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Technical Report
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What's New
- [2025.06.06] MiniCPM4 series are released! This model achieves ultimate efficiency improvements while maintaining optimal performance at the same scale! It can achieve over 5x generation acceleration on typical end-side chips! You can find technical report here.🔥🔥🔥
MiniCPM4 Series
MiniCPM4 series are highly efficient large language models (LLMs) designed explicitly for end-side devices, which achieves this efficiency through systematic innovation in four key dimensions: model architecture, training data, training algorithms, and inference systems.
- MiniCPM4-8B: The flagship of MiniCPM4, with 8B parameters, trained on 8T tokens.
- MiniCPM4-0.5B: The small version of MiniCPM4, with 0.5B parameters, trained on 1T tokens.
- MiniCPM4-8B-Eagle-FRSpec: Eagle head for FRSpec, accelerating speculative inference for MiniCPM4-8B.
- MiniCPM4-8B-Eagle-FRSpec-QAT-cpmcu: Eagle head trained with QAT for FRSpec, efficiently integrate speculation and quantization to achieve ultra acceleration for MiniCPM4-8B.
- MiniCPM4-8B-Eagle-vLLM: Eagle head in vLLM format, accelerating speculative inference for MiniCPM4-8B.
- MiniCPM4-8B-marlin-Eagle-vLLM: Quantized Eagle head for vLLM format, accelerating speculative inference for MiniCPM4-8B.
- BitCPM4-0.5B: Extreme ternary quantization applied to MiniCPM4-0.5B compresses model parameters into ternary values, achieving a 90% reduction in bit width.
- BitCPM4-1B: Extreme ternary quantization applied to MiniCPM3-1B compresses model parameters into ternary values, achieving a 90% reduction in bit width.
- MiniCPM4-Survey: Based on MiniCPM4-8B, accepts users' quiries as input and autonomously generate trustworthy, long-form survey papers.
- MiniCPM4-MCP: Based on MiniCPM4-8B, accepts users' queries and available MCP tools as input and autonomously calls relevant MCP tools to satisfy users' requirements.
- MiniCPM4-8B-GGUF: GGUF vesion of MiniCPM4-8B. (<-- you are here)
Introduction
MiniCPM 4 is an extremely efficient edge-side large model that has undergone efficient optimization across four dimensions: model architecture, learning algorithms, training data, and inference systems, achieving ultimate efficiency improvements.
🏗️ Efficient Model Architecture:
- InfLLM v2 -- Trainable Sparse Attention Mechanism: Adopts a trainable sparse attention mechanism architecture where each token only needs to compute relevance with less than 5% of tokens in 128K long text processing, significantly reducing computational overhead for long texts
🧠 Efficient Learning Algorithms:
- Model Wind Tunnel 2.0 -- Efficient Predictable Scaling: Introduces scaling prediction methods for performance of downstream tasks, enabling more precise model training configuration search
- BitCPM -- Ultimate Ternary Quantization: Compresses model parameter bit-width to 3 values, achieving 90% extreme model bit-width reduction
- Efficient Training Engineering Optimization: Adopts FP8 low-precision computing technology combined with Multi-token Prediction training strategy
📚 High-Quality Training Data:
- UltraClean -- High-quality Pre-training Data Filtering and Generation: Builds iterative data cleaning strategies based on efficient data verification, open-sourcing high-quality Chinese and English pre-training dataset UltraFinweb
- UltraChat v2 -- High-quality Supervised Fine-tuning Data Generation: Constructs large-scale high-quality supervised fine-tuning datasets covering multiple dimensions including knowledge-intensive data, reasoning-intensive data, instruction-following data, long text understanding data, and tool calling data
⚡ Efficient Inference System:
- CPM.cu -- Lightweight and Efficient CUDA Inference Framework: Integrates sparse attention, model quantization, and speculative sampling to achieve efficient prefilling and decoding
- ArkInfer -- Cross-platform Deployment System: Supports efficient deployment across multiple backend environments, providing flexible cross-platform adaptation capabilities
Usage
./llama-cli -c 1024 -m MiniCPM4-8B-Q4_K_M.gguf -n 1024 --top-p 0.7 --temp 0.7 --prompt "<|im_start|>user\n请写一篇关于人工智能的文章,详细介绍人工智能的未来发展和隐患。<|im_end|>\n<|im_start|>assistant\n"
Statement
- As a language model, MiniCPM generates content by learning from a vast amount of text.
- However, it does not possess the ability to comprehend or express personal opinions or value judgments.
- Any content generated by MiniCPM does not represent the viewpoints or positions of the model developers.
- Therefore, when using content generated by MiniCPM, users should take full responsibility for evaluating and verifying it on their own.
LICENSE
- This repository and MiniCPM models are released under the Apache-2.0 License.
Citation
- Please cite our paper if you find our work valuable.
@article{minicpm4,
title={{MiniCPM4}: Ultra-Efficient LLMs on End Devices},
author={MiniCPM Team},
year={2025}
}