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[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What are the two basic parts that all flowering plants have in common?\nA. metal and petiole, B. leaf and petiole, C. stalk and petiole, D. blade and petiole\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Flowering vascular plants also have diverse leaves. However, the leaves of all flowering plants have two basic parts in common: the blade and petiole. The blade of the leaf is the relatively wide, flat part of the leaf that gathers sunlight and undergoes photosynthesis. The petiole is the part that attaches the leaf to a stem of the plant. This occurs at a node.\nAnswer: [answer] D [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What are the two basic parts that all flowering plants have in common? A. metal and petiole, B. leaf and petiole, C. stalk and petiole, D. blade and petiole Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Flowering vascular plants also have diverse leaves. However, the leaves of all flowering plants have two basic parts in common: the blade and petiole. The blade of the leaf is the relatively wide, flat part of the leaf that gathers sunlight and undergoes photosynthesis. The petiole is the part that attaches the leaf to a stem of the plant. This occurs at a node. Answer: [answer] D [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: Salts are important in maintaining what balance of the blood?\nA. pulmonary, B. kinetic, C. osmotic, D. homeostasis\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: \nAnswer: [answer] C [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: Salts are important in maintaining what balance of the blood? A. pulmonary, B. kinetic, C. osmotic, D. homeostasis Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Answer: [answer] C [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What do some animals grow to protect themselves in winter?\nA. antennae, B. scales, C. thin skin, D. thicker fur\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: \nAnswer: [answer] D [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What do some animals grow to protect themselves in winter? A. antennae, B. scales, C. thin skin, D. thicker fur Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Answer: [answer] D [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What weather phenomenon can raise sea level as much as 25 feet when low pressure pulls water upward?\nA. earthquake surge, B. storm surge, C. storm rise, D. cloud formation\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Some of the damage done by storms is from storm surge . Low pressure in a storm pulls water upward. Water piles up at a shoreline as storm winds push waves into the coast. Storm surge may raise sea level as much as 7.5 m (25 ft). This can be devastating in a shallow land area when winds, waves, and rain are intense.\nAnswer: [answer] B [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What weather phenomenon can raise sea level as much as 25 feet when low pressure pulls water upward? A. earthquake surge, B. storm surge, C. storm rise, D. cloud formation Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Some of the damage done by storms is from storm surge . Low pressure in a storm pulls water upward. Water piles up at a shoreline as storm winds push waves into the coast. Storm surge may raise sea level as much as 7.5 m (25 ft). This can be devastating in a shallow land area when winds, waves, and rain are intense. Answer: [answer] B [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: The action of sunlight on the skin triggers the body to produce what vitamin?\nA. metabolic d, B. Vitamin A, C. tissue d, D. vitamin d\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Milk and other dairy foods are not the only sources of calcium. This important nutrient is also found in green leafy vegetables, broccoli, and intact salmon and canned sardines with their soft bones. Nuts, beans, seeds, and shellfish provide calcium in smaller quantities. Except for fatty fish like salmon and tuna, or fortified milk or cereal, vitamin D is not found naturally in many foods. The action of sunlight on the skin triggers the body to produce its own vitamin D (Figure 6.22), but many people, especially those of darker complexion and those living in northern latitudes where the sun’s rays are not as strong, are deficient in vitamin D. In cases of deficiency, a doctor can prescribe a vitamin D supplement.\nAnswer: [answer] D [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: The action of sunlight on the skin triggers the body to produce what vitamin? A. metabolic d, B. Vitamin A, C. tissue d, D. vitamin d Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Milk and other dairy foods are not the only sources of calcium. This important nutrient is also found in green leafy vegetables, broccoli, and intact salmon and canned sardines with their soft bones. Nuts, beans, seeds, and shellfish provide calcium in smaller quantities. Except for fatty fish like salmon and tuna, or fortified milk or cereal, vitamin D is not found naturally in many foods. The action of sunlight on the skin triggers the body to produce its own vitamin D (Figure 6.22), but many people, especially those of darker complexion and those living in northern latitudes where the sun’s rays are not as strong, are deficient in vitamin D. In cases of deficiency, a doctor can prescribe a vitamin D supplement. Answer: [answer] D [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What is heard when sound waves bounce back from a surface that they can't pass through?\nA. radio, B. ultrasound, C. loop, D. echo\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Did you ever hear an echo of your own voice? An echo occurs when sound waves bounce back from a surface that they can’t pass through. The woman pictured here is trying to create an echo by shouting toward a large building. When the sound waves strike the wall of the building, most of them bounce back toward the woman, and she hears an echo of her voice. An echo is just one example of how waves interact with matter.