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31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfytm174 | The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue. In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity. In humans, the blood–brain barrier, blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier, and similar fluid–brain barriers separate the peripheral immune system from the neuroimmune system which protects the brain.
Pathogens can rapidly evolve and adapt, and thereby avoid detection and neutralization by the immune system; however, multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system, in the form of enzymes that protect against bacteriophage infections. Other basic immune mechanisms evolved in ancient eukaryotes and remain in their modern descendants, such as plants and invertebrates. These mechanisms include phagocytosis, antimicrobial peptides called defensins, and the complement system. Jawed vertebrates, including humans, have even more sophisticated defense mechanisms, including the ability to adapt over time to recognize specific pathogens more efficiently. Adaptive (or acquired) immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leading to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that same pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination. | ['what is the article about?', 'how is it defined?', 'what must it do to work correctly?', 'are they also called something else?', 'is the worm helpful?', 'do pathogens change?', 'slowly?', 'how are brains protected?', 'are they solid?', 'what are they composed of?'] | {'answers': ['The immune system', 'system of many biological structures', 'detect a wide variety of agents', 'pathogens', 'No', 'Yes', 'No', 'brain barriers separate the peripheral immune system from the neuroimmune system', 'No', 'blood and fluids'], 'answers_start': [0, 0, 124, 193, 146, 702, 702, 504, 504, 504], 'answers_end': [17, 59, 199, 219, 252, 730, 740, 700, 700, 700]} |
3a9aa95atwmzoasncbfllm2ha8o5py | (CNN)It was 3:30 in the morning when Robert Alan Black was escorted into Khalifa jail.
An American in Abu Dhabi, he found himself frightened even though the other prisoners were sleeping. Movie scenes from "Midnight Express" and "Brubaker" swirled through his head.
He sat at a table in the common area, waiting for the others to wake, not knowing what the reaction would be to his presence.
Black, who has a degree in architecture, three master's degrees and a doctorate in educational psychology, was in Abu Dhabi, the capital of United Arab Emirates, for October's Creative Thinkers Conference. He was to present a workshop and emcee the event.
On a Tuesday morning, the 70-year-old got up early to take a walk in the neighborhoods near his hotel. An avid photographer, Black took his camera to snap photos of houses and a couple of the mosques he passed.
When he left the second mosque, he was approached by a man in uniform. He motioned Black to get into a camouflaged truck.
"I had no idea what he wanted," Black said, "but never felt threatened so I got in."
He was driven a short distance to a building with a sign out front that read "Reception." He waited about an hour before he was guided back outside and told, "Do not photograph security areas."
Black asked for clarification, but he was waved away with no further explanation, he said.
He decided to continue his walk. A few blocks away, he came upon a sign on a lamppost that said in English, "Photography Forbidden." Thinking a photo of the sign would make for a novel Facebook post, he snapped an image. | ['Name a film Black thought of.', 'And the other?', 'Where was Black taken?', 'When?', 'How many mosques did he visit?', 'What was he forbidden to take pictures of?', 'And what kind of areas?', 'What kind of vehicle did Black board?', 'Who bid him to board?', 'Did Black feel like getting in the vehicle was dangerous?', 'True or False: The first sign mentioned said "Reception."', 'Did Black take a picture of the second sign?', 'Why?', 'How old is Black?', 'What is his nationality?', 'Is he well-educated?', "How many master's degrees does he hold?", 'What is he a Doctor of?', 'Why was he in Abu Dhabi?', 'And for what conference?'] | {'answers': ['Midnight Express', 'Brubaker', 'A Khalifa jail', '3:30 in the morning', 'a couple', 'A Sign', 'security areas."', 'a camouflaged truck', 'a man in uniform', 'No', 'true', 'Yes', 'It would make a novel Facebook post', '70', 'American', 'Yes', 'Three', 'educational psychology', 'for taking photographs', "October's Creative Thinkers Conference"], 'answers_start': [209, 232, 72, 12, 832, 1502, 1257, 970, 922, 994, 1081, 1402, 1501, 656, 92, 398, 398, 467, 1477, 563], 'answers_end': [225, 240, 85, 31, 840, 1589, 1274, 989, 938, 1077, 1169, 1500, 1589, 757, 101, 503, 503, 503, 1589, 602]} |
3tem0pf1q5xr463wawie4xp1fk40du | The Normandy landings (codenamed Operation Neptune) were the landing operations on Tuesday, 6 June 1944 (termed D-Day) of the Allied invasion of Normandy in Operation Overlord during World War II. The largest seaborne invasion in history, the operation began the liberation of German-occupied northwestern Europe from Nazi control, and contributed to the Allied victory on the Western Front.
Planning for the operation began in 1943. In the months leading up to the invasion, the Allies conducted a substantial military deception, codenamed Operation Bodyguard, to mislead the Germans as to the date and location of the main Allied landings. The weather on D-Day was far from ideal, but postponing would have meant a delay of at least two weeks, as the invasion planners had requirements for the phase of the moon, the tides, and the time of day that meant only a few days in each month were deemed suitable. Adolf Hitler placed German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel in command of German forces and of developing fortifications along the Atlantic Wall in anticipation of an Allied invasion.
The amphibious landings were preceded by extensive aerial and naval bombardment and an airborne assault—the landing of 24,000 American, British, and Canadian airborne troops shortly after midnight. Allied infantry and armoured divisions began landing on the coast of France at 06:30. The target stretch of the Normandy coast was divided into five sectors: Utah, Omaha, Gold, Juno, and Sword. Strong winds blew the landing craft east of their intended positions, particularly at Utah and Omaha. The men landed under heavy fire from gun emplacements overlooking the beaches, and the shore was mined and covered with obstacles such as wooden stakes, metal tripods, and barbed wire, making the work of the beach-clearing teams difficult and dangerous. Casualties were heaviest at Omaha, with its high cliffs. At Gold, Juno, and Sword, several fortified towns were cleared in house-to-house fighting, and two major gun emplacements at Gold were disabled, using specialised tanks. | ['how many troops landed?', 'from how many countries?', 'please name them', 'when did the planning for this start?', 'what is this that we are talking about?', 'was this during a war?', 'which war?', 'what was the the operation for?', 'from?', 'did this operation have a codename?', 'what?', 'did they come in by water?', 'what about air?', 'what date was this?', 'of what year?', 'was the day called normandy landings?', 'then what?', 'where were the troops landing?', 'anywhere in particular?', 'was it peaceful when they landed?'] | {'answers': ['24,000', 'Three', 'American, British, and Canadian', '1943', 'The Normandy landings', 'yes', 'World War II', 'liberation of German-occupied northwestern Europe', 'Nazi control,', 'yes', 'Operation Neptune', 'yes', 'yes', '6 June', '1944', 'no', 'termed D-Day', 'coast of France', 'yes', 'no'], 'answers_start': [1210, 1217, 1217, 430, 0, 176, 183, 262, 318, 23, 33, 1091, 1132, 91, 99, 105, 105, 1349, 1378, 1585], 'answers_end': [1216, 1248, 1248, 434, 21, 195, 195, 312, 331, 50, 50, 1114, 1148, 98, 103, 117, 117, 1364, 1415, 1663]} |
3lya37p8iqn02zcg0t1qsrgaqzqbk0 | CHAPTER XI
Newman, on his return to Paris, had not resumed the study of French conversation with M. Nioche; he found that he had too many other uses for his time. M. Nioche, however, came to see him very promptly, having learned his whereabouts by a mysterious process to which his patron never obtained the key. The shrunken little capitalist repeated his visit more than once. He seemed oppressed by a humiliating sense of having been overpaid, and wished apparently to redeem his debt by the offer of grammatical and statistical information in small installments. He wore the same decently melancholy aspect as a few months before; a few months more or less of brushing could make little difference in the antique lustre of his coat and hat. But the poor old man's spirit was a trifle more threadbare; it seemed to have received some hard rubs during the summer. Newman inquired with interest about Mademoiselle Noemie; and M. Nioche, at first, for answer, simply looked at him in lachrymose silence.
"Don't ask me, sir," he said at last. "I sit and watch her, but I can do nothing."
"Do you mean that she misconducts herself?"
"I don't know, I am sure. I can't follow her. I don't understand her. She has something in her head; I don't know what she is trying to do. She is too deep for me."
"Does she continue to go to the Louvre? Has she made any of those copies for me?"
"She goes to the Louvre, but I see nothing of the copies. She has something on her easel; I suppose it is one of the pictures you ordered. Such a magnificent order ought to give her fairy-fingers. But she is not in earnest. I can't say anything to her; I am afraid of her. One evening, last summer, when I took her to walk in the Champs Elysees, she said some things to me that frightened me." | ['who returned to Paris?', 'did he continue his studies?', 'why not?', 'what was he supposed to be studying?', 'alone?', 'with who?', 'did she visit him?', 'where did someone talk a walk?', 'in the morning?', 'in the winter?'] | {'answers': ['Newman', 'no', 'he had other uses for his time', 'French conversation', 'no', 'M. Nioche', 'yes', 'Champs Elysees', 'no', 'no'], 'answers_start': [13, 44, 110, 61, 61, 93, 165, 1705, 1663, 1675], 'answers_end': [43, 93, 163, 93, 108, 108, 214, 1734, 1674, 1687]} |
3u088zljvktqdc3nrrn4wlemm4a0wb | CHAPTER XV
Mr. Amos Cuthbert named it so--our old friend Amos who lives high up in the ether of Town's End ridge, and who now represents Coniston in the Legislature. He is the same silent, sallow person as when Jethro first took a mortgage on his farm, only his skin is beginning to resemble dried parchment, and he is a trifle more cantankerous. On the morning of that memorable day when, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" came to the capital, Amos had entered the Throne Room and given vent to his feelings in regard to the gentleman in the back seat who had demanded an evening sitting on behalf of the farmers.
"Don't that beat all?" cried Amos. "Let them have their darned woodchuck session; there won't nobody go to it. For cussed, crisscross contrariness, give me a moss-back Democrat from a one-boss, one-man town like Suffolk. I'm a-goin' to see the show."
"G-goin' to the show, be you, Amos?" said Jethro.
"Yes, I be," answered Amos, bitterly. "I hain't agoin' nigh the house to-night." And with this declaration he departed.
"I wonder if he really is going?" queried Mr. Merrill looking at the ceiling. And then he laughed.
"Why shouldn't he go?" asked William Wetherell.
Mr. Merrill's answer to this question was a wink, whereupon he, too, departed. And while Wetherell was pondering over the possible meaning of these words the Honorable Alva Hopkins entered, wreathed in smiles, and closed the door behind him.
"It's all fixed," he said, taking a seat near Jethro in the window. | ['Who asked Amos if he was going to the show?', 'Was he going?', 'was he happy about going?', "What was Amos' last name?", 'Who took a mortgage out on their farm?', 'Who winked?', 'was Jethro sitting near the window?', 'Who was pondering?', 'Where does Amos live?', 'Who does Amos represent?', 'Who left?', 'Did Mr.Merrill wonder if Amos was actually going?', 'Who was laughing?', 'Who left after Amos left?', 'Who came in the rooms smiling?', 'Who sat next to Jethro?', 'Did he say anything when he entered the room?', 'what did he say as he sat down?', 'What came to the capital?', 'Who vented their feelings?'] | {'answers': ['Jethro.', 'yes', 'no', 'Cuthbert', 'Jethro', 'Mr. Merrill', 'yes', 'Wetherell', "high up in the ether of Town's End ridge", 'Coniston in the Legislature', 'Amos', 'yes', 'Mr. Merrill', 'Mr. Merrill', 'Alva Hopkins', 'Alva Hopkins', 'yes', '"It\'s all fixed,"', '"Uncle Tom\'s Cabin"', 'Amos'], 'answers_start': [859, 910, 911, 13, 208, 1183, 1454, 1262, 59, 116, 991, 1033, 1074, 1183, 1350, 1445, 1427, 1427, 392, 433], 'answers_end': [908, 936, 947, 30, 253, 1231, 1494, 1295, 114, 166, 1030, 1085, 1131, 1260, 1390, 1494, 1453, 1467, 431, 496]} |
3of2m9aatgowkxfw67hte9ndh0ykzx | Benjamin Franklin FRS, FRSE ( April 17, 1790) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States. Franklin was a renowned polymath and a leading author, printer, political theorist, politician, freemason, postmaster, scientist, inventor, humorist, civic activist, statesman, and diplomat. As a scientist, he was a major figure in the American Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries and theories regarding electricity. As an inventor, he is known for the lightning rod, bifocals, and the Franklin stove, among other inventions. He facilitated many civic organizations, including Philadelphia's fire department and the University of Pennsylvania, an Ivy League institution.
Franklin earned the title of "The First American" for his early and indefatigable campaigning for colonial unity, initially as an author and spokesman in London for several colonies. As the first United States Ambassador to France, he exemplified the emerging American nation. Franklin was foundational in defining the American ethos as a marriage of the practical values of thrift, hard work, education, community spirit, self-governing institutions, and opposition to authoritarianism both political and religious, with the scientific and tolerant values of the Enlightenment. In the words of historian Henry Steele Commager, "In a Franklin could be merged the virtues of Puritanism without its defects, the illumination of the Enlightenment without its heat." To Walter Isaacson, this makes Franklin "the most accomplished American of his age and the most influential in inventing the type of society America would become." | ['Who is this article about?', 'When was he born?', 'What school did he help create?', 'Was he an inventor?', 'How many inventions are mentioned?', 'What are they?', 'What job did he do in London?', 'For what organizations?', 'Was he a printer?', 'How many historians are quoted?', 'Who are they?', 'What kind of science experiments did he do?', 'What were his theories about?', 'He was ambassador to which country?', 'What title did he get in London?', 'Why?', 'What practical values were part of the American ethos?', 'What Philadelphia city organization did he help found?', 'Was he a Founding Father?', 'And a freemason?'] | {'answers': ['Benjamin Franklin', 'April 17, 1790', 'University of Pennsylvania', 'yes', 'three', 'lightning rod, bifocals, and the Franklin stove', 'spokesman', 'for several colonies', 'yes', 'two', 'Henry Steele Commager and Walter Isaacson', 'physics', 'electricity', 'France', '"The First American"', 'for his early and indefatigable campaigning for colonial unity,', 'a marriage of the practical values of thrift, hard work, education, community spirit, self-governing institutions, and opposition to authoritarianism both political and religious', 'fire department', 'yes', 'yes'], 'answers_start': [0, 0, 551, 442, 442, 441, 813, 835, 100, 1276, 1303, 291, 394, 881, 698, 698, 1017, 551, 0, 100], 'answers_end': [100, 77, 694, 492, 550, 527, 881, 879, 162, 1624, 1479, 441, 440, 928, 747, 879, 1214, 633, 78, 206]} |
3fq5jj512lo2381d3j6zjmg47doknw | The Dutch Republic, also known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden), Republic of the United Netherlands or Republic of the Seven United Provinces (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Provinciën), was a republic in Europe existing from 1581, when part of the Netherlands separated from Spanish rule, until 1795. It preceded the Batavian Republic, the Kingdom of Holland, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and ultimately the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands. Alternative names include the United Provinces (Verenigde Provinciën), Federated Dutch Provinces (Foederatae Belgii Provinciae), and Dutch Federation (Belgica Foederata).
Until the 16th century, the Low Countries – corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg – consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France. | ['What is this article about?', 'When did it begin?', 'What happened in 1795?', 'Does it have other names?', 'What is one of them?', 'What are the Low Countries?', 'What are they known as in modern day?', 'What makes up these countries?', 'Who ruled them?', 'Were there any exceptions?', 'What was this?', 'Who ruled Flanders?', 'What is the population of The Dutch Republic?', 'Were they ever under Spanish rule?'] | {'answers': ['Dutch Republic', '1581', 'separated', 'yes', 'Republic of the Seven United Netherlands', 'Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg', 'Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg', 'duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics', 'Holy Roman Empire', 'yes', 'Flanders', 'France', 'unknown', 'unknown'], 'answers_start': [4, 284, 319, 38, 38, 770, 770, 834, 928, 956, 983, 1023, -1, -1], 'answers_end': [18, 288, 328, 78, 78, 806, 806, 874, 945, 965, 991, 1030, -1, -1]} |
3rkntxvs3mya5nil9neeqz78bw94a4 | Homer ( , "Hómēros") is the name ascribed by the ancient Greeks to the legendary author of the "Iliad" and the "Odyssey", two epic poems which are the central works of ancient Greek literature. The "Iliad" is set during the Trojan War, the ten-year siege of the city of Troy by a coalition of Greek states. It focuses on a quarrel between King Agamemnon and the warrior Achilles lasting a few weeks during the last year of the war. The "Odyssey" focuses on the journey home of Odysseus, king of Ithaca, after the fall of Troy.
Many accounts of Homer's life circulated in classical antiquity, the most widespread being that he was a blind bard from Ionia, a region of central coastal Anatolia in present-day Turkey. Modern scholars consider them legends.
The Homeric Question—by whom, when, where and under what circumstances were the "Iliad" and "Odyssey" composed—continues to be debated. Broadly speaking, modern scholarly opinion falls into two groups. One holds that most of the "Iliad" and (according to some) the "Odyssey" are the works of a single poet of genius. The other considers the Homeric poems to be the result of a process of working and re-working by many contributors, and that "Homer" is best seen as a label for an entire tradition. It is generally accepted that the poems were composed at some point around the late 8th or early 7th century BC. The poems are in Homeric Greek, also known as Epic Greek, a literary language which shows a mixture of features of the Ionic and Aeolic dialects from different centuries; the predominant influence is Eastern Ionic. Most researchers believe that the poems were originally transmitted orally. | ["Can you name one of Homer's poems?", 'Can you name another?', 'Who is the main character in the Odyssey?', 'Was he a king?', 'Of which place?', 'After which event did the Odyssey take place?', 'How long did the Trojan war last?', 'Was Troy a state?', 'What was it?', 'Name one of the main characters in the Iliad?', 'Can you name another?', 'What is the "Homeric Question"?', 'Has it been settled?', 'Where was Homer from?', 'What modern country is that part of?', 'Was he blind?', 'On the Homeric Question, how many sides are there?', 'Does one side think there was only one author of the Iliad?', "What language are Homer's poem written in?", 'Around when were they put together?'] | {'answers': ['Odyssey', 'Iliad', 'Odysseus', 'YES', 'Ithaca', 'the fall of Troy', 'ten years', 'no', 'city', 'King Agamemnon', 'Achilles', 'by whom, when, where and under what circumstances were the "Iliad" and "Odyssey" composed', 'no', 'Ionia', 'Turkey', 'yes', 'two', 'yes', 'Homeric Greek', 'late 8th or early 7th century BC'], 'answers_start': [1024, 988, 477, 487, 495, 509, 240, 262, 262, 339, 369, 779, 869, 649, 709, 633, 947, 960, 1387, 1335], 'answers_end': [1031, 993, 485, 501, 501, 525, 249, 274, 266, 353, 378, 868, 892, 655, 715, 644, 951, 1073, 1400, 1368]} |
3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg502lj50 | According to the apocryphal Gospel of James, Mary was the daughter of Saint Joachim and Saint Anne. Before Mary's conception, Anne had been barren and was far advanced in years. Mary was given to service as a consecrated virgin in the Temple in Jerusalem when she was three years old, much like Hannah took Samuel to the Tabernacle as recorded in the Old Testament. Some apocryphal accounts state that at the time of her betrothal to Joseph, Mary was 12–14 years old, and he was thirty years old, but such accounts are unreliable.
The Gospel of Luke begins its account of Mary's life with the Annunciation, when the angel Gabriel appeared to her and announced her divine selection to be the mother of Jesus. According to gospel accounts, Mary was present at the Crucifixion of Jesus and is depicted as a member of the early Christian community in Jerusalem. According to Apocryphal writings, at some time soon after her death, her incorrupt body was assumed directly into Heaven, to be reunited with her soul, and the apostles thereupon found the tomb empty; this is known in Christian teaching as the Assumption. | ["What does the Gospel of Luke is account of who's life?", "Who was barren before Mary's conception?", 'At the time of her betrothal Joseph was what age?', 'How old was Mary?', 'Who was present at the Crucifixion of Jesus?', 'Was her body corrupt? (Mary)', 'What is known as the Assumption?', "Which Gospel begins with Mary's life?", 'Hannah took who to the Tabernacle?', 'Which Angel appeared to Mary?'] | {'answers': ["Mary's", 'Anne', 'thirty', '12–14 years old', 'Mary', 'no', 'her incorrupt body was assumed directly into Heaven', 'The Gospel of Luke', 'Samuel', 'Gabriel'], 'answers_start': [533, 100, 402, 442, 740, 929, 929, 533, 295, 608], 'answers_end': [585, 146, 495, 466, 784, 947, 980, 585, 331, 647]} |
3kgtpgbs6xlkhihwbechxlm4yil2us | Brighton is a seaside resort on the south coast of England. It is part of the city of Brighton and Hove and the ceremonial county of East Sussex, within the historic county of Sussex.
Archaeological evidence of settlement in the area dates back to the Bronze Age, Roman and Anglo-Saxon periods. The ancient settlement of "Brighthelmstone" was documented in the "Domesday Book" (1086). The town's importance grew in the Middle Ages as the Old Town developed, but it languished in the early modern period, affected by foreign attacks, storms, a suffering economy and a declining population. Brighton began to attract more visitors following improved road transport to London and becoming a boarding point for boats travelling to France. The town also developed in popularity as a health resort for sea bathing as a purported cure for illnesses.
In the Georgian era, Brighton developed as a fashionable seaside resort, encouraged by the patronage of the Prince Regent, later King George IV, who spent much time in the town and constructed the Royal Pavilion in the Regency era. Brighton continued to grow as a major centre of tourism following the arrival of the railways in 1841, becoming a popular destination for day-trippers from London. Many of the major attractions were built in the Victorian era, including the Grand Hotel, the West Pier, and the Brighton Palace Pier. The town continued to grow into the 20th century, expanding to incorporate more areas into the town's boundaries before joining the town of Hove to form the unitary authority of Brighton and Hove in 1997, which was granted city status in 2000. | ['What is the name of this place?', 'What is it?', 'Where?', 'Which part?', 'Which county is it in?', 'How long has it been inhabited by people?', 'Any other periods?', 'What is the first reference of it?', 'Where was that found?', 'When?', 'When did it become an important place?', 'Did anything affect this>', 'Are there any interesting attractions in it?', 'What was it thought of as?', 'When?', 'Why was that?', 'What did he build?', 'Where?', 'When did it become known for tourism?', 'When?'] | {'answers': ['Brighton', 'a seaside resort', 'England', 'on the south coast', 'Sussex', 'the Bronze Age', 'Roman and Anglo-Saxon', 'The ancient settlement of "Brighthelmstone"', 'in the "Domesday Book"', '1086', 'in the Middle Ages', 'foreign attacks, storms, a suffering economy and a declining population', 'sea bathing as a purported cure for illnesses', 'a fashionable seaside resort', 'In the Georgian era', 'the patronage of the Prince Regent', 'the Royal Pavilion', 'in the Regency era', 'following the arrival of the railways', 'in 1841'], 'answers_start': [0, 12, 51, 28, 176, 250, 250, 297, 356, 380, 413, 518, 798, 889, 847, 934, 1039, 1058, 1135, 1173], 'answers_end': [8, 28, 58, 47, 182, 264, 287, 341, 378, 384, 432, 589, 843, 918, 866, 968, 1058, 1077, 1172, 1180]} |
35dr22ar5dk1j47akj1902q0x4ax3d | Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi (Arabic: معمر محمد أبو منيار القذافي Arabic pronunciation: [muʕamar al.qaðaːfiː]; /ˈmoʊ.əmɑːr ɡəˈdɑːfi/; audio (help·info); c. 1942 – 20 October 2011), commonly known as Colonel Gaddafi,[b] was a Libyan revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He governed Libya as Revolutionary Chairman of the Libyan Arab Republic from 1969 to 1977 and then as the "Brotherly Leader" of the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya from 1977 to 2011. Initially ideologically committed to Arab nationalism and Arab socialism, he came to rule according to his own Third International Theory before embracing Pan-Africanism and serving as Chairperson of the African Union from 2009 to 2010.
The son of an impoverished Bedouin goat herder, Gaddafi became involved in politics while at school in Sabha, subsequently enrolling in the Royal Military Academy, Benghazi. Founding a revolutionary cell within the military, in 1969 they seized power from the absolute monarchy of King Idris in a bloodless coup. Becoming Chairman of the governing Revolutionary Command Council (RCC), Gaddafi abolished the monarchy and proclaimed the Republic. Ruling by decree, he implemented measures to remove what he viewed as foreign imperialist influence from Libya, and strengthened ties to Arab nationalist governments. Intent on pushing Libya towards "Islamic socialism", he introduced sharia as the basis for the legal system and nationalized the oil industry, using the increased revenues to bolster the military, implement social programs and fund revolutionary militants across the world. In 1973 he initiated a "Popular Revolution" with the formation of General People's Committees (GPCs), purported to be a system of direct democracy, but retained personal control over major decisions. He outlined his Third International Theory that year, publishing these ideas in The Green Book. | ['Who is this article about?', 'what is his nickname?', 'Is he referred to as a Colonel or as a Sergeant?', 'Was his father a lawyer?', 'what was his profession?', 'was he a rich goat herder?', 'Where was he when he became involved in politics?', 'what was he doing there?', 'where did he go after school?', 'What did he do in Benghazi?', 'what did Gaddafi initiate in 1973', 'what committee was formed?', 'where did he publish his ideas?', 'did he publish his second international theory that year?', 'Did he publish his third international theory that year?', 'what year was he born in?', 'what year did he die?', 'what month?', 'what day?', 'what years was he chairperson of the african union?'] | {'answers': ['Muammar Muhammad Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi', 'Brotherly Leader', 'Colonel', 'No', 'a goat herder', 'No', 'in Sabha', 'he was at school', 'Benghazi', 'he enrolled in the Royal Military Academy', 'a "Popular Revolution"', "the General People's Committees", 'in The Green Book', 'unknown', 'Yes', '1942', '2011', 'October', 'the 20th', '2009 to 2010.'], 'answers_start': [0, 388, 192, 732, 732, 732, 780, 780, 842, 842, 1618, 1662, 1872, -1, 1818, 167, 166, 167, 167, 667], 'answers_end': [38, 418, 224, 778, 778, 778, 840, 840, 904, 904, 1661, 1718, 1913, -1, 1912, 189, 189, 189, 189, 730]} |
3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds3ze6i | Joe is a taxi driver. Now, after working for a long time, he is very tired. So he lies down on the chair in his car, and wants to have a sleep. But a man comes up to his car, and asks, "Excuse me, what's the time, please?" Joe is a little unhappy ,but he looks at his watch ,and says, "It's 10:15." The man thanks Joe and goes away. Joe says to himself, "Now I can go back to sleep again." But at 10:20,another man comes up and asks the same question, " Excuse me, sir, what's the time, please?" Joe can't sleep again. He has to tell his man the time. In ten minutes, four people come to his car and ask the time. He is very friendly, but he wants to sleep. So he writes "I don't know the time." on a piece of paper and puts the paper outside the window of his car."Now no one will come and ask me the time." But he is wrong! Look, another man is coming up to his car. He is knocking loudly at the window of Joe's car. Joe wakes up. The man says, "It's 10:50 now, sir!" | ['What does Joe do for a living?', 'Has he worked for very long?', 'Is he full of energy?', 'What does he want to do?', 'Where?', 'On the car seat?', 'Who interrupts him first?', 'What does he want?', 'Does Joe tell him?', 'What time is it?', 'How long is it before someone else interrupts him?'] | {'answers': ['taxi driver', 'yes', 'no', 'have a sleep', 'in his car', 'yes', 'a man', 'to know the time', 'yes', '10:15', '5 minutes'], 'answers_start': [0, 22, 58, 76, 76, 76, 143, 144, 274, 285, 284], 'answers_end': [20, 56, 74, 142, 142, 142, 222, 222, 299, 298, 424]} |
3fius151dv2rruo8qo8pvafezt1ggf | (CNN) -- Denied a proper buildup to the Australian Open for the second year in a row, Maria Sharapova has taken out her injury frustrations on some of the host country's most promising young male tennis players.
The planet's highest-paid female athlete will line up in Melbourne for the 10th time next week, confident she has overcome the neck problem that ruled her out of the Brisbane International earlier this month.
The world No. 2, who was hampered by an ankle injury before going on to lose last year's final, will play 105th-ranked fellow Russian Olga Puchkova in her opening match.
"I would have loved to come in with a few matches, but sometimes circumstances don't allow that," she told reporters on Saturday, having earlier presented the global launch of her new candy line "Sugarpova."
"To me I'd rather be going on to the court knowing that I'm healthy. Yes, I might be a little bit rusty, but I'll work my way through it. I'm experienced enough to know the adjustments I have to make in those types of circumstances. I went to Brisbane. I certainly would have loved to step on court and play those matches."
Instead the 25-year-old, who won the season's opening grand slam in 2008, got into shape with matches against male opposition.
