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ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ . ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืื–ืจื— ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื‘ ื•ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ื›ื™ ื‘ื—ืœื•ืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืฉื•ืจ ืžื“ื•ื— ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืงื•ื“ื ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ืชื™ื•ืฉื ื•ื›ืŸ ื™ื•ืงืžื• ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืฉืคืจ ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื˜"ืœ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื‘ื˜"ืœ ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื–ื•ื ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ ืงืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืงืฆื‘ืช ื ื›ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ืช ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื”ืŸ - ื”ืจื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื™ ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ). ืœืคื™ ื‘ื˜"ืœ, ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืฉื‘ื˜"ืœ ืจืง 5(9 ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ืœืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ ืžืคืขื™ืœ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช, ืืš ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืžืขื˜ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœ - ืœื ืงื™ื“ืžื• ื‘ื˜"ืœ ืื• ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืืช ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™. ืขื•ื“ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœื ืจืง ืฉื‘ื˜"ืœ ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœืžื›ืชื‘ ืขืœ ื–ื›ืื•ืช ืœื’ืžืœืช ืกื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ื ืฉืœื— ืœืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžืก ืœืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ , ื”ืจื™ ืฉื’ื ืื™ืŸ ืื–ื›ื•ืจ ืœื›ืš ื‘ืืชืจ ]ื ื•ืกื— ื—ื“ืฉ[ ) ืœืคืงื•ื“ืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” 5(9 .ื”ืžืจืฉืชืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื˜"ืœ ืฉืขื•ืกืง ื’ื ื‘ืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื’ื ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ืื™ื ื” ืžื™ื™ื“ืขืช ืืช ื”ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ื”ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื–ืจ, ื‘ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉื•ืœื—ืช ) 5(9 ืืœื™ื”ื ืื• ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ืžืจืฉืชืช ืฉืœื”, ืขืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ืœืคื™ ืกืขื™ืฃ .]ื ื•ืกื— ื—ื“ืฉ[ ืœืคืงื•ื“ืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืขื•ืœื” ื—ืฉืฉ ื›ื™ ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ืื™ื ื ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ืœืœ ืœื–ื›ืื•ืชื ืœื”ื™ื‘ื“ืง ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื”. ืขืœ ื‘ื˜"ืœ, ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื” ื•ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื”ื ื’ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื–ื•. - ืืฃ ืฉืœืคื™ ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœ"ืžืฉืœื•ื— ื”ืขืชืง ืžื”ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ , ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืœื•ื— ื”ืขืชืง 38"ื”ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœ ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืžืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืจืคื•ืื™ ืื• ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืื™ ืœืคื™ ื“ืจื™ืฉืช ื”ืชื•ื‘ืข ืื• ื‘ื ื›ื•ื—ื• - ื‘ื˜"ืœ ืื™ื ื• ืžืฆื™ืข ืœืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื–ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™, ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื›ืชื‘ ืœืชื•ื‘ืข. ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื“ืจืฉ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื™ืขื™ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื“ืจืฉ ื’ื™ื•ืก ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืชืžื•ื ืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืชืคืงื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืชื•ื‘ืขื™ื, ืขืงื‘ ื”ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื”ื ื™ื›ืจ ื‘ืจื•ืคืื™ื.
ื™ื•ืฆื ืืคื•ื ืฉืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืฉื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ื˜"ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ื‘ืฉื ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื” ืžืกืคืงืช, ื•ืืฃ ื‘ื˜"ืœ 2019 ืžื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื›ืš. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืชื‘ื˜ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื”ืžืžื•ืฉืš ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื ื›ื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื•ื“ื”), 113( ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื‘ืฉื•ื ื•ึผืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื‘ืกื ื™ืคื™ื, ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืฉืœ ืขืฆื™ืจืช ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ) ื•ื‘ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื—ืœืงื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช. 32% (ืขื“ ืœื ื•ื›ื— ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืขืœื• ื‘ื‘ื˜"ืœ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื”, ืฉื˜ืจื ื™ื•ืฉืžื•: ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื’ื•ืจื ืื—ืจืื™ ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจืš ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืงืžืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ืกื ื™ืคื™ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ).
603
ืฆื‘ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ืช ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ , ื‘ืขืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ 10/1 ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื”ืง"ื ืœืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื‘ืžื™ืงื•ื“ ืžื˜ื›"ืœื™, ืื’"ืช ืื™ื ื• ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืžื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืฆื”"ืœื™ื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืœื• ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ื’ื”ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืืžืœ"ื— ืื• . 45ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืื’"ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ "ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื" ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจืชื™ื ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืืข"ืฆื™ื. ื–ืืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืฉืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืื•ืฉืจ ื•ืฆื”"ืœ ืžืฆื˜ื™ื™ื“ ื‘ืืžืœ"ื—, ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืžื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ื™ื ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจืชื™ื ื•ื”ืืข"ืฆื™ื ืืฉืจ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืืžืœ"ื—, ืžืชื—ื–ืงื™ื ืื•ืชื ืื• ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ืชื. ื”ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื—ืฉืฃ ืœืจืžื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ืื• ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžื–ื”ืžื™ื, ืจืขืœื™ื ื•ืจืขืฉื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ ืขืœ ืจืืฉ ืื’"ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉืžื™ืขื” ืœื—ื™ื™ืœ ื”ืœื•ื—ื, ื•ืืฃ ืฉื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืคืงื“ื™ื ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืžืจืขืฉ ืžื–ื™ืง, ืžืžืกืžื›ื™ ืžืงืจืค"ืจ ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืžืœืื™ื ื‘ืงืคื™ื“ื” ืืช ื”ื•ืจืืช ืงืจืค"ืจ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžืข ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื•ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื‘ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ืœื•ืช ื–ืจื•ืข ื”ื™ื‘ืฉื”, ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืœื”ืœืŸ: ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืคืขืจ ืฉืžืงืจืค"ืจ ื–ื™ื”ืชื”, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืขืž"ื˜ ืฉืงื™ื™ืžื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืงืžืช ืžืขืจืš ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ืช ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• "ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืชืžื•ื ืช ืžืฆื‘ ืœืชื—ืœื•ืื” ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ืช ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ", ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืื˜"ืœ ื•ืžืงืจืค"ืจ ื™ืงื“ืžื• ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช. ืœืžืฉืœ, ืจืื•ื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื ืžื‘"ืช ืชืชืืคืฉืจ CPR-ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืชืช ืžืขื ื” ืœื›ืš, ืื• ืื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื“ืจื•ื’ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื” ืฉืœื™ืคืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืชื—ืœื•ืื” ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ืช, ืื• ื›ืœ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืื—ืจ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ื›ื™ ืื˜"ืœ ื•ืžืงืจืค"ืจ ื™ื‘ื—ื ื• ืืช ื›ืœืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื™ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ืžื”ื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื. ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื ื•ืกื—ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื”ืžืคืงื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืŸ ื•ืœื™ื™ืฉืžืŸ. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืคืงื“ื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืคืงื•ื“ื™ื”ื ื•ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ืขืœ ืžืงืจืค"ืจ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืŸ ืื›ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข, ืฉืื ืœื ื›ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืœืชืจื’ื ืื•ืชืŸ ืœืฉืคื” ื•ืœืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืœืžืคืงื“ื™ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืฆื”"ืœ ื›ื™ ื ื•ื›ื— ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉืžื™ืขื” ืœืžืงืฆื•ืข ื”ืœื•ื—ื, ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืชื—ืœื•ืื” ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื, ืขืœ ืงืจืค"ืจ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืฉืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ื™ื™ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืจืขืฉ ืžื–ื™ืง, ืื• ื™ืขื‘ืจื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉื ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกื™ื ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื™ืขื”, ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœื›ืš ืžืกื’ืŸ . ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื 29ื”ืจืžื˜ื›"ืœ ื•ืžื”ืจืžื˜ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ื•ืœืชืงืฃ ืืช ื”ืคืจื•ืคื™ืœ ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉืœื”ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ . ืžืขืจืš ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื•ืžืฉื‘ืจ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื“ืจืš ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ื ื”ื•ื’ื”, ืฉืœืคื™ื” ืžื‘ื•ืฆืขืช ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ื ื•ืช ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉืขืจื™ ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื‘ืื” ื•ืœื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืฉื ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ืช ืœื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ื ื•ืช, ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืขืœื•ืœ ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื‘ืื” ื•ืขืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืชื™ื•, ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ . ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ 2019 ืฉื”ืชืžืžืฉ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ืฉื ืช ืื™ืŸ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืกื›ื ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืžืขืงื‘ ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ืื—ืจ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉืขืจื™ ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื™ืŸ ื•ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืชื™ื”ื ืขืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืขื™ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืœืฉื ื” ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ืช ื•ื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื”, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืœื ื”ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ืฉื›ืœ ืืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื•. ื‘ืฉืœ ืชืžื”ื™ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ืชืœื•ืชื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืชื ื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉืขืจื™ ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื™ืŸ, ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื™ืขืงื‘ื• ื‘ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืื—ืจ ื”ืชื ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืขืจื™ ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ื‘ืฆืขื• ื”ืชืืžื•ืช ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืจื•ืฆืช ืฉื ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื“ืชื™. ืคืขื•ืœื” ื–ื• ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืชื ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืขืจื™ ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื™ืŸ ื”ืŸ ื—ื“ื•ืช, ื•ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืืžื•ืช ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื ื™ื›ืจื™ื. ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื” ื”ื›ืกืคื™ืช 2018 ืžื ืชื•ื ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื‘ืฉื ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉ"ื—, ืกื›ื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื 203 ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื ื•ืฆืœ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืฉื ื” ื–ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ื›ืœืœ ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช 12%-ื› 103 :ื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ื•ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืื’ืคื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžื˜ื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื; ืื’ืคื™ื ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“; ื”ืื’ืฃ ืœืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืœืื•ืžื™ (ืžืฉ"ื‘); ื”ืื’ืฃ ืœื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช; ื”ืื’ืฃ ืœืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื; ื”ืื’ืฃ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ื; ืื’ืฃ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื”; ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืงื•ื ืกื•ืœืจื™ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืื’ืฃ ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืงื•ื ืกื•ืœืจื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ) ื ื•ืฆืœ ืœืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ืฉื›ืจ, 88%( ื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ืจื•ื‘ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืชืคืขื•ืœ, ืื‘ื˜ื—ื”, ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ื•ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืื•"ื. ื™ื•ืฆื ืืคื•ื ื›ื™ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ืกื’ืจื• - ื•ื›ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฆื ื’ื ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ - ื”ื™ื” ืคืจื™ ืžื™ืงื•ื— ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ืกื“ ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฆืคื•ืฃ ื‘ืขืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืฉื”ื•ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ื“ืจืฉ ืžื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ, ืชื•ืš ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืœื•ื ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื›ื‘ื“ืช ืžืฉืงืœ ื–ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ื‘ืขืœืช ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื•ืช. ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืงื•ื ืงืจื˜ื™ืช ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืœืœื ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื•ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ื•ืœืœื ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืžืžืฉื™ืช ืขืœ ืื•ื“ื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื”, ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืœืžืœื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื•ืœื”ื’ืฉื™ื ืืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ืฉื›ืœ, ื–ื”ื™ืจ ื•ืื—ืจืื™ ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ืชื• ื‘ืขืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืฆืขืชื• ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื ืœื•ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื’ื™ืฉ, ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื›ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื˜ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืื—ืจ. ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืฆืขื” ื›ื–ื•, ื”ืžื•ื‘ืืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืชืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžืงื“ื™ืžื” ืžืขืžื™ืงื” ื•ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™, ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืฆืืช ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื•ืœื ืœืงื™ื•ื ื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืจืื•ื™ ื›ืืžื•ืจ. ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืขืœ ืกื’ื™ืจืช ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืœืงื• ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื: ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืžืฉืจื“ 2019 ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื ืช ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืžื”ืœืš ืฉืชื›ืœื™ืชื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืกื’ื™ืจืช ื›ื—ืžื™ืฉื™ืช ืžื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ืฆืขืชื• ื ืฉืขื ื” ืขืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื ื™ืชื ื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉื”ื•ืช ืžืกืคืงืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืขื•ืžืง ืืช ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ื•ืืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”; ืฉื ื™ืช, ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืขืœ ืกื’ื™ืจืช ืžืกืคืจ ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื–ื” ืฉื ื ืงื‘ ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”, ืฉืขื™ืงืจื™ื• ื”ื•ื˜ืžืขื• ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื”ื™ื” ืคืจื™ ืžื™ืงื•ื— ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ืกื“ ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฆืคื•ืฃ, ื˜ืจื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”; ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ) 2019 ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืกื’ื™ืจืช ืฉื‘ืข ื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช (ืžืชื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉื ืช ืœื ืœื•ื•ืชื” ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืคื™ื•ืช ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™. ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืชื”ืœื™ืš ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืœืงื•ื™ ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืชื•ืกืคืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื—ื“-ืคืขืžื™ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืกื•ื›ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื. 140 ื‘ืกืš , ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื 2019 ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื—ืœื•ืคื™ ืœืฉื ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืฆืขื“ื™ ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืช ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ, ืขืœื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืฉื ืช - ืฉืœื”ื™ ืฉื ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ - ืœื 2019 , ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2018 , ืฉื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช 2019 ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืœืฉื ืช 21 ืžืชืจืฉื™ื ื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ - 103-ื”ืžืขืจืš ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ - ืฉื‘ืข ืื’ืคื™ื• ื• ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—. ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื–ื” ื ื•ืขื“ ืœื›ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจืš ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช 12-ื› ืื™ืจื•ื— ืžืฉืœื—ื•ืช, ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื›ื ืกื™ื ื•ืชืขืจื•ื›ื•ืช, ืงื™ื•ื ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ืจื”, ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช, ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืงื•ื ืกื•ืœืจื™ืช ื‘ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืขื•ื“. ืœื›ืœืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจืš 2019 ืขื•ื“ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ืงืฆื” ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ืช ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ 78%-ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื” ื–ื• ืฉื™ืงืฃ ืงื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื› . 2018 ืฉื ื•ืฆืœ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจืš ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ื‘ืฉื ืช 10%- ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ื› 2019 ืžื ืชื•ื ื™ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื ืช ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ 10,000 ื”ื™ื” ืขื“ 2019 ืžื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื›ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืฉื ืช 50%- ืฉ"ื—), ื•ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž 35,000 -ืœื ืฆื™ื’ื•ืช (ืฉื•ื•ื” ืขืจืš ืœื› ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœื ืฆื™ื’ื•ืช. 20,000 - ืœ10,001 ืžื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ
) ื‘ืกืš ืฉืœ96(ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื ืœื•ื•ืช, ืชืคืขื•ืœ ื•ืื‘ื˜ื—ื” ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืื•"ื ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—. 280-ื› ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืžืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืขื™ืœ, ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžืกืชืžื ืช ืžื’ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคื—ืชืช ื—ืœืงื• ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื›ืžื• ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื• 2019 ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืฉื ืช ) ื•ื”ื™ื” ืืฃ 2018 ืžื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ืงืฆื‘ ื‘ืฉื ืช 14.7% - (ื‘2018 ื‘ืฉื ืช . ื ื•ื›ื— ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืืœื” 2018 ื ืžื•ืš ืžืกืš ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืฆืื• ื‘ืฉื ืช ื‘ื—ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืฉื ืช ื•ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• ื•ืืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื, 2019 .ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืœื”ืœืŸ
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ . ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื•ืžื›ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืื›ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื“ื™ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืžื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจื™ื ืœื“ื™ืจื” ืื—ืจืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืœืขื•ืžืง ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื“ื™ื™ืจื™ื ืœื“ื™ืจื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ืžืฉืง ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขื“ื›ื ื™. ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื™ืชื›ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื”ืœืš ื•ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ืฉืชืฆืžื— ืžืžื ื• ืœืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœืชืžืจืฅ ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื™ืจื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืชืžืจืฅ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืœืงืฉื™ืฉื™ื. ื›ืš, ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉื‘ื• ื“ื™ื™ืจ ื”ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื™ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืจื” ืงื˜ื ื”, ื™ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืื ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืฉื”ืชืคื ืชื” ืœื–ื›ืื™ ืฉื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœื• ื“ื™ืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ื•ืœื—ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ, ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืชืžื•ืจื” ืฉืชืชืงื‘ืœ ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืื• ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืกื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื™ ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื–ื” ื™ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืžืคืขื ืœืคืขื, ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื, ืคื™ื–ื•ืจ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืจื›ืฉื•ืช. ื™ืฉ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื ืงื˜ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื›ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืจื•ื›ืฉ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืจืง ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ืืœื” - ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืกื’ื•ืจื” ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื, ืฉืจื•ื‘ื ื›ื›ื•ืœื, ื‘ืฉืœ ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื 110 ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื. ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ื ื•ืขื“ื• ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืœืฉื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœืื—ืจ ืงื•ื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื•ืื•ืœื, ื”ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืœืคืจื™ืกื” ื”ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™. ื›ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฆื, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืื™ื ื• ืจื•ื›ืฉ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื•ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจื™ื 27 ืขืจื™ื ืฉืขืฉืจ ืžื”ืŸ ื‘ืืฉื›ื•ืœ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™-ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื ืžื•ืš 12-ื‘ . ื‘ื›ืš 28) ืฉืœื”ืœืŸ 2 ื‘ืกืš ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ืฆื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื (ืจืื• ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื— ื ืžื ืขืช ืžื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืžืžืฉ ืืช ื–ื›ืื•ืชื ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื”ื, ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช. ื–ื›ืื™ื ืืœื” ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืกื™ื•ืข ื›ืกืคื™ ืœืฉื›ื™ืจืช ื“ื™ืจื” ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ืื• ืœื”ืชื ืชืง ืžืงื”ื™ืœืชื ื•ืžื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืœื”ื ื•ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ, ืฉื‘ื• ืงื™ื™ื ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™. . ื“ื™ืจื•ืช 200-ืžื”ืœื•ื— ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืœ ื› ืžืžืกืคืจ ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช, ื•ื”ืชื•ืกืคืช 0.4%-ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื”ืŸ ื› ืžื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ื”ืžืžืชื™ื ื™ื ืœื“ื™ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ื•ืืฃ 4.5%-ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ืœืชืช ืžืขื ื” ืจืง ืœ ื–ืืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื, ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื. ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื ืžื•ืš ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืžื•ืขืฆืช 0.3%( ""ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืชื›ืŸ ืžื“ื™ืจื•ืช "ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืชื›ืŸ" 7% ื•ืืฃ 5% ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืœ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉืœ ืขื“ ื‘ืžืชื—ื ืžืกื•ื™ื) ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™, ืจืž"ื™ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืกื›ืžื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ืจืฆื•ื™, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžืฆื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ื”ื˜ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช "ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืชื›ืŸ" ื•ื›ืš ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืงื“ื ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช. ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืœืžืขืŸ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžืขื ื” ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื–ื›ืื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ื”ืงืฆืื” ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืœืฉื ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ื•ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ื›ื“ืื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืžืฆื“ ืื—ืจ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืชืช ืœื›ืœ ื–ื›ืื™ ื”ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื“ื•ืจื’ื™ื ื‘ืืฉื›ื•ืœ ื—ื‘ืจืชื™-ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื”ื ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจื•ืช ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ื•ื—ืจื“ื™ื, ืืช ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืืœื” ื”ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื™ืฉ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืชื’ื•ืจืจ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื•, ืฉื‘ื• ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื•ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืฉืœื•, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชืคื™ืกื” ืฉืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืœืขื™ืœ. ืœืฉื ื›ืš ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืžืชื’ื•ืจืจื™ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืฉื›ื™ื•ื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™. ื‘ื“ ื‘ื‘ื“ ืžื•ืฆืข ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืžืชืŸ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืœืื•ืชื ื–ื›ืื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ืฆืžืฆื ืืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื”ื, ื•ื–ืืช ืขื“ ืžืชืŸ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืžืœื, ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ืกื™ื•ืข ืžื•ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืขื“ ืฉืชื•ืฆืข ืœื”ื ื“ื™ืจื” ืžืชืื™ืžื” ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื”ื.
ืžืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื›ื™ื•ื ืื™ืŸ ืœื•ื— ื–ืžื ื™ื ืžื•ื’ื“ืจ ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ื›ืš ืฉื™ื™ื ืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ืœื–ื›ืื™ื ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื˜ืจื ืื•ืฉืจื• ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ "ืžื—ื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืชื›ืŸ" ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™, ื›ืš ืฉืืฃ ืื ื™ืื•ืฉืจื• ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื›ืืœื•, ื‘ื ื™ื™ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืœื ืชืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืžื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื’ื ืžืชืŸ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ื™ื ืœืื•ืชื ื–ื›ืื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ืฆืžืฆื ืืช ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื”ื, ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืœืขื™ืœ.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ืžืขืžื“ื• ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ืžืืกื“ืจ ื•ื›ื‘ืขืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืœื ืคื ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื 2013 ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืžืื– ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ืฆื ืชื•ืจื™ื. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืคืขืจ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ 2013 ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืฆื ืชื•ืจื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•. ืืช ื”ื”ืคื—ืชื” 2014-ื• ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื™ืฉืœื™ืžื• ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืขื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืœืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื”ืจื“ื™ื•ืชืจืคื™ื”. ืจืฆื•ื™ ื’ื ืฉื”ื ื™ืกื›ืžื• ืžืจืืฉ ืขืœ ืœื•ื— ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœืกื™ื•ื ื”ืžื”ืœืš ื•ื™ืฉืงืœื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื ืžื•ืกื›ืžื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”, ืฉื™ืกื™ื™ืขื• ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš, ืื ืœื ื™ืฆืœื— ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื“ื. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ื›ื™ ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืชื™ื–ื•ื ื•ืชืงื“ื ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืกื“ื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ืชืขืจื™ืคื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื•ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืชืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืชืชื›ื ืก ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ, ื•ื‘ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ืชืžื—ื•ืจ ื”ืจื“ื™ื•ืชืจืคื™ื”. ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื. ื•ืื•ืœื, ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ืงื‘ืข ืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ืื—ื™ื“ื” ืœื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ, ื ืœื•ื•ื” ืœื“ื•ื— ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืืคืฉืจ ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื. ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืื—ื™ื“ื”, ืœืคื™ ืกื™ื•ื•ื’ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืืฉื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืืฉื›ื•ืœ (ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืžื™ืงื•ืžื• ื•ื›ื•'), ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืช. ื‘ื”ืชืื, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืžื•ืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื. ืจืื•ื™ ื’ื ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ืฉืงื•ืœ ืงื‘ื™ืขื” ืฉืœ ืชื ืื™ื ืœื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื”ืŸ ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ืœืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื - ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื. ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ืชืžืจืฅ ืื•ืชื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืช. ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืœื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืข ื”ืื’ืฃ ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืžืขืจืš ื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืฉื ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืžืชื•ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืžืงื“ื ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ืืช
ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื•, ืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื”ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื•ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื; ืžืฉื›ืš, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ื—ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืขื“ ื–ื” ื•ื™ื ื—ื” ืืช ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœืฉื ื”ื’ืฉืžืช ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ืœื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื“ื•ืืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืกื“ื•ืจื”, ืžื™ื“ื™ ืชืงื•ืคื”, ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืขื“ ื–ื”.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืœืžื–ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืœื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆื™ ืื•ืžื ื ื‘ื™ืฆืข ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉื’ืจืชื™ ืฉื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื• ื“ื’ืžื• , ืื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืขืจืš 2019 - 2017 ื”ืฉืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืกืงืจ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืœื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืชื™ืขื“ื•ืฃ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื•ืœื ืงื‘ืข ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืืจืฆื™ื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื“ื™ื’ื•ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืื™ืฉืจ ืืช ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืœื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ื–ื™ืก, ืฉื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืจืื™ื™ื” ืžืขืจื›ืชื™ืช ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื•ื‘ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ื’ื•ื ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช, ื•ื–ืืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืกื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ืคื™ืงื•ื—, ืืš ืžื˜ื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืœื ื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืฉืื•ืฉืจื•. ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื ื™ื›ืจ ื‘ืžืงืจื™ ื”ืชื—ืœื•ืื” ื‘ืœื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ื–ื™ืก ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื–ื”ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื›ืžื• ื”ืœื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื” ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื”ืฉื’ืจืชื™, ืจืื•ื™ ื’ื ืฉืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆื™ ื™ืคืขืœ, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืœื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื•ื–ื™ืก, ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืื™ืžืฅ ื•ืฉื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืชืชืฃ, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืฉื™ืคืขืœ ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืืจืฆื™ื™ื ื•ืœืชื™ืขื“ื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉืžื‘ืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช. ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื™ื™ืขืœ ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืืจืฆื™ ื”ืžื•ื›ื•ื•ืŸ ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื‘ืœื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื”. ื›ื›ืœ ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ืขื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœืช. ื‘ื™ืฆืข ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆื™ 2015 - 2013 ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืกืงืจ ืืจืฆื™ ืื—ื“ ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ื ืžืœื™ืกื˜ืจื™ื” ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืœื ื‘ื™ืฆืข ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆื™ 2015 ื”ืฉืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืžืื– ืฉื ืช ืกืงืจื™ื ืืจืฆื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืœืกืงืจ ืฉื’ืจืชื™ ืืจืฆื™. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื ืงื˜ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆื™ ืœื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื“ื™ืื•ืงืกื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืืš ืจืื•ื™ ื’ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœ ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื“ื™ืื•ืงืกื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืฉืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆื™ ื™ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืฉื’ืจืชื™ ืฉืœ ืจืžื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืื•ืงืกื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืžื ื™ืขืช ืชื—ืœื•ืื” ื•ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื™ื™ืขืœ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื™ื‘ื•ืฆืข ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืจื‘-ืฉื ืชื™ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื.
ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžื˜ื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆื™ ืœื ื”ื ื—ื” ืืช ื”ืฉืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ื’ื•ื ืœื”ื“ื‘ืจื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ืื›ืŸ ืœื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื• ืœื• ืขืœ ื›ืš. ืื•ืžื ื ืžื˜ื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆื™ ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื” ืฉืžืฆืื• ื”ืžืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ืขืจื›ื• ื‘ืชื•ืฆืจืช ืฉื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื” ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงืชื (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื“ื‘ืจื”) ืื•ืœื ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืžื”ืฉืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ื’ื•ื ืœื”ื“ื‘ืจื”, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ืขืช ืื ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื“ื‘ืจื” ืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ืฆืจืช ืื• ืฉื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืœื ื‘ื•ืฆืขื•.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—ื™ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื’ื ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืขืžื“ืชื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื•ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืช ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ื–ืงืง ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืชื ื” ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ืœืื–ืŸ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืืจ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ืืฃ ืฉื™ืฉ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืฃ ื—ื•ืจืฆื™ ื’ื•ืจืœื•ืช, ืฉืœื ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืžืชื ื”, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืื™ืŸ ืœืคืกื•ืœ ืืช ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ื›ืืœื•. ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ืœืžืขืจืš ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ืžืฆืคืŸ ืฉืืœื™ื• ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื›ื•ื•ืŸ. ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื”ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ื›ื™ ืงืฉื” ืœื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ื•ื•ื™ืกื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœื”ืงืฆืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืฉืขืœ ืžืขืจืš ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื”ื ื•ืืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื”ืœืœื•. ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื›ืš ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื’ืชื™ื™ื ืจื‘-ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืคืจืกื•ื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืชื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื›ืืžืฆืขื™ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืจื’ืœืช ื‘ื” ื•ืœืžื“ื” ืืช ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”, ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื”ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื . ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื 33 ื‘ืจืคื•ืืช ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื 2010 ืฉืงื‘ืข ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืฉื ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื™ืฉื ื ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื”ืžืชืงืฉื™ื ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœ ืžืฆื‘ื ื”ื ืคืฉื™. ืืฃ ืฉืคืจืกื•ื ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื”ื•ื ืฆืขื“ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืื–ืจื—, ื™ืฉ ืžืจืคืื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืžืคืจืกืžื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื”ืžื•ืขืจืš. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื›ืš, ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื‘ืืชืจ . 2018 ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื” ืžืื– ืคืจืกื•ืžื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืœืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉื ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ื”ืžื•ืคืขืœืช ื›ื™ื•ื, ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืจื•ื›ื–, ืžืžื•ืงื“ ื•ืžืœื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืืฆืœ ืกืคืงื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืช ื•ื‘ืขื•ื ื” ืื—ืช ืœื›ืžื” ื ื•ืชื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืชืจ ืืช ื”ืžืขื ื” ื”ื”ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื”ื. ืงื•ืฉื™ ื–ื” ืžืชื—ื“ื“ ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื•ื‘ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœื ืคืขื ื‘ืžืฆื•ืงื”. ืขืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื”ืกื“ืจืช ืžืžืฉืง ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืคืงื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœืคืจืกืžื ื‘ืืชืจื™ื”ืŸ. ืจืื•ื™ ื’ื ืฉื™ืฉืงืœื• ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืขื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื™ืคื•ืจืกื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœ-ืืจืฆื™, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ืขืฉื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืคืจืกื•ื ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื“ืช ืชื•ืจื™ ื”ืžืชื ื” ืœืจื•ืคืื™ื ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื .34ื‘ื›ืžื” ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ืฉื‘ืคืจื™ืกืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืœ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื. ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืจื•ื—ื, ื‘ื ืชื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืฆืคื” ืจืžื•ืŸ ื”ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืŸ ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืžืฉื•ื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืืฉื›ื•ืœ , ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืชืจืคื™ื”, ื•ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœื ืกื•ืข, 3 ื—ื‘ืจืชื™-ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืคืขื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข, ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ื‘ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ื™ืฉ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ืœืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงืจื‘ืช ืžืงื•ื ื”ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื, ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื“ืŸ. ืืฃ ืฉืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื”ืืžื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืžืžืจืคืื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืœืžืจืคืื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืชื•ืื ืืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ื ื•ืฆืจ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืคืจื™ืกืช ื”ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื™ืœื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœืกืคืง ื•ื”ื™ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื•ืื•ืคื™ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืื–ื•ืจ, ื›ืš ืฉื™ืขืžื“ื• ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื—ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ ืœืืกืคืงืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ืกื‘ื™ืจ, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”. ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืžืฆืื•ืช ื”ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืกืžื•ืš ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืชืžื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืชืช ืžืขื ื” ืœืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืชื—ืœื•ืื” ื ืคืฉื™ืช ืงืฉื”.
ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืฆื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื’ืจืžื•ืช ืขืงื‘ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื™ืžืคื• ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืืจื•ื›ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ืขื•ื˜ืฃ ืขื–ื”, ื•ื™ื‘ื—ื ื• ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœืงื™ืฆื•ืจื.
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ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืœืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช . ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ื’ื•ืžืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืœืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืืฃ ืฉืœื—ืคื—"ื ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžืฆื•ืžืฆืžื™ื ื•ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืฉืœื. ืขืœ ื—ืž"ืช, ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืกื™ื•ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืคืจื˜ืช ื—ืคื—"ื ื•ืœื”ืฆื™ื‘ ืœื›ืš ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ื, ืื‘ื ื™ ื“ืจืš ื•ืชืืจื™ื›ื™ ื™ืขื“. ื“ื•ื— ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื•ืœืฉืชื” ืฉืœ ื—ืคื—"ื ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืชื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช: ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“, ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชืฉืข ืฉื ื™ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื” ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืคื ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื•"ื‘ - ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžื‘ื•ืงืจืช ื•ื™ืขื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช "ืจื’ื™ืœื”"; ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืื—ืจ, ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืคืขื™ืœื”, ืฉืœื” ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ืช, ื ื›ืกื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉื•ื˜ืคื•ืช. ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื—ืž"ืช ื•ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื—ืž"ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื ื•ื”ืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฆืžื•ื“, ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื• ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœื–ื›ืื•ืช ืœืจื›ื‘ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฆืžื•ื“ ื•ื›ืŸ ืืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืœื”ื ืจืฉืื™ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื”ืฆืžื™ื“ ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœื™ื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื›ืœืœื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื”ื ื’ื–ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฆืžื•ื“. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื–ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืขืœ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ื ืขืจืš ื”ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ, ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ืคื’ื™ืฉื” ื“ื ื• ื‘ื”ื—ืœืคืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืื™ืœืช, ืฆืขื“ ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืขืชื™ื“ ื—ืคื—"ื, ื•ื›ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฆื ืขืœ ืขืชื™ื“ื• ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงืชื™ ืฉืœ ืื‘ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืกื’ืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื•ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ ืœื ื•ืฉื. ืขืœ ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืขื™ืจื™ื™ืช ืื™ืœืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืกื’ืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืื™ืœืช ื•ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ืชื™ืง ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช. ืื•ืœื ื”ื”ืกื“ืจ ืœื ื›ืœืœ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ื ื• ืฉืœ ืž"ืž ืžื ื›"ืœ ื—ืคื—"ื ื•ืœื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ื•ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืฉืœ ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื—ืž"ืช ื•ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื›ื™ , ืœืคื ื™ 2010 ืืฃ ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉืจื™ื ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื, ืœื”ืคืจื™ื˜ ืืช ื—ืคื—"ื, ืืฃ ืฉื—ืž"ืช ืžื ื”ืœืช ืืช ื—ืคื—"ื
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ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”, ื”ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”, ื”ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ ื•ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ ืžื“ื™ ืคืขื ื‘ืคืขื ืืช ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืขืกืงืชื. ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื’ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืœื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื“ืจืช ืื• ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื“ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข, ื•ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืžืงืจื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉื•ื˜ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืขื ื“ืจื’ื™ ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช. ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ, ืœืฆื“ ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื, ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื, ืขืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ื•ืขืœ ืฉืขื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืคื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืง ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ืœื”ืขืฆืžื” ื ืฉื™ืช 1 . ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื” ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ื–ื• ืขืœ 2017 ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื™ื ื•ืืจ-ืžืจืฅ ืฉืขื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื, ืฉืื™ื ื 16 ืขื“14 ื™ืžื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉืœ 12 ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ. ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื• ืœื ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื”. ื‘ื™ื•ื ืื—ืจ ื”ื™ื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื” ืขืœ ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื‘ื™ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ื ืžืฆื ื›ืœ ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืคื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ืืœื•. ืžื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ืœื”ืขืฆืžื” ื ืฉื™ืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื™ืžื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืฉืชืชืคื” ื‘ื›ื ืก ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉืขื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื. 16 ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ, ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืœื‘ืฆืข ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ื—ืกืžื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืžืฆื™ืืช ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืงืฆื™ื ืœื ื’ื‘ ื•ืœื’ืœื™ืœ. ื›ื›ื•ืœ ืฉืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืš ืชื™ื ืชืŸ ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืืชืจื™ ื”ืžืจืฉืชืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ืืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืขืœ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืœืคืจืกื ืืช ืืชืจื™ ื”ืžืจืฉืชืช ืฉืœื”ื ื’ื ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื’ื ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื™ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช, ื•ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ ืขืœ ืฉื”ื—ืœื” ื‘ืคืจืกื•ื ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช.
ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื ื’ื‘ ืื™ื ื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ื“ื™ื” ืœื™ื™ื“ื•ืข ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื’ื‘ ื•ืœืขื“ื›ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืคืจืกื•ื ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืงื•ืจืื™ื. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื ื’ื‘ ื›ืœืœ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืœืคืจืกื•ื ื”ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื•ืœื–ื›ืื•ืชืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ื”ื.
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ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” . ื”ื•ื‘ืœืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื ืฉื™ืงืฃ ืืช ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช 2019 - 2015 ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ื ืฉ"ื ืœืฉื ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื”, ื•ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ื ื™ืชื ื• ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืกื™ื›ื•ืžื™ื ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉื ื—ืชืžื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ืฉ"ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืื’"ืช, ืขืœ ืคื™ ืจื•ื‘ ืœืื—ืจ ืชื—ื™ืœืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื”. ื”ืชื‘ืกืกื•ืช ืขืœ ืชื•ืกืคื•ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื ืžืงืฉื” ืืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ืฉ"ื ื•ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืขื” ื ืฉ"ื ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ืื’"ืช ืขื ื ืฉ"ื, ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื ืฉ"ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืชืฉืงืฃ ืืช ืฆืจื›ื™ื” ื•ืืช ื™ืขื“ื™ื” ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ื•ืื™ืฉื•ืจื•. ๏– ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื•ืฉืžื” ืขื“ ื›ื” ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื—ืœืงื™, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื˜ ืœื”ืœืŸ. ืขืœ ื ืฆื™ื‘ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืœื•ื— ื–ืžื ื™ื ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื•ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ืคืจืงื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ืœื”ืŸ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ืื’"ืช ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื•ืงืฆื” ืœื ืฉ"ื ื‘ืชื™ืื•ื ืขื ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืชืชืื™ื ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืฉ"ื ื•ืชืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืขื ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื”, ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื•ืœืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืงืฆื• ืœื ื•ืฉื. ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ืื’"ืช, ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ื ืฉ"ื ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื - ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื›ืœ ืฉื ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ืื ื™ืฉ ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ืฉืžืงื•ืจื ื‘ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืฉืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื ืฉ"ื, ื™ืฉ ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ื, ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื’ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื”ืฆื’ืช ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืžืฆื™ืืช ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืœื ืœื”ืžืฉืš ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื”, ืขื“ ืœื”ืฉืœืžืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื•. ื ืฉ"ื ื™ื™ืฉืžื” ืขื“ ื›ื” ืืช ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื—ืœืงื™ ื‘ืœื ืžืขืงื‘ ืกื“ื•ืจ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ืŸ ื”ื•ืฉืœืžื• ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืœื•ื— ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขืŸ. ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืฉืฉื™ืขื•ืจื ื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช 12-ืžืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื ืฉืืœื• ื‘ ืžื›ืœืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉื ืฉ"ื ืืฆืœื” ืœื”ื ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืคืจื˜ ื•ื”ืชืงืŸ ืฉื‘ืขื™ ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืžืขืฆื ื”ืืฆื™ืœื”. ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืœื ื”ื•ืืฆืœื• ืœื”ื ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืืฆื™ืœื”, ืฉื›ืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื” ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฆื•ื™ื ื• ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืฆื™ืœื”, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ืื ื•ืฉ ื•ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื ืฉ"ื ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื. ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉื”ื•ืืฆืœื• ืœื”ื ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ืฉ"ื ืกื‘ื•ืจื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืืฆืœื• ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืงืŸ ืžืฆื•ืžืฆื ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื™ืงืคืŸ. ืขื•ื“ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื™ืงืฃ ืืฆื™ืœืช ื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชื ื” ืœื”ื ืจื—ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื, ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ืœื ืฉ"ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืฆืข ืกืงืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืžืงื™ืฃ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžื•ืคืงื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืืฆืœื• ืœื”ื ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืฉืœื ื”ื•ืืฆืœื• ืœื”ื ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช. ืกืงืจ ื–ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืฉืžืฉ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื ืฉ"ื ื›ืœื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืฉืš ืืฆื™ืœืช ื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื•ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ืืฆืœื•. (ื›- 58-, ื ืฉ"ื ืืฆืœื” ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœ 2019 ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื™ื•ืœื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, 70,000 - ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื, ืฉื‘ื”ื ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื› 78-) ืž74% ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื ืฉ"ื ื˜ืจื ืืฆืœื” 85%-ืฉืฉื™ืขื•ืจื ื› ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืคืจื˜ ืœืงืœื™ื˜ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืขื‘ืจ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื, ืฉื‘ื”ื 78-) ืž26%- (ื›20-ืœื’ื™ืœ ืคืจื™ืฉืช ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœ ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช 15%- ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ืฉืฉื™ืขื•ืจื ื› 13,000 -ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื› ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื›ืจื‘ืข ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื (ืœื ื›ื•ืœืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช). ื ืฉ"ื ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืจื˜ื ื™ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืืœื” (ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ ื•ื”ืงืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื) ื•ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื™ืช ืฉื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืื•ืชื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื (ืœื ) ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื 40%-ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช) ืฉื‘ื”ื ื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ (ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื, ื•ื ืฉ"ื ืืฆืœื” ืœื”ื ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืœืงืœื•ื˜ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื”ืืฆื™ืœื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืจื•ืงื ืช ื‘ื—ืœืงื” ืžืชื•ื›ืŸ, ืฉื›ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื˜ืจื ื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ืืฆื™ืœื” ื–ื•. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื›ืฉืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื“ื•ื— ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื”, ื•ื›ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืฆืข ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ
ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ืื ื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืขืœ ื ืฆื™ื‘ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ืื ื•ืฉ ื‘ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื (ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื ื•ืช ืืช ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืงื™ื ื” ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืงืžืช ืคื•ืจื•ื ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ืื ื•ืฉ). ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื’ื•ื‘ืจ ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื›ื™ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืืœื” ืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืขืฆืžื.
612
ืขื™ืจื™ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืขื™ืœื™ืช . ื”ืงืฆืืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ืœืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืขื™ืœื™ืช ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืง ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ . ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” 2012 ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžืชื•ืš ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืงืฆื• ืœืชืงื•ืคื” ืงืฆืจื” ื‘ืฉื ืช ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœื—ื–ืงืชื” ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื, ืื• 2018-2013 ืœื ืคืขืœื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืœื”ืงืฆื•ืชื ืžื—ื“ืฉ. ืœื ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื• ืืช 5 ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉื”ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืœื•ื— ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืงืจืงืข ื’ื ื‘ื—ืœื•ืฃ ืฉืฉ ืขื“ ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ืžืžื•ืขื“ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื”, ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืœื ืคืขืœื” ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื•ืœื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ืงืจืงืข ืœื—ื–ืงืชื”, ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื™ื•"ืฉ. ื‘ืชื™ืงื™ ื”ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ืฉืžื ื”ืœ ืื’ืฃ ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืื™ืŸ ืืกืžื›ืชื” ืœืืจื›ื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ ืฉื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ื ืชื ื” ืœื”ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื—. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื ื•ื”ืœ. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืžื ื”ืœ ืื’ืฃ ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื ืฉื›ื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื–ื” ืขื“ ื™ื ื•ืืจ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืžื ื”ืœ ืื’ืฃ ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื ื“ืื–), ืœื ืคื™ืงื— ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ 2019 ืฉื”ืงืฆืชื” ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื”, ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื™ื•"ืฉ. ืœืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ืคืก ืคื™ืงื•ื—, ื•ืœื ื›ืœ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืžืชืขื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื ื•ื”ืœ ื™ื•"ืฉ ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžื•ืกืžื›ื™ื ืžื˜ืขืžื” ืžืคืงื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ืฉื”ืงืฆืชื”. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžื ื”ืœ ืื’ืฃ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื ื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ื—ื‘ืจ ื•ืขื“ ื•ืžื•ืจืฉื” ื—ืชื™ืžื” ื‘ืขืžื•ืชื” ื–', ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ืชื• 2016 ืื—ื“ ืžืžื™ื™ืกื“ื™ ืขืžื•ืชื” ื˜"ื• - ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืž"ืฉ ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืื™ืฉืจ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ื“ืื– ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•"ืฉ ). ืขืœ ืคื™ 30%( ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจื• 43 ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ 13 ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื”ืžืžื•ื ึธื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•"ืฉ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” , ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื ื™ืชื ื• ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื ื” ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืขื“ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื™ื 2019 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ ืžืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื”ื’ืฉื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื”, ื•ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื”ืงืฆืื” ื ืžืฉืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืฆื™ ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืœื‘ืงืฉื”. ื™ืชืจ ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืขื•ื“ืŸ ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืžืžื•ื ึธื”. ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื”ื ื•ืชืจื™ื ืฉื˜ืจื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ื ึธื” ืขืœ 30 ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•"ืฉ ื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•"ืฉ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื . 2018 ืขื“2012 ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ืœื”ืงืฆืืช ื”ืžืงืจืงืขื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื, ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•"ืฉ, ืขื•ื›ื‘ื• 13-ื” ืืฆืœ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื.
ื›ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืื™-ื”ื’ืฉืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืžืžื•ื ื” ื•ืžืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื•, ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ื”ืงืฆืื” ืฉื˜ืจื ืื•ืฉืจื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื•, ื”ื™ื ื ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืคืกื™ืงื”, ื—ืกืจื™ ืชื•ืงืฃ. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื™ื•"ืฉ ืžืกื’ืจืช ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•"ืฉ, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื™ื™ื ืชืŸ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื•ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื ื ื–ืงืงื™ื ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื, ืชื•ืš ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ, ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื™ืขืœ ืืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืฆืขื•ืช ืืฆืœ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ื•ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืื™ืœื• ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœืฆืจืฃ ืœื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืงืฆืื•ืช ืงืจืงืข. ื›ืŸ, ืžื•ืฆืข ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื ื™ืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ื ื•ืกื— ืื—ื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืงืฆืื” (ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืชืงื ื•ืŸ ืื—ื™ื“ ืœืขืžื•ืชื•ืช) ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืžืงื•ืฆืจ ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืงืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืกื— ื”ืื—ื™ื“ ืื• ื“ืจื›ื™ ื™ื™ืขื•ืœ ืื—ืจื™ื ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ.
613
ืขื™ืจื™ื™ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื . ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ ื‘ื—ื ื•ื›ื” 2016 ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืฅ ืขื•ืœื” ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืฉืขื™ืจื™ื™ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืชื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื•ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžืื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืขื ืชื—ื ืช ื”ืจื“ื™ื• ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช. ,ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืœืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื“ื•ื— ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืื™ืจื•ืข ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื—ื ืช ื”ืจื“ื™ื• ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืฉื™ืœืžื” ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืžืขืœื•ืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช - ืฉื ื™ 50%- ืฉ"ื— ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž 500,000 -ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื™ื ืœื ื•ื”ืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ืœื™ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื”. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืœืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉืื• ืืช ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื›ื•ืœื ื•ืœืื—ืจ ื—ืชื™ืžืช ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“. ืœืขื™ืจื™ื™ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื™ืงืฃ 10.11.16 -ื”ืฆืขืช ืชื—ื ืช ื”ืจื“ื™ื• ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืž ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืข ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื—ื ืช ื”ืจื“ื™ื• ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช - ืฉ"ื— - ืชืืžื” ืืช ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืฉืื™ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” 243,000 143,000 -, ืœืื™ืจื•ืขื™ "ืกื•ื›ื•ืช ืขื“ ื—ื ื•ื›ื”" (ื› 13.10.16 -ื›ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ, ื‘ ืฉ"ื—), ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ืื•ืชื ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืœื”ืœืŸ: 1 ืฉ"ื—), ื”ื›ื•ืœ ื›ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ืœื•ื— 100,000 ( ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉื‘ื‘ืงืฉืช ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืฉืœื” ืœืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื—ืจื“ื™ื, ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื ื•ืขื•ืœื™ื ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ืขื™ืจื™ื™ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืžื™ื•ืขื“ืช ืœืจืฆืฃ ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื›ื ืกืช 25 ืกื•ื’ื™ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื—ืจื“ื™, ืืฉืจ ื™ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ื‘ืขื™ืจ: ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ 'ืฉืžื—ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉื•ืื‘ื”' ื‘ื—ื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื•ื›ื•ืช; ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ 'ืขื•ื ืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช' ืขื ืคื™ื™ื˜ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ืชื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ; ื•ืื™ืจื•ืข 'ืœืš ื ืื” ืœืฉื‘ื—' - ืื™ืจื•ืข ืฉื™ืจื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืœื—ืžื ืืช ืื•ื•ื™ืจืช ื”ื—ื•ืจืฃ, ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ื•ืขื™ื“ื” ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืืช ืžืœื•ื ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืœื ืœืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉืชื•ืืจื• ื‘ื‘ืงืฉืช ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืืœื ืœืื™ืจื•ืข ื™ื—ื™ื“, ืื—ืจ - ืื™ืจื•ืข ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืฉืœ ืชื—ื ืช ื”ืจื“ื™ื• ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืขื™ืจื™ื™ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื”, ืœืื™ืจื•ืข ืฉืื™ื ื• ืชื•ืื ืืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืฉืชื•ืืจื• ื‘ื‘ืงืฉืช ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื•ืœืœื ืงื‘ืœืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืขืœ ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืืฉืจ ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื’ื™ืฉื” ืื• ืœื—ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืืฆืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืžืžืŸ, ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื•ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“.
614
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื™ื” . ื—ื•ื•ืช ื“ืขืช ืขืœ ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžืฉืง ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื—ื—"ื™ ืฉื–ืงื™ืคืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืœืžื™ื’ื•ืŸ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืž-129,247 ื”ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื, ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืกื•ื’ื™ ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื ื” 178 ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”, ืฉืื•ืชืŸ ืื™ืฉืจ ื”ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ ืฉื ื™ื 2010 -2006 ืฉื‘ืžื”ืœื›ืŸ ื‘ื•ืฆืข ื”ืžื™ื–ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื—ื—"ื™ ื›ื™ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ื›ื™ื ื” ืชื›ื•ืœืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืžื™ื–ื ืžื™ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื , ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ื ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ืฆื™ื’ื” ืื™ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœืชื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื ื—ืกืจื™ื ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื•ืชื™ื™ื โ€“ ื›ืš ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกื™ืก ืœื–ืงื™ืคืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื–ื. ื›ืŸ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ื™ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืจืง ื‘ื”ืชืงื ืช ืžื™ื’ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื™ืœื•ื˜ ืขืœ ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื, ื•ืœื ื‘ื”ืฆื‘ืช ื”ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื ืขืฆืžื, ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืœื–ืงื™ืคืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกื™ืžื•ืŸ ื•ืžื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื—, ืกืจื™ืงื•ืช ื•ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื, ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ืชืจื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”180. ,ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื—ื—"ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืกื˜ื˜ื•ื˜ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืžื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื™ื’ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื™ืœื•ื˜ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื, ื›ืš ืฉืœื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื” ื“ืœืขื™ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืชื™ืžื•ื›ื™ืŸ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื—ื—"ื™, ื›ื™ ื’ื ืื ื”ื™ื” ื–ื” ืžื™ื–ื ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืกื•ื’ื• ืจืื•ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื—ื—"ื™ ื›ื’ื•ืฃ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื•ืขืกืงื™ ืชืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื›ืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื” ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื•ื ืฉื ื•ืช, ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžื™ื–ืžื™ื ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืžืงื˜ืข. ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื—ื—"ื™ , ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื— ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืชื’ืžื“ื” ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื›ืžื•ืชื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื—ื—"ื™ ื›ื™ ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉื›ืจ ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ืœื›ืœืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืœื ืงืฉืจ ืœืชืคื•ืงื•ืชื™ื”ื, ื’ื•ืจื ืœื ื˜ืœ ื›ืกืคื™ ืขืœ ื—ื—"ื™ ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืคื™ืงื” ืžื›ืš ืชื•ืขืœืช ืžืžืฉื™ืช, ื•ื’ื•ืจื ืœื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžื•ื‘ื ื” ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืฉืจ ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืžืฆื™ืืช ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืข ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื–ื• , ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืžืฆื•ื ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืงื ื•ืช ืœื” ื›ืœื™ ืื›ื™ืคื” ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืื™-ืžืกื™ืจืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ื”ืจืฉื•ืช.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื—"ื™ ื›ื™ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื•ืฆื’ื• ืœื• ื”ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ื•ืช ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช , ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืื ื™ืฉ ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืœื”ื™ืงืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื’ื ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช, ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ืฆื’ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ื•ืช ืœืฆื“ ื”ืชืฉื•ืžื•ืช, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื ืคื’ืžื” ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช ืฉืœ ื—ื—"ื™ ื•ืžื”ืœืš ืขืกืงื™ื”, ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื . ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืืจื‘ืข ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืื™ื ืŸ ืขื•ืงื‘ื•ืช ืื—ืจ ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื”ืกื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื , ืืœื ืžืกืชืžื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ืขืจื ื•ืช ื”ืื’ืคื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ ื‘ืคืจืง "ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžื›ืจื– - ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืš"). ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœืžืœื ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ืชืŸ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืชื›"ื ื•ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื”ืกื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืชืจื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืš ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืื’ืคื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœื”ื™ืขืจืš ืœืžื›ืจื– ื—ื“ืฉ ืื• ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžื›ืจื– , ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื” ืœื›ืš ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื”. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2015, ืœื ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื” ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœืชื ื•ืขื” ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช, ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืœื ื ืข ืฉื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžืขืจืš ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ ืช ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ื•ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื”ื•ื“ืขืชื• ืœื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉ ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2012. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ื›ื™ ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžืจื•ื›ื–ื™ื, ืืœื ืคื–ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืขืฆืžืŸ , ื•ื›ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืชืจื ื ื“ืจืฉ ืช ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื’ื•ื–ืœืช ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื•ืขื“ืช ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืชื—"ืฅ ืœื ื ื™ื”ืœ ื” ืชื™ืงื™ ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ืฉืžืจื” .ื‘ื”ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืจื•ื›ื– ืืช ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื .ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉืคื•ืจืกืžื•; ื”ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื .ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื ื“ื•ื ื• ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื; ืžืกืžื›ื™ ืืคื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช; ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื .ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื; ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื .ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ื•ืฆืขื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื; ื•ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื•. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœื ื”ืงื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืจื™ื›ื•ื– .ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืžืฉื•ืขืจ ืฉืœ .ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื”ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื•, ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ื–ื•ื›ื™ื, ืกื›ื•ืžื™ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขืžื .ื•ืขืžื™ื“ืชื ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื . ืžืขืจื›ืช ื›ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืชืช .ืœืžืงื‘ืœื™ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืชืžื•ื ืช ืžืฆื‘ ืžื”ื™ืžื ื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืจืžืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื™ื, .ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื”ื ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืชื ืื™ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื .
ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื, ื•ืขื“ืช ืขื "ื ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœื ื”ื›ื™ื ื” ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ืฉื ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ , ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ.
616
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื . ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœื™ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืคืจ ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืืช ืžืขืจืš ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช, ืขืœ ืž ื ืช ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœื™ื–ื•ื ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืจืืฉื™ืช ืืฉืจ ืชืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื” ืฉืœื•. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ืื›ื™ืคื” ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ืช ืขืœ ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืžืœืžื“ืช ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืฉืืช ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืื™ื ื• ืื•ื›ืฃ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืืช ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืคืขืœืช ืงื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ืžืคืงื— ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืกืžื›ื•ืชื• ืœืฉืœื•ืœ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื–ื” - ื•ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืื™ื ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ื•ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ืื™-ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืœื ืกื™ืขืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืงื™ื•ื ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช "ืคื™ืจื˜ื™ืช", ืืฉืจ ื’ื•ืจืž ืช ืœืžืฉืง ื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ืจื‘, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืชื—ืจื” ื‘ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื”ืžืกื•ื‘ืกื“ืช . ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื ื’ื“ ืžืคืจื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง, ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื ืœื ืกื™ืขืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืžืจืช ื”ื”ืคืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœื ืชืงื™ืŸ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื™ืฉืœื™ื ืขื ื”ืคืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื•ื ืฉื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื ืื™ ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืžืœืžื“ืช ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืฉืืช ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื• ื‘ื”ืงื“ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื›ื™ ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ื’ ื•ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื™ืงื™ื™ืžื• ืืช ืชื ืื™ ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืคืขืœืช ืงื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ื—ื™ืœื•ื˜ ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ืขืœื™ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืคืขืœืช ืงื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืคืขืœืช ืžื•ื ื™ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืขื“ ืœืžื•ืขื“ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื” ืœืงื™ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืกื“ืจ ืฉืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืคืงื“ืช ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื—ื•ืœื˜ื”, ื›ืชื ืื™ ืœื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžื™ื•ืœื™ 2012 ื•ืขื“ืžืื™ 2013 ืœื ื˜ื™ืคืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืขื ื™ื™ื ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช, ืืœื ื”ืคื ื” ืื•ืชืŸ ืœืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
617
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ื›ื™ ืื’ืฃ ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ืช ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืฆืข ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืกืชื™ื™ืข ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืžืงืฉื” ืขืœ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืœืจืื•ืช ืชืžื•ื ื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื•ืืžื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืงืจื ื•ืช, ื•ืืฃ ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืื’ืฃ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืชืงืฉื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ื‘ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ื•ื‘ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ื•ื‘ืื™ืœื• ืงืจื ื•ืช , ื•ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืžืชื•ื™ืงื•ืช ื›ืœืœ ื”ืชื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืืœื•. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ืช ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื•ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืžื”ื™ืจ ื•ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืชื™ื”, ืขืœ ืื’ืฃ ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืื• ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื”ื˜ืžืขื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื”ืงื“ื. ืžื•ืฆืข ื›ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืชื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื™ื™ืขืœ ืืช ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืงืจื ื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื™ื—ื•ื“ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืžื” ืงืจื ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช, ืื• ืœื—ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ - ืžื™ื–ื•ื’ืŸ ืœืื—ืช ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช. ืžื”ืœืš ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื—ืกื•ืš ื‘ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืคื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืžืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ื”ืžื˜ื”, ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื•ื”ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉืงื™ื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื, ื•ืืฃ ืœืชืจื•ื ืœื”ื•ืจื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื•ืœืžื•ืช ืœื ื•ืชื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ืœื’ื•ื“ืœ. ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ืงืจื ื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ ื’ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืงืจืŸ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืกื›ื•ืžื™ ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื”ืžื ื•ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื” ื•ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื’ื–ืจื•ืช ืžื›ืš ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืกื“ืจื”. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ื•ืœืคื™ื” ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ืขืœ ื“ืžื™ ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื•ืคื›ืช, ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ, ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืœื–ื ื™ื— ืื™ื ื” ืจืื•ื™ื” ื›ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื›ืกืคื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืกื›ื™ื. ื›ืฉื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื”ืกื˜ืช ืฉื›ืจ ืฉืžืžื ื” ื ื”ื ื” ื ื•ืฉื ืžืฉืจื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืืกื“ืจ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื•ืœื ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžืžื ื”. ื ื• ื›ื— ืขื™ืชื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืคืจืฉื” ืฉื‘ื•ืฆืขื” - ื‘ืกืžื•ืš ืœืžื™ื ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžื ื›"ืœื™ืช ืงืจืŸ ื”ืžื—"ืจ ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื›ืžื ื›"ืœื™ืช ืงื•ืคืช ื”ื’ืžืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—"ืจ - ืจืื•ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื”ื ื•ืฉื ื™ื™ื‘ื“ืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื’ืฃ ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ.
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ืื’ืฃ ืฉื•ืง ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืžื” ื”ื ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื”ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœื›ื“ื™ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ืช ื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื-ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืกื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื™ ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื”ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื™ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืจื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™. ืžืขืฆื ื”ื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืžื˜ืขื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคื•ืจื•ื ื–ื”, ื’ื ืื ื“ืขื•ืชื™ื• ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืชืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื“ืขืช ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื”ืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืžืฉ ืžืคืงื— ืขืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœ ื‘ืงืจ ืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ . ืœืคื™ื›ืš , ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ื•ื ืฉ"ื ื™ืงื‘ืขื• ื•ื™ืื›ืคื• ื”ื•ืจืื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืจื•ื ื”ื”ื ื”ืœื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื”, ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ื ื™ื›ืจ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ืกื›ื - ืœืžืขืœื” ืž- 20 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื” ืœืžืฉืš ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื- ื—ืชืžื• ืขืœ ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืžื•ืจืฉื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื’ื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื—ืœื™ื ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ ื•ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื™ื ืื• ื ื‘ืฆืจ ืžืžื•ืจืฉื™ ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืกืžื›ื• ืœื›ืš ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœื—ืชื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืกืžืš ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื‘ืฉื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ืœื—ืชื•ื ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” , ืงื™ื™ื ืงื•ืฉื™ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ืื™ื ื• ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืœ ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื”ืžืชื•ืงืฆื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™, ืฉื‘ื• ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื, ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืงืฉื™ื™ื. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžืคืงื— ืขืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ืช ื‘ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžืคืงื— ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื–ื• ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื ืฉ "ื, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืžื ื•ืช ืžื ื”ืœ ื›ืกืคื™ื ืื—ื“ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจืื™ ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืขืกืงื™ืช ื•ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื›ื•ืœื•, ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืชืื’ ื™ื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื•ื™ืฉืžืฉ ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื‘ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื›ืกืคื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ื, ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ื•ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”21 . ืžื ื”ืœ ื›ืกืคื™ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉืœื‘ ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ืžืขืจืš ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืชื•ืš ื’ื™ื•ืก ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ืฅ-ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืžื—ื“ ื’ื™ืกื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ืจ ืš ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื•ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง, ืžืื™ื“ืš ื’ื™ืกื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื—ืจื™ื’ื” ืžืกืžื›ื•ืช, ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ืœืžื™ ืฉืืžื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืื™ื ื” ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืฉื•ืžืจื™ ื”ืกืฃ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื›ืจืื•ื™ ื•ืœื”ืชืจื™ืข ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ืช ืฉืื™ื ื” ืจืื•ื™ื” ื•ืื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ืกื“ืจื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืกืžื›ื•ืชื ื•ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืคืข ื™ืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืงื‘ืข ื”ืžื—ื•ืงืง ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืฉื•ืžืจื™ ื”ืกืฃ ื‘ืžื™ื“ืข, ื•ื‘ืžื•ืขื“.
ื‘ืขืช ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืชืคืงื™ื“ื ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืื•ืฉืจ ื‘ื— ื•ืง ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืชืจื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื—ืฉื‘ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืื• ืžื™ ืžื˜ืขืžื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•"ืจ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื ืฉ"ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ืœื™ืš ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื•ืžืกื•ื“ืจ ื’ื ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืขืกืงืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื.
619
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ืคืฉืจื” ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืขืœ ืืฃ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืคืฉืจื”, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืžืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืœื ืงื•ื™ืžื• ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ืชื›"ื ื•ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืž"ืฉ. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืคืืช ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื•ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ืชื›"ื ื•ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืž"ืฉ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืฉืจื•ืช ื•ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช. ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืงื‘ืœืช ื›ืœ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืฉืœ ื ืฆื™ื’ ื”ืคืจืงืœื™ื˜ื•ืช, ื›ื”ื’ื“ืจืชื• ื‘ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ืชื›"ื, ื•ืขืœ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืืกืžื›ืชืื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืจื•ื›ื–. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืž"ืฉ ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ืชื›"ื ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื”, ื•ืœื• ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืžื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืž ืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืคืฉืจื”, ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื. ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉื ื‘ื—ื ื• ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœื ืขืฉื• ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื‘ืื•ืžื“ื ื™ื ืœืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืชื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืคืจืงืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื, ืœืฉื ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืกื‘ ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืคืฉืจื” ื”ืžื•ืžืœืฆืช ื‘ืชื™ืงื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ืขืž"ืฉ ื•ืขืœ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื ืฉ"ื ืœื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ืคืฉืจื” ืฉื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื”, ื•ืœืชืขื“ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืืœื•. ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืชืขื•ืจืจ ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื•, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืจืง ื‘ืื—ื“ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืคืฉืจื” ืื• ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืื•ืคืŸ ื—ืœื•ืงืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืคืฉืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื˜ืจื ื ืงื‘ืข, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”.
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืกื“ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ืคืฉืจื”, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืฉืจืื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืฉืงืœ. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ื ืช ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžื•ืกืžื›ื™ื ืœืืฉืจ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ืคืฉืจื”, ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืชื•ื•ืช, ื•ืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™, ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืฉืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžื•ืกืžื›ื™ื ืœืฉืงื•ืœ, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื™ื, ืžืื–ืŸ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™, ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืžื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชืงื“ื™ื, ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืขื•ื“.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ืืฉืจืื™ ืœืžืฉืงื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืขืœ ื ื•ืชื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืžื˜ื‘ืข ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื•ื— ืฉืคืจืกื ื”ืื’ืฃ ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืžื ื ืžืฆื™ื’ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืœืคื™ ืขืฉื™ืจื•ื ื™ ื”ื›ื ืกื” - ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื™ื—ืก ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื”ื—ื–ืจ ืžื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ืคื ื•ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืขืฉื™ืจื•ื ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื ื‘ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื - ืื•ืœื ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืžืชื‘ืกืก ืืš ื•ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ื—ื•ื‘ ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช (ื›- 70% ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื•ื‘), ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื“ื•ื— ืžืฆื™ื’ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื—ืœืงื™ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืฆื™ื’ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช. ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืกืงื™ืจื” ื•ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืฉืœ ืžื’ื–ืจ ืžืฉืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืคืจืกื ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื”ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ืช ื—ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ืื™ื ื ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืืช ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื–ื”. ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ื›ื™ ืœื‘ื“ ืžื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืืฉืจืื™ ืœืžืฉืงื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืžื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื ืงืื™ืช, ื‘ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืœืคื™ ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื‘ื ืงืื™ ื•ืœืคื™ ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ (ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืื• ืฉืœื ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ), ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื“ื™ื• ืขืœ ื”ืืฉืจืื™ ื‘ืžืฉืง. ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ืืฉืจืื™ (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืœื•ื•ืื•ืช ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ืื• ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืžืฉื™ื›ืช ื™ืชืจ) ื•ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช. ืžื™ื“ืข ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื ืงื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืื•ืชื• ืžื”ื, ืื•ืœื ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ืืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืงื‘ืœืช ืชืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื•ืžืงื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื’ื–ืจ ืžืฉืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืชื— ื‘ื’ื™ื ื ื•ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืง, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื‘ืฆืข ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืœืคื™ ืคื™ืœื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืขืงื‘ ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื—ืจ ืžื’ืžื•ืช, ื•ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืžืฉืงื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื™ื ื•ืฃ ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ18 . ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื”ืœืž"ืก ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืฉืคืจ ื•ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืืœื• ื•ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื.
ืžื”ืชืจืฉื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2014 -2011 ืงื˜ื ื” ื™ืชืจืช ื”ื”ืคืจืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืคืกื“ื™ ืืฉืจืื™ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืœื•ื•ืื•ืช ืฉืœื ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื ืงืื™ืช; ื–ืืช ืืฃ ืฉื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืืœื• ื—ืœ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื ื™ื›ืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ืื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืžืฉืงื™ ื‘ื™ืช.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืœื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื“ื• -ืฉื ืชื™ ืœืฉื ื™ื 2014 -2013 ื•ืœื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืœืฉื ืช 2015 ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ื” ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืขืœื” ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืกื•ื‘ืกื™ื“ื™ื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ืช, ืฉืžื•ืขื‘ืจืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืืœื” ืœืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—. ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ื‘ืกื™ื“ื™ื” ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื•ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื‘ ื•ืžืขื™ืจ ื–ื• ื”ืคืขื ื”ืชืฉื™ืขื™ืช ืž- 1990 ืขืœ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืงื•ืฃ ื”ืกื•ื‘ืกื™ื“ื™ื” ื”ื’ืœื•ืžื” ื‘ืื’"ื— ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืœืงืจื ื•ืช ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—. ื™ื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ื’ื ืื ืชื—ืœื™ื˜ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ืกื•ื‘ืกื™ื“ื™ื”, ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื ื—ืœื•ืคื” ืœื”ืจืฉืื” ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ืžืคื•ืจืฉืช ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื’ื ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื—ื•ื‘, ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ืžื—"ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืื’"ื—, ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืžื—"ืž ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ื˜ื” ืืช ื—ื™ืฉ ื•ื‘ ื”ืกื•ื‘ืกื™ื“ื™ื” ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืขืœื”. ื–ืืช ื‘ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžื—"ืž ื ืžื•ืš ืžื“ื™ ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชืฉื•ืื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืžื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื–ืจืžื™ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืžืื™ื’ืจืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ืช. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืžื—"ืž ืฉืœ 12 ืฉื ื” ื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืื’"ื— ืžืกื•ื’ ืขืจื“ ืœืคื™ ืชืฉื•ืื” ืœืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ 0% ืœ-2% . ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžื—"ืž ืฉืœ ื›-10.5 ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืžื”ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืื’"ื— ืขืจื“ ืœืคื™ ืชืฉื•ืื” ืœืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ 6.5% . ืชืฉื•ืื” ื›ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืื™ื ื” ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช ืขืœ ืื™ื’ืจืช ื—ื•ื‘ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืจื™ืืœื™ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื. ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืฉื ื™ื 2014 -2002 ื”ืจืืชื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ื”ืžื—"ืž ืฉืœ ืื™ื’ืจืช ื—ื•ื‘ ืžืกื•ื’ ืขืจื“ ื”ื™ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžื”ืžื—"ืž ืฉืœ ืื™ื’ืจืช ื—ื•ื‘ ืžืžืฉืœ ืชื™ืช ืกื—ื™ืจื” ืจื™ืืœื™ืช ืœ -10 ืฉื ื™ื61 . ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ื’ื ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ, ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ืช ืคืขืจื™ ืจื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื™ ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื—"ืž, ืชื‘ื•ืฆืข ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ืื” ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื•ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื—"ืž ื”ื ื’ื–ืจ ืžื”ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืกื•ื‘ืกื™ื“ื™ื”. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ืฉืจ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื™ืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืชืงื ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžืช ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื”ืงื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ืœืžื•ืกื“ ืœืคื™ ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฉืจื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืกืขื™ืฃ 34 ืœื—ื•ืง. ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืชืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ืชืงื ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืžืฉื ืช 1975 , ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืื• ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœื” ืื• ื‘ืฉืชื™ื”ืŸ, ื•ืชื’ื™ืฉ ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืœืฉืจ ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืฉื•ื ื• ืžืื•ื“ ืชื ืื™ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืกื“130 . ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื ืขื“ื›ื ื• ืืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉื•ืง ืขืœ ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžืื– ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื• ืœืคื ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื ื™ ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื. ืื’"ื— ืžืกื•ื’ ื›ืคื™ืจ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื•ื ืคืงื•ืช ืขื•ื“, ื•ื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ืžืฉื ื™ ืœืื’"ื— ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืคืชื— ืžืื–. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ื™ืฉืงืœื• ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื” ืืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉื•ืง.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœื™ืช ืžื”ืฉ ื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ ื”ืžึดื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืงืจืŸ ื”ืžื˜ื‘ืข ื•ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ื’ื ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ื—ื•ื‘ ื™ืฉืงืœื• ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ื›ื›ืœืœ ืžืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืœืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืงื‘ื™ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื™ืจืข ืžืฉื ืช 2003 ืขื“ 2011 - ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืžึดื—ื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื ื™ื. ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ื—ื•ื‘ ื™ืคืขืœื• - ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ื’ื™ื•ืก ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื - ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืœืคื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืœื ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” . ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืœื™ืฆื•ืื ื™ื - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2013 ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื™ืฆื•ื50 ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืกื—ืจ ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ืฆื•ืืŸ ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื›ืœื™ ืกื™ื•ืข ืขื‘ื•ืจื• , ืืš ืœื ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ืฉ ืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื•ืœืขืชื™ื ืืฃ ื™ืฉ ื—ืคื™ืคื” ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื . ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื•ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื. ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื•ืงืžื• ืžื ื’ื ื•ื ื™ ืชื™ืื•ื ืžืกืคืงื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื› ืœื›ืœื” ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื’ื–ื•ืจ ืžื”ื ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืคืฆืœ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืžืกืคืง ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ, ื›ืš ืฉื›ืžื” ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื - ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืœืคื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื• ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืื• ืœืคื™ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืขื™ืกื•ืง - ื•ื›ืŸ ืœืชืžื—ืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ื•ื–ื™ืœื, ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ืš ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื—ืœื•ืฃ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืฉื ื™ื ืžื”ืœื™ืš ื”-RFI ,ืฉื‘ื•ืฆืข ืขืœื™ื• ืœ ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”. ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœื˜ืขื ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืื ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื, ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื–ื” ื‘ืคืจืง ืขืœ ื”ื™ืฆื•ืื ื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ). ืœื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื ื”ื•ื‘ืื” ืืกืžื›ืชื” ื•ืœืคื™ื” ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืœืžื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื ื—ืชืžื• ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื ืกืคื— ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืžืžื ืช ื› - 75% ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืชืคืงื™ ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื›ืœืœ ื”ื™ืฆื•ืื ื™ื ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืžื“ืžื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื ืฉื•ืœื™ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื• ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื™ื‘ื—ื ื• ืืช ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื“ืžื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ื•ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืื ื™ืฆื•ืื ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœ ืงื™ื•ืžื ืฉืœ ื“ืžื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืขื ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืœื ื—ื•ื–ื” ื•ืœืœื ืชืžื•ืจื” ื›ืกืคื™ืช; ื’ื ื™ืชืจ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืžื ื•, ื‘ืœื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืฆื•ืื ื™ื. ื–ืืช ืžื˜ืขืžื™ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช, ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžื›ื•ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื•ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ืœื™ืš ืžื›ืจื–ื™, ืื•, ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคื—ื•ืช, ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืžืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืกืคืงื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื•ืกื™ืฃ ื•ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืœื ื”ืžืฆื™ื ืืกืžื›ืชื” ืœื›ืš ืฉืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืกืคืง ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืืœื•, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื˜ืขืŸ. ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืœืคื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ืกืคืง ื›"ืกืคืง ื—ืจื™ื’" ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืชืจ ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืขืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืžื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ืœืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื™ืคืขืœ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ. ืžืฉืคืขืœ ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืœื ืœื™ื•ืขืฅ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชืขืจื™ืฃ ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ ื•ืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชืขืจื™ืฃ "ื™ื•ืขืฅ 2."
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” . ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช, ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื”, ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื”ืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื”ื ืื›ืŸ ื—ืกื ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ื—ืกื ื–ื” ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” , ืขืœ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืœืจื›ื– ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืžื’ื•ืคื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืชืฉืœื•ื ืžื’ื•ืฃ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชื ืื™ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืืœื™ื”. ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื™ืกื™ื™ืข ืœืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืฉื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ ืื™ื ื ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื•ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืžืืกื“ืจ ืฉืœื”ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืžืฆื•ื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” , ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื”, ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ, ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืฆืขืช ื—ื•ืง ืฉืชืืคืฉืจ ืœืงื“ื ืืช ืžื’ื–ืจ ื” ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื”ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืž- 2011. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืชืžืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืชื’ืžื•ืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืจืชื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื•ืช ื•ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ืกื›ืžื” ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืžืฆื“ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื™ืคืขืœื• ื‘ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื•ืœืืชืจ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžื’ื–ืจ ื–ื”. ืžืžืฆืื™ ื“ื•ื— ื–ื” ื•ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืื™ื ื” ืžื™ื™ื—ื“ืช ืœืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ื”ืœื‘ ื”ืจืื•ื™ื” ื•ืื™ื ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ืงื˜ืจื™ื ืœืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื•ื ื•ื“ืขืช ืœื• ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื•ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืชืช ืœื ื•ืฉื ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื•.
.ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชืŸ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2013 ื”ื™ื• ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื› - 99% ืžื›ืœืœ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžืื– ื”ืงืžืชื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2009 ืคื™ืชื—ื” ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ืกื™ื•ืข ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืฉื™ืคืจื” ืืช ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื, ื•ื™ื–ืžื” ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืžื”ื“ื•ื— ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื™ื™ืขืœ ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื: ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ื—ืกืžื™ื ื”ืžืงืฉื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ืจื–ื™ ืจื›ืฉ ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื; ืœืงื“ื ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžืงื ื” ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช; ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื’ืžื•ืœ ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืขืกืงื™ื ื”ืžืฉืจืชื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ืื™ื; ืœืฉืคืจ, ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ, ืืช ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืคืขืœืช ืงืจืŸ ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ืื•ืช ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืขืกืงื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืขืจืš ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืœืžืฆื‘ื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื, ืœืืกื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœืžืฉื‘ืจื™ื.
624
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ . ืžื ื™ืขืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื•ืื•ืœื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ื“ืŸ ื‘ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื– ืœืืชื™ืงื” ืœื”ื˜ืžืขืช ื”ืงื•ื“, ื•ืœื ืงื‘ืข ืžืชื•ื•ื” ื—ืœื•ืคื™ ืœื ื•ืฉื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ ื•ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ. ืžื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื‘ืขื•ื ื” 2014 -2013 ื—ืœื” ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืชืœื•ืœื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืขื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืฉืชื™ ื”ืขื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš ืฉืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื›ืคืœ ื•ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื›- 73% . ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืขืœื™ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื ืงื™ื˜ืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื™ื–ื•ืžื•ืช ืœื”ื˜ืžืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื ืื•ืชื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื›ืŸ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืจืชืขื” ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืืœื™ืžื”. ืื—ืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ, ื”ืกื“ืจื” ื•ื”ื˜ืžืขื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœื™ ืืชื™ืงื” ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ื•ืื•ืœื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜, ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”, ื”ื”ืชืื—ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœ ื•ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจืกืœ ืœื ื”ืžืœื™ืฆื• ืขืœ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ืžื•ืกื›ืžื™ื ืœืชื ืื™ื ื‘ืžื’ืจืฉื™ ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ืœื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื. ื•ืื•ืœื, ืœืžืขื˜ ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืžื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืœืฉืœื‘ ืืช ื”ืงื•ื“ ื”ืืชื™ ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœื• ื•ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื”ื™ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื”ื ื”ืœื” ื‘ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜- ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ืขืžื“ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื™ื“ื•ื•ื—ื• ืœื• ืขืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืืžื” ื•ื”ื˜ืžืขื” ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืคื ื™ื™ืชื• ืžื™ื•ืœื™ 2013 , ื•ืœื ื™ื–ื ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืžืขืงื‘ ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื•ืืฃ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ื”ืชืืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืืชื™ื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื˜ืžืขื”, ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื˜ืžืขืชื ื•ื”ืคืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœื™ื”ื. ื•ืื•ืœื ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”, ื” ื”ืชืื—ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœ ื•ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจืกืœ ืœื ื’ื™ื‘ืฉื• ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ื— ื”ืื•ื”ื“ื™ื. ื™ื–ืžื•ืช ืื—ื“ื•ืช ืฉื ืงื˜ื• ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืจื˜ื ื™, ืœืขืชื™ื ื‘ืกื™ื•ืข ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืœ ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื’ืจืฉื™ ื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื˜"ืค, ื”ื•ืคืกืงื•. ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื” ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืงื™ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื•ื”ื“ื™ื. ืœื”ืœืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ื˜:
ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืงืฉืจ ืขื ืื•ื”ื“ื™ื ื•ืžื™ืกื•ื“ื• ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืชื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื‘ืžื’ืจืฉ ื•ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ืืœื™ืžื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืขืช ืžืขืฆื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื•ืืช ื”ืคืŸ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ ื•ื”ืžื”ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข ื›ื•ืœื•. ืืฃ ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื ื”ื”ืชืื—ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœ ืื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจืกืœ ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื›ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžืชื›ืœืœ, ืœืžื“ื• ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื•ื”ื›ื™ืจื• ื–ื” ืžื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื•, ื”ื ืœื ื’ื™ื‘ืฉื• ืฉื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืื• ืžื•ื“ืœ ืฉื™ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืงื”ืœ ืื•ื”ื“ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื•ื”ื ืื™ื ื ืžืฉืชืคื™ื ืคืขื•ืœื” ืœืงื“ื ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื’ื•ืคื™ื ืืœื” ื™ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืืช ื“ืคื•ืก ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื•ื™ืคืขืœื• ืœื”ื˜ืžืขืชื• ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ืื•ื ืขื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ืื•ื”ื“ื™ื.
625
ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ืื•ื™ืจื™ืช ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื”, ื›ื™ ื”ืกื›ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ, ืฉื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื”', ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, "ื“ืžื™ ื”ืฆืœื—ื”" ื‘ืกืš 750,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ, ื ื—ืชื ื‘ืชืข"ื ื›ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืขืกืงืชื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”' ื›ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ื‘ืชืข"ื19 , ื•ื›ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืชื ืื™, ืฉื‘ื’ื™ื ื” ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืืช "ื“ืžื™ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื”" ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”, ื›ื™ ื’ื ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืชืข"ื ืื™ืฉืจื• ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”' ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2013 , ื›ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื—ื‘ืจื” ื”' ื”ื—ืœื” ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ื‘ืชืข"ื, ื•ื›ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืชื ืื™ ืฉื–ื™ื›ื” ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”' ื‘"ื“ืžื™ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื”". ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ืขืกืงืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื•ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื” ืœืœื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืชืข"ื ื•ืœืœื ื”ืกื›ื ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืชืงืฃ ืื™ืชื”, ื ืขืฉืชื” ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืœืœื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ืขืกืงืช ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”' ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืœื ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืื™ืชื”, ืื™ื ื” ืชืงื™ื ื”, ื•ื—ืฉืคื” ืืช ื”ืชืข"ื ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื”ืกื›ื ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืžื ื•ืข. ืืฉืจ ืœื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื, ื”ื ืื™ืฉืจื• ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื•ื–ืืช ืื›ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ืืจื‘ืขื” ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืฉื—ืชืžื” ื”ืชืข"ื ืขื ืฉื ื™ ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2012 -2008 ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื›ืกืคื™ ืฉืœ ื›-1.9 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—, ื”ื ืœื ื ื“ืจืฉื• ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื. ื‘ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื”ืชืข"ื ืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ืืžื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ืงื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืœื• ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื”ืชืข"ื ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ื”ืขืกืงื” ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ ื”ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื, ื•ื‘ืื™ืœื• ืœื. ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืฉืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื”ื›ืจื—ื™ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืชื•ืฆืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืื—ืจืื™ื ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืชืข"ื ื•ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืชืจื•ืžืชื ืœื—ื‘ืจื”, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืงืจืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืข ืกืงืชื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”; ืœืœื ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื ืคื’ืžืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืข"ื ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื“ืจืฉ ื ื•ื›ื— ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืœืชืข"ื ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืฉื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”, ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื ื•ื›ื— ื–ืืช, ื•ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ ื ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื, ื”ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื›ืจ ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ืžืื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืฉื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืชืข"ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื”ื›ืœืœืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืืชื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ื”ืขืกืงื” ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื›ืžืชื•ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ื—ื•ืฉืคืช ืืช ื”ืชืข"ื ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืงื™ื•ื ื™ื—ืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ืœื™ื’ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื”ืชืข"ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืœื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ื” ืชื•ืืžืช ืืช ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ. ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœืขื™ืœ, ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ื”ืขืกืงื”, ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืชืข"ื ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ื”ืงืคื“ื” ื™ืชืจื” ืขืœ ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืขืกืงืชื. ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ืžื™ื•ื ื™ 2009 ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘' ืกื™ื›ืžื” ื”ืชืข"ื ืขืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื "ื“ืžื™ ื”ืฆืœื—ื”" ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื›ืกื›ื•ื ืงื‘ื•ืข. ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ื ื•ืฆืจ ืžืฆื‘, ืฉืกื›ื•ื "ื“ืžื™ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื”" ืฉื™ืฉื•ืœื ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘' ืื™ื ื• ืชืœื•ื™ ื‘ื”ื™ืฉื’ ืฉื™ื•ืฉื’ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืชืข"ื. ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ืฉื™ืœืžื” ื”ืชืข"ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘' "ื“ืžื™ ื”ืฆืœื—ื”" ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช, ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื”ืฆื™ื’ื” ืœื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœื” ื•ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ; ื–ืืช ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ื•ืฆื’ื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ื ืื•ืฉืจื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชืข"ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืชืข"ื ืฉืœ "ื“ืžื™ ื”ืฆืœื—ื”" ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘' ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืจื’ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืžื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ืฆื’ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืœื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชืข"ื.
ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ืกื™ืžื•ื›ื™ืŸ ืœื›ืš ืฉื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืชืข"ื ื”ืžืžื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืื—ืจืื™ื ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช, ื™ื–ืžื• ื•ืคื ื• ืœื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช, ืฉื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ. ื”ื’ืฉืช ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ื™ื ืืžื•ืจื” ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœืชืข"ื ืœืงื™ื™ื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืื—ืจ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ ื”ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ื•ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื”, ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืืช ืชืคื•ืงืชื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ืœืœื ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืชืข"ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื›ื”ืœื›ื”. ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืืฃ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช, ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืชื•ืืžืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืคื” ืžื”ื, ื•ืืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื ืœื”ื. ื ื•ื›ื— ื–ืืช, ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืชืข"ื ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืžื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ืžื“ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื•, ื•ืœื”ืชื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื”ื’ืฉืช ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขืžื.
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ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ ื•ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื•ืช . ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขื ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœืื•ืจ ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉืจื•ืื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ืžืืกื“ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืชื™ืื•ื ื•ืขืงื‘ื™ื•ืช, ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ืชืฉืงื•ืœ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”. ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ืš ืขืœื™ื” ืœืขื’ืŸ ื‘ื ื”ืœื™ื ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืืกื“ืจื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื•ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘. ืงื™ื•ืžื ืฉืœ ื ื”ืœื™ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืชืจื•ื ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืžื™ื“ืข ืจื—ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืจื—ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจืื™ื ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืžื”ื ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื, ื•ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืืœื•. ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื›ื‘ื™ื” ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืื—ืจืื™ืช ืœืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื™ื, ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ื•ื ื“ืจืฉ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื•ืคืจื˜ื ื™ ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืžื•ืฆืจ ื•ืžื•ืฆืจ. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื‘ืขื ืคื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ื™ื•"ืจ ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ. ื‘ื›ืœ ืขื ืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื ื ืงื˜ื•ืช ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ืขื•ืœื•ืช ื“ื™ืœืžื•ืช ื•ื ืฆื‘ืจ ื™ื“ืข, ื•ืืœื” ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ืžืงื•ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื—. ืžื™ื“ืข ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื‘ืขื ืคื™ื” ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœืชื›ืœืœ ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืชื•ืš ืจืื™ื™ื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื”ืžืคื•ืงื—ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืชื•ื“ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ื•ืื—ื™ื“ื”, ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ, ืœื›ืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื•ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื—, ืœืฉืชืฃ ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืช, ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื•ืช ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืขืฆืžืื™ืช ื•ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืžืœื˜ ืžืคื™ืงื•ื— ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืฉืœืœ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืขืœื• ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžืœื˜ ื•ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื”ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ื”ืขืกืงื™ื™ื. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืืžื ื ื˜ืจื ื’ื•ื‘ืฉื• ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืกื•ืคื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืกื—ืช ืกื•ืืจื™, ืืš ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžืชืงื“ื ืžืื•ื“ (ืฉื›ืŸ ื›ืขื•ืœื” ืžืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืžืžืื™ 2015 , ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืชื• ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืชื ื”ืœ ืคื™ื™ืœื•ื˜ ืœืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื•ืกื—ื”). ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืฉืชื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ ืขืœ ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืกื—ืช ืกื•ืืจื™ ืœืžืฉืง.
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื—, ื›ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžืคืงื— ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ืžืœื˜, ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ืจื•ืื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืœืื™ืžื•ืช ื ื›ืกื™ื” ื”ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื ืฉืจ ื›ืืžื•ืจ.
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ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืœืžื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื™ื•ื‘ . ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืกืคืงื™ ื”ืžื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืžื™ ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื™ื™ื“ืข ืืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืกืคืงื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ืชื—ื•ืžืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืžืœืื™ื ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ืชื ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืขืœ ืขืกืงื™ื ื•ืขืœ ืžืฉืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืชืงื ืช ื”ืžื–"ื—ื™ื. ืžื™ื“ืข ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืŸ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืกืžื›ื•ืชืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืกืคืงื™ ื”ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ืชื—ื•ืžืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืขืกืงื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืžืฉืงื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืงื ืช ื”ืžื–"ื—ื™ื ืœืœื ื“ื™ ื—ื•ื™, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชืงื ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ ืžื™ ืื•ื ื• ืขืœ ืฉืœื ืชื™ืงืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ืžืชื•ืงืฃ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืžื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื•ื‘, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื’ื“ืœ ื”ืžื™ื, ื•ืžืชื•ืงืฃ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื, ืขืœ ืžื™ ืื•ื ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืขื ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืœื”ืกืจืช ืžืชืงื ื™ ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ื•ื”ืื ื˜ื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ื”ืžืื’ืจ ื•ืžื’ื“ืœ ื”ืžื™ื, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื“ืจื™ืฉืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื™ ืื ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื•ื”ืขื™ืจื™ื™ื” ืœื ื™ืคืขืœื• ืœื”ืกืจืช ื”ืžืคื’ืข ื‘ื”ืงื“ื, ืขืœ ื™ื• ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœืคืกื•ืœ ืืช ืžื™ ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ื”ืžืกื•ืคืงื™ื ืžื”ื‘ืืจื•ืช ื•ืžืžื’ื“ืœ ื”ืžื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืืช ืื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื“ื™ื’ื•ื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืงืžื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื’ืŸ ื‘ืคืจื˜, ืืฉืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื™ -ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ื• ืฉืœ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื‘ืžื™ ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืกื›ืŸ ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ื“ ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉืกืคืงื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ื“ื•ื•ื—ื• ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืฉื ืžืฆืื•, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื—ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืคืจืกื•ืžืŸ ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื. ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื‘ื• ื ืžืฆืื• ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื˜ื•ืคืœื• ื•ืชื•ืงื ื•, ื™ืฉ ืœืคืจืกืžืŸ. ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืฉื ื‘ืขื• ืžื˜ืขื•ืช ื‘ื“ื’ื™ืžื” ืื• ืžื˜ืขื•ืช ืžืขื‘ื“ื”, ื™ืฉ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืื ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืœืคืจืกืžืŸ ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ ื”ืžื™ื ืžื™ ืื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉืœื ืชื™ืงืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืชืงื ื™ ื”ืžื™ื ืฉื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ืขืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืžื™ ืื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืœืืœืชืจ ืืช ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ืขืžืง ื”ืžืขื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืœื ืคืขืœื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ื•ืœื• ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื–ืžื ื™ ืœื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืžื•ืฉื‘ื” ื“', ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื•ื ืขืช ืืช ืฉื ื™ ืžืงืจื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื™ื ื”ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืืฉืจ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ื”ืจืชื—ื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ ื”ืฉืชื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ื™ืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื.
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ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืœืžื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื™ื•ื‘ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžื ื™ืขืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื - ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืœืžื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื™ื•ื‘ ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืงื‘ื™ืขื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืžื•ืชืคืœื™ื ื”ื ืจื›ืฉืช ืื™ื ื” ืืžื•ืจื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจืง ืžืขื ื” ืชื•ืฆืืชื™ ืœืชืจื—ื™ืฉ ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ ื”ื™ื“ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืžื•ืžืœืฅ, ื•ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืชื™ืขืฉื” ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื™ื ืžื•ืชืคืœื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืงื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ื ืžื”ืžืื’ืจื™ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืฉืงืžื ื•ืœืงื—ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื•ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื™ื ืžื•ืชืคืœื™ื ืื• ื‘ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื ืจื›ืฉืช. .ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืืช ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื“ืขืชื” ืœืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื•ื’ืจ ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ื‘ืจืื™ื™ื” ื‘ืช-ืงื™ื™ืžื”. ืœืœื ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข, ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ื— ืื›ืŸ ื™ื™ื•ืฉืžื•. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช, ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2015 , ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืงื ืžืื’ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืงื•ืœื—ื™ื ื•ืฉืคื›ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืืกื“ืจื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื: ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื’ื "ืก ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื . ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืชืขืฉื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื“ืื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืš ืฉืื™ื‘ืช ื”ื™ืชืจ ืžืžืื’ืจื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืžืฉืš ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืžื•ืชืคืœื™ื ื•ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช; ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ืชื•ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืžื›ืš ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื”ืื•ื’ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืจ - ืงื™ื™ืžื”, ื›ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืžื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื”ืคืงื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ื ืžื”ืžืื’ืจื™ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ื ืžื•ืชืคืœื™ื, ื–ืืช ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืงื™ื•ื ืžืื’ืจื™ ืžื™ื ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš ืžืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช. ืžืกืงืจ ื”ืงื•ืœื—ื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืœื—ื™ื ืฉืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืœื”ืฉืงื™ื” ื—ืงืœืื™ืช ืœืœื ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืื™ื ื” ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœืขืชื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ืงื•ืœื—ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื ื•ืœืขืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœื•ืจื™ื“ 68, ื—ื ืงืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ 69, ื ืชืจืŸ 70 , ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ื—ืžืฆืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™71 ื•ืžื•ืฆืงื™ื ืžืจื—ืคื™ื72. ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ืฉืœื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืืœื” ืคื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืชื—ืœื•ืืช ืฆืžื—ื™ื ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืœื—ื•ืœื ืœืžื™ ื”ืชื”ื•ื ื”ื ืืฃ ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื›ื™ ืชืคืขื•ืœ ื”ืืงื•ื•ื™ืคืจื™ื, ืฉื‘ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžื”ื ืžืคืœืกื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ืžืขื˜ ืžืขืœ ื”ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืื“ื•ืžื™ื ื•ืืฃ ืžืชื—ืช ืœื”ื, ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืจ -ืงื™ื™ืžื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืž - 2003 , ืขื ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืขื™ืงืจื™ื”ืŸ ืื•ืžืฆื• ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2010 , ื•ืขื ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ื—ืœื˜ื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืชืคืขื•ืœ ื”ืืงื•ื•ื™ืคืจื™ื ื‘ ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืื“ื•ืžื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ื“ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™, ืฉืงื‘ืข ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2007 ื›ื™ ื”ืชืคืขื•ืœ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ื•ื”ืจืฆื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืืงื•ื•ื™ืคืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื™ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจืš ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืœืœื ื“ื™ื—ื•ื™ ืืช ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืืช ื—ืœื•ืงืชืŸ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืข. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ, ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื•ืช ืขื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ืื ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืกืฃ ื”ื’ื™ืœ ืฉืงื‘ืข ืœื—ืœื•ืงืช ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืžืฆืื• ืื•ืชื• ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืืœื•, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื—ืœื•ืงืชื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ื”ื’ืŸ ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื›ื” ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ื’ื ื‘ื‘ื’ืจื•ืชื. ,ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉื—ืœืคื• ื›ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืžืžื•ืขื“ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืฉืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉื›ื™ื”ื ื• ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžืื– ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ 14 ืœื ื”ืชืงื™ื ื• ืชืงื ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜ื ื™ืช15 . ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืชืงื ื•ืช ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืขื ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืจืื™ื™ื”, ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ืชืืžื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืชื ืœืžื•ืกื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืŸ. ื›ืš, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืžื˜ื™ื•ื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš16 ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœืขื’ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืืช ื”ื–ื›ืื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช, ืฉื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื˜ืจื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืื•ืชืŸ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืฉืจ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงื ืช ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืœืœื ื›ืœ ื“ื™ื—ื•ื™ ื ื•ืกืฃ - ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžืช ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื›ืจืขืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” - ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืขื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื”ื ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืœืงื•ื™ื™ ืจืื™ื™ื”.
ื™ื•ืฆื ืืคื•ื ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช 283 ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืขื™ื•ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืœืงื•ื™ื™ ืจืื™ื™ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช, ืืฃ ืฉืขืžื“ื• ื‘ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืข ืž ืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ืงื‘ืข ืžื•ืขื“ ืœืกื™ื•ื ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช.
630
ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืื™ืœื•ืŸ ื‘ืข_ืž . ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ืขืกืงืช ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื - ื—ื‘ืจืช ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืื™ื™ืœื•ืŸ ื‘ืข_ืž ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื” ื• ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื™ื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ ื•ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœืขื’ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื” ืขื ืกืคืงื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื. ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืฉืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืชื”ื™ื” ืžืขื•ื’ื ืช ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืžืจื’ืข ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืขืžื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ืฉื ืช"ื ืžืืฉืจืช ืืช ื”ืืจื›ืชื ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ื‘ืฉื ื” ื ื—ืชืžื• ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช - ืœืขืชื™ื ืืฃ ืœืคื ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื. ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื, ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื”ืžืฆื˜ื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ืžืฉืš ืฉืื•ืฉืจื• ื‘ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉ"ื—, ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ืœืขืชื™ื ืืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืคื™ ืขืฉืจื”. ืืฃ ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžืกื™ืจืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžืื’ืจ ื”ืกืคืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื’ื ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื, ื”ืžืื’ืจ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ื›ื•ืœืœ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื›ื–ืืช. ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื•ื—ืจืช ืžื ื”ืœื™ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” ืื—ืจืช ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื”, ืฉืœื ื ืงื‘ืขื• ืชื ืื™ ืกืฃ ืœื”ื›ืœืœืช ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ื”ืœื™ืš ืžื•ืกื“ืจ ืœืจื™ืขื ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื”. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ืœืชื™ ืชืงื™ืŸ, ืฉืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ืžื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ืžื˜ืขื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ืื’ืฃ ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืงืจืช ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืœื•ื•ืช ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื›ื•ืœื•, ืืœื ื‘ื•ื“ืงื•ืช ืืช ืชื•ืฆืจื™ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืคื™ ื•ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืœื‘ ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ืžื›ืจื–. ื’ื ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ืงืจืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ, ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื–ื›ืจื• ืœืขื™ืœ. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื ื ื“ืจืฉ ืฉื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžื•ืงื“ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืชื›ื ื•ื ื ื•ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืชื ื•ืขืช ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ ืจื’ืœ ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืชื›ื ื•ื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืžืืคืฉืจ ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื•ืชืืžืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืกื‘ื™ื‘ืช ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื—ืกื•ืš ื‘ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื•. ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืฉืœืขื™ืœ ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืกืคืงืช ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื. ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื•ืžืงื™ืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื, ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืงื‘ืœื ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืขืจืš ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉืœื‘ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข, ืœื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื’ื ืœื—ืกื•ืš ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœื ื™ื.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื ืช"ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœืงืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืชืงื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื” ืขื ื”ืงื‘ืœื ื™ื.
631
ืจื›ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž . ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื›ื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ื— ื–ื• ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2004 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื“ืื– ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื™, ื”ืชืงื™ื ื”, ื”ื‘ืงืจื”, ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืชืกืชื™ื™ื ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2005 ,. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 200911 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”ื›ื™ ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2008 ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ื” ืœื—ื•ืง ื”ืชืขื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืžืกื™ืœืชื™ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื˜ืจื ื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืืฃ ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ื› -13 ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื– ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื”, ื•ืืฃ ืฉืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื”ืขื™ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืืกื“ืจื” ืžืœืื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืชืงืŸ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื–ื”. ืœ ื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช ืืช ื—ืงื™ืงืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ืืช ื”ืชืงื ืช ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืฉื™ืกื“ื™ืจื• ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื˜ืจื ื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืืกื“ืจื” ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช, ื”ืคืขืœื” ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ, ืืฃ ืฉื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื” ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื›ืš ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื” ืžืฉื ืช 2002 , ื•ืืฃ ืฉืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืืกื“ืจื” ื›ื–ืืช ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ืฉื•ื‘ ืกื™ืจื‘ื” ืœืฉืชืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื•ืœื ืžืกืจื” ืืช ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื“ืจืฉ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ืืœื” ืžื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื“ื—ื•ืฃ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื™ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื•ื”ืืกื“ืจื” ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช. ืืกื“ืจื” ื›ื–ืืช, ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื•ื“ืื•ืช ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื•ื”ืžืืกื“ืจ, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืชืฉืœื•ืœ ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ืžื˜ืขื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ืขื“ ืœื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื”, ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ืœืžืœื ืื—ืจ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืื’ืฃ ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ืืช ืžืืžืฆื™ื” ื•ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื” ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื”, ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ื•ืžื•ืœ ื”ืžืืกื“ืจ.
ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2015 ืœืื™ื•ืฉืžื• ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื•ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ืœื ื”ืชืงื™ื ื” ืžืขืจื›ืช ื’ืœืื™ื ื›ื– ืืช ื•ืœื ืงื™ื“ืžื” ืค ืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื—ืœื•ืคื™ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช.
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ืจื›ื‘ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž . ื”ื•ื‘ืœืช ืžื˜ืขื ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืคืขืœืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื‘ืช, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืœื”ืคืขืœืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื‘ืช ืชื•ืš ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืชื™ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื—ืœื•ืคื” ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื•ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื•ืช ืขื ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื”ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ื”ืขืกืงื™ื™ื. ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช, ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื‘ืช ื•ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืฉืง. ื”ืชืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ืžืœ ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื‘ืžืกื™ืœื” ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื•ื”ืชื•ืขืœื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœ ื”ืคื™ืง ืžืžื ื• ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื™ืชื›ื ื•ืช ื•ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืื ืื›ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื›ื“ืื™ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืœืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžื›ืฉื•ืœื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืžืชืืจ ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ื”ื™ื” ืื˜ื™: ืขื‘ืจื• ื›ืžืขื˜ ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื– ืื™ืฉืจื” ืื•ืชื” ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื•ืขื“ ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ื ืกื™ื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืœื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื” ืœืžืžืฉืœื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช, ืขืœ ืื™-ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ืš. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืงืžืช ืฉืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืœืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื•ืืชืจื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืœืžืฉืง ื•ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ื”ื•ื‘ืœืช ืžื˜ืขื ื™ื ื‘ืจื›ื‘ืช ื•ืœืชืจื•ื ืœื™ืจื™ื“ืช ื”ื ืกื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื. ืขืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืืžื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช ืœื”ืงืžืช ืžืกื•ืขื™ื ื•ืฉืœื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ืœืžืคืขืœื™ื.
ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืชื’ื™ืข ืœืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืกื•ืคื™ื™ื.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” . ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ืฉื“ื•ืช ืชืขื•ืคื” ืคื ื™ื-ืืจืฆื™ื™ื ื•ืžื ื—ืชื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2014 -2012 ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืจืช"ื ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืจื‘-ืฉื ืชื™ืช ื•ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืชื™ื•ืช, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจื• ืื• ืืช ื—ื•ื•ืช ื“ืขืชื• ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืžืฉื ืช 2012 ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืจืช"ื ืœืฉืจ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื›ืœืฉื”ื• ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ืชื™ื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื“ื” ื“ื‘ ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ื•ืฉืœื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืฆื™ืืช ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื“ื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื•ื™ ืงื‘ืขื” ืžืชื•ื•ื” ืœืคื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื“ื” ื“ื‘, ืืš ืœื ื ืชื ื” ืžืขื ื” ืฉืœื ืœืžื˜ืจื” ืฉืœืฉืžื” ื”ื•ืงืžื”, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืฆื™ืืช ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื“ื” ื“ื‘ . ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืฆื’ื” ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื” ืฉื”ืชื‘ืงืฉ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืœื‘ืงืฉืชื” ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื—ื“ -ืฆื“ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ. ืžืื— ืจ ืฉื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืื™ื ื” ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืืช ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื ื•ืฉื, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืื” ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฉืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžื”ืœื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืžืฆื™ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื” ืื™ื ื ืžืกืคืงื™ื ื•ื”ื ืืฃ ืœื ืงื™ื“ืžื• ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืขืฉื™. ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื ื ืงื˜ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื™ื ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื—ืœื•ืคืช ืขื™ืŸ ืฉืžืจ, ืื• ื›ืœ ื—ืœื•ืคื” ืื—ืจืช, ื•ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ืื” ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ื—ืกืžื™ื ืฉืฆื•ื™ื ื• ืœืขื™ืœ, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ืขืžื“ืชื• ื›ื™ ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืœืคื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื“ื” ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ื”ืจืฆืœื™ื™ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืงืžืช ืฉื“ื” ื—ืœื•ืคื™ ื‘ืขื™ืŸ ืฉืžืจ.
ืžืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืžืกืจื” ืจืช"ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2014 -2012 ืขืกืงื” ืจืช"ื ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื—ื ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžื ื—ืชื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืžืชื•ืš ื›-40 ืžื ื—ืชื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื. ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืจืช"ื ืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืฉื™ืชืžื›ื• ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื–ื• ืื• ื™ืกื‘ื™ืจื• ืื•ืชื”, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืฉืงืขื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ื“ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ืื’ืฃ ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจืช"ื. ืขื•ื“ ื”ืขืœืชื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื ื”ืฉืœื™ืžื” ืจืช"ื ืืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจื ืฉืœ ื ื”ืœื™ื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžื ื—ืชื™ื - ื ื•ื”ืœ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื‘ืžื ื—ืช ื•ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืงืฆืืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืคื™ืชื•ื—. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืจืช"ื ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื” ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ ืืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจื ืฉืœ ื ื”ืœื™ื ืืœื”. ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืจืช"ื ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื” ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ืžื ื—ืชื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืืœื” ื™ืฉืงืคื• ืืช ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ื”ื™ื ืขืฆืžื” ื•ื™ืกื™ื™ืขื• ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžื ื—ืชื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
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ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื‘ืข_ืž_ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” - ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื‘ืข_ืž ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื–ื•ื, ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ื”ืžืคืฆื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ืœืขื™ืœ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืคืฆื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœื ืขืœ ื”ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ื•ืกืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ื‘ืงืจื” ื–ื” ืขืœ ื–ื”. ืžืฉื•ื ื›ืš, ืื™-ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืฉืš ื›ื”ื•ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ืž"ืž ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื•ื‘ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื‘ืฉืœ ืื™-ื”ืคืจื“ืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืž"ืž ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืœืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื›ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช 2012 , ืขืช ื’ื“ืœื• ื”ื™ืงืคื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื•ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืขืกืงื™ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ืžืžืงื•ืจื•ืช, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืœืขื’ืŸ ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืขืกืงื™ ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืคืจื“ื” ืžืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉืชื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืกื›ื. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ืกื›ื ื›ื–ื”, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืขื“ื›ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื•ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืขืกืงื™ ืฉื ืชื ื” ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืœืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื–ื•ื, ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืงืคื ื•ืฉืœ ืชื ืื™ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื’ื™ื ื. ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื™ื‘ื™ืื• ืื•ืชื• ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืชืืžืชื” ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื–ื•ื, ื›ื™ ืจืฉืžื” ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื” ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืขืกืงื™ ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืžื—ื‘ืจืช ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ 1.8 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— 19 , ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืกื›ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”. ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ืืฃ ื”ื’ื“ื™ืœื” ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื ื™ื›ืจ ืืช ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ ืœืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื•ื˜ืคื™ื, ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขื•ื’ืŸ ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ืฉืื™ืฉืจ ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืœื ืขืžื“ ืขืœ ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืกื“ืจืช ืžืขื‘ืจื• ืฉืœ ืž"ืž ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืœืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื•ืœื—ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ ืœืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืืœืชื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืž"ืž ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื›ื™ ืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื• ืื™ื ื” ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ืช ืขื ืžืกืžื›ื™ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืขื™ืœ, ื•ื›ื™ ื™ื•ื–ืžื•ืชื™ื” ื”ืขืกืงื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื ืขืฉื• ืœืขืชื™ื ืœ ืœื ืชื™ืื•ื ืขื ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื•ืœืœื ื”ืชืืžื” ืœื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืœืชื›ื ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื”ืขืกืงื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช. ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ื™ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ื—ืชืžื• ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืขืกืงื™ืช ืฉื’ื™ื‘ืฉื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืขืกืงื™ ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช, ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืขืกืงื™ ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ืขืฆืžื” ื•ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืคืจื“ืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช .
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœ ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื™ื™ื–ื•ื, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืœื ืงื‘ืข ืืช ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืกื•ื›ื ื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”, ื›ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช. ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2014 -2009 ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืจื‘ืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ืžื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื›ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช. ืื™-ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืœื•ืืŸ ืคื’ื ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืž"ืž ื”ืž ื ื›"ืœ ื•ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื ืกื•ื›ื ื™ื.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืžืขื ืง ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืืœื• ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” "ืœื™ื™ืฉื’"62 ืืช ื”ืžืขื ืง ืืœ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืขื“, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื™ื–ื•ืžื” ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืขื ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ืกื™ื•ืข, ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ืืœื•. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจืชื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื˜ืžื™ืข ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื–ื›ืื•ืชื ืœืžืขื ืง ืžื•ื’ื“ืœ. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฉืœื‘ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื”, ืฉืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžื‘ืฆืขืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืื’ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื”, ื’ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืฉื›ืจ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ ื”ืžืขื ืง ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืฉื›ืจื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืงื“ืžื• ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื–ื›ืื•ืชื. ื–ืืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืชืจ ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ื”ืžืขืœื•ืช ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื”ื˜ื™ื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืœืจืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขื ืง. ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืชื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื“ื’ื ืžื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืืœื•, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืืฃ ืชืขืจื•ืš ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉื˜ื— ืืฆืœ ื”ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื. ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื›ืืœื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืœื‘ ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื“ืจื›ื™ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœืŸ ืกื›ื•ืžื™ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืื™ ื”ื’ืฉืช ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ื”ื’ืฉืช ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืืœื• ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ืจ, ื”ืชื ื™ื™ืช ืงื‘ืœืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ื•ื›ื™ื•ืฆื ื‘ืืœื”. ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื›ืฉืœื™ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื–ืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ืžืกื•ื’ .CRM42 . ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2013 ื”ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืกืžืš ืืคื™ื•ืŸ ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื–ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช. ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžืกืžืš ื–ื”, ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืชื›ืœื•ืœ ืคื•ืจื˜ืœ ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ, ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื˜ื•ืคืก ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืคื ื™ื™ื” ื•ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื•ื›ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื•ื™ ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืฉื—ื™ืงื” ื‘ืžืขื ืง ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื›ืžืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฉื—ื™ืงืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืžืขื ืง ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืขื“.
ื‘ืžื•ืขื“- ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืื›ื™ืคื” ื™ืขื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืžืก ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœื ื™ืฉื•ื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื—ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื—ื•ืง ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช, ืขืœื™ื” ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืืช ื”ื“ื•ืืจ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ืžืจืฉื ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื—ื•ืง, ื•ื›ื™ ืื ื ืฉืœื— ืžืกืžืš ื‘ื“ื•ืืจ ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ืงื•ื“ืžืช, ื™ืจืื• ืืช ื”ืžืกืžืš ื›ืื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื™ืขื“ื•, ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื›ื— ืื—ืจืช53. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื˜"ืœ ื™ืคืขืœื• ื‘ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœืžืฆื™ืืช ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืžืชืื™ื , ื•ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืœืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ื•ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื”. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ื•ืข ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™, ื•ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืœื™ื™ื“ืข ืืช ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืœื”ื—ื–ืจ ืžืก ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืืœื” : (ื) ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ ืžืกืžืš ืœืฉื•ืžื” ื”ืžืคืจื˜ ื•ื”ืžื ืžืง ืืช ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืฉื•ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื; (ื‘) ื˜ื•ืคืก ืฉื•ืžื” ืฉื™ื›ืœื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื ืœืคื™ ื”ืฉื“ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ , ื•ืœืขื•ืžืชื ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ืงืœื™ื“ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื”ื•ื“ืขืช ื”ืฉื•ืžื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืขื ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืืช ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื—ื–ืจื™ ืžืก, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืชืŸ ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื” ื”ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ืช ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉื•. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื™ื–ื•ื ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื ื›ื™ื ื”ืคื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื ื›ื•ืชื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื˜"ืœ ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืื’ืจื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ ื•ื–ื ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืงืœื” ืขืœ ื”ื ื›ื” ื‘ืขืช ื”ื’ืฉืช ื”ืชื‘ื™ืขื”. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืขื“ื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื˜"ืœ , ืœืฉื ืงื‘ืœืช ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื ื›ื•ืชื•, ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืฉืœื ืื’ืจื” ื‘ืกืš 556 ืฉ"ื— ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืขื“ื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื•ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ 868 ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ92 . ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ืฉื•ื ื” ืžืžื‘ื•ื˜ื— ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืขื“ื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื ื›ื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืื• ืชืื•ื ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืฉืื™ื ื• ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืฉืœื ื›ืœืœ ืื’ืจื”. ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื, ื›ื™ ืืช ื”ืื’ืจื” ืœื‘ื˜"ืœ ืฉื”ื ื›ื” ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืฉืœื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืœื ืืš ื•ืจืง ื‘ื‘ื ืง ื”ื“ื•ืืจ.
ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆื, ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื“ืื– ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืฉ ืฉื ื™ื, ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืคืขืœื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืกืคืง ืžื•ืœ ื”ื‘ื˜"ืœ ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืก, ื•ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืขื“ ืœืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืืช ื”ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ืžื”ื‘ื˜"ืœ; ืขื•ืœื” ื—ืฉืฉ ื›ื™ ืื™ -ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื›ืกืคื™ืช ื‘ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื ื›ื™ื ื–ื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืงืฉืจื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื˜"ืœ ืื™ื ื ืžื•ืกื“ืจื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืกื•ืœืจ - ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื“ืœืง ืฉื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืฉื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2010 , ื”ืขืœืชื” ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืœืจ ืืช ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื”ืžื“ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ืชื“ืœื•ืง ืกื•ืœืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฆื•ื‘ืจื™ื. ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื“ืœืง ืฉื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2010 ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2011 ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื•ื‘ ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืœืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื”. ื•ืื•ืœื ืขื“ ืœืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2014 , ืœื ืคืขืœื” ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœืžืฆื™ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืชื“ืœื•ืง ืกื•ืœืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฆื•ื‘ืจื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื”ืชื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืฆืจื™ื›ืช ืกื•ืœืจ ื”ืžืชื•ื“ืœืง ืžืฆื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืงื™ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืกื•ืœืจ ืฉืชื•ื“ืœืงื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืžื–ื›ื” ื‘ื”ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ. ืžื“ื™ื“ื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื•ื ื” ื“ืœืง ืื• ื”ืชืงืŸ ืฉื™ื•ืชืงื ื• ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ื‘ืจ ื•ื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืžื“ื™ื“ื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ืฉืœ ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืกื•ืœืจ ื”ื ืฆืจื›ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื“ืœื•ืง ื•ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืžืชื“ืœืง, ื›ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืื• ืกืคื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื’ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืกืง. ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืกืคื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื’, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื’ื ื”ื•ืฆืื” ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืชื“ืœื•ืง, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื“ืจื™ืฉืช ื”ื”ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืกื•ืœืจ. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ืฉืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืื™ื ื” ืžืชืขื“ื›ื ืช ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืกื•ืœืจ ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืžืฆื‘ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ื ื™ืชื ืช ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื–ื• ื”ืจืฉืื” ืœืขื™ืงื•ืœ ื ื›ืกื™ื”ื, ื•ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื ื’ื“ื ืืช ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืคืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื (ื’ื‘ื™ื”). ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื’ื ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืฉืžืงื•ืจื ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืกื•ืœืจ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ื”ื•ื’ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืžื˜ืคืœืช ื‘ื”ื ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื, ื•ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉืœื ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื”, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืฉืœื ืืช ื›ืœืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื•ืขืœื• ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื•ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ื™ืฉ ื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืœืจ, ืืฃ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ืคืชื—ื• ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ื ื’ื“ื ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื ืคืขืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื›ื‘ ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืœืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื•ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืฉืฉื™ืžืฉื• ืื•ืชื ืœื”ื•ื›ื—ืช ื–ื›ืื•ืชื ืœื”ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ. ืœื”ืœืŸ ืฉืชื™ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืช: ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœืขื›ื‘ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืœืžื™ ืฉื ื—ืงืจ ื‘ื—ืฉื“ ืœื”ื’ืฉืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืœืžื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ืžืข"ื ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื‘ื•ื“ืง ืœื’ื‘ื™ื• ืื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ื‘ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืื ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื•ื™ืกื’ื•ืจ ืืช ืขืกืงื•, ืชืชืงืฉื” ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ืฉืฉื™ืœืžื”. ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืข"ื ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืื• ืžืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืกื•ืœืจ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืชืจ ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืžื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืกื•ืœืจ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื“ืจืš ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืคื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ื“ืœืง ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื”ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ืฉืฉื•ืœื ืœื”ื ื”ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืฉื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืชืฉืœื•ื, ืœื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืกื•ืœืจ ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืื›ืŸ ื ืคืจืขื•. ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืชืจืื•ืช ื•ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืœื”ื—ื–ืจ ืฉืœื ื ืขื ื•, ื’ื‘ืชื” ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืงื™ื–ื•ื– ืžื”ื”ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืžืื•ื—ืจื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื, ื•ื”ืงื™ื–ื•ื– ื‘ื’ื™ื ื ื ืžืฉืš ืœืขืชื™ื ืืฃ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื ื”. ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื•, ืœื ืกื™ื™ืžื” ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืงื–ื–ืช ืื•ืชื ืžื”ื”ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื, ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2013 ืงื•ื–ื–ื• ืžื”ื”ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื›-1.6 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื—.
ืœื“ืขืชืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื™ื“ื ื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื•ื‘ืจ ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘, ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื•ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืชืฉืœื•ื. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื™ื“ื ื™ ืžื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืื™-ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉืฉื™ืœื. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื“ื™ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื•ืœืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช, ื›ืš ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืงืœื•ื˜ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื–ื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืžืงื•ืจื ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ืกื•ืœืจ, ื”ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืืคืฉืจ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ื ื’ื“ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืžืฆืขื™ ืื›ื™ืคื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื“ืจืฉ, ื•ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉืœื ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ื™ืชืจ ื•ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืฉื•ื, ืืฉืจ ื›ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืœื ืืช ื”ืฉื•ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื“ื ื™.
638
ื—ื‘ืจืช ื“ื•ืืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ืื ื•ืฉ - ื—ื‘ืจืช ื“ื•ืืจ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืงืฉืจื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืื™ื ื ื ื›ืœืœื™ื ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืื•ื“ ืœืขื•ืžืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื›ื”ื’ื“ืจืชื ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื’ื ืœืงืจื‘ืช ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืœื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“, ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืงืจื‘ื” ืืœื™ื• ืขืฆืžื• ื”ืžื•ื’ื“ืจืช ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช. ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืชืฉืงื•ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื•ืชื—ืœื™ื˜ ืื ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช. ืžื”ืœื•ื— ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื ื™ื’ืฉ ืžื•ืขืžื“ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ื‘- 75% ืžื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืœื ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื ื™ ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื‘ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื•ื ื” ืžื•ืขืžื“ ื‘ืœื ืฉื ื‘ื—ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื•ืขื“ืช ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” , ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื“ื•ืืจ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืื•ืคืŸ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉืจืง ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ืžืขื˜ื™ื ื ื™ื’ืฉื• ืœื”ื. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื” ืขืกืงืช ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื›ื”ื’ื“ืจืชื ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ืขืกืงืช ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2014 ืœ-907 (%12.9) ืž - 7,050 ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”28 ื™ืฉ ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ื”; ืœ -%85.8 ( ืžื”ื778 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื) ื”ื™ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื•ืขืกืง ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”; ืœ- 11.9% ืžื”ื(108 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื) ืฉื ื™ ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื; ืœ- 2.2% ( ืžื”ื20 .ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื) ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื, ื•ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ ืื—ื“ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื’ื ืœ-24 ( 5.8% ) ืž-415 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืงื‘ืœืŸ29 .ื ืžืฆืื• ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2014 ื”ื•ืขืกืงื• ื‘ืกืš ื”ื›ื•ืœ931 .ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื ืž-32 ื”ืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืขื‘ื“ื• ื‘ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ื• ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื”. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ 177 ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื•ืขื“ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉื›ื™ื”ื ื• ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2014 ืขืœื” ืฉืœ-47 ( 26.6% .) ืžื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืงืฉืจื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื ื•ืกืคื™ื31 ืฉืื™ื ื ืืกื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช, ืืš ืจื™ื‘ื•ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื’ื ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื”ื”ื•ืœื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” 32 . ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืงืฉืจื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2014 ืœ- 1,258 (%17.8 ) ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ืืžืงืจื‘ 7,050 ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื33 ื™ืฉ ืงืฉืจื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื”; ืœ -%81.9 ( ืžื”ื 1,030 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื) ื”ื™ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื•ืขืกืง ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”; ืœ - 13.7% ( ืžื”ื172 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื) ืฉื ื™ ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื; ืœ -4% ( ืžื”ื50 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื) ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื; ืœื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื™ืฉ ืืจื‘ืขื” ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืœ-48 ( 11.6% ) ืž-415 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืงื‘ืœืŸ ื ืžืฆืื• ืงืฉืจื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”. ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ( 12.5% ) ืž-32 ื”ืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืขื‘ื“ื• ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ื• ืงืฉืจื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื•ืœ-56 ( 31.6% ) ืž-177 ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ืฉื›ื™ื”ื ื• ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2014 ื”ื™ื•ืงืฉืจื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”. .ืžื”ืœื•ื— ืขื•ืœื™ื ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื: ืชืฉืขื” ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืงืจื‘ืช ืžืฉืคื—ืชื ืœื ื“ื•ื•ื—ื” ื›ืœืœ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื”; ืฉื™ืฉื” ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืฉื ื”ืขืกืงืชื ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื•ื”ื•ื—ืœื˜ ื‘ื” ืฉืื—ื“ ืžืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ืื—ืจ, ืืš ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืœื ื™ื•ืฉืžื•; ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœืคื™ ืชื™ืื•ืจ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื™ื—ืกื™ ื›ืคื™ืคื•ืช (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื ื”ืœ ืชื—ื•ื ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉื’ื™ืกื• ื ื”ื’ ื•ืžื ื”ืœ ืžื“ื•ืจ ื“ื•ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืื—ื™ื• ื“ื•ื•ืจ). ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืฉื’ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืงืฉืจื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื ืžืฆืื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ ื›ืคื™ืคื•ืช (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ืืจ ืฉืฉื ื™ ืื—ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืช ื–ื•ื’ื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืืฆืœื•, ื”ืื—ื“ ื›ืืฉื ื‘ืื™ ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ื›ื“ื•ื•ืจ).
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืืกืžื›ืชืื•ืช ืžืœืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ืชืงื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืœื ื ืฉืงืœื• ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื”ื–ื•ื›ื”. ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืืกืž ื›ืชืื•ืช ื’ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืžื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืืœื”. ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืœืืœืชืจ ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื”.
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ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ . ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื™ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉืœืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช .ืžื”ืชืจืฉื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืขื ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช ื•ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ . ืื ืชื•ื’ืฉ ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ืœืชื›ื ื™ืช ืžืกืข ื”ื ืกืžื›ืช ืขืœ ืชืงื ื” 3(19 ,) ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืจื”"ื ื•ืื’ืฃ ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงืฉื” ื–ื• ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื—ื•ื•ืช ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืจื”"ื. ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื–ื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืื ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืžืžื›ืจื– ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœื™ื”ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžื›ืจื– ืœืคื™ ืชืงื ื” ืื—ืจืช ื‘ืชื—"ื - ืื ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืžืœืืช ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื ืื™ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช, ื•ืœื—ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืš ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™. ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืœื™ื•ืขืž"ืฉ ืงื‘ืขื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœืคืจืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื ื— "ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช" ื‘ืชืงื ืช ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ืžืฆืžืฆืžืช. ืงื‘ื™ืขื” ื–ื• ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืืคื•ื ืืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืžื—ื•ื‘ืช ืžื›ืจื– ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ืŸ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืžืฆืžืฆืžืช ื”ื–ืืช. ืืฉืจ ืœืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืืžื ื” ื ื™ืชื ื” ื—ื•ื•ืช ื“ืขืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืจื”"ื, ื•ืœืคื™ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืืžืฅ ืคืจื•ืฉ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื™. ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืื• ืžื™ ืžื˜ืขืžื• ื˜ืจื ื ืงื˜ื• ืขืžื“ื” ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื–ื•. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื•ื’ื ืœืื—ืจ ืกื™ื•ืžื” ืขืกืง ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื–ื• ืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืช ืกื’ืŸ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ). ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื–ื” ื™ืคื•ืจื˜ื• ื›ืžื” ืžื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขื ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื’ื‘ื™ื”ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืช ืžื›ืจื– ืขืœ ืกืžืš ืชืงื ืช ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืœืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืžืขื ื™ืง ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืืžื ื”. ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื—ื•ื•ืช ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืจื”"ื ื•ื”ื”ื ืžืงื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื” - ืขืœ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืื™ื–ื• ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืœืชืช ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžืขืžื“ ื•ื”ืืžื ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื›ืฉื”ื ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ื›ืืžื•ืจ. ื™ื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืžื™ื“ืช ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ืื• ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืืœื ืจืง ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืขื ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช . ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื—ืคืฆื™ื‘"ื” ื•ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื—ื™"ืœ ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืืคื•ื ืœื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช, ื•ืชื›ื ื™ืช "ืžื•ืจืฉื”" ืžื™ื•ืขื“ืช ืœืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช. ืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืืžื ื” ื”ื•ื ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช. ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ื–ื” ื’ื ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœืงื™ืจื•ื‘ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ืžื”ืชืคื•ืฆื•ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœืขื ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ื—ื•"ืœ ื•ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื”ื, ื”ื™ื ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืฉืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื”ืืžื ื”. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื—ื•ื•ืช ื”ื“ืขืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืจื”"ื, ืœืคื™ื” ื™ืฉ ืœืคืจืฉ ืืช ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืืžื ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื™, ืกืคืง ืื ื”ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืืžื ื”. ืื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื™ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ืขื ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืคืขืœืช ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ืคืฆื™ื‘"ื”, ื—ื™"ืœ ื•ืžื•ืจืฉื” ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช, ืขืœื™ื• ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ื“ืขืช ืงื•ื“ื ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœืกืคืง ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืืžื ื”. ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืขื ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื›ืจืขื” ืื ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืžื—ื•ื‘ืช ืžื›ืจื– ืœืคื™ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช. ื”ืขืžืงืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืžืฉื•ื—ืจืจื™ื ืื™ื ื” ื ืžื ื™ืช ืขื ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืืžื ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืงืคืช ื”ืจื—ื‘ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช, ื• ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื›ืš ืืช ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืชื—ื•ืœืช ืชืงื ืช ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ืžื—ื•ื‘ืช ืžื›ืจื–. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืœืืฉืจ ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช, ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืืžื ื”.
ืกืคืง ืื ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ื•ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืžืชืื™ื ืœื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ืืžื ื” "ืœื‘ืกืก ืื• ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืงื”ื™ืœืชื™ื™ื, ื›ืคืจื™ื™ื ืื• ื—ืงืœืื™ื™ื" ืื• ืœืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžืขืžื“ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ "ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืืจืฅ ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื”". ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื”, ื”ื ื’ื‘ ื•ื”ื’ืœื™ืœ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ืœืคื™ ืชืงื  ืช ื”ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืœืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช. ืื ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื“ืจืฉ, ืขืœื™ื• ืœืคื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืœื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื›ืจืขื” ืื ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื” ืžื—ื•ื‘ืช ืžื›ืจื– ืœืคื™ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช.
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ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ . ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ .ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ื‘ื ืชื‘"ื’: ืžื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืœืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื” ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืืจืฆื™ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืฉื’ื—ื” ื‘ื ืžืœ ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ื‘ืŸ ื’ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื ืชื‘"ื’), ื•ืžืกืจื” ืืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืืœื” ืœืืจื‘ืขื” ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืฉื’ื—ื” ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืืจืฆื™ืช ื•ื‘ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืžืกื“ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื’ื—ื” ื‘ื ืชื‘"ื’ ืœื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืฉื’ื—ื” ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ืœืœ ืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืžื”ื• ื”ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ ืœืคืขื•ืœืชื ื‘ืžืงื•ื, ื›ืœ ืฉื›ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ืจืชื. ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2016 , ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืื’ืฃ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื ืชื‘"ื’ ื•ืขืœ ืžืงื•ืจ ืกืžื›ื•ืชื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืขืœ ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื ืชื‘"ื’ ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช "ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืืจืฆื™ืช, ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื™ืช ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ", ืืฃ ืฉื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืืจืฆื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ืžืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื ืชื‘"ื’, ืื™ื ื” ืžืงื‘ืœืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืžืชื—ื ื•ืื™ื ื” ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืื’ืจืช ื”ืฉื’ื—ื” ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ืขืกืง ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ื•. ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ื•ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืžื™ื”ื• ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ื’ื•ื‘ื” ืืช ื”ืื’ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื”ืŸ ืžื•ืคืงื“ื™ื . ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ ื‘ืชื™ ืขืกืง ืžื•ืฉื’ื—ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืขืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ืจื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืœืžื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืื•ื“. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืœืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืฉ ื’ื—ื” ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ืกืžื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ืฉื’ื—ื” ื‘ื ืชื‘"ื’ ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืกืžื™ื›ื” ืื•ืชื ืœื›ืš; ื”ื”ืฉื’ื—ื” ื‘ืžืชื—ื ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื—ื•ืง ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืื” ื‘ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื•ืชื•ืš ื”ืชื ืขืจื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ื”ืฉื’ื—ื” ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื™, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช, ืžืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ื•ืžืกืžื›ื•ืชื•. ืขืœ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ืกืžื›ื•ืชื” ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืžื™ื”ื• ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžื•ืกืžืš ืœืชืช ื”ื›ืฉืจ ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื•ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ืขืกืง ื”ืจื‘ื™ื ื”ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื‘ื ืชื‘"ื’ ื•ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ืื’ืจื•ืช. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ืฉืื’ืฃ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืžื—ื–ื™ืง ื‘ืžืื’ืจ ืžืกื•ื“ืจ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืคืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืชื’ืœื• ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืขืกืง, ื•ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืงื‘ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืกื•ื“ืจ ืื—ืจ ืชื™ืงื•ื ื; ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื”ืžืคืงื—ื™ื ืžื“ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืœืื’ืฃ ืขืœ ืชืงืœื•ืช ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืคื ืงืก ืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื™ื“ ืฉื ืืกืฃ ืœืœื ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื•ืจื™ืฉื•ื ืžืกื•ื“ืจ. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื–ื”, ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืžืœื ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืื—ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื” ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ืชืงื™ื ื•ืช ืžืขืจืš ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช. ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘-ื™ืคื•: ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืชื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืขืกืง ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืื™ื ื• ืžืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืชื•ืื ืืช ื”ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืฉื˜ื—. ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืจื•ื‘ื ืฉืœ 12 ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื ืžืฆืื• ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ืงื•ื‘ืฅ - ืœื—ืœืงื ื‘ืชื™ ืขืกืง ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื•ื—ืœืงื ืื™ื ื ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืขืกืง ื”ืจืฉื•ืžื™ื ื›ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื”ื. ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื ืคื’ืขืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืคื™ืงื•ื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ืขืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื. ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘-ื™ืคื• ืคืขืœื” ืืžื ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืขืจืš ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื, ืืš ืขื ื–ืืช ืขืœื™ื” ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ืืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืขืกืง ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ื—ื™ื, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžืคืงื—ื™ื ื”ืŸ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื”ืŸ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจืš ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช. ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช: ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืชื™ืงื™ ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชื™ืงื™ ื‘ืชื™ ืขืกืง ืžื•ืฉื’ื—ื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ื ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช - ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืกืžื›ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืื• ื”ืžืœืฆืช ืจื‘ ืžืงื•ืžื™, ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืขืกืง ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ื—ื™ื ื•ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ื”ืฉื’ื—ื” ื•ื”ืขืชืง ื—ื•ื–ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื— ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื. ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ื‘ืืจ ื™ืขืงื‘: ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืื™ื ื” ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื” ื‘ืชื™ืงื™ ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชื™ืงื™ ื‘ืชื™ ืขืกืง ืžื•ืฉื’ื—ื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื ืืฃ ืœื ื—ืชืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ืขื ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืขืกืง ืœื”ืขืกืงืช ื”ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื. ื”ื˜ื•ืคืก ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื”ืžืฆื•ื™ ื”ื•ื "ื˜ื•ืคืก ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื›ืฉืจ" ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืจืง ืœ-3 ืžืชื•ืš ื›-20 .ื‘ืชื™ ืขืกืง ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืืจืฆื™ืช: ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืืจืฆื™ืช ืžืชืขื“ืช ืืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืจื™ืฉื•ื ื™ื“ื ื™ ืขืœ ื ื™ื™ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืื•ืœื ืชื™ืงื™ ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืงื™ ื‘ืชื™ ืขืกืง ืžื•ืฉื’ื—ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžื ื•ื”ืœื™ื ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ. ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืœื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืืจืฆื™ืช ืžืกืจ ืœื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืœื™ื“ื™ื• ืœื ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืืœื™ื• ืชื™ืงื™ ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื ื•ืชื™ืงื™ ื‘ืชื™ ืขืกืง ืžื•ืฉื’ื—ื™ื. ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ื›ื™ ืžืื– ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื• ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2015 ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืชื™ืงื™ ื‘ืชื™ ืขืกืง ืœืขืกืงื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ืฉื’ื—ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื”. ื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืžื˜ื” ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื›ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื: ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืžื˜ื” ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ื“ืชื™ืช ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื ืžื ื™ื ืขื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืื’ืฃ ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช, ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื›ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื. ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืž ื”ื ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืกื”"ื› ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉืœ 19-12 ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืžืžื”- ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉืขื•ืช ื—ืจื™ื’ ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื”ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืกืคืง ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœื‘ืฆืข ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืจืชื ื‘ืžื˜ื” ื”ืŸ ื›ืžืฉื’ื™ื—ื™ื.
ืื™-ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื’ื ื‘ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืกื›ืžื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื. ืœื”ืœืŸ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช:
641
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจ . ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื™ืจืงื•ืช ื•ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื›ื™ ื ื•ื›ื— ืžืกืคืจื ื”ืžื–ืขืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืœ ืขืœ ื—ืงืœืื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ื“ื’ื™ืžื•ืช ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฆืจืชื ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืกื™ืง ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ืื›ื™ืคื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืจืชื™ืข ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื”. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืชืžืฆื” ืจืง ื‘ืกืงืจ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขื•ืจืš, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืชื•ืฆืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ืงืœืื™ ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœืคื™ื ืชื™ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืกืงืจ ืงื˜ื ื” ืžืื•ื“. .ืžืŸ ื”ืœื•ื— ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2013-2010 ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืฉืœ ื”ืกืงืจ ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื ืžื•ืš ืž-50% - ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืื“. ื‘ืฉื ืช2014 ื’ื“ืœ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื•ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื›-60% ืžืžืกืคืจ ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ื›ื ืŸ, ื•ื‘ืฉื ืช2015 ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืชืื ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืืฃ ืขืœื” ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืžืงืฆืช. ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืกืงืจ ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื”ืจื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื—ืœืงื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืกืงืจ ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ืžื›ืืŸ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2016-2012 ื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื‘-65% ืืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉื”ืงืฆื” ืœืชืžื™ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื–ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื” ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ืช - ืž-2 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ืœ- 700,000 .ืฉ"ื— ื™ื•ืฆื ืืคื•ื ื›ื™ ืชืงื ื•ืช ื’ื™ื”ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื”, ื”ืงื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ื›ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื™ื—ืœ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ ืชื• ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืžืขืงื‘ ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ืื™ื ืŸ ื—ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื”ื“ื‘ืจื” ืžืŸ ื”ืงืจืงืข. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื—ืฉืฃ ืœืกื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžื’ืข ืขื ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืจืขื™ืœื™ื ืืœื”. ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื›ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื—ืงืง ื—ื•ืง ื–ื”, ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืชืงื ื• ืžื›ื•ื—ื• ืชืงื ื•ืช ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ืžื˜ืจืชื•. ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ื”ืžืคืจื˜ ืืช ืชื ืื™ ื” ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื•ื”ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืชื•ืฆืจืช ื”ืฆืžื—ื™ืช ืชืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืžื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช (ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืืžื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื” ืืœื” ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ื’ื“ืจื•). ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื ื•ืจืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ืืฃ ืื™ื ื ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื”ื ื”ืžื–ื”ื™ื ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื, ื•ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ืขืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืžื™ ื™ื™ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ืจืงื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ื›ืฉ ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื. ื”ืกื—ื•ืจื” ื—ืฉื•ืคื” ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื—ื“ื•ืจ ืืœื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื’ืขืชื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸ, ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืงื•ื ืงืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื—ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื•ืขืœ ืืœื” ื”ืžืื—ืกื ื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ื ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ืžืคื ื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ื7 ,. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืื—ืกื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื—ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืฉื•ืง ืื™ื ื ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื•ืกื™ืฃ ืœื›ืœ ืชื•ืฆืจืช ืกื™ืžื•ืŸ ืžื–ื”ื”, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืื ืžืชื’ืœื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืฆืจืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ื ืื• ืฉืืจื™ื•ืช ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื” ืžืชืงืฉื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืืชืจ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ื•ืœืคืงื— ืขืœื™ื”ื; ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื ืคื’ืขืช ื’ื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื•ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžื™ื™ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืกื—ื•ืจื” ื•ืžื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื” ืขื“ ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ.
ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืืœื•, ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืฆืจืช ืžืคื ื™ ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ื ื•ืจืขืœื™ื, ืฉื ืจืฉืžื• ื‘ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช, ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืœื•ืช ื›ื™ื•ื ืขืœ ืžื™ ืฉืžื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืชื•ืฆืจืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ืช. ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉื”ืชื•ืฆืจืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ืช ืžืŸ ื”ืฆื•ืžื— ื”ืžื™ื•ืฆืจืช ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ืžืฉื•ื•ืงืช ื‘ื” ื—ืฉื•ืคื” ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ื ื•ืœืจืขืœื™ื ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ื“ื•ืจ ืืœื™ื” ื˜ืจื ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
642
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ . ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืื–ื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ - ืžืžืฆืื™ ืžืขืงื‘ - ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื—ื•ืฆื™ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ, ื›ื™ ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื” ืงื™ื™ื ื—ืฉืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืชื•ืฆืจืช ื—ืงืœืื™ืช ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช ืื• ืฉืœ ืกื—ื•ืจื” ืฉ ื™ื•ืฆืจื” ื‘ืื™ื•"ืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกื—ื•ืจื” ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืžืžืคืขืœื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืœื ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืง ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ ื ืžืฉื›ืช. ืงื™ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืขืงื‘ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืจื—ืช ืืžืฆืขื™ ืœื—ื™ืžื” ืžืื™ื•"ืฉ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžืคืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉื, ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ ื•ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ืžื™ื“ื•ืช, ืขืœ ืžืคืงื“ ืคืงืž"ื– ื• ืขืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื ื”ื"ื– ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืช ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ืชื•ืคืขื” ื–ื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ืฆื• ืœืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื ืืžืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžื•ืกืžืš ืœ ืงื™ื™ื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืขืžื™ื“ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืคืขืœื™ื ื‘ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ืฆื• ืœืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื ืืžืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ. ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ื”ืžื ื”ื"ื– ื’ื ื™ื ืงื•ื˜ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื•ื”ืชืจืื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืคืขืœื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื™ื™ื, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืคื ื™ื”ื ืืช ื”ืกื›ื ื” ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ืžืชืŸ ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืฉืœื•ื— ื•ืชื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกื—ื•ืจื” ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืœืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืกื—ื•ืจืชื ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืื™ื•"ืฉ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชื—ืช ืืฆื˜ืœื” ืฉืœ ืกื—ื•ืจื” ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉืืœื™ื• ื”ื’ื™ืขื” ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืชืช ืžืขื ื” ืœื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืžืื‘ื˜ื—ื™ื. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื˜"ืค ืœืœื•ื•ืช ืžื”ืœืš ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืœื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืฉื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ืœื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื“ื•-ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื. ืขืœ ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžื ื—ื” ืžื› ื•ื— ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื‘/ 43, ืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœ ืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžืฆื™ืืช ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ื•ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืง ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ื“ื• -ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื™ื, ื‘ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื, ื•ืœื”ื—ื™ืœื ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืงื˜ ื”ืžื ื”ื"ื–, ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืžืฆื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืืช ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืคืกื•ืœืช ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืื™ื•"ืฉ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื•ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ, ื›ื™ ื ื•ื”ืœ "ืกื’ื™ืจืช ืžืขื’ืœ" ื‘ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืฉื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ื”ืจืชืขืชื , ื•ื›ื™ ืœืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื ื ื•ื”ืœ ื–ื” ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืžืฉืงืœ. ื”ืขืžื“ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืœืกื’ื™ืจืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืคืจืฆื•ืช ื‘ื’ื“ืจ "ืงื• ื”ืชืคืจ" ื”ื™ื ื• ืฆืขื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ืชื™ืขื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืขื‘ืจ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื. ื‘ืจื , ื”ืžืฉืš ืงื™ื•ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ืคืจืฆื•ืช ื‘ื’ื“ืจ "ืงื• ื”ืชืคืจ " ืžื•ื ืข ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœ"ืกื’ื™ืจืช ืžืขื’ืœ" ืฉืœืžื”, ื•ืžืฉื›ืš ืจืง ืื—ืจื™ ืกื’ื™ืจืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจืฆื•ืช ืชื•ืฉื’ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืžืื™ื•"ืฉ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืช ื™ืžื ืข ื›ื ื™ืกืชื ืœืฉื˜ื— ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืœ ืืœื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœื›ืš. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื–ื” ืฉื‘ื• ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžืช "ืกื’ื™ืจืช ืžืขื’ืœ", ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืฉืš ืงื™ื•ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ืคืจืฆื•ืช ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ืืฉืจ ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื—ื“ื™ืจื” ืœืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืœื ื‘ืงืจื”, ื”ื™ืžืฆืื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืฉื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืžื ืขืช. ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืชืžืฉืš ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื›ื™ ืื™ ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืช ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืœื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืกื’ื™ืจืช ืžืขื’ืœ ืขื“ ืœืžื•ืขื“ 1.5.16 ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ืžืฉืžืขืช ืื™ืจื’ื•ื ื™ืช ืœืงื•ื™ื”. ื ื•ื›ื— ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ - ืจืžื™"ื, ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื•ืฆื”"ืœ - ืœื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื ื•ื”ืœ "ืกื’ื™ืจืช ืžืขื’ืœ". ื‘ื“ ื‘ื‘ื“, ื ื•ื›ื— ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื’ื“ืจ "ืงื• ื”ืชืคืจ" ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืชืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืžืืžืฆื™ื” ืœื”ืฉืœืžืช ื’ื“ืจ "ืงื• ื”ืชืคืจ" ื•ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืคืจืฆื•ืช ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืชืžืœื ืืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื” ื‘ื”ืงื˜ื ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื—ื“ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžึฐืคึทื’ืขื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื ื™ืขืช ื—ื“ื™ืจืช ืžืกืชื ื ื™ื ืžืื™ื•"ืฉ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืืช ื ื•ื”ืœ "ืกื’ื™ืจืช ืžืขื’ืœ".
.ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืฉืžื•ื ื” ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื‘/2 ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ืขืœ ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžืขืจื›ืช "ืจืขื•ืช", ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืœืื•ืชื ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื , ื•ืžืชื•ืงืฃ ื›ืš ืืฃ ื”ื ื—ื” ืืช ืื’ืฃ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื—ืœืงื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื’' ื•-ื“ ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจ, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืขืฉื”. ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืืฃ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ืกืžื›ื•ืชื• ื•ืœื”ื•ืจื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœื ื›ื•ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืืœื” ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื•, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืœื ื™ื›ื•ื™ ื—ืœืงื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื' ื• -ื‘'. ืœื ื–ื• ืืฃ ื–ื•, ืžืฉื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉืš ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืœื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ืžื˜ื” ืœื•ื˜"ืจ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืชืจ ื ืžืจืฆื•ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื–ื”. ืžื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื•ืœื” ืื•ื–ืœืช ื™ื“ ืž ืฆื“ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืื—ืจืื™ื™ื ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืฉื‘ื•ืฆืขื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ืœืงื™.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ . ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืคื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื•ืงืฉื™ื ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ ืœื”ืขืžื“ืชื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจ ืช ื”ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ืฉืขื™ื™ืช ืกืคืงื™ื ืžืกืคืจ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช , ื•ื‘ืจืืฉืŸ ืขื–ื™ื‘ืช ืืชืจ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื”ืคืจื” ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื ื˜ื™ืฉืช ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ืืช ื”ืืชืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคื˜ื•ืจ ืืช ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ืจืœืค"ื ื•ืžื ื”"ืจ ืžืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื, ื˜ืจื ื”ื ื˜ื™ืฉื”, ืฉื”ื™ื ืื›ืŸ ื™ื™ืฉืžื” ืืช ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืœืคื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื•ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื ื™ื”ืœื” ื”ืจืœืค"ื, ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื•ืช ื ื›ื ืกื• ืœืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ืฆื‘ืื™ื™ื ืกื’ื•ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืื• ื‘ืžื’ืข ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ ืขื ืžื•ืงืฉื™ื, ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืขืจืš ืœื”ื ืืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืกื›ื 11 . .ื”ื™ืฉืขื ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืขืœ ืžืชื•ื•ื” "ื”ื›ืœ ื›ืœื•ืœ" ื›ืžื ื™ืข ืœืื™-ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืจืœืค"ื ื”ื—ืœ ืžืฉื ืช 2013 , ืื™ื ื” ืชื•ืืžืช, ืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ืœืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื•ื’ื ืžื‘ื˜ืœืช ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืืช ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ืžื—ื•ืงืง ื•ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื™ื™ื—ืกื• ืœืžืฉื™ืžืช ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืžื•ืงืฉื™ื ื•ืœืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืœื“ืขืชื ืœื”ืงืฆื•ืช ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉื”. ื™ื•ื“ื’ืฉ, ืฉืœื• ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ื™ื” ืงื•ื‘ืข ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืจืœืค"ื ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื ืคืจื“ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื ืชื™, ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืง, ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื›ืœืœ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ื• ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืืช ื—ืœืงื• ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืจืœืค"ื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžืชื•ื•ื” "ื”ื›ืœ ื›ืœื•ืœ", ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขืฉื”. ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืจืœืค"ื, ืชื•ืฆืื” ืฉืชืจื•ืงืŸ ืžืชื•ื›ืŸ ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ื•ืชืงืขืงืข ืืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ืืช ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืžื•ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช. ืžืฉื›ืš, ื’ื ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื–ื• ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื™ื ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2013 , ืขืช ื ืชื’ืœืขื” ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื, ืœื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืคืจืฉื ื•ืชื• ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื›ืจืขืชื• ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ืœื ื•ื›ื— ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืจืœืค"ื ื›ืœืœ ื ืชื•ื ื” ืœืกืžื›ื•ืช ื”ื›ืจืขืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืกื™ื›ื•ืžื™ื ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš, ื•ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ, ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื–ื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ืช, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื™ืคื ื• ืœื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืชื•, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ืคืจืฉื ื•ืช ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื’ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื”. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ, ืžืื– ืžืื™ 2013 ืœื ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ื›ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื” ืœืคื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉื“ื•ืช ืžื•ืงืฉื™ื ืžืกื•ื’ ื "ื˜, ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืื–ืจื—ื™.
. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ืฉืขืœ ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื• ืžื™ื•ื ื™ 2016 ื”ื‘ื•ื—ื ืช ืืช ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืจืœืค"ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืกื›ืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ืจืชื” ืœื• ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉืจื™ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ . ื”ืขืกืงืช ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื•ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ืงื• ืืช ืžืฉื›ื™ ื”ื”ืขืกืงื” ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืžื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื. ืžื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืขืœื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2015 ื”ื•ืขืกืงื•ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘ "ื˜ 136 ,ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื•ืชืง ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื”ื™ื” 10 ืฉื ื™ื ื•ืžืขืœื”. ืœื”ืœืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื’ืคื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื: ืžื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืžื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืขืœื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2015 ื”ื•ืขืกืงื• ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ 140 ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืžืฉืจื” ืฉืœ150 ืฉืขื•ืช ื•ืžืขืœื”. ืœื”ืœืŸ ืžืกืคืจื ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืœืคื™ ื”ืื’ืคื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื: ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ื›ื™ ืขื“ ื›ื” ืœื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืื’ืคื™ื ื ืขืจื›ื” ื”ืคืจื“ื” ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ืžืœืื”. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื›ืš, ืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื“ื” ืคื™ื–ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืžืฉืืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื•ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื”ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืื• ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื‘ื‘ื•ืื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื™ื—ืกื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“-ืžืขืกื™ืง. ื™ืฉื ื ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืœืขื™ืœ, ืฉืœื” ื ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœื ื ืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ืขืกืงืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืœืžืฉื ื” ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ืžืจ ืจื•ื ื™ ืžื•ืจื ื•, ื›ื™ ืžื›ืœ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื”, ืฉืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืื™ื ื• ืžืžืœื ื—ืœืง ืœื ืžื‘ื•ื˜ืœ ืžื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื•ืžื”ื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืขืกืงืช ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื•ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™. ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ืขืกืงืชื ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื—ื•ืจื’ืช ื”ืŸ ืžื”ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืขืกื™ืงื ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืขืกืงืชื, ื•ืžืกืคืจ ืœื ืžื‘ื•ื˜ืœ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ืชื—ืœื™ืคื™ ืชืงื™ื ื”. ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœื” ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ืกื“ื™ืจื• ืœื ืžื›ื‘ืจ ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื”ืขืกืงื” ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ "ื›ืชืฃ ืืœ ื›ืชืฃ", ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืขืกื™ืง ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ื”, ื•ื ื™ื›ืจื™ื ื‘ื• ืื•ืคื ื™ ื”ืขืกืงื” ืฉืœื ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ืขื•ื“. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื”ืขืกื™ืง ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืฉื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืกื™ืคืงื• ืœื ื”ื™ื”, ืœื›ืื•ืจื”, ื‘ืขืœ ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื“ืข ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ืขืœ ื ืฉ"ื ื•ืขืœ ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืืœืชืจ ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืขืกืงืช ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื•ืœื ื”ืœื™ื. ื–ืืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื’ื ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื™ื™ื“ืจืฉ ืœืงืœื•ื˜ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืืœื”, ืฉืœื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื• ื”ืขื“ื›ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืœืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืฉืœื•; ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืฉืื•ืชื ืžืขืกื™ืง ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ืœืคืกื™ืงื”, ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ื ื’ื“ื• ืœื”ื›ืจื” ื‘ื™ื—ืกื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“-ืžืขืกื™ืง. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœืขืจื• ืš ืจื” -ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžืงื™ืฃ ื‘ืื’ืคื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืจืื•ื™ ื•ืžื•ืชืจ ืฉื™ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื‘ืžื™ืงื•ืจ ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื™ื•ืขืกืงื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืœื ื™ื•ืขืกืงื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืืœื” ืชื—ืœื™ืคื™ ืชืงื™ื ื”. ืžื›ืืŸ, ืฉืืฃ ืฉืžื‘ืงืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืชืจื™ืข ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2007 ืขืœ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื—ืœื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื, ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืฉืœื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื—ืœื™ืคื™ื• ืช ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืคื ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืขืกืงืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื™ื•ืขืฅ ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื™ื•ืขืฅ. ืœืฉื ื›ืš, ืขืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืชืงื™ื ื” ื‘ื’ื™ืช"ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื•ืชื™ื•, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื’ื•ืจื ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื˜ืœื” ืฉื‘ื’ื™ื ื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื”ืื’ืฃ ื™ื•ืขืฅ. ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืชืง ื™ื ื” ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืœื ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ื”ื’ื“ืจืชื ื•ืžื™ืงื•ืžื ื‘ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™. ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื”ืื ืœื”ืขืกื™ืง ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืžืกื•ื™ื, ืฉื›ืŸ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืงื™ื™ื ืžืขื ื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ื•ื‘ื›ืš, ื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื’ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื•ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืขืกืงืชื.
.ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ื”ืขืกืงื” ื•ื”ืชืงื™ื ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช, ืฉื‘ื”ื ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืžื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื•ื‘ื”ื ืื’ืฃ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ื•ื›ืŸ ื ืฉ"ื. ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื•ื ื ื“ื‘ืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžืขืจืš ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™, ื•ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ื• ืื™ืŸ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืกืคืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื”. ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืชืคืชื—ื• ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืขืกืงื” ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช ืขืœ ืงื ื™ื™ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื, ืžื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืœื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืื• ืžื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืขืฆืžืื™ื™ื. ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ืฉื”ืขืกืงื” ื–ื• ืชื™ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื•ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื•ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื”, ื•ืžื ื™ืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขืกืงื•ืช ื”ืขืœื•ืœื•ืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื™ื—ืกื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“-ืžืขืกื™ืง. ื ืฉ"ื ืงื‘ืขื” ื›ืœืœื™ื ืœื”ืขืกืงืช ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™, ืืฉืจ ืžื˜ืจืชื ืžื—ื“, ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืขืกืงื” ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™, ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš, ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ - ืžืขืžื“ื• ื•ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื•. ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ื›ืœืœื™ื ืืœื” ื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืจื•ื ืœืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ืœื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ, ืฉืœื ืœืฆื•ืจืš, ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™. ืื™ - ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ื›ืœืœื™ื ืืœื” ืื™ืœืฆื” ืืช ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœืงืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ืœืœื• ืขืžื“ื• ื‘ืžืกื ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™. ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื”ื ื”ืœืช ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืžื•ื“ืขืช ืœื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื”ืขืกืงืช ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื "ื›ืชืฃ ืืœ ื›ืชืฃ", ืœืคื—ื•ืช ืžืฉื ืช 2007 , ื•ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื”ื™ื ื“ื ื” ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื”, ื”ื™ื ืœื ืžื™ืฆืชื” ืืช ื”ืžืืžืฆื™ื ืœืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื”, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืขื˜ื•ืช ืฉื ืงื˜ื” ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืœื›ืš. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ื—ืœืงื ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื, ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขืกืงืช ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื, ื”ื—ืœ ืžื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืขืกืงืชื, ื“ืจืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื ื™ื›ืจ ื‘ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืžื›ืจื–, ื•ืขื“ ื”ืขืกืงืช ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื›ืœืœื™ื. ืขืœ ื ืฉ"ื, ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ื•ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœืฉืœื‘ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื”ืขืกืงืช ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืชื™ืขืฉื” ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ื™ื, ื•ื™ื•ืฉื’ ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืงื™ื ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืกืงืช ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื. ืขืœ ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœื˜ืคืœ ืžื™ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื•ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื—ืจื™ื’ื” ื‘ื•ื˜ื” ืžื›ืœืœื™ ื”ื”ืขืกืงื” ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ืœื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืฉืœ ืžืฆื‘ืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ืœืœื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ื•ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื—ืœื™ืคื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื, ื”ื‘ื•ื—ื ืช ืื ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชืช ืžืขื ื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื, ื•ืœื™ื™ืขืœ ื‘ื›ืš ืืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืขืกืง ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืงืœื•ื˜ ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื ื•ืกืฃ. ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฉื ื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืœื”ืขืกืงืช ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื ืงื™ื˜ืช ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืช ื•ืœื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื . ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืื’ื•ื“ื•ืช ืขื•ืช'ืžืื ื™ื•ืช - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉืจ ื™ ื”ืคื ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืคืงื—ืช ืขืœ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืชืคืงื— ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืช'ืžืื ื™ื•ืช. ื™ืฉ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืกื“ืจืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช, ืœื•ื— ื–ืžื ื™ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื” ืืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉื™ื™ื“ืจืฉ ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื” . ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืžืคื•ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื™ื”. ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืžืฉื ืช 2012 ืžื ืกื” ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ื—ื•ืง ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉ ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืกืชืžืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืฆืคื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืžืฉืš ืขื•ื“ ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ื ื›ื‘ื“, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืื ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืช 'ืžืื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื—ื•ืง ื”ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืืœื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกื“ืจ ื ืคืจื“. .ื‘ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืฉ ื‘ื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ืฉืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื—ืœืง ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืขืœ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื•, ื•ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ื• ื›ืจืื•ืช ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื , ื• ื’ื•ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ื›ื™ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื™ืขื“ื™ืคื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ื ืฆื™ื’). ื‘ืื’ื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ื "ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ื ืฆื™ื’" ืžื—ืจื™ืคื”. .ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืขื•ืช'ืžืื ื™ ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ืœื ื ืงื‘ืข ื”ืกื“ืจ ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืง ืื’ื•ื“ื•ืช ืขื•ืช'ืžืื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื ื›ืกื™ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืขืช ืคื™ืจื•ืงื”, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœืจืฉื ื”ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืคื™ืจื•ืง ืื’ื•ื“ื” ืขื•ืช'ืžืื ื™ืช, ื•ืกืžื›ื•ืชื• ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช ืœืžื—ื™ืงืช ืื’ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื—ื•ืง ื”ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช. ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืžืœืžื“ ืฉื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืœื ืžืขื˜ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืขืžื“ื• ืขืœ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืช'ืžืื ื™ื•ืช, ื•ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ ืœื ื—ืœื” ื›ืœ ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื•ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ืคื ื™ื ื›ื™ ืœื ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืื’ื•ื“ื•ืช ืขื•ืช'ืžืื ื™ื•ืช ื™ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืœื ื›ืœ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื•ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™, ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืฉื›ืžื” ืžืŸ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืช'ืžืื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื›ื™ื•ื ื”ืŸ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืง ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™. ืžื” ื’ื ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช ื™ืฉ ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื™ื™ื’ืจืžื• ื ื–ืงื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื”, ื•ื”ืจืื™ื” ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืฉื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื ื—ืฉืคื• ืคืจืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืœืžื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืื’ื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื–ื•, ืืฃ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืžืกื›ื™ืžื™ื ื›ื™ ืื™ -ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืื’ื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืฉืงืคืช ื›ืฉืœ ืจื’ื•ืœื˜ื•ืจื™ ืžืชืžืฉืš, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืžืชืžื”ืžื” ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ื” .