\nAnswer: [answer] D [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What is heard when sound waves bounce back from a surface that they can't pass through? A. radio, B. ultrasound, C. loop, D. echo Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Did you ever hear an echo of your own voice? An echo occurs when sound waves bounce back from a surface that they can’t pass through. The woman pictured here is trying to create an echo by shouting toward a large building. When the sound waves strike the wall of the building, most of them bounce back toward the woman, and she hears an echo of her voice. An echo is just one example of how waves interact with matter. Answer: [answer] D [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What is hole that is dug or drilled through the ground down to an aquifer?\nA. elevator, B. big hole, C. well, D. cave\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Many people get their freshwater from an aquifer. They obtain the water through a well. A well is a hole that is dug or drilled through the ground down to an aquifer.\nAnswer: [answer] C [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What is hole that is dug or drilled through the ground down to an aquifer? A. elevator, B. big hole, C. well, D. cave Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Many people get their freshwater from an aquifer. They obtain the water through a well. A well is a hole that is dug or drilled through the ground down to an aquifer. Answer: [answer] C [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What protective substance covers the skin of most reptiles?\nA. scales, B. feathers, C. pores, D. hairs\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Reptiles are a class of tetrapod vertebrates that produce amniotic eggs. They include crocodiles, alligators, lizards, snakes, and turtles. The reptile class is one of the largest classes of vertebrates. It consists of all amniotes except birds and mammals. Reptiles have several adaptations for living on dry land that amphibians lack. For example, as shown in Figure below , the skin of most reptiles is covered with scales. The scales, which are made of very tough keratin , protect reptiles from injury and prevent them from losing water.\nAnswer: [answer] A [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What protective substance covers the skin of most reptiles? A. scales, B. feathers, C. pores, D. hairs Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Reptiles are a class of tetrapod vertebrates that produce amniotic eggs. They include crocodiles, alligators, lizards, snakes, and turtles. The reptile class is one of the largest classes of vertebrates. It consists of all amniotes except birds and mammals. Reptiles have several adaptations for living on dry land that amphibians lack. For example, as shown in Figure below , the skin of most reptiles is covered with scales. The scales, which are made of very tough keratin , protect reptiles from injury and prevent them from losing water. Answer: [answer] A [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What step, involving placement of a substance on the stigma, precedes fertilization?\nA. pollination, B. hibernation, C. mitosis, D. spawning\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: \nAnswer: [answer] A [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What step, involving placement of a substance on the stigma, precedes fertilization? A. pollination, B. hibernation, C. mitosis, D. spawning Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Answer: [answer] A [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What weather phenomenon is caused by strong warm updrafts from heated ground?\nA. earthquakes, B. currents, C. eruptions, D. thunderstorms\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Thunderstorms form when the ground is really hot ( Figure below ). The air near the ground becomes very warm and humid. This is true in some locations in late afternoon or early evening in spring and summer. The warm air rises rapidly, which creates strong updrafts. When the rising air cools, its water vapor condenses. The updrafts create tall cumulonimbus clouds. Winds blow the cloud top sideways. This makes the well-known anvil shape of a cloud known as a thunderhead ( Figure below ). Water droplets and ice fly up through the cloud. When these droplets get heavy enough, they fall. This starts a downdraft. A convection cell develops within the cloud. A mature thunderstorm produces gusty winds, lightning, heavy rain, and hail.\nAnswer: [answer] D [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What weather phenomenon is caused by strong warm updrafts from heated ground? A. earthquakes, B. currents, C. eruptions, D. thunderstorms Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Thunderstorms form when the ground is really hot ( Figure below ). The air near the ground becomes very warm and humid. This is true in some locations in late afternoon or early evening in spring and summer. The warm air rises rapidly, which creates strong updrafts. When the rising air cools, its water vapor condenses. The updrafts create tall cumulonimbus clouds. Winds blow the cloud top sideways. This makes the well-known anvil shape of a cloud known as a thunderhead ( Figure below ). Water droplets and ice fly up through the cloud. When these droplets get heavy enough, they fall. This starts a downdraft. A convection cell develops within the cloud. A mature thunderstorm produces gusty winds, lightning, heavy rain, and hail. Answer: [answer] D [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: The older parts of what structures anchor the plant and transport water and solutes between the soil and shoots?\nA. roots, B. bark, C. leaves, D. cells\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: \nAnswer: [answer] A [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: The older parts of what structures anchor the plant and transport water and solutes between the soil and shoots? A. roots, B. bark, C. leaves, D. cells Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Answer: [answer] A [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What do you call a specialized type of plant tissue that transports water and nutrients throughout the plant?