AndyChiang/dgen · Datasets at Hugging Face

sentence stringlengths 21 624	distractors sequence	answer stringlengths 2 32
In SWOT analysis, blank of the following refers to factors in the external environment	[ "strengths", "strategies", "weaknesses ", "trends" ]	opportunities
A marketing plan begins with an executive summary, which quickly overviews goals and blank.	[ "budgets", "controls", "promotions", "obstacles" ]	recommendations
According to the textbook, your boss is most likely referring to blank when she mentions "doing things right."	[ "strategy", "planning", "objectives", "efficiency" ]	implementation
IBM has its sales and marketing people assigned to markets in specific countries, regions, and districts. This is an example of blank type of marketing organization	[ "product", "functional", "divisional", "psychographic" ]	geographic
Berman Electric, a chain of 18 appliance stores, has a marketing organization in blank specialists head different marketing activities. What is this type of organization called	[ "geographic", "product", "organic", "market" ]	functional
The current mission statement of the Girl Scouts of America reads "where girls grow strong." The organization's former mission statement had read "to prepare young girls for motherhood and wifely duties." This change reflects the guideline that mission statements should be blank.	[ "realistic", "motivating", "narrow", "specific" ]	market-oriented
When the makers of a ballpoint pen state they are in the communication equipment business, they are defining their mission too blank.	[ "narrowly", "realistically", "specifically", "futuristically" ]	broadly
Emerson Studios, a chain of 25 portrait stores in five states, has organized its marketing organization into groups headed by a sales manager, an advertsing manager, and a customer-service manager. blank type of organization is this	[ "geographic", "product", "customer", "market" ]	functional
not a type of factor in a company 's macroenvironment is blank of the following	[ "demographic", "economic", "technological", "political" ]	competitive
A blank is defined as any group that has an actual or potential interest in, or impact on, an organization's ability to achieve its objectives.	[ "team", "competitor", "market", "intermediary" ]	public
A radio station that carries news, features, and editorial opinions about your area is blank type of public	[ "financial", "citizen-action", "local", "government" ]	media
A consumer organization, environmental group, or minority group has challenged your firm's stand on a local issue. Your firm is being challenged by a blank public.	[ "local", "general", "government", "media" ]	citizen-action
Workers, managers, and members of the board are all part of a company's blank public.	[ "general", "local", "intermediary", "market" ]	internal
blank of market buys goods and services for further processing or for use in the production process	[ "reseller", "wholesale", "consumer", "retail" ]	business
blank of market buys goods and services to produce public services or to transfer them to others who need them	[ "reseller", "wholesale", "consumer", "retail" ]	government
Rachel Patino works for a wholesale company called Distributors Unlimited. She is responsible for buying and selling goods at a profit to small retailers. blank is her market	[ "business", "wholesale", "consumer", "retail" ]	reseller
Your marketing department is currently researching the size, density, location, age, and occupations of your target market. blank environment is being researched	[ "psychographic", "economic", "geographic", "cultural" ]	demographic
The three largest generational groups in America are the baby boomers, Generation Xers, and blank.	[ "seniors", "teens", "tweens", "toddlers" ]	Millennials
Over the past two decades, the U.S. population has shifted most heavily toward the blank states.	[ "Midwestern", "Northern", "Southeastern", "Northeastern" ]	Sunbelt
Nearly 10 percent of American workers currently work out of their homes with technological conveniences such as PCs, Internet access, and fax machines. These workers are referred to as the blank market.	[ "micropolitan", "mobile", "independent", "contract" ]	SOHO
The blank environment consists of factors that affect consumer purchasing power and spending patterns.	[ "cultural", "political", "technological", "natural" ]	economic
A country with a blank economy consumes most of its own agricultural and industrial outputs and offers few market opportunities.	[ "industrial", "service", "technological", "rural" ]	subsistence
A country with a blank economy has rich markets for many different kinds of goods.	[ "service", "developing", "subsistence", "multicultural" ]	industrial
Marketers should be aware of laws, government agencies, and pressure groups that influence or limit various organizations and individuals in a given society. This is most accurately described as the blank environment.	[ "socio-legal", "cultural", "legal-technological", "economic" ]	political
A society's basic values, perceptions, preferences, and behaviors are all part of its blank environment.	[ "social", "political", "cultural-economic", "natural" ]	cultural
Marketers should understand that a society's core beliefs and values have a high degree of blank.	[ "flexibility", "similarity", "ethnocentrism", "conformity" ]	persistence
