text
stringlengths 181
608k
| id
stringlengths 47
47
| dump
stringclasses 3
values | url
stringlengths 13
2.97k
| file_path
stringlengths 125
140
| language
stringclasses 1
value | language_score
float64 0.65
1
| token_count
int64 50
138k
| score
float64 1.5
5
| int_score
int64 2
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
To Kill A Mockingbird is a classic book that is as relevant today as it always has been. Written from a young girls perspective, “Scout” is a wonderful character. She sees the best in people and isn’t afraid to be her own person. Jem, her older brother is never far from her side and getting into mischief. Atticus is a great teacher to his children, with so many quotable phrases to help guide them gently along the right path. He tries to teach his children how to be respectful and compassionate whilst ensuring they don’t miss out on the fun of childhood. He is a very wise dad, and also the county’s lawyer.
When a controversial case is assigned to him we see Atticus take on his lawyer role to protect justice in an unjust world. The court scenes are tense and dramatic, and we see it all unfold from the perspective of his children. An innocent view of what is fair and what is right.
Although the central story is the court case, I would say the real gems are with the other characters that really pull on your emotions. Boo Radley, the man living next door who the children never see but are obsessed with. Calpurnica, the housekeeper, and her relationship with the children, her church, and Atticus. Mrs Dubois, the grumpy old lady who is tough on the children. They all had meaningful messages to bring.
There is no doubt that To Kill A Mockingbird will always be a classic. It is timeless in its messages and a stark reminder that we have so much more to do.
I received a 60th edition copy from the publisher via NetGalley. | <urn:uuid:9c1933ca-0e78-43d6-85d5-63df6d5726ce> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mrsredsreviews.com/2020/07/18/to-kill-a-mockingbird-by-harper-lee/?shared=email&msg=fail | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570868.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808152744-20220808182744-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.98 | 348 | 1.9375 | 2 |
Are you facing issues with your kitchen faucet recently? More specifically, is your kitchen faucet pulsating when it should be still and steady? Find out why it occurs and how you can fix it below!
Why Does Kitchen Faucet Pulsate?
If your kitchen faucet is pulsating, the reason is most likely water surging. This happens due to a lack of air in the water tank. Water tanks need air pressure for compression. Otherwise, water fills the tank too much, leading to surging water in pipelines. The force ends up pulsating your faucet.
The way it works in a standard tank is that water is stored with air still inside. The absorption of air through the water molecules occurs with time. If the air is decreased in supply, the pressure in the tank becomes off-balance.
The decreased pressure means air cannot compress the water. The water level thus surges and fills up the tank. So when you turn on the tap, the kitchen faucet will be pulsating because there isn’t enough air pushing water through the pipes.
In simple terms, the force that pushes water through the pipelines is from the air compressing the water.
In the case of a bladder-pressure tank, the water and air do not meet. This is why if leaks occur due to long-time usage or lack of durability, the air pressure becomes unbalanced. And the same problem with pulsating arises.
Another common cause for more vigorous pulsating, such as shaking, is due to water hammer. The sudden closing of taps causes air to get stuck inside the pipes. The compression of the air causes the pipes and faucet to shake.
What Causes a Faucet to Pulsate?
We’ve highlighted key reasons for pulsating faucets below:
The water tank has too much water:
When the water tank has too much water, air pressure is not able to compress properly. That leads to pulsating.
Air pressure in the water tank is not enough:
Air pressure could be misaligned with your tank for many reasons. The pressure gauge could be fixed wrongly. Water levels might be too high, etc. All these reasons lead to water surging which is the main cause of pulsating.
Surging of water in the pipelines:
The pipelines could be facing water surging as well due to leaks, cracks, etc.
Debris and dirt build-up in the pipes:
Due to breakage out of wear and tear or weather conditions, the pipe can be exposed to outside elements like dirt and debris. These build and lead to a decrease in water pressure.
Leaks in any part of the plumbing system:
Leaks in any plumbing fixture can cause your water pressure to go down.
Valve is closing too quickly:
Any valve, whether it’s the supply valve, check valve, or the water-reducing valve, closing and opening too fast will cause a surging of water. The quick close and open makes the water rush out too fast, so it needs to be done slowly.
Pre-charge on a pressure tank is unsuitable:
The pressure switch and pre-charge need to work in conjunction for your tank to do its job. If it’s out of order, water surging is inevitable.
Loose connecting pipe to faucet:
A simple issue could be that the pipe that’s connected to the underside of your faucet is not tight enough. The loose and misaligned hold causes the kitchen faucet to pulsate.
The pressure switch is malfunctioning:
The pressure switch can get corroded. This is quite a problem as this part is responsible for keeping track of the pressure. Any malfunction can lead to water surging.
Loose washer in the valve:
A loose washer connecting to the nut of the valve can make your kitchen faucet pulsate. This is the flattened ring steel that goes along with the nut and bold. This is used to prevent screws from going loose, so if it’s loose, then the whole connection is loose.
The diverter in the faucet is causing a pressure surge:
Diverters are responsible for switching from hot and cold water. They do so by using pressure differences. Sudden stops of water flow can make the pressure surge and faucet to pulsate. You’ll hear a similar noise as water hammering.
If the pump is short-cycling, it can cause clogging of the faucet. This usually happens if the starting/stopping pressure is reached.
How to Fix a Pulsating Faucet?
The most important tip is to not take pulsating water flow lightly. Left unfixed, surging water can cause problems with your entire plumbing system down the line.
Check the tank’s air pressure:
The air pressure is the most likely culprit, so we will be checking it first. You can do so by completely emptying the tank as well as the pump from water. Remember to turn off the electricity connection first.
In the tank, you will see the bladder valve. Remove it. Now, by using a pressure gauge, you can take note of the air pressure.
If it’s too low, you need to add in some air. If it’s too high, you need to release some of it.
If it’s within a normal range of an empty tank (2 PSI below the lowest number on your pressure switch), you can conclude that air pressure is not the cause.
Check the pressure switch:
Many parts of your pressure switch can get worn out, corroded, clogged, etc. You need to do a thorough check of your pressure switch. You need to detach it from the tank to inspect.
Sometimes the problem can vanish with some cleaning. Other times, for example, with corroded parts, you might need replacing.
Tighten the connecting pipe to the kitchen faucet:
The last effort is in checking your connecting pipe/hose to the faucet. If it’s loose, it might be the cause. Tighten it back.
If nothing changes, get help from a professional:
When all else fails, there’s no choice but to call in an expert. There’s only so much DIY lovers can do. It’s better to avoid irreparably damaging something expensive or crucial. Pros can better assess the pulsating kitchen faucet problems, and you’ll get a faster repair.
What Causes Surging Water Pressure?
There are many reasons behind surging water:
Tank is waterlogged:
If your tank is waterlogged, the air is unable to compress properly, which leads to surging. You may also notice the motor pump is switching on and off by itself without you using water. Try draining your water tank to fix this problem.
A leakage in the pipelines is related to the surging of water pressure. You might think that will cause less surging, but if water cannot travel through a broken line, another will face a heavy flow as surging.
Heating system in connected water lines:
When a heater is emptied, a valve allows water to re-fill the container. You’ll see a temporary pressure drop, but as soon as the valve closes, the water might rush back in as a water surge.
Automated sprinkler or similar appliance is causing it:
These devices use a lot of pressure when working. So, during use, you’ll notice a loss in water pressure. But afterward, the water surges as it reaches a normal pressure level again. This goes for any appliance using high-pressure water.
Valves aren’t closing slow enough:
The fast closing and opening of valves change the flow of water too suddenly. This can lead to water surging.
Why Does My Water Pressure Keep Fluctuating?
Water pressure fluctuates for several reasons. Some common causes are trapping of air inside pipelines, clogged and outdated pipes, pressure-reducing valve malfunction, varying water supply, crowded waterlines, etc.
How Do I Stop My Water Pressure Dropping?
You can stop pressure drops in water in the following ways:
- Keep an eye on your water tank’s air pressure.
- Replace pressure balancing valve with thermostatic valve so hot and cold water don’t mix.
- Take account of appliances that use high pressure and the time your usage.
- Update your diverters.
- Check if your water lines are used by too many people and what rush hours are.
- Check if your water supply is running low for some reason.
- Keep an eye out for leaks in pipes.
Also check these issues with Faucet Low Pressure, Thump, Loose, Whistle, Sputter & their solutions!
How Do You Increase Water Flow in a Kitchen Faucet?
You can increase water flow in a kitchen faucet in the following ways:
Unclog the aerator
The aerator’s job is to add air to the water flow. For this reason, it has several holes. They can easily get clogged with dirt and debris. Clean the aerator by removing it from the kitchen faucet.
Then place it in some warm water and vinegar mixture for a few hours. The dirt will come off more easily this way.
Unclog the cartridge
Cartridges also have tiny holes that can pick up dirt. These clog up the water flow. So, clean it by removing it from the faucet and rinsing.
You may need to let it sit in vinegar if the blockage is too persistent. If you think it’s beyond repair, it’s best to get a new one.
Water surging is the main cause of pulsating faucets. And water surging can occur for many reasons. While knowing some common checks to do yourself is important, remember a professional is always there to help. | <urn:uuid:994ebe85-10f3-4039-802d-a2039c1ba8ea> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://yourniftyhome.com/kitchen-faucet-pulsate/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00677.warc.gz | en | 0.932463 | 2,103 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Being a cart girl is not a complicated job, but it does require a lot of energy. Most of the beverage cart driver’s success is due to her friendly manner and upbeat attitude. A simple smile and pleasant small talk with the customers can greatly increase sales and tips for the day. Every driver has her own habits and style when doing this job, so there is no set way of doing it, as long as the basic rules are obeyed. There are three main parts to a cart shift: stocking, driving, and unloading. Make sure cart is clean and presentable.Especially food and beverage compartments. Hose off/wipe down if needed.
This usually takes about half an hour and is the least fun part of the job.
1Determine if you need to go to the storage room or area for items that are used up in the usual refrigerators. Always restock the fridge with beer.
2Fill the cart’s insulated compartments with a layer of ice.
3Load the sodas, waters, sports drinks, and juices into one cooler, lining them up in an attractive way so they look appealing.
4Count and record the number of each item as you load them to save time and keep track of the inventory.
5Load the beers: domestic (about 25), premium (6), and imported (about 20) into the beer cooler.
6Place chips, crackers, cookies, candies, and other snacks into a small cooler. Also count these. (it helps if you just take the exact same number of each item, like 15 of each, to save recording time and confusion)
7Pour a layer of ice on top of the drinks.
8Count and record the amount of money in your bank, and take it with you on the cart.
A golf cart has two pedals like any car, but goes only 15 mph (24 km/h), so the accelerator should be floored at all times, except around bends or bumpy areas.
1Start at the end of the course, at the 18th hole, so that you go against the flow of the golfers.
2Make eye contact with everyone that you pass to make sure that they saw you and acknowledged you. Some will wave, and others will try to say something that you obviously can’t hear over the sound of the cart, so just smile. Its best to always try to stop and talk to everyone and make small talk. This will make the customer feel good and for them know that even if they don't want a drink they you are there and that you still care about them and not the just the sale. Next time they just may get a drink because of this.
3Stop for anyone that flags you down, and sell them what they want. # Leave your phone on and keep where you can hear it in case the clubhouse needs to call and direct you to THIRSTY GOLFERS.
4Encourage the consumption of alcohol, as this helps your tips as you make more rounds. You must charge for EVERYTHING! Giving away free drinks/undercharging will lead to immediate termination.
5Stop and pull the cart off the path and hide behind a tree if you see anyone shooting off the tee in your direction. This is a frequent occurrence and you can sit behind a tree for up to 5 minutes as the golfers take turns. .
6Stop immediately if you see anyone putting at a hole. Be completely silent as not to break their concentration. Stay out of the fescue grass. DO NOT DRIVE ON THE TEES OR GREENS! Do not cross a fairway in front of golfers you may get hit and its not proper golf etiquette. Then congratulate them on their shot by offering them a cold beer.
7Know the regulars. They appreciate being recognized and will reward you.
This part takes about 30 minutes.
1Remove all of the unsold items from the cart, counting and recording them carefully as you go.
2Return everything to the fridge. And stock the fridge for the next day or next shift.
3Ring up the items you sold on the register and deposit the correct amount of money into the cash drawer.
4Refill the cart’s bank for the next shift with the same amount that you received for your shift, and the remaining money goes in your pocket. Good work!
5Put the cart away and return the key.
- The amount of food and drinks that you load depends on the prospects of the day. If it is the weekend and the weather is nice, you would want to load much more than on a rainy, cold Wednesday. Predicting the sales of the day takes some experience, but if you need more goods, you can always restock, so don’t worry. Keep in mind that it is better to overstock than run out of something and disappoint a customer.
- The gas powered beverage cart is not as quiet as the nice electric ones that the golfers get, it is in fact, extremely loud, and this poses a problem on a silent course.
- Make sure you have a cell phone on you in case of emergency. On a golf course, you can be far away from any help.
- Make sure you are complying with local and state laws regarding the sale of alcohol.
- Do not tip the cart over. This is extremely rare but can happen when you go too fast around a bend, over a high bump, or load the side compartments unevenly. It is most likely to tip when you go off the cart path into the woods to protect yourself from golf balls.
- Be aware of animals and bugs that live on the course.
Things You'll Need
- Beverage cart
- Money bank pouch | <urn:uuid:ef1ac481-7587-4c8d-8e7e-632e19683470> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.wikihow.com/Run-a-Beverage-Cart | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00098-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.950948 | 1,192 | 1.507813 | 2 |
The Fallen Angel is the final book in Tracy Borman’s trilogy that follows Frances Gorges’ story through the twists and turns of life at the English court under the Scottish king, James VI and I. Having thoroughly enjoyed The King’s Witch and The Devil’s Slave, I was looking forward to The Fallen Angel, and I was not disappointed.
Although by this point, James has lost his fervour for hunting witches, the Stuart court remains a perilous place for a woman who has been accused of witchcraft – even one who has been pardoned – and being on the wrong side of the king’s favourite, the Duke of Buckingham, is a most dangerous position to be in. Frances’ husband, Thomas, now well-established as a favoured servant in the royal household, suffers under the rule of his new master, Buckingham, and Frances finds herself increasingly at odds with the man. George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, is the stuff of which 'classic' villains are created. Using his relationship with the king to create great power for himself, his angelic good looks belie his depraved behaviour.
Some of the familiar figures from the first two books – James and his queen, Anne of Denmark, Princess Elizabeth, Walter Raleigh, and the Earl of Rutland – are joined by new ones – I was particularly taken with the quietly clever Francis Bacon - but it is the malevolent Villiers that dominates. In this final volume, Frances, despite her best efforts, is drawn back into the world of intrigue and a final bid by Sir Walter Raleigh and his network of Catholic supporters to replace James with a Catholic monarch. While we know the way the history plays out, Borman deftly uses the historical facts to construct a richly-detailed background to Frances’ gripping story, bringing to life the strong and differing religious factions of the period. The intensity of belief and the great danger that many Catholics put themselves in by plotting to rid the kingdom of James underpins Frances’ world.
Borman is a natural storyteller. The story ebbs and flows in an absorbing manner and her detailed knowledge of the historical detail of the period is well-used. She evokes vivid images, sights and smells and her skill at conveying a sense of place, with few words or unnecessary description, brings Whitehall, Greenwich, and Stuart London to life in such a way that they, and Whitehall, in particular, become another character in the story.
Highly recommended – as, indeed, are the first two books in The King’s Witch trilogy. | <urn:uuid:057c9a43-31ab-41fa-ae62-66fc18e7bcb2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.tudortimes.co.uk/books/book-reviews/the-fallen-angel | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.960297 | 530 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Nemertes Research has released a report on the future of the Internet infrastructure. The key finding from the report is that bandwidth demands are exceeding infrastructure investment, especially at the access layer. We noted in the project that users may begin to see the impact of degraded application performance as early as 2010. We also noted that the planned investments in Internet infrastructure are insufficient to meet growing demand.
From the executive summary:
Our findings indicate that although core fiber and switching/routing resources will scale nicely to support virtually any conceivable user demand, Internet access infrastructure, specifically in North America, will likely cease to be adequate for supporting demand within the next three to five years. We estimate the financial investment required by access providers to "bridge the gap" between demand and capacity ranges from $42 billion to $55 billion, or roughly 60%-70% more than service providers currently plan to invest.
It's important to stress that failing to make that investment will not cause the Internet to collapse. Instead, the primary impact of the lack of investment will be to throttle innovation-both the technical innovation that leads to increasingly newer and better applications, and the business innovation that relies on those technical innovations and applications to generate value. The next Google, YouTube, or Amazon might not arise, not because of a lack of demand, but due to an inability to fulfill that demand. Rather like osteoporosis, the underinvestment in infrastructure will painlessly and invisibly leach competitiveness out of the economy.
The report is freely available for download (registration is required).
|Data Center||Policy & Regulation|
|DNS Security||Regional Registries|
|Domain Names||Registry Services|
|Intellectual Property||Top-Level Domains|
|Internet of Things||Web|
|Internet Protocol||White Space|
Afilias - Mobile & Web Services | <urn:uuid:4353228d-57ba-4748-8a39-afb08476fe44> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.circleid.com/posts/711209_bandwidth_demands_internet_infrastructure/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00403-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.865716 | 380 | 1.898438 | 2 |
Nepal to learn from Namibia
The Parliamentary Standing Committee on Economics, Natural Resources and Public Administration, together with other stakeholders, visited Nepal from February 23 to 6 March to promote learning between the two countries’ globally-recognised community-based natural resources management (CBNRM) programmes.
The tour comes after a high-profile visit to Namibia by Nepal Parliamentarians, governmental officials, and NGOs. The aim of this visit was for Nepal to learn from Namibia’s nation-building experiences, in the drafting of its constitution. Nepal was particularly interested in learning how Namibia built the protection of the environment into its constitution and how Namibian communities were managing and benefiting from their wildlife through communal conservancies.
During the visit, the 10-member delegation, was exposed to concepts, some of which appear suitable for introduction at 71 communal conservancies, such as household biogas plants which can be used for household cooking, and at the same time reducing deforestation; cultural tourism; and cooperative credit unions.
Nepal has a similar CBNRM Programme to Namibia, that has been operating since the early 1990s and has up to date achieved great conservation results. Nepal houses more than 17 000 community forests that are contributing towards robust and recovering populations of rhino, tiger, and mixed species of mammals.
The delegation was composed of representatives from the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Economics, Natural Resources, and Public Administration; Ministry of Environment and Tourism; the Namibia Association of CBNRM Support Organisations (NACSO); the NGO Integrated Rural Development and Nature Conservation (IRDNC). From the private sector, it was Wilderness Safaris; Torra Conservancy and WWF-Namibia.
The delegation was headed by Dr. Moses Amweelo and Simson Tjongarero. | <urn:uuid:fdff9068-f2aa-45da-af08-0d38f52aab80> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://economist.com.na/1046/general-news/nepal-to-learn-from-namibia/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.954146 | 369 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Our Mission in India
The International Zinc Association (IZA) was created in 1991 by a group of leading zinc producers and is guided by the principal of undertaking actions that positively influence the market and image of zinc.
The Association’s primary goal is to deliver value to its Members through innovative programs in its strategic focus areas of Environment and Sustainable Development, Technology and Market Development and Communications.
Indian Sheet Steel Building Group
The Indian Sheet Steel Building Group is India’s premier resource on sheet steel. Launched in 2013, the ISSBG joins steel manufacturers, fabricators of building products, and engineering professionals to raise industry standards though technical information and publications and expert guidance.
News, activities, and updates from IZA India.
A World Surrounded in Zinc
Zinc isn’t just found in your daily vitamin – it surrounds us all: protecting our infrastructure, maintaining human health and growth, and helping crops grow faster and stronger. Without zinc, there would be no life. | <urn:uuid:0a6b3eac-fba8-46a8-a2ad-b0175a24d29e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://zinc.org.in/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00071.warc.gz | en | 0.91545 | 208 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Helen Rushdi Ayoubi*
Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria
*Corresponding author:Helen Rushdi Ayoubi, Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University, Fayez Mansour Street, P.O. BOX: 30621, Mazzeh Highway, Damascus, Syria
Submission: August 06, 2021;Published: September 02, 2021
A coronary artery disease is considered an important cause of mortality in society and imposed the extensive costs for patients. Therefore, the aim of this mini review was to evaluate the relationship between coronary arteriosclerosis and dental pulp calcification in patients. Dental radiography has the potential to be used as a rapid screening method for the early detection of coronary artery disease. Given the routine request for panoramic radiographs in dental examinations, dentists can use the technique to screen individuals with a risk of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD). This shows the role of dentists in the general health of the public in society.
Keywords: Calcification; Pulp Stone; Coronary Artery Disease; Panoramic Radiography
Mineral deposits can be formed in ectopic areas or dystrophic lesions under various conditions in the body , this mineral deposition can make changes with the appearance of a lesion or plaque and be observed radiographically .
Calcification of atherosclerotic lesions is very common , the mechanism of atherosclerotic calcification can be performed as passive mineral deposition, bone formation, or remodeling . Atherosclerosis can occur as a chronic disease and increases by aging, where during the process, the cholesterol crystal deposits attach to the inner layers of the arteries and gradually increase in size and volume, followed by calcium deposition.
The main characteristic of atherosclerosis is narrowing and loss of elasticity of blood vessels . On the other hand, the most common cause of myocardial ischemia is the presence of atherosclerotic lesions in one or more coronary arteries . This process reduces myocardial blood flow and cause insufficient myocardial perfusion by the coronary artery and identified as one of the main causes of mortality in the world .
Pulp stones are calcified bodies in the dental pulp of the teeth , classified into two classes of “true” and “false” . True pulp stones are quite rare and contain dentine with specific dentinal tubules surrounded by odontoblast cells , whereas the false pulp stones are made up of concentric layers of mineralized tissue created through the mineralization of calcium on vascular epithelial and neuron cells . In fact, the collagen bundles of vascular and neural sheaths are the center of calcification . Pulp stones are more reported in the coronal pulp, compared to the apical pulp , and the pulp stones larger than 200 µm can be detected in radiographic assessments .
However, the main cause of pulp stones remains unknown , several factors have been recognized for their formation including aging and idiopathic factors . Other factors involved in this area include dental orthodontic movements , prolonged exposure to stimuli such as decay and deep fillings , surgical procedures and periodontal diseases . This condition also occurs in patients with systematic diseases , genetic diseases (e.g., Dentin Dysplasia and Dentinogenesis Imperfecta) , and syndromes such as Van der Wounde and Marfan syndrome . Furthermore, evidence shows that hypercalcemia, gout and kidney stones [18,19] could be predisposing factors for pulp calcification.
Since pulp stones are ectopic calcification on vascular walls, they may have similar pathogenesis to the calcifications of other body organs, including coronary artery atherosclerosis. Therefore, detecting them in normal dental radiographs can be used as a screening method for early detection of cardiovascular diseases. Taking panoramic dental radiograph is a part of a dental checkup, and pulp stones can be detected in panoramic radiographs as much as they can be identified in periapical and bitewing radiographs .
Most studies reported that the frequencies of pulp stones were highest in molars [12,20-24]. Given the fact that pulp stones smaller than 200 µm are not shown in radiographs, it is possible that the prevalence of pulp stones is estimated lower than the real amount . Otherwise, the use of Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) imaging for all teeth is not ethical due to the high x-ray dose. Therefore, normal radiographs are recognized as a non-invasive method in clinical assessments.
In some studies, the pulp of extracted teeth is assessed in terms of histopathology to evaluate the prevalence of pulp stones . In these studies, it is also possible to estimate less than the actual value if adequate sections of the tooth have not been prepared .
In fact, there is debate and uncertainty about the correlation between pulp stones and systematic disorders. In the one of studies, Sener et al. found that there was no association between cardiovascular diseases and pulp stones. Also, in a histological assessment, Krell et al. reported that there were no atherosclerotic changes in dental pulp vessels of atherosclerotic monkeys. Alsweed et al. , Horsley et al. , and Yilmaz et al. investigated the dental pulp calcification and calcification in the carotid artery bifurcation area on panoramic radiography, and they found no significant statistical relationship in this regard.
It is notable that the calcification of carotid arteries was evaluated in these studies and not coronary arteries, while the nature of vascular calcification was considered in both states. So, the different results are obtained. One of the causes of this difference is the use of panoramic radiographs to assess carotid calcification.
Furthermore, angiography images are used in the assessment of coronary arteries, which yield more accurate results. Besides, some studies have shown a strong correlation between dental pulp stones and systematic diseases, where Mathew et al. were found that there was a significant correlation between the prevalence of dental pulp stones and systematic diseases, especially Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD). According to the results of these researchers, 86% of the cases had pulp stones with DM or CVD. It was also reported that the prevalence of pulp stones was higher in male subjects and the elderly. Similarly, Sridevi et al. found that the patients who suffer from coronary artery disease (100%) had a high chance of developing pulp stones, but in this study, no significant difference was observed in terms of prevalence based on gender. In addition, Edds et al. reported after using the pericardial radiography that individuals with pulp stones were (4.4) times more prone to CVD, compared to those without pulp stones. Likewise, results presented by Panwar et al. were indicative of a high chance of pulp stones in patients with CAD. Also, the high presence of pulp stones in different teeth makes individuals prone to CVD, especially in the presence of other risk factors.
Given the routine request for panoramic radiographs in dental examinations, dentists can use the technique to screen individuals with a risk of CVD. This shows the role of dentists in the general health of the public in society.
© 2021. Helen Rushdi Ayoubi*. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially. | <urn:uuid:f586edb0-6c32-4571-952c-866dc671bbe8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://crimsonpublishers.com/mrd/fulltext/MRD.000646.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.927974 | 1,677 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Grief is a profound emotion that arises in response to loss. People experience and express grief in a myriad of ways, which are shaped heavily by their culture, background, experiences, beliefs, and temperament. Finding a healthy resolution for dealing with loss is an important step towards healing.
Who is counselling for?
Grief counselling is important for individuals who feel overcome by their loss; that is, they feel overwhelmed by their regular responsibilities and find it difficult to cope with the change they have experienced. It can also be important for people who do not get the time to properly process their emotions after a loss, due to concurrent or increased responsibilities brought about by the change.
It is a common misconception that grieving is only necessary for individuals who have suffered a bereavement. Healthy grief management is equally as important for people undergoing other forms of life-altering change, separation or loss, such the loss of a job, home, or relationship.
Counsellors trained in grief management can help individuals work through the stages of grief and impart tools and techniques to deal with the associated mental stresses of loss. They can help individuals find meaning and move towards healing by working through their grief. Grief counselling can help with the following:
Unresolved, grief can lead to feelings of anxiety, depression, and listlessness. If grief is not given a healthy avenue of expression and resolution, it can result in detrimental habits such as self-blame or reliance on unhealthy coping strategies such as alcohol dependence. Working with a counsellor to manage grief can greatly improve a person’s quality of life and bring new meaning to life after loss.
Do I need this? Some red flags to pay attention to…
Our Therapists who can help:
Here are the Therapists on our platform who can help you deal with bereavement, loss, separation or grief. | <urn:uuid:4aead9aa-1485-4450-870b-d79ffff06982> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://talkyourheartout.com/grief-counselling/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570651.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807150925-20220807180925-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.956529 | 378 | 2.59375 | 3 |
A nuclear medicine imaging scan uses tiny amounts of radioactive materials (tracers) to take pictures of various parts of the body. For a nuclear medicine scan, your child will be given the radioactive material by injection, by mouth, inhalation, or into the bladder.
A special camera and computer make images of the area(s) of the body the doctor needs to see. No radiation is emitted from the machine itself. The machine is reading signals given off by the tracers in the body.
(8 a.m.-4:30 p.m.)
What to expect when coming to Akron Children's
For healthcare providers and nurses
Residency & Fellowships, Medical Students, Nursing and Allied Health
For prospective employees and career-seekers
Our online community that provides inspirational stories and helpful information. | <urn:uuid:c4fa0341-49a9-43d9-8fef-56ba789fa847> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.akronchildrens.org/cms/procedures_tests/nuclear_medicine_scan/index.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00327-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.903979 | 165 | 3.40625 | 3 |
Author: Andria Cimino
Common Name: Glassy-winged Sharpshooter, Xylophagous Leafhopper
Scientific Name: Homalodisca coagulata (Say, 1832)
Classification:Phylum or Division: Arthropoda
Identification: Adults are large, almost half an inch (12mm) in length, dark brown or black, head and back stippled with ivory or yellowish spots. They have red-veined but otherwise transparent wings, from which their name is derived. Nymphs are wingless.
Original Distribution: Southeastern U.S. and northern Mexico (except for very arid areas)
Current Distribution: In addition to the above, found throughout Southern California as far east as San Bernardino County, and in patches as far north as Butte County.
Site and Date of Introduction: First sighted in CA in 1989, but mistaken for a native smoke tree sharpshooter until properly identified in 1994. Subsequent 1997 outbreak of Pierce's Disease in the Riverside vineyards of the Temecula region attributed to the glassywing sharpshooter, establishing it as a dangerous vector of the disease and an exotic pest requiring containment if not eradication.
Mode(s) of Introduction: Accidental introduction of glassy-wing sharpshooter egg masses on nursery stock transported from the southeast.
Reason(s) Why it has Become Established: The glassy-winged sharpshooter (GWSS) outcompetes the native sharpshooters (blue-green, smoke tree, and others). A voracious, generalist feeder, GWSS is known to subsist on over 70 species within 35 different plant families and is thought capable of further expanding its range of host plants and adapting to new habitats. It is active throughout the year, living in treetops where it consumes 10 times its weight in liquid an hour, feeding with a strawlike mouthpart it inserts into the xylem of its host plant.
At the first sign of cold weather, the GWSS "drops like a bomb" to overwinter in the leaf litter, where it can survive temperatures as low as 20º F. It produces high numbers with two generations born a year. It begins egg laying in late Feb. and continues through May. The first generation matures May through Aug. and begins the second egg laying from June through Sept. This generation will produce the next year's offspring. The GWSS can fly much further than any other sharp shooters, 3 to 16 feet compared to 3 feet for the smaller blue-green sharpshooter. There are native predators of sharpshooters, Gonatocerus ashmeadi and Pseneo kohlii, but they have little impact overall on the highly mobile, adaptable, and prolific GWSS.
Ecological Role: Herbivores play an important role in the food chain, providing food to pollinator species with their eggs and larva and breeding material as adults. The glassy-winged sharpshooter eggs are eaten by the Gonatocerus ashmeadi larva. The Pseneo kohlii uses the adult glassy-winged sharpshooters as a barrow for its larva. But mostly they function as pests in their new environment, a vector for diseases, especially the incurable Pierce's Disease, which rapidly kills their plant hosts.
Benefit(s): Perhaps there is some organism that benefits from the glassy-winged sharpshooter's excreta, which is copious and full of salts from the minerals and amino acids filtered out of the fluid consumed from plant xylem, but this has not been documented. Their removal from their new habitats would not leave a niche unfilled or upset the balance of the food chain.
Threat(s): As a vector of Pierce's Disease (PD), which decimates wine, table grape, and raisin crops, the glassy-winged sharpshooter poses a significant economic threat to the billion dollar viticulture industry of central CA. PD is an incurable disease, choking off a plant's ability to pump water and nutrients from the soil through its tissue (xylem) to its leaves. Diseased vines become nonproductive and usually die within 1-2 years. Although the bacteria that causes Pierce's Disease (Xylella fastidiosa) has been in CA for at least 100 years, the GWSS is a much more effective transmitter of the bacteria than the native sharpshooters. This is due to the GWSS's generalist feeding and breeding habits, greater mobility, and larger mouthparts. The latter enables it to feed on older wood and inject bacteria more deeply into the xylem.
Other sharpshooter species feed more on the edges of vines rather than the base stems, meaning infections are often cut away when the plant is pruned for the winter. But because of the GWSS feeding habits, infections are more often undetected until the next growing season, increasing the incidence of vine-to-vine transmission of the disease. Once it has picked up the bacteria, the GWSS carries it for life. With a much greater mobility than native sharpshooters (GWSSs can fly between 3 to 16 feet at a time, up to .25 miles a day), the GWSS has a much increased range as a vector.
Combined with its generalist feeding habits, there is concern that the GWSS will vector strains of X. fastidiosa that will induce disease in other valuable crops. The GWSS is a known vector of additional diseases, such as almond leaf scorch, phoney peach disease, alfalfa dwarf, oleander leaf scorch, and citrus variegated chlorosis. And because GWSS reproduces twice a year, it has substantially increased the population of insect vectors transmitting X. fastidiosa to vulnerable crops.
Control Level Diagnosis: High Priority. The exponential spread of Pierce's Disease since 1997 indicates the glassy-winged sharpshooter is a serious threat, having upset the tight control over spread of the disease by other native vectors and already caused $12-14 million of damage in grapevines in Temecula and threatens the billion dollar wine, raisin, and table grape region in central CA. Numerous additional crops are vulnerable as well. There is historical precedence that PD can wipe out entire agricultural industries, it decimated the CA grape industry in the 40s. Acres of cropland remain unplantable today due to presence of the bacteria.
Control Method: The California Dept. of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) worked in conjunction with the USDA, the County Agricultural Commissioners, the University of CA, and the agricultural industry to formulate the following guidelines for eradicating the Glassy-winged Sharpshooter:1. Inspect nursery stock moving from infested counties and from other states to slow the spread of the pestCDFA is also supporting greater research efforts to learn more about both the GWSS and Pierce's Disease. Most recently and successfully, the University of CA Riverside discovered a predatory wasp, Gonatocerus triguttatus, that is a natural enemy of the GWSS in Mexico and Texas. It parasitizes GWSS eggs, laying its eggs inside of them. When the wasps hatch, they eat their way out. This new exotic is being released in limited numbers in Riverside Co. to combat the GWSS. Additional releases are planned. Although pesticides continue to be the more common weapon against the GWSS, the exotic wasp shows promise for urban areas, organic vineyards, and wildlands, where pesticide use is not feasible.
2. Conduct a statewide survey to determine the distribution of the GWSS
3. Establish multicounty pest management areas to begin treatment in infested areas or to develop contingency plans to prepare for infestation
4. Conduct an aggressive public outreach to educate growers and others about the seriousness of the problem.
Other scientists are investigating how to prevent PD, such as by boosting grapevines' levels of essential plant micronutrients or finding the genetic sources of resistance to PD in muscadine grape varieties. However, grape breeding is a slow process and it is estimated that, once found, it will take at least 10 years to successfully transfer this gene or genes of resistance into wine-producing varieties. | <urn:uuid:f8fb8235-9771-4671-8e80-1d5a7079030c> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.columbia.edu/itc/cerc/danoff-burg/invasion_bio/inv_spp_summ/Homalodisca_coagulata.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988717963.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183837-00373-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945561 | 1,738 | 2.921875 | 3 |
In the pantheon of hip-hop, there are very few rappers—dead or alive—whose names hold as high of an esteem as the late greats Tupac Shakur and The Notorious B.I.G.
'Pac, a rapper, actor, poet, activist, and perhaps even a prophet, is arguably the most influential artist of the culture and is the most well-known MC in the known universe 22 years after his passing. Biggie, widely considered the best to ever spit by his rap peers and knowledgeable fans alike, is firmly chiselled on hip-hop's Mt. Rushmore. But as the generation gap widens, there have been more and more instances of new artists failing to put respect on these rap icons' names.
Even other rappers are noticing the trend. "Every new rapper that disrespected Biggie and Pac blew up," Maryland rapper .idk. tweeted back on March 7. "Look I love the new rap I love the old rap, please nobody disrespect Big on his death date for clout. Keep opinions to yourself at the very least for today... #RIPBIG," he added two days later, on the 21st anniversary of the death of Big.
While many are of the mindset that Tupac and Big's names should be protected at all costs, XXL has complied a list of SoundCloud era rappers who have belittled the accomplishments of—or outright dissed—the rap legends.
Chris Kidd Calls Out Tupac Shakur on "Message to Makaveli" Track (2015)
In 2015, rapper Chris Kidd seemed to take great pleasure in creating an entire diss song about 'Pac on his track, "Message to Makaveli," where he calls out the rapper as being a hypocrite. He takes it even further than that: "If y'all ever call 'Pac the realest again/I'ma bring him back to life and kill him again." Kidd later claimed to have received death threats over the song.
Lil Yachty Can't Name Five Songs by Tupac or Biggie (2016)
Back when Lil Yachty was new to the game, he admitted he couldn't name five songs by either Tupac or Biggie Smalls. "But if I'm doing this my way and making all this money," he reasoned, "why should I do it how everybody says it's supposed to be done?"
Lil Yachty Calls The Notorious B.I.G. Overrated (2016)
In 2016, Lil Yachty again drew the ire of many rap fans by calling Biggie's music overrated during a sit down with Pitchfork. He later apologized in an interview with Ebro on Beats 1.
Kodak Black Says He's Better Than 'Pac and Big (2016)
Alabama Rapper Pink Bich Disses 'Pac and Biggie (2017)
Alabama rapper Pink Bich has made a name by dissing rap legends while rapping over old-school beats and claiming the SoundCloud era's superiority. In 2017, he sent shots at Biggie and 'Pac by claiming they could never come up with a song as complex as Lil Pump's "Gucci Gang." "Lil Pump came up with a song that used two words back to back/Tupac or Biggie would have never came up with that," he rhymes.
XXXTentacion Claims He's Better Than Tupac (2018)
In January 2018, XXXTentacion got type heated when he was asked about Tupac during an interview with DJ Akademiks. "I'm better than Tupac, bro," he responded, agitated. "Please don't compare me to him... please don't."
Lil Xan Downplays Tupac's Impact on the Culture (2018)
Kodak Black Says Tupac and Biggie Are Only Revered Due to Their Deaths (2019)
After claiming to be better than Tupac Shakur and The Notorious B.I.G. in 2016, he logged onto Instagram three years later with an update:
"I'm the hardest young nigga. I'm the hardest rapper in the game, I promise. Like, when you talk 'bout me, you should put me in a category of like 'Pac, B.I.G, Nas, dem niggas, you feel me? Like really listen to my shit. I don't care about how I act, like, on the 'Gram."
He doubled down on his feeling the next day, during another Instagram Live session, insisting, once again, that he's better than the rap legends, and adding that Biggie and Tupac are only legends because they are no longer here in the physical.
"People try to say I can't put myself in a category with Tupac and them, actually I'm better than them. You know why? 'Cause I live what I rap about. Them...[they] just legends 'cause they died. I really live what I rap about."
See Photos of Biggie’s Different Looks Over the Years | <urn:uuid:42db6e0c-1300-40c9-ba9d-cf45a334b293> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.xxlmag.com/soundcloud-rappers-disrespecting-tupac-shakur-the-notorious-b-i-g/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570871.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808183040-20220808213040-00265.warc.gz | en | 0.964567 | 1,052 | 1.515625 | 2 |
Search America's historic newspaper pages from 1789-1924 or use the U.S. Newspaper Directory to find information about American newspapers published between 1690-present. Chronicling America is sponsored jointly by the
National Endowment for the Humanities and the Library of Congress. external link Learn more
Image provided by: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Library, Urbana, IL
Newspaper Page Text
A BASEBALL RECORD
- . ,Cy Morgan."
Was a time when Cy Morgan
"was a bloomer in the big leagues.
'In morning practice he looked
like a world-beater, but when
faqing dpponents he was nogooa'.
This was oefore Connie Mack
secured him from Boston, for
since he has been an Athletic,""
Morgan nas overcome his pitch
ing faults. .
An idea of the spit-bailer's abil
ity was given in the second game
this season, when he held Wash
ington to one lone hit, a scratch
by Moeller, that was notjiandled
as fast as it might have been by
the Athletic infield, or Morgan
would have had a no-hit game fo
his credit. It is believed Mor
gan's performance constitutes a
world's record. It is doubtful if
any, pitcher ever pitched a one
hit game so early in the season.
SHUSTER'S NEW JOB
Young Mr. W. Morgan Shus
ter made such a good fight for the
economic improvement of Persia,
(and got so well advertised) that
it wasMnorally certain his serv
ices would be in demand some
where. "Uncle Sam will ind use
for him," was the common re
mark in Washington, last winter.
But Big Business beat him to it.
Shuster goes to South Ameri
ca to establish a great system of
branch banks which are expected
to drain a goodly share of the
prosperity of that continent into
Wall street. '
Say what you please about
Big Business, it knows a bright
man when it sees him. Perhaps
that is one reason it's so "big."
British seaman made 1,000 let
ters he had received from his
sweetheart into a cane. We pre
dict love Jetter parasol handles
will be popular among the belles, , | <urn:uuid:03886ea1-8ff2-4f66-9d98-37f366979d9f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045487/1912-04-15/ed-1/seq-8/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00351-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.953677 | 516 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Scientists grow drought-tolerant sugarcaneMarty McCarthy, Monday September 2, 2013 - 12:21 EST
Scientists in north Queensland are a step closer to developing a type of sugarcane that needs less water to grow.
The project started in 2006 and is now being managed by Sugar Research Australia.
SRA says there's money to be saved in developing drought-tolerant cane, because dry weather costs the Australian sugar industry $260 million annually.
Principal scientist Prakash Lakhmanan says the project involves cross-breeding different varieties of cane.
"The result so far are encouraging," he said.
"We're identifying the characteristic that transfer drought-tolerance in sugarcane," he said.
"We have generated a lot of data showing that some of the sugarcane lines have the desired attributes that could be used to develop sugarcane for water-limited production conditions."
Despite Australia's cane growing regions being in high rainfall areas, Dr Lakhmanan says there's still a need for cane that relies on less water.
"If you look at historical data, recurring water deficiency is a common issue every 30 years or even every alternate year," he said.
"You get significant water deficit in substantial areas of Australia's sugar production.
"It is a significant issue economically."
Dr Lakhmanan says he's learning from similar research done into other crops, such as grain. However, despite the advances, there's still a way to go before a product can be developed and sold commercially.
"We need to evaluate [drought tolerant traits] in several different production scenarios," Dr Lakhmanan said.
"Once we get a good feel for that, and that traits we're targeting are the right ones, we can pass it on to breeders."
© ABC 2013
More breaking news
Severe weather predicted for Tasmania's north and east on Friday has prompted a public warning from emergency services.
Rain and storms could bring flooding to parts of southern and southeast Australia during the next 24 hours.
People in Darwin and other parts of the Top End may be about to get relief from recent hot weather, with the Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) predicting a monsoon trough will start to affect the area within days. | <urn:uuid:f75183d9-73bb-41b3-ad7c-cd2608529ba9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.weatherzone.com.au/news/scientists-grow-drought-tolerant-sugarcane/25317 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00410-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94958 | 472 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Everyone’s heard stories of people getting priced out of Santa Cruz. County Supervisor Zach Friend recently warned that if the current trajectory of increasing housing costs continues, the community could turn into an exclusive “Carmel-ized” version of its former self.
The board of supervisors adopted a state-required Housing Element to its General Plan this month by a unanimous vote, following more than a year of community workshops, public hearings, several revisions, and overall support from many local groups, like Affordable Housing Now!
The Housing Element calls for 1,314 new housing units, almost 40 percent of which are planned to be affordable for low-income households, in the unincorporated areas of Santa Cruz County by 2023. That’s almost 200 housing units a year, for seven years. Friend says where and in what form this housing gets built will be an “ongoing exercise in accommodating change” and garnering community support, as well.
