Hessa/tqa-multimodalContext-all · Datasets at Hugging Face

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L_1004	refraction	T_4792	FIGURE 1.1 Click image to the left or use the URL below. URL: https://www.ck12.org/flx/render/embeddedobject/179078	image	textbook_images/refraction_23055.png
L_1010	saturation	T_4810	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/saturation_23062.png
L_1015	scientific measuring devices	T_4826	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/scientific_measuring_devices_23065.png
L_1015	scientific measuring devices	T_4826	FIGURE 1.2	image	textbook_images/scientific_measuring_devices_23066.png
L_1015	scientific measuring devices	T_4826	FIGURE 1.3	image	textbook_images/scientific_measuring_devices_23067.png
L_1026	solenoid	T_4858	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/solenoid_23080.png
L_1027	solids	T_4861	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/solids_23082.png
L_1027	solids	T_4861	FIGURE 1.2	image	textbook_images/solids_23083.png
L_1027	solids	T_4861	FIGURE 1.3	image	textbook_images/solids_23084.png
L_1028	solubility	T_4863	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/solubility_23085.png
L_1029	solute and solvent	T_4866	FIGURE 1.1 To dissolve a nonpolar solute such as oil-based paint, a nonpolar solvent such as paint thinner must be used.	image	textbook_images/solute_and_solvent_23086.png
L_1029	solute and solvent	T_4868	FIGURE 1.2	image	textbook_images/solute_and_solvent_23087.png
L_1031	solutions	T_4872	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/solutions_23089.png
L_1031	solutions	T_4874	FIGURE 1.2	image	textbook_images/solutions_23090.png
L_1031	solutions	T_4874	FIGURE 1.3	image	textbook_images/solutions_23091.png
L_1037	states of matter	T_4894	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/states_of_matter_23099.png
L_1037	states of matter	T_4894	FIGURE 1.2	image	textbook_images/states_of_matter_23100.png
L_1047	temperature	T_4918	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/temperature_23113.png
L_0001	the nature of science	T_0002	FIGURE 1.1 The Scientific Method.	image	textbook_images/the_nature_of_science_20001.png
L_0001	the nature of science	T_0002	FIGURE 1.2 Soil is often lost from ground that has been plowed.	image	textbook_images/the_nature_of_science_20002.png
L_0001	the nature of science	T_0003	FIGURE 1.3 Rather than breaking up soil like in this picture, the farmer could try no-till farming methods.	image	textbook_images/the_nature_of_science_20003.png
L_0001	the nature of science	T_0006	FIGURE 1.4 A pair of farmers take careful measure- ments in the field.	image	textbook_images/the_nature_of_science_20004.png
L_0001	the nature of science	T_0010	FIGURE 1.5 Earths Center.	image	textbook_images/the_nature_of_science_20005.png
L_0001	the nature of science	T_0011	FIGURE 1.6 A collision showing a meteor striking Earth.	image	textbook_images/the_nature_of_science_20006.png
L_0001	the nature of science	T_0013	FIGURE 1.7 Safety Symbols: A. Corrosive , B. Oxidiz- ing Agent, C. Toxic, D. High Voltage.	image	textbook_images/the_nature_of_science_20007.png
L_0001	the nature of science	T_0014	FIGURE 1.8 A medical researcher protects herself and her work with a net cap, safety goggles, a mask, and gloves.	image	textbook_images/the_nature_of_science_20008.png
L_0005	erosion and deposition by wind	T_0046	FIGURE 10.21 Wind transports particles in different ways depending on their size (left). A dust storm in the Middle East (right).	image	textbook_images/erosion_and_deposition_by_wind_20038.png
L_0005	erosion and deposition by wind	T_0049	FIGURE 10.22 Sand blown by fierce winds have carved this rock in to an interesting shape.	image	textbook_images/erosion_and_deposition_by_wind_20039.png
L_0005	erosion and deposition by wind	T_0049	FIGURE 10.23 Sand dunes form where the wind deposits sand. (A) Desert sand dunes. (B) Sand dunes line many beaches like this one in Australia.	image	textbook_images/erosion_and_deposition_by_wind_20040.png
L_0005	erosion and deposition by wind	T_0050	FIGURE 10.24 A sand dune has a gentle slope on the side the wind blows from. The opposite side has a steep slope. This side is called the slip face.	image	textbook_images/erosion_and_deposition_by_wind_20041.png
