.
I suggest defining agility not simply as adaptation to change or high speed, but as the capacity to decide when change/stability and slow/accerelated speed is necessary. Thus, companies can be very agile also if they are slow and if this fits to their environmental challenges. The same is true for people as you mention.
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Original story by By Louis Bacani (philstar.com)
MANILA, Philippines – After a recent survey showed that 3 out of 4 Filipinos support a gun control policy, Speaker Feliciano Belmonte Jr. said on Friday that the issue would be taken up in the next Congress.
Reiterating his call for a strict gun control, Belmonte said the matter “would most likely” be among the many concerns to be raised when the 16th Congress opens in July.
Earlier this year, Belmonte said the country certainly needs greater firearms control. A total ban except for those in the military, police and security agencies, was only ideal as long as illegal firearms thrive, he added.
Meanwhile, one of the authors of a gun control measure filed in the lower house stressed the need for “comprehensive, sustainable and stricter” regulations on all types of firearms and its components.
Marikina City 1st District Representative Marcelino Teodoro said the proliferation of firearms is becoming rampant, making it easier for criminal entities to perform acts of violence.
“A gun control law must be upheld and fully enforced upon by the concerned agencies and supported by the government to eradicate criminal acts,” said Teodoro, one of the authors of House Bill 5484 or the Comprehensive Firearms, Light Weapons and Ammunition Regulation Act of 2012.
The House of Representatives approved the said bill on third and final reading on Jan. 24, 2012, and sent it to the Senate two days later.
Last February 4 or more than a year later, the Senate approved on third and final reading a similar gun measure, the Senate Bill 3397 or the Comprehensive Firearms and Ammunition Regulation Act.
The said bill had been adopted by the Lower House as an amendment to HB 5484.
Among other violations, the Senate measure penalizes the illegal acquisition or ownership of three or more light firearms, which is punishable by lifetime imprisonment.
The gun measure was filed in the Senate last January, a month when gun-related incidents such the Atimonan, Quezon shooting and the New Year stray bullet cases were highlighted.
Earlier this week, a Pulse Asia survey showed that 75 percent of Filipinos are in favor of the implementation of a gun control policy.
See related story: 3 out of 4 Pinoys favor gun control
In the survey that covered 1,800 people aged 18 and above, only seven percent disagreed to such regulation, while 18 percent were undecided on the issue.
The survey also showed that most Filipinos (78 percent) prefer a policy that only allows law enforcers and licensed private security guards to carry firearms in public places.
A sizeable majority of the respondents (67 percent) also think that guns and their proliferation are among the key reasons why crime and violence occur in the country. |
Home/News/styra 40m series ventureslundentechcrunch
styra 40m series ventureslundentechcrunch
Walker2 weeks ago
Styra, a startup based in San Francisco, has raised $40 million in a Series B funding round led by venture capital firm Battery Ventures. The round also included participation from previous investors Unusual Ventures, Redpoint myvuhub Ventures, and A. Capital.
Styra was founded in 2017 by Tim Hinrichs, who previously worked as a software engineer at Google and helped to create the open-source Kubernetes container orchestration system. The company provides a platform for managing and enforcing security policies in cloud-native environments.
As companies increasingly adopt cloud-native technologies, the need for effective security solutions has masstamilan become more pressing. Styra’s platform helps companies to manage their security policies across multiple cloud providers and containers, ensuring that their applications remain secure and compliant.
The funding will be used to expand Styra’s platform and accelerate its growth. The company plans to invest in research teachertn and development, as well as sales and marketing. It also plans to hire additional employees, with a focus on engineering, sales, and customer success.
Battery Ventures, the lead investor in the Series B round, has a pagalsongs long history of investing in innovative startups. The firm has invested in companies such as Akamai Technologies, Coupa Software, and Wayfair. Battery Ventures’ investment in Styra reflects its confidence in the company’s ability to disrupt the cloud security market.
Styra’s funding round comes at a time of increased investment in the cloud security market. According to a report by MarketsandMarkets, the market for cloud security solutions is expected to grow from $5.6 billion in 2020 to $12.6 billion by 2025, at a compound annual growth rate of 17.6%.
Styra’s yareel platform is well-positioned to take advantage of this growth, as it provides a comprehensive solution for managing cloud security policies. The platform supports multiple cloud providers, including Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud Platform (GCP), and Microsoft Azure. It also integrates with popular container platforms such as Kubernetes and Docker.
Styra’s approach to cloud security is based on a policy-as-code model. This means that security policies are defined as code, which can be version-controlled and audited like any other software code. This approach provides greater visibility and control over security policies, making it easier to manage and enforce them.
Styra’s platform also includes a visual policy editor, which makes it easy for non-technical users to create and manage security policies. This helps to reduce the burden on IT teams and allows them to focus on more strategic initiatives.
Styra has already seen significant traction in the market, with customers including VMWare, Starbucks, and Lyft. The company has also received recognition from industry analysts, including Gartner, which named Styra a “Cool Vendor” in cloud security in 2020.
Styra’s success highlights the growing importance of cloud security in the enterprise market. As more companies adopt cloud-native technologies, they will need effective solutions for managing and enforcing security policies. Styra’s platform provides a comprehensive solution that is well-positioned to meet this growing demand.
In conclusion, Styra’s $40 million Series B funding round is a significant milestone for the company and reflects the growing demand for cloud security solutions. The company’s platform provides a comprehensive solution for managing security policies in cloud-native environments, and its policy-as-code model is well-suited to the needs of modern IT teams. With the support of Battery Ventures and its other investors, Styra is well-positioned to continue its growth and become a leader in the cloud security market.
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How Important are Conceptual Skills in the Management Scenario
The use of conceptual skills in the field of management cannot be stressed enough. In the article below, let us take a glimpse at what these skills are and how they can be used.
Home / Job Market / How Important are Conceptual Skills in the Management Scenario
What goes into making a good manager? Leadership skills, the ability to think straight under pressure, and the trait of being able to come up with quick and practical solutions to problems. Apart from these, one also needs excellent communication skills and a certain level of technical skills too, in order to be a good manager.
However, among the list of management skills, there lies one particular group of skills that not all can master. It takes time and a deep understanding of the principles of business and human resource management to develop them. They are conceptual skills in management. To know more about these skills, read ahead.
What are Conceptual Skills?
Conceptual skills are probably some of the most important management skills. There are some very basic principles behind conceptual skills. The inputs by people who are hired especially for their exceptional conceptual skills often influence the decision-making process in an organization, be it about something like a change in the employees dress code to something as big as a revamped advertising campaign for a product. Some functions of these skills are mentioned below. They might help you understand it better.
Establish Inter-relation
A person who has conceptual skills has the ability to carry out a detailed study of the possible and probable inter-relation between various ideas and ‘concepts’. It is a cognitive skill that requires the person to have a deep understanding of what has to be studied, what can be ignored and how to ascertain how much importance should be given to which concept. It also relates to how to use the inter-relation between the various aspects of the matter and come up with a concept or an idea to make it better. It is an integral part of how business management actually goes about.
A conceptual person can combine problem solving with the practice of conceptualizing a practical issue. For instance, if there is group of people who are opposing the construction of a bridge near their houses, the person will go deeper into the problem, find out why it is so, how to convince them without offering them just money, get them to understand how the bridge will in no way harm the peace and harmony of their homes, and finally get them to agree to the construction.
Study as a Whole
A conceptual person will not look at the organization as a part of the industry. Using this skill, he will look at it as a whole. The main focus will be on how to study, analyze, and develop new strategies that will enable the smooth and better functioning of the organization as a whole. He may compartmentalize each section within the organization and come up with various concepts to help them individually, but the overall progress of the whole organization is the ultimate goal.
Apart from problem solving, conceptual skills also play another very important part as far as manager skills are concerned. This involves coming up with creative and innovative ideas and concepts pertaining to the growth of the organization. For instance, a company needs to boost the sales of its new product – a tangy tomato ketchup, with a hint of mint in it.
A person with conceptual skills is the one who will treat the ‘increase of sales’ as a concept rather than a physical target. He will perform the important functions of management. He will study and speculate, he will analyze and comprehend. He will then come up with a concept which will use the distinct ‘flavor’ of the ketchup as its USP. As you can see from this, the person has come up only with a concept of the flavor being different. The next step of forming a suitable advertisement is the job of the ad department and the technically skilled managers will handle the technical aspect of making the whole concept a reality.
You can come across conceptual skills examples in your day-to-day life too. They are not restricted only to top level management in a big organization. They can be as simple as a child wondering why clouds are formed and coming up with his own version of the reason. Developing them is not difficult. You just need to hone the analyzing abilities that you possess. |
Home › Miscellaneous 2023
What tree will a log house stand for more than 300 years even without special processing?
Is it possible to get a similar result today?
It is no secret that in the old days buildings and other structures made of wood (and then it was the main building material) stood for centuries. Buildings of the sixteenth century have been preserved in good condition to this day. Of course, many have already undergone repair and replacement of individual elements, but in general the buildings look good. And the most interesting thing is that the building material itself is perfectly preserved.
Wooden log cabins can last more than 300 years, the main thing is to choose the right wood
Not every stone or brick structure can withstand such a long service life, but wood of that time can withstand: it does not rot, it is not damaged by various bugs. And all this without any preliminary chemical treatment.
The experts call the deadwood kelo the correct wood
Experts say this is entirely possible if the correct timber is used, namely pine logs from the northern regions. Such a pine dead wood is called Kelo. It's all about the climatic conditions in which the tree grows.
Too harsh northern climate leads to the fact that pine growth is very slow here
Too harsh northern climate leads to the fact that pine growth is very slow here. For a year, a pine tree in diameter can increase by no more than two millimeters. But this is the plus of wood. Slow growth affects its density, and it is very high. If the kelo is not removed by a person, then it can stand for years.
The disadvantage of northern pine is that it is very hard and can be processed with great difficulty
Even if there are no bark and branches on the trunks, they still will not rot. And time has no power over them. No matter how many years have passed, the wood will not begin to crack and dry out. Therefore, these pines were called "stone".
Building a house from kelo pine is the right decision, although not a very cheap pleasure
Its downside is that it is very hard and can be processed with great difficulty, so construction work is not easy. Plus, the price is too expensive building material and in reality not everyone can afford to buy it for a full-fledged residential building.
Continuing the topic read, how in the old days they managed to keep the house cool: tricks that will save you from the heat. |
Why do you all have such funny names?
It's customary for us to choose a medieval name to use at events. However, for your first few events, don't worry too much about a name - your ordinary first name is fine. It's entirely reasonable to simply be "Joan of Ildhafn" while you take some time to look at possibilities for a medieval name, and work out which times and places you are most interested in. Unfortunately, fantasy novels (and many historical novels) are not a good source of realistic medieval names!
In addition to names, many people take on the 'persona' of someone who might have lived in medieval times. This persona can't be an actual figure from history (don't call yourself Anne Boleyn or Ethelred the Unready, they are already taken!), nor can it be one directly adopted from myth, legend, or literature (King Arthur and Sir Lancelot are out too). Instead, an SCA persona is an invented character who might have lived in the middle ages - whose name, and perhaps background and interests, is plausible for a certain time and place - but who is not a part of recorded history. Take your time in deciding on what you want to do - your interests may change in time. In the SCA, titles (such as Lady, Sir, or Duke) are awarded by royalty for achievements in various fields, so please don't give yourself a title.
You can adopt a coat of arms, but you might want to first chat with some knowledgeable person about how the SCA handles armory. (At the very least, wait until you know what other people are using locally, and avoid well-known real-world arms.) It is certainly not necessary for newcomers to adopt a persona or medieval name at their first few events, but it is fine if you wish to do so. If you have always wanted to be a 6th century Celt or soldier at Agincourt, research the culture of the time and place, make up an identity from that period, and come as that identity to your next event.
You can get an idea of the names and personas a few of the Auckland SCA group have chosen from our "people" page. |
Male Plastic Surgery: A Rising Trend
Up until now, cosmetic surgery fell into a strictly female domain where men dared not venture. While cosmetic surgery is still more prevalent among females, there is a rising trend among males to get plastic surgery procedures. Although most are still a little hesitant to go under the knife, they are willing to opt for non-invasive procedures such as Botox, hair removal, and microdermabrasion.
Statistics show that male cosmetic surgery has actually increased by 273% since 1997. With 1 million cosmetic surgical procedures within the last year, the number still only accounts for 9.4% of the total cosmetic surgeries done. It does, however, show that a gradual increase is taking place.
Why the Increase?
There may be multiple reasons for the steady increase in male plastic surgery but chief among them seems to be social acceptance. Up until now it was taboo for a man to undergo a cosmetic surgical procedure. Now that it has become much more acceptable and not frowned upon, men have the confidence to opt for them.
Another reason for the change is the increased competition in the corporate world. It is no secret that the cut throat corporate world demands you to be in your best shape at all times. Presentation, aesthetics and your look play a great role in the dynamics that help you move forward in your career. With this concept in mind, more and more men are opting for a cosmetic surgical procedure allowing them to opt for a more masculine and younger look.
Up until now, cosmetic surgeries were strictly female territory. As the number of men opting for cosmetic surgeries increases it’s important to see how they differ from females when it comes to the type of cosmetic surgeries.
Male and Female Cosmetic Surgeries: Similarities and Differences
As there is an increase in the male surgical procedures, there is a distinct difference between the cosmetic procedures that men and women undergo. The main reason behind this is the obvious difference in the male and female body.
Strangely enough, the most popular cosmetic surgical procedures tackle the same areas albeit in a different manner.
Rhinoplasty and Facelifts are two cosmetic procedures that are equally popular among the two genders whereas eyelid surgery follows closely.
Most Popular Cosmetic Surgical Procedures for Men
The most popular male surgical procedures today include the following:
Nose Reshaping
Rhinoplasty is one procedure that both genders simply love. Whether it’s a drastic change or a subtle one, rhinoplasty has a way of completely changing the way you look. Nose reshaping entails sculpting the nose by making it bigger or smaller in size and changing the angle between the nose and the upper lip.
Eyelid surgery entails removing the excess fat from the eyelid and removing the dark circles under the eye to give the face a fresher look. An eyelid surgery typically takes about 10 days to recover after the procedure has been done. Its best to refrain from contact lenses for about 2 weeks and stick to the trusted old glasses until the recovery time has elapsed.
In this cosmetic procedure, excess fat and tissue is removed from the abdominal area. In some cases, doctors may even opt for ab reshaping. A tube is inserted into the skin and used to remove the excess fat through suction.
Breast Reduction in Men
Also known as Gynescomastia, breast reduction in men is a procedure that removes the excess fatty tissue from around the breasts. The doctor may even reshape the pectoral area according to the preference of the patient. This problem is more common than you would think. About 40 to 60% of males suffer from this condition which may affect either one or both of the breasts.
Facelifts
This entails tightening the skin around the face and reducing the number of wrinkles. Face lifts are great if you want to get rid of the lines that have appeared on the skin. The recovery time for this procedure is typically 10 days to 3 weeks.
Posted on August 9, 2014 Author ilpadminCategories Breast Reduction, Eyelid Surgery, Face Lift, Gynescomastia, Liposuction, RhinoplastyTags Breast Reduction, Eyelid surgery, Gynescomastia, Liposuction, Rhinoplasty
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John Johns Tuesday Flip Off
Location : Capitol Hill, WA
July 19, 2016 July 12, 2016 July 05, 2016 June 07, 2016 February 02, 2016 January 18, 2016 January 12, 2016 November 11, 2014 September 23, 2014 September 02, 2014 August 26, 2014 August 19, 2014 August 12, 2014 August 05, 2014 July 29, 2014 July 22, 2014 July 08, 2014 July 01, 2014 June 27, 2014 June 17, 2014 June 10, 2014 June 03, 2014 May 27, 2014 May 20, 2014 May 13, 2014 April 29, 2014 April 22, 2014 April 08, 2014 April 01, 2014 March 25, 2014 March 18, 2014 March 11, 2014 March 04, 2014 February 25, 2014 February 18, 2014 February 11, 2014 February 04, 2014 January 28, 2014 January 21, 2014 January 14, 2014 January 07, 2014 December 17, 2013 December 10, 2013 November 12, 2013 November 05, 2013 October 29, 2013 October 22, 2013 October 15, 2013 October 08, 2013 October 01, 2013 September 24, 2013 September 17, 2013 September 10, 2013 August 27, 2013 August 13, 2013 August 06, 2013 July 30, 2013 July 23, 2013 July 16, 2013 July 09, 2013 July 02, 2013 June 25, 2013 June 18, 2013 June 11, 2013 June 04, 2013 May 28, 2013 May 21, 2013 May 14, 2013 May 07, 2013 April 30, 2013 April 23, 2013 April 16, 2013 April 09, 2013 April 02, 2013 March 26, 2013 March 19, 2013 March 12, 2013 March 05, 2013 February 26, 2013 February 19, 2013 February 12, 2013 February 05, 2013 January 29, 2013 January 22, 2013 January 15, 2013 January 08, 2013 Select Event
Results for the Main Tournament event on January 07, 2014
2 Blake Mitchell 2640 1330.64 0.09
3 Sam Atlas 3519 1506.92 0.05
6 Tim Tournay 275 1391.17 0.01
6 Zac Petersen 1036 1320.41 0.01
6 Flash Haze 1341 1370.60 0.01
8 Tyler Wollam 13949 Not Rated 0.01
8 Amanda Kotchon 1170 1450.12 0.01
10 Chris Baumann 13949 979.74 0.01
10 Rachel Helm 14564 1134.73 0.01
13 Ashley Shaw 5581 1242.96 0.01
13 Rob Atlas 13103 1257.94 0.01
13 Jason Arcuri 13949 Not Rated 0.01
13 Jd Estes 13949 Not Rated 0.01
16 DL Salo 4517 1360.47 0.00
16 Alexa Philbeck 13949 Not Rated 0.00
Capitol Hill, WA
Tournament Date: January 07, 2014 |
A Wonderful Day at Hochanda and A Trip To Kent
Hello everyone, just a quick blog post to thank you all for your support during our Hochanda shows today. We had so many products sell out, much to our surprise and delight.
The stamp sets sold out in the first hour this morning, so Harvey & Janet did a super quick stock take of the sets we had left & they are now on our website, with the discount offered on Hochanda - a massive 75% off.
Not all of the sets are available and there are very limited quantities of the rest, so if there are some sets you like, you might want to grab them sooner rather than later.
Sue and Harvey's next stop is Lisa B's Craft Extravaganza Day, this coming Saturday July 23, in Maidstone, Kent............
Sue will be demoing throughout the day as well as doing a one hour workshop, where twelve participants will make this card, using Starlights, stencils & stamps...............
A place on the workshop costs £6, must be booked in advance & is non-refundable. There are very few places left now, so if you would like to attend, please email Lisa; [email protected].
That's all from us for now, thank you again for your support and we hope to see lots of you in Maidstone on Saturday.
Posted by Kirsten at 23:21 1 comment:
Labels: Hochanda, Imagination Crafts, Lisa B, Lisa B Designs, Maidstone, Starlights Metallic Paint
Hochanda Shows Today
Good morning! It looks like it's going to be another beautiful day here, hope the sun is shining where you are. Just a quick post to remind you of today's Hochanda shows, Sue & Lisa will be on at
10am, 1pm & 5pm.
The highlight of the shows will most likely be the stamp sets at an incredible price of only £1.99 per set.
We've covered all four seasons & virtually all occasions to give you plenty to choose from.
Sue & Lisa will have lots of demos to share with you, so we hope you can tune in, but if you can't, don't worry, you can watch the shows on Hochanda's catch up service following transmission.
Have a lovely day & if you're out in the sunshine, don't forget to wear sunscreen!
Hochanda
SKY 663 (24/7)
FREEVIEW 39 (6AM-9PM)
FREESAT 817 (24/7)
Find Imagination Crafts on..............
https://www.facebook.com/imaginationcrafts/
https://twitter.com/imaginationcra4
https://www.pinterest.com/imagination230/
Imagination Crafts' Starlights Metallic Paints' fanpage on Facebook:
https://www.facebook.com/starlightsaholics/
Labels: Hochanda, Imagination Crafts, Lisa B |
How to Avoid Getting Addicted to Slot Machines
A slot is a small gap or slit between two airfoils, in an airplane, usually used to control the flow of air over the wing. The term is also used for other openings in aircraft structures.
A casino is a building that has a large number of slot machines. Some casinos are located in a single location, while others are spread across several locations. Some are land-based, while others are located on water.
In some countries, such as Australia and the United States, slot machines are legalized or regulated as gambling. These regulations often impose restrictions on the type of games that may be played, the number of machines that may be owned, and the amount of money that can be wagered per spin.
Many players are prone to becoming addicted to playing slot machines. Studies have shown that the rate of addiction to video slots is three times higher than that to traditional casino games.
There are a few things you can do to avoid becoming addicted to slot machines. These include:
Know your odds
The probabilities of winning on a particular slot machine are an important part of determining whether the game is fair. The more symbols you have on the payline, the lower the odds of winning. However, this doesn’t mean that you should stop playing if you’re not getting the best returns.
Play multiple lines
Video slot machines often encourage you to play more than one line, with the goal of increasing your odds of winning. By doing this, you can increase your long-term return to player (RTP).
Know the paytable
Whenever you are playing a slot machine, it is a good idea to look at the paytable. This will give you a detailed list of the winning symbols and their values. It will also tell you what bet sizes correspond to each prize.
Be aware of the denomination and minimum bets
A slot machine can have a very high minimum bet, making it difficult for you to win big. This is especially true on machines that are called “penny” or “nickel” machines.
Make sure that you have enough cash to play the game before you begin. There are many different types of slot machines, so you should be able to find one that suits your budget.
Know the RTP and jackpot rates
The RTP, or return to player rate, is an important factor to consider when choosing a slot machine. It is the percentage of your bet that will be returned to you over a specified period of time.
If you are playing for the jackpot, be sure to choose a machine that has a large payout percentage. This will increase your chances of winning the jackpot, and it will also help you get the most out of your playing time.
Be aware of your emotions
The psychological effects of playing slot machines can be quite serious. Some studies have shown that people who play these machines become depressed, and have a hard time making rational decisions about their finances.
February 6, 2023 20Juli2022
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Internal Transfer Students
Break Through Tech
New Works Incubator
Brandon Morse
Associate Professor and Chair
Brandon Morse is a Washington, DC based artist who works with generative systems as a means to examine the ways in which physical phenomena such as entropy and emergence can function in ways that are both poetic and metaphorical. Through the use of code, and the creation of custom computer software, he creates simulations of seemingly complex systems to create video and video installations that seek to draw parallels between the ways in which these systems work and the ways in which we, both individually and collectively, navigate the world around us.
Prof. Morse has been teaching at Maryland since 2000. He received his BFA from the University of Wisconsin Stevens Point and his MFA in Art & Technology from The Ohio State University. He has exhbited his work in digital video and sound installation nationally and internationally. Exhibitions include the Corcoran Museum of Art in Washington, DC, the Nanjing Museum in China, the American University Museum at the Katzen Arts Center, Kusthalle Detroit, as well as many gallery exhibitions across the United States, Europe and Asia.
[email protected]
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[email protected] |
Judge Allows Certain Family Separations at the Border to Continue
Posted by Katy Murdza | Jan 21, 2020 | Border Enforcement, Enforcement, Federal Courts/Jurisdiction
The Trump administration received an unfortunate victory in the case against their family separation policy.
On January 13, 2020, Federal Judge Dana Sabraw sided with the government in a lawsuit challenging continued separations at the border. Although the judge ordered an end to most family separations in 2018, he has allowed families to be separated under certain exceptions.
These exceptions have let the practice continue on a smaller—yet still devastating—scale. Over 1,000 children have been separated since the judge’s earlier ruling.
Under the administration’s “zero tolerance” policy, immigrant parents were systematically separated from their children at the U.S.-Mexico border and prosecuted for entering the United States without authorization. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) filed a lawsuit shortly after the policy was announced in April 2018. Judge Sabraw ordered an end to the policy two months later. He also ordered the reunification of the over 2,800 families who had been separated under the policy.
He allowed, however, for separations when there is “a determination that the parent is unfit or presents a danger to the child.”
Since that 2018 decision, thousands of children have been separated. The government relies on different “exceptions” to continue the separations.
In some cases, the government cites the parent’s criminal history or health condition. In others, they have expressed doubts of a legitimate parent-child relationship. They allege criminal history—even if the offense took place years ago and was non-violent. It can be as simple as a traffic citation. In some cases, the parent has not been charged with a crime but is simply suspected of one by the U.S. government.
The government often does not provide an explanation for the separation to the parent or their attorney (if they have one).
