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211,160,581 | {
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"DOI": "10.1289/EHP5337",
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} | Background: In spring 2013, groundwater of a vast area of the Veneto Region (northeastern Italy) was found to be contaminated by perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from a PFAS manufacturing plant active since the late 1960s. Residents were exposed to high concentrations of PFAS, particularly perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), through drinking water until autumn 2013. A publicly funded health surveillance program is under way to aid in the prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of chronic disorders possibly associated with PFAS exposure. Objectives: The objectives of this paper are: a) to describe the organization of the health surveillance program, b) to report serum PFAS concentrations in adolescents and young adults, and c) to identify predictors of serum PFAS concentrations in the studied population. Methods: The health surveillance program offered to residents of municipalities supplied by contaminated waterworks includes a structured interview, routine blood and urine tests, and measurement of 12 PFAS in serum by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. We studied 18,345 participants born between 1978 and 2002, 14–39 years of age at recruitment. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify sociodemographic, lifestyle, dietary, and reproductive predictors of serum PFAS concentrations. Results: The PFAS with the highest serum concentrations were PFOA [median 44.4 ng/mL, interquartile range (IQR) 19.3–84.9], perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) (median 3.9 ng/mL, IQR 1.9–7.4), and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) (median 3.9 ng/mL, IQR 2.6–5.8). The major predictors of serum levels were gender, municipality, duration of residence in the affected area, and number of deliveries. Overall, the regression models explained 37%, 23%, and 43% of the variance of PFOA, PFOS, and PFHxS, respectively. Conclusions: Serum PFOA concentrations were high relative to concentrations in populations with background residential exposures only. Interindividual variation of serum PFAS levels was partially explained by the considered predictors. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5337 | 2022-12-22T17:54:36.928Z |
1,467,588 | {
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"DOI": "10.3168/JDS.S0022-0302(05)73110-6",
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} | A simple extraction-free or direct quantitative ELISA for progesterone in bovine milk whey was developed. Whey samples are easy to collect, transport, and store. This method also allows for monitoring progesterone levels in cattle, which is important in reproductive management. The assay was designed to cover the concentration range 0.05 to 2 ng/mL, and the sensitivity of the method was 1.5 pg/mL. The intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were 8 and 12%, respectively. A high correlation (r = 0.90) between ELISA and radioimmunoassay measurements of progesterone in the same milk whey samples was obtained. The method can be easily applied in practice because samples can be stored at room temperature (22 to 26 degrees C) for 4 d. Moreover, because analysis requires milk coagulation, that process can be initiated during transport by standard mail services to the laboratory. Upon arrival at the laboratory, whey can be kept refrigerated for 1 wk before analysis. This tool is useful for monitoring luteal activity of dairy cows. | 2022-12-26T15:36:18.636Z |
18,922,242 | {
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"DOI": "10.1002/9780470030585.CH2",
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} | A direct form of 'experiential understanding' of others is achieved by modelling their behaviours as intentional experiences on the basis of the equivalence between what the others do and feel and what we do and feel. This modelling mechanism is embodied simulation. By means of embodied simulation we do not just 'see' an action, an emotion, or a sensation. Side by side with the sensory description of the observed social stimuli, internal representations of the body states associated with actions, emotions, and sensations are evoked in the observer, as if he/she would be doing a similar action or experiencing a similar emotion or sensation. Mirror neurons are likely the neural correlate of this mechanism. The mirror neuron matching systems map the different intentional relations in a compressed fashion, which is neutral about the specific quality or identity of the agentive/subjective parameter. By means of a shared neural state realized in two different bodies that nevertheless obey to the same functional rules, the 'objectual other' becomes 'another self'. | 2022-12-23T08:09:45.263Z |
229,307,089 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICLO48556.2020.9285723",
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} | Reducing the frequency of relapses after surgical removal of glial tumors is a non-trivial task due to their infiltrative growth. The main way to solve this problem is fluorescent intraoperative navigation. However, in the absence of accumulation of a fluorescent marker in the tumor tissues, other diagnostic parameters are required to find the boundaries of such tumors. Raman spectroscopy has the advantages of optical spectroscopy such as speed and non-invasiveness. With an exhaustive database of reference spectra of those components that can be expressed in glial tumors, Raman scattering spectroscopy allows multivariate diagnosis of such tumors and their intraoperative demarcation. | 2022-01-27T07:50:18.892Z |
147,583,051 | {
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"DOI": "10.1177/003463733002700440",
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} | Professor Phelps is eminently qualified by training and experience to write just such a book, and in this e~ceedingly interesting volume he has done a superb piece of work. There are "hundreds of hints, illustrations and ideas" for every wideawake, conscientious pUiblic speaker. Almost every phase of this important subject is dealt with in a clear and readable way. The book is arranged in twenty c'hapters and is so free from the pedantry and technical which usually characterize books of this nature, that one finds it a permanent source of help and stimulation. It is designed, supremely, for practical use, and while written for ministers especially, its sane treatment of the art of speaking is so striking that it will be of 'high value to all who speaks in public. This book will serve not only as a mirror into which the reader can look to discover his faults and "mannerisms", but it will equally encourage and train for more effective speaking and preaching "all along the line." It is really a valuaJble contribution. F. M. POWELL. | 2022-02-09T05:20:49.214Z |
118,269,132 | {
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"DOI": "10.15587/1729-4061.2015.42814",
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"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "http://journals.uran.ua/eejet/article/download/42814/41211"
} | Robust control system of non-stationary object with unknown variable limited state delay under disturbances was synthesized using only the measured value of the object output signal and calculated values of the observer of derivatives of additional loop and observer of pseudoderivatives of the main loop. The idea of calculation of pseudoderivatives lies in using the calculation formula of derivatives with the introduction of additional corrective matrix, which in the last line, at the observer matrix dimension of ³2, includes the values, accordingly depending on the number m, determining the gain of pseudoderivatives. Based on the proposed calculation algorithm of pseudoderivatives instead of the algorithm of derivatives of the observer of the main control loop, object control error with the specified uncertainty class of up to 7×10 -4 , which is by 37 times less than the error of the current system with the same value of the coefficient m was reduced. Comparative transients confirm the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive control method of non-stationary objects of the given uncertainty class based on the observer of pseudoderivatives. | 2022-02-09T22:48:39.010Z |
168,704,090 | {
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"DOI": "10.1063/1.5003554",
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"url": "https://aip.scitation.org/doi/pdf/10.1063/1.5003554"
} | Vocational Secondary School (VSS) as one of the educational institutions has a mission or purpose to prepare a workforce who can fill job requirements and qualified professionals who are expected to play a role as a featured tool for business and industry in Indonesia in facing global competition. The principle of industrial cooperation between schools and business world has the objective to accelerate the adjustment period needed by vocational high school graduates to enter the workforce, which eventually will improve the quality of the vocational high schools. A scope of activities that would enable both sides to implement the activities is necessary to be applied during the cooperation. The types of programs that will be conducted consist of the Internship Program, Training Program, Production Program (innovative product), and Graduate Distribution Program. Such programs also implement the strategies of cooperation, such as recruitment, career fair, human resource delivery to the company, hiring proces... | 2022-07-04T09:18:07.051Z |
251,553,569 | {
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"DOI": "10.52403/ijhsr.20220814",
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"url": "https://doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20220814"
} | The process of respiration is mandatory for the living beings so as to provide oxygen for carrying out their metabolic activities and elimination of toxins from the body. The whole concept is elaborated in Ayurveda as the shwasana kriya which involves prana vayu and pranavaha srotasa. Also for the management of any respiratory disorders, the treatment regimen stated includes therapies, medicaments and practice of pranayama or breathing exercises. In today’s world, lung diseases are a major reason for disabilities and fatalities. We are currently witnessing the era of COVID-19 pandemic, which has hampered the homoeostasis of the body involving various organ systems, the prime target being the respiratory system. Therefore, the knowledge imparted by our Ayurvedic science to improve the physiological functioning of this system and to manage the associated pathologies, which has been illustrated exquisitely, can be utilized. Through this article, an attempt is being made to understand the concept of respiration and co-relate it with the Ayurvedic counterpart.
Key words: Prana, Prana vayu, Pranavaha srotasa, Phupphusa, Shwasana . | 2022-08-30T20:32:46.559Z |
20,577,052 | {
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"DOI": "10.1684/epd.2011.0421",
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} | Rufinamide is a triazole derivative structurally unrelated to other antiepileptic drugs that is indicated for the adjunctive treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) in patients aged ≥4 years. Originally granted orphan drug status, marketing authorisation was obtained on the basis of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted in 138 LGS patients. An open-label extension study subsequently demonstrated that rufinamide's efficacy and tolerability were maintained over the longer term (median duration of treatment, 432 days). Recently published reports from Europe and the United States have described the use of adjunctive rufinamide to treat LGS in clinical practice. These data complement the clinical trial results, by providing information on the efficacy and tolerability of rufinamide when used on an individualised basis in real-world practice, under less tightly restricted conditions in terms of patient population and dosing strategies. A comparison of the data reveals that a "lower and slower" dosing strategy tends to be adopted in clinical practice, in comparison with the clinical trial, which does not appear to compromise efficacy, but may provide improvements in tolerability. Individual case reports provide additional valuable information on how rufinamide is being used to treat different seizure types associated with LGS. Since clinical experience with rufinamide is currently at an early stage, there are still unanswered questions relating to its use, and it is likely that its place in the adjunctive treatment of LGS will evolve as further data emerge. | 2022-09-11T07:32:43.929Z |
225,789,227 | {
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"DOI": "10.4000/nuevomundo.80597",
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"license": "CCBYNCND",
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"url": "https://doi.org/10.4000/nuevomundo.80597"
} | Este articulo analiza la fase de descomposicion del regimen de Alfredo Stroessner (1954-89) en Paraguay desde 1982 en adelante y busca entender la naturaleza de su caida en torno al concepto de ‘sultanismo’. Se divide en tres secciones. La primera analiza las caracteristicas del regimen en torno a su concordancia con el sultanismo, una forma de control politico personalizado identificado por Max Weber. La segunda seccion presenta un relato de la fase de descomposicion del regimen, resaltando el papel asumido por los principales actores sociales del entonces. La tercera y ultima seccion intenta demostrar que el concepto de sultanismo tambien ayuda para entender la naturaleza de este proceso de descomposicion y la eventual caida misma del regimen. | 2022-09-12T07:17:59.248Z |
211,216,713 | {
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"DOI": "10.1108/imds-03-2019-0183",
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} |
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to help online retailers who have an existing reselling channel to figure out the risk of introducing an additional marketplace channel and identify the introduction threshold with an overall consideration to the fulfilment cost and services.
Design/methodology/approach
In order to evaluate the risk of the marketplace channel strategy, this paper develops a Retailer–Stackelberg pricing model. Products are divided into two categories according to different fulfilment cost–value ratio to get a more targeted strategy.
Findings
The results show that the strategy of introducing the marketplace is not always satisfying. Retailers prefer this strategy when they are the prevailing parties in service output. The overall trend is that retailers have to encourage their marketplace partners to improve services for the product with a big fulfilment cost–value ratio. Otherwise, retailers should block the marketplace from entering.
Research limitations/implications
For an intuitive conclusion, this paper assumes that the operating costs (except fulfilment cost) are equal in two channels. This suggests a need to further investigate the impact of other costs. Meanwhile, it would be interesting to examine the competition among suppliers and retailers.
Practical implications
This research provides the suggestions for online retailers who want to introduce and well manage the marketplace channel.
Social implications
This research also helps both academia and industry become more intelligent about the significant influences of category management on channel strategy.
Originality/value
Most prior research is unaware of the risk of introducing a new channel, which also rarely considers how to manage it. This research points out that the effectiveness of this channel strategy differs in different categories. Moreover, retailers can benefit from managing the marketplace’s service output.