"I think one of them got a wildcard in the main draw," Sharapova said. "One of them was really on top and then I got really mad. I think he had eight set-points and I ended up winning the set. | ['Who launched Sugarpova?', 'Where was she?', "Where's that?", 'Was she there for another event?', 'How old is she?', 'How old is she?', 'Where is she ranked in her sport?', 'How does she rank for pay?', 'Is she recovering from an injury?', 'Just one?', 'What kind of injury?', 'Who will she play against?', 'Where is she ranked?', 'How many times has Sharapova played the Australian Open?', 'Did she win last year?', 'What got in the way of her game?', 'Is she annoyed by her injury this year?', 'What did she miss out on the same month due to her injury?', "Does she think she's healthy now?", 'What did she win in 2008?'] | {'answers': ['Maria Sharapova.', 'Melbourne .', 'Australia.', 'Australian Open.', '25.', '25 years old.', 'The world No. 2,', "Planet's highest-paid female athlete.", 'Yes.', 'Yes.', 'Neck problem.', 'Russian Olga Puchkova.', '105th.', 'Ten times.', 'No.', 'An ankle injury.', 'Yes.', 'The Brisbane International.', 'Yes.', "Season's opening grand slam."], 'answers_start': [695, 218, 9, 9, 1141, 1145, 425, 218, 310, 310, 310, 521, 521, 255, 425, 442, 92, 337, 310, 1158], 'answers_end': [805, 281, 55, 56, 1158, 1157, 441, 254, 354, 353, 354, 572, 596, 298, 520, 521, 140, 424, 354, 1206]} |
3s0tnuhwkti9mv8z50vtxcvjyk2d8k | The University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), is a research university located in San Francisco, California and part of the University of California system. The university is entirely dedicated to health sciences and is a major center of medical and biological research and teaching, and is ranked as one of the top universities in the biomedical field in the country and around the world. It was founded as Toland Medical College in 1864, and in 1873 it became affiliated with the University of California. The UCSF School of Medicine is the oldest medical school in the Western United States.
The UCSF School of Medicine is one of the most selective medical schools in the United States based on average MCAT score, GPA, and acceptance rate. In 2017, 8,078 people applied and 505 were interviewed for 145 positions in the entering class. UCSF is ranked 3rd among research-oriented medical schools in the United States and ranked 3rd for primary care by "U.S. News and World Report," making it the only medical school to achieve a top-5 ranking in both categories. UCSF is currently ranked 3rd among medical schools in the world by the Academic Ranking of World Universities (Clinical Medicine, 2016).
The UCSF Medical Center is the nation's 5th-ranked hospital and 1st-ranked hospital in California according to "U.S. News & World Report". In 2014, a national evaluation of residency programs named UCSF and the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine the top two physician training institutions in the United States. With 25,398 employees, UCSF is the second largest employer in San Francisco. | ['What is the college dedicated to?', 'What is the abreviation for the school?', 'IS it difficult to get accepted to the school?', 'How many student spots were open in 2017?', 'did many apply?', 'how many?', 'were all interviewed?', 'when was it founded?', 'what was its name?', 'what happened in 1873?', 'It is ranked the top university in what?', 'just in the state?', 'Who ranked the university 3rd for primary care?', 'which made it what?', 'what did the Academic Ranking of World Universiies rank it as?', 'in the us?', 'when?', 'does the school have a medical center?', 'how many people work there?', 'is it a large employer?'] | {'answers': ['health sciences', 'UCSF', 'yes', '145', 'yes', '8,078', 'no', '1864', 'Toland Medical College', 'it became affiliated with the University of California.', 'the biomedical field', 'in the country and around the world', 'U.S.News and World Report', 'the only medical school to achieve a top 5 ranking in two categories', '3rd among medical schools', 'in the world', '2016', 'yes', '25,398 people', 'syes'], 'answers_start': [181, 44, 619, 806, 751, 761, 784, 411, 399, 453, 291, 353, 848, 993, 1090, 1125, 1184, 1213, 1523, 1552], 'answers_end': [219, 51, 725, 846, 824, 766, 809, 444, 437, 513, 373, 396, 992, 1073, 1126, 1144, 1209, 1241, 1599, 1599]} |
3vsolarpkb9bi8pch3vvkz4irds934 | Wikimedia Commons (or simply Commons) is an online repository of free-use images, sound, and other media files. It is a project of the Wikimedia Foundation.
Files from Wikimedia Commons can be used across all Wikimedia projects in all languages, including Wikipedia, Wikibooks, Wikivoyage, Wikispecies, Wikisource, and Wikinews, or downloaded for offsite use. The repository contains over 41 million media files. In July 2013, the number of edits on Commons reached 100,000,000.
The project was proposed by Erik Möller in March 2004 and launched on September 7, 2004. A key motivation behind the setup of a central repository was the desire to reduce duplication of effort across the Wikimedia projects and languages, as the same file had to be uploaded to many different wikis separately before Commons was created.
The aim of Wikimedia Commons is to provide a media file repository "that makes available public domain and freely-licensed educational media content to all, and that acts as a common repository for the various projects of the Wikimedia Foundation." The expression "educational" is to be understood according to its broad meaning of "providing knowledge; instructional or informative".
Most Wikimedia projects still allow local uploads which are not visible to other projects or languages, but this option is meant to be used primarily for material (such as fair use content) which local project policies allow, but which would not be permitted according to the copyright policy of Commons. Wikimedia Commons itself does not allow fair use or uploads under non-free licenses, including licenses which restrict commercial use of materials or disallow derivative works. For this reason, Wikimedia Commons always hosts freely licensed media and deletes copyright violations. Licenses that are acceptable include the GNU Free Documentation License, Creative Commons Attribution and Attribution/ShareAlike licenses, other free content and free software licenses, and the public domain. | ['Who was behind Wikimedia Commons?', 'When did Moller first propose this?', 'When did it come to fruition?', 'What was the main motivation?', 'Before this project, what cumbersome task had to be repeated?', 'Are files available to only a select few?', 'What type of content?', 'What do they mean by the term "education"?', 'What else is Wikimedia Commons known as?', 'Do they charge money?', 'Does it hold audio files?', 'What about pictures?', 'Anything else?', 'What group sponsors it?', 'How many media files are on there?', 'How many edits?', 'Can these be found in different languages?', 'Do they keep copyrighted material?', 'What about freely licensed?', 'Is the Creative Commons Attribution license allowable?'] | {'answers': ['Erik Möller', 'March 2004', 'September 7, 2004', 'the desire to reduce duplication of effort across the Wikimedia projects and languages', 'the same file had to be uploaded to many different wikis separately', 'No', 'public domain and freely-licensed educational media content', 'providing knowledge; instructional or informative.', 'Commons', 'No', 'Yes', 'Yes', 'Yes', 'the Wikimedia Foundation.', 'over 41\xa0million', '100,000,000.', 'Yes', 'No', 'Yes', 'Yes'], 'answers_start': [483, 483, 540, 634, 725, 896, 896, 1072, 0, 65, 51, 50, 51, 112, 362, 414, 159, 1709, 1709, 1796], 'answers_end': [522, 536, 570, 720, 818, 978, 971, 1208, 38, 110, 111, 111, 111, 156, 413, 481, 246, 1796, 1761, 1897]} |
3jpsl1dz5szwrvsrrstap8d82ainaq | Documentation is a set of documents provided on paper, or online, or on digital or analog media, such as audio tape or CDs. Examples are user guides, white papers, on-line help, quick-reference guides. It is becoming less common to see paper (hard-copy) documentation. Documentation is distributed via websites, software products, and other on-line applications.
Professionals educated in this field are termed documentalists. This field changed its name to information science in 1968, but some uses of the term documentation still exists and there have been efforts to reintroduce the term documentation as a field of study.
While associated ISO standards are not easily available publicly, a guide from other sources for this topic may serve the purpose. . David Berger has provided several principles of document writing, regarding the terms used, procedure numbering and even lengths of sentences, etc.
The following is a list of guides dealing with each specific field and type:
The procedures of documentation vary from one sector, or one type, to another. In general, these may involve document drafting, formatting, submitting, reviewing, approving, distributing, reposting and tracking, etc., and are convened by associated SOPs in a regulatory industry. It could also involve creating content from scratch. Documentation should be easy to read and understand. If it's too long and too wordy, it may be misunderstood or ignored. Clear, Short, Familiar words should be used to a maximum of 15 words to a sentence. Only gender hyper neutral word should be used and cultural biases should be avoided. Procedures should be numbered when they are to be performed. . | ['What is one example of digital analog?', 'What is the main topic?', 'Do people get educated for this?', 'What are they called?', 'Has it always been called this?', 'What new name did it undertake?', 'How is it distributed?', 'Are there any other ways?', 'Name another.', "What's the last", 'Who came up with some principles on how to write docs?', 'Are all the procedures associated with this the same in all sectors?', 'What about this should be easy?'] | {'answers': ['CDs.', 'Documentation', 'apparently yes', 'documentalists.', 'it was until 1968', 'information science', 'via websites', 'yes', 'software products', 'other on-line applications.', 'David Berger', 'no', 'Documentation'], 'answers_start': [72, 0, 365, 365, 365, 440, 269, 269, 269, 269, 764, 993, 1326], 'answers_end': [124, 35, 427, 428, 488, 479, 361, 363, 362, 362, 912, 1072, 1377]} |
3c2nj6jbkah7msxned0vjquaqk4n2t | Foday Gallah saw the sick child was distressed and felt he had to do something. So he picked the kid up to comfort him.
And with that act of kindness, the 37-year-old ambulance supervisor in Monrovia, Liberia, contracted Ebola himself.
"Of course, he got vomit all over him and that's how he got Ebola," said photographer Jackie Nickerson, who shot Gallah's image for Time's "Person of the Year" magazine cover, which honors those on the front line of the Ebola epidemic.
They're "the ones who answered the call," the magazine said on its website Wednesday morning.
Nickerson expanded on why Gallah was chosen for one of the magazine's five covers: "He's the shining example of what the right thing to do is. He's a shining example that we should all try to follow. He really did touch me with his story. I don't usually like to use the word hero, but I have to use it here."
According to the latest World Health Organization figures, about 6,300 people have died from the disease, mainly in West Africa. Health workers are still battling more than 11,000 confirmed cases in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone, and more than 6,000 suspected and probable cases loom, according to WHO.
Though those countries mark the epicenter of the outbreak, isolated cases have spread wider, penetrating other African countries, Europe and even the United States.
Time magazine's editors decided to honor the "unprecedented numbers" of doctors and nurses who responded when Ebola overtook an already-weak public health infrastructure, and Time Editor Nancy Gibbs outlined how governments were ill-equipped to respond, WHO "was in denial and snarled in red tape" and first responders were accused of crying wolf as the disease spread. | ['Who saw a sick child?', 'What did he do about it?', 'Why?', 'What happened to him after that?', 'Where did this happen?', 'Did anyone witness this?', 'Who?', 'Who is she?', 'Did she take his picture?', 'Why?', 'Was he on the front of Time?', 'Why did they choose him?', 'How did he get sick?', 'Did many people die from this?', 'How many?', 'How many people were infected total?', 'Where did this happen?', 'Anywhere else?', 'Where?', 'Did Time recognize anybody else?', 'Who else?', 'Was Gallah a doctor?', 'What was his job?'] | {'answers': ['Foday Galla.', 'He picked up the kid.', 'To comfort him.', 'He contracted Ebola.', 'Monrovia, Liberia.', 'Yes', 'Jackie Nickerson', 'A photographer.', 'Yes', 'For Time\'s "Person of the Year" cover.', 'Yes', "He's an example of the right thing to do.", 'He got vomit all over him.', 'Yes', 'About 6,300.', '11,000', 'Mainly in West Africa.', 'Yes', 'Europe and the United States.', 'Yes', "Doctor's and nurses.", 'No', 'Ambulance supervisor.'], 'answers_start': [0, 83, 104, 122, 192, 313, 326, 313, 313, 367, 600, 658, 252, 944, 945, 1059, 992, 1253, 1324, 1361, 1361, 122, 169], 'answers_end': [11, 103, 118, 239, 210, 367, 342, 325, 367, 415, 655, 712, 305, 990, 956, 1091, 1013, 1359, 1357, 1485, 1485, 238, 189]} |
38f71oa9gtwl54ozq702quzzu08mfp | NEW YORK (CNN) -- After spending nearly 28 years in an irreversible coma, heiress and socialite Martha "Sunny" von Bulow died Saturday in a New York nursing home, according to a family statement. She was 76.
Sunny von Bulow is pictured during her 1957 wedding to Prince Alfred von Auersperg.
Von Bulow was subject of one of the nation's most sensational criminal cases during the 1980s.
Her husband, Claus, was accused of trying to kill her with an overdose of insulin, which prosecutors alleged sent her into the coma.
He was convicted of making two attempts on her life, but the conviction was overturned on appeal. He was acquitted in a second trial.
His retrial in 1985 received national attention.
"We were blessed to have an extraordinarily loving and caring mother," said the statement from Von Bulow's three children -- Annie Laurie "Ala" Isham, Alexander von Auersperg and Cosima Pavoncelli -- released by a spokeswoman. "She was especially devoted to her many friends and family members."
Martha von Bulow was born Martha Sharp Crawford into a wealthy family. She inherited a fortune conservatively estimated at $75 million, according to an article on the von Bulow case posted on truTV.com's Crime Library Web site.
In her early years, she drew comparisons to actress Grace Kelly.
She became known as Princess von Auersperg with her first marriage, to Prince Alfred von Auersperg of Austria. That marriage produced two children: Alexander and Annie Laurie.
The von Bulows married in 1966 and had a daughter, Cosima. | ['Who is this end of life story about?', 'How did she die?'] | {'answers': ['Martha "Sunny" von Bulow', 'unknown'], 'answers_start': [73, -1], 'answers_end': [135, -1]} |
3ifs6q0hjij8dq3ubc2950bx2c7is3 | Ted Turner, achieved high goals and great success by the time he was 43. Best known for his CNN, Ted Turner launched a second nationwide all-news network, Headline News, purchased the Atlanta Braves baseball team, and became the world's best yachtsman at the America's Cup in 1977. In 1982 Ted Turner was named by Forbes one of the 400 richest people in the US. He was named Time magazine's "Man of the Year" in 1992. How did Ted Turner accomplish all of this at such a young age?
Ted Turner's father, Ed, was a self-made millionaire who demanded that his only son try to achieve similar success. He instilled in the boy a strong belief that hard work was good. Besides reading a new book every two days, Ted Turner was also charged rent at home during summer vacations from boarding school. Ed Turner was a strong influence in his son's life.
As a child, Ted Turner lived a very lonely life, often separated from his family. During World War II, his father served in the Navy. Ed Turner took his wife and daughter with him so they could live nearby but left his 6yearold son behind in a boarding school in Cincinnati, Ohio. When Ted Turner was in the fifth grade, his father enrolled him in a military academy. Even though Turner had friends at school, it didn't make up for the absence of his parents and sister. Eventually Ted Turner enrolled at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. He attended college off and on, became involved in sailboat racing, and became a member of the U.S. Coast Guard for a while. In his early twenties, he became general manager of one of his father's branch offices -- the Turner Advertising Company in Macon, Georgia.
Two years later after his father's suicide, Ted Turner took over the company. He soon discovered that he was more skilled than his father in managing the business. During the next twenty years, Ted Turner worked hard to accumulate enough power and money to fulfill his father's dream.
Reflecting on his father's death, however, Ted Turner realized that it was dangerous to put too much emphasis on material possessions. He decided to use his hard-earned influence to serve the public. Concerned about the environment, Ted Turner established the Better World Society in 1985. The purpose of this organization was to produce documentaries to educate people about pollution, hunger, and the danger of building weapons of mass destruction. In 1986 Turner began sponsoring the Goodwill Games to promote world peace. The Turner Tomorrow Awards were created to encourage writers and thinkers to focus their attention on solving world problems. The Turner Family Foundation was established in 1992. | ['Who achieved high goals?', 'What is he best known for?', 'Was he one of the richest?', 'By who?', 'His dad was apart of what service?', 'Did his dad pass?', "When did Ted take over his dad's company?", 'What did he spend the next 20 years doing?', 'What establishment was Ted apart of?', 'Did he receive any reorganization for his foundations?'] | {'answers': ['Ted Turner', 'CNN', 'Yes', 'Forbes', 'Navy', 'unknown', "after his father's suicide", 'use his hard-earned influence to serve the public', 'Better World Society', 'unknown'], 'answers_start': [0, 73, 321, 294, 950, -1, 1666, 2088, 2153, -1], 'answers_end': [32, 108, 361, 320, 981, -1, 1708, 2152, 2242, -1]} |
369j354ofdapu1z2ebz3jj2p5c16g0 | WASHINGTON (CNN) -- Six hip-hop artists from five countries speaking four languages are on stage, warming up for their show at the Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts.
International hip-hop artists warm up for their show at the Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts on Tuesday.
"Warming up" doesn't really capture it; the dancers explode across the stage, each one with a different hip-hop style.
Michelle Salazar is chic-grungy in black jeans and white T-shirt, her long black hair swirling around her head. Hassan El Haf, from Lebanon, tall and thin, does a kind of electric hip-hop mixed with salsa.
Argentines Mauricio Trech and Silvia Fernandez move in a dramatic break dance. Both hail from Argentina, home of the tango. Hien Ngoc Pham from Vietnam, with a buzz cut and dressed in white jeans and a white T-shirt, has Broadway bravado in his every move.
The dancing stops and Samer Samahneh begins rapping -- in Arabic. No translation needed; it comes from his soul.
Three weeks ago, the dancers had never met, but now they're a team, participating in the State Department's Cultural Visitors Program. The program consists of three weeks of meeting American hip-hop artists and dancers and visiting New York City, Philadelphia and Washington, D.C.
"It's like a dream come true for me," Salazar said Tuesday, the day of the team's show, "because I only read their names in the Internet and now, like, I met Afrika Bambaataa, the founder of hip-hop. I was right next to him. It's a real immersion into the culture. I don't want to wake up!" | ['Who were the six hip hop artists?', 'Where were they performing their show?', 'Where was Hassan El Haf from?', 'what kind of music does he do?', 'who was from argentina?', 'What form of music did they do?', 'Who raps in Arabic?', 'What is the program called?', 'Where did they visit?', "Who's dream came true?", 'who was the founder of hiphop?'] | {'answers': ['unknown', 'Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts', 'Lebanon', 'a kind of electric hip-hop mixed with salsa', 'Argentines Mauricio Trech and Silvia Fernandez', 'the tango', 'Samer Samahneh', "the State Department's Cultural Visitors Program", 'New York City, Philadelphia and Washington, D.C', "Salazar's", 'Afrika Bambaataa'], 'answers_start': [-1, 113, 519, 568, 615, 709, 896, 1040, 1212, 1272, 1422], 'answers_end': [-1, 169, 546, 611, 661, 737, 938, 1122, 1268, 1322, 1470]} |
3qiyre09y3h0x7frv90he7k5yg1n1r | (CNN) -- Roger Federer may have given up his No. 1 ranking, but the Swiss tennis star's grip on end-of-season supremacy is showing no signs of loosening.
Federer marched into the semifinals of the $5.5 million ATP World Tour Finals on Thursday, beating in-form Spaniard David Ferrer 6-4 7-6 (7-5) for his second successive straight-sets win in Group B.
The 31-year-old has not lost at the eight-man London showpiece since 2009, and has now won 70 matches this year -- a feat he had not achieved since 2006 when he was at the peak of his powers.
"This is a very special tournament in many ways," said Federer, who has reached the last four in 10 of his 11 appearances.
"It's always been the tournament I wanted to be part of when I started playing at the beginning of the year, many years now. I had breakthrough results at this event. I learned a lot.
"I've loved everywhere I've played over the years at the World Tour Finals. But I think this one is obviously special, because it's in London and The O2 is an amazing venue. I'm happy it's going to stay here for the next few years."
The 17-time grand slam champion relinquished the year-end top spot to Novak Djokovic when he decided not to defend his Paris title last week, having pushed his record tally to 302 weeks at the top.
Fifth-ranked Ferrer took advantage of a weakened field and shock defeats for Djokovic and No. 3 Andy Murray by winning his first Masters level tournament, following up his title in Valencia. | ['How old is Roger Federer?', 'How many matches has he won this year?', 'When did he last lose the London showpiece?', 'When was the last time he achieved 70 wins in one year?', 'Does he typically perform well at the London showpiece?', 'Is he pleased about the venue this year?', 'Where will it be held?', 'How many weeks did Federer spend as number one?', 'Is he ranked number one currently?', 'Who is?', "What is Federer's current rank?", 'What country is he representing?', 'Which Spaniard did he win against on Thursday?'] | {'answers': ['31.', '70.', '2009.', '2006.', 'Yes.', 'Yes.', 'The O2.', '302.', 'No.', 'Novak Djokovic.', 'Fifth.', 'Switzerland.', 'David Ferrer.'], 'answers_start': [360, 448, 426, 505, 801, 1008, 1008, 1273, 1297, 1155, 1297, 68, 272], 'answers_end': [363, 451, 430, 510, 843, 1035, 1014, 1277, 1316, 1181, 1302, 74, 284]} |
3ymu66obin85rqjjauq7garfdh7hgj | While it is common for restaurant owners to connect with their customers, a restaurant owner in the U.S. is taking it to a whole new level. Tim Harries gives out free hugs to every customer at the end of each meal. The atmosphere at his restaurant "Tim's Place" is so positive that customers often call it the "World's friendliest restaurant". "Tim's Hug" is in fact an item on the menu described as a "love" treat. Tim's hugs are doubly special because of everything he has achieved. The 26-year-old is probably the only Down syndrome sufferer in the U.S. to own a restaurant,but he has several other things to be proud of-- he's a skillful special Olympian, an excellent sailor, and all experienced fisherman. He was also chosen as Homecoming King and Student of the Year in high school! So when a man like Tim hugs you,it is sure to be a special and unforgettable experience When Tim expressed interest in opening a restaurant,Keith,a small businessman himself, supported him. Tim hired other people to manage the place and do the cooking, and he introduced the idea of free hugs. He realized that people want to feel at home at a restaurant. That is why he included "love" as all item on the menu. Customers can order the free hug from Tim,and even if they don't, he'll probably hug them anyway. The restaurant has been around since 2010,and Tim has given out over 19,000 hugs in the past five years -- he keeps count using a special Hug Counter.Many customers love visiting "Tim's Place". "I've been coming here once a week." said Michelle Garth-Jones, a regular customer. "I love local restaurants, and this special one has a story that stays with you." | ['What is common among restaurant owners?', 'Who owns "Tim\'s place?', 'What was different about him?', 'to who?', 'when?', 'What do customers call the place?', 'What is special about the menu?', 'HOw old is Tim?', 'Does he have any skills?', 'How did he do in high school?', "What happens if someone doesn't order a hig?", 'Is it memorable?', 'Did Tim suffer from anything?', 'what?', 'HOw do people describe the atmosphere?', 'Who supported him in opening the place?', 'named?', 'Who did he hire?', 'for what?', 'What did he introduce them to?'] | {'answers': ['connecting with their customers', 'Tim Harries', 'he gives out free hugs', 'every customer', 'at the end of each meal.', "the World's friendliest restaurant", 'an item on the menu described as a "love" treat.', '26', "he's a special Olympian, sailor, and fisherman.", 'He was the Homecoming King and Student of the Year', "he'll probably hug them anyway.", 'yes', 'yes', "Down's syndrome", 'positive', 'a small businessman', 'Keith', 'other people', 'to manage the place and do the cooking', 'the idea of free hugs.'], 'answers_start': [0, 74, 140, 140, 140, 282, 345, 485, 626, 712, 1202, 823, 486, 485, 215, 878, 930, 980, 981, 1047], 'answers_end': [72, 152, 171, 189, 214, 341, 415, 501, 711, 789, 1299, 878, 544, 544, 276, 964, 964, 1041, 1042, 1084]} |
3pj71z61r42f85bxuzhcw6pltr6910 | Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835 – April 21, 1910), better known by his pen name Mark Twain, was an American writer, humorist, entrepreneur, publisher, and lecturer. Among his novels are "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" (1876) and its sequel, the "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" (1885), the latter often called "The Great American Novel".
Twain was raised in Hannibal, Missouri, which later provided the setting for "Tom Sawyer" and "Huckleberry Finn". He served an apprenticeship with a printer and then worked as a typesetter, contributing articles to the newspaper of his older brother Orion Clemens. He later became a riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River before heading west to join Orion in Nevada. He referred humorously to his lack of success at mining, turning to journalism for the Virginia City "Territorial Enterprise". His humorous story, "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County", was published in 1865, based on a story that he heard at Angels Hotel in Angels Camp, California where he had spent some time as a miner. The short story brought international attention and was even translated into French. His wit and satire, in prose and in speech, earned praise from critics and peers, and he was a friend to presidents, artists, industrialists, and European royalty. | ["what was Mark Twain's real name?", 'When was he born', 'What was his best book?', 'Did it had anything to do with his real life?', 'In which way?', 'What did he have a lack of success in?', 'Did he have any humorous stories?', 'What were they?', 'what was it based on?', 'Did he have famous friends?', 'Who were they?', 'what about royalty?', 'What does California have to do wtih Twain?', 'What story was translated in another language?'] | {'answers': ['Samuel Langhorne Clemens', 'November 30, 1835', 'Adventures of Huckleberry Finn', 'Yes', 'he was raised in the town the book was set', 'mining', 'Yes', 'The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County', 'on a story that he heard at Angels Hotel', 'Yes', 'presidents, and artists', 'Yes', 'he spent some time as a miner', 'The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County'], 'answers_start': [0, 0, 256, 351, 351, 719, 847, 847, 846, 1227, 1227, 1227, 1004, 868], 'answers_end': [102, 43, 349, 463, 464, 775, 916, 915, 988, 1304, 1265, 1304, 1054, 1139]} |
3t111ihz5eq31aaestwr2x7ywcdr90 | My summer hols wr CWOT. B4, we usd 2 go 2 NY 2C my bro, his CF & thr 3:-@ kids FTF ILNY, its gr8. Can you understand this sentence? If you can't, don't feel too bad: neither could the middle school teacher in England who received this as homework. This is Netspeak: the language of computerized communication found on Internet or cellphones. To newcomers, it can look like a completely foreign language. So, what is the "translation" of the sentence above? My summer holidays were a complete waste of time. Before, we used to go to New York to see my brother, his girlfriend, and their three screaming kids face to face. I love New York; it's great. Schoolteachers and parents say this new form of writing is harming the English language. Increasing spelling and grammatical mistakes cxan be seen in students' writing. They fear the language could become corrupted . Everyone should just relax, say linguists . They believe Netspeak is in fact more of a good thing. David Crystal, from the University of Wales, argues that Netspeak and Internet create a new language use and the almost lost art of diary writing has been picked up again. Geoffrey Nunberg, from Stanford University, agrees. "People get better at writing by writing," he says, "Kids who are now doing text messaging, e-mail, and instant messages will write at least as well as, and possibly better than, their parents." Linguist James Millroy says, for centuries, it is believed without exception that young people are harming the language. And you can bet your bottom dollar that when today's teenagers become tomorrow's parents, they too will think this way. Milroy argues that languages do not and cannot become "corrupted"; they simply change to meet the new needs. However, Netspeakers do agree that it is important to teach young people how to speak and write Standard English. Cynthia McVey says, "I can understand Netspeak worries teachers and it's important that they get across to their pupils that text messaging is for fun, but that learning to write proper English is a must for their future." Perhaps we should give teenagers a little more trust anyway. Erin, age 12, says, "I wouldn't use text language in my homework. Texting is just for fun" | ['What is Netspeak?', 'What do school teachers and parents say about it?', 'What can Netspeak look like?', 'What do linguists say?', "Do they think it's bad?", 'Where is David Crystal from?', 'What do people get better at by writing?', 'What is James Millroy?', 'What does he says has been believed for centuries?', 'Does he think that languages are getting corrupted?', 'What does he say happens to them instead?', 'What do Netspeakers agree on?', 'How old is Erin?'] | {'answers': ['language of computerized communication', 'harming the English language', 'My summer hols wr CWOT. B4, we usd 2 go 2 NY 2C my bro, his CF & thr 3:-@ kids FTF ILNY, its gr8', 'relax', 'No', 'University of Wales', 'diary writing', 'Linguist', 'young people are harming the language', 'no', 'change to meet the new needs', 'it is important to teach young people how to speak and write Standard English', '12'], 'answers_start': [270, 709, 0, 888, 911, 990, 1098, 1385, 1467, 1626, 1705, 1770, 2143], 'answers_end': [308, 737, 96, 893, 965, 1009, 1111, 1394, 1504, 1734, 1733, 1847, 2145]} |
35h6s234sa0re4aixfgcfmb0f5u56s | Charles V (; ; Dutch: "Karel"; ) (24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was ruler of both the Spanish Empire from 1516 and the Holy Roman Empire from 1519, as well as of the lands of the former Duchy of Burgundy from 1506. He voluntarily stepped down from these and other positions by a series of abdications between 1554 and 1556. Through inheritance, he brought together under his rule extensive territories in western, central, and southern Europe, and the Spanish colonies in the Americas and Asia. As a result, his domains spanned nearly four million square kilometers and were the first to be described as "the empire on which the sun never sets".
Charles was the heir of three of Europe's leading dynasties: the Houses of Valois-Burgundy (Burgundy and Netherlands), Habsburg (Holy Roman Empire), and Trastámara (Spain). He inherited the Burgundian Netherlands and the Franche-Comté as heir of the House of Valois-Burgundy. From his own dynasty, the Habsburgs, he inherited Austria and other lands in central Europe. He was also elected to succeed his Habsburg grandfather, Maximilian I, as Holy Roman Emperor, a title held by the Habsburgs since 1440. From the Spanish House of Trastámara, he inherited the crowns of Castile, which was in the process of developing a nascent empire in the Americas and Asia, and Crown of Aragon, which included a Mediterranean empire extending to Southern Italy. Charles was the first king to rule Castile and Aragon simultaneously in his own right and as a result he is sometimes referred to as the first king of Spain. The personal union, under Charles, of the Holy Roman Empire with the Spanish Empire resulted in the closest Europe would come to a universal monarchy since the death of Louis the Pious. | ['What did Charles V rule over?', 'When?', 'What he forcefully removed?', 'Who was one of the three people who left him a dynasty?', 'From where?', 'Who is another person he inherited from?', 'Where from?', 'Who did he receive the Crowns of Castile from/', 'What were they in the process of doing?', 'What else?'] | {'answers': ['the Spanish Empire and the Holy Roman Empire', 'from 1516 and from 1519', 'no', 'the Houses of Valois-Burgundy', 'Burgundy and Netherlands', 'House of Habsburg', 'Holy Roman Empire', 'From the Spanish House of Trastámara', 'developing a nascent empire in the Americas and Asia', 'Crown of Aragon'], 'answers_start': [72, 109, 222, 717, 717, 775, 775, 1161, 1235, 1317], 'answers_end': [154, 154, 250, 746, 774, 803, 803, 1233, 1315, 1336]} |
34majl3qp4nal2j008z43rt25j734r | Sony Corporation is the electronics business unit and the parent company of the , which is engaged in business through its four operating components: electronics (AV, IT & communication products, semiconductors, video games, network services and medical business), motion pictures (movies and TV shows), music (record labels and music publishing) and financial services (banking and insurance). These make Sony one of the most comprehensive entertainment companies in the world. The group consists of Sony Corporation, Sony Pictures, Sony Mobile, Sony Interactive Entertainment, Sony Music, Sony Financial Holdings and others.