It’s possible there are a small number of cases in which it is in the best interest of a child to be separated from a parent. However, these determinations should be made by child welfare experts instead of immigration officials. Furthermore, the parent and their attorney should receive evidence for and a written explanation of that determination.
The ACLU challenged the continued separations in 2019, arguing that the government was still systematically separating children from their parents. The organization requested the judge set new family separation guidelines and appoint an independent monitor to supervise the decisions.
In his recent decision, Judge Sabraw said these separations fall under the exceptions he originally allowed. Going forward, immigration officials will continue to be able to use their discretion in deciding when separation is necessary. Officials can even go beyond “just the fitness and danger that a parent may present to his or her own child” when making a determination.
Judge Sabraw did order the government to conduct DNA testing for cases in which the separation is due to doubts of a parent-child relationship.
There are 23 children separated under the 2018 zero tolerance policy who have yet to be reunified with their families. There are likely many more from the group of 1,556 children separated before the policy’s official implementation. And there is no telling how many will be separated under the administration’s “exceptions.”
The government should take steps to ensure that safeguards are in place to prevent any future separations from happening.
FILED UNDER: Donald Trump, family separation
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Katy Murdza
Katy Murdza is the Advocacy Manager for the Immigration Justice Campaign at the American Immigration Council, where she focuses on legal advocacy and policy related to immigration detention across the country. She previously advocated for asylum-seeking mothers and children on issues including medical care, pregnancy, family separation, and access to counsel at the Dilley Pro Bono Project. Before earning a Master's degree in International Policy and Development from the Middlebury Institute of International Studies, she assisted migrants on the U.S.-Mexico border with No More Deaths and served as a Peace Corps Volunteer in Panama. |
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Home / Naturalization / U.S. Citizenship via Naturalization
U.S. Citizenship via Naturalization
ByJulia Fedorova Last Updated April 8, 2021
The naturalization process is one which allows a foreign citizen to become a full-fledged U.S. citizen, granted the same rights and privileges as any natural born U.S. citizen, including the right to vote in federal elections, which is something that visa holders and lawful permanent residents can’t do, even if they have been in the United States for a majority of their lives.
Qualifying for Naturalization
In order to qualify for naturalization, a person must be a lawful permanent resident of the United States for at least five years. If the person seeking naturalization is married to a U.S. citizen, then the wait is reduced to just three years.
The wait may be substantially reduced if the person seeking naturalization served in the military for a qualifying period of time. A child can be naturalized if the child was born to U.S. citizens on foreign soil, even if the family remains outside of the country for an extended period of time after the child’s birth.
Children Born to Foreign Parents
Children who were born on foreign soil to foreign parents may not need to apply for naturalization because, if the children’s birth or adoptive parents became naturalized U.S. citizens before the child turned 18, then the child may already be considered a U.S. citizen.
English and Civics Testing Requirement
Prior to becoming a naturalized U.S. citizen and taking the Oath of Naturalization, which finalizes the process, the foreign citizen seeking to be naturalized must successfully pass a basic English and civics test administered by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services during the naturalization interview.
Certain exemptions to this testing requirement exist for individuals who have been in the United States for a certain number of years and those who are at least a certain age – if a person may qualify for an exemption to the testing requirement, then an attorney can advise the person of this fact and the benefits which the exemption provides.
Other Benefits of Working with an Attorney
Along with getting the most up-to-date information on testing exemptions which may exist for foreign citizens who are trying to become naturalized U.S. citizens, a person who partners with an experienced Columbus immigration and naturalization attorney for help through the naturalization application process receives several major benefits that those who try to apply for naturalization on their own don’t get to enjoy.
Benefits include being able to have a skilled legal professional look over an application to ensure it is filled out completely and properly, and having a professional on hand to offer advice to a person’s specific immigration related questions.
Prior to Naturalization
Until the naturalization process is finalized, a foreign citizen may still be deported or removed from the United States and sent back to his or her country of origin for violations of major U.S. laws and for violations of certain immigration policies.
Only after naturalized citizenship is granted is a former foreign citizen free from the risk of being ordered removed from the country. However, if naturalization is procured by fraud, then an immigration court may revoke that citizenship and have the person returned to his or her country of origin.
Sam Shihab & Associates Can Help
If you are an immigrant with any questions or concerns regarding your status, visa, green card application, or any other legal matter, speak at once to an experienced Columbus immigration attorney. A good immigration lawyer can help you and your family with any immigration issue you face and defend you if you’re accused of violating immigration law.
Our immigration attorneys will review your forms and applications for thoroughness and accuracy. Immigration laws will continually change, but an experienced immigration attorney will always be able to give you the most up-to-date legal advice you need.
We have offices in Dublin and Columbus, Ohio, Michigan, and Texas. But our full suite of immigration law services is available to clients nationwide and even around the world.
Post Tags: #citizenship#naturalized#U.S. Citizen
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How to Apply for U.S. Citizenship as a Refugee
ByJulia Fedorova March 10, 2021 March 17, 2021
Many people find themselves in the U.S. after escaping from their home countries due to war or fear of persecution. Some of these immigrants become refugees and asylees in the U.S. The U.S. immigration process for a refugee seeking to become an American citizen can be long and difficult to navigate. However, with the help of an experienced immigration attorney,…
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Citizenship Has Its Advantages
ByJulia Fedorova October 22, 2013 May 31, 2021
If you are an immigrant lucky enough to qualify for United States citizenship, you should absolutely pursue it. Citizenship offers a number of advantages, and it finally ends, once and for all, any and all concerns about greens cards, visas, and immigration status. For whatever reason, however, some people are reticent to take that final…
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Reasons for Naturalization Denials
ByJulia Fedorova July 20, 2013 April 8, 2021
One can become a citizen of the United States by being born in the U.S. or one of its territories, or through a process known as naturalization. The process of applying for naturalization has several requirements, which an experienced immigration and naturalization attorney can explain to the applicant in further detail. Below are some of…
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News Flash: Citizenship for Essential Workers Act
ByJulia Fedorova April 15, 2021 May 28, 2021
President Biden is being urged to include the Citizenship for Essential Workers Act in his two-part infrastructure improvement plan. Specifically, Democrats are asking Biden to include this immigration legislation in the second part of his plan, called the American Families Plan, which focuses on education and childcare. Pathway to Citizenship via LPR If included and…
Read More News Flash: Citizenship for Essential Workers ActContinue
Why U.S. Citizenship Is Better than a Green Card
ByJulia Fedorova March 22, 2010 April 26, 2021
Many permanent residents consider attaining a green card to be the final step in the immigration process. Most green cards are valid for 10 years and can be renewed indefinitely. Consequently, a surprisingly large number of permanent residents renew their green cards for decades and never naturalize or, in other words, become citizens of the…
Read More Why U.S. Citizenship Is Better than a Green CardContinue
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No US Visas for Nigerians Threatening Democracy Back Home
By Lisa Vives, Global Information Network
NEW YORK (IDN) — Nigerians planning to visit the US will be barred from entry if officials believe they pose a threat to upcoming elections in Nigeria, according to US Secretary of State Antony Blinken in a statement.
The announcement also extends to the families of those accused of anti-democratic efforts, according to Sec’y Blinken. Nigeria’s Februray 25 elections will determine who will replace President Muhammadu Buhari, who has reached the country’s two-term limit after serving eight years in office.
“The visa restrictions announced today are specific to certain individuals and are not directed at the Nigerian people or the Government of Nigeria. The restrictions reflect the commitment of the United States to support Nigerian aspirations to combat corruption and strengthen democracy and the rule of law.”
Blinken’s order was challenged as ineffective by some users of Twitter.
“The people who are actually behind such things all have green cards or US citizenship. Until you start revoking permanent residency and citizenship of them and their families, there is no reason to take you serious,” wrote David Hundeyin on Twitter.
Two weeks before, the British government imposed a similar visa ban on Nigerian politicians involved in violence and rigging.
The vote in Nigeria comes as the country faces widespread insecurity, with the electoral commission itself targeted by recent violence.
Earlier this month (January), Nigerian police repelled attacks on election commission offices in the southeastern state of Enugu. In December, five people were killed in three attacks on offices in the southeastern state of Imo.
No details were provided by the US official as to how they would identify those who endanger the democratic polls.
Threats to the upcoming general elections were outlined by journalist Reuben Abati in This Day news.
“The biggest fear is that the current electoral process faces threats more than any other before… Yesterday in Ojota, Lagos, there was a shoot-out between members of the Oodua Progressives Congress (OPC), and the Oodua self-determination activists and Nigeria’s security agencies. Persons were killed, other were injured.
“By 9 am, concerned citizens declared Ojota a no-go area unless you would willingly take a stray bullet in your head and die just like that. In Anambra State, unidentified gun men burnt down a police station in Umuchu community in Aguata Local Government Area.
“Not enough has been done before the elections as indicated by the multiple security breaches around the country. The politicians are behaving as if the election this year is a kind of war. The last thing this country wants is any form of war.
Attacks have also been reported on candidate Peter Obi of the Labour Party after a rally in Katsina. There have been over 400 cases of election-related violence across the country,
“Tighten your seat belts,” declared Abati. “This is bound to be a tough year for us, as Nigerians. The politicians will win or lose, but they don’t seem to care enough about us. This is our sad reality.” [IDN-InDepthNews – 30 January 2023]
Image source: This Day
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Home page > Photocopieuse > We are not apologetic about our Presidential choice : Manmohan
We are not apologetic about our Presidential choice : Manmohan
Friday 6 July 2007, by PARSAI*Gargi
‘We have made the right choice. She is deserving of the high office’
Shekhawat is a BJP member but he contests as an Independent
Language used by Advani “not healthy”
NEW DELHI: Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on Thursday described the UPA Presidential nominee Pratibha Patil as “an outstanding candidate” who survived in public life for 25 years because of her competence.
Speaking to a group of women journalists at his residence here, the Prime Minister said there were no charges against her. “I have already said the allegations are mud-slinging. We are not apologetic about her choice. Not only the UPA but the entire country is united about her. We have made the right choice. She is deserving of the high office.”
Dr Singh said Ms. Patil had been in public life since 1962, as a member of the Maharashtra Assembly, State Minister, Deputy Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha, and Governor of Rajasthan for three years.
Taking a dig at the Bhartiya Janata Party, he said even though Bhairon Singh Shekhawat was its member, he did not want to contest the Presidential elections under the BJP banner and wanted to be an Independent.
Dr Singh began his 45-minute interaction, saying he attached great importance to the meeting as it was taking place in the year India would have its first woman President. “This meeting is a celebration of that year.” Women’s Bill
To a question on the Women’s Reservation Bill, Dr. Singh said the UPA Government would place it in Parliament as early as possible. In a coalition government, he could not have a situation in which his own Minister from another party would stand up and oppose the Bill. “Before politicians become statesmen, they have to remain in government longer,” he said with a smile.
On the relationship with the Left, which extends outside support to the government, Dr Singh said though the Congress was not well-equipped to handle the dynamics of coalition politics, it had not done badly. In the three years the Congress cohabited with the Left parties, there was “cooperative attitude.” With the rest of the parties, Cabinet meetings were held every week and these were smooth.
Dr. Singh took exception to recent comments by BJP leader L.K. Advani that he was a “handpicked Prime Minister.”
“The language used by Mr Advani is not healthy. We may differ, but we must learn to respect one another, and that is missing. That kind of situation is not good for the government and the principal Opposition party.”
On the economic front, Dr. Singh said India was poised to sustain a growth rate of 8-9 per cent. Agriculture was cause for concern and it would be addressed. Already a Rs 25,000-crore package was announced for States which came up with climate and region-specific, district schemes.
He, along with Agriculture Minister Sharad Pawar, would visit a few States to assess the progress on the farm front.
On the issue of fertile land coming under Special Economic Zones, Dr. Singh admitted that some mistakes were made in the past and said the government was mindful of the side-effects. “There was no developed country in the world that was not industrial. It should be done in a manner that the [urban-rural] gap was not widened and the dispossessed rural families acquired a stake in the new enterprise.”
The Prime Minister said the progress in various sectors was far from uniform. The priority in the next two years would be for health, education and agriculture.
On the recent clashes between Gujjars and Meenas in Rajasthan over reservation under the Scheduled Tribe category, he said there was no proposal to undertake a caste-based census.
Dr. Singh played down the arrival of the nuclear-powered American aircraft carrier USS Nimitz to the Chennai coast, saying it was an ordinary development. In the past naval ships from France, the United Kingdom and even China visited the Indian coast.
In a lighter vein, he said, “In fact, I came to know about it from the newspapers.” |
What Do You Have to Do to Get Your Indiana Real Estate License?
Did you know that a career in real estate is actually one of the highest-paying professions you can decide on? What’s even better is that you can become licensed and learn the trick of the trade in just months, or even weeks, if you’re a fast learner. If we’re talking on average, some of the most experienced real estate brokers can take home six figures. Getting your Indiana real estate license is your ticket to a new career or an advancement based on what you might already do.
What’s even better, although you would think housing markets across the country are reflecting the negative impact of COVID-19, Indiana’s housing market is going through a complete and novel boom that was unexpected given the state of the general country-wide economy.
With the right training and useful resources, you’ll be starting your new career in no time, but what exactly is the process? Keep reading as we go through everything you need to know about getting your Indiana real estate license.
What Are the Requirements and the Steps to Getting Your Indiana Real Estate License?
Starting your real estate career doesn’t have to be difficult. Understanding the requirements is the first step so let’s list them so that you can know if you are eligible to pursue professional licensing at this point.
You must be 18 years of age
You must possess either a high school diploma or a GED
A background check
90 hours of real estate education must be completed successfully
These four requirements are the basic boxes that should be checked before taking your real estate exam. Once you have successfully completed your education requirements, you can proceed by;
Taking and passing the Indiana Broker Real Estate Exam
Apply with a brokerage in Indiana
Take the broker licensing exam
Keep in mind that while these are 7 requirements, it won’t take long to complete all the prerequisite tasks before you can take the exam. You will have one year to complete and pass the real estate licensing exam after completing your Real Estate License education requirements.
How to Prepare for the Exam
Throughout your mandatory 90 hours of real estate education, you will learn the basics of the industry. Keep in mind that different states have different educational requirements for qualification. Some things will remain the same across different states. Some of those topics will be;
Home-ownership
Navigating contracts
Ethics of practice as a broker or an agent
What you need to know about fair housing laws
These are just a few of the topics that will be covered throughout your course. In general, for your Indiana real estate license exam in Indiana, you could expect between 100 and 150 questions. A 75% or higher will be required to pass the exam.
We want you to keep in mind that more than 50% of people that take this exam fail their first time taking it. One way to combat this is to go through practice questions and to have the right resources the first time. Not studying properly is one of the reasons for first-time failures.
Procrastinating, ignoring the need for study plans, and having bad prep materials will cause you to fail. Start off on the right track by taking preparation seriously.
What Will You Need to Bring on Test Day?
On test day, you’ll need a few things;
Proof of your age
Proof of successful completion of pre-licensing education
A copy of your high school diploma or GED
Your testing fee
Along with this, you should also prepare by getting enough rest and following general test-taking preparatory tactics such as having breakfast, coming prepared, and getting ready for the exam on time.
Indiana’s Real Estate Market: Your Chance to Make a Presence
Compared to last year, the price of homes in Indiana since August 2022 has gone up by 4%. Homes are selling at median prices of 163,000 and what’s better is that speaking on average, Indiana homes are selling after only 37 days on the market. That is a bit longer in comparison to homes selling in only 28 days last year, but real estate agents can easily change this for themselves.
The market right now is the perfect place for new agents to come in with confidence. What’s even better is that at least 82% of home buyers throughout Indiana want to stay or move within the metropolitan area of the state. This increases the opportunity for real estate agents to expand their portfolios.
Regardless of different migration trends throughout the state, the market is showing to be sustainable enough for sellers to turn a great profit leaving room for growth for agents.
It might also be beneficial to know that Indiana has remained a seller’s market since August of 2021. This means that the area has sustained this trend since last year, and the market is currently hot. This just means that the demand that buyers are presenting is exceeding the supply of homes in the area that are for sale.
Price trends are also a bit higher in some neighborhoods. This just leaves room for agents to step in and assist sellers in getting top dollar for their properties.
Preparation at Its Finest
If you’re ready to tap into a field that can support the lifestyle you want for yourself, the Indiana Real Estate Institute is where you get started. Here is where you will learn and then start your journey for the profession, continue to grow your skills, and build a foundation for something meaningful and lucrative.
If you’re ready to get your Indiana real estate license, get in touch with us today so we can start planning your new future.
Career Opportunities in Indiana Real Estate and How to Get Started There are a number of reasons someone might decide to embark on a career
Benefits to Taking an Online Indiana Real Estate Pre-Licensing Course Online courses have become more popular in recent years for students, offering a flexible way
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What Does it Take to Earn Your Indiana Real Estate License? We’ve all heard horror stories about how hard the real estate exam is. Many
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Shorts (2013)
Director: Neeraj Ghaywan, Siddharth Gupt, Rohit Pandey, Anirban Roy, Shlok Sharma
Summary: Shorts is a 2013 Hindi Drama film which is a compilation of five short films.It is directed by Neeraj Ghaywan, Vasan Bala, Anubhuti Kashyap, Shlok Sharma and Gitanjali Rao. The five short films are titled "Hidden Cricket", "Moi Murjani", "Epiphany", "Geek Out", and "Chai" and it is releasing July 12, 2013.
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by Indie | Jun 27, 2022 | Indie Films
Why are indie films becoming more popular? Indie films have become more popular in recent years. This is likely due to the fact that they offer a unique and different experience than mainstream films. Indie films are often made with a smaller budget, which allows for...
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Top 10 Mistakes Indie Filmmakers Should Avoid We know it can be difficult to get your film noticed. You’ve worked so hard on this project, and you want the world to see it! But there are some common mistakes that many filmmakers make when they’re trying to promote...
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Tips For Decorating Your Indie Studio For A Modern Touch The look or appearance of your indie studio is critical in creating a good first impression in your clients, especially those walking in for the first time. Your business is a true reflection of you. So… Make...
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6 Forms of Entertainment to Include in Your Indie Studio Indie music and films have evolved over the years to take various forms. Derived from the term “independent”, indie is a record label that operates independent from mainstream commercial record companies. Today,...
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Innergex acquires a 40.6 MW Hydro facility in Quebec and closes a $123.7 million private placement of common shares |
Section: Politics
Kicked upstairs
There’s got to be a better way!
Commentators still in Dickensian era
No tax cuts – rebuild society
Launching the … Free for All Party
And so it came to pass, there were MPs without a party and a party without MPs. This is not a new story, but has
Self-immolation: the loneliest road
The act of political self-immolation is not particularly unusual. It might be argued, in fact, that it is common. Certainly, for example, more than one
Labour’s biggest privatisation since the 1980s
There was no fanfare when the latest figures for the state house waiting list were revealed this week. The figures are published quarterly with the
A new government model for Southland?
The Southland District Council is one of seventy-eight councils in New Zealand. In 2002 the Labour-led Government rewrote local government legislation, to streamline the Local
The online book Oat the Goat teaches young children about the power of kindness and teaches the skills that prevent bullying. Perhaps all MPs should
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I was a victim of bullying at school. I had a LOT of problems (child of out-of-control alcoholic family sent to boarding school at age |
THERE WERE FEW BETTER AT MONEY LAUNDERING THAN THE BRAZILIAN DARIO MESSER
Home ᐳ News ᐳ Brief ᐳ Honduran Police Responsible for 149 Deaths in 2 Years: Report
A Honduran police officer
Honduran Police Responsible for 149 Deaths in 2 Years: Report
HONDURAS / 4 DEC 2012 BY JAMES BARGENT EN
A new report shows 149 people have died at the hands of the Honduran police in the last 23 months, highlighting the urgent need for reform efforts, which are currently being challenged by the Supreme Court.
The report, released on December 1, was compiled by the Violence Observatory at the National Autonomous University of Honduras and implicated police officials from commissioners to agents, according to La Prensa. The majority of the victims were aged between 24 and 34 years old, the Observatory found.
The report comes less than a week after the Constitutional Branch of the Honduran Supreme Court declared a police cleanup law unconstitutional.
The law, which went into force June 2012, forced police officers to undergo a series of confidence tests -- including lie detector and drugs tests -- and allowed for their dismissal if they failed. The court ruled against the law as it did not offer accused officers the recourse to appeal. However, as the decision was not unanimous, the case will now pass to the full Supreme Court.
Julieta Castellanos, the president of the National Autonomous University, presented the report and used the release to call on the court to reverse the decision. "We want those who oppose the cleanup law to explain to us what right they have to make these decisions while the country’s citizens are defenseless," she said.
Four police officers were charged with the murder of Castellanos' son and a friend in October 2011.
The Constitutional Branch's ruling dismissing the cleanup law was based on valid concerns, especially given allegations that the law was being used by high-ranking police chiefs to remove political rivals and personal enemies rather than removing corrupt elements in earnest.
However, the new report once again underscores the dire state of the Honduran police force -- widely renowned as one of the most corrupt police forces in the region and has deep ties to organized crime -- and the urgency with which reform measures should be undertaken. If the full Supreme Court upholds the ruling against the cleanup law, it is uncertain how the state would proceed with any future purge measures.
For now, President Porfirio Lobo has declared that reforms will continue despite the ruling, calling the institution an "enemy" of Honduras, reported La Tribuna.
HONDURAS POLICE REFORM
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Home ᐳ News ᐳ Brief ᐳ Zetas Leader’s Conviction Shows Long Arm of US Law
Zetas Leader’s Conviction Shows Long Arm of US Law
MEXICO / 20 JUL 2016 BY MIKE LASUSA EN
A federal jury in Texas convicted a former Zetas leader of multiple crimes committed in Mexico, underscoring a broader trend of the United States prosecuting foreign suspects for crimes committed abroad.
On July 19, the Texas jury found Marciano Millán Vázquez (alias "Chano") guilty on charges that included murder in furtherance of a drug trafficking conspiracy, distributing drugs outside the United States intending that they be imported to the United States, and making a false statement to a federal official.
According to evidence presented during the two-week trial, Vázquez served as a "sicario," or hit man, for the Zetas from around 2009 until 2013, when he became the "plaza boss" of Piedras Negras, a strategically important drug trafficking corridor on the Texas border in the Mexican state of Coahuila.
SEE ALSO: Zetas News and Profiles
During the trial, prosecutors argued that Vázquez oversaw the trafficking of more than 1 metric ton of drugs into the United States in his role as plaza boss.
They also accused him of involvement in the murders of dozens of people, including a particularly brutal incident in which Vázquez allegedly dismembered a young girl and her mother in front of the girl's father, telling the man, "so you'll remember me."
As InSight Crime previously reported, US officials also argued that Vázquez participated in the Zetas' March 2011 "cleansing" of hundreds of people in the town of Allende, Coahuila.
In a press statement, Joseph M. Arabit, the Special Agent in Charge of the Drug Enforcement Administration's Houston Division, said that Vázquez 's conviction "sends a strong message that violent drug traffickers who prey on our citizens will be held accountable for the crimes they have committed."
The successful prosecution of Vázquez in a US court fits into a broader pattern of the US government charging and trying foreigners inside the United States for crimes committed abroad. Many of the most prominent examples of this trend have involved terrorism suspects, but the tactic is also being used with increased frequency in organized crime cases.
The indictments brought by US federal prosecutors against suspects in the corruption scandal at the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA) illustrate this dynamic. Numerous defendants from various countries across the Americas were charged last year with participating in a scheme that involved sports media and marketing companies paying bribes to FIFA officials in exchange for help securing rights to broadcast and promote soccer games.
Although much of the alleged criminal activity in the FIFA scandal involved foreign suspects and took place outside the United States, the US Justice Department has argued that it has jurisdiction to prosecute the defendants because some of the alleged bribes flowed through the US financial system and some of the meetings among the suspects took place in the United States.
SEE ALSO: Coverage of Soccer Crime
The case of the notorious Sinaloa Cartel kingpin Joaquin "El Chapo" Guzmán is a prominent example of a foreign suspect initially being charged in the United States for crimes committed abroad. Federal prosecutors in the Eastern District of New York originally charged El Chapo with international drug trafficking and the murder of Mexican citizens.
At the time these charges were brought against El Chapo, InSight Crime raised the possibility that the New York prosecutors would have difficulty securing the drug lord's conviction for murder. Prosecutors have since dropped the murder charges, in part due to concerns over jurisdiction. However, the successful prosecution in Texas of the Zetas' leader Vázquez suggests that arguing such cases is feasible, and it could become a more common practice in the future.
MEXICO US/MEXICO BORDER ZETAS
Is the MS13 in Honduras Expanding its Role in the Regional Drug Trade?
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Home Life Insurance What Age is Best For Getting Life Insurance?
