app.py

import streamlit as st
import itertools as it
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import networkx as nx
import numpy as np
from operator import itemgetter

# Sidebar for selecting an option
sidebar_option = st.sidebar.radio("Select an option", 
                                 ["Select an option", "Basic: Properties", 
                                  "Basic: Read and write graphs", "Basic: Simple graph", 
                                  "Basic: Simple graph Directed", "Drawing: Custom Node Position",
                                  "Drawing: Cluster Layout", "Drawing: Degree Analysis",
                                  "Drawing: Ego Graph", "Drawing: Eigenvalues", "Drawing: Four Grids",
                                  "Drawing: House With Colors", "Drawing: Labels And Colors", 
                                  "Drawing: Multipartite Layout", "Drawing: Node Colormap",
                                  "Drawing: Rainbow Coloring", "Drawing: Random Geometric Graph","Drawing: Self-loops",
                                  "Drawing: Simple Path", "Drawing: Spectral Embedding"])

# Helper function to draw and display graph
def draw_graph(G, pos=None, title="Graph Visualization"):
    plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))
    nx.draw(G, pos=pos, with_labels=True, node_color='lightblue', node_size=500, font_size=10, font_weight='bold')
    st.pyplot(plt)

# Function to display Drawing: Spectral Embedding
def display_spectral_embedding():
    st.title("Drawing: Spectral Embedding")

    option = st.radio("Choose a graph type:", ("Default Example", "Create your own"))

    if option == "Default Example":
        # Default example of spectral embedding with a grid graph
        options = {"node_color": "C0", "node_size": 100}
        G = nx.grid_2d_graph(6, 6)

        fig, axs = plt.subplots(3, 3, figsize=(12, 12))
        axs = axs.flatten()
        for i in range(7):
            if i == 0:
                nx.draw_spectral(G, **options, ax=axs[i])
            elif i == 1:
                G.remove_edge((2, 2), (2, 3))
                nx.draw_spectral(G, **options, ax=axs[i])
            elif i == 2:
                G.remove_edge((3, 2), (3, 3))
                nx.draw_spectral(G, **options, ax=axs[i])
            elif i == 3:
                G.remove_edge((2, 2), (3, 2))
                nx.draw_spectral(G, **options, ax=axs[i])
            elif i == 4:
                G.remove_edge((2, 3), (3, 3))
                nx.draw_spectral(G, **options, ax=axs[i])
            elif i == 5:
                G.remove_edge((1, 2), (1, 3))
                nx.draw_spectral(G, **options, ax=axs[i])
            elif i == 6:
                G.remove_edge((4, 2), (4, 3))
                nx.draw_spectral(G, **options, ax=axs[i])

        st.pyplot(fig)

    elif option == "Create your own":
        # User can interactively modify the grid and see the results
        grid_size = st.slider("Choose grid size (n x n):", min_value=3, max_value=10, value=6)
        G_custom = nx.grid_2d_graph(grid_size, grid_size)

        # List all edges to allow removal
        all_edges = list(G_custom.edges)

        fig, axs = plt.subplots(3, 3, figsize=(12, 12))
        axs = axs.flatten()

        # Loop through each subplot and allow edge removal individually
        for i in range(7):
            selected_edges = st.multiselect(f"Select edges to remove for graph {i+1}:",
                                            options=[str(edge) for edge in all_edges])

            # Convert the selected edges from string to tuple
            edges_to_remove = [tuple(eval(edge)) for edge in selected_edges]

            # Remove the selected edges
            G_custom_copy = G_custom.copy()
            G_custom_copy.remove_edges_from(edges_to_remove)

            # Draw the graph with removed edges
            nx.draw_spectral(G_custom_copy, **{"node_color": "C0", "node_size": 100}, ax=axs[i])

        st.pyplot(fig)

# Display Drawing: Spectral Embedding if selected
if sidebar_option == "Drawing: Spectral Embedding":
    display_spectral_embedding()

# Function to display Drawing: Simple Path
def display_simple_path():
    st.title("Drawing: Simple Path")

    option = st.radio("Choose a graph type:", ("Default Example", "Create your own"))

    if option == "Default Example":
        # Default example of a simple path graph
        G = nx.path_graph(8)
        pos = nx.spring_layout(G, seed=47)  # Seed layout for reproducibility

        # Draw the graph
        nx.draw(G, pos=pos)
        st.pyplot(plt)

    elif option == "Create your own":
        # User can create their own path graph with a custom number of nodes
        num_nodes = st.number_input("Number of nodes in the path:", min_value=2, max_value=50, value=8)

        if st.button("Generate Graph"):
            # Generate a path graph with user-specified number of nodes
            G_custom = nx.path_graph(num_nodes)
            pos = nx.spring_layout(G_custom, seed=47)  # Seed layout for reproducibility

            # Draw the graph
            nx.draw(G_custom, pos=pos)
            st.pyplot(plt)

# Display Drawing: Simple Path if selected
if sidebar_option == "Drawing: Simple Path":
    display_simple_path()

# Function to display Drawing: Self-loops
def display_self_loops():
    st.title("Drawing: Self-loops")

    option = st.radio("Choose a graph type:", ("Default Example", "Create your own"))

    if option == "Default Example":
        # Default example of a graph with self-loops
        G = nx.complete_graph(3, create_using=nx.DiGraph)
        G.add_edge(0, 0)  # Add a self-loop to node 0
        pos = nx.circular_layout(G)