ืžืžืกืžื›ื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ืฉืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืœืืžืฅ ืืช ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืคืจืกืžื” ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2015 ืืชื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื•ืื•ืœื ื‘ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœื”ืžืœืฆืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื”.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื . ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืœืœื™ื ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื—ื™ืจื•ื - ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื—ื•ืฆื™ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืขื“ ืœืื—ืจ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2017 , ืœืื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืคื ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื• ืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื•. ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ืคืก"ื— ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืคื•ืขืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืคืขืจ ื‘ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืœืžืฉื™ืžืช ื”ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืชืจื™ืข ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืฉืจ ื”ืคื ื™ื. .ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื, ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืจืช ื—ืœืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ื ื”ื•ื˜ืœื” ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ืคืก"ื—, ื”ื™ื ืœื ืžื™ืคืชื” ืืช ื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื”ื•ืชื™ืจื” ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืคืขืจื™ื ืœืœื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ. ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืœืงื•ื™ื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืžืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืžืืžืฆื™ ืงื‘ื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืœืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ื, ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”ืžืชื™ื ื•ื‘ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื™ืงื™ืจื™ื”ืŸ ื ืกืคื•. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืœืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ื, ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืขื ื” ืžืœื ืœืงื‘ื•ืจืช ื—ืœืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ื, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ ื™ื, ื•ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืžืขื ื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช, ื›ื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืืฉืจ ื™ื™ืขื“ ืืชืจื™ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืจืช ืืจืขื™, ืœื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ื”ื ื™ืฉืžืฉื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืจืช ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื, ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช, ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืขื ื” ืžืœื ืœืงื‘ื•ืจืช ืืจืขื™ ืฉืœ ื—ืœืœื™ื ืœื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื. ืขืœ ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืœืฉืงืฃ ื–ืืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš, ืœื”ืงืฆื•ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ืคืก"ื—, ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื™ื ืœื ื‘ื—ื ื” ืืช ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืจื”35 . ืžืžื™ืœื, ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ืคืก"ื— ื’ื™ื‘ืฉื” ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืคืขืœื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืงื‘ื•ืจืช ื—ืœืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ื, ืชืคื™ืกื” ื–ื• ืœืงืชื” ื‘ื—ืกืจ.
ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื‘ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื , ื ืคื’ืขืช ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืœืœื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ื. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื , ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืจื—"ืœ ื•ื›ืœืœ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืœืœื™ื, ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ื ื•ืกื— ืกื•ืคื™ ื•ืžื•ืกื›ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืขืช ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืืฉืจ ื™ื™ืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื–ื”. ืขืœ ื”ืžืœ"ืœ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื”ืฆืขื” ื–ื• ืชืขืœื” ืœื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืฉืœืžืชื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื”. ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืžืœ"ืœ ื•ืœืจื—"ืœ , ื›ื™ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืœืœื™ื ืžืฆื˜ืจืฃ ืœืจืฉื™ืžื” ืืจื•ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื, ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืขื‘ืจ, ื•ืฉื‘ื”ื ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืชื™ืื•ื ื•ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ ืŸ ื”ืžืœ"ืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ19. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืจืื•ื™, ื›ื™ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืžื•ืคืงื“ ืขืœ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžืœ"ืœ , ื•ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ , ื™ืกื“ื™ืจื• ืืช ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืœ"ืœ ื•ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื•ืืช ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ื’ื•ืžืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืขืจื™ื›ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื˜ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืขื•ืจืฃ, ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ืœืœื™ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžืœ"ืœ.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืคื’ืžื™ื ื‘ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ื—ื›ืจืช ืงืจืงืข ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช - ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงืจืงืขื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืจืž"ื™ ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ื“ืžื™ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื›ืกื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืงืฆื• ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื’ื•ืคื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืงืจืงืข ืœืžื˜ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื™ืฉืชืžืฉื• ื‘ื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืฉื›ืจืชื”, ื•ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ืชื ืื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืงืจืงืข ื–ื•, ื’ื ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืฉื›ืจื” ืœืื•ืชื” ืžื˜ืจื” (ืจืื•ื™ื” ืฉืœืขืฆืžื”), ื•ืื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืงื•ืคื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช. ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉืœื ื”ื•ืžืฆืื” ืœืจืž"ื™ ื”ืžืœืฆืช ืฉืจ ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ, ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ื“ืจื•ื ืื™ืฉืจื” ืืช ื”ืงืฆืืช ื”ืงืจืงืข ืชืžื•ืจืช ื“ืžื™ ื—ื›ื™ืจื” ืกืžืœื™ื™ื, ื•ื ื—ืชื ื—ื•ื–ื” ื—ื›ื™ืจื”. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืจื•ื›ืฉืช ื”ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช, ืฉืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื” ืขืกืงื™ื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืžื—ืœืงืช ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื“ืื– ื”ื™ ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืจื” ืœืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืจื•ื›ืฉืช ืชืฉืืฃ ืœืžืงืกื ืืช ืคื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื›ืก ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืชืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ ื• ืฉืœื ืœืคื™ ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ืœื• ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื” ื”ื—ื›ื™ืจื” - "ืžืจื›ื– ื ื•ืขืจ ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืช". ืœืฉื ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืชื”, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ืžืคืงื—ื™ ืจืž"ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืจ ื‘ื ื›ืก ืœืคื ื™ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ ื•ื•ื“ืื• ื›ื™ ื”ื ื›ืก ืžืฉืžืฉ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”, ืืš ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื ื ื ืงื˜ื• ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ื‘ืงืจืงืข. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉื‘ื—ื•ื–ื” ื”ื—ื›ื™ืจื” ืœื ืฉื•ื ื” ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ืงืจืงืข, ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2011 ืจืืฉืช ืฆื•ื•ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื“ืื– ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ืจืž"ื™ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ืจืืฉืช ืฆื•ื•ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืขืกืงืื•ืช) ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืžื—ืœืงืช ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื“ืื–, ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื›ืคื•ืคื” ืœื”, ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื• ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžื ื™ืขื” ืœืืฉืจ ืืช ื‘ืงืฉืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืชืจ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”. ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื›ืŸ ื ื‘ื ื• ื‘ืชื™ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืงืจืงืข ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ื–ื” ื”ื—ื›ื™ืจื” ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืžื˜ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช. ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืจืืฉืช ืฆื•ื•ืช ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ืžื—ืœืงืช ืขืกืงืื•ืช ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื“ืื– ืœื ืคืขืœื• ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ืžื”ืŸ: ื”ืŸ ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื• ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืœืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืœื ืฉืฉื•ื ื” ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ืงืจืงืข ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื” ื” ื—ื›ื™ืจื”, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื‘ืœื ืฉื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื– ืื™ืฉืจื” ืืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ื™ื™ืขื•ื“. ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ื’ื ืœื ื ื’ื‘ื• ื“ืžื™ ื”ื™ืชืจ. .ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืœืคื™ื• ืจืž"ื™ ืžื—ื›ื™ืจื” ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ืœืžื˜ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ื“ืžื™ ื—ื›ื™ืจื” ืžื•ืคื—ืชื™ื, ื•ืืœื” ืžืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ืœื’ื•ืฃ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืื• ืจืฉื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืงืฆืืช ืงืจืงืข ืœืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืžืขื ื™ืงื™ื ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื—ื™ื ื ืื• ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืžืฉืžืฉ ืœื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“25. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื™ื™ืงื•ืจ ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืื–ืจื—. ืืฃ ืฉื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ืžื˜ื” ืจืž "ื™ ื”ื™ื• ืขืจื™ื ืœื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ืงืจืงืข ืœืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ื”ื ืœื ื”ืขืœื• ืืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ืœื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืจืž"ื™ ืื• ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื” . ื’ื ื”ื”ื ื”ืœื” ื•ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื ื™ื–ืžื• ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื–ื•.
5. ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืžื ื”ืœ ืื’ืฃ ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื‘ื—ื˜ื™ ื‘ื” ื”ืขืกืงื™ืช ื‘ืจืž"ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ืขืœื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืจืž"ื™ ืื• ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจืช ื ื›ืกื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืงืฆื• ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ืืฃ ืฉื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื–ื• ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2010.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื . ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ืคืœื™ื” ื‘ืืกืคืงืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื .ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ืืคื•ื ื›ื™ ืžืขืช ื—ืงื™ืงืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ืชื•ื‘ืขื ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ -2006 ื•ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื•ื’ืฉ ืžืกืคืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืœ ืชื•ื‘ืขื ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืง ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืคืœื™ื”. ื™ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืชื•ื‘ืขื ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื•ืคืงื“ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื™ืฉืงื•ืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื™ื‘ื™ืื• ืœื™ื“ื™ ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ื—ืกืžื™ื ื‘ื”ื’ืฉืช ืชื•ื‘ืขื ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื ืคื’ืขื™ ื”ื”ืคืœื™ื” ืขืฆืžื ืื• ื‘ ืืžืฆืขื•ืช "ืจืฉื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช". ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื–ื• ืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื”ืžื•ื ื— "ืจืฉื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช" ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืชื•ื‘ืขื ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืื• ื›ืœ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืื—ืจ ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ื”ื’ืฉืชืŸ ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืœื™ื” ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืคืœื™ื”. .ืชืžื•ื ื” ื“ื•ืžื” ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ื’ื ื”ื“ื•ื— ืœืžื™ื’ื•ืจ ื”ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขืžื“ื•ืช ืฉื”ืฆื™ื’ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื: ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžื”ืคืขืœืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ. ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ -ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืžื ื™ืขืช ื”ื”ืคืœื™ื”, ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื”ืคืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืœื ื“ื™ื—ื•ื™ ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืขื“ ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2017 ื˜ืจื ื‘ื•ืฆืขื• ื‘ืจื•ื‘ืŸ. ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืœื ื“ื™ื—ื•ื™ ืœื”ื˜ืžืขื” ืžื”ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื”ืคืœื™ื” ื•ื”ื’ื–ืขื ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืคื•ืช ืฉืœื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื›ื™ ืœื ื ืžืฆื ืฉื™ื–ื ืื›ื™ืคื” ืคืœื™ืœื™ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ืœืกืžื›ื•ืชื•. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื›ืžืขื˜ ืฉืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืคืขื™ืœื• ื‘ื”ื ืืช ื”ืกื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช ืื• ื”ืคืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกืžื›ื•ืชื. ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืขืจ ืฉืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืœื”ื—ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ืง ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื”ืคืœื™ื” ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื”ื™ื•ืขืž"ืฉ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื›ื™ ื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ ืœื ื”ื•ื—ืœ ืขืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืื™ื ื ื—ืจื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืœื ืขืœ ืžืงืจื™ ื”ืคืœื™ื” ืฉืœื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืงื‘ืœื” ื•ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ืœืžื•ืกื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ (ืžืงืจื™ ื”ืคืœื™ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื). ื”ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืžืชืงื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ ืžืชื‘ืจืจื•ืช ื›ื›ืœ ืชืœื•ื ื” ืื—ืจืช, ืœื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื•ื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืžืคืงื—ื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ื—ืจื“ื™. ืคืกื™ืงืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื’"ืฅ ืขืžื ื•ืืœ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืื›ื™ืคืชื• ืฉืœ ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ืŸ, ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ืชื• ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืžื™ื’ื•ืจ ื”ื”ืคืœื™ื”, ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžื•ืคืขื™ื” ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื—ื•. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื”ื—ื™ืœ ื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืฉื™ืงื™ืฃ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื•ืืช ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื”ืคืœื™ื”.
ืžืŸ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจืŸ ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืขืจืจ ื”ื™ื” ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืขืฉื™ืจื™ืช ื”ืื—ื•ื– ืž ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ื™ื51. ืขื•ื“ ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ื ื“ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืขืจืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืœืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื’ืฉื•ืช, ื•ืื™ืœื• ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขืจืจื™ื ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืœืžืกืคืจ ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืฉื ื™ื“ื•ื ื•. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืงื™ื™ื ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืžื•ืฉืš ืžื ืคื” ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืžืฆืžืฆื ืืช ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืขืจืจ ืžื›ืจื™ืขื” ื‘ื”ื ืœืžืงืจื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื”ืงื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“ . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื›ื™ ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ ืœื ืกื™ื™ืข ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœื”ืกืจืช ื”ื—ืกืžื™ื ื”ืžื•ื ืขื™ื ืžืื ืฉื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืืœื™ื”.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืจืฉื ื”ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื .ืžื”ืชืจืฉื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื—ืœื” ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืžืง ืฉื”ื—ืœื• ื‘ื”ืŸ ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื”, ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ืฉื ืช 2013 . ื‘ืฉื ืช 2016 ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืงื™ื˜ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœ -2011 ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื›-60%. ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืจืฉื ืื™ื ื ืขื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืžืง ื‘ืฉื ืช 2013 ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื›-17% ืœืขื•ืžืช2012 ื•ืฉืœ ื›-5% ืœืขื•ืžืช2011 , ื•ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืš ืžื’ืžืช ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2014 (ื›-28% ืœืขื•ืžืช2011 ,)2015 (ื›-55% ืœืขื•ืžืช 2011) ื•-2016 (ื›-60% ืœืขื•ืžืช2011 .) ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื ื›ื™ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืžืง ื”ืŸ ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืฉื‘ืจืฉื•ืชื• ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ื•ืœืงื™ื•ื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ. ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืžื™ืฉืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœืžืœื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™. ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื–ื• ืจื’ื™ืฉื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืฉื›ืŸ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื” ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจ ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชืคืงื•ื“ืŸ. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืจืฉื ื™ืงื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืขื•ืžืง, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืื™ืชื•ืจ ื•ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื“ืงื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ืžืขื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืจื•ืง ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื”ืจืฉื ื‘ืฉื ืช 2014 ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฉื—ืœืฃ ืžืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ื”ืชืจืื” ื•ืขื“ ื”ื’ืฉืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืฆื• ืคื™ืจื•ืง ืขืžื“ ืขืœ ื›ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ื”60 ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข. ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ื›ื™ ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืžื•ืชื” ื”ืžืชื ื”ืœืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœืงื•ื™ ื•ื™ืฉ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืžื ื•ืข ื ื–ืง ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆืื• ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืžื—ื™ืงืช ืขืžื•ืชื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืกืงื• ื•ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื ื™ื ื ืฉืœื—ื” ืœืขืžื•ืชื” ื”ืชืจืื” ืœืคื ื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืง ืœืœื ื”ืชื›ืชื‘ื•ืช ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช , ื•ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื—ืœืฃ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืชื›ืชื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื ืขื ื”ืขืžื•ืชื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ื”ืชืจืื” ืœืคื ื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืง ื”ื™ื” ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœืจืฉื ืžืื’ืจ ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืžื•ืžืœืฆื™ ื ืขื ื”ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืชื™ืงื™ ืคื™ืจื•ืง ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช, ืฉืžืžื ื• ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืชื™ื•. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื”ื›ื•ื ืก ื”ืจืฉืžื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืžืื’ืจ ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืงื•ืฃ ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™.
.ืžืžืžืฆืื™ื• ืฉืœ ืคืจืง ื–ื” ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื”ื—ืœ ืžืฉื ืช 2013 ื•ืขื“ ื™ื•ื ื™ 2016 , ืžืชื•ืš 643 ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืขื•ืžืง ืฉื”ื—ืœื• ื”ื•ืคืกืงื•57 (ื›-9% ) ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื ืžืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช. ื—ืœืงืŸ ื‘ืฉืœ ืื•ืจืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื—ืœืงืŸ ื‘ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื—ืœืงืŸ ื‘ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืชื™ืื•ื ืขื ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ืื• ืขื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื. ื”ืจืฉื ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืžืง.
650
ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช . ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื–ื›ื•ืช ืื–ืจื—ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช ื›ื™ ืกืงืจื™ื ื•ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืื™ื ื ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ื ืคื˜ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื‘ืื• ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืœืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืžืฉืงืฃ ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืœืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช; ืœื”ืคืš - ื”ื ื—ื” ื–ื• ืื™ ื ื” ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ืช ืขื ืžืกืžืš ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืฉื‘ื”ื›ื ืชื• ื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช ืขืฆืžื•. ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืกืžื™ื ื”ืคื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืงื‘ืจ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืœืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื–ื• - ื”ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื˜ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืขืœืžื™ืŸ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื™ื ืœืขื•ืžืช ืืœื” ื”ืžื•ืคืขืœื™ื ืžื›ื•ื— ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื“ืช, ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ืฉืžืงื•ืจืŸ ื‘ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื˜ื” ื›ืžืชื•ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ืžื™ื“ืข ื—ืกืจ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื•ื—ืกืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื (ืจืื• ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš) - ื›ืœ ืืœื• ืžืฆืžืฆืžื™ื ืืช ื”ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืฉืœ ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื•ืžืคื—ื™ืชื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืœื”. ืืฉืจ ืœื™ื•ื–ืžืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืืคืฉืจ ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ื˜ืงืก ื—ื™ืœื•ื ื™ ื‘ื—ืœืงื•ืช ื ืคืจื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื™ื ื’ื•ืคื™ ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื , ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื ื’ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื ื‘ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ื• ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื•ืื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืช ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืœื”ื ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข. ืžืชืจืฉื™ื 1 ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื”ื•ื 10% ,ืžื”ื ืคื˜ืจื™ื ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื›ืœืœ -ืืจืฆื™ ื‘ - 3,120 ;ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื‘ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื•ื 17% - ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘- 17,120 ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืจื”. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืžื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื”ื™ืฆืข ื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข ื•ื”ื“ืจื•ื, ืื–ื•ืจ ืฉื‘ื• ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ื“ืฃ ื”ื™ืฆืข ืฉืœ ื›- 7,000 ืžืงื•ืžื•ืชืœืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ (ืœืคื™ ืชืจื—ื™ืฉ ืฉืœ 10% ); ืื•ืœื ื‘ื’ื•ืฉ ื“ืŸ ื”ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื™ืกืชื›ื ื‘- 4,700 ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช (ืชืจื—ื™ืฉ ืฉืœ%1021 ). ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื”ื™ืฆืข ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื - ืืฃ ืฉื”ืขื™ืจ ืžื•ื ื” ื›- 870,000 ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื, ืื™ืŸืœื”ื ื›ืœืœ ื”ื™ืฆืข ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื”ืคืขืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื™ืฆืข ืœื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืขืœื•ืœ ืืฃ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ , ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ืชืจื—ื™ืฉื™ื ืฉืฆื•ื™ื ื• ืœืขื™ืœ, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ื‘ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืœืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ืช, ืฉื”ื™ืงืคื” ื›-20% ืžื›ืœืœ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืจื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” - ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกืชืžืš ืขืœ ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฆืื™ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื”. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ, ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื - ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื—ื•ืง, ืœืชืช ืืช ื“ืขืชื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžื”ื™ืžื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื™ืฆืข ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืœื”ื, ื”ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืจื—ื•ืง, ื”ื•ื ืคื’ื ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืืœื”, ืืฉืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื˜; ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช ื•ื™ืชืจ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžื™ืค ื•ื™ ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืžืœื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ืง - ืœืกืคืง ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื–ืžื™ื ื” ืœืžื™ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš. ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2016 ื‘ื“ืง ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ, ื•ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื• ืคื’ ืื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืกืจ, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื•ืกืจื• ื’ื ืฉืžื•ืช 15 ื’ื•ืคื™ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ื›ื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื—ืงืœืื™ื™ื. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ 20 ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืืฉืจ ืžืชืคืจืกื ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืื™ื ื• ืžืขื•ื“ื›ืŸ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืœื. ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืชื•ืื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื”ื™ื• ืืžื™ื ื™ื ื•ืขื“ื›ื ื™ื™ื. ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืฉื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื›ืฉืœื• ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื ืงื˜ื• ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช, ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื—ื•ืง ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ื•ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ืœื ื–ื›ื” ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ. ืžื›ืœ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื“ืช ื”ื•ื ืื›ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœืฉืืช ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืง ื–ื”.
2. ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื ื•ื”ื’ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืจื•ืื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืžืกื™ื›ื•ื ืžืžืฆืื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื•ืื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2016 ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืงื‘ื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื—ืงืœืื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2016-2011 ืขืœื” ื›ื™ 16 ืž-22 ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื’ื‘ื• ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื ื™ื ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืœืื—ืจ ืคื˜ื™ืจื” ืื• ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืงื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืชืขืจื™ืฃ ื”ืžื•ืชืจ, ื•ื›ื™ ืชืฉืข ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืขื•ื“ืฃ ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ื ืงื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจื•ืื™ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ. ืืฉืจ ืœืฉื‘ืข ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ื”ืขื•ื“ืฃ, ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืขื™ื›ื‘ ืืช ื“ืžื™ ืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืฉื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืฉืœื ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืืœื”. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืืคื•ื ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื›ืš ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื”ืขืœืžื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื—ืงืœืื™ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ื—ืœืงื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืžื•ืคืงืขื™ื ืื• ืฉืœื ื›ื“ื™ืŸ, ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช. ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ืš ืขืœ ืจืž"ื™ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืžืขืงื‘ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช . ื”ืงืžืช ื‘ืชื™ ืžืœื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ - ื—ืกืžื™ื ื•ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ ืืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืงืžืช "ืžืชื—ืžื™ ืžืœื•ื ืื•ืช" ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืฉืชืขืœื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื–ื•. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื• ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื ืœืกื›ื ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืืช ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืกืžื›ืช ืฉื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”, ืœ ืขืจื™ื›ืช ืกืงืจ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืงืจืงืขื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ืขื•ื“ืŸ ืžืœื•ื ืื•ืช ื•ืœืื›ื™ืคืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืŸ ืื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ื–ืืช. ืžื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืคืจืง ื–ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉื—ืœืคื• ื›ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื– ืคืจืกื•ื ื“ื•ื— ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ื•ื–ืœืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื ื•ืคืฉ ื•ืžื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืœื›ืš, ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืขืกืงื” ื”ื• ื•ืขื“ื” - ืฉืœื—ืœืงื ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ื ื™ื›ืจื™ื ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช - ื—ืœื” ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื—ืœืงื™ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืฆื•ื™ื ื• ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2012 , ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ื• ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2012 ืœื‘ืฆืข ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืžื˜ืจืชืŸ ืœื”ื•ื–ื™ืœ ืืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื ื•ืคืฉ ื•ืœื ืกื™ื™ืžื• ืืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขืŸ ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ. ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืœื•ืŸ ืขืœืชื” ื›ื—ืกื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ืžืขื›ื‘ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ื‘ืชื™ ืžืœื•ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื•ืจื ืœืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื ื•ืคืฉ ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื’ื•ืจื ืœืื™-ื›ื ื™ืกืช ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืœืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืœื•ื ืื•ืช, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื—ืฉืฉ ืžื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื”ื—ื–ืจ ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื ืžื•ืš. ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ื•ื–ืœืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื ื•ืคืฉ ืงื‘ืขื” ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืชืฉื•ืื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื”ืŸ ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืฉืคืขื™ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืคื—ืชื” ื–ื• ืชื‘ื•ืฆืข ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื™ื ืชื‘ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืงืฆืจ ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื”ื™ืฆืข ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš ืœื™ืจื™ื“ืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื ืฃ. ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืื™ืžืฆื” ืืช ืขื™ืงืจื™ ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื•ืงื‘ืขื” ืืช ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขืŸ. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื™ืชืจ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืœื ื“ื™ื—ื•ื™ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžืฉื ืช 2012 ื•ืœื”ืฉืœืžืช ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื. ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื” ื ื—ื•ืฆื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืฆืžืฆื ื›ื›ืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจ ืืช ื”ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ื”ืขื•ื“ืคืช ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ืงืžื” ื•ื”ื”ืคืขืœื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืœื•ืŸ, ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื™ื–ืžื™ื ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืœื•ื ืื•ืช, ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื™ืฆืข ื—ื“ืจื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืœื•ืŸ ื•ื™ื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ื•ืจื“ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืขื ืฃ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืกืขื™ืคื™ื ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืคื—ืชืช ื”ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ืžืœื•ื ืื•ืช ืžื™ื“ ืœืื—ืจ ืงื‘ืœืชื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2012 , ื•ื›ื™ ืžืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื’ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืœื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืžืื™ 2013 , ืœื ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื–ื• ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื”ืงื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืขื“ ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2016 ืœื ื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื”ืชื‘ืงืฉื• ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœื•ืช ื”ืืจื ื•ื ื”.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืขื•ืžืง ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืชืŸ ืจืฉืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืื• ื—ืœื•ืคื” ืื—ืจืช ืขืœื” ื’ื ืžื“ื•ื— ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืงื•ื“ื ื•ืžื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืฉื ืช 2012 . ื”ืขื ืงืช ืขืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืืฉืจืื™ ื”ื™ื ื“ืจืš ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœืชืžืจืฅ ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ืงืžืช ื‘ืชื™ ืžืœื•ืŸ ื•ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ื. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื ืžืชืŸ ืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื• ืจืฉืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืžืขื ื” ืœื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ืืฉืจืื™ ื›ื—ืกื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ืžืื–ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื™ื•ื 31.15.2015 - ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื™ื ืข_ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” - ืื’ืฃ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ .ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื› -51% ืžื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืฉื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ืžืื–ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืฉื ืช 5201 ืื™ื ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื24 , ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื ืชื•ื ื™ื”ืŸ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ืœืง ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื ื›ืœืœื• ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช - ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืงื•ื™ ื•ื—ืกืจ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืงืฃ ื›ื™ืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื•ืช. ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื (ืฉื”ื 24% ืžืกืš ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืžืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ืื’ืฃ ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ) ื”ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ื›-128 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื— ื”ื ืกื›ื•ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื•ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ืœืงื•ืจืื™ ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืื’ืฃ ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ื›ื™ ืื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืฉืœื ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ืื™ืช ืื—ื™ื“ื” ืœืคื™ ืชืงืŸ 6 ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ืœืชืช ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ืื™ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ืœืคืจื˜ ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ืืœื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืชืช ืœืงื•ืจืื™ ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืžื™ื“ืข ื›ืกืคื™ ืžืœื ื•ืžื”ื™ืžืŸ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ื•ืฉื ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ื 1.1.18 , ืขืœ ืื’ืฃ ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ืœื”ื™ืขืจืš ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืขื ื”ื“ื•ื— ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ืขืจื•ื›ื™ื ืœืคื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ืื™ืช ืื—ื™ื“ื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืžื•ืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื ื—ื” ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืขืจืš ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ. .ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืกืคืง ืชืžื•ื ื” ืจื—ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื”, ืขืœ ื ื›ืกื™ื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”, ื•ื”ื ื”ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ืžืืคืฉืจ ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื ืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ื”ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื” ื‘ื”ืŸ. ืžื˜ืจืช ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื™ื ืœืกืคืง ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืงืฆืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื, ื•ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื•ืฉืืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ( accountability ) ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืคืงื“ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื”. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืืœื• ืขืœ ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืœืื™ื, ืžื”ื™ืžื ื™ื ื•ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื. ืžืžืฆืื™ ื“ื•ื— ื–ื” ืžืขืœื™ื ื›ื™ ื› -51% ืžื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฉ ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืฉื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ืžืื–ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืฉื ืช 2015 ืื™ื ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืœื ื ื›ืœืœื• ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช. ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ืœื“ื•ื—, ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืœืงื•ื™ ื•ื—ืกืจ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืงืฃ ื›ื™ืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืœืฉื ืช 2015 . ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืื™ -ืื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืฆื’ืช ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ืขืœ ืื’ืฃ ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืชื‘ืกืกื™ื ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื™ืชืจ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื”ื—ืกืจื™ื, ืื ื™ืชื‘ืจืจ ื›ื™ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ื”ื ืฉืœื™ื˜ื”. ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื›ืš ืฉื›ืœืœ ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—ื–ืงื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ืœืชืืจื™ืš ื”ืžืื–ืŸ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืกื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื” ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ื. .ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉื—ืœืคื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž -13 ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื– ื”ื•ื’ืฉ ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื, ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื˜ืจื ืคืขืœื• ืœืงื“ื ื”ืกื“ืจื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ื. ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื•ื”ื ื”ืœืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืกื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื” ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื“ืจื” ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื™ื›ืœื•ืœ ื›ืœื™ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื› ืœืœ ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืžื—ื–ื™ืงื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื. ืขืœ ืื’ืฃ ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ืชื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ืœืฉื ืช ื”ื“ื•ื— ืžืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื”ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืฉื™ื™ืฉื ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ืื™ ื”ืจืืฉื™.
ืขืœ ืื’ืฃ ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืชืจ ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืจืฉื•ืชื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื›ืœืœื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื™ื–ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ื—ืงื™ืงื” ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื“ื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืขื“.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” . ื”ืชืงืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ - ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ื”ื›ื™ื ื” ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” - ืืชืจ ืื—ื•ื“, ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขื ืŸ ื•ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื”ืืฆื” - ื”ื™ื ืœื ืงื‘ืขื” ืœื›ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื ืช ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืฉืœื•, ืœื ื”ื›ื™ื ื” ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ - ืฉื ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื, ื•ืืฃ ืœื ื ื™ื”ืœื” ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื37 .ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ื™ื™ื–ื•ื ืฉื›ืชื‘ื” ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืœื›ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” - ืžื˜ืจื•ืช, ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืจื‘-ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื, ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ื ื›ื•ืœืœืช, ื”ืขืจื›ืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื - ืฉื™ืฉืงืคื• ืืช ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืขื“ื™ื•. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ืืช ืขืžื™ื“ืชื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ, ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืฆืžืฆื•ืžื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ื™ื•ื ื™ 2015 ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื”ืงืžืช ืืชืจ ืื—ื•ื“, ื”ืงืžืช ื”ืขื ืŸ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื•ื”ืงืžืช ืจืฉืช ืคื ื™ื-ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช , ืฉื”ื ื›ื•ืœื ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืจื‘-ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื - ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2016, ืœื ื”ื›ื™ื ื” ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ื‘ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืช ื•ืจื‘-ืฉื ืชื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜, ื•ืืฃ ืœื ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื ืชื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื›ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื•ื ืข ืžืžื ื” ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื•, ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ืกื“ืจ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื• ืืช ื”ืชืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ ื ื™ื”ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื›ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืฉื ืช 2016 ื ื›ืœืœื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื”ืงืžืช ืืชืจ ืื—ื•ื“: ื”ืฉืงืช ื”ืืชืจ, ื”ืกื‘ืช 30 ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ื ื•ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ 11 ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื. ืœื ื ื›ืœืœ ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืืœื”, ืืฃ ืฉื›ืœ ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื›ื–ืืช ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืชืชื™- ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืจื‘-ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื, ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื• ืขืชื™ืจื™ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื, ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื–ืขืจื™ ืžืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ืœื ืžืฉืงืคื•ืช ืืช ืœื•ื— ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœื”ืงืžืช ื›ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื•ืœื”ืคืขืœืชื•, ื•ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื”ืงืžืชื•. ื”ื™ืขื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช ืœื›ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืฉื‘ื” ื™ื•ื’ื“ืจื• ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื• ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ืชืœื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ, ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฆื’ืช ืœื•ื—ื• ืช ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ืฉื™ืžื™ื, ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจื•ืช "ืฆื•ื•ืืจื™ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืง" ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื•ืืฃ ืœื—ืจื™ื’ื” ืžืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ื‘ ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืจื‘-ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื•ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืืชืจ ืื—ื•ื“ ื•ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื”ืืฆื” ื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ื‘ ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืงื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื“: 1. ืœื’ื‘ื™ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืืชืจ ืื—ื•ื“ ื‘ื•ืฆืข ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ืœืฉื ื™ื 2016-2015 ,ื‘ืœื‘ื“ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2016 ,ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ืงืžื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ื”ืขืœืชื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื›ื™ ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื›ืœืœ ืจืง ืืช ืกืš ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœืชื—ื•ื ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื•ืœืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช, ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ืžืกืชื›ืžื•ืช ื‘ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉ"ื—. ื‘ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ืœื ืคื•ืจื˜ื• ื”ื”ืงืฆืื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืืœื” ื•ืืฃ ืœื ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื•ื”ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ืช. 2. ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื”ืืฆื” ื›ืœืœ ืจืง ืืช ืกืš ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœืชื—ื•ื ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื•ืœืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจื›ืฉ , ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ืžืกืชื›ืžื•ืช ื‘ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉ"ื—. ื‘ืื•ืžื“ืŸ ืœื ืคื•ืจื˜ื• ื”ื”ืงืฆืื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืืœื”. ืขื•ื“ ื”ืขืœืชื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืœืขื•ืžืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื: ื”ืขื ืŸ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื•ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื”ืืฆื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ื‘, ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื” ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื ื”ืœืช ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืชื—ื–ื•ืงื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ืœืจื›ื– ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ื–ืืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื”ืจื‘-ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช, ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืืชืจ ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ื”ืืคืฉืจื™, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืกื•ืš ื‘ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืžืชืงื ื•ืช. ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ื”ืœ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžื•ื‘ื ื” ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ืŸ, ื›ืžื• ื”ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืฉื™ ื™ื‘ื“ืง, ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื•, ื•ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื•ืก ืฉืœื• (ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช). ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืชืขื“ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืœืชืขื“ ืืช ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื• ืฉืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื™ื•ืฉืงืขื• ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื”ืจืื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืœื™ื•ื•ื™. ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ื“ืจืฉื” ืžืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ืฉืœื—ื• ืœื” ืืช ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื”ื, ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืืœื™ื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืœื ื“ืจืฉื” ืž -25 ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืชื” ืืช ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื”ื.
.ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ื‘ ื›ื™ ื’ื ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ืœื ืžื•ื ื” ืžื ืž"ืจ ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืชืงืฉื•ื‘. ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืฉื”ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื™ ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืืœื™ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชืงื‘ืœ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžืœืื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ื‘ ืœื‘ืจืจ ืื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžื” ื”ื™ื• ืžืกืงื ื•ืชื™ื•.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ . ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื•ืœืชื” ืฉืœ ืœืฉื›ืช ืฉืจืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื ืฉ"ื ืœื ื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจื” ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื ื”ืœ ืชื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ืจืง ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื•ื"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ . .ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื“ืจืš ืคืขื•ืœืชื” ืฉืœ ืœืฉื›ืช ืฉืจืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืขืœื• ืฉื ื™ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื•ืœื—ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื. ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ื"ืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื›ื–ื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื“ื•ื"ืœ ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืชืขื“ ืืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ื’ื ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™, ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช. ืขืœ ื’ื ื– ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื ืฉ"ื, ื”ืื—ืจืื™ื ืœื”ืกื“ืจ ืช ื ื•ืฉื ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” , ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื“ื•ื"ืœ ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื“ื•ื"ืœ ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื•ืœื ื‘ื“ื•ื"ืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื”ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืง ื•ืช ื’ืœืื™ ืฉืงืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื–ืžืชื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื›ืช ืฉืจ ืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ื‘ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืืžื•ืŸ, ื‘ืœื™ ืฉ ื”ืฉืจื” ื ืงื˜ื” ืขืžื“ื” ื ื—ืจืฆืช ื“ื™ื™ื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื ื™ื ืื•ืชื ืžืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช. ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช - ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื•ืขืž"ืฉ ื•ื ืฆื™ื‘ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื—ื“ื“ื• ืืช ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื , ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ื–ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืœืคื•ืช ื•ืฉืœ ืžืฉื‘ืจื™ ืืžื•ืŸ. ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช, ืฉื”ื ื‘ื—ืœืงื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื, ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ืชืœื•ืช ื™ืชืจื” ื‘ืชืงื™ื ื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื”ื ืขื ื”ืฉืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืขืกืงืชื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ืฆืขื• ื‘ื“ื™ืง ืช ื’ืœืื™ ืฉืงืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื–ืžืชื, ืขืงื‘ ืจืฆื•ื ื ืœืจืฆื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉืจื” ื•ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืœื” ื›ื™ ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื”ื“ืœืคื” ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื”ื. ื‘ื›ืš ื”ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืงืœืข ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื ืžื•ื•ืชืจื™ื, ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืžื‘ื—ื™ืจืชื , ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ืชื ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืœืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช. ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืž"ืฉ ืื™ื ื” ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื’ืœืื™ ืฉืงืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื–ืžืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืœื ื ืžืฆื ืœื™ืงื•ื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืคืขื•ืœืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจื” ื•ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื ื•ื›ื— ืžืขืžื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืืžื•ืŸ ื•ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขืกืงืชื, ื›ืžืชื•ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืขื•ืฉื” ื”ืฉืจื” ื ื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื ื•ืงื˜ืช ืขืžื“ื” ื ื—ืจืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื ื™ื ืืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืœืฉื›ืชื” ืžื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื’ืœืื™ ืฉืงืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื–ืžืชื. ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืจืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจื” ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืฆืืช ื‘ื“ื™ืง ื” ื›ื–ืืช, ื’ื ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื›ื™ ืื—ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ืืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื•ื ืžืฆืื” ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ืืžืช, ื”ื‘ื™ืื” ื—ืœืง ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื›ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคื™ืก ืืช ื“ืขืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจื” ื•ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืœื” ื›ื™ ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื”ื“ืœืคื” ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื”ื - ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื’ืœืื™ ืฉืงืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช. ื ื•ื›ื— ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ืœืขื™ืœ ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช - ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื•ืขืž"ืฉ ื•ื ืฆื™ื‘ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื—ื“ื“ื• ืืช ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื’ืœืื™ ืฉืงืจ, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ื–ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืœืคื•ืช ื•ืฉืœ ืžืฉื‘ืจื™ ืืžื•ืŸ. ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื“ืœืคื•ืช ืžืœืฉื›ืช ื”ืฉืจื” ื•ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ืฉืคืงื“ ืืช ื”ืœืฉื›ื” ื‘ื™ืฆืขื• ืืคื•ื 4 ืž-13 ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืœืฉื›ืช ื”ืฉืจื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื’ืœืื™ ืฉืงืจ ืขืœ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ืœืฉืจื”. ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื“ื•ื"ืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ ืคื•ื’ืข ืœื ืจืง ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื•, ืืœื ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื’ื ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืชืขื“ ืืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”ื, ืœืฉืงืฃ ืื•ืชืŸ, ืœืฉืžืจ ืืช ืจืฉื•ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืงืจื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ืขืœ ืคืขื•ืœืชื™ื”ื. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืคื•ื’ืข ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื›ื–ื” ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืœืžืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื”ื›ืœืœื™, ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื.
ืขืœ ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืœ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื“ื•ื"ืœ ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื•ืกืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื“ื•ื"ืœ ืคืจื˜ื™ ืœ ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
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ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืœืžื™ื ื•ืœื‘ื™ื•ื‘ . ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”, ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ ื•ืจืฆื•ืขืช ืขื–ื” - ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” - ืžื˜ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช . ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืžืื– ื”ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืฉื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ืชื•ื•ื“ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืœื ื•ืฉื, ืคืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื• ื”ืฉืจ ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ื™ืฅ, ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื—ืฉืžืœ ืœืžื˜"ืฉ ื‘ืขื–ื”. ื•ืื•ืœื, ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื” ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื, ืฉื‘ืžื”ืœื›ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœืงื“ื ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืชืงืŸ ืœื—ืฉืžืœ ื•ืœื–ืจื– ืืช ื”ืคืขืœืชื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืœืงื—ื™ื ืžืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื™ืงื‘ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืื• ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. .ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื, ืœืžื ื”ื"ื–, ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื’"ืก ื•ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ืขืงืจ ืžืฉื ื™ ืฆื“ื™ ื”ืงื• ื”ื™ืจื•ืง, ื•ืœื ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฆื“ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฆื“ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืื™ื ื• ื ื•ืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื ืžื™ ืชื”ื•ื ื•ืœื ื–ืงื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•"ืฉ, ื•ืžืขืœื” ื‘ืž ื™ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืืช ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ืขืงืจ, ืฉื‘ื• ื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื, ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™, ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ื’ืจืžื ื™ ื•ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื•ืืฃ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช, ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื™ื–ืžึผื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื•ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื. ืขื“ ืฉื™ื™ืžืฆื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื›ื•ืœืœ, ืขืœ ื”ืžื ื”ื"ื– ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจ ื•ืื’ื‘ ื”ื™ื•ื•ืขืฆื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข, ืžืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืžืจื˜"ื’. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืงื“ื ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื. ืžื•ืฆืข ื›ื™ ืžืชืค"ืฉ ื•ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืขืœื• ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืœื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื• ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืœื›ืฉืชืชื›ื ืก ืื• ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ืžืฉื ื” ืฉืœื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืชื™ืื•ื ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื115 . .ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืงื•ืœื—ื™ ื”ืžื˜"ืฉ ืœืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ืฉื™ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ืœื”ืฉืงื™ื” ื—ืงืœืื™ืช ื”ื•ื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™, ื”ืžืืคืฉืจ ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ืคืกืงืช ื–ืจื™ืžืช ื”ืงื•ืœื—ื™ื ื‘ื ื—ืœ ื•ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื ืœื’ื™ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื™ื. ืžื›ืืŸ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืชืžื—ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžื•ืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื, ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ืืœื” ื”ื•ืจื—ืงื• ืžืขื™ืกื•ืง ื‘ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ืช, ื•ืžืฉื›ืš ื”ื ืื™ื ื ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ืจืฉ"ืค ืžื•ืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉื ื•ืฉื ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื‘ืจืฉ"ืค ื ืžืฆื ืขืœ ืกื“ืจ ื™ื•ืžื ืฉืœ ื›ื ืกื™ ื”ืชื•ืจืžื•ืช, ื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืœื›ื ืกื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ืจืืฉื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืœื ื ื™ืฆืœื” ืžืคื’ืฉื™ื ืืœื” ื”ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื” ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืžื ื™ืขืช ื–ื™ื”ื•ืžื™ ืžื™ื ืžืฉื˜ื—ื™ ื™ื•"ืฉ ื•ืจืฆื•ืขืช ืขื–ื”.
.ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื’"ืก ืื’ืฃ ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื, ื›ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืคื’ืขื™ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ืžื™ื•"ืฉ ื•ืžืจืฆื•ืขืช ืขื–ื” ืžื•ืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ . ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ ื ื•ืขืจ ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืข ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื—ื ื™ื›ื™ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช, ืืš ืืœื• ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืชื•ื›ื ืŸ ื•ืœืœื ืจืื™ื™ื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ืช ืื•ืคืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืœืžืขืจืš ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ื“ืข ืœื”ื ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื•ืขืœื™ื• ืœืœื•ื•ืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื–ื• ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืžืชืื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืงืฆื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ืกื“ืจ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืœื•ื— ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื”. .ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžืœื‘ื“ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืจืฃ, ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ื ื• ืื•ืกืฃ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•"ืก ื‘ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœื™ืœื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื”; ืžืฆื‘ื ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื ืฉืจื• ืžืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ืš; ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื’ื™ื•ืก ื—ื ื™ื›ื™ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืœืฆื”"ืœ; ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœืชืขื•ื“ืช ื‘ื’ืจื•ืช ืœืคื™ ื—ืœื•ืงื” ืœืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช; ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื ื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืคืขืจ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื ื™ื›ืจ ื•ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืฉืงืขื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืคืขืจ ื–ื”; ื•ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”. ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœืžื” ื•ืจืฆื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื—ื ื™ื›ื™ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช, ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืคืจื˜ื ื™ ื‘ื”ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืงื™ื“ื•ืžื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื›ื™ ืœืœื ืžืกื“ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉื›ืœืช ื•ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ื‘ื—ื ื™ื›ื™ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื–ื•, ืœืœื ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื’ื ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืืชืจ ื—ืกืžื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ืงื‘ืขื•. ืžืŸ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ืžืขืจืš ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ื•ื›ื” ื•ืžื’ื‘ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช, ืืš ืืœื• ืื™ื ืŸ ืžืชื•ืจื’ืžื•ืช ืœืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืคืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืœื ื ื™ืชื— ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื ื™ืš ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืžืฉืคื—ืชื•, ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ืœื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ืืœื•. ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื—ืกืจ ื™ื“ืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืงื‘ืข. ืื™ -ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืขื’ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืขื•ืœื™ื ืžื”ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฆื’ื• ืœืขื™ืœ. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ืขืจืš ืžื—ืงืจื™ ืขื•ืžืง ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื ื™ื›ื™ ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืฆื™ื™ื ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ืืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื•ืœื‘ืฆืข ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžืฆื‘ืŸ - ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื—ื ื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื—ื–ืจื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืชื•ื›ื ืŸ ืœืงื”ื™ืœื”, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื ืฉืจื• ืžื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื”.
ืื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืœืง ืขืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ืฉืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืชืจื•ืžืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื”ืŸ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืชืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื’ื ืืช ืžืฆื‘ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื”. ืื ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ืืคืฉืจื™, ืกื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืœื™ื–ื•ื ื•ืœืืจื’ืŸ ืžื—ืงืจ ื“ื•ืžื” ืฉื™ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื™ืœื“ ื•ื ื•ืขืจ ื•ื™ืžืคื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื ื—ื•ืฅ ืœื• ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื•.
658
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ . ืžืขื’ืœื™ื - ื”ืงืจืŸ ืœืžืขืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ืฉื•ื—ืงื™ื - ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ืกื“ืจื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืืžื ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ืžื”ืงืจืŸ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ืงื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื”, ืื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื•ื“ืง ืื•ืชื ืจืง ื‘ืืงืจืื™ , ืœืœื ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืื• ืชื›ื ื™ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืงืจืŸ ืœืงื•ื™ื™ื. .ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื ืื™ ื”ื”ืกื›ื , ื”ืงืจืŸ ื–ื›ืื™ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื’ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ืฆ ืื•ืชื™ื” ืœืชืคืขื•ืœ ืงื•ืจืกื™ื, ื•ืืœื” ื ื’ื–ืจื•ืช ืžืขืœื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืจืกื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2015 ืื•ืฉืจ ืœืงืจืŸ ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ืขื“ ื› -5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืชืคืขื•ืœ ืงื•ืจืกื™ื . ื”ืกื›ื•ื ื ื’ื–ืจ ืžืขืœื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืจืกื™ื ืฉืชื›ื ื ื” ื”ืงืจืŸ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืฉื ื” - ื›-70 .ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื” ื”ืงืจืŸ ืžืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืงื•ืจืกื™ื ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื› -31 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืืš ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื“ื•ื— ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื—ืฆื™ ืฉื ืชื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืขืœ ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื ื™ื›ืจ ื–ื” ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืงื•ืจืกื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืฉื ื”. ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื›ื–ื”, ื”ื™ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืคื—ืชืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืกื›ื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉืœื ืœืงืจืŸ. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉื™ืœื ืœืงืจืŸ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื ืช 2015 ื›-4.7 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—. ืžืกื™ื›ื•ื ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืืฉืจ ื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื ืช 2016 ,ื•ื‘ื• ื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืื’ืฃ ื”ื—ืฉื›"ืœ, ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืœื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืชืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื ื™ื, ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืงืจืŸ ืœื ืžืกืจื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืฉื•ื˜ืคื™ื ื•ืœื ืขื“ื›ื ื” ืื•ืชื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื”ืคื—ืชื” ืฉืœ ืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ืงืจืŸ ื‘-50%; ืขืงื‘ ื›ืš ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื”ืงืจืŸ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื•ื“ืฃ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืชืคืขื•ืœ ื”ืงื•ืจืกื™ื. ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื™ืงืฉื• ืžื”ืงืจืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืืฉืจ ืฉื•ืœืžื• ื‘ื™ืชืจ, ื•ื‘ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื˜ืขื ื” ื”ืงืจืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืจื’ ืžื”ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ืกื›ื. ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื—ื•ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืงืจืŸ ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื›ืกืคื™ื ืืœื”. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืœื ื ื—ืชื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืกื›ื ืฉื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื. ื’ื ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืงืจืŸ ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ ื›ืœืคื™ ื”ื”ืชืื—ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืืœื”. ืขื•ื“ ืขืœื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื›ื™ ื”ืงืจืŸ ืืฃ ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืจื ืฉื™ืœืžื” ืœื”ืชืื—ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืืœื•. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื‘ื”ื•ื“ืขืช ื“ื•ืืจ ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืฉืฉืœื—ื” ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืงืจืŸ ืœืขื•ื–ืจืช ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืงืจืŸ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2016 ื”ื™ื ืฆื™ื™ื ื”: "ืื™ื ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœืืฉืจ ื“ืจื™ืฉืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉื ื™ื ืื—ื•ืจื” ื›ืืฉืจ ืืช ืœื ืžืฆืจืคืช ื”ื–ืžื ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”/ ื”ืกื›ื/ืื™ืฉื•ืจ... ืžืฆื“ ื”ืงืจืŸ ืื• ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืจื›ืฉ ืฉืœื” ืื• ื”ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืฉืœื”... ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœื ืขื ืฆื“ ืงืฉื•ืจ... ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื–ืืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื—ื‘ืจื” ืืžื•ืจื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืกื™ืคื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื›ืœ ืขืกืงื” ืขื ืฆื“ ืงืฉื•ืจ". ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืงืจืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ, ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืื•ืคื™ื™ื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™, ืขืœื™ื” ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื›ื™ ืชืคืขืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืกื•ื“ืจ ื•ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืžื™ืจื‘ื™ืช - ื–ืืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžื‘ื”ื™ืจื™ื ื•ืžืกื“ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื’ื™ื ื ื•ืืช ืชื ืื™ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช, ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื›ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ืชืื’ื™ื“ ืงืฉื•ืจ. ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื”ืงืจืŸ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื’ื ืชืืคืฉืจ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ื’ื ืชืžื ืข ืื™-ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ืฉืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื’ืจื ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ืกื›ื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืœืžืจื•ืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื ื•ืงื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื’ื ืฉื™ื–ืžื” ื”ืงืจืŸ ืขืฆืžื”, ืœื ื“ื ื• ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืžืœื•ื•ื™ื ืืช ื”ืงืจืŸ ื•ื”ืžืคืงื—ื™ื ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช - ื”ืืกื™ืคื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื•ื™ - ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ื ืœื ื ื™ืชื—ื• ืืช ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืกืงืจ, ืœื ื”ืคื™ืงื• ืœืงื—ื™ื ื•ืœื ื‘ื—ื ื• ืื ืชื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื• ืžืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืชื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื”. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ืงืจืŸ ืื™ื ื” ื‘ื•ื—ื ืช ืืช ื”ืชืืžืชื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืœืงื•ืจืก ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ (ืœืžืขื˜ ืชื ืื™ ืกืฃ ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื) ื•ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืชื›ื ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ืงื•ืจืก ื™ืืคืฉืจ ืืช ืฉื“ืจื•ื’ื• ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™. ื•ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืขืœื” ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืงืจืŸ ืฉื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื™ืฆืื• ื™ื—ื“ื™ื• ื›ืžื” ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื• ืฉืœ ืžืขืกื™ืง ืœืื•ืชื ื”ืงื•ืจืกื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง . ื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืงืจืŸ ืœื ื‘ื“ืงื” ืืช ื”ื”ืชืืžื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืงื•ืจืก ืœืžืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ื•, ืขื•ืœื” ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื—ืจื• ื‘ืื•ืชื ื”ืงื•ืจืกื™ื ื•ื” ื”ื›ืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืขืฉืจื” ื•ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืคื ืื™.
ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืœื ื”ืชื›ื ืกื” ื‘ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืฆื™ ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ืžืื– ืจืืฉื™ืช 2014 ., ื•ืœื ื“ื ื” ื‘ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ืžื™ืžื•ืฉื• ืฉืœ ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ื”ืžื’ืฉืจืช ื‘ื—ืœื•ืฃ ื› ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืžืื– ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ืกื›ื , ืขืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื’ื•ืฃ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™, ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืื™ -ื”ื•ืฆืืชื• ืœืคื•ืขืœ ืฉืœ ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื”ืคื ืกื™ื” ื”ืžื’ืฉืจืช, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœื ืชื— ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉื™ื ืœืžืกืœื•ืœ, ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืขืœื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืกืžื™ื ื”ืžืขื›ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืžื™ืžื•ืฉื•. ืขืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืœื”ืกื™ืง ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื–ื• ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืื.
659
ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ื . ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืฆื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื• ืชืงื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ื•ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืช ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืคื•ื˜ืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืขืกื™ืง ืžื—ื•ื‘ืช ื–ืงื™ืคืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘, ืืœื ื›ืืฉืจ ื›ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืœืœื™ืœื” ื•ื—ื•ื ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ื“-ืคืขืžื™ ืืงืจืื™ ื•ืœื ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ ื•ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื• ื‘ืกื•ืคื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืข. ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ืจืืฉ ืžื—ืœืงืช ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื’ืžืœืื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื–ืงื™ืคืช ืžืก ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืœื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉ, ืื™ืŸ ืชื™ืžื•ื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ, ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ืœืœื ืกืžื›ื•ืช. ื”ืกืžืคื›"ืœ ื”ืชื™ืจ ื”ืฆืžื“ืช ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ืœืงืฆื™ื ื™ ืชื—ื ื” ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื•ืื•ืœื ืžื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื“ ื‘ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื”ืงืฆื• ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ืฉื™ื•ืขื“ื• ื‘ืชืงืŸ ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื›ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ืฆืžื•ื“ื™ื ืœืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœื”ืฆืžื™ื“ ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ืœืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ืกื“ืจ ื‘ืชืงืŸ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืขืœ ื”ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื” ื•ื‘ืคืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื˜ื"ืจ, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืงื‘ืœืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืฉืจ ืœื‘ื˜"ืค ืœื”ืฆืžื“ืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘. .ืฉื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ .ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœื™ .ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ืชืงืŸ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ืฉืœ .ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฆืžื“ื• .ืœื”ื ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ืžื—ื•ืฅ .ืœืชืงืŸ (ื‘ื“ืจื’ืช ืจื‘- .ืคืงื“ ื•ืžื˜ื”) ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื .ืฉื”ื•ืฆืžื“ื• ืœื”ื ื›ืœื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื›ืจื™ื– ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ื–ื•ื›ื™ื, ืจื›ืฉื” ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืžืื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ืžื–ื•ื›ื” ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื›ืจื–ื•. ืืฃ ืฉืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืขืœ ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžืื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ืžื–ื•ื›ื” ืื—ื“ ื™ืฉ ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื•ืช ื ื™ื›ืจื•ืช, ื•ืืฃ ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื›ื–ืืช ืžื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืขื ื”ืกืคืง ืฉืžืžื ื• ื ืจื›ืฉ ื“ื’ื ื–ื” - ืœื ืคืขืœื” ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืจืื•ื™ื” ื•ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžื” ื”ืœื™ืš ืกื“ื•ืจ ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื” ื“ื’ื ืฉื™ืจื›ืฉ. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืžื›ืจื™ื– ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืขืœ ื›ืžื” ื–ื•ื›ื™ื, ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืชื‘ื—ืจ ืืช ื”ืกืคืง ืฉืžืžื ื• ืชืจื›ื•ืฉ ืืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฆื•ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืกื“ื•ืจ, ืฉืงื•ืฃ ื•ืชืงื™ืŸ. .ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืžืฉื ืช 2012 ืขื“ ืžืจืฅ2016 ืจื›ืฉื” ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”610 ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›-73 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ืžื”ื“ื’ื ืฉื–ื›ื” ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื“ื•ืจื’ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ (ืœื”ืœืŸ - ื“ื’ื 4 ); ืื•ืœื ืœื ื ืžืฆื ืฉื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืขืœ ืจื›ื™ืฉืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืžื“ื’ื4 ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ืœืื—ืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืกื“ื•ืจื” ื•ืขืœ ื™ืกื•ื“ ื˜ืขืžื™ื ืืฉืจ ืžืคืจื˜ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื‘ื“ื’ื ืฉื“ื•ืจื’ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื›ื™ ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืžืื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืœ ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉ"ื— ืžื–ื•ื›ื” ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืžื” ื–ื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื›ืจื–, ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ื”ืชื‘ืกืกื” ืขืœ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืชื™ ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื”, ืื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ.
660
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš . ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืขืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืงื™ื™ื ื˜ืฉื˜ื•ืฉ ื‘ื  ื•ื’ืข ืœื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืคืงื—ื™ื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื, ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืืฉืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืžืคืงื— ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืœืžืœื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื›ืš, ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ื ืืœืฅ ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืžื•ืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ืœืชืžืจืŸ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืœื• ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ืื—ืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืชืช ืœื• ืžืขื ื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืก. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ืžืคืงื— ื™ืžืœื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื›ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืœืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ, ืขื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื ื”ืœื™ ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืืช ืžืžืฉืงื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื’ื ืœืกืคืง ืœืžืคืงื— ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืชืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืขืœื” ืœืคื ื™ื• ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื•ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืคื“ื’ื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื˜ืคื•ืช. ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ, ื•ื›ืŸ ืขื•ืžืก ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืžืคืงื—ื™ื ื”ืžืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืคื™ืงื•ื—, ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื‘ืกื™ืก ืื—ื™ื“ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื•ืœืชื™ืขื•ื“ื”, ื–ืืช ืœืฆื“ ื”ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ืฉืœื”ื ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื”ืžืคืงื—ื™ื. ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ืคื“ื’ื•ื’ื™ , ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืžืฆื•ืช ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืงืฆื• ืœื• ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ื™ื, ืขืœื™ื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉื™ื’ื‘ืฉ ืืช ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืคืงื—ื™ื ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœืคืจื˜ ืืช ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง, ืืช ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื•ืืช ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช. ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืื™ื ื” ืกื•ืชืจืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืœื‘ื“ ืžื”ืžื—ื•ื–, ืžื ื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืคืงื— ื›ืžื” ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ืžื˜ื”, ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื™ืžื ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืื—ื“ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจืื™ ืœืจื™ื›ื•ื– ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ืจื’ื™ ื”ืžื˜ื” ืžื”ืžืคืงื—ื™ื ื•ืœืชื™ืขื“ื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืžื ื•ืฆืœ ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื›ื™ ื’ื ืื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื—ืœืง ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืคืงื—, ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืฉื™ื™ืžืฆื ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉืœื”ื ืื—ืจืื™ ื”ืžืคืงื—. ื‘ื“ ื‘ื‘ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื’ืช ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื™ืžืงื“ ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืคืงื— ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื‘ื”ื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื•ืคื“ื’ื•ื’ื™ืช ื•ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืื ื‘ ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืชื™ื• ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืขืฉื•ืช ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืขื–ืจ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ืื• ื›ืœื™ื ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื™ื. ื’ื™ืฉืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ืœืคื™ื” ื”ืžืคืงื— ื”ื•ื ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื ื•ืฉื ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืชืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ "ืชืคืกืช ืžืจื•ื‘ื” ืœื ืชืคืกืช". ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ืคื“ื’ื•ื’ื™, ืœืืคื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ืœืžืฉืจืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืคืงื—ื™ื. ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืืคื™ื•ืŸ ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื›ืžื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉืžืคืงื— ืื—ื“ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจืื™ ืœื”ื. ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžืคืชื— ืชืงื™ื ื” ืžื•ืฉื›ืœ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžืขืจืš ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžืคืชื— ืชืงื™ื ื” ืœื”ืงืฆืืช ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืคื™ืงื•ื—).
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื›ื™ ืžืคืชื— ืชืงื™ื ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœืฉืงืฃ ืืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื•ืช, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืกืคื• ืœืžืคืงื— ืื• ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ืžืื– ืงื‘ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืืช ืžืคืชื— ื”ืชืงื™ื ื” ื—ืœืคื• ื›ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืฉื ื™ื, ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื—ืœื• ืชืžื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืคืงื—. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืคืชื— ื”ืงื™ื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื›ื™ ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืคืงื— ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื™ื‘ื•ืฆืขื• ื‘ืžืœื•ืืŸ ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™. ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืจื‘-ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืœ ื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ืชืงื ื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื—, ืื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื›ืš. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ืื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ืžืคืชื— ื”ืชืงื™ื ื” ืขืฆืžื•, ืืœื ืฉืœ ืชืงื ื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ, ื–ืืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืื™ืžื ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื” ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืคืงื—ื™ื ืื• ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–. ืœื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืžื”ืžืคืชื— ืขืฆืžื•.
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ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ . ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™ ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ืฆื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ (ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื‘) ืžื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœื ืคืขืœ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื•ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ื’ื ืืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื™ืงื™ ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉื‘ื˜"ืœ ืœื ื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ืžื. ื‘ื›ืš ื ืกืชื ื”ื’ื•ืœืœ ืขืœ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉื‘ื˜"ืœ ื™ืžืฆื” ืืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืชื™ืงื™ ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื43 .ืฉืœื ื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ 3. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื™ื“ืข ืฉื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ ืื™ื ื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ืœื‘ื˜"ืœ ื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื‘, ื›ืžื• ื”ืชื™ืงื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื’ืžืœืื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืฉืœ ื ืคื’ืขื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื ืคืฆืขื• ื•ื”ืชื™ืงื™ื ืžืฉื ืช 2013 . ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื™ื“ืข ืฉื™ืฉื ื ืขื•ื“ ืชื™ืงื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืœืฉื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ืžื—ื‘ืจื” ื ืฉื‘ื˜"ืœ ื›ืœืœ ืœื ืื™ืชืจ ืื•ืชื, ื•ื”ื ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ื›"ืื‘ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื” ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ืŸ" ื‘ืืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ืžื•ืกื“. ืขื•ื“ ื™ื“ืข ืฉื™ืฉื ื” ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื™ื•ื’ืฉื• ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื‘ื˜"ืœ ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ื”ื ื–ื›ื•ืช ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ืžื—ื‘ืจื” ื. ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ, ืขื•"ื“ ืจื•ื–ื ืฆื•ื™ื’ ืกื™ื›ื ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ื›ื™ ื‘ื˜"ืœ ื™ื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ื”ืžื’ื™ืขื•ืช ืœื•, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืืœื” ืฉืœื ื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™, ืชืžื•ืจืช ืกื›ื•ื ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ืœืคื™ ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื”ืชื™ืงื™ื ื”ื™ื“ื•ืขื™ื ืฉื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ื”. ืขื•"ื“ ืจื•ื–ื ืฆื•ื™ื’ ืœื ืคืขืœ ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื ืชื™ืงื™ื ื•ืžื ื’ื“ ืœื ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ ืื•ืชื ืžื”ื”ืกื›ื ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ืชื™ ื™ืขืฅ ืขื ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื‘ืกื ื™ืฃ ื™ืคื• ื”ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื™ื“ืข ื•ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื‘ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ื”ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช, ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื, ืœืงืจืืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืช ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื“ื•ื— ื–ื” ืœื‘ื˜"ืœ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืจื˜ื ื™ ืืช ื”ืชื™ืงื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื“ืฆ ืžื‘ืจ 2015 - ื™ื ื•ืืจ201637 .)(ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•"ื“ ืจื•ื–ื ืฆื•ื™ื’ ื‘ื•ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืคืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื–ืจื•ืช ื•ื ืฉื  ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ ื”ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ื›ืฉืœ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื•ืžื—ื“ืœ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœื™. 1. ืžื ื›"ืœ ื‘ื˜"ืœ ืกื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื—ืฉื‘ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ืกื›ื ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื ื—ื” ืืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืขื•"ื“ ืจื•ื–ื ืฆื•ื™ื’ ืœืฆืจืฃ ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžื’ืขื™ื ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื. ืื•ืœื ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืคืขืœ ืฉืœื ืœืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืืช ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ. ื”ื•ื ืœื ืฉื™ืชืฃ ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืฉืงื™ื™ื ืขื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื, ืฉื‘ื• ื“ื ื• ืขืœ ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ื•ื’ื•ื‘ื”ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืชืฉืœื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ืœื‘ื˜"ืœ, ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžื™ืขืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื”ืชื›ืชื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ื•ืขื ื ืฆื™ื’ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ื•ืœื ืฉื™ืชืฃ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืืชื. ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืืœื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืžืืœื™ื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื•ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืชื• ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉื‘.
ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจ ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื ืงื‘ืข ืืžื ื ื›ื™ ืขื•"ื“ ืจื•ื–ื ืฆื•ื™ื’ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื” ื ืœืื—ืจ ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2011 , ืื‘ืœ ื–ืืช ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืžืกืจ ื•ืœืคื™ื• ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœืงื•ื—ื” ืฉืœื•, ื•ืœื ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืขื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ื•ื‘ื ื•, ืฉืขืœื™ื” ืœื ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื‘ืขืช ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจ ืขืžื•. ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžื”ื™ืงืœืขื•ืช ืœืžืฆื‘ ื”ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ื• ื‘ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื“ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ ืกืคืง ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœื™ื• . ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืืžื•ืจ, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ืขื•"ื“ ืจื•ื–ื ืฆื•ื™ื’ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื™ื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื‘ืคื ื™ื” ืืช ื”ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื• ืขื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ื•ื‘ื ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื‘ื—ืŸ ืื ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื• ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื, ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืขืฅ ื‘ื” ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืคื™ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืกื“ืจืช ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืขื•ืœืชื• ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื; ืื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืขืฉื” ื›ืŸ. ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื• ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืžืฉื ื” ื–ื”ื™ืจื•ืช, ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื‘ืฉืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื›ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืกื“ืจืช ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื˜"ืœ ื•ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืฉืžืฉ ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื˜"ืœ, ื•ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ืชื• "ืฉื•ืžืจ ื”ืกืฃ" ื‘ื‘ื˜"ืœ. ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื” ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื‘ื˜"ืœ ืœื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ืกื›ื ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืฆื•ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืชื• ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืขื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื‘ื ื•. ืขื•ืžืง ื”ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื” ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื• ืœื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืืฆืœ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื”, ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืขืœ ืขื•"ื“ ืจื•ื–ื ืฆื•ื™ื’ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื• ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื” ื. ืื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืฆื ืœื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืคื ื™ื” ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
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ืฆื‘ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืžืขืจืš ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฆื”_ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2012 ืงื‘ืขื” ืจืืฉืช ืื›"ื ื“ืื–, ื›ื™ ืžืœืฉ"ื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ืช "ืžืขืจื™ืžื™ื ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ืช ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื‘ืื™", ื•ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืฆืขื” ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉื”ืขืœื” ืจืž"ื— ื‘ืจื”"ืŸ ื“ืื– - ืœื ื ืงื˜ ืฆื”"ืœ ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืชื•ืคืขื” ื–ืืช. ื›ืš ื ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื™ื ื• ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื›ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืœืฉ"ื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ืช ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžื”ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืช ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžื›ื•ื— ื—ื•ืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืืคื™ืง ื”ื‘ืจื”"ืŸ, ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืžืžืฉื™ืช ืœื›ืš. .ืžื ืชื•ื ื™ ืื›"ื ืขื•ืœื”, ื›ื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžืœืฉ"ื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื” ื”ื—ืจื“ื™ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื‘ืื™ ื‘ืฉืœ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื ืคืฉื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืขื“ ืคื™ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืžืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžืœืฉ"ื‘ื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืคื˜ื•ืจ ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฆื‘ืื™ ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืœื” ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืœืœ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืœืฉ"ื‘ื™ื. ืœื”ืœืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื: ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ, ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืžืงืจืค"ืจ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืื—ื™ื“ื” ืœ"ืžื™ื“ืข ืจืคื•ืื™", ื”ืชื•ืืžืช ืืช ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ืฆื‘ื, ื•ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ืช ืขื ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื”, ื•ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ื•ืžื ื™ืขืช ื—ืฉื™ืคืชื• ื‘ืคื ื™ ืžื™ ืฉืื™ื ื ืจืฉืื™ื ืœื›ืš. ืขืœ ืžืงืจืค"ืจ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ืœืคื’ื™ืฉื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ืคืฉื™ ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœ ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช, ืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžืจื›ื– ื‘ืจื”"ืŸ, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื•ื‘ืข ืžืื™-ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืฆื‘ื• ื”ื ืคืฉื™. ืงื™ื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื›ื–ื• ื™ืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื” ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ ืžืจื›ื– ื‘ืจื”"ืŸ. .ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ืžืงืจืค"ืจ ื”ื–ื™ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ืช, ื•ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช CPR ื ืžืฆืื• ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื’ื•ื™ื™ื, ืงื™ื™ื ืงื•ืฉื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื, ื›ื™ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืคื ื• ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจ ืื›ืŸ ื˜ื•ืคืœื• ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ. ืงื™ื•ืžื ืฉืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉื’ื•ื™ื™ื ืืœื• ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช CPR ืžืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืžืงืจืค"ืจ ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžื” ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืขืœ ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืฆื‘ืื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจื™ื. ืขืœ ืžืงืจืค"ืจ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื™ื•ื–ื ื• ืœืžืขืจื›ืช CPR ,ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ ื™ื™ื ืงื˜ื• ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื” ื ืื•ืชื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžื™ืžื•ืฉืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืžื•ืจ.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ืคื’ืข ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ื ืคืฉื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืืœื”. ืขืœ ืžืจื›ื– ื‘ืจื”"ืŸ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืื™-ืงื™ื•ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื–ื•, ื•ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืœื”ืงื˜ื ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื™-ืงื™ื•ืžื”.
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ืฆื‘ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืœื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืงื™ื•ืžื ืฉืœ ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ืงื•ืจ ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœื• ื™ืฉ ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ, ืœืงืจืืช ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ืืœื”, ืžืคืงื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื•, ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžืฆื‘ ื•ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื”ืžื˜ื›"ืœื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื™ืงื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื•ืขืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœื•, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืื™-ืžืชืŸ ืชืฉื•ืžืช ื”ืœื‘ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื˜"ืœ ื•ืื’" ืช ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื•ืชื™ื•ืช, ื•ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื—ืœืงื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื›"ื ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืืœื”, ืขืœ ืกื’ืŸ ื”ืจืžื˜ื›"ืœ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื”ืคืงืช ืœืงื—ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืขืœ ืžื™ืงื•ืจ ื—ื•ืฅ, ื•ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื™ืฉื ื•. ื™ื•ื“ื’ืฉ, ื›ื™ ื›ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื™ื˜ืœ ืฆื”"ืœ ืืช ืžื™ืงื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจืคื•ืื”, ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืคืชืจ ื‘ืžืœื•ืืŸ ืืช ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“, ืฉื”ื‘ื™ืื• ืื•ืชื• ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื”ืœืš. ืขืงื‘ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื™ืกื•ื“ ืืœื”, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืฆื”"ืœ ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืกื•ืคืงื” ืœื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืงื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ. ื›ืคื™ ืฉื™ืชื•ืืจ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื“ื•ื— ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื–ื”, ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืคืขืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืขื ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ, ื‘ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ืœื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื’ื ื‘ืขืช ื”ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœืžื™ืงื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื”ืงื•ื“ื ืงื‘ืข ืฆื”"ืœ, ื›ื™ ื™ื•ืกื˜ื• ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื (ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื“ื”), ืื•ืœื ืžื˜ืจื” ื–ื• ืœื ื”ื•ืฉื’ื”, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžืงืจืค"ืจ ืœื ื”ื›ื™ื ื” ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช ื”ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื” ืื™ืœื• ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื™ื™ื“ืจืฉื• ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืืจืฅ ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื“ื”, ื•ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื”ืžื˜ื›"ืœื™ื™ื, ืื’"ืช ื•ืื˜"ืœ, ืœื ื“ืจืฉื• ื–ืืช ืžืžื ื”, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืœืขื™ืœ. ื ื•ื›ื— ื–ืืช, ืขื•ืœื” ืกืคืง ื‘ืงืฉืจ ืœื›ืš, ืฉื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืœืžื™ืงื•ืจ ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ืœืื ืฉื™ ื”ืงื‘ืข ืื›ืŸ ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื”. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืžื™ืงื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ืœืื ืฉื™ ื”ืงื‘ืข ืื›ืŸ ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืกื˜ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื”, ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื” ืื™ืœื• ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืกื˜ื• ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื, ื•ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืžื™ืžื•ืฉื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืฆื”"ืœ ื•ืœืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ื›ื™ ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืืจื•ืš ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืขืœืืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืœืจื•ืคืื™ื ื”ืืข"ืฆื™ื, ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืขื ื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™. ืขืœ ืื˜"ืœ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืœื ื•ืฉื ืžื•ืงืฆื” ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ, ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื ืžื’ืžืช ื”ืขื–ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืืœื” ื ื‘ืœืžืช ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืงืจืค"ืจ, ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื’ื“ื™ืจื” ืืช ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืœืžืคื’ืฉ ืขื ืจื•ืคื ืจืืฉื•ื ื™, ื›ื™ ืคืขืœื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ืœืœื ื ื•ืจืžื” ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”, ื•ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื”ื• ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ืœืžืคื’ืฉ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœ ืขื ืจื•ืคื ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ ื•ืœืขื’ืŸ ื–ืืช ื‘ืคืงื•ื“ื•ืช. ื™ื•ืฆื ืืคื•ื, ื›ื™ ืœืžืงืจืค"ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืจื•ื›ื– ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืขื•ื‘ืจ ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื—ื™ื™ืœ ืงื•ื‘ืข ืชื•ืจ ืœืจื•ืคื ืจืืฉื•ื ื™, ื•ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืคื’ืฉ ืืชื•. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืืคืฉืจื•ืชื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืœืจื•ืคื ืจืืฉื•ื ื™, ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืžืชื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืกื™ืง ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ืžื›ืš. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืžืื– ืฉื ืช 2010 ืœื ืขืจืš ืฆื”"ืœ ืกืงืจื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื ืืช ืฉื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื”ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืžื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉื”ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืžื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื™ื (ืœืžืขื˜ ื‘ืžืจืคืื•ืช ื”ืงืจื™ื” ื•ืชื”"ืฉ ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ).
.ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืงืจืค"ืจ ืขืœ ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื™ื ืœืจื•ืคื ืจืืฉื•ื ื™, ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืžืžืฉ ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืจืคื•ืื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœื›ืœืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ืฆื”"ืœ, ืขืœ ืื˜"ืœ, ืžืชื•ืงืฃ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ืขืœ ืžืงืจืค"ืจ, ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื” ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืฉืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืžื›ืœืœ ืžืจืคืื•ืช ืฆื”"ืœ ืขืœ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœ ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื”ื•ื ืงื•ื‘ืข ืช ื•ืจ ืœืจื•ืคื ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ ื•ืขื“ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืคื’ืฉ ืืชื• ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืงืจืค"ืจ ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช ื•ืžืœืื” ืขืœ ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื”, ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืขื“ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”.
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ืฆื‘ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉื” ื‘ืฆื”_ืœ - ืฆื‘ื ื”ื’ื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ - ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื”, ื›ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช "ื”ื’ืœื™ืœื™ืช " ื›ืžืงื•ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื™ื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœ ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื”ื–ื ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœ ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขืฆืžื”. ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ, ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื’ื–ื•ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืŸ, ืœืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื›ืกื™ื•ืข ื‘ืขืช ื”ื›ื ืช ืชืจื’ื™ืœ ื•ืœืงืจืืช ืื™ืžื•ืŸ. ืื™ ืœื›ืš, ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ืžืชื›ื•ื ืชื” ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœ ื”ืคื™ืง ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื•ืคื” ืžืžื ื” ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื”. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆื, ื›ื™ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื—ื”"ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื–ื™ื ื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืื™ืจืขื• ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉื” ืœืžืขืจื›ืช "ื”ื’ืœื™ืœื™ืช ", ืืœื ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืื—ืจืช, ื”ืžืฉืžืฉืช ืจืง ืืช ื—ื”"ื; ื•ืื™ืœื• ืจืง ืขืœ ื—ืœืง ืžืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื‘ืฉื” ืžื“ื•ื•ื— ื—ื”"ื ืœืžื‘ืง"ื ื™ื‘ืฉื” ืžืคืขื ืœืคืขื, ื•ื–ืืช ื™ื“ื ื™ืช ื•ืœื ื‘ื”ื–ื ื” ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ืœืžืขืจื›ืช "ื”ื’ืœื™ืœื™ืช". ื›ืš, ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช "ื”ื’ืœื™ืœื™ืช " ืื™ื ื ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• ื‘ื—ื”"ื. . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืืช ืžื‘ืง"ื ื™ื‘ืฉื”, ืžืขืจื›ืช"ื”ื’ืœื™ืœื™ืช " ืืžื•ืจื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžืœื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื ืžืฆื ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ืชืžื•ื ืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžืžืขืจื›ืช "ื”ื’ืœื™ืœื™ืช" ืื™ื ื” ืžืฉืงืคืช ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื˜ืขื•ืช ืืช ืžืงื‘ืœื™ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ืฆื’ืช ืชืžื•ื ืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืœืจืžื” ื”ืžื˜ื›"ืœื™ืช ื•ืœืคื•ืจื•ืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช "ื”ื’ืœื™ืœื™ืช ", ืžืœืžื“ืช, ื›ื™ ืžืกื“ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ืื™ื ื• ืžืกืคืง ื•ื›ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืจืื” ืื™ื ื” ืžืงื•ื™ืžืช. ื‘ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืคืชื— ืœืคืขืจื™ ืžื™ื“ืข. ืžื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื•ืœื”, ื›ื™ ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ ืชื—ืงื™ืจื™ื ืœ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื–ื ื• ืœืžืขืจื›ืช "ื”ื’ืœื™ืœื™ืช " ื‘ืขื•ืฆื‘ืช "ื’ืขืฉ" ื•ื‘ืžืœ"ื™, ืœื•ืงื” ื‘ื—ืกืจ. ืชื•ืคืขื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืื™ -ืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ ืชื—ืงื™ืจื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืคืงืช ืœืงื—ื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืฆื”"ืœ ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช. . ืขืœื–"ื™ ื•ืขืœ ืžื‘ืง"ื ื™ื‘ืฉื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื–ื ืชื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืœืžืขืจื›ืช "ื”ื’ืœื™ืœื™ืช " ื”ืŸ ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ืฉืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ื–ื™ื ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืคืจืง ื–ื”, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืชื™ืงื•ื ืŸ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื”ืŸ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืงืฉื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš - ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”. ืขืœ ืžื‘ืง"ื ื™ื‘ืฉื”, ืขืœ ืžืคืงื“ื™ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ืงืฆื™ื ื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื–ื ืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื•ืชื—ืงื™ืจื™ื ืœืžืขืจื›ืช "ื”ื’ืœื™ืœื™ืช ". ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื•ื•ื“ื, ื›ื™ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืชืฉืงืฃ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืœืืฉื•ืจื•, ืชื™ืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื“ืจื’ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื—, ื•ืชืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืœื ื•ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืชืžื•ื ืช ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ื‘ืฉืชื™ืช ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ืช ืœืžื˜ื›"ืœ ื•ืœืคื•ืจื•ืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืžื‘ืง"ื ื™ื‘ืฉื” ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืขืœ ืื•ื“ื•ืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืžืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื (ืžืคืงื“ื™ื , ืงืฆื™ื ื™ ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช, ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืขื•ื“) ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืคืชื— ืœืคืข ืจื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ , ื›ื™ ืžืœ"ื™, ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื• ื•ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืชืืžื ื•ืช ื‘ื•, ื•ื›ืŸ ืขื•ืฆื‘ืช "ื’ืขืฉ" ื•ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื”, ืื™ื ื ืžืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ื•ืจืืช ืืž"ืฅ ื•ืืช ื”ื•ืจืืช ืžื‘ืง"ื ื™ื‘ืฉื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—. ื›ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื›ืš, ืžืขืจื›ืช "ื”ื’ืœื™ืœื™ืช" ืื™ื ื” ื ื•ืชื ืช ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžืœืื” ืขืœ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืจื—ืฉื• ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืืœื•. ืžืฉื›ืš, ืชืžื•ื ืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืืœื” ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืงื™ืช, ื•ืื™ื ื” ืžืืคืฉืจืช ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืœื”ืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืžื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ื•ืžืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื”ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ . ื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื—ื•_ืœ . ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื•ืช"ืฉ ื™ืฉ ื”ื•ืจืื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ "ืกื•ืœื ื“ืจื’ื•ืช" ื”ืชืงืคื” ืžืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2009 . ื”ื•ืจืื” ื–ื• ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืืช ื”ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ืขืž"ื™ ื•ืžืชื— ื”ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื, ื”ื”ื•ืจืื” ืœื ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื” ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื’ืจืก ืฉืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขืž"ื™ ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืชืงื™ื ื” ืžืกื•ื“ืจืช. ื‘. ื”ืฉื•ืช"ืฉ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืชืœื•ืฉ ื”ืžืฉื›ื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขืž"ื™, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืชื•ืกืคืช ื—ื•"ืœ. ืื•ืœื ื‘ืชืœื•ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉื›ื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขืž"ื™ ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืชื•ืกืคืช ื—ื•"ืœ ืื™ื ื• ืžืคื•ืจื˜, ื•ืชืœื•ืฉื™ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืกื•ืคื™ ื•ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื”ื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ื•. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉ"ืชื•ืกืคืช ื—ื•"ืœ" ืชื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืžืจื›ื™ ื‘ื™ื ืžื“ื™ื“ื™ื, ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื˜ื• ื‘ืชืœื•ืฉื™ ื”ืžืฉื›ื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขืž"ื™. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ื™, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื• ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืงื™ื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืฉืชืฃ ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื›ืœืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ืขืž"ื™, ืฉืœื”ื ื™ื“ืข ืจื‘ ื•ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืขืกืงืชื ืœืื•ืจืš ืฉื ื™ื, ื•ื”ื ื—ืฉื•ืคื™ื ืœื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื•ื ืงื•ื“ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืชื•ืฉืœื ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื”, ืขืœ ื ืฉ"ื, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื™ื•ื˜ืžืขื• ื‘ืฉื•ืช"ืฉ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื“ืจืฉ. ื™ื•ืฆื ืืคื•ื ืฉื‘ืžืฉืš 50 ื™ื•ื, ืื–ื•ืจ ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื“ื•ื“ื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื˜ื•ื, ืืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ื’ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ื™ืกืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ื”ืžืคื’ืข ื—ืฉืฃ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ืจืื” ื—ืœืง ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืืช ื”ืขืž"ื– ืฉื ื“ืจืฉื• ืœืฉื”ื•ืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ, ืœืืกื‘ืกื˜ ืคืจื™ืš; ืืš ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืฉื’ืจื™ืจื•ืช ืœื ื™ื“ื•ืข ื›ืžื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ืงืจื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ื ืžื•ืจื”, ื‘ืื™ืœื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื•ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื. ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ื ื’ืจื ื ื–ืง ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืกืœ - ืชื“ืžื™ืชื™ ื•ืžืฉืคื˜ื™, ืฉื˜ืจื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื”ื™ืงืคื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื”, ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื ืฉ"ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื”ื˜ืจื“ื” ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืช, ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืžืชืงื‘ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื—ืฉืฉ ืœื” ื˜ืจื“ื” ืžื™ื ื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ืœืื’ืฃ ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ืฉ"ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื•ืช ืขื ืจืืฉ ืื’ืฃ ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืื• ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืชื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื ืฉ"ื.
ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ื•ืช ื”ื“ืขืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ืช ืขืœ ืชื—ื•ืœืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ืžืฉืžืขืช ืขืœ ื”ืขืž"ื™ ืœื ื”ื•ื˜ืžืข ื‘ืฉื•ืช"ืฉ ื•ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ื‘ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืขืž"ื™ ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื” ื”ื”ืขืกืงื”.
666
ืขื–ืจื™ืืœื™- ืžื›ืœืœื” ืืงื“ืžื™ืช ืœื”ื ื“ืกื” ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ืžื›ืœืœืช ืขื–ืจื™ืืœื™ - ืžื›ืœืœื” ืืงื“ืžื™ืช ืœื”ื ื“ืกื” ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื›ืœืœื” ื•ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžื›ืœืœื” ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœื” ื•ืœื”ื ื”ื’ืชื”. ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืขืกืงืชื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ืœื›ืš ื”ื•ื ืื™ืจื•ืข ื—ืจื™ื’ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืขืœ ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืžื›ืœืœื”, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžื•ืคืงื“ ืขืœ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื” ื•ื ื›ืกื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขืžื•ืชื”, ื•ืžืฆื•ืคื” ืžืžื ื• ืœืงื™ื™ื ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื”ืขืกืงื” ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื›ืš ืขืœ ื”ืžื›ืœืœื”. ื•ืื•ืœื ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืœื ืคืขืœ ื›ืš, ืืœื ื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžืจ ื•ื›ืกืœืจ ื•ืื™ืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืจ ื•ื›ืกืœืจ ื•ืœืžืจ ืœื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื˜ืขื ืชื ืฉื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืื™ืฉืจ ืืช ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืžื ื›"ืœื™ืช ื‘ -13.6.10 ,; ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“ ื”ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ืžืฆื ืืฆืœ ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœื ื ืžืฆื. ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืชื•ืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžืจ ื•ื›ืกืœืจ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ื ืœืžื™ื ื•ื™. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื ืฉืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ื ื“ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืžืžืจืฅ 2015 ,ืœื ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœืฉื ื™ื 2015 ื•-2016 ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื›ื™ ืžืขืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ื”ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืœื—ื•ืง ื”ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื” ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœืฉื ื™ื 2016-2015 ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ. ืžืฉืœื ืขืฉืชื” ื–ืืช, ื”ืชืืคืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืš ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื›"ืœื™ืช ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช. ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื–ื• ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืขืœ ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืชื•ืฉืคืข ืžืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืœื ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ืฉืขืฆืžืื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื• ืชื™ืคื’ืข. ื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ืœืœื”, ืฉื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ, ื™ื™ื“ืข ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืขืœ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ืืช ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืฉื ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืขืœ ื—ื•ื‘ืชื ืœืืฉืจ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืืœื” . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืขืœ ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืžืœืื™ื ืืช ืื—ื“ ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืคืชื— ืฉืœื”ื - ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ืœืœื”. ืืช ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ืื™ืฉืจื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื, ืืฃ ืฉื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื•ืกืžืš ืœืืฉืจ ื–ืืช. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื›ืš, ื”ืžื›ืœืœื” ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืช ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื™ื ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืื• ื”ื•ื•ืช"ืช, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืขืœ ืฉื—ืจื’ื” ืžืกืžื›ื•ืชื”, ื•ื›ื™ ืขืงื‘ ื“ืจืš ืคืขื•ืœืชื” ื”ืœืงื•ื™ื” ืฉื™ืœืžื” ื”ืžื›ืœืœื” ืœื“"ืจ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืชืจ. ืขืœ ื”ื•ื•ืช"ืช ื•ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืžื“ื•ืงื“ืงืช ืฉืœ ืชื ืื™ ื”ืคืจื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ื“"ืจ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื•ื“ืขื” ืฉืคืจืกืžื” ื”ืžื›ืœืœื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจืช ื›ืœื™ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื•ืงืฆื” ืฉื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืœื”ื’ืฉืช ื”ืฆืขื•ืช. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืžื›ืœืœื” ื‘ื“ืงื” ืืช ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืœืคื ื™ ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ืžื›ืจื–, ื•ืœืคื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืชื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ 139,000 ืฉ"ื—.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืขืœ ืฉืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื“ืจื™ืฉืช ื”ืžืœ"ื’ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืชืงื ื•ืŸ ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ื ืืžื ื™ื ื•ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจื•. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืชืขืœืžื•ืช ืจื‘ืช ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื›ืœืœื” ืžื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืœ"ื’. ืœื ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžื•ืกื“ ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ืขืฉื” ื“ื™ืŸ ืœืขืฆืžื• ื•ื™ืชืขืœื ืžื”ืขืจื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ื•ื”ืžืคืงื— ืขืœื™ื•.
667
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ . ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉื” ื•ื‘ื”ืคืขืœืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืงื” ื. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืœืจื•ื‘, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ืœืื•ืจืš ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ื–ื”, ืœื ื ื›ืœืœื• ื‘ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืขืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜, ืืœื ื”ื•ื‘ืื• ื‘ื”ื ืจืง ืฉืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืฉื›ืจื ืžืžื•ืžืŸ ืžื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช. ื‘. ื‘ื—ื•ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืขื ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืœื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ื“ื•ื— ืžืกื›ื ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืคืจ ื•ื™ืงื˜. ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืžืกื›ืžื™ื, ื•ื’ื ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืœื ื“ืจืฉื” ืžื”ืŸ ืœื”ื’ื™ืฉ. ื”ืขื“ืจ ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ืื™ื ื• ืžืืคืฉืจ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช. ื’. ื”ืžืกืงื ื” ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืžื›ืš ื”ื™ื ืฉืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื ื™ืชื ื• ืœืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ืœืœื ื›ืœ ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืžื”ื•ืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื•ืขืœ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืš ืœื™ืงื•ื™ ื—ืžื•ืจ ื‘ืกื“ืจื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™, ืฉืชืงืฆื‘ื• ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืืš ืœื ืคื™ืงื—ื• ื•ืœื ืขืงื‘ื• ืื—ืจ ืชืคื•ืงื•ืชื™ื”ื. ื”ืŸ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” 741 ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื˜ื” ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืขืกืงื• ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื•ื’ื“ืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื•ืคืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื•ื ื— "ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ". ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืœื”ืขืจื•ืชื™ื”ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืื’ืฃ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ืœื ื”ืขื™ืจื• ืขืœ ื”ืขื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื“ืจื” ื–ื•. ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ื” ื ืคืชื— ืคืชื— ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™, ืฉื ื•ืขื“ ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ืœื—ื–ืงื” ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœืฉื™ื, ื’ื ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื—ื•ืœืง ืขืœ ื˜ืขื ืช ื”ืฉืจ, ื›ื™ "ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืœืืžื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื”", ื•ืกื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื™ ืงื‘ื™ืขืชืŸ ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืกื“ืจ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืจืื•ื™ ื‘ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืœื™ืžื” ืœืžื˜ืจื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช - ื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื™ืคืจื™ื” ื”ื’ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ืช ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืื•ืœื, ืืžื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืฉืžื˜ืขืžื” ืœื ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืžื•ื—ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืืœื” ืฉืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื—ื–ืงื™ื. ื‘ื›ืš ื™ืฆืจื• ืืžื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื” ืืœื” ืขื™ื•ื•ืช ื‘ื—ืœื•ืงืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช, ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื”ื•ืขื ืง ื’ื ืœืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ื”ืคื•ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืจืžื” ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช-ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืจ ืืœืžืกื™, ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช, ื›ื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืื™ื ื ื” ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ืช ืขื ื”ืžืกื›ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ืชื™ืช ืฉื”ื•ื‘ืื” ืœืขื™ืœ. ืจืื•ื™ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื”ื“ ื’ื™ืฉ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื˜ืขื ืช ื”ืฉืจ ืืจื™ืืœ, ืžืจ ืืœืžืกื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื ื™ืกื— ืืช ืกืขื™ืคื™ื 12-8 ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ื”, ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™, ื‘ื”ืงืžืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื•ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช. ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืœืฉืจ ื“ืื– ื›ื™ ืฉืจ ืจืฉืื™ ืœืืฆื•ืœ ืžืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ื“. ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืจืฉืื™ ืœืืฆื•ืœ ืื•ืชืŸ ืœื’ื•ืฃ ืคืจื˜ื™, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื”ืืฆื™ืœื” ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืจืฉืžื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืœืื•. ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืขืฅ ื‘ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืืš ื–ืืช ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื—ื•ื‘ืชื• ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื“ืขืช. ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื“ืื– ืื•ืจื™ ืืจื™ืืœ ืื™ืคืฉืจ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ืขื‘ืจ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ื”ื“ืขืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืชื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืจื’ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืœืงื“ื ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื - ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืžืคืœื’ืชื™ืช ื•ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืขืกืงื™ืช. ื‘ื›ืš ื ื•ืฉื ื”ืฉืจ ืืจื™ืืœ ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืžื—ื“ืœ ื—ืžื•ืจ ื‘ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉื™ืœื•ืช ื•ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ. ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจ ืืจื™ืืœ ืœืขืจื‘ ืืช ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื• ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืžืชืŸ ืกื™ื•ืข ืœื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช, ื•ืืฃ ืœื™ื™ืขื“ ืœื”ื ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื ื”ืœืช ื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ื, ืฉืื•ืชื” ืคืขืœ ืœื”ืงื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื›ื”ื•ื ืชื•, ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ื—ืฉืฉ ื›ื™ ืคืขืœ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ืชื•ืคืงื“ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื˜ื‘ื•ืจื ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ื”ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ื•ื”ืื™ื“ืื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจ ื•ืืฉืจ ืœื”ื ื–ื™ืงื” ืžื”ื•ืชื™ืช ื•ื™ืฉื™ืจื” ืœื—ืœืง ืžืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช. ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื‘ื™ื ืืคืฉืจื” ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื• ื–ื›ืื™ื•ืช ืœืกื™ื•ืข ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ. ื”ืฉืจ ืืจื™ืืœ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื• ืžื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2016 , ื›ื™ื”ื•ื "ืžื‘ืจืš ื•ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉื”ื•ืคื ืชื” ื›ืœืคื™ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืคื’ืžื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ื• ื•ืœื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืชื•, ื•ืืฃ ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื—ืฃ ืžื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื›ื”ื•ื ืชื• ื›ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ".
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืฉืจ ืืจื™ืืœ, ื›ื™ ืื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคืกื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืฉืจ, ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ื›ืžืฉืจืช ืืžื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจ, ื™ืคืงื— ื•ื™ืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืฉื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืจ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืœืฉืจ. ื•ืื•ืœื, ื˜ืขื ืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืจ ืื™ื ื” ืžืชืงื‘ืœืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืœื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื•, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืœืฉื›ืชื•, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืืช ื™ื•ืขืฆื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื•ื—ื“-ืžืฉืžืขื™ ืžื”ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื’ื–ืจืชื•, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื“ืจ ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืื• ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœื“ืจื’ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ื•ื ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืฉืœ ื–ื”.
668
ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืขื ื”ืคืฉื™ืขื” ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ืช . ื”ืงืœื•ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื•ืžื’"ื‘ ืกื•ื’ืจื™ื ื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžืชื™ืงื™ ื”ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ืกืžื•ืš ืœื”ื’ืฉืชื, ืœืœื ื”ื’ืฉืช ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ื, ืžืฉืงืคืช ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืขื˜ื” ืฉื”ื ืžื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืคืฉื™ืขื” ื—ืงืœืื™ืช. ื–ืืช - ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื—ืœืง ืžื”ืชื™ืงื™ื ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืจืื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืื• ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืขื‘ืจื™ื™ืŸ , ื•ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืจื—ื‘ ื™ืฉ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืชื™ืงื™ื. ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื•ืžื’"ื‘ "ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื”" ืืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ืฉืจื•ื—ืฉ ืœื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกื’ื™ืจืช ืชื™ืงื™ื ื•ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžื”ื’ืฉืช ื›ืชื‘ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ื ื‘ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืฉื™ืขื” ื—ืงืœืื™ืช ืฉื ืขืฉื• ืœืžื›ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื”ื™ืœื—ื ื‘ื ื—ื™ืฉื•ืช ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ืœืชืช ืžืขื ื” ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ืื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืคืฉื™ืขื” ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช. . ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืคืจื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื ื™ื‘ืช ืขื•ืคื•ืช ืœืžืื›ืœ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื ื™ื‘ืช ืขื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื™ื ืœืจื‘ื™ื™ื” ืื• ื’ื ื™ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืฆื™ ืจื‘ื™ื™ื” - ืฉื”ื ืืžืฆืขื™ ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื™ืงืจื™ื ืžืื•ื“. ื™ื•ื“ื’ืฉ ื›ื™ ื’ื ื™ื‘ืช ืขื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืฆื™ ืจื‘ื™ื™ื” ืžื—ืกืœืช ืœืžืขืฉื” ืืช ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื•ื’ื•ื“ืขืช ืืช ื”ืขื ืฃ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืขืœื™ื• ื ืฉืขืŸ ื”ื—ืงืœืื™. .ืžื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขื•ืœื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ -2015 ื ืจืฉืžื” ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื› -45% ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื”ื’ื ื™ื‘ื” ืœืขื•ืžืช 201440 ื•ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ%97 ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืจืืฉื™ื ืฉื ื’ื ื‘ื•. ื‘ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ 2016 ื—ืœื” ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื›-23% ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ ื”ื’ื ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ 66% ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืจืืฉื™ื ืฉื ื’ื ื‘ื• ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘-2015 . ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”, ื—ืœื” ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ 77% .ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืžื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื”, ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืฉืงืขื• ื‘ืื™ืชื•ืจ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื ื’ื ื‘ื• ื•ื”ื—ื–ืจืชื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื - ื‘ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื•ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœืขืชื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ื - ื™ืจื“ื• ืœืขืชื™ื ืœื˜ืžื™ื•ืŸ, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืžื•ืกื“ืจ ืœืื—ืกื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื. ื”ืฉืืจืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ื’ื ื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืชื•ืคืขื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืชืงื™ื ื” ื”ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ื”ืจืชืขื” ื•ืžืขื ื™ืงื” ืคืจืก ืœืคื•ืจืขื™ ื—ื•ืง. ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื ืžืฆืื• ืžื›ืœืื•ืช ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื™ื•ื–ืžื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ืžื’"ื‘, ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืืช ื—ื•ืœืฉืชื” ื”ืชืคืงื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ืืช ืื•ื–ืœืช ื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื”. ื™ืฉ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ืื—ืกื ื” ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื” -DNA . ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื•ืžื’"ื‘ ืœืขื’ืŸ ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืืœื• - ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื - ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ ืคืจื˜ื™ ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ื”ืคืขืœื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืฉืžื’ื‘ืฉืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื ืžื•ื›ืจื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ื”ื—ื“ืฉื” ืชื™ืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ืœืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื›ืคืจื™ื™ื ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืกื™ื•ืจ ื›ืžืขื˜ ืื™ื ืŸ ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ื•ื‘ื—ืœืงื ืืฃ ื ืขื“ืจื•ืช ื›ืœื™ืœ. ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื” ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืžืจื—ื‘ ื”ื›ืคืจื™ ื•ื‘ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื”ื”ืจืชืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”.
ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื”ืชืœื•ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื—ืฉื“ ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืžืกื•ื’ ืคืฉืข, ื ืกื’ืจ ืชื™ืง ื”ื—ืงื™ืจื” ื›ืžื” ืฉืขื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ืชืœื•ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ื•ืจืื™ - ื‘ืขื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื ื•ื“ืข. ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืฉื•ื ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืืชืจ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ืŸ. ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืชื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืืคืฉืจื” ืœืื•ืชื ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœืื—ืกืŸ ืกื—ื•ืจื” ื•ืืžืฆืขื™ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื’ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืœื ื—ืฉืฉ, ื•ื”ื ืืฃ ื–ื›ื• ืœื—ืกื™ื ื•ืช ืžื”ืขืžื“ื” ืœื“ื™ืŸ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืœื ื ืขืฉื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืืžืฅ ืžื™ื ื™ืžืœื™ ืœื ืกื•ืช ื•ืœืืชืจ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืงื•ื ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื•ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ืื™ืชื•ืจ. ื”ืฆื™ืคื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืฉื”ืžืชืœื•ื ื ื™ื ื™ืชื ื• ืœื”ื ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื•ืช ื•ืžืžื•ืงื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ื‘ืžื™ืฉืจื™ ืŸ ืœืื™ืชื•ืจ ืžื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ืŸ - ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ืชื™ืงื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ืจื‘ื™ื ืœื ื™ื˜ื•ืคืœื•. ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื›ื–ืืช ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ืคื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขืžื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื”, ื—ื•ืกืจ ืืžื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื›ืœืคื™ื” ื•ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื”ืจืชืขื” ืฉืœื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ื ืขื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืง.