What Age is Best For Getting Life Insurance?
Life Insurance admin · January 1, 2023 · 0 Comment
If you’re looking to get life insurance, there are some questions you might ask yourself. You might wonder, “How much is life insurance?” and “What age is best for getting life insurance?”
When buying life insurance, it is important to consider how much coverage you need. You want to make sure that your policy will cover your family’s financial needs and dependents, as well as any outstanding debts. The cost of a life insurance policy is based on your health, your age, and how much coverage you need. If you are in good health, you may qualify for a lower premium.
Buying a term life insurance policy can help you protect your family in the event that you pass away. It is also an affordable option. However, the cost will increase as you get older. For this reason, it is important to purchase your policy when you are young. Fortunately, you can shop for life insurance online for free. By comparing quotes, you can make sure that you are getting the best deal.
Term life insurance can be purchased for a few dollars per month. This makes it an ideal way to keep your family protected when you are still young. Many companies will allow you to convert your term life policy to a permanent one later. Some even offer an annual renewable term. An annual renewable term guarantees you will be able to renew your coverage each year.
Term life insurance is generally sold in lengths of 10, 20, 25, or 30 years. Depending on your financial situation, you may need a longer or shorter duration. A 30-year term may be perfect for someone who is just buying their first home or has a mortgage to repay. On the other hand, a 10-year term may be better for someone who is nearing retirement.
You can always cancel your policy without penalty if you no longer need it. Keep in mind, however, that your coverage should last as long as you have dependents. In addition to covering your family’s financial needs, a good policy should also cover your funeral costs.
Term life is the most inexpensive type of life insurance. There are several options, but most people buy level term. Level term means that you receive the same amount of death benefit at the beginning and end of the term. While this is the most common type of term, some companies will offer additional 5-year increments up to 35 years.
Getting a term life policy at an early age can be a great way to save money and get the most coverage for your money. Purchasing a 30-year term insurance policy at thirty can be like locking in a thirty-year fixed-rate mortgage when rates are incredibly low.
The best age to purchase a term life policy is between the ages of twenty and thirty. The cheapest and most affordable life policies are typically bought by younger people. Because of this, there are more no exam options available for those in their younger years.
Questions to ask when getting life insurance
When getting life insurance, you want to know that you are making a wise choice for your family. Life insurance can be a great way to ensure that your loved ones are taken care of if you die prematurely. You can also use the policy as a way to leave a financial legacy.
A life insurance agent can help you select the right policy for your needs. Depending on your current situation, they may even recommend a policy that can be used in the event of a terminal illness. For example, if you are a business owner and your employees are your livelihood, you might need an insurance policy to cover the loss of their income if you pass away.
Buying a life insurance policy isn’t an easy task. In most cases, you need to fill out an application and undergo a medical exam. Additionally, you need to choose between a fully underwritten or a non-medical life insurance policy. Generally, you should consider the company’s reputation when choosing the best one for your situation.
The most basic question is, how much do you need? Once you have a good idea of what you need, it’s time to pick the best policy for your family. Remember to ask the salesperson if there are any special incentives or discounts available to you. Also, you should be aware of the policy’s cash value. Some companies offer a cash value growth potential feature that can boost your retirement income.
There are many different policies to choose from, so it’s not uncommon to come across a policy that has more benefits than you can imagine. However, if you are interested in protecting your family’s future, the best way to do so is to make sure that you have enough money saved up to pay for your last wishes.
One of the easiest ways to tell if you have a suitable life insurance policy is to check out your statements and get a recent statement. While you’re at it, ask your insurance provider if they can offer a free review of your policy. That way, you can find out if you’re getting enough coverage or if you should buy a larger policy.
Aside from knowing how much coverage you need, you should also consider whether you’re ready to buy a life insurance policy. Some people don’t buy a policy because they believe it to be too expensive. If you’re still uncertain, you can find out about discounted rates and other perks by talking to an independent insurance agent.
Before you purchase a policy, be sure to look over all the benefits it can provide your loved ones. In fact, some of the more interesting benefits of a life insurance policy include income replacement and long-term care protection. It can also cover final expenses.
Cost of life insurance based on age
The cost of life insurance can vary greatly, depending on a number of factors. Among the most important are the amount of coverage required, your age, and your health. Life insurance companies charge higher premiums for people who are older and more likely to have a health problem in the future. You should consider getting a life insurance policy as early as possible to get a better rate.
In general, younger people tend to pay less for life insurance. If you are in great health, you may be able to get a lower premium. On the other hand, if you have a pre-existing health condition, you may not be able to afford a life insurance policy.
Another factor that can be a major factor in the cost of life insurance is the type of policy you choose. You can choose from term life, whole life, or both. Whole life will have a higher premium, and a term policy will have a fixed premium for the entire length of the policy. Term life is typically used when you are younger and can lock in a low premium. However, you will not be able to carry this policy once you leave your job.
For example, a 20-year-old can expect to pay roughly $400 a year for life insurance. By comparison, a 55-year-old would have to shell out more than $900 per year for the same amount of protection. That’s a big difference, and one that can make a real difference in your pocketbook.
It’s also possible to buy a life insurance policy when you’re young and healthy, but that doesn’t mean you’ll be paying less. Many insurers require a medical exam for older applicants, which could include blood work and a resting EKG. This is to ensure that you don’t have any underlying health issues that would increase your risk of death.
In fact, some insurers decline coverage to older applicants who are not in good health. This is because the cost of providing a life insurance policy is based on the likelihood that the insured will die while the policy is in force.
Although the average cost of life insurance is not a reliable measure of how much you’ll pay, it can be a good indicator of how much you’ll have to spend. Some insurance companies offer “pre-qualified” quotes. These are not binding and can change as your underwriting progresses. When you do get an official quote, you can then compare it to what you’ve been quoted by other companies.
The best way to determine the actual cost of life insurance is to get a quote and then compare it. You’ll want to choose the type of insurance that’s right for you and your family. As long as you are in good health and don’t have any medical problems, you should be able to get a good rate.
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The east Midlands and East Anglia
Viking-Age settlement in the east Midlands is often interpreted with reference to the establishment of the Danish 'Five Boroughs'. After the foundation of the Danelaw in AD 886, the east Midland towns of Derby, Leicester, Nottingham and Stamford (together with Lincoln) became known as Scandinavian strongholds, and they might therefore seem appropriate places to survey portable material culture in diachronic perspective. Unfortunately the author was able to identify few combs from these key settlements. At Leicester at least, the explanation is likely to lie in the lack of preserved or excavated Late Saxon deposits from the city (Courtney 1998, 137). The county's rural settlements and cemeteries (such as Derbyshire's well-known 'Great Army' sites at Repton (Biddle and Kjølbye-Biddle 1992) and Heath Wood (Richards 2004) have thus far also failed to add significantly to the corpus. This region must remain an area for future study.
In Cambridgeshire, the situation is also a little opaque. Key pre-Viking evidence comes from early medieval gravefields: excavations at the cemetery at Burwell (Lethbridge 1931) recovered combs of Type 2b, but soil conditions at Shudy Camps were not conducive to the preservation of bone objects (Lethbridge 1936, 27), and the author has been unable to find sufficient published material to characterise the corpus accurately. Still further east, the settlements of East Anglia provide a considerable quantity of comb material for consideration. For the early Anglo-Saxon period, the site of West Stow in Suffolk is, of course, key (West 1985), and combs here include Types 1a, 2b, 10, 11, and 12. Double-sided forms dominate in 6th- and 7th-century phases, as was the case at Cleatham, Lincolnshire (Leahy 2007).
At the Middle Saxon minster site of North Elmham, Norfolk (Wade-Martin 1980, 485-87), the small collection of combs is interesting in that it is dominated by combs of Type 3 (including examples of both 'southern' slotted-tine and 'northern' bone-plated variants). For the later period, settlements at Thetford, Norwich, and Ipswich are of interest, and though the Ipswich material is not yet fully published, types present there include 5 and 6 (I. Riddler pers. comm.). Thetford provides a large collection of combs dated to the Viking Age, including a number of examples of Type 7 and a considerable quantity of Type 4 riveted mounts (Rogerson and Dallas 1984; Riddler 2004a; Riddler 2006b, 273). Much of the Norwich material comes from medieval levels, and consists of Type 14b combs (e.g. Margeson 2002, fig. 8: 10, 11), though fragmentary examples of Types 4, 5, 7, and indeterminate single-sided forms have been recovered (e.g. Margeson 2002, fig. 8:9; Huddle 2006). In all, East Anglia provides some of the richest comb material in the British Isles, but has yet to be synthesised within the wider corpus.
The comments facility has now been turned off.
Any information regarding recently excavated comb material (or manufacturing waste) from the East Midlands (particularly the 'Five Borough' towns) would be of great interest to the author. Steve Ashby
© Internet Archaeology/Author(s)
University of York legal statements | Terms and Conditions | File last updated: Tue Sep 20 2011 |
Prosthetics and orthotics — Functional deficiencies — Description of the person to be treated with an orthosis, clinical objectives of treatment, and functional requirements of the orthosis
ISO 8551:2003 establishes a method of describing the person to be treated with an orthosis, the clinical objectives of treatment and the functional requirements of the orthosis.
: ISO/TC 168 Prosthetics and orthotics
11.040.40 Implants for surgery, prosthetics and orthotics |
Tag Archives: Cannabis
Is Jamaica’s New Year’s Resolution to Decriminalize Ganja?
BY AMANDA ELIZABETH PRESTON- The recent U.S. midterm elections gained attention from an unlikely source in the Caribbean Sea. Members of the Jamaican Government and Cannabis Commercial and Medicinal Research Task Force have praised residents of Oregon, Alaska, and Washington, D.C., for voting to legalize recreational marijuana use and possession. Proponents for the decriminalization of marijuana […]
This entry was posted in IALR Posts and tagged Amanda Preston, Cannabis, Carribean, Decriminalize, Drug Policy, Ganja, Hemp, IALR, Inter-American Law Review, Jamaica, Marijuana, Miami, MiamiLaw, War on Drugs on November 13, 2014 by fvalle. Leave a response |
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Q4/2018 - G7 Multistakeholder Conference on Artificial Intelligence
Montreal, 6 December 2018
The decision to hold the Multistakeholder Conference on Artificial Intelligence had been made at the G7 Summit in Charlevoix in June 2018 under Canadian G7 chairmanship. In June 2018, Canada and France had founded a Group of Experts that had prepared discussion papers on the four central topics of the multistakeholder conference – future of work, social responsibility, the role of artificial intelligence for sustainable development and removing barriers to innovation:
The aim of the one-day high-calibre conference was not to compile a joint document. The primary goal was to approach a topic that was relatively new in the political field in a qualified and structured way. The four position papers and the detailed conference report including about 200 recommendations for furture activities (on more than 100 pages) provide a good basis for continuing the work under French G7 chairmanship, which will start on 1 January 2019. The French President Emmanuel Macron has already declared that he will put a special focus on the issue of artificial intelligence. At the end of the conference in Montreal, the Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau announced the formation of an “International Panel on Artificial Intelligence”. The panel is planned to take up work in spring 2019. Who is going to sit on it is not yet known. The following topics will be on the panel’s agenda:
Data Collection and Access
Data Control and Privacy
Trust in AI
Acceptance and Adoption of AI
Governance, Laws and Justice
Responsible AI and Human Rights
Equity, Responsibility and Public Good |
Nobel Laureate says Social Media Threatening Press Freedom.
Written by News Room on May 4, 2022
A Philippine journalist and Nobel Peace Prize laureate, Maria Ressa has said that the rise of social media has allowed dangerous propaganda to flourish and left professional journalists facing constant threat of attack.
Ressa told the media in an interview, that the situation for media workers around the world at the moment is bleak, noting that much of the blame lies with the dramatic shift in the way information is distributed.
Speaking on the sidelines of an event in Geneva to mark World Press Freedom Day, the 58-year-old co-founder of the news website Rappler highlighted how social media had made it far easier to spread propaganda, reject facts and change historical realities.
Ressa said it was unfair that the journalists were being asked to sacrifice so much, urging governments and the global community to step up and regulate the technologies that have transformed the information society.
United Nations Secretary-General, Antonio Guterres proposes reintegration of repentant terrorists to ensure absolute return of peace in Nigeria’s north-east region.
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College of Education, Open and Distance Learning
Bachelor Degree in Primary Education
Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12306/2749
Title: Cultural Practices And Social Ecology Of Teachers In Primary Schools In Butebo County, Pallisa District, Uganda.
Authors: Mutasa, Moses
Keywords: Cultural Practices
Social Ecology
Butebo County
Publisher: Kampala International University, College of Education, Open & Distance Learning
Abstract: This study is attempted to correlate the level of cultural practices and social ecology in Butebo County. A descriptive study was conducted at 20 primary schools with a sample population of 120 primary teachers as respondents of the research study. The study attempted to; determine the profile of the respondents in terms of age, gender, marital status and level of education, identify the teachers’ culturally relevant belief systems affect the underlying expectations of their student’s performances, determine the level of social ecology in terms of social skill, social knowledge, and cultural competency of teachers in the teaching profession and establish if there is a significant relationship between school cultural practices and the social ecology of teachers. A Qualitative and Quantative method of data collection, including a questionnaire, was the main research instrument used. The findings showed that there was a significant relationship between school cultural practices and social ecology of teachers in the 20 primary schools covered by this study. The study recommended that Educators must have a comprehensive understanding of what “school culture” is and Schools need tools for developing and assessing school culture, and must be held accountable for their school cultures.
Description: A Research Report Submitted To The College Of Education Open And Distance Learning In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements For The Degree Bachelor Of Primary Education (Science) Of Kampala International University
Appears in Collections: Bachelor Degree in Primary Education
img00897.pdf full text 4.96 MB Adobe PDF |
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Loss
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders Equity
ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Tables)
ACQUISITION (Tables)
DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS (Tables)
INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Tables)
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Schedule of Fair Value Assets (Details)
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - - Schedule of Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share (Details)
ACQUISITION - Schedule of Business Acquisition Pro Forma Information (Details)
DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS - Schedule of Assets and Liabilities (Details)
DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS - Schedule Discontinued Operations (Details)
INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Schedule of Intangible Assets (Details)
INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Schedule of Amortization Expense (Details)
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - Schedule of Outstanding Warrants (Details)
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - Schedule of Outstanding Options (Details)
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - Schedule of Future Lease Payments (Details)
INCOME TAXES - Effective tax rate and statutory federal rate (Details)
INCOME TAXES - Effective tax rate and statutory federal rate, percentage (Details)
INCOME TAXES - Deferred tax asset (Details)
ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS (Details Narrative)
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Details Narrative)
ACQUISITION (Details Narrative)
INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Details Narrative)
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Details Narrative)
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Details Narrative 1)
INCOME TAXES (Details Narrative)
Basis of Presentation and Principle of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”) and present the consolidated financial statements of the Company and its wholly owned and majority owned subsidiaries as of December 31, 2013. In the preparation of consolidated financial statements of the Company, intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated.
Development Stage Company in Prior Years
Prior to 2013, the Company was a development stage company in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 915,” Development Stage Entities.” During that time, the prior management spent time organizing the business, developing plans, working to raise capital and undertook limited activities in several different businesses but did not generate revenue or profits from those businesses and did not build a significant, sustainable level of operations in any particular business.
In November 2012, the situation changed with the Company by making the decision to enter the business of acquiring patents and patent rights and monetizing the value of those assets through a plan of engaging in multiple enforcement campaigns, acquired an initial portfolio of patents, hired new executive management experienced in the patent monetization business, and commenced operations in that business. During 2013, the Company continued to execute its plan, acquired eight additional portfolios, including two from its enforcement activities, generated revenue from that business in each of the last three quarters aggregating to $3,418,371 (including the value of the two portfolios from its enforcement activities), built out its management team for sustained operations, and raised $5,777,506 of new capital. As a result of this operating performance, management believes that during the fourth quarter of 2013, the Company emerged from being a development stage company and became an established company. Accordingly, the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2013 are presented as those of an operating company.
The Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments and other short-term investments with maturity of three months or less, when purchased, to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains cash and cash equivalent balances at one financial institution that is insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. The Company’s account at this institution is insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") up to $250,000. For the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company’s bank balances exceeded the FDIC insurance limit. To reduce its risk associated with the failure of such financial institution, the Company evaluates at least annually the rating of the financial institution in which it holds deposits.
Use of Estimates and Assumptions
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates made by management include, but are not limited to, the assumptions used to calculate fair value of warrants and options granted, common stock issued for services, and common stock issued in connection with an option agreement and common stock issued for the acquisition of patents.
The Company has a policy of reserving for accounts based on its best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in its existing accounts receivable. The Company periodically reviews its accounts receivable to determine whether an allowance is necessary based on an analysis of past due accounts and other factors that may indicate that the realization of an account may be in doubt. Account balances deemed to be uncollectible are charged to the bad debt expense after all means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote. At December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company had recorded an allowance for bad debts in the amount of $57,050 and $0, respectively. Net accounts receivable at December 31, 2013 and 2012, were $270,000 and $0, respectively.
Concentration of revenue and geographic area
Revenue from the Company’s patent enforcement activities is considered United States revenue as any payments for licenses included in that revenue are for United States operations irrespective of the location of the licensee's or licensee's parent home domicile.
As of December 31, 2013, two customers accounted for 100% of the Company’s net accounts receivable. Revenues from two customers accounted for approximately 55% of the Company’s revenue for the year ended December 31, 2013. There were no revenues in 2012. The Company derived these revenues from the one-time issuance of non-recurring, non-exclusive, non-assignable licenses to two different entities and their affiliates for certain of the Company’s patents. While the Company has a growing portfolio of patents, at this time, the Company expects that a significant portion of its future revenues will be based on one-time grants of similar non-recurring, non-exclusive, non-assignable licenses to a relatively small number of entities and their affiliates. Further, with the expected small number of firms with which the Company enters into license agreements, and the amount and timing of such license agreements, the Company also expects that its revenues may be highly variable from one period to the next.
At the current time, we define customers as firms that take licenses to the Company’s patents, either prior to or during enforcement litigation. These firms generally enter into non-recurring, non-exclusive, non-assignable license agreements with the Company, and these customers do not generally engage on ongoing, recurring business activity with the Company. The Company has historically had a small number of customers enter into such agreements, resulting in higher levels of revenue concentration.
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 605, “Revenue Recognition”. Revenue is recognized when (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) all obligations have been substantially performed, (iii) amounts are fixed or determinable and (iv) collectability of amounts is reasonably assured.
The Company considers the revenue generated from its settlement and licensing agreements as one unit of accounting under ASC 605-25, “Multiple-Element Arrangements” as the delivered items do not have value to customers on a standalone basis, there are no undelivered elements and there is no general right of return relative to the license. Under ASC 605-25, the appropriate recognition of revenue is determined for the combined deliverables as a single unit of accounting and revenue is recognized upon delivery of the final elements, including the license for past and future use and the release.
Also, due to the fact that the settlement element and license element for past and future use are the Company’s major central business, the Company presents these two elements as one revenue category in its statement of operations. The Company does not expect to provide licenses that do not provide some form of settlement or release. Revenue from patent enforcement activities accounted for 100% of the Company’s revenues for the year ended December 31, 2013.
Prepaid expenses of $752,931 and $40,333 at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, consist primarily of costs paid for future services that will occur within a year. Prepaid expenses include prepayments in cash and in equity instruments for investor relations public relations services, business advisory, other consulting and prepaid insurance, all of which assets are being amortized over the terms of their respective agreements.
Marketable securities that the Company invests in publicly traded equity securities and are generally restricted for sale under Federal securities laws. The Company’s policy is to liquidate securities received when market conditions are favorable for sale. Since these securities are often restricted, the Company is unable to liquidate them until the restriction is removed. Pursuant to ASC Topic 320, “Investments –Debt and Equity Securities” the Company’s marketable securities have a readily determinable and active quoted price, such as from NASDAQ, NYSE Euronext, the Over the Counter Bulletin Board, and the OTC Markets Group.
Available for sale securities are carried at fair value, with changes in unrealized gains or losses are recognized as an element of comprehensive income based on changes in the fair value of the security. Once liquidated, realized gains or losses on the sale of marketable securities - available for sale, are reflected in the net income (loss) for the period in which the security was liquidated.
Related Party Transaction
Parties are considered to be related to the Company if the parties, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, control, are controlled by, or are under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. The Company discloses all related party transactions.
On November 14, 2012, upon the closing of the Sampo Share Exchange, LVL Patent Group LLC, in which Mr. Croxall, our Chief Executive Officer, was also the Chief Executive Officer of LVL Patent Group LLC. and John Stetson, were former members of Sampo, received 307,692 and 38,461 shares of the Company’s common stock, respectively, in connection with the Sampo Share Exchange.
On May 13, 2013, we entered into a six year advisory services agreement (the "Advisory Services Agreement") with IP Navigation Group, LLC, of which Erich Spangenberg is Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Spangenberg is an affiliate of the Company. The terms of the Advisory Services Agreement provides that, in consideration for its services as intellectual property licensing agent, the Company will pay to IP Navigation Group, LLC 10-20% of the gross proceeds of certain licensing campaigns in which IP Navigation Group, LLC acts as intellectual property licensing agent. The Advisory Services Agreement with IP Navigation Group, LLC is filed herewith as Exhibit 10.62, and incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-05 amends Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Codification Topic 220 on comprehensive income (1) to eliminate the current option to present the components of other comprehensive income (loss) in the statement of changes in equity, and (2) to require presentation of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss) (and their respective components) either in a single continuous statement or in two separate but consecutive statements. These amendments do not alter any current recognition or measurement requirements in respect of items of other comprehensive income. The amendments in this Update are to be applied prospectively.
The Company adopted FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”), for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. ASC 820 establishes a common definition for fair value to be applied to existing US GAAP that require the use of fair value measurements, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure about such fair value measurements. The adoption of ASC 820 did not have an impact on the Company’s financial position or operating results, but did expand certain disclosures. ASC 820 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Additionally, ASC 820 requires the use of valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. These inputs are prioritized below:
Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
Level 2: Observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data
Level 3:
Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, which require the use of the reporting entity’s own assumptions.
Investment measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2013:
Fair Value Measurements Using:
Quoted Prices
in Active
(Level 1)
Marketable securities – available for sale, net of discount for effect of market illiquidity. $ - $ - $ 6,250
Marketable securities – available for sale, net of discount for effect of the lack of registration of the securities $ - $ - $ 12,500
At December 31, 2013, the Company classifies the investments in marketable securities available for sale as Level 3, adjusted for the effect of market illiquidity. The securities could not readily be resold by the Company without adversely affecting the market price of the security. At December 31, 2012, the Company classified the investments in marketable securities available for sale as Level 3, adjusted for the lack of registration of the securities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) or the availabilities of an exemption from the registration requirements under the Securities Act. Until such time as the securities are registered or until such restriction otherwise lapses, the Company is unable to sell them in the market. Unrealized gains or losses on marketable securities available for sale are recognized as an element of comprehensive income based on changes in the fair value of the security. Once liquidated, realized gains or losses on the sale of marketable securities available for sale are reflected in our net income for the period in which the security was liquidated.
The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, and accrued expenses, approximate their estimated fair market value based on the short-term maturity of these assets and liabilities..
In addition, FASB ASC 825-10-25 “Fair Value Option” was effective for January 1, 2008. ASC 825-10-25 expands opportunities to use fair value measurements in financial reporting and permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value.
The Company has recorded unrealized loss of $6,250 as an element of comprehensive income during the year ended December 31, 2013.
In July 2013, the Company assigned its rights and interest in a mining lease agreement to an unrelated company. In consideration for the assignment of lease agreement, the unrelated company issued 1,293,967 of its shares (the “Unrelated Company Shares”) to the Company. At the time of issuance, the Company valued the Unrelated Company Shares and recorded the cost of investment at the fair market value (based on the sale of its shares in a private placement) of the shares at $0.13 per share or $168,216 and was recorded as a gain from sale of assets of discontinued operations (see Note 4) during the year ended December 31, 2013. In September 2013, the Company sold the Unrelated Company Shares and generated proceeds of $129,397. The decrease in fair value of $38,819 has been recorded as a realized loss in the statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2013.
Accounting for Acquisitions
In the normal course of its business, the Company makes acquisitions of patent assets and may also make acquisitions of businesses. With respect to each such transaction, the Company evaluates facts of the transaction and follows the guidelines prescribed in accordance with ASC 805 – Business Combinations to determine the proper accounting treatment for each such transaction and then records the transaction in accordance with the conclusions reached in such analysis. The Company performs such analysis with respect to each material acquisition within the consolidated group of entities.
