text
stringlengths 57
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| relation
stringclasses 125
values | h
dict | t
dict |
|---|---|---|---|
the cells were similar both to fibroblasts and to fat-storing cells in their morphological features . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
4,
9
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
31,
42
]
} |
after 6 days in culture , the great majority of chromaffin cells stored noradrenaline as revealed by electron microscopy with few adrenaline-storing cells being visible . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
72,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
130,
140
]
} |
proteins containing arginine occur in a and b cells only , and those containing basic amino acids occur in c2 cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0003765",
"name": "arginine",
"pos": [
20,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0301714",
"name": "basic amino acids",
"pos": [
80,
97
]
} |
fractionation of dna by the procedure of hirt ( 1967 ) as well as by sedimentation through alkaline sucrose suggests that about two thirds of the viral dna is associated with high molecular weight cell dna . | NA | {
"id": "C0012939",
"name": "viral dna",
"pos": [
146,
155
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
202,
205
]
} |
when hybridized to double stranded viral dna under conditions which favor rna : dna duplex formation , nuclear ad2 rna displaces the homologous dna region and generates r loop structures whose size is proportional to the length of the hybridizing rna . | NA | {
"id": "C0035700",
"name": "nuclear",
"pos": [
103,
110
]
} | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
247,
250
]
} |
it converts sv40 dna to a nucleoprotein which co-sediments with naturally occurring sv40 chromatin and which can be cleaved by micrococcal nuclease to a highly ordered pattern of dna fragments resembling those from digestion of liver chromatin . | NA | {
"id": "C0028612",
"name": "nucleoprotein",
"pos": [
26,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0008546",
"name": "chromatin",
"pos": [
234,
243
]
} |
procollagen and collagen produced by a teratocarcinoma-derived cell line , tsd4 : evidence for a new molecular form of collagen . | NA | {
"id": "C0033235",
"name": "procollagen",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0009325",
"name": "collagen",
"pos": [
119,
127
]
} |
procollagen and collagen were isolated from the culture medium and cell layer of line tsd4 ( obtained from mouse teratocarcinoma ott6050 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0033235",
"name": "procollagen",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0009325",
"name": "collagen",
"pos": [
16,
24
]
} |
among the aliphatic bisguanylhydrazones , all of which showed no binding to dna and caused at the most only a very slight inhibition of dna polymerase , only methylglyoxal-bis ( guanylhydrazone ) ( ch3 -- g ) had antileukemic activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
76,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
226,
227
]
} |
an angiotensin ii ( a ii ) analogue ( 1-sar-8-ala-angiotensin ii ) ( saralasin ) was infused into 418 untreated hypertensive subjects during a 1-day evaluation while blood pressure was recorded every 2 minutes by arteriosonade . | NA | {
"id": "C0003009",
"name": "angiotensin ii",
"pos": [
3,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0036193",
"name": "saralasin",
"pos": [
69,
78
]
} |
hypertensive subjects who showed the pressor response had a significantly greater ( p less than 0.01 ) pressor sensitivity to a ii than did hypertensive nonresponders to saralasin and noraml subjects on an uncontrolled diet . | NA | {
"id": "C0003009",
"name": "a ii",
"pos": [
126,
130
]
} | {
"id": "C0036193",
"name": "saralasin",
"pos": [
170,
179
]
} |
in summary , the pressor response to saralasin , as defined above , occurred in 23 % of a large unselected group of hypertensive subjects and was associated with salt loading , a low stimulated pra , and increased pressor sensitivity to a ii . | NA | {
"id": "C0036193",
"name": "saralasin",
"pos": [
37,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0003009",
"name": "a ii",
"pos": [
237,
241
]
} |
hemodynamic and ventricular volume parameters were evaluated in 21 patients ( 24 studies ) with total anomalous pulmonary venous return ( tapvr ) , 11 patients with secundum atrial septal defect ( asd ) , and eight patients who had complete correction of tapvr or asd . | NA | {
"id": "C0016522",
"name": "secundum atrial septal defect",
"pos": [
165,
194
]
} | {
"id": "C0018817",
"name": "asd",
"pos": [
264,
267
]
} |
