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871788 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colfax%2C%20Washington | Colfax, Washington | Colfax is the county seat of Whitman County, Washington, United States.
The population was 2,805 at the 2010 census.
References
Cities in Washington (U.S. state)
County seats in Washington |
871790 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colfax%2C%20California | Colfax, California | Colfax (formerly, Alden Grove, Alder Grove, Illinoistown, and Upper Corral) is a city in Placer County, California. The population was 1,963 at the 2010 census.
References
Cities in California
Settlements in Placer County, California |
871795 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roost-Warendin | Roost-Warendin | Roost-Warendin is a commune. It is in the Nord department in northern France.
Communes in Nord |
871801 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81uk%C3%B3w | Łuków | Łuków () is a city in eastern Poland, in the north part of Lublin Voivodeship. It has 29,441 inhabitants (31 December 2020).
References
Other websites
Cities in Poland |
871807 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desenzano%20del%20Garda | Desenzano del Garda | Desenzano del Garda is a comune in the Province of Brescia in the Lombardy region in Italy. It is on the Lake Garda.
Settlements in Lombardy |
871811 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirmione | Sirmione | Sirmione is a comune in the Province of Brescia in the Lombardy region in Italy. It has a historical centre which is located on a small peninsula that separates the lower part of Lake Garda.
Settlements in Lombardy |
871813 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centro%20Municipality%2C%20Tabasco | Centro Municipality, Tabasco | Centro is one of the 17 municipalities in the Mexican state of Tabasco. Its municipal seat is in the city of Villahermosa.
Municipalities of Mexico
Tabasco (state) |
871817 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Neon%20Demon | The Neon Demon | The Neon Demon is a 2016 American Belgian French Danish psychological horror movie directed by Nicolas Winding Refn and starring Elle Fanning, Karl Glusman, Jena Malone, Desmond Harrington, Christina Hendricks, Keanu Reeves, Bella Heathcote. It was distributed by Amazon Studios.
Other websites
2016 horror movies
2010s LGBT movies
American horror movies
American LGBT movies
Belgian movies
French horror movies
Danish movies
Movies directed by Nicolas Winding Refn |
871820 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonfaron | Gonfaron | Gonfaron is a commune of 4,324 people (2018). It is in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France.
Communes in Var |
871821 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimaud | Grimaud | Grimaud is a commune of 4,553 people (2018). It is in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France.
Communes in Var |
871822 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%20Lavandou | Le Lavandou | Le Lavandou is a commune of 5,981 people (2018). It is in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France.
Communes in Var |
871824 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%20Londe-les-Maures | La Londe-les-Maures | La Londe-les-Maures is a commune in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France.
Communes in Var |
871827 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorgues | Lorgues | Lorgues is a commune in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France.
Communes in Var |
871829 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%20Luc | Le Luc | Le Luc is a commune in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France. 11,008 people lived there in 2018.
Communes in Var |
871830 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20awards%20and%20nominations%20received%20by%20Billie%20Eilish | List of awards and nominations received by Billie Eilish | This is a list of awards and nominations received by American singer-songwriter Billie Eilish.
Other accolades
World records
References |
871831 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%20Martre%2C%20Var | La Martre, Var | La Martre is a commune in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France. 212 people lived there in 2018.
Communes in Var |
871832 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les%20Mayons | Les Mayons | Les Mayons is a commune in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France. 638 people lived there in 2018.
Communes in Var |
871833 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazaugues | Mazaugues | Mazaugues is a commune in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France. 878 people lived there in 2018.
References
Communes in Var |
871834 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9ounes-l%C3%A8s-Montrieux | Méounes-lès-Montrieux | Méounes-lès-Montrieux is a commune of 2,202 people (2018). It is in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Var department in southeast France.
Communes in Var |
871835 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortland%2C%20New%20York | Cortland, New York | Cortland is a city in and the county seat of Cortland County, New York, United States. As of the 2010 census, 19,204 people live in Cortland.
Cities in New York
County seats in New York |
871853 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario%20Camus | Mario Camus | Mario Camus García (20 April 1935 – 18 September 2021) was a Spanish movie director and screenwriter. He won the Golden Bear for his movie La colmena. His other best works were The House of Bernarda Alba (1987) and Shadows in a Conflict (1993).
Camus died on 18 September 2021 in Santander, Spain at the age of 86.
References
Other websites
1935 births
2021 deaths
Spanish movie directors
Spanish screenwriters |
871855 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheboygan%20River | Sheboygan River | The Sheboygan River is a river flowing to Lake Michigan in eastern Wisconsin in the United States. It is about long. It enters the lake at the city of Sheboygan. The name of the river is Chippewa meaning 'hollow bone', 'noise underground' or 'river disappearing underground'.
References
Rivers of Wisconsin |
871856 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/They%20Were%20Expendable | They Were Expendable | They Were Expendable is a 1945 American World War II movie directed by John Ford and was based on the 1942 novel of the same name by William Lindsay White. It stars Robert Montgomery, John Wayne, Donna Reed, Jack Holt, Ward Bond, Marshall Thompson, Paul Langton, Leon Ames, Donald Curtis, Jeff York and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was nominated for 2 Academy Awards in 1946.
Other websites
1945 movies
1940s war movies
American war movies
World War II movies
Movies based on books
MGM movies
Movies directed by John Ford |
871858 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marja%27 | Marja' | Marji (, transliteration: marjiʿ; plural: marājiʿ), also known as a marji' taqlīd () or marji' dīnī (), is a title given to the highest level of Twelver Shia authority. The Grand Ayatollah has power given by a hawzah to make legal decisions within Islamic law for followers and clerics.
References
Religious leaders |
871860 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali%20al-Sistani | Ali al-Sistani | Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Ali al-Husayni al-Sistani (; , born 4 August 1930), commonly known as Ayatollah Sistani, is an Iranian-born Iraqi Shia Marja'. He was born in Mashhad, Iran.
He is seen as the leading spiritual leader of Iraqi Shia Muslims, and one of the most senior scholars in Shia Islam.
In 2005 and 2014, he was also nominated for Nobel Prize Award.
References
1930 births
Living people
Iranian writers
Iraqi people
Religious leaders
Academics |
871863 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banda%20Sea | Banda Sea | The Banda Sea is part of the Pacific Ocean. It lies between Sulawesi, East Timor and New Guinea. Sulawesi, and part of New Guinea are part of Indonesia today. East Timor is an independent country. The Banda Sea extends about east-west, and about from north to south. It contains the Banda Arc, with the Lesser Sunda Islands and the Maluku Islands. Islands such as Sulawesi are part of the Greater Sunda Islands. In its center, the Banda Sea has a depth of . Its lowest point is at the Weber deep, at .
Seas of the Pacific Ocean |
871879 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pithecopus%20hypochondrialis | Pithecopus hypochondrialis | The orange-legged leaf frog (Pithecopus hypochondrialis) is a frog that lives in Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, and the Guianas.
References
Frogs
Animals of South America |
871887 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitution%20in%20Afghanistan | Prostitution in Afghanistan | Prostitution in Afghanistan is illegal. Prostitution is when someone does a sex act in exchange for money or other payment. Punishments range from five to fifteen years in prison. The country is deeply religious. It is one of the most conservative countries in the world. Sex outside marriage is against the law and can be punished with death.
Because most people in Afghanistan are poor, or they have been displaced, more and more have become prostitutes. APMG Health estimated there were12,500 prostitutes in the country in 2015. In 2020 UNAIDS estimated there were 11,000 prostitutes in Kabul, Herat, Mazar and Jalalabad based on a 2019 survey. Before the foreign troops left the country, many of the brothels and prostitutes were located close to US bases.
A number of women from China, Iran, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sri Lanka and Tajikistan have been trafficked into Afghanistan, to become prostitutes. Afghan women are also trafficked to other countries for sexual exploitation. Child prostitution in the form of Bacha Bazi is also a problem in the country.
The Taliban, who have again come to power in 2021, have values that are deeply rooted in Islamic ethics. They have punished unmarried people with up to 80 lashes. Married prostitutes are considered adulterers, under Afghan law.
Even before the Talian took control of the country, Islamic fundamentalists have killed people for having sex outside marriage, without waiting for a state trial. Prostitution is seen as very bad. To keep the family in good standing, prostitutes sometimes get killed by members of their own family.
Examples
In July 2008, two women were accused of running a secret prostitution service and working for the police. The Taliban in the Ghazni Province killed them, although the local authorities as well as the American military in the area at the time claimed the women were innocent.
Two women accused of prostitution were shot dead in July 2010.
Situation
In the 1990s, prostitution existed in secret in Kabul. The government who followed a very strict interpretation of the Islamic Sharia law had made it illegal. Melissa Ditmore reported in Encyclopedia of Prostitution and Sex Work that during their rule the traffic in women for prostitution had increased. Prostitutes mostly worked from their homes. These were called Qalas. In Kabul there were 25 to 30 hidden brothels.
Because women were not allowed to work during the Taliban regime of the 1990s, this forced many children to enter the sex trade to make a living. According to the 2010 Trafficking in Persons Report from the U.S. Embassy in Kabul, women from Iran, Tajikistan, China, and other places have been forced into prostitution in Afghanistan.
Many people have lived in Afghanistan as refugees. Most of these came from neighboring countries. There have been reports that Afghan women as well as boys and girls among these refugees were forced into prostitution. Because of poverty, several families have also been reported to be selling their children.
