Split (1)

train · 8.3M rows

Search is not available for this dataset

conversations listlengths 2 2
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given an input list. A list contains several comma-separated items written within brackets. You need to return the count of all the alphabetical elements in the given list. Return 0 if no alphabetical element in the list\nQ: ['7375', 'R', 'u', '1101', 'F', 'H', 'j', '2419']\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "5" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Q: In this task, you are given a post in English from online platforms. You are expected to identify whether the post is hateful against immigrants and women. A hateful post expresses hate or encourages violence towards a person or a group. If a post is hateful but not towards immigrants and women, it should be labeled as non-hateful. Answer \"hateful\" or \"Non-hateful\". Note that the URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].\nPost: Germany is the most beloved target for refugees in Europe. 2/3 of them go to this destination. Last year(2016) 388.201 refugees like to settle ! [Link]\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Non-hateful" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.\nIn this task you will be given a string and you should find the longest substring that is a palindrome. A palindrome is a string that is the same backwards as it is forwards. If the shortest possible palindrome is length 1 you should return the first character.\n\ngocogccocco\nSolution: gocog\nWhy? The substring 'gocog' is the longest possible substring that is also a palindrome. So this is a good example.\n\nNew input: odadoooaddaodo\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "oaddao" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nYou are given an open-domain question from an open movie database. Your task is to provide an answer to that question. Try to only include the answer. Do not put it in a sentence.\n\nwhat is the rating of Things You Can Tell Just by Looking at Her?\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "good" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "instruction:\nYou are given a list of queries separated by new line. Your job is to answer with the query that is the most well-formed or well-structured query in terms of grammar, punctuations, or spelling errors.\nquestion:\nPros and cons classical liberalism ?\nHow cotton made into fabric ?\nOnline medical help for back pain ?\nWhat is the difference between strong acid and weak acids ?\nanswer:\nWhat is the difference between strong acid and weak acids ?\n\n\nquestion:\nWhere doyou get the lazer pen poptropica ?\nWhat are the lyrics to the star-spangled banner ?\nHow much bus drivers in guilford surrey earn money ?\nWhat the meaning of adidas logo ?\nanswer:\nWhat are the lyrics to the star-spangled banner ?\n\n\nquestion:\nWhere is oil filter on 2006 trailblazer ?\nScrutiny in a sentence as a noun ?\nHow many grams of fat is in 2 strips of bacon ?\nWhat is the ionic charge for sodium ?\nanswer:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "What is the ionic charge for sodium ?\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Definition: In this task, you will be shown a short story with a beginning, two potential middles, and an ending. Your job is to choose the middle statement that makes the story coherent / plausible by writing \"1\" or \"2\" in the output. If both sentences are plausible, pick the one that makes most sense.\nInput: Beginning: My family went on a safari in Africa. Middle 1: My mom fed the family watermelon. Middle 2: My mom fed the hippos watermelon. Ending: The hippos were not hungry anymore.\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "2" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "TASK DEFINITION: Given an abstract, indicate which of the provided candidate titles (Option1 and Option2) best describes it (respond with the text of the title, not option1/2).\nPROBLEM: Abstract: Fat cells were isolated from sedentary and exercise trained female Sprague-Dawley rats and cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (cyclic AMP-PDE) activities were determined from crude homogenates of the fat cells in the whole homogenate, P5, P48, and S48 fractions. Exercise training resulted in a significant increase in the mean specific activity of cyclic AMP-PDE (pmol X min-1 X mg-1) from the whole homogenate and S48 fraction at cyclic AMP concentrations of 4, 8, and 16 microM and in the P48 fraction at 8 and 16 microM cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP-PDE kinetic plots according to Lineweaver-Burk for the calculation of Michaelis constants (Km) and maximum enzyme velocities (Vmax) were nonlinear, indicating both a low and high enzyme form. The Michaelis constants were significantly lower in trained rats than those of its control for the high Km form of cyclic AMP-PDE in the whole and soluble fractions and for the low Km form of the P5 particulate fraction. The Vmax of the high Km form of the P48 particulate fraction from trained animals was also significantly higher than that found in its control. Phosphodiesterase inhibition by methylxanthines in the various fractions was similar in both trained and sedentary animals. These changes in specific activity, Michaelis constants, and Vmax of cyclic AMP-PDE from crude homogenates of isolated fat cells from exercise trained animals may account for the decreased intracellular levels of cyclic AMP following catecholamine stimulation of isolated fat cells from trained rats. \n Which is the apt title for the abstract? option1: Distribution of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase in adipose tissue from trained rats. option2: Familial hypercholesterolemia. There is a need for early detection and treatment [editorial]\n\nSOLUTION: Distribution of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase in adipose tissue from trained rats.\n\nPROBLEM: Abstract: The records of 165 patients with diaphragmatic injuries seen at Detroit Receiving Hospital from July 1980 through June 1985 were reviewed. Causes included gunshot wounds in 89 patients, stab wounds in 65, and blunt trauma in 11. Mortality rates were 18%, 5%, and 27%, respectively, deaths being caused primarily by bleeding from associated injuries. Operations on these patients included laparotomy in 123 (75%), thoracotomy in four (2%), and both in 38 (23%). The mortality rates for these operations were 0%, 50%, and 53%, respectively. A presumptive preoperative diagnosis of diaphragmatic injury from chest x-ray findings was possible in only 24 (15%) patients. Of 42 thoracotomies, five were performed in the emergency department for cardiac arrest, with three (60%) deaths. Of 37 thoracotomies performed in the operating room, 17 were for thoracic injuries with six (35%) deaths and 20 were for resuscitation for abdominal injuries with 13 (65%) deaths. In most patients, the diaphragmatic injury was critical only in warning the surgeon that severe injuries might be present in both the chest and abdomen. Of 43 patients admitted with a blood pressure of less than 70 mm Hg or four or more associated injuries, 22 died. However, even in these high-risk patients, if resuscitation raised the initial operating room blood pressure to more than 70 mm Hg, reduced the shock time to less than 30 minutes, and kept blood loss below 10 units, the mortality was only 8% (1/12). In contrast, if none of these conditions could be met, the mortality in this high-risk group was 100% (16/16). Thus more aggressive resuscitative efforts and earlier control of bleeding seem to provide the best chance for improved survival. \n Which is the apt title for the abstract? option1: Acute injuries of the diaphragm. An analysis of 165 cases. option2: Isolated naso-ocular cleft: a one-stage repair [letter]\n\nSOLUTION: Acute injuries of the diaphragm. An analysis of 165 cases.\n\nPROBLEM: Abstract: In 10-day-old suckling and adult mice, reovirus type 1 adheres selectively to and penetrates membranous epithelial (M) cells. To determine when M cells first appear, when they first transport reovirus, and if reovirus adheres to and is endocytosed by other epithelial cells in the first postnatal week, we examined neonatal mouse intestine by transmission electron microscopy after reovirus type 1 exposure. At 2 days M cells accounted for 0.9% of dome epithelial cells. By 9 days M cells had increased to 7.4%. Reovirus type 1 adherence to the surface of villus and dome epithelial cells showed marked variation in 2-6-day-old animals, but by 7 days only a few absorptive cell profiles had adherent reovirus. Adherence to greater than 50% of M-cell profiles occurred in all but 2 animals, but adherence to the majority of Peyer's patch absorptive cell profiles was present only in some 4- and 5-day-old animals. Adherence to a majority of undifferentiated cell profiles occurred in some animals at all ages. Membranous epithelial cells endocytosed reovirus at all ages but only at 2 days did rare villus and dome absorptive cells endocytose reovirus into the apical cytoplasm. Thus, adherence of reovirus to the apical surface of mucosal epithelial cells is nonselective in newborn mice but becomes more selective within the first postnatal week with adherence by day 7 to most M-cell profiles, to a substantial but variable number of undifferentiated cell profiles, but to few absorptive cell profiles. \n Which is the apt title for the abstract? option1: Adherence to and penetration of the intestinal epithelium by reovirus type 1 in neonatal mice. option2: A piece of my mind. Immune response.\n\nSOLUTION:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Adherence to and penetration of the intestinal epithelium by reovirus type 1 in neonatal mice.\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you need to count the number of words in a sentence that contain the given letter\nOne example: Sentence: 'two gray birds standing in a green field'. How many words contain the letter 'a' in the sentence.\nSolution is here: 3\nExplanation: The words 'gray', 'standing', and 'a' contain the letter 'a'. So, the answer is 3.\n\nNow, solve this: Sentence: 'a slice of chocolate cake on a plate'. How many words contain the letter 'n' in the sentence.\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "1" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you're given the title of a five-sentence story and the first four sentences. Your job is to write the last sentence of the story to not connect with the rest of the story. Ensure that the generated sentence is contextually relevant to the story.\n\nEx Input:\nTitle: Knife. Sentence 1: My son in law played with knives when he was ten. Sentence 2: One day he was flipping a knife. Sentence 3: It landed in his leg. Sentence 4: He did not tell his father, who was strict.\n\nEx Output:\nHe got away with a warning they will prosecute for theft next time.\n\n\nEx Input:\nTitle: Job Opportunity. Sentence 1: John was at a bar. Sentence 2: He met a drunk guy. Sentence 3: The guy worked in the same field. Sentence 4: He told John he would have a job for him.\n\nEx Output:\nIt was a neighbor taking them mags.\n\n\nEx Input:\nTitle: Problem. Sentence 1: Pat had a problem. Sentence 2: He asked a question in a forum. Sentence 3: He got fifteen answers. Sentence 4: Three of the answers helped.\n\nEx Output:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "He decided to go back to wearing cargo shorts.\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nIn this task, you're given the title of a five-sentence story and the first four sentences. Your job is to write the last sentence of the story to not connect with the rest of the story. Ensure that the generated sentence is contextually relevant to the story.\n\nTitle: Winning at chess. Sentence 1: Eric wanted to beat his brother at chess for once. Sentence 2: He studied in the night reading books and perusing the internet. Sentence 3: He asked a few friends to practice with him. Sentence 4: When he met his brother on Saturday, he was ready.\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Jennifer was relieved to have done a good deed despite her fear." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a trivia clue, and the category it belongs to. You should answer with the best answer that belongs in the category and is described by the clue. For simplicity, answers should be in all lower cased letters.\nExample: Category: HOMOPHONIC PAIRS \nClue: It's a notation on a percussion store to clash\nExample solution: cymbal symbol\nExample explanation: \"Cymbal\" and \"symbol\" both have the same pronunciations but different meanings, hence they are homophonic pairs. A symbol is the notation and a cymbal is a percussion instrument that clashes and rings.\n\nProblem: Category: THE VEGETABLE GARDEN \nClue: This type of bean is said to be foolproof for gardeners, which makese sense as its name means something easy\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Solution: snap bean" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nIn this task, you are given a dialogue from a conversation between an agent and a customer. Your task is to determine the speaker of the dialogue. Answer with \"agent\" or \"customer\".\n\nCan you help me in reserving my flight ticket from LAX to DCA?\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "customer" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given an trivia question precisely answer the question with a word/phrase/name. External resources such as Wikipedia could be used to obtain the facts.\n--------\nQuestion: Martha Dandridge was the 1st lady of which American President?\n\nAnswer: george washington\n\n\nQuestion: Who presents I've Never Seen Star Wars on BBC Radio 4?\n\nAnswer: marcus brigstocke\n\n\nQuestion: Which is the most northerly racecourse in Great Britain?\n\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "perth\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nIn this task, you need to replace a letter in the sentence with another given letter.\n\nSentence: 'a new baby elephant that is staying very close to mom'. Replace the letter 'a' with 'q' in the sentence.\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "q new bqby elephqnt thqt is stqying very close to mom" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given two lists A,B. Find the longest common subsequence in the lists A and B.