| 2022-10-03T16:12:24.811Z |
117,472,052 | {
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"DOI": "10.1109/TAES.2018.2879549",
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} | This paper investigates the parameter coupling of range, Doppler, and direction of arrival (DOA) for wavelength diverse (WLD) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar with time-division multiplexing (TDM). In particular, the Cramér–Rao Bound for such a WLD-MIMO system is calculated and used for a novel array and wavelength design approach. Furthermore, a multitarget DOA estimation algorithm is presented, which can handle the WLD- and TDM-induced parameter coupling. Finally, simulations demonstrate the performance of the proposed method and the benefit over traditional MIMO. | 2022-09-30T00:16:38.510Z |
158,474,272 | {
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"DOI": "10.35842/jtir.v12i34.102",
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"url": "http://jti.respati.ac.id/index.php/jurnaljti/article/download/102/93"
} | AbstrakPromosi saat ini merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam suatu bisnis pada perusahaan. Persaingan dengan penyedia barang jasa lain menjadi alasan utama dilaksanakannya kegiatan promosi pada suatu perusahaan.Sekolah sebagai lembaga penyedia jasa pendidikan perlu belajar dan memiliki inisiatif untuk meningkatkan kepuasan pelanggan (siswa), karena pendidikan merupakan proses sirkuler yang saling mempengaruhi dan berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan strategi pemasaran jasa pendidikan untuk memenangkan kompetisi antar sekolah serta untuk meningkatkan akselerasi peningkatan kualitas dan profesionalisme manajemen sekolah.Sistem Penunjang Keputusan dibuat untuk membantu pengguna dalam mengambil keputusan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membuat sistem penunjang keputusan pemilihan tempat promosi pada tingkat Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan.Kata Kunci : SPK, Promosi, Sekolah | 2022-12-10T17:41:03.967Z |
21,538,943 | {
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"DOI": "10.1210/jc.2013-1505",
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"url": "https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article-pdf/98/8/3095/10780999/jcem3095.pdf"
} | Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable bone dysplasia characterized by bone fragility and deformity and growth deficiency. Most cases of OI (classical types) have autosomal dominant inheritance and are caused by mutations in the type I collagen genes. During the past several years, a number of noncollagenous genes whose protein products interact with collagen have been identified as the cause(s) of rare forms of OI. This has led to a paradigm shift for OI as a collagen-related condition. The majority of the non-classical OI types have autosomal recessive inheritance and null mutations in their respective genes. The exception is a unique dominant defect in IFITM5, which encodes Bril and leads to hypertrophic callus and interosseous membrane ossification. Three recessive OI types arise from defects in any of the components of the collagen prolyl 3-hydroxylation complex (CRTAP, P3H1, CyPB), which modifies the collagen α1(I)Pro986 residue. Complex dysfunction leads to delayed folding of the procollagen triple helix and increased helical modification. Next, defects in collagen chaperones, HSP47 and FKBP65, lead to improper procollagen folding and deficient collagen cross-linking in matrix, respectively. A form of OI with a mineralization defect is caused by mutations in SERPINF1, whose protein product, PEDF, is a well-known antiangiogenesis factor. Defects in the C-propeptide cleavage enzyme, BMP1, also cause recessive OI. Additional genes, including SP7 and TMEM38B, have been implicated in recessive OI but are as yet unclassified. Elucidating the mechanistic pathways common to dominant and recessive OI may lead to novel therapeutic approaches to improve clinical manifestations. | 2022-12-18T08:37:51.421Z |
226,659,586 | {
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"DOI": "10.5281/ZENODO.4003811",
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} | Rapidly increasing technological developments, increased comfort elements and all the employees trying to serve humanity aim to increase our quality of life. Although the quality of life increases with the increase in the level of welfare, some problems arise both mentally and physically with decreasing movement and exertion approach. One of the most important consequences of our desire to keep most of our system active and healthy is to walk. For individuals who have to work long hours in the workplace, walking is extremely important for increasing the quality of life. The materials and technical details, route of walkways are oriented with the landscape design aim to give the users a feeling of walking in nature most of the time. This study aims to design a walkway consisting of uninterrupted and racetrack passing through natural areas in Terzioglu Campus of Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University. A sustainable route through which the long and short routes and information units will be established. As a result of the study, technical details will be prepared and submitted to the relevant authorities. Thus, it is aimed that the users can walk in more natural places and improve their quality of life unlike the walkways in the city center. | 2022-02-07T23:45:31.379Z |
226,541,723 | {
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"DOI": "10.1017/rqx.2020.47",
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} | Scolari in Hungary and who shared close business ties with them. Finally, chapter 5 explores connections between the Scolari and various artisans, all of whom were connected to the Scolari in multiple ways demonstrating the ways that artisans would participate in elite networks. Of particular interest in chapter 5 is the section on Manetto di Jacopo Amannatini, the Fat Woodcarver of Antonio Manetti’s tale, who served the Scolari for years as a woodcarver and architect. One overwhelming feature of these chapters is the variety of ways in which any two individuals were connected to one another. In each of these three chapters, Prajda focuses on individuals. Her portraits are meticulous and rounded, drawing on genealogies, guild records, government documents, and census materials, to name only a few, located in Florence, Hungary, and points in between. She looks at numerous status markers, a multitude of economic information, and possible associations through neighborhood or guild associations. These sketches of the individuals and their ties demonstrate the confusing, inconsistent, and hard-to-trace nature of Florentine alliances, as well as the depth of the Florentine archives and the detail that a dedicated and clever historian can extract from them. Prajda is as deeply familiar with the Hungarian sources and historiography as she is with Italian materials. As she makes clear, Hungary was a thriving economy, a complex centralized state, and an increasingly important ally in peninsular politics. But while Florentine fortunes and reputations could be made in Hungary, it is ultimately the Florentines who are her subject. Her contribution is bringing to light the extensive networks of Florentines in general, of those tied to Hungary in particular, and pointing her audience to the extensive historiography already in existence on the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. As such, Network and Migration is a vital addition to the literature on Italian social, business, and political networks and the movement of Florentines abroad. | 2022-01-27T03:44:44.734Z |
247,133,760 | {
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"DOI": "10.51202/0947-7527-2022-8-059-1",
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} | Die Regionalgesellschaft Edeka Minden-Hannover baut sukzessive die Ottifanten-Produktwelt in ihren Märkten aus. Auch 2022 soll wieder ein zweistelliger Millionenbereich erreicht werden. Weitere Neuheiten und Sammelaktionen sind geplant. | 2022-02-27T16:52:22.249Z |
247,237,618 | {
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"DOI": "10.1515/zna-2021-0327",
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} | Abstract The realization of water splitting at a commercial scale is one of the major obstacles to the development of a viable and long-term hydrogen economy. In this regard 3d-transition metals (TMs) doped anatase TiO2 slabs are investigated to understand the role of magnetism in water splitting using density functional theory (DFT). The structural stability of various 3d-TMs (V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) doped in TiO2 ultrathin films have been investigated. The electronic band structures show that the doping of 3d-TMs makes the bandgap of TiO2 narrow which leads to the improvement of photo-reactivity as well as maintains the strong redox potential. The large magnetic moment of Fe- and Mn-doped slabs indicates that high charge transfer to water molecules with low adsorption energy. The results demonstrate that V, Fe, and Co doping makes the slabs ferromagnetic (FM), whereas Cr, Mn, Ni, and Cu doping makes the slabs non-magnetic. The water molecule is placed on each FM slab and their splitting behavior has been analyzed thoroughly. It was concluded that magnetism does not affect water splitting. | 2022-06-04T13:21:35.837Z |
143,151,376 | {
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} | Tracing the sources of American attitudes towards teachers and teaching, the author discusses the influence of Puritan ideology and the intimate linkage of teaching to the ministry in colonial New England. He analyzes career patterns of Harvard tutors and the role of the University in providing educators for the Province. | 2022-08-24T23:59:39.086Z |
19,405,451 | {
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} | Sequential activation of muscle-specific transcription factors is the critical basis for myogenic differentiation. However, the complexity of this process does not exclude the possibility that other molecules and systems are regulatory as well. We observed that myogenic differentiation proceeded through three distinct stages of proliferation, elongation and fusion, which are distinguishable by their cellular morphologies and gene expression patterns of proliferation- and differentiation-specific markers. Treatment of the differentiating myoblasts with inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) revealed that MMP activity at the elongation stage is a critical prerequisite to complete the successive myoblast cell fusion. The MMP regulated the myogenic differentiation independently from the genetic program that governs expression of the myogenic genes. Membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) was identified as a major contributor to this checkpoint for morphological differentiation and degraded fibronectin, a possible inhibitory factor for myogenic cell fusion. A MT1-MMP deficiency caused similar myogenic impediments forming smaller myofibers in situ. Additionally, the mutant mice demonstrated some central nucleation of the myofibers typically found in muscular dystrophy and MT1-MMP was found to cleave laminin-2/4 in the basement membrane. Thus, MT1-MMP is a new multilateral regulator for muscle differentiation and maintenance through processing of stage-specific distinct ECM substrates. | 2022-12-17T15:55:08.071Z |
97,804,456 | {
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"DOI": "10.1021/JP051985F",
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} | A theoretical model was developed on basis of nonequilibrium thermodynamics, dislocation kinetics, and electrochemistry, which may lead to the quantitative assessment of material loss produced by the synergism of mechanical and electrochemical factors in an erosion-corrosion process, As predicted by this model, the synergistic effect results mainly from the interaction of two irreversible fluxes, namely, the anodic dissolution current density and the plastic flowing in the surface layer caused by dynamic plastic deformation. An enhanced anodic dissolution flux is induced by the dynamic surface plastic deformation resulting from the impingement of solid particles, which can be correlated to the wastage rate due to the mechanical erosion. Meanwhile, the anodic current present at the electrode surface, in turn, can increase the mobility of dislocation and reduce the resistance in the surface layer against plastic deformation. Such an effect is demonstrated by the hardness degradation of metals in corrosive media. Theoretical analysis indicates that the corrosion-induced hardness degradation is a linear function of the logarithm of anodic current density. The degradation of mechanical erosion resistance with decreasing hardness suggests that the corrosion-enhanced erosion may result from the degradation in hardness of target material induced by the anodic dissolution and the corresponding wastage is also a linear function of the logarithm of anodic current density. The theoretical predictions were compared with the experimental results of carbon steels obtained form the slurry-erosion tests and the micro-hardness measurements. The results indicate that the hardness degradation in corrosive media is mainly controlled by the anodic current density and is almost independent of the polarization behavior of steels. | 2022-12-25T18:16:22.292Z |
25,100,393 | {
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} | The blood-brain barrier (BBB) constitutes a major obstacle in drug delivery to the brain. Focused Ultrasound (FUS) in conjunction with microbubbles has been shown to open the BBB non-invasively, locally and transiently to allow the delivery of molecules to the tissue parenchyma. Neurturin (NTN), a member of the glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor family, has been demonstrated to have neuroprotective and regenerative effects on dopaminergic neurons, suggesting its therapeutic potential for Parkinson's disease (PD). The caudate putamen (CP) and substantia nigra (SN) are the brain structures mostly affected in PD animal models, and were selected as the target areas in this study. First, fluorescently tagged dextrans and gadolinium, were used for the optimization of the acoustic parameters and sonication locations for efficient and safe drug delivery in both CP and SN. The FUS parameters were selected as follows: 1.5 MHz (center frequency), 0.45 MPa peak-negative acoustic pressure, 10 Hz PRF, 1 min duration on each location. Polydisperse manufactured in-house lipid-coated microbubbles (8 × 105 #/g) were used. Fluorescence microscopy and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) were used to quantify and assess the BBB opening characteristics. NTN (20 mg/ kg, Invitrogen, CA, USA) diluted in saline was injected to CB57/bl wild type mice (25 g). The diffusion and the downstream signaling bioactivity were detected using immunostaining for RET, ERK1/2 and CREB, and microscopy. ELISA was performed to quantify the amount of NTN in the sonicated regions and was measured to be 210.58 ng, i.e., 0.04% of the 500 μg injected intravenously. These findings confirm the effective delivery of NTN to the murine brain parenchyma which could serve as a good therapeutic candidate for reversing the degenerative phenotype in PD animal models. | 2022-02-12T18:21:25.161Z |
211,112,646 | {
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"DOI": "10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00099",
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} | The reaction of nucleophilic tertiary amines with trifluoromethyl and pentafluoroethyl methyl ethers provides quaternary ammonium trifluoromethoxide (NR4OCF3) and pentafluoroethoxide (NR4OCF2CF3) salts, respectively, in good yields. The new trifluoromethoxide salts disclosed herein are uniquely stable for extended periods of time in both the solid state and in solution, which complements contemporary reagents. Here we describe the preparation of a range of NR4OCF3 salts, their long-term stability, and utility in substitution reactions. | 2022-09-12T11:24:05.242Z |
2,717,779 | {
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"DOI": "10.1109/APSEC.2005.76",
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} | Poorly structured code is hard to maintain and read. Program refactoring can improve code structure and thus make it easier to preserve and to discern the underlying design. However, refactoring is a difficult and time-consuming process making it unattractive for many developers. An automated tool that could identify poorly structured code and make suggestions would make the refactoring process easier. Although in general refactorings may be quite difficult to locate automatically, we show that many can be detected using low-cost, syntactic techniques. We have built a tool to locate refactorings in C# programs. Our experiments indicate that the tool has an excellent success rate in identifying refactorings. | 2022-09-13T22:35:06.836Z |
97,302,373 | {
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"DOI": "10.1143/JJAP.43.5990",
"MAG": "2066480267",
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},
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} | Basic electromigration characteristics of SiNx-passivated single-damascene Cu lines have been investigated. The results indicate that an effective incubation time for void growth contributes to resistance change. This effective incubation time depended inversely on the square of current density. The activation energy of the effective incubation time was 1.14 ±0.27 eV. The observed critical product of electromigration was approximately 5900 A/cm. The activation energy of diffusion was 0.89 ±0.07 eV. These results indicate that the Cu/SiNx interface diffusion activation energy and the effective charge number are similar to those of unpassivated Cu surface diffusion. However, the SiNx-passivated interface of the sample showed significantly reduced drift velocity compared to those of the unpassivated sample. | 2022-09-24T08:13:20.534Z |
