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75.
James Sanders, Data Breaches Increased 54% in 2019 So Far, Tech Republic, (Aug. 15, 2019),
https://www.techrepublic.com/article/data-breaches-increased-54-in-2019-so-far/.
76.
David Gilbert, Why You Should Be Worried About Getting Hacked in 2019, Vice News, (Dec.
28,
2018),
https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/8xpbyg/why-you-should-be-worried-about-
getting-hacked-in-2019.
77.
Risk Based Security, From 4,000 to 40,000 Data Breaches: People are Still the Problem, (May
3, 2019), https://www.riskbasedsecurity.com/2019/05/03/from-4000-to-40000-data-breaches-
people-are-still-the-problem/.
78.
Help Net Security, In 2019, a Total of 7,098 Reported Breaches Exposed 15.1 Billion Records,
HelpNetSecurity, (Feb 11, 2020), https://www.helpnetsecurity.com/2020/02/11/2019-reported-
breaches/.
79.
Victoria Song, Mother of All Breaches Exposes 773 Million Emails, 21 Million Passwords,
Gizmodo, (Jan. 17, 2019), https://gizmodo.com/mother-of-all-breaches-exposes-773-million-
emails-21-m-1831833456.
80.
Charlie Osborne, Data Breach Forces Medical Debt Collector AMCA to File for Bankruptcy
Protection, ZD Net, (June 19, 2019), https://www.zdnet.com/article/medical-debt-collector-amca-
files-for-bankruptcy-protection-after-data-breach/.
81.
Jessica Davis, FBI Alerts to Rise in Ransomware Attacks, Urges Victims Not to Pay, Health IT
Security, (Oct. 4, 2019), https://healthitsecurity.com/news/fbi-alerts-to-rise-in-ransomware-
attacks-urges-victims-not-to-pay.
82.
Jessica Davis, Maze Ransomware Hackers Extorting Providers, Posting Stolen Health Data,
Health IT Security, (Feb. 4, 2020), https://healthitsecurity.com/news/maze-ransomware-
hackers-extorting-providers-posting-stolen-health-data.
83.
Id.
84.
Privacy Rights Clearinghouse, Data Breaches, https://www.privacyrights.org/data-breaches.
85.
Source
of
Data:
Privacy
Rights
Clearinghouse,
Data
Breaches,
https://www.privacyrights.org/data-breaches.
86.
Online Trust Alliance, 2017 Cyber Incident & Breach Response Guide, (Jan. 25, 2017),
https://www.internetsociety.org/resources/ota/2017/2016-cyber-incident-breach-readiness-
guide/.
87.
Christopher Booker, The Seven Basic Plots: Why We Tell Stories (2006). For the curious, the
plots are (1) Overcoming the monster, (2) Rags to riches, (3) The quest, (4) Voyage and return,
(5) Comedy, (6) Tragedy, and (7) Rebirth.
88.
Danielle Citron, Reservoirs of Danger: The Evolution of Public and Private Law at the Dawn
of the Information Age, 80 S. Cal. L. Rev. 241 (2007).
89.
Steve Ranger, Encryption: More And More Companies Use It, Despite Nasty Tech Headaches,
ZD Net, (Apr. 20, 2015), https://www.zdnet.com/article/encryption-more-and-more-companies-
use-it-despite-nasty-tech-headaches/.
90.
Jessica Davis, 24% of US Health Employees Never Received Cybersecurity Training, Health IT
Security, (Aug. 21, 2019), https://healthitsecurity.com/news/24-of-us-health-employees-never-
received-cybersecurity-training.
91.
Online Trust Alliance, 2018 Cyber Incident & Breach Trends Report, (July 2019),
https://www.internetsociety.org/resources/ota/2019/2018-cyber-incident-breach-trends-report/.
CHAPTER 3
1.
Beck, et. al. v. McDonald, et. al., No. 15-1395 (4th Cir. Feb. 6, 2017).
2.
Press Release, FTC, ChoicePoint Settles Data Security Breach Charges to Pay $10 Million in
Civil Penalties, $5 Million for Consumer Redress, (Jan. 26, 2006), https://www.ftc.gov/news-
events/press-releases/2006/01/choicepoint-settles-data-security- breach-charges-pay-10-million.
3.
ACLU, FAQ on ChoicePoint, https://www.aclu.org/other/faq-choicepoint.
4.
The Online Privacy Protection Act of 2003, Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code §§ 22575-22579 (2004).
5.
California Civil Code §1798.82(g).
6.
Id. at §1798.82(a).
7.
See Ronald I. Raether, There Has Been a Data Security Breach: But is Notice Required?,
American
Bar
Assoc.:
Business
Law
Today,
(August
2011),
https://www.americanbar.org/publications/blt/2011/08/02_raether.html.
8.
Sarah D. Scalet, ChoicePoint Data Breach: The Plot Thickens, (May 1, 2005),
https://www.csoonline.com/article/2118146/choicepoint-data-breach--the-plot-thickens.html.
9.