\nA. cambrium layer, B. vascular tissue, C. thermal tissue, D. chloroplasm\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Vascular seedless plants have vascular tissue, a specialized tissue that transports water and nutrients throughout the plant.\nAnswer: [answer] B [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What do you call a specialized type of plant tissue that transports water and nutrients throughout the plant? A. cambrium layer, B. vascular tissue, C. thermal tissue, D. chloroplasm Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Vascular seedless plants have vascular tissue, a specialized tissue that transports water and nutrients throughout the plant. Answer: [answer] B [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: The major fuel for the brain is which carbohydrate?\nA. glucose, B. insulin, C. glutamate, D. sucrose\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: The brain is a marvelous organ. And it’s a hungry one, too. The major fuel for the brain is the carbohydrate glucose. The average adult brain represents about 2% of our body’s weight, but uses 25% of the glucose in the body. Moreover, specific areas of the brain use glucose at different rates. If you are concentrating hard, (taking a test, for example) certain parts of the brain need a lot of extra glucose while other parts of the brain only use their normal amount. Something to think about.\nAnswer: [answer] A [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: The major fuel for the brain is which carbohydrate? A. glucose, B. insulin, C. glutamate, D. sucrose Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: The brain is a marvelous organ. And it’s a hungry one, too. The major fuel for the brain is the carbohydrate glucose. The average adult brain represents about 2% of our body’s weight, but uses 25% of the glucose in the body. Moreover, specific areas of the brain use glucose at different rates. If you are concentrating hard, (taking a test, for example) certain parts of the brain need a lot of extra glucose while other parts of the brain only use their normal amount. Something to think about. Answer: [answer] A [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: How do they classify tornadoes?\nA. wind speed, B. wind temperature, C. wind density, D. amount of destruction\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: The winds of a tornado can reach very high speeds. The faster the winds blow, the greater the damage they cause. Wind speed and damage are used to classify tornadoes ( Table below ).\nAnswer: [answer] A [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: How do they classify tornadoes? A. wind speed, B. wind temperature, C. wind density, D. amount of destruction Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: The winds of a tornado can reach very high speeds. The faster the winds blow, the greater the damage they cause. Wind speed and damage are used to classify tornadoes ( Table below ). Answer: [answer] A [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What part of the body does hepatitis b effect?\nA. heart, B. joints, C. kidney, D. liver\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Hepatitis B is a disease of the liver. It is caused by a virus called hepatitis B, which can be passed through sexual activity. Hepatitis B causes vomiting. It also causes yellowing of the skin and eyes. The disease goes away on its own in some people. Other people are sick for the rest of their lives. In these people, the virus usually damages the liver. It may also lead to liver cancer. Medicines can help prevent liver damage in these people. There is also a vaccine to protect against hepatitis B.\nAnswer: [answer] D [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What part of the body does hepatitis b effect? A. heart, B. joints, C. kidney, D. liver Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Hepatitis B is a disease of the liver. It is caused by a virus called hepatitis B, which can be passed through sexual activity. Hepatitis B causes vomiting. It also causes yellowing of the skin and eyes. The disease goes away on its own in some people. Other people are sick for the rest of their lives. In these people, the virus usually damages the liver. It may also lead to liver cancer. Medicines can help prevent liver damage in these people. There is also a vaccine to protect against hepatitis B. Answer: [answer] D [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: In the radiative zone, light particles called what can only travel a few millimeters before they hit another particle?\nA. electrons, B. neutrons, C. positrons, D. photons\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: The radiative zone is the next layer out. It has a temperature of about 4 million °C. Energy from the core travels through the radiative zone. The energy travels at an extremely slow rate. Light particles are called photons . In the radiative zone, photons can only travel a few millimeters before they hit another particle. The particles are absorbed and then released again. It may take 50 million years for a photon to travel all the way through the radiative zone.\nAnswer: [answer] D [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: In the radiative zone, light particles called what can only travel a few millimeters before they hit another particle? A. electrons, B. neutrons, C. positrons, D. photons Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: The radiative zone is the next layer out. It has a temperature of about 4 million °C. Energy from the core travels through the radiative zone. The energy travels at an extremely slow rate. Light particles are called photons . In the radiative zone, photons can only travel a few millimeters before they hit another particle. The particles are absorbed and then released again. It may take 50 million years for a photon to travel all the way through the radiative zone. Answer: [answer] D [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What natural resource can be damaged by the accumulation of too much salt?