A 2007 University of Manitoba report suggests that there may be about 900 female prostitutes in Kabul. Kabul is a city with a population of over 4 million today. Latest estimates show that there may be between 11,000 and 12,500 sex workers in the country. Between 2007 and 2008, two to three people were arrested because of prostitution per week, according to the Afghan Interior Ministry's department of sexual crimes.
In Afghan culture and traditions, prostitution is seen as very shameful. Sometimes, religious extremists, kill prostitutes. In some cases, prostitutes get killed by members of their own family:
Temporary marriages
Nikah mut'ah is a fixed-term marriage in Shia Islam; most other Muslims reject the idea. There have also been some reports about Mut'ah (Fegha in Persian language) beginning to be practiced in Mazar-i-Sharif.
Bacha bazi
Like in many other Islamic countries, it is a major taboo in Afghan culture for women to openly dance in front of men. Males and females are separated during weddings and other parties. As a form of adult entertainment, young males dress as females and dance in front of men to make money. "Bacha bereesh" (meaning "boys without beards" in Persian language) occasionally dance to entertain men at certain parties, especially in the north parts of Afghanistan. Powerful patrons sometimes sexually exploit the dancers. It is estimated that about 10,000 men across Afghanistan engage in sexual activities with other men.
The "Curse of 39"
In some parts of Afghanistan, people believe that the number 39 is cursed or a badge of shame: They say it is linked with prostitution.
It is unclear, why the number is undesirable. It has often been associated with a pimp, who was living in Herat: This pimp had the nickname "39", after the number plate of his expensive car, and the number of his apartment. The number is said to translate into morda-gow, literally meaning "dead cow" but a well-known slang term for a pimp. Others have blamed corrupt police officials for spreading the rumour in order to charge between $200–500 to change a "39" plate.
Vehicle registration plates with the number are seen as so undesirable that vehicles and apartments bearing the numerals are said to be virtually unsellable in the capital, Kabul. The drivers of such vehicles have reported abuse and derision from pedestrians and other drivers. Some have had their registration plates altered to hide the numbers. One such driver, Zalmay Ahmadi, told The Guardian: "When I drive around all the other cars flash their lights, beep their horns and people point at me. All my classmates now call me Colonel 39." Number plates containing '39' were withdrawn in early 2021.
Human trafficking
In 2019, the United States Department of State Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons downgraded Afghanistan to a 'Tier 2 watchlist' country'. In 2020, it further downgraded the country to 'Tier 3'. The Government of Afghanistan does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so. The country remained in 'Tier 3' in 2021.
Women and girls from China, Iran, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Tajikistan have been subject to sex trafficking in Afghanistan. Afghan women, and children pay other people to help them find a job abroad. In most cases, they want to work in Iran, Pakistan, and in Europe. Some of these people force them into sex trafficking. In 2021 it was estimated that over 7000 young Afghan girls had been sold into prostitution in India.
Related pages
Survival sex
References
Afghan society and culture
Pages with unreviewed translations
Crime in Afghanistan |
871889 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix%20%28geology%29 | Matrix (geology) | The matrix or groundmass of a rock is the finer-grained mass of material in which larger grains, crystals, or clasts are embedded.
The matrix of an igneous rock is made up of fine-grained, often tiny, crystals in which larger crystals, called phenocrysts, are embedded. In South Africa, diamonds are often mined from a matrix of weathered clay-like rock (kimberlite) called "yellow ground".
The matrix of sedimentary rocks is made up of finer-grained sedimentary material, such as clay or silt, in which larger grains or clasts are embedded.
References
Geology |
871891 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota%20Matrix | Toyota Matrix | The Toyota Matrix, officially referred to as the Toyota Corolla Matrix, is a compact hatchback made by Toyota Motor Manufacturing Canada in Cambridge, Ontario. It was gotten from the Corolla. It was introduced in 2002 as a 2003 model. Toyota and General Motors worked together to make the Matrix.
References
Toyota automobiles |
871893 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acamptonectes | Acamptonectes | Acamptonectes is a genus of ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaurs, a type of dolphin-like marine reptiles.
They lived during the Early Cretaceous around 130 million years ago.
The discovery of Acamptonectes had significant implications for the evolutionary history of ichthyosaurs.
Ichthyosaurs |
871895 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic%20game | Electronic game | An electronic game is either a game console that can connect to a TV to play a video game or a game that be played in someone's hand. Electronic games are often bought by younger people including kids, teenagers and people who have special needs as people with special needs particular autism like games with repetitive sound.
Electronic games were most common being sold in the 1990's when it was the best time in the world to make them, manufacturer and sell them.
In the 1980's, a game called Simon was released by Milton Bradley which also had a 'Super' variant called the Super Simon.
In the 90's there were 2 major games being sold - Bop It and Brain Warp, as well as a second edition of Bop It called the Bop It Extreme which was released in 1999 by Hasbro voiced by Scott Parkin. There was a game called Brain Shift that wasn't popular, but a rare low pitched unit was discovered in 2003 which lasted until 2009. Bop It was re-released again in 2008 as Bop It! and Simon was also re-released 3 years later by Hasbro and then KID Group made Simon Swipe.
Electronic games require batteries to run and the manufacture adds a hidden 'test mode' on which the user can use to capture samples to make another game. Although the samples themselves won't be as good as the original studio quality samples, they can be good quality enough to be re-used in another game. |
871905 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surah%20Al-Hijr | Surah Al-Hijr | Surah Al-Hijr (), is the fifteenth surah of the Qur'an, the religious book of Muslims. This Surah was revealed in Makkah and has 99 verses.
Summary
1-3 Unbelievers will one day wish themselves Muslims
4-5 Every nation has its day of grace
6 Muhammad charged with demoniacal possession by the disbelievers (the Quraish)
7 The unbelievers say a true prophet would have come with a company of angels
8 Angels are not sent to gratify curiosity, but to minister judgment
9 God the author and preserver of the Quran
10-11 The former prophets were laughed to scorn
12-15 The scoffing Quraish judicially blinded
16-20 God declares his glory in the heaven and the earth
21-22 He is active in every part of Nature
23-25 He is the God of life, death, and judgment
26-29 God says Men created of clay—the Jinn of fire
29-33 Iblís among the angels refuses to worship Adam
34-38 He is cursed and respited until the judgment
39-40 Satan declares to God his purpose to seduce men
41-42 The elect are safe from Satan’s power
43-44 The seven gates of hell will receive Satan’s followers
45-50 Paradise joys in store for true believers
51-77 The story of Abraham and Lot
78-79 The unbelieving Midianites are destroyed
80-81 The scoffing inhabitants of Al Hajr reject their prophets though accompanied with miracles
82-84 Rock-hewn houses fail to save them
85-86 The heaven and earth created in righteousness
87 Command to repeat the seven verses (Al-Fatiha)
88-90 Muhammad not to envy the prosperity of infidels
91-93 The enemies of God will surely be punished
94-96 Muhammad commanded to preach boldly
97-99 He is exhorted to praise and serve God until death
References
Other websites
Quran 15 Clear Quran translation
Q15:87, 50+ translations, islamawakened.com
Hijr |
871915 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reduced%20affect%20display | Reduced affect display | Reduced affect displays (better known as emotional blunting) is the condition where a person has a reduced emotional reaction. People with this condition have problems expressing their feelings. They are unble to do this while they talk about certain problems which normally cause people to express emotions. Expressive gestures aren't common. There is also little or no animation in the facial expressions or the changes for certain people's voices. Reduced affect is often the symptom of autism, depression, schizoid personality disorder, schizophrenia or even post-traumatic stress disorder. It is also often the side effect of certain drugs (these tend to include antipsychotic or antidepressant drugs).
Reduced affect is different from apathy and anhedonia (these others mean not having enough or any emotion). Reduced affect means not enough or any expressions of emotion (affect displays), without mattering whether or not emotions are actually reduced.
Types of flat or blunted affects
Constricted or restricted affects mean when one's abilities to express themselves with certain levels of emotional intensity are limited or not done fully.
Blunted affect is totally different from flat affects. "Blunted" (in blunted affects) means people still have affects. These people's responses in emotions, however, are usually not intense or strong like others would normally predict.
References
Mood disorders |
871936 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin%20Hemings | Martin Hemings | Martin Hemings''' (1755-????) was a man from Virginia. He was the oldest male child of Elizabeth "Betty" Hemings. History does not say who his father was, but it was not John Wayles. Martin Hemings was the half-brother of Sally Hemings and James Hemings. For part of his life, he was enslaved to Thomas Jefferson.
Family history and early life
According to Madison Hemings, Sally Hemings' grandmother was a fully African woman and might have been born in Africa. She was enslaved to the Eppes family in Virginia. Historians do not know for sure what her name was. Papers with the names of enslaved women in the Eppes family include "Dinah," "Judy," "Abbie," "Sarah," "Parthenia," and others. Historian Annette Gordon-Reed said that there were many girls named "Thenia" in the Hemings family, and they might have been named after Parthenia. But she also says that "Sally" is a nickname for "Sarah," and there were many girls named "Sarah" and "Sally" in the Hemings family too.
