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870666	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christabel%20Pankhurst	Christabel Pankhurst	Dame Christabel Harriette Pankhurst, (; 22 September 1880 – 13 February 1958) was a British woman. She was born in Manchester, England. She was a suffragette, which means she wanted England to give women the right to vote. She was one of the founders of the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU). In 1914, she supported Britain going to war against Germany in World War I. Early life Christabel Pankhurst was the daughter of Emmeline Pankhurst and Richard Pankhurst. She had two sisters: Sylvia and Adela Pankhurst. Her father was a barrister, which is a high-ranking lawyer, and her mother owned a small shop. Education Pankhurst learned to read at home on her own before she went to school. She went to Manchester High School for Girls with her two sisters. She got a law degree from the University of Manchester, and received honours on her LL.B. exam. However, Pankhurst could not practise law because she was a woman. British law did not allow women to be lawyers at that time. Death Christabel died 13 February 1958, at the age of 77. She was buried in the Woodlawn Memorial Cemetery in Santa Monica, California. Recognition after death There is a profile bust, which is a small statue, of Christabel Pankhurst on the right pylon of the Emmeline and Christabel Pankhurst Memorial in Victoria Tower Gardens. The sculpture was put there in 1959. References 1880 births 1958 deaths
870672	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lun%C3%ADk%20IX	Luník IX	Luník IX is a borough (city ward) in the city of Košice, Slovakia, in the Košice II district. It is located in the western-central part of the city, surrounded by the boroughs of Pereš, Myslava, Barca, Juh and Západ. Luník IX houses the largest community of Romani people in Slovakia. It was originally built for 2,500 people. Estimates are that its population in 2021 is three times larger. Living standards are low. Services such as gas, water, and electricity are usually cut off, because the majority of inhabitants are not paying rent or utilities fees. Health standards are low: diseases such as hepatitis, head lice, diarrhoea, scabies, and meningitis are common. Almost all people in the borough [[[unemployment\|do not have a job]]. The borough has one elementary school and a kindergarten. Luník IX is serviced by a bus line, which stops only on selected bus stops. Boarding the bus is only allowed through the front door. Due to frequent attacks of aggressive residents, bus drivers deployed on the line receive a hazard pay. History There was a Romani village which was close by, but it was demolished in 1979. The Romani people were moved into Lunik IX. There was a landfill nearby. In the 1980s, about 2.000 people lived in Lunik IX, about half of them were Romani. Over time, the non-Romani population moved away, with the Romani taking flats after their departure, and the borough turned into a Romani ghetto. In 1995, the city council of Košice created a plan for the living conditions of dodgers, the maladjusted, and people from illegally occupied flats around Košice. They were to be moved into Luník IX, with "non-problematic" families being moved out if they requested it. The realization of this plan is on-going. Statistics Area: Population: 6,411 (December 2017) Density of population: 6,000/km² (December 2017) District: Košice II Mayor: Marcel Šaňa (as of 2018 elections) References Webarchive template wayback links Coordinates on Wikidata Slovakia
870674	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antisymmetric%20matrix	Antisymmetric matrix	For the electromagnetic field, the curvature form is an antisymmetric matrix whose elements are the electric field and magnetic field: the electromagnetic tensor. Linear algebra
870728	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deja%20Vu%20%28Olivia%20Rodrigo%20song%29	Deja Vu (Olivia Rodrigo song)	Déjà Vu was released on April 1, 2021 on Geffen and Interscope records by singer-songwriter Olivia Rodrigo, the title of his own Deja Vu comment written and recorded in 2020 for releasing Deja Vu on April 1.
870768	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khawlah%20bint%20Hakim	Khawlah bint Hakim	Khawlah bint Hakim (Arabic: خولة بنت حكيم) was one of Muhammad's female companions, who was the wife of 'Uthman ibn Majoon. And was about Muhammad's aunt. References Female Sahabah
870770	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%20Collier	Don Collier	Don Collier (October 17, 1928 – September 13, 2021) was an American actor. He was best known for his roles in The High Chaparral, Bonanza, Gunsmoke and Outlaws as Marshal Will Foreman. Collier died at age 92 in Harrodsburg, Kentucky, from lung cancer on September 13, 2021. References Other websites 1928 births 2021 deaths American movie actors American television actors American stage actors American voice actors Deaths from lung cancer Actors from Santa Monica, California
870771	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike%20Boyle	Mike Boyle	Michael David Boyle (January 19, 1944 – September 13, 2021) was an American politician and lawyer. He was a member of the Democratic Party. Boyle was born in Los Angeles, California. He was the Mayor of Omaha, Nebraska between 1981 until 1987. Boyle died on September 13, 2021 in Omaha from pneumonia caused by lung cancer at the age of 77. References 1944 births 2021 deaths Deaths from pneumonia Deaths from lung cancer American mayors Lawyers from Los Angeles Politicians from Los Angeles Businesspeople from Los Angeles Politicians from Omaha, Nebraska Businesspeople from Omaha, Nebraska US Democratic Party politicians
870772	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khawlah%20bint%20al-Azwar	Khawlah bint al-Azwar	Khawlah bint al-Azwar (Arabic: خولة بنت الأزور) was a famous woman of Muhammad's time and later a military leader. She is described as one of the best fighters in history. On the battlefield, the opposition compared him to Khalid bin Walid . She was the sister of Dhihar bin Al-Azwar who was a soldier and commander of Rashidun army. Khawlah was born in the seventh century. Her father was the leader of the Banu Asad tribe. Khawlah has fought alongside his brother in many battles. These include the Battle of Yarmouk against the Byzantine Emperor in 638 AD. On the fourth day of the battle, Khawlah fought against the Byzantine army with a group of women and defeated the commander-in-chief. She was wounded while fighting against a Greek soldier. References Female Sahabah
870773	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio%20Verini	Antonio Verini	Antonio Verini (30 June 1936 – 12 September 2021) was an Italian politician. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies in 2006. He was a member of the Regional Council of Abruzzo from 2005 until 2008. He was a member of the Liberal Democrats. Verini was born in Campotosto, Italy. Verini died on 12 September 2021 at the age of 85. References 1936 births 2021 deaths Italian politicians
870774	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campotosto	Campotosto	Campotosto (Sabino: ) is a comune and town in the province of L'Aquila. It is in the Abruzzo region of central Italy. References Settlements in Abruzzo
870775	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giannis%20Theonas	Giannis Theonas	Giannis Theonas (29 October 1940 – 12 September 2021) was a Greek politician. He was a Member of the European Parliament from 1994 until 2001. He was a member of the Communist Party. From 2015 until his death, he was a member of the Hellenic Parliament. He was born in Naxos, Greece. Theonas died on 12 September 2021 in Athens at the age of 80. References 1940 births 2021 deaths Greek politicians
870776	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fakhitah%20bint%20Abi%20Talib	Fakhitah bint Abi Talib	Fakhitah bint Abi Talib, also known as Umm Hani bint Abi Talib (Arabic فاختة بنت أبي طالب), was Muhammad's cousin. Umm Hani was the daughter of Abu Talib. He was a hadith narrator. References Female Sahabah
870779	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonja%20Sohn	Sonja Sohn	Sonja Denise Plack ( Williams; born May 9, 1964), better known as Sonja Sohn, is an American actress. She is known for playing Baltimore detective Kima Greggs in the HBO series The Wire (2002–2008). She is also an activist and filmmaker. She co-wrote and starred in the movie Slam (1998). She also directed the HBO documentary Baltimore Rising (2017), about the 2015 Baltimore protests. Sohn's other TV roles include Samantha Baker in Body of Proof, Laverne Johnson in The Chi and Gabrielle Burnham in Star Trek: Discovery. Sohn was born at Fort Benning, Georgia. Her mother was Korean and her father was an African American. Her parents met when her father was stationed in South Korea after the Korean War. She grew up in Newport News, Virginia. Sohn has two daughters, born in 1986 and 1990. She was married to Australian-born musician Adam Plack from 2003 to 2011. References Other websites 1964 births Living people Actors from Georgia (U.S. state) Actors from Virginia American activists African-American movie actors African American movie directors African American movie producers African-American screenwriters African-American television actors People from Newport News, Virginia
870791	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservative%20Party%20%28Norway%29	Conservative Party (Norway)	The Conservative Party is a liberal-conservative political party in Norway. It is the major party of the Norwegian centre-right. The current party leader is Opposition Leader Erna Solberg. The party is a member of the International Democrat Union and part of the European People's Party. References 19th-century establishments in Norway 1884 establishments in Europe Political parties in Norway
870793	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaynab%20bint%20Ali	Zaynab bint Ali	Zaynab bint Ali (, ; 3 August 626682), was the daughter of the fourth Rashidun Caliph and the first Shia Imam Ali bin Abi Talib. She is the third child of Ali ibn Abi Talib and his wife Fatima. Reference Female Sahabah
870799	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messenger%20Kids	Messenger Kids	Messenger Kids is a messaging app and platform released by Facebook in December 2017. The platform is designed for a young audience as a safer alternative to the Facebook Messenger platform. Users can register with their first and last names instead of phone numbers. It was initially launched for iPad tablets with the iOS operating system in the United States only, though later support for iPhone and Android devices was added and it was rolled out in Canada, Peru, and Mexico. Parents have oversight and control, with requirements about identity verification and approval of contacts. There are no in-app purchases nor advertisements, and thus also no data collection for advertising purposes, children's accounts are not visible in search on Facebook, and the child's account does not automatically migrate to a full Facebook account once the child turns 13 years old (the minimum age for Facebook registration). It features augmented reality filters and lenses, along with games and educational content. Messaging
870800	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trygve%20Slagsvold%20Vedum	Trygve Slagsvold Vedum	Trygve Magnus Slagsvold Vedum (born 1 December 1978) is a Norwegian politician. He is a member of the Centre Party. In 2021, he became a minister in the Cabinet of prime minister Støre as Minister of Finance. He is an MP for Hedmark since 2005. He was leader of the Centre Party since 2014. References 1978 births Living people Norwegian politicians
870801	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre%20Party%20%28Norway%29	Centre Party (Norway)	The Centre Party (, Sp) is a political party in Norway. It is a centrist party. References 20th-century establishments in Norway 1920 establishments in Europe Political parties in Norway
870802	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvi%20Listhaug	Sylvi Listhaug	Sylvi Listhaug (born 25 December 1977) is a Norwegian politician. She has been the leader of the Progress Party since 2021. She was Minister for the Elderly and Public Health of Norway under Prime Minister Erna Solberg from May to December 2019. She was the Minister of Petroleum and Energy of Norway from December 2019 to January 2020. References 1977 births Living people Norwegian politicians