\nQ: ['J', 7471, 'n', 'k', 'I', 1811], [733, 'G', 'n', 'k', 'm', 2855]\nA: " }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "n, k" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: Given a sentence in English language, translate the sentence to Tagalog language keeping the meaning of the original sentence intact.\nQ: English sentence: The PRWC Blogs: 8th ID takes advantage of barangay elections for further militarization\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The PRWC Blogs: Batang biktima sa operasyong militar pinagtakpan ng 9th IDPA" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Instructions: In this task, you're given the title and three arbitrary sentences out of a five-sentence story. You are also given three additional sentence options, a, b, and c, that may or may not belong to the story. Your job is to pick the two options that seamlessly connect with the rest of the story and their positions in the sentence order of the story; note that the selected choices may fit into the story at any point. Your answer must be in the form of '2a, 5b', where '2a' means the candidate sentence 'a' will be inserted as the 2nd sentence in the story. The answer must also be in the order of the selected choices, i.e., '2a, 5b' is allowed, and '5b, 2a' is not allowed. If options are equally plausible, pick the ones that make more sense.\nInput: Title: Larry's neighbor had a dog. Larry had to change his shoes and was late for work. Larry talked to his neighbor about cleaning up after his dog. Choices: a. His neighbor would let the dog out every morning. b. One day, Larry stepped into a pile of dog mess. c. He exclaims oh yeah, the fat chick from Mr H's class!\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "2a, 3b" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given a passage with a question and an answer to that question, classify if the answer actually answers the question into 'yes' or 'no'. Output 'yes' if the answer answers the question and output 'no' if the answer does not answer the question.\nExample: Question: Are group 2 innate lymphoid cells ( ILC2s ) increased in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps or eosinophilia?\nAnswer: As ILC2s are elevated in patients with CRSwNP, they may drive nasal polyp formation in CRS. ILC2s are also linked with high tissue and blood eosinophilia and have a potential role in the activation and survival of eosinophils during the Th2 immune response. The association of innate lymphoid cells in CRS provides insights into its pathogenesis.\nExample solution: yes\nExample explanation: The answer clearly says that ICLSs are elevated, which is exactly what the question asks. Hence, the output will be yes and it is correct.\n\nProblem: Question: Do leptin-resistant obese mice form biliary crystals on a high cholesterol diet?\nAnswer: These data suggest that Lep(db) obese mice fed a high cholesterol diet have increased gallbladder volume and decreased biliary cholesterol saturation and crystal formation despite elevated serum cholesterol compared with lean control mice. We conclude that the link among obesity, diet, and gallstone formation may not require hypersecretion of biliary cholesterol and may be related to the effects of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, or both on gallbladder motility.\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Solution: no" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you will be presented with a question having multiple possible answers in Dutch language. And you should choose a most suitable option out of \"A\", \"B\", \"C\", \"D\", and \"E\" based on your commonsense knowledge.\n\nExample input: Question: Waarom zou iemand op zijn werk blijven zonder betaald te worden? \n Options: (A) godzijdank (B) in de rij wachten (C) vrijwilliger (D) hulp aanbieden (E) plezier aan het werk \nExample output: E\nExample explanation: This is the correct answer. If someone loves to work too much then they like to keep working even without getting paid.\nQ: Question: Sam hield van voortplanten. Hij gaf niet om de kinderen, maar hij hield van een bepaald deel ervan. Wat vond hij leuk? \n Options: A naakt B orgasme C sperma D in bed E penetratie \nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "B" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nIn this task, you are given four sentences: a bot task sentence, a bot role sentence, a user task sentence and a user role sentence. Your job is to classify given sentences into one of the 47 different domains. The domains are: 'UPDATE_CALENDAR', 'PRESENT_IDEAS', 'MOVIE_LISTINGS', 'AUTO_SORT', 'GAME_RULES', 'CONTACT_MANAGER', 'BANK_BOT', 'MUSIC_SUGGESTER', 'CHECK_STATUS', 'PET_ADVICE', 'HOW_TO_BASIC', 'NAME_SUGGESTER', 'QUOTE_OF_THE_DAY_BOT', 'GUINESS_CHECK', 'INSURANCE', 'RESTAURANT_PICKER', 'MAKE_RESTAURANT_RESERVATIONS', 'WEDDING_PLANNER', 'SKI_BOT', 'HOME_BOT', 'PLAY_TIMES', 'BUS_SCHEDULE_BOT', 'WHAT_IS_IT', 'PHONE_PLAN_BOT', 'DECIDER_BOT', 'PHONE_SETTINGS', 'TIME_ZONE', 'LIBRARY_REQUEST', 'UPDATE_CONTACT', 'CATALOGUE_BOT', 'PROMPT_GENERATOR', 'SCAM_LOOKUP', 'SPORTS_INFO', 'POLICY_BOT', 'CITY_INFO', 'APARTMENT_FINDER', 'EVENT_RESERVE', 'SHOPPING', 'EDIT_PLAYLIST', 'LOOK_UP_INFO', 'ORDER_PIZZA', 'WEATHER_CHECK', 'APPOINTMENT_REMINDER', 'GEOGRAPHY', 'STORE_DETAILS', 'AGREEMENT_BOT', 'ALARM_SET'.\n\nBot's task: Tell the user that the contact already has a phone number, and confirm that the user wants to add a second one \nBot's role: You are a bot designed to manage the user's contacts \nUser's task: Add a second phone number to a contact \nUser's role: You are interacting with a bot in charge of managing your contacts\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "CONTACT_MANAGER" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you have given an input which is user's command or question, based on that you have to return what will be Agent's response/reply for that particular user's command or question\n\nCan you move the meeting with Jon to Monday?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "How is this?" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given an input list A. You need to find all the elements of the list that are alphabets in the same order as they appear in the list A. Do not change their case/capitalization.\n\nQ: ['x', '7003', '467', '7637', '191', 'X', 'g', 'A', 'U', '3443', '1971', '3093', '9435', '5687', 'y', 'r', '8707', '2785', '6707', '5941']\n\nA: x, X, g, A, U, y, r\n**\nQ: ['7191', '917', 'R', '2755', 'b', 'm', '833', 'l', '8479', 'N', 'I', 'l', '677', '7579', '4533', '8209', 'c', '5929', 'Y', 'U', '5769', '9733', 'J', '3251', 'o', '751', '747']\n\nA: R, b, m, l, N, I, l, c, Y, U, J, o\n\nQ: ['4097', 'Y', 'J', '8245', 'A', '3351', 'j', 'I']\n\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Y, J, A, j, I\n**\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "TASK DEFINITION: Given a post that is a real-life anecdote of a complex ethical situation and an associated claim about its type, verify if the claim is true or not. The claim asks if the posts are historical or hypothetical. The posts are \"HISTORICAL\" when the author has already done something and they are \"HYPOTHETICAL\" when the author is considering doing something in the future. Say 'yes' if the claim is true otherwise say 'no'\nPROBLEM: CLAIM : The following post is HISTORICAL. POST : This happened a few months ago. My SO and I have opposite schedules, and on this day I decided to take voluntary time off since I didn't get any sleep the night before. On my way back through the parking lot of my complex I noticed one of my SO's tires were extremely low. I had mentioned to her numerous times to fill her tires, so I assumed it was a slow leak. It was almost flat, but I figured it would get her to the nearest gas station before work. \n\nI woke her up when I got home and said her tire was extremely low and she should fill it before she goes to work. She mentioned something about doing it on her lunch break, and I tried to stress how important it was for her to take a look before then. I assumed she would heed my warning and assess the situation appropriately, I even told her she should wake up a couple hours earlier just in case. She goes back to sleep, I'm starting to fall asleep as well, and think to myself \"I should probably tell her it's flat since she isn't taking it seriously enough.\" She's already asleep again, I figure I'll wake up around when she's going to work and tell her then.\n\nThat didn't happen, I was too sleepy to remember. She gets to work and realizes her tire is completely flat and now has to call triple A. Turns out she didn't have a slow leak, there was a pretty big hole in her tire. It turned into a huge ordeal and she had to get it towed, get new tires, etc, and she's stressed since she has to figure this all out while she's at work.\n\nWhile she acknowledged she should have checked her tire before she left for work, she said that I should have said the words \"your tire is flat\" instead of saying \"your tire is extremely low, and you should check it out before you go to work.\" I feel like an asshole for maybe not saying the word \"flat\" but I tried to stress the severity of the situation. She said it wasn't my fault, but the fact that she said I should have said \"flat\" still feels like she blames me to some degree. \n\nSOLUTION: yes\n\nPROBLEM: CLAIM : The following post is HISTORICAL. POST : When we first got together in Highschool we had sex all the time fast forward to now I just don't want it as often as he does he wants it multiple times a week and honestly I'd be fine a couple of times a month, sometimes I'll give him a handjob. But he just wants it all day every day it feels like, and it doesn't even feel like he wants it, because of me, like he just wants it because he's horny ( I know what I said doesn't make sense) I just feel like a sex toy, and it's just not as pleasant as it used to be, so idk\n\nSOLUTION: yes\n\nPROBLEM: CLAIM : The following post is HISTORICAL. POST : My class needed a class tee-shirt design for this year and the chairmans were complaining about only getting 1 design submission so i decided to design 2, one themed space and one themed science.\n\nOriginally, i only wanted to design the space one because that was the theme for class decorations and i wanted it to match. The shirt colour was chosen to be turquoise by voting(online survey). \n\nBut people who didn't want a turquoise class shirt started saying there were people who voted more than once so we did another voting in class irl and the colour changed to maroon. I was kinda annoyed at this point because the design i had in mind(space) wouldn't match with the new colour. But i asked the vice-chairman what the second most voted for class theme was and it was science.\n\nTo make time to make the 2 designs, i had to push back my plans to go CNY shopping with my mum which later on affected my Social Studies grp project.\n\nWhen i submitted the 2 designs to the vice-chairman, he said the designs would be too expensive to print (limit : $16 per shirt) so he returned the designs to me. I wanted to tell him that the designs could be altered to suit the budget but the next lesson was starting so i didn't get to.\n\nAfter school, i decided to re-summit my designs to the chairman because i thought they would communicate with each other(other being vice-chairman) about the designs and i could explain about them later on but instead, the chairman posted an online survey containing my designs to the grp chat. I DMed him to inform him that there was a front design he didn't include. After a while, he DMed me asking if my design was rejected by the vice-chairman and i said yes because it was too expensive. I also told him he could just alter the designs to fit the budget.\n\nI know i was wrong for being pushy about my designs but i felt unappreciated for my efforts. I didn't even get a \"sorry we can't accept your designs. Thanks for designing though!\". The only reason i decided to design was to help them out because there was only one design and they were complaining.\n\nAm i the asshole? \n\nSOLUTION:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "yes\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Teacher:In this task, you're given a pair of sentences, sentence 1 and sentence 2. Your job is to choose whether the two sentences clearly agree (entailment)/disagree (contradiction) with each other, or if this cannot be determined (neutral). Your answer must be in the form of the letters E, C, and N respectively.\nTeacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Sentence 1: The dog has red straps in its back. Sentence 2: The dog with red stripes can fly.\nStudent:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "N" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you will be given two sentences separated by \"because\". You should decide whether the first sentence can be the result of the second sentence. If you can see a possible cause and effect relationship, answer with \"plausible\", otherwise answer with \"not plausible\".\n\nInput: Consider Input: I botched the job interview because it was what i needed\n\nOutput: not plausible\n\n\nInput: Consider Input: the shirt shrunk because it wasn't cleaned properly\n\nOutput: plausible\n\n\nInput: Consider Input: I chugged the pitcher of water because i knew i was exhausted\n\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Output: plausible\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "TASK DEFINITION: Given a story, answer the question about the story. The question is the last sentence in the input. The story has one of the three following scenarios: (1) when the individual's belief matches reality, (2) when the individual's belief does not match reality, (3) is when an individual has a false belief about another individual's beliefs. The question will ask about the location of an object in the story with respect to either none or one of the three scenarios.\nPROBLEM: Emily entered the laundry. Ella entered the laundry. The strawberry is in the blue_cupboard. Ella exited the laundry. Emily moved the strawberry to the green_box. Emily exited the laundry. Ella entered the laundry. Where is the strawberry really?\n\nSOLUTION: green_box\n\nPROBLEM: Mia entered the kitchen. Isabella entered the kitchen. The orange is in the green_drawer. Mia moved the orange to the red_envelope. Where will Isabella look for the orange?\n\nSOLUTION: red_envelope\n\nPROBLEM: Isabella entered the hallway. Ella entered the hallway. The banana is in the red_bottle. Ella exited the hallway. Isabella moved the banana to the red_drawer. Where does Isabella think that Ella searches for the banana?