Friend knows something about the need for community support. The supervisor has endured several months of public criticism—culminating in the threat of a recall from a handful of activists—for his support of the large, mixed-use Aptos Village project in his district, in which 10 of the 69 new homes will be affordable. At a board of supervisors meeting last month, Friend spoke passionately about the need for “shared sacrifice” if any progress is to be made making new housing more affordable.
“If you come before the board and say you are for more affordable housing, you actually have to be willing to let things get built, even in your neighborhood. That’s the challenge—affordable housing is a collective shared sacrifice,” he said. “You can’t say you are in favor of it as long as it is somewhere else.”
That “somewhere else” is getting increasingly scarce.
The Housing Element focuses on the need to re-zone for increased density along transportation corridors such as Soquel Drive, as well as relatively dense, multifamily infill projects to meet the demand. Both the county and city of Santa Cruz are moving toward plans to re-zone along corridors to encourage sustainable growth, and transit-dependent and walkable neighborhoods with higher densities of smaller housing units. The county’s program is called Sustainable Santa Cruz County.
The Housing Element is a policy document required by the state every five to seven years demonstrating how the county will accommodate its “fair share” of projected growth. State law does not require that the housing actually get built—only that planning policies are in place to house the expected population growth for all income levels. State funding to help finance affordable housing has not been backfilled since Sacramento dissolved local redevelopment agencies as part of budget reforms in 2011. That puts increased pressure on local governments to secure grants to fund these projects.
Wouldn’t it be great if more housing meant more ‘affordable’ housing? Unfortunately, it doesn’t work that way.
All five supervisors pledged to support affordable housing across the county, although that support was not without nuance or caveats. District 4 Supervisor Greg Caput said South County has in past years shouldered an unfair burden of new affordable housing, and that the burden needs to shared more evenly. District 5 Supervisor Bruce McPherson said the San Lorenzo Valley does not have much room or infrastructure to grow. Many of the locations identified in the Housing Element for possible development are in the Live Oak area, Supervisor John Leopold’s district. Still, they stressed they want to fight this on a united front.
The constant pressure on the housing market from high-income generator Silicon Valley renders affordability a perennial problem. Add to that a growing UCSC population, and a tradition of neighborhood activism that ensures slow—if any—growth, and Santa Cruz County seems caught in the perfect storm of full-blown affordability crises.
According to the UCSC Office of Community Rentals, the average rent for a two-bedroom apartment now exceeds $2,000 per month, compared to $1,650 in 2010—a 21 percent increase.
The percentage of homes a median income household in Santa Cruz County can afford to buy dropped from a high of 54 percent of homes in 2012, when median sales prices were about $365,000, to only 22 percent in January 2015, when median sales prices were topping $625,000. By June 2015, the median sales price jumped to $725,000. When median incomes are compared to the price of housing, Santa Cruz-Watsonville often gets rated the least affordable small metro area in the entire nation by the National Association of Home Builders.
People agree there’s a problem, but not everyone agrees on how to fix it.
One of the guiding arguments from “slow-growthers,” as they’re sometimes called, has been that Santa Cruz cannot build its way out of its affordability problem because increasing housing supply enough to make a dent in housing prices would require a level of sprawl and density that is simply unacceptable to the community.
Gary Patton, former Santa Cruz County Supervisor from the 1970s, was one of the key architects of “Measure J,” which established the urban limit lines protecting the coast, open space and agricultural areas around the county, as well as several key slow-growth policies. To this day, he’s skeptical that increased densities could ever offer a solution to housing affordability.
“Wouldn’t it be great if more housing meant more ‘affordable’ housing? Unfortunately, it doesn’t work that way,” Patton writes in an email to GT. “More ‘density’ certainly means more impacts on traffic, parks, parking, water, and other city services, but more growth emphatically does not mean more ‘affordable’ housing.”
Patton says that the only way to make housing more affordable would be for the county to require each new unit be sold or rented with permanent price restrictions.
But those projects proposed with rent restrictions for low-income households usually require relatively high densities to be financially feasible, and are routinely opposed by neighborhood quality-of-life activists, like ones who have opposed Aptos Village and a host of other projects, despite the great demand.
“Between the high cost of land and community members who oppose any kind of increased density, it is nearly impossible to find a site to develop the housing that is desperately needed in our region,” says Betsy Wilson, director of Housing Development for the nonprofit MidPen Housing Corp, which developed the affordable Aptos Blue project two years ago.
Caught between limited affordable housing and competing with the high incomes from Silicon Valley, local workers are getting stretched to the breaking point, and poverty rates are rising. The conclusion of the Housing Element attempts to go to the heart of the matter: “Increasingly, the discussion is: What kind of community are we, do we want to be, and who can or should be able to live here?” | <urn:uuid:4c31fc75-5dd5-4d77-b3a2-277d979e86e3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.goodtimes.sc/new-foundation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571222.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810222056-20220811012056-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.960327 | 1,467 | 1.59375 | 2 |
The Guinness Brewery says that the perfect pour for their beer is so difficult an operation that you really can’t get a perfect Guinness from anyone other than an authorized pouring expert — and some say it decreases in quality the moment you leave the Brewery itself. However, most beers (and fans) are not so persnickety as Guinness. In most cases, the perfect pour is centered around achieving the perfect amount of foam (or “head”) at the top of the beer.
Hong Luo, physics chair at the University at Buffalo recently explained the science behind a good beer-pour, which turns out to be both simpler and more advanced than you might expect. The basic principle at work is one with which we interact every day: air pressure. The pressure exerted by the Earth’s atmosphere at sea level is stronger than many realize, pressing on humans and everything around us with an ever-present force we’ve evolved to tune out. We can’t feel the power of atmospheric pressure very directly, but we can see its effects.
When the liquid in a beer leaves the bottle or can, it will leave behind an area of low pressure — what air is in the back of the vessel will now be spread out over a larger volume. Once this low-pressure zone reaches a certain strength, there’s no stopping it: Each time liquid “glugs” out of a bottle or can, atmospheric pressure is forcing a bubble of air up into the low pressure zone to equalize them.
This chaotic glugging behavior is responsible for a good portion of the world’s bad pours. One solution is to pour more slowly, maintaining an open area at the top of the opening so air can rush in without disturbing the flow of liquid. A more convenient solution, however, is to include wide mouths on the beer vessel, or a second hold elsewhere on the can — both achieve the same thing, allowing the atmosphere to fill the back of the can.
Combine this advice with a tilted glass, so beer doesn’t pick up too much speed on its way from spout to glass. Let it hit the side of the tilted glass at a relatively low velocity, then slide down to the bottom easy as you please. Don’t forget to bring the glass vertical relatively quickly though — it wouldn’t really be a quality pour without at least a little foam, after all. | <urn:uuid:7904b01c-39be-49c0-81c0-337ff74ac89d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.geek.com/science/science-reveals-the-secret-to-the-perfect-beer-pour-1571029/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00308-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.928529 | 497 | 2.28125 | 2 |
InfiniteSkills - Learning Autodesk Revit Architecture 2014 Video Training With Brian Myers (2013)
English | 7 hours | AVC1 1280x720 15 fps | AAC 64 Kbps 44.1 KHz | 1.27 GB
A Practical Revit Training Course That Teaches Real World Skills
In this project-based Learning Autodesk Revit Architecture 2014 video tutorial series, you'll quickly have relevant skills for real-world applications.
Follow along with our expert instructor in this training course to get:
Concise, informative and broadcast-quality Learning Revit Architecture 2014 training videos delivered to your desktop
The ability to learn at your own pace with our intuitive, easy-to-use interface
A quick grasp of even the most complex Learning Revit Architecture 2014 subjects because they're broken into simple, easy to follow tutorial videos
Practical working files further enhance the learning process and provide a degree of retention that is unmatched by any other form of Learning Revit Architecture 2014 tutorial, online or offline... so you'll know the exact steps for your own projects.
Download From Rapidgator
Download From Uploaded
Download From Dizzcloud | <urn:uuid:dd5a1bad-5576-4d74-a5d1-d775a68369b3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://gfxhome.ws/282954-infiniteskills-learning-autodesk-revit-architecture-2014-video-training-with-brian-myers-2013.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00124-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.661151 | 238 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Thanks for your help to publish videos faster on ARMdevices.net!
Here are some guidelines for how to write the texts, thanks to follow as good as you can:
- Title as short as possible mentioning the crucial things about the video
- Especially the first 5-6 words are most important in the title, they show up in the YouTube search and related videos
- Not to say Charbax did or Charbax filmed, but CompanyName is doing in present tense. Not in past tense.
- Not to mention where and when the video was filmed. Some videos may be filmed months ago, best if viewer don't wonder why it took so long to publish. Though always try to select correct conference category.
- Always include CPU name like RK3288 in title but not Rockchip RK3288 (people know RK3288 is Rockchip) but you can include Rockchip RK3288 in the description
- Always write these things like that in the description:
Rockchip RK3288 Quad-core ARM Cortex-A17 with Mali-T764 GPU
- Try to choose all the correct categories including always choose Exclusive Videos
- Always try to choose correct Chip maker and correct OS and correct Tradeshow category
- Only choose other categories if those are the main topic of the video, for example a video about Smartphone choose Smartphone and don't also choose Sensor. Only choose Sensor if video is mainly talking about a Sensor.
- ARM Category only when interview with ARM company.
- If no correct category, choose Other category.
If any questions, and would be good for your learning, each post send the title/text to [email protected] and I will respond if I make any changes, from that you can learn and maybe improve for the next text. | <urn:uuid:8dcd0182-f73d-4962-9127-a57bb54059c8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://armdevices.net/posting-guidelines/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.901513 | 390 | 1.53125 | 2 |
10 Incredible Origin Stories Behind Famous Cocktails
Like any good recipe, sometimes it’s hard to pinpoint just who put it together first, and cocktails are no exception. Also, considering that bragging rights are involved, sometimes there are pretenders to the title. Here we examine 10 perennial favorites and their incredible beginnings.
One of the simplest drinks on this menu, consisting of vodka in orange juice, has a somewhat muddled history. It’s claimed that western workers in the Persian Gulf oilfields, who spiked their juice in secret and stirred it with their screwdrivers, first made this in the early 1950s. Others claim it goes back further, to the 1920s and Prohibition, and “screwdriver” was a code word to mislead federal agents.
Technically not a mixed drink but rather a deconstructed one, brandy is actually wine that has been reduced down to a concentrate. While it goes back to the 13th century, and considered medicinal, it was first mass-produced during the 1500s, so that wine could be condensed for transportation by ship (space was at a premium). But people liked the “burnt wine” (brandewijn in Dutch) better without adding all that water back in so it became a drink in its own right. Also known as cognac, but only when made in the Cognac region of France.
Whether by accident or design, this is still one of the most popular drinks today, so there are many claims to its recipe. Legend says it was made when a bartender used tequila instead of brandy while making another drink entirely, but the mistake was delicious. The original drink was called a Daisy, so they called the mistake a Margarita (Spanish for daisy). A woman named Margaret tried to claim it as hers in 1948, but the first recipe had been published back in 1930, and it was popular enough that Jose Cuervo featured the drink in its ads in 1945, so that claim is pretty much discredited.
Here’s a drink that’s had a resurgence in recent years. Rum and mint and sugar and lime juice, how can you go wrong? Even Hemingway loved this drink. But it didn’t start out delicious, that’s for sure. All the other ingredients were added to make bad rum (a bitter, cheap type called aguardiente) taste good. It’s thought “mojito” is the diminutive for “mojo”, which is a Cuban spice blend that is heavy on the lime (but also garlic, which they thankfully left out of the drink).
This drink is so famous that tall drinking tumbler glasses are named after it. But it started as a 19th century prank, whereby someone would tell you that this guy named Tom Collins was running around spreading rumors about you and he could be found at a certain bar… and when you went to the bar and asked for Tom Collins, they would hand you the drink instead. Whether this was the first viral marketing scheme or what passed for humor back then, that’s up to debate, but this was years before you could ask someone if their refrigerator was running so, I guess they made do with what they had.
It’s funny that this drink is not one of the older ones on the list, but this one only dates back to the 1880s. Again, people added things to bad liquor to make it palatable. In this case, bitters and sugar were added to bourbon whiskey. This blend was called a whiskey cocktail. Later, as more recipes became standard, it was necessary to call this one the “old fashioned” whiskey cocktail to distinguish it from the later ones… and finally they just called it the “old fashioned.” It is still one of the most popular bar drinks and an industry standard, so if your bartender does not know how to make one, find a new bar.
Long Island Iced Tea
The youngest cocktail on the list only dates back to 1972, and is claimed by a bartender named Robert Butt (no, really) as his entry in a cocktail-making contest. It became extremely popular among women who wanted to go out drinking without getting disapproving looks from people who should be minding their own business. What looks like a glass of iced tea is actually a delicious but dangerous concoction consisting of gin, rum, vodka, tequila, and triple sec, with just a splash of cola for color. You’ll never forget your first one but you’ll forget all the ones after it because that’s over 20% alcohol content in a single drink.
Gin and Tonic
Another simple recipe with a medicinal past, but not the way you’d think. In this case, it was the tonic water and not the gin that was the medicine. During the colonial days of 19th century Britain, anyone posted to a tropical station was at risk of catching malaria. The only treatment for that was quinine, a bitter, nasty drug administered in liquid form (hence “tonic”) but many thought the cure worse than the disease (and malaria is a horrible disease so that’s saying something). Until some enterprising soul added gin (made from juniper berries) to the tonic, and the rest is literally history.
The origin is disputed; two legendary characters each claim to have invented it. First, Vic Bergeron, owner of iconic restaurant Trader Vic’s, claimed that in 1944 he made the drink, a blend of rum, triple sec and limejuice, for some friends visiting from Tahiti; “maitai” basically means “it’s good.” Second, Donn Beach (who basically invented the tiki bar) claimed to have created it in 1933. Since Vic’s restaurant is in Northern California and Donn’s is in Southern California, you can imagine that this argument has some rivalry behind it. Nevertheless, it really took off in the 1950s when it was featured in Elvis Presley’s movie “Blue Hawaii.”
Of course this drink is on the list. It’s iconic, classic, and its origin is the stuff of legends. A mix of whiskey, vermouth, and bitters, it was created in 1874 in honor of New York Governor-elect Samuel Tilden. Allegedly, the party was hosted by socialite Lady Randolph Churchill — who was pregnant at the time. You might have heard of the boy; his name was Winston Churchill. Of course, the fact she was in Europe at the time, in labor, and not in New York does nothing to dampen the mythical status of this drink. Likely it was created for Governor Tilden, who then unsuccessfully ran for president, at the party; it’s just that the party was not Churchill’s. But considering everything Churchill actually did, it sure could have been. | <urn:uuid:00be1275-5476-4f99-87be-77c9e2f710c1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://life360.tips/food/10-incredible-origin-stories-behind-famous-cocktails-5573 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.976871 | 1,475 | 1.976563 | 2 |
The Unity of Oneness and Plurality in Plato's Theaetetus is a commentary on a single Platonic dialogue that offers readers an example of what it means to meaningfully engage with a dialogue on its own terms. In the process of engaging with the Theaetetus, the book offers an account of a general Platonic epistemology and ontology.
To view this DRM protected ebook on your desktop or laptop you will need to have Adobe Digital Editions installed. It is a free software. We also strongly recommend that you sign up for an AdobeID at the Adobe website. For more details please see FAQ 1&2. To view this ebook on an iPhone, iPad or Android mobile device you will need the Adobe Digital Editions app, or BlueFire Reader or Txtr app. These are free, too. For more details see this article.
|Size: ||1.4 MB|
|Publisher: ||Lexington Books|
|Date published: || 2015|
|ISBN: ||2370007480241 (DRM-EPUB)|
|Read Aloud: ||not allowed| | <urn:uuid:24ee0909-b8d8-4048-acf6-af3926809374> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.lybrary.com/the-unity-of-oneness-and-plurality-in-platos-theaetetus-p-760786.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00315-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.85192 | 233 | 2.484375 | 2 |
Larry Lessig is a 41-year-old Stanford University law professor who still looks like a graduate student, someone who has spent years in library stacks researching arcane subjects, miles from the real world. He's very pale and very quiet, as if he doesn't want to bother the fellow in the next cubicle. His hair sometimes sticks straight up, but he doesn't notice. Lessig has a student's idealism, too; he wants to change the way the world does business.
The entertainment industry, Lessig feels, is locking up old movies, books and songs that long ago should have transcended private ownership and become the property of the people, just as Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and the other framers of the Constitution intended. At stake, he says, is not only our common cultural heritage, but also the freedom that writers and musicians and filmmakers must have to interpret, reinterpret, adapt, borrow, sample, mock, imitate, parody, criticize--the very lifeblood of the creative process.
But Lessig doesn't merely want to free the past. He wants to free the future as well. That's something else that the entertainment companies want to lock up. The laws they are proposing and the technologies they are developing, he says, will make creativity on the Internet a wholly owned subsidiary of the Recording Industry Assn. of America and the Motion Picture Assn. of America.
His immediate target is a 1998 law that extended copyright protection an additional 20 years. It was a measure so obscure that the Senate passed it unanimously, with no debate and little public discussion. But it so outraged Lessig that he mounted what has become the first constitutional challenge of copyright limits to ever reach the Supreme Court. On Oct. 9, the former Supreme Court law clerk will try to persuade the justices to end private ownership of hundreds of thousands of artistic works, including some of America's most cherished. If he gets the court to agree, both the past and the future will change.
''The world won't end,'' he says. ''Hollywood will just have to find a different way to make money.''
During the past three years, as his copyright lawsuit has wended its way through the courts, Lessig has been talking it up in forums around the country and Europe. Walt Disney, he is always careful to say, is his hero.
Disney, one of the most popular artists of the 20th century, knew what a bountiful resource the past could be. He refashioned the Brothers Grimm's dark fairy tale "Snow White" into an upbeat charmer. He took Perrault's "Cinderella" and made it an enduring fable of pluckiness. "Alice in Wonderland," "The Jungle Book," "Pinocchio," "The Three Little Pigs," "Treasure Island" were all adapted from classics and became classics themselves.
What outrages Lessig is that Disney and other entertainment companies don't want this process repeated with their own works. They want very much to continue earning money by keeping their copyrights forever. Toward that end, Congress has extended copyright 11 times in the past 40 years, effectively locking away everything that Disney and every other entertainment company have ever produced.
If copyright laws lock up the past, they also are a very potent instrument for controlling the Internet. To a group of computer programmers in Monterey, Lessig recounts an anecdote about Sony's robot dog, Aibo. An Aibo fan wrote a software program to make the dog dance to jazz. When the fan posted the code on the Internet so that other Aibo enthusiasts could teach their own dogs to dance, Sony lawyers contacted him and told him he had violated the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. Even though you've spent $1,500 for an Aibo, Sony still has control over how you play with it.
''Ours is less and less a free society,'' Lessig says. ''The law is trying to make creativity a regulated industry.''
Lessig was a professional singer as a child, which gives him a natural ease on stage. His audiences often applaud mightily. But no one writes to Congress protesting how copyright is being abused on the Net. No one holds demonstrations. ''We have this culture of passivity,'' he says. ''Most people like being spoon-fed culture. Look at the reaction to shutting Napster down. There was none. It's like we're the Soviet Union after communism. We've had 80 years of massive broadcast culture. It's the only way we know to experience the world.''
His lawsuit, officially titled Eldred v. Ashcroft, is a way of forcing the issue. It's a measure of the strength and importance of Lessig's case that he will be opposed in court by Theodore B. Olson, the U.S. Solicitor General himself, and not some government underling. Olson won all eight cases he argued before the Supreme Court last term. | <urn:uuid:a85b72f9-15dc-443e-abea-f35a3343518d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://articles.latimes.com/2002/sep/22/magazine/tm-copyright38 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280825.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00201-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975058 | 1,006 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Contact us for:
*Total Financial Planning
First things first. Insurance is NOT Investment and vice versa.
Human tendency to combine both doesn’t work well. Products like ULIP, which combine both the elements also haven’t worked well.
Most people want to “get back something†from a life insurance plan. However, they don’t think the same way when they are buying insurance for their car, house or other assets. If you’re willing to spend and buy pure risk cover for your property, why not for yourself?
Financial planners have been crying themselves hoarse about the wisdom of buying a pure term insurance plan and using the remaining amount for investment. The dual advantage of cheap risk cover and earning much more on your investments can’t be ignored at all.
Let me list the 3 major pitfalls of investing in a insurance plan.
1. Abysmal Returns:
Insurance companies and agents never speak in plain terms about return on investment. The reason is that the returns are abysmal.
They keep harping on tax benefits and the absolute amount that you’d receive after 25 years (or whatever the term is) and the assured returns, annuity, etc. But what they conveniently conceal is that insurance companies have traditionally delivered only 4-5% returns to their customers.
Can you imagine what 1% extra return over a period of 25 years can cost you?
If you invest Rs 50000 every year, at 5% returns, you will get Rs 23,86,355/- after 25 years
And with the same amount, at 6% returns, you will get 27,43,225/- after 25 years
1% difference in returns results in an absolute change of Rs 3,56,870/- over 25 years.
Can you imagine what would happen if you purchase a cheap term plan and invest the remaining amount in an Equity fund SIP which gives an average return of 12% p.a. over the next 25 years as against 5% from a traditional insurance plan?
Let’s assume you purchase a term plan with sum assured of Rs 1 crore. Assuming you are a non-smoker around 30 years of age, your premium should be approximately Rs 10000/- p.a.
Continuing the above example, you invest Rs 40000/- (Rs 50000 – Rs 10000 for term plan) every year in a equity mutual fund giving an average of 12% returns per annum.
You will get 53,33,355/- after 25 years. From this, you may deduct Rs 250000/- (10000 x 25 years) which is the total premium paid.
Even then, you are gaining 50,83,355/- at the end of 25 years. All this, while you enjoy a much higher risk cover.
2. Inadequate Risk Cover:
The second pitfall is that because we have the tendency of “wanting something back†the risk cover is grossly inadequate.
Families with loans or other liabilities will find this to be a glaring difference in case the breadwinner suddenly passes away. The surviving family will be left saddled with debt while the insurance cover would be insufficient to cover their liabilities.
And so, it becomes all the more important to have sufficient insurance to cover all your liabilities and your family’s future plans to financially compensate for the breadwinner’s absence. This is only possible when you have a cheap insurance plan where the premium is less and sum assured is high enough. Term insurance plan wins hands down.
3. Reduced Income for Investment:
Since you would be spending a high amount for premium in a traditional insurance plan, there is very less money left for any further investment. As discussed earlier this is a double whammy. One one hand, you are not having sufficient risk cover and on the other hand you are losing potential returns.
Avoid the pitfalls. Be wise..
My favorite books: (referral links)
1. Trading for a Living (Dr Alexander Elder)-https://amzn.to/32gPwlc
2. Let’s Talk Money (Monika Halan) – https://amzn.to/2S6J8IB
3. Rich Dad Poor Dad (Robert Kiyosaki) – https://amzn.to/2Y0pCmg
4. The automatic millionaire (David Bach) – https://amzn.to/2G7JjhV
5. The 5 am club (Robin Sharma) – https://amzn.to/2xSnTkF
My favorite tools: (referral links)
1. Sony IC recorder – https://amzn.to/2G7udZX
2. Wacom Tablet – https://amzn.to/2S7Fkqn
Recommended Discount Broker: Zerodha | <urn:uuid:02692f0a-f298-438e-876d-1c6e15e87481> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://dana-dana.mine.nu:8888/mbc1/2019/07/18/the-3-major-pitfalls-of-investing-in-insurance-plans/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00270.warc.gz | en | 0.90163 | 1,131 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Bypass navigation bar
Outreach SpecialistLaunch Ability
“I didn’t speak English when my family came to the U.S. from Peru — I had the basic grammar but it was very difficult to understand it. My whole family and I went to ESL classes. My sister and I had gone to school in Lima, and my parents always wanted us to have careers. They were a little in shock when I got married and had my first baby at 20, but it was good to stay home with my girls when they were young, and I always knew I’d go back to school when they were a little older.
“I got to the point where I wondered, what am I going to do next? I wanted to find a job where I could take the girls with me to work, and I found a job at the Peanut Gallery at The Galleria, where I worked for a year and a half. Next, I worked as a nanny, and did that for several years. I realized that I was ready to go to school and study, so in 2006 I started the Child Development program at Brookhaven College.
“My professors have always really supported me. In fact, Bernadette Rodriguez helped me get my current job at Early Childhood Intervention (ECI); they were looking for a bilingual person to work with children and families. I do public outreach at five WIC clinics and at one pediatric office; I talk to families about my program and answer their questions; meanwhile I keep receiving training and gaining more knowledge from workshops, seminars and conferences.
“I want to learn as much as I can about child development so that I can help parents understand their children better. Parent education is my ultimate goal, and I especially have an interest in working with Hispanic parents to help them understand the education system here and assimilate better into this culture. I want to help parents become empowered with the tools they need to help their children reach their full potential so they can work along with their teachers in behalf of their education. My next goal is to get my associate degree and then to see about getting a bachelor’s degree in arts and sciences.
“At Brookhaven, the Child Development professors are so passionate about what they do; they really pay attention to each individual and are very supportive. They not only want us to learn but also to understand what we’re learning — and they care so much! Every step I’ve taken in my education takes lots of effort because I wasn’t born in the U.S.; sometimes it takes me twice as long to complete homework as people who speak English as their first language.
“Many doors opened for me when I started studying at Brookhaven — it’s important to know that if you give your best, many more doors will open for you in the future.”
Carol Egusquiza is completing an associate degree in Child Development at Brookhaven College and plans to eventually earn a bachelor’s degree. | <urn:uuid:519d22db-7e00-486a-bad4-ba74e63fff72> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.dcccd.edu/CD/DCC/Educ/ChildDev/students/Pages/GEgusquiza.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00557-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.988793 | 620 | 1.601563 | 2 |
The wireless communication and mobile payment technology called near field communication (NFC) technology has been on the verge of changing the lives of cellphone-toting people for, oh, about the past decade or so. But with many small deployments and the entrance of some key players into the growing "digital wallet" market, NFC is finally gaining a foothold.
Today, only a few NFC-capable phones are available in the United States (though it getting good traction Blue Bite, a company that develops advertising campaigns and posters that incorporate NFC and enable a user to quickly download information to their phones by holding their phones up to the posters.). When Apple did not, despite widespread speculation, include NFC in the iPhone 5, it seemed like the technology's death knell. Not so, says Mikhail Damiani, CEO of
"Because Apple did not use NFC in the iPhone 5, phone makers such as Samsung, Nokia, Motorola and others are all doing a harder push for NFC," he says. Indeed, a raft of new NFC phones that run on the Android and Microsoft operating systems are hitting the U.S. market. "People think that the iPhone has the most market share, but it doesn't. What it has is mindshare."
Now, it's up to Apple's competitors to entice that mindshare away from Apple, and they're hoping NFC will help them do that.
A long road
NFC -- developed through a collaboration between Phillips and Sony -- is based on a small radio frequency identification (RFID) chipset that can be embedded inside a phone (or any consumer electronic device). Unlike a fully passive RFID tag that might be embedded in a product package, NFC technology in a phone supports two-way communication, either collecting or transmitting data.
The U.S. rollout of NFC-based payment applications has been slow, due largely to a long stalemate between banks, payments processors, credit card companies, telecoms, retailers and phone makers over just who would pay for and benefit from enabling fast, convenient payments via NFC.
But those grey areas are coming into focus. In 2011, Google released its Google Wallet payment platform, for which it partnered with all of the major credit cards -- though a limited number of handset manufacturers. Just this week, another NFC-based payment system launched. Called Isis, it is a collaboration between Verizon, AT&T and T-Mobile and it's being rolled out through two pilot programs -- one in Austin, Texas, and one in Salt Lake City, Utah. McDonald's and 7-Eleven are among the nationwide retailers that will be accepting Isis payments, but there are also a number of businesses local to the pilot cities that are supporting the program. Consumers interested in participating must link their Isis accounts to an American Express, Capital One or Chase credit card. There are currently nine "Isis-ready" phones available through the Verizon, AT&T and T-Mobile (the phones must be NFC-based but also outfitted with an Isis SIM card) and 20 are expected by year's end.
Because NFC is compatible with the widely-distributed RFID-powered MasterCard PayPass credit cards, there is already a large network of payment terminals where consumers can use their Google Wallet phones.
Outside the wallet
Aside from payments, NFC enables a range of phone-based functions, from simply directing a device to launch a website, to more handy and novel applications, such as unlocking hotel room doors or automatic peer-to-peer information exchange between two devices. You've likely seen the latter in recent commercials for the Samsung Galaxy S III phone, which show friends sending each other playlists or photos by holding their phones together.
Moo.com, an online printing business, recently began offering business cards with embedded NFC chips. Hold the card up to an NFC-enabled phone and the cardholder's contact information automatically downloads to the phone. The cardholder may also choose to link the NFC chip with a music playlist, or video, or her entire portfolio, for example. It's definitely a snazzy way to grab the attention of, say, a prospective employer. (Assuming, of course, that employer is toting an NFC phone.)
Peapod, a web-based grocery shopping service, recently launched a virtual shopping campaign that consists of posters of select products and printed barcodes that are installed in mass transit stations in seven U.S. cities. By scanning the barcodes on the poster, users launch Peapod's mobile shopping application on their phones and add the items they scan to their virtual shopping basket.
Peapod spokesperson Elana Margolis said Peapod dismissed NFC right away simply because of the low numbers of NFC phones on the market.
That may be true, but scanning a barcode does have its kinks. Dirt or poor light can make the scanning process difficult. "There are a lot of variables to scanning a code," says Damiani. "With NFC, it pretty much either works or it doesn't. So from a consumer experience, it's much easier, a lot more fluid that scanning codes. That is the biggest difference."
Will Apple come around and decide it wants to offer that difference to its customers? There's no way to say if or when Apple will embrace NFC, but, notes Damiani, "We have seen Apple file patents around NFC so they are definitely thinking about it and experimenting with it."
Images: Jason Tester (top); Mary Catherine O'Connor
This post was originally published on Smartplanet.com | <urn:uuid:7604db2e-46df-47d3-a54d-4a52a997fc3b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.zdnet.com/article/near-field-communication-slips-slowly-into-the-mainstream/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00191-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955278 | 1,128 | 1.921875 | 2 |
The horrific wildfires sweeping across Australia have captured the world's attention with heartbreaking images of charred kangaroos and burnt koala bears. An area the size of Switzerland has been razed to the ground, whilst a staggering one billion animals have perished.
Burning with an intensity likened to “an atomic bomb”, the inferno is so fierce it has created giant columns of smoke which climb up to 14 kilometres into the sky. And, to make matters worse, these towers of smoke have created their own weather systems, triggering lighting strikes which in turn ignite more fires.
And, whilst this may sound like some apocalyptic nightmare straight out of Dante’s 6th realm of hell, this is what a rapidly warming world looks like. And, whilst climate change is not responsible for creating any one event, it certainly exacerbates it. Before the fires started, Australia was in the grip of its hottest and driest year on record, turning its bushland into a tinderbox, and setting the stage for this disaster.
Clearly, he climate change emergency is no longer some distant existential threat: it’s happening right here, right now. And, we must all play our part to protect this beautiful planet that provides us home.
That’s why at Mika & Milo, we are committed to offsetting our carbon emissions this year by working with One Tree Planted to plant lots and lots of trees.
Our tall wooded friends are not only beautiful, but they are brilliant natural carbon absorbers. That's why we all need to protect vast forested areas such as the Amazon. After all, there is no planet B and our Little One's are depending on it.
Let's all play our part to make 2020 the decade when the world reins in catastrophic climate change. Fore more information on the climate crisis, please read here and here. Please find our One Tree Planted Certificate below: | <urn:uuid:8c3beeee-2f97-4ec2-ac09-97c57d014fe1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mika-milo.com/ja/blogs/news/climate-change-carbon-offsetting | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00676.warc.gz | en | 0.943273 | 391 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Repaying $1 billion in UN Debt in 1999
Prior to 1999, the United States had amassed a staggering level of debt—nearly $1 billion—to the United Nations. As these debts grew, the U.S. became in danger of losing its vote in the UN General Assembly. However dissatisfied with the UN, the U.S. knew it would have been devastating to lose the American voice within the United Nations.
The Better World Campaign (BWC) was founded because of Ted Turner’s frustration with the U.S. government’s decision to withhold funding for the UN, and thus began BWC’s mission to get the debt paid off and return the U.S. to good financial standing at the UN. The campaign was a major public relations effort that included advocating directly with Washington and New York, organizing more than 500 events around the country, and launching a communications and advertising effort called “Great Nations Pay Their Bills.”
Thanks in part to the tireless work and attention generated by the United Nations Foundation and BWC, a compromise was reached between the U.S. and the UN, which included the U.S. paying back its debt and the UN promising key reforms. The unlikely Congressional duo of Democratic Senator Joe Biden of Delaware and Republican Senator Jesse Helms of North Carolina teamed up to create a law that required the United States to pay back its dues to the UN and other international organizations, but also required that the UN meet certain benchmarks.
In exchange for U.S. payment of these debts, the United Nations lowered the maximum rate any nation can be charged for regular UN dues from 25 percent, where it had been before, to 22 percent where it stands now. It also included a change in the maximum rate for peacekeeping operations, from 31 percent to 25 percent.
We are proud to have been a strong voice in favor of this policy and legislation that allowed for the payment of almost $1 billion owed to the United Nations by the United States. | <urn:uuid:1ee432a6-1045-45de-9d9c-6c23a44a1306> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.unfoundation.org/who-we-are/impact/our-impact/a-stronger-united-nations/repaying-1-billion-in-un-debt.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00041-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967622 | 411 | 2.75 | 3 |
You are seeing this message because you are using an out-of-date browser.
Please click here for more information.
Although we live in a very small piece of the Universe, it's still where we call home and it's a very interesting place. The nine planets that make up our solar system range from very tiny rocky planets to huge gas giants featuring fascinating ring systems. Enjoy your exploration of our neighbors. Start your journey by clicking on any of the planet pictures or the planet name.
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun. Its surface has many thousands of impact craters as a result of being bombarded by objects since the solar system's early days. Since Mercury has no protective atmosphere, the temperature on the surface ranges from extremely hot on the side facing the Sun to extremely cold on the side that faces away from the Sun.
Venus is named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty. This is one of those cases where beauty is only skin deep, though, as the surface of Venus is a very unpleasant place featuring very high temperatures, winds that blow hundreds of miles per hour and an atmosphere of sulfuric acid. Venus is an example of runaway greenhouse effect on a planetary scale.
They always say there's no place like home. Our home planet is a very beautiful place with the most varied surface in the entire solar system. From a distance, our planet looks like a beautiful big blue marble.
The Red Planet is named after the Roman god of war. It's distinctive rust color is easily seen through a small telescope. The surface of Mars features many mountains, canyons and even polar ice caps that look a lot like those here on Earth. In ancient times, Mars may have harbored some kind of life, and there is a lot of research going on now trying to get a definitive answer as to whether we are the only life forms in the solar system.
Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system. It has at least sixty-one moons and features the Great Red Spot, which is a huge "storm" that has been observed from here on Earth for over three hundred years.
Saturn is one of the most beautiful planets in the solar system. It's fascinating system of rings have been a source of wonder since we first saw them with the earliest telescopes. Although the rings look fairly simple through a small telescope, spacecraft pictures have revealed that what looks like two rings through a telescope is actually hundreds of individual ring systems. In addition, Saturn has so many moons that it is like a miniature solar system.
Uranus is one of the giant gas planets in the solar system. It's mysterious blue-green color provides very few clues as to what is going on underneath the surface clouds. Uranus also has a very faint ring system that we didn't know existed until the planet was visited by the Voyager spacecraft.
Neptune was the last stop the Voyager mission made before if left our solar system. What we found out from Voyager was that Neptune has winds that blow hundreds of miles per hour and a moon that features "geysers" of nitrogen that erupt and leave dark marks on the surface.
Pluto is no longer considered a planet, but we've left this information here for reference. When it was still considered a planet, it was the smallest and most mysterious planet in our solar system. Pluto is so far away that the Sun is just a dim point of light that looks a lot like any other star. Pluto has one moon, Charon, that is almost as big as the Pluto itself.
How Big is the Solar System?
Although our planetary neighborhood is a very small part of the Universe, it is still a very large place to humans. This page will give you an idea of just how big the neighborhood is on a human scale. | <urn:uuid:e027466b-7c27-4920-abfa-d871e15f4575> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.dustbunny.com/afk/planets/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00271-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960647 | 775 | 3.390625 | 3 |
POSCO may be based in South Korea, but its businesses reach out all over the world. Already in 2016, we’ve enjoyed major news stories in the United States, Panama, Argentina, Switzerland and, of course, Korea. Let’s take a look back at five of the biggest POSCO stories from the first quarter of 2016.
POSCO became the first-ever steelmaker to attend the North American International Auto Show. From January 11 to 24, POSCO revealed many of its automotive-related steel products, such as twinning-induced plasticity steel, hot press forming steel, 1GPa-TRIP and PosM-XP. POSCO already supplies automotive steel sheets to many of the world’s leading automotive and component manufacturers, and has been named “This Year’s Supplier” from leading companies like Toyota and GM.
The 2016 Global 100 Most Sustainable Corporations report by World Index ranked POSCO 40th, making it the only steel company in the world to make the list. Announced at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, the list examines 12 key performance indicators to come up with the ranking, rating companies for R&D innovation, energy efficiency, governance and more. Coming in at 40th, POSCO was the second-highest ranked Korean company, beating many of the world’s biggest businesses, like GE and Apple, despite the market difficulties faced last year.
POSCO President Ohjoon Kwon led a groundbreaking ceremony in Salta, Argentina on February 14 for a commercial lithium processing plant. The lithium processing plant will be located at Pozuelos Salt Lake, 4,000 meters above sea level, with the capacity to produce 2,500 tons of high-purity lithium annually. Lithium, which is a key element in many important technologies, such as electric car batteries, was identified by POSCO in 2010 as a main business in developing production technologies. With world lithium market has increased from 70,000 tons in 2002 to 170,000 tons in 2014 and with the growing popularity of electric cars is expected to reach 270,000 tons by 2020.
Beginning in February, POSCO began supplying all the stainless steel for membrane-type Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) carriers being produced by Korean Gas Corporation. Membrane-type carriers refers to ships that use a single, non-cylindrical tank to hold their LNG cargo, making them more efficient and economical. Korea Gas Corporation developed its own membrane design technology in 2014, so POSCO does not have to pay any royalties abroad for the important new design.
POSCO E&C signed a major deal with AES Corporation, a U.S.-based power company, to construct a combined cycle power plant and gas terminal in Colon, Panama. The plant will have a power generation capacity of 380MW, the largest in Panama and enough to supply up to 15 million households. The gas terminal will have a storage capacity of 180,000 m3. With the $650 million Panama deal, POSCO E&C has achieved about $5.6 billion in orders in Latin America over the past decade, making the company a major player in the energy plant market in the region.
As you can see, POSCO has started 2016 with a bang, with a wide range of exciting new projects all over the world, in steel, energy, sustainability and other fields. It’s an exciting start to the year, and a sign of even more exciting things to come. | <urn:uuid:72066e86-732f-4e72-835e-5214fea5184d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://globalblog.posco.com/posco-starts-2016-exciting-news-around-world/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00138-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951695 | 719 | 1.578125 | 2 |
On October 12, 2017, President Trump issued an executive order directing the Departments of Health and Human Services and Treasury to look into the possibility of using health reimbursement arrangements (HRAs) in conjunction with the individual insurance market. HRAs are tax favored, employer funded accounts used to reimburse employees for out of pocket expenses when using their health plan. The regulations were finalized in mid-June, and they reversed several years of the Affordable Care Act’s prohibition against using HRAs for this purpose.
There are two types of new HRAs: the Individual Coverage HRA and the Excepted Benefits HRA.
The Individual Coverage HRA
Starting on January 1, 2020, employers can use an Individual Coverage HRA (ICHRA) to reimburse employees and dependents for medical expenses and individual medical premiums. Here is a quick summary:
- Employers can set the plan’s dollar limit, and different amounts can be used for older people and larger families.
- The HRA is only available to those who are not eligible for a group insurance plan.
- The HRA must be offered to all employees in the same class.
- Participants can waive coverage if they would like to do so as it may preclude them from getting a premium tax credit.
- Participants must substantiate their individual health coverage, and this can be done by attestation.
- The employer must provide written notice to employees at least 90 days before the beginning of the plan year.
- It is subject to both ERISA and COBRA, but ERISA does not have to extend to the individual policies if certain conditions are met.
- If the individual health premium exceeds the HRA amount, employees can use Section 125 to pay the difference pre-tax as long as the policy was not purchased through the state’s health exchange.
- Medicare premiums can be reimbursed by the HRA.
On the surface, the ICHRA sounds a lot like the Qualified Small Employer HRA (QSEHRA) that became available on January 1, 2017. Here are a few differences:
- The QSEHRA has a contribution limit of $5150 for a single person and $10,450 for a family in 2019. There is no cap so far for the ICHRA.
- The QSEHRA is only available to employers with fewer than 50 full time employees. There is no limit for the ICHRA.
- The QSEHRA is available today. The ICHRA is not available until January 1, 2020.
- An employer has to cancel their health plan to offer a QSEHRA. With an ICHRA, an employer could theoretically keep their group health plan and offer the ICHRA only to new hires or certain classes of people. I suspect this would create a concern for the group insurance underwriters, but it is possible under the regulations.
From an implementation perspective, one of my concerns about both the ICHRA and the QSEHRA is the 90 day notice requirement. It’s fairly common for insurance companies to issue renewal rates with well less than 90 days notice. An employer would have to be planning ahead to make the decision to offer one of these plans BEFORE they get their renewal in many cases. Another concern might be the cost of individual coverage, which can be more expensive than group insurance plans. A final concern is the potential for additional complexity or penalties with ACA shared responsibility rules.
The Excepted Benefit HRA
With an Excepted Benefit HRA (EBHRA), an employer can reimburse employees and dependents up to $1800 per year for or certain types of medical expenses and premiums for the following:
- Individual health coverage that consists solely of excepted benefits like stand-alone vision and dental plans, accident-only coverage, or disability coverage.
- Short term, limited duration insurance plans
- COBRA coverage
The EBHRA cannot reimburse for individual health coverage or Medicare Parts B or D.
These new HRAs open up new possibilities for employers trying to find creative ways to control health plan costs. If you’d like to discuss these or other creative cost containment strategies in more detail, please call us at (866) 724-0008 or click the link below. | <urn:uuid:bb48fdd1-5a69-4573-ab63-927a92c0093f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.millbrookbenefits.com/new-hra-options/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.949414 | 878 | 1.789063 | 2 |
Song of Dragons -- a trilogy of blood, steel, and dragonfire. For fans of epic fantasy like A Game of Thrones and The Lord of the Rings.
BOOK ONE: BLOOD OF REQUIEM
Long ago stood the kingdom of Requiem, a land of men who could grow wings and scales, breathe fire, and take flight as dragons. Requiem ruled the sky.
But Dies Irae, a tyrant leading an army of griffins, hunted Requiem's people, burned their forests, and shattered their temples. Requiem fell. This ancient land now lies in ruin, its halls crumbled, its cries silenced, its skeletons littering the burned earth.