        # Draw the graph
        nx.draw(G, pos, with_labels=True)

        # Add self-loops to the remaining nodes
        edgelist = [(1, 1), (2, 2)]
        G.add_edges_from(edgelist)

        # Draw the newly added self-loops with different formatting
        nx.draw_networkx_edges(G, pos, edgelist=edgelist, arrowstyle="<|-", style="dashed")
        st.pyplot(plt)

    elif option == "Create your own":
        # User can create their own graph with self-loops
        num_nodes = st.number_input("Number of nodes:", min_value=2, max_value=20, value=3)
        add_self_loops = st.checkbox("Add self-loops to all nodes?", value=True)

        if st.button("Generate Graph"):
            # Generate a complete graph
            G = nx.complete_graph(num_nodes, create_using=nx.DiGraph)
            
            # Optionally add self-loops to all nodes
            if add_self_loops:
                for node in G.nodes():
                    G.add_edge(node, node)

            pos = nx.circular_layout(G)
            
            # Draw the graph with self-loops
            nx.draw(G, pos, with_labels=True)

            # Style self-loops differently
            edgelist = [(node, node) for node in G.nodes()]
            nx.draw_networkx_edges(G, pos, edgelist=edgelist, arrowstyle="<|-", style="dashed")
            st.pyplot(plt)

# Display Drawing: Self-loops if selected
if sidebar_option == "Drawing: Self-loops":
    display_self_loops()

# Function to display Drawing: Random Geometric Graph
def display_random_geometric_graph():
    st.title("Drawing: Random Geometric Graph")

    option = st.radio("Choose a graph type:", ("Default Example", "Create your own"))

    if option == "Default Example":
        # Default random geometric graph example
        G = nx.random_geometric_graph(200, 0.125, seed=896803)
        pos = nx.get_node_attributes(G, "pos")

        # Find node near the center (0.5, 0.5)
        dmin = 1
        ncenter = 0
        for n in pos:
            x, y = pos[n]
            d = (x - 0.5) ** 2 + (y - 0.5) ** 2
            if d < dmin:
                ncenter = n
                dmin = d

        # Color by path length from node near center
        p = dict(nx.single_source_shortest_path_length(G, ncenter))

        plt.figure(figsize=(8, 8))
        nx.draw_networkx_edges(G, pos, alpha=0.4)
        nx.draw_networkx_nodes(
            G,
            pos,
            nodelist=list(p.keys()),
            node_size=80,
            node_color=list(p.values()),
            cmap=plt.cm.Reds_r,
        )

        plt.xlim(-0.05, 1.05)
        plt.ylim(-0.05, 1.05)
        plt.axis("off")
        st.pyplot(plt)

    elif option == "Create your own":
        # User can create their own random geometric graph
        num_nodes = st.number_input("Number of nodes:", min_value=2, max_value=500, value=200)
        distance = st.slider("Edge distance threshold (between 0 and 1):", 0.01, 1.0, 0.125)

        if st.button("Generate Graph"):
            # Generate the graph with user input
            G = nx.random_geometric_graph(num_nodes, distance, seed=896803)
            pos = nx.get_node_attributes(G, "pos")

            # Find node near the center (0.5, 0.5)
            dmin = 1
            ncenter = 0
            for n in pos:
                x, y = pos[n]
                d = (x - 0.5) ** 2 + (y - 0.5) ** 2
                if d < dmin:
                    ncenter = n
                    dmin = d

            # Color by path length from node near center
            p = dict(nx.single_source_shortest_path_length(G, ncenter))

            plt.figure(figsize=(8, 8))
            nx.draw_networkx_edges(G, pos, alpha=0.4)
            nx.draw_networkx_nodes(
                G,
                pos,
                nodelist=list(p.keys()),
                node_size=80,
                node_color=list(p.values()),
                cmap=plt.cm.Reds_r,
            )

            plt.xlim(-0.05, 1.05)
            plt.ylim(-0.05, 1.05)
            plt.axis("off")
            st.pyplot(plt)

# Display Drawing: Random Geometric Graph if selected
if sidebar_option == "Drawing: Random Geometric Graph":
    display_random_geometric_graph()

# Function to display Drawing: Rainbow Coloring
def display_rainbow_coloring():
    st.title("Drawing: Rainbow Coloring")

    option = st.radio("Choose a graph type:", ("Default Example", "Create your own"))

    if option == "Default Example":
        # Rainbow Coloring with default parameters
        node_dist_to_color = {
            1: "tab:red",
            2: "tab:orange",
            3: "tab:olive",
            4: "tab:green",
            5: "tab:blue",
            6: "tab:purple",
        }

        nnodes = 13
        G = nx.complete_graph(nnodes)

        n = (nnodes - 1) // 2
        ndist_iter = list(range(1, n + 1))
        ndist_iter += ndist_iter[::-1]

        def cycle(nlist, n):
            return nlist[-n:] + nlist[:-n]

        nodes = list(G.nodes())
        for i, nd in enumerate(ndist_iter):
            for u, v in zip(nodes, cycle(nodes, i + 1)):
                G[u][v]["color"] = node_dist_to_color[nd]

        pos = nx.circular_layout(G)
        # Create a figure with 1:1 aspect ratio to preserve the circle.
        fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 8))
        node_opts = {"node_size": 500, "node_color": "w", "edgecolors": "k", "linewidths": 2.0}
        nx.draw_networkx_nodes(G, pos, **node_opts)
        nx.draw_networkx_labels(G, pos, font_size=14)
        # Extract color from edge data
        edge_colors = [edgedata["color"] for _, _, edgedata in G.edges(data=True)]
        nx.draw_networkx_edges(G, pos, width=2.0, edge_color=edge_colors)

        ax.set_axis_off()
        fig.tight_layout()
        st.pyplot(plt)

    elif option == "Create your own":
        nnodes = st.number_input("Number of nodes (max=14):", min_value=2, max_value=50, value=13)
        