669
ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื ืคืฉื™ืขืช ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžืช - ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื—ื•ืฆื™ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืื•ืฉืจ ื‘ืกืš ืฉืœ 6 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—, 1.6 ,ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื™ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ืขืกืงืช ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ืื–ืจื—ื™1.5 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื™ื•ืขื“ื• ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ืžื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ืžืฉื ืช 2015 ื•ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ ื›- 190,000 ืฉ"ื— ื™ื•ืขื“ ืœื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื ืกื™ืขื”. ื™ื•ืฆื ืืคื•ื ืฉืœืจื›ืฉ ื ื˜ื• ืœืฉื ืช2016 ื ื•ืชืจ ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ 2.7 .ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืขืจืš ืกื›ื•ื ื–ื” ( 2.7 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ) ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ื”ืŸ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืคืฉื™ืขืช ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ, ื”ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช, ื•ื”ืŸ ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืคืงืช ืจืื™ื•ืช ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžื•ืช. ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ื”ื•ืงืฆื• 1.6 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—, ื•ืœืฉืืจ ื”ืžืขืจืš - ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื—ืœืงื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ืžื ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื ื•ืช - ื”ื•ืงืฆื• ื›-1.1 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—. ืžืชื•ืš ื” ืกื›ื•ื ืฉืœ 2.7 ,ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— 80% ื™ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ืชื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื•-20% ืžืžื ื• ื™ื•ืขื“ื• ืœื”ื“ืจื›ื•ืช ืฉื•ื˜ืคื•ืช. ืžืžืกืžื›ื™ ืื—"ื ืขื•ืœื” ืฉืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืœืขื™ืœ ืื™ื ื• ื ื•ืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืคืฉื™ืขืช ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช, ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืืคืฉืจ ื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืžืชืคืชื— ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื”. ื—ื•ืœื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื˜ื”, ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžื˜ื” ืฉืืžื•ืจ ืœืจื›ื– ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžืขืจืš, ืœื ืงื‘ืขื” ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช, ื•ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžืขืจืš ื•ืขืœ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื•ืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืงืจื•ืช. ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื–ื• ืคื’ืขื” ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืคืขื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื—ื ื•ืช, ื”ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื•ืžื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื, ืœื”ืœืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื: ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื™ืช ืืช ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื” ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ ื”ืืžื•ืจ, ืฉืื™ื ื• ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื” ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื. ื›ืš ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืœืคื™ ืžืกืžืš ืฉื”ื›ื™ื ื” ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืคืฉื™ืขืช ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ื”, ืžืืคืจื™ืœ 2016 ืฉื›ื•ืชืจืชื•" Building a " onse to Cyber CrimeResp48 ,, ื ื“ืจืฉ ืฉื‘ืขื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื›ืœืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ืชืชื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื•ืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืชื—ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ื•ืชืงื™ืฃ ืืช ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ื—ืงื™ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื, ืชืฉืชืฃ ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ื‘ืžืขืจืš ื•ืชืกืคืง ืชืžื•ื ืช ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืฉื™ืขื” ื•ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื”, ื•ืœื ืชืคื•ืฆืœ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ื™ื ื ืคืจื“ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™. ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืคืจื“ืช ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืœื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืœืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื—ืงื™ืจืชื™ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืžืคื•ืฆืœ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœ ืžืขืจืš ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ, ืื™ื ื” ืžื‘ื™ืื” ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคืฉื™ืขืช ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช, ืฉื‘ื” ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื”. ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื–ื• ืื™ืŸ ืžืขื ื” ืœื—ื•ืœืฉื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจืš ื”ืžื‘ื•ื–ืจ ื›ืคื™ ืฉืคื•ืจื˜ื• ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื–ื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืœืฉื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ื™ื“ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื˜"ืค ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืคืฉื™ืขืช ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื ื‘ื—ืŸ ื•ืžื™ื•ืฉื. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื˜"ืค ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ื”ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ื›ื™ื•ื ืชื™ืชืŸ ืžืขื ื” ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื‘ืคืฉื™ืขืช ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช. ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื–ื• ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืขื•ืžืง ืืช ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืžืขืจืš ื•ืืช ืฉืืœืช ื”ื›ืคืคืชื• ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื•ื”ื—ืงื™ืจืชื™ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืืช ื”ื›ืคืคืช ืžื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ืœืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช. ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื–ื• ื ื“ืจืฉืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื˜ืจื” ื•ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื˜"ืค ื›ื™ื•ื ืœืืชื’ืจื™ื ื•ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืคืฉื™ืขืช ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ืžืชื•ื—ื›ืžืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืช ืื™ื ื” ืžืชื‘ืกืกืช ืขืœ ื”ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื•ืขืœ ืœืงื—ื™ ืžืฉื˜ืจื•ืช ื–ืจื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื‘ืคืฉื™ืข ื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื•ืกืคืง ืจื‘ ืื ื”ื™ื ื ื•ืชื ืช ืืช ื”ืžืขื ื” ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœืื™ื•ืžื™ื. ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื ื”ื•ื ืคืงื• ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ืืฉืจืื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ -ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ืœืžืขืจืš ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื•ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ืžืกื•ื’ ื–ื” ื‘ืจื›ื™ืฉื•ืช ืžืงื•ื•ื ื•ืช.
ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ืœื ืคืขืœื” ืžื•ืœ ืคื™ืงื•ื“ ืื—"ื ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ื•ืžื•ืœ ืžืคืงื“ื™ ื”ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืžืžืฉืงื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื™ืขื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ื“ืจ ืื™ืœื• ืชื™ืงื™ ืคืฉื™ืขืช ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ื™ื˜ื•ืคืœื• ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืชื—ื ื” ื•ืื™ืœื• ื™ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืงืจื•ืช. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืคืขืœื• ื”ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื ื’ื“ ืขื‘ืจื™ื™ื ื™ ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื• ืขื ืžื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื ื™ืชื•ืง ืžื”ื™ื“ืข ื•ืžื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืœืงื™ื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืžืขื ื” ืœืงื•ื™ ืœืคืฉื™ืขืช ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ. .3. ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ื›- 30%-20% ืžืŸ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื ืขืฉื” ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœืคืจื•ืง ืจืื™ื•ืช ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช, ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ื—ื•ืงืจื™ ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื—ื ื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืŸ, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื™ื“ืข ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ -ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื•ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืกื™ื•ืข ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ืžืฆื“ ืžื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืกื™ื™ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช, ื–ืืช ืžื‘ืœื™ ืฉื—ื•ืœื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ืคื™ืงื—ื” ืื—ืจ ื”ื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช. ื›ืš ื ื•ืฆืจื• ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ "ืื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืจืื™ื•ืช" ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช.
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ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœื›ื‘ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืฆืœื” . ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ืœื›ื‘ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืฆืœื” ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช - ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2016 - ื˜ืจื ืงื‘ืขื” ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื”ื’ื•ืคื ื™, ื•ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžืฉื ืช 2011 ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ื˜ื™ื•ื˜ื” ื•ืื™ื ื• ืชืงืฃ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืœื ื”ื•ืชืงื ื• ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื›ืฉื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืงื™ื•ื ืžื‘ื“ืงื™ื ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ื™ื. ื›ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืชืงื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืชื ืื™ ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ืœืชืคืงื•ื“ื ืฉืœ ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื”ืืฉ. ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื” ื”ื ืฆื™ื‘ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืžื”ื™ ื”ื›ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืžืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื”ืืฉ ื•ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ื ื™ื“ืข, ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ืื• ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืžื™ืœื•ื™ ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืชื™ื•. ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื’ื•ื‘ืฉื• ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืืœื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ื ืœื”ืขืจื›ื” ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืœื•ื—ื ืืฉ ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื™ืชืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืืช ืžื™ื“ืช ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืชื• ื”ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืจืš ื”ื›ื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข ื ืชื•ืŸ. ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืขืœื• ืœืขื™ืœ, ืขืœ ื”ืฉืจ ืœื‘ื˜"ืค ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืœืžืขืจืš ื”ื›ื‘ืื•ืช, ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื™ื’ื•ื‘ืฉื• ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ื›ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื• ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืฉืœ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ืืฉ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื‘ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื•ื ื”ืœื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช ืฉื™ื•ืชืงื ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื•. ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2016 , ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื ื”ื™ื’ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื‘ืฆืข ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื’ื•ืคื ื™ ืกื“ื™ืจื™ื, ืœื ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ื›ืœ ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื›ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื”ืžืขืจืš ื”ืžื‘ืฆืขื™, ืœื ื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืื ืžืฆื‘ื ื”ื’ื•ืคื ื™ ื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœืœื•ื—ืžื™ื ืœืžืœื ืืช ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื, ื•ื”ื ืœื ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžื‘ื“ืงื™ ื›ื•ืฉืจ ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ ื›ืชื ืื™ ืœื”ืžืฉืš ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืžื‘ืฆืขื™. ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉืœื•ื—ื ื”ืืฉ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉืจืช ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื’ื ืื ื›ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื• ื”ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช ื™ืจื•ื“ื”. .2. ืขื•ื“ ื”ืขืœืชื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืžื“ื•ืจ ื›ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื ื•ืช ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื•ืช (31 ืชื—ื ื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ื›-110 ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื”ืคื–ื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”) ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื—ื“ืจ ื›ื•ืฉืจ. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘-13 (42% )ืž-31 ื”ืชื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืจ ื›ื•ืฉืจ ืื• ืฉื—ื“ืจ ื”ื›ื•ืฉืจ ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืคืขื™ืœ. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื‘ื‘ืงืจืช ื ืฆื™ื‘ ืฉื”ืชืงื™ื™ืžื” ื‘ืชื—ื ื” ืื–ื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2014 ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื”ื•ืกื‘ ืœื—ื“ืจ ืฉื™ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื”ืืฉ. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2016 ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื—ื“ืจ ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื–ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืคืขื™ืœ ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื”ืื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืชืื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืžืžืฉื™ ื‘ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื’ื•ืคื ื™ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืž ืื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืœื•ื—ื ื”ืืฉ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืชื™ื• - ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืืฃ ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืžืฆื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื - ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืกื“ืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช. ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื›ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ ื”ื›ื•ืฉืจ, ืกื•ื’ ื”ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ, ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉื ืขืฉื”, ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืชื™ืขื•ื“, ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ืคื™ืงื•ื—. ื‘ื”ืงืฉืจ ื–ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœื›ืš ืฉืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืขืžื“ื• ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื’ื•ืคื ื™. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืกื“ื•ืจื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืงื™ื™ื ืžื‘ื“ืงื™ ื›ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช ืฉื•ื˜ืคื™ื, ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื”ืืฉ ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืฉืจ ื”ื’ื•ืคื ื™ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืœื ืจืง ืขื ื’ื™ื•ืกื ืœืจืฉื•ืช, ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื›ืœ ืชืงื•ืคืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื, ื•ืื™ื ื ืžืกื›ื ื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื ืื• ืืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืœืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœ ื›ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื ื™ืช ืœืงื•ื™ื”. ืขืœ ื”ืฉืจ ืœื‘ื˜"ืค ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืœื™ืงื•ื™ ื–ื” ื™ืชื•ืงืŸ ื•ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื™ื“ืจืฉ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืกืžื›ื•ืชื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ื›ื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื›ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืœื•ื—ืžื™ ื”ืืฉ ื•ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ื™ื. ื‘ื“ ื‘ื‘ื“, ื ื“ืจืฉ ื›ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื˜"ืค, ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ืื’ืฃ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื™ื’ื‘ืฉื• ื‘ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืกื“ื•ืจื™ื ืœืœื•ื—ืžื™ ืืฉ ืฉื™ื™ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืœืžืœื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืœื”ืœืŸ.
ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื‘ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื, ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื•ืกืงืจ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืขืœื• ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืœืง ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื›ื‘ืื•ืช, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื›ืจ ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœ ื” ื›ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ืคื” ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืžื”ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ ื”ืฉื›ืจ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื›ื‘ืื•ืช, ืœื—ืฉื›"ืœ, ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื‘ื˜"ืค ื•ืœื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืฉ ืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืื—ืช ืฉืชื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ืื—ื™ื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื›ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืœืžืช ื”ืžื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืงื•ืช ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื•ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœื”ื–ื ืชืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœื ื•ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช.
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ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž . ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื’ื– ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืข_ืž ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžืฉืง ื”ื’ื– - ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื” ืืช ื™ืขื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ืžื ื™ื—ื” ืื‘ื ื™ ื“ืจืš ื•ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžืฉืง ื”ื’ื– ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ - ื™ืฆืจ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืื™-ื•ื“ืื™ืช ืœืžืืกื“ืจื™ื ืฉื ื“ืจืฉื• ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ืชืžืจ. ื‘ื” ื™ืขื“ืจ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ื–ืืช ื›ืœืœื• ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืฉื’ื•ื‘ืฉื• ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ืชืžืจ ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื™ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื•ื•ืœื•ื ื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืืกื“ืจื™ื , ืืš ืžืกืชืžืŸ ื›ื™ ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืืœื• ืื™ื ื ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืฉื—ืœื• ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื•ืื™ืฉื•ืจื•, ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืœืื™-ื”ืชืžืžืฉื•ืช ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืฉืขืžื“ื• ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืืกื“ืจื™ื . ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื—ืœืฃ ืžื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืžืื’ืจ ืชืžืจ ืขื“ ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื™ื” ืืจื•ืš ื“ื™ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืงื•ื•ื™ื ืžื ื—ื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ื–ื”, ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืขื•ื’ืŸ ืฉืœ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžืื’ืจ ืชืžืจ , ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืžื”ื•ืชื™ืช ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื’ื– ื‘ืžืฉืง ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ืื™ื, ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืชื”ื•ื•ื” ื‘ืžืฉืง ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ, ื•ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžืื’ืจื™ื ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื™ื. ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื‘ืขืชื™ื“, ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื”ื•ืชื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืช ื™ื™ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชื”ื•ื•ืช, ืชืคืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืฉืชืฉืงืœืœ ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืง ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื•ืชื™ื™ืฆืจ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื“ืื™ืช ืœืžืืกื“ืจื™ื. ื‘ื›ืš ื™ืฉืชืคืจ ื”ืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื” ืžืืกื“ืจื™ื, ืฉืœื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ืจืื™ื™ื” ื—ืœืงื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื”, ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจืง ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืžื—ื•ืชื•, ื•ืชื’ื‘ืจ ื”ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฆืขื“ื™ื”ื. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœื• ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื‘ืขืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœืชื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื• ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืง, ื›ืžื• ื”ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืกื›ื ื—ื—"ื™ ืขื ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืชืžืจ, ืœื ื™ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื•ืจื ืื—ื“ ืฉืจืื™ื™ืชื• ื—ืœืงื™ืช ื•ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช ื•ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื•ื”ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ืฉืœื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื–ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื›ื–ื” ื™ื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ื“ ื™ ื›ืžื” ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื•ืคื™ ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืจืื™ื™ืชื ืจื•ื—ื‘ื™ืช. ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื”ืกื›ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ื“ื™; ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืืžืช ื‘ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื’ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™. ืชื—ื–ื™ืช OECD . ื™ื•ื ื™ 2012 .)(ืชื•ืฆืจ ืชื—ื–ื™ืช OECD . ื™ื•ื ื™ 2012 .)(ืชื•ืฆืจ ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ ืชื—ื–ื™ืช OECD . ืžืื™ 2011 ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื—ื‘ืจืช .ื”ื—ืฉืžืœ ืขืจื‘ .ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” .ืขืœ .ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื—ื—"ื™ ืœื ื‘ื—ื ื” ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื›ื›ืœื™ ืœื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื•ืœื ื‘ื“ืงื” ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืœืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ. ืžืฉื›ืš, ื—ื—"ื™ ื’ื ืœื ื ื™ืชื—ื” ืืช ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ืขืœ ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืœื—ืฉืžืœ ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืงื‘ืขื” ืืช ื”ื™ืงืคื™ ื”ื’ื– ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืœื” ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื—ืฉืžืœ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื”ื”ืกื›ื. ืžืŸ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืฉื ื”ื›ื ืช ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืœื—ืฉืžืœ, ืขืจื‘ ื”ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื‘ืžืจืฅ 2012 , ื•ืœืงืจืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืขืœ ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืื•ืคืฆื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืืคืจื™ืœ 2013 , ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื” ื—ื—"ื™ ื‘ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ืฆืžื™ื—ืช ืชื•ืฆืจ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื—ืœื•ืคื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืขืช. ื™ื•ืฆื ืืคื•ื ืฉ"ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืคืœื•ืก ืžื™ื ื•ืก ืื—ื“", ื”ื ื›ืœืœ ื‘ื ื•ืกื—ืช ื”ื”ืฆืžื“ื” ืฉืœ ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื’ื–, ื”ื•ื ืจื›ื™ื‘ ืชื•ืกืคืชื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ ื”ื’ื– ืฉื”ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืขืจื›ื” ืขื ื™ืชืจ ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืขืœื•ืช ืขื•ื“ืคืช ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉืœ ื›- 640-370 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืœืจ. ืจื›ื™ื‘ ื–ื” ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื”ืกื›ื ืจืง ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ, ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ืชื ืื™ื ืฉื ื•ืกืคื• ืœื”ืกื›ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ืฉืฉื™ื ืกืงื™, ื›ืžื• ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืชื ืื™ ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง ื”ื’ื–. ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืœื ืžืื•ื–ืŸ ื”ืžื’ืœื ืขืœื•ืช ืขื•ื“ืคืช, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ื›ืœืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื™ืคืขืœื• ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืชื” ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื”ืกื›ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืคืขืœืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ืคืชื™ื—ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ (ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ). .ืžื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืงื™ื™ื ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉืงืฆื‘ ื™ ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื‘ืžืฉืง ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืงืฆื‘ื™ ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ืฉื—ื—"ื™ ื”ืชื‘ืกืกื” ืขืœื™ื”ื, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉื™ื ืœื—ืฉืžืœ ืฉืฉื™ืžืฉื” ืืช ื—ื—"ื™ ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื—ื—"ื™ ื›ื™ ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื›ื ืช ื”ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื’ื– ืขื ืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืชืžืจ ื”ื™ื” ื—ืกืจ ื•ื™ืฆืจ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื˜ื™ื™ืช ื”ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ืžืขืœื”. ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื—ื—"ื™ ืชืชืงืฃ ืืช ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืชื™ื”, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืชื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช, ืืช ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืžืžืฉื•ืชืŸ ื•ืืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืชื™ื•ื•ืขืฅ ื‘ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืง, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื ื— ืœืคื ื™ื” ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื ืจื—ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื™ืฆื™ืจืช "ื›ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ" ืฉืชืฆืžืฆื ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื—ืฉืžืœ, ืื™ื ื• ืฉืงื•ืฃ ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชืžื•ื ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื’ื•ื™ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช. ืขืœ ื—ื—"ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ " ื›ืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ" ืชื’ื•ื‘ืฉ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ืืกื“ืจื” ื•ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจื•ืงื—ื•ืช ืืฃ ืฉืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืจื•ืงื—ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื ืžืฆื ื‘ืžืขืงื‘ ืžืชืžื™ื“ ื•ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืจื•ืงื—ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื•ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืจื•ืงื—ื™ื ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ืขืงื‘ ื”ืจื—ื‘ืช ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื ื•ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ืงื—ื™ื, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ืœืจื•ืงื—ื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื• ืš. ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื’ื ืœื ืืคื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ืœืคื™ ืžื™ืงื•ืžื ื”ื’ืื•ื’ืจืคื™, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืจื‘ื™ื. ืืฉืจ ืœื”ืงืžืช ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช - ื—ืœื•ืคื” ื–ื• ื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ืœื”ืžืœืฆืช ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ "ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ" 99 ืฉื‘ื• ื›ืชื‘ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” : "ืืžื ื ืชื›ืœื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืœืžื–ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžื–ื•ืŸ, ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืœืืจืฅ ื•ืฉื™ื•ื•ืงื•, ืื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืžื™ื™ืชืจ ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื™ืชื‘ืฆืข ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื•ืฃ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืื—ื“ - ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืœืžื–ื•ืŸ... ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืชืฉืงื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืงืžืช ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืžื•ื“ืœื™ื ืืคืฉืจื™ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื". ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื• ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื•ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœื ื˜ื™ืœืช ืชื›ืฉื™ืจ ืจืคื•ืื™ ื”ื•ื ื•ื•ืœื•ื ื˜ืจื™. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืžื™ื ื• ืื—ืจืื™ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช, ืื•ืœื ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ืžืชืžืฆื” ื‘ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื”ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืื•ืชื ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช. ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืงืฆื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืœืื™ืกื•ืฃ ื™ื–ื•ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™ ืžืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืชืงื‘ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืขืฉืจื•ืช ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ืœื•ื•ืื™, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ืคืกืงื” ืคืขื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืืœื” ื”ืฆื˜ืžืฆื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืœื”ืงื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืชืฉื•ืœื‘ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื”ื, ืฉืชืืคืฉืจ ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ื ื’ื™ืฉ ื•ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ ืขืœ ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™ ืžืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื, ื•ืฉื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืืœื” ื™ืจื•ื›ื–ื• ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืžืขืจื›ืช ื›ื–ื• ืชืืคืฉืจ ื’ื ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ืคื•ืš: ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืžื™ื“ืข ืชืจื•ืคืชื™ ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืœ ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืœื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื”ื, ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืกื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื. ืขื•ื“ ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื•ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืขืœ ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™. ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืœืจืขื ืŸ ืืช ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ืื—ืจืื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื”ืชืจื•ืคืชื™ ื•ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžื”ื ืœื™ื–ื•ื ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืชื•ืคืขื•ืช ื”ืœื•ื•ืื™. ืขื“ ืœืžื•ืขื“ ืก ื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2016 , ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ื”ืžื™ื•ื‘ืื™ื ืœืคื™ ืชืงื ื” 29 , ื•ืœื ืžื™ืคื” ืื•ืชืŸ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื”ืžื ื›"ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2012 . ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื ืฉืืจ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื”, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืืœืฅ ืืช ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื™ื™ื‘ื ืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ื–ืืช ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื ืžืฆื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื—ืœื•ืคื™ ืื—ืจ.
ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ืฉืงื™ื™ืžืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืจื•ืงื—ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื—ื•ื– ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉื‘ืžื—ื•ื–. ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–, ืฆืคื•ืŸ, ื—ื™ืคื” ื•ืืฉืงืœื•ืŸ- ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ื™ืฉ ืžืกืคืจ ืจื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื” ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืœื›ืœ ืจื•ืงื— ืฉืžื•ืขืกืง ื‘ืœืฉื›ื” - 267 ,139 ,138 ื•-135 ื‘ื”ืชืืžื”, ืœืขื•ืžืช100 ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืžื—ื•ื–ื•ืช ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ื“ืจื•ื.
673
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ื”ืคืขืœืช ื—ื“ืจื™ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื” ืฉื”ืชืงื™ื ื” ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืขืžื“ืช ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื’ื ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืขื–ืจ, ืกื ื™ื˜ืจื™ื ื•ื˜ื›ื ืื™ื ืžืกื™ื™ืขื™ื ื•ืืฃ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™, ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืชืงื ื™ ื”ืกื™ืขื•ื“. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ื ืฉ"ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ - ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื - ืืช ืชืงื™ื ืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื”ืกื™ืขื•ื“ื™, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื ืชื•ื ื™ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืฆื•ืข, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืชืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืกื˜ื ื“ืจื˜ื™ื ืฉื™ืขื ื• ื”ืŸ ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืŸ ืœืฆืจื›ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืจืชืช. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื–ื•, ืื™ืŸ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืื‘ ืจื‘ - ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœื™ื” ืชื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ื“ืจื™ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื–ื•, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื‘ื™ืฆืข ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ืฉืชื›ืœื™ืชื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ืœื”ืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื, ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืืคื™ื•ื ื™ื”ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื - ืœืžืฉืœ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื“ืžื•ื’ืจืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”, ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืชื—ืœื•ืื” ื•ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื, ื•ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืฆืคื™ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืคื™ื–ื•ืจ ื”ื’ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ืฉืœ ื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื—123 . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืขื™ืจ ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืื™ ื ืื•ืช ื•ืจืื•ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืื‘ ืืฉืจ ืชื“ืจื’ ืืช ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ื•ืœื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช124 . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžืœืฆืชื• ื–ื• ื•ืžืขื™ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืœืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืฉืžืคืขื™ืœ 11 ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืื‘ ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื—ื“ืจื™ ื ื™ืชื•ื—. ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืฉืžื™ืžื•ืฉื” ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื–ืžืŸ ืžืžื•ืฉืš, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื™ืงื™ื™ืžื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ืกื“ื•ืจื” ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืจื‘-ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืœื”ืงืžื” ื•ืœื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืฉืœ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ื“ื•ืช - ืื ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืœืชื›ื ื™ืช ืื‘ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืื ื›ืžื˜ืœื” ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืข ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืจื‘-ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืฉืชืงื‘ืข ืืช ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ืช ืœื”ืงืฆืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœ. ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืขืจื™ื ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื ืœืชื•ืคืขืช ื”ืชื•ืจื™ื ื”ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื ืจืง ื‘ืฉื ืช 2013; ื•ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2016 , ื”ื•ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืคืจืก ื ื‘ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื91 . ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉืœืžืฉืจื“ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืžืชื™ื ื™ื, ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืœื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื, ื”ืชืคืœื’ื•ืชื ืœืคื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ื•ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ื’ื™ืื•ื’ืจืคื™ื™ื; ื™ื•ืฆื ื’ื ืฉืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืœื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื ื‘ืฆืจ ืžื”ื ืœืฉืงืœืœ ื ืชื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ืขืช ืฉื”ื ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ื• ื™ื ื•ืชื—ื•. ืืฉืจ ืœื›ืœืœื™ืช - ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื“ื” ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฉื›ื™ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืœื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื, ืื•ืœื ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ืขื” ืœืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ืฉืžืžืชื™ื ื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืจ, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืงืฆืจ ืืช ืžืฉืš ื”ื”ืžืชื ื”. . ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืช ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื™ื’ื‘ืฉื• ืืช ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืœืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืชื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื™ื™ืชื ื• ืืช ื“ืขืชื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ื ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื™ืฉืงืœื• ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ื ื•ืœื”ื’ืžื™ืฉื. ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืืœืคื™ ืฉืขื•ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื ื•ืฆืœื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื44. ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืกื•ืŸ ืื•ืจืš ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืฉืขืชื™ื™ื ื•-40 ื“ืงื•ืช, ื‘ื•ื•ืœืคืกื•ืŸ ืฉืขื” ื•-45 ื“ืงื•ืช ื•ื‘ื ื”ืจื™ื” ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืขื”, ื”ืจื™ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž- 2,000 ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ืฉืœื›ืื•ืจื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ืฆืข ืœื• ืขืžื“ื• ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืคืจืงื™ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื. ืขืœื” ืฉื”ื ื”ืœื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื ื—ืงืจื• ื•ืœื ื ื™ืชื—ื• ืืช ื”ื—ืกืžื™ื ื”ืžื•ื ืขื™ื ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข, ืœื ื”ืคื™ืงื• ืœืงื—ื™ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื’ื ืœื ื”ื˜ืžื™ืขื• ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืœื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืžื”ืŸ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ, ื•ืืฃ ืœื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืื ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืื• ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืžืœืืŸ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืœื”ื ื”ืœื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื•ืœืคืกื•ืŸ, ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ืกื•ืŸ ื•ื ื”ืจื™ื”, ืœืื—ืจืื™ื ืœื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ื”ื, ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื•ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื™ ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื“ืคื•ืก ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื’ืจืชื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื - ืฉื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื• ื™ื•ื ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-40 ื“ืงื•ืช, ื—ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื•ื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืžื ื•ืชื— ืœื—ื“ืจ ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื•ืขื“ ืœืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ื”ืจื“ืžื”, ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืจื™ืงื™ื ืœืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืœืคื ื™ ืกื™ื•ื ื™ื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื•ื™ืฉ ืคืขืจ ืœื ืกื‘ื™ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ ื”ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืœื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ื‘ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ืื—ืจ ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืชืงื™ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืืœื•, ื‘ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืœืงื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™, ื•ื‘ืชืคืขื•ืœ ืœืงื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื—. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžืžืœืื™ื ืืช ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื•ื›ื™ ืื™ื ื ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ืืช ื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื—, ืฉื”ื ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืคื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืžืงื‘ืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ - ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉื”ื•ื–ืžื ื• ืœื ื™ืชื•ื—. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื–ื•, ื”ืื™ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ืืฃ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื ื•ืชื—ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืžืชืืจืš ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื. ื”ื ื”ืœื•ืช ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœื ืคืขืœื• ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืื™ื—ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื”ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืืœื• ืœ"ืื™ื—ื•ืจื™ื ืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ื•ืฉื’ืจืชื™ื™ื".
ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ - ื›ืžืืกื“ืจ ื•ื›ื‘ืขืœื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื - ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœืช ื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืื—ืจ ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื (ื”ืŸ ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ื“ื—ื•ืคื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ืกืกื™ื•ืช), ื•ืจืื•ื™ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื›ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ืคื ื•ืช ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืชืื’ื™ื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช (ืื—ืจื™ 15:00 ) ืจืง ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื. ื’ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืคื™ืชื—ื” ืžื“ื“ ืฉื‘ื•ื“ืง ืืช ื ื™ืฆื•ืœืช ื—ื“ืจื™ ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ืื—ืจ ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื, ื•ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืชืขืฉื” ื›ืŸ.
674
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™-ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื”ืœืœ ื™ืคื” ื•ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื-ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื ืฉ"ื ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืœืœ ื™ืคื” ืื ื”ื™ื ืžืชื™ืจื” ืœื”ืขืกื™ืง ืืช ื”ืจื•ืคื ื”ื‘ื›ื™ืจ ื•ื”ืžืชืžื—ื” ืงืจื•ื‘ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื•, ื•ื‘ืื™ืœื• ืชื ืื™ื. ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืœืœ ื™ืคื” ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืœืืœืชืจ ืืช ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœืžื ื™ืขืช ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ืœ ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ื”ืœื” ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื’ื ืงืฉืจื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ื˜ื•ืคืœื• ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื™"ืจ ื•ื ืฉ"ื. ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“, ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžืืกื“ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืœืงื™ื•ื ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืžืชืื™ืžื” ืœืžืชืŸ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืื™, ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช. ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื–ื• ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืœืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื•, ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืœืœ ื™ืคื” ืœื”ืงืฆื•ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžื˜ื” ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื‘ื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืœืœ ื™ืคื” ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืจืคื•ืื”, ืœื”ืฆื˜ื™ื™ื“ื•ืช, ืœื”ืงืžืช ืžื—ืœืงื•ืช ื•ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืชื ืื™ ื”ืืฉืคื•ื– ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืืฃ ื”ื, ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงืชื•. ืžื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืืคื•ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื” ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืœื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ; ืื™ืŸ ืืฃ ื“ื•ื— ืฉืžืฆื™ ื’ ืฉื›ืจ ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ ื•ืžืœื ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืฉืžืชืงื‘ืœ ืžื›ืžื” ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช - ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ื”ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื. ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื, ืื™ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืกืš ื”ื›ื ืกืชื ืžื”ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ - ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžื”ืชืื’ื™ื“. ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2009 ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืงื•ื“ื ื•ืฆื™ื™ืŸ: "ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืื™ืŸ ืจืื™ื™ื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืฉืœ ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืง. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ื ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืฆืขื“ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื ืงื•ื˜"78. ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ2008 , ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ืœืื•ืชื• ื“ื•ื—, ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื™ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ืœืคืจืกื ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืจื•ืคืื™ื, ืื•ืœื ืขื“ ืœืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ื”ื•ื ืœื ืคืจืกื ืžื™ื“ืข ื›ื–ื”. ืขื•ื“ ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืืฃ ืื™ื ื• ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืขื ื”ื•ืจืืช ืชื›"ื 15.3.1 ื‘ื ื•ืฉื "ืคืจืกื•ืžืช ืžืกื—ืจื™ืช ื—ืกื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื•ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ื›ื ืกื™ื", ืฉื‘ื” ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ (ืื• ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ืกืžืš) ื™ื”ื™ื” ืจืฉืื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืคืจืกื•ืžืช ืžืกื—ืจื™ืช , ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช ืื• ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืœื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉ ื›ื›ืœืœ, ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืœืœ ื™ืคื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื•ืœืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช. ืขืœ ื”ื”ื ื”ืœื” ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื•ืœื”ืงืค ื™ื“ ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืชืงื™ื ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขื™ืกื•ืง ืฉืœ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช, ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื“ื™ ืคืขื ื‘ืคืขื ืื ื™ืฉ ืจื•ืคืื™ื ืฉืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ืื• ื‘ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืงื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื•ื˜ืจื ื”ืกื“ื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื”ืกื“ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ.
ื™ืฉ ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื˜ืจื ื’ื™ื‘ืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืจื‘ - ืฉื ืชื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื-ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื, ื–ืืช ืืฃ ืฉืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื—ื–ืจ ื•ื”ืขื™ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืจืคื•ืื™ ืจืื•ื™, ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื, ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื›ื–ืืช, ืฉื‘ื” ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืš, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืฅ ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช. ื‘ื”ื›ื ืช ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืช ื›ืœืœ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื•ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ื“ืขืช ืขืœ ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืืฃ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื›ื•ืœื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื”ืกื›ืžื” ืขืœื™ื”, ืขืœ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื” ื•ืขืœ ืœื•ื— ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื”.
675
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช . ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืžืœื•ื—1 ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืžืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ ืจืง ืœืืกืคืงืช ื—ืœืง ืžืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžื•ืฆืขื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ. ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืžื˜ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ืœื ื ื—ืชืžื• ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื™ืชืจ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœื ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืื• ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช. ืœืื•ืจ ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื›ืจื” ืœื”ืขืกื™ืง ืืช ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืž ื˜ืคืœื™ื ื”ืคืจื”-ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ืžื•ืœ ื”ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื, ืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ืฉืœ ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื•ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืื™ืชื ื•ืชืŸ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ, ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื, ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืจืฆืฃ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ ื•ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื’ื•ืจื ืžื ื”ืœ ืื—ื“ (case manager) . ืคื™ืฆื•ืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื•ื ืชื™ื ืชื ืœื ืชื—ืช ืงื•ืจืช ื’ื’ ืื—ืช ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื ื–ืงืงื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืชื—ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžื ื•ื’ื“ ืœื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื’ื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื›ื‘ื™ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื›ืžื” ืกื•ื’ื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื ื™ื™ื“ืจืฉื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืžื•ืœ ื›ืžื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ. ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืืžื ื ืœื ืงื‘ืขื• ืžื”ื• ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื”ืจืฆื•ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงืฆื•ืข, ืื•ืœื ืžื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ืžืชืจืฉื™ื 5 ,ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืงืœื™ื ืื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ืžืจืคืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื•ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืชืจืคื™ืกื˜ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื•ื ื”ืืจืฅ ืœื›ืœ 1,000 ื ืคืฉ ืงื˜ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืžืžืกืคืจ ื ืœื›ืœ 1,000 ื ืคืฉ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ. ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืฉืคื™ืข ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขืœ ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื”. ื›ืคื™ ืฉืขื•ืœื” ืžืชืจืฉื™ืžื™ื 3-1 ,ืœืขื™ืœื–ืžื ื™ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืœืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ื“ืจื•ื ื—ื•ืจื’ื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” - ืขื“ ืฉืœ ื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื - ืžื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืข ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื›ืžืืกื“ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื›ื’ื•ืฃ ืžื ื—ื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ื•ื ื”ืื—ืจืื™ ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช; ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืœืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื–ื™ืงื” ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืคืจื” - ืจืคื•ืื™. ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื›ื–ืืช ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืื•ืชื• ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืืจื•ืš ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืžืชืื™ืžื”. ื–ืืช ืขืœื™ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืžืœ"ื’ , ื”ืื—ืจืื™ืช ืœื›ืš ื‘ื”ื™ื•ืชื” ื”ืžืืกื“ืจืช ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืœื•ื— ื–ืžื ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื”ืชืงื™ื ื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื•ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื”, ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžืฉื™ืžืชื• ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช. ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื™ืงื‘ืข ืื ืื™ืŸ ื›ื™ื•ื ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ืื• ืื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืฆืคื•ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ื‘ืื•ืช, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ืฉื˜ื— ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช, ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืžื•ืชื•ืช ื”ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“88 . ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืช ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืืงื“ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืžืœ"ื’/ื•ืช"ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” , ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืœ"ื’ ืœื ืžื™ืคื• ืืช ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื”ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื”ืคืจื”-ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื - ืงืœื™ื ืื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช, ืžืจืคืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ืกื•ืง ื•ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืชืจืคื™ืกื˜ื™ื - ืชื•ืš ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื’ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืžื”ื• ื”ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื”ืงื™ื™ื. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืœืœื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื”ื—ืกืจ, ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ื”ืžืœ"ื’ ืœื ื’ื™ื‘ืฉื• ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืืจื•ื›ืช ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ื•ืกืคืช ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืืจืฅ ืฉื‘ื”ื ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื›ืš. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืกื›ื™ื ืœืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ ืืฉืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืกืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื82 . ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืœืžืคื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืขืฆื™ืจืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื•ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืชื™ืงื•ื ื ื›ืš ืฉื™ื•ืกืจื• ื”ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื›ืกื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื.
ื‘ื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืชืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื™ืœื“ ื•ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืคืขื•ื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืžืขื•ื ื•ืช ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืคืจื”-ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื ืœื”ื63, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืฉืœ ืงื•ืฉื™ ื‘ื’ื™ื•ืก ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ืคืจื”-ืจืคื•ืื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื™ืขื“ืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื™ื™ืžืฆื ืœื”ื ืžืžืœื ืžืงื•ื. ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ื—ืกืจื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื•ืคื•ืช ืžื•ื ืข ืžื”ืคืขื•ื˜ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืœื• ื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื, ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืื™-ืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ืฉืœื”ื ื•ืœื”ื—ืžืฆืช "ื—ืœื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช" ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ื•ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื”ืœืš ื—ื™ื™ื”ื, ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ืฉืžืฆื•ื™ ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื”ื’ื™ืจื” . ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืกื“ืจืช ืžืขืžื“ื ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื–ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ืื "ื ืชื™ื‘" ืชืžืฉื™ืš ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื›ื ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื•ื’ื™, ืื ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืื• ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืชืจืฉืžื•ืช ื›ืœืœื™ืช ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื‘ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื•ืช ืขื ืœืฉื›ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื”, ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื ื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื›ืš ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ื ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืžื™ื, ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืชื” ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ. ืื ื ืžืฆื ืฉื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื” ื”ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ืฉืœ "ื ืชื™ื‘", ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืกืžื›ื•ืชื” ื‘ื›ืชื‘, ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ, ื•ืœืคืจืกืžื” ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ืื "ื ืชื™ื‘" ืœื ืชื•ืกืžืš ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื›ืš, ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืœืืœืชืจ ืืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. .1. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืžื ื”ืœ ืื’ืฃ ืžืจืฉื ื•ืžืขืžื“ ื‘ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ ื”ืคื™ืฅ ืœืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื•ืœืžื˜ื” ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ ื•ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2015 ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืœื™ืš ืžื“ื•ืจื’ ืฉืœ ื–ืจื™ื ืžืืจื™ืชืจื™ืื” ืื• ืกื•ื“ืŸ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืžืขืžื“ ืื–ืจื—ื™ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื, ืืš ืœื ื›ื•ืœื, ืขื•ื ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื“ืจืช "ืžืกืชื ื ื™ ื"42 , ื“ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื–ืจื™ื ืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžื”ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืขื ืžืฆืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื›ื—ื•ืง ื•ื ืชืคืกื• 43 ื•ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ ื–ื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื. ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2016 ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืืœื• ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืขื•ื“ื›ื ื• ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ืœื ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. 2. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ื”ื•ืกืžื›ื” "ื ืชื™ื‘", ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื–ื›ืื•ืช ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ื ื•ื–ื›ืื™ ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ื ื™ ื•ื™ื•ืฆืื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืžื™ื, ื•ืœื ื”ื•ืกืžื›ื” ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื›ื ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’ ื•ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื›ืื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ืŸ ื”ื–ื•ื’ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืช, ืื’ื‘ ืฉืงื™ืœืช ื‘ืงืฉืชื• ืœืื™ื—ื•ื“ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช. ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื–ื›ืื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ืŸ ื”ื–ื•ื’ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœืขืœื•ืช ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื’ื ืœื ื”ื•ืงื ืชื” ืœ"ื ืชื™ื‘" ื‘ื—ื•ืง, ื‘ืชืงื ื”, ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ืฉืœ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ืŸ ืื• ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื•ืช. ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืื™ื—ื•ื“ ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื‘ืŸ ื”ื–ื•ื’ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ื™ื•ืฆื ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืžื™ื ืื• ืžื–ืจื— ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื”ืชืจื—ื‘ื”, ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”. ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื’ื ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“ ืฉืœ ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžื—ื•ื“ืฉืช ืฉืœ ืชื•ืงืฃ ืžืขืžื“ื• ื›ืื–ืจื—, ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ืคื ื™ื™ืช ื”ื–ื•ื’ ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœ"ื ืชื™ื‘", ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืฉื ืžืกืจื• ืœ"ื ืชื™ื‘", ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื–ื•ื’ื™. ื›ืœ ืืœื”, ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืกืžื›ื•ืช "ื ืชื™ื‘" ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืืœื” ืขื•ื’ื ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืจืฉืžื™ ื•ืคื•ืจืกืžื”. ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื“ื ื” ื‘ืชืฉืข ืž-12 ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ - ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื ื” - ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ืœืœืฉื›ื”; ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžื”ืŸ ื ื™ื“ื•ื ื• ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื’ืฉืชืŸ ืœืœืฉื›ื”; ื•ืฉืฉ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช ื ื™ื“ื•ื ื• ืฉื ื” ื•ื—ืฆื™ ืขื“ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื’ืฉืชืŸ. ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2015 ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื“ื ื” ื‘ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืž- 12 ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื• ื•ื”ืžืœื™ืฆื” ืœืกืจื‘ ืœื”ืŸ, ืื•ืœื ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช - ืชืฉืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ - ื˜ืจื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ืŸ.
ืžื”ืชืจืฉื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืžืฉื ืช 2011 ื•ืื™ืœืš ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืชืขื›ื‘. ืืฉืจ ืœื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ื‘ืฉื ืช 2013 , ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืœื™ืฉ ืžื‘ื ื™ ื”ื–ื•ื’ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื”ื™ืชืจื™ ืžืช"ืง ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืจืง ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื’ืฉื” ื”ื‘ืงืฉื”. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืื™ 2016 ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ื ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›-%40 ืžื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ื‘ืฉื ืช201450 .
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ . ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืื’ืฃ ื“ื•ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื ื™ื›ืจ ืฉื”ืงืฆืืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื‘ืื’ืฃ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืื™ื ื” ืชื•ืืžืช ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ืœื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2014 ื•-2016 , ืฉื›ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ืื’ืฃ ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉื ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืคื™ ื›ืžื” ืžืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ ืฉืืจ ืื’ืคื™ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื•ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื’ื ื™ื—ื“. ื ื•ื›ื— ื–ืืช, ื•ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืžืœื ืฉืœ ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ืื’ืฃ, ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืฉืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืžืฉื ื” ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ื•ืจืืฉ ื’ ื™ืช"ื, ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืจืืฉ ืื’ืฃ ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื™ื‘ื—ื ื• ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืื’ืฃ ื•ืืช ืžื™ื“ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื ื“ืจืฉ ืžืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื–ื” ืฉื ื™ื. ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืช, ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ื•ืช, ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื™ื•ืช. ืœื ื›ืš ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื›ืžืชื•ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ. ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื–ื” ื—ืžื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ืŸ ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™, ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ, ื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืžื›ืกืคื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื™ื“ืข ืืจื’ื•ื ื™, ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื“ืžื™ืช ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื‘ืขื™ ื ื™ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื™ื ื•ื—ื•ืฅ - ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื™ื. ื‘ืœื™ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืขืžื“ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื—ืกื™ื ื”ืขื›ื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœืจืืฉ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ื›ืคื•ืฃ ืœื”, ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ื’ื‘' ืืจื ื” ืฉืžื—ื•ื ื™ ืขื•ืคืจ ืฉืžืฆื•ืคื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืžื ื” ื›ืจืืฉ ื”ืื’ืฃ, ื•ื™ืชืจื” ืžื›ืš, ื›ื“ื•ื‘ืจืช ืฉืืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืชื“ืžื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžืฆื™ืืช ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืœืžืฆื‘, ื•ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœื”ื™ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื. ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ืจืืฉ ืืž"ืฉ ื“ืื– ืžืจ ืจื•ื ื™ ืžื•ืจื ื•, ืฉื‘ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื”ืชืงื•ืคื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ื›ื™ื”ืŸ ื’ื ื›ืžืฉื ื” ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ื•ืจืืฉ ื’ื™ืช"ื, ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืฉืืช ืœืžืฆื™ืืช ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืœืžืฆื‘. ืขืœ ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืืœืชืจ ืœืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืงื™ื™ื, ื•ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื•ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื”. .ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืขื™ืœืช ืคื˜ื•ืจ ื–ื• ื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืžืฉื”ื‘ "ื˜ ืขื ื›ืžื” ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื, ืืฃ ืฉื ื™ื›ืจ ื›ื™ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืขื™ืกื•ืงื ืื™ื ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœื”ื’ื“ืจื” ืฉืœ "ื”ืกืคืง ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ": ืฉื ื™ ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืœื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื–ืจื” (ื‘ืฉืคื•ืช ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื•ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช); ื™ื•ืขืฆืช ืœืชืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ื•ืœืฉืขืช ื—ื™ืจื•ื; ื•ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื ื™ื•- ืžื“ื™ื” ื•ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื ืชื ื” ืืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจื” ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื” ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื‘ื“ืงื” ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืขืžื™ืงื” ืื ื ื›ืŸ ืื•ืชื ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœื”ื’ื“ืจื” "ื”ืกืคืง ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ", ื”ื™ื ื—ื˜ืื” ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื•ืœืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ืขืœื™ื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืคื ื™ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืขืœ ืื—ืช ื›ืžื” ื•ื›ืžื” ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ื•ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืงื”ืœื™ ื”ื™ืขื“ ืฉืžื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื•ื ืžืขื ื™ืง ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. ืžืฉื›ืš, ืžืœื‘ื“ ื”ืงืžืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืžืขืžื“ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื•ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืงื”. ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ื•ืจืืฉ ื’ื™ืช"ื, ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื ืฆื™ื‘ืช ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืงื™ืฃ ืืช ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื— ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื’ืคื™ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื•ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžืช ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ืื’ืฃ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื•ืœืฉื›ืช ืžื  ื›"ืœ, ื•ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืœื, ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืžืขืจืš ื•ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš, ืจืื•ื™ ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœ- ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช ืœื ื•ืฉื ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืคืงืช ืœืงื—ื™ื ืžื”ืŸ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžื ื›"ืœื™ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ืื•ื“ื™ ืฉื ื™ ื•ืžืจ ื“ืŸ ื”ืจืืœ, ืœืจืืฉ ืืž"ืฉ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ืจื•ื ื™ ืžื•ืจื ื• ื•ืœืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ืฉ"ื ื’ื‘' ืื™ืœื” ื’ื•ื ืŸ ืืฉืจื™ ืฉื’ื ื‘ื”ื™ื ืชืŸ ื”ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืง ื–ื”, ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ืงื” ืœืื™ -ืื™ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื” ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืื™ื•ืฉ ืงื‘ืข ื‘ืžืฉืš ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื. ืงืœ ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืจื” ื‘ื›ื™ืจื” ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื˜ื™ื™ื‘ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืชื“ืžื™ืช ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ.
ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืœืŸ ืœื ืคืจืกื ืžืฉื”ื‘ "ื˜ ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืื™ื•ืฉ ื”ืžืฉืจื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืžืœื ืžืงื•ื; ื”ื•ื ื’ื ืœื ืงื‘ืข ืžืกืคืจ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื”, ืœื ืขืฉื” ื”ืœื™ืš ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืกื™ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื ื›ื™ื ืก ื•ืขื“ืช ืงื‘ืœื”. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืœ ื ื ืžืฆืื• ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื›ืœ ืืกืžื›ืชืื•ืช ื”ืžืชืขื“ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ื ืขืฉื• ื•ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืืช ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœืฉืขื‘ืจ ืžืจ ืื•ื“ื™ ืฉื ื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ื”ื:
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืžื ื”ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ืฆื”_ืœ ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืคื ื” ืœืจืืฉ ืื’ืฃ ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ืคืฆืช ื”ืกืงืจ ื’ื ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ืื’ืฃ, ืื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืจื‘ ืœืฉืชืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืฆื“ื•, ื ื‘ืฆืจ ืžืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžืช ื”ื”ืคืฆื” ืœื–ื›ืื™ื ืฉืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœืจืฉื•ืช ืื’ืฃ ืฉื™ืงื•ื. ืขื ื–ืืช ืžืฆื ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”ืกืงืจ. ืขืฆืžืื•ืชืŸ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืข"ืจ ื”ื™ื ืชื ืื™ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ืŸ ื•ืชืคืงื™ื“ืŸ. ืงื™ื•ืžื ืฉืœ ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื™ ื ื•ืžื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืื’ืฃ ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืข"ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืขืฆืžืื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืข"ืจ. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื™ืชืงื™ื™ืžื• ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืืฉืจ ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื• ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืืช ืื™-ืชืœื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืข"ืจ ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื• ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืขืฆืžืื•ืชืŸ ื•ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœืขื•ืจืจ ืžืจืื™ืช ืขื™ืŸ ืื• ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืžืฉื•ื ืคื ื™ื ืื• ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืข"ืจ ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืขื™ืจื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชืŸ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืื’ืฃ ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืฉ ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืขืฆืžืื•ืชืŸ. ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืขืœื• ื’ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืœืื•ืžื™: ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืœืขื™ืœ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืข"ืจ ืžืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืกื“ืจื” ืžืขืžื™ืงื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชื’ืœื•, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื”ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื‘ื”ืŸ, ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื ืžืฆืื• ืžื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืช, ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื•ื”ืคืงืช ืœืงื—ื™ื ื•ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ื”ืกื“ืจื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœืœื™ื ืื• ื ื”ืœื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ืืฉืจ ืชืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื•ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื  ืžืฆืื• ืžื•ืฆื“ืงื•ืช. ื™ื•ืขืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื’ื ืขื ืจื•ืคืื™ ื”ื•ื•ืข"ืจ, ื•ื–ืืช ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืžื™ืฆื•ื™ ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ. ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืฉืขืฉื” ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ื•ื•ืข"ืจ ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2006 (ื‘ืขืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžืช) ืœืขื•ืžืช ืฉื ืช2016 ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื’ื ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืœืžืฉืš ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ื•ื•ืข"ืจ ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืคื—ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืชื™ืงื™ื ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ื“ืœ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืชื™ืงื™ื ืฉื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ื ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื‘ืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื‘ืชืจืฉื™ื 6 ืฉืœื”ืœืŸ ื™ื•ืฆื’ื• ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉื:
ื ื•ื›ื— ื–ืืช ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืื’ืฃ ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ื‘ืชื™ืื•ื ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืข"ืจ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื”ืจื›ื‘ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ืชืžืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื‘ื™ืขืช ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื” ืชืื ืœืžืžืฆืื™ื ืฉื™ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืขืœื™ื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื”.
679
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ . ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ืง ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ืœืฆื”_ืœ ื•ืขื ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื™ื ืœื’ื™ื•ืก ื™ื•ืฆื ืืคื•ื ื›ื™ ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ืžืชืงืฆื‘ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื”ื›ื ื” ืœืฆื”"ืœ ื“ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-16 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื—, ืืฃ ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื• ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžืžื ื• ืื ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ ืขืœื• ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื–ื•, ื•ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ืžื™ื“ื” ื”ื•ื ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœืžืœื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื™ื• ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื”ื›ื ื” ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ. ืœื›ืŸ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืจืืฉ ื”ืื’ืฃ ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืžืขืžื™ืงื” ื•ืžืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื›ืœืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื’ืฃ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื”ื›ื ื” ืœืฆื”"ืœ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ืฉื‘ื”ื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœื”ืชืžืงื“, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืžื” ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืื• ืœืฉืคืจ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื‘ืื™ืœื• ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืจืจ ืื ืžื˜ืจื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ืื›ืŸ ื”ื•ืฉื’ื•. ืืžื ื ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื”ืงื™ื ืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืœืขื™ื“ ื•ื“ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช, ื›ืฉื ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื™ื–ื ืืช ื”ืงืžืชื•, ืื•ืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ื™ืขื“ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ื ื”ืžืชื’ื™ื™ืกื™ื ืœืฆื”"ืœ, ื ื“ืจืฉ ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื’ื ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจื™ืืœื™. ืœืœื ืžืขืงื‘ ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ืฉืœ ื“ืจื’ ื–ื” ืื—ืจ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื•ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื•ืช, ืื ื™ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื›ืืœื”, ืœืžืฉืœ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ืฉืจื™ื ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ืช, ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืฉื™ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ื ื”ืžืชื’ื™ื™ืกื™ื ืœืฆื”"ืœ. .ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ื—ืกืžื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”ืื’ืฃ ื•ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืฆื”"ืœ ืœื ื”ืขืœื• ืœืคื ื™ ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืคื•ืจื•ื ื”"ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ืขื’ื•ืœ" ืืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื‘ื“ื•ืื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืคืขืจื™ ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื” ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืืจืฅ ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ื ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื›ื ื™ืกืชื ืฉืœ ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืืœ ื”ื›ื™ืชื•ืช . ื–ืืช ืืฃ ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืงื˜ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ื™ื•ืก ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ ืœืฆื”"ืœ. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืจืช"ื— ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ื ืœื ื ืงื˜ ื™ื•ื–ืžื” ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืืœื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ื”ื ืืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช, ื•ืจืืฉ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืืฃ ืœื ืคืขืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืจืช"ื— ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ื ื™ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ ืคื•ืจื•ื ื”"ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ืขื’ื•ืœ". ื’ื ืกื’ื ื™ืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืžืกืจื” ืœื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืžืจืฅ 2017 ื›ื™ ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ ืœื ืขืœืชื” ืœื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืคื•ืจื•ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืจืช"ื— ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืจื•ื ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื•ื”ืขืœืืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช, ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื”ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœื‘ืŸ ืืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจืชืŸ. . ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื›ื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ื ื•ืขืจ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื–ื• ื›"ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ืžื™ืงื•ื“", ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื”ืื’ืฃ ื•ืฆื”"ืœ, ืœื”ืชื•ื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžื ื›"ืœ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ื ืœื”ืชื ื“ื‘ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืขื™ื’ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื”ืชื ื“ื‘ื•ืช ืœื’ื™ื•ืก ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžื ื›"ืœ, ื”ืขืœืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื–ื” ื‘ืคื•ืจื•ื ื”"ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ืขื’ื•ืœ", ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ื•ื”ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ื™ื ืชื ื• ื‘ืฉื˜ื— - ื‘ื›ืœ ืืœื” ื™ืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื“ืœืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืžืชื ื“ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ื ื•ืขืจ ื”ื‘ื“ื•ืื™ื ืœื’ื™ื•ืก ืœืฆื”"ืœ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืื’ืฃ ื›ื™ ื’ื ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ืžื—ืงืจ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืจืื™ื•ื ื•ืช, ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืžื™ืงื•ื“ ื•ืฉืืœื•ื ื™ื, ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืžืฉื•ื‘ ืžืขืžื™ืง ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื•, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ื”ื•ืฆืืชืŸ ืœืคื•ืขืœ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื• ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื”ื›ื ื” ืœืฆื”"ืœ.