Sony is among the semiconductor sales leaders and as of 2016, the fifth-largest television manufacturer in the world after Samsung Electronics, LG Electronics, TCL and Hisense.
The company's current slogan is "BE MOVED". Their former slogans were "make.believe" (2009–2014), "like.no.other" (2005–2009), "The One and Only" (1980–1982) and "It's a Sony" (1982–2002).
Sony has a weak tie to the Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group (SMFG) keiretsu, the successor to the Mitsui keiretsu.
Sony began in the wake of World War II. In 1946, Masaru Ibuka started an electronics shop in a department store building in Tokyo. The company started with a capital of ¥190,000 and a total of eight employees. In May 1946, Ibuka was joined by Akio Morita to found a company called "Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo" 東京通信工業 (Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation). The company built Japan's first tape recorder, called the Type-G. In 1958, the company changed its name to "Sony". | ['What type of buisness is Sony?', 'What do they lead in with sales?', 'as of when?', 'Are they a large manufactur?', 'of what?', 'where do they rank?', 'how many operating componets do they have?', 'what does this make them?', 'in the US only?', 'Does the buisness have other facets?', 'how many are mentioned?', 'Do they have a slogan?', 'what is it?', 'what was it 1982?', 'Does it have strong ties with SMFG?', 'What does SMFG stand for?', 'and they are?', 'What did the company buikd the first of in Japan?', 'named?', 'when did they change their name?'] | {'answers': ['electronics', 'semiconductor', '2016', 'yes', 'television', 'fifth-largest', 'Four', 'one of the most comprehensive entertainment companies', 'no', 'yes', 'Six', 'yes', '"BE MOVED"', '"It\'s a Sony"', 'no', 'Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group', 'the successor to the Mitsui keiretsu.', 'tape recorder', 'Type-G', '1958'], 'answers_start': [0, 629, 629, 691, 691, 691, 82, 396, 395, 479, 479, 808, 808, 969, 999, 1026, 1075, 1478, 1524, 1543], 'answers_end': [45, 689, 689, 745, 732, 733, 149, 477, 479, 627, 627, 849, 850, 997, 1073, 1065, 1113, 1522, 1541, 1591]} |
36nemu28xfdngqaugwa2uilzp7ewml | CHAPTER XXIX.
FRANK'S IDEA.
"That's what I call luck!" thought Richard, as he hurried back to the Massanets' home. "I'm mighty glad I called on Mr. Martin. He seems to be a gentleman and will no doubt do what is right. I hope Frank has been equally fortunate."
Mrs. Massanet was surprised to see him returning so soon.
"What ees eet?" she asked, anxiously. "I hope you no deesheartened a'ready?"
"No, indeed!" returned the boy; and he told her of his good fortune.
"Zat ees nice!" exclaimed the Frenchwoman. "I hope you gits zee place widout trouble."
And then she gave a little sigh as she thought of her son's uncertain search.
"Maybe Frank will be as lucky," said Richard, who fancied he could read her thoughts.
"I sincerely hope so," returned Mrs. Massanet.
Not having anything special to do for the rest of the day, Richard sat down and wrote a long letter home. He intended not to send it until the following day, when he could add a postscript that the new place was positively his.
Five weeks in the great metropolis had worked wonders in the boy. He no longer looked or felt "green," and he was fast acquiring a business way that was bound, sooner or later, to be highly beneficial to him.
In these five weeks he had received several letters from friends and not a few from home, the most important news in all of them being the announcement of his sister Grace's engagement to Charley Wood, and baby Madge's first efforts to master her A B C's. | ['What was Richard trying to land?', 'From who?', "Who's his friend that he hopes will also have good luck?", 'Is his mom Mrs. Massanet?', 'What did Richard do with his free time?', 'When was he going to mail it out?', 'What did he want to add to the letter, first?', 'Saying what?', 'Had he gotten letters from friends?', 'And from family?', 'Who was learning the alphabet?'] | {'answers': ['new place', 'Mr. Martin', 'Frank', 'No', 'wrote a letter', 'the following day', 'postscript', 'the new place was positively his', 'Yes', 'not a few', 'baby Madge'], 'answers_start': [972, 119, 223, 32, 783, 889, 842, 958, 1224, 1224, 1430], 'answers_end': [1011, 158, 265, 118, 882, 939, 972, 1011, 1288, 1312, 1479]} |
3pwwm24lhsymjlaj8bbc1t4f1rd822 | (CNN) -- It's been a weekend of contrasting fortunes for American club owners in the English Premier League.
The Glazer family can look forward to Manchester United's imminent record-extending 20th league title, and their fifth since a leveraged takeover in 2005 that left one of the world's wealthiest clubs saddled with hundreds of millions of dollars of debt.
For Ellis Short, owner of Saturday's beaten opponents Sunderland, the prospect of losing top-flight status is all too real after a 1-0 defeat that left his team just one point above the relegation zone and marked the end of the reign of manager Martin O'Neill after less than two seasons.
He was replaced Sunday by controversial former Italian forward Paulo Di Canio, whose previous managerial club job was with English third division side Swindon.
One of O'Neill's former players, Paul Lambert, has been seemingly on the verge of the sack for most of this season but the Aston Villa manager seems likely to see it out despite Sunday's 2-1 home defeat by Liverpool, which kept his side in the bottom three but only four points behind 12th-placed Southampton.
"Yes, definitely," Lambert said when asked if his team could avoid the drop, with seven games to play.
"I think anybody who was here today would say the same. We're certainly playing well enough. We don't look like a team down the bottom at the minute.
"If we keep going the way we're going, we'll win more games than not. There will be so many twists and turns." | ['who was in debt?', 'how much?', 'why?', 'when?', 'who is Ellis Short?', 'was his team successful?', 'who was replaced?', 'what manager?', 'after how long?', 'who was he replaced by?', 'what was his previous job?', 'with who?', 'which division?'] | {'answers': ['Manchester United', 'hundreds of millions of dollars', 'a leveraged takeover', '2005', 'owner of Sunderland', 'no', 'manager', 'manager of Sunderland', 'less than two seasons', 'Paulo Di Canio', 'forward', 'Swindon', 'third division'], 'answers_start': [149, 324, 236, 260, 384, 498, 604, 421, 633, 721, 713, 808, 789], 'answers_end': [166, 355, 256, 264, 431, 509, 611, 431, 654, 735, 720, 816, 803]} |
3ggai1sqevye2s4pz5a1ioewwb0cmz | (CNN) -- Jessica Rees was diagnosed with a brain tumor at age 11, and she and her parents would drive to the hospital every day to receive outpatient treatment.
"One day we were leaving, and she just simply asked us, 'When do all the other kids come home?'" said her father, Erik.
When Jessica found out that many of them would have to stay at the hospital, she wanted to help "make them happier, because I know they're going through a lot, too," she said.
So she started making JoyJars -- containers full of toys, stickers, crayons, anything that might brighten a child's day.
"She was really particular about what would go in the jars," said her mother, Stacey. "It had to be something cool, it couldn't be cheap or flimsy."
Jessica created 3,000 JoyJars before she passed away this January. But her parents are carrying on her legacy.
By the end of 2012, more than 50,000 JoyJars will have been delivered to young cancer patients through the Jessie Rees Foundation.
"It's what she started, and it's what we'll continue to do," Stacey Rees said.
Jessica was one of three "Young Wonders" honored this year at "CNN Heroes: An All-Star Tribute."
"What makes Jessie a Young Wonder is that she cared," her dad said. "And in the midst of a world that says focus on yourself, it's all about you, she said, 'No, it's not.' "
Watch Jessica's story Donate to her cause
Will Lourcey
When Will Lourcey was 6 years old, he asked his parents why a man was holding up a sign that said, "Need a meal." | ['Who had the diesese?', 'What was the disease?', 'How old was she then?', 'Who accompanied her to the hospital?', 'Where?', 'How frequently?', 'Who was her father?', 'Did she learn other kids will stay there?', 'What she wished for them?', 'What she was making for them?', 'Did it have toys?', 'Was she picky about the contents?', 'What was her requirements?', 'How many of them she created?', 'Did she live to make more of them?', 'When she died?', 'Did anyone continured her good works?', 'Who were they?', 'What was the name of the organization?', 'How many items they gave by 2012?', 'To whom?', 'Do they plan to do more?'] | {'answers': ['Jessica Rees.', 'A brain tumor.', '11.', 'Her parents.', 'unknown', 'Every day.', 'Erik.', 'Yes.', 'To make them happier.', 'JoyJars.', 'Yes.', 'Yes.', 'It had to be something cool.', '3,000', 'No.', 'January.', 'Yes.', 'Her parents.', 'The Jessie Rees Foundation', 'More than 50,000', 'Young cancer patients', 'Yes.'], 'answers_start': [9, 10, 10, 70, -1, 70, 260, 285, 362, 463, 463, 586, 672, 737, 737, 737, 804, 804, 850, 850, 850, 983], 'answers_end': [64, 64, 64, 161, -1, 161, 283, 360, 461, 492, 584, 645, 735, 803, 803, 802, 848, 848, 979, 919, 981, 1061]} |
3f6hpjw4jd0x9m616erif971im92wf | Paper was not made in southern Europe until the year of 1100.Thouth Scandinavia now makes a great deal of the world's paper, it had not begun to make it until 1500. It was a German named Schaeffer who found out that one could make paper from wood. After that, forest countries, such as Canada, Sweden, Norway, Finland and the United States, became important in paper making. Today in Finland, for example, no industry is bigger than the forest industry. And the paper industry is the most important part of it. Modern paper-making machines are very big, and they make paper very fast. The biggest machines can make a piece of paper 750 meters long and six meters wide in one minute. When we think of paper, we think of newspapers, books, letters, envelopes , and writing paper. But there are many other uses. Each year, more and more things are made of paper. We have had paper cups, plates, and dishes for a long time. But now we hear that chairs, a tables and even beds can be made of paper. The newest thing made of paper in the world may be a paper house. It is not a small house for children to play in, but a real, big house for people to live in. it is not expensive. You can put up a paper house yourself in a few hours, and you can use it for about 5 years. ,. | ['When was paper first manufactured in Southern Europe?', 'When did Thouth Scandinavia first make it?', 'Who found out you could use trees to make it?', 'Which geographic feature is the most important consideration in manufacturing it', 'How quickly can modern machines produce it?', 'How much can it make in a minute?', "What's the largest Finnish industry?", 'Is paper an important part of that?', 'How long can you stay in a residence created from paper?', 'How long does it take to build it?', 'Would that be costly?', 'Can you drink from something made of paper?'] | {'answers': ['1100', '1500', 'Schaeffer', 'forest countries', 'one minute', '750 meters long and six meters wide', 'forest industry', 'yes', '5 years', 'a few hours', 'no', 'yes'], 'answers_start': [56, 159, 187, 260, 671, 632, 437, 462, 1233, 1213, 1154, 872], 'answers_end': [60, 163, 196, 276, 681, 667, 452, 509, 1265, 1227, 1173, 882]} |
3atthhxxwaog97pt5m8w48sphvyix8 | Syncretism () is the combining of different beliefs, while blending practices of various schools of thought. Syncretism involves the merging or assimilation of several originally discrete traditions, especially in the theology and mythology of religion, thus asserting an underlying unity and allowing for an inclusive approach to other faiths. Syncretism also occurs commonly in expressions of arts and culture, (known as eclecticism) as well as politics (syncretic politics).
The English word is first attested in the early 17th century, from Modern Latin "syncretismus", drawing on Greek ("synkretismos"), meaning "Cretan federation".
The Greek word occurs in Plutarch's (1st century AD) essay on "Fraternal Love" in his "Moralia" (2.490b). He cites the example of the Cretans, who compromised and reconciled their differences and came together in alliance when faced with external dangers. "And that is their so-called "Syncretism" [Union of Cretans]".
Erasmus probably coined the modern usage of the Latin word in his "Adagia" ("Adages"), published in the winter of 1517–1518, to designate the coherence of dissenters in spite of their differences in theological opinions. In a letter to Melanchthon of April 22, 1519, Erasmus specifically adduced the Cretans of Plutarch as an example of his adage "Concord is a mighty rampart".
Overt syncretism in folk belief may show cultural acceptance of an alien or previous tradition, but the "other" cult may survive or infiltrate without authorized "syncresis" nevertheless. For example, some Conversos developed a sort of cult for martyr-victims of the Spanish Inquisition, thus incorporating elements of Catholicism while resisting it. | ['What is syncretism?', 'When was it first attested?', 'and in Greek?', 'where does it commonly occur?', 'anything else?', 'In English what two languages is it derived from?', 'In Greek, did it appear in an essay?', 'What was the name of it?', 'Did the Cretans compromise?', 'Did they form an alliance?', 'When?', 'Did Erasmus use the word?', 'In what work?', 'Was it published?', 'when?', 'Who did he write a letter to?', 'When?', 'what was it an example of?', 'What religion was incorporated?'] | {'answers': ['the combining of different beliefs, while blending practices of various schools of thought', 'the early 17th century,', '1st century AD', 'in expressions of arts and culture,', 'as well as politics', 'Modern Latin and Greek', 'yes', 'an essay on "Fraternal Love" in his "Moralia Untitled though', 'yes', 'yes', 'when faced with external dangers.', 'yes', 'Adagia', 'yes', 'the winter of 1517–1518,', 'Melanchthon', 'April 22, 1519', 'the adage "Concord is a mighty rampart"', 'elements of Catholicism but I think the definition would be combining any part of belief systems'], 'answers_start': [0, 496, 663, 361, 436, 546, 642, 695, 785, 834, 864, 963, 1007, 1049, 1049, 1183, 1199, 1286, 1637], 'answers_end': [107, 541, 694, 412, 455, 592, 700, 736, 863, 863, 897, 1022, 1036, 1086, 1087, 1210, 1228, 1339, 1673]} |
33ppungg385i71srwrqqfl9rbn9rz3 | Max is a very happy cow. He's dark brown, with big blue eyes, and a soft pink nose. He lives in a huge field during the summer, with beautiful, and tasty, buttercups and hay. During the winter he lives in a nice, warm barn.
The hay isn't as tasty then, but it keeps him fed until summer comes back. One winter day Max wanted to see what was happening outside when it turned cold and bright. He had never gone out during the winter because the Farmer always locked the barn door behind him. But today the door was wide open, and Max could see the sunshine reflecting off the bright ground. He had to know why! So Max pushed open the gate to his little house with his nose and walked over to the door. Max was surprised and confused by the ground outside, it was so white and sparkly. His breath started fogging in the air, and the ground was cold and crunchy. "What is this?" He asked the rooster sitting on the fence. The roosters name was Omaha, and he was all white except for a big red puff on his head.
"It's snow, son! Did you grow up in a barn?!" The rooster laughed and flew away towards his little rooster house.
"It's so pretty!" Max said. He pushed it with his nose. "Oh! It's so chilly!" He started to take a bite of the crunchy white bits. He wanted to see if they had a good taste, when he heard the farmer.
"Max! What are you doing out here?" The farmer, named Bob, asked. He was loud, but not mad. "It's much too cold for a small cow like you, we better get you back inside!" He pushed Max inside the barn, and this time locked the barn door tight. | ['What kind of animal is Max?', 'how does he feel?', 'what color is he?', 'what about his eyes?', 'what size?', 'what color was the appendage he smelled with?', 'when does he live in the field?', 'what grows there?', 'where does he live in the winter?', 'what is the temperature like there?', "why doesn't he go outdoors when it's cold?", 'who locks it?', 'what did he see when he was able to go outdoors in the winter the first time?', 'did he know what it was at first?', 'who did he ask about what it was?', 'where was he at?', 'What was this animal called?', 'What color was the majority of his body?'] | {'answers': ['a cow', 'very happy', 'dark brown', 'blue', 'big', 'pink', 'summer', 'buttercups', 'a barn', 'warm', 'the barn door is locked', 'the Farmer', 'snow', 'no', 'the rooster', 'sitting on the fence', 'Omaha', 'white'], 'answers_start': [0, 9, 25, 42, 47, 62, 84, 155, 175, 213, 393, 441, 1012, 862, 877, 898, 920, 949], 'answers_end': [23, 19, 40, 60, 50, 82, 127, 165, 222, 222, 490, 479, 1021, 875, 897, 918, 947, 969]} |
3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogp52gor | CHAPTER XXIV
FROM A GARRET WINDOW
"This is getting interesting!" whispered Tom.
"I should say so," murmured Dick.
"That must have been what was bringing Belright Fogg down to New York City."
"It looks like it."
"Well, if he is mixed up in this he can get pinched with the rest of the rascals."
"Right you are."
After that the boys listened to more of the talk between the brokers and Josiah Crabtree. From what was said it was easy to guess that the plotters expected to make quite a large sum of money out of their evil doings.
"But you have got to get Rover's signatures to those papers," said Jesse Pelter.
"We'll do it!" cried Josiah Crabtree. "Even if we have to starve him into it."
"I hope those boys didn't come after the schooner," muttered Japson.
"I reckon Captain Rodney will know how to throw 'em off the scent," returned Crabtree.
"We were lucky to find that automobile at the tavern," went on Pelter.
Some more talk followed and then Japson exclaimed:
"Why can't we make Rover sign those papers now? Maybe we can scare him into it."
"We might try," answered his partner, slowly.
The men arose and Japson lit a lantern, for he knew it was dark in the garret. Then, one behind the other, they filed out into the hallway and went upstairs.
"They are going to find out something pretty soon!" chuckled Tom.
"Come on, let us follow 'em, Tom," answered his brother. "I've got a new idea." | ['How did Tom speak to Dick', 'How did Dick speak to Tom', 'What went down to New York City?', 'Who were the brokers talking to?', 'What were they expecting?', 'From what?', 'Who is the first broker to speak?', 'What did Josiah have to get?', 'Where?', 'Who is the second broker to speak?', 'Who is the third broker?', 'Did he hope something?', 'Did he hope something?', 'Who did Crabtree then mention?', 'What did they find at the tavern?', 'Does Japson want the papers signed now?', 'How were they planning on doing that?', 'Does his partner want to try?', 'What did Japson light?', 'Was it dark?', 'Where did the file out to?', 'Then where did they go?'] | {'answers': ['he whispered', 'he murmured', 'Belright Fogg', 'Josiah Crabtree.', 'large sum of money', 'their evil doings.', 'Jesse Pelter.', "Rover's signatures", 'to those papers', 'Josiah Crabtree', 'Japson.', "that the boys didn't come after the schooner", 'yes', 'Captain Rodney', 'an automobile', 'yes', 'scare him into it', 'He might', 'a lantern,', 'yes', 'the hallway', 'upstairs.'], 'answers_start': [39, 87, 143, 376, 475, 506, 548, 548, 579, 631, 712, 714, 713, 783, 872, 998, 1045, 1081, 1142, 1168, 1235, 1259], 'answers_end': [84, 121, 200, 416, 518, 545, 629, 606, 606, 666, 780, 760, 760, 869, 923, 1044, 1079, 1126, 1168, 1206, 1266, 1286]} |
3nd9uoo81k23a8s9gk9nu56apskwlv | Jack Benny was one of the most famous names in show business.He was born in Chicago,Illinois,on February 14th,1894.His parents,Meyer and Emma Kubelsky,were religious Jews.They had moved to the United States from Eastern Europe.Benny was a quiet boy.For much of the time,his parents were busy working in his father's store.As a child,Benny learned to play the violin.After finishing his school,he joined the Navy.He continued using his violin to perform for sailors.In one show he was chosen more for his funny jokes than for his skill with the violin.That experience made him believe that his future job was a comedian.
Benny developed a show personality that had all the qualities people dislike.He was known for being so _ --he refused to spend any money unless forced to do so.On his shows Benny often spoke of his appearance,especially his baby blue eyes.As he grew older,he always claimed to be 39 years old.Benny rarely made jokes that hurt other people.Instead,he would let the other actors on the show tell jokes about him.
In real life,he was very giving and he was a person people liked having as their employer.Benny entered the new media of television in 1950.Five years later,he dropped his radio programme to spend more time developing his television show.At first his appearances on television were rare.By 1960 the Benny Show was a weekly television programme.It continued until 1965.Benny appeared in about twenty films during his life.A few became popular.But most were not.In 1963 Benny returned to Broadway for the first time since 1931.
Benny received many awards during his lifetime.Perhaps the one honour that pleased him most was that his hometown of Waukeegan named a school for him.This was a special honour for a man who had never finished high school.
Benny continued to perform.He died of cancer in 1974.At his funeral his friend Bob Hope said,"Jack Benny was stingy to the end.He gave us only eighty years." | ['Who is the story talking about?', 'Where was he born in?', 'What month and year?', 'From where did they move?', 'Did he ever join the Navy?', 'How old did he always say he was?', 'Was he a charitable person?', 'What was the one award that made him very happy?', 'What was the cause of his death?', 'What year did he die?'] | {'answers': ['Jack Benny', 'Chicago,Illinois', 'February 14th,1894', 'Eastern Europe', 'yes', '39 years old', 'yes', 'his hometown of Waukeegan named a school for him', 'cancer', 'in 1974'], 'answers_start': [0, 61, 61, 171, 366, 878, 1036, 1619, 1815, 1815], 'answers_end': [60, 92, 114, 226, 411, 914, 1067, 1713, 1832, 1840]} |
34hjijklp5wuxbljki5ammllw3nv43 | In biology, kingdom (Latin: regnum, plural regna) is the second highest taxonomic rank, just below domain. Kingdoms are divided into smaller groups called phyla. Traditionally, some textbooks from the United States used a system of six kingdoms (Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Archaea/Archaeabacteria, and Bacteria/Eubacteria) while textbooks in Great Britain, India, Australia, Latin America and other countries used five kingdoms (Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista and Monera). Some recent classifications based on modern cladistics have explicitly abandoned the term "kingdom", noting that the traditional kingdoms are not monophyletic, i.e., do not consist of all the descendants of a common ancestor.
When Carolus Linnaeus introduced the rank-based system of nomenclature into biology in 1735, the highest rank was given the name "kingdom" and was followed by four other main or principal ranks: class, order, genus and species. Later two further main ranks were introduced, making the sequence kingdom, phylum or division, class, order, family, genus and species. In the 1960s a rank was introduced above kingdom, namely domain (or empire), so that kingdom is no longer the highest rank.
Prefixes can be added so "subkingdom" ("subregnum") and "infrakingdom" (also known as "infraregnum") are the two ranks immediately below kingdom. Superkingdom may be considered as an equivalent of domain or empire or as an independent rank between kingdom and domain or subdomain. In some classification systems the additional rank "branch" (Latin: "ramus") can be inserted between subkingdom and infrakingdom (e.g. Protostomia and Deuterostomia in the classification of Cavalier-Smith). | ['Which rank is this article about?', 'What is above it?', 'And below it?', 'How many kingdoms does the US recognize?', 'And elsewhere?', 'How many kingdoms do they agree on?', 'Which ones are those?', "What kingdoms does the US have that the others don't?", "And which ones do others have that the US doesn't?", 'Who created this system?', 'When?', 'What science is this part of?', 'Was kingdom the highest rank at first?', 'Is it still?', 'Why not?', "What's another name for domain?", 'Originally how many ranks were below kingdom?', 'What were they?', 'Is it still like that?', 'What happened?'] | {'answers': ['Kingdom', 'domain', 'phyla', 'Six', 'Five', 'Four', 'Animalia, Plantae, Fungi and Protista', 'Archaea/Archaeabacteria, and Bacteria/Eubacteria', 'Monera', 'Carolus Linnaeus', '1735', 'biology', 'yes', 'no', 'in the 1960s a rank was introduced above kingdom', 'empire', 'four', 'class, order, genus and species', 'no', 'later, 2 other ranks were introduced'], 'answers_start': [0, 0, 107, 161, 163, 244, 246, 162, 398, 714, 713, 0, 714, 0, 1078, 1350, 797, 797, 942, 942], 'answers_end': [106, 105, 161, 245, 485, 485, 282, 330, 483, 806, 805, 87, 853, 107, 1202, 1417, 908, 940, 1078, 1077]} |
31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy4971j | Atlanta, Georgia (CNN) -- Taking risks in life with her career, and less so at the buffet table, have served Mireille Guiliano and her readers well.
The longtime Veuve Clicquot champagne house executive has a wisdom about women, French and otherwise, that's made her one others turn to for advice.
The former CEO and best-selling author of "French Women Don't Get Fat" and "French Women for All Seasons" is now toasting her latest book, "Women, Work & the Art of Savoir Faire: Business Sense & Sensibility."
Inspired by the young women who've approached her for guidance, Guiliano, who splits her time between New York and Paris, set out to impart what she's learned through her career.
"We have to help each other and help especially the young generation progress and not make the same mistakes we did," she said. "These very difficult times, with the recession and all of that, are actually a positive for women because it gives us a chance to make a difference and show that we are becoming the majority, and we should be treated as such."
CNN sat down recently with Guiliano to discuss the word that hurts the careers of women most, the lessons her mother taught her and any last-minute tips she has to prevent holiday-food overindulgence. Here are excerpts from that interview:
CNN: What exactly is this art of savoir faire you speak of?
Guiliano: Savoir faire is a complex set, a mix I should say, of competence, experience and knowing somehow instinctively how to make a decision in a given situation. [It's] creating your own luck and your own opportunities and then making the most of them. | ['who interviewed her recently?', 'what does she do?', 'where was she an executive?', 'who has inspired her?', 'what question did CNN ask her?', 'what is her latest book?', 'do others turn to her for advice?', 'what wisdom does she have?', 'and what else?', 'how many other books have been mentioned?', 'has she taken risks?', 'in what?', 'how many cities does she spend time in?', 'please name them.', 'who does she say we have to especially help?', 'does she say recession is good for women?', 'does savoir faire talk about creating your own luck?', 'and what else?', 'please name one of the books she has written.', 'does she want the young generation to repeat our mistakes?'] | {'answers': ['CNN', 'former CEO and best-selling author', 'Veuve Clicquot champagne house', "the young women who've approached her for guidance", 'What exactly is this art of savoir faire you speak of?', '"Women, Work & the Art of Savoir Faire: Business Sense & Sensibility."', 'yes', 'a wisdom about women', 'Savoir faire', 'Two', 'yes', 'life with her career', 'Two', 'New York and Paris', 'the young generation', 'yes', 'yes', 'your own opportunities', '"French Women Don\'t Get Fat"', 'no'], 'answers_start': [1053, 302, 151, 514, 1295, 423, 514, 208, 1357, 302, 25, 25, 577, 578, 695, 824, 1367, 1522, 302, 695], 'answers_end': [1088, 341, 229, 576, 1356, 513, 576, 300, 1522, 408, 95, 95, 635, 634, 772, 922, 1552, 1613, 372, 812]} |
3strjbfxowr0yl6x0fsbslmww71ktc | (CNN) -- It's called the Terrorist Identities Datamart Environment, and weeks before authorities say he got on a plane with a bomb, Umar Farouk AbdulMutallab was in it.
The vast government databank, known as TIDE, is administered by the FBI's Terrorist Screening Center. It contains information about hundreds of thousands of people, the majority of them foreign nationals, who are suspected of having terrorist leanings.
An FBI official said AbdulMutallab was included in TIDE after his father warned the U.S. Embassy in Nigeria of his son's hard-line beliefs and possible ties to militant Islamists.
To understand how he could have been under the government's scrutiny and still make it onto a U.S.-bound plane with an explosive, you have to understand the way the government's watch list system works. TIDE is just the start.
The FBI uses the raw information contained in the TIDE databank to determine whether to put the subject onto the government's terror watch list, known as the Terrorism Screening Data Base. That list contains the names and aliases of about 400,000 people, but AbdulMutallab didn't make the cut.
According to Chad Kolton, a spokesman for the FBI's Terror Screening Center, there wasn't enough hard evidence to back up AbdulMutallab's father's fears, and so he wasn't placed on the terror list.