in addition to stea , all eight patients had varying cardiac arrhythmias : multiple premature ventricular depolarizations in eight , ventricular tachycardia in five , and ventricular fibrillation in three . | NA | {
"id": "C0003811",
"name": "cardiac arrhythmias",
"pos": [
53,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0042510",
"name": "ventricular fibrillation",
"pos": [
171,
195
]
} |
spontaneous coronary artery spasm was documented angiographically in three patients including two who had minimal or no coronary atherosclerotic disease . | NA | {
"id": "C0010073",
"name": "coronary artery spasm",
"pos": [
12,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0010068",
"name": "coronary",
"pos": [
120,
128
]
} |
protein ( albumin or folate-free human serum ) must be added to the red-cell lysate to compensate for the serum loss resulting from the high dilution factor necessary . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
10,
17
]
} |
from solutions of isolated lipoproteins , very-low-density lipoproteins are 93 % extracted and high-density lipoproteins 60 % , but low-density-lipoproteins only 5 % . | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
27,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0023825",
"name": "very-low-density lipoproteins",
"pos": [
42,
71
]
} |
by spectrophotometric assay after incubation with an oxidizing mixture of cu ( ii ) ammine complex and ammonium persulfate , i could accurately and reproducibly determine o-quinoidal products of several potential synthetic cross-reactors and native poison ivy allergen , and could distinguish these from catecholamines , resorcinol , p-hydroquinone , and a closely related phenol . | NA | {
"id": "C0035197",
"name": "resorcinol",
"pos": [
321,
331
]
} | {
"id": "C0031428",
"name": "phenol",
"pos": [
373,
379
]
} |
an adaptation of the method of harper and brooker [ j. cyclic nucleotide res . 1,207 ( 1975 ) ] , its advantage lies in the fact that the simple acetylation of the samples -- a procedure developed by these workers -- greatly increases specificity and sensitivity beyond those of previous methods and permits the measurement of femtomole quantities of both cyclic nucleotides without prepurification . | NA | {
"id": "C0028630",
"name": "nucleotide",
"pos": [
62,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0028631",
"name": "cyclic nucleotides",
"pos": [
356,
374
]
} |
glucaric acid increased markedly during pregnancy , from 14.4 +/- 2.1 in the first trimester to 23.5 +/- 2.8 mumol of d-glucaro-1,4-lactone per gram of creatinine in the third trimester . | NA | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
40,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0032979",
"name": "first trimester",
"pos": [
77,
92
]
} |
glucaric acid increased markedly during pregnancy , from 14.4 +/- 2.1 in the first trimester to 23.5 +/- 2.8 mumol of d-glucaro-1,4-lactone per gram of creatinine in the third trimester . | NA | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
40,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0032981",
"name": "third trimester",
"pos": [
170,
185
]
} |
compounds like x-537a and a23187 , which show high affinity for biologically active divalent cations , are being widely used as tools to study the physiologic roles of these cations . | NA | {
"id": "C0007448",
"name": "divalent cations",
"pos": [
84,
100
]
} | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "cations",
"pos": [
174,
181
]
} |
the most common ankle and foot deformities in cerebral palsy are equinus , equinovalgus , equinovarus , calcaneus and hallux valgus . | NA | {
"id": "C0016506",
"name": "foot deformities",
"pos": [
26,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0018536",
"name": "hallux valgus",
"pos": [
118,
131
]
} |
applying the method of prelabelling of fl cells at 16 degrees c for 1 h with subsequent addition of dipyridamole the drug failed to show an effect on cellular rna synthesis per se in uninfected cells whereas the viral rna synthesis in mengo-virus-infected l cells was completely depressed . | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
159,
162
]
} | {
"id": "C0035736",
"name": "viral rna",
"pos": [
212,
221
]
} |
with several bacterial strains , expecially if producers of beta-lactamase type iv , exposure of either the bacterial suspensions of the brothsupernatant to the isoxazolylpenicillins appears both in vivo and in vitro to reduce the extent of subsequent hydrolysis of penicillinase-sensitive beta-lactam antibiotics . | NA | {
"id": "C0597979",
"name": "beta-lactamase",
"pos": [
60,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0030841",
"name": "penicillinase",
"pos": [
266,
279
]
} |