Martin Hemings' mother was called Elizabeth "Betty" Hemings. Martin Hemings' nephew Madison Hemings told the story: Elizabeth Hemings' mother was an African woman and her father was an English sea captain named Hemings. The sea captain tried to buy Elizabeth Hemings from her owner, but the owner said no. He said he wanted to see what a half-white, half-African child would look like. Then Captain Hemings tried to take the child away from the owner without paying, but someone told the owner about his plan. Captain Hemings left Virginia and did not come back.
Captain Hemings tried to take his daughter from one of the men in the Eppes family, but historians do not know which one because they do not know when Elizabeth Hemings was born. One paper says "about 1735."
Elizabeth Hemings lived at the Eppes family's house, which was called Bermuda Hundred until 1746. That year, Martha Eppes married John Wayles. Elizabeth and other enslaved people went with Martha to Wayle's house as part of her marriage settlement. A marriage settlement was any property that a married woman could control and her husband couldn't. Technically, the Eppes family owned Elizabeth Hemings.
Elizabeth Hemings had many children. Martin Hemings was born on a plantation called The Forest that belonged to John Wayles. History does not say who his father was. John Wayles was the father of most of Elizabeth Hemings' other children.
When Martha Wayles Skelton married Thomas Jefferson, Hemings and many people in her family went with Martha Skelton to Jefferson's house at Monticello. Martin Hemings was 17 or 18 years old. He later became the butler of Monticello and lived there for many years. When Thomas Jefferson became governor of Virginia and lived in houses in Richmond, Virginia and Williamsburg, Virginia, Martin Hemings went with him.
Personality
We do not know what Martin Hemings was like when he was around other black people. This is because no writings about this survive. But many of Thomas Jefferson's letters have been saved and copied. Thomas Jefferson wrote about the enslaved people a lot. Thomas Jefferson wrote about Martin having a fiery temper.
During the American Revolutionary War, the British army captured Monticello. Martin Hemings hid the valuable silver tableware—forks, knives and other items for eating. He hid them under the floorboards. Another enslaved man, called Caesar, hid with them and could not get out for days. Martin did not tell the British soldiers where the silver was, not even when they hit him.
White people wrote about how this showed Martin was loyal to his master and his country. Historian Annette Gordon-Reed writes that perhaps Martin just did not like being told what to do.
Later life
Jefferson was away from Monticello a lot. After his wife died, he wanted to be somewhere else. He even went to Paris for years when he was the United States Ambassador to France. During these times, enslaved people in the Hemings family were allowed to come and go as they wanted. The Hemings men lived almost like free black men: They could find jobs where they wanted and keep all the money they earned.
When Jefferson came back from Paris, he wanted his butler, Martin Hemings, to stay at Monticello. But Hemings had been used to living his own life. He "ran away" from Monticello many times. Sometimes he stayed away for months, working another job somewhere else. But someone always caught him and brought him back.
In 1792, Thomas Jefferson wrote that he and Martin Hemings had had a disagreement or fight. He did not say what the fight was. He told one of his managers at Monticello that he and Martin Hemings had agreed on what to do: Jefferson would sell Martin Hemings to someone else. Martin Hemings was 36 or 37 at the time. Jefferson told the manager that Martin Hemings could choose another master. He said he did not care how much money he got for Hemings, so long as Hemings was gone. He also told the manager that he did not want to free Martin Hemings, the way he would free his half-brothers Robert and James later in their lives.
"Martin and myself disagreed when I was last in Virginia insomuch that he desired me to sell him, and I determined to do it, and most irrevocably that he shall serve me no longer. If you could find a master agreeable to him, I should be glad if you would settle that point at any price you please .... Perhaps Martin may undertake to find a purchaser. But I exclude all idea of his own responsibility: and I would wish that the transaction should be finished without delay, being desirous of avoiding all parley with him myself on the subject."
This means:
"Martin and I had such a bad disagreement that he asked me to sell him to someone else. I think I should do it. He should not work for me any more. Please find him another master that he thinks would be good. I don't care about the money. Martin can even choose his new master, but I will not free him. Please find a buyer quickly. I do not want to talk to or argue with Martin about this."
Thomas Jefferson's letters and writings about Monticello say that Martin Hemings was still at Monticello in 1795. His writings do not say that Jefferson sold Martin Hemings. Then Jefferson's writings stop talking about Hemings altogether. Historian Annette Gordon-Reed thinks Martin Hemings died of natural causes before Jefferson and Hemings could find a buyer.
References
1755 births
African-American people
People from Virginia
Slaves |
871957 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate%20Marvel%20vs.%20Capcom%203 | Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3 | Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3 is a crossover fighting game developed by Capcom in collaboration with Eighting. It is an updated version of Super Smash Bros. Brawl and Kirby's Return to Dream Land. The game features characters from both Capcom's video game franchises and comic book series published by Marvel Comics. The game was released in November 2011 for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360, and was featured as a launch title for the PlayStation Vita in 2012. The game was later ported to PlayStation 4 in December 2016, and Xbox One and Microsoft Windows in March 2017. |
871961 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildlife%20conservation | Wildlife conservation | Wildlife conservation refers to the practice of protecting wild species and their habitats in order to maintain healthy wildlife species or populations and to restore, protect or enhance natural ecosystems. Major threats to wildlife include habitat destruction, degradation, fragmentation, overexploitation, poaching, pollution and climate change. The IUCN estimates that 27,000 species of the ones assessed are at risk for extinction. Expanding to all existing species, a 2019 UN report on biodiversity put this estimate even higher at a million species. It is also being acknowledged that an increasing number of ecosystems on Earth containing endangered species are disappearing. To address these issues, there have been both national and international governmental efforts to preserve Earth's wildlife.
Environmental issues |
871966 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian%20food | Hungarian food | Hungarian food or Hungarian cuisine is the cuisine of Hungary.
Common dishes
Foods by nationality |
871967 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yak%20%28disambiguation%29 | Yak (disambiguation) | A yak is a long-haired species of cattle. There are two types of yak:
Domestic yak (Bos grunniens)
Wild yak (Bos mutus)
Yak may also refer to:
Yakovlev or Yak Aircraft Corporation, or numerous aircraft designed or manufactured by this company
A member of a yakuza organization
IATA airport code for Yakutat Airport in Yakutat, Alaska
Disambiguation |
871968 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish%20food | Spanish food | Spanish food or Spanish cuisine is the cuisine of Spain.
Common dishes
Foods by nationality
Spanish food |
871977 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturday%20Night%20Speedway | Saturday Night Speedway | Saturday Night Speedway is a racing simulator video game developed by Ratbag Games and published by Atari Inc.. The gameplay is similiar to the Need for Speed franchises, where players can drift anywhwere, and sometimes, players can complete all 13 events in Championship Mode. Saturday Night Speedway also features Career Mode, where players can upgraded cars, repair cars, sponsorship earnings, race earnings and much more.
Other websites
Saturday Night Speedway at GameFAQs
2004 video games
Atari video games
PlayStation 2 games
Racing video games
Windows games |
871987 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Matter%20of%20Life%20and%20Death%20%28movie%29 | A Matter of Life and Death (movie) | A Matter of Life and Death is a 1946 British World War II romantic fantasy movie directed by Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger and starring David Niven, Roger Livesey, Raymond Massey, Kim Hunter, Kathleen Byron, Marius Goring, Joan Maude, Richard Attenborough, Bonar Colleano.
Other websites
1946 movies
1940s war movies
1940s romance movies
1940s fantasy movies
British war movies
British romance movies
British fantasy movies
World War II movies
Movies directed by Michael Powell
Movies directed by Emeric Pressburger |
871997 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Meitei%20scholars | List of Meitei scholars | This includes the list of scholars of Meitei Manipuri speaking ethnicities of Manipur, Assam and Tripura of India, Bangladesh as well as Myanmar.
A
Ananta Kumar Seram
Ananta Kumar Seram, shortly known as A.K. Seram, is a Bangladeshi Manipuri writer, journalist and social activist. He is the founder and the president of Bangladesh Manipuri Sahitya Sangsad () for the Manipuris of Bangladesh. He was also an editor of the Manipuri periodical named "Meira" (). In 2018, he recieved the prestigious Mahakavi Anganghal Award 2018, for his contributions to Manipuri language, literature and culture in Bangladesh.
M
Mayengbam Mohendra
Mayengbam Mohendra Kumar Singha is a Bangladeshi Manipuri social activist who is native to Habiganj District of Bangladesh. He is the son of Mayengbam Modan Mohan Singha. He completed his Graduation in Arts from Modan Mohan College, Sylhet. He was also educated in Laws from Sylhet Law College. He served in the Bangladesh Power Development Board. From 1985, he was serving as a general secretary for BAMJUS (Bangladesh Manipuri Juba Sangha, ). Jointly working with Ananta Kumar Seram, he took active participation in mobilizing the infrastructure of Bangladesh.
Mutua Bahadur
Mutua Bahadur, also known as Mutum Bahadur, is an Indian Manipuri cultural research scholar and social activist. He is the founder and the director of Mutua Museum, Imphal. He had collected many museum pieces, made archeological and allied studies in Ancient Manipur, Medieval Manipur and Modern Manipur.