90,141,772 | {
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"DOI": "10.11646/PHYTOTAXA.307.2.5",
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} | In the present communication, we resurrect E. khandallensis and synonymize E. panchganiensis under it owing to the overlap of distinguishing characters, as inferred from literature and first hand observations. We further provide an amended description of E. khandallensis along with critical notes on its taxonomy and distribution. | 2022-01-29T10:02:38.221Z |
32,487,320 | {
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"DOI": "10.4314/TJPR.V9I2.53706",
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} | Purpose: A simple, reliable and rapid chemical identification system (RCIS) consisting of three colour reactions based on the functional groups in the molecule and two TLC methods was developed for preliminary detection of the 5–nitroimidazole drugs. Methods: Three members of this group of drugs (tablet form) available in the Nigerian market and labelled MA and MB for metronidazole, T A and TB for tinidazole and S for secnidazole, were used. The extraction of the active ingredient from the solid dosage form was performed using acetone. The reaction of the extracted drug with zinc and 1M hydrochloric acid at 100 oC converted the nitroimidazole group to a characteristic primary aromatic amine. TLC methods A and B were carried out on GF254 plates (5cm x 10cm) to further identify the individual members of the group. TLC method A with mobile phase consisting of acetone, ethyl acetate and ammonia (100:5:1) and method B with mobile phase consisting of acetone, chloroform and ammonia (100:15:1) were developed for the identification. Results: The aromatic character of 5-nitroimidazole was highlighted in nitric acid when combined with sulphuric acid resulting in an orange colour. 40% sodium hydroxide gave the alkali-induced characteristic orange colour of aromatic amino compounds. All the samples of the various brands gave characteristic colours that distinguished the compounds of the 5-nitroimidazole group as primary or secondary nitroimidazole compounds. Conclusion: Using the developed method, fraudulently labelled product 5-nitroimidazole antiprotozoal and antibacterial agents can now be detected in approx. 40 min with limited reagents and a simple TLC technique. The method is rugged, simple, and should be particularly handy for use in detecting substandard products of the drug in the drug distribution chain where sophisticated equipment are often not available. Keywords: 5–nitroimidazole; Fraudulently labeled; Chemical identification system; Antiprotozoal; Antibacterial. | 2022-11-18T01:06:07.801Z |
122,780,381 | {
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"DOI": "10.1063/1.2178405",
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} | Nonvolatile and reversible bistable and multistable resistance states of polycrystalline SrTiOx thin film were studied. The pulse-laser-deposition method was employed to grow the film, and the clear resistance switching was observed under dc bias sweep and voltage pulses. More than two controllable resistance states were observed by applying voltage pulses. These reversible states have a resistance difference by nearly two orders of magnitude, and we verified that this sharp resistance switching takes place at the metal-oxide interface. Excellent reliability characteristics, such as endurance cycles of up to 105 times and data retention time of up to 106s at 125°C demonstrate the promise of SrTiOx film for future nonvolatile random access memory applications. | 2022-12-14T19:51:30.028Z |
16,462,833 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/IROS.2015.7353751",
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} | Kapton strain-based hair sensors were designed and fabricated to measure flow on a micro air vehicle. The fabrication process is carried out using a single mask and a combination of cleanroom and regular lab room processing. The processing resulted in successful realization of 6.4 mm long sensors with high yield. Associated signal conditioning circuitry was developed to extract small variations in resistance due to flow while suppressing noise. Three sensors were deployed on a fuselage shaped structure and characterized in a wind tunnel. Static linear and nonlinear estimation schemes were obtained based on the characterization data to determine the angle of attack, sideslip angle and airspeed values. For small angles of perturbation, the estimation scheme demonstrated good accuracy in determining the variables of interest. The sensors along with the signal conditioning circuitry are sufficiently lightweight that they can be used for estimating velocity states on micro air vehicles. | 2022-12-19T09:47:25.262Z |
8,762,104 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1099/vir.0.070862-0",
"MAG": "2138822106",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.070862-0"
} | The identification of virally encoded microRNAs (miRNAs) has had a major impact on the field of herpes virology. Given their ability to target cellular and viral transcripts, and the lack of immune response to small RNAs, miRNAs represent an ideal mechanism of gene regulation during viral latency and persistence. In this review, we discuss the role of miRNAs in virus latency and persistence, specifically focusing on herpesviruses. We cover the current knowledge on miRNAs in establishing and maintaining virus latency and promoting survival of infected cells through targeting of both viral and cellular transcripts, highlighting key publications in the field. We also discuss potential areas of future research and how novel technologies may aid in determining how miRNAs shape virus latency in the context of herpesvirus infections. | 2022-12-19T18:44:57.403Z |
22,601,860 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1039/AN9901500959",
"MAG": "2092718440",
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} | The interference of nitriles and isonitriles in cyanide determination was studied using the pyridine-barbituric acid direct spectrophotometric method or the same method after distillation of the sample, a microdiffusion-potentiometric (ion-selective electrode) also being used. Phenylacetonitrile, benzonitrile, acrylonitrile, iminodiacetonitrile and acetonitrile were tested as nitriles. Benzyl isocyanide butyl isocyanide and 1-[(isocyanomethyl)sulphonyl]-4-methylbenzene were assayed as isonitriles. It can be concluded that both nitriles and isonitriles should be considered as interferents in all the methods of cyanide determination studied. The level of interference generally increases with the ratio of interfering compound to cyanide and is greatest for low cyanide concentrations. | 2022-12-18T02:06:08.234Z |
9,237,587 | {
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"ArXiv": "physics/9907025",
"DOI": "10.1142/S0129183199001042",
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} | A simple and efficient algorithm of the molecular-dynamics simulation of the hard disk system based on the Event-Driven method is developed. From the analysis of algorithm, the complexity is ${\mathcal O} (\log N)$ per 1 event, and the constant coefficient of the complexity is smaller than conventional efficient algorithm based on the concept of Cell-Crossing Event. The maximum performance of more than 460 millions of collisions per CPU-hour on the Alpha600 compatible in a 2500 particle system is achieved. An extension to the infinite-space system based on this algorithm is also proposed. | 2022-12-22T17:19:26.656Z |
86,350,469 | {
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"DOI": "10.1034/J.1399-3054.1999.106105.X",
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} | Figleaf gourd plants were grown under different root temperatures and the acclimation process of the roots was investigated. Conditioning of the roots by a gradual decrease (2°C h -1 ) in root temperature to 6°C considerably lowered the electrolyte leakage of the plant leaves compared to non-conditioned roots. A root temperature of 6°C was critical for the increase in H + -ATPase (EC 3.6.1.35) activity in the plasma membranes of the roots and this increase was abolished by the addition of cycloheximide in the root medium. The H + -transport rate of the plasma membranes was also increased by low root temperature. Increases in the amount of the plasma membrane H + -ATPase gene transcription and translation in the plant roots under chilling root temperature were demonstrated by Northern and Western blot analysis, respectively. A correlation between the leaf temperature, measured by an infra-red thermometer, and the H + -ATPase activity suggests the involvement of H + -ATPase in the root acclimation process. | 2022-12-21T07:28:22.388Z |
137,683,992 | {
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"DOI": "10.1117/12.529285",
"MAG": "1971132367",
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} | Efforts to exploit reduced dimensionality systems in semiconductor devices are presently driven by the continuing need to improve speed performance, transport efficiency, device density, and power management. In this work, we investigate the performance of novel GaAs/AlGaAs and InGaAs/InAlAs heterostructures for high-speed photodetector devices. First, a modulation-doped AlGaAs/GaAs device, suitable for monolithic integration with planar HEMT and FET devices, produces a built-in electric field that aids in the high-speed collection of photogenerated carriers. Surface Schottky electrodes on this structure form a planar interdigitated metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) device for use at 850-nm wavelength. A second structure, an InGaAs/InAlAs quantum-well MSM photodetector for use at 1550-nm wavelength, utilizes recessed electrodes to contact directly the two-dimensional (2D) transport channel. Unfortunately, rather low Schottky barrier heights on undoped InGaAs lead to excessive dark currents when metal contacts are deposited directly on this material. To remedy this situation, we propose to form barrier-enhancement regions between the optically active 2D-quantum well and the lateral 3D-metal contacts by means of ion-implantation-induced quantum-well intermixing. Results indicate a reduction in dark current of nearly three orders of magnitude. Additionally, the high-speed performance appears not to be adversely affected under normal operating conditions by the potentially deleterious effects of carrier emission and accumulation at these heterojunction interfaces. The Fourier transform of a simulated transient current response to a light impulse indicates an electrical 3-dB bandwidth in excess of 50 GHz in a device with a recessed electrode gap of 1 μm. | 2022-02-09T10:30:28.083Z |
244,750,449 | {
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"DOI": "10.32766/cdl.36.2",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://revistas.rag.gal/index.php/Cadernos/article/download/2/2"
} | O intento de axustar a categorización de cerca seguido de frase preposicional con de no ámbito da localización espacial, en contra-posición co da localización temporal e a valoración aproximativa, lévame a profundar sobre estes últimos usos no galego actual. A súa presenza, ademais, en expresións cuantitativas con verbos de medida, distancia e duración provoca que revise a problemática clasificación sintáctica dos denominados complementos de medida e que cuestione tanto a catalogación preposicional de cerca de como a de complemento directo, cuestións ambas para as que creo que o galego achega datos interesantes. | 2022-02-11T01:09:27.372Z |
96,610,665 | {
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/MARC.1985.030061008",
"MAG": "2122644482",
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},
"license": null,
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"url": null
} | Reaction avec un emulsifiant non ionique (Triton X-100 ou Emulan NP 3070) en presence de peroxodisulfate d'ammonium | 2022-09-08T11:24:43.241Z |
25,928,712 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1097/00006534-198903000-00020",
"MAG": "2077603747",
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} | A simple method of performing the laser-assisted end-to-side microvascular anastomosis was devised. This technique was tested on 150 Sprague-Dawley rats in two separate series of experiments. In the first, end-to-side anastomoses were performed on the iliac artery under the normal tension due to the elastic recoil of severed vessels. Four stay sutures were placed 90 degrees apart, and the intervals were "spot welded" with a low-wattage CO2 microsurgical laser unit. The patency rate (96 percent) was equivalent to that found in a control group utilizing the conventional all-suture method (92 percent), but there was a significantly higher aneurysm rate (44 versus 11 percent). In a second model, an arterial bypass with very low anastomotic tension was performed around an obstruction created in the carotid artery. This model resulted in turbulent flow but low anastomotic tension. Here the laser-anastomosis patency rate was 98 percent, versus 42 percent for the conventional all-suture method. The placement of fewer sutures in association with turbulent flow in this model may account for the improved patency rate. The avoidance of excessive tension at the anastomotic site reduced the incidence of aneurysms to a negligible level. | 2022-12-11T22:06:44.084Z |
98,306,012 | {
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"DOI": "10.1002/1096-987X(20000730)21:10<882::AID-JCC6>3.0.CO;2-A",
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} | NMR chemical shielding anisotropy tensors have been computed, employing several basis sets and the GIAO‐RHF and GIAO‐MP2 formalisms of electronic structure theory, for all the atoms of the five and nine typical backbone conformers of For‐Gly‐NH2 and For‐L‐Ala‐NH2, respectively. Multidimensional chemical shift plots, as a function of the respective backbone fold, have been generated for both peptide models. On the 2D 1HNH‐15NNH and 15NNH‐13Cα plots the most notable feature is that at all levels of theory studied the backbone conformers cluster in different regions. Computed chemical shifts, as well as their averages, have been compared to relevant experimental values taken from the BioMagnetic Resonance Bank (BMRB). At the highest levels of theory, for all nuclei but the amide protons, deviations between statistically averaged theoretical and experimental shifts are as low as 1–3%. These results indicate that chemical shift information from selected multiple‐pulse NMR experiments (e.g., 2D‐HSQC and 3D‐HNCA) could directly be employed to extract folding information for polypeptides and proteins. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 21: 882–900, 2000 | 2022-12-12T23:52:07.926Z |
42,010,770 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1364/CLEO_AT.2017.JTH1E.3",
"MAG": "2614071628",
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} | We deterministically integrate nanowire quantum-emitters in SiN photonic circuits. We generate single-photons, suppress excitation-laser, and isolate specific transitions in the quantumemitter all on-chip with electrically-tunable filter. Finally, we demonstrate a novel Quantum-WDM channel on-chip. | 2022-12-13T09:51:26.301Z |
19,255,255 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-08-0206",
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} | Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) is a precursor to invasive ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Observations made in genetically engineered mouse models suggest that the acinar/centroacinar compartment can give rise to ductal neoplasia. To integrate findings in mice and men, we examined human acinar cells, acinar-ductal metaplasia (ADM) lesions, and PanINs for KRAS2 gene mutations. Surgically resected pancreata were screened for foci of ADM with or without an associated PanIN lesion. Stromal cells, acinar cells, ADMs, and PanINs were separately isolated using laser capture microdissection. KRAS2 status was analyzed using genomic DNA isolated from the microdissected tissue. Twelve of these 31 foci of ADM occurred in isolation, whereas 19 were in the same lobules as a PanIN lesion. All 31 microdissected foci of acinar cells were KRAS2 gene wild-type, as were all 12 isolated ADM lesions lacking an associated PanIN. KRAS2 gene mutations were present in 14 of 19 (74%) PanIN lesions and in 12 of the 19 (63%) foci of ADM associated with these PanINs. All ADM lesions with a KRAS2 gene mutation harbored the identical KRAS2 gene mutation found in their associated PanIN lesions. Ductal neoplasms of the human pancreas, as defined by KRAS2 gene mutations, do not appear to arise from acinar cells. Isolated AMD lesions are genetically distinct from those associated with PanINs, and the latter may represent retrograde extension of the neoplastic PanIN cells or less likely are precursors to PanIN. (Mol Cancer Res 2009;7(2):230–6) | 2022-12-16T15:15:28.209Z |
254,764,592 | {
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"DOI": "10.1215/01903659-10045146",
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} |