\nA. soil, B. mineral, C. sediment, D. forests\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Soils may also remain in place but become degraded. Soil is contaminated if too much salt accumulates. Soil can also be contaminated by pollutants.\nAnswer: [answer] A [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What natural resource can be damaged by the accumulation of too much salt? A. soil, B. mineral, C. sediment, D. forests Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Soils may also remain in place but become degraded. Soil is contaminated if too much salt accumulates. Soil can also be contaminated by pollutants. Answer: [answer] A [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What secures teeth in the mouth?\nA. plug, B. socket, C. muscles, D. cartilage\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Anatomy of a Tooth The teeth are secured in the alveolar processes (sockets) of the maxilla and the mandible. Gingivae (commonly called the gums) are soft tissues that line the alveolar processes and surround the necks of the teeth. Teeth are also held in their sockets by a connective tissue called the periodontal ligament. The two main parts of a tooth are the crown, which is the portion projecting above the gum line, and the root, which is embedded within the maxilla and mandible. Both parts contain an inner pulp cavity, containing loose connective tissue through which run nerves and blood vessels. The region of the pulp cavity that runs through the root of the tooth is called the root canal. Surrounding the pulp cavity is dentin, a bone-like tissue. In the root of each tooth, the dentin is covered by an even harder bone-like layer called cementum. In the crown of each tooth, the dentin is covered by an outer layer of enamel, the hardest substance in the body (Figure 23.11). Although enamel protects the underlying dentin and pulp cavity, it is still nonetheless susceptible to mechanical and chemical erosion, or what is known as tooth decay. The most common form, dental caries (cavities) develops when colonies of bacteria feeding on sugars in the mouth release acids that cause soft tissue inflammation and degradation of the calcium crystals of the enamel. The digestive functions of the mouth are summarized in Table 23.4.\nAnswer: [answer] B [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What secures teeth in the mouth? A. plug, B. socket, C. muscles, D. cartilage Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Anatomy of a Tooth The teeth are secured in the alveolar processes (sockets) of the maxilla and the mandible. Gingivae (commonly called the gums) are soft tissues that line the alveolar processes and surround the necks of the teeth. Teeth are also held in their sockets by a connective tissue called the periodontal ligament. The two main parts of a tooth are the crown, which is the portion projecting above the gum line, and the root, which is embedded within the maxilla and mandible. Both parts contain an inner pulp cavity, containing loose connective tissue through which run nerves and blood vessels. The region of the pulp cavity that runs through the root of the tooth is called the root canal. Surrounding the pulp cavity is dentin, a bone-like tissue. In the root of each tooth, the dentin is covered by an even harder bone-like layer called cementum. In the crown of each tooth, the dentin is covered by an outer layer of enamel, the hardest substance in the body (Figure 23.11). Although enamel protects the underlying dentin and pulp cavity, it is still nonetheless susceptible to mechanical and chemical erosion, or what is known as tooth decay. The most common form, dental caries (cavities) develops when colonies of bacteria feeding on sugars in the mouth release acids that cause soft tissue inflammation and degradation of the calcium crystals of the enamel. The digestive functions of the mouth are summarized in Table 23.4. Answer: [answer] B [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What is the production of offspring without gamete fusion called?\nA. organic reproduction, B. sexual reproduction, C. asexual reproduction, D. ideal reproduction\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: \nAnswer: [answer] C [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What is the production of offspring without gamete fusion called? A. organic reproduction, B. sexual reproduction, C. asexual reproduction, D. ideal reproduction Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Answer: [answer] C [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What causes continents to drift closer to the poles or the equator?\nA. plate movements, B. sediment movements, C. wind, D. tidal pull\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Plate movements cause continents to drift closer to the poles or the Equator. Ocean currents also shift when continents drift. All these changes can affect Earth’s temperature.\nAnswer: [answer] A [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What causes continents to drift closer to the poles or the equator? A. plate movements, B. sediment movements, C. wind, D. tidal pull Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Plate movements cause continents to drift closer to the poles or the Equator. Ocean currents also shift when continents drift. All these changes can affect Earth’s temperature. Answer: [answer] A [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What does a hypothesis become after many experiments provide results supporting it?\nA. a study, B. a theory, C. a fact, D. a model\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: The scientific method is employed by scientists around the world, but it is not always conducted in the order above. Sometimes, hypothesis are formulated before observations are collected; sometimes observations are made before hypothesis are created. Regardless, it is important that scientists record their procedures carefully, allowing others to reproduce and verify the experimental data and results. After many experiments provide results supporting a hypothesis, the hypothesis becomes a theory . Theories remain theories forever, and are constantly being retested with every experiment and observation. Theories can never become fact or law .