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Osiyo means "Hello!". It also means “It’s good to see you.” When you tour our Nation, you will sense this genuine welcome in everyone you meet as you discover a culture like no other.
From the emotional depths of the Trail of Tears to the wonders of Sequoyah’s unique syllabary, the Cherokee Nation has flourished through its ability to face adversity, survive, adapt, prosper and excel. This marks the Cherokee as a people who have constantly reshaped and renewed themselves in order to survive and to attain the highest possible levels of achievement.
It is with great pride that we invite you to visit our Nation. Come walk along the pathways of our ancestors, taking part in our thriving culture and celebrating our enduring spirit through a variety of cultural tours and experiences. | <urn:uuid:97c9870d-01da-42fa-b9c2-d33a20c4c87f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.cherokee.org/AboutTheNation/Visiting/CulturalTourism.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00275-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9447 | 166 | 1.765625 | 2 |
World Day Against Child Labour
- The International Labour Organization (ILO) launched the World Day Against Child Labour in 2002 to focus attention on the global extent of child labour and the action and efforts needed to eliminate it.
- Target 8.7 of the Sustainable Development Goals calls on the global community to: “Take immediate and effective measures to eradicate forced labour, end modern slavery and human trafficking and secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour, including recruitment and use of child soldiers, and by 2025 end child labour in all its forms.”
- Theme this year: “Generation Safe & Healthy”.
Fast Patrol Vessel Project
- The last of the five Fast Patrol Vessel (FPV) project of Indian Coast Guard ‘Rani Rashmoni’ was commissioned into the Indian Coast Guard.
- The FPVs are equipped with advanced sensors and state-of-the-art equipment and are designed to perform multifarious tasks such as surveillance, interdiction, search and rescue, anti-smuggling and anti-poaching, operations.
- So far four such ships such as-
(a) ICGS Rani Abbakka,
(b) ICGS Rani Avanti Bai,
(c) ICGS Rani Durgavati and
(d) ICGS Rani Gaidinliu
- Cabinet approves MoU between India and Viet Nam on Joint issue of postage stamp. Joint Issue depicts Sanchi Stupa of India and Pho Minh Pagoda of Viet Nam.
- When was it built: Commissioned in 3rd century BCE, Expansion/ additions/restoration works/ made in different periods
- Who built it: Commissioned by Emperor Ashoka of the Maurya Dynasty
- Where is it located: Located 46 km north-east of Bhopal, the capital city of Madhya Pradesh, India
- Architectural Style: Buddhist Art and Architecture
Why Stupa built
- At the Sanchi, there was the foundation of Buddhist Vihara, and one of the greatest Indian Emperors, Ashoka of the Maurya Dynasty included in the foundation of great Sanchi Stupa.
- The Indian emperor Ashoka reigned over almost the entire Indian subcontinent from c.268 to 232 BCE.
- The Ashoka was the religious person of the Buddhist, and he commissioned the construction of Stupa after redistributing the mortal remains of Lord Buddha. He also commissioned many of the stupas in different places of the India.
- In the relics of the Lord Buddha, he had presented the hemispherical edifice in double in diameter of the original brick structure, which looks great in Stupas.
- At the wooden railing, the hemispherical brick structure is used to surrounded and the Chhatra that is an Umbrella like structure, which made by the stone.
- The great stupas constructed under the supervision of wife of Ashoka and daughter of a merchant of Vidisha, who was born in Sanchi.
Speciality of Great Stupa
- The Great Sanchi Stupa is one of the most important Buddhist monuments, which reflects gem of Buddhist and architecture.
- The most famous speciality of stupas is that it located at the best place of Sanchi town and Madhya Pradesh is the most fabulous tourist area.
- It made by the oldest stone structure in India, and the best the thing is that it constructed during the period of Mauryan Empire.
- In the Sanchi Stupa, the Lord Buddha is placed, which can see in the Stupas several chambers.
- It is a most attractive place for the tourist, and hundreds of the visitors are visited here from across of the world.
- It enlisted as UNESCO world heritage site since 1989. It is the best conserved ancient Stupas of Central India, which counted in many old places.
Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP)
- The Union Environment Ministry had notified a ‘Graded Response Action Plan’ against air pollution for Delhi and the National Capital Region.
- The plan was prepared by the Supreme Court-mandated Environment Pollution Control Authority (EPCA).
- The job of ensuring implementation of the action plan will be EPCA’s under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986, which will delegate the responsibility to the concerned departments.
- The graded response action plan has proposed stratified levels of action according to the air pollution levels classified by air quality index, which range from moderate to poor to very poor to severe to severe+ or emergency.
- The graded action plan implements if PM2.5 levels stay over 300 micrograms per cubic metre and PM10 levels stay above 500 micrograms per cubic metre.
- The Delhi specific comprehensive action plan was prepared by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB).
- Nalanda stands out as the most ancient university of the Indian Subcontinent. It engaged in the organized transmission of knowledge over an uninterrupted period of 800 years.
- The historical development of the site testifies to the development of Buddhism into a religion and the flourishing of monastic and educational traditions.
- It was a major Mahavihara or a large Buddhist monastery that also doubled up as an important centre of learning from the 5th to 1200 AD in the erstwhile kingdom of Magadh.
- The construction of Nalanda university began in 5th century AD and flourished under the Gupta rulers. It came to an end in the 12th century when it was destroyed in 1193 AD by the invading Turkish army led by its commander Bakhtiar Khilji.
- UNESCO has declared Bihar’s much awaited ancient site – the ruins of Nalanda Mahavihara – a World Heritage Site.
- The La Cumbre volcano, located on Fernandina Island in the Galapagos archipelago off the coast of South America, has exploded recently.
- The eruption occurred on the north-eastern sector of the volcano.
- Ongoing seismic and volcanic activity reflects the processes that formed the islands.
- They lie 1,000 km from the coast of Ecuador in the Pacific Ocean.
- According to UNESCO, “This archipelago and its immense marine reserve is known as the unique ‘living museum and showcase of evolution’.
- The 19 Galapagos Islands, a UNESCO heritage site, with their unique wildlife, inspired Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution following his 1835 visit.
- Its geographical location at the confluence of three ocean currents makes it one of the richest marine ecosystems in the world.
International Classification of Diseases (ICD)
- The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is the international “standard diagnostic tool for epidemiology, health management and clinical purposes.
- The ICD is published by the WHO.
- It forms a basis for the WHO and other experts to see and respond to trends in health.
- This latest version – known as ICD-11 – is completely electronic for the first time, in an effort to make it more accessible to doctors and other health workers around the world.
2018-2028 International Decade for Action, ‘Water for Sustainable Development’
- Sustainable development and integrated water resources management to implement SDG 6 through a lens of conflict prevention.
SDG (Sustainable Development Goals) 6- Clean Water and Sanitation.
- The United Nations General Assembly has proclaimed the decade 2018-2028 as the International Decade for Action ‘Water for Sustainable Development’.
- It began on World Water Day 22 March 2018 and will end on World Water Day, 22 March 2028.
- Pinaka is a multiple rocket launcher produced in India and developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) for the Indian Army.
- The system has a maximum range of-
(a) 40 km for Mark-I
(b) 70 – 80 km for Mark-II
- It can fire a salvo of 12 rockets in just 44 seconds.
- The system is mounted on a Tatra truck for mobility.
- Pinaka saw service during the Kargil War, where it was successful in neutralising enemy positions on the mountain tops.
- Warli is a tribal art form that was mostly created by the Adivasis of the Western Ghats.
- It is one of the oldest art forms in India.
- It originated in Maharashtra and is still practised.
- Warli painting is registered with a geographical indication under the Intellectual Property Rights Act.
- Most of these paintings use a set of geometric shapes – circle, triangle and square.
- The circle represents the sun and the moon, while the triangle represents the mountains and pointed trees.
- The square, on the other hand, is a human invention, indicating a sacred piece of land or enclosure.
- In a ritualistic Warli painting, the central motif would be the square with a depiction of ‘Palaghata’, the mother goddess symbolising fertility.
- This central motif would be surrounded by scenes of hunting, farming, fishing, trees and animals.
- Festivals and dances are also common scenes found in a ritual painting.
- Apart from ritual paintings, Warli paintings also cover day-to-day activities of the village people.
- Most Warli paintings also depict the tarpa dance.
- Tarpa is a trumpet-like instrument played by the village men.
Mt. Deo tibba
- It is the second highest peak (6001M) in the Pir-Panjal range in Himachal Pradesh. | <urn:uuid:13b42c5f-f8fb-419a-bef8-d2bf0b561dcc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.iasabhiyan.com/facts-corner-part-96/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00478.warc.gz | en | 0.929894 | 2,048 | 3.09375 | 3 |
Living in Hawaii, I found it interesting that a new dwarf planet was found in our solar system and named after the Hawaiian Earth Mother Goddess, Haumea. With so many new objects being 'discovered' or 'disclosed' (Comet ELEnin, Haumea, etc) it's hard to keep track of them all, but this one stood out because of the name. Enjoy this small article about our solar system's most recently discovered dwarf planet, Haumea.
Radioactivity and gravity may be why the strange football-shaped dwarf planet known as Haumea and its moons are unexpectedly sheathed in crystalline ice, shining in space, researchers suggest.
Haumea, named after the Hawaiian goddess of childbirth, orbits the sun beyond the path of Neptune, with two moons in orbit around it named Hi'iaka and Namaka, two of the deity's daughters.
Haumea is a bizarre dwarf planet world shaped like a cigar, or perhaps an American football, measuring about 1,200 miles (2,000 kilometers) long, and makes one full rotation in less than four hours. This is one of the fastest rotation speeds in the solar system, which gave Haumea its odd shape.
Now, surprisingly, an international research team has discovered that 75 percent of Haumea's surface is covered with crystalline water ice.
"Crystalline ice is what we all have in our fridges — the molecules of water are aligned in lattices," researcher Benoit Carry, an astronomer at the European Space Astronomy Centre in Madrid, told SPACE.com.
Moreover, observations from the Very Large Telescope (VLT) at the European Southern Observatory in Chile reveal that 100 percent of Haumea's 250-mile (400-km) moon Hi'iaka is covered with crystalline ice. The same might hold true of Haumea's other moon, the 125-mile (200-km) Namaka, although the scientists did not get a good enough look at it to confirm this.
Instead of crystalline ice, researchers had expected Haumea to be covered in amorphous ice, where the molecules of water are disorganized. Although the dwarf planet receives about 2,000 times less sunlight than Earth, the assumption was that there was still enough ultraviolet radiation in this light to destroy any crystalline ice structures on Haumea over the course of millions of years.
"Since solar radiation constantly destroys the crystalline structure of ice on the surface, energy sources are required to keep it organized," Carry said. [Top 10 Strangest Things in Space]
This energy likely comes from radioactive elements inside Haumea, such as potassium-40, thorium-232 and uranium-238, as well as a roughly equal amount of heat generated by the gravitational tidal forces Haumea and its satellites exert on each other, the researchers find.
These findings shed light on the forces that shape the mysterious Kuiper Belt objects beyond the orbit of Neptune.
"We only know about 2,000 of these objects," Carry said. "Our findings provide an explanation to the presence of crystalline water ice — this provides more information on the evolution processes."
A mysterious dark, reddish spot on Haumea's surface, which contrasts with the whitish color of the rest of the dwarf planet, could in fact "be a richer source of crystalline water-ice than the rest of the surface," said astronomer Pedro Lacerda at Queen's University in Belfast, who did not take part in this study. He did note this discoloration could be due to some kind of irradiated mineral or organic matter instead.
The scientists detailed their findings in the April issue of the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics.
More on the Hawaiian Goddess Haumea: http://www.powersthatbe.com/goddess/haumea.html
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| | Teen with questions about dad's hep c
Teen with questions about dad's hep c
[ Back to Messages
Posted by Ben
on August 09, 2000 at 12:14:54:
My dad is having a biopsy next week, and I am a bit concerned. He has had hep c for 22 years, and he just got some bloodwork back that the docter docter deemed concerning enough to send him to a specialist. Is the need for a biopsy cause for immediate concern? I guess I just have this vision of him become deathly ill. From what I've read this is not the way hep c works, but any words of wisdom or encouragement would be appreciated.
The other question is about the spreading of this virus. I understand that it is not that common for it to spread among family members. I have read that one of the risk factors is sharing razors, what about electric shavers? maybe I am just being paranoid, but that has been concerning me. On a related note, how long does the virus remain "living" outside the body. Can the virus only infect someone for a few days or a few weeks or what?
Thank you very much,
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Do not copy or redistribute in any form! | <urn:uuid:f6ba2572-f1ed-4e82-b268-c3375b800019> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.healthboards.com/hepatitis/1087.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00200-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969582 | 320 | 1.625 | 2 |
First! i hope many to come.
well, the title says it all, i needed to cut some pipe threads for my new bed (yet another pipe bed) and i didn't wan't to invest money in a new vise with a pipe holding jaw, mainly because i alredy have a pretty heavy vise which suits most of my needs.
so, i proceded to find a way. tried pieces of cloth on the vise to have a better grip, then tried adding shellac to the cloth to make it 'stickier', then i made rubber jaws for my vise. none worked. finally i devised a simple method with tools most people alredy have lying around, and if they don't they really should make/buy (i often make even though it costs more, because it's fun!)
you'll need a heavy vise ideally, you could do around that using a fulcrum of some sort but if the pipe keeps sliping that will bother you to death, cutting threads is alredy hard enough.
the second tool is a pipe wrench. yes! a pipe wrench! turns out an instrument
used to apply huge ammounts of torque is also the ideal instrument to resist applied torque. and really, the hard part of cutting pipe threads is the torque which causes the pipe to slip in the vise.
third tool is the threading die. this one is pretty straightforward, you need a die to cut the threads unless you want to file them (not since maudslay we don't!). you need to buy/make/rent a die and a threading kit (the turning thingy). mine is 1/2".
fourth tool is cutting oil. i use lard. that may sound retrograde but it actually has great adhering and lubricating properties. in fact, some machining oils still use lard in the mix even today. i advocate it's use because
1º it's enviromentaly friendly, lard is a byproduct and it is completely biodegradable and relatively non-toxic, unlike many cutting oils
2º it's cheap. the small cup you'll see me using in this instructable was made by myself and it cost me almost nothing
3º acessible to the hobbyist and still provides great, just as good, results as anything else. | <urn:uuid:6c5e9831-1c40-4fbe-ac6b-47d0bdcc8702> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://credit-help.biz/forex/47961 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00044-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966436 | 489 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Latest update: November 30th, 2012
Today there is almost no room for moderates among the Palestinians.
Any Palestinian who dares to talk about compromise and peace with Israel, or even meet with Israelis, is immediately denounced as a “traitor” and “defeatist.”
Take, for example, the most recent case of Munib al-Masri, a wealthy Palestinian businessman from Nablus (Shchem), the largest city in the West Bank [Judea and Samaria -Ed.].
Known as the “Palestinian Rothschild,” al-Masri has drawn strong condemnations from many Palestinians for hosting Israeli businessman Rami Levy at his home.
Even Palestinian journalists have joined the campaign against al-Masri. Some 70 journalists signed a petition calling on the Palestinian media to stop calling calling al-Masri’s palace by its name, “The House of Palestine.”
Inspired by Andrea Palladio, the most influential individual in the history of Western architecture, The “House of Palestine” is the most expensive palace in the West Bank.
It was in this palace that al-Masri met with Levy and Palestinian, Arab, Islamic, U.N. and E.U. representatives to find ways to “break the stalemate” in the Middle East peace process.
The main purpose of the gathering was to “create an Arab-Islamic-Jewish alliance to impact decision-makers by launching an initiative to break the stalemate,” according to a statement issued by al-Masri.
Palestinians representing various political groups have since condemned al-Masri for promoting “normalization” with Israel by inviting an Israeli businessman to the meeting in his palace.
The widespread condemnations forced al-Masri to issue a “clarification” in which he reassured Palestinians that he was “totally opposed to any economic relations with Israeli businessmen as long as Israel continued to occupy the 1967 territories.”
The “clarification” is yet another sign of how moderate Palestinians succumb to threats and calls for boycott.
A few days later, Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas underwent the same experience.
In an interview with Israel’s Channel 2 TV station, Abbas stated that he did not want to return to his birthplace of Safed [in northern Israel], triggering an unprecedented wave of denunciations from many Palestinians who accused him of relinquishing the Palestinian refugees’ “right of return” to their former villages inside Israel.
Like al-Masri, Abbas later reassured Palestinians that he remained “committed to the right of return” and that he would never compromise on the rights of the refugees.
Obviously, the Palestinians have been radicalized to a point where they are not ready to hear about any concessions to Israel or tolerate the presence of an Israeli businessman in a Palestinian city. This radicalization is the direct result of decades of anti-Israel incitement and indoctrination in the Palestinian territories — a campaign that has been spearheaded, ironically, by the “moderate” Palestinian Authority leadership that is publicly talking about making peace with Israel.
Originally published at the Gatestone Institute.Khaled Abu Toameh
About the Author: Khaled Abu Toameh, an Arab Muslim, is a veteran award-winning journalist who has been covering Palestinian affairs for nearly three decades.
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If you promote any foreign religions, gods or messiahs, lies about Israel, anti-Semitism, or advocate violence (except against terrorists), your permission to comment may be revoked. | <urn:uuid:d2a64fe5-d57c-4a6e-bca4-198b6dbb219e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.jewishpress.com/indepth/opinions/no-room-for-moderate-palestinians/2012/11/18/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00427-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957153 | 798 | 1.929688 | 2 |
County (United States)
A county, in the United States, is a form of government that is right below the state. 48 out of the 50 states in the United States uses counties. Louisiana calls its counties parishes while Alaska got rid of counties and only uses boroughs. Both of these are equal to the county. The list that the U.S. Census Bureau keeps that lists all of the counties in the United States says that there are 3,481 counties or other kinds of divisions that are equal to the county in the United States.[source?]
The midwestern and northeastern states in the United States divides the county further into townships or towns, some of which house municipalities. The place where the government and courts for the town is called the county seat.
On average, a county in the United States has a population of around 100,000 people.[source?] The county that has the most people living in it is Los Angeles County, California. Around 9.8 million people live there.[source?] The county that has the fewest people living in it is Loving County, Texas, with only 67 people living in the entire county.
These pages list all of the counties in each state:
Notes[change | change source]
- "An Overview of County Government". National Association of Counties. http://www.naco.org/Content/NavigationMenu/About_Counties/County_Government/A_Brief_Overview_of_County_Government.htm. Retrieved 2007-08-17.
- "How Many Counties are in Your State?". Click and Learn. http://www.clickandlearn.com/documents2/Counties.htm. Retrieved 2007-04-24. | <urn:uuid:79de2fb6-c2bf-48a7-8b2d-b58ca2886064> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/County_(United_States) | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719566.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00262-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917191 | 359 | 3.34375 | 3 |
Series: (Series N2009- 3, Koreshan Unity; Papers, ca. 1887-1990.)
Page 1 of 3
Stewart Bosenquet, always eager to teach and encouraged by Berthaldine, began his history class again. The previous year he had one and it proved quite interesting to those who cared to attend. Stewart had travelled extensively and was familiar with a great deal of past history. His accounts of his travels in various countrys [sic] also gave an added interest to his classes. He began his class a little after I got to Estero, the subject under consideration being the history of Egypt. There were about 15 in our class, mostly young people including Richard, Bertie and Imogene. One night each week was devoted to our class and we made notes as we went through from one dynasty to another until we covered the entire subject. This consumed several months, and it was well on into the following year (1907) that the time came for each of us to write a composition on the [?] Egypt from the information we had gained during the previous months. Each prepared his manuscript, and a time appointed when the winning one would be read at an entertainment. A program of music was also prepared, and members of the Unity were invited to come and hear the prize essay read. A committee was appointed to select the prize essay, but whose it was not supposed [?] to reveal until after the reading. The band was stationed on the flat floor and after the introductory selection, Etta Silverfriend advanced and began the reading of the essay deemed the best. What was my surprise when I quickly recognized that it was mine she was reading. I had no idea I would be the successful one, and after the reading completed, Victoria called me to the front and presented me with a large boquet [sic], likewise Bertie Boomer, whose composition was considered second best. Other members completed the entertainment. | <urn:uuid:dc7dec6c-b30b-4f86-9df5-4a0abc641a93> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.floridamemory.com/exhibits/koreshan/documents.php?doc=2-9-historyclass&page=1&sec=2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00090-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.992547 | 394 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Travel by train: Charing Cross. Nearest tube: Piccadilly Circus
THE APOLLO THEATRE, LONDON
The Apollo Theatre: History and Information
The West End's Apollo Theatre is a Grade II listed theatre, on Shaftesbury Avenue in the City of Westminster, London. Designed by architect Lewin Sharp for owner Henry Lowenfield, it was the fourth legitimate theatre to be constructed on the street. The Apollo's doors opened on 21 February 1901 with the American musical comedy The Belle of Bohemia. The production was followed by John Martin-Harvey's season, including A Cigarette Maker's Romance and The Only Way, an adaptation of Charles Dickens' A Tale of Two Cities.
The Apollo Theatre was the first in London to be built in the Edwardian period, it was renovated by Schaufelberg in 1932, and a private foyer and ante room were installed to the Royal Box. The sculpted work on the stone fascia is by T. Simpson, the building is of plain brick to the neighbouring streets. The Apollo Theater has a first floor central loggia, inside there is a three galleried auditorium with elaborate plasterwork.The theatre seats 796, and the balcony on the 3rd tier is considered the steepest in London.
The Stoll Moss Group purchased the Apollo Theatre in 1975 and sold it to Andrew Lloyd-Webber's Really Useful Group and Bridgepoint Capital in 2000. Nica Burns and Max Weitzenhoffer purchased the theatre and several others in 2005, creating Nimax Theatres, which still owns the venue.
Apollo Theatre: Production history
The West End's Apollo Theatre has a rich and varied production history. George Edwards produced a series of successful Edwardian musical comedies, including Kitty Grey (1901), Three Little Maids and The Girl from Kays (1902). An English version of André Messager's light opera Véronique became a hit in 1904, starring with Ruth Vincent, who also starred in Edward German's Tom Jones in 1907. Between 1908 and 1912, the theatre hosted H. G. Pelissier's The Follies. After this, the theatre hosted a variety of works, including seasons of plays by Charles Hawtrey in 1913, 1914 and 1924, and Harold Brighouse's Hobson's Choice in 1916. Gilbert Dayle's What Would a Gentleman Do? played in 1918.
George Grossmith, Jr. and Edward Laurillard managed The Apollo Theatre from 1920 to 1923, presenting a series of plays and revivals, including Such a Nice Young Man by H.F. Maltby (1920) and the stage version of George Du Maurier's novel Trilby (1922). They had produced The Only Girl here in 1916 and Tilly of Bloomsbury in 1919. The Fake was produced in 1924, starring Godfrey Tearle. 1927 saw Abie's Irish Rose and Whispering Wires, with Henry Daniel. The next year, Laurence Olivier starred in R. C. Sherriff's Journey's End. Sean O'Casey's The Silver Tassie and Ivor Novello's A Symphony in Two Flats both played in 1929. Diana Wynyard starred as Charlotte Brontë in Clemence Dane's Wild Decembers in 1932, and Raymond Massey starred in Robert Sherwood's Pulitzer Prize-winning Idiot's Delight in 1938. Patrick Hamilton's play Gaslight held the stage in 1939, and Terence Rattigan's Flare Path played in 1942.
The Apollo Theatre was transferred to Prince Littler in 1944. John Clements and Kay Hammond starred in Noël Coward's Private Lives, and Margaret Rutherford starred in The Happiest Days of Your Life in 1948, followed by Sybil Thorndike and Lewis Casson in Treasure Hunt, directed by John Gielgud in 1949. After this, Seagulls Over Sorrento ran for over three years beginning in 1950. The Apollo's longest run was the comedy Boeing Boeing, starring Patrick Cargill and David Tomlinson, which opened in 1962 and transferred to the Duchess Theatre in 1965. In 1968, Gielgud starred in Alan Bennett's Forty Years On and in 1969, he returned in David Storey's Home, with Ralph Richardson. He returned to the Apollo Theatre London in 1988, at the age of 83, for the production Best of Friends by Hugh Whitemore.
A number of hit comedies transferred to or from The Apollo in the 1970s and 1980s, and other important plays at the theatre during this period included Rattigan's Separate Tables, with John Mills in 1976, Orphans in 1986 with Albert Finney, I'm Not Rappaport the same year, with Paul Scofield, and Dorothy Tutin, Eileen Atkins and Siân Phillips in Thursday's Ladies in 1987. Driving Miss Daisy played in 1988, starring Wendy Hiller, and 1989 saw Zoe Wanamaker in Mrs Klein, Vanessa Redgrave in A Mad house in Goa, and Peter O'Toole in Jeffrey Bernard Is Unwell. Penelope Wilton starred in Rattigan's The Deep Blue Sea in 1993, and In Praise of Love played in 1995, with Peter Bowles. Mark Little starred in the Laurence Olivier Award-winning one-man show, Defending the Caveman in 1999.
Magic Goes Wrong, Vaudeville Theatre, London - 8th March 2020
It takes a lot to perform magic but to include errors that turn the show into an hilarious farce is something special.
Posted by Richard on 09/03/2020
Gigantic are a primary ticket agent and full members of STAR (Secure Tickets from Authorised Retailers)
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© 2022 Gigantic Tickets Limited. All rights reserved. | <urn:uuid:118e435e-ae1a-4d42-907e-a94a770f6228> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.gigantic.com/magic-goes-wrong-tickets | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571982.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813172349-20220813202349-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.943228 | 1,637 | 1.875 | 2 |
Create a 1 page essay paper that discusses The Autobahn.
The design of the autobahn is very lavish in style with at least four lanes per direction. With reference to the said source, there are some heavy travel with almost 50 000 cars per day one average per segment.
This autobahn erected in Berlin is one of a kind. In addition to that a vast amount of service areas are lined up along the stretch for a driver’s any need. D
espite the current speed issues, the accident, injury and death rates on the Autobahn are remarkably low and the Autobahn carries about a third of all Germanys traffic, but injury accidents on the Autobahn account for only 6% of such accidents nationwide and less than 12% of all traffic fatalities were the result of Autobahn | <urn:uuid:3696a2a9-8d7f-4003-b300-a5e8cfe9eb49> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://assignmnetanswers.com/assignment-help-3018/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573163.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818033705-20220818063705-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.950613 | 164 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Critical Examination of a Crystal Geyser Economic Study
To gain further understanding of the real costs of a bottling plant in our community, W.A.T.E.R. commissioned Noah Enelow, Ph.D, senior economist, Ecotrust, Portland, Oregon to provide a an analysis of the economic effects of the Crystal Geyser plant. You can see the report HERE
Over a year ago, in March, 2016, an Arizona consulting firm, Applied Economics released a report titled Economic Impacts of Crystal Geyser on Siskiyou County, California, (AE Study). Shortly thereafter, March 30, 2016, the CEO of Crystal Geyser Water Company (CGWC), Yasu Iwamoto, in a guest opinion column, sited this study as an independent economic analysis. These reports are expensive and someone with a vested interest in the plant had to pay for the report. Why not say who? And on May 4, 2016, a corporate public relations advertisement was placed in the paper using the report to taut much-exaggerated potential economic gains.
The AE Study uses inaccurate and inflated assumptions including those concerning wages. Why not use actual figures, which are much lower? Will the jobs be full time with benefits or will CG be hiring part time employees or use a staffing service through an employment agency? Will there be an additional 1.4 jobs for every CGWC job created as their advertising claims?
The report provided no example of where a water bottling plant has helped a community economically. Again, why use ambiguous and questionable assumptions as to the effects CG will have on our county when it could use actual examples of the CG Roxane plant in Weed and CG plant in Olancha Point, CA? Probably because there is no benefit to a corporation extracting water for free and not being responsible for its costly negative impacts on the community and environment - which can include waste water treatment, damaged roads, heavy truck traffic, visual blight, and air, water, and noise pollution. Small businesses, property values, and tourism can be damaged by all of these factors as well as causing a decline in quality of life and health. (128)
Just as the community has strongly questioned the draft EIR with more than 150 submitted comments, the We Advocate Thorough Environmental Review (WATER) group and many other residents of Siskiyou County question many of the assumptions and claims made by the AE Study.
To gain further understanding, WATER commissioned Noah Enelow, Ph.D, senior economist, Ecotrust, Portland, Oregon to provide a critical examination of the AE study. He commented on many aspects of the report and concluded that “Crystal Geyser's promises of jobs and economic revitalization cannot be taken at face value. Its leading economic study is riddled with errors, omissions, and questionable assumptions; and it has failed to take account of the economic costs of the project's environmental impacts...the benefits claimed by the AE study are almost certainly overstated; and the costs to private and public property, health, and the natural environment are ignored.”
Noah Enelow states the AE Study “is not a good guide to decision-making around the proposed plant.” W.A.T.E.R. secured this critique and in addition has demanded a full EIR so that our public officials will make an informed decision that will protect their constituents, our community, and our environment. As elected officials, that is their responsibility. Once an international corporation establishes itself in a community, local control of its practices is lost. | <urn:uuid:57911853-4a02-429f-949b-b12f235d742d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.cawater.net/Blog/Entries/2017/7/critical-examination-of-a-crystal-geyser-economic-study.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00276.warc.gz | en | 0.955279 | 739 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Ready for a little relief? Sunday marks the Tax Foundation’s “Tax Freedom Day” in Texas — the day when we stop working for the government and start working for ourselves. That’s a little better than last year, when Tax Freedom Day fell on April 18 in Texas.
It’s an abstraction, of course, but it’s a useful abstraction. So many of our taxes are taken from us in inconspicuous ways that it’s good to have a visual to show just how much of our income we’re actually paying.
“Arguments can be made for why the collective tax bill is too high or too low, but in order to have an honest discussion, it’s important to understand where we stand,” said Tax Foundation Economist Kyle Pomerleau. “Tax Freedom Day gives us a vivid representation of how much we pay for the goods and services provided by governments at all levels.”
The national Tax Freedom Day is April 18 this year (that’s Good Friday), so we’re a little better off in Texas. Folks in Connecticut have to work until May 9 in order to pay off what they owe to the government.
The states with the earliest Tax Freedom Days are Louisiana (March 30), Mississippi (April 2) and South Dakota (April 4).
“Tax Freedom Day has not always been this late in the year,” the Foundation notes. “World War I tax increases led to a jump in Tax Freedom Day from 1917’s Jan. 24 to 1918’s Feb. 8 to 1921’s Feb. 22. In the 1920s, when Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes described taxes as the price of civilized society, Tax Freedom Day was arriving in February.”
The latest it’s ever arrived nationally is May 1, 2000 — which signifies that Americans paid 33 percent of their total income in taxes.
That’s the year that George W. Bush was elected on the promise of tax relief. He delivered, and by 2003, Tax Freedom Day had been pushed back to April 14.
“A century earlier, in 1900, Americans paid only 5.9 percent of their income in taxes, meaning Tax Freedom Day came on January 22,” the Foundation added.
We’re not just talking about federal taxes.
“Americans will pay $3 trillion in federal taxes and $1.5 trillion in state and local taxes, for a total bill of more than $4.5 trillion, or 30.2 percent of the nation’s income,” the Foundation says.
Critics of Tax Freedom Day say the focus shouldn’t be just on how much we pay, it also should be on what we receive — the services and infrastructure that benefit us all.
And that’s true.
We certainly agree with Justice Holmes about the necessity of taxes to fund important government functions.
But taxes are still a burden, however justifiable. It’s not the government spending we object to; it’s the dumb government spending. It’s the waste and fraud that force us to work longer for the government and less for ourselves.
Knowing the scope of how much we pay is a good starting point.
Tax Freedom Day should serve as a reminder that all those political promises come with a price tag. | <urn:uuid:05180774-fff4-4726-9a70-c749e52ba136> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.tylerpaper.com/TP-Editorials/198050/tax-freedom-day-a-useful-metaphor | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00271-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945985 | 704 | 2.390625 | 2 |
The average consumer will invest in only one property at a time: A home to live in. Real estate investments like this are based on a variety of factors such as location, affordability, home appeal and other factors.
LaeRoc looks to real estate located on the West coast, and properties that are commercial, retail and office buildings as well as other asset classes.
Due diligence can include a review of historic operating history, lease reviews, rental rate analysis, market conditions and more including the condition of the property’s roof and working systems etc. LaeRoc also reviews the parking needs and opportunities facing each asset as well as the mass transit options adjacent to it.
For LaeRoc, real estate is in large part about business, and emotion often has a very small role to play. People who are buying their own home obviously cannot discount their own emotions. However, by paying attention to the financial side of the equation and doing their homework, they may be able to make better decisions. | <urn:uuid:77934ec8-3f06-494b-83fe-313d310536f7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://laerocinvestments.wordpress.com/2012/11/10/laeroc-explains-real-estate-investments/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00547-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.985583 | 205 | 1.625 | 2 |
A code change that I spotted today talks about adding a few more variants of Chrome’s dark mode to test. I am not quite sure if the plan is to give users more options, or if the team is testing a few options before picking the right type of dark mode for the browser.
Here is what the code change request has:
Add simple RGB-based inversion option for dark mode.This was requested in the bug, but it didn’t make it into the previous CL.
The bug associated with this change is publically available and that’s where we get more details about this project.
Currently, the experiment flag toggling Dark Mode on Android has exactly two states: enabled and disabled. The flag should be modified to accommodate several variations of the feature.
Please look into how easy or difficult it would be to Change the “Android Web Contents Dark Mode” finch flag so that instead of having the Options: Enabled, Disabled, Default, it had the options Default, Disabled, Version1, Version2, Version3, etc, where toggling on Version 2 used the second version of the dark theme smart invert configuration
If you read the description from the bug, it sounds more like Google testing a few variations of the dark mode. You can see up to eight variations that Google is planning to test. Some of them include “image inversion” too.
Available in Canary to Test
The “Force Dark Mode for Web Contents” flag has been updated with these additional options, both on Android and desktop versions of Chrome.
I enabled all these variants and tested, but could not find any visible difference in how the page looks. Looks like these changes are more around the implementation of the dark mode feature.
Comments? More details to add? | <urn:uuid:49852c1c-d1f8-4998-b0a3-aa641f2a6f0c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.chromestory.com/2019/08/google-is-testing-several-variations-of-the-dark-mode/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.899329 | 376 | 1.585938 | 2 |
The headquarters of UNESCO in Paris was an improbable place at which to celebrate, in mid-December of 1985, the eight-hundred-fiftieth anniversary of the birth of Maimonides. The United States had formally withdrawn from UNESCO the year before, after charging the organization with being a center of anti-Western propaganda, of support for “guided democracy,” and, especially, of a “third world”-style controlled press. Just a few days before the Maimonides conference was to convene, Great Britain had announced its decision to withdraw from UNESCO, for reasons almost identical to those given by the Americans. Both governments had attacked Amadou Mahtar M’Bow, the director general of UNESCO, for his third world proclivities and extravagant budgets. Several people in Paris suggested to me that he might be helped by the appearance of fairness and reasonableness that this conference would give him.
It did not turn out that way. The staff of UNESCO was on strike against the director general that week. It sat down-stairs in the lobby, in protest against personnel cuts that M’Bow had announced to compensate for the revenue, one fourth of the total, that was lost with the departure of the United States. It seemed clear that M’Bow’s politics were seen to be the enemy of much of the UNESCO bureaucracy, of their jobs and of their programs. No late nod to the Jews could now make a difference to his survival, especially since it was being whispered in the corridors that the Russians had abandoned him.
The idea for the conference on Maimonides had come from the World Jewish Congress in 1983. This international Jewish group did not back away, even after the Americans and British departed from UNESCO, largely because the Israelis had chosen to support the conference despite their own grievances against the organization for repeatedly condemning Israel’s archeological efforts in Jerusalem as attacks on Islam. The Maimonides anniversary would serve to reduce Israel’s isolation, and turn attention at UNESCO to a Jewish topic for the first time in at least a decade. A strange assortment of countries, none of which had normal relations with Israel, were cosponsors of the conference: Pakistan, India, Cuba, Spain, and the Soviet Union. (Spain and Israel later announced, in January 1986, their intention to exchange ambassadors.) The scholars who came to the meeting were an even more surprising assortment. They came from Algeria, Morocco, Senegal, and Nigeria—as well as from Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Iran.
When, European-style, the assembled scholars elected a presidium to conduct the sessions, three of the four vice-presidents were chosen from countries that do not have diplomatic relations with Israel: Souleymane Bachir Diagne, from Senegal; Mohammed Arkoun, a Moroccan who lives in Paris; and Vitaly Naumkin, of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. The fourth was M.H. Zafrani, a North African Jew who teaches in Paris. The officers were elected quickly by consensus, and no one seemed to…
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Structure of the Human Eye
You'll be introduced to basic terminology of the human eye.
4th-6th grade students build their knowledge of food chains
Chakalaka: Digestion Questions
a game to test your knowledge on the human digestive system
Alterations in the Hepatobiliary/GI Systems
You'll learn terms associated with the liver, gallbladder, and gastrointestinal system.
The Elderly: Assessments & Interventions
Crossword review of terminology used for Assessments and Interventions of the elderly.
Test your knowledge of telehealth and the role it plays in community health.
Para conocer y reducir el consumo de grasas
Test your knowledge of lead poisoning and win points!
Mitosis and Meiosis Review
Is your knowledge of the Cell Cycle up to snuff? Find out!
Hypothermia Crossword Puzzle
In this crossword puzzle, you will be given clues relating to neonatal hypothermia, please solve to complete the puzzle. | <urn:uuid:03b03d43-c317-482b-90ea-e0bc824d86a6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://dev.wisc-online.com/arcade/games/natural-science?gameTypes=BLDKNOW_CHAKALAKA_CROSSWORD | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.819273 | 232 | 3.328125 | 3 |
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The author is a Forbes contributor. The opinions expressed are those of the writer.
This article is by Deborah Grayson Riegel, president of the communication skills training and coaching companies Elevated Training and Engineers Are People Too and author of Oy Vey! Isn’t a Strategy: 25 Solutions for Personal and Professional Success.
Watching the first Presidential debate, I wasn’t surprised by the fundamental ideological differences expressed by Barack Obama and Mitt Romney as to how each of them sees the role of government in the lives of American citizens. Romney articulated his belief that the federal government should largely stay out of the personal lives of the people, and Obama reiterated his point of view that government can and should play a significant part in supporting its public.
No, none of that surprised me in the least. What did shock me was moderator Jim Lehrer’s apparent decision that he—like Romney’s vision for big government—should stay out of the debate. And while a moderator or facilitator of a debate, discussion or meeting shouldn’t be plugging his own point of view, his role—like Obama’s perspective on government—should be to support the process, direct and redirect the participants, and make sure that the agreed-upon agenda gets accomplished for the benefit of everyone involved.
I won’t tell you whether I think Obama won the debate or Romney ruled the night, but I will tell you that I think Jim Lehrer as the moderator was the biggest loser. He failed to keep the participants to the clock, to the topics, and to the facts. But his loss can be our gain if we can learn what not to do in facilitating our own meetings from Lehrer’s passive, tame and ultimately futile moderation tactics.
Here are three ways to blow facilitating your next meeting:
1. Let the participants steamroll the agenda. In the debate, each candidate was allotted a certain amount of time to answer the question and offer a rebuttal—in theory. In reality, both Romney and Obama took far more time speaking on each topic than they were supposed to, which meant that the discussion of the final issue had to be truncated. If that last agenda item was the one that you were really waiting to hear about, you were out of luck. I kept waiting for Lehrer to say, “I wish we had more time to discuss this but we don’t, so we’re moving on now.” In your next meeting, make sure that the written agenda has clear start and end times for each agenda item, and that the facilitator speaks up loudly and firmly when the time is up and the group needs to move on.
2. Let the participants say whatever they want. While we know that Lehrer let the participants speak whenever they wanted, he also let Romney and Obama say whatever they wanted. Both men had fact flubs, from the number of unemployed Americans to the rate of rise in health insurance premiums, and the facilitator never stepped in to call them on their statistics. And I don’t know about you, but Dodd-Frank and Simpson-Bowles aren’t phrases that are regularly brought up around my dinner table, yet Lehrer never explained them, or asked the candidates to explain them, to Joe Public. When you facilitate your next meeting, make sure that the facts are accurate when presented. It’s too easy to let the status update or statistics go the way of the loudest participant or the most charismatic person or the participant with the highest rank or even the last speaker. You owe it to everyone to make sure that the facts are backed. In addition, if there are technical terms or jargon being thrown around the meeting room, request that all cloudy or complex language be defined for everyone’s benefit.
3. Let the critical questions go unanswered. Not only did Lehrer fail to keep the candidates on time and in truth, he also missed multiple opportunities to redirect them to actually answer the questions being asked. Not only did he ask too many open-ended questions that allowed the candidates to wander off onto tangents that were not part of the agenda, he rarely reinforced the need for Romney or Obama to go back to answer the original questions. I kept praying for him to say, “Excuse me: That’s interesting information; however, the original question that we need you to answer right now is . . .” But, like so many of the debate questions, my prayers went unanswered. In your next meeting, remember that the role of the facilitator is to protect the rights of all of the meeting participants, in part by making sure that the meeting’s objectives are met. If participants stray from the agenda items, you have an obligation to get them, and the meeting, back on track. You don’t have to be heavy-handed about it, but if you aren’t assertive about maintaining the agenda, the meeting, like the debate, will start to run itself—and possibly run itself into the ground.
Jim Lehrer assessed his own performance in the Presidential debate by saying "I'm not going to say I've done a poor job. . . ." He doesn’t have to. I will. And I will also say, to his credit, that he has provided a rich learning opportunity to all of us who run meetings that we don’t want people to run from. | <urn:uuid:972b4b69-6c5f-4b3f-b9f6-533365d712c1> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesleadershipforum/2012/10/04/lessons-from-jim-lehrer-three-ways-to-blow-facilitating-your-next-meeting/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00443-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968237 | 1,122 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Healthy Moms/Healthy Babies of Mississippi Programs offer a variety of supportive care and home visiting programs tailored to meet the needs of pregnant women, infants, and families. Each care management program is voluntary. Availability varies across the state.