Hannah Arendt's work On Revolution brings into contact two temporalities: the decade of its composition (the 1960s), alongside its understanding of revolution in conjunction with “Enlightenment.” A reader of Edmund Burke who turns to this work will be startled at the degree to which he plays a central role. His ideas and even his temperament seem to guide her profound praise for “the men who made the American Revolution” alongside her shock centered around Robespierre but mingled with her discussion of Rousseau and the French Revolution. This connection between Burke and Arendt is worth tracing because it allows readers to understand her response to the post-WWII age, which witnessed the emergence of manifold diverse “revolutions” in the social and political realm brought by decolonization, both in the European and non-European (i.e., Asian, African, postcolonial) contexts. It also allows readers to question Arendt's view of the role that suffering and poverty ought to play in moments of revolution and to scrutinize her thesis that wherever a solution to the “social” question was sought by “political” means it has led to terror and violence, with the notion of resentment playing a crucial role. | 2022-12-17T16:59:31.595Z |
244,169,590 | {
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"DOI": "10.1088/1755-1315/894/1/012030",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/894/1/012030"
} | The use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture has caused soil degradation and is harmful to human health. Organic fertilizers made from animal waste have received worldwide attention because they are not detrimental to health or the environment. This paper describes the effect of using organic fertilizers from chicken manure on the growth of papaya plants. A completely randomized design was used in this study using two factors and three repetitions; the variations of the fertilizers given were 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 g. This study informed that organic chicken manure had a significant effect on the growth of oil palm and papaya plants. The best growth is oil palm and papaya plants given 200 g of organic fertilizer from chicken manure. | 2022-12-30T01:08:52.172Z |
23,269,998 | {
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"DOI": "10.1136/BMJ.299.6692.184",
"MAG": "2046289021",
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} | reasonable.' Measurements of peripheral vascular resistance and cardiac output in our patients confirmed this relation. The diagnosis of electromechanical dissociation in these circumstances is therefore extremely difficult, and resuscitation should not be abandoned until meaningful haemodynamic data have been obtained. Cuff blood pressure is often meaningless in these circumstances, and resuscitation should not be abandoned with this as the sole criterion. I would also remind others of recent British studies that confirm that age alone is not a prognostic indicator for survival from cardiac arrest.4` It is the nature of the underlying rhythm that is of greatest importance. | 2022-09-14T08:10:23.446Z |
1,417,691 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.22038/IJBMS.2015.3888",
"MAG": "1494509673",
"PubMedCentral": "4366742"
},
"license": null,
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} | Objective(s): This study aims at exploring cytotoxic activity of different peptides derived from VSVG protein against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines and human embryonic kidney normal cell (HEK 293). Materials and Methods: The ANTICP web server was used to predict anticancer peptides. The cytotoxic activity of peptides with high score (P26, P7) and low score (P19) was examined by MTT and DNA fragmentation assays. Results: The results obtained from ANTICP web server demonstrated that 4 out of 48 peptides (P26, P7, P10, and P16) had anticancer activity. P26 and P7 peptides of these 4 peptides were detected to have high cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells with CC50 values of 98,280 µg/ml and MDA-MB231 cells with CC50 100,550 µg/ml, respectively. In addition, the results showed that amino acid residues of these 4 peptides were located near fusion domain. Conclusion: The results confirmed that P26 and P7 peptides might induce membrane damage and initiate apoptosis. The present study suggested that P26 and P7 peptides could be appropriate candidates for further studies as cytotoxic agents and modifications in the residue at positions 70-280 might potentially produce a more efficient VSVG protein in gene therapy. | 2022-09-15T07:30:44.467Z |
133,193,859 | {
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"DOI": "10.14710/jsk.v6i1.108",
"MAG": "2537691191",
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} | Kesehatan merupakan kebutuhan primer bagi manusia dan layanan kesehatan masyarakat merupakan suatu elemen penting dalam kehidupan. Di suatu daerah, umumnya terdapat berbagai jenis layanan kesehatan, sehingga informasi tentang jenis, lokasi dan jam operasional suatu layanan kesehatan sangat penting bagi masyarakat. Dalam penelitian ini dirancang sebuah system informasi layanan kesehatan di kota Salatiga menggunakan HTML 5 berbasis Geolocation. Jarak layanan kesehatan dengan lokasi pengguna dihitung menggunakan metode Haversine dan Euclidian. Hasil eksperiment menunjukkan bahwa akurasi jarak yang dihasilkan menggunakan metode Haversine lebih baik daripada menggunakan merode Euclidian, akan tetapi waktu yang diperlukan lebih lama daripada metode euclidian | 2022-12-17T01:15:08.638Z |
145,612,466 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/0013164498058001008",
"MAG": "2078577364",
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} | The Sutter-Eyberg Student Behavior Inventory (SESBI), a brief teacher-rating scale of externalizing, or conduct problem behavior at school, was completed by 38 teachers for 726 5th- through 12th-grade students. The inventory contained the original 36 items plus 17 experimental items. Item analyses led to retention of 10 experimental items and deletion of 8 original items with weaker psychometric properties. Scores on this revised, 38-item version of the SESBI had a high coefficient alpha. Factor analyses yielded a two-factor solution representing (a) oppositional behavior and (b) attentional difficulties. | 2022-12-25T20:20:37.946Z |
233,377,638 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.11591/EEI.V10I2.2641",
"MAG": "3122991923",
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} | DG sources have been introduced as one of the most widely used and effective methods among various methods providing losses reduction in power systems. In this paper, the artificial bee colony algorithm has been employed with the aim of determining location and capacity of distributed generations (DGs) and capacitor banks (CBs) in distribution systems. The proposed objective function includes power losses and ENS reliability index, which is used by deploying weight coefficients as objective function in the algorithms. Accordingly, the standard 37-bus networks have been used for studies. The simulation results demonstrate that the artificial bee colony algorithm is more effective in all sections and has higher capability in reducing losses and improving reliability as well. | 2022-12-26T05:50:44.289Z |
242,850,867 | {
"externalids": {
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"DOI": "10.33263/proceedings21.061062",
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} | White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) belongs to a new virus family, Nimaviridae, genus Whispovirus and contains a large circular double-stranded DNA genome of 292,967 bp. WSSV virions are ellipsoid to bacilliform, enveloped particles with a distinctive tail-like appendage at one end. They can be found throughout the body of infected shrimp. The virions contain one nucleocapsid with a typical striated appearance and 5 major and at least 13 minor proteins. WSSV, which was first discovered in Southeast Asia around 1992, is currently the most serious viral pathogen of shrimp worldwide. It causes up to 100% mortality within 7 to 10 days in commercial shrimp farms, resulting in large economic losses amounting to billions of US dollars across different countries to the shrimp farming industry. In a natural situation, shrimp become infected through both oral and water-borne routes, and the gills are thought to be a major point of viral entry. Considering the global economic and sociological importance of shrimp farming and its continued high growth, the development of novel control measures becomes necessary against the outbreak of WSSV. A number of strategies have been used to control WSSV, each with some limitations. Conventional control strategies such as improvement of environmental conditions, stocking of pathogen-free post-larvae, and augmentation of disease resistance by oral immune-stimulants or probiotics are currently employed to control WSSV infection. Use of recombinant viral proteins as vaccines that induce a specific immune response and protection has been demonstrated to control WSSV. Other studies have shown successful vaccination of shrimp with DNA vaccines that have prolonged effects. The RNA interference (RNAi) mediated silencing of targeted viral mRNAs holds tremendous potential for controlling shrimp diseases. The silencing of viruses using RNAi has been experimentally demonstrated for WSSV in shrimp by injecting or feeding synthetic siRNA, long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), and short/long-hairpin RNA (shRNA/lhRNA) prepared by in vitro transcription or expressed in bacteria. In addition to targeting viral proteins, protection of WSSV has also been achieved by dsRNA targeted against shrimp PmRab7, a protein important for viral entry into the host cells. Antisense constructs offered strong protection in WSSV challenged shrimp, P. monodon, with a corresponding decrease in viral load. Antisense constructs expressing VP24 and VP28 offered the best protection with a consistent reduction in WSSV copy number in both cell culture and in experimental shrimp. The advantage of using antisense constructs is their lack of toxicity and immunogenicity and their high specificity towards the desired target. The usage of edible pellet feed coated with dsRNA against WSSV has shown promising results. Overall, the present investigation clearly demonstrates that it is possible to induce strong protection in shrimp against WSSV infection using host promoter-driven antisense constructs in controlled laboratory-scale experiments. However, it is important to develop a simple and efficient delivery system for extending this study to the field level. | 2022-01-24T19:21:17.192Z |
4,433,939 | {
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} | In order to enhance the performance of rehabilitation robots, it is imperative to know both force and motion caused by the interaction between user and robot. However, common direct measurement of both signals through force and motion sensors not only increases the complexity of the system but also impedes affordability of the system. As an alternative of the direct measurement, in this work, we present new force and motion estimators for the proper control of the upper-limb rehabilitation Universal Haptic Pantograph (UHP) robot. The estimators are based on the kinematic and dynamic model of the UHP and the use of signals measured by means of common low-cost sensors. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the estimators, several experimental tests were carried out. The force and impedance control of the UHP was implemented first by directly measuring the interaction force using accurate extra sensors and the robot performance was compared to the case where the proposed estimators replace the direct measured values. The experimental results reveal that the controller based on the estimators has similar performance to that using direct measurement (less than 1 N difference in root mean square error between two cases), indicating that the proposed force and motion estimators can facilitate implementation of interactive controller for the UHP in robotmediated rehabilitation trainings. | 2022-06-04T09:59:50.985Z |
27,439,884 | {
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} | This article describes a multi-objective techniques, of identifying the best options among a suite of factors that influence the successful outcome of flexor-tendon repair. Our article begins with fuzzy-set development and relevant fuzzy-logic operations. Next, we consider multi-objective decision making with fuzzy logic, followed by the inclusion of core suture technique complexity and preference variations as decision considerations. Results are presented followed by a comparison and contrast of the soft-computing-based multi-objective decision making and Taguchi methods. | 2022-09-13T00:17:22.757Z |
252,253,217 | {
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} | Proses permohonan Surat Pengantar KPR (Kredit Pemilikan Rumah), Pengantar Izin Pesta dan Keterangan Domisili Tempat Tinggal pada Unit Pelaksana Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kelurahan Cengkareng Barat masih dilakukan secara manual sehingga kurang cepat dan efisien dalam pelaksanaan pelayanan. Pembuatan aplikasi pelayanan publik berbasis web ini dirancang untuk membantu Unit Pelaksana Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kelurahan studi kasus Cengkareng Barat dalam melaksanakan pelayanan kepada warga masyarakat di wilayah Kelurahan Cengkareng Barat. Aplikasi ini dapat mempermudah untuk warga memperoleh surat pengantar yang diinginkan. Aplikasi ini memudahkan petugas dalam menyampaikan informasi jenis-jenis surat pengantar dan persyaratan melalui web browser dan warga dapat mengakses diamanapun selama terhubung ke internet. Selain itu aplikasi ini dapat memberikan kemudahan terhadap warga karena tidak harus datang ke kelurahan untuk bertanya tentang persyaratan Surat Pengantar KPR (Kredit Pemilikan Rumah), Surat Pengantar Izin Pesta dan Surat Keterangan Domisili Tempat Tinggal yang diinginkan karena semuanya sudah terdapat didalam website | 2022-09-16T15:14:17.955Z |
22,623,602 | {
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} | We performed a laboratory analysis of spices sold in Sri Lanka for lead content. Samples of curry powder, chili powder and turmeric powder from seven provinces, collected using the market basket survey method, underwent atomic absorption spectrometry. Blanks and standards were utilised for instrument calibration and measurement accuracy. The results were validated in two different laboratories. All samples were found to have lead levels below the US Food and Drug Administration's action level of 0.5 μg/g. Spices sold in Sri Lanka contain lead concentrations that are low and within the stipulated safety standards. | 2022-12-04T00:21:08.531Z |
231,956,367 | {
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} | Background: The treatment of depression is a main strategy for suicide prevention in older adults. We aimed to calculate suicide rates by antidepressant prescription patterns in persons aged ≥ 75 years. A further aim was to estimate the contribution of antidepressants to the change in suicide rates over time. Methods: Swedish residents aged ≥ 75 years (N = 1,401,349) were followed between 2007 and 2014 in a national register-based retrospective cohort study. Biannual suicide rates were calculated for those with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) single use, mirtazapine single use, single use of other antidepressants and use of ≥ 2 antidepressants. The contribution of antidepressants to the change in biannual suicide rates was analyzed by decomposition analysis. Results: There were 1,277 suicides. About one third of these were on an antidepressant during their last 3 months of life. In the total cohort, the average biannual suicide rate in non-users of antidepressants was 13 per 100,000 person-years. The corresponding figure in users of antidepressants was 34 per 100,000 person-years. These rates were 25, 42 and 65 per 100,000 person-years in users of SSRI, mirtazapine and ≥ 2 antidepressants, respectively. In the total cohort, antidepressant users contributed by 26% to the estimated increase of 7 per 100,000 in biannual suicide rates. In men, biannual suicide rates increased by 11 suicides per 100,000 over the study period; antidepressant users contributed by 25% of the change. In women, those on antidepressant therapy accounted for 29% of the estimated increase of 4.4 per 100,000. Conclusion: Only one third of the oldest Swedish population who died by suicide filled an antidepressant prescription in their last 3 months of life. Higher suicide rates were observed in mirtazapine users compared to those on SSRIs. Users of antidepressants accounted for only one quarter of the increase in the suicide rate. The identification and treatment of suicidal older adults remains an area for prevention efforts. | 2022-12-11T03:05:13.477Z |
206,970,477 | {
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} | Aminyl free radicals of the form RN(•)H are formed in the photochemical oxidation of primary amines, and their reaction with (•)NO is an important tropospheric sink. Reaction of the parent methylamidogen radical (CH3N(•)H) with (•)NO in the gas phase has been studied using quantum chemical techniques and RRKM theory/master equation based kinetic modeling. Calculations with the G3X-K composite theoretical method indicate that reaction proceeds via exothermic formation of a primary nitrosamine intermediate, CH3NHNO, which can isomerize to an alkyldiazohydroxide, CH3NNOH, and further eliminate water to form diazomethane, CH2NN. Master equation simulations conducted at tropospheric conditions identify that the collisionally stabilized CH3NHNO and CH3NNOH isomers are the major reaction products, with smaller yields of CH2NN + H2O. A previously proposed mechanism in which the primary nitrosamine is destroyed via isomerization to CH2NHNOH, followed by reaction with O2 to produce CH2NH + HO2(•) + (•)NO, is disproved. In the atmosphere, CH2NN may be formed with sufficient vibrational energy to directly dissociate to singlet methylene ((1)CH2) and N2, whereas under combustion conditions this is expected to be the dominant pathway. This study suggests that stabilized primary nitrosamines can indeed form in the photochemical oxidation of amines, along with alkyldiazohydroxides and diazoalkanes. Both classes of compound are potent alkylating agents that may need to be considered in future atmospheric studies. | 2022-12-19T03:50:08.694Z |