\nAnswer: [answer] B [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What does a hypothesis become after many experiments provide results supporting it? A. a study, B. a theory, C. a fact, D. a model Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: The scientific method is employed by scientists around the world, but it is not always conducted in the order above. Sometimes, hypothesis are formulated before observations are collected; sometimes observations are made before hypothesis are created. Regardless, it is important that scientists record their procedures carefully, allowing others to reproduce and verify the experimental data and results. After many experiments provide results supporting a hypothesis, the hypothesis becomes a theory . Theories remain theories forever, and are constantly being retested with every experiment and observation. Theories can never become fact or law . Answer: [answer] B [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: Geologists group rocks based on how they what?\nA. form, B. look, C. dissove, D. move\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Geologists group rocks based on how they form. There are three major rock types. Each will be described in more detail in the coming concepts.\nAnswer: [answer] A [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: Geologists group rocks based on how they what? A. form, B. look, C. dissove, D. move Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Geologists group rocks based on how they form. There are three major rock types. Each will be described in more detail in the coming concepts. Answer: [answer] A [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What organelle contains the genetic material of the cell?\nA. nucleus, B. fetus, C. meiosis, D. gamete\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: The nucleus contains the genetic material of the cell.\nAnswer: [answer] A [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What organelle contains the genetic material of the cell? A. nucleus, B. fetus, C. meiosis, D. gamete Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: The nucleus contains the genetic material of the cell. Answer: [answer] A [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What kind of waves travel through liquids and solids as well as air?\nA. mind waves, B. radio waves, C. sound waves, D. light waves\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Sound waves can travel through many different kinds of matter. Most of the sounds we hear travel through air, but sounds can also travel through liquids such as water and solids such as glass and metal. If you swim underwater — or even submerge your ears in bathwater — any sounds you hear have traveled to your ears through water. You can tell that sounds travel through glass and other solids because you can hear loud outdoor sounds such as sirens through closed windows and doors.\nAnswer: [answer] C [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What kind of waves travel through liquids and solids as well as air? A. mind waves, B. radio waves, C. sound waves, D. light waves Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Sound waves can travel through many different kinds of matter. Most of the sounds we hear travel through air, but sounds can also travel through liquids such as water and solids such as glass and metal. If you swim underwater — or even submerge your ears in bathwater — any sounds you hear have traveled to your ears through water. You can tell that sounds travel through glass and other solids because you can hear loud outdoor sounds such as sirens through closed windows and doors. Answer: [answer] C [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What is made by trees and other plants during photosynthesis?\nA. nitrogen, B. methane, C. oxygen, D. carbon dioxide\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Oxygen is made by trees and other plants during photosynthesis. We know that we need oxygen to live. But why? This oxygen is an essential component for the optimal production of usable energy - which occurs through cellular respiration.\nAnswer: [answer] C [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What is made by trees and other plants during photosynthesis? A. nitrogen, B. methane, C. oxygen, D. carbon dioxide Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Oxygen is made by trees and other plants during photosynthesis. We know that we need oxygen to live. But why? This oxygen is an essential component for the optimal production of usable energy - which occurs through cellular respiration. Answer: [answer] C [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: Regardless of the mode, light is modeled as traveling in straight lines called what?\nA. rays, B. electrons, C. arrows, D. waves\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: 25.1 The Ray Aspect of Light There are three ways in which light can travel from a source to another location. (See Figure 25.3. ) It can come directly from the source through empty space, such as from the Sun to Earth. Or light can travel through various media, such as air and glass, to the person. Light can also arrive after being reflected, such as by a mirror. In all of these cases, light is modeled as traveling in straight lines called rays. Light may change direction when it encounters objects (such as a mirror) or in passing from one material to another (such as in passing from air to glass), but it then continues in a straight line or as a ray. The word ray comes from mathematics and here means a straight line that originates at some point. It is acceptable to visualize light rays as laser rays (or even science fiction depictions of ray guns). Ray The word “ray” comes from mathematics and here means a straight line that originates at some point.