The bureau's own Web site spells out the criteria for inclusion in the screening database, saying that "only individuals who are known or reasonably suspected to be or have been engaged in conduct constituting, in preparation for, in aid of, or related to terrorism are included." | ['was there hard evidence against him?', 'what does TIDE stand for?', 'is TIDE just the start?', 'who uses the information in TIDE?', 'who uses the information in TIDE?', 'Which FBI department administers it?', 'Did the suspect get onto a plane?', 'where was it going?', 'who did the father warn?', 'where?', 'how many people does TIDE have information on?', 'what is the government watchlist known as?', 'did he end up on the list?', 'what kind of info does FBI use to determine who gets on the list?', 'who is the FBI spokesman mentioned?', 'what did he get on the plane with?', 'what is his full name?', 'what did his father suspect he had ties with?', 'what did he say about his beliefs?', 'does the list also contain aliases?'] | {'answers': ['not enough', 'Terrorist Identities Datamart Environment,', 'yes', 'FBI', 'FBI', 'Terror Screening Center,', 'yes', 'unknown', 'the U.S. Embassy', 'Nigeria', '400,000', 'Terrorism Screening Data Bas', 'no', 'suspected to be or have been engaged in conduct constituting', 'Chad Kolton', 'a bomb', 'Umar Farouk AbdulMutallab', 'militant Islamists', 'hard-line', 'yes'], 'answers_start': [1209, 25, 811, 837, 841, 1179, 101, -1, 492, 509, 1026, 964, 1092, 1437, 1146, 104, 131, 541, 542, 1025], 'answers_end': [1244, 67, 835, 900, 891, 1209, 119, -1, 522, 533, 1090, 1023, 1131, 1614, 1207, 130, 158, 604, 606, 1068]} |
3q5c1wp23m1w7i9lr94vkqkj6j151u | On February 9 th,2013,Sarah Darling was walking along the street when she met a homeless man named Billy Ray Harris.She reached into her change purse,emptied out all the coins she had and gave them to the homeless man.Neither of them realized that this small generous act would change their lives. Sarah didn't realize that she had given Billy not only all her change but also her diamond ring that she had put in her change purse earlier until the following morning.She and her husband,Bill Krejci,rushed to see if they could find Billy.The homeless man was not only in the same place,he also immediately returned the ring.The grateful couple paid him back for his honesty by emptying out their pockets of all the money they had. Bill Krejci,a web designer,felt that he needed to do something more for this amazingly honest man.So on February 18th,he set up a special page to raise money for him.In just four days,Billy received over $ 85,000 and there seems to be no end yet. That is not enough.Billy is 1iving with a person who is generous instead of living in the streets.And that's not all--thanks to the news report,he got together again with his older brother,Edwin Harris who he had been unable to find for 27 years. All the good luck is just because Billy did the right thing--returning something that did not belong to him. | ['What did Sarah give the man by mistake?', 'did she get it back?', 'what was the name of the homeless man?', 'what day did she meet him?', 'was he in the same place the following day?', 'What does Bill Krejci do for work?', 'what did he set up for Billy?', 'how much did it raise?', 'on what day?', 'who was billy reunited with', 'how long were they apart?', "what is his brother's name?", 'why did billy get all this good luck?', 'was the couple grateful?', 'what did Sarah think she gave Billy?'] | {'answers': ['her diamond ring', 'Yes', 'Billy Ray Harris', 'On February 9 th', 'Yes', 'he is a web designer', 'he set up a special page', 'over $ 85,000 so far', 'February 18th', 'his older brother', '27 years', 'Edwin Harris', 'he did the right thing', 'Yes', 'all the coins she had'], 'answers_start': [344, 593, 80, 0, 538, 730, 848, 915, 829, 1122, 1179, 1149, 1225, 624, 116], 'answers_end': [393, 623, 115, 16, 585, 757, 873, 943, 873, 1165, 1223, 1180, 1284, 643, 183]} |
3jwh6j9i9sd1a5xjx6t6kjxekm2bnw | Soccer star David Beckham will be there with his pop star wife Victoria. Elton John is attending with partner David Furnish.
The guest list for the April 29 union of Prince William and Kate Middleton is still being kept secret, but details have begun to leak out, with some coming forward to say they are attending and the Mail on Sunday newspaper claiming to have the official invitation roster .
The palace dismissed the newspaper's list as speculation Sunday.
It won't be clear until the day how the royal couple has balanced the protocol demands that they invite statesmen, diplomats, religious leaders, politicians and the like with invitations to the people they really want to see, particularly the crowd they made friends with when they met and fell in love at St. Andrews University in Scotland.
Kate Reardon, editor of high-society magazine Tatler, said many _ Britons acted as if they didn't really care about receiving an invitation while secretly checking the mail every day to see if the invitation had arrived.
"Everyone's been hoping," she said.
William and Middleton have showed their modern side by inviting a number of close friends, including some former sweethearts, the newspaper said.
The wedding is not technically a state event, which somewhat limits the protocol requirements applied to the guest list. But royal obligations still order that a large number of the 1,900 or so seats go to guests from the world of politics, not actual friends of the couple.
The couple have also invited many guests from the charities they work with, and Middleton has used her influence to invite the butcher, shopkeeper and pub owner from her home village of Bucklebury.
President Barack Obama and his wife Michelle were not invited and many other international leaders are also expected to be watching on TV, not from a seat at Westminster Abbey.
It is not clear if treasured Brits from the world of stage and screen and pop music will be on the list. | ['What soccer star is going to be there?', 'With who?', 'Is she a rap star?', 'When is the union?', 'Who did Elton John come with?'] | {'answers': ['David Beckham', 'His wife Victoria', 'pop star', 'April 29', 'David Furnish'], 'answers_start': [11, 45, 49, 149, 73], 'answers_end': [25, 125, 58, 164, 123]} |
3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw474nakv | Chapter XL
A Book of Revelation
The Irvings came back to Echo Lodge for the summer, and Anne spent a happy three weeks there in July. Miss Lavendar had not changed; Charlotta the Fourth was a very grown-up young lady now, but still adored Anne sincerely.
"When all's said and done, Miss Shirley, ma'am, I haven't seen any one in Boston that's equal to you," she said frankly.
Paul was almost grown up, too. He was sixteen, his chestnut curls had given place to close-cropped brown locks, and he was more interested in football than fairies. But the bond between him and his old teacher still held. Kindred spirits alone do not change with changing years.
It was a wet, bleak, cruel evening in July when Anne came back to Green Gables. One of the fierce summer storms which sometimes sweep over the gulf was ravaging the sea. As Anne came in the first raindrops dashed against the panes.
"Was that Paul who brought you home?" asked Marilla. "Why didn't you make him stay all night. It's going to be a wild evening."
"He'll reach Echo Lodge before the rain gets very heavy, I think. Anyway, he wanted to go back tonight. Well, I've had a splendid visit, but I'm glad to see you dear folks again. 'East, west, hame's best.' Davy, have you been growing again lately?"
"I've growed a whole inch since you left," said Davy proudly. "I'm as tall as Milty Boulter now. Ain't I glad. He'll have to stop crowing about being bigger. Say, Anne, did you know that Gilbert Blythe is dying?" Anne stood quite silent and motionless, looking at Davy. Her face had gone so white that Marilla thought she was going to faint. | ['What is contained in the book?', 'What chapter is this?', 'What lodge did the Irvings return to?', 'Who was happy there?', 'For how many weeks?', 'In what month?', 'Who had grown up but still adores her?', "Was there anyone in Boston that was Anne's equal?", 'Who else was almost grown up?', 'How old was he?', "Who hadn't changed?", 'When did Anne return to Green Gables?', 'What was the weather like in the evening when she did?', 'What was the storm ravaging?', 'Was it snowing heavily?', 'Was Anne happy to see the folks again?', 'How much had Davy grown since she last saw him?', 'Who was he now as tall as?', 'Who did he tell Anne was dying?', 'What type of curls did Paul have?'] | {'answers': ['A revelation.', 'Chapter XL.', 'Echo Lodge.', 'Anne.', 'Three weeks.', 'July.', 'Charlotta the Fourth.', 'No.', 'Paul.', 'Sixteen.', 'Paul.', 'July.', 'It was a wet, bleak, and cruel.', 'The sea.', 'No.', 'Yes.', 'An inch.', 'Milty Boulter.', 'Gilbert Blythe.', 'chestnut curls'], 'answers_start': [13, 0, 36, 88, 111, 122, 169, 309, 384, 414, 384, 665, 665, 745, 1029, 1163, 1280, 1342, 1437, 431], 'answers_end': [33, 10, 71, 137, 136, 137, 259, 363, 413, 430, 663, 743, 743, 833, 1094, 1206, 1340, 1376, 1491, 450]} |
3hya4d452rjvy0k6gphibll1niq2fm | Dear Grace, How are you? Thank you for your last e-mail. You want to know about my school clubs, right ? Well, it's time for us to join the school clubs now. There are many clubs in my school, like the English club, the art club, the music club and the sports club. I have two good friends, Jack and Lisa. We all want to join the school clubs. I want to join the music club, because I can play the guitar. I can't speak English well, but I also want to join the English club. Jack likes sports. He can play soccer and basketball. He is in the school soccer team . He wants to join the sports club. He can play the guitar, too. But he doesn't want to join the music club. Lisa likes drawing. She wants to join the art club. She also speaks English very well. I think she can be in the English club. But she can't be in the music club. She can't play any instruments . Are there any clubs in your school? What club are you in? Please write an e--mail and tell me about your school clubs. Yours, Jane | ['Who wrote a letter?', 'To whom?', 'What about?', 'How many did she mention?', 'What club does she like?', 'Why?', 'Who likes to draw?', 'Is there a club for that?', 'What language does she speak well?', 'Can she join the music club also?', 'Why not?', 'Does Jack like any clubs?', 'Which one?', 'Does he like any sports best?', 'Does he play any instruments?', 'Which one?', 'Does he want to join music club?', 'What does Jane ask grace to write her about?', 'How should she send it?', 'How many good friends does Jane have?'] | {'answers': ['Jane', 'Grace', 'Janeschool clubs', 'Four', 'The music club', 'Because Jane can play the guitar.', 'Lisa', 'The art club', 'English', 'No', "She can't play any instruments", 'Yes', 'The sports club', 'Soccer', 'Yes', 'The guitar', 'No', 'Her school clubs.', 'An email', 'Two'], 'answers_start': [992, 5, 83, 202, 343, 375, 671, 709, 406, 832, 834, 563, 564, 530, 598, 597, 627, 925, 925, 265], 'answers_end': [997, 10, 95, 264, 373, 405, 689, 721, 433, 865, 864, 596, 596, 561, 626, 626, 669, 986, 949, 305]} |
3tui152zzbnl04sjb1syi1fa2mrq19 | The sound of the women washing laundry down at the lake woke Lizzie up. She yawned, stretching out like a lazy cat. Her sister was also awake. "Lizzie", Meghan whispered, "are you awake?" Lizzie nodded and rolled out of bed. Meghan rolled over and went back to sleep.
As Lizzie walked down the hallway, she accidentally stepped on Ralph's tail. "Woof!" Ralph yelled, in pain. "Sorry, Ralph", said Lizzie.
Lizzie went down the stairs and into the kitchen. She ate some milk and cereal for breakfast. Then she sat down to write a letter to her dad. As she was writing she heard Ralph playing with his ball.
Lizzie's dad was a driver for a rich family in England. She had only met her dad in person once, but they wrote letters to each other every week. Her dad was a very busy man, and he did what he had to for his family. Sometimes Lizzie wished she could go to England, too. It wasn't fair that the other girls got to see their dads every day.
After writing a page, Lizzie stopped. Her hand was covered in the black ink of the pen. She washed her hands and dried them. Then she went outside to wait for the postman. She would mail her letter right away. | ['What woke Lizzie up?', 'What did she do after that?', 'Was her sister awake?', 'What was her name?', 'What did Meghan ask?', 'Did Meghan go back to sleep after that?', "Who's tail was stepped on?", 'Did he yell something in pain?', 'Did Lizzie appologize for it?', 'What room did she go to next?', 'Did she get something to eat for breakfast?', 'What did she have to eat?', 'After that what did she do?', 'What did she hear while she was writing?', "What did Lizzie's dad do for work for a rich family in England?", 'How many times had she met him in person?', 'Was her dad a busy person?', 'Did Lizzie ever want to go to England too?'] | {'answers': ['The sound of the women washing laundry down at the lake', 'She yawned, stretching out like a lazy cat.', 'yes', 'Meghan', 'are you awake', 'yes', 'Ralph', 'Yes', 'yes', 'the kitchen', 'yes', 'milk and cereal', 'sat down to write a letter to her dad', 'Ralph playing with his ball', 'He was a driver', 'once', 'yes', 'yes'], 'answers_start': [0, 72, 116, 116, 153, 225, 306, 348, 379, 409, 459, 459, 503, 551, 611, 667, 757, 828], 'answers_end': [70, 115, 142, 169, 185, 266, 346, 376, 405, 457, 501, 487, 549, 607, 665, 706, 784, 881]} |
3lpw2n6lkt2cgf0jtxefvspgiu0u5d | CHAPTER XVIII.
A CYCLONE.
"WHAT on earth is it all about?" Arthur Hill asked his comrades as the three boys gathered together after the work was done. "Why, there is not a breath of wind. Is it all done for practice, do you think?"
Jim shook his head. "I expect we are going to have one of those cyclones Mr. Timmins was speaking about the other day, though I don't see any signs of it, except the queer colour of the sky. I expect the glass must have been going down very fast. There is the captain popping into his cabin again. Well, he is not long about it," he added, as Captain Murchison hurried out again and spoke to Mr. Timmins, who immediately gave the order, "Furl mizzen and main topsails! Lower down the fore-staysail!"
"Well, there can't be more to do now," Jack said, when the order was carried out, "unless we set to work to set them all again."
"Look, Jack!" Arthur Hill said, grasping his arm and pointing away on the starboard beam.
A wall of black mist seemed to hang upon the horizon, rising momentarily higher and higher.
"The squall is coming, lads!" the captain shouted. "When it strikes her hold on for your lives. Carpenter, put a man with an axe at each of the weather-shrouds. We may have to cut away before we have done with it."
All eyes were now turned towards the bank of cloud, which was rising with extraordinary rapidity. Small portions of the upper line seemed at times to be torn off and to rush ahead of the main body, and then to disappear, suddenly blown into fragments. A low moaning sound was heard, and a line of white could be made out at the foot of the cloud-bank. The water around the ship was still as smooth as glass, though there was a slight swell, which swayed her to and fro, and caused the shrouds and blocks to rattle. | ['Were they on a ship?', 'What was the captains name?', 'What was headed their way?', 'Who is giving the orders?', 'What did he order?', 'What was on the starboard side?', 'Was it the cyclone?', 'What was it doing?', 'What did the skipper yell?', 'What did he order of Carpenter'] | {'answers': ['yes', 'Murchison', 'cyclones', 'Mr. Timmins', '"Furl mizzen and main topsails! Lower down the fore-staysail!"', 'A wall of black mist', 'yes', 'rising momentarily higher and higher', '"The squall is coming, lads!', 'put a man with an axe at each of the weather-shrouds. We may have to cut away before we have done with it."'], 'answers_start': [1625, 589, 302, 630, 675, 963, 1057, 1016, 1057, 1164], 'answers_end': [1651, 599, 310, 641, 738, 983, 1084, 1053, 1085, 1271]} |
34j10vatjfyw0aohj8d4a0wwjqaiq5 | One day a young boy went to visit a toy store. In the toy store the young boy found many fun toys. One toy that the boy really liked was a small blue toy truck. The small blue toy truck was a lot of fun to play with, and made a lot of funny noises. The young boy played with the toy truck for a long time, and then another little boy showed up and began to play with a little red car. The two boys ended up becoming friends and played with the toys for a long time. They ended up becoming good friends and had many play dates together over the months ahead. On one play date the two boys built a large tree house and called it the tree castle. They played for hours in the tree castle and always found something fun to do when they played together. They were glad that they met in the toy store and became life-long friends. | ['Who visits a toy store?', 'Was he the only one?', 'What kinds of toys did the two boys play with?', 'Was that the only toy?', 'Did they like each other?', 'How long were they friends?', 'Did they do other things besides playing with toys', 'Like what?', 'Did they name it?', 'What was it?', 'How long would their play dates last?', 'Were they friends before they played cars in the toy store?'] | {'answers': ['a young boy', 'no', 'a little red car.', 'a toy truck', 'yes', 'for life', 'yes', 'they built a tree house', 'yes', 'the tree castle.', 'for hours', 'no'], 'answers_start': [0, 305, 306, 161, 385, 749, 558, 558, 558, 558, 644, 385], 'answers_end': [45, 343, 384, 384, 424, 824, 612, 612, 642, 644, 665, 466]} |
3qhk8zvmimibm5uyltdr7rtpfutblr | (CNN) -- It could be the spartan living environment, or perhaps growing up in the thin air nearly 3,000 meters above sea level -- or maybe it's the influence of a legendary local coach.
Whatever its secret, a remote mountain town in Ethiopia has produced a string of world-beating distance runners.
Three-time Olympic champion Tirunesh Dibaba is the current cream of a crop that has helped put Bekoji on the map. Like many from her area, she was clearly born to run.
"Running is for me my job, but also my source of entertainment," the 27-year-old told CNN's Human to Hero series.
"It's because of running that I am well known around the world. For me, it's the ultimate thing."
Her elder sister Ejegayehu was an Olympic silver medalist in 2004, while younger sister Genzebe was the 2009 world junior cross country champion and a younger brother Dejene is a promising 800m runner.
Sporting excellence flows through the family genes: Dibaba is the cousin of double Olympic 10,000m champion Derartu Tulu, while she was also inspired by another cousin -- Bekelu, who she often calls her sister, and was an international distance runner.
They all hail from Bekoji, a town of fewer than 20,000 people set high in the mountains of the Arsi province, but with a freakish record for track and field success.
"Bekoji has produced so many great athletes starting from Derartu. In Beijing, Kenenisa (Bekele) and I brought home two gold medals each," Dibaba said.
"Bekoji has strong runners. Bekoji is great and can produce even greater athletes." | ['Who is the cream of crop?', 'Who is she?', 'What is she known for?', 'Did she speak out to CNN?', 'Do she have siblings?', 'What do they do?', 'Who is Bekelu?', 'Where are they from?', 'What is they record there?', 'What did she bring back home?', 'What can Bekoji produce?'] | {'answers': ['Tirunesh Dibaba', 'Tirunesh Dibaba', 'Three-time Olympic champion', 'yes', 'yes', 'they are runners', 'an international distance runner', 'Bekoji', 'a record for track and field success', 'two gold medals each', 'great athletes'], 'answers_start': [331, 331, 303, 542, 689, 706, 1112, 1167, 1278, 1432, 1345], 'answers_end': [346, 346, 330, 562, 891, 891, 1145, 1173, 1312, 1452, 1359]} |
3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwvf4f1g | CHAPTER IX.
THE PLOT AGAINST HAL.
Hal Carson was sure that he had just missed a most important statement.
"I wish Ferris had finished what he intended to say," he thought.
He waited breathlessly for the two to go on.
"What makes you so scared?" asked Ferris. "Can anybody hear us here?"
"I think not. Still we want to be careful."
"Yes, but----"
"Not another word on that point, Dick." Hardwick's voice grew stern. "I am a man, while you are a boy, and I know what is best for both of us."
"Well, have your own way."
"I think it will be a wise plan for you to get Carson out of the way. He is altogether too smart a fellow to have around," continued the book-keeper.
"I don't think he looks very smart," sneered Ferris, who could not stand hearing Hal praised.
"He's smarter than you or most people think. That yarn about his being brought up in the poor-house may be true, but I have my doubts."
"Why?" asked Ferris, in high curiosity.
"I can't explain now." There was a brief pause. "Here, take a cigar. Those nasty cigarettes make me sick."
There was the striking of matches, and then another pause.
"Are you going to continue as book-keeper when Allen leaves?" asked Ferris.
"Certainly."
"I thought you were to go with Allen in his new venture."
"I will--later on."
"Has he made any definite plans yet?"
"No."
"The reason I asked is because I want you to put in a word for me." | ['How many people were talking?', 'Who?', 'What did they discuss?', 'Why did they do that?', 'Were they jealous of him?', 'Did they have a plan then?', 'Were they smoking?', 'What?', 'Why?', 'Who kept the books?'] | {'answers': ['two', 'Ferris and Dick', 'getting Carson out of the way', 'He is too smart', 'yes', 'No', 'yes', 'cigars', 'cigarettes make dick sick.', 'dick'], 'answers_start': [210, 207, 580, 607, 746, 1351, 1020, 1027, 1034, 1140], 'answers_end': [215, 214, 605, 633, 781, 1353, 1032, 1032, 1070, 1143]} |
3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p29canu0 | A gazetteer is a geographical dictionary or directory used in conjunction with a map or atlas. They typically contain information concerning the geographical makeup, social statistics and physical features of a country, region, or continent. Content of a gazetteer can include a subject's location, dimensions of peaks and waterways, population, GDP and literacy rate. This information is generally divided into topics with entries listed in alphabetical order.
Ancient Greek gazetteers are known to have existed since the Hellenistic era. The first known Chinese gazetteer was released by the first century, and with the age of print media in China by the ninth century, the Chinese gentry became invested in producing gazetteers for their local areas as a source of information as well as local pride. The geographer Stephanus of Byzantium wrote a geographical dictionary (which currently has missing parts) in the sixth century which influenced later European compilers. Modern gazetteers can be found in reference sections of most libraries as well as on the internet.
The "Oxford English Dictionary" defines a "gazetteer" as a "geographical index or dictionary". It includes as an example a work by the British historian Laurence Echard (d. 1730) in 1693 that bore the title "The Gazetteer's: or Newsman's Interpreter: Being a Geographical Index". Echard wrote that the title "Gazetteer's" was suggested to him by a "very eminent person" whose name he chose not to disclose. For Part II of this work published in 1704, Echard referred to the book simply as "the Gazeteer". This marked the introduction of the word "gazetteer" into the English language. Historian Robert C. White suggests that the "very eminent person" written of by Echard was his colleague Edmund Bohun, and chose not to mention Bohun because he became associated with the Jacobite movement. | ['What is a gazetteer?', 'What did it consist of?', 'What did China have to do with it?', 'Who was Stephanus?', 'Did he do anything significiant?', 'Can you find any of his work today?', 'What did Laurance Echard write?', 'Was the title suggested to him?', 'By who?', 'Who was Edumund Bohun?', "Why wasn't he mentioned?"] | {'answers': ['a geographical dictionary', "a subject's location, dimensions of peaks and waterways, population, GDP and literacy rate. This information is generally divided into topics with entries listed in alphabetical order.", 'first known Chinese gazetteer was in China', 'a geographer', 'wrote a geographical dictionary', 'yes', '"The Gazetteer\'s: or Newsman\'s Interpreter: Being a Geographical Index', 'yes', 'a "very eminent person"', 'his colleague', 'because he became associated with the Jacobite movement.'], 'answers_start': [0, 0, 546, 806, 821, 805, 1229, 1386, 1398, 1739, 1792], 'answers_end': [40, 462, 672, 843, 875, 973, 1354, 1419, 1447, 1779, 1868]} |
3urfvvm165iantk80llvkwwbjr6uze | New York (CNN)A suburban New York cardiologist has been charged in connection with a failed scheme to have another physician hurt or killed, according to prosecutors.
Dr. Anthony Moschetto, 54, pleaded not guilty Wednesday to criminal solicitation, conspiracy, burglary, arson, criminal prescription sale and weapons charges in connection to what prosecutors called a plot to take out a rival doctor on Long Island.
He was released after posting $2 million bond and surrendering his passport.
Two other men -- identified as James Chmela, 43, and James Kalamaras, 41 -- were named as accomplices, according to prosecutors.
They pleaded not guilty in Nassau County District Court, according to authorities. Both were released on bail.
Requests for comment from attorneys representing Moschetto and Chmela were not returned. It's unclear whether Kalamaras has retained an attorney.
Moschetto's attorney, Randy Zelin, said Wednesday that his client "will be defending himself vigorously," the New York Post reported.
"Doctors are supposed to ensure the health and wellbeing of people, but Dr. Moschetto is alleged to have replaced that responsibility with brazen, callous and criminal acts," Acting Nassau District Attorney Madeline Singas said in a statement.
Police officers allegedly discovered approximately 100 weapons at Moschetto's home, including hand grenades, high-capacity magazines and knives. Many of the weapons were found in a hidden room behind a switch-activated bookshelf, according to prosecutors.
The investigation began back in December, when undercover officers began buying heroin and oxycodone pills from Moschetto in what was initially a routine investigation into the sale of prescription drugs, officials said. | ['What doctor was charged with trying to kill another doctor?', 'How old is he?', 'Where does he practice?', 'What is his speciality?', 'Who else was charged?', 'Was he released on bail?', 'How much was the doctors bail?', 'How have all three pled?', 'What court were they arraigned in?', "Who is Moschetto's attorney?", "Were weapons found in Moschetto's home?", 'What kinds?', 'and how many weapons were there?', 'Were they hidden?', 'Where?', 'When did the investigation begin?', 'What were the cops buying the doctor?', 'How old were the accomplices?', 'What New York burrough was the rival Dr from?', 'Has Kalamaras hired a lawyer?'] | {'answers': ['Dr. Anthony Moschetto', '54', 'New York', 'a cardiologist', 'Two other men', 'Both were', '$2 million', 'not guilty', 'Nassau County District Court', 'Randy Zelin', 'Yes', 'hand grenades', 'approximately 100', 'Yes', 'in a hidden room', 'back in December', 'heroin and oxycodone', '43 and 41', 'Long Island', "It's unclear"], 'answers_start': [169, 192, 24, 34, 499, 713, 450, 643, 656, 913, 1299, 1367, 1310, 1443, 1449, 1554, 1611, 544, 404, 832], 'answers_end': [190, 194, 33, 46, 512, 722, 460, 653, 685, 924, 1335, 1380, 1327, 1465, 1465, 1571, 1631, 571, 416, 844]} |
3m81gab8a0jmd2abdylnodsjosqqbo | (CNN) -- Three Pakistani paramilitary soldiers were killed this week in a cross-border firefight between Pakistan and India, officials said Thursday.
The soldiers were moving from one post to another along the border when they came under fire by Indian forces, said Maj. Gen. Athar Abbas, Pakistan army spokesman.
Since a cease-fire is in effect, the firing by Indian forces was unprovoked, Abbas said. But Pakistani forces retaliated after the shots were fired, he said.
It was unclear whether the incident took place late Tuesday or Wednesday, as Pakistani and Indian officials provided different times.
Lt. Col. J.S. Brar, Indian defense spokesman for the disputed Kashmir region, said there were two violations of the cease-fire on the Line of Control, the de facto border between Indian- and Pakistan-administered Kashmir. In the first, fighting continued for about an hour, he said. A second violation took place Thursday morning, he said, and one Indian soldier was injured. Brar said he could not comment on Pakistani casualties.
Pakistani officials said severe weather conditions in Kashmir, a Himalayan region, hampered removal of the soldiers' bodies. Pakistan has asked the Indian local commanding authority for a full report on the incident.
India and Pakistan have have fought three wars since the partition of the Asian subcontinent in 1947. Two of them were over Kashmir, which is claimed by both nuclear powers.
On August 20, an Indian army officer and five militants were killed in clashes along the Line of Control. India has accused Pakistan of aiding infiltration into Indian Kashmir, which has battled separatist violence for more than two decades. Islamabad has denied the accusations. More than 40,000 have died in the violence, officials say. | ['Who were the fatalities?'] | {'answers': ['Pakistani paramilitary soldiers'], 'answers_start': [15], 'answers_end': [46]} |
30x31n5d63qt78kwzoawo2nep48saf | Way back in 1662,John Evelyn,a brilliant Englishman known for his detailed diaries,wrote
About disastrous effects of coal-burning on the city of London .In it,he described an infernal scene of
smog.air filled with "Columns and Clouds of Smoke''given out by small industries and residences
that burned coal for fuel.
I found the description in the 2003 book When Smoke Ran like Water,by epidemiologist and environmental advocator Devra Davis.In it,Davis looks back at several historic pollution events and their disastrous effect on human human health-and at how these phenomena were often Ignored or even actively covered up by then people in charge at that time.
As Davis points out,John Evelyn was ahead of his time when writing about how London's
polluted air affected the well-being of its residents.It wasn't until nearly 300 years later,after what
became well-known as the Great Smog of 1952,that the government began to address the problem in a systematic way.
For four days.Between December 5th"and 9th",due to all accident of the weather pattern,the city
was buried in a heavy fog .People were still burning coal for fuel,and low-grade coal at that time,
because 0f wartime condition.A temperature inversion trapped the smoke from the city's fires,
creating a black cloud in which people could barely find their way down the most familiar streets
Some tried to protect themselves,but most people simply went about their business
But l952's fog was far worse than any other in memory.In the same week of the previous year,
1852 people had died in London;inl952,that number was 4703 And the deaths didn't stop when
the weather changed and the fog lifted.Davis and her colleagues analyzed data from the next several
months and found that about 13000 more people died between December and March than one would
have predicted from historical averages Many of them died of pneumonia .The government,
she writes.Tried to blame a bad flu season.Her detailed analysis found that explanation simply did
not pan out.
Davis writes that even today in this country ,we still have not completely absorbed the lessons
0f similar events.Sixty years the killer fog lifted in London,people are dying preventable
deaths and suffering life.changing illnesses,simply because they must breathe the air of the cities
where they live | ['who is Devra Davis?', 'what book did he write?', 'when?', 'what is it about?', 'what did he say about John Evelyn?', 'when was the Great Smog?', 'does Davis think we have learned a lesson?', 'who is John Evelyn?', 'is he Irish?', 'where is he from?', 'what did he write about?', 'what event was he writing about?', 'of what?', 'where was the smoke from?', 'why were they burning it?'] | {'answers': ['epidemiologist and environmental advocator', 'When Smoke Ran like Water', '2003', 'historic pollution events', 'ahead of his time', '1952', 'no', 'known for his detailed diaries', 'no', 'England', 'smog', 'disastrous effects', 'of coal-burning', 'small industries and residences', 'burned coal for fuel.'], 'answers_start': [394, 365, 355, 483, 710, 907, 2104, 52, 41, 41, 197, 97, 116, 261, 300], 'answers_end': [436, 390, 359, 508, 727, 911, 2151, 82, 51, 51, 201, 115, 131, 292, 321]} |
3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352a9yuai | Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, and the Black Sea to the east. With a territory of , Bulgaria is Europe's 16th-largest country.