\n\nSOLUTION:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "red_bottle\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: Given a story, answer the question about the story. The question is the last sentence in the input. These stories can be difficult due to their length and how each story has at least one of the three following scenarios: the first is when the individual's belief matches reality, the second is when the individual's belief does not match reality, and the third is when an individual has a false belief about another individual's beliefs. The question will ask about the location of an object in the story with respect to either none or one of the three scenarios.\nProblem:Jackson entered the patio. Owen entered the patio. The eggplant is in the red_bucket. Owen exited the patio. Jackson moved the eggplant to the blue_treasure_chest. Sophia entered the lounge. Owen entered the lounge. The cucumber is in the green_suitcase. Owen exited the lounge. Sophia moved the cucumber to the red_suitcase. Jackson entered the lounge. Aiden entered the lounge. The pumpkin is in the red_suitcase. Aiden exited the lounge. Jackson moved the pumpkin to the green_suitcase. Sophia is in the lounge. Aiden entered the lounge. The cucumber is in the red_suitcase. Aiden exited the lounge. Sophia moved the cucumber to the green_suitcase. Where does Sophia think that Aiden searches for the cucumber?\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "red_suitcase" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the named entities from the question if present. B denotes the first item of a phrase and an I any non-initial word. Here is the list of terms used: person names (PER), organizations (ORG), locations (LOC) and miscellaneous names (MISC). There can be instances with no named entities, then return 'None'.\nOne example is below.\nQ: En daarom wordt er in Changli nu aan een nieuwe kerk gebouwd.\nA: Changli: B-LOC\nRationale: In the given sentence, Changli is identified as the location entity.\nQ: Antwerpen doorbreekt Dexia-eensgezindheid\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Antwerpen: B-LOC, Dexia-eensgezindheid: B-MISC" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you're given four sentences of a story written in natural language, and one last sentence (Sentence5). Your job is to classify whether the last sentence completes the rest of the story coherently or not by providing 'Yes' or 'No'.\n\n[EX Q]: Sentence1: Judy and Bill were preparing to have dinner with their parents. Sentence2: Judy makes a roast with potatoes and rolls with gravy. Sentence3: Bill sets the table and puts on some background music. Sentence4: The doorbell rings, it is their parents. \n Sentence5: Judy and Bill were very prepared.\n[EX A]: Yes\n\n[EX Q]: Sentence1: Tom decided to drive to his girlfriend's house today. Sentence2: He drove as fast as he can although there was a lot of traffic. Sentence3: When he got into the front of the house, he rang the doorbell. Sentence4: No one answered however, the front door was open. \n Sentence5: Tom began to laugh.\n[EX A]: No\n\n[EX Q]: Sentence1: Jane was excited to go home early for once. Sentence2: She worked cleaning offices at night. Sentence3: She was ahead of her normal schedule. Sentence4: When she got to the final office she noticed a huge mess. \n Sentence5: Jane was disappointed she had to stay and clean the office.\n[EX A]:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Yes\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you're given a pair of sentences, sentence 1 and sentence 2. Your job is to choose whether the two sentences clearly agree (entailment)/disagree (contradiction) with each other, or if this cannot be determined (neutral). Your answer must be in the form of the letters E, C, and N respectively.\n\nSentence 1: A girl is working with her trainer on a gymnastic bar. Sentence 2: A gymnast is alone at the gym.\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "C" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: In this task you will be given a list of integers. A list contains numbers separated by a comma. You need to round every integer to the closest power of 2. A power of 2 is a number in the form '2^n', it is a number that is the result of multiplying by 2 n times. The following are all powers of 2, '2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096'. If an integer is exactly in equally far from two different powers of 2 then you should output the larger power of 2. The output should be a list of integers that is the result of rounding each integer int the input list to the closest power of 2. The output should include a '[' to denote the start of the output list and ']' to denote the end of the output list.\nProblem:[155, 717, 989, 4873, 8]\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "[128, 512, 1024, 4096, 8]" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given two simple actions (associated with \"A\", \"B\"). You must identify which action is considered less ethical. Do not generate anything else apart from one of the following characters: 'A', 'B'.\nOne example is below.\nQ: (A) trying to be a decent parent\n(B) remaining Friendly with my racist coworker\nA: B\nRationale: action (B) is not ethical.\nQ: (A) being pissed at my friend for her actions in a psych ward\n(B) not participating in company activities\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given a story, answer the question about the story. The question is the last sentence in the input. The story has one of the three following scenarios: (1) when the individual's belief matches reality, (2) when the individual's belief does not match reality, (3) is when an individual has a false belief about another individual's beliefs. The question will ask about the location of an object in the story with respect to either none or one of the three scenarios.\nOne example is below.\nQ: Isabella entered the hall. Olivia entered the hall. The apple is in the blue_treasure_chest. Olivia exited the hall. Isabella moved the apple to the green_basket. Where does Isabella think that Olivia searches for the apple?\nA: blue_treasure_chest\nRationale: Since Olivia was no longer in the hall, she last remembers the apple being in the blue_treasure_chest even though Isabella moved it to the green_basket. Since Isabella was in the hall the entire time, she knows where Olivia will look for it.\nQ: Logan entered the porch. Benjamin entered the porch. The apple is in the green_pantry. Benjamin exited the porch. Logan moved the apple to the red_box. Logan exited the porch. Benjamin entered the porch. Where is the apple really?\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "red_box" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you need to count the number of times the given letter appears in the given sentence.\n\nInput: Consider Input: Sentence: 'statues of 2 zebras and 1 giraffe in a doorway'. Find frequency of the letter 'a'\n\nOutput: 6\n\n\nInput: Consider Input: Sentence: 'there is no image here to provide a caption for'. Find frequency of the letter 'o'\n\nOutput: 5\n\n\nInput: Consider Input: Sentence: 'a bunch of soft pretzels are waiting to be sold'. Find frequency of the letter 'p'\n\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Output: 1\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: Given a piece of financial news and its polarity, classify it into 'true' if the polarity is correct and classify into 'false' if the polarity is incorrect. Output must be 'true' or 'false'. \nProblem:news:The products have a low salt and fat content .\npolarity:neutral\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "true" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nIn this task, you're given two sentences. Indicate if the first sentence clearly entails the second sentence (i.e., one can conclude the 2nd sentence by reading the 1st one). Indicate your answer with '1' if the first sentence entails the second sentence, otherwise answer with '0'.\n\nSentence 1: CBS newsman Harry Reasoner is returning to his Iowa hometown to get married Saturday. Sentence 2: CBS newsman Harry Reasoner was born in Iowa.\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "1" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Q: In this task, you need to provide the parts-of-speech tag of a word present in a sentence specified within curly braces ( '{{ ... }}' ). The parts-of-speech tags are coarse labels that represent a category of words with similar grammatical properties. The list of part-of-speech tags i.e tagset of this corpus is - \n '.': Period symbol is used for symbols denoting Punctuations/Separations such as comma, period, backticks etc., \n 'ADJ': Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes, \n 'ADP': Adposition is a cover term for prepositions and postpositions, \n 'ADV': Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner, \n 'CONJ': A word used to connect clauses or sentences or to coordinate words in the same clause, \n 'DET': Determiners are words that modify nouns or noun phrases and express the reference of the noun phrase in context, \n 'NOUN': Nouns are a part of speech typically denoting a person, place, thing, animal or idea, \n 'NUM': A numeral is a word, functioning most typically as a determiner, adjective or pronoun, that expresses a number and a relation to the number, such as quantity, sequence, frequency or fraction, \n 'PRT': Particles are function words that must be associated with another word or phrase to impart meaning and that do not satisfy definitions of other universal parts of speech, \n 'PRON': Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases, whose meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context, \n 'PROPN': A proper noun is a noun (or nominal content word) that is the name (or part of the name) of a specific individual, place, or object, \n 'VERB': A verb is a member of the syntactic class of words that typically signal events and actions, can constitute a minimal predicate in a clause, and govern the number and types of other constituents which may occur in the clause, \n 'X': The tag X is used for words that for some reason cannot be assigned a real part-of-speech category.\nSentence: `` If you kick {{ too }} much , your leg gets kinda dead '' , he explained . \nWord: too\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "ADV" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Instructions: In this task, you are given an input list. A list contains several comma-separated items written within brackets. You need to return the position of all the alphabetical elements in the given list in order. Assume the position of the 1st element to be 1. Return -1 if no alphabetical element is in the list.\nInput: ['U', '8965', 'c', '1007', '7717', '6405', 'i', '3467', 'd', 'e', '9649', 'd', 'Q', 'N', 'p', 'x', 'v', 'S', '5295', '9611', 'M', '8853', '3135', '3205', 'M']\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "1, 3, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 21, 25" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Q: You are asked to create a question containing a blank (_), based on the given context word. Your question must contain two related but different objects; for example \"trophy\" and \"suitcase\". The expected answer to your question must be one of the objects present in the sentence. The expected answer must not be associated with any specific word in the question; instead it should depend on the context present in the question. The expected answer should not be equally likely to fill the blank. For your question, there should be a agreed upon answer to fill in the blank. Your generations should NOT contain potentially explicit, offensive, or adult content. Do not use animals or proper nouns (e.g., New York, Macbook, Jeff Bezos, McDonald's, ...) as your objects. Avoid repeating the same style, pattern or phrases in each question, try to increase diversity by varying sentence structure, blank placement etc. Your question must contain at least 15 and at most 30 words. You must utilize the given context word while writing the question. Your question must contain only one blank. Make sure that Object X and Y have the same number e.g. when ObjectX is singular, Object Y must be singular, too. The two objects (Object X & Object Y) should be used ONCE in your question. Here is a list of attributes and associated pair of contrastive words which may be used to create a valid question using the objects. You can use either of the contrastive words, but not both. You should think about more such attributes and associated words and use them in your question.\n\| Attribute \| triggerword \| contrastive triggerword \| \n\| age \| old \| new \| \n\| altitude \| low \| high \|\n\| area \| small \| vast \| \n\| brightness \| dark \| light \| \n\| clarity \| obscure \| clear \| \n\| cleanness \| dirty \| clean \| \n\| complexity \| simple \| complex \| \n\| cost \| cheap \| expensive \|\n\| density \| sparse \| dense \|\n\| depth \| shallow \| deep \|\n\| distance \| near \| far \| \n\| electric conductivity \| low \| high \|\n\| flexibility \| rigid \| flexible \|\n\| granularity \| fine \| coarse \| \n\| hardness \| soft \| hard \| \n\| length \| short \| long \| \n\| magnitude \| small \| large \| \n\| mass \| small \| large \| \n\| odor \| weak \| strong \| \n\| pressure \| low \| high \| \n\| resistance \| low \| high \| \n\| shape \| round \| sharp \|\n\| shape \| flat \| spiky \|\n\| size \| small \| large \| \n\| sound \| quiet \| loud \| \n\| sound pitch \| low \| high \| \n\| speed \| slow \| fast \| \n\| stability \| unstable \| stable \| \n\| strength \| weak \| strong \| \n\| temperature \| low \| high \| \n\| texture \| smooth \| rough \| \n\| thermal conductivity \| low \| high \|\n\| thickness \| thin \| thick \| \n\| volume \| small \| large \|\n\| weight \| light \| heavy \| \n\| width \| narrow \| wide \| \n\| location \| in \| out \|\n\| location \| up \| down \|\n\| location \| above \| below \|\n\| location \| on \| off \|\n\| location \| to \| from \|\n\nContext Word: forest.\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The forest tree can hardly feel the presence of the wind blowing through it because the _ is light." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.\nIn this task, you're given an article and an answer. Your task is to generate the fill-in-the-blank question for this answer based on the given article. The blanks are always at the end of the question, and can be filled with more than one word or phrase.