Healthy Moms/Healthy Babies of Mississippi
The Healthy Moms/Healthy Babies of MS (HM/HB) program is a support program for pregnant women and their babies less than one year old. This program partners with patients, communities, and medical providers to provide enhanced access to health care, nutritional and psychosocial support, home visits, and health education.
Support and Care Coordination
The Healthy Moms/Healthy Babies of Mississippi program, formerly known as PHRM/ISS, also provides a multidisciplinary support team to assist moms and babies who have identified health risks. The HM/HB team may help with:
- Finding a medical home for mom and/or her baby
- Identifying family and community supports
- Referrals for services such as Medicaid, food stamps (SNAP) and WIC
- Referrals for family planning, mental health, transportation, housing, medical services, childcare, employment services, and breastfeeding assistance
- Health information such as preparing for the hospital, postbirth warning signs, postpartum depression, caring for baby, infant safety, and healthy infant development
- Nutritional information
Healthy Mother, Healthy Baby: Help for Pregnant and Parenting Teens
If you are 19 or younger and pregnant or have a new baby, we have free health services that can benefit you and your baby.
How to Enroll
You can qualify for the MSDH Pregnant and Parenting Teens program if you are 19 or younger, pregnant or have a child younger than 1, and you are in high school or would like to re-enroll to work toward a diploma or GED. To enroll, you can contact:
- Your county health department.
Find a county health department near you
- Your school guidance counselor or school nurse
- Your hospital nurse
- Your family doctor or nurse
All services in this program are free.
How You Benefit
- Healthy food: We help you enroll in the free WIC program. It provides you monthly food packages for a balanced and complete diet
- Nutrition counseling: to make sure you're getting important nutrients for your health and for the healthy development of your baby.
- Tips on preparing for birth: to help you understand changes in your body and how your baby is developing, what to expect during delivery, recovery after having a baby.
- Family planning waiver: If you do not have health insurance, you may be able to receive free checkups, birth control supplies, and family planning services.
- Pregnancy planning: Birth control choices you have after delivery, and how to time your next pregnancy so it's best for you and the baby.
- Help in continuing your education : Help in staying in school and reaching your educational goals during pregnancy and after your child is born.
How Your Baby Benefits
- Breastfeeding support from a lactation specialist. Breastmilk is the ideal food for a new baby, and gives it the best start in life.
- Safe sleep education: How to prepare a crib and choose the right clothing and sleep position for your baby to make sure it sleeps safely.
- Parenting preparation: How to care for your baby and meet his or her nutritional goals; how to recognize proper growth and development, and care for a baby with special medical needs; how to deal with the changes a baby brings to a family.
More Information for Mothers, Fathers, and Significant Others
More Information About Babies
More Information For Fathers
The Healthy Mothers, Healthy Babies program for pregnant and parenting teens is supported by grant number SP1AH000038-01-00 from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Office of Adolescent Health, pregnancy Assistance Fund. Content described is solely the responsibility of MSDH and does not necessarily represent the official views of HHS. | <urn:uuid:f77da537-8350-4406-8014-219bbff661a7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://msdh.state.ms.us/msdhsite/_static/41,18601,106.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572870.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817062258-20220817092258-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.940515 | 858 | 2.046875 | 2 |
George Wells Beadle was born at
Wahoo, Nebraska, U.S.A., October 22, 1903, the son of Chauncey
Elmer Beadle, a farmer, and his wife Hattie Albro. George was
educated at the Wahoo High School and might himself have become a
farmer if one of his teachers at school had not directed his mind
towards science and persuaded him to go to the College of Agriculture at Lincoln, Nebraska. In 1926
he took his B.Sc. degree at the University of Nebraska and subsequently
worked for a year with Professor F.D. Keim, who was studying
hybrid wheat. In 1927 he took his M.Sc. degree, and Professor
Keim secured for him a post as Teaching Assistant at Cornell University,
where he worked, until 1931, with Professors R.A. Emerson and
L.W. Sharp on Mendelian asynopsis in Zea mays. For this
work he obtained, in 1931, his Ph.D. degree. In 1931 he was
awarded a National Research Council Fellowship at the California Institute of
Technology at Pasadena, where he remained from 1931 until
1936. During this period he continued his work on Indian corn and
began, in collaboration with Professors Th. Dobzhansky, S.
Emerson, and A.H. Sturtevant, work on crossing-over in the fruit
fly, Drosophila melanogaster.
In 1935 Beadle visited Paris for six months to work with Professor Boris Ephrussi at the Institut de Biologie physico-chimique. Together they began the study of the development of eye pigment in Drosophila which later led to the work on the biochemistry of the genetics of the fungus Neurospora for which Beadle and Edward Lawrie Tatum were together awarded the 1958 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.
In 1936 Beadle left the California Institute of Technology to become Assistant Professor of Genetics at Harvard University. A year later he was appointed Professor of Biology (Genetics) at Stanford University and there he remained for nine years, working for most of this period in collaboration with Tatum. In 1946 he returned to the California Institute of Technology as Professor of Biology and Chairman of the Division of Biology. Here he remained until January 1961 when he was elected Chancellor of the University of Chicago and, in the autumn of the same year, President of this University.
During his career, Beadle has received many honours. These include the Hon. D.Sc. of the following Universities: Yale (1947), Nebraska (1949), Northwestern University (1952), Rutgers University (1954), Kenyon College (1955), Wesleyan University (1956), Birmingham University and Oxford University, England (1959), Pomona College (1961), and Lake Forest College (1962). In 1962 he was also given the honorary degree of LL.D. by the University of California, Los Angeles. He also received the Lasker Award of the American Public Health Association (1950), the Dyer Award (1951), the Emil Christian Hansen Prize of Denmark (1953), the Albert Einstein Commemorative Award in Science (1958), the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1958 with E.L. Tatum and J. Lederberg, the National Award of the American Cancer Society (1959), and the Kimber Genetics Award of the National Academy of Sciences (1960).
He is a member of several learned societies, among which the National Academy of Sciences (Chairman of Committee on Genetic Effects of Atomic Radiation), the Genetics Society of America (President in 1946), the American Association for the Advancement of Science (President in 1955), the American Cancer Society (Chairman of Scientific Advisory Council), the Royal Society of London, and the Danish Royal Academy of Science.
Beadle has married twice. By his first wife he had a son, David, who now lives at The Hague, the Netherlands. His second wife, Muriel McClure, a well-known writer, was born in California. Beadle's chief hobbies are rockclimbing, skiing, and gardening.
From Nobel Lectures, Physiology or Medicine 1942-1962, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1964
This autobiography/biography was written at the time of the award and first published in the book series Les Prix Nobel. It was later edited and republished in Nobel Lectures. To cite this document, always state the source as shown above.
George Beadle died on June 9, 1989.
Copyright © The Nobel Foundation 1958
Try to save some patients and learn about human blood types!
All you want to know about the Medicine Prize!
Read more about the Medicine Prize during the past century | <urn:uuid:fbb7e9bc-221a-46b6-b35f-673ff74e5acf> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1958/beadle-bio.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00363-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961997 | 1,001 | 2.5 | 2 |
The line between friendship and love can often be blurred for both you and your friend. The question of whether men and women can truly be platonic friends has been studied by numerous researchers, such as those at the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire who concluded that men and women view platonic friendships very differently. Men reported feelings of romantic attraction to their female friends more often than women reported attraction to male friends, even if both considered romantic feelings detrimental to their friendship. If you value your friendship but don't reciprocate his romantic intentions, dealing with his feelings may have long-lasting effects on your friendship.
Avoid sending mixed signals to your friend. The most effective way in which to communicate your feelings about dating to your friend is by being clear and direct. Although you may want to avoid hurting his feelings, unequivocally stating your feelings, or lack thereof, will send a direct message to your friend that you are not interested in dating him.
Look at how you're relating to your friend and determine whether your actions are sending mixed messages. This means you're going to have to look closely at your interactions and take a good hard look at your own behavior. Do you and your friend engage in date-like activities, such as going to movies or dinner with each other? If so, you may be the source of confusion within your friendship.
Allow your friend time to accept the reality that you are not interested in pursuing a romantic relationship with him. Don't expect your friendship to go back to normal overnight. Just as it took time for him to develop feelings for you, it will also take time for those feelings to fade. While you may not have romantic feelings for him, your inability to reciprocate those feelings may leave your friend heartbroken.
Encourage your friend to meet new people. Chances are that your friend has not spent as much time looking at his other options while he's been pining over you. Once the dust has settled, help your friend out by being his best wing-woman.
Accept the consequences of denying your friend a romantic relationship. Depending on your friendship, this may involve taking a step back to allow your friend time to get over you, or may mean that his attention will drift toward someone else who does share romantic feelings for him.
- Hemera Technologies/AbleStock.com/Getty Images | <urn:uuid:05a68db9-d449-4574-be92-40beaaed80db> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://oureverydaylife.com/deal-friend-love-but-not-love-him-9732.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00455-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.978646 | 472 | 1.5 | 2 |
Rural fire crews are responding to dozens of fires across Australia’s southeast, as officials warn residents to prepare for what could be the worst fire danger day in New South Wales' history.
A total fire ban will be in place across NSW on Tuesday with temperatures in the state’s far west predicted to hit 45C, while the mercury is forecast to climb to 43C in Sydney - the third highest on record.
NSW Premier Barry O'Farrell on Monday made an emphatic appeal to all state residents to be fully prepared for the worst.
"Tomorrow is not just going to be in the 40s, it will perhaps be the worst fire danger the state has ever faced," he said.
"Do what emergency services tell you, particular the rural fire service. Act early.
"Don't just think, 'Tomorrow is another bush fire danger day, tomorrow is another summer's day'. Tomorrow is going to be the worst fire danger day in parts of this state we've ever experienced in history."
A total fire ban has been applied for NSW from midnight on Monday.
The Fire Service has advised residents never to attempt to stay and defend their homes when threatened by fire on a day rated catastrophic.
National parks will be closed and nursing homes evacuated as the state sets to sizzle.
O'Farrell urged campers and holidaymakers to leave early Tuesday morning as thousands of fire service personnel would be on heightened standby.
"Rethink your need to be in the bush, have a bush fire plan, be prepared but most importantly make sure you are well away from harm's way," he said.
FARMING TOWN UNDER THREAT
A massive bushfire could potentially double in size and hit small farming communities in Victoria’s southwest, as the north of the state faces severe conditions.
There is a threat to lives and property with the southwest Victorian settlement of Drik Drik under direct attack from fire and embers, authorities said on Monday night.
An afternoon wind change swung the 4000-hectare Kentbruck fire on a path to Drik Drik, an agricultural farming area of about 30 houses.
Authorities warned the out-of-control bushfire had the potential to double in size to 8000 hectares in an afternoon with westerly to south-westerly winds of up to 40kmh on Tuesday capable of pushing the fire a significant distance.
Fire Services commissioner Craig Lapsley said the immediate concern on Monday night was the Drik Drik area but the key issue would be on Tuesday.
‘‘It will be a fire that will be pushed with winds and we believe that it’s got the potential to move significant distance tomorrow, potentially block the Princes Highway and have further impacts on the rural community around Drik Drik and Dartmoor,’’ Lapsley told ABC TV.
Nearly 500 firefighters and a dozen aircraft are battling the blaze, which started on Friday and has mainly burnt through pine plantation.
FIREFIGHTER INJURED AS BLAZE OVERTAKES TRUCK
A firefighter has been injured battling a blaze near southern NSW town of Gunning this afternoon when the fire overtook his truck.
The fire broke out between Gunning and the Bellmount Forest and has raced through more than 25 hectares of scrub.
The Snowy Hydro Southcare helicopter has been deployed to transport the man to Canberra Hospital. A NSW Rural Fire Service spokeswoman said the injured firefighter was in a stable condition but could not provide any further details
PRAISE FOR FIREFIGHTERS IN TASMANIA
Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard said firefighters battling bushfires sparked by a heat wave in Tasmanian are ''showing great Australian mateship''.
Gillard has been touring the island state, where fires burning since last week have destroyed dozens of homes and forced hundreds of people to evacuate.
Gillard said all of Australia was standing with Tasmanians at this difficult time.
''To all of those people, we are thinking of you in moments of grief and despair,'' she said.
''A number of people know their home has been destroyed but as yet for safety reasons they haven't been able to see the damage for themselves.''
Gillard said she had met Victorian firefighters who were returning the favour to their Tasmanian counterparts, who helped them out in the 2009 blazes.
The fires on the island state were so far fatality-free police said after a search of one of the worst-hit towns.
Police searched 335 properties in and near Dunalley, a village on the state's east coast, but have not found any bodies.
In a statement, Tasmanian police said they would search south of the town in Murdunna and Sommers Bay today.
But many people are still unaccounted for, the statement said.
The grim task comes as fire authorities warn bushfires that have ravaged the south-east of the state could flare up again as more warm weather hits.
- Fairfax Australia and AAP | <urn:uuid:b24abc32-bc26-4cde-a68e-d8108d24fa0f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.stuff.co.nz/world/australia/8149566/Australians-unite-against-bushfires-Gillard | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00094-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967532 | 1,037 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Infection Control Department, Royal Hampshire County Hospital, Winchester.
The use of indwelling urethral catheters has become a common aspect of patient care, but they can be a source of infection. Nurses can help to prevent catheter-associated urinary tract infections by using aseptic technique on insertion, following best practice in ongoing care and promptly removing catheters. The urinary catheter assessment and monitoring form (UCAM) is used at the Royal Hampshire County Hospital, Winchester, to remind staff of best practice and promote their early removal.
Dailly S. Are you the author?
Reference: Nurs Older People. 2011 Mar;23(2):14-9. | <urn:uuid:e99702df-52f0-4774-9b23-582edad540ac> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.urotoday.com/2014-09-18-02-47-34/infections-main/42820-prevention-of-indwelling-catheter-associated-urinary-tract-infections-abstract.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.877726 | 157 | 2.421875 | 2 |
It has often been said that global corporations may wield more power and influence than national governments. A prime example of this has been Mastercard’s strong and principled stand against underage performers in adult content and the issue of participant consent. Their rule book was updated last year to
In April 2022, the law restricting the sale of knives and corrosive substances in the UK was significantly tightened, now requiring rigorous age checks both before an online purchase and at the point of delivery. Read our report to better understand the impact on your buiness. Download the full report
The United Kingdom government has presented to Parliament a revised draft of its trailblazing online safety legislation, which now begins the process of scrutiny by first the House of Commons and then the House of Lords before becoming law, probably early in 2023. Read our report to better understand the
Until now, the debate around the UK’s Online Safety Bill and age verification has centred on the adult industry and the requirement to prevent children from accessing online pornography. However, whilst the recently-published revised draft certainly tackles this issue, it also has far more wide-ranging implications for websites across
German courts have taken a further significant step in clarifying the complex question of jurisdiction over the regulation of the internet within the EU by making it clear that the German government can take action against pornographic websites based in other EU states that breach German laws on child protection.
VerifyMyAge’s blueprint report explores the current state of play in regard to how the European Union, United Kingdom, France and Germany are tackling age verification for access to adult content and what this means for local consumers and the content providers. There is presently no uniform global or regional | <urn:uuid:b86d6b75-3cb0-41de-a1f7-1d145f7d4fe2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://verifymy.io/blog/tag/age-verification/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571987.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813202507-20220813232507-00276.warc.gz | en | 0.953338 | 343 | 1.515625 | 2 |
In Vera Egenberger v Evangelisches Werk für Diakonie und Entwicklung eV EUECJ C-414/16, the Grand Chamber of the CJEU has reaffirmed that, in cases where religion or belief organisations impose a Genuine Occupational Requirement when recruiting staff, that requirement must be both genuine, legitimate and justifiable.
In November, we reported Advocate General Tanchev’s Opinion in the case of Ms Vera Egenberger. She had applied for a job advertised by the Evangelisches Werk für Diakonie und Entwicklung [EWDE], an auxiliary organisation of the Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland [EKD], a private law institution pursuing exclusively charitable, benevolent and religious purposes. The successful applicant was to prepare a report on Germany’s compliance with the UN International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. The duties included public and professional representation of the EWDE; and the advertisement stated that candidates should be members of a Protestant Church or of a member-Church of the Cooperative of Christian Churches in Germany. When she failed to get the job, she lodged a claim with the German Labour Courts for payment of damages of around €10,000, arguing that she had been rejected because she does not belong to any religious community and that she had been discriminated against on the basis of belief.
In Egenberger, the Bundesarbeitsgericht (Federal Labour Court) had submitted a series of questions to the Court of Justice, as follows:
“1. Is Article 4(2) of Directive 2000/78/EC [the Equal Treatment Directive] to be interpreted as meaning that an employer, such as the defendant in the present case, or the church on its behalf, may itself authoritatively determine whether adherence by an applicant to a specified religion, by reason of the nature of the activities or of the context in which they are carried out, constitutes a genuine, legitimate and justified occupational requirement, having regard to the employer/church’s ethos?
2. If the first question is answered in the negative:
In a case such as the present, is it necessary to disapply a provision of national law – such as, in the present case, the first alternative of Paragraph 9(1) of the AGG (Allgemeines Gleichbehandlungsgesetz, General Law on equal treatment) – which provides that a difference of treatment on the ground of religion in the context of employment with religious bodies and the organisations adhering to them is also lawful where adherence to a specific religion, in accordance with the self-conception of the religious body, having regard to its right of self-determination, constitutes a justified occupational requirement?
3. If the first question is answered in the negative, further:
What requirements are there as regards the nature of the activities or of the context in which they are carried out, as genuine, legitimate and justified occupational requirements, having regard to the organisation’s ethos, in accordance with Article 4(2) of Directive 2000/78/EC?”
The opinion of the Grand Chamber
The Court started by finding that, under the directive, the right to autonomy of Churches (and other organisations whose ethos is based on religion or belief) had to balanced fairly with the right of workers not to be discriminated against on grounds of religion or belief – including during the recruitment process. In the event of a dispute, it must be possible for such a balancing exercise to be reviewed by an independent authority and, ultimately, by a national court.
Where a Church or other organisation whose ethos is based on religion or belief rejected an application for employment with it on the basis that, by reason of the nature of the activities concerned or the context in which they were to be carried out, religion was a genuine, legitimate and justified occupational requirement for the post, having regard to the ethos of the church (or organisation), that assertion had to be capable of effective judicial review – and the court hearing the case had to ensure that the criteria laid down by the directive for striking a balance between the possibly competing rights were satisfied.
In principle, it was not for the national courts to rule on the ethos on which the purported occupational requirement was founded as such; nevertheless, they had to decide, case by case, whether or not the three criteria of a “genuine, legitimate and justified” requirement had been satisfied from the point of view of that ethos. Consequently, they had to decide whether the requirement put forward was necessary and objective, having regard to the ethos of the organisation in question, the nature of the occupational activity or the circumstances in which it was to be carried out. In addition, the requirement had to be proportionate and not go beyond what was necessary to attain the objective pursued.
Finally, it was for the national courts to interpret the national law transposing the directive, so far as possible, in conformity with that directive. If it proved impossible to interpret the applicable national law (in the present case, the German General Law on equal treatment) in conformity with the Anti-Discrimination Directive, as interpreted by the CJEU in today’s judgment, a national court hearing a dispute between two individuals would have to disapply the national law.
Because the Charter of Fundamental Rights applied to such cases, the national court had to ensure that the mandatory prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion or belief under Article 21 of the Charter and the right to effective judicial protection under Article 47 were enforced. Both the prohibition of discrimination and the right to effective judicial protection gave claimants an enforceable right in disputes with other individuals in a field covered by EU law.
The Grand Chamber ruled as follows:
“(1) Article 4(2) of Council Directive 2000/78/EC of 27 November 2000 establishing a general framework for equal treatment in employment and occupation, read in conjunction with Articles 9 and 10 of the directive and Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, must be interpreted as meaning that, where a church or other organisation whose ethos is based on religion or belief asserts, in support of an act or decision such as the rejection of an application for employment with it, that by reason of the nature of the activities concerned or the context in which the activities are to be carried out, religion constitutes a genuine, legitimate and justified occupational requirement, having regard to the ethos of the church or organisation, it must be possible for such an assertion to be the subject, if need be, of effective judicial review by which it can be ensured that the criteria set out in Article 4(2) of that directive are satisfied in the particular case.
(2) Article 4(2) of Directive 2000/78 must be interpreted as meaning that the genuine, legitimate and justified occupational requirement it refers to is a requirement that is necessary and objectively dictated, having regard to the ethos of the church or organisation concerned, by the nature of the occupational activity concerned or the circumstances in which it is carried out, and cannot cover considerations which have no connection with that ethos or with the right of autonomy of the church or organisation. That requirement must comply with the principle of proportionality.
(3) A national court hearing a dispute between two individuals is obliged, where it is not possible for it to interpret the applicable national law in conformity with Article 4(2) of Directive 2000/78, to ensure within its jurisdiction the judicial protection deriving for individuals from Articles 21 and 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and to guarantee the full effectiveness of those articles by disapplying if need be any contrary provision of national law.” | <urn:uuid:bad0d986-f557-4596-9690-7b46494da12f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lawandreligionuk.com/2018/04/18/religion-and-the-genuine-occupational-requirement-egenberger-the-judgment/?replytocom=52743 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571989.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813232744-20220814022744-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.955597 | 1,579 | 1.648438 | 2 |
Soft Law and Nanotechnology
Sources of Guidance for Risk Management
BY JOHN BAKER, MARTIN D. BARRIE, CHARLES L. GERACI, AND MARK D. HOOVER
At AIHce 2015 in Salt Lake City, attorney Lynn Bergeson gave a presentation on the legal and regulatory issues related to the environmental health and safety aspects of nanotechnology. Not surprisingly, Bergeson told attendees that many holes exist in the patchwork of regulations. “Governance frameworks are always out of date,” she said. “They can never keep up with the speed of innovation. We want people to know what they’re dealing with [so they] have a solid basis to make informed judgments about risk.” What should industrial hygienists do when the legislative and regulatory process can’t keep pace with technology? Our profession is charged with protecting workers and public health. The industrial hygienists’ Code of Ethics provides guidance that must be supplemented by new knowledge. If we act only when regulations are issued, we would be doing very little to promote safe and responsible development of the technology. This is especially true for an evolving and rapidly expanding field like nanotechnology. This article reviews current standards of behavior, guidance, regulations, and “soft law” related to nanomaterials.
STANDARDS OF BEHAVIORInfluential initiatives related to the manufacture, use, and ultimate disposition of manufactured nanomaterials do exist (see Figure 1). Many of these initiatives are in the form of “adaptive governance,” an approach to risk management that anticipates emerging technological advances and related regulatory or governance challenges. Adaptive governance implies managing changes through existing governance frameworks. The related term “soft law,” which has been used in the context of congressional practices, securities law, healthcare reform, and environmental law, can also apply to nanotechnology. As the law professor Timothy F. Malloy explains in the journal
Jurimetrics, the concept of soft law encompasses establishing standards of behavior that are influential but not legally binding.
Figure 1. Sources of nanotechnology guidance, regulations, and requirements.
- Annals of Occupational Hygiene: “Exposure Limits for Nanoparticles: Report of an International Workshop on Nano Reference Values” (July 2012).
- JOEH: “Achieving Control of Occupational Exposures to Engineered Nanomaterials” (August 2015).
- JOEH: “Characterizing Adoption of Precautionary Risk Management Guidance for Nanomaterials, an Emerging Occupational Hazard” (January 2015).
- JOEH: “Exposure Limit Values for Nanomaterials—Capacity and Willingness of Users to Apply a Precautionary Approach” (January 2013).
- Jurimetrics: “Soft Law and Nanotechnology: A Functional Perspective” (Spring 2012).
- Federal Register: Chemical Substances When Manufactured or Processed as Nanoscale Material; TSCA Reporting and Recordkeeping Requirements (
- Nano and Other Emerging Chemical Technologies Blog: “EPA Stops Sale of Unregistered Food Containers Containing Nanosilver” (March 2014)
- Nanotechnology Now: EPA Promulgates SNUR for Graphene Nanoplatelets(June 2015)
- Safe Work Australia: “Engineered Nanomaterials: Feasibility of establishing exposure standards and control banding in Australia” (
- Approaches to Safe Nanotechnology: Managing the Health and Safety Concerns Associated with Engineered Nanomaterials (
- Current Strategies for Engineering Controls in Nanomaterial Production and Downstream Handling Processes (
- General Safe Practices for Working with Engineered Nanomaterials in Research Laboratories (
- Interim Guidance for Medical Screening of Workers Potentially Exposed to Engineered Nanoparticles (
- Nanotechnology website
- Occupational Exposure to Carbon Nanotubes and Carbon Nanofibers (
- Occupational Exposure to Fine and Ultrafine Titanium Dioxide (
- Administrative order: The Safe Handling of Unbound Engineered Nanoparticles
- Considering Whether a Food and Drug Administration-Regulated Product Involves the Application of Nanotechnology(June 2014).
- Safety of Nanomaterials in Cosmetic Products(June 2014)
- Use of Nanomaterials in Food for Animals (
- ASTM: Guide for Workforce Education in Nanotechnology Health and Safety
- ASTM: Standard Guide for Handling Unbound Engineered Nanoscale Particles in Occupational Settings
- IRSST: Best Practices Guidance for Nanomaterial Risk Management in the Workplace(December 2015).
- OECD: “Policy Environments and Governance for Innovation and Sustainable Growth through Nanotechnology” (
- OECD: Testing Programme for Manufactured Nanomaterials
Thankfully, there is no shortage of authoritative guidance that can form the basis of a soft-law approach to nanomaterials. Several useful initiatives are summarized in this article. For a comprehensive list of sources related to nanotechnology, see the Resources list at the end of this article.
National Nanotechnology InitiativeThe
National Nanotechnology Initiative(NNI) is the overarching federal coordination effort that provides a framework for research and development programs with participating agencies. NNI works toward a “shared vision of a future in which the ability to understand and control matter at the nanoscale leads to a revolution in technology and industry that benefits society.” In July 2015, NNI held a joint workshop with the Consumer Products Safety Commission on quantifying exposure to engineered nanomaterials from manufactured products. Presentations from this workshop are available
NIOSHNIOSH has been the principal source of authoritative health and safety research and guidance including Current Intelligence Bulletins containing recommended exposure limits for fine and ultrafine titanium dioxide and for carbon nanotubes and nanofibers, and recently released a Bulletin on silver nanomaterials for public review. NIOSH has published guidance on exposure assessment, medical screening of workers potentially exposed to engineered nanoparticles, and safe practices for working with nanomaterials in research laboratories and in production and downstream manufacturing processes. These and other excellent documents are available from the NIOSH nanotechnology
website. A paper in the January 2015 issue of the
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene(JOEH) describes the degree to which U.S. companies have implemented precautionary control methods for nanomaterials. NIOSH staff observed use of PPE at 89 percent of 46 companies dealing with a wide variety of nanomaterials where the agency conducted on-site visits. Use of containment-based engineering controls for at least some processes was observed on site at 83 percent of visited companies. According to the JOEH paper,
more than 90% of the 16 engineered carbonaceous nanomaterial companies that responded to a nationwide survey were observed (on site) to be using engineering controls and PPE as reported or more stringently than reported. Since PPE use was slightly more prevalent than engineering controls, better communication may be necessary to reinforce the hierarchy of controls.
OSHAThe OSHA fact sheet “Working Safely with Nanomaterials” summarizes and provides references to related NIOSH guidance. In 2013, the agency issued a technical amendment to the Non-Mandatory Appendix A of 29 CFR 1910.1450 on
Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratoriesthat included a paragraph on nanoparticles and nanomaterials from the 2011 revision of
Prudent Practices in the Laboratory: Handling and Management of Chemical Hazards, a publication of the National Academies.
Food and Drug AdministrationFDA has issued non-binding guidance on whether an FDA-regulated product involves the application of nanotechnology and on specific topics such as the use of nanomaterials in food for animals and the safety of nanomaterials in cosmetic products. In 2015, FDA adopted three nanotechnology standards as part of a major update to its List of Recognized Standards. These include Technical Specification ISO/TS 14101,
Surface Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles for Nanomaterial Specific Toxicity Screening: FT-IR Method; ASTM E2490,
Standard Guide for Measurement of Particle Size Distribution of Nanomaterials in Suspension by Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS); and ASTM E2535,
Standard Guide for Handling Unbound Engineered Nanoscale Particles in Occupational Settings.
Institut de recherché Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail(IRSST) recently published a second edition of
Best Practices Guidance for Nanomaterial Risk Management in the Workplace, which incorporates new information available from the scientific literature, and includes appendices that describe examples of at-risk situations; preventive measures and data on their relative efficacy; and the implementation of measures to control exposure.
In Europe and the rest of the developed world, the rise of product registries (mandatory in France, Belgium, Norway, and Denmark, and voluntary in Sweden and Italy) and legal requirements such as the European Directive on the Registration, Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals (REACH) have the potential to affect the development, introduction, and risk assessment of nanomaterials. However, voluntary initiatives in Europe are equally relevant and influential. Recent papers in JOEH and the
Annals of Occupational Hygienehave described the capability and willingness of users to apply a precautionary approach such as the Dutch Nano Reference Values and similar voluntary initiatives. Safe Work Australia has explored the feasibility of establishing group-based Australian National Exposure Standards for engineered nanomaterials and using Benchmark Exposure Levels (BELs) and control banding adapted from the British Standards Institution (BSI) publication “Nanotechnologies – Part 2: Guide to Safe Handling and Disposal of Manufactured Nanomaterials.” The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) collects reports on nanotechnology initiatives on its
OECD Working Party on Manufactured Nanomaterialshas established a testing program for manufactured nanomaterials that includes links to dossiers and endpoints.
Other GuidanceProfessional and standards-setting institutions based in the U.S. have issued other guidance as well:
- AIHA’s nanotechnology Web pagesummarizes key topics in the field and links to current information.
- Fact sheetsdeveloped by AIHA’s Nanotechnology Working Group are available online.
- ANSI/ISO TC 229 WG3 hosts a database of nanotechnology standardsthat includes 114 published documents and 33 documents under development as of early March 2016.
- ASTM International has published a consensus standard, ASTM E2996-25—Guide for Workforce Education in Nanotechnology Health and Safety.
- The Good Nano Guide has extensive lists of government guidance documentsandnanotechnology standards.
REGULATIONSU.S. government agencies have produced a few traditional regulations related to nanomaterials. Under the Pre-manufacture and Significant New Use Rules of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), EPA has promulgated binding rules such as the 2014 ban on the sale of unregistered food containers containing nanosilver, and the 2015 direct final rule on graphene nanoplatelets. The most significant new regulatory activity that EPA has undertaken is the proposed TSCA Section 8(a) Recordkeeping and Reporting Rule, which would require manufacturers and importers to electronically report to EPA the specific chemical identity, production volume, methods of manufacture and processing, exposure and release information, and existing data concerning environmental and health effects for existing nanomaterials and for new discrete nanoscale materials before they are manufactured or processed. OSHA can refer enforcement under Section 5(a)(1) of the Occupational Safety and Health Act, the “general duty clause,” which establishes a duty for each employer to “furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees.” While the legal application of the general duty clause involves scrutiny of the degree to which hazards are recognized, and whether they are causing or likely to cause death or serious physical harm, we propose that a reasonable person would agree that there is a wealth of authoritative guidance based on scientifically valid research about the hazards, risks, and means of protecting workers potentially exposed to nanomaterials and other newly created substances in the workplace. Although OSHA has no mandatory requirements specifically for nanomaterials, the agency’s
Web page on nanotechnologynotes that existing general industry standards on personal protective equipment, hand protection, eye and face protection, respiratory protection, hazard communication, sanitation, recording and reporting of occupational injuries and illness, occupational exposure to hazardous chemicals in laboratories, and substance-specific standards “may be applicable in situations where employees are exposed to nanomaterials.” The Department of Energy Order
DOE O 456.1is an example of a governmental mandate that is enforceable within a specified set of respondents and which provides helpful, authoritative guidance for interested parties. This order is expected to be finalized in the next several months. Key elements of the DOE order include:
- Maintain a registry of all activities involving unbound engineered nanoparticles (UNP) and UNP workers in an accessible electronic database, and provide a copy to the occupational medical service provider for the DOE site.
- Establish safety and health policies and procedures for activities involving UNP.
- Provide training at initial assignment to UNP workers and their supervisors, and provide refresher training when new information and changes in requirements, policies, and procedures dictate.
- Conduct exposure assessments including air monitoring programs based on preliminary assessments and guidance from the AIHA publication A Strategy for Assessing and Managing Occupational Exposures.
- Offer baseline medical evaluation to all workers.
- Control exposures using a risk-based graded approach that considers available toxicological and environmental data.
- Post signs at entry points where UNP are handled, and label storage and transport containers.
- Prepare for transportation by labeling the innermost receptacle to communicate the appropriate level of caution and a description of the contents.
- Follow all applicable federal, state, and local waste disposal regulations for waste management and create a documented procedure for proper storage and tracking of waste including an inventory of waste shipped off-site with a description and quantity of the waste, and means and location of final disposition.
NANOTORTSDespite the lack of regulations, industrial hygienists and companies that manufacture or use nanomaterials should be sensitive to the potential for liability or litigation associated with alleged exposure and adverse health outcomes. These “nanotorts” may be individual personal injury claims, or they may invoke mass tort and class action. Often, these claims allege negligence and failure to warn, and include product liability claims for design or manufacturing defects. In the absence of existing disease or illness, claimants may argue for future medical monitoring. In anticipation of increasing numbers of these claims, industrial hygienists and companies using or manufacturing nanomaterials should consider proactive mitigation. These measures may include identifying and characterizing nanomaterial potential hazards, characterizing exposure potential, keeping abreast of the scientific and medical literature, implementing and updating appropriate hazard communication plans, developing nanomaterial worker exposure registries, and implementing longitudinal surveillance programs to assess potential adverse health outcomes that may be associated with long latency periods from exposure.
THE PACE OF CHANGEIndustrial hygienists should keep track of regulations, consensus standards, recommendations, and guidelines that apply to the regulations, consensus standards, manufacturing, importing, or processing of nanomaterials, and supplement them with authoritative guidance from trusted academic, governmental, and non-governmental organizations. By combining existing legal and regulatory requirements with the most current guidance, we can adapt to the pace of technological change. The industrial hygiene community must work with the discovery, development, manufacturing, and production communities to educate them on the best available science for hazard, risk, and good risk management. The body of knowledge related to the health, safety, and environmental aspects of nanotechnology is growing. We can help develop effective consensus standards and practices, as we have done for enzymes, absorbent gels, semiconductor reactants, active pharmaceutical compounds, and so on. Standards and best practices often precede and serve as the foundation for regulation. Translating that knowledge for consumer products, environmental health, and general public health is a skill we must learn. Finally, we need to effectively communicate best practices to policy and regulatory bodies so they can issue informed regulations.
JOHN BAKER, CIH,is a senior project manager at Bureau Veritas. He can be reached at (281) 832-2894 or
MARTIN D. BARRIE, PhD, JD,is senior scientist in epidemiology at Oak Ridge Associated Universities. He can be reached at (865) 576-6250 or
CHARLES L. GERACI, PhD, CIH,is associate director for nanotechnology at NIOSH and co-manager of the Nanotechnology Research Center. He can be reached at (513) 533-8339 or
MARK D. HOOVER, PhD, CHP, CIH,is co-director of the NIOSH Center for Direct Reading and Sensor Technologies. He can be reached at (304) 285-6374 or
The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
Nanotechnology and Law at AIHce
AIHA’s Legal and Regulatory Affairs Committee and Nanotechnology Working Group are presenting a roundtable on legal issues affecting nanotechnology at AIHce 2016 in Baltimore, Md. This roundtable will discuss insurance coverage issues and mass torts, the development and implementation of workplace management programs, and the use of biological monitoring in the risk management process.
See links to resources at the end of this article.
Tap on the graphic below to open a larger version in your browser.
thesynergist | TOC | NEWSWATCH | DEPARTMENTS | COMMUNITY | <urn:uuid:c52e1d56-8912-4b5f-ab39-c97bae732fc9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://synergist.aiha.org/201604-Soft-Law-and-Nanotechnology | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00171-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.903847 | 3,798 | 2.0625 | 2 |
184.108.40.206.2. Opening large number of cells and washing the brood
A quicker method for collecting large numbers of live mites from capped brood cells it to uncap large quantities of brood and force the mites out by knocking them out of the cells or by washing them off the brood. For this:
1. Uncap a large number of cells.
2. Remove all developing bee brood.
These two steps can be done at once using an uncapping fork used for honey extraction
3. Turn the comb upside-down over a sheet of white paper.
4. Tap on its upper surface to dislodge mites from the cells.
5. Collect the dislodged mites, sometimes in the hundreds, from the paper.
An alternative method to increase the number of mites sampled is to:
1. Uncap the brood cells.
2. Flush the comb with lukewarm water that will dislodge the brood and mites.
3. Collect dislodged brood and mites in a first sieve (5 mm mesh) that will retain the bees.
4. Place a second sieve (0.5 mm mesh) underneath the first to retain mites.
5. Flush with more water.
6. Dry the mites by placing them on absorbent paper (Fig. 6e).
Pros: easy collection of high mite numbers (depending on colony infestation rate).
Cons: mites of unknown physiological stage; possible shortening of life expectancy after washing from brood; a large number of mites remain in the comb with the knocking method. | <urn:uuid:8ed6a04f-f67c-4798-8339-c15b04958f92> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://coloss.org/beebook/II/varroa/3/1/4/2/2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00178-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.844155 | 337 | 2.515625 | 3 |
It is always great to hear back from alumni once they have left our buildings. The feedback we sometimes receive provides us with a sense of whether or not we are doing a good job preparing them for success at the next stage in their lives. Below is an email that I recently received from Amanda Howell, a 2012 graduate of New Milford High School. Amanda's reflection on her time at NMHS put into perspective what really matters in an educational experience.
I just wanted to take the time to thank you for all of my experiences at New Milford High School. As I am embarking on my college career, I am thankful for all that I learned at New Milford. There are few people here who have had experiences as great as I had in High school, and I believe that much of that is due to the positive changes and environment you have created. The technology, the experiences, and the educators all play a positive role in the drive I have in furthering my education.
I was able to take part in so many great experiences during high school. There were so many great opportunities I am glad that I took part in. I was able to attend a trip to the Liberty Science center to watch an open-heart surgery as a part of my AP biology course, and the S.T.E.M Academy. It was a great experience because the educators really ensured that we were taking everything we possibly could from everything presented to us. We traveled to the Google offices in New York City, which was a great learning experience because much of the technology I used in high school, and still do in college, runs with something from Google. I was able to sample and provide feedback on the Chromebook, which helped me choose the technology I wanted for college. I traveled to many competitions to work on my debate and public speaking skills through the Ethics Bowl and Mock Trial, where we had to research and formulate opinions and strategies on current issues. As I am getting involved in groups, clubs, and organizations in college I am learning just how important and valuable it is that I was immersed in those issues and I have to tools to become informed, formulate an opinion, and defend it.
But beyond all of the experiences, and beyond all of the technology are the educators. The teachers of the school who encourage you to get involved, and make you want to be all you can be and do all that you can do. All of the teachers I had at New Milford helped to make me who I am today, but being a Biology major I need to point out Mr. Devereaux. His enthusiasm and passion for what he does really shines through in his teaching. He extended himself to be available to his students inside and outside of the classroom, always responding to e-mails and going out of his way to make sure all of his students were being the best they could be. He provided excellent resources, using social media such as twitter, to communicate with the students and provide them with further information beyond the topics covered in class. Even today in college, I still refer back to his notes and utilize his website, still enjoying his famous PowerPoint animations, to help me be the best I can be. Moreover, I know that if I ever have a question, or needed help with something all I would have to do is send him an e-mail and he would still help me today.
My roots and New Milford are stronger and richer than most. I am extremely thankful for all that I was able to take part in during my time at New Milford. I am thankful for all that Mr. Sheninger has done to make the educational experiences at New Milford better, for I feel I was given to tools to reach my potential. I am also thankful for the educators who go above and beyond the call of duty and because of them I will forever be reaching for the stars! | <urn:uuid:c2cd4ca3-dc69-4f14-ad49-ee12afb6f824> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://esheninger.blogspot.com/2012/10/what-matters-to-students.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00522-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.989358 | 784 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Important Dates for Taxes
There are several important dates for taxes that you don't want to ignore. To start, on January 15, if you are not paying your income taxes through withholding or you are making payments in addition to withholding, you will want to make your fourth estimated tax payment for the prior year.
The other due dates for estimated payments are April 15th, June 15th and September 15th. Note - If you file your tax return and pay all taxes due by February 2nd, the fourth payment is not necessary.
On February 2nd, income statements are also due from your employer's, contractors and financial institutions. This includes, W-2s and 1099s.
Next, on February 17th, if you have been exempt from income tax withholding, a new W-4 form must be filed if you want to continue the exemption for next tax year.
By March 15th, K-1 documents are to be delivered to shareholders of privately held companies and partnerships.
Most taxpayers know that on April 15th, returns are due. It is also the final date to file a 4868 filing extension (for help with this visit this page), which will give you a six-month extension to file your return. Besides these due dates it is also the final date to make a prior year contribution to a personal retirement fund.
October 1st is the last day for establishing a same calendar year Simple IRA or 401K plan for a business.
October 15th is the final date to file if the taxpayer received an extension.
Everyone gets busy but making note of these may help you to not forget an important filing date this season. | <urn:uuid:48c9a1be-89f7-490e-9218-de14004ddc67> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.e-file.com/help/tax-dates.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00136-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.977528 | 338 | 1.90625 | 2 |
Secondary Section is privileged to be the premium groundwork of Dawood Public School. It is a blend of academic brilliance and intellectual stimulation. Housed in a purpose built campus its environs bustle with young adolescent girls who are in pursuit of knowledge. It is here, that they are prepared to step into the world of higher education with a promising career ahead.