Your company is making negotiations to enter a market in Lower Albania. You would most likely discover that blank beliefs and values are open to change in this country.	[ "inherited", "primary", "core", "traditional" ]	secondary
Innovations is a producer of electronic circuits that power a variety of technological devices produced by other companies. Innovations sells its products to blank markets.	[ "government", "consumer", "internal", "financial" ]	business
ING, an international insurance and financial services company, is the primary sponsor of the annual New York City Marathon, blank is attended by over one million fans and watched by approximately 300 million viewers worldwide. The ING logo and name appear throughout the race course. ING most likely sponsors the event in order to appeal to blank type of public	[ "financial", "local", "government", "internal" ]	general
Jack Weiss recently won a $10 million lottery. Jack's life will change a great deal, particularly how he spends money. According to Engel's laws, Jack is LEAST likely to change the percentage of his income that he spends on blank of the following	[ "food", "entertainment", "utilities", "savings" ]	housing
As indicated in the chapter opener, change in the blank environment has had the most impact on the marketing strategy at Xerox.	[ "natural", "economic", "cultural", "political" ]	technological
A regional supermarket chain runs print, radio, and television advertisements announcing that 1% of each of its sales is donated to local after-school programs for underprivileged youth. This is an example of blank marketing.	[ "generational", "sustainable", "tiered", "cultural" ]	cause-related
The objective of blank research is to gather preliminary information that will help define the problem and suggest hypotheses.	[ "descriptive", "causal", "primary", "secondary" ]	exploratory
Information collected from online databases is an example of blank data.	[ "primary", "observational", "experimental", "ethnographic" ]	secondary
For primary data to be useful to marketers, it must be relevant, current, unbiased, and blank.	[ "complete", "inexpensive", "collected before secondary data", "experimental" ]	accurate
Survey research, though used to obtain many kinds of information in a variety of situations, is best suited for gathering blank information.	[ "interpersonal", "causal", "exploratory", "creative" ]	descriptive
Experimental research is best suited for gathering blank information.	[ "exploratory", "interactive", "preferential", "descriptive" ]	causal
Observational research is best suited for gathering blank information.	[ "causal", "interactive", "preferential", "descriptive" ]	exploratory
blank of the following contact methods has the poorest response rate	[ "telephone", "personal", "online", "individual" ]	mail
You want to observe how often consumers listen to music throughout their day and what different audio devices they use. You are also interested in how consumers store and access their own music collections. You should conduct blank research.	[ "causal", "experimental", "secondary", "survey" ]	exploratory
blank of research would be best suited for identifying which demographic groups prefer diet soft drinks and why they have this preference	[ "exploratory", "causal", "experimental", "secondary" ]	descriptive
When ZIBA designers looking for ideas on how to craft a shower-cleaning tool spent 10 days in people's homes, watching consumers wash shower stalls, they were conducting blank research.	[ "survey", "experimental", "secondary", "personal" ]	ethnographic
Most large companies research blank buying decisions to find out what they buy, where they buy, how and how much they buy, when they buy, and why they buy.	[ "market", "permanent", "social", "group" ]	consumer
Marketing stimuli consist of the four Ps. blank is NOT one of these	[ "product", "price", "promotion", "place" ]	politics
In the model of buyer behavior, which of the following is NOT a major type of force or event in the buyer's environment? blank	[ "economic", "technological", "political", "cultural" ]	channel
Brand personality is a mix of human traits attributed to a brand. blank of the following is NOT a brand personality trait as discussed in your text	[ "sincerity", "excitement", "competence", "sophistication" ]	emotion
A blank is a need that is sufficiently pressing to direct a person to seek satisfaction.	[ "stimulus", "perception", "culture", "tradition" ]	motive
blank are subtle stimuli that determine where, when, and how a person responds to an idea.	[ "Drives", "Messages", "Personalities", "Impulses" ]	Cues
A blank is a descriptive thought that a person has about something.	[ "lifestyle", "motive", "attitude", "perception" ]	belief
A blank is a person's relatively consistent evaluations, feelings, and tendencies toward an object or idea.	[ "lifestyle", "motive", "belief", "perception" ]	attitude
The consumer can obtain information from any of several sources. blank of the following is NOT one of these types of sources	[ "personal", "commercial", "public", "experiential" ]	attitude
The most effective sources from which consumers obtain information are blank because they legitimize or evaluate products for the buyer.	[ "commercial", "public", "experimental", "experiential" ]	personal