\nAnswer: [answer] A [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: Regardless of the mode, light is modeled as traveling in straight lines called what? A. rays, B. electrons, C. arrows, D. waves Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: 25.1 The Ray Aspect of Light There are three ways in which light can travel from a source to another location. (See Figure 25.3. ) It can come directly from the source through empty space, such as from the Sun to Earth. Or light can travel through various media, such as air and glass, to the person. Light can also arrive after being reflected, such as by a mirror. In all of these cases, light is modeled as traveling in straight lines called rays. Light may change direction when it encounters objects (such as a mirror) or in passing from one material to another (such as in passing from air to glass), but it then continues in a straight line or as a ray. The word ray comes from mathematics and here means a straight line that originates at some point. It is acceptable to visualize light rays as laser rays (or even science fiction depictions of ray guns). Ray The word “ray” comes from mathematics and here means a straight line that originates at some point. Answer: [answer] A [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What are organisms called, like the red-winged blackbird, that eat many different types of food?\nA. generalists, B. specalist, C. omniverous, D. carniverous\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Birds may be specialists or generalists in terms of what they eat. Generalists are organisms that eat many different types of food. Birds that are generalists include the red-winged blackbird in Figure below . It has a basic beak that can eat many different foods. Red-winged blackbirds are omnivores. They may eat a wide variety of seeds as well as insects and other small animals such as snails and frogs.\nAnswer: [answer] A [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What are organisms called, like the red-winged blackbird, that eat many different types of food? A. generalists, B. specalist, C. omniverous, D. carniverous Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Birds may be specialists or generalists in terms of what they eat. Generalists are organisms that eat many different types of food. Birds that are generalists include the red-winged blackbird in Figure below . It has a basic beak that can eat many different foods. Red-winged blackbirds are omnivores. They may eat a wide variety of seeds as well as insects and other small animals such as snails and frogs. Answer: [answer] A [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What is a common name for the descriptive hypothesis that help to understand patterns of descent?\nA. gene mapping, B. genetic order, C. genetic trees, D. evolutionary trees\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: \nAnswer: [answer] D [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What is a common name for the descriptive hypothesis that help to understand patterns of descent? A. gene mapping, B. genetic order, C. genetic trees, D. evolutionary trees Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Answer: [answer] D [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: Exemplified by a lit match bursting into flame or the process that forms fossil fuels, chemical reactions vary greatly in terms of what?\nA. density, B. speed, C. power, D. duration\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Chemical reactions vary widely in the speeds with which they occur. Some reactions occur very quickly. If a lighted match is brought in contact with lighter fluid or another flammable liquid, it erupts into flame instantly and burns fast. Other reactions occur very slowly. A container of milk in the refrigerator will be good to drink for weeks before it begins to turn sour. Millions of years were required for dead plants under Earth’s surface to accumulate and eventually turn into fossil fuels such as coal and oil.\nAnswer: [answer] B [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: Exemplified by a lit match bursting into flame or the process that forms fossil fuels, chemical reactions vary greatly in terms of what? A. density, B. speed, C. power, D. duration Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Chemical reactions vary widely in the speeds with which they occur. Some reactions occur very quickly. If a lighted match is brought in contact with lighter fluid or another flammable liquid, it erupts into flame instantly and burns fast. Other reactions occur very slowly. A container of milk in the refrigerator will be good to drink for weeks before it begins to turn sour. Millions of years were required for dead plants under Earth’s surface to accumulate and eventually turn into fossil fuels such as coal and oil. Answer: [answer] B [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What is the best room in the home to start saving water?\nA. the bedroom, B. the bathroom, C. the kitchen, D. the basement\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: It’s easy to save water at home. If you save even a few gallons a day you can make a big difference in the long run. The best place to start saving water is in the bathroom. Toilet flushing is the single biggest use of water in the home. Showers and baths are the next biggest use. Follow the tips below to save water at home.\nAnswer: [answer] B [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What is the best room in the home to start saving water? A. the bedroom, B. the bathroom, C. the kitchen, D. the basement Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: It’s easy to save water at home. If you save even a few gallons a day you can make a big difference in the long run. The best place to start saving water is in the bathroom. Toilet flushing is the single biggest use of water in the home. Showers and baths are the next biggest use. Follow the tips below to save water at home. Answer: [answer] B [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: Latitude affects the amount of which radiation a place receives?\nA. molecular, B. solar, C. surface, D. thermal\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Latitude affects the amount of solar radiation a place receives.