In the wilderness, a scattering of survivors lives in hiding. The griffins still hunt them, and every day promises death. Will Requiem's last children perish in exile... or once more become dragons and fly to war?
About Daniel Arenson
See more books from this Author
Published January 4, 2014
Science Fiction & Fantasy, Literature & Fiction. | <urn:uuid:407dad59-948d-44f2-b832-74e28346e52a> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://idreambooks.com/Blood-of-Requiem-Song-of-Dragons-Book-1-by-Daniel-Arenson/reviews/108718 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719027.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00303-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.873337 | 215 | 1.6875 | 2 |
D. Sunshine Hillygus Associate Professor of Political Science, Duke University :
(Interview with POLITICO's Aleesa Mann)
I think that there are paths where Obama could win without North Carolina, but they’re going to be difficult. I think the reason is in part because of what North Carolina signifies in terms of his ability to mobilize minority voters in the 2012 election.
2008 was an incredibly close election and although his numbers are slightly positive in the state now, the 2010 elections saw a decline in the Democrats’ success in the state. I think one of the ways to win the state is going to rely on exciting and mobilizing his core supporters in the state, particularly minority voters.
He has a much more difficult path to victory in 2012 than in 2008, not only because his approval ratings have gone down, but because reapportionment has benefited red states over blue states. The reapportionment winners are traditional red states like Texas, Georgia, South Carolina and Utah, and those states losing votes are primarily blue states.
This just means that, already, it’s going to be more difficult for him.
If he’s able to really mobilize minority voters and young voters in North Carolina, then it’s going to signify that he’s been able to find the excitement in his campaign that he did in 2008. Part of his real success was being able to bring to the polls voters who were traditionally less likely to vote. The real question mark is whether he’s able to generate that enthusiasm again. | <urn:uuid:8cb35b90-385d-4e46-8b5c-58ae21ac4e33> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.politico.com/arena/perm/D__Sunshine_Hillygus_2659874C-C043-4D2F-B4BC-A011ABC40F38.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719784.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00426-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980424 | 316 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Photo courtesy of NASA
Volcanoes have the potential to erupt at nearly any given time, in many places around the world. Their ash clouds, towering for miles into the stratosphere, seem relatively innocuous to most people. However volcanic ash is so much more than a “cloud,” and it can be catastrophic to commercial airliners. Let’s have a look at what makes them so dangerous.
Just this week, a volcano in Costa Rica called Turrialba spewed ash into the sky, forcing the closure of the country’s primary commercial airport in San Jose on Monday and Tuesday. A more memorable eruption in recent memory for many is the 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland. That eruption stifled air traffic between Europe and North America for several days.
What is it about volcanic ash that is so dangerous for planes? If you’ve ever felt volcanic ash, it feels soft, much like baby powder. But when a plane flies through it at cruising speed — roughly 600 miles per hour — the ash begins to sandblast the aircraft. As it hits the cockpit windows, it etches into the glass, reducing visibility. As you might imagine, pilots like to be able to see where they’re flying.
Many modern planes give pilots the ability to fly with little to no visibility to of the cockpit windows, so visibility isn’t even the scariest part of a volcanic ash cloud. When a plane’s engines ingest volcanic ash, it begins to clog the engines. But like sand, it also melts into glass at high temperatures. Jet turbine engines operate at extremely high temperatures in order to combust fuel during the propulsion process. In a notable British Airways 747 incident over Indonesia in 1982, this is exactly what happened.
When British Airways Flight 9, also known as “Speedbird 9” flew through the ash, the pilots at first noticed when they deemed to be St Elmo’s Fire on the cockpit windscreen. In addition, the cabin began to smell like smoke, though at the time, cigarette smoking was still allowed on flights, so people didn’t think too much of it. The smoke smell eventually took on a sulphuric odor. It was only two minutes before the first of four Rolls-Royce engines shut down. Within the next minute or so, the other three engines had also shut down.
READ MORE: 5 Active Alaskan Volcanoes
The ingested ash had become molten, and the glass actually adhered to the inside of the engines. At that point, they were also beginning to lose cabin pressure, so the pilots were forced to descend toward the ocean, although they had no hope of landing on even a remote island at that point.
The saving grace for the flight was the fact that as the glass cooled, (because the engines were inoperable) it began to break off from the smooth interior surfaces of the engines. Finally, enough of it broke off, and as the pilots began planning to ditch the plane in the ocean, they were able to restart the engines — fourteen minutes after they had failed. After finally landing the plane safely in Jakarta with minimal visibility, the pilots ended up winning awards from the Queen of England for Valuable Service in the Air. For a long time afterward, flight 9 held the record for the longest glide in a non-purpose-built aircraft.
Two other flights also encountered issues from this same ash cloud during its eruption — one by Singapore Airlines, and another by Indonesian airline Garuda. Events such as these continue to serve as lessons-learned, improving aviation safety. | <urn:uuid:f0b404b9-4732-4a7f-832d-ddda3db9c462> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.travelpulse.com/news/airlines/why-can-t-jets-fly-through-volcanic-ash.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00538-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971833 | 745 | 3.796875 | 4 |
Canadian Eskimo Dog
Also known as the Esquimaux or the Canadian Eskimo Bog, this ancient sled-pulling breed is sometimes called the American Husky, apparently as a way of distinguishing it from the Siberian Husky. In modern times, those who wish to rewrite history refer to it as the Inuit Sled Dog. The northern people themselves call it the Qimmiq, or Kingmik.History
The term Eskimo Dog has been applied in both a general and a special sense. In the general sense it has been employed to refer to almost any sled dog ever used by the Eskimo people of the Arctic. In the special sense, it has come to mean one particular breed that is now recognized as a separate entity by major canine authorities. It is in the latter sense that it is discussed here. This is the ancient sled dog of the Canadian Arctic. It was once common and widespread, but its numbers have been drastically reduced in recent times. There have been two reasons for this. First, the introduction of the Siberian Husky to North America did it no favours. The Siberian animal was smaller and faster, and when sledracing became a major sport in the north, the Eskimo Dog could not compete. Second, the introduction of the snowmobile in the late 1960s removed a great deal of the need for the Eskimo Dog as a working animal. The northern dream now was not for a magnificent team of hard-working dogs, but for a shiny new machine.
It is estimated that in the 1920s there were 20,000 Eskimo Dogs working in the north. By the 1970s this impressive figure had shrunk to a dangerously low level of a mere 200. But then the Canadian Kennel Club and other interested parties came to the rescue and initiated a project that ensured the survival of this historic breed. It also has its supporters in the United States where one kennel alone, the Wintergreen, maintains a large group of 50 dogs.Appearance
In overall appearance, the Canadian Eskimo Dog resembles other northern breeds. With its wedge-shaped head and erect ears. Oblique eyes give it a serious expression. The coat should consist of a dense undercoat with thick straight guard hairs.
This is a powerful dog with the typical spitz configuration of strong body, dense coat, pricked ears and up-curled tail. In colour it may be white, buff, red, grey, brown or black, with or without white markings. In height it is 20-27 in (51-69 cm) and its weight is 60-105 lb (27-48 kg). Described as the "Sherman Tank of the mushing world", it has amazing stamina and strength, but is built for long-distance work rather than fast running.Temperament
Although extremely friendly and non-aggressive with people, it is intensely hierarchical and each team of dogs has been carefully selected to allow for internal dominance relationships.
The origin and purpose of the breed should be remembered when assessing its temperament. Current breeders stress its evident affection and responsiveness but also recognize that it is not suitable for all homes and individuals. It is a breed which responds enthusiastically to any stimulus, be it food, play or work.Health Matters
The breed is relatively free of major health problems, considering the way that the breed was re-established and the relatively small gene pool which was used. Dedicated breeders must be relied on to address any problems as they occur.Adaptability
As a breed dependent for survival on strength, independence and a pack psychology, it is most suited to homes that can provide sufficient exercise and control. Although primarily a sled dog with an ability to pull heavy loads for long distances on minimum food, the Canadian Eskimo Dog also fits into the show ring where its natural inquisitiveness carries it through. Natural intelligence coupled with independence of nature make it an interesting challenge for Obedience work. | <urn:uuid:695107b9-2ea2-4dfb-a03e-29b2a36e46f6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://elelur.com/dog-breeds/canadian-eskimo-dog.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285001.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00303-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965748 | 796 | 2.953125 | 3 |
We are searching data for your request:
Upon completion, a link will appear to access the found materials.
Cauliflower, like green beans, is a delicious vegetable that can be eaten all year round. Another plus is that you can offer dishes of this kind to both adults and kids.
During the season, such products are available fresh, and, for example, in the fall and winter - frozen. Moreover, on store shelves you can find both separately frozen vegetables and ready-made mixtures from them.
What can be prepared from fresh vegetables or frozen mixes to make it tasty and healthy?
The benefits and harms of dishes
First you need to figure out if cauliflower and green beans are really healthy foods. And do they retain properties when frozen? So, the calorie content of beans is 24 kcal per 100 g, and cabbage - 30 kcal for the same 100 g of fresh product.
In turn, both vegetables contain a whole storehouse of useful vitamins:
- vitamin K, which is responsible for blood clotting;
- vitamin U, which is responsible for the production of enzymes;
- vitamins C, B, PP;
- manganese, which is responsible for the elasticity of the skin;
- phosphorus, iron, potassium, etc.
Same cauliflower and green beans contain fiberresponsible for the performance of the human gastrointestinal tract. In addition, when frozen, both vegetables retain all their useful properties for up to 6 months, however, subject to proper transportation and storage. It is important to know how to prepare for the winter in the freezer. You can learn more about how to make frozen cabbage and what can be made from it later here.
Important! The glycemic index of green beans is only 15 units. This means that even people with diabetes can eat it without restrictions.
As for the question of the ratio of proteins and fats in foods, the situation is as follows:
- Green beans:
- proteins - 2 g;
- carbohydrates - 3.6 g;
- fats - 0.2 g.
- proteins - 2.5 g;
- carbohydrates - 5.4 g;
- fats - 0.3 g
How to cook?
One of the advantages of cauliflower and green beans is that they can be used as the basis for the first and second courses, as well as a salad. Choose the recipe you like and enjoy the amazing taste and benefits of these products.
A similar dish can be quickly prepared in the summer in the country, when all the main products have literally just been collected from the garden. Take:
- a small head of cauliflower (150 - 200 g);
- fresh green beans - 2 handfuls (150-200 g);
- onions - 1-2 heads;
- any greens to taste;
- olive oil;
How to cook:
- Rinse vegetables and herbs well.
- Disassemble the head of cabbage into small inflorescences and boil the vegetable in salted water along with the beans for 7-10 minutes (you can learn more about boiling cauliflower here).
The cooked food should be easily pierced with a fork.
- Peel the onion, cut it into large cubes.
- Fry in a skillet until transparent.
- Use a slotted spoon to remove the boiled vegetables from the pan, transfer them to a salad bowl.
- Add onions and finely chopped herbs to these.
- Stir, add spices if necessary.
Another version of the delicious salad with cauliflower and young green beans takes more time to prepare, but it can already be eaten as an independent dish. The salad is delicious, hearty and very bright.
- beef - 300-400 g;
- young beans - 200 g;
- cabbage color. - 200 g;
- red onion - 1 head;
- Korean carrots - 200 g;
- lemon - 1 pc.;
- hard cheese - 100 g;
- olive oil;
How to assemble a salad:
- Rub a piece of meat with spices and olive oil. Leave alone for 30-40 minutes.
- Cook fresh, washed cabbage and beans for about 5-7 minutes, frozen ones for 7-10 minutes.
- Peel the onion, cut into thin half rings.
- Pour boiling water over it and let the water drain.
- Cut the beef into small longitudinal pieces and fry in a pan until tender (about 2-3 minutes on each side).
- Cut the cheese into small squares.
- Wash greens, chop.
- Put fried beef, boiled vegetables, Korean carrots, cheese, onions, herbs in a salad bowl.
- Toss, add olive oil and juice of ½ part lemon.
- Mix everything again, add spices.
This salad can be served as an independent dish or as a side dish.
There are a great many options for preparing salads. You can find out more about cauliflower salads for weekdays and a festive table here.
The recipe for a light, tasty soup that is prepared in less than 60 minutes should be in the "piggy bank" of every housewife. Be sure to take on the following recipe to pamper your household with a great first course whenever they feel like it.
You will need:
- cabbage tsvetn. - 1 medium head of cabbage or 800 g;
- green beans in pods - 400 - 500 g;
- Adyghe cheese - 300 g;
- sour cream 20% - 500 g;
How to cook such a light soup:
- Pour some vegetable oil into a saucepan and put it on fire.
- Rinse the beans and place them in a saucepan for 10 to 15 minutes, stirring constantly.
- Rinse the cabbage, disassemble into inflorescences.
- Take out the baking sheet, put the inflorescences on it, sprinkle them with oil and sprinkle with spices.
- Preheat the oven to 200 degrees and bake the cabbage for 30 minutes.
- Add sour cream to the beans and simmer the vegetable for another 10 minutes.
- Remove the cabbage buds and place them in the pot as well.
- Simmer the vegetables for 5-7 minutes, then add 2 liters of water to them.
- Cut the cheese into small cubes and place in a saucepan of boiling water.
- Add spices and boil the contents for 5 minutes.
- Rinse and finely chop the herbs, send them to the pan.
- Turn off the heat and let the first dish sit for about 10 to 15 minutes.
The soup prepared according to this recipe is very healthy and can even be offered to children.
The second recipe for soup made from tender cabbage and delicious beans will definitely appeal to all lovers of chicken soups.
- half a chicken carcass;
- potatoes - 6 pcs.;
- carrots - 1 pc.;
- onion - 1 PC.;
- cabbage color. - 300 - 400 g;
- beans pod. - 200-300 g;
- Rinse the chicken carcass, put in a saucepan, pour 5 liters of water and put it on fire.
- Wait for the water to boil, remove the foam that has formed, turn on medium heat and leave the dishes alone for about 1 to 1.5 hours.
- Wash and peel potatoes, carrots and onions.
- Cut the potatoes and onions into cubes, grate the carrots.
- Wash the cabbage and beans. Disassemble one vegetable into inflorescences, and cut off the ends of the second.
If necessary, cut the long pods in half.
- Rinse the herbs, chop finely.
- Remove the cooked chicken, separate the meat from the bones, cut into small cubes and send it back to the pot.
- Add potatoes to boiling water, and after 10 minutes add cauliflower, onions and carrots.
- After another 10 minutes, add the beans to the soup and cook everything over medium heat for 15 minutes.
- Add spices and herbs to the soup, boil it for another 5 minutes.
- Turn off the heat and let the first brew (10-15 minutes).
Cauliflower and chicken are not just soups. You can learn more about recipes for making cauliflower with chicken in this material.
In fact, any vegetables, both raw and cooked, are an excellent side dish for fish or meat main dishes. Cauliflower with fresh green beans was no exception. What can be made from them?
Fried vegetables with cumin and ginger
- Prepare the beans (400g) and cabbage (400g) as directed in the recipes above.
- Cut onions (1 head) and carrots (1 pc.) Into half rings.
- Prepare garlic (2 - 2 cloves) and grated ginger (1 - 1.5 tsp).
- Heat olive oil in a skillet and add 1 tsp to it. cumin.
- Heat the seasoning slightly, transfer to a separate bowl.
- Put onions and carrots in a frying pan, fry them for 5 minutes.
- Add beans and cabbage to the vegetables, mix everything and continue to fry the vegetables.
- After 7-10 minutes add spices, cumin and ginger to the pan, cook the dish for another 5-7 minutes.
Cream-stewed vegetables with leeks
- Boil the prepared beans (300 - 400 g) and cabbage (400 - 500 g) in salted water until tender (7 - 10 minutes).
- Chop the garlic (3 cloves) and washed herbs.
- Cut the washed leeks (150 g) into rings.
- Put the pan on the fire, pour vegetable oil over it and fry the onions for 2-3 minutes.
- Add the garlic and simmer the mixture over the heat for another 1 minute.
- Transfer the cooked beans and cabbage to the pan and continue to fry the vegetables for about 5 minutes.
- Pour in warm cream (250 - 300 g), add grated hard cheese (150 g) and herbs.
- Stir the garnish, add the spices.
- Simmer the mixture a little more until the cheese is melted and you can serve the dish to the table.
There are other options for cauliflower side dishes. You can read more about delicious cauliflower side dishes here.
Oven-baked dishes have always been, are, and will be an excellent alternative to fried recipes as they are less caloric and healthier.
Accordingly, young green beans and tender cauliflower can not only be cooked in a saucepan or pan, but also in the oven. In this case, the basis of the recipe will always remain the same, and the amount of ingredients may vary. Consider the so-called "basic" version of the vegetable casserole.
What do you need:
- green beans;
- hard cheese;
- seasoning: a mixture of Provencal herbs;
- olive oil.
How to make a standard vegetable casserole:
- Take out a baking dish and brush it with olive oil.
- Rinse and prepare the vegetables, peel the garlic, and chop a few cloves.
- Squeeze the juice from half a lemon.
- Preheat the oven to 200 degrees.
- Fold the cabbage buds and beans into a mold, add garlic to them.
- Pour lemon juice over everything, sprinkle with oil, add spices.
- Bake for 15 minutes, stir.
- Bake for another 15 minutes.
- Sprinkle the prepared vegetables with grated cheese and place in the oven for 5-7 minutes.
So, if desired, such a casserole can be supplemented with other vegetables, cream, as well as meat (you can learn more about recipes for making cauliflower with meat here). Experiment and enjoy the exclusive taste.
We suggest making a casserole of cauliflower and green beans according to the video recipe:
By and large, both green beans and cauliflower are quickly cooked foods. From which there is a simple conclusion: if the dish contains only these vegetables, it can be cooked in a maximum of 15-20 minutes. At the same time, warm and cold salads are considered the fastest, and soups are considered the slowest. Let's cook vegetables stewed in a cauldron and see how quickly they turn into a delicious dish.
- green beans and cauliflower - 400 g each;
- red or yellow bell pepper - 2 pcs.;
- carrots and onions - 1 pc.;
- tomatoes - 2 pcs.;
What to do:
- Wash and prepare basic vegetables.
- Wash the onions, peppers and carrots, peel, cut into cubes, strips and grate on a track, respectively.
- Wash the tomatoes, pour boiling water over them, peel them off.
- Rinse the herbs, chop.
- Put the cauldron on fire, pour vegetable or olive oil into it.
- As the oil warms up, add cabbage buds, peppers and carrots to it.
- Simmer vegetables for 10 minutes.
- Add young beans and onions to the cauldron.
- Simmer for another 10 minutes.
- Add the tomato pulp to the vegetables and simmer the entire contents for another 10 minutes.
- Add herbs and spices, mix thoroughly and simmer for another 10 minutes.
It's no secret that restaurant guests pay not only for the taste of the dishes served in the restaurant, but also for their appearance. So why not start playing interestingly with all the dishes that are prepared at home. After all, the closest people are definitely worth it!
- To make children happy to eat vegetables, you should learn how to collect animals from them. For example, cauliflower will make a wonderful body for a lamb, and green beans will make its legs.
Such a vegetable animal may well “hide” under an omelet blanket or graze among the snow-white rice mountains.
- Pine nuts, mustard seeds and toasted sesame seeds are the best additions to a dish made with these vegetables. Place the salad in a slide in the middle of the plate, lightly dust it with nuts, and trace a circle of salad dressing on a flat dish.
- Cauliflower and green beans soup looks great in a saucepan. But in the tureen, and even with the addition of fresh herbs, it looks even better.
- For a side dish of vegetables to emphasize the taste of the main dish, follow the rules of opposition. For example, if the meat is fried, then the cabbage and beans should be stewed.
- If the main course is steamed, the vegetables can be fried or cooked in the oven.
As it becomes clear, there are many recipes that allow you to quickly and tasty cook pale yellow cauliflower and bright green green beans. Try different combinations to truly appreciate the uniqueness and benefits of these vegetables.. | <urn:uuid:ece81673-a2a8-44ff-8df6-6b4cbbe30ef0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://au.stopsbs.net/5494-simple-tasty-and-very-healthy-recipes-for-green-bean.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.88314 | 3,212 | 2.6875 | 3 |
'Making Things Fair': An Empirical Study of How People Approach the Wealth Transmission System
57 Pages Posted: 8 Mar 2015
Date Written: 2015
The wealth transmission process is of great concern to many senior citizens in the United States. The American wealth transmission process is designed to respect private ordering. It encourages planning as a means to formalize intent and ensure smoother property transfer at death. Most people do not plan, nor do they use, the formal probate system for distributing property, but there is little research on what the actual wealth transfer process looks like for the majority of Americans. This article challenges the contemporary trusts and estates canon by showing that the nuts and bolts of the inheritance process for many Americans takes place in a different universe outside of probate court, where the black-letter law is only a shadow, keepsakes and heirlooms assume outsized importance, and family dynamics drive outcomes. It is based on a first-ever empirical study of intergenerational care for Baby Boomers. This study shows that the formal laws of the inheritance system are largely irrelevant to how property is actually transferred at death. The contemporary trusts and estates canon focuses on the importance of planning for traditional forms of wealth in nuclear families, rather than wealth that has high emotional, but low financial, value. Alternative family structures and changing forms of wealth challenge this canon, uncovering serious shortcomings in existing means designed to encourage planning and minimize conflict. Instead, this study shows how the logic of "making things fair" has been structuring the way families navigated the distribution process and accessed the law. Consequently, this article recommends that law reform should be guided by the needs of contemporary families, where not only is wealth defined broadly but family too, through ties that are both formal and functional. This means establishing default rules that maximize planning while also protecting familial relationships.
Keywords: trusts and estates, socioeconomic class, families
JEL Classification: K10, K40
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation | <urn:uuid:a9767b49-fd51-4829-89ec-1489fdd38322> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2574781 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571745.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812170436-20220812200436-00466.warc.gz | en | 0.924335 | 403 | 2.046875 | 2 |
JUST HOW LONG HAVE
WOMEN BEEN FROM VENUS AND MEN FROM MARS?
- ON THE ORIGINS OF THE PETIT LENORMAND CARDS
by Caitlín Matthews
The mystery of how men and women relate to each other is central to the work of the diviner: why does he treat me this way? when will she notice me? how can we get back together? are common questions that clients bring to the cartomant or tarotmancer, who often find him or herself acting as an intermediary or interpreter of romantic relationships. However tempted, diviners must keep their neutrality while Eros aims his arrows indiscriminately.
The publication of John Gray’s popular relationship psychology book, Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus in 1993 seemed to throw an original and quirky light upon the differences between men and women. But, in actuality, the connection between the feminine with Venus and the masculine with Mars has been established in cartomancy since the era of Etteilla, an 18th century French cartomant and tarot creator, and also of the unknown person who created the Petit Lenormand system – who may not have been Mademoiselle Marie-Anne Lenormand. What follows is the mystery of the piquet deck, which I’ve chosen to pursue by investigating the footprint of Venus and Mars in the cards.
Above: Petit Etteilla cards. Below: Mertz Lenormand
Etteilla was the professional name of Jean Baptiste Alliette Jeune (1738-1791), who lived at 48 rue de l’Oseille,
(now, rue de Poitou in the 3rd Arrondissement.) Etteilla, whose calling card proclaimed him as ‘professeur d’alegèbre’, no doubt a cover for his esoteric activities that were proscribed under French law, was greatly inspired by the arcane writings of Court de Gebelin. In 1770 Etteilla published a book called ‘Etteilla, ou maniere de se récréer avec un jeu du cartes par M***’ (Etteilla, or A way to entertain yourself with a pack of cards by Mr ****). This system of divination was based upon the common 32 card or piquet deck that was used in Paris France and at the time, but with Etteilla’s unique spin. A piquet deck is one in which the 2-6 cards have been removed, as was used in the playing card game, piquet. Italy
The playing card game of piquet, in which Ace is high, was mentioned by Rabelais in 1535, and was well established by the mid 17th century. The aim of the game is to ‘get over the Rubicon’ by gaining 100 points in a partie or round. When players receive a hand containing no court cards, they may call ‘Carte Blanche’ and receive 10 points. With only 32 cards, it makes a fast game in which concentration and counting are requied. Etteilla obviously knew it well.
In his fortune-telling piquet card system, Etteilla assigned a 33rd card to the questioner, making a Significator card which Etteilla called ‘the Carte Blanche,’ obviously drawing on the game of piquet. Petit Etteilla cards also had upright and reversed meanings, at this time when double-headed cards had not yet been invented. He revealed a number of ways in which the cards could be laid in subsequent editions of a book called Etteilla, ou la seule manière de tirer les cartes (Etteilla, or The Only Way to Read the Cards) in 1773.
The Spread called ‘Coup de Etteilla’ from La Seule Manière de Tirer Les Cartes of 1773, using an ordinary 32 piquet playing card deck with the Carte Blanche shown at position 2 in the top right hand corner.
In his Petit Etteilla, Etteilla’s ascribes Ace of Spades to Venus, with the meaning of ‘a trifle,’ while to Ace of Hearts he gives the meaning of ‘the Present.’ When the card appears next to his Significator, which he modestly entitled the ‘Etteilla’ card, Ace of Spades signifies neglect, while Ace of Hearts means suspicion. The only other card assigned to a planet in the Petit Etteilla is the reversed 9 Spades: always an unlucky card in cartomancy, 9 Spades is assigned the meaning of ‘Illness’ in this system and is under the aegis of the unfortunate planet, Saturn.
Why did Etteilla ascribe these cards to Venus and Mars? Spades is not the first choice if you are looking for a card of Venus, unless you are exploring her Erisian tendencies. (Eris was the Goddess of Discord.) Mars is similarly not commonly associated with Hearts – it’s almost as if they have swopped suits! Furthermore, Etteilla had already assigned the colouring and characteristics of people to the court cards, with the Heart suit representing blonde individuals, and the Clubs suit representing dark haired people, with Diamonds and Spades furnishing the professions and ages of different kinds of people.
If we peer back into the mists of time, we discover other more obvious depictions of Venus and Mars in cartomancy and tarot. In 15th century French cartomancy, we find the Queen of Hearts is called Venus in the 1493 pack designed by Jehan Personne, master cardmaker from
. (Editions J-C. Dussiere.) This pack assigns Queen of Diamonds to Helen of Troy, Queen of Clubs to Melusine and Queen of Spades to Jeanne la Pucelle. Venus as Queen of Hearts seems entirely fitting, while the martial virgin, Joan of Arc, takes on the role of Queen of Spades. Lyons
Dame du Coeurs from Jehan Personne's Playing Cards of 1493
We can also see from the Mantegna Tarot of c.1465 that Mars and Venus resemble the major arcana tarot cards of VI Lovers and VII Chariot, with Venus rising from the sea, the element of Hearts or Cups, flanked by Cupid and the three Graces as her handmaids, and Mars sits on a triumphal car like a returning war commander with his sword – the emblem of Spades. These are fitting emblems of the divinities of Love and War, belonging to the sequence of cards depicting the planetary gods.
Venus and Mars from the Mantegna Tarot c.1465
The association of Venus and Mars with the Ace of Spades and Ace of Hearts reappears only in the 36 card Petit Lenormand decks of the mid 19th century, as we can see from the early Lenormand Mertz deck shown at the top of this blog, dating from about 1848-50s. The Woman and Man cards in the Petit Lenormand system represent the Significator: female and male clients have a dedicated card whose appearance in a tableau spread, where all the cards are used. Wherever the client’s cards fall in the spread, those cards nearest to it are significant and have strongest effect: those further from the Significator are weaker and have less effect. A female client’s Woman card is examined, as well as the position of the Man card, since it may show how she and her significant other are associated.
This system of cards is named for Mademoiselle Marie-Anne Adélaïde Lenormand (1772-1843) and is known generically as the Petit Lenormand; it has 36 cards, which is a piquet deck of 32 with the addition of the four sixes. Lenormand rose from humble origins in Alençon to become ‘the sibyl of the salons’ in
. A gifted diviner, she used many different methods to predict or envision her clients’ fortunes. Besides coffee grounds, and the inspection of heads, faces and palms, she undoubtedly used the Petit Etteilla cards, German-suited playing cards (with their acorns, leaves, bells and hearts) and cards of her own devising that had constellations upon them. (These were not the cards now known as Grand Jeu de Mlle. Lenormand or Astro-Mythological Cards which were produced by Grimaud two years after her death in 1845.) Paris
Lenormand wrote many books and, with her following, would surely not have been diverted from producing cards, had she so wished, just as Etteilla had done before her. The production of such cards would not have proved impossible, given her immense income from celebrity clientèle. It has been proved that Etteilla’s proactive publishing has its roots in his own experience as a print-seller: this would have brought him into close association with printers. With an eye to the main chance, he saw ways of benefiting from this association by creating books and card systems of his own. He invented not only the Petit Etteilla cards but two tarots: but is the piquet deck that interests us here.
In actual fact, the Petit Lenormand deck images derive from a German game called Das Spiel der Hoffnung, published in 1800 by G. P. J. Bieling-Dietz of
. This was a board game in which 36 cards were laid in a square while competitors raced to be the winner; it was played by two dice to determine how one advanced around the board. Like Snakes and Ladders, you might advance or retreat if you landed on particular cards. The cards have the same numeration and images as the Petit Lenormand cards, conclusively proving that this was the origin of the images and their ordering. The accompanying leaflet to the game also suggested a simple question and answer whereby 32 cards laid in eight rows of four might answer questions. (Compare the Coup de Etteilla spread above, which is an early form of tableau reading.) Nuremberg
Many people are astonished that this seemingly French system has a partial German origin. This game and the French method of fortune-telling with the piquet cards was evidently married together to create the Petit Lenormand style cards, in a Mars and Venus style marriage. A close comparison of the divinatory cards that appeared over the period from the late 18th century to the mid 19th century and beyond show a distinct trail back to this marriage of piquet and a German game. Yet, despite Lenormand’s name being associated with this divination method, she did not necessarily invent it. The game called the Le Grand Jeu, published by Grimaud in 1845, appeared two years after her death and was merely a way of cashing in upon the Lenormand name. Le Grand Jeu is a pack of 52 cards with classical images as their main picture, and so it is not a Petit Lenormand pack.
If we look at traditional Cartomancy, Ace of Hearts is associated with the establishment of house and home, settling down with a partner and with romance. On the contrary, the Ace of Spades is most commonly considered to be ‘the death card,’ or which, at its very least, signals a call to change or an unwelcome development. Yet, Mademoiselle Lenormand, after whom the Petit Lenormand cards are named, saw herself as ‘the Ace of Spades,’ a strong, healthy but hardly beautiful young woman who achieved celebrity status as a diviner to the Empress Joséphine. Lenormand survived the Terror, to become ‘the sibyl of the salons’ during the Napoleonic era and the subsequent Bourbon restoration. Her survival of several terms of imprisonment for illegal divination is testimony to her toughness: she remained a life-long spinster, cultivating a sibylline appearance, wearing a black dress and a black wig which accentuated her dark eyes.
Was it Lenormand who determined that the Ace of Spades, following Etteilla’s ascription of Venus to this card, should stand for all women, and Mars for all men? Possibly – we cannot conclusively tell. Whoever prepared and invented the Petit Lenormand cards followed Etteilla’s strange cross-ascribed suits and found them suitable. Might the heart of a single woman looking for a man to complete her happiness assign the Ace of Hearts to the male Significator? I leave it to your judgement. In doing so, the Petit Lenormand inventor certainly pre-empted Jung’s concept of anima and animus by a good century, in the cross-ascriptions of Mars to the Ace of Hearts and Venus to the Ace of Spades!
The Petit Lenormand style of oracles spread extensively and speedily through Europe, but most particularly into
where it has had its fullest expression. This was partially been due to the draconian laws against divination that obtained during Lenormand’s own lifetime and into the present age. Parlour oracles which married images to cartomancy, featuring playing cards upon them, resonate still with the Petit Lenormand system, especially the Sibylla Cards and Gypsy Oracle cards, which have a 36 card layout (though more modern or reproduction Sibyllas lack the cards these days.) German Kipper Cards, which do not feature playing cards, also retain a 36 card format. All of these cards stem from the piquet deck. Germany
Etteilla and Lenormand remain the god-parents of the piquet deck fortune-telling cards that we know as the Petit Lenormand system. They are the Mars and Venus of piquet: a self-promoting dandy of an Ace of Hearts, and a plump and unlovely diviner who thought of herself as the Ace of Spades. Their marriage of ideas has brought us a system of divination that many are rediscovering with wonder today, as conventional tarot exposition begins to pall, and the call of early cartomancy is reawakening. As with any meeting between love and war, Venus and Mars still engage with their own brand of romantic dissention, but it is a fruitful edge whereat we may find the essential tools of divination.
Here is a Petit Lenormand spread for those who still wonder what Venus and Mars hold for them in relationship terms. You will need a Petit Lenormand pack or else an ordinary pack of playing cards, if you are a cartomancer. Place your Woman or Venus (Ace Spades) card to the left of position 5 and your Man or Mars (Ace Hearts) card to the right of position 6 and read away!
WOMAN 5. 7. 6. MAN
1. What's in her mind?
2. What's in her heart?
3. What’s in his mind?
4. What’s in his heart?
5. What she gives/withholds
6. What he gives/withholds
7. Where they meet.
Read cards 1 & 2, and 3 & 4, 5 & 6 as a pair. Then read 1,5,2 and 3,6,4 as triplets which show the disposition of the individuals in the reading. Finally read 5,6,7 as a triplet to determine the nature of the relationship at this time.
This article is extracted from Caitlín’s Enchanted Lenormand Oracle, with 36 cards illustrated by Virginia Lee, appearing in 2013. The book accompanying the cards gives background to the Petit Lenormand origins, a full list of meanings, guidance on how to read Lenormand cards (which are read very differently to the way in which we read tarot cards), as well as practices and spreads that will help beginners deepen their experience.
See http://www.hallowquest.org.uk/ for more details. | <urn:uuid:06103956-b29d-47ee-bf2c-2338f9304d11> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://caitlin-matthews.blogspot.com/2012_04_01_archive.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719677.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00561-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952817 | 3,422 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Branches & ATMs
HSBC Overdraft Accounts
What kinds of account can be used as an overdraft account?
Only one: A demand deposit account in New Turkish Lira.
How is the overdraft account limit determined?
The limit is set in line with income. The relationship between the customer and HSBC is also taken into consideration.
When does overdraft account interest accrue in my account?
10% of the previous month's principal amount that you used from your overdraft account plus any relevant interest and tax charges, and the cost of the bank statement if it is sent through direct mail, will be collected automatically from your account every month.
How is the overdraft account interest calculated?
Interest on your overdraft account is calculated only for the period the account is overdrawn. For example, if you have used credit on the 10th of the month and returned your balance to positive by depositing money on the 15th, you pay interest only for the period in between (for six days including the 10th and the 15th). The interest is calculated daily using the formula "Principal x Days x Interest: 30*100".
What is the due date for paying my overdraft account debt?
10% of the previous month's principal amount that you used from your overdraft account plus any relevant interest and tax charges, and the cost of the bank statement if it is sent through direct mail, should be paid every month as the minimum payment amount. In case of an overdraft account limit breach, payment should be made as soon as possible to prevent breach.
How can I apply for an overdraft account?
Prospective customers should first open a demand deposit account at an HSBC Branch. To apply for an overdraft account, you should file an application form together with photocopies of your ID, income statement and the original electric, water, gas or telephone bills of the home address that appears on the application form (Bills should be issued in the applicants name or to a family member with the same last name) at any HSBC Branch. Application forms are available at all branches.
Is there a guarantee requirement?
How long will it take for my overdraft account to be opened?
Overdraft account applications are processed in one week.
How and where can I use and access my overdraft account?
You can use your overdraft account for all your banking needs within your predetermined limit, and you can access it at HSBC Branches and HSBC ATMs. While shopping, you can access your overdraft account by using your HSBC Debit Card to pay for your purchases. You can also use your overdraft account in conjunction with direct debit orders to automate your bill payments thus making sure that your payments are made in full and on time even when your balance is not sufficient to cover the amount due on a bill.
How can I keep track of my overdraft account transactions?
A statement showing your account transactions, available balance, and accumulated interest will be sent to you every month.
I want to close my overdraft account. What should I do?
You can close your overdraft account by applying to your branch after repaying any debt and accrued interest.
What is the difference between an overdraft account and a cash advance on a credit card?
When you withdraw cash using your credit card, you pay a commission of 3.5% (min. TL 2.50) in addition to interest, whereas there is no commission for withdrawing from an overdraft account. Another difference is that credit card interest is calculated daily and accrued monthly, while for the overdraft account interest is charged only for the days that you use credit.
Copyright© 2002-2016 HSBC Bank A.S. All rights reserved.
Terms and Conditions | <urn:uuid:914bb7e8-8e68-482b-9e99-ff6cc76d400b> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.hsbc.com.tr/eng/retail_banking/sss/hsbc_overdraft_accounts.asp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988725475.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183845-00510-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927788 | 771 | 1.757813 | 2 |
Welcome to LinuxQuestions.org, a friendly and active Linux Community.
You are currently viewing LQ as a guest. By joining our community you will have the ability to post topics, receive our newsletter, use the advanced search, subscribe to threads and access many other special features. Registration is quick, simple and absolutely free. Join our community today!
Note that registered members see fewer ads, and ContentLink is completely disabled once you log in.
If you have any problems with the registration process or your account login, please contact us. If you need to reset your password, click here.
Having a problem logging in? Please visit this page to clear all LQ-related cookies.
Introduction to Linux - A Hands on Guide
This guide was created as an overview of the Linux Operating System, geared toward new users as an exploration tour and getting started guide, with exercises at the end of each chapter.
For more advanced trainees it can be a desktop reference, and a collection of the base knowledge needed to proceed with system and network administration. This book contains many real life examples derived from the author's experience as a Linux system and network administrator, trainer and consultant. They hope these examples will help you to get a better understanding of the Linux system and that you feel encouraged to try out things on your own.
Click Here to receive this Complete Guide absolutely free.
"PCLinuxOS Phoenix edition 2011-07 is now available for download. PCLinuxOS Phoenix edition 2011 live CD comes with the latest versions of most popular programs such as Xfce 4.8, Firefox 5.0, Thunderbird 3.1.11 just to name a few. OpenOffice.org Manager has been replaced with LibreOffice Manager. Due to the limited size of the live CD the office suite is not included but can be installed through the LibreOffice Manager either in live CD mode (3 GB of memory required) or preferably after hard drive installation. Addlocale has updated translations and can convert a PCLinuxOS installation into over 70 different languages. The software included on the live CD was based on community feedback as to what the PCLinuxOS users wanted to be included by default." | <urn:uuid:f335d8f2-d89b-4aa6-9ad6-0c5fdd4c7a43> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.linuxquestions.org/reviews/showproduct.php?product=1855 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719453.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00230-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933659 | 445 | 1.75 | 2 |
It’s sometimes said that the obstruction of truth and justice for the Armenian Genocide is the result of actions by the Turkish state, not a reflection of the values of Turkish society.
On the surface, this explanation might have some superficial appeal.
But upon any meaningful examination, this formulation falls apart. It dramatically oversimplifies the complex reality on the ground in Turkey, at so many levels, and ignores the deep historical and societal roots of anti-Armenian racism and violence in modern Turkish culture.
An imperfect (but perhaps useful) analogy may help shed some light on this issue: America’s brutal treatment of African Americans and Native Americans was not simply the function of governmental policy driven from above, but rather a reflection and a direct result, sadly, of very toxic and hateful cultural attitudes on race. Attitudes that created the very basis for the horrors of slavery and the genocidal massacres and ethnic-cleansing of American Indian tribes from their ancient homelands. Reading our Declaration of Independence (and its reference to “merciless Indian Savages”) or our Constitution (and its inhuman description of African Americans as three-fifths of a human being) just scratches the surface of the untold terror visited upon these peoples.
Add to this intolerance the vast American wealth drawn from centuries of slave labor and the massive theft of native lands—a parallel to the foundation of the modern Turkish economy, built upon the wealth and properties of literally hundreds of thousands of Armenian families and businesses stolen during the Armenian Genocide era—and you compound racial discrimination with deeply rooted and highly influential economic interests. A powerful combination. Hard, but not impossible, to challenge.
To our credit, as Americans—after decades of denial, demonstrations and, eventually, dialogue—we are today openly struggling with these deeply intense issues that are so closely tied to our very foundation, growth, and future as a nation. In Turkey, it is still illegal to talk about them.
Imagine Birmingham or Montgomery, Ala., at the height of Jim Crow.
Imagine a time in American history, thankfully behind us now, when segregationists openly celebrated Klan lynchings, and school children were raised to revel in old-school Westerns that demonized American Indians and glorified their destruction.
Well, sadly, that is where Turkey stands today.
In modern Turkey, Hrant Dink’s killer is treated like a hero, and those guilty of his assassination are let free. Armenians are regularly threatened with renewed deportations, the remaining Christian heritage of Anatolia is being systematically erased, and the country’s most popular films and books are about scapegoating and striking down treasonous minorities.
There are, of course, Turks who line up on the side of the angels. Unfortunately, however, U.S. policy toward Ankara has long been to play to the lowest common denominator, backing demagogues who appeal to their population’s basest instincts, at the expense of the small but growing number of brave souls who are struggling and sacrificing for the simple freedom to speak and act in pursuit of their country’s highest aspirations.
Turkey today is not a post-genocidal state, but a pre-genocidal society, angrily lashing out at its imagined enemies and, it would seem, seeking out its next target. The remaining Armenians on the soil of present-day Turkey – reminders of the unfinished work of Turkey’s last genocide – are high on this list, as, of course, are the Kurds, the most likely victim of its next.
The bottom line is that what is needed is not simply a change in Turkey’s policies, but rather a profound, long-term movement driven by both international and domestic pressure to rehabilitate Turkey into a modern, tolerant, and pluralist society that—as proof of its reform—willingly forfeits the fruits of its genocidal crimes.
Any less would be a disservice to Turkey’s victims, to Turkey’s neighbors, and to Turkey’s own citizens. | <urn:uuid:f066f0a5-be74-4aa3-98d6-b1c187ed59fa> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://armenianweekly.com/2012/02/09/hamparian-confronting-a-pre-genocidal-turkey/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280504.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00142-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946736 | 834 | 2.421875 | 2 |
In the recently released World Air Quality Report 2021, 35 out of 50 cities with the worst air quality were from India. In fact, none of the cities met World Health Organisation's (WHO) air quality standards of 5 micrograms per cubic meter (ug/m3).
India pulled out of the China-backed trade agreement as negotiations failed to address its core concerns. These were threat of circumvention of rules of origin due to tariff differential, inclusion of fair agreement to address the issues of trade deficits and opening of services.
Even though the negotiations are still under way, there were many instances in the past one year where an announcement was expected. | <urn:uuid:bfd5d456-e81b-43ec-b1e7-53bd502b4bcd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://auto.economictimes.indiatimes.com/author/479253140/payal-bhattacharya | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809124724-20220809154724-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.978813 | 132 | 2.25 | 2 |
Flickr is the new trendy way to share your photos online, and I have been thinking of moving my photo album there for a while.
Nevertheless, the prospect of re-tagging and uploading nearly two thousand photos is a bit daunting (as is the fact that my photos would be subject to the site's whims - an issue compounded by their recent acquisition by Yahoo!), so I'm constantly skirting the issue while keeping track of neat things done with its XML APIs.
- Flickr Backup - a Java application to back up your Flickr account.
