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short-term rental and home sharing business, we are subject to a wide
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variety of laws, regulations and rules governing our business practices,
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the Internet, e-commerce, and electronic devices, including those
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relating to taxation, privacy, data privacy, data security, pricing,
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content, advertising, discrimination, consumer protection, protection of
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minors, copyrights, distribution, messaging, mobile communications,
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electronic device certification, electronic waste, electronic contracts,
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communications, Internet access, competition, and unfair commercial
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practices. We are also subject to laws, regulations, and rules governing
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the provision of online payment services, the design and operation of
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our platform, and the operations, characteristics, and quality of our
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platform and services. Additionally, we are subject to a variety of
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taxes and tax collection obligations in the United States (federal,
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state, and local) and numerous foreign jurisdictions.
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Our payments platform is subject to various laws, rules, regulations,
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policies, legal interpretations, and regulatory guidance, including
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those governing: cross-border and domestic money transmission and funds
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transfers; stored value and prepaid access; foreign exchange; data
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privacy, data security, and cybersecurity; banking secrecy; payment
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services (including payment processing and settlement services);
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consumer protection; economic and trade sanctions; anti-corruption and
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anti-bribery; and anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing.
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Our business collects, processes and uses the personal data of
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individuals across the globe. As a result, compliance with laws on data
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privacy and data security regulating the storage, sharing, use,
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processing, transfer, disclosure, and protection of personal data is
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core to our strategy and integral to the creation of trust in our
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platform. We take a variety of technical and organizational security
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measures and other procedures and protocols to protect data, including
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data pertaining to Hosts, guests, employees, and others. Despite
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measures we put in place, we may be unable to anticipate or prevent
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unauthorized access to such data.
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Legal requirements relating to the collection, storage, handling, use,
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disclosure, transfer, and security of personal data continue to evolve,
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and regulatory scrutiny in this area is increasing around the world.
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This increases the complexity of compliance requirements, may limit
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offerings, and result in additional expenses while also diverting
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attention and resources from other projects. Regulators around the world
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continue to propose more stringent data privacy and data security laws,
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and these laws are rapidly increasing in number, complexity,
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enforcement, fines, and penalties. Data privacy and data security laws
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and their interpretations continue to develop and may be inconsistent
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from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
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5
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As we continue to expand the reach of our brand into additional markets,
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we will be increasingly subject to additional laws, regulations, and
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rules.
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For additional information regarding these and other laws, regulations,
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and rules that affect us and our business, see Note 12, *Commitments and
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Contingencies --Legal and Regulatory Matters --Regulatory Matters* to
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our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual
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Report on Form 10-K and Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors of this Annual
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Report on Form 10-K.
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Seasonality
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Our business is seasonal, reflecting typical travel behavior patterns
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over the course of the calendar year. In a typical year, the first,
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second, and third quarters have higher Nights and Experiences Booked
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than the fourth quarter, as guests plan for travel during the peak
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travel season, which is in the third quarter for North America and
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Europe, the Middle East, and Africa ("MEA". Our key business metrics,
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including Gross Booking Value ("BV" and Adjusted EBITDA, can also be
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impacted by the timing of holidays and other events. We experience
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seasonality in our GBV that is generally consistent with the seasonality
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of Nights and Experiences Booked. Revenue and Adjusted EBITDA have
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historically been, and are expected to continue to be, highest in the
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third quarter when we have the most check-ins, which is the point at
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which we recognize revenue. Seasonal trends in our GBV impact Free Cash
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Flow for any given quarter. Our costs are relatively fixed across
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quarters or vary in line with the volume of transactions, and we
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historically achieve our highest GBV in the first and second quarters of
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the year with comparatively lower check-ins. As a result, increases in
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unearned fees generally make our Free Cash Flow and Free Cash Flow as a
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percentage of revenue the highest in the first two quarters of the year.
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We typically see a slight decline in GBV and a peak in check-ins in the
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third quarter, which results in a decrease in unearned fees and lower
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sequential level of Free Cash Flow, and a greater decline in GBV in the
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fourth quarter, where Free Cash Flow is typically lower. As our business
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matures, other seasonal trends may develop, or these existing seasonal
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trends may become more extreme. See the section titled "anagement'
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Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
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---Key Business Metrics and Non-GAAP Financial Measures"included in Item
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7 of Part 2 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for definitions of our
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key business metrics.
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While we saw COVID-19 distort the historical patterns of seasonality for
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our GBV, revenue, Adjusted EBITDA, and Free Cash Flow in 2020 and 2021
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as a result of travel restrictions and changing travel preferences
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relating to the COVID-19 pandemic, we saw pre-pandemic patterns of
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seasonality return in 2022.
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Competition
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