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MemGPT 105

[ "Leon Battista Alberti" ]

[ { "title": "History of geometry", "text": "pictura\" (1435/1436), a treatise on proper methods of showing distance in painting based on Euclidean geometry. Alberti was also trained in the science of optics through the school of Padua and under the influence of Biagio Pelacani da Parma who studied Alhazen's \"Optics'. Piero della Francesca elaborated on Della Pittura in his \"De Prospectiva Pingendi\" in the 1470s. Alberti had limited himself to figures on the ground plane and giving an overall basis for perspective. Della Francesca fleshed it out, explicitly covering solids in any area of the picture plane. Della Francesca also started the now common practice of using", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "150869", "score": "1.2027204", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Paolo Uccello", "text": "Paolo Uccello Paolo Uccello (; 1397 – 10 December 1475), born Paolo di Dono, was an Italian painter and mathematician who was notable for his pioneering work on visual perspective in art. In his book \"Lives of the Artists\" Giorgio Vasari wrote that Uccello was obsessed by his interest in perspective and would stay up all night in his study trying to grasp the exact vanishing point. While his contemporaries used perspective to narrate different or succeeding stories, Uccello used perspective to create a feeling of depth in his paintings. His best known works are the three paintings representing the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "321417", "score": "1.1555893", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Mathematics and art", "text": "Masaccio's painting of the Holy Trinity shows his principles at work. The Italian painter Paolo Uccello (1397–1475) was fascinated by perspective, as shown in his paintings of \"The Battle of San Romano\" (c. 1435–1460): broken lances lie conveniently along perspective lines. The painter Piero della Francesca (c.1415–1492) exemplified this new shift in Italian Renaissance thinking. He was an expert mathematician and geometer, writing books on solid geometry and perspective, including \"De Prospectiva Pingendi (On Perspective for Painting)\", \"Trattato d'Abaco (Abacus Treatise)\", and \"De corporibus regularibus (On Regular Solids)\". The historian Vasari in his \"Lives of the Painters\" calls Piero the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13272657", "score": "1.1501585", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Lorenzo Ghiberti", "text": "time that Paolo began his lifelong friendship with Donatello. In about 1413 one of Ghiberti's contemporaries, Filippo Brunelleschi, demonstrated the geometrical method of perspective used today by artists, by painting the outlines of various Florentine buildings onto a mirror. When the building's outline was continued, he noticed that all of the lines converged on the horizon line. Recent scholarship indicates that in his work on perspective, Ghiberti was influenced by the Arab polymath Alhazen who had written about the optical basis of perspective in the early 11th century. His \"Book of Optics\" was translated into Italian in the 14th century", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1400262", "score": "1.1486416", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "De Prospectiva Pingendi", "text": "De Prospectiva Pingendi De Prospectiva pingendi (On the Perspective of painting) is the earliest and only pre–1500 Renaissance treatise solely devoted to the subject of perspective. It was written by the Italian master Piero della Francesca late in his career but possibly by c. 1474. Despite its Latin title, the opus is written in Italian. The subjects covered by Piero della Francesca in these writings include arithmetic, algebra, geometry and innovative work in both solid geometry and perspective. The script consists of three parts: \"De Prospectiva Pingendi\" was probably created in the years between 1474 until 1482. The writings were", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14465271", "score": "1.1457083", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Perspective (graphical)", "text": "without a basis in a systematic theory. Byzantine art was also aware of these principles, but also had the reverse perspective convention for the setting of principal figures. In about 1413 a contemporary of Ghiberti, Filippo Brunelleschi, demonstrated the geometrical method of perspective, used today by artists, by painting the outlines of various Florentine buildings onto a mirror. When the building's outline was continued, he noticed that all of the lines converged on the horizon line. According to Vasari, he then set up a demonstration of his painting of the Baptistery in the incomplete doorway of the Duomo. He had", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2343021", "score": "1.1349139", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Giovanni Nicolò Miretto", "text": "74 more scenes by 1440. Giovanni Nicolò Miretto Giovanni Nicolò Miretto (active 1423 to circa 1440) was an Italian painter active in Padua, region of the Veneto. Little is known of his biography. He frescoed the inside of the Palazzo della Ragione, Padua. The building had originally been frescoed in 1306–1309 by Giotto and followers, but these works were lost during a fire that broke out on 2 February 1420. The building was reconstructed and frescoed by Nicolò Miretto and assistants. They completed more than 244 scenes depicting the professions of the times, and astrological influences. Circa 1430, Stefano da", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19309621", "score": "1.1234714", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Masaccio", "text": "The name may have been created to distinguish him from his principal collaborator, also called Maso, who came to be known as Masolino (\"little/delicate Tom\"). Despite his brief career, he had a profound influence on other artists and is considered to have started the Early Italian Renaissance in painting with his works in the mid- and late-1420s. He was one of the first to use linear perspective in his painting, employing techniques such as vanishing point in art for the first time. He moved away from the International Gothic style and elaborate ornamentation of artists like Gentile da Fabriano to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "420098", "score": "1.1219283", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Antonello da Messina", "text": "follower, Petrus Christus, in Milan in early 1456. It appears likely that Antonello di Sicilia was in fact Antonello da Messina as this would explain why Messina was one of the first Italians to master Eyckian oil painting, and Christus was the first Netherlandish painter to learn Italian linear perspective. Messina's paintings after that date show an observation of almost microscopic detail and of minute gradations of light on reflecting or light absorbent objects that is very close to the style of the Netherlandish masters, suggesting Messina had personal instruction from Christus. As well, his works' calmer expressions on peoples'", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1871442", "score": "1.120711", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "De pictura", "text": "De pictura (English: \"On Painting\") is a treatise written by the Italian architect and art theorist Leon Battista Alberti. The first version, written in vernacular Italian in 1435 under the title Della pittura, was for a general audience. The Latin version, the De pictura of 1439–41, was more technical and intended for scholars. The work is the first in a trilogy of treatises on the \"Major arts\" which had a widespread circulation during the Renaissance, the others being De re aedificatoria (\"On Architecture\", 1454) and De statua (\"On Sculpture\", 1462).", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Olivuccio di Ciccarello", "text": "Olivuccio di Ciccarello Olivuccio Ceccarello di Ciccarello (died 1439) was an Italian painter. Little is known of his life. He was a native of Camerino and was active from 1388 until his death. In 2002 works formerly attributed to an obscure painter named Carlo da Camerino were re-attributed to Olivuccio di Ciccarello as it had become clear Carlo da Camerino had never existed. He worked at Ancona, where he was the most important painter of the gothic painting school. His works have undergone a remarkable dispersion, and are now exhibited in museums in various countries: in Italy: (Ancona, Macerata Feltria,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14063695", "score": "1.11583", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Renaissance art", "text": "forward in the paintings of Fra Angelico, particularly in his frescos at the Convent of San Marco in Florence. The treatment of the elements of perspective and light in painting was of particular concern to 15th-century Florentine painters. Uccello was so obsessed with trying to achieve an appearance of perspective that, according to Vasari, it disturbed his sleep. His solutions can be seen in his masterpiece set of three paintings, the Battle of San Romano which is believed to have been completed by 1460. Piero della Francesca made systematic and scientific studies of both light and linear perspective, the results", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2091185", "score": "1.1113977", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Masolino da Panicale", "text": "Masolino da Panicale Masolino da Panicale (nickname of Tommaso di Cristoforo Fini; c. 1383 – c. 1447) was an Italian painter. His best known works are probably his collaborations with Masaccio: \"Madonna with Child and St. Anne\" (1424) and the frescoes in the Brancacci Chapel (1424–1428). Masolino (\"Little Tom\") was possibly born in Panicale near Florence. He may have been an assistant to Ghiberti in Florence between 1403 and 1407. In 1423, he joined the Florentine guild \"Arte dei Medici e Speziali\" (Doctors and Apothecaries), which included painters as an independent branch. He may have been the first artist to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1726984", "score": "1.1099595", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Leon Battista Alberti", "text": "burgeoning pictorial art in Florence in the early 15th century. In this work he analyses the nature of painting and explores the elements of perspective, composition and colour. In 1438 he began to focus more on architecture and was encouraged by the Marchese Leonello d'Este of Ferrara, for whom he built a small triumphal arch to support an equestrian statue of Leonello's father. In 1447 he became the architectural advisor to Pope Nicholas V and was involved with several projects at the Vatican. His first major architectural commission was in 1446 for the facade of the Rucellai Palace in Florence.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "241283", "score": "1.1072192", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Mathematics and art", "text": "in his 1435 \"De pictura\": \"light rays travel in straight lines from points in the observed scene to the eye, forming a kind of pyramid with the eye as vertex.\" A painting constructed with linear perspective is a cross-section of that pyramid. In \"De Prospectiva Pingendi\", Piero transforms his empirical observations of the way aspects of a figure change with point of view into mathematical proofs. His treatise starts in the vein of Euclid: he defines the point as \"the tiniest thing that is possible for the eye to comprehend\". He uses deductive logic to lead the reader to the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13272659", "score": "1.1009696", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Fra Carnevale", "text": "1445 \"as a pupil not an apprentice which implies his early training was in the Marshes, possibly under the monk Jacopo Veneto; however another document connects him with Antonio Alberti.\" Lippi was recognized as “a crucible for artistic experiments by ‘the 1425 generation.’” Returning to Urbino, at this time he began an architectural project and brought artists from Florence such as Maso di Bartolomeo and Luca della Robbia. His facial types and technique for articulating drapery folds are recognized from Piero della Francesca. Although his paintings are widely seen as perspectively inaccurate, he uses the motif of architectural backgrounds to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9974065", "score": "1.1008244", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Pietro Perugino", "text": "Lorenzo di Credi, Filippino Lippi and others. Piero della Francesca is thought to have taught him perspective form. In 1472, he must have completed his apprenticeship since he was enrolled as a master in the Confraternity of St Luke. Pietro, although very talented, was not extremely enthusiastic about his work. Perugino was one of the earliest Italian practitioners of oil painting. Some of his early works were extensive frescoes for the convent of the Ingessati fathers, destroyed during the Siege of Florence; he produced for them also many cartoons, which they executed with brilliant effect in stained glass. A good", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3530436", "score": "1.0996267", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Piero della Francesca", "text": "d'Abaco)\", \"Short Book on the Five Regular Solids (Libellus de Quinque Corporibus Regularibus)\" and \"On Perspective for Painting\" (\"De Prospectiva Pingendi\"). The subjects covered in these writings include arithmetic, algebra, geometry and innovative work in both solid geometry and perspective. Much of Piero’s work was later absorbed into the writing of others, notably Luca Pacioli. Piero’s work on solid geometry appears in Pacioli’s \"De divina proportione\", a work illustrated by Leonardo da Vinci. Biographers of his patron, Federico da Montefeltro of Urbino, record that he was encouraged to pursue the interest in perspective which was shared by the Duke. In", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1694305", "score": "1.0975244", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Donato de' Bardi", "text": "Donato de' Bardi Donato Conte de' Bardi (Active 1426– died 1450/1451) was an Italian painter of the Quattrocento period. He was born in Pavia. He is cited as a painter in Genoa in 1426. In 1433, he painted an altarpiece of the \"Crucifixion with the Magdalen and Saints\" for the Cathedral. Another \"Crucifixion with Saints\" was painted for the Ospedale di San Paolo in Savona. A Maesta was completed after his death by Giovanni Giorgio in 1451. His work shows some Flemish influences. His brother Boniforte was also a painter. He trained in the workshops of international Gothic in Lombardy,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17932970", "score": "1.0941527", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Italian art", "text": "the early 15th century. They included the painter Masaccio, the sculptor Donatello, and the architect Filippo Brunelleschi. Masaccio's finest work was a series of frescoes he painted about 1427 in the Brancacci Chapel of the Church of Santa Maria del Carmine in Florence. The frescoes realistically show Biblical scenes of emotional intensity. In these paintings, Masaccio utilized Brunelleschi's system for achieving linear perspective. In his sculptures, Donatello tried to portray the dignity of the human body in realistic and often dramatic detail. His masterpieces include three statues of the Biblical hero David. In a version finished in the 1430s, Donatello", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3929273", "score": "1.0938891", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Niccolò di Pietro", "text": "Niccolò di Pietro Niccolò di Pietro, also Niccolo di Pietro Veneziano, Niccolo Paradiso, (active late 14th century-early 15th century) was a Sienese School painter of Medieval art. The date of his birth and death are unknown. In the archival documents and in inscriptions on paintings of his name can be traced from 1394 to 1430: in 1394 his name appeared on the first available date of the picture, in 1430, referred to the last time the document associated with the wedding of his daughter Antonia. For some of his work the artist signed \"Nicolo Paradiso\", indicating that he lived in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18204110", "score": "1.0857732", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Bartolomeo di Tommaso", "text": "asked him to come to Rome and work in various projects. He painted a \"Virgin and Saints\" in 1430 for the church of San Salvatore at Foligno. Bartolomeo di Tommaso Bartolomeo di Tommaso, also known as Bartolomeo da Foligno (born in Foligno, c. 1400, active by 1425, died 1453/54) was an Italian painter of the Umbro-Sienese school. He was in Ancona from 1425 to 1442, when he returned to Foligno with his wife, Onofria, the sister of the painter Pierantonio Mezzastris. Bartolomeo was documented in Norcia in 1442, at work in the choir of Sant’ Agostino with a group of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14692772", "score": "1.0846941", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Gentile da Fabriano", "text": "for a church in Perugia. From 1410–1412 is one of his first masterworks, the Valle Romita Polyptych (now at the Pinacoteca di Brera). In 1410–1411 he was at Foligno, where he frescoed the Palazzo Trinci. In 1414 he moved to Brescia, at the service of Pandolfo III Malatesta, and painted the Broletto Chapel, a work now mostly lost. In the Spring 1420 he was again in Fabriano. On 6 August 1420 he was in Florence, where he painted his famous altarpiece depicting the \"Adoration of the Magi\" (1423), now in the Uffizi and regarded as one of the masterpieces of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1696094", "score": "1.0825151", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Science and inventions of Leonardo da Vinci", "text": "what is flat appear in relief and what is in relief flat. During the early 15th century, both Brunelleschi and Alberti made studies of linear perspective. In 1436 Alberti published \"\"della Pittura\"\" (\"On Painting\"), which includes his findings on linear perspective. Piero della Francesca carried his work forward and by the 1470s a number of artists were able to produce works of art that demonstrated a full understanding of the principles of linear perspective. Leonardo studied linear perspective and employed it in his earlier paintings. His use of perspective in the two Annunciations is daring, as he uses various features", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9634864", "score": "1.0813522", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Leon Battista Alberti", "text": "things with which my subject is concerned.\" \"Della pittura\" (also known in Latin as \"De Pictura\") relied in its scientific content on classical optics in determining perspective as a geometric instrument of artistic and architectural representation. Alberti was well-versed in the sciences of his age. His knowledge of optics was connected to the handed-down long-standing tradition of the \"Kitab al-manazir\" (\"The Optics\"; \"De aspectibus\") of the Arab polymath Alhazen (Ibn al-Haytham, d. c. 1041), which was mediated by Franciscan optical workshops of the 13th-century \"Perspectivae\" traditions of scholars such as Roger Bacon, John Peckham and Witelo (similar influences are also", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "241289", "score": "1.081263", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Giovanni Nicolò Miretto", "text": "Giovanni Nicolò Miretto Giovanni Nicolò Miretto (active 1423 to circa 1440) was an Italian painter active in Padua, region of the Veneto. Little is known of his biography. He frescoed the inside of the Palazzo della Ragione, Padua. The building had originally been frescoed in 1306–1309 by Giotto and followers, but these works were lost during a fire that broke out on 2 February 1420. The building was reconstructed and frescoed by Nicolò Miretto and assistants. They completed more than 244 scenes depicting the professions of the times, and astrological influences. Circa 1430, Stefano da Ferrara joined the effort, painting", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19309620", "score": "1.0791146", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Perspective (graphical)", "text": "covering solids in any area of the picture plane. Della Francesca also started the now common practice of using illustrated figures to explain the mathematical concepts, making his treatise easier to understand than Alberti's. Della Francesca was also the first to accurately draw the Platonic solids as they would appear in perspective. Luca Pacioli's 1509 \"De divina proportione\" (\"On Divine Proportion\"), illustrated by Leonardo da Vinci, summarized the use of perspective in painting. Perspective remained, for a while, the domain of Florence. Jan van Eyck, among others, was unable to create a consistent structure for the converging lines in paintings,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2343027", "score": "1.0790715", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Jacopo Dondi dell'Orologio", "text": "et Arabas\" (1553), together with \"De fontibus calidis agri Patavini consideratio\" by his son Giovanni. Dondi's treatise on the tides, \"De fluxu atque refluxu maris\", probably dates from between 1355 and 1359. It was frequently cited in the 14th and 15th centuries; the \"De fluxu ac refluxu maris subtilis et erudita disputatio\" of Federico Delfino (1559) plagiarises it, as does the anonymous 16th-century manuscript \"Questio de estu sive de fluxu et refluxu maris per sex horas\" in the Biblioteca Casanatense of Rome. Dondi is credited with having painted the first topographic map of the territory of Padua. Now lost, it", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16274362", "score": "1.0771163", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Perspective (graphical)", "text": "lines converged approximately to a vanishing point, and the rate at which the horizontal lines receded into the distance was graphically determined. This became an integral part of Quattrocento art. Melozzo da Forlì first used the technique of upward foreshortening (in Rome, Loreto, Forlì and others), and was celebrated for that. Not only was perspective a way of showing depth, it was also a new method of composing a painting. Paintings began to show a single, unified scene, rather than a combination of several. As shown by the quick proliferation of accurate perspective paintings in Florence, Brunelleschi likely understood (with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2343023", "score": "1.0770954", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Bartolomeo di Fruosino", "text": "Bartolomeo di Fruosino Bartolomeo di Fruosino (1366 or 1369 – 7 December 1441) was an Italian painter and illuminator of the Florentine School and Renaissance art. Bartolomeo was born, and lived and worked his whole life in Florence. Part of the indecision about his age and birth year comes from differing statements he had made: in 1427 he gave 61, and 64 in 1433. His brother, Giovanni, was a sculptor and possibly a painter as well. Bartolomeo was enrolled in the Guild of Saint Luke of Florence with Agnolo Gaddi since 1394, and worked on the design of the Cappella", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18202008", "score": "1.0764947", "original_retrieval_index": 32 } ]

[ "Dwayne Johnson", "Lin-Manuel Miranda", "Jordan Fisher" ]

[ { "title": "Moana (soundtrack)", "text": "also developing and starring in the Broadway musical \"Hamilton\", which meant he was able to recruit \"Hamilton\" stars Phillipa Soo, Christopher Jackson, and Renée Elise Goldsberry as well as \"In The Heights\" star Marcy Harriell to help him record demos of his songs. The songs feature Foa'i's New Zealand-based vocal group Te Vaka, as well as a choir from Fiji. The soundtrack contains seven original songs, two reprises, and two end-credits versions of songs from the film. Mancina composed the score and produced both the score and the songs. In addition to guitars and strings, the score features Polynesian vocals", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19815283", "score": "1.2435747", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Moana (singer)", "text": "2nd place in the World category at the International Songwriting Contest. Moana is one half of an award-winning film-making team led by her partner and band member Toby Mills. Their documentary work includes \"Guarding the Family Silver\", which screened in the National Geographic All Roads Film Festival and \"The Russians are Coming\", which played at the Sydney Opera House during the Message Sticks Indigenous Film Festival in 2012. She is also a regular writer for the Maori and Pacific online weekly newspaper \"e-tangata\". Moana (singer) Moana Maree Maniapoto MNZM (born 22 June 1961) is a New Zealand singer, songwriter and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7928459", "score": "1.2241715", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Moana (soundtrack)", "text": "\"You're Welcome\" peaked at number 83 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 for the week of December 17, 2016. The soundtrack also features Jemaine Clement, who voices the coconut crab Tamatoa. The album sold 509,000 copies in the United States by April 2017, making it the third soundtrack to surpass a half-million in sales that year after \"Suicide Squad\" and \"Trolls\". \"Moana\" sold 709,000 copies and earned 1,254,000 album-equivalents, finishing as the country's fifth best-selling album of the year and had its ninth largest overall album consumption. Pable Ruiz of Rotascopers said \"After the enormous success of \"Frozen\", with its Broadway-type", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19815286", "score": "1.208575", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Moana (singer)", "text": "in June 2009. Moana & the Tribe launched songs from their 5th album \"Rima\" in 2014 at Womad NZ, in a performance described in the \"NZ Herald\" as \"the most powerful, enjoyable and important act on the mainstage at this years Womad in Taranaki.\" In 2014, Moana and her band formed the Boomerang Collaboration with Scottish band Breabach, Shellie Morris, Casey Donovan and Djakapurra, playing concerts at Womad NZ, Sydney Opera House and HebCelt (Scotland). \"Rima\" was a finalist at the 2015 Vodafone NZ Music Awards and the song \"Upokohue\" was a finalist in the APRA Maioha Award. It won", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7928458", "score": "1.1750464", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Moana (singer)", "text": "Moana (singer) Moana Maree Maniapoto MNZM (born 22 June 1961) is a New Zealand singer, songwriter and documentary maker. Widely considered as one of New Zealand's most successful indigenous acts, her music is described as a fusion of traditional Māori haka, chants and taonga puoro, with contemporary soul, reggae and classical styles. In 2016, Moana was inducted into the New Zealand Music Hall of Fame. Maniapoto was born in Invercargill, New Zealand and attended St Joseph's Māori Girls' College in Napier. She is said to have paid her way through law school by singing covers in the highly competitive Auckland", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7928454", "score": "1.172227", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Mahara McKay", "text": "(Universal Music 2001) 2003: \"Moana II - My selection\" (Universal Music 2003) 2004: \"More Moana Dreams\" (TBA Music 2004) Written & composed/produced 2005: \"One Life,\" Sampler \"Café del Mar Vol. 12\" 2005: \"Feel Free,\" Sampler \"La Maison de l'Elephant Vol. 3\" 2005: \"Feel Free,\" Sampler \"Bolero Lifestyle Club\" 2006: \"Waterlove,\" \"SoundOasis List Vol. 1\" 2007: \"Soulsmooth,\" Sampler \"Café del Mar Vol. 14\" 2009: \"He's Looking At You\", \"Science Fiction Jazz Vol. 12\" 2010: \"Trust Me\", EVE of the \"Cardinal Summer Session CD\" 2010: \"Ko Tahi Te Oranga\", EVE of the \"Cardinal Summer Session CD\" 2010: \"Shake It\", EVE \"Cardinal Summer", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14551970", "score": "1.1560194", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Moana (singer)", "text": "club circuit. In 1987, Moana released \"Kua Makona\", as part of an effort to promote moderation to young Maori. The song was produced by Maui Dalvanius Prime and featured in the RIANZ Top 50 singles chart. Moana was briefly married to New Zealand politician and radio personality Willie Jackson, during which time she was known as Moana Maniapoto-Jackson; they divorced in 2001. In 2002, Moana formed the band Moana and the Tribe which consisted of a large group of musicians and performers with a passion for Maori culture. Since their formation, the band has performed hundreds of international concerts, cementing", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7928455", "score": "1.1503625", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Moana (soundtrack)", "text": "songs written by the married duo of Robert and Kristen Anderson-Lopez, Disney decided to repeat the formula\" [and use a Broadway star for the recording]. The Deluxe version includes demo songs and songs which were cut from the movie's theatric version. At the 74th Golden Globe Awards, \"How Far I'll Go\" was nominated for Best Original Song. It also received a nomination for Best Original Song at the 89th Academy Awards. Moana (soundtrack) Moana: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the soundtrack to the 2016 Disney animated film \"Moana\". The soundtrack was released by Walt Disney Records on November 19, 2016.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19815287", "score": "1.1477677", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Moana (singer)", "text": "a Life Time Recipient of the Toi Iho Māori Made Mark and received the 2005 Te Tohu Mahi Hou a Te Waka Toi Award from Te Waka Toi (Creative N.Z.), in recognition of her outstanding leadership and contribution to the development of new directions in Māori art. Moana received a Music Industry Award at the Maori Waiata 2008 Awards, also for her positive contribution to Māori Music. Moana released her fourth album \"Wha\" in May 2008. She toured in 2008 and 2009 Germany, Australia, Netherlands, Turkey, New Zealand and performed at the opening of the Biennale in Venice / Italy", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7928457", "score": "1.1464789", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Moana (soundtrack)", "text": "Lin-Manuel Miranda and Jordan Fisher sing a duet on \"You're Welcome\", which plays over the end credits. The song as performed by Dwayne Johnson appears in the film. Johnson's version of \"You're Welcome\" peaked at number 83 on the Billboard Hot 100 for the week of December 17, 2016. The soundtrack also features Jemaine Clement, who voices the coconut crab Tamatoa.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Dinah Jane", "text": "then-upcoming animated film \"Moana;\" the role eventually went to Auliʻi Cravalho. Fuse's website included Hansen on an article of the faces of future Asian and Pacific history, naming the most promising entertainers of the region in 2017. She was featured in RedOne's song \"Boom Boom\" along with Daddy Yankee and French Montana. She sang the Tongan national anthem \"Ko e fasi 'o e tu'i 'o e 'Otu Tonga\" on November 24, 2017 at the 2017 Rugby League World Cup semi-final game. Hansen released a Christmas medley with singer Leona Lewis. Hansen collaborated with Ty Dolla Sign and Marc E. Bassy", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19913999", "score": "1.1331005", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Moana (2016 film)", "text": "dubbing of the movie was announced, premiering in Auckland on September 11, with 30 theatres screening it for free as part of Māori Language Week. Rachel House, Jemaine Clement, Temuera Morrison, and Oscar Kightley reprised their respective roles in this version, directed by Rachel House herself. In November 2017, a Hawaiian-language dubbing was announced to be under way, with Auli'i Cravalho reprising her role as Moana. The movie premiered on June 10, 2018. On October 20, 2014, Walt Disney Pictures announced that it would be releasing the film in late 2016, and hinted that it might be the November 23,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18351212", "score": "1.120217", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Moana (2016 film)", "text": "Along with \"Zootopia\", it marked the first time since 2002 that Walt Disney Animation Studios released two feature films in the same year. It received two Academy Award nominations at the 89th Academy Awards: one for Best Animated Feature and another for Best Original Song (\"How Far I'll Go\"). On the Polynesian island of Motunui, the inhabitants worship the goddess Te Fiti, who brought life to the ocean, using a pounamu stone as her heart and the source of her power. Maui, the shapeshifting demigod and master of sailing, steals the heart to give humanity the power of creation. However,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18351190", "score": "1.11879", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Moana (singer)", "text": "their reputation as one of the most successful indigenous bands to emerge from New Zealand. Prior to 2002, Moana’s former band, Moana & the Moahunters released two albums, \"Tahi\" and \"Rua\". Their song \"Black Pearl\" reached no. 2 on the national charts in 1991, earning Moana her first gold. Moana won the grand prize at the 2003 International Songwriting Competition with her song \"Moko\". Moana has been described as ‘music of great depth and beauty’ (\"New Zealand Herald\", 2003). In the 2004 Queen's Birthday Honours List, Moana was appointed Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit. She is also", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7928456", "score": "1.1178027", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Teremoana Rapley", "text": "hop and pop trio Moana and the Moahunters. The group released two albums, \"Tahi\" and \"Rua\" and had chart success with many singles, including \"Black Pearl\", \"A.E.I.O.U.\" and \"Peace, Love & Family\". Teremoana's work with Moana and the Moahunters saw her awarded Most Promising Female Vocalist at the 1992 New Zealand Music Awards. In the 1990s Teremoana also provided guest vocals on tracks from other artists, including \"Sitting by the Telephone\" by Unitone Hi Fi, \"Body Rhymes (Protect Yourself)\" by MC OJ and Rhythm Slave, \"Horified One\" by Dam Native and \"In Summer\" by David Parker. In 1995 Teremoana turned", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17275148", "score": "1.1154848", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Moana and the Moahunters", "text": "which not only showed the increasing localization of rap in New Zealand, but was used to attempt to appeal to the Maori youth to encourage them to study their own culture and not simply blend into the growing global culture. The song was nominated for several awards in 1991 and again in 1995, after it was remixed. They released two full-length albums in the 1990s, after which they were invited to play international festivals such as the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival and the Womadelaide in Australia. Their second album was titled Rua and also combined pop, hip-hop and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10763030", "score": "1.1124082", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Nukukehe", "text": "the 2016 Walt Disney Pictures film \"Moana\". Tracks 4,7,8,9,10,11 were written by Opetaia Foa'i. All other tracks were written by Opetaia Foa'i and Malcolm Smith with the exception of the very beginning of track 14 which is a traditional song. Nukukehe was nominated for \"Best Roots Album\" in the New Zealand music awards. It was also nominated for Audience Choice and Asia Pacific category in the BBC 3 World music awards. Nukukehe Nukukehe, released in 2002, is the third album by the Oceanic group, Te Vaka. This album is dedicated to Greenpeace and all the other environmental groups around the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9172842", "score": "1.110516", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Elizabeth Wolfgramm", "text": "Later, alongside sister Moana, she wrote a few songs for the compilation \"Return with Honor: 1995 EFY (Especially for Youth)\" released by Embryo Records. That same year, she teamed up with Marie Osmond's husband, Record Producer Brian Blosil to record a solo album through Treble V, though the album was never released. She reunited with Moana in 1997 to record the song \"Do\" (also featuring younger sister Jennifer) featured in the \"Be a Builder\" songbook and companion CD (Vol. 3) \"Sticks & Stones\" for the Utah Prevention/Dimension (PK-12) Prevention Program. In 2002, she recorded the song \"Faithful\" featured on \"\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8540055", "score": "1.1085522", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "How Far I'll Go", "text": "Molloy from Thailand, Ayda Jebat from Malaysia and Trần Minh Như from Vietnam. Shortly thereafter, a 24-languages video was released on Disney's Vevo channel. In June 2017, a Māori-language version of the movie, featuring four voice-actors from the original English cast, was announced. Three weeks later, New Zealander Jaedyn Randell was introduced as Moana's singing voice. The movie was released in September 2017. In the same year, Shruti Rane (Hindi) reprised her role in the Bengali-language version of the movie. In November 2017, a Hawaiian-language dubbing was announced to be under way, with Auliʻi Cravalho reprising her role as Moana.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19820577", "score": "1.0883175", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Auliʻi Cravalho", "text": "15, 2018 due to low ratings. In November 2017, Cravalho announced she was going to reprise her role as Moana in the first ever Hawaiian-language dubbed Disney movie. The dubbed \"Moana\" premiered on June 10, 2018. Auliʻi Cravalho Aulii Cravalho (; born November 22, 2000) is an American actress, singer and musician who made her acting debut as the title character in the 2016 film \"Moana\". In 2018, Cravalho made her television debut starring as Lilette Suarez in the NBC drama series \"Rise\". Cravalho was born in Kohala, Hawaii. She is of Native Hawaiian, Puerto Rican, Irish, Portuguese and Chinese", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19485546", "score": "1.0816128", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Moana (2016 film)", "text": "changed drastically during the development phase (which happens with most Disney films), and that idea ultimately survived only as a subtle element of the father's backstory. Aaron and Jordan Kandell joined the project during a critical period to help deepen the emotional story architecture of the film. They are credited with developing the core relationship between Moana and Maui, the prologue, the Cave of the Wayfinders, the Kakamora, and the collector crab Tamatoa (played by Jemaine Clement). Jared Bush received sole credit as the writer of the final version of the screenplay. Like most Disney and Pixar animated films, several", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18351204", "score": "1.0787528", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Moana (2016 film)", "text": "to \"\". After the filmmakers sat through auditions of hundreds of candidates from across the Pacific, 14-year-old high school freshman Auliʻi Cravalho was cast as the lead character Moana. At that point in time, the design of Moana's face and personality was already complete, and Cravalho's obvious physical resemblance to her character was simply a coincidence. During animation production, Disney animators were able to integrate some of Cravalho's mannerisms into Moana's behavior as depicted onscreen. The majority of the film's cast members are of Polynesian descent: Auliʻi Cravalho (Moana) and Nicole Scherzinger (Sina, Moana's mother) were born in Hawaii and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18351206", "score": "1.0767773", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Moana and the Moahunters", "text": "Moana and the Moahunters Moana and the Moahunters (and successor group Moana and the Tribe), was a New Zealand Māori hip-hop and roots group. led by singer Moana that actively promoted Māori culture, traditions and history through their music. Moana's first release was a 1991 12\" single, \"AEIOU(Akona Te Reo)”, which translates as “Learn the Language”. The song was a plea for the Maori youth to work actively to preserve their culture, learn about their history and keep traditions alive by learning the language. The song combined rap, which had recently become popular in New Zealand, with traditional Maori songs,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10763029", "score": "1.0754188", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Moana (2016 film)", "text": "with the title \"Oceania\". Media outlets speculated that the name change was to avoid confusion with Italian pornographic actress Moana Pozzi, and Disney Italy's head of theatrical marketing, Davide Romani, acknowledged they were \"thinking about the issue\" at a meeting of Italian exhibitors in 2015. Following the success brought by international productions of Disney's \"Frozen\", which led to the release of a complete set album which included all the official versions of \"Let It Go\" released at the time, Disney decided to produce a special Tahitian dubbing for the movie. On October 25, 2016, at a press conference in Papeete,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18351210", "score": "1.0716033", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Moana Pozzi", "text": "Placido in the title role. In 2010, her former manager Riccardo Schicchi produced and directed \"I Segreti di Moana\" (\"The Secrets of Moana\"), in which the title role was played by Vittoria Risi. Moana Pozzi Anna Moana Rosa Pozzi (; 27 April 1961 – 15 September 1994), also known mononymously as Moana, was an Italian pornographic actress, television personality, and politician. Pozzi was born in Genoa, Liguria, Italy, the daughter of Alfredo Pozzi, a nuclear engineer, and Rosanna, a housewife. Her name, Moana, is a Hawaiian name meaning \"ocean.\" In her youth, Pozzi lived for periods of time in Canada", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "816634", "score": "1.0636135", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Moana and the Moahunters", "text": "\"Toru\" (three in Maori). and later \"Wha\" (four in Maori). Moana and the Moahunters Moana and the Moahunters (and successor group Moana and the Tribe), was a New Zealand Māori hip-hop and roots group. led by singer Moana that actively promoted Māori culture, traditions and history through their music. Moana's first release was a 1991 12\" single, \"AEIOU(Akona Te Reo)”, which translates as “Learn the Language”. The song was a plea for the Maori youth to work actively to preserve their culture, learn about their history and keep traditions alive by learning the language. The song combined rap, which had", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10763036", "score": "1.0624592", "original_retrieval_index": 34 }, { "title": "Moana (soundtrack)", "text": "and percussion, woodwinds made from bamboo from the South Pacific, and traditional hide-covered Tyka drums. According to Miranda, \"Shiny\" was inspired by the Flight of the Conchords' tribute to David Bowie at the Aspen Comedy Festival in 2004, as well as listening to Bowie's songs on a loop shortly after the singer's death in January 2016. \"How Far I'll Go\" appears during the film performed by actress Auliʻi Cravalho, and during the end credits performed by Canadian singer-songwriter Alessia Cara. A music video for Cara's version of the song was released on November 3, 2016. It reached number 88 on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19815284", "score": "1.0606142", "original_retrieval_index": 35 }, { "title": "Moana and the Moahunters", "text": "single; Moana retired the group after performing at the 1998 Vancouver Folk Festival. Moana and the Moahunters from New Zealand combined rap, soul, and reggae with traditional Maori chants, haka (Maori posture dance) and musical instruments (taonga puoro). This group has won a New Zealand industry award for best Maori rap song “Learn the Language.” This group had a unique style by innovating hip hop genre by adding their Maori language, which comes from Polynesia. Moana Maniapoto who has led the group, has been described as the diva of the Maori music. Moana and her group have impacted a large", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10763032", "score": "1.0604193", "original_retrieval_index": 36 }, { "title": "Ron Clements", "text": "a new film in the future, but they have their lips sealed for the title, the plot, and the animation style. In July 2013, it was revealed that the film, titled \"Moana\", would be \"a Polynesian tale involving the island folk and the idols made famous the world over\". On November 10, 2014, Disney confirmed \"Moana\" would be released on November 23, 2016. Bishop Heelan Catholic High School, Sioux City, IowaArt Center College of Design Pasadena, California John Musker and Ron Clements have cast certain actors in more than one of their films. Ron Clements Ron Clements (born April 25,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7307277", "score": "1.0507702", "original_retrieval_index": 39 }, { "title": "Cheryl Moana Marie Nunes", "text": "Raiderette. She sang the Star Spangled Banner, for the Los Angeles Lakers, Ice Dogs Hockey League, Los Angeles Dodgers, NHRA and the Toyota Grand Prix of Long Beach. She also recorded the theme song for Hawaiian Tropic, \"Come With Me\". She was asked to record for Sony International - John Kalodner, J Records - Clive Davis, G funk Camp and Virgin Records, which led to Cheryl becoming one of Luis Miguel's back-up singers touring the US as well as Mexico, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic among other countries. She was an on-air presenter for the STARZ movie channel conducting interviews with,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8046974", "score": "1.0493083", "original_retrieval_index": 40 } ]

[ "Guy Boucher" ]

[ { "title": "Dave Cameron (ice hockey)", "text": "Dave Cameron (ice hockey) David William Cameron (born July 29, 1958) is a Canadian professional ice hockey coach and former professional player. He most recently was an assistant coach with the Calgary Flames of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was the head coach of the Ottawa Senators of the National Hockey League (NHL) from December 2014 until the conclusion of the 2015–16 season. Cameron also played in the NHL as a forward with the Colorado Rockies and New Jersey Devils between 1981–1984. Cameron has been involved in coaching in ice hockey since the mid 1990s. From 1995–1997, he was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7668432", "score": "1.1815788", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "André Tourigny", "text": "André Tourigny André Tourigny (born 1974) is a Canadian ice hockey coach. He is the former Assistant Coach of the Ottawa Senators. He is also the former Assistant Coach of the Colorado Avalanche, and the current head coach of the Ottawa 67's of the Ontario Hockey League. From 2002 – 2013 Tourigny served as the head coach and general manager for the Rouyn-Noranda Huskies of the QMJHL. Tourigny served as an assistant coach for Canadian Junior National Ice Hockey Team at the 2010, 2010, and 2010 IIHF World U20 Championship, helping Team Canada to capture a silver medal in both", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17894329", "score": "1.131247", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Dave Allison", "text": "Dave Allison David Bryan Allison (born April 14, 1959) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman. He played in three games with the Montreal Canadiens of the National Hockey League (NHL) during the 1983–84 season and is perhaps best known for a brief stint as head coach of the NHL's Ottawa Senators during the 1995–1996 season. He was the head coach of the USHL's Des Moines Buccaneers from 2014 to 2018. Born in Fort Frances, Ontario, Allison spent his junior hockey career with the Cornwall Royals of the QMJHL, appearing in 189 games from 1976–79, and registering 89 points", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8403163", "score": "1.1280738", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Craig Hartsburg", "text": "World Junior Team. He received a gold medal in the 2007 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships, when Team Canada beat Russia 4–2. He was also the coach for Team Canada in the 2008 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships when Canada again won gold by beating Sweden 3–2 in overtime. On June 13, 2008, he signed a three-year contract and was named head coach of the Ottawa Senators, replacing general manager Bryan Murray who had assumed interim coaching duties when John Paddock was fired on February 27, 2008. On February 1, 2009, Hartsburg was fired by the Senators, having compiled a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7068378", "score": "1.1172171", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Cory Clouston", "text": "2017. Cory Clouston Cory Clouston (; born September 19, 1969) is an ice hockey coach, who most recently served as head coach of the Kölner Haie of the DEL. He has previously served as head coach of the Ottawa Senators of the National Hockey League (NHL), the Binghamton Senators of the American Hockey League (AHL), the Prince Albert Raiders, the Brandon Wheat Kings and the Kootenay Ice of the Western Hockey League. Born in Viking, Alberta, Clouston attended the University of Alberta from 1989–1993 where he earned a bachelor's degree in recreation administration. He played hockey for the University's Golden", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12987662", "score": "1.1141269", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Alex Currie", "text": "Alex Currie Alexander John Currie (December 12, 1891 – October 18, 1951), was head coach of the original Ottawa Senators for the 1925–26 NHL season. As a player for the Senators, he won the Stanley Cup in the 1910–11 NHA season. Born in Ottawa, Currie graduated to senior hockey with the Ottawa Primroses of the Ottawa City Hockey League in 1907, joining the Ottawa Emmetts in 1908. Currie joined the professional Haileybury Comets for their season in the National Hockey Association in 1909–10, before returning to Ottawa to play for the Senators in their 1910–11 Stanley Cup championship season. He", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8484961", "score": "1.1127851", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Shean Donovan", "text": "claimed that he was missing his family, his home in Ottawa and decided to retire from professional hockey. Donovan is currently a development coach with the Senators, along with Chris Kelly. Shean Donovan Shean Patrick Donovan (born January 22, 1975) is a Canadian professional ice hockey coach and former player. Donovan played in 951 games with seven National Hockey League (NHL) clubs during a career that stretched from 1994 to 2010. He currently serves as a development coach with the NHL's Ottawa Senators. A winger with great skating ability, Donovan was drafted by the San Jose Sharks 27th overall in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4036379", "score": "1.0958669", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Cory Clouston", "text": "Cory Clouston Cory Clouston (; born September 19, 1969) is an ice hockey coach, who most recently served as head coach of the Kölner Haie of the DEL. He has previously served as head coach of the Ottawa Senators of the National Hockey League (NHL), the Binghamton Senators of the American Hockey League (AHL), the Prince Albert Raiders, the Brandon Wheat Kings and the Kootenay Ice of the Western Hockey League. Born in Viking, Alberta, Clouston attended the University of Alberta from 1989–1993 where he earned a bachelor's degree in recreation administration. He played hockey for the University's Golden Bears", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12987655", "score": "1.0870441", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Alain Vigneault", "text": "he played junior hockey for. He coached the Olympiques to personal QMJHL regular season bests in 1987–88 with a 43–23–4 record and a playoff championship. In the 1992–93 season, Vigneault got his first break in the National Hockey League (NHL) as an assistant coach with the expansion Ottawa Senators. After three-and-a-half years in that position, the Senators' assistant coaches were dismissed during the 1995–96 season and Vigneault returned to the QMJHL to coach the Beauport Harfangs. He led the team to his second QMJHL Finals appearance, where they were defeated by the Granby Prédateurs. After a full season with the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5441753", "score": "1.0843892", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Guy Boucher", "text": "Guy Boucher (born August 3, 1971) is a Canadian professional ice hockey coach. Boucher is the current head coach of the Ottawa Senators of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was the head coach of the Tampa Bay Lightning from 2010–2013 and SC Bern from 2014–15. He previously coached in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League. He has coached various Canadian international teams.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "2011–12 Ottawa Senators season", "text": "Senators), Dave Cameron (coach of the Mississauga St. Michael's Majors), Craig MacTavish (former coach of the Edmonton Oilers), Paul MacLean (assistant coach of the Detroit Red Wings) and Kirk Muller (assistant coach of the Montreal Canadiens). On June 14, 2011, the Senators announced the signing of Paul MacLean to a three-year contract as the new head coach. On June 23, 2011, Dave Cameron and Mark Reeds were hired as his assistant coaches. Reeds was the head coach of the Owen Sound Attack from the Ontario Hockey League (OHL). The Senators unveiled a new third jersey on October 1, 2011. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15395898", "score": "1.0798275", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "2010–11 Ottawa Senators season", "text": "former goaltender Rick Wamsley as goaltending coach on July 27. His most recent job was interim head coach of the St. Louis Blues' American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate, the Peoria Rivermen. He had at one time been Pascal Leclaire's goaltending coach with the Columbus Blue Jackets. On August 5, the Senators re-signed Binghamton defenceman Geoff Kinrade to a one-year, two-way contract as well as signing forward and local prospect Corey Cowick to an entry-level contract. Cowick was an assistant captain with Ottawa's Ontario Hockey League (OHL) team, the Ottawa 67's, and was the Senators' sixth-round pick at the 2009 Draft.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14503291", "score": "1.0753131", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Tom Coolen", "text": "Liiga. From 2012-2015, he served as an assistant coach for the Latvian national team. From 2014-2015, he was also an assistant coach for the Buffalo Sabres under head coach Ted Nolan. Tom Coolen Tom Coolen (born November 20, 1953 in Halifax, Nova Scotia) is a Canadian professional ice hockey coach. He is currently the head coach of GKS Katowice in the Polska Hokej Liga, and an assistant coach for the Polish men's national team. He began his coaching career at the Canadian university level, first as an assistant coach for the UNB Varsity Reds and later as head coach for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17554217", "score": "1.074431", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Matt Carkner", "text": "as an assistant coach to the Bridgeport Sound Tigers. Before signing his first one-way deal with the Senators, Carkner resided in Westport, Ontario (just under 2 hours from Ottawa) with his wife Kary, and their two children. Carkner is a third cousin of former NHL defenceman Terry Carkner. His father Dennis owns and operates D's Collision Centre in Winchester, Ontario. Matt Carkner Matthew \"Matt\" Carkner (born November 3, 1980) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman. He was drafted by the Montreal Canadiens 58th overall in the 1999 NHL Entry Draft and played in the National Hockey League (NHL)", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8345860", "score": "1.0743445", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "André Tourigny", "text": "with the Halifax Mooseheads. He was the 9th head coach in franchise history. On June 13, 2017, Tourigny left the Halifax Mooseheads after one season, and joined the Ottawa 67's of the Ontario Hockey League to become the Head coach and VP of Hockey operations. he becomes the 9th Head coach in the 67's 50-year history. André Tourigny André Tourigny (born 1974) is a Canadian ice hockey coach. He is the former Assistant Coach of the Ottawa Senators. He is also the former Assistant Coach of the Colorado Avalanche, and the current head coach of the Ottawa 67's of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17894331", "score": "1.0736277", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Shean Donovan", "text": "Shean Donovan Shean Patrick Donovan (born January 22, 1975) is a Canadian professional ice hockey coach and former player. Donovan played in 951 games with seven National Hockey League (NHL) clubs during a career that stretched from 1994 to 2010. He currently serves as a development coach with the NHL's Ottawa Senators. A winger with great skating ability, Donovan was drafted by the San Jose Sharks 27th overall in the 1993 NHL Entry Draft and played his first full season in 1995–96. He spent four seasons with the Sharks before being traded to the Colorado Avalanche where he spent three", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4036375", "score": "1.0734254", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Tom Pyatt", "text": "Tom Pyatt Thomas Cullum Pyatt (born February 14, 1987) is a Canadian professional ice hockey centre currently playing with the Ottawa Senators of the National Hockey League (NHL). He is the son of former NHL player Nelson Pyatt and brother of retired hockey player Taylor Pyatt. He has previously played in the National League A with the Genève-Servette HC, and in the NHL with the Montreal Canadiens and Tampa Bay Lightning. Pyatt grew up playing for the Thunder Bay Kings AAA program in his hometown of Thunder Bay, Ontario, with New York Rangers defenceman Marc Staal. He began his major", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7087687", "score": "1.0717282", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Nick Polano", "text": "August 2002, Polano joined the Ottawa Senators as part-time professional scout. Nick Polano Nick Polano (born March 25, 1941 in Sudbury, Ontario) is a Canadian ice hockey scout and a former player and coach. Polano was the Detroit Red Wings' head coach when owner Mike Ilitch first bought the team in 1982, and later served as the team's assistant general manager. As head coach, his overall record in the NHL was 79-127-34. Polano never played in the National Hockey League, but he did play 15 seasons in the American Hockey League (AHL), plus 17 games in the World Hockey Association", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6572981", "score": "1.0711367", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Kurt Kleinendorst", "text": "the Development Program is one of the best programs anywhere and I’m intrigued by working with this age group.\" Kleinendorst had previously served as Team USA's assistant coach during the 2008 IIHF World Championship. On August 6, 2010, the Ottawa Senators signed Kleinendorst to a two-year contract as head coach for their American Hockey League affiliate Binghamton Senators. Kleinendorst replaced Don Nachbaur, who resigned as head coach following the 2009–10 season. He led the team to the Calder Cup in 2011. He left the Senators' organization at the end of the contract in 2012. On September 25, 2012, Kleinendorst was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8540596", "score": "1.0689477", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Ottawa Jr. Senators", "text": "and winners to finals. Ottawa Jr. Senators The Ottawa Jr. Senators are a junior-age men's ice hockey team from Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Their home arena is the Jim Durrell Recreation Centre in south Ottawa. The club is in the Robinson Division of the Central Canada Hockey League, a Junior \"A\" league. The team is not affiliated with the NHL Ottawa Senators. The Senators joined the Central Junior A Hockey League in 1979. In 1992, the Ottawa Senators changed their name to the Ottawa Jr. Senators because of the NHL team Ottawa Senators. Ottawa won their first Art Bogart Cup in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7344648", "score": "1.0685487", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Daniel Laperrière", "text": "Daniel Laperrière Daniel Jacques \"Dan\" Laperrière (born March 28, 1969) is a Canadian ice hockey coach and former professional ice hockey player. Laperriere played 48 games in the National Hockey League. He played with the St. Louis Blues and the Ottawa Senators. He graduated from St. Lawrence University where he played for the Skating Saints, earning Hobey Baker Award nomination in 1992. He is the son of NHL Hall of Famer Jacques Laperrière. He is currently a pro scout for the Colorado Avalanche. Laperrière was drafted 93rd overall by St. Louis in the 1989 NHL Entry Draft, and went on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10299412", "score": "1.0668595", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Curtis Hunt", "text": "coach with the Grand Rapids Griffins. He then moved to the WHL, serving as head coach for the Moose Jaw Warriors and Regina Pats. After the 2003–04 season with the Warriors, Hunt was the runner-up for WHL Coach of the Year. Hunt made the jump to the National Hockey League coaching ranks, serving as an assistant coach for the Ottawa Senators during the 2008–09 season. After head coach Craig Hartsburg was fired, Hunt was demoted to coach the Binghamton Senators of the AHL. Hunt rejoined the Pats starting with the 2009–10 season. Hunt has coached internationally for Canada at the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14969333", "score": "1.0614972", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Marc Crawford", "text": "Marc Crawford Marc Joseph John Crawford (born February 13, 1961) is a Canadian professional ice hockey coach, currently working as an associate coach for the Ottawa Senators. He previously won the Stanley Cup in 1996 while coaching the Colorado Avalanche. He is also a former professional ice hockey forward who played for the Vancouver Canucks. Marc Crawford was born on February 13, 1961. During his teenage years, Crawford attended Nicholson Catholic College in Belleville, Ontario. Marc is the brother of NHL hockey players Bob Crawford and Lou Crawford. Crawford played three seasons of major junior in the Quebec Major Junior", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2778654", "score": "1.0599105", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Ottawa Jr. Senators", "text": "Ottawa Jr. Senators The Ottawa Jr. Senators are a junior-age men's ice hockey team from Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Their home arena is the Jim Durrell Recreation Centre in south Ottawa. The club is in the Robinson Division of the Central Canada Hockey League, a Junior \"A\" league. The team is not affiliated with the NHL Ottawa Senators. The Senators joined the Central Junior A Hockey League in 1979. In 1992, the Ottawa Senators changed their name to the Ottawa Jr. Senators because of the NHL team Ottawa Senators. Ottawa won their first Art Bogart Cup in 1983 over Pembroke. Ten", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7344642", "score": "1.0598032", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Cody Ceci", "text": "Cody Ceci Cody Ceci (born December 21, 1993) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player with the Ottawa Senators of the National Hockey League (NHL). After playing junior-age ice hockey with the Ottawa 67's, Ceci was selected 15th overall in the 2012 NHL Entry Draft by the Senators. He made his NHL debut in the 2013–14 season after playing for the Senators' American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate Binghamton Senators. Born and raised in Ottawa, Ceci is the son of retired Canadian Football League receiver and 1984 Vanier Cup MVP Parri Ceci. He has a younger brother, Cole, who is currently", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16602145", "score": "1.057692", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Luke Richardson", "text": "round, losing to the Pittsburgh Penguins in 6 games, and falling one game short to the New York Rangers. After three seasons as an assistant coach in Ottawa, Richardson joined the Binghamton Senators, Ottawa's top minor league affiliate, as head coach. During his rookie season as head coach, Richardson led an inexperienced Binghamton team to a 44–24–1–7 record, finishing fourth in the AHL's Eastern Conference. He was named coach of the AHL Eastern Conference all-star team in 2012–13 after guiding the Senators to the conference's best record at the all-star break. The Senators' organization subsequently rewarded Richardson with a contract", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6606768", "score": "1.0575731", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Shawn McEachern", "text": "the Ottawa Senators. He won a Stanley Cup championship in 1992 with the Pittsburgh Penguins. On August 27, 2006, he announced his retirement. Before entering the NHL, McEachern was a standout ice hockey player at Boston University and at Matignon High School in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He has previously served as an assistant hockey coach at University of Massachusetts Lowell, as well as Northeastern University and Salem State University. He is also the coach for the East Coast Wizards U16 team in Bedford, Massachusetts He currently resides in Marblehead, Massachusetts. Shawn McEachern Shawn Kenneth McEachern (born February 28, 1969) is an", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5703968", "score": "1.0572286", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "John Paddock", "text": "years as a scout with the New York Rangers, Paddock would return to head coaching in 1999, primarily in the AHL. He was head coach of the Hartford Wolf Pack from 1999–2002, winning his third AHL Championship as a coach in the 1999–2000 season. Paddock joined the Ottawa Senators organization in 2002 as coach of their AHL affiliate, the Binghamton Senators, from 2002–2005. In 2002, he was promoted to the assistant coach of the Ottawa Senators. When Ottawa head coach Bryan Murray was promoted to general manager in July 2007 following the team's Stanley Cup Finals appearance, Paddock became head", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8261303", "score": "1.0557835", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Mike Fisher (ice hockey)", "text": "Mike Fisher (ice hockey) Michael Andrew Fisher (born June 5, 1980) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre who played for the Ottawa Senators and Nashville Predators in the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted by the Senators in the second round, 44th overall, in the 1998 NHL Entry Draft. Fisher grew up playing hockey in the Peterborough Minor Hockey Association (OMHA) with the rep Minor Petes program. He was drafted from Jr. A Peterborough Petes (OHA) by the Sudbury Wolves in the second round, 22nd overall, in the 1997 OHL Priority Draft. After putting up 49 points", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5779309", "score": "1.0543797", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "John Perpich", "text": "the Winnipeg Jets. In 2014 Perpich left the Jets to take the a scouting position with the Ottawa Senators, a position he holds as of 2016. John Perpich John Perpich is an NHL scout for the Ottawa Senators. He served as an assistant coach at the NHL level as well as being a head coach in both the IHL and NCAA. In 2014 he was hired by Ottawa as a scout. Hailing from Hibbing, Minnesota Perpich was recruited to play for the home state Golden Gophers under Glen Sonmor. Perpich played sparingly in his first two seasons but soon found", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19619548", "score": "1.0531967", "original_retrieval_index": 29 } ]

[ "High Hampton Inn in Cashiers", "Hendersonville, North Carolina", "western North Carolina" ]