        # Allow users to create their own color map
        red = st.color_picker("Select a color for Red (1)", "#ff0000")
        orange = st.color_picker("Select a color for Orange (2)", "#ff7f00")
        olive = st.color_picker("Select a color for Olive (3)", "#808000")
        green = st.color_picker("Select a color for Green (4)", "#008000")
        blue = st.color_picker("Select a color for Blue (5)", "#0000ff")
        purple = st.color_picker("Select a color for Purple (6)", "#800080")
        
        node_dist_to_color = {
            1: red,
            2: orange,
            3: olive,
            4: green,
            5: blue,
            6: purple,
        }

        if st.button("Generate Graph"):
            G = nx.complete_graph(nnodes)

            n = (nnodes - 1) // 2
            ndist_iter = list(range(1, n + 1))
            ndist_iter += ndist_iter[::-1]

            def cycle(nlist, n):
                return nlist[-n:] + nlist[:-n]

            nodes = list(G.nodes())
            for i, nd in enumerate(ndist_iter):
                for u, v in zip(nodes, cycle(nodes, i + 1)):
                    G[u][v]["color"] = node_dist_to_color[nd]

            pos = nx.circular_layout(G)
            # Create a figure with 1:1 aspect ratio to preserve the circle.
            fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8, 8))
            node_opts = {"node_size": 500, "node_color": "w", "edgecolors": "k", "linewidths": 2.0}
            nx.draw_networkx_nodes(G, pos, **node_opts)
            nx.draw_networkx_labels(G, pos, font_size=14)
            # Extract color from edge data
            edge_colors = [edgedata["color"] for _, _, edgedata in G.edges(data=True)]
            nx.draw_networkx_edges(G, pos, width=2.0, edge_color=edge_colors)

            ax.set_axis_off()
            fig.tight_layout()
            st.pyplot(plt)

# Display Drawing: Rainbow Coloring if selected
if sidebar_option == "Drawing: Rainbow Coloring":
    display_rainbow_coloring()

# Function to display Drawing: Node Colormap
def display_node_colormap():
    st.title("Drawing: Node Colormap")

    option = st.radio("Choose a graph type:", ("Default Example", "Create your own"))

    if option == "Default Example":
        G = nx.cycle_graph(24)
        pos = nx.circular_layout(G)
        nx.draw(G, pos, node_color=range(24), node_size=800, cmap=plt.cm.Blues)
        st.pyplot(plt)

    elif option == "Create your own":
        num_nodes = st.number_input("Number of nodes:", min_value=2, max_value=100, value=24)
        color_map = st.selectbox("Select a colormap:", plt.colormaps(), index=plt.colormaps().index('Blues'))

        if st.button("Generate Graph"):
            # Create cycle graph with custom number of nodes
            G_custom = nx.cycle_graph(num_nodes)
            pos = nx.circular_layout(G_custom)
            nx.draw(G_custom, pos, node_color=range(num_nodes), node_size=800, cmap=plt.get_cmap(color_map))
            st.pyplot(plt)

# Display Drawing: Node Colormap if selected
if sidebar_option == "Drawing: Node Colormap":
    display_node_colormap()

# Function to create a multipartite graph
def multilayered_graph(*subset_sizes):
    G = nx.Graph()
    layers = len(subset_sizes)
    node_id = 0

    # Create nodes for each subset and add edges between nodes in adjacent layers
    for i, size in enumerate(subset_sizes):
        for j in range(size):
            G.add_node(node_id, layer=i)  # Assign a layer attribute
            node_id += 1

    # Add edges between nodes in adjacent layers
    node_ids = list(G.nodes())
    for i in range(layers - 1):
        layer_nodes = [node for node in node_ids if G.nodes[node]["layer"] == i]
        next_layer_nodes = [node for node in node_ids if G.nodes[node]["layer"] == i + 1]
        for node in layer_nodes:
            for next_node in next_layer_nodes:
                G.add_edge(node, next_node)

    return G

# Function to display Multipartite Layout
def display_multipartite_layout():
    st.title("Drawing: Multipartite Layout")

    option = st.radio("Choose a graph type:", ("Default Example", "Create your own"))

    if option == "Default Example":
        subset_sizes = [5, 5, 4, 3, 2, 4, 4, 3]
        subset_color = [
            "gold", "violet", "violet", "violet", "violet", 
            "limegreen", "limegreen", "darkorange"
        ]
        
        # Generate and plot multipartite graph
        G = multilayered_graph(*subset_sizes)
        color = [subset_color[data["layer"]] for v, data in G.nodes(data=True)]
        pos = nx.multipartite_layout(G, subset_key="layer")
        
        plt.figure(figsize=(8, 8))
        nx.draw(G, pos, node_color=color, with_labels=False)
        plt.axis("equal")
        st.pyplot(plt)

    elif option == "Create your own":
        # Let the user input the subset sizes and colors
        st.write("Enter the subset sizes and colors to create your own multipartite graph.")