rates of reduction in viability and degree of cell killing were relatively independent of concentrations when replicating cultured l1210 cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of 6-thioguanine , 6-methylthiopurine ribonucleoside , 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-9h-purine-6-thiol , or 9-ethyl-6-thiopurine . | NA | {
"id": "C0039902",
"name": "thioguanine",
"pos": [
190,
201
]
} | {
"id": "C0034140",
"name": "purine",
"pos": [
303,
309
]
} |
hemocytes from impaternate mormoniella diploid males and triploid females contain the 2c and 3c amounts of dna , respectively therefore dosage compensation involves an additional cycle of dna replication only in hapoid cells , and it insures that a certain minimum quantity of dna is received by each somatic cell . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
107,
110
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
304,
305
]
} |
the presence of these carrier-proteins for neurohormones was demonstrated by two different radioimmunossays : one highly specific for human pituitary estrogen-stimulated neurophysin ( h-esn ) and the second for pituitary bovine neurophysin ii ( b-nii ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0007292",
"name": "carrier-proteins",
"pos": [
22,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0027900",
"name": "neurophysin",
"pos": [
228,
239
]
} |
computer simulation taking into account the penetration of trypsin in the slices , the kinetics of thyrotropin inactivation and the relation between thyrotropin concentration and cyclic amp concentration at the steady state has made it possible to estimate the true cellular half-life of cyclic amp in the stimulated cell to 1 min 50 s . | NA | {
"id": "C0022702",
"name": "kinetics",
"pos": [
87,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0018517",
"name": "half-life",
"pos": [
275,
284
]
} |
the 45-s rna is transformed to 19-s and 30-s ribosomal rna as time progresses or after a chase with unlabeled and/or actinomycin d . | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
9,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "ribosomal rna",
"pos": [
45,
58
]
} |
these beta-lactams bound to either all or some of those proteins to which benzyl [ 14c ] penicillin bound . | NA | {
"id": "C0282215",
"name": "beta-lactams",
"pos": [
6,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0030842",
"name": "penicillin",
"pos": [
89,
99
]
} |
experiments with nuclei isolated from azidocytidine-inhibited , polyoma-infected cells indicated ( a ) that the number of replicating molecules is decreased during the inhibition and ( b ) that upon incubation of the nuclei there is a rapid synthesis of dna occurring in a new class of dna molecules which are at a very early state of replication . | NA | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
28,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna molecules",
"pos": [
286,
299
]
} |
'free ' enzyme of about 4-9 s , one or more 'enzyme complexes ' of about 18-25 s , and in association with ribosomes . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
8,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0026741",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
45,
51
]
} |
the only aminoacyl-trna synthetases found not to be associated in significant amounts with either 18-25 s enzyme complexes or ribosomes in any of the cell types examined were the enzymes for alanine , histidine , and serine . | NA | {
"id": "C0026741",
"name": "enzyme complexes",
"pos": [
106,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzymes",
"pos": [
179,
186
]
} |
all cell types evidenced 18-25-s synthetase activity for arginine , aspartic acid , glutamine , glutamic acid , isoleucine , leucine , lysine , methionine , proline , and valine , although in quite variable porportions of the total activity observed for these amino acids . | NA | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "glutamine",
"pos": [
84,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glutamic acid",
"pos": [
96,
109
]
} |
incubation of three proteins : t7 dna-priming protein , t7 dna polymerase , and t7 dna-binding protein , with ribonucleoside and deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates , and with phix174dna as template leads to the generation of 'rolling circle-like ' structures as visualized in the electron microscope . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
20,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0012940",
"name": "dna-binding protein",
"pos": [
83,
102
]
} |