not one of the stages that customers go through in the process of learning about and making decisions about a new product or service is blank of the following	[ "awareness", "interest", "evaluation", "trial" ]	culture
The Pure Drug Company produces insulin, a product with a very stable demand, even though the price has changed several times in the past two years. Insulin is a product with blank demand.	[ "joint", "service", "elastic", "fluctuating" ]	inelastic
The demand for many business goods and services tends to change more, and more quickly, than the demand for consumer goods and services does. This is referred to as blank demand.	[ "derived", "inelastic", "elastic", "supplier" ]	fluctuating
Large business purchasers usually call for detailed product specifications, written purchase orders, careful supplier searches, and formal approval. These are all examples of how the business buying decision process is more blank than the consumer buying decision process is.	[ "creative", "relationship-oriented", "independent", "concentrated" ]	formalized
blank have formal or informal power to select or approve the final suppliers	[ "users", "influencers", "gatekeepers", "buyers" ]	deciders
A blank controls the flow of information to others in the buying center.	[ "user", "influencer", "buyer", "decider" ]	gatekeeper
Don Amspacher, in his role on the buying committee, provides information for evaluating the alternative purchase decisions and helps define and set specifications for evaluating alternatives for purchasing. Don is a blank.	[ "user", "decider", "gatekeeper", "buyer" ]	influencer
Gretchen Kabor has formal authority to select the suppliers and arrange terms of purchase for many of the items her firm uses. Her role in the buying center is that of blank.	[ "user", "influencer", "decider", "gatekeeper" ]	buyer
blank of the following types of factors influencing members of a buying center are typically the most difficult for marketers to assess	[ "economic", "technological", "organizational", "political" ]	interpersonal
Policies, procedures, and systems are all examples of blank influences on business buyer behavior.	[ "environmental", "authoritative", "interpersonal", "cultural" ]	organizational
Status, empathy, and persuasiveness are all examples of blank influences on business buyer behavior.	[ "environmental", "individual", "organizational", "cultural" ]	interpersonal
Sage, Inc., provides food services to schools, hospitals, and nursing homes in the Midwest. Management at Sage is involved in the blank market.	[ "government", "not-for-profit", "local", "global" ]	institutional
U.S. Government Purchasing, Specifications, and Sales Directory is a blank publication.	[ "independent", "e-procurement", "for-profit", "B-to-B" ]	government
Giant Food Stores buy a lot of frozen turkey products at Thanksgiving and Christmas due to high consumer demand. This is an example of blank demand.	[ "joint", "elastic", "fluctuating", "inelastic" ]	derived
Demand for outboard motors depends on consumers purchasing fishing boats. This is an example of blank demand.	[ "fluctuating", "joint", "contrived", "leisure" ]	derived
ABC Enterprises sold 9,000 units @ $2.99/unit in July. The firm sold 9,000 units @ $4.29/unit in August. This illustrates blank demand.	[ "derived", "contrived", "fluctuating", "joint" ]	inelastic
One of Dr. Albrecht's dental assistants told the dentist he should buy a machine that would sterilize his tools without using any water because water tends to cause the tools to rust or corrode over time. In terms of the buying center, the dental assistant had the role of blank.	[ "initiator", "buyer", "gatekeeper", "liaison" ]	influencer
One of Dr. Albrecht's dental assistants told the dentist he should buy a machine that would sterilize his tools without using any water because water tends to cause the tools to rust or corrode over time. Dr. Albrecht, who runs a solo practice in a small rural town, located some articles on the chemical sterilizer and read about how the machine works. After gathering more information and talking to salespeople, Dr. Albrecht placed his order for the machine. In terms of the buying center, Dr. Albrecht had the role of blank.	[ "initiator", "agent", "influencer", "liaison" ]	decider
A trucking company is considering purchasing new trucks that are powered by ethanol instead of diesel fuel. In terms of the buying center, the truck drivers who must make sure that the trucks do not run out of fuel are the blank.	[ "initiators", "deciders", "buyers", "influencers" ]	users
Your firm has decided to localize its products and services to meet local market demands. A good approach to use would be blank segmentation.	[ " benefit", " end-use", " customer", " image" ]	geographic
Pendergraff Pet Supplies divides the pet market according to the owners' race, occupation, income, and family life cycle. blank type of segmentation does Pendergraff use	[ "geographic", "behavioral", "lifestyle", "psychographic" ]	demographic
Through talking to numerous competitors at a regional trade show, you learn that most of them use the most popular base for segmenting markets. blank is it	[ "gender", "psychographic", "behavioral", "geographic" ]	demographic
Which type of segmentation centers on the use of the word blank, such as blank consumers get the idea to buy, blank they actually make their purchase, or blank they use the purchased item	[ "behavioral", "psychographic", "impulse", "emergency" ]	occasion