        subset_sizes_input = st.text_area("Enter subset sizes (comma-separated, e.g., 5,5,4,3):", value="5,5,4,3,2,4,4,3")
        subset_sizes = list(map(int, subset_sizes_input.split(',')))

        subset_colors_input = st.text_area("Enter subset colors (comma-separated, e.g., gold,violet,green):", value="gold,violet,violet,violet,violet,limegreen,limegreen,darkorange")
        subset_colors = subset_colors_input.split(',')

        # Check if the number of colors matches the number of subsets
        if len(subset_sizes) != len(subset_colors):
            st.error("The number of colors should match the number of subsets.")
        else:
            # Add a button to generate the graph
            if st.button("Generate Graph"):
                # Generate and plot multipartite graph
                G = multilayered_graph(*subset_sizes)
                color = [subset_colors[data["layer"]] for v, data in G.nodes(data=True)]
                pos = nx.multipartite_layout(G, subset_key="layer")
                
                plt.figure(figsize=(8, 8))
                nx.draw(G, pos, node_color=color, with_labels=False)
                plt.axis("equal")
                st.pyplot(plt)

# Display Drawing: Multipartite Layout if selected
if sidebar_option == "Drawing: Multipartite Layout":
    display_multipartite_layout()

# Function to display Labels and Colors
def display_labels_and_colors():
    st.title("Drawing: Labels And Colors")

    option = st.radio("Choose a graph type:", ("Default Example", "Create your own"))

    if option == "Default Example":
        # Create a cubical graph
        G = nx.cubical_graph()
        pos = nx.spring_layout(G, seed=3113794652)  # positions for all nodes

        # Draw nodes with different colors
        options = {"edgecolors": "tab:gray", "node_size": 800, "alpha": 0.9}
        nx.draw_networkx_nodes(G, pos, nodelist=[0, 1, 2, 3], node_color="tab:red", **options)
        nx.draw_networkx_nodes(G, pos, nodelist=[4, 5, 6, 7], node_color="tab:blue", **options)

        # Draw edges
        nx.draw_networkx_edges(G, pos, width=1.0, alpha=0.5)
        nx.draw_networkx_edges(
            G,
            pos,
            edgelist=[(0, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 0)],
            width=8,
            alpha=0.5,
            edge_color="tab:red",
        )
        nx.draw_networkx_edges(
            G,
            pos,
            edgelist=[(4, 5), (5, 6), (6, 7), (7, 4)],
            width=8,
            alpha=0.5,
            edge_color="tab:blue",
        )

        # Add labels for nodes
        labels = {0: r"$a$", 1: r"$b$", 2: r"$c$", 3: r"$d$", 4: r"$\alpha$", 5: r"$\beta$", 6: r"$\gamma$", 7: r"$\delta$"}
        nx.draw_networkx_labels(G, pos, labels, font_size=22, font_color="whitesmoke")

        plt.tight_layout()
        plt.axis("off")
        st.pyplot(plt)

    elif option == "Create your own":
        # Let the user input the nodes and edges of the graph
        st.write("Enter the nodes and edges to create your own labeled graph.")

        nodes = st.text_area("Enter node labels (comma-separated, e.g., a,b,c,d):", value="a,b,c,d")
        node_labels = nodes.split(',')

        edges = st.text_area("Enter edges (format: node1-node2, comma-separated, e.g., a-b,b-c):", value="a-b,b-c,c-d")
        edge_list = [tuple(edge.split('-')) for edge in edges.split(',')]

        # Let user choose colors for nodes and edges
        node_color = st.color_picker("Pick a color for nodes:", "#FF6347")
        edge_color = st.color_picker("Pick a color for edges:", "#4682B4")

        # Add a button to generate the graph
        if st.button("Generate Graph"):
            # Generate graph based on user input
            G_custom = nx.Graph()
            G_custom.add_nodes_from(node_labels)
            G_custom.add_edges_from(edge_list)

            # Generate layout for the nodes
            pos_custom = nx.spring_layout(G_custom)

            # Draw the graph
            nx.draw_networkx_nodes(G_custom, pos_custom, node_color=node_color, node_size=800, edgecolors="gray", alpha=0.9)
            nx.draw_networkx_edges(G_custom, pos_custom, edge_color=edge_color, width=2, alpha=0.7)

            # Create custom labels
            custom_labels = {node: f"${node}$" for node in node_labels}
            nx.draw_networkx_labels(G_custom, pos_custom, labels=custom_labels, font_size=22, font_color="whitesmoke")

            plt.tight_layout()
            plt.axis("off")
            st.pyplot(plt)

# Display Drawing: Labels And Colors if selected
if sidebar_option == "Drawing: Labels And Colors":
    display_labels_and_colors()

# Function to display Drawing: House With Colors
def display_house_with_colors():
    st.title("Drawing: House With Colors")

    option = st.radio("Choose a graph type:", ("Default Example", "Create your own"))

    if option == "Default Example":
        # Create the house graph and explicitly set positions
        G = nx.house_graph()
        pos = {0: (0, 0), 1: (1, 0), 2: (0, 1), 3: (1, 1), 4: (0.5, 2.0)}

        # Plot nodes with different properties for the "wall" and "roof" nodes
        nx.draw_networkx_nodes(G, pos, node_size=3000, nodelist=[0, 1, 2, 3], node_color="tab:blue")
        nx.draw_networkx_nodes(G, pos, node_size=2000, nodelist=[4], node_color="tab:orange")
        nx.draw_networkx_edges(G, pos, alpha=0.5, width=6)
        