\nAnswer: [answer] B [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: Latitude affects the amount of which radiation a place receives? A. molecular, B. solar, C. surface, D. thermal Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Latitude affects the amount of solar radiation a place receives. Answer: [answer] B [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What physical property of matter reflects how closely packed the particles are?\nA. volume, B. density, C. strength, D. diameter\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Density is an important physical property of matter. It reflects how closely packed the particles of matter are. Density is calculated from the amount of mass in a given volume of matter, using the formula:.\nAnswer: [answer] B [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What physical property of matter reflects how closely packed the particles are? A. volume, B. density, C. strength, D. diameter Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Density is an important physical property of matter. It reflects how closely packed the particles of matter are. Density is calculated from the amount of mass in a given volume of matter, using the formula:. Answer: [answer] B [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What is the force of attraction between fundamental particles called quarks, called.\nA. weak nuclear force, B. magnetism, C. strong nuclear force, D. gravity\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: The strong nuclear force is a force of attraction between fundamental particles called quarks, which have a type of charge called color charge. The strong nuclear force is transferred between quarks by fundamental force-carrying particles called gluons. Both protons and neutrons consist of quarks. The exchange of gluons holds quarks together within a proton or neutron. Excess, or residual, strong force holds together protons and neutrons in the nucleus. The strong nuclear force is strong enough to overcome the electromagnetic force of repulsion pushing protons apart. Both forces are represented in the Figure below .\nAnswer: [answer] C [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What is the force of attraction between fundamental particles called quarks, called. A. weak nuclear force, B. magnetism, C. strong nuclear force, D. gravity Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: The strong nuclear force is a force of attraction between fundamental particles called quarks, which have a type of charge called color charge. The strong nuclear force is transferred between quarks by fundamental force-carrying particles called gluons. Both protons and neutrons consist of quarks. The exchange of gluons holds quarks together within a proton or neutron. Excess, or residual, strong force holds together protons and neutrons in the nucleus. The strong nuclear force is strong enough to overcome the electromagnetic force of repulsion pushing protons apart. Both forces are represented in the Figure below . Answer: [answer] C [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: The force that pulls objects toward the earth is what?\nA. Tension, B. Magnetic force, C. Friction, D. gravity\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: \nAnswer: [answer] D [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: The force that pulls objects toward the earth is what? A. Tension, B. Magnetic force, C. Friction, D. gravity Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Answer: [answer] D [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What is the distance something travels in a given amount of time called?\nA. revolution, B. circulation, C. coverage, D. speed\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: A snail might travel 2 centimeters in a minute. A cheetah might travel 2 kilometers in the same amount of time. The distance something travels in a given amount of time is its speed.\nAnswer: [answer] D [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What is the distance something travels in a given amount of time called? A. revolution, B. circulation, C. coverage, D. speed Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: A snail might travel 2 centimeters in a minute. A cheetah might travel 2 kilometers in the same amount of time. The distance something travels in a given amount of time is its speed. Answer: [answer] D [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: One type of tissue, called brown fat, is made up of cells packed full of what?\nA. mitochondria, B. chromosomes, C. proteins, D. Atoms\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: \nAnswer: [answer] A [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: One type of tissue, called brown fat, is made up of cells packed full of what? A. mitochondria, B. chromosomes, C. proteins, D. Atoms Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Answer: [answer] A [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: Abnormal electrical activity in the brain is the cause of what disease associated with seizures?\nA. malaria, B. Alzheimer's, C. epilepsy, D. anemia\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: Epilepsy is a disease in which seizures occur. A seizure is a period of lost consciousness that may include violent muscle contractions. It is caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Epilepsy may result from an infection, injury, or tumor. In many cases, however, the cause can’t be identified. There is no known cure for epilepsy, but the seizures often can be prevented with medicine. Sometimes children with epilepsy outgrow it by adulthood.\nAnswer: [answer] C [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: Abnormal electrical activity in the brain is the cause of what disease associated with seizures? A. malaria, B. Alzheimer's, C. epilepsy, D. anemia Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: Epilepsy is a disease in which seizures occur. A seizure is a period of lost consciousness that may include violent muscle contractions. It is caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Epilepsy may result from an infection, injury, or tumor. In many cases, however, the cause can’t be identified. There is no known cure for epilepsy, but the seizures often can be prevented with medicine. Sometimes children with epilepsy outgrow it by adulthood. Answer: [answer] C [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: Because atoms are always electrically neutral, for each added proton, one of what is also added?