The Company accounts for income taxes pursuant to the provision of ASC 740-10, “Accounting for Income Taxes” which requires, among other things, an asset and liability approach to calculating deferred income taxes. The asset and liability approach requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities. A valuation allowance is provided to offset any net deferred tax assets for which management believes it is more likely than not that the net deferred asset will not be realized.
The Company follows the provision of the ASC 740-10 related to Accounting for Uncertain Income Tax Position. When tax returns are filed, it is highly certain that some positions taken would be situated upon examination by the taxing authorities, while others are subject to uncertainty about the merits of the position taken or the amount of the position that would be ultimately sustained. In accordance with the guidance of ASC 740-10, the benefit of a tax position is recognized in the financial statements in the period during which, based on all available evidence, management believes it is most likely that not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including the resolution of appeals or litigation processes, if any. Tax positions taken are not offset or aggregated with other positions.
Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement with the applicable taxing authority. The portion of the benefits associated with tax positions taken that exceeds the amount measured as described above should be reflected as a liability for uncertain tax benefits in the accompanying balance sheet along with any associated interest and penalties that would be payable to the taxing authorities upon examination. The Company believes its tax positions are all highly certain of being upheld upon examination. As such, the Company has not recorded a liability for uncertain tax benefits.
The Company has adopted ASC 740-10-25 Definition of Settlement, which provides guidance on how an entity should determine whether a tax position is effectively settled for the purpose of recognizing previously unrecognized tax benefits and provides that a tax position can be effectively settled upon the completion and examination by a taxing authority without being legally extinguished. For tax position considered effectively settled, an entity would recognize the full amount of tax benefit, even if the tax position is not considered more likely that not to be sustained based solely on the basis of its technical merits and the statute of limitations remains open. The federal and state income tax returns of the Company are subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service and state taxing authorities, generally for three years after they were filed.
Basic and Diluted Net Loss per Share
Net loss per common share is calculated in accordance with ASC Topic 260: Earnings Per Share (“ASC 260”). Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The computation of diluted net loss per share does not include dilutive common stock equivalents in the weighted average shares outstanding as they would be anti-dilutive. As of December 31, 2013, the Company has 708,260 warrants outstanding and 1,338,076 common stock purchase options outstanding, all of which were excluded from the computation of diluted shares outstanding as they would have had an anti-dilutive impact on the Company’s net loss per share computation. In addition, as of December 31, 2013, the Company has outstanding a Restricted Stock Unit (“RSU”) for 100,000 shares of common stock, which RSU is also not included in the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted loss per share:
For the year ended
Loss from continuing operations $ (3,713,795 ) $ (5,527,637 )
Income (loss) from discontinued operations $ 263,460 $ (1,410,671 )
Denominator for basic and diluted loss per share (weighted-average shares) 4,604,193 2,787,593
Income (loss) per common share, basic and diluted:
Loss from continuing operations $ (0.81 ) $ (1.98 )
Income (loss) from discontinued operations $ 0.06 $ (0.51 )
Intangible assets include patents purchased and patents acquired in lieu of cash in licensing transactions. The patents purchased are recorded based on the cost to acquire them and patents acquired in lieu of cash are recorded at their fair market value. The costs of these assets are amortized over their remaining useful lives. Useful lives of intangible assets are periodically evaluated for reasonableness and the assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may no longer be recoverable.
Goodwill and other intangible assets
In accordance with ASC 350-30-65, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Others”, the Company assesses the impairment of identifiable intangibles whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors the Company considers to be important which could trigger an impairment review include the following:
1. Significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results;
2. Significant changes in the manner of use of the acquired assets or the strategy for the overall business; and
3. Significant negative industry or economic trends.
When the Company determines that the carrying value of intangibles may not be recoverable based upon the existence of one or more of the above indicators of impairment and the carrying value of the asset cannot be recovered from projected undiscounted cash flows, the Company records an impairment charge.
The Company measures any impairment based on a projected discounted cash flow method using a discount rate determined by management to be commensurate with the risk inherent in the current business model. Significant management judgment is required in determining whether an indicator of impairment exists and in projecting cash flows.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets
The Company accounts for the impairment or disposal of long-lived assets according to the ASC 360 “Property, Plant and Equipment”. The Company continually monitors events and changes in circumstances that could indicate that the carrying amounts of long-lived assets, including mineral rights, may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated future net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. When necessary, impaired assets are written down to their estimated fair value based on the best information available. Estimated fair value is generally based on either appraised value or measured by discounting estimated future cash flows. Considerable management judgment is necessary to estimate discounted future cash flows. Accordingly, actual results could vary significantly from such estimates. The Company recognizes an impairment loss when the sum of expected undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset. The Company recorded impairment charges on its long-lived assets of $0 during the year ended December 31, 2013 and $1,256,000 during the year ended December 31, 2012, which impairment charge was included in loss from discontinued operations.
Stock-based compensation is accounted for based on the requirements of the Share-Based Payment Topic of ASC 718, which requires recognition in the consolidated financial statements of the cost of employee and director services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments over the period the employee or director is required to perform the services in exchange for the award (presumptively, the vesting period). The ASC also requires measurement of the cost of employee and director services received in exchange for an award based on the grant-date fair value of the award.
Pursuant to ASC Topic 505-50, for share-based payments to consultants and other third-parties, compensation expense is determined at the “measurement date.” The expense is recognized over the vesting period of the award. Until the measurement date is reached, the total amount of compensation expense remains uncertain. The Company initially records compensation expense based on the fair value of the award at the reporting date.
Mineral Property Acquisition and Exploration Costs
Costs of lease, exploration, carrying and retaining unproven mineral lease properties were expensed as incurred. The Company expensed all mineral exploration costs as incurred. Such expenses are included in the loss from discontinued operations and prior periods have been restated in the Company’s financial statements and related footnotes to conform to this presentation. In June 2012, the Company discontinued its exploration stage gold and minerals business and currently does not hold any mining claims.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In April 2013, the FASB ASU 2013-07, “Presentation of Financial Statements: Topic Liquidation Basis of Accounting”. ASU 2013-07 requires an entity to prepare its financial statements using the liquidation basis of accounting when liquidation is imminent. Liquidation is considered imminent when the likelihood is remote that the organization will return from liquidation and either: (a) a plan for liquidation is approved by the person or persons with the authority to make such a plan effective and the likelihood is remote that the execution of the plan will be blocked by other parties; or (b) a plan for liquidation is being imposed by other forces. ASU 2013-07 will be effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2014. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2013-07 to have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations nor cash flows.
In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-11, "Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists." ASU 2013-11 provides guidance on the presentation of unrecognized tax benefits related to any disallowed portion of net operating loss carryforwards, similar tax losses, or tax credit carryforwards, if they exist. ASU 2013-11 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2013. The adoption of ASU 2013-11 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
There were other updates recently issued, most of which represented technical corrections to the accounting literature or application to specific industries and are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
No authoritative reference available.
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You are here: Home > Events > Events Archive > Academic Year 2016-2017 > Rostovtzeff Lecture Series Egyptian versus Greek in Late Antique Egypt: The Struggle of Coptic for an Official Status, I
Rostovtzeff Lecture Series Egyptian versus Greek in Late Antique Egypt: The Struggle of Coptic for an Official Status, I
An Egyptian Exception?
Jean-Luc Fournet is a papyrologist and a specialist in late antiquity. In March 2015, he was appointed professor at the Collège de France (Paris), which created for him its first chair of papyrology named “Written Culture in Late Antiquity and Byzantine Papyrology.” Prior to his current position, he was a scientific member of the Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale in Cairo (1992-1996), researcher at the CNRS in Strasbourg (1996-2004), and professor at the École Pratique des Hautes Études (Department of Historical and Philological Sciences) in Paris (2004-2015). He devotes much of his scholarly activity to editing new texts, including papyri and Greek inscriptions on late antique amphorae, which he was the first to decipher, and has a special interest in the culture of late antiquity—particularly poetry, multilingualism, and modalities of written culture.
During the first three centuries of its history, Coptic, the final stage of the Egyptian language written with Greek letters, was only used for literary purposes and private correspondence but not for contracts between individuals, documents sent by individuals to the authorities, or internal administrative communication—areas in which the Greek language had a monopoly. This situation is unique in comparison with what is observed in other provinces of the Roman Empire and cannot be explained by a legal prohibition. |
Cape Breton University |
Ismar Maslić
GRI/RENE/Broker/CEO
Montalvo Realty
14585 Big Basin Way, Saratoga, CA 95070
In the United States, there are commonly two levels of real estate professionals licensed by the individual states but not by the federal government:
When a person first becomes licensed to become a real estate agent, they obtain a real estate salesperson's license (some states use the term "broker") from the state in which s/he will practice. To obtain a real estate license, the candidate must take specific coursework (between 40 and 120 hours) and pass a state exam on real estate law and practice. To work, salespersons must be associated with (and act under the authority of) a real estate broker. In Delaware, for example, the licensing course requires the candidate to take 99 classroom hours in order to qualify to sit for the state and national examination. In Ohio, a license candidate must complete 120 hours of classroom education. Each successive year thereafter, the license holder must participate in continuing education in order to remain abreast of state and national changes.
Many states also have reciprocal agreements with other states, allowing a licensed individual from a qualified state to take the second state's exam without completing the course requirements or, in some cases, take only a state law exam.
After gaining some years of experience in real estate sales, a salesperson may decide to become licensed as a real estate broker (or Principal/qualifying broker) in order to own, manage, or operate their own brokerage. In addition, some states allow college graduates to apply for a broker's license without years of experience. College graduates fall into this category once they have completed the state-required courses as well. California allows licensed attorneys to become brokers upon passing the broker exam without having to take the requisite courses required of an agent. Commonly more course work and a broker's state exam on real estate law must be passed. Upon obtaining a broker's license, a real estate agent may continue to work for another broker in a similar capacity as before (often referred to as a broker associate or associate broker) or take charge of his/her own brokerage and hire other salespersons (or broker) licensees. Becoming a branch office manager may or may not require a broker's license. Some states allow licensed attorneys to become real estate brokers without taking any exam. In some states, there are no "salespeople" as all licensees are brokers.[4]
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Naslavsky, L., H. Ziv, and D. J. Richardson, "Using Model Transformation to Support Model-Based Test Coverage Measurement", Third International Workshop on Automation of Software Test (AST’08), held in conjunction with ICSE 2008, Leipzig, Germany, May 11, 2008.
Liu, C., and D. J. Richardson, "Using RAIC for Dependable On-line Upgrading of Distributed Systems.", 26th International Computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC 2002), Oxford, England, IEEE Computer Society, pp. 1006-1011, August 26-29, 2002.
Naslavsky, L., T. A. Alspaugh, D. J. Richardson, and H. Ziv, "Using Scenarios to Support Traceability", Workshop on Traceability in Emerging Forms of Software Engineering (TEFSE'05), Long Beach, CA, November, 2005.
Xu, L., H. Ziv, D. J. Richardson, and T. A. Alspaugh, "An Architectural Pattern for Non-functional Dependability Requirements", Journal of Systems and Software, special issue on Architecting Dependable Systems, vol. 79, no. 10, pp. 1370-1378, October, 2006.
Stafford, J. A., D. J. Richardson, and A. L. Wolf, "Architecture-level Dependence Analysis for Software Systems", International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 431-452, August, 2001.
Penzenstadler, B., A. Raturi, D. J. Richardson, S. M. Silberman, and B. Tomlinson, "Collapse (and other futures) software engineering", First Monday, vol. 20, issue 8, July, 2015.
Richardson, D., "CSEdWeek Shines in 2011", ACM SIGCSE Bulletin, vol. 44, no. 3, September, 2012.
Richardson, D., R. Farmer, and C. Wilson, "CSEdWeek Wants You!", ACM SIGCSE Bulletin, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 6, September, 2011.
Liu, C., and D. J. Richardson, "Research Directions in RAICs", ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering NotesACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes, vol. 27, no. 4, 2002.
Penzenstadler, B., A. Raturi, D. Richardson, and B. Tomlinson, "Safety, Security, Now Sustainability: The Nonfunctional Requirement for the 21st Century", IEEE Software, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 40-47, May-June, 2014.
Muccini, H., M. Dias, and D. J. Richardson, "Software Architecture-based Regression Testing", Journal of Systems and SoftwareJournal of Systems and Software, vol. 79, no. 10, pp. 1379-1396, October, 2006.
Richardson, D. J., "ACM RETENTION COMMITTEE: Student-focused initiatives for retaining students in computing programs.", ACM Inroads., vol. 9, issue 2, pp. 13-18, June, 2018.
Penzenstadler, B., A. Rauturi, C. Becker, J. Norton, B. Tomlinson, S. Silberman, and D. Richardson, "Bridging communities: ICT4Sustainability @iConference 2015", Interactions, vol. 23, issue 1: ACM, pp. 64-67, Jan-Feb, 2016.
Shekhar, S., J. Colletti, F. Muñoz-Arriola, L. Ramaswamy, C. Krintz, L. Varshney, and D. Richardson, Intelligent Infrastructure for Smart Agriculture: An Integrated Food, Energy and Water System, : CRA CCC Catalyst, 2017.
Winbladh, K., T. A. Alspaugh, H. Ziv, and D. J. Richardson, "An Automated Approach for Goal-driven, Specification-based Testing", Technical Report, no. UCI-ISR-06-8: Institute for Software Research, University of California, Irvine, May, 2006.
Alspaugh, T. A., S E. Sim, K. Winbladh, M. H. Diallo, H. Ziv, and D. J. Richardson, "The Importance of Clarity in Usable Requirements Specification Formats", Technical Report, no. UCI-ISR-06-14, Irvine, Institute for Software Research, University of California, Irvine, September, 2006.
Vieira, M., and D. J. Richardson, "Issues in Describing and Analyzing Component Dependencies", Technical Report, no. UCI-ICS-01-39: Information and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, July, 2001.
Winbladh, K., T. A. Alspaugh, D. J. Richardson, and R. Waltzman, "Meeting the Requirements and Living Up to Expectations", Technical Report, no. UCI-ISR-07-1: Institute for Software Research, University of California, Irvine, January, 2007.
Mehrabi, J., B. Penzenstadler, and D. Richardson, Project Cognatio: Developing a System for Medication Adherence (Evaluation of Requirements Engineering for Sustainability), , no. UCI-ISR-14-4: UC Irvine Institute for Software Research, October, 2014.
Liu, C., and D. J. Richardson, "Redundant Arrays of Independent Components", Information & Computer Science, no. UCI/ICS-TR-02-09: Information and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, March, 2002.
Naslavsky, L., D. J. Richardson, and H. Ziv, "Scenario-based and State Machine-based Testing: An Evaluation of Automated Approaches", Technical Report, no. UCI-ISR-06-13: Institute for Software Research, University of California, Irvine, August, 2006.
Romero-Mariona, J., H. Ziv, and D. J. Richardson, "Security Requirements Engineering: A Survey", Technical Report, no. UCI-ISR-08-2: Institute for Software Research, University of California, Irvine, CA, 2008.
Xu, L., D. J. Richardson, and H. Ziv, "A Survey of Software Architecture Decision-Making Techniques", Technical Report, no. UCI-ISR-07-10: Institute for Software Research, University of California, Irvine, December, 2007.
Winbladh, K., H. Ziv, and D. J. Richardson, "Surveying the Usability of Requirements Approaches using a 3-Dimensional Framework", Technical Report, no. UCI-ISR-08-3: Institute for Software Research, University of California, Irvine, CA, 2008.
Penzenstadler, B., A. Raturi, D. Richardson, C. Calero, H. Femmer, and X. Franch, Systematic Mapping Study on Software Engineering for Sustainability (SE4S) — Protocol and Results, , no. UCI-ISR-14-1: UC Irvine Institute for Software Research, January, 2014. |
The Price of Power Revisited
With control of the House of Representatives comes gavels — and fundraising expectations
Amisa Ratliff
Ariana Rojas
With Republicans taking control of the U.S. House of Representatives last month for the first time in four years, there’s been a shift in leadership in the legislative branch of government.
Republicans have picked Reps. Kay Granger (R-TX), Cathy McMorris Rodgers (R-WA), Patrick McHenry (R-NC), and Jason Smith (R-MO) to lead the four most powerful committees in the House — Appropriations, Energy and Commerce, Financial Services, and Ways and Means.
With the gavels come not only the power to set the agendas for their respective committees, but also something more insidious — astronomical fundraising demands that are akin to a tax that legislators are expected to pay for their committee slot. They often pay this “committee tax” by soliciting corporations, labor unions, and other special interests that have business before their committees.
As Issue One has previously detailed, both the Democratic and Republican parties lean on all members of Congress to raise funds for the party’s political war chests. The more influential a legislator’s role in Congress, the more money party leaders expect them to raise, with committee chairs being expected to raise more funds than members of their caucus who aren’t in leadership roles.
“Political parties requiring members of Congress seeking prominent committee assignments to pay a hidden ‘tax’ for that institutional right is a shadowy practice that needs to end,” said Issue One ReFormers Caucus Co-chair Amb. Tim Roemer (D-IN), who served in the House of Representatives for six terms and was co-chair of the New Democrat Coalition. “It’s not healthy for members of Congress to be constantly worried about dialing for dollars. Ideally, decisions about committee assignments should be made based on legislators’ professional talents and previous experience, not how much they contribute to party organizations.”
Added Issue One ReFormers Caucus Co-chair Rep. Zach Wamp (R-TN), who was the top Republican member of two subcommittees on the House Appropriations Committee during his eight terms in Congress: “The current ‘party dues’ system is a recipe for corruption that disconnects members of Congress from their constituents. The current ‘dues’ system puts legislators under immense pressure to make appeals to special interests to gain and maintain their committee assignments. The factors that determine who serves on which congressional committees should include your expertise, passion, and experience — not just how dedicated you are to raising money.”
The exact amount of money that members of Congress are expected to raise is secret, albeit a secret that occasionally leaks to the public.
In 2017, conservative Rep. Ken Buck (R-CO) published a book that said chairs of the most powerful House committees were expected to raise $1.2 million apiece over two years for the National Republican Congressional Committee (NRCC) — and that the Republican House Speaker was expected to raise $20 million.
Last year, Punchbowl News published an internal Democratic Party document that showed the chairs of the most powerful House committees were expected to raise $1.8 million apiece over two years for the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee (DCCC) — and that the Democratic Speaker of the House was expected to raise $31 million.
A new Issue One review of federal campaign finance filings reveals that both the Democrats who led the four most powerful House committees during the past two years and the Republicans who lead them now raised significant sums for their respective parties between January 2021 and December 2022.
These eight lawmakers collectively transferred more than $5.2 million to the DCCC and NRCC during this two-year period, campaign finance filings show. Each of these lawmakers transferred six- or seven-figure sums to the NRCC or DCCC, with McMorris Rodgers and Smith each giving the NRCC more than $1.1 million.
In practice, this meant that approximately $1 of every $5 any of these lawmakers spent during the 2021-2022 election cycle didn’t go to their own reelection campaign efforts, TV ads, polling, or field organizers. Rather, the money was simply transferred from their campaigns to the national party committee focused on spending money in other House races.
House members typically have three ways to fulfill the fundraising demands imposed upon them by the parties.
Transferring unlimited amounts of money from their own official campaign committees to the party’s coffers;
Transferring up to $105,000 per year from their leadership PACs to the arm of their party focused on House races;
Raising money directly for the DCCC or NRCC, often by “dialing for dollars,” a practice in which lawmakers act like telemarketers, call wealthy donors, and are given credit for the funds they raise.
Only the first two of these three activities can be easily tracked in campaign finance filings — meaning the figures highlighted in this report as just the tip of the fundraising iceberg.
One politician who has revealed the full amount of money he raised for his party was Rep. Paul Mitchell (R-MI), who retired from Congress at the end of his term in January 2021. He told CNN in December 2020 that he raised nearly $800,000 for the NRCC over 2.5 years.
Notably, campaign finance filings show $0 in contributions to the NRCC from Mitchell’s official campaign committee or leadership PAC during this time, illustrating just how much untraceable money lawmakers may be raising directly for the parties to fulfill their fundraising obligations.
In the past, the immense fundraising demands on lawmakers have caused leadership to reorient the congressional schedule around raising money, as Issue One and the R Street Institute noted in our “Why We Left Congress” report — including shortening the congressional work week so members have more time to raise money and using closed rules to make the floor schedule more predictable so that members can more efficiently plan time for fundraising.
New members of Congress may not be expecting this fundraising treadmill. In a 55-page booklet sent to Republican House candidates in October 2022, the House Freedom Caucus warned that while incoming lawmakers might think their previous life experiences would determine their committee assignments in Washington, they should know that “committee assignments are based on perceived loyalty to party leadership and whether you agree to meet a fundraising quota. Everything else is secondary.”
The Freedom Caucus booklet continued: “Often masked with euphemisms such as ‘being good on the other side of the street,’ fundraising is all important. Every committee assignment comes with a specific fundraising quota attached, and each Member is expected to abide or else may find themselves serving on another (less sought after) committee altogether… If a Member neglects their ‘dues,’ or is perceived to be likely to neglect their dues, it will be reflected in your committee assignments.”
This “party dues” system is one of the dirty little secrets of Washington. The current “party dues” system comes at a cost for individual legislators, the legislative branch as a whole, and the American people: Membership on prestigious legislative committees can be influenced by who can raise the most money rather than by who is the most qualified, and the near-constant fundraising takes significant time away from the urgent issues that lawmakers were elected to solve.
As former Rep. Erik Paulsen (R-MN), who served in the House from January 2009 until January 2019, lamented in a report by FixUS, fulfilling the parties’ fundraising demands “occupies too much time” for lawmakers and “reinforces the ‘us’ vs ‘them’ mentality at every level.”
Issue One supports “party dues” fundraising expectations being publicly disclosed by the parties. Issue One also supports strengthening House rules to delink committee determinations from lawmakers’ fundraising prowess. Furthermore, members of Congress should reevaluate the way elections are financed, and party leaders should consider voluntarily lowering the dues amounts expected from their members.
The current campaign finance system relies too much on politicians raising money from special interests — especially those with business before Congress. As long as that’s the case, the pressures on lawmakers to raise campaign cash for the parties, and the problems associated with this system, are likely to continue.
Issue: Party Dues
Who Profited from Election Deniers?
As election-denying secretary of state candidates raised large sums in 2022, political consultants behind the scenes were raking in the dough....
As election-denying secretary of state candidates spouted rhetoric that eroded people’s faith in our free and fair elections, political operatives behind the scenes were raking in the dough. A new…
Who’s Bankrolling Election Deniers?
Election-denying secretary of state candidates have raised more than $12 million from megadonors, fake Trump electors, and scores of small-dollar donors....
As a record amount of money flows into races for states’ top election officials across the country, a new Issue One analysis shows that election-denying secretary of state candidates have…
3 Existential Threats to Our Elections
An exodus of election officials, potential election manipulation, and inadequate funding of our election infrastructure threaten our democracy...
Introduction America’s elections face three existential threats in the coming years: An exodus of election officials, the potential of election manipulation, and inadequate funding of our critical election infrastructure. Congress… |
ITFA > Newsletters > TRADE IN 2023 – THE FOUR MEGATRENDS AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT THEM, Jan 2023
TRADE IN 2023 – THE FOUR MEGATRENDS AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT THEM, Jan 2023
Written and published by Dr. Rebecca Harding
We all love a Megatrend and 2023 will be full of them: recession, inflation or stagflation, energy transition, geopolitics and global decoupling, the protracted nature of the Russia-Ukraine crisis, China’s economy and foreign policy stance. We cannot ignore sustainability and the mammoth challenges ahead to prevent 2023 from being a “tipping point” in the wrong way for global climate objectives. Beyond this, we have the collapse of crypto and its impact on the tech sector more generally, America’s protectionism and its stance towards Chinese technology, and of course, the impact of all of the above on supply chains.
All of this comes on the back of a 2022 that was, in the words of one commentator, “beschissen.” By the author’s own admission this is hardly a term that should be used in serious journalism. However, it was a general sentiment and it’s hard to under-estimate the magnitude of the effects of the Russia-Ukraine crisis had, and will have, on the global economy, supply chains and of course energy and food security. Europe’s self-identity of itself as a peaceful and “strategically autonomous” region with a commitment to multilateralism and enforcement of the rule of law was shaken to its core – nowhere more than in Germany where its post-war identity as a Civilian Power able to duck behind its constitution to avoid engaging in conflict was, quite literally, blown up as soon as Russia started its action in Ukraine.
Given the impact of “events” in 2022, it’s of little surprise that commentators at the beginning of this year have largely stayed on the fence. It’s very easy to blame global leaders for past failures to understand the strategic threat that Russia and China, as a revisionist powers, now present to the West. The key issue is how we avoid the miscalculations of the past given that we are where we are in terms of the impact of last year on everything that comes subsequently.