the roles of the membrane-bound and soluble c-type cytochromes in algal photosynthesis are discussed , and it is recommended that the name cytochrome f should be reserved for the membrane-bound cytochrome ( to emphasize its affinity with higher plant cytochrome f ) , while the soluble one should be named by its alpha-band ( c-552 , c-553 , etc . ) to make clear its distinctness from higher plant cytochrome f and homology with mitochondrial cytochrome c . | NA | {
"id": "C1256752",
"name": "c-type cytochromes",
"pos": [
44,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0010798",
"name": "cytochrome",
"pos": [
444,
454
]
} |
the roles of the membrane-bound and soluble c-type cytochromes in algal photosynthesis are discussed , and it is recommended that the name cytochrome f should be reserved for the membrane-bound cytochrome ( to emphasize its affinity with higher plant cytochrome f ) , while the soluble one should be named by its alpha-band ( c-552 , c-553 , etc . ) to make clear its distinctness from higher plant cytochrome f and homology with mitochondrial cytochrome c . | NA | {
"id": "C1256752",
"name": "c-type cytochromes",
"pos": [
44,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0010749",
"name": "cytochrome c",
"pos": [
444,
456
]
} |
in the presence of single-stranded template the protein stimulates mammalian dna polymerase alpha but not the mammalian dna polymerase beta and not some microbial dna polymerases . | NA | {
"id": "C0525039",
"name": "dna polymerase beta",
"pos": [
120,
139
]
} | {
"id": "C0012892",
"name": "dna polymerases",
"pos": [
163,
178
]
} |
the enzyme is detected during the purification by its ability to form a stable acid-precipitable enzyme-adenylate complex . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
4,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0026741",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
97,
103
]
} |
furthermore , the mutant strains dap 1 , devoid of adenine phosphoribosyltransferase activity , and pur 1 , devoid of guanine phosphoribosyltransferase activity have a lowered uptake rate of adenine and guanine respectively , along with an increased apparent km value for these purines in comparison to the wild-type 972h . | NA | {
"id": "C0001407",
"name": "adenine",
"pos": [
51,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0034140",
"name": "purines",
"pos": [
278,
285
]
} |
in advanced stages , the three most common inflammatory bowel diseases - colonic diverticulitis , crohn 's disease and ulcerative colitis - cause , in some 10 % of cases , secondary urological pathology involving either bladder or ureter . | NA | {
"id": "C0021390",
"name": "inflammatory bowel diseases",
"pos": [
43,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0010346",
"name": "crohn 's disease",
"pos": [
98,
114
]
} |
eighteen patients with atrial fibrillation were given digoxin 0.13 mg twice daily for 3 weeks and beta-methyldigoxin 0.10 mg twice daily for another 3 weeks . | NA | {
"id": "C0012265",
"name": "digoxin",
"pos": [
54,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0025132",
"name": "beta-methyldigoxin",
"pos": [
98,
116
]
} |
no difference in heart rate was obtained at rest , whereas the heart rate after 6 min of exercise was higher during treatment with digoxin ( 131 beats/min ) than when the patients were taking beta-methyldigoxin ( 124 beats/min ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0012265",
"name": "digoxin",
"pos": [
131,
138
]
} | {
"id": "C0025132",
"name": "beta-methyldigoxin",
"pos": [
192,
210
]
} |
there were no significant differences between digoxin and beta-methyldigoxin in their effects on the ecg ( r-r intervals , t-wave , q-t duration ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0012265",
"name": "digoxin",
"pos": [
46,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0025132",
"name": "beta-methyldigoxin",
"pos": [
58,
76
]
} |
comparable plasma concentration values ( 1.0 ng/ml for digoxin , 1.1 ng/ml for beta-methyldigoxin , mean values ) were obtained by radioimmunoassay , but the 86rb-technique gave significantly higher values ( mean 1.5 ng/ml ) for beta-methyldigoxin . | NA | {
"id": "C0012265",
"name": "digoxin",
"pos": [
55,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0025132",
"name": "beta-methyldigoxin",
"pos": [
229,
247
]
} |
it is concluded that beta-methyldigoxin is equal to digoxin for producing slowing of the heart rate in patients with atrial fibrillation . | NA | {
"id": "C0025132",
"name": "beta-methyldigoxin",
"pos": [
21,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0012265",
"name": "digoxin",
"pos": [
52,
59
]
} |
quantitative aspects of the binding of nuclear non-histone proteins to dna as determined by centrifugation in metrizamide gradients . | NA | {
"id": "C0028589",
"name": "nuclear",
"pos": [
39,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0019652",