        # Customize axes
        ax = plt.gca()
        ax.margins(0.11)
        plt.tight_layout()
        plt.axis("off")
        st.pyplot(plt)

    elif option == "Create your own":
        # Allow the user to specify node positions and colors
        st.write("Specify positions for the house graph nodes.")

        positions = {}
        for i in range(5):
            x = st.number_input(f"X-coordinate for node {i}:", min_value=-10.0, max_value=10.0, value=0.0, step=0.1)
            y = st.number_input(f"Y-coordinate for node {i}:", min_value=-10.0, max_value=10.0, value=0.0, step=0.1)
            
            positions[i] = (x, y)

        # Allow the user to specify colors for wall and roof nodes
        wall_color = st.color_picker("Wall color:", "#0000FF")
        roof_color = st.color_picker("Roof color:", "#FFA500")

        if st.button("Generate"):
            # Create the house graph with the specified positions
            G_custom = nx.house_graph()

            # Plot nodes with user-defined properties for wall and roof nodes
            nx.draw_networkx_nodes(G_custom, positions, node_size=3000, nodelist=[0, 1, 2, 3], node_color=wall_color)
            nx.draw_networkx_nodes(G_custom, positions, node_size=2000, nodelist=[4], node_color=roof_color)
            nx.draw_networkx_edges(G_custom, positions, alpha=0.5, width=6)

            # Customize axes
            ax = plt.gca()
            ax.margins(0.11)
            plt.tight_layout()
            plt.axis("off")
            st.pyplot(plt)

# Display Drawing: House With Colors if selected
if sidebar_option == "Drawing: House With Colors":
    display_house_with_colors()

# Function to display Four Grids visualization for Drawing: Four Grids
def display_four_grids():
    st.title("Drawing: Four Grids")

    option = st.radio("Choose a graph type:", ("Default Example", "Create your own"))

    if option == "Default Example":
        # Generate a 4x4 grid graph
        G = nx.grid_2d_graph(4, 4)  # 4x4 grid
        pos = nx.spring_layout(G, iterations=100, seed=39775)

        # Create a 2x2 subplot
        fig, all_axes = plt.subplots(2, 2)
        ax = all_axes.flat

        # Draw graphs in 4 different styles
        nx.draw(G, pos, ax=ax[0], font_size=8)
        nx.draw(G, pos, ax=ax[1], node_size=0, with_labels=False)
        nx.draw(
            G,
            pos,
            ax=ax[2],
            node_color="tab:green",
            edgecolors="tab:gray",  # Node surface color
            edge_color="tab:gray",  # Color of graph edges
            node_size=250,
            with_labels=False,
            width=6,
        )
        H = G.to_directed()
        nx.draw(
            H,
            pos,
            ax=ax[3],
            node_color="tab:orange",
            node_size=20,
            with_labels=False,
            arrowsize=10,
            width=2,
        )

        # Set margins for the axes so that nodes aren't clipped
        for a in ax:
            a.margins(0.10)
        fig.tight_layout()
        st.pyplot(fig)

    elif option == "Create your own":
        # Allow the user to customize the grid dimensions
        rows = st.number_input("Number of rows:", min_value=2, max_value=20, value=4)
        cols = st.number_input("Number of columns:", min_value=2, max_value=20, value=4)

        if st.button("Generate"):
            # Generate a custom grid graph
            G_custom = nx.grid_2d_graph(rows, cols)  # Create the grid graph
            pos = nx.spring_layout(G_custom, iterations=100, seed=39775)

            # Create a 2x2 subplot
            fig, all_axes = plt.subplots(2, 2)
            ax = all_axes.flat

            # Draw graphs in 4 different styles
            nx.draw(G_custom, pos, ax=ax[0], font_size=8)
            nx.draw(G_custom, pos, ax=ax[1], node_size=0, with_labels=False)
            nx.draw(
                G_custom,
                pos,
                ax=ax[2],
                node_color="tab:green",
                edgecolors="tab:gray",  # Node surface color
                edge_color="tab:gray",  # Color of graph edges
                node_size=250,
                with_labels=False,
                width=6,
            )
            H = G_custom.to_directed()
            nx.draw(
                H,
                pos,
                ax=ax[3],
                node_color="tab:orange",
                node_size=20,
                with_labels=False,
                arrowsize=10,
                width=2,
            )

            # Set margins for the axes so that nodes aren't clipped
            for a in ax:
                a.margins(0.10)
            fig.tight_layout()
            st.pyplot(fig)

# Display Drawing: Four Grids if selected
if sidebar_option == "Drawing: Four Grids":
    display_four_grids()

# Function to display Eigenvalue analysis for Drawing: Eigenvalues
def display_eigenvalue_analysis():
    st.title("Drawing: Eigenvalues")

    option = st.radio("Choose a graph type:", ("Default Example", "Create your own"))

    if option == "Default Example":
        # Generate random graph with 1000 nodes and 5000 edges
        n = 1000
        m = 5000
        G = nx.gnm_random_graph(n, m, seed=5040)  # Seed for reproducibility

        # Calculate the normalized Laplacian matrix
        L = nx.normalized_laplacian_matrix(G)
        eigenvalues = np.linalg.eigvals(L.toarray())

        # Print largest and smallest eigenvalues
        st.write(f"Largest eigenvalue: {max(eigenvalues)}")
        st.write(f"Smallest eigenvalue: {min(eigenvalues)}")