\n\nArticle: Homework can put you in a badmood , and that might actually be a good thing. Researchers from the University of Plymouth in England doubted whether mood might affect the way kids learn. To find out the answer, they did two experiments with children. The first experiment tested 30 kids. Someshapes were hidden inside a different, larger picture. The kids had to find the small shapes while sitting in a room with either cheerful or sad music playing in the background. To test their mood, the scientists asked the kids to point to one of five faces, from happy to sad. Children who listened to cheerful music tended to point to the smiley faces while the others pointed to the unhappy ones. The researchers found that sad kids took at least a second less to find the small shapes. They also found an average of three or four more shapes. In the second experiment, 61 children watched one of two scenes from a film. One scene was happy, and the other was sad. Just like in the first experiment, kids who saw the sad scene acted better compared to the others. The researchers guessed that feeling down makes people more likely to focus on a problem or difficult situation. Not all scientists agree with them, however. Other studies argued that maybe, that cheerful music in the first experiment distracted kids from finding shapes. While scientists work on finding out the answers, it still might be wise to choose when to do your tasks according to your mood. After eating a delicious ice cream, for example, write an essay. \n Answer: whether mood affects their learning ability\nSolution: Researchers did experiments on kids in order to find out _ .\nWhy? It is clearly mentioned in the article that to the check effect of mood on children is the main purpose of the experiment.\n\nNew input: Article: I shall never forget the night, a few years ago, when Marion J. Douglas was a student in one of my calsses. (I have not used his real name for personal reasons. As he requested.) But here is his real story as he told it before one of our adult - education classes. He told us how tragedy had struck at his home, not once, but twice. The first time he had lost his five-old daughter, a child he adored. He and his wife thought they couldn't bear that first loss; but, as he said:\"Ten months later, God gave us another little girl and she died in five days.\" This double was almost too much to bear. \"I couldn't take it,\" this father told us. \"I couldn't sleep, I couldn't eat, I couldn't rest or relax. My nerves were entirely shaken and my confidence gone.\" At last he went to doctors; one recommended sleeping pills and another recommended a trip. He tried both, but neither helped. He said:\"My body felt as if it was surrounded in a vice , and the jaws of the vice were being drawn tighter and tighter.\" The tension of grief ----if you have ever been paralyzed by sorrow, you know what he meant. But thank God, I had one child left ----a four --year-- old son. He gave me the solution to my problem. One afternoon as I sat around feeling sorry for myself, he asked; 'Daddy, will you build a boat for me?' I was in no mood to build a boat; in fact, I was in no mood to do anything. But my son is a persistent little fellow! I had to give in. Building that toy boat took me about three hours. By the time it was finished, I realized that those three hours spent building that boat were first hours of mental relaxation and peace that I had had in months! I realized that it is difficult to worry while you are busy doing something that requires planning and thinking. In my case, building the boat had knocked worry out of the ring. So I determined to keep busy. The following night, I went from room to room in the house, making a list of jobs that ought to be done. Scores of items needed to be repaired: bookcase, stair steps, storm windows, window-shades, locks, leaky taps. Amazing as it seems, in the course of two weeks I had made a list of 242 items that needed attention. \"During the last two years I have completed most of them. I am busy now that I have no time for worry.\" No time for worry! That is exactly what Winston Churchill said when he was working eighteen hours a day at the height of the war. When he was asked if he worried about his huge responsibilities, he said :\"I am too busy. I have no time for worry.\" \n Answer: he felt tired of adult-education classes\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Marion felt his body as if it was caught in a vice because _ ." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Q: In this task, you are given a pair of action statements. Your task is to check if you can conclusively identify which statement is less ethical or not. Answer: 'no' if one of the statements is less ethical, and 'yes' otherwise.\nACTION1: defriending my best friend because of his girlfriend ACTION2: calling someone out\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "no" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you will be presented with a question in Dutch language, and you have to write the part-of-speech tag for each word and punctuation in the question. Here is the list of part-of-speech tags used in this task: Adj: Adjective, Adv: Adverb, Art: Article, Conj: Conjunction, Int: Interjection, N: Noun, V: Verb, Num: Number, Misc: Miscellaneous, Pron: Pronoun, Prep: Preposition, Punc: Punctuation.\n\nLet me give you an example: 1968 : 1.\nThe answer to this example can be: Num Punc Num Punc\nHere is why: Based on the given question, All of the POS tags are correct.\n\nOK. solve this:\nAls er geen democratische oplossing wordt gevonden , gaat de eilandengroep de komende jaren wellicht opnieuw de status tegemoet van internationale paria .\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Conj Adv Pron Adj N V V Punc V Art N Art V N Adv Adv Art N Adv Prep Adj N Punc" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.\nGiven an entity as input, output another entity which is part of the input entity. These are entities of meronym. In linguistics, meronymy is a semantic relation between a meronym denoting a part and a holonym denoting a whole. In simpler terms, a meronym (i.e., output entity) is in a part-of relationship with its holonym (i.e., input entity).\nExample: plant\nOutput: stem\nThe answer is correct. Because a stem is one of two main structural axes of a vascular plant, the other being the root. Therefore, stem (i.e., meronym) is the part of plant (i.e., holonym).\n\nNew input case for you: yttrium\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "silvery-metallic lustre" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "instruction:\nGiven a comment text in Tamil, classify the comment into one of these categories (i) Hope speech, if it contains encouraging, positive or supportive contents about equality, diversity or inclusion, (ii) Not Hope Speech or (iii) Not in Expected Language, if the text is not Tamil.\nquestion:\nHiii anna camera apps ku sollala alternative....\nanswer:\nNot Hope Speech\n\n\nquestion:\nThalaivan Donald uh..\nanswer:\nHope Speech\n\n\nquestion:\nMadan gowri fans like here\nanswer:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Not in Expected Language\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Instructions: You are given a math word problem and you are supposed to apply multiplication or division mathematical operators on the numbers embedded in the text to answer the following question and then only report the final numerical answer.\nInput: Mrs. Hilt measured the distance from her desk to the water fountain . It was 30 feet . How many feet will Mrs. Hilt walk on her trips to the fountain if she goes to the water fountain 4 times today ?\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "120" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Teacher:In this task, you are given triplets. Each triplet is in the form of [subject, predicate, object]. Your task is to generate proper sentence that utilizes these triples. The objective is to construct a sentence that (a) captures the facts specified in the triples and (b) is a well-formed sentence easily understandable by a human. All triple values need not be used directly in the sentence as long as the facts are adequately captured.\nTeacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: [['merrill bobolit', 'DIRECTED_BY', 'charles haid'], ['merrill bobolit', 'WRITTEN_BY', 'sean jablonski & brad falchuk'], ['merrill bobolit', 'NUMBER', '54']]\nStudent:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The episode with the no. 54, directed by Charles Haid, is written by sean jablonski & brad falchuk." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given an open-domain question from an open movie database. Your task is to provide an answer to that question. Try to only include the answer. Do not put it in a sentence.\nOne example: what kind of film is Best Seller?\nSolution is here: crime\nExplanation: The answer is correct because crime genre movie is among best seller.\n\nNow, solve this: Messiah of Evil, when was it released?\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "1973" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nIn this task, you are given a text of many news articles seperated by special token \"\|\|\|\|\|\". Your task is to summarize them.\n\nThe seed for Wide00014 was: \n \n - Slash pages from every domain on the web: \n \n \n \n \n \n -- a ranking of all URLs that have more than one incoming inter-domain link (rank was determined by number of incoming links using Wide00012 inter domain links) \n \n \n \n -- up to a maximum of 100 most highly ranked URLs per domain \n \n - Top ranked pages (up to a max of 100) from every linked-to domain using the Wide00012 inter-domain navigational link graph \|\|\|\|\| Mankato, MN (56001) \n \n Today \n \n Mainly cloudy with snow showers around this morning. High around 15F. Winds WNW at 10 to 20 mph. Chance of snow 40%.. \n \n Tonight \n \n A few passing clouds, otherwise generally clear. Low around -10F. Winds NW at 10 to 15 mph. \|\|\|\|\|\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "One Minnesota dog has apparently learned a new trick: how to drive a semi-truck, the AP reports. Customers at a gas station in Mankato saw a golden Labrador retriever appear to drive the semi across a road on Friday. Police say the idling truck apparently was put into gear, then went through a parking lot, across the street, and over a curb. According to the Free Press of Mankato, a passer-by discovered the dog sitting in the driver's seat when he jumped into the truck to stop it. A man in the gas station heard the truck smash into a tree and a parked car. He couldn't see the driver, but he saw the dog climb up near the driver's side. Police say the driver had left the unoccupied truck running in a nearby parking lot." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you're given a pair of sentences, sentence 1 and sentence 2. Your job is to choose whether the two sentences clearly agree (entailment)/disagree (contradiction) with each other, or if this cannot be determined (neutral). Your answer must be in the form of the letters E, C, and N respectively.\nPROBLEM: Sentence 1: The woman is smiling at the mirror while in a bathroom. Sentence 2: A woman is dancing with her child.\n\nSOLUTION: C\n\nPROBLEM: Sentence 1: A pitcher from a Houston baseball team is mid-throw. Sentence 2: The baseball player is throwing the ball.\n\nSOLUTION: C\n\nPROBLEM: Sentence 1: Two men play music at the South by Southwest Music festival while another man photographs them. Sentence 2: The men are swimming across the ocean.\n\nSOLUTION:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "C\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Here are two questions (Question1 and Question2). If these questions have the same meaning and same answer, answer \"Yes\", otherwise \"No\".\nQ: Question1: What's the most convincing conspiracy theory?, Question2: What is the most convincing conspiracy theory?\nA: " }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Yes" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given a command in a limited form of natural language, provide the correct sequence of actions that executes the command to thus navigate an agent in its environment. A command can be broken down into many different actions. Actions are uppercase and are individual steps that serve as the building blocks for a command. For commands, 'left' and 'right' are used to denote the direction of an action. The word 'opposite' turns the agent backward in the specified direction. The word 'around' makes the agent execute an action while turning around in the specified direction. The word 'and' means to execute the next scope of the command following the previous scope of the command. The word 'after' signifies to execute the previous scope of the command following the next scope of the command. The words 'twice' and 'thrice' trigger repetition of a command that they scope over two times or three times, respectively. There are only six actions: 'I_LOOK', 'I_WALK', 'I_RUN', 'I_JUMP', 'I_TURN_LEFT', and 'I_TURN_RIGHT'. These actions respectively align with the commands 'look', 'walk', 'run', 'jump', 'turn left', and 'turn right'. Actions and commands do not have quotations in the input and output.\nOne example is below.\nQ: jump left\nA: I_TURN_LEFT I_JUMP\nRationale: The agent must first turn left and then jump in order to jump to the left.\nQ: look opposite left after jump right twice\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "I_TURN_RIGHT I_JUMP I_TURN_RIGHT I_JUMP I_TURN_LEFT I_TURN_LEFT I_LOOK" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task you will be given two lists of numbers and you need to calculate the intersection between these two lists. The intersection between two lists is another list where every element is common between the two original lists. If there are no elements in the intersection, answer with an empty list. Your list of numbers must be inside brackets. Sort the numbers in your answer in an ascending order, that is, no matter what the order of the numbers in the lists is, you should put them in your answer in an ascending order.