When the size, purchasing power, and profiles of a market segment can be determined, it possesses the requirement of being blank.	[ "accessible", "substantial", "actionable", "observable" ]	measurable
When a business market segment is large or profitable enough to serve, it is termed blank.	[ "measurable", "accessible", "actionable", "differentiable" ]	substantial
When an effective program can be designed for attracting and serving a chosen segment, the segment is best described as blank.	[ "accessible", "measurable", "reachable", "differentiable" ]	actionable
You have discovered that the segments you are targeting are conceptually distinguishable and respond differently to different marketing mix elements and programs. These segments are blank.	[ "accessible", "measurable", "reachable", "observable" ]	differentiable
When New Port Shipping uses segmented marketing, it targets several segments and designs separate offers for each one. This approach is called blank marketing.	[ "undifferentiated ", "target ", "individual", "niche" ]	differentiated
Developing a strong position within several segments creates more total sales than blank marketing across all segments.	[ "differentiated", "niche", "target", "individual" ]	undifferentiated
blank of the segmenting strategies carries higher-than-average risks in consumer markets	[ "mass", "differentiated", "undifferentiated", "multiple-segment" ]	concentrated
As You Like It, Inc., customizes its offers to each individual consumer. This practice of tailoring products and marketing programs to suit the tastes of specific individuals and locations is referred to as blank marketing.	[ "niche", "mass", "differentiated", "undifferentiated" ]	micro
The move toward individual marketing mirrors the trend in consumer blank.	[ "self-imaging", "customizing", "tastes", "self-conceptualization" ]	self-marketing
When competitors use differentiated or concentrated marketing, blank marketing can be disastrous.	[ "differentiated", "concentrated", "customized", "localized" ]	undifferentiated
It is considered socially irresponsible when the marketing of adult products spills over into the blank segment.	[ "elderly", "animal", "minority", "senior" ]	child
Most attempts to target children and minority groups provide blank to target customers.	[ "education", "disadvantages", "harm", "expenses" ]	benefits
blank determines a product 's position relative to competing products	[ "manufacturers", "wholesalers", "retailers", "suppliers" ]	consumers
When firms use symbols, colors, or characters to convey their personalities, they are using blank differentiation.	[ "people", "company", "reputation", "subliminal" ]	image
A brand difference is worth establishing and promoting to the extent that it satisfies all of the criteria below EXCEPT blank one	[ "important", "distinctive", "affordable", "noticeable" ]	divisible
blank competitive positioning can attack a more-for-more strategy by introducing a brand offering with comparable quality at a lower price	[ "more-for-less ", "same-for-less ", "less-for-much-less ", "all-or-nothing " ]	more-for-the-same
blank offers consumers a `` good deal '' by offering equivalent-quality products or services at a lower price	[ "more-for-the-same ", "more-for-less ", "less-for-much-less ", "all-or-nothing " ]	same-for-less
Few people can afford the best in everything they buy. At times everyone needs a product with less quality or performance with a correspondingly lower price. In this case a consumer would purchase a product positioned with a blank strategy.	[ "more-for-the-same ", "more-for-less ", "same-for-less ", "all-or-nothing " ]	less-for-much-less
blank attempts to deliver the `` best-of-both ''	[ "more-for-the-same ", "same-for-less ", "less-for-much-less ", "more-for-more" ]	more-for-less
The markets you have chosen to serve in four western states can be effectively reached and served. You would tell the marketing manager that these segments are blank.	[ "measurable", "substantial", "actionable", "profitable" ]	accessible
The Jay Group hires better employees than the competition by conducting lengthy searches and interviews. Management also trains employees much better than competitors do. The Jay Group has gained a strong competitive advantage through blank type of differentiation	[ "image", "services", "product", "channel" ]	people
Ford Motor Company emphasizes "Quality FirstFord Tough" in its truck products. In doing so, the company has developed a differentiation strategy based on blank.	[ "people", "products", "services", "positioning" ]	image
Neiman Marcus claims superior quality, performance, and style. The owners provide the most upscale products and services and charge a higher price to cover the higher costs. blank type of positioning does Neiman Marcus use	[ "more-for-the-same ", "repositioning ", "the-same-for-less ", "more-for-less" ]	more-for-more
When it first opened for business, Home Depot claimed to offer better products at lower prices. This hard-to-sustain value proposition is called blank.	[ "more-for-the-same ", "more-for-more ", "same-for-less ", "same-for-more" ]	more-for-less
Product planners must design the actual product and find ways to blank it in order to create the bundle of benefits that will provide the most satisfying customer experience.	[ "promote", "package", "brand", "present" ]	augment