        # Display the histogram of eigenvalues
        st.write("### Eigenvalue Histogram")
        plt.hist(eigenvalues, bins=100)
        plt.xlim(0, 2)  # Eigenvalues between 0 and 2
        st.pyplot(plt)

    elif option == "Create your own":
        # Allow the user to customize the number of nodes and edges
        n_nodes = st.number_input("Number of nodes:", min_value=2, max_value=1000, value=100)
        m_edges = st.number_input("Number of edges:", min_value=1, max_value=n_nodes*(n_nodes-1)//2, value=500)

        if st.button("Generate"):
            # Generate a random graph with the custom number of nodes and edges
            G_custom = nx.gnm_random_graph(n_nodes, m_edges, seed=5040)  # Seed for reproducibility

            # Calculate the normalized Laplacian matrix
            L = nx.normalized_laplacian_matrix(G_custom)
            eigenvalues = np.linalg.eigvals(L.toarray())

            # Print largest and smallest eigenvalues
            st.write(f"Largest eigenvalue: {max(eigenvalues)}")
            st.write(f"Smallest eigenvalue: {min(eigenvalues)}")

            # Display the histogram of eigenvalues
            st.write("### Eigenvalue Histogram")
            plt.hist(eigenvalues, bins=100)
            plt.xlim(0, 2)  # Eigenvalues between 0 and 2
            st.pyplot(plt)

# Display Drawing: Eigenvalues if selected
if sidebar_option == "Drawing: Eigenvalues":
    display_eigenvalue_analysis()

# Function to display properties and graph for Basic: Properties
def display_graph_properties(G):
    pathlengths = []
    st.write("### Source vertex {target:length, }")
    for v in G.nodes():
        spl = dict(nx.single_source_shortest_path_length(G, v))
        st.write(f"Vertex {v}: {spl}")
        for p in spl:
            pathlengths.append(spl[p])

    avg_path_length = sum(pathlengths) / len(pathlengths)
    st.write(f"### Average shortest path length: {avg_path_length}")

    dist = {}
    for p in pathlengths:
        dist[p] = dist.get(p, 0) + 1
    st.write("### Length #paths")
    for d in sorted(dist.keys()):
        st.write(f"Length {d}: {dist[d]} paths")

    st.write("### Properties")
    st.write(f"Radius: {nx.radius(G)}")
    st.write(f"Diameter: {nx.diameter(G)}")
    st.write(f"Eccentricity: {nx.eccentricity(G)}")
    st.write(f"Center: {nx.center(G)}")
    st.write(f"Periphery: {nx.periphery(G)}")
    st.write(f"Density: {nx.density(G)}")

    # Visualize the graph
    st.write("### Graph Visualization")
    pos = nx.spring_layout(G, seed=3068)  # Seed layout for reproducibility
    draw_graph(G, pos)

# Function to display graph for Basic: Read and write graphs
def display_read_write_graph(G):
    st.write("### Adjacency List:")
    for line in nx.generate_adjlist(G):
        st.write(line)
    
    # Write the graph's edge list to a file
    st.write("### Writing Edge List to 'grid.edgelist' file:")
    nx.write_edgelist(G, path="grid.edgelist", delimiter=":")  # Save edge list
    st.write("Edge list written to 'grid.edgelist'")

    # Read the graph from the edge list
    st.write("### Reading Edge List from 'grid.edgelist' file:")
    H = nx.read_edgelist(path="grid.edgelist", delimiter=":")
    st.write("Edge list read into graph H")

    # Visualize the graph
    st.write("### Graph Visualization:")
    pos = nx.spring_layout(H, seed=200)  # Seed for reproducibility
    draw_graph(H, pos)

# Function to display Simple Graphs for Basic: Simple graph
def display_simple_graph(G, pos=None):
    options = {
        "font_size": 36,
        "node_size": 3000,
        "node_color": "white",
        "edgecolors": "black",
        "linewidths": 5,
        "width": 5,
    }
    
    # Draw the network
    nx.draw_networkx(G, pos, **options)

    # Set margins for the axes so that nodes aren't clipped
    ax = plt.gca()
    ax.margins(0.20)
    plt.axis("off")
    st.pyplot(plt)

# Function to display Simple Directed Graphs for Basic: Simple graph Directed
def display_simple_directed_graph(G, pos=None):
    options = {
        "node_size": 500,
        "node_color": "lightblue",
        "arrowsize": 20,
        "width": 2,
        "edge_color": "gray",
    }
    
    # Draw the directed graph with the given positions and options
    nx.draw_networkx(G, pos, **options)

    # Set margins for the axes so that nodes aren't clipped
    ax = plt.gca()
    ax.margins(0.20)
    plt.axis("off")
    st.pyplot(plt)

# Function to display Custom Node Position Graphs for Drawing: Custom Node Position
def display_custom_node_position():
    st.title("Drawing: Custom Node Position")
    
    # Default example graph (path graph with custom node position)
    G = nx.path_graph(20)
    center_node = 5
    edge_nodes = set(G) - {center_node}
    
    # Ensure the nodes around the circle are evenly distributed
    pos = nx.circular_layout(G.subgraph(edge_nodes))
    pos[center_node] = np.array([0, 0])  # Manually specify node position
    
    # Draw the graph
    draw_graph(G, pos)

# Function to display Cluster Layout for Drawing: Cluster Layout
def display_cluster_layout():
    st.title("Drawing: Cluster Layout")

    G = nx.davis_southern_women_graph()  # Example graph
    communities = nx.community.greedy_modularity_communities(G)

    # Compute positions for the node clusters as if they were themselves nodes in a supergraph using a larger scale factor
    supergraph = nx.cycle_graph(len(communities))
    superpos = nx.spring_layout(G, scale=50, seed=429)