[ { "title": "Dirty Dancing (2017 film)", "text": "Frances is married and has a daughter. Frances takes a weekly dance lesson; she and Johnny encourage each other to continue dancing. In January 2011, Lionsgate announced that Kenny Ortega, the choreographer of the 1987 film \"Dirty Dancing\", would direct its remake; however, the project was shelved the following year. In December 2015, ABC and Lionsgate Television announced a three-hour remake of the movie which will not be live and would be in the same vein as \"\", a remake of the 1975 film of the same name. The remake was directed by Wayne Blair and the screenplay was written", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19390567", "score": "1.2212887", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing", "text": "titled \"\", the TV show was filmed at the Mountain Lake resort. In the UK, to mark the 20th anniversary of the film, Channel Five broadcast a special documentary called \"Seriously Dirty Dancing\". It was presented by Dawn Porter, an investigative journalist and a self-confessed \"Dirty Dancing\" addict. The documentary was very successful, being Channel Five's highest rated documentary of 2007. Porter visited the set of the film, met other \"Dirty Dancing\" fanatics, and learned the last dance, which she performed at the end of the documentary in front of family and friends. In August 2011, Lionsgate, who owns the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3186480", "score": "1.2045224", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing (2017 film)", "text": "Dirty Dancing (2017 film) Dirty Dancing is a 2017 American television film directed by Wayne Blair and written by Jessica Sharzer. It is a remake of the 1987 film of the same name. The film stars Abigail Breslin, Colt Prattes, Debra Messing, Bruce Greenwood, Sarah Hyland, Nicole Scherzinger and Tony Roberts. It aired on May 24, 2017, on ABC. In its original broadcast, the film was seen by 6.61 million viewers with a 1.4 Nielsen rating in the 18-49 age demographic and a 5 share. It received negative reviews from a majority of critics, although Scherzinger's performance received praise. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19390565", "score": "1.1983949", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing (2017 film)", "text": "many levels. Going into the TV movie remake of Dirty Dancing with a clear and open mind, I figured that if at least the dancing was good, then there was something to enjoy. However, the updated version doesn't even meet the lowest of expectations and blows past mediocre to land at downright terrible. The film is slow and dull, the lead actors have absolutely no chemistry, and the musical aspect doesn't add anything to the film.\" Sonia Saraiya of \"Variety\" stated in her negative review: \"An ill-conceived remake of the 1987 film retains none of the passion, skill, or fun", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19390572", "score": "1.1967206", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing", "text": "hell. The production company was changed to Vestron Pictures with Emile Ardolino as director and Linda Gottlieb as producer. Filming took place in Lake Lure, North Carolina and Mountain Lake, Virginia, with the the film's score composed by John Morris and dance choreography by Kenny Ortega. \"Dirty Dancing\" premiered at the 1987 Cannes Film Festival on May 12, 1987 and was released on August 21, 1987 in the United States, earning over $214 million worldwide. It was the first film to sell more than a million copies for home video, and its soundtrack created by Jimmy Ienner generating two multi-platinum", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3186432", "score": "1.1917833", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing", "text": "a \"recreation\" by the two main characters of the \"lift\" scene. In the first episode of the TV series \"New Girl\", the female lead Jess watches the film repeatedly after her break up. Jess continues to repeatedly watch the film after various break-ups throughout the series. Since 2009, there has been a Dirty Dancing Festival in Lake Lure, North Carolina. The film was adapted for the stage in 2004 as a musical, \"Dirty Dancing: The Classic Story on Stage\". Produced by Jacobsen Entertainment in Australia for $6.5 million, it was written by Eleanor Bergstein and had the same songs as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3186474", "score": "1.1545572", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing", "text": "Dirty Dancing Dirty Dancing is a 1987 American romantic drama dance film written by Eleanor Bergstein and directed by Emile Ardolino. It stars Jennifer Grey as Frances \"Baby\" Houseman, a young woman who falls in love with dance instructor Johnny Castle (Patrick Swayze) at her family's resort. The film was based on screenwriter Eleanor Bergstein's own childhood. She originally wrote a screenplay for the Michael Douglas film \"It's My Turn\", but ultimately ended up conceiving a story for a film which became \"Dirty Dancing\". She finished the script in 1985, but management changes at MGM put the film in development", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3186431", "score": "1.1459514", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing: Havana Nights", "text": "Dirty Dancing: Havana Nights Dirty Dancing: Havana Nights (also known as Dirty Dancing 2 or Dirty Dancing 2: Havana Nights) is a 2004 American dance musical romantic drama film directed by Guy Ferland. The film is a prequel/\"re-imagining\" of the 1987 blockbuster \"Dirty Dancing\", reusing the same basic plot, but transplanting it from upstate New York to Cuba on the cusp of the Cuban Revolution.The movie was filmed in Old San Juan, Puerto Rico. In 1958, Katey Miller (Romola Garai), her parents (Sela Ward and John Slattery), and her younger sister Susie (Mika Boorem) arrive in Cuba during the Cuban", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4411106", "score": "1.1407442", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing (1988 TV series)", "text": "Dirty Dancing (1988 TV series) Dirty Dancing was an American Comedy-drama television series that ran for 11 episodes on CBS from October 29, 1988, until January 21, 1989. It was based on the film \"Dirty Dancing\" but had none of the original cast or crew. It starred Patrick Cassidy as Johnny (Patrick Swayze's character in the film) and Melora Hardin as Baby (Jennifer Grey's character in the film). The television series followed the same basic premise of the film, with a few variations. The series was still set at Kellerman's during the summer of 1963, but instead of being the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11149993", "score": "1.1327599", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing (2017 film)", "text": "Filming was based in Hendersonville, North Carolina. Most of the filming locations were across western North Carolina including Asheville, Cashiers and Saluda, with filming taking place in April and May 2016. People living in the Hendersonville area served as crew members, extras and dancers, and they were invited to provide cars from the 1960s. Much of the filming took place at High Hampton Inn in Cashiers. It created an estimated 1,225 jobs, including 900 extras, 30 cast members and 225 crew positions to support the project.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing (1988 TV series)", "text": "series progressed, their feelings grew. Dirty Dancing (1988 TV series) Dirty Dancing was an American Comedy-drama television series that ran for 11 episodes on CBS from October 29, 1988, until January 21, 1989. It was based on the film \"Dirty Dancing\" but had none of the original cast or crew. It starred Patrick Cassidy as Johnny (Patrick Swayze's character in the film) and Melora Hardin as Baby (Jennifer Grey's character in the film). The television series followed the same basic premise of the film, with a few variations. The series was still set at Kellerman's during the summer of 1963,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11149995", "score": "1.1204991", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing (2017 film)", "text": "of the original.\" \"Dirty Dancing\" averaged a 1.3 rating in adults 18-49 and 6.6 million viewers, airing from 8 p.m. to 11 p.m. The remake gave ABC its most-watched Wednesday in nearly seven months, but was also considered to be a disappointment in the ratings and lost the evening to the CBS season finale of Survivor. Dirty Dancing (2017 film) Dirty Dancing is a 2017 American television film directed by Wayne Blair and written by Jessica Sharzer. It is a remake of the 1987 film of the same name. The film stars Abigail Breslin, Colt Prattes, Debra Messing, Bruce Greenwood,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19390573", "score": "1.1142955", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing", "text": "Abigail Breslin, Colt Prattes, Debra Messing, Sarah Hyland, Nicole Scherzinger, Billy Dee Williams & Shane Harper. It aired on May 24, 2017. It received negative reviews from a majority of critics. Dirty Dancing Dirty Dancing is a 1987 American romantic drama dance film written by Eleanor Bergstein and directed by Emile Ardolino. It stars Jennifer Grey as Frances \"Baby\" Houseman, a young woman who falls in love with dance instructor Johnny Castle (Patrick Swayze) at her family's resort. The film was based on screenwriter Eleanor Bergstein's own childhood. She originally wrote a screenplay for the Michael Douglas film \"It's My", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3186482", "score": "1.114001", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing", "text": "through dance, when her family relocates to Havana, Cuba just before the 1959 Cuban Revolution. Swayze was paid $5 million to appear in a cameo role as a dance teacher —considerably more than the $200,000 he earned for the first film. For the 20th anniversary in 2007, the film was re-released in theatres with additional footage, while the original film version was re-released on DVD with deleted scenes, and included writer commentary. At the same time, Codemasters released \"Dirty Dancing: The Video Game\". In the United Kingdom, the anniversary was marked by a reality TV show based on the film;", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3186479", "score": "1.1137415", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing: Havana Nights", "text": "more than a C, stating that \"both the dance numbers and the personal drama are largely listless.\" Dirty Dancing: Havana Nights Dirty Dancing: Havana Nights (also known as Dirty Dancing 2 or Dirty Dancing 2: Havana Nights) is a 2004 American dance musical romantic drama film directed by Guy Ferland. The film is a prequel/\"re-imagining\" of the 1987 blockbuster \"Dirty Dancing\", reusing the same basic plot, but transplanting it from upstate New York to Cuba on the cusp of the Cuban Revolution.The movie was filmed in Old San Juan, Puerto Rico. In 1958, Katey Miller (Romola Garai), her parents (Sela", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4411120", "score": "1.1019862", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Emma Slater", "text": "Africa. While in South Africa Slater appeared on Dancing with the South African Stars with her celebrity partner TV Host Dalen Lance. Following Simply Ballroom, Slater had an extended run in London's West End with theatre shows; Dirty Dancing at the Aldwych Theatre where she was the Principal Latin Dancer/Ballroom Supervisor, but also understudied and played the principal role of Lisa Houseman, ‘Cheek to Cheek’ at The Coliseum and ‘Latin Fever’ at the Peacock Theatre. In 2009 Slater joined the stage show Burn the Floor for the China tour initially but later joined the cast for an extended run at", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17561820", "score": "1.0950315", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing", "text": "at a time when the average cost for a film was $12 million. For choreographer, Bergstein chose Kenny Ortega, who had been trained by Gene Kelly. For a location, they did not find anything suitable in the Catskills (as many of the resorts had been shut down at that point), so they decided on a combination of two locations: Lake Lure, North Carolina and the Mountain Lake Hotel near Pembroke, Virginia, and with careful editing made it look like all shooting was done in the same area. Director Ardolino was adamant that they choose dancers who could also act, as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3186443", "score": "1.0901785", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Kenny Ortega", "text": "in 2011 due to budgetary and casting issues. On August 9, 2011, it was announced that Ortega will direct a remake of \"Dirty Dancing\", a project that was later postponed. On May 12, 2014, Ortega guest-judged on the 18th season of Dancing with the Stars during the . Kenny Ortega Kenneth John Ortega (born April 18, 1950) is an American producer, director and choreographer. He directed the films \"Newsies\" (1992), \"Hocus Pocus\" (1993), the \"High School Musical\" trilogy (2006–2008), \"Michael Jackson's This Is It\" (2009) and the \"Descendants\" trilogy (2015–2019). Ortega has choreographed films including \"St. Elmo's Fire\" (1985), \"Pretty", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6978705", "score": "1.0818187", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing (soundtrack)", "text": "2007, RCA Records released a 20th anniversary edition of the soundtrack, containing remastered versions of the original album's songs (in a different track listing) plus additional tracks, as well as a DVD featuring promotional videos and photo material. Disc one (CD) Disc two (DVD) Dirty Dancing (soundtrack) Dirty Dancing is the original soundtrack of the 1987 film \"Dirty Dancing\". The album became a huge commercial success. It went on to sell 32 million copies worldwide and is one of the best-selling albums of all time. In the United States the album spent 18 weeks at #1 on the \"Billboard\" 200", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9230724", "score": "1.0779686", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing: The Time of Your Life", "text": "Dirty Dancing: The Time of Your Life Dirty Dancing: The Time of Your Life is a dance show created for Living as a tribute to \"Dirty Dancing\"'s 20th anniversary in 2007. Due to the success of the show, a second series was shown in 2008. Sixteen dancers (twenty in series 2) from all over Britain compete for a dance contract with Los Angeles-based dance agency BLOC. The couples will stay at the Mountain Lake resort in Virginia. Each week they perform a dance in front of guests from the mountain lake resort and the judges. Each week the dancers pick", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11379684", "score": "1.0747969", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing: The Time of Your Life", "text": "Skins series 3. Alex Murdoch has featured in an advert for the Peugeot 107 Verve and went on to be a contestant in the 7th X Factor series as part of F.Y.D.. Tobias Mead was featured in the first season of Britains Got Talent on 17 April 2010 and got through to the next round after dancing. Vincent Vianen did the choreography for both seasons of the Dutch version of So You Think You Can Dance. Dirty Dancing: The Time of Your Life Dirty Dancing: The Time of Your Life is a dance show created for Living as a tribute", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11379688", "score": "1.0682604", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing", "text": "on to choreograph and direct other major pictures such as \"Newsies\" (1992) and starting in 2006, the \"High School Musical\" series. He also became a director of film and television, including several episodes of \"Gilmore Girls\", in which \"Dirty Dancing\" Kelly Bishop had a starring role. Lake Lure celebrated its \"Dirty Dancing\" legacy in the 1980s with the \"Dirty Dancing Revue\" featuring the A-Lure Dancers, soul singer Maurice Williams (whose song \"Stay\" was featured in the film), and Billy Scott and the Party Prophets. Today, Lake Lure hosts the annual Dirty Dancing Festival. Kellerman's Hotel is the Mountain Lake Hotel,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3186470", "score": "1.0620311", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing (2017 film)", "text": "21 reviews, with an average rating of 3.9/10. On Metacritic, the film was given a score of 39 out of 100 based on 16 critics, indicating \"generally unfavorable reviews\". Kimberly Roots of TVLine gave \"Dirty Dancing\" a D, stating: \"By adding unnecessary elements and turning \"Dirty Dancing\" into a musical, ABC proves that it wouldn't know what made the original film special if it hit them in the pachanga.\" Mae Abdulbaki of theyoungfolks.com gave \"Dirty Dancing\" a 3 (out of 10), stating \"Remaking one of the most popular and beloved movies in the history of cinema feels almost disrespectful on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19390571", "score": "1.0535223", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "The Contours", "text": "\"Dirty Dancing\". In 1988, a reissue of \"Do You Love Me\" sent the song back to the Billboard Top 40 charts for eight weeks, peaking at number eleven. The movie and the record spawned a 1988 \"Dirty Dancing Concert Tour\" followed by a new recording contract for Ian Levine's Motorcity Records where the group recorded two albums \"Flashback\" and \"Revenge\" although the latter was not released, though the songs would later be featured on the later compilation, \"The Best of the Contours\". In 1992, Hinson left the group, and it continued as a quartet until 1993 when Nunlee left. Al", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4460676", "score": "1.0511296", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing", "text": "Previews started August 26 and the official opening night was on September 2. \"Dirty Dancing\" has appeared in other forms than the stage version. In 1988, a music tour named \"Dirty Dancing: Live in Concert\", featuring Bill Medley and Eric Carmen, played 90 cities in three months. Also in 1988, the CBS network launched a \"Dirty Dancing\" television series, however with none of the original cast or crew. The series was canceled after only a few episodes. In 2004, a prequel of the film was released, entitled \"\". It tells the story of a sheltered American teenager learning about life", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3186478", "score": "1.0496119", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Melora Hardin", "text": "starred as Baby in the short-lived 1988 television series \"Dirty Dancing\" (based on the 1987 film of the same name) and two 1992 episodes of \"Quantum Leap\" (as Abigail in \"Trilogy,\" Parts 2 and 3). She co-starred in the 1990 dance movie \"Lambada\" as Sandy. She appeared in \"Absolute Power\" (1997) as Christy Sullivan and played Ross's dirty-talking love interest in the season 1 \"Friends\" episode \"The One with the Stoned Guy\". She was also originally cast in \"Back to the Future\" as Jennifer Parker, but was re-cast after Eric Stoltz (the original Marty McFly) was let go. Upon Michael", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4990275", "score": "1.0420249", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing (2017 film)", "text": "by Jessica Sharzer. Allison Shearmur was attached to the project as executive producer. Abigail Breslin had been officially attached as Baby, while the studio would green-light the project after further casting. In January 2016, ABC officially green-lit the project after Debra Messing was cast as Baby's mother. The following month, after a lengthy audition process, dancer Colt Prattes was announced as Johnny, the role originally played by Patrick Swayze. In March 2016, it was announced that Nicole Scherzinger would co-star as Penny, Johnny's dance partner, alongside Sarah Hyland as Lisa Houseman, Baby's sister, and Bruce Greenwood as Dr. Jake Houseman,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19390568", "score": "1.0410364", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing", "text": "Met Your Mother\", Barney Stinson attempts to pass off the \"Dirty Dancing\" story as the story of his own loss of virginity because he is ashamed of his actual story; the original \"Love is Strange\" scene is shown with Barney replacing Johnny. In \"Coronation Street\" in 2018 the famous lift dance sequence was rehearsed for the 2018 wedding of Steve McDonald and Tracy Barlow and was also performed to \"The Time of My Life\" as in the film. The French film \"Heartbreaker\" (2010) pays homage to the film, as a plot detail, with some clips from the film shown and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3186473", "score": "1.0392016", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Dirty Dancing (2017 film)", "text": "opening scene takes place in New York City 1975, with a grown-up Frances (Abigail Breslin) saying how she never forgot her relationship with Johnny (Colt Prattes). In late summer 1963, affluent, college-bound Frances visits Kellerman’s resort with her family and falls in love with working-class dance instructor Johnny Castle. The film closely follows the plot of the original film; although there are notable changes: A frame story is added. In 1975, Frances attends \"Dirty Dancing,\" a Broadway show choreographed by Johnny and inspired by a book Frances wrote. Frances' faith in Johnny gave him the confidence to pursue a career.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19390566", "score": "1.029387", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Lap Dance (film)", "text": "lives are changed forever. The film was released theatrically released domestically by Entertainment One on December 5, 2014. The film was shot on location in Houston, Texas and Los Angeles in 2013. Lap Dance (film) Lap Dance is an American drama produced by Datari Turner Productions and directed by Greg Carter. The film's ensemble cast includes Briana Evigan, Robert Hoffman, Ali Cobrin, Datari Turner, James Remar, Mariel Hemingway, Omari Hardwick, Lynn Whitfield, Carmen Electra, Nia Peeples, Stacey Dash, Junie Hoang and LisaRaye. The film is described as a modern-day \"Indecent Proposal\", and it revolves around Monica (Ali Cobrin), an aspiring", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17587358", "score": "1.0257633", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "1832", "1889" ]

[ { "title": "History of Sussex", "text": "area of East Grinstead, Haywards Heath, Burgess Hill and Hassocks being transferred from East Sussex into West Sussex along with Crawley and the Gatwick area that was formerly part of Surrey. As part of the Local Government Act 1972, the eastern and western divisions of Sussex were made into the ceremonial counties of East and West Sussex in 1974. Boundaries were changed and a large part of the rape of Lewes was transferred from the eastern division into West Sussex, along with Gatwick Airport, which was historically part of the county of Surrey. The county boroughs were returned to the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4039664", "score": "1.3008536", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Sussex", "text": "created later in the 11th century and the rape of Chichester was created in the 13th century. Sussex is divided into two administrative counties and one unitary authority, Brighton and Hove. The divisions of east Sussex and west Sussex have their roots in the church's division of the county at the river Adur into east and west parts (divided from at least the 11th century into the archdeaconry of Chichester and the archdeaconry of Lewes). With Sussex's cathedral located at Chichester in the far west of the county, 9 miles from the western boundary and 90 miles from the eastern", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "602300", "score": "1.29793", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Sussex", "text": "boundary, it became practical to divide the county into two sections. The three eastern rapes of Sussex became east Sussex and the three western rapes became west Sussex. An act of Henry VII dating from 1504 directed that, for convenience, the two halves of the county should have separate administrations (Quarter Sessions). This situation was recognised by the County of Sussex Act 1865. Under the Local Government Act 1888, the two divisions became two administrative counties (along with three county boroughs: Brighton, Hastings and, from 1911, Eastbourne). Created in the fifth century, the kingdom of Sussex continued until its absorption", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "602301", "score": "1.2817074", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "West Sussex", "text": "Wessex as an earldom and became the county of Sussex. With its origins in the kingdom of Sussex, the later county of Sussex was traditionally divided into six units known as rapes. By the 16th century, the three western rapes were grouped together informally, having their own separate Quarter Sessions. These were administered by a separate county council from 1888, the county of Sussex being divided for administrative purposes into the administrative counties of East and West Sussex. In 1974, West Sussex was made a single ceremonial county with the coming into force of the Local Government Act 1972. At", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1277476", "score": "1.2774538", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "History of local government in Sussex", "text": "Councils, Adur District Council and Worthing Borough Council have operated under a joint management structure, with a single Chief Executive, since 1 April 2008. Wider sharing arrangements between Eastbourne and Lewes were proposed in 2015. Cultural historian Peter Brandon has called the current division of Sussex into east and west 'unnatural' and advocates the reunification of East and West Sussex while historian Chris Hare has called for a devolved regional assembly for Sussex. Two devolution proposals involving Sussex local authorities were submitted to the UK Government in 2015. One proposal involved East and West Sussex County Councils together with Surrey", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19166633", "score": "1.2743988", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Mid Sussex", "text": "name for the Lewes constituency when Sussex representation was reformed to nine approximately equal electorate seats. The first Parliamentary mention of a Mid Sussex body of any sort is in 1907, to the Mid Sussex Joint Water District, an amalgamation of private water companies to provide safe, treated, piped water. Sussex has been divided into East Sussex and West Sussex for taxation since the late medieval period but this divide changed for the first and most recent time in 1972. Changes were provided for under a 1972 Act, all major proposals debated in outline, and made in detail in its", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1373976", "score": "1.2513909", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "East Sussex", "text": "East Sussex East Sussex is a county in South East England. It is bordered by the counties of Kent to the north and east, Surrey to the north west and West Sussex to the west, and to the south by the English Channel. East Sussex is part of the historic county of Sussex, which has its roots in the ancient kingdom of the South Saxons, who established themselves there in the 5th century AD, after the departure of the Romans. Archaeological remains are plentiful, especially in the upland areas. The area's position on the coast has also meant that there", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "771338", "score": "1.2386365", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "West Sussex", "text": "the same time a large part of the eastern rape of Lewes (the Mid Sussex district which includes the towns of Haywards Heath, Burgess Hill and East Grinstead) was transferred into West Sussex. Until 1834 provision for the poor and destitute in West Sussex was made at parish level. From 1835 until 1948 eleven Poor Law Unions, each catering for several parishes, took on the job. Most settlements in West Sussex are either along the south coast or in Mid Sussex, near the M23/A23 corridor. The town of Crawley is the largest in the county with an estimated population of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1277477", "score": "1.235255", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "History of local government in Sussex", "text": "for Eastbourne was created in 1911: Local government in England was reformed in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972. Under the act, the ridings lost their lieutenancies and shrievalties and the administrative counties, county boroughs and their councils were abolished. The area of Sussex was divided between a number of non-metropolitan counties: Brighton, Eastbourne and Hastings were county boroughs, which on 1 April 1974 became boroughs within the non-metropolitan county of East Sussex. The non-metropolitan counties became counties for purposes such as lieutenancy. The urban districts of Burgess Hill, Cuckfield and East Grinstead, and nearly all of Cuckfield Rural", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19166628", "score": "1.2298112", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "History of Sussex", "text": "Since its creation in the fifth century, Sussex has been subject to periodic reform of its local governance. After the Reform Act of 1832 Sussex was divided into the eastern division and the western division, these divisions were coterminous with the two archdeaconries of Chichester and Lewes.:) In 1889, following the Local Government Act 1888, using those same boundaries, Sussex was divided into two administrative counties, East Sussex and West Sussex together with three self-governing county boroughs, Brighton, Eastbourne and Hastings. In 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, the county boundaries were revised with the mid-Sussex area of East", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Coat of arms of Sussex", "text": "Eastbourne, East Sussex County Council administered the rapes of Lewes, Pevensey and Hastings, while West Sussex County Council administered the rapes of Chichester, Arundel and Bramber. Each county council was required to adopt a common seal. The Local Government Act 1972 reorganised councils throughout England and Wales from 1974. In Sussex two new non-metropolitan counties of East Sussex and West Sussex were created, but with different boundaries to the administrative counties abolished by the 1972 Act. Accordingly, the two county councils had to apply for new arms. Both county councils were granted arms in 1975, based on those previously used.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10788581", "score": "1.2261763", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Sussex", "text": "Sussex Sussex (), from the Old English \"Sūþsēaxe\" (South Saxons), is a historic county in South East England corresponding roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex. It is bounded to the west by Hampshire, north by Surrey, northeast by Kent, south by the English Channel, and divided for many purposes into the ceremonial counties of West Sussex and East Sussex. Brighton and Hove, though part of East Sussex, was made a unitary authority in 1997, and as such, is administered independently of the rest of East Sussex. Brighton and Hove was granted City status in 2000. Until then,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "602263", "score": "1.218061", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Healthcare in Sussex", "text": "Thames RHA. Regions were reorganised in 1996 and the whole of Sussex came under the South Thames Regional Health Authority. East Sussex and West Sussex each had its own area health authority from 1974 until 2000 when they were abolished. The county was divided into district authorities based in Brighton, Eastbourne and Hastings in the East which were amalgamated in 1994. In the West there were three districts: Chichester; Worthing; and Cuckfield and Crawley: renamed Mid Downs 1982. Regional health authorities were reorganised and renamed strategic health authorities in 2002. The whole county was part of Surrey and Sussex SHA.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18538662", "score": "1.2146508", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Sussex", "text": "to the D-Day landings, the people of Sussex were witness to the buildup of military personnel and materials, including the assembly of landing crafts and construction of Mulberry harbours off the county's coast. In the post-war era, the New Towns Act 1946 designated Crawley as the site of a new town. As part of the Local Government Act 1972, the eastern and western divisions of Sussex were made into the ceremonial counties of East and West Sussex in 1974. Boundaries were changed and a large part of the rape of Lewes was transferred from the eastern division into West Sussex,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "602296", "score": "1.2022305", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "History of local government in Sussex", "text": "sent from the Department of Communities and Local Government and the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills to local authority and business leaders, inviting proposals to replace regional development agencies in their areas by 6 September 2010. Within Sussex two LEPs were created. The Coast to Capital LEP was created for West Sussex, Brighton and Hove and Lewes, plus parts of Surrey and south London. The South East LEP was created for East Sussex, Kent and Essex. The Lewes district participates in both LEPs. The 21st century has seen greater partnership working between neighbouring authorities. Operating as Adur and Worthing", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19166632", "score": "1.2017883", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "History of local government in Sussex", "text": "county councils but in 1997 the towns of Brighton and Hove were amalgamated as a unitary local authority and in 2000, Brighton and Hove was given City status. There continue to be a range of organisations that operate across the entirety of Sussex, even though it is administered as two non-metropolitan counties of East and West Sussex. Organisations operating across all Sussex include the Diocese of Chichester, Sussex Police, the Sussex Archaeological Society the Sussex History Society and the Sussex Wildlife Trust. In 2010 the Sussex Association was established as a branch of the Association of British Counties, which is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19166616", "score": "1.1978729", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Sussex", "text": "found at Boxgrove. It was invaded by the Romans and is the site of the Battle of Hastings. In 1974, the Lord-Lieutenant of Sussex was replaced with one each for East and West Sussex, which became separate ceremonial counties. Sussex continues to be recognised as a geographical territory and cultural region. It has had a single police force since 1968 and its name is in common use in the media. In 2007, Sussex Day was created to celebrate the county's rich culture and history. Based on the traditional emblem of Sussex, a blue shield with six gold martlets, the flag", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "602265", "score": "1.1967435", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "History of local government in Sussex", "text": "a society dedicated to promoting awareness of the continuing importance of the 86 historic (or traditional) Counties of Great Britain. Sussex originated in the 5th century as the Kingdom of Sussex, which in the 9th century was annexed by the Kingdom of Wessex, which with further expansions became the Kingdom of England. While Sussex retained its independence it is likely that it would have had a regular assembly or \"folkmoot\". Sussex seems to have had a greater degree of decentralisation than other kingdoms. For a period during the 760s there may have been as many as four of five kings", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19166617", "score": "1.1963463", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "West Sussex County Council", "text": "the administrative county of West Sussex, with its own county council, from the three western rapes of the ancient county of Sussex, that is the rapes of Chichester, Arundel and Bramber. With the exception of the three county boroughs of Brighton, Hastings and Eastbourne, the three eastern rapes of Lewes, Pevensey and Hastings came under the control of East Sussex County Council. Until 1898 it existed alongside the Urban and Rural Sanitary Districts, when these were abolished in favour of a new network or urban and rural districts. The Local Government Act 1972 abolished the previous structure of local government", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11934504", "score": "1.1949219", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "East Sussex", "text": "is located at Sedlescombe. East Sussex East Sussex is a county in South East England. It is bordered by the counties of Kent to the north and east, Surrey to the north west and West Sussex to the west, and to the south by the English Channel. East Sussex is part of the historic county of Sussex, which has its roots in the ancient kingdom of the South Saxons, who established themselves there in the 5th century AD, after the departure of the Romans. Archaeological remains are plentiful, especially in the upland areas. The area's position on the coast has", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "771353", "score": "1.1945317", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "History of local government in Sussex", "text": "local control respected the subdivision of the county into an eastern division, made up of the rapes of Hastings, Lewes and Pevensey, and a western division, made up of the rapes of Arundel, Bramber and Chichester. Sussex hosted seven rather than the usual four quarter sessions. During the assigned weeks for Epiphany, Easter and Michaelmas, one court convened at the western section of Sussex on Mondays and Tuesdays and another court convened in the eastern section on Thursdays and Fridays. The western meetings followed a geographical rotation between Chichester, Petworth, Arundel and Midhurst; the eastern sessions always took place at", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19166623", "score": "1.1940385", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "East Sussex", "text": "there were also three self-administered county boroughs: Brighton, Eastbourne and Hastings. In 1974 East Sussex was made a non-metropolitan and ceremonial county, and the three county boroughs became districts within the county. At the same time the western boundary was altered, so that the Mid Sussex region (including Burgess Hill and Haywards Heath) was transferred to the county of West Sussex. In 1997, Brighton and Hove became a self-administered unitary authority; it was granted city status in 2000, whilst remaining part of the ceremonial county of East Sussex. East Sussex is divided into five local government districts. Three are larger,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "771340", "score": "1.1927974", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Sussex", "text": "South Saxons (Latin: \"Australes Saxones\") is in a royal charter of 689 which names them and their king, Noðhelm, although the term may well have been in use for some time before that. The monastic chronicler who wrote up the entry classifying the invasion seems to have got his dates wrong; recent scholars have suggested he might have been a quarter of a century too late. The New Latin word \"Suthsexia\" was used for Sussex by Dutch cartographer Joan Blaeu in his 1645 map. Three United States counties (in Delaware, New Jersey, and Virginia), and a former county/land division of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "602267", "score": "1.1918447", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "History of local government in Sussex", "text": "Lewes. The Midsummer quarter session took place for the whole of Sussex at either East Grinstead or Horsham. By the reign of Elizabeth I the quarter sessions for eastern and western Sussex were effectively independent and the office of the Clerk of the Peace was the sole administrative link between the two. By 1835 several Sussex towns had borough status and as part of the Municipal Corporations Act 1835 a uniform system of municipal boroughs was introduced. In Sussex the towns of Arundel, Chichester, Hastings, Rye (all 1836); Brighton 1854, Lewes 1881 were all incorporated as municipal boroughs. Under the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19166624", "score": "1.1911737", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "History of Sussex", "text": "emblem of Sussex, a blue shield with six gold martlets, the flag of Sussex was recognised by the Flag Institute in 2011. In 2013, Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government Eric Pickles formally recognised and acknowledged the continued existence of England's 39 historic counties, including Sussex. The system of hundreds had been introduced during the time of the Saxons. In the 7th century Sussex has been estimated to have contained 7,000 families or hides. The creation of the rapes by the Normans introduced boundaries that divided some of the hundreds (and also some of the manors) causing a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4039666", "score": "1.190284", "original_retrieval_index": 33 }, { "title": "History of local government in Sussex", "text": "parishes in Surrey instead of the Gatwick part of these. The proposals met with some protest. a 1971 demonstration by 1,500 residents that disrupted traffic on the main London to Brighton road at the proposed boundary. The changes were mostly reversed due to a local poll before its 1974 implementation, with the Charlwood and Horley Act 1974. East to West Sussex land re-designation was kept with the stated aim of uniting all areas affected by the projected major Crawley and Gatwick Airport economy under one supervisory local authority. The Royal Mail adopted East and West Sussex as postal counties in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19166630", "score": "1.1869023", "original_retrieval_index": 35 }, { "title": "Rape of Bramber", "text": "between the rapes of Bramber and Lewes. The oak was cut down in the 1840s and is remembered today in the County Oak Retail Park in Crawley. The highest point in the rape is Chanctonbury Ring at tall. Until the creation of the rape of Bramber, Sussex had been divided into east and west at the River Adur, at least for the purposes of the church in Sussex (divided from at least the 11th century into the archdeaconry of Chichester and the archdeaconry of Lewes). After the creation of the rape of Bramber, the rape became one of the three", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13453021", "score": "1.182166", "original_retrieval_index": 36 }, { "title": "History of Sussex", "text": "control of the two county councils but in 1997 the towns of Brighton and Hove were amalgamated as a unitary local authority and in 2000, Brighton and Hove was given City status. Although it is administered as the two ceremonial counties of East and West Sussex, there continue to be a range of organisations that operate throughout the ancient borders of Sussex such as the Diocese of Chichester, Sussex Police, the Sussex Archaeological Society the Sussex History Society and the Sussex Wildlife Trust. In 2007, Sussex Day was created to celebrate Sussex's rich culture and history. Based on the traditional", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4039665", "score": "1.1816149", "original_retrieval_index": 37 }, { "title": "Culture of Sussex", "text": "may cease to exist as a separate cultural entity in the next 50–60 years. Chris Hare advocates a devolved regional assembly for Sussex while Brandon advocates the reunification of East and West Sussex. Historically, Sussex has had its own dialect with regional differences reflecting its cultural history. It has been divided into variants for the three western rapes of West Sussex, the two eastern rapes of Lewes and Pevensey and an area approximate to the easternmost rape of Hastings. The Sussex dialect is also notable in having an unusually large number of words for mud, in a way similar to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17068176", "score": "1.18034", "original_retrieval_index": 38 }, { "title": "Mid Sussex", "text": "associated Order. Mid Sussex's change in county was argued under the Redcliffe-Maud Report's \"Planning Area\" enhancing a Second Wilson ministry plan with support from locally resident Lords and of the Heath ministry. Under this plan West Sussex gained an irregular swathe of East Sussex as far as East Grinstead in the north and in its initially passed form, Crawley would have gained two parishes in Surrey instead of the Gatwick part of these — mostly reversed due to a local poll, before its 1974 implementation, with the Charlwood and Horley Act 1974. East to West Sussex land re-designation was kept", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1373977", "score": "1.1801836", "original_retrieval_index": 39 } ]

[ "singer/songwriter Judy Collins", "Judy Collins" ]

[ { "title": "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes", "text": "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes \"Suite: Judy Blue Eyes\" is a suite of short songs written by Stephen Stills and performed by Crosby, Stills & Nash (CSN). It appeared on the group's self-titled debut album in 1969 and was released as a single, reaching #21 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 pop singles chart. In Canada, \"Suite: Judy Blue Eyes\" peaked at number 11. The song is a suite in the classical sense, i.e. an ordered set of musical pieces. The title \"Suite: Judy Blue Eyes\" (a play on words for \"Sweet Judy Blue Eyes\") refers to Stephen Stills' former girlfriend, singer/songwriter", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4634381", "score": "1.5495082", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes", "text": "was named the 51st greatest song ever in a 2000 list by VH1. In 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" magazine ranked it number 418 on its list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. It was also included in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's \"500 Songs That Shaped Rock & Roll\". Suite: Judy Blue Eyes \"Suite: Judy Blue Eyes\" is a suite of short songs written by Stephen Stills and performed by Crosby, Stills & Nash (CSN). It appeared on the group's self-titled debut album in 1969 and was released as a single, reaching #21 on the \"Billboard\" Hot", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4634389", "score": "1.4754763", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes", "text": "Eyes\" better than the released version. Collins and Stills had met in 1967 and dated for two years. In 1969, she was appearing in the New York Shakespeare Festival musical production of \"Peer Gynt\" and had fallen in love with her co-star Stacy Keach, eventually leaving Stills for him. Stills was devastated by the possible breakup and wrote the song as a response to his sadness. In a 2000 interview, Collins gave her impressions of when she first heard the song: The recording features an acoustic guitar tuned to EEEEBE (\"Bruce Palmer Modal Tuning\") vs. the standard EADGBE tuning. This", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4634383", "score": "1.381496", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes", "text": "sung in Spanish, starting at 6:34 until the song concludes. The \"doo-doo-doo-da-doo\" backing vocals are the best known segment of \"Suite: Judy Blue Eyes\", with Stills singing Spanish lyrics in the background. Stills has said that he intentionally made the final stanzas unexpected and difficult, even using a foreign language for the lyrics, \"just to make sure nobody would understand it\" (not even Spanish speaking people). The final section has been parodied many times, notably in Frank Zappa's compositions \"Billy the Mountain\" and \"Magdalena\" on The Mothers of Invention's album \"Just Another Band From L.A.\" Most recently, \"Weird Al\" Yankovic", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4634387", "score": "1.3711684", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes", "text": "style of tuning would later be used for the \"Déjà Vu\" songs \"4+20\" and \"Carry On\". The final section of the song is included on the CSNY live album \"4 Way Street\". It fades in on the opening of side one of the album. CSN also performed \"Suite: Judy Blue Eyes\" as their opening song at the Woodstock and Live Aid festivals, and their performance at the former is featured in the film \"Woodstock\" (1970). \"Suite: Judy Blue Eyes\" has four distinct sections. The timings below are for the full album version. The shortened version released as a single cut", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4634384", "score": "1.3689613", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes", "text": "performs a takeoff of it (\"Mission Statement\") on his 2014 album \"Mandatory Fun\", only instead of Spanish, the lyrics are corporate buzzwords strung together in such a way as to be ultimately nonsensical. It is also sampled in the 2010 Cypress Hill song \"Armada Latina\". Writing for \"The New York Times\" in 1969, Robert Christgau believed that while \"Stills has become such a sophisticated guitarist that many of his lines lack any straight-on rhythmic compulsion\", his \"Suite: Judy Blue Eyes\" is \"a structural triumph which could never have been brought off by a more Dionysiac spirit.\" \"Suite: Judy Blue Eyes\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4634388", "score": "1.3126751", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes", "text": "the second and fourth verses from the first section, cut the third and fourth verses from the second section, cut the final verse and preceding break from the third section, and shortened the guitar break between the second and the third sections. The final section is the only part that stayed fully intact on the single. The first section is a traditional pop song with four verses, featuring a chorus of \"I am yours, you are mine, you are what you are.\" Running at approximately 2:56, the lead vocal is performed by Stills, with Crosby and Nash providing harmonies. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4634385", "score": "1.294003", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes", "text": "second section is performed in half time relative to the first section, and features four verses of three-part harmony from the band, with Stills performing a brief vocal solo between the second and third. This section runs from 2:56 to 4:43. The third section is more upbeat and features poetic lyrics (\"chestnut brown canary, ruby-throated sparrow\"), lasting from 4:43 to 6:25. Each of the three phrases is initially sung by Stills, with Nash then joining, and finally Crosby rounding out the harmonies. Connecting the phrases are instrumental breaks performed by Stills on acoustic guitar. The final section (the coda) is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4634386", "score": "1.2351081", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "The Notations", "text": "until the doors closed in 1979. Emmmett Garnder (The groups manager at the time) took the group to Mercury Records with a song entitled \"Judy Blue Eyes\". They stayed with the label for one year. Current Members are Clifford Curry, Eric Bryant & Eric Rapier. They have a new single to be released in the winter of 2016 entitled \"Just Your Love\". This particular track was produced by Aundre Miller & Jimmy Hudson. The Notations The Notations were an American soul group formed at high school in Chicago, Illinois in the late 1960s . The group recorded for Tad Records", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13875857", "score": "1.0991806", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes", "text": "The title \"Suite: Judy Blue Eyes\" (a play on words for \"Sweet Judy Blue Eyes\") refers to Stephen Stills' former girlfriend, singer/songwriter Judy Collins, and the lyrics to most of the suite's sections consist of his thoughts about her and their imminent breakup. Collins is known for her piercing blue eyes. During a July 15, 2007 interview for the National Public Radio program Just Roll Tape, Stills revealed that Collins was present in the studio when the demo tapes were recorded. Collins had advised Stills \"not to stay [at the studio] all night.\" Stills later commented that \"the breakup was", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Judy Roderick", "text": "her second and best-regarded album, \"Woman Blue\", released in 1965. Again a mixture of blues and folk material, from a variety of sources, it featured musicians Artie Traum, Dick Weissman, Russ Savakus, Todd Sommer and Paul Griffin. The song \"Woman Blue\" was a folk song recorded by many artists, usually titled \"I Know You Rider\", and made more popular by the Grateful Dead. The album was issued by Fontana in the UK in 1966, and Roderick went to Britain to promote the record. She was also featured on an album of Newport Folk Festival performances issued by Vanguard. However, by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9845083", "score": "1.0991552", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Judy Green (socialite)", "text": "Fields, the Broadway lyricist, was a maternal relative. She was heralded as Andy Warhol's first muse by Baby Jane Holzer. Warhol not only did her photo portrait but she starred in his first movie, \"The Kiss\", on permanent display at MOMA. She was also reportedly close to Frank Sinatra and Neil Sheehan, the Pulitzer Prize and National Book Award winning Vietnam War correspondent. In 1962, she wrote and released \"The Young Marrieds\", a novel published by Simon & Schuster, before she was married, which was turned into a daytime soap opera, \"The Young Marrieds\". After her marriage to Green, she", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8863876", "score": "1.0885323", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Sharon O'Neill", "text": "Sharon O'Neill Sharon Lea O'Neill (born 23 November 1952, Nelson, New Zealand) is a singer-songwriter and pianist from New Zealand, who had an Australasian hit single in 1983 with \"Maxine\" which reached No. 16 on both the Australian Kent Music Report and Recording Industry Association of New Zealand charts. Sharon O'Neill is a self taught musician who learned to play guitar by ear and started composing at an early age, by putting chords to her poetry. She began playing the acoustic guitar around Nelson in the 1960s. O'Neill began recording with Robin Winch and Nancy Richman under the name Suitewater.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3645698", "score": "1.0760438", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Don't It Make My Brown Eyes Blue", "text": "Blue\" for Gayle \"she was just as excited [by the song] as I was.\" The track was recorded at Jack's Tracks in Nashville on October 27, 1976. As Reynolds' regular session keyboardist Charles Cochran had suffered a stroke with some resultant numbness in his hands, Reynolds hired Hargus \"Pig\" Robbins to play keyboards, and Robbins instantly devised the song's signature acoustic piano riff; Cochran was also featured on the session playing the horn parts on a Wurlitzer. Reynolds noted \"it was just one of those charmed sessions...[After] we presented the song to the musicians...it was about the third time running", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8617415", "score": "1.069636", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Dedicated to the Ones We Love", "text": "same album would be one of his choices – \"What a great song about siblings, family, strength and loyalty\". Ed Nimmervoll recommended the album, \"Imagine Nick Cave trying to emulate Frank Sinatra and you're half-way towards an impression of the Blackeyed Susans' \"style\"\". Other tracks include covers of The Crystals, Bob Dylan, The Velvet Underground, and, most poignantly, The Triffids. The Triffids were the previous band of David McComb, who had died in 1999 and was a founding member of The Blackeyed Susans. All songs written by artists listed. According to The Blackeyed Susans: Dedicated to the Ones We Love", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11032780", "score": "1.0624981", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Crystal Gayle", "text": "Crystal Gayle Brenda Gail Gatzimos (née Webb; born January 9, 1951), known professionally as Crystal Gayle, is an American singer. Best known for her 1977 country-pop crossover song, \"Don't It Make My Brown Eyes Blue\", she had twenty #1 country songs during the 1970s and 1980s (18 on \"Billboard\" and 2 on \"Cashbox\") with six albums certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America. Gayle became the first female artist in country music history to reach platinum sales, with her 1977 album \"We Must Believe in Magic\". Also noted for her nearly floor-length hair, she was voted one of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2971701", "score": "1.0592353", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'", "text": "blue-eyed soul, that suited Spector. Spector commissioned Barry Mann and Cynthia Weil to write a song for the group, bringing them over from New York to Los Angeles to stay at the Chateau Marmont Hotel so they could write the song. Taking a cue from \"Baby I Need Your Loving\" by The Four Tops that was then rising in the charts, Mann and Weil decided to write a ballad. Mann wrote the melody first, and came up with the opening line \"You never close your eyes anymore when I kiss your lips\", influenced by a line from the song \"I", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5840912", "score": "1.0572801", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Mandatory Fun", "text": "considered it \"ironic to juxtapose that with the song stylings of CSN, whose music pretty much symbolizes the antithesis of corporate America\". \"Rolling Stone\" noted that the song imitates the band's layered harmonies used in \"Carry On\" and \"Suite: Judy Blue Eyes\". \"Inactive\" is a spoof of the Imagine Dragons song \"Radioactive\" that centers on an extremely lethargic character covered in food residue. O'Keeffe remarked upon the breathing sounds of the original song being recontexualized in the parody, as the character mentions that he requires an inhaler. The Pixies pastiche \"First World Problems\" lampoons people who complain of various First", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18107415", "score": "1.0494848", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Blue Eyes Blue", "text": "Blue Eyes Blue \"Blue Eyes Blue\" is a pop song written by American songwriter Diane Warren. The tune was written for the 1999 soundtrack of \"Runaway Bride\". The British rock musician Eric Clapton recorded the song for the soundtrack and released his performance of the song as a single on July 20, 1999 for Reprise Records. The pop track was written by Diane Warren, especially for the 1999 romantic comedy film \"Runaway Bride\", starring Julia Roberts and Richard Gere. The song was published under Realsongs, a division of American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers organization. Clapton recorded the song", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18806079", "score": "1.043528", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Blue Eyes Blue", "text": "keyboards and background vocals, Tim Pierce and Darryl Crooks on rhythm guitar, Nathan East as the bassist, Steve Ferrone on drums, Jamie Muhoberac on keyboards, Luis Conte and Mike Fasano on the percussion instrument. Orchestral composer David Campbell arranged the strings for the release. The song was released on July 27, 1999 as part of the \"Runaway Bride\" soundtrack on compact disc and music cassette, seven days after the single had been released. On October 12, 1999 the song appeared on the compilation album \"\". On September 11, 2001, \"Blue Eyes Blue\" was released as part of the double album", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18806081", "score": "1.0389093", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Donna Grantis", "text": "jazz vocalist Kellylee Evans, R&B songwriter Haydain Neale (Jacksoul) and multi-platinum pop singer Amanda Marshall. As a band leader and composer, Grantis fronted an instrumental jazz-fusion trio called the Donna Grantis Electric Band. Her debut solo album, \"Suites\", was independently released June 26, 2012. The Donna Grantis Electric Band marked the release of the album with a performance at Toronto jazz club, the Rex Hotel, before touring Europe in support of the record through the fall of 2012. As a musical director, Grantis worked on special events with the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) and the Women's Blues Revue among others.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19314823", "score": "1.0327458", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Blue Eyes Blue", "text": "same year as Clapton's version, Dutch artist René Froger released his version on his 1999 album \"I Don't Break Easy\". Blue Eyes Blue \"Blue Eyes Blue\" is a pop song written by American songwriter Diane Warren. The tune was written for the 1999 soundtrack of \"Runaway Bride\". The British rock musician Eric Clapton recorded the song for the soundtrack and released his performance of the song as a single on July 20, 1999 for Reprise Records. The pop track was written by Diane Warren, especially for the 1999 romantic comedy film \"Runaway Bride\", starring Julia Roberts and Richard Gere. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18806090", "score": "1.0301204", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Eric Judy", "text": "Casanova. Currently Judy plays in the Seattle based Rudy Waltz Eric Judy Eric Scott Judy is the former bass guitarist, founding member, and occasional backing vocalist of the indie rock band Modest Mouse. During a Modest Mouse Japanese tour, a band looking for a name approached Judy and asked him to name their band. Judy, who was intoxicated at the time, wrote down \"Ogre You Asshole\" and said \"How about this?\". Years later, the name stuck. When the band met them again years later, Judy did not recall the event. Judy appeared on Adam Forkner’s first solo album in 2003.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3141056", "score": "1.0285503", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "You Can Close Your Eyes", "text": "Dixie Chicks' Natalie Maines covered the song in concert in 2010. You Can Close Your Eyes \"You Can Close Your Eyes\" is a song written by James Taylor which was released on his 1971 album \"Mud Slide Slim and the Blue Horizon\". It was also released as the B-side to his #1 single \"You've Got a Friend\". It has often been described as a lullaby. It was initially recorded by his sister Kate Taylor for her 1971 album \"Sister Kate\". The song has been covered by many artists, including Carly Simon, Linda Ronstadt, Maureen McGovern, Richie Havens, Sheryl Crow, Sting,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17973835", "score": "1.0270311", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Judy Roderick", "text": "of the songs on two of the band's albums. In 1982, she and Payne formed a new band, Judy Roderick & The Forbears, and recorded a self-titled album with musicians including Mac Rebennack (Dr. John). The album received a limited independent release on cassette only in 1984. A diabetic since childhood, Judy Roderick died of a heart attack from complications due to the disease in 1992 at the age of 49. The album \"Woman Blue\" was remastered and reissued by Vanguard in 1993. One of Roderick and Ashford's songs, \"Floods of South Dakota\", was later recorded by Tim and Mollie", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9845085", "score": "1.0225465", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Mirror Blue", "text": "least in favour of the production and quite probably a willing participant. Despite the critical backlash and the poor sales, some of the songs on the album have become concert staples and favourites of Thompson’s fans. In particular \"Beeswing\" – a tale about a travelling girl and the prices that she and the young man who falls in love with her pay for the choices they make – has come to be regarded as one of Thompson’s very best compositions. Songs such as \"Mingus Eyes\", \"Easy There, Steady Now\" and \"I Ride In Your Slipstream\" have a jazzy feel and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6341649", "score": "1.020549", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Rufus! Rufus! Rufus! Does Judy! Judy! Judy!: Live from the London Palladium", "text": "also includes several songs not included on Wainwright's album release. Guests on the DVD include Martha Wainwright (\"Stormy Weather\", \"Someone to Watch Over Me\"), one of Garland's daughters, Lorna Luft (\"After You've Gone\", \"Hello Bluebird\"), along with Kate McGarrigle (piano—\"Over the Rainbow\" and \"Ev'ry Time We Say Goodbye\"). Due to popular demand, Wainwright's tribute was performed a total of six times. After tickets for the first show (June 14, 2006 at Carnegie Hall in New York City) sold out, a second show was added at the same venue for the following night (June 15). Increased demand resulted in three concerts", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11333298", "score": "1.0176092", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Judy Chamberlain", "text": "Judy Chamberlain Judy Chamberlain (born September 26, 1944 in New York City) is an American jazz singer, bandleader and journalist known for her extensive repertoire, estimated at four thousand songs from the Great American Songbook. The \"Los Angeles Times\" jazz critic Don Heckman has called Judy, \"remarkably eclectic and versatile... always an intriguing interpreter of the standards\" and has written that she is \"almost guaranteed to know your favorite love song, no matter how obscure.\" Chamberlain also wrote restaurant reviews, society and editorial columns for the \"Orange Coast Daily Pilot\" in Costa Mesa, reviewed restaurants for the Torrance, California \"Daily", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12295540", "score": "1.0162482", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Larry Weiss", "text": "was the Country Music Association's Song of the Year in 1976. Another track from \"Black & Blue Suite\", \"Lay Me Down,\" was covered by Barry Manilow on his albums \"Tryin' to Get the Feeling\" and \"Barry Manilow Live\". During the 1980s, Weiss performed the theme song for the popular sitcom \"Who's the Boss?\" during its first two seasons, from 1984 to 1986. Weiss moved to Nashville in 1992, and continued to write songs for other artists, as well as developing his idea for a musical based around \"Rhinestone Cowboy\". He also released an album in his own name, \"Cuts and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17254030", "score": "1.0142027", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Judy Johnson (singer)", "text": "Judy Johnson (singer) Judy Johnson (born March 8, 1928 in Norfolk, Virginia, USA) is an American pop singer most notable for her regular appearances on the NBC television series \"Your Show of Shows\" in the 1950s. She was married to composer and conductor Mort Lindsey. In the early 1940s, Johnson sang with the Les Brown Orchestra under the name Betty Bonney. Her biggest hit was \"How Little We Know\", written by Hoagy Carmichael and Johnny Mercer for the character played by Lauren Bacall in the film \"To Have and Have Not\". Most of the kinescopes of \"Your Show of Shows\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18676339", "score": "1.0130733", "original_retrieval_index": 29 } ]

[ "November 2, 2016" ]

[ { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "for \"A Wrinkle in Time\" took place in multiple locations including Eureka, California in Humboldt County, starting on November 29, 2016. Filming also took place at Eureka's Sequoia Park, located next to Sequoia Park Zoo. After Los Angeles, production moved to New Zealand for two weeks. During the last two weeks of February 2017, filming locations for \"A Wrinkle in Time\" were established to be in Central Otago, New Zealand. Actors and crew involved were in New Zealand for the two weeks to shoot scenes in the Southern Alps, including at Hunter Valley Station near Lake Hāwea, with cast and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18343008", "score": "1.2567627", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2003 film)", "text": "I expected it to be bad, and it is.\" \"A Wrinkle in Time\" premiered at the Toronto Children's Film Festival, where it won the festival's 2003 Best Feature Film Award. Originally produced as a television miniseries, \"A Wrinkle in Time\" was at one point intended to air on \"The Wonderful World of Disney\" for two nights in February 2002. It was postponed, however, rescheduled for February 2003, postponed again, cut to 128 minutes, and aired in a single three-hour block on ABC May 10, 2004. \"A Wrinkle in Time\" was released on VHS and DVD November 16, 2004 by Buena", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9284469", "score": "1.2014419", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2003 film)", "text": "Vista Home Entertainment. The special features included deleted scenes, a \"behind the scenes\" segment, and a \"very rare\" interview with Madeleine L'Engle who discusses the novel. The home video rights to the film have since been obtained by Echo Bridge Home Entertainment, which has released the title both as a standalone DVD and as part of several family film bundles. A Wrinkle in Time (2003 film) A Wrinkle in Time is a 2003 Canadian-American made-for-television fantasy film directed by John Kent Harrison from a teleplay by Susan Shilliday based on the 1962 novel of the same name by Madeleine L'Engle.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9284470", "score": "1.1329858", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2003 film)", "text": "A Wrinkle in Time (2003 film) A Wrinkle in Time is a 2003 Canadian-American made-for-television fantasy film directed by John Kent Harrison from a teleplay by Susan Shilliday based on the 1962 novel of the same name by Madeleine L'Engle. It is produced by Walt Disney Television, Dimension Television, Fireworks Entertainment, and The Kerner Entertainment Company. The film stars Katie Stuart, Gregory Smith, David Dorfman, Chris Potter, Kyle Secor, Seán Cullen, Sarah-Jane Redmond, Kate Nelligan, Alison Elliot, and Alfre Woodard. Although footage from the project appeared in a trailer on \"Spy Kids\" DVD and VHS copies as early as 2001,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9284464", "score": "1.1303024", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "It was previously set for an April 6, 2018 release. \"A Wrinkle in Time\" was released on 4K UHD Blu-Ray, Blu-Ray, and DVD on June 5, 2018. \"A Wrinkle In Time\" grossed $100.5 million in the United States and Canada, and $32.2 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $132.7 million. With a combined $250 million spent on production and advertisement, the film needed to gross at least $400 million worldwide to turn a profit. Following Disney's Q2 earnings report in May 2018, Yahoo! Finance deduced the film would lose the studio anywhere from $86–186 million. In the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18343010", "score": "1.1128376", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "as part of a double-feature with \"Incredibles 2\". It ended up making $1.7 million (an increase of over 1,600% from the previous weekend), pushing the total U.S. gross to $100 million. Internationally, the film opened in six countries alongside the United States and grossed $6.3 million in its opening weekend, Russia being the largest market with $4.1 million. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 41% based on 266 reviews, and an average rating of 5.2/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \"\"A Wrinkle in Time\" is visually gorgeous, big-hearted, and occasionally quite moving; unfortunately,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18343012", "score": "1.1024472", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "million domestically. \"A Wrinkle in Time\" premiered at the El Capitan Theatre on February 26, 2018, with a theatrical release on March 9, 2018. With a total production and advertisement budget of around $150 million, the film was a box office bomb, grossing $132 million worldwide. The film received mixed reviews, with critics taking issue \"with the film's heavy use of CGI and numerous plot holes\" while some \"celebrated its message of female empowerment and diversity\". Thirteen-year-old middle school student Meg Murry struggles to adjust to both her school and home life ever since her father Alex, a renowned scientist,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18342995", "score": "1.0941434", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "Terabithia\" films. The project's budget was slated to be $35 million, which the company compared to \"District 9\" and \"Bridge to Terabithia\", both of which were made for less than $30 million. However, \"A Wrinkle in Time\" was part of a new California Film Commission tax credit program, which offset production costs considerably.On August 5, 2014, Jennifer Lee was announced as the screenwriter, taking over from Stockwell, who wrote the first draft. On February 8, 2016, it was reported that Ava DuVernay had been offered the job of directing the film, and she was confirmed to direct later that same", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18343003", "score": "1.0903126", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2003 film)", "text": "broadcast of the completed film was delayed several times; it finally aired in the United States on ABC May 10, 2004. The film received negative reviews. \"A Wrinkle in Time\" premiered at the Toronto Children's film Festival on April 24, 2003, where it won the Best Feature Film Award. Meg Murry (Katie Stuart) is having a difficult time. Her father, astrophysicist Dr. Jack Murry (Chris Potter), has mysteriously disappeared. Her youngest brother, Charles Wallace (David Dorfman), a genius, is teased and belittled and thought to be stupid because he does not talk to anyone but family. Meg does not get", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9284465", "score": "1.0864761", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "Principal photography began on November 2, 2016, in Los Angeles, California. With a production budget of over $100 million, the film became the first live-action film with a nine-digit budget to be directed by a woman of color. A Wrinkle in Time premired at the El Capitan Theatre on February 26, 2018, and with a theatrical release on March 9, 2018, through the Disney Digital 3-D, Real D 3D, and IMAX formats. The film received mixed reviews, with critics \"taking issue with the film's heavy use of CGI and numerous plot holes\" while \"celebrating its message of female empowerment and", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film) A Wrinkle in Time is a 2018 American science fantasy adventure film directed by Ava DuVernay and written by Jennifer Lee and Jeff Stockwell, based on Madeleine L'Engle's 1962 novel of the same name. Produced by Walt Disney Pictures and Whitaker Entertainment, the story follows a young girl who, with the help of three astral travelers, sets off on a quest to find her missing father. The film stars Oprah Winfrey, Reese Witherspoon, Mindy Kaling, Storm Reid, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Michael Peña, Zach Galifianakis, and Chris Pine. It is Disney's second film adaptation of L'Engle's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18342993", "score": "1.0781513", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "United States and Canada, \"A Wrinkle in Time\" was released alongside \"The Hurricane Heist\", \"Gringo\" and \"\", and was projected to gross $30–38 million from 3,980 theaters in its opening weekend. It made $10.2 million on its first day, including $1.3 million from Thursday night previews. It went on to debut to $33.3 million, finishing second behind Disney's own \"Black Panther\" ($41.1 million in its fourth weekend). In its second weekend, the film made $16.6 million, dropping 50% to 4th place. On June 15, in its 15th week of playing, the film returned to a total of 285 theaters, often", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18343011", "score": "1.0659778", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "of the \"Hollywood Reporter\"felt that the film was \"unable to charm or disarm\" the audience.Wenlei Ma, film and TV critic of \"news.com.au,\"stated that, following the halfway mark in the film, movie-goers find themselves \"not caring about the other characters besides Meg\" and that it seemed to \"drag\" in the latter half. She highlighted the film's disappointment, regardless of the value parents have found in the messages it teaches children via quotes from Ghandi and Nelson Mandela. A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film) A Wrinkle in Time is a 2018 American science fantasy adventure film directed by Ava DuVernay and written", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18343018", "score": "1.0473382", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "in Time\" remains true to itself even when everything on screen reads false.\" Jamie Broadnax, a freelance writer and member of the \"Critic's Choice Awards,\" tweeted that after seeing the film for the second time, she still was unable to conceptualize and take in the visuals displayed throughout the film and the numerous performances from various characters. Kat Candler, an American independent filmmaker, also stated that Disney's A Wrinkle in Time was a \"gorgeous love letter to the warriors of the next generation.\" Mercedes Howze of the New Pittsburgh Courier stated that the visuals were extraordinary and that the film", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18343015", "score": "1.040205", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "crew treated to a traditional Māori powhiri and karakia. Filming wrapped in New Zealand's South Island after two weeks, and DuVernay declared the cast and crew's love for New Zealand in an Instagram post. On September 28, 2017, Ramin Djawadi was announced as the composer for the film, replacing Jonny Greenwood, who was initially chosen to compose, and scored the film. On February 20, 2018, it was announced that the soundtrack would feature appearances from Sade, Sia, Kehlani, Chloe x Halle, Freestyle Fellowship, DJ Khaled, and Demi Lovato. The film was released in the United States on March 9, 2018.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18343009", "score": "1.0266409", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "it's also wildly ambitious to a fault, and often less than the sum of its classic parts.\" On Metacritic, which assigns normalized rating to reviews, the film has a weighted average score of 53 out of 100, based on 50 critics, indicating \"mixed or average reviews\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \"B\" on an A+ to F scale, while PostTrak reported filmgoers gave it a 75% overall positive score; audience members under the age of 18 gave it an average grade of \"A–\" and a positive score of 89%. Alonso Duralde of \"TheWrap\" praised", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18343013", "score": "1.0210061", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Jennifer Lee (filmmaker)", "text": "received screen credit as one of the writers who developed the story for the 2016 film \"Zootopia\". In August 2014, \"Variety\" reported that Lee's next project after \"Frozen\" would be an adaptation of Madeleine L'Engle's 1962 novel \"A Wrinkle in Time\". After the news broke, Lee tweeted: \"Been in love with the book for over 30 years. Writing this script means the world to me.\" Catherine Hand, the executive producer of the 2003 television film version, and Jim Whitaker produced for Disney, and Ava DuVernay directed the film, based on Lee's script. \"A Wrinkle in Time\" was released in March", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17755076", "score": "1.0130553", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Ava DuVernay", "text": "Terabithia\" films. On August 5, 2014, Jennifer Lee was announced as the screenwriter, taking over from Stockwell, who had written the first draft. On February 8, 2016, it was reported that DuVernay had been offered to direct the film, and she was confirmed as director later that same month. \"A Wrinkle in Time\" began filming in November 2016. DuVernay is the first woman of color to direct a live-action film with a budget of over $100 million, and the second woman to do so after Patty Jenkins (who directed \"Wonder Woman\"). The film was released in March 2018 and brought", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12479998", "score": "0.99980396", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Madeleine L'Engle", "text": "the Cathedral Church of Saint John the Divine in Manhattan. In 2018, her granddaughters published \"Becoming Madeleine: A Biography of the Author of A Wrinkle in Time by Her Granddaughters\". L'Engle's \"A Wrinkle in Time\" was adapted to a film twice by Disney. A television film, directed by John Kent Harrison, premiered on May 10, 2004. When asked in an interview with \"Newsweek\" if the film \"met her expectations\", L'Engle said, \"I have glimpsed it. . . . I expected it to be bad, and it is.\" A theatrical film, directed by Ava DuVernay, premiered March 9, 2018. L'Engle was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1974872", "score": "0.99698025", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Time Quintet", "text": "a television movie by Disney. A film adaptation of \"A Wrinkle in Time\" directed by Ava DuVernay was released in 2018 by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. Time Quintet The Time Quintet is a fantasy/science fiction series of five young adult novels written by Madeleine L'Engle. The series originated with \"A Wrinkle in Time\", written in 1959 to 1960 and turned down by 26 publishers before Farrar, Straus & Giroux finally published it in 1962. \"A Wrinkle in Time\" won the Newbery Medal and has sold over 6 million copies. The sequel, \"A Wind in the Door\", takes place the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9425189", "score": "0.99617076", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "choice of a director, due to the fact that she was able to correctly highlight and expose the struggles young African-American girls in society experience. On July 26, 2016, \"Variety\" reported that Oprah Winfrey had begun final negotiations to join the film to play Mrs. Which, the eldest of the three Mrs. Ws, celestial beings who help guide the children along their journey. On September 7, 2016, Reese Witherspoon and Mindy Kaling were reported as being in talks to join the film, with Witherspoon to play Mrs. Whatsit, who presents as a chatty, grandmotherly sprite, and Kaling set for the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18343005", "score": "0.9960857", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time", "text": "by the author. On January 10, 2012, Audible released a 50th anniversary edition recorded by Hope Davis. An adaptation by James Sie premiered at the Lifeline Theatre in Chicago in 1990, and returned to the stage in 1998 and 2017. John Glore adapted the novel as a play that premiered in 2010. It was written for six actors playing 12 parts. One actor plays Mrs Whatsit, the Man with Red Eyes, and Camazotz Man. Dr. Kate Murry, Mrs Who, Camazotz Woman, and Aunt Beast also share one performer. The stage adaptation premiered in Costa Mesa, California, with productions in Bethesda,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2892857", "score": "0.9952453", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2003 film)", "text": "along with her peers, teachers, her 10-year-old twin brothers (Munro Chambers, Thomas Chambers), or even with herself. Into this unhappy situation comes a stranger, the mysterious, weirdly dressed Mrs. Whatsit (Alfre Woodard), and her friends Mrs. Who (Alison Elliott) and Mrs. Which (Kate Nelligan). They take Meg, Charles Wallace, and their new friend Calvin O'Keefe (Gregory Smith) via tesseract to other planets, preparing the children for a mission to rescue Dr. Murry from the malevolent \"IT\" on the planet Camazotz. Along the way they ride on the back of a beautiful winged creature (the transformed Mrs. Whatsit), learn about the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9284466", "score": "0.98762345", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "\"continues to make lasting impressions on innocent minds to change what it looks like to be a young black woman\". Alex Hudson of \"Exclaim!\" gave the film a 5 out of 10, saying that it felt \"like a missed opportunity. Rather than a family classic, all we get is a perfectly fine kids movie.\" Vince Mancini of \"Uproxx\" gave the film a negative review, saying, \"...if anything, the trouble with \"Wrinkle\" is that you never really get a sense of DuVernay's personal touch. In fact, it feels a lot like Brad Bird's big budget, equally smarmy 2015 Disney film, \"Tomorrowland\".", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18343016", "score": "0.9842994", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "After returning home, Meg, Charles Wallace, and their dad all reunite and assure that they all love each other. In October 2010, it was announced that Walt Disney Pictures had retained the film rights for the 1962 novel \"A Wrinkle in Time\", by Madeleine L'Engle, which had previously been made as a 2003 television film. Following the financial success of Tim Burton's \"Alice in Wonderland\" (2010), Disney announced that they had hired Jeff Stockwell to write the screenplay for Cary Granat and his new Bedrock Studios. Granat had previously worked with Disney on the \"Chronicles of Narnia\" and \"Bridge to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18343002", "score": "0.9832929", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "the film's visuals and performances, writing, \"Awash in bold colors, bright patterns and ebullient kids, director Ava DuVernay's new take on \"A Wrinkle in Time\" dazzles its way across time and space even if it doesn't quite stick the landing.\" David Ehrlich of IndieWire gave the film a \"C+\" and praised what he described as its ambition, saying: \"It almost doesn't matter that the movie is too emotionally prescriptive to have any real power, or too high on imagination to leave any room for wonder; DuVernay evinces such faith in who she is and what she's doing that \"A Wrinkle", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18343014", "score": "0.9831484", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Meg Murry", "text": "to the novel version in behavior and intelligence. However, the television Meg does not wear glasses, and has a troublesome encounter with a teacher that does not appear in the book. A theatrical adaptation of \"A Wrinkle in Time\" was released on March 9, 2018, by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It stars Storm Reid as Meg. Her ethnicity is changed to biracial and she is picked on by her neighbor and classmate, Veronica. Near the end of the film, she learns to appreciate her own worth. Meg Murry Margaret \"Meg\" Murry O'Keefe is the main character in Madeleine L'Engle's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8760014", "score": "0.97746617", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Meg Murry", "text": "(which is not definitively established in the book or elsewhere), then she is about 15 in \"A Wind in the Door\", about 19 in \"Many Waters\", about 24 in \"A Swiftly Tilting Planet\", about 36 in \"The Arm of the Starfish\", and about 42 as of \"An Acceptable Time\". Reports about the unfinished book about Meg, \"The Eye Begins to See\", place Meg as being in her forties or fifties. A television adaptation of \"A Wrinkle in Time\" was broadcast on ABC in 2003. This Disney production starred Katie Stuart as Meg. The television version of the character is similar", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8760013", "score": "0.9690512", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "month. She became the first woman of color to direct a live-action film with a production budget over $100 million. The decision received positive sentiments in the media industry. Oprah Winfrey was happy to see this because DuVernay herself broke barriers for individuals of color in the film industry. \"So I do imagine, to be a brown-skinned girl of any race throughout the world, looking up on that screen and seeing Storm, I think that is a capital A, capital W, E, some, AWESOME, experience.\" Irene Monroe of \"The Cambridge Day\" expressed her feelings that Ava DuVernay was a superb", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18343004", "score": "0.96789503", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)", "text": "Both attempt to be so broad and universal that they feel disconnected from anything human. But universality doesn't work that way, no matter how much you tell everyone to think like a kid.\" Conner Schwerdtfeger, former entertainment journalist for CinemaBlend, stated that the movie was \"all over the place and underperformed\", but that DuVernay deserves some praise for the attempt at filming the seemingly unfilmable. Sean Mulvihill, actor in \"Living Luminaries: On the Serious Business of Happiness\", stated that the film had no flow, and although some moments \"come alive\" in the film, it could not save it. Todd McCarthy", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18343017", "score": "0.9648246", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "Jack Scanlon" ]

[ { "title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas (film)", "text": "should have informed the authorities of his father's disagreement with the current political regime as it was his duty. The embarrassed Kotler then becomes infuriated with Pavel for accidentally spilling a glass of wine and violently beats him. The next morning the maid, Maria, is seen scrubbing the blood stains. Later that day, Bruno sees Shmuel working in his home. Shmuel is there to clean wine glasses because they needed someone with small hands to do it. Bruno offers him some cake and willingly Shmuel accepts it. Unfortunately, Kotler happens to walk into the room where Bruno and Shmuel are", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12394982", "score": "1.2839706", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas (film)", "text": "of Adolf Hitler. Bruno is confused as the Jews he has seen, in particular the family's Jewish servant Pavel, do not resemble the caricatures in Liszt's teachings. One day, Bruno disobeys his parents and sneaks off into the woods, eventually arriving at an electric barbed wire fence surrounding a camp. He befriends a boy his own age named Shmuel. The pair's lack of knowledge on the true nature of the camp is revealed: Bruno thinks that the striped uniforms that Shmuel, Pavel, and the other prisoners wear are pyjamas and Shmuel believes his grandparents died from an illness during their", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12394980", "score": "1.2261813", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas (film)", "text": "socialising. Kotler is furious and yells at Shmuel for talking to Bruno. In the midst of his scolding, Kotler notices Shmuel chewing the food Bruno gave him. When Kotler asks Shmuel where he got the food, he says Bruno offered the cake, but Bruno, fearful of Kotler, denies this. Believing Bruno, Kotler tells Shmuel that they will have a \"little chat\" later. Distraught, Bruno goes to apologise to Shmuel, but finds him gone. Every day, Bruno returns to the same spot by the camp but does not see Shmuel. Eventually, Shmuel reappears behind the fence, sporting a black eye. Bruno", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12394983", "score": "1.1888435", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas (film)", "text": "gassing is taking place, he cries out his son's name, and Elsa and Gretel fall to their knees in despair and mourn Bruno. The film ends by showing the closed door of the now-silent gas chamber, indicating that all prisoners, including Bruno and Shmuel, are dead. \"The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas\" has a 63% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 135 reviews, with an average rating of 6.2/10. The site's critical consensus reads, \"A touching and haunting family film that deals with the Holocaust in an arresting and unusual manner, and packs a brutal final punch of a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12394987", "score": "1.178511", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas", "text": "this side of the fence, but he is separated from his mother. Bruno and Shmuel talk and become very good friends, although Bruno still does not understand very much about Shmuel and his side of the fence. Nearly every day, unless it's raining, Bruno goes to see Shmuel and sneaks him food. As the meetings go on, and Shmuel gets more and more skinny, Bruno's naïveté is proved, as he never realizes he is living beside a concentration camp. The next day Bruno concocts a plan with Shmuel to sneak into the camp to look for Shmuel's father. Shmuel brings", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7841708", "score": "1.1726604", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas (film)", "text": "apologises and Shmuel forgives him, renewing the friendship. After the funeral of his grandmother who was killed in Berlin by an Allied bombing, Ralf tells Bruno and Gretel that Elsa, their mother, suggests that they go to live with a relative because it is not safe there. In truth, Elsa suggests this because she does not want her children living with their murderous father. Shmuel has problems of his own; his father has gone missing after those with whom he participated in a march did not return to the camp. Bruno decides to redeem himself by helping Shmuel find his", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12394984", "score": "1.1512774", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas", "text": "the novel \"a fine addition to a once taboo area of history, at least where children's literature is concerned. It provides an account of a dreadful episode short on actual horror but packed with overtones that remain in the imagination. Plainly and sometimes archly written, it stays just ahead of its readers before delivering its killer punch in the final pages.\" Ed Wright, writing in \"The Age\" of Melbourne, calls the novel \"a touching tale of an odd friendship between two boys in horrendous circumstances and a reminder of man's capacity for inhumanity\". He felt that \"Bruno's friendship with Shmuel", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7841711", "score": "1.1510079", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas (film)", "text": "missing. Ralf and his men mount a search. Led by a dog tracking Bruno's scent they find his discarded clothing outside the fence. Elsa and Gretel are following along behind. They enter the camp, looking for him; Bruno, Shmuel and the other inmates are stopped inside a changing room and are told to remove their clothes for a \"shower\". They are packed into a gas chamber, where Bruno and Shmuel hold each other's hands. A Schutzstaffel soldier pours some Zyklon B pellets inside, and the prisoners start panicking, yelling and banging on the metal door. When Ralf realises that a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12394986", "score": "1.1460736", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas (film)", "text": "journey to the camp. Bruno starts meeting Shmuel regularly, sneaking him food and playing board games with him. He eventually learns that Shmuel is a Jew and was brought to the camp with his father and mother. One day, Elsa discovers the reality of Ralf's assignment after Lieutenant Kurt Kotler lets slip that the black smoke coming from the camp's chimneys is due to the burning corpses of Jews. She confronts Ralf, disgusted and heartbroken. At dinner that night, Kotler admits that his father had left his family and moved to Switzerland. Upon hearing this, Ralf tells Kotler that he", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12394981", "score": "1.1457233", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas (film)", "text": "The Holocaust drama explores the horror of a World War II Nazi extermination camp through the eyes of two 8-year-old boys; Bruno (Butterfield), the son of the camp's Nazi commandant, and Shmuel (Jack Scanlon), a Jewish inmate.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas", "text": "a set of prison clothes (which look to Bruno like striped pyjamas), and Bruno leaves his own clothes outside the fence. As they search the camp, both children are rounded up along with a group of prisoners on a \"march\". They are forced to remove their clothing and are led into a gas chamber. In the gas chamber, Bruno apologizes to Shmuel for not finding his father and tells Shmuel that he is Bruno's best friend for life. It's unknown if Shmuel answers him, because as soon as the door is closed, the lights go out and all is chaos.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7841709", "score": "1.1406773", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas (film)", "text": "father. The next day, Bruno, who is due to leave that afternoon, dons a striped prisoners' outfit and a cap to cover his unshaven head, and digs under the fence to join Shmuel in the search. Bruno soon discovers the true nature of the camp after seeing the many sick and weak-looking Jews, much to his shock. While searching, the boys are taken on a march with other inmates by Sonderkommandos. At the house, Gretel and Elsa discover Bruno's disappearance. After they discover the open window he went through, Elsa bursts into Ralf's meeting to alert him that Bruno is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12394985", "score": "1.1389518", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Jack Scanlon", "text": "about three possible candidates and paired each with Asa Butterfield for a final audition together. According to Herman: \"Jack and Asa played very well against one another.\" Although \"\"The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas\"\" is Scanlon's feature film debut, he did act before. He appeared in a 10-minute short film title \"\"The Eye of the Butterfly\"\" (which led to him being suggested to the casting director of \"\"The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas\"\") and in a 2007 episode of the \"Peter Serafinowicz Show\". Scanlon also played the younger brother of main character Sean (William Miller) in the 2009 British children's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12557569", "score": "1.1291525", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Asa Butterfield", "text": "Asa Butterfield Asa Maxwell Thornton Farr Butterfield (; born 1 April 1997) is an English actor. He began his acting career at the age of 9 in the television drama \"After Thomas\" (2006) and the comedy film \"Son of Rambow\" (2007). He became known for playing the main character Bruno in the Holocaust film \"The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas\" (2008), for which he received nominations for the British Independent Film Award and the London Film Critics Circle Award for Young British Performer of the Year at the age of 11. He also played the young Mordred in the hit", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12557321", "score": "1.1113234", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas", "text": "to Commandant, and the family has to move to \"Out-With\" because of the orders of \"The Fury\" (Bruno's naïve interpretation of the word \"\"Führer\"\"). Bruno is initially upset about moving to Out-With (in actuality, Auschwitz) and leaving his friends, Daniel, Karl and Martin. From the house at Out-With, Bruno sees a camp in which the prisoners wear striped pyjamas. One day, Bruno decides to explore the strange wire fence. As he walks along the fence, he meets a Jewish boy named Shmuel, who he learns shares his birthday. Shmuel says that his father, grandfather, and brother are with him on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7841707", "score": "1.1079352", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "John Boyne", "text": "2015 Scotiabank Giller Prize. A Heyday/Miramax film adaptation of \"The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas\" was shot in Budapest in mid-2007 and released in late 2008. Directed by Mark Herman, the film stars Asa Butterfield, David Thewlis, Vera Farmiga, Rupert Friend and Sheila Hancock. Other Awards: John Boyne John Boyne (born 30 April 1971) is an Irish novelist. He is the author of eleven novels for adults and five novels for younger readers. His novels are published in over 50 languages. Boyne was born in Dublin, where he still lives. His first short story was published by the \"Sunday Tribune\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8460649", "score": "1.0982348", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Shmuel Rodensky", "text": "Shmuel Rodensky Shmuel Rodensky (, 1902 – 16 July 1989) was a Russian-born Israeli actor whose stage, film, and television career in Israel and West Germany spanned six decades. He immigrated to Mandatory Palestine in 1924 and studied drama at the Eretz Israel Theatre in Tel Aviv. After performing with several theatre companies between 1928 and 1948, he joined Habima Theatre in 1949 and became one of its principal players. He was known as \"the Israeli Laurence Olivier\". In 1968 Rodensky traveled to Hamburg to join the German-language production of \"Fiddler on the Roof\" (titled \"Anatevka\"), playing the lead role", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19378292", "score": "1.0905111", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "David Thewlis", "text": "and the Prisoner of Azkaban\". He did not have to audition as he was director Alfonso Cuarón's first choice for the role. Thewlis reprised the role in four other films in the series. He appeared as an SS Commandant of a Nazi death camp and father of the main character in \"The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas\", which was well received. Other credits include Ridley Scott's \"Kingdom of Heaven\" (2005), Terrence Malick's \"The New World\" (2005), and \"The Omen\" (2006). Thewlis played the late Dr. Michael Aris, husband of Nobel Prize laureate Aung San Suu Kyi of Burma, with Malaysian", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3510215", "score": "1.0692732", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Shmuel Rodensky", "text": "of Tevye the Dairyman. He performed this role more than 1,400 times throughout West Germany and Switzerland. His notable film roles include the lead in the 1968 Israeli film \"Tevye and His Seven Daughters\", Simon Wiesenthal in the 1974 Anglo-German film \"The Odessa File\", and Jethro in the 1974 BBC television miniseries \"Moses the Lawgiver\". He was the recipient of numerous honors in both Israel and West Germany, including the Federal Service Cross from the Federal Republic of Germany and the Israel Prize. Shmuel Rodensky was born in Smorgon, Russia, in 1902. During World War I he fled to Ukraine,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19378293", "score": "1.0682931", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas (film)", "text": "twist.\" On Metacritic, the film has a normalized score of 55 out of 100, based on 28 critics, indicating \"mixed or average reviews\". James Christopher, of \"The Times\", referred to the film as \"a hugely affecting film. Important, too\". Manohla Dargis, of \"The New York Times\", said the film \"trivialized, glossed over, kitsched up, commercially exploited and hijacked [the Holocaust] for a tragedy about a Nazi family\". In the \"Chicago Sun-Times\", Roger Ebert said the film is not a reconstruction of Germany during the war, but is \"about a value system that survives like a virus\". The Boy in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12394988", "score": "1.058342", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas", "text": "However, Bruno is determined that even in chaos, he will never let go of Shmuel's hand. Kathryn Hughes, writing in \"The Guardian\", calls the novel \"a small wonder of a book\". While she comments on \"the oddness of Auschwitz security being so lax that a child prisoner could make a weekly date with the commandant's son without anyone noticing\", she describes the novel as \"something that borders on fable\", arguing that \"Bruno's innocence comes to stand for the willful refusal of all adult Germans to see what was going on under their noses\". Nicholas Tucker, writing in \"The Independent\", calls", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7841710", "score": "1.0559504", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "David Thewlis", "text": "David Thewlis David Wheeler (born 20 March 1963), better known as David Thewlis, is an English actor, director, screenwriter, and author. He first rose to prominence for playing Johnny Fletcher in the film \"Naked\" (1993), for which he won the Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Actor. His most commercially successful roles to date have been of Remus Lupin in the \"Harry Potter\" film series and Sir Patrick Morgan/Ares in \"Wonder Woman\" (2017). Other notable film appearances include \"Dragonheart\" (1996), \"Seven Years in Tibet\" (1997), \"Kingdom of Heaven\" (2005), \"The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas\" (2008), \"War Horse\" (2011), \"The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3510210", "score": "1.0556476", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas", "text": "read other books on the topic — Jerry Spinelli's \"Milkweed\", say, or Anne Frank's diary — may be irritated by the book’s evasions and euphemisms. There is something awkward about the way Boyne manages to disguise, and then to disclose, the historical context\". Scott concludes that \"[T]o mold the Holocaust into an allegory, as Boyne does here with perfectly benign intent, is to step away from its reality\". Rabbi Benjamin Blech offered a historical criticism, contending that the premise of the book and subsequent film – that there could be a child of Shmuel's age in Auschwitz – was impossible,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7841714", "score": "1.0532342", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Shmuel Rodensky", "text": "Habima Theatre in Tel Aviv and became one of that theatre's principal players. He was known as \"the Israeli Laurence Olivier\". At Habima, Rodensky performed a wide variety of dramatic roles, including Iago in \"Othello\" and the cardinal in \"The Deputy\". He also performed satire, as in Ephraim Kishon's 1953 play \"Yiddishpiel\". Rodensky formed several artistic partnerships. He and another Habima actor named Shmuel, Shmuel Segal, created a Yiddish-speaking comedic team called The Shmuliks; they were later joined by a third Habima actor, Shmuel Atzmon. The Three Shmuliks performed in Israel and abroad. In 1985, The Three Shmuliks were part", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19378295", "score": "1.0475739", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Mark Herman", "text": "Mark Herman Mark Herman (born 1954) is an English film director and screenwriter best known for writing and directing the 2008 film \"The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas\". Herman was born in Bridlington, East Riding of Yorkshire, England. He was educated at Woodleigh School, North Yorkshire and thereafter at Sedbergh School and Bridlington Grammar School, Bridlington. Aged 27, he was late entering the film industry, studying Art at Hull Art College before taking up animation at Leeds Polytechnic, now Leeds Beckett University, from where he progressed to the National Film and Television School. There, he moved away from animation and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7452353", "score": "1.0429814", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Shmuel Shilo", "text": "Shmuel Shilo Shmuel Shilo or Shmulik Shiloh (, 1 December 1929 – 4 October 2011) was an Israeli actor, director and producer, born in the Second Polish Republic, and best remembered for his role on the Israeli production of Rechov SumSum, a popular TV show based on Sesame Street. In 1983 he founded the Negev Theatre and served as its creative director for fifteen years. Shmuel Shilo was born in Łuck, eastern Poland (now Lutsk, Ukraine). Following the Nazi-Soviet invasion of Poland and the creation of the Łuck Ghetto by the German occupation authorities in December 1941,<ref name=\"geni/Lutsk\">Dr Pawel Goldstein,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15961645", "score": "1.0344412", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Shmuel Rodensky", "text": "resided in the city. Rodensky's recordings include: Shmuel Rodensky Shmuel Rodensky (, 1902 – 16 July 1989) was a Russian-born Israeli actor whose stage, film, and television career in Israel and West Germany spanned six decades. He immigrated to Mandatory Palestine in 1924 and studied drama at the Eretz Israel Theatre in Tel Aviv. After performing with several theatre companies between 1928 and 1948, he joined Habima Theatre in 1949 and became one of its principal players. He was known as \"the Israeli Laurence Olivier\". In 1968 Rodensky traveled to Hamburg to join the German-language production of \"Fiddler on the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19378302", "score": "1.0242639", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas", "text": "The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas is a 2006 Holocaust novel by Irish novelist John Boyne. Unlike the months of planning Boyne devoted to his other books, he said that he wrote the entire first draft of\" The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas\" in two and a half days, barely sleeping until he got to the end. He did, however, commit to nearly 20 years of research, reading and researching about the Holocaust as a teenager before the idea for the novel even came to him. As of March 2010, the novel had sold", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7841705", "score": "1.011665", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Shmuel Rodensky", "text": "last play in which Rodensky acted was \"The Spine\", which premiered on January 10, 1988 at the Habima Theatre. He played the role of Dr. Willy. The production ran for only seven performances and then was closed in deference to Rodensky's illness. Rodensky died the following year. Rodensky first appeared on screen in the 1935 Israeli film \"Zot Hi Ha'aretz\" (\"This is the Land\"). He was cast as Reb Pinchas in the Israeli film \"Shnei Kuni Lemel\" (\"The Flying Matchmaker\"), which was the Israeli entry for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 1966. Other notable roles included", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19378299", "score": "0.99062574", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Basil Langton", "text": "in the murder scene\"; he understudied the star in the title role. In 1936 he was cast as Dolabella in Theodore Komisarjevsky's staging of \"Antony and Cleopatra\". In the same year he played Eliah opposite the exiled German star Elizabeth Bergner in the title role in J. M. Barrie's \"The Boy David\". In 1938 he played the lead in the London premiere of Clifford Odets's \"Awake and Sing\", and for Michel Saint-Denis he appeared in Mikhail Bulgakov's \"The White Guard\" with Michael Redgrave and Peggy Ashcroft in 1938. He played Sebastian to Ashcroft's Viola in \"Twelfth Night\" in the same", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14954203", "score": "0.9899102", "original_retrieval_index": 32 } ]

[ "blue" ]

[ { "title": "Emergency Response Guidebook", "text": "page (uncolored) borders, provides the following: Emergency Response Guidebook The Emergency Response Guidebook: \"A Guidebook for First Responders During the Initial Phase of a Dangerous Goods/Hazardous Materials Transportation Incident\" (ERG) is used by emergency response personnel (such as firefighters,Paramedics and police officers) in Canada, Mexico, and the United States when responding to a transportation emergency involving hazardous materials. First responders in Argentina, Brazil, and Colombia have recently begun using the ERG as well. It is produced by the United States Department of Transportation, Transport Canada, and the Secretariat of Communications and Transportation (Mexico). The principal authors of the ERG are", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5459676", "score": "0.99074423", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Emergency Response Guidebook", "text": "water\"; \"highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin\"; etc. Next this section includes information for responders on appropriate protective clothing and possible evacuation information for either spill or fire is given. It also includes information on fighting fires (example, do not apply water to sodium), warnings for spills or leaks, and special directions for first aid (example, not to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation if the materials are toxic). In the event of an unknown material, Guide #111 should be followed until more information becomes available. The fifth section, with green page borders, suggests initial evacuation or", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5459674", "score": "0.94313216", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Emergency Response Guidebook", "text": "of its name and identifies the appropriate guide number to reference in the Orange Section). Items highlighted in green in this section will also have evacuation distances included in the Green Section. The fourth section, with orange page borders, includes the actual response guides. Each of the 62 guides provides safety recommendations and directions on how to proceed during the initial response phase (first thirty minutes) of the incident. It includes \"health\" and \"fire or explosion\" potential hazard information (with the more dangerous hazard listed first). For example, \"the material gives off irritating vapors, easily ignited by heat, reactive with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5459673", "score": "0.9306241", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Emergency Response Guidebook", "text": "Emergency Response Guidebook The Emergency Response Guidebook: \"A Guidebook for First Responders During the Initial Phase of a Dangerous Goods/Hazardous Materials Transportation Incident\" (ERG) is used by emergency response personnel (such as firefighters,Paramedics and police officers) in Canada, Mexico, and the United States when responding to a transportation emergency involving hazardous materials. First responders in Argentina, Brazil, and Colombia have recently begun using the ERG as well. It is produced by the United States Department of Transportation, Transport Canada, and the Secretariat of Communications and Transportation (Mexico). The principal authors of the ERG are Transport Canada's Michel Cloutier and U.S.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5459668", "score": "0.90628374", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Chlorofluorocarbon", "text": "(1-1=0). It is therefore CClF. Another equation that can be applied to get the correct molecular formula of the CFC/R/Freon class compounds is this to take the numbering and add 90 to it. The resulting value will give the number of carbons as the first numeral, the second numeral gives the number of hydrogen atoms, and the third numeral gives the number of fluorine atoms. The rest of the unaccounted carbon bonds are occupied by chlorine atoms. The value of this equation is always a three figure number. An easy example is that of CFC-12, which gives: 90+12=102 -> 1", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "656205", "score": "0.8751432", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Chemical nomenclature", "text": "is written SF. A few compounds, however, have common names that prevail. HO, for example, is usually called \"water\" rather than \"dihydrogen monoxide\", and NH is preferentially called \"ammonia\" rather than \"hydrogen nitride\". This naming method generally follows established IUPAC organic nomenclature. Hydrides of the main group elements (groups 13–17) are given -ane base name, e.g. borane (BH), oxidane (HO), phosphane (PH) (Although the name \"phosphine\" is also in common use, it is not recommended by IUPAC). The compound PCl would thus be named substitutively as trichlorophosphane (with chlorine \"substituting\"). However, not all such names (or stems) are derived from", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6445910", "score": "0.8736753", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Emergency Response Guidebook", "text": "Caso de Emergencia). In 1996 it was published as the North American Emergency Response Guidebook, but by the next publication in 2000 \"North American\" was removed due to its use by several South American countries). The ERG \"is primarily a guide to aid first responders in quickly identifying the specific or generic hazards of the material(s) involved in the incident, and protecting themselves and the general public during the initial response phase of the incident\" and should only be used for the \"initial response phase\" (\"that period following arrival at the scene of an incident during which the presence and/or", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5459670", "score": "0.8713455", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Spectral Database for Organic Compounds", "text": "following parameters: chemical name (is possible to request partial or full matching), molecular formula, number of different types of atoms present in the molecule (as a single value or as a range of values), molecular weight (as a single value or as a range of values), CAS Registry Number or SDBS number. In all cases “%” or “*” can be used as wildcards. The result of the search includes all the available spectra for the search parameters entered. Results can be sorted by molecular weight, number of carbons or SDBS number in ascending or descending order. If a spectrum of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12746103", "score": "0.8650373", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Chemistry", "text": "its elements. The standard nomenclature of compounds is set by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). Organic compounds are named according to the organic nomenclature system. The names for inorganic compounds are created according to the inorganic nomenclature system. When a compound has more than one component, then they are divided into two classes, the electropositive and the electronegative components. In addition the Chemical Abstracts Service has devised a method to index chemical substances. In this scheme each chemical substance is identifiable by a number known as its CAS registry number. A \"molecule\" is the smallest indivisible", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "61350", "score": "0.86427337", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Emergency Response Guidebook", "text": "The third section, with blue page borders, references the material in alphabetical order of its name and identifies the appropriate guide number to reference in the Orange Section). Items highlighted in green in this section will also have evacuation distances included in the Green Section.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Cycloalkane", "text": "room for an additional numerical prefix if there is the need to include details of other attachments to the molecule such as chlorine or a methyl group. Another convention for the naming of compounds is the \"common name\", which is a shorter name and it gives less information about the compound. An example of a common name is terpineol, the name of which can tell us only that it is an alcohol (because the suffix \"-ol\" is in the name) and it should then have a hydroxy (–OH) group attached to it. An example of the IUPAC method is given", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1736112", "score": "0.8618072", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Ingredients of cosmetics", "text": "put an end to this practice. In many countries colors in cosmetics are listed as numbers from the Colour Index International. The scheme covers colors used in food, personal care products, cosmetics, household products and fabric dyeing. For example, tartrazine is not normally listed as such in lipstick ingredients, but as C.I. 19140. Erythrosine will be listed as C.I. 45430, and so on. In US and Canada colors are listed as FD & C colors. Tartrazine (E102) is FD & C Yellow 5 and erythrosine (E127) is FD & C Red 3. Strong red colors for eye products have been", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9578456", "score": "0.8611655", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Organoantimony chemistry", "text": "but substituted derivatives known as stiboles are known. Distibines have a Sb-Sb single bond and are of some interest as thermochromic materials. For example, tetramethyldistibine is a colorless as a gas, yellow as a liquid, red as solid just below the melting point of 18.5 °C and again yellow well below the melting point. Organoantimony chemistry Organoantimony chemistry is the chemistry of compounds containing a carbon to antimony (Sb) chemical bond. Relevant oxidation states are Sb(V) and Sb(III). The toxicity of antimony limits practical application in organic chemistry. Antimony compounds of the type RSb (stiboranes) can be synthesised from trivalent", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13483674", "score": "0.8609315", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Chemical nomenclature", "text": "of technical terms used in chemistry. Similar compendia exist for biochemistry (the \"White Book\", in association with the IUBMB), analytical chemistry (the \"Orange Book\"), macromolecular chemistry (the \"Purple Book\") and clinical chemistry (the \"Silver Book\"). These \"color books\" are supplemented by shorter recommendations for specific circumstances that are published periodically in the journal \"Pure and Applied Chemistry\". The primary function of chemical nomenclature is to ensure that a spoken or written chemical name leaves no ambiguity concerning which chemical compound the name refers to: each chemical name should refer to a single substance. A less important aim is to ensure", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6445893", "score": "0.85246193", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Phosphorus", "text": "red and white phosphorus were designated by the United States Drug Enforcement Administration as List I precursor chemicals under 21 CFR 1310.02 effective on November 17, 2001. In the United States, handlers of red or white phosphorus are subject to stringent regulatory controls. Phosphorus Phosphorus is a chemical element with symbol P and atomic number 15. Elemental phosphorus exists in two major forms, white phosphorus and red phosphorus, but because it is highly reactive, phosphorus is never found as a free element on Earth. It has a concentration in the Earth's crust of about one gram per kilogram (compare copper", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "313281", "score": "0.84980625", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "ISO 22324", "text": "following table. Black and purple can be used to indicate special cases of danger i.e. red color code, thus supporting information such as text (recommended color shown in table above) is also recommended. An example is the sequence black-red-yellow-green, used in triage tag in most part of the world. The Annex B (informational) of the standard gives recommended selection of color for above-defined color codes. Each color code has saturated and unsaturated cases, both defined in Munsell, CMYK, and RGB systems. ISO 22324 ISO 22324 \"Societal security — Emergency management — Guidelines for colour-coded alerts\" is the international standard to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18854333", "score": "0.8473184", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry", "text": "in which case the positions of substituents are numbered around the ring structure. For example, the three isomers of xylene CHCHCH, commonly the \"ortho-\", \"meta-\", and \"para-\" forms, are 1,2-dimethylbenzene, 1,3-dimethylbenzene, and 1,4-dimethylbenzene. The cyclic structures can also be treated as functional groups themselves, in which case they take the prefix \"cyclo\"alkyl\"-\" (e.g. \"cyclohexyl-\") or for benzene, \"phenyl-\". The IUPAC nomenclature scheme becomes rapidly more elaborate for more complex cyclic structures, with notation for compounds containing conjoined rings, and many common names such as phenol being accepted as base names for compounds derived from them. When compounds contain more than", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2773206", "score": "0.84717286", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Chemical compound", "text": "for the chemical elements, and subscripts to indicate the number of atoms involved. For example, water is composed of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom: the chemical formula is HO. In the case of non-stoichiometric compounds, the proportions may be reproducible with regard to their preparation, and give fixed proportions of their component elements, but proportions that are not integral [e.g., for palladium hydride, PdH (0.02 < x < 0.58)]. Chemical compounds have a unique and defined chemical structure held together in a defined spatial arrangement by chemical bonds. Chemical compounds can be molecular compounds held together by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12981518", "score": "0.84704155", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Emergency Response Guidebook", "text": "DOT's George Cushmac. The ERG is primarily applicable for hazardous materials transported by highway and railway, but also is applicable for materials transported by air or waterway, as well as by pipeline. It was first issued by the US Department of Transportation in 1973, but later became a joint publication of the Department of Transportation (US DOT), Transport Canada (TC), and the Secretariat of Communications and Transportation (SCT) of Mexico, with collaboration with the Chemistry Information Center for Emergencies (CIQUIME) of Argentina. The ERG is issued every 4 years, with editions now being published in Spanish (Guía de Respuesta en", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5459669", "score": "0.84521353", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Chemical compound", "text": "indicate the number of atoms involved. For example, water is composed of two hydrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom: the chemical formula is HO. Many chemical compounds have a unique numerical identifier assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS): its CAS number. A compound can be converted to a different chemical composition by interaction with a second chemical compound via a chemical reaction. In this process, bonds between atoms are broken in both of the interacting compounds, and then bonds are reformed so that new associations are made between atoms. Any substance consisting of two or more different types", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12981516", "score": "0.8430971", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Erythrosine", "text": "Erythrosine Erythrosine, also known as Red No. 3, is an organoiodine compound, specifically a derivative of fluorone. It is cherry or melon-pink synthetic, primarily used for food coloring. It is the disodium salt of 2,4,5,7-tetraiodofluorescein. Its maximum absorbance is at 530 nm in an aqueous solution, and it is subject to photodegradation. It is used as a: Erythrosine is commonly used in sweets such as some candies and popsicles, and even more widely used in cake-decorating gels. It is also used to color pistachio shells. As a food additive, it has the E number E127. As a result of efforts", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5406651", "score": "0.8376707", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Chemical substance", "text": "the mild pain-killer Naproxen is the more common name for the chemical compound (S)-6-methoxy-α-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid. Chemists frequently refer to chemical compounds using chemical formulae or molecular structure of the compound. There has been a phenomenal growth in the number of chemical compounds being synthesized (or isolated), and then reported in the scientific literature by professional chemists around the world. An enormous number of chemical compounds are possible through the chemical combination of the known chemical elements. As of May 2011, about sixty million chemical compounds are known. The names of many of these compounds are often nontrivial and hence not", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9786650", "score": "0.83581764", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Chemical warfare", "text": "organophosphate compounds (organophosphate esters of substituted aminoethanethiols), for use as a pesticide. In 1954, ICI put one of them on the market under the trade name Amiton. It was subsequently withdrawn, as it was too toxic for safe use. The toxicity did not go unnoticed, and samples of it were sent to the research facility at Porton Down for evaluation. After the evaluation was complete, several members of this class of compounds were developed into a new group of much more lethal nerve agents, the V agents. The best-known of these is probably VX, assigned the UK Rainbow Code \"Purple", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "603726", "score": "0.835337", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Dangerous goods", "text": "or chemicals, or may have other characteristics that render them hazardous in specific circumstances. In the United States, dangerous goods are often indicated by diamond-shaped signage on the item (see NFPA 704), its container, or the building where it is stored. The color of each diamond indicates its hazard, e.g., flammable is indicated with red, because fire and heat are generally of red color, and explosive is indicated with orange, because mixing red (flammable) with yellow (oxidizing agent) creates orange. A nonflammable or nontoxic gas is indicated with green, because all compressed air vessels are this color in France after", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4556252", "score": "0.83410096", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Organic compound", "text": "compounds. Organic compounds can also be classified or subdivided by the presence of heteroatoms, e.g., organometallic compounds, which feature bonds between carbon and a metal, and organophosphorus compounds, which feature bonds between carbon and a phosphorus. Another distinction, based on the size of organic compounds, distinguishes between small molecules and polymers. Natural compounds refer to those that are produced by plants or animals. Many of these are still extracted from natural sources because they would be more expensive to produce artificially. Examples include most sugars, some alkaloids and terpenoids, certain nutrients such as vitamin B, and, in general, those natural", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "297735", "score": "0.82994133", "original_retrieval_index": 33 }, { "title": "Chemical compound", "text": "Chemical compound A chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) composed of atoms from more than one element held together by chemical bonds. A chemical element bonded to an identical chemical element is not a chemical compound since only one element, not two different elements, is involved. There are four types of compounds, depending on how the constituent atoms are held together: A chemical formula is a way of expressing information about the proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound, using the standard abbreviations for the chemical elements, and subscripts to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12981515", "score": "0.8299138", "original_retrieval_index": 34 }, { "title": "Color of chemicals", "text": "Lycopene is a classic example of a compound with extensive conjugation (11 conjugated double bonds), giving rise to an intense red color (lycopene is responsible for the color of tomatoes). Charge-transfer complexes tend to have very intense colors for different reasons. It is important to note, however, that elemental colors will vary depending on what they are complexed with, often as well as their chemical state. An example with vanadium(III); VCl has a distinctive reddish hue, whilst VO appears black. Predicting the color of a compound can be extremely complicated. Some examples include: A variety of colors, often similar to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1979287", "score": "0.828964", "original_retrieval_index": 35 }, { "title": "Tin", "text": "are however well known, e.g. tributyltin hydride (Sn(CH)H). These compound release transient tributyl tin radicals, which are rare examples of compounds of tin(III). Organotin compounds, sometimes called stannanes, are chemical compounds with tin–carbon bonds. Of the compounds of tin, the organic derivatives are the most useful commercially. Some organotin compounds are highly toxic and have been used as biocides. The first organotin compound to be reported was diethyltin diiodide ((CH)SnI), reported by Edward Frankland in 1849. Most organotin compounds are colorless liquids or solids that are stable to air and water. They adopt tetrahedral geometry. Tetraalkyl- and tetraaryltin compounds can", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "406025", "score": "0.82895947", "original_retrieval_index": 36 }, { "title": "Organoxenon compound", "text": "Organoxenon compound Organoxenon compounds in organic chemistry contain carbon to xenon chemical bonds. The first organoxenon compounds were divalent, such as (CF)Xe. The first tetravalent organoxenon compound, [CFXeF][BF], was synthesized in 2004. So far, more than one hundred organoxenon compounds have been researched. Most of the organoxenon compounds are more unstable than xenon fluorides due to the high polarity. The molecular dipoles of xenon difluoride and xenon tetrafluoride are both 0 D. The early synthesized ones only contain perfluoro groups, but later some other groups were found, e.g. 2,4,6-trifluorophenyl. The most common bivalent organoxenon compound is CFXeF, which is always", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15873763", "score": "0.8275002", "original_retrieval_index": 37 }, { "title": "Chemical substance", "text": "combined into one substance through a chemical reaction form a chemical compound. All compounds are substances, but not all substances are compounds. A chemical compound can be either atoms bonded together in molecules or crystals in which atoms, molecules or ions form a crystalline lattice. Compounds based primarily on carbon and hydrogen atoms are called organic compounds, and all others are called inorganic compounds. Compounds containing bonds between carbon and a metal are called organometallic compounds. Compounds in which components share electrons are known as covalent compounds. Compounds consisting of oppositely charged ions are known as ionic compounds, or salts.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9786641", "score": "0.82561016", "original_retrieval_index": 38 } ]

[ "2015" ]

[ { "title": "1991 World Series", "text": "last at-bat. The same thing would also happen in the 1997 World Series when the Florida Marlins would beat the Cleveland Indians in the eleventh inning of Game 7. (Game 7 of the 2016 World Series also went to extra innings, when the visiting Chicago Cubs defeated the Cleveland Indians in 10 innings.) This game set a World Series record for the longest scoreless tie in Game 7. Only one other World Series game went longer without a run being scored (Game 6 of the 1956 World Series went to two outs in the bottom of the 10th before the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3952671", "score": "1.0361028", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "1912 World Series", "text": "be decided in the last inning of the final game. It was also the first Series where a team within one inning of losing came back to win. The next time a team that close to elimination recovered to win was the 1985 World Series, when the Kansas City Royals rallied in the bottom of the ninth to beat the St. Louis Cardinals in Game 6, then won Game 7 and the championship. Other World Series that have ended with a Game 7 (or in this case Game 8, due to the tie) going to extra innings include the Series", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4341639", "score": "1.0349739", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "1978 World Series", "text": "now tied for first place with twenty games remaining for New York went in their last 68 scheduled games, but lost on the final day to Cleveland to finish the regular season in a dead-heat with Boston at . The Yanks had to travel to Fenway for the one-game playoff on Monday, October 2. Down 2–0 after six innings, they won , made famous by light-hitting Bucky Dent's clutch three-run homer in the seventh inning (his fifth of the year). Ron Guidry won his 25th game (against only three losses) and Goose Gossage recorded the last eight outs for his", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4171614", "score": "1.0301595", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "1981 World Series", "text": "was as effective as Guidry, holding the Yanks to five hits and the lone run and going the distance. A tense moment occurred in the eighth when Goose Gossage beaned Ron Cey. Cey had to be helped off the field with a concussion, but was cleared to play Game 6 after it was delayed one day by rain. This was the latest-ending World Series by calendar date up to that time (surpassing the 1911 Series, which ended on October 26). Originally scheduled for Tuesday, October 27, Game 6 was delayed a day by rain. This allowed Bob Lemon to start", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4169801", "score": "1.0167379", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "2007 Major League Baseball season", "text": "collapse for a leading team in baseball history, with the Mets squandering a 7-game lead with 17 to play, losing on the final day of the regular season, and the Philadelphia Phillies capturing the National League East for the first time since 1993. This is also the last postseason to date to not feature either World Series participant from the year before (as the St. Louis Cardinals and the Detroit Tigers, who contested the 2006 World Series, both failed to qualify). The season ended on October 28, with the Boston Red Sox sweeping the 2007 World Series over the Rockies,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9663848", "score": "1.0078782", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "1912 World Series", "text": "decided by two runs. Game 7 was the only one with a margin greater than three runs. Two games, including the decisive Game 8, went to extra innings. In Games 1 and 3, the losing team had the tying and winning runs on base when the game ended. This was one of only four World Series to go to eight games, and the only best-of-seven Series to do so. While the 1912 Series was extended to eight games due to a tie game being called on account of darkness, the , , and 1921 World Series were all best-of-nine affairs", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4341608", "score": "1.0061667", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "2017 World Series", "text": "first time since the 1931 World Series that a Game 7 occurred in a Series with both teams having won at least 100 games during the season. Besides, this was the first time since the 2001 World Series and 2002 World Series that back-to-back Fall Classics had a Game 7. The starting pitchers for this game were the same as in the third game: McCullers and Darvish. Springer doubled to open the game and scored the first run on an error by Bellinger, which allowed Bregman to reach second base. Bregman stole third base and scored on an Altuve groundout.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19533478", "score": "0.99478847", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "1950 World Series", "text": "of the World Series. In what would be the last postseason game ever played in Shibe Park, 20-game winner Robin Roberts and Allie Reynolds both pitched outstanding baseball for nine innings, as strong pitching and stout defense again prevailed in the Series. Gene Woodling drove in Jerry Coleman, who walked with two outs and moved to second on a single, with an RBI single for a Yankee run in the second, and Richie Ashburn's sacrifice fly scored Mike Goliat from third in the fifth, forcing a 1–1 tie which held up through nine full innings. This set the stage for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4341799", "score": "0.9864868", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "1926 World Series", "text": "and 1964 (which the Cardinals won in seven games). As for the Yankees, Game 7 of the 1926 series marked the last postseason loss for the team in a decade. The Bronx Bombers would go on to sweep their next three World Series, 1927, 1928, and 1932. Their next World Series loss would be Game 1 of the 1936 World Series which the Yankees would eventually win 4 games to 2. 1926 World Series The 1926 World Series, the 23rd playing of Major League Baseball's championship series, pitted the National League champion St. Louis Cardinals against the American League champion", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4342038", "score": "0.9857708", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "2015 World Series", "text": "The 2015 World Series was the championship series of Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2015 season. The 111th edition of the World Series, it was a best-of-seven playoff between the National League (NL) champion New York Mets and the American League (AL) champion Kansas City Royals. The series was played between October 27 and November 1, with the Royals winning the series 4 games to 1. It was the first time since the 2010 World Series that the World Series extended into November. The Royals became the first team since the Oakland Athletics in the 1989 World Series to win the", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "2011 World Series", "text": "same game. The Rangers failed to score in the top of the 11th, bringing David Freese to lead off the bottom of the inning. Freese hit Mark Lowe's 3–2 pitch into the grass of the center field batter's eye for a game-winning home run, forcing the World Series to a Game 7 for the first time since . Of the last 13 instances in which a Major League team won a Game 6 at home to force a Game 7 in the postseason, all but two went on to win Game 7. The exceptions were the New York Mets in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14578046", "score": "0.98507065", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "1964 World Series", "text": "race among the Cardinals, San Francisco Giants, Philadelphia Phillies, and Cincinnati Reds, the Phillies appeared to have the pennant in hand as they built a game lead with 12 games to play. But they proceeded to lose 10 straight games. With two games remaining, four teams still had a mathematical chance to win the pennant. The Giants were the first to be eliminated when they lost on October 3 to the Cubs, 10–7. The Cardinals lost to the lowly Mets, 15–5, while the Phillies ended their 10-game losing streak with a 4–3 win over the Reds. Going into the last", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3960926", "score": "0.98020387", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "1977 World Series", "text": "The Yankees pushed across two runs each in the seventh and eighth; the two runs in the eighth coming on back-to-back homers by Thurman Munson and Reggie Jackson. Nevertheless, Dodger starting pitcher Don Sutton pitched a complete game for the win. Jackson's shot in the eighth came on the first pitch from Sutton, setting the stage for a memorable finale. Game 6, shifted the series back to New York, where 56,407 fans filled Yankee Stadium. Steve Garvey put the Dodgers on the board first with a two-out, two-run triple in the first off Mike Torrez. The Yankees came back and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4171740", "score": "0.9783187", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "1926 World Series", "text": "of the series, and with it the world championship. In Game 7, the Yankees, trailing 3–2 in the bottom of the ninth inning and down to their last out, Ruth walked, bringing up Bob Meusel. Ruth, successful in half of his stolen base attempts in his career, took off for second base on the first pitch. Meusel swung and missed, and catcher Bob O'Farrell threw to second baseman Hornsby who tagged Ruth out, ending Game 7 and thereby crowning his Cardinals World Series champions for the first time. The 1926 World Series is the only Series to date which ended", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4341976", "score": "0.9755911", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "2011 St. Louis Cardinals season", "text": "last 13 Major League teams that won Game 6 at home to force a Game 7 in the postseason, 12 went on to win Game 7. The Rangers led 4 different times in the game, including with two outs and two strikes in both the ninth and the 10th, but the Cardinals refused to die. Freese's game-winning home run was only the fifth in World Series Game 6 history (1960-Pit., 1975-Bos., 1991-Min., 1993-Tor). The Cardinals set two records in their Game 6 win: the first team to come back twice from deficits in both the 9th and 10th innings, and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14922524", "score": "0.97506297", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "2014 World Series", "text": "season. It was the first Series in history in which at least five games were decided by five or more runs. It was the third World Series to end in Game 7 with the tying run on third base, after 1946 and 1962. The Giants became the first road team to win Game 7 of the World Series since the 1979 Pirates, ending a string of nine straight home team victories in the deciding game. The Giants were also the first team to come back to win Game 7 after losing Game 6 since the 1997 Marlins as well as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16873918", "score": "0.97321725", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "1991 World Series", "text": "series-deciding seventh game was a scoreless tie (0–0) through the regular nine innings, and went into extra innings; Minnesota won the seventh game by a score of 1-0 in the 10th inning, with their starting pitcher, Jack Morris, pitching all ten innings. (Morris was named Most Valuable Player for the Series.) With 69 innings in total, the 1991 World Series shares the record for longest seven-game World Series ever, in terms of innings, with 1924 (some early series were best-of-nine contests or contained tie games; 1912 logged the most innings ever, at 75). The 1991 World Series was notable for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3952613", "score": "0.97152877", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "1964 World Series", "text": "by recently called up pitcher Mel Stottlemyre (who went 9–3), and helped by the post trade deadline acquisition of relief pitcher Pedro Ramos (2–0 with seven saves for New York) from Cleveland, the Yankees went 27–8 to take a game lead with five to play. After losing two games in Detroit, the Yankees clinched the pennant on the next-to-last day of the season with an 8–3 win over the Indians. The Cardinals were coming off a second-place finish in 1963, and their road to the World Series was even more dramatic than that of the Yankees. After a season-long four-way", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3960925", "score": "0.9713912", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "1959 World Series", "text": "the next year with 12 against the Pittsburgh Pirates in the 1960 World Series.) The Dodgers became the second National League team to win a World Series after relocating (the 1957 Milwaukee Braves being the first). The Dodgers became the first team to go from 7th place in one season to World Champion the next. The 1959 World Series was the last one for Comiskey Park, and the only one for Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum. The White Sox would move into U.S. Cellular Field, originally \"New Comiskey\", in 1991; the Dodgers would move into Dodger Stadium in 1962. This was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4341872", "score": "0.9712744", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "1911 World Series", "text": "on the West Coast). With the sixth and final game being played on October 26, this was also the latest-ending World Series by calendar date until the 1981 Series. With a perfect top of the first, Christy Mathewson set the record with 28 straight shutout innings in World Series play, a record that would be broken by Boston Red Sox Babe Ruth with 29 2/3 innings in the 1918 World Series. Mathewson's postseason record for consecutive scoreless innings against one team would not be broken until 2013 when the Detroit Tigers' Justin Verlander shut out the Athletics (now playing in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4341602", "score": "0.9710342", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "1970 World Series", "text": "Series where a team leading 3–0 in the series would fail to complete the sweep by losing game 4 but still win game 5 to win the series. 1910 and 1937 were the others. This was the last World Series until 2017 in which both participating teams won over 100 games during the regular season. The Baltimore Orioles won the American League East division by 15 games over the New York Yankees and the Cincinnati Reds won the National League West division by games over the Los Angeles Dodgers. Coming into the World Series, the Orioles had won 14 straight", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4172027", "score": "0.9703895", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "1992 National League Championship Series", "text": "by Pirates left fielder Barry Bonds. The Braves would go on to lose to the Toronto Blue Jays in the World Series in six games. The Braves were attempting to return to the World Series one year after their dramatic seven-game loss to the Minnesota Twins. Atlanta featured largely the same lineup that had won the 1991 pennant, but they still fell into a tie for last place, seven games behind the Giants, by the end of May. However, Atlanta went 19–6 in June and 16–9 in July and pulled away from the rest of the NL West by winning", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6380283", "score": "0.96851695", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "2016 World Series", "text": "has been awarded to the team with the better record. The Cubs defeated the Indians when they won 4 games to 3 to win their first World Series since 1908. Game 7, an 8–7 victory in extra innings, marked the fifth time that a Game 7 had gone past nine innings and the first since 1997 (which, coincidentally, also featured the Indians). It was also the first to have a rain delay which occurred as the tenth inning was about to start. The Cubs became the sixth team to come back from a 3-1 deficit to win a best-of-seven World", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18801350", "score": "0.96732974", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "1912 World Series", "text": "of , , , and . Other World Series won by the home team in its last at-bat in a Game 7 include the Series of 1924, , 1991, 1997, and . The 1913 \"Spalding's Official Baseball Guide\" said of the 1912 World Series, \"No individual, whether player, manager, owner, critic or spectator, who went through the world's series of 1912 ever will forget it. There never was another like it. Years may elapse before there shall be a similar series and it may be that the next to come will be equally sensational, perhaps more so.\" 1912 World Series", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4341640", "score": "0.9669533", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Extra innings", "text": "the Angels lost the game. The series returned to Boston and the Angels were outscored a combined 18–5 in games 6 and 7 to lose the pennant. The 1986 World Series between the New York Mets and Boston Red Sox went into extra innings in Game 6 as well. The Red Sox scored 2 runs in the top of the 10th inning to take a 5–3 lead and then got two quick outs with no one on base in the bottom of the 10th. With the Red Sox one out away from their first world championship in 68 years, reliever", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3073596", "score": "0.9663478", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "World Series", "text": "now-Los Angeles Dodgers four times, losing to them in a four-game sweep in 1963, beating them back-to-back in 1977 and 1978 and losing to them in 1981). An all-New York Series did not recur until 2000, when the Yankees defeated the New York Mets in five games. The last World Series played entirely in one ballpark was the 1944 \"Streetcar Series\" between the St. Louis Cardinals and the St. Louis Browns. The Cardinals won in six games, all held in their shared home, Sportsman's Park. The 1989 World Series, sometimes called the \"Bay Bridge Series\" or the \"BART Series\" (after", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13544799", "score": "0.96629053", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "1956 World Series", "text": "in World Series history by defeating the Baltimore Orioles in five games. The Yankees won the Series in seven games, 4–3, capturing their seventeenth championship. Brooklyn won Games 1 and 2, but New York pitchers threw five consecutive complete games (Games 3–7) to cap off the comeback. The highlight was Don Larsen's perfect game in Game 5. Larsen was named the Series MVP for his achievement. The Dodgers scored 19 runs in the first two games, but only 6 in the remaining five games, with just one in the final three games. This was the last World Series to date", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4271706", "score": "0.96595216", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "1983 World Series", "text": "an insurance run in the seventh on an RBI single by Dauer, who would collect three hits and three RBIs. The Phillies would get no closer than a single run in the ninth, as Tippy Martinez got his second save of the series. The crowd of 66,947 in Veterans Stadium was the biggest for the World Series since Game 3 in New York in 1964. This is the last World Series game with a scheduled daytime start actually played in the sunshine. Games 6 of the 1987 World Series (last World Series game with a daytime start) was played indoors.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3982193", "score": "0.9658861", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "1912 World Series", "text": "that the Boston players, angry that they didn't get a cut from the gate receipts for Game 2 and further alienated by O'Brien's Game 6 start, bet on the Giants to make their losses good. Whatever went down, the Series was tied three games apiece, setting up a decisive Game 8 for the championship. The location of this game was determined by a coin flip, which the Red Sox won. Because this game was scheduled at the last minute as a makeup of the Game 2 tie, and due as well to the game-fixing rumors and the Royal Rooters' boycott,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4341630", "score": "0.96508276", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "2003 World Series", "text": "by Juan Encarnación just inches away from a home run and Hideki Matsui on a ground ball to first base to preserve the Marlins win. This would be the seventh and final World Series game at what was then Pro Player Stadium; the Marlins would continue to play at the stadium until the end of the 2011 Major League Baseball season. This was the first of two consecutive games in this World Series to mark the final World Series game in its respective park. This game also marked the first time in MLB history that 1st inning runs had been", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2235387", "score": "0.9639577", "original_retrieval_index": 28 } ]