The most important thing that happened in 2022 was that the full impact of the ‘Weaponisation of Trade’ became clear. The increased use of trade for national strategic advantages morphed into an explicit use of sanctions and export controls as a weapon the West is using to constrain Russia without engaging in so-called “warfighting” because of the nuclear threat that Russia posed rhetorically, if not actually.
Much of what will emerge during 2023 therefore is about the aftermath of this process, so trade is central to the way in which defence and security professionals, economists, thought-leaders and of course trade and trade finance practitioners have to think about the world this year. So what are the key things that will drive trade during the course of the next year?
The first megatrend is the global economy, interest rates and inflation. Forecasts are mixed, with the World Bank suggesting a global recession is inevitable given upward pressure on interest rates. Much will be determined by Fed policy of course, and as the IMF is now suggesting that inflation has not peaked and that Central Banks must keep a tight hold on monetary policy, it is clear that, as any hardened economist will tell you, “inflation is sticky downwards” which is what will drive Fed policy. As Mohamed El-Erian points out, we need to avoid last year’s mistake of assuming there is such a thing as “transitory inflation” – it’s better to sit on the fence and say nothing in terms of inflation prediction that to suggest that inflation is going to go down.
Much of this is because the roots of inflation in this crisis are not based on things the things that are directly within the gift of Central Bankers to control. First, inflation this time around has come undeniably from the impact of Russia’s action in Ukraine and the subsequent attempts to constrain that action. It was always inevitable that the West would impose sanctions and export controls – this was what happened in 2014 after Russia’s annexation of Crimea. This time around the export controls have effectively meant that it is extremely difficult to use Russia as an energy supplier in Europe and the effects of the shift to alternative providers has significantly contributed to the inflation we have seen.
Second, China’s attempts to recover politically and economically from long Covid were given a turbo-boost when it ended its travel restrictions. Where a few months ago the issue was whether or not China would be a threat to global trade because of its weak growth, now the issue is more directly around whether or not its manufacturing sectors can keep up with demand as staff fall sick. Given that the Chinese PMIs have been falling for the last five months, the effects of China’s opening up on global inflation may yet be more severe.
The net result of all of this is that trade is the source of inflationary pressures rather than excessive demand. Volumes have not increased at anywhere near the rate of values, and this is a risk to trade and trade finance.
The second megatrend is geopolitics. The world at present is set on a pattern of economic “decoupling” although deglobalisation itself, given how interdependent the world’s trading and technology systems are, is by no means obviously accelerating. Oddly, within this framework, Russia is a “known-unknown” – Putin is predictably unpredictable and we know that his relationship with the West is at best tense, and at worst destructive. The shake-out from the new sanctions regimes and export controls is only just beginning to work through but these are now factors that have become risks rather than uncertainties.
China on the other hand is an unknown-unknown and most of the uncertainty will be around how its relationship with the West pans out. There are optimistic signs of a less aggressive rhetoric and from a European perspective, this is to be welcomed. Its economy and trade are so important in the global system that any uncertainty about its economy, its technology or its foreign policy is going to add to the unpredictability of its role in the future world.
How 2023 plays out will be determined by the speed in which its economy can get back on its feet post-Covid and the resultant impact on global supply chains. It is unlikely that China will invade Taiwan because it is weak economically at present. However, as the tensions between it and Taiwan play out, it means that the Taiwan Strait, the South China Sea and the Indo-Pacific, as massive global trade routes, are going to be potentially destabilising vectors for global trade. The biggest thing, of course, is how the industrial strategy measures that the US is pursuing through the Department of Commerce actually restrict China’s access to technology and therefore constrain its growth. This is already having an impact on global supply chain location as we have seen with Apple’s relocation to India to circumvent some of the restrictions. This suggests there will be a trade and supply chain resilience impact.
The third megatrend is Sustainability regulation. Volumes of text have been written about sustainability and the tipping point that the planet is rapidly reaching where irreversible climate change is inevitable. There is new little to say on a subject that is so clearly devastating in every sense of the word. In a sense, the drivers for 2023 at a political and geopolitical level will be first, to ensure that climate change and net zero targets are adhered to and second to make sure that climate change regulations globally do not become a source of trade tensions or geopolitical tensions in and for themselves. The ongoing spat between the US and the EU about the Inflation Reduction Act and the EU’s carbon border tax threatens trade relations and this is an unconstructive direction of travel to say the least.
From a trade and trade finance perspective the material changes are to the regulatory frameworks that will come in during the course of 2023. Companies are now bound by the European Sustainable Finance Disclosure Reporting (SFDR) standards and the EU Taxonomy reporting requirements to report on their financial allocations to areas of the Taxonomy and the associated financial risk. Correspondingly, financial institutions need to understand their capital exposure to climate risk through their portfolios and potentially use the pricing systems to mitigate the exposure and help manage the transition.
This is a large shift in the importance of ESG in the reporting frameworks and will have huge implications for trade finance practitioners: the potential tightening of AML-KYC compliance to include ESG compliance; closer scrutiny of supply chains; limitations on the number of SMEs that can access trade finance because of closer scrutiny and ultimately the tightening of trade between “compliant” and “non-compliant” countries. 2023 will be the year that all this shakes out and banks begin to assess exactly what they need to be reporting from 2024 in trade terms. It is another seismic shift and one that cannot be underestimated in its importance – expect the theme of “Capital at Risk” to go beyond compliance into climate this year.
The last megatrend is technology. The collapse of crypto may not seem to have an obvious link to trade and trade finance. That said, increasing scepticism emerged during the course of 2022 about blockchain as a panacea triggered by a number of insolvencies and mergers in Fintech businesses that illustrated key vulnerabilities in the reliance of banks on businesses funded by large equity valuations.
The technology sector as whole during 2023 will struggle. There were significant failures during 2022 as a result of over-exuberant expectations and there is now a material threat to the sector in terms of venture capital valuations and the feasibility of fundraising. Venture capital in the sector has declined dramatically while company valuations have also taken a tumble. 2023 while be a year of consolidation at best and while this is an opportunity for merger and acquisitions activity, it is also a risk to trade finance processes that rely on these technologies.
To conclude, the article describing 2023 as “beschissen” went on to use the explosion of the fish tank in the lobby of the Radisson Blu in Berlin as an analogy for what has gone wrong in the past and how we need to create a shared view of what is important in the future. It pointed out that the mere fact that a tank that size existed was a statement of first world addiction to unsustainable luxury; the fact that hairline cracks in the glass of the fish tank had been ignored for years was a metaphor for the careless exceptionalism with which we have assumed our own economic and political hegemony in the post-War period.
If we are to avoid economic, geopolitical or climate meltdown during the course of this year, then we need to take this message on board. “Events” are a problem because we miscalculate, and strategic challenges are just that because we are not assessing their likelihood in an effective way throughout. What is clear beyond all else is that this year is the year when more than ever trade and trade finance practitioners are the “boots on the ground” of national strategies over which they have little or not control. Planning for uncertainty will be the only way to put the best foot forward!
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Business Opportunities in the Bone & Joint Health Supplements Market
sonal.phulambrikarJuly 12, 2022 Bone & Joint Health SupplementsBone & Joint Health Supplements Market
The Bone & Joint Health Supplements Market is estimated to be valued at USD 11.7 billion in 2022. It is projected to reach USD 17.6 billion by…
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1940’s – Airbase – Maintenance
These are a few of the officers and men who gathered at the Newport Airfield to learn to be pilots and maintain airplanes. The sudden arrival of thousands of young men in Jackson County contributed mightily to the nightlife in a county with legalized alcohol sales and... |
ONE WORD that can change your life…
You wanna know ONE SINGLE word that can change your entire life? I’m talking about a single, solitary, lonely little four letter word that can be added to your daily vocabulary and result in a massive shift in your reality and accomplishments. Sound like a word you want to know? Read on my friends…
We all go through our lives living a bunch of “shoulds.” I should workout…I should eat better…I should do something to make more money…I should leave my crappy boyfriend/girlfriend — then what? we DON’T. “Shoulds” are one of the biggest anchors to our personal progress in this world.
What can we do to change this negativity? It will only come from INSIDE each and every one of us, in the form of raising our standards and demands for ourselves. There’s one simple shift that needs to be made.
Turn every SHOULD into a MUST. What if you DID workout more? DID eat better, DID make more money, DID get out of a bad relationship; how much of a POSITIVE IMPACT would this have on your life? Why do we live our lives according to what we SHOULD do and then DON’T, instead of what we MUST do and therefore WILL?!
The lack of satisfaction in each of our lives comes from within. We are not willing or driven enough to perform each and every should as a MUST, which is what it’s going to take to really change our lives and our world for the better.
Nobody can tell you what a MUST is for YOU except yourself. Be honest and define these things within your heart, and then…only then…will you begin to change and achieve more fulfillment in your life.
← Your Chance To Achieve Greatness…Every Day.
The impact your #motivation has on your #goals. → |
Over the past several years, the unique and widely misunderstood country of Belarus has risen to the attention of policymakers in Europe and the United States. Though for centuries an important invasion corridor across the plains of North Central Europe, its strategic importance had been overlooked by post–Cold War... MORE |
Reading and writing stories have been a huge part of my life since I first learned to string words together on a page. I mainly write creative non-fiction, focusing on the relationships between people, other animals and our shared environment, but I also love writing fiction and, occasionally, poetry.
My non-fiction work has been published in the journal Dark Mountain as well as by Sentient Media and The Huffington Post amongst others. In 2021 my essay ‘Crossings’ was short-listed for the inaugural Future Places Environmental Essay Prize (UK) as well as being a semi-finalist in the Van der Mey Prize for Non-Fiction (USA). In fiction, this year my dystopian piece ‘Salt Water’ won the Feminist Futures Award, part of the Omega Sci-Fi Awards / Roswell Awards (USA).
I also love to teach writing workshops for adults, especially for beginning writers.
Away from writing, I’m an adoptive mother and a campaigner for animals and the environment. I live in Cheshire, UK with my family of humans and dogs.
[email protected]
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As the Principal of the Jenny’s Homes Group, LLC, Jennifer packs a powerful punch with 20 + years of experience in the real estate industry. She earned her Broker’s License in 2008 and has achieved over $98 million in sales, inducted into the New Jersey Associates of Realtors Distinguished Sales Club (lifetime achievement) in 2018, a nine-year award winner of the Five Star Professional. SJ Magazine Top Realtors Award multiple years, NJ Association of Realtors Circle of Excellence Awards multiple years Gold, Silver and Bronze levels. Always in the top 4% of all Real Estate Agents in New Jersey.
Hardworking, honest, win- win for all or no deal. Loads of knowledge and experience in all markets providing our clients with the leading edge. Lifelong South Jersey resident with ample time spent in Medford Lakes, Medford and the Jersey Shore.
As an agent who's an expert in this local area, Jennifer brings a wealth of knowledge and expertise about buying and selling real estate here. It's not the same everywhere, so you need someone you can trust for up-to-date information. She is eager to serve you. Here are some of the things she can do for you.
You need someone who knows this area inside and out! Jennifer can work with you to find the right home at the right price for you, including all the neighborhood amenities that matter - not to mention the essential criteria you have for your ideal home.
When it's time to move, you need someone who will advertise your home, show it to prospective buyers, negotiate the purchase contract, arrange to finance, oversee the inspections, handle all necessary paperwork and supervise the closing. Jennifer can take care of everything you need, from start to close.
Consult on home selling tactics
Oftentimes buyers don't visualize living in your home the way you do. Jennifer can make your home attractive to its ideal audience - which can help you get top dollar. Things like staging the home, making repairs or minor improvements, or even simply painting the walls can be the difference between a home resting on the market and one that's sold fast.
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What Is the Difference Between an HDT and CAT Terminal?
What are the differences between the HDT and CAT Terminal? These devices serve as the backbone for a subscriber access network. The HDT can perform a variety of functions as the network side of the system is connected to numerous optical network units and data transfer networks. If you’re interested in learning more about these devices, read on. Whether you’re looking for a D5 or VT510, there are a number of factors to consider when choosing a digital terminal.
The VT510 is a digital terminal that supports several languages. Its PCTerm mode emulates a standard PC console. It also supports ANSI and ASCII character sets and has a decPCTERM control function. Additionally, it supports several character sets and provides enhanced menu-based Set-Up. The VT510 has host controllability, allowing administrators to customize the terminal remotely and locking local setup. This model also offers a calculator, calendar, and character set viewer.
The VT510 is a low-cost single-session text video terminal with enhanced keyboard layout. It is equipped with six-pin EIA-423 connector, Centronics parallel connector, and 25-pin stacked male/female RS-232 connector. All these ports connect the VT510 to a printer or host. It also provides enhanced PC keyboard layout. Unlike PC keyboards, which have twelve function keys, VT keyboards have 20 keys.
CAT Terminal
A CAT Terminal is a digital file of a CAT (Community Access Terminal) that is hardwired with fiber optic cables to the local network. It is commonly used in ticket booths, toll roads and parking garages. In addition, restaurants utilize checkout processes with these terminals. Depending on the manufacturer, a CAT may be classified as a Limited Amount Terminal, a Medium Amount Terminal or an Intermediate Amount.
The CAT utility is a standard Unix utility that reads files sequentially and writes them to standard output. Its name is derived from the function cat(1), which concatenates multiple files. CAT has been ported to many operating systems and is used on a variety of operating systems. Cat will read from standard input if specified by a single hyphen, and from standard output if no files are specified. CAT also supports unbuffered I/O to stdout. However, POSIX does not specify behavior for stdout without unbuffered I/O.
Community Access Terminal
HyperNET’s Community Access Terminal is the main type of terminal node and is hardwired to underground fiber optic cables. The Community Access Terminal is also the network broadcaster, keeping the populace quiet and docile. It is housed in armored housing that can survive heavy machine gun fire. It contains hookups for cable neural-links and key-pad monitor access. Here, we take a look at the CAT digital terminal’s key features and how it can help your business.
The D5 Digital Terminal System is the next-generation of channel banks that offers unparalleled reliability and quality. The D5 is equipped with a built-in Ethernet connector, double memory card slots, and a high-resolution touch screen LCD monitor. It also offers a variety of media options, including wireless and wired networks. Its unique design supports multiple types of data formats. Digital terminals can be used in both office and home environments, and can be used as a standalone device or in a networked environment.
Besides combining component video signals onto a single cable, the D-Terminal connector also embeds a control signal for identifying scanning lines, aspect ratio, and more. The D-Terminal is shaped like a letter D, but that does not mean that the signals flowing through the connector are digital. Digital terminals, like the D4 and D5, do not conform to the official JEITA standards. However, these connectors have been adopted by many manufacturers to accommodate a variety of applications.
Nissho Iwai Corporation will begin selling the CAT digital terminal in April. The CAT is designed to process images taken with camera phones. It has various functions such as printing stickers, writing on images, and affixing stamps to the background. The terminal features automatic retouching and enhancement capabilities and a personal license for printing for personal use. It is the first digital terminal to incorporate such features into its design.
Unlike many other terminals, CAT uses the same file format as its competitors, enabling it to read and write files with different encodings. Using the CAT terminal allows you to perform file operations such as copying, transferring, and printing, all without needing to install a separate application. CAT is a standard Unix utility which reads and writes files in a sequential manner. The name cat is derived from its function to concatenate files, and has been ported to several operating systems. If no file is specified, cat will read from standard input if a single hyphen is used. In the absence of a file, it will read from the stdout if no file is specified. POSIX does not require unbuffered I/O for stdout.
← Important Postal Matters to Consider When Sending a Letter → The Benefits of Using a Digital Terminal |
Tag: Kourtney Kardashian
Posted in Celebrity News, Diddy, Kelly Osbourne, Kevin Jonas, Khloe Kardashian, Kim Kardashian, Kourtney Kardashian, Kris Jenner, Mariah Carey, Michael Jackson, Nick Cannon, Pamela Anderson, PARIS HILTON, Sean "Diddy" Combs, Staples Center, Twitter
Celebrity News: Diddy Twitters Memorial Amongst Others
Posted on July 9, 2009 July 9, 2009 by JNEL & J. Magazine
Celebrities took to Twitter to relive their experiences of Michael Jackson’s memorial – with some stars even tweeting from inside the event, which was held at the Staples Center venue in LA. Sean ‘Diddy’ Combs tweeted from inside the ceremony: “I’m at the memorial. RIP Michael Jackson.” He later added: “Just left funeral. Very sad! RIP MJ!”
Mariah Carey’s husband, Nick Cannon, also wrote his tweet from inside, saying: “A day of mourning. Here in the Staples Center, God is absolutely present.”
From one famous family to another, Kim Kardashian, her sisters Khloe and Kourtney and their mother Kris attended the memorial service for Michael Jackson Tuesday at the Staples Center in Los Angeles. Afterward, Kim shared her thoughts on her Twitter page:
“Kourtney, Khloe, my mom and I just left the Memorial. Everyone had such amazing memories of MJ. We all cried & laughed & remembered!” “Michael’s children were so brave … 2 stand there on stage & speak to the world about their father” “I spoke at
my dad’s funeral & it was the hardest thing I’ve ever had to do. I was shaking & crying & what Paris did was sooo soooo brave!”
Kim, who once dated one of Jackson’s nephews when she was a teenager.
Other celebrities, including Paris Hilton, Kevin Jonas, and Kelly Osbourne wrote about being moved by the memorial as they watched it on TV. Pamela Anderson said: “I’m starting with the woman in the mirror. Bless you Michael. You made the world a better place. Rest in Peace. P x.”
Source: Splash News
Posted in Adrienne Bailon, Bruce Jenner, E!, Keeping Up With the Kardashians, Khloe Kardashian, Kim Kardashian, Kourtney Kardashian, Kris Jenner, Reggie Bush, Rob Kardashian, Tune In
Tune In: Keeping Up With The Kardashians
Posted on March 8, 2009 March 8, 2009 by JNEL & J. Magazine
Kardashians: Which Sister Wants a Baby?
Kim, Kourtney and Khloe Kardashian say they rented a chimpanzee for a week on the third season of Keeping up with the Kardashians (debuting this Sunday) because mom Kris has babies on the brain. But when asked about it, it’s really Kim who wouldn’t mind giving Octomom a run for her money. “I wouldn’t mind a baby now,” Kim told us this morning. “But I’d want like five.” (Does her boyfriend, Reggie Bush, know about this?)
If their experience with a chimp named Suzy is any indication, the gals might not quite be ready for motherhood. “The chimp was torture,” admits Kim. “That was so much work. It was way more than what we bargained for. We changed diapers, had to feed it, do everything. But we made my mom do most of the diaper changing.” Adds Khloe, “Mom’s been begging for babies lately. She’s really desperate, so we got a chimp to show her what it would be like. You’ll see it on the show.”
What else goes down in season three of E!’s hit series? Here’s what the girls are dishing about in an interview with E!…
Is the drama, the screaming, the fighting and the whining back and better than ever on season three?
Khloe: Oh yeah. You’re gonna have it this season, honey. This season is crazy from the first episode to the last episode. It’s so different, too. You really have to watch every episode to know what’s going on because something major happens in every episode. I go to jail. I have a PETA campaign. Reggie is more prominent on the show, so we see more of Kim and Reggie’s relationship.
Kim: Reggie’s usually shyer, but he’s coming around. He’s really reserved and quiet, but he’s opened up a lot.
Are we hearing wedding bells for you and Reggie this season?
Kim: You definitely won’t see that on the show this season. Would I do a televised wedding? I don’t know. I don’t think my boyfriend would.
Khloe: If they pay her a couple mil.
You’ve watched the episodes back. What is your biggest cringe moment?
Khloe: I cussed my mom out in one episode. I can’t believe some of the things I say sometimes. It’s so rude. It’s so weird that I would tell my mom to “suck my balls.”
Kim: My cringe moments are more catty than that, like when I hate my hair at an interview or something like that.
Kourtney, in the promos for the show we hear you screaming, “I’ll never forgive you” and “I’ll never forget.” What was that all about?
Kourtney: I said that to my mom. There was drama over my first magazine shoot for 944 magazine. I can’t say more than that. You’ll have to watch.
Kim: There’s a lot of drama around my new perfume, too. I have my own perfume coming out. We are still coming up with a name. It’s a huge issue in this show of the name that I want to use. I mean, it’s the major issue in the show.
What’s the most shocking thing we’ll see on season three?
Kim: Someone in the family gets some major plastic surgery, and we show it all on camera. I’m being serious. We do. We can’t say who, but it’s not another butt implant. [Laughs.]
Is it your mom or Bruce Jenner?
Kourtney: Can’t say.
How is poor Bruce Jenner doing? He always seems stressed out.
Khloe: He is. He’s same ol’ Bruce this season. He’s learning how to keep cotton in his ears so he never has to listen to us. Poor Brucey. He’s amazing. But you might see him break down a little and see him have some bitch fits.
What else do we get to see you ladies do this season?
Kourtney: I do a spread for Maxim.
Khloe: More like, she spread for Maxim.
Kourtney: I think it’s fashionable but sexy. I’m wearing a motorcycle jacket and little booty shorts or skinny jeans and a top.
Khloe: But definitely still Maxim. We also still have the stores, which have been there before the show and will be there after the show. It’s our foundation. It’s our prime focus. And, for me, I go to New York this season and have my own fashion show there and focus on the Dash brand, trying to expand that and cover every angle with that.
Kim: You see me perform with the Pussycat Dolls. We’re so known as a trio, but this season you see more of our individual selves coming out, which causes some sibling rivalry, of course, and a little jealousy. There are feuds going on for sure.
Khloe: This season I have a boyfriend who I break up with. And you see a lot of our brother Rob and [Cheetah Girls singer] Adrienne Bailon together. Kimberly is in la-la-love-land. You know, I hear there is a Kardashian curse going around. It’s not easy dating us because if you date one of us, you date us all, which has to be scary for some guys. But it’s fun for us. You get to see my sister’s interrogating and fighting with my ex-boyfriend, which is really funny.
What’s next for the Kardashian trio?
Kim: I ultimately think fashion is where we all want to end up. And I just think that there is so much that we have going on, but at the end of the day, this is all fun for us right now, but I want to eventually settle down and have a family.
Tune in tonight and watch, “Keeping up with the Kardashians” @ 10:00pm followed by “Candy Girls” @ 10:30pm on E!.
Source: E! Online
Posted in 944 Magazine, All On The Cover, Keeping Up With the Kardashians, Kourtney Kardashian
All On The Cover: Kourtney Kardashian Covers 944 Magazine!
Posted on February 24, 2009 February 24, 2009 by JNEL & J. Magazine
“Here’s a Sneak Peek of 944 Magazine‘s new cover featuring Kourtney Kardashian. The picture is yet to be decided on which one will make the cover. Check out the choices below and decide which one should make the newstands.”
Newly single Kourtney Kardashian is stepping out from little sis Kim‘s shadow and into the spotlight in her very first cover shoot for 944 magazine.
The Keeping Up With the Kardashians star shows off a few different looks in the sexy spread, including a Marilyn Monroe-esque blond hairdo and a cute hat paired with a shorter coif.
She also has more typical lingerie shots, which are after the jump for your viewing pleasure…
Given this intimate new look at Kourt, what’s she like as a girlfriend when she’s in a relationship?
“I have definitely been the stay-at-home caretaker housewife type who makes dinner every night,” she tells the mag. “I have also pretended I can’t cook with some guys so I can go out to dinner every night. But the one thing I always try and do is keep it sexy and take good care of myself.”
Looks like that mission’s accomplished!
To see which image made the cover and see more of Kourtney, pick up 944‘s spring issue on March 2.
In the meantime, tell us which look you like best. Do you prefer short and sassy, blond and bobbed or the nearly naked shots?
Source: E!
“My Choice is blond and bobbed, it’s super sexy!” |
This job is no longer available. |
Little Lion Man
A little Mumford and Sons to fit the Sunday morning mood.
Dec 4, 2011 9:32:27 AM | Mumford and Sons, Song of the day, or whenever
i like mumford and sons...and this one is so raw real amazing... :)
Posted by: jRuth Kelly | Sunday, December 04, 2011 at 18:23
Doubling up "Here's a rule I recommend: Never practice two vices at once." - Tallulah Bankhead
Relieved "The only people who claim money is not important are those who have enough of it so they are relieved of the ugly burden of thinking about it." - Joyce Carol Oates |
February 18, 2023 by jjhiii24, posted in human nature, Personal
Covid Update and Recovery Report
Recently sidelined by a thoroughly unpleasant case of Covid, I have been struggling to return to my writing routines in any sort of productive way for the past several weeks. As of this writing, I clearly have recovered reasonably well enough to allow myself to walk again among the living, and while I was given clearance by the health care experts to return to my daily routines outside the home, it has been a much slower recovery with regards to my typically active and enthusiastic mental states.