Our vision is to provide opportunities through diverse disciplines and activities, to develop the young girls in our care and provide a learning environment where they feel challenged and supported.
We expect high standards of achievement and involvement, thus we facilitate our students to work towards being the best they can be, in countless ways. We help them balance unyielding study habits with healthy recreation through a balanced curriculum. We instill in them necessary personality traits which will help them achieve their objectives in life, enduring moral values and leadership that will guide them to face the world as responsible well rounded personalities of the country.
Our faculty consists of dedicated and experienced teachers who honour their profession and are role models for students. Most of our senior teachers are with the school since its inception. They make every effort to help students attain relevant competence in their subject fields. They have a good rapport with them and are available not only in classrooms but outside classrooms and round the clock via social media.
At DPS students are helped to develop critical thinking, self confidence, self esteem, sportsmanship and leadership skills, to work independently, discover their potential and make rational choices for themselves. Initially we offered Science and Commerce but as we progressed over the years we added Humanities to our subject canvas. This discipline includes Environmental Management, Art and Design, Food and Nutrition, English Literature and World History. It helps students explore human nature, other cultures, be able to communicate effectively, use creativity and prepare for civic responsibilities. We emphasis on making students lifelong learners. Our efforts are focused on providing education that will give them multiple career choices and not restrict them due to decisions once made. Hence the groups we offer are a blend of different subjects.
Apart from the formal subjects, DPS offers an interesting variety of activities based on subjects such as Quranic studies, health workshops, counseling sessions, public speaking and mindfulness classes, gardening and cooking. These subjects are designed to groom students and to enrich their lives.
Our students not only learn to recite the Quran (these classes are not mandatory for our students belonging to other religions) correctly but are also guided on how to act upon the Islamic principles in this modern era. The completion of Holy Quran is celebrated by Ameen ceremony in class VIII. Students are encouraged to adopt moral values such as respect towards mankind, sympathy, kindness, tolerance and patience.
Food and Nutrition classes develop the culinary skills of our students and help them to be familiar with food and its nutritive values. They are taught recipes that are nutritious and easy to prepare. These classes help students realize the importance of a balanced diet for healthy living.
Gardening, as a teaching infotainment tool, emerged on Dawood Public School’s curriculum canvas in 2008 and has since become very popular among the students. It is taught as an applied science, where students learn by experience with the help of trained teachers. Students are taught the correct technique of growing plants, from preparing the soil to sowing seeds, watering and harvesting. The yield is later used for cooking classes, which gives children a sense of accomplishment.
Curricular activities, at DPS provide children with opportunities for social interaction as well as a platform to explore their talent. The school organizes inter and intra school competitions, such as debates, essay writing competitions, quiz contests, health workshops, compassion classes and sports tournaments. To provide students first hand learning experience they are taken on educational fieldtrips annually. They participate in literary events like KLF (Karachi Literature Festival) and CLF (Children’s Literature Festival), in national competitions, CAP (Citizens Archive of Pakistan), TCF (The Citizens Foundation)SIUT (Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplant) and WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature ) Nature Carnival, Spelling Bee, Kangroo Math and English Contest. To equip them with important life skill of dealing with unforeseen emergencies they are required to take up First Aid course at AKU (Aga Khan University). They also represent the school at international programs. Our students participated in the Dubai sports festival and in a program in India titled ‘Exchange for Change’. They have also been selected for the one year YES (Youth Exchange and Study Programme) through I Earn. We also plan excursion trips for our students to foreign destinations. (They were taken to Sri Lanka and Malaysia in 2016.)
We host clubs and societies, and persuade our students to enroll and participate in these. These provide a proactive platform where students are engaged in diverse activities and exhibit their talent in various disciplines such as Urdu and English, Sports, Science, IT, Music and Art. These clubs strengthens their leadership skills.
Physical Education, is an essential component of our curriculum this promotes fitness of our students. Indoor and outdoor activities like table tennis, throw ball, cricket, basket ball, board games, skating, rugby and taekwondo are carried out under the supervision of trained instructors.
Dawood Public School strives to provide meaningful opportunities to its students to make them sensitive to the needs of the community. Hence thirty hours of social service is mandatory for students of classes X and XI, Our students volunteer and render services at AKUH, TCF, SIUT, CAP, Fatimid Foundation, NICH, Indus Hospital and WWF. Students also organize charity drives through a grand scale Annual Carnival and Bake Sales through the year, donating the proceeds to welfare organizations.
Literacy classes are conducted for under privileged children and the school’s domestic staff after the regular school timings.
School discipline is managed by a committee comprising of faculty members and students’ council.
DPS envisions parents as partners in the education process and elicit parental co-operation whenever needed. Regular PTMs are part of the program.
The subjects we offer are divided into four distinct groups. These groups are designed to provide students the ability to be compatible with the subject requirements of local universities. Students are required to select any one group only as per their choice.
Compulsory Subjects for O’ level Students
English Pakistan Studies Urdu Islamiyat Mathematics
GROUPS AND SUBJECT OPTIONS
The school boasts of achieving 100% result in the CIE since its inception.
Excellent results are never an accident rather they are the result of a student’s work ethics and the professional experience of teachers who care.
We at Dawood Public School find pride in the achievements of our students and teachers. Our vision is to work hard to polish our students’ potential and we are happy to report that our children exceed all our expectations. Our curriculum is designed to stimulate our students’ minds, to help them explore available avenues and to aid their education, not only to pass an exam, but to become better human beings.
Syeda Nazish Hasan (Section Incharge)
Email: [email protected] Ext. No. 301 | <urn:uuid:62daa697-e0f5-47e3-882a-b9cc413b9546> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://dps.edu.pk/secondary.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00387-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954858 | 1,477 | 1.710938 | 2 |
The real reason we change our clocks twice a year
This weekend, most Americans will set their clocks back one hour Saturday night as everyone reverts back to standard time.
Every state except Hawaii and Arizona observe Daylight Saving Time in the summer months.
The idea of Daylight Saving Time has been around for more than a century for a variety of reasons, including more evening daylight and saving energy.
Germany was the first country to experiment with it, and it wasn’t fully adopted in the United States until 1918 when “An Act to save daylight and to provide standard time, for the United States” was passed.
Once this law was passed, it established the time zones we use today — Eastern, Central, Mountain and Pacific — and specified when Daylight Saving Time would begin and end.
Two years later, however, the Daylight Saving Time option was repealed and left up to localities to decide whether or not they’d change their clocks.
Nationwide Daylight Saving Time returned for almost three years during World War II when President Franklin Roosevelt instituted “War Time,” or year-round Daylight Saving Time.
It wasn’t until 1966 when President Lyndon Johnson signed the Uniform Time Act, which ended a lot of confusion by setting standards for when Daylight Saving Time would begin and end. It also required every state to participate unless a state voted to keep the entire state on standard time.
Daylight Saving Time was extended with the Energy Policy Act of 2005, so now most of the United States change clocks on the second Sunday in March and again on the first Sunday in November. | <urn:uuid:d92dccbf-17b6-449e-b597-dd4ec00bc2fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.weathersphere.com/the-real-reason-we-change-our-clocks-twice-a-year/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570921.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809094531-20220809124531-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.952583 | 326 | 3.4375 | 3 |
Re: Article: 'Sincere' Attacks: A Platonic Dialogue by Peter Goldsbury
I think I should make one important point before people start hunting for more red herrings.
Plato used the dialogue form as a literary & dialectical device, a form of argument, usually with two or more interlocutors. There is usually no conclusion to the argument, since the questions discussed were philosophical or ethical questions.
However, Plato never himself appears in any of his dialogues and it is very difficult to determine whether any one interlocutor actually expresses Plato's own views. So it is a great mistake to assume that the views expressed by the aikido practitioner in the dialogue are necessarily or actually the views of the author himself.
Much of the content is a distillation of many discussions here and on other Internet forums, especially those that purport to discuss the question whether aikido 'really' 'works'. | <urn:uuid:a0fa3859-76b9-4041-93f9-7d1270543045> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.aikiweb.com/forums/showpost.php?p=158762&postcount=14 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280899.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00576-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941202 | 190 | 1.734375 | 2 |
|The struggle for modern Turkey continues [Reuters]
Turkey's constitutional referendum in September, seen as a tussle between an Islamist-influenced government and its secular opponents, was heralded "a historic threshold on the way to advanced democracy and the supremacy of law".
Recep Tayyip Erdogan, the Turkish prime minister, and his ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP) had urged, successfully, a "yes" vote on the package of reforms that set to promote individual and human rights, increase access to the courts, and decentralise judicial authority.
On the losing end of this battle was the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) and the Republican People's Party (CHP), who staked their "no" campaign on the legacy of Turkey's secularising and modernising founder, Kemal Ataturk.
The European Union (EU), which one day may welcome Turkey into its ranks, approved of the reforms and joined Barack Obama, the US president, in welcoming the result.
The constitutional amendment marked a liberal transformation of the Turkish state and possibly the most reformist act Erdogan had ever taken.
Erdogan said that the changes were needed to strengthen democracy and bring Turkey closer to European norms, as the country continues its bid to join the European Union.
Erdogan, who enjoys strong popular support in Turkey, now will aim to see through the amendment process and cement, both his victory and his political career.
The biggest implications of the referendum, was they symbolic loss that the Turkish military establishment sufferd in the wake of Erdogans victory.
The Turkish military has been hugely popular during the Turkey's contemporary history, even though it has consistently intervened in civilan politcal rule.
The result of the referendum showed this trend is now changing, Turks are becoming increasingly reluctant to tolerate military disruptions in their democratic processes.
Source: Al Jazeera | <urn:uuid:08a23f1d-b837-43ca-a434-d1a3c4ce3e1f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/spotlight/aljazeeratop102010/2010/12/201012289521522819.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280730.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00245-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.969217 | 383 | 2 | 2 |
On the Tighten.co blog they have a recent post sharing a better dd() for your TDD - basically a better method for debugging the current state of object with a "dump and die" function.
An important part of every Laravel developer's debugging arsenal is the humble dd() helper function—"dump and die"—to output the contents of a variable and terminate execution of your code. In the browser, dd() results in a structured, easy-to-read tree, complete with little arrow buttons that can be clicked to expand or hide children of nested structures. In the terminal, however, it's a different story.
[...] Fortunately, it's simple to build your very own customized version of dd() to help tame your unwieldy terminal output—helping you find the details you're interested in quickly, without wearing out your trackpad (and your patience).
He provides two options you can use to help clean up the output of a "dump or die" method from the extensive results the current "dd" function provides:
- Option 1: Using Symfony's VarDumper (with custom configuration options)
- Option 2: Kint
Kint provides a few other helper methods you can use and easily configurable max and min depth to show in the output. | <urn:uuid:9e977119-c88d-48ad-b643-58d943345786> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.phpdeveloper.org/tag/kint | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00472.warc.gz | en | 0.870989 | 265 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Last week, Belfast City Council voted to flag the Union Jack only on designated days, sparking protest. What does this say about Northern Ireland today, and does it tally with the recent census results?
There is a very simple moral reason why the violent protests against the regulated flying of the Union flag at Belfast City Hall should be condemned.
Because they are fascist.
Freedom of expression and association depend on respect for the democratic process, the rule of law and the human rights of others. These universal norms have been defied by the campaign of intimidation in recent days.
But there is another, factual, reason. This is a conflict of 'generals fighting the last war' - including some actual paramilitary figures.
The 2011 census results, just out, show a reduced gap between the proportion of Protestants and Catholic residents in Northern Ireland. In the country’s chronically mistrustful political culture, some may think this an additional reason to be fearful. They should calm down.
First of all, this ‘rugby score’ tally, as the former Community Relations Council chief Duncan Morrow has called it —now 48 to the Protestants, 45 to the Catholics —is the product of a statistical wheeze which is quite disreputable. In 1991, 12 per cent of respondents had not indicated a religious affiliation—an obvious response to Northern Ireland becoming over time more secular and normal. So the official statisticians decided to give them one anyway. They introduced a new category in 2001, that of 'background'. Unsurprisingly, those who are atheist, agnostic or just wish to treat religion as a private matter has now increased to comprise 17 per cent of the population. Yet still they are being asked what their ‘background’ is, as below:
There is no good public-policy reason for this. The existing declarations required of job applicants have brought employment discrimination almost to vanishing point and, otherwise, public services should be allocated on patterns of social need, regardless of religious affiliation. It is contrary to the spirit of the 1995 Council of Europe Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, which stipulates that persons belonging to minority communities should not be discriminated against, whether they choose to be associated with that community or not. The convention also mandates that states, including the UK and Ireland, promote ‘intercultural dialogue’.
Some might argue that we need a tally of how many Protestants and Catholics there ‘really’ are because of its implications for any future border poll, as enabled by the Belfast agreement of 1998. Yet the poll idea only originated in 1973, because the then Northern Ireland secretary, William Whitelaw, had been politically embarrassed by revelations of his private talks with IRA leaders—including Gerry Adams and Martin McGuinness—the previous year, and Whitelaw felt he needed to buy off hostility from the Ulster Defence Association.
The poll, massively boycotted by Catholics (and this atheist), was not rerun in 1983 or 1993 as envisaged, because of its polarising effect. Yet the idea reappeared in the agreement, with the condition that it would only be pursued if the secretary of state deemed a ‘yes’ to unification likely.
The whole point of the agreement, however, was to transcend the old, either-or, British-Irish national-identity choice, which seemed the only option in 1921 but makes little sense in today’s cosmopolitan and globalised world. By allowing an egalitarian form of devolution—albeit with structures ill-designed to foster genuine power-sharing—the agreement defined a third constitutional option, which is far more popular than the polar alternatives.
Despite the widely-recognised poor performance of the Stormont executive, the 2010 Northern Ireland Life and Times Survey found that 58 per cent said the best future for the region was devolved government, as against 15 per cent for direct rule and 16 for Irish unification. This makes the argument over a border poll—and, by extension, the flag at City Hall—meaningless. So could we have a Scottish- or Welsh-style autonomous symbol, please?
There will always be only a minority in Northern Ireland who will define their identity as ‘Northern Irish’ (21 per cent, according to the census), since we do not inhabit an independent state. So rather than, as in 2011, asking individuals whether they are British/Irish/Northern Irish, far better in the 2021 census to ask a variant of the national identity question developed for multi-national Spain’s complex tapestry by the academic Luis Moreno. This asks survey respondents if they think themselves as Spanish only, more Spanish than X (say, Catalan), equally Spanish and X, less Spanish than X or only X.
The adapted Moreno question was once asked (in 2008) in the Northern Ireland Life and Times Survey, with British and Irish exclusive identities or combinations defining the five potential answers. It found that 58 per cent (again) of respondents saw themselves as some mixture of British and Irish (more, less or equal), rather than only one or the other. And so 45 per cent also answered ‘neither’ to the recurrent question as to whether they were ‘unionist’ (34 per cent) or ‘nationalist’ (20 per cent). The ‘neither’ – in other words, two fingers to the old political system – rose to two thirds of the ‘post-troubles’ generation of under 24s.
In 1985, ‘loyalists’ mobilised (equally fruitlessly) against the Anglo-Irish Agreement. Seeing the slogan ‘Ulster says no’ on a wall in Belfast, one smart graffiti writer added underneath a still appropriate rejoinder—a reference to a contemporary pop song by Frankie Goes to Hollywood—‘… but Frankie say relax’. | <urn:uuid:9f58bcfc-82a4-444f-9cbc-e5940553d85b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.opendemocracy.net/ourkingdom/robin-wilson/who-are-northern-irish-census-and-violence-over-flag | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00492-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954914 | 1,195 | 2.078125 | 2 |
The Winchester Treasure
Press Release: 02/05/2008
A talk by Sally Worrell of the Portable Antiquities Scheme
Discover the latest research on the amazing ‘Winchester Treasure’ at a talk to be held at Winchester’s Discovery Centre.
During her talk, Sally Worrell, Iron Age and Roman Advisor with the Portable Antiquities Scheme, will explore just why this cache of Iron Age gold ended up near Winchester. You will hear about related finds which help build up a picture of who might have buried it, and how it came to be discovered over 2,000 years later.
Rob Webley, Hampshire Finds Liaison Officer, said “Sally has been involved with this remarkable hoard since it was reported to her in 2000. I look forward to hearing her share the latest findings about this internationally important treasure.”
The talk will be held on Wednesday 7th May at 7pm at the Discovery Centre. It is part of the ‘Art and Artefacts’ exhibition which runs from 3rd May to 1st June at City Space in the same building.
Tickets can be purchased from City Space in the Discovery Centre, Jewry Street or by calling 01962 873 610. They cost £8.00 (£5 concessions, includes Library card holders). A £1 charge will be made for credit card purchases. Telephone 01962 873 610 for further details. | <urn:uuid:8157e4c3-78e7-400f-966d-335a8fec3542> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.winchester.gov.uk/news/2008/may/the-winchester-treasure/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719027.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00301-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953659 | 291 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Destination Marketing and Rebranding Tourism Images of Ipoh City, Malaysia
The study of destination image is a relatively recent addition to the field of tourism research. Several studies have illustrated that destination images do, indeed, influence tourist behaviour. In essence, the research suggests that those destinations with strong, positive images are more likely to be considered and chosen in the travel decision process. As a result, destination image has an important role in the various models of travel decision making developed to date. As more and more areas are developed for tourism, the destination choices available to consumers continue to expand. One of the most significant marketing challenges arising from this situation is the need for an effective destination positioning strategy. The research attempts to demonstrate that successful rebranding of destination images of Ipoh city in Malaysia will be valuable in understanding the destination selection process of the tourist’s markets and the relationship between destination image and preference or visitation intentions. In this manner, the various strengths, weaknesses, accuracies and inaccuracies of the existing destination images could be more effectively addressed in the design of the promotional strategies, locally and abroad. This research employs a survey among tourists and visitors to Ipoh about their perceptions of Ipoh’s destination images, destination attributes and revisit intentions. The research recommendations include understanding the market characteristics and selecting the tools correctly when designing the promotional mix; building brand loyalty through relationship marketing as visitors/tourists had an overall very good assessment of their trips to Ipoh; positioning and differentiating Ipoh from its competitors by bundling competitive advantages and offering more benefits for similar products; and creating an international icon that will be the must-see attraction and instantly recognizable, nationally and globally.
Keywords— Destination Marketing, Tourism Images. | <urn:uuid:3748dc2e-55c5-479a-8826-5c08fbd9ed8d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://worldresearchlibrary.org/abstract.php?pdf_id=1919 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.92559 | 361 | 1.5625 | 2 |
We took our students on a field trip recently, and several of the presenters asked us teachers, “How do you do it?” Most of them taught college, and our kids, while well behaved, are a very different audience. “How do you do it?” they exclaimed. Followed up with, “How do you have the energy?” and “How do you have the patience?”
I had a migraine yesterday, and I came back to work shaky and tired, so when a kid this morning murmurred, “I hate her,” because I wouldn’t let her turn off the air conditioning and roast us all in our own juices, I murmurred to myself, “I hate you more.” Not so she could hear me or anything. Just under my breath, in the style of someone wildly immature or completely insane. I don’t hate her as a general rule. I just hated her in that particular moment. Today, I obviously didn’t have the patience.
I don’t know how to answer these “How do you do it?” questions. Sometimes people ask that of someone with a serious illnesses or disability, and I always think it’s a dumb question. What else are you going to do when you get cancer? Sit down and cry and watch TV for the rest of your days? You do what you have to do. People want to survive. People are tough. Saying “How do you do it?” is also a way to distance someone, to suggest that they are doing something you could never do, and will never have to. Anyone can get sick. You would be sick if you were sick. You would manage. You would have to.
I guess everyone doesn’t have to teach high school, though. It is my own dumb fault that I have such a hard job. I like to do hard things, though. I actually, deep down, crave challenge.
The hardest thing for me at work is not being with the kids or repeating myself or planning appropriate, clear lessons (although that stuff is hard). It’s that I’m an introvert in a pretty extroverted job. When I’m really about to lose it, all I want to scream is, “Stop talking to me! Just leave me alone!” Which is a completely crazy thing to say to a room full of people whom you are supposed to be leading somewhere.
By April, I don’t have the energy, and I don’t have the patience, and I can’t stand anyone else talking to me about anything, even if I like you very much. I show up at work tired, and I leave more tired. The fact that I can teach at all is miraculous to me. It wears me down so much that it forces me to think saner and act saner.
When you’re exhausted, you have to take the day moment by moment, and not zoom ahead. You can’t be doing three things at once, like you usually would. You have to stop and make a joke, or break the tension, to bring energy back into the room, just so you won’t freak out or collapse. You have to compliment people and show unnecessary kindness because these are the only fruits you’ll find in the desert of fourth quarter. Fourth quarter, you are desperate. And desperation is actually much closer to sanity than you’d imagine. | <urn:uuid:deda7119-3ced-4fd6-b5fa-6ed3058481ec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://lizofoz.com/2010/04/06/how/?shared=email&msg=fail | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00479.warc.gz | en | 0.976535 | 738 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Inventors Alessandro Baticci and Rafal Zalech have begun a Kickstarter campaign to launch the product
A pair of experimental composers and performers based in Vienna have created a device designed to expand the sonic possibilities of stringed instruments. Alessandro Baticci and Rafal Zalech, two former students at the University of Music and Performing Arts in Vienna, claim that their Digitaize system allows violinists, cellists and bassists ’to control virtual sounds, use real-time auto pitch-correction [and] live-notation’ via a sensor-based digital mapping system. The device, weighing 20g, fits underneath the instrument’s fingerboard and can be linked to software on a smartphone or computer to enable recordings and notation for composition.
The duo, who compose and perform under the name Nimikry, have set up a Kickstarter campaign to launch the product. ’Being musicians ourselves we know the needs of creative people,’ said Baticci. ’We have designed our products from this point of view: they are from musicians for musicians. And they will always be.’
The Digitaize system allows users to control virtual sounds from their fingerboard; to shape digital samples; and to visualise the movements of their instrument on a computer screen. The device consists of a patented high-resolution sensor that keeps track of the player’s finger movements, with roughly 150 contact points under a single fingertip. The inventors claim it is ’the most powerful mapping system ever designed for any acoustic string instrument’. | <urn:uuid:69af27e9-b8cc-4b29-a992-2938cbb28423> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thestrad.com/news/new-technology-turns-violins-into-digital-music-creators/10512.article | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.924377 | 327 | 1.914063 | 2 |
It is often said that money cannot buy happiness. But money can make it easier to make someone happy. In pansori “Heungboga흥보가,” the poverty-stricken Heungbo decides to get whipped in place of someone else in return for some money. He was trying to feed his hungry children by borrowing rice from the town office when he was offered this job. Glad that he was finally able to provide for his children, he took up the offer on the spot and sang “Dontaryeong돈타령” a song in praise of money. There is another song about money in pansori “Chunhyangga춘향가.” When the new town administrator sent guards to bring Chunhyang to entertain him, Chunhyang bribed the officers to look the other way. The law enforcement officers sang “Dontaryeong” as they received bribe money from the girl, who used money as a means to protect herself and keep her chastity for her love Lee Mong-ryong이몽룡. The first song for today’s Sounds of Korea is LeeNalchi singing “Suspicion,” a rearrangement of “Dontaryeong.”
Suspicion/ Sung by LeeNalchi
MC: In the original “Dontaryeong” the money is said to have the power to determine life or death for someone, to bring fame and prestige. Anyone who was in desperate need of money can probably relate to these lines. No matter how proud a person is, money can make him grovel, and no matter how foolish a person is, money can make him appear learned. Money can even save a person’s life more often than not. The song we just heard from LeeNalchi is about modern man’s endless greed. In “Dongtaryeong” from which “Suspicion” was inspired, the greedy Nolbu놀부 grows jealous of Heungbo’s newfound wealth and goes in search of a swallow so he can become rich too. Coming up next is “Hwachojang화초장” by Toris. When Nolbu visits his younger brother’s house he spots a hwachojang, or a dresser with a flower decoration. The greedy man likes the dresser, not for its beautiful floral decoration, but for all the gold and treasures within. Rather than waiting for Heungbo to send the dresser later, Nolbu lugs the heavy furniture home himself. On his way home he tries to remember what the dresser is called and grumbles about his forgetfulness. Here’s cappella group Toris singing “Hwachojang.”
Hwachojang/ Sung by Toris
MC: Next up is a song titled “Here Comes the Royal Inspector.” In the Joseon period, there were secret royal inspectors who were appointed by the king to travel incognito to local towns and find out what local officials were up to. In the pansori “Chunhyangga춘향가,” this song is featured when Lee Mong-ryong appears at the city office of Namwon after he becomes a secret royal inspector for the Jeolla-do region. It happened to be the city administrator’s birthday and a huge celebration was underway during which the administrator, whose name was Byeon Hak-do변학도, was pondering whether to kill the lovely Chunhyang for not succumbing to his will. As his role as a secret royal inspector dictated, Lee Mong-ryong attended the party in disguise and issued a warning thinly veiled as a poem, which went “The wine in this gold jar is the blood of one thousand people and the food on this jade plate is the fat of ten thousand people.” Those who understood the true meaning of this poem made their way out of the party, but the new administrator who was too proud and stupid to realize the trouble he was in got arrested and imprisoned. When Lee Mong-ryong questioned Administrator Byeon about how he had tormented the townspeople, especially Chunhyang, he made all sorts of excuses to get himself out of the predicament. His sorry excuses are listed in “Here Comes the Royal Inspector” sung by Baek Hyun-ho.
Here Comes the Royal Inspector/ Sung by Baek Hyun-ho | <urn:uuid:054199a4-a58f-4130-bb1d-6793dc1f996d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://world.kbs.co.kr/service/contents_view.htm?lang=e&menu_cate=culture&id=&board_seq=417004 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.976034 | 1,011 | 2.046875 | 2 |
This paper examines how an entrepreneur's background relates to the performance of a new venture during the early stages, which has been a controversial issue in entrepreneurship research. This research is based on the data collected from 48 new start-up firms in Korea. The results of the analysis show that the relative profit tends to be high when an entrepreneur has more education and experience in the line of business, On the other hand, the profitability tends to be low when the entrepreneur has only start-up, managerial and high-growth experience without an educational background. A similar effect is shown in the growth of the firm, The positive effect is on growth if an entrepreneur has a professional knowledge of the product which is gained through previous work experience related to that product. If the entrepreneur has start-up, managerial and high-growth experience, bur lacks a knowledge of business, this results in a rather negative effect on the growth. The implications are that a good understanding of the product is essential to the success of the venture, whereas starting a new business with only limited previous experience related to the management dimension can be dangerous and may lead a firm to be unsuccessful. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. | <urn:uuid:eb9b7e6b-2a49-4f4a-a2d6-e5946f0e91d0> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://koasas.kaist.ac.kr/handle/10203/4145 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00157-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952302 | 237 | 1.921875 | 2 |
The Top Three Sports In The UK!
One of the top three sports in the UK has to be tennis, or as it was originally referred to, lawn tennis. Though it isn't one of the ultimate sports in the UK, it does have a huge following that culminates in a yearly tournament by the name of Wimbledon that takes place in the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club every year.
Modern tennis originated in the United Kingdom in the later 19th century and it grabbed hold of the upper-class before finally taking its popularity around the world. The game is played on a court that is split in two by a net. One player, or team, stands on either side of the net and tries to score points on the opposite team or player by getting the ball past the other player or team, but keeping the ball in bounds. The winner is typically the player or team that wins the first two or three matches in a set of five games and they must win by two games.
The sport is played, traditionally, by using a racquet, which is used to strike the ball towards the opponent's end of the court. The racquets can be made of wood, ceramics, graphite, or light weight metals like titanium and are strung through the head with animal gut by tradition, or synthetic strings. The balls are hollow rubber covered in felt and are a highly visible yellow.
Though the sport is hugely popular in England, some of the best players are from outside of the country. You have many current male stars to the game such as Roger Federer and Daniel Nestor, and past greats such as Andre Agassi. The sport is also hugely popular with females and has produced some of the best players in sports in the Williams sisters, Venus and Serena. This is also one of the rare sports that encourage players to play in teams of mixed gender.
Field tennis isn't the only form of tennis either. There is table tennis, sometimes referred to ping-pong, where the game is played on a table that represents a miniaturized version of a full size tennis court, small paddles instead of racquets and a small plastic ball that easily bounces. Another form of tennis that's referred to one of the ultimate sports of the UK is Turbo Tennis which is like a regular tennis match that is speed up and played over the course of a half an hour. This game was created by some of the best players in sports when it comes to regular tennis and has started to catch a real following from a younger crowd.
Even though it is one of the top three sports in the UK, tennis is universally know through the world and is enjoyed by people from every culture and background. The sport keeps growing in popularity through the formal channels as well as people creating new variations on the game and the rules by trying to add fun twists to the traditional ruleset.
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When it comes to your hair this is one of the most important features of the face besides the smile/teeth. So when you get your hair bleached it's important to know when its okay to perm it and when it is not. If you...
No comments yet. | <urn:uuid:d52ef3c1-9b9b-42f1-85eb-5eac89634d7a> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://hubpages.com/sports/The-Top-Three-Sports-In-The-UK | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00187-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97976 | 652 | 2.203125 | 2 |
nTopology Element – There’s a new focus on the use of lattice structures in engineering forms but both defining and designing these forms is a complex field. We look at a system that is specialising in taking the complexity out of the process
There’s a growing movement that’s exploring the potential of lattice structures in the engineering world. While much of this is driven by the rise of more sophisticated additive manufacturing processes, it’s by no means restricted to it.
The reason that lattices have become a focal point is that they provide a way of improving engineering performance whilst allowing the user to strip mass out of a part.
Mass, of course, means energy. Energy to produce the part, energy to move the part. Less energy means lower costs and more efficient structures.
And, although the benefits of lattice structures have long been established, the problem has always been that fabricating them has been incredibly difficult. This is where additive manufacturing comes into play as it has the potential to manufacture these forms with less difficulty (let’s be clear, growing a part with lasers and titanium powder is by no means “easy”).
There is also the issue that traditional CAD systems struggle when it comes to lattice forms. Yes, you’ll see some start to introduce latticing functions (Creo and NX have introduced such tools recently), but once you get past the ‘swap out some solid geometry for a recurring pattern’, you hit a performance brick wall.
This is where nTopology comes in.
Founded by Bradley Rothenberg in 2015, the company is developing its Element system, which is focussed on the creation of lattice structures to solve a wide range of engineering challenges, in an efficient manner.
At present, nTopology Element doesn’t have any geometry design tools in the traditional sense, so a form is required as a starting point. As you might expect, this is typically modelled up in a more traditional CAD system then exported to nTopology Element, using STEP, IGES or Parasolid data format.
The system will also import a mesh via STL or OBJ, but, personally, I’d prefer to start with analytic geometry then use Element’s meshing tools where needed.
It’s key to note that while there are tools available to extract data (in terms of reference faces) inside nTopology Element, if you’re looking to optimise specific portions of your design, you might want to consider splitting these into separate bodies or parts before you export. Once you’ve done that, open up Element and import your starting geometry.
The workflow for nTopology Element is unlike traditional CAD tools. After all, we’re working with very different forms and very different parameters for the design of parts. The goal here is to allow you to develop the lattice structure so that it’s present where needed, in the form needed.
nTopology Element in use
We’re going to run through a pretty simple project to give you a flavour of how nTopology Element works, using a brake lever. Here, the loads and boundary conditions are well known.
We’re aware of where and how it’s constrained and where the basic forces act.
A lattice in nTopology Element is made of up of nodes and beams within a 3D space. Its goal is to create these in the shape that you want, as a very simple geometric element (similar to using beam modelling in FEA). This keeps things light and efficient, only creating more complex geometry when needed.
There are a wealth of options for lattices in nTopology Element, both in terms of cell type (the geometry that’s repeated to build up the design space) and how it’s constructed.
They can be built from a single surface, between two surfaces (think sandwich panels), to cover just the surface of a set of geometry or to fill that geometry entirely.
Your selection of the lattice type and how it’s constructed will depend entirely on your application. nTopology has built Element so that you’re dealing with very lightweight, functional representations of your eventual mesh. As you start to build up your lattice, you’ll see it represented on screen as a mid-beam element. This means you can fine tune, adapt and edit your lattice in a very efficient manner.
While the system focusses on automatic generation of these forms, it also includes a wide range of more manual editing tools, whether that’s to clean up the lattice, add in or remove beams where needed, adjust nodes to tweak the lattice or to merge separate forms together.
All of the Edit tools are found under the Edit toolbar and will allow you the finite control you’ll need.
Once your lattice or lattices are in place as lightweight models, it’s time to turn our attention to turning these into thickened geometry. But, before we do, it’s worth exploring what modifiers do, as they have a heavy influence on the next part of the process.
nTopology Element – modifiers are key
When developing a lattice, you have a couple of options on how to guide both the form of your lattice and the thickness of each individual beam across your part.
To guide this, you need to create Modifiers. These will control two aspects. The first and most widely applicable is the use of modifiers to vary the thickness of each beam in your lattice — adding more thickness where stresses focus.
The second is using modifiers to guide the size of the lattice cell across the form. As the latter is a lesser used function, we’ll focus on the former.
These modifiers can be added into the system manually or using imported FEA result data. To create them manually, you have three types to choose from: point, vector or surface.
Point will allow you to add a point (or series of) to the model. You choose the position, then define its range of influence as a spherical radius outward from that point. You can also adapt how that range influences thickness with a drop off graph.
Vector modifiers are only really used in a couple of instances to drive lattice build variables using a vector in a specific direction.
Surface is perhaps the most useful modifier as it allows you to select a surface (or group of connected surfaces) to use as the driving point for lattice thickness variation. These surfaces can be imported as part of the initial import, as a separate import, or can be created after the fact, using the Extract operation.
While the manual modifiers allow you to dive in and use your engineering knowledge to make a best guess, another approach is to take advantage of stress analysis tools to find exactly where your lattice needs to be beefed up.
Element is starting to gain some stress analysis tools of its own and can also connect up with SimSolid or import data from Abaqus. The built-in stress analysis tools allow you to conduct a basic linear static study on your part to find out where stress focal points are.
They’re pretty basic in the current form, but it saves working with another system and the usual fun and games that go with exporting and importing data.
nTopology Element – adding meat to the bones
At this point in the workflow, we now have the lattice defined as a lightweight beam model that we’ve finessed into the correct form. We also have modifiers generated to guide where we need more material in the eventual part. So let’s crack on.
In the first instance, you’re able to create a uniform thickness lattice, which is pretty trivial to do. Load up the Thicken operation, select the lattice, add your thickness value and you’re done.
Where things get complicated is when it comes to using a modifier to generate a more complex lattice. Here, you need to ID the lattice model, the modifier and add in your values for the minimum and maximum thickness. This is then combined with the range information from your modifier and applied across the lattice.
There’s also the ability to have a number of different lattices present in the same project. This means you can define multiple thickening values for each, handle them separately, then combine them when you need to.
nTopology Element – tidying up your parts
The final stage of the part design process is less about generating complex forms and more about tidying them up to ensure that the resulting lattice-based part fulfills requirements.
One of the major issues here is that while the lattice can be designed inside a structural volume, you’ll find that the thickening operations will grow the lattice outside of this volume.
In some instances, this might be acceptable but in others, you might want to use the originating geometry to trim back your lattice to give you a clean, efficient engineered form.
The Utility menu in nTopology Element is where you’ll find these tools and it’s worth spending some time with them as they’ll let you do more interesting things with your parts.
One example that comes to mind is a part that has a variable thickness lattice but also features a number of required engineering features. Using a variable thicken operation, it’s possible to over thicken around the required features.
This will blow out the lattice, but a simple Boolean with the original geometry will trim things back nicely and give you solid geometry where you need it. The image above demonstrates how we’ve got the engineering features near the pivot end and the lattice emerging into the part in the other end.
Exporting your parts
Of course, the final stage is exporting your component — whether that’s getting it additively manufactured, using the data for a casting pattern or, indeed, importing it into a more mainstream CAD system for inclusion in further engineering work.
After all, we’re creating lattice structures that are lightweight, efficient and easily usable in a wide range of engineering disciplines, from the micro structures needed for medical implants to using the same set of tools and design parameters to scheme out a roof canopy.
At present, Element includes three export options. The most commonly used, I suspect, is the old school STL or OBJ export.
To create these, you need to mesh the part. This is a complex process in many cases, with potentially massive facet counts. Handily, Element includes tools to help you mesh, refine and reduce your mesh where needed in order to get it to a useful size, without compromising on the fidelity of the results.
The second option is a CAD export (available in the Pro version). This uses the thicken model to send proper CAD geometry to a STEP file, though, again, these are going to pretty hefty in size. And, with CAD systems increasingly adding in the ability to work more efficiently with mesh data, will be needed less and less.
The last option is to generate a LTCX file, which is essentially a recipe to rebuild the lattice in the receiving system.
nTopology is amongst a handful of startups exploring the potential for a different breed of design that takes advantage of new ways of manufacturing parts.
While we have already seen traditional CAD vendors attempt to shoehorn lattice design tools into their existing solutions, the reality is that traditional CAD systems aren’t the ideal place to explore this new world, and are unlikely to provide truly efficient and effective tools.
Element is in its first release and there are still aspects of the system that need to be fleshed out. Such as easier selection of geometry (particularly in the analysis tools) and a greater attention to the learning aspects of the system (although additional tutorials and a more in-depth help system is in the works).
That said, it’s perfectly possible to dive into the system and experiment freely to see where you can get to — and this is absolutely fundamental.
Lattice design is something that very few of us have ever been trained in or even considered, but the reality is that it’s worth exploring both in general terms, but also in specific reference to projects we have underway.
Now that we have the methods of manufacturing these types of forms (both using additive as well as more traditional casting methods), we need to explore how to design them and find out what sort of benefits we can derive. To do that will require a lot of learning, a lot of experimentation and a lot of iteration — all of which Element enables very well.
nTopology has two products — Element Free is, as you might guess, free with some limitations. The Pro version adds another layer of import and export, automation, with greater control over your lattices and post processing tools.
If you’re curious about lattice design, I would encourage you to download the Free version and see what you can do.
The software is easy to figure out and it’ll be even easier to figure out with the forthcoming help system.
nTopology has built a remarkable system that looks to be unique in an emerging market that soon may become critical to many in the near future.
What’s key is that it’s eschewed some of the common conventions of how engineering is done with geometry. It’s built a system that makes the use of these incredibly useful forms more efficient by focussing development on a set of tools that allow the user to experiment, refine and learn, rather than trying to make it fit into an existing CAD system.
Workflow: Using Element to lightweight a part with nTopology’s Element system
nTopology Element is a powerful design tool for creating complex geometry for engineering applications. One of Element’s best strengths is its ability to lightweight parts quickly and efficiently.
This workflow is a step-by-step process showing how to do just that. From preparing models, creating and modifying lattice structures and optimising structures with analysis tools, this guide shows the different workflows and capabilities Element provides to engineers.
The part being optimised is an aerospace component under consistent and heavy load. The goal of this redesign is to generate a part that offers significant weight reduction that can still withstand a high loading condition with a minimum factor of safety.
Due to design constraints, the shape of the part needs to be maintained and connection geometry for pins needs to be preserved.
Through lattice structures, optimisation and analysis with the system, a volume reduction of 60 per cent is achieved while the stress is more efficiently distributed over the whole part compared to the original. | <urn:uuid:d6e5efc2-fbc8-41f2-84d4-b6f0230ce61a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://develop3d.com/reviews/review-ntopology-element-1-0-cad-manufacturing-engineering/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.93418 | 3,069 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Section 1. Leerburg University's How We Manage Dogs in Our Home. Leerburg University is an online school dedicated to dog training. While most of its courses cost money, it offers one class for beginners: "How We Manage Dogs in Our Home."
2. Wagfield Academy. Wagfield Academy offers three free courses that you can take advantage of. The goal of the academy is to provide affordable dog training, and that's exactly what it does.
3. American Kennel Club (AKC) Training. The AKC is a registry of purebred dog pedigrees and is most known for its extravagant dog shows. Even if you don't want to show your dog, you can benefit from reading through the Training section on their site.
4. Blue Cross Dog Advice. The UK's Blue Cross has an entire section on its website dedicated to dog advice. This section doesn't only include training tips---it also houses dozens of articles related to dog care, health, pet hacks, and more.
5. Puppy Raiser Course for Retrieving Independence. You can find thousands of helpful courses on Udemy, including some that pertain to dog training. This specific course is completely free, and comes with several lectures to help you better understand dogs and training in general.
Between All Day Dog Adventures’ online courses range from about $100 to $180 and typically include between four and six once-a-week sessions. …
Let’s Let’s look at some of the best free dog training videos on the Internet! 1. Dr. Dunbar’s Dog Behavior and Training Trainer’s …
Training Dog training is the application of behavior analysis which uses the environmental events of antecedents (trigger for a behavior) and consequences to modify the dog behavior, either for it to assist in specific activities or undertake particular tasks, or for it to participate effectively in contemporary domestic life. Free online dog training guide.
Training Udemy also offers "bite-sized learning" dog training modules for free, which includes a 15-minute long behavior and training problems video sampled from a class that costs around $60. You can find
Longer Free Dog Training Online? You Bet! UPDATE: All good things come to an end, I’m afraid. The Free Trial is no longer available, but for just $1 you get exactly the same access for 3 days (plus some extra bonuses!) Amazing dog training no longer costs the earth
Become Many people who want to work with dogs choose to become veterinary technicians or veterinarians, but there are several other career paths. You could become a dog trainer, either working for an obedience program or training animals to work in TV and film. Many dog trainers also work with service dogs for people with special needs.
Commands GET ONLINE PUPPY TRAINING TODAY FOR CHEWING, NIPPING, POTTY TRAINING, LEASH TRAINING, AND MORE! 3-4 Months Old Your puppy is starting to grow up quickly and you can start to work in more complex training routines with the commands they’ve learned! Introduce Stay and Leave-It commands to your puppy! Start command combinations …
Course Dog First Aid (Online) Empowering you with the skills and confidence to help. Written by experts for all dog-lovers This course covers the full syllabus for the 6 hour Canine First Aid course (plus much more) and conforms with the latest RECOVER guidelines for veterinary CPR. Ideal for those working with dogs and pet owners to gain the skills and confidence to help in an …
Training 7 Best Dog Training Courses [2022 FEBRUARY] [UPDATED] 1. Top Dog Training Courses (Udemy) 2. Simple Solutions for Common Dog Behavior and Training Problems (Udemy) 3. Dr. Ian Dunbar’s SIRIUS Dog Training Academy (Udemy) 4. Growl Class – A Workshop Demo for Reactive Dogs (Udemy) 5. Brandon McMillan Teaches Dog Training (MasterClass) 6.