870803	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Sahabah	List of Sahabah	Aṣ-ṣaḥābah (), were individuals who have met and met the Prophet Muhammad of Islam while he was alive; Accepted Islam at their hands and gained their companionship; But Islamic faith have died while in terms of the Prophet of Islam, the Companions is called. A Abu Bakr As-Siddiq Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr Abdullah ibn Ja'far Abdu'l-Rahman ibn Abu Bakr Abdur Rahman ibn Sakran 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf Abdullah ibn Abbas Abd-Allah ibn Abd-Allah ibn Ubayy 'Abd Allah ibn 'Amr ibn al-'As Abdallah ibn Amir Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr Abdullah ibn Hudhafah as-Sahmi Abdullah ibn Jahsh Abdullah ibn Masud Abdullah ibn Suhayl Abd Allah ibn Hanzala Abd Allah ibn Mas'ada al-Fazari 'Abd Allah ibn Rawahah Abdullah ibn Salam Abdullah ibn Unais Yonis Aden Abdullah ibn Amr ibn Haram Abdullah ibn Zayd Abdullah ibn Umar Abd-Allah ibn Umm-Maktum Abdullah ibn Atik Abbad ibn Bishr Abu Basir Abu Darda Abū l-Ṭufayl ʿĀmir b. Wāthila al-Kinānī Abîd ibn Hamal Abîd ibn Hunay Abu al-Aas ibn al-Rabiah Abu Ayyub al-Ansari ‘Abbas ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib Abu Dardaa Abû Dhar al-Ghifârî Abu Dujana Abu Fuhayra Abu Hudhaifah ibn Mughirah Abu-Hudhayfah ibn Utbah Abu Hurairah Abu Jandal ibn Suhail Abu Lubaba ibn Abd al-Mundhir Abu Musa al-Ashari Abu Sa`id al-Khudri Abu Salama `Abd Allah ibn `Abd al-Asad Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith Abu Sufyan ibn Harb Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah Abu Zama' al-Balaui Adî ibn Hâtim at-Tâî Ahnaf ibn Qais Ahzâb bin Usaid (pronounced with an alif) `Âisha bint Abî Bakr Al-'Ala' Al-Hadrami Al-Bara' ibn Mâlik al-Ansârî Al-Hakam ibn Abi al-As Ali ibn Abu Talib Al-Qa'qa'a ibn Amr at-Tamimi Ammar bin Yasir Amr bin Al`âs Amr ibn al-Jamuh Amru bin Ma'adi Yakrib Anas ibn Nadhar Anas ibn Mâlik An-Nu`aymân ibn `Amr An-Nu`mân ibn Muqarrin Aqeel ibn Abi Talib Al-Arqam ibn-abil-Arqam Asmâ' bint Abî Bakr Asmâ' bint Umays Asim ibn Thabit Asim ibn Amr al-Tamimi Atiqa bint Zayd Attab ibn Asid At-Tufayl ibn Amr ad-Dawsi Ayman ibn Ubayd Ayyash ibn abi Rabiah Abu Mihjan as Tsaqafi B Bashir ibn Sa'ad Bilal ibn Rabah Bilal ibn al-Harith D Dihyah al-Kalbi Dhiraar bin Al-Azwar F Fadl ibn Abbas Fatima az-Zahra bint Muhammad Fatima bint Al-Aswad Fatima bint Asad Fayruz ad-Daylami Fatimah bint al-Khattab H Habab ibn Mundhir Habib ibn Zayd al-Ansari Habibah binte Ubayd-Allah Hafsa bint Umar ibn al-Khattab Hakim ibn Hizam Halimah bint Abi Dhuayb Hammanah bint Jahsh Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib Hanzala Ibn Abi Amir Harith ibn Hisham Harith ibn Rab'i Hashim ibn Utbah Hassan ibn Thabit Hatib bin Abi Balta'ah Hind bint Awf (ar) Hind bint Utbah Hind bint Hala Hisham ibn al-A'as Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman Hujr ibn 'Adi Hasan ibn Ali Hussain ibn Ali I Ibrahim ibn Muhammad Ikrima ibn Abi Jahl Imran ibn Husain Iyad ibn Ghanm J Jabr Jabir ibn Abdullah al-Ansari Jafar ibn Abi Talib Jubayr ibn Mut'im Julaybib Jaban al-Kurdi Jarir ibn Abdullah al-Bajali K Ka'b ibn Malik Ka'b ibn Zuhayr Khadijah bint Khuwaylid Khalid ibn al-Waleed Khalid ibn Sa`id Kharija bin Huzafa Khawlah bint Hakim Khubayb ibn Adiy Khunais ibn Hudhafa Khuzayma ibn Thabit Kinana ibn Rabi` Khabbab ibn al-Aratt Al-Khansa Khalid ibn Asid Khalid ibn Zayd L Labid ibn Rabi'a Layla bint al-Minhal Lubaba bint al-Harith Lubaynah M Malik al-Dar Maria al-Qibtiyya Malik al-Ashtar Maymuna bint al-Harith Malik ibn an-Nadr Mazin bin Ghadooba Miqdad ibn al-Aswad Mu`adh ibn `Amr Mu`adh ibn Jabal Muawiyah ibn Abu Sufiyan Mu`awwaz ibn `Amr Muhammad ibn Ja'far Muhammad ibn Maslamah Munabbih ibn Kamil Mus`ab ibn `Umair Malik bin Huwairith Maslama ibn Mukhallad al-Ansari Muhammad Ibn Talha Ibn Ubaidillah N Na'ila bint al-Farafisa Nauman Najiyah bint al-Walid Nuaym ibn Masud Nu'man ibn Bashir al-Ansari Nafi ibn al-Harith Nufay ibn al-Harith R Ratan Al Hindi Rab'ah ibn Umayah Rabiah ibn Kab Rabi'ah ibn al-Harith Ramlah bint Abi Sufyan Rayhanah bint Amr Rufaida Al-Aslamia Ruqayyah bint Muhammad Rumaysa bint Milhan S Sa`sa`a ibn Suhan Sa`d ibn Abî Waqâs Sa`d ibn ar-Rabi` Said ibn Jazied Sa`d ibn Malik Sa`d ibn Mu`âdh Sa`d ibn Ubadah Sabra ibn Ma`bad Sa`îd ibn Âmir al-Jumahi Sa`îd ibn Zayd Safiyyah bint ‘Abd al-Muttalib Safiyya bint Huyayy Safwan ibn al-Mu‘attal Safwan ibn Umayya Salama Abu Hashim Salama ibn al-Aqwa Salim Mawla Abi Hudhayfah Salma bint Umays Salma bint Sakhri ibn `Amir (Umm al-Khayr) Salman al-Fârisî Sahl ibn Sa'd Sahl ibn Hunaif Sahla bint Suhayl Salim Al-Rai Salit bin 'Amr 'Ala bin Hadrami Samra ibn Jundab Sawdah bint Zam`a As-Sakran ibn Amr Shams ibn Uthman Shadad ibn Aus Shurahbil ibn Hasana Al-Shifa bint Abdullah Sirin bint Sham'un Suhayb ar-Rumi Suhayl ibn Amr Sulafah bint sa'ad Sumayyah bint Khayyat Sufyan ibn Awf Suraqa bin Malik Shuja' ibn Wahab al-Asad Suwwad ibn qarib Sinan Bin Salamah bin Mohbik T Talhah ibn Ubaydullah Tamim Abu Ruqayya (see also Bayt Jibrin) Tamim al-Ansari Tamim al-Dari Thabit ibn Arqam Thabit ibn Qays Thumamah ibn Uthal Thuwaybah Tufail Ibn Amr Ad- Dawsi U Ubaydah ibn al-Harith Ubayda ibn as-Samit Ubayy ibn Ka'b ibn Qays Umar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb Umar ibn Harith Umayr ibn Sa'd al-Ansari Umayr ibn Wahb Umamah bint Zaynab Umm Ayman (Baraka bint Tha'laba) Umm Hakim Umm Hani Umm Haram Umm Kulthum bint Abi Bakr Umm Kulthum bint Asim Umm Khultum bint Jarwila Khuzima Umm Kulthum bint Muhammad Umm Kulthum bint Uqba Umm Ruman bint `Amir Umm Salamah Umm Sharik Umm Ubays Umm ul-Banin Ukasha Bin al-Mihsan Uqbah ibn Amir Urwah ibn Mas'ud Usama ibn Zayd Utbah ibn Ghazwan Utban ibn Malik Uthman ibn Affan Uthman ibn Hunayf Uthman ibn Madh'un Uthman ibn Talha W Wahb ibn Sa'd Wahb ibn Umayr Wahshi ibn Harb Walid ibn Uqba Walid ibn al Walid Y Yasir ibn Amir Yazid ibn Ruqaisy Z Zayd al-Khayr Zayd ibn al-Khattab Zayd ibn Arqam Zayd ibn Harithah Zayd ibn Thabit Zaynab bint Ali Zaynab bint Jahsh Zaynab bint Khuzayma Zaynab bint Muhammad Zish Shamalain Ziyad ibn Labid al-Ansari Zubair ibn al-Awam Zunairah al-Rumiya Other websites The lives of the Sahaba, by Muhammad Yusuf Kandhelvi. Sahaba, by Muhammad bin Ali Al-Shukani People from Mecca People from Medina Reference
870804	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progress%20Party%20%28Norway%29	Progress Party (Norway)	The Progress Party, commonly shortened as FrP, is a right-wing political party in Norway. The party is classical-liberal or libertarian. References Political parties in Norway
870805	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audun%20Lysbakken	Audun Lysbakken	Audun Bjørlo Lysbakken (born 30 September 1977) is a Norwegian politician. He is the leader of the Norwegian Socialist Left Party. His career in national politics began when he was elected to the Norwegian parliament in 2001. In 2006, he became deputy leader of the Socialist Left Party. He was the Minister of Children and Equality from October 2009 to March 2012. References 1977 births Living people Norwegian politicians
870807	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bj%C3%B8rnar%20Moxnes	Bjørnar Moxnes	Bjørnar Moxnes (born 19 December 1981) is a Norwegian politician and activist. He is a critic of the European Union. In 2012, he became Leader of the Red Party. In 2017, he was elected to the Storting. References 1981 births Living people Politicians from Oslo
870808	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guri%20Melby	Guri Melby	Guri Melby (born 3 February 1981) is a Norwegian politician. She was a member of the Liberal Party. She became party leader and Minister of Education in 2020. References 1981 births Living people Politicians from Oslo
870809	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal%20Party%20%28Norway%29	Liberal Party (Norway)	The Liberal Party (, V) is a centrist political party in Norway. It was founded in 1884 and it is the oldest political party in Norway. It is a liberal party. References 19th-century establishments in Norway 1884 establishments in Europe Political parties in Norway Liberal parties
870810	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Une%20Aina%20Bastholm	Une Aina Bastholm	Une Aina Bastholm (born 14 January 1986) is a Norwegian politician. In 2020, she became leader of Miljøpartiet De Grønne (Norway's Green party). She has represented Oslo in Stortinget (the Norwegian legislature) since 2017. References 1986 births Living people Politicians from Oslo
870811	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian%20Democratic%20Party%20%28Norway%29	Christian Democratic Party (Norway)	The Christian Democratic Party is a Christian-democratic political party in Norway. It was founded in 1933. The party is an observer member of the European People's Party (EPP). References 20th-century establishments in Norway 1930s establishments in Europe 1933 establishments Christian democratic parties Political parties in Norway
870812	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjell%20Ingolf%20Ropstad	Kjell Ingolf Ropstad	Kjell Ingolf Ropstad (born 1 June 1985) is a Norwegian politician. He is a member of the Christian Democratic Party. In 2019, he became the Minister of Children, Family and Church Affairs. The same year, he became leader of the Christian Democratic Party. He has been a member of the Norwegian Parliament Stortinget since 2009. References 1985 births Living people Norwegian politicians
870813	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vestland	Vestland	Vestland is a county in Norway that was created on 1 January 2020. The county is located in Western Norway and it is centred around the city of Bergen. References 21st-century establishments in Norway 2020 establishments in Europe Counties of Norway
870814	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedmark	Hedmark	Hedmark () was a county in Norway before 1 January 2020. It bordered Trøndelag to the north, Oppland to the west, Akershus to the south, and Sweden to the east. References Former counties of Norway
870815	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aust-Agder	Aust-Agder	Aust-Agder (, ) was a county (fylke) in Norway until 1 January 2020. It was merged with Vest-Agder to form Agder county. In 2002, there were 102,945 people living here. Other websites Political map Aust-Agder fylkeskommune (in English) Photogallery Former counties of Norway
870816	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20List	John List	John Emil List (September 17, 1925 – March 21, 2008) was an American murderer. Murders and trial On November 9, 1971, List killed his wife, mother, and three children at their home in Westfield, New Jersey. He then disappeared. A month after the murder, police discovered the dead bodies. List created a new identity, remarried, and was not arrested for nearly 18 years. He was finally arrested in Virginia on June 1, 1989, after the story of his murders was broadcast on the television program America's Most Wanted. He was convicted on five counts of murders and sentenced to life in prison. He was known as "The Boogeyman of Westfield." Death List died in prison in Trenton, New Jersey on March 21, 2008 from pneumonia at the age of 82. References Other websites Transcript of the five-page letter penned by List to his pastor following the murders of his family Newspaper articles on John List John List, famous murder – The Crime Library 1925 births 2008 deaths American murderers American people convicted of murder Criminals from Michigan Deaths from pneumonia People from Trenton, New Jersey Accountants People who died in prison custody in the United States
870820	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ichir%C5%8D%20Ozawa	Ichirō Ozawa	is a Japanese politician. He is a member of the House of Representatives since 1969. He was the Leader of the Opposition from 1995 until 1997 and again from 2006 until 2009. References 1942 births Living people Politicians from Tokyo
870822	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurbanmuhammet%20Kasymow	Gurbanmuhammet Kasymow	Gurbanmuhammet Kasymow, also spelled Kurbanmuhammed Kasymov or Gurbanmukhammet Kasimov, (July 30, 1954 – September 2, 2021) was a Turkmen politician and lawyer. He worked in the cabinet of President of Turkmenistan Saparmurat Niyazov. He was Minister of Internal Affairs from 1993 to 1998, Minister of Defense from 1998 to 1999, and Minister of Justice from 1999 until 2001. He was an Ambassador to China from 2001 to 2008 and Ambassador to Kazakhstan from 2008 until 2009. Kasymow died from problems caused by COVID-19 in Gokje, Turkmenistan on September 2, 2021, at the age of 68. References 1954 births 2021 deaths Turkmenistan politicians Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic Lawyers Ambassadors People from Ashgabat