6,841,972 | {
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"DOI": "10.20506/RST.14.1.836",
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} | Cleaning and disinfection of surfaces which have been in contact with animals, poultry or organic material is a vital element in controlling bacterial and viral diseases, and ensuring the wholesomeness and safety of foods. The thoroughness of pre-disinfection cleaning is the most important determinant of the efficacy of disinfection processes. Disinfectant users and officials responsible for the use of disinfectants must have clear goals and a sound plan of action. They must choose appropriate products, properly clean and prepare the site, and take the necessary steps to ensure the safety of animals, humans, equipment and the environment. They must also objectively evaluate the results of disinfection procedures. Safe and effective disinfectant strategies require an understanding of the actions and toxicological hazards of the chosen products, a clear plan of action, regulatory discipline, conscientious documentation, responsible supervision and post-disinfection testing. Disinfection procedures and policies must meet legal and environmental requirements and the changing expectations of society. | 2022-12-17T12:09:34.485Z |
155,375,970 | {
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} | Frequently the separate branches of economics grow up with far too little cross-fertilization. As a consequence, research and results taken for granted in one field are all too frequently ignored in another. Such is the case with the three decades of work done on pricing behavior within a vertical stream of production.' The general conclusion of this work is that input monopolies will not alter their price in response to alterations in downstream market structure. It is surprising that this work carried out in industrial organization has not received more attention from those studying union wage behavior. This is especially so given that several of the more popular models of union behavior are similar to those we impute to the neoclassical monopoly. The failure to draw on this work has resulted in several confusions in the contemporary study of unions. This paper builds from the work on input pricing to demonstrate that in a very wide variety of cases the elasticity of derived demand for labor is completely invariant to product market structure. In addition, the specific conditions sufficient for this invariance to hold true are identified. Such a demonstration is important for discriminating between models of union behavior which assume bargaining along the labor demand curve and models which assume bargaining off the demand curve. Indeed, the demonstration reveals the likely inadequacy of the labor demand curve model. The logic for this conclusion is three tiered. First, demand curve models predict that wages will depend crucially on the elasticity of labor demand. Second, measures of industrial concentration are usually significant in wage equations, a result thought in harmony with the elasticity emphasis of demand curve models. But, third, as will be shown, market structure will typically not affect the labor demand elasticity. This suggests that the conventional interpretation of the second point is wrong, and casts doubt on the explanatory power of demand curve models in general. While a variety of specific models of union behavior share the characteristic of bargaining along the demand curve, these models are tied together by the assumption that unions choose the wage and firms respond with the employment level. Thus, whether one assumes that unions maximize the wage bill, collective rents, or some explicit objective function of wage and employment, | 2022-09-13T22:03:49.444Z |
240,227,643 | {
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"url": "https://zenodo.org/record/5515052/files/jeb0938%20eko%20%20.pdf"
} | The financial performance can be used as a benchmark of the ability of an organization or company in achieving its goals. Performance measurement is one of the most important factors for an organization or company, performance measurement is a process of measuring the extent to which a company does work to achieve its goals. The research investigated the impact of infrastructure, economic growth and inflation on financial performance of infrastructure support companies listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange Period 2014-2019 which is proxied by ROA (Return on Assets), Tobin’s Q and PBV (Price to Book Value). The population of this research was the infrastructure support companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange period 2014-2019. Research sampling was conducted using The Purposive Sampling Method. The data analysis was camed out using classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, t-test, F-test and determinan (R2) test with SPSS 21. The research finding showed that the model has an effect on the financial performance as proxied by ROA. So the results of the hypothesis test show that: (1) Infrastructure development has a negative and significant effect on ROA. (2) The inflation rate has a positive and significant effect on ROA. (3) Economic growth has no significant effect on ROA. Meanwhile, the model has no effect on financial performance which is proxied in Tobin's Q and PBV. | 2022-09-23T19:43:25.263Z |
170,760,824 | {
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} | IN RECENT YEARS there has been considerable interest on the part of students of the history of medieval philosophy in the axiom or principle that whatever is moved is moved by another. For certain medieval thinkers this principle is not to be limited to the realm of purely physical change but applies to every reduction from potency to act. All such change implies dependence on some distinct source or cause. So understood this principle functions as an indispensable step in Thomas Aquinas' well known "first way" or first argument for God's existence ( S u m m a theologiae I, 2, 3). It enters into the efforts of many thirteenth century writers to account for the causality involved in human intellection and volition in particular and for the efficient causality of accidental being in general. At the same time, many were aware of difficulties that appear to militate against its universal application. On the physical level, for instance, how is one to account for apparent instances of self-motion such as the cooling of hot water, the motion of falling bodies, projectile motion, or the movement of animals? On a psychological and metaphysical plane, to what extent can this principle be applied to acts of human intellection? Can it be reconciled with the apparent self-motion involved in acts of human volition and, according to many, required for human freedom? Some, as will be seen below, were so impressed by certain of these difficulties that they would limit application of the principle to matters of purely physical causality, allowing for exceptions in the case of spiritual action such as volition. A Duns Scotus would restrict it even more, denying that it applies to certain types of physical change. Others insisted, however, that this principle must apply to every reduction f r o m potency to act, to every genuine change, all apparent difficulties notwithstanding. One outstanding advocate of this view was the late thirteenth century philosopher-theologian, Godfrey of Fontaines. 1 | 2022-11-19T17:43:08.062Z |
237,791,587 | {
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} |
Flood is one of the major problems of the sad ekbatan watershed, northern of Hamadan province, Iran. This problem imposes high damages to the economic issue. Therefore, prioritization of the study area based on the flooding degree can be considered for identifying hot spot flooded areas for performing soil and water conservation practices. In this study, in order to prioritize sub-watersheds of the case study from viewpoint of flooding degree, five flood-related criteria i.e. entropy of drainage network (En), index of connectivity (IC), stream power index (SPI), curvature (C) and curve number (CN) were considered, then fuzzy based Best Worse Multi Criteria Decision Making (F-BWM) Method was used to assigning weights to used criteria and combination them to achieve flooding degree for each sub-watershed. The results of prioritization of sub-watersheds indicated that the sub-watersheds 14 and 21 are most and least susceptibility areas to flooding correspondingly. | 2022-11-18T00:44:45.085Z |
36,185,925 | {
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} | Ralstonia solanacearum, an agent of bacterial wilt, is a highly variable species with a broad host range and wide geographic distribution. As a species complex, it has extensive genetic diversity and its living environment is polymorphic like the lowland and the highland area, so more genomes are needed for studying population evolution and environment adaptation. In this paper, we reported the genome sequencing of R. solanacearum strain CQPS-1 isolated from wilted tobacco in Pengshui, Chongqing, China, a highland area with severely acidified soil and continuous cropping of tobacco more than 20 years. The comparative genomic analysis among different R. solanacearum strains was also performed. The completed genome size of CQPS-1 was 5.89 Mb and contained the chromosome (3.83 Mb) and the megaplasmid (2.06 Mb). A total of 5229 coding sequences were predicted (the chromosome and megaplasmid encoded 3573 and 1656 genes, respectively). A comparative analysis with eight strains from four phylotypes showed that there was some variation among the species, e.g., a large set of specific genes in CQPS-1. Type III secretion system gene cluster (hrp gene cluster) was conserved in CQPS-1 compared with the reference strain GMI1000. In addition, most genes coding core type III effectors were also conserved with GMI1000, but significant gene variation was found in the gene ripAA: the identity compared with strain GMI1000 was 75% and the hrpII box promoter in the upstream had significantly mutated. This study provided a potential resource for further understanding of the relationship between variation of pathogenicity factors and adaptation to the host environment. | 2022-11-04T00:23:16.145Z |
32,163,484 | {
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} | Cell proliferation must – at some time point – lead to increase of cell volume and one of the hallmarks of apoptosis is cell shrinkage. At constant extracellular osmolarity those alterations of cell volume must reflect respective changes of cellular osmolarity which are hardly possible without the participation of cell volume regulatory mechanisms. Indeed, as shown for ras oncogene expressing 3T3 fibroblasts, cell proliferation is paralleled by activation of Na+/H+ exchange and Na+,K+,2Cl- cotransport, the major transport systems accomplishing regulatory cell volume increase. Conversely, as evident from CD95-induced apoptotic cell death, apoptosis is paralleled by inhibition of Na+/H+ exchanger and by activation of Cl- channels and release of the organic osmolyte taurine, major components of regulatory cell volume decrease. However, ras oncogene activation leads to activation and CD95 receptor triggering to inhibition of K+ channels. The effects counteract the respective cell volume changes. Presumably, they serve to regulate cell membrane potential, which is decisive for Ca++ entry through ICRAC and the generation of cytosolic Ca++ oscillations in proliferating cells. As a matter of fact ICRAC is activated in ras oncogene expressing cells and inhibited in CD95-triggered cells. Activation of K+ channels and Na+/H+ exchanger as well as Ca++ oscillations have been observed in a wide variety of cells upon exposure to diverse mitogenic factors. Conversely, diverse apoptotic factors have been shown to activate Cl- channels and organic osmolyte release. Inhibition of K+ channels is apparently, however, not a constant phenomenon paralleling apoptosis which in some cells may even require the operation of K+ channels. Moreover, cell proliferation may at some point require activation of Cl- channels. In any case, the alterations of cell volume are obviously important for the outcome, as cell shrinkage impedes cell proliferation and apoptosis can be elicited by increase of extracellular osmolarity. At this stage little is known about the interplay of cell volume regulatory mechanisms and the cellular machinery leading to mitosis or death of the cell. Thus, considerable further experimental effort is required in this exciting area of cell physiology. | 2022-12-22T05:28:05.134Z |
91,089,949 | {
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"url": "https://revista.univap.br/index.php/revistaunivap/article/download/792/680"
} | O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentracoes de sacarose na desinfestacao e germinacao in vitro de aquenios de Lychnophora pohlii. O experimento foi conduzido no laboratorio de Melhoramento florestal da UFVJM. Adotou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repeticoes de cinco aquenios, sendo estudado o efeito de quatro concentracoes de sacarose (0, 10, 20 e 30 g L -1 ). A avaliacao do numero de aquenios desinfestados e germinados foi feita tres vezes por semana, por periodo de 30 dias. O tratamento constituido por aquenios cultivados em meio de cultura sem adicao de sacarose apresentaram maior porcentagem de desinfestacao (80%). A maior porcentagem de germinacao (45%) foi observada no tratamento com ausencia de sacarose. O meio de cultura sem adicao de sacarose mostrou-se mais eficiente no controle da desinfestacao e proporcionou maior porcentagem de germinacao, mas sem diferir significativamente dos demais tratamentos. | 2022-02-10T18:30:45.988Z |
26,903,087 | {
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} | Clinical guidelines are outlined that will minimize the risk of professional personnel treating patients with hepatitis B. Following these procedures is emphasized as the history of the patient is not a reliable tool in screening this disease. | 2022-02-12T15:41:59.495Z |
170,196,306 | {
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} | Considerando a era da computacao movel percebemos que os sistemas de informacao estao passando por um processo de metamorfose para possibilitar que seus usuarios utilizem novas formas de acessos as informacoes a partir de dispositivos moveis. Isso se deve principalmente ao aumento da popularidade de dispositivos como smartphones e tablets. Impulsionado por esse novo cenario de computacao, que esta mudando velhos habitos e criando novas maneiras da sociedade acessar informacoes que ate entao so eram acessiveis atraves de computadores tradicionais, crescem as demandas por aplicacoes moveis corporativas (Mobile Enterprise Application – MEA). Esse aumento e ocasionado pela necessidade das empresas garantirem aos seus clientes novas formas de interacoes com seus servicos. Com isso, esse artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar um processo denominado MetamorphosIS, que prove um conjunto de atividades categorizadas em abordagens negociais, tecnicas e de interface grafica para auxiliar o desenvolvimento de aplicacoes mobile baseadas em sistemas de informacoes existentes. Em seguida o artigo ainda descreve o aplicativo SIGAA mobile, que e um estudo de caso da aplicacao das atividades descritas nesse processo em um sistema de informacao denominado SIGAA. | 2022-04-01T01:13:08.341Z |
151,591,312 | {
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} | In the growing literature on restorative justice this book is somewhat unique in presenting the results of wide research on the implementation, running and results of three restorative justice schemes in the UK. The research was undertaken between 2001 and 2008 and saw the three schemes through from the beginning until the end of pilots including an evaluation of reoffending over period of more than two years. The research is not only unique because it follows and evaluates restorative justice in practice during such a long time, but also it is rare to examine restorative justice programs for adult offenders, and especially its use in serious cases. Using partly the method of action research, some of the findings and results were regularly fed back to practitioners, so cooperation between scheme managers, practitioners and researchers was lively and gave the possibility to influence ongoing work. | 2022-07-10T02:47:51.943Z |
52,824,575 | {
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} | This is a correction to the “Transform Coding Techniques in HEVC” article published in the IEEE Selected Topics in Signal Processing, vol. 7, no. 6, Dec. 2013 | 2022-08-29T14:19:33.690Z |
209,496,033 | {
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} | The degradation of hydropower units affects the safe and stable operation of hydropower stations and even the power system. Obtaining the degradation trend of hydropower units and predicting it accurately is a problem to be solved. In this paper, a framework based on healthy state model and degradation trend prediction model is developed to obtain and predict the degradation trend of hydropower units. Firstly, the healthy state model of hydropower unit considering the effect of working water head and active power was established based on particle swarm optimization and artificial neural network. Secondly, according to the healthy state model, the degradation trend of hydropower unit was deduced. Then, the degradation trend was decomposed by variational mode decomposition to obtain several modal components, and long short-term memory neural network model was constructed for each modal component for prediction. Finally, the results of prediction models were superimposed to obtain the prediction of degradation trend. In this paper, the actual data of a certain hydropower station was used for verification, and the results show that the proposed model is suitable for predicting the deterioration trend of hydropower units. | 2022-11-24T17:12:00.436Z |