"name": "histone",
"pos": [
51,
58
]
} |
imidazole binding to human carbonic anhydrase b and the mechanism of action of carbonic anhydrases . | NA | {
"id": "C0007033",
"name": "carbonic anhydrase b",
"pos": [
27,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0007028",
"name": "carbonic anhydrases",
"pos": [
79,
98
]
} |
mechanism of the in vitro inhibition of transcription by patulin , a mycotoxin from byssochlamys nivea . | NA | {
"id": "C0030710",
"name": "patulin",
"pos": [
57,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0026955",
"name": "mycotoxin",
"pos": [
69,
78
]
} |
results indicate that intestine synthesizes some , but not all , of the proteins associated with chylomicrons and other lipoproteins of intestinal lymph . | NA | {
"id": "C0008731",
"name": "chylomicrons",
"pos": [
97,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoproteins",
"pos": [
120,
132
]
} |
discordance of identical twins for 46 , xx pure gonadal dysgenesis suggests that environmental factors may be a causative factor in some of the karyotypically normal 46 , xx forms of gonadal dysgenesis . | NA | {
"id": "C0949595",
"name": "xx",
"pos": [
40,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0018051",
"name": "gonadal dysgenesis",
"pos": [
183,
201
]
} |
the effect of food on the absorption of simultaneously ingested ampicillin or pivampicillin was compared in a crossover study in eight healthy volunteers . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
64,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0032032",
"name": "pivampicillin",
"pos": [
78,
91
]
} |
the absorption of both ampicillin and pivampicillin was delayed by simultaneous food intake as judged by serum concentration and urinary excretion of ampicillin . | NA | {
"id": "C0032032",
"name": "pivampicillin",
"pos": [
38,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
150,
160
]
} |
the total absorption of ampicillin , but not that of pivampicillin was decreased by simultaneous food intake as indicated by the are under the serum ampicillin concentration-time curves and by 24 hours urinary excretion of ampicillin . | NA | {
"id": "C0032032",
"name": "pivampicillin",
"pos": [
53,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
223,
233
]
} |
the respective excretion of ampicillin following the ingestion of pivampicillin was about 60 % of the dose taken either with or without food . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
28,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0032032",
"name": "pivampicillin",
"pos": [
66,
79
]
} |
this estrogen binder has the characteristics which are usually attributed to steroid receptors and is clearly different from the testicular androgen-binding protein and the epididymal androgen receptor . | NA | {
"id": "C0034840",
"name": "steroid receptors",
"pos": [
77,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0034786",
"name": "androgen receptor",
"pos": [
184,
201
]
} |
in order to differentiate whether activation of nak-atpase in thyroid thermogenesis is due to increased numbers of active 'sodium pump ' units or due to a change in the kinetics of the enzyme , the effect of t3 on activation energy ( ea ) of nak-atpase was determined in rat liver , kidney and brain . | NA | {
"id": "C0001479",
"name": "sodium pump",
"pos": [
123,
134
]
} | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
246,
252
]
} |
cell surface antigens of totipotent mouse teratocarcinoma cells grown in vivo : their relation to embryo , adult , and tumor antigens . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
13,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0003335",
"name": "tumor antigens",
"pos": [
119,
133
]
} |
we have developed a satisfactory test for both diphtheria and tetanus toxoids which involves storing diluted toxoid at 20 degrees c and 34 degrees c for 6 weeks and performing a full toxicity test on the samples . | NA | {
"id": "C0305062",
"name": "tetanus toxoids",
"pos": [
62,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0040555",
"name": "toxoid",
"pos": [
109,
115
]
} |
the lal test for bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharides was explored as an alternative method for the detection of pyrogens in infusion fluids and medicinal preparations . | NA | {
"id": "C0014264",
"name": "bacterial",
"pos": [
17,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lipopolysaccharides",
"pos": [
37,
56
]
} |
described here is a patient who had an islet cell carcinoma containing both glucagon ( glucagonoma ) and insulin ( insulinoma ) . | NA | {
"id": "C1328479",
"name": "islet cell carcinoma",
"pos": [
39,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0017689",
"name": "glucagonoma",
"pos": [