870826	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurban%20Berdyev	Kurban Berdyev	Kurban Bekiyevich Berdyev (, ; born 25 August 1952) is a Turkmen football manager. He is the manager of Kazakhstani club FC Kairat. He holds Russian citizenship. Berdyev is thought to be one of the best football manager's in the world. References Other websites Profile at FC Rubin Kazan site 1952 births Living people Russian football managers Russian footballers People from Ashgabat
870828	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djohari%20Kahar	Djohari Kahar	Djohari Kahar (11 November 1931 – 12 September 2021) was an Indonesian politician. He was a member of Golkar. He was a member of the People's Representative Council and the People's Consultative Assembly from 1982 until 1992. Kahar was born in Solok, Indonesia. Kahar died on 12 September 2021 in Padang, Indonesia at the age of 89. References 1931 births 2021 deaths Indonesian politicians
870829	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parys%20Haralson	Parys Haralson	Parys Sharron Haralson (January 24, 1984 – September 13, 2021) was an American football linebacker. He played for the San Francisco 49ers between 2006 until 2012 and for the New Orleans Saints from 2013 until 2014. Haralson was born in Flora, Mississippi. Haralson died on September 13, 2021 at the age of 37. References 1984 births 2021 deaths American football linebackers San Francisco 49ers players New Orleans Saints players Sportspeople from Mississippi
870830	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora%2C%20Mississippi	Flora, Mississippi	Flora is a town in Madison County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 1,886 at the 2010 census. References Towns in Mississippi
870833	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed%20Badger	Ed Badger	Ed Badger (born November 5, 1932) is a former American college and professional basketball coach. He was born in West New York, New Jersey and was raised in Chicago. He coached the Chicago Bulls between 1976 until 1978. He also coached the Cincinnati Bearcats between 1978 until 1983. References 1932 births Living people Chicago Bulls head coaches Sportspeople from New Jersey
870834	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert%20C.%20Brown	Herbert C. Brown	Herbert Charles Brown (May 22, 1912 – December 19, 2004) was an American chemist. He won the 1979 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work with organoboranes. References 1912 births 2004 deaths American chemists Scientists from London Scientists from Chicago Naturalized citizens of the United States
870835	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg%20Wittig	Georg Wittig	Georg Wittig (; 16 June 1897 – 26 August 1987) was a German chemist. He was known for his work the synthesis of alkenes from aldehydes and ketones. It became known as the Wittig reaction. He shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Herbert C. Brown in 1979. References 1897 births 1987 deaths German chemists Scientists from Berlin
870836	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%20Bacon	Don Bacon	Donald John Bacon (born August 16, 1963) is an American politician and former military officer. He is the U.S. Representative for Nebraska's 2nd congressional district since 2017. He was a United States Air Force officer, before his retirement in 2014. Bacon is a member of the Republican Party. In a December 2020 Washington Post found that Bacon was one of 37 who said Joe Biden won the 2020 election and did not support President Donald Trump's voter fraud claims. In May 2021, Bacon was one of 35 Republicans who joined all Democrats in voting to approve legislation to create the January 6 commission meant to investigate the storming of the U.S. Capitol. He was one of only a few Republican lawmakers who openly supported the commission. References Other websites Congressman Don Bacon official U.S. House website Don Bacon for Congress 1963 births Living people United States representatives from Nebraska Politicians from Omaha, Nebraska Politicians from Illinois Military people from Illinois American generals US Republican Party politicians
870839	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/January%206%20commission	January 6 commission	The National Commission to Investigate the January 6 Attack on the United States Capitol Complex, known as the January 6 commission, was a proposed commission that would have investigated the 2021 United States Capitol attack. It was proposed on February 15 by Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Nancy Pelosi, who announced that she planned to create a "9/11-type commission". It would have had an equal number of Democrats and Republicans. A bill forming the commission passed the House of Representatives on May 19, with all Democrats and 35 Republicans voting in support of it. However, it was blocked by Senate Republicans on May 28, with 54 Senators voting in favor and 35 voting against. References 2021 United States Capitol attack
870845	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jake%20Angeli	Jake Angeli	Jake Angeli (born Jacob Anthony Angeli Chansley; 1987), also known as the "QAnon Shaman", "Q Shaman", and "Yellowstone Wolf", is an American activist and conspiracy theorist. He took part in the 2021 United States Capitol attack. He is a former supporter of ex-president Donald Trump. He has supported the QAnon conspiracy theory. After being photographed taking part in the storming of the Capitol, Angeli was arrested on January 9, 2021. He pleaded guilty to a single charge on September 3, 2021. References 1987 births Living people 2021 United States Capitol attack People from Glendale, Arizona American conservatives
870847	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klete%20Keller	Klete Keller	Klete Derik Keller (born March 21, 1982) is an American former competition swimmer. He won medals at the 2000, 2004, and 2008 Summer Olympics. He was born in Las Vegas, Nevada. In January 2021, Keller was arrested and charged with three offenses after being part of the 2021 storming of the United States Capitol. He was indicted on seven charges and has pleaded "not guilty". References 1982 births Living people American swimmers American Olympic gold medalists American Olympic bronze medalists American Olympic silver medalists 2021 United States Capitol attack Sportspeople from Las Vegas, Nevada
870848	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lua%20Blanco	Lua Blanco	Lua Maria Blanco (born March 5, 1987) is a Brazilian actress and singer. She began her career in 2008 in a participation in the telenovela Três Irmãs, in 2009 she acted in Young Hearts, she gained fame in 2011 by playing one of the six protagonists of the telenovela Rebelde Brasil. Lua dated Arthur Aguiar. Blanco was born in São Paulo. Filmography References Other websites Lua Blanco on Twitter. 1987 births Living people Brazilian actors Brazilian singers
870850	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/True%20Crime%20%28series%29	True Crime (series)	True Crime is a action-adventure video game series, developed by Luxorflux and published by Activision. Video game series
870855	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Because%20of%20Him	Because of Him	Because of Him is a 1946 American romantic comedy movie directed by Richard Wallace and starring Deanna Durbin, Charles Laughton, Franchot Tone, Helen Broderick, Stanley Ridges, Donald Meek, Charles Halton. It was distributed by Universal Pictures. Other websites Because of Him at IMDb 1946 romance movies 1940s comedy movies American romantic comedy movies Universal Pictures movies Movies directed by Richard Wallace
870859	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozambique%20%28movie%29	Mozambique (movie)	Mozambique is a 1965 British South African Portuguese drama movie directed by Robert Lynn and starring Steve Cochran, Hildegard Knef, Gert Van den Bergh, Paul Hubschmid, Vivi Bach. Other websites 1965 drama movies British drama movies South African movies Portuguese movies
870860	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dongergaon	Dongergaon	Dongargaon is a small village in Rajnandgaon, Chhattisgarh, India with a population of 14,693. References Villages in India Settlements in Chhattisgarh
870861	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajnandgaon	Rajnandgaon	Rajnandgaon is a city in Chhattisgarh, India with the population of 163,122. References Cities in India Settlements in Chhattisgarh
870865	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diyu	Diyu	Diyu (traditional Chinese: 地獄; "earth prison") is hell in Chinese mythology. It is based on Naraka concept about the afterlife. Diyu looks like a underground maze with many chambers. Souls are taken here to atone their sins during their life. Afterlife Buddhism
870866	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploitation%20of%20natural%20resources	Exploitation of natural resources	The exploitation of natural resources is the use of natural resources for economic growth, sometimes with a negative result in regards with the environment. It started to come out on an industrial scale in the 19th century as the extraction and processing of raw materials (such as in mining, steam power, and machinery) developed much further than it had in preindustrial areas. During the 20th century, energy use quickly increased. Today, about 80% of the world's energy use is sustained by the extraction of fossil fuels, which consists of oil, coal and natural gas. Natural resources
870867	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zayd%20ibn%20Harithah	Zayd ibn Harithah	Zayd ibn Harithah (, ) (c. 581–629 CE), was a Companion of the Prophet of Islam and his adopted son. He is the only Companion whose name appears in the Qur'an. Family tree * indicates that the marriage order is disputed Note that direct lineage is marked in bold. References Further reading Watt, Montgomery, Muhammad at Mecca, Oxford University Press, 1953 Watt, Montgomery, Muhammad at Medina, Oxford University Press, 1956 Lings, Martin. The life of Muhammad from the earliest sources. 629 deaths Family of Muhammad 581 births
870870	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qasim%20ibn%20Muhammad	Qasim ibn Muhammad	Qasim ibn Muhammad (), was the son of Muhammad and Khadija bint Khuwaylid. He died in 601 CE (before the start of his father's prophethood in 609), after his third birthday and is buried in Jannat al-Mu'alla cemetery, Mecca, Saudi Arabia. He was Muhammad's first child. That is why Prophet Muhammad's nickname or Kunia was A'bul Qasim. Qasim was born before the Prophethood and died in Makkah as a child. Reference Children of Muhammad 598 births 601 deaths People from Mecca