\n\nInput: Consider Input: [2, 8, 5, 10, 1, 9] , [8, 9, 6, 10, 3, 7]\n\nOutput: [8, 9, 10]\n\n\nInput: Consider Input: [9, 10, 2, 10, 8, 6] , [1, 7, 7, 4, 2, 8]\n\nOutput: [2, 8]\n\n\nInput: Consider Input: [10, 10, 5, 3, 4, 5, 2, 6, 8, 4] , [6, 1, 1, 2, 1, 8, 8, 6, 3, 7]\n\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Output: [2, 3, 6, 8]\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: Given a statement about date and time, state whether the statement is true or false. The number of date/time operands in the statement ranges between 2 and 3. Let's say the values are denoted by t1, t2 and t3. The statements follow one of the following ten templates: 't1 occurs before t2, t1 doesn't occur before t2, t1 occurs after t2, t1 doesn't occur after t2, t1 occurs between t2 and t3, t1 doesn't occur between t2 and t3, t1 occured before t2 but after t3, t1 occured after t2 but before t3, t1 didn't occur before t2 but after t3, t1 didn't occur after t2 but before t3'. The output should be either 'True' or 'False'.\nQ: August 24, 2000 doesn't occur between 04 May 1988 and Mar 13, 1985\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "True" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given two simple actions (associated with \"A\", \"B\"). You must identify which action is considered less ethical. Do not generate anything else apart from one of the following characters: 'A', 'B'.\nOne example: (A) trying to be a decent parent\n(B) remaining Friendly with my racist coworker\nSolution is here: B\nExplanation: action (B) is not ethical.\n\nNow, solve this: (A) wanting to use a surrogate\n(B) not helping a girl with a disability\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "B" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a list of queries separated by new line. Your job is to answer with the query that is the most well-formed or well-structured query in terms of grammar, punctuations, or spelling errors.\n\n[Q]: What learn civil engineering ?\nWhat is the most popular resturaunt in the US ?\nWill a nerve impulse occur if the excititory and inhibitory effects are equal ?\nCan you take acetaminophen and naproxen togethhttpwikianswerscomQCan you take acetaminophen and naproxen togetherer ?\n[A]: What is the most popular resturaunt in the US ?\n\n\n[Q]: Where does ryan secrate live ?\nFirst national bank locations in sw houston ?\nHow many cups of chocolate are in 20 ounces ?\nThe California Club ?\n[A]: How many cups of chocolate are in 20 ounces ?\n\n\n[Q]: Where are lymosomes ?\nHypomania is the term that refers to ?\nHow is jogging good for the environment ?\nHow can pyrite be used as ?\n[A]:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "How is jogging good for the environment ?\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you are given a review of a movie and a boolean question whether this review has positive sentiment or negative sentiment. Your task is to generate answer \"yes\" when the tweet has that particular sentiment, otherwise generate answer \"no\".\n\nReview: One would think that a film about a young person's coming to terms with his burgeoning homosexuality would be anything but boring. Think again. This production should be bottled and sold as a cure for insomnia because it's about ten times as potent as any sleep aid on the market. It's almost as if the film maker considered making a movie, but got lazy and decided instead to run a series of random (and randomly BORING) images and go-nowhere scenes, throw in a couple of actual scenes featuring actual acting, pretend that good lighting ins't important in the film-making process, and wrap it up under the auspices of an \"arthouse\" film. This is exactly kind of crappy product that makes it easy for a lot of traditional film-makers to poo-poo the indie film movement, and which keeps the general public from more easily embracing indie films.If you're interested in films covering this subject matter, you'd be much better off tuning in to some of the great short films available at Logo's website or renting Get Real. Better yet, read Stone Butch Blues. Whatever you do, skip this long-winded piece of dreck. Question: is it a positive review?\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "no" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Definition: In this task you are given a medical question pair hand-generated. Your task is to classify a given post into two categories 1) 'Similar' if the given two questions have a same connotation 2) 'Dissimilar' if the given two questions have a different connotation or meaning.\nInput: Sentence1: What is the definition or description of: activity modification? \n Sentence2: What are some exercises and changes to lifestyle that I can do? I'm not sure but the doctor has advised me \"activity modification\". What does it mean?\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Similar" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the task definition and input, reply with output. You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Galician.\n\nVogliamo lavorare con voi \"\". Chris Anderson: Ok, questo ha senso. Grazie mille Misha.\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Queremos traballar contigo \"\". Chris Anderson: Ben, ten sentido. Moitas grazas Misha." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Q: In this task, you are presented with a term, a description of the term, and an expected answer ('yes' or 'no'). You should write a yes-no question about the given term such that the answer is the one provided to you (i.e., If the answer is \"No\", you should ask a question that its answer would be \"No\", and if the answer is \"Yes\", you should ask a question that its answer is \"Yes\". ). The question should have a definitive answer (as opposed to ambiguous or subjective questions, e.g., Is Batman a good movie?). Create a question such that its answer can not be found easily on a single web page (e.g., mentioned in a Wikipedia page). This can be accomplished if answering the question requires more than one fact (facts = statements that can be found on a Wikipedia page or Google). For example, answering the question 'did Aristotle use a laptop?', one needs the know about the invention of the laptop and the death of Aristotle. Avoid questions should not just compare the properties of objects (e.g., Is a door bigger than an elephant?) or those that refer to details in the given description.\nTerm: Armed Forces of Ukraine, Description: combined military forces of Ukraine, Answer:No\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Do air divisions make up at least 3/4 of Ukraine's military divisions?" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: Given a sentence, generate a most unlikely next statement. The next statement should not be logically relevant to the given context\nQ: As the storm rages around Hogwarts Castle, the black - cloaked Dementors hover outside the grounds of the school. It\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "lands on one of someone's hands." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Definition: In this task, you're given five sentences, numbered 1 through 5. Your job is to generate a title for the story that makes complete sense. The title must be short, with less than three words, use simple language, and include the main topic of the story.\nInput: Sentence 1: I used to sell things on eBay. Sentence 2: I would check the recycle bins outside our dumpster. Sentence 3: One day a person left a hurling stick. Sentence 4: It had some chips but was still solid. Sentence 5: I sold it on eBay for $80.\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Dumpster" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nGiven a document, generate a short title of the document. The title should convey the main idea/event/topic about which the document is being written. Note that URLs in the text have been replaced with [Link].\n\nEven with a deadly car bombing and other mayhem marring the day -- the deadline for the American troop pullback under a Jan. 1 agreement -- Prime Minister Nouri Kamal al-Maliki seized on the occasion to position himself as a proud leader of a country independent at last looking ahead to the next milestone of parliamentary elections in January.\n He made no mention of American troops in a nationally televised speech even though nearly 130 000 remain in the country; most had already pulled back from Iraq's cities before Tuesday's deadline.\n In a national address al-Maliki focused his praise on Iraqi troops and security forces for their role in fighting the insurgency. \"The national united government succeeded in putting down the sectarian war that was threatening the unity and the sovereignty of Iraq \" he said as if the United States had played no role.\n President Barack Obama who ran for office on a pledge to end the war marked the occasion with minimal fanfare declaring it \"an important milestone\" even as he warned of \"difficult days ahead.\"\n \"The Iraqi people are rightly treating this day as cause for celebration \" he said.\n The withdrawal did not command its own presidential appearance -- his brief remarks were delivered at a ceremony honoring entrepreneurs -- a marked contrast with his predecessor who rarely missed an opportunity to celebrate milestones in Iraq.\n Military experts anticipate more violence in the days ahead. Maliki's effort to capitalize on Iraq's latent anti-Americanism and to extol the abilities of his troops is a risky strategy. If it turns out that Iraqi troops cannot control the violence al-Maliki will be vulnerable to criticism from rivals -- both if he has to ask the Americans to return but also if he fails to enforce security without them.\n Some American commanders have said they were taken aback by al-Malikial-Maliki's insistence on taking credit for all the security successes in Iraq but they also see the importance of having him and Iraqi troops appear strong especially in the face of multiple insurgent factions intent on destabilizing the government.\n Gen. Raymond T. Odierno brushed aside the dismissive tone of Iraqi leaders' public remarks about the Americans saying that al-Maliki had personally thanked him on Monday night and again on Tuesday for the sacrifices American troops have made.\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "IRAQ-ART-1STLD-WRITETHRU-680" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "A ploynomial equation is a sum of terms. Here each term is either a constant number, or consists of the variable x raised to a certain power and multiplied by a number. These numbers are called weights. For example, in the polynomial: 2x^2+3x+4, the weights are: 2,3,4. You can present a polynomial with the list of its weights, for example, equation weights = [6, 4] represent the equation 6x + 4 and equation weights = [1, 3, 4] represent the equation 1x^2 + 3x + 4. In this task, you need to compute the result of a polynomial expression by substituing a given value of x in the given polynomial equation. Equation weights are given as a list.\n\nEx Input:\nx = 10, equation weights = [5, 3]\n\nEx Output:\n53\n\n\nEx Input:\nx = 4, equation weights = [0, 8, 3]\n\nEx Output:\n35\n\n\nEx Input:\nx = 0, equation weights = [1, 4]\n\nEx Output:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "4\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Teacher:In this task, you are given a premise, a hypothesis, and an update. The premise sentence describes a real-world situation and is always assumed to be true. The hypothesis sentence describes an assumption or inference that you might make about that situation having read the premise. The update provides additional information about the situation that might weaken or strengthen the hypothesis. A weakener is a statement that weakens the hypothesis, that is, it makes you much less likely to believe the hypothesis is true. A strengthener is a statement that strengthens the hypothesis, that is, it makes you much more likely to believe the hypothesis is true. Your task is to answer with 'strengthener' or 'weakener' if the update strengthens or weakens the hypothesis, respectively.\nTeacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Premise: Two people are using tools to dig in a pit while a person wearing a cowboy hat looks on.\nHypothesis: Two people are using tools to dig in a pit while a tall person wearing a cowboy hat looks on.\nUpdate: The person with the cowboy hat is 6 years old.\nStudent:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "weakener" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "instruction:\nIn this task, you are given an input i,A where i is an integer and A is an array. You need to find every ith element of A starting with the 1st element.\nquestion:\n1, ['k', '9693', '5109', 'b', 'l', 'm', '1667', 'v', '2195', 'e', '7791', '5253', '4171', '9179', '7523', 'S', 'A', 'x', '9945', 'H', '6769', '3669', 'G', '2019', 'v', 'G', '1385', 'E', 'h', 'v']\nanswer:\nk, 9693, 5109, b, l, m, 1667, v, 2195, e, 7791, 5253, 4171, 9179, 7523, S, A, x, 9945, H, 6769, 3669, G, 2019, v, G, 1385, E, h, v\n\n\nquestion:\n3, ['j', 'K', 'M', '3867', 'C', '5981', 'S', '5839', '6841', 'G', '2509']\nanswer:\nj, 3867, S, G\n\n\nquestion:\n16, ['1737', 'm', '9981', 'd', '5285', '9769', 'u', '8013', 'm', '6463', 'g', '3181', 'E', 'O', 'f', '5807', 'g', '7029', 'L', 'Y', '1439', 'L', 'R', '783', 'n', '5501', 'Z', '7219', '6751', '5709', '8821', '9555', 'C', 'C', '3365', '7609', 'N', 'u', '3215', 'Y', '5647', 'h']\nanswer:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "1737, g, C\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a text of article and corresponding title of an article. Your task is to generate label \"yes\" if headline (title) is right for article, otherwise generate \"no\".\nProblem:Article: imf managing director dominique strauss-kahn welcomed tuesday the `` bold steps '' taken by the united states to stabilise the financial system , but warned global steps were required to get past the crisis . Title: imf chief welcomes us treasury moves urges global action\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "yes" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Instructions: Given a sentence and two mentions from the text (arguments), indicate a phrase (a verb or noun phrase) that describes the relationship between the provided arguments.\nInput: Sentence: 'We believe that a visible Church is a local body of believers in Jesus Christ , whose purpose is to gather together for exaltation , edification , evangelism , and extension ( Eph .', Argument/Subject 1: 'church', Argument/Subject 2: 'jesus'\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "be body of" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nIn this task, you have to generate the named entities (NER) given its ingredients of the recipe. Named entities are the names of the items without their quantity.