T
Thokchom Jitendra
Thokchom Jitendra Kumar Singha is a Bangladeshi Manipuri social worker from Sadar, Sylhet. He has been connected with Manipuri cultural activities in Sylhet, Bangladesh. He contributed to the inter-ethnic relationship between Manipuri speaking ethnicity and the Muslim Bengali people of Bangladesh. He is native to Kewapura, Mirermoidan, Sylhet district of Bangladesh.
Th. Tarunkumar
Th. Tarunkumar is an Indian Manipuri lecturer in History and an editor of the English Weekly, Resistance, published from Imphal. His editorial publications had deeply in-sighted the neo-colonialism of Manipur in the decade of the late 1970s. Presently, he is working as a journalist, for Delhi, India. He is a resident of Keisampat, Imphal, Manipur.
References
Meitei scholars |
871998 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cover%20Girl | Cover Girl | Cover Girl is a 1944 American romantic musical comedy movie directed by Charles Vidor and starring Rita Hayworth, Gene Kelly, Lee Bowman, Phil Silvers, Leslie Brooks, Eve Arden, Otto Kruger, Anita Colby, Jess Barker. It was distributed by Columbia Pictures and was nominated for 5 Oscars and won an Academy Award in 1945.
Other websites
1944 movies
1940s romance movies
1940s musical movies
1940s comedy movies
American musical movies
American romantic comedy movies
Movies directed by Charles Vidor |
872000 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/School%20for%20Secrets | School for Secrets | School for Secrets is a 1946 British drama movie directed by first time director Peter Ustinov and starring David Tomlinson, Ralph Richardson, John Laurie, Ernest Jay, Finlay Currie, Richard Attenborough, David Hutcheson, Bill Owen, Marjorie Rhodes.
Other websites
1946 drama movies
1940s war movies
British war movies
British drama movies
Movies directed by Peter Ustinov |
872003 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juz%27 | Juz' | juzʼ (Arabic: جُزْءْ, plural: ajzāʼ, literally meaning "part") is called each of the thirty volumes of the Qur'an. These thirty pieces are known as thirty paras. In Arabic it is called Juz. The word para is common among Muslims in South Asia. The meaning does not differ from these parts of the Qur'an. Each para consists of an equal number of parts. Basically, these paras have been formed for the convenience of recitation.
Related pages
Āyah
References
Other websites
Quran Juz with Tajwid in PDF format
Components of the Quran |
872005 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20Mexicans | White Mexicans | White Mexicans () are Mexicans who are considered white people, typically due to being of European or other Western Eurasian descent. Many are of Spanish ancestry due to colonization.
Mexican people |
872012 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruku | Ruku | Ruku (Arabic: رُكوع) is an Arabic word that means two things in Islamic terminology:
A part of prayers; After the recitation of the prayers, the head is bowed and the knees are bowed with both hands, which is one of the essential parts of the prayers.
A part of the Qur'an; In the Qur'an, each paragraph is considered as a ruku.
Qur'anic use
The word ruku is used in the Qur'an.
Salah
Arabic words and phrases
References |
872014 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surah%20An-Nahl | Surah An-Nahl | Surah Al-Nahl, (Arabic: سورة النحل) (The Bee), is the sixteenth surah of the Qur'an, the religious book of Muslims. This Surah was revealed in Makkah and has 128 verses.
Naming
This name is derived from the phrase وَأَوْحَى رَبُّكَ لَِلَى النَّحْلِ in verse 7 of this Surah. It is also based on mere signs, or nahl or bee is not the subject of this surah.
Other websites
Q16:68, 50+ translations, islamawakened.com
Quran 16 Clear Quran translation
Surah An-Nahl Transliteration and Arabic Text
References
Chapters in the Quran |
872015 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surah%20Al-Isra | Surah Al-Isra | Surah Al-Isra (, ; The Night Journey) is the 17th chapter (sūrah) of the Quran, with 111 verses (āyāt).
Other websites
Quran 17 Clear Quran translation
Q17:104, 50+ translations, islamawakened.com
References
Chapters in the Quran |
872019 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surah%20Al-Kahf | Surah Al-Kahf | Al-Kahf (Arabic: سورة الكهف) is the 16th surah of the Qur'an, the religious book of Muslims. It has 110 verses and 12 ruku's. Surah Al-Kahf has been revealed in Makkah . In this Surah, three questions of the Quraysh have been answered. In this Surah the story of Prophet Moses and Prophet Khizr has also been narrated.
References
Other websites
Q18:51, 50+ translations, islamawakened.com
Quran 18 Clear Quran translation
Surah Kahf by Sudais
Chapters in the Quran |
872021 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surah%20Maryam | Surah Maryam | Surah Maryam (Arabic: سورة مريم) Surah 19 of the Quran, the religious book of Muslims; Its verse i.e. sentence number is 97 and ruku i.e. paragraph number is 8. Surah Maryam has been revealed in Makkah. This surah speaks first of the prayers of Zechariah , then of the Blessed Virgin Mary and the son of Jesus.
Naming
The name of this surah is taken from the phrase وَاذْكُرْفِيالْكِتَابِمَرْيَمَ in the sixteenth verse of this surah; That is, it is the surah that contains the word بِمَرْيَمَ.
Other websites
Quran 19 Clear Quran translation
Quran 19 Electronic Quran Project. King Saud University
XIX MARY A.J. Arberry translation
19. Maryam (Mary) Muhammad Asad translation
Quran 19 Ali Ünal translation
Quran 19 E. H. Palmer translation
19. Entitled, Mary; containing 80 verses George Sale translation
Quran 19 J. M. Rodwell translation
Quran 19 Rashad Khalifa translation
Quran 19 T.B.Irving translation
Q19:2, 50+ translations, islamawakened.com
Chapters in the Quran
Reference |
872036 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Heavenly%20Kid | The Heavenly Kid | The Heavenly Kid is a 1985 American romantic fantasy comedy movie directed by Cary Medoway and starring Lewis Smith, Jason Gedrick, Jane Kaczmarek, Richard Mulligan, Mark Metcalf, Nancy Valen. It was distributed by Orion Pictures.
Other websites
1985 comedy movies
1985 romance movies
1980s fantasy movies
1980s romantic comedy movies
1980s teen comedy movies
American romantic comedy movies
American fantasy movies |
872037 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superstore%20%28season%206%29 | Superstore (season 6) | The sixth season of Superstore was the final season. Superstore is a show about people working in a big-box store named Cloud 9. The show's first episode was released on 29 October 2020 on NBC.
The series started being made in September 2020. This was during the COVID-19 pandemic. The show decided to have the episodes set during the pandemic. In December 2020, they said the season was the last one for the show.
The season had the 100th episode of the show. The show ended on 25 March 2021. "All Sales Final" was the final episode of the series. The final episode was an hour long.
Episodes
<onlyinclude>
References
2020 television seasons
COVID-19 pandemic in the United States |
872042 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pithecopus%20araguaius | Pithecopus araguaius | Pithecopus araguaius is a frog that lives in Mato Grasso, Brazil.
References
Frogs
Animals of South America |
872048 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zelenograd | Zelenograd | Zelenograd () is a city in Moscow (federal city) in Russia. The city has 221,712 people as of 2010. Zelenograd means "green city" in Russian.
History
Zelenograd was founded in 1958 as an unnamed city near Kryukovo on an empty, forested place, and it's architecture and civic layout yields to one general architectural plan. Igor Pokrovsky, which has large influence from the garden city movement, the development of the Tapiola district in Finland, and new towns in the United Kingdom (Harlow and others).
Zelenograd was planned as a center of the clothing industry initially, but in 1962, Alexander Shokin proposed to change the line of future city business to electronics. Some researchers of Russian electronics history mentioned that a similar idea was proposed to the Russian government by two escaped Silicon Valley engineers, which are Alfred Sarant and Joel Barr.
On January 15, 1963, Zelenograd received official city status and name Zelenograd, and on November 25, 1968 Zelenograd got the status of district of Moscow at the same time.
In 1988, Zelenograd incorporated the former village of Kryukovo, one of the important sites during the Moscow Battle. Several monuments to the Moscow defenders and the heroes of the Great Patriotic War of Russia are in Zelenograd and the surrounding area, the most famous of which is the Shtyki Memorial, from which the remains of the Unknown Soldier of Russia were taken for burial at the Kremlin Wall in the Alexander Garden of Moscow.
Before 1989, Zelenograd was a closed city in some aspects because it was prohibited to take photos in the central parts of Zelenograd, near the plants, teaching and research stations, and foreigners were not admitted into Zelenograd.
In 1991, Zelenograd was changed in one of the administrative okrugs of Moscow federal city in Russia.
Related pages
List of cities and towns in Russia
References
Cities in Russia
Moscow |
872050 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newsletter | Newsletter | A Newsletter is printed or electronic news about what a business or organisation does. It is sent to members (of the business or organisation), customers, employees or subscribers.
Publications |
872066 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunar%20Hembram | Kunar Hembram | Kunar Hembram , is an Engineer turned Indian parliamentarian. His nickname is Birmal Hembram. He is a working politician. He was elected to the Lok Sabha (the lower house of the Parliament of India) from Jhargram, West Bengal in the 2019 Indian general election as a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party.
References
Other Websites
Official biographical sketch in Parliament of India website
17th Lok Sabha members
Lok Sabha members from West Bengal
Living people
Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from West Bengal
People from Jhargram district |
872072 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang%20Wentian | Zhang Wentian | Zhang Wentian (30 August 1900 – 1 July 1976), also known as Luo Fu, was a high-ranking leader of the Communist Party of China.