Training Our RSPCA-approved free dog training mini-course is for you. The six easy-to-follow video lessons are led by RSPCA Dog Trainer Heather. You’ll learn key force-free training techniques, including: How to teach your dog to sit and drop. The easiest way to train loose-lead walking. Coming on cue – even in exciting or distracting environments.
Training Whether you enroll in our Certified Dog Trainer Course online, when you complete it you will be prepared to: Train dogs professionally and with confidence Be prepared for our advanced training courses Answer questions from dog owners and provide quality / thoughtful / helpful answers Establish and market your own dog training business
Online This course uses the following special training tools. These need to be purchased by you and can be found online. Please order these prior to taking your first lesson. You can click on the item to find them online. Training Leash Freedom harness Limited Slip Collar 2 Food Stuffable Toys Clicker Instructor: Jan Crary, CPDT-KA, CGC Evaluator
Training Training. The key to a good dog is a well-trained dog. When you train together, an unspoken language builds between you through words, hand signals, whistles and …
Rescue Includes everything you need to know to turn your puppy into the perfect companion. Cost: Free. View Course Details. Rescue Refresher. Rescue Dogs. Over 5 Months. Build on existing, or create new skills and form a great relationship with your …
The free subscription on his online academy website offers eight free courses and comes with two books, Before You Get Your Puppy and After You Get Your Puppy. PS: His behavioral problems crash course is perfect for when you've adopted a dog from a troubled home, or else one that was just poorly trained.
How Long Does It Take to Train a Dog? Most online dog training courses last about six weeks, but you shouldn’t expect your dog to be fully trained at the end of just one course. Many dog trainers work with their clients for years and expect owners to keep up with training even after the courses are completed.
This fun and informative online course will cover all the basics of dog care from training guides to first aid information. Start Right Now! Taking multiple courses? Save with our platinum program . A dog is a wonderful, entertaining and loyal companion.
We have been creating “The Online Dog Trainer”, a video website with over 250 videos of myself working with dogs and puppies. On the 1 st July 2014 we launched the 3 day FREE trial of the website. Now you can actually get proper, FREE dog training online, from a real professional dog trainer. | <urn:uuid:f43351f1-a967-4a5b-8bff-e9ab554b4148> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://getallcourses.net/dog-training-age/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571190.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810131127-20220810161127-00079.warc.gz | en | 0.933642 | 1,401 | 1.75 | 2 |
A sudden contraction of the triceps muscle caused by a smart tap on its tendon when the forearm hangs loosely at a right angle with the arm.
Synonyms: elbow jerk, elbow reflex.
(05 Mar 2000)
triceps muscle of arm, triceps muscle of calf, triceps muscle of hip < Prev | Next >
triceps surae muscle, triceps surae reflex, trich-
© mondofacto 2008-10 | about us | advertise with us | disclaimer | privacy & cookies | contact us | <urn:uuid:d972c9ea-d0ef-4cfd-8392-9919a38588df> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.mondofacto.com/facts/dictionary?elbow+jerk | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00523-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.772531 | 110 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Martin Docherty-Hughes, MP for West Dunbartonshire, has paid tribute to those who have lost their lives in conflict ahead of Remembrance Sunday.
The SNP MP spoke in a House of Commons debate commemorating the Centenary of the end of the First World War.
The debate took place after parliament had been suspended to allow MPs to attend an Armistice remembrance service at St Margaret’s Church in Westminster.
Leading the debate on behalf of the SNP, Martin Docherty-Hughes said that the sacrifice of everyone who lost their lives in WW1 must be remembered, paying tribute to his great uncle James who fell on 29 September 1918.
The MP for West Dunbartonshire called on parliamentarians to commemorate the military and civilian casualties of war by committing to peace which he said will allow democracy to flourish.
Speaking in the Commons, Martin Docherty-Hughes MP said:
“The greatness of war is the greatness of loss, and only as time passes do we come to understand the profound and unintended historical consequences of those individual loses.
“As we commemorate the end of the First World War, let us remember that the victory of war was no solace to those lost. War comes about for many reasons, but at the end of it are always the dead – both military and civilian.
“For all our disagreements, let us commit again to that word, peace – for without it we live in a world in which democracy cannot flourish.”
Martin Docherty-Hughes MP will be attending commemoration services taking place across West Dunbartonshire on Remembrance Sunday to mark the end of the First World War. | <urn:uuid:a21b4846-3547-4f3e-98e8-a6b5e4e5bb2e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://martindocherty.scot/2018/11/07/martin-commemorates-centenary-of-the-armistice/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.956915 | 344 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Misty uses a lot of seventh chords.
Let's pick a quick minute to
explain what a seventh chord is.
We're gonna start on this G over here.
Find these three black keys,
in between the first and
second one there's a G over here.
Every note can have its own scale.
Okay, and a scale is simply a succession
of notes that you climb
up from the bottom note.
A seventh is simply seven notes
away from that bottom note.
Two three four five six seven.
So put your hand there, the pinky here,
the thumb here, and we're gonna play
this note over here in the middle just
a skip away from that top seventh note.
So this is a G seven chord right now.
Now we're gonna do the same thing but
we're going to move the whole,
just keep your hand like at
a cookie cutter shape here.
And we're gonna do the same pattern, but
this time with the pinky now on
a C which is these two black keys.
Next to these two black keys over here,
that's a C, and
we're going to have
the same kind of a shape.
One two three four five six seven.
And then we skip a note.
So I want to you to get comfortable
between moving from this G,
the two black keys here.
With the seven and look at the three
black keys that's right next to that.
And then to there.
See if you can practice going back and
forth to this
a couple of times.
Because that's a very important opening,
Once you're comfortable with that
let's add your right hand.
Now right hand.
See remember this G over here.
these three black keys above here.
Again the first white key between
the first two black keys here.
That's a G as well.
Skip to that and now we're gonna move to
a B which is a note that's
the same as the top of this.
See that, three black keys.
That's a B.
Three black keys here.
So pretty easy to find G, G,
So practice going back and
forth between these two.
Pretty nice hey.
Ooh, you're sounding like Misty already.
Okay so now let's take a look at the right
hand, it's a little tricky here.
Skip over to this G, a lot of Gs here.
Okay, now the next note we're gonna do,
we're gonna have to skip to a black key,
you're gonna put your thumb over here.
That's gonna help us reach up for
this higher note in the melody.
Look for these three black keys here and
in between the second and
third key is an A.
So G, A, B flat,
that's what this is called.
A, A, then play the G and
back to the A, G, E, C.
And then you put your second
finger over to play the A.
So let's review that again.
Find those three notes here and
then we'll find this A up here.
So we got two As, a G,
back to the A again.
And now we're gonna skip notes, E, C, E.
So get that comfortable there and
now the left hand, we're gonna go back.
Remember this [SOUND] chord that we found,
the very first chord?
[SOUND] Instead of going down,
now we're gonna go up.
[SOUND] Okay, so find the same chord
that you found going down, but up,
[SOUND] with one little difference.
Now instead of of this note,
[SOUND] we're gonna lower it.
This is gonna [SOUND]
change this to a minor C7.
so almost the same chord but
just a little lower.
Then the last thing we're going to do
is jump down, same chord shape but
this time you're going to find an F.
See these three black keys.
All right, so
you can kind of compare this
[SOUND] to this [SOUND].
Once again the progression's
gonna be here [SOUND].
Find the C but instead of this move
this down to a B flat and then F.
One more time for the G three black keys.
You can stop here to find your place if
you need to.
move to the B flat here.
And then hand over.
You all set for the next part?
All right, here we go.
So now what we're gonna do
is we're gonna take over.
See where this E is?
The right hand's gonna take over here.
Take the first two notes
just like we did earlier and
then we're gonna jump to
your thumb over here.
So jump skip that note,
skip the note, skip the note.
You see how we're skipping notes all
the way up to the top?
Next to each other skip, skip, skip, skip.
That's the next part of the melody.
So after you get this thumb under.
Now we're gonna play Gs three times
F and then back to the G.
Lets just do up to there.
Now the left hand, [SOUND] when last
we left it it was left with this chord.
Now we're gonna do something similar
that we did with the C7 chord and
lower this to an E flat.
[SOUND] See that, okay?
[SOUND] We're gonna
change that to that and
then we're gonna jump
to a new type of chord.
Similar shape but this time we're gonna
do mostly black keys, watch this.
[SOUND] From here,
you see these three black keys here?
Go to the top one of these three
black keys, that's a B flat, okay.
Now, do you see these
three black keys above it?
Go to the middle one.
That's an A flat,
that's a seventh away from this B flat,
and then we're going to play
this F [SOUND], which is the white key
right next to the first black key here.
So again this is a little tricky here.
From here, practice to go to here.
[SOUND] What I like to do is I like to
visually use my thumb to visualize here,
and I'm gonna look for this black
key in the middle which is A flat.
[SOUND] And keep my hand in that shape,
you should find it pretty easily.
from here we're going to play our melody.
Now watch out, I'm gonna take
it over with my right hand, so
I have to let go of my
left hand note from here.
Thumb under, skips skips, now lower this.
Now look for that A flat here.
Then you come down to an F,
now follow along with me if you can.
E, now the left hand is going to
go to that, remember the C7 chord?
Nice and easy.
Now we're going to skip down,
see how the thumb skips down to a G here?
You're gonna play an A on bottom to
go with the right hand.
Let's review that again.
then we're gonna go to an F in the right
hand and the left hand is gonna jump way,
See these two black keys here.
That's the C.
[SOUND] Okay and there's a D7 here.
Go to an A.
Play the A one more time and then
the left hand's gonna go back to the very
first chord we learned,
the G, remember that?
And the right hand's gonna play a B here.
Play those three notes then return to a C.
And left hand you're gonna
jump to a C as well.
Two black keys, two black keys.
Okay go to a G which is between
the first two black keys.
And look for these next two white keys.
The one next to that gives you
a beautiful cord to end like that.
And that's how you play Misty. | <urn:uuid:816a040c-505e-4641-b338-e22feb26b56e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://artistworks.com/hugh-sung/learning/77797 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00209-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.902225 | 1,802 | 2.328125 | 2 |
The Morphological Awareness pilot was implemented by the Queen Rania Foundation, in partnership with the Ministry of Education and the Queen Rania Teacher Academy. Its aim is to improve students’ Arabic language outcomes, mainly comprehension, through explicit instruction on Arabic morphemes.
Currently, in the Jordanian national curriculum for the early grades, morphemes are taught through pattern recognition and explicit rules are not explained to the students. This program trained teachers on how to make explicit reference to morphemes and how to teach their students morphological rules in language.
A randomized control trial was conducted in 20 schools -the pilot was only implemented in 10 of them - targeting 2nd to 5th-grade students over a period of one academic year.
Both treatment and control schools followed the national curriculum. However, treatment school teachers were given a teacher booklet that included new methods of teaching Arabic morphemes and instructions on the application of such approaches. Additionally, the students were supplied with booklets that included exercises on morphemes.
The pilot’s impact on students’ learning outcomes and attitudes towards the new method of learning were measured through baseline and endline assessments, in addition to satisfaction surveys.
Focus groups conducted by the Queen Rania Foundation following the conclusion of the pilot program, found that there was a significant positive shift in student learning attitudes. Teachers indicated that students exhibited an increase in class attendance and participation. Students were better prepared for the classes, showed more attentiveness and we more willing to work in teams.
Additionally, low-performing students became more likely to ask their teachers and other students for help while high-performing students became more comfortable with the idea of sharing their knowledge and guiding their fellow classmates.
Surveys showed that 90% of 2nd and 3rd grade students, as well as 71% and 65% of 4th and 5th grade students felt that their teachers are making Arabic classes more fun. There was also an 18 percentage point increase in the number of students who indicated that they always like participating in Arabic classes.
Overall, there was an improvement in student performance as indicated by assessments that were administered by the Queen Rania Foundation following the conclusion of the pilot program. Furthermore, 70% of the students reported that the morphemes pilot helped them learn Arabic and insights from the focus groups indicated that there was an improvement in students’ reading and comprehension skills, as well as their ability to form words and sentences.
Although the students and teachers indicated that they enjoyed and benefited from the pilot, the outcomes did not reflect significant learning gains. This could be due to several reasons, including the small sample size, selection bias, and the need to develop bespoke assessment tools. Further exploration and a more comprehensive evaluation of the influence of this pilot and how to better integrate it in the curriculum need to take place before this program can be considered for scale. | <urn:uuid:58e83728-a9df-4f4d-86a5-40c1c3b95498> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.qrf.org/en/what-we-do/program-design-and-implementation/morphemes | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.980585 | 591 | 3.234375 | 3 |
On desktop or in the Facebook app, go to your brand’s page. (You can also create stories from Facebook’s mobile Business Suite app, which allows you to schedule stories in advance.) 2. If you’re using the Facebook app, click on the “Create a Story” link under the “Create a Post” button.
At the top of your News Feed, tap Create Story. Add your photo or video. Tap a story type at the top (example: Selfie, Boomerang), select a photo or video from your camera roll, or tap to take a new photo or video. Tap Text in the top right, then add your text.
And on Facebook desktop, Stories appear at the top of the right-hand sidebar. To view someone’s Facebook Story, just tap on their profile picture. If there’s a Story that you haven’t yet seen, the user’s profile picture will have a blue ring around it. Facebook Stories appear in full-screen.
Step 1: Go to the Stories section, which is on the top of your News Feed. Step 2: Then, click + Add to Story. Step 3: Now, type an update or add a photo or video from your computer. Step 4: Further, click the audience selector to choose who all can see your story.
Check for a Facebook Update
Facebook is updated pretty often, and not keeping up to date may be why some features like Facebook Stories are not working. … Press the “Update” option next to the Facebook app (if there is one). If you don’t see an update option, your app is already updated to the latest version.
Just log in to Facebook on your computer, go to your Settings drop-down menu, and select the option toward the bottom that says “Switch to New Facebook.”
To share a feed post to your story, just tap the paper airplane button below the post, just as you would to send it via Direct. At the top, you’ll now see the option to create a story. Tap it to see the feed post as a sticker with a customized background ready to share to your story.
How To Update Facebook on PC? The first step is to go to the Facebook page. Then press on the drop-down option and tap on edit. After that press on the sub-menu to update the public info.
Facebook removed its app from the Microsoft Store on Windows 10 in March 2020. Now, just over a year later, a new Facebook app has appeared in the Microsoft Store. The new Facebook app is still in beta, and it’s different than the previous Facebook app.
Posting an Instagram story from your computer is easy. And if you are an average user, there is no need to resort to third-party apps. Just make sure to upload photos or videos to your computer before you share them.
Go to Instagram.com. Go to developer mode on either Safari or Google Chrome (see Mac and PC sections above for detailed steps). Click on the camera in the top left. Choose an image or video you’d like to add to your story.
Account Type. The ‘Add post to story’ button is only available for public accounts. If you are trying to share a post from a private account, you will not see the button in the sharing menu under the post. Check posts from other accounts, preferably from a celebrity, and see if you can view the resharing option.
Head to the Settings menu (via the link on the right side of your Page’s top nav), and you’ll be able to unlock a host of customization options. Perhaps the most important: The ability to restrict the visibility of your Page, which you can control under the “General” settings tab.
If you’re wondering why your Facebook newsfeed looks a bit different today, it may be because the sites you follow have been affected by a technical glitch. The ‘pages’, which are different to a personal profile, have been hit by a bug which is preventing them from posting updates to the site.
With the Facebook app download for your PC, it’s never been easier to keep up with the ever-growing online community. … Installing Facebook on your Windows device is a quick process, and the file is about 164 MB in size. Once you have the program on your PC, you’ll like the usability.
Check your antivirus
This is usually the reason why you’re having the Facebook not working issue. You should check your antivirus to make sure it isn’t blocking Facebook. If it is, trying putting it in the whitelist, or disable the antivirus program temporarily (be careful for what you’re browsing when it’s off).
More than a year ago, in February 2020, Facebook removed their app for Windows 10 from the Microsoft Store, recommending users use the web instead. … You can still access all of your friends and favorite Facebook features by logging in through your browser at www.facebook.com.
There are two ways to post Facebook photos to IG: Using Facebook’s Creator Studio or by posting from your Facebook Page. For both options to work, you need to have Business accounts and use a Facebook desktop. Also, you need to have your accounts linked. … Tap on the Instagram icon at the top to create an Insta post.
The main reason why you can’t share someone else’s Instagram Story is that you’re not tagged in it. Namely, Instagram allows you to reshare a Story only if you were tagged in it by the person who posted it. … The Story expired – as you know, Instagram Stories last for 24 hours.
how to add story on facebook page
how to add story on facebook pc 2020
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how to share facebook story to news feed | <urn:uuid:0dfcd89e-2af8-4f51-9a23-04a6c535b128> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://publicaffairsworld.com/how-to-add-story-on-facebook-pc/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572870.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817062258-20220817092258-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.897011 | 1,269 | 1.617188 | 2 |
Bitcoin was trading as high as $774 on the New York-based itBit exchange, up almost 1% on the day and the highest since February 2014, having climbed almost 9% in the past month.
Bitcoin is a cash alternative that can be used for moving money across the globe quickly and anonymously, with no need for a central authority to process transactions. It has climbed around 80% so far this year, far exceeding its 35% rise in 2015.
Indian prime minister Narendra Modi announced a shock move on 8 November to ditch 500 and 1 000 rupee notes – worth a combined $256 billion – that he said were fuelling corruption, being forged and even paying for attacks by militants who target India.
The cryptocurrency's value has been highly volatile – after rocketing above $1 100 in 2013, it had fallen to around $150 by early 2015. But it has since stabilised, staying above $500 for the past six months.
Copyright 2017 Reuters Limited. All rights reserved. Republication and redistribution of Reuters content is expressly prohibited without the prior written consent of Reuters. Reuters shall not be liable for any errors or delays in the content, or for any actions taken in reliance thereon.
Our comments policy does not allow anonymous postings. Read the policy here | <urn:uuid:65f3c2e7-e053-4242-8835-c6fa572013b4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.itweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=158231&utm_source=Recommended&utm_medium=Web&utm_term=Bitcoin&utm_content=Bitcoin&utm_campaign=Recommended | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280266.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00498-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960072 | 258 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Surviving a Terminal Diagnosis: the Ultimate Lifelong Learning Experience
MetadataShow full item record
Every year in the United States, cancer accounts for one in four deaths. As the pool of those who have received diagnoses increases, more individuals can be encountered who have survived a terminal diagnosis or exceeded expected time limits for survival. Perhaps even more extraordinary, many of these consider it the â best thingâ that ever happened to them. These are the modern eras' â mythicalâ heroes; they return bearing maps for our own eventual journeys.
This study used a grounded theory research approach to illuminate the phenomenon of terminal diagnosis survivorship as evidenced in the psycho/social/spiritual learning process. The unit of analysis is the psychosocial and spiritual learning process as discovered and developed from three cases of individuals who described being positively transformed after receiving a terminal diagnosis. Three research questions were examined: (a) What are the components (e.g., coping strategies, problem solving techniques, emotion management) of the learning process employed by three cancer patients who have experienced a terminal diagnosis? (b) In what ways did the phenomenal meaning of their lives change as they coped with the trauma of a terminal diagnosis followed by remission persisting a significant time past doctors' predictions? (c) What changes did they make in their lives, viewed from a holistic perspective, including thought processes, healthcare, emotion, spirituality and changes in their social lives? A comparative analysis of tape recorded interviews yielded the data resulting in a six-phase model of terminal diagnosis survivorship delineating a psycho/social/spiritual transformational learning process.
Death acceptance emerged as a central organizing construct facilitating transformational changes in those given a terminal diagnosis resulting in a constellation of attitudinal and behavioral change. This model challenges and extends theory in adult learning and post traumatic survival by challenging the heavily rational and cognitive based theories of these fields, emphasizing the importance of emotions, altered states, extrarational experiences and spirituality. This model also explicates the role of denial that can alternatively hamper, facilitate or place on hold movement toward death acceptance, the ultimate transformative agent. Additionally, this model elucidates the importance of holding environments on both sustaining and eliciting transformational and developmental change.
- Doctoral Dissertations | <urn:uuid:f63e71f5-4da3-495b-93b0-f79b787fad94> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/28069 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00127-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927344 | 458 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Bigger than a rush-hour fender-bender. Bigger than a California Winter Fog-bound multi-car/truck/motorcycle traffic pileup. Bigger even than when worlds collide.
This month, the Hubble Heritage Project gives us galaxies colliding.
I really love the Hubble Heritage Project. The images they are compiling and making freely available to the world are just breathtaking. In this dual photo, the image on the right is described as:
The aftermath of an encounter between two galaxies is shown, resulting in a ring-shaped galaxy and a long-tailed companion. The collision between the two parent galaxies produced a shockwave effect that first drew matter into the center and then caused it to propagate outwards in a ring. The elongated companion perpendicular to the ring suggests this is a unique snapshot of an ongoing collision.
So there you have it. With all the vastness of outer space, two galaxies still manage to run into each other. Keep this image in mind next time that cellphone-talking, putting-on-makeup-while-drinking-coffee-and-reading-a-newspaper idiot of a driver dings you in morning rush hour traffic.
It could be a whole lot worse.
The Corner Office : The view I’d like to have from my office window, if I had a window in an actual office.
Something Good Happened this Week : Sometime, even in the midst of ongoing bad news, something cool happens. This was one of those cool things.
This and That : Catching up on current family news. | <urn:uuid:15770376-d341-42fa-b133-d2c8017d61fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://charest.net/2008/04/28/and-youve-got-problems/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.918132 | 333 | 1.578125 | 2 |
This new technology is giving individuals long term recovery treatment with a holistic approach. Biosound therapy is the integration of music therapy, guided imagery, biofeedback, and sound frequency massage.
The healing power of music can be virtually and universally transforming. This form of therapy speaks to everyone and can be the healing they need to encourage long term sobriety. Using the vibrations created by music and the melody from the music itself, the body goes into a meditative state within 15 minutes. Four positive results of Biosound Therapy are:
It’s a joyful advancement in addiction treatment when something as universal as music can be used to create different brainwave states. Knowing the various brainwave states is crucial to understanding the benefits and proper uses. There are 5 separate brainwave states that an individual can be in; Gamma, Alpha, Theta, Delta, and Beta. There are certain biofeedback devices that can measure the electrical activity being produced from the brain. This will indicate which state the brain is in. Below is a list of three of the five brain waves and their purpose.
These can be measured at 27hz and above. Gamma waves are affiliated with the creation of ideas, memory processing, language and different forms of learning. They have been shown to be non-existent during deep sleep brought on by anesthesia, but as an individual comes to a wakeful state, these Gamma waves reappear.
These can be measured at 12hz-27hz and this state of the brainwave occurs when an individual is wide awake. This is the mental state where most individuals are throughout the day and most of their waking lives. This state of the brain can fool someone due to the fact that it comes off as uneventful, but do not be fooled. People can underestimate the importance of Beta waves. With a lack of sufficient Beta activity, mental disorders, ADD, depression and emotional disorders occur. By stimulating beta activity, energy levels increase along with a higher degree of attentiveness and concentration.
These can be measured between 8hz-12hz. This state of the brain indicates that an individual is awake, but relaxed with little information being processed. When a person first arises from sleep, and just before bed, they are typically in this state. The moment an individual closes their eyes to rest, alpha waves are automatically being produced.
Wouldn’t it be an amazing advancement if technology could influence these brainwave states and reap the benefits of each state? The great news is that it is possible. This is where binaural beats and other brian influencing techniques can be positively used to induce certain brainwave states. There are treatment facilities that offer this form of treatment for recovery. This has proven to be a great success.
Distributed by Client Initiatives
Company Name: Cycles of Change Recovery
Contact Person: Joe Hunter
Address:36451 El Camino Dr.
Country: United States | <urn:uuid:7ed0dca1-266e-43cf-991d-07849bb84b4f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.getnews.info/519249/innovative-solutions-created-with-biosound-therapy.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00210-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.924535 | 594 | 2.59375 | 3 |
If you are looking for a Russian keyboard, and you don’t have an actual one, e.g. you are outside of Russia, here’s a solution to your problem: virtual keyboard!
You can choose among 4 standard keyboard layouts (йцукен, йцукен typewriter, alphabet order, or even Ukrainian) or 12 phonetic keyboard layouts, which makes this page a total “must to have”!
Because many Cyrillic-Latin user have their favorite layout, they can decide for example what’s the Russian letter under the Latin “W” – my favorite, as it’s the closest to the Bulgarian, is “яВерты2”.
Now, here’s even better part: the same page you can get in… English.
It sounds strange – why would you need it in English, if you are speaking Russian, you’d ask?
Well, because you may be asked for example to fill-in a document with Russian letters, but your knowledge of Russian is limited to knowing only the alphabet.
Enjoy, and say thanks to Pavel Gorodyanski, who created this useful page! Also, check out Pavel’s description how to install Russian keyboard under Windows here. | <urn:uuid:8db3705c-74a5-406c-9761-cbec9c9fbb26> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blog.veni.com/?p=336 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573760.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819191655-20220819221655-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.893548 | 283 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Things to do with the used industrial oil
May 13, 2010
The regulation on oils (RD 679/2006) establishes a set of obligations that affect a broad spectrum of companies: both at which manufactured and sold in Spain lubricating oil (either hydraulic, thermal, dielectric, cutting or machining oils)(, unmoulders, etc.) as to those who import these products from other countries for sale or consumption live at Spain. To some, others law gives them the role of 'manufacturers' industrial oils, which are subject to the requirements of the above-mentioned Royal Decree in relation to waste oils.
On the other hand, in many industrial processes are imported components, parts and machinery of all kinds that already contain some kind of industrial oil (e.g., industrial robots, machine tools, industrial vehicles, etc). In this regard, the companies that put in the Spanish market these teams are also regarded as 'manufacturers' industrial oils and are therefore affected by the requirements of the above-mentioned regulations.
Solution for compliance with the law
All these companies are obliged by law to guarantee and financing the collection and management - in accordance with certain legal requirements - for waste oils resulting from consumption of the industrial oils placed on the market for them. In addition, RD 679/2006 provides for a number of other obligations of administrative nature (report annually to the competent administrations, develop business plans for prevention, etc.). As in other sectors - packaging, tires, appliances electrónicos… - with the rules provides that manufacturers to fulfil these obligations through its participation in integrated management (GIS) systems.
Sigaus is the GIS comprising 90% of the market of industrial oils in Spain (more than 110 companies), taking charge in all Spain of the collection and subsequent treatment of used oil, both vehicles and industrial sources.
Membership of this body not only non-profit is a solution in compliance with the law for the affected companies, but it also means an added value to customers and third parties, which demonstrates the company's environmental commitment. The GIS is financed through a fee paid the adhered companies: 0.06 euros per kilo of oil marketed/imported.
Guarantee of collection and management for producers
Thanks to these contributions, Sigaus works for the recovery of used industrial oil, with the aim of reducing their environmental impact and extract the maximum possible use of it. Sigaus offers coverage for the collection and management throughout the national territory through an extensive network of managers of waste oils. In 2009 the body recovered 154.775 tons of used oil, of which two thirds was for processes of regeneration (through the resulting new bases lubricants) and the remaining third to energy recovery (which produces energy)(, electrical or heat, the recovered waste). | <urn:uuid:9928ebb5-75e4-4265-a844-d4ebae9cd89c> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.interempresas.net/Mechanical-Components/Articles/40422-Things-to-do-with-the-used-industrial-oil.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718285.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00105-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945046 | 567 | 1.992188 | 2 |
Pikmin is an Real-time Strategy game created by Nintendo. Pikmin was one of the first Gamecube games, as well, using some concept from Mario 128 (one of the first Gamecube Tech Demos). The Japanese version of Pikmin has some differences with the American one. Also some options are only available in the Japanese version.
Let’s check them! | <urn:uuid:ee37e0fd-4b36-444e-88fd-23d602dbb182> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.unseen64.net/tag/unseen-changes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718296.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00538-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953326 | 78 | 1.601563 | 2 |
George W. Bush has decided that NATO forces are now inextricably tied to his great 10th Crusade to spread freedom, peace and American flags over as many oilfields as possible.
“NATO is no longer a static alliance focused on defending Europe from a Soviet tank invasion,” he said in Bucharest. “It is now an expeditionary alliance that is sending its forces across the world to help secure a future of freedom and peace for millions.”You know, literacy requires that an individual be able to read as well as just write. NATO disagrees with Bush's view. In fact, The North Atlantic Treaty is pretty clear.
The Parties agree that an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all and consequently they agree that, if such an armed attack occurs, each of them, in exercise of the right of individual or collective self-defence recognised by Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations, will assist the Party or Parties so attacked by taking forthwith, individually and in concert with the other Parties, such action as it deems necessary, including the use of armed force, to restore and maintain the security of the North Atlantic area.NATO is completely and utterly a defensive treaty. It is nobody's expeditionary "freedom" spreading crusade machine. It is there to provide collective defence to its members - not the rest of the world.
Any such armed attack and all measures taken as a result thereof shall immediately be reported to the Security Council. Such measures shall be terminated when the Security Council has taken the measures necessary to restore and maintain international peace and security .
Not that we can expect our man Steve to take a different stand than his hero-in-chief.
Hopefully the rest of the world recognizes Bush for what he is: a lame-duck sock puppet who is so in love with his title that he can't spend two minutes reading a treaty that hasn't changed in 59 years.
Bush might want to watch his yapping. His ill-advised and failed attempt to give the Ukraine and Georgia membership in the defensive alliance may prompt the need for renewed vigilance in the direction of the North German Plain.
President Vladimir V. Putin, after meeting with NATO members in Bucharest on Friday, bluntly declared that an expansion that included Ukraine and Georgia, both former Soviet republics with deep historical links to Russia, would constitute a threat.Somebody needs to bring the clown home, strap him into a chair and unplug his telephone until the end of November. | <urn:uuid:ca3fb4c1-3be7-4343-828f-4f94fc3ad654> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://thegallopingbeaver.blogspot.com/2008/04/moron-tries-to-redefine-nato.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00284-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.974011 | 522 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Across the next five years, two thirds (66%) of businesses will actively be trying to reduce energy usage, the report from the water filtration and dispenser brand revealed. What’s more, it showed nearly 40% are looking to train their teams in sustainable workplace practices.
With UK hospitality operators facing an unprecedented cost-of-living crisis as well as soaring energy prices, 92% of decision makers are concerned, according to the research.
The sector’s energy and sustainability concerns add to the many issues pubs are already tackling like staff shortages and the availability of raw materials and ingredients.
Nearly three-quarters of decision makers (72%) said they had goals and targets in place to decrease their energy usage and overall environmental impact. Yet, 85% believed their business could be doing more to achieve this.
How to save energy
In light of this research, BRITA partnered with sustainability experts to create the Invisible Waste report, which gives operators tips on saving energy.
It encourages businesses to think about their habits. For instance, multiple items could be moved at once from a drinks fridge rather than constantly dipping in and out of it to reduce the power needed to battle the hot air outside.
Technology should also be invested in. Sanremo UK brand manager Ben Lewis advised to invest in a coffee machine with an eco-mode, which reduced the temperature of it when dormant but allows it to heat up more quickly than if it was off.
BRITA UK managing director David Hall commented: “With hospitality operators feeling the pressure to improve their sustainability in an authentic way that avoids ‘greenwashing’ their processes, they cannot ignore the impact of the waste they produce on the environment."
He continued: “We’re all too aware of food and plastic waste, but what about the invisible waste that we cannot see, such as the volume of energy businesses consume each day and night unnecessarily?
“It’s vital that we collaborate with companies to tackle the sources of invisible waste together, and there are simple, energy-efficient steps that can be taken to contribute to real change.”
Though some venues such as hotels operate 24/7, equipment including ovens, commercial washers, microwaves and hobs are all examples of equipment left on overnight, with a quarter (25%) letting these appliances go into standby mode.
Some 18% said it was easier to just leave equipment on and, for one in 10 businesses, equipment remains on simply because there is nobody responsible for turning it off. | <urn:uuid:fedea994-ada0-4afe-9780-fc7e0b7022e3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.morningadvertiser.co.uk/Article/2022/08/03/brita-report-how-can-hospitality-businesses-cut-energy-costs | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571869.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813021048-20220813051048-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.958315 | 524 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Whether you’re preparing for the next world title bout or are looking to get on top of life’s challenges, a bellicon® is the ideal launch pad.
Rebounding is the low-impact exercise that raises the bar for full-body workouts. It tones muscles, increases stamina, builds strength and enhances flexibility – all while gently lubricating joints as well as improving bone density, balance and coordination. The bellicon® will put you among the fitness heavyweights. Why not get in the ring and try it for yourself?
Darren Barker won the International Boxing Federation world middleweight title by training on a bellicon®
Looking for an edge that the punching bag couldn’t give him, boxer Darren Barker got on a bellicon®.
Boxing is the definition of tough – it pushes the limits of strength, agility, speed and endurance. So when a fighter turned to the bellicon®, no one could doubt the serious side to the light-hearted fun of rebounding. That boxer was Darren Barker. After failing to win the middleweight title in October 2011, he and his coach, Wayne Leal, decided to break with the centuries-old training methods of running miles and skipping rope. They reasoned that the 21st century must have something new to offer. And it does – the bellicon®.
Along with yoga and pilates, Darren began rebounding. And this wasn’t just a shot in the dark. Thanks to the unique bungee suspension system on the bellicon®, all 638 muscles in your body engage while you’re bouncing. The result is a more efficient cardiovascular workout than running or skipping. And it’s gentle on vulnerable joints and cartilage. As Wayne Leal said in an interview with the BBC, “It’s literally taking what boxers normally do and turning it upside down.”
The decision to mix things up paid off for Darren when, on 17 August 2013, he claimed one of sport’s most coveted titles as IBF world middleweight champion.
Experience the remarkable benefits of the bellicon® for yourself
From zero to four times g-force with every bounce
Bouncing on a bellicon® is so gentle you might not realise that your body is experiencing up to four-times normal g-force – just what bones need to grow strong.
Rebounding is a better workout than jogging, weight training or isometric exercise. For many people, this is as much of a surprise as it was to the NASA scientists who first proved it. But the explanation is simple. Your body is designed to work against gravity and bouncing is the best way to harness this force to build a strong, healthy body.
At bellicon, we’ve spent almost twenty years advancing rebounder performance. That includes refining our unique bungee suspension system, which maximises the benefits of each bounce while minimising stress and strain on your joints and vertebrae. The result is a mini trampoline that uses just the right amount of gravitational resistance to improve your fitness and health. With each bounce, your body is subject to weightlessness followed by between two and four times normal g-force. This powerful interplay works every muscle in your body as well as your cardiovascular, skeletal and lymphatic systems. That’s what we call harnessing a force of nature to give you the best all-round workout on the planet.
The effects of regular exercise are more than skin deep. While no one’s complaining about the great physique you’ll get from working out, the health benefits of rebounding go far beyond that. The bellicon® stimulates biological functions in a way absent from modern life. Consistent use of your mini trampoline will have a profoundly beneficial impact on many aspects of your health, including:
Even muscles you didn’t know you had get worked with every bounce on a bellicon®. That’s because in rebounding the force of gravity and our low-impact bungees combine to give you the benefits of plyometrics (jump training), eccentric exercise, core building and a world-class cardio routine. For getting into shape from head to toe, there’s nothing else like it.Read more about this health benefit here
When it comes to losing weight and keeping it off, dieting alone won’t do it.
Among the National Weight Control Registry, a group of more than 10,000 people who have lost an average of 66 pounds and kept it off for more than five years, 89 percent used exercise along with dieting to achieve success.
The bellicon provides a muscle-toning, metabolism-boosting workout that gets you in shape from head to toe and burns calories even hours after you’ve finished.Read more details about this health benefit here
Compromise shouldn’t come into your cardio workouts. Not when the bellicon® can give you the best there is.
Bouncing on our mini trampoline not only outpaces running when it comes to burning calories and toning muscles. It also spares your joints the shock of a high-impact workout. And because our rebounder can be used indoors or out, damp, grey days won’t cheat you out of your exercise.
Watch your strength, stamina and total-body fitness take off while you’re having great fun.
We all know how exercise pumps up the cardiovascular system by increasing the flow of blood and oxygen. But its benefits to the lymphatic system may be news to you.
This network of vessels and nodes is responsible for carrying the toxins, bacteria, dead cells and even cancer cells that trigger your immune system and flushing them from the body. Since it has no pump, it needs physical activity and the force of gravity to drive the thick lymph fluid through your system.Read more details about this health benefit here
If you’ve ever watched a toddler learning to walk, you’ll know that balance improves with practice. On a bellicon®, you’re giving your brain a refresher course in equilibrium. That’s because the repetitive motion of bouncing renews nerve pathways to your muscles.
Rebounding also steadies you by building core muscles, leg muscles and ankle strength – all of which are essential for balance and good posture.
Of course, balance is not the only thing that a bellicon® workout improves. You’re also getting a boost to your health and fitness all rolled into one.Read more details about this health benefit here
Most of us know that stress isn’t just a burden, it can be a killer, with side effects ranging from headaches, insomnia, and weight gain to mental health and physical problems, including heart attacks, strokes and heart diseases. With a busy lifestyle, and little time or energy left over for taking care of ourselves, managing stress can be a stressful job in itself. Fortunately, there are healthy ways to cope with stress, exercise being one of the best.
According to the Harvard Medical School, “Regular aerobic exercise...has a unique capacity to exhilarate and relax, to provide stimulation and calm, to counter depression and dissipate stress.” | <urn:uuid:590bbb8c-3bef-416d-93f6-cc53d7e0c2d2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.bellicon.com/ch_en/for-everyone/for-men | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280835.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00467-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.940092 | 1,481 | 1.515625 | 2 |
"Most people know Cleveland by the Browns or The Flats," says Marc Lefkowitz. From the roof of his office building, which is dotted with native wildflowers and grasses, he gestures to the downtown skyline -- marked by the iconic Mittal Steel smokestacks that gave The Flats neighborhood its name -- and toward the beloved football team's stadium along the shimmering shores of Lake Erie.
That two-pronged version of the city's reputation may be wishful thinking on the part of Lefkowitz, web editor for a local green nonprofit called Green City Blue Lake. Because most people -- if they give Cleveland much thought at all -- probably see it as a Rust Belt city, a victim of white flight and the decaying industrial economy, and of environmental gaffes in the 1970s when Lake Erie was declared dead and the nearby Cuyahoga River was so choked with pollution that it caught fire.
The good news is, those ecological and economic atrocities planted the seeds of an early social justice, anti-poverty, and environmental movement in the city that has of late begun to blossom into a full-fledged sustainability movement. Cleveland is one of a handful of cities in the Rust Belt -- including Pittsburgh, Milwaukee, Detroit, and Columbus -- that are reinventing the region as a sort of Green Belt.
This story is becoming a common refrain. My heritage aside, I'm attracted to Rust Belt economic development because the problem is difficult to solve. A few years ago, I contemplated moving to Appalachia in order to teach people living there how to cope with globalization. Events conspired and I jumped feet first into Pittsburgh's latest renaissance. I'm not alone on this path.
The list of liabilities for shrinking cities is daunting. But the passion these places invoke is inspiring. My main concern is how we will handle success. If all goes well, non-natives (domestic and international) will transform our cities into something local boosters will not recognize. For now, the romanticism and nostalgia for home is useful. But is any development, welcome development? | <urn:uuid:346cbdf9-3cb2-42bf-a43c-c53fb18ecebd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://burghdiaspora.blogspot.com/2008/05/cleveland-upside.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00327-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950076 | 427 | 2.078125 | 2 |
For 4 generations, oil has been part of the Il Bottaccio family history. Grandfather Ermelindo and his wife Letizia began this story in 1925.
The olive groves were part of the Tuscan landscape, with their turned trunks, years old. Leafy trees under which you could have lunch in summer with the whole family, plants that accompanied the holidays and that gave one of the most important fruits for the nutrition of the time: the olives. Already at the time, they were consumed in the most varied ways and, above all, used to obtain oil: a fundamental element for cooking and seasoning all the typical dishes of the so-called Mediterranean cuisine. | <urn:uuid:649771c4-aa0c-4788-8157-651923607fa9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.shopiemonte.com/eu/il-bottaccio | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.976966 | 145 | 2.21875 | 2 |
is the wanton criminality of our rulers that they do not even
bother to deny the monstrousness of their crimes. Without
shame or regret, but with implacable indifference to human
life, they have wreaked their vengeance on the Iraqi people
with special attention paid to the children of Iraq.
These little ones have borne the brunt of the Draconian sanctions
imposed on Iraq: the San Jose Mercury News recently
reported that the embargo on basic food items and medical
supplies kills 4,000 children every week. If the Serbs
were doing this to the Bosnians, or the Kosovars, we would
have Christiane Amanpour on the spot, weeping and wailing
and lecturing us with all her might. As it is, the silence
is deafening: oh, there have been a few voices raised, on
the editorial pages of a few newspapers, notably the Orange
County Register, some members of Congress have raised
their voices, including Cynthia McKinney (D-GA) and Ron Paul
(R-TX). But both parties, as well as our brain-dead party-lining
media, are implicated in the ongoing genocide being carried
out against the Iraqi people.
AND THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE, REVISITED
pause, here, to reflect on a word choice: genocide.