Organised prehistoric cultures began developing on current Bulgarian lands during the Neolithic period. Its ancient history saw the presence of the Thracians, Greeks, Persians, Celts, Romans, Goths, Alans and Huns. The emergence of a unified Bulgarian state dates back to the establishment of the First Bulgarian Empire in 681 AD, which dominated most of the Balkans and functioned as a cultural hub for Slavs during the Middle Ages. With the downfall of the Second Bulgarian Empire in 1396, its territories came under Ottoman rule for nearly five centuries. The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78 led to the formation of the Third Bulgarian State. The following years saw several conflicts with its neighbours, which prompted Bulgaria to align with Germany in both world wars. In 1946 it became a one-party socialist state as part of the Soviet-led Eastern Bloc. In December 1989 the ruling Communist Party allowed multi-party elections, which subsequently led to Bulgaria's transition into a democracy and a market-based economy. | ['When were the first Bulgarian cultures started?', 'Were the Greeks ever in the area?', 'How many others are listed?', 'About when was the first unified state there?', 'What was it called?', 'What area did it control?', 'Who was there?', 'Was this during the Renaissance?', 'What was this time period called?', 'What occurred in 1396?', 'Who took over then?', 'Were they in charge for a long time?', 'What was the outcome of the Russo-Turkish War?', 'What year was that?', 'Did they join the allies in WW2?', 'Were they democratic in the years after the war?', 'Did they ever become that?', 'When?\\', 'What body of water is Bulgaria west of?', 'How many countries in Europe are bigger?'] | {'answers': ['the Neolithic period', 'yes', 'seven', '681 AD', 'the First Bulgarian Empire', 'most of the Balkans', 'Slavs', 'no', 'the Middle Ages', 'the downfall of the Second Bulgarian Empire', 'the Ottomans', 'yes', 'the formation of the Third Bulgarian State', '1877–78', 'no', 'no', 'yes', 'After December 1989', 'the Black Sea', '15'], 'answers_start': [337, 416, 436, 520, 580, 619, 658, 697, 698, 727, 778, 819, 847, 847, 1009, 1059, 1240, 1146, 193, 254], 'answers_end': [390, 453, 501, 617, 617, 654, 697, 720, 720, 778, 819, 845, 929, 879, 1058, 1105, 1285, 1219, 219, 284]} |
33fbrbdw6ozzh32l540id6d1dimc8b | Entomology (from Greek , "entomon" "insect"; and , "") is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was more vague, and historically the definition of entomology included the study of terrestrial animals in other arthropod groups or other phyla, such as arachnids, myriapods, earthworms, land snails, and slugs. This wider meaning may still be encountered in informal use.
Like several of the other fields that are categorized within zoology, entomology is a taxon-based category; any form of scientific study in which there is a focus on insect-related inquiries is, by definition, entomology. Entomology therefore overlaps with a cross-section of topics as diverse as molecular genetics, behavior, biomechanics, biochemistry, systematics, physiology, developmental biology, ecology, morphology, and paleontology.
At some 1.3 million described species, insects account for more than two-thirds of all known organisms, date back some 400 million years, and have many kinds of interactions with humans and other forms of life on earth.
Entomology is rooted in nearly all human cultures from prehistoric times, primarily in the context of agriculture (especially biological control and beekeeping), but scientific study began only as recently as the 16th century.
William Kirby is widely considered as the father of Entomology. In collaboration with William Spence, he published a definitive entomological encyclopedia, "Introduction to Entomology", regarded as the subject's foundational text. He also helped to found the Royal Entomological Society in London in 1833, one of the earliest such societies in the world; earlier antecedents, such as the Aurelian society date back to the 1740s. | ['What is entemology?', 'Of what?', 'What is it a sub-discipline of?', 'Who founded the science?', 'Did he have any partners?', 'Who?', 'What book was the basis of the discipline?', 'Did Kirby have any other acheivements?', 'What?', 'Which one?', 'In what year?', 'Were there any similar groups earlier?', 'Like what?', 'Is entomology similar to other sciences?', 'How so?', 'What defines it?', 'How many different kinds of bugs are there?', 'What proportion of known creatures is that?', 'Are insects ancient?', 'How old are they?'] | {'answers': ['a scientific study', 'insects', 'zoology', 'William Kirby', 'Yes', 'William Spence', 'Introduction to Entomology', 'Yes', 'Helped to found a society', 'Royal Entomological Society', '1833', 'Yes', 'the Aurelian society', 'Yes', "It's a taxon-based category", 'a focus on insect-related inquiries', 'Around 1.3 million described species', 'two-thirds', 'yes', 'around 400 million years old'], 'answers_start': [0, 50, 0, 1312, 1377, 1376, 1414, 1543, 1543, 1570, 1569, 1619, 1688, 417, 485, 525, 861, 900, 965, 969], 'answers_end': [90, 91, 111, 1376, 1466, 1412, 1495, 1740, 1599, 1599, 1617, 1737, 1740, 524, 523, 638, 899, 963, 1081, 997]} |
3bdcf01ogxu7zdn9vlrbf2rq09glyx | Liechtenstein, officially the Principality of Liechtenstein (), is a doubly landlocked German-speaking microstate in Central Europe. The principality is a constitutional monarchy headed by the Prince of Liechtenstein.
Liechtenstein is bordered by Switzerland to the west and south and Austria to the east and north. It has an area of just over , the fourth-smallest in Europe, and an estimated population of 37,000. Divided into 11 municipalities, its capital is Vaduz and its largest municipality is Schaan.
Economically, Liechtenstein has one of the highest gross domestic products per person in the world when adjusted for purchasing power parity, and the highest when not adjusted by purchasing power parity. The unemployment rate is one of the lowest in the world at 1.5%. Liechtenstein has been known in the past as a billionaire tax haven; however, it is no longer on any blacklists of uncooperative tax haven countries (see taxation section).
An alpine country, Liechtenstein is mainly mountainous, making it a winter sport destination. Many cultivated fields and small farms are found both in the south (Oberland, "upper land") and north (Unterland, "lower land"). The country has a strong financial sector centered in Vaduz. Liechtenstein is a member of the United Nations, European Free Trade Association, and the Council of Europe, and while not being a member of the European Union, the country participates in both the Schengen Area and European Economic Area. It also has a customs union and a monetary union with Switzerland. | ['What does Oberland mean?', 'What does Unterland mean?', 'What is Liechtenstein?', 'What is its population?', 'What is its capital?', 'What is the percentage of unemployment there?', 'What kind of a haven was it known as before?', 'What kind of landscape does it mostly have?', 'How many municipalities are there?', 'What is its biggest municipality?', 'What is one organization that Liechtenstein is a member of?', 'What is another one?', 'Is it part of the European Union?', 'Which language do they speak there?', 'Where is Switzerland in relation to it?', 'And what about Austria?', 'Where does it rank in terms of its area size in Europe?', 'How does it rank in terms of gross domestic products per person?', 'Where can you find a lot of fields and small farms?', 'What is Vaduz?'] | {'answers': ['upper land', 'lower land', 'a country', '37,000.', 'Vaduz', '1.5%.', 'tax haven', 'mainly mountainou', '11', 'Schaan', 'United Nations', 'European Free Trade Association', 'no', 'German', 'o the west and south', 'to the east and north', 'fourth-smallest', 'one of the highest', 'both in the south and north', 'capital'], 'answers_start': [1130, 1166, 966, 410, 465, 776, 911, 992, 431, 503, 1273, 1290, 1360, 87, 262, 295, 352, 545, 1099, 454], 'answers_end': [1140, 1176, 974, 417, 470, 781, 920, 1010, 433, 509, 1288, 1321, 1400, 93, 282, 316, 367, 564, 1117, 461]} |
3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5vpo3go | CHAPTER XI
The _Ghost_ has attained the southernmost point of the arc she is describing across the Pacific, and is already beginning to edge away to the west and north toward some lone island, it is rumoured, where she will fill her water-casks before proceeding to the season’s hunt along the coast of Japan. The hunters have experimented and practised with their rifles and shotguns till they are satisfied, and the boat-pullers and steerers have made their spritsails, bound the oars and rowlocks in leather and sennit so that they will make no noise when creeping on the seals, and put their boats in apple-pie order—to use Leach’s homely phrase.
His arm, by the way, has healed nicely, though the scar will remain all his life. Thomas Mugridge lives in mortal fear of him, and is afraid to venture on deck after dark. There are two or three standing quarrels in the forecastle. Louis tells me that the gossip of the sailors finds its way aft, and that two of the telltales have been badly beaten by their mates. He shakes his head dubiously over the outlook for the man Johnson, who is boat-puller in the same boat with him. Johnson has been guilty of speaking his mind too freely, and has collided two or three times with Wolf Larsen over the pronunciation of his name. Johansen he thrashed on the amidships deck the other night, since which time the mate has called him by his proper name. But of course it is out of the question that Johnson should thrash Wolf Larsen. | ['Who was beaten?', 'Which one is a boat-puller?', 'What has he been doing that has caused problems with his mates?', 'Who has he tussled with multiple times?', 'How many times?', 'What were they fighting over?', 'On what vehicle does this story take place?', 'Is it crossing an ocean?', 'Which one?', "Word has it, they're going where?", 'To fill what?', 'Before heading to what event?', 'Where will that be?', "Is someone's arm better after an injury?", 'What will have forever from it?', 'Who is far to scared to be on deck at night?', 'Who knows the gossip and relays it?', 'What did the hunters spend time perfecting their use of?', 'Are they happy with their skills?', "What's bound in leather?"] | {'answers': ['Two of the telltales', 'Johnson', 'Speaking his mind too freely', 'Wolf Larsen', 'Two or three times', 'The pronunciation of his name.', 'The _Ghost_', 'Yes', 'The Pacific', 'Toward some lone island', 'Her water-casks', 'The season’s hunt', 'Along the coast of Japan', 'Yes', 'The scar', 'Thomas Mugridge', 'Louis', 'Their rifles and shotguns', 'Yes', 'The oars and rowlocks'], 'answers_start': [952, 1021, 1134, 1134, 1191, 1190, 13, 13, 13, 110, 210, 211, 195, 655, 655, 737, 887, 312, 312, 473], 'answers_end': [1019, 1107, 1189, 1243, 1243, 1279, 71, 108, 108, 193, 310, 310, 310, 693, 735, 826, 950, 387, 410, 513]} |
3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazut4nwk | Libertarianism (, "freedom") is a collection of political philosophies and movements that uphold liberty as a core principle. Libertarians seek to maximize political freedom and autonomy, emphasizing freedom of choice, voluntary association, individual judgment, and self-ownership.
Libertarians share a skepticism of authority and state power. However, they diverge on the scope of their opposition to existing political and economic systems. Various schools of libertarian thought offer a range of views regarding the legitimate functions of state and private power, often calling to restrict or to dissolve coercive social institutions.
Some libertarians advocate laissez-faire capitalism and strong private property rights, such as in land, infrastructure, and natural resources. Others, notably libertarian socialists, seek to abolish capitalism and private ownership of the means of production in favor of their common or cooperative ownership and management, viewing private property as a barrier to freedom and liberty. An additional line of division is between minarchists and anarchists. While minarchists think that a minimal centralized government is necessary, anarchists and anarcho-capitalists propose to completely eliminate the state.
The first recorded use of the term "libertarian" was in 1789, when William Belsham wrote about libertarianism in the context of metaphysics.
"Libertarian" came to mean an advocate or defender of liberty, especially in the political and social spheres, as early as 1796, when the London Packet printed on 12 February: "Lately marched out of the Prison at Bristol, 450 of the French Libertarians." The word was again used in a political sense in 1802, in a short piece critiquing a poem by "the author of Gebir", and has since been used with this meaning. | ['When was the word "libertarian" first used?', 'By who?', 'In what context?', 'What did the word mean?', 'And what does the more general "libertarianism" mean?', 'What does it consist of?', 'What do the movements stand for?', 'What are libertarians skeptic of?', 'Are there different types of libertarians?', 'What is one type?', 'What do they seek?', 'Anything else?', 'What is an example of libertarians with opposing views?', 'When was the London Packet written?'] | {'answers': ['1789', 'William Belsham', 'metaphysics', 'advocate or defender of liberty', 'freedom', 'political philosophies and movements', 'liberty as a core principle', 'authority and state power', 'yes', 'libertarian socialists', 'abolish capitalism', 'private ownership of the means of production', 'cooperative ownership and management', '1796'], 'answers_start': [1314, 1325, 1386, 1431, 19, 48, 97, 320, 361, 804, 836, 859, 932, 1524], 'answers_end': [1318, 1340, 1397, 1462, 26, 84, 124, 345, 368, 826, 854, 903, 968, 1528]} |
3duzq9u6smodzwnuaj1skp1ramrvsh | (RollingStone.com) -- Jon Stewart says that his Rally to Restore Sanity -- and Stephen Colbert's sister event, March to Keep Fear Alive -- are not meant to counter Glenn Beck's Restoring Honor event of last August.
"The march is like everything that we do, just a construct ... to translate the type of material that Stephen and I do on "The Daily Show" and "Colbert Report," Stewart said at a Q&A last night at New York's 92nd Street Y.
Instead, the rallies are meant to satirize the political process, and the news coverage spawned from it.
"I'm less upset about politicians than the media," Stewart, who was quoted by The Hollywood Reporter, said, adding that he "very much" wanted to avoid claims that his rally was a response to Beck's.
Obama in command: The Rolling Stone interview
The Rally to Restore Sanity and March to Keep Fear Alive will take place in Washington, D.C. on October 30th. (Halloween costumes will likely be involved.)
"Think of our event as Woodstock, but with the nudity and drugs replaced by respectful disagreement; the Million Man March, only a lot smaller, and a bit less of a sausage fest; or the Gathering of the Juggalos, but instead of throwing our feces at Tila Tequila, we'll be actively not throwing our feces at Tila Tequila," goes a description on the Rally to Restore Sanity site.
Matt Taibbi: The truth about the Tea Party
Conservative host Bill O'Reilly has declined Stewart's invitation to appear at his rally. President Barack Obama, meanwhile, said he was "amused" by the idea. | ['What big event is going to happen?', 'When will that be?', 'Where at?', 'Will people maybe dress up funny?', 'Who is running it?', 'Does it have a sibling get together that goes with it?', "What's that called?", 'Run by the same person?', 'Then who?', 'Is it supposed to be in reply to a previous get together?', 'Who else ran a get together in the past?', 'What was that called?', 'When was it?', 'Is the current main runner mostly mad at politics?', 'Then what?', 'Will they be very somber?', 'Who decided not to go?', 'Is he more left or right?', 'What did the leading of the USA feel about it?', 'Will people be naked and drugged out?'] | {'answers': ['Rally to Restore Sanity', 'October 30th', 'Washington, D.C.', 'Yes', 'Jon Stewart', 'Yes', 'March to Keep Fear Alive', 'No', 'Stephen Colbert', 'No', 'Glenn Beck', 'Restoring Honor', 'Last August', 'No', 'The media', 'No', "Bill O'Reilly", 'Right', 'Amused', 'No'], 'answers_start': [22, 798, 874, 908, 22, 75, 111, 78, 79, 139, 164, 177, 202, 550, 587, 957, 1381, 1381, 1471, 989], 'answers_end': [71, 906, 889, 954, 71, 111, 135, 96, 94, 192, 174, 192, 213, 608, 597, 1277, 1446, 1394, 1526, 1055]} |
3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmvngdv | "The Lord of the Rings", one of the best sellers in the new millennium , was made up of three parts--"The Fellow Ship of the Ring", "Two Towers", and "The Return of the King". Millions upon millions of people have read it in over 25 different languages, but fewer know about the author and the history of the composition of the creative masterwork.
John Ronald Refuel Tolkien was born in South Africa in 1892. His parents died when he was a child. Living in England with his aunt, Tolkien and his cousins made up play languages, a hobby that led to Tolkien's becoming skilled in Welsh, Greek, Gothic, Old Norse and Anglo--Saxon.
After graduating from Oxford, Tolkien served in World War I. In 1917, while recovering from trench fever he began composing the mythology for The Rings. As a professor of Anglo-Saxon in the 1930s at Oxford, Tolkien was part of an informal discussion group called the Inklings, which included several writers. The group was soon 1istening to chapters of Tolkien's imaginative work "The Hobbit".
Hobbit was a name Tolkien created for people that could best be described as half-sized members of the English rural class. Hobbits live in hillside holes. One of them,Bilbo Baggins, looks for treasures with a group of dwarves . On the way, he meets the twisted, pitiful creature Gollum, from whom he sees a golden ring that makes the holder invisible.
One of Tolkien's students persuaded her employer, publisher Allen & Unwind, to look at a draft . The chairman of the firm, Stanley Unwind, thought that the best judge for a Children's book would be his ten-year-old son. The boy earned a shilling for reporting back that the adventure was exciting, and "The Hobbit" was published in 1937.
It sold so well that Unwind asked for a continuation. Over a dozen years later, in 1954, Tolkien produced "The Lord of the Rings", a series of books so creative that they hold readers both new and old -- after their publication. | ['Who wrote the Lord of the Rings?', 'When was he born?', 'Where?', 'Who raised him', 'What did he do for fun with cousins?', 'What real languages did he learn?', 'What are the 3 sections of the Lord of the Rings?', 'Where did he go to school?', 'Did he leave before graduating?', 'What diid he teach?', 'What was his discussion group named?', 'What were hobbits?', 'Were they the same thing as dwarves?', 'Where were their homes?', 'What was one of the hobbits named?', 'What terrible creature did he meet?', 'How much did a child receive for reviewing The Hobbit?'] | {'answers': ['John Ronald Refuel Tolkien', '1892', 'South Africa', 'his aunt', 'made up play languages', 'Welsh, Greek, Gothic, Old Norse and Anglo--Saxon', 'unknown', 'Oxford', 'no', 'Anglo-Saxon', 'the Inklings', 'half-sized members of the English rural class', 'no', 'hillside holes', 'Bilbo Baggins', 'Gollum', 'a shilling'], 'answers_start': [351, 406, 390, 473, 507, 581, -1, 655, 633, 804, 895, 1106, 1212, 1169, 1197, 1309, 1619], 'answers_end': [377, 410, 402, 481, 529, 629, -1, 661, 661, 815, 908, 1151, 1255, 1183, 1210, 1315, 1629]} |
3hya4d452rjvy0k6gphibll1nqef23 | Andy was a small boy who, like many small boys, loved to play. He would play outside. He would play in his basement. He would play in his room. When he played, he would play with lots of things. Sometimes he played with blocks. Sometimes he played with cards. Sometimes he would even play with his sister's dolls.
One day, Andy became bored. "Maybe I'll play outside," said Andy. He tried to play outside, but it didn't seem right. "I know," said Andy, "maybe I'll play in the basement." So he tried to play in his basement, but that didn't seem right either. "I guess I can play in my room," said Andy. So he went to his room to play, but he still felt bored.
"Maybe I need to play with something different," said Andy. So he tried to play with his blocks, but he was still bored. "I'll play with my cards," said Andy, but they weren't fun either. "I'll play with my sister's dolls," said Andy, but he kept being bored.
Andy was starting to get sad, and then his sister Angie came in and asked, "Do you want to play, Andy?" "Yes," said Andy. And they played with blocks, and dolls, and cards. And they had fun. As it turns out, all Andy needed was somebody to play with. | ['Who was Andy?', 'What did he like to do?', 'Where?', 'Anywhere else?', 'Where?', 'What would he do there?', 'like what?', 'What happened one day?', 'What did he do?', 'did he?', 'so what else did he do?', 'did he?', 'What else did he do?', 'What did he do there?', 'did it work?', 'How was he feeling?', 'What happened?', 'What did she say?'] | {'answers': ['a small boy', 'to play.', 'outside', 'yes', 'basement and his room', 'play with lots of things', 'blocks, cards, and dolls', 'he became bored.', 'He tried to play outside,', 'no', 'tried to play in the basement.', 'no', 'tried to play in his room', 'tried to play with his blocks', 'no', 'sad', 'his sister Angie came in', 'Do you want to play, Andy'], 'answers_start': [0, 26, 63, 86, 86, 160, 195, 325, 382, 408, 456, 527, 563, 728, 762, 927, 966, 1003], 'answers_end': [21, 62, 84, 142, 142, 193, 315, 343, 407, 433, 488, 560, 593, 760, 784, 955, 1029, 1028]} |
37uewgm5ht8lc57joghynrpfzd5r1y | CHAPTER XIV.
WATER-PARTY
Every year Mr Crich gave a more or less public water-party on the lake. There was a little pleasure-launch on Willey Water and several rowing boats, and guests could take tea either in the marquee that was set up in the grounds of the house, or they could picnic in the shade of the great walnut tree at the boat-house by the lake. This year the staff of the Grammar-School was invited, along with the chief officials of the firm. Gerald and the younger Criches did not care for this party, but it had become customary now, and it pleased the father, as being the only occasion when he could gather some people of the district together in festivity with him. For he loved to give pleasures to his dependents and to those poorer than himself. But his children preferred the company of their own equals in wealth. They hated their inferiors' humility or gratitude or awkwardness.
Nevertheless they were willing to attend at this festival, as they had done almost since they were children, the more so, as they all felt a little guilty now, and unwilling to thwart their father any more, since he was so ill in health. Therefore, quite cheerfully Laura prepared to take her mother's place as hostess, and Gerald assumed responsibility for the amusements on the water.
Birkin had written to Ursula saying he expected to see her at the party, and Gudrun, although she scorned the patronage of the Criches, would nevertheless accompany her mother and father if the weather were fine. | ["who was invited to Mr Crich's party this year?", 'would his children be attending as well?', 'who else was invited?', 'was Mr Crich in good health?', 'did the children really want to attend?', "what didn't they like?", 'who would be the hostess?', 'and what was Gerald responsible for?', 'how often would this party take place?', 'where?', 'where could guests choose to picnic?', 'who did the children prefer the company of?', 'who did Birken write to?', 'what was he expecting?', 'who else would be there?', 'would there be tea at the party?', 'is there a boat house on the property?', 'where could guests drink tea?', 'where is that?', 'what did Mr. Crich love?'] | {'answers': ['the staff of the Grammar-School', 'Yes', 'the chief officials of the firm', 'No', 'No', "their inferiors' humility", 'Laura', 'the amusements on the water.', 'Every year', 'on the lake', 'in the shade of the great walnut tree', 'their own equals in wealth.', 'Ursula', 'to see her at the party,', 'Gudrun', 'Yes', 'Yes', 'in the marquee', 'in the grounds of the house,', 'to give pleasures to his dependents'], 'answers_start': [358, 909, 375, 1114, 471, 841, 1175, 1233, 29, 39, 279, 772, 1298, 1327, 1369, 196, 308, 196, 226, 687], 'answers_end': [414, 967, 458, 1145, 518, 908, 1227, 1296, 99, 99, 329, 841, 1326, 1370, 1510, 226, 360, 225, 271, 736]} |
36u2a8vag1zwf75ralfa02ebba8kys | CHAPTER XIX. VICTOR FROM VANQUISHED ISSUES
Now that everything was settled Eric wished to give up teaching and go back to his own place. True, he had "signed papers" to teach the school for a year; but he knew that the trustees would let him off if he procured a suitable substitute. He resolved to teach until the fall vacation, which came in October, and then go. Kilmeny had promised that their marriage should take place in the following spring. Eric had pleaded for an earlier date, but Kilmeny was sweetly resolute, and Thomas and Janet agreed with her.
"There are so many things that I must learn yet before I shall be ready to be married," Kilmeny had said. "And I want to get accustomed to seeing people. I feel a little frightened yet whenever I see any one I don't know, although I don't think I show it. I am going to church with Uncle and Aunt after this, and to the Missionary Society meetings. And Uncle Thomas says that he will send me to a boarding school in town this winter if you think it advisable."
Eric vetoed this promptly. The idea of Kilmeny in a boarding school was something that could not be thought about without laughter.
"I can't see why she can't learn all she needs to learn after she is married to me, just as well as before," he grumbled to her uncle and aunt.
"But we want to keep her with us for another winter yet," explained Thomas Gordon patiently. "We are going to miss her terrible when she does go, Master. She has never been away from us for a day--she is all the brightness there is in our lives. It is very kind of you to say that she can come home whenever she likes, but there will be a great difference. She will belong to your world and not to ours. That is for the best--and we wouldn't have it otherwise. But let us keep her as our own for this one winter yet." | ['Who wants to be wed?', 'With whom?', 'Who is in more of a hurry?', 'Has anyone else weighed in on this?', 'Who?', 'Who do they side with?', 'Are they related to her?', 'How so?', 'Do they see her often?', 'How much longer do they wish things to stay the same?', "What is the groom-to-be's job?", 'Is he greatly committed to it?', 'When does he want to stop?', 'Is he under contract?', 'What does he have to do to get out of it?', 'Is the bride-to-be a social butterfly?', 'How does she react to strangers?', 'Where is she going with her relatives?', 'Where are they thinking of sending her?', 'Does the groom-to-be take this seriously?'] | {'answers': ['Eric', 'Kilmeny', 'Eric', 'Yes', 'Thomas and Janet', 'With Kilmeny', 'Yes', 'Uncle and aunt', 'Yes', 'For this winter', "He's a teacher", 'No', 'In October', 'Yes', 'Procure a substitute', 'No', "She's a little frightened", 'To church', 'Boarding school', 'No'], 'answers_start': [367, 368, 451, 494, 494, 494, 819, 818, 1461, 1768, 45, 45, 286, 139, 199, 717, 716, 819, 912, 1027], 'answers_end': [562, 562, 562, 563, 563, 562, 1026, 1025, 1552, 1823, 139, 138, 367, 198, 286, 818, 785, 911, 1026, 1159]} |
3rxcac0yirpcyfiq7qw13xygba58g8 | CHAPTER LII
ON THE TRAIL AGAIN
The most massive minds are apt to forget things at times. The most adroit plotters make their little mistakes. Psmith was no exception to the rule. He made the mistake of not telling Mike of the afternoon's happenings.
It was not altogether forgetfulness. Psmith was one of those people who like to carry through their operations entirely by themselves. Where there is only one in a secret the secret is more liable to remain unrevealed. There was nothing, he thought, to be gained from telling Mike. He forgot what the consequences might be if he did not.
So Psmith kept his own counsel, with the result that Mike went over to school on the Monday morning in pumps.
Edmund, summoned from the hinterland of the house to give his opinion why only one of Mike's boots was to be found, had no views on the subject. He seemed to look on it as one of those things which no fellow can understand.
"'Ere's one of 'em, Mr. Jackson," he said, as if he hoped that Mike might be satisfied with a compromise.
"One? What's the good of that, Edmund, you chump? I can't go over to school in one boot."
Edmund turned this over in his mind, and then said, "No, sir," as much as to say, "I may have lost a boot, but, thank goodness, I can still understand sound reasoning."
"Well, what am I to do? Where is the other boot?"
"Don't know, Mr. Jackson," replied Edmund to both questions. | ['Will this be on a trail again?', 'What chapter?', 'Did Psmith like to keep his own counsel?', "Who found one of Mike's boots?", 'Where had he been summonsed from?', 'Was his opinion sought?', 'What was his view on the subject?', 'Did he think this to be a thing a fellow could understand?', 'What did Mike wear to school as a result?', 'What day did Mike wear pumps to school?', 'Does Edmund still have sound reasoning?', 'Does he know what Mike should do?', 'What about where his other boot is?', 'Are even big minds likely to sometimes forget stuff?', 'What do even the best plotters sometimes make?', 'Was Psmith an exception to that?', 'What had Psmith forgotten to tell Mike?', 'Did he think that had been anything to gain from telling Mike?', 'What did he forget there would be if he did not?', 'Is Psmith someone who has other people help him a lot, or does he do a lot on his own?'] | {'answers': ['yes', 'LII', 'yes', 'Edmund', 'the hinterland of the house', 'yes', 'he had no views on the subject.', 'no', 'unknown', 'Monday', 'yes', 'no', 'no', 'yes', 'little mistakes.', 'no', "the afternoon's happenings.", 'no', 'what the consequences might be', 'by himself'], 'answers_start': [14, 0, 596, 708, 708, 708, 708, 852, -1, 649, 1134, 1357, 1305, 35, 92, 146, 183, 475, 537, 292], 'answers_end': [33, 12, 626, 823, 757, 823, 852, 933, -1, 706, 1300, 1417, 1417, 91, 145, 182, 254, 536, 594, 389]} |
3ngi5arftt500sr4bod9iwp0yyep17 | (CNN) -- My Fellow South Africans,
Our beloved Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, the founding President of our democratic nation has departed.
He passed on peacefully in the company of his family around 20h50 on the 5th of December 2013.
He is now resting. He is now at peace.
Our nation has lost its greatest son. Our people have lost a father.
Although we knew that this day would come, nothing can diminish our sense of a profound and enduring loss.
His tireless struggle for freedom earned him the respect of the world.
His humility, his compassion, and his humanity earned him their love. Our thoughts and prayers are with the Mandela family. To them we owe a debt of gratitude.
They have sacrificed much and endured much so that our people could be free.
Our thoughts are with his wife Mrs. Graca Machel, his former wife Ms. Winnie Madikizela-Mandela, with his children, his grand-children, his great grand-children and the entire family.
Our thoughts are with his friends, comrades and colleagues who fought alongside Madiba over the course of a lifetime of struggle.
Our thoughts are with the South African people who today mourn the loss of the one person who, more than any other, came to embody their sense of a common nationhood.
Our thoughts are with the millions of people across the world who embraced Madiba as their own, and who saw his cause as their cause.
This is the moment of our deepest sorrow.
Our nation has lost its greatest son. | ['Who is being honored?', 'What happened to cause this?', 'Violently?', 'When did it happen?', 'What time?', 'Were there others with him?', 'What part of the world is this in?', 'Did he affect the whole planet?', 'How many folks on the planet feel bad about this?', 'Was he single?', 'Who was he married to?', 'Was she his first?', 'Who else then?', 'Were his kids barren?', 'Was he a socialist?', 'What month did he pass?', 'Do they believe he is a restless spirit?', "What is he equated to in relation to the country's folks?", 'What can ease their ongoing pain?', 'Was he cocky, uncaring and inhumane?'] | {'answers': ['Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela', 'He passed on', 'no', '2013', '20h50', 'yes', 'South Africa', 'yes', 'millions', 'no', 'Mrs. Graca Machel', 'no', 'his former wife', 'unknown', 'no...', 'December', 'no', 'a father.', 'nothing', 'no'], 'answers_start': [49, 140, 153, 229, 200, 163, 19, 503, 1284, 789, 803, 822, 822, -1, 37, 220, 237, 337, 392, 531], 'answers_end': [74, 152, 163, 233, 205, 193, 32, 528, 1294, 802, 820, 837, 837, -1, 138, 228, 276, 346, 400, 599]} |
3vfjci1k4zzigkxm6z21uetl10wrg2 | Washington (CNN) -- Leading American Muslims on Wednesday strongly criticized this week's planned congressional hearing into the alleged radicalization of members of their community, calling it an unfair attack on loyal citizens and a dangerous break from the traditional U.S. embrace of tolerance and pluralism.