- Flickr.rb - a Ruby module for the Flickr API
- Just about anything you might need to use Flickr, on any platform, or from any programming language.
- An iPhoto export plugin, if you're so inclined.
- Related Tag Browser - a Flash front-end that lets you interactively browse Flickr. A must on fullscreen.
- 1001, a desktop client to upload photos and track photostreams.
- A Quicktime viewer that uses the internal XML handling.
- Lickr, a Greasemonkey script that replaces the Flickr interface with a DHTML one. | <urn:uuid:5395cbd9-6fd8-43d0-a060-cf7de6f44a9c> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://taoofmac.com/space/com/Yahoo/Flickr | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721174.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00282-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.899025 | 236 | 1.59375 | 2 |
|Home > East Asia >
Functional constituencies and Hong Kong's LegCo elections
FCs are a unique feature of the Hong Kong electoral system. They appear to have mutated from their original design to imbue the legislature with a measure of professional expertise, into a system that advocates narrow, vested interests over the wider public interest. Many of the candidates standing in functional elections, including the eleven who faced no contest, campaign that they will work hard to serve their functional sectors. But the problem with FCs is that their respective electorates are small compared to the GCs. Indeed, some of them are so small that there are only a couple of hundred voters. Moreover, some of the most influential voters are not even individuals but companies, making it extremely difficult to identify who really directs the voting decisions. Large conglomerates in Hong Kong, with their many companies and affiliates, can control votes through these "corporate voters" in an aspect of the electoral system that has hardly any transparency. Election surveys being carried out in Hong Kong mainly focus on the GCs precisely because it is almost impossible to survey the FCs in terms of voters' intention. A series of rolling election surveys on the GCs can be found at [www.hkupop.hku.hk] or [www.civic-exchange.org] for the public to track how candidates are doing.
Some of the smallest FCs were among the 11 uncontested seats. They include banking, insurance, transport, real estate and construction, agricultural and fisheries, as well as food catering companies. The others are chambers of commerce, industry federations and the Heung Yee Kuk, a body of 146 rural village elders. The erroneous assumption on the part of both voters and candidates that a functionally elected legislator is in LegCo to serve functional interests first and foremost, compounds the problem of holding these candidates accountable to the larger public.
So, despite Hong Kong being an international financial center, the candidates standing in the stock broking FC are running on platforms to protect small local brokers. Small broking firms make up the bulk of the voting members and have been resistant to better regulatory control. The incumbent in the catering constituency has a record of being against banning smoking in restaurants to protect workers and customers from the dangers of second hand smoking because many of the companies running restaurants are against it. The longstanding banking representative has a very poor record of engaging in overall legislative work because he is also the chairman of a bank and his attention is frequently required elsewhere. Meanwhile, the member representing the companies that make up the Chinese Chamber of Commerce gave the extremely disrespectful "finger" to the public last year shortly after the July 1, 2003 protest against the controversial Article 23 national security proposed legislation. It is hard to imagine that he could have survived politically anywhere in the civilized world except Hong Kong.
Functional candidates and voters appear not to have paid sufficient attention to the Basic Law, Hong Kong's post-1997 constitution, or to the oath of allegiance a legislator takes at the start of each LegCo term. The Basic Law has one set of functions, powers and duties for all legislators, whether they are directly or functionally elected. The constitution does not provide that functional members are there to represent their functional sectors' interests. When a legislator takes the oath of allegiance, it is to serve Hong Kong as a whole and not their functional sectors' interests.
When FCs were first created in 1985, the original idea for establishing them was to introduce into LegCo individuals who had specific professional expertise in certain areas on the assumption that such experience would help legislative work. What Hong Kong has today are functional lobbyists sitting as legislators, who see their work as protecting special interests. In the past, the public seems to have given up on most of the FC LegCo members. Few of the functional legislators received direct public pressure probably because the public has written most of them off as not representing them at all. In reality, they can be pressured by the public to improve their attendance record and to pay heed to wider public interests.
The public has an interest to change perception about FCs and to ensure that broader interests are better served. After all, FCs are staying for a while. The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress ruled in April that for the 2008 LegCo election, the ratio between functional and directly elected seats should remain at 50:50. For now, it is therefore unclear when Hong Kong can achieve universal suffrage, despite the fact that the Basic Law provides that universal suffrage be the "ultimate aim." Indeed, the Standing Committee noted that the first possible opportunity for Hong Kong to achieve universal suffrage in terms of legislative elections was in 2008, even though Chinese lawmakers did not think Hong Kong would be ready by then.
The Standing Committee also left open the possibility that the number of LegCo seats could be increased in the 2008 election. Vested interests are likely to argue for more functional seats. The LegCo member for the real estate and construction FC is on record as saying that his constituency should be split into two: one for property development companies and the other for construction companies. There is no benefit to the public for FCs to grow in numbers and for the sectors to be made even narrower. The real estate and construction FC for example, has a total of 1,063 voters. By splitting it into two FCs, the number of voters for each will even be smaller. Since this FC was first created in 1991, there have been five elections, and yet there has never been a contest for the real estate and construction seat. The sector had always been able to field the candidate of their choice.
There is another aspect of the FC system that is critical to note. The FCs have a determining effect on policies. LegCo votes in two blocks. The voting rules provide that when legislators (not the government) propose motion debates, legislation and amendments to government legislation, they will only be passed if there is majority support from both the directly elected as well as functional members voting separately. This effectively means that 16 FC members can veto any proposal raised by the GC members. It is also true that 16 GC members can stop any proposal by the FC members. However, in examining voting records over the past seven years, the major controversies between GC and FC members have been over constitutional reform, executive accountability and labour rights issues, where the FC members were by and large resistant to change. It may therefore be said that the FC system entrenches political and economic inequalities in Hong Kong.
Christine Loh is the CEO of Civic Exchange. Civic Exchange is an independent Hong Kong-based public policy think tank that was established in September 2000. More information can be found at [www.civic-exchange.org].
This article appears on AFAR with permission from Jamestown Foundation, China Brief.
|© Copyright 2002-2007 AFAR| | <urn:uuid:ac5b276f-fc7b-46e9-a9ed-fbd01cdf1c1d> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.asianresearch.org/articles/2301.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719784.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00426-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971343 | 1,399 | 2.25 | 2 |
It's the latest craze for people who want to improve their mental performance: zapping the brain with electricity to make it sharper and more focused. It's called "brain hacking," and some people are experimenting with it at home.
The idea's not completely crazy. Small jolts of electricity targeted at specific areas of the brain are used to treat diseases like epilepsy and Parkinson's, typically with tiny devices that must be surgically implanted.
One different, noninvasive technique is known as Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation, or tDCS. A low-intensity electrical current is passed through electrodes placed on the outside of the head. Some studies suggest that it could help treat conditions such as depression, anxiety and chronic pain. But what's interesting about tDCS is that anyone can do it, and for reasons that have nothing to do with disease.
Those reasons include learning more quickly, or becoming better at video games. Scientists have been experimenting for a decade to see whether tDCS can help the brain learn, and they've published dozens of papers on it. One study of Air Force pilots showed that those who received tDCS performed 25 percent better on training tests than those who received no brain stimulation. This has attracted the attention of people in the gaming community who think "brain hacking," as they call it, could help enhance their performance.
Take for example the Foc.us headset. According to claims on the device's website, the headset can increase the plasticity of the brain and makes the synapses fire faster, allowing gamers to focus better and score higher. The device isn't approved by the Food and Drug Administration and costs about $250. The price has prompted some gamers to try to make their own machines using simple instructions found on YouTube.
That's what Jared Seehafer did. He's a 28-year-old medical device consultant in San Francisco who heads the Bay Area Brain Hackers group.
He made his own tDCS machine using an elastic headband and a couple of electrodes. It's powered by a 9-volt battery and produces 1 to 2 milliamps of electricity, approximately what it takes to light one small LED bulb.
It's the same amount of electricity used in the lab by researchers such as Vincent Clark, director of the Psychology Clinical Neuroscience Center at the University of New Mexico.
"We were interested in how can we take an average healthy person and improve their ability to learn something new," says Clark.
With funding from the Department of Defense, Clark set up an experiment in which subjects studied a series of complicated pictures. Hidden in each was a threatening object, such as a weapon or a suspicious package. The goal was to see how fast the subject could spot the objects with tDCS and without it.
"What we found," says Clark, "is that the people who received a full dose of tDCS learned twice as much in the same hour of training as people who received a very low dose of tDCS or no tDCS at all."
Clark is a big believer in tDCS. He thinks it could become a new kind of medicine with fewer side effects than drugs. Other researchers worry that the commercial and DIY experiments are not being properly controlled.
It's like making your own prescription drugs at home, says Marom Bikson, a professor of biomedical engineering at the City College of New York. It's the difference between a clinical drug trial that's being produced under strict quality control, or having people say, " 'Well, I can go to my kitchen, mix this stuff up.' What people would be doing at home in that situation wouldn't be safe," he says.
But batteries and electrodes are a lot easier to come by than the chemicals in drugs. That means that from a regulatory standpoint, tDCS will always be harder to control, says Hank Greely, a professor of law and bioethics at Stanford University. "If the FDA wanted to regulate it, how in the world could they regulate something where people can buy the raw materials for 25 bucks and make it themselves?"
Regulators are still trying to figure out whether tDCS has real and lasting therapeutic value, Greely says. After all, 2 milliamps is such a little amount of electricity, he points out. It's going to take many more years of strict clinical studies to determine whether tDCS is a therapy that could be useful or just another strange footnote in the long history of medicine.
Editor's note: This story was revised for clarity after it was first published. | <urn:uuid:84eb14e4-825f-4b37-845f-04d71d6f3647> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.mprnews.org/story/2014/05/19/electrical-brain-hacks-dont-try-this-at-home?refid=0&utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+MPR_science+%28Science+from+Minnesota+Public+Radio%29 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284352.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00199-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976619 | 921 | 3.109375 | 3 |
Oxazepam and other benzodiazepine medicines -- such as alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, and clonazepam -- have the potential to be abused. Some people who take oxazepam may become addicted to the medication, meaning that they feel they need to keep taking it (or to take it in progressively higher dosages), even when no medical need is present. A person is more prone to oxazepam addiction if he or she has been taking the drug daily for a longer period of time or at higher dosages -- or if he or she has a history of drug or alcohol addiction.
An Overview of Oxazepam AddictionOxazepam (Serax®) is a prescription medication approved for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal and anxiety. It belongs to of a group of medications known as benzodiazepines. As with other benzodiazepines, there is the possibility of becoming addicted to oxazepam. You may be addicted to oxazepam if you feel like you need to continue to take the medicine (or to take progressively higher oxazepam dosages), even when no medical need is present.
Oxazepam addiction is more likely if the medicine has been taken daily for a longer period of time or at higher doses. It is also more likely in people with a history of alcohol or drug addiction.
Understanding CNS DepressantsCentral nervous system depressants (CNS depressants), sometimes referred to as sedatives and tranquilizers, are substances that can slow normal brain function. Because of this property, some CNS depressants are useful in the treatment of anxiety and sleep disorders. Benzodiazepines are one example of CNS depressants. Beside oxazepam, some of the more commonly used benzodiazepines include:
- Alprazolam (Xanax®, Xanax XR®)
- Chlordiazepoxide (Librax®, Librium®, Limbitrol®)
- Clonazepam (Klonopin®)
- Lorazepam (Ativan®)
- Midazolam (Versed®)
- Temazepam (Restoril®)
- Triazolam (Halcion®).
Another class of CNS depressant medicines are barbiturates, such as mephobarbital (Mebaral®), pentobarbital sodium (Nembutal®), and phenobarbital (Luminal®). | <urn:uuid:cd6d31b3-d3a5-4820-919d-0418a53c03a9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://mental-health.emedtv.com/oxazepam/oxazepam-addiction.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00118-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.921433 | 517 | 2.5 | 2 |
While the FDA has not yet posted any of Dr. von Eschenbach’s testimony before Congress, that of Randall W. Lutter, Ph.D., Acting Deputy Commissioner for Policy, Food and Drug Administration has been put up on the FDA Web site. He testified on matters related to the importation of drugs before Subcommittee on Interstate Commerce, Trade, and Tourism Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation just two days ago on March 7.
There was not much news. He quoted a four year old study performed in 2003 by the Department of Health and Human Services on issues related to drug importation.
- There are significant risks associated with the way individuals are currently importing drugs that violate the FD&C Act.
- The integrity of the distribution system must be ensured.
- It would be extraordinarily difficult and costly for "personal" importation to be implemented in a way that ensures the safety and effectiveness of the imported drugs. Regulating personal importation could be extraordinarily costly, on the order of $3 billion a year based on 2003 estimates of the volume of packages entering the U.S.
- Overall national savings from legalized commercial importation will likely be a small percentage of total drug spending, and developing and implementing such a program would incur significant costs and require significant additional authority.
- The public expectation that most imported drugs are less expensive than American drugs is not generally true, especially in the case of generic drugs marketed in the U.S.
- Legalized importation of now-unapproved drugs will likely adversely affect the future development of new drugs for American consumers.
- The effects of legalized importation on intellectual property rights are uncertain but likely to be significant.
- Legalized importation raises liability concerns for consumers, manufacturers, distributors, pharmacies, and other entities.
It would seem that the FDA today would have more to say on the subject than from old reports. Nothing in the testimony addressed the counterfeit problem of drugs inside the U.S. In my mind, the two issues are linked, but no one ever seems to link them. | <urn:uuid:7e600516-fdcc-476f-8512-39c06ab5f9ec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://eyeonfda.com/2007/03/fda_congression/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.939385 | 421 | 1.648438 | 2 |
TV as we know it is dying, but most people don't perceive yet the dramatic change that is bubbling below the surface. In a stunning report released at CES, Accenture points to a wholesale collapse of traditional TV viewing. The study found that "the percentage of consumer watching broadcast or cable TV shows, movies, or videos on TV in a typical week plummeted from 71% in 2009 to 48% in 2011."
And what are we doing instead? We're streaming content on iPads (my wife watches as much content on her iPad as she does on TV), video enabled smart phones, and PCs. YouTube, Netflix, Hulu, iTunes -- and Apple's soon to be launched iTV are all changing the way we consume video content.
On Thursday, Robert Kyncl, YouTube's Vice President of Global Content Partnerships keynoted at the at 2012 Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas.
He argued that the world of TV is changing profoundly: "If YouTube's top five channels were stacked against cable channels, they would be in the top 20 in terms of viewership."
Kyncl pointed out that in 1980 there were only four TV channels and they had 100 per cent of the audience. But the emergence of cable TV in the 1980s dramatically changed the economics of distribution and resulted in hundreds of new channels. By 2010, 75 per cent of Americans viewing was spent watching cable channels, but only 25 per cent with the original four broadcast networks.
We are going through this same revolution again, with the Internet and streaming media once again dramatically reducing the cost of distribution. It eliminates barriers to entry, enabling content developers to narrow cast highly target audiences.
For instance, Kyncl cited the fact that today there are 17 million American yoga enthusiasts (and probably double that worldwide), yet there's not a single dedicated yoga channel on traditional TV. Kyncl predicted that within 12 month there will be a very successful YouTube Yoga channel.
And the facts speak for themselves: 350 million videos are shared on Twitter every year; and more than 100,000 person years worth of YouTube videos are watched on Facebook annually.
On hundred million iPads and tablets will be sold in 2012 according to the Consumer Electronics Association and analysts from GfK. Add that to the existing installed base of 70 million (15M in 2010 and 55M in 2011) -- all of them able to stream content; add to that the 600 million video enable smartphones that will sold in 2012 (add this to the 700 million smartphones sold in the last two years: 262M in 2010 & 435M in 2011); and finally add the 1.25 billion PCs worldwide. Presto, you're looking at more than 2 billion devices that can stream content.
I can hear what some people saying: What about quality? Do you agree that the quality of a cell phone conversation is less than a landline? Absolutely. Well, if the quality is poorer, why did 1.6 billion people buy mobile phones last year? (There are now 5.6 billion mobiles worldwide.)
We all think that quality matters, but convenience trumps quality. I was at an IDC breakfast briefing and the analyst presenting asked how many people had HD TVs in their homes. The majority did. And then she asked how many also subscribed to Netflix (only $8 a month for unlimited movies), again the majority did. Now this is a techie audience -- but the point is that Netflix isn't in HD but we're happy to watch it because it offers greater choice.
Kyncl in his keynote pointed to the fact that, "Today Netflix streams more than two billion hours of content a quarter and Hulu has 30 million unique users a month."
"Online video is on fire," said Kyncl -- the speed of its adoption is accelerating.
YouTube's audience of 800 million people watches over 3 billion hours of video a month - that's 30 minutes of video for every person on the planet.
Kyncl noted that by 2013, 90 per cent of Internet traffic will be video -- and so the rapid rise of internet video and streaming spells the slow death of TV as we know it now.
More later on the implications of this in future blogs . . . stay tuned
Follow Jim Harris on Twitter: www.twitter.com/@JimHarris | <urn:uuid:8995146b-bfe6-4649-b131-c8ecb53d272c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/jim-harris/death-of-tv_b_1205185.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280065.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00550-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954064 | 874 | 2.140625 | 2 |
The Near Earth Asteroid 2002 NY40 was observed with the William Herschel Telescope on La Palma, Canary Islands, on the night of August 17 to 18, 2002. The asteroid was imaged just before its closest approach to Earth, using the Adaptive Optics system NAOMI. These are the first images of a Near Earth Asteroid obtained with an Adaptive Optics system. During these observations the asteroid was 750,000 kilometres away, twice the distance to the Moon, and moving very rapidly across the sky (crossing a distance similar to the diameter of the Moon in 6 minutes or at 65,000 kilometres per hour). Despite the technical difficulties introduced by this, very high quality images were obtained in the near-infrared with a resolution of 0.11 arcseconds. This resolution is close to the theoretical limit of the telescope, and sets an upper limit to the size of the asteroid: only 400 metres across at the time of the observations.
Measuring the size of asteroids helps astronomers understand their nature and formation history as well as the potential threat they pose.
Near Earth Asteroids are a small population of asteroids that periodically approach or intersect the orbit of our planet, and have the possibility of colliding with the Earth as probably happened 65 million years ago, ending the dinosaur era. However, the probability that such an impact could happen is very low and in particular Near Earth Asteroid 2002 NY40 represents no danger to human live on Earth.
Javier Méndez | AlphaGalileo
Quantum optical sensor for the first time tested in space – with a laser system from Berlin
23.01.2017 | Ferdinand-Braun-Institut Leibniz-Institut für Höchstfrequenztechnik
SF State astronomer searches for signs of life on Wolf 1061 exoplanet
20.01.2017 | San Francisco State University
For the first time ever, a cloud of ultra-cold atoms has been successfully created in space on board of a sounding rocket. The MAIUS mission demonstrates that quantum optical sensors can be operated even in harsh environments like space – a prerequi-site for finding answers to the most challenging questions of fundamental physics and an important innovation driver for everyday applications.
According to Albert Einstein's Equivalence Principle, all bodies are accelerated at the same rate by the Earth's gravity, regardless of their properties. This...
An important step towards a completely new experimental access to quantum physics has been made at University of Konstanz. The team of scientists headed by...
Yersiniae cause severe intestinal infections. Studies using Yersinia pseudotuberculosis as a model organism aim to elucidate the infection mechanisms of these...
Researchers from the University of Hamburg in Germany, in collaboration with colleagues from the University of Aarhus in Denmark, have synthesized a new superconducting material by growing a few layers of an antiferromagnetic transition-metal chalcogenide on a bismuth-based topological insulator, both being non-superconducting materials.
While superconductivity and magnetism are generally believed to be mutually exclusive, surprisingly, in this new material, superconducting correlations...
Laser-driving of semimetals allows creating novel quasiparticle states within condensed matter systems and switching between different states on ultrafast time scales
Studying properties of fundamental particles in condensed matter systems is a promising approach to quantum field theory. Quasiparticles offer the opportunity...
19.01.2017 | Event News
10.01.2017 | Event News
09.01.2017 | Event News
23.01.2017 | Process Engineering
23.01.2017 | Physics and Astronomy
23.01.2017 | Life Sciences | <urn:uuid:aa7b6e90-54de-4622-ae2b-fce1e0917368> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.innovations-report.com/html/reports/physics-astronomy/report-12570.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282926.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00393-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.903529 | 772 | 3.734375 | 4 |
Of course, this isn't the case for everyone. Otherwise, why would people recommend eating them in the first place? But for some people (myself included), certain "gut-friendly" foods can sometimes feel anything but. I talked to two registered dietitians to get to the bottom of why that can happen, and how to deal with it.
1. You might be going all-in too quickly
“While fermented foods are great for gut health, too much too soon can definitely upset your digestive system," says Sam Presicci, MCN, RD, LD, CPT, Lead Registered Dietitian at Snap Kitchen. "For someone new to fermented, probiotic-rich foods, I always recommend they start slow, having less than the recommended serving and working their way up."
For sauerkraut, for instance, you might start with one tablespoon to get used to it—treat it like a condiment rather than dunking it on or eating with a fork. If you want to try kombucha, she suggests starting with half a bottle per day and see how you feel. Your system needs to get used to new ingredients and you need to be able to pinpoint what might be upsetting your stomach.
2. You're eating too much fiber
The average person should be getting about 25 to 29 grams of fiber per day to enjoy the nutrient's gut-boosting benefits. Eating too much fiber (especially when you're not used to it) can lead to bloating, gas, and other...ahem, fun side effects. Thankfully, the consequences of upping your intake too quickly can largely be mitigated by drinking lots of water.
It's also important to keep an eye on your prebiotic intake, as they're another form of fiber, says Amy Shapiro, MS, RD, CDN and founder of Real Nutrition. "This is the fiber component which helps the bacteria to thrive and stay alive in the gut," she says, and they're often found in probiotic-rich foods. They're a helpful nutrient, yet they don't get digested by the body, which in excess can cause discomfort in some. “Certain yogurts contain probiotics but also contain prebiotics such as inulin, which can cause stomach upset as the body doesn’t digest this ingredient,” says Shapiro.
3. You're mixing the wrong foods
How (and when) you eat your gut-friendly foods can actually affect how it makes you feel. When we pair a gut-friendly food with a protein, for example, digestion slows (since protein takes longer to digest) and this can lead to gas and bloating, says Shapiro.
Timing and pairings matter. Many probiotic supplements should be eaten with food or right before a meal to ensure they survive your stomach's harsh acidic environment. “When it comes to high-fiber foods like cabbage and kraut, I would eat them with a salad and mostly plant-based foods in the beginning to allow for quicker digestion,” says Shapiro. Then follow it with your protein.
4. You may have a food intolerance
If you can’t handle kefir or kimchi well, you might have a food intolerance that’s unrelated to their probiotic powers. “In general, the tolerance of different fermented foods, including fermented veggies, sauerkraut, kimchi, kefir, kombucha, really varies depending on the individual,” says Presicci.
“Signs that you’re not tolerating fermented foods can range from bloating, diarrhea or constipation to skin issues, nausea, headaches and more after eating them,” she says. Each reaction will depend on the reason behind the intolerance, though, and if you do see something off consistently, it’s worth seeing a doctor for an allergy test and discussion.
Histamine intolerance is possible, since fermented foods are generally high in histamine (a compound important for the immune response). “Histamine intolerance can be caused by a genetic mutation or by an imbalance in a person’s gut flora,” says Presicci. This is pretty rare though—it's estimated about 1 percent of people have it. If you get migraines and headaches often after consuming aged cheeses, wine, chocolate, dried fruit, booze, and other triggers that have higher histamine content, and you’re not tolerating fermented foods either, it could point to a histamine issue.
5. You might be sensitive to FODMAPs
FODMAPS, which refers to a group of short-chain carbohydrates including fructose and lactose, are found in certain foods that can lead to poor digestion and irriation in some people. Some probiotic foods, like kombucha, happen to have these FODMAPs, says Shapiro. Kimchi and sauerkraut are part of this family of FODMAP foods, too, as they are cruciferous vegetables and many people have a hard time breaking down their carbohydrate chains, she adds. There are some at-home tests for FODMAP sensitivities, but it's usually best to talk to a doctor for more nuanced support and testing.
Okay, what do I do now?
“If you’re new to fermented foods, make sure to start slow in order to help avoid symptoms. But if you’re having regular negative symptoms, even after consuming small amounts of fermented foods, it’s important to figure out the underlying cause,” says Pressici. If this sounds like you, it's a good idea to pay a visit to a functional medicine doctor for testing and consultation. From there, you need to work closely with your practitioner to manage symptoms and repair your gut, and then start slowly rebuilding your gut flora. Hopefully the bloaty feeling you get with kombucha will be a thing of the past.
Loading More Posts... | <urn:uuid:7b30317f-b4d7-41c1-92b5-4b748b8fcede> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.wellandgood.com/fermented-foods-side-effects/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.956397 | 1,240 | 2.265625 | 2 |
- Citado por SciELO
- Similares em SciELO
versão impressa ISSN 0021-2571
Ann. Ist. Super. Sanità vol.47 no.4 Roma Dez. 2011
ANIMAL-ASSISTED INTERVENTIONS IN MENTAL HEALTH
Approccio evoluzionistico alla comunicazione tra cani e uomini
Department of Ethology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
Dog-human communication has been widely investigated recently for different theoretical reasons, in most cases through dogs' comprehension of human gestural cues. Dogs have been reported to be very skilful in comprehending a variety of human pointing gestures in many independent studies. This paper provides a short overview of the possible explanations behind the dogs' exceptional communicational abilities towards humans from an evolutionary perspective, concluding that the different and seemingly contradictory hypotheses are not exclusive but they might have a synergic effect.
Key words: dogs, communication, pointing, domestication, socialization.
La comunicazione tra cani e uomini è stata oggetto di numerosi recenti studi, soprattutto indirizzati all'analisi della capacità dei cani di comprendere segnali gestuali umani. In numerosi studi i cani hanno dimostrato elevate abilità nella comprensione di una varietà di gesti umani aventi lo scopo di indicare. Questo articolo rappresenta una breve rassegna dei possibili meccanismi alla base dell'eccezionale capacità dei cani di stabilire un sistema comunicativo con l'uomo. A tal proposito, le diverse ipotesi, apparentemente contraddittorie, potrebbero non escludersi vicendevolmente e i meccanismi coinvolti potrebbero aver avuto un effetto sinergico sull'emergenza di tale abilità.
Parole chiave: cani, comunicazione, indicare, domesticazione, socializzazione.
Dog-human communication received increased interest lately in ethology and has been investigated for different theoretical reasons. The most commonly used method for investigating dog-human communication is examining dogs' capacities to utilize human gestural cues, like pointing.
The pointing gesture is a human-specific signal, which is referential in its nature. It is a foundational building block of human communication and omnipresent in our everyday interactions . The fact that the pointing gesture is one of the communicational tools that human infants acquire most rapidly, weeks before the first spoken word, also emphasize its importance in human communication .
In humans the pointing gesture can take many forms in everyday life. Although in most cases we point with the extended arm and index finger ipsilateral to the objects, variations in the position of the upper arm and the hand with respect to the body can be observed.
To investigate the evolutionary roots of the comprehension of this human-specific gesture, different evolutionary approaches have been considered based on either divergent or convergent evolutionary processes.
EVOLUTIONARY MODEL BASED ON DIVERGENT EVOLUTIONARY PROCESSES
This evolutionary approach is based on the observation that the pointing gesture is a uniquely human behaviour that emerges only in our species under natural circumstances . Collecting experimental evidence for such human distinctiveness requires comparative data on humans and related primate species. Differences and similarities could shed light on whether abilities to comprehend pointing gestures are restricted to humans or have some evolutionary antecedents .
For this reason many different primate species have been tested for pointing comprehension, like rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta), capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella), chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), gorillas (Gorilla gorilla), orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus).
EVOLUTIONARY MODEL BASED ON CONVERGENT EVOLUTIONARY PROCESSES
A different line of argument suggests that convergent evolutionary processes could also lead to the emergence of such abilities. Similar environmental effects and selection pressures could also produce appropriate conditions for the emergence of such communicational abilities just like common evolutionary history and divergent evolutionary processes.
For this reason it was suggested that the dog could be a suitable model species for studying early human evolution as well. In the course of the domestication in parallel to earlier human evolution many different abilities have been evolved in dogs, which are analogues with the elements of the human specific behaviour-complex. It is important to note that in this model one can talk only about functional similarities in the behaviour and it is unclear if there are similar mechanisms behind these abilities in the case of humans and dogs.
COMPREHENSION OF HUMAN COMMUNICATIVE SIGNALS IN DOGS
Dogs have been reported to be very skilful in comprehending a variety of human pointing gestures in many independent studies [5-9].
Dogs were found to be able to choose on the basis of both proximal and distal pointing gestures and the same is true if we look at the staticness of the pointing signals. Dogs proved to be very skilful in the case of the momentary pointing gestures as well as in the case of the dynamic and static ones [10, 11]. It appears to make little difference whether pointing is combined with looking at the dog or at the container [6, 9, 12].
Soproni et al. investigated the dogs' visual communicational abilities in a series of experiments, in which dogs were presented with variations of the human pointing gesture: gestures with reversed direction of movement, cross-pointing, and different arm extensions. The use of such relatively unfamiliar variations of the pointing gesture offered the possibility also to test the animal's plasticity and capacity for generalization in understanding this visual signal. The result of this test series suggested that dogs are able to rely also on relatively novel gestural forms of the human communicative pointing gesture. Results of a more recent compara-tive study strengthened these findings showing that dogs are able to utilize also pointing signals by leg .
In addition, Szetei et al. have found support to the hypothesis that dogs regard the pointing gesture as being a communicative act about the placing of the food, as in their experiments dogs were tended to choose the bowl pointed at by the human even when it was contradicted by direct olfactory or visual information (however they do not rely on this gesture blindly).
Besides, Miklósi et al. has demonstrated that dogs are able to use also nodding and head turning as a cue although they are not as proficient users of these signals as they are with pointing. In the case of gazing cues dogs' performance is much lower [5, 7, 15, 16], although Miklósi et al. showed also that some individuals can learn to use the gaze cue just like head turning.
POSSIBLE EXPLANATIONS FOR THE COMPREHENSION OF HUMAN GESTURAL CUES IN DOGS
Effect of domestication
According to Kretchmer and Fox domestication is an evolutionary process, in which one population of a species is reproductively isolated from another intentionally by humans. This reproductive isolation leads to a divergent adaptation and results in a specialization process. As a result of the changes in the selection pressures on the given species, the process of domestication produces evolutionary changes in certain aspects of the characteristic behaviour of the domesticated species just as it affects the anatomy and the morphology of the certain species as well. Such behavioural change in dogs is the decreased level of aggression for example, which is manifested also in morphological changes (e.g. see the morphology of the teeth).
Presumably only those species are suitable for domestication, which have a communicational system understandable for the humans. The domesticated animals had to leave their natural environment and move to a new ("domestic") environment. The most important factor of this new environment is the presence of the humans. For the domesticated animals it was advantageous in the human environment if they have proved to be controllable and have lost their fear of humans. In the case of companion animals living close relationship with the humans like dogs and cats it could have great importance to be able to live together without problems. In the course of the domestication the behaviour of dogs and cats living close to humans has been adapted to the human social environment as it is likely that humans always selected the most adaptable and tamest individuals for further breeding. The human social environment became to the natural environment of these species, in which there are complex communicational interactions with the humans.
According to the domestication hypothesis dogs (and perhaps other domesticated species) are at advantage in comprehending human communicative signals (including pointing) because the process of domestication might have selected for such skills [8, 12, 18]. To test this hypothesis Miklósi et al. compared the communicative abilities of dogs with that of another domesticated species living in a qualitatively similar, close relationship with humans as companion animals, the domestic cat (Felis silvestris). Results of this direct comparison between the two species showed that both dogs and cats were able to choose on the basis of the human gesturing in a twoway object choice task, independently of the staticness and the distance of the pointing signal and there was no significant difference between their performance. In contrast, investigating the dog-human and cat-human communication from the other direction we have found that there were differences in dogs' and cats' behaviour when the subject can freely display behaviour patterns in an unsolvable situation. While dogs tended to use gaze-alternations (to look at the human and back to the hidden food) when they were unable to get the reward themselves, the cats were trying to get the food themselves and looked very rarely at the owner or at the experimenter. Putting these results together, the study of Miklósi et al. found both similarities and differences in interspecific communication in dogs and cats. However we have to note that members of various species have been reported to be able to rely on human cueing in directing their behaviour in a choice situation. Seals [19, 20] and dolphins can also rely on this cue in a two way object choice test, so the high performance of cats in this study presented no surprise. But on the other hand, recent finding that domesticated goats with relatively little human contact are also able to comprehend human pointing gestures also supports the domestication hypothesis. Regarding the differences in eye gazing pattern between dogs and cats, Miklósi et al. suggested that the differences could be explained by a different history of domestication. One could assume that cats have not been selected for preferring eye contact with humans as exploiting this form of social interaction as a potential source of information, and they rather avoid gazing into the eyes of the humans .
Other comparative studies compared the communicational abilities of dogs and intensively socialized wolves. It has been shown that intensively socialized adult wolves can be trained to comprehend human pointing gestures , and according to the more recent findings of Gácsi et al. are able to rely on such gestures also without specific experience. Findings of Gácsi et al. suggested that the development of this skill provides the key difference between dogs and wolves. While 4-month-old wolf cubs do not follow the human pointing gesture, dog puppies of the same age show a rather stable performance . This suggests that wolves react to a lesser degree to intensive socialisation in contrast to dogs. One can assume that genetic changes in the course of domestication allow this skill to emerge earlier in development in dogs .
Another way to investigate the effect of domestication is to examine systematically the role of ontogeny in the development of dogs' abilities of comprehending human social cues. In a recent study Riedel et al. found that in 8-, 16-and 24-week-old dog the puppies rely on different communicative signals to find the hidden food independently of their age. These findings supported the hypothesis that domestication played a critical role in shaping the ability of dogs to follow human-given gestural cues. Wynne et al. however reanalyzed the data of Riedel et al. and concluded that the performance of the puppies improved with age from 6 to 24 weeks. On this basis they emphasized the role of learning during every day interactions with humans and possibly also during the experimental sessions. Wynne et al. contended that the comprehension of a visual signal of an individual of a different species cannot develop independently of experiences in ontogeny.
Regarding the development of dogs' ability to use human pointing signals in a more recent study Gácsi et al. tested 180 dogs of different ages (from 2 months to adults) in order to investigate their performance with the human distal momentary pointing gesture. The results, analyzed at both the group and the individual levels, showed no difference in the performance according to age, indicating that in dogs the comprehension of the human momentary distal pointing may require only very limited and rapid early learning for the full development. Interestingly, neither the keeping conditions nor the time spent in active interaction with the owner, and not even some special (agility) training for using human visual cues, had significant effect on the success and explained individual differences. The performance of the dogs was rather stable over time: also during the 20 trials within a session and even when subsamples of different ages were repeatedly tested.
Further comparative studies investigated the effects of selection for cooperation in dogs and found as well that these communicative abilities in dogs have been shaped by specific selection. Dogs of cooperative working breeds, which are involved in tasks that are based on visual communication with humans show higher performance in pointing comprehension than dogs of non-cooperative working breeds . These findings on differences between certain dog breeds however also draw the attention to the fact that one cannot make simple generalizations about the effects of domestication .
A different line of argument: a by-product of domestication
Hare et al. suggested another theory as an explanation for dogs' unusual ability for reading human communicative signals. Hare et al. agreed that dogs' ability to comprehend human pointing gestures presumably have evolved during the domestication however according to them this evolution did not occur as a result of direct selection for inter-specific communicational abilities but as a correlated by-product of selection against fear and aggression toward humans (similarly as it is the case with numerous morphological and physiological features associated with the domestication process). Hare et al. tested a unique experimental population of fox kits, which were selected over 45 years for approaching humans fearlessly and non-aggressively, and found that these foxes were just as skilful as dog puppies in using human proximal static pointing gestures. On the basis of these results Hare et al. concluded that socio-cognitive evolution has occurred in the experimental foxes, and possibly also in domestic dogs as a correlated by-product of selection on systems mediating fear and aggression, and it is likely the observed social cognitive evolution did not require direct selection for improved social cognitive ability .
Effect of enculturation and socialization
Recent comparative studies have shown that living in human social environment has a strong effect on communicational abilities of different animal species considering the comprehension of human visual signals . This explains the controversial results with chimpanzees in experiments examining the comprehension of the human pointing gesture. Povinelli et al. found that chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) are not able to comprehend the pointing gesture without previous training, while Itakura and Tanaka found that enculturated chimpanzees and an enculturated orangutan (Pongo pygmeus) showed high performance in similar tasks even without previous training. Similarly controversial results were found considering the comprehension of gazing. While according to Povinelli et al. chimpanzees are not able to comprehend the direction of human gazing as a communicative cue Itakura and Tanaka found that enculturated chimpanzees performed above 90% in similar experiments.
These controversial results emphasize that besides the genetic differences, the socialization of the animals also has a great effect on the communicational abilities of the different species. Dogs' natural environment nowadays is the human family. It has been argued that dogs' unique communicational abilities toward humans can be explained by their close social relationship with the humans in the family, that is they learn to respond the human social signals in the course of their everyday life.
In the human family dogs share the social environment with human infants and so they have the chance to experience similar communicational events during their early socialization. Dogs are often described as important family members [32-34], moreover some studies on dog-human interaction describe dog-human relationship as an interspecific parental contact [35-37]. Pet-directed speech also shares similarities with 'motherese" used to talk to infants ("doggerel" see ).
In a series of experiments we compared the communicative skills of dogs and human infants of different ages . Varying different types of pointing gesture, the first goal of this study was to find a period of human development in which children and dogs display similar levels of performance, while the second aim was to gather comparative evidence on the ability to generalize to unfamiliar gestures in both species. Our results showed little difference in the performance of 2-year-old children and dogs, while 3-year-old children's performance was high in all cases. The results also showed that to some extent all subjects were able to generalize from their previous experience to relatively novel directional gestures. These findings suggested that at least at the functional level dogs show a similar performance as 2 year-olds that can be explained as a joint outcome of their evolutionary history and their socialization in a human environment .
Learning through associative processes
As a possible hypothesis it has also been argued that all experimental evidence collected so far on pointing comprehension in dogs (and in other species as well) can be explained by "simple conditioning processes" . It is widely accepted that dogs can learn about the significance of numerous different visual and acoustic stimuli . However in the case of pointing comprehension it seems unlikely that dogs' exceptional ability to understand human visual cues would be the result only of associative learning as they can use various forms of the pointing gesture as directional cues also from a greater distance and when the cue can be seen only for a second.
Still, it has been repeatedly claimed that the successful performance is the result of rapid learning and nowadays there is a heating debate regarding the role of learning in the comprehension of human communicative cues also during the experimental sessions [25, 26]. Although the role of learning cannot be excluded in the development of dogs' communicational skills, results of numerous studies contradict this hypothesis. It was shown that in the case of socialized young wolves the extensive human contact in itself was insufficient for a good performance . In addition, no evidence was found for learning over the trials and tests in independent studies with different species (goats: , chimpanzees: , seals: ). Besides, there is experimental evidence that if non-social cues are used for discrimination in similar settings, neither dogs nor chimpanzees were able to learn the discrimination task, what also provides support against the hypothesis that dogs' pointing comprehension would be a result only of associative learning.
In conclusion, at present it seems unlikely that pointing comprehension can be explained by a simple one factorial theory. The hypotheses listed above are not exclusive and might have a synergic effect. Gácsi et al. also claimed that evolutionary and epigenetic positive feedback processes have both increased the readiness of dogs to attend to humans, providing the basis for dog-human communication.
The research described here was supported by the European Union (NEST 012787, LIREC-215554). The authors are grateful to all the owners who participated in this research for their support throughout the study.
Conflict of interest statement
There are no potential conflicts of interest or any financial or personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately bias conduct and findings of this study.
1. Kita S. Pointing: A foundational building block of human communication. In: Kita S (Ed.). Pointing: where language, culture, and cognition meet. Hillsdale: Erlbaum; 2003. p. 1-8. [ Links ]
2. Butterworth G. Pointing is the royal road to language for babies. In: Kita S (Ed.). Pointing: where language, culture, and cognition meet. Hillsdale: Erlbaum; 2003. p. 9-33. [ Links ]
3. Miklósi Á, Soproni K. A comparative analysis of the animals' understanding of the human pointing gesture. Anim Cogn 2006;9:81-94. [ Links ]
4. Povinelli DJ, Giambrone S. Inferring other minds: failure of the argument by analogy. Philos Topics 1999;27:167-97. [ Links ]
5. Hare B, Call J, Tomasello M. Communication of food location between human and dog (Canis familiaris). Evolution of Communication 1998;2:137-59. [ Links ]
6. Hare B, Tomasello M. Domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) use human and conspecific social cues to locate hidden food. J Comp Psychol 1999;113:173-7. [ Links ]
7. McKinley J, Sambrook TD. Use of human-given cues by domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) and horses (Equus caballus). Anim Cogn 2000;3:13-22. [ Links ]
8. Miklósi Á, Polgárdi R, Topál J, Csányi V. Use of experimenter-given cues in dogs. Anim Cogn 1998;1:113-21. [ Links ]
9. Soproni K, Miklósi Á, Topál J, Csányi, V. Comprehension of human communicative signs in pet dogs (Canis familiaris). J Comp Psychol 2001;115:122-6. [ Links ]
10. Miklósi Á, Pongrácz P, Lakatos G, Topál J, Csányi V. A comparative study of the use of visual communicative signals in interactions between dogs (Canis familiaris) and humans and cats (Felis catus) and humans. J Comp Psychol 2005;119:179-86. [ Links ]
11. Soproni K, Miklósi Á, Topál J, Csányi V. Dogs' (Canis familiaris) responsiveness to human pointing gestures. J Comp Psychol 2002;116:27-34. [ Links ]
12. Hare B, Brown M, Williamson C, Tomasello M. The domestication of social cognition in dogs. Science 2002;298:1634-6. [ Links ]
13. Lakatos G, Soproni K, Dóka A, Miklósi Á. A comparative approach to dogs' (Canis familiaris) and human infants' comprehension of various forms of pointing gestures. Anim Cogn 2009;12:621-31. [ Links ]
14. Szetei V, Miklósi Á, Topál J, Csányi V. When dogs seem to lose their nose: an investigation on the use of visual and olfactory cues in communicative context between dog and owner. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2003;83:141-52. [ Links ]
15. Agnetta B, Hare B, Tomasello M. Cues to food locations that domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) of different ages do and do not use. Anim Cogn 2000;3:107-12. [ Links ]
16. Bräuer J, Kaminski J, Riedel J, Call J, Tomasello M. Making inferences about the location of hidden food: Social dog – causal ape. J Comp Psychol 2006;120:38-47.