30,190,368 | {
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"DOI": "10.1109/PES.2009.5275479",
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} | This paper considers the incorporation of voltage measurements in a branch-current-based state estimation (BCSE) program. Original BCSE is designed to include only power and current measurements. The motivation for enhancing BCSE is that with the adoption of large scale automated meter infrastructure (AMI) technologies, voltage measurements will be available at the distribution level. Hence, including these measurements has the potential to improve the accuracy of the state estimation. The paper elaborates the technical approach taken to accomplish this task, and the test results for assessment. | 2022-12-15T13:10:53.067Z |
208,227,570 | {
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"DOI": "10.3390/ijms20225795",
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"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/22/5795/pdf?version=1574075589"
} | There is an imperative need to develop efficient whole-animal-based testing assays to determine the potential toxicity of engineered nanomaterials. While previous studies have demonstrated toxicity in lung and skin cells after C70 nanoparticles (NPs) exposure, the potential detrimental role of C70 NPs in neurobehavior is largely unaddressed. Here, we evaluated the chronic effects of C70 NPs exposure on behavior and alterations in biochemical responses in adult zebrafish. Two different exposure doses were used for this experiment: low dose (0.5 ppm) and high dose (1.5 ppm). Behavioral tests were performed after two weeks of exposure of C70 NPs. We found decreased locomotion, exploration, mirror biting, social interaction, and shoaling activities, as well as anxiety elevation and circadian rhythm locomotor activity impairment after ~2 weeks in the C70 NP-exposed fish. The results of biochemical assays reveal that following exposure of zebrafish to 1.5 ppm of C70 NPs, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the brain and muscle tissues increased significantly. In addition, the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) also increased from 2.95 ± 0.12 U/ug to 8.46 ± 0.25 U/ug and from 0.90 ± 0.03 U/ug to 3.53 ± 0.64 U/ug in the muscle and brain tissues, respectively. Furthermore, an increased level of cortisol was also observed in muscle and brain tissues, ranging from 17.95 ± 0.90 pg/ug to 23.95 ± 0.66 pg/ug and from 3.47 ± 0.13 pg/ug to 4.91 ± 0.51 pg/ug, respectively. Increment of Hif1-α level was also observed in both tissues. The elevation was ranging from 11.65 ± 0.54 pg/ug to 18.45 ± 1.00 pg/ug in the muscle tissue and from 4.26 ± 0.11 pg/ug to 6.86 ± 0.37 pg/ug in the brain tissue. Moreover, the content of DNA damage and inflammatory markers such as ssDNA, TNF-α, and IL-1β were also increased substantially in the brain tissues. Significant changes in several biomarker levels, including catalase and malondialdehyde (MDA), were also observed in the gill tissues. Finally, we used a neurophenomic approach with a particular focus on environmental influences, which can also be easily adapted for other aquatic fish species, to assess the toxicity of metal and carbon-based nanoparticles. In summary, this is the first study to illustrate the adult zebrafish toxicity and the alterations in several neurobehavior parameters after zebrafish exposure to environmentally relevant amounts of C70 NPs. | 2022-12-31T06:08:46.963Z |
137,071,847 | {
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} | The influence of ash bridging on the temperature distribution of the ceramic filters of a demonstration-scale filter vessel is analyzed. The Reynolds stress turbulence model of FLUENT™ code is used to study the gas flow behavior inside the filter vessel. Particle equations of motions are employed, and transport and deposition of the micron-size aerosols are studied. Computational results predict that ash bridging leads to a non-uniform temperature distribution along the ceramic candle filters in the bridging region. The analyses of ash bridging deposition on the internal surfaces of the filter show that the absence of ash bridging tends to promote the deposition of particles of 10 μm on the surfaces. | 2022-02-09T10:51:04.228Z |
250,233,688 | {
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"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3161/3/3/46/pdf?version=1657624446"
} | The presented research work demonstrates an efficient methodology based on a micromechanical framework for the prediction of the effective elastic properties of strongly bonded long-fiber-reinforced materials (CFRP) used for the construction of tubular structures. Although numerous analytical and numerical micromechanical models have been developed to predict the mechanical response of CFRPs, either they cannot accurately predict complex mechanical responses due to limits on the input parameters or they are resource intensive. The generalized method of cells (GMC) is capable of assessing more detailed strain fields in the vicinity of fiber–matrix interfaces since it allows for a plethora of material and structural parameters to be defined while being computationally effective. The GMC homogenization approach is successfully combined with the covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (CMA–ES) to identify the effective elasticity tensor Cij of CFRP materials. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed methodology are validated by comparing predicted effective properties with previously measured experimental data on CFRP cylindrical samples made of 3501-6 epoxy matrix reinforced with AS4 carbon fibers. The proposed and validated method can be successively used in both analyzing the mechanical responses of structures and designing new optimized composite materials. | 2022-08-31T15:37:13.483Z |
75,735 | {
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} | This paper describes the successful application of state estimation in the control of commercial chemical process operations. From a theoretical standpoint, it appears straightforward to use state estimation for detecting faulty measurements, for estimating unmeasured variables, and for obtaining improved estimates when redundant information is available. However, despite a widespread need, there are few such applications documented in the chemical process control literature. By using a time-invariant observer feedback gain matrix, the estimator and control algorithms lend themselves to a physical interpretation which can be more readily understood by operating personnel. In addition the on-line computational load is much reduced from that required with a time-varying Kalman filter. A specific case involving the estimation and control of a flow rate based on vessel weigh cell measurements is discussed. | 2022-09-08T18:44:23.104Z |
112,223,599 | {
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} | BY ALLOCATING $1.2 BILLION for a hydrogen research initiative,the Bush Administration seeks to make the U.S."much less dependent on foreign sources of oil" and to improve air quality,as indicated by the President in January in his State of the Union address.The funding proposal received immediate support from scientists and some members of Congress. But now the Department of Energy must prioritize the research requirements needed to meet the goals set forth in the President's proposal—goals such as putting hydrogen-powered automobiles on showroom floors by the end of the next decade. To aid in its task, DOE's Office of Basic Energy Sciences(BES)convened a two and-a half-day workshop last month in Rockville,Md.,in which a panel of distinguished scientists and engineers discussed and debated a host of issues related to developing a "hydrogen economy"The term refers to an energy system based on hydrogen as the principal energy medium. ... | 2022-09-10T08:45:56.769Z |
6,268,464 | {
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"DOI": "10.1021/bi801012p",
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} | Flavoredoxin is a FMN-containing electron transfer protein that functions in the energy-yielding metabolism of Desulfovibrio gigas of the Bacteria domain. Although characterization of this flavoredoxin is the only one reported, a database search revealed homologues widely distributed in both the Bacteria and Archaea domains that define a novel family. To improve our understanding of this family, a flavoredoxin from Methanosarcina acetivorans of the Archaea domain was produced in Escherichia coli and biochemically characterized, and a high-resolution crystal structure was determined. The protein was shown to be a homodimer with a subunit molecular mass of 21 kDa containing one noncovalently bound FMN per monomer. Redox titration showed an E(m) of -271 mV with two electrons, consistent with no semiquinone observed in the potential range studied, a result suggesting the flavoredoxin functions as a two-electron carrier. However, neither of the obligate two-electron carriers, NAD(P)H and coenzyme F420H2, was a competent electron donor, whereas 2[4Fe-4S] ferredoxin reduced the flavoredoxin. The X-ray crystal structure determined at 2.05 A resolution revealed a homodimer containing one FMN per monomer, consistent with the biochemical characterization. The isoalloxazine ring of FMN was shown buried within a narrow groove approximately 10 A from the positively charged protein surface that possibly facilitates interaction with the negatively charged ferredoxin. The structure provides a basis for predicting the mechanism by which electrons are transferred between ferredoxin and FMN. The FMN is bound with hydrogen bonds to the isoalloxazine ring and electrostatic interactions with the phosphate moiety that, together with sequence analyses of homologues, indicate a novel FMN binding motif for the flavoredoxin family. | 2022-07-29T08:59:12.758Z |
252,085,195 | {
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"url": "https://ojs.unigal.ac.id/index.php/jmt/article/download/2787/2106"
} | Penelitian ini dititikberatkan pada price discount dan e-marketing terhadap impulse buying behavior (Suatu Studi pada Konsumen Eiger Adventure Store Ciamis). Permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam penelitian ini meliputi (1) Bagaimana pengaruh price discount terhadap impulse buying behavior pada Eiger Adventure Store Ciamis,(2) Bagaimana pengaruh e-marketing terhadap impulse buying behavior pada Eiger Adventure Store Ciamis, (3) Bagaimana pengaruh price discount dan e-marketing terhadap impulse buying behavior pada Eiger Adventure Store Ciamis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) Mengetahui pengaruh price discount terhadap terhadap impulse buying behavior pada Eiger Adventure Store Ciamis, (2) Mengetahui pengaruh e-marketing terhadap terhadap impulse buying behavior pada Eiger Adventure Store Ciamis, (3) Mengetahui pengaruh price discount dan e-marketing terhadap terhadap impulse buying behavior pada Eiger Adventure Store Ciamis. Metode yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah metode survey dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik menganalisis data yang diperoleh digunakan analisis deskriptif meliputi analisis koefesien korelasi sederhana, analisis koefisien korelasi berganda, analisis regresi berganda, analisis koefesien determinasi, dan Uji Hipotesis menggunakan Uji Signifikansi (Uji t dan Uji F). Hasil penelitian dan pengolahan data menunjukan bahwa price discount dan e-marketing terhadap Impulse Buying Behavior sebesar 42,5%. %, sedangkan sisanya 57,5% dipengaruhi faktor lain yang tidak diteliti. Diharapkan Impulse buying behavior pada konsumen Eiger Adventure Store Ciamis sudah baik. Namun terdapat beberapa hal yang perlu ditingkatkan, yaitu pada indikator tidak dapat menolak keinginan dalam hati. Sebaiknya karyawan Eiger Adventure Store Ciamis yang menjelaskan keunggulan produk, dan menerapkan harga yang lebih murah dari sebelumnya sehingga konsumen lebih tertarik memutuskan untuk membeli secara tiba-tiba. | 2022-09-09T05:53:53.155Z |
29,006,767 | {
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} | Two cases of severe illness occurred following the intravenous injection of marihuana. Injection produces immediate severe body tremors with tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Diffuse aching pains, hypotension, non-oliguric renal failure, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia follow. In the cases we saw, all changes have been reversible. | 2022-09-11T05:16:15.712Z |
206,785,758 | {
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} | Radiotherapy has been advocated as an alternative treatment in early Dupuytren’s disease. We have systematically reviewed the evidence on the use of radiotherapy in Dupuytren’s disease. Only six articles met a minimum set standard, five of which were retrospective cohort studies and one a randomized controlled study. A total of 770 Dupuytren’s hands, nearly all with Tubiana stage 0–1 disease, were irradiated with an average 30 Gy. Disease regression ranged from 0%–56%, stability from 14%–98% and progression from 2%–86%. Salvage surgery was successful in all cases of disease progression post-radiotherapy. There were no reports of adverse wound healing problems associated with such surgery or radiotherapy-associated malignancy. On balance, radiotherapy should be considered an unproven treatment for early Dupuytren’s disease due to a scarce evidence base and unknown long-term adverse effects. Well-designed randomized controlled studies are required to confirm the benefits of radiotherapy treatment. Level of evidence: II | 2022-12-12T09:10:01.803Z |
129,442,964 | {
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"DOI": "10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.132.01.07",
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} | Abstract In an attempt to better understand the thermal history of the Ahnet and Reggane Basins, the techniques of apatite fission track analysis and zircon fission track analysis were employed on samples from a number of exploration wells previously drilled in the study area. The results indicated clear evidence for a major heating event at c. 200 Ma, overprinted on the effects of heating caused by simple burial before the Hercynian uplift. It is proposed that at least two major phases of hydrocarbon generation took place within the study area; an early, pre-Hercynian phase, in which chiefly liquid hydrocarbons were expelled and a later phase, associated with a ‘heat spike’ at c. 200 Ma, in which significant quantities of dry gas were generated and expelled. | 2022-12-16T11:38:18.238Z |
45,433,279 | {
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"url": "https://academic.oup.com/endo/article-pdf/149/5/2306/9000219/endo2306.pdf"
} | Ghrelin is mainly described for its effects on feeding behavior and metabolism. However, central nervous system distribution of its receptor [type 1a GH secretagogue receptor (GHSR)] and modulation of neurotransmission in the hypothalamus suggest broader effects than originally predicted. Systemically administrated ghrelin inhibits inflammatory pain after behavioral observations. Therefore, we investigated the expression and function of type 1a GHSR in mouse spinal cord by molecular biology, biochemistry, histology, and electrophysiology. The mRNA and protein were detected in tissue extracts by RT-PCR and Western blotting. In situ, receptor mRNA and immunoreactivity were localized to cell bodies within the medial aspect of the deep dorsal horn. Patch clamp recordings on laminae IV-VI demonstrated that bath-applied ghrelin (100 nm) induced a strong increase of spontaneous gamma-aminobutyric acid/glycine-mediated current frequency (463 +/- 93% of the control) and amplitude (150 +/- 16% of the control) in about 60% of recorded neurons. Specificity of type 1a GHSR activation was confirmed by the lack of effect of the deacylated form of ghrelin (des-acyl-ghrelin) and after preincubation with the specific receptor antagonist [d-Lys(3)]GHRP-6. In the presence of tetrodotoxin, the effect of the peptide was strongly reduced, mainly indicating an action potential-dependent mechanism. The functional link between ghrelin and pain was confirmed by inhibition in vitro of the c-fos response to capsaicin activation of nociceptive fibers, after quantification of Fos-immunoreactive nuclei in laminae IV-VI. Our results are the first demonstration of the presence of functional type 1a GHSRs in the spinal cord and indicate that ghrelin may exert antinociceptive effects by directly increasing inhibitory neurotransmission in a subset of deep dorsal horn neurons. | 2022-12-21T06:21:58.169Z |
118,976,192 | {
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"url": "https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2019/02/aa33969-18.pdf"
} | Context. Using parametric equations of state (relativistic polytropes and a simple quark bag model) to model dense-matter phase transitions, we study global, measurable astrophysical parameters of compact stars such as their allowed radii and tidal deformabilities. We also investigate the influence of stiffness of matter before the onset of the phase transitions on the parameters of the possible exotic dense phase.