Rep. Peter King, the chairman of the House Homeland Security Committee, has said Thursday's hearing is necessary to explore the extent to which al Qaeda is trying to influence and indoctrinate U.S. Muslims, among other things. But his plans have created an uproar, with critics accusing Republican leaders of bigotry and comparing the hearings to Sen. Joseph McCarthy's allegations of Communist infiltration in the early years of the Cold War.
American Muslim leaders have also taken issue with King's assertion that they haven't sufficiently cooperated with law enforcement officials, and dismissed his claim that the overwhelming majority of mosques are run by extremist imams. Such claims are "demonstrably false," said Nihad Awad, executive director of the Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR).
"Except for a tiny minority," extremists have found "no fertile ground in America," he said. He said King is engaged in "fear-mongering," and called the New York Republican "unfit" to head the Homeland Security Committee.
"We are not in denial as a community that something is going on, that there are bad actors in every community," said Imam Johari Abdul-Malik, a member of the Council of Muslim Organizations. King is "onto something, but he is going in the wrong direction."
And Attorney General Eric Holder weighed in as well, disputing King's premise that Islamic leaders haven't done enough to help police during a news conference Wednesday afternoon. | ["Who condemned this week's planned congressional hearing?", 'Why?', 'Anything else?', 'Who is the chairman of the House Homeland Security Committee?', "Are American Muslims in agreement with King's views?", 'What does King believe is happening?', 'Who is accusing Republican leaders of bigotry?', "Who do they think Rep. King's hearings are similar to?", 'What did he believe?', "When was McCarthy's situation relevant?", "Is there any truth to Peter's claims of Muslims infiltrating America for wrong doing?", 'How much?', 'Does the Muslim community completely disagree with King?', 'How do they feel?', 'Who does King say is running most of the mosques?', 'Who is Nihad Awad?', 'What does he say of these claims?', "Who else had something to say about King's views?", 'Who is he?', "Does support King's claim about Islamic leaders dropping the ball?"] | {'answers': ['American Muslims', 'It is an unfair attack on loyal citizens', 'a break from US tolerance and pluralism', 'Rep. Peter King', 'No.', 'The al Qaeda is trying to influence U.S. Muslims.', 'Critics', 'Sen. Joseph McCarthy', 'There was Communist infiltration', 'In the early years of the Cold War.', 'Some.', 'A tiny minority.', 'No.', 'He is going in the wrong direction.', 'By extremist imams.', 'Executive director of the Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR).', 'They are "demonstrably false."', 'Eric Holder', 'Attorney General', 'No'], 'answers_start': [20, 183, 184, 315, 761, 430, 580, 636, 661, 661, 1126, 1126, 1541, 1540, 916, 1040, 997, 1609, 1613, 1613], 'answers_end': [120, 313, 313, 385, 828, 520, 632, 682, 722, 759, 1218, 1209, 1607, 1607, 995, 1124, 1050, 1660, 1641, 1728]} |
39loel67os5b4362cbphk3976ug83t | (CNN) -- A former campaign staffer for San Diego Mayor Bob Filner became the second woman to publicly accuse him of sexual harassment, saying Tuesday that the then-congressman patted her "posterior" while at a fundraising event.
Laura Fink, who now runs a political consulting firm, told KPBS-TV that it happened in 2005 when she was working as Filner's deputy campaign manager.
Fink said she didn't go public with the incident at the time because she was trying to build her political career. But she said she now feels emboldened to tell her story after Filner's former spokeswoman, Irene McCormack Jackson, sued him for sexual harassment Monday.
Jackson said Filner subjected her and other women to "crude and disgusting" comments and inappropriate touching. She said she resigned as Filner's communications director in June after deciding the mayor would not change his behavior.
"I had to work and do my job in an atmosphere where women were viewed by Mayor Filner as sexual objects or stupid idiots," Jackson said. She said Filner asked her to work without underwear and made repeated sexual advances toward her.
"He is not fit to be mayor of our great city. He is not fit to hold any public office. A man who lacks character makes a mockery of his ideas," she said.
Fink told KPBS on Tuesday that the incident happened as she was escorting Filner from table to table at a fundraising dinner. At one point, she said, someone at the event told Filner that Fink had "worked her ass off" for him. | ['Who was harassed?', 'by whom?'] | {'answers': ['Laura Fink.', 'Bob Filner'], 'answers_start': [231, 7], 'answers_end': [382, 135]} |
3vw04l3zlt6dz2eo488x7if459uxxh | (CNN)For a group of radical anti-Western militants, ISIS is pretty good at luring Westerners to its ranks.
The latest is an American teen from suburban Chicago who was allegedly on his way to join ISIS. Mohammed Hamzah Khan was stopped just before he was supposed to board a plane to Turkey, authorities said.
But he's far from alone.
Last month, U.S. authorities detailed their case against a New York food store owner accused of funding ISIS and plotting to gun down American troops who had served in Iraq.
And a French man told his mother that he and his half-brother were going on vacation -- only to tell her later that they were fighting in Syria.
"Some of the foreign fighters may not return as terrorists to their respective countries, but all of them will have been exposed to an environment of sustained radicalization and violence with unknowable but worrying consequences," Richard Barrett of The Soufan Group wrote in a report called "Foreign fighters in Syria" this summer.
So what is it about ISIS and its uncanny ability to recruit Westerners? Here are five methods the group employs:
It preys on a recruit's sense of identity
The recruits are often young -- sometimes disillusioned teenagers trying to find purpose and make their mark.
For many, it boils down to a lack of a sense of identity or belonging, Barrett said.
"The general picture provided by foreign fighters of their lives in Syria suggests camaraderie, good morale and purposeful activity, all mixed in with a sense of understated heroism, designed to attract their friends as well as to boost their own self-esteem," he wrote. | ['Where was Mohammed Hamzah Khan going?', 'How was he going to travel', 'What was he planning to do?', 'Is he a youngster?', 'From where?', 'Does he live in the inner city?', 'Which part then?', 'How many ways are known for ISIS to gather recruits?', 'Do they go after older people', 'What group do they try to get?', 'What are they counting on them lacking?', 'What group of people is ISIS against?', 'Do they let them join?', 'Where was a food store owner from that tried to help ISIS?', 'What was he accused of?', 'Was he going to attack anyone?', 'Who', 'Which ones?', 'Is this problem only in the U.S.?', 'What other country has it?'] | {'answers': ['Turkey', 'by plane', 'join ISIS', 'yes', 'Chicago', 'no', 'the suburbs', 'five', 'no', 'disillusioned teenagers', 'a sense of identity or belonging', 'Westerners', 'yes', 'New York', 'funding ISIS', 'yes', 'American Troops', 'who had served in Iraq.', 'no', 'France'], 'answers_start': [205, 238, 166, 120, 122, 123, 123, 1071, 1159, 1191, 1298, 5, 52, 398, 398, 454, 454, 454, 518, 521], 'answers_end': [292, 282, 203, 139, 161, 161, 162, 1111, 1187, 1224, 1340, 56, 105, 425, 450, 491, 515, 515, 661, 660]} |
3vnl7uk1xfjpizejz41ec8urocitfj | CHAPTER L
Mrs Dale Is Thankful for a Good Thing
On that day they dined early at the Small House, as they had been in the habit of doing since the packing had commenced. And after dinner Mrs Dale went through the gardens, up to the other house, with a written note in her hand. In that note she had told Lady Julia, with many protestations of gratitude, that Lily was unable to go out so soon after her illness, and that she herself was obliged to stay with Lily. She explained also, that the business of moving was in hand, and that, therefore, she could not herself accept the invitation. But her other daughter, she said, would be very happy to accompany her uncle to Guestwick Manor. Then, without closing her letter, she took it up to the squire in order that it might be decided whether it would or would not suit his views. It might well be that he would not care to go to Lord De Guest's with Bell alone.
"Leave it with me," he said; "that is, if you do not object."
"Oh dear, no!"
"I'll tell you the plain truth at once, Mary. I shall go over myself with it, and see the earl. Then I will decline it or not, according to what passes between me and him. I wish Lily would have gone."
"Ah! she could not."
"I wish she could. I wish she could. I wish she could." As he repeated the words over and over again, there was an eagerness in his voice that filled Mrs Dale's heart with tenderness towards him. | ['Where did they eat?', 'When did they start doing that?', 'Who delivered a message?', "Who couldn't participate?", 'Why?', 'why else?', 'Also?', 'Who could go?', 'Where are they going?', 'how was the message accepted?', 'Did she like the gentleman?'] | {'answers': ['Small House', 'Since packing had commenced', 'Mrs Dale', 'Lily nor Mrs Dale', 'Lily was unable to go out so soon after her illness', 'and that she herself was obliged to stay with Lily', 'business of moving was in hand', 'other daughter', 'Guestwick Manor.', 'He wished Lily could go', 'yes'], 'answers_start': [52, 52, 173, 281, 362, 415, 467, 595, 594, 1170, 1282], 'answers_end': [99, 173, 280, 466, 413, 465, 592, 689, 691, 1201, 1421]} |
39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxp5aexk | UniProt is a freely accessible database of protein sequence and functional information, many entries being derived from genome sequencing projects. It contains a large amount of information about the biological function of proteins derived from the research literature.
The UniProt consortium comprises the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI), the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), and the Protein Information Resource (PIR). EBI, located at the Wellcome Trust Genome Campus in Hinxton, UK, hosts a large resource of bioinformatics databases and services. SIB, located in Geneva, Switzerland, maintains the ExPASy (Expert Protein Analysis System) servers that are a central resource for proteomics tools and databases. PIR, hosted by the National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF) at the Georgetown University Medical Center in Washington, DC, USA, is heir to the oldest protein sequence database, Margaret Dayhoff's Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure, first published in 1965. In 2002, EBI, SIB, and PIR joined forces as the UniProt consortium.
Each consortium member is heavily involved in protein database maintenance and annotation. Until recently, EBI and SIB together produced the Swiss-Prot and TrEMBL databases, while PIR produced the Protein Sequence Database (PIR-PSD). These databases coexisted with differing protein sequence coverage and annotation priorities.
Swiss-Prot was created in 1986 by Amos Bairoch during his PhD and developed by the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and subsequently developed by Rolf Apweiler at the European Bioinformatics Institute. Swiss-Prot aimed to provide reliable protein sequences associated with a high level of annotation (such as the description of the function of a protein, its domain structure, post-translational modifications, variants, etc.), a minimal level of redundancy and high level of integration with other databases. Recognizing that sequence data were being generated at a pace exceeding Swiss-Prot's ability to keep up, TrEMBL (Translated EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Data Library) was created to provide automated annotations for those proteins not in Swiss-Prot. Meanwhile, PIR maintained the PIR-PSD and related databases, including iProClass, a database of protein sequences and curated families. | ['When was Swiss-Prot developed?', 'By whom?', 'Was he working on a dissertation at the time?', 'Was he working on his PhD?', 'Which entity helped Amos in the development?', 'Did someone later work on its development?', 'Who?', 'And his entity?', 'What is the use of UniProt?', 'What is the NBRF?', 'From which institution?'] | {'answers': ['1986', 'Amos Bairoch', 'unknown', 'Yes', 'Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics', 'Yes', 'Rolf Apweiler', 'European Bioinformatics Institute', 'database of protein sequence and functional information', 'National Biomedical Research Foundation', 'Georgetown University Medical Center'], 'answers_start': [1400, 1400, -1, 1434, 1400, 1400, 1400, 1547, 0, 746, 791], 'answers_end': [1430, 1446, -1, 1461, 1516, 1560, 1560, 1601, 86, 797, 855]} |
3ojsz2atdswai4ongpl4l0bwacl75s | True Manliness
"Please, mother, do sit down and let me try my hand,"said Fred Liscom, a bright active boy, twelve years old. Mrs. Liscom, looking pale and worn, was moving languidly about, trying to clear away the breakfast she had scarcely tasted.
She smiled and said, "You, Fred, you wash dishes?"
"Yes, indeed, mother," answered Fred. "I should be a poor scholar if I couldn't, when I've seen you do it so many times. Just try me."
A look of relief came over his mother's face as she seated herself in her low rocking chair. Fred washed the dishes and put them in the closet. He swept the kitchen, brought up the potatoes from the cellar for the dinner and washed them, and then set out for school.
Fred's father was away from home and as there was some cold meat in the pantry , Mrs. Liscom found it an easy task to prepare dinner. Fred hurried home from school, set the table, and again washed the dishes.
He kept on in this way for two or three days, until his mother was able to resume her usual work. He felt amply rewarded when the doctor, who happened in one day, said, "Well, madam, it's my opinion that you would have been very sick if you had not kept quiet."
The doctor did not know how the "quiet" had been secured, nor how the boy's heart bounded at his words. Fred had given up a great deal of what boys hold dear, for the purpose of helping his mother, coasting and skating being just at this time in perfection.
Besides this, his temper and his patience had been severely tried. He had been in the habit of going early to school and staying to play after it was dismissed.
The boys missed him and their curiosity was excited when he would give no other reason for not coming to school earlier, or staying after school, than that he was "Wanted at home."
"I'll tell you," said Tom Barton, "I'll find him out, boys-see if I don't!"
So, one morning on his way to school, he called on Fred. As he went around to the side door, he walked lightly and somewhat nearer the kitchen window than was ly needful. Looking in, he saw Fred standing at the table with a dishcloth in his hand.
Of course he reported this at school, and various were the greetings poor Fred received at recess ."Well, you're a brave one to stay at home washing dishes!""Girl boy!" "Pretty Bessie!""Lost your apron, haven't you, Polly!"
Fred was not wanting either in spirit or in courage, and he was strongly tempted to resent these insults and to fight some of his tormentors . But his consciousness of right and his love for his mother helped him.
While he was struggling for self-mastery, his teacher appeared at the door of the schoolhouse. Fred caught his eye, and it seemed to look, if it did not say, "Don't give up! Be really brave!" He knew the teacher had heard the insulting taunts of his thoughtless schoolmates.
The boys received notice during the day that Fred must not be taunted in any manner. They knew that the teacher meant what he said; and so the brave little boy had no further trouble. | ['What chores did Fred co for his mother?', 'Anything else?', 'How many days did he do the chores?', 'What effect did it have on his mom?', 'Did this make Fred happy?', 'Who found out what Fred was doing at home?', '?', 'What did the other boys say when Tom Barton told them what Fred was doing?', 'What else?', "'anything else?", 'What reason did Tom give fohis absence?'] | {'answers': ['washed dishes', 'set the table', 'two or three days', 'she felt rested', 'yes', 'Tom Barton', 'unknown', 'Girl Boy', 'Pretty Bessie', "Lost your apron, haven't you, Polly", 'unknown'], 'answers_start': [274, 846, 923, 975, 1254, 1793, -1, 2177, 2175, 2174, -1], 'answers_end': [301, 921, 967, 1019, 1289, 1867, -1, 2344, 2344, 2345, -1]} |
3r8yzbnq9hizbq7l0h97jb6n51m7q4 | John is six years old. He can read and write well. But he can't tell the time. He says "breakfast time", "lunchtime", and "teatime" when it is eight o'clock, twelve o'clock and four o'clock in the afternoon. His mother doesn't know how to help him. One day John's aunt, Mary, comes to see his mother. His mother tells her about that. "Let me help you. I think I can help him." When John gets home after school, Mary starts to teach him. "Can you _ , John?" she asks him. "Yes. One, two, three, four..." John says. "That's great. Now I put the longhand on twelve and the shorthand on one - that is one o'clock. I put the short hand on two, what is the time?" "Two o'clock." "Good. And on three?" "Three o'clock." It is then four o'clock in the afternoon, and John's aunt asks him, "What time is it now, John?" "Teatime, Aunt." John looks at the clock and answers. | ['What can John do well?', 'and how about not well?', 'What is at 8?', 'how about 12?', 'How come his mother didnt help him?', 'did anyone?', 'Who was that?', 'When did she start?', 'from where?', 'What did she ask him to do?', 'What did he do after she asked hom?', 'up to?', 'Was MAry happy about this?', 'Where did she put the longhand?', 'and the short one?', 'After that?', 'and then?', 'What did she ask him?', 'what did he say?', 'How did he know?'] | {'answers': ['Read and write', 'Tell the time', 'Teatime', 'Lunchtime', "She doesn't know how", 'Mary starts to teach him', "John's aunt", 'When he gets home', 'School', 'unknown', 'Counts', 'Four', 'Yes', 'on twelve', 'on one', 'On two', 'on three', '"What time is it now, John?"', '"Teatime, Aunt."', 'The clock'], 'answers_start': [23, 55, 123, 106, 207, 411, 257, 377, 377, -1, 471, 470, 515, 552, 580, 630, 684, 779, 809, 826], 'answers_end': [49, 77, 156, 115, 247, 435, 274, 409, 409, -1, 502, 502, 528, 561, 586, 637, 692, 808, 825, 849]} |
3lrkmwokb5h13hb6h1bped1j00i2zz | Warner Bros. Records Inc. is an American major record label established in 1958 as the foundation label of the present-day Warner Music Group (WMG), and now operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of that corporation. Warner Bros. Records was established on March 19, 1958, as the recorded-music division of the American film studio Warner Bros.. For most of its early existence it was one of a group of labels owned and operated by larger parent corporations. The sequence of companies that controlled Warner Bros. and its allied labels evolved through a convoluted series of corporate mergers and acquisitions from the early 1960s to the early 2000s. Over this period, Warner Bros. Records grew from a struggling minor player in the music industry to become one of the top recording labels in the world.
In 2003, these music assets were divested by their then owner Time Warner and purchased by a private equity group. This independent company traded as the Warner Music Group before being bought by Access Industries in 2011. WMG is the smallest of the three major international music conglomerates and the world's last publicly traded major music company. Cameron Strang serves as CEO of the company.
Artists currently signed to Warner Bros. Records include Sleeping with Sirens, Cher, Kylie Minogue, Kimbra, the Goo Goo Dolls, Sheryl Crow, Ciara, Gorillaz, Adam Lambert, Bette Midler, Blur, Duran Duran, Fleet Foxes, Jason Derulo, Kid Rock, Lily Allen, Linkin Park, Muse, Nile Rodgers, the Red Hot Chili Peppers, the Black Keys, My Chemical Romance and Regina Spektor. | ['Does this company sign artists?', 'What is the company called?', 'When was it started?', 'Is it called something different now?', 'Who is someone they signed?', 'Anyone else?', 'Was it autonomous at first?', 'Who long did it shift around?', 'Did it start big and then get small?', 'Who had them in 2003?', 'After that?', 'What happened in 2011?', 'How many huge musical businesses are there?', 'Are they the biggest?', 'Are they all on the public market?', 'Who runs it?', 'Do they only sign women?', 'What male example is there?', 'Do they have less than 5 people right now?', 'Do they make films?'] | {'answers': ['yes', 'Warner Bros. Records Inc.', '1958', 'WMG', 'Sleeping with Sirens', 'Cher', 'no', 'from the early 1960s to the early 2000s.', 'no', 'Time Warner', 'A private equity group.', 'It was bought by Access Industries.', 'Three', 'yes', 'no', 'Cameron Strang', 'no', 'Adam Lambert', 'no', 'no'], 'answers_start': [1207, 0, 60, 123, 1207, 1207, 80, 565, 669, 809, 884, 992, 1052, 1052, 1106, 1160, 1438, 1364, 1264, 275], 'answers_end': [1246, 25, 79, 146, 1284, 1290, 141, 650, 789, 919, 920, 1027, 1101, 1101, 1158, 1204, 1446, 1376, 1345, 302]} |
3dh6gaktyypr424damiknh2of9iyz5 | James Arruda Henry, a 98-year-old retired lobsterman, has written and published his first book, "In a Fisherman's Language", after learning to read at the incredible age of 91. Mr. Henry spent most of his life without even his closest family members knowing he was illiterate .Forced to quit school in the third grade to take some jobs, he kept the secret close to his chest - only telling to his late wife. A family problem in his 90s sparked his encourage to restart his education."He signed a document he could not read," Mr Henry's granddaughter said. And then, after hearing about George Dawson, a son of slaves who learned to read at the age of 98 and went on to write a book of his own, entitled "Life Is So Good" at the age of 101, Mr. Henry took up reading. "If he can do it.I'm going to try," Mr. Henry said.Starting with his name, he eventually moved on to ABC's and children's books. He put them down for four years after the tragic loss of his wife. But eventually he went back to reading and with the help of his tutor began to record his life. He wrote about his family's voyage from Portugal to the U.S. his many journeys at sea and how he was unable to save another fisherman who had fallen overboard. He became a carpenter and even a professional boxer - and eventually built his own home in Stonington Borough. His life stories have become so popular, in fact, nearly 800 copies were sold in the first two weeks of the book's release last month.One thousand more have since been printed as requests for the book flood in from as far as Germany.And now even Hollywood producers have approached Mr. Henry about optioning the rights to his life story for a big screen adaptation. | ['How old is Mr. Henry?', 'Could he read most of his life?', 'Is he and author?', 'What is the title of his piece?', 'What else does he do?', 'When did he learn literacy?', 'Why did he decide to learn?', 'Was he well educated?', 'What was his first successful term?', 'Then what?', 'Did he break during his progress?', 'Why?', 'Did he have a teacher?', 'Where are his ancestors from?', 'Who did he rescue?', 'What were some of his employment titles?', 'Who constructed his residence?', 'How many pieces of work were bought upon the initial sales?', 'has he been contacted about his work?'] | {'answers': ['98', 'No', 'yes', "In a Fisherman's Language", 'retired lobsterman', 'age of 91', 'family problem in his 90s', 'No.', 'his name', "ABC's and children's books", 'Yes', 'tragic loss of his wife', 'yes', 'Portugal', 'another fisherman', 'carpenter and even a professional boxer', 'himself', '800 copies', 'yes'], 'answers_start': [22, 258, 54, 97, 34, 166, 410, 277, 832, 868, 896, 938, 1023, 1099, 1175, 1231, 1276, 1387, 1576], 'answers_end': [24, 275, 94, 122, 52, 175, 435, 317, 840, 894, 961, 961, 1032, 1107, 1192, 1270, 1328, 1397, 1621]} |
3018q3zvoiqh6tkjkzarysii2vlra7 | London police are well known in the world. Today there are policemen everywhere, but in 1700 there was no policeman in London at all. A few old men used to protect the city streets at night, and they were not paid very much. About 300 years ago, London started to get bigger. The city was very dirty and many people were poor. There were so many thieves who stole money in the streets that people had to stay in their homes as much as possible. In 1750, Henry Fielding started to pay a group of people to stop thieves. They were like policemen and were called "Bow Street Runners" because they worked near Bow Street. Fifty years later, there were 120 Bow Street Runners, but London had become very big and needed more policemen. So, in 1829, the first London Police Force was started with 3,000 officers. Most of the men worked on foot, but a few rode horses. There was no policewoman in London until 1920. Today, London police are quite well paid and only a few police officers still ride horses. Perhaps the London Police Force's greatest achievement is to meet changing conditions and provide excellent police service . The two main reasons for the Force's development were the growth of population and the progress of science and technology. | ['When did London start to get bigger?', 'Were most people rich?', 'Was there a lot of crime in the streets?', 'what did people have to do because of that?', 'Did someone want to stop the crime?', 'who?', 'What did he do?', 'what were they called?', 'when did the real police force start?', 'with how many men?', 'Did they all work by walking around?', 'were females on the force back then?', 'when did females join?', 'do officers still ride horses?', 'How many Bow Street Runners were there after 50 years?', 'was that enough men to keep London safe?', 'Are London police well known?', 'what is their greatest achievement?', 'what is one main reason the force developed?', 'and another?'] | {'answers': ['300 years ago', 'Many people were poor.', 'Yes', 'Stay home.', 'Yes', 'Henry Fielding', 'He started to pay a group of people to stop thieves.', 'Bow Street Runners', 'In 1829', '3,000', 'A few rode horses', 'No', '1920', 'Only a few.', '120', 'No', 'unknown', 'To meet changing conditions and provide excellent police service,', 'Growth of population', 'The progress of science and technology'], 'answers_start': [231, 304, 327, 403, 454, 454, 469, 547, 733, 790, 842, 861, 901, 953, 618, 707, -1, 1032, 1131, 1206], 'answers_end': [244, 325, 384, 443, 517, 468, 517, 580, 784, 804, 859, 906, 906, 997, 670, 728, -1, 1121, 1202, 1245]} |
35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b51i3zk | Ever thought of moving to a new country? How about starting a new country? Patri Friedman is planning to do just that. He left Google years ago to set up the Seasteading Institute. And his dream is to build seasteads-----floating micro-nations in the middle of the ocean. So, what will life on a seastead be like? Probably a bit like life on a cruise liner , but much larger, with shops, gyms, swimming pools, schools and other areas. In fact, the early seasteads may actually be specially-rebuilt cruise liners. But as science advances, Friedman believes they'll become more like floating cities, with several hundred people. Seasteading raises a lot of questions. First of all, how will the new countries make money? The Seasteading Institute has suggested several money-making ideas, including ocean-based theme parks, casinos and fish farming. There's also the questions of safety. With storms, typhoons and pirates , the high seas are a dangerous place. However, the Institute says that it can stand bad weather and prevent crimes with its well-designed systems. So, is this just a day dream? Well, maybe not. One of the people behind the project is Peter Thiel. He founded PayPal and was one of the first investors in Facebook. So far, he's donated $ 500,000 to the project. And Friedman isn't wasting any time. He recently announced the creation of the Poseidon Award. This will be given to the first seastead with fifty people. Friedman is hoping to hand out the award in 2015. | ['Where did Patri used to work?', 'Why?', 'What is his dream?', 'what is that?', 'where will they be?', 'What are some suggestions for them to make money', 'Who is backing this project?', 'What is he known for?', 'Did he make any investments?', 'In what?', 'What else?', 'how much?', 'How many people will live on a seastead', 'What kind of things will they have?', 'who suggested the ways for them to make money?', 'What would be threat to them?', 'Who created the Poseidon Award?', 'What is it for?'] | {'answers': ['Google', 'to start the Seasteading Institute', 'to build seasteads', 'floating micro-nations', 'in the middle of the ocean.', 'ocean-based theme parks, casinos and fish farming.', 'Peter Thiel', 'Paypal', 'yes', 'Facebook', 'The Seasteading Institute', '$ 500,000', 'several hundred people.', 'schools, shops, gyms. and swimming pools', 'The Seasteading Institute', 'storms, typhoons and pirates', 'Peter Thiel', 'the first seastead with fifty people'], 'answers_start': [75, 118, 180, 221, 221, 719, 1114, 1168, 1168, 1168, 1168, 1234, 538, 314, 719, 886, 1317, 1318], 'answers_end': [180, 180, 216, 243, 271, 848, 1167, 1233, 1232, 1232, 1280, 1281, 626, 434, 785, 958, 1376, 1435]} |
3zqig0flqeg66d43uobthe4cfkhvwv | One day an American called Simon went to London to visit his friend, Rick. Rick told him that his flat was on the first floor. When he arrived, Simon went straight to the first floor of the building. But he was told that there was no Rick on that floor. Do you know why? In fact, the British call the first floor of a building the ground floor. The floor above the ground floor is the first floor, while Americans would call it the second floor. The story shows that there are a few culture differences between Britain and America, though the British and Americans both speak English. The British usually hide their feelings. They seldom start a conversation with strangers. For example, on the train the British often spend their time reading newspapers or books. But Americans are quite different. They're more active and easier to talk with. The British and Americans may use different _ for many things. The British usually use "football", "eraser" and "mail" while Americans prefer to use "soccer", "rubber" and "post". | ['Who went to London?', 'Why?', 'What is the first floor called in London?', 'What type of differences are there between the UK and the USA?', 'Do the Brits express emotions freely?', "Do they speak to people they don't know?", 'What do Brits do on their commutes?', 'what do they read?', 'What is football called in the UK?', 'What is an eraser called in the US?', 'What is an eraser called in the UK?', "What is Simon's friend's name?"] | {'answers': ['Simon', 'to visit his friend', 'the ground floor', 'culture', 'no', 'seldom', 'reading', 'newspapers or books', 'football', 'rubber', 'eraser', 'Rick'], 'answers_start': [27, 48, 326, 483, 604, 626, 736, 744, 933, 1005, 945, 69], 'answers_end': [32, 67, 343, 502, 624, 673, 763, 763, 941, 1011, 951, 73]} |
33iztu6j81153lspay2a8aycqucsxo | Macedonia or Macedon was an ancient kingdom on the periphery of Archaic and Classical Greece, and later the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece. The kingdom was founded and initially ruled by the royal Argead dynasty, which was followed by the Antipatrid and Antigonid dynasties. Home to the ancient Macedonians, the earliest kingdom was centered on the northeastern part of the Greek peninsula, and bordered by Epirus to the west, Paeonia to the north, Thrace to the east and Thessaly to the south.