87,
98
]
} |
agglutination of the patient 's serum also occurred with erythrocytes treated with other sulfonylureas ( chlorpropamide , glibenclamide , carbutamide ) but not with phenacetin . | NA | {
"id": "C0038766",
"name": "sulfonylureas",
"pos": [
89,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0017628",
"name": "glibenclamide",
"pos": [
122,
135
]
} |
agglutination of the patient 's serum also occurred with erythrocytes treated with other sulfonylureas ( chlorpropamide , glibenclamide , carbutamide ) but not with phenacetin . | NA | {
"id": "C0038766",
"name": "sulfonylureas",
"pos": [
89,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0007080",
"name": "carbutamide",
"pos": [
138,
149
]
} |
however , the origin of hyperinsulinism in obesity and the mechanism of insulin resistance still remain obscure . | NA | {
"id": "C0020459",
"name": "hyperinsulinism",
"pos": [
24,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0021655",
"name": "insulin resistance",
"pos": [
72,
90
]
} |
at concentrations higher than 10 mm , the cationic amino acid , arginine , inhibited the incorporation of neutral amino acids such as alanine , threonine , valine and leucine into insulin in the presence of glucose . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
51,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0301715",
"name": "neutral amino acids",
"pos": [
106,
125
]
} |
at concentrations higher than 10 mm , the cationic amino acid , arginine , inhibited the incorporation of neutral amino acids such as alanine , threonine , valine and leucine into insulin in the presence of glucose . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
51,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
134,
141
]
} |
this inhibitory effect of arginine was shared by another basic amino acid , histidine , but not by lysine . | NA | {
"id": "C0003765",
"name": "arginine",
"pos": [
26,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0301714",
"name": "basic amino acid",
"pos": [
57,
73
]
} |
this inhibitory effect of arginine was shared by another basic amino acid , histidine , but not by lysine . | NA | {
"id": "C0301714",
"name": "basic amino acid",
"pos": [
57,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0024337",
"name": "lysine",
"pos": [
99,
105
]
} |
the docosapeptide and the tritetracontapeptide corresponding to the entire amino acid sequence of porcine motilin and gastric inhibitory peptide were synthesized , and in addition , an unsulfated form of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin ( cck-pz ) was prepared to cast some light on the structure-activity relationships of these gastrointestinal hormones . | NA | {
"id": "C0017132",
"name": "gastric inhibitory peptide",
"pos": [
118,
144
]
} | {
"id": "C0017182",
"name": "gastrointestinal hormones",
"pos": [
325,
350
]
} |
the docosapeptide and the tritetracontapeptide corresponding to the entire amino acid sequence of porcine motilin and gastric inhibitory peptide were synthesized , and in addition , an unsulfated form of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin ( cck-pz ) was prepared to cast some light on the structure-activity relationships of these gastrointestinal hormones . | NA | {
"id": "C0008328",
"name": "cholecystokinin-pancreozymin",
"pos": [
204,
232
]
} | {
"id": "C0017182",
"name": "gastrointestinal hormones",
"pos": [
325,
350
]
} |
the ability of soil bacteria to produce amino acids ( alanine , aspartic acid , leucine , arginine , glutamic acid , and lysine ) was related to the ability to dissolve inorganic phosphate . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
40,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
54,
61
]
} |
these are demonstrated by a series of appropriate cases ( diaphragmatic processes , pulmonary sequestrations , pleural disease and the late effects of a pneumothorax ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0032226",
"name": "pleural disease",
"pos": [
111,
126
]
} | {
"id": "C0032326",
"name": "pneumothorax",
"pos": [
153,
165
]
} |
compared with sphingomyelin liposomes , the polar head groups of these lipids in the lipoprotein particles possess a considerably higher mobility , whereas the changes in t-1-times of the c-atoms in the centre of the fatty acid chains of the lipids refer to their interactions with the polypeptide side chains . | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
85,
96
]
} | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipids",
"pos": [
242,
248
]
} |
conversion of adp-ribose to 5'-amp by alkaline treatment and its use for an optical quantitation of mono and poly ( adp-ribose ) residues in the micromolar range . | NA | {
"id": "C0001461",
"name": "adp-ribose",