[ "Fred Ott", "Edison" ]

[ { "title": "Gesundheit radio", "text": "supposedly to protect early microprocessors from dust and ensure a longer life for the device. The artists suggest that this feature is at odds with the built-in obsolescence of many modern gadgets. Continuing the fiction, the radio's users supposedly had the option of overriding the bi-annual sneeze manually, with a SNZ button (not a clock radio's \"Snooze\" function) to activate the sneeze. In the fictional history, the experimental research group within Texas Instruments was said to have examined how behaviors in nature could be applied to design; in this case, the ability to sneeze. It was said to be investigating", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16668136", "score": "1.0033855", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Little Sammy Sneeze", "text": "those of Ott. McCay was concerned with depicting the seldom-perceived minutiae of movement, though his was not the scientific curiosity found in the chronophotography of Eadweard Muybridge, Étienne-Jules Marey, and Georges Demenÿ. McCay emphasizes the lack of order and irrational unpredictability of the human body. McCay's concern was to culminate in his pioneering animated films such as \"Gertie the Dinosaur\" (1914). Comic strips as early as A.B. Frost's incorporated the repetition of backgrounds inspired by chronophotography, and by the time of \"Sammy Sneeze\" had become a standard comic-strip trope—one comics historian Thierry Smolderen suggests McCay may have deliberately parodied. Though", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16605117", "score": "0.943309", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "John Ott", "text": "more time-lapse equipment, eventually building a large greenhouse full of plants, cameras, and self-built automated electric moving camera systems (the first movie camera motion control systems ever built) for moving the cameras to follow the growth of plants as they developed. He time-lapsed his entire greenhouse of plants and cameras as they all worked, a virtual symphony of time-lapse movement. His work was featured on an episode of the second incarnation of the request TV show \"You Asked For It\" in the late 1950s. Ott discovered that movement of plants could be manipulated by varying the amount of water that", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7955331", "score": "0.9429901", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Fred Waller", "text": "Fred Waller Frederic Waller (1886 – May 18, 1954) was an American inventor and film pioneer. He is most known for his contributions to film special effects while working at Paramount Pictures, for his creation of the Waller Flexible Gunnery Trainer, and for inventing Cinerama, the immersive experience of a curved film screen that extends to the viewer's peripheral vision for which he received an Academy Award. Waller, a snow skiing and boating enthusiast, is also credited with obtaining the first patent for a water ski. He produced and directed 200 one-reel shorts for Paramount, including Cab Calloway's Hi-De-Ho and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19877017", "score": "0.93849075", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Richard Yeo (scientist)", "text": "Richard Yeo (scientist) Richard Yeo,(楊瑞才), a Chinese American scientist with 17 U.S. patents, is best known for his research on disposable diapers. Yeo co-invented US patent 5,356,626: \"Synthetic fecal fluid compound.\" At the time, Yeo was a senior research scientist working in Roswell, Georgia for Kimberly-Clark, makers of Huggies. He, along with Debra Welchel, developed the material to help the company produce better disposable diapers. Yeo described his research as: Yeo conducted extensive research & developed various disposable diapers & personal care products having new features: breathable back sheets, colorful/embossed backsheets, improved BM flaps and better BM containment, better body", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16424890", "score": "0.93807817", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Sneeze Me Away", "text": "Sneeze Me Away Sneeze Me Away is a 2010 animated short film written and directed by Ryan Grobins. A young boy by the name of Thomas, accidentally enters a fantastic, magical world full of unexpected occurrences and wondrous sights by sneezing with his eyes open, and now must enlist the aid of strange creatures to help him find his way home again. Husband and wife team, Ryan and Hyojung spent two years working on the short animated film full-time in South Korea, not including another six months previous to the main production period spent working after hours on the previs", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15707949", "score": "0.9281769", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Gesundheit radio", "text": "the German response to someone who has sneezed. In the artwork's fictional history, it was however not German, but had been designed by the \"Attenborough Design Group\", supposed to have been active in the 1970s and 1980s, and an experimental section within Texas Instruments, where it was their first product. Other whimsical artworks with technological inspiration supposed to have been created by the group included the AntiTouch Lamp which avoided human touch, allegedly to protect its halogen lamp. In the fiction, twice a year, the radio's case would lean back and use internal bellows to blow out the accumulated dust,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16668135", "score": "0.9236096", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Smell-O-Vision", "text": "studios with his invention. Todd Sr. had staged a series of musical films at the 1939 World's Fair and met Laube during this time. Fifteen years later, Todd and his son were thinking of ways they could enhance their film \"Around the World in Eighty Days\". They remembered Laube's invention and although they decided not to use it for this film, Todd Jr., after his father's death, was intrigued enough to sign Laube to a movie deal. Laube's system, for which he had been issued a U.S. patent and which was renamed \"Smell-O-Vision\" by Todd, had been improved in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3531974", "score": "0.92244434", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "That Fatal Sneeze", "text": "Eventually a final sneeze causes the uncle to explode. The film contains a number of primitive special effects, including the use of wires to move objects when the uncle sneezes, and the balancing of the camera on a rocking board to give the impression that the world is swaying in the penultimate shot. The dramatic final scene, in which the uncle explodes, was achieved by stopping the camera and replacing the actor with a small smoke-emitting device. That Fatal Sneeze That Fatal Sneeze is a 1907 British silent comedy film, directed by Lewin Fitzhamon and starring Thurston Harris and Gertie", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17654931", "score": "0.9198965", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Fred Ott's Sneeze", "text": "In the five-second film one of Thomas Edison's assistants, Fred Ott, takes a pinch of snuff and sneezes. According to the Library of Congress, \"It was filmed for publicity purposes as a series of still photographs to accompany an article in Harper's Weekly.\"", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "The Sneeze (blog)", "text": "Toothpaste for Dinner, and the writers of Retrocrush and Cockeyed.com. In November 2003, Steve was interviewed by Derek and Romaine of SIRIUS OutQ radio. On May 5, 2008, Steve announced a hiatus of The Sneeze for personal reasons. On July 14, 2008, however, Steve declared the return of The Sneeze. On May 4, 2009, Steve started using Twitter for The Sneeze updates and has blogged infrequently since. As of 2013 Steve works as a writer and executive producer on the television show \"The Big Bang Theory\". The Sneeze (blog) The Sneeze is a blog written by Steven Molaro, identified on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10298392", "score": "0.9150914", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "The Sneeze (blog)", "text": "The Sneeze (blog) The Sneeze is a blog written by Steven Molaro, identified on the site only as \"Steve\" of Los Angeles, California. In 2005 the site was listed among the \"top 101 websites\" by PC Magazine, and won a Blogger's Choice Award. The site gained attention for its \"Steve, Don't Eat It!\" section, a series of episodes in which Steve consumes various odd or unpleasant foods, including potted meat, cuitlacoche, nattō, and human breast milk. The Sneeze's tagline is \"Half zine. Half blog. Half not good with fractions.\" The first post was on June 28, 2003. Steve is married", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10298390", "score": "0.90655255", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Petro Vlahos", "text": "a radar engineer at Bell Laboratories. After the war, he moved to Hollywood and worked for MGM. The technology used today as a way of combining actors with background footage still derives from the techniques he developed. Vlahos was not the first to use the blue-screen technology—it was invented by Larry Butler for the 1940 filming of The Thief Of Bagdad—but he made the process much more realistic and scientific. He created a system called the sodium vapor matte first for the spectacular 1959 remake of the epic Ben Hur, and later the Disney musical Mary Poppins (1964) which would", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5446982", "score": "0.9064392", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Soren Sorensen Adams", "text": "found a way to extract this derivative from the dye and called this new powder \"Cachoo\". He was inundated by requests for this product from his friends and so, he decided to sell his interest in a hotel in York, Pennsylvania, and used the money to launch the \"Cachoo Sneezing Powder Company\" in Plainfield, New Jersey. Within a few years, the sneezing powder craze that swept the country had subsided, and Sam set out to innovating new products. He also changed the name of the company to S.S. Adams Co. to reflect that it was no longer a one product", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5825080", "score": "0.90271366", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Alain Berton", "text": "acid vapors components in the air. He was able to individualize traces of gas and vapors by using ultra-sensitive galvanic batteries and galvanic microcell detectors. He presented his research in the preamble to the convention of the Analytical Chemistry Group in 1958. Alain Berton named his invention \"the Osmopile,\" later nicknamed \"the sniffing cells\" by the scientific journal \"Atomes\". The first \"artificial nose\" was thus born. His invention was adopted and developed in the US and went around the world with a report from the Associated Press dated December 8, 1958. Berton’s Osmopile was marketed by Jouan, a laboratory equipment", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18885403", "score": "0.9021553", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Fred G. Sanford", "text": "one of these where you sneeze?\". He also frequently attempts to avoid any kind of labor, especially when asked by Lamont, by referring to his arthritis (which he pronounced \"arthur-itis\") while holding up a deliberately gnarled fist. Fred spends much of his free time watching television (having an affinity for daikaiju films such as the \"Godzilla\" series) and drinking an alcoholic concoction of his own invention called \"Champipple\" (a portmanteau of champagne and Ripple). Another recurring joke is his poor vision; whenever he gets ready to make a phone call, he opens a drawer under the phone and pulls out", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7325875", "score": "0.8975744", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Regina Company", "text": "stick model, the ElectrikBroom. During World War II, the company made bomb fuses. In the 1980s, CEO Donald D. Sheelen led a group of employees who purchased Regina for $38 Million in a leveraged buyout. Don Sheelen’s inventions cross the vacuum sphere from the basic vacuum cleaner to the steam cleaner. During the 90s, the Peanuts character Pig-Pen appeared in commercials. The “tools on board” idea, “cyclonic” vacuum technology, and the modern easy to use steam cleaner were all the brainchild of Don Sheelen. The Regina Company was eventually acquired by Philips Electronics in 1995. Oreck bought the company in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16081975", "score": "0.8955675", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Homer Clyde Snook", "text": "Homer Clyde Snook Homer Clyde Snook (25 March 1878 – 23 September 1942) was an American electrical engineer and inventor. He developed the Snook apparatus, the first interrupterless device produced for X-ray work. Homer Clyde Snook was born in 1878, at Antwerp, Ohio, to Judge Wilson H. Snook and Nancy Jane Snook (née Graves). He had 4 siblings, brothers Otto W. and Ward Hunt, and sisters Lee May and Ethel Maud. On 24 June 1903, Snook, age 24, occupation listed as science expert, form Philadelphia, married May Eusebia McKee (born 17 May 1877), age 26, occupation listed as at home,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19299279", "score": "0.8950262", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Octave Sneeden", "text": "Octave Sneeden Dr Jean Baptiste Octave Sneeden FRSE MIME MITE (1893–1973) was a 20th century Scottish engineer and author. As an author he is sometimes known as J. B. O. Sneeden. He was born on the island of Mauritius on 24 June 1893. He was the son of John Alexander Elveen Sneeden (b.1868) and his wife Maria Ravinia Georges (b.1872), and paternal grandson of John Townsend Sneeden of Annapolis in Nova Scotia and Maria Louise Georgina Sharrock of Port Louis, Mauritius. He studied Engineering Science at Glasgow University graduating BSc in 1917. He then immediately joined the staff of Walthamstow", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20830558", "score": "0.8925935", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Boogerman: A Pick and Flick Adventure", "text": "working in his lab where he was secretly building a machine that would save the world from pollution by transporting it to a place he called Dimension X-Crement. That same evening, eccentric millionaire Snotty Ragsdale paid a visit to the lab to investigate this project and find out how such a thing was possible. He was not too sure about the machine's purpose. After activating the machine, Ragsdale inhaled a cloud of pepper through his nose, causing him to let out a mighty sneeze. The power of the sneeze broke the machine, opening a portal. Just then, a mysterious giant", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6922723", "score": "0.89024764", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Richard Yeo (scientist)", "text": "of the unique swelling behavior of Nafion membrane was cited and described by Doyle and Rajendran in the \"Handbook of Fuel Cells\" as: Richard Yeo (scientist) Richard Yeo,(楊瑞才), a Chinese American scientist with 17 U.S. patents, is best known for his research on disposable diapers. Yeo co-invented US patent 5,356,626: \"Synthetic fecal fluid compound.\" At the time, Yeo was a senior research scientist working in Roswell, Georgia for Kimberly-Clark, makers of Huggies. He, along with Debra Welchel, developed the material to help the company produce better disposable diapers. Yeo described his research as: Yeo conducted extensive research & developed various", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16424892", "score": "0.8893844", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "John Lamb (producer)", "text": "1979, and largely hidden from the public eye since, the video would eventually see a second life when it went viral on YouTube almost 30 years later. In 1980, Lamb was honored with an Academy Award for Scientific and Technical Achievement for inventing the Lyon Lamb Video Animation System (VAS) - (shared with Bruce Lyon). The VAS is a single frame video device for pre-testing animation art before it's committed to final production. With the invention of the Lyon Lamb VAS, an animation revolution began. One example, a master animator uses the VAS to make animation history and demonstrate a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10738740", "score": "0.8892707", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Bell Labs", "text": "A major breakthrough came in 1987, when Ashkin used the tweezers to capture living bacteria without harming them. He immediately began studying biological systems and optical tweezers are now widely used to investigate the machinery of life. In 1991, the 56K modem technology was patented by Nuri Dağdeviren and his team. In 1994, the quantum cascade laser was invented by Federico Capasso, Alfred Cho, Jerome Faist and their collaborators. Also in 1994, Peter Shor devised his quantum factorization algorithm. In 1996, SCALPEL electron lithography, which prints features atoms wide on microchips, was invented by Lloyd Harriott and his team. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "44875", "score": "0.8872827", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Nicholas McKay (inventor)", "text": "during the Great Depression as inspiration of sorts for his career. He recently produced \"When The World Breaks\", a documentary on parallels between the Great Depression and today's poor economic climate. Nicholas McKay (inventor) Nicholas McKay, Sr. (December 8, 1920 – November 15, 2014) was an American inventor and entrepreneur. His most well-known (and first commercial) product was the Lint Pic-Up, the world's first lint roller. McKay had the idea after needing masking tape, a paper roll and some wire to clean his suit before chaperoning his son's high school dance in 1956. He and his late wife Helen formed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15448506", "score": "0.8861183", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Samuel Jay Crumbine", "text": "Tilghman through a severe siege of pneumonia. The lawman became one of the few to live to a ripe old age. He moved to Topeka to become secretary of the Kansas Board of Health and eventually became nationally known for his work with the U.S. Public Health Service. He is the inventor of the flyswatter, an improvement on the earlier \"flybat\" produced by Frank H. Rose. In 1905, he titled one of his fly bulletins, which warned of flyborne diseases, “Swat the Fly,” after a chant he heard at a ballgame. Crumbine took an invention known as the Fly Bat", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10334779", "score": "0.8856803", "original_retrieval_index": 33 }, { "title": "Dean Kamen", "text": "Dean Kamen Dean L. Kamen (born April 5, 1951) is an American engineer, inventor, and businessman. He is best known for his invention of the Segway, as well as founding FIRST with Woodie Flowers. Born to a Jewish family in Long Island, New York, he attended Worcester Polytechnic Institute, but dropped out before graduating after five years of private advanced research for the insulin pump \"AutoSyringe\". He is the son of Jack Kamen, an illustrator for \"Mad\", \"Weird Science\" and other EC Comics publications. Kamen is best known for inventing the product that eventually became known as the Segway PT,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "110477", "score": "0.8838045", "original_retrieval_index": 35 }, { "title": "Arthur Ashkin", "text": "Arthur Ashkin Arthur Ashkin (born September 2, 1922) is an American scientist and Nobel laureate who worked at Bell Laboratories and Lucent Technologies. Ashkin has been considered by many as the father of optical tweezers, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics 2018 at age 96, becoming the oldest Nobel Laureate. He resides in Rumson, New Jersey. Ashkin started his work on manipulation of microparticles with laser light in the late 1960s which resulted in the invention of optical tweezers in 1986. He also pioneered the optical trapping process that eventually was used to manipulate atoms, molecules,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6474082", "score": "0.88233745", "original_retrieval_index": 36 }, { "title": "History of underwater diving", "text": "Spirotechnique and U.S. Divers to finally become the name of the company, Aqua-Lung/La Spirotechnique, currently located in Carros, near Nice. In 1948 the Cousteau-Gagnan patent was also licensed to Siebe Gorman of England, when Siebe Gorman was directed by Robert Henry Davis. Siebe Gorman was allowed to sell in Commonwealth countries, but had difficulty in meeting the demand and the U.S. patent prevented others from making the product. This demand was eventually met by Ted Eldred of Melbourne, Australia, who had been developing a rebreather called the Porpoise. When a demonstration resulted in a diver passing out, he began to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19766920", "score": "0.8819827", "original_retrieval_index": 37 }, { "title": "Percy Shaw", "text": "home in Boothtown, grew in size making more than a million roadstuds a year, which were exported all over the world. A later patent added a rainwater reservoir to the rubber shoe, which could be used to wash the glass \"eyes\" when a car drove over the stud. Such a success was the invention of the \"cat's eye\" that he was rewarded with an OBE for services to exports in the birthday honours list in 1965. He became eccentric in later life, removing the carpets, curtains and much of the furniture from his isolated home, and keeping four televisions running", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2869110", "score": "0.88082653", "original_retrieval_index": 38 }, { "title": "Maurice Kanbar", "text": "Maurice Kanbar Maurice Kanbar (born 1930) is an American entrepreneur and inventor who lives in San Francisco, California. He is particularly well known for his creation of SKYY vodka and is also noted for his extensive real estate investments. Kanbar is stated to own 50 patents on various consumer and medical products, invented the D-Fuzz-It comb for sweaters, Tangoes Puzzle Game, the Safetyglide hypodermic needle protector, a cryogenic cataract remover, a varicose vein stripper, a new LED traffic light, and Zip Notes, rolled sticky notes with a centerline adhesive strip. He created New York's first multiplex cinema, the Quad Cinema,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6016904", "score": "0.87980115", "original_retrieval_index": 39 } ]

[ "Missi Hale", "Steve Mazzaro", "Hans Zimmer" ]

[ { "title": "Need a Boss", "text": "Need a Boss \"Need a Boss\" is the debut single from singer Shareefa from her debut album \"Point of No Return\". The single features label mate and DTP's founder Ludacris and was produced by Rodney \"Darkchild\" Jerkins. It samples The Stylistics \"Let's Put It All Together\". \"Need a Boss\" peaked on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 at number 62, on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks at number 10, and BET's \"106 & Park\" at number 4. It had success on BET and receiving heavy airplay on the \"106 & Park\" countdown for a long span of time and peaking in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8773020", "score": "1.0423144", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "What the World Needs Now Is Love", "text": "assassination, and Martin Luther King, Jr., and soundbites of news coverage of each assassination. The ending of the song is a reprise of the introduction. \"What the World Needs Now is Love/Abraham, Martin and John\" rose to No. 8 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in August 1971, and was Clay's only Top 40 hit. \"What the World Needs Now is Love\" has been used in many film soundtracks, notably \"Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice\" and \"For the Love of Fred\" (used as the film's closing theme song in both), \"\", \"My Best Friend's Wedding\", \"\", \"The Boss Baby\",", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10358943", "score": "1.0274937", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Need a Boss", "text": "the top 5 at number 4. A cover remix was made by Ace Valentine entitled \"Need A Ghetto Girl\". Need a Boss \"Need a Boss\" is the debut single from singer Shareefa from her debut album \"Point of No Return\". The single features label mate and DTP's founder Ludacris and was produced by Rodney \"Darkchild\" Jerkins. It samples The Stylistics \"Let's Put It All Together\". \"Need a Boss\" peaked on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 at number 62, on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks at number 10, and BET's \"106 & Park\" at number 4. It had success on BET", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8773021", "score": "1.0186098", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Boss (Fifth Harmony song)", "text": "Boss (Fifth Harmony song) \"Boss\" (stylized as \"BO$$\") is a song recorded by American girl group Fifth Harmony, released as the lead single from the group's debut studio album, \"Reflection\" (2015). Serviced to contemporary hit radio on August 19, the song was written by Gamal Lewis, Jacob Kasher and Taylor Parks, and was produced by Ricky Reed, Joe Spargur and Daylight. Musically, \"Boss\" is a dance-pop song with additional instrumentation including trumpets, handclaps, horns and heavy bass that create a rhythmic militaristic sound. Lyrically, the song focuses on themes of feminism, female empowerment, confidence and reversed gender roles. Critics drew", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18145092", "score": "1.0181842", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Yes Boss (band)", "text": "but Dutch website Kwadratuur viewed it more positively as did Gigwise writer Matt Tucker, who commented on the \"immensely entertaining and witty lyrics\". Yes Boss (band) Yes Boss were a British indie-rap duo from Leeds comprising vocalist/rapper Noah (formerly of Baby Food) and beatmaker/producer Gavron (Gavin Lawson). Signed to ¡Forward, Russia!'s Dance to the Radio, they had a top 30 hit on the UK Independent Chart with \"Tongues in Knots\", which featured guest vocals from ¡Forward, Russia! frontman Tom Woodhead. The band's only album, \"Look Busy\", was originally due to be released in October 2006 but was put back until", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16941116", "score": "1.0163174", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "The Boss Baby", "text": "The Boss Baby The Boss Baby is a 2017 American 3D computer-animated comedy buddy film loosely based on the 2010 picture book of the same name by Marla Frazee and produced by DreamWorks Animation. Directed by Tom McGrath and written by Michael McCullers, the film stars the voices of Alec Baldwin as the title character, along with Miles Bakshi, Steve Buscemi, Jimmy Kimmel, Lisa Kudrow, and Tobey Maguire. The plot follows a baby who is a secret agent in the war for adults' love between babies and puppies. \"The Boss Baby\" premiered at the Miami International Film Festival on March", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18141325", "score": "0.9909838", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Boss (Fifth Harmony song)", "text": "the group, as \"tribal beats\" swoop underneath the track's \"female-powered flare\". She notes the \"keen pop culture references which mentions celebrities and products such as Kanye West, Kim Kardashian and Beats by Dre. In a downside, Menyes said \"Boss\" could very \"well become dated in future years\" but at the moment, it is the kind of \"ballsy bossy music pop needs\". In a positive review, Christina Lee of \"Idolator\", stated that \"Boss\" proved to be a \"working girl anthem\" like its predecessors of \"Bills, Bills, Bills,\" Kelis' \"Bossy\" and TLC's \"No Scrubs,\" though for an age of filming \"#NaeNae\" Vines", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18145101", "score": "0.98642063", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Yes Boss (band)", "text": "Yes Boss (band) Yes Boss were a British indie-rap duo from Leeds comprising vocalist/rapper Noah (formerly of Baby Food) and beatmaker/producer Gavron (Gavin Lawson). Signed to ¡Forward, Russia!'s Dance to the Radio, they had a top 30 hit on the UK Independent Chart with \"Tongues in Knots\", which featured guest vocals from ¡Forward, Russia! frontman Tom Woodhead. The band's only album, \"Look Busy\", was originally due to be released in October 2006 but was put back until in 2007, and preceded by a 24-date UK tour. The album was poorly received by the \"NME\", who gave it a 3/10 rating,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16941115", "score": "0.9838792", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Boss (2013 Hindi film)", "text": "Tamil song \"Appadi Podu\" from the Vijay starred 2004 film \"Ghilli\", composed by Vidyasagar. Its adapted version \"Hum Na Tode\" is sung by Vishal Dadlani. The song \"Har Kisi Ko Nahi Milta\" composed by Kalyanji Anandji for the 1986 film \"Janbaaz\" was re-adapted for the soundtrack by Chirantan Bhatt and has two versions. One is sung by Nikhil D'Souza and the other by Arijit Singh. Sandeep Shirodkar composed the film score. The soundtrack CD containing the songs was released on 9 September 2013 to coincide with Akshay Kumar's birthday along with the auspicious festival of Ganesh Chaturthi with lyrics by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17168307", "score": "0.9807448", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "What the World Needs Now Is Love", "text": "On Mar. 24, 2017 it was re-recorded by Hans Zimmer, Steve Mazzaro & Missi Hale for the movie The Boss Baby.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Boss (2013 Hindi film)", "text": "moment for its audience and it delivered just that. Commenting on the title song he credited it to be extremely impressive and the same time groovy at first listen. The mix of hip hop, Indian and Western sounds with a tad of Hariyanvi flavour and lyrics by Kumaar with the entertainment of masses being its foci working in the songs tremendous recall value. This is extended by the addition of another 'remix' version of the song and a theme version with vocals by Sonu Kakkar and Khushboo Grewal. The second song, \"Hum Na Tode,\" is an adapted track of hugely", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17168310", "score": "0.9749069", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Bossy (Lindsay Lohan song)", "text": "Bossy (Lindsay Lohan song) \"Bossy\" is a song by American actress and singer-songwriter Lindsay Lohan. The song was written and produced by Shaffer Smith, known by his stage name Ne-Yo, while additional writing and production was done by Stargate members Mikkel Storleer Eriksen and Tor Erik Hermansen. After leaking online in the beginning of May 2008, Universal Motown officially released the song to media outlets, while its digital single was released on May 27, 2008. Musically, \"Bossy\" is an electropop and dance-pop song. Lyrically, it is about a woman being strong enough to get what she wants when she wants", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11929272", "score": "0.9729643", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Boss (Fifth Harmony song)", "text": "clearly cites the rappers Kanye West and Ray J: \"You're talking to a lady, I want a Kanye and not a Ray J.\" During the chorus, the group also praised female icons Michelle Obama and Oprah Winfrey, The song received comparisons to Destiny's Child's \"Independent Women\"; Christina Garibaldi from MTV commented that the group \"proudly sing about the fact they don't need a man as they \"pledge allegiance to my independent girls in here.\" In an interview with Garibaldi, the group stated that \"the whole point of this song is for girls who are our age to turn it on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18145098", "score": "0.97212577", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Wolfgang Boss", "text": "In 2006 Boss worked with Konrad von Löhneysen from Ministry of Sound Germany to produce an album for Goleo VI, the official mascot of the FIFA World Cup in Germany. The single GOLEO IV presents Bob Sinclar: Love Generation became the most sold single in Germany in 2006 topping the German charts for 11 weeks. In 2007 Boss accepted an offer from Universal Music and founded B1 Recordings as a joint venture with Universal Music Germany. Releasing hits by artists such as Milow (Ayo Technology), Stromae (Alors on Danse), Edward Maya (Stereo Love), Pitbull (I know you want me) and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15524925", "score": "0.9720897", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Boss (2013 Hindi film)", "text": "1986 film Janbaaz. The song belonging to soft rock genre scores with the fact that it is not among the \"umpteen remixes or re-arranged versions that flood the music stands\" but one that creates makes its own presence felt by reaching out to its audiences more so with Nikhil D'Souza behind the mike in the solo version. He concluded the review stating 'This one is a winner!' The star cast of \"Boss\", Akshay Kumar, Aditi and Shiv promoted the film on the show Comedy Nights with Kapil. Akshay Kumar and comedian-actor Johnny Lever made appearance on the longest running comedy", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17168313", "score": "0.96965015", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Boss (2013 Hindi film)", "text": "song commands. The next song Party All Night composed and sung by Honey Singh according to the reviewer is the \"pick of the album\" and in spite of non-sensical lyrics manages to be an appeasing affair with a strong connect factor and at the same time maintains to hold the audiences attention from beginning till the end. Thus he upheld the track to be played at Discothèques \"till the New Year's Eve\" at least. The next track Har Kisi Ko a recomposed version by Chirantan Bhatt of the song of the same name originally composed by Kalyanji Anandji from the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17168312", "score": "0.9693012", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "The Boss Baby: Back in Business", "text": "The Boss Baby: Back in Business The Boss Baby: Back in Business is an American computer-animated web television series produced by DreamWorks Animation that is a follow-up of the 2017 film \"The Boss Baby\", loosely based on the book of the same name by Marla Frazee. The series premiered on Netflix on April 6, 2018. JP Karliak voices the title character, replacing Alec Baldwin; only Eric Bell Jr. reprised his role from the film, returning as The Triplets. Season 2 premiered on October 12, 2018. Taking place after the film, the series follows Boss Baby, and his big brother Tim,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20488159", "score": "0.9678254", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Boss (2013 Hindi film)", "text": "popular Tamil song composed by Vidyasagar, Appadi Podu. A fast-paced addictive track – boasting of ferocious and aggressive vocals by Vishal Dadlani, adapted by P.A. Deepak and lyrics by Kumaar – consolidates the album's positive impact on its audiences. The next track Pitah Se Naam Tera a soft and subtle track after two fast faced ones. The track emphasises a father's importance and comparing him to be no less than God. The reviewer appreciated the choice of Sonu Nigam as the singer, the backing vocals of Meet Bros Anjjan and \"alaps\" by Sanjay Misra along with the devotional appeal the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17168311", "score": "0.9671787", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Boss (2006 film)", "text": "Hindi Songs - Lyrics: Nawab Arzoo Boss (2006 film) Boss is a 2006 Telugu romance film, produced by D. Siva Prasad Reddy on Kamakshi Movies banner and directed by V. N. Aditya. Starring Nagarjuna Akkineni, Nayantara, Poonam Bajwa, Shriya Saran in the lead roles and music composed by Kalyani Malik and Harry Anand. Cinematography for the movie was handled by Siva Kumar while editing was being handled by Marthand K. Venkatesh. The film was released on 27 September 2006. The film was dubbed into Malayalam with the same title and into Hindi as Yeh Kaisa Karz with Gopala Krishna changed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8789313", "score": "0.96691763", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "The Boss Baby: Back in Business", "text": "as they navigate around the world of Baby Corp while dealing with a new cute threat that involves battling cats. The series premiered on Netflix on April 6, 2018. The Boss Baby: Back in Business The Boss Baby: Back in Business is an American computer-animated web television series produced by DreamWorks Animation that is a follow-up of the 2017 film \"The Boss Baby\", loosely based on the book of the same name by Marla Frazee. The series premiered on Netflix on April 6, 2018. JP Karliak voices the title character, replacing Alec Baldwin; only Eric Bell Jr. reprised his role", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20488160", "score": "0.96646017", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Juliana Areias", "text": "Juliana Areias Juliana Areias (often referred to as The Bossa Nova Baby) is a Brazilian singer-songwriter based in Australia. She is best known for her Bossa Nova-style and her album Bossa Nova Baby, released in 2015. She has toured internationally and also recorded six albums with Márcio Catunda. Areias was born in São Paulo and exposed to music from a young age. As a teenager, Areias met Ruy Castro, a journalist known for documenting much of the early Bossa Nova movement. She attributes Castro and her direct exposure to the movement as her inspiration to become a singer. It was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18951481", "score": "0.96642894", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Fun in Acapulco (soundtrack)", "text": "than on recent soundtrack outings. Four of these songs would be included on the 1995 compilation \"\": the title track, \"Mexico,\" \"Marguerita,\" and the song released as the lead single, \"Bossa Nova Baby\". \"Bossa Nova Baby\" arrived in stores one month prior to the soundtrack, coupled with the track \"Witchcraft\" by rhythm and blues songwriter and arranger Dave Bartholomew and a hit for The Spiders in 1956. The fact that the bossa nova craze of the 1960s was a Brazilian phenomenon rather than a Mexican one mattered little, as the single peaked at number 8 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14270626", "score": "0.96571255", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Boss (Fifth Harmony song)", "text": "comparisons to the works of previous girl groups such as Destiny's Child. \"Boss\" was well received by contemporary music critics, who praised the song's lyrical themes and production. \"Boss\" debuted and peaked at number 43 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, staying in the charts for a total of fifteen weeks, outperforming \"Miss Movin' On\", their first single after forming as a quintet on \"The X Factor\". Among national airplay charts, the track peaked at number 37 on the Mainstream Top 40, even though \"Boss\" was censored from mainstream radios after many felt the song was sending a political message to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18145093", "score": "0.96423197", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "The Boss (2016 film)", "text": "The Boss (2016 film) The Boss is a 2016 American comedy film directed by Ben Falcone and written by Falcone, Melissa McCarthy and Steve Mallory. The film stars McCarthy, Kristen Bell, Ella Anderson, Tyler Labine, Kathy Bates, Annie Mumolo, Timothy Simons, and Peter Dinklage. The film follows a wealthy woman who, after being arrested and losing her fortune, uses her assistant's daughter's Dandelion Girls cookie sales to return to the top. The film was released on April 8, 2016, by Universal Pictures, received generally negative reviews from critics and grossed $78 million worldwide. The story follows Michelle Darnell, a titan", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17340833", "score": "0.96374965", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Boss (2013 Hindi film)", "text": "track of the film was released on YouTube on 30 August 2013 on the official channel of T-Series, the music label that has purchased the music rights of the film and subsequently for legal purchase as a soundtrack single on digital music platform, iTunes. \"Boss Title Song\" as composed by Meet Bros Anjjan, sung by Anjjan Bhatacharya, Harmeet Singh & Manmeet Singh consists of rap verses performed by Yo Yo Honey Singh with lyrics penned by Kumaar. The promotional video for the second song of the film composed and sung by noted Punjabi singer and rapper Yo Yo Honey Singh", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17168301", "score": "0.96305186", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Juliana Areias", "text": "and the United States. Juliana Areias Juliana Areias (often referred to as The Bossa Nova Baby) is a Brazilian singer-songwriter based in Australia. She is best known for her Bossa Nova-style and her album Bossa Nova Baby, released in 2015. She has toured internationally and also recorded six albums with Márcio Catunda. Areias was born in São Paulo and exposed to music from a young age. As a teenager, Areias met Ruy Castro, a journalist known for documenting much of the early Bossa Nova movement. She attributes Castro and her direct exposure to the movement as her inspiration to become", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18951485", "score": "0.9620974", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Diana Ross", "text": "same name, featuring special make-up effects by Stan Winston, for a scene in which Ross portrayed legendary cabaret artist Josephine Baker and blues singers Bessie Smith and Ethel Waters, and a Special Tony Award. The albums \"Baby It's Me\" and \"Ross\" sold modestly. In 1979, Ross released \"The Boss\", continuing her popularity with dance audiences, as the title song became a number-one dance single. On July 16, 1979, Ross guest-hosted an episode of Johnny Carson's \"The Tonight Show\", featuring Lynda Carter, George Carlin, and Muhammad Ali as guests. Later that year, Ross hosted the HBO special, \"Standing Room Only\", filmed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1361290", "score": "0.9602138", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Bob Bossin", "text": "Bob Bossin Bob Bossin (born 1946) is a Canadian folk singer, writer and activist who co-founded the Canadian folk group Stringband with Marie-Lynn Hammond. Bossin is the writer of the songs \"Dief Will Be the Chief Again\", \"Show Us the Length\", \"Tugboats\", \"The Maple Leaf Dog\" and \"Sulphur Passage (No pasaran)\". As well, Bossin wrote and performed two solo musicals, \"Bossin's Home Remedy for Nuclear War\" and \"Davy the Punk\". The latter is based on the book \"Davy the Punk\" (The Porcupine's Quill, 2014), Bossin's memoir of his outlaw father. Bob Bossin grew up in Toronto surrounded by artists, entertainers", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19942397", "score": "0.95945406", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Boss (2013 Hindi film)", "text": "vibrant flavour \"command an attractive fervor mostly\". She reviewed each song individually. The reviewer concluded the review saying though the album is not a musical masterpiece in composition it will ensure that the audience will have a good time owing largely to the \"powerful entertaining zing.\" The album resonates more so with \"Hum Na Tode\" and title track being the best among the tracks as a whole. Joginder Tuteja reviewed the soundtrack album for Rediff. He started the review building on the fact the title and setting of a masala or entertainer film needed an album without a single dull", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17168309", "score": "0.9593022", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Jackie DeShannon", "text": "Jackie DeShannon Jackie DeShannon (born August 21, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter with a string of hit song credits from the 1960s onwards, as both singer and composer. She was one of the first female singer-songwriters of the rock 'n' roll period. She is best known as the singer of \"What the World Needs Now Is Love\" and \"Put a Little Love in Your Heart\" and, as the composer of \"When You Walk in the Room\" and \"Bette Davis Eyes,\" which were hits for The Searchers and Kim Carnes, respectively. Since 2009, DeShannon has been an entertainment broadcast correspondent reporting", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2156908", "score": "0.95904946", "original_retrieval_index": 28 } ]

[ "Russia (", "Russia" ]

[ { "title": "2014 Winter Olympics medal table", "text": "achieve six Winter Olympic medals over six consecutive games, all achieved at the men's singles event. Speed skater Ireen Wüst from the Netherlands achieved five medals (two gold and three silver), more than any other athlete. Korean-born Russian short track speed skater Viktor Ahn, Norwegian cross-country skier Marit Bjørgen, and Belarusian biathlete Darya Domracheva tied for the most gold medals, with three each. The medal table is based on information provided by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and is consistent with IOC convention in its published medal tables. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14362618", "score": "1.223382", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Winter Olympic Games", "text": "the snow, Norwegian biathlete Ole Einar Bjørndalen took two golds to bring his total tally of Olympic medals to 13, overtaking his compatriot Bjørn Dæhlie to become the most decorated Winter Olympian of all time. Another Norwegian, cross-country skier Marit Bjørgen took three golds; her total of ten Olympic medals tied her as the female Winter Olympian with most medals, alongside Raisa Smetanina and Stefania Belmondo. Snowboarder Ayumu Hirano became the youngest medallist on snow at the Winter Games when he took a silver in the halfpipe competition at the age of fifteen. On the ice, the Dutch dominated the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "459593", "score": "1.1959441", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Ole Einar Bjørndalen", "text": "the second time that Norway had won a title in this event, with the other being at the 2002 Winter Olympics (also anchored by Bjørndalen). With this victory he became the second most decorated Winter Olympian of all time and one of only two athletes to win 11 medals at the Winter Olympics. With his gold medal in 10 km sprint at the Sochi 2014 Winter Olympics, he tied fellow Norwegian Bjørn Dæhlie for most Winter Olympic medals, with 12 in total, before overtaking Dæhlie by winning his second gold of the Games as part of the Norwegian mixed relay", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "502481", "score": "1.1588523", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Marit Bjørgen", "text": "in Sochi in the 15 km skiathlon, the Team sprint and the 30km freestyle race. These three Olympic medals brought her total up to ten, equaling the record for most Winter Olympic medals held by a woman, already achieved by Stefania Belmondo and Raisa Smetanina; but of the three record holders at the time, Bjørgen had the most golds. Bjørgen is a five-time Olympian, having competed in every Winter Olympics since Salt Lake City in 2002 where she won her first silver medal. At the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang she won her 11th–15th Olympic medals, the highest number of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6197568", "score": "1.1493652", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "2006 Winter Olympics medal table", "text": "for the third consecutive Games. Latvia and Slovakia won the first medals in their Winter Olympic history. Speed skater Cindy Klassen of Canada won five medals (one gold, two silver and two bronze) and was the most medalled athlete at the Games. Biathlete Michael Greis of Germany and short track speed skaters Ahn Hyun Soo and Jin Sun-Yu, both of South Korea, tied for the most gold medals, with three each. One athlete was stripped of an Olympic medal during these Games. Russian biathlete Olga Pyleva won a silver medal in the 15 km race, but tested positive for carphedon", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7094119", "score": "1.1457547", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Short track speed skating at the 2014 Winter Olympics", "text": "male athlete record for both medals and gold medals. Viktor Ahn became the first short track speedskater to win all four Olympic golds (500m, 1000m, 1500m, 5000m relay). He also became the short track speedskater with the most Olympic gold medals, with 6, winning 3 golds in 2014, and 3 in 2006 (for South Korea). With his 4 medals from 2006 and 4 from 2014, he tied Apolo Anton Ohno with the most Olympic short track medals, at 8. A total quota of 120 athletes were allowed to compete at the Games (60 men and 60 women). Countries were assigned", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16745772", "score": "1.142299", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Canada at the 2006 Winter Olympics", "text": "bronze medals (3000 m, 5000 m). Her bronze medal at the 2002 Winter Olympics gives her a total of six medals and the title of the most decorated Canadian Olympian, winter or summer. Tied at five medals for Canada are short track speed skater Marc Gagnon, track athlete Dr. Phil Edwards, and speed skater Clara Hughes, who won her fourth and fifth medal at the 2006 Olympics. In addition to the Canadian medal records, Klassen also tied Eric Heiden to win the most medals by a speed skater at a single Olympics. Women's ice hockey player Danielle Goyette carried the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6647288", "score": "1.1320574", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Lyubov Yegorova (cross-country skier)", "text": "30 km: 1993). She also won the women's 15 km event at the Holmenkollen ski festival in 1994. Additionally, Yegorova won a total of nine medals at the Winter Olympics, earning six golds and three silver. She was the most successful athlete at both the 1992 and 1994 Winter Olympics. She won the Holmenkollen medal in 1994 (shared with Vladimir Smirnov and Espen Bredesen). Yegorova's career ended at the 1997 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Trondheim when she was disqualified for doping on bromantan, a stimulant drug. She was disqualified on February 26, 1997, three days after winning gold", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7133458", "score": "1.1226344", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "2014 Winter Olympics medal table", "text": "well. Three other athletes who didn't win medals (Alexander Kasjanov, Ilvir Huzin, Aleksei Pushkarev) were banned on November 29, 2017. Biathlete Olga Zaitseva who won silver in a relay was disqualified on 1 December 2017. Two other athletes, Anastasia Dotsenko and Yuliya Chekalyova, were also banned, bringing the total to 31 (six Russian ice hockey players were sanctioned shortly after). Speed skaters Ivan Skobrev and Artyom Kuznetsov, lugers Albert Demchenko and Tatiana Ivanova, bobsledders Liudmila Udobkina and Maxim Belugin were disqualified on 22 December 2017, bringing the total to 43. Demchenko and Tatiana Ivanova were also stripped of their silver", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14362626", "score": "1.1140763", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "2014 Winter Olympics medal table", "text": "Initially, host nation Russia matched the Soviet Union's 1976 achievement of thirteen gold medals, but 4 gold medals (13 overall) were stripped later due to doping. Norway achieved the leading position in the medal table on 24 November 2017, when Russia was stripped of two gold medals in bobsleigh. However, at the end of January 2018, the Court of Arbitration for Sport cleared 28 Russian athletes and 9 out of 13 medals (including 3 gold) were reinstated, allowing Russia to return to the top position.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Sport in the Netherlands", "text": "van Gennip (3 Olympic gold medals in 1988), Rintje Ritsma (4-time World Allround Champion), Jochem Uytdehaage (2 Olympic gold medals in 2002), Marianne Timmer (3 Olympic gold medals in 1998 and 2006), Ireen Wüst (5 Olympic golds in 2006, 2010, 2014, 2018 and 6 World Allround Speed Skating Championships) and Sven Kramer (4 Olympic gold medals in 2010, 2014, 2018 and 9 World Allround Championships). The Dutch speed skaters' performance at the 2014 Winter Olympics, where they won 8 out of 12 events, 23 out of 36 medals, including 4 clean sweeps, is the most dominant performance in a single", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "688487", "score": "1.1084219", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "2018 Winter Olympics medal table", "text": "in, Canada held the record for most gold medals won at a single Winter Olympics with 14, which it won in Vancouver in 2010. This mark was equalled by both Norway and Germany at these Olympics. Norway set the record for most total medals at a single Winter Olympics with 39, surpassing the 37 medals of the United States won at the 2010 Winter Olympics. The mark of 30 NOCs winning medals is the highest for any Winter Olympic Games. Hungary won its first Winter Olympic gold medal ever. Norwegian cross-country skier Marit Bjørgen (two gold, one silver, and two", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19671970", "score": "1.1033146", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Norway at the 2018 Winter Olympics", "text": "by Canada at the 2010 Winter Olympics. Cross-country skier Marit Bjørgen was the most successful athlete of the games, with five medals, while her male colleagues Johannes Høsflot Klæbo, Simen Hegstad Krüger and Martin Johnsrud Sundby won three each. Biathletes Johannes Thingnes Bø and Emil Hegle Svendsen and ski jumper Robert Johansson also won three medals each. Additional nine Norwegian athletes won two medals each: Ragnhild Haga, Johann André Forfang, Håvard Lorentzen, Sverre Lunde Pedersen, Ragnhild Mowinckel, Marte Olsbu, Kjetil Jansrud, Tiril Eckhoff and Maiken Caspersen Falla. Prior to the games, the Norwegian Olympic sports authority Olympiatoppen announced an official", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19767440", "score": "1.1010756", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Fischer (company)", "text": "were awarded to Fischer athletes: A total of 108 medals, which were won mainly in the Nordic disciplines. This surpassed the result at the Winter Olympic Games in Vancouver 2010 (74 medals . The Norwegian athlete Marit Bjørgen, who is equipped by Fischer, has become the best Olympic cross country skier of all time. In Sochi she won three gold medals. US-American Joss Christensen is the first Olympic champion in the Alpine discipline of Freeski Slopestyle. At the Alpine, Nordic and Biathlon World Championships 2017 in St. Moritz (SUI), Lahti (FIN) and Hochfilzen (AUT) the Fischer Race Family took 45", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6912034", "score": "1.0978026", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "1998 Winter Olympics medal table", "text": "The sport of curling returned after a single appearance in the 1924 Olympics, snowboarding was added as a new sport, and women's ice hockey made its first appearance in the Olympics. The leading medal winner at the Games was Russian skier Larisa Lazutina, who won five medals, including three golds. The only other athlete to win three gold medals was Norwegian skier Bjørn Dæhlie, who won four medals overall, making him the first Winter Olympian to win twelve career medals, eight of which were gold. Nine other athletes won three medals, including three Germans. American figure skater Tara Lipinski became", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3633528", "score": "1.086628", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Canada at the Olympics", "text": "medals at both the Winter and the Summer Games, with two Summer and four Winter medals. Clara Hughes and Cindy Klassen hold the record for most Olympic medals won by a Canadian of either gender, with six each. Cindy Klassen holds the record for most Winter medals won by a Canadian of either gender, with six. Catriona Le May Doan became the first Canadian to defend their gold medal at the Olympics. She repeated her gold medal in the women's 500m long track speedskating event at the 2002 Salt Lake City Olympics from the 1998 Nagano Olympics. Alexandre Bilodeau became", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10978670", "score": "1.0863118", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Ireen Wüst", "text": "Ireen Wüst Ireen Wüst (; born 1 April 1986) is a Dutch long track allround speed skater. Wüst is the youngest Dutch Olympic champion in the history of the Winter Games. At the age of nineteen, on 12 February 2006, she won the gold medal at the 2006 Winter Olympic Games 3000 metre event; four years later at the 2010 Winter Olympic Games she won the 1500 metre event; at the 2014 Winter Olympic Games she won two gold and three silver medals, making her the most decorated athlete at the Sochi Games. Following her most recent victory in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7167443", "score": "1.0843322", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Biathlon at the 2014 Winter Olympics", "text": "Vancouver to achieve two silver medals. France's women, who had won three medals in 2010, also missed the podium, as did Canada, despite some promising performances. Sweden's men were also expected to win a medal but they too missed out. 13 athletes went home with two or more medals with five athletes winning three medals each. Belarus's Darya Domracheva won three gold medals to be the most successful biathlete at the Games, while France's Martin Fourcade was the most successful male winning two gold and one silver medal. 2012/13 women's World Cup winner Tora Berger won a medal of each", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16754537", "score": "1.0817585", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Russia at the 2014 Winter Olympics", "text": "and silver medals, respectively, in pairs skating. Both also won gold medals in the team event, which also puts the other eight team medalists at risk of losing their golds. Six skiers were suspended from competition on the basis of the McLaren report: Evgeniy Belov, Alexander Legkov, Alexey Petukhov, Maxim Vylegzhanin, Yulia Ivanova, and Yevgeniya Shapovalova. Legkov won a gold medal, and Vylegzhanin won three silver medals. The International Biathlon Union suspended two biathletes who were in the Sochi games: Olga Vilukhina and Yana Romanova, according to \"La Gazzetta dello Sport\". Vilukhina won silver in sprint, and both women were", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16289006", "score": "1.079534", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Winter Olympic Games", "text": "gold medal. Bjørn Dæhlie of Norway won three gold medals in Nordic skiing, becoming the most decorated Winter Olympic athlete, with eight gold medals and twelve medals overall. Austrian Hermann Maier survived a crash during the downhill competition and returned to win gold in the super-G and the giant slalom. Tara Lipinski of the United States, aged just 15, became the youngest ever female gold medallist in an individual event when she won the Ladies' Singles, a record that had stood since Sonja Henie of Norway won the same event, also aged 15, in St. Moritz in 1928. New world", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "459581", "score": "1.0781646", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Netherlands at the 2018 Winter Olympics", "text": "a total of ten medals, including five golds, Wüst became the best ever Olympic speed skater (male or female) and the seventh-best Winter Olympic athlete overall. Olympic debutant Kjeld Nuis won the gold medal in the men's 1500 metres speed skating event. Patrick Roest, also an Olympic debutant, won the silver medal. Koen Verweij, one of the favorites for the win, disappointed with an eleventh place. In short track speed skating, Yara van Kerkhof unexpectedly won the silver medal in the women's 500 metres event, benefiting from the disqualification of the Korean Choi Min-jeong after initially finishing in third. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20460317", "score": "1.0779793", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "2010 Winter Olympics medal table", "text": "in 2002). The United States placed first in total medals—its second time doing so in a Winter Games—and set a new record for most medals won by a NOC at a single Winter Olympics, with 37 (the previous record was 36, established by Germany in 2002). Athletes from Slovakia and Belarus won the first Winter Olympic gold medals for their nations. Cross-country skier Marit Bjørgen from Norway won five medals (three gold, one silver, one bronze), more than any other athlete. Chinese short track speed skater Wang Meng tied Bjørgen for the lead in gold medals, with three. The medal", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12359952", "score": "1.0778534", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Sweden at the 2014 Winter Olympics", "text": "participated in five Olympic tournaments. 55 athletes were Olympic debutants. Sweden won 15 medals in total, making the Sochi games Sweden's most successful Winter Games ever in terms of medals. However, the number of gold medals (2) was lower than in the two previous Winter Games. On 8 February, the first competition day, cross-country skier Charlotte Kalla won the first Swedish medal at the Games. She won the silver medal in the women's 15 km skiathlon event, finishing behind Norway's Marit Bjørgen. Snowboarder Sven Thorgren finished in fourth place in the men's slopestyle, just 1.25 points behind the bronze medalist.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16503662", "score": "1.0763597", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Cross-country skiing at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Women's 30 kilometre freestyle", "text": "Olympic cross country skiing since 1992. For Bjørgen, this was the sixth Winter Olympic gold medal, which, together with Lidiya Skoblikova and Lyubov Yegorova, made her a woman with the largest number of Winter Olympics gold medals won. Størmer Steira won her first individual Olympic medal. The defending 2010 champion Justyna Kowalczyk did not finish. An athlete with a maximum of 100 FIS distance points (the A standard) will be allowed to compete in both or one of the event (sprint/distance). An athlete with a maximum 120 FIS sprint points will be allowed to compete in the sprint event and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17776144", "score": "1.0744162", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Canada at the Winter Olympics", "text": "since. Marc Gagnon, who won 3 gold and 2 bronze medals between 1994 and 2002 and François-Louis Tremblay, who has collected 2 gold, 2 silver and 1 bronze medals from 2002 to 2010, are among only 5 Canadian Olympians to win a total of 5 medals. Gaetan Boucher (1000 m and 1500 m in 1984), Catriona Le May Doan (500 m in 1998 and 2002), Cindy Klassen (1500 m in 2006), Clara Hughes (5000 m in 2006), Christine Nesbitt (1000 m in 2010) and Ted-Jan Bloemen (10000 m in 2018) are Canada's gold medalists in speed skating. In 2006, Cindy", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7121081", "score": "1.0717257", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Ireen Wüst", "text": "consecutive medal at this distance at the Olympics, and this was the fourth Olympics in a row in which she won an individual gold medal, the first time this was achieved by a Winter Olympian. She also became the second speed skater to win the Olympic 1500 metres twice (after Lidiya Skoblikova in 1960 and 1964), and the first Dutch athlete to win five gold medals and ten medals overall at the Olympics. She also became the first speed skater, male or female, to win ten Olympic medals, and the first female Winter Olympian to win nine individual medals. She", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7167451", "score": "1.0696824", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Culture of Finland", "text": "best ever in that sport. Most notably, he won five Olympic medals (four gold) and nine World Championships medals (five gold). Among currently active Finnish ski jumpers, Janne Ahonen has been the most successful. Kalle Palander is a well-known alpine skiing winner, who won the World Championship and Crystal Ball (twice, in Kitzbühel). Tanja Poutiainen has won an Olympic silver medal for alpine skiing, as well as multiple FIS World Cup races. Some of the most outstanding athletes from the past include Hannes Kolehmainen (1890–1966), Paavo Nurmi (1897–1973) and Ville Ritola (1896–1982) who won eighteen gold and seven silver Olympic", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2990060", "score": "1.0621393", "original_retrieval_index": 33 }, { "title": "Canada at the 2014 Winter Olympics", "text": "originally finished these Olympics with 10 gold medals and 25 overall (ranking 2nd and 3rd respectively). This is the second most successful Canadian performance ever, exceeded only by the achievements at the home Olympics in Vancouver in 2010. With the belated luge medal awarded in 2017 after a Russian doping disqualification , Canada briefly tied its Vancouver performance in total medal count. However, the IOC decision was overturned on appeal, bumping the Canadian team back to fourth and the total medal count back to 2nd and 3rd. On Day 1 of the Games, three athletes won the nation's first medals.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17093064", "score": "1.0618998", "original_retrieval_index": 34 }, { "title": "Sweden at the 2014 Winter Olympics", "text": "The second medal came the second day, 9 February. Defending Olympic champion Marcus Hellner won the silver medal in the men's 30 km skiathlon behind gold medalist Dario Cologna of Switzerland. After a chaotic cross-country sprint final on 11 February, Teodor Peterson and Emil Jönsson could pinch a medal each, silver and bronze respective. It was Sweden's third and fourth medal at the Games, all won in cross-country skiing. Marcus Hellner also participated in the final, but finished in sixth place after a fall. In the women's final, Ida Ingemarsdotter finished fifth. Another fifth place was obtained by Emma Dahlström,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16503663", "score": "1.0594025", "original_retrieval_index": 35 }, { "title": "Ireen Wüst", "text": "1500 metres at the 2018 Winter Olympics she has won a record ten Olympic medals, more than any other speed skater, making her the most successful athlete of the Netherlands at the Olympics. She is also a six-time world allround champion, a twelve-time world single distance champion, and a five-time European allround champion. In 2014, she was elected by Reuters as the Sportswoman of the World. Wüst debuted at the 2004 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships in November 2003 with ninth place in both the 500m and 1500m events. At the end of the season she won the silver medal", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7167444", "score": "1.0587748", "original_retrieval_index": 36 } ]