\n\n1 1/2 cups pomegranate juice, 2 ounces absolute citrus-infused vodka, 1 ounce Cointreau liqueur, 1 cup ice, sparkling water, splash (optional), lemon, a squeeze (optional)\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "pomegranate juice, vodka, liqueur, sparkling water, lemon" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Craft one correct answer to the question given in input. To make it more interesting, try to use non-stereotypical language if possible. Make sure your correct answer is reasonably long, consistent with the context, and requires common sense (instead of explicit extraction from the context.) In your answer, use as few words as possible from the given context. Use a response that is uncommon/non-stereotypical, so that it is less predictable. To be less repetitive, please vary your language for each question.\n\nContext: Coz on the following Sunday , we will be leaving this strange summer life forever , and we will be back into the real world - how scary ! ! ! I went for the loveliest walk on my own yesterday , and fell asleep in a secluded field - luckily i did n't get raped or murdered lol ! I then went to a really pretty pub on my own for dinner ... and had a pasta bake with no pasta in it ... which was very wierd and i probs should have complained ! Afterwards i went on my own and sat on a very high clifftop overlooking the sea , and saw some awesome lightining - then i decided it was time to go back !. \nQuestion: What might the narrator be returning to after summer ?\nSchool.\n\nContext: It 's nice to see celebs working for a great cause and using their celebrity for good . Instead of blogging about doing good , this big - boobied blonde is actually doing it ! Scarlett Johansson just returned from her first trip to Rwanda with ( RED ) , whose primary objective \" is to engage the private sector in raising awareness and funds for the Global Fund , to help fight AIDS in Africa . \" The blonde humanitarian stayed four days and visited people and different projects benefiting from ( RED ) funds via the Global Fund into Rwanada . \nQuestion: Why did she go to Rwanda ?\nTo bring attention to a charity and their work .\n\nContext: The truth of the matter is that in life you get more of what you reward , and less of what you punish . And taxing people 's income is the same as punishing their income . When you punish an activity less , you should n't be surprised to see that people voluntarily engage in that activity more often . Want Americans to earn more ?. \nQuestion: What type of ideology is the narrator showing ?\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "They are Republican .\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the task definition and input, reply with output. Given a question and its paraphrases, answer the question. The answer should exactly answer all the questions given without any ambiguity. Don't give partial answers.\n\nQuestions: ['who is constace marie married to?']\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "kent katich" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Definition: In this task, you are given a premise, a hypothesis, and an update. The premise sentence describes a real-world situation and is always assumed to be true. The hypothesis sentence describes an assumption or inference that you might make about that situation having read the premise. The update provides additional information about the situation that might weaken or strengthen the hypothesis. A weakener is a statement that weakens the hypothesis, that is, it makes you much less likely to believe the hypothesis is true. A strengthener is a statement that strengthens the hypothesis, that is, it makes you much more likely to believe the hypothesis is true. Your task is to answer with 'strengthener' or 'weakener' if the update strengthens or weakens the hypothesis, respectively.\nInput: Premise: Two men; one in a blue shirt and ball cap, and the other in a white shirt playing frisbee on a field near an airport.\nHypothesis: Two men are having fun playing frisbee on a nice day.\nUpdate: They are laughing and smiling.\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "strengthener" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, answer 'Yes' if the frequency of the given word in the two sentences is equal, else answer 'No'.\n\nSentence1: 'an image of group of people riding horses on the beach', Sentence2: 'an image of a cat with a bow around the neck'. Is the frequency of the word 'an' in two sentences equal?" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Yes" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Part 1. Definition\nIn this task, you are given a sentence and a question, you would be asked to create the answer which is contained in the sentence provided.\nPart 2. Example\nSentence: Having white fur trait would a cat most likely inherit from its parents. Question: Which trait would a cat most likely inherit from its parents?\nAnswer: having white fur\nExplanation: The given output is correct as the answer provided is from the scientific fact stated\nPart 3. Exercise\nSentence: Many microorganisms are single celled and use organelles for perception and movement. Question: Many microorganisms are single celled and use what for perception and movement?\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "organelles" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task you will be given a claim and a perspective. You should determine whether that perspective supports or undermines the claim. If the perspective could possibly convince someone with different view, it is supporting, otherwise it is undermining.\n\nQ: claim: Intellectual property rights have to be abolished.\n perspective: The product of an individuals intellectual endeavour is their property and therefore they deserve a profit from it.\n\nA: undermine\n**\nQ: claim: Everyone should go vegetarian.\n perspective: Humans can choose their own nutrition plan \n\nA: undermine\n\nQ: claim: Basic income tax should be abolished.\n perspective: It is immoral that some have nothing and a few others are enormously wealthy.\n\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "undermine\n**\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Definition: We would like you to assess the QUALITY of each of the following argument (discussing Gay Marriage) and determine if the argument is Valid or Invalid. A valid argument is clearly interpretable and either expresses an argument, or a premise or a conclusion that can be used in an argument for the topic of gay marriage. An invalid argument is a phrase that cannot be interpreted as an argument or not on the topic of gay marriage.\nInput: 9There will be trouble and distress for every human being who does evil: first for the Jew, then for the Gentile; 10but glory, honor and peace for everyone who does good: first for the Jew, then for the Gentile.\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Invalid" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you're given a review from Amazon and rating for the product on a scale of 1-5 based on the review. The rating means 1: extremely poor, 2: poor, 3: neutral, 4: good, 5: extremely good. Your task is to generate whether the rating matches the review or not. Answer with \"True\" if the sentence belongs to that section, otherwise answer with \"False\"\n\nLet me give you an example: Review: These are junk! Both bulbs have burned out within a two month period!! I cannot believe that this company can be in business with such poor quality. I have used infrared lights for my ball python for many years now and I get a varied range of months from a bulb, but I have never gone through two bulbs in a matter of two months! I am very disappointed. \n Rating: 1\nThe answer to this example can be: True\nHere is why: The user seems very disappointed in the product because the bulb they ordered has been burned out earlier than usual. So, he gave 1 star to the review considering it extremely poor. So, true is the correct answer.\n\nOK. solve this:\nReview: Ok, update to my review... after only 15 months one of the Lasfit bulbs began to flicker on and off. Very disappointing. I was extremely satisfied with the Lasfit headlamps I purchased. A very good value (price was affordable), easy installation (a have a Toyota FJ Cruiser) and great customer support. I recommend Lasfit over the plethora of competitors! The lights produce clean white beams of light, much better than my original factory incandescent bulbs. \n Rating: 2\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "True" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Q: In this task you will be given a list of integers. For every element in the list, if the element is even you should divide by 4, if the element is odd you should multiply by 4 then add 2. The output should be a list of numbers that is the result of applying that logic to the input list. You should not round any decimals in the output. Zero should be counted as an even integer.\n[93, 42, -91]\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "[374, 10.5, -362]" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Definition: In this task, You are given a review of Amazon's food products. Your task is to divide them into two classes: negative or positive, depending on the content of the review.\nInput: I took the phone to be activated at a Verizon store today and was informed I could not because it had a bill attached to it and could not activate the phone in my name! I AM FURIOUS!\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "negative" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given three sentences. Read them, then identify a noun phrase (person, place, or thing) or event that is shared between all three sentences. As the output, write the span of the text corresponding to that phrase in each sentence. Keep the order of the sentences, that is, your answer should look like: 1: a phras from sentence 1e 2: a phras from sentence 2 3: a phrase from sentence 3\nExample: sentence 1: Four employees of the store have been arrested , but its manager -- herself a woman -- was still at large Saturday , said Goa police superintendent Kartik Kashyap . sentence 2: If convicted , they could spend up to three years in jail , Kashyap said . sentence 3: The four store workers arrested could spend 3 years each in prison if convicted .\nExample solution: sentence 1: Four employees of the store sentence 2: they sentence 3: The four store workers\nExample explanation: All three mentioned parts refer to the same entity, the four eployees. \"Of the store\" in first sentence must be included, since it is part of the same noun phrase describing the employees.\n\nProblem: 1: ( CNN ) When ISIS overran their villages near Mosul in August 2014 , a small group of Assyrians , a Middle Eastern minority with a history reaching back more than 4,000 years , picked up weapons and formed their own militia : Dwekh Nawsha -- The Sacrificers . 2: Assyrians belong to the rapidly dwindling Christian population of Iraq -- recent estimates from CAPNI , the largest Christian relief organization in northern Iraq put the number as low as 300,000 compared with 1.5 million 20 years ago -- and many among them see the fight with ISIS as a final battle for survival against the Islamists . 3: After ISIS overran their villages , some Assyrians formed a militia to fight for survival against the terror group .\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Solution: 1: ISIS 2: ISIS 3: ISIS" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Definition: In this task, you are given a natural language interpretation of commands (consist of logical operations) to select relevant rows from the given table. Your job is to generate command (in terms of logical operations) from given natural language interpretation. Define body (contains a collection of statements that define what the this logical operator does) of each logical operator between '{}' parenthesis. Here are the definitions of logical operators that you can use while generating command: \n 1. count: returns the number of rows in the view. \n 2. only: returns whether there is exactly one row in the view. \n 3. hop: returns the value under the header column of the row. \n 4. and: returns the boolean operation result of two arguments. \n 5. max/min/avg/sum: returns the max/min/average/sum of the values under the header column. \n 6. nth_max/nth_min: returns the n-th max/n-th min of the values under the header column. \n 7. argmax/argmin: returns the row with the max/min value in header column. \n 8. nth_argmax/nth_argmin: returns the row with the n-th max/min value in header column. \n 9. eq/not_eq: returns if the two arguments are equal. \n 10. round_eq: returns if the two arguments are roughly equal under certain tolerance. \n 11. greater/less: returns if the first argument is greater/less than the second argument. \n 12. diff: returns the difference between two arguments. \n 13. filter_eq/ filter_not_eq: returns the subview whose values under the header column is equal/not equal to the third argument. \n 14. filter_greater/filter_less: returns the subview whose values under the header column is greater/less than the third argument. \n 15. filter_greater_eq /filter_less_eq: returns the subview whose values under the header column is greater/less or equal than the third argument. \n 16. filter_all: returns the view itself for the case of describing the whole table \n 17. all_eq/not_eq: returns whether all the values under the header column are equal/not equal to the third argument. \n 18. all_greater/less: returns whether all the values under the header column are greater/less than the third argument. \n 19. all_greater_eq/less_eq: returns whether all the values under the header column are greater/less or equal to the third argument. \n 20. most_eq/not_eq: returns whether most of the values under the header column are equal/not equal to the third argument. \n 21. most_greater/less: returns whether most of the values under the header column are greater/less than the third argument. \n 22. most_greater_eq/less_eq: returns whether most of the values under the header column are greater/less or equal to the third argument.\nInput: select the rows whose citrate record fuzzily matches to negative . the number of such rows is 3 .