.ืžื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื’ื™ื•ืก ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ื’ื“ืœ ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื”. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœื ืขืžื“ื” ื‘ื™ืขื“ื™ ื”ื’ื™ื•ืก ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื•ื”ืคืขืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื’ื™ื•ืก ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื• ืœืคื™ ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื”ืœืš ื•ื’ื“ืœ ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™ื, ืž- 1.4% ื‘ืฉื ืช2013 ืœ-11% ื‘ืฉื ืช2016 , ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืคื™ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืขืจืš.
680
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ืจื–ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” - ืชืงืฆื•ื‘, ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื•ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช .ื‘ืกืขื™ืฃ "ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืื—ืจื•ืช" ื ืžืฆืื• ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื—ืฆื™ ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื— ืฉืœื ื ื›ืœืœ ืœื’ื‘ื™ื”ืŸ ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืœื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืœืฉื ื™ื 2016-2015 ื•ืœืฉื ื™ื 2018-2017 . ืœื ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืฆืขืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืœืกืขื™ืฃ "ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช" ืื™ื ื” ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืกื‘ืจ ื›ืœืฉื”ื, ื”ื™ื ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืกืขื™ืฃ ืชื—ื•ื ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืฉื - "ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช" (ื›-3 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื— ื‘-2017 ), ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืฉื- "ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช" (ื› -1.7 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื—) ื•ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืคืขื•ืœื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืฉื "ืจื–ืจื‘ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช" (ื› -0.5 "ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ ื—). ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ื”ืกืขื™ืฃ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื›ื•ืœืœ ื’ื ืชืงื ื•ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื, ืฉืœื ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืžืฉืžื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ืžื” ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ืŸ. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืื’ืฃ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื•ื, ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ืฉืžื•ืช ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื”, ื”ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ื•ื™ื”ื™ื” ื ื”ื™ืจ ืœืื“ื ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ, ื•ืœืคืจื˜ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืืœื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืข ืื’ืฃ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืชื•ืจืžื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ืื•ืœื ืขืœ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืจื–ืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื•ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ืœืžืฆืขืจ ืœืชืงืฆื‘ ืืช ืกื›ื•ืžื™ ื”ืจื–ืจื‘ื” ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ืจืžืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจื ื‘ืจืžืช ืชืงื ื”. ืคืจืกื•ื ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืœืื—ืจ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื›ื ืกืช ืื™ื ื• ืžืกืคืง ืืช ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืกื•ื’ื™ ื”ืจื–ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ืŸ ื•ืกื›ื•ืžืŸ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. . ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืฉื• .ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืกื”"ื› ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื•ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื—ื•ืงื™ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช .(ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืฉ"ื—) . ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2016-2012 ืชื•ืงืฆื‘ื• ื‘ื™ืชืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืชืžืฉืš 42 ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ืขื•ื“ืคื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืžืฉื ื” ืงื•ื“ืžืช ื”ืŸ ืฉื™ืžืฉื• ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื›ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืคื—ื•ืช. ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืฉื ื™ื 2016-2012 ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื• ื› - 0.7% ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืกืš ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ืขื‘ืจ ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ื“ื•-ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื - ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2012 ื•-2014 - ื›-2.2 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื— ื•ื›-4.1 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ื”ืชืืžื”, ืฉื”ื ื›- 0.8% ื•ื›- 1.3% ืžืกืš ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ืืœื” ื‘ื”ืชืืžื”. ื’ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2013 ื•-2015 , ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื ืงื‘ืข ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื•ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื ื” ื‘ื”ืชืืžื”, ื–ื•ื”ื• ืจื–ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื™ืชืจ ืžืชืžืฉืš, ืืš ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืžืกืš ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” (ื› - 0.6% ื•ื›- 0.3% .)ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืฉื ืช 2016 , ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉื ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ื“ื•-ืฉื ืชื™ ืœืฉื ื™ื 2016-2015 , ืคื—ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื—ืกื™ ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืขื•ื“ืคื™ื ื›ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื›ืกืคื™ื - ื›- 0.5% ืžื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘, ืืš ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื› -1.8 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื— ืชื•ืงืฆื‘ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ื”121 . ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ืืœื• ืžื”ืจื–ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืžื•ื™ื ื•ืช ื›ืจื–ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2016-2014 ื”ื™ื• ื›-23%, ื›-28% ื•ื›-12% .ื‘ื”ืชืืžื” ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืœืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืฉื™ืžืฉื• ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื”ืขื‘ืจื” ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ื ืžืฆืื• 18 ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืฉื™ืžืฉื• ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื”ืขื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืฆื™ืžื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ื 2016-2012 . ืกืš ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืืœื” ื‘ืฉื ืช 2014 ื”ื™ื” ื› -1.4 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื— (ื› - 0.4% ,)ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื– ื•ื‘-2016 ื”ื•ื ื™ืจื“ ืœื›-1.1 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืฉ"ื— (ื› - 0.3% ืžื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘). ืฉื‘ืข ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืžืฉื• ืžืงื•ืจ ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื›ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืขืฆื™ืžื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ื›ืœ ื—ืžืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื“ืงื•, ื•-11 ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืžืฉื• ืžืงื•ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื. ื‘ื›-33% ืžื”ืขื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืขืฆื™ืžื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”122 ื”ื•ืขื‘ืจ ืกื›ื•ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืž-%50 .ืžืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช
ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืจื–ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื™ืชืจ ืžืชืžืฉืš ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืœืงื•ื™ ื•ืœื ื™ืขื™ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘. ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ืžืฆื™ื’ ืœืžืžืฉืœื”, ืœื›ื ืกืช ื•ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉื’ื•ื™ื” ื•ื—ืกืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ืืฃ ืฉืœ ื™ืขื“ื™ื”ื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื. ื”ื™ืžืฆืื•ืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืžืฉื•ืช ืœืžืขืฉื” ืจื–ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื™ืชืจ ืžืชืžืฉืš ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืชื•ืจืžืช ืœื”ืฉืคืขืช ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืื’ืฃ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืกื“ืจ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื•ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ื›ื ืกืช. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืขืฆื™ื ืืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืื’ืฃ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ื•ืžื‘ื™ื ืœื’ื™ ื“ื•ืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื•ืžื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช, ืฉื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœืืฉืจ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ื•ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื‘ืฉื ืช 2016 ื™ืจื“ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืžืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ืฉืœ ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื™ืชืจ ืžืชืžืฉืš. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืžื’ืžืช ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืชื™ืžืฉืš. ืขืœ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืขื™ืœ ื•ืžื•ืงืคื“, ืœืงื™ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืชืงืฆื•ื‘ ื”ื™ืชืจ ื”ืžืชืžืฉืš ื•ืœืฉืงืฃ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืžื™ืŸ ื™ ื•ืชืจ ืืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื ืฉืœ ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ื›ื ืกืช.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœืงืจืืช ืชื•ื ื–ื™ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจืช ืงื• ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ืื™ืœืช ืืฉืงืœื•ืŸ ื‘ืข_ืž .ื“ืจืš ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœืงืจืืช ืชื•ื ื”ื–ื™ื›ื™ื•ืŸ, ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื•ื”ืกื“ืจ ืช ืžืขืžื“ ื ื›ืกื™ ื”ื–ื™ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืงื™ื ื” ื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื” ืืช ืžื™ืจื‘ ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ืœืžืฉืง ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืขืœ ืฉืจ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืฆื•ื™ื ื• ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื–ื” ื•ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื ื›ืกื™ ื”ื–ื™ื›ื™ื•ืŸ, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืžื™ืจื‘ ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ืœืžืฉืง ื•ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื“ืจืš ืคืขื•ืœืชื• ื–ื• ื ืคื’ืขื” ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื ืคื’ืข ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืกื’ืŸ ื”ืžืจื—"ื, ืฉืฉื™ืžืฉ ื™ื•"ืจ ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช, ื›ื™ ืื™-ื”ืคื ื™ื™ืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืชืฉ"ืŸ ืœืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง, ืฉื‘ื• ืขืกืง ืกื’ืŸ ื”ืžืจื—"ื ืžืžืจืฅ ื•ืขื“ ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2016 , ืืฃ ืฉื”ืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ื ื’ืข ืžื”ื•ืชื™ืช ืœืขืชื™ื“ื” ื”ืขืกืงื™ ืฉืœ ืชืฉ"ืŸ, ืžืขื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืžื™ืœืื” ื›ืจืื•ื™ ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” - ืกื™ื•ืข ื•ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืขืกืงื™ื”18. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื•ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ืœืžื ื› "ืœ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ื›ื™ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืœื ื ืขืฉื” ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืฉืœ ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ืกืคืง ืื ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืฉื’ื™ื‘ืฉ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืฉืื™ืฉืจื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืฆืขืชื• ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื” ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช ืœืžืฉืง ื•ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื’ื ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื”ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ื›ื™ ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื™ื—ืฉืคื•ืชื” ืœืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง, ื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืชื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืฆืขื” ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื•ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืขืฉื” ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื16 , ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื›ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžื•ืคืงื“ ืขืœ ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื”ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื•ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื•ื”ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืืžื•ืจื” ืœื”ืกืชืžืš ื•ื›ืŸ ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืชื™ื” ืžืžืื™ 2017 ,ื™ืฉ ืกืคืง ืื ื”ื™ื ื‘ื—ื ื” ืœืขื•ืžืง ืืช ื”ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืชื™ื™ื ืฉื ื‘ืขื• ืžื”ื™ื•ืช ืงืฆื"ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืื—ื•ื“ื” ื”ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื ื˜ื™ืช ื‘ืžืงื˜ืขื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืขื ืฃ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ืœืง, ืืช ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืขืœ ื”ืจื™ื›ื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื•ืืช ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืง.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืืžื ื ื™ื™ื“ืข ืืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืคืฆืช ืชื–ื›ื™ืจ ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื‘ืืชืจ "ืงืฉืจื™ ืžืžืฉืœ", ืื•ืœื ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช ื‘ืœื•ื— ื–ืžื ื™ื ื“ื—ื•ืง; ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืœื ื•ื™ื“ื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืขื ืฃ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ืœืง - ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืชืฉ"ืŸ, ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ื‘ืขื ืฃ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื“ืœืง - ืื›ืŸ ื ื—ืฉ ืคื• ืœืชื–ื›ื™ืจ. ื‘ื›ืš ืคื’ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืฉืชื™ืช ื‘ืžืฉืง ื”ื“ืœืง, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืชืฉ"ืŸ, ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉืจื™ื ื•ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื•ื›ืŸ ื’ืจื ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉืจื™ื ื•ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืืฉืจ ืืช ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืขืœ ืกืžืš ืžืฆื’ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืžื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืืฃ ืฉืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ื–ืžืŸ ืžืกืคื™ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง .
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ื ืช_ืข - ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืกืขืช ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืข_ืž . ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื - ื—ื‘ืจืช ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืข_ืž ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื ืช"ืข ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื˜ืจื ืื•ืชืจื• ื›ืœ ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช. ืขืœ ื ืช"ืข ืœืืจื’ืŸ ื•ืœืจื›ื– ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื•ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืœืชืขื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืขืœ ื•ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืชืคืงื•ื“ื” ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ื‘ืงืจื” ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ืื™ื ื• ืžื ื•ื”ืœ ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืจื›ืฉ, ืืœื ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืจื ื‘ื ืช"ืข ืฉื™ื•ื–ื ืื•ืชื•. ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ื”ื ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ื ืช"ืข, ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืจื›ืฉ, ืฉืœื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืœืขื“ื™ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืื’ืฃ ื”ืจื›ืฉ ื›ื’ื•ืจื ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื•ืžื•ืžื—ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื, ืื™ื ื• ืžืืคืฉืจ ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืจื›ืฉ ืžืจื•ื›ื– ื•ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื•ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื”ืคืจื“ืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื, ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืฆืžืฆื ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืžื ื•ืข ืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช. ืขืœ ื ืช"ืข ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืจื›ืฉ, ื•ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ืš ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื”ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช. ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืฉืœ ื ืช"ืข ืœื ืงื‘ืขื” ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื” ืืช ื”ื™ืงืคื” ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืื• ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืž ืจื‘ื™ ื”ื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ื”; ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ืืœื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืชื–ืจื™ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืœื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ ืœืžืชืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื›ื™ ื‘ื‘ื•ืื” ืœืืฉืจ ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืขื ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ื, ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืชืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืชื™ื” ืืช ื”ื™ืงืคื” ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืžืฉื•ืขืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ืื• ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืžืจื‘ื™ ื”ื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ืื™ืฉืจื” ืืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืชืขืจื™ืคื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ื›ืš. ื ืช"ืข ื”ืขืจื™ื›ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช, ื‘ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช, ืืš ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืื™ืฉืจื” ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืชืขืจื™ืคื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ ื‘ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืœื ื“ื ื” ื‘ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื“ืœื” ื›ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื ืช"ืข ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืžืกืžื›ื™ ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื‘ืื’ืฃ ื”ืจื›ืฉ, ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืจื‘ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืื™ืชื•ืจื ื•ืื™-ืžืฆื™ืืช ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ื™ื ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืฉืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™. ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื–ื• ืžืงืฉื” ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื•ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ื‘ืงืจื” ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ืช.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืชืขืจื™ืคื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ืžืฆื“ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜, ืืฉืจ ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื›ื™ ืžื ืขื” ืžืžื ื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ ื”ืฆืขื” ื”ืขื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืฆืจื›ื™ื”.
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ื ืช_ืข - ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืกืขืช ื”ืžื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืข_ืž . ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื•ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช - ื—ื‘ืจืช ื ืชื™ื‘ื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ืข_ืž ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื ืช"ืข, ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืขืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื•ื™ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืžื›ืจื–, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœื ื™ื™ืคื’ืขื• ื”ื‘ืงืจื” ื•ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื—, ืืš ื™ื‘ื™ืื• ืœืงื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืœื ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืžืžื•ืขื“ ืคืจืกื•ื ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืงื“ื, ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2012 ื•ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ืžื›ืจื– ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2016, ื—ืœืคื• ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืงื™ืจื•ื‘. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ืืจื•ืš ืžืื•ื“, ืฉื‘ืžื”ืœื›ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ื•ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืื• ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืžื•ื™ื ื•, ื”ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื›ืจื– , ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื›ืืฉืจ ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื‘ื”ืœื™ืš ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ืฉื”ืชืืจื’ื ื• ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืžื˜ืจื” ื–ื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื—ืฉื›"ืœ, ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ืœื ืช"ืข ื›ื™ ื—ื™ืœื•ืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื” ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืขื›ื•ืจื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื—ืžื•ืจื” ื•ืœื ืชืงื™ื ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช, ื”ืžื•ืคืงื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื. ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื–ื• ื˜ื•ืžื ืช ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžืžืฉื™ ืœืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžื ื›"ืœื™ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื›ืžื™ ืฉืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ืจืืฉ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื•ื™, ื›ื™ ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื—ืกืจ ื•ืœื ืฉืœื ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื”ืชืงื™ืŸ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžืืคืฉืจ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื”. ืขืœ ื”ืžื ื›"ืœื™ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžืขืŸ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื•ื™, ื›ืš ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื•ื™ ืชื›ื•ื ืก ื‘ืชื“ื™ืจ ื•ืช ื ื™ืื•ืชื” ื•ืฉื”ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœื™ื ื™ืฉืงืคื• ืืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช; ืœืžืขืŸ ืชื™ืขื•ื“ ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื” ื•ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœื™ื ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ื•ื—ืชื•ืžื™ื; ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื•ืชื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืขืžื“ื• ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืก ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื•ื™. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื”ื™ื’ื•ื™ ื•ืœื ืช"ืข ื›ื™ ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœืžื›ืจื– ื‘ืจืžืช ืžื•ื›ื ื•ืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืกืคืงืช ื“ื™ื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ืžืฉืื‘ื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื•ืœืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜. ืขืงื‘ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื” ื•ื”ื™ืงืคื ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ืขืœื™ื” ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืœืงื—ื™ื ืžืžื›ืจื– ื”ืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ื™ืขืจื›ื•ืชื” ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ื˜ืจื ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ืžื›ืจื–. ื–ืืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงืฆืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื‘ืขืชื™ื“ ื•ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื’ื ื”ื, ื›ืžื• ืžื›ืจื– ื”ืงืจื•ื ื•ืช, ื™ื™ืžืฉื›ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืœืื—ืจ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2017 , ื˜ืจื ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื“ื•ื— ืกื•ืคื™ ื”ืžื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืืช ืชืฉื•ื‘ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”, ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช ืฉืžืกืจื” ื ืช"ืข ืœื™ื“ื™ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื•ืืฃ ืฉื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ื”ืกื›ื™ืžื” ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืืช ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช.
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ืฆื‘ื ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ . ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื—ืจื•ืจื ืžืฆื”_ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืฉื ื™ืชื ื• ืœืกื’ืœื™ ื”ืช"ืฉ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ื”ื•ื‘ ืœื” ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื›ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœ ื›ื—ื™ื™ืœ ื‘ื•ื“ื“ ืœื ืขืœื• ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืกืคืจ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืช"ืฉ. ืœื”ืœืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื: ืขืœ ืจืข"ื ื™ืช ืช"ืฉ, ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืžืขื˜ืคืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ, ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืืช ื”ื˜ืžืขืชื• ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2017 ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ืžื•ืคืช ื•ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืกื’ืœื™ ื”ืช"ืฉ. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžื•ืงื“ ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืžื ื”ืœ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืฉื“ื•ื•ื— ืœื• ื›ื™ ื”ื ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืคืจื•ืคื™ืœ 24 . .ืขืœ ืื›"ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ื”ืขื•ืจืฃ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™, ื‘ื ืคืจื“ ืžืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืžื—ื•"ืœ, ื•ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื—ื‘ื™ืœืช ืกื™ื•ืข ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืขืœ ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื”, ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืฆื”"ืœ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ืžืžืฉืœื” ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืชื ืื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ื”ืขื•ืจืฃ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™; ื•ืœืืชืจ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจื ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ ืœื™ื•ื•ื™ ืฉื™ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืงืจืืช ื’ื™ื•ืกื ื•ื™ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื—ืจื•ืจื ืžืฆื”"ืœ. ื–ืืช, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ื”ืขื• ืจืฃ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื”ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื—ืจื•ืจื. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื”, ื›ื™ ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ืžืงื™ืคื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ -ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช, ื”ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื” ื”ืŸ ืืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืงืœื™ื˜ืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ื—ืจืจื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ื”ืขื•ืจืฃ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช, ื•ื”ืŸ ืืช ืฉืžื™ืจืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืžื—ื•"ืœ ืขื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื•ื‘ื ืœืืจืฆื•ืช ืžื•ืฆืื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืœื ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื”ืฉืชืœื‘ื•ืชื ื‘ืืจืฅ; ืœื ืžืชืงื™ื™ื ืืชื ืงืฉืจ ื™ื–ื•ื; ื•ืื™ืŸ ื’ื•ืจื ืœืื•ืžื™ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื—ื™ ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื•ื—ืจืจื™ื ื•ื“ื•ืื’ ืœืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืœื ืงื™ื™ื ืžืื’ืจ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ืืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืืœื” ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื—ืจื•ืจื.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืื›"ื ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉื”ืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืฉืžืฉืชื—ืจืจื™ื ื–ืžื ื™ืช ืžืฆื”"ืœ ืžื•ื›ืจ ื•ื™ื“ื•ืข ืœืื›"ื, ืขื“ ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2017 ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœื—ื™ื™ืœ ื‘ื•ื“ื“ ื”ืžืฉืชื—ืจืจ ื–ืžื ื™ืช ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช, ืœืžืขื˜ ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืœืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช ืœืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื ืืœืฆื• ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืกื™ื•ืข ืžื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื, ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ืชื›ื ื™ืช "ื›ื ืคื™ื™ื". ืขืœ ืื›"ื ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืฉื”ื•ืกื“ืจ ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืขื•ื ื” ืขืœ ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขืช ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื–ืžื ื™ ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืžื•ื‘ื ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื. ืขืœ ืื›"ื ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืืช ืจืฆื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ืœื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื’ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ืฉื—ืจื•ืจ ื–ืžื ื™ ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช; ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืžืชืŸ ืกื™ื•ืข ืื—ื™ื“ ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื”ื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื–ื”; ื•ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื”ื–ื“ืงืงื•ืชื ืœื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื. ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืœืฆืœื•ื— ืืช ืชืงื•ืคืช ืฉื—ืจื•ืจื ืขื“ ืœื—ื–ืจืชื ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืช.
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ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ . ืžื—ื•ื– ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ ื•ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” (ืฉ_ื™) ืฉืœ ืžืฉื˜ืจืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืœื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืฆื”"ืœ ื ืชืŸ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ื–ื™ืจืช ื”ืื™ืจื•ืข ื‘ืคื•ืจื•ื ืžื—"ื˜ื™ื. ืขืœ ืฆื”"ืœ ืœื”ื˜ืžื™ืข ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื• ื•ืงืฆื™ื ื™ื• ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื–ื™ืจืช ืื™ืจื•ืข ื• ื‘ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืืช"ืŸ ืž"ื™ ื›ื™ ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื–ื ืช ื’ื–ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืขืœื™ื• ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืชื‘ื™ืขื” ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ื™ื–ื™ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ืืช ื’ื–ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ืŸ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ื‘ืขืชื™ื“. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืฉื‘"ื› ื›ื™ ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื‘ืžืขื ื” ืœื‘ืงืฉื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžื—ื•ื– ืฉ"ื™ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืืžื ื” ื›ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืžื—ื•ื– ื’ืจื ืœื›ืš ื›ื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ื’ื•ืจืžื™ ื”ืžื•ื“ื™ืขื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื—ื•ื–, ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื™ืขื“ื•. ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืฉื‘"ื› ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ื™ืขืจืš ืœืชืช ืœืžืฉื˜ืจื” ืžืขื ื” ื’ื ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืกืœืžื”, ื•ืื ื™ื—ื•ืœื• ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ืž"ื™ ื‘ื›ืš. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืž"ื™ื›ื™ ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืชื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ืžื—ื•ื– ืฉ"ื™ ืœืžืžืฉ ืืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื‘ื˜"ืค ืื“ื•ืžื™ื ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืคืœื•ื’ืช ืžื’"ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ืขื‘ืจื” ืœืžื—ื•ื– ืœืชื›ืœื™ืช ื–ื•, ืœื ื”ื•ื›ืคืคื” ืืœื™ื• ืคื™ืงื•ื“ื™ืช ื•ื”ื™ื ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœืžืœื ื’ื ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืฆื”"ืœ ื•ืœืž"ื™ ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืืœืชืจ ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื”ืคืœื™ืœื™ืช ื‘ื›ืคืจ ื-ื–ืขื™ื.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืœืž"ื™, ืœืฆื”"ืœ ื•ืœืžื ื”ื"ื– ืขืœ ื”ืชืžืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืžืžืฉืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืชืขื‘ื•ืจื” ื‘ืื™ื•"ืฉ. ืคืขืจื™ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืืคืฉืจ ืชื ื•ืขืช ื›ืœื™ ืจื›ื‘ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ืจืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ ืื™ื•"ืฉ, ื•ื”ืžืฉืš ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืฉืœ ื ื”ื’ื™ื ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื ื ืฉืœืœ. ืžืฆื‘ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื–ื” ืžืกื›ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ ืื™ื•"ืฉ ื•ืžื•ื ืข ืื›ื™ืคื” ื™ืขื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ืง. ืขืœ ืž"ื™, ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืžื ื”ื"ื– ื•ืฆื”"ืœ, ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืžืžืฉืงื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืชืขื‘ื•ืจื” ื‘ืื™ื•"ืฉ, ื•ืœื˜ืคืœ ืžื™ื“ื™ืช ื‘ืคืขืจื™ื ืฉืขืœื• ืžื•ืœ ืžืชืค"ืฉ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืื›ื™ืคื”.
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ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืจื•ื—ื‘ . ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ื ื˜ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืžืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื•ืœื” ื—ืฉืฉ ื›ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžื•ื•ืชืจื™ื ืขืœ ืกืœ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืขืงื‘ ื”ื ื˜ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ ื”ื›ืจื•ืš ื‘ืงื‘ืœืชื•, ื•ืžื›ืืŸ ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืคื™ืฉื•ื˜ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื•ืœืงื™ืฆื•ืจื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช: ืขืœื™ื• ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ืžืจื‘ื™ืช ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉื™ื™ืžืฆืื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ื• ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืกืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ืื•ืชื• ื•ืœื ื™ื•ื•ืชืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื”ื ื˜ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืœืคืฉื˜ ืืช ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืกืœ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืœืคืฉื˜ ื•ืœื”ื ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื˜ืคืกื™ื ืฉืขืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืžืœื, ืœืžื ื•ืช ืžืกืคื™ืง ืื ืฉื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืœื•ื•ืช ืืช ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ืกืœ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื™ืฉืจื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ื•ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœืงืฆืจ ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืืช ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืžื”ืžื•ืขื“ ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืชื™ื”ืŸ ื•ืขื“ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ืื•ืœื ืจืง ื—ืœืง ืžื›ืœ ืืœื” ื ืขืฉื”, ื’ื ื–ืืช ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ืจ ื ื™ื›ืจ, ื›ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืœื”ืœืŸ. 1. ื˜ืคืกื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืกืœ ืฉื™ืงื•ื : ืœื ื›ืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืกืœ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื; ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ืกืœ ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื‘ืงืฉื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ื›ื” ื•ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืฆืจื›ื™ื•, ืฉืขืœื™ื”ื ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข. ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื ื›ื” ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืžืœื ื˜ื•ืคืก ืืจื•ืš ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ 20 ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื. ื‘ื˜ื•ืคืก ื ื›ืœืœื™ื13 ื—ืœืงื™ื ืืฉืจ ืืช ืจื•ื‘ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืœื ืจืง ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื, ื‘ื”ื ื“ื•ื— ืจืคื•ืื™ ืฉืขืœ ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื™ืื˜ืจ ื”ืžื˜ืคืœ ืœืžืœื, ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœืžืœื, ื•ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืขืœ ืจื•ืคื ืœืžืœื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื ื›ื” ื”ื ืคืฉ ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืฆืจืฃ ืœื˜ืคืกื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื•ืžื™ื“ืข ืจื‘ - ืœืžืฉืœ, ืœื˜ื•ืคืก ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื. ืžืงื•ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืืฆืœ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื80 . ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืžืืœื™ื• ื›ื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืœื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื ื›ื” ื ืคืฉ; ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ื ื›ื” ื”ื ืคืฉ ืœืกืคืง ืžื™ื“ืข ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื ื˜ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ ืžื™ื•ืชืจ. ื’ื ืจืืฉ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ืžืกืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืžืื™ 2011 ื›ื™ ื ื›ื” ื”ื ืคืฉ ื ื–ืงืง ืœืกื™ื•ืข ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื˜ื•ืคืก. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื’ื•ืจื ืžื•ืกื“ื™, ื›ืžื• ืžื•ืกื“ ืืฉืคื•ื–, ืžืคื ื” ืืช ื”ื ื›ื” ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื, ืื™ืฉ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ืžื”ืžื•ืกื“ ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœื• ื‘ื›ืš, ืื•ืœื ื—ืœืง ืžื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืคื•ื ื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ืื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืžืชืงืฉื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ื’ื•ืจื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ืฉื™ืกื™ื™ืข ืœื”ื ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื˜ื•ืคืก. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2009 ืกื™ื™ืžื• ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื ืกื— ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื”ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ. ืื•ืœื ืขื“ ืœืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช - ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2011 - ื˜ืจื ื”ื—ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื ื•ืกื— ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื•ืคืก. ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ื–ื”, ืขืงื‘ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™, ืœื ืกื™ื™ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื˜ื•ืคืก ืœื ื›ื™ ื”ื ืคืฉ ืฉืคื ื• ืืœื™ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืขืฆืžืื™ ืื• ื‘ื ืžืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืงืฉื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ืกืœ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœื• ื”ื ื–ื›ืื™ื. . ื™ื•ืฆื ืืคื•ื ื›ื™ ื’ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขืœ ื”ืชื ืขืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš, ืื•ืœื ื”ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืจืง ื‘ื—ื™ืชื•ืœื™ื”. . ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืื’ืฃ ื”ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ืžืคืขื™ืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืžืžื ื” ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ืืจื’ื•ื ื™, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื” ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืžืขืงื‘ ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืžืฆื‘ืŸ (ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ), ืžื” ืงืจื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ืœืื”. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืืช ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ. ืžื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืœืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2011 ., ื˜ืจื ื”ื—ืœื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™, ืœื–ืจื– ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ืขื“ ืื– ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืงื‘ืฆื™ื ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืืœื™ื”ืŸ ืžืžื™ืœื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™. ืœื—ืœื•ืคื™ืŸ, ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ืžื‘ืงืฉื™ื ื”ื ื—ื” ื‘ืืจื ื•ื ื” ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื—ืชื•ื ืขืœ ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžืกืžื™ืš ืื•ืชืŸ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื‘ืฉื ื”ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืžื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ.
.ืžื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื•ืžื”ืกื‘ืจื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ืฉืขืœ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื•ื˜ืœ ื ื˜ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืจื•ืงืจื˜ื™ ืขื•ื“ืฃ ืฉื›ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื™ืชื ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืขืœ ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื•ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ืคื™ื ืืœื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ ืื• ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ื™ืคื•ื™ ื›ื•ื—. ืจืื•ื™ ืืคื•ื ืฉืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืžืกื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ื™ืคืขืœื• ืœืฆืžืฆื•ื ื ื˜ืœ ื–ื”, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžืื’ืจื™ ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื™ื™ืคื•ื™ ื›ื•ื— ื›ืคื™ ืฉืคื•ืจื˜ ืœืขื™ืœ.
688
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื•ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื›ืคืจ . ืชืžื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ืžืขื ืงื™ื ืœื—ืงืœืื™ื ืžื˜ืจืชื• ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืกืžืš ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฆืžืฆื•ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื”ื™ืชืจื™ื ืœื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื–ืจื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ืงืœืื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกื›ื•ืช ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ื•ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื. ืืฃ ืฉืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-100 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ืœื—ืงืœืื™ื ืœื˜ื•ื‘ืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืืœื•- ื”ื ื›ืฉืœื• ื‘ื”ืฉื’ืช ื™ืขื“ื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžืกืžืš ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช: ื”ืžืขื ืงื™ื ื ื™ืชื ื• ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ืงืœืื™ื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืกืคืง ืจื‘ ืื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื, ื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ื‘ื“ ืžืฆื‘ืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื”ื–ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2011 ืœื ื–ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืœื ืงื•ืฆืฆื” ืืœื ืืฃ ื’ื“ืœื”, ื•ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ ืฉืจืืœื™ื ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื–ื ื™ื— ื•ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืคื—ื•ืชื” ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ื™ืขื“. ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื›ื™ ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื˜ืจื ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืขื•ื“ ืžืขืœ ืœ-100 ,ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืชื• ืœื—ืงืœืื™ื ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ื”ืกื›ื, ืืช ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื• ื•ืืช ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ืฉื‘ื•, ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžืช ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืกื• ื•ืขืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื•ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืชื™ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืคื—ืชืช ืžื›ืกืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื–ืจื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื›ื™ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืกื›ื ื”ืžื™ื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืขืœืืช ืชืขืจื™ืคื™ ื”ืžื™ื ืžื—ื“ ื•ืžืชืŸ ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื ืžืื™ื“ืš. ืžืชืŸ ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ื›ืกืคื™ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื™ื™ืงื•ืจ ืชืขืจื™ืคื™ ื”ืžื™ื ืœืฉื ื™ื 2005 -2006 ืื™ื ื• ืืœื "ื“ืœืช ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ืช" ืœืžืชืŸ ื›ืกืคื™ื ืœื—ืงืœืื™ื ืฉืžืžื™ืœื ืื™ื ื” ืžืงื“ืžืช ืืช ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ื”ืกื›ื. . ืžืฉืจื“ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื›ื™ ื“ืจืš ืชืคืงื•ื“ื• ื”ืŸ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืงื‘ืข ืืช ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื•ืช, ื”ืŸ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืžืชืŸ ืžืขื ืง ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืฉื˜ืจื ืื•ืฉืจื” ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขืฆื ื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ 2011 ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2010 , ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœืงื•ื™ื”, ื›ืคื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ืฆื ื ืชืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืขื ืงื™ื ืœืจื›ื™ืฉืช ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืฉืฉื™ื“ืจื’ื• ืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื—ืงืœืื™ื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžื•ืช, ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืงื•ืฆืฆื” ืžื›ืกืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื–ืจื™ื. ืžื”ืืžื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืœื ื–ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ืœื ืงื•ืฆืฅ ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื”ื–ืจ ืœืฉื ืช 2011 , ืืœื ืฉื”ื•ื ืืฃ ื’ื“ืœ, ื•ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื ืชื ื” ืžืขื ืงื™ื ื‘ืกื›ื•ื ื”ืขื•ืœื” ืขืœ 100 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืฉ"ื— ืœืฉื ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืชืื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืฉืœืฉืžื” ื ื™ืชื ื• ื”ืžืขื ืงื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ - ืฉื›ืŸ ืœื ื–ื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืœื ืคื—ืชื” ืžืฆื‘ืช ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ื”ืœื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ืืœื ืฉื–ื• ืืฃ ื’ื“ืœื”. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2010 ืื™ืฉืจ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืืช ื”ืขืกืงืชื ืฉืœ 19 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“; ืขื“ ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ 2011 , ืœืื—ืจ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื”ื’ื™ืฉื• 42 ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœื”ืขืกืงืช161 ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื, ืื•ืœื ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื˜ืจื ื“ืŸ ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืžืžื™ืœื ื”ื•ื ืœื ืื™ืฉืจ ืื•ืชื. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ื’ื ืฉื”ื•ืงืฆื• ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ื”ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœื ื”ื•ืฉื’ ื”ื™ืขื“ ืฉืงื‘ืข ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื•ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ืœื ื’ื“ืœ ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืžืกืคืงืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืœื ื“ื™ื—ื•ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ืžืกืžืš ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื’ื ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช ืœืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื–ืจ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืœื—ืงืœืื™ื ื”ื•ื ื‘ื’ื“ืจ ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืฉืื™ื ื” ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช "ื”ื”ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืฆืžื™" ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืงืœืื™ื, ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžืขื ืงื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืชืŸ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืง. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืžืฉืืกืจ ื”ื—ื•ืง ืขืœ ืชืฉืœื•ื ื›ืคืœ ืžืขื ืงื™ื ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืจืฉืื™ ืœืขืงื•ืฃ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ืื• ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช . ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืื›ื™ืคื” ืขืœ ืžืชืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ,ืžืกืžื›ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขื•ืกืงื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ืืกื“ืจื” ืฉื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื• ื•ื‘ื”ื ื”ื˜ืžืขืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื”ืŸ, ื”ืงืฆืืช ืชื“ืจื™ื ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื•ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ. ื ืžืฆื, ื›ื™ ื”ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžืคืจื˜ื™ื ืืช ืขืžื“ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ืื›ื™ืคื”. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืคืขืœืช ืžืขืจืš ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืคืขื•ืœืชื ืฉืœ ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืชื’ื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ืื›ื™ืคื”. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืชื• ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ืขืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืจื—ื‘. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ืงื‘ืขื” ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ืืžื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉืขืœ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืงื™ื•ืžื ืฉืœ ื”ืชื ืื™ื ื•ื”ื”ื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื˜ืœื• ืขืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื”ืื’ืฃ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืœื”: ืกื“ืจื™ ื”ืขื“ื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœื ืงื•ื˜, ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืชืช ื‘ื”ื ื”ื“ื’ืฉื™ื, ื”ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ื•ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื‘ ื”ื ื”ื•ื ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื•ืžื—ื•ืฆื” ืœื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœืชืขื“ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœื™ื ื•ื‘ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืฉื•ืจืฉื™ื” ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื•ื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ. ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœ ืคื” ื•ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžืกืžื›ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืจืฉืžื™ื™ื ืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ื”ื ื—ื™ ื•ืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ื”ืŸ ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืœื›ืœื›ืœ ืืช ืฆืขื“ื™ื”ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืื ืœื‘ืฆืข ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ ื•ืจืฆื•ืฃ. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ืฉื•ื˜ืคืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื’ืฃ ื•ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ืžื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื”ืžื ื—ื™ื ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืื›ื™ืคื”. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ ื™ื ื”, ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื ื”ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœืงื™ื•ื ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ืื›ื™ืคื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื•ื•ืช ื’ื ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืœืงื™ื•ื ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ืช ื•ืกื“ื•ืจื”, ื”ืžื™ื•ืขื“ืช ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื™ืขื“ื™ื ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื’ื“ืจืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืื™ื ื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœื”ืกืžื›ื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช, ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื‘ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉ ืื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืกืžื›ืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ.
ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ืคื™ืจื˜ื” ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืืช ื”ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ื›ื ื ื•ืช ื•ืืช ื”ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ืื›ื™ืคื”, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžื™ืขื“ ื™ื—ื™ื“ - "ื”ืงื ื™ื™ืช ื›ืœื™ ืื›ื™ืคื”" - ืฉืžื˜ืจืชื• ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ื˜ืœืช ืขื™ืฆื•ืžื™ื ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจื’ื™ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ . ื”ืกืคืงืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืจืคื•ืื” ืœื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฆื”_ืœ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ โ€“ ืžืžืฆืื™ ืžืขืงื‘ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื“ื’ื™ืฉ, ื›ื™ ืื ืื›ืŸ ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื™ื™ื—ืชื ืขื ืชืฉืขื” ืžื‘ื™ืŸ 11 ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื, ืฉืž ื”ื ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืจื•ื›ืฉ ืฆื”"ืœ ืžืขืœ 40% ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจืคื•ืื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ื•ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื•ื ื™ืช, ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืฉื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืืจืฅ (ืชื”"ืฉ ื•ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘), ืฉื”ื™ืงืคื™ ื”ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืžื”ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ืœืฉืืจ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืืจืฅ15 , ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื”ืกื›ื ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืžื›ืš, ื”ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื–ืžื™ื ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ืขืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ื”ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื ืชื ื• ืœื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ืฆื”"ืœ, ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืฉืืœื” ื™ื’ื‘ื• ืžืžื ื• ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ืฉื™ืขื ื™ืงื• ืœื•. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—, ืฉื’ื ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืืœื” ื™ืชื ื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืจืคื•ืื” ืœื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ืฆื”"ืœ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื•ืกื›ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื. ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2011 , ื›ืืจื‘ืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืกื™ื•ื ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ื•ื˜ืช ื“ื•ื— ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื” ืจืืฉ ื”ื—ื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืœื”ืจื›ืฉืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืืžื•"ืŸ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ื™ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื—ืชื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ื ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื—ื“ืฉ, ื•ื›ื™ ื”ืกื›ื ื–ื” ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื—ืชื™ืžื” ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ื“ื™ืขื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื” ืœื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืืช ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื (ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื•ืชื”"ืฉ) ืœืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื—ืชื•ื ื’ื ืื™ืชื ืขืœ ื”ืกื›ื ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘. ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ 2011 ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ื’ื ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ื™ "ืœืื—ืจ ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ื—ื™ืœ ื”ืจืคื•ืื”, ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ื”ืฆื“ื“ ื™ื ืœื”ืกื›ืžื•ืช" ื”ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžืฉื˜ืจ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ืžื™ื ื•ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ื™ืงืฃ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. "ื‘ืืฉืจ ืœืชืงื ื™ ื”ื”ืขืกืงื” ื•ืื•ืคื™ ื”ืขืกืงืช ืจื•ืคืื™ื", ื”ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื ืžืฉืš. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข, ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืื™ื›ื™ืœื•ื‘ ื•ืชื”"ืฉ ืœื ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืœื”ืกื›ื, ื‘ื˜ืขื ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ื ืœื”ืคืกื“ ื›ืกืคื™, ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืืฉืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืกื›ื ืฉื”ื•ืฉื’ ื•ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื—ืชื•ืจ ืœืฆื™ืจื•ืฃ ืฉื ื™ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืœืœื• ืœื”ืกื›ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืœืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื›ื™ "ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื• ื ื—ืชื ื”ืกื›ื ื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ื•ื‘ื• ื”ื•ืกื›ื, ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ื ื•ืช ืขื“ ืฉื ืช 2010 ืชื”ื™ื” ืœืคื™ ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื”ื™ืฉืŸ", ื•ื›ื™ ืื ื™ื™ืฉืืจื• ืคืขืจื™ื, ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืกื›ื ืกืขื™ืฃ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ืฉื‘ื• ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื ืขืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืš ืชืงื•ืคืช ื–ืžืŸ ืžื•ื’ื“ืจืช. ืขื ื–ืืช, ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื—ืœื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื–ื• ื•ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืชื™ื”, ืืœื ืฉืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื–ื• ื˜ืจื ื”ื•ืฉืœืžื” - ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื™ื ื•ืืจ 2012 ืœื ื ื—ืชื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืกื›ื. ื›ืขืช ืืคื•ื, ื—ืœื” ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžื ื›"ืœื™ื ื”ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืื›ืŸ ื™ื•ืฉืœื ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. ืขืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื•ืขืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืจืคื•ืื” ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ ืœื”ื ื”ื™ื’ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•, ืฉื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื•ืช ื™ื’ื™ืขื• ืœื™ื™ืขื“ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื, ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื™ืจืข ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš, ืขืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื– ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืจืคื•ืื” ื‘ืฆื”"ืœ ื•ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ื™ ื”ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื™ื ืขื ืกืคืงื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“, ื•ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืฉื™ืžื ืขื• ื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืชื•ืคืขื” ืฉืœ ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœืกืคืงื™ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. .ื“ื•ื— ื–ื” ืžืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ืจื›ืฉ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืจืคื•ืื” ืžืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืกื™ืคืงื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืจืคื•ืื” ืœื—ื™ื™ืœื™ ืฆื”"ืœ ืœืœื ืžืกื’ืจืช ื ื•ืจืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจื”, ื ืชื’ืœืขื• ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ ื“ืขื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืืช ืฆื”" ืœ ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืœื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื–ื• ื ื“ื•ื ื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื•ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ื›ื™ ืžื ื›"ืœ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื“ืื–, ืžืจ ืคื™ื ื—ืก ื‘ื•ื›ืจื™ืก, ืงื‘ืข ืฉืขืœ ื”ื”ืกื“ืจ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืœื”ื™ื—ืชื ืขื“ ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2008 . ื›ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ื ืขืฉื”, ื ื“ื•ื ื” ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื ื™ ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืงื“ืฉื• ืœื” ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช - ื’ื ื–ืืช ืœืœื ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช. ื’ื ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ืžื˜ืขื ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ ืœืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืžื ื›"ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื, ืžืจ ืื•ื“ื™ ืฉื ื™ ื•ืคืจื•ืค' ืจื•ื ื™ ื’ืžื–ื•, ืœื™ื™ืฉื‘ ืืช ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช, ืœื ื™ื•ืฉืžื”. ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื ื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ื™ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืงื•ืฉืจ ืขื ืกืคืงื™ื ืœื”ืกืคืงืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืฉืœื ืชืžื•ืจืชื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืคืจืงื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื, ื‘ืชื ืื™ ืฉื”ืกืคืง ืขืžื“ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชื ืื™ ื”ื”ืกื›ื ืขืžื•. ืžืฆื‘ ืฉ ื‘ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื ืืœืฅ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืขืจื›ืื•ืช, ืคืกื•ืœ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ. ืœืคื™ ื”ืžืชื•ืืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืคื™ื’ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ื—ืœื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžื˜ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืชืฉืœื•ื ืœืกืคืงื™ื. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœื™ื™ืขื•ืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš: ืขืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืฆื”"ืœ ืžื“ื™ ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจ ืืช ืงืœื™ื˜ืชืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืจ"ืค ืœืœื ื“ื™ื—ื•ื™, ื•ืขืœ ืžืฉืจ"ืค ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืžื–ืขื•ืจ ืชืงืœื•ืช ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘, ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจืŸ ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ื”ืืคืฉืจื™. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš, ืขืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืขืœ ืžืฉืจ"ืค ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ, ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืืช ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจ"ืค, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ื” ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื›ื™ื•ื. ืขืœ ืืžื•"ืŸ ื•ืื›"ืก ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื™ืฉื•ืœืžื• ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืชื ืื™ ื”ื”ืชืงืฉืจื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื•ืงื•ืค"ื— ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื•ืœื—ืชื•ื ืขืœ ื”ื”ืกื›ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืžื ื•ืข ื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืขืฉ ื•ืช ืœืœื ืžืกื’ืจืช ื ื•ืจืžื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื.