870876	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20the%20Catholic%20Church	History of the Catholic Church	The history of the Catholic Church is the formation, events, and change of the Catholic Church through time. The Catholic Church began with Jesus Christ and his teachings. It is a continuation of the early Christian community established by the Disciples of Jesus. The Church believes its bishops to be the successors to Jesus's apostles and the Church's leader, the Bishop of Rome (also known as the Pope), to be the only successor to Saint Peter who ministered in Rome in the first century AD after his appointment by Jesus as head of the Church. Christianity spread throughout the early Roman Empire, with all persecutions due to conflicts with the pagan state religion. In 313, the persecutions were lessened by the Edict of Milan with the legalization of Christianity by the Emperor Constantine I. In 380, under Emperor Theodosius, Christianity became the state religion of the Roman Empire by the Edict of Thessalonica. The battles of Toulouse preserved the Christian west against the Umayyad Muslim army, even though Rome itself was destroyed in 850, and Constantinople attacked. In the 11th century, already difficult relations between the mostly Greek church in the East, and the Latin church in the West, developed into the East-West Schism, partially due to conflicts over the Pope's authority. Before and during the 16th century, the Church started a process of reform and renewal. Reform during the 16th century is known as the Counter-Reformation. In later centuries, Catholicism spread widely across the world even though it experienced a reduction of European believers due to the growth of Protestantism and also because of religious doubt and distrust during and after the Enlightenment. The Second Vatican Council in the 1960s introduced the most big changes to Catholic practices since the Council of Trent four centuries before. Church beginnings Origins Early organization According to Catholic tradition, the Catholic Church was founded by Jesus Christ. The New Testament narrates about Jesus' activities, teaching, his appointment of the twelve Apostles, and his instructions to them to continue his work. The Catholic Church teaches that Pentocost signaled the beginning of the public ministry of the Church. In this event, the Holy Spirit came upon the apostles. According to the Catholic Church, Christ desginated Peter as the "rock" upon which he would build his church. Catholics hold that Saint Peter was Rome's first bishop. He started the unbroken line which includes the current pontiff, Pope Francis. That is, the Catholic Church maintains the apostolic succession of the Bishop of Rome, the Pope, who is the successor to Saint Peter. Conditions in the Roman Empire facilitated the spread of new ideas. The empire's network of roads and waterways allowed easier travel. Also, the Pax Romana made it safe to travel from one region to another. The government had encouraged inhabitants to learn Greek. Having a common language allowed ideas to be more easily expressed. Jesus's apostles gained converts in Jewish communities around the Mediterranean Sea. They established over 40 Christian communities by 100. Although most of these were in the Roman Empire, notable Christian communities were also established in Armenia, Iran and along the Indian Malabar Coast. The new religion was most successful in urban areas and it spread first among slaves and people of low social standing, and then among aristocratic women. At first, Christians continued to worship alongside Jewish believers. However, twenty years after Jesus's death, Sunday was being regarded as the primary day of worship. Christianity established itself as a separate religion when preachers such as Paul of Tarsus began converting Gentiles . To solve doctrinal differences, around year 50 the apostles gathered in the first Church council, the Council of Jerusalem. This council affirmed that Gentiles could become Christians without adopting all of the Mosaic Law. The early Christian Church was not very organized. This resulted in diverse interpretations of Christian beliefs. To have more consistency, by the end of the 2nd century Christian communities had developed a more structured hierarchy. The organization of the Church began to mimic that of the Empire. The churches in Antioch, Alexandria, and Rome were the most important. To solve problems about doctrine or policy, bishops often congregated in regional synods. This happened from the beginning of the 2nd century. By the 3r century, the bishop of Rome began to be asked about problems that other bishops could not resolve. Influential theologians, named Church Fathers, refined the doctrine. From the year 100, some teachers such as Ignatius of Antioch and Irenaeus defined Catholic teaching. This was done by opposing them to opposed them to Gnosticism. Theological apologists consolidated teachings and traditons. Among them we can find Pope Clement I and Augustine of Hippo. Persecutions Christianity required its adherents to renounce all other gods. This was adopted from Judaism and was different from most religions in the Roman Empire. As Christians refuse to join pagan celebrations, they weren't able to take part in much of public life. This caused non-Christians to fear that Christians were angering the gods (this meant a threat to the peace and prosperity of the Empire). Due to its secrecy, Christians were accused of practising incest and cannibalism. In the 3rd century, Christians were persecuted by order of the emperors. They hold them responsible for the Empire's crises. All residents were ordered to give sacrifices or be punished. Jews were exempted as long as they paid the Jewish Tax. Estimates of the number of Christians who were executed ranges from a few hundred to 50,000. Many fled or renounced their beliefs. In spite of these persecutions, evangelization efforts persisted. This led to the Edict of Milan which legalized Christianity in 313. By 380, Christianity had become the state religion of the Roman Empire. Late antiquity When Constantine became emperor of the Western Roman Empire in 312, he attributed his victory to the Christian God. Many soldiers in his army were Christians, and his army was his base of power. With Licinius, (Eastern Roman emperor), he issued the Edict of Milan which mandated toleration of all religions in the empire. The edict had little effect on the attitudes of the people. New laws were issued to codify some Christian beliefs and practices. Constantine's biggest effect on Christianity was his patronage: He gave land and money to the Church; He offered tax exemptions to ecclesiastical property and personnel. These gifts and later ones combined made the Church the largest landowner in the West by the 6th century. In a reflection of their increased power in the Empire, clergy began to adopt the dress of the royal household. During Constantine's reign, more or less half of the Christians Christian did not subscribe to the official church. Constantine feared that disunity would displease God, so he eliminated some sects. To resolve other disputes, Constantine began the practice of calling ecumenical councils. These councils determined obligatory interpretations of Church doctrine. Decisions made at the Council of Nicea (325) about the divinity of Christ led to a schism. The new religion, Arianism flourished outside the Roman Empire. Partially to distinguish themselves from Arians, Catholic devotion to Mary became more important. This was the cause to further schisms. In 380, mainstream Christianity (as opposed to Arianism) became the official religion of the Roman Empire. Christianity became more associated with the Empire. This was the reason why Christians living outside of the empire were persecuted, becasuse their rulers feared they would revolt in favor of the Emperor. In 385, capital punishment was first used upon a Christian 'heretic', namely Priscillian. During this period, the Bible as we know it today was first officially arranged in Church Councils or Synods. This was done through the process of official 'canonization'. Prior to these Councils or Synods, the Bible had already reached a form that was nearly identical to its current one: in 382 the Council of Rome first officially recognized the Biblical canon, listing the accepted books of the Old and New Testament, in 391 the Vulgate Latin translation of the Bible was made. Other accounts list the Council of Carthage of 397 as the Council that finalized the Biblical canon as it is known today. The Council of Ephesus in 431 declared that Jesus was both fully man and fully God. Two decades later, the Council of Chalcedon solidified Roman papal primacy. This added to continuing breakdown in relations between Rome and Constantinople, the seat of the Eastern Church. The Monophysite disagreements over the precise nature of the incarnation of Jesus led to the first of the various Oriental Orthodox Churches breaking away from the Catholic Church. Middle Ages Early Middle Ages After the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476, trinitarian Christianity and Arian Christianity competed for the conversion of the barbarian tribes. The 496 conversion of Clovis I, pagan king of the Franks, saw the beginning of a steady rise of the faith in the West. In 530, Saint Benedict wrote his Rule of St Benedict as a practical guide for monastic community life. Its message spread to monasteries throughout Europe. Monasteries became major conduits of civilization. They preserved craft and artistic skills and maintained intellectual culture. They functioned as spiritual , agricultural, economic and production centers. During this period the Visigoths and Lombards moved away from Arianism for Catholicism. Pope Gregory the Great reformed the ecclesiastical structures and administration. Then, he launched renewed missionary efforts. Missionaries such as Augustine of Canterbury, who was sent to begin the conversion of the Anglo-Saxons, others took Christianity into northern Europe. They spread Catholicism among the Germanic, and Slavic peoples. The Synod of Whitby of 664 was decisive for the reintegration of the Celtic Church of the British Isles into the Roman hierarchy,. And in Italy, the 728 Donation of Sutri and the 756 Donation of Pepin left the papacy in charge a sizable kingdom. The Donation of Constantine further consolidated the papal position over the western part of the former Roman Empire. In the early 8th century, Byzantine iconoclasm became a major source of conflict between the Eastern and Western parts of the Church. Byzantine emperors prohibited the creation and veneration of religious images. They saw them as violations of the Ten Commandments. Pope Gregory III vehemently disagreed. A new Empress Irene siding with the pope, called for an Ecumenical Council. In 787, the fathers of the Second Council of Nicaea "warmly received the papal delegates and his message". At the conclusion, 300 bishops, who were led by the representatives of Pope Hadrian I "adopted the Pope's teaching", in favor of icons. The papacy acquired a new protector in the West with the coronation of Charlemagne by Pope Leo III in 800 and the handing over of the keys to the Tomb of Saint Peter. This freed the pontiffs from the power of the emperor in Constantinople. However, it also led to a schism, because the emperors and patriarchs of Constantinople interpreted themselves as the true descendants of the Roman Empire. Pope Nicholas I had refused to recognize Patriarch Photios I of Constantinople, who in turn had attacked the pope as a heretic. This was because he kept the filioque in the creed, which referred to the Holy Spirit emanating from God the Father and the Son. The papacy was strengthened through this new alliance, which in the long term created a new problem for the Popes. This was that, in the Investiture controversy, succeeding emperors sought to appoint bishops and even future popes. After the disintegration of the Carolingian Empire and repeated incursions of Islamic forces into Italy, the papacy, without any protection, entered a phase of major weakness. High Middle Ages The Cluniac reform of monasteries that began in 910 placed abbots under the direct control of the pope rather than the secular control of feudal lords. This eliminated a major source of corruption and sparked a great monastic renewal. Monasteries, convents and cathedrals still operated all schools and libraries. They also often functioned as credit establishments promoting economic growth. After 1100, some older cathedral schools were divided into: lower grammar schools, and higher schools for advanced learning. Many of these higher schools developed into universities. It was here where notable theologians worked to explain the connection between human experience and faith. The most notable of these theologians, Thomas Aquinas, produced Summa Theologica, which synthesized of Aristotelian thought and the Gospel. Monastic contributions to western society included: the teaching of metallurgy, the introduction of new crops, the invention of musical notation, and the creation and preservation of literature. During the 11th century, the East–West schism divided Christianity forever. It started with a dispute on whether Constantinople or Rome held jurisdiction over the church in Sicily. This led to mutual excommunications in 1054. The Western (Latin) branch of Christianity has since become known as the Catholic Church. The Eastern (Greek) branch became known as the Orthodox Church. The Second Council of Lyon (1274) and the Council of Florence (1439) both failed to heal the schism. Some Eastern churches have since reunited with the Catholic Church, and others claim never to have been out of communion with the pope. Officially, the two churches remain in schism, although excommunications were mutually lifted in 1965. The 11th century saw the Investiture controversy between Emperor and Pope over the right to make church appointments. This was the first major phase of the struggle between Church and state in medieval Europe. The Papacy were the initial victors. However, Italians divided between Guelphs and Ghibellines in factions that lasted until the end of the Middle Ages. The dispute gradually weakened the Papacy, not least by drawing it into politics. Pope Urban II started the First Crusade in 1095 when he received an