1900 births
1976 deaths
Chinese communist politicians |
872085 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrico%20Maccioni | Enrico Maccioni | Enrico Maccioni (born 9 January 1940 in Florence), Italian painter of contemporary art.
Paintings in museums
Galleria degli Uffizi, Uffizi.
Bibliography
Monograph, Enrico Maccioni, Laudes creaturarum quas beatus Franciscus ad laudem Dei fecit Henricus Maccionus nigro humillime commentatus est lapillo, Florentiae, P. Benveduti, 1965.
Monograph, Disegni/Enrico Maccioni, Roma, Grafiche SIGAP.
Catalog, Mostra antologica del pittore Enrico Maccioni, Cagliari : Galleria d'arte La Porta d'oro, 1968.
Catalog, Disegni e pitture di Enrico Maccioni, Mino Borghi.
Personal exhibition by Enrico Maccioni e di Clara Maccioni Branca, dal 18 al 30 gennaio 1951, Gabinetto delle Stampe "Anna Marongiu Pernis".
Monopgraph, Enrico Maccioni, by Aurelio T. Prete, Accademia internazionale per l'unità della cultura, stampa 1981.
References
Other websites
Enrico Maccioni on Exibart.com
Le opere d'Arte dell'artista Enrico Maccioni, on Youtube.
1940 births
Italian painters
Living people |
872090 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminist%20pornography | Feminist pornography | People who were active in the sex-positive feminism movement developed feminist pornography. Like normal pornography, the aim is to show sexually explicit images, or describe situations which help to sexually arouse women. Most pornography is made for men; it often uses stereotypes. Feminist pornography wants to break out of these stereotyped gender roles.
Definition
Much like regular pornography, feminist pornography uses explicit images. Most pornography made for men use shallow stereotypes. Feminist pornography wants to question these stereotypes and the way in which things such as gender, sexuality or beauty are shown. Feminist porn movies often also show disabililty. They do this more often than porn made for men: Feminist porn also shows people who are sexually active, even though they are disabled in some way. Feminist pornography looks at what is considered a normal sexual relationship, and turns against seeing one sex as better than another. More often than pornography produced for men, feninist pornography uses language to produce erotic situations.
Characteristics
Most feminist porn movies were made in the last few decades. As these movies were made, people also tried to find interpretations for them and to agree on a common set of rules. These interpretations and rules change over time. The last change was made to accommodate the transgender community. In general, feminist porn wants to be seen as diverse and liberal, and to express liberal views on gender and sexuality.
Mainstream pornography is often focused on performance. Feminist pornography wants to change this understanding.
Working conditions should be fair. The single actor should have more liberty of expression. No matter what the porn movie shows, everyone should agree on what they do. Security and ethical standards are important. In feminist pornography, scenes are often developed in a collaboration with the actors.
It is important to also show sexual practices and sexual identities that are underrepresented in mainstream porn movies.
It is seen positively that women can take the role as directors, screenwriters and camerawomen in the production, but this fact is not mandatory.
With this, feminist pornography creates an aesthetic and ethical vision of change that is neither homogeneous nor clearly defined. Jasmin Hagendorfer, artistic director of the Porn Film Festival Vienna, describes her approach as follows:Feminist porn productions show that the desire and sexual perception of women can very well be the focus and that porn can also be women-, gender- and ultimately men-friendly. In addition, many feminist productions stand for fair working conditions, a say and consensus, which are often not found in mainstream productions. It is important to show that porn is produced by women for women and that it will also meet a wide audience.
Criticism
Christopher Boulton says that criticism of feminist pornography comes from religion, government policy, and feminism itself. The positions of these movements are very similar. The different movements want to reach them with different means, though. One of the critics is the organization Stop Porn Culture. Its main proponent is Gail Dines. According to her, the porn movement in western society is bad, especially the protection of children, and of public health. The means are very similar to those opponents of pornography used in the 1970s and 1980s.
Economics
Like with the mainstream porn industry, the main interests of feminist pornography are about earning money. Many of the movies are produced as independent movies. Big movie companies like Vivid Entertainment, Adam and Eve and Evil Angel Productions finance and distribute feminist pornography. Feminists deal with this in different ways: Some feminists are opposed to the big companies financing or distributing the movies. Most feminists live with the fact. Courtney Trouble said she would portray almost any character in her films if the demand was there. Only in this way would she be able to get enough money for the projects in which she could show her own ideas, which are different from the mainstream. For example, she would take on the role of a Big Beautiful Woman, although she rejects this term for herself. In her view, Capitalist value creation is a means to an end.
Books
Gayle Rubin (1993): Misguided, Dangerous and Wrong: an Analysis of Anti-Pornography Politics. In: Assiter Alison, Carol Avedon (eds. ): Bad Girls and Dirty Pictures: The Challenge to Reclaim Feminism . Pluto.
Karen Ciclitira (2004): Pornography, women and feminism: between pleasure and politics. Sexualities.
Marilyn Corsianos (2007): Mainstream pornography and "women": questioning sexual agency. Critical Sociology.
R. Claire Snyder-Hall (2010): Third-wave feminism and the defense of 'choice'. Perspectives on Politics.
James D. Griffith, Lea T. Adams, Christian L. Hart, Sharon Mitchell (2012): Why become a pornography actress? International Journal of Sexual Health.
Anne G. Sabo (2012): After pornified. How women are transforming pornography & why it really matters. Alresfort (UK).
Patrick Catuz: Feminism Fucks! Lit-Verlag, Vienna / Münster 2013.
Rachael Liberman (2015): It's a really great tool: feminist pornography and the promotion of sexual subjectivity. Porn Studies.
Rebecca Whisnant (2016): But what about feminist porn?: examining the work of Tristan Taormino. Sexualization, Media, and Society.
Other websites
Feminist Porn Org: A Guide To Ethical and Feminist Porn
"It's time for porn to change", Erika Lust's lecture at TEDxVienna
Interview with Svenja Flaßpöhler about feminist pornography (film) - Arte, 17. October 2009
References
Movie genres
Feminism |
872110 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando%20Mario%20Ch%C3%A1vez%20Ruvalcaba | Fernando Mario Chávez Ruvalcaba | Fernando Mario Chávez Ruvalcaba (30 November 1932 – 15 September 2021) was a Mexican Roman Catholic prelate. He was Bishop of Zacatecas from 1999 to 2008. He was born in Zacatecas City, Mexico.
Chávez Ruvalcaba died in Zacatecas City on 15 September 2021 from COVID-19 at the age of 88.
References
1932 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico
Roman Catholic bishops
People from Zacatecas |
872112 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Ruggie | John Ruggie | John Gerard Ruggie (18 October 1944 – 16 September 2021) was an American political scientist. He was the Berthold Beitz Research Professor in Human Rights and International Affairs at Harvard's Kennedy School of Government. He was an Affiliated Professor in International Legal Studies at Harvard Law School. From 1997 to 2001, Ruggie was the United Nations Assistant Secretary-General for Strategic Planning.
Ruggie died on 16 September 2021 at the age of 76.
References
1944 births
2021 deaths
American academics
American political scientists
Naturalized citizens of the United States
People from Graz |
872113 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shut%20Up%20and%20Dance | Shut Up and Dance | "Shut Up and Dance" is an episode of the television show Black Mirror. It is the third episode of the third series. The episode was first put on Netflix on 21 October 2016. The episode is about a teenage boy who has been caught masturbating by a hacker. The hacker blackmails the boy to go to places and commit crimes. The boy must later work with a man who is also being blackmailed. The episode was written by Charlie Brooker (creator of Black Mirror) and William Bridges. The boy is played by Alex Lawther and the man he works with is played by Jerome Flynn. The story of the episode has been said by critics to be similar to another episode, "White Bear".
References
Other websites
2010s television episodes
British television episodes |
872114 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald%20Paris | Ronald Paris | Ronald Paris (12 August 1933 – 17 September 2021) was a German painter and graphic artist. Between 1993 and 1999, Paris was a professor at the Burg Giebichenstein Arts Academy in Halle.
Paris died on 17 September 2021 at the age of 88.
References
1933 births
2021 deaths
German painters |
872116 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micha%C5%82%20Turkiewicz | Michał Turkiewicz | Michał Turkiewicz (25 November 1956 – 17 September 2021) was a Polish politician and teacher. He was born in Sulików, Poland. He was a member of the Polish United Workers' Party. He was a member of the Sejm from 2001 until 2005.
Turkiewicz died on 17 September 2021 at the age of 64.
References
1956 births
2021 deaths
Polish politicians
Polish academics |
872117 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julos%20Beaucarne | Julos Beaucarne | Julos Beaucarne, (27 June 1936 – 18 September 2021) was a Belgian poet, actor, singer-songwriter and artist. He performed in Walloon. He was known for playing father Jacques in The Mystery of the Yellow Room. Beaucarne's first single was recorded in 1964.
Beaucarne died on 18 September 2021 at the age of 85.
References
1936 births
2021 deaths
Belgian singers
Belgian movie actors
Belgian poets
Belgian artists
Songwriters |
872119 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jolidee%20Matongo | Jolidee Matongo | Jolidee Matongo (1974 – 18 September 2021) was a South African politician. He was the Mayor of Johannesburg from 10 August 2021 until his death on 18 September 2021. Before, he was a member of the mayoral committee (MMC) for finance. Matongo was a member of the African National Congress. He was born in Soweto, South Africa.