Aims. The aim of our study is to compare the parameter space of the dense matter equation of state permitting phase transitions to a sub-space compatible with current observational constraints such as the maximum observable mass, tidal deformabilities of neutron star mergers, radii of configurations before the onset of the phase transition, and to give predictions for future observations.
Methods. We studied solutions of the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations for a flexible set of parametric equations of state, constructed using a realistic description of neutron-star crust (up to the nuclear saturation density), and relativistic polytropes connected by a density-jump phase transition to a simple bag model description of deconfined quark matter.
Results. In order to be consistent with recent observations of massive neutron stars, a compact star with a strong high-mass phase transition cannot have a radius smaller than 12 km in the range of masses 1.2 − 1.6 M⊙. We also compare tidal deformabilities of stars with weak and strong phase transitions with the results of the GW170817 neutron star merger. Specifically, we study characteristic phase transition features in the Λ1 − Λ2 relation, and estimate the deviations of our results from the approximate formulæ for Λ∼ − R (M1) and Λ-compactness proposed in the literature. We find constraints on the hybrid equations of state to produce stable neutron stars on the twin branch. For the exemplary equations of state most of the high-mass twins occur for the minimum values of the density jump λ = 1.33 − 1.54; corresponding values of the square of the speed of sound are α = 0.7 − 0.37. We compare results with observations of gravitational waves and with the theoretical causal limit and find that the minimum radius of a twin branch is between 9.5 and 10.5 km, and depends on the phase transition baryon density. For these solutions the phase transition occurs below 0.56 fm−3. | 2022-12-21T17:50:11.933Z |
186,788,464 | {
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} | O trabalho analisa, segundo a ACG, 33 capas de revistas amplamente difundidas em português ou inglês, em quatro corpora: cinco capas da “Claudia” e cinco da “Cosmopolitan USA” (2008-2016), sobre mulher; 13 da “Veja” e 10 da “Time” (2015-2017), sobre política, temáticas relevantes numa formação cidadã. A análise contextual baseou-se em pesquisa bibliográfica nos sites das revistas e artigos científicos relevantes. A análise textual enfocou o Sistema de Transitividade (GSF), por meio da identificação e interpretação dos tipos de orações e da explicação dos dados em relação à análise contextual. Nas capas sobre mulher, predominam orações verbais e materiais, nas quais a revista é dizente e a mulher é ator/experienciador, sugerindo uma representação de agente no mundo externo/interno. Enquanto a “Claudia” retrata a mulher que busca beleza e poder, a “Cosmopolitan” retrata uma mulher sedutora, associada à beleza e à satisfação masculina. Por abordarem diferentes cenários políticos, as capas sobre política diferenciam-se tanto nos tipos de processos quanto nos atores sociais referidos. Na “Time”, orações relacionais inter-relacionam principalmente “Donald Trump” e a presidência. No entanto, na “Veja”, principalmente orações materiais apresentam um amplo leque de personagens do cenário político como ator, promovendo relações interdiscursivas que demandam conhecimentos específicos por parte do leitor. Em geral, esses discursos variam conforme oscila o contexto social mais amplo. | 2022-01-23T02:53:31.053Z |
235,231,804 | {
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} | A ruddy clot, thick, viscous as fresh mudgets lodged within brain vessel. Language lobe,its thirst not slaked, vampiric quest for blood,succumbs, and like the emperor disrobed, | 2022-01-28T01:12:48.223Z |
225,211,697 | {
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} |
The theoretical basis of traditional polymer flooding technology is to improve the viscosity of displacement phase, in order to enhance oil recovery significantly. However, polymer solution is a continuous phase viscous fluid, and it cannot distinguish the large or small pore, which causes the damage in low permeability layer. Furthermore, it leads to the "entry profile inversion" phenomenon and the reduction of injection and liquid production capacity in the field application. Aiming at these problems, a novel particle type microgel (self-adaptive microgel) flooding technology has been developed in recent years.
The appearance of self-adaptive microgel is spherical. And it is dispersed in water when displacing oil. Firstly, in this paper its basic physical and chemical properties were studied. Then the pore scale mechanism model of reservoir is used to simulate the flooding process of traditional polymer and self-adaptive microgel, which proves the mechanism advancement of self-adaptive microgel flooding. On this basis, the oil displacement effect evaluation was carried out by the macro physical simulation experiments. Furthermore, this technology has been applied in 8 reservoirs with different conditions.
Results show that, self-adaptive microgels have good water swelling properties. They expand rapidly in the initial stage, and then gradually tend to be stable. Secondly, the pore scale simulation experiment shows that, microgel particles present the motion feature of "migration, trapping, deformation" in the porous media. Meanwhile, the particles gather in the larger pore to form the bridge block, and their carrier fluid displace oil in the small pore. So they work in cooperation, which can reduce the flow ability of water phase in the big pore and improve the flow ability of residual oil in small pore. Furthermore, the 3D macro physical simulation experiment shows that, self-adaptive microgel flooding can achieve better oil displacement effect than polymer flooding. Finally, this technology has been applied in 8 oilfields with different conditions, which contains the reservoir temperature from 24 to 126 °C, crude oil viscosity from 1.36 to 156 mPa.s, water cut from 81.4% to 97.5% and recovery degree from 9.55% to 64.4%. And they all obtain good technical and economic effect, with the lowest input-output ratio of 1.67 and the highest of 14.37.
Summing up the lab studies and field trial, the new particle-type microgel flooding technology is more efficient and progressiveness. Therefore, its mechanism and performance are further studied in this paper. Meanwhile, its field trial effects are explored and analyzed. The research results provide theoretical basis and technical support for the popularization and application of self-adaptive microgel flooding technology, which may also provide some reference for oil companies to make a wise investment decision in low oil price period. | 2022-01-27T08:16:10.136Z |
29,839,662 | {
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"url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdq764"
} | We read the article by Minig et al. [1] with great interest. The authors evaluated the efficacy of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) for treating patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) or early-stage endometrial cancer, grade I, who wanted to maintain their fertility. The research demonstrated that the combined therapy of LNG-IUD plus GnRH agonist had a substantial effect on tumor regression in some of those patients. In their results, five patients (14%) who were included in the study diagnosed with concomitant ovarian cancer when they underwent diagnostic laparoscopy. We have several questions for this. Soliman et al. [2] reported 19% (36 of 188) of synchronous ovarian cancer in their retrospective cohort study for young premenopausal patients with endometrial cancer, although they included all stages of endometrial cancers in their study. A Gynecologic Oncology Group study that evaluated spread patterns of stage 1 endometrial cancer revealed that 144 (22%) of 621 patients had extrauterine disease including lymph node metastasis, adnexal lesion, and intraperitoneal spread [3]. However, other researchers suggested a negligible risk for extrauterine disease in earlystage endometrial cancer [4]. In a multicenter phase II study to assess the efficacy of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) therapy for endometrial cancer, the researchers did not carry out diagnostic laparoscopy for staging of disease but used magnetic resonance imaging [5]. We would like to know the opinion of Minig et al. about whether diagnostic laparoscopy should be conducted to confirm the disease status of patients who are supposed to be in early-stage endometrial cancer before MPA treatment, and then, to exclude the patients with advanced endometrial cancer or concomitant ovarian cancer, what kind of procedures, such as pelvic lymph node dissection, para-aortic lymph node dissection, and ovarian biopsy, should be included in the operative laparoscopy? In addition, it is difficult to distinguish whether concomitant ovarian cancer is primary or metastatic. How do the authors differentiate primary disease on ovary from metastatic disease? In treating patients with AEH or endometrial cancer, LNGIUD and GnRH analogue were used for 1 year and for 6 months, respectively. As the authors indicated in their literature, all patients who had complete remission (CR) experienced CR at 6 months after the treatment initiation. It might be due to the additive effect of GnRH agonist on LNGIUD. When extending treatment period of GnRH agonist for 1 year, we wonder the authors’ opinion about the risk–benefit consideration of GnRH analogue. Korean Gynecologic Oncology Group (KGOG) had conducted a pilot study on treatment effect of LNG-IUD for endometrial hyperplasia [6] and Kim et al. also performed a pilot study of MPA plus LNG-IUD for early-stage endometrial cancer in young women (unpublished data). Our study found that MPA plus LNG-IUD treatment was effective and safe. Based on this result, KGOG just started a multicenter prospective study (KGOG 2009) to demonstrate the effect of MPA plus LNG-IUD in treating patients with early-stage endometrial cancer. Could we get any comments or opinion on this trial? We believe that the study by Minig et al. would be beneficial to keep conducting KGOG 2009 study and analyze the results in future. | 2022-01-27T20:06:31.256Z |
43,124,538 | {
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} | Background: Simultaneous bilateral thalamic infarctions are rare and in most cases associated with typical clinical pattern which, beside other things, include neuropsychological changes. Case report: We report a case of a 37- year-old woman with acute onset ofdiplopia from skew deviation, right-sided central facial nerve palsy, left hemihypesthesia, ataxia, with normal level of consciousness and without any neuropsychological disturbances except minor memory deficit. She was diagnosed with bilateral thalamic infarction due to the cardioembolisation via patent foramen ovale. Conclusion: In cases of bilateral thalamic infarction one can presume the existence of rare anatomic variant of thalamic perfusion commonly known as the artery of Percheron, single artery trunk that branches to irrigate both paramedian territories of thalamus. The cause of infarction can be cardioembolism trough the patent foramen ovale, especially in young adults. Our case represents a combination of two specific pathological conditions - patent foramen ovale and bilateral thalamic infarction. Clinical presentation in this case was unusual for the bithalamic paramedian infarction. | 2022-02-12T02:16:51.357Z |
20,707,833 | {
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"DOI": "10.1136/dtb.25.17.67",
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} | Carboplatin (Paraplatin – Bristol Myers) is an analogue of cisplatin, intended to offer equal efficacy with less toxicity. Cisplatin is very effective in the treatment of testicular and ovarian cancer and several other malignancies, but it is also very toxic. It causes peripheral neuropathy, auditory and renal damage, severe vomiting and mild bone marrow suppression.1,2 in early clinical studies, carboplatin appeared much less nephrotoxic and neurotoxic than cisplatin, and less emetic.3 How has it turned out on further evaluation?4 | 2022-02-12T21:47:19.810Z |
227,220,059 | {
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"DOI": "10.1109/ISDCS49393.2020.9263018",
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} | On-chip VLSI interconnects is considered very promising area in the field of IC design in recent years. The delay of interconnect system becomes pre-dominant than the on-chip transistor gate delay in ultra large scale integration due to the substantial parasitic effects. Further the increase in Joule heating and significant increase of grain boundary scattering posed a harsh challenge for future technologies. Subsequently the VLSI industry started a searching the alternative of conventional copper interconnect to get rid of these issues. Here the surprise innovation, graphene, came in picture. Graphene is the material with high electron mobility and high mean free path, so the high current density and lowest resistivity. For interconnect application, due to lower resistivity, graphene nano ribbon (GNR), further multi-layer GNR (MLGNR) has been considered to the most suitable for nano-interconnect application. Further intercalation doping improves the conductivity for MLGNR interconnect. This article demonstrates the basic structural properties and depicts the electrical models of single and multi-layer and intercalation doped GNR. A preliminary discussion on production methods for structuring pristine and intercalated GNR interconnect has also been discussed in this article. | 2022-05-06T13:29:55.437Z |
85,093,637 | {
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"DOI": "10.3382/PS.0561510",
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} | Abstract Four alfalfa leaf protein concentrates (Pro-Xan) were evaluated in two metabolizable energy (M.E.) trials and one broiler chick feeding trial. Extensive nutrient composition data for the Pro-Xans are presented. The protein content and nitrogen corrected M.E. values, determined for the Pro-Xans, on a dry matter basis, ranged from 51 to 68% and 2577 to 3182 kcal./kg., respectively. One of the Pro-Xans, prepared under commercial conditions, contained 62.8% protein and 2876 kcal. M.E. per kg. For the broiler chick feeding trial, this Pro-Xan was included at levels of 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0% in chick diets of three different M.E. levels. At each dietary M.E. level, the experimental diets were maintained isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Analysis of variance showed there was no significant effect (P=.05) of Pro-Xan dietary level on chick weight gain or feed efficiency. | 2022-05-29T20:19:17.488Z |
163,463,619 | {
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"DOI": "10.2307/2943559",
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} | of these deficits. Among the short-range measures used by officials to make ends meet were: "reporting complete payments as unpaid," "making up old deficits with new returns," "transferring returns to cover public expenditures for the purposes not assigned," "making up deficits by transferring official funds from items of revenue," and "payment to be deferred because of a natural calamity." The author mentions other fraudulent practices of the Ch'ing officials, such as taking care of their mo-yu and master-disciple connections by means of recourse to the public treasury. In the long run these practices further aggravated the problem of fiscal deficits, and the author advances the thesis that the ultimate cause of the deficits was greediness of officials. To the reviewers, it seems quite unnecessary to invoke a universal propensity to greed as an explanation of fiscal deficits; the institutional causes as outlined by Mr. Suzuki are sufficient explanations. In the Ch'ing case, it is quite clear that the institutional factors should be seen as eliciting "greed" rather than vice versa. Mr. Nagayama Hachiro's article "Pao Ch'ao and the T'ing-chiin" is an attempt to study some aspects of the modernization of the Chinese army during the period of the Taiping rebellion by following up the career of a prominent general, Pao Ch'ao, and the development of the T'ing-chiin, the army first recruited and organized by him. The article introduces a wealth of information on the campaigns of suppression of the Taipings. However, the personality of the general does not emerge from the mass of details, except for the fact that he was extremely brave but not quite literate. As a study of the institution of the army, the article seems to suggest that the improvements in organization and command of the Tingchiin were mainly due to the personal judgment of Tseng Kuo-fan. A minor criticism is that the author uses such terms as long-haired bandits (ch'ang-mao tsei) without quotation marks instead of the less value-laden terms used by recent historians of China, such as the Taipings or the Taiping rebels. At the end of the volume are appended the tables of contents from three Chinese magazines: Kuo-shih-\uan \uan-1(an, Chung-\uo nung-min, and Hsin ch'ing-nien, which have 209 | 2022-06-23T22:37:01.473Z |