I would like to express (1) my appreciation to my extended family, friends, and fellow bloggers for the notes of encouragement and support during my illness, and (2) my admiration for those health care professionals who contribute every single day to the front lines of those of us so afflicted. While we often only hear about the shortcomings or the lackluster response to these challenges, I found the information, advice, and counsel of those tasked with responding to my own circumstance to have been especially helpful and worthy of notice.
Just before I became ill, I had been working on an idea for a blog post with the tentative title, “Metaphysical or Mystical,” which I supposed might highlight the differences between the two, and elaborate a bit on my own views as to which sort of experiences might qualify as one or the other. In the meantime, as a result of some lively conversations with a friend on this subject, I decided to expand the list to include both the Mythological and the Mysterious!
There are a healthy number of resources available on each of these topics for the general reader who might be interested in one or the other, but apparently far less material about how they all interact, intermingle, and/or contradict each other. Since my own experiences and writings have encountered and in some way concerned each of these categories, I thought it might be interesting to address them all in an upcoming blog post.
Thanks again to all those well-wishers and support people for their efforts on my behalf, and I look forward to resumption of my own efforts to provide interesting and informative content to all my visitors and subscribers.
Kind Regards…John H.
Tagged modern life
Previous postAnd on the seventh day…
Next postMetaphysical, Mystical, Mythological, Metaphorical, or Just Plain Mysterious?
5 thoughts on “Getting Back Up On The Horse”
Under the mask.. says:
Glad you made it through!
Deacon Dave says:
So tell us more about your Covid experience.
jjhiii24 says:
I didn’t think to include the details of my experience of illness, since they would not be remarkably different from those millions of others who came down with it, and I supposed my noting that it was fairly unpleasant would suffice for most folks, but the best description I could think of was that it is something like being underwater with a really bad cold. I was actually unable to convince myself to get up out of bed except for the most urgent of necessities, and struggled greatly trying to sleep or eat with any regularity, and only very slowly felt able to do anything typical of my ordinary routines. For several weeks I experienced what they called “brain fog,” which, as you might expect, for someone in my position was perhaps the most daunting effect.
I would recommend to anyone who has not experienced it yet, to be sure to keep up-to-date with their shots, since this seems to be the only way to ensure that the symptoms won’t require hospitalization.
sicetnon3 says:
Your experience sounds similar to mine, thus my curiosity. I was surprised
Yaff says:
So happy to hear you are well on the mend. Stay well. |
Guangzhou FC
Wei Shihao (Chinese: 韦世豪; pinyin: Wéi Shìháo; born 8 April 1995) is a Chinese footballer who currently plays for Guangzhou Evergrande as a right-footed left winger in the Chinese Super League. |
The Danger of Distributing Power
If you delegate and distribute power to the edges of your organization, especially the young fringes, be prepared for fresh, brilliant work—and occasional colossal failures. Even with a talented, savvy team, they’re going to make mistakes when you give them room to roam. They’re not you. They don’t think like you. They’re going to do things you don’t like.
The only way to ensure you always get exactly what you want is to micro-manage every decision, movement, and project. But you’ll eventually end up doing that without a talented, savvy team. They’ll go elsewhere, where they can stretch their legs a bit and get to roaming.
Distribution of power will eventually lead to occasional off-mission decisions. You have to expect (and even embrace) a percentage of missteps from your team. It’s a part of the process of producing great work, but the on-mission ideas/implementations you’ll get in return are worth the trade-off.
Article from November 08, 2010
More about work |
Reductio Ad Absurdum
I’m going to pick on BibleAlsoSays, Twitter phenom, one more time tonight then I am going to bed.
Though I know that what I’m about to do commits the same fallacy, allow me to do it anyway:
https://twitter.com/#!/BibleAlsoSays/status/159482750057988096
Which, apparently, means that we should close every school. Because they inculcate our kids with math, science, history, language arts, and other truth. If it was true, it wouldn’t require so much inculcation, after all!
Okay, now that I’m done engaging in reductio ad absurdum, let’s unpack this a little bit better.
We need to look at inculcation. According to dictionary.com:
[T]he act of inculcating, or teaching or influencing repeatedly or persistently and repeatedly so as to implant or instill an idea, theory, attitude, etc. (source)
I fail to see why religion is wrong for doing that. Ever been to school? They drill math into your head, make you memorize dates in history, practice handwriting the same letters again and again; and frequently you are penalized for creativity or outside-the-box thinking.
I remember once I wrote a poem about the sunrise in English class. I tried to coin a word, which poetry is the medium for doing that. I got marked off for it!
This tweet fails as an argument against religion because it commits a category error. It assumes religion is self-evident truth.
There are truths that are self-evident, such as 2 + 2 = 4. No argument. A baby can see that if you take two walnuts, and put two more walnuts with it, you will have four walnuts.
On the other hand, a claim like E = mc2 requires a defense, or a persistent (and perhaps in-your-face) teaching or influencing to implant the theory. Matter is really energy? It defies casual observation. Yet, upon much, much, much examination and experimentation it does wind up being true.
Religion, or more specifically religious concepts, are not necessarily self-evident. The existence of God, I think, is self-evident. But that fact alone becomes a war of semantics to define God. Which god really exists, therefore, is not self-evident.
The deity of Christ is also not self-evident. It must be examined and wrestled with, as scientists did for years with E = mc2.
There is no education required for self-evident truth. However, there is much required for more subtle truths, and the truth of the Christian religion is one such subtlety that requires both a solid education and a firm defense.
Posted in Religion
Tags: Genetics, inculcation, inherited religion, nature vs. nurture, self evident truth |
How A Shani Dosha Is Believed To Affect Your Life
June 17, 2019 by Team Jothishi
Shani Dosha occurs when the planet Shani or Saturn is in the wrong place in one’s natal chart. It can also occur if it is weak in the birth horoscope. The coexistence of Saturn along with other elements such as Mars, Moon or Rahu can also lead to this Dosha.
A portrait of Shani Dev sitting on his vahan
The planet Shani or Saturn is one of the most prominent and influential planets in Vedic astrology. Hence, its position in your natal chart, location and nature play an important role in a person’s life. Shani is the son of the Sun god and the elder brother of Yama, the god of death. Though Saturn is said to be a hostile planet, it is also the planet of justice. According to popular belief, Saturn rewards and punishes people based on their good and bad deeds. Shani takes 30 years to complete one revolution around the sun. When this planet is not well-placed in the horoscope, it is called Shani Dosha.
When planet Shani is weak in the horoscope, Shani dosha occurs
This Dosha occurs when the planet Saturn is in the wrong position or weak in one’s natal chart. It also occurs when Shani is in the retrograde position or when Saturn coexists with other elements such as Rahu. When Shani is present in 1st, 4th, 7th, 10th and 12th house in the horoscope, the person has Shani Dosha. When a person’s horoscope or birth has Shani Dosha, the person undergoes a lot of difficulties and struggles.
Sade Saati
This is another condition associated with Shani. It is called the Sade Saati. In this situation, Shani places itself in such a way that its effects stay for a very long time. This astrological phase is feared by the people as it causes a lot of misery and failures. According to Vedic astrology, the person who is facing this situation goes through a troubling time. The person will also face a lot of challenges. This situation can occur in one’s life at any point in time. If Shani places itself in the 1st, 4th, 7th, 10th and 12th house, its influence becomes stronger than the other planets in the house. During this time, the person will have to face a number of failures and misfortunes. The effect of this dosha lasts for seven and a half years.
What causes Shani Dosha?
Shani Dosha occurs in a person’s life as a result of bad deeds and sins committed in their previous life. Some of the deeds that cause this dosha are harming people and other creatures, keeping an evil eye on others success and possessions, treachery and cheating, suppressing or oppressing people, and practising hypocrisy and sadism.
The Effects
Shani dosha occurs in one’s life based on their doings in the past life. But, when it occurs, the person will face a lot of struggles and difficulties in life. The intensity of their struggles will depend on their past karma. When Shani arrives in a beneficial house, it causes happiness, prosperity, success and fame. But, in adverse conditions, it can cause misery and loss.
Some of the Shani Dosha effects include poverty, misery, delay in marriage or problems in married life, impotency, disturbed relationships, failures and losses, and thefts. The effects of this dosha are not limited to the ones mentioned above. They can also be litigation and imprisonment, debts, injuries and accidents, and sickness and diseases.
Shani Dosha Remedies
Blue sapphire is recommended to those who have Shani Dosha
When people are affected by Shani Dosha, they have to take various measures to eliminate its effects. In order to solve the problems caused by Shani, the Shani Dosha niravana is recommended. Let us take a look at some of the Shani Graha Dosha remedies.
Observing a fast on Saturday: Saturday is a very auspicious day for Shani. When one has Shani Dosha, they have to fast for 51 Saturdays. They have to break their fast with Khichdi or the broth of sesame seeds after sunset.
Charities and donations: Donating things that are related to Shani is one of the best remedial measures. Things such as black or blue clothes, black gram dal, black sesame seeds, iron items, things made of clay and leather, cows and buffaloes should be donated to the poor.
Worshipping Hanuman and Shiva: When affected with Shani Dosha, one has to worship Lord Hanuman every Tuesday and Saturday, and also chant the Hanuman Chalisa. Worshipping Lord Shiva will also prove effective. One can also light a lamp with sesame oil beside a peepal tree.
Jewellery and Gemstones: Blue Sapphire is recommended to all those who suffer from Shani Dosha. It is said that blue sapphire has the power to make one mentally and physically balanced. Wearing a Shani Yantra pendant or a black horse shoe ring is also suggested.
Astrology Remedies for Shani Dosh
Shani Mantras - Solving The Shani Dosha Problem
Shani mantras play an important role in mitigating the effects of Shani dosha. Lord Shani or the God of planet Saturn has negative effects on…
Visha Dosha - A confluence of Shani and Chandran
Visha Dosha is the confluence of Shani and Chandran. Indeed, a powerful factor to behold. A yoga which creates adversities, more in the mind of…
Kartik Janma Dosha - A dosha Of The Weak Sun
The month starting from mid-October to mid-November approximately, is the Kartik month. And this month falls before Sankranti. It is also the period when the…
Vedic Astrology - A Fascinating World
No understanding of Hinduism is complete without delving into the fascinating subject known as Vedic astrology. Dating back to ancient times, Vedic astrology makes use…
Shrapit Dosha - Its Effects and Remedies
Shrapit Dosha is a negative influence present in your horoscope. This Dosha can cause many harmful effects in your life. However, there are remedial measures…
Nadi Dosha - The factors for Happy Marriage
Hindu belief system upholds the significance of Nadi Dosha in a marriage union. Nadi is one of the eight kootas that are essential for a…
Is Kemadruma Dosha All Bad? The Effects and Remedies
Kemadruma Dosha is also called the Lonely Moon dosha. This dosha can affect your attitude, relationships, happiness, and success in life. However, there have been…
Shani Dham Temple - The Shrine Of Truth
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rt7UjuX_Ol0&list=PLcZ7-GtyCV2VEnfSl4EG0hhU50AFOpXs0&index=22 Shani is the Sanskrit name for the heavenly planet Saturn. The Shani Dham temple is the holy shrine of the Shani God. According to… |
JourneyWoman Book Club: Six Inspiring Travel Books For Women in 2023
by Carolyn Ray | Mar 12, 2023
Featured image: It’s time to get out and see the world with our next six books for the 2023 JourneyWoman Book Club | Photo by drazenphoto on Envato
These travel books for women connects us to each other and the world
By Carolyn Ray, Editor, JourneyWoman
In the first three months of 2023, our Travel Book Club has explored Ukraine, South America and Morocco. Our next six travel books for women take us from April to September as we journey to Japan, New Zealand, Spain, Nigeria and Italy. Selected with our book club partner TripFiction, these next six travel books for women have a strong sense of place and cover a range of genres, including mystery, thrillers, memoir, suspense and historical fiction.
For every book selection, we consider the diversity of the author but also the diversity of the story being told. As women, are there themes that connect us, like fear, love and grief? As travellers, are there issues we need to discuss openly, like the impact of war, Alzheimer’s, midlife or servitude? All told, these books help us learn but they also make us laugh out loud at life and our own misadventures.
A Note About our Book Club
Now in our fourth year, our monthly book club is on the third Wednesday of each month at 8 pm ET, hosted by Wendy, Sally and Carolyn. Discussion questions are provided for every book prior to the meeting. You do not have to read the book to attend as we also talk about the destination and central themes in the book so that all can participate.
Starting in April 2023, to keep the conversations intimate and allow everyone an opportunity to share their thoughts, we are limiting registrations to 50 people and also requesting a $5 non-refundable donation to reserve your place. This helps us know who is coming so that we can plan our time. At the end of every year, proceeds from the book club are donated to a non-profit that supports education and literacy. For those who cannot make it, subscribe to our YouTube channel to see recordings, which are generally up within a week of the event. If you would like to support our Book Club, you can make a donation here.
Reminders are sent one week prior, as part of our monthly Book Club newsletter. You will also receive. a book club reminder from Zoom. We recommend you sign in a few minutes early to make sure there aren’t any technology issues with Zoom. Learn more on our Book Club page here and sign up for our emails here.
2023 JourneyWoman Travel Books for Women (April – September)
April Book of the Month: New Zealand
“Remember Me” by Charity Norman
Chosen by readers in last year’s poll, this book was published in March 2022 and is finally available and at a reasonable cost for those who would like to purchase a new copy. Since we know New Zealand is on many bucket list, we thought we’d give it a go first!
The plot is one that many of us can relate to, as it involves caregiving. In this book, Emily returns to New Zealand’s North Island to take care of her father, who is struggling with Alzheimer’s disease. Once there, she finds her hometown still haunted by the mysterious disappearance of a young woman 25 years before. Now, shattering truths about the past threaten to rip the close-knit community apart.
This is a heartfelt, page-turning suspense novel from the bestselling author of The Secrets of Strangers – ideal reading-group fiction, perfect for fans of Jodi Picoult and Liane Moriarty. Shortlisted for Best Crime Novel in the Ngaio Marsh Awards for Crime Fiction, and for Best International Crime Fiction in the Ned Kelly Awards.
Sign up for the April 19 book club here
May Book of the Month: Kyoto, Japan
The Kimono Tattoo by Rebecca Copeland
If you love textiles, you’ll love this book, wihch takes takes readers on an intricate journey into Kyoto’s intraicate world of kimono design. Written by Rebecca Copeland, this is her debut work, wihch touches on questions of identify, belonging and self-discovery.
This high-octane multicultural thriller centres around American translator, Ruth Bennett, who recently returned to her childhood home in Kyoto, after losing her job in the United States (and her marriage). Ruth was hoping her new job would offer a quiet diversion, perhaps even boost her flagging confidence. But she soon finds the storyline in the mysterious novel she’s translating is leaking into her everyday life. Fictional characters turn out to be real, and the past catches up with the present in a menacing way. Using her skills as a translator and her intimate knowledge of both kimono and Kyoto, Ruth is forced to confront a vicious killer along with her own painful family secrets.
The Kimono Tattoo is an intelligent escape-into the past, into the mind, into a fascinating culture. Finely crafted and perfectly paced, this literary thriller remains engrossing long after the last sentence, opening a world that lingers in the imagination.” – Jeannette Cooperman, St. Louis Media Hall of Fame journalist, essayist, and author of A Circumstance of Blood
Sign up for the May 17 Book Club here
June Book of the Month
“The Girl with the Louding Voice” by Abi Daré (Nigeria)
We can all relate to the need for women to find their voice — and freedom. This is the unforgettable story of Adunni, a 14-year-old Nigerian girl who knows what she wants: an education and the debut novel of Abi Daré, who grew up in Lagos, Nigeria and has lived in the UK for 18 years.
As the only daughter of a broke father, Adunni is a valuable commodity. Removed from school and sold as a third wife to an old man, her life amounts to this: four goats, two bags of rice, some chickens and a new TV. When unspeakable tragedy swiftly strikes in her new home, she is secretly sold as a domestic servant to a household in the wealthy enclaves of Lagos, where no one will talk about the strange disappearance of her predecessor, Rebecca. No one but Adunni…
As a yielding daughter, a subservient wife, and a powerless servant, fourteen-year-old Adunni is repeatedly told that she is nothing. But Adunni won’t be silenced. She is determined to find her voice – in a whisper, in song, in broken English – until she can speak for herself, for the girls like Rebecca who came before, and for all the girls who will follow.
“I’m excited about this debut novel from Nigerian author Abi Daré. . . . In Nigeria, and around the world, girls are fighting for their right to learn. I’m grateful to Abi for showing the challenges Nigerian girls face and showcasing the power of their voices.”— Malala Yousafzai
“A celebration of girls who dare to dream.”—Imbolo Mbue, author of Behold the Dreamers (Oprah’s Book Club pick)
Sign up for the June 21 Book Club meeting here
July Book of the Month: Camino de Santiago
What the Psychic Told the Pilgrim: A Midlife Misadventure on Spain’s Camino de Santiago de Compostela by Jane Christmas (Spain)
Written by Canadian Jane Christmas, this is a must-read for any woman who wants to walk the Camino de Santiago. It’s not a guidebook, rather, it’s a hilarious look at one woman’s journey through Spain that will have you laughing throughout — and inspire you to walk it on your own terms. I met Jane last fall in Bath, UK, and she’s walking the Camino again -this time from the bottom of Spain.
The description alone is compelling: “Who knew that a bottle of wine, an airline steward, and a rash of goosebumps would direct me to a 780-kilometre trek across Spain, despite the fact I had never backpacked or laced up hiking boots? I believe that every physical journey we take has a metaphysical one (or six) going on inside us simultaneously; for me, that year, those side journeys included healing a broken heart, grappling with the politics of female friendships, and trying not to be a whining middle-aged woman. Then, in the midst of it all, something wonderfully unexpected sprang up, and altered my universe. Never underestimate the power of goosebumps, but if it ends up involving 14 other women don’t say you weren’t warned.”
Registration will open soon for July 19
August Book of the Month: Florence, Italy
“Still Life” by Sarah Winman
Sarah Winman’s 2011 debut novel When God Was a Rabbit became an international bestseller and won Winman several awards including New Writer of the Year in the Galaxy National Book Awards. If you love Florence and Italy, this is a book for you, full of love and appreciation for the little things in life.
In her latest novel, published in November 2021, “Still Life”, Winman takes us Tuscany in 1944. As Allied troops advance and bombs fall around deserted villages, a young English soldier, Ulysses Temper, finds himself in the wine cellar of a deserted villa. There, he has a chance encounter with Evelyn Skinner, a middle-aged art historian who has come to Italy to salvage paintings from the ruins and recall long-forgotten memories of her own youth. In each other, Ulysses and Evelyn find a kindred spirit amongst the rubble of war-torn Italy, and set off on a course of events that will shape Ulysses’s life for the next four decades.
“A tonic for wanderlust and a cure for loneliness. It’s that rare, affectionate novel that makes one feel grateful to have been carried along. Unfurling with no more hurry than a Saturday night among old friends, the story celebrates the myriad ways love is expressed and families are formed….Endlessly charming…The novel never feels anything less than captivating because Winman creates such a flawless illusion of spontaneity, an atmosphere capable of sustaining these characters’ macabre wit, comedy of manners and poignant longing.” —The Washington Post
As Ulysses returns home to London, reimmersing himself in his crew at The Stoat and Parrot — a motley mix of pub crawlers and eccentrics — he carries his time in Italy with him. And when an unexpected inheritance brings him back to where it all began, Ulysses knows better than to tempt fate, and returns to the Tuscan hills.
With beautiful prose, extraordinary tenderness, and bursts of humor and light, Still Life is a sweeping portrait of unforgettable individuals who come together to make a family, and a richly drawn celebration of beauty and love in all its forms.
Registration will open soon for August 16
September Book of the Month: Spain and Morocco
“The Seamstress”/ “The Time In Between” by Maria Dueñas
There’s nothing I love more than reading about a country when you’re in it. After discovering Spanish author María Dueñas’ historical fiction novel at a bookstore in Malaga, I couldn’t put this down. This book is full of real characters including British spy Rosalinda Fox, who is credited with saving many lives during the war.
The Seamstress/ The Time In Between is a word-of-mouth phenomenon that catapulted María Dueñas, a debut author, to the top of Spain’s bestseller lists. It follows the continent-hopping adventures of Sira Quiroga, a naive Madrileña seamstress turned skillful spy who, through a series of misfortunes, finds herself stuck in Morocco around the time of the Spanish Civil War.
This sweeping novel, which combines the storytelling power of The Shadow of the Wind with the irresistible romance of Casablanca, moves at an unstoppable pace. Suddenly left abandoned and penniless in Morocco by her lover, Sira Quiroga forges a new identity. Against all odds she becomes the most sought-after couture designer for the socialite wives of German Nazi officers. But she is soon embroiled in a dangerous political conspiracy as she passes information to the British Secret Service through a code stitched into the hems of her dresses.
“The Time In Between” is also available to watch on PBS Masterpiece.
Registration will be open soon for September 20
More Travel Books for Women
Six Women’s Writing Retreats in Magical Places
by JourneyWoman Staff | Mar 19, 2023
Five women’s writing retreats to help women share their stories in Italy, France, Japan, Spain and Morocco.
Grief and Solo Travel: A Mother’s Memoir to Heal Her Heart
Author Becky Livingston shares the story of losing her 23-year old daughter, Rachel, and the solo journey that helped her to start healing.
5 Books by Women About Women for International Women’s Day 2023
by Tina Hartas | Mar 8, 2023
For International Women’s Day 2023, we feature five recently published books written by women, about women.
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“In someone else’s shoes:” Utilizing reflection to challenge poverty attitudes and develop critical consciousness
Jennifer M. Frank, PhD, LSW
Millersville University of Pennsylvania
[email protected]
Laura Brierton Granruth, MSW, PhD
[email protected]
Karen Rice, PhD, LSW, ACSW
[email protected]
Frank, J., Brierton Granruth, L. & Rice, K. (2022). “In someone else’s shoes:” Utilizing reflection to challenge poverty attitudes and develop critical consciousness. International Journal of Social Work Values and Ethics, 19(3), 37-59. https://doi.org/10.55521/10-019-305
This text may be freely shared among individuals, but it may not be republished in any medium without express written consent from the authors and advance notification of IFSW.
The development of a critical consciousness around issues of poverty is an essential goal of social work educators. Teaching students about poverty requires that they evaluate their preexisting attitudes to assess compatibility with professional social work ethics and values. Recognizing the meaning that students give to their prior attitudes, course experiences, and personal reflections can help social work educators better understand how shifts in poverty attitudes may occur. In this paper, the authors discuss the use of student journaling immediately following experiential learning activities as a useful process for developing empathetic understanding of issues of poverty.
Keywords: Poverty, pedagogy, journaling, critical consciousness, experiential learning
Critical theorists suggest that the perpetuation of cultural values and ideas socializes individuals in how to think about issues or problems (Ritzer, 2009). Modern technologies, coupled with social media, provide an infrastructure for the dissemination of mass culture. For example, cultural stereotypes about the poor as lazy, criminal, and uneducated are embedded in popular movies and contending narratives. If such attitudes are left unchecked, individuals risk the cooptation of their own agency to the stereotypes most readily accessible within mass culture. Our students are susceptible to these same influences.
Pejorative attitudes about the poor are not new. In the United States, a long-standing history of negative poverty narratives has influenced both culture and relief efforts (Trattner, 1999). The social work profession has the responsibility of combating these attitudes and preparing social work students with “poverty awareness” (Davis & Wainwright, 2005, p. 229) and empathy (Frank & Rice, 2017; Frank et al., 2019).
Teaching students about poverty requires that they evaluate their preexisting attitudes to assess compatibility with professional social work ethics and values. For example, Delavega and Reyes Cordero (2019) note that social work has an “ethical responsibility to assess and intervene in the larger economic contexts” (p. 81) and they recommend the development of an ethical financial framework for teaching social workers how to assess, engage in, and advocate for an economic system that is inclusive of all people, especially the vulnerable and marginalized. However, Castaneda and Salame, as cited in Delavega and Reyes-Cordero (2019) noted that current social work competencies are inadequate learning goals as regards our current political economy. The development of a critical consciousness in social work learners around issues of poverty must be an essential goal of social work educators and should be included in the updated 2022 Education Policies and Standards for the development of the social work competencies.
In order to address oppression, in the spirit of Freire (1971), we must acknowledge that the oppression of one implicates all. This paper describes the use of journaling and individual reflection in response to experiential learning activities inside and outside of the classroom as a means to help students develop and to help teachers evaluate critical consciousness. A symbolic interactionist framework is useful for helping us to recognize the meaning students give to their prior attitudes, course experiences, and personal reflections, which can help us to better understand how shifts in attitudes about poverty may occur.