17. Kretchmer KR, Fox MW. Effects of domestication on animal behaviour. Vet Rec 1975;96:102-8. [ Links ]
18. Kaminski J, Riedel J, Call J, Tomasello M. Domestic goats (Capra hircus) follow gaze direction and use some social cues in an object choice task. Anim Behav 2005;69:11-8. [ Links ]
19. Scheumann M, Call J. The use of experimenter-given cues by South African fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus). Anim Cogn 2004;7:224-31. [ Links ]
20. Shapiro AD, Janik VM, Slater PJB. A gray seal's (Halichoerus grypus) responses to experimenter-given pointing and directional cues. J Comp Psychol 2003;117:355-62. [ Links ]
21. Herman LM, Abichandani SL, Elhajj AN, Herman EYK, Sanchez JL, Pack AA. Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) comprehend the referential character of the human pointing gesture. J Comp Psychol 1999;113:347-64. [ Links ]
22. Udell MA, Dorey NR, Wynne CD. Wolves outperform dogs in following human social cues. Anim Behav 2008;76:1767-73. [ Links ]
23. Gácsi M, Kara E, Belényi B, Topál J, Miklósi Á. The effect of development and individual differences in pointing comprehension of dogs. Anim Cogn 2009;12:471-9. [ Links ]
24. Miklósi Á, Kubinyi E, Topál J, Gácsi M, Virányi Zs, Csányi V. A simple reason for a big difference: wolves do not look back at humans but dogs do. Current Biology 2003;13:763-6. [ Links ]
25. Riedel J, Schumann K, Kaminski J, Call J, Tomasello M. The early ontogeny of human–dog communication. Anim Behav 2008;75:1003-14.
26. Wynne CDL, Udell MAR, Lord KA. Ontogeny's impacts on human–dog communication. Anim Behav 2008;76:1-4.
27. Gácsi M, Gyári B, Virányi Zs, Kubinyi E, Kubinyi E, Range F, Belényi B, Miklósi Á. Explaining dog wolf differences in utilizing human pointing gestures: selection for synergistic shifts in the development of some social skills. Plos ONE 2009;4:e6584. [ Links ]
28. Hare B, Plysusnina I, Ignacio N, Schepina O, Stepika A, Wrangham R, Trut L. Social cognitive evolution in captive foxes is a correlated by-product of experimental domestication. Current Biology 2005;15:226-30. [ Links ]
29. Call J, Tomasello M. The effect of humans on the cognitive development of apes. In: Russon AE, Bard KA, Parker ST (Ed.). Reaching into thought. New York: Cambridge University Press; 1996. [ Links ]
30. Povinelli, DJ, Bierschwale DT, Cech CG. Comprehension of seeing as a referential act in young children, but not juvenile chimpanzees. Br J Dev Psychol 1999:17:37-60. [ Links ]
31. Itakura S, Tanaka M. Use of experimenter-given cues during object choice tasks by chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), and orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) and human infants (Homo sapiens). J Comp Psychol 1998;112:119-26. [ Links ]
32. Albert A, Bulcroft K. Pets and urban life. Anthrozoös 1987; 1:9-25. [ Links ]
33. Albert A, Bulcroft K. Pets, families, and the life course. J Marriage Fam 1988;50:543-52. [ Links ]
34. Cain AO. Pet as family members. In: Sussman A (Ed.). Pets and the family. New York: The Haworth Press; 1985. p. 5-10. [ Links ]
35. Hirsch-Pasek K, Treiman R. Doggerel: motherese in a new context. J Child Lang 1981;9:229-37. [ Links ]
36. Mitchell RW. Americans' talk to dogs: Similarities and differences with talk to infants. Research on Language and Social Interaction 2001;34:183-210. [ Links ]
37. Prato-Previde E, Fallani G, Valsecchi P. Gender differences in owners interacting with pet dogs: an observational study. Ethology 2006;112:64-73. [ Links ]
38. Kaminski J, Call J, Fischer J. Word learning in a domestic dog: evidence for "fast mapping". Science 2004;304:1682-3. [ Links ]
39. Povinelli DJ, Reaux JE, Bierschwale DT, Allain AD, Simon BB. Exploitation of pointing as a referential gesture in young children, but not adolescent chimpanzees. Cogn Dev 1997;12: 423-61. [ Links ]
40. Jenkins WO. A spatial factor in chimpanzee learning. J Comp Psychol 1943;35:81-4. [ Links ]
Address for correspondence:
Department of Ethology, Eötvös Loránd University
Pázmány Péter s 1/c
1117, Budapest, Hungary
Submitted on invitation.
Accepted on 4 October 2011. | <urn:uuid:e970dbf5-7cf1-4b6e-8ccf-cded7422f19d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.scielosp.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0021-25712011000400008&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=en | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00313-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.910479 | 6,319 | 2.296875 | 2 |
German journalist, publisher, and editor of the Vienna "Neue Freie Presse"; born at Gnatschitz, Moravia, May 27, 1849. On attaining his majority he chose journalism as a profession, contributing with considerable success to various dailies and periodicals in Germany. In 1872 he joined the staff of the "Neue Freie Presse," becoming editor of the economic section in 1879. The two years following he devoted to the publication of a series of articles on economic, commercial, and financial subjects, which articles attracted considerable attention. In 1880 he became chief editor.
- Das Geistige Wien, p. 27;
- Kohut, Berühmte Israelitische Männer und Frauen, xii. p. 139;
- Kürschner, Deutscher Lit. Kalendar, p. 78. | <urn:uuid:559357e1-7830-4b30-9eed-ae97bcc91969> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/2934-benedikt-moritz | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718423.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00271-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.899004 | 186 | 2.03125 | 2 |
DeKalb Library - Local History & Photos
Located on bustling Bushwick Avenue in the neighborhood of the same name, DeKalb Library originally opened its doors on February 11, 1905. One of Brooklyn’s most beautiful Carnegie branches, the building was designed by the Brooklyn architect William Tubby in the Classical Revival style. Many of the original features in this three-bay brick and limestone building remain today, including its spacious, high-ceilinged reading rooms.
DeKalb Library has become a local tech hangout for patrons of all ages. Its most popular programs include Teen Tech Time and the Library Hotspot program, which allows patrons without high-speed internet access at home to borrow a mobile WiFi device for up to a year. Located near several homeless shelters, the branch provides social services like résumé help and job search assistance.
Did you know?
Peter Stuyvesant chartered the area known today as Bushwick in 1661. The neighborhood was originally called Boswijk, Dutch for “little town in the woods.” | <urn:uuid:0e18ca5c-b031-47ae-a1c3-cc9be105d789> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bklynlibrary.org/locations/dekalb/photos | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00358-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961587 | 217 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Window planter boxes give the illusion of a cottage home when filled with full blooming flowers. Window boxes are usually made from cedar wood or painted to match the house siding or accent color. Although the boxes are commonly hung under a window, the same box style works well on a patio or porch railing. A basic pattern allows for creating window boxes of various sizes for use throughout the garden.
Choose the size of the window box, which should be based on the dimensions of the window it will hang under. A 30- or 36-inch-long box is common.
Cut two sections of wood to the desired length for the front and back of the box. For example, cut two 36-inch-long sections that are 6 inches wide. Cut one section of wood that is the same length as the front and back pieces but 2 inches wider, as this piece is the bottom and fits under the edges of the box. For example, cut the board 36 inches long and 8 inches wide. Cut two sections for the sides that will fit with the width and depth chosen for size. For example, cut two pieces of wood that are 6 by 6 inches.
Sand the wood pieces, and paint or stain them prior to assembly to save time. Note that oil-based paint does not require sealing. Wood boxes made of cedar do not need to be painted or sealed.
Drill holes in each corner of the front, back and bottom pieces prior to assembling the box. In the center of the bottom piece, drill a hole that is approximately 1 inch in diameter for a drainage hole.
Temporarily attach the front and back pieces to the side pieces with wood glue. Screw 1 1/3-inch galvanized screws through the predrilled holes to fasten the front and back pieces to the sides. This creates the box shell.
Glue the bottom piece to the box shell. Screw the bottom piece to the box section with 1 1/3-inch galvanized screws.
Drill a hole with a 1/2-inch diameter on the back of the box for each hanger bolt. The holes should be 1 1/2 inches down from the top and approximately 1/4 inch from the ends of the box. Mark the location of the holes on the house so they will line up. Drill a 1/2-inch hole into the side of the house at each marking. Install the two hanger bolts so at least 2 inches protrude. Hang the box on the bolts. Fasten a washer followed by a nut to each bolt hanger to hold the box in place. | <urn:uuid:7b2faae8-efcc-434e-af39-ebb4374355e9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.gardenguides.com/74701-build-window-boxes.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00334-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.904476 | 532 | 1.984375 | 2 |
In the Name of the People: a report on death sentences issued in 2018 and an analysis of the application of the death penalty in Egyptian courts
Today the Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights and the Adalah Center for Rights and Freedoms issued a joint report titled “In the Name of the People,” the second annual report on the death penalty in Egypt, covering the period from January to December 2018.
The report reviews and documents death sentences issued in Egypt throughout 2018 and attempts to analyze patterns of handing down death sentences verdicts by Egyptian courts, tracking quantitative and qualitative shifts in the application of the death penalty—the maximum penalty in criminal law and the only irreversible penalty. The report is divided into two parts: the first part reviews death sentence verdicts issued in 2018; the second part details rights violations of defendants sentenced to death during prosecution and trial and post-decision, on death rowand during execution. These violations raise serious doubts about the integrity of the investigations and trial procedures that end in death sentences for defendants.
Part one of the report offers a chronological review of death sentences issued in 2018 by both civil and military courts based on court records collected by the research team from first-instance criminal courts, the Cassation Court, and the Supreme Military Appeals Court. This section includes reviews some of these cases with detail, including three cases in which the Cassation Court upheld death sentences issued by lower courts, five cases of death sentences issued by first-instance civil criminal courts, and one case in which the Supreme Military Appeals Court upheld death sentences against civilian defendants.
Part two investigates rights violations experienced by defendants sentenced to death during prosecution and trial, dividing these violations into six types: enforced disappearance, torture and other forms of cruel and degrading treatment, violations of the right of defense, the court’s excessive reliance on anonymously sourced police investigation reports, and the filming and the broadcasting of defendants’ confessions before and during trial, and even after the handing down of death sentences. Finally this section also looks at violations after sentencing, while the condemned prisoners are awaiting execution and during execution. According to our count, 65 people were on death row awaiting execution in 2018. While this report was in production, the authorities executed 15 people in 3 cases and accepted the petition of two defendants to reduce the sentence in a military case in February 2019.
Based on the data analysis conducted by the research team since 2017, there has been a notable increase in the recourse to the death penalty, and this increase continued in 2018. Death sentences in both political as well as ordinary criminal cases increased last year, but 2018 saw a particularly steep rise in ordinary criminal cases unrelated to crimes or charges of terrorism, or crimes and charges classified in the penal code as crimes doing harm to government or state security internally or externally, or other cases that have a political nature. This upward trend was matched by another, more worrying trend, of the Cassation Court, the highest civilian court in the country, increasingly upholding death sentences. This suggests that courts are abandoning their historically cautious position on the death penalty, and, based on our analysis of 2018 data, that this increasingly less cautiousapproach to the application of anirreversible penalty has extended to all parts of the criminal justice system.
The report makes the following recommendations:
Issue an immediate moratorium on the death sentence, even temporary, to allow a societal debate on abolition, in line with the Egyptian government’s proposal made during voting on the death penalty in the 36th session of the UN Human Rights Council (6th amendment, L41).
Sign and ratify the second optional protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights aiming at the abolition of the death penalty.
Sign and ratify the optional protocol to the International Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment.
The Egyptian government should fulfill its obligations toward the Convention against Torture, which it has signed and Article 2(1) of which states, “Each State Party shall take effective legislative, administrative, judicial or other measures to prevent acts of torture in any territory under its jurisdiction.” The Egyptian government must therefore take action to adopt a dedicated law that criminalizes torture.
Sign and ratify the International Convention on the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance.
The parliament should review the Penal Code and laws on terrorism, military sentences, and drug crimes to reduce the number of crimes that carry the death penalty. Such a penalty should only be used for the most serious crimes and within the narrowest scope. The law on critical facilities should also be amended to disallow the referral of defendants charged in crimes that carry the death penalty to any exceptional or military tribunal for any reason.
Review the Code of Criminal Procedure to plug loopholes that allow the violation of defendants’ rights and the right of defense and to make it consistent with the Egyptian constitution. We specifically demand the amendment of Article 124, which gives interrogators the right to begin questioning suspects immediately absent a lawyer in cases of crimes caught in the act or due to fears of the loss of evidence. We demand that defendants facing a charge carrying the death penalty be entitled to competent legal services and to have the right to choose their attorney.
In their judgments and sentencing, the judicial authorities should not rely on police investigation reports unless they are supported by irrefutable evidence and not merely desk reports. Investigating bodies should be required to refer defendants to a forensic pathologist if they allege torture or any external injuries are apparent on their bodies during questioning. , timely and questioning of the responsible parties should ensue.. Defendants’ allegations of enforced disappearance and unlawful detention should also be investigated.
Release and make available the annual reports of the Dar el Ifta’ in regard to the Grand Mufti’s opinions on the death penalty; such reports have not been published since 2012.
Finally, the Interior Ministry should refrain from publishing videos of defendants filmed during questioning, which constitutes a basic violation of the right to a fair trial and the presumption of innocence. | <urn:uuid:af4f5af8-bea7-46d1-8330-b05b9e3bb1e8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.eipr.org/en/press/2019/03/name-people-report-death-penalty-2018 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570767.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808061828-20220808091828-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.953542 | 1,228 | 1.859375 | 2 |
A profound shift in the U.S. population is bringing unprecedented changes in American life and what it means to be an older adult. Over the past decade, the number of older adults in the U.S. grew by a third to more than 54 million, including a 52% increase in Arizona’s older adult population. U.S. Census data show that by 2034, the number of Americans age 65 and older will for the first time outnumber those under 18.
Experts at the University of Arizona Health Sciences are leading a university-wide, collaborative effort to navigate this massive population shift through a new strategic initiative, Innovations in Healthy Aging. Researchers, professors and leaders in diverse professions such as public health, nursing, pharmacy, medicine, geriatrics, engineering, law and architecture are building networks and developing solutions for people to live their best lives as they age.
The initiative’s goals are to enhance the health of an aging population by creating inclusive, safe and supportive environments that encourage physical activity, healthy nutrition, social interaction and engagement; and to promote independence, self-management and a continuing sense of purpose by leveraging technology and providing physical, emotional and cognitive support.
“More people are living for a longer period of time, which is a great thing,” said Kathleen Insel, PhD, RN, a professor at the UArizona College of Nursing. “As people live longer lives, the challenge for us as a society is to develop ways to benefit from the wisdom and experiences of older adults, while at the same time growing the workforce to support an aging population, and creating educational opportunities and improving quality of life for older adults.”
Building connections to promote healthy aging
Approximately 24% of people 65 and older report being socially isolated, with 43% of adults over the age of 60 reporting feeling lonely, according to a 2020 study by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine. One goal of Innovations in Healthy Aging is to create an environment where older adults can become part of the university community.
“We have a rapidly growing aging population that really needs us to come up with solutions – now.”Mindy Fain, MD
To that end, UArizona Health Sciences leaders are pursuing the Age-Friendly University designation from the Gerontological Society of America and its Academy for Gerontology in Higher Education. The designation is earned after meeting 10 principles that promote age inclusivity, such as engaging the local retired community, widening educational opportunities for adults and ensuring the university's research agenda is informed by the needs of older Americans.
Older adults will be invited to participate in a variety of events that promote healthy aging. Some activities, such as poetry circles and classes that promote physical movement and use music to connect with the university, are already engaging the local community.
Developing healthy aging solutions through research
“How do we help people be at their peak, regardless of the challenges they face?” asked Esther Sternberg, MD, associate director of research for Innovations in Healthy Aging and a professor at the UArizona College of Medicine – Tucson. “No matter their age, their circumstances, their socioeconomic status, their educational level – how do we help them to be their best self?
“We have expertise across the university – a growing and critical mass of amazing researchers, clinicians and educators – who are positioned to make an impact through research. The Innovations in Healthy Aging research component is already supporting efforts through Healthy Aging Seed Grants and workshops that will bring researchers together across the university to solve the complex problems of aging.”
Researchers including BIO5 Institute members Roberta Diaz Brinton, PhD, director of the UArizona Health Sciences Center for Innovation in Brain Science, Janko Nikolich-Zugich, MD, PhD, co-director of the UArizona Center on Aging and head of the Department of Immunobiology in the UArizona College of Medicine – Tucson, and Carol Barnes, PhD, Regents Professor of psychology in the UArizona College of Science, are among faculty members helping define what it means to age well.
Through a $60 million grant from the National Institutes of Health, Dr. Barnes will lead the Precision Aging Network, which will bring together researchers from across the country to better understand how and why people experience brain aging differently, with the ultimate goal of developing more effective treatments and interventions targeted to the individual.
Other research will focus on creating environments, whether inside or outdoors to optimize health and well-being. It’s an area of expertise for Dr. Sternberg, who also is founding director of the UArizona Institute on Place, Wellbeing and Performance, research director at the UArizona Andrew Weil Center for Integrative Medicine and a member of the BIO5 Institute.
“We hope in the next five years wearable devices will send signals on the status of your health, not just physical activity – which is what the current wearable devices do – but posture, sleep quality, stress and heart rate variability,” she said, adding that the future of smart buildings will be to offer automatic adaptive environments using that data.
Eventually, UArizona Health Sciences researchers hope to work with community leaders to help create a senior living residence that would provide optimal support for older adults, including integrated monitoring devices and adaptive technologies.
“The aging population is increasing every year in developed and developing countries,” said Altaf Engineer, PhD, assistant professor in the UArizona College of Architecture, Planning and Landscape Architecture and research faculty at the Institute on Place, Wellbeing and Performance. “Everything we are doing today in the field of the built environment, which includes state-of-the-art technologies, construction methods, building systems and technologies, need to be geared toward the aging population. If you design for age-friendly environments, these will also be conducive to the health and well-being of the rest of the population.”
Educating with a focus on healthy aging
Workforce development is an important component in meeting the needs of an aging population, and one Innovations in Healthy Aging is addressing through education and training.
“Clinicians, students and trainees of all disciplines need to be prepared to address the complex needs of older adults,” said Mindy Fain, MD, co-director of the UArizona Center on Aging and the Anne and Alden Hart Endowed Chair in Medicine. “We want to promote students and trainees in the pursuit of a career in aging. We have a rapidly growing aging population that really needs us to come up with solutions – now.”
One way educators are doing that is through the development of curricula specific to aging. Many of the faculty involved in Innovations in Healthy Aging also are involved with another strategic initiative, UArizona Health Sciences International.
Earlier this year, Health Sciences International unveiled a graduate certificate in aging to better prepare students to meet the needs of an aging population. A master’s degree in aging is currently in development, and the hope is that students will eventually be able to complete a doctorate in aging at UArizona Health Sciences. | <urn:uuid:6d07053f-608d-4940-8f91-1e0e11daf7e1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://healthsciences.arizona.edu/tomorrow/improving-life-aging-population | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571472.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811133823-20220811163823-00679.warc.gz | en | 0.950719 | 1,462 | 2.46875 | 2 |
Delusion: "an idiosyncratic belief or impression that is firmly maintained despite being contradicted by what is generally accepted as reality or rational argument, typically a symptom of mental disorder." - wikipedia
“I now believe there is a God...I now think it [the evidence] does point to a creative Intelligence almost entirely because of the DNA investigations. What I think the DNA material has done is that it has shown, by the almost unbelievable complexity of the arrangements which are needed to produce life, that intelligence must have been involved in getting these extraordinarily diverse elements to work together.”
― Antony Flew
Educate: to develop the faculties and powers of (a person) by teaching, instruction, or schooling.
A thorough examination of atheism showing why atheism is wrong. In addition, the article shows the harmful effects of atheism to both individuals and society. Highlights of the history of atheism is also presented.
by Dr. Tim Stanley
Writing in the Daily Telegraph blog, Dr. Tim Stanley examines Richard Dawkins's refusal to debate the world's leading Christian debater, Dr.William Lane Craig...
Dawkins's Use of Discredited Research
by The Daily Telegraph
Five pages of The God Delusion (p. 222-226) is devoted to the promotion of 'research' by discredited scientist Marc Hauser...
Why I Believe Again
by A.N. Wilson
Writing in the New Statesman, former atheist A.N. Wilson explains why he again believes in God...
The Theory of Evolution
A major article critiquing the theory of evolution...
Darwin's Rottweiler and the Public Understanding of Scientism
by Peter S. Williams
This devastating article exposes 11 logical fallacies committed by Richard Dawkins in his books...
God vs. Science
by Francis Collins & Richard Dawkins
Read the exchange of views between Francis Collins and Richard Dawkins in Time Magazine.
The God Delusion
by Marilynne Robinson
Hysterical Scientism: The Ecstasy of Richard Dawkins (from Harper's Magazine)
BeThinking Articles on Atheism
A dozen or more articles on Dawkins, science, faith and The God Delusion.
Lunging, Flailing, Mispunching
by Terry Eagleton
An article by Terry Eagleton criticising Dawkins's ability and skill in attempting to destroy Christian theology
Atheist with a Mission
by Philip Bell
Zoologist Philip Bell examines The God Delusion by Richard Dawkins, answering his arguments on design, morality, child abuse and more.
In The Magic Man in the Sky, Carl Gallups has given us an exciting insight into the many unanswered questions of evolution theory and, based on biblical truths – both prophecies and promises, the possibilities of other worlds and realities denied by evolutionists. With his open and frank approach, supported by extensive research and information from learned professionals in their respective fields, Carl challenges believers and unbelievers to take a serious look at the subjects discussed in this book. Ultimately, Carl invites every reader to seriously consider the gravity and consequences of accepting or rejecting the truth presented. In this hour of all-but-universal darkness, a bright ray of hope and confidence shines forth from the truths of this book. In a time when lives are marked by a growing hunger for spiritual realities, Carl Gallups reveals the truth that real science and Holy Scripture are inseparably linked to verify that behind all creation there is an intelligent designer who created all that exists.
Unlocking the Mystery of Life DVD This is without doubt the most powerful documentary ever produced exposing the flaws in Darwinism. Using state-of-the-art computer animation and featuring leading pioneering scientists, this stunning presentation makes an irrefutable case for purposeful creation by an intelligent creator. Featuring top-notch, contemporary scientists who are advancing a powerful idea - "the theory of intelligent design" - this DVD transports you into the interior of the living cell to explore systems and machines that bear the unmistakable hallmarks of design. Discover the intricacy of a microscopic bacterial rotary motor, which spins at 100,000 rpm. Within the nucleus explore the wonder of DNA, a thread-like molecule that stores instructions to build the essential components of every living organism. It is part of a biological information processing system more complex and more powerful than any computer network. This compelling documentary examines an idea with the power to revolutionize our understanding of life... and to unlock the mystery of its origin. ''An extraordinary production'' - Movieguide. 65 minutes + 45 minutes of extras.
by: Illustra Media
The Case for A Creator DVD An explosive DVD that brings to life powerful evidence from the natural world for the existence of God - in a stunning cutting edge production from Illustra Media. At high school Lee Strobel became convinced that God did not exist. Only the hard, empirical evidence of science could be trusted - and it appeared to point to a universe created by purely materialistic processes. Time, chance, and Darwinian evolution. The cosmos is all there is. This atheistic worldview deeply influenced Strobel’s academic years and early career as an award-winning journalist for the Chicago Tribune. Then, in 1980, his wife’s conversion to Christ led him on an intensive search for the truth about God. Not surprisingly, he began with science. What do the discoveries of modern biology, physics, cosmology, and astronomy really tell us about the origin of life and the universe? When objectively considered, does contemporary scientific evidence point toward or away from a supernatural Creator? Strobel interviewed scientists and scholars from a wide range of disciplines for the answers. Based upon a New York Times best-seller, The Case for a Creator, this is a truly remarkable film about Lee Strobel’s journey from spiritual scepticism to a profound faith in the God who has etched His indelible signature upon every galaxy and each living cell; the same Creator now revealed more clearly than ever before by 21st century science. Bonus Features: Questions and answers with scientists - Internet reference library - The Machinery of life - How did life begin?Running time: 60 minutes with a further 40 minutes of bonus material.
by: Illustra Media with Lee Strobel
Privileged Planet DVD The factors necessary for a planet to be suitable for life cannot be brought about by chance. That's the basic message of this stunning DVD, The Privileged Planet. A whole host of rare and finely-tuned characteristics must be in place for life to exist on earth and the scientists featured on this DVD conclude that the earth, the solar system and the universe can only therefore have been designed intelligently by a creator. Contrary to the atheistic views of Carl Sagan and others, earth is not an ordinary planet in an ordinary spiral galaxy. It is without doubt the most extraordinary planet in the entire universe. This DVD is narrated by John Rhys-Davies. Running time: 60 minutes. Contains over 40 min of bonus material.
by: Illustra Media
Does God Exist? DVD Debate Does God exist? No question comes bigger than this. So, what if the sharpest, most quick-witted atheist in the world could be pitted against the most knowledgeable and learned Christian debater of our times - who would win? Such an event was staged in The Carter Presidential Center in Atlanta, Georgia, USA on April 3, 1998. It was a memorable two and a half hour debate in which the weaknesses and fallacies of atheism were thoroughly and convincingly exposed. Atheistic Oxford Professor, Peter Atkins (friend of Richard Dawkins, author of the God Delusion) finished up contradicting his own writings before the night was over.
by: William Lane Craig vs. Peter Atkins
Lucy - She's No LadyConfused about 'Lucy', the australopithecine (southern Ape) that is claimed to be an early ancestor of man? Ph.D. biologist and anatomist Dr. David Menton exposes Lucy as a fraud and leaves no doubt that the famous Lucy fossils belong to a knuckle-walking, ape-like creature who was not a lady! The importance of this case cannot be overstressed since Lucy forms the centre-piece of London's Natural History Museum's exhibit on so-called 'human evolution'.
by: Dr. David Menton
Does God Exist? DVD Debate On April 4, 2009, William Lane Craig and Christopher Hitchens met at Biola University to debate the question of God's existence. Craig is one of the world's foremost Christian apologists. Hitchens is a leading spokesman for the "new atheism" movement. In front of an overflow crowd and a global internet audience, they debated the origin and design of the universe, the implications of human morality, the deity of Jesus, and the validity of Christ's resurrection. It was a compelling clash of worldviews and an examination of the major arguments for and against Christianity and atheism. This two-DVD set captures every moment of the debate (documented by 10 cameras). Bonus features include the pre-debate press conference, a question-and-answer session, and interviews with Hitchens and Craig. Does God Exist? is a vital resource for anyone who doubts the Christian faith-or seeks convincing evidence to defend it.
by: Christopher Hitchens vs. William Lane Craig
Dynamic Life: Changes in Living Things DVD Is evolution happening all around us? Do the small changes we see within families of animals imply that one family has evolved into another over millions of years? Can natural selection and mutation fit into a Biblical framework? Did God place all the animals and plants as they exist today in the garden of Eden? Does present day variation within an animal family allow us to believe that birds can evolve into dinosaurs? Dr. Carl Weiland discusses these questions and give some much needed focus to a lot of woolly thinking in this area, enabling the viewer to better understand the changes evolution claims to be able to make, and why such changes are impossible, even given millions of years.
by: Dr. Carl Weiland
The Hearing Ear and the Seeing Eye A fascinating presentation from Dr. David Menton revealing the wonderful intricacies of the human ear and eye. This DVD emphasizes the inability of the gradual Darwinian model to build these amazing systems. A unique and powerful DVD that exposes the false theories of Richard Dawkins's in his Blind Watchmaker wherein he postulates the idea that a complex eye can gradually evolve from simple beginnings.
by: Dr. David Menton
Expelled - No Intelligence Allowed DVD In this DVD Richard Dawkins states that the molecular structure of life could have been designed...by aliens (but not God, of course). 'Expelled' is a film produced by Ben Stein which contends that academics who criticize evolution are very often expelled from academia. 'Expelled' opened in 1,052 theaters, more than any other documentary before it, and grossed over $2,900,000 in its first weekend, the third biggest opening for a documentary. The New York Times described it as "a conspiracy-theory rant masquerading as investigative inquiry" and "an unprincipled propaganda piece that insults believers and nonbelievers alike." That's how good it really is.
by: Ben Stein
Can Atheism Save Europe? DVD Debate At the Edinburgh International Festival in 2009, Prof. John Lennox debated Christopher Hitchens on the subject, "Can Atheistm Save Europe?" A New Europe is emerging from the old order and with it, a modern version of an old philosophy. Dubbed the "New Atheism", its advocates are calling for the adandonment of Europe's religious heritage and the adoption of an aggressive secularism. Religion is detrimental to society, they argue. Indeed, in the words of Christopher Hitchens, it "poisons everything". Some, such as Professor John Lennox, strongly disagree. They maintain that, far from undermining society, the preservation of religious thought, and Christianity in particular, is vital to the survival of Western civilization. All this leads to the inevitable questions: Should atheism replace Christianity in Europe? Does atheism have a better record than Christianity? And finally: Where would the New Atheism lead the New Europe? The audience voted by a show of hands that John Lennox won this debate.
by: Christopher Hitchens vs. John Lennox
Evolution - The Grand Experiment DVD (Part 1) Filmed on 3 continents and in seven countries over a 12-year period, this DVD features highlights from 12 dig sites, 60 museums, and many universities. Narrated by Andres Williams of London, this episode documents many misleading Darwinian museum displays, science magazine articles, and television documentaries including 'dinosaurs with feathers' and 'walking whales'. Watch committed evolutionists admit to lack of evidence, speculation promoted as fact and missing links of huge proportions. A shocking and eye-opening presentation.Dr Carl Werner received his undergraduate degree in biology, with distinction, at the University of Missouri, graduating summa cum laude. He received his doctoral degree in medicine at the age of 23. He was the recipient of the Norman D. Jones Science Award and was the executive producer of Evolution: The Grand Experiment video series.
by: Carl Werner
The God Delusion Debate DVD On October 3rd of 2007 in Birmingham, Alabama, Professor Richard Dawkins and his Oxford University colleague Professor John Lennox engaged in a lively debate over what is arguably the most critical question of our time: the existence of God. The debate centered on Dawkins's views as expressed in his best-seller, The God Delusion, and their validity over and against the Christian faith. Both presenters agreed to the format and topics of discussion. It was one of the great debates of the last 100 years and is well worth watching and studying.
by: Richard Dawkins vs. John Lennox
The Voyage That Shook The World DVD In 1831, a young amateur scientist, Charles Darwin, boarded the HMS Beagle on an epic five-year voyage of discovery that would shake the world. In this expansive documentary the HMS Beagle once again sets sail as it retraces Charles Darwin's voyage in lavish detail, examining his findings, remarkable conclusions and their implications in the light of modern knowledge. Filmed in South America, United Kingdom, North America, Australia and Europe, Darwin: The Voyage That Shook The World features dramatic period recreations and stunning nature cinematography, all interwoven with scholars, scientists and Darwin experts who share differing perspectives on the man and the controversy he stirred. Produced in 2009, the "Darwin Double Anniversary" year. "Fascinating and thought-provoking...one of the best produced documentaries ever made." - Movieguide.org
by: Exploration Films
Origin of the Species: Was Darwin Right? DVD Are you aware that natural selection and beneficial mutations do not support the theory of evolution? Ironically, natural selection and beneficial mutations are among evolutionism's biggest reasons not to believe in it! In Origin of the Species: Was Darwin Right? Dr. Terry Mortenson takes a close look at the claims made in Darwin's infamous book and shows that real science, rightly defined, always contradicts the central tenets of Darwinism! Especially well-suited for older high school, college and adults.
by: Dr. Terry Mortensen
Collision DVD The documentary DVD, Collision, pits leading atheist, political journalist and author Christopher Hitchens (God Is Not Great: How Religion Poisons Everything) against fellow author and evangelical theologian Pastor Douglas Wilson on a debate tour arguing the topic “Is Religion Good For The World?”. Lives and worldviews collide as Hitchens and Wilson wittily and passionately argue the timeless question, proving to be perfectly matched intellectual, philosophical, and cinematic rivals.Collision is directed by prolific independent filmmaker Darren Doane.
by: Christopher Hitchens and Doug Wilson
Dissent from Darwin - A list of qualified scientists who doubt Darwinism (over 800 of them).
Reasonable Faith - Dr William Lane Craig is perhaps the world's leading debater for the Christian faith. This site contains a wealth of material dealing with the existence of God, evolution and atheism.
John Lennox Website - RIchard Dawkins has debated Christian author and intellectual John Lennox (Oxford) both in the USa and in the UK. On Dr. Lennox's website you may hear numerous of his audio lectures and read his articles.
Carl Gallups Website - A vast assortment of resources dealing with faith and reason. Best-selling author, pastor and apologist Carl Gallups offers reasons to believe and move forward in an exciting and dynamic relationship with God.
Religiosity and larger frontal lobes
Several studies have revealed that people who practice meditation or have prayed for many years exhibit increased activity and have more brain tissue in their frontal lobes, regions associated with attention and reward, as compared with people who do not meditate or pray.
See the evidence HERE!
"Atheism, for all of its proud boast of scholarly adequacy, is a kind of intellectual adolescence which refuses to think hard, face the facts, and be tough minded. Atheists live, when all is said and done and you push them, by blind and contradictory faith about how we know what we know and what the nature of reality is. Atheism is arbitrary and irrational all the while dressing up in the costume of rationality." - Greg Bahnsen
Atheism: A Bundle of Primitive Contradictions:
The Atheist Delusion - FULL MOVIE! | <urn:uuid:198d92af-dbf2-4417-b74f-3720875a3c06> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.atheistdelusion.net/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279169.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00221-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.924376 | 3,584 | 1.984375 | 2 |
Must be Race Week
Fog is no stranger at Race Week. In the third week of June (after weeks of glorious weather) the fog descends, prompting islanders to say: “It must be
Storm Trysail Race Week is held every other year, with smaller regattas in the off-years. This year the race has returned to Champlin’s Marina, with
Margaritaville as a major sponsor, as its headquarters, where Race Week first began in 1965. After a year of no racing due to Covid, the race had 158 boats participating – the biggest fleet ever. The night before the racing was to begin, the weather looked promising for the Regatta Craft Mixers- sponsored around-the-island race, one of the favorite races of the week for participants and spectators that hope to get a glimpse of the colorful sails as the boats round the island below the bluffs and along the beaches.
On Monday morning though, it was “socked in” as they say but with the promise of burning off. At times the fog would lift – a bit – only to descend again moments later. Still, the parade of boats proceeded through the cut, out of the Great Salt Pond through the channel recently dredged by the US Army Corps of Engineers, with spectators lining the beach by the old Coast Guard Station.
The Block Island Times was on a support boat with Race Director Ray Redniss and others from the Race Committee.
Outside the channel, as we headed for the starting point, the fog was so thick little could be seen. Occasionally a boat would cut in front of, or beside us,
jockeying for position, only to disappear moments later. And then as the support boat pulled ahead in front of the racers, we were all alone – navigating the swells off Southwest Point and along the southern coast. There was no sight of shore and even three miles off the coast, right where the five turbines of the Block Island Wind Farm should have been, the towers and the blades were invisible.
The conversation in the boat was whether or not to cancel racing for the day, and only one of the three fleets – the Green Fleet, consisting of 52 boats in
the multihull and performance cruising class got off a race. The support boat had pulled ahead and waited offshore near BI1, the buoy at the northernmost point of the island. The fog had lifted enough to just make out the bluffs of Clayhead. And we waited for the racers.
Eventually what could have been sails appeared in the distance, a mirage in the miasma. Some of the boats could be seen on a computer screen, but not all of them were equipped with the particular technology and it was impossible for the race directors to know just how many were out there.
But as the fog again lifted just a little bit, there were more and more boats emerging, racing towards the green can that is BI1 with their jibs furled. As they neared, the jibs came down and the boats rounded the buoy, to head back to the west side of the island and the finish point.
Joe Brito’s J 121 Incognito won in the class of performance cruising 1 spin with a corrected time of two hours, 59 minutes and one second in southwesterly winds of 15 to 20 knots. Block Island sailors Robert “Red” Closter on Island Spirit, and Henry duPont on Rush, finished second and third, respectively in the performance cruising 3 spin category.
Back at Champlin’s Marina, the party had started early for those whose races were canceled. But it was with high hopes that they anticipated getting back out on the water the next day and for the rest of the week. | <urn:uuid:76dd28e7-b37e-4db4-a035-be1243ccdff7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.blockislandtimes.com/article/must-be-race-week/59437 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570913.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809064307-20220809094307-00069.warc.gz | en | 0.978477 | 788 | 1.570313 | 2 |
EU parliament stresses strategic ties with IndiaSeptember 25th, 2008 - 12:25 am ICT by IANS
Brussels, Sep 24 (IANS) The ninth European Union-India summit slaterd for Monday in France and to be attended by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh is expected to adopt three documents aimed at strengthening relations between Brussels and New Delhi, a French minister said Wednesday. French President Nicolas Sarkozy is also to attend the summit.
Minister of state in charge of European Affairs Jean-Pierre Jouyet told a debate in European Parliament that the summit will adopt three documents related with a revised 2005 Joint Action Plan, a work programme on energy and climate change and an aviation agreement.
“We hope we will be able to sign a very important agreement on aviation. This is an agreement which has already been initialled by the negotiators at the beginning of the year,” Jouyet was quoted by EuAsiaNews as saying.
France holds the current EU presidency.
The one-day summit will also discuss global issues like Burma, Afghanistan, Iran and the global financial situation.
Margot Wallstrom, vice president of the European Commission in charge of Institutional Relations and Communication, said EU-India trade end investment have continued to expand with trade exchanges rising from 28.6 billion euro in 2003 to over 55 billion euro in 2007.
Wallstrorm said negotiations on free trade agreement between the 27-member bloc and India were making good progress.
She said the EU will be using the bulk of the indicative budget of 470 mn euro for India for 2007-2013 to support specially millennium development goals related to health and education programmes.
“We believe that our relations must be guided through promotion of peace, human rights and comprehensive security,” stressed Wallstrom
During the debate several Members of Parliament (MEPs) expressed deep concern at the current situation of Christian minorities in India. | <urn:uuid:50291c87-0819-4691-b01f-7ac49b92f9a9> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/uncategorized/eu-parliament-stresses-strategic-ties-with-india_10099601.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00494-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946999 | 391 | 1.625 | 2 |
National Day for Truth and Reconciliation - September 30th
We have put together a list of resources, articles, videos, learnings, etc. that we are proud to share with you. Please feel welcome to distribute this to anyone who may be looking for a way to honour this day.
What can you read?
21 Things You May Not Know About the Indian Act by Bob Joseph, et al.
Braiding Sweetgrass – Robin Wall Kimmerer
Power and Privilege in Canada by Dr Amy Tan
Seven Fallen Feathers – Tanya Talaga
The Deepest Well by Nadine Burke Harris
What can you watch?
In recognition of Oral Health Month, the FNHA and Connie Paul, Teltitelwet/Yetta, of Tsartlip First Nation, are pleased to share the video, “My dad’s dental story” or “My dad’s unbelievable story, untold by him.” In it, Connie, who is a Registered Nurse and Home Care Coordinator for Snuneymuxw First Nation, shares the story of her father Benny Paul’s dental experience during his time in residential school.
The video speaks to the importance of hardwiring cultural safety and humility within the dental system and the need to educate dental practitioners on how trauma can influence generations of health care clients. As Connie notes, “People have to heal with dignity or they will not heal at all.”
Note: This video contains sensitive content about residential school experiences and could be triggering for some viewers. For culturally safe crisis support, please phone: 1-800-KUU-US17 | 1-800-588-8717
Orange Shirt Day is a legacy of the St. Joseph Mission (SJM) residential school commemoration event held in Williams Lake, BC, Canada, in May 2013. It grew out of Phyllis’ story of having her shiny new orange shirt taken away on her first day of school at the Mission, and it has become an opportunity to keep the discussion on all aspects of residential schools happening annually.
Inspired by a woven blanket, this large‐scale art installation is made from hundreds of items reclaimed from residential schools, churches, government buildings and traditional and cultural structures across Canada.
The process of gathering these objects and their stories took artist Carey Newman and his team from coast to coast to coast. They travelled over 200,000 kilometres, visited 77 communities, met over 10,000 people, and welcomed over a thousand objects into their care.
Each object has a story to tell, each survivor has something to say. The 90‐minute feature documentary film Picking Up the Pieces: The Making of the Witness Blanket weaves those stories with Carey Newman’s personal journey, examining how art can open our hearts to the pain of truth and the beauty of resilience.
The makers of the documentary have made it freely available online to share the power of storytelling and testimony during a time of fear, uncertainty and social isolation. They invite you to bear witness.
This film shares traumatic stories of Indian residential school survivors. Please watch and share with gentleness. If you or your family members have a history with residential schools, make sure before watching that you can connect with support.
A look at representations of Native Americans in Hollywood cinema from the days of Thomas Edison to today, highlighting the way such predominantly negative portrayals impacted historical understanding of the Native American experience on both sides.
Stolen Children explores the impact of residential schools on former students and their children and grandchildren. Survivors share their harrowing experiences and discuss the legacy of fear, abuse and suicide being passed down from generation to generation.
Webinar – TRC: A day of reflection - 10:30am
It has been six years since the release of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada’s (TRC) Final Report and its 94 Calls to Action to pursue reconciliation. This 90-minute webinar will be hosted by Gracie Kelly, Indigenous Relations Manager at the Chilliwack Division of Family Practice with guest speaker Francis Horne Sr. (Khut Whee Mul Ukh), Indigenous Cultural Advisor at the Fraser Health Authority, to reflect on the TRC and a path towards reconciliation.
How can you get involved?
Ceremony at Centennial Square September 30, 2021 at noon
A national Indigenous charitable organization with the mandate to educate and create awareness and understanding about the Residential School System, including the intergenerational impacts such as the removal of generations of Indigenous children from their families, including the Sixties Scoop, the post-traumatic stress disorders that many First Nations, Inuit, and Metis continue to experience, all while trying to address racism, foster empathy and understanding and inspire action to improve the situation of Indigenous Peoples today. The LHF supports the ongoing healing process of Residential School Survivors, and their families and seeks their input on projects that honour them.
Includes local places to pick up Orange Shirt Day shirts, hoodies, buttons, etc.
Born from the vision of Chief Dr. Robert Joseph, Gwawaenuk Elder, Reconciliation Canada is leading the way in engaging Canadians in dialogue and transformative experiences that revitalize the relationships among Indigenous peoples and all Canadians. Our model for reconciliation engages people in open and honest conversation to understand our diverse histories and experiences. We actively engage multi-faith and multi-cultural communities to explore the meaning of reconciliation. Together, we are charting a New Way Forward.
Reconciliation Canada actively provides programs and initiatives to inspire positive change in communities throughout Canada.
If you are a South Island Division member, there is an opportunity to have the cost of this course reimbursed. Please contact [email protected] for more information. | <urn:uuid:ee34b831-0afa-4cea-9750-fdddfd145918> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://divisionsbc.ca/south-island/resources/national-day-truth-and-reconciliation-september-30th | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.93284 | 1,179 | 2.640625 | 3 |
The future economic success of the west depends to a considerable degree on its ability to establish firm ties with states around the Indian Ocean Rim. The two main actors that constitute the best hope for global growth are obviously India and China. Of the two, India is in many ways the better bet. The country’s ‘bottom-up’ economic model (enabling it to better withstand systemic shocks), its demographic composition and its democratic system provide it with a future outlook that is brighter than China’s. Also, it is impressive that, despite endemic corruption, poor infrastructure, and a currently weak and directionless Congress Party-dominated government, India’s economy maintains a growth rate of 6%. Moving into an era of multipolarity, the importance of enhancing ties with a rising power like India is of great strategic importance for the West. At the same time, though, India is facing internal security pressures, albeit largely unknown to many investors and policy makers. Large swaths of Indian territory are plagued by conflict between the state and the long-running Maoist insurgency group known as the Naxalites. If not dealt with effectively, the Naxalites might prove to be too much for New Delhi and turn out to be India’s Achilles heel imperiling its phenomenal global rise.