"pos": [
14,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0032403",
"name": "poly ( adp-ribose",
"pos": [
109,
126
]
} |
of the natural glycosaminoglycans tested , only heparin was a potent inhibitor of poly ( u ) -directed polyphenylalanine synthesis by rat liver ribosomes ( 50 % inhibition at 10 mug/ml ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0017973",
"name": "glycosaminoglycans",
"pos": [
15,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0019134",
"name": "heparin",
"pos": [
48,
55
]
} |
support for an inhibitory role of cyclic amp was derived from the marked suppression of cytotoxicity by dibutyryl cyclic amp . | NA | {
"id": "C0001455",
"name": "cyclic",
"pos": [
34,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0012054",
"name": "dibutyryl cyclic",
"pos": [
104,
120
]
} |
these data indicate that the phat may provide a rapid , reliable , objective and sensitive method for studying ea-d and possibly other virus-associated antigens . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "ea-d",
"pos": [
111,
115
]
} | {
"id": "C0003342",
"name": "virus",
"pos": [
135,
140
]
} |
in 123 individuals , 138 fractures of the mandibular condyle were classified with respect to fracture level , dislocation at the fracture level , and condylar head relation to the articular fossa . | NA | {
"id": "C0016658",
"name": "fracture",
"pos": [
25,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0332761",
"name": "dislocation",
"pos": [
110,
121
]
} |
solvent systems for column elution in isocratic , stepwise , or gradient modes were composed of chloroform , isopropanol , ethanol , or methanol and acetic acid in ratios that differed for each protected peptide depending on rf values on t.l.c . plates . | NA | {
"id": "C0022237",
"name": "isopropanol",
"pos": [
109,
120
]
} | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
137,
144
]
} |
solvent systems for column elution in isocratic , stepwise , or gradient modes were composed of chloroform , isopropanol , ethanol , or methanol and acetic acid in ratios that differed for each protected peptide depending on rf values on t.l.c . plates . | NA | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
123,
130
]
} | {
"id": "C0001963",
"name": "methanol",
"pos": [
136,
144
]
} |
one would expect gastric mucosal membranes during secretion to contain an anion-restricted electrogenic h+ pump , but they in fact contain an atpase stimulated by monovalent cations and are insensitive to ouabain . | NA | {
"id": "C0033727",
"name": "h",
"pos": [
104,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0007449",
"name": "monovalent cations",
"pos": [
163,
181
]
} |
xenon is an inert gas of high atomic number ( 54 ) , and is highly soluble in tissue , particularly in fat . | NA | {
"id": "C0043339",
"name": "xenon",
"pos": [
0,
5
]
} | {
"id": "C0017112",
"name": "inert gas",
"pos": [
12,
21
]
} |
computerized tomography ( ct ) scans of samples of the inert gases xenon and krypton inside a lucite phantom , show these gases to be potentially useful inhalation contrast media with ct scanning of the chest . | NA | {
"id": "C0017112",
"name": "inert gases",
"pos": [
55,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0043339",
"name": "xenon",
"pos": [
67,
72
]
} |
computerized tomography ( ct ) scans of samples of the inert gases xenon and krypton inside a lucite phantom , show these gases to be potentially useful inhalation contrast media with ct scanning of the chest . | NA | {
"id": "C0017112",
"name": "inert gases",
"pos": [
55,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0022792",
"name": "krypton",
"pos": [
77,
84
]
} |
six cases of syphilides- rarely seen cutaneous manifestations today -- are reported and the difficulties in finding the correct diagnosis are stressed . | NA | {
"id": "C0037285",
"name": "cutaneous manifestations",
"pos": [
37,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0037088",
"name": "finding",
"pos": [
108,
115
]
} |
sites of peroxide production are visualized by a brown reaction product formed in a peroxidase-catalysed reaction between diaminobenzidine and h2o2 . | NA | {
"id": "C0031180",
"name": "peroxide",
"pos": [
9,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0020281",
"name": "h2o2",
"pos": [
143,
147
]
} |
although the young pig synovium contains only a small proportion of macrophage-like ( a-type ) cells , in the cultures the cell population consisted of cells indistinguishable from macrophages , with a few small colonies of typical fibroblasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
95,
100
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
232,
243
]
} |