Perceptions of Poverty
Poverty remains pervasive in the United States (Iceland, 2013). In this context, poverty in the United States is defined in absolute terms by household income compared to a formal standard (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2020). In 1990, the poverty rate was 13.5%, while in 2018 it was 11.8% (Duffin, 2020). The highest rates of poverty were 15.1% in 1993 and 15.5% in 2010 (after economic recessions, with the latter often referred to as the Great Recession). The lowest poverty rate was 11.3% in 2000. Despite the 30-year time span from 1990 until now, the poverty rate has remained intractable. Perhaps this is so because poverty remains poorly understood. It is not uncommon in American society for poverty to be ascribed to individual failings, often referred to as the Culture of Poverty (Lewis, 1966). Often overlooked are structural causes such as low wages or limited availability of jobs. Similarly, many Americans believe that poverty is a static, chronic condition, despite data that suggests its fluidity across the lifespan (Karger & Stoesz, 2018; Rank, 2005).
Because poverty underscores social work practice at the micro, mezzo, and macro levels, it is essential that social workers inform their work using a comprehensive, proactive, poverty-informed framework. Shaia’s (2019) development of the SHARP framework, suggests that social workers engaging in frontline practice attend to the following five components in order to properly attend to poverty:
● Structural oppression
● Historical context
● Analysis of role
● Reciprocity and mutuality
● Power
Facilitating such a practice approach begins in the classroom where students’ understanding of poverty may be attributable to preexisting attitudes, which may or may not reflect social work values and ethics. Phan and Collins (2018), in their review of the literature, identified social norms and personal ideologies that may impact support for redistributive policies. Phan and Collins (2018) also surveyed undergraduate students in introductory economics classes to test those students’ willingness to redistribute a hypothetical $1,000 based on various poverty information. They found that priming the students with knowledge about poverty had limited influence on students’ plans. Like Hoffman (2015) and Parker and Troila (2015), they posit that new information might not have much influence on well-established ideologies and values. Granruth, et. al (2018) found support in the literature suggesting that young adults tend to follow parental cues in developing their political attitudes. However, exposure to new information as college students could provide opportunities for actively questioning prior opinions (Hoffman, 2015; Parker & Trolia, 2015).
Postsecondary education should encourage students to think critically regarding poverty and its causes and responses. However, social work research on students’ attitudes about poverty is lacking (Delavega et al., 2017). Nursing and business appear to be more engaged in such research (Northrup et al., 2020; Patterson & Hulton, 2011). In particular, business programs are increasingly educating their students about poverty, both domestic poverty and global poverty (e.g., Lybert & Wydick, 2018; Neal, 2017; Paton et al., 2012; Phan & Collins, 2018).
Paton et al., (2012) used three approaches – experiential learning, whole person learning, and service learning – to transform business students from those of providers of goods and services to those of problem solvers who create markets that are based upon an understanding of the causes and consequences of poverty. Importantly, these scholars aimed to teach their students that responding to poverty is a legitimate business opportunity and not just the responsibility of governments and nonprofit organizations.
In their study of white men from lower socioeconomic backgrounds who were asked questions about the causes of poverty, Hershberg and Johnson (2019) found that answers could be characterized as individual (e.g., people were responsible for their own poverty), fatalistic (e.g., poverty due to chance, bad luck), or structural (e.g., society’s infrastructures are to blame). Their hypothesis was that, in spite of intersectionality, some experience of living in poverty might lend itself to what Freire (1971) called critical reflection, or a better awareness of systemic inequality; however, the researchers found that life experiences of poverty were not necessarily correlated with higher levels of critical reflection. Rather, the most influential experiences were those in-person connections with people in poverty (Hershberg & Johnson, 2019). This study suggests that, with appropriate time for personal reflection, human interaction might lend itself somewhat to the development of critical reflection. More research is warranted to understand the best way to challenge long-held erroneous beliefs. The values and ethics of the profession, as well as those of individual social workers, are paramount in regard to poverty practice.
In social work, the NASW Code of Ethics provides a framework for decision-making that is in accordance with our professional values and principles. The principle of social justice requires social workers to attend to the needs of “vulnerable and oppressed individuals and groups of people,” which include those experiencing economic vulnerability (NASW, 2015, p. 1). Social work scholars have written for decades about the need for social workers to understand and engage in ethical decision making in practice (e.g., Barsky, 2019; Josephs, 1985; Reamer, 2018). Prescott (2019) shared challenges in teaching social work graduate students how to critically assess ethical risks and argued that social work education programs must do more than recite values and ethics in our calls for social justice. Prescott offered education and training in “being forensic” (p.41) as one pedagogical method. “Being forensic” includes the collection of data, analysis, and clinical observations in ethical decision making.
Developing Empathy
In a previous article, the current authors reviewed the history of experiential learning and its application in social work education (Frank et al., 2019). Experiential learning is an active learning process that has been demonstrated to promote personal growth and greater self-awareness, both of which are likely to help students develop empathy. This study found that a lived experience through a shared dinner and discussion was transformational for students and might have led to increased empathy. Although it is evident that experiential learning can be an effective tool for developing empathy, it may be that a tangible shift in attitudes occurs for students within their personal reflection upon it.
Reflection and Journaling
Purposeful reflection upon experiences could serve as a vehicle for changing our interpretation and understanding of those experiences. If reflection is the process of delineating and examining our interpretation of certain experiences, formally doing so may provide the opportunity to replace prior assumptions with new insights. Using Freire’s (1971) construction of critical consciousness allows us to envision this process as one with the power to create a shared understanding, critical of the status quo, reconstructed with a lens of empathy.
Reflective journaling has been used in Social Work education for decades. Journaling has also been used in nursing programs to help students to connect their thoughts and feelings with their observations of poverty. One study examined nursing students’ perceptions of poverty while visiting an impoverished developing country by analyzing their use of reflective journaling (Taliaferro & Diesel, 2016). The researchers found that reflective journaling was positively associated with increased insight and deeper meaning around the experiences and situations they had observed. Another study of nursing students echoed such effectiveness, noting that journaling can give form to thoughts and ideas (Schuessler et al., 2012). Nursing students were required to keep reflective journals which, through analysis, demonstrated ways that cultural humility developed for students as they reflected on their experiences (Schuessler et al., 2012).
The Course and Reflection Exercises
Perspectives on Poverty in America is an introductory first-year seminar for social work majors in their first semester of a Council on Social Work Education (CSWE) accredited baccalaureate program. The focus of the course is to survey a variety of perspectives on poverty by examining media, movies, social welfare agencies, and the lived experiences of people in poverty. The textbook for the course focuses on the narratives of lived experiences, which the students then compare to these first-hand stories. Students participate in a variety of experiential learning activities in the course, including a class trip to a social service agency. On a weekly basis, students examine narratives from the text, social media interpretations of poverty, historical and current information about poverty, and hear from local social service agencies about their approaches to work with people in poverty. During the course, students also work in groups to research a subpopulation of interest and do several interactive and reflective activities that are briefly discussed below.
The premise of the course is that experiential learning, coupled with targeted individual and group reflection, will help students develop perspectives on poverty that are congruent with social work ethics and values, including empathy and seeing the clients as the experts. Because these exercises require students to feel some of the stresses that may be associated with making decisions, instigating relationships, finding resources, or challenging assumptions, it is necessary that students take time to reflect upon their initial assumptions and how their experiences in the activities might have challenged them. Reflective journaling provides students with an opportunity to write their thoughts and ideas down as a way of articulating them and processing what meaning they might find in them. Individual written reflections and large group discussion reflections provide an atmosphere conducive to challenging ideas and creating a critical consciousness (Freire, 1971).
Economic Vulnerability Project (EVP). In this exercise, students work in small groups to create a life plan for a family of four. They must locate employment, childcare, transportation, and housing using only local resources and in real time. Students use Craigslist, newspaper ads, and other local resources to put together a monthly budget and plan for their family. After completing the exercise, which almost always ends up in an unbalanced budget with significant needs not met, students complete an individual reflection sheet to document their feelings and analysis of this experience.
The Food Stamp Challenge (FSC). Students work in groups to create a specific and ideal food plan for one week for a family of four. Weekly meal plans must include all of the breakfasts, lunches, dinners, and snacks that the family will need. From this meal plan, students create a grocery list of foods in the appropriate quantities. Students are encouraged to create a healthy menu and to be creative by using Pinterest or other websites to obtain meal ideas. On foot or using public transportation only, student groups must visit (as a group) the grocery store of their choice and shop for the items on their list, keeping a running tab of all their expenses. During this visit, they are informed that their actual budget will be based upon the maximum allotment of food stamps (SNAP) available, which is roughly $4/per person/per day, or $112 total for a family of four for one week. Students cannot exceed this amount. Additionally, students are not permitted to purchase any items that are not covered by SNAP benefits (e.g., non-food items, prepared foods, etc.). If the total amount would exceed $112, students must change their items and menu accordingly. After the completion of this assignment, students complete an individual reflection of the experience. Group discussion and large group reflection also occur as we review the various meal plans and experiences of the groups in class.
Course Reflection Journal (CRJ). Throughout the semester, students are required to keep an informal journal, making notes of insights inside and outside of class that occur to them about topics related to poverty. Specifically, students are asked to articulate their own personal assumptions about poverty and to critically analyze various influencing parts of their life that have informed these messages (e.g., their family, the news, popular movies, social media). At the end of the course, students are required to synthesize the contents of their journal using targeted prompts around their assumptions, scenarios that have challenged their assumptions, and the messages that they have internalized from various circles of influence.
Study Design and Participants
The design for this study was a secondary data analysis of assignment and course reflections from two cohorts of students who had previously completed the course Perspectives on Poverty in America. Over a period of two years, 2018 and 2019, students’ reflections on experiential learning activities were collected from the course. In accordance with the university’s IRB, approval was granted to conduct a secondary data analysis of these reflections and journaling activities. This approach is in line with research ethics utilized in ethnographic studies and participant observation. Further, this approach allowed us to control for bias and threats to the internal validity of the study (e.g. participant reactivity, Hawthorne effect, social desirability bias).
During the course, students’ reflections on two assignments (Economic Vulnerability Project and the Food Stamp Challenge) were collected along with their Reflection Journal at the close of the course. The research was conducted after the course was over and had no bearing on students’ participation in the course or grade for the course. While the study design was a secondary data analysis of student reflections, and as such the students were not directly research participants, a breakdown of the total students and general demographic information might be helpful. Generally, the course was populated by predominantly Caucasian female students. Specifically, in 2018, there were 25 students enrolled in the course which included two male students and four students of color. In 2019, there were 26 students enrolled in the course which included four male students and six students of color.
Twenty student reflections were collected in 2018 for the Economic Vulnerability Project. Eighteen student reflections were collected for the Food Stamp Challenge. In 2019, nineteen student reflections were collected for the Economic Vulnerability Project and 16 reflections on the Food Stamp Challenge. Twenty-three students’ Course Reflection Journals were collected for analysis in 2018 and 21 Course Reflection Journals were collected in 2019. Only a single assignment reflection for each exercise and a single reflection journal were collected from each individual student.
All identifying information was replaced by an alphanumeric code and the data were compiled, organized, and analyzed in bulk. Data were organized using NVivo 12 Plus (2018) into folders by year and by assignment. A chart of respondents was created to document the source of any quotes that were used.[1]
Multiple researchers (3) participated in the data analysis, only one of whom was the course instructor. The research team used an inductive approach to pattern and thematic analyses (Denzin & Lincoln, 2018). Data analysis began with open coding for each of the assignments to generate the initial codes, or Nodes, as indicated by NVivo 12 Plus (2018). These nodes were then collapsed into overarching themes. Associated nodes were tucked back underneath these overarching themes to craft an exploratory framework that addressed the way the course structure guided students through new reflective learning. Researchers then analyzed the overarching themes by assignment and created a third level of codes that were associated with overall findings for the reflections of the class in general. No major differences were noted across the yearly cohorts. To guard against bias, the three researchers independently analyzed the data. Any discrepancies in codes or analysis, which were rare, were discussed between researchers.
This study was affected by the types of limitations inherent in qualitative research, such as the limits to external generalizability and challenges in demonstrating rigor. The volume of data provided a challenge as well; however, Nvivo 12 was helpful in mitigating this. Because the instructor of the course was a researcher on this project, it was necessary to attend to potential bias, which was accomplished using triangulation between the other researchers, which enhanced the trustworthiness of the findings.
The use of secondary data represented a convenience sample of students, which also provided an additional limitation. Because the students were all social work majors, they might have already had a particular orientation toward values conducive to social work; however, because they were first-semester students, they had not had any formal social work education prior to their participation in this course. Therefore, it is difficult to assess that change over time had occurred in the absence of students making that observation of themselves through their own reflections.
Although the assignments upon which the students reflected were intended to expose the harsh realities associated with the complex decision-making processes that economically challenged families face, one cannot assume that all of our students lacked personal first-hand experience. To the contrary, some students expressed the realization of how hard it probably was for their own parents/caregivers while they (the students) were growing up, suggesting that even students with their own lived experiences could gain insight through the course activities. The qualitative methodology, combined with the small sample, could only offer an exploration into these themes. In order to craft a more explanatory framework, additional research with different methods would be warranted.
Findings/Results
Students noted that their experiences within the course provided new ways for them to learn the material, through experiential activities that required them to solve problems, by meeting new people, and by trying new things outside of the classroom. In the context of their reflections, students shared emotionally-oriented responses as a result of these experiences. For both the Economic Vulnerability Project (EVP) and the Food Stamp Challenge (FSC), the thematic analysis revealed that the emotional responses experienced by students included: frustration, stress, mental fatigue, and anger.
Emotional Responses
Frustration. In regard to the EVP, one student noted that “this exercise was very challenging and frustrating. Our group had a hard time getting everything together. It is impossible to live off the amount of money that we made without government or local assistance. The whole exercise was difficult” (5B). Another noted that while it “was frustrating to figure out, it also opens my eyes to how hard it must be for people in situations like these that don’t receive no aid or help at all” (6B). With the FSC, the responses were quite similar. One student noted that “I know for me personally I couldn’t imagine choosing between food and housing but for some people that is a constant struggle” (18B). Frustration also resulted when students were faced with information that challenged what they previously assumed to be true. “It was frustrating because I thought SNAP recipients received much more assistance when they actually do not and options are very limited” (1A). It appears that an emotional response was the precursor to the student then translating that experience into empathy. Additionally, it was evident that the act of making difficult choices within the assignment pushed the student into an area of reflection where they could consider what this scenario might be like for an individual experiencing it in their life.
Stress. Sometimes students called the emotions that they were feeling “stress.” Regarding the EVP, one student noted that “[t]his was very stressful and definitely showed me how hard it is to live on minimum wage” (1B). Another student explained that “I was very stressed about this project. The most stressful part was figuring out how to pay for everything that we needed, and that we were not allowed to use an assistance program” (19B). The same held true for the FSC. One student said, “This exercise was stressful. It took trial and error to create our list of purchases. It really showed how challenging it can be for a family to live off of food stamps” (3A). Another said, “It was very stressful, we had to keep making adjustments to fit our budget and we found that extremely difficult to do. I now have a better understanding of how difficult this must be to do for someone living on food stamps, especially with children to provide for” (8A). For some students, this stress took them by surprise. “It was a lot more stressful than I thought it would be. Having to search an entire store to look for deals. I can’t imagine how much that stress would multiply with children along for the ride” (12B). They then related that to an empathic response toward someone having these types of struggles in their real lives.
Mental Fatigue. Students experienced mental fatigue from these exercises. One student stated that “[t]he exercise was way more difficult than I expected. I never thought that it would be so hard to actually find everything with next to no money. It greatly expanded my understanding and the struggle that impoverished people go through” (3B).
Another student shared that:
“This exercise was very difficult. It felt like every time we figured one thing out, another problem came from that. We learned that childcare is very expensive and that it is impossible to live off two minimum wage workers without assistance of any kind. We were in debt by almost $1,000 a month. It made me very frustrated and made me question a lot. I don’t understand how someone thinks a family can live off one minimum wage worker. It was hard to do this exercise and we felt like just giving up and not trying to get out of debt because it felt impossible” (4B).
The sense that they had “tried everything” seemed to inform these emotions. After pushing forward through a decision-making process, students appear to arrive at the realization that there were issues (e.g., structures in society) that they could not overcome even after individual and group contemplation.
“Another thing that shocked me was how expensive childcare is. That took up almost half of our budget. However, this was a necessity because we needed someone to look after the one child. In conclusion, this exercise changed my outlook on prices, how hard life can be just getting by, and how much people must pay to try and live a life outside of poverty. Also, it made me realize even more how hard it is to not go into debt from working a minimum wage job” (13B).
Anger. Students became upset as a result of their frustration, stress, and mental fatigue. One student clearly identified this cumulative feeling as “anger.”
“It made me very upset because how can the government or any one for that matter expect anyone to make a living while getting paid minimum wage. It just is not right. I felt myself getting angry while doing this” (11B).
While it is difficult to know why students were angry, one hypothesis might be that students experienced emotional responses as a result of dissonance between any preexisting poverty assumptions and the structural realities with which they were faced.
Putting Self in Someone Else’s Shoes
Analysis suggested that, via their own reflections, students took their emotions and translated them into empathy. This meant that students seemed to drive their frustration, stress, mental fatigue, and anger into the energies required to put themselves figuratively into the struggles that they would imagine individuals in poverty likely faced. One student explained that:
“To be completely honest, this was one of the most stressful assignments I’ve had in a while, just because of the fact I told my brain that this could be me, this happens every day to different people in poverty in different ways and I couldn’t even put a penny into an absolute emergency savings. It really puts you in the shoes of your created family and gets you involved in the survival and wellbeing of an innocent family of four and it was quite stressful” (16A).
One student noted that the FSC “put the situation of poverty into perspective because it was stressful to walk there (to the store) and figure out what we were able to get with our funds when normally we can just drive to the store and get what we want. I couldn’t imagine managing children while doing this” (22A). Another student added that “I know for me personally I couldn’t imagine choosing between food and housing but for some people that is a constant struggle” (18B).
Seeing Their Own Families’ Struggle Anew
While one student noted that they “really like activities like this where we get to put ourselves in someone else’s shoes. It is very creative and certainly helped us see from a new perspective” (16A)’ for others, that perspective hit much closer to home. Many students shared how they saw themselves, their parents, or their families in a new way because of their experiences during the assignment.
“This exercise was honestly super stressful. I do not feel like this is acceptable and nobody should have to live in these conditions. I can understand how somebody like this may feel though, I feel like this is how a lot of my family lives” (12A).
“This exercise really opened my mind up to how difficult it must have been for my mom to do this on her own with 2 children” (14B).
“This was the most stressful project I ever worked on. It felt like I was wearing the shoes of the family that we were describing. It felt like my group was the family going through it and we were trying to figure out how to survive. Two questions that came up a lot in the group was whether shelter or food was more important and how in the world were we going to feed our children” (9B).
“I now understand a lot more and why my mom used to say you can’t get that at the store. I thought she just didn’t want me to get it but now I know like SHE COULDN’T AFFORD IT. I have so much respect for what my mother went through and did for her children” (14B).
Changing Perspectives
In their reflections, students noted that their experiences during the assignments, and sometimes the course in general, forced them to challenge perspectives that they held (either knowingly or unknowingly) prior to the course or the assignment. They tended to call this process out as being “eye opening.” Students noted that the EVP:
“…was a real eye opener for me personally” (18B)
“…open [ed] my eyes to how hard it must be for people in situations like these that don’t receive [any] aid or help at all” (6B)
“…I think this exercise was super helpful for the class especially, because it probably opened up a lot of people’s eyes like it did to mine” (3B)
Overall, many students shared these sentiments in their reflections as to how the exercises and course served to challenge and change long-held perspectives:
“Through this class though, many of my assumptions were challenged and my way of thinking has changed. Prior to the start of class, I had thought that most welfare recipients were lazy people who didn’t want to work. I also would get angry when I would be in line at Walmart and saw someone using food stamps to purchase food that is of a better quality then what I could actually afford. A frequent question that came to mind in these times was ‘Why is my hard-earned money that I worked for being given to these people for free? They aren’t the only ones struggling.’ This view was based primarily on the fact that I was uneducated; however, it wasn’t the only reason. Growing up my family struggled a lot due to the fact that my dad lost his well-paying job when he got sick. As I sit here and reflect, I realize that the prior assumptions that I just listed above are false. Through this class I realized that people on welfare work hard and aren’t lazy. Don’t get me wrong, there are some people who are lazy and on welfare but that doesn’t accurately represent the majority of welfare recipients” (11A).
One student noted that “In the end, I have a completely different outlook for those in poverty and understand more why people are in that place” (13B).
Reflections appeared to have provided students with the opportunity to experience these assignments and offered them the opportunity to articulate the changes in their attitudes and how such changes came about. As evidenced by their responses, students seemed to come to the collective realizations that poverty is a multi-faceted experience, that poverty could happen to anyone, and that the structures in society had a lot more to do with instances of poverty and general misfortune than they had previously thought. This collective consciousness was marked by a change toward viewing the structures in society as having a greater influence on poverty than individual failures. Excerpts from students’ Course Reflection Journals (CRJ) reinforced these themes:
“The things that I have learned that have challenged my prior assumptions are that being in poverty does not mean you are lazy, or abuse alcohol and drugs. Poverty is not a simple thing and it is not easy to get out of” (4B).
“The content discussed in this class gave me a different understanding of what poverty is really like. When people think of poverty some of the first things that pop into their heads are negative. For example, many judge others in harsh ways when they see them using food stamps, or they think they aren’t doing anything to help themselves when in reality, maybe they can’t get a job because of a medical issue. The group projects like the food stamp challenge and the economic vulnerability project was a good experience to have. This class served as an eye opener and gave a deeper understanding of what the word poverty really means” (21A).
“It [poverty] is not always a cause of wrongdoing in a person’s life. It can often be due to circumstance and ‘luck of the draw’ for some. Prior to taking this course, I assumed that if you were in poverty, it had to mean that you have chosen a path in life that was the cause of your life going down this particular direction. I never would have imagined that it could be due to factors such as lack of adequate paying jobs, not being able to afford transportation or not even being able to access the sources needed in order to get a job” (8A).
“I always assumed that poverty was people being lazy, not wanting to work, or caring about themselves when that is not the case. This class did change my perspective on poverty and challenged me to see it differently” (7A).
The intentional examination of large issues, in this case poverty and the lived experiences of those in it, may actually leave individuals more uneasy than if they chose to leave their bias unexamined (Ritzer, 2009). For that reason, it is essential for educators to provide opportunities for this type of exploration in an experiential and relatively “safe” environment. Given the proper context, the reexamination of bias can be reflected upon instead of leaving mass culture to determine. Symbolic interactionists may offer some insight into the dynamic nature of the reflection process. Because individuals are not simply participants to be acted upon by mass culture, but instead are dynamic beings who have the ability to reflect upon and change culture, these reflections themselves may offer insight into how attitudes and perceptions are not only formed but augmented. The consciousness of human beings provides them with the ability to shape interactions and ideas (Ritzer, 2009). In this case, the utilization of experiential learning activities and the active reflection that occurred afterward, provided an opportunity to work out their emotional responses into the adoption of new ideas and the construction of personal empathy. Reflection provided the framework for shaping and sculpting ideas.
Critical consciousness develops in response to experiences (Roy et al., 2019), but perhaps it is more specifically shaped by the internalized meanings that individuals attribute to objects and experiences. Through this meaning-making process, it is possible that prior biases are questioned and replaced with new understandings about social phenomena. In effect, crafting experiences that create cognitive dissonance between pejorative assumptions and actual lived experiences encourage the actor to challenge prior knowledge and replace it with more empathic understanding. Journaling and reflection provide a formal opportunity for this meaning-changing process.
Freire’s (1971) construct of “critical consciousness” can be used to describe the ways in which individuals reconstruct their own personal realities in communion with others. The development of a deeper collective understanding may result from the active reconstruction of ideas after shared experiences. Hershberg and Johnson (2019) describe the complexities of such a process and how the intersectionalities of one’s identity might complicate the process through multifaceted group membership in both oppressed and privileged groups. In this study, the researchers found that students were able to participate in this process through reflection and journaling on the activities that they participated in together. In many cases, these shared experiences and decision-making processes caused them to have emotional responses that needed to be worked out and processed. Thus, students reflected upon themselves and their own lived-experiences as requisite building blocks of building a “critical consciousness.”