L_0005	erosion and deposition by wind	T_0052	FIGURE 10.25 Loess cliffs in Mississippi.	image	textbook_images/erosion_and_deposition_by_wind_20042.png
L_0013	history of earths life forms	T_0114	FIGURE 12.10 (A) Peacocks have tremendous feather displays to attract mates. (B) The Namib Desert Beetle has bumps on its back for collecting water. (C) Octopuses use their eight arms to hold on to the ground, hold on to prey and to escape predators. (D) Saguaro cacti are adapted for conserving water in the desert. (E) A mountain hare is well camouflaged in snow in winter.	image	textbook_images/history_of_earths_life_forms_20078.png
L_0013	history of earths life forms	T_0118	FIGURE 12.11 Genetic mutation is central to the creation of biological diversity.	image	textbook_images/history_of_earths_life_forms_20079.png
L_0013	history of earths life forms	T_0124	FIGURE 12.12 Ancient horses were quite different from present-day horses.	image	textbook_images/history_of_earths_life_forms_20080.png
L_0013	history of earths life forms	T_0125	FIGURE 12.13 Mudskippers are fish that are able to walk short distances.	image	textbook_images/history_of_earths_life_forms_20081.png
L_0013	history of earths life forms	T_0125	FIGURE 12.14 Halkieria, or scale worms, are an example of a fossil life from the Cambrian.	image	textbook_images/history_of_earths_life_forms_20082.png
L_0013	history of earths life forms	T_0126	FIGURE 12.15 Plesiosaurs were swimming dinosaurs.	image	textbook_images/history_of_earths_life_forms_20083.png
L_0013	history of earths life forms	T_0127	FIGURE 12.16 (A) A sea dragon is a type of fish. (B) African maribou. (C) Elephant shrew. (D) A mountain gorilla mother holding her baby. (E) A dolphin pod. Era Millions of Years Ago 251 Major Forms of Life Age of dinosaurs begins	image	textbook_images/history_of_earths_life_forms_20084.png
L_0024	air movement	T_0240	FIGURE 15.19 Differences in air temperature cause con- vection currents and wind.	image	textbook_images/air_movement_20151.png
L_0024	air movement	T_0242	FIGURE 15.20 Land and sea breezes blow because of daily differences in heating.	image	textbook_images/air_movement_20152.png
L_0024	air movement	T_0243	FIGURE 15.21 Monsoons blow over southern Asia.	image	textbook_images/air_movement_20153.png
L_0024	air movement	T_0244	FIGURE 15.22 Global winds occur in belts around the globe.	image	textbook_images/air_movement_20154.png
L_0024	air movement	T_0247	FIGURE 15.23 This jet stream helps planes fly quickly from west to east over North America. How do you think it affects planes that fly from east to west?	image	textbook_images/air_movement_20155.png
L_0026	changing weather	T_0263	FIGURE 16.6 North American air masses.	image	textbook_images/changing_weather_20161.png
L_0026	changing weather	T_0266	FIGURE 16.7 Cold fronts often bring stormy weather.	image	textbook_images/changing_weather_20162.png
L_0026	changing weather	T_0267	FIGURE 16.8 Warm fronts generally bring cloudy weather.	image	textbook_images/changing_weather_20163.png
L_0026	changing weather	T_0268	FIGURE 16.9 How does an occluded front differ from a warm or cold front?	image	textbook_images/changing_weather_20164.png
L_0027	storms	T_0271	FIGURE 16.11 A coast guard officer looks for survivors of Hurricane Katrina.	image	textbook_images/storms_20166.png
L_0027	storms	T_0273	FIGURE 16.12 A thunderhead is a cumulonimbus cloud.	image	textbook_images/storms_20167.png
L_0027	storms	T_0274	FIGURE 16.13 Lightning flashes across an Arizona sun- set.	image	textbook_images/storms_20168.png
L_0027	storms	T_0276	FIGURE 16.14 Tornadoes are small but mighty storms.	image	textbook_images/storms_20169.png
L_0027	storms	T_0277	FIGURE 16.15 Tornadoes are most common in the cen- tral part of the U.S.	image	textbook_images/storms_20170.png
L_0027	storms	T_0279	FIGURE 16.16 The eye of this hurricane is easy to see from space.	image	textbook_images/storms_20171.png
L_0027	storms	T_0281	FIGURE 16.17 Storm surge can cause serious flooding.	image	textbook_images/storms_20172.png
L_0027	storms	T_0283	FIGURE 16.18 Blizzard in Washington, D.C. Blizzards are unusual in Washington, D.C many parts of the United States. Do they ever occur where you live?	image	textbook_images/storms_20173.png
L_0028	weather forecasting	T_0287	FIGURE 16.23 The greater the air pressure outside the tube, the higher the mercury rises inside the tube. Mercury can rise in the tube because theres no air pressing down on it.	image	textbook_images/weather_forecasting_20178.png