[ "United States Senate", "The Senate" ]

[ { "title": "Procedures of the United States House of Representatives", "text": "Procedures of the United States House of Representatives The United States Constitution provides that each \"House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings,\" therefore each Congress of the United States, upon convening, approves its own governing rules of procedure. This clause has been interpreted by the courts to mean that a new Congress is not bound by the rules of proceedings of the previous Congress. Currently the procedures of the United States House of Representatives are governed by the Constitution, the House Rules, and Jefferson's \"Manual\". Prior to the adoption of the rules by the United States House of Representatives,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1573076", "score": "1.0901192", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "United States House Committee on Rules", "text": "United States House Committee on Rules The Committee on Rules, or more commonly, the Rules Committee, is a committee of the United States House of Representatives. Rather than being responsible for a specific area of policy, as most other committees are, it is in charge of determining under what \"rule\" other bills will come to the floor. As such, it is one of the most powerful committees and is often described as \"an arm of the leadership\" and as the \"traffic cop of Congress.\" A rule is a simple resolution of the House of Representatives, usually reported by the Committee", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2597925", "score": "1.0847318", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "United States House Rules Subcommittee on Rules and the Organization of the House", "text": "United States House Rules Subcommittee on Rules and the Organization of the House The Subcommittee on Rules and Organization of the House is a subcommittee within the House Rules Committee Under the Committee rules, as amended for the 110th Congress, the Rules and the Organization of the House subcommittee will have general responsibility for measures or matters related to relations between the two Houses of Congress, relations between the Congress and the Judiciary, and internal operations of the House. This subcommittee has the primary responsibility for the continued examination of the committee structure and jurisdictional issues of all House Committees.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10463203", "score": "1.0810943", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "United States House of Representatives", "text": "of the rostrum. Per the Constitution, the House determines the rules according to which it passes legislation. The rules are in principle open to change with each new Congress, but in practice each new session amends a standing set of rules built up over the history of the body in an early resolution published for public inspection. Before legislation reaches the floor of the House, the Rules Committee normally passes a rule to govern debate on that measure (which then must be passed by the full House before it becomes effective). For instance, the committee determines if amendments to the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12503573", "score": "1.0685943", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Procedures of the United States House of Representatives", "text": "the House operates under general parliamentary rules and Jefferson's \"Manual\" but these are not binding on the current House until they are approved by the membership of the current Congress. Historically, the current Congress will adopt the rules of the previous Congress and make any amendments they think are necessary to govern themselves. The Rules of the House of Representatives are prepared by the Clerk of the House. The 115th United States Congress has the rules of the 114th, subject to the amendments of H.RES.5, though rule 28 (XXVIII) is reserved. Rule I pertains to the Speaker of the House.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1573077", "score": "1.0591195", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Speaker of the United States House of Representatives", "text": "House. The Speaker is responsible for maintaining decorum in the House and may order the Sergeant-at-Arms to enforce House rules. The Speaker's powers and duties extend beyond presiding in the chamber. In particular, the Speaker has great influence over the committee process. The Speaker selects nine of the thirteen members of the powerful Committee on Rules, subject to the approval of the entire majority party. The leadership of the minority party chooses the remaining four members. Furthermore, the Speaker appoints all members of select committees and conference committees. Moreover, when a bill is introduced, the Speaker determines which committee will", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "565019", "score": "1.0532417", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives", "text": "Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives The Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives manages, supervises, and administers its Office of the Parliamentarian, which is responsible for advising presiding officers, Members, and staff on procedural questions under the U.S. Constitution, rule, and precedent, as well as for preparing, compiling, and publishing the precedents of the House. The Parliamentarian is appointed by the Speaker of the House of Representatives without regard to political affiliation and solely on the basis of fitness to perform the duties of the position. Consultation with the Office is confidential (if requested). The Parliamentarian,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7585652", "score": "1.0521468", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "United States House Committee on Rules", "text": "Congresses (1849–1853). From 1853 until 1880, the panel reverted to being a select committee (as it had been before 1849). Between 1880 and the revolt against Speaker Cannon, in March 1910, the Speaker of the House also served as Chairman of the Rules Committee. Sources: (Chairs), (D), (R) and (D). United States House Committee on Rules The Committee on Rules, or more commonly, the Rules Committee, is a committee of the United States House of Representatives. Rather than being responsible for a specific area of policy, as most other committees are, it is in charge of determining under what \"rule\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2597936", "score": "1.0368865", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives", "text": "distribution of the precedents of the House are authorized by law (, et seq.). The current Parliamentarian is Thomas J. Wickham Jr. He succeeds John V. Sullivan (2004–12), Charles W. Johnson III (1994–2004), William Holmes Brown (1974–94), and Lewis Deschler (1928–74). Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives The Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives manages, supervises, and administers its Office of the Parliamentarian, which is responsible for advising presiding officers, Members, and staff on procedural questions under the U.S. Constitution, rule, and precedent, as well as for preparing, compiling, and publishing the precedents of the House.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7585657", "score": "1.0271862", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Standing Rules of the United States Senate", "text": "The Standing Rules of the Senate are the parliamentary procedures adopted by the United States Senate that govern its procedure. The Senate's power to establish rules derives from Article One, Section 5 of the United States Constitution: \"Each House may determine the rules of its proceedings...\"", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Rules Committee (Georgia House)", "text": "of the House of Representatives to be recognized.\" , the members of the House Rules Committee are: Rules Committee (Georgia House) The House Rules Committee is a 34 member legislative body consisting of a chairman, a vice-chairman, a secretary, and 31 members. The Committee operates under a House mandate to oversee the movement of legislation from passage in committee to debate and voting on the House floor. The House Rules Committee is responsible for overseeing the \"flow of legislation from passage in committee and making the determination of what bills should be debated and voted on the House floor\". The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17388757", "score": "1.0232365", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Rules Committee (Georgia House)", "text": "Rules Committee (Georgia House) The House Rules Committee is a 34 member legislative body consisting of a chairman, a vice-chairman, a secretary, and 31 members. The Committee operates under a House mandate to oversee the movement of legislation from passage in committee to debate and voting on the House floor. The House Rules Committee is responsible for overseeing the \"flow of legislation from passage in committee and making the determination of what bills should be debated and voted on the House floor\". The committee also has jurisdiction over the task of approving all guests \"who are invited into the chambers", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17388756", "score": "1.0169903", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "United States House Committee on Elections", "text": "United States House Committee on Elections The United States House Committee on Elections is a former standing committee of the United States House of Representatives. Article 1, section 5, of the Constitution of the United States specifies: \"Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns, and Qualifications of its own Members.\" The Committee on Elections was established as the first standing committee of the House to perform this function on April 13, 1789, just two weeks after the first quorum allowed the House of Representatives to organize itself. Rule number 7 of the first rules adopted by the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7755167", "score": "1.0160577", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Clerk of the United States House of Representatives", "text": "office. The current Clerk is Karen L. Haas, of Maryland. She replaced Lorraine C. Miller at the beginning of the 112th Congress. Robert Reeves is Deputy Clerk and Gigi Kelaher is Senior Advisor to the Clerk. The Constitution of the United States states in Article 1, Section 2, “The House of Representatives shall chuse their Speaker and other Officers...” On April 1, 1789, when the House of Representatives convened with its first quorum, its initial order of business was the election of the Speaker, Frederick Augustus Conrad Muhlenberg, a Representative from Pennsylvania. The next order of business was the election", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6041188", "score": "1.0151814", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Curator of the House of Representatives", "text": "House is Farar Elliott. Curator of the House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives' Curator is an employee of the United States House of Representatives, under the supervision of the Clerk of the House, who is responsible for the care of the House Collection of Fine Arts and Artifacts, on behalf of the House Fine Arts Board. The House's Office of Art and Artifacts collects, preserves, and interprets the House's fine and decorative arts, and historic objects. Through exhibits, publications, and other programs, the Office supports the House in preserving and presenting the heritage of the House. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18130466", "score": "1.0086884", "original_retrieval_index": 38 }, { "title": "Parliamentarian of the United States House of Representatives", "text": "requisite transparency by publication. The publications of the Office of the Parliamentarian range from a biennial deskbook to a decennial hornbook to a perennial series of formal precedents. The House Rules and Manual – comprising the Constitution, Jefferson’s Manual, and the rules of the House, each with parliamentary annotations – is the biennial publication that ensures that legislative practitioners have access to the most up-to-date citations of authority on legislative and parliamentary procedure. As such it might be the single most useful tool a legislative practitioner could have. Probably the most important job of the Office of the Parliamentarian in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7585654", "score": "1.0045285", "original_retrieval_index": 41 }, { "title": "United States House Rules Subcommittee on Rules and the Organization of the House", "text": "In the past, the subcommittee has considered measures dealing with \"fast track\" procedures for consideration of trade legislation, prohibitions on unfunded mandates, the recodification of the rules of the House, issues relating to a 21st-century Congress and the impact of technology on the process and procedures of the House. United States House Rules Subcommittee on Rules and the Organization of the House The Subcommittee on Rules and Organization of the House is a subcommittee within the House Rules Committee Under the Committee rules, as amended for the 110th Congress, the Rules and the Organization of the House subcommittee will have", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10463204", "score": "1.0025803", "original_retrieval_index": 45 }, { "title": "Curator of the House of Representatives", "text": "Curator of the House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives' Curator is an employee of the United States House of Representatives, under the supervision of the Clerk of the House, who is responsible for the care of the House Collection of Fine Arts and Artifacts, on behalf of the House Fine Arts Board. The House's Office of Art and Artifacts collects, preserves, and interprets the House's fine and decorative arts, and historic objects. Through exhibits, publications, and other programs, the Office supports the House in preserving and presenting the heritage of the House. The current Curator of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18130465", "score": "1.0018456", "original_retrieval_index": 47 }, { "title": "United States House Committee on Rules", "text": "authority for district work periods, and may waive or modify certain points of order or rules of the house if desired by the committee, and the committee is also allowed to self-execute amendments right in the rule rather than delegating this ability to the full house floor. Sources: (R), (D). The Rules Committee operates with two subcommittees, one focusing on legislative and budget matters and the other focusing on the internal operations and procedures of the House. Source: House Committee on Rules Subcommittees The Committee on Rules was first a standing committee of the House, during the 31st and 32nd", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2597935", "score": "1.0000856", "original_retrieval_index": 49 }, { "title": "United States House Committee on Elections", "text": "abolished and their jurisdiction included in that of the new House Administration Committee. In November 2018, Nancy Pelosi announced her intention to restore the Elections Subcommittee of the Committee on House Administration in the 116th Congress and name Congresswoman Marcia L. Fudge the Chair. United States House Committee on Elections The United States House Committee on Elections is a former standing committee of the United States House of Representatives. Article 1, section 5, of the Constitution of the United States specifies: \"Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns, and Qualifications of its own Members.\" The Committee on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7755169", "score": "0.9958678", "original_retrieval_index": 51 }, { "title": "Speaker of the United States House of Representatives", "text": "determining a quorum. Through these and other rulings, Reed ensured that the Democrats could not block the Republican agenda. The speakership reached its apogee during the term of Republican Joseph Gurney Cannon (1903–1911). Cannon exercised extraordinary control over the legislative process. He determined the agenda of the House, appointed the members of all committees, chose committee chairmen, headed the Rules Committee, and determined which committee heard each bill. He vigorously used his powers to ensure that Republican proposals were passed by the House. In 1910, however, Democrats and several dissatisfied Republicans joined together to strip Cannon of many of his", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "564994", "score": "0.9952903", "original_retrieval_index": 52 }, { "title": "Clerk of the United States House of Representatives", "text": "summaries and schedules of House activities published in the Daily Digest section of the Congressional Record. A bill clerk receives and processes official papers including introduced bills and resolutions, amendments and additional co-sponsors. A journal clerk compiles the daily minutes of House proceedings and publishes these in the \"House Journal\" at the end of each session. The \"House Journal\" is the official record of the proceedings maintained in accordance with Article I, Section 5 of the U.S. Constitution. A tally clerk operates the electronic voting system, oversees the recording of votes on the House floor, receives reports of committees, and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6041200", "score": "0.99146205", "original_retrieval_index": 54 }, { "title": "Speaker of the United States House of Representatives", "text": "Speaker of the United States House of Representatives The Speaker of the House is the presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives. The office was established in 1789 by Article I, of the United States Constitution. The Speaker is the political and parliamentary leader of the House of Representatives, and is simultaneously the House's presiding officer, \"de facto\" leader of the body's majority party, and the institution's administrative head. Speakers also perform various other administrative and procedural functions. Given these several roles and responsibilities, the Speaker usually does not personally preside over debates. That duty is instead delegated", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "564980", "score": "0.9894764", "original_retrieval_index": 56 }, { "title": "United States House Committee on House Administration", "text": "United States House Committee on House Administration The United States House Committee on House Administration deals with the general administration matters of the United States House of Representatives. The Committee on House Administration is a standing committee of the United States House of Representatives. The powers and duties of the Committee include the statutory responsibilities of the Committee on House Administration, as determined primarily by the Legislative Reorganization Acts of 1946 and 1970; the House of Representatives Administrative Reform Technical Corrections Act of 1996; and the Rules of the House of Representatives adopted on January 6, 1999. The Committee on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4914760", "score": "0.9838474", "original_retrieval_index": 66 }, { "title": "United States House Committee on the Election of the President, Vice President and Representatives in Congress", "text": "United States House Committee on the Election of the President, Vice President and Representatives in Congress The United States House Committee on the Election of the President, Vice President, and Representatives in Congress is a former standing committee of the United States House of Representatives. The committee was established in 1893 with jurisdiction over legislation concerning the election of the officials enumerated in its title, including proposed changes to the Constitution that affected the terms of office of the named officials, the succession to the offices of the President and Vice President, the direct election of Senators, and the meeting", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7755241", "score": "0.9815962", "original_retrieval_index": 67 }, { "title": "Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives", "text": "Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives The Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives is one of the officers of the United States House of Representatives. The House cites the first half of Article 1, Section 2, Clause 5 in the United States Constitution as giving it the authority to elect a Chaplain, \"The House of Representatives shall choose their speaker and other officers\". The office of the Clerk of the House explains \"The other officers have been created and their duties defined by the rules of the House, which also are made pursuant to the authority", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15331914", "score": "0.9739573", "original_retrieval_index": 76 }, { "title": "Joseph Gurney Cannon", "text": "of the Rules Committee, which determined under what rules and restrictions bills could be debated, amended, and voted on, and in some cases whether they would be allowed on the floor at all. As such, Cannon effectively controlled every aspect of the House's agenda: bills reached the floor of the house only if Cannon approved of them, and then in whatever form he determined — with Cannon himself deciding whether and to what extent the measures could be debated and amended. Cannon also reserved to himself the right to appoint not only the chairs of the various House committees, but", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "215376", "score": "0.97048086", "original_retrieval_index": 79 }, { "title": "Speaker of the Texas House of Representatives", "text": "the legislature. As a member of the House of Representatives, the Speaker may vote on all questions before the House. The other duties and responsibilities of the Speaker are determined by the members of the house in the House Rules of Procedure, which are adopted by a majority vote of the members at the beginning of each regular session of the legislature. The members give the Speaker the authority to appoint the membership of each standing committee, subject to rules on seniority, and to designate the chair and vice chair for each committee. Under the rules, the Speaker is responsible", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7557848", "score": "0.9704543", "original_retrieval_index": 81 }, { "title": "United States House of Representatives", "text": "of the House speak. No member may make a speech or a motion unless s/he has first been recognized by the presiding officer. Moreover, the presiding officer may rule on a \"point of order\" (a member's objection that a rule has been breached); the decision is subject to appeal to the whole House. Speakers serve as chairs of their party's steering committee, which is responsible for assigning party members to other House committees. The Speaker chooses the chairmen of standing committees, appoints most of the members of the Rules Committee, appoints all members of conference committees, and determines which committees", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12503559", "score": "0.96841437", "original_retrieval_index": 88 }, { "title": "Majority Floor Leader of the House of Representatives of the Philippines", "text": "Rules. The Majority Floor Leader of the House of Representatives for the 17th Congress of the Philippines is Rolando Andaya Jr., who was elected on July 30, 2018. Majority Floor Leader of the House of Representatives of the Philippines The Majority Floor Leader of the House of Representatives of the Philippines (also called as the House of Representatives Majority Floor Leader) is the leader elected by the majority bloc of the House of Representatives of the Philippines that serves as their official leader in the body. He also manages the business of the majority part in the House of Representatives.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17432795", "score": "0.967127", "original_retrieval_index": 89 } ]

[ "1931", "In 1931" ]

[ { "title": "Gambling in the United States", "text": "After World War II, enforcement of gambling laws became more strict in most places and the desert town of Las Vegas became an attractive target for investment by crime figures such as New York's Bugsy Siegel. The town rapidly developed during the 1950s dooming some illegal gambling empires such as Galveston. Nevada, and Las Vegas in particular, became the center of gambling in the U.S. In the 1960s Howard Hughes and other legitimate investors purchased many of the most important hotels and casinos in the city gradually reducing the city's connections to organized crime. Southern Maryland became popular for its", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6818733", "score": "1.104645", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "History of Las Vegas", "text": "intersected there, the area of Las Vegas was quickly growing. On May 15, 1905, Las Vegas officially was founded as a city, when , in what would later become downtown, were auctioned to ready buyers. Las Vegas was the driving force in the creation of Clark County, Nevada in 1909 and the city was incorporated in 1911 as a part of the county. The first mayor of Las Vegas was Peter Buol who served from 1911-1913. Shortly after the city's incorporation, the State of Nevada reluctantly became the last western state to outlaw gaming. This occurred at midnight, October 1,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5363397", "score": "1.096695", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "History of Las Vegas", "text": "1910, when a strict anti-gambling law became effective in Nevada. It even forbade the western custom of flipping a coin for the price of a drink. Nonetheless, Las Vegas had a diversified economy and a stable and prosperous business community, and therefore continued to grow until 1917. In that year, a combination of economic influences and the redirection of resources by the federal government in support of the war effort forced the Las Vegas and Tonopah Railroad to declare bankruptcy. Although William Clark sold the remains of the company to the Union Pacific Railroad, a nationwide strike in 1922 left", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5363398", "score": "1.0801327", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "History of Las Vegas", "text": "gambling empire in Galveston, Texas, which had pioneered the high-class casino concepts that became mainstays on the Strip. The Flamingo initially lost money and Siegel died in a hail of gunfire in Beverly Hills, California in the summer of 1947. Additionally, local police and Clark County Sheriff deputies were notorious for their heavy-handed tactics toward mobsters who \"grew too big for their pants.\" However, many mobsters saw the potential that gambling offered in Las Vegas. From 1952 to 1957, through money and institutional lending provided by the Teamsters Union and some Mormon bankers they built the Sahara, the Sands, the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5363407", "score": "1.0775762", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Las Vegas", "text": "television programs, and music videos. Las Vegas was settled in 1905 and officially incorporated in 1911. At the close of the 20th century, it was the most populated American city founded within that century (a similar distinction earned by Chicago in the 1800s). Population growth has accelerated since the 1960s, and between 1990 and 2000 the population nearly doubled, increasing by 85.2%. Rapid growth has continued into the 21st century, and according to a 2018 estimate, the population is 648,224 with a regional population of 2,227,053. \"Las Vegas\" is often used to describe areas beyond official city limits—especially the areas", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "583316", "score": "1.062224", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Las Vegas in the 1950s", "text": "The Riviera, The Fremont, Binion's Horseshoe, and finally The Tropicana. Gambling was no longer the only attraction by the 1950s; the biggest stars of films and music like Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, Sammy Davis, Jr., Peter Lawford, Andy Williams, Liberace, Bing Crosby, Carol Channing, and others performed in intimate settings and brought a whole new brigade of Hollywood film stars and others in the entertainment business to the city. In 1957, the first topless show \"Minsky's Follies\" was started here. While Las Vegas in 1940 had a population of 8,422, by 1950, it had increased to 24,624 people. The cornering", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17342199", "score": "1.0592357", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Las Vegas in the 1950s", "text": "Sinatra, Dean Martin, Andy Williams, Liberace, Bing Crosby, Carol Channing, and others performed in intimate settings. After coming to see these stars, the tourists would resume gambling, and then eat at the gourmet buffets that have become a staple of the casino industry. As the city became a centre for gambling, illegal activity became rife and many muckraking scandals emerged in the press during the 1950s and 1960s. For instance, in 1954 County Sheriff Glen Jones was revealed as a brothel owner and led to the resignation of state Democratic Governor Clifford Jones. A new utility company, Southwest Gas expanded", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17342211", "score": "1.0561223", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Las Vegas in the 1940s", "text": "Las Vegas in the 1940s Las Vegas in the 1940s was notable for the establishment of The Strip in a town which \"combined Wild West frontier friendliness with glamor and excitement\". In 1940, the population was 8,400 but within five years, it more than doubled its size. The Las Vegas Valley had a population of 13,937 in 1940, increasing to 35,000 in just two years. In the early 1940s, the town experienced political problems resulting in two city governments, each claiming to have the right to rule. The militarization of Las Vegas began when the Army Gunnery School (now Nellis", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17400778", "score": "1.0481362", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "History of Nevada", "text": "the world until Harold's Club surpassed it in the 1950s. The Second World War was very good to Reno as local bases and those in Northern California helped boost the economy. In the late 1940s \"Bugsy\" Siegel helped get Las Vegas on the map by first building the most expensive casino in the world, the Flamingo, and then by being gunned down in his Beverly Hills home. Las Vegas casinos of the 1950s were mostly low-rise building taking advantage of the wide-open spaces that Reno didn't offer in the downtown area of Virginia Street. However, Las Vegas boomed with new", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11390491", "score": "1.0434476", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "History of Las Vegas", "text": "Realizing that gambling would be profitable for local business, the Nevada state legislature legalized gambling at the local level in 1931. Las Vegas, with a small but already well-established illegal gambling industry, was poised to begin its rise as the gaming capital of the world. The county issued the first gambling license in 1931 to the Northern Club, and soon other casinos were licensed on Fremont Street like the Las Vegas Club and the Apache Hotel. Fremont Street became the first paved street in Las Vegas and received the city's first traffic light in 1931.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Las Vegas in the 1950s", "text": "Las Vegas in the 1950s Las Vegas in the 1950s was a time of considerable change. By the 1950s, there were 44,600 living in the Las Vegas Valley. Over 8 million people were visiting Las Vegas annually in 1954, pumping $200 million into casinos, which consolidated its image as \"wild, full of late-night, exotic entertainment\". The population grew dramatically from 8,422 during World War II to over 45,000. From 1952 to 1957, through money and institutional lending provided by the Teamsters Union and some Mormon bankers they built the Sahara, the Sands, the New Frontier, the Royal Nevada the Showboat,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17342198", "score": "1.0376191", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Las Vegas Strip", "text": "Vegas, opening on April 3, 1941, with 63 rooms. That casino/ resort stood for almost 20 years before being destroyed by a fire in 1960. Its success spawned a second hotel on what would become the Strip, the Hotel Last Frontier in 1942. Organized crime figures such as New York's Bugsy Siegel took interest in the growing gaming center leading to other resorts such as the Flamingo, which opened in 1946, and the Desert Inn, which opened in 1950. The funding for many projects was provided through the American National Insurance Company, which was based in the then notorious gambling", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2577947", "score": "1.0367286", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "History of Las Vegas", "text": "crime lords helped develop the casinos and showgirl theaters to entertain the largely male dam construction workers. Despite the influx of known crime figures, the local business community tried to cast Las Vegas in a respectable light when the Secretary of the Interior Ray Lyman Wilbur visited in 1929 to inspect the dam site. However a subordinate was found with alcohol on his breath (this was during the time of Prohibition) after a visit to Block 16 in Las Vegas. The government ultimately decided that a federal-controlled town, Boulder City, would be erected for the dam workers. Realizing that gambling", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5363400", "score": "1.0264772", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Las Vegas in the 1950s", "text": "vicinity. In the early 1950s, Louigi's Italian restaurant opened on the strip; by the mid-1950s, the Venetian Pizzeria opened near Downtown; and in the later part of the decade, Tony's Italian Restaurant opened on Fremont Street. Las Vegas in the 1950s Las Vegas in the 1950s was a time of considerable change. By the 1950s, there were 44,600 living in the Las Vegas Valley. Over 8 million people were visiting Las Vegas annually in 1954, pumping $200 million into casinos, which consolidated its image as \"wild, full of late-night, exotic entertainment\". The population grew dramatically from 8,422 during World War", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17342223", "score": "1.0252826", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Las Vegas in the 1950s", "text": "organized crime who provided unreported income and street muscle, such as Meyer Lansky these crime hotels came to be regarded as the epitome of gambling entertainment. In 1950, the Last Frontier's Western Village was converted into the Silver Slipper. The Desert Inn opened on 24 April 1950; Frank Sinatra's first performance at The Desert Inn was held in September 1951. The first edition of \"The Las Vegas Sun\" was published on 1 July 1950 by Hank Greenspun with the header \"Las Vegas Morning Sun\" inquiry into Organized crime was started by Senator Estes Kefauver on 15 November 1950. Above-ground nuclear", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17342202", "score": "1.02249", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "History of Las Vegas", "text": "New Frontier, the Royal Nevada, the Showboat, The Riviera, The Fremont, Binion's Horseshoe (which was the Apache Hotel), and finally The Tropicana. Owned and operated by a joint combination of Mormon elders who provided political and business legitimacy and people involved with organized crime who provided unreported income and street muscle, such as Meyer Lansky, these crime hotels became regarded as the epitome of gambling entertainment. Even with the general knowledge that some of the owners of these casino resorts had dubious backgrounds, by 1954, over 8 million people were visiting Las Vegas yearly pumping $200 million into casinos. Gambling", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5363408", "score": "1.021505", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "History of Las Vegas", "text": "out of business. On April 3, 1941, hotel owner Thomas Hull opened the El Rancho Vegas. It was the first resort on what would become the Las Vegas Strip. The hotel gained much of its fame from the gourmet buffet that it offered. On October 30, 1942, Texas cinema magnate R. E. Griffith rebuilt on the site of a nightclub called Pair-O-Dice, that first opened in 1930, and renamed it Hotel Last Frontier. A few more resorts were built on and around Fremont Street, but it was the next hotel on the Strip that publicly demonstrated the influence of organized", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5363405", "score": "1.015732", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Downtown Las Vegas", "text": "legitimate business. In 1989, entrepreneur Steve Wynn changed the face of the Las Vegas gaming industry by opening up The Mirage, the Las Vegas Strip’s first mega-casino resort. This strengthened the pull of visitors away from the downtown area. In 1995, the Fremont Street Experience in Las Vegas’ downtown area was opened. This canopied, five-block area features 12.5 million LED lights and 550,000 watts of sound from dusk until midnight during shows held on the top of each hour. Due to years of revitalization efforts, 2012 was dubbed “The Year of Downtown.” Hundreds of millions of dollars’ worth of projects", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5372388", "score": "1.0149056", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Las Vegas", "text": "in 1935. In 1941, the Las Vegas Army Air Corps Gunnery School was established. Currently known as Nellis Air Force Base, it is home to the aerobatic team called the Thunderbirds. Following World War II, lavishly decorated hotels, gambling casinos, and big-name entertainment became synonymous with Las Vegas. In the 1950s the Moulin Rouge opened and became the first racially integrated casino-hotel in Las Vegas. In 1951, nuclear weapons testing began at the Nevada Test Site, northwest of Las Vegas. City residents and visitors were able to witness the mushroom clouds (and were exposed to the fallout) until 1963, when", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "583320", "score": "1.0083562", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Downtown Las Vegas", "text": "hotels, gambling casinos and big-name entertainment became synonymous with Las Vegas. The 1950s saw the opening of the Moulin Rouge Hotel, the first racially integrated casino-hotel in Las Vegas. In 1951, the first atomic bomb detonation at the Nevada Test Site, 65 miles northwest of Las Vegas, occurred. City residents and visitors were able to witness the mushroom clouds until 1963, when the Limited Test Ban Treaty required that nuclear tests be moved underground. During the 1960s, corporations and business powerhouses such as Howard Hughes were building and buying hotel-casino properties. Gambling was referred to as \"gaming,\" which transitioned into", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5372387", "score": "1.0074799", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Las Vegas in the 1950s", "text": "of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV)was first established, initially as a branch of the University of Nevada, Reno and becoming independent in 1969. Irwin Molasky, Nathan Adelson, Moe Dalitz, and Allard Roen built Sunrise Hospital in the 1950s financed in part by US$1,000,000 loaned to them by Jimmy Hoffa from the Teamsters pension fund; Nathan's son, Merv Adelson served as the hospital's first president after it opened in 1958. By 1958, the Stardust brought in the French production show, \"Lido de Paris\". The Gaming Commission of Nevada was established on 30 March 1959. In 1959, the Clark County Commission built the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17342221", "score": "1.0062183", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Las Vegas in the 1940s", "text": "Air Force Base) was established in 1941; between 1941–45, 55,000 students attended classes here. The city of Henderson was established in 1941. During the World War II period, when defense spending was high, tourist traffic to Las Vegas necessitated raising of many new buildings on the Fifth street, Fremont Street and many other prime roads leading to the casinos. During the 40s and also in the 50s the resort sector also developed in a big way to the detriment of the residential houses in many of the residential streets. Suburbs with single family housing complexes and apartment blocks sprung up", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17400779", "score": "1.0051303", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "History of Las Vegas", "text": "people died and 785 were injured in what remains the worst disaster in Nevada history. The property was eventually sold and reopened as Bally's Las Vegas, while MGM moved south to Tropicana Avenue. The \"Mafia/Rat Pack\" Las Vegas of the mid-20th century came to a gradual end in the 1980s with the aging out of the World War II generation, the decline of organized crime elements, and the rise of baby boomer entrepreneurs who began a new chapter in the city's history, the so-called megaresort era. Las Vegas began to become a more commercialized, family-oriented place with large corporations coming", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5363426", "score": "1.0050714", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Las Vegas", "text": "industry, however, is located on the Las Vegas Strip, outside the city limits in the surrounding unincorporated communities of Paradise and Winchester in Clark County. The largest and most notable casinos and buildings are located there. When The Mirage opened in 1989, it started a trend of major resort development on the Las Vegas Strip outside of the city. This resulted in a drop in tourism in the downtown area, but many recent projects have increased the number of visitors to downtown. An effort has been made by city officials to diversify the economy by attracting health-related, high-tech and other", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "583337", "score": "1.00373", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "History of Las Vegas", "text": "and ownership stakes in a number of casinos. One problem for the City of Las Vegas was that the Strip did not reside in Las Vegas . Because of this, the city lost tax revenue. There was a push to annex the Strip by the City of Las Vegas, but The Syndicate used the Clark County Commissioners to pull a legal maneuver by organizing the Las Vegas Strip properties into an unincorporated township called Paradise. Under Nevada Law, an incorporated town, Las Vegas, cannot annex an unincorporated township. To this day, virtually all of the Strip remains outside the City", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5363416", "score": "1.0021906", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "History of Las Vegas", "text": "was no longer the only attraction; the biggest stars of films and music like Frank Sinatra, Dean Martin, Andy Williams, Liberace, Bing Crosby, Carol Channing, and others performed in intimate settings. After coming to see these stars, the tourists would resume gambling, and then eat at the gourmet buffets that have become a staple of the casino industry. However, the confluence of various marginal and/or suspected groups such as Jews, Sicilians, and Mormons into the gambling enterprises in Las Vegas and the subsequent cornering of the gambling market in the city by these groups sparked a two-year investigation by Senator", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5363409", "score": "0.99784565", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "History of Las Vegas", "text": "the dam workers to Las Vegas. Smuggling and circuitous routes then were developed. In 1934, to curtail these activities and the resulting growth of criminal figures in the gambling industry, the city's leading figures purged gambling dens and started an effort to stem the flow of workers from the dam. This only emboldened some dam workers who still contrived to visit Las Vegas. A celebration of this era has become known as Helldorado Days. Although the suppression efforts resulted in declines at gambling venues and resulted in a business downturn, the city was recharged—both literally and figuratively—when the dam was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5363402", "score": "0.9928547", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Las Vegas", "text": "the limited Test Ban Treaty required that nuclear tests be moved underground. The iconic \"Welcome to Las Vegas\" sign, which was never located within municipal limits, was created in 1959 by Betty Willis. During the 1960s, corporations and business powerhouses such as Howard Hughes were building and buying hotel-casino properties. Gambling was referred to as \"gaming\" which transitioned into legitimate business. The year 1995 marked the opening of the Fremont Street Experience in Las Vegas's downtown area. This canopied five-block area features 12.5 million LED lights and 550,000 watts of sound from dusk until midnight during shows held on the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "583321", "score": "0.99200755", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Louis Theroux: Gambling in Las Vegas", "text": "Louis Theroux: Gambling in Las Vegas Louis Theroux: Gambling in Las Vegas is a TV documentary written and presented by Louis Theroux. He heads to the Las Vegas Hilton, to reveal the world behind the myths of casino culture. Among the people he meets are two of the casino's 'high-rollers' and an employee who looks after them as well as a retired doctor who says she has gambled away $4 million in seven years. The programme was first broadcast on 4 February 2007 on BBC Two. The Times newspaper gave the documentary a positive review. The Sydney Morning Herald commented", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14308829", "score": "0.9897952", "original_retrieval_index": 33 }, { "title": "History of Las Vegas", "text": "crime on Las Vegas. Although ethnic organized crime figures had been involved in some of the operations at the hotels, the Mafia bosses never owned or controlled the hotels and clubs which remained monopolized by hard-bitten local Las Vegas families who were unwilling to cede ground to the crime bosses and proved strong enough to push back. This changed in post-war Las Vegas when Jewish gangster Bugsy Siegel, with help from friend and fellow mob boss Meyer Lansky, poured money through Mormon-owned banks for cover of legitimacy and built The Flamingo in 1946. Siegel modeled his enterprises on the long-running", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5363406", "score": "0.98921615", "original_retrieval_index": 34 } ]

[ "Clayton Kershaw", "Alex Rodriguez" ]

[ { "title": "Personal finances of professional American athletes", "text": "professionally, top pitcher Christy Mathewson—who had made more money as a player than Cobb—warned, \"Keep out of baseball unless you are sure of being a star!\" He stated that the average player did not make enough over a ten-year career to justify devoting those years to the sport. By 1941, Hank Greenberg was the highest-paid player in baseball, earning $55,000 a season ($ today). Stan Musial's $80,000 a season ($ today) was the highest in 1952, while young star Mickey Mantle earned $10,000 a season ($ today). Musial, like Cobb, supplemented his income; he owned a restaurant. Baseball outfielder Torii", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15218311", "score": "1.0128742", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Jerry Reinsdorf", "text": "employer of the highest paid Major League Baseball player and highest paid professional basketball player (Jordan) at the same time. Reinsdorf had just re-signed Jordan after the 1995–96 NBA season. However, Jordan had been underpaid most of his career, and Reinsdorf, who did not feel he could justify the $30 million salary from a business standpoint, immediately realized he was going to soon feel buyer's remorse. Even his most successful baseball team was not highly paid: when the White Sox won the 2005 World Series, Reinsdorf had the 13th highest payroll of the 30 Major League Baseball teams. After Reinsdorf", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4987999", "score": "0.9808897", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Vladimir Guerrero Jr.", "text": "Vladimir Guerrero Jr. Vladimir Guerrero Ramos Jr. (born March 16, 1999) is a Canadian-Dominican professional baseball third baseman in the Toronto Blue Jays organization. He is considered the top prospect in all of professional baseball by both Major League Baseball (MLB) and \"Baseball America\". Guerrero was ranked as the 2015 top international free agent by \"Baseball America\", and 4th overall by MLB. He signed with Toronto on July 2, 2015, for $3.9 million. Guerrero was assigned to extended spring training camp to open the 2016 minor league season. On June 22, it was announced that Guerrero would make his professional", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18935375", "score": "0.97556216", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Sam Horn", "text": "hit the first home run in the Taiwan Major League and held the record of being the highest paid player in the Taiwan professional baseball history (USD $216,000 for the 1997 season) until surpassed by Chin-Feng Chen in 2006. On April 6, 1992, he scored the first ever run at Camden Yards. Horn’s most notable professional baseball “achievement” occurred on July 17, 1991 when he became only the fifth player in MLB history to strike out six times in a game (there have been two more occasions since). This occurred during a 15-inning game with the Milwaukee Brewers, after which", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5713665", "score": "0.9613272", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Fred Dunlap", "text": "Fred Dunlap Frederick C. \"Sure Shot\" Dunlap (May 21, 1859 – December 1, 1902) was a second baseman and manager in Major League Baseball from 1880 to 1891. He was the highest paid player in Major League Baseball from 1884 to 1889. He has also been rated by some contemporary and modern sources as the greatest overall second baseman of the 19th century. He earned the nickname \"Sure Shot\" for the strength and accuracy of his throws to first base, and was also sometimes referred to in the 1880s as the \"King of Second Basemen.\" He played for the Cleveland", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3569162", "score": "0.9591532", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Robby Thompson", "text": "the second-highest paid second baseman in baseball after Ryne Sandberg. During spring training in 1994, Thompson received a scare when he was hit on the left ear flap of his batting helmet by pitcher Mike Harkey of the Colorado Rockies. Thompson later stated the two beanings by Hoffman and Harkey were on his mind when he batted during games. In May, he went onto the disabled list and missed almost two months of the season. He returned in late June, but played in only seven games before undergoing surgery on his right shoulder and missed the rest of the season.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6089539", "score": "0.95287025", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Mickey Mantle", "text": "games, getting two walks in the first and a single in the second game. On January 16, 1961, Mantle became the highest-paid player in baseball by signing a $75,000 ($ today) contract. DiMaggio, Hank Greenberg, and Ted Williams, who had just retired, had been paid over $100,000 in a season, and Ruth had a peak salary of $80,000. Mantle became the highest-paid active player of his time. Mantle's top salary was $100,000, which he reached for the 1963 season. Having reached that pinnacle in his 13th season, he never asked for another raise. During the 1961 season, Mantle and teammate", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "734401", "score": "0.94342285", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Fred Dunlap", "text": "legitimate star in a legitimate major league, but a good second baseman and a .275 hitter.\" , or Retrosheet Fred Dunlap Frederick C. \"Sure Shot\" Dunlap (May 21, 1859 – December 1, 1902) was a second baseman and manager in Major League Baseball from 1880 to 1891. He was the highest paid player in Major League Baseball from 1884 to 1889. He has also been rated by some contemporary and modern sources as the greatest overall second baseman of the 19th century. He earned the nickname \"Sure Shot\" for the strength and accuracy of his throws to first base, and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3569195", "score": "0.92768824", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Bo McKinnis", "text": "(first overall in 2007). In December 2015, McKinnis negotiated the largest contract in Major League Baseball history for a pitcher when David Price received a seven-year $217 million contract from the Boston Red Sox. This also tied the record for largest average salary ever received by any player at $31 million per year, tying with Miguel Cabrera of the Detroit Tigers. This contract is also the largest contract ever in the history of the Boston Red Sox franchise. In 2012, McKinnis became the first, and only, agent ever to represent both Cy Young Award winners in the same year. David", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10454400", "score": "0.92081934", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "List of highest paid Major League Baseball players", "text": "The highest paid player in Major League Baseball (MLB) from the 2013 season is New York Yankees' third baseman Alex Rodriguez with an annual salary of $29,000,000, $4 million higher than the second-highest paid player, Cliff Lee. MLB does not have a hard salary cap, instead employing a luxury tax which applies to teams whose total payroll exceeds certain set thresholds for a given season. Free agency did not exist in MLB prior to the end of the reserve clause in the 1970s, allowing owners before that time to wholly dictate the terms of player negotiations and resulting in significantly", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Bobby Murcer", "text": "all major league outfielders in assists by throwing out 21 baserunners. He was 2nd in the A.L. in sacrifice flies (12), 7th in RBIs (88), and 9th in intentional walks (10), and was the highest-paid player in Yankee history, earning $120,000. Murcer was traded to the San Francisco Giants for Bobby Bonds in 1975 in baseball's first-ever even swap of $100,000 superstar players. In October the Yankees were looking for a quality starter and a righthanded power man. On the 22nd, in the early hours of the morning, Bobby Murcer was awakened in his Oklahoma home by the ring of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4945114", "score": "0.9192662", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Michael Ynoa", "text": "Michael Ynoa Michael Jose Ynoa Ventura (born September 24, 1991) also known as Michel Inoa, is a Dominican professional baseball pitcher who plays in the Kansas City Royals organization. Ynoa signed with the Oakland Athletics of Major League Baseball (MLB) for the amount of $4.25 million, setting a new record for the A's organization after lefty pitcher Mark Mulder was signed for 3.2 million in 2008. Ynoa was named the \"Number One\" and the \"crown jewel\" in the \"Best Latino Prospects of 2008.\" Ynoa is said to be the most impressive Latin American player prospect since Félix Hernández in 2002.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12163212", "score": "0.91628456", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Josh Donaldson", "text": "revealed as the cover athlete for \"MLB The Show 16\". In February 2016, Donaldson and the Blue Jays appeared to be heading to salary arbitration for the second consecutive year. Donaldson had asked for $11.8 million for the 2016 season, while the Blue Jays had countered at $11.35 million. On February 10, Donaldson signed a two-year, $28.65 million extension that paid him $11.65 million in 2016 and $17 million in 2017. In the first half of 2016, Donaldson resumed the high level of play from his MVP season. He won the June 19 Player of the Week Award after hitting", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14516753", "score": "0.91495883", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Josh Donaldson", "text": "ranked as the highest single-season total in club history, surpassing José Bautista's previous record of 8.1 in 2011. \"Sporting News\" announced on October 29, 2015, that Donaldson had won their MLB Player of the Year Award. Other awards included the American League Hank Aaron Award, the American League third baseman's Silver Slugger Award, and Players Choice Awards for both Major League Player of the Year and American League Outstanding Player. On November 19, 2015, Donaldson was named the 2015 American League Most Valuable Player (AL MVP), finishing ahead of Mike Trout and Lorenzo Cain. On December 5, 2015, Donaldson was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14516752", "score": "0.9149386", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada", "text": "enacted only modest forms of revenue sharing and luxury taxes. Compared to the other leagues, there is a far greater disparity between MLB payrolls. The New York Yankees had the highest payroll of any American sports team in 2006 when they paid $194 million in players' salaries – nearly twice the NFL salary cap and nearly thirteen times the payroll of the Florida Marlins who spent about $15 million (significantly less than the mandatory minimum team payrolls in the NFL and NHL). For the 2010–11 NHL season, the average player salary was slightly above the pre-lockout level of US $1.8", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9651923", "score": "0.9141925", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "New York Yankees", "text": "Marlins for reigning National League Most Valuable Player Giancarlo Stanton. A right fielder who bats right-handed, Stanton hit 59 home runs and drove in 132 runs--both major league highs--in 2017; his contract is the largest player contract in the history of professional sports in North America. On December 12, the Yankees traded third baseman Chase Headley and right-handed pitcher Bryan Mitchell to the San Diego Padres for outfielder Jabari Blash; following the move, Yankees GM Brian Cashman stated that the trade \"create[d] payroll flexibility\".On September 28, 2018 the Yankees tied the record for the most HR's in a season with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7642029", "score": "0.90419024", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Mariano Rivera", "text": "in the second half of 2013. Rivera earned approximately $169.6 million in salary during his baseball career. In March 2014, Rivera was twice recognized for his philanthropic efforts, receiving the ROBIE Humanitarian Award from the Jackie Robinson Foundation, as well as a Jefferson Award for Public Service. Later that month, the \"Legends Series\", comprising two MLB exhibition games between the Yankees and Miami Marlins, was played in Rivera's native Panama to \"honor [his] legacy\"; he helped promote the games, which were supplemented by charitable events and a gala benefiting his foundation. On April 9, 2014, MLB announced that a new", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2210179", "score": "0.9025415", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Catfish Hunter", "text": "a free agent. Hunter recalled being scared after he was declared a free agent. \"We don't belong to anybody\", he told his wife. Two weeks after he won his arbitration, Hunter became the highest-paid player in baseball when he signed a five-year contract with the New York Yankees worth $3.35 million. He had been courted by 23 of the 24 teams, including the A's but not the San Francisco Giants, and refused higher offers from the San Diego Padres and the Kansas City Royals. New York was closer to his home in North Carolina and the team played on natural", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3012274", "score": "0.9019644", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Jeff Borris", "text": "Jeff Borris Jeff Borris (born March 29, 1962) is a sports agent and attorney who has represented hundreds of Major League Baseball players over the past 30 years. The TV show Arliss was loosely based on the life of Borris. He is considered one of the top baseball salary arbitration experts in the world and has reportedly delivered some of the most lucrative player contracts in baseball history. Clients claim Borris has a way of getting deals done and his 24/7 work ethic is renowned throughout the industry. With over $1 billion worth of contracts negotiated, including breaking the salary", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16979019", "score": "0.9006874", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Barry Bonds", "text": "hit a home run in his first at-bat. Bonds finished the night 1-for-4. Upon his return, Bonds resumed his high-caliber performance at the plate, hitting home runs in four consecutive games from September 18 to 21 and finishing with five homers in only 14 games. In 2006, Bonds earned $20 million (not including bonuses), the fourth highest salary in baseball. Through the 2006 season he had earned approximately $172 million during his then 21-year career, making him baseball's all-time highest paid player. Bonds hit under .200 for his first 10 games of the season and did not hit a home", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "49705", "score": "0.8997186", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Bo McKinnis", "text": "Price won the award in the American League and R.A. Dickey won the award in the National League of Professional Baseball Clubs. In January 2015, McKinnis negotiated the largest one-year contract in the history of Major League Baseball salary arbitration when David Price received a 2015 salary of $19,750,000 from the Detroit Tigers. McKinnis is one of only two agents to have twice set the record for the largest signing bonus ever given to a drafted pitcher. In 2001, he set the record for the largest signing bonus ever given to a drafted pitcher with Dewon Brazelton receiving $4.2 million", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10454401", "score": "0.8995966", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "J. T. Snow", "text": "Eugenio Vélez, Omar Vizquel, and Rich Aurilia threw balls in the dirt to mess with Snow during fielding practice prior to the first pitch, but Snow still made the plays. For his brief official appearance, he received the prorated league minimum salary of $2,100. J. T. Snow Jack Thomas Snow Jr. (born February 26, 1968) is a former Major League Baseball player. He played all but two games in his career as a first baseman, and played nine of his 13½ seasons with the San Francisco Giants. He was known for his exceptional defense. After his retirement as a player,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3596269", "score": "0.89908296", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Yu Darvish", "text": "to the Fighters for the 2011 season. On 6 January 2011 Darvish agreed to a contract for the 2011 season that would make him the highest-paid player in Japan. His salary was 500 million Japanese Yen (which on 6 January converted to $6,065,490 US dollars). The 2011 Nippon Professional Baseball season was delayed by the Tohoku earthquake. Controversy emerged over when baseball should resume. Commissioner Ryozo Kato was criticized for comparing the resumption to the return of Major League Baseball ten days after the 9/11 terrorist attacks. Darvish was among the players who felt it was not appropriate to quickly", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7465784", "score": "0.89855385", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Ryne Sandberg", "text": "the Home Run Derby in his home stadium. In , Sandberg batted .291 with 26 home runs and batted in 100 runs for the second consecutive season. He also won his ninth consecutive Gold Glove at second base, breaking a tie he had shared with Bill Mazeroski for most Gold Gloves at that position (Roberto Alomar has since broken this record). On March 2, , Sandberg became the highest paid player in baseball at the time, signing a $28.4 million ($ today) four-year extension worth $7.1 million ($ today) a season. He earned a spot on the NL All-Star roster", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2048513", "score": "0.89813507", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Honus Wagner", "text": "the highest paid Pirate for many years. He returned to the Pirates early in the 1908 season, and finished two home runs short of the league's Triple Crown, leading the league in hitting (for the sixth time)‚ hits‚ total bases‚ doubles‚ triples‚ RBI‚ and stolen bases. Wagner took over the batting lead from the New York Giants' flamboyant outfielder Mike Donlin during a July 25 game against the Giants and their star pitcher Christy Mathewson. Wagner was 5-for-5 in the game; after each hit, he reportedly held up another finger to Donlin, who went hitless, and who had just beaten", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1920326", "score": "0.89731425", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Adam Dunn", "text": "up by the Reds, making him the highest-paid player on the team. On June 29, 2008, Dunn won the Ohio Cup MVP when he went 6-for-20 in the six-game series, with 5 home runs and 10 RBI. Both during his career with the Reds and since he has been close friends with Austin Kearns. In 2018, he was named to the Cincinnati Reds Hall of Fame. On August 11, 2008, Dunn was traded to the Arizona Diamondbacks for right-handed pitcher Dallas Buck and two other players to be named later. The two players were catcher Wilkin Castillo and pitcher Micah", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4718625", "score": "0.89675665", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Walter O'Malley", "text": "lawyer. The duo of pitching aces decided to strike together until they were both satisfied. They had earned $70,000 and $75,000 respectively during the 1965 season, during which the Dodgers won the World Series, and O'Malley offered $105,000 and $95,000 for the 1966 season. At the time, Willie Mays was Major League Baseball's highest paid player at $125,000 per year and multi-year contracts were very unusual. They demanded three-year $167,000 per year contracts and after holding out until less than two weeks before Opening Day, they received one-year $130,000 and $115,000 contracts respectively. O'Malley liked clubhouse turmoil only slightly less", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4352578", "score": "0.8927511", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Professional sports", "text": "earn a billion dollars from prize money and endorsements. It would have taken the salary of two thousand 1980s professional golfers each making $58,500 to match up with Tiger Woods’ current salary. Samuel Eto'o is the world's second highest-earning athlete and the highest-paid footballer in the world, raking in £35.7 million (over $54 million) a year excluding off-field earnings. The top ten tennis players make about $3 million a year on average. Much of the growth in income for sports and athletes has come from broadcasting rights; for example, the most recent television contract for the NFL is valued at", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2402907", "score": "0.8916892", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Albert Belle", "text": "last day of the season, it was Belle who took over as the major leagues' active leader in the category. His White Sox contract had an unusual clause allowing him to demand that he would remain one of the three highest paid players in baseball. In October 1998 he invoked the clause, and when the White Sox declined to give him a raise he immediately became a free agent. He again became the game's highest paid player, signing a five-year, $65 million ($ today) deal with the Baltimore Orioles. But his career ended just two seasons later when he was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4231873", "score": "0.89050126", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Josh Bell (baseball, born 1992)", "text": "Josh Bell (baseball, born 1992) Joshua Evan Bell (born August 14, 1992) is an American professional baseball first baseman and outfielder for the Pittsburgh Pirates of Major League Baseball (MLB). He made his MLB debut in 2016. Drafted in the second round of the 2011 Major League Baseball Draft out of Jesuit College Preparatory School of Dallas, Bell received a $5 million signing bonus, a record for a player outside of the first round, to bypass his college baseball scholarship to the University of Texas at Austin. His first career home run was an outside the park Grand Slam. First", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16256818", "score": "0.89027095", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "fortitude", "wisdom", "fear", "piety", "understanding", "fear of the Lord", "knowledge", "counsel" ]