250,804,328 | {
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"DOI": "10.1088/0022-3727/35/15/310",
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} | In this paper, the decay characteristics of space charge under the short circuit for low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and blend polymer of LDPE and polypropylene copolymer were investigated by the pulsed electro-acoustic method. The decay processes for both, LDPE and the blend polymer, have two time constants which suggest the existence of two kinds of traps. The activation energy was estimated from the relationship between decay time constant and temperature. Two activation energies corresponding to the two time constants increase by blending polypropylene copolymer with LDPE. It suggests the deepening of trap depth by blending which is consistent with the previous work. | 2022-07-31T19:55:59.314Z |
122,515,374 | {
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"DOI": "10.1117/12.2015921",
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} | Recent years have seen a rise in sophisticated navigational positioning techniques. Starting from classical GPS, differential GPS, ground-based augmentation, and raw data submission have opened possibilities for high precision lateral positioning for beyond what was thinkable before. This yields new perspectives for technologies like ACAS/TCAS, by enabling last-minute lateral avoidance as a supplement to the established vertical avoidance maneuvers. Working together with Ohio University’s Avionics Department, DLR has developed and tested a set of displays for situational awareness and lateral last-minute avoidance in a collision situation, implementing some state-of-the art ideas in collision avoidance. The displays include the possibility to foresee the hazard zone of a possible intruder and thus avoid that zone early. The displays were integrated into Ohio University’s experimental airplane, and a flight experiment was conducted to make a first evaluation of the applicability. The tests were carried out in fall 2012. We will present the principal architecture of the displays and detail the implementation into the flight carrier. Furthermore, we will give first results of the displays’ performance. | 2022-09-07T20:19:31.612Z |
252,417,333 | {
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"DOI": "10.14710/mkmi.21.1.22-27",
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},
"license": "CCBYSA",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/mkmi/article/download/40820/21275"
} | Latar belakang: Penggunaan rokok tembakau saat ini telah beralih menjadi rokok elektrik terutama pada kalangan remaja di dunia. Karena, kurangnya pemahaman tentang bahaya rokok elektrik. Sehingga, pemahaman tentang rokok elektrik perlu ditingkatkan dengan melakukan promosi kesehatan sebagai bentuk pencegahan menggunakan media visual. Penelitian ini menggunakan Instagram dan Line sebagai media promosi kesehatan bahaya rokok elektrik dan sasarannya adalah mahasiswa Universitas Airlangga Surabaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan efektivitas media sosial Instagram dan Line sebagai media promosi kesehatan tentang bahaya rokok elektrik.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental semu dan sasarannya adalah mahasiswa Universitas Airlangga Surabaya angkatan 2016-2020 dengan total sampel sebanyak 100 responden. Pengambilan sampel di-lakukan dengan menggunakan Lemeshow dari Stanley Lemeshow (1997). Penelitian ini menggunakan pengukuran uji T berpasangan dan independent sample t-test.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan tingkat penge-tahuan antara kelompok media sosial Instagram dan Line. Sedangkan sikap terdapat perbedaan pada media sosial Instagram, dan tindakan terdapat perbedaan pada media sosial Line. Niat tidak terdapat perbedaan antara sebelum dan sesudah diberikan media sosial Instagram dan Line.Simpulan: Media sosial Line lebih efektif dibanding Instagram dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang bahaya rokok elektrik.Kata kunci: Instagram; Line; Rokok Elektrik; Perubahan Perilaku; Sosial Media ABSTRACT Title: Comparison of the Effectiveness of Instagram and Line in Behavior Dangerous of E-Cigarettes on the Students of Universitas Airlangga SurabayaBackground: In this era, using tobacco cigarettes has turned into e-cigarettes, especially among teenagers in the world. Because, a lack of understanding about the dangers of e-cigarettes. So, understanding about e-cigarettes needs to be im-proved by carrying out health promotion as a form of prevention using social media. This study uses Instagram and Line as health promotion media about the dangers of e-cigarettes and the target were students of Unversitas Airlang-ga Surabaya. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of social media Instagram and Line as health promotion media about the dan-gers of e-cigarettes.Method: This study used a quasi-experimental methods and the target were students of Universitas Airlangga Surabaya batch 2016-2020 with total sample of 100 respondents. The sample was taken using Lemeshow by Stanley Lemeshow (1997). This study used paired-samples t test and independent sample t test measure.Result: The result of this study showed that there was a difference in knowledge be-tween media social Instagram group and Line group. Meanwhile, there are attitudes difference in media social Instagram and actions are different in social media Line. Intention is not different between before and after being given social media Instagram and Line.Conclusion: It is concluded that social media Line is more effective than social media Instagram in increasing knowledge about the dangers of e-cigarettes.Keywords: Instagram; Line; E-cigarette; Behaviour Change; Social Media | 2022-09-23T17:12:35.901Z |
16,498,846 | {
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"DOI": "10.1088/0022-3719/8/20/004",
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} | It is shown that an integrity basis of absolute invariants for any representation of a finite abelian group follows from one integrity basis universal of this group-the typical integrity basis(TIB). An algorithm based on a subsequent multiplication of monomial bases to irreducible representations is found for deriving the TIB. The concept of integrity basis is extended to relative invariants that transform by non-identical representations. It is shown that there exists a finite set of relative invariants such that any other relative invariant can be expressed linearly to this set and polynomially to the integrity basis. As an application, integrity bases in polarization vector and strain tensor components are found for all abelian crystal point groups. Together with invariants that are pure in polarization or in strain tensor and were previously derived by other authors, invariants composed from both quantities, which describe the piezoelectric coupling are presented. | 2022-09-27T00:52:06.599Z |
212,945,424 | {
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"DOI": "10.1002/mdc3.12898",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://movementdisorders.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/mdc3.12898"
} | A 60-year-old previously healthy chef seized with subsequent dysarthria, right-sided hemiparesis, and sensory neglect. Computed tomography imaging showed subarachnoid hemorrhage, a 3-mm anterior communicating artery aneurysm, and encephalomalacia of the bilateral inferior frontal lobes from a previous fall. He developed acute hydrocephalus and was transferred to the neurosurgical center for external ventricular drain insertion and coiling of the left anterior communicating artery aneurysm. The external ventricular drain was removed on day 16. The patient was transferred back to our hospital on day 36. He was noted to be noncommunicative and incontinent of urine with a magnetic gait (Video S1). He scrolled continuously on his phone, even when off. He demonstrated striking utilization behavior (Video S1). Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed hydrocephalus with transependymal edema (Fig. 1). There was also a small, established infarct in the left frontal lobe adjacent to the sylvian fissure. Lumbar puncture was not possible because of severe ankylosing spondylitis. The patient was transferred for ventriculo-peritoneal shunting on day 77. He began to speak immediately postoperatively with utilization behavior and gait apraxia resolving by day 79 (Video S2). He made a remarkable recovery and has returned to work. Utilization behavior, described by Lhermitte in 1983, is an abnormal behavioral response to external stimuli where the sight of an object implies an order to use it. This behavior occurs without any “internal motivation.” Lhermitte proposed the term environmental dependency syndrome to describe the loss of autonomy and excessive dependence on environmental cues seen in patients with utilization and imitation behaviors. Such patients have difficulty inhibiting spontaneous behavioral patterns in response to sensory stimuli. There have been attempts to anatomically localize this behavior since Lhermitte’s description. Loss of the “inhibitory function of damaged frontal lobes on the parietal lobes” was proposed. However, case reports document various locations responsible for this behavior ranging from lesions of orbitofrontal lobes to fronto-striatal projections. Mesulam divided the frontal lobe into the following 3 components: the “motor-premotor component,” the “paralimbic cortex,” and the “heteromodal association cortex.” Goldberg hypothesized that utilization behavior arises as a result of “medial system” (including the supplementary motor area [SMA] and cingulate gyrus) lesions causing a loss of internally driven actions and overdominance of externally driven actions controlled by “lateral systems.” The 2 main motor circuits, the pre-SMA-M1 circuit and the parieto-premotor-M1 circuit converge on the primary motor cortex (M1) to mediate voluntary (pre-SMA-M1) and stimulusdriven actions (parieto-premotor-M1). Pre-SMA-M1 and parieto-premotor-M1 circuits are normally counterbalanced, enabling us to perform habitual (automatic) movements and without unintentionally grasping nearby objects. The pre-SMAM1 circuit may inhibit stimulus-driven actions initiated by the parieto-premotor-M1 circuit. Any imbalance in favor of the parieto-premotor-M1 circuit results in disinhibited behavior whereby a person is dependent on visual or tactile cues. This results in environmental dependency syndrome. Cerebrospinal fluid drainage in patients with hydrocephalus results in increased activation of the SMA. There are no reports of utilization behavior secondary to hydrocephalus with prior | 2022-12-17T23:40:15.198Z |
60,766,150 | {
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"DOI": "10.1109/PROC.1969.7527",
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} | It appears feasible for satellite relay systems to provide polarization discrimination of 20 to 30 dB (or more with adaptive antennas) in the antenna main beam. Thus if the systems are designed to operate with smaller wanted to unwanted signal ratios than those provided by polarization discrimination, it should be possible to double the effective spectrum available by using it independently on two orthogonal polarizations. | 2022-12-27T15:30:45.947Z |
98,111,350 | {
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"DOI": "10.1039/C5GC02277K",
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} | Ionic liquid gel materials offer a way to further utilise ionic liquids in technological applications. Combining the controlled and directed assembly of gels, with the diverse applications of ionic liquids, enables the design of a heady combination of functional tailored materials, leading to the development of task specific/functional ionic liquid gels. This review introduces gels and gel classification, focusing on ionic liquid gels and their potential roles in a more sustainable future. Ionic liquid gels provide the ability to build functionality at every level, the solid component, the ionic liquid, and any incorporated active functional agents. This allows materials to be custom designed for a vast assortment of applications. This diverse class of materials has the potential to yield functional materials for green and sustainable chemistry, energy, electronics, medicine, food, cosmetics, and more. The discussion of the development of ionic liquid gel materials for applications in green and sustainable chemistry centres on uses of ionic liquid gels in catalysis and energy. | 2022-12-30T05:49:00.199Z |
168,825,049 | {
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"DOI": "10.1063/1.4979429",
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} | The formation of the optimal portfolio is a method that can help investors to minimize risks and optimize profitability. One model for the optimal portfolio is a Black-Litterman (BL) model. BL model can incorporate an element of historical data and the views of investors to form a new prediction about the return of the portfolio as a basis for preparing the asset weighting models. BL model has two fundamental problems, the assumption of normality and estimation parameters on the market Bayesian prior framework that does not from a normal distribution. This study provides an alternative solution where the modelling of the BL model stock returns and investor views from non-normal distribution. | 2022-05-13T00:59:50.646Z |
221,733,614 | {
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"DOI": "10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07548.x",
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} | A feedback control element near the transcription start site of the maize Shrunken gene determines promoter activity Identification of barley stripe mosaic virus genes involved in viral RNA replication and systemic movement Identification and localization of high molecular weight proteins in insect flight and leg muscle Specific structural alteration of the influenza haemagglutinin by amantadine ATP and cytosol requirements for transferrin recycling in intact and disrupted MDCK cells Mouse B lymphocyte specific endocytosis and recycling of MHC class II molecules Targeting of a lysosomal membrane protein: a tyrosine-containing endocytosis signal in the cytoplasmic tail of lysosomal acid phosphatase is necessary and sufficient for targeting to lysosomes Mannose 6-phosphate receptor dependent secretion of lysosomal enzymes Differential microtubule requirements for transcytosis in MIDCK cells Cotranslational glycosylation of proteins in systems depleted of protein disulphide isomerase In situ analysis of myelin basic protein gene expression in myelin-deficient oligodendrocytes: antisense hnRNA and readthrough transcription Phosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein tau: identification of the site for Ca2+-calmodulin dependent kinase and relationship with tau phosphorylation in Alzheimer tangles Activity dependent regulation of BDNF and NGF mRNAs in the rat hippocampus is mediated by non-NMDA glutamate receptors Different forms ofVUltrabithorax proteins generated by alternative splicing are functionally equivalent Identification of a potential RNA intermediate for transposition of the LINE-like element I factor in Drosophila melanogaster Complementation of fission yeast cdc2' and cdc25ts mutants identifies two cell cycle genes from Drosophila: a cdc2 homologue and string U.Schindler and A.R.Cashmore | 2022-01-27T14:49:16.633Z |
19,034,224 | {
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"DOI": "10.1109/BIOROB.2008.4762787",
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} | A computational model of spatial cognition in rats is used to control an autonomous mobile robot while solving a spatial task within a cyclic maze. In this paper we evaluate the robotpsilas behavior in terms of place recognition in multiple directions and goal-oriented navigation against the results derived from experimenting with laboratory rats solving the same spatial task in a similar maze. We provide a general description of the bio-inspired model, and a comparative behavioral analysis between rats and robot. | 2022-02-12T23:20:21.083Z |
120,213,364 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1143/JJAP.40.L521",
"MAG": "1965655621",
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} | DNA oligonucleotides are considered to be as a useful tool for fabricating complex structures on a nanometer scale because of their selective reactivity. Herein, we describe a fabrication technique for heterogeneous three-dimensional nanoparticle arrays composed of gold nanoparticles of two different sizes linked by thiol-synthesized DNA oligonucleotides. Each size of the gold nanoparticles was encapsulated by complementary DNA oligonucleotides. DNA hybridization occurs upon their mixing, resulting in the construction of a three-dimensional nanostructure. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation and UV spectroscopy were performed to confirm the construction of the nanostructure. This fabrication technique will be crucial for the advancement of nanotechnology in the next ten years. | 2022-03-04T08:35:33.657Z |
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