hemorrhagic shock predisposes to air embolism , whereas conditions with pulmonary edema ( fluid overloading , lung injury from ventilation with high inspiratory and low expiratory pressures , or oxygen toxicity ) decrease the probability of its occurrence . | NA | {
"id": "C0024115",
"name": "conditions",
"pos": [
56,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0273115",
"name": "lung injury",
"pos": [
110,
121
]
} |
since an intracellular acidosis could be brought on by the increased co2 content of the bathing medium and alter the km 's of rate-limiting glycolytic enzymes in the pathway of energy production for contractile function , we have investigated the effects of ra on the intracellular ph ( phi ) of tsm . | NA | {
"id": "C0001122",
"name": "acidosis",
"pos": [
23,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0001127",
"name": "ra",
"pos": [
271,
273
]
} |
trace analysis of zearalenone and/or zearalanol in animal chow by high pressure liquid chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography . | NA | {
"id": "C0043454",
"name": "zearalenone",
"pos": [
18,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0043465",
"name": "zearalanol",
"pos": [
37,
47
]
} |
an analytical method is described for determining residues of the estrogens zearalenone and/or zearalanol in animal chow at levels as low as 10 ppb . | NA | {
"id": "C0043454",
"name": "zearalenone",
"pos": [
76,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0043465",
"name": "zearalanol",
"pos": [
95,
105
]
} |
the metabolism of cytosine ( cyt ) , cytidine ( cyd ) , and deoxycytidine ( dcyd ) in b. subtilis appears to be different from that in enteric bacteria . | NA | {
"id": "C0010715",
"name": "cytidine",
"pos": [
37,
45
]
} | {
"id": "C0011485",
"name": "deoxycytidine",
"pos": [
60,
73
]
} |
the fraction of the total ribonucleic acid ( rna ) synthesis rate that is messenger rna ( mrna ) for ribosomal protein ( r-protein ) and ribosomal rna ( rrna ) has been estimated in vals ( ts ) rel+ stringent and vals ( ts ) rela1 relaxed strains of escherichia coli during a partial inhibition of valyl-transfer rna aminoacylation . | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "ribonucleic acid",
"pos": [
26,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0035696",
"name": "messenger rna",
"pos": [
74,
87
]
} |
the fraction of the total ribonucleic acid ( rna ) synthesis rate that is messenger rna ( mrna ) for ribosomal protein ( r-protein ) and ribosomal rna ( rrna ) has been estimated in vals ( ts ) rel+ stringent and vals ( ts ) rela1 relaxed strains of escherichia coli during a partial inhibition of valyl-transfer rna aminoacylation . | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "ribonucleic acid",
"pos": [
26,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "ribosomal rna",
"pos": [
137,
150
]
} |
the results clearly demonstrate that the rel gene influences the fraction of the total rna synthesis rate that is r protein mrna and rrna ; | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
87,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0035696",
"name": "mrna",
"pos": [
124,
128
]
} |
the results clearly demonstrate that the rel gene influences the fraction of the total rna synthesis rate that is r protein mrna and rrna ; | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
87,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "rrna",
"pos": [
133,
137
]
} |
usint this method , the transcription time of the 16s , 23s , and 5s ribosomal rna genes was estimated to be 7.6 min , which corresponds to a ribosomal rna chain growth rate of 10 nucleotides per s . | NA | {
"id": "C0035707",
"name": "5s ribosomal rna",
"pos": [
66,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "ribosomal rna",
"pos": [
142,
155
]
} |
membrane vesicles of escherichia coli prepared by osmotic lysis of lysozyme ethylenediaminetetracetate ( edta ) spheroplasts have approximately 60 % of the total membrane-bound reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ( nadh ) dehydrogenase ( ed 1.6.99.3 ) and mg2+-adenosine triphosphatase ( atpase ) ( ec 3.6.1.3 ) activities exposed on the outer surface of the inner membrane . | NA | {
"id": "C0001477",
"name": "mg2",
"pos": [
262,
265
]
} | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
294,
300
]
} |
sequence analyses of larger oligosaccharides were performed by combined gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of di- and trisaccharides obtained after partial acid hydrolysis of the parent compound . | NA | {
"id": "C0028959",
"name": "oligosaccharides",
"pos": [
28,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0041102",
"name": "trisaccharides",
"pos": [
127,
141
]
} |
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