Before the 4th century BC, Macedonia was a small kingdom outside of the area dominated by the great city-states of Athens, Sparta, and Thebes, and briefly subordinate to Achaemenid Persia. During the reign of the Argead king PhilipII (359–336 BC), Macedonia subdued mainland Greece and Thrace through conquest and diplomacy. With a reformed army containing phalanxes wielding the "sarissa" pike, PhilipII defeated the old powers of Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea in 338BC; Sparta was occupied a century later by Antigonus III Doson. PhilipII's son Alexander the Great, leading a federation of Greek states, accomplished his father's objective of commanding the whole of Greece when he destroyed Thebes after the city revolted. During Alexander's subsequent campaign of conquest, he overthrew the Achaemenid Empire and conquered territory that stretched as far as the Indus River. For a brief period, his Macedonian empire was the most powerful in the worldthe definitive Hellenistic state, inaugurating the transition to a new period of Ancient Greek civilization. Greek arts and literature flourished in the new conquered lands and advances in philosophy, engineering, and science spread throughout much of the ancient world. Of particular importance were the contributions of Aristotle, tutor to Alexander, whose writings became a keystone of Western philosophy. | ['what was the anicent kingdom', 'Was it in Greece?', 'Who borders this area?', 'who dominated this area?', 'what about when PhilipII was king?', 'what did Alexander the Great lead?', 'did it have any significant in Anicent Greek?', 'What does Aristotle have to do with Alexander?', 'for what?', 'who overthrew the Achaemendid empire?'] | {'answers': ['Macedonia or Macedon', 'Yes', 'Epirus and Paeonia', 'great city-states of Athens, Sparta, and Thebes,', 'Macedonia subdued mainland Greece and Thrace', 'a federation of Greek states', 'it inaugurated the transition to a new period of Ancient Greek civilization.', 'He was his tutor', 'Western philosophy.', 'Alexander'], 'answers_start': [0, 44, 413, 597, 751, 1094, 1506, 1795, 1862, 1250], 'answers_end': [20, 60, 453, 645, 795, 1122, 1581, 1881, 1881, 1260]} |
3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7zw8m1 | The Australian National University (ANU) is a national research university located in Canberra, the capital of Australia. Its main campus in Acton encompasses seven teaching and research colleges, in addition to several national academies and institutes.
Founded in 1946, it is the only university to have been created by the Parliament of Australia. Originally a postgraduate research university, ANU commenced undergraduate teaching in 1960 when it integrated the Canberra University College, which had been established in 1929 as a campus of the University of Melbourne. ANU enrolls 10,052 undergraduate and 10,840 postgraduate students and employs 3,753 staff. The university's endowment stood at A$1.13 billion in 2012.
ANU is ranked 1st in Australia & the whole of Oceania, and 20th in the world by the 2018 QS World University Rankings, and 47th in the world (second in Australia) by the 2016/17 "Times Higher Education." ANU was named the world's 7th (first in Australia) most international university in a 2017 study by "Times Higher Education". In the 2016 "Times Higher Education" Global Employability University Ranking, an annual ranking of university graduates' employability, ANU was ranked 22nd in the world (first in Australia). ANU is ranked 100th (first in Australia) in the CWTS Leiden ranking. | ['when was it founded?', 'where is it located?', 'how many undergraduates does it have?', 'how many does it employ?', 'when was it named 7th in the world?', 'who conducted the study?', 'how many postgraduates does it take?', 'what is the capital of Australia?', 'how may teaching and research colleges does it have?', 'where?', 'where is this?', 'what is it ranked in the whole of Oceania?', 'is this the same in Australia?', 'was it started by a single individual?', 'then who?', 'who did it merge with?', 'when was that founded?', 'what does CWTS Leiden rank it as?', 'what was Canberra University a campus of?', "how much is it's endowment?"] | {'answers': ['1946', 'Canberra', '10,052', '3,753', '2017', 'Times Higher Education', '10,840', 'Canberra', 'seven', "in it's main campus", 'Acton', '1st', 'yes', 'no', 'the Parliament of Australia.', 'Canberra University College,', '1929', '100th (first in Australia)', 'University of Melbourne', 'A$1.13 billion'], 'answers_start': [268, 86, 588, 654, 1018, 1034, 613, 86, 158, 122, 141, 743, 743, 320, 324, 468, 527, 1264, 551, 703], 'answers_end': [272, 94, 594, 659, 1023, 1056, 619, 94, 164, 137, 146, 746, 759, 352, 352, 496, 531, 1290, 574, 717]} |
3m1cvsfp605hus5j7klrt28d69iaqo | Ou Pingqin was a teacher in a special school (for deaf and mute students) of Yangxin in Huangshi, who has recently been considered the Most Beautiful Teacher in China. After graduating from a college, she went to this school alone and worked there for nearly twenty years. The headmaster of the school said, "She worked hard and taught well. She was a _ teacher in our school. She was also the most welcome teacher among the students. For students, she was like a mother. They called her Little Mother." One day,when she was talking with her students in the dormitory. It looked as if something heavy would fall off. It was dangerous. At that time, without any hesitation ,she pushed two students away, but she was hit heavily. However,she continued working with great pain later. One of her officemates said, "Ou Pinggin was not only a teacher but also a mother to her students in her class. She cared about their studies and even their life. She was very strict in her work." A student's parent said, "She was very warm-hearted. My son lost his father who supported the family. Every month,the teacher gave him 100 yuan to buy books from her own income.."She devoted all her life to the teaching and her students, but she didn't marry when she died at the age of 36. Ou Pinqin's deeds have drawn much attention in the country. She was the students' Little Mother, but gave them great love. | ['who is the story about?', 'what was her profession?', 'where did she work?', 'did she have a nickname?', 'what was it?', 'how long did have her job?', 'is she still living?', 'what was her age at death?', 'did she enter into matrimony?', 'was she seen as attractive?', 'how do you know this?'] | {'answers': ['Ou Pingqin', 'teacher', 'in a special school', 'yes', 'Little Mother', 'nearly twenty years', 'no', '36', 'no', 'yes', 'she was considered the Most Beautiful Teacher in China'], 'answers_start': [0, 0, 15, 471, 472, 235, 1237, 1242, 1216, 120, 106], 'answers_end': [10, 24, 73, 502, 501, 271, 1267, 1267, 1236, 166, 166]} |
3ob0cao74hp5dh4j40cdnayjjoiyh6 | Library Journal is an American trade publication for librarians. It was founded in 1876 by Melvil Dewey (familiar as the inventor of the Dewey decimal system). It reports news about the library world, emphasizing public libraries, and offers feature articles about aspects of professional practice. It also reviews library-related materials and equipment.
Its "Library Journal Book Review" does pre-publication reviews of several hundred popular and academic books each month.
"Library Journal" has the highest circulation of any librarianship journal, according to Ulrich's — approximately 100,000.
"Library Journal's" original publisher was Frederick Leypoldt, whose company became R. R. Bowker. Reed International (now Reed Business Information) purchased Bowker in 1985; they published "Library Journal" until 2010, when it was sold to Media Source, owner of the Junior Library Guild and "The Horn Book Magazine".
Founded in 1876 by Melvil Dewey, "Library Journal" originally declared itself to be the "official organ of the library associations of America and of the United Kingdom." Indeed, the journal's original title was "American Library Journal", though "American" was removed from the title after the first year. Its early issues focused on the growth and development of libraries, with feature articles by such prominent authors as R. R. Bowker, Charles Cutter, and Melvil Dewey, and focusing on cataloging, indexing, and lending schemes. In its early issues, Bowker discussed cataloging principles; Cutter, creator of the Cutter Expansive Classification system, developed his ideas; and managing editor Dewey made recommendations for early library circulation systems. Initially, "Library Journal" did not review books unless they related to librarians' professional interests, but then, like now, the journal ran articles on collection development and ads from publishers recommending their forthcoming books for libraries to purchase. | ['Who first published "Library Journals?"', "What's his company now called?", 'And prior to that name, what was it called?', 'When did they stop publishing "Library Journal?"', 'When was it created?', 'By whom?', 'What did he name it at that time?', 'And which of those words did they take out?', 'Who created he Cutter Expansive?', 'What kind of schemes were in the journal?'] | {'answers': ['Frederick Leypoldt', 'Reed Business Information', 'R. R. Bowker. Reed International', '2010', '1876', 'Melvil Dewey', 'American Library Journal', 'American', 'Charles Cutter', 'lending schemes'], 'answers_start': [606, 649, 649, 781, 0, 65, 1105, 1138, 1521, 1443], 'answers_end': [667, 753, 754, 824, 87, 103, 1164, 1195, 1575, 1479]} |
3s06ph7ksr4rbvoe6fmei28bkcb1dz | A pidgin , or pidgin language, is a grammatically simplified means of communication that develops between two or more groups that do not have a language in common: typically, a mixture of simplified languages or a simplified primary language with other languages' elements included. It is most commonly employed in situations such as trade, or where both groups speak languages different from the language of the country in which they reside (but where there is no common language between the groups). Fundamentally, a pidgin is a simplified means of linguistic communication, as it is constructed impromptu, or by convention, between individuals or groups of people. A pidgin is not the native language of any speech community, but is instead learned as a second language. A pidgin may be built from words, sounds, or body language from multiple other languages and cultures. They allow people who have no common language to communicate with each other. Pidgins usually have low prestige with respect to other languages.
Not all simplified or "broken" forms of a language are pidgins. Each pidgin has its own norms of usage which must be learned for proficiency in the pidgin.
A pidgin differs from a creole, which is the first language of a speech community of native speakers, and thus has a fully developed vocabulary and grammar. Most linguists believe that a creole develops through a process of nativization of a pidgin when children of acquired pidgin-speakers learn it and use it as their native language. | ['Can a pidgin be the primary language of a community?', 'What can it be made up of, besides words?', 'Who does it allow to communicate?', 'What is pidgin, very simply put?', 'Does it contain pieces from real languages?', 'What business uses situation can use a pidgin?', 'Do pidgins get much respect?', "Does each pidgin have it's own standards on usage?", 'Can you learn it and become fluent in it?', 'Is a pidgin the same as a creole?', 'What is a creole?', 'Does it have a well established vocabulary?', "And it's own grammar?", 'How do experts believe a creole comes about?', 'Do children learn it as their primary language?', 'Can people who live in the same country, but speak different languages use a pidgin?', 'From this article, would you say waving could be part of a pidgin?', 'Pointing?', 'How about grunting?', 'And lastly, clapping?'] | {'answers': ['no', 'body language', 'people without a common language', 'a language', 'yes', 'trade', 'no', 'yes', 'yes', 'no', 'first language of a community', 'yes', 'yes', 'nativization of a pidgin', 'yes', 'yes', 'yes', 'yes', 'yes', 'yes'], 'answers_start': [667, 772, 876, 0, 163, 282, 955, 1087, 1088, 1182, 1214, 1293, 1293, 1339, 1436, 877, 774, 772, 773, 774], 'answers_end': [727, 875, 938, 29, 282, 339, 1022, 1180, 1180, 1212, 1282, 1337, 1337, 1430, 1517, 953, 832, 833, 833, 832]} |
3i0btbyzaxlu2hyn6s5shiz2x870yz | The House of Bourbon is a European royal house of French origin, a branch of the Capetian dynasty (). Bourbonic kings first ruled France and Navarre in the 16th century. By the 18th century, members of the Spanish Bourbon dynasty held thrones in Spain, Naples, Sicily, and Parma. Spain and Luxembourg currently have monarchs of the House of Bourbon.
The royal Bourbons originated in 1272 when the heiress of the lordship of Bourbon married the youngest son of King Louis IX. The house continued for three centuries as a cadet branch, while more senior Capetians ruled France, until Henry IV became the first Bourbon king of France in 1589. Bourbon monarchs then united to France the small kingdom of Navarre, which Henry's father had acquired by marriage in 1555, ruling both until the 1792 overthrow of the monarchy during the French Revolution. Restored briefly in 1814 and definitively in 1815 after the fall of the First French Empire, the senior line of the Bourbons was finally overthrown in the July Revolution of 1830. A cadet Bourbon branch, the House of Orléans, then ruled for 18 years (1830–1848), until it too was overthrown.
The Princes de Condé were a cadet branch of the Bourbons descended from an uncle of Henry IV, and the Princes de Conti were a cadet branch of the Condé. Both houses were prominent French noble families well known for their participation in French affairs, even during exile in the French Revolution, until their respective extinctions in 1830 and 1814. | ["What 's the main topic?", 'When did it originate?', 'Was the wife or the husband the Bourbon in the marriage?', 'Who did she marry?', 'What is The House of Bourbon?', 'In what century did the house have Spanish thrones?', 'What dynasty did they belong to?', 'In what century did they first rule?', 'And for how much longer did the house hold on?', 'What branch?', 'What types of rules were French property at the time?', 'Name a Bourbon cadet branch?'] | {'answers': ['The House of Bourbon', '1272', 'wife', 'the youngest son of King Louis IX.', 'a European royal house of French origin', 'By the 18th century', 'the Spanish Bourbon dynasty', '16th', 'three centuries', 'a cadet branch', 'senior Capetians', 'the House of Orléans'], 'answers_start': [0, 352, 352, 395, 0, 170, 191, 102, 475, 501, 536, 1029], 'answers_end': [20, 389, 475, 476, 63, 242, 229, 169, 535, 534, 577, 1073]} |
3txmy6ucaeo5n72hryhizxy16bmcq9 | Steve Jobs, co-founder and former CEO of US technology giant Apple, has died at the age of 56. Mr Jobs had announced he was suffering from cancer in 2004. Apple said he had been "the source of countless innovations that enrich and improve all of our lives" and had made the world "immeasurably better". Tributes have been made by technology company bosses and world leaders, with US President Barack Obama saying the world had "lost a visionary ". "Steve was among the greatest of American innovators ---- brave enough to think differently, bold enough to believe he could change the world, and talented enough to do it," said Mr Obama. A statement from Mr Jobs's family said they were with him when he died peacefully on Wednesday. "In his public life, Steve was known as a visionary; in his private life, he loved his family deeply," they said, requesting privacy and thanking those who had "shared their wishes and prayers" during his final year. Apple said the company had "lost a visionary and creative genius and the world have lost an amazing human being". Tim Cook, who was made Apple's CEO after Mr Jobs stood down in August, said his predecessor had left behind "a company that only he could have built, and his spirit will forever be the foundation of Apple". Flags are being flown at half mast outside the Apple headquarters in Cupertino, California, while fans of the company have left tributes outside Apple shops around the world. The heads of other leading technology companies have also paid tribute, including Microsoft boss Bill Gates, who said "For those of us lucky enough to get to work with him, it's been a great honour. I will miss Steve very much." Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg thanks Mr Jobs for "showing that what you build can change the world" while Sony Corp president and CEO Howard Stringer said: "The digital age has lost its leading light." South Korea's Samsung, which is involved in a case with Apple over patents , admired Mr Jobs for his "Completely new and different changes to the IT industry". | ['Who has died?', 'What company did he work for?', 'What was his role within Apple?', 'Was his death caused by accident or disease?', 'Which type?', 'Which President referred to Jobs as a visionary?', 'Was Jobs alone at the time of his death?', 'Whom was he with?', 'Who was his predecessor?', 'Where is Apple headquartered?'] | {'answers': ['Steve Jobs', 'Apple', 'co-founder and former CEO', 'disease', 'cancer', 'Barack Obama', 'No', 'his family', 'unknown', 'Cupertino, California'], 'answers_start': [0, 0, 0, 94, 95, 383, 654, 654, -1, 1313], 'answers_end': [76, 66, 66, 146, 145, 445, 707, 708, -1, 1361]} |
3hfnh7hemhei4jimtkd1pojg5i8qgm | CHAPTER XX
IN THE MOUNTAINS OF ALASKA
"Sam, I think we are in for a heavy snow to-day."
"I think so myself, Dick. How much further do we go?"
"About two miles," came from Jack Wumble. "I reckon I got a bit off the trail yesterday, but I know I am right now, boys."
"But where is Tom?" came from Sam.
"He must be right ahead of us--if what we have been told is true," answered his brother.
The conversation recorded above took place just ten days after Dick and Sam arrived in Dawson City. During that time the Rover boys and Jack Wumble had spent two days in buying the necessary outfit, to follow Tom and his strange companion to the wild region in Alaska known as Lion Head. The start had been made, and now the three found themselves on a narrow mountain trail in a country that looked to be utterly uninhabited.
For three days they had been close behind Tom and Ike Furner, this being proven by the remains of campfires and other indications. Once they had met some prospectors returning to the Klondyke and these men had told of passing the pair ahead, and that Furner had said they were bound for a spot not many miles from Lion Head called Twin Rocks.
"I never heard o' Twin Rocks before," said Jack Wumble. "But if it is nigh Lion Head we ought to be able to locate it."
"Provided we don't get snowed in before we reach it," returned Sam. | ['Do they think it will snow today?', 'where are they?', 'which town?', 'how long did they spend getting their equipment?', 'who were they following?', 'how did they know they were on the right track?', 'where were they going?', 'did they ,meet anyone on the trail?', 'who?', 'where were they going?', 'had they seen Tom and Ike?', 'Where is Twin Rocks?', 'what had happened to Jack the day before?', 'how much further do they plan on traveling today?', 'What might keep them from finding Twin Rocks?', 'who is traveling with Jack Wumble?', 'what is their last name?', 'were there any towns near them on the trail?'] | {'answers': ['Yes', 'Alaska', 'Dawson City', 'Two days', 'Tom and Ike Furner', 'Because of remains of campfires and other indications', 'Twin Rocks', 'Yes', 'Prospectors', 'The Klondyke', 'Yes', 'Not many miles from Lion Head', 'He got a bit off the trail', 'About two miles', 'Getting snowed in', 'Dick and Sam', 'Rover', 'No'], 'answers_start': [42, 13, 403, 503, 832, 832, 1083, 961, 963, 962, 963, 1083, 150, 119, 1299, 42, 502, 691], 'answers_end': [92, 40, 502, 600, 892, 962, 1176, 1024, 1023, 1023, 1072, 1175, 273, 167, 1366, 192, 602, 830]} |
3ochawuvgok7f2fh5pt8ho72924kx8 | Solomon Islands is a sovereign country consisting of six major islands and over 900 smaller islands in Oceania lying to the east of Papua New Guinea and northwest of Vanuatu and covering a land area of . The country's capital, Honiara, is located on the island of Guadalcanal. The country takes its name from the Solomon Islands archipelago, which is a collection of Melanesian islands that also includes the North Solomon Islands (part of Papua New Guinea), but excludes outlying islands, such as Rennell and Bellona, and the Santa Cruz Islands.
The islands have been inhabited for thousands of years. In 1568, the Spanish navigator Álvaro de Mendaña was the first European to visit them, naming them the "Islas Salomón". Britain defined its area of interest in the Solomon Islands archipelago in June 1893, when Captain Gibson R.N., of , declared the southern Solomon Islands a British protectorate. During World War II, the Solomon Islands campaign (1942–1945) saw fierce fighting between the United States and the Empire of Japan, such as in the Battle of Guadalcanal.
The official name of the then British overseas territory was changed from "the British Solomon Islands Protectorate" to "Solomon Islands" in 1975. Self-government was achieved in 1976; independence was obtained two years later. Today, Solomon Islands is a constitutional monarchy with the Queen of Solomon Islands, currently Queen Elizabeth II, as its head of state. Manasseh Sogavare is the current prime minister. | ['Where does the Solomon country take its name from?', 'What type of country is it?', 'How many major islands does it have?', 'and what about the smaller islands?', 'What is its capital', 'Which is located on which island?', 'Who was the first person to visit it?', 'In what year?', 'What type of monarchy is it now?', 'who is its head of state?', "And its prime minister's name?", 'When was its self government achived?'] | {'answers': ['the Solomon Islands archipelago', 'it is a sovereign country', 'six', 'there are over 900 smaller islands', 'Honiara', 'Guadalcanal.', 'Álvaro de Mendaña was the first European to visit', 'In 1568', 'a constitutional monarchy', 'currently Queen Elizabeth II', 'Manasseh Sogavare', 'in1976'], 'answers_start': [277, 16, 39, 71, 204, 227, 612, 605, 1304, 1392, 1443, 1223], 'answers_end': [341, 38, 70, 99, 236, 276, 690, 635, 1356, 1420, 1492, 1260]} |
36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5jaoia | Political corruption is the use of powers by government officials for illegitimate private gain. An illegal act by an officeholder constitutes political corruption only if the act is directly related to their official duties, is done under color of law or involves trading in influence.
Forms of corruption vary, but include bribery, extortion, cronyism, nepotism, gombeenism, parochialism patronage, influence peddling, graft, and embezzlement. Corruption may facilitate criminal enterprise such as drug trafficking, money laundering, and human trafficking, though is not restricted to these activities. Misuse of government power for other purposes, such as repression of political opponents and general police brutality, is also considered political corruption.
The activities that constitute illegal corruption differ depending on the country or jurisdiction. For instance, some political funding practices that are legal in one place may be illegal in another. In some cases, government officials have broad or ill-defined powers, which make it difficult to distinguish between legal and illegal actions. Worldwide, bribery alone is estimated to involve over 1 trillion US dollars annually. A state of unrestrained political corruption is known as a kleptocracy, literally meaning "rule by thieves". | ['What is bribery a type of?', 'How much money is estimated to change hand from bribery?', 'What is political corruption?', 'Would a mayor robbing a store be considered political corruption?', 'What about a senator accepting bribes to vote for a proposal?', 'Are political corruption laws generally the same worldwide?', 'What is defined as uncontrolled political corruption?', "What's the literal meaning of that?"] | {'answers': ['Corruption.', 'Over 1 trillion dollars.', 'The use of powers by government officials for illegitimate private gain.', 'No.', 'Yes.', 'Not always.', 'Kleptocracy.', 'Rule by thieves.'], 'answers_start': [289, 1114, 0, 0, 96, 769, 1200, 1199], 'answers_end': [336, 1198, 96, 95, 288, 867, 1308, 1308]} |
3s4aw7t80bir169p6e34zdnj4vp4lc | CHAPTER VII
THE ARRIVAL OF SONGBIRD
"So you've made some enemies as well as some friends, eh?" remarked Songbird Powell, after he had been registered, taken up to his room, and had listened to what the Rover boys had to tell. "No use of talking, it doesn't take you fellows long to stir things up!"
"You said you had a surprise for us, Songbird," returned Tom. "I'm dying by inches to know what it is."
"Maybe it's a new poem," put in Sam with a grimace at his brothers.
"I've got a poem--several of them, in fact," answered Songbird, "but I didn't have those in mind when I spoke. Who do you suppose I met yesterday morning, in Ithaca, while I was waiting for the train?"
"Dora Stanhope and the Lanings," answered Tom promptly.
"No. Tad Sobber."
"Tad Sobber!" exclaimed the Rover boys in concert.
"Songbird, are you sure of it?" demanded Dick.
"Sure? Wasn't I talking to him!"
"But--but--I thought he was lost in that hurricane, when the _Josephine_ was wrecked."
"No. It seems he escaped to a vessel bound for England; but his uncle, Sid Merrick, was lost, and so were most of the others. Sobber just got back from England--came in on one of the ocean liners, so he told me."
"How did he act?" asked Tom.
"Where was he going?" added Sam.
"Did he seem to have any money?" came from Dick.
All of the Rovers were intensely interested, and showed it plainly.
"Say, one question at a time, please!" cried Songbird, "You put me in mind of a song I once wrote about a little boy: | ['what did Dick ask?', 'Who did Tom think Songbird had seen?', 'was it them?', 'who was it?', 'what did the boys think had happened to him?', 'who had been lost', 'was he the only one?', 'Had the boys only made enemies?', 'what else?', "what did Sam think Songbird's surprise was?", 'did he have any?', 'was that his surprise?', 'what ship had wrecked?', "was Sid Merrick Sobber's grandfather?", 'was he a relative?', 'what relationship?', 'were the Rover boys bored by the descussion?', 'how did thye feel?', 'what was Songbird reminded of', 'about?'] | {'answers': ['if Songbird was sure', 'Dora Stanhope and the Lanings', 'no', 'Tad Sobber', 'that he was lost in a hurricane', 'Sid Merrick', 'no', 'no', 'some friends', 'a new poem', 'yes', 'no', 'Josephine', 'no', 'yes', 'uncle', 'no', 'intensely interested', 'a song', 'a little boy:'], 'answers_start': [817, 686, 744, 744, 914, 1060, 1073, 41, 69, 412, 482, 545, 951, 1045, 1044, 1045, 1321, 1332, 1436, 1471], 'answers_end': [863, 730, 761, 758, 950, 1083, 1113, 92, 92, 446, 525, 590, 987, 1083, 1083, 1072, 1364, 1364, 1483, 1508]} |
3wmoan2srbxgjjvp2nk6lvrlnnmnv0 | Los Angeles (CNN) -- A lawyer who filed a teen sex abuse lawsuit against "X-Men" director Bryan Singer said three more "Hollywood types" will be targeted in similar suits soon.
Michael Egan, who accuses Singer of sexually abusing him starting when he was 15, appeared with attorney Jeff Herman at a news conference in Beverly Hills on Thursday.
"I was a piece of meat," Egan, now 31, told reporters. "There was no relationship."
The civil suit filed in U.S. District Court in Hawaii on Wednesday alleged that Singer offered the aspiring teen actor a role in an "X-Men" film if he gave in to his sexual demands, while threatening to destroy his career if he didn't.
Singer's representative said the accusations were "completely without merit."
"We are very confident that Bryan will be vindicated in this absurd and defamatory lawsuit," Singer's representative said. "It is obvious that this case was filed in an attempt to get publicity at the time when Bryan' s new movie is about to open in a few weeks."
Singer is one of Hollywood's most successful directors and producers, having directed two installments of the "X-Men" film franchise and a Superman movie in the past 15 years. His next film, "X-Men: Days of Future Past," is set to hit theaters on May 23.
Fox, the studio distributing the X-Men movies, issued a statement about the accusations Thursday.
"These are serious allegations, and they will be resolved in the appropriate forum. This is a personal matter, which Bryan Singer and his representatives are addressing separately." | ['Who was accusing another of a crime?', 'Last name?', 'In what Court?', 'Of what State?', 'Who was being accused?', "Name a movie he's associated with.", 'At what age was the accuser allegedly abused?', 'And how old now?', 'What did the accused rep say would be the outcome?', 'What other movies has he been involved with?', 'Did the Studio ever respond to this?', 'How many more would be accused?', "Who was the alleged victim's legal rep?", 'Last name?', 'At what event did he speak on the matter?', 'What day was that?', 'Where?'] | {'answers': ['Michael', 'Egan', 'U.S. District Court', 'Hawaii', 'Bryan', 'X-Men', '15', '31', 'will be vindicated', 'Superman', 'yes', 'three', 'Jeff', 'Herman', 'news conference', 'Thursday', 'Beverly Hills'], 'answers_start': [179, 187, 459, 482, 90, 74, 257, 384, 787, 1158, 1323, 108, 284, 289, 301, 337, 320], 'answers_end': [187, 191, 478, 489, 96, 79, 259, 386, 806, 1167, 1341, 113, 288, 296, 316, 345, 333]} |
3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cwydti | CHAPTER EIGHT.
DAN HORSEY DOES THE AGREEABLE IN THE KITCHEN.
"Captain Bingley," said Kenneth, entering my study somewhat hastily on the following morning, "I am going to carry off Gildart for the day to have a ride with me, and I looked in on you in passing to tell you that Haco has arrived in his schooner, and that he is going to sail this evening for London and will take your Russians to their consul if you wish it."
"Thank you, lad; many thanks," said I, "some of them may be able to go, but others, I fear, are too much hurt, and may require to be nursed in the `Home' for some time yet. I will consider it; meanwhile will you carry a note to your father for me?"
"With pleasure; at least I will send Dan Horsey with it, if that will do as well."
"Quite as well, if you can spare him; send him into the kitchen while I write the note. Adieu, lad, and see that you don't break Gildart's neck. Remember that he is not much accustomed to horses."
"No fear of him," said Kenneth, looking back with a laugh as he reached the door, "he is well used to riding out hard gales, and that is more arduous work than steeple-chasing." When Dan Horsey was told to go to the kitchen and await further orders, he received the command with a cheerful smile, and, attaching the bridle of his horse to a post, proceeded to obey it. | ['Who entered in a hurry?', 'Who is he going riding with?', 'Is Gildart experienced with horses?', 'What is he more suited to?', 'Who arrived, according to Kenneth?', 'Where is he going later?', 'by train?', 'On what, then?', 'What favor could he do for the Captain?', 'Does the Captain plan to send all of them?', 'Why not?', 'What did they need?', 'What favor does the Captain ask, instead?', 'Who will Kenneth pass the job off to?', 'Where should he go until the letter has been written?', 'Was he pleased with his errand?', 'Where did he leave his horse?', 'What warning does the Captain give Kenneth in regards to his ride?'] | {'answers': ['Kenneth', 'Gildart', 'No', 'Riding out hard gales', 'Haco', 'LOndon', 'No', 'His schooner', 'Take the Russians to the consul', 'No', 'Some were too hurt', 'To be nursed at the Home', 'That Kenneth take a note to his father', 'Dan Horsey', 'The kitchen', 'Yes', 'Tied to a post', "Not to break Gildart's neck"], 'answers_start': [65, 158, 869, 964, 232, 278, 279, 279, 321, 469, 469, 468, 602, 680, 803, 1141, 1141, 853], 'answers_end': [157, 226, 962, 1139, 311, 427, 427, 427, 427, 539, 601, 599, 678, 763, 852, 1333, 1333, 908]} |
3fe2ercczx8lwky5hqbkus28r7copd | CHAPTER XXX
JACINTA CAPITULATES
The _Carsegarry_ was not a fast vessel. Like most of the ocean tramp species, she had been built to carry the largest possible cargo on a very moderate consumption of coal, and speed was a secondary consideration. She had also been in the warmer seas for some time, with the result that every plate beneath her water-line was foul, and as she fell in with strong northwest breezes, she was an unusually long while on the way to Liverpool. Austin was thus not astonished to find a letter from Jefferson, written four or five days after he left Las Palmas, waiting him at Farquhar's brokers, which made it evident that his comrade had got to work again.
He smiled a trifle grimly as he read it, for he fancied that its optimistic tone had cost Jefferson--who alluded to his apprehensions about his arm very briefly--an effort, for the fact that he was asked to cable as soon as he had seen a doctor appeared significant. The rest of the letter concerned financial affairs.