A very strong word, very much overused, and so far from its
original meaning that it now seems to include the 4,500 total
dead uncovered in Kosovo's alleged "mass graves"
(and that number includes both Albanians and
Serbs). I deliberately avoid using certain words, on these
grounds alone, and genocide is among them but what
else can we call a policy that seeks to starve an entire
generation to death?
far, according to the UN the initiators and enforcers
of this barbaric policy over a million Iraqis, mostly
children and the elderly, have perished as a result of the
sanctions. The moral posturing at the heart of the so-called
Clinton Doctrine, declared a US "right" to intervene anywhere
in the world, if and when people were being killed on account
of their ethnicity. Well, then, it is time for the US to intervene,
once again, on humanitarian grounds against itself.
For why else are 4,000 children dying a week if they
were not Iraqis, they would be alive today.
December 7 air attacks were supposedly in "retaliation"
for an earlier incident in which Iraqi antiaircraft opened
fire on US and British planes patrolling "no fly zone."
When state department official Strobe Talbott declares that
the concept of national sovereignty is "obsolescent,"
this is pooh-poohed on the grounds that it is just hifalutin'
talk. But is it? Just look at the former Yugoslavia
and at the unilateral annexation of a third of Iraqi airspace
under the "legal" authority of the United Nations.
The low-level military campaign
has been quietly ratcheted up, and the administration is busy
organizing those few and fractious Iraqi opposition groups
that will cooperate with the hated Americans. This is happening
as the storm clouds of yet another crisis loom on the horizon,
and the UN Security Council once again take up the debate
over Iraqi sanctions. The US and Britain, using the compliant
Dutch as their attorneys, are pressing the issue of renewed
weapons inspections. A resolution written by Western diplomats
and pushed by the US and Britain stipulates that the Iraqis
undergo yet another long series of trials and delays before
sanctions are lifted and, even then, only on the condition
that Iraq allow in yet another team of "observers"
in the endless hunt for alleged "weapons of mass destruction."
OF MASS DESTRUCTION" AND OTHER MYTHS
After years of rooting
around in Iraq, inspecting presidential palaces and poking
their noses into the offices of the ruling Batth Party, you
would have thought they would have found something.
But these much-touted inspectors have come up with little
more than rumor and innuendo. After examining every square
inch of Iraqi territory by satellite and other means, what
are they really hoping to find?
One imagines a brace of nuclear
missiles, hidden somewhere amid the the bombed-out rubble,
and no doubt aimed directly at the offices of the New York
Post. With John
Podhoretz kicked out on his neocon butt, however, perhaps
Baghdad will consider other targets: God knows there are plenty
of other candidates.
AN APT ACRONYM
Russia, China, and France all
agree that the sanctions must be lifted, but Yeltsin has taken
the standout position, demanding a total lifting of the sanctions
prior to Iraq agreeing to arms inspections. But the US, Britain,
the Netherlands, and Canada have been putting tremendous pressure
on the recalcitrant Security Council members to get with the
program or get ready for unilateral "Allied"
action. The resolution now before the Council would create
a new Iraqi arms control bureaucracy to be called the United
Nations Monitoring Verification and Inspection Commission
: UNMOVIC Now here is an acronym that perfectly describes
the response of Western governments to widespread condemnation
of their genocidal policies, from the Vatican and the US Council
of Catholic Bishops, and pundits and political leaders spanning
the spectrum. Unmoved by appeals to either mercy or justice,
our remorselessly amoral leaders have embarked on a policy
that will one day rank as among the most horrific war crimes
demonic cruelty of our policymakers is underscored by the
text of the proposed UN resolution, which is designed to delay
the lifting of sanctions as long as possible. The new bureaucracy
will take its sweet time to get up and running, with a chairman
appointed 30 days after passage of the resolution. The commission
then has 60 more days to draw up a "work plan"
that is, set up the hoops the Iraqis are expected to jump
through before we agree to stop starving their children to
death. A draft version of the UN resolution gives the commission
180 days to make a decision after its report is issued, and
there will be more delay in actually reopening trade routes
and getting Iraqi oil to market. Meanwhile, how many more
children will have died? With at least six months before the
commission will even consider lifting the sanctions, and at
4,000 dead babies a week well, you do the math.
DECAPITATION OF A NATION
to this, what Slobodan Milosevic did in Kosovo was a pinprick:
this is a beheading. If what is happening in Iraq is not genocide,
then the word had best be retired from the English language,
since it no longer serves any useful purpose.
WAR PARTY MOBILIZES
US, Britain, and their allies on the Security Council are
demanding a vote on a resolution Iraq is certain to reject.
This would open up Iraq to another wave of assaults
perhaps a concerted and overwhelming attempt to solve the
Iraqi Question once and for all. The two major Republican
candidates for President have already weighed in on this question,
with Dubya strongly hinting that military action would be
in the offing if only he were the commander-in-chief,
while McCain energetically outdoes him in the warmongering
department by openly declaring that we ought to take Baghdad
to the fervent applause of his media coterie.
coalition of Russia, China, and France have lobbied for a
relaxation of the sanctions, with Russia championing the Iraqis
and demanding the lifting of all sanctions. The Iraqis, for
their part, have declared that they will not endure one more
day of this criminal barbarity, and have several times stopped
the limited sales of their oil in protest, driving up prices
of crude on the world market just enough to remind everyone
who profits from the absence of Iraqi oil on the market
why, the oil companies, naturally enough. The same oil companies
who are slavering over the Caucasus and backing the Republican
heir presumptive. What a coincidence.
cited in the Washington Post put it this way: "We
are finishing the chess game and beginning the poker game.
And everybody thinks everybody else is bluffing." While
the Allies are almost certainly not bluffing, the Russians
almost certainly are just ask the Serbians,
who were sold down the river for considerably more than thirty
pieces of silver, as the Swiss bank accounts of the Russian
gangster regime filled up with Western "aid." But
this time, it seems, the Russians are being paid in a different
coin . . .
OF THE DIPLOMATS
kind of maneuvering that is now going on was summarized rather
succinctly by the headline of a
New York Times article: "Russia Offers to
Bargain on Chechnya, Using Iraq as Its Bait," by Judith
Miller [November 19, 1999]. While in Istanbul, at the big
OSCE summit, Yeltsin did everything short of pulling a Khruschev
and pounding his shoe on the table. But away from the cameras,
an in vivid contrast to this very public tantrum, the real
story was Russian Foreign Minister Igor Ivanov making kissy-poo
with Maddy Albright. The sordid details of the romance were
recorded in a Russian official document, submitted to Albright,
which suggests that in return for not bringing up Chechnya
at the Security Council "which is unacceptable
to us" Moscow promised to be "ready to instruct
the Russian representative to the Security Council to be flexible
would have thought that this administration having
just announced the Clinton Doctrine pledging protection of
racial minorities against "ethnic cleansing"
would have gotten up on its high horse at the first signs
of a Russian invasion of Chechnya. Even if the prospect of
direct Western intervention on behalf of the Chechens is highly
unlikely, the Clintonian denunciations of the invasion have
been soddly restrained i.e. just not like them at all.
What gives? A free hand for the Russians in Chechnya in exchange
for the Allied dismemberment of Iraq it is not hard
to see such a bargain being struck between two old crooks
like Clinton and Yeltsin.
Russia's veto, the UN resolution would provide a "legal"
pretext for renewed US -British military intervention. By
refusing to let in a new "inspection" team, and
declaring that the materials requested by the commission have
long since been destroyed, the Iraqis are saying: better to
die in battle, than to watch your children and elderly parents
slowly waste away.
SIGNS AND PORTENTS
the threat of a Russian veto effectively neutralized, such
a battle seems imminent, as the US and Britain push for passage
and implementation of yet another warmaking UN resolution.
The Iraqi newspaper Babil, whose publisher is Saddam's
eldest son, predicted
that hostilities would begin sometime before the start of
the Muslim holy month of Ramadan which begins between
the 7th and the 9th of December. Whether Saddam Jr. may have
merely consulted Babil's resident astrologer, or heard
something at the dinner table, is up for speculation. But
nothing would surprise me as far as US policy toward
Iraq goes. The sheer savagery of that policy, which has to
mean the death of so many thousands of innocents, shows that
the ruling elites mean business and will stop at nothing
to achieve their goals.
INTERRUPT THIS COLUMN FOR AN URGENT NEWS BULLETIN WE'VE
of stopping at nothing we interrupt this column to
bring you an alarming news report: there has been an attempted
hacking of this website, involving a cybernetic assault on
our server. The hacking attempt was ultimately unsuccessful,
but the criminal creeps responsible did succeed in breaking
into and damaging our email system. To add mystery to mayhem,
my own personal email system was shut down, and rendered
inaccessible an amazing coincidence, or something a
little more sinister? I'll leave that to your imagination,
because right now I just don't want to go there.
CASE OF THE INCOMPETENT CYBER-VANDALS
this point, we are still accessing the damage, and tracking
the electronic traces left by the hackers. Whoever the perpetrators
were, they weren't very good at what they were doing: just
barely competent enough to mess with the email. While the
apparent incompetence of our cyber-burglars is enough suggest
that they might be government employees, this is hardly enough
on which to build a conspiracy theory.
TRICKS: A SHORT HISTORY
it does make one think. I mean, after all, just look
at what the infamous "Cointelpro" program did during
the Vietnam war to destabilize antiwar groups, such as the
Socialist Workers Party, SDS, and others: infiltration, setups,
break-ins, they employed every dirty trick in the book
and then some. In the end, of course, they were exposed, and,
in testimony before congressional committees, officials of
the agencies responsible pledged to never again spy
on and intimidate American citizens. Did anybody with even
a vague sense of history believe them?
that I mean to imply that this is all an Oliver Stone movie,
a murky conspiracy involving guys in dark glasses and secret
cyber "hit squads." There are all kinds of
wackos out there, and you can take your pick. I have often
written about the War Party, in capitalized letters, as a
kind of symbolic entity subsuming all the different groups,
official and unofficial, public and private, that lobby for
US military intervention around the globe. I think we have
had our first experience with the cybernetic wing of the War
Party and it hasn't been pretty.
is frankly frightening, and sobering, to realize the possible
implications of this vicious cyber-attack on Antiwar.com.
Frightening, because it makes me realize how much I have made
myself a target. I mean, there is my picture right
up there on the World Wide Web. Not only that, but I have
mentioned the city I happily inhabit and even blabbered on
about the street I live on good God, what was I thinking,
how could I have been so stupid? I find myself thinking:
How could I have made myself such a target? Why oh why did
I ever get involved in any of this stuff to begin with
I mean, there's somebody out there breaking into my personal
email, for godssake. What is the world coming to?
SNAP OUT OF IT!
then I think to myself: oh, snap out of it! Get a grip
on yourself. It's probably a bunch of goofy teenagers with
nothing better to do you hope! But whoever it is, they
won't succeed in demoralizing me: this kind of stuff just
makes me more determined than ever that Antiwar.com must continue,
no matter what.
coven of cybernetic vandals can attack the new media with
impunity yet imagine if this happened to a print journal,
say, The Nation: say a bunch of vandals broke into
their offices and trashed the place. What an outcry there
CASE FOR OPTIMISM
have been optimistic about the future of Antiwar.com. Every
week the number of individual visitors rises. We have been
getting unprecedented exposure: Yahoo now regularly features
original material generated by us on its various news pages,
and our pieces have been reprinted and linked everywhere from
the London Times to the Buchanan for President website,
effectively doubling our "circulation" (to use the
armchair terminology of the print media for a moment) inside
of a few months. But this vicious attack means that we will
have to invest a lot more time, resources, and money into
building an effective defense. We had feared that this would
happen, sooner or later, and I was not at all surprised when
I heard the news yet I felt a sinking feeling in the
pit of my stomach, and, for the first time, a twinge of .
. . fear. Fear that we would become a target of God know who
or what; fear that this would mean the diversion of very scarce
resources and fear that this is just the beginning.
CYBERNETIC PEARL HARBOR
are working now to track down the person or persons responsible
for this cowardly attack a sneak attack carried out,
ironically enough, on the anniversary of the Japanese attack
on Pearl Harbor. Now, that is good for a laugh but,
also, good for a lesson. We are taking defensive measures,
investing time, resources, and assets in making our site impregnable
to attack. In fighting for peace, we must prepare for war
cyberwar, that is.
APPEAL TO YOU
are appealing to you, our readers and supporters, to help
us through this emergency. We need your help now, more
than ever before. This is going to cost us bucks, and frankly
we don't have it. Indeed, we have barely enough money to pay
up our obligations for another month or so, and that is it.
So I am making my pitch in the only way I know how
directly to you, through this column. I've done it before,
but this time, you'll note, there's a real note of urgency
and, yes, a note of fear. To the omnipresent fear that
my fund appeals will fall on deaf ears is added a new one
the fear that we will be shut down by the cost of defending
ourselves from whatever creeps are messing with our site.
WAR ON THE PEACEMAKERS
antiwar movement of any consequence has been harassed by groups
of vigilantes, as well as government agencies indeed,
during World War I there was virtually no distinction to be
made between official and unofficial agencies of repression.
The opposition to US entry into World War II was demonized,
and then indicted, unceremoniously driven out of public life.
Private spy agencies, such as the one operated by the pro-interventionist
"Friends of Democracy," operating in conjunction
with the British intelligence operation in the US, smeared
and actively sought to infiltrate and disrupt the antiwar
America First Committee. (See Thomas E. Mahl's Desperate
Deception : British Covert Operations in the United States,
1939-44. During the cold war, the national security
state evolved an entire apparatus to deal with domestic opposition
to US foreign policy, with a network of spies, moles, snitches,
and provocateurs that rivaled in scope and expense that of
any ostensibly "totalitarian" nation. That some
of these people were "freelancers" did not make
any difference: they acted as if they were government
agents, and often in coordination with them, in some cases
for money, in others out of ideological fervor, and very often
OF THE CYBER-BARBARIANS
antiwar movement of the new millennium is facing a new kind
of attack: instead of throwing a rock through the plate-glass
window of a bookstore, or trashing an office, they're hacking
our site, breaking into our email, and proving that there
is such a creature as a cyber-barbarian.
I DON'T THINK SO
that 15-year-old "hacker" who wrote "peace
now" or something to that effect on the White House website?
Well, that poor kid is going to do time! Does a similar
fate await the cyber-vandals who invaded our server?
Stay tuned and keep reading because we need
your help more than ever. And I mean your financial
help, as well as your moral support. Not only is the War Party
on the offensive, but the bill collector is at the door. We're
fighting a two-front war and we can't win it without
your contributions. Faced with a campaign of harassment, and
mounting bills, we are asking for you, our loyal readers and
supporters, to come through for us one more time. I know you
won't let us down.
THAT FLAG FLYING
here to contribute over the Internet or you can
send in your contribution by mail.
However and in whatever amount you plan to make your contribution,
remember that old typing drill: "Now is the time for
all good men to come to the aid of their party." Of course,
today, any typing drill taught this way would soon be revised
to read "all good men and women" but
never mind. The point is that now is the time to come
to the aid of your party the Peace Party, whose standard
we have raised cyberspace. With your help, we can keep the | <urn:uuid:f019fa0f-136b-449f-9de2-44960ca61511> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.antiwar.com/justin/j090400.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00017-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.943003 | 4,511 | 1.523438 | 2 |
posted by Thom Holwerda on Mon 12th Jun 2006 13:44 UTC, submitted by Dylan
In November this year, Sony will launch the PlayStation 3. Apparantly, Sony has high expectations for the Linux-powered device, and Sony even claims it will render the PC useless. "We believe that the PS3 will be the place where our users play games, watch films, browse the Web, and use other [home] computer functions," said Sony exec Phil Harrison. "The PlayStation 3 is a computer. We do not need the PC." Let's see how Sony's Vaio devision feels about this. | <urn:uuid:b8ebd636-270c-4d0a-a0a5-c5038586603e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.osnews.com/story/14874/Sony_We_Do_Not_Need_the_PC_/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00161-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.928608 | 127 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Qualia and the Standard Double Standard
Wednesday: Now here’s the thing. We’re gonna act real normal.
The Addams Family: Gasp!
Grandma: Define “normal.”
(Addams family Musical)
My friend studies philosophy, a field full of theories that I know very little about (as my course of study is the much more practical study of ethics). Recently she explained to me a concept in philosophy called qualia – the subjectivity of experience – that is the source of much theoretical discourse. She listed questions like: How can I know that the way I see green is the way you see it? Doesn’t every person derive different emotions from the same experiences? She explained that these questions make philosophers wonder if people can ever actually relate to others. If we don’t know exactly how others feel, then how can we ever claim to relate with them?
This conversation had three main effects on me: 1. It made my head hurt, 2. It reminded me why I am not studying philosophy and 3. It shoved in my face the limits of rationality. It is on the latter point that this post will focus. Because, despite coming to the logical conclusion that it is impossible to actually relate to others, my heart tells me a contradicting reality… Emotions hold within them some kind of truth that logic can never begin to fathom even in her purest form. These contradicting truths often create double standards in our behavior especially toward those we are more passionate about: toward those we love. And it is here that my story begins…
Just like the Addams Family says so elegantly, my family is not normal. Despite all the petty fighting, the teasing, the peculiarities that, similar to gefilte fish and horseradish, become normalized only after living with and being surrounded by them for years, despite the love shown through eating an extra piece of pita bread, or home cooked challah french toast even though you already told Grandma or Bubbe (Yiddish for grandma) that you are stuffed but she managed to either “not hear” or forget… despite all of this we stick together. We take the cliché mi casa es tu casa quite literally.
I love my family. They help keep me grounded and I am super grateful to have such a tightly-knit one. I understand the importance of them in my life. So, logically it would follow that I treat them the kindest… that I am most forgiving to those who are most giving. However, time and time again despite this gratefulness and unconditional love, I find my family gets me so angry, upset or disappointed over things that I wouldn’t even notice in any of my friends. It’s an emotional reality that logic fails to comprehend.
I hold a double standard, and that standard is not in favor of those closest to me. I often find myself in a feedback loop in which my family irrationally frustrates me, and the fact that I get frustrated frustrates me more until the cycle repeats… And, now since college has empowered me to critically examine myself, I dedicated it is time to unpack this double standard and find the balance between my conflicting logical and emotional truths.
I realize that I am talking a lot in the abstract here so let me give a concrete example of the logic-emotion double standard in action:
My younger sister and I are perfect complements. She is petite, blonde and blue-eyed, and I am tall (on my family’s standards), with brown eyes and hair. I am gifted with academic intelligence, but can use some guidance when it comes to people smarts; whereas, she just gets people but can use some help with academics, particularly with math. This dichotomy has resulted in her coming to me for math help, and me coming to her for help socializing (particularly with girls) ever since math became difficult and girls stopped having cooties (which conveniently was around the same time).
Whereas I would like to think that I was the only person privy to my sister’s girl advice, my sister was certainly not the only person I helped in math. I was a tutor, with years of experience teaching elementary through high school level math. Despite tutoring being far from easy (sometimes tutees would sleep, give-up or just wouldn’t get it), I loved it. Sure, it was frustrating at times, but I never allowed my frustration show. I knew that such frustration would help neither me nor the tutee. I also realized that although I may understand and be fascinated with the reason why log(x) and 10x are inverses and what that meant algebraically and graphically, that my tutees didn’t share that same fascination. And, that was okay. They didn’t need to know why things worked for the test, all my tutees needed to know was how they do. I would tailor my instructions accordingly, such that the breadth of knowledge was prioritized over the depth of knowledge. Even though I firmly believe that from depth of knowledge comes breadth of knowledge, I understood that they didn’t and that I needed to teach in a way they would understand, regardless if it’s not the “ideal way.” In essence, I followed the “logical truth.”
However, no matter how hard I try, I am nearly never able to extend the same courtesy to my sister. It’s unfathomable. With my sister, I am not okay with her not understanding the why behind math. I get frustrated so quickly when she doesn’t pick something up and I give her little help when navigating through a problem set, as I rather empower her to find the solution than enable her with it. I do this even though time and again it results in frustration on both sides, a lack of learning and in the worst cases a total shutdown toward the subject matter.
I understand my hypocrisy in these situations; I acknowledge my double standard and I still cannot shake it. I feel like not enforcing the “why” (despite her general disinterest) would be limiting my sister’s understanding of math. My thoughts go as follows:
I love her, and she looks up to me. Isn’t it then my responsibility to act as a role model to her and give her the most access to knowledge (mankind’s greatest tool)? Plus, if I give her the answers now what will happen once, I return to college? Doesn’t it make more sense to see her struggle, because in the long run it will result in independence? Tough love is acceptable sometimes…
Emotions entirely rule my behavior toward my sister, whereas they don’t even come into play with others. And I struggle to find the balance between the two competing forces. It is so hard to help those you love.
Realizing that finding the answer on my own would prove nearly impossible, I asked someone who has a lot of experience balancing logic with emotions for advice. I explained my predicament to my Grandma…
The more I told her, the more she related to me, explaining that many times in her role as a loving, caring mother she has to balance enforcing discipline with wanting to give love to children and grandchildren. Although this creates a sense of cognitive dissonance, it is something that allows her to be the best mother she can be. Sometimes hypocrisy is necessary, especially when dealing with those we love, Grandma said. She continued it’s finding the proper balance between love and discipline that people always struggle with. That balance doesn’t exist with those you don’t love – those outside your family – which is why you feel so frustrated around your family sometimes. It’s your unconditional love that drives your frustration, and your “double standard.” It’s up to you to find what balance makes sense for you so that you can help your sister and not get frustrated. Either way never stop listening to your heart and your brain. They are both important decision driving forces.
It was one of those conversations that last five minutes but feel like they last hours, because the amount of wisdom gained is that of a lifetime. I knew I chose the right person to talk to.
While I am still working on finding the proper balance of logic and emotion, conversations like this one bring me a sense of tranquility. They remind me that we are all human, and that despite my family on the whole not being “normal,” the way we feel and act as individuals certainly is. So, albeit I am still coming to terms with my double standard, I know it is something healthy. Hypocrisy is not always bad, and being “normal” is not something to always strive for, despite logic concluding otherwise. That is to say, there is a limit to rationality, and that limit is not always something to despise; qualia, although may logically isolate us, brings us together through shared emotions. | <urn:uuid:bd9708eb-4357-4f70-a55b-16238000e5fa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://kenan.ethics.duke.edu/qualia-and-the-standard-double-standard/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572304.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816120802-20220816150802-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.967867 | 1,880 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Karela chips or bitter gourd crisps made in air fryer are a tasty and crunchy snack or munchie. It is perfect for tea time.
Bitter gourd is a bitter vegetable with many health benefits. It is treated with salt to reduce its bitterness.
Then cut finely, coated with spices and air fried for a healthy delicious snack.
You may also like:
Karela or Bitter gourd is a bitter vegetable that is cooked with a lot of care in Indian cuisine.
I have grown up eating this simple karela stir fry as well as the more elaborate bharwa karela or stuffed bitter gourd.
Health Benefits of Karela or Bitter gourd:
- Karela has been a part of a diet for diabetics for a long time in India as it is believed to regulate blood sugar as per this source.
- It can help in reduction of bad cholesterol in the body. Source
- It has abundant anti-oxidants that help in improving the condition of your skin and hair.
- Karela is high in fibre and vitamins. Its regular consumption helps in weight loss and maintaining weight as a part of a healthy diet.
- Karela due to its antimicrobial and anti-oxidants helps in purifying blood and flushing out toxins from the body.
Here is the karela chips recipe:
How to Make Karela Chips or Bitter Gourd Chips Pictures
To the thinly sliced karela slices, add salt and keep aside for 30 minutes.
Squeeze out all the water and wash the slices to remove excess salt.
Now they are ready to be marinated.
Add all the spice powders along with chickpea flour and rice flour and sprinkle all over the bitter gourd slices.
Mix well and leave aside to marinate for about 20 minutes.
Now add 1 tbsp. oil and mix again.
By now, the spice coating would adhere to the bitter gourd slices.
Preheat airfryer at 160 C or 320 F for 5 minutes.
Brush the basket and lay out bitter gourd chips for airfrying or you can use parchment paper (helps prevent sticking).
Air fry for 10 minutes flipping once midway.
Now bump up the temperature to 200 C or 390 F and air fry for 6-8 minutes more flipping once midway.
Your bitter gourd chips should turn golden brown and crispy.
Do try this karela chips recipe and let me know.
Here's the recipe card:
Karela Chips Recipe | Crispy Bitter Gourd Chips
- 2 bitter gourd sliced into thin rounds
- 3 tbsp. chickpea flour or besan
- 1 tbsp. rice flour
- ½ tsp. carom seeds or ajwain
- 1 tsp. cayenne
- 1 tsp. amchur or dry mango powder
- 1 tsp. coriander powder
- 1 tsp. garam masala powder
- salt to taste
- Juice of ½ lemon
- 1 tbsp. oil
- I added some salt to the bitter gourd slices and kept aside for an hour. Then I squeezed them/washed them to remove the extra water and salt. This helps reduce the bitterness.
- Add all the masala powders together and sprinkle all over the bitter gourd slices.
- Mix well and leave aside to marinate for about 20 minutes.
- Now add 1 tbsp. oil and mix again. By now, the spice coating would adhere to the bitter gourd slices.
- If deep frying, heat oil in a pan and slowly fry the roundels till crispy. Drain on a kitchen paper towel and consume.
- Preheat airfryer at 160 deg C for 5 minutes.
- Brush the basket and lay out bitter gourd chips for airfrying or you can use parchment paper (helps prevent sticking).
- Airfry for 10 minutes turning once in the middle.
- Now bump up the temperature to 200 deg C and airfry for 6-8 minutes more turning once in the middle.
- Your bitter gourd chips should turn golden brown and crispy.
- Serve hot with chai.
If you liked this recipe, I request you to leave a star * rating. Thanks. | <urn:uuid:5abf0353-fd51-48e0-81f8-48b37f34b130> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://rachnacooks.com/karela-chips-recipe-bitter-gourd-chips/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.869633 | 934 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Normal Blood Sugar And Ketone Range For Ketosis
After analyzing thousands of ketone measurements, we bring you the Ketone Levels Chart!. The data is divided into five quintiles, from lowest to the highest total energy.
For each quintile, I have calculated the average, 25th percentile and 75th percentile blood ketone value .
If you are on a ketogenic diet and relatively metabolically healthy, you may see BHB ketone values between 0.3 and 1.5 mmol/L. Ketones will be higher if you are fasting, restricting calories, exercising or consuming more dietary fat than usual.
However, keep in mind that blood ketones will probably decrease over time as your body adapts to burning fat and ketones more efficiently. So try to resist the temptation to add more extra dietary fat to maintain elevated ketone levels.
Can You Raise Blood Sugar Without Food
Two products glucose gel and chewable glucose tablets are also effective at quickly raising blood sugar. Theyre available without a prescription and are recommended for people who experience frequent episodes of low blood sugar.
If youve had severe low blood sugar symptoms in the past, speak with your doctor about whether a glucagon kit is right for you. Glucagon is a hormone that triggers your liver to release glucose into the bloodstream.
These kits are only available by prescription. Theyre used to raise your blood sugar when youre not able to eat or drink, such as in a state of unconsciousness. Therefore, someone else, like a friend or family member, typically administers this medication for you.
An episode of low blood sugar that necessitates assistance from another person is by definition severe hypoglycemia. The kits come with a syringe and needle that can be used to inject glucagon into your arm, thigh, or buttocks.
Be sure to ask your doctor when and how to use a glucagon kit. Also, let your family and friends know how to use it and how to recognize a hypoglycemic emergency.
There are many different factors that can cause a dip in your blood sugar levels. Here are some of the most common causes.
Reversing Type 2 Diabetes With Nutritional Ketosis
Nutritional ketosis can sustainably reverse type 2 diabetes by directly reducing blood sugar , improving insulin sensitivity and reducing inflammation . If you are able to consistently and safely maintain nutritional ketosis , diabetes reversal becomes much more likely.
Because nutritional ketosis can lead to rapid decreases in blood sugar and blood pressure, Virta strongly recommends getting medical supervision before making any dietary changes, especially if you are on medications for blood sugar or blood pressure. A physician can help you safely reduce your medications so that they donât drive your blood sugar or blood pressure too low. Both hypoglycemic and hypotensive episodes can be very dangerous, and potentially even fatal.
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Your Body Is Building Up Insulin Resistance
As previously mentioned by Dr. Djordjevic, its possible that eating too much fat can in fact lead to insulin resistance. But what is insulin resistance and how can the keto diet cause it? Dr. Carla Hightower, physician and founder of Living Health Works, explains, The keto diet impairs your muscles ability to take up glucose in response to insulin a disorder called insulin resistance. Normally, insulin acts like a key, unlocking muscle cell membranes and allowing glucose to enter and serve as fuel, she says. But, when muscle cells become insulin resistant, glucose accumulates in the blood instead of entering the cells where it belongs. As a result, the keto diet increases the risk for high blood glucose , low energy, and fatigue.
Additionally, according to Dr. Hightower, On a keto diet, the body tends to burn not only fat but muscle, as well. This can weaken the muscles and make it difficult for people to exercise. Consequently, individuals on a keto diet are more likely to gain weight, which, by itself, causes insulin resistance . Although for some people, the keto diet may result in short-term weight loss, the diet is unhealthy and unsustainable for most people long term.
How To Balance Blood Sugar On A Low
There are different reasons that people follow low carb diets. In addition to weight loss, a primary reason is to manage blood sugar levels. Many of us follow a low-carb eating plan to keep our blood sugar normal and stable. To fully understand the connection between carb consumption and blood glucose, it’s helpful to familiarize yourself with how the body processes blood sugar in a normal state and how the process changes if someone has diabetes.
Also Check: Does Metformin Cause Heart Problems
Eat Several Smaller Balanced Meals Throughout The Day
Rather than having a large meal followed by a long break before you eat again, or eating more than youre hungry for to avoid hypoglycemia, eat several smaller meals throughout the day. Eating every 3-4 hours keeps your blood sugar levels stable and gives you energy to exercise without bonking.
Just be sure to keep your small meals balanced. A meal made entirely of carbohydrates will raise your blood sugar significantly, signaling for more insulin release and resulting in a more drastic blood sugar drop. Protein and fat affect insulin and blood sugar levels much less than carbohydrates, so eating healthy sources of protein and fat at every meal will help keep you full without throwing your blood sugar levels out of balance. Aim for a source of lean protein , a source of healthy fat , and a source of whole grains or starchy vegetables and nonstarchy vegetables at every meal.
Stable blood sugar means you wont have to load up on carbs to feel human again, so eating smaller meals regularly helps keep your calories and overall carbs down. Eating more often can also be helpful for weight loss. Eating small meals frequently keeps you from getting overly hungry, and when youre satisfied, you can more easily avoid binging on potato chips or giving in to ice cream cravings.
Apple Cider Vinegar Or Lemon
The naturally occurring acids found in apple cider vinegar and citrus fruits, namely acetic and citric acids, are a cheap and powerful way to balance blood sugar . One of the most effective ways to use these is to simply add them to your food and water.
Vinegar and lemon juice go great in many different dishes as a marinade, a dressing, or simply drizzled over top. I will often sprinkle these over a good grass-fed steak or salad to help assist in digestion and absorption as well.
Putting lemon juice and a bit of stevia in your water is another great refreshment to have throughout the day to satisfy your sweet tooth and stabilize blood sugar at the same time.
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High Blood Sugar And Chronic Disease
Type 1 diabetics dont make enough insulin. Thats why they need intranasal or injectable insulin to regulate their blood sugar levels.
Type 2 diabetics, on other hand, are insulin resistant. Very insulin resistant. And unlike type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes is in large part a lifestyle disease.
High carb diets create insulin resistance, which often develops into full blown diabetes.
Thanks to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetics suffer a slew of metabolic problems including:
Unfortunately, the insulin resistance disease parade doesnt stop with diabetes. Obesity, hyperglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia also increase your risk for the big three:
Insulin not only regulates blood sugar, but also cellular growth and proliferation. Insulin is a growth factor telling your tissues to grow, repair, and store energy.
Unfortunately, insulin also tells cancer cells to grow possibly by boosting a growth factor called IGF-1. Because of this, researchers have been exploring the link between insulin resistance and cancer.
#2: Heart Disease
Everything about diabetes obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia increases the risk for heart issues. Researchers have suggested, in fact, that high blood sugar is often to blame for cardiovascular complications in insulin resistant individuals.
The most common cause of death for type 2 diabetics? Heart disease.
#3: Neurodegenerative Disease
Easy. With less carbs.
What The Researchers Found
People following a low-carbohydrate diet had lower blood sugar levels than people following a higher-carbohydrate diet up to six months after starting their diets. There was a direct relationship between the percentage of dietary carbohydrates and blood sugar levels: people who ate fewer carbohydrates had lower blood sugar levels. There was also evidence that people on low-carbohydrate diets were also able to use lower doses of diabetes medication. The benefits were short-term, and it is not clear whether people are likely to adhere to low-carbohydrate diets in the long-term. The low-carbohydrate diets did not significantly improve cholesterol levels, weight or BMI, and quality of life.
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How Can I Prevent Low Blood Sugar
Your best bet is to practice good diabetes management and learn to detect hypoglycemia so you can treat it earlybefore it gets worse.
Monitoring blood sugar, with either a meter or a CGM, is the tried and true method for preventing hypoglycemia. Studies consistently show that the more a person checks blood sugar, the lower his or her risk of hypoglycemia. This is because you can see when blood sugar levels are dropping and can treat it before it gets too low.
If you can, check often!
- Check before and after meals.
- Check before and after exercise .
- Check before bed.
- After intense exercise, also check in the middle of the night.
- Check more if things around you change such as, a new insulin routine, a different work schedule, an increase in physical activity, or travel across time zones.
Youre Eating Too Much Fat
The ketogenic diet is a big fan of healthy fats, but could too much fat could be hurting our blood glucose levels. Dr. Nikola Djordjevic, MD from MedAlertHelp.org explains that the general assumption of the ketogenic diet lowering blood glucose levels is only partially correct. Some individuals do experience high levels of glucose in their blood while on a ketogenic diet. The reason for this is that substituting fat for sugar isnt exactly sustainable over time, she explains. Whats important to understand is that the glucose in your blood is dependent on both carbohydrate and fat intake. According to Dr. Djordjevic, when you consume too much dietary fat, you can actually increase your insulin resistance. This results in high glucose levels in your blood and can lead to conditions such as high cholesterol. It can also increase your risk of developing chronic diseases.
While its true that cutting down on carbs will definitely help reduce glucose levels in the short term, says Dr. Djordjevic, I wouldnt recommend loading up on dietary fat in order to achieve ketosis, since, in the long-term, it can affect your insulin resistance and lead to more serious health conditions.
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Drinking Too Little Water Leaving Yourself At Risk For Dehydration
Left unchecked, going low-carb can increase the risk of dehydration, as well as electrolyte imbalances, Urbanski explains. This happens because when the body stores carbohydrates, it stores water along with it. Furthermore, in response to reduced blood sugar levels, the body doesnt produce as much insulin. In turn, the kidneys expel both water and sodium from the body, she says.
Also, if your low-carb plan involves removing a lot of sodium-laden foods like potato chips from your diet , it can also lower sodium levels.
Both dehydration and too-low sodium levels can bring on lightheadedness and dizziness, as well as keep the cells throughout the entire body from optimally functioning, she says. Keep open lines of communication with your healthcare team before loading up on salty foods, however. In people with uncontrolled high blood pressure or congestive heart failure, for example, increasing sodium intake may not be a healthy option, she says. As for water intake, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine recommends 13 cups of fluid per day for men and about 9 cups per day for women, but ask your healthcare team about the optimal amount of fluid for your individual health.
Check out Diabetes Daily’s article “How to Start a Low-Carb Diabetes Diet” for more information on this popular eating plan.
How To Keep Blood Sugar Levels Low: Eat Fewer Carbs
The simplest way to lower blood sugar is to eat fewer carbs. Fewer carbs, lower blood sugar.
Less insulin too. Your insulin response is a function of your carbohydrate intake. Fewer carbs, lower blood sugar, less insulin.
And when you lower insulin a fat storage hormone you also store less fat.
Low insulin tells your fat cells to break apart into free fatty acids a process called lipolysis.
Once released into your blood, free fatty acids yearn to be burned.
This is your body saying: hey, my blood sugar is getting low, I need start burning fat for energy.
Fatty acids, however, arent converted directly to energy. First they need to become BHB or acetoacetate.
In other words, they need to become ketones. Ketones then go through the Krebs cycle to form ATP or usable energy for your cells.
Think of ketones as your fat-powered alternative to glucose. When you enter ketosis: instead of relying on carbs for energy, you now rely on fat.
Good news if youre trying to burn fat, lose weight, and keep your blood sugar down.
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Side Effects Of A Ketogenic Diet
With every change in the diet comes an adaptation period. With a ketogenic diet, the adaption is significant as the body has to switch its fuel source from glucose to fat. When this happens, it is not uncommon to experience a collection of side effects called keto-flu. This usually goes away within about four weeks.
Keto Diet And Exercise
Starting on a ketogenic diet can influence your exercise performance in multiple ways, both positive and negative. During the first 1-2 weeks , you will most likely see a decrease in energy and athletic performance across the board while your body adjusts to the new diet. This is perfectly normal and should NOT be a cause for concern or make you abandon the diet.
When your body has adapted to the ketogenic diet, you will most likely experience that cardio returns to its previous level of difficulty, but strength training may or may not be harder.
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What Is The Best Ice Cream For A Diabetic To Eat
The following are the best brands and flavors for those who have diabetes. Blue Bunny Ice Cream: This brand offers vanilla and chocolate options. Both contain 20 grams of carbohydrates per ?-cup serving. Breyers Creamy Vanilla: This contains minimal fat and 17 g of total carbohydrates per ? cup.
Thousands of people suffering from erratic blood sugar has been using this ground-breaking solution
To help them burn away dangerous fat from their vital organs and bellies
While stabilizing their blood sugar levels naturally and effectively.
And starting today
Blood Glucose Level For Optimal Ketosis
Our understanding of the ketogenic diet is evolving quickly as keto has grown in popularity. However, there is still a lot of confusion around what constitutes optimal ketone levels.
While many people are eager to try a ketogenic diet, the reality is that it is hard for most people to achieve and maintain what are commonly considered to be optimal ketone levels without extended fasting or continuing to add more and more refined dietary fat.
But the problem is, prioritising more dietary fat is typically counterproductive over the long term if your goal is weight loss or diabetes management. Before long, youll likely find that you are putting on extra body fat which in turn will lead to higher insulin levels and elevated blood sugar levels.
I had the privilege of having Dr Steve Phinney stay at our place recently for a couple of days when he spoke at a Low Carb Down Under event in Brisbane. During this time, I quizzed him about the background to his optimal ketosis chart.
Steve said the optimal ketosis chart was based on the blood ketone levels of participants in two studiesdone in the 1980s. One was with cyclists who had adapted to ketosis over a period of six weeks and another ketogenic weight loss study. In both cases, these optimal ketone levels were observed in people who had recently transitioned into a state of nutritional ketosis.
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Safety On A Ketogenic Diet
There is generally a lack of long-term studies into the safety and effectiveness of ketogenic diets and, this is why a doctors opinion is needed before starting the diet.
There are a few groups of people for whom a ketogenic diet may not be suitable, or at the very least, warrants close supervision.
These include pregnant women, children, people at risk of hypoglycemia, people with a very low BMI, and those with conditions that a ketogenic diet may exacerbate.
How Do I Test My Blood Sugar
Consider testing your blood sugar at the same time as your ketones to get a more holistic perspective of whatâs happening in your body. For instance, is that new low-carb protein bar going to keep you in ketosis without spiking your blood sugar? Thereâs really only one way to find out: Testing both ketones and blood glucose.
You can even use both of these readings to determine where you sit on the Glucose Ketone Index .
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Feeling Liberated And Keeping It That Way
When she started the keto diet, Leles A1C levels were at 10 percent. Six months later, she had cut them down to 6 percent. Now no longer needing to inject herself four times per day and deal with the resulting bruises she says she feels liberated by the experience.
Im no longer on insulin, and I have cut down my medications due to keto. I never had to deal with trying to find a spot to inject or having to deal with bruises on my belly, she says. I know this may sound silly, but I have a picture of my old insulin syringes in my wallet. I look at it to remind me of what I had to do before keto. It grounds me, and when I have days of self-doubt, I remind myself how far Ive come.
That said, it hasnt been all easy.
The hardest part about living with type 2 is knowing that you have a serious chronic disease thats always following you, says Lele. There has never been a day when I dont think about my type 2 diabetes.
From monitoring symptoms of hyper- and hypoglycemia and dealing with a weakened immune system to trying to enjoy a regular meal, she says that theres always a constant reminder: When it comes to social gatherings, its almost depressing because youre obsessing about what you should, and can, eat. Its a constant battle in your head. | <urn:uuid:e70ee14b-8fc1-4101-bf9d-f1acffdd154d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.diabetescaretalk.net/how-to-raise-blood-sugar-on-keto/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573540.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819005802-20220819035802-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.932257 | 4,023 | 2.046875 | 2 |
If your carbon monoxide detector continues to go off at odd times of the day, it’s a severe issue that you should take seriously.
Before fixing this issue, you should call for help right away. You should not take a carbon monoxide leak lightly. After confirming that it’s just a false alarm, you can change the detector’s battery, open your windows to reduce moisture buildup, and move any appliances that are near it to a safe distance.
This post will teach you why carbon monoxide detectors go off in the middle of the night and how to fix it.
- 1 Why Do Carbon Monoxide Detectors Go Off in the Middle of Night?
- 2 How to Fix My Carbon Monoxide Detector That Goes Off in the Middle of the Night?
- 3 Frequently Asked Questions
- 4 Conclusion
Why Do Carbon Monoxide Detectors Go Off in the Middle of Night?
The low battery life of a carbon monoxide detector is one of the reasons why it triggers in the middle of the night. Other factors such as the low temperature and a carbon monoxide leak can also cause it to go off.
Carbon Monoxide Leaks
Are you sure that the carbon monoxide alarm is a fake? Also, do you know what to do when it goes off? You should always take the activation seriously and immediately evacuate the building if you are not sure it’s working correctly.
Getting sick from carbon monoxide poisoning can be incredibly frightening, especially if you don’t have any warning signs. The initial symptoms can be weak, and by the time you realize something is wrong, you might not be able to get help.