appeal from Byzantine emperor Alexius I to help repel a Turkish invasion. Urban believed that a Crusade might help bring about reconciliation with Eastern Christianity. Encouraged by reports of Muslim atrocities against Christians, a series of military campaigns began in 1096. They were known as the Crusades. They were intended to return the Holy Land to Christian control. The goal was not permanently realized. Also, the Crusades left a legacy of mutual distrust between Muslims and Western and Eastern Christians. The sack of Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade left Eastern Christians resentful. In 2001, Pope John Paul II apologized to the Orthodox Christians for the sins of Catholics including the sacking of Constantinople in 1204. Two new orders of architecture emerged from the Church of this era. The earlier Romanesque style combined massive walls, rounded arches and ceilings of masonry. To compensate for the absence of large windows, interiors were painted with scenes from the Bible and the lives of the saints. Later, the Basilique Saint-Denis marked a new trend in cathedral building when it utilized Gothic architecture. In other developments, the 12th century saw the founding of eight new monastic orders. Many of them functioned as Military Knights of the Crusades. Cistercian monk Bernard of Clairvaux had great influence over the new orders and produced reforms to ensure purity of purpose. His influence led Pope Alexander III to begin reforms that would lead to the establishment of canon law. In the following century, new mendicant orders were founded by Francis of Assisi and Dominic de Guzmán which brought consecrated religious life into urban settings. Catharism grew in Languedoc in the 12th-century. The Inquisition originated during the period of struggle against this heresy. After the Cathars were accused of murdering a papal legate in 1208, Pope Innocent III declared the Albigensian Crusade. Abuses committed during the crusade caused Innocent III to informally institute the first papal inquisition to prevent future massacres and root out the remaining Cathars. Formalized under Gregory IX, this Medieval inquisition executed an average of three people per year for heresy at its height. Over time, other inquisitions were launched by the Church or secular rulers. Its main objectives were to prosecute heretics, to respond to the threat of Moorish invasion or for political purposes. The accused were encouraged to renounce their heresy and those who did not could be punished by penance, fines, imprisonment or execution by burning. A growing sense of church-state conflicts marked the 14th century. To escape instability in Rome, Clement V in 1309 became the first of seven popes to reside in the fortified city of Avignon in southern France. This period was known as the Avignon Papacy. The papacy returned to Rome in 1378 at the urging of Catherine of Siena and others who felt the See of Peter should be in the Roman church. With the death of Pope Gregory XI later that year, the papal election was disputed between supporters of Italian and French-backed candidates. This led to the Western Schism. For 38 years, separate claimants to the papal throne sat in Rome and Avignon. Efforts at resolution further complicated the issue when a third compromise pope was elected in 1409. The matter was finally resolved in 1417 at the Council of Constance. There, the cardinals asked all three claimants to the papal throne to resign, and held a new election naming Martin V pope. Renaissance and reforms Discoveries and missionaries In the late 15th and early 16th centuries, European missionaries and explorers spread Catholicism to the Americas, Asia, Africa and Oceania. Pope Alexander VI, in the papal bull Inter caetera, awarded colonial rights over most of the newly discovered lands to Spain and Portugal. Under the patronato system, state authorities controlled clerical appointments and no direct contact was allowed with the Vatican. In December 1511, the Dominican friar Antonio de Montesinos openly rebuked the Spanish authorities governing Hispaniola for their mistreatment of the American natives, telling them "... you are in mortal sin ... for the cruelty and tyranny you use in dealing with these innocent people". King Ferdinand enacted the Laws of Burgos and Valladolid in response. Enforcement was lax, and while some blame the Church for not doing enough while others point to the Church as the only voice raised on behalf of indigenous peoples. The issue resulted in a crisis of conscience in 16th-century Spain. In 1521, through the leadership and preaching of the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan, the first Catholics were baptized in what became the first Christian nation in Southeast Asia, the Philippines. The following year, Franciscan missionaries arrived in what is now Mexico, and sought to convert the Indians and to provide for their well-being by establishing schools and hospitals. They taught the Indians better farming methods, and easier ways of weaving and making pottery. Because some people questioned whether the Indians were truly human and deserved baptism, Pope Paul III in the papal bull Veritas Ipsa or Sublimis Deus (1537) confirmed that the Indians were deserving people. Afterward, the conversion effort gained momentum. Over the next 150 years, the missions expanded into southwestern North America. In India, Portuguese missionaries and the Spanish Jesuit Francis Xavier evangelized among non-Christians and a Christian community which claimed to have been established by Thomas the Apostle. European Renaissance In Europe, the Renaissance marked a period of renewed interest in ancient and classical learning. It also brought a re-examination of accepted beliefs. Cathedrals and churches had long served as picture books and art galleries for millions of the uneducated. The Church sponsored great Renaissance artists like Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci. Although Church leaders were able to promote Renaissance humanism, there were also conflicts between clerics and humanists. In 1509, a well known scholar of the age, Erasmus, wrote The Praise of Folly, a work which captured a widely held unease about corruption in the Church. The Papacy itself was questioned by conciliarism expressed in the councils of Constance and the Basel. Real reforms during these ecumenical councils and the Fifth Lateran Council were attempted several times but prevented. They were seen as necessary but did not succeed in large measure because of internal feuds, ongoing conflicts with the Ottoman Empire and Saracenes and the simony and nepotism practiced in the Renaissance Church of the 15th and early 16th centuries. As a result, rich, powerful and worldly men like Roderigo Borgia (Pope Alexander VI) were able to win election to the papacy. Reformation era wars The Fifth Lateran Council issued some but only minor reforms in March 1517. A few months later, on 31 October 1517, Martin Luther posted his Ninety-Five Theses in public, hoping to spark debate. His theses protested key points of Catholic doctrine as well as the sale of indulgences. Huldrych Zwingli, John Calvin, and others also criticized Catholic teachings. These challenges, supported by powerful political forces in the region, developed into the Protestant Reformation. During this era, many people emigrated from their homes to areas which tolerated or practiced their faith. In Germany, the Reformation led to war between the Protestant Schmalkaldic League and the Catholic Emperor Charles V. The first nine-year war ended in 1555 . However, continued tensions produced a far graver conflict, the Thirty Years' War, which broke out in 1618. In the Netherlands, the wars of the Counter-Reformation were the Dutch Revolt and the Eighty Years' War. In France, a series of conflicts termed the French Wars of Religion was fought from 1562 to 1598 between the Huguenots and the forces of the French Catholic League. A series of popes sided with and became financial supporters of the Catholic League. This ended under Pope Clement VIII, who hesitantly accepted King Henry IV's 1598 Edict of Nantes, which granted civil and religious toleration to Protestants. In 1565, several hundred Huguenot shipwreck survivors surrendered to the Spanish in Florida, believing they would be treated well. Although a Catholic minority in their party was spared, all of the rest were executed for heresy, with active clerical participation. England The English Reformation was based on Henry VIII's desire for annulment of his marriage with Catherine of Aragon. It was initially more of a political, and later a theological dispute. The Acts of Supremacy made the English monarch head of the English church thereby establishing the Church of England. Then, beginning in 1536, some 825 monasteries throughout England, Wales and Ireland were dissolved and Catholic churches were confiscated.When he died in 1547 all monasteries, friaries, convents of nuns and shrines were destroyed or dissolved. Mary I of England reunited the Church of England with Rome and persecuted Protestants during the Marian Persecutions. After some provocation, the following monarch, Elizabeth I enforced the Act of Supremacy. This prevented Catholics from becoming members of professions, holding public office, voting or educating their children. Executions of Catholics and dissenting Protestants under Elizabeth I, who reigned much longer, then surpassed the Marian persecutions and persisted under the following English monarchs. Elizabeth I also executed other Penal laws were also enacted in Ireland but were less effective than in England. In part because the Irish people associated Catholicism with nationhood and national identity, they resisted persistent English efforts to eliminate the Catholic Church. Council of Trent The Council of Trent (1545–1563) became the driving-force of the Counter-Reformation, and reaffirmed central Catholic doctrines such as transubstantiation, and the need for love and hope as well as faith to attain salvation. It also reformed many other areas of importance to the Church. It did so by improving the education of the clergy and consolidating the central jurisdiction of the Roman Curia. The criticisms of the Reformation were among factors that sparked new religious orders including the Jesuits, which became the great missionary order of later years. Spiritual renewal and reform were inspired by many new saints like Teresa of Avila, Francis de Sales and Philip Neri. Their writings spawned distinct schools of spirituality within the Church (Oratorians, Carmelites, Salesian), etc. Improvement to the education of the laity was another positive effect of the era. To popularize Counter-Reformation teachings, the Church encouraged the Baroque style. Baroque religious expression was stirring and emotional, created to stimulate religious fervor. Elsewhere, Jesuit missionary Francis Xavier introduced the Catholic Church in Japan. Church growth came to a halt in 1597 under the Shogun Toyotomi Hideyoshi who, in an effort to isolate the country from foreign influences, launched a severe persecution of Christians. Japanese were forbidden to leave the country and Europeans were forbidden to enter. Despite this, a minority Christian population survived into the 19th century when Japan opened more to outside influence, and they continue to the present day. Baroque, Enlightenment and revolutions Marian devotions The Council of Trent generated a revival of religious life and Marian devotions in the Catholic Church. During the Reformation, the Church had defended its Marian beliefs against Protestant views. Pope Paul V and Gregory XV ruled in 1617 and 1622 to be inadmissible to state, that the virgin was conceived non-immaculate. Supporting the belief that the virgin Mary, in the first instance of her conception was preserved free from all stain of original sin (aka Immaculate Conception) Alexander VII declared in 1661, that the soul of Mary was free from original sin. Pope Clement XI ordered the feast of the Immaculata for the whole Church in 1708. The feast of the Rosary was introduced in 1716, the feast of the Seven Sorrows in 1727. The Angelus prayer was strongly supported by Pope Benedict XIII in 1724 and by Pope Benedict XIV in 1742. Popular Marian piety was even more colourful and varied than ever before: Numerous Marian pilgrimages, Marian Salve devotions, new Marian litanies, Marian theatre plays, Marian hymns, Marian processions. Marian fraternities, today mostly defunct, had millions of members. Enlightenment secularism The Enlightenment constituted a new challenge of