In SWOT analysis, **blank** of the following refers to factors in the external environment

[ "strengths", "strategies", "weaknesses ", "trends" ]

opportunities

A marketing plan begins with an executive summary, which quickly overviews goals and **blank**.

[ "budgets", "controls", "promotions", "obstacles" ]

recommendations

According to the textbook, your boss is most likely referring to **blank** when she mentions "doing things right."

[ "strategy", "planning", "objectives", "efficiency" ]

implementation

IBM has its sales and marketing people assigned to markets in specific countries, regions, and districts. This is an example of **blank** type of marketing organization

[ "product", "functional", "divisional", "psychographic" ]

geographic

Berman Electric, a chain of 18 appliance stores, has a marketing organization in **blank** specialists head different marketing activities. What is this type of organization called

[ "geographic", "product", "organic", "market" ]

functional

The current mission statement of the Girl Scouts of America reads "where girls grow strong." The organization's former mission statement had read "to prepare young girls for motherhood and wifely duties." This change reflects the guideline that mission statements should be **blank**.

[ "realistic", "motivating", "narrow", "specific" ]

market-oriented

When the makers of a ballpoint pen state they are in the communication equipment business, they are defining their mission too **blank**.

[ "narrowly", "realistically", "specifically", "futuristically" ]

broadly

Emerson Studios, a chain of 25 portrait stores in five states, has organized its marketing organization into groups headed by a sales manager, an advertsing manager, and a customer-service manager. **blank** type of organization is this

[ "geographic", "product", "customer", "market" ]

functional

not a type of factor in a company 's macroenvironment is **blank** of the following

[ "demographic", "economic", "technological", "political" ]

competitive

A **blank** is defined as any group that has an actual or potential interest in, or impact on, an organization's ability to achieve its objectives.

[ "team", "competitor", "market", "intermediary" ]

public

A radio station that carries news, features, and editorial opinions about your area is **blank** type of public

[ "financial", "citizen-action", "local", "government" ]

media

A consumer organization, environmental group, or minority group has challenged your firm's stand on a local issue. Your firm is being challenged by a **blank** public.

[ "local", "general", "government", "media" ]

citizen-action

Workers, managers, and members of the board are all part of a company's **blank** public.

[ "general", "local", "intermediary", "market" ]

internal

**blank** of market buys goods and services for further processing or for use in the production process

[ "reseller", "wholesale", "consumer", "retail" ]

business

**blank** of market buys goods and services to produce public services or to transfer them to others who need them

[ "reseller", "wholesale", "consumer", "retail" ]

government

Rachel Patino works for a wholesale company called Distributors Unlimited. She is responsible for buying and selling goods at a profit to small retailers. **blank** is her market

[ "business", "wholesale", "consumer", "retail" ]

reseller

Your marketing department is currently researching the size, density, location, age, and occupations of your target market. **blank** environment is being researched

[ "psychographic", "economic", "geographic", "cultural" ]

demographic

The three largest generational groups in America are the baby boomers, Generation Xers, and **blank**.

[ "seniors", "teens", "tweens", "toddlers" ]

Millennials

Over the past two decades, the U.S. population has shifted most heavily toward the **blank** states.

[ "Midwestern", "Northern", "Southeastern", "Northeastern" ]

Sunbelt

Nearly 10 percent of American workers currently work out of their homes with technological conveniences such as PCs, Internet access, and fax machines. These workers are referred to as the **blank** market.

[ "micropolitan", "mobile", "independent", "contract" ]

SOHO

The **blank** environment consists of factors that affect consumer purchasing power and spending patterns.

[ "cultural", "political", "technological", "natural" ]

economic

A country with a **blank** economy consumes most of its own agricultural and industrial outputs and offers few market opportunities.

[ "industrial", "service", "technological", "rural" ]

subsistence

A country with a **blank** economy has rich markets for many different kinds of goods.

[ "service", "developing", "subsistence", "multicultural" ]

industrial

Marketers should be aware of laws, government agencies, and pressure groups that influence or limit various organizations and individuals in a given society. This is most accurately described as the **blank** environment.

[ "socio-legal", "cultural", "legal-technological", "economic" ]

political

A society's basic values, perceptions, preferences, and behaviors are all part of its **blank** environment.

[ "social", "political", "cultural-economic", "natural" ]

cultural

Marketers should understand that a society's core beliefs and values have a high degree of **blank**.

[ "flexibility", "similarity", "ethnocentrism", "conformity" ]

persistence

Your company is making negotiations to enter a market in Lower Albania. You would most likely discover that **blank** beliefs and values are open to change in this country.

[ "inherited", "primary", "core", "traditional" ]

secondary

Innovations is a producer of electronic circuits that power a variety of technological devices produced by other companies. Innovations sells its products to **blank** markets.