Matongo died on 18 September 2021 in a car crash in Soweto.
References
1974 births
2021 deaths
South African politicians
Mayors
People from Johannesburg
Road accident deaths |
872120 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris%20Anker%20S%C3%B8rensen | Chris Anker Sørensen | Chris Anker Sørensen (; 5 September 1984 – 18 September 2021) was a Danish professional road bicycle racer. He rode professionally between 2005 and 2018. Sørensen then worked as a directeur sportif (and co-owner) for his final professional team. He was born in Hammel, Denmark. He raced at the 2008 Summer Olympics and at the 2012 Tour de France.
Sørensen was killed after being hit by a car on 18 September 2021 in Zeebrugge, Belgium at the age of 37.
References
1984 births
2021 deaths
Road accident deaths
Danish sportspeople
Cyclists
Belgian Olympians |
872121 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butterfly%20knife | Butterfly knife | A butterfly knife (or Balisong) is a type of pocket knife that originally came from the Philippines. It has two handles that rotate. When it is closed, the blades of the knife are completely hidden. Because it has often been used for crimes, many countries have made butterfly knifes illegal.
Blades |
872123 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Bilbray | James Bilbray | James Hubert Bilbray (May 19, 1938 – September 19, 2021) was an American politician, lawyer and businessman. He was the U.S. Representative for Nevada's 1st congressional district from 1987 to 1995. He was a member of the Democratic Party. Between 2014 and 2016, he was the Chairman of the Board of Governors of the USPS.
Bilbray was born in Las Vegas, Nevada. He studied at the American University. He was a member of the Nevada Senate between 1981 until 1987. Bilbray died on September 19, 2021 in Las Vegas at the age of 83.
References
Other websites
Nevada Senate Biography
1938 births
2021 deaths
United States representatives from Nevada
Lawyers from Las Vegas, Nevada
Businesspeople from Las Vegas, Nevada
Politicians from Las Vegas, Nevada
US Democratic Party politicians |
872126 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvano%20Bussotti | Sylvano Bussotti | Sylvano Bussotti (1 October 1931 – 19 September 2021) was an Italian composer. His works were contemporary classical music. He was born in Florence, Italy. He was the artistic director of La Fenice, Venice. He was openly gay.
Bussotti died on 19 September 2021 at the age of 89.
Works
5 Piano Pieces for David Tudor (1959)
Phrase à Trois (1960)
Pour Clavier (1961)Torso (1963)La Passion selon Sade (1966)Rara Requiem (1969)Poesia di De Pisis (1975)Lorenzaccio (1972)Nottetempo (1976)Le Racine: Pianobar pour Phèdre (1980)
Fogli d'Album (1984)L'Ispirazione (1988)Fedra (1988)
Il Catalogo È Questo (1979–88)Mozartiane I (2006)Mozartiane II (2007)SilvanoSylvano (2007)Rara Film'' (1964, revised 2008)
References
1931 births
2021 deaths
Italian composers
Italian LGBT people
Gay men
LGBT composers
People from Florence |
872127 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinky%20Soliman | Dinky Soliman | Corazon Victoria "Dinky" Nerves Juliano-Soliman (January 27, 1953 – September 19, 2021) was a Filipina politician, activist and social worker. He was Secretary of Social Welfare and Development two times during the Gloria Macapagal Arroyo presidency from 2001 to 2005 and Benigno Aquino III presidency from 2010 to 2016. Soliman was born in San Miguel, Tarlac City, Philippines.
Soliman died of problems caused by heart failure and kidney failure on September 19, 2021 in Quezon City, Philippines at the age of 68.
References
1953 births
2021 deaths
Deaths from renal failure
Deaths from heart failure
Filipino politicians
Activists |
872129 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria%20Leopoldina%20of%20Austria | Maria Leopoldina of Austria | Dona Maria Leopoldina of Austria (22 January 1797 – 11 December 1826) was Empress of Brazil as the wife of Emperor Dom Pedro I from 12 October 1822 until her death. She was also Queen of Portugal during her husband's brief reign as King Dom Pedro IV from 10 March to 2 May 1826.
She was born Caroline Josepha Leopoldine Franziska Ferdinanda of Habsburg-Lorraine, Archduchess of Austria in Vienna, Austria, the daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Francis II, and his second wife, Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily. Among her many siblings were Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria and Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma, the wife of Napoleon Bonaparte.
The education Maria Leopoldina had received in childhood and adolescence was eclectic and broad, with a higher cultural level and more consistent political training. Such education of the little princes and princesses of the Habsburg family was based on the educational belief initiated by their grandfather Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II, who believed "that children should be inspired from an early age to have high qualities, such as humanity, compassion and the desire to make people happy". With a deep Christian faith and a solid scientific and cultural background (which included international politics and notions of government) the Archduchess had been prepared from an early age to being a proper royal consort.
In the 21st century, it has been proposed by some historians that she was one of the main articulators of the process of Independence of Brazil that took place in 1822. Her biographer, historian Paulo Rezzutti, maintains that it was largely thanks to her that Brazil became a nation. According to him, the wife of Dom Pedro "embraced Brazil as her country, Brazilians as her people and Independence as her cause". She was also adviser to Dom Pedro on important political decisions that reflected the future of the nation, such as the Dia do Fico and the subsequent opposition and disobedience to the Portuguese courts regarding the couple's return to Portugal. Consequently, for governing the country on Dom Pedro's trips through the Brazilian provinces, she is considered the first woman to become head of state in an independent American country.
References |
872135 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assignment%20in%20Brittany | Assignment in Brittany | Assignment in Brittany is a 1943 American World War II movie directed by Jack Conway and was based on the 1942 novel of the same name by Helen MacInnes. It stars Jean-Pierre Aumont, Susan Peters, Margaret Wycherly, Signe Hasso, Richard Whorf, Darryl Hickman, Sarah Padden, Reginald Owen and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Other websites
1943 movies
1940s war movies
American war movies
Movies based on books
MGM movies
Movies directed by Jack Conway |
872161 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center%20of%20percussion | Center of percussion | The center of percussion is the sweet spot in a sword or object that is swung, the centre of percussion is where the resonance in the object is nullified by the object.
Physics |
872164 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wee%20Willie%20Winkie | Wee Willie Winkie | Wee Willie Winkie is a 1937 American adventure drama movie directed by John Ford and was based on the story by Rudyard Kipling. It stars Shirley Temple, Victor McLaglen, C. Aubrey Smith, Cesar Romero, June Lang, Brandon Hurst, Lionel Pape, Cyril McLaglen and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1938.
Other websites
1937 movies
1930s adventure movies
1930s drama movies
American adventure movies
American drama movies
20th Century Fox movies
Movies based on short stories
Movies directed by John Ford |
872166 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phil%20Kluba | Phil Kluba | Phil Kluba is a Canadian recording artist and video producer based in Greater Toronto Area. Kluba is better known for producing music videos and live streams for Canadian singer Scott Helman, Justin Nozuka and alt-rock band MONOWHALES under the banner of his media production company Press It.
Career
Phil Kluba was born and raised in Greater Toronto Area. in 2012, he graduated Metalworks Institute with a degree in Audio Production & Engineering Diploma. In 2013, he received a grant from FACTOR Canada to produce his debut music video The Dirty Shore. In 2019, he arranged a media partnership with Facebook Canada and produced a live-streamed performance by MONOWHALES at Rolling Pictures in Toronto. Through his media production company Kluba has created content for brands such as Rogers Media, Warner Music Canada, Coalition Music, Canada’s Music Incubator and musical acts The Tragically Hip, Justin Nozuka, MONOWHALES, MKLA, The Tea Party.
Discography/filmography
References
Other websites
Canadian singer-songwriters
Musicians from Toronto |
872187 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/When%20Willie%20Comes%20Marching%20Home | When Willie Comes Marching Home | When Willie Comes Marching Home is a 1950 American World War II comedy movie directed by John Ford and was based on the 1945 short story When Leo Comes Marching Home by Sy Gomberg. It stars Dan Dailey, Corinne Calvet, Colleen Townsend, William Demarest, Jimmy Lydon, Lloyd Corrigan and was distributed by 20th Century Fox. It was nominated for an Academy Award in 1951.
Other websites
1950 comedy movies
1950s war movies
American comedy movies
American war movies
World War II movies
Movies based on short stories
20th Century Fox movies
Movies directed by John Ford |
872190 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two%20Sisters%20from%20Boston | Two Sisters from Boston | Two Sisters from Boston is a 1946 American musical comedy movie directed by Henry Koster and starring Kathryn Grayson, June Allyson, Peter Lawford, Jimmy Durante, Lauritz Melchior, Nella Walker. It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
Other websites
1946 movies
1940s musical movies
1940s comedy movies
American musical comedy movies
MGM movies
Movies directed by Henry Koster |
872194 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Jakarta%20Post | The Jakarta Post | The Jakarta Post is a widely circulated English language daily newspaper in Indonesia. The publication is owned by PT Niskala Media Tenggara and is based in Jakarta.
It started publishing since 25 April 1983.