L_0028	weather forecasting	T_0288	FIGURE 16.24 Some of the most commonly used weather instruments. (a) Thermome- ter: temperature, (b) Anemometer: wind speed, (c) Rain gauge: amount of rain, (d) Hygrometer: humidity, (e) Wind vane: wind direction, (f) Snow gauge: amount of snow.	image	textbook_images/weather_forecasting_20179.png
L_0028	weather forecasting	T_0288	FIGURE 16.25 Weather stations collect data on land and sea. Weather balloons, satellites, and radar collect data in the atmosphere. Many weather satellites orbit Earth. They constantly collect and transmit weather data from high above the surface. A radar device sends out radio waves in all directions. The waves bounce off water in the atmosphere and then return to the sender. The radar data shows where precipitation is falling. Its raining in the orange-shaded area shown above.	image	textbook_images/weather_forecasting_20180.png
L_0028	weather forecasting	T_0290	FIGURE 16.26 This weather map shows air pressure contours. Which state has the lowest air pressure shown on the map?	image	textbook_images/weather_forecasting_20181.png
L_0029	climate and its causes	T_0295	FIGURE 17.2 Find the cool spot in Asia at 30 north lat- itude. Why is it cool for its latitude? (Hint: What else might influence temperature?)	image	textbook_images/climate_and_its_causes_20183.png
L_0029	climate and its causes	T_0297	FIGURE 17.3 Global air currents are shown on the left. You can see how they affect climate on the right.	image	textbook_images/climate_and_its_causes_20184.png
L_0029	climate and its causes	T_0298	FIGURE 17.4 The usual direction of the wind where you live depends on your latitude. This determines where you are in the global wind belts.	image	textbook_images/climate_and_its_causes_20185.png
L_0029	climate and its causes	T_0301	FIGURE 17.5 The Gulf Stream moves warm equatorial water up the western Pacific and into northern Europe, where it raises temper- atures in the British Isles.	image	textbook_images/climate_and_its_causes_20186.png
L_0029	climate and its causes	DD_0023	This diagram shows the effect of rains on hills. The moist air from the green side of the hills rising up in the air and condenses as water vapor. This is called precipitation. The other side of the hill form the rain shadow region. Rain shadow region is a region having little rainfall because it is sheltered from prevailing rain-bearing winds by a range of hills. The dry air descends from this region.	image	teaching_images/rain_shadow_7524.png
L_0029	climate and its causes	DD_0024	The diagram is a representation of how a rain shadow is formed. A rain shadow is a dry region of land on the side of a mountain range that is protected from the prevailing winds. Prevailing winds are the winds that occur most of the time in a particular location on the Earth. The protected side of a mountain range is also called the lee side or the down-wind side. Prevailing winds carry air toward the mountain range. As the air rises up over a mountain range, the air cools, water vapor condenses, and clouds form. On this side of the mountains, called the windward side, precipitation falls in the form of rain or snow. The windward side of a mountain range is moist and lush because of this precipitation. Once the air passes over the mountain range, it moves down the other side, warms, and dries out. This dry air produces a rain shadow. Land in a rain shadow is typically very dry and receives much less precipitation and cloud cover than land on the windward side of the mountain range.	image	teaching_images/rain_shadow_8185.png
L_0032	ecosystems	T_0324	FIGURE 18.1 An ecosystem can be big or small. A small ecosystem can be part of a larger ecosystem.	image	textbook_images/ecosystems_20208.png
L_0032	ecosystems	T_0326	FIGURE 18.2 Which abiotic factors do you see here?	image	textbook_images/ecosystems_20209.png
L_0032	ecosystems	T_0327	FIGURE 18.3 A lion hunts a water buffalo. What is the water buffalos niche?	image	textbook_images/ecosystems_20210.png
L_0032	ecosystems	T_0330	FIGURE 18.4 Microbes use chemicals to make food. The chemicals pour out of a crack on the ocean floor at a mid-ocean ridge. What consumers live in this ecosystem?	image	textbook_images/ecosystems_20211.png