[ "government", "consumer", "internal", "financial" ]

business

ING, an international insurance and financial services company, is the primary sponsor of the annual New York City Marathon, **blank** is attended by over one million fans and watched by approximately 300 million viewers worldwide. The ING logo and name appear throughout the race course. ING most likely sponsors the event in order to appeal to **blank** type of public

[ "financial", "local", "government", "internal" ]

general

Jack Weiss recently won a $10 million lottery. Jack's life will change a great deal, particularly how he spends money. According to Engel's laws, Jack is LEAST likely to change the percentage of his income that he spends on **blank** of the following

[ "food", "entertainment", "utilities", "savings" ]

housing

As indicated in the chapter opener, change in the **blank** environment has had the most impact on the marketing strategy at Xerox.

[ "natural", "economic", "cultural", "political" ]

technological

A regional supermarket chain runs print, radio, and television advertisements announcing that 1% of each of its sales is donated to local after-school programs for underprivileged youth. This is an example of **blank** marketing.

[ "generational", "sustainable", "tiered", "cultural" ]

cause-related

The objective of **blank** research is to gather preliminary information that will help define the problem and suggest hypotheses.

[ "descriptive", "causal", "primary", "secondary" ]

exploratory

Information collected from online databases is an example of **blank** data.

[ "primary", "observational", "experimental", "ethnographic" ]

secondary

For primary data to be useful to marketers, it must be relevant, current, unbiased, and **blank**.

[ "complete", "inexpensive", "collected before secondary data", "experimental" ]

accurate

Survey research, though used to obtain many kinds of information in a variety of situations, is best suited for gathering **blank** information.

[ "interpersonal", "causal", "exploratory", "creative" ]

descriptive

Experimental research is best suited for gathering **blank** information.

[ "exploratory", "interactive", "preferential", "descriptive" ]

causal

Observational research is best suited for gathering **blank** information.

[ "causal", "interactive", "preferential", "descriptive" ]

exploratory

**blank** of the following contact methods has the poorest response rate

[ "telephone", "personal", "online", "individual" ]

mail

You want to observe how often consumers listen to music throughout their day and what different audio devices they use. You are also interested in how consumers store and access their own music collections. You should conduct **blank** research.

[ "causal", "experimental", "secondary", "survey" ]

exploratory

**blank** of research would be best suited for identifying which demographic groups prefer diet soft drinks and why they have this preference

[ "exploratory", "causal", "experimental", "secondary" ]

descriptive

When ZIBA designers looking for ideas on how to craft a shower-cleaning tool spent 10 days in people's homes, watching consumers wash shower stalls, they were conducting **blank** research.

[ "survey", "experimental", "secondary", "personal" ]

ethnographic

Most large companies research **blank** buying decisions to find out what they buy, where they buy, how and how much they buy, when they buy, and why they buy.

[ "market", "permanent", "social", "group" ]

consumer

Marketing stimuli consist of the four Ps. **blank** is NOT one of these

[ "product", "price", "promotion", "place" ]

politics

In the model of buyer behavior, which of the following is NOT a major type of force or event in the buyer's environment? **blank**

[ "economic", "technological", "political", "cultural" ]

channel

Brand personality is a mix of human traits attributed to a brand. **blank** of the following is NOT a brand personality trait as discussed in your text

[ "sincerity", "excitement", "competence", "sophistication" ]

emotion

A **blank** is a need that is sufficiently pressing to direct a person to seek satisfaction.

[ "stimulus", "perception", "culture", "tradition" ]

motive

**blank** are subtle stimuli that determine where, when, and how a person responds to an idea.

[ "Drives", "Messages", "Personalities", "Impulses" ]

Cues

A **blank** is a descriptive thought that a person has about something.

[ "lifestyle", "motive", "attitude", "perception" ]

belief

A **blank** is a person's relatively consistent evaluations, feelings, and tendencies toward an object or idea.

[ "lifestyle", "motive", "belief", "perception" ]

attitude

The consumer can obtain information from any of several sources. **blank** of the following is NOT one of these types of sources

[ "personal", "commercial", "public", "experiential" ]

attitude

The most effective sources from which consumers obtain information are **blank** because they legitimize or evaluate products for the buyer.

[ "commercial", "public", "experimental", "experiential" ]

personal

not one of the stages that customers go through in the process of learning about and making decisions about a new product or service is **blank** of the following

[ "awareness", "interest", "evaluation", "trial" ]

culture

The Pure Drug Company produces insulin, a product with a very stable demand, even though the price has changed several times in the past two years. Insulin is a product with **blank** demand.

[ "joint", "service", "elastic", "fluctuating" ]

inelastic

The demand for many business goods and services tends to change more, and more quickly, than the demand for consumer goods and services does. This is referred to as **blank** demand.