\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "eq { count { filter_eq { all_rows ; citrate ; negative } } ; 3 }" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given a premise, a hypothesis, and an update. The premise sentence describes a real-world situation and is always assumed to be true. The hypothesis sentence describes an assumption or inference that you might make about that situation having read the premise. The update provides additional information about the situation that might weaken or strengthen the hypothesis. A weakener is a statement that weakens the hypothesis. It makes you much less likely to believe the hypothesis is true. A strengthener is a statement that strengthens the hypothesis. It makes you much more likely to believe the hypothesis is true. Your task is to output 'strengthener' or 'weakener' if the update strengths or weakens the hypothesis, respectively.\n\nPremise: PersonX raises PersonY head\nHypothesis: Because PersonX wanted to save a life\nUpdate: PersonY had passed out.\nstrengthener\n\nPremise: PersonX does n't catch any fish\nHypothesis: PersonX then starves\nUpdate: PersonX is camping and brought nothing else to eat.\nstrengthener\n\nPremise: PersonX talks out of turn\nHypothesis: PersonX is seen as assertive\nUpdate: PersonX is trying to be the leader of the project\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "strengthener\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Part 1. Definition\nIn this task, you are given inputs i,j, and A, where i and j are integers and A is a list. You need to concatenate all elements of A from the ith element to the jth element, and print the resultant string. i and j will be non-negative, and will always have a value less than the length of A. i will always be less than j.\nPart 2. Example\n6, 14, ['9545', '5185', '1667', 'w', 's', '9559', 'T', 'u', 'U', '6843', 'L', 'l', '6365', '7103', 'A', '2381', '5037', 'X', '4487', 'd']\nAnswer: 9559TuU6843Ll63657103\nExplanation: Here, concatenating all the elements between the 6th element and 14th element gives '9559TuU6843Ll63657103'.\nPart 3. Exercise\n1, 10, ['5751', 'Y', '6431', '1245', 'j', '8703', '5567', '6801', 'd', '9853', '1405', '5655']\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "5751Y64311245j870355676801d9853" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you're given a statement, the genre to which that statement belongs, and a label indicating if the statement should be agreed with (entailment), disagreed with (contradiction), or neither (neutral). Your job is to write a sentence that describes the genre that follows the tone with respect to the statement, as indicated by the label. If sentence X agrees with sentence Y, the can be concluded from one another. If sentence X disagrees with sentence Y, they can not be correct at the same time. The sentence must also belong to the genre specified.\n\nStatement: This possibility was confirmed by a further circumstance. \nLabel: contradiction.\nGenre: fiction.\nThis was never verified.\n\nStatement: Employees of the Federal Government provide service to their employer in exchange for compensation, of which some is received currently (the salary); and some is deferred (pensions, retirement health benefits, and other retirement benefits).\nLabel: contradiction.\nGenre: government.\nFederal Government employees are not eligible for pensions.\n\nStatement: Finally he grimaced.\nLabel: entailment.\nGenre: fiction.\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "He grimaced finally.\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Teacher: In this task you will be given a list of integers. You should only return an integer if the first digit is the same as the last digit in the number. If an integer has a single digit, then it should be returned. If there are no integers that start and end with the same digit then an empty list (\"[]\") should be returned.\nTeacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:\n[77, 999, 855, 10, 56, 121, 801]\nSolution: [77, 999, 121]\nReason: The integers 77, 999, and 121 are the only integers in the input list that start and end with the same digit.\n\nNow, solve this instance: [-253, 816, -859, -18, 691, 505, -716, 267, -203, -601, 229, 799, 623, 480, 336, -638, 9, 532, -169, 913, 965, -273, 691, -267, -975]\nStudent:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "[505, 9]" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: In this task, you're given a story (which contains five sentences only). Your task is to find all the characters which are available in the given story.\nQ: Sentence1: Grant wanted the admiration of one of his co-workers. Sentence2: He tried so hard to get it, even doing some of his work. Sentence3: Grant complained to me daily about how it wasn't working. Sentence4: One day his co-worker asked him to lunch. Sentence5: Grant told me that he was extremely excited when they went out!\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "I (myself), Co-worker, Grant" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Q: Given news headlines, an edited word and funniness labels. The original sentence has word with the given format {word}. Create new headlines by replacing {word} in the original sentence with edit word. Your task is to generate answer \"Yes\" if an edited sentence matches funniness label, otherwise generate answer \"No\". \nNews Headline: Chile election ends era of female presidents in Latin {America} \n Edit: Dance \n Label: Not Funny\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "No" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Instructions: Given an trivia question precisely answer the question with a word/phrase/name. External resources such as Wikipedia could be used to obtain the facts.\nInput: What is the name of the futuristic nation in the 2012 film 'The Hunger Games'?\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "the hunger games universe" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given a sentence and a profession that is mentioned in the sentence. The gender of the person with the given profession can be identified using the gendered pronouns that refer to them in the text. You are expected to identify the gender. Select from female and male.\n\nSentence: The cook prepared dinner for the counselor and he was praised for that.\n Profession: cook" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Male" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you're given the title of a five-sentence story, the first four sentences, and two options for the fifth sentence as a and b. Your job is to pick the sentence option that does not connect with the rest of the story, indicating your choice as 'a' or 'b'. If both sentences are plausible, pick the one that makes less sense.\n\nTitle: Forgetful Fred. Sentence 1: Fred had been working all day and really needed a snack. Sentence 2: He kept telling himself to eat but he would forget and keep working. Sentence 3: Fred's computer died while he was in the middle of a big project. Sentence 4: He decided to make himself a sandwich but his computer turned back on. Choices: a. Fred raced back to his computer but he left his sandwich behind. b. After he ate, he begun to scratch his body.\nb\n\nTitle: Suffocation. Sentence 1: Garek was bullied in school a lot. Sentence 2: He was what you'd consider a typical nerd. Sentence 3: He was really smart, but he had bad taste in fashion and had asthma. Sentence 4: One day he forgot to bring his inhaler to school with him. Choices: a. She decided to store her phone on the shelf at night. b. The nurse saved him with her spare when he started freaking out.\na\n\nTitle: Asian Man. Sentence 1: John Wu had just moved into his neighborhood in Ohio. Sentence 2: The neighbors had never seen an Asian man. Sentence 3: He told them he was from Taiwan. Sentence 4: They had never heard of that island. Choices: a. John Wu told them it was just a suburb of China. b. It took him several minutes.\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "b\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Part 1. Definition\nIn this task, you are given a question containing a blank (_) and two options. You should pick the best option to answer the question. Please answer with \"A\" or \"B\".\nPart 2. Example\nKatrina gave Christine a stuffed animal for their birthday, but _ already had this one. (A) Katrina (B) Christine\nAnswer: B\nExplanation: Since the blank is someone who received the gift and already had a stuffed animal, the answer must be \"Christine\".\nPart 3. Exercise\nSandra tried out a new conditioner for her hair that makes it curly, but was upset with the results because the _ was too straight. (A) conditioner (B) hair\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "B" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "instruction:\nIn this task, you will be shown a conversation. You need to write a question with three choices for the conversation. Your question should be answerable based on the conversation and only have one correct answer. Note that you don't need to answer your question. \"W\" and \"M\" in the conversations stand for \"woman\" and \"man\".\nquestion:\nW: Dad, I can't walk anymore, let alone climb up. I'm exhausted. My toes hurt. M: Cheer up, Jenny. We'll get to the top of the hill in five minutes if you can carry on. Come on!\nanswer:\nWhat are they probably doing? (A) They're having a walk. (B) They're climbing hills. (C) They're doing some shopping.\n\n\nquestion:\nW: I really want to know why Nancy is always so hostile toward me. M: Did you ever think of just coming right out and asking her?\nanswer:\nWhat does the man think the woman should do? (A) Be hostile to Nancy. (B) Ask Nancy to come out. (C) Talk to Nancy herself.\n\n\nquestion:\nDaughter: Dad, can I go to a movie this week with Shannon? Father: Here. Try this. It's called a book. [Ah, Dad!] Moby Dick. An American classic. [Dad!] Okay. Let me look at the schedule here. Hmm. When are you thinking about going to the movie? Daughter: Uh, we're thinking about seeing a movie on Wednesday after school. Father: Well, that's not going to work. You have piano lessons after school and then you have to babysit for the neighbors until 9:00. Daughter: What about Monday? Father: Monday's out. You haven't practiced your clarinet at all ... for an entire month, so you have to catch up on that. And, don't you have an essay due in your English class on Tuesday? Daughter: Oh, I forgot about that [Yeah], and anyway, I was going to finish that during first period at school. [Great. I've never heard of a three-sentence essay.] So, what about Tuesday? Father: Uh, you have soccer practice from 4:00 until 5:30, and after that, you have to do your homework. Daughter: Ah, you can help me with that. Oh, I forgot you don't know how to do geometry. So, can I see the movie on Thursday? Father: Well, remember the science fair at school is on Friday, right? Is, is your project finished yet? Daughter: Umm, what about Friday night? I checked the paper, and there's a midnight showing. Father: Uh-uh. Forget that idea. Daughter: And Saturday? Father: Well, you have to do your chores in the morning before noon. [You can help me with that.] Oh no. And then, we have to clean out the garage. You said you'd help. [No, you volunteered me.] Well, that should only take a couple of hours. [Dad, you're ruining my social life.] And then, after that, we can go to the movie. Daughter: We? Father: Yeah, We. Mom and I and you and Shannon. Daughter: Uh, Dad, actually. We weren't planning on company. Father: Now, let me check the paper for showtimes. [The movie plays at three oh five, five, seven fifteen, and nine.] You already checked, I see. Daughter: Yeah. So is it okay? Can I go see the nine O'clock showing? Father: The five o'clock showing! Daughter: How about the seven o'clock showing? Father: And why are you so concerned about the show time? Daughter: Well, I don't know if I'll get all of my chores and homework done before then. Father: Sorry, but I want you to get to bed early that night, and so, I can drop you off at the movie theater about 4:30 so you'll have time to get tickets. Daughter: Uh, Dad. Can I have money for the movie? Father: Sure, just go into the family bank vault behind secret mirror in the hall and take a few hundred. [Dad!]. Look. I can only spare a few dollars, so you'll have to come up with the rest, okay? Daughter: Okay. Thanks, Dad.\nanswer:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "What one thing does the girl NOT have to do on Wednesday after school? (A) practice the piano (B) take care of children (C) finish homework assignments\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Teacher: Given a part of privacy policy text, identify the type of personal information which is collected, used, tracked or retained. The type of information should be present inside the given policy text, answer as 'Not Specified' otherwise\nTeacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:\nThe site collects your cookies or tracking elements for a basic service or feature. Collection happens in an unspecified way, and your data is aggregated or anonymized.\nSolution: Cookies and tracking elements\nReason: The type of user information collected is clearly stated in the given policy text as 'cookies or tracking elements'\n\nNow, solve this instance: The site collects your website activities for analytics or research. Collection happens when you implicitly provide information by other websites.\nStudent:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "User online activities" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: In this task you will be given a text passage from a trivia quiz. You should choose the category this question belongs to from these categories: History, Science, Social Science, Fine Arts, Literature. You can only choose one category, so if in doubt, please choose the closest match.\nQ: The title character of one of this man's novels was raised in the house of his godfather Mayakin and often goes drinking with his childhood friend, a satirical journalist named Ezhoff. That title character is confined to an insane asylum after he gives a long speech revealing the misdeeds of the rich businessmen in attendance. Another of his novels sees the hunchbacked Nikita attempt to become a monk, at which he eventually fails, leading him to hang out with the revolutionary Tikhon Vialov. In that novel by this man, Ilya appears in the town of Dromov and builds a linen factory, which is eventually taken over by his son Pyotr. This author of Foma Gordeyev wrote a play, which ends with the Actor hanging himself after losing the support of the optimistic Luka. That play is set in a flophouse owned by Vasilissa, who has an affair with Pepel, and her husband Kostilyoff. For 10 points, identify this proponent of socialist realism, the Russian author of The Artamanov Business and The Lower Depths.