The current manifestation of Maoist-inspired violence in India can be traced back to the period immediately following the country’s independence in 1948. The term Naxal or Naxalite is derived from the Indian village of Naxalbari (West Bengal) where the movement has its roots. The stated goal of the Naxalites was, and remains to this day, to free the poor from the clutches of the landlords, to implement land reforms and destroy the oppressive feudal order in India. A central part their strategy to achieve this goal has been a guerrilla war against government forces in the underdeveloped rural and tribal regions of India. Although the nature of the movement makes it difficult to estimate the group’s size, recent estimates by The Research and Analysis Wing, the Indian intelligence service, have placed the numerical strength of the Naxalites at some 20,000 armed fighters, with access to about 6,500 firearms. These numbers would suggest that the Naxalites are almost twice as big as the FARC movement in Columbia, which numbered around 11,000 operatives in 2009. The Naxalites’ organizational structure includes an elaborate hierarchy with a Central Committee at the top, followed by Regional Bureaus, Zonal or State Committees, and District or Division Committees. Following a period of internal strife and fractional splits, in 2004 the a merger occurred to create an umbrella organizational structure for the Naxalite insurgency. This reunification was followed by an upswing in the level of violence.
Like all successful or enduring insurgent groups, the Naxalites follow a two-tiered strategy, using violence against their opponents as well as engaging in socio-economic initiatives to win the support of the population. With regard to the latter, it is important to note that the Naxalite insurgency puts much effort into addressing the grievances of the marginalised poor, who are disappointed in – or even hostile towards – the Indian government. For instance, Naxalite fighters have campaigned for women’s rights, have tried to improve the housing situation of those in need, have organised railway strikes, and have run irrigation projects to help farmers increase their harvests. The violent actions that make up the other second pillar of he Naxalite strategy are mostly aimed against the police, Indian government officials and transnational corporations. These attacks are intended to shield the population from capitalist influence. The Naxalites are quite successful in this regard, as the group has managed to take control of certain regions, especially in the Red Corridor, where state power has been eroded or has collapsed altogether.
Several factors account for the Naxalites’ ability to pull off tours de force of this kind. First, the manpower that the Indian insurgents brings to bear, gives them the organisational clout needed to wage a large-scale campaign. Second, although the Naxalites are geographically dispersed and not centrally led, the group shows a remarkable commitment to the overall strategy. Although the group’s operatives occasionally lash out at the local population, Naxalite actions generally fit the ambition to create Naxalite-controlled areas to encircle the cities and eventually take over the country. The third explanation of the insurgency’s sustainability is the fact that many Naxalite operatives are active in their native areas. From this, they derive knowledge of the terrain, crucial in irregular warfare, as well as familiarity with the local population and its plight, which makes it unlikely that they will be perceived as interlopers.
Another factor that makes it unlikely that the Naxalite insurgency will soon be a thing of the past is the inadequacy of the Indian government’s response. While it is clear that discrimination and poverty of the rural population provide the Naxalites with a support base and a pool of potential recruits, the government’s measures to alleviate the living conditions of the rural poor are generally half-hearted and poorly implemented. Rather, the government tries to quell the insurgency by taking a hard approach with a central role for law enforcement agencies. Thus far however, this hard line has not yielded the desired results. The number of police forces deployed against the Naxalites was recently increased to 76,000, but the insurgency is still alive and kicking. And even regardless of the effectiveness of the government line, it remains to be seen whether it is sustainable. India is one of the most underpoliced countries in the world, and there is little chance that the government will deploy the army, reluctant as it is to start a long and messy campaign and to take forces away from Jammu and Kashmir. It appears that the Naxalites are here to stay.
All too often, analyses of India are based on the assumption that its rise is inevitable and effortless. For a long time, the western view was that the rest of the world held little allure to the west, but now, the received wisdom on India at business and international relations conferences is an overcompensation of earlier neglect and underestimation. This overly sunny view is as misguided as the prior arrogance. What is needed is a sober analysis of India’s economy and internal security situation. The goal of this article has certainly not been to denigrate the future potential of India or to engage in fear mongering. Rather, we have tried to draw attention to an important actor on the Indian scene that until now has received only minimal international attention. Adding this dimension to current thinking about India will allow investors and policy makers to make informed decisions on when, how and where to invest their money in India. If India is serious about defeating the Naxalites, they will need to deal with the root causes of the group’s appeal in the Red Corridor, which will require addressing poverty, corruption and tribal inclusion issues. Only by doing so can India retain the domestic stability that is a prerequisite for its continued phenomenal rise. | <urn:uuid:197504af-5dd7-49f8-a48d-78e72f08aa87> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://smallwarsjournal.com/blog/an-insurgency-overlooked-india-and-the-naxalites | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00237-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955895 | 1,476 | 2.6875 | 3 |
Doctors at the Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute were among the first in California to offer an experimental therapy for atrial fibrillation using the WATCHMAN® Left Atrial Appendage System. This is a multicenter Phase II clinical trial, and Cedars-Sinai is one of about 60 centers nationwide participating in the study.
Compared to people with normal heart rhythm, patients who have atrial fibrillation -- the upper chambers of the heart quiver instead of pumping effectively -- have a five-fold increased risk of suffering a clot-related stroke. Blood clots commonly form in the left atrial appendage, a pouch attached to the left atrium, and travel to the brain, blocking the flow of oxygenated blood.
Use of the blood thinner Coumadin (warfarin) has been considered standard medical treatment to reduce the risk of stroke in atrial fibrillation patients, but it is associated with increased risk of bleeding problems. The left atrial appendage can be removed surgically -- it serves little if any useful purpose -- but surgery is not always an option.
Aging, high blood pressure, diabetes and other conditions increase stroke risk in atrial fibrillation patients. Many of these same conditions cause patients to be poor candidates for surgery and long-term blood thinner therapy.
The WATCHMAN® Left Atrial Appendage System, developed by Atritech, Inc., is designed to form a mechanical barrier that seals off the entrance to the appendage and prevents clots from forming. It is threaded to the heart through blood vessels, starting at the groin. Once in place, the umbrella-like device is deployed, plugging the entrance to the appendage, and the catheter is withdrawn.
Atrial fibrillation occurs when faulty nerve impulses cause the atria to beat erratically. Using traditional or minimally invasive operating techniques, surgeons may apply heat or freezing temperatures to interrupt these nerve messages and restore normal rhythm. They also may remove the left atrial appendage as part of the procedure to prevent the possibility of future clot formation.
Cite This Page: | <urn:uuid:377679da-22c6-4bd7-a32b-255fc9539694> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/06/080619100418.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988717783.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183837-00076-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9067 | 432 | 2.34375 | 2 |
How to use the word Demagnetizing in a sentence? Sentence examples with the word Demagnetizing.
Examples of Demagnetizing in a sentence
- The demagnetizing effect is limited.
- Demand for demagnetizing ability in industrial world has become severe.
- Detailed instructions for teachers on conducting a hands-on lesson on demagnetizing magnets.
- Unwanted recordings can simply be erased by demagnetizing.
- Only a small part of the magnetic field is really exploited for the demagnetizing effect.
- Conventional demagnetizing systems consume apparent power that evaporates ineffectively.
- It is particularly advantageous to supplement the demagnetizing coil with a capacitor to form a series resonant circuit.
- The total magnetic field in the magnet is a vector sum of the demagnetizing field and the magnetic field generated by any free or displacement currents.
- Demagnetizing steel removes its permanent magnetic field.
- The demagnetizing factors are the principal values of the depolarization tensor, which gives both the internal and external values of the fields induced in ellipsoidal bodies by applied electric or magnetic fields.
- The physical disruption and vibration shake the order out of the material, demagnetizing it.
- The total magnetic field in a region containing magnets is the sum of the demagnetizing fields of the magnets and the magnetic field due to any free currents or displacement currents.
- Demagnetizing field is directly linked with the shape of a ferromagnetic body and the magnetization distribution within it.
- He used Taylor expansions for the magnetization and the demagnetizing field at the midplane.
- This article presents charts and tables which make possible easy determination of the demagnetizing factor for any principal axis of an ellipsoid of any shape.
- Maurer Magnetic offers the right solution for every application, from small handheld and table demagnetizers to standardized demagnetizing coils and customer-specific high-performance demagnetizing machines. | <urn:uuid:c4df3e76-34b8-4c24-a463-0562a897a64c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.8sa.net/use-demagnetizing-in-a-sentence-how-to-use-demagnetizing-in-a-sentence/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.805265 | 473 | 2.875 | 3 |
Our mission is to make the job easier for turf managers all around the world.
At Turf Tank we understand: line marking can be a challenging task when done manually. You have to put in a lot of hours with a team of several people, pulling strings, doing manual measurements, and pushing the line marking machine. Despite all your efforts and attention to detail, the job can often end with crooked lines. That is why we created the Turf Tank ONE – your teammate on the field that will make line marking for you easier than ever!
The newest and most advanced technology in line marking – say hello to the Turf Tank ONE robot
For as long as humans have played sports, there’s been a need for playing fields. Was the ball out or was it in? Did the player reach the end zone or were they tackled just before? From where exactly should the penalty kick be taken when playing soccer? Whether it is kids using their shirts as bases when playing softball or the biggest games drawing in thousands of spectators marking the field is essential. That is why we developed the Turf Tank ONE robot line marker capable of painting fields for lacrosse, football, soccer, baseball and many others.
Remember the old machines used for line marking? Two wheels and a handlebar, they were pushed by hand applying the paint either from wheel transfer or belt. It’s hard work, takes ages and the lines may not even be that accurate.
The old line markers were first developed for tennis. They were small and used gravity or wheel pressure to apply the paint. Spinning the wheel, white powder would fall to the ground laying loosely on top of the grass. It wouldn’t stay there long and typically had to be done before each game.
Next came more sophisticated machines using a spray system. Sometimes they were mounted on small garden tractors with the brush or nozzles placed below. A big step forward from the old machines. And yet, still they had to operated by a person with accuracy depending on how well the field is measured beforehand and the skills of operating the machine.
Now there is something even better when laying out the lines for sports fields: the Turf Tank ONE robot. It is the result of years of developing machines for line marking and combines all the best features. It’s faster than using a hand-pushed machine and with its state-of-the-art GPS system it’s much more precise. There is no need either to measure out all the lines before applying the paint. Using the Turf Tank ONE app, the robot can be programmed to draw any pattern desirable.
And it’s not just its accuracy which is better than traditional line marking. The spray system and quality of the paint are too, so that each coat of paint lasts longer saving on time and paint.
WHERE WE ARE
Our company is growing, and we want to keep it that way. With staff in Denmark, the US and the UK we want to make sure that the best technology in line marking is available to paint amazing sports fields all over the world.
Our Danish HQ is in North Denmark. Innovation, research and development, design and world-leading discoveries are deeply rooted in the history and culture of Denmark. Denmark offers a highly educated workforce. At Turf Tank, we are proud to call some of the best and the brightest in engineering, code developing, software design, sale and marketing for our employees!
Here’s a fun fact you may not know: One of the first prototypes for the Turf Tank ONE line marking robot was built with LEGO® – another great Danish invention. Several years later, the Turf Tank ONE is now considered cutting-edge when it comes to using robots to paint accurate lines on sports fields.
We also love sports. We know how important it is that each line on the field is accurate and looks great. | <urn:uuid:510f9b21-2c41-4179-bee3-7d60e85397d0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://turftank.com/us/our-company/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.967198 | 797 | 1.921875 | 2 |
Janette Deacon was born in Cape Town in 1939. She became interested in Archaeology when she registered for a BA course taught by Professor A J H Goodwin at the University of Cape Town in 1958.
After Goodwin died in 1959, Ray Inskeep was appointed in his place in 1960 and encouraged his students, amongst them Carmel Schrire, Garth Sampson and Janette Buckland, to participate in field work and to visit rock art sites in the Cederberg with Ginger Townley Johnson, Percy Sieff and Hym Rabinowitz.
After graduating in 1960, Janette worked as a research assistant to Professor W J Talbot in the Department of Geography at UCT in 1961, and in 1962 she was appointed as Junior Lecturer in the Department of Archaeology. During that year she met Hilary John Deacon who had returned to UCT after 6 years as a field geologist to do an Honours degree in Archaeology. They married in December 1962 and moved to Grahamstown where Hilary was appointed as the Archaeologist at the Albany Museum. Hilary's field projects between 1963 and 1971 provided the data for his MA and PhD theses and for Janette's MA.
When Hilary was appointed as Head of the new Department of Archaeology at the University of Stellenbosch in 1971, they moved back to the Western Cape. From 1972 to 1975, Janette was appointed as a temporary lecturer in the UCT Department of Archaeology, and between 1976 and 1988 she worked as a researcher for various projects at the University of Stellenbosch.
Her PhD, awarded in 1982, analysed Later Stone Age assemblages dating to the last 20 000 years from Nelson Bay Cave, Boomplaas Cave and Kangkara shelter, correlating the scale and timing of changes in stone artefact traditions with changes in various environmental parameters. She edited the South African Archaeological Bulletin from 1976 to 1993. In 1989, when Jalmar Rudner retired as Archaeologist at the National Monuments Council, Janette was appointed in his place and worked there until she retired at the end of 1999.
Since 1998, she has arranged a series of courses and workshops on rock art site management, or has given advice, for the Southern African Rock Art Project in South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Malawi and Tanzania aimed at identifying rock art sites for nomination to the world heritage list and training the site managers. Since 2005, she has managed the South African Rock Art Initiative, a programme of the Getty Conservation Institute, that has trained rock art tourist guides and rock art site managers at the Mapungubwe World Heritage Site and the Cederberg. | <urn:uuid:10cbc072-9e6d-4462-aaaa-44f1276e0a0f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.sarada.co.za/people_and_institutions/researchers/jeanette_deacon/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00064-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973875 | 549 | 1.648438 | 2 |
CARTER, ROBERT, naval officer, magistrate, and politician; b. at Ferryland, Nfld., in 1791, son of William Carter, judge of the Vice-Admiralty Court, and Anne Weston; m. to Anne Hutchings by whom he had one son and three daughters; d. in St John’s, Nfld., 25 May 1872.
Robert Carter was the grandson of the first Carter to settle in Ferryland, where the family were prominent merchants and holders of the magistracy. He appears to have joined the navy at an early age, and was retired soon after the peace of 1815 with the rank of lieutenant. In 1843 he was promoted commander (retired). After the death of his elder brother William in 1815, Robert Carter was appointed surrogate magistrate in his place, probably early in 1817. He served in that capacity at Ferryland until early in 1826, when he retired amid subsequently unsubstantiated accusations of improper judicial behaviour. The first general election in Newfoundland was held in 1832, and Carter won the Ferryland seat. From that time his career was largely politically oriented and he moved to St John’s.
The years between 1832 and 1836 saw the rise of denominationalism in local politics, and Carter, a member of the Church of England, was defeated in the Catholic district of Ferryland in 1836. From 1842 to 1852 and again from 1855 to 1859 he represented Bonavista Bay, and from 1859 to 1865, Fortune Bay. Both these districts were largely Protestant. Throughout his time in the assembly, Carter was a prominent member of the Protestant Conservative party, which was, however, in a minority from 1836 to 1861. But since, before the introduction of responsible government in 1855, patronage lay in the hands of the governor and council, Carter received several appointments of ascending importance. He remained a justice of the peace for the Ferryland area and served as a road commissioner there in the late 1830s. Following the fire that devastated St John’s in June 1846, he was appointed supervisor of streets, an important post which he held until the replanning of the town was completed in 1848. In October 1849 Carter became colonial treasurer and a governor of the Savings Bank. The tenacity with which he held to these posts slightly impeded the transition to responsible government in 1855. His demand for a retirement allowance being disallowed, Carter refused to resign. He argued that he had not been appointed as treasurer under the conditions imposed by the resolution, passed by the assembly in April 1849 and later approved by the Colonial Office, which stated that all executive appointees after that date would be liable to removal without compensation upon the introduction of responsible government. He received neither pension nor sympathy, and finally in May 1855 Governor Sir Charles Henry Darling* had to order him from office.
Carter’s resistance to the change was typical of many of his class, who feared not only the loss of their positions but also a Roman Catholic political ascendancy. In 1861 a crisis within the largely Catholic government party led by John Kent enabled the Conservatives under the leadership of Hugh Hoyles*, openly backed by the governor, Sir Alexander Bannerman*, to seize power. Carter became colonial secretary in the Hoyles ministries of 1861 and 1861–65. When Hoyles resigned as premier in the summer of 1865 to become chief justice, Carter lost his post, but he remained a member of the Executive Council until just before the election that fall. The Conservatives were again victorious under the leadership of his nephew, Frederick B. T. Carter*. Carter retired from public life at the same time and lived in St John’s until his death.
Never of outstanding importance in the political life of his time, Carter was a prominent member of, and spokesman for, the local establishment. Unlike his peers, however, Carter was neither in trade nor in the law; he had an economic dependence on political office which reinforced his resistance to responsible government but hastened his adaptation to the new order.
PANL, Newfoundland, Dept. of the Colonial Secretary, letter books, 1815–27; Newfoundland, Executive Council, minutes, 1865. Newfoundland, Blue Books, 1832–65 (copies in PANL); House of Assembly, Journals, 1836, 1837, 1838, 1840. Gunn, Political history of Nfld. J. R. Smallwood, “The history of the Carter family in Newfoundland,” unpublished typescript, 1937 (copy at PANL). E. A. Wells, “The struggle for responsible government in Newfoundland, 1846–1855,” unpublished ma thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1966. | <urn:uuid:240d86f5-b4e5-4979-9c33-8113a75e769c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/carter_robert_10E.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281226.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00379-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.984465 | 974 | 2.203125 | 2 |
Jobseeker's Allowance is paid if you are capable of working, if you are available for work, and if you are actively seeking work. Note: this leaflet gives a brief summary of Jobseeker's Allowance (JSA) and is for guidance only. It does not cover all situations, nor is it a full statement of the law. If you are not sure if you qualify, or whether you qualify for other benefits, then seek expert advice. See the section at the end of the leaflet for further sources of help and advice.
What is Jobseeker's Allowance?
Jobseeker's Allowance (JSA) is for unemployed people and paid by the Jobcentre. There are two types of JSA. The first is contribution-based and depends upon your National Insurance contributions. The second is income-based and depends upon your financial and home circumstances. You may qualify for either or both of these parts, depending upon your circumstances.
What are the basic rules for Jobseeker's Allowance?
There are basic conditions which you must fulfil to qualify for JSA. These include:
- You must be available for work. This means being ready to take a full-time job without being unreasonable about the work you will accept. If you are not able to work, for example, because of illness or family circumstances, you may be eligible for other benefits such as Income Support, Incapacity Benefit, etc.
- You must be actively seeking work. This involves being asked to show what steps you are taking to find work.
- You must not be working 16 hours a week or more.
- You must be below state pension age.
- You have to be aged 18 or above (although there are some exceptions in special circumstances).
- You may be expected to attend courses to improve your skills as directed by an employment officer.
Who is contribution-based Jobseeker's Allowance intended for?
You qualify for contribution-based Jobseeker's Allowance if you have recently been working and have paid a certain level of National Insurance contributions during recent tax years. No extra contribution-based JSA is payable for spouses, partners or children. Contribution-based JSA stops after six months.
Rates of contribution-based JSA vary according to age and from April 2012 are:
- Aged 18-24 - £56.25 per week
- Aged 25 or over - £71.00 per week
Who is income-based Jobseeker's Allowance intended for?
- If you do not qualify for contribution-based JSA because you do not have enough National Insurance contributions.
- If your contribution-based JSA has run out (that is, usually after six months).
- If you qualify for contribution-based JSA but it is not enough for you to manage on. For example, if you have a family to support.
How is income-based Jobseeker's Allowance worked out?
Income-based Jobseeker's Allowance is means tested and depends on your circumstances. Regulations approved by Parliament specify how much you should have coming in for your basic living expenses. This depends upon age, family size, disabilities, etc. If the money coming in is less than this amount, you will get income-based JSA to make up the difference.
Capital or savings up to a certain level do not affect benefit but income-based JSA entitlement will reduce if they are more than a specified amount. With couples, the needs and finances of both partners are taken into account when working out income-based JSA.
Income-based JSA does not cover rent and Council Tax. However, if you are getting income-based JSA you can get help with these from separate schemes run by the local council (Housing Benefit and Council Tax Benefit). If you are buying your home, an amount for the interest part of your mortgage payments may be added into the calculation of your income-based JSA entitlement.
If I get income-based Jobseeker's Allowance, what else am I entitled to?
You are entitled to certain other benefits. For example:
- Housing Benefit and Council Tax Benefit.
- Help with health costs. For example, free prescriptions, free NHS dental treatment, vouchers for glasses, help with fares to hospital if you have hospital appointments.
- Grants and loans from the Social Fund.
- Free school meals for your children.
What can affect Jobseeker's Allowance?
In certain circumstances JSA may be refused or stopped. It can then only be paid at a reduced rate to prevent hardship. For example: if you give up a job without a good reason; if you have lost a job through misconduct; if you do not comply with the basic JSA conditions such as refusing to attend a training course recommended by an employment officer.
How can I claim Jobseeker's Allowance?
When you become unemployed go to the Jobcentre and ask for a claim form. An appointment will usually be made for you to come back for interview when you should bring the completed form with you. You may have to attend the Jobcentre at regular intervals until you get a job.
There is also a way to claim online at www.direct.gov.uk/en/Diol1/DoItOnline/DG_178228
JSA is usually paid directly into a bank account, building society account, Post Office account, or National Savings account.
Further information, help and advice
Directgov provides information from across UK government departments
Citizens Advice Bureau
Provides independent advice on many issues including benefits. Listed in the phone book under 'Citizens Advice Bureaux'. Also, see their website: www.citizensadvice.org.uk
Dr Tim Kenny | <urn:uuid:ae8c3c70-21d2-446b-8439-4d0e9070eadd> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://patient.info/in/health/Jobseeker's-Allowance.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281151.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00110-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.939266 | 1,200 | 1.882813 | 2 |
Description France, Bretagne, Ille-et-Vilaine, Dinard, beached, collected 1991, ex coll. J. Trausel. Image by Joop Trausel and Frans SliekerAuthor Natural History Museum Rotterdam· JPG file - 39.02 kB - 371 x 482 pixels
Extra information Camera Maker: Canon Camera Model: Canon EOS 300D DIGITAL Image Title: _____________
(Poli, 1791) Original Time Taken: 2009:11:14 16:39:12 Time Digitized: 2009:11:14 16:39:12 Shutter Speed: 1/40 sec Aperture: f/16 ISO Sensitivity: 100 Exposure Compensation: -1.33 EV Metering Mode: Pattern Flash Fired: No Flash Original Width: 371 pixels Original Height: 482 pixels Orientation: 1: Normal (0 deg) White Balance: 1 Focal Length: 50 mm Focal Length Equivalent in 35mm Film: 658.34145202511
Disclaimer: WoRMS does not exercise any editorial control over the information displayed here. However, if you come across any misidentifications, spelling mistakes or low quality pictures, your comments would be very much appreciated. You can reach us by emailing [email protected] or adding a comment, we will correct the information or remove the image from the website when necessary or in case of doubt. | <urn:uuid:3c932284-9c70-45bf-bc75-fcc9b6af61ee> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.marinespecies.org/photogallery.php?album=700&pic=63762&from=rss | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00227-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.701133 | 299 | 1.882813 | 2 |
The fate of our country won't be decided on a battlefield, it will be determined in a classroom.
It seems as if we in South Africa are not the only ones with under-achieving schools. The USA has the same problem. A documentary film “Waiting for superman” has recently been made on the issue. What the film seems to advocate is widespread reform of the public school system, ranging from longer school terms to more stringent accountability standards for teachers. Read more here: | <urn:uuid:ce9d8ec9-e280-4312-a530-6e61db802318> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://onsgeloofgesprek.blogspot.com/2010/09/waiting-for-superman-in-usa-schools.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00344-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.977323 | 101 | 1.804688 | 2 |
View cropView crop Data sheet EcoPort
Vietmeyer N 1989 pp 277-285 [USE, KTMP, PHO, RAIN, TEMP, PH, DRA, TEXT]
Damaged by low temperatures.
Perennial tree. Fruit begins to mature a few months after pollination. In the Andean mountains the tree produces a crop twice a year. (GMIN and GMAX estimated by the compiler).
Pacay, Guama, Ice-cream bean, Food inga, Pa'quy, Paccai, Pa'qaya, Pacae, Pacay de Peru, Guama, Guamo, Pois sucre, Inga cipo, Rabo de mico.
Pacay is well adapted to the lowland humid tropics. It is usually a small tree reaching up to 15 m. | <urn:uuid:fc174098-82bd-427a-8b58-78388a1d10d4> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropView?id=6893 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00175-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.733218 | 176 | 2.453125 | 2 |
It is very poisonous, corrosive, and flammable. It’s heavier than air, so it’s accumulating at the bottom of poorly vented spaces. Once you can smell it, it means that its concentrations are high enough to be toxic. It affects many systems in the human body and the one which is the most affected is the nervous system.
What happens if you inhale battery fumes?
INHALATION: Not a likely route of exposure. If a battery ruptures/explodes, the acid or gas may be harmful or fatal if inhaled in a confined area. May cause severe irritation and burns of the nose, throat and respiratory tract.
Is smelling battery harmful?
The overheating of the battery is making it convert the sulphuric acid into Hydrogen sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide is the main reason that is making your battery smell like rotten eggs. It is a very dangerous gas that can have harmful effects on human health.
Do car batteries give off toxic fumes?
Car battery is containing a pretty dangerous chemical called “sulfuric acid”. It is dangerous by itself being a highly corrosive chemical. Its vapors are toxic. When it is contacting with some other materials some other toxic vapors/gases might be produced.
What fumes do car batteries give off?
Recharging, moving, or shaking a lead-acid battery can produce an explosive mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gases that escape through the battery’s vents. These fumes, if allowed to accumulate in a small area, ignite easily and can cause a fire or explosion.
Can battery acid make you sick?
Exposure to sulfuric acid can result in difficulty breathing and tightness in your chest. Breathing in any type of battery acid fumes can be toxic and cause dizziness or nausea.
Are battery fumes flammable?
In addition, overcharging a lead acid battery can produce hydrogen sulfide gas. This gas is colorless, poisonous, flammable, and has an odor similar to rotten eggs or natural gas. The gas is heavier than air and will accumulate at the bottom of poorly ventilated spaces.
Do batteries give off fumes?
When batteries are being recharged, they generate hydrogen gas that is explosive in certain concentrations in air (explosive limits are 4.1 to 72 percent hydrogen in air).
Do car batteries give off carbon monoxide?
It was determined that lead batteries do not emit carbon monoxide. They do, however, emit hydrogen. It was also noted that carbon monoxide detectors will activate when exposed to high amounts of hydrogen. Hydrogen gas like carbon monoxide is a colorless and odorless gas.
Should a battery smell when charging?
Under normal circumstances, this smell will start to taper off after the initial charging cycles. After roughly ten cycles, give or take, the smell should be gone. If the smell persists long past this mark, there may be a fault with your battery, in which case you should consult a mechanic.
Is it safe to sleep next to a car battery?
The simple answer to your question is yes it is safe to sleep in a room with two (or more) car batteries. However, if the batteries are being charged (and discharged), then most likely it is not safe.
Is it safe to store car battery indoors?
Storage in a cellar is possible in principle, but the room must be dry. The optimal solution is a room in the house in which there is a dry atmosphere and a constant temperature, even in winter. Before storage, the battery should be fully charged to between 12.7 V and 12.8 V.
Is it safe to charge a car battery indoors?
The practice of charging a car battery indoors is not entirely reliable or recommended. By charging your car battery at home or in a confined space, you might get the corrosive sulfuric acids stuck to your clothes and skin. Moreover, hydrogen build-up can cause the battery to explode.
Is leaking battery toxic?
What is battery acid? Battery leakage (commonly known as battery acid) is nasty, corrosive stuff – it can burn your skin, contaminate soil, and of course ruin whatever device it has leaked into. … For lead batteries, sulfuric acid is the dangerous residue, which requires a different type of clean-up.
What should you do if you are exposed to hydrogen sulfide?
Nitrite therapy (found in the cyanide antidote kit) has been suggested as a therapy for hydrogen sulfide exposure. Amyl nitrite is given by inhalation (for 30 seconds every minute until an intravenous line is established) followed by intravenous sodium nitrite (300 mg over absolutely no less than 5 minutes).
What causes gassing in a battery?
One of the hazards of overcharging is excessive gassing. Some gassing naturally occurs during normal charging, but when a lead acid battery is overcharged, the electrolyte solution can overheat, causing hydrogen and oxygen gasses to form, increasing pressure inside the battery. | <urn:uuid:9e673bf1-00a5-408c-b067-d80ff9f565e8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://rodgerschevrolet.com/auto-repair/are-car-battery-fumes-dangerous.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00272.warc.gz | en | 0.934523 | 1,045 | 3.15625 | 3 |
What You Need to Know About Google Analytics
Google Analytics provides a lot of data when it comes to visitor behavior analysis. These statistics include bounce rate, the percentage of visitors who view only one page, sessions (a group of interactions during a 30-minute window), pages per session, goal completions, and conversions. Get started now to learn more about all the data that is available through this program. Here are some ways to understand these reports. These metrics can also be used to increase your company’s profitability.
To know how users are interacting with your website, you need to understand some basic metrics. The average time spent on each page is one metric that you can use to improve your website’s performance. Another is the session quality metric, which shows how many pages are viewed in a single session. You can use the session quality metric to identify channels that are not engaging users. The conversion rate is also an important metric for web analytics. This metric measures the number of visitors who complete desired actions on your site, such as making a purchase or signing up for a newsletter.
If your pageviews are high, it could indicate that visitors have not engaged with your site. A website that isn’t popular with the masses may have a low average pageview count. In addition, average session duration may not be an accurate reflection of user engagement. It is therefore not possible to use this as a key performance indicator.
Google Analytics gives you a great overview of your site’s usage, in addition to the previously mentioned KPIs. Google Analytics also gives information about how people found specific pages or products. You can create the website you want to attract the best traffic by understanding what visitors are searching for. You can also use the analytics to improve your paid campaign, email marketing, or social media campaigns. You can increase the effectiveness of your marketing campaigns, and eventually make more sales.
Metrics of Google Analytics also tell you how much traffic your website is receiving. The source of traffic can be either direct or from a search engine. The source of the traffic is not always easy to determine, so it’s important to understand where your website visitors are coming from. You can choose to display this information in the Behavior report and the Source of the traffic in the Audience report. You can personalize the design and content to better suit the needs of these countries if you are interested in learning how you can improve the customer experience.
The dimensions in Google Analytics refer to different levels of organization. A user may have multiple sessions, while one session can contain multiple hits. Google Dimensions also include User Types and New Sessions. For E-Commerce Analysis, the product level scope can be used to determine which metrics matter to a specific product. This reporting can also be used to compare user behaviour across segments. Generally, the more detailed the data, the more useful it is.
Google Analytics offers many options for combining the different dimensions. While Google offers default measurements, you can create custom descriptions to measure a unique set of characteristics. For example, you can combine the Sessions metric with hit-level dimensions to learn which keywords resulted in phone calls. To collect data about the website’s usage time and log-in users, you can combine metrics and dimensions. You can import non-Google Analytics data into Google Analytics.
You can set custom dimensions or hit them. Custom dimensions are not visible in GA4 reports until they have been registered. The implementation process for custom dimensions involves sending the data to GA4 and registering the parameter. It may take up to 24 hours for the data to show in reports. It can take 24 hours for a custom dimension to show up in reports. Therefore, it is best to wait at least one day before you implement it.
You can view qualitative data when you use Google Analytics dimensions. If you’re an ecommerce merchant you might be able to use the dimension values landing page to find out which pages are popular with new customers. You can also use the dimension values landing page if your business is an ecommerce retailer to see how well your products are performing. You can view metrics to measure the rank of your products on various pages, in addition to analysing how they perform within each category.
Google Analytics has powerful tools that allow you to separate data sets to analyse and compare. These filters are applied to the overall data and can include dimensions and metrics such as Returning Users, Bounced Sessions, and Converts. You can compare data and analyse it in greater detail. In addition, segments stay active until you delete them, so you can use them for several years. Here are some of the benefits of segments:
Segmenting users based on their behavior is possible with the behavior segment. The date of the first visit, the number of visits, and the frequency can all be used to target certain audiences. You can also segment users by their browsing history and behavior, including transactions. These characteristics can also be used to create customized segments. To narrow your search to specific users, you can use the source traffic option. You can also use UTM parameter tags to segment your users by source.
Creating user-based segments allows you to select the date range over which your visitors can visit your site. The date ranges typically span between 93 and 96 days. Users can apply up to 1,000 segments to a single view. For user-based segments, the default range of dates is 93 days. If a user has more than 1000 sessions in the window, it will be treated as bot traffic. This way, you can see which pages are popular and which ones are not.
When analyzing the data in Google Analytics, you can create custom segments and metrics. Google Analytics has a variety of pre-defined and default system segments. Before creating your own, make sure to look through the list of available segments. It is easier to compare results when you have custom segments. These segments can be used to analyze data. You’ll be able to determine which are the most lucrative for you. Use Google Analytics to your advantage!
ID of the user
You can use the User ID feature to track your customers’ behavior and identify the stages of the customer journey. It is important to note that User IDs only work when the user logs into your website. This feature is required to be able track anonymous users. It can be used in combination with email addresses or other identifiers. The User ID can be used to link sessions with Google Analytics if your site collects email addresses.
To get started, you will first need to enable the User ID feature in your Google Analytics account. This feature can be enabled on websites that provide login functionality, social media platforms, and e-commerce websites. It’s best to enable this feature before setting up Google Analytics. Once you’ve activated the feature, you will need to implement the tracking code in your website and send IDs to Google Analytics. To get started, follow the steps outlined below.
Google Analytics User IDs are unique combinations of alphanumeric characters which identify a user. It allows you to identify one user on multiple devices or browsers. This makes it easy to track and measure specific users’ behavior. You can also associate several sessions with the same person across different devices. This is especially helpful for cross-device measurement. It also helps to fix attribution problems. If you’re a business owner, you may consider setting up a Google Analytics User ID for your website or app.
A User-ID, which is an identifier that enables you to track users’ experience, is a crucial part of user tracking. No matter how many users visit your site, it is important to understand their behaviour in comparison with a non-logged in user. You can track every user and find out what they do. The user ID can be used to track users’ activity on a different device. You can integrate the user ID feature in your analytics account.
One way to measure customer retention is to look at how long a person spends on your website. You can use time on your website to determine if you are building customer loyalty or keeping current customers satisfied. You should also consider negative testimonials and average order value. Google Analytics will help you determine how long users spend on your site. Read on for more information.
The data retention period you set in Google Analytics is entirely up to you. Retaining user data will help you build custom reports or apply custom segments to your reports. You should remember that advanced features such as custom reporting or creating unique reports require the event and user data. You’ll have to delete data in the next month if you reduce your retention period. So if you’re looking to measure the value of your audience, consider changing the retention period to one month or three months.
The cohort chart is the best way to measure user retention. For example, if 100 people visit your website on September 9, two will return on September 16 and ten on September 10. This shows how much people are returning to your site and how many new users you’ve acquired. To understand how long a user has been on your site, you should track the number of visitors who come to your website through paid ads and organic search. Google Analytics will help you figure out how many visitors are returning to your site.
Cohort analysis is another useful tool. Cohorts are groups of users with a common characteristic. For example, a user with the same Acquisition Date (ACD) as a new user will be grouped into the same cohort. You can use cohort analysis to determine how many customers return after a period of two or eight days. This analysis is very valuable for industries and B2B companies that require long-term commitment. | <urn:uuid:b5683919-6064-43eb-a6a4-4cb8a06134e3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.translanguage.net/google-analytics-not-loading/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.923427 | 1,995 | 2.125 | 2 |
Published on VDARE.com - October 29, 2002
(Published in The Independent Review, v.VII, n.2, Fall 2002,pp. 259– 264.)
The academic study of the Soviet economy was unsuccessful. Several widely held misconceptions contributed to the lack of success. Western economists assumed that economic growth was assured because the central planning authority controlled the rate of investment. They assumed that the Soviet economy was planned centrally because it had a central planning agency. They assumed, as Alexander Gerschenkron put it in his December 1968 Ely Lecture at the eighty-first annual meeting of the American Economic Association, "that hardly anything in the momentous story of Soviet economic policies needs, or suffers, explanations in terms of its derivation from Karl Marx's economic theories" (1969, 16). All of these assumptions were false. Western scholars (and intelligence agencies) consequently were unprepared for the sudden collapse of the Soviet Union. Their subject simply disappeared before they ever understood it. In this article, I discuss each of the erroneous assumptions in turn.
In April 1988, the Central Intelligence Agency and the Defense Intelligence Agency told the Joint Economic Committee of Congress that the Soviet economy had grown by approximately 2 percent yearly from 1981 to 1985, by 2.2 percent yearly from 1976 to 1980, by 3.1 percent yearly from 1971 to 1975, and by 5 percent yearly from 1966 to 1970 (U.S. Central Intelligence Agency 1988, 61). These estimates were given to Congress even though two months earlier Mikhail Gorbachev had told the Central Committee of the Communist Party that, except for vodka sales and the higher prices paid for Soviet oil, the Soviet economy had not grown for twenty years ("Communiqué" 1988, 1; see also Bergson 1988 and Franklin 1988).
In 1962, G. Warren Nutter tried to bring some reality into the estimation of Soviet economic performance with his book The Growth of Industrial Production in the Soviet Union, published by Princeton University Press for the National Bureau of Economic Research. Nutter had little success in curbing exaggerated estimates of Soviet economic growth. In the end, even his own estimates proved to be on the high side.
As late as 1979, economists still ascribed a remarkable growth potency to central planning. In that year a World Bank report, Romania: The Industrialization of an Agrarian Economy under Socialist Planning, credited central planning with achieving a 9.8 annual rate of economic growth over the quarter century from 1950 to 1975. Remarkably, the World Bank economists did not realize that using these lofty growth rates to project backward the World Bank's estimate of Romanian income per capita produced a figure too low to sustain life. This mistake provoked the Wall Street Journal observation: "We have heard exaggerated claims made for central economic planning, but never that it resurrected a whole nation from the dead" ("Resurrection of the Dead" 1979).
Economists could make such errors with impunity without any adverse effect on their careers because a positive attitude toward central planning was considered a sign of sophistication. It was more important not to be considered anticommunist than to know what one was talking about. Even as late as 1989, Paul Samuelson delivered the obligatory paean to the Soviet economy in his economics textbook (Samuelson and Nordhaus 1989, 837).
The emphasis on growth rates was one way of avoiding the question of what the growth rates were measuring. Much of Soviet output related very poorly to use. Inputs often were combined to create outputs worth less than the inputs. It is not genuine industrialization to construct capacity embodying production functions that produce outputs worth less than the inputs. The pitiful income per capita in Russia today reflects seventy-five years of wasting resources.
The Soviet Union wasted its resources because the success indicator for Soviet managers allowed them to be successful even though their output was poorly related to the needs of users. Soviet output basically satisfied no one but the statistician measuring it.
The Soviet manager's success indicator was a measure of gross output, such as weight, quantity, square feet, or surface area. Gross output indicators played havoc with assortments, sizes, quality, and so on. Nikita Khrushchev complained of chandeliers so heavy "that they pull the ceilings down on our heads" (qtd. in Roberts and LaFollette 1990, 8). A famous Soviet cartoon depicted the manager of a nail factory being given the Order of Lenin for exceeding his tonnage. Two giant cranes were pictured holding up one giant nail.
If weight was the plan indicator for nails, the assortment would be heavily weighted with large nails; if the plan indicator was quantity, small sizes would predominate. The Soviets experimented by adding other indicators, but in the end a gross output indicator always determined the manager's success or failure. When I first examined this system, it was clear to me that signals interpreted by managers constituted the main difference between the Soviet economy and a normal market economy (Roberts 1968b, 1969, 1971a). In a normal market, managers organize production by interpreting price and profit signals. In the Soviet economy, managers interpreted gross output indicators. The critical difference is that gross output indicators are irrational from the standpoint of economic efficiency.
Soviet managers were as autonomous as their market counterparts. They set their own plan targets by disguising their productive capacity and overstating their resource needs. Soviet planners served primarily as supply agents for enterprises, endeavoring to supply the enterprises with sufficient inputs to fulfill their gross output targets. The system of material supply could seldom perform this task, and Soviet factory managers made barter arrangements with one another and produced their own inputs. This activity led me to the conclusion that the Soviet economy, like a market, was organized polycentrically and not hierarchically as a planning system. The "central plan" was little more than the summation of the factory managers' individual plans.
My conclusion was buttressed by the absence of a theory of central planning. Despite many years of observing the Soviet economy, no one could explain how planners derived the structure of output. Jan Drewnowski of the Central School of Planning and Statistics in Warsaw noticed this problem. In a 1961 article, he tried to use the concept of revealed planners' preferences to explain how central plans are derived. Given a production possibilities curve and a state indifference curve or preference function, the point of tangency would indicate the coordinates of the plan. Generalizing this procedure reveals a "whole system of rates of substitution" that "may be looked upon as relative shadow prices" or "state preference prices" (348–49). The problem was that Drewnowski did not have the state indifference curve. So how was the point of tangency determined? In his theory, the plan or output targets are given exogenously. The planners' preferred point on the production frontier is found before the planners' indifference curve is found. The state preference prices depend on the slopes of the arbitrarily drawn segments of indifference curves. Because the plan is a given, the laboriously revealed state preference function is superfluous (Roberts 1968a, 1972).
When Drewnowski's theory exploded, some economists fell back on Oskar Lange's (1938) theory of socialist planning. Lange's "theory" is market simulation disguised in socialist vocabulary that creates the illusion of planning. His model depicts the market with public ownership and therefore embodies all the exchange relationships of commodity production. The purpose of central planning, however, was to eliminate the market, not to simulate it. Lange took the concept of socialist planning out of its historical context and obscured it. He turned the debate about socialist planning into a discussion of the logical consistency of models of market simulation —-their determinacy, stability, and convergence toward equilibrium. It was easy to show that his "theory" permitted no planner to derive a central plan (Roberts 1971b, 1973b).
Economists fell for Lange's "theory" because they were unfamiliar with Marxist aspirations. Marx attributed the alienation of man to commodity production—that is, to an economic system that organized production for sale on the market. Economic crises and all the evils that Marx attributed to capitalism followed from the structure of commodity production (Roberts and Stephenson 1968, 1973, 1983). The purpose of socialist planning was to eliminate market exchange and organize production for society's direct use. The economy would be organized as a single factory, and everything produced would have a predetermined aim, as on a self-sufficient feudal manor or family farm.