[ "derived", "inelastic", "elastic", "supplier" ]

fluctuating

Large business purchasers usually call for detailed product specifications, written purchase orders, careful supplier searches, and formal approval. These are all examples of how the business buying decision process is more **blank** than the consumer buying decision process is.

[ "creative", "relationship-oriented", "independent", "concentrated" ]

formalized

**blank** have formal or informal power to select or approve the final suppliers

[ "users", "influencers", "gatekeepers", "buyers" ]

deciders

A **blank** controls the flow of information to others in the buying center.

[ "user", "influencer", "buyer", "decider" ]

gatekeeper

Don Amspacher, in his role on the buying committee, provides information for evaluating the alternative purchase decisions and helps define and set specifications for evaluating alternatives for purchasing. Don is a **blank**.

[ "user", "decider", "gatekeeper", "buyer" ]

influencer

Gretchen Kabor has formal authority to select the suppliers and arrange terms of purchase for many of the items her firm uses. Her role in the buying center is that of **blank**.

[ "user", "influencer", "decider", "gatekeeper" ]

buyer

**blank** of the following types of factors influencing members of a buying center are typically the most difficult for marketers to assess

[ "economic", "technological", "organizational", "political" ]

interpersonal

Policies, procedures, and systems are all examples of **blank** influences on business buyer behavior.

[ "environmental", "authoritative", "interpersonal", "cultural" ]

organizational

Status, empathy, and persuasiveness are all examples of **blank** influences on business buyer behavior.

[ "environmental", "individual", "organizational", "cultural" ]

interpersonal

Sage, Inc., provides food services to schools, hospitals, and nursing homes in the Midwest. Management at Sage is involved in the **blank** market.

[ "government", "not-for-profit", "local", "global" ]

institutional

U.S. Government Purchasing, Specifications, and Sales Directory is a **blank** publication.

[ "independent", "e-procurement", "for-profit", "B-to-B" ]

government

Giant Food Stores buy a lot of frozen turkey products at Thanksgiving and Christmas due to high consumer demand. This is an example of **blank** demand.

[ "joint", "elastic", "fluctuating", "inelastic" ]

derived

Demand for outboard motors depends on consumers purchasing fishing boats. This is an example of **blank** demand.

[ "fluctuating", "joint", "contrived", "leisure" ]

derived

ABC Enterprises sold 9,000 units @ $2.99/unit in July. The firm sold 9,000 units @ $4.29/unit in August. This illustrates **blank** demand.

[ "derived", "contrived", "fluctuating", "joint" ]

inelastic

One of Dr. Albrecht's dental assistants told the dentist he should buy a machine that would sterilize his tools without using any water because water tends to cause the tools to rust or corrode over time. In terms of the buying center, the dental assistant had the role of **blank**.

[ "initiator", "buyer", "gatekeeper", "liaison" ]

influencer

One of Dr. Albrecht's dental assistants told the dentist he should buy a machine that would sterilize his tools without using any water because water tends to cause the tools to rust or corrode over time. Dr. Albrecht, who runs a solo practice in a small rural town, located some articles on the chemical sterilizer and read about how the machine works. After gathering more information and talking to salespeople, Dr. Albrecht placed his order for the machine. In terms of the buying center, Dr. Albrecht had the role of **blank**.

[ "initiator", "agent", "influencer", "liaison" ]

decider

A trucking company is considering purchasing new trucks that are powered by ethanol instead of diesel fuel. In terms of the buying center, the truck drivers who must make sure that the trucks do not run out of fuel are the **blank**.

[ "initiators", "deciders", "buyers", "influencers" ]

users

Your firm has decided to localize its products and services to meet local market demands. A good approach to use would be **blank** segmentation.

[ " benefit", " end-use", " customer", " image" ]

geographic

Pendergraff Pet Supplies divides the pet market according to the owners' race, occupation, income, and family life cycle. **blank** type of segmentation does Pendergraff use

[ "geographic", "behavioral", "lifestyle", "psychographic" ]

demographic

Through talking to numerous competitors at a regional trade show, you learn that most of them use the most popular base for segmenting markets. **blank** is it

[ "gender", "psychographic", "behavioral", "geographic" ]

demographic

Which type of segmentation centers on the use of the word **blank**, such as **blank** consumers get the idea to buy, **blank** they actually make their purchase, or **blank** they use the purchased item

[ "behavioral", "psychographic", "impulse", "emergency" ]

occasion

When the size, purchasing power, and profiles of a market segment can be determined, it possesses the requirement of being **blank**.