\nA. quark, B. ion, C. neutron, D. electron\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: From left to right across the periodic table, each element has one more proton than the element to its left. Because atoms are always electrically neutral, for each added proton, one electron is also added. Electrons are added first to the lowest energy level possible until that level is full. Only then are electrons added to the next higher energy level.\nAnswer: [answer] D [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: Because atoms are always electrically neutral, for each added proton, one of what is also added? A. quark, B. ion, C. neutron, D. electron Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: From left to right across the periodic table, each element has one more proton than the element to its left. Because atoms are always electrically neutral, for each added proton, one electron is also added. Electrons are added first to the lowest energy level possible until that level is full. Only then are electrons added to the next higher energy level. Answer: [answer] D [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What is the group of single-celled organisms lacking a nucleus that have a single piece of circular dna in the nucleoid area of the cell?\nA. algae, B. chromosomes, C. eukaryotes, D. prokaryotes\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: 22.2 Structure of Prokaryotes Prokaryotes (domains Archaea and Bacteria) are single-celled organisms lacking a nucleus. They have a single piece of circular DNA in the nucleoid area of the cell. Most prokaryotes have a cell wall that lies outside the boundary of the plasma membrane. Some prokaryotes may have additional structures such as a capsule, flagella, and pili. Bacteria and Archaea differ in the lipid composition of their cell membranes and the characteristics of the cell wall. In archaeal membranes, phytanyl units, rather than fatty acids, are linked to glycerol. Some archaeal membranes are lipid monolayers instead of bilayers. The cell wall is located outside the cell membrane and prevents osmotic lysis. The chemical composition of cell walls varies between species. Bacterial cell walls contain peptidoglycan. Archaean cell walls do not have peptidoglycan, but they may have pseudopeptidoglycan, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, or protein-based cell walls. Bacteria can be divided into two major groups: Gram positive and Gram negative, based on the Gram stain reaction. Gram-positive organisms have a thick cell wall, together with teichoic acids. Gram-negative organisms have a thin cell wall and an outer envelope containing lipopolysaccharides and lipoproteins.\nAnswer: [answer] D [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What is the group of single-celled organisms lacking a nucleus that have a single piece of circular dna in the nucleoid area of the cell? A. algae, B. chromosomes, C. eukaryotes, D. prokaryotes Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: 22.2 Structure of Prokaryotes Prokaryotes (domains Archaea and Bacteria) are single-celled organisms lacking a nucleus. They have a single piece of circular DNA in the nucleoid area of the cell. Most prokaryotes have a cell wall that lies outside the boundary of the plasma membrane. Some prokaryotes may have additional structures such as a capsule, flagella, and pili. Bacteria and Archaea differ in the lipid composition of their cell membranes and the characteristics of the cell wall. In archaeal membranes, phytanyl units, rather than fatty acids, are linked to glycerol. Some archaeal membranes are lipid monolayers instead of bilayers. The cell wall is located outside the cell membrane and prevents osmotic lysis. The chemical composition of cell walls varies between species. Bacterial cell walls contain peptidoglycan. Archaean cell walls do not have peptidoglycan, but they may have pseudopeptidoglycan, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, or protein-based cell walls. Bacteria can be divided into two major groups: Gram positive and Gram negative, based on the Gram stain reaction. Gram-positive organisms have a thick cell wall, together with teichoic acids. Gram-negative organisms have a thin cell wall and an outer envelope containing lipopolysaccharides and lipoproteins. Answer: [answer] D [/answer]</s>
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer.\nQuestion: What are electromagnetic waves created by?\nA. particle charges, B. oscillating charges, C. gravitational charges, D. Static Charges\nWrite your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer]\nOnly include your solution inside the tokens." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Think: 24.2 Production of Electromagnetic Waves • Electromagnetic waves are created by oscillating charges (which radiate whenever accelerated) and have the same frequency as the oscillation. • Since the electric and magnetic fields in most electromagnetic waves are perpendicular to the direction in which the wave moves, it is ordinarily a transverse wave. • The strengths of the electric and magnetic parts of the wave are related by.\nAnswer: [answer] B [/answer]" } ]	<s>[INST] Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. Question: What are electromagnetic waves created by? A. particle charges, B. oscillating charges, C. gravitational charges, D. Static Charges Write your final solution clearly between the following special tokens:[answer] your_answer_here [/answer] Only include your solution inside the tokens. [/INST]Think: 24.2 Production of Electromagnetic Waves • Electromagnetic waves are created by oscillating charges (which radiate whenever accelerated) and have the same frequency as the oscillation. • Since the electric and magnetic fields in most electromagnetic waves are perpendicular to the direction in which the wave moves, it is ordinarily a transverse wave. • The strengths of the electric and magnetic parts of the wave are related by. Answer: [answer] B [/answer]</s>