Unfamiliar with the aspirations of planning, Sovietologists never understood Soviet economic history. When Lenin and the Bolsheviks seized power, those revolutionaries undertook a direct transition to socialism. They were unable to organize the Russian economy to produce for the direct use of society. They did succeed, however, in disrupting all economic relationships, causing famine and widespread rebellion. Looking back on "five years of the Russian Revolution," Lenin acknowledged the "grave political crisis" in 1921. "The reason for it," he said,
was that in our economic offensive we had run too far ahead, that we had not provided ourselves with adequate resources, that the masses sensed what we ourselves were not then able to formulate consciously but what we admitted soon after, a few weeks later, namely, that the direct transition to purely socialist forms, to purely socialist distribution, was beyond our available strength, and that if we were unable to effect a retreat so as to confine ourselves to easier tasks, we would face disaster. (1960–68, 421–22)
Despite unequivocal and overwhelming evidence, Sovietologists and historians misinterpreted the Bolsheviks' efforts to eliminate market exchange as ad hoc measures to deal with civil war and inflation. Western academics placed a non-Marxian interpretation on Soviet economic history that permanently blinded them to the ideological intentions of Soviet planning. Collectivization of agriculture and the Soviet institution of material supply were never understood as part of the communist assault on commodity production.
In my account, Soviet economic history is a product of the interaction of utopian intentions with a refractory reality, an interaction that ended in the abandonment of the original aims of the revolution (Roberts 1970, 1971a, 1971c, 1971d, 1973a, 1990; Roberts and LaFollette 1990). In my account, economic and historical necessities have to make room for speculative excess as a force in history. The powerful socialist symbols of the twentieth century were expressions of passion for conviviality. They represented inordinate aspirations and caused Soviet history to be shaped by aims that did not comport with reality.
Bergson, Abram. 1988. Gorbachev on Soviet Growth Rate. Radio Free Europe, Radio Liberty, March 25.
Communiqué on the Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. 1988. Pravda, February 18, 1.
Drewnowski, Jan. 1961. The Economic Theory of Socialism: A Suggestion for Reconsideration. Journal of Political Economy 69 (August): 341–54.
Franklin, Daniel. 1988. The Soviet Economy. The Economist, April 9.
Gerschenkron, Alexander. 1969. History of Economic Doctrines and Economic History.American Economic Review 59 (May): 1–17.
Lange, Oskar. 1938. On the Economic Theory of Socialism. Minneapolis. University of Minnesota Press.
Lenin, V. I. 1960–68. Collected Works. Vol. 33. London. Lawrence and Wishart.
Nutter, G. Warren. 1962. The Growth of Industrial Production in the Soviet Union. Princeton,N.J.: Princeton University Press.
Resurrection of the Dead. 1979. Wall Street Journal, August 10.
Roberts, Paul Craig. 1968a. Drewnowski's Economic Theory of Socialism. Journal of Political Economy 76 (July–August): 645–50.
———. 1968b. Oskar Lange, Hierarchy, Polycentricity, and the Soviet Economy. In Ve¢decké Informace, 113–44. Prague: Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences.
———. 1969. The Polycentric Soviet Economy. Journal of Law and Economics 12 (April): 163–79.
———. 1970. War Communism: A Re-examination. Slavic Review 29 (June): 238–61.
———. 1971a. Alienation and the Soviet Economy. Albuquerque. University of New Mexico Press.
———. 1971b. Oskar Lange's Theory of Socialist Planning. Journal of Political Economy 79 (May–June): 562–77.
———. 1971c. Professor Roberts Replies. Slavic Review 30 (June): 463–64.
———. 1971d. Review of The Soviet Economy, by Howard J. Sherman. Journal of Political Economy 79 (November–December): 1426–31.
———. 1972. Revealed Planners Preferences Once Again. Journal of Political Economy 80 (May–June): 608–11.
———. 1973a. The Concept of Planning in the Soviet Union. Survey: A Journal of East and West Studies 19 (autumn): 36–44.
———. 1973b. The Theory of Socialist Planning: Reply. Journal of Political Economy 81 (March–April): 465–70.
———. 1990. Alienation and the Soviet Economy (with a new introduction). New York: Holmes and Meier for The Independent Institute.
Roberts, Paul Craig, and Karen LaFollette. 1990. Meltdown:Inside the Soviet Economy. Washington, D.C. Cato Institute.
Roberts, Paul Craig, and Matthew A. Stephenson. 1968. Alienation and Central Planning in Marx. Slavic Review 27 (September): 470–80.
———. 1973. Marx's Theory of Exchange, Alienation, and Crisis. Stanford, Calif.: Hoover Institution Press.
———. 1983. Marx's Theory of Exchange, Alienation, and Crisis (with a new introduction). New York: Praeger.
Samuelson, Paul A., and William D. Nordhaus. 1989. Economics. 13th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. 1988. Report Presented to the Subcommittee on National Security Economics of the Joint Economic Committee of Congress. April 13.
World Bank. 1979. Romania: The Industrialization of an Agrarian Economy under Socialist Planning. New York: World Bank. | <urn:uuid:4a05e80b-d9da-4b59-ae97-39134729b849> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://vdare.net/articles/my-time-with-soviet-economics | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.939397 | 2,957 | 1.953125 | 2 |
Birth of a Black Hole
Feature Story • May 3, 2013
A new kind of cosmic flash may reveal something never seen before: the birth of a black hole. Surveys such as the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF), are well suited to discover these unique events. The intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF), which improves on the PTF and just began surveying in Februa...
The "Supernova of a Generation" Shows Its Stuff
Feature Story • December 24, 2011
It was the brightest and closest stellar explosion seen from Earth in 25 years, dazzling professional and backyard astronomers alike. Now, thanks to this rare discovery—which some have called the "supernova of a generation"—astronomers have the most detailed picture yet of how this kind of explosion happens. | <urn:uuid:7944f783-5342-466c-bd7a-dcd3826fcba6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ptf.caltech.edu/news?category=feature-story | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817032054-20220817062054-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.934621 | 167 | 1.898438 | 2 |
The Wilson Reading System® (WRS) is a highly-structured remedial program that teaches the structure of the language to students who have been unable to learn with other teaching strategies, or who may require multisensory language instruction. WRS may be implemented in both individual and small-group (up to 6 students) settings. Group size affects the recommended scheduling of instruction. Depending on the frequency and intensity of delivery, it can take up to 2-3 years to complete the entire 12-Step curriculum. It is a comprehensive program that can follow students from grade to grade as needed.
Wilson also recommends professional learning and implementation support for teachers and those supporting implementation in WRS. Professional learning opportunities may include:
- WRS Level I Certification Program
- WRS Advanced Coursework and Level II Certification Program
- District Sustainability Plan with a WRS Trainer
In order to ensure the delivery of WRS with fidelity, instructors should hold at least a WRS Level I Certification. The training involved in achieving this certification provides teachers with the knowledge and application skills they need to implement the program with fidelity to maximize student achievement.
To learn more about Professional Learning opportunities click here. | <urn:uuid:493ef4fb-3810-4184-886b-160539332dac> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.wilsonlanguage.com/programs/wilson-reading-system/implementation/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279410.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00165-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.927935 | 242 | 2.5 | 2 |
3 Essential Rules for Dealing With the Government
[This essay was excerpted from Harry Browne’s book How I Found Freedom in an Unfree World. Although first published in 1973, the themes and lessons he espouses are as relevant today as they were when he first wrote about them. Mr. Browne was a pioneer of the financial newsletter industry, and he churned out actionable solutions for people who wanted to escape the effects of government on their finances and lives. We’re proud to share a few of his thoughts, below.]
The first principle in dealing with government is: Don’t be awed by it.
What little the government achieves is almost always due to the voluntary participation of its citizens. Those who don’t want to help the government can go their own ways without running into much trouble.
The second principle is: Don’t confront the government. A sure way to make your life miserable is to attack the government head on. Its resources are limited, and it can’t waste them tracking down every possible violator of every law. But it will certainly aim its power at anyone who publicly defies it.
So keep to yourself, do what you have to do.
The third rule in dealing with government is: Don’t organize. Don’t get a large group of people together to defy tax laws, promote ways of circumventing the government, or openly violate regulations.
Any activity big enough to require a leader is big enough to be noticed and attacked.
By joining protests, you might wind up in jail. And you won’t have much freedom there.
And mass campaigns are easy targets. That’s where the government is likely to devote its limited resources. When many people are doing the same thing, it’s easy to stop them by passing laws or by applying existing laws against them.
When you act alone, however, you’re usually not worth the trouble.
And when you act alone, you can flexibly do whatever is necessary to stay ahead of the government. If new laws are passed, you can change your methods to continue doing what you want to do.
No cumbersome, bureaucratic government can move as fast as an individual who’s determined to stay ahead of it.
There are limitless possibilities for avoiding government — without crises, court battles, or fear of being jailed.
Start by listing the governmental restrictions that inhibit your freedom.
Determine the possible consequences of ignoring them. It may be that no more than a warning is involved if you’re caught. And you might also find that there are legal ways of avoiding the restrictions — if they’re important enough to be worth the time to investigate.
In many cases, you can just ignore the law without incurring dangerous consequences. In others, you may have to go to more trouble — such as consulting an attorney or tax accountant.
But act for yourself. Don’t organize, and don’t look to leaders to help you. Any activity big enough to require a leader is big enough to be noticed and attacked.
For most people, there are more than enough loopholes available to be able to operate freely without running afoul of the law. More than anything else, it simply requires the determination to do so.
For example, I know of a company that operates successfully in spite of governmental regulations. The state in which it’s located has been trying to license it for five years, and a federal agency has been trying to shut it down for violating a regulation. The state legislature even passed a special law to bring the company under its jurisdiction.
But to this day, the company still operates in its own way, pleasing its customers, and making profits for its owners. They’ve moved flexibly and easily into a different method of operation every time a ruling has been made against them. They’ve had to pay attorneys’ fees, but those are insignificant compared to the profits they would have lost had they given in to the bureaucrats.
I once had a similar experience. I was operating a small business in California — burdened with payroll taxes, bookkeeping requirements, and other regulations imposed by the government. There were Social Security taxes, unemployment insurance taxes, disability insurance taxes, and income taxes to be paid or withheld. They cost me money and time, and they reduced the take-home pay of my employees.
I regularly received notices from an organization whose purpose was to end payroll taxes. They requested funds, of course, and they also wanted me to join a protest movement to quit withholding taxes once the membership was large enough to be intimidating.
Naturally, I didn’t get involved. Instead, I fired all the employees (including myself) and made contracts with each person for his services. Since I no longer had any employees, I no longer paid or withheld payroll taxes. No bureaucrat called on me to find out why the revenue to the state had been lost.
Meanwhile, the protest movement died its inevitable death, and other employers continued paying payroll taxes.
The “employees” of my company received an additional benefit. They were now independent businessmen, selling their services to me, so they could designate their homes as their offices, coming to my office to perform services for me.
As a result, each of them had far more tax deductions. He could claim as business deductions part of his household expenses, telephone bills, utility bills, car expenses, and other things that are normally considered to be personal expenses. Even with no income tax withheld, very few of them owed anything in taxes at the end of the year.
None of them bothered to file quarterly tax estimates, and none of them ran into any trouble from the Internal Revenue Service.
The simple change from employee status to that of independent contractor resulted in lower taxes for everyone concerned. It’s a small and common example — but there are probably millions of people who could use that loophole and don’t.
It’s well known that there are thousands of millionaires who don’t pay income taxes. Some of them avoid property taxes as well. Occasionally, there’s a hue and cry about it in Congress, but no effective changes are made.
No tax law could be written (short of 100% confiscation) that wouldn’t have numerous loopholes. As one loophole is closed, another opens up. Part of the reason may be that Congressmen don’t like to pay taxes, either.
Some people evade taxes by changing their citizenship and/or by operating personal holding corporations through tax-free countries. If you make $25,000 or more per year, it’s probably worth looking into. Others move to countries with more favorable tax structures. Did you know, for example, that writers, artists, and other creative people are exempt from income taxes in Ireland?
The laws provide loopholes that allow individuals to establish personal tax-free foundations that receive all their income and pay their personal expenses — without the money being taxable to anyone involved. Unfortunately, a group of people tried to organize this method into a mass movement about five years ago, which resulted in offsetting legislation. But the loophole is still used.
Inheritance taxes can be legally avoided, too. Sometimes it requires only that property be co-owned or transferred prior to death. The important thing is to avoid the normal postmortem legal processing of an estate.
There are a multitude of ways to legally avoid taxes. I can’t list them here or that would defeat their purpose. And you won’t find them in magazine articles about taxes.
Much of the information in those articles comes straight from the booklet that accompanies your tax return. But once you’re determined to cut your taxes, you should be able to find the best ways for yourself.
Ed. Note: Now that you’ve read Harry’s piece, you have a choice. Will you take your liberty into your own hands or not? Readers of today’s Daily Reckoning email edition were given a specific opportunity to do just that… If you were among them, you’re aware of a chance to discover how to save thousands on your taxes. Your accountant probably doesn’t know any of the tricks explained. Sign up for the FREE Daily Reckoning email edition, right here, so that you do not miss these opportunities in the future. | <urn:uuid:28fd61f3-2ed1-4178-af9c-7e1d1f247f7c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://dailyreckoning.com/timeless-tax-tips-there-is-always-a-loophole/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279489.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00016-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973612 | 1,739 | 2.296875 | 2 |
Access To Family Planning Services Important For Adolescent Women
In a Huffington Post "Global Motherhood" opinion piece, UNFPA Executive Director Babatunde Osotimehin writes, "[I]t warms my heart to see that safe motherhood and women's reproductive health are finally being recognized as important development issues," but "millions of women in developing countries still lack even the most basic care during pregnancy," leading to maternal death and injury and hundreds of millions of women lack access to family planning services, including modern contraceptives. "It is inexcusable that in the 21st century motherhood remains so dangerous for so many. It is not only morally wrong but also hampers economic development and the survival and well-being of families, communities and nations," he writes.
Noting "maternal death [is] the most common cause of death for girls between 15 and 19 years old," Osotimehin continues, "Both in my current job and when I was Minister of Health in Nigeria, I have seen the tremendous effect of investing in the education and health of adolescent girls. When a girl gets an education, has the power to delay her first pregnancy, and is healthy and equipped with the right skills and opportunities, she holds the key to unlocking many of the world's most pressing problems: reducing maternal and child death, halting the spread of HIV, breaking the cycle of poverty, advancing gender equality and propelling countries' social and economic development." He concludes, "It is my sincere hope that all young people, including adolescent girls, will get the needed opportunities to realize their potential and to live fulfilling, healthy lives" (4/18).This is part of the KHN Morning Briefing, a summary of health policy coverage from major news organizations. Sign up for an email subscription. | <urn:uuid:ccb70bb8-59a4-4fe6-a147-49d7ac038e00> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://khn.org/morning-breakout/gh-041912-opinion-family-planning-girls/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.958942 | 366 | 2.734375 | 3 |
Here is an attempt at an ultrasonic sensor system for tracking an emitter’s relative distance and angle so that an autonomous quad-copter can follow a subject.
The system works by recognizing changes in the arrival time of the US pulses generated by an emitter. If the subject moves away the emitter’s US signal will arrive later than expected. The subject’s relative angle is calculated based on the difference in the signal’s arrival time at a pair of receivers.
Emitter in front and Arduino Uno with shield and two US receivers behind
The system’s emitter uses a MaxBotix MB1360 range finder as an US pulse generator. Unlike typical range finding which uses the time a signal travels to an obstacle and back to calculate distance, this system utilizes one way travel: from emitter to receiver. This principle should have double the range of a typical range finder. This doubling also applies to the resolution of the system, which means a decrease in accuracy. Based on the specifications of the MB1360 the system’s theoretical range limit would be 70 feet with distance accuracy of 0.8 inches.
Emitter with MB1360 (left side) built on a proto-board
At this point the prototype system has a range of 30 feet and a distance resolution of 2-3 inches. While this isn’t pushing the limits of the technology it should be good enough to guide a quad-copter to follow the emitter. I have identified two ways to improve the system’s performance: increased processor speed and receiver sensitivity.
Aduino Uno with proto-shield
One of the two EngineeringShock US receivers
While improved performance would be nice, the greater challenge I face is incorporating the sensor system with my quad-copter. How do I get the microprocessor to communicate with the APM 2.6 flight controller?
Quad-copter with two US receivers at 2 foot spacing (and not much else)
As I understand it the onboard micro-controller needs to speak “MAVLink” to the APM and this can be done via their SPI functionality. To begin with programming is not my strong suit. The tutorials that I have found for integrating MAVLink and Arduino seem to be geared toward use in a ground station instead of onboard. I think the interface methodology would be similar to that of an optical flow sensor that detects the vehicle’s motion and commands to the flight-controller to maintain position. Only in this case the sensor system would detect the subject’s relative change in position and command the controller accordingly.
This effort has taken a few wrong turns along the way and was put on hold while I wrote and filed a provisional patent for the concept. Now I need to get it functioning to prove its worth. Corrections, advice, and insights appreciated. | <urn:uuid:6cd879df-d633-4f57-8557-f4416034aa8b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://diydrones.com/profiles/blogs/ultrasonic-follower-sensor-system | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00315-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.931319 | 589 | 2.4375 | 2 |
Imagine a land of sparkling skyscrapers built in a land so humid that, if you shut your eyes, you could almost feel the rain forest drip down onto your cheeks. This is Singapore, a slick, modern, island nation known for her diverse population, epitomized by an astounding four official languages (Chinese, English, Malay, and Tamil).
Where once towering jungle stood, glass and steel now touch the sky.
If you’re looking for sprawling nature, you’ll have to spread out a little, and explore her 50 other small islands.
Anthony Bourdain said of Singapore’s melting pot: “If you love food, this might be the best place on earth.” The irony, of course, is that this spectacular food comes served in Food Courts, something I steer clear of in our Midwestern malls, where sad toothpicks of syrupy chicken are pushed in my direction, as unwelcome as they are flabby.
But food courts in Singapore are a different animal entirely. In the clean, often noisy kitchens which overlook clusters of metal tables and chairs, chefs are local stars – specialists in their specific cuisine, whether it be Indian, Chinese, Malaysian, or even Nonya (a popular blend of Chinese and Malaysian cooking styles).
While 80-90% of the food is imported, there’s still an incredible array of specialties, like Chili Crab or Chicken Rice [Recipe] or Chicken Satay (which we cooked for our Indonesian Global Table)… and, from the sounds of things, you just might get into a friendly brawl over the best food court to get it in.
And quite possibly over how to eat it.
Don’t let the simple names fool you; when you actually bite down on the food of Singapore, you’ll uncover complex flavors in which ginger, garlic, and shallot come together over fragrant rice and under a sweltering layer of one of the many hundreds (thousands!) of local chilli sauces [Recipe].
When I asked readers on our Facebook Page what they’d recommend, the list included such daydream-worthy items as Kaya (coconut milk curd) [Recipe], Oyster Omelets, and even bobor cha cha (a sweet potato and coconut milk tapioca custard). Spicy noodles called Laksa were mentioned several times, while others wrote to suggest Mee Goreng (fried noodles). There’s also a healthy Indian population, so roti, curried lentils, and rice pancakes (appam) are readily available.
I can’t complete this list without mentioning Bourdain’s recommendations for those of you who would like something a little more extreme: bone soup and shark head. The first involves using a straw to suck marrow out of blood red bones, while the second is… well… exactly what it sounds like, cooked shark head. Perhaps you’d like it with a few bites of coconut rice (nasi lemak)?
You go first. | <urn:uuid:9fcaafb5-d484-4e4a-ae77-88588aab4b5e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://globaltableadventure.com/2013/02/05/about-the-food-of-singapore/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00228-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.923117 | 631 | 1.578125 | 2 |
As we begin to approach the winter months, the sweet, summer affairs with your vintage vehicles are slowly coming to an end. Temperatures are now too cold to justify journeys with the car roof down, and, as the weather turns, opportunities to take the car out for a spin are becoming increasingly few and far between.
When it comes to classic cars, style and aesthetics often take priority over practicality. As a result, packing your prized possession up for the winter is often not just as simple as storing it on the driveway.
And given the price of antique cars themselves, it makes sense to invest in preparing your vehicle well for classic car storage in order to ensure it is fully protected until the following year.
Read on for our list of 10 factors to take into account when storing your classic vehicle.
1. Deep Clean
Vintage car fanatics know that there’s nothing worse than putting classic cars into storage and then rediscovering them, realizing that general uncleanliness has turned into rust or mold.
When it comes to cars, especially old ones, any level of dirt, dust, or debris can turn into corrosion. Moreover, this damage becomes costly to repair in the future.
You can avoid this by giving your vehicle a thorough wash and polish, and applying a layer of protective wax before putting it into storage. However, If you have a soft top, make sure to leave it up. Folding it away during the winter months could increase chances of mold.
In addition, putting a box of baking soda inside the car is a good way to absorb unwanted smells. Furthermore, after washing your car, take it for a short spin to dry off the brake discs and prevent them from rusting.
2. Fill With Oil and Gasoline
More anti-rusting tips include filling your classic car’s engine up with gasoline in order to prevent excess moisture from building up in open spaces and causing oxidation.
To stop the fuel from hardening up, try adding some fuel stabilizer and then driving the car around the block once. This will let it spread throughout the system, before topping off the tank fully with gasoline.
Leaving old, dirty oil in a tank can also cause rusting, which is why it is also advisable to fill up with fresh, new oil before keeping a classic car in a garage.
3. Windshield Wipers
Make sure to lift your windshield wipers off the glass screen before putting your vehicle into vintage car storage.
Leaving them down means you run the risk of the wipers sticking to the glass over time. This can damage the rubber and make them unusable.
Even if the engine is turned off, car batteries will continue running on a daily basis. This is because small amounts of electricity continue to run throughout the vehicle. As a result, it’s best to take your battery out entirely if you’re keeping a classic car in a garage for the winter.
The optimum battery storage conditions are inside the house. That being said, if you do have to store a battery in the garage, make sure it’s not kept directly on the floor and place some wood underneath to protect it from the cold.
If you plan to run your car every now and then during the winter, use a cycling charger to avoid the risk of the battery discharging after not being used. Otherwise, this could result in permanent damage.
5. Cover Up
Regardless of what car storage ideas you have in mind, putting a cover on your vehicle can be a good idea to prevent excess moisture.
However, be careful of the material you are using to protect it. Plastic or waterproof materials can cause the equivalent of car sweat. This produces unwanted moisture that can cause rusting if left for long periods of time.
Classic car aficionados: your best bet is a breathable car cover which is ideally semi-tailored to the shape of your car.
6. Eye on the Tires
Long periods of inactivity can be confusing for car tires, as they are designed to move. In order to prepare them, start by pumping them up well, ideally to the maximum air pressure suggested.
After this, set about removing and cleaning each wheel nut thoroughly, making sure to use anti-seize grease on each of the threads.
In order to prevent the tires from flat-spotting, jack the car using axle stands to take the pressure off the wheels.
7. Check Fluid Levels
Just as with the levels of oil and gasoline, leaving empty spaces in antifreeze containers can also cause problems. Therefore, make sure that the liquid levels are topped off and that the antifreeze you’re using is at the correct concentration.
Likewise, when it comes to windshield washer fluid, make sure to top levels off and use fluid which is premixed correctly, or mix it 50/50 with distilled water. Remember to also top off levels of transmission fluid and brake fluid.
8. Protect From Unwanted Attention
Naturally, buying a classic car comes with assuming the risk that it will attract more attention than other types of vehicles. And unfortunately, paying for specialized antique auto classic car storage isn’t an option for everyone.
If you decide to store your car in a garage, you may want to consider blacking out the windows so that it is not visible from the outside.
Another wise investment, if you can afford it, is to install CCTV cameras or an alarm outside the garage, both to deter thieves and to provide proof of any trouble.
9. Choose Storage Space
During the winter, deciding where to store a classic car is one of the most important decisions to make. The best storage option for a classic car is to keep it inside a brick garage or a classic car storage facility, in order to guarantee consistency in temperature and moisture.
If you don’t have access to a brick garage, a pre-cast concrete or wooden unit is also a good option. That being said, you should also consider investing in a quality cover for your car.
If you opt for heated classic car storage, make sure to check the levels of humidity in the air in order to prevent rust. Ideal humidity levels tend to be around 45%.
Whatever you do, especially if your only option is to store your classic car outside during the winter, make sure you keep it out of direct sunlight in order to prevent the paintwork from fading in the sun.
Looking for affordable classic car storage? We pair garage owners with drivers looking for a place to store their vintage vehicles.
10. Clean After Every Drive
When the itch to take your vintage vehicle for a spin hits during the winter, by all means take it out for a drive, but make sure to clean it thoroughly after usage.
Ensure your drive is a minimum of 10 miles long in order to guarantee that all parts of the engine warm up and clear out any moisture.
Upon return, make sure to clean the car’s undercarriage with a hose in order to rinse off any salt that might have gathered from grit on the roads. And make sure everything is dry before putting your car back into storage again!
Despite not physically driving your vintage car as often, or perhaps not at all, during the winter months, they can often require almost the same levels of maintenance as during the summer.
Regardless of the season, however, the longer you are prepared to continue investing time and money into your vehicle -- which includes a classic car storage method that works for you -- the longer you are guaranteed to carry on reaping the benefits of such a timeless vehicle. | <urn:uuid:86a31902-5b3d-49af-80b1-49b7f16a1daa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.stache.com/blog/10-storage-considerations-your-classic-car/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00674.warc.gz | en | 0.947392 | 1,572 | 1.570313 | 2 |
- Support NDN
Why, Yes, We Do Have to Regulate Some Executive Pay
The House of Representatives has committed some fumbles this year, but the legislation passed last week to regulate executive compensation in large public companies is sorely overdue. By any plausible standard, compensation for the very upper reaches of American business has been out of control for a long time. In 1991, candidate Bill Clinton scolded corporate America for rewarding the average CEO 80 to 90 times what their average worker earned -- compared to a pay gap of just 10 times in Japan. Today, the gap here is 250 to 300 times, and it has indirectly contributed to the economic turmoil affecting us all.
There's an untold story here that shows how genuinely hard it is to regulate how wealthy institutions and their executives conduct themselves, especially when it goes directly to their personal interest. Back in the fall of 1991, the young and still largely unknown Bill Clinton agreed to deliver three major policy addresses at Georgetown University, designed to dispel any doubts in the press about the depth of his knowledge and the breadth of his intellect. (It succeeded brilliantly: By December, the media had anointed him as the frontrunner.) The first address was on the economy; and on the appointed day, George Stephanopoulos (then Clinton's new top personal aide), Bruce Reed (the campaign issues director) and myself (the chief economic advisor) met to go over last minute changes. Clinton wanted to add a new section on executive pay and offered up his solution: Limit a company's right to deduct salary expenses to, say, $1 million for each individual. The economist in me warned that this approach probably wouldn't work: Most companies would find ways to reward their executives outside the limit, and most companies wouldn't care how much of it was deductible. So, I ventured an alternative: Require a shareholder vote to approve the annual compensation of executives earning more than, say, $1 million (it was 1991). After all, the shareholders are a company's actual owners. If the owners were okay with a $200 million payday for a successful executive or $20 million for another who drove the company into the ground, who are we to complain - especially since the pay packages ultimately came out of the owner's own dividends. In practice, the prospect of annual shareholder votes could effectively constrain executive pay, since most companies wouldn't dare to award their senior people pay packages that their shareholders would publicly reject.
My idea was overruled by the political gurus, who concluded it would be too subtle for the public. So the candidate stuck with limited deductibility, which we now know had no effect on out-of-control executive compensation.
The financial crisis could change all that. Barney Frank -- who has truly come into his own as chair of the House Financial Services Committee during this crisis - last week convinced the House to require a "shareholder advisory vote" on executive compensation. The proposal is weaker than it could be - the vote should settle the matter, not be merely advisory -- but the basic idea is right: Let a firm's owners decide how much its executives are worth.
The current arrangements have two glaring defects. The first involves self-dealing or what might be called "crony compensation." In the cozy arrangement of most large public companies, the pay packages for top executives are set by a firm's compensation committee, whose members are drawn from the board of directors. As it happens, most of those directors are also chosen by the executives whose pay they then determine; and to top off this mutual back-scratching, the committees often set compensation for the directors, including themselves. The results leave everyone involved a lot richer - except the shareholders -- and may account for as much as one-third to one-half of the current cavernous gap between executive and workers' pay. That's why it makes eminent sense to have shareholders review these self-interested decisions. Frank's legislation, which also directs that compensation committees be comprised entirely of "independent" directors (those who are not also executives of the company), would be at least a step forward.
The second defect goes to the particular ways that many executives, in effect, reward themselves: Their compensation arrangements pay them handsomely for short-term gains, with no adjustment or recourse if the same decisions end up producing large losses down the line. The obvious losers, once again, are the shareholders, who pay the dealmakers princely sums for decisions that may end up costing the company dearly. But as the financial crisis has shown, these arrangements can deeply distort these managers' incentives, focusing them on investments and other decisions that produce a quick payday but also involve large long-term risks. When reckless risk-taking becomes endemic - for example, creating trillions of dollars in unsound securities and trillions more in their derivatives, as Wall Street has done in recent years - the fallout can pull down the entire economy. That makes it all of our business, and the Frank legislation also directs federal regulators to define and ban "inappropriate or imprudently risky compensation practices." It's a beginning.
There may not be much time, because the old practices that got us into this mess still go on. Goldman Sachs and other financial titans which a few months ago happily took tens of billions of dollars in direct and indirect taxpayer bailouts are already preparing to dole out billions of dollars in new bonuses to their executives and top traders, based on new deals which have generated large, short-term profits but also are said to involve large, long-term risks. It's no surprise: The compensation committees and their practices haven't changed, and now they also know that whatever happens, they'll be bailed out. Ironically, the bailouts that saved us from a second Great Depression may also bolster some of the distortions that threaten to produce it. If we want to avert another, even worse crisis, basic economics tells us that these compensation practices have to go. | <urn:uuid:94359403-7233-441b-a8ed-f0abb40017b9> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://ndn.org/blog/2009/08/why-yes-we-do-have-regulate-some-executive-pay | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718309.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00405-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973286 | 1,201 | 1.570313 | 2 |
- Research Handbooks in International Law series
Edited by Vincent Chetail and Céline Bauloz
Chapter 25: International humanitarian law and the protection of internally displaced persons
Displacement of people is one of the most immediate and widespread consequence of contemporary armed conflicts and is a matter of growing concern on every continent. Listening to armed conflict-affected people in eight countries, a survey from the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) revealed that more than half of all people affected by armed hostilities had had to leave their homes. War-affected persons rank displacement as their most traumatic experience or as one of their greatest fears. Probably the most frequent phenomenon is that people flee from the effects of armed hostilities because the armed conflict is not fought according to the rules of international humanitarian law (IHL). For instance, they are victims of direct attacks, ill-treatment, destruction of property, sexual violence or they have restricted access to health care and other essential services. Whereas those who go to another country - refugees - have long been recognized under international law and given assistance, those who do not cross an international border - internally displaced persons (IDPs) - often have to fend for themselves. As their numbers have grown - there are now more than 27 million around the world - so has the humanitarian and legal attention they are paid. The need to better address the concerns faced by IDPs with specific international standards protecting them became apparent in the 1990s, in particular because of the increase of non-international armed conflicts-induced IDPs.
You are not authenticated to view the full text of this chapter or article.
Elgaronline requires a subscription or purchase to access the full text of books or journals. Please login through your library system or with your personal username and password on the homepage.
Non-subscribers can freely search the site, view abstracts/ extracts and download selected front matter and introductory chapters for personal use.
Your library may not have purchased all subject areas. If you are authenticated and think you should have access to this title, please contact your librarian. | <urn:uuid:82120a04-220c-4d4b-90de-2c74adc4410b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.elgaronline.com/view/9780857930040.00035.xml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00506-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947212 | 422 | 2.8125 | 3 |
I remember as a child learning about Abraham Lincoln and George Washington during the month of February since their birthdays are Feb. 12th and Feb. 22nd, respectively. I don't know who decided that we should have "Presidents' Day" instead. Since this is known as Presidents' Day weekend, I thought I'd pass on several interesting things that are supposed to be true from presidential history.
Lincoln And Kennedy
I submit two presidents, two centuries, two assassins, and some mighty strange coincidences.
Abraham Lincoln was elected to Congress in 1846.
John F. Kennedy was elected to Congress in 1946.
Lincoln was elected President in 1860.
Kennedy was elected President in 1960.
The names Lincoln and Kennedy each contain seven letters.
Both were particularly concerned with civil rights.
Both wives lost children while living in the White House.
Both Presidents were shot on a Friday.
Both were shot in the head.
Lincoln's secretary was named Kennedy.
Kennedy's secretary was named Lincoln.
Both were assassinated by Southerners.
Both were succeeded by Southerners.
Both successors were named Johnson.
Andrew Johnson, who succeeded Lincoln, was born in 1808.
Lyndon Johnson, who succeeded Kennedy, was born in 1908.
John Wilkes Booth, who assassinated Lincoln was born in 1839.
Lee Harvey Oswald, who assassinated Kennedy was born in 1939.
Both assassins were known by their three names.
Both names are made of fifteen letters.
Booth ran from the theater and was caught in a warehouse.
Oswald ran from a warehouse and was caught in a theater.
Booth and Oswald were both assassinated before their trials.
A week before Lincoln was shot, he visited Monroe, Maryland.
A week before Kennedy was shot, he was with Marilyn Monroe.
Presidential Potholes - some things that former presidents would probably have rather had forgotten about them.
Andrew Jackson fought many duels and had two bullets lodged in his body.
Thomas Jefferson kept caged grizzly bears at the White House.
Ida Saxton McKinley, the President's wife suffered from seizures and could pass out in the middle of conversation without falling from her chair. When this happened the President simply threw a handkerchief over her face until she came to and carried on the conversation.
Grover Cleveland answered his own phone at the White House.
President W. H. Taft weighed over 300 pounds. Once he got stuck in the White House bathtub and had to be helped out. A special bathtub, big enough for four average men had to be built for him.
Franklin Roosevelt was superstitious and refused to sit at a table of 13 people.
First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt was so good at sports that little Quentin once said, "I'll bet Mother was a boy when she was little."
The Fillmores brought the first kitchen stove into the White House, but the cook could not figure out how it worked. The President visited the patent office, read the drawings, saw the model, learned how to work it, and then went back to the White House to teach what he had learned to the cook.
By the age of 15, Harry Truman had read every book in the public library in Independence, MO, but he never attended college.
At the dinner table Jimmy Carter's daughter sometimes recited the blessing with the help of her toy toaster which popped up Bible verses.
Mrs. Rutherford B. Hayes hand painted her own china. Some of it was quite unappetizing, representing animals fighting and birds eating rotten vegetables.
President Clinton voiced support for school uniforms to cut down on violence. It sure has done wonders for the United States Postal Service!
Print This Post
If you enjoyed this post, to get updates when I post to my blog, sign up for your preferred method below — RSS, Twitter, or e-mail. | <urn:uuid:375571a7-d993-49d5-be22-97715f7188a5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://blog.ivman.com/hail-to-the-chief/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00181-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.986886 | 815 | 2.890625 | 3 |
When C was about 10 weeks old, she started refusing to feed from a bottle. Initial reluctance rapidly turned into violent resistance, and if I actually managed to get the teat near her mouth, it was met only by screams.
My despair at the situation was tempered only by the fact that it turned out not to be particularly unusual. Two mothers I knew had had the same experience – trouble free bottle feeding morphing into complete refusal – and several others (including, ahem, my own mother) had never managed to get their babies to feed from a bottle.
On the web, several discussion forums were devoted to the topic, and here I found a glimmer of hope: many parents who had experienced similar problems had eventually been able to get their babies to accept bottles. Reading the advice was nevertheless confusing. There were a multitude of conditions that apparently dictated whether infants would feed from a bottle: mothers needed to be around to provide comfort/mothers needed to be completely out of the house; babies shouldn’t be really hungry (they might get too upset)/babies should be really hungry (they won’t let themselves starve); silicon teats were better than rubber/rubber teats were better than silicon…
The only thing that all the success stories had in common was that the parents persisted in offering their children bottles. This in itself is not a great revelation – if a bottle isn’t offered, then it cannot be accepted – but it was reassuring to know that just because a baby resolutely refuses a bottle at one point, it doesn’t necessarily mean she always will.
Keeping this in mind, we started to offer C a bottle everyday, containing just an ounce of expressed milk to start with. I abandoned my frustration, and decided not to worry too much whether she took it or left it. Perhaps because I was no longer anxious, C stopped crying when the bottle was near her. Sometimes she drank a little bit of milk, sometimes she just chewed on the teat, sometimes she spat it out. Eventually, she became so comfortable feeding this way that she’d grab the bottle with both hands and help push it into her mouth! Whether it was decoupling the stress from the situation, the increasing familiarity of the bottle, or a sudden turnaround that would have happened regardless of what we had done is impossible to know, but for now at least, bottle refusal is thankfully in the distant past. | <urn:uuid:ba4a20d7-9510-44c4-a3be-6eafe3f51006> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://thetruthaboutbreastfeeding.com/category/journal/bottle-feeding/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00429-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.988505 | 497 | 1.773438 | 2 |
HUNDREDS of people gathered in Wormelow to remember the life of one of the county's most decorated Second World War heroines.
The life of Violette Szabo, a 23-year-old spy executed at Ravensbruck in 1945, was recalled at a 14th memorial celebration at Cartref.
The house, which Violette spent many holidays during her short life, is now owned by Rosemary Rigby.
Rosemary also owns and founded the Violette Szabo Museum there.
Mrs Szabo's life was made into the 1958 film Carve Her Name With Pride, which starred Virginia McKenna as the war heroine.
Virginia was at the memorial, while the film was played at Much Birch Village Hall.
"We had between 500 and 600 people there – the garden was packed," said Rosemary.
"Virginia also presented a black and white photograph of herself from the film, which was sold for £420." | <urn:uuid:b8704ab4-7fc5-4a0b-a6f4-38eeeb514b26> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.herefordtimes.com/news/11340852.War_heroine_remembered_in_Wormelow/?ref=var_0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00454-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.984842 | 194 | 2.109375 | 2 |
There are situations, such as after a stay in hospital, in which there is a temporary need for care, or a person in need of care who was previously cared for at home is not yet fit enough for domiciliary care.
Short-term care is designed for temporary situations in which the person in need cannot be appropriately cared for at home. Family caregivers are supported temporarily and can relax and rest while the person in need receives the care and assistance they require.
Short-term or complementary care - what is the difference between the two?
Short-term care is limited to a period of 56 days (eight weeks) per year. During this period,
long-term care insurance companies cover care costs in a care facility up to a total amount of €1,612. Short-term and complementary care can also be combined.
Complementary care is limited to 42 days (six weeks) per year and long-term care insurance also covers care costs up to a total amount of €1,612. The maximum entitlement to cost coverage is therefore €3,224 for a maximum period of 14 weeks per calendar year. In contrast to short-term care, complementary care can also be provided at the person’s home, while short-term care is only possible in a suitable care facility. To claim complementary care you must have already looked after your family member at home for six months.
Flexible and plannable
All of our care and nursing homes offer short-term care subject to availability. This means that a current vacancy can be allocated to a person in need of short-term care. Reserving short-term care in advance for a specific period is only possible in the special short-term care unit in our Haus an der Rümannstraße residence.
Short-term care is necessary or expedient if
- a person who has previously been cared for at home is not well enough to be looked after there after a stay in hospital.
- an elderly person who has previously lived alone needs professional care for a limited period after an illness or an accident.
- the care needs of the family member looked after at home suddenly increase and the caregiver cannot cope.
- the need for care arises unexpectedly and time is required to organise domiciliary care.
- the caregiver falls ill and is temporarily unable to provide care.
- the caregiver needs a break due to mental and physical stress or would simply like to go on holiday.
- the person in need can no longer be cared for at home, but no vacancy in a home has yet been found or is available.
- the short-term care is by way of testing the residence with a view to staying there permanently.
Do you have questions or would you like to book short-term care? Please call us or write us.
Care and accommodation arrangements
Kirchseeoner Straße 3
+49 89 62020 340
Planned short-term care Schwabing
+49 89 30796 225 | <urn:uuid:b51e4915-9b90-491e-886a-b1f504e4fa74> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.muenchenstift.de/en/care/short-term.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571538.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812014923-20220812044923-00468.warc.gz | en | 0.957039 | 678 | 1.804688 | 2 |
The Magdala, South Hill Park, Hampstead, London.
'The Magdala is renowned as the site
outside which Ruth Ellis[,]
the last woman in England to be hanged,
shot and killed her lover, David Blakely,
on Easter Sunday 1955.
The victim of domestic abuse, it is still
being argued that Ruth's sentence
should be posthumously quashed from
murder to manslaughter.
The bullet holes are
still evident today.'
Needless to say I didn't go looking for bullet holes. | <urn:uuid:f90604b5-3e7d-4462-9eb3-bde3c9b2e317> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://tonyshaw3.blogspot.com/2013/09/ruth-ellis-in-hampstead.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281450.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00182-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.905739 | 116 | 1.546875 | 2 |
Food for Thought Continued
- Hmmmm. I guess we’re just so technologically advanced as to not want to use a river for transporting people and materials. If it was good enough to be used during a weather emergency 100 years ago it’s not good enough to be utilized in the 21st century.
- Hmmmm. In some places people use gunfire to attract attention. Like in the "Ramar of the Jungle" films or some other fiction. In some places in the United States people do use guns to communicate more than their displeasure with their neighbor. In an emergency situation they may fire their weapon to indicate their location. Maybe that’s what the rescuers misinterpreted.
- Louisiana's governor is Kathleen Babineaux Blanco. Female, white and Democrat. The help her state, and the city of New Orleans in particular, received is the topic of discussion around the world.
The assistance received in Mississippi was decidedly different. According to Governor Haley Barbour, white, male and Republican, who stated in a televised interview on Sunday "Over here, we had the Coast Guard in Monday night. They took 1,700 people off the roofs of houses with guys hanging off of helicopters to get them. They sent us a million meals last night because we'd eaten everything through. Everything hasn't been perfect here, by any stretch of the imagination.... But the federal government has been good partners to us. They've tried hard."
- Perhaps this colossal lapse in leadership is the result of incompetence, partisan politics, poor planning, bureaucratic territorialism, racism, sexism, and just plain old complacence...or a combination of them all.
There are 12 different states dealing with more than 200,000 survivors. There are corpses in the streets of New Orleans. There is life threatening disease in the receding flood waters filled with the corpses of dead animals and humans along with raw sewage and toxic chemicals. The clean up will take months. Some experts predict it could take years.
If you want to help the evacuees, please use these helpful links:
To assist with housing needs contact:
Open Your Home
To provide food: | <urn:uuid:fba7c666-e979-4ac3-a521-c4497142608b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://youthinkwhat.com/archive/2005_09_07_archive.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00452-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.948491 | 440 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Health News Headlines English Mistakes
Usually it is believed that folks have more success when one major change is tackled at a time. In consequence this group could have four instances as many job openings which can be due to the necessity to change staff as will come up from growth. A few of us do a greater job of repairing our genes than others which implies that some individuals are extra naturally prone to the unfavorable effects of a carcinogen. Building and grounds cleansing and maintenance occupations includes janitors and cleaners in addition to maids and housekeeping cleaners both of which are expected to be in the highest 20 occupations when it comes to the variety of jobs created.