[ "accessible", "substantial", "actionable", "observable" ]

measurable

When a business market segment is large or profitable enough to serve, it is termed **blank**.

[ "measurable", "accessible", "actionable", "differentiable" ]

substantial

When an effective program can be designed for attracting and serving a chosen segment, the segment is best described as **blank**.

[ "accessible", "measurable", "reachable", "differentiable" ]

actionable

You have discovered that the segments you are targeting are conceptually distinguishable and respond differently to different marketing mix elements and programs. These segments are **blank**.

[ "accessible", "measurable", "reachable", "observable" ]

differentiable

When New Port Shipping uses segmented marketing, it targets several segments and designs separate offers for each one. This approach is called **blank** marketing.

[ "undifferentiated ", "target ", "individual", "niche" ]

differentiated

Developing a strong position within several segments creates more total sales than **blank** marketing across all segments.

[ "differentiated", "niche", "target", "individual" ]

undifferentiated

**blank** of the segmenting strategies carries higher-than-average risks in consumer markets

[ "mass", "differentiated", "undifferentiated", "multiple-segment" ]

concentrated

As You Like It, Inc., customizes its offers to each individual consumer. This practice of tailoring products and marketing programs to suit the tastes of specific individuals and locations is referred to as **blank** marketing.

[ "niche", "mass", "differentiated", "undifferentiated" ]

micro

The move toward individual marketing mirrors the trend in consumer **blank**.

[ "self-imaging", "customizing", "tastes", "self-conceptualization" ]

self-marketing

When competitors use differentiated or concentrated marketing, **blank** marketing can be disastrous.

[ "differentiated", "concentrated", "customized", "localized" ]

undifferentiated

It is considered socially irresponsible when the marketing of adult products spills over into the **blank** segment.

[ "elderly", "animal", "minority", "senior" ]

child

Most attempts to target children and minority groups provide **blank** to target customers.

[ "education", "disadvantages", "harm", "expenses" ]

benefits

**blank** determines a product 's position relative to competing products

[ "manufacturers", "wholesalers", "retailers", "suppliers" ]

consumers

When firms use symbols, colors, or characters to convey their personalities, they are using **blank** differentiation.

[ "people", "company", "reputation", "subliminal" ]

image

A brand difference is worth establishing and promoting to the extent that it satisfies all of the criteria below EXCEPT **blank** one

[ "important", "distinctive", "affordable", "noticeable" ]

divisible

**blank** competitive positioning can attack a more-for-more strategy by introducing a brand offering with comparable quality at a lower price

[ "more-for-less ", "same-for-less ", "less-for-much-less ", "all-or-nothing " ]

more-for-the-same

**blank** offers consumers a `` good deal '' by offering equivalent-quality products or services at a lower price

[ "more-for-the-same ", "more-for-less ", "less-for-much-less ", "all-or-nothing " ]

same-for-less

Few people can afford the best in everything they buy. At times everyone needs a product with less quality or performance with a correspondingly lower price. In this case a consumer would purchase a product positioned with a **blank** strategy.

[ "more-for-the-same ", "more-for-less ", "same-for-less ", "all-or-nothing " ]

less-for-much-less

**blank** attempts to deliver the `` best-of-both ''

[ "more-for-the-same ", "same-for-less ", "less-for-much-less ", "more-for-more" ]

more-for-less

The markets you have chosen to serve in four western states can be effectively reached and served. You would tell the marketing manager that these segments are **blank**.

[ "measurable", "substantial", "actionable", "profitable" ]

accessible

The Jay Group hires better employees than the competition by conducting lengthy searches and interviews. Management also trains employees much better than competitors do. The Jay Group has gained a strong competitive advantage through **blank** type of differentiation

[ "image", "services", "product", "channel" ]

people

Ford Motor Company emphasizes "Quality FirstFord Tough" in its truck products. In doing so, the company has developed a differentiation strategy based on **blank**.

[ "people", "products", "services", "positioning" ]

image

Neiman Marcus claims superior quality, performance, and style. The owners provide the most upscale products and services and charge a higher price to cover the higher costs. **blank** type of positioning does Neiman Marcus use

[ "more-for-the-same ", "repositioning ", "the-same-for-less ", "more-for-less" ]

more-for-more

When it first opened for business, Home Depot claimed to offer better products at lower prices. This hard-to-sustain value proposition is called **blank**.

[ "more-for-the-same ", "more-for-more ", "same-for-less ", "same-for-more" ]

more-for-less

Product planners must design the actual product and find ways to **blank** it in order to create the bundle of benefits that will provide the most satisfying customer experience.

[ "promote", "package", "brand", "present" ]

augment