[ { "title": "Seven gifts of the Holy Spirit", "text": "seven virtues. The seven gifts were often represented as doves in medieval texts and especially figure in depictions of the Tree of Jesse which shows the Genealogy of Jesus. For Saint Thomas Aquinas, the dove signifies by its properties each gift of the Holy Spirit. Although the New Testament does not refer to Isaiah 11:1-2 regarding these gifts, Roman Catholicism teaches that initiates receive them at Baptism and that they are strengthened at Confirmation, so that one can proclaim the truths of the faith: \"The reception of the sacrament of Confirmation is necessary for the completion of baptismal grace.\" For", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5020451", "score": "1.1712327", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Holy Spirit in Christianity", "text": "similar to the permanent character of the sacraments), virtuous characteristics engendered in the Christian by the action of the Holy Spirit. Galatians names nine aspects and states: But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, longsuffering, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, meekness, self-control; against such there is no law. In the Epistle to the Galatians these nine characteristics are in contrast to the \"works of the flesh\" and highlight the positive manifestations of the work of the Holy Spirit in believers. The \"gifts of the Holy Spirit\" are distinct from the Fruit of the Spirit, and consist of specific abilities", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15478939", "score": "1.0751851", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Continuationism", "text": "to accomplish his works, as in the New Testament. Historically, the Lutheran, Methodist, Moravian, and Pentecostal traditions of Christianity have espoused the doctrinal position of continuationism. Drawing from Paul's writings in the Christian scriptures, and those of contemporary Bible scholars, here is a list of the gifts of the Holy Spirit taken from M. J. Erickson's \"Christian Theology\": 18 gifts are listed above but, according to some scholars, there were actually a total of 20. In his book \"The Dynamics of Spiritual Gifts\", W. McRae says: \"In 1 Cor. 7:7, Paul seems to suggest that celibacy is a gift from", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9555681", "score": "1.0722327", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Pentecostalism", "text": "including the miraculous or \"sign gifts\", found in 1 Corinthians 12:4–11, 12:27–31, Romans 12:3–8, and Ephesians 4:7–16 continue to operate within the Church in the present time. Pentecostals place the gifts of the Spirit in context with the fruit of the Spirit. The fruit of the Spirit is the result of the new birth and continuing to abide in Christ. It is by the fruit exhibited that spiritual character is assessed. Spiritual gifts are received as a result of the baptism with the Holy Spirit. As gifts freely given by the Holy Spirit, they cannot be earned or merited, and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "317557", "score": "1.066702", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Christian theology", "text": "known as the Fruit of the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit enables Christians, who still experience the effects of sin, to do things they never could do on their own. These spiritual gifts are not innate abilities \"unlocked\" by the Holy Spirit, but entirely new abilities, such as the ability to cast out demons or simply bold speech. Through the influence of the Holy Spirit a person sees more clearly the world around him or her and can use his or her mind and body in ways that exceed his or her previous capacity. A list of gifts that may", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14714429", "score": "1.0408585", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Our Lady of the Rosary of San Nicolás", "text": "Divine persons in the Trinity. The remaining seven call to mind the graces of faith in Jesus Christ celebrated in seven sacraments of the Roman Catholic Church: the 7 gifts of the Holy Spirit, the 7 infused virtues, contrition for the 7 mortal sins, and the 7 corporal works of mercy and the 7 spiritual works of mercy. In a decree signed on May 22, 2016 and made public a few days later, Héctor Cardelli, Bishop of the Diocese of San Nicolás, declared that the apparitions that took place in city of San Nicolás were supernatural in origin. The devotion", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19959449", "score": "1.0269287", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Foy E. Wallace", "text": "The Gift of the Holy Spirit, The Special Gifts of the Holy Spirit, An Exposition of the Holy Spirit Passages, The Baptism of the Holy Spirit and The Sin Against the Holy Spirit. 17. \"A Review of the New Versions\", First Edition, 1973. Chapter One: The Battle of the Book; Chapter Two: One Bible—Verbal Inspiration; Chapter Three: The Virgin Birth of Jesus Christ; Chapter Four: The Substance of the Everlasting Gospel—The Deity of Jesus Christ; Chapter Five: The Sign and the Virgin; Chapter Six: The Only Begotten Son; Chapter Seven: The Theology of the New Translators; Chapter Eight: The Revised", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7944404", "score": "1.0252651", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Gifts of the Spirit in Mormonism", "text": "Gifts of the Spirit in Mormonism In Mormonism, gifts of the Spirit are spiritual endowments that provide benefits to the recipient and to those he or she serves. The seventh Article of Faith states: \"We believe in the gift of tongues, prophecy, revelation, visions, healing, interpretation of tongues, and so forth.\" Both males and females can receive spiritual gifts. They are an important component in both the basic beliefs and daily living of Mormons. While some Charismatic Christians believe that spiritual gifts are an arbitrary endowment of grace, an important Mormon idea is that spiritual gifts can be bestowed by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18725679", "score": "1.0247675", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Howard Carter (Pentecostal pioneer)", "text": "and then spent time in Princetown Work Centre in the former Dartmoor Prison. While in prison he claimed to have received the revelation of the nine gifts of the Holy Spirit. These teachings, based on the text of 1 Corinthians 12:8-10, are still used today as the primary teaching on the gifts of the Spirit within all major Pentecostal Christian belief systems. From 4 September 1918 to 11 June 1919 he was a 'brother' on the staff of Wallingford Farm Training Colony, an institution run by the National Union for Christian Social Service for 'difficult' boys mainly referred by Boards", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8166555", "score": "1.023092", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Seven gifts of the Holy Spirit", "text": "The 7 gifts of the Holy Spirit is an enumeration of 7 spiritual gifts originating from patristic authors, later elaborated by five intellectual virtues and 4 other groups of ethical characteristics. They are: wisdom, understanding, counsel, fortitude, knowledge, piety, and fear of the Lord.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Holy Spirit in Christianity", "text": "granted to the individual Christian. They are frequently known by the Greek word for gift, \"charisma\", in English charism, from which the term charismatic derives. There is no generally agreed upon exhaustive list of the gifts, and various Christian denominations use different lists, often drawing upon 1 Corinthians , Romans and Ephesians . Pentecostal denominations and the charismatic movement teach that the absence of the supernatural gifts was due to the neglect of the Holy Spirit and his work by the major denominations. Believers in the relevance of the supernatural gifts sometimes speak of a \"Baptism with the Holy Spirit\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15478940", "score": "1.0214909", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Christian theology", "text": "believe the \"Fruit of the Spirit\" consists of virtuous characteristics engendered in the Christian by the action of the Holy Spirit. They are those listed in : \"But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control.\" The Roman Catholic Church adds to this list generosity, modesty, and chastity. Christians believe that the Holy Spirit gives 'gifts' to Christians. These gifts consist of specific abilities granted to the individual Christian. They are frequently known by the Greek word for gift, \"Charisma\", from which the term charismatic derives. The New Testament provides three different", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14714432", "score": "1.0198619", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Ellen G. White", "text": "was added to in 2005 to make the current list of fundamental beliefs. White is referenced in the fundamental belief on spiritual gifts. This doctrinal statement says: One of the gifts of the Holy Spirit is prophecy. This gift is an identifying mark of the remnant church and was manifested in the ministry of Ellen G. White. As the Lord's messenger, her writings are a continuing and authoritative source of truth which provide for the church comfort, guidance, instruction, and correction. They also make clear that the Bible is the standard by which all teaching and experience must be tested.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1938878", "score": "1.0169013", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Fruit of the Holy Spirit", "text": "Fruit of the Holy Spirit The Fruit of the Holy Spirit is a biblical term that sums up nine attributes of a person or community living in accord with the Holy Spirit, according to chapter 5 of the Epistle to the Galatians: \"But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control.\" The fruit is contrasted with the which immediately precede it in this chapter. Catholic tradition follows the Vulgate version of Galatians in listing 12 fruits: charity, joy, peace, patience, benignity (kindness), goodness, longanimity (generosity), mildness (gentleness), faith, modesty, continency (self-control), and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5651520", "score": "1.0126584", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Il Perdono di Gesualdo", "text": "appears in the \"Perdono\": “The seven devils of Mary Magdalene? Sevenfold Grace? Seven-voice counter-point?” In a letter dated June 3, 1957, addressed to Robert Craft with a view of recording the three motets recomposed by Stravinsky under the title \"Tres Sacrae Cantiones\" (\"Da Pacem Domine, Assumpta est Maria and Illumina nos\"), the composer Ernst Krenek emphasizes how “In the tradition of the Church, the Holy Ghost has always been associated with the figure ‘seven’ [...] The source of it seems to be Isaiah XI, 2, where the ‘seven gifts’ are attributed to the Spirit of the Lord.” Moreover, Glenn Watkins", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19222411", "score": "1.0116178", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Howard Carter (Pentecostal pioneer)", "text": "books \"Adventuring with Christ\" and \"Pioneers of Faith\". Sumrall also expounded on Carter's teachings of the nine gifts of the Spirit in his book \"The Gifts and Ministries of the Holy Spirit\". The Gifts of the Holy Spirit (possibly published by Springfield MO: Gospel Publishing House [AG USA], c1920s) New York Tokyo Moscow - c 1934 Spiritual gifts and their operation (Springfield, MO: Gospel Publishing House, 1968) Howard Carter (Pentecostal pioneer) Alfred Howard Carter (3 January 1891 – 22 January 1971), better known as Howard Carter, was a pioneer in the Pentecostal Christian faith. Carter was born in Birmingham. He", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8166559", "score": "1.0056722", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Spiritual gift", "text": "New Testament, primarily in 1 Corinthians 12, Romans 12, and Ephesians 4. 1 Peter 4 also touches on the spiritual gifts. The gifts are related to both seemingly \"natural\" abilities and seemingly more \"miraculous\" abilities, empowered by the Holy Spirit. The two major opposing theological positions on their nature is that they ceased long ago or that they continue (Cessationism versus Continuationism). The New Testament contains several lists of spiritual gifts, most authored by St. Paul. While each list is unique, there is overlap. Christians believe that the \"charismata\" were foretold by the Prophet Joel (2:28) and promised by Christ", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "776650", "score": "0.9984866", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Holy Spirit (Christian denominational variations)", "text": "to edify the body of Christ, the church. Some of these gifts are listed in . The Pentecostal movement places special emphasis on the work of the Holy Spirit, and especially on the gifts mentioned above, believing that they are still given today. Much of Pentecostalism differentiates the \"baptism with the Holy Spirit\" from the salvific born again experience, considering it a usually distinct experience in which the Spirit's power is received by the Christian in a new way, with the belief that the Christian can be more readily used to perform signs, miracles, and wonders for the sake of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15852895", "score": "0.99843967", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Matthew 7:11", "text": "parallel text has God giving the Holy Spirit to those who ask, but David Hill suggests that Matthew's wording is likely to have been closer to the original. The reference to \"good\" things might be linked to the idea that God will only give good gifts, that if you ask for something that will end up harming you God will not provide it. Ulrich Luz disagrees with this view, and argues that this reading would contradict the thrust of this group of verses. Matthew 7:11 Matthew 7:11 is the eleventh verse of the seventh chapter of the Gospel of Matthew", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7061164", "score": "0.99457824", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Baptism with the Holy Spirit", "text": "of confirmation with the laying on of hands to receive the gift of the Holy Ghost. It follows baptism in water and is essential to salvation. The gift of the Holy Ghost is the privilege of receiving inspiration, divine manifestations, direction, spiritual gifts, and other blessings from the Holy Spirit (see Gifts of the Spirit in Mormonism). It begins the lifetime process of sanctification. Baptism with the Holy Spirit In Christian theology, baptism with the Holy Spirit (also called baptism in the Holy Spirit or Spirit baptism) or baptism with the Holy Ghost, is distinguished from baptism with water. It", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3302277", "score": "0.9902204", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Fivefold ministry", "text": "to cessationist beliefs. Ephesians 4:11 refers to five offices in the church: apostles, prophets, evangelists, pastors and teachers. Other passages also refer to these things as spiritual gifts. , for example, includes teaching and prophesying as spiritual gifts, and lists apostles, prophets and teachers in the context of spiritual gifts. provides instructions on the proper use of prophecy in church meetings. However, there is an objection to this use of Ephesians. 4:11 in that this passage talks about a one-time event in the past (“and he gave”), when Christ ascended into heaven (Ephesians 4:8–10) and then at Pentecost poured out", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3752314", "score": "0.9896749", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Pentecostalism", "text": "They are valuable only when they minister spiritual profit and edification to the body of Christ. Pentecostal writers point out that the lists of spiritual gifts in the New Testament do not seem to be exhaustive. It is generally believed that there are as many gifts as there are useful ministries and functions in the Church. A spiritual gift is often exercised in partnership with another gift. For example, in a Pentecostal church service, the gift of tongues might be exercised followed by the operation of the gift of interpretation. According to Pentecostals, all manifestations of the Spirit are to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "317559", "score": "0.987731", "original_retrieval_index": 34 }, { "title": "The Way International", "text": "This term is contrasted with the \"holy spirit\", which is a reference to a \"divine gift\" from God. Wierwille claimed that English translators of the Bible missed this distinction, and that Greek manuscripts were written in uncial script, which further confused the subject. The Way also posits that there are nine manifestations of the holy spirit and every born again Christian can inherently operate all nine. The list is derived from . Speaking in tongues, energizes the \"effectual operation\" of the other eight manifestations. Speaking in tongues holds an important place in The Way's doctrine for this reason. There were", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4528080", "score": "0.97378063", "original_retrieval_index": 35 }, { "title": "Pillars of Adventism", "text": "#18: \"In the last days, as in biblical times, the Holy Spirit has blessed God's people with the gift of prophecy. One who demonstrated this gift was Ellen G. White, a founder of the Seventh-day Adventist church. \"The Scriptures testify that one of the gifts of the Holy Spirit is prophecy. This gift is an identifying mark of the remnant church and we believe it was manifested in the ministry of Ellen G. White. Her writings speak with prophetic authority and provide comfort, guidance, instruction, and correction to the church. They also make clear that the Bible is the standard", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15704032", "score": "0.97374976", "original_retrieval_index": 36 }, { "title": "Spiritual gift", "text": "a whole more than they are given to individuals. There is diversity in their distribution—an individual will not possess all of the gifts. The purpose of the spiritual gifts is to edify (build up), exhort (encourage), and comfort the church. It is generally acknowledged that Paul did not list all of the gifts of the Spirit, and many believe that there are as many gifts as there are needs in the body of Christ. The gifts have at times been organized into distinct categories based on their similarities and differences to other gifts. Some divide them into three categories using", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "776653", "score": "0.97070795", "original_retrieval_index": 37 }, { "title": "Holy Spirit in the Acts of the Apostles", "text": "Holy Spirit in the Acts of the Apostles The Holy Spirit plays a key role in the Acts of the Apostles, leading to the use of the titles \"Book of the Holy Spirit\" or the \"Acts of the Holy Spirit\" for that book of the New Testament. Of the about seventy occurrences of the word \"Pneuma\" in Acts, fifty five refer to the Holy Spirit. From the start, in , the reader is reminded that the Ministry of Jesus, while he was on earth, was carried out through the power of the Holy Spirit and that the \"acts of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16461251", "score": "0.9669123", "original_retrieval_index": 39 }, { "title": "Holy Spirit", "text": "the Holy Spirit was said to descend in the form of a dove as the voice of God the Father spoke as described in Matthew, Mark, and Luke;the second being from the day of Pentecost, fifty days after Pascha where the descent of the Holy Spirit came upon the Apostles and other followers of Jesus Christ, as tongues of fire as described in the Acts of the Apostles. Called \"the unveiled epiphany of God\", the Holy Spirit is the one who empowers the followers of Jesus with spiritual gifts and power that enabled the proclamation of Jesus Christ, and the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "195003", "score": "0.9665997", "original_retrieval_index": 40 }, { "title": "Seven rays", "text": "Eyck, from around 1434-1436. The picture depicts the Annunciation by the Archangel Gabriel to the Virgin Mary that she will bear the Son of God (Luke 1:26-38). In a prominent element of the complex iconographic work, the Seven gifts of the Holy Spirit descend to her on seven rays of light from the upper window to the left, with the dove symbolising the Holy Spirit following the same path. The seven rays on which the doves descend are unique elements in the painting in that they are of the heavenly realm rather than the earthly realm, with the difference shown", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8001949", "score": "0.96570885", "original_retrieval_index": 41 }, { "title": "Spiritual gift", "text": "Spiritual gift A spiritual gift or charism (plural: charisms or charismata; in Greek singular: χάρισμα , plural: χαρίσματα ) is an endowment or extraordinary power given by the Holy Spirit These are the supernatural graces which individual Christians need (and were needed in the days of the Apostles) to fulfill the mission of the Church. In the narrowest sense, it is a theological term for the extraordinary graces given to individual Christians for the good of others and is distinguished from the graces given for personal sanctification, such as the Seven Gifts of the Holy Spirit and the fruit of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "776648", "score": "0.9640123", "original_retrieval_index": 42 }, { "title": "Spiritual gift", "text": "or \"service\") and \"energemata\" (\"operations\" or \"inworkings\") are used in describing the nature of the spiritual gifts. In verse 7, the term \"manifestation (\"phanerosis\") of the Spirit\" is used. From these scriptural passages, Christians understand the spiritual gifts to be enablements or capacities that are divinely bestowed upon individuals. Because they are freely given by God, these cannot be earned or merited. Though worked through individuals, these are operations or manifestations of the Holy Spirit—not of the gifted person. They are to be used for the benefit of others, and in a sense they are granted to the church as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "776652", "score": "0.96332717", "original_retrieval_index": 43 } ]

[ "northern China", "in northern China" ]

[ { "title": "Geography of Beijing", "text": "N and 116° 23' 30\" E, Beijing shares roughly the same latitude as Denver, Indianapolis, Columbus (Ohio), Philadelphia, Ankara, Bukhara, as well as Jiayuguan, Yumen, and Jiuquan in Gansu. The city lines up at about the same longitude as Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia; Dezhou, Shandong; Yongcheng, Henan; Lu'an, Anhui; Linchuan, Jiangxi; Changting, Fujian; Jieyang, Guangdong; Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia; and Mataram, Indonesia. The latitude of the municipality ranges from 39° 27' to 41° 03' N and in longitude from 115° 25' to 117° 30' E. Beijing's antipode is located in the eastern part of Río Negro Province, Argentina, inland from Viedma. Geography", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3630634", "score": "1.1188675", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Geography of Beijing", "text": "in Pinggu. The city of Beijing lies on low and flat land, with elevation generally between above sea level. The highest point inside the old walled city is at the top of Coal Hill in Jingshan Park, which rises to and overlooks the Forbidden City. Longevity Hill in the Summer Palace reaches an elevation of . The plains from Beijing extend to the east as far as Shanhaiguan on the Bohai Sea and as far south as Nanjing, on the Yangtze River. To the west is Xishan, also known as the Western Hills, which are visible from the city on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3630625", "score": "1.1133698", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Geography of Beijing", "text": "Geography of Beijing Beijing is located in northeastern China at the northern tip of the North China Plain, near the meeting point of the Xishan and Yanshan mountain ranges. The city itself lies on flat land (elevation ) that opens to the east and south. The municipality's outlying districts and counties extend into the mountains that surround the city from the southwest to the northeast. The highest peaks are over . Beijing Municipality consists of six city districts (previously eight, see Xuanwu and Chongwen), eight suburban districts and two rural counties. It covers a total area of . By land", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3630615", "score": "1.0957654", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Beijing", "text": "Beijing </ref> (1st)—very high Beijing (; Beijing is an important world capital and global power city, and one of the world's leading centers for politics, economy and business, finance, education, culture, innovation and technology, architecture, language, and diplomacy. A megacity, Beijing is the second largest Chinese city by urban population after Shanghai and is the nation's political, cultural, and educational center. It is home to the headquarters of most of China's largest state-owned companies and houses the largest number of Fortune Global 500 companies in the world, as well as the world's four biggest financial institutions. It is also a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12255493", "score": "1.0776572", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Beijing World Park", "text": "a Western Han dynasty prince and his wife. Beijing World Park Beijing World Park () is a theme park that attempts to give visitors the chance to see the world without having to leave Beijing. The park covers 46.7 hectares and is located in the southwestern Fengtai District of Beijing. It is about 17 km from Tiananmen, the City center, and 40 km from the Capital International Airport. The park opened in 1993 and is estimated to receive 1.5 million visitors annually. The entrance to the park is made up of a Gothic castle, Roman corridor, and granite relief sculptures.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10901404", "score": "1.0699732", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Beijing World Park", "text": "Beijing World Park Beijing World Park () is a theme park that attempts to give visitors the chance to see the world without having to leave Beijing. The park covers 46.7 hectares and is located in the southwestern Fengtai District of Beijing. It is about 17 km from Tiananmen, the City center, and 40 km from the Capital International Airport. The park opened in 1993 and is estimated to receive 1.5 million visitors annually. The entrance to the park is made up of a Gothic castle, Roman corridor, and granite relief sculptures. Immediately inside the gate is an Italian-style terrace", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10901397", "score": "1.0642114", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Beijing World Park", "text": "continents: Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, and South America. The park contains about a hundred (109) scaled-down replicas of famous landmarks from nearly 40 countries and regions around the world, including the Tower Bridge in London, the Eiffel Tower in Paris, and the Great Pyramids in Egypt. There is even a miniature Manhattan, complete with twin towers of the World Trade Center. Each landmark represents its country or region of origin and is situated in the park according to its location on the map. Close attention to detail was paid in modeling these landmarks after their originals. For example, detailed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10901399", "score": "1.047924", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Beijing", "text": "resided in urban districts or suburban townships and 2.897 million lived in rural villages. The encompassing metropolitan area was estimated by the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) to have, , a population of 24.9 million. Within China, the city ranked second in urban population after Shanghai and the third in municipal population after Shanghai and Chongqing. Beijing also ranks among the most populous cities in the world, a distinction the city has held for much of the past 800 years, especially during the 15th to early 19th centuries when it was the largest city in the world. About", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12255545", "score": "1.0440679", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Beijing", "text": "seven UNESCO World Heritage Sites – the Forbidden City, Temple of Heaven, Summer Palace, Ming Tombs, Zhoukoudian, and parts of the Great Wall and the Grand Canal – all popular locations for tourism. Siheyuans, the city's traditional housing style, and hutongs, the narrow alleys between siheyuans, are major tourist attractions and are common in urban Beijing. Many of Beijing's 91 universities consistently rank among the best in China, among which Peking University and Tsinghua University are ranked in the top 60 universities of the world. Beijing CBD is a center for Beijing's economic expansion, with the ongoing or recently completed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12255496", "score": "1.0414858", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Beijing", "text": "Beijing, (/beɪˈdʒɪŋ/) formerly romanized as Peking, is the capital of the People's Republic of China and the world's second most populous city proper and most populous capital city. The city, located in northern China, is governed as a direct-controlled municipality under the national government with 16 urban, suburban, and rural districts. Beijing Municipality is surrounded by Hebei Province with the exception of neighboring Tianjin Municipality to the southeast; together the three divisions form the Jingjinji metropolitan region and the national capital region of China.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Beijing", "text": "standardized with both Chinese and English names displayed, with location names using pinyin, in 2008. Beijing's primary airport is the Beijing Capital International Airport (IATA: PEK) about northeast of the city center. The airport is the second busiest airport in the world after Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. After renovations for the 2008 Olympics, the airport now boasts three terminals, with Terminal 3 being one of the largest in the world. Most domestic and nearly all international flights arrive at and depart from Capital Airport. It is the main hub for Air China and a hub for China Southern and Hainan", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12255582", "score": "1.0354332", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Geography of Beijing", "text": "south of urban Beijing. Of the suburban districts further afield, Tongzhou and Shunyi in the east are rapidly urbanizing. Mentougou and Fangshan lie to the west, in Xishan, also known as the Western Hills. Fangshan is home to two of the oldest prehistoric sites in Beijing Municipality: the caves at Zhoukoudian, home of the Peking Man, and Liulihe, the site of the capital of the Yan Kingdom during the Western Zhou Dynasty. Daxing District, to the south, is largely agricultural but is also developing its own technology park in Yizhuang. Changping just north of the city ranges from densely urbanized", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3630623", "score": "1.0351133", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Geography of Beijing", "text": "city is divided into eastern and western halves by Dongcheng and Xicheng Districts. The Forbidden City, where emperors once lived, and Tiananmen Square, the center of the city, both belong to Dongcheng. But the Zhongnanhai Compound, next door to the Forbidden City, where China’s current leaders now reside, and the Great Hall of the People, on the west side of Tiananmen Square, both are part of Xicheng. The outer city, adjacent and south of the inner city, comprises the former Xuanwu and Chongwen districts, merged with Xicheng and Dongcheng respectively in July 2010. Chongwen is home to the Temple of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3630620", "score": "1.0345429", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Beijing", "text": "city in the world by population for much of the second millennium A.D. \"Encyclopædia Britannica\" notes that \"few cities in the world have served for so long as the political headquarters and cultural center of an area as immense as China.\" With mountains surrounding the inland city on three sides, in addition to the old inner and outer city walls, Beijing was strategically poised and developed to be the residence of the emperor and thus was the perfect location for the imperial capital. The city is renowned for its opulent palaces, temples, parks, gardens, tombs, walls and gates. It has", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12255495", "score": "1.0285329", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Beijing", "text": "major hub for the national highway, expressway, railway, and high-speed rail networks. The Beijing Capital International Airport has been the second busiest in the world by passenger traffic since 2010, and, , the city's subway network is the busiest and second longest in the world. Combining both modern and traditional architecture, Beijing is one of the oldest cities in the world, with a rich history dating back three millennia. As the last of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China, Beijing has been the political center of the country for most of the past eight centuries, and was the largest", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12255494", "score": "1.0256932", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Transport in Beijing", "text": "Beijing is a major railway hub in China's railway network. The following eight major railways radiate out of Beijing: The city also hosts a number of high speed railway lines: Further high speed connections being proposed include links to Shenyang, Tangshan, Zhangjiakou, Kowloon, Taipei, and Taiyuan. There are a number of international trains departing from Beijing to neighbouring countries. The Trans-Siberian train to Ulaan Baatar (Mongolia) and then onto Moscow (Russia) departs from Beijing. There are also trains to Pyongyang (North Korea) and Hanoi (Vietnam) which depart from Beijing. The trains also stop at other cities and towns along the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3645932", "score": "1.0188919", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Da Ming Hunyi Tu", "text": "Eurasia, placing China in the center and stretching northward to Mongolia, southward to Java, eastward to central Japan, and westward to Europe (including the East African coast as an island). The map was created sometime during the Ming dynasty and handed over to the new rulers of China, the Manchus. The place names of China on the map reflect the political situation in 1389, or the 22nd year of the reign of the Hongwu Emperor. Thus some Chinese scholars concluded that it was indeed created in 1389 or little later. Others maintain a cautious attitude, suggesting that what was created", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11708464", "score": "1.0177025", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Geography of Beijing", "text": "area, the municipality is slightly larger than the country of Montenegro, though much of the municipality outside the urban core are sparsely populated mountains and farmland. The terrain is roughly 38% flat and 62% mountainous. The city is inland from the Bohai Sea via Tianjin Municipality in the southeast. Aside from Tianjin, Beijing is bordered on all other sides by Hebei Province, including a piece wedged between Beijing and Tianjin. Historically, Beijing was situated on the border between sedentary agricultural areas to the south and pastoralist regions beyond the mountains to the north. The Great Wall of China was built", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3630616", "score": "1.0162808", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Geography of Beijing", "text": "the city’s outskirts, but are now integral parts of the city inside the 5th Ring Road. All four have population densities above 4500 persons/km (11,600 persons/km). The vast Haidian District to the northwest is home to the Old and New Summer Palace, the university district, and Zhongguancun, the city’s high-technology silicon village. The even bigger Chaoyang District embraces the city from the north and east. Its possessions include Beijing Central Business District (CBD), the Olympic Green, and even the Beijing Capital International Airport. Shijingshan is a heavily industrialized district in the foothills of the Western Hills. Fengtai spans across the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3630622", "score": "1.015912", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Beijing", "text": "both lie at the western part of the city; the former, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, contains a comprehensive collection of imperial gardens and palaces that served as the summer retreats for the Qing imperial family. Among the best known religious sites in the city is the Temple of Heaven (\"Tiantan\"), located in southeastern Beijing, also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, where emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties made visits for annual ceremonies of prayers to Heaven for good harvest. In the north of the city is the Temple of Earth (\"Ditan\"), while the Temple of the Sun (\"Ritan\")", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12255554", "score": "1.0146892", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Beijing", "text": "Hebei, is the municipality's highest point, with an altitude of . Major rivers flowing through the municipality, including the Chaobai, Yongding, Juma, are all tributaries in the Hai River system, and flow in a southeasterly direction. The Miyun Reservoir, on the upper reaches of the Chaobai River, is the largest reservoir within the municipality. Beijing is also the northern terminus of the Grand Canal to Hangzhou, which was built over 1,400 years ago as a transportation route, and the South–North Water Transfer Project, constructed in the past decade to bring water from the Yangtze River basin. The urban area of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12255518", "score": "1.0133655", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Geography of Beijing", "text": "these reservoirs, the city of Beijing faces chronic water shortages due to water-intensive agriculture, industry, and population growth. Under the South-North Water Transfer Project, the city plans to draw water from the Yangtze River through the Grand Canal, which was built 800 years ago for transportation, but now is being upgraded into a major aqueduct. The city's climate is a rather dry, monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification \"Dwa\"), characterised by hot, humid summers due to the East Asian monsoon, and generally cold, windy, very dry winters that reflect the influence of the vast Siberian anticyclone. Yet during the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3630632", "score": "1.0104114", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Beijing", "text": "in the city. The official Latin alphabet abbreviation for Beijing is \"BJ\". The earliest traces of human habitation in the Beijing municipality were found in the caves of Dragon Bone Hill near the village of Zhoukoudian in Fangshan District, where Peking Man lived. \"Homo erectus\" fossils from the caves date to 230,000 to 250,000 years ago. Paleolithic \"Homo sapiens\" also lived there more recently, about 27,000 years ago. Archaeologists have found neolithic settlements throughout the municipality, including in Wangfujing, located in downtown Beijing. The first walled city in Beijing was Jicheng, the capital city of the state of Ji and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12255499", "score": "1.0101857", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "China World Hotel, Beijing", "text": "China World Hotel, Beijing China World Hotel, Beijing () is a five-star hotel of the Hong Kong-based Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts group () group. It is located next to The China World Trade Center in Chaoyang District, the central business district of Beijing, China, and attached to the China World Mall. The Shangri-La China World Hotel was built in 1989 and opened in August 1990 next to Guomao Subway Station in Beijing’s Chaoyang District. The hotel has a 2,000-capacity Conference Hall, and an 800-seat Grand Ballroom. The interior design was developed by LRF Designers Limited and renovated in 2003. Wilson", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17878973", "score": "1.0057012", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Beijing", "text": "Beijing, on the plains in the south-central of the municipality with elevation of , occupies a relatively small but expanding portion of the municipality's area. The city spreads out in concentric ring roads. The Second Ring Road traces the old city walls and the Sixth Ring Road connects satellite towns in the surrounding suburbs. Tian'anmen and Tian'anmen Square are at the center of Beijing, directly to the south of the Forbidden City, the former residence of the emperors of China. To the west of Tian'anmen is Zhongnanhai, the residence of China's current leaders. Chang'an Avenue, which cuts between Tiananmen and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12255519", "score": "1.0017936", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Geography of Beijing", "text": "winter, winds from the northwest must cross the mountains that shield the city, keeping the city warmer than other locations of similar latitude in China. Spring can bear witness to sandstorms blowing in from the Mongolian steppe, accompanied by rapidly warming, but generally dry, conditions. Autumn, like spring, sees little rain but is crisp and short. January averages , while July averages . Annual precipitation is around , falling mostly in the summer months. Extremes have ranged from . In 2005, the total precipitation was , a majority of which occurred in the summer. With coordinates of 39° 54' 50", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3630633", "score": "0.9962441", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Beijing", "text": "The Ming city wall continued to serve until modern times, when it was pulled down and the 2nd Ring Road was built in its place. It is generally believed that Beijing was the largest city in the world for most of the 15th, 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries. The first known church was constructed by Catholics in 1652 at the former site of Matteo Ricci's chapel; the modern Nantang Cathedral was later built upon the same site. The capture of Beijing by Li Zicheng's peasant army in 1644 ended the dynasty, but he and his Shun court abandoned the city", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12255507", "score": "0.9931313", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "China", "text": "will also collaboratively host the 2022 Olympic Winter Games, which will make Beijing the first city in the world to hold both the Summer Olympics and the Winter Olympics. China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion. Covering approximately , it is the third- or fourth-largest country by total area, depending on the source consulted. Governed by the Communist Party of China, the state exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "66761", "score": "0.9931109", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Geography of Beijing", "text": "the west. But 1,800 years ago, the Yongding flowed through Jishuitan and downtown Beijing and then into Longtan Lake and on to Tongzhou. A major flood in 295 A.D. devastated part of Beijing, then known as Ji. Just west of Wangfujing, there is still a stretch of Beijing called \"Shatan\" or Sandy Beach. Today, an aqueduct draws water from the Yongding through Yuyuantan Park to the western city moat, which empties into Liangshui River south of the city. Another aqueduct draws water from Kunming Lake in the Summer Palace down through the Purple Bamboo Park and into the northern city", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3630630", "score": "0.99272215", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Beijing Hotel", "text": "Beijing Hotel The Beijing Hotel () is a five-star state-owned hotel complex in the Dongcheng District of Beijing, China. It is located at the southern end of Wangfujing Street, at the corner with East Chang'an Avenue, 1.5 km from Beijing Railway Station with views of the Forbidden City and part of Tiananmen Square. The first wing of the Grand Hôtel de Pékin, a five-story red brick structure, was completed in 1915. A second wing, today known as Block B, was completed in 1917, making the hotel one of the oldest in Beijing. In 1933 Zhang Jingyao was shot in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4164148", "score": "0.99209505", "original_retrieval_index": 28 } ]

[ "By mid-1988", "October 1986" ]

[ { "title": "Alcohol laws of New Jersey", "text": "illegally consume it school, the state raised the drinking age to 19 in 1980. Citing statistics that indicated an increase in car deaths among drivers under 21, the drinking age was raised back to 21 in 1983. At the same time, the penalties for underage drinking were increased to include a mandatory driver's license suspension. In 1985, the state made it illegal for an adult to give alcohol to a person under 21, with exception for religious services and parents serving alcohol to their own children at home or in a private area. Historically, a few municipalities had ordinances against", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13361606", "score": "1.0601752", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "National Minimum Drinking Age Act", "text": "alcoholic beverages. However, these changes were soon followed by studies showing an increase in motor vehicle fatalities attributable to the decreased MLDA. In response to these findings, many states raised the minimum legal drinking age to 19 (and sometimes to 20 or 21). In 1984, the National Minimum Legal Drinking Act, written by Senator Frank Lautenberg (D-NJ) and influenced by Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD), required all states to enforce a minimum legal drinking age of 21 or else risk losing 10% of all federal highway construction funds. As the MLDA was still left to the discretion of the state,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4093805", "score": "1.0589774", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Alcohol laws of New Jersey", "text": "underage person could possibly be prosecuted for contributing to the delinquency of a minor Furthermore, arrests and criminal prosecutions for underage drinking in bars or public areas were very uncommon before the 1980s. New Jersey's drinking age was lowered to 18 in 1973 as part of a broader legal change which reduced New Jersey's age of majority from 21 to 18. Much of the impetus for lowering the drinking age to 18 was to grant returning Vietnam veterans the right to purchase alcohol. Possibly because of concerns about 18-year-old high school students being able to legally purchase liquor, and then", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13361605", "score": "1.0520306", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Wisconsin", "text": "prevalence of drinking in Wisconsin. In Wisconsin, the legal drinking age is 21, except when accompanied by a parent, guardian, or spouse who is at least 21 years old. Age requirements are waived for possessing alcohol when employed by a brewer, brewpub, beer and/or liquor wholesaler, or producer of alcohol fuel. The minimum legal age to purchase alcohol is 21, with no exceptions. The Absolute Sobriety law states that any person not of legal drinking age (currently 21 years of age) may not drive after consuming alcohol. On September 30, 2003, the state legislature, reluctant to lower a DUI offense", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "451385", "score": "1.039625", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Alcohol in New Zealand", "text": "to 21 - however minors could still buy alcohol to take home until 1914 when the age for both on- and off-licence purchase was set at 21. In 1969 the purchase age was lowered from 21 to 20. (although 18-year-olds were allowed to drink in bars from 1990 on certain conditions.) But in 1999 the legal purchasing age was lowered from 20 to 18 and despite several calls and legislation to raise the drinking age again, Lawmakers have overwhelmingly favoured the status quo and the age remains 18. It has never been illegal for a minor to drink alcohol in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13793272", "score": "1.0356331", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Moscow, Idaho", "text": "Jackson and Main (College St. to Lewis St.) were razed in the late 1990s to complete this new corridor. Another significant change to local commerce was the increase of the state's legal drinking age to 21 in April 1987, after nearly fifteen years at age 19. Many establishments that relied on revenues from 19- and 20-year-olds from the two university communities had to adjust or cease operations. Prior to the lowering to 19 in July 1972, the drinking age in Idaho was 20 for beer and 21 for liquor and wine. A fixture of the Moscow skyline for nearly a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "644073", "score": "1.0302802", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Alcohol laws of Wisconsin", "text": "raised the drinking age to 21 and brought the state into compliance with the NMDA (National Minimum Drinking Age) on September 1, 1986. The NMDA law was amended to permit an exception for those persons who were between ages 18 and 21 on the effective date of the law. Wisconsin 19- and 20-year-olds were “grandfathered in” by this exception after enactment of Act 337. In effect, the state did not have a uniform age of 21 until September 1, 1988. Alcohol laws of Wisconsin The alcohol laws of Wisconsin consist of both statewide statutes and local ordinances governing the sale", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14041655", "score": "1.0256511", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "National Minimum Drinking Age Act", "text": "the act did not violate the 21st amendment which reserved the right to regulate alcohol for all responsibilities not specifically appointed to the federal government to the states. However, as the act controlled the distribution of anywhere from $8 million to $99 million, depending on the size of the state, the act gave a strong incentive for states to change the drinking age to 21. By 1995, all 50 states, two permanently inhabited territories, and D.C. were in compliance, but Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (and Guam until 2010) remained at 18 despite them losing 10% of federal highway", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4093806", "score": "1.0243982", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Legal drinking age controversy in the United States", "text": "is already common, but NHTSA spokeswoman Evelyn Avant believes that lowering the drinking age would lead to even more alcohol use among young people. Legal drinking age controversy in the United States The legal drinking age varies from country to country. In the United States, the legal drinking age is currently 21. Other countries have raised the prices of alcohol and encouraged the general public to drink less. Having a legal drinking age of 21 allows for the hope that drinking would become less reckless and the people drinking would be more mature to make reasonable decisions when it comes", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15583729", "score": "1.0237913", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "U.S. history of alcohol minimum purchase age by state", "text": "ages to 19 (or, less commonly, 20 or 21), in part to combat drunk driving fatalities. In 1984, Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act, which required states to raise their ages for purchase and public possession to 21 by October 1986 or lose 10% of their federal highway funds. By mid-1988, all 50 states and the District of Columbia had raised their purchase ages to 21 (but not Puerto Rico, Guam, or the Virgin Islands, see Additional Notes below). South Dakota and Wyoming were the final two states to comply with the age 21 mandate. The current drinking", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Alcohol law", "text": "in 1984, which tied federal highway funds to states' maintaining a minimum drinking age of 21. Despite a rekindled national debate in 2008 on the established drinking age (initiated by several university presidents), a Fairleigh Dickinson University PublicMind poll found in September 2008 that 76% of New Jerseyans supported leaving the legal drinking age at 21 years. No significant differences emerged when considering gender, political affiliation, or region. However, parents of younger children were more likely to support keeping the age at 21 (83%) than parents of college-age students (67%). Seventeen states (Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Florida, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13924647", "score": "1.0235583", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Mothers Against Drunk Driving", "text": "federal penalty (a 5%—later raised to 10%—loss of federal highway dollars), for states that didn't raise the minimum legal age for the purchase and possession of alcohol to 21. After the United States Supreme Court upheld the law in the 1987 case of \"South Dakota v. Dole\", every state and the District of Columbia made the necessary adjustments by 1988 (but not the territories of Puerto Rico and Guam). However, in July 2010 Guam raised its drinking age to 21. In 1985, Lightner objected to the shifting focus of MADD, and left her position with the organization. In 1988, a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3088141", "score": "1.0220206", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Legal drinking age controversy in the United States", "text": "ruled the Act was constitutional and the States still had the right to set their own drinking ages. However, the Federal Government can give the state a 10% penalty on highway funds if the state chooses to have their drinking age lower than 21. Not even a year later, all 50 states of the United States officially made 21 the minimum legal drinking age. MLDA-21 is not the only variable; the shift in demographics, increased enforcement, increased seat belt use, safer cars, increased parental monitoring and \"designated driver\" emphasis could also be a reason why after the age was raised,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15583721", "score": "1.0191478", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "National Minimum Drinking Age Act", "text": "(MLDA) of 21. Between 1970 and 1975, 29 states lowered the MLDA from 21 to 18, 19, or 20. This was primarily due to the passing of the 26th Amendment, which lowered the required voting age from 21 to 18. During the 1960s, both Congress and the state legislatures came under increasing pressure to lower the minimum voting age from 21 to 18. This was in large part due to the Vietnam War, in which many young men who were ineligible to vote (or legally drink) were conscripted to fight in the war, thus lacking any means to influence the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4093803", "score": "1.0172042", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Epidemiology of binge drinking", "text": "has led to a review of liquor advertising being announced by the New Zealand government in January 2006. The review considered regulation of sport sponsorship by liquor companies, which at present is commonplace. Previously the drinking age in New Zealand was 20, then dropped to 18 in 1999. In direct conjunction with the age-lowering, the Police were found to strictly enforce the on-license (bar, restaurant) code for underage-drinking, less so for the off-licences (liquor stores, supermarkets). As a result, young people ages 15–17 found it significantly \"harder\" to get into (or be served at) bars and restaurants than it was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15446495", "score": "1.0170037", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "National Minimum Drinking Age Act", "text": "evidence that traffic deaths were merely shifted from the 18-20 age group to the 21-24 age group rather than averted. Additionally, Canada, Australia, the UK, and several other nations saw similar or faster declines in traffic fatalities than the USA did since the early 1980s despite not raising their drinking ages to 21. Thus, the magnitude of any public health and safety benefits of the 21 drinking age, at least relative to a legal drinking age of 18, remains unclear. National Minimum Drinking Age Act The National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 () was passed by the United States", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4093817", "score": "1.0112991", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Legal drinking age controversy in the United States", "text": "Legal drinking age controversy in the United States The legal drinking age varies from country to country. In the United States, the legal drinking age is currently 21. Other countries have raised the prices of alcohol and encouraged the general public to drink less. Having a legal drinking age of 21 allows for the hope that drinking would become less reckless and the people drinking would be more mature to make reasonable decisions when it comes to alcohol consumption. A survey of Australian college students demonstrated that they and other students witnessed blackouts during parties with alcohol consumption and around", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15583718", "score": "1.0029913", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Alcohol laws of Kansas", "text": "reduced by 10% the federal highway funding of any state which did not have a minimum drinking age of 21, the Kansas Legislature raised the drinking age from 18 to 21, effective January 1, 1985. Previously, the drinking age for CMB was 18. Persons under 21 are prohibited from purchasing or possessing any type of alcohol, from consuming alcohol for anything other than religious or prescribed medicinal purposes, or from having a blood alcohol level of more than .02%. There is exception for parents wishing to provide their own child CMB under K.S.A. 41-727(e). Alcohol laws of Kansas The alcohol", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10938720", "score": "1.0026314", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Alcohol law", "text": "Canada enacted prohibition of alcohol sales, consumption and distribution between the years of 1910 and 1920. After prohibition was ended, most provinces had a minimum drinking age of 21 years, while in the early 70s the age limit was lowered to either 18 or 19 years of age. Later a few provinces and territories raised their age limit from 18 to 19 in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The legal age for buying and possessing (but not necessarily for drinking) has been 21 years in every state since shortly after the passage of the National Minimum Drinking Age Act", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13924646", "score": "1.0022262", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Epidemiology of binge drinking", "text": "America, as well some as age-related differences. Canadians exceeded Americans in reported heavy alcohol use until age 19 (especially among the 1% percentage of students under 18), at which point Americans overtook and then began to exceed Canadians, especially among 21- and 22-year-olds. After age 23, there was no longer much of a difference. In Canada, the legal drinking age is 18 or 19, depending on the province. A relatively popular drinking game among the Canadian skateboarders and heavy metal culture is \"wizard sticks\", in which drinkers tape a stack of their empty beer cans to the can from which", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15446486", "score": "0.99553615", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Legal drinking age controversy in the United States", "text": "44% of college students were binge drinkers and that binge drinking peaked at age 21. Approximately three quarters of college students aged 18–20 years old drank alcohol in 2009. Within the U.S., youth are being targeted by social media in order to drive sales higher by highlighting alcohol consumption in a positive way. The legal drinking age was set to 21 years of age because studies showed that the leading cause of death of people age 1 to 34 accounted for one third of deaths due to unintentional injury from alcohol consumption. The liver is the organ that is most", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15583725", "score": "0.9952018", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Society of the United States", "text": "\"dry\", and to this day, a handful still do. During the Vietnam War era, attitudes swung well away from prohibition. Commentators noted that an eighteen-year-old could be drafted into the military to fight in a war overseas, but could not buy a beer. Most states lowered the legal drinking age to eighteen. Since 1980, the trend has been toward greater restrictions on alcohol and drug use. The focus this time, however, has been to criminalize behaviors associated with alcohol, rather than attempt to prohibit consumption outright. New York was the first state to enact tough drink-driving laws in 1980; since", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12287331", "score": "0.9924588", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Alcohol laws of West Virginia", "text": "2016. The drinking age was 18 for beer/wine and 21 for liquor until 1972, when it was lowered to 18 for all beverages (along with the age of majority). It was then raised to 19 in 1983 (21 for non-residents) and 21 for all in 1986. Persons under 18 are also not allowed to sell alcohol. Calhoun County is “dry.” Because its laws are less restrictive than its neighbor states, West Virginia benefits from sales to border residents, especially from the southern part of its border with Kentucky which has several \"dry\" counties. Huntington also benefits from neighboring Lawrence County,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12141354", "score": "0.98863447", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Alcohol laws of Maryland", "text": "is applied at the consumer level, appearing as a line-item on the customer's receipt. Prior to 1973, the minimum age to buy or possess alcoholic beverages was 21 years old. In 1973, the minimum age was decreased to 18 years old in Montgomery County and Prince George's County. In 1974, the minimum age was decreased to 18 years old for the entire state. In 1982, the minimum age was increased to 21 years old but with a grandfather clause which allowed those who had already turned 18 (born June 30, 1964 or earlier) to consume beer and wine. Alcohol laws", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12620831", "score": "0.9865279", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "National Minimum Drinking Age Act", "text": "as his motivations. In 1998, the National Youth Rights Association was founded, in part, to seek to lower the drinking age back to 18. In 2004, the president of Vermont's Middlebury College, John McCardell, Jr. wrote in \"The New York Times\" that \"the 21-year-old drinking age is bad social policy and terrible law\" that has made the college drinking problem far worse. Groups that oppose the 21 minimum include Choose Responsibility, the Amethyst Initiative, and Students for Sensible Drug Policy. Mothers Against Drunk Driving supports the 21 law and has been the main opponent to lowering it back to 18.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4093809", "score": "0.9848391", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Alberta Gaming, Liquor and Cannabis Commission", "text": "to purchase alcohol in 1965, in 1969 the ALCB opened its first self-serve liquor store in Edmonton. By 1970 the ALCB was no longer bottling products and commercial product packaging became normal. The Progressive Conservative government replaced the Socreds in 1971, and moved to loosen restrictions further, lowering the drinking age from 21 to 18. Although some Albertan MLA's since then have mooted raising the drinking age back to 19 to match the laws of neighbouring British Columbia and Saskatchewan, the lower drinking age remains in effect . Responsibility for domestic beer warehousing was transferred to the Alberta Brewers' Agents", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7593036", "score": "0.9839607", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Alcohol laws of New Jersey", "text": "1939, it became a criminal offense to sell alcohol to a person under 21, and for a person under 21 to purchase or consume alcohol in a licensed establishment. The state criminalized the underage possession of alcohol in motor vehicles and other public areas in 1957, possibly in response to young New Jerseyans traveling to New York, where the drinking age was 18, and returning home with liquor. For many years laws against underage drinking and the serving of alcohol to minors did not apply on private property, though an adult who supplied a substantial amount of liquor to an", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13361604", "score": "0.98203605", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Binge drinking", "text": "the Amethyst Initiative asserted that lowering the legal drinking age to 18 (presumably) was one way to curb the \"culture of dangerous binge drinking\" among college students. This idea is currently the subject of controversy. Proponents argue that the 21 law forces drinking underground and makes it more dangerous than it has to be, while opponents have claimed that lowering the age would only make the situation worse. Despite health warnings, most Australian women drink at least one night a week. But experts are warning they are not only damaging their bodies but are also at risk of attracting sexual", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12551389", "score": "0.98186934", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Legal drinking age controversy in the United States", "text": "average time of 0.75 to 1.35 hours depending on dose and last time of meal. Several factors affect a person's intoxication rate, including absorption rate factors such as food intake and drink strength, distribution factors, such as body fat, type, and weight, and Elimination factors, such as rate of consumption, tolerance, and gender differences. There are multiple views on the drinking age and how it should be handled. Most people argue one of three views, whether it should stay 21, lower to 18, or raise to 25. Some people, such as sociology Professor David Hanson, suggest lowering it. Underage drinking", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15583728", "score": "0.9812642", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Legal drinking age", "text": "of 19 years, while Alberta, Manitoba and Quebec have set a minimum age of 18 years. In South America all countries have set a minimum purchase age of 18 years, except for Guyana where minors aged 16 or 17 may consume a glass of beer, wine or cider in a restaurant provided they buy a meal, and Paraguay the only country with a minimum legal purchase and drinking age of 20 years. Most countries within Europe have set 18 as the minimum age to purchase alcohol. Although Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Germany, Gibraltar, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Serbia and Switzerland (except", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3809826", "score": "0.9797324", "original_retrieval_index": 29 } ]

[ "Triple threat" ]

[ { "title": "Basketball", "text": "more likely to result in turnovers or violations. Dribbling is the act of bouncing the ball continuously with one hand, and is a requirement for a player to take steps with the ball. To dribble, a player pushes the ball down towards the ground with the fingertips rather than patting it; this ensures greater control. When dribbling past an opponent, the dribbler should dribble with the hand farthest from the opponent, making it more difficult for the defensive player to get to the ball. It is therefore important for a player to be able to dribble competently with both hands.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "42606", "score": "1.0554008", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Double dribble", "text": "Double dribble In basketball, an \"illegal dribble\" (colloquially called a double dribble), occurs when a player ends his/her dribble by catching or causing the ball to come to rest in one or both hands and then dribbles it again with one hand or when a player touches it twice before the ball hits the ground. The dribble also ends when the dribbler palms/carries the ball by allowing it to come to rest in one or both hands. This is a palming/carrying the ball violation if the player continues with another dribble. There is an exception to the rule, however, and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5533759", "score": "0.97250956", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Dribbling", "text": "Dribbling In sports, dribbling is maneuvering a ball by one player while moving in a given direction, avoiding defenders' attempts to intercept the ball. A player can dribble with their legs (in association football, for example), hands (basketball and handball), stick (bandy, field hockey, and ice hockey) or swimming strokes (water polo). A successful dribble will bring the ball past defenders legally and create opportunities to score. In association football, a dribble is one of the most difficult ball skills to master and one of the most useful attacking moves. In typical game play, players attempt to propel the ball", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6264239", "score": "0.96916974", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Double dribble", "text": "the ball into the air or to the floor. The dribble ends when the player: Art. 24.2 of the FIBA rules provides that: A player shall not dribble for a second time after his first dribble has ended unless between the 2 dribbles he has lost control of a live ball on the playing court because of: Under NCAA, NFHS and FIBA rules, if an illegal dribble violation occurs, then the ball is awarded to the opposing team out of bounds nearest the point where the violation took place. Under NBA rules, the ball is awarded to the opposing team", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5533761", "score": "0.95963204", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Double dribble", "text": "at the nearest spot, but no closer to the end line than the free throw line extended. Double dribble In basketball, an \"illegal dribble\" (colloquially called a double dribble), occurs when a player ends his/her dribble by catching or causing the ball to come to rest in one or both hands and then dribbles it again with one hand or when a player touches it twice before the ball hits the ground. The dribble also ends when the dribbler palms/carries the ball by allowing it to come to rest in one or both hands. This is a palming/carrying the ball", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5533762", "score": "0.95768124", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Dribbling", "text": "the ball over to the other team. A \"double dribble\" may also be called if the player tries to dribble with both hands at the same time. Dribbling should be done with finger pads and the fingers should be relaxed and spread, The wrist should be pushing the basketball, and the forearm should be moving up and down. Skilled ball handlers bounce the ball low to the ground, reducing the risk of a defender reaching in to steal the ball. Adept dribblers can dribble behind their backs, between their legs and change the speed of the dribble, making the player", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6264247", "score": "0.9534391", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Dribbling", "text": "to another player or shooting for the basket. It consists of bouncing the ball on the floor continuously with one hand while walking or running down the court. James Naismith's original rules said nothing about dribbling, merely stating that passing the ball was the legal way of advancing it. Players soon developed the strategy of \"passing to themselves\", which Naismith himself both endorsed and admired for its ingenuity, and which evolved into the dribble as it is known today. The first known team to dribble was Yale University in 1897. The dribble allows for much faster advancement and thus more", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6264245", "score": "0.95069677", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Basketball", "text": "the dribble, giving this infraction the name double dribble. Within a dribble, the player cannot carry the ball by placing his hand on the bottom of the ball; doing so is known as carrying the ball. A team, once having established ball control in the front half of their court, may not return the ball to the backcourt and be the first to touch it. A violation of these rules results in loss of possession. The ball may not be kicked, nor be struck with the fist. For the offense, a violation of these rules results in loss of possession;", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "42583", "score": "0.9465231", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Basketball", "text": "outside and dribble if their skill allows it. Popular descriptions of positions include: Point guard (often called the \"1\") : usually the fastest player on the team, organizes the team's offense by controlling the ball and making sure that it gets to the right player at the right time. Shooting guard (the \"2\") : creates a high volume of shots on offense, mainly long-ranged; and guards the opponent's best perimeter player on defense. Small forward (the \"3\") : often primarily responsible for scoring points via cuts to the basket and dribble penetration; on defense seeks rebounds and steals, but sometimes", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "42593", "score": "0.9437318", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Basketball moves", "text": "Triple threat is the position when a player facing a defender receives a pass but has not dribbled yet. The offensive player's feet are slightly wider than shoulder width and slightly on the balls of their feet, their knees flexed, with both hands on the basketball in front of them or almost resting on their thigh, presenting the defender with an opponent able to move in any direction. One foot is held as the pivot and the other slightly ahead. From this, the player can choose from three options: to jump-shoot, to dribble (drive) past the defender or to pass", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Dribbling", "text": "opportunities for scoring. It also provides an opportunity for a crafty player on the opposing team to \"steal\" the ball in mid-bounce. Once a player stops dribbling the ball and holds it, the player normally must either pass it to another player or take a shot; if the player dribbles and then holds the ball in any way (either grasping it with his hands or arms, or \"palming\" it, i.e. holding it too much toward its underside during the act of dribbling) then continues to dribble, then the referee stops the play, signals either \"double dribble\" or \"carrying\", and turns", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6264246", "score": "0.93824375", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Double dribble", "text": "that is the power dribble. It can only be used once and can only be used after receiving a pass in the lane. The player (usually a center and/or power forward) slams the ball quickly with both hands and retrieves it. This is used to help big men back defenders down and get a strong stance. It usually is used in/near the paint (the lane). There is no violation during the jump ball, a throw-in or free throw. In the National Basketball Association, a dribble is movement of the ball, caused by a player in control, who throws or touches", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5533760", "score": "0.9379697", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Handball", "text": "at any time is considered travelling, and results in a turnover. A player may dribble as many times as they want (though, since passing is faster, it is the preferred method of attack), as long as during each dribble the hand contacts only the top of the ball. Therefore, carrying is completely prohibited, and results in a turnover. After the dribble is picked up, the player has the right to another three seconds or three steps. The ball must then be passed or shot, as further holding or dribbling will result in a \"double dribble\" turnover and a free throw", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "173630", "score": "0.93464804", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Crossover dribble", "text": "Crossover dribble A \"Crossover dribble\" is a basketball maneuver in which a player dribbling the ball switches the ball rapidly from one hand to the other, to make a change in direction. In a typical example the player heads upcourt, dribbling the ball in (say) the left hand, then makes a wide step left with a good head fake. If the defender is deceived, the player can then switch to dribbling with the right hand and surpass the defender. The crossover can allow the player an open short jumper or a clear path to the basket. There are six basic", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5058869", "score": "0.9327708", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Basketball", "text": "Good dribblers (or \"ball handlers\") tend to bounce the ball low to the ground, reducing the distance of travel of the ball from the floor to the hand, making it more difficult for the defender to \"steal\" the ball. Good ball handlers frequently dribble behind their backs, between their legs, and switch directions suddenly, making a less predictable dribbling pattern that is more difficult to defend against. This is called a crossover, which is the most effective way to move past defenders while dribbling. A skilled player can dribble without watching the ball, using the dribbling motion or peripheral vision", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "42607", "score": "0.9325334", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Basketball", "text": "collect a rebound, that is, a missed shot that bounces from rim or backboard. It is a violation to lift or drag one's pivot foot without dribbling the ball, to carry it, or to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling. The five players on each side at a time fall into five positions player positions: the tallest player is usually the center, the tallest and strongest is the power forward, a slightly shorter but more agile big man is the small forward, and the shortest players or the best ball handlers are the shooting guard and the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "42538", "score": "0.9324376", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Dribbling", "text": "foot-ball game. It is one in which young men, in country sport, propel a huge ball not by throwing it into the air but by striking it and skilfully rolling it along the ground, and that not with their hands but with their feet... kicking in opposite directions\". It is known that dribbling skills were a key part of many nineteenth-century football games at English public schools with the earliest reference to ball passing coming in 1863 rules of The Football Association. In basketball, dribbling is the legal method of advancing the ball by oneself, as opposed to passing it", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6264244", "score": "0.9298187", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Traveling (basketball)", "text": "f. A player who attempts a field goal may not be the first to touch the ball if it fails to touch the backboard, basket ring or another player. g. A player is not allowed be the first to touch his own pass unless the ball touches his backboard, basket ring or another player. h. Upon ending his dribble or gaining control of the ball, a player may not touch the floor consecutively with the same foot (hop). Article 25 of the FIBA Official Basketball Rules 2014: 25.1 Definition 25.1.1. Traveling is the illegal movement of one foot or both", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5985147", "score": "0.927914", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Basketball", "text": "passed between players, thrown, tapped, rolled or dribbled (bouncing the ball while running). The ball must stay within the court; the last team to touch the ball before it travels out of bounds forfeits possession. The ball is out of bounds if it touches a boundary line, or touches any player or object that is out of bounds. There are limits placed on the steps a player may take without dribbling, which commonly results in an infraction known as traveling. Nor may a player stop his dribble and then resume dribbling. A dribble that touches both hands is considered stopping", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "42582", "score": "0.9248973", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Dribbling", "text": "common and necessary in many sports. Introducing these skills prevents players from taking the ball in hand and running the length of the field unchallenged. In this way, the dribbling is related to: Dribbling In sports, dribbling is maneuvering a ball by one player while moving in a given direction, avoiding defenders' attempts to intercept the ball. A player can dribble with their legs (in association football, for example), hands (basketball and handball), stick (bandy, field hockey, and ice hockey) or swimming strokes (water polo). A successful dribble will bring the ball past defenders legally and create opportunities to score.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6264250", "score": "0.9238158", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Dribble drive motion", "text": "players in the half court, so that helping on dribble penetration or skips becomes difficult for the defense, because the help will leave an offensive player open without any defenders near him. As an example a guard can drive through the defensive gaps for a layup or dunk, or pass out to the perimeter if the defense collapses onto him. Like the Princeton offense, the Dribble Drive offense is a \"four-out\" offense - that is, only one post player (generally the center) plays near the basket, while the other four players play on the perimeter, around the three-point line. Unlike", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11064950", "score": "0.9186728", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Roll ball", "text": "during passing and shooting. Player interaction is similar to basketball in that a player must dribble the ball while carrying it. A player may dribble, pass or throw the ball with single or both the hands. It is a violation to run or roll with the ball without dribbling or to deliberately kick or block the ball it with any part of the leg. To accidentally come into contact or touch the ball with the foot or leg is not a violation. Players may also not strike the ball with a fist. Foul rules are similar to those of association", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15611397", "score": "0.9151897", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Basketball positions", "text": "the weaknesses of the defense, and the strengths of their own offense. They are responsible for directing plays, making the position equivalent to that of quarterback in American football, playmaker in association football (soccer), center in ice hockey, or setter in volleyball. Good point guards increase team efficiency and generally have a high number of assists. They are often referred to as dribblers or play-makers. In the NBA, point guards are usually the shortest players on the team and are mostly or shorter. The shooting guard (SG) is also known as the two or the off guard. Along with the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5067874", "score": "0.9135719", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Basketball positions", "text": "small forward, a shooting guard is often referred to as a wing because of its use in common positioning tactics. As the name suggests, most shooting guards are good shooters from three-point range. Besides being able to shoot the ball, shooting guards tend to have good ball handling skills and the ability to drive the ball to the basket, often creating their own shots off the dribble. A versatile shooting guard will have good passing skills, allowing them to assume point guard responsibilities known as combo guards. Bigger shooting guards also tend to play as small forwards. In the NBA,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5067875", "score": "0.9056577", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Double Dribble (video game)", "text": "the ball or making a shot. Frequently a player would miss a slam dunk, which is a very high percentage shot. The arcade version was a timed play (much like \"Star Fire\"), where after every minute of play, the game was owed a credit if the score was tied or the computer is ahead. However, if the live player was ahead, a \"free\" minute was earned. Many average players could earn the first free minute, but this became increasingly more difficult to do as making 3-point shots became virtually impossible over the course of gameplay. Players can choose from one", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5533869", "score": "0.90547025", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Point guard", "text": "secondary to situational awareness, speed, quickness, and ball handling skills. Shorter players tend to be better dribblers since they are closer to the floor, and thus have better control of the ball while dribbling. After an opponent scores, it is typically the point guard who brings the ball down court to begin an offensive play. Passing skills, ball handling, and court vision are crucial. Speed is important; a speedy point guard is better able to create separation and space off the dribble, giving him/herself room to work. Point guards are often valued more for their assist totals than for their", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2947270", "score": "0.9009182", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Rules of basketball", "text": "had dribbled. The definition of dribbling became the \"continuous passage of the ball\" in 1909, allowing more than one bounce, and a player who had dribbled was then allowed to shoot. Running with the ball ceased to be considered a foul in 1922, and became a violation, meaning that the only penalty was loss of possession. Striking the ball with the fist has also become a violation. From 1931, if a closely guarded player withheld the ball from play for five seconds, play was stopped and resumed with a jump ball; such a situation has since become a violation by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4803524", "score": "0.9001792", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Dribbling", "text": "difficult to defend, and opening up options to pass, shoot or drive with the ball. The National Association of Basketball Coaches (NABC) was founded in 1927 to oppose a move to eliminate dribbling from the sport. In water polo, dribbling is the technique of moving the ball while swimming forward. The ball is propelled ahead of the player with the wake created by alternating armstrokes, and often accompanied by occasional nudges using the nose or forehead. Since ball contact is minimal, this creates advantage for the ball carrier advancing the ball; the defender may not make contact unless the attacker", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6264248", "score": "0.8985454", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Basketball moves", "text": "the dribbler's feet or a steal. This dribble is especially useful for when the offensive player is really close to their defender and needs to change dribble hands, but doesn't have space to use a regular crossover. The wraparound is similar to a behind-the-back except; instead of the ball being thrown in a sideways direction and bouncing behind the ballhandler's back, it is swung further around the back and thrown in a forward direction, bouncing on the side or in front of the ballhandler's body. This move is mostly used when a defender lunges toward one side of the ballhandler's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5404054", "score": "0.8952627", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "NBA 2K2", "text": "Michael Jordan, Larry Bird, Julius Erving, Wilt Chamberlain, Magic Johnson, and Bill Russell. Each player's abilities reflect those based on the 2001–02 season, so the location of shots is important depending on the athlete. Moves such as crossover dribbles, pump fakes, speed bursts, and both icon and directional passing allow players multiple options to move the ball down the court. While approaching the net, players can press a single button to pass to the man closest to the basket or use their athlete's size advantage to back down a defender. Players can also call for a pick with a press", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13811775", "score": "0.8933099", "original_retrieval_index": 28 } ]