"We have had a rough preliminary survey, and the result is distinctly encouraging," he read. "After making a few temporary repairs I expect to bring her on to Liverpool, and there is every reason to believe we can dispose of her for a good round sum. I could have got £10,000, ex-cargo, as she lies here. Palm oil, it also appears, is scarce and dear, at up to £30 the ton, from which it seems to me that your share should approximate £7,000. I have to mention that Brown is on his way to Liverpool and wants you to communicate with him at the address enclosed." | ['Was the ship quick?', 'What was it built for?', 'What is its name?', 'Where was she headed?', 'Where had she been?', 'Who received correspondence?', 'Where did he get it from?', 'Who sent it?', 'What was the correspondence mainly about?'] | {'answers': ['No', 'largest possible cargo on a very moderate consumption of coal', 'The Carsegarry', 'Liverpool', 'warmer seas', 'Austin', 'Jefferson', 'Jefferson', 'his arm and financial affairs.'], 'answers_start': [36, 114, 36, 418, 249, 475, 475, 475, 830], 'answers_end': [75, 207, 51, 473, 300, 537, 537, 537, 1009]} |
3qiyre09y3h0x7frv90he7k5yfhn15 | Broadway theatre, commonly known as Broadway, refers to the theatrical performances presented in the 41 professional theatres with 500 or more seats located in the Theater District and Lincoln Center along Broadway, in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. Along with London's West End theatre, Broadway theatre is widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world.
The Theater District is a popular tourist attraction in New York City. According to The Broadway League, for the 2016–2017 season (which ended May 21, 2017), total attendance was 13,270,343 and Broadway shows had US$1,449,399,149 in grosses, with attendance down 0.4%, grosses up 5.5%, and playing weeks down 4.1%.
The great majority of Broadway shows are musicals. Historian Martin Shefter argues, "'Broadway musicals,' culminating in the productions of Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein, became enormously influential forms of American popular culture" and helped make New York City the cultural capital of the nation.
New York did not have a significant theatre presence until about 1750, when actor-managers Walter Murray and Thomas Kean established a resident theatre company at the Theatre on Nassau Street, which held about 280 people. They presented Shakespeare plays and ballad operas such as "The Beggar's Opera". In 1752, William Hallam sent a company of twelve actors from Britain to the colonies with his brother Lewis as their manager. They established a theatre in Williamsburg, Virginia and opened with "The Merchant of Venice" and "The Anatomist". The company moved to New York in the summer of 1753, performing ballad operas and ballad-farces like "Damon and Phillida". The Revolutionary War suspended theatre in New York, but thereafter theatre resumed in 1798, the year the 2,000-seat Park Theatre was built on Chatham Street (now called Park Row). The Bowery Theatre opened in 1826, followed by others. Blackface minstrel shows, a distinctly American form of entertainment, became popular in the 1830s, and especially so with the arrival of the Virginia Minstrels in the 1840s. | ['How many theatres are on Broadway?', 'How many seats do they have?', 'What city are they in?', 'in what Burrough?', 'Is it a popular place?', 'What was the attendance in 2016-2017?', 'What did it gross?', 'Was attendance up?', 'Down by how much?', 'Was the gross down too?', 'up by what?', 'Were the playing weeks up?', 'Down by what?', 'What makes up the majority of the shows?', 'Who is one of the influential producers?', 'and another?', 'What city is the cultural capital?', 'What was created on Nassau Street?', 'How many did it hold?', 'what happened in 1752?'] | {'answers': ['41', '500 or more seats', 'in New York City.', 'Manhattan', 'yes', '13,270,343', '$1,449,399,149', 'no', '0.4%', 'no', '5.5%', 'no', '4.1%.', 'musicals', 'Richard Rodgers', 'Oscar Hammerstein', 'New York City', 'a resident theatre company', 'about 280 people.', 'William Hallam sent a company of twelve actors from Britain to the colonies'], 'answers_start': [36, 125, 148, 164, 415, 521, 609, 658, 657, 684, 692, 705, 704, 732, 857, 857, 992, 1153, 1237, 1347], 'answers_end': [126, 148, 252, 238, 467, 604, 655, 683, 683, 700, 700, 728, 730, 781, 947, 909, 1042, 1218, 1265, 1473]} |
3jmsru9hqiucpdic9ohnv8xc8gmvep | Xu Caihou, a retired PLA general and former vice-chairman of the powerful Central Military Commission (CMC), was taken from his sick bed at 301 Military Hospital in Beijing on Saturday by dozens of armed policemen, the South China Morning Post reported, quoting unidentified sources.
Xu was detained the same day President Xi Jinping chaired a steering group tasked with reforming the military, the Post said.
If confirmed, Xu would become the highest-ranking military officer to be detained on suspicion of corruption.
Xu's critics claim that during his tenure, the buying and selling of military ranks was widespread in the defense establishment.
"I was told by an ex-PLA man I met on the train travelling to Guangzhou that he quit the military because so many people were buying positions and he did not want to play that game," said David Zweig, professor at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.
"Telling me, a foreign professor, such dirt suggests that it is widespread and the anger that exists about this is also widespread."
Bribery scandal
Xu's detention may be connected with the corruption probe of Gu Junshan, the army's former deputy logistics chief and one of Xu's closest subordinates. Gu, who was in charge of the military's massive procurement and property portfolio, reportedly received bribes in cash and gifts. He has been under investigation since early 2012.
Xu, 71, was promoted to the CMC in 1999 and became its vice-chairman in 2004. He retired in March last year.
He has not been seen in public for several months until January 20, when the Chinese media showed him with President Xi greeting a group of retired military officials on the eve of the Chinese Lunar New Year. | ['Was Xu promoted?', 'What age?', 'When?', 'Was he liked?', 'Was he arrested?', 'When?', 'How?', 'For what?', 'Who bribed him?', 'Is he still working?', 'Did he resurface?', 'When?', 'Where?', 'For what?', 'Celebrating what?', 'What was bought?', 'By whom?', 'Was a game played?', 'Where?', 'Did he have people beneath him?'] | {'answers': ['yes', '71', 'in 1999', 'no', 'yes', 'Saturday', 'taken from bed by policemen', 'suspicion of corruption', 'Gu Junshan', 'no', 'yes', 'January 20', 'with President Xi', 'greeting military officials', 'Chinese Lunar New Year', 'military ranks', 'the defense', 'yes', 'the military', 'yes'], 'answers_start': [1408, 1412, 1440, 1004, 0, 175, 109, 499, 1135, 1486, 1570, 1575, 1621, 1639, 1699, 595, 628, 823, 741, 448], 'answers_end': [1447, 1414, 1447, 1021, 284, 184, 213, 522, 1145, 1517, 1586, 1585, 1637, 1685, 1726, 609, 639, 837, 754, 480]} |
3dqq64tanglt1t778c2ubmfuu8lpwy | Case is a special grammatical category of a noun, pronoun, adjective, participle or numeral whose value reflects the grammatical function performed by that word in a phrase, clause, or sentence. In some languages, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, determiners, participles, prepositions, numerals, articles and their modifiers take different inflected forms depending on what case they are in. As a language evolves, cases can merge (for instance, in Ancient Greek, the locative case merged with the dative), a phenomenon formally called syncretism.
English has largely lost its case system, although personal pronouns still have three cases that are simplified forms of the nominative, accusative and genitive cases: subjective case (I, you, he, she, it, we, they, who, whoever), objective case (me, you, him, her, it, us, them, whom, whomever) and possessive case (my, mine; your, yours; his; her, hers; its; our, ours; their, theirs; whose; whosever). Forms such as "I", "he" and "we" are used for the subject ("I kicked the ball"), whereas forms such as "me", "him" and "us" are used for the object ("John kicked me").
Languages such as Sanskrit, Ancient Greek, Latin, Armenian, Hungarian, Tibetan, Czech, Slovak, Turkish, Tamil, Romanian, Russian, Polish, Serbo-Croatian, Estonian, Finnish, Icelandic, Ukrainian, Lithuanian, Basque, Esperanto and the majority of Caucasian languages have extensive case systems, with nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and determiners all inflecting (usually by means of different suffixes) to indicate their case. The number of cases differs between languages: German and Icelandic have four; Turkish, Latin and Russian each have at least six; Armenian, Czech, Polish, Serbian, Croatian, Ukrainian, and Lithuanian have seven; Sanskrit has eight; Estonian and Finnish have fifteen, Hungarian has eighteen and Tsez has sixty-four. | ['What is case?', 'Is there a case system in English?', 'Does Esperanto have an extensive case system?', 'Between languages does the number of cases stay the same?', 'How many does German and Icelandic have?', 'What about Turkish, Latin and Russian?', 'What about Tsez?', 'What are forms such as me, him and us used for?', 'What about I, he, and we?', 'How many cases do personal pronouns still have in English?'] | {'answers': ['a special grammatical category of a noun, pronoun, adjective, participle or numeral whose value reflects the grammatical function performed by that word in a phrase, clause, or sentence. In some languages, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, determiners, participles, prepositions, numerals, articles and their modifiers take different inflected forms depending on what case they are in', 'it has largely lost its case system', 'yes', 'no', 'four', 'they each have at least six', 'sixty-four', 'the object', 'they are used for the subject', 'three'], 'answers_start': [8, 554, 1337, 1546, 1593, 1652, 1840, 1041, 952, 589], 'answers_end': [387, 587, 1414, 1592, 1623, 1674, 1859, 1100, 1009, 638]} |
3sitxwycnv96mzbnzcgfilocm6fxbh | Murder is the unlawful killing of another human without justification or valid excuse, especially the unlawful killing of another human being with malice aforethought. This state of mind may, depending upon the jurisdiction, distinguish murder from other forms of unlawful homicide, such as manslaughter. Manslaughter is a killing committed in the absence of "malice", brought about by reasonable provocation, or diminished capacity. "Involuntary" manslaughter, where it is recognized, is a killing that lacks all but the most attenuated guilty intent, recklessness.
Most societies consider murder to be a very serious crime, and thus believe that the person charged should receive harsh punishments for the purposes of retribution, deterrence, rehabilitation, or incapacitation. In most countries, a person convicted of murder generally faces a long-term prison sentence, possibly a life sentence; and in a few, the death penalty may be imposed.
The modern English word "murder" descends from the Proto-Indo-European "mrtró" which meant "to die". The Middle English "mordre" is a noun from Anglo-Saxon "morðor" and Old French "murdre". Middle English "mordre" is a verb from Anglo-Saxon "myrdrian" and the Middle English noun.
The eighteenth-century English jurist William Blackstone (citing Edward Coke), in his "Commentaries on the Laws of England" set out the common law definition of murder, which by this definition occurs The elements of common law murder are: | ['What is the definition of murder?', 'What is the term for murder by recklessness?', 'And what is the term for murder that was provoked?', 'What sentence might a person found guilty of murder recieve?', 'Maximally called what?', 'What other alternative may be sentenced?', 'What word was murder derived from?', 'meaning?', 'Which jurist defined murder?', 'In what publication?', 'During which time period?', 'Whom did he cite?'] | {'answers': ['unlawful killing of another human without justification or valid excuse,', '"Involuntary" manslaughter,', '. Manslaughter', 'long-term prison sentence,', 'life sentence;', ', the death penalty', 'Proto-Indo-European "mrtró"', '"to die".', 'William Blackstone', '"Commentaries on the Laws of England"', 'The eighteenth-century', 'Edward Coke'], 'answers_start': [0, 433, 303, 800, 885, 900, 1002, 1021, 1235, 1234, 1234, 1292], 'answers_end': [86, 567, 434, 875, 900, 949, 1029, 1051, 1290, 1473, 1290, 1310]} |
3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it | Before forming Queen, Brian May and Roger Taylor had played together in a band named Smile. Freddie Mercury (then known by his birth name of Farrokh "Freddie" Bulsara) was a fan of Smile and encouraged them to experiment with more elaborate stage and recording techniques. Mercury joined the band in 1970, suggested "Queen" as a new band name, and adopted his familiar stage name. John Deacon was recruited prior to recording their eponymous debut album in 1973. Queen first charted in the UK with their second album, Queen II, in 1974, but it was the release of Sheer Heart Attack later that year and A Night at the Opera in 1975 which brought them international success. The latter featured "Bohemian Rhapsody", which stayed at number one in the UK for nine weeks and popularised the music video. Their 1977 album, News of the World, contained "We Will Rock You" and "We Are the Champions", which have become anthems at sporting events. By the early 1980s, Queen were one of the biggest stadium rock bands in the world. Their performance at 1985's Live Aid is ranked among the greatest in rock history by various music publications, with a 2005 industry poll ranking it the best. In 1991, Mercury died of bronchopneumonia, a complication of AIDS, and Deacon retired in 1997. Since then, May and Taylor have occasionally performed together, including with Paul Rodgers (2004–09) and with Adam Lambert (since 2011). In November 2014, Queen released a new album, Queen Forever, featuring vocals from the late Mercury. | ['What was their band earlier?', 'Now what?', 'When did Mercury start with them?', 'What was his real name?', 'Who suggested the new name?', 'What is the name?', 'Who joined them next?', 'What was their first chart in UK?', 'Which year was that?', 'What was their first international success?', 'In which year?', 'Was there a specific track mentionable?', 'What was its success?', 'Did they do well in any other format?', 'Are there any examples?', 'What was their achievement in the 80s?', 'Any example?', 'How it is ranked?', 'What happened to Mercury?', 'How about Deacon?'] | {'answers': ['Smile', 'Queen', '1970', 'Farrokh Bulsara', 'Mercury', 'Queen', 'John Deacon', 'Queen II', '1974', 'A Night at the Opera', '1975', 'Bohemian Rhapsody', 'number one in the UK for nine weeks', 'music videos', 'Bohemian Rhapsody', 'one of the biggest stadium rock bands in the world.', "1985's Live Aid", 'a 2005 industry poll ranking it the best.', 'died of bronchopneumonia', 'He retired'], 'answers_start': [0, 0, 273, 92, 273, 306, 381, 463, 463, 602, 602, 673, 673, 770, 693, 939, 1022, 1140, 1191, 1253], 'answers_end': [90, 91, 304, 166, 342, 342, 461, 527, 535, 673, 630, 712, 764, 798, 797, 1021, 1103, 1181, 1223, 1267]} |
3vhp9mdgrnk8wic8di6onyun0jacfx | (CNN) -- Cockiness and swagger serve him on the golf course, but there's much more to golf's young phenom, Rory McIlroy.
The U.S. Open winner might hang with tennis great Rafael Nadal, knock back some Heinekens or slip the electronic dance sounds of Swedish House Mafia into his iPod.
Such tidbits are rolling out these days from the 22-year-old hero of Holywood, Northern Ireland, who won the tournament by eight strokes and instantly drew comparisons to Tiger Woods.
"I didn't realize how much my life would change, even in the last 10 days," McIlroy said on "Piers Morgan Tonight," aired Thursday.
As Woods has done over the years, McIlroy simply left the competition in the dust. He was the youngest winner of the tournament since the legendary Bobby Jones in 1923.
For someone under a spotlight these days, the athlete with a tousle of hair looked at ease during his interview with Morgan.
"To me, I won a golf tournament and that was the end of it," McIlroy said. But it really is bigger than that."
He paid tribute to his parents, who both worked when he grew up. His father, Gerry, held down three jobs and was a "calming influence" during the U.S. Open, said McIlroy, an only child.
The U.S. Open gave the golfer a shot of redemption after his final-round meltdown at the Masters in April.
"If anything it made me more determined to prove to people and myself that I wasn't ... a choker," McIlroy said.
While saying he was inspired by Woods, McIlroy isn't one to compare himself. | ['Whom has Rory McIlroy comapred to?', 'How old is he?', 'What has he won?', 'What show has he appeared on?', 'What did he fail to win?', 'Where is he from?', 'Who is he friends with?', 'From whom does he draw inspiration?', 'Has he been compared to him?', 'To whom did he give credit?', 'What did they do?', 'How was his father relevant to his golfing career?', 'What did his brother do?', "What's one of his most notable mannerisms?", "What is he set on showing everyone that he isn't?", 'Is he the youngest winner of the tournament?', 'What did he say on a show?', 'What does he listen to?'] | {'answers': ['Tiger Woods', '22', 'the U.S. Open', 'Piers Morgan Tonight', 'the Masters in April', 'Holywood, Northern Ireland', 'Rafael Nadal', 'Tiger Woods', 'yes', 'his parents', 'they both worked', 'he was a "calming influence"', 'he was an only child', 'Cockiness and swagger', 'a choker', 'since the legendary Bobby Jones in 1923', '"I didn\'t realize how much my life would change, even in the last 10 days,"', 'the electronic dance sounds of Swedish House Mafia'], 'answers_start': [335, 289, 123, 475, 1208, 289, 123, 1432, 289, 1020, 1020, 1085, 1020, 9, 1317, 691, 475, 123], 'answers_end': [474, 386, 144, 607, 1316, 385, 186, 1508, 474, 1084, 1085, 1154, 1205, 59, 1430, 777, 607, 287]} |
3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57ue148 | When Steve Maxwell graduated from college, he had an engineering degree and a high tech job -- but he couldn't balance his checkbook. "I took one finance class in college but dropped it to go on a ski trip," says the 45-year-old father of three, who lives in Windsor, Colorado. "I actually had to go to my bank and ask them to teach me how to read my statement."
One of the biggest obstacles to making money is not understanding it: Thousands of us avoid investing because we just don't get it. But to make money, you must be financially literate. "It bothered me that I didn't understand this stuff," says Steve, "so I read books and magazines about money management and investing, and I asked every financial whiz I knew to explain things to me."
He and his wife started applying the lessons: They made a point to _ . They never bought on impulse, always negotiated better deals (on their cars,cable bills, furniture) and stayed in their home long after they went for an expensive vacation. They also put 20 percent of their annual salary into investments.
Within ten years, they were millionaires, and people were coming to Steve for advice. "Someone would say, 'I need to refinance my house -- what should I do? 'A lot of times, I wouldn't know the answer, but I'd go to find it and learn something in the process," he says.
In 2003, Steve quit his job to become part owner of a company that holds personal finance seminars for employees of corporations like Wal Mart. He also started going to real estate investment seminars, and it's paid off: He now owns $ 30 million worth of investment properties, including apartment complexes, a shopping mall and a quarry.
"I was an engineer who never thought this life was possible, but all it truly takes is a little self education," says Steve. "You can do anything once you understand the basics." | ['What type of degree did Steve have?', 'Did he have a high-tech job as well?', 'Why did he drop his finance class?', 'How many children does he have?', 'How old is Steve?', 'In what year did Steve quit his job?', 'Is Steve a multi-millionaire?', 'How long did it take him to become a millionaire?', 'Do people ask Steve for advice?', 'How much of his annual salary does he put into Investments?'] | {'answers': ['an engineering degree', 'yes', 'to go on a ski trip', 'three', '45', '2003', 'yes', 'Within ten years', 'yes', '20 percent'], 'answers_start': [49, 43, 135, 217, 217, 1337, 1558, 1065, 1111, 997], 'answers_end': [71, 91, 205, 244, 244, 1364, 1613, 1105, 1149, 1061]} |
3p59jyt76lk5h527b9m7sp02eta2ta | (CNN) -- Venezuela's top election official said Thursday that authorities will complete a 100% audit of votes cast in Sunday's presidential election.
Tibisay Lucena, president of Venezuela's National Electoral Council, said officials decided on the audit after a lengthy debate.
Officials had already audited 54% of ballot boxes, and now will audit the remaining 46%, she said.
READ MORE: Why Venezuela is so divided
The decision comes after opposition candidate Henrique Capriles Radonski filed complaints with election officials about thousands of alleged violations during Sunday's vote.
"The electoral power is making this decision in order to preserve a climate of harmony between Venezuelans, but also to isolate violent sectors that are irresponsibly trying to harm democracy," Lucena said.
Capriles said he accepted the council's decision Thursday because he believes that the problems his campaign spotted would be detected in the audit of the remaining 46%.
"I want to congratulate our people, because this was your fight," Capriles said late Thursday.
Earlier this week, Lucena certified the election results and declared Nicolas Maduro president-elect, despite Capriles' calls for a vote-by-vote recount.
Maduro secured 50.8% of votes in Sunday's election, while Capriles won 49%, election officials said earlier this week.
Maduro is scheduled to be sworn in at a ceremony in Caracas on Friday. It was unclear late Thursday whether the audit would impact plans for his inauguration.
The audit will take about 30 days and will involve comparing results from voting machines with printed reports and registries containing voters' signatures, Venezuelan constitutional lawyer Jose Vicente Haro told CNN en Español. | ['Who is Tibsay Lucena?'] | {'answers': ["president of Venezuela's National Electoral Council"], 'answers_start': [152], 'answers_end': [220]} |
34z02eimisdylvztwmit917ni5st04 | Zeus (; "Zeús" ) is the sky and thunder god in ancient Greek religion, who ruled as king of the gods of Mount Olympus. His name is cognate with the first element of his Roman equivalent Jupiter. His mythologies and powers are similar, though not identical, to those of Indo-European deities such as Indra, Jupiter, Perun, Thor, and Odin.
Zeus is the child of Cronus and Rhea, the youngest of his siblings to be born, though sometimes reckoned the eldest as the others required disgorging from Cronus's stomach. In most traditions, he is married to Hera, by whom he is usually said to have fathered Ares, Hebe, and Hephaestus. At the oracle of Dodona, his consort was said to be Dione, by whom the "Iliad" states that he fathered Aphrodite. Zeus was also infamous for his erotic escapades. These resulted in many godly and heroic offspring, including Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Hermes, Persephone, Dionysus, Perseus, Heracles, Helen of Troy, Minos, and the Muses.
He was respected as an allfather who was chief of the gods and assigned the others to their roles: "Even the gods who are not his natural children address him as Father, and all the gods rise in his presence." He was equated with many foreign weather gods, permitting Pausanias to observe "That Zeus is king in heaven is a saying common to all men". Zeus' symbols are the thunderbolt, eagle, bull, and oak. In addition to his Indo-European inheritance, the classical "cloud-gatherer" (Greek: , "Nephelēgereta") also derives certain iconographic traits from the cultures of the ancient Near East, such as the scepter. Zeus is frequently depicted by Greek artists in one of two poses: standing, striding forward with a thunderbolt leveled in his raised right hand, or seated in majesty. | ['What God is Zeus?', 'In what religion?', 'What was he king of?', 'Who were his parents?', 'Did he have brothers and sisters?', 'Who is his wife/', 'How many children did he have?', 'What are their names?', 'What was he known for?', 'What did they result in?', 'What are his symbols?'] | {'answers': ['sky and thunder', 'Greek', 'the gods', 'Cronus and Rhea', 'Yes', 'Hera', 'Three', 'Ares, Hebe, and Hephaestus', 'erotic escapades', 'godly and heroic offspring', 'thunderbolt, eagle, bull, and oak'], 'answers_start': [24, 55, 92, 361, 379, 549, 599, 600, 773, 814, 1337], 'answers_end': [39, 61, 100, 376, 406, 554, 626, 626, 789, 840, 1370]} |
3bf51chdtva8gm8yws14vi4z79x0hx | O'Fallon, Missouri (CNN) -- Nathan Halbach is 22, with a diagnosis of terminal brain cancer. He knows that "horrible stuff" lies ahead.
His mother, Pat Bond, has been taking care of him full time. But when she needed help, she reached out to the Roman Catholic Church.
After all, his father is a priest.
Nathan was born in 1986, during a five-year affair between his mother and Father Henry Willenborg, the Franciscan priest who celebrated Nathan's baptism. In a story first reported in the New York Times, it was revealed that The Franciscan Order drew up an agreement acknowledging the boy's paternity and agreeing to pay child support in exchange for a pledge of confidentiality.
Now her son -- the youngest of four children -- may have just weeks to live. And when the Franciscans balked at paying for his care, she decided she was no longer bound by her pledge of confidentiality.
"I never asked for extraordinary amounts. I asked for the basic needs and care of my son," Bond told CNN's "AC 360." But she said the church told her, "No, we are not Nathan's biological father, we have no legal obligation to your son."
Willenborg, whose priestly vows require celibacy, has been suspended from his most recent assignment, in northern Wisconsin, as Catholic leaders investigate allegations that he was involved with another woman -- then in high school -- around the same time he was seeing Bond. Willenborg has acknowledged his relationship with Bond, but denies any inappropriate relationship with the other woman while she was a minor, according to his current bishop. | ["Who is Nathan Halbach's mom?", 'Who has she asked to help her?', 'What does his father do?', 'When was he born?', 'How old does that make him?', 'Is he healthy?', 'What was he diagnosed with?', 'Who takes care of him?', 'Were his parents married when he was born?', 'How long was their affair?', 'Who pays the child support?', 'In exchange for what?', 'Why did she break that pledge?', 'How long does her son have to live?', 'Did she ask for a lot of money?', 'What did she ask for?', 'Was she the only one that his father was involved with?'] | {'answers': ['Pat Bond', 'the Roman Catholic Church.', 'He is a priest.', '1986', '22', 'No.', 'Brain cancer.', 'His mother.', 'No.', 'Five years.', 'The Franciscan Order.', 'A pledge of confidentiality.', 'The Franciscans balked at paying for his care.', 'Weeks.', 'No.', 'The basic needs and care of her son,', 'No.'], 'answers_start': [149, 244, 284, 329, 46, 55, 79, 138, 310, 344, 534, 659, 776, 753, 897, 950, 1309], 'answers_end': [158, 272, 308, 333, 48, 91, 91, 148, 408, 354, 554, 689, 822, 759, 937, 985, 1345]} |
3awetudc92s5e2p864wh1t80ptkizp | (CNN) -- At one point in Jared Hutchins' young life, the Beatles were a big problem.
The rallies, which draw mostly teens, are one part concert, one part Christian revival.
"I had to stop listening to them for a while," said Hutchins, who lives in Cumming, Georgia, and plays the piano, guitar and harmonica. He said the group's world view "had a negative effect on me," and made him irritable and angry.
"God owns my life, not the Beatles," he said simply. Although Hutchins said he enjoys a wide range of music -- from Pink Floyd and Arcade Fire to Christian bands such as Hillsong United -- he said he has to be careful of what music he listens to, for the same reason he temporarily turned off the Beatles.
Hutchins, a 16-year-old graced with poise and thoughtfulness, is one of many teenagers who say that some part of popular culture, with its ubiquitous references to sex, drugs and violence, has harmed him.
Last year, Hutchins and his Christian youth group attended an Acquire the Fire rally in Atlanta, Georgia, he said. Acquire the Fire -- regional rallies held across the country -- and BattleCry -- the larger rallies held this year in only three cities -- are the products of the evangelical Christian organization Teen Mania. Go behind-the-scenes with CNN's Christiane Amanpour at a BattleCry event »
One part concert, one part Christian revival, the rallies seek to "stage a reverse revolution" against secular popular culture. They have the pull of headlining rock concerts, drawing thousands of people regardless of the region of the country, the month of year or the day of the week. The audiences are nearly always predominantly teenagers and young adults. | ['Who does the story focus on?', 'What was an issue he faced?', 'What band did he have a problem with?', 'Why?', 'Who does he claim owns his life?', 'What kind of music does he listen to?', 'What did some musicians reference that bothered him?', 'What rally did he attend?', 'Who puts on these events?', 'What is one piece of the rally?', 'the other?', 'How many people attend?', 'Who are the main people in the audience?'] | {'answers': ['Jared Hutchins', 'He says that some part of popular culture has harmed him', 'the Beatles', 'He said the group\'s world view "had a negative effect on me," and made him irritable and angry.', 'God', 'he enjoys a wide range of music', 'sex, drugs and violence', 'Acquire the Fire', 'Teen Mania', 'One part concert', 'one part Christian revival', 'thousands of people', 'predominantly teenagers and young adults'], 'answers_start': [25, 719, 53, 313, 412, 487, 858, 988, 1239, 1328, 1328, 1504, 1646], 'answers_end': [39, 922, 64, 408, 428, 596, 906, 1004, 1249, 1372, 1372, 1571, 1687]} |
3ftyuglfsulqzdpx72oqlslsvg05dg | U.S. billionaire Bill Gates went to watch a game of his friend, U.S. teen player Ariel Hsing, at the ExCel Centre while the girl was playing against Chinese Li Xiaoxia. Gates wore an orange jacket and dark blue baseball cap. He sat in the front row of thespectators' stand andapplauded for every point Hsing scored. "I'm wishing her the best of luck, but the opposite player is really great," Gates said. Hsing was in her third match at London 2012. She had already beaten Mexico's Yadira Silva and Luxembourg's Ni Xia Lian. Hsing is known in the U.S. as a close friend with billionaires Warren Buffett and Gates. She is close enough to call them "Uncle Warren" and "Uncle Bill". Buffett met Hsing when she was only 9. Two years later, he invited her to play against his friends. She has returned several times after that. Earlier this year after winning a position on the U.S. team, she took a few points off Buffett and Gates. When asked whether he has won a point off Hsing, Gates said, "She beat me when she was nine. She has been nice to me." | ["Who are two of Hsing's billionaire friends?", 'Is she friends with Warren Buffet and Bill Gates?', 'Are they billionaires?', 'What does Hsing call them?', 'How was old was she when she met Bill Gates?', 'How old was she when he invited her to play against his buddies?', 'What did Bill wear to the game at ExCel Centre?', 'Did he have a good seat?', 'Who did Hsing defeat from Mexico?'] | {'answers': ['unknown', 'Yes', 'Yes', '"Uncle Warren" and "Uncle Bill".', 'Nine', '11', 'orange jacket and dark blue baseball ca', 'Yes', "Yadira Silva and Luxembourg's Ni Xia Lian."], 'answers_start': [-1, 525, 575, 647, 716, 718, 183, 225, 482], 'answers_end': [-1, 612, 612, 679, 717, 734, 222, 249, 524]} |
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