the Church. Unlike the Protestant Reformation, the enlightenment questioned Christianity as a whole. Generally, it elevated human reason above divine revelation. It also and down-graded religious authorities such as the papacy based on it. Toward the latter part of the 17th century, Pope Innocent XI saw increasing Turkish attacks against Europe as a threat for the Church. He built a Polish-Austrian coalition for the Turkish defeat at Vienna in 1683. Innocent X and Clement XI fought against Jansenism and Gallicanism. Both supported Conciliarism, and rejected papal primacy. This weakened the Church's ability to respond to gallicanist thinkers such as Denis Diderot, who challenged fundamental doctrines of the Church. In 1685 gallicanist King Louis XIV of France issued the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, ending a century of religious toleration. France forced Catholic theologians to support conciliarism and deny Papal infallibility. The king threatened Pope Innocent XI with a general council and a military take-over of the Papal state. The absolute French State used Gallicanism to gain control of virtually all major Church appointments as well as many of the Church's properties. State authority over the Church became popular in other countries as well. In Belgium and Germany, Gallicanism appeared in the form of Febronianism. Emperor Joseph II of Austria (1780–1790) practiced Josephinism. He regulated Church life, appointments, and massive confiscation of Church properties. The 18th century is also the time of the Catholic Enlightenment, a multi-faceted reform movement. French Revolution and the Church in France until 1940 The anti-clericalism of the French Revolution promoted the nationalisation of church property and attempts to establish a state-run church. Large numbers of priests refused to take an oath of compliance to the National Assembly, leading to the Church being outlawed and replaced by a new religion of the worship of "Reason" but it never gained popularity. In this period, all monasteries were destroyed, 30,000 priests were exiled and hundreds more were killed. When Pope Pius VI sided against the revolution in the First Coalition, Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Italy. The 82-year-old pope was taken as a prisoner to France in February 1798 and soon died. To win popular support for his rule, Napoleon re-established the Catholic Church in France through the Concordat of 1801. The church lands were never returned, however the priests and other religious were given salaries by the government, which maintained church properties through tax revenues. Catholics were allowed to continue some of their schools. The end of the Napoleonic wars, signaled by the Congress of Vienna, brought Catholic revival and the return of the Papal States to the pope; the Jesuits were restored. France remained basically Catholic. The Revolution failed to destroy the Catholic Church, and Napoleon's concordat of 1801 restored its status. The return of the Bourbons in 1814 brought back many rich nobles and landowners who supported the Church. However, few new priests were trained in the 1790–1814 period, and many left the church. The result was that the number of parish clergy plunged from 60,000 in 1790 to 25,000 in 1815, many of them elderly. Entire regions, especially around Paris, were left with few priests. On the other hand, some traditional regions held fast to the faith, led by local nobles and historic families. The comeback was slow—very slow in the larger cities and industrial areas. With systematic missionary work and support from Napoleon III, there was a comeback. Conservative Catholics held control of the national government, 1820–1830. However, most often played secondary political roles or had to fight the assault from republicans, liberals, socialists and seculars. Throughout the lifetime of the Third Republic there were battles over the status of the Catholic Church. The French clergy and bishops were linked to the Monarchists. Republicans were based in the anticlerical middle class who saw the Church as a political threat to republicanism and progress. The Republicans detested the church for its political and class affiliations; for them, the church represented outmoded traditions, superstition and monarchism. The Republicans were strengthened by Protestant and Jewish support. Numerous laws were passed to weaken the Catholic Church. Napoleon's 1801 Concordat continued in operation but in 1881, the government cut off salaries to priests it disliked. The 1882 school laws of Republican Jules Ferry set up a national system of public schools that taught strict puritanical morality but no religion. For a while privately funded Catholic schools were tolerated. Civil marriage became compulsory, divorce was introduced and chaplains were removed from the army. When Leo XIII became pope in 1878 he tried to calm Church-State relations. In 1884 he told French bishops not to act in a hostile manner to the State. In 1892 he issued an encyclical advising French Catholics to rally to the Republic and defend the Church by participating in Republican politics. This attempt at improving the relationship failed. Deep-rooted suspicions remained on both sides and were inflamed by the Dreyfus Affair. Catholics were for the most part anti-dreyfusard. The Assumptionists published anti-Semitic and anti-republican articles in their journal La Croix. This infuriated Republican politicians, who were eager to take revenge. Often they worked in alliance with Masonic lodges. The Waldeck-Rousseau Ministry (1899–1902) and the Combes Ministry (1902–05) fought with the Vatican over the appointment of bishops. Chaplains were removed from naval and military hospitals (1903–04), and soldiers were ordered not to frequent Catholic clubs (1904). Combes as Prime Minister in 1902, was determined to thoroughly defeat Catholicism. He closed down all parochial schools in France. Then he had parliament reject authorisation of all religious orders. This meant that all fifty four orders were dissolved and about 20,000 members immediately left France, many for Spain.[190] In 1905 the 1801 Concordat was abrogated; Church and State were finally separated. All Church property was confiscated. Public worship was given over to associations of Catholic laymen who controlled access to churches. In practise, Masses and rituals continued. The Church was badly hurt and lost half its priests. In the long run, however, it gained autonomy—for the State no longer had a voice in choosing bishops and Gallicanism was dead. Industrial age First Vatican Council Before the council, in 1854 Pope Pius IX proclaimed the dogma of the Immaculate Conception. The majority of Catholic Bishops supported this decision. Eight years earlier, in 1846, the Pope declared the Immaculata the patron of the USA. During First Vatican Council, some 108 council fathers requested to add the words "Immaculate Virgin" to the Hail Mary. Some fathers asked to includethe dogma of the Immaculate Conception in the Creed of the Church. This was opposed by Pius IX. It was also strongly opposed by some council fathers, especially from Germany. Many French Catholics wished that the Council declared Papal infallibility and the assumption of Mary dogma. In 1870, the First Vatican Council affirmed the doctrine of papal infallibility. Controversy over this and other issues resulted in a very small breakaway movement called the Old Catholic Church. Social teachings The Industrial Revolution brought many concerns about the deteriorating conditions of urban workers. In 1891 Pope Leo XIII published the encyclical Rerum novarum. It was set in context Catholic social teaching: it rejected socialism but advocated the regulation of working conditions. Rerum novarum argued for the establishment of a living wage and the right of workers to form trade unions. Quadragesimo anno was issued by Pope Pius XI, on 15 May 1931, 40 years after Rerum novarum. Unlike Leo, who addressed mainly the condition of workers, Pius XI concentrated on the ethical implications of the social and economic order. He called for the reconstruction of the social order based on the principle of solidarity and subsidiarity. He noted major dangers for human freedom and dignity, arising from unrestrained capitalism and totalitarian communism. The social teachings of Pope Pius XII repeat these teachings. He applies them not only to workers and owners of capital, but also to other professions and all aspects of life. Going beyond Pius XI, he also defined social teachings in other areas such as medicine, psychology, sport, television, science, law and education. The dominant concern was the continued rights and dignity of the individual. With the beginning of the space age at the end of his pontificate, Pius XII explored the social implications of space exploration and satellites asking for a new sense of community and solidarity. Mariology Popes have always highlighted the link between the Virgin Mary as Mother of God and the full acceptance of Jesus Christ as Son of God. Since the 19th century, they were very important for the development of mariology to explain the veneration of Mary. Before the 19th century, Popes promulgated Marian veneration in different ways such as authorizing new Marian feast days, prayers, initiatives, the acceptance and support of Marian congregations. Since the 19th century, Popes begin to use encyclicals more frequently. Thus Leo XIII, the Rosary Pope issued eleven Marian encyclicals. Recent Popes promulgated the veneration of the Blessed Virgin with two dogmas: Pius IX the Immaculate Conception in 1854 the Assumption of Mary in 1950 by Pope Pius XII. Pius XII also promulgated the new feast Queenship of Mary celebrating Mary as Queen of Heaven and he introduced the first ever Marian year in 1954, a second one was proclaimed by John Paul II. Pius IX, Pius XI and Pius XII facilitated the veneration of Marian apparitions such as in Lourdes and Fátima. Later Popes such from John XXIII to Benedict XVI promoted the visit to Marian shrines (Benedict XVI in 2007 and 2008). The Second Vatican Council highlighted the importance of Marian veneration in Lumen gentium. During the Council, Paul VI proclaimed Mary to be the Mother of the Church. Anti-clericalism The 20th century saw the rise of various politically radical and anti-clerical governments. The 1926 Calles Law separating church and state in Mexico led to the Cristero War. In it, over 3,000 priests were exiled or assassinated, churches desecrated, services mocked, nuns raped and captured priests shot. In the Soviet Union following the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution, persecution of the Church and Catholics continued well into the 1930s. In addition to the execution and exiling of clerics, monks and laymen, the confiscation of religious implements and closure of churches was common. During the 1936–39 Spanish Civil War, the Catholic hierarchy supported Francisco Franco's rebel Nationalist forces against the Popular Front government. This was due to the Republican violence directed against the Church. World War II After the Second World War began in September 1939, the Church condemned the invasion of Poland and the following 1940 Nazi invasions. In the Holocaust, Pope Pius XII directed the Church hierarchy to help protect Jews and Gypsies from the Nazis. While Pius XII has been credited with helping to save hundreds of thousands of Jews, the Church has also been accused of antisemitism. Other commentators have accused Pius of not doing enough to stop Nazi atrocities. Debate over the validity of these criticisms continues to this day. Post-Industrial age Second Vatican Council The Catholic Church started a reformation process after the Second Vatican Council (1962–65). Intended as a continuation of Vatican I, under Pope John XXIII the council developed into an engine of modernisation. Its main task was double: to make the historical teachings of the Church clear to a modern world, to comment on topics like the nature of the church, the mission of the laity and religious freedom Other reforms decided at the Second Vatican Council were: Revision of the liturgy, in which vernacular languages could be used. Efforts to improve Christian unity became a priority. Catholicism today Catholic-Orthodox dialogue In June 2004, the Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew I's visited Rome. This happened on the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul (29 June). Its scope was another personal meeting with Pope John Paul II, for conversations with the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity. The