The number of selfemployed building and grounds cleaning and upkeep staff is anticipated to grow 12.4 percent slightly slower than the 15.Four % for wage and salary workers in providers to buildings and dwellings. Constructing and grounds cleaning and upkeep jobs are inclined to have few academic requirements. Kurzweil’s predictions have us reaching the technological capacity for digital immortality as early as berita viral hari ini 2029. But even if the expertise is at our disposal will we ever really be able to take that leap? Acupuncture is the one of many few alternative medical practice to obtain some credibility; although studies have shown it’s efficient at reducing ache doctors don’t understand how or why. Wages are low as is widespread in occupations with few formal schooling requirements.
It wasn’t that long ago when an alternator solely needed to energy headlights the radio and a few different equipment. While most individuals employed in these occupations receive wages or a salary 7.6 % of the jobs had been held by people who are selfemployed. In 2012 89 percent of those jobs were in occupations that sometimes require less than a high school diploma. See table 15.) Meals preparation and serving with its almost 1 million new jobs is the occupational group with the largest number of jobs being created for individuals and not using a highschool diploma. Of the over 1 million jobs being created in these occupations about three in 4 new jobs are projected to be in meals companies and drinking locations. | <urn:uuid:2c520732-888c-4b0b-bb70-736f28bbd1b9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://extinctionrebellioncanada.com/health-news-headlines-english-mistakes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572192.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815145459-20220815175459-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.970005 | 433 | 2.015625 | 2 |
FRIDAY, JANUARY 11, 2019 Volume 6, Number 8 EIR Daily Alert Service P.O. Box 17390, Washington, DC 20041-0390
EIR Daily Alert
Jan. 10 (EIRNS)—Major strategic actions by Presidents Vladimir Putin and Xi Jinping, followed by President Donald Trump’s most recent orders to end the “forever wars” initiated by his predecessors, are setting the stage for finally ending a quarter-millennium’s bloody reign of the Anglo-Dutch Empire over mankind. This has been the latest and what must be the last example of a long history of imperial rule. At the same time that Queen Elizabeth was boasting of her personal rule over one in every three human beings in her Christmas message, President Trump was advocating that Syria and Afghanistan sovereignly negotiate the establishment of peace in their countries with the support of their neighbors, including Russia, and of the United States. As Helga Zepp-LaRouche, Schiller Institute Chairman, has said, this is the road toward replacing British-managed wars in South and Southwest Asia with the model of the Peace of Westphalia.
Look back for a moment, on a blatant statement of Anglo-Dutch imperialism. On March 6, 1946, the day after Winston Churchill made his infamous “Iron Curtain” speech, Randolph Churchill proclaimed to American writer Walter Lippmann, “We’ll show you. You don’t understand the British Empire. Just let me tell you this. We dragged you into two wars, and we’ll drag you into the third.”
Back to the present, and the break with this evil outlook. In East Asia, China’s President Xi Jinping is pulling out all the stops to ensure the success of the forthcoming summit of President Trump with North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un, which will begin to wind up another big British control and trigger-point. And the most recent U.S.-China trade negotiations in Beijing were characterized by both sides as a qualified success, inasmuch as every single vital issue is now on the table for discussion—giving hope that a final agreement can be reached before March 1.
The geometry Lyndon LaRouche has long fought for, of a Four-Power agreement between the U.S., Russia, China and India, for a New Bretton Woods world credit system, is clearly coming within immediate reach. And who ever understood through the decades that this was even possible? Who fought for it all this time but Lyndon LaRouche and a few around him? Now the New Silk Road or Eurasian Land-Bridge, which LaRouche proposed as part of his New Bretton Woods drive, has long become reality. What is urgent is for the New Bretton Woods agreement to begin to take shape.
None of this achievement and potential for more progress would have happened but for LaRouche’s initiatives. One essential element of this process has been LaRouche’s exposure of the British Empire control over the mind. This must be understood.
We are seeing one aspect of that ‘empire over the mind’ in the problem President Trump is forced to confront at the U.S. southern border as well as elsewhere: Dope, Inc., or what Lyndon LaRouche always calls “Britain’s Opium War against the World.” This indeed requires border security, but much more, since the cartel will find another entry-point whenever one is blocked. Lyndon LaRouche’s famous declaration of War on Drugs in Mexico City in 1985, vividly brings to mind how an alliance of the Four Powers today, which are also the leading space powers, can uniquely win such a war. [https://larouchepub.com/eiw/public/1985/eirv12n13-19850402/ eirv12n13-19850402_036-a_proposed_strategic_operation_a-lar.pdf]
U.S. POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC
Jan. 10 (EIRNS)—China’s President Xi Jinping, following his meeting with the North Korean Chairman Kim Jong-un in Beijing this week, has expressed his support for Kim’s fresh statement committing his country’s denuclearization, saying China was ready to play a “positive” and “constructive” role in the process, hoping that Kim and U.S. President Donald Trump can find some common ground.
Chairman Kim said, after his talks with Xi, that, “The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea will continue sticking to the stance of denuclearization and resolving the Korean Peninsula issue through dialogue and consultation,” according to Xinhua coverage. Kim continued, “At the same time, Pyongyang will make efforts for the second summit between D.P.R.K. and U.S. leaders to achieve results that will be welcomed by the international community.”
In addition, the Korean Central News Agency reported that the Chinese President has accepted an offer to visit Pyongyang after meeting North Korean leader Kim Jong-un. Beijing, however, has yet to confirm the trip.
Jan. 10 (EIRNS)—Following perhaps the most comprehensive Jan. 7-9 trade negotiations held at Beijing between the United States and China, optimism has been expressed by both sides. Today Asia Timesreported that there has been some indication of Chinese moves to address concerns regarding forced technology transfer, including recently proposed legislation that would bar local governments from forcing foreign firms to transfer technology or illegally restricting market access. On the meeting, the U.S. Trade Representative’s office released a statement Jan. 9 that “the talks also focused on China’s pledge to purchase a substantial amount of agricultural, energy, manufactured goods, and other products and services from the United States.”
The USTR statement referred to the Trump-Xi Dec. 1 meeting in Buenos Aires where a decision was made to engage in 90 days of negotiations with a view to achieving needed structural changes in China with respect to forced technology transfer, intellectual property protection, non-tariff barriers, cyber intrusions and cyber theft of trade secrets for commercial purposes, services, and agriculture.
A positive note has also emanated from Beijing where Commerce Ministry spokesperson Gao Feng told a press briefing, “The Chinese side also believes that the implementation mechanism is important.” On Jan. 9 Reuters reported China’s Commerce Ministry calling the trade talks “extensive, deep and thorough,” and saying they provided a “foundation for the resolution of each other’s concerns.”
What is evident is that while some difficult issues have not been resolved, both sides have shown readiness to address those.
People’s Daily, in an unsigned report on the meeting, said its reading that the trade talks meant progress is based upon three indicators: “The first noticeable detail is that the two-day vice-ministerial-level trade talks were extended by half a day. …The second detail worth noting is that Chinese Vice Premier, Liu He, unexpectedly appeared at the venue. …The third detail which shows progress is that the negotiations were candid, in-depth and practical.”
Jan. 10 (EIRNS)—U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo is in Egypt after his stops at Iraq and Jordan, and met today with the Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi in Cairo. “The Secretary reiterated the United States’ commitment to the strategic partnership with Egypt and in its fight against our common security threats, including terrorism and the Iranian regime’s malign influence,” the U.S. State Department readout said.
Beside meeting the Egyptian President, Pompeo spoke at the American University in Cairo, the very place where Barack Obama, in 2009 spoke of a new beginning with Muslim and Arab countries. Without mentioning Obama by name, Pompeo, however, made that identification clear when he said: “It was here, in this city, another American stood before you and told you that radical Islamist terrorism does not stem from ideology. He told you that 9/11 led my country to abandon its ideals, particularly in the Middle East, he said. He told you that the United States and the Muslim world needed, quote, ‘a new beginning.’ The results of these misjudgments have been dire….
“Our eagerness to address only Muslims, not nations, ignored the rich diversity of the Middle East, and frayed old bonds. It undermined the concept of the nation-state, the building block of international stability,” he said. “And our desire for peace at any cost led us to strike a deal with Iran, our common enemy.”
Promising the audience that the Trump Administration was ushering in a new era of U.S. foreign policy, he said “the age of self-inflicted American shame is over, and so are the policies that produced so much needless suffering. Now comes the real new beginning.” The transcript is posted to the State Department website.
THE NEW GLOBAL ECONOMIC ORDER
Jan. 10 (EIRNS)—Businesses representing 70 brands, which are driving the Chinese economy with a sales volume of $500 billion in the past year and with a market capitalization over $1 trillion, met together at an event in Istanbul titled, “One Belt, One Road—We Shape the Future Together,” hosted by the Yunus Emre Institute (YEE) on Jan. 8. The leading firms included China’s largest airline, Air China; the world’s largest dairy producer, Yili; the largest Chinese social media platform, Yidian; the world’s leading computer company, Lenovo; China’s luxury car brand, Infinity; the world’s second-largest computer company, HP; and the world’s largest chip manufacturer, Qualcomm Wireless Communication, reported Turkey’s Daily Sabahtoday.
The conference was organized by the YEE’s newly founded Academic and Scientific Cooperation Project of Turkey, which operates under the auspices of the Presidency of the Republic of Turkey.
Added to the economic significance of the event, the conference promoted improved Turkish-Chinese cultural, academic and scientific interactions, and strengthening of the two nations’ capacity for economic, commercial and technological cooperation.
COLLAPSING WESTERN FINANCIAL SYSTEM
Jan. 10 (EIRNS)—Italian Deputy Prime Minister Luigi Di Maio raised the issue of bank separation (Glass-Steagall) in a ten-point explanation of the government decision to pre-empt a bail-in resolution for the Savings Bank of Genoa (Carige). Point 9 of the statement, which was published on Di Maio’s Facebook page, said: “We will fight in Europe to reform the system of banking supervision and we will implement a separation between commercial and investment banks.”
The weak point of this statement is that changing European law in favor of Glass-Steagall is more difficult than straightening out a dog’s legs.
The Italian government decision on Carige has provoked angry reactions from pro-EU circles. Exemplary of this faction, the German daily Handelsblatt complained in a commentary Jan. 8 that “actually, Euro states had agreed after the financial crisis that troubled banks should be resolved instead of bailing them out with taxpayers’ money. Shareholders, creditors and wealthy depositors should then take the losses.” Instead, “Rome is again helping a credit institution instead of resolving it.”
Back to the real world, Italy’s Minister
| for European Affairs Paolo Savona wrote an op-ed in the daily Il Sole 24 Ore making a general point, and blasting the EU economic and monetary policy as the real cause of the banking crisis. “No bank can stand a long period of economic crisis without a deterioration of its loans and a loss of perspectives for growth and profitability.” Savona calls the ECB “solution,” i.e. demanding a capital increase and cost cutting from banks, “unrealistic.”“Without real growth driven by real investments we risk systemic crises,” Savona wrote. If a campaign against government debt is carried out in “this precarious state of the environment in which banks are currently operating in Europe … [it] undermines depositors’ confidence in what they consider to be their financial wealth and negative effects are conveyed also to the sector of bank deposits.“Without a fiscal policy at the EU level to boost real growth, interventions by member states in support of banks and depositors are just running after the problem caused by non-[existing] structural solutions.” A real banking union needs a lender of last resort and a single deposit insurance fund, but Savona complains that so far, he has found no will to tackle the problem among his colleagues in the EU.|
German Industry’s Illusions about the Future of the ‘European Model’
Jan. 10 (EIRNS)—There is a new position paper put out by the German industry association BDI which on the one hand states commitment to continue cooperation with China, but on the other hand criticizes China’s state-sector economy as distorting the global markets and creating an “overcapacity of steel” internationally (despite the fact there is no overcapacity, but there is a lack of construction projects). “Europe” must make sure to build up its own industrial champions within the free market system, as opposed to China’s state-backed giants that penetrate the global economy, the position paper states. It says further that, “Europe” must partner up with other liberal-market countries to pursue “common interests” against China. The paper also views the “16+1” format for cooperation by Europe’s eastern nations with China as not compliant with the EU market rules.Seen together with the BDI’s traditional endorsement of the European Banking Union, the European integration process in general, and its opposition to banking separation, the “Europe” addressed here is doomed. The liberal free market does not function—in contrast to the Chinese way, which does.
China Expert Geraci Shows Foolishness of Talk about ‘Chinese Economic Downturn’
Jan. 10 (EIRNS)—A 6.5% growth forecast for the Chinese economy this year means a larger increase in value than the 6.8% of last year, Italian Undersecretary for Economic Development Michele Geraci stressed in an interview with Sky TG24 Jan. 5. Polemicizing against those who talk about a downturn in the Chinese economy, Geraci said: “Today we are speaking about the Chinese economy which is slowing down, as if there were a recession. In reality, the rate of growth will go from 6.8-6.9% to 6.5% and maybe 6.2% next year, which are very high rates of growth in any case. Therefore, be careful in saying that the Chinese economy is in a downturn, because, to the contrary, it’s growing.“Furthermore, in absolute terms this year’s 6.5% is worth more than the 6.8% of last year, because if we look at the value, every year China grows an average of 1-1.5 trillion, almost as much as Italy’s entire GDP. Every year, China grows in absolute terms as much as the entire GDP of a medium-size European country. This because, while the growth rate physiologically decreases, it’s starting from a higher basis.”Geraci also downplays the “trade war” narrative pushed by free-traders to explain some bad economic data, such as the drop in Apple’s sales in China. Apple’s sales declined in China due to the growth of domestic producers, whose products are as good or even better than Apple’s, Geraci suggested. Also, social media in China are expressing anger over the Western attack on Huawei, leading to an undeclared boycott on Western competition, including Apple.And it is not true that raising tariffs increases the trade deficit by increasing the cost of imports, (as some crazy free-traders claim): The EU has higher import tariffs than the United States and has balanced trade; the U.S.A. with its lower tariffs has a huge deficit.Before joining the government in June, Geraci was a professor of finance, China economy expert, investment banker and electronic engineer. He has been a columnist for China Daily, Caixin business magazine, and Il Sole 24 Ore.
STRATEGIC WAR DANGER
Syrian Official Confirms Government Discussions with the Kurds
Jan. 10 (EIRNS)—For the first time, a government official in Damascus has confirmed the discussions ongoing with the Kurds. Reuters reports that Syrian Deputy Foreign Minister Faisal Mekdad expressed optimism about the eventual outcome of the talks, which are being mediated by Russia, in remarks to reporters in Damascus, yesterday. “I feel that we must always be optimistic. The past experiences were not encouraging. But now matters are reaching their conclusion,” he said. He expressed approval of recent statements by Kurdish groups affirming they are indeed part of the Syrian state and nation, saying “the conditions” were favorable for them to return to the state. “Therefore I am always optimistic … we encourage these political groups to be sincere in dialogue that is happening now between the Syrian state and these groups, taking into account that there is no alternative to that.” Reuters adds that, last week, a top Kurdish politician told them that the Kurdish groups had presented a “road map” for a deal with Damascus during recent meetings at the Russian Foreign Ministry in Moscow. Al Masdar News, citing a source in Damascus, reported that the Kurdish group, the Syrian Democratic Council has recently intensified their talks with the government in a bid to resolve their disputes and seek a peaceful settlement. According to the source, the SDC is working with Damascus to prevent a Turkish military invasion in the northern part of the country, while also making strides to end the political deadlock between the two entities. The source said that the Syrian Democratic Council is seeking political autonomy in their areas, but they do not want to separate from the state. In turn, the Syrian government has rejected the idea of federalization but is reportedly open to the idea of joint control of the SDC-held area until the war is over.
France Will Stay in Syria Until ‘Political Solution’ Is Reached, Says Le Drian
Jan. 10 (EIRNS)—French Foreign Minister Jean-Yves Le Drian told CNews Television this week that French troops will be withdrawn from Syria as soon as “a political solution” is reached, Sputnik reported. “There is our [military] presence in Iraq, and we have a scanty presence in Syria,” he said. The responsibility for a political solution belongs to Russia, he went on, to make sure that Assad does not pursue a military solution and “to avoid the use of chemical weapons.”Le Drian’s remarks follow statements by Minister for European Affairs Nathalie Loiseau to the same TV network on Dec. 20, that France will maintain “for now” its participation in the anti-Daesh/ISIS coalition in Syria.
As Taliban Cancel U.S. Talks, Envoy Khalilzad Starts Visit to India, China, Pakistan, Afghanistan
Jan. 10 (EIRNS)—The same day (Jan. 8), the Taliban representatives called off their meeting with the United States, scheduled for Jan. 9-10 in Doha, Qatar, citing “disagreement on agenda,” the U.S. special envoy on Afghanistan, Zalmay Khalilzad began a two-week diplomatic tour that will take him to India, China, Pakistan and Afghanistan. Khalilzad, who arrived in New Delhi yesterday evening, will be briefing and consulting New Delhi on the ongoing Afghan peace talks in his first visit to India in this capacity, the Hindustan Times reported. This will be his first visit after he was appointed U.S. Special Representative for Afghanistan reconciliation by Secretary of State Mike Pompeo in September 2018. He has been to the region twice since, but skipped India both times, causing some anxiety in New Delhi.The State Department said in a general announcement on Jan. 8 that “the special envoy is heading an interagency delegation and will meet with senior government officials in each country to facilitate an intra-Afghan political settlement.”
SCIENCE AND INFRASTRUCTURE
China’s Science and Technology Ministry Lays Out Plans for 2019
Jan. 10 (EIRNS)—At the National Science and Technology Work Conference in Beijing today, Wang Zhigang, the Minister of Science and Technology, laid out a 10-point plan for the development of science and innovation in the coming year. First, strengthen long-term strategic planning, form a systemic layout for medium- and long-term scientific and technological innovation; second, speed up key core technology research, seek the commanding heights in strategically contested areas; third, continue to strengthen basic research and its applications; fourth, optimize the construction of innovation bases and build national strategic scientific and technological strength; fifth, strengthen the integration in depth of science and technology with the economy and society, and strongly support and lead in high-quality development; sixth, accelerate the construction of a highly efficient national innovation system; seventh, strengthen the coordination of the regional pattern of innovation, foster innovation growth points, growth poles, and growth belts; eighth, stimulate the creative activity of researchers and accelerate the cultivation of high-level talents; ninth, deepen innovation and open cooperation: raise the level of scientific and technological innovation to a higher platform; tenth, vigorously promote the scientific spirit and culture of innovation, and create a good innovation ecology.Wang stated that the major technological breakthroughs of the past year had been landing Chang’e-4 on the far side of the Moon; the completion of the BeiDou-3 satellite system; the creation of a single chromosome eukaryotic cell. In quantum computing, China succeeded in achieving a 3-qubit logic gate; and it built and put into operation its first Spallation Neutron Source. Wang said that the proportion of R&D expenditure is expected to be 2.15% of total GDP. The total number of R&D personnel is expected to reach 4.18 million, ranking first in the world. The number of invention patent applications and authorizations ranked first in the world. The contribution rate of scientific and technological progress is expected to exceed 58.5%, and the country’s comprehensive innovation capability ranks 17th in the world.Earlier this week President Xi Jinping awarded leading scientists for their efforts. The two scientists that were particularly highlighted in the ceremony had made major breakthroughs in advanced radar technology and on underground nuclear bunkers and underground tunneling. While both of these technologies have major civilian applications, the two scientists had made the breakthroughs in defense technology. Reach us at [email protected] or call 1-571-293-0935 | <urn:uuid:8ec2d5a7-d94d-4621-828b-1e7fb42a9188> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://brutalproof.net/2019/01/friday-january-11-2019-volume-6-number-8-eir-daily-alert-service-p-o-box-17390-washington-dc-20041-0390/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573193.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818094131-20220818124131-00469.warc.gz | en | 0.949467 | 4,878 | 1.882813 | 2 |
LID in Ireland is making menstrual products available to women and girls in that country as part of a new initiative to combat poverty.
In a statement quoted by CNN, the brand became the first major retailer in the world to offer such products with the aim of helping women who could not afford it. The initiative is limited to 168 stores in the Republic of Ireland.
From May 3, users will receive a voucher for a box of generic box tampons or sanitary towels every month through Lidlin’s app.
To ensure that people can access the same offer without shelter and without access to a smartphone, to the same extent, the brand is also committed to making a monthly contribution of menstrual products to a charity.
As many as 85,000 women and girls in Ireland are expected to fall into poverty during this period, according to a report released in February by the Irish Department of Health and the Department of Children’s Equality, Disability, Integration and Youth, citing CNN.
Last year, Scotland became the first country to allow generic and universal access to menstrual products in public places. | <urn:uuid:4226cea1-884f-4353-ac13-9b24c11fabcd> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://swordstoday.ie/natural-tampons-and-dressings-in-ireland-lid-for-offering-menstrual-products-to-women-executive-digest/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570921.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809094531-20220809124531-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.962593 | 223 | 2.34375 | 2 |
The stories collected by the Brothers Grimm have become an important part of popular culture. First published in 1812, the tales are still read to children at bedtime, although several generations will now be more familiar with the considerably less violent Disney versions. Most of the stories were told to the brothers in the picturesque stretch of villages and forests between Frankfurt and Bremen and despite the intervening centuries, the region remains unchanged enough for modern visitors to feel transported straight back to those fairy tale settings.
From Hanau to Fulda
The route is maintained by the charmingly named Verein Deutsche Märchenstraße, which translates as The German Fairytale Society. Its official start is 12 miles to the east of Frankfurt, in the suburb of Hanau where the Grimm brothers were born. The road blends fact and fantasy by taking travellers past places where the brothers lived and worked as well as through villages that claim special connections with different fairy tales.
Unfortunately, aside from a statue of the brothers, there isn’t much to see in Hanau as it was heavily bombed during the war. Fortunately, their childhood home in Steinau an der Strasse is incredibly well preserved, with the 16th Century magistrate’s house where the boys grew up now a museum chronicling their life’s work. Wilhelm Grimm once said that he and his brother experienced “the whole of life’s unforgettable impressions” during their seven years in the town, so it's a suitable second stop on the tour.
Little Red Riding Hood
True fairy tale country begins after passing through the baroque city of Fulda. The Schwalm River valley is known locally as Rotkäppchenland or Little Red Riding Hood country, thanks to traditional clothing customs that dressed little girls in red caps or hoods. However, it's the next stop that has the most important place in Grimm folklore - the town of Kassel, where the brothers moved after their father passed away and found work as librarians. The surrounding Waldeck region, with its thick forest, has a rich storytelling tradition with plenty of evil witches and beautiful maidens. The brothers spent their free time researching the tales and writing them down, with a local restaurant owner named Dorothea Viehmann believed to have been one of their main sources.
The Legend of Hameln
There's no definitive route through the network of villages in between Kassel and Bremen, so it's worth doing some research to find out which location is most closely linked to your favourite tale. Hameln in Lower Saxony has a particular claim to fame as the setting for a 'legend', rather than a fairy tale: the classic Pied Piper story is actually based on a mysterious tragedy that struck the town in the 13th Century. A stained glass window installed a hundred years later preserved the memory of 130 children who were led out of town and never returned, adding a haunting touch to your walks around this historic town.
If you find yourself reluctant to leave the land of magic and mystery, the Fairy Tale Road is also home to properties every bit as charming as the stories they inspired. With shops all along the road, from Kassel to Hanover, we can help you find a home right next to Sleeping Beauty, Cinderella or Snow White. Visit the Engel & Völkers website to begin your 'happily ever after' today. | <urn:uuid:e5d3172e-30c1-41ee-aa78-2570bc29ca1c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.engelvoelkers.com/en-za/capetown/blog/driving-germanys-fairy-tale-road/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00437-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965775 | 695 | 2.765625 | 3 |
Cornell is a leader in computer graphics, an interdisciplinary area that draws on many specialties including algorithms, physics, computation, psychology, computer vision, and architecture.
The Program of Computer Graphics is dedicated to the development of interactive computer graphics techniques and the use of these techniques in a variety of applications. The graduate students based in our lab have pursued degrees in the fields of Architecture, Art, Computer Science, Material Science, Perception Psychology, and Mechanical and Civil Engineering. Our Director holds a joint appointment in many of these departments, including Computer Science, Architecture, Art, Engineering, and the Johnson Graduate School of Management.
At the undergraduate level courses include Visual Imaging in the Electronic Age and innovative Architectural Design Studio. Related courses include Interactive Computer Graphics and Computer Vision in the Computer Science Department. Our ties to the field of architecture and computer science go back to the beginning of the lab in 1973. Our current interests involve virtual and augmented reality, physically based on-line rendering, visual perception, foveated rendering, input methods based on 3D sketching, and storytelling for virtual reality. | <urn:uuid:6c9a014d-c2a6-4bd5-a686-71c7a9b734d7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.graphics.cornell.edu/academics | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00678.warc.gz | en | 0.927988 | 220 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Atom is a text editor that is needed to work with professional texts. The utility supports many languages, as well as highlighting options. Multi-panels provide multifunctional operation. The application supports Mac OS. You can download Atom for free for Mac OS official version using the links that are on our page.
The auto-save function helps users not to lose the work done, but to save it for future use. The ability to search and replace the entered unique code. The syntax checker function checks the text for grammatical and syntactic errors. The user can perform automation using macros. The tool that allows users to navigate between files is a navigator. Saving fragments of frequently used code is implemented using snippets, that is, blanks.
First you need to click on the link to our page. Before installing the program, you should familiarize yourself with the functions and characteristics of the utility. After studying the application, the user needs to click on the "Download" button.
Instructions for use
In order to work with the software, you need:
- go to the "Settings" tab;
- click "Install" on the left side of the panel. In the section, you can search for plugins by name;
- writing a large amount of HTML code can be long and erroneous;
- The "emmet" plugin allows you to write formatted HTML using an abbreviated entry. In order to install emet, you need to click "Install".
- next, you need to search for "atom-beautify";
- "atom-beautify" is a plugin that allows you to place omissions between codes.
Atom is a popular program for programming and editing documents. | <urn:uuid:035fc4f7-3d0c-4aa3-a5d1-080bb5ccd1fa> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://install.download/mac-os/atom | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00666.warc.gz | en | 0.875247 | 359 | 2.25 | 2 |
The FINANCIAL — Progress in logistics performance has slowed for the first time since 2007 for least developed countries, while ASEAN economies displayed a mixed trend, with some countries backsliding in their overall logistics performance and others performing above the regional average, according to the latest edition of the Logistics Performance Index, part of the bi-annual report published by the World Bank Group, “Connecting to Compete 2016: Trade Logistics in the Global Economy.”
Top performing countries have remained relatively consistent since 2010, and include dominant players in the supply chain industry. Germany ranked first for the second time in a row, followed by Luxembourg, Sweden, the Netherlands and Singapore. Singapore was among the world’s Top 10 performers, ranking 5th overall, and topped the list of ASEAN countries.
“Moving and delivering goods is not only a private endeavor, but also a public policy concern. It is more than a service. It connects firms and people to markets. Efficient logistics and connectivity of international supply chains has a very high potential, to reduce trade costs and boost integration in regional and global value chains,” World Bank Group Trade & Competitiveness Global Practice Director Cecile Fruman said during a presentation of the report, held at the World Bank Group’s Singapore Hub for Infrastructure and Urban Development.
Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia all outperformed the East Asia & Pacific regional average; and Indonesia, Vietnam and the Philippines ranked among the top 10 in lower middle-income countries. However, all ASEAN countries except Singapore, Myanmar and Cambodia back slid in their 2016 rankings compared to two years ago.
On timeliness, the frequency with which shipments reach their destination within the scheduled or expected time, a key criteria impacting a country’s LPI performance, ASEAN countries scored higher than the overall average. Singapore had the largest improvement in the timeliness indicator, in 2016 compared to 2014, a testament to the service delivery performance in the sector here.
“Singapore’s strong ranking in the Logistics Performance Index can be attributed to our robust ecosystem comprising of major logistics firms operating their regional and global functions here, and our consistent efforts to drive operations excellence through public-private collaborations. These factors put Singapore in good stead to maintain our position as a leading global logistics hub. However, we cannot rest on our laurels. We will need to continue to encourage the growth of supply chain innovation and to strengthen our logistics capabilities, so that Singapore remains a strategic choice for companies to navigate the increasingly complex supply chains in intra and inter region trade,” said Lee Eng Keat, Director, Logistics, Singapore Economic Development Board.
The report, which is based on survey date from more than 1,200 logistics professionals, ranks 160 countries and captures critical information about the complexity of international trade. The index scores countries on key criteria of logistics performance, including infrastructure, quality of service, shipment reliability, timeliness and border clearance efficiency.
The report found that the “logistics gap” between more and less developed countries persists – high income countries on average score 45% higher on the LPI than low income countries. While low performers appeared to be closing this gap in past surveys, this trend has reversed in 2016, and the gap between top ranked countries and those at the bottom of the list has widened.
But income alone does not explain performance – countries such as Cambodia and Myanmar improved their performance, which shows that the willingness to reform and implement good practices and policies directly impact fluidity of cross border trade.
Infrastructure continues to play a big role in assuring basic connectivity and access to gateways for most developing countries. In all income groups, survey respondents reported that infrastructure was improving. However, in all ASEAN countries except Singapore and Malaysia, the scores for infrastructure were lower than the overall scores.
“Beyond freight forwarders, shippers and carriers, those who benefit from well performing logistics and connectivity are producers and consumers, particularly small firms and the poor. Tracking connectivity through a nation’s logistics performance is a critical measurement of a nation’s ability to export competitively, import efficiently and improve productivity,” said Jordan Schwartz, Director of the World Bank Group’s Singapore Hub for Infrastructure and Urban Development.
Since its inception, the LPI and the Connecting to Compete report have been prepared by the World Bank Group’s Trade team with the participation of the Turku School of Economics and the support of the International Association of Freight Forwarders (FIATA). | <urn:uuid:1142e4b7-53ec-4649-8dc4-f10b6e8185ef> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://finchannel.com/singapore-tops-list-of-asean-countries-on-2016-logistics-performance-index/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573029.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817153027-20220817183027-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.936647 | 936 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Customers of leading sheet metal sub-contractor Accurate Laser Cutting are already reaping the benefits of the firm’s ground-breaking investment in a 10kW fiber laser.
Following the installation of their first 6kW 4m x 2m fiber laser in 2015, their most recent purchase replaced their old CO2 laser cutting facility to form a full fiber line up at their Oldbury headquarters.
“Now that our 10kW fiber cutting system is in full production, CO2 technology has lost its place on our shop floor.”
With an additional cutting capacity of 3m x 1.5m, the high performance equipment is the first machine of such speed & power to be installed in the U.K. Through this combination, phenomenal cutting speeds of up to 60 metres per minute can be achieved.
“In the bigger picture, these faster processing speeds release more capacity for us to deliver consistently short lead times & offer improved levels of service all round.” explains company director Jon Till.
In the case of the 10kW machine, it is capable of clean cutting mild steel up to 15mm. This is ideal for customers who require an oxidation free edge on their parts for any further secondary operation processes. The fiber laser can also process non-ferrous materials such as copper & brass to a superior standard and aluminium & stainless steel up to 30mm thick. | <urn:uuid:ed526e81-4633-4b5b-82bd-3241a2d2b86a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://accurate-laser.co.uk/reduced-lead-times-improved-quality/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00267.warc.gz | en | 0.934457 | 285 | 1.53125 | 2 |
Ferndale, city (1990 pop. 25,084), Oakland co., SE Mich., a suburb of Detroit; inc. as a city 1927. Its manufactures include automobile parts, machinery, and pharmaceuticals.
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. Political Geography | <urn:uuid:cc60b30d-3c99-4a9f-9397-155dcb4bdd07> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/us/ferndale.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00060-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.743134 | 80 | 1.757813 | 2 |
CACLS.exe (this command is deprecated, use ICACLS.EXE instead)
Display or modify Access Control Lists (ACLs) for files and folders.
Access Control Lists apply only to files stored on an NTFS formatted drive, each ACL determines which users (or groups of users) can read or edit the file. When a new file is created it normally inherits ACL’s from the folder where it was created.
Syntax CACLS pathname [options] Key options can be any combination of: /T Search the pathname including all subfolders. /E Edit ACL (leave existing rights unchanged) /C Continue on access denied errors. /G user:permission Grant access rights, permision can be: R Read W Write C Change (read/write) F Full control /R user Revoke specified user's access rights (only valid with /E). /P user:permission Replace access rights, permission can be: N None R Read W Write C Change (read/write) F Full control /D user Deny access to user. In all the options above "user" can be a UserName or a Workgroup (either local or global) If a UserName or WGname includes spaces then it must be surrounded with quotes e.g. "Authenticated Users" If no options are specified CACLS will display the ACLs for the file(s)
Other features to try
Wildcards can be used to specify multiple files.
You can specify more than one user:permission in a single command.
The /D option will deny access to a user even if they belong to a group that does have access.
- The CACLS command does not provide a /Y switch to automatically answer ‘Y’ to the Y/N prompt. However, you can pipe the ‘Y’ character into the CACLS command using ECHO, use the following syntax:
ECHO Y| CACLS /g <username>:<permission>
- To edit a file you must have the “Change” ACL (or be the file’s owner)
- To use the CACLS command and change an ACL requires “FULL Control”
- File “Ownership” will always override all ACL’s – you always have Full Control over files that you create.
- If CACLS is used without the /E switch all existing rights on [pathname] will be replaced, any attempt to use the /E switch to change a [user:permission] that already exists will raise an error. To be sure the CALCS command will work without errors use /E /R to remove ACL rights for the user concerned, then use /E to add the desired rights.
- The /T option will only traverse subfolders belowthe current directory.
If no options are specified CACLS will display the current ACLs
e.g. To display the current folder
Display permissions for one file
Display permissions for multiple files
Inherited folder permissions are displayed as:
OI - Object inherit - This folder and files. (no inheritance to subfolders) CI - Container inherit - This folder and subfolders. IO - Inherit only - The ACE does not apply to the current file/directory These can be combined as folllows: (OI)(CI) This folder, subfolders, and files. (OI)(CI)(IO) Subfolders and files only. (CI)(IO) Subfolders only. (OI) (IO) Files only.
So BUILTIN\Administrators:(OI)(CI)F means that both files and Subdirectories will inherit ‘F’ (Fullcontrol)
similarly (CI)R means Directories will inherit ‘R’ (Read folders only = List permission)
When cacls is applied to the current folder only there is no inheritance and so no output.
Errors when changing permissions
If a user or group has a permission on a file or folder and you grant a second permission to the same user/group on the same folder, NTFS will sometimes produce the error message “The parameter is incorrect” To fix this (or prevent it happening) revoke the permission first (/e /r) and then reapply (/e /g)
Add Read-Only permission to a single file
CACLS myfile.txt /E /G “Power Users”:R
Add Full Control permission to a second group of users
CACLS myfile.txt /E /G “FinanceUsers”:F
Now revoke the Read permissions from the first group
CACLS myfile.txt /E /R “Power Users”
Now give the first group Full-control:
CACLS myfile.txt /E /G “Power Users”:F
Give the Finance group Full Control of a folder and all sub folders
CACLS c:\docs\work /E /T /C /G “FinanceUsers”:F
“Whether a pretty woman grants or withholds her favours, she always likes to be asked for them” – Ovid (Ars Amatoria)
ATTRIB – Display or change file attributes
AccessEnum – GUI to browse a tree view of user privs
DIR /Q – Display the owner for a list of files (try it for Program files)
PERMS – Show permissions for a user
FIXACLS – Restore default privs (Resource Kit supplement 2)
FSUTIL – File System Options
NTRIGHTS – Edit user account rights
SHOWACL – Show file Access Control Lists (Windows 2000)
TAKEOWN – Take ownership of shares
XCACLS – Display or modify Access Control Lists (ACLs) for files and folders
Q237701 – Cacls cannot apply security to root
Q834721 – Permissions on Folder are incorrectly ordered
Q135268 – How to use CACLS.EXE in a Batch File
Q245031 – Error when using the | pipe symbol
NT Permissions explained
Equivalent Linux BASH commands:
c:\windows\* /save AclFile /T
– Will save the ACLs for all files under c:\windows and its subdirectories to AclFile.
icacls c:\windows\ /restore AclFile
– Will restore the Acls for every file within AclFile that exists in c:\windows and its subdirectories
icacls file /grant Administrator:(D,WDAC)
– Will grant the user Administrator Delete and Write DAC permissions to file
icacls file /grant *S-1-1-0:(D,WDAC)
– Will grant the user (or security group) defined by sid S-1-1-0 Delete and Write DAC permissions to file
– View the discretionary access list and integrity level
icacls file /setintegritylevel H
– Modify mandatory integrity level of an object to High | <urn:uuid:3c6eebd9-b9d5-4f52-804c-6b03da0d74da> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://situsnya.wordpress.com/2008/08/31/caclsexe-display-or-modify-access-control-lists-acls-for-files-and-folders/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00322-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.77478 | 1,506 | 2.5 | 2 |
A Guide to the William Franklin Blair Photographs, ca. 1912-1980
William Franklin Blair (1912-1985) was a noted zoologist and University of Texas professor.
The 52 images in this collection document Blair’s life from childhood through World War II and professional meetings in which Blair participated. Also included are photographs of Blair fishing with his wife Fern and photographs of Blair Woods, the Blairs’ Austin homestead that they donated to the Travis County Audubon Society. Ten of the images are silver gelatin black and white photopostcards; The rest are silver gelatin black and white prints.
William Franklin Blair Photographs, ca. 1912-1980, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, The University of Texas at Austin.
Basic processing and cataloging of this collection was supported with funds from the National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC) for the Briscoe Center’s "History Revealed: Bringing Collections to Light" project, 2009-2011.
Detailed Description of the Papers | <urn:uuid:49d7ba5e-8fd8-44d5-9741-586ab8ebf432> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.lib.utexas.edu/taro/utcah/01351/01351-P.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280718.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00408-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.895878 | 212 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Learning disorder is known as learning disabilities or learning differences. In this condition a person’s power of remembering, understanding and responding to the information are not normal. Those who have this problem may have following impediments:-
Reading or writing
Paying attention or listening
The time of occurrence of learning disorder
In most of the cases, learning disorder occurs at a very young age of the afflicted person, but is detected only when the child gets admitted into his or her school. Almost one third of the children affected with learning disorder, also suffer from ADHD. That is the reason the cases of learning disorder remains unheard of.
What is the primary way of identifying the cases of learning disorder?
Only the specialist doctors or the trained professionals can rightly identify the cases of learning disorders.
What is next step?
After identifying the cases of learning disorder, it becomes essential to send the child to school and get trained in the areas of learning defects. Some special tutors or therapists help these types of children. Since the problem does not go away, only proper and systematic rehabilitative measures can improve the condition of the child.
Developmental reading disorder
Developmental reading disorder is such a condition when a child’s brain cannot properly recognize nor can process certain symbols. This condition is also known as dyslexia.
What are the causes of dyslexia or developmental reading disorder?
DRD (Developmental reading disorder) or dyslexia occurs when brain cannot interpret language, due to some problem in certain areas in the brain. Vision problem is not responsible for this problem. The problem occurs due to some specific problem of processing of some information. Other than this problem, the affected person does not get interfered with his or her ability to understand or think about the complex ideas. Most of the patients, suffering from DRD are found to have normal intelligence. Even some of them have more than average intelligence.
The conditions like Developmental Arithmetic Disorder or Developmental Reading Disorder are the example of DRD. DRD is often found to be a family run or hereditary disease.
Any DRD affected person cannot separate sounds nor can he or she rhythm, which are very much essential for speaking words. All these abilities are also important for learning to read. By basing on word recognition, a child can develop his or her reading skills and which bases recognizing words. In this stage a normal person separates out the sounds with the help of the words and gets them matched with the groups of letters and single letter.
Since the persons with the DRD conditions find it difficult to connect the language’s sound with the letters of the word, they might face difficulty in understanding the meaning of the sentence.
The patients with true dyslexia are more affected than the confusions or transposons. The example is confusing “b” as “d”
In general DRD symptoms may include:
• Difficulty in finding the meaning of a simplest sentence
• Difficulty in rhyming
• Difficulty in learning to make out the written words
Continued to Part--2 | <urn:uuid:2679c78d-afe1-4afb-b418-f27dbbe51665> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.hospitalkhoj.com/articles/health-facts/your-child-with-qlearning-disorderq-means-you-must-take-very-sincere-care-of-your-childs-improvements-part-1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00017-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952163 | 627 | 3.390625 | 3 |
The trimester pattern was introduced for the 9th standard in 2013-2014 academic year.
As already announced by the Directorate of School Educatation, it was planned to implement the Trimester pattern in SSLC from this year ( 2014 - 2015 Academic Year) onwards .
The trimester pattern in Tamilnadu was implemented during 2012-2013 academic year. Its main aim is to reduce book weight of children going to school.
The government has planned to continue the old system till the next decision. | <urn:uuid:63d4f58f-3018-4173-8ae4-0fba394187e3> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.tnpscportal.in/2014/05/no-trimester-pattern-for-sslc-10th.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720153.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00323-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.972887 | 103 | 2.0625 | 2 |
The deep-rooted dichotomy of the mind is that it has both tendencies, Daivi sampathi (godly wealth) and Asuri vrutti (demonic traits). I prefer the word vritti (vibes/traits) to sampathi (as in the text) because sampathi is wealth. I would not like to refer to demonic traits as wealth.
The mind is a double edged sword and can cut both ways. Hinduism and Buddhism believe in rebirth as a
means for evolution of the mind and genetics as a means for the physical evolution. The evolving mind
seeks a more evolved body in each subsequent birth thus favoring the evolutionary system both ways. Evil evolves much the same way as good. There is thus a constant struggle for supremacy between the two. As the good guys progress, the bad ones do faster. They are better funded and they don't pay taxes. They don't waste time earning money; they only extort money earned by others. One is reminded of mythological stories in the Puranas, stories of the fight between the demons and the gods. These tendencies are not restricted to humans alone; they prevail in animals as well but to a lesser degree. Otherwise mental as well as physical evolution would not have been possible.
Deep inside of us is an element called conscience whose function is to warn us of the dangers of
overstepping the Lakshman rekha ( the line of discernment between good and evil). To some extent it
is influenced by religion. Remember the Jekyll & Hyde phenomenon? Dr. Jekyll, a basically good person, felt that conscience is an obstacle to doing evil without qualms, so he invented a potion, which when taken, temporarily rids one of his/her conscience and enables him/her to enjoy doing evil without any prick from his conscience.
http://www.nytimes.- com/2006/10/31/health/psycholo- gy/31book.html?ex=1319950800&e- n=cd885d32d1527340&ei=5090&par- tner=rssuserland&emc=rss
In this article, Nicholas Wade is not telling us anything new. When he says, the basic tendency is to do good, his conclusions are drawn from tests on good people or people who wish to be called good, and not on wicked ones. The conscience can be trained to adapt to different religions. We are living in a benevolent society, where good human values are appreciated; hence, each of us feels the need to be called a good person. Nobel prizes are awarded for peace and not for war. Had we been living in a malevolent society, the opposite would have been the case.
How I would look at it is that nature and events support a benevolent society. At least that is the
present trend. Good begets good. Positive energy is slightly more powerful than negative energy. Thank
God. Dharmo rakshati rakshita (dharma, righteousness, protects its protector) | <urn:uuid:77a56536-4da1-499f-a4cd-6fb870119bc8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.speakingtree.in/blog/mental-dichotomy-good-vs-evil | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280128.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00386-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.952842 | 637 | 1.976563 | 2 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.