L_0032	ecosystems	T_0331	FIGURE 18.5 Examples of the main types of consumers. Can you name other consumers of each type?	image	textbook_images/ecosystems_20212.png
L_0032	ecosystems	T_0333	FIGURE 18.6 Ways consumers get food. Do you know how earthworms get food?	image	textbook_images/ecosystems_20213.png
L_0032	ecosystems	T_0334	FIGURE 18.7 What do the arrows stand for in a food chain?	image	textbook_images/ecosystems_20214.png
L_0032	ecosystems	T_0336	FIGURE 18.8 The owl in this food web consumes at two different levels. What are they?	image	textbook_images/ecosystems_20215.png
L_0032	ecosystems	T_0336	FIGURE 18.9 This diagram shows two cycles. One is the cycle of energy, the other is the cycle of matter. Compare the two cycles. Do you see how the Sun keeps adding energy? Thats because energy is lost at each step of the cycle. Matter doesnt have to be added. Can you explain why?	image	textbook_images/ecosystems_20216.png
L_0093	air masses	T_0915	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/air_masses_20613.png
L_0100	biological communities	T_0947	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/biological_communities_20632.png
L_0100	biological communities	T_0948	FIGURE 1.2	image	textbook_images/biological_communities_20633.png
L_0100	biological communities	T_0949	FIGURE 1.3 Birds living in a saguaro cactus. A habitat may be a hole in a cactus or the underside of a fern in a rainforest. It may be rocks and the nearby sea.	image	textbook_images/biological_communities_20634.png
L_0101	blizzards	T_0951	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/blizzards_20635.png
L_0101	blizzards	T_0951	FIGURE 1.2	image	textbook_images/blizzards_20636.png
L_0101	blizzards	T_0952	FIGURE 1.3	image	textbook_images/blizzards_20637.png
L_0102	branches of earth science	T_0953	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/branches_of_earth_science_20638.png
L_0102	branches of earth science	T_0955	FIGURE 1.2	image	textbook_images/branches_of_earth_science_20639.png
L_0102	branches of earth science	T_0957	FIGURE 1.3	image	textbook_images/branches_of_earth_science_20640.png
L_0115	collecting weather data	T_1021	FIGURE 1.1 A land-based weather station.	image	textbook_images/collecting_weather_data_20673.png
L_0115	collecting weather data	T_1023	FIGURE 1.2	image	textbook_images/collecting_weather_data_20674.png
L_0115	collecting weather data	T_1024	FIGURE 1.3	image	textbook_images/collecting_weather_data_20675.png
L_0149	effect of continental position on climate	T_1125	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/effect_of_continental_position_on_climate_20732.png
L_0152	effects of air pollution on the environment	T_1133	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/effects_of_air_pollution_on_the_environment_20735.png
L_0152	effects of air pollution on the environment	T_1135	FIGURE 1.2	image	textbook_images/effects_of_air_pollution_on_the_environment_20736.png
L_0160	evolution plate tectonics and climate change	T_1155	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/evolution_plate_tectonics_and_climate_change_20754.png
L_0164	extinction and radiation of life	T_1168	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/extinction_and_radiation_of_life_20763.png
L_0168	flow of matter in ecosystems	T_1185	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/flow_of_matter_in_ecosystems_20778.png
L_0182	global wind belts	T_1234	FIGURE 1.1 The major wind belts and the directions that they blow.	image	textbook_images/global_wind_belts_20812.png
L_0182	global wind belts	T_1237	FIGURE 1.2	image	textbook_images/global_wind_belts_20813.png
L_0193	history of cenozoic life	T_1265	FIGURE 1.1 The saber-toothed cat lived during the Pleistocene.	image	textbook_images/history_of_cenozoic_life_20829.png
L_0194	history of mesozoic life	T_1269	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/history_of_mesozoic_life_20830.png
L_0195	history of paleozoic life	T_1274	FIGURE 1.1 Trilobites were shallow marine animals that flourished during the lower Paleozoic.	image	textbook_images/history_of_paleozoic_life_20835.png
L_0195	history of paleozoic life	T_1274	FIGURE 1.2	image	textbook_images/history_of_paleozoic_life_20836.png
L_0200	hurricanes	T_1293	FIGURE 1.1	image	textbook_images/hurricanes_20851.png