    # Use the "supernode" positions as the center of each node cluster
    centers = list(superpos.values())
    pos = {}
    for center, comm in zip(centers, communities):
        pos.update(nx.spring_layout(nx.subgraph(G, comm), center=center, seed=1430))

        # Nodes colored by cluster
    for nodes, clr in zip(communities, ("tab:blue", "tab:orange", "tab:green")):
        nx.draw_networkx_nodes(G, pos=pos, nodelist=nodes, node_color=clr, node_size=100)
    nx.draw_networkx_edges(G, pos=pos)

    plt.tight_layout()
    st.pyplot(plt)

# Function to display Degree Analysis for Drawing: Degree Analysis
def display_degree_analysis():
    st.title("Drawing: Degree Analysis")

    option = st.radio("Choose a graph type:", ("Default Example", "Create your own"))

    if option == "Default Example":
        G = nx.gnp_random_graph(100, 0.02, seed=10374196)
        
        degree_sequence = sorted((d for n, d in G.degree()), reverse=True)
        dmax = max(degree_sequence)

        fig = plt.figure("Degree of a random graph", figsize=(8, 8))
        # Create a gridspec for adding subplots of different sizes
        axgrid = fig.add_gridspec(5, 4)

        ax0 = fig.add_subplot(axgrid[0:3, :])
        Gcc = G.subgraph(sorted(nx.connected_components(G), key=len, reverse=True)[0])
        pos = nx.spring_layout(Gcc, seed=10396953)
        nx.draw_networkx_nodes(Gcc, pos, ax=ax0, node_size=20)
        nx.draw_networkx_edges(Gcc, pos, ax=ax0, alpha=0.4)
        ax0.set_title("Connected components of G")
        ax0.set_axis_off()

        ax1 = fig.add_subplot(axgrid[3:, :2])
        ax1.plot(degree_sequence, "b-", marker="o")
        ax1.set_title("Degree Rank Plot")
        ax1.set_ylabel("Degree")
        ax1.set_xlabel("Rank")

        ax2 = fig.add_subplot(axgrid[3:, 2:])
        ax2.bar(*np.unique(degree_sequence, return_counts=True))
        ax2.set_title("Degree histogram")
        ax2.set_xlabel("Degree")
        ax2.set_ylabel("# of Nodes")

        fig.tight_layout()
        st.pyplot(fig)

    elif option == "Create your own":
        n_nodes = st.number_input("Number of nodes:", min_value=2, max_value=500, value=100)
        p_edge = st.slider("Edge probability:", min_value=0.0, max_value=1.0, value=0.02)
        
        if st.button("Generate"):
            if n_nodes >= 2:
                G_custom = nx.gnp_random_graph(n_nodes, p_edge, seed=10374196)
                degree_sequence = sorted((d for n, d in G_custom.degree()), reverse=True)
                dmax = max(degree_sequence)

                fig = plt.figure("Degree of a random graph", figsize=(8, 8))
                # Create a gridspec for adding subplots of different sizes
                axgrid = fig.add_gridspec(5, 4)

                ax0 = fig.add_subplot(axgrid[0:3, :])
                Gcc = G_custom.subgraph(sorted(nx.connected_components(G_custom), key=len, reverse=True)[0])
                pos = nx.spring_layout(Gcc, seed=10396953)
                nx.draw_networkx_nodes(Gcc, pos, ax=ax0, node_size=20)
                nx.draw_networkx_edges(Gcc, pos, ax=ax0, alpha=0.4)
                ax0.set_title("Connected components of G")
                ax0.set_axis_off()

                ax1 = fig.add_subplot(axgrid[3:, :2])
                ax1.plot(degree_sequence, "b-", marker="o")
                ax1.set_title("Degree Rank Plot")
                ax1.set_ylabel("Degree")
                ax1.set_xlabel("Rank")

                ax2 = fig.add_subplot(axgrid[3:, 2:])
                ax2.bar(*np.unique(degree_sequence, return_counts=True))
                ax2.set_title("Degree histogram")
                ax2.set_xlabel("Degree")
                ax2.set_ylabel("# of Nodes")

                fig.tight_layout()
                st.pyplot(fig)

# Function to display Ego Graph for Drawing: Ego Graph
def display_ego_graph():
    st.title("Drawing: Ego Graph")

    option = st.radio("Choose a graph type:", ("Default Example", "Create your own"))

    if option == "Default Example":
        # Create a BA model graph - use seed for reproducibility
        n = 1000
        m = 2
        seed = 20532
        G = nx.barabasi_albert_graph(n, m, seed=seed)

        # Find node with largest degree
        node_and_degree = G.degree()
        (largest_hub, degree) = sorted(node_and_degree, key=itemgetter(1))[-1]

        # Create ego graph of main hub
        hub_ego = nx.ego_graph(G, largest_hub)

        # Draw graph
        pos = nx.spring_layout(hub_ego, seed=seed)  # Seed layout for reproducibility
        nx.draw(hub_ego, pos, node_color="b", node_size=50, with_labels=False)

        # Draw ego as large and red
        options = {"node_size": 300, "node_color": "r"}
        nx.draw_networkx_nodes(hub_ego, pos, nodelist=[largest_hub], **options)
        plt.tight_layout()
        st.pyplot(plt)

    elif option == "Create your own":
        n_nodes = st.number_input("Number of nodes:", min_value=2, max_value=1000, value=100)
        m_edges = st.number_input("Edges per node:", min_value=1, max_value=10, value=2)

        if st.button("Generate"):
            if n_nodes >= 2:
                G_custom = nx.barabasi_albert_graph(n_nodes, m_edges, seed=20532)