[ "L1 or L2", "the conus medullaris" ]

[ { "title": "Cauda equina", "text": "vertebra (T12) to L3. Individual spinal nerve roots arise from the cord as they get closer to the head, but as the differential growth occurs, the top end of the nerve stays attached to the spinal cord while the lower end of the nerve exits the spinal column at its proper level. This results in a \"bundle\"-like structure of nerve fibers that extends caudally from the end of the spinal cord, gradually declining in number further down as individual pairs leave the spinal column. The cauda equina exists within the lumbar cistern, a gap between the arachnoid membrane and the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1808853", "score": "1.2369577", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Cauda equina", "text": "displaces from its normal position. The herniation occurs after the disc begins to break down with aging and can be precipitated by stress or a mechanical problem in the spine. The result is that the softer, center portion of the disc pushes out and causes pressure on the nerve roots in the lumbar spine. Other causes include spinal lesions and tumors, spinal infections or inflammation, lumbar spinal stenosis, trauma to the lower back, birth abnormalities, spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), spinal hemorrhages (subarachnoid, subdural, epidural), narrowing of the spinal canal, postoperative lumbar spine surgery complications or spinal anesthesia. The cauda equina", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1808856", "score": "1.1619812", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Cauda equina", "text": "pia matter of the spinal cord, called the subarachnoid space. Cerebrospinal fluid also exists within this space. Because the spinal cord terminates at level L1/L2, lumbar puncture (or colloquially, \"spinal tap\") is performed from the lumbar cistern between two vertebrae at level L3/L4, or L4/L5, where there is no risk of accidental injury to the spinal cord, when a sample of CSF is needed for clinical purposes. Cauda equina syndrome, a rare disorder affecting the bundle of nerve roots (cauda equina) at the lower (lumbar) end of the spinal cord, is a surgical emergency. Cauda equina syndrome occurs when the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1808854", "score": "1.158043", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Cauda equina", "text": "nerve roots in the lumbar spine are compressed, disrupting sensation and movement. Nerve roots that control the function of the bladder and bowel are especially vulnerable to damage. It can lead to permanent paralysis, impaired bladder and/or bowel control, loss of sexual sensation, and other problems if left untreated. Even with immediate treatment, some patients may not recover complete function. Cauda equina syndrome most commonly results from a massive disc herniation in the lumbar region. A disc herniation occurs when one of the soft flexible discs that functions as an elastic shock absorber between the bones of the spinal column", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1808855", "score": "1.1518848", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Cauda equina syndrome", "text": "Cauda equina syndrome Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a condition that occurs when the bundle of nerves below the end of the spinal cord known as the cauda equina is damaged. Signs and symptoms include low back pain, pain that radiates down the leg, numbness around the anus, and loss of bowel or bladder control. Onset may be rapid or gradual. The cause is usually a disc herniation in the lower region of the back. Other causes include spinal stenosis, cancer, trauma, epidural abscess, and epidural hematoma. The diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms and confirmed by medical imaging such", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4421164", "score": "1.1500015", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Spinal disease", "text": "the higher the spinal lesion, the greater the functional impairment to the individual. Symptoms may include bowel and bladder problems, weakness and/or loss of sensation below the level of the lesion, paralysis, or orthopedic issues. Severity of symptoms can vary per situation. Cauda equina syndrome is a rare syndrome that effects the spinal nerves in the region of the lower back called the cauda equine (Latin for \"horses tail\"). Injury to the cauda equine can have long lasting ramifications for the individual. Symptoms include lower back pain, bladder disturbances, bowel dysfunction, and anesthesia or paresthesia between the thighs. In order", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13089507", "score": "1.1196404", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Cauda equina syndrome", "text": "equina, penetrating trauma such as knife wounds or ballistic trauma. CES can be caused by lumbar spinal stenosis, which is when the diameter of the spinal canal narrows. This could be the result of a degenerative process of the spine (such as osteoarthritis) or a developmental defect which is present at birth. In the most severe cases of spondylolisthesis cauda equina syndrome can result. Chronic spinal inflammatory conditions such as Paget disease, neurosarcoidosis, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, ankylosing spondylitis and chronic tuberculosis can cause it. This is due to the spinal canal narrowing that these kinds of syndromes can produce.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4421167", "score": "1.1023706", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Cauda equina syndrome", "text": "L1-5 and S1-5. The nerve roots from L4-S4 join in the sacral plexus which affects the sciatic nerve, which travels caudally (toward the feet). Compression, trauma or other damage to this region of the spinal canal can result in cauda equina syndrome. The symptoms may also appear as a temporary side-effect of a sacral extra-dural injection: Direct trauma can also cause cauda equina syndrome. Most common causes include iatrogenic lumbar punctures, burst fractures resulting in posterior migration of fragments of the vertebral body, severe disc herniations, spinal anaesthesia involving trauma from catheters and high local anaesthetic concentrations around the cauda", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4421166", "score": "1.086956", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Cauda equina syndrome", "text": "to remove the compression causing nerve damage, the greater the damage caused to the nerve(s). Damage can be so severe that nerve regrowth is impossible, and the nerve damage will be permanent. In cases where the nerve has been damaged but is still capable of regrowth, recovery time is widely variable. Surgical intervention with decompression of the cauda equina can assist recovery. Delayed or severe nerve damage can mean up to several years' recovery time because nerve growth is exceptionally slow. Review of the literature indicates that around 50-70% of patients have urinary retention (CES-R) on presentation with 30-50% having", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4421175", "score": "1.0842443", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Cauda equina", "text": "The cauda equina (Latin for \"horse's tail\") is a bundle of spinal nerves and spinal nerve rootlets, consisting of the second through fifth lumbar nerve pairs, the first through fifth sacral nerve pairs, and the coccygeal nerve, all of which arise from the lumbar enlargement and the conus medullaris of the spinal cord. The cauda equina occupies the lumbar cistern, a subarachnoid space inferior to the conus medullaris. The nerves that compose the cauda equina innervate the pelvic organs and lower limbs to include motor innervation of the hips, knees, ankles, feet, internal anal sphincter and external anal sphincter. In", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Neuromere", "text": "spinal segments form a bundle called the cauda equina. There are two regions where the spinal cord enlarges: Cervical enlargement - corresponds roughly to the brachial plexus nerves, which innervate the upper limb. It includes spinal cord segments from about C4 to T1. The vertebral levels of the enlargement are roughly the same (C4 to T1). Lumbosacral enlargement - corresponds to the lumbosacral plexus nerves, which innervate the lower limb. It comprises the spinal cord segments from L2 to S3 and is found about the vertebral levels of T9 to T12. The spinal cord is made from part of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3863093", "score": "1.077618", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Cauda equina syndrome", "text": "care to those admitted to the hospital for surgery. Hospital stays generally last 4 to 5 days, and cost an average of $100,000 to $150,000. Cauda equina syndrome Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a condition that occurs when the bundle of nerves below the end of the spinal cord known as the cauda equina is damaged. Signs and symptoms include low back pain, pain that radiates down the leg, numbness around the anus, and loss of bowel or bladder control. Onset may be rapid or gradual. The cause is usually a disc herniation in the lower region of the back.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4421179", "score": "1.0669844", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Cauda equina syndrome", "text": "shows leg (lumbar nerves) analgesia with perineal (sacral nerves) escape. The maintenance of perineal sensation with absence of pain sensation over the lumbar nerve roots is typical for an extra-medullary and intra-thecal (outside the cord and within the dural sheath) process. Inability to walk, with this unusual sensory examination completes a triad of signs and usually represents spinal tuberculosis. The triad is paraplegia with lumbar loss of pain sensation and presence of perineal altered sensation. Diagnosis is usually confirmed by an MRI scan or CT scan, depending on availability. Early surgery in acute onset of severe cases has been reported", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4421169", "score": "1.065598", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Spinal nerve", "text": "L1 vertebra, where the cauda equina begins, and then descend into the sacrum. There are five paired sacral nerves, half of them arising through the sacrum on the left side and the other half on the right side. Each nerve emerges in two divisions: one division through the anterior sacral foramina and the other division through the posterior sacral foramina. The nerves divide into branches and the branches from different nerves join with one another, some of them also joining with lumbar or coccygeal nerve branches. These anastomoses of nerves form the sacral plexus and the lumbosacral plexus. The branches", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1808707", "score": "1.0538726", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Lumbar", "text": "body. In most mammals, the lumbar region of the spine curves outward. The actual spinal cord (Angelamedulla spinalis) terminates between vertebrae one and two of this series, called L1 and L2. The nervous tissue that extends below this point are individual strands that collectively form the cauda equina. In between each lumbar vertebra a nerve root exits, and these nerve roots come together again to form the largest single nerve in the human body, the sciatic nerve. The sciatic nerve runs through the back of each leg and into the feet. This is why a disorder of the low back", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2756791", "score": "1.0520633", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Caudal cell mass", "text": "Caudal cell mass In humans and other mammals, the caudal cell mass (sometimes tail bud in humans) is the aggregate of undifferentiated cells at the caudal end on the spine.The caudal end of the spinal cord first begins to form after primary neuralation has taken place, indicating that it develops after the cranial portion of the spinal cord has developed. Following neuralation, the caudal tail begins to form a neurocele as it develops a hollow core. After this, secondary neuralation occurs in which the medullary cord begins to form and is filled with many cavities that ultimatelly form the lumen.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2415303", "score": "1.0235476", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Cauda equina syndrome", "text": "focus of rehabilitation is centered on controlling the bladder and bowel functions and decreasing muscle weakness in the lower extremities. Physical therapists can assist in sitting stability and transferring by working on strength training. Therapists will work on balance, gait, and transfers since muscle weakness or paralysis may occur in the lower extremities (Dawodu, 2013). Additionally, electrical stimulation is also helpful to enhance muscle tone (Dawodu, 2013). The prognosis for complete recovery is dependent upon many factors. The most important of these is the severity and duration of compression upon the damaged nerve(s). Generally, the longer the time before intervention", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4421174", "score": "1.0123203", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Spinal cord", "text": "neural elements. The spinal cord ends at the level of vertebrae L1–L2, while the subarachnoid space —the compartment that contains cerebrospinal fluid— extends down to the lower border of S2. Lumbar punctures in adults are usually performed between L3–L5 (cauda equina level) in order to avoid damage to the spinal cord. In the fetus, the spinal cord extends the full length of the spine and regresses as the body grows. Spinal tumours can occur in the spinal cord and these can be either inside (intradural) or outside (extradural) the dura mater. Spinal cord The spinal cord is a long, thin,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12964571", "score": "1.0084915", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Laminotomy", "text": "the L3 vertebrae occurs, pressure builds up on the cauda equina, commonly causing pain in the lower back and lower extremities. Cauda equina compression can also be due to stenosis of L4-5 region as well. Even though the CT scan allows for intensive image studying, the fixed nature of the image collection process alone is not enough to reach a definitive diagnosis of lumbar spinal stenosis. The outcome of the CT scan can help compile physiological evidence that the patient has lumbar spinal stenosis, and that the patient may potentially benefit from a laminotomy to improve his or her quality", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11192134", "score": "1.0033147", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Sciatica", "text": "and allowing nerve roots to properly exit through the spaces between the vertebrae from the spinal cord. As an individual ages, the anulus fibrosus inevitably weakens and it becomes less rigid; thus, it is subsequently more likely to tear. When there is a tear in the anulus fibrosus, the nucleus pulposus may extrude through the tear and press against spinal nerves within the spinal cord, cauda equina, or exiting nerve roots, causing inflammation, numbness, or excruciating pain. Inflammation of spinal tissue can then spread to adjacent facet joints and cause facet syndrome, which is characterized by lower back pain and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2297131", "score": "1.0000975", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Spinal cord", "text": "Spinal cord The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular structure made up of nervous tissue, that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. It encloses the central canal of the spinal cord that contains cerebrospinal fluid. The brain and spinal cord together make up the central nervous system (CNS). In humans, the spinal cord begins at the occipital bone where it passes through the foramen magnum, and meets and enters the spinal canal at the beginning of the cervical vertebrae. The spinal cord extends down to between the first and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12964535", "score": "0.98735505", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Cauda equina syndrome", "text": "antibiotics can be used to treat it. Cauda equina syndrome can occur during pregnancy due to lumbar disc herniation; age of mother increases the risk. Surgery can still be performed and the pregnancy does not adversely affect treatment. Treatment for those with cauda equina can and should be carried out at any time during pregnancy. Lifestyle issues may need to be addressed post - treatment. Issues could include the patients need for physiotherapy and occupational therapy due to lower limb dysfunction. Obesity might also need to be tackled. Rehabilitation of CES depends on the severity of the injury. If permanent", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4421172", "score": "0.9800721", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Retrolisthesis", "text": "of spinal segments. There is also always a reduced anterior to posterior dimension of the spinal canal compared to the way it is supposed to be. The greater the posterior displacement, the more significant it is for producing a dysfunctional spinal cord or even a cauda equina syndrome. Joint stability is easily evaluated by the use of flexion and extension lateral x-ray views of the spine. A summary of part of the DRE tables () give a guide as to the implications of the joint instability. If either translation or angular change is determined from flexion to extension to the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4397261", "score": "0.9792206", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Spinal disc herniation", "text": "can result in loss of bowel and bladder control as well as sexual dysfunction. This disorder is called cauda equina syndrome. Other complications include chronic pain. Most authors favour degeneration of the intervertebral disc as the major cause of spinal disc herniation and cite trauma as a low cause. Disc degeneration occurs both with degenerative disc disease and aging. With degeneration, the contents of the disc, the nucleus pulposus and anulus fibrosus, are exposed to altered loads. Specifically, the nucleus becomes fibrous and stiff and less able to bear load. The load is transferred to the anulus, which, if it", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8633057", "score": "0.9764489", "original_retrieval_index": 33 }, { "title": "Peripheral nervous system", "text": "and T1 (so it is called spinal nerve root C8). In the lumbar and sacral region, the spinal nerve roots travel within the dural sac and they travel below the level of L2 as the cauda equina. The first 4 cervical spinal nerves, C1 through C4, split and recombine to produce a variety of nerves that serve the neck and back of head. Spinal nerve C1 is called the suboccipital nerve, which provides motor innervation to muscles at the base of the skull. C2 and C3 form many of the nerves of the neck, providing both sensory and motor control.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "338347", "score": "0.9733751", "original_retrieval_index": 34 }, { "title": "Cauda equina syndrome", "text": "an incomplete syndrome (CES-I). The latter group, especially if the history is less than a few days, usually requires emergency MRI to confirm the diagnosis followed by prompt decompression. CES-I with its more favourable prognosis may become CES-R at a later stage. Various etiologies of CES include fractures, abscesses, hematomas, and any compression of the relevant nerve roots. Injuries to the thoracolumbar spine will not necessarily result in a clinical diagnosis of CES, but in all such cases it is necessary to consider. Few epidemiological studies of CES have been done in the United States, owing to difficulties such as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4421176", "score": "0.97084427", "original_retrieval_index": 35 }, { "title": "Epidural administration", "text": "spinal canal but just outside the dura mater (\"dura\"). In contact with the inner surface of the dura is another membrane called the arachnoid mater (\"arachnoid\"). The cerebrospinal fluid that surrounds the spinal cord is contained by the arachnoid mater. In adults, the spinal cord terminates around the level of the disc between L1 and L2 (in neonates it extends to L3 but can reach as low as L4), below which lies a bundle of nerves known as the cauda equina (\"horse's tail\"). Hence, lumbar epidural injections carry a low risk of injuring the spinal cord. Insertion of an epidural", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3754846", "score": "0.9571949", "original_retrieval_index": 38 }, { "title": "Cauda equina syndrome", "text": "to be important. Early diagnosis can allow for preventive treatment. Signs that allow early diagnosis include changes in bowel and bladder function and loss of feeling in groin. The management of true cauda equina syndrome frequently involves surgical decompression. When cauda equina syndrome is caused by a herniated disk early surgical decompression is recommended. Cauda equina syndrome of sudden onset is regarded as a medical/surgical emergency. Surgical decompression by means of laminectomy or other approaches may be undertaken within 6, 24 or 48 hours of symptoms developing if a compressive lesion, e.g., ruptured disc, epidural abscess, tumor or hematoma is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4421170", "score": "0.9536209", "original_retrieval_index": 39 }, { "title": "Spinal cord", "text": "around in women, ovoid-shaped, and is enlarged in the cervical and lumbar regions. The cervical enlargement, stretching from the C5 to T1 vertebrae, is where sensory input comes from and motor output goes to the arms and trunk. The lumbar enlargement, located between L1 and S3, handles sensory input and motor output coming from and going to the legs. The spinal cord is continuous with the caudal portion of the medulla, running from the base of the skull to the body of the first lumbar vertebra. It does not run the full length of the vertebral column in adults. It", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12964538", "score": "0.9527882", "original_retrieval_index": 40 }, { "title": "Spinal cord injury", "text": "impingement on the spinal cord by a tumor or vertebral disk. Anterior cord syndrome, due to damage to the front portion of the spinal cord or reduction in the blood supply from the anterior spinal artery, can be caused by fractures or dislocations of vertebrae or herniated disks. Below the level of injury, motor function, pain sensation, and temperature sensation are lost, while sense of touch and proprioception (sense of position in space) remain intact. These differences are due to the relative locations of the spinal tracts responsible for each type of function. Brown-Séquard syndrome occurs when the spinal cord", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3880024", "score": "0.9339069", "original_retrieval_index": 43 } ]

[ "September 4, 2000" ]

[ { "title": "Clifford the Big Red Dog (TV series)", "text": "of \"Clifford the Big Red Dog\" . By the time the last of the 68 half-hour episodes and the subsequent film \"Clifford's Really Big Movie\" were completed, Ritter was back on ABC's prime-time schedule, starring in \"8 Simple Rules\". Ritter's death on September 11, 2003 came less than a week before PBS debuted \"Clifford's Puppy Days\", a show that kept Clifford's legacy going. While no new \"Clifford\" episodes have been released since Ritter's death in 2003, voice actors for the main characters have reprised some of their roles for the \"Ready to Learn\" PBS Kids PSAs. \"Clifford's Really Big Movie\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12706187", "score": "1.3454587", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Clifford the Big Red Dog (TV series)", "text": "because her mother told her that a small apartment is no place for a big dog like Clifford. The series has at least 5 segments in the show, which are: On UK airings, only one story is shown with either the Storytime with Speckle or the Clifford's Big Ideas segments at the end, shortening the show to only about 15 Minutes. \"Clifford the Big Red Dog\" was shown on BBC One and Tiny Pop in United Kingdom. It also aired in Canada on CBC and in Latin America on Discovery Kids. A reboot was announced on May 16, 2018 by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12706190", "score": "1.326646", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Clifford the Big Red Dog", "text": "Clifford the Big Red Dog Clifford the Big Red Dog is an American children's book series about a giant red dog named Clifford. It was first published in 1963 and was written by Norman Bridwell (1928–2014). Bridwell himself had a dog he based the stories on, however his pet canine was neither big nor red. The series helped establish Scholastic as a premier publishing company, and Clifford himself is Scholastic's official mascot. In 1988, Scholastic Studios, Mendelson-Melendez Productions, Nelvana, Wang Film Productions, and Family Home Entertainment released \"Clifford's Fun with...\", a videotape series with the theme song by Phillip Namanworth", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5112963", "score": "1.3095636", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Clifford the Big Red Dog (TV series)", "text": "Scholastic, and will premiere in late 2019. Scholastic, Brown Bag Films and 100 Chickens Productions will produce the series. In 1988, before the television series, six direct-to-video episodes based on the \"Clifford the Big Red Dog\" children's book series by Norman Bridwell, were released on videocassette by Family Home Entertainment, The Scholastic Learning Library, Nelvana, Wang Film Productions Co., Ltd., and Mendelson-Melendez Productions. The animation for direct-to-video series, came from the \"Peanuts\" cartoon team of Lee Mendelson and Bill Melendez, giving them a look similar to the \"Peanuts\" cartoons, in contrast to the later television series which was animated by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12706191", "score": "1.2782022", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Clifford the Big Red Dog", "text": "a 39-episode prequel series that took place during Clifford's puppyhood, which ran September 2003 to February 2006. During that time, a 76-minute film which served as the show's finale was released in February 2004. There will be a new Clifford series in Fall 2019 for Amazon Prime Video. In May 2012, it was reported that Universal Pictures and Illumination Entertainment would make a live-action/animated feature film based on the book. Matt Lopez had been hired to write the script, while Chris Meledandri and Deborah Forte would produce the film. In July 2013, it was reported that Illumination had dropped the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5112965", "score": "1.2641575", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Clifford's Really Big Movie", "text": "Clifford's Really Big Movie Clifford's Really Big Movie is a 2004 American animated adventure film based on the classic PBS Kids TV series \"Clifford the Big Red Dog\", itself an adaptation of the book series of the same name by Norman Bridwell. This film was directed by Robert Ramirez, produced by Scholastic Entertainment and Big Red Dog Productions, and originally released to theaters by Warner Bros. on February 20, 2004. The film depicts a giant red Labrador Retriever named Clifford (John Ritter) running away and joining a travelling animal show known as \"Larry's Amazing Animals\" with his best friends. Larry", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7635478", "score": "1.2585368", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Clifford's Puppy Days", "text": "Clifford's Puppy Days Clifford's Puppy Days is an American animated children's television series that originally aired on both PBS and PBS Kids from September 15, 2003 to February 23, 2006. A prequel to the original \"Clifford the Big Red Dog\", it features the adventures of Clifford during his puppy days before he became a big red dog and before moving to Birdwell Island. The series was cancelled in February 2006 following low ratings, with very few PBS stations re-running it afterwards. Since then, occasional reruns continue to air. In the UK the show aired on CBeebies from 2004 to early", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5597429", "score": "1.2549082", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Clifford the Big Red Dog (TV series)", "text": "Mike Young Productions. Brent Titcomb voiced Clifford in the videos, and Alyson Court voiced Emily Elizabeth. In 2004, Warner Bros. Pictures distributed a feature-length animated film based on the show titled \"Clifford's Really Big Movie\". It was about Clifford, Cleo and T-Bone joining an animal show to win a lifetime supply of dog food to provide for Clifford. This was John Ritter's last film as he died on September 11, 2003, after completing voice work for the film. The film was dedicated to his memory. The movie also stars Wayne Brady as Shackleford the Ferret, Judge Reinhold as Amazing Larry,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12706192", "score": "1.240982", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Clifford (character)", "text": "Clifford (character) Clifford is the main protagonist of the \"Clifford the Big Red Dog\" book series, written by Norman Bridwell, and originally published in 1963, and the television series of the same name, which is based upon it, and ran from 2000-2003. Clifford is a giant, friendly red dog who is owned by a young girl named Emily Elizabeth. The book of his debut, as narrated by his owner, detailed Clifford's versatility, great helpfulness, and his friendship with his friends, albeit as the books progressed they detailed his many experiences with Emily Elizabeth and adventures (such as gaining temporary celebrity", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14788794", "score": "1.2340935", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Clifford the Big Red Dog (TV series)", "text": "Clifford the Big Red Dog is an American-British educational animated children's television series, based upon Norman Bridwell's children's book series of the same name. Produced by Scholastic Productions, it originally aired on PBS Kids from September 4, 2000 to February 25, 2003. The UK version (where it was dubbed with British voice actors replacing the original American soundtrack) originally aired on BBC 2 on April 1, 2002.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Clifford the Big Red Dog (TV series)", "text": "serves as the series finale due to Ritter's death, as no new episodes were made to continue from where it left off. However, \"Clifford's Puppy Days\" still continued to air until its cancellation in 2006. On May 16, 2018, Scholastic announced a reboot of the series and is scheduled for a late 2019 premiere concurrently on PBS Kids and Amazon Prime. Two 15-minute stories made up each half-hour episode. Usually one story featured Clifford and his canine friends, Cleo and T-Bone among them; the other story would focus on Clifford's owner Emily Elizabeth and her friends. During scenes focusing on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12706188", "score": "1.2331102", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Clifford's Puppy Days", "text": "Makes Little Things Grow\", was composed by Jared Faber and Emily Kapnek and performed by Freedom Bremner. Clifford's Puppy Days Clifford's Puppy Days is an American animated children's television series that originally aired on both PBS and PBS Kids from September 15, 2003 to February 23, 2006. A prequel to the original \"Clifford the Big Red Dog\", it features the adventures of Clifford during his puppy days before he became a big red dog and before moving to Birdwell Island. The series was cancelled in February 2006 following low ratings, with very few PBS stations re-running it afterwards. Since then,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5597432", "score": "1.2060239", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Clifford's Puppy Days", "text": "2011 and like the original series, the show was dubbed with British voice actors, replacing the original American soundtrack. Set two years before the events of \"Clifford the Big Red Dog\", the series focuses on when Clifford is a tiny red puppy, the runt of the litter in a litter of puppies given birth to by the pet dog of Emily Elizabeth's neighbor, Mr. Bradley (who appeared in an episode of the first cartoon series, \"Little Clifford\") and after he had been adopted by Emily Elizabeth and before he grew up into a giant red adult dog, forcing the Howards", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5597430", "score": "1.2032819", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Clifford the Big Red Dog (TV series)", "text": "the dog character's perspective, human speech would replace barking to engage viewers in the storyline from the dogs' point of view. This series was produced by Mike Young Productions and Scholastic Studios. The TV series takes place in the fictional island of Birdwell Island, where Clifford lives. The name is inspired by Norman Bridwell, the author of the books, but the letters I and R are switched. It is based on Martha's Vineyard, where Bridwell lived. Emily Elizabeth used to live in an apartment in New York City, but she moved away with her parents and Clifford to Birdwell Island", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12706189", "score": "1.1837225", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Clifford (character)", "text": "Clifford during his babyhood. Such characters include Jorge, a Spanish dachshund owned by Emily's friend Nina (played by Masiela Lusha), Daffodil, a pink pet rabbit owned by Clifford's family, Norville, a bird (voiced by Henry Winkler), among others. Clifford (character) Clifford is the main protagonist of the \"Clifford the Big Red Dog\" book series, written by Norman Bridwell, and originally published in 1963, and the television series of the same name, which is based upon it, and ran from 2000-2003. Clifford is a giant, friendly red dog who is owned by a young girl named Emily Elizabeth. The book of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14788798", "score": "1.1644158", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Norman Bridwell", "text": "an editor offhandedly suggested he turn one of his drawings into a story. The drawing was of a young girl and a horse-sized bloodhound, and the story became \"Clifford The Big Red Dog\". That book spawned over 40 best-selling Clifford books, two television series, merchandise, a live musical and a live-action film that's in development. Bridwell's other successful books include \"The Witch Next Door\", and \"A Tiny Family\". There are over 126 million copies of his books in print in 13 languages. By 1962, Bridwell was married to his wife Norma Howard, and they had a daughter Emily Elizabeth, as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7635488", "score": "1.1607995", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Norman Bridwell", "text": "Norman Bridwell Norman Ray Bridwell (February 15, 1928 – December 12, 2014) was an American author and cartoonist best known for the \"Clifford the Big Red Dog\" book series. Bridwell was born on February 15, 1928 in Kokomo, Indiana, to Leona and Vern Bridwell. He graduated from Kokomo High School in 1945, and went on to attend John Herron School of Art in Indianapolis, and Cooper Union, in New York City. Bridwell put together a portfolio and attempted to get a job as a children's book illustrator but was rejected by around fifteen publishing houses. While at Harper & Row,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7635487", "score": "1.1495166", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Clifford the Big Red Dog", "text": "the film. According to the report, \"Forte decided to take the material in a new direction,\" and \"Universal let the option lapse.\" It was further announced that \"Office Christmas Party\" writer Justin Malen was hired to write the screenplay. On September 25, 2017, it was announced that Walt Becker will direct the film, replacing Bowers. The film will now be produced by Scholastic Entertainment and Paramount Animation. \"Original series\" \"Modern series\" \"Media and Culture\", 5th ed., Richard Campbell, Christopher R. Martin and Bettina Fabos. Clifford the Big Red Dog Clifford the Big Red Dog is an American children's book series", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5112967", "score": "1.1489577", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Clifford the Big Red Dog", "text": "and Benjamin Goldstein. These episodes include the following: \"The ABC Message Service\", \"Clifford's Birthday Surprise\", \"The Scavenger Hunt\", \"The Rhyme Cat Rescue\", \"Clifford Goes to Hollywood\", and \"The Pet Show\". Brent Titcomb voiced Clifford, and Emily Elizabeth was voiced by Alyson Court. Karl-Lorimar Home Video released the video \"Clifford's Sing Along Adventure\" around the same time. Warner Home Video re-released it in the mid-1990s. Scholastic Studios produced a 65-episode adaptation shown on PBS Kids, which aired from September 2000 to February 2003. Clifford was voiced by actor John Ritter, and Emily Elizabeth was voiced by Grey DeLisle. There was also", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5112964", "score": "1.1400971", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Clifford's Puppy Days", "text": "to move to Birdwell Island so Clifford would have plenty of room, the series shows Clifford and Emily Elizabeth's life and friends before they moved from the city to Birdwell Island and all of their adventures. The show followed the same format as its predecessor, \"Clifford the Big Red Dog\". Each half-hour episode was divided into 2 stories. Season 1 Season 2 After the show's cancellation in 2006, the show aired reruns on very few PBS stations. However, it airs occasionally on the new 24/7 PBS Kids Channel, which is carried on many PBS member stations. The opening theme, \"Love", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5597431", "score": "1.1208835", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Clifford's Really Big Movie", "text": "in 2006. It is currently the only theatrical film based on a PBS Kids TV series, not counting the films based on \"Sesame Street\". A giant red Labrador Retriever named Clifford visits a carnival with his owner, Emily Elizabeth and her friends, Charley and Jetta, and Clifford's friends, Cleo and T-Bone. Clifford, Cleo, and T-Bone are amazed by an animal act known as Larry's Amazing Animals, consisting of Shackleford the Ferret, Dorothy the Cow, Dirk the Dachshund, and Rodrigo the Chihuahua. However, despite the animals best efforts, their show is failing due to their respective failed acts, but all remain", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7635480", "score": "1.1055121", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Clifford the Big Red Dog", "text": "project. Two months later, it was reported that the film was still in development at Universal Pictures and that David Bowers was in talks to direct the film. Like the 2011 film \"Hop\", the titular dog character will be animated while the other characters will be live-action. On August 1, 2014, Universal Pictures scheduled the film for a release on April 8, 2016. In the beginning of 2015, the film's release date was taken over by another Universal film, \"The Boss\". On June 30, 2016, it was reported by \"Deadline Hollywood\" that Paramount Pictures has picked up the rights for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5112966", "score": "1.1001146", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "PBS Kids Preschool Block", "text": "Big Red Dog\", \"Dragon Tales\" and \"It's a Big Big World\". Each day, Miss Lori and Hooper would try to solve a problem, which was related to a daily curriculum. After \"Clifford the Big Red Dog\", there was a short dance as well as a song, performed by Rebecca Frezza and Big Truck, Milkshake, or Miss Lori herself. Dash's Game of the Day aired just before Dragon Tales. Dash showed viewers how to play a game on the PBS Kids website. This was the only season to have a themed plot throughout the two hours. Season 2 premiered on September", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9199751", "score": "1.070613", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Gary LeRoi Gray", "text": "Gary LeRoi Gray Gary LeRoi Gray (born February 12, 1987) is an actor involved with movies, television, and animation. He is best known for his childhood role as Nelson Tibideaux, the son of Sondra Huxtable Tibideaux and Elvin Tibideaux on the NBC sitcom \"The Cosby Show\". He appeared on the series during its eighth and final season (1991–1992). He also is known for his role as Nelson Minkler in the Disney Channel sitcom \"Even Stevens\", the voice of A.J. in \"The Fairly OddParents\". Some of Gary's better known voice roles include Charley on \"Clifford the Big Red Dog\", A. J.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2613260", "score": "1.0681604", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "John Ritter", "text": "and an episode of \"\" (2002). John also provided the voice of the title character in the PBS animated children's show \"Clifford the Big Red Dog\", a role for which he received four Emmy nominations. His final film was \"Stanley's Dinosaur Round-Up\" (2006), an animated direct-to-DVD film based on the television series, which was released posthumously. At the time of his death he was starring in \"8 Simple Rules for Dating My Teenage Daughter\". Ritter played Claude Pichon in \"The Dinner Party\" (2000) at the Music Box Theatre on Broadway, which was written by Neil Simon. It ran for 364", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1944917", "score": "1.0515205", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "John Ritter", "text": "\"It\" (1990), \"Problem Child\" (1990), \"Problem Child 2\" (1991), and \"Bad Santa\" in 2003 (his final live action film, which was dedicated to his memory). In 2002, Don Knotts called Ritter the \"greatest physical comedian on the planet\". His final roles include voicing the title character on the PBS children's program \"Clifford the Big Red Dog\" (2000–2003), for which he received four Daytime Emmy Award nominations, and as Paul Hennessy on the ABC sitcom \"8 Simple Rules\" (2002–2003). Ritter was born at the Providence Saint Joseph Medical Center in Burbank, California, on September 17, 1948. Ritter had a birth defect", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1944909", "score": "1.0424957", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Clellan Card", "text": "who knew him well that these events led Card to focus his broadcast talents toward children. \"Axel and His Dog\" went on the air the first time on August 5, 1954. Donald Stolz, founder of the Old Log Theater, played Towser, the dog, and soon added Tallulah the cat as well. Local singer and entertainer Mary Davies played Carmen the Nurse. In October 1954, the show was the first local program in the Twin Cities to be broadcast in color, using an experimental system. In January 1959, its rating was nearly three times that of the nearest competitor, \"American Bandstand\".", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4391018", "score": "1.0384313", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Clifford's Really Big Movie", "text": "it was released by Universal Pictures. Jody Gray composed the score for the film. The soundtrack was released by Warner Bros. Records. The film grossed $3.3 million. The film received mixed reviews. On review aggregation website, Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 53% based on 32 reviews, with an average rating of 5.7/10. On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating to on reviews, the film has a score of 49 out of 100, based on 15 critics, indicating \"mixed or average reviews\". Clifford's Really Big Movie Clifford's Really Big Movie is a 2004 American animated adventure film", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7635486", "score": "1.0379462", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Clifford's Really Big Movie", "text": "Gablegobble (Judge Reinhold), the presenter of the animal show, doesn't allow animals who have owners, so they pretend their dog tags are fake. The film takes place in the fictional island of \"Birdwell Island\", which is the name is inspired by Norman Bridwell, the author of the books. This was John Ritter's final theatrical film role as he died of aortic dissection on September 11, 2003. The film was dedicated to his memory, and it serves as the series finale, as no episodes aired after the film's release, though the show's spin-off \"Clifford's Puppy Days\" continued to air before concluding", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7635479", "score": "1.0318745", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Gary LeRoi Gray", "text": "Porter Ranch. Gary LeRoi Gray Gary LeRoi Gray (born February 12, 1987) is an actor involved with movies, television, and animation. He is best known for his childhood role as Nelson Tibideaux, the son of Sondra Huxtable Tibideaux and Elvin Tibideaux on the NBC sitcom \"The Cosby Show\". He appeared on the series during its eighth and final season (1991–1992). He also is known for his role as Nelson Minkler in the Disney Channel sitcom \"Even Stevens\", the voice of A.J. in \"The Fairly OddParents\". Some of Gary's better known voice roles include Charley on \"Clifford the Big Red Dog\",", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2613263", "score": "1.0257301", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "Guantanamo Bay Naval Base" ]

[ { "title": "Lists of former Guantanamo Bay detainees alleged to have returned to terrorism", "text": "Bay detention camp is a joint military prison and interrogation camp under the leadership of Joint Task Force Guantanamo (JTF-GTMO) which has occupied a portion of the United States Navy's base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba since 2002. The prison holds people suspected by the U.S. government of being al-Qaeda and Taliban operatives, as well as those no longer considered suspects who are being held pending relocation elsewhere. As early as 2004, the US government claimed that detainees released from Guantanamo Bay detainment camp had returned to the battlefield. Initially, government spokesmen claimed relatively small numbers of former Guantanamo captives had", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10491474", "score": "1.0834405", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "The Road to Guantánamo", "text": "rights abuses at Guantanamo Bay highlighted widespread criticism of the prison and detention already made by activist organisations and politicians. Amnesty International had referred to the prison as \"the gulag of our times\". World leaders have criticised the US for maintaining the prison; German Chancellor Angela Merkel said, \"An institution like Guantánamo in its present form cannot and must not exist in the long term\". Four of the actors in the film were detained for about an hour by police at London Luton Airport after returning from the film's premiere in Berlin. Rizwan Ahmed alleged that during questioning, police asked", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7312078", "score": "1.0571489", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "text": "September 2006, the UK's Lord Chancellor, Lord Falconer, who heads the UK's legal system, went further than previous British government statements, condemning the existence of the camp as a \"shocking affront to democracy.\" Lord Falconer, who said he was expressing Government policy, made the comments in a lecture at the Supreme Court of New South Wales. According to former U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell: \"Essentially, we have shaken the belief the world had in America's justice system by keeping a place like Guantánamo open and creating things like the military commission. We don't need it and it is causing", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7371940", "score": "1.0558379", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay Naval Base", "text": "CIA would be transferred to the custody of Department of Defense, and held at Guantanamo Prison. Of approximately 500 prisoners in Guantanamo Bay, only 10 have been tried by the Guantanamo military commission, but all cases have been stayed pending the adjustments being made to comply with the U.S. Supreme Court decision in \"Hamdi v. Rumsfeld\". President Barack Obama said he intended to close the detention camp, and planned to bring detainees to the United States to stand trial by the end of his first term in office. On 22 January 2009, he issued three executive orders. Only one of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "169265", "score": "1.0435094", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "text": "there was a debate in the United States Senate over the detainees at Guantánamo Bay that ended in a draw, with Democrats urging action on the prisoners' behalf but running into stiff opposition from Republicans. Some visitors to Guantánamo have expressed more positive views on the camp. Alain Grignard, who visited Gitmo in 2006, objected to the detainees' legal status but declared that \"it is a model prison, where people are better treated than in Belgian prisons.\" Grignard, then deputy head of Brussels' federal police anti-terrorism unit, served as expert on a trip by a group of lawmakers from the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7371942", "score": "1.0345585", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "text": "governments. On 20 January 2015, during the 2015 State of the Union address, Obama stated Guantánamo Bay \"is not who we are\" and that it was \"time to close Gitmo\". A little less than a week later, \"The Huffington Post\" published an article by Tom Hayden arguing Guantánamo Bay would be best closed by returning the base to Cuban sovereignty, arguing it is \"where [Guantánamo Bay] belongs historically.\" On 4 November 2015, Barack Obama stated that he was preparing to unveil a plan to shutter the facility and move some of the terrorism suspects held there to US soil. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7371966", "score": "1.0301211", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Guantánamo: America's War on Human Rights", "text": "Guantánamo: America's War on Human Rights Guantánamo: America's War on Human Rights is a 2004 book by British investigative journalist and author David Rose. The book examines the detention of prisoners at the military prison in American-occupied Guantánamo Bay, Cuba. The author visits the camp and speaks to guards, officials and medical staff as well as released prisoners. The book reveals serious violations of human rights, including physical brutality, isolation and harassment. In \"The New Zealand Herald\" John Freeman reviewed the book positively, writing 'Rose does a good job of making this faraway legal black hole come to life.' Amnesty", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18777227", "score": "1.0296688", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Camp Delta (Guantanamo Bay)", "text": "Halliburton, was modeled on US Federal medium-security penitentiaries. It was constructed to have individual cells that surrounded and looked in on a communal mess area, where it was planned compliant detainees could interact for part of the day. However, while the building was still under construction, the decision was made to confine all detainees to their cells, except when they were taken to shower, taken for solitary exercise, or for official business. The communal areas were left unused. This transformed the facility to a high-security facility. In April 2010 \"The Guardian\" published a photo essay that showed that a TV", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4566431", "score": "1.0290595", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "text": "US. At the end of December 2013, President Obama stated he has not given up the idea of trying terror suspects housed at Guantanamo Bay in United States courts. \"The executive branch must have the authority to determine when and where to prosecute Guantanamo detainees, based on the facts and circumstances of each case and our national security interests,\" Obama wrote in a signing statement attached to a new defense authorization bill called the National Defense Authorization Act for fiscal 2014 which relaxed restrictions on transferring detainees from the U.S. prison at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, to the custody of foreign", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7371965", "score": "1.0252973", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "text": "The Guantanamo Bay detention camp is a United States military prison located within Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, also referred to as Guantánamo or GTMO (/ˈɡɪtmoʊ/), which is on the coast of Guantánamo Bay in Cuba. Since the inmates have been detained indefinitely without trial and several detainees have alleged torture, the operations of this camp are considered to be a major breach of human rights by Amnesty International.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Legal issues related to the September 11 attacks", "text": "Guantánamo Bay. The detainment areas consist of three camps: Camp Delta (which includes Camp Echo), Camp Iguana, and Camp X-Ray, the last of which has been closed. The facility is often referred to as Guantanamo, or Gitmo. After the Justice Department advised that the Guantanamo Bay Detention Camp could be considered outside U.S. legal jurisdiction, prisoners captured in Afghanistan were moved there beginning in early 2002. After the Bush administration asserted that detainees were not entitled to any of the protections of the Geneva Conventions, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in \"Hamdan v. Rumsfeld\" on June 29, 2006, that they", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14261250", "score": "1.0250273", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "text": "Press. He characterized the Guantanamo as \"our nation's most notorious prison – a prison that should never have been opened\", and provided a brief summary of its history and significance: During his 2008 presidential campaign, Barack Obama described Guantánamo as a \"sad chapter in American history\" and promised to close down the prison in 2009. After being elected, Obama reiterated his campaign promise on \"60 Minutes\" and the ABC program \"This Week\". On 22 January 2009, Obama stated that he ordered the government to suspend prosecutions of Guantánamo Bay detainees for 120 days to review all the detainees' cases to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7371949", "score": "1.02478", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Bill Frist", "text": "told reporters that he was less concerned about possible torture at CIA secret prisons than he was about potentially compromising the security of millions of Americans. Flying home after visiting the Guantanamo Bay detention center he said September 10, 2006 he expects bipartisan support for putting top captured al-Qaeda figures on trial before military commissions and for guidelines on how they should be treated. Frist visited the detention center in eastern Cuba, which holds some 460 detainees, including 14 top alleged al-Qaida figures recently transferred from CIA custody. He stated that his visit with fellow Republicans Sen. Mitch McConnell of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1394174", "score": "1.0221834", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Guantánamo: America's War on Human Rights", "text": "International listed the book as a useful resource. Guantánamo: America's War on Human Rights Guantánamo: America's War on Human Rights is a 2004 book by British investigative journalist and author David Rose. The book examines the detention of prisoners at the military prison in American-occupied Guantánamo Bay, Cuba. The author visits the camp and speaks to guards, officials and medical staff as well as released prisoners. The book reveals serious violations of human rights, including physical brutality, isolation and harassment. In \"The New Zealand Herald\" John Freeman reviewed the book positively, writing 'Rose does a good job of making this", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18777228", "score": "1.0215267", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "text": "the Guantánamo Bay prison as \"the gulag of our times,\" breaking an internal AI policy on not comparing different human rights abuses. The report reflected ongoing claims of prisoner abuse at Guantánamo and other military prisons. The comparison between the Gulag and Guantanamo Bay has been criticized by a number of people, including John Podhoretz, who on the difference between Guantanamo and a Soviet gulag, said, \"Maybe the people who work at Amnesty International really do think that the imprisonment of 600 certain or suspected terrorists is tantamount to the imprisonment of 25 million slaves.\" Former Soviet-era \"gulag\" prisoner, Pavel", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7371946", "score": "1.0214479", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Kelly Ayotte", "text": "closure of the prison and ban any transfer of detainees to the United States. Ayotte criticized the August 2015 transfer of 15 prisoners from the Guantanamo Bay detention camp to the United Arab Emirates (UAE), saying that she believed the released prisoners had dangerous ties to terrorism and would return to terrorist activity. She said that the Pentagon told her in 2015 that 93 percent of the detainees in Guantanamo Bay were considered \"high risk\" for returning to terrorist activities. Ayotte authored and released an unclassified report that summarized information about the 107 original detainees at Guantanamo Bay, including the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8551510", "score": "1.0187991", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "text": "indicated the US military was preparing for long-term operations at Guantánamo, but they were denied by Army Lt. Col. Todd Breasseale, a spokesman for the Guantánamo military commissions. He said the communications upgrade project is meant to serve the Guantanamo naval station rather than the detention camp, which Washington still \"has plans\" to close. On 3 July 2012, ABC News reported setbacks in Congress, as well as a need to focus on a stagnant economy in the United States, had made the issue of closing the detention camp a lesser priority. The channel also asked Obama if he planned on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7371962", "score": "1.0172282", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "text": "\"not a definition anyone on the planet is using.\" There has also been significant criticism from Arab leaders: on 6 May 2005, prominent Kuwaiti parliamentarian Waleed Al Tabtabaie demanded that U.S. President Bush \"uncover what is going on inside Guantánamo,\" allow family visits to the hundreds of Muslim detainees there, and allow an independent investigation of detention conditions. In May 2006, the Attorney General for England and Wales Lord Goldsmith said the camp's existence was \"unacceptable\" and tarnished the U.S. traditions of liberty and justice. \"The historic tradition of the United States as a beacon of freedom, liberty and of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7371938", "score": "1.0165642", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "text": "Bay: \"An institution like Guantánamo, in its present form, cannot and must not exist in the long term. We must find different ways of dealing with prisoners. As far as I'm concerned, there's no question about that,\" she declared in a 9 January interview to \"Der Spiegel\". Meanwhile, in the UK, Peter Hain, the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, stated during a live broadcast of \"Question Time\" (16 February 2006) that: \"I would prefer that it wasn't there and I would prefer it was closed.\" His cabinet colleague and Former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Tony Blair, declared", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7371936", "score": "1.0162103", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "text": "military commissions, as authorized by the Military Commissions Act of 2006. It was named by Sgt Neil Felver of the 122 Civil Engineering Squadron in a contest. Initially the complex was to be a permanent facility, costing over $100 million. The United States Congress overruled the Bush Presidency's plans. The camp was redesigned as a portable, temporary facility, costing approximately $10 million. On 2 January 2008, the \"Toronto Star\" reporter Michelle Shephard offered an account of the security precautions that reporters go through before they can attend the hearings: On 1 November 2008, David McFadden of the Associated Press stated", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7371913", "score": "1.0119416", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "text": "particularly opposed moving prisoners to facilities in the United States for detention or trial. In April 2011, WikiLeaks began publishing 779 secret files relating to prisoners in the Guantanamo Bay detention camp. On 4 November 2015, President Barack Obama stated that he was preparing to unveil a plan to close the facility and move some of the terrorism suspects held there to U.S. soil. The plan would propose one or more prisons from a working list that includes facilities in Kansas, Colorado and South Carolina. Two others that were on the list, in California and Washington state, do not appear", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7371832", "score": "1.0113249", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Jonathan Hafetz", "text": "Confronting America's New Global Detention System\" (NYU Press 2011). He is the editor of \"Obama's Guantanamo: Stories from an Enduring Prison\" (NYU Press 2016) and the co-editor of \"The Guantanamo Lawyers: Inside a Prison Outside the Law\" (NYU Press 2010). On June 20, 2008 the \"Associated Press\" reported that the Government wanted to \"rewrite detainee evidence\". The impetus to rewrite the evidence is a reaction to the Supreme Court's June 12, 2008 ruling on Boumediene v. Bush. The Supreme Court had ruled that Guantanamo captives were entitled to challenge the basis for their detention through the US Justice System, because", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12115660", "score": "1.0085329", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "The Least Worst Place", "text": "The Least Worst Place The Least Worst Place: How Guantanamo Became the World's Most Notorious Prison is a book about the first several months of the operation of the Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba. The book's author, Karen J. Greenberg is Director of the Center on National Security at Fordham University's School of Law, and the author or co-author of several books on the George W. Bush Presidency's captive policies. The book tracks the camps' opening, the confusion as to whether the captives were to be treated according to the Geneva Conventions. Brigadier General Michael Lehnert, the commander of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13181180", "score": "1.0084503", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "text": "Mail privileges of Guantanamo Bay detainees). \"The New York Times\" and other newspapers are critical of the camp; columnist Thomas Friedman urged George W. Bush to \"just shut it down\", calling Camp Delta \"... worse than an embarrassment.\" Another \"New York Times\" editorial supported Friedman's proposal, arguing that Guantánamo is part of \"... a chain of shadowy detention camps that includes Abu Ghraib in Iraq, the military prison at Bagram Air Base in Afghanistan and other secret locations run by the intelligence agencies\" that are \"part of a tightly linked global detention system with no accountability in law.\" In November", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7371933", "score": "1.0079514", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Jed S. Rakoff", "text": "that had long shrouded the U.S. prison at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, the Pentagon released thousands of pages of documents Friday containing names and other details for hundreds of detainees scooped up after the Sept. 11 attacks. The records provide the most comprehensive view to date of the Guantanamo prison population, as well as an exhaustive catalog of the U.S. government's charges against detainees who — in page after page of tribunal proceeding transcripts — protest their treatment and proclaim their innocence.\" After the Department of Defense complied with most of Rakoff's order, the Bush administration appealed the remainder of Rakoff's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6996697", "score": "1.0077935", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "text": "as black sites. These people include Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, believed to be the No. 3 Al-Qaeda leader before he was captured in Pakistan in 2003; Ramzi bin al-Shibh, an alleged would-be 11 September 2001 hijacker; and Abu Zubaydah, who was believed to be a link between Osama bin Laden and many Al-Qaeda cells, who were captured in Pakistan in March 2002. Zubaydah has since been found to be a low-level participant of little value. None of the 14 top figures transferred to Guantánamo from CIA custody had been charged with any war crime. In 2011, human rights groups and journalists", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7371842", "score": "1.0070012", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "text": "consisted of Camp Delta including Camp Echo, Camp Iguana, and Camp X-Ray, which is now closed. After Bush political appointees at the U.S. Office of Legal Counsel, Department of Justice advised the Bush administration that the Guantanamo Bay detention camp could be considered outside U.S. legal jurisdiction, military guards took the first twenty detainees to Camp X-Ray on 11 January 2002. The Bush administration asserted that detainees were not entitled to any of the protections of the Geneva Conventions. Ensuing U.S. Supreme Court decisions since 2004 have determined otherwise and that the courts have jurisdiction: it ruled in \"Hamdan v.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7371827", "score": "1.005887", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "text": "an interview with CNN's Wolf Blitzer in June 2005, Vice President Dick Cheney defended the treatment of prisoners at Guantánamo: There isn't any other nation in the world that would treat people who were determined to kill Americans the way we're treating these people. They're living in the tropics. They're well fed. They've got everything they could possibly want. The United States government, through the State Department, makes periodic reports to the United Nations Committee Against Torture. In October 2005, the report covered pretrial detention of suspects in the \"War on Terrorism\", including those held in Guantánamo Bay. This Periodic", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7371872", "score": "1.0040066", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay detention camp", "text": "detainees, if Guantanamo was closed. Obama's plan was rejected by several Republicans in Congress. On 15 August 2016, President Obama transferred another 15 prisoners from the prison. This was the largest single day transfer since President Obama took office in 2009. The inmates, 12 Yemeni nationals and 3 Afghans, were transferred to the United Arab Emirates. This brought the total number of prisoners down to 61 with 20 more cleared for transfer. Obama did not close the prison before leaving office but was able to further reduce the population to 41. President Donald Trump has vowed to keep the prison", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7371969", "score": "1.000648", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Guantanamo Bay attorneys", "text": "Guantanamo Bay attorneys The Center for Constitutional Rights has coordinated efforts by American lawyers to handle the habeas corpus, and other legal appeals, of several hundred of the Guantanamo detainees. Only American lawyers have been allowed to visit detainees at the Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba. They have to go through security screening first. And they must agree that they can't speak from the notes they took during their meetings with their clients until they have been cleared for release. However, an Army investigation found these charges unfounded. US Department of Defense spokesmen state “It is our policy to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9659664", "score": "0.9996861", "original_retrieval_index": 32 } ]