Other website
thejakartapost.com
Newspapers |
872196 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liam%20Walsh%20%28rugby%20league%29 | Liam Walsh (rugby league) | Liam Walsh (12 September 1998 – 19 September 2021) was a professional rugby league footballer who played as a second-row forward for the Widnes Vikings in the Betfred Championship.
In 2017 he made his Super League début for Widnes against the Leeds Rhinos.
References
Other websites
Widnes Vikings profile
SL profile
Leeds Rhinos v Widnes Vikings
1998 births
2021 deaths
Rugby league players |
872206 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Vanquished | The Vanquished | The Vanquished is 1953 American western movie directed by Edward Ludwig and starring John Payne, Jan Sterling, Coleen Gray, Lyle Bettger, Willard Parker, Strother Martin, Ellen Corby, Ernestine Barrier. It was distributed by Paramount Pictures.
Other websites
1953 movies
1950s western movies
American western movies
Movies directed by Edward Ludwig
Paramount Pictures movies |
872212 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accidents%20Will%20Happen%20%28movie%29 | Accidents Will Happen (movie) | Accidents Will Happen is a 1938 American drama movie directed by William Clemens and starring Ronald Reagan, Gloria Blondell, Dick Purcell, Sheila Bromley, Addison Richards, Hugh O'Connell, Elliott Sullivan, Anderson Lawler. It was distributed by Warner Bros..
Other websites
1938 movies
1930s drama movies
American drama movies
Warner Bros. movies
Movies directed by William Clemens |
872220 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birth%20of%20Christianity | Birth of Christianity | The history of Christianity concerns the Christian religion, Christian countries, and the Christians with their various denominations, from the 1st century to the present.
Christianity originated with the ministry of Jesus, a Jewish teacher and healer who proclaimed the imminent kingdom of God and was crucified c. AD 30–33 in Jerusalem in the Roman province of Judea. His followers believe that, according to the Gospels, he was the Son of God and that he died for the forgiveness of sins and was raised from the dead and exalted by God, and will return soon at the inception of God's kingdom.
The earliest followers of Jesus were apocalyptic Jewish Christians. The inclusion of gentiles in the developing early Christian Church caused a schism between Judaism and Jewish Christianity during the first two centuries of the Christian Era. In 313, Emperor Constantine I issued the Edict of Milan legalizing Christian worship. In 380, with the Edict of Thessalonica put forth under Theodosius I, the Roman Empire officially adopted Trinitarian Christianity as its state religion, and Christianity established itself as a predominantly Roman religion in the state church of the Roman Empire. Christological debates about the human and divine nature of Jesus consumed the Christian Church for two centuries, and seven ecumenical councils were called to resolve these debates. Arianism was condemned at the First Council of Nicea (325), which supported the Trinitarian doctrine as expounded in the Nicene Creed.
Christianity |
872230 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khabarovsk | Khabarovsk | Khabarovsk () is a city in Khabarovsk Oblast, Russia.
It has 618,150 people as of 2018.
History
Khabarovsk is located at the Amur River just below the city's confluence with the Ussuri. Khabarovsk was named after E.P. Khabarov, who made several undertaken journeys to the Amur River basin in the mid-17th century. Khabarovsk was founded in May 31,1858 as a military outpost. Khabarovsk's nodal position at the point at which the Trans-Siberian Railway crosses the Amur River made it an important focus of the Russian Far East, and at one time it administered the entire area to the Bering Strait, which connects Russia and North America. Modern Khabarovsk spreads across a series of small valleys and ridges perpendicular to the Amur.
Khabarovsk has an attractive waterfront park and long area and a mixture of modern apartment blocks, factories, and old, one-story wooden houses. It is a major industrial centre, with most enterprises located in the upstream district. They include large scale engineering and machine-building industries, oil refining, timber working, furniture making, and many light industries.
Economy
Khabarovsk has an institution of higher education, agricultural, medical, teacher-training, and railway-engineering institutes and several scientific-research establishments.
References
Cities in Russia |
872232 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidence-based%20practice | Evidence-based practice | Evidence-based practice (EBP) is the concept that any medical, psychological or educational practices should be proved by science. The spread of the idea started in 1990s with the formalization of evidence-based medicine due to medical research institutes, scholars and universities.
References
Medical procedures |
872241 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pithecopus%20rohdei | Pithecopus rohdei | Rohde's frog, Rohde's leaf frog, or Marten's leaf frog (Pithecopus rohdei) is a frog that lives in southern Brazil, not high in the hills.
References
Frogs
Animals of South America |
872243 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibetan%20calendar | Tibetan calendar | The Tibetan calendar, or the Tibetan lunar calendar is a calendar based on 12 or 13 phases of the moon, which starts with a new moon, or when the moon is completely dark. A lunar month is added every 2 or 3 years to equal the solar year.
The Tibetan New Years celebration is called Losar. According to almanacs, or yearly calendar with important dates, the year starts with the third Hor month, or the Third Mongolian month.
Every month, certain dates in the calendar are used for Buddhist practices. Similarly, certain months also have importance.
Years
Years in the Tibetan calendar are similar to the Chinese zodiac, with animals signifying each year. The animals go as follows:
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|Hare
|Dragon
|Snake
|Horse
|Sheep
|Monkey
|Bird
|Dog
|Boar
|Rat
|Ox
|Tiger
|}
There are also elements. Each element goes as follows:
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|Fire
|Earth
|Iron
|Water
|Wood
|}
Each elements is associated with two years. First as male, and second as female. For example, a male Earth-Dragon year is followed by a female Earth-Snake year, then by a male Iron-Horse year.
{| class="wikitable"
!Year (Gregorian)
!Year according to rabjyung
!Wylie
!Element
!Animal
!Sex
|-
|2008
|rabjyung 17 lo 22
|sa mo glang
|Earth
|Rat
|male
|-
|2009
|rabjyung 17 lo 23
|sa pho khyi
|Earth
|Ox
|female
|-
|2010
|rabjyung 17 lo 24
|lcags pho stag
|Iron
|Tiger
|male
|-
|2011
|rabjyung 17 lo 25
|lcags mo yos
|Iron
|Hare
|female
|-
|2012
|rabjyung 17 lo 26
|chu pho 'brug
|Water
|Dragon
|male
|-
|2013
|rabjyung 17 lo 27
|chu mo sbrul
|Water
|Snake
|female
|-
|2014
|rabjyung 17 lo 28
|shing pho rta
|Wood
|Horse
|male
|-
|2015
|rabjyung 17 lo 29
|shing mo lug
|Wood
|Sheep
|female
|}
During the time of the Tibetan Empire (7th – 9th century), Tibetan months were named according to the four seasons:
First spring month (dpyid zla ra ba), middle spring month (dpyid zla 'bring po), last spring month (dpyid zla mtha' chung),
first summer month (dbyar zla ra ba), middle summer month (dbyar zla 'bring po), last summer month (dbyar zla mtha' chung),
first autumn month (ston zla ra ba), middle autumn month (ston-zla 'bring-po), last autumn month (ston zla mtha' chung),
first winter month (dgun zla ra ba), middle winter month (dgun-zla 'bring-po) and last winter month (dgun zla mtha' chung).
Since the 12th century, the months were named from the 12 animals in the Chinese zodiac:
taag (Tiger),
ye (Hare),
'drug (Dragon),
drul (Snake),
ta (Horse),
lug (Sheep)
te (Monkey),
tshya (Bird),
kyi (Dog),
phag (Boar),
tshyiwa (Rat)
lang (Ox).
With the introduction of the calendar of the "Kalacakratantra" in the second half of the 11th century, months were also named by lunar mansions. Within that, a full moon took place each month:
In the second half of the 13th century, a system was introduced of counting the month by ordinal numbers, also called the Hor month:
Calendars |
872248 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numantia | Numantia | Numantia (Spanish: Numancia) was an ancient Celtiberian settlement. Its remains are located 7 km north of the city of Soria, on a hill known as Cerro de la Muela in the municipality of Garray.
Numantia is famous for its role in the Celtiberian Wars. It was a city that became famous for its resistance against the Roman armies.
History
Origins
The first human settlements in Numantia were established in the III millennium BC. Shepherds who made seasonal movements with their flocks inhabited this area. The area had a harsh climate but the pastures were rich.
Towards the 8th century BC., handmade ceramics were used in this settlement. From the 7th century BC., the settlement became a castro. Around 350 BC., Numantia had many inhabitants and was born as a city.
Roman authors don't agree on the people that lived there. Pliny the Elder believed it was the Pellendones. However, other authors, like Strabo and Ptolemy say in their writings that the city belongs to the Arevaci people.
Roman conquest
In 153 BC, Numantia had its first serious conflict with Rome.
After 20 years of fighting, in 133 BC, the Roman Senate gave Scipio Aemilianus Africanus the task of destroying Numantia.
After 13 months of siege, the Numantians decided to burn the city before surrendering. The few survivors were sold as slaves.
Numantia was rebuilt in the time of Augustus. It was repopulated with Celtiberians.
Modern times
Today, Numancia is an archaeological site in the province of Soria.
It was declared a Bien de Interés Cultural (Site of Cultural Interest) on the 29th August 1882.
This site is being excavated by a group of archaeologists from the Complutense University of Madrid under the direction of Alfredo Jimeno. It receives funds from the Junta de Castile and León.
