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# ๐ค Accelerate๋ฅผ ํ์ฉํ ๋ถ์ฐ ํ์ต[[distributed-training-with-accelerate]] | |
๋ชจ๋ธ์ด ์ปค์ง๋ฉด์ ๋ณ๋ ฌ ์ฒ๋ฆฌ๋ ์ ํ๋ ํ๋์จ์ด์์ ๋ ํฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ ํ๋ จํ๊ณ ํ๋ จ ์๋๋ฅผ ๋ช ๋ฐฐ๋ก ๊ฐ์ํํ๊ธฐ ์ํ ์ ๋ต์ผ๋ก ๋ฑ์ฅํ์ต๋๋ค. Hugging Face์์๋ ์ฌ์ฉ์๊ฐ ํ๋์ ๋จธ์ ์ ์ฌ๋ฌ ๊ฐ์ GPU๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ฉํ๋ ์ฌ๋ฌ ๋จธ์ ์ ์ฌ๋ฌ ๊ฐ์ GPU๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ฉํ๋ ๋ชจ๋ ์ ํ์ ๋ถ์ฐ ์ค์ ์์ ๐ค Transformers ๋ชจ๋ธ์ ์ฝ๊ฒ ํ๋ จํ ์ ์๋๋ก ๋๊ธฐ ์ํด [๐ค Accelerate](https://huggingface.co/docs/accelerate) ๋ผ์ด๋ธ๋ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ค์์ต๋๋ค. ์ด ํํ ๋ฆฌ์ผ์์๋ ๋ถ์ฐ ํ๊ฒฝ์์ ํ๋ จํ ์ ์๋๋ก ๊ธฐ๋ณธ PyTorch ํ๋ จ ๋ฃจํ๋ฅผ ์ปค์คํฐ๋ง์ด์ฆํ๋ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ์ ์์๋ด ์๋ค. | |
## ์ค์ [[setup]] | |
๐ค Accelerate ์ค์น ์์ํ๊ธฐ: | |
```bash | |
pip install accelerate | |
``` | |
๊ทธ ๋ค์, [`~accelerate.Accelerator`] ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ถ๋ฌ์ค๊ณ ์์ฑํฉ๋๋ค. [`~accelerate.Accelerator`]๋ ์๋์ผ๋ก ๋ถ์ฐ ์ค์ ์ ํ์ ๊ฐ์งํ๊ณ ํ๋ จ์ ํ์ํ ๋ชจ๋ ๊ตฌ์ฑ ์์๋ฅผ ์ด๊ธฐํํฉ๋๋ค. ์ฅ์น์ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ ๋ช ์์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ฐฐ์นํ ํ์๋ ์์ต๋๋ค. | |
```py | |
>>> from accelerate import Accelerator | |
>>> accelerator = Accelerator() | |
``` | |
## ๊ฐ์ํ๋ฅผ ์ํ ์ค๋น[[prepare-to-accelerate]] | |
๋ค์ ๋จ๊ณ๋ ๊ด๋ จ๋ ๋ชจ๋ ํ๋ จ ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ [`~accelerate.Accelerator.prepare`] ๋ฉ์๋์ ์ ๋ฌํ๋ ๊ฒ์ ๋๋ค. ์ฌ๊ธฐ์๋ ํ๋ จ ๋ฐ ํ๊ฐ ๋ฐ์ดํฐ๋ก๋, ๋ชจ๋ธ ๋ฐ ์ตํฐ๋ง์ด์ ๊ฐ ํฌํจ๋ฉ๋๋ค: | |
```py | |
>>> train_dataloader, eval_dataloader, model, optimizer = accelerator.prepare( | |
... train_dataloader, eval_dataloader, model, optimizer | |
... ) | |
``` | |
## ๋ฐฑ์๋(Backward)[[backward]] | |
๋ง์ง๋ง์ผ๋ก ํ๋ จ ๋ฃจํ์ ์ผ๋ฐ์ ์ธ `loss.backward()`๋ฅผ ๐ค Accelerate์ [`~accelerate.Accelerator.backward`] ๋ฉ์๋๋ก ๋์ฒดํ๊ธฐ๋ง ํ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋๋ค: | |
```py | |
>>> for epoch in range(num_epochs): | |
... for batch in train_dataloader: | |
... outputs = model(**batch) | |
... loss = outputs.loss | |
... accelerator.backward(loss) | |
... optimizer.step() | |
... lr_scheduler.step() | |
... optimizer.zero_grad() | |
... progress_bar.update(1) | |
``` | |