                # Find node with largest degree
                node_and_degree = G_custom.degree()
                (largest_hub, degree) = sorted(node_and_degree, key=itemgetter(1))[-1]

                # Create ego graph of main hub
                hub_ego = nx.ego_graph(G_custom, largest_hub)

                # Draw graph
                pos = nx.spring_layout(hub_ego, seed=20532)  # Seed layout for reproducibility
                nx.draw(hub_ego, pos, node_color="b", node_size=50, with_labels=False)

                # Draw ego as large and red
                options = {"node_size": 300, "node_color": "r"}
                nx.draw_networkx_nodes(hub_ego, pos, nodelist=[largest_hub], **options)
                plt.tight_layout()
                st.pyplot(plt)

# Display Drawing: Ego Graph if selected
if sidebar_option == "Drawing: Ego Graph":
    display_ego_graph()

# Display Basic: Properties if selected
elif sidebar_option == "Basic: Properties":
    st.title("Basic: Properties")
    option = st.radio("Choose a graph type:", ("Default Example", "Create your own"))

    if option == "Default Example":
        G = nx.lollipop_graph(4, 6)
        display_graph_properties(G)

    elif option == "Create your own":
        num_nodes = st.number_input("Number of nodes:", min_value=2, max_value=50, value=5)
        num_edges = st.number_input("Number of edges per group (for lollipop graph):", min_value=1, max_value=10, value=3)

        if st.button("Generate"):
            if num_nodes >= 2 and num_edges >= 1:
                G_custom = nx.lollipop_graph(num_nodes, num_edges)
                display_graph_properties(G_custom)

# Display Basic: Read and write graphs if selected
elif sidebar_option == "Basic: Read and write graphs":
    st.title("Basic: Read and write graphs")
    option = st.radio("Choose a graph type:", ("Default Example", "Create your own"))

    if option == "Default Example":
        G = nx.grid_2d_graph(5, 5)
        display_read_write_graph(G)

    elif option == "Create your own":
        rows = st.number_input("Number of rows:", min_value=2, max_value=20, value=5)
        cols = st.number_input("Number of columns:", min_value=2, max_value=20, value=5)

        if st.button("Generate"):
            if rows >= 2 and cols >= 2:
                G_custom = nx.grid_2d_graph(rows, cols)
                display_read_write_graph(G_custom)

# Display Basic: Simple Graph if selected
elif sidebar_option == "Basic: Simple graph":
    st.title("Basic: Simple graph")
    option = st.radio("Choose a graph type:", ("Default Example", "Create your own"))

    if option == "Default Example":
        G = nx.Graph()
        G.add_edge(1, 2)
        G.add_edge(1, 3)
        G.add_edge(1, 5)
        G.add_edge(2, 3)
        G.add_edge(3, 4)
        G.add_edge(4, 5)

        pos = {1: (0, 0), 2: (-1, 0.3), 3: (2, 0.17), 4: (4, 0.255), 5: (5, 0.03)}
        display_simple_graph(G, pos)

    elif option == "Create your own":
        edges = []
        edge_input = st.text_area("Edges:", value="1,2\n1,3\n2,3")
        if edge_input:
            edge_list = edge_input.split("\n")
            for edge in edge_list:
                u, v = map(int, edge.split(","))
                edges.append((u, v))

        if st.button("Generate"):
            G_custom = nx.Graph()
            G_custom.add_edges_from(edges)
            pos = nx.spring_layout(G_custom, seed=42)
            display_simple_graph(G_custom, pos)

# Display Basic: Simple Directed Graph if selected
elif sidebar_option == "Basic: Simple graph Directed":
    st.title("Basic: Simple graph Directed")
    option = st.radio("Choose a graph type:", ("Default Example", "Create your own"))

    if option == "Default Example":
        G = nx.DiGraph([(0, 3), (1, 3), (2, 4), (3, 5), (3, 6), (4, 6), (5, 6)])

        left_nodes = [0, 1, 2]
        middle_nodes = [3, 4]
        right_nodes = [5, 6]

        pos = {n: (0, i) for i, n in enumerate(left_nodes)}
        pos.update({n: (1, i + 0.5) for i, n in enumerate(middle_nodes)})
        pos.update({n: (2, i + 0.5) for i, n in enumerate(right_nodes)})

        display_simple_directed_graph(G, pos)

    elif option == "Create your own":
        edges = []
        edge_input = st.text_area("Edges:", value="1,2\n1,3\n2,3")
        if edge_input:
            edge_list = edge_input.split("\n")
            for edge in edge_list:
                u, v = map(int, edge.split(","))
                edges.append((u, v))

        if st.button("Generate"):
            G_custom = nx.DiGraph()
            G_custom.add_edges_from(edges)
            pos = nx.spring_layout(G_custom, seed=42)
            display_simple_directed_graph(G_custom, pos)

# Display Drawing: Custom Node Position if selected
elif sidebar_option == "Drawing: Custom Node Position":
    display_custom_node_position()

# Display Drawing: Cluster Layout if selected
elif sidebar_option == "Drawing: Cluster Layout":
    display_cluster_layout()

# Display Drawing: Degree Analysis if selected
elif sidebar_option == "Drawing: Degree Analysis":
    display_degree_analysis()