Since 2007 there is a controversy as the Junta of Castile and León allowed the construction of industrial estate near the ruins. Several institutions have protested against that plan despite the statement from official authorities saying that the remains won't be damaged.
References
Other websites
Official website of the Archaeological Site of Numancia
Archaeological sites in Spain
Buildings and structures in Spain |
872257 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erzincan%20Binali%20Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1r%C4%B1m%20University | Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University | Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University is a university in Erzincan, Turkey.
Colleges and universities in Turkey |
872262 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scipio%20Aemilianus | Scipio Aemilianus | Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Aemilianus (185–129 BC) was a Roman general and statesman. He is commonly called Scipio Aemilianus, or Scipio the Younger. He became known because he was a successful general in the Third Punic War against Carthage. He was present, when Carthage was defeated and destroyed. He was also successful in the Numantine War in Spain. He also supported writers and philiosophers, called a patron. The most famous of these people he supported was probably the Greek historian Polybius. In politics, he opposed the populist reform program of his murdered brother-in-law, Tiberius Gracchus.
Notes
References
Ancient sources
Appian, Roman History, Book 6, The Wars in Spain, Loeb Classical Library, Vol I, Books 1–8.1., Loeb, 1989;
Appian, Roman History, Book 8 Part 1, The Punic Wars, Loeb Classical Library, Vol III, Books 1–3.26., Loeb, 1989;
Appian, Roman History, Book 13, The Civil Wars (Book I) in Spain, Loeb Classical Library, Vol I, Books 1–81., Loeb, 1989;
Cicero, De oratore I-III, Bloomsbury 3PL; new edition, 2013;
Florus Epitome of Roman History, CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2015;
Plutarch, Tiberius Gracchus, Caius Gracchus, Romulus, in Plutarch's Lives (two volumes), Modern Library, 2001; Vol. 1 ; Vol 2
Polybius, The Histories, Oxford World's Classics, OUP Oxford, 2010;
Velleius Paterculus, Roman History, Hackett Publishing, 2011;
Ancient Rome |
872268 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmoglotta | Cosmoglotta | Cosmoglotta is the central journal of the Interlingue movement.
Edgar von Wahl founded it in the year 1922 under the name Kosmoglott. Since 1927 (number 38) the journal has the name Cosmoglotta.
It is the official journal of the Interlingue-Union.
Editors
1922-1926 Edgar de Wahl (under the name Kosmoglott, issues 1-37)
1927-1930 Engelbert Pigal
1931-1932 A.Z.Ramstedt, Bertil Blomé
1933-1950 Ric Berger
1951-1957 Interlingue Institute
1958-1985 Alphonse Matejka
1985-2000 Adrian J. Pilgrim
2000-present: Bedřich Plavec
Interlingue |
872284 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senior%20Enlisted%20Advisor%20to%20the%20Chairman | Senior Enlisted Advisor to the Chairman | The senior enlisted advisor to the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (SEAC) is the most senior non-commissioned officer (NCO) in the United States Armed Forces.
Notes
American military people |
872288 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary%20Hemings%20Bell | Mary Hemings Bell | Mary Hemings Bell''' (1753-18??) was a woman from Virginia. She was the oldest child of Elizabeth "Betty" Hemings. History does not say who her father was, but it was not John Wayles. Mary Hemings was the half-sister of Sally Hemings and James Hemings. For part of her life, she was enslaved to Thomas Jefferson.
Family history and early life
According to Mary Hemings' nephew, Madison Hemings, Mary Hemings' grandmother was a fully African woman and might have been born in Africa. She was enslaved to the Eppes family in Virginia. Historians do not know for sure what her name was. Papers with the names of enslaved women in the Eppes family include "Dinah," "Judy," "Abbie," "Sarah," "Parthenia," and others. Historian Annette Gordon-Reed said that there were many girls named "Thenia" in the Hemings family, and they might have been named after Parthenia. But she also says that "Sally" is a nickname for "Sarah," and there were many girls named "Sarah" and "Sally" in the Hemings family too.
Mary Hemings' mother was called Elizabeth "Betty" Hemings. Mary Hemings' nephew Madison Hemings told the story: Elizabeth Hemings' mother was an African woman and her father was an English sea captain named Hemings. The sea captain tried to buy Elizabeth Hemings from her owner, but the owner said no. He said he wanted to see what a half-white, half-African child would look like. Then Captain Hemings tried to take the child away from the owner without paying, but someone told the owner about his plan. Captain Hemings left Virginia and did not come back.
Captain Hemings tried to take his daughter from one of the men in the Eppes family, but historians do not know which one because they do not know when Elizabeth Hemings was born. One paper says "about 1735."
Elizabeth Hemings lived at the Eppes family's house, which was called Bermuda Hundred until 1746. That year, Martha Eppes married John Wayles. Elizabeth and other enslaved people went with Martha to Wayle's house as part of her marriage settlement. A marriage settlement was any property that a married woman could control and her husband couldn't. Technically, the Eppes family owned Elizabeth Hemings.
Elizabeth Hemings had many children. Mary Hemings was the oldest. History does not say who her father was. John Wayles was the father of most of Elizabeth Hemings' other children.
When Martha Wayles Skelton married Thomas Jefferson, Hemings and many people in her family went with Martha Skelton to Jefferson's house at Monticello. Mary Hemings was 19 or 20 years old.
Later life
Mary Hemings had four children while she lived at Monticello. Her son Joseph Fosset might have been then son of a free white man named William Fossett who also lived at Monticello. Historians do not know for sure what their relationship was like, but most of them think that if she named her son "Fosset," she must have liked him.
Thomas Jefferson gave Mary Hemings' two oldest children away. Daniel went to live with Jefferson's sister and Molly went to live with his daughter.
When Thomas Jefferson was in Paris as the United States Ambassador to France, Mary Hemings worked for a man named Thomas Bell who lived in Charlottesville, Virginia. She brought her children Joseph and Betsy with her. She had two more children at Bell's house. In 1792, Mary Hemings asked Thomas Jefferson to sell her to Bell, and he did. Historian Annette Gordon-Reed says this was a normal thing for Jefferson to do: To sell an enslaved person so they could live in the same place as someone else in their family. She writes that Jefferson knew Bell was the father of Hemings' young children but did not talk about it. He wrote to his manager, Nicholas Lewis, saying to "dispose of Mary according to her desire, with such of her younger children as she chose." He meant that Bell could buy Mary Hemings and his own children but not Mary Hemings' other children. They could not stay and live with Bell and their half-siblings. They had to go back to Monticello without their mother.
Mary lived with Bell until he died in 1800. He did not legally free her but he did unofficially free her. In his will, he left his property to their children. He wrote his will as if Mary and his children were free, and his neighbors respected it.
Children
When Jefferson sold Mary Hemings to Thomas Bell, he did not let her keep her older children with her. They went back to his house at Monticello.
Children with earlier partners:
Daniel Farley (1722-1837)
Molly (1777-after 1790)
Joseph Fosset (1780-1858)
Betsy Hemings (1783-1857)
Children with Thomas Bell:
Robert Washington Bell
Sarah Jefferson Bell
References
People from Virginia
1753 births
African-American people
Slaves |
872289 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth%20C.%20Sullivan | Ruth C. Sullivan | Ruth Christ Sullivan (April 20, 1924 – September 16, 2021) was an American organizer and activist. She was known for supporting education for people with autism. In 1965 Sullivan was one of the founders of the Autism Society of America.
Sullivan died in Huntington, West Virginia on September 16, 2021, at the age of 97.
References
1924 births
2021 deaths
American activists
People from Louisiana
People from Huntington, West Virginia |
872290 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy%20Maxwell | Billy Maxwell | Billy Joe Maxwell (July 23, 1929 – September 20, 2021) was an American professional golfer. Maxwell was born in Abilene, Texas. He won the U.S. Amateur title in 1951. Maxwell won seven times on the PGA Tour. He also played on the 1963 Ryder Cup team and was elected to the Texas Golf Hall of Fame.
Maxwell died on September 20, 2021 at the age of 92.
References
1929 births
2021 deaths
American golfers
Sportspeople from Texas |
872291 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil%20McCarthy%20%28basketball%29 | Neil McCarthy (basketball) | Neil McCarthy (May 18, 1939 – September 18, 2021) was an American college basketball coach. He was head coach of the Weber State Wildcats team from 1974 to 1985 and at the New Mexico State Aggies from 1985 to 1997.
McCarthy died at his home in Salt Lake City, Utah on September 18, 2021 at the age of 81.
References
1939 births
2021 deaths
Sportspeople from San Francisco
College basketball coaches
Sportspeople from Salt Lake City, Utah
Sportspeople from New Mexico
People from Las Cruces, New Mexico |
872293 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sm%C3%B8la | Smøla | Smøla is a municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is part of the Nordmøre region.
Smøla is the 272nd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,150.
References
Municipalities of Norway |
872294 | https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gudmund%20Restad | Gudmund Restad | Gudmund Olav Restad (19 December 1937 – 18 September 2021) was a Norwegian politician. He was a member of the Norwegian Centre Party. He was Minister of Finance from 1997 to 2000. He was Mayor of Smøla from 1980 to 1985. He was a member of the Storting between 1985 until 2001. He was born in Skaun, Norway.
Restad died on 18 September 2021 at the age of 83.
References
1937 births
2021 deaths
Norwegian politicians
Mayors |
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