๋ค์ ์ฝ๋์์ ๋ณผ ์ ์๋ฏ์ด, ํ๋ จ ๋ฃจํ์ ์ฝ๋ ๋ค ์ค๋ง ์ถ๊ฐํ๋ฉด ๋ถ์ฐ ํ์ต์ ํ์ฑํํ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค! | |
```diff | |
+ from accelerate import Accelerator | |
from transformers import AdamW, AutoModelForSequenceClassification, get_scheduler | |
+ accelerator = Accelerator() | |
model = AutoModelForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(checkpoint, num_labels=2) | |
optimizer = AdamW(model.parameters(), lr=3e-5) | |
- device = torch.device("cuda") if torch.cuda.is_available() else torch.device("cpu") | |
- model.to(device) | |
+ train_dataloader, eval_dataloader, model, optimizer = accelerator.prepare( | |
+ train_dataloader, eval_dataloader, model, optimizer | |
+ ) | |
num_epochs = 3 | |
num_training_steps = num_epochs * len(train_dataloader) | |
lr_scheduler = get_scheduler( | |
"linear", | |
optimizer=optimizer, | |
num_warmup_steps=0, | |
num_training_steps=num_training_steps | |
) | |
progress_bar = tqdm(range(num_training_steps)) | |
model.train() | |
for epoch in range(num_epochs): | |
for batch in train_dataloader: | |
- batch = {k: v.to(device) for k, v in batch.items()} | |
outputs = model(**batch) | |
loss = outputs.loss | |
- loss.backward() | |
+ accelerator.backward(loss) | |
optimizer.step() | |
lr_scheduler.step() | |
optimizer.zero_grad() | |
progress_bar.update(1) | |
``` | |
## ํ์ต[[train]] | |
๊ด๋ จ ์ฝ๋๋ฅผ ์ถ๊ฐํ ํ์๋ ์คํฌ๋ฆฝํธ๋ Colaboratory์ ๊ฐ์ ๋ ธํธ๋ถ์์ ํ๋ จ์ ์์ํ์ธ์. | |
### ์คํฌ๋ฆฝํธ๋ก ํ์ตํ๊ธฐ[[train-with-a-script]] | |
์คํฌ๋ฆฝํธ์์ ํ๋ จ์ ์คํํ๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ, ๋ค์ ๋ช ๋ น์ ์คํํ์ฌ ๊ตฌ์ฑ ํ์ผ์ ์์ฑํ๊ณ ์ ์ฅํฉ๋๋ค: | |
```bash | |
accelerate config | |
``` | |
Then launch your training with: | |
```bash | |
accelerate launch train.py | |
``` | |
### ๋ ธํธ๋ถ์ผ๋ก ํ์ตํ๊ธฐ[[train-with-a-notebook]] | |
Collaboratory์ TPU๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ฉํ๋ ค๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ, ๋ ธํธ๋ถ์์๋ ๐ค Accelerate๋ฅผ ์คํํ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค. ํ๋ จ์ ๋ด๋นํ๋ ๋ชจ๋ ์ฝ๋๋ฅผ ํจ์๋ก ๊ฐ์ธ์ [`~accelerate.notebook_launcher`]์ ์ ๋ฌํ์ธ์: | |
```py | |
>>> from accelerate import notebook_launcher | |
>>> notebook_launcher(training_function) | |
``` | |
๐ค Accelerate ๋ฐ ๋ค์ํ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ ๋ํ ์์ธํ ๋ด์ฉ์ [documentation](https://huggingface.co/docs/accelerate)๋ฅผ ์ฐธ์กฐํ์ธ์. |