If you’re experiencing some symptoms such as headaches or dizziness, this could indicate that the carbon monoxide detector is working correctly.
Sometimes, the carbon monoxide leak source might not be your home. It could be coming from a neighboring property. If the room is heavily traveled, the traffic exhaust could contribute to the issue.
Too Close to Appliances
Some appliances, such as ovens, can produce carbon monoxide when they’re running. Although these levels are harmless, they can still trigger a carbon monoxide detector.
If the detector is too close to an appliance or the room is not ventilated correctly, it can create a carbon monoxide buildup. Contrary to popular belief, carbon monoxide is not as heavy as air.
This item is slightly lighter, making it ideal for detecting carbon monoxide in rooms without ventilation. It doesn’t require much effort to trigger a false alarm.
Using an indoor heater or a dryer not vented correctly can create a buildup of carbon monoxide in the air. Before using these types of equipment, make sure they’re labeled and installed according to the manufacturer’s guidelines.
Although moisture can’t trigger a false alarm, it can still lead to issues with your carbon monoxide detector. It is because excess water can cause it to malfunction. It can also harm your electronics when too much moisture enters them.
Do not install carbon monoxide detectors in bathrooms and other home areas that could be prone to experiencing carbon monoxide buildup.
It can be tough to tell if the issue is with the carbon monoxide detector. However, replacing it is the only way to ensure that the original problem resolves. You should only install the new sensor in a room that has a source of excess moisture.
Despite being made to be incredibly reliable, carbon monoxide detectors can still fail. It is because their internal circuits might eventually give out.
One pair of exposed wires can cause a malfunction in your detector. Even if you inspect the device, the issue might not be apparent. If your detector’s batteries are defective, they might also start leaking. Having them checked regularly can help prevent this issue.
If the detector still works after you press the test button, it might be because its electronics are in good condition. However, this doesn’t mean that everything is working correctly. Try moving it to a different area to see if the issue persists.
If you have a problem with your home’s wiring, it could indicate something incorrectly. Having an electrician come out and check it out can help you avoid costly repairs later on. It can also help keep you from getting frustrated and dealing with the issue in the first place.
How to Fix My Carbon Monoxide Detector That Goes Off in the Middle of the Night?
If your carbon monoxide detector is not working correctly, you must replace its battery immediately. Doing so will allow you to prevent it from going off at night.
Replace the Battery
If the low battery level is the main reason the detector goes off at night, it’s time to replace it. Having a carbon monoxide detector that doesn’t work correctly can be hazardous. Having a new battery can also prevent the incident from happening in the first place.
If the battery of your carbon monoxide detector is non-removable, then it’s probably time to replace it.
Even though your carbon monoxide detector is brand new, its battery might still have a problem. You can test it or replace it by itself. If you do not remove the battery, you might have to buy a new one.
Buy a New Carbon Monoxide Detector
Some brands of carbon monoxide detectors require people to replace their units every couple of years. For instance, Kidde recommends replacing their units after ten years.
If you have a carbon monoxide detector used for a while, you might want to replace it with a newer model. However, if you’re not sure it’s old enough, you can always substitute it with a brand new one.
Before replacing an older carbon monoxide detector, ensure you have the user manual. It will give you a notion of how long it should last. You can also check out the manufacturer’s website or contact their customer service department.
Clean the Detector
If the detector triggers, it could be because of the dirt and dust in its chamber. Before you install it, make sure that you will not place it in a location that can expose it to dust. Also, make sure that it’s not too close to your furnace.
When the detector is still going off in the middle of the night, it might be because there is a loose wire. You can also try loosening the nut of the detector.
Frequently Asked Questions
What to Do When Carbon Monoxide Detector Goes off in the Middle of the Night?
An evacuation is immediately necessary if a carbon monoxide detector goes off at night. Homeowners should also open their doors and windows to allow ventilation and turn off all their appliances to prevent carbon monoxide from entering their homes.
Can a Carbon Monoxide Detector Goes off for No Reason?
The carbon monoxide sensor will not go off entirely for no reason. Many causes can trigger it, like carbon monoxide leak, low battery life, too much moisture, and loose wirings inside the device. It can happen if the internal resistance of the detector gets activated.
Before you fix a carbon monoxide issue, make sure that you call for help immediately. It’s important to confirm that a carbon monoxide leak warning is a false alarm. You can change the battery of your detector, open your windows, and put away appliances near it.
One of the essential factors that you should consider when it comes to the battery life of your carbon monoxide detector is to make sure that it is working correctly.
If it is not working correctly, it will cause the low-temperature level in the house to go off at night. You can also substitute the battery if it is non-functional or if it is an old one. | <urn:uuid:b3670d38-d08d-492b-8013-aac5e5e32441> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://idealhomeadvice.com/my-carbon-monoxide-detector-goes-off-in-the-middle-of-the-night-how-to-fix/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571869.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813021048-20220813051048-00067.warc.gz | en | 0.92887 | 1,630 | 2.375 | 2 |
Nearly 300 doctors, nurses, and other medical professionals turned out in Augusta Friday to talk about health reform. Some of the tone revolved around how much talk there is about change, but no action. Quality Counts 6 (QC6) is the latest in a series of conferences to promote the transformational changes needed to create dramatic and sustainable improvements in health and healthcare in Maine. The conference provided an opportunity for a diverse set of stakeholders to consider a bold set of statewide quality goals and examine them in the context of our complex healthcare system. Two priorities Dr. Janet Corrigan who is a national leader in improving health care quality says reorganizing the system starting with strengthening hospital and primary care provider relationships should be a priority. Quality Counts 6 is made possible by the support of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the Maine Aligning Forces for Quality initiative. | <urn:uuid:31b12a9f-506e-4e79-90f1-f418c01c5fd3> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://wabi.tv/2009/04/17/health-reform-hundreds-turn-out-in-augusta-to-turn-talk-into-action/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988725475.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183845-00509-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94391 | 171 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Small Business Guide to Coronavirus7 min read
Our guide to managing the impact of COVID-19 and where to go for accurate information.
Whilst it is important not to panic there are certain steps that should be taken by SMEs to mitigate the potential impact on their businesses. Follow the below guide, filled with advice and tips on how to help manage the situation.
- Stay up-to-date with the latest advice and guidance around keeping yourself, your employees and your customers safe. You'll also need to make sure that your suppliers and customers are kept abreast of your situation and your suppliers should be updating you too.
- Look at the advice for employees and employers from ACAS. Click here for ACAS information.
- Develop operation plans to enable you to work with a reduced team, should the need arise. See the latest Coronavirus action plan here.
- Does your staff have the resources to work from home? (Prepare resources to enable home working where possible.)
- Is your home working policy in place? Click here for more information.
- Are your workers multidisciplinary? Where possible ensure that your staff are able to work across teams/could pick up other people's work.
- Take Preventative measures as advised by trusted sources:
Click here for Coronavirus information provided by the NHS.
Click here for Coronavirus information from the World Health Information website.
- Share the latest information on Coronavirus with your staff. Click here for the Government guidance.
- Promote good personal hygiene in the workplace, if possible, put up guidance around workspaces and email employees with the latest advice to follow if there are any updates or changes. As well as providing appropriate hygiene supplies such as antibacterial hand wash, sanitiser, paper towels, surface sprays, etc.
- If an employee is suspected to have Coronavirus you should follow the most up-to-date advice, as mentioned above and get the individual to self-isolate immediately, following the latest protocol. If the employee is well but exhibiting signs then they may be able to continue working from home, if not then self-isolation should be treated as sick leave. You can find out more about this in the UK Government’s guidance to employers and businesses.
- Some businesses are choosing to have all their employees working from home, even without displaying any symptoms. This is something that you can consider, but ultimately you have to decide what's best for your employees and your business.
- The Government recently, (in March 2020), announced the new budget with updated measures and support for small businesses in relation to Coronavirus. You can read our article with the relevant information here.
- You can also take a look at Wenta's latest articles on 'Grant funding applications' and 'Business support measures, grants and schemes' both in relation to the COVID-19 crisis.
- Audit your stock levels – be sensible about overstocking as this may just cause unnecessary shortages.
- Assess risks to your supply chains to understand the effect of any potential impact to your business. Engage with your suppliers and speak to other stakeholders like banks, insurance providers, to mitigate against any disruptions.
- Identify any suppliers that may be based in an impacted area, try to find alternatives or back-up options if there are any issues. See the following links to manufacturing networks:
- Understand the terms of your contract with customers and if you have concerns talk to a legal advisor. Click for the Law Society.
- Maintain a positive cash flow. See advice here.
- Where possible, foreign travel should be avoided and you should be replacing these meetings with virtual conferencing. You should also make sure that you are aware of your employees' personal travel plans and recent trips abroad. Click here for Government's travel guidance.
- For those that have to travel, click here for advice for travellers.
- Above anything else, the biggest advice is to keep calm, yes you need to be mindful and take all the necessary precautions, but stay calm so you can keep a clear head and manage the situation as effectively as possible.
Got a business question?
We're here to help. Get in touch.
Book your free appointment below: | <urn:uuid:abb6a350-d8e6-434a-8382-2e5a94d212fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wenta.co.uk/the-business-bookshelf/articles/small-business-guide-to-coronavirus/?ufprt=224A7F612D8A74898CB2B2F8D351852F17A967339C19D4959281AD3FAD5BD509FECF03BF4711F62108A540CC6635AB99A2E4BCFCD071AE1831074325CAA78E7544F013E4875FC62D6FF4B2BCA80640D9D18C01634A4F3B601A7C4B07F9BDA9B58499BDA9ACEB2C99ADBA9E70D26EEE9D8AA951021ABEA8BB7BCAE25380FE7BD6 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572161.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815054743-20220815084743-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.940505 | 940 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Kemopetrol squad - extra info : capitalism
Capitalism is a system of politics.
It arises from the following simple systematic understanding:
Man is an individual and reason is his means of knowledge.
Individual rights recognize man's need to act individually on his knowledge.
Private property, free markets, and rule of law institute and protect individual rights.
Capitalism is the system of government which implements these principles. Nothing more, nothing less.
Bullshit says i.
Related : capitalism.com, bullshit.com. | <urn:uuid:e25aaff4-865d-48ff-a8f8-3d6d32b74428> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://scalies.net/anti/capital.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.920793 | 118 | 2.140625 | 2 |
be reflected and refracted. To understand a mirage you must first
understand how temperature affects the path light takes. If light
travels through constant temperature then it will travel in a straight
line. Considering light as a photon it makes sense that these photons
would take the shortest path. Much like electricity takes the path of
least resistance. Cold air has a higher index of refraction than hot
air does. This is due to the fact that cold air is more dense than hot
air and light travels slower through it.
Air does not have uniform temperature. In fact it
has layers of different temperatures that get lower as you climb in
height. The picture above illustrates the path that light takes during
an average mirage. In the case of a mirage you notice that the angle of
refraction is greater than the angle of incidence. This bending of
light makes you see the sky where there should be sand. Providing the
illusion of water. | <urn:uuid:3968aec2-51f5-450a-84f7-90508dad29cf> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://ffden-2.phys.uaf.edu/211_fall2010.web.dir/John_Dutton/Page3.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279915.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00283-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.876009 | 202 | 3.984375 | 4 |
Model deployment is the most important aspect of developing a machine learning product. The development of every product starts with an idea and then we check if it’s feasible or not. Once we are sure that it is feasible we gather the data and start developing a model for it. During the model development, we also keep in mind the accuracy of the model, as well as its size and inference time as all of these factors, are very important for deploying the model but despite doing all these things sometimes we are settled with a model that has good accuracy but its inference time is not so good which might affect both the cost and user experience of the product hence such models needs to be optimized for inference as much as possible so that we can minimize the inference time to as low as possible.
In this blog, we will explore the way by which we can optimize a T5 model for fast inference on a GPU.
Table of Contents
We were using the T5 model in our product PrepAI which is a question generation platform where users can upload different kinds of documents, videos, or copy and paste texts and the platform automatically generates different kinds of questions with the provided content. Hence we decided to work on optimizing the T5 model. In this tutorial, we will consider the T5 model is trained for translation tasks and will do the comparison on translation tasks only.
As a developer whenever we think of optimizing a model for the Nvidia GPU, TensorRT is the obvious choice that comes to our mind because it transforms the model’s graph into a form that can benefit from the architectural structure of the GPU. It achieves this by replacing certain operations in a graph with other operations which are equivalent to this operation but have less computational overhead. It also fuses certain operations together into one and reduces the computational overhead this process is known as graph fusion.
We thought of trying the TensorRT for optimizing our T5 model. For this, we used the same codes in the official Nvidia repo to implement the optimization as we just wanted to see how much performance can be achieved by using the implementation. We found out that the model was around 3-4x faster for smaller sequences like <100 tokens but after that, the model starts to slow down, and at 512 tokens long sequences it becomes slower than the original torch model. At that time according to certain developers, there was some bug with TensorRT which later got fixed later on when we switched to the next phase in optimization involving ONNX.
Later on, we also found that the implementation also excludes the past key values caching which is essential for speedup on longer sequences. However, this can change in the future and TensorRT might beat other implementations but at the time of writing this blog, it hasn’t been implemented yet.
After trying out the TensorRT we decided to optimize the model with ONNX runtime. Converting any model to ONNX and applying little optimization automatically speed up the model by a small bit. During optimizing the model ONNX does basic operations like removing unused nodes, conversion of variables to constant, etc.
For models like BERT, BART, GPT-2, Roberta, etc the ONNX also implements graph fusion which fuses the graphs of these models similar to the way TensorRT does. But unfortunately, the T5 model is not available yet. Since graph optimization was out of the plate the obvious method seemed to us was the conversion of the model into float16.
The T5 model is an encoder-decoder model hence we tried to optimize the encoder first and then the decoder next. For doing this we utilized the ONNX runtime transformer optimization package. We first all the nodes of the ONNX encoder graph to float 16 and tried to evaluate the speed and accuracy of the model. We observed that converting all the nodes in the encoder destabilizes the encoder and hence the encoder only produces NAN values.
The reason for this is that the encoder has a lot of operations which doesn’t work well in float16. Also, the T5 was never designed to be fully compatible with float16 but with bfloat16 and float32 data types. Hence we decided to identify those unstable nodes and keep them in float32 only doing that kept our model stable as well as improved the speed of the model.
The next part is to optimize the decoder part of the model. Optimizing the decoder is more important than optimizing the encoder as in each generation the number of times an encoder run is for 1 time while the decoder runs for n times where n is the length of the target sentence. Similar to the encoder we started by converting all the nodes in the decoder part of the model into float16 and then evaluating to see how this has affected the accuracy and speed of the model we noticed that the model was not so fast for smaller sequences and it became slower for longer sequences.
Digging deep into the ONNX runtime and some open source libraries we came to know about the cause behind this slowing. It was related to the data movement between the GPU memory and the RAM. We know that the decoder accepts the decoder_input_ids and the encoder_ouputs for generating the next token. Each time a prediction is made the input is transferred from RAM to GPU memory and after the calculation when the output which is in ORT format needs to be converted into NumPy which can only be done after moving the data back to CPU. The sizes of these tensors would be large. Moving these tensors consumes a lot of time and hence our model becomes slow as the size of the target output increases as data movement operations increase. We got the solution to this problem by using IO bindings with ONNX.
ONNX runtime also provides options to bind inputs and outputs using IO bindings. In this methodology when the input is created it is created as a CUDA tensor which is stored in the GPU memory. For output, we create an empty tensor of the same shape as what would be the output of the calculation. For example, the output of the encoder is determined by the batch size and seq length hence using this parameter we can predict the output size of the decoder as (batch_size,seq_length,768) using this shape value we initialize an empty tensor and we bind the output of the ONNX runtime to this tensor using data pointer of this tensor.
After the ONNX runtime completes its execution it writes the result into this empty tensor and now since this is a tensor there is no need to convert it to NumPy to access its values or to process it further hence by doing so we have avoided the expensive data movement operations during the inference. Doing this improved our model performance and now the model was around 2x faster for smaller sequences and for 512 tokens long sequences also it was around 1.2-1.5 times faster for larger batches it would sometimes reach just 1.05x faster which was not so good hence we decided to explore more into the optimization.
Upon researching further into the architectural details of T5 we came to know from various sources that past_key_values can be used to improve the performance of the model on long sequences. The past_key_values are the key, query, and values pair of the transformer. Many of these values remain constant during the generation period. Hence if we cache these values and use the same for the generation we might be able to save a lot of computational power.
To avoid the performance drop for the longer sequences we decided to convert the model to ONNX with past key values. For achieving the same we have used the inspiration from the fastT5 library and we use the same code base for conversion. The fastT5 module converts the model into three individual models: an encoder and two decoders. When doing the conversion we disabled the quantization option of the FastT5 module as it quantizes the weights to int8 which is not beneficial for the optimization of GPU.
We then quantize these models into float16. This time we don’t quantize all the weights in any of the models. But rather than we keep the nodes like ‘Pow’, ‘ReduceMean’, ‘Sqrt’, ‘Softmax’, and ‘Relu’ in float32 as these have exponential components and hence the slight error in any stage can have a large impact on the results so we avoid these nodes.
Further, we experimented with converting different nodes and checking their accuracies as well as their performance. Having been satisfied with the result we decided to implement the bindings for these ONNX models.
The way in which we implemented the IO bindings for past_key_values was slightly different from what we did in our previous implementation. In IO bindings one must know the shape of the output tensor to which you want to bind the value. It was slightly difficult to guess and implement the output shape of the past key values hence we choose to directly convert the ORT values to cuda tensor through the ort_val_to_cuda_tensor function of the ONNX training module. This function directly converts the ORT values to cuda tensor with the help of dlpack without transferring the data to CPU. Doing so we saved a lot of time in the implementation.
Our new optimized model was more than 2x faster for a batch size up to 4 and was around 1.3x faster for a batch size of 15+. The sequence length used for doing this test was 512 tokens and the model was t5-base. This variation comes from the fact that as the batch size grows the size of the past key values to be cached also grows and it depends on the available GPU memory on how much of it can be cached hence having a GPU with more GPU memory will in turn help in maintaining the speed for larger batches as well.
We checked the model’s accuracy using an exact match approach, some of the examples of which are shown in the below table. For the translation task for 100 examples, the dataset exact match was 100. | <urn:uuid:adffa839-3a50-4fe8-91e9-2c1baf5da5f6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.datatobiz.com/blog/optimizing-the-t5-model-for-fast-inference/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.946813 | 2,097 | 2.28125 | 2 |
I am an environmental activist, and for almost a year, my husband and I have struggled to understand how our environmental commitments bear on our decision about whether to have children. So when I picked up Sandra Steingraber’s new book Having Faith: An Ecologist’s Journey to Motherhood,, I was immediately drawn in by the opening sentence: “Every woman who becomes pregnant brings to the experience her various identities.”
288 pages, 2001
In Having Faith, Steingraber weaves together her own identity as an ecologist and her experience of pregnancy and nursing with data from case studies, birth defect registries, and lab tests. The result is an absorbing book that bridges what Steingraber calls “the disconnect between what we know scientifically and what is presented to pregnant women seeking knowledge about prenatal life.”
Having Faith is a welcome addition to the small but growing body of environmental literature about parenting. Bill McKibben’s Maybe One: A Case for Smaller Families explores the consequences for children and their families of an ecologically-based choice to have just one child. In Hunting for Hope: A Father’s Journey,, Scott Russell Sanders describes the future he would like to help create so that his 17-year-old son can face life with confidence and his newly married daughter can choose to have a child. Like the act of childbearing itself, these books embody deep faith in the future — in our ability to create a world worthy of our children.
Unlike either of those books, Having Faith is written by a woman — a salient difference, in this case, because it allows Steingraber to incorporate first-hand experience into her work. Because of her background in ecology, Steingraber went into her pregnancy asking the kinds of questions other mothers-to-be generally do not: “How do toxic chemicals cross the tough sponge of the placenta? How do they find their way into amniotic fluid? How do they enter the milk-making globes in the back of the breast? What are the effects for the child of these earliest encounters with synthetic chemicals?” These were exactly the questions that interested me as a prospective parent — and Steingraber’s answers filled me with both horror and hope.
The first nine chapters of Having Faith correspond to the months of pregnancy and examine the effects of environmental contamination at each stage. In these chapters, Steingraber repeats the tales that should have alerted us once and for all to the terrible damage that can be done to a fetus by outside agents — thalidomide, mercury, the synthetic hormone DES. She mines these stories for lessons: Fetuses are more susceptible to toxics than adults; some toxics may be “unsafe at any dosage”; the timing of the exposure may be more important than the amount.
In an ironic twist on the eco-feminist notion that the world is reflected in a woman’s womb, Steingraber notes that whatever is in the Earth’s water is in her uterus. Although only one study has ever been conducted on environmental contamination in amniotic fluid (and although that study was not very extensive), its results were alarming: Detectable levels of organochlorine compounds were found in one-third of the 30 samples tested. The amniotic fluid, which plays a key role in developing fetal immune systems, was also contaminated with immune-suppressing PCBs. DDT, known to interfere with sex hormone functioning, was found in concentrations equivalent to the fetus’s own sex hormones.
Toxic chemicals are also found in breast milk, and in the second part of the book, Steingraber shifts her focus from pregnancy to nursing. Based on both scientific data and her own experiences, she weighs the pros and cons of breast feeding versus bottle feeding. Steingraber points out that breast milk is the most contaminated food people consume during their lifetimes; hence it is babies, not adults, who receive the highest concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), chemicals which persist in the environment, bioaccumulate in fat, and are known to be toxic. Although she concludes that the benefits of breast milk still make it the best food for babies, she also explores evidence that contamination may be approaching levels at which the adverse effects of the chemicals outweigh the benefits.
We Shall Not Abstain
One evening as we took a walk, my husband asked me whether Having Faith was affecting my own thinking about the decision to have a child. I shared with him information I had just read that was particularly relevant to our situation: Steingraber’s discussion of studies that found increased risks of birth defects for babies born in agricultural areas, even if the parents did not work in agriculture. That’s us. One study Steingraber cites was conducted fewer than 200 miles from my home, at Lake Rathbun reservoir in south-central Iowa. The reservoir water, like much of Iowa’s surface water, contains high levels of the pesticide atrazine. Researchers found that those who drank water from the reservoir gave birth to babies with elevated rates of missing or abnormally shortened fingers, toes, arms, or legs, and malformations of the urinary and genital tracts, as well as congenital heart problems.
Photo: Clark Williams-Derry.
“There’s also a seasonal effect,” I told him. “That study documented an increased number of birth defects among babies conceived in agricultural areas in the spring, when pesticide use is highest. So if we’re going to do this, maybe we need to decide soon, or wait until summer.”
He was silent for a moment, then said, “I don’t think we can worry about everything.”
This is precisely Steingraber’s point — as individuals, we can’t worry about everything. Our culture encourages us to believe we can protect ourselves and our babies by what we avoid: by not drinking impure water, not eating fish, not living in Iowa, not conceiving in the spring. It’s a profoundly negative way of thinking, the antithesis of the advice a friend gave us regarding our decision of whether to have a baby: “You have to decide what you’re going to say ‘yes’ to.” Steingraber’s point is precisely that saying no, as individuals, will not protect us. Only a giant cultural “no” to producing these chemicals can permit us as individuals to say “yes” without fear.
And a cultural “no” can be very effective. Steingraber notes that levels of DDT in breast milk have been declining, and a new treaty to ban POPs should cause them to drop even further. She also suggests that mothers have enormous potential political power. In 1999, testifying at a negotiation round for the POPs treaty, Steingraber passed a bottle of her own contaminated breast milk around a spellbound gathering of high-powered politicians. She also envisions pregnant women marching on Washington, singing a new version of an old song, “We shall not abstain.”
As a culture, we can make decisions that protect children’s health. We have done it in the past, and we can do it again. This is the hope that suffuses the book: The “faith” in the title refers not only to Steingraber’s newborn daughter, but also to her vision for a healthier future.
Get Grist in your inbox | <urn:uuid:4fa32530-df27-4a4b-a964-8a7bda8200dc> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://grist.org/article/higgins-freese-baby/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00308-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.963037 | 1,579 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Located where the Esplanade meets Market Street and occupying the ground floor of Watchet’s former Market House is Watchet Market House Museum.
The Market House is a two-storied stone building which was constructed during 1819-20 with open arches to the ground floor and an open staircase at its west end to the upper floor, under which was the Court Leet lock-up. The market was held on Saturdays and continued until the 1830s. The ground floor was later converted to a shop and from the 1920s the upper floor was used as a mission church, now known as Holy Cross Chapel.
The museum is open from 21st March to 1st November 2016, 10.30am – 4.30pm daily. | <urn:uuid:9ebdadeb-ddf7-4ee9-8a5e-6b9850d0c39c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.watchetmuseum.co.uk/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00447-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.993628 | 152 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Disclaimer: The practice guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) are developed by members of the ACMG and NSGC to assist medical geneticists, genetic counselors, and other health-care providers in making decisions about appropriate management of genetic concerns, including access to and/or delivery of services. Each practice guideline focuses on a clinical or practice-based issue and is the result of a review and analysis of current professional literature believed to be reliable. As such, information and recommendations within the ACMG and NSGC joint practice guidelines reflect the current scientific and clinical knowledge at the time of publication, are current only as of their publication date, and are subject to change without notice as advances emerge. In addition, variations in practice, which take into account the needs of the individual patient and the resources and limitations unique to the institution or type of practice, may warrant approaches, treatments, and/or procedures that differ from the recommendations outlined in this guideline. Therefore, these recommendations should not be construed as dictating an exclusive course of management, nor does the use of such recommendations guarantee a particular outcome. Genetic counseling practice guidelines are never intended to displace a health-care provider’s best medical judgment based on the clinical circumstances of a particular patient or patient population. Practice guidelines are published by the ACMG or the NSGC for educational and informational purposes only, and neither the ACMG nor the NSGC “approve” or “endorse” any specific methods, practices, or sources of information.
Cancer genetic consultation is an important aspect of the care of individuals at increased risk of a hereditary cancer syndrome. Yet several patient, clinician, and system-level barriers hinder identification of individuals appropriate for cancer genetics referral. Thus, the purpose of this practice guideline is to present a single set of comprehensive personal and family history criteria to facilitate identification and maximize appropriate referral of at-risk individuals for cancer genetic consultation. To develop this guideline, a literature search for hereditary cancer susceptibility syndromes was conducted using PubMed. In addition, GeneReviews and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines were reviewed when applicable. When conflicting guidelines were identified, the evidence was ranked as follows: position papers from national and professional organizations ranked highest, followed by consortium guidelines, and then peer-reviewed publications from single institutions. The criteria for cancer genetic consultation referral are provided in two formats: (i) tables that list the tumor type along with the criteria that, if met, would warrant a referral for a cancer genetic consultation and (ii) an alphabetical list of the syndromes, including a brief summary of each and the rationale for the referral criteria that were selected. Consider referral for a cancer genetic consultation if your patient or any of their first-degree relatives meet any of these referral criteria.
Genet Med advance online publication 13 November 2014
Cancer genetic consultation services include the evaluation of patients’ personal and family history for concerning features of hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes, development of a differential diagnosis for one or more possible hereditary cancer syndromes, genetic testing if indicated and available, recommendations for management, cancer surveillance and prevention, and information regarding genetic counseling and genetic testing for at-risk relatives. This counseling is informed by the genetic risk assessment or diagnosis, which typically includes personal and family history, genetic and other laboratory results, results from procedures and imaging studies, and physical examination findings. Genetic counseling is an important component of the genetic consultation; it entails a discussion about the clinical and genetic aspects of a suspected diagnosis—including the mode of inheritance, identification of family members at risk, and discussion of the benefits, risks, and limitations of genetic testing and the alternative to not test—and helps patients make informed decisions about genetic testing considering their health-care needs, preferences, and values. Genetic testing performed without pre- and posttest genetic counseling by qualified clinicians has been associated with negative patient and societal outcomes such as misinterpretation of genetic test results, inappropriate medical management, lack of informed decision making, violation of established ethical standards, adverse psychosocial outcomes, and costly, unnecessary genetic testing.1,2,3
Cancer genetic consultation is an important aspect of the care of individuals at increased risk of a hereditary cancer syndrome.4,5,6,7,8 Yet, several patient, clinician, and system-level barriers hinder the identification of individuals appropriate for cancer genetics referral. In addition to limited time for the clinician to collect family history necessary to trigger a referral9,10,11 and limited patient awareness of their family cancer history,12 identifying appropriate patients is complicated by an abundance of complex criteria and guidelines that often differ from each other.13 Thus, the purpose of this practice guideline is to present a single set of comprehensive personal and family history criteria to facilitate identification and maximize appropriate referral of at-risk individuals for cancer genetic consultation. The criteria in this guidance statement are not designed to dictate what, if any, genetic testing is indicated or to recommend any specific cancer screening or treatment management.
Health-care providers have been encouraged to take a thorough family history from their patients and to refer them to genetic providers if the history is suspicious for a hereditary condition. Determining whom to refer is difficult for clinicians who do not specialize in cancer genetics, who may rarely encounter these syndromes, and who may not be familiar with the types of cancers known to be associated with a particular syndrome. These referral guidelines were developed in a table format so that the health-care provider can simply look up the cancer(s) that have been reported in a family and determine whether the personal or family history meets any of the criteria that warrant a referral. We include a short summary of each syndrome that explains the rationale behind the referral criteria in the Recommendations section of this guideline.
Materials and Methods
To develop this guideline, a literature search for each of the hereditary cancer susceptibility syndromes described below was conducted using PubMed. In addition, GeneReviews (http://www.genereviews.org) and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines (http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/f_guidelines.asp) were reviewed when applicable. The searches were conducted between 1 December 2012 and 20 June 2013 and included the following search terms: hereditary cancer syndromes, referral criteria, guidelines, testing, mutation likelihood, and each syndrome’s specific name. When conflicting guidelines were identified, the following processes were used to select the referral criteria for inclusion in this practice guideline. We ranked the sources of the differing guidelines. Position papers from national and professional organizations ranked highest, followed by consortium guidelines and then peer-reviewed publications from single institutions. When guidelines from national and professional organizations differed, an attempt was made to select the least restrictive (i.e., most inclusive) set of referral criteria, as long as we felt it would not result in too many inappropriate referrals. For example, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network offers both evaluation criteria and genetic testing criteria for hereditary breast–ovarian cancer syndrome. We believe that the evaluation guidelines would result in an unmanageable number of referrals with little yield to patients and therefore chose the National Comprehensive Cancer Network genetic testing recommendations.
The criteria for cancer genetic consultation referral are detailed in Tables 1 and 2 . Table 1 includes an alphabetical list of common cancers along with the criteria that, if met, would warrant a referral for a cancer genetic consultation. Table 2 includes the same information based on an alphabetical list of rare cancers. Referring to the tables in the clinic when a cancer is noted in a family history may be helpful to quickly determine whether a referral is indicated. If the family or individual meets the referral guideline for a particular syndrome, a brief summary of the syndrome and the rationale for the referral criteria can be found listed alphabetically in the text below. More detailed information about these syndromes can be found elsewhere.14
Consider referral for a cancer genetic consultation if your patients or any of their first-degree relatives meet any of these criteria. All affected relatives must be on the same side of the family. For the purposes of these guidelines, close relatives include first-degree relatives such as parents, siblings, and children, and second-degree relatives such as aunts, uncles, nieces, nephews, grandparents, and grandchildren. Please note that all the syndromes described in this guideline are inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, except where otherwise noted. Finally, any individual in a family with a known mutation in a cancer susceptibility gene should be referred for cancer genetic consultation.
Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome (OMIM 135150)
Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome is caused by mutations in the FLCN gene and is characterized by the presence of classic skin lesions (fibrofolliculomas, perifollicular fibromas, trichodiscomas or angiofibromas, and acrochordons), bilateral and multifocal renal tumors (chromophobe clear cell renal carcinoma, renal oncocytoma, oncocytic hybrid tumor, and less often, clear cell renal carcinoma), and multiple bilateral lung cysts often associated with spontaneous pneumothorax.15 Skin lesions typically occur in the 30s and 40s and increase with age. The median age at diagnosis of renal cell tumors is 48 years, with a range of 31–71 years.
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) ≥5 Birt–Hogg–Dubé–associated facial or truncal papules; (ii) early-onset (<50 years old), bilateral or multifocal clear cell renal carcinoma; (iii) renal cancers with Birt–Hogg–Dubé histology (chromophobe, oncocytoma, or oncocytic hybrid); or (iv) lung cysts associated with multiple spontaneous pneumothoraxes.16,17
Carney complex (OMIM 160980)
Carney complex is caused by mutations in the PRKAR1A gene and is characterized by pale brown to black lentigenes; myxomas of the heart, skin, and breast; primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease; and large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumors. Psammomatous melanotic schwannoma, a rare nerve sheath tumor, can also occur. At least 50% of individuals with isolated primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease have a PRKAR1A mutation.18,19,20 Thus, isolated primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease is sufficient for referral to genetic consultation. PRKAR1A mutations are found in 71% of individuals with at least two major diagnostic criteria for Carney complex18 ( Table 3 ).
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease or (ii) two or more diagnostic criteria21 ( Table 3 ).
Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (OMIM 276300)
Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency is a recessive condition caused by biallelic mutations in the mismatch repair genes (MLH1, MSH2 (including methylation due to an EPCAM deletion), MSH6, and PMS2) and is characterized by a high risk of developing cancers during childhood, including Lynch syndrome (LS)–associated cancers, hematologic malignancies, and embryonic tumors.22 Individuals with constitutional mismatch repair deficiency have neurofibromatosis type 1–like features, with café-au-lait macules observed in most cases23 and skinfold freckling, Lisch nodules, neurofibromas, and tibial pseudoarthosis reported in fewer cases. Individuals with constitutional mismatch repair deficiency do not always have a family history of cancer.
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) an LS-associated cancer in childhood or (ii) another type of childhood cancer and one or more of the following features: (i) café-au-lait macules, skinfold freckling, Lisch nodules, neurofibromas, tibial pseudoarthrosis, or hypopigmented skin lesions; (ii) family history of LS-associated cancer; (iii) a second primary cancer; (iv) a sibling with a childhood cancer; or (v) consanguineous parents.
Cowden syndrome, also known as PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (OMIM 158350)
Cowden syndrome is caused by mutations in the PTEN gene and is characterized by benign skin findings, increased lifetime risks for breast (30–85%; often early-onset), follicular thyroid (10–38%), renal cell (34%), endometrial (5–28%), and colorectal cancers (9%), and possibly melanoma (6%).24,25,26,27,28 Clinical diagnostic criteria involve combinations of major and minor criteria29 ( Table 4 ). We recommend referral for anyone meeting any three criteria from the major or minor diagnostic criteria.
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) Lhermitte–Duclos disease diagnosed after age 18 (ref. 30) or (ii) any three criteria from the major or minor diagnostic criteria list in the same person31 ( Table 4 ).
Familial adenomatous polyposis and attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis (OMIM 175100)
Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and attenuated FAP are caused by mutations in the APC gene and are characterized by adenomatous colon polyps and increased lifetime risk for colorectal cancer (nearly 100% for individuals with FAP and 70% for individuals with attenuated FAP).32 A clinical diagnosis of classic FAP is made when an individual has >100 adenomatous polyps in his or her colon. Attenuated FAP is characterized by 30–100 adenomatous polyps. Individuals with FAP are also at increased risk for duodenal (4–12%), pancreatic (~2%), and papillary thyroid (cribriform morular variant)33,34 (1–2%)29,30 cancers, as well as hepatoblastoma by age 5 (1–2%)35,36 and medulloblastoma (<1%).32 Extracolonic manifestations can include congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigmented epithelium, osteomas, dental abnormalities, benign cutaneous lesions such as epidermoid cysts and fibromas, and desmoid tumors. APC mutations are found in 80% of patients with 1,000 or more adenomas, 56% of patients with 100–999 adenomas, 10% of patients with 20–99 adenomas, and 5% of patients with 10–19 adenomas.37
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) a total of ≥10 adenomatous colon polyps with or without a colorectal or other FAP-associated cancer38; (ii) a cribriform morular variant of papillary thyroid cancer; (iii) a desmoid tumor; or (iv) hepatoblastoma diagnosed before age 5.
Familial gastrointestinal stromal tumor (OMIM 606764)
Familial gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a rare condition associated with mutations in the KIT, PDGFRA, SDHB, and SDHC genes. Individuals with germline mutations in KIT can have hyperpigmentation, mast cell tumors, or dysphagia. Large hands have been associated with PDGFRA mutations. Individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 can also develop GISTs. Wild-type GISTs are defined as GISTs that do not have detectable mutations in KIT, PDGFRA, or BRAF. Of patients with sporadic wild-type GIST, 12% had SDHB or SDHC mutations,39 and in another series, 12% of wild-type GISTs had an SDHA mutation (all of which exhibited loss of the SDHA protein by immunohistochemistry).40 There are no published referral guidelines for this condition; recommendations were made based on expert opinion.
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) three or more close relatives with GIST; (ii) wild-type GIST; or (iii) individuals with three or more GISTs.
Familial pancreatic cancer (OMIM 260350)
Pancreatic cancer risk is increased in several known hereditary cancer syndromes such as Lynch syndrome, Peutz–Jeghers syndrome, FAP, hereditary melanoma, and hereditary breast–ovarian cancer syndrome. The most common cause of familial pancreatic cancer are mutations in the BRCA2 gene. Published studies of families with two or more pancreatic cancer diagnoses demonstrate that 2.8–17% of these families have a BRCA2 gene mutation.41,42,43,44 Because of increased prevalence of BRCA mutations, unselected individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry with pancreatic cancer have a 5.5–31% chance of having one of the three Ashkenazi Jewish founder mutations.45,46,47 Some families with familial pancreatic cancer also have mutations in the CDKN2A, PALB2, or ATM genes. PALB2 mutations occur in 0.9–3.7% of pancreatic cancer patients with at least one additional relative affected with pancreatic cancer.48,49,50 ATM mutations were found in 2.4% (4/166) of patients with familial pancreatic cancer and in 4.6% (4/87) of families with three or more affected individuals.51
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry and pancreatic cancer at any age; (ii) pancreatic cancer and a close relative with pancreatic cancer; (iii) three or more cases of breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and/or aggressive prostate cancer; or (iv) three or more cases of pancreatic cancer and/or melanoma.
Familial prostate cancer (OMIM 176807, 601518, 602759, 300147, 603688, 608656, and 153622)
The genetic etiology of familial prostate cancer has proven difficult to characterize. Autosomal dominant, recessive, and X-linked patterns of inheritance have been demonstrated in families with multiple cases of prostate cancer.14 For these guidelines, the Hopkins criteria52 have been adopted to define familial prostate cancer. Several studies have identified a specific HOXB13 mutation in 1.4–4.6% of individuals (primarily of Northern European ancestry) meeting these criteria.53,54,55 Identifying the basis of familial prostate cancer is ongoing, and genes found to date account for a small portion of families. However, referral may be appropriate for these families to help address concerns and provide screening recommendations.
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) three or more first-degree relatives with prostate cancer; (ii) two or more cases of prostate cancer diagnosed before age 55; or (iii) aggressive prostate cancer (Gleason score ≥7) and two or more cases of breast, ovarian, or pancreatic cancer.
Hereditary breast–ovarian cancer syndrome (OMIM 604370 and 612555)
Hereditary breast–ovarian cancer (HBOC) syndrome is caused by mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes and is characterized by increased risks for early-onset breast, multiple breast primaries, male breast, and epithelial ovarian, Fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancers. In addition, cancers of the pancreas, prostate, and melanoma are more common in individuals with HBOC syndrome. The pathology of “triple-negative phenotype” breast cancer (estrogen receptor–negative, progesterone receptor–negative, and HER2/neu–negative) has been strongly associated with BRCA1 mutations.56,57,58,59 The likelihood of identifying a BRCA1/2 mutation in a woman with ovarian cancer at any age is around 13–18%.60,61,62 Of males with breast cancer, 15–20% have a BRCA1/2 mutation.63 The overall prevalence of BRCA1 mutations is estimated at 1 in 300 and that of BRCA2 mutations is estimated at 1 in 800, but founder mutations in many populations (e.g., Ashkenazi Jewish,64,65,66,67 Icelandic,68 and Mexican Hispanic69 populations) lead to increased mutation prevalence in these populations.
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) breast cancer diagnosed at or before age 50; (ii) triple-negative breast cancer diagnosed at or before age 60; (iii) two or more primary breast cancers in the same person; (iv) ovarian, Fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer; (v) Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry and breast or pancreatic cancer at any age; or (vi) male breast cancer. Individuals with a family history of three or more cases of breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and/or aggressive prostate cancer (Gleason score ≥7) (refs. 70,71) should also be referred. Note that this should not include families in which all three cases are aggressive prostate cancer.
Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (OMIM 137215)
Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer is caused by mutations in the CDH1 gene and is characterized by an increased risk for diffuse gastric cancer, lobular breast cancer, and signet ring colorectal cancer. CDH1 mutations occur in 25–50% of individuals who meet the hereditary diffuse gastric cancer criteria.72 The International Gastric Cancer Linkage Consortium’s most recent consensus guidelines for the clinical management of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer include indications for CDH1 testing and have been adopted below.73
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) diffuse gastric cancer diagnosed before age 40; (ii) lobular breast cancer and diffuse gastric cancer in the same person; (iii) lobular breast cancer in one relative and diffuse gastric cancer in another, one diagnosed before age 50; or (iv) two cases of gastric cancer in family, one of which is a confirmed diffuse gastric cancer diagnosed before age 50. Individuals with a family history of three or more relatives with gastric cancer should also be referred.
Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (OMIM 605839 and 150800)
Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer is caused by mutations in the FH gene and is characterized by increased risks for renal cancer and cutaneous and uterine leiomyomas. Individuals with cutaneous leiomyoma and renal cell tumors of one of three types (papillary type 2 (refs. 74,75,76,77,78)), collecting duct,71,74,75 and tubulopapillary78) should receive genetic counseling referral.79,80 Although studies of the proportion of isolated cases of cutaneous leiomyomas with an FH mutation are not available, 85% of individuals with cutaneous leiomyomas (some of whom were isolated cases and some of whom had a family history of uterine leiomyoma or renal cell tumors) had an FH mutation in several studies.74,75,76,77,81 A FH mutation was found in 17% of patients with papillary type 2 renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) cutaneous leiomyomas or (ii) RCC with histology characteristic of hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer.