\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Literature" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you're given a review from Amazon and your task is to generate the name of the category of the product based on the review given by the user. The categories are: kitchen, office product, watch, wireless, other, toy, digital video download, camera, jewelry, pet products, sports, industrial supplies, baby product, grocery, drugstore, home improvement, pc, shoes, automotive, digital ebook purchase, musical instruments, beauty, book, electronics, lawn and garden, apparel, home, video games, luggage, furniture, personal care appliances.\nExample: Arrived broken. Manufacturer defect. Two of the legs of the base were not completely formed, so there was no way to insert the casters. I unpackaged the entire chair and hardware before noticing this. So, I'll spend twice the amount of time boxing up the whole useless thing and send it back with a 1-star review of part of a chair I never got to sit in. I will go so far as to include a picture of what their injection molding and quality assurance process missed though. I will be hesitant to buy again. It makes me wonder if there aren't missing structures and supports that don't impede the assembly process.\nExample solution: furniture\nExample explanation: The customer gives a review of the product which belongs to the furniture category because we can see it from the way the customer describes his experience sharing how he unpackaged his chair.\n\nProblem: I was not happy this this purchase. No matter how many attempts the case snaps on the side didn't work. I think it was defective. Also the stand isn't connected to the OtterBox. Poor design wish I would have returned now it just sits here. Waste of money. I have always used OtterBox for my devices but this isn't worth the money.\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Solution: pc" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: In this task, you're given the title and three arbitrary sentences out of a five-sentence story. You are also given three additional sentence options, a, b, and c, that may or may not belong to the story. Your job is to pick the two options that seamlessly connect with the rest of the story; note that the selected choices may fit into the story at any point. Indicate your selected choices in order, i.e., as 'ab'/'bc'/'ac' and not as 'ba'/'ca'/'cb'. If options are equally plausible, pick the ones that make more sense.\nQ: Title: The congregation was sad, but the pastor told them it was a blessing. They were able to have a larger building constructed. This was helpful since the congregation was continuing to grow. Choices: a. When she was done she felt so relieved. b. A tornado hit one church in town and destroyed it. c. The church had plenty of insurance coverage.\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "bc" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: Answer the question from the given passage. Your answer should be directly extracted from the passage, and it should be a single entity, name, or number, not a sentence.\nProblem:Passage: Since the 2005 revival, the Doctor generally travels with a primary female companion, who occupies a larger narrative role. Steven Moffat described the companion as the main character of the show, as the story begins anew with each companion and she undergoes more change than the Doctor. The primary companions of the Ninth and Tenth Doctors were Rose Tyler (Billie Piper), Martha Jones (Freema Agyeman), and Donna Noble (Catherine Tate) with Mickey Smith (Noel Clarke) and Jack Harkness (John Barrowman) recurring as secondary companion figures. The Eleventh Doctor became the first to travel with a married couple, Amy Pond (Karen Gillan) and Rory Williams (Arthur Darvill), whilst out-of-sync meetings with River Song (Alex Kingston) and Clara Oswald (Jenna Coleman) provided ongoing story arcs. The tenth series will introduce Pearl Mackie as Bill, the Doctor's newest traveling companion. Question: Who is the new companion for the 10th series of the revival?\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Pearl Mackie as Bill" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Q: In this task, you're given a context passage. Your job is to generate relevant questions that can be answered by directly referring to the passage.\nLee french kissed their partner. They are in a romantic relationship.\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "What does Lee need to do before this?" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task you are given a sentence. You must judge whether the main verb of the sentence is in present or past tense. Label the instances as \"Present\" or \"Past\" based on your judgment. If there is no verb in the given text, answer \"Present\".\n\n[Q]: \" Yeah, thanks... \" Jeff pinched the bridge of his nose, groaning.\n[A]: Past\n\n\n[Q]: she exclaimed before shaking our hands.\n[A]: Past\n\n\n[Q]: She never disappears until someone actually needs something. \"\n[A]:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Present\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "instruction:\nCategorize the comment on the basis of threat. If the comment is threatening output Yes, otherwise output No.\nquestion:\nthey sound like Trump republicans,, and yes, they need to go away for good\nanswer:\nYes\n\n\nquestion:\nIf Mr. Crazy gets elected, we might as well all climb into the half-track, because will be going to Hell in it and he will be the driver.\nanswer:\nYes\n\n\nquestion:\nAmerican gold should be mined by American corporations, and kept in American banks. Pebble needs to return to Canada.\nanswer:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "No\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the task definition and input, reply with output. Generate an appropriate single-sentence summary for the given text such that it includes the main topic of the text.\n\nJonathan MarcusDiplomatic correspondent@Diplo1on Twitter It has ensured the survival of the Assad regime at the same time expanding its own small military footprint in the country. But the diplomatic ramifications too have been considerable. It, not the United States, is the \"go to\" player. Russia is marshalling a loose alliance of Iran and Turkey to try to plot Syria's future. Even the Saudis have had to beat a path to Moscow's door. Russia drew its own lessons from a series of Western military interventions over the past two decades. It watched with alarm as the US and its allies hailed the upheavals of the Arab Spring as the dawn of a new era of democracy in the Middle East. Russia's conclusions were more pragmatic and more pessimistic. And it subsequently applied those lessons in Syria. Russia did not see the popular rebellion there as the positive harbinger of a new democratic order. Rather it was seen as part of a wider tide of instability rising across the region that threatened to lap over Russia's own borders. Crucially, it made a pragmatic assessment of the situation. It chose to stick with its long-time ally, Mr Assad. It defined its strategic goals quite narrowly and, crucially, it deployed sufficient military force to carry them out. In short, it saw an opportunity and acted. Russian air power, special forces and equipment gave a military backbone to President Assad's crumbling forces, with Iran's allies like Hezbollah and various other Shia militias providing badly needed foot soldiers. Together they allowed President Assad to defeat both rebel forces and so-called Islamic State across a significant part of the country. Syrian government forces and their allies have taken back all of Syria's major population centres. The opposition is not totally destroyed but it is largely demoralised. As Prof Joshua Landis, a Syrian expert at the University of Oklahoma, told me: \"There remain a number of militias that have not given up and continue to win foreign backing, but they are almost uniquely arranged along the border with Turkey. \"They will continue to give Assad a hard time, until he crushes them or comes to terms with Turkey about their disposition. \"Otherwise,\" he argues, \"the opposition has been largely dismantled. It is possible that secret cells will try to carry on with strikes on government buildings and explosions in crowded markets, but the Assad government demonstrated considerable skill and ruthlessness in rolling up such terror organisations before the uprising broke out.\" Russia has achieved this \"victory\" - if you want to call it that - by the simple exercise of realpolitik with little concern about what its many critics would call the morality of its actions. Russia sided with a regime that many people believe was not just turning its guns on its own people but was carrying out war crimes. It has shielded the Syrian government from pressure over strongly based allegations that it has used banned sarin gas and other chemical weapons. The Russian air campaign obeyed its own rules and typically used large numbers of \"dumb\" or unguided bombs and missiles. The US and its allies have tended to use largely precision-guided weapons in their operations over Iraq and Syria. (These, of course, still kill innocent civilians, often far more than the military spokesmen are prepared to admit.) But the fact remains that Western air power, mindful, not least, of public opinion at home, does go to great lengths to minimise civilian casualties as far as possible. Russia's leaders have no such constraints. And to the extent that Russian domestic opinion is a factor, Mr Putin has achieved success in Syria with relatively few Russian casualties and with a relatively limited military deployment. So is it all over for the Syrian opposition? Prof Landis says that \"it will be very hard for those that live in exile to maintain a serious military option in the future so long as Syria's neighbours are unwilling to sponsor them and provide them safe havens as they were in the past. \"Of course,\" he notes, \"millions of Syrian opposition members now living as refugees or outside the country revile Putin and Russia and continue to look to Western governments to destroy the Syrian regime and return them to their country. \"Like the White Russians of 100 years ago, (the exiled conservative opponents of the Bolshevik Revolution) they are likely to be disappointed.\" Russia has secured a military victory but can it win the \"peace\"? Well it emerges from this crisis with its diplomatic hand strengthened. In many ways it outplayed the Obama administration - Washington's efforts to build and arm a coherent Syrian opposition collapsed a number of times - and it has run rings round President Trump's team. Some of Washington's allies like Turkey, who had long called for President Assad's removal, ultimately decided that they needed to secure their own strategic interests. For Ankara this is the prevention of the emergence of any autonomous Kurdish entity and thus they have thrown in their lot with Moscow and Tehran. The Trump administration is yet to elaborate a coherent policy towards Syria or indeed for its broader goal of containing Iran's rising regional influence. It has few levers to pull. The only successful element of US strategy has been its support for and arming of Kurdish fighters. If the US maintains its support for the Kurds then Joshua Landis says Washington \"will be able to beggar the Syrian government and maintain leverage in the region. The US has helped the Kurds take control of most of Syria's oil and gas fields. This means that Syria will have a much harder time rebuilding. \"The US effort to keep Damascus weak and poor\", he says, \"will also limit the victory of both Russia and Iran in the region. But strategically, by choosing to side with the Kurds, Washington will continue to alienate Turkey, Syria and Iraq.\" But Mr Trump's stance towards the Kurds seems clouded in uncertainty with reports emerging that he has assured the Turks that arms supplies to Kurdish fighters will now be halted in the wake of IS's defeat. As so often with this presidency the news seems to have caught other members of the administration off balance. Such a stance may help to pacify Ankara but it will be seen as a betrayal by the Kurds and may weaken them if the Syrian government decides to go onto the offensive. Russia too may face diplomatic problems ahead. Moscow, Damascus, Ankara and Tehran may be united for now, but their medium-term strategic goals may differ. Russia is under pressure from the Israelis to curb Iran's influence in Syria. Israel may not be able to bring much diplomatic pressure to bear on Moscow but it clearly has the military power to seek to influence developments in Syria if it feels threatened. And will Turkey, Russia and Iran continue to see eye-to-eye ? Russia's real plans for Syria's future are unclear. It has assiduously worked with some opposition groups to bring them into local ceasefire arrangements. But this is essentially short-term. Will these hold? Will the Syrian regime have the manpower to maintain its control over the areas it has recaptured? Will the Shia militias and Hezbollah remain in the country? And whose interests will they be serving, Syria's or Iran's? Russia's \"victory\" - if you want to call it that - is far from complete. If Moscow really has a plan for Syria, few details have been provided so far. Russia certainly has a whip hand over the developing peace process, but its goals remain opaque. Will President Assad himself remain a fixture or merely the regime that he represents? For now though, Mr Putin has many achievements that he can bank. Russia has been shown to be a reliable ally. Its military forces have shown their ability to mount a complex expeditionary operation. Syria has provided a \"shop-window\" for many of Russia's most modern weapons systems. Russia is again a significant diplomatic player in the Middle East in a way that it has not been since the early 1970s. Indeed then it was probably already a waning force. Today it is a rising one facing a US diplomatic effort that is largely incoherent. Russia is back on the world stage. And if you set aside the misery and suffering in Syria to which all of the external actors have contributed, that ranks as an achievement in Mr Putin's playbook.\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Russia has emerged from the Syrian crisis with its military and diplomatic reputation significantly enhanced. But this has been achieved amid huge controversy over the means used and amid much international criticism." } ]

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