Patriarch's partial participation in the Eucharistic liturgy followed the program of the past visits of Patriarch Dimitrios (1987) and Patriarch Bartholomew I himself: full participation in the Liturgy of the Word, joint proclamation by the Pope and by the Patriarch of the profession of faith according to the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed in Greek and as the conclusion, the final Blessing imparted by both the Pope and the Patriarch at the Altar of the Confessio. The Patriarch did not fully participate in the Liturgy of the Eucharist involving the consecration and distribution of the Eucharist itself. In accordance with the Catholic Church's practice of including the Filioque clause when reciting the Creed in Latin, but not when reciting the Creed in Greek, Popes John Paul II and Benedict XVI have recited the Nicene Creed jointly with Patriarchs Demetrius I and Bartholomew I in Greek without the Filioque clause. The declaration of Ravenna in 2007 re-asserted these beliefs, and re-stated the notion that the bishop of Rome is indeed the protos, although future discussions are to be held on the concrete ecclesiological exercise of papal primacy. Benedict XVI With the election of Pope Benedict XVI in 2005, the Church largely saw a continuation of the policies of his predecessor, Pope John Paul II. However, there were some notable exceptions: Benedict decentralized beatifications and reverted the decision of his predecessor regarding papal elections. In 2007, he set a Church record by approving the beatification of 498 Spanish Martyrs. His first encyclical Deus caritas est discussed love and sex in continued opposition to several other views on sexuality. Francis Following the resignation of Benedict, Pope Francis was elected pope 2013. He is the current and first Jesuit pope, the first pope from the Americas, and the first from the Southern Hemisphere. Since his election to the papacy, he has displayed a simpler and less formal approach to the office, choosing to reside in the Vatican guesthouse rather than the papal residence. Catholicism
870877	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zainab%20bint%20Muhammad	Zainab bint Muhammad	Zainab bint Muhammad () (598/599—629 CE), was the eldest daughter of Muhammad and Khadija bint Khuwaili. Zainab was born in 600 AD, in the 5th year of Khadija's marriage, and died in 8 AH, 629 AD, at the age of 30. References Other websites Qurayshi family tree 599 births 629 deaths Female Sahabah Children of Muhammad
870879	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass%20ceiling	Glass ceiling	A glass ceiling is an idea that people use to talk about why some people don't get promotions in companies, schools, and other groups. A company has a glass ceiling if it looks as if women and minorities could become leaders but they never really do. That is called a glass ceiling because a new employee starting at the bottom (the "ground floor"), can see all the way up to the top of the building (leadership), but really there is a barrier in the way. The metaphor was first made by feminists to talk about why it is harder for high-achieving women to get promotions than men. In the US, the concept is sometimes used to refer to minorities based not on gender.Women of color in countries whose population is mostly white people often find the most difficulty in "breaking the glass ceiling" because they are both women and people of color, two types of people who were not liked in the past. East Asian and East Asian American news outlets have made a used a metaphor taken from the original, the term "bamboo ceiling". It tries to show white people not liking East Asians, as bamboo is from Asia. Within the same ideas of the other terms surrounding the workplace, there are similar terms about extra rules about women and their roles within organisations and how they manage their jobs as mothers. These "Invisible Barriers" work as metaphors to describe the many extra things stopping women, usually when trying to become better in their career and usually while also trying to make their other parts of life better. "A glass ceiling" represents something stopping women from getting high ranks in a company where people have different amounts of power, usually shown on a pyramid diagram. Those women are not allowed to get promotion, especially to the very high rankings, inside their jobs. Since 2001, the women working who do not work in the health and educational sector have not been seen in the high ranks a lot. References Feminism
870901	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pukhraj%20Bafna	Pukhraj Bafna	Pukhraj Bafna is an Indian pediatrician and adolescent health consultant, known for his contributions towards tribal child and adolescent health. The Government of India honored Bafna in 2011, with the fourth highest civilian award of Padma Shri. References Indian people 1976 births Living people
870903	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madan%20Tiwary	Madan Tiwary	Madan Tiwary (1923-2011) was an Indian politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India from Rajnandgaon, Madhya Pradesh as a member of the Janata Party. References Indian politicians 1923 births 2011 deaths
870904	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belle%20%282013%20movie%29	Belle (2013 movie)	Belle is a 2013 British biographical drama movie directed by Amma Asante and starring Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Tom Wilkinson, Miranda Richardson, Emily Watson, Alex Jennings, Penelope Wilton, Matthew Goode, James Norton. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox. Other websites 2013 drama movies 2010s biographical movies British biographical movies British drama movies 20th Century Fox movies Movies directed by Amma Asante
870905	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idris%20%28prophet%29	Idris (prophet)	Idrīs (), is known to Muslims as Hazrat Idris, is the third prophet sent to mankind according to Islamic history. According to Muslim belief, he received prophethood from the Creator after Adam, the first prophet of Islam. There is disagreement about his birthplace. According to some, he was born in Babylon, Iraq. According to some, he was born in Egypt. He is thought to be the Enoch mentioned in the Bible. Quran Idris is mentioned twice in the Quran, where he is described as a wise man. In surah 19 of the Quran, Maryam, God says: Later, in surah 21, al-Anbiya, Idris is again praised: Reference Other websites prophets (a.s.) - when & where Quran
870910	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Yonggi%20Cho	David Yonggi Cho	David Yonggi Cho (14 February 1936 – 14 September 2021) was a South Korean Christian minister. He was a co-founder of the Yoido Full Gospel Church (Assemblies of God). It was the world's largest congregation with 830,000 members in 2007. He was born in Ulju County, South Korea. In 2014, Cho was convicted of embezzling $12 million USD in church funds. Cho died on 14 September 2021 at the age of 85 from problems caused by a stroke. References 1936 births 2021 deaths Christian ministers South Korean criminals Deaths from stroke
870912	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viktor%20Kazantsev	Viktor Kazantsev	Viktor Germanovich Kazantsev (; 26 February 1946 – 14 September 2021) was a Russian general and politician. He was an envoy of the Russian president to the Southern Federal District from 2000 to 2004. He was in charge of negotiations between the Russian government and the Chechen opposition. He was a general of the Russian Ground Forces. His military career began with the Soviet Army in 1963. He retired in 2000. He was born in Vitebsk Region, Soviet Union. Kazantsev died on 14 September 2021 in Krasnodar, Russia at the age of 75. References 1946 births 2021 deaths Russian generals Russian politicians Soviet generals Soviet politicians
870913	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali%20Ahmed%20Mullah	Ali Ahmed Mullah	Sheikh Ali Abdul Rahman Ahmed Mulla (), is the veteran muazzin (caller for prayer) at the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Other websites The Legendary Azan of Sheikh Ali Ahmed Mulla familiar around the Islamic world The Sheikh doing the Azan live in Masjid Al Haram, Mecca October 2003 interview Ali Ahmed Mulla azan collection from Makkah Ali Ahmed Mulla Mu'azzins 1945 births Living people Reference
870915	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladislav%20Lubina	Ladislav Lubina	Ladislav Lubina (11 February 1967 – 14 September 2021) was a Czech ice hockey player and ice hockey coach. He was drafted by the Minnesota North Stars in 1985. He never played in the NHL. Lubina won a bronze medal at the 1992 Winter Olympics, playing for the national team. Lubina was born in Dvůr Králové nad Labem, Czechoslovakia. Lubina died on 14 September 2021 of brain cancer in Prague, Czech Republic at the age of 54. References 1967 births 2021 deaths Czech ice hockey players Deaths from brain cancer Olympic bronze medalists
870917	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergio%20Fajardo	Sergio Fajardo	Sergio Fajardo Valderrama (; born 19 June 1956) is a Colombian politician and mathematician. Fajardo was the Governor of Antioquia from 2012 to 2016. He was Mayor of Medellin from 2004 until 2008. He is a member of the Compromiso Ciudadano Party. Fajardo ran for President of Colombia in the 2018, coming in third place. He is running again for president in the 2022 election. References 1956 births Living people Colombian politicians Mayors Mathematicians
870918	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Green%20Dome	The Green Dome	The Green Dome (), is a green dome built over the tombs of Muhammad, Caliph Abu Bakr and Umar. The dome is located in the south-east corner of the Nawabi Mosque in Medina. Gallery References Mosques in Saudi Arabia Medina
870926	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred%20Stanfield	Fred Stanfield	Frederic William Stanfield (May 4, 1944 – September 13, 2021) was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre. He played 14 seasons in the National Hockey League from 1964 until 1978. He won two Stanley Cups with the Boston Bruins, in 1970 and 1972. He was born in Toronto, Ontario. Stanfield played for the Chicago Black Hawks, Boston Bruins, Minnesota North Stars and the Buffalo Sabres. Stanfield died on September 13, 2021 in Buffalo, New York at the age of 77. References 1944 births 2021 deaths Canadian ice hockey centres Chicago Blackhawks players Boston Bruins players Minnesota North Stars players Buffalo Sabres players Ice hockey people from Ontario Sportspeople from Toronto Stanley Cup champions
870930	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beverly%20Hills%2C%20Michigan	Beverly Hills, Michigan	Beverly Hills is a village in Oakland County of the U.S. state of Michigan. It is about north of the city of Detroit. 10,267 people lived here in 2010. References Villages in Michigan
870931	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%20Bennett	Fran Bennett	Fran Bennett (August 14, 1937 – September 12, 2021) was an American actress. She was born in Malvern, Arkansas. Her career began in 1961. She played Dr. Heffner in the 1994 horror movie Wes Craven's New Nightmare. She also appeared in the 1990s soap opera Sunset Beach and medical drama Nightingales. She also taught at the California Institute of the Arts. Bennett died on September 12, 2021 in Santa Clarita, California at the age of 84. References 1937 births 2021 deaths Educators from Arkansas American movie actors American television actors American stage actors American voice actors Actors from Arkansas Actors from Los Angeles County, California Educators from California
870932	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/California%20Institute%20of%20the%20Arts	California Institute of the Arts	The California Institute of the Arts (CalArts) is a private art university in Santa Clarita, California. It was created in 1961. They have Bachelor of Fine Arts, Master of Fine Arts, Master of Arts, and Doctor of Musical Arts programs. The school's area of education include Art, Critical Studies, Dance, Film/Video, Music, and Theater. References Colleges and universities in California
870936	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do%20Not%20Disturb%20%281965%20movie%29	Do Not Disturb (1965 movie)	Do Not Disturb is a 1965 American romantic comedy movie directed by Ralph Levy and George Marshall and was based on the play Some Other Love by William Fairchild. It stars Doris Day, Rod Taylor, Hermione Baddeley, Raquel Welch, Reginald Gardiner, Leon Askin, Britt Ekland, Dick Winslow and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. Other websites 1965 comedy movies 1965 romance movies 1960s romantic comedy movies American romantic comedy movies Movies based on plays 20th Century Fox movies Movies directed by George Marshall