Hereditary melanoma, also known as familial atypical mole and malignant melanoma (OMIM 155600)
Hereditary melanoma is caused by mutations in the CDKN2A/ARF gene, which encodes p16 and p14ARF, and the CDK4 gene. Hereditary melanoma is characterized by multiple melanocytic nevi (usually >50) and a family history of melanoma. Individuals with hereditary melanoma have a 17% risk for pancreatic cancer by age 75 (ref. 82). The penetrance for melanoma in families with CDKN2A mutations is at least 28%, although it is perhaps as high as 91% in families with multiple cases.83,84,85 A review of 466 families with at least three cases of melanoma revealed 38% had CDKN2A mutations.86 Penetrance and detection rate vary by geography.84 In addition, 2–3% of these families have mutations in CDK4 (n = 5) and p14ARF (n = 7). CDKN2A gene mutations seem to be rare in families with pancreatic cancer without any cases of melanoma44 but occur in up to 11% (2/18) of families with both pancreatic cancer and melanoma.87
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) three or more melanomas in the same person or (ii) three or more cases of melanoma and/or pancreatic cancer.
Hereditary mixed polyposis syndrome (OMIM 201228 and 610069)
Hereditary mixed polyposis syndrome is characterized by multiple polyps of mixed histology (hyperplastic, adenomatous, and juvenile polyps), leading to an increased risk for colorectal cancer. The major gene(s) responsible for hereditary mixed polyposis syndrome have not been identified; however, some cases are caused by mutations in the BMPR1A gene.88,89,90 Also, a founder mutation involving the GREM1 gene was identified in Ashkenazi Jewish patients with hereditary mixed polyposis syndrome.91
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with ≥10 colorectal polyps with mixed histology.
Hereditary papillary RCC (OMIM 605074)
Hereditary papillary RCC is caused by mutations in the MET gene and is characterized by an increased risk of developing papillary type 1 RCC. In a series of 129 patients with papillary RCC, 6% (8/129) had a germline MET mutation.92 Because this tumor type is rare, our referral criteria are for anyone with a papillary type 1 RCC. Note that patients with a papillary type 2 RCC should be referred as well because of the possibility of hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer.
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with a papillary type 1 RCC.
Hereditary paraganglioma–pheochromocytoma syndrome (OMIM 115310, 168000, 605373, 601650, 154950, and 613403)
Hereditary paraganglioma–pheochromocytoma syndrome is caused by mutations in the SDHB, SDHD, SDHC, SDHAF2, MAX, and TMEM127 genes and is characterized by an increased risk for paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas. In multiple series of individuals with paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas, 8–25% had hereditary paraganglioma–pheochromocytoma syndrome due to a germline mutation in the SDHB, SDHC, or SDHD genes.93,94,95,96,97,98 Rates of hereditary paraganglioma–pheochromocytoma syndrome in individuals with a positive family history or other clinical factors (e.g., multiple tumors, head and neck location) are considerably higher.93,94,95,96,97
Referral should be considered for any individual who has a personal history of or a first-degree relative with a paraganglioma or pheochromocytoma.
Hereditary retinoblastoma (OMIM 180200)
Hereditary retinoblastoma is caused by mutations in the RB1 gene and is characterized by a malignant tumor of the retina, usually occurring before age 5. It is estimated that about 40% of all retinoblastomas are hereditary.99 Individuals with a positive family history of retinoblastoma, bilateral tumors, and multifocal tumors have the highest chance to have hereditary retinoblastoma.99 Individuals with hereditary retinoblastoma can also have an increased risk for pinealoblastoma,100 osteosarcomas, sarcoma (especially radiogenic), and melanoma.101,102
Referral should be considered for any individual who has a personal history of or first-degree relative with a retinoblastoma.
Juvenile polyposis syndrome (OMIM 174900)
Juvenile polyposis syndrome is caused by mutations in the SMAD4 (20%) and BMPR1A (20%) genes103 and is characterized by juvenile-type hamartomatous polyps throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The term juvenile polyp refers to a specific histologic type of polyp, not the age at diagnosis. The risk for GI cancers (mainly colorectal cancer, although cancers of the stomach, upper GI tract, and pancreas have been reported) in families with juvenile polyposis syndrome ranges from 9 to 50%.104 Extraintestinal features such as valvular heart disease (11%), telangiectasia or vascular anomalies (9%, all in SMAD4 carriers), and macrocephaly (11%) can occur.105 Some individuals with juvenile polyposis syndrome due to mutations in the SMAD4 gene may also have symptoms of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.106,107
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) three to five cumulative histologically proven juvenile GI polyps108,109,110; (ii) any number of juvenile GI polyps with a positive family history of juvenile polyposis syndrome; or (iii) multiple juvenile polyps located throughout the GI tract.38,103
Li–Fraumeni syndrome (OMIM 151623)
Li–Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is caused by mutations in the TP53 gene and is characterized by the core cancers of breast, brain, adrenocortex, and non-Ewing sarcoma,111 with onset often before age 50 and multiple primary tumors.112 Young age at diagnosis (before age 30) and the type of malignancy are good indicators of a TP53 mutation.113 In individuals diagnosed with an adrenocortical tumor or choroid plexus tumor at or before age 18, the likelihood of identifying a TP53 mutation approaches 80 and 100%, respectively.112,114,115 Individuals with a childhood sarcoma have a higher likelihood of LFS; 6.6% had a TP53 mutation in one series (although the majority of these cases would meet the classic LFS criteria).116 For these guidelines, we are adopting a combination of the Eeles and revised Chompret criteria.117 In two large studies, 29%118 and 35%112 of individuals who met the original, slightly more restrictive, Chompret criteria119 had a TP53 mutation. However, 14% of individuals who met the looser Eeles criteria also had a TP53 mutation.112
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) two or more close relatives with a tumor in the LFS spectrum ( Table 5 ), one diagnosed at or before age 45; (ii) breast cancer diagnosed before age 30; (iii) two or more LFS tumors in the same person, one diagnosed at or before age 45; (iv) adrenocortical tumor; (v) choroid plexus tumor; or (vi) childhood sarcoma.117
Lynch syndrome (OMIM 120435 and 120436)
Lynch syndrome (LS) is caused by mutations in the following mismatch repair genes: MLH1, MSH2 (including methylation due to an EPCAM deletion), MSH6, or PMS2; LS is characterized by increased lifetime risks for colorectal (40–80%), endometrial (25–60%), ovarian (4–24%), and gastric (1–13%) cancers.120,121 Individuals with LS can also have an increased risk for urothelial carcinoma, glioblastoma, and sebaceous, biliary, small bowel, and pancreatic adenocarcinomas122,123,124,125 ( Table 6 ). The lifetime risks for cancer are lower in individuals with MSH6 and PMS2 mutations.121,125 Most tumors (77–89%) from individuals with LS are characterized by microsatellite instability, which is an expansion or contraction of repetitive areas in the DNA, called microsatellites, due to defective mismatch repair.126 In addition, there are immunohistochemical antibodies available for the four mismatch repair proteins, and one or two of the proteins is absent in 83% of tumors from individuals with LS.126 One or both of these tumor screening tests are sometimes performed at the time of diagnosis for colorectal and endometrial cancer and can serve as an indication for referral for a LS evaluation. The most well-known criteria developed for LS include the Amsterdam criteria and the Bethesda guidelines, both of which have undergone revision.127,128,129,130 Yet neither of these criteria sufficiently considers the breadth of cancers associated with LS. Furthermore, they are complex and difficult to apply. Thus, the criteria selected for this referral guideline are modified from the “Finnish criteria,” which are simple, easy to apply, based on two large population-based studies, and identify the majority of patients found to have LS.124,131,132,133
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) colorectal or endometrial cancer diagnosed before age 50; (ii) colorectal or endometrial cancer diagnosed at or after age 50 if there is a first-degree relative with colorectal or endometrial cancer at any age; (iii) synchronous or metachronous colorectal or endometrial cancer; (iv) sebaceous adenoma or carcinoma and one or more additional case of any LS-associated cancer ( Table 6 ) in the same person or in relatives; or (v) a tumor exhibiting mismatch repair deficiency (high microsatellite instability or loss of a mismatch repair protein based on immunohistochemical staining). Individuals with a family history of three or more LS-associated cancers ( Table 6 ) should also be referred.
Melanoma–astrocytoma syndrome (OMIM 155755)
Melanoma–astrocytoma syndrome is caused by mutations involving both CDKN2A and p14ARF, p14ARF alone, and possibly the ANRIL antisense noncoding RNA; it is a rare condition that leads to an increased risk for melanoma and astrocytoma tumors.
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) melanoma and astrocytoma in the same person or (ii) one case of melanoma and one case of astrocytoma in two first-degree relatives.
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I (OMIM 131100)
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I (MEN1) is caused by mutations in the MEN1 gene and is characterized by increased risk of endocrine and nonendocrine tumors.134 Of individuals with two MEN1 manifestations, 26% had a MEN1 mutation.135 Because of the relatively low mutation detection rates in sporadic cases,134,136,137,138,139 no single MEN1-associated tumor is sufficient to warrant genetic counseling referral, with the exception of gastrinoma, of which 20% are due to MEN1 mutations.140 For this guideline, we are adopting the recommendation of the MEN1 International Consensus134 and the MEN1 Clinical Practice Guidelines.140 Note that this guideline is less stringent than the clinical diagnostic criteria for MEN1.
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) two or more different MEN1-associated tumors (adrenal, parathyroid, pituitary, pancreas, or thymic tumor or bronchial carcinoid tumor) in the same person134,141; (ii) gastrinoma134,140; (iii) multiple different pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in the same person134,140; (iv) parathyroid adenoma diagnosed before age 30 (refs. 140,142); (v) parathyroid adenomas involving multiple glands140,142; or (vi) parathyroid adenoma with family history of hyperparathyroidism or MEN1-associated tumors.142
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type II (OMIM 171400, 155240, and 162300)
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type II (MEN2) is caused by mutations in the RET gene and is characterized by increased risks for medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) (≤100%), pheochromocytomas (≤50%), and parathyroid disease (≤30%).143,144,145 As many as 25% of unselected individuals with MTC have a RET mutation.146 Individual series found that 4–11% of individuals with isolated MTC have a RET mutation.147,148,149 Genetic testing of individuals with nonsyndromic pheochromocytomas detected a RET mutation in 5% of these individuals in one study,150 but lower rates were found in other studies.93,95 RET testing is not indicated in apparently sporadic hyperparathyroidism in the absence of other clinical suspicion for MEN2 (ref. 134). MEN2A accounts for 80% of hereditary MTC syndromes.151 Families with MTC and no other MEN2-associated tumors are referred to as having familial medullary thyroid cancer.143,152 Familial medullary thyroid cancer accounts for 15% of hereditary MTC syndromes.151 MEN2B accounts for 5% of hereditary MTC syndromes and is a more severe type of MEN2, differentiated by the presence of benign oral and submucosal neuromas and a distinct appearance (tall and lanky with an elongated face and large lips).151 Of individuals with MEN2B, 40% have diffuse ganglioneuromatosis of the GI tract. The large majority of patients with MEN2B have mutations in exon 16 (M918T) and, less often, in exon 15 (A883F). There are genotype–phenotype correlations between the specific mutation in RET and the various clinical features.
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) MTC; (ii) pheochromocytoma; (iii) oral or ocular neuromas (lips, tongue, sclera, or eyelids); or (iv) diffuse ganglioneuromatosis of the GI tract.
MUTYH-associated polyposis (OMIM 608456)
MUTYH-associated polyposis is a recessive condition caused by biallelic mutations in the MUTYH gene and is characterized by an increased risk for adenomatous colon polyps and colorectal cancer (80%).153 Individuals with MUTYH-associated polyposis can develop only a few adenomatous colon polyps or they can have >100 adenomatous colon polyps.38,154 As a result, this condition can overlap with FAP, attenuated FAP, and LS. Testing is often ordered for both APC and MUTYH at the same time for patients with ≥10 adenomatous colon polyps. MUTYH testing might also be appropriate for patients with colorectal cancer diagnosed before age 50 after LS has been ruled out (the tumor exhibits mismatch repair proficiency), as 0.8–6% have biallelic MUTYH mutations.155,156,157,158 Biallelic MUTYH mutations are found in 2% of patients with ≥1,000 adenomas, 7% of patients with 100–999 adenomas, 7% of patients with 20–99 adenomas, and 4% of patients with 10–19 adenomas.37
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) ≥10 cumulative adenomatous colon polyps with or without colorectal cancer or (ii) mismatch repair proficient (microsatellite stable and/or normal mismatch repair protein based on immunohistochemical staining) colorectal cancer diagnosed before age 50.
Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (OMIM 109400)
Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome is caused by mutations in the PTCH gene and is characterized by the presence of multiple jaw keratocysts beginning in the teens and multiple basal-cell carcinomas beginning in the 20s. Physical features such as macrocephaly, bossing of the forehead, coarse facial features, facial milia, and skeletal anomalies are present in most individuals with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome ( Table 7 ). Less common features include cardiac fibromas (2%), ovarian fibromas (20%), medulloblastoma (primitive neuroectodermal tumor; 5%). The diagnosis is made clinically when an individual has two major diagnostic criteria and one minor diagnostic criterion or one major and three minor diagnostic criteria159,160,161 ( Table 7 ).
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with any two criteria from the major or minor diagnostic criteria lists ( Table 7 ).
Peutz–Jeghers syndrome (OMIM 175200)
Peutz–Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is caused by mutations in the STK11 gene and is characterized by mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation of the mouth, lips, nose, eyes, genitalia, or fingers; multiple hamartomatous polyps in the GI tract; and increased risks for colorectal (39% between ages 15 and 64), pancreatic (36%), gastric (29%), and small intestinal (13%) cancers. In addition, there are increased risks for breast cancer (54%), ovarian sex cord tumors with annular tubules (21%), and adenoma malignum of the cervix (10%) and the testes, especially Sertoli cell tumors (9%).162 PJ polyps are hamartomatous with glandular epithelium supported by smooth muscle cells contiguous with the muscularis mucosa.
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) two or more histologically confirmed PJ GI polyps; (ii) one or more PJ GI polyp and mucocutanous hyperpigmentation; (iii) ovarian sex cord tumor with annular tubules; (iv) adenoma malignum of the cervix; (v) Sertoli cell tumor; (vi) pancreatic cancer and one or more PJ GI polyp; (vii) breast cancer and one or more PJ GI polyp; or (viii) one or more PJ polyp and a positive family history of PJS.
Rhabdoid tumor predisposition syndrome types I and II (OMIM 609322 and 613325)
Rhabdoid tumor predisposition syndrome is characterized by an increased risk for rhabdoid tumors (rare and aggressive tumors of children). Rhabdoid tumor predisposition syndrome type I is caused by mutations in the SMARCB1 gene. Germline mutations in the SMARCB1 gene occurred in 35% (26/115 and 35/100) of patients with apparently sporadic childhood rhabdoid tumors.163,164 Only 10 of 61 parents harbored the germline mutation in both series combined, indicating a high proportion of germ cell mosaicism or de novo mutations in rhabdoid tumor predisposition syndrome type I.163,164 Rhabdoid tumor predisposition syndrome type II is caused by mutations in the SMARCA4 gene. In two small series of apparently nonfamilial small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (which is a rare, aggressive rhabdoid tumor affecting children and young women), germline mutations in SMARCA4 were found in 29% (2/7)165 and 50% (6/12)166 of cases.
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with a rhabdoid tumor, including small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type.
Serrated polyposis syndrome (not in OMIM)
Serrated polyposis syndrome is a syndrome characterized by serrated polyps (SPs) and an increased risk for colorectal cancer. SPs can be difficult to diagnose and include hyperplastic polyps, sessile SPs, or adenomas, as well as traditional serrated adenomas. For these guidelines we adopt the 2012 National Comprehensive Cancer Network modification (http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/genetics_colon.pdf) of the 2000 World Health Organization criteria167 for the diagnosis of serrated polyposis syndrome. No causative mutations in BMPR1A, SMAD4, PTEN, MUTYH, or GREM1 were found in a series of 65 individuals with serrated polyposis syndrome; it is likely that this condition is caused by novel genes that have yet to be discovered.168 Although genetic testing may not be useful at present, a genetics referral is indicated because the diagnosis will affect future management, and other polyposis syndromes should be ruled out.
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) at least 5 SPs proximal to the sigmoid colon, 2 of which are >1 cm in diameter, (ii) >20 SPs throughout the large bowel,38,169 or (iii) any number of SPs proximal to the sigmoid colon and a positive family history of serrated polyposis syndrome.
Tuberous sclerosis complex (OMIM 191100)
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is caused by mutations in the TSC1 and TSC2 genes and is characterized by brain, kidney, and heart tumors, as well as skin and neurological abnormalities, among others170,171 ( Table 8 ). Brain lesions in TSC are complex and include subependymal nodules, cortical hamartomas, areas of focal cortical hypoplasia, and heterotopic gray matter.171,172 When cerebral cortical dysplasia and cerebral white matter migration lines occur together, they should be counted as one rather than two features of TSC.170,171 Renal lesions (angiomyolipomas and/or cysts) are usually present during childhood, and prevalence increases with age.171 About two-thirds of newborns with TSC have one or more cardiac rhabdomyomas; they are largest during the neonatal period and regress with time.173 Skin lesions occur in nearly 100% of individuals, although none are pathognomonic.170 Retinal lesions are present in 87% of individuals with TSC but may be difficult to detect without dilating the pupils and using indirect ophthalmoscopy.171,174 Interestingly, two-thirds to three-fourths of individuals with TSC have de novo mutations.171 Clinical diagnostic criteria involve combinations of major and minor criteria170,171 ( Table 8 ). We recommend referral for anyone meeting any two criteria from the major or minor diagnostic criteria lists.
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with any two criteria from the major or minor diagnostic criteria lists in the same person170,171 ( Table 8 ).
Von Hippel–Lindau syndrome (OMIM 193300)
Von Hippel–Lindau syndrome is caused by mutations in the VHL gene and is characterized by RCC (clear cell histology), hemangioblastomas, pheochromocytomas, and endolymphatic sac tumors. Simplex cases of central nervous system hemangioblastoma, pheochromocytoma, and endolymphatic sac tumor are each sufficient to warrant genetic counseling referral. VHL mutations are detected in 10–40% of individuals with isolated central nervous system hemangioblastoma,175 46% of those with isolated retinal capillary hemangioma,176 3–11% of those with isolated pheochromocytoma,93,95,96,150,175,177,178 and about 20% of those with an endolymphatic sac tumor.179,180,181,182,183 Single cases of unilateral, unifocal RCC diagnosed at or after age 50 are insufficient to warrant referral to genetic counseling.175,184
Referral should be considered for any individual with a personal history of or first-degree relative with (i) clear cell RCC if he or she (a) has bilateral or multifocal tumors, (b) is diagnosed before age 50, or (c) has a close relative with clear cell RCC; (ii) central nervous system hemangioblastoma; (iii) pheochromocytoma; (iv) endolymphatic sac tumor, or (v) retinal capillary hemangioma.
This document suggests referral guidelines for 28 of the most common hereditary cancer susceptibility syndromes. The tables are meant to aid busy clinicians, enabling them to quickly search by cancer type ( Table 1 includes common cancers, Table 2 includes rare benign and malignant tumors) to find appropriate referral criteria for the various syndromes detailed throughout this guideline. After locating the cancer of interest in the table, practitioners can learn more about the associated syndrome by looking it up in the text of this document. We recommend that patients (or their affected relatives) meeting any of the cancer genetics referral criteria be referred to a cancer genetics specialist. To find a cancer genetics expert, visit the National Cancer Institute Cancer Genetics Services Directory (http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/genetics/directory), the National Society of Genetic Counselors website (http://www.nsgc.org; use the “Find a Genetic Counselor” feature), or the American College of Genetics and Genomics website (http://www.acmg.net; use the “Find Genetic Services” feature).
H.H. has received grant support from Myriad Genetic Laboratories in the form of donated genetic testing she has received honoraria for speaking from Quest Diagnostics, InVitae Genetics, and Myriad Genetic Laboratories in the past 3 years. This has not impacted the referral guidelines. A.B. has received National Institutes of Health funding but reports that it does not conflict with the content of this practice guideline. R.P. has received grant support from Myriad Genetic Laboratories in the form of donated genetic testing G.W. was supported by institutional funds from the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine. A.B., G.W., and R.L.B. declare no conflict of interest.
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Hampel, H., Bennett, R., Buchanan, A. et al. A practice guideline from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the National Society of Genetic Counselors: referral indications for cancer predisposition assessment. Genet Med 17, 70–87 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/gim.2014.147
- cancer genetics
- cancer predisposition
- genetic counseling
- referral guidelines
- referral indications
World Journal of Surgical Oncology (2022)
Genome Medicine (2022)
Knowledge, Attitudes, Willingness to Pay, and Patient Preferences About Genetic Testing and Subsequent Risk Management for Cancer Prevention
Journal of Cancer Education (2022)
Familial Cancer (2022)
Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -) (2022) | <urn:uuid:bff67f7c-9c09-4bf6-bdc3-888a49b68810> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nature.com/articles/gim2014147?error=cookies_not_supported&code=161a27d9-d491-4a0a-bbe3-b9bfdbfc6fa6 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572192.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815145459-20220815175459-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.834967 | 21,478 | 1.804688 | 2 |
The rule is simple: abroad, Americans are subject to the host country’s laws and legal system, whether that be Great Britain or Russia. The Bill of Rights does not follow Americans to foreign countries, nor will the US government intervene with the host country on their behalf. Try and bring some weed into Japan, and if you’re caught, you’re looking at years behind bars. No matter if it’s a small amount for personal use back home. In Japan, anything over about an ounce means you intended to sell it, and the punishment is accordingly lengthy.
I should know: I spent seven years in Japan visiting American prisoners as part of my State Department job. The top three reasons for their arrests were drugs, drugs, and drugs. Just like Brittney Griner. The difference between them and Griner was I was not allowed to help them get out, or advocate for a shorter sentence.
The only exception was if you were “wrongly detained,” a special category that allows the US government to actively help free those designated. It is up to the secretary of state to make the call, as there are no set criteria. Even the total number of Americans so designated is murky.
One of the wrongfully detained is Brittney Griner, held in Russia after admitting she tried to smuggle in a couple of vials of cannabis oil. The US announced just this week it is ready to trade a real bad guy, a Russian arms dealer nicknamed the “merchant of death,” for Griner (and another American, Paul Whelan, accused of having a USB drive that contained classified information). In April, retired Marine Trevor Reed, who had been sentenced to nine years in prison, was exchanged for a Russian pilot who had been in an American jail since 2010.
The problem is, in looking at Griner’s case, it is very hard to see what makes her so “wrongfully” detained (as she admitted to the smuggling attempt) and is being given a trial under Russian standards. Her case seems a long way from both other wrongful detentions (some involve what would more readily be described as hostage situations involving terrorist elements) and other needful instances of Americans locked up abroad.
Looking at just a handful of those cases, it sure seems like Griner benefited more from being a black, lesbian athlete married to another woman in a tough midterm year than anything approaching right or wrong, never mind the geopolitics setting free an arms dealer who sought to harm innocent Americans.
If Griner is worth setting that sort of precedent, what about these cases?
Consider the case in Japan of Navy lieutenant and Mormon missionary Lieutenant Ridge Alkonis, currently locked up on a three-year sentence after two people were killed in a traffic accident doctors said may have been caused by a medical episode. The US has not offered to help free him. Alkonis and his family hiked Japan’s famed Mount Fuji when on the way home Alkonis blacked out at the wheel and crashed his car, with his own family inside, in a restaurant parking lot, killing two Japanese citizens. Neurologists diagnosed Alkonis with Acute Mountain Sickness, which can cause sudden fainting up to 24 hours after rapid altitude change.
Alkonis’s family offered an appropriate $1.65 million in compensation to the Japanese family for the loss of their two relatives, along with an apology. The Japanese family, however, uncharacteristically refused the settlement and instead demanded jail time for Alkonis. Senator Mike Lee of Utah claims Alkonis is being targeted as a proxy for American forces stationed in Japan, who remain unpopular among many Japanese. Alkonis will serve his term in a barracks-like prison alongside other American servicemen, instead of the more medieval prison conditions and isolation Japanese criminals face in their own system. On the face, the case certainly looks unfair. Why not help Lieutenant Alkonis, President Biden?
Or what about Marc Fogel? Fogel is “the other American” imprisoned in Russia on minor drug charges. He previously taught history at the international Anglo-American School in Moscow, and was well-known and well-thought-of by diplomats not only from the US but also from Great Britain, Canada, and elsewhere.
For the past 11 months, Fogel has been held in Russian detention centers following his August 2021 arrest for trying to enter the country with about half an ounce of medical marijuana he’d been prescribed in the United States for chronic pain after numerous injuries. He is facing down a 14-year sentence. Like Griner, he has admitted his guilt, seeking to smuggle vape cartridges of marijuana into Russia. His trial included accusations of close connections to the American embassy, was confused by a visa issue and his personal friendship with the ambassador, and false claims he aimed to sell marijuana to his students. All this led to a tougher than usual sentence. The State Department has denied Fogel “wrongfully detained” status. Why not help Marc Fogel, President Biden?
If neither of these cases catch your interest, the State Department has some 4,000 more to choose from. The point is not to see Brittney Griner suffer; it’s to ask what makes her case special enough to warrant the designation “wrongfully detained” and the offer of a lopsided prison swap.
During my State Department career, I visited hundreds of American prisoners abroad, from celebrities and white-collar criminals dealing with multi-millions of dollars at issue to near-homeless Americans trying to make a quick drug score. Not a single one of them felt he was “rightfully detained” in every sense; most felt their sentences were too long given the offenses they committed. But I was under strict and standing orders not to advocate for any of them, to allow the host country process to play out as it would.
What makes Brittney Griner more special than Lieutenant Alkonis or Marc Fogel or my hundreds of cases, Mr. Biden? Will they have to wait in a foreign prison for some future election cycle when it is their peer group a future president seeks to impress?
The post Is Biden giving Brittney Griner special treatment? appeared first on The Spectator World.
Got something to add? Join the discussion and comment below. | <urn:uuid:ddb36b7e-5f62-4cb6-a493-a323138fbc59> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://spectator.com.au/2022/08/is-biden-giving-brittney-griner-special-treatment/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.971632 | 1,314 | 1.539063 | 2 |
In parallel to significant legal changes affecting sexual minorities throughout the developing world, our clients are increasingly acknowledging the existence of significant marginalized sexual minorities and the need to integrate their needs in the development process and public policy decision-making. However, as development practitioners, our knowledge of the extent and mechanisms of the interconnections between sexuality and poverty is almost exclusively based on anecdotes and intuition. We know that people with “different” sexual orientation and/or gender identity face exclusion from their family, bullying in schools, higher risks of being homeless, discrimination by health services and overall lower health outcomes, rejection by employers, lack of access to finance, lack of voice, and stigma from communities on which they depend to take part in informal economies but we have no way to quantify and understand these issues.
Nowhere has there been a systematic research into the livelihood of these minorities. The reasons why international organizations like the World Bank and the OECD have not yet attempted to tackle these issues are multi-fold as I recently described in another post (http://blogs.worldbank.org/
Even when given the opportunity to self-identify in a survey, sexual minorities may not be willing to do so for privacy reason and to avoid additional discrimination. This is apparent in the slow progression of the numbers of self-identified same-sex couples in the U.S. Census. Internet-based anonymous surveys – like the online LGBT Survey recently launched by the European Union or the 2012 Global Men’s Health and Rights Survey (GMHR) which was launched online in five different languages (http://www.msmgf.org/index.
But Mobile phone applications and their geo-locating features still create the greatest alternative opportunities to reach out to sexual minorities, mobilize them, and potentially gather information and statistics about them.
Various social media applications are currently utilized for sex networking almost everywhere in the world, typically by men who have sex with men (MSM) using both Apple and Android platforms. These apps have simple interfaces that show photos of the closest users at a given time, and allow you to chat with them. The largest one claims to have more than 2 million members including in developing countries and is using its outreach capability for marketing and political purposes but also for other topical surveys, mostly on sexual behavior.
As the use of mobile phones with Internet capability progresses in the developing world, mobile applications could also be used to raise awareness about safe and dangerous spaces, report discrimination in services, or mobilize the community. I recently attended a panel at the International AIDS Conference in Washington, D.C., on the potential to deliver HIV prevention programs in a cost-effective way to young people through their cell phones
Of course, the issue of privacy and security would be of paramount importance in this context. In Europe, Internet service providers and mobile phone companies are given the right to store data about their customers from six months to two years, something which might put users at risk in the 76 countries where homosexuality remains illegal.
It is also important to note that these applications typically do not target women who have sex with women, an often doubly or triply marginalized group in developing countries, which already did not benefit from the level of support which came along with HIV interventions.
The World Bank has successfully encouraged using its data through the “Apps for Climate Change” and “Apps for Development” competitions, which awarded cash prizes to three winners. At the AIDS Conference, the Elena Pinchuk ANTIAIDS Foundation announced a competition for developing social media and mobile applications for HIV prevention. We could imagine a similar competition for applications encouraging users to populate information about their experiences and feeding back other information to them such as safe areas, LGBT-friendly employers, anti-bullying resources and networking opportunities. This would be a first step in the difficult effort to find out more information about poor and marginalized population in the developing world and understand the complex linkages between stigmatized sexuality and poverty. | <urn:uuid:86ba2082-ffff-41c4-9810-b5cedc4b28bf> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://blogs.worldbank.org/ic4d/the-tremendous-potential-of-mobile-applications-for-sexual-minorities?cid=EXT_WBBlogSocialShare_D_EXT | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721405.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00313-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952397 | 802 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Every sales person knows, everyone who has done a presentation knows, everybody in business knows: never get a name wrong.
If you get a company name wrong or the name of the person you are presenting to wrong, you may as well stop the presentation, stop the sales spiel, make your apologies and leave.
There can be only one reason why someone attempting to write ‘Sturgeon’ manages to arrive at ‘Sutgeon’. Lack of attention to detail backed by laziness. A simple re-read or even using the spelling checker would flag up such an avoidable error.
But, hey, mistakes happen, no need to be so pedantic. Well, some journalists may not consider it important to get people’s names right but in business this kind of mistake can literally mean the difference between success and failure.
If you are presenting to Boots and in massive letters on a brightly lit screen it says ‘Books’, you can forget the contract. If you were presenting to Cants, the Yorkshire-based rose specialist, you can imagine why getting their name 100% correct would be essential.
It isn’t nit-picking. It isn’t grammar police. It’s important to get things like this right and anyone in business who thinks otherwise is simply inviting trouble upon themselves.
We don’t know much about drugs or roses but we know just about everything there is to know about writing. So you can relax when you hand over your copywriting, speech writing, web copy, social media posts, blogs and much more to The Word Factory. | <urn:uuid:6ac9a0b0-1af4-4768-b041-414d1c860f39> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thewordfactory.co.uk/a-name-wrong/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.944209 | 334 | 1.984375 | 2 |
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Exosomes, viruses, and nanoparticles all have wide size distributions which defeat traditional Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) analyzers. The ViewSizer 3000 features simultaneous measurement with three lasers to collect the most accurate distribution and concentration information over a wide range of sizes within the same sample. Where the signal from a particle is too bright and saturates the detector from one laser, the software automatically uses data from a lower power laser to ensure the most accurate size and concentration information. On the other hand, when scattering from one laser is too weak for detection, the software uses data from a higher power laser to accurately track the particle.
Cross contamination is a concern in all analyses. Simplified cleaning means thorough cleaning. The easy-to-remove sample cells can be dissassembled for rapid, thorough cleaning, which leads to better data.
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Do you have any questions or requests? Use this form to contact our specialists. * These fields are mandatory. | <urn:uuid:b8911790-b346-4edb-ada8-b3f842dbab37> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.horiba.com/index.php?id=128&L=0&MP=128-4366&tx_horproducts_fe[action]=show&tx_horproducts_fe[controller]=Product&tx_horproducts_fe[product]=1862 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573699.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819131019-20220819161019-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.875331 | 261 | 1.726563 | 2 |
Aug 05, 2022
Fauci on monkeypox: You never blow off any emerging infection
This news has been received from: wtop.com
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People lined up Friday at a pop-up vaccination clinic in D.C. for the monkeypox vaccine, hoping to mitigate the infection risk. Dr. Anthony Fauci says people should be aware of the virus but not panic.
The federal government declared monkeypox a public health emergency Thursday to bolster the response to the outbreak that has infected more than 7,100 Americans.The announcement will free up money and other resources to fight the virus, which may cause fever, body aches, chills, fatigue and pimple-like bumps on many parts of the body, The Associated Press reported.
This “all hands on deck” approach, Fauci said, will synergize all the different elements in responding to this “significant and serious outbreak.”
Fauci said he believes monkeypox can be controlled, and there are four reasons for that. First, testing has been increased from 6,000 per week to 80,000 per week due to the involvement of at least five commercial firms.
And what were originally 136,000 doses of the Jynneos vaccine deployed have been increased within a few days to over 600,000, with the goal of 1.1 million doses. Fauci said it’s still not as much as what’s wanted or needed, but the process is accelerating.
Also, the process for health care providers to get TPOXX, an early treatment for people with monkeypox, has been accelerated, making it easy for a physician to quickly get the drug without going through many hoops, Fauci said.
Lastly, Fauci said there’d been a strong outreach to the community.
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Hazel Johnson, a D.C. resident, was one of the people who came to the pop-up vaccine clinic on Georgia Avenue NW. She found out about the clinic close to her home and came to get one of the 300 vaccines the District offers at each vaccination location on Fridays.
Johnson said she is not concerned about monkeypox because she does not know anybody who’s gotten monkeypox in the D.C. region.
“But I’m going to protect myself as best as I can so that I don’t have to worry about it. I have a lot of travel coming up. So, I want to make sure I’m covered on all the bases,” Johnson said.
Last month, D.C. reported the largest outbreak of monkeypox per capita in the nation. Currently, D.C. has 280 cases, according to the latest Centers for Disease Control and Prevention count.
Johnson and several residents told WTOP’s DMV Download podcast that the District’s response to the monkeypox outbreak has been pretty good.
D.C. resident George works in nightlife and said he has seen the information about monkeypox and vaccines, and he feels positive about how D.C. has handled it, particularly the availability of vaccines.
“It’s not, like, a big line like it was with COVID. It’s nice, there’s different locations. So far, I approve,” George said, adding that the pop-up clinics would be better and he hopes more days will become available.
Another person who declined to be identified said he tried to sign up online, but the available days were limited, and going to the pop-up clinic seemed like the “only way I can get the vaccine.”
Eddie, another person in line Friday, said the District has made a good effort to open up the walk-in vaccine clinic. He is concerned to a certain extent about the outbreak, and that’s why he’s getting vaccinated.‘You never blow off an emerging infection’
George said there’s been a lot of stigma on sex workers and people who work in nightlife when it comes to monkeypox. Fauci said pointing fingers is the “worst thing you can do.”
Monkeypox can spread from person to person through direct contact with an infectious rash, scabs or body fluids. It also can be spread by respiratory secretions during prolonged, face-to-face contact or during intimate physical contact, such as kissing, cuddling or sex, the CDC said.
Last month, a child visiting D.C. was diagnosed with monkeypox. Another child in California also contracted it.
Fauci said five children have been secondarily infected. “Does that mean that every parent in the country should be terrified? No. Pay attention to it, but don’t panic about it,” he said.
“You never blow off any emerging infection when you don’t know yet where it’s going. So you pay attention to it, you follow it, and you respond to it in an appropriate manner.”
News Source: wtop.com
Tags: dmv download dr anthony fauci monkeypox pox response attention to it about monkeypox with monkeypox vaccine clinic been increased another person to the pop up monkeypox can the monkeypox in nightlife the district johnson said the outbreak monkeypox george said the process
Gen. Milley Annihilated Trump in a Resignation Letter He Drafted But Never Sent: You Are Doing Great and Irreparable Harm to My Country
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, General Mark Milley, criticized former President Donald Trump in a never-sent draft resignation letter, according to an excerpt from Susan Glasser and Peter Baker’s forthcoming book The Divider.
The letter was reportedly drafted on June 8th, a week after the events of Lafayette Square, where Black Lives Matter protestors were violently cleared from the area for Trump to get his infamous photo opportunity, posing outside the damaged St. John’s Church across from the White House, bible in hand.
Milley’s resignation letter displays a rift between Trump and the nation’s military leadership toward the end of his term in office.
“I regret to inform you that I intend to resign as your Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff,” the letter read, “Thank you for the honor of appointing me as a senior ranking officer.”
The letter continued, with Milley claiming that he could no longer justify the actions of Trump:
The events of the last couple weeks have caused me to do deep soul-searching, and I can no longer faithfully support and execute your orders as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. It is my belief that you were doing great and irreparable harm to my country. I believe that you have made a concerted effort over time to politicize the United States military. I thought that I could change that. I’ve come to the realization that I cannot, and I need to step aside and let someone else try to do that.
Second, you are using the military to create fear in the minds of the people—and we are trying to protect the American people. I cannot stand idly by and participate in that attack, verbally or otherwise, on the American people. The American people trust their military and they trust us to protect them against all enemies, foreign and domestic, and our military will do just that. We will not turn our back on the American people.
Third, I swore an oath to the Constitution of the United States and embodied within that Constitution is the idea that says that all men and women are created equal. All men and women are created equal, no matter who you are, whether you are white or Black, Asian, Indian, no matter the color of your skin, no matter if you’re gay, straight or something in between. It doesn’t matter if you’re Catholic, Protestant, Muslim, Jew, or choose not to believe. None of that matters. It doesn’t matter what country you came from, what your last name is—what matters is we’re Americans. We’re all Americans. That under these colors of red, white, and blue—the colors that my parents fought for in World War II—means something around the world. It’s obvious to me that you don’t think of those colors the same way I do. It’s obvious to me that you don’t hold those values dear and the cause that I serve.
And lastly it is my deeply held belief that you’re ruining the international order, and causing significant damage to our country overseas, that was fought for so hard by the Greatest Generation that they instituted in 1945. Between 1914 and 1945, 150 million people were slaughtered in the conduct of war. They were slaughtered because of tyrannies and dictatorships. That generation, like every generation, has fought against that, has fought against fascism, has fought against Nazism, has fought against extremism. It’s now obvious to me that you don’t understand that world order. You don’t understand what the war was all about. In fact, you subscribe to many of the principles that we fought against. And I cannot be a party to that. It is with deep regret that I hereby submit my letter of resignation.
The article in the New Yorker, additionally detailed how the former president grew increasingly irritated by his national security officials, who he believed were not displaying the appropriate level of loyalty.
In July of 2021, Trump pushed back on reports that Milley was deeply concerned that Trump would start a coup to remain in office after losing to President Joe Biden in the 2020 presidential election. The former president argued that he wouldn’t have trusted Milley to help him perform a coup, even though he claims that was not his intent.
Have a tip we should know? [email protected] | <urn:uuid:81ea11bb-8755-4305-a149-7513ef0227a3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newsclarify.com/a/26915333 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.965806 | 2,135 | 1.757813 | 2 |
They’re popping up soon across all SM Stores! If you’ve seen the little green badges that have been sprouting up all over The SM Store like mushrooms, they signal that the item in front of you is a true Green Find.
Launched recently, the SM Green Finds make it simple and easy for shoppers to have greener options by labeling them with a Green Finds badge.
To get the full Green Finds experience, just visit The SM Store at the Mall of Asia, ground floor, next to the Kultura section. There you will find the curated items: From baby’s first toys and nappies, to home décor, bed sheets, and canvass tote bags that carry the message of going green, getting local and sustainable!
Partners in Green Living
What makes them a green find? They are eco-friendly, made from natural ingredients, supports local artisans. Green finds products also support sustainable lifestyle choices – from cool tumblers that make you bring your own bottle of water to clothing made from recycled PET bottles or bamboo. This means that we are trying to reshape our behavioral and consumptions choices to do good.
But it doesn’t end there. Keep hunting for the products that you need that give you more value for money. This is part of being sustainable! It’s good for us – the consumers, good for our business, and great for the communities that we support.
The Green Finds badge basically helps us become more deliberate with our shopping choices, for a sustainable greener Earth that future generations can enjoy. | <urn:uuid:f5933381-3ea4-470c-af6c-7f6867700058> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://smgreenmovement.com/check-out-the-green-finds-pop-up-store/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.933698 | 331 | 1.570313 | 2 |
In Anniston, Alabama, a white mob awaited the arrival of the first bus bearing the Freedom Riders at the Greyhound station. As it arrived, they attacked the bus with iron pipes and baseball bats and slashed its tires. The terrified bus driver hastily drove out of the station, but the punctured tires forced the bus to pull off the road in a rural area outside of Anniston. The white mob who pursued the bus, fire bombed it and held the doors shut preventing riders from exiting the burning bus. Finally an undercover policeman drew his gun, and forced the doors to be opened. The mob pulled the Freedom Riders off the bus and beat them with iron pipes . The bus became completely engulfed in flames, and was completely destroyed. (Here is riveting description in “The Race Beat:”by Roberts and Klibinoff.)
The second bus carrying Freedom Riders arrived in Anniston an hour later at the Trailways station. The bus driver got off and talked with Anniston police and a group of 8 white men. After the black Freedom Riders refused orders to move to the back of the bus, the white gang came flying onto the bus and beat and stomped the riders, especially targeting white “nigger lovers.” The white gang threw the bleeding and semi-conscious riders to the back of the bus, and it left for Birmingham. | <urn:uuid:a3daefaa-261a-4572-ade0-8f841836f5a3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://fankhauserblog.wordpress.com/2011/05/13/violence-in-anniston-alabama/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00192-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951157 | 276 | 2.03125 | 2 |
Chemistry and FoodActivity by Basheer Paravakkal | added on Aug 09, 2011 | India
Sponsor(s): Scince Club,P.K.M.M.Higher Secondary school,EDARIKODE,Kerala,India.