[ "Steve Hale", "Steven \"Steve\" Hale", "rich kid Nelson", "Viper" ]

[ { "title": "Disc jockey", "text": "the audience; effects units such as reverb to create sound effects; and electronic musical instruments such as drum machines and synthesizers. The title \"DJ\" is also commonly used by DJs in front of their real names or adopted pseudonyms or stage names as a title to denote their profession (e.g., DJ Jazzy Jeff, DJ Q-bert, DJ Shadow and DJ Yoda). Some DJs focus on creating a good mix of songs for the club dancers or radio audience. Other DJs use turntablism techniques such as \"scratching\", in which the DJ or turntablist manipulates the record player turntable to create new rhythms", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "109573", "score": "0.90331995", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Boyfriend (rapper)", "text": "phrase.\" She has said that she uses rap as social commentary, and as a way to start conversations about art and identity. She chose the stage name Boyfriend both because she wanted a name that evoked a feeling from everyone that heard it, and because she felt the overuse of the term among her friends was unintentionally oppressive. Boyfriend can easily be identified by her signature large glasses, vintage lingerie, and a head full of curlers during most performances and appearances. It is not uncommon to spot fans at her rap cabaret shows dressed as Boyfriend. In January 2015, Boyfriend", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19369419", "score": "0.87200844", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Drop (music)", "text": "pre-recorded statement of the DJ's stage name (e.g., DJ Qbert) which is played in between songs to make dancers aware of her or his stage name. Name drops range in complexity from a simple statement like \"This is DJ Xshosa\" to a sophisticated recording with the vocals processed by effects such as digital delay, pitch-shifting the voice down an octave, and done over background beats, scratching and samples from music or catchphrases from movies. Drop (music) A drop in popular music, especially electronic dance music styles, is a point in a music track where a sudden change of rhythm or", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5802240", "score": "0.8419901", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Fucking Boyfriend", "text": "Fucking Boyfriend \"Fucking Boyfriend\" is the name of a song by American duo The Bird and the Bee. The single, which topped the U.S. Hot Dance Club Play chart in December 2006, is featured on the acts' 2006 EP \"Again and Again and Again and Again\" and their 2007 full-length CD \"The Bird and the Bee\". The EP version was remixed by Canadian Electronica artist/DJ Peaches, while the CD Maxi releases were remixed by Ralphi Rosario & Jody den Broeder. Reviewer Jon Young of \"Mother Jones\" cited \"Fucking Boyfriend\" as an example of how The Bird and the Bee \"have", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12062400", "score": "0.8365541", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "DJ (Jamelia song)", "text": "DJ (Jamelia song) \"DJ\" is the fifth and final single from Jamelia's second album \"Thank You\" and was also released a double a-side with the Sam Brown song \"Stop\". \"DJ\" is a song written by SoulShock, Kenneth Karlin, P. White, Alex Cantrall and O. Longott, first recorded by Melodi Brown, although they never released the song or indeed any material The song was also recorded by Samantha Mumba and later by Jamelia, however only Jamelia's version was commercially released. It was produced by Soulshock and Kenneth Karlin. \"DJ\" takes its main tune from Raymond Guiot's \"Primitive Spirit\" \"DJ\" was released", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9846973", "score": "0.8194701", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "DJP (DJ)", "text": "one of the city's top Hip-Hop DJ by City Life Magazine. In 2007, DJP signed a two-year contract with the Palms Casino playing its Club Moon, Ghost Bar and Playboy Club. During that time he was also inducted into the American Hip Hop group Rock Steady Crew and collaborated with breakdance pioneer Mr. Freeze. He toured the U.S. with DJ Jazzy Jeff and Gangstarr's DJ Premier as part of a tour sponsored by Toyota’s Scion car company. In 2011, DJP appeared as a contestant on the second season of the BET reality show \"Master of the Mix\" sponsored by Smirnoff", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16690276", "score": "0.8160232", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "DJ Day", "text": "DJ Day Damien Beebe, known professionally as DJ Day is a DJ, producer and musician from Palm Springs, California. He formed the Innernational Crew with DJ Rip One in 1995, and had subsequent appearances with Innernational on Return of the DJ III & Laid in Full. He has worked with Stones Throw recording artist Aloe Blacc and Clutchy Hopkins, as well as remixes for Quantic, Alice Russell, People Under The Stairs and more. He has shared the stage with artists from Amy Winehouse to Eminem in a career spanning the last decade and a half, as well as frequently touring", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6053934", "score": "0.81495816", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "8tracks.com", "text": "since been discontinued. DJs can share mixes via Google+ and Facebook. Each DJ has a profile which can be accessed by clicking on their name or avatar. This page displays the users basic information such as their location, a short bio that they can add, their Twitter handle, or any other website related to them that they would like to have featured. In addition, one can see all the mixes they've published, how many users follow them, and how many people they follow. To add a DJs mixes to your feed, you can follow the DJ. Every time a DJ", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15934740", "score": "0.8137889", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Disc jockey", "text": "seamlessly transitioning from one song to another is beatmatching. A DJ who mostly plays and mixes one specific music genre is often given the title of that genre; for example, a DJ who plays hip hop music is called a hip hop DJ, a DJ who plays house music is a house DJ, a DJ who plays techno is called a techno DJ, and so on. The quality of a DJ performance (often called a DJ mix or DJ set) consists of two main features: technical skills, or how well can DJ operate the equipment and produce smooth transitions between", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "109576", "score": "0.81336033", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "List of Full House and Fuller House characters", "text": "She has her first serious relationship with Steve Hale (who was first introduced in the season five episode \"Sisters in Crime\"), who later becomes a real fixture in her life (and a regular character beginning in season six) when their characters return from a summer abroad in Spain. Their relationship lasts until they break up in the season seven episode \"Love on the Rocks,\" when they realize that the passion in their relationship is gone, but they agree to remain friends. D.J. has on-and-off relationships (during the show's final season) with guitarist Viper (a member of Jesse's new band Hot Daddy and the Monkey Puppets) and rich kid Nelson, but both relationships do not last (the two end up vying for D.J.'s affections in the season eight episode \"D.J.'s Choice,\" only for D.J. to reject them both after their fighting gets to be too much for her to bear). ", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Boyfriend (rapper)", "text": "Francisco, CA of which tickets were sold exclusively on Airbnb's Experiences platform. She was bashed on her social media accounts by critics of the home-sharing app who felt her decision supported gentrification and home displacement. Boyfriend (rapper) Suzannah Powell (born August 16, 1988) is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, producer, and performance artist, best known by her stage name Boyfriend. Raised in Nashville, she found her persona upon moving to New Orleans. Boyfriend coined the term “rap-cabaret,” a nod to the emphasis on performance in her music. Formerly known as Flannery Mitchell, she identifies only as Boyfriend but was born", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19369427", "score": "0.8130914", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Boyfriend (rapper)", "text": "Boyfriend (rapper) Suzannah Powell (born August 16, 1988) is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, producer, and performance artist, best known by her stage name Boyfriend. Raised in Nashville, she found her persona upon moving to New Orleans. Boyfriend coined the term “rap-cabaret,” a nod to the emphasis on performance in her music. Formerly known as Flannery Mitchell, she identifies only as Boyfriend but was born Suzannah Powell, daughter of Award winning Country songwriter and producer Monty Powell. Boyfriend grew up in Nashville, Tennessee. She was raised in the Church of Christ, and attended parochial school from kindergarten through her sophomore", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19369416", "score": "0.8085444", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "DJ (David Bowie song)", "text": "DJ (David Bowie song) \"DJ\" is a song by David Bowie, released on the 1979 album \"Lodger\", and then as a single on 29 June 1979. A cynical comment on the cult of the DJ, the track is noted for Adrian Belew's guitar solo, which was recorded in multiple takes, and then mixed back together for the album track. In a biography of Talking Heads, it is said this song was an attempt by Bowie to sing like David Byrne, who was befriending Brian Eno at the time. The single was an edited version, but was still possibly too uncommercial", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6639888", "score": "0.8048349", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "DJ Bobcat", "text": "King T, Threat, Candyman & Conscious Daughters. The song “Where Are They Now? - West Coast Remix” was a smash and was embraced by Nas and the entire Hip Hop Community. Core DJ's is one of the world's largest DJ Coalitions having members all throughout the United States and the World. The organization has Commercial Level DJs at Top 40 and Urban Radio & Night Clubs all around the US and abroad. In 2005 DJ was approached by close friend and Music Producer Rhythm D and asked to become a member. Core DJs CEO Tony Neal and DJ Rip later", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16635954", "score": "0.80399", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "This Spartan Life", "text": "authorization. The show's DJ, DJ Octobit, is named in a reference to the 8-bit music he plays in the show. He creates the music for the show on his DJ console, which looks like a strange round pedestal. He never speaks, yet he has defended Damian on several occasions. In the first episode he is referred to as Doctor Octobit, but later his name was changed to DJ Octobit. The show featured a co-host under the tag of d4rk5had0w other-wise known as K. He played a small role in the mini-series as a stand-up comedy Spartan but later left the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7261850", "score": "0.8023799", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Amber D", "text": "Harder House), and DirtyByDeisgn (Deep House / Tech House). Amber is one of the most versatile DJ's, playing everything from Old Skool 90's Dance, House, Tech House, Electro, Jackin' House under her guise Amber D'Amour. Under her Amber D guise, she mainly plays Hard House, Hard Dance, Hard Trance and Hardstyle and Shranz alongside DJ Ash Preston as the \"Shranz Project\" depending on the gig. She trained as a classical pianist and has a BTEC National Diploma in Music Technology. She got married to Lee Haslam, another DJ, in August 2008, but they since divorced. Amber D Amber D (born", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14683149", "score": "0.8016889", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "DJ Chus", "text": "on garage house tracks. DJ Chus DJ Chus (born Jesús López Esteban, 1971, Madrid, Spain) is an electronic music producer, remixer and DJ. He works mainly on house music. Chus began DJing at the age of 16. In 1994, he opened Teatro Kapital, and was also one of the residents in Algarve's Kadoc disco. After years of producing house and trance music under a variety of names, DJ Chus, along with fellow DJ and producer Pablo Ceballos and manager Carlos Caliço, founded the Stereo Productions record label in 2001. DJ Chus usually collaborates with Pablo Ceballos on progressive house releases,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7991908", "score": "0.79872555", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "DJ Bally", "text": "DJ Bally Bobai Balat (born 4 October 1988), better known by his stage name Bally B., is a Nigerian disc jockey, record producer, voiceover artist and reality television personality. He garnered popularity as one of the housemates of the Big Brother Naija 2017 reality game show; a localised franchise of the Dutch game show. Among other jobs, he has worked as a school teacher in Lagos as well as a Statistician for the Federal Government. He is a baritone, known as Baritone Bally in the show. In 2015, Balat created an Afro infused electronic bootleg remix to Rihanna's hit song", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20159841", "score": "0.7968366", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "DJ DNA", "text": "album was released 21 September 2012 and features Kurtis Blow. The first single \"The Sum of the Sound\" was released June 2012. The second single \"I wanna B (funky)\" was released September 2012. There are other recording artists using the name DJ DNA. No legal action has been taken yet. Urban Dance Squad Defunkt Stuurbaard Bakkebaard Solo project DJ DNA Arjen de Vreede (born 26 April 1962), known by his stage name DJ DNA, is a Dutch DJ and producer. At age seventeen, he started as a DJ, and became a pioneer in the Dutch music scene playing hiphop, house,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16580086", "score": "0.7939575", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "DJ Chus", "text": "DJ Chus DJ Chus (born Jesús López Esteban, 1971, Madrid, Spain) is an electronic music producer, remixer and DJ. He works mainly on house music. Chus began DJing at the age of 16. In 1994, he opened Teatro Kapital, and was also one of the residents in Algarve's Kadoc disco. After years of producing house and trance music under a variety of names, DJ Chus, along with fellow DJ and producer Pablo Ceballos and manager Carlos Caliço, founded the Stereo Productions record label in 2001. DJ Chus usually collaborates with Pablo Ceballos on progressive house releases, and with David Penn", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7991907", "score": "0.7897282", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Ghost Town DJ's", "text": "the 1980s. Taking his inspiration from them, Terry chose the name, \"Ghost Town DJ's\", which implies the term \"ghost town\" meaning to be heard and not seen. It is the reason why the group's members are never seen, but are enjoying the group's music. A matter of contention has been the misspelling of the name Ghostown DJ's with one T vs Ghost Town DJs which the group has been trying to correct for the past 22 years. Ghost Town DJ's Ghost Town DJ's (often stylized as Ghostown DJs) is an American hip-hop group from Atlanta, Georgia whose members consist of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6241642", "score": "0.7887565", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "DJ Boy", "text": "DJ Boy DJ Boy (DJボーイ) is a 1989 beat 'em up arcade game developed by Kaneko. It was published in Japan by Kaneko and in North America by Sammy. \"DJ Boy\", also known as \"DJ Kid\", was designed as a standard side-scrolling beat'em up game partially based on the hip hop culture of the U.S. cities. What made the game unique at the time was the fact that many of the characters rode around on roller skates rather than walking or running. The premise of the home console game: A young man named Donald J. Boy (DJ Boy) is a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6904976", "score": "0.7884523", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "DJ Jazzy Jeff", "text": "I wouldn't be the one dancing, I was sat where the DJ was set up, watching him. Even when I would go to other block parties in other neighborhoods I was still infatuated with the DJ. He was the guy that played music that everyone in the neighborhood loved. You might not have known his face, you might not have known his name but he was the guy that made everyone move.\" He took the stage name DJ Jazzy Jeff and was one half of the duo DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince along with Will Smith. The group", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2808152", "score": "0.7864193", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Heikki L", "text": "together with DJs like Erick Morillo, Axwell, Sebastian Ingrosso etc. Heikki L Heikki L, real name Heikki Liimatainen, is a house music producer, DJ and remixer from Finland. Heikki Liimatainen has released a lot of music under different aliases like Heikki L, Supermodels From Paris, Syndicate of Beats, Dallas Superstars, Modulation, Moovon, Spectro, Hemohes and Bostik. Heikki L is his current alias and under that name he has produced many big house tracks and also remixed many artists. Heikki has his own studio in Helsinki and also runs Finland's biggest House Club, Danceteria with his partner Mr A (Antti Eho).", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15503525", "score": "0.78552246", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Boyfriend (rapper)", "text": "Boyfriend for the first time opening for bounce artist Vockah Redu at a New Orleans club. \"Gambit\" wrote that Boyfriend has a “stage show that is as much cone-bra, arena-sized Madonna as it is an intimate, hilariously profane psychosexual bedroom drama.” 2014-2016 Working with the New Orleans-based production team/party duo Sex Party, she released a series of songs about love through her \"Love Your Boyfriend\" project. Two EPs, \"Love Your Boyfriend Part 1\" and \"Love Your Boyfriend Part 2\" were released in late 2014. \"Love Your Boyfriend Part 3\" was scheduled to be released in 2016. In addition to touring", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19369421", "score": "0.784796", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "DB Burkeman", "text": "DB Burkeman DB Burkeman (also known as DJ DB) is a British jungle/drum and bass DJ who moved from London to New York in 1989. He was an early pioneer in rave culture in the U.S. Also, he was partly responsible for bringing drum and bass to America. He was the co-founder of Breakbeat Science recordings & store, the first record store in the United States to specialize in drum and bass. DB Burkeman was born David Burkeman in London, UK. He first used the name DB when he began DJ-ing by the name DJ DB in London in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14644310", "score": "0.7830192", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "The DJ Kat Show", "text": "eat junk from the trash cans. His favorite dish was a jar of peas and carrots mashed together and his favorite drink was milk in a dirty glass. In the intro of the show DJ Kat would say the following line: \"\"This is the DJ Kat show and I am DJ Kat...that's my name. It's a D and a J and a Kat with a K.\"\" The reason it is spelled with a \"K\" is because the Dutch spell \"cat\" with a \"k\" and Linda de Mol is Dutch. DJ Kat was originally performed by puppeteer Robert 'Robbie' Hahn. DJ", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8084288", "score": "0.7823119", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Ghost Town DJ's", "text": "Ghost Town DJ's Ghost Town DJ's (often stylized as Ghostown DJs) is an American hip-hop group from Atlanta, Georgia whose members consist of DJ Demp, Rodney Terry, Greg Street and Kito, which recorded the 1996 hit single, \"My Boo\". The song was influenced by Miami bass and was a big hit on Miami's Y100 and Power 96. In early 2016, the song became a viral meme called the \"Running Man Challenge\", which first emerged on Vine. Rodney Terry founded the group, inspired by the Miami bass genre that was popular during the 1980s. Originally, an artist named Akema Johnson-Day was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6241640", "score": "0.7815727", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "DJ Mag", "text": "DJ Mag DJ Magazine (also known as DJ Mag) is a British monthly magazine dedicated to electronic dance music and DJs. Founded in 1991, the magazine is adapted for distribution in the United Kingdom, United States, Spain, France, Italy, Latin America, China, South Korea, Indonesia and Netherlands. An earlier version of the magazine appeared towards the end of the 1980s when it was then known as \"Disc Jockey Magazine\" the name was then changed to \"Jocks Magazine\" however this name was quickly dropped and the publication underwent re-branding. After this process the first issue of DJ Magazine or DJ Mag", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5741158", "score": "0.7810662", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "DJ Official", "text": "DJ Official Nelson J. Chu (September 16, 1976 – August 14, 2016), known professionally as DJ Official, was an American Christian hip hop musician. He was a member of the Christian hip hop collective 116 Clique. DJ Official was born Nelson J. Chu, in The Bronx, on September 16, 1976. He lived in Brooklyn during his childhood and later in Amityville, Long Island. DJ Official was married to Teresa Chu (née, Belvisi), and together they had two daughters, Isabella and Sophia. They resided together in Lancaster, OH. He had a long-term battle with several health problems, until Chu died of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18586484", "score": "0.7808579", "original_retrieval_index": 28 } ]

[ "Kerris Lilla Dorsey" ]

[ { "title": "Brad Pitt", "text": "In a performance that attracted strong praise, he portrayed the Oakland Athletics general manager Billy Beane in the drama \"Moneyball\", which is based on the 2003 book of the same name written by Michael Lewis. \"Moneyball\" received six Academy Award nominations including Best Picture and Best Actor for Pitt. His next role was as mob hitman Jackie Cogan in Andrew Dominik's 2012 \"Killing Them Softly\", based on the novel \"Cogan's Trade\" by George V. Higgins. In 2013, Pitt starred in \"World War Z\", a thriller about a zombie apocalypse, based on Max Brooks' novel of the same name. Pitt also", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "554679", "score": "1.2176311", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Billy Beane", "text": "him to be successful despite his financial constraints. The book and Beane's methods have influenced the way many think about the game of baseball, including other teams and players. Brad Pitt played the role of Beane in the 2011 film \"Moneyball\". Pitt was nominated for the 2012 Academy Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role for his performance. Twice married, Beane has a daughter Casey from his first marriage and twins Brayden and Tinsley from his current marriage. He attended the University of California, San Diego during the baseball offseasons of his playing career. Billy Beane William Lamar Beane", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2101773", "score": "1.1637506", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Erin Pitt", "text": "Erin Pitt Erin Michelle Pitt (born September 22, 1999) is a Canadian actress, known for her trio of roles in the horror film \"\", where she played Dark Alessa, Alessa Gillespie, and the younger Sharon DaSilva. Pitt's first leading role was in the 2013 film \"Against the Wild\" as Hanna Wade. She also played the title role in the 2014 made-for-television film \"\". Pitt is a voice actress and is known for her roles in the television series \"The 99\" as Samda the Invulnerable and Evie in the television series \"Mike the Knight\". Pitt was born in Hamilton, Ontario, one", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17156963", "score": "1.0669519", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Michelle Williams (actress)", "text": "the wife of Barnum (played by Hugh Jackman). She compared her character's joyful disposition to that of Grace Kelly, and she sang two songs for the film's . The film emerged as one of her most successful, earning over $434 million worldwide. Williams then took on her first leading film role since 2013 in Ridley Scott's crime thriller \"All the Money in the World\". She starred as Gail Harris, whose son, John Paul Getty III, is abducted for ransom. She considered it a major opportunity, as she had not headlined a big-budget film before. A month before the film's release,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3578240", "score": "1.0553015", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Brad Pitt filmography", "text": "biopic sports drama \"Moneyball\"—both of which were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture. He also garnered a Best Actor nomination for the latter. His biggest commercial success came with the apocalyptic film \"World War Z\" (2013), which has grossed a total of $540 million worldwide. Pitt produced the period drama \"12 Years a Slave\" (2013), for which he won the Academy Award for Best Picture. In 2014, he starred in the war film \"Fury\" which received positive reviews from critics and proved to be successful at the box office. Brad Pitt filmography Brad Pitt is an American actor", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16539592", "score": "1.0369127", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Stephanie Kurtzuba", "text": "\"Annie\". Her performance was praised in the \"Los Angeles Times\" and \"Variety\". She is featured on the song \"I Think I'm Gonna Like It Here\" on the \"Annie\" soundtrack album. In \"The Wolf of Wall Street\", directed by Martin Scorsese, she played Kimmie Belzer, a single mom hired by Jordan Belfort (Leonardo DiCaprio) and the only female stockbroker at the company. In the upcoming Scorsese Netflix film \"The Irishman\", starring Al Pacino and Robert De Niro, she portrays Irene, the wife of De Niro's character. She also appeared in \"Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close\" and \"Away We Go\" opposite John", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20686895", "score": "1.0244377", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Steven Soderbergh", "text": "feature adaptation of the baseball book \"Moneyball\", starring Brad Pitt and Demetri Martin. The book, by Michael Lewis, tells of how Billy Beane, general manager of Oakland Athletics, used statistical analysis to make up for what he lacked in funds to beat the odds and lead his team to a series of notable wins in 2002. Disagreements between Sony and Soderbergh about revisions to Steven Zaillian's version of the screenplay led to Soderbergh's dismissal from the project only days prior to filming in June 2009. In 2010, Soderbergh shot the action-thriller \"Haywire\", starring Gina Carano, Ewan McGregor, Michael Fassbender, and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "362576", "score": "1.0242796", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Lisa Guerrero", "text": "strong accolades and various awards, including The Austin Film Festival Audience Award for Best Family Film, The Heartland Film Festival Family Movie Event Selection, The International Family Film Festival Best Film, The Parents Television Council Seal of Approval, The Dove Foundation Seal of Approval and a rave review from The Daily Variety. Guerrero continues to act and was seen in a brief cameo in the Brad Pitt film, \"Moneyball\", as well as a recurring role in TNT's \"Southland\". Guerrero also co-hosted VH1's game show \"The World Series of Pop Culture\". In 2010, Guerrero hosted the first live webcast of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1914183", "score": "1.0105182", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Rachael Horovitz", "text": "into development via Specialty Films was Michael Lewis’ best-selling book \"Moneyball\", which she set up at Sony Pictures in 2004. The film was directed by Bennett Miller in 2010 and was released in September 2011, starring Brad Pitt. Active in New York City and its causes throughout her working life, Horovitz has served for many years on the Board of Directors of the Ghetto Film School, through which she helped found in 2009 The Cinema School, the country’s first public high school specializing in film. In 2012, Horovitz received an award from the Athena Film Festival at Barnard College in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15686384", "score": "1.0097152", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Kerris Dorsey", "text": "Kerris Lilla Dorsey (born January 9, 1998) is an American actress and singer. She is known for her roles as Paige Whedon in the television series Brothers & Sisters, Casey Beane, Billy Beane's (Brad Pitt) daughter, in the 2011 film Moneyball, and as Emily Cooper in the 2014 film Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day. Dorsey plays Bridget Donovan, the daughter of the title character, in the television series Ray Donovan.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Erin Pitt", "text": "triple roles of Alessa Gillespie, Dark Alessa, and the younger Sharon DaSilva. Pitt appeared on the cover of \"Fangoria\" magazine that year as Dark Alessa. She then had the major starring role Hannah Wade in \"Against the Wild\", released in 2014. In 2014 Pitt starred as Isabelle in the Universal Picture direct-to-DVD production \"\". She also had the voice role of Evie in the animated series \"Mike the Knight\". Erin Pitt Erin Michelle Pitt (born September 22, 1999) is a Canadian actress, known for her trio of roles in the horror film \"\", where she played Dark Alessa, Alessa Gillespie,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17156965", "score": "0.9982602", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Moneyball (film)", "text": "Moneyball (film) Moneyball is a 2011 American sports film directed by Bennett Miller and written by Steven Zaillian and Aaron Sorkin. The film is based on Michael Lewis's 2003 nonfiction book of the same name, an account of the Oakland Athletics baseball team's 2002 season and their general manager Billy Beane's attempts to assemble a competitive team. In the film, Beane (Brad Pitt) and assistant GM Peter Brand (Jonah Hill), faced with the franchise's limited budget for players, build a team of undervalued talent by taking a sophisticated sabermetric approach to scouting and analyzing players. Columbia Pictures bought the rights", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14694290", "score": "0.9976417", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Casey Bond", "text": "an audition for a television commercial for One-A-Day Men's Vitamins. Bond flew to Los Angeles and was cast in the commercial. Becoming a member of the Screen Actors Guild, Bond next appeared as the \"Handsome Handyman\" in \"Gene Simmons Family Jewels\" before being given a role in \"Moneyball\". Bond was cast in the 2011 film \"Moneyball\" as Chad Bradford, a submarine-style pitcher. Bond contacted Ben Zobrist, who he had previously worked out with and who was a former teammate of Bradford's, and Zobrist introduced them. Bond has taken acting classes with Larry Moss. He has appeared on the hit television", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15687858", "score": "0.99056256", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Heather Locklear", "text": "nominations for Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy. She had a recurring role on the TV Land sitcom \"Hot in Cleveland\" and a main role on the TNT drama-comedy television series \"Franklin & Bash\" in 2013. Locklear's notable film roles include the science-fiction thriller \"Firestarter\" (1984), the action comedy \"Money Talks\" (1997), the live-action/animated comedy \"\" (2003), and the romantic comedy \"The Perfect Man\" (2005). Locklear was born in Los Angeles, California, the daughter of Diane, a production executive, and William Locklear, a UCLA administrator. Her father was a Colonel in the United States Marine Corps. Locklear attended", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1489556", "score": "0.9873402", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Katherine Heigl", "text": "the series. Heigl said that she left the show to focus not on her film career, but on her family. In 2011, Heigl appeared in the ensemble romantic comedy \"New Year's Eve\", directed by Garry Marshall. Despite being a commercial success, grossing over $142 million worldwide, the film received generally negative reviews. Heigl next had the lead role in \"One for the Money\" (2012). Based on a series of novels by Janet Evanovich, the film's lead character is Stephanie Plum, a bounty hunter working for a bonding company. The film was a financial failure, grossing just over $36 million worldwide", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12858800", "score": "0.9818303", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Brad Pitt", "text": "of which won the Academy Award for Best Picture, and also \"The Tree of Life\", \"Moneyball\", and \"The Big Short\" (2015), all of which garnered Best Picture nominations. As a public figure, Pitt has been cited as one of the most influential and powerful people in the American entertainment industry. For a number of years, he was cited as the world's most attractive man by various media outlets, and his personal life is the subject of wide publicity. In 2000, he married actress Jennifer Aniston; they divorced in 2005. In 2014, Pitt married actress Angelina Jolie. They have six children", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "554648", "score": "0.9793829", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Moneyball (film)", "text": "of 8/10. The site's critical consensus states, \"Director Bennett Miller, along with Brad Pitt and Jonah Hill, take a niche subject and turn it into a sharp, funny, and touching portrait worthy of baseball lore\". On Metacritic, the film has a score of 87 out of 100, based on 42 critics, indicating \"universal acclaim\". Richard Roeper gave \"Moneyball\" a grade of an \"A\", saying that the film was a \"geek-stats book turned into a movie with a lot of heart\". Former Green Bay Packers vice president Andrew Brandt stated that the film \"persuasively exposed front office tension between competing scouting", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14694302", "score": "0.9769963", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Chris Pratt", "text": "a series regular. This would become his breakout character. Pratt portrayed Oakland Athletics first baseman/catcher Scott Hatteberg in the 2011 film \"Moneyball\". He was initially told that he was too fat to play Hatteberg, as he had gained , which Pratt attributed to the cooking of his then-girlfriend, actress Anna Faris. Deciding to lose weight, he worked out continuously, regularly checking to see if the part was cast, losing a total of . When he felt he had lost enough, he sent a photo of himself to the casting director and won the part. Prior to the release of \"Moneyball\",", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5153862", "score": "0.973433", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "On the Road (film)", "text": "light the way to a new era. Hedlund is as hunky as the young Brad Pitt, and like Pitt, he’s a wily, change-up actor\". Stewart's performance garnered some mixed reviews, with one critic writing \"Stewart as Marylou completes the awkward threesome for a large part of the film and whilst there is little for her to do here she also makes very little out of what she has to work with,\" and that she \"flatters to deceive, offering some moments of passion...criminally underplaying a character in Marylou who is supposed to burn with energy.\" However, \"New York\" magazine's Kyle Buchanan", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14791590", "score": "0.9727658", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Selma Blair", "text": "and became a worldwide commercial success, grossing US$160 million. She was nominated for the Scream Awards for Best Actress in a Fantasy Movie or TV Show. In 2008, Blair starred as a drug-addicted and alcoholic mother in Lori Petty's independent drama \"The Poker House\", opposite Jennifer Lawrence (in her breakthrough role) and Chloë Grace Moretz, who starred as her daughters. The film is set in 1976 and was based on Petty's real story, in which she and her two little sisters were abused by their mother and a violent pimp. The production initially had a 2008 limited release in theaters", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1897097", "score": "0.9716756", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "The Big Short (film)", "text": "set to star in the film, with Pitt producing the film along with Dede Gardner and Jeremy Kleiner. Plan B Entertainment would finance, with Paramount handling the distribution rights. Before this, Pitt had already starred in the adaptation of the author's \"Moneyball\", for which he was nominated for an Oscar. On January 14, it was announced that Steve Carell would also star. On April 21, 2015, more cast was revealed by \"Deadline\", including Melissa Leo, Marisa Tomei, Tracy Letts, Hamish Linklater, John Magaro, Byron Mann, Rafe Spall, Jeremy Strong, and Finn Wittrock. Charles Randolph wrote the initial draft. Max Greenfield", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18531310", "score": "0.96862507", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Kristine DeBell", "text": "for $21,075, and three by Christie's in December 2003 for $26,290. Subsequently, she moved to mainstream film and television. Her most prominent film roles included playing A.L., a camp counselor, alongside Bill Murray in the comedy \"Meatballs\" and Jackie Chan's girlfriend in \"The Big Brawl\". She appeared in a number of television pilots through the 1980s, individual episodes and series, including \"The Young and the Restless\", \"B. J. and the Bear\" and \"Night Court\". Kristine DeBell Kristine DeBell (born December 10, 1954) is an American Actress. Born in Chatham, New York, DeBell began her career as a fashion model with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3438500", "score": "0.96722317", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Zoe Kazan", "text": "of \"A Behanding in Spokane\" with Christopher Walken and Sam Rockwell until June 6, 2010. She also played a main role in the movies \"I Hate Valentine's Day\" and \"The Exploding Girl\", which were both released in 2009. In 2010, she had a main role in the comedy-drama \"happythankyoumoreplease\" as Mary Catherine, the cousin of Josh Radnor's character. She also starred as Millie Gately in 2010 (alongside Paul Dano, playing her husband) in Kelly Reichardt's independent western drama \"Meek's Cutoff\". In the fall, Kazan played Harper Pitt in Signature Theatre Company's 20th Anniversary production of Tony Kushner's \"Angels in America\".", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11515869", "score": "0.9652691", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Casey Bond", "text": "Thompson. The movie is based on the book of the same title. Bond dated country music singer Sarah Marince from 2011 to 2013. Bond married Stacy Smith, a Nashville CPA, in December 2016 in Mexico. Casey Bond Casey Bond (born October 5, 1984) is an American actor, film producer and retired professional baseball player. He is most noted for playing Chad Bradford in the 2011 film \"Moneyball\". Before becoming an actor, Bond played as an outfielder for the MLB team San Francisco Giants. Bond attended Birmingham–Southern College and Lipscomb University, playing college baseball for both schools, before he was drafted", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15687861", "score": "0.96484154", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Moneyball (film)", "text": "to Lewis's book in 2004. \"Moneyball\" premiered at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival and was released on September 23, 2011 to box office success and critical acclaim. The film was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Actor for Pitt and Best Supporting Actor for Hill. Oakland Athletics general manager Billy Beane is upset by his team's loss to the New York Yankees in the 2001 American League Division Series. With the impending departure of star players Johnny Damon, Jason Giambi, and Jason Isringhausen to free agency, Beane needs to assemble a competitive team", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14694291", "score": "0.9618187", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Mary-Louise Parker", "text": "starred alongside Sidney Poitier in the 1999 movie \"The Simple Life of Noah Dearborn\". On December 7, 2003, HBO aired a six-and-a-half-hour adaptation of Tony Kushner's acclaimed Broadway play \"Angels in America\", directed by Mike Nichols. Parker played Harper Pitt, the Mormon Valium-addicted wife of a closeted lawyer. For her performance, Parker received the Golden Globe Award and Primetime Emmy Award, both for Best Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or Television Film. In 2004, Parker appeared in the comedy \"Saved!\" and a television film called \"Miracle Run\", based on the true story of a mother of two sons with autism,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3144120", "score": "0.95918417", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Halle Berry", "text": "Halle Berry Halle Maria Berry (born Maria Halle Berry; August 14, 1966) is an American actress. Berry won the 2002 Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in the romantic drama \"Monster's Ball\" (2001). , she is the only woman of African American descent to have won the award. Berry was one of the highest-paid actresses in Hollywood during the 2000s and has been involved in the production of several of the films in which she performed. Berry is also a Revlon spokesmodel. Before becoming an actress, she started modeling and entered several beauty contests, finishing as the 1st", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "173477", "score": "0.95756185", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Brad Pitt", "text": "star in James Gray's deep space epic \"Ad Astra\", in which he will play the slightly autistic space engineer Roy McBride who searches across the galaxy for his father, played by Tommy Lee Jones. In February 2018, it was announced that Pitt will star opposite Leonardo DiCaprio as Cliff Booth, a stunt double, in Quentin Tarantino's upcoming film \"Once Upon a Time in Hollywood\" about the Manson Family murders. Pitt visited the University of Missouri campus in October 2004 to encourage students to vote in the 2004 U.S. presidential election, in which he supported John Kerry. Later in October he", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "554684", "score": "0.9560818", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Brad Pitt", "text": "Monkeys\" (both 1995), the latter earning him a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor and an Academy Award nomination. Pitt starred in the cult film \"Fight Club\" (1999) and the heist film \"Ocean's Eleven\" (2001) and its sequels, \"Ocean's Twelve\" (2004) and \"Ocean's Thirteen\" (2007). His greatest commercial successes have been \"Troy\" (2004), \"Mr. & Mrs. Smith\" (2005), and \"World War Z\" (2013). Pitt received his second and third Academy Award nominations for his leading performances in \"The Curious Case of Benjamin Button\" (2008) and \"Moneyball\" (2011). He produced \"The Departed\" (2006) and \"12 Years a Slave\" (2013), both", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "554647", "score": "0.95220447", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Tricia Leigh Fisher", "text": "their mother, attending many different schools and having tutors. Both girls would go on to attend Beverly Hills High School. Fisher made her debut in the 1985 crime drama \"Stick\", starring Burt Reynolds, Candice Bergen, George Segal, and Charles Durning. She then starred as Daphne Ziegler in the 1986 comedy \"Pretty Smart\". In 1987, Fisher appeared in the television movie \"Strange Voices\", opposite Valerie Harper. The following year, she landed a role in the TV movie \"Bring Me the Head of Dobie Gillis\", also starring her mother as well as Dwayne Hickman and Bob Denver. In 1989, Fisher appeared in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5216687", "score": "0.9513843", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "Jackie DaFonseca", "Kamille Leai", "Hot Wings", "Doll" ]

[ { "title": "Real Chance of Love", "text": "Real Chance of Love Real Chance of Love is an American reality television dating game show featuring two brothers, Ahmad \"Real\" Givens (died February 21, 2015, aged 33 ) and Kamal \"Chance\" Givens, of the rap group The Stallionares, former contestants on \"I Love New York\", who are looking for love. The show was first brought up in August 2007 when Mr. Boston of the first season of \"I Love New York\" was offered his own reality show. Boston declined and the plans eventually fell through, leaving the show to be picked up by Real and Chance. The first season", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13147208", "score": "1.3011789", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Real Chance of Love (season 1)", "text": "Real Chance of Love (season 1) Real Chance of Love (season 1) is the first season of the VH1 reality television dating series entitled \"Real Chance of Love\". Brothers Ahmad Givens (Real) and Kamal Givens (Chance), former contestants on \"I Love New York\", are the central figures. The show, which premiered October 20, 2008, features seventeen female contestants taking part in various challenges in a format similar to other VH1 and MTV dating contest programs. Each week, women are eliminated until the final episode where the brothers had to make their final selections. Ultimately, Ahmad selected \"Corn Fed\", while Kamal", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12531720", "score": "1.2675222", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Kamal Givens", "text": "the middle of the show, after failing at being a \"team player\" in several challenges and generally being high maintenance. Hoopz (Nicole Alexander) ultimately won \"I Love Money.\" Subsequently, VH1 announced Chance and Real were to hosts a new, similar reality show, \"Real Chance of Love.\" It premiered October 20, 2008 after a \"sneak peek\" five days earlier, and involved 17 women vying for the affection of the brothers over the span of 11 episodes. Chance ended up not choosing anyone, saying he wasn't ready to fall in love. He and Real returned for the second season, \"Real Chance of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12769233", "score": "1.2421243", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "The Surreal Life", "text": "successful franchise. Some contestants went on to star in their own dating show spinoffs. The first was \"Flavor of Love\"s Tiffany Pollard aka New York with \"I Love New York\" (two seasons). Three of her suitors got their own show brothers Kamal \"Chance\" and Ahmad \"Real\" Givens starred in \"Real Chance of Love\" (two seasons), and Frank \"The Entertainer\" Maresca starred in \"Frank the Entertainer in a Basement Affair\". Contestants from \"Flavor of Love\", \"Rock of Love with Bret Michaels\", \"Real Chance of Love\", and \"Rock of Love Bus with Bret Michaels\" were offered to participate in \"Charm School\", which", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3383991", "score": "1.2032697", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Real Chance of Love (season 2)", "text": "eating raw fish. At elimination, Real and Chance gave out Real chains and Chance chains. It came down to Aloha and Apple. Aloha was cracking up and Chance confirmed that Aloha is indeed crazy, leading Real to eliminate her. Note: Real and Chance decided to give out R Chains and C Chains due to the fact that they have an idea which girl is here for one of them. \"First aired August 24, 2009\" After elimination, Blonde Baller gets a call from one of her friend that her best friend died in Michigan, which Junk found very suspicious. The girls'", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13455186", "score": "1.1971529", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Real Chance of Love (season 2)", "text": "to pack and leave, but Sassy encouraged her to stay. The next day, Real and Chance took Flirty and Pocahontas to the studio where the TV show Chelsea Lately was filmed, where the girls get to see the boys on TV. Mamacita was jealous that Flirty had a better date than her, causing her to break down to tears. So Real comforted her and tells her she doesn't have to be there for Chance. Junk had one-on-one with Chance and Lady had one-on-one with Real. Junk talks more about Blonde Baller and Lady doesn't know what to tell Real. During", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13455191", "score": "1.1950755", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Real Chance of Love (season 2)", "text": "Chance took PS, Blonde Baller, and Junk to the zoo. Both Junk and Blonde Baller got into an argument. When Real asked if Sassy is a good fit for him as a question to Junk's peeping, PS mocks her. Blonde Baller tells Sassy, but starts another argument with Junk right after. During elimination, it was down to Apple and Sassy for Real and Junk and Blonde Baller for Chance. Real eliminated Apple, but Chance doesn't eliminate either girl. \"First aired August 31, 2009\" After elimination, Blonde Baller tells Chance that she is real and she doesn't have a boyfriend at", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13455188", "score": "1.1804934", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Real Chance of Love (season 2)", "text": "elimination, it was down to Mamacita, Lady, and Junk. Both Real and Chance wanted to give their chains to Mamacita. She was confused who to pick, but in the end, she chose Real because she wanted to teach Chance a lesson. Lady was eliminated, and shortly after, Junk, who thought she would survive another elimination, was also eliminated. \"First aired September 14, 2009\" After elimination, Mamacita felt strange being a Real girl, but Real told her to give him a shot to getting to know her. Meanwhile, Sassy saw PS flirting with Chance and tells her if he likes Chance,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13455192", "score": "1.17729", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Real Chance of Love (season 2)", "text": "she was there for the boys, not for TV, eliminating Wiggly. \"First aired August 17, 2009\" The fifteen remaining girls have their booty shaking skills put to the test when they audition for the Stallionaire's viral music video. Gloria Velez made a guest appearance, getting them into \"booty camp\". Then Pocahontas, Baker, and Lady were chosen as team captains and they chose teams. Apple was not confident doing the challenge, while Lady's team had many ideas that they cannot come to the conclusion of. Real and Chance came to judge all the teams' performances, and Real and Chance made the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13455184", "score": "1.1751851", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Real Chance of Love (season 2)", "text": "Real Chance of Love 2: Back in the Saddle is the second season of the VH1 reality television dating series Real Chance of Love. Ahmad Givens (Real) and Kamal Givens (Chance), former contestants on I Love New York are the central figures. The show premiered August 3, 2009. The show features twenty female contestants taking part in various challenges. Real and Chance appeared on Chelsea Lately on May 25, 2009 to talk about the second season of Real Chance of Love, which was in production at the time. Ultimately, Ahmad (Real) selected Doll, while Kamal (Chance) selected Hot Wings.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Real Chance of Love (season 2)", "text": "started to worry about that. During elimination, it was down to Flirty and Blonde Baller. Blonde Baller repeatedly said she was here for Chance, but Chance felt betrayed that he has been lied to the whole time, giving his chain to Flirty, eliminating Blonde Baller. Episode Notes \"First aired October 5, 2009\" After elimination, the girls celebrated the departure of Blonde Baller. The next day, the girls were invited by the boys to the Robert Hall winery at Paso Robles, CA. Real and Chance wanted take wine-tasting, but also announced that each of them will take two girls out on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13455202", "score": "1.1687973", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Real Chance of Love (season 2)", "text": "went up to Real and said she doesn't want to be in the house anymore. Real said she was going to go home anyway because of her offensive \"ghetto\" comments towards him, Chance, and the girls, including Sassy. Real called down Mamacita and said that she should accept his brother's chain because she was feeling Chance more. The brothers decided to not to give out the chains to the rest of the girls that night. Episode Notes \"First aired September 21, 2009\" Flirty wanted more connection from Chance, but Blonde Baller wants her to switch to Real for less competition.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13455195", "score": "1.1644318", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Flavor of Love", "text": "$100,000. A number of contestants from \"Flavor of Love\", \"Real Chance of Love\", \"Rock of Love\" and \"I Love New York\" are brought together in a mansion in Huatulco, Mexico to compete in a co-ed battle of mental and physical challenges to win $250,000. The first season's winner was Nicole \"Hoopz\" Alexander. The second season's winner was Angela \"Myammee\" Pitts. The fourth winner was Mindy Hall. The canceled third season winner was Ryan Jenkins, but it has never aired. Flavor of Love Flavor of Love is an American reality television dating game show starring Flavor Flav of the rap group", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6923952", "score": "1.1634914", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Tool Academy (U.S. TV series)", "text": "then was later changed again to August 30, 2009. The show's promo was shown on August 3, 2009 during the premiere of \"Real Chance of Love 2\". The winner for the second season of Tool Academy was T Shaw (Terry) \"Dancin Tool\" and Nicole. T Shaw proposed to Nicole after winning the competition. The first episode premiered on February 14, 2010. This season's competitors are both men and women, nominated by their respective partners, including one lesbian couple. The tools and toolettes believe they are competing for the title of Party Ambassador. The winner for the third season of Tool", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13403813", "score": "1.1628082", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Real Chance of Love", "text": "premiered October 20, 2008, and featured seventeen female contestants taking part in various challenges in a format similar to other VH1 and MTV dating contest programs. Each week, women were eliminated until the final episode where the brothers had to make their final selections. Ultimately, Ahmad (Real) selected \"Corn Fed\", while Kamal (Chance) selected nobody. The series consisted of 14 episodes. A few days after the reunion show was taped, Corn Fed and Real ended their relationship. It was reported on the VH1 blog that there will be a \"second season\" of \"Real Chance of Love\", with the working title", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13147209", "score": "1.16071", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Real Chance of Love (season 2)", "text": "a date. Chance had a one-on-one with Flirty, who told him that all her troubles are all in the past and it will not affect their relationship. Real had a one-on-one with Pocahontas, wanting more time with her. On the way the hotel, Sassy was so drunk that the limo had to pull over for her to puke. After they arrive at the Madonna Inn and Sassy sobering up, it was announced that Flirty, Mamacita, Classy, and Pocashontas get to go on dates with Real and Chance. As soon as the girls sat down, Chance had to use the bathroom,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13455203", "score": "1.1574285", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Real Chance of Love (season 2)", "text": "decision that Baker's team wins the challenge. Both of the boys took Aloha, Baker, Flirty, Mamacita, and PS to the Hollywood Park Race Track. PS, who was undecided about who she like, decides she likes Real better than Chance. Meanwhile at the house, Junk eavesdropped on Blonde Baller talking to her \"best friend\", which Junk believes it is her boyfriend. The next day, PS called out Blonde Baller for having a boyfriend and Chance doesn't know what to believe. Aloha had become emotional; even more crazy after Real told her to \"domesticate\" herself, after Real was disgusted that Aloha was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13455185", "score": "1.1507086", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Rock of Love with Bret Michaels", "text": "featured girls from Rock of Love Bus, and Real Chance of Love. Beverly, Gia, Farrah, Brittaney Starr, Natasha, Brittanya, Marcia, and Ashley were all contestants, but none won the competition. Bret Michaels: Life As I Know It. Erin Martin, who was eliminated during the second season premiere of Rock of Love, competed on the second season of The Voice as a member of Cee Lo Green's team. Despite having won a battle round against fellow competitors the Shields Brothers, her vocal performance has been panned by fans and critics alike, as well as Voice coach Cee Lo Green himself. On", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11060930", "score": "1.1338166", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Real Chance of Love (season 2)", "text": "stand as a witness, asking her what Blonde Baller said to her the other day about Chance. Classy relayed what Blonde Baller said to her, exposing her as a snitch. Ultimately, Blonde Baller was found guilty. The Impeaches won the challenge, winning dates. Chance also announced that there will be elimination that night. Back at the house, Blonde Baller overheard Flirty threatening to beat her up. Her solo date with Chance went well until Blonde Baller told him about Flirty, disappointing Chance. Meanwhile, Flirty was breaking down because Blonde Baller had blown her legal trouble out of proportion and Chance", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13455201", "score": "1.1322442", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Kamal Givens", "text": "then later was brought back on \"I Love New York 2\" as a guest to help New York pick the right guy that season. Chance is also noteworthy, because not picking him was the only regret New York voiced publicly. Chance was one of the 17 contestants in the VH1 reality show \"I Love Money,\" which features returning contestants from past VH1 reality shows such as \"Flavor of Love,\" \"I Love New York,\" and \"Rock of Love with Bret Michaels.\" The 17 competed in physical and mental challenges en route to a grand prize of $250,000. Chance was eliminated around", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12769232", "score": "1.131807", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Real Chance of Love (season 2)", "text": "she should stay by Chance instead. Angry, PS went outside and demanded Sassy what was that about. Sassy yelled at her that she shouldn't switch from brother to brother. The challenge the next day was to present an infomercial based on Real and Chance's products, having the Real and Chance girls competing against each other. It ended that Chance's girls won because of their outstanding energy in their presentation. Shortly after, PS called them \"ghetto\", surprising Real, Chance, and the girls. Real, Chance, and the winning girls went to a club that night. Meanwhile, Mamacita is still having feelings for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13455193", "score": "1.1245292", "original_retrieval_index": 34 }, { "title": "Real Chance of Love (season 1)", "text": "did not select a winner. The series consisted of 14 episodes. \"First aired October 20, 2008 \"First aired October 27, 2008 \"First aired November 3, 2008 \"First aired November 10, 2008 \"First aired November 17, 2008 \"First aired November 24, 2008 \"First aired December 1, 2008 \"First Aired December 8, 2008 \"First aired December 15, 2008 \"First aired December 29, 2008 \"First aired January 5, 2009 \"First aired January 12, 2009 \"First aired January 21, 2009 Some of the never-before-scenes included were: \"First aired January 26, 2009 Real Chance of Love (season 1) Real Chance of Love (season 1) is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12531721", "score": "1.1180637", "original_retrieval_index": 35 }, { "title": "Kamal Givens", "text": "section of Los Angeles, California. Givens was raised on a horse ranch with his brothers, Ahmad, Sean and Micah Givens. Givens, his older brother Ahmad, and younger brother Micah were in a rap group known as the Stallionaires, in reference to where they were raised. Chance and Real were discovered by VH1 producers through their MySpace pages. The brothers were among 20 contestants in \"I Love New York.\" This \"Bachelor\"-style dating show features Tiffany Pollard, better known as New York, in her quest to find true love. Chance was eliminated on the 11th episode, making him the show's runner-up. He", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12769231", "score": "1.1034198", "original_retrieval_index": 36 }, { "title": "I Love New York (season 1)", "text": "After being eliminated, Real cried and confessed his love for New York. \"First aired March 26, 2007 In this episode, never-before-scenes were shown. They included: \"First aired April 2, 2007 (4.8M viewers) The two finalists traveled with New York to Playacar resort in Playa del Carmen, Mexico. Later, New York made her final decision in Hollywood, California for her potential mate. This episode was the final episode where Chance and Tango were split into two separate rooms, because Chance and Tango were in a heated argument while at dinner with New York. In the end, New York chose Tango over", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10258308", "score": "1.1011136", "original_retrieval_index": 37 }, { "title": "Real Chance of Love (season 2)", "text": "where a real prom was held, while the others were stuck in the house. Later, before Real and Chance were ready to go to bed, Wiggly came into the room to impress Real, but she \"came off a little too strong\". The next day, Lady talk to Real and confessed that she used to date women, but it's all in the past. Both Real and Chance had a conservation with Mamacita, questioning if she is there for the boys or for TV. She jokingly said \"all the above\". During elimination, Mamacita and Wiggly were in the bottom 2. Mamacita confirmed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13455183", "score": "1.1004575", "original_retrieval_index": 38 }, { "title": "The Surreal Life", "text": "lasted three seasons, with the premise of bettering themselves and a chance at a cash prize. Contestants from \"Flavor of Love\", \"Rock of Love\", \"I Love New York\", \"Real Chance of Love\", \"For the Love of Ray J\", \"Rock of Love Bus\", \"Daisy of Love\", and \"Megan Wants a Millionaire\" were allowed to take part in \"I Love Money\", a \"Survivor\" elimination-style show held in a Mexican mansion. Four seasons were produced but the third never aired due to the involvement of Ryan Jenkins. Contestants New York, Real and Chance later starred in additional unscripted shows. \"New York Goes to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3383992", "score": "1.098286", "original_retrieval_index": 39 }, { "title": "Real Chance of Love (season 2)", "text": "past. The group played tennis with Blonde Baller disgusted about Chance giving Flirty more attention than her. During one-on-one, Blonde Baller gave Chance the scoop about the rest of Chance's girls, including Flirty. Flirty denied what Blonde Baller said about her on her one-on-one with Chance. After the date, Flirty told the rest of the girls about Blonde Baller, which causes most of the girls to turned on Blonde Baller. Chance had one-on-ones with Spanish Fly and Mamacita (finding Spanish Fly boring, but Mamacita fun and interesting), while Real had a one-on-one with Pocahontas, which she opens up about her", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13455197", "score": "1.0892245", "original_retrieval_index": 43 }, { "title": "Ahmo Hight", "text": "Exposed\", as well as episodes of the television series \"Pacific Blue\" and \"Hotel Exotica\". Hight was a contestant on the VH1 reality series \"Real Chance of Love\", where brothers Ahmad \"Real\" Givens and Kamal \"Chance\" Givens have seventeen women competing for their love in two separate groups: \"Real Girls\" and \"Chance Girls\". Hight appeared on the show under the nickname of \"Milf.\" On the show, which premiered October 20, 2008, Hight stated that she was 35 years old and had a 9-year-old son. Hight was in the top three for the \"Real Girls\" but was eliminated on Episode 10 of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9394481", "score": "1.0802882", "original_retrieval_index": 44 }, { "title": "Flavor of Love", "text": "where she was eliminated on the show's fourth episode after Flav discovered she had posed in a pornographic magazine. After the show, she appeared on and the first season of I Love Money. Candace Cabrera is the runner-up on the third season. Larissa Aurora appeared on Flavor of Love 2. After the show, she appeared on . Later on, during the show's reunion special, she got into an argument with Charm School's \"headmistress\"' actress Mo'Nique. In Flavor of Love season 2 she finished in fourth place. Shay Johnson appeared on Flavor of Love 2. After the show, she appeared on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6923947", "score": "1.0645064", "original_retrieval_index": 46 }, { "title": "Flavor of Love", "text": ". Then later was a contestant on the unaired 3rd season of I Love Money 3, along with Deelishis. Angela Pitts appeared on Flavor of Love 3. After the show, she won I Love Money 2 Schatar Taylor appeared on Flavor of Love, where she gained notoriety for trying to microwave a raw chicken. After the show, she appeared on . Cristal Steverson appeared on Flavor of Love. After the show, she appeared on and worked as a temporary radio personality for Hot 107.9, where she interviewed Crunk&B trio, Taurus. Leilene Ondrade appeared on Flavor of Love. After the show,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6923948", "score": "1.0592616", "original_retrieval_index": 47 } ]

[ "the physician George Huntington" ]

[ { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "Huntington's disease Huntington's disease (HD), also known as Huntington's chorea, is an inherited disorder that results in death of brain cells. The earliest symptoms are often subtle problems with mood or mental abilities. A general lack of coordination and an unsteady gait often follow. As the disease advances, uncoordinated, jerky body movements become more apparent. Physical abilities gradually worsen until coordinated movement becomes difficult and the person is unable to talk. Mental abilities generally decline into dementia. The specific symptoms vary somewhat between people. Symptoms usually begin between 30 and 50 years of age, but can start at any age.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "584122", "score": "1.1680231", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Memory disorder", "text": "emotional instability, and loss of intellectual faculties. Because of the inheritability of Huntington's each child born to a parent with Huntington's has a 50% chance of inheriting the disease, leading to a prevalence of almost 1 in 10,000 Canadians (0.01%). The first signs of Huntington's Disease are generally subtle; sufferers commonly note tics and twitching as well as unexplained fluctuations of mood. Clumsiness, depression and irritability are noted. What begins as a slurring and slowing of speech eventually leads to difficulty communicating and confinement to a wheelchair or bed. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease. PD and aging share", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6697061", "score": "1.1301876", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "aim of curing genetic illnesses by coordinating and supporting research. The foundation and Wexler's daughter, Nancy Wexler, were key parts of the research team in Venezuela which discovered the HD gene. At roughly the same time as the HDF formed, Marjorie Guthrie helped to found the Committee to Combat Huntington's Disease (now the Huntington's Disease Society of America), after her husband Woody Guthrie died from complications of HD. Since then, support and research organizations have formed in many countries around the world and have helped to increase public awareness of HD. A number of these collaborate in umbrella organizations, like", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "584192", "score": "1.1189826", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "inclusions they cause. These advances have led to increasingly extensive research into the proteins involved with the disease, potential drug treatments, care methods, and the gene itself. The condition was formerly called 'Huntington's chorea' but this term has been replaced by 'Huntington's disease' because not all patients develop chorea and due to the importance of cognitive and behavioral problems. Huntington's disease, particularly the application of the genetic test for the disease, has raised several ethical issues. The issues for genetic testing include defining how mature an individual should be before being considered eligible for testing, ensuring the confidentiality of results,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "584187", "score": "1.1178668", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "fairly recently. Huntington's was given different names throughout this history as understanding of the disease changed. Originally called simply 'chorea' for the jerky dancelike movements associated with the disease, HD has also been called \"hereditary chorea\" and \"chronic progressive chorea\". The first definite mention of HD was in a letter by Charles Oscar Waters, published in the first edition of Robley Dunglison's \"Practice of Medicine\" in 1842. Waters described \"a form of chorea, vulgarly called magrums\", including accurate descriptions of the chorea, its progression, and the strong heredity of the disease. In 1846 Charles Gorman observed how higher prevalence seemed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "584177", "score": "1.1093541", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "The disease may develop earlier in life in each successive generation. About eight percent of cases start before the age of 20 years and typically present with symptoms more similar to Parkinson's disease. People with HD often underestimate the degree of their problems