ื ื•ื›ื— ื›ืœ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืชืฉืœื•ื ื‘ื’ื™ื ืŸ, ื•ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื›ื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืคืขื” ืจื‘ืช -ืฉื ื™ื, ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื, ืœืœื ื“ื™ื—ื•ื™ ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืืช ื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื• ืงื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ื“ืจืš ื ืื•ืชื” ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ืชื™ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฆื”"ืœ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืžื•ื—ืฉื‘, ืžืงื•ื•ืŸ ื•ืžืื•ื‘ื˜ื—. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš, ืขืœ ืžืคืงื“ ืžืฉืจ"ืค ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืžืขื›ื‘ื•ืช ืœืคืจืงื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืžืจื‘ื™ ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืืœื” ื”ืชืงื™ื ื•ืช, ืžืขืช ื”ื’ืขืชืŸ ืœืžืฉืจ"ืค ื•ืขื“ ืœื”ืขื‘ืจืชืŸ ืœื”ืžืฉืš ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ื•ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉืœื ื™ื—ืจื’ื• ืžืžื ื•. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ืืžื•"ืŸ ื•ืžืฉืจ"ืค ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœื›ืš, ืฉืœื ื™ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ืœื”ื–ื ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื•ื‘ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ - ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ 1. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืขืžื“ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื—, ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืื—ื“ ืื™ืฉืจื• ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื•ืจืืฉ ืืค"ื™ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉื ื™ ื”ื ืื™ืฉืจื• ืืช ื”ืžืœืฆืชื” ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ื” ืžื™ื™ืขืฆืช ืœืืฉืจ ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง; ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ื ืื™ืฉืจื• ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื™ื™ืฆื•ื ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืขืžื“ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ื•ืคืขืœ ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื›ืจืขื” ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืงื•ืช ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ืชืงื ื•ืช . ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ืกื™ืง ืžืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื” ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”, ืืš ืงื™ื•ืžื ืžืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ ืžื”ื•ืชื™ ื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ื•ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ื™ื. ืœื”ืœืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ื˜: ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื  ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ืจืืฉ ืื‘ื˜"ื ืœื ื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื›ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช. ืžื›ืืŸ, ืฉื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื•ืช ืขื™ืžื• ืื™ื ื” ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœืชื™ืื•ื ืขื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ. ืœื›ืŸ, ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ื›ืžื• ื’ื ืจืืฉ ืืค"ื™, ื—ืจื’ื• ืžืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื•ืคืขืœื• ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื™ืŸ. . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ื›ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืงื™ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื ื–ืง ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืกืžื›ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ. ืžืช ืŸ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื', ืฉืœื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื—ื•ืง ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื—, ืžื ืข ืžืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืžืžืฉ ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื•ื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืืช ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืชื‘ืงืฉ ืœืืฉืจ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืขื‘ื“. ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ื™ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉืžื“ื™ื ื” ื' ืคื ืชื” ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื’ื ืœืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช, ืžืชืŸ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื' ื”ืคืœื” ืœืจืขื” ืืช ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืคืขืœื” ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืจืืฉ ืืค"ื™ ื•ื”ืคืกื™ืงื” ืืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื. .ื“ื•ื— ื–ื” ืžืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื, ื—ืœืงื ืžื”ื•ืชื™ื™ื, ืฉื ืคืœื• ื‘ื—ืžืฉ ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ืžืจ ืื•ื“ื™ ืฉื ื™, ืœื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื“ืคื•ืกื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ. ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื‘ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื ืงื™ื˜ืช ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืงื™ื•ืช, ืœืœื ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื›ืืœื”; ื‘ืื™ -ืงื™ื•ื ื—ื•ืง ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืชืงื ื•ืชื™ื•, ื•ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜; ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ืกื“ื•ืจื”; ื•ื‘ืื™-ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื•ืช ืขื ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืฉืœื›ื” ืžื”ื•ืชื™ืช ืขืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื”, ื›ื™ ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช ืฉื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™, ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืื™-ืžื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื—ื•ืง ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืชืงื ื•ืชื™ื• ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืชื™ืื•ื ื•ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื•ืช ืขื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ, ืžืขืœื” ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืคื’ื™ืขื” ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืืช ื”ืœืงื—ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืžื“ื•ื— ื–ื”, ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื›ืืœื” ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœื ื™ื™ืฉื ื•. ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื  ื” ืจืฉื ืœืคื ื™ื• ืืช ื”ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืžืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2012 , ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ืžืžืฆืื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช "ื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ืชื• ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืžื“ื•ื— ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช". ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ืื—ืจืื™ ืžืชื•ืงืฃ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ื• ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืœืœื™ ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ ื•ืœืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ืŸ. ืœื›ืŸ, ื’ื ืื ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืงื“ื ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื ืจืื™ื ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื›ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืชืขืœืžื•ืช ื•ืœืื™ -ืงื™ื•ื ื—ื•ืงื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื–ื”, ื—ื•ืง ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื”ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ืžืกื“ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื™ื™ืฆื•ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ ืžื˜ืขืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™, ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืฉื ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ื™ืชืจื” ืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื”, ืฉื‘ื”ื - ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื ื™ืžื•ืง ืืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” - ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜, ืžืจ ืื•ื“ื™ ืฉื ื™, ืคืขืœ ืฉืœื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื—ื•ืง ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืœืชืงื ื•ืช ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืคื•ืขืœ ื›ื‘ืขืœ ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื”ื•ืขื ืงื• ืœื• ื‘ื—ื•ืง.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืž ืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื’ื ืื ืžื ื›"ืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื‘ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืืช ื ื•ืฉื ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™, ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ืขื ืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ืœื ืžืฉื•ื ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชืŸ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ืช ืื• ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขืกืงืื•ืช, ืืœื ืžืฉื•ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื—ื•ืฅ.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ . ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืœืื™ื•ืฉ ืžืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืืž "ืฉ ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืœืžื•ื“, ืฉื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ื™ื ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–. ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื ืฆื™ื’ ื”ืื’ืฃ ืฉื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ื™ื ืื™ื ื• ื—ืœืง ืžื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื, ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืœื ืฆื™ื’ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื ื•ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื—ืœืง ืžืžืื’ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื• ื•ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืขืžื“ื” ืžื•ืงื“ืžืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื. ื™ื•ื“ื’ืฉ, ื›ื™ ื”ืชืงืฉื™"ืจ ืงื•ื‘ืข, ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจ ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืœื ื“ืขื” ืงื“ื•ืžื”, ืœืœื ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืœืœื ืžืฉื•ื ืคื ื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืืž"ืฉ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื–ื”, ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื ื‘ื” ื”ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืื™ื ื ืฉืงื•ืœื™ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื•ืงื“ื ื”ืงื™ื™ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื”. ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื›ืš, ืื ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื ืฆื™ื’ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืžื•ืขื‘ืจ ืœื™ืชืจ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื•ืœืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื, ืงื™ื™ื ื—ืฉืฉ ืฉื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืืฃ ืžื•ื˜ืขื™ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืœื›ืื•ืจื” ืœื ืฆื™ื’ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืœื ืœื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื, ืžื ื•ื’ื“ ืœืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช, ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ื• ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžื•ืขืžื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื ื— ื‘ืคื ื™ ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” (ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืจืื• ืœื”ืœืŸ). ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืขืจ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืคืกืงื” 11.463 (ื‘) ื‘ืชืงืฉื™"ืจ ื ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ "ื—ื‘ืจ ื•ืขื“ืช ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ื ื• ื‘ืขื‘ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืขืžื“, ืขืœ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื ืžื•ืฆืœื— ืขืžื• ืื• ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืื—ืจืช ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื™ื, ื™ื•ื“ื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืš ืœืžื•ืขืžื“ ื•ื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœื• ืœื”ื’ื™ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข", ื•ืขืœ ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื›ืœ ืžื•ืขืžื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ ื›ืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื”, ื•ื‘ืคื ื™ ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ ืขืฆืžื• ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืชื’ื•ื‘ืชื•. ืžืŸ ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ื“ืœืขื™ืœ ืข ื•ืœื”, ื›ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื ืชื ื• ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื”, ืื™ื ื• ืžืฉืงืฃ ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ืœืืฉื•ืจื•. ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืกืคืง, ืฉืžื ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื ื™ืชืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื“ื ืžื•ืขืžื“ ื”ืžื•ืขื“ืฃ ืขืœื™ื”ื. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ, ืฉื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื“ืœืขื™ืœ, ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื, ืžื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืœื ืฉื™ืงืฃ ืืช ื”ืฉื›ืœืชื ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ, ื’ื ืœื ื–ื›ื• ื‘ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื 16 ,. ืขื•ื“ ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช, ืžืจื›ื–ื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืฉื ื—ืฉืคื• ืœื’ื™ืœื™ื•ื ื• ืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื ืœื ื”ืขื™ืจื• ืœื™ื•"ืจ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืชืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื”. ื ื•ื›ื— ื–ืืช, ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืืž"ืฉ ื•ืœื ืฉ"ื, ื›ื™ ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ื™ื•ื‘ื”ืจ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื ื•ื”ืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื. ืžื›ืœ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื”, ื›ื™ ื‘ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืžืขืžื“ ื•ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืžืจื—ื™ืงื™ ืœื›ืช ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื™ืชืจ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื”. ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื–ื• ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ืœื™ืš, ื•ืื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืชืงื™ืŸ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ ืคื•ื’ืข ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืืžื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืืž"ืฉ, ื›ื™ ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœืžืฉืจื”, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงื“ื™ื, ืขืœ ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืชื™ื•, ื”ื•ื ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืื™ื ื• ืจืื•ื™ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืžืงื•ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืกืžื ื›"ืœ ื•ืจืืฉ ืืž"ืฉ ื•ืœืจืืฉ ืื’ืฃ ื”ื‘ื— ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื‘ื ืฉ"ื, ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืืช ื”ืœืงื—ื™ื ืžืžื›ืจื– ื–ื” ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื: ื. ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื ื™ืกื•ื— ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ืกืฃ ื•ืขืžื™ื“ื” ื‘ื”ืŸ; ื‘. ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืืฉืจ ืœื ืฆื™ื’ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืขืžื“ืช ื›ื•ื— ื•ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ื•ืžืžืขืžื“ื•. ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ื™ืฉ ืœืจืขื ืŸ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืืช ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื, ืชื•ืš ืžืชืŸ ื“ื’ืฉ ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ื ืฉืœ ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื ืฉ"ื ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ื”; ื’. ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจ ื•ืขื“ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื, ื›ืืฉืจ ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ื’ื ื”ื•ื ื—ื‘ืจ ื•ืขื“ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื. ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ื ืฉ"ื ืžืกืจื• ืœื ืฆื™ื’ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื›ื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืคืจื˜ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ืฉื‘ ืžืฆื‘ ื›ื–ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ืœื ืžืฉืชืชืฃ ื—ื‘ืจ ื•ืขื“ ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื, ืืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืฉื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ืžืžื ื” ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื”ืžื›ืจื–. ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ืืž"ืฉ ื•ืขืœ ื ืฉ"ื ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ, ืฉื™ืงื‘ืข ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื”ื•ื’ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื›ื–ื”. ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืืฃ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืœืชืคืงื™ื“ ื‘ืžื•ืขืžื“ ืฉืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืืช ืžืจื‘ ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ืžืงืจื” ื–ื” ืžืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืืœื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืชืงื™ื ื•ืช ื”ื”ืœื™ืš: ื. ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ื“ืข ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™, ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื•ื”ื›ืฉ ืจื” ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ ื ื•ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™, ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื–ื›ืชื” ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ "ืคื” ืื—ื“" ื‘ืžื›ืจื–; ื‘. ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ืช ืฉื“ื•ืจื’ื” ื›ื›ืฉื™ืจื” ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ื‘ืื•ืชื ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืื•ื“, ื•ืืฃ ืืฆืœ ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื’ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื” ื”ื™ื• ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืœ ื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ื‘ืžื›ืจื–. ืคืขืจ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื”ืกื•ืคื™ืช ืžืขืœื” ืชื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื•ื›ื” ื‘ืžื›ืจื– ื•ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืขืœื” ืชื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” "ืคื” ืื—ื“". ื’ื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื• ืœ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืื™ื ื• ืžืคืจื˜ ื“ื™ื• ืืช ื ื™ืžื•ืงื™ ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืชื•ืจืžืช ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื•ื˜ืขืžื™ื” ืื™ื ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืืž"ืฉ ื•ืœื ืฉ"ื, ื›ื™ ืคืจื˜ ืœื”ืขืจื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื ืฆื™ื’ ื•ืขื“ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืฉ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœ ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื’ื•ืช ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ ืžื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ื ืฆื™ื’ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืžื•ืขืžื“ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืืคืฉืจื• ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื›ืจื–, ืฉืชื•ืฆืื•ืชื™ื• ืžืขื•ืจืจื•ืช ืกื™ืžื ื™ ืฉืืœื” ืœื ืžืขื˜ื™ื.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ . ืื–ื•ืจื™ ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืฉื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื”ืฉื•ืžืจื•ืŸ โ€“ ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืื›ื™ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื‘"ื˜ ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ื•ื›ื™ ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื•ืกื™ื•ืข ื›ืกืคื™ ื™ื™ื ืชื ื• ืจืง ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื•ืฆื’ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ื”ื™ืชืจื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื—ื•ืง. ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืฉื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืชืฉืชื™ืช, ื”ืžื‘ื•ืฆืขื•ืช ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื”ื™ืชืจ ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืง ื•ืœื ืœืคื™ ื—ื•ืง ื—ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื, ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื”ืคืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืงืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœืคื™ื• ืขืœ ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืื™ื ื” ื—ื•ืงื™ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืชื• ื–ื• ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืžืคืขืœื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” "ืžืกื™ืœื”" ืคืกื— ื”ืžื ื”ื"ื– ืขืœ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืกืขื™ืคื™ื: ืžื—ื“ ื’ื™ืกื ืœื ื ื™ืคืง ื”ื™ืชืจื™ ืขื™ืกื•ืง ืœืžืคืขืœื™ื ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” "ืžืกื™ืœื”", ื•ืžืื™ื“ืš ื’ื™ืกื ื”ืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืš ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ืœืœื ื”ื™ืชืจื™ ืขื™ืกื•ืง, ื•ืืฃ ื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื”ื ื”ื™ืชืจื™ื ืœื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื™ื. ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ืžืคืขืœื™ื ืœืœื ื”ื™ืชืจื™ ืขื™ืกื•ืง ืคื•ื’ืžืช ื‘ื™ ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืžื ื”ื"ื– ืœืงื™ื™ื ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ื”ืžืคืขืœื™ื. ืขืœ ื”ืžื ื”ื"ื– ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืฆื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ืขื™ืกื•ืง, ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืขืœ ืคื™ื”ื ื™ื•ื ืคืงื• ื”ื™ืชืจื™ ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง. ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2011 :, ื›ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืคืกื™ืงืช ื‘ื’"ืฅ, ื ื•ืชืจ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ืขื™ื ื• ืžืงืฆืช ืžื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื—ืœื•ืช ืจืง ืขืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื™ื ื•ืจืง ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื‘ืื™ื•"ืฉ, ื•ืื™ื ืŸ ื—ืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ, ื›ื™ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื‘ืื™ื•"ืฉ ืœื ื”ื•ื—ืœื• ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื” ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขืœ ืžืขืกื™ืง ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื‘ืื™ื•"ืฉ, ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœื›ืœืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื•, ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื ื•ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื ื›ืื—ื“ 21 . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ืœืžืจื•ืช ืคืกื™ืงืช ื‘ื’"ืฅ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ "ืงื• ืœืขื•ื‘ื“", ืฉื‘ื” ื ืงื‘ืข, ื›ื™ ื”ืื‘ื—ื ื” ื”ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ื ื™ ื”ืžื•ืขืกืง ื‘ืื™ื•"ืฉ ื”ื™ื, ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืชื™ื”, ืคืกื•ืœื”, ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื˜ื” ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ -ืžืฉืจื“ื™ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืชื—ื™ืงืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื ืžืฆืืช ืจืง ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืชื”. ืขื•ื“ ืžืขื™ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืชืžืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ื›ื ืชื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื•ืช ื”ื“ืขืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื”ื ื“ื•ืŸ ืืฆืœ ื™ื•ืขืž"ืฉ ืื™ื•"ืฉ. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืคืืช ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ืฉื, ืจื’ื™ืฉื•ืชื• ื•ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืœื•ื•ืช ืœื• ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ืคืกื™ืงืช ื‘ื’"ืฅ, ืจืื•ื™, ื›ื™ ืžืชืื ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืฉื˜ื—ื™ื, ืจืืฉ ื”ืžื ื”ื"ื–, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืž"ืช ื•ื™ื•ืขืž"ืฉ ืื™ื•"ืฉ, ื™ืคืขืœื• ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืขื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืชื—ื™ืงืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืื™ื•"ืฉ, ื•ื™ื‘ื™ืื• ืœื”ื›ืจืขืช ื”ื“ืจื’ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ ืืช ื“ืจื›ื™ ื”ืคืขื•ืœื” ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื”, ื›ื™ ื”ืžื ื”ื"ื– ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืž"ืช ืœื ื”ืงืคื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ืขืจื™ื›ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉื•ื˜ืคื•ืช ื‘ืžืคืขืœื™ื ืฉื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ืฉื‘ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ ื‘ืื™ื•"ืฉ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืื›ื•ืฃ ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืขืœ ืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื•"ืฉ. ืœื”ืœืŸ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื:
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœืื›ื™ืคืช ื—ื•ื‘ืช ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉื›ืจ ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ื‘ืื™ื•"ืฉ ืœืคื™ ื”ืฆื• ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืขืกืงืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื•"ืฉ ืžื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืกืžืš ืœืื’ืฃ ื”ืื›ื™ืคื”, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ืงืž"ื˜ ืชืขืกื•ืงื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืชื™ืงื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ื›ืชื‘ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืคืงื—ื™ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืืคืจื™ืœ 2006 , ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื•ืœื”ืชืื™ ืžื• ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื—ืœื•.
694
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื . ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืกืคื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื ืžืœื™ื ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2011 , ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ื˜ืจื ื™ื•ืฉื ื”ื”ืกื›ื ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื "ื™ ืœืจืกืค"ืŸ ืœื”ืคืขืœืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ื ืžืœื™ื ื‘ื ืžืœื™ ืืฉื“ื•ื“ ื•ื—ื™ืคื”. ื”ืคืขืœืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืฉืœ ื ื™ืชื•ื‘ ืื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ืžืœื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ืชืฆืคื™ืชื ื™ื, ื•ืคืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ืžืฉืื™ื•ืช ืœื ืžืœ ื•ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ื ืžืœื™ื. ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ, ื›ื™ ื”ืคืขืœืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืืœื” ื ืขืฉื™ืช ืข"ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืžืœ ืฉืœื ืœืคื™ ืœื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืžืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2008. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื›ื™ ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ืืช ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื• ื—ืงื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื™ื”ื™ื• ื ืคืจื“ื•ืช ืžื”ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคื ื•ืช ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืฆืขื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื•ืฃ ืขืฆืžืื™ ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ืชืœื•ื™. ืœื›ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ืžื•ื“ืœ ื“ื•ื’ืžืช NTSB ื‘ื”ืชืืžื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ, ื•ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืกืคื ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจื˜. ืขื•ื“ ื”ืขืœืชื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืงื‘ืขื• ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ืชืขืจื™ืคื™ื ื ื•ืจืžื” ืžื™ื ื™ืžืืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœ 1% ืœืฉื ื”. ื”ื™ื•ืขืฅ ืžื˜ืขื ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืชืขืจื™ืคื™ื ื”ืž ืœื™ืฅ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ื™ื™ืขื•ืฅ ืฉื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืžืงื“ื ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœ 2.5% ืœืฉื ื” ื‘ืชืขืจื™ืคื™ื. ืขื•ื“ ื”ืขืœืชื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืฉืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœื ืงื‘ืขื• ืจืžืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื ืžืœื™ื ืืฃ ืฉื”ื ืฆื•ื™ื ื• ื›ื—ืœืง ืžืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืจืžื” ื‘ืชืขืจื™ืคื™ื24 . ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืžืฉื ืช 1999 ืœื ื‘ื™ืฆืขื”ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ืืจืฆื™ืช ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืœืžืขื’ื ื•ืช ืืฃ ืฉืชืž"ื 1317 ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืžืฉื ื•ืช ื”-70 ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื” ื”ืขืฉืจื™ื. ื‘ืžืขื’ื ื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืคื™ ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžื“ืจื•ื ืœืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืขื“ ืฆืคื•ืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื’ื™ื ื” ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉื™ื˜ ืงื˜ื ื™ื. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืžืขื’ื ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ื‘ืขื™ื” ืœื ืจืง ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ืœื™ ืฉื™ื˜ ื”ืขื•ื’ื ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ืื• ืžื—ืกื ื™ื ืืฉืจ ืชื•ืคืกื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื’ื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœื™ ืฉื™ื˜, ืืœื ื’ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ืœื™ ืฉื™ื˜ ื”ืขื•ื’ื ื™ื ืœืœื ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ืฉื™ื˜ ืื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืฉื•ื˜. ืขื•ื“ ื”ื•ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืขืœ ื“ื™ื’ ืื• ืขืœ ืคืจื™ืฉืช ืจืฉืช ื“ื™ื™ื’ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ืžื™ ื”ืžืขื’ื ื”, ืื™ืŸ ืื›ื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื.
ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื‘ืจืกืค"ืŸ ื”ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ืฉืžืืคืจื™ืœ 2009 ื”ื™ื ืคืขืœื” ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืฆืขืช ื”ื—ื•ืง ื•ืœื”ืชืืžืชื• ืœืžื•ื“ืœ "ืœื ื“ -ืœื•ืจื“", ื›ืคื™ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื”. ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช, ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2011 , ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื™ืžื™ ื‘ื ืžืœื™ื, ื”ืชืขื‘ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ืžื™ืช ื•ืชืคืขื•ืœื”, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืชืฆืคื™ืชื ื™ื, ื ืชื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื‘ื”ื, ื ื•ืชืจื• ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื ืžืœ.
695
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื . ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ โ€“ ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืื’ืจื” ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœื”ืกืชื›ืŸ ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื“ืชื™ ื•ืžื—ื•ืฉื‘ ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜, ืžืกืžืš ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ื•ืžืื•ืฉืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžื•ืกืžื›ื™ื ืœื›ืš ื”ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ืืช ื”ื”ืกืชื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื™ืชืžืžืฉ ื•ืืช ื”ืขืœื•ืช ืฉื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืฆืคื•ื™ ืœืฉืืช ื‘ื” ืื ืื›ืŸ ื™ืชืžืžืฉ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ืื•ืœื ืœื ื ืžืฆื ืžืกืžืš ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืฉื”ื›ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืจื“. ื™ื•ืฆื ืืคื•ื ื›ื™ ืžืชื›ื ื ื™ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ื™ื“ืขื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ 2002 , ื›ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืคื•ืจืกื ื”ืžื›ืจื– ื”ืžื•ืงื“ื ืœื”ืงืžืช ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ, ื›ื™ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ืื™ื ืŸ ืขื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืงื ื” ืื—ื“ ืขื ื” ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืงืžืช ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ, ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ืงื˜ืขื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืžืก' 1 ื™ืฉ ื—ืคื™ืคื” ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื•ื•ืื™ ืžืกื™ืœืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ื”ืžืชื•ื›ื ืŸ ืœื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ. ืœืžืจื•ืช ื–ืืช ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ื ืžืฉืš ื‘ืœื ืฉื”ื•ืกื“ืจ ื”ื ื•ืฉื. ืžืŸ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืช ืฉื”ื•ื—ืœ ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืœื”ืงืžืช ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ื‘ืฉื ืช 2002 ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืฉืงื™ื“ืžื• ืืช ื”ืžื›ืจื–, ื•ื‘ื”ื ืžืช ื›ื ื ื™ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื”ื™ื• ืขืจื™ื ืœื›ืš ืฉื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืžืก' 1 , ืฉื”ื•ืงื ื›-40 ,ืฉื ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ, ื—ื•ืคืฃ ื‘ื—ืœืงื• ืœืชื—ื•ื ืจืฆื•ืขืช ืžืกื™ืœืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื•ื›ื™ ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ื‘ืชื•ื•ืื™ ื–ื”, ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชื•ื•ืื™ ืขืชื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืกื™ืœืช ืจื›ื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฆืคื•ืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ ืœื“ืจื•ืžื” ืฉืชืขื‘ื•ืจ ื“ืจืš ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ, ืื•ืชื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ืคืขืœื• ืœื”ืงืžืช ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื ื™ืกื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ืœื‘ืขื™ื”. ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืช ื”ื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื• ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืขืชืงืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ื‘ืขืช ืฉื™ื•ื—ืœื˜ ืœื”ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืกื™ืœื” ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช, ื‘ืœื ืฉืฆื™ื™ื ื• ืืช ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ืฉื™ื™ื“ืจืฉ ืœืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ืขืชืงืชื•. .ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื ืžืฆืื• ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืงืžืชื• ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ื›ื“ื•ื’ืžืช ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืงื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ื•ืื™-ืชื™ืื•ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื ื‘ื”ืงืžืชื•. ื–ืืช ื•ืขื•ื“, ื‘ืขืช ืฉื”ื•ื—ืœ ื‘ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ ืœื”ืงืžืช ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืจื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืžืก' 1 , ืฉื”ื•ืงื ื›-40 ืฉื ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืŸ, ื—ื•ืคืฃ ื‘ื—ืœืงื• ืœืชื—ื•ื ืจืฆื•ืขืช ืžืกื™ืœืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืชื•ื•ืื™ ืขืชื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ืžืกื™ืœืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช. ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ื›ืŸ ืœื ืคืขืœื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืืœื ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื” ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืกื›ื•ืžื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืขืชืงืช ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ื‘ืขืช ืฉืชื•ืงื ืžืกื™ืœืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื”. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืœืงื—ื™ื ืžื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืขืœืชื” ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืงืžืช ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืืช ื”ื™ืฉื ื•ืชื ืื ื™ื•ื—ืœื˜ ืขืœ ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืขืชื™ื“. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืฆืจืช ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืžืก' 1 ืœื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื ื•ื›ื— ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืคื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืžื™ื•ืขื“ืช ืœื”ื™ืกืœืœ ื”ืžืกื™ืœื” ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช. ื›ื‘ื™ืฉ ืžืกืคืจ ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ืฆื™ืจ ืชื ื•ืขื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื•ื”ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืžืžื ื• ืœืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื ื“ืจืฉืช ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืž ืฉืš ื›ืœ ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ื™ืžืžื”. ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืขืœื•ืช ื›ืกืคื™ืช ืœื ืžื‘ื•ื˜ืœืช ืžืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื•, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืฉื™ืื”. ื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืœืชืช ืขืœ ื›ืš ืืช ื”ื“ืขืช ื‘ืขืช ืฉื™ื™ืฉืงืœื• ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืขืชื™ื“. . ืืฃ ืฉื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืงืžืช ื ืชื™ื‘ ืžื”ื™ืจ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื”ืกื›ื, ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2011 , ืœื ื”ื•ื—ืœ ื‘ื”ืงืžืช ื”ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื.
5. ื™ืขื“ื™ ื”ื”ืกืขื•ืช : ื‘ืžืชื—ื "ื—ื ื” ื•ืกืข" ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืกืขื•ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืงื•ื•ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“: ืงื• ืกื•ื‘ื‘ ื”ืงืจื™ื” ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืงื• ืœืžืชื—ื ื”ื‘ื•ืจืกื” ื‘ืจืžืช ื’ืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืžืชื—ื "ื—ื ื” ื•ืกืข" ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืกืขื” ืœื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืชื—ื ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช, ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฆืžืฆื ืืช ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืฉื›ื“ืื™ ืœื”ื ืœื”ื—ื ื•ืช ื‘ืžืชื—ื "ื—ื ื” ื•ืกืข" ื•ืœื ืกื•ืข ื‘ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžื”ื™ืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื”ืกืขื•ืช.
696
ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ื“ื•ืจื™ ื›ื‘ืœื™ื ื•ืœืฉื™ื“ื•ืจื™ ืœื•ื•ื™ืŸ . ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืฉื™ื“ื•ืจื™ ื›ื‘ืœื™ื ื•ืœืฉื™ื“ื•ืจื™ ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืชืงื ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืžืกื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืืช ืกื“ืจื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืืš ื”ื™ื ืœื ืงื‘ืขื” ื ื”ืœื™ื ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœื ื ื”ืœื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื”, ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื•ื”ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ืขืœื• ืœื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืชื™ื”, ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืขื™ื18 ื•ื”ืžืžืฉืง ื‘ื™ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืฉืžื™ื ืชื”. ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืฉืื™ืฉืจื” ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื”ื•ื ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืคืจื•ืช ืžืฉื ืช 2002 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžืฉื ืช 2002 ), ื”ืžืกื“ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ืคืจื• ืืช ื”ื“ื™ืŸ. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื’ื ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ื“ื•ื— ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 201019 (ืœื”ืœืŸ- ื“ื•ื— ื”ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™), ื•ื›ืชื‘ ื›ื™ "ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœืœื™ื, ื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื‘ื ื™ ื“ืจืš ื•ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ื ืื•ืคื™ื ื™ื™ื ืœื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื•ืจืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืฉื ื•ืขื“ื• ืœืžืžืฉ ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”". ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžืกืžืš ื–ื” ืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฃ ื ื•ื”ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื“ืจ ื”ืžืžืฆื” ืืช ื›ืœืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื˜ืขื•ื ื™ื ื”ืกื“ืจื” ืืฉืจ ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื”ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžื•ืขืฆื” ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื”. ื ื•ื”ืœ ืžืœื ืืžื•ืจ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ, ืืช ืฉื’ืจืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ื˜ืขื•ื ื™ื ื”ื›ืจืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืื›ื™ืคื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ืชื›ื ืกื” ื•ืœื• ืคืขื ืื—ืช. ืขื•ื“ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืงื™ื™ืžื” ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื”ืคืงื•ืช ืžืงื•ืจ ื™ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜ 2010 . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืกื‘ืจื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืžืฉื ื” ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ื•ืœืื›ื™ืคื” ื•ืœื”ืคืงื•ืช ืžืงื•ืจ, ื”ืงื™ืžื” ืื•ืชืŸ ื•ืืฃ ืžื™ื ืชื” ืืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ, ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื” ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ืกืžื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ื•ืืช ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชืŸ ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ื›ื™ ื”ืŸ ื™ืชื›ื ืกื• ื‘ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืจืื•ื™ื” ื•ื™ืกื™ื™ืขื• ืœื” ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื”. ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืคื•ืขืœืช ื‘ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื—ืกืจ ืœืงื•ื™ื” ื•ืื™ื ื” ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœื” ืœืžืœื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืžืœื ืืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื”, ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืชืจ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ืืช ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ืืช ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืกื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจืก ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™, ืขืœ ื”ืฉืจ ืœืกื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืœื™ืš ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื—ืกืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื”ื ื ืฆื™ื’ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ื™ืฆื’, ืœื“ืขืช ื”ืฉืจ, ืืช ื”ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื•ื”ืืžื ื™ื.
ื ืžืฆื, ื›ื™ ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื’ื™ืฉ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื ืฉ"ืž ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืฆืขืช ื›ืืžื•ืจ. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืœืžืจื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืขืฉื• ื‘ืžื™ื ื”ืœืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื”, ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื”ื•ืฉืœืžื” ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื•ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ื’ื•ืžืœื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืœืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื ืฉ"ืž, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื‘ืžื‘ื ื” ืžื™ื ื”ืœืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื” ื•ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืคื’ื™ืขื” ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื”. ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื›ืš ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืฉืชืคืงื™ื“ื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•"ืจ ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื•ืฉืœ ืฉืืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื” ื•ื‘ืžื™ื ื”ืœืช ื”ื”ืกื“ืจื” ื•ืžืขืจืš ื”ื›ืคื™ืคื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื™ื•ื’ื“ืจื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ.
697
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื . ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื•ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœืžื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ โ€“ ืžืžืฆืื™ ืžืขืงื‘ ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ืคืจื™ืกืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืกืชื™ื™ืžื” ื‘ืžืื™ 2010 ,. ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืžืขืงื‘ ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2011 ., ื˜ืจื ื‘ื•ืฆืขื• ืกืงืจื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ . ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ืžืขืงื‘, ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2011 , ื˜ืจื ื‘ื•ืฆืขื• ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ ืงื‘ืœื” ืœืžืขืจื›ืช. ืขืœ ื”ื‘"ื” ืœืงื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ ืงื‘ืœื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืชืœื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืฉืืœื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื”ื•ื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืชื—ืงื•ืจ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื•ื ื•ืขื“ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ื”ืคืงืช ื”ืœืงื—ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื•ืชืคื•ืงื•ืชื™ื” ื™ืฉ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืกืงืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืžืงื™ืฃ ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืคื ื™ื™ื” ืœืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื•ืœืจืฉืžื™ื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ื“ื•ื•ื—ื• ืขืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ืฆื™ืขื• ื”ืฆืขื•ืช ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ื ืื›ืŸ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืืš ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื” ื“ื™. ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืฉืžืฉ ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœืกืงืจ ืฉื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืจืฆื•ืŸ, ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืคืขื•ืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื•ืœืืคืฉืจ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื•ื”ืคืงืช ืœืงื—ื™ื ืžืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืžื›ืœืœ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช, ืขืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื”ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื”ื‘"ื” ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื ืคื™ืœืช ื”ืฉืจืชื™ื ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ื–ืžื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื ื˜ืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืืช ืชืงืœื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ืชืŸ, ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ื”ืŸ, ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื•ืœื ืชื— ืืช ืื•ืคื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ืจืš ืžื•ื‘ื ื” ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืžื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜. ืกืคืง ืื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืกืชืคืง ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืชืงืœื•ืช ืจืง ืขืœ ืคื™ ืชืœื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื. ืืฉืจ ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ื”ื‘"ื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื”, ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืœื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ื•ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืงืœื•ืช ื•ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื” ื”ืœื›ื” ืœืžืขืฉื”.
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ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื . ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืืคื•ื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืกื™ื .ืžืŸ ื”ื˜ื‘ืœื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ืืžื ื ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื”ื™ื—ืก ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื“ื• ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืœืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืคืงื—ื™ื ื”ื•ื ื’ื‘ื•ื”, ื•ื›ืš ื’ื ืžืกืคืจ ื”ืชื™ืงื™ื ื”ืคืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืžืคืงื—, ืื•ืœื ืœื ื›ืš ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื–ื•, ืืฃ ืฉืžืกืคืจ ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืžืกืคืจ ื”ืžืคืงื—ื™ื ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข ื”ื•ื ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืžื–ื” ืฉืœ ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื–ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื, ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ื–ื”, ื›ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ, ื”ื•ื ื–ื ื™ื—. 2. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื’ืฉื• ืœืื’ืฃ ื”ืืค"ื› ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืฉื ื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืงื‘ืœืชื: ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื 1997 -2007 ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืจืง ื‘ืฉื ืช 2008 ; ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื 1997 -1999 ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืจืง ื‘ืฉื ืช 2005 ; ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2002 -2008 ืœื ื ื‘ื“ืงื• ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื‘ื™ื•ืœื™ 2010. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืืฃ ื›ื™ ื”ื ื•ื”ืœ ืœื ืงื•ื‘ืข ืžื•ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืžืกื’ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช, ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืืช ืžื•ืขื“ ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืœืœื ื’ื‘ื•ืœ, ื•ืขืœ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืืค"ื› ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืš ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื’ืฉื™ื ืœื• ื•ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื–ืžื ื™ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืžืจื‘ื™ื™ื. ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื” ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช, ื”ื™ื ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ื ื–ืง ืœื—ืกื•ื™ ื•ืื™ื ื ื” ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืืช ืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ื”ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืขื“. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ืฉื‘ืื’ืฃ ื”ืืค"ื› ืœื ื‘ื•ืฆืขื• ืžื“ื™ื“ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืœืชื™ืงื ื•ืŸ ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ืœืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื—. ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืื’ืฃ ื”ืืค"ื› ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื•ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื— ืื’ืฃ ื”ืืค"ื› ืจืง ืืจื‘ืขื” ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ ืชื–ื›ื•ืจืช ืœื”ืžืฆืืช ื”ื“ื•ื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื. ื”ืืค"ื› ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ืชื• ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื•ืกืžืš ืœื”ืžืœื™ืฅ ืขืœ ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืืคื•ื˜ืจื•ืคืกื™ื, ื•ืขืœ ื”ืืค"ื› ืœื ืžื•ื˜ืœืช ื›ืœ ื—ื•ื‘ื” ืื• ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื”, ืืš ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื• ื•ืืช ื™ื“ื™ืขื•ืชื™ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืืžื ื ื”ืืค"ื› ืื™ื ื• ืžืžืœื™ืฅ ืขืœ ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืืคื•ื˜ืจื•ืคืกื™ื ืืš ื”ื•ื ืื—ืจืื™ ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื˜ื™ื‘ ืชืคืงื•ื“ื. ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืจืื•ื™ ืฉื”ืืค"ื› ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ื™ื‘ืฆืขื• ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืืคื•ื˜ืจื•ืคืกื™ื ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ ื”ื—ืกื•ื™ื™ื. ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื™ืฉืงืœื• ื‘ืขืช ื”ืžืœืฆืช ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืœืžื™ื ื•ื™ื, ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื”ื—ืกื•ื™ื™ื ื•ืขืœ ืจื›ื•ืฉื. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื, ื”ืืค"ื› ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ื™ืชืจ ืฉืืช ืœื”ืกื“ืจืช ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื”ืชืืžืชื ืฉืœ ืืคื•ื˜ืจื•ืคืกื™ื ืืœื• ื•ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื• ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืขื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื”ืืค"ื› ืืช ืชื•ืกืคืช ื”ืžืฉืจื•ืช ื”ืืžื•ืจื” ื•ืœื ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ืืฃ ืฉื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจืš ืœื”ืคืขืœืชื•. ืœืื—ืจ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื” ืชื’ื•ื‘ืช ื”ืืค"ื› ืœื ื•ืฉื, ื›ืชื‘ื” ืกื’ื ื™ืช ื”ืืค"ื› ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2011 ื›ื™ ื”ืืค"ื› ืฉื”ืชืžื ื” "ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืงื™ ื™ื ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืื›ืกื ื™ื” ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืœืืคื•ื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืก ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ืจืฉืช ]ื ื™ืกื•ื™[ ื”ืคื™ื™ืœื•ื˜ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ื›ืš". ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2012 ื”ืืค"ื› ืฉื”ืชืžื ื” ื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื™ "ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฉืชื™ืขืฉื” ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ".
.ืกืงื™ืจื” ืžืฉื•ื•ื”32 ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ืืคื•ื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืก ืœื‘ื’ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ื™ื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืžื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื ื‘ื—ื ื•33 ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืืคื•ื˜ืจื•ืคืกื•ืช- ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ืจื›ื•ืฉ, ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืื• ืจื•ื•ื—ื” - ืœื—ืกื•ื™ื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืงืจื•ื‘ ืื• ื—ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืื• ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืฉืžืฉ ื›ืืคื•ื˜ืจื•ืคื•ืก ืื™ื ื” ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ืื• ืžืœื•ื•ื” ื•ืžืคื•ืงื—ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืœื›ืš. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืจื‘ื” ืืช ื”ื”ืชืžืฉื›ื•ืช ืจื‘ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืงืžืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืœืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ื•ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืœืžืขืฉื” ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ืงื•ื— ืขืœ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื• ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืกื•ื™. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื— ื”ื•ื ืฆื•ืจืš ื”ื›ืจื—ื™, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื™ื ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืคืงื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื—ืกื•ื™ื™ื, ื”ื—ืœืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ืื–ืจื—ื™ื”, ืฉื”ื ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื, ื—ืกืจื™ ื™ืฉืข ื•ืžื•ื›ื™ ื’ื•ืจืœ, ื‘ืœื™ ืœืคืงื— ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืฉืžืขื ื™ืงื™ื ืœื”ื ื”ืืคื•ื˜ืจื•ืคืกื™ื ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ืœ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ื™ ื•ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืืช ืฉืœื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืกื•ื™.
699
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช . ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืœืžืœื•ื ืื•ืช ื‘ืข_ืž, ืชื“ืžื•ืจ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืž"ืช ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืžืœื ืขื ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืคืชื•ืจ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ืŸ ื•ืœื”ื™ืž ื ืข ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื ื™ืชืŸ ืžืžืฆื‘ื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื ืืœืฅ ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ืกื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืคื™ืงื•ื—. . ืืฃ ืฉื”ื”ืชืื—ื“ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืื—ื“ ืžื‘ืขืœื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื‘ืžืฉืš ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืขืฉื•ืจ ื”ื™ื ืœื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœืžืžืฉ ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืชื” ืœื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ืฉืœ ืžื™ื ื•ื™ ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื; ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ืฉื ืช 2010 ืžื™ื ื” ืฉืจ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™, ืกื˜ืก ืžื™ืกื–'ื ื™ืงื•ื‘, ืฉื ื™ ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื ืžื˜ืขืžื”. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื ื‘ื—ื ื” ื•ืœื ืงื‘ืขื” ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื”ืžืชืื™ื ืœื”. ื‘ื“ ื‘ื‘ื“ ืขื ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืคืจื˜ื” ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื”ื‘ืจืื”, ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœื” ืœืื•ืคื™ื™ื” ืžื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื”ื ื™ื”ื• ืœื™ืช ื•ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช. ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ืื™ืžื•ืฅ ืžื‘ื ื” ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ ื›ืืžื•ืจ ื™ื™ืขืฉื” ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืคื“ื” ืขืœ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื™ืกื›ื•ืŸ ื•ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืœื”ืฉื‘ื™ื—ื” ื›ื ื›ืก ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชืž"ืช ื™ื™ืขืจืš ืžื‘ืขื•ื“ ืžื•ืขื“ ืœืคืจืกื•ื ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื™ื ืžื•ืœ ื”ื–ื›ื™ื™ื ื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื”ื›ืฉืจื” ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ืžืœื•ื ืื•ืช. ืžืŸ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ืœืขื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืชื“ืžื•ืจ ืœื ืชืคืงื“ ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ ื•ืœื ืžื™ืœื ืืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื• ื›ืžืชื•ื•ื” ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื›ืžืคืงื— ืขืœ ืคืขื•ืœื•ืชื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ื”ืœืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื”. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ืœื ืงื•ื˜ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ืžืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื“ื™ืจืงื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืชื“ืžื•ืจ ื™ืื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ืžืœื•ืื• ื•ื™ืชืคืงื“ ื›ื ื“ืจืฉ, ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืชืคืงื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืœืงื“ื ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืœืžืฉื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื ื ืชื•ื ื” ื‘ื•.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื›ืžื• ืชื“ืžื•ืจ ื—ืœื™ื ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื ื•ื“ื™ื ื™ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช. ื—ื•ืง ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืžืชื•ื•ื” ื“ืจืš ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ืžื ื›"ืœ, ืืš ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืื–ื›ื•ืจ ืœื•ื•ืขื“ืช ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ.
700
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช . ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืงื™ื“ื• ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื ืกืช ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉืœ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” - ื•ื‘ื”ื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืฉืจื“ ืœื”ื’ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” - ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืงืžืช ืฉื“ื” ืชืขื•ืคื” ืžืฉืœื™ื ืœื ืชื‘"ื’ ืื™ื ืŸ ืžื™ื•ืฉืžื•ืช. ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื”ืชื›ื ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืฆืคื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืžืฉืš ืขื•ื“ ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช, ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ื›ืœ ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื”ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื, ื•ื‘ืจืืฉื ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ื™ืคืขืœื• ืœืœื ื›ืœ ื“ื™ื—ื•ื™ ืœื™ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื. ื›ืœ ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš ื‘ืชืฉืชื™ืช ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื™ืŸ -ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื›ืœืœ, ื•ื‘ืชื ื•ืขืช ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื ืกืช ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืคืจื˜. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืืžื ื ื“ื•ื— ื—ืงืจ ืฉื•ืง ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœ ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื•ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช, ืื•ืœื ื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ืชื—ืœื™ืฃ ืœืชื›ื ื™ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช. ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืคืชื— ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ืช ืฉืชื›ืœื•ืœ ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžื“ื™ื“ื™ื ื•ืชืงื‘ืข ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื–ืžื ื™ื ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืฆืืช ื”ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื”ื ื“ืจืฉื™ื ืœื›ืœ ื™ืขื“, ื•ืขืœื™ื• ืœื”ื‘ื™ืื” ืœืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื”. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื™ืขื“ื™ื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืฆื•ืช ืืช ืžืœื•ื ื”ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœ ื”ื’ืœื•ื ื‘ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืฉื‘ื™ืฆืข ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœื™ื. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืขืœื™ื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœืจืชื•ื ื’ื ืืช ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืขืกืงื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžืงืกื ืืช ื”ืชื•ืขืœืช ื”ื’ืœื•ืžื” ื‘ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื ืกืช ืœืžืฉืง ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™. ื”ืžืœืฆื” ื‘ืจื•ื— ื–ื• ื”ื•ื‘ืื” ื’ื ื‘ื“ื•ื— ื—ืงืจ ืฉื•ืง ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช. . ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ืฉืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื™ืคืขืœื• ื‘ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ืกื‘ืชื ื‘ื”ืงื“ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœืžืœื•ื ืื•ืช, ืื• ืœื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ืคืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ืœื•ืคื™ื™ื ืœืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื”ืฆืคื•ื™ ื‘ื—ื“ืจื™ ืžืœื•ืŸ. . ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื™ืžืฆืื• ืืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช, ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืขื ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืื’ื‘ ื”ืขื ืงืช ื”ืกื™ื•ืข ื”ื ื“ืจืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื•ืœืžื ื•ืข ื‘ื–ื‘ื•ื– ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ืœื ื•ื›ื— ื—ืœืงื” ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืชื ื•ืขืช ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื ืกืช, ืžืŸ ื”ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ ื•ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืคื ื™ื ื™ื‘ื—ื ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื ื’ื–ืจื™ื ืžืžื ื” ื•ื™ื’ื‘ืฉื• ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื”.
ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ, ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ืœื”ื›ืจืขืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื’ื‘ืฉ ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืžื•ืกื›ืžืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืœื•ื ืื•ืช.
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ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื™ืฉืจืืœื™ (ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ืง) . ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื ื“ืœ_ืŸ ื‘ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช: ื‘ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื ื›ืœืœื™ื ืฉื‘ืขื” ื ื›ืกื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื” ื”ืžืฉื•ื™ื›ื™ื ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™, ืื•ืœื ืœืคื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ื ื›ืกื™ื ื”ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช. 4. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 2002 -2006 ื”ื–ืžื™ื ื• ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ, ื”ื›ื™ื ื• ืคืจื•ื’ืจืžื”15 ื•ืคืขืœื• ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื‘ืช ืชื•ืจืŸ ืื ื˜ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ ื”ืฆืžื•ื“ ืœืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช 16 . ืืš ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื ืงื™ื“ืžื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืืช ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื”ื”ืกื›ื ื•ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืœื ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืžื’ืจืฉ ืฉืขืœื™ื• ืืžื•ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ืฉื™ื•ืขื“ ืœืจืฉื•ืช. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืฉืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื• ืื™ืŸ ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ ื”ื™ื ื• ืœืงื•ื™ ืžื™ืกื•ื“ื•. ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืขืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ืกื“ื™ืจ ืœืืœืชืจ ืืช ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื“ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื•ืขื“ื›ื ื™ ื•ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ืงืจื” ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ื–ื”. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื”ืžืชืžืฉืš ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ื ื›ืกื™ ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ, ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืขืœ ืขืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜, ื”ื”ื™ืงืฃ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื•ืชื ืื™ ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ืื•ืช ื’ืจืžื• ืœืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื ื–ืงื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื•ืชืคืขื•ืœื™ื™ื ืฉื”ืฉืคืขืชื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื›ืจืช ื‘ืžื•ืขื“ ืกื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช13 . ื‘ืฉื ื™ื 1999 -2010 ืœื ื”ืชืงื“ืžื” ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉื•ืจ ืœืžื™ืžื•ืฉ ืฉืœื‘ ื‘' ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜. ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื—ืœืง ืžื ื›ืกื™ ื”ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ื”ื ื ื›ืกื™ื ืžืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืœื” ื•ืœื’ื•ืคื™ ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืชื’ืœืขื• ื‘ื™ื ื” ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ ื“ืขื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืฆื“ ื‘ื ื›ืกื™ื ืืœื” ื•ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื”ื.
ื™ืฆื•ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื ืฃ ื”ืืžื•ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืกืคืช ืœื”ืกื›ื ืœื ื”ื•ื‘ืื” ืื™ -ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืœื”ื›ืจืขืช ื”ืฉืžืื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™. ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื”ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ืฆืขื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ืžื˜ื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืชื—ื ื—ืœื•ืคื™ ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ื™ืจื•ื›ื–ื• ื›ืœ ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช, ื•ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื–ื” ืœื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžื” ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ืขื ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ื”ืžืชื—ื ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื“ื ื• ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื”ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ. ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืืฃ ืœื ืื™ืฉืจื• ืืช ื”ืžืชื•ื•ื” ืฉื’ื•ื‘ืฉ ืขื ื”ืžื™ื ื”ืœ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืงื‘ืœืช ืชืžื•ืจื” ื›ืกืคื™ืช ื‘ืขื“ ื”ืคื™ื ื•ื™.
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ื”ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” . ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื•ืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืœ"ื’, ืœื”ื•ืจืื•ืชื™ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื•ืช ืžื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ 2004 ื•ืœื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ื”ื ื”ืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”, ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืฉื” ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ืืช ืื™ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืžืœ"ื’ ืœืคืชื™ื—ืช ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืœืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื” ืœื”ืชืื™ื ืืช ื ื”ืœื™ื” ื‘ื ื•ืฉื ื–ื” ืœื›ืœืœื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ื•ืช"ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืจืื•ื™ ื›ื™ ื•ืช"ืช ืชืงื‘ืข ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ื” ื“ืจื™ืฉื” ื•ืœืคื™ื” ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืกื’ืœ ื™ื•ื’ื‘ืœื• ื‘ื–ืžืŸ, ื•ื›ื™ ื’ื ืคืจืง ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืงื‘ืข ื™ื•ืชื ื” ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืœื ื™ื—ื•ืœื• ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ื”ืขืกืงื” ืฉืœื”ื (ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ื•ืจืื”, ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื). ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื’ื“ืจืช "ื”ืขืกืงื” ื ื•ืกืคืช" ื‘ื ื•ื”ืœ ื”ืขืกืงื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืœ"ื”ืขืกืงื” ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจ ืกื’ืœ - ื”ืžื•ืขืกืง ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื” ืฉืœืžื” - ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืืงื“ืžื™ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช, ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”" (ื”ื”ื“ื’ืฉื” ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ), ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ืœื”ื—ื™ืœ ื ื•ื”ืœ ื–ื” ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ืกื’ืœ ื”ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืช ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืฅ - ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืŸ ืžืชื‘ืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”, ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืœืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืฉื ืจืฉืžื• ืœืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื•ืžื•ืคืขืœื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื”. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ื•ื”ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ืœื“ืจื•ืฉ ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืกื’ืœ ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœื”ืขืกืงื” ื–ืืช, ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ืขืกืงืชื ื”ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืฅ -ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืื™ื ื” ืคื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื” ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื•ืœื”ืงืคื™ื“ ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉื•ืœื ืœื”ื ื”ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืžืงื•ื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ืœืœื ืงืฉืจ ืœืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื›ื ื™ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ื—ืœืช ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ืกื’ืœ ืืงื“ืžื™ ื”ืžืœืžื“ื™ื ื‘ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืฅ -ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช, ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืคืงื•ืœื˜ื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื, ืื™ื ื” ืกื‘ื™ืจื”, ื•ืขืœื•ืœื” ืืฃ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืฆืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืกื’ืœ ื”ืืงื“ืžื™ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืขืกืงืชื ื”ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”. . ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ื”ืขืœืชื” ื›ื™ ืžืœ"ื’ ื•ื•ืช"ืช ืœื ืคื™ืงื—ื• ืขืœื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื•ืช ื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื•ืœื ื ืงื˜ื• ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื›ืœืฉื”ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ื ืžื‘ืฆืขื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื ื—ื™ื” ื”ืืžื•ืจื”. ืขื•ื“ ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืขืœ ืืฃ ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ืช ืžืœ"ื’ ื“ืœืขื™ืœ, ืœื ืฉื™ื ืชื” ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ืืช ืชืงื ื•ืŸ ื”ืกื ื˜ ืฉืœื” ื•ืœื ื”ืชืื™ืžื” ืื•ืชื• ืœื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืชื•ืืจ ืฉื ื™ ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ืžืœ"ื’. ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืืฃ ืขืœื” ื›ื™ ืจืืฉื™ ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืฅ- ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืœืงื” ืœืžื™ื ื”ืœ ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ืคื ื• ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื ืœื•ื•ืขื“ื” ืœืชื•ืืจ ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื” ืฉืชืืฉืจ ืงื‘ืœืช ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ืœืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืืœื” ืืฃ ืฉื”ื ื—ืกืจื™ ืชื•ืืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ. ื ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ื” ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืื™ืฉืจื” ืืช ื”ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืžืœ"ื’ ื•ื”ืชื ืชื” ืืช ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืจืง ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื›ืžื” ืงื•ืจืกื™ ื”ืฉืœืžื”.
ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ืœืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ื›ื™ ืœืžืœ"ื’ ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืืžื•ืจื™ื ื•ื›ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ืœืฆื™ื™ืช ืœื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื”, ืฉื”ื™ื• ื™ื“ื•ืขื•ืช ืœื” ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ ืœืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ืฉื‘ื” ืคื•ืจืกืžื•. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื’ื ืœืžืœ"ื’ ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื ื—ื•ืฅ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืชื™ื” ื™ืคื•ืจืกืžื• ื›ื”ืœื›ื” ื•ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื”, ื•ืœื• ื‘ื“ื•ื—ืง, ืœื”ื˜ื™ืœ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืกืคืง, ื•ื›ืŸ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืื•ืคืŸ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”, ื•ื‘ื”ื ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ื‘ืจ-ืื™ืœืŸ, ื•ืืช ื”ืชืืžืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ืœื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืืœื”. 2 . ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฆื ื›ื™ ืกืฃ ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ื”ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ืœื›ืžื” ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื™ื™ืขื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื•ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฅ -ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ื ืžื•ืš ืžืกืฃ ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ืฉืงื‘ืขื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื ืœืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื’ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื–ืืช ื‘ืœื™ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืœื›ืš ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืžืžืœ"ื’ ื•ืžื•ื•ืช"ืช. ืœื”ืœืŸ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช:
703
ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ืื•ืฆืจ . ืฉื›ืจ ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ื ื” ืžื•ืกืžื›ืช ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื•ืช ืœื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืขื“ ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื›ื™ ืชืฉืœื•ื ืฉื›ืข"ื“ ืฉืœื ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื ื ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื•ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืงืฆื• ืจืง ืขื ื”ืกื‘ืช ืžืž"ื™ ืœืจืฉื•ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื‘ ืื™ืœื• ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ืจื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื›ืข"ื“ ื• ืœื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžืฉืจื“ื™ื ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืžืขืจืš ืืช ืืœื• ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืฉื›ืข"ื“ ื™ืฉืžืฉ ืชืžืจื™ืฅ ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื—ืœืง ืงื‘ื•ืข ืžืฉื›ืจ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ืš ืขืœ ื”ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื›ืจ ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื”ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืื—ื™ื“ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ื™ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” - ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืžืชื•ืš ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืขืกืงื™ื. ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ืžื•ื“ื“ ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ืื•ืœื ื‘ืจื›ื™ื‘ ื–ื” ืื™ืŸ ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœื’ื•ืจื ื”ื›ืžื•ืช. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ื™ืฉ ืคื’ื ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžืืคืฉืจืช ื›ื™ ืฉื ื™ ืžืคืงื—ื™ื ื™ื–ื›ื• ืœ-10% ืžื”ืคืจืžื™ื”, ื’ื ืื ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื˜ื™ืคืœ ื‘ื”ืฉื’ื” ืื—ืช ื•ืื™ืœื• ื”ืื—ืจ ื˜ื™ืคืœ ื‘-100 ,ื”ืฉื’ื•ืช. ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื–ืืช ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื—ืœืง ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจืžื™ื” ืฉืื ืœื ื›ืŸ ื ืคื’ืขืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช. ืžื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ ื ื™ืชืŸ ื‘ืขืœ ืคื”, ื•ืœื ื ืžืฆืื• ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ. ื™ื•ื“ื’ืฉ ืฉืฉื›ืข"ื“ ื”ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื•ืขื“ ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ืคืจื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ืœื ืœืฉืžืฉ ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ืื• ืชืฉืœื•ื ื—ืœื•ืคื™ ืœืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืฉื›ืจ ืื—ืจ.
ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ื ื™ืกืชื” ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื‘ืขื™ื™ืช ื”ื–ืž"ืง ืื• ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืจื™ื’ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœืช ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื’ืช ื™ืขื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืช ื”ืคืจืžื™ื”. ืื•ืœื ืžืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืจื›ื™ื‘ ื”ื›ืžื•ืชื™ ื‘ืคืจืžื™ื” ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ื”ืืจื™, ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืจื›ื‘ ื”ืคืจืžื™ื” ื•ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ืš ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ื–ืž"ืง ืืžื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื™ืขื“ื™ื” - ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืฉื•ืžื” ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ืช, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื•ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ืชื™ืงื™ื. ืœื“ืขืช ืžืฉืจื“ ืžื‘ืงืจ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”, ืขืœ ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืก ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืœืคืขื•ืœ ืœืชื™ืงื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื˜ืช ืฉื›ืข"ื“ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื™ืขื“ื™ื” ืœื”ื’ื‘ืจืช ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ ื•ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ ื‘ืชื™ืงื™ื.
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