870941	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuriy%20Sedykh	Yuriy Sedykh	Yuriy Georgiyevich Sedykh (; ) (11 June 1955 – 14 September 2021) was a Soviet track and field athlete, who took part of the hammer throw. He held the world record with a throw of 86.74 m. He won two Olympic gold medals at the 1976 Summer Olympics and 1980 Summer Olympics. He also won a silver medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics. Sedykh was born in Novocherkassk, Russia. Sedykh died on 14 September 2021 in Paris, France at the age of 66. References 1955 births 2021 deaths Soviet sportspeople Soviet Olympic gold medalists Soviet Olympic silver medalists
870942	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novocherkassk	Novocherkassk	Novocherkassk (, lit. New Cherkassk) is a city in Rostov Oblast, Russia. 168,746 people lived here in 2010. References Cities in Russia
870943	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rostov%20Oblast	Rostov Oblast	Rostov Oblast () is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). The oblast has an area of . 4,277,976 people lived here (2010 Census). References Oblasts of Russia
870944	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dix%20Hills%2C%20New%20York	Dix Hills, New York	Dix Hills is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) on Long Island in the town of Huntington in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The population was 26,892 at the 2010 census. References Hamlets in New York Census-designated places in New York (state)
870946	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pithecopus%20oreades	Pithecopus oreades	Pithecopus oreades is a frog that lives in Brazil. It lives high in the hills. Scientists have seen it more than 900 meters above sea level. Scientists have seen it up in the mountains, between 280 and 1000 meters above sea level. References Frogs Animals of South America
870948	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikah%20mut%27ah	Nikah mut'ah	In some forms of the religion Islam, Nikah mut'ah is a form of marriage. It is also called Sigheh. Unlike Nikāḥ, which is the other form of marriage in Islamic law, a Nikah mut'ah marriage does not last for the two people's whole lives. It lasts only limited time. Nikah mutah is about sexual pleasure. The Twelver Shia Muslims say that Nikah mut'ah is legal, but most other Muslims disagree. Conditions Some things must be true for a Nikah mut'ah: The bride must not be married to anyone else at the time If she has never been married, her legal guardian must agree She must be a Muslim, or among the People of the Book (which means Christians, Jews, and Muslims, mostly) After the contract ends, she must not have sex with anyone for some time. This is usually three months. This is so people will now that the father of any children she has if she becomes pregnant was her husband. Nikah mut'ah is different from the other form of marriage in other ways too: The husband is not required to provide alimony or shelter for his wife There's no way to settle an inheritance in favor of the partner if one of the two dies Nikah mut'ah does not have to be publicly announced. Islam says that Muslim men may have only four and no more, but this only applies to Nikah-marriages. According to Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, the Nikah mut'ah is the only way a Muslim can marry a person of the Book who is not Muslim. He says Nikah is not possible with non-Muslims. Other Ayatollahs say that Muslims can marry non-Muslim people of the book. Criticism Nikah mut'ah has been used to cover child prostitution. Some Western writers have argued that mut'ah is similar to prostitution. Julie Parshall writes that mut'ah is legalised prostitution allowed by the Twelver Shia authorities. She quotes the Oxford encyclopedia of modern Islamic world to make a difference between marriage (nikah) and mut'ah. She also says that while nikah is for having children, mut'ah is just for sexual gratification. References Islamic law Marriage
870955	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominic%20West	Dominic West	Dominic Gerard Francis Eagleton West (born 15 October 1969) is an English actor, director and musician. He played Baltimore detective Jimmy McNulty in the HBO series The Wire (2002–2008). His roles as Hector Madden in The Hour (2011–2012) and as Noah Solloway in The Affair (2014–2019) earnt him Golden Globe nominations. West won the British Academy Television Award for Best Actor for playing serial killer Fred West in Appropriate Adult (2011). West acted in Chicago (2002), 300 (2007), Punisher: War Zone (2008), Johnny English Reborn (2011), John Carter (2012), The Square (2017) and Colette (2018). West was born in Sheffield. He has Irish ancestry. He is married to Catherine FitzGerald. He has five children. References Other websites 1969 births Living people English movie actors English stage actors English television actors English voice actors People from Sheffield
870958	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o%20Martins%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201927%29	João Martins (footballer, born 1927)	João Baptista Martins (3 September 1927 – 16 November 1993) was a Portuguese footballer. Club career He played for Sporting CP for 13 years. During his time with the club, he would win seven Primeira Liga titles and the 1954 Taça de Portugal. On September 4, 1955, he scored the first-ever goal of the European Cup, in a 3–3 draw against FK Partizan. International career Martins won 11 caps for Portugal. He made his debut on November 23, 1952, in a 1–1 draw against Austria. Later life and death After retiring, Martins moved to France, and worked in a factory. He died in November 1993 aged 66, due to heart failure. References Other websites Portugal stats at Eu-Football 1927 births 1993 deaths Portuguese footballers Association football forwards
870962	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military%20career%20of%20Muhammad	Military career of Muhammad	Military career of Muhammad (c. 570 – 8 June 632), Islam lasted from 622 to 632, the last ten years of his life. He and his followers were expelled from the holy city of Mecca, controlled by the powerful Quraish tribe. He began to block the caravans of Mecca. After the first battle of Badr in 624, his power gradually increased and he began to influence other tribes through diplomacy or conquest. List of expeditions of Muhammad Further reading References {{cite book\|title=The Sealed Nectar: Biography of the Noble Prophet\|last=al-Mubarakpu Muhammad
870968	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nouman%20Ali%20Khan	Nouman Ali Khan	Nouman Ali Khan is an American Muslim speaker and author of Pakistani descent. He is the founder and CEO of The Bayyinah Institute for Arabic and Quranic Studies and Chief Adviser. The fifth edition of The Five Hundred Most Influential Muslims, a biographical dictionary of Islamic personalities, lists Noman Ali Khan as one of the most influential Muslims in the world without any ranking. Early life Khan was born 4 May 1978, in Germany to a Pakistani family. His father than worked for the Pakistani Embassy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, where Khan attended the Pakistani Embassy school. His Father moved the family to New York when Khan was in his teens. Career His serious training in Arabic began in the United States in 1999 under Dr. Abdus-Samie, founder and formal principal of Quran College, Faisaland, Paskistan. Under Dr. Abdus-Samie, Nouman developed a keen methodical understanding of Arabic grammar. He further benefited from Dr. Abdus-Samie by internalizing his unique teaching methods and later translating his work into English for the benefit of his own students. Then Nouman served as a professor below assistant professor at Nassau Community College and has taught Modern Standard and Classical Arabic at various venues.After serving as an instructor in Nassau Community College he founded Bayyinah Institute. After founding Bayyinah Institue he became the author of Divine Speech: Exploring Quran As Literature and Revive Your Heart: Putting Life in Perspective. Publications References Other websites Living people American Muslims 1978 births
870973	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meromorphic%20function	Meromorphic function	A meromorphic function is a function that is holomorphic (defined on the complex numbers, and that can be differentiated everywhere where it is defined) on all of an open set except for a set of isolated points, which are poles of the function. All rational functions, for exampleare meromorphic on the whole complex plane. Mathematics
870978	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue%20Springs%2C%20Missouri	Blue Springs, Missouri	Blue Springs is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States. Cities in Missouri
870979	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buckner%2C%20Missouri	Buckner, Missouri	Buckner is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States. Cities in Missouri
870980	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grain%20Valley%2C%20Missouri	Grain Valley, Missouri	Grain Valley is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States. Cities in Missouri
870981	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake%20Lotawana%2C%20Missouri	Lake Lotawana, Missouri	Lake Lotawana is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States. Cities in Missouri
870982	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake%20Tapawingo%2C%20Missouri	Lake Tapawingo, Missouri	Lake Tapawingo is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States. Cities in Missouri
870983	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levasy%2C%20Missouri	Levasy, Missouri	Levasy is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States. Cities in Missouri
870984	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lone%20Jack%2C%20Missouri	Lone Jack, Missouri	Lone Jack is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States. Cities in Missouri
870985	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raytown%2C%20Missouri	Raytown, Missouri	Raytown is a city in Jackson County, Missouri, United States. Cities in Missouri
870987	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasmin%20Mogahed	Yasmin Mogahed	Yasmin Mogahed (born 1980), is an international speaker and author, she focuses most of her work on spiritual and personal development. She received her B.S. Degree in Psychology and her Masters in Journalism and Mass Communications from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Publication Reclaim Your Heart । FB Publishing । Love & Happiness: A collection of personal reflections and quotes । FB Publishing । References Other websites Official Website Audios by Yasmin Mogahed American Muslims American women writers Living people 1980 births
870995	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avondale%2C%20Missouri	Avondale, Missouri	Avondale is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States. Cities in Missouri
870996	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladstone%2C%20Missouri	Gladstone, Missouri	Gladstone is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States. Cities in Missouri
870997	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glenaire%2C%20Missouri	Glenaire, Missouri	Glenaire is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States. Cities in Missouri
870999	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kearney%2C%20Missouri	Kearney, Missouri	Kearney is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States. Cities in Missouri
871000	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missouri%20City%2C%20Missouri	Missouri City, Missouri	Missouri City is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States. Cities in Missouri
871001	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosby%2C%20Missouri	Mosby, Missouri	Mosby is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States. Cities in Missouri
871002	https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/North%20Kansas%20City%2C%20Missouri	North Kansas City, Missouri	North Kansas City is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States. Cities in Missouri

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