Students in this course seemed to realize, in the context of their journal and reflection, that a challenge to pre-existing assumptions was warranted and perhaps overdue. They realized, especially when looking for local housing for the Economic Vulnerability Project or food in the grocery store for the Food Stamp Challenge, that necessities are very expensive. They noted that a lack of resources overall would make a challenge in one area expand to other areas of one’s life. This seemed to help students develop a form of a collective consciousness around the general notion that poverty could happen to anyone, that it was more of a transitory experience and less a type of person. And that given the reality of societal structures, which included the costs of housing and the inability of the minimum wage to make ends meet, the limits and challenges with the social safety net, that individuals were likely not taking advantage of government programs and that such programs likely did not do enough to help those in need.
Many aspects of the learning experience provide barriers or opportunities to develop awareness, new understanding, and critical consciousness. Taylor (2019) suggests that aspects of the interpersonal relationships between students may assist in learning such as the development of dialogue and helping peers see a broader concept. In some ways learning as a cohort and among other learners can facilitate this process of developing critical consciousness. But attitude shifts at the individual level may require individual level personal reflection, consideration of new evidence, and a decision-making process to select a new perspective as a result of these shared experiences.
As social work instructors, it is our responsibility to intervene here. We must create exercises both inside and outside of the classroom that challenge students’ prior assumptions and provide them with the opportunity and framework to reflect upon these experiences. It is in the active individual and collective reflection upon our experience and attitudinal changes may occur. Further, as these experiences occur in tandem with other parallel learning, students are able to develop a critical consciousness around social justices alongside their peers. Pedagogical interventions that intend to challenge pre-existing assumptions about any social issue should therefore work to embed appropriate reflection opportunities for students to work out their ideas in a reflexive way. In doing such, the potential for new learning to occur may increase and the development of critical consciousness might become a true possibility for students as part of their learning process.
Barsky, A.E. (2019). Ethics and values in social work: An integrated approach for a comprehensive curriculum. Oxford University Press.
Davis, A. & Wainwright, S. (2005). Combating Poverty and Social Exclusion: Implications for Social Work Education. Social Work Education, 24(3), 259-273.
Delavega, E., Kindle, P., Peterson, S., & Schwartz, C. (2017). The blame index: Exploring the change in social work students’ perceptions of poverty. Journal of Social Work Education, 53(4), 664-675.
Delavega, E. & Cordero, K.R. (2019). The ethics of financial work. Journal of Social Work Values and Ethics, 16(2), 81-91.
Denzin, N. & Lincoln, Y. (2018). The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research (5th edition). Thousand Oaks.
Duffin, E. (2020, September 17). U.S. Poverty rate by year 1990-2018. Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/200463/us-poverty-rate-since-1990/.
Frank, J.M., Girvin, H., Granruth, L, & Van Buskirk, A. (2019). Bridging the Gap Together: Utilizing Experiential Pedagogy to teach Poverty and Empathy. Journal of Social Work Education, 56(4), 779-792.
Frank, J.M., & Rice, K. (2017). Perceptions of poverty in America: using social empathy to reframe students’ attitudes. Social Work Education, 36(4), 391-402.
Freire, P. (1971). Pedagogy of the oppressed. Bloomsbury.
Granruth, L.B., Kindle, P.A., Burford, M.L., Delavega, E., Johnson, D.H., Petersen, S., & Caplan, M.A. (2018). Changing social work students’ perceptions of the role of government in policy class. Journal of Social Work Education, 54(1), 110-121.
Hershberg, R.M. & Johnson, S.K. (2019). Critical Reflection About Socioeconomic Inequalities Among White Young Men from Poor and Working-Class Backgrounds. Clinical Psychology, 55(3), 562-573.
Hoffman, A. H. (2015). Institutionalizing political and civic engagement on campus. Journal of Political Science Education, 11, 264–278.
Iceland, J. (2013). Poverty in America. University of California Press.
Joseph, M.V. (1985). A model for ethical decision making in clinical practice. In Carel.B. Germain (Ed.), Advances in clinical practice, 2207-271. Silver Spring: National Association of Social Workers.
Lewis, O. (1966). The Culture of Poverty. Scientific American, 215(4), 19-25.
Karger, H. & Stoesz, D. (2018). American social welfare policy: A pluralist approach (8th Ed). Pearson.
National Association of Social Workers (2021). The Code of Ethics, https://www.socialworkers.org/About/Ethics/Code-of-Ethics/Code-of-Ethics-English
Northrup, A., Berro, E., Spang, C. & Brown, M. (2020). Teaching poverty: Evaluation of two simulated poverty teaching interventions with undergraduate nursing students. Journal of Nursing Education, 59(2), 83-87.
Parker, E. T., & Trolian, T. L. (2015). Collegiate diversity experiences and students’ views regarding social and political involvement. Journal of Student Affairs Research and Practice, 52, 387–400.
Paton, B., Harris-Boundy, J., & Melhus, P. (2012). Integrating Global Poverty into Mainstream Business Classrooms. Journal of Teaching in International Business, 23, 4-23.
Patterson, N. & Hulton, L. (2011). Enhancing nursing students’ understanding of poverty through simulation. Public Health Nursing, 29(2), 143-151.
Phan, N. & Collins, S. (2019). Information about the poor and support for redistributive policies. Economics and Finance, 43, 618–630.
Rank, (2005). One nation underprivileged: Why poverty affects us all. Oxford University Press.
Reamer, F.G. (2018). Social work values and ethics (5th Ed.). Columbia University Press.
Ritzer, G. (2009). Contemporary social theory and its classical roots. McGraw Hill.
Roy, A., Raver, C., Masucci, M., & DeJoseph, M. (2019). “If they focus on giving us a chance in life we can actually do something in this world?”: Poverty, inequality, and youths’ critical consciousness. Developmental Psychology, 55(3), 550-561.
Schuessler, J., Wilder, B., & Byrd, L. (2012). Reflective journaling and development of cultural humility in students. Nursing Education Perspectives, 33(2), 96-99.
Shaia, W. (2019). SHARP: A framework for addressing the contexts of poverty and oppression during service provision in the United States. Journal of Social Work Values & Ethics, 16 (1), 16-26.
Taliaferro, D. & Diesel, H. (2016). Cultural impact with reflective journaling. International Journal for Human Caring, 20(3), 155-159.
Taylor, K. (2021). Exploring the complexities of peer interactions in fostering development toward critical consciousness. Journal of Diversity in Higher Education, 14(1), 50-62.
Trattner, W. (1999). From the poor law to the welfare state: A history of social welfare in America. The Free Press.
United States Department of Health and Human Services (2020, January 8). Poverty Guidelines. Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation. https://aspe.hhs.gov/poverty-guidelines.
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Why is it called under the feet of Jesus?
What does the title Under the Feet of Jesus mean?
What does Petra keep Under the Feet of Jesus?
Where does Under the Feet of Jesus take place?
When was Under the Feet of Jesus take place?
What happens in the end of Under the Feet of Jesus?
Where is Estrella from in under the feet of Jesus?
How old is Petra in under the feet of Jesus?
Who is Perfecto in under the feet of Jesus?
Why do you think that Estrella refuses to help Perfecto tear down the barn?
How does Estrellas character develop?
What can we learn from Acts Chapter 3?
What is Act 3 about in the Bible?
What time is the 9th hour in the Bible?
What does ninth hour mean in the Bible?
What is the hour of prayer in Acts 3?
Who is the prophet in Acts 3?
What is the meaning of Silver and gold I have none?
What is the title of Jesus in Acts 3 15?
Who prayed 5 times a day in the Bible?
What is the first hour of the day in the Bible?
What does 7th hour mean?
The title of the book refers to birth certificates and other important documents kept in portable Jesus statues that move with the family to new locations along the agricultural production cycle. About the author.
She looks through the documents inside. They are birth certificates, baptismal certificates, marriage certificates, social security cards, ID cards, and certificates Estrella won for an essay in school. When Petra puts the documents back in place, the statue of Jesus falls over and its head breaks off.
Under the Feet of Jesus is a 1995 book by Helena Maria Viramontes, her first published novel. Released in the United States by Plume, it follows the lives of a Mexican-American immigrant family working the vineyards of California.
IT\'S INTERESTING: Where does the Bible say to judge righteously?
This is a character-driven novel, and the ending is not tied up in a cute bow. It is, however, realistic. Also, recall that this novel was written 23 years ago and must be interpreted in the context of the experiences of an immigrant family in the 1970s or 1980s.
In the midst of the commotion, Estrella steps outside. Ignoring Petra’s warnings, she heads for the mysterious barn and climbs onto the roof. As the story ends, Estrella sits under the stars and feels the power of her heart.
Meet Estrella, a girl coming of age in rural California. Estrella and her family work as agricultural laborers in California.
She is only 35 years old, but years of hard field work have left her prematurely aged. Already the mother of five children, she discovers that in the course of the novel, she has conceived another child in Perfect .
Perfect Flores.
Petra’s partner, a much older man who has already raised a pair of children to adulthood. Perfecto is known for the perfection of his craftsmanship. He struggles with his desire to leave the fields for Mexico and his knowledge that Petra and her children depend on him.
Perfecto contemplates tearing down the barn near the dilapidated bungalow and selling the wood for cash, but Estrella refuses to help him because of his strange attachment to the building.
Throughout the excerpt, Estrella’s character changes and develops in a variety of ways. The author reveals these changes through the use of literary devices such as choice of detail, figurative language, and tone of voice. When we were first introduced to Estrella, we found her to be a curious child.
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What truths can we learn from Acts 3:1-8 when we do not receive the answers and blessings we expect from our Heavenly Father? (Students may use different words, but the following truths need to be confirmed. Heavenly Father may not answer our prayers in the way we want or expect, but His answer is…
The covenant work that God made with Abraham and his descendants, the people who would become the nation of Israel, takes center stage in the third act of the biblical narrative. As far as biblical sources are concerned, this is clearly the longest act, extending from Genesis 12 to the end of the Old Testament.
Nones (/ˈnoʊnz/), also known as Nine (Latin: nona, “ninth”), the ninth hour, or Afternoon Prayer, is the fixed time of prayer of the Divine Office of almost all traditional Christian liturgies. It consists mainly of psalms and is said to be around 3:00 p.m., about nine hours after dawn.
The ninth hour in the monastery was a time when the nuns would gather in the late afternoon to pray. In the biblical sense, it was the time when Jesus cried out from the cross, “My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?
It was the ninth hour of the day, around 3:00 PM. Devout Jews prayed three times in the Temple, at 9:00 am, noon, and 3:00 pm. A special feature of the first and last prayer times was the offering of morning and evening sacrifices (Exodus 29:38-42; Numbers 28:1-8).
IT\'S INTERESTING: How can I read the Bible better?
Acts 3. Peter and John heal the lame man from birth – Peter preaches repentance – He also speaks of the time of restoration preceding the Second Coming – He identifies Christ as the prophet of whom Moses spoke He identifies Christ as the prophet of whom Moses spoke.
The meaning of “I have no silver and gold.”
He did not just tell the leper that if he had money he would give it to him. He needed to let him know that he had something excellent that he must be prepared to receive.
* [3:15] Author of Life: other possible translations of the Greek title are “Life Leader” or “Life Pioneer.” The title clearly indicates that Jesus is the source and founder of salvation.
Moses kept sending him back until the daily prayer was lowered from 50 to 5. At that point, Moses still wanted to send him back, but Muhammad told him he was too embarrassed to go again, and the number remained at 5 .
They told the king.
When does the day begin in the rest of the Bible . Milgrom clearly states that the biblical day begins in the morning, citing, for example, Genesis 19:33-34. Lev. 7:15; Num. 9:11; and 33:3. judgment 19:4-9. on Sam. 19:11.
1 The final state of eternal bliss, especially. According to the Talmud and Muslim eschatology. 2 The highest state of happiness. (C19: Named for the belief that there are seven levels of heaven, the seventh and most exalted being the abode of God and His angels) |
Book of the Month Review: “Big Magic” by Elizabeth Gilbert
March 19, 2018 Just Me Chelsea B. Post a comment
Do you guys remember that one time, when I promised you a book of the month review for February all about “Big Magic” by Elizabeth Gilbert? Well, I may be a tiny bit late coming out with this review this time around, but never fear! Today is THE day!! How excited are you? I know I am! I’m FINALLY getting around to getting this post out and it’s only taken me about 6,454,475 years to do so. Just know that I sincerely apologize for the delay, life somehow got in the way these past few ever-so-changing weeks.
Random side note for you: As I’m typing out this post, it’s currently thundering, dark and early in the AM with my coffee in hand and dogs on my side. I’m really not quite sure what could make for a better time to do a book review post, but this just might take the cake. 😉
Alright, alright–that’s enough of the rambling! Who’s ready to hear how Big Magic went? Let’s just jump right on into the good stuff.
I started this book at the beginning of February and finished it up right at the very end of the month. I listened to it on Audible, as I love to do. My favorite audiobooks are the ones that are read by the actual author themselves because it feels like you can really hear how they intended you to read the book. Their passion, their feelings and everything else is behind every word and you can really feel it through every single chapter as you go along. It helps me dive deeper into the books than I feel like I would otherwise.
I also feel like I should probably admit something here, which some of you may already know. I kind of have a mild obsession with the movie (and book), “Eat, Pray, Love“. I’ve talked about it here before on the blog, but I feel like I should mention it again in today’s post as we’re talking about the same author here, Elizabeth Gilbert. There’s just something that I love about her writing and something that really sucked me in after reading and watching “Eat, Pray, Love“. Something about the journeys she takes you on through each story is fascinating to me. I must just really love her style of writing. That doesn’t mean I’m sucked into every single book she has though, be warned. I just wanted to give you a good solid idea of where I was coming from on this review, just in case!
Initially when I started off with this book, I was somewhat thrown off. I came into it feeling like it was going to be some sort of a personal development book that leaves you feeling all sparkly with motivation and inspiration to jump up out of bed and get to being your most creative self every single day. But, to be honest, I didn’t quite feel that right off the bat when I started this book. Let’s just say it can somewhat take a little bit to get into it, shall we?
So, I kept going and getting more into it as the chapters went on. In my opinion, it DOES get better the second half of the book and dives more into sending you down those creative thinking paths. Basically, Elizabeth talks a lot about how when you’re a writer you struggle with finding your creative passion during your writing journey. At first I just kept thinking, “Well, I’m definitely NOT an author and won’t ever be one…so can I even relate to this book?” But, the truth is, I did end up relating to it. She talks about giving yourself grace basically and trusting in the path that you’re on right now. She talks about not letting the feelings of others judgements on you take a toll on how you, well in lack of better terms, “do you”. I love that! I feel like I’m always telling myself to just “be me and all else will work itself out.” Anyone else do the same thing? I just feel like if we can’t be ourselves, then what else can we be? Maybe not everyone else will be into what you are, but at the end of the day, that’s A-OK with me! This world wouldn’t go around very well if we were all the exact same human beings walking around, am I right? We need creativity and differences and opinions and different expressions of each other! That’s what makes things interesting and changing and growing all the time. I feel like when you break out of your comfort zone and talk to someone that has different likes or opinions than you do, that you’re able to broaden your perspective and grow in those times! You get to learn even more about yourself too where you get to know where you truly stand on things and how you really want to be in the end. I say all of this to say that basically this book is, in my opinion, mostly about growth and embracing your true you.
She tells you there will be bumps in the road along the way, which is life and that’s to be expected. But, she says to learn from those bumps along the way and just to trust the path that we’re being led down. It’s not like we can really get off this train anyways, so to embrace the moment we’re in and seek out the good stuff as often as possible. She also brings up that it’s never too late to find your passions, no matter your age or circumstances. I really loved that! I feel like we often get so stuck on our ages and feel like we’re running behind or it’s maybe to late to start something new, but that couldn’t be more false! If something isn’t bringing us joy anymore, we can start over anytime we’d like and I love to live my life with that mindset!
She talks about listening to what really sparks your inspiration too. You know those times when you’re working on something and all of a sudden at 2AM something wakes you up and you’re filled with ALL kinds of creative ideas? Yeah, I’ve had that happen more times than I can count. Those are the times when you really dig your heels in deep and soak it all in. She talks about embracing those moments and knowing that they’ll come often, but they’ll also go too, which is okay too! We all can find our passions and see them go when they’re meant to go too! I feel like this really relates a lot to health and fitness quite a bit! A lot of people try to force themselves to do something they genuinely don’t like to do and find themselves starting off strong and then end up hating it 2 weeks down the road. This doesn’t mean you can’t have passion for something, you just have to listen to your body and know what’s best for you and what makes you happy at the end of the day.
Overall, I’d say this book is a good read. It’s tricky to get into at first, but it definitely sparks some inspiration. It’s not all just about being an author but it does stick to that storyline quite a bit which I found a little tricky. It’s more of what you can pick out that really stands out to you, to me. I’m glad to have read this one, but it’s probably not one that I feel like I’ll re-visit much now that it’s done. It was good, but I feel like I’ve taken bit more from others more so than this book.
I hope this doesn’t steal your motivation to dive into this one, because I say, go for it! Give it a shot and see what you can take from it and let me know what you think when you finish! I’d love to hear what you learn from it and can see from your perspective. Just like Elizabeth talks about, we’re all different and have different likes and dislikes, so you may be the biggest fan or the worst critic of this one! But, it’s worth the read to find out!
AND NOW, it’s time for the March Book of the Month. (Well…. a tiny bit late of course! ;))
I’m reading “Present Over Perfect” by Shauna Niequist. I’ve heard nothing but good things about this one and am all about simplifying, especially lately! So, I can’t wait to see how this one goes and let you know what I think! Here’s hoping I’ll get this one done a lot earlier than I did “Big Magic”. Surely, I will!
Alright, and that’s a wrap on this book review! I hope it helped give you an idea of what this book brings, at least from my perspective! I encourage you to take a stab at it and see what you think when you dive into it. Make sure to comment below if you’ve read this one and tell me your thoughts! OR if you’ve read Present Over Perfect, I’d love to know that too!! Share away, friends!!
I hope you have a fabulous Monday you guys!! Do something extra special just for you today to celebrate a new week! I’m off to start my second week of work at this new job, so fingers crossed all goes well!
Questions for YOU today:
What was your latest read? Did you love it or hate it?
How was your weekend? Anything super exciting happen? Did you watch March Madness games?
Have you read Big Magic or Present Over Perfect before?
Big Changes + Time Management + New Favorites
Wednesday Randoms + No shame… |
James, Vernon & Weeks Files Suit for Whistleblower Who Says She Was Fired for Opposing Racism at Red Robin Restaurant
October 5, 2022 May 20, 2015 by Admin
(COEUR d’ALENE, Idaho — Monday, May 18, 2015) – A Post Falls, Idaho woman today filed a civil lawsuit against Red Robin International, Inc. in federal court, alleging that the company wrongfully fired her after she spoke out about unlawful and racially discriminatory hiring practices at the Coeur d’Alene, Idaho restaurant. Stacie Ward, 46, … Read more
James, Vernon & Weeks Anti-Discrimination Case Receives Community Support and Widespread Coverage
(COEUR d’ALENE, Idaho — Monday, May 20, 2015) A Whistleblower lawsuit filed by James, Vernon & Weeks on behalf of a woman who says she was fired for Opposing Racism at Red Robin Restaurant has quickly garnered wide-spread community support and news coverage. Immediately following the filing on May 20, 2015, the Firm … Read more |
Capitalism, Countryside, Right watch
When tractors marched in Washington DC: Nadia Singh
21/03/2021 Nivedita Menon Leave a comment
This post is the English translation of an article in Punjabi by NADIA SINGH, published first in Punjabi Tribune.
In a February long ago, in 1978 to be precise, thousands of American farmers rode into Washington D.C. on their tractors, from all across America. Some travelled for days together, covering journeys of hundreds of miles. What was the mission behind their long and arduous expedition? They were demanding fair prices and an equitable model of agricultural development.
Image courtesy modernfarmer.com
In the 1970s US had initiated drastic changes in its agrarian policies under the “Get Big or Get Out” paradigm. This policy sought to replace small family run farms and consolidate them into large-scale factory farms. Policy makers in the US believed that industrial farming represented a more efficient and profitable economic model, compared to small and medium farms run independently by farmers.
Till the early 1970s, US followed the doctrine of “parity pricing”, this was a system of price floors which guaranteed a certain minimum level for farming households. However, from the mid-1970s onwards, with aggressive lobbying by agri-business concerns, these minimum support guarantees began to be systematically dismantled. Also, during this time the prime interest rates in US were at an all time high at 21.5 percent owing to the oil price hike. Thousands of farmers in mid-western states were unable to keep up with their debt payments and forced into foreclosures. Foreclosure is the legal process through which a lender attempts to recover the amount owed on a defaulted loan by taking ownership of and selling the mortgaged property.
In order to protest against these adverse developments, the American Agricultural Movement was launched. On February 5, 1978, farmers from across the country began a “tractorcade” to Washington D.C., demanding protection against foreclosures and 100% parity pricing to ensure that the price of agricultural produce does not fall below the cost of production. They displayed signs saying, “Parity, not charity” and “Do not complain about famers with your mouth full.” This “tractor cade” brought Washington D.C. to a standstill. The federal government began to vilify them as “trouble makers” who were costing the exchequer $1 million in damages every single day. City dwellers and commuters in Washington too looked upon them in disdain. However, public opinion on these protesting farmers altered dramatically when on February 22, 1978 a blizzard hit Washington D.C. and the entire city was covered with a thick snow sheet. Farmers came to the rescue of citizens. With their tractors, they ploughed out hundreds of cars and aided many stranded citizens. They helped to transports doctors and nurses on duty. Women farmers volunteered to prepare meals and clean hospital wards in the absence of regular staff. They won the hearts of the locals and their sympathy.
After weeks of protest, the Jimmy Carter government gave verbal assurances to farmers against foreclosures and promised them more equitable prices for their produce in future. Farmers left the city. However, these promises proved to be shallow and farm foreclosures by banks started again by 1980. Many small and medium sized farmers were bankrupted and forced to leave agriculture altogether. Statistics reveal that between 1948-2018, four million small farms in the US disappeared, while the number of farms with 2000 acres of land and more proportionately doubled during the same period. Today, there are 250,000 factory-run farms in US, which account for 51 percent of the total agricultural production in the country.
In the ensuing years, there was vast transfer of wealth and farm profits from small and medium farmers to large agri-business corporations. These corporations started controlling the entire supply chains from “farms to forks” and agricultural production lines began to be dictated to suit their profitability. These large corporations also began to control manufacturing demand, to the detriment of small business owners in rural communities. As a result, local seed and equipment suppliers in villages were forced to close shop. Over the years, agricultural communities and farming as a way of life has become almost extinct in US. It remains but a romantic ideal in films, songs and books.
During the past four decades little economic gains have accrued to small and medium growers. Their situation continues to worsen every year. According to the estimates provided by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), farming debt is at an all time high at US $416 million and half of independent farmers in US are in debt today. At the same time, the median income of small farmers in US is minus $1553 a year as these farms are no longer profitable and incurring mounting economic losses every year. Shattered by the loss of their incomes, homes and livelihoods, many small farmers in US have resorted to suicides. Centre for Disease Control and Prevention in US has estimated that the incidence of suicides among farming communities is 1.5 times higher than the national average.
Image courtesy New York Times
Forty-three years later, the Indian farmers camping outside the borders of Delhi fear the same fate. The new farm laws introduced by the government of India are rooted in unfettered corporatization of agriculture, without giving any legal protection to farmers in the form of assured prices. Farmers regard these laws as draconian which will expose them to the vagaries of market forces and their interests will be compromised in favor of large agri-businesses. Indian farmers carry with them years of economic distress and uncertainty. Despite contributing to 19% of India’s national income and employing more than 50% of India’s labor force, agriculture continues to become less viable as a source of living with every passing year. In Punjab, regarded as India’s breadbasket 72% farmers remain in debt. They are apprehensive of private markets and concerned that without adequate government protection their already meagre income would be further eroded.
In spite of the massive farm protests, the Indian government continues to support its farm laws vehemently, on the grounds of profitability and efficiency. It must learn from the US experience, which it seeks to replicate. Altruism needs to be a defining objective of policy planning. National governments cannot compromise on equity for the sake of profitability.
Nadia Singh is a lecturer in Economics at Northumbria University, UK.
Indian farmers protestsTractorcadeUS farmers' movement
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Tag: a study of God’s character
Be Still: A Study of God’s Character (Part 2)
April 4, 2017 April 25, 2017 Kailee DiazLeave a comment
Agh! Ants…I can’t stand them, and apparently this spring they decided to move into our house. Now, I’m not referring to the little itty-bitty ants that one barely notices. These guys are full-grown carpenter ants. They look like black spiders roaming the floor, certainly, not my deal. We’ve tried a combination of everything, including the… Continue reading Be Still: A Study of God’s Character (Part 2) |
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