A presentation on the importance of IYC 2011 and Life of Madam Marie Curie,magic experiments in the chemistry of food,a short talk on the importance of chemistry and discourse with students.
The programme is scheduled on 16th July,2011 Saturday in the smart class room of the school.The audience will be students from 8th to 10 th standard and chemistry teachers of high school classes constituting about 150 members.It is sponsored by school science club.The programme is led by Dr:MUHAMMED SHAFI,Professor,Dipartment of chemistry,Calicut University,Kozhikode,Kerala,India. who is also an activist of popular science organisation,"KERALA SASTRA SAHITHYA PARISHAD".The programme will have five sessions;1-A short inaugural session with head master Mr:K.KUNHIMOIDU,school resource group convener Mr: BASHEER KALODY,Staff secretary Ms:MALATHY P and science club convener Mr: BASHEER PARAVAKKAL on the stsge.2-A Power point presentation on the importance of IYC 2011,Life and work of Madam Mrie Curie as well as Indian Chemists.3-A domonstration of simple and magical chemistry experiments in the topic food and chemistry 4- A brief talk on the importance of chemistry for the progress of society.5-A fifteen minute discourse with students aimed at further clarification and doubt clearance. T he aim of the programme is to celebrate chemistry as a ecofriendly science which is essential for the dvelopment of modern society.
|Topic:||celebrating chemistry, hands-on activities, sustainable and green chemistry||Audience:||students from high schools and chemistry teachers| | <urn:uuid:af5bd473-2cc1-4bcf-8647-e9afff8b2494> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.chemistry2011.org/participate/activities/show?id=1362 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282935.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00236-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.900509 | 423 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Bloomberg's Tiny Houses Big with U.S. Owners Seeking Economic Freedom covers the nascent tiny home movement.
Homes are generally consider tiny if they are less than 500 square feet in total and they can be much smaller - as small as 100 square feet. They're also called micro-homes and as the article points out, most industry analysts think there are only a few thousand in the U.S.
In addition to freestanding micro homes, micro-apartments are also becoming more popular. Generally anything under 400 square feet is considered a micro-apartment and some cities - San Francisco, for example - allow new apartments to be as small as 220 square feet.
So why are people moving to tiny houses and apartments? According to the Tiny Life blog, which covers the tiny house movement:
People are joining this movement for many reasons, but the most popular reasons are because of environmental concerns, financial concerns and seeking more time and freedom.
We consider the tiny house movement another signal of the growth of economic uncertainty, which is leading to more people focusing on how they can live a more modest and sustainable life. | <urn:uuid:68e1bc94-82bf-4acb-8961-a1c391ffa66d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.smallbizlabs.com/2014/07/the-tiny-house-movement.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00354-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973113 | 229 | 2.296875 | 2 |
An anonymous reader writes "Restoring hearing with cochlea implants that replace the inner ear with an electronic version has become standard procedure for many types of deafness. Now it looks like the same thing might happen for many types of blindness. With five national labs funded by the Department of Energy, this third-generation artificial retina promises to enable the blind to see again soon. Already it has been successful in over a dozen test patients, but at resolutions too low for doing much more than proving the concept. However, if the DoE can perfect this larger version of an artificial retina, then the company Second Sight promises to commercialize the implant, aiming for VGA resolution within the decade." | <urn:uuid:15cfe19e-03ce-427c-a56e-8c94843354ca> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://science.slashdot.org/story/10/02/19/2031207/The-Blind-Shall-See-Again-But-When/informative-comments | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720238.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00188-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942382 | 139 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Agents of social control are individuals, groups and organizations that encourage other people to conform to social norms. Such agents include family, schools, the government and the media.Continue Reading
The primary agent of social control in any person's life is their family. From the beginning, families attempt to instill values that a person must live by, which usually reflect society's expectations. Further, education promotes behavioral standards in terms of dress, demeanor and sometimes, beliefs. Religion acts as an agent of social control by offering instructions or guidelines for living, as well as proposed punishments for those who do not follow them. The media and sports stars also have a role to play. While sports stars usually adhere to strict U.S. values, the media enshrines capitalism, sexism and other views.
The government can act as an indirect and direct agent of social control. Indirectly, it promotes speech that places emphasis on social values. Directly it has the power to punish and rehabilitate criminals. The government also dictates welfare programs, which are used to prevent civil disobedience and promote conformity. By introducing sanctions for certain behaviors, the government ensures people conform. In the past, they have also used torture as a means of preventing deviance.Learn more about Social Sciences | <urn:uuid:902d8297-e933-49e1-a627-133fca4d51f3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.reference.com/world-view/agents-social-control-342339782584ba9d | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00144-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949455 | 253 | 3.84375 | 4 |
The founding members and trustees of the Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience are:
The Basque Government created Ikerbasque, the Basque Foundation for Science, to develop scientific research in the Basque Country by attracting senior researchers and creating new research capacities.
The aims of Ikerbasque are to become the main science production institution in the Basque Country, in relative terms to our number of researchers; by attracting and retain scientific talent, from junior to senior; contributing to the creation of new basic excellent research centres (BERCs); and achieving the recognition of the society, the public administration and its board of trustees by its contribution to the strengthening of the Science in the Basque Country.
The University of the Basque Country is the only public university in the Basque Country. It has campuses over the three provinces of the autonomous community: Bizkaia Campus (in Leioa, Bilbao, Portugalete and Barakaldo), Gipuzkoa Campus (in San Sebastián and Eibar), and Araba Campus in Vitoria-Gasteiz. It is the main research institution in the Basque Country, carrying out most of the basic research made in that territory and taking advantage of the good industrial environment that the region constitutes.
The University of the Basque Country offers an educational model that singles us within the European Space for Higher Education. The "IKD model" (cooperative and dynamic learning) is centred in the student's learning. IKD is based on training programs for faculty development in active learning methodologies, it has developed ICTs applied to education and has initiated processes of review and improvement of competences and learning outcomes.
Set up by the Department of Health of the Basque Government, its mission is to promote innovation and research in the Basque Health Service (Osakidetza), to achieve continuous development and improvement in the capacity of the service to care for the health of the people in the region. | <urn:uuid:bcb622eb-1fdb-4a05-997b-149fe49fad72> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.achucarro.org/partnerships | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.922482 | 438 | 1.804688 | 2 |
Characteristics of inclusive language
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Inclusive language is a considered, respectful choice of words, both written and spoken, in order to create belonging and possibilities for all people to flourish. But where do you find examples of inclusive language?
There exists a few different characteristics of inclusive language. When planning an inclusive language initiative as part of your content strategy, you should consider incorporating these aspects.
- Historically-conscious language
- Gender neutral language
- Plain language writing conventions
- Properly acknowledging people and cultures
- Accessible language
- Intentional language (avoids unnecessary descriptions)
- Non-stereotypical language
- Accurate representation of diverse audiences
Characteristics of inclusive language
|Gender-neutral||Latino/Latina||Latinx||Avoid the stereotype that gender is binary.|
|Person-first||Homeless person||A person experiencing homelessness, a person without a home||Put people before a disability, diagnosis, or disorder because it doesn’t make up their identity.|
|Proper acknowledgment of people and cultures||indigenous peoples||Indigenous Peoples||Capitalize the names of cultures, nationalities, and religions.|
|Respectful language||Sexual preference||Sexual orientation|
This term has a contested implication that someone’s sexuality is their choice.
Behind the eight ball
|At a disadvantage||This phrase comes from pool/billiards, which isn’t familiar to everyone.|
|History-conscious language||Redline||Priority line||This term refers to the systematic denial of services to people living in certain areas based on their race or ethnicity.|
|Intentional language||A female scientist||A scientist||Think about what descriptions are necessary. In this case, mentioning someone’s gender isn’t.|
|Non-stereotypical language||Man up||Be brave|
This term perpetuates stereotypes that men need to appear strong at all times and implies women can’t be.
|Diverse and accurate representation||Manmade||Artificial, manufactured|
This phrase ignores the role women and non-binary people play in shaping our history and innovating our future.
Consider this text. Which characteristics of inclusive language could you improve to be more inclusive?
Dianne is a black African-American woman who works for a law firm. She’s a manager of a small but diverse team, consisting of Blake and Valentina. Valentina is Latina, and cares deeply about inclusive language in her team’s content, particularly because her partner is transgendered. This quarter, the team needs extra manpower to get things done, so they’re hiring an intern through an agency who gives high school dropouts work experience. As a disabled person, Blake was initially worried he’d be overlooked for such professional development opportunities, like supervising an intern. “Don’t be crazy” Dianne told him “You’ll be great!” On Thursdays, the firm gives free legal advice to illegal immigrants who are trying to navigate the system’s crippling bureaucracy.
Substitute these non-inclusive words for more inclusive alternatives:
- Is it really necessary to draw attention to all Dianne’s personal characteristics? How many details are really relevant to the context? Very few.
- African-American should be written without the hyphen. The hyphen has a history of derogatory use and might imply that African Americans aren’t “real” Americans.
- Latina is a gendered word. Replace with Latinx to make it gender neutral!
- Transgendered isn’t a verb, so it doesn’t need an “-ed” ending. In the verb form, it suggests that being trans is something that happens to someone, as opposed to an identity someone is born with. The inclusive word is “transgender.”
- Manpower uses a generic masculine. Try to make it gender neutral with “staff” or “workforce” or “resources.”
- High school dropouts is deficit-based language that focuses on what people lack, rather than the talents they possess. In this case, a more specific descriptor is actually helpful, such as “people who don’t have a high school diploma.”
- Rewrite “disabled person” in person-first language, so “a person with a disability,” which puts the person before their condition. Also know that some members of the disabled community do prefer identity first language.
- Calling someone “crazy” perpetuates mental health stigma, by associating it with negative or undesirable situations. It’s also a vague word. You can be more inclusive by simply using language more precisely.
- Illegal immigrants. Although a status may be illegal, a person is not. Try replacing this term with bias-free language, such as “undocumented people” or “undocumented workers.”
- Avoid using “crippled” as an adjective. It’s an ableist choice of language that’s based on the belief that typical abilities are superior.
Let’s read the text again, rewritten in a more inclusive way.
Dianne is an African American lawyer. She’s a manager of a small but diverse team, consisting of Blake and Valentina. Valentina is Latinx, and cares deeply about inclusive language in her team’s content, particularly because her partner is transgender. This quarter, the team needs extra resources to get things done, so they’re hiring an intern through an agency who gives people without college degrees work experience. As someone with a disability, Blake was initially worried he’d be overlooked for such professional development opportunities, like supervising an intern. “Don’t be worried,” Dianne told him, “You’ll be great!” On Thursdays, the firm gives free legal advice to undocumented immigrants who are trying to navigate the system’s overwhelming/oppressive/complicated bureaucracy.
Gender Neutral Language
What’s Gendered Language?
Gendered language is present in approximately one quarter of the world’s languages. In English, it’s best understood as language that has a bias towards a particular sex or social gender. That would include using gendered terms referring to professions or people, or to refer to a general group of people.
For example, when we default to the generic masculine, we rob female-identifying individuals and non-binary folk the chance to see themselves fulfilling that opportunity. It can lead to lower participation of women in technical roles, erasure of non-binary identities from the workforce, or undermine your confidence in someone’s ability to do the job based on their gender. In educational settings, gendered language is also associated with a greater gender gap in educational attainment.
Gender neutral language
The way we speak influences the possibilities we see for ourselves, and who we expect to see in certain situations or job roles. Gender neutral language acknowledges that gender doesn’t have to be binary, and allows the possibility for all genders to see themselves in all roles and areas of society.
Here are some examples of gender neutral language. For those who want to add gender neutral language into their enterprise content strategy, we also have a blog for more detailed guidance on gender neutral language in business writing.
|Congressmen||Members of Congress|
|Dear Mr. / Ms. / Mrs. / Miss||Dear Mx.|
|Husband / Wife||Spouse / Partner|
|Brother / Sister||Sibling / Family member|
|Latino / Latina||Latinx|
|He / She||They / Theirs|
|Ladies and Gentleman||Everyone / Folks|
|Landlord||Owner / Property Manager|
|Man a job or project||Staff a job or project|
Remember it’s not just about non-binary individuals. Many women prefer not to be subsumed into a group of “ladies” because of society’s expectations and stereotypes about how women should behave.
Want more support in how to write in gender neutral language across your business content? No problem! Not only do we have an Acrolinx Inclusive Language Guide that covers all characteristics of inclusive language, but the APA Publication Manual has some great info on removing bias in your writing. | <urn:uuid:d1d489eb-98cf-4708-af99-d92229281f50> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.acrolinx.com/inclusive-language-characteristics/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572043.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814143522-20220814173522-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.9063 | 1,857 | 3.984375 | 4 |
South Africa’s 2012-13 Budget Deficit May be Under 5%
The South African Revenue Service collected 814 billion rand ($88.4 billion) of taxes in the year, more than an estimate of 810.5 billion rand, Gordhan told reporters in Pretoria today. The budget gap is estimated at 5.1 percent, down from a February projection of 5.2 percent, though it may be lower than that if the government spends less than forecast, he said.
“Getting 4 billion rand extra in the current circumstance is a remarkable achievement,” Gordhan said. “The combination of extra revenue and some areas of underspending is likely to take our deficit below 5 percent.”
Gordhan has been forced to scale back his revenue projections as mining strikes and a drop in demand from Europe cut exports, curbing growth in Africa’s biggest economy. The government plans to narrow the budget gap to 3.1 percent of GDP in the fiscal year ending in March 2016 from an estimated 4.6 percent this year.
South Africa plans to cut spending for the next three years as it faces downgrades from Standard & Poors and Moody’s Investors Service. Elections next year will put pressure on President Jacob Zuma to raise social spending, limiting Gordhan’s ability to tighten the gap quickly enough, according to S&P and Moody’s.
The rand fell 0.2 percent to 9.2087 against the dollar as of 3 p.m. in Johannesburg, taking its decline this year to 8 percent.
To contact the reporter on this story: Andres R. Martinez in Johannesburg at [email protected]
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Nasreen Seria at [email protected] | <urn:uuid:21fcf72c-c456-44cf-b44f-73c426537241> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/print/2013-04-02/south-africa-s-2012-13-budget-deficit-may-be-under-5-.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00566-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.929639 | 378 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Third Direction challenge
Exposing and challenging a secret MI5 policy authorising informants to commit crimes in the UK
In June 2017, Privacy International and Reprieve began a legal challenge on the basis that the conduct overseen under the third direction was unlawful, not least because it was entirely secret. Faced with the prospect of defending these proceedings, the Government published the third direction on 1 March 2018. It was then revealed that the third direction instructed the Commissioner to keep under review the application of the Security Service guidelines on the use of agents who participate in criminality and the authorisations issued in accordance with them. This is the first time that the UK Government has acknowledged that guidance exists to regulate criminal activity within the United Kingdom by 'agents' recruited by MI5.
In April 2018, the Committee on the Administration of Justice and the Pat Finucane Centre joined the case.
In Privacy International’s Bulk Personal Datasets/Bulk Communications Data (BPD/BCD) claim, the Security and Intelligence Services disclosed that the Prime Minister had issued three directions to the Intelligence Services Commissioner. The first direction was public. The second direction was made public in the course of the BPD/BCD claim. But the subject matter and date of the third direction remained secret. This is the reason why this challenge was introduced.
Through this case it was revealed that the Security Service “authorises” its so called agents (not MI5 officials) to carry out crimes in the UK. No meaningful limits to it have been disclosed. It appears that the Security Service thinks it could, if it believes it would be in the public interest, authorise participation in murder, torture, sexual assault or other grave criminality in the UK. Neither the victim of the crime, nor the police or the Crown Prosecution Service are notified of authorisations. In practice, this means that criminal conduct will never be investigated or prosecuted. Oversight to date has been extremely limited and so narrow as to be ineffective.
Together with the other claimants, we are concerned that the activities overseen under the secret policy may breach the UK’s domestic and international human rights obligations. | <urn:uuid:b1fde2d6-8c6b-4642-94a2-16a36a60d5c3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://privacyinternational.org/legal-action/third-direction-challenge | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.955327 | 434 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Surface supplied diving refers to divers using equipment supplied with breathing gas using an umbilical cord from the surface, often from a diving support vessel but possibly, indirectly via a diving chamber. SCUBA, which is commonly used in recreational diving, is the main alternative to surface supplied diving equipment. Surface supplied diving equipment and techniques are mainly used in professional diving or military diving due to the increased cost and complexity of buying and operating the equipment. This type of equipment is used in saturation diving. Divers almost always wear diving helmets or full face diving masks when being supplied from the surface. Surface supplied divers also use the spherical helmet with brass and glass windows of the historical standard diving dress. A very simple system called a Hookah allows recreational divers to enjoy surface supplied diving. The system consists of: A filter, a compressor run most often by a small gasoline engine, reserve tank and a hose to reach the diver and a regulator for the diver. Surface supplied diving equipment usually includes communication capability with the surface, which adds to the efficiency of the working diver. The surface supplied diver is less likely to have "out-of-air" emergencies because when a cylinder supplying the umbilical is exhausted it can be removed and replaced with a full one at the surface. | <urn:uuid:899560fd-7189-45f0-bf94-5d336b4e5e63> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.divebuddy.com/blog/689/surface-supplied-diving/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00444-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949074 | 254 | 3.28125 | 3 |
For years, Carla Saulter enjoyed having a car. But as her Seattle commutes got longer, she grew uneasy with how her personal habit was affecting the environment. Now car-free, Saulter believes she and her family are better off walking or taking the bus.
When I was in third grade, I started riding the Metro bus alone. At first, I was allowed to ride to school only, but eventually my parents extended my privileges to include my favorite childhood haunts: Grandma’s apartment, Pike Place Market, and in the summer Seattle Center. Back then the bus symbolized independence. It gave me a power rare among my eight-year-old peers: the ability to get around the city without the assistance of an adult.
By the time I turned sixteen, a new power beckoned—a form of transportation that was available on demand and did not require an umbrella or an extra pair of gloves. Like most young Americans, I believed the auto industry’s propaganda: that a car was required for my transition to adulthood. For the next ten years—except for a short time in college when I found myself unable to afford a personal vehicle—I left the bus behind.
But then I accepted a job at a software company based fifteen miles outside the city. During my commutes, I became more aware of the negative impact of car culture: pollution, sprawl, isolation, and fatalities. I began to question my right to subject the earth and my beloved city to the impact of my choices. So, I returned to my roots and began riding the bus to work. Eventually, I was using my car so rarely that I decided to try living without one. I sold my lovely silver coupe in March 2003 and have used the bus as my primary form of transportation ever since.
Riding the bus isn’t always fun. I don’t like riding on rainy days, when the floor is slippery and the windows so fogged up you can’t see your stop. I don’t like standing when the bus is crowded. I don’t like drivers who ride the brakes. I don’t like practical hairstyles or sensible shoes. Despite these occasional inconveniences, I will never go back to driving, because this, I believe:
I believe in sitting next to my neighbors, in saying, “How you doing today?” and “Nice weather, isn’t it?” I believe in feeling the sun on my skin, in breathing fresh air and moving my body. I believe in eavesdropping. I believe in novels you can’t put down. I believe in businesspeople and teenage lovers, middle-aged gossips and giggling toddlers. I believe in watching and listening. I believe in naps. I believe in the camaraderie that develops among riders late at night, when the smooth-voiced driver plays jazz loud enough for everyone to enjoy.
I believe in clean air, in keeping cities dense and vibrant, and in protecting our remaining farmland and forests. I believe in the beauty of Puget Sound and the majesty of Mount Rainier. I believe that human life is sacred, that the world’s resources should be shared, and that every choice matters.
I believe that change is possible—if all of us ride.
Freelance writer Carla Saulter, aka Bus Chick, blogs about transit riding on her website, buschick.com. She serves on Seattle’s Transit Master Plan Advisory Board. Ms. Saulter and her husband and two children still enjoy life without a personal vehicle.
If you enjoyed this essay, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to This I Believe, Inc. | <urn:uuid:4d557a74-a8d3-4cf8-906e-d88a92c30453> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://thisibelieve.org/essay/13074/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00329-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.959987 | 770 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Note When you disagree with someone in English, you can often sound more polite by using a phrase such as: These expressions of agree and diagree is for English short conversation are taken from:
March 5, by Liz Comments For an IELTS agree disagree essay you can either agree with the statement, disagree with the statement or give your opinion which contains a balanced approach to the issues in the statement. Another name for an agree disagree essay is an opinion essay or argumentative essay.
IELTS Agree Disagree Essay Sample Answer March 5, by Liz Comments For an IELTS agree disagree essay you can either agree with the statement, disagree with the statement or give your opinion which contains a balanced approach to the issues in the statement. Burcu dogramaci dissertation essay about sustainable tourism criteria living morality without religion essays living in the material world documentary review essay htc e8 vs m8 comparison essay agreement and disagreement essay why do we fight documentary essay, research paper about euthanasia word essay importance being time liste nadia. Agreement (or disagreement) Disagreement (or agreement) Conclusion. Note: Some essays will incorporate both agreement and disagreement in a response, but this is not mandatory. 2. Introduce the essay with a short paragraph that includes your thesis. Then, each body paragraph summarizes one point and responds to it, and a conclusion wraps the.
Download a PDF copy of the model essay below: Some people think that the best way to deal with this problem is to introduce more physical education lessons in the school curriculum.
To what extent do you agree or disagree? IELTS Agree Disagree Model Essay Owing to the problems which a growing population of overweight people cause for the health care system, some people think that the key to solving these issues is to have more sport and exercise in schools.
In my opinion, I completely agree that this is the best way to tackle the issue of deteriorating public health in relation to weight. Firstly, dealing with the issues surrounding obesity and weight problems is best solved by taking a long term approach and introducing more sport and exercise in schools.
This method will ensure that the next generation will be healthier and will not have such health problems. At the moment, the average child in the West does sport possibly twice a week, which is not enough to counteract their otherwise sedentary lifestyle.
However, by incorporating more sports classes into the curriculum as well as encouraging extracurricular sports activities, they will undoubtedly become fitter and more active. Another point to consider is that having more sports lessons for children in schools will probably result in children developing an interest in exercise which might filter through to other members of their family and have a longer lasting effect.
In other words, parents with sporty children are more likely to get involved in sport as a way of encouraging their children. By both parents and children being involved, it will ensure that children grow up to incorporate sport into their daily lives.
This is certainly a natural and lasting way to improve public health. In conclusion, to deal with an increasing population of unfit, overweight people, changing the lifestyle of the coming generation by introducing sport in schools is the easiest and most effective method to use.Being able to express your opinion, and to agree or disagree with the opinions of others, can make conversation a lot more fun and interesting.
HOME Free Essays 20 Rules of Subject Verb Agreement. 20 Rules of Subject Verb Agreement Essay. A+. Pages:2 Words We will write a custom essay sample on 20 Rules of Subject Verb Agreement specifically for you for only $ $/page.
“A number of people here disagree.”.
Burcu dogramaci dissertation essay about sustainable tourism criteria living morality without religion essays living in the material world documentary review essay htc e8 vs m8 comparison essay agreement and disagreement essay why do we fight documentary essay, research paper about euthanasia word essay importance being time liste nadia.
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In this essay I will discuss the disagreement over Poland and Truman's personality. Disagreement over how Poland should be governed was a very important factor in the development of the Cold War.
When the question asks whether you agree or disagree, you can either express a strong opinion (completely agree or disagree) or you can express a balanced opinion (partly agree, or agree to a . | <urn:uuid:92531e97-7ab7-46d5-a581-5392ba71330a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pyhewon.ashio-midori.com/agreement-and-disagreement-essay-44134zq.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573197.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818124424-20220818154424-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.943134 | 934 | 3.171875 | 3 |
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Originally posted by donniered
And if we do what dose that mean for our sovereignty.? And are leader's tell us eveything.?edit on 28-1-2013 by donniered because: (no reason given)
Originally posted by pavmas
I was 16 at the time and never had a vote. Im 54 now and still not had a vote.
Originally posted by donniered
The common market started out as a free trade area (for goods). In 1970's. Over the last 30 year's many in the EU, particularly among the 17 countries that use the euro, are on a drive for closer unification,I think Europe's end-game has to be to resemble the United States of America. Countries would be so tied together in their economic and social fabric. Allready the the european commission has power to make law's in the U.K. The question is will us one day join the Euo. And if we do what dose that mean for our sovereignty.? And are leader's tell us eveything.?edit on 28-1-2013 by donniered because: (no reason given)
originally written by Ronald Weinland
The Fifth Trumpet
The blast from the Fifth Trumpet will announce the emergence of a great political power and a great religious power on earth. The Biblical symbolisms contained in the description of the message from this trumpet blast are prophetically unique. Rather than having readers become bogged down with an overwhelming amount of Biblical study that serves no purpose here, I will simply give an overview of the meaning and outcome.
This trumpet will announce the first great “woe” on the earth.
The Final Rise of a United Europe
For over fifty years now, Europe has been moving toward a union of nations. It began in the early 1950’s with the vision of a stronger European economy being formed through the European Common Market. This finally evolved into a greater unification through the governing power of the European Union. There has been a constant driving force within Europe to unite under a stronger governing organization of nations. Over time, a core block of those nations forged a stronger bond by the adoption of a common currency—the euro. Political and even military consolidation has continued to press forward.
For over fifty years, God’s Church has foretold the rise of this united Europe, which would have a common currency, a military and religion (Roman Catholic Church), and would finally consist of only ten united countries.
For many years now, there has been a growing desire among many Europeans for the revival of an old Europe into a single United States of Europe, replacing and surpassing the United States of America as the predominant power in the world. Many in Europe are frustrated with, what they see, as too slow a pace in the progress of these goals. A bond of unity among some of these nations is becoming stronger, while their frustrations are mounting against those who are seen as slowing the process. There is deep resentment and growing bitterness toward these nations (especially Great Britain) who won’t join together for a stronger euro.
Germany will once again be the principal driving force behind a united Europe. As in the sixth revival of the Holy Roman Empire, which led into World War II, this seventh prophetic and last revival will lead into a full blown World War III. And, like a scorpion that strikes quickly without notice, a new United States of Europe will swiftly exercise great military power that it already has in its possession under the cloak of NATO. This will occur at a very specific moment in time.
In any case, like it or not, we need the EU to survive. | <urn:uuid:c10ebd38-69c3-4add-9ff0-b883570d46f2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread921903/pg1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00185-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953956 | 800 | 1.875 | 2 |
Contractors should prepare construction sites against humidity risks posed by heavy rain and snowstorms, warns Matt Watson, Moisture Control Expert for Aggreko Northern Europe
Households are still without power thanks to Storm Arwen and this new storm will bring even more disruption to the power supply.
Invisible water risk
The damage does not stop there. Storm Barra will put construction sites at risk of long-term damage caused by moisture seeping into building materials from snow and rain, also known as ‘invisible water’.
Moisture Control Expert, Matt Watson, is advocating for a more controlled process to remove moisture from affected sites, including the use of dehumidification equipment.
He highlights that by tightly regulating environmental conditions, site managers can ensure work can continue safely without the increased risk of invisible water.
Damage to materials
“December has always been a taxing month for facility and site managers, and Storm Barra could pose significant operational challenges.”
“This includes damage to materials such as wood, plaster and paint, which can hamper increasingly tight project deadlines. Harsh conditions like these, occurring almost immediately after the similarly severe Storm Arwen, stand to further disrupt these timescales.
Damage to structures
“Yet in the rush to restart operations after these events, contractors may look to ‘blast out’ moisture with heating, quickly drying out affected areas. Yet by doing so, invisible water that has soaked into materials will not be removed, which can result in expensive long-term damage to structures. This quick-heating process can also result in mould growth, placing both on-site personnel and long-term building occupants at risk.
“Extreme weather events are nothing new in this country, but climate change means these sorts of storm are becoming more frequent. Consequently, site managers must become more familiar with correct dehumidification processes if they are to navigate these complications without creating further concerns later down the line.
“Agility is required to address situations like these, and with COVID, skills and materials shortages squeezing capex budgets, hiring equipment such as dehumidifiers can allow for a swift response and keep building work on track.” | <urn:uuid:e494ea28-07ec-48b1-814e-2df61b35e2cb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.pbctoday.co.uk/news/building-control-news/storm-barra/102564/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.946298 | 455 | 2.171875 | 2 |
Bold reforms and prudent monetary and fiscal policies by the incoming Narendra Modi government will help the economy to grow at 6.5-7 percent, says a report.
According to Crisil, the decisive electoral mandate has created the best environment in a long time to bite the bullet on government finances.
Registering their best-ever showing, BJP has won 282 seats in the Lok Sabha polls, becoming the first party after 1984 election to have majority in the Lower House. Its leader Narendra Modi would be taking over as the Prime Minister soon.
The rating agency has listed out five important things -- taming inflation, fiscal consolidation, improving asset quality at banks and their recapitalisation, encouraging debt markets and boosting manufacturing and employment -- which the new government has to do on a priority basis.
"Such an agenda will improve the country's competitive efficiencies and pave the way for its re-entry into the orbit of 6.5-7 percent GDP growth in the years to come," Crisil's chief economist Dharmakirti Joshi said.
The report said for taming inflation the new government will require to have a better coordination between monetary and fiscal policies and to take steps such as dismantling the APMC Act for reduction of food inflation.
There is also a need to bring in a sea-change in storage and distribution capacities for fruits and vegetables, particularly important in the current year in view of the rising risks of monsoon failure spurred by the El Nino, it added.
For fiscal consolidation, Crisil believes this will entail reduction in subsidies and curbing expenditure and ensuring that the money spent on social welfare schemes creates durable assets than remain just cash handouts.
It is also critical to simultaneously introduce growth and revenue-enhancing measures such as clearing the long-delayed GST and improving tax compliance, the report said.
The rating agency said the country's corporate debt market needs to be fostered for growth to be sustainably funded.
"Banks alone cannot deliver the large amount of capital required to build out the country," the report said.
Steps to revive the manufacturing sector will be critical. Clarity on land acquisition, environmental clearances, better infrastructure, and labour law reforms - such as shifting its purview to the states, will be critical to improve the business climate and boost manufacturing, which is in its worst phase in the last two decades, Crisil added.
The manufacturing engine, represented in large measure by micro, small and medium enterprises, needs to do well if its fast-multiplying workforce has to find gainful employment the report said.
"The lowest-hanging fruits are fast-tracking of projects in pipeline and resolving iron ore and coal mining issues. This will improve the efficiency of capital that is now stuck, pave the way for better returns on investment, create jobs, lift income growth and spur private consumption demand," Crisil's chief executive and managing director Roopa Kudva said.
Crisil, however, said the new government's to-do list to revive the economy is a long one, but unfortunately, there is limited ability to use growth-supportive monetary and fiscal policies. The report said typically, monetary and fiscal instruments (increase in government spending) are used to prop up a sagging economy in the short run.
"However, the country has run out of such countercyclical policy ammunition as its inflation and deficits remain high and, in fact, need to be trimmed," it added. | <urn:uuid:ed3d679c-6971-4d8a-a38b-8527acdb48fb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.rediff.com/money/report/how-modi-govt-can-push-gdp-growth/20140518.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00158-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958353 | 709 | 1.609375 | 2 |
WASHINGTON — ''Can I come visit sometime, maybe spend a night or two?'' asked Sen. Mark Hatfield of the guest in his office. The Oregon Republican, a reflective politician given to intellectual curiosity, had been working at full bore on the last afternoon of Senate business before the August recess. Wearied, he was taking a break by having a conversation with Jean Vanier, whom the senator has long admired.
Since 1964, Vanier, a Canadian-born philosopher and writer, has been credited by people like Mark Hatfield with having done more than anyone to embrace the mentally handicapped. The breadth of Vanier's achievement is not widely known, but in time he surely will be honored as one of the world's genuine healers.
Twenty-one years ago, Vanier, settling in a French village an hour north of Paris, bought a cottage and took into his home two mentally handicapped adults who had been living in an asylum. About 400 mentally handicapped men and women now are cared for by Vanier in the village of Trosly. Worldwide -- in 18 countries that include the United States, India, Haiti, Ireland, Australia, Spain and Honduras -- Vanier oversees a network of more than 200 homes in which the handicapped and non-handicapped live together as families.
In 1964 Vanier placed over the door of his Trosly cottage a wooden signboard carved with the word l'Arche -- French for the ark, the biblical symbol of refuge and deliverance.
When Hatfield asked if he could visit a l'Arche community he did not know that one of them was less than 3 miles from the Capitol in the Adams-Morgan area of Washington. The July 16 Congressional Record has an entry on the community, put there by Democratic Rep. Dante Fascell of Florida to mark the first year of service. One of Fascell's assistants, Ivo Spalatin, the staff director of the House subcommittee on arms control, is president of the community.
Vanier told Hatfield that he was welcomed anytime to any l'Arche household and to stay as long as he wished. The senator said he would make arrangements to spend a few days in September at the Washington house. What he will find there has been written about in eight books by Vanier, each of them a call to conscience and self-giving. The writing emits a rare kind of intellectual integrity. Vanier's learnedness -- he has a doctorate in philosophy -- is no mere magnification of theories that often passes for wisdom in the world of position papers and reports.
For many, merely putting themselves at forced proximity to the mentally handicapped is too much. The courts go both ways in cases involving discrimination. In July the U.S. Supreme Court struck down a Cleburne, Texas, ordinance that kept out a group home for the mentally handicapped. But last September the Virginia Supreme Court sided with a group of Chesterfield County residents who filed suit to prevent construction of two homes. The sites would have housed four mentally handicapped adults and a full-time counselor.
Vanier has been through these vicious anyplace-but-here struggles. ''People with mental handicaps are an enigma for our society,'' he has written. ''In today's society, which is so organized and structured, they are seen as an economic burden. Their presence disturbs people. Very often people look down upon l'Arche as if we are completely mad. I realize this more and more. We at l'Arche consider those whom society devalues as valuable, and capable of awakening what is most precious in a human being -- the heart, generosity, the dynamism of love.''
In his conversation with Hatfield, Vanier, whose father served eight years as the governor general of Canada, used the metaphor of Illegal Commanduccess. We teach ourselves the ways of climbing it, he said, as if the top rung is where happiness is. Vanier argues the opposite: By descending the ladder and by going among those who are at the bottom -- the poorest, the sickest -- a chance for ''true community'' is found.
The senator appeared to understand. Should he spend some time with the l'Arche community near his office next month, it is likely he will understand more. | <urn:uuid:30df0723-7cc6-44a4-be9b-3ffacbdcddb7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1985-08-10/news/0320140070_1_vanier-mentally-handicapped-larche | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00424-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970578 | 880 | 1.742188 | 2 |
There have been many films made about prostitutes, courtesans and concubines, but in Kenji Mizoguchi 1952 film The Life of Oharu the principal is all three. However, it’s more in the territory of Raise the Red Lantern or Farewell My Concubine than Pretty Woman. Whilst prostitutes tend to be gin-soaked cockneys in British period dramas, their Japanese counterparts have always retained a certain mystique. Their role and function in society more concrete.
Oharu (Kinuyo Tanaka) comes from a distinguished background. After her love affair with a page (Toshirō Mifune) is discovered, her family are disgraced and banished. Struggling to eke out an existence, they sell Oharu to a rich Lord. After fulfilling her duties and producing an heir, she is cast out. Her fortunes continue to decline, everything she ties eventually ending in failure.
The Life of Oharu us a tragedy. A tragedy of misfortune, bad luck and a downward spiral which can’t be arrested. Mizoguchi beautifully captures the period through his lens. It’s a heart-breaking tale of the treatment women had to endure in 17th century Japan. Whilst it could easily lapse into melodrama, the story is told in a straightforward episodic fashion which illustrates the horror without dwelling on it. The Life of Oharu is an epic tale of misfortune, loss and prejudice. There is poetry amongst the sadness.
- New, restored high-definition digital film transfer, with uncompressed monaural soundtrack
- New audio commentary for the opening of the movie by film scholar Dudley Andrew
- Mizoguchi’s Art and the Demimonde, an illustrated audio essay featuring Andrew
- The Travels of Kinuyo Tanaka, a 2009 film by Koko Kajiyama documenting the actor’s 1949 goodwill tour of the United States
- New English subtitle translation
- A booklet featuring an essay by film scholar Gilberto Perez
The Life of Oharu is released on Blu-ray by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment as part of the Criterion Collection on Monday. | <urn:uuid:99d0f874-da14-40a5-b46e-28aa2e2d3e1a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.backseatmafia.com/blu-ray-review-life-oharu-criterion-collection/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.920142 | 441 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Last year for the holiday season we made saffron shortbread cookies, and we were feeling bad that we didn’t have a new holiday cookie this year. We got to thinking about winter sweets and some of our all-time favorite flavors, and the two sort of came together.
Some of the quintessential tastes of Spain are almonds, saffron, and bitter oranges. Why not adapt our standard linzer tart recipe to reflect that different range of flavors? Instead of hazelnuts in the dough, we could use almonds. Instead of vanilla, we could use saffron. And in place of raspberry jam, we could use Seville orange marmalade. (OK, we know that the marmalade is more a Scottish than Spanish flavor, but it does use the bitter oranges of Andalucía.)
Our first thought was to make almond meal using toasted Marcona almonds since they are the classic snack almond of southern Spain. We did that, but by losing the skin of the almond, we also lost a lot of the taste. Moreover, toasted blanched almonds ground up into too fine a flour. The result was a perfectly edible tart, but one with a more crumbly crust and less pronounced flavor than we were looking for.
Back to the drawing board. In the end, it turned out that the much less expensive California almonds gave the best flavor and were the easiest to work with. We toasted them in a dry pan in the oven at 400°F for about 10 minutes, then ground them into fine meal in a food processor after they had cooled. This technique gives a good toasted almond flavor, and also makes the saffron flavor more pronounced. The strength of saffron will depend on what kind you are using. It’s not very Spanish, but we got the best results with “Baby Saffron” from Kashmir, using four blisters of the single-serving packs.
Slices of the finished tart go well with espresso or a flute of cava.
ANDALUCÍAN CHRISTMAS TART
Makes one 7 1/2-inch (19 cm) fluted tart (serves 6-8)
1/3 cup (66 grams) granulated sugar
1 generous pinch saffron (0.2 gram)
1/4 teaspoon (1.5 grams) salt
1/2 cup (1 stick, 114 grams) butter, softened
2/3 cup (96 grams) all-purpose flour
1/2 teaspoon (2 grams) baking powder
1 cup raw almonds (150 grams), lightly toasted
1/2 cup + 1 tablespoon (200 grams) Seville orange marmalade
In coffee or spice grinder, mix sugar, saffron, and salt. Grind briefly. Empty into medium bowl. Add butter and beat until light and fluffy. Add egg and beat to mix well.
In another medium bowl, place flour and baking powder. Whisk to blend. Grind almonds to fine meal in food processor. Whisk nuts into flour mixture. Add nut-flour mixture to butter mixture. Mix on low speed until all ingredients are incorporated.
Pat 2/3 cup of the dough into bottom of 7 1/2 inch (19 cm) fluted tart pan with removable bottom. Place remainder of dough into cookie press or pastry bag fitted with a 3/8-inch fluted tip. Pipe around the edges to make side crust. Place orange marmalade into shell and smooth out until even. Pipe a lattice over top of tart.
Refrigerate tart for 30 minutes while preheating oven to 350°F. Bake tart until preserves just begin to bubble – about 35 minutes. Transfer to rack on counter to cool. Serve with a dollop of whipped cream or vanilla ice cream to balance the bitterness of the orange. | <urn:uuid:3c0ae588-3087-4876-9b19-11b698b50bb4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://hungrytravelers.com/tag/saffron/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00419-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932494 | 799 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Lizard evolution explained, according to a report in Science vol. 304, p65, 2 April 2004.
In a report entitled “How the Horned Lizard Got it Horns” biologists from Utah State University, Logan and Indiana University Bloomington, present “data from the wild, showing natural selection by loggerhead shrikes favours longer horns in the flat tailed horned lizard (Phrynosoma mcalli).” The biologists compared the horns of flat tailed horned lizards that have been killed by shrikes (predatory birds) with the horns of live lizards living in the same area, and found the live lizards had longer horns. They concluded that the lizards evolved horns in order to defend themselves against predators.
Editorial Comment: This is a real example of natural selection, but it is not evolution, and it certainly does not explain how the horned lizard got its horns. Natural selection is a real process, but it does not explain the origin of the feature that is being selected. To select something means to choose it from pre-existing options. In this case, long horn lizards are selected because they already had long horns.
Were you helped by this item? If so, consider making a donation so we can keep sending out Evidence News and add more items to this archive. For USA tax deductible donations click here. For UK tax deductible donations click here. For Australia and rest of world click here. | <urn:uuid:067946fc-f3e2-4680-94cf-7571da19a5fd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://creationfactfile.com/4594/lizard-evolution/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.948383 | 299 | 3.484375 | 3 |
Topics in Language Resources for Translation and Localisation
Language Resources (LRs) are sets of language data and descriptions in machine readable form, such as written and spoken language corpora, terminological databases, computational lexica and dictionaries, and linguistic software tools. Over the past few decades, mainly within research environments, LRs have been specifically used to create, optimise or evaluate natural language processing (NLP) and human language technologies (HLT) applications, including translation-related technologies. Gradually the infrastructures and exploitation tools of LRs are being perceived as core resources in the language services industries and in localisation production settings. However, some efforts ought yet to be made to raise further awareness about LRs in general, and LRs for translation and localisation in particular to a wider audience in all corners of the world. <i>Topics in Language Resources for Translation and Localisation</i> sets out to establish the state of the art of this ever expanding field and underscores the usefulness that LRs can potentially have in the process of creating, adapting, managing, standardising and leveraging content for more than one language and culture from various perspectives. | <urn:uuid:7c67d371-411d-4b39-94f1-c013453005ea> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.jbe-platform.com/content/books/9789027291097 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720475.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00355-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.929679 | 236 | 2.5 | 2 |
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