L_1004

refraction

T_4792

FIGURE 1.1 Click image to the left or use the URL below. URL: https://www.ck12.org/flx/render/embeddedobject/179078

image

textbook_images/refraction_23055.png

L_1010

saturation

T_4810

FIGURE 1.1

image

textbook_images/saturation_23062.png

L_1015

scientific measuring devices

T_4826

FIGURE 1.1

image

textbook_images/scientific_measuring_devices_23065.png

L_1015

scientific measuring devices

T_4826

FIGURE 1.2

image

textbook_images/scientific_measuring_devices_23066.png

L_1015

scientific measuring devices

T_4826

FIGURE 1.3

image

textbook_images/scientific_measuring_devices_23067.png

L_1026

solenoid

T_4858

FIGURE 1.1

image

textbook_images/solenoid_23080.png

L_1027

solids

T_4861

FIGURE 1.1

image

textbook_images/solids_23082.png

L_1027

solids

T_4861

FIGURE 1.2

image

textbook_images/solids_23083.png

L_1027

solids

T_4861

FIGURE 1.3

image

textbook_images/solids_23084.png

L_1028

solubility

T_4863

FIGURE 1.1

image

textbook_images/solubility_23085.png

L_1029

solute and solvent

T_4866

FIGURE 1.1 To dissolve a nonpolar solute such as oil-based paint, a nonpolar solvent such as paint thinner must be used.

image

textbook_images/solute_and_solvent_23086.png

L_1029

solute and solvent

T_4868

FIGURE 1.2

image

textbook_images/solute_and_solvent_23087.png

L_1031

solutions

T_4872

FIGURE 1.1

image

textbook_images/solutions_23089.png

L_1031

solutions

T_4874

FIGURE 1.2

image

textbook_images/solutions_23090.png

L_1031

solutions

T_4874

FIGURE 1.3

image

textbook_images/solutions_23091.png

L_1037

states of matter

T_4894

FIGURE 1.1

image

textbook_images/states_of_matter_23099.png

L_1037

states of matter

T_4894

FIGURE 1.2

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textbook_images/states_of_matter_23100.png

L_1047

temperature

T_4918

FIGURE 1.1

image

textbook_images/temperature_23113.png

L_0001

the nature of science

T_0002

FIGURE 1.1 The Scientific Method.

image

textbook_images/the_nature_of_science_20001.png

L_0001

the nature of science

T_0002

FIGURE 1.2 Soil is often lost from ground that has been plowed.

image

textbook_images/the_nature_of_science_20002.png

L_0001

the nature of science

T_0003

FIGURE 1.3 Rather than breaking up soil like in this picture, the farmer could try no-till farming methods.

image

textbook_images/the_nature_of_science_20003.png

L_0001

the nature of science

T_0006

FIGURE 1.4 A pair of farmers take careful measure- ments in the field.

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textbook_images/the_nature_of_science_20004.png

L_0001

the nature of science

T_0010

FIGURE 1.5 Earths Center.

image

textbook_images/the_nature_of_science_20005.png

L_0001

the nature of science

T_0011

FIGURE 1.6 A collision showing a meteor striking Earth.

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textbook_images/the_nature_of_science_20006.png

L_0001

the nature of science

T_0013

FIGURE 1.7 Safety Symbols: A. Corrosive , B. Oxidiz- ing Agent, C. Toxic, D. High Voltage.

image

textbook_images/the_nature_of_science_20007.png

L_0001

the nature of science

T_0014

FIGURE 1.8 A medical researcher protects herself and her work with a net cap, safety goggles, a mask, and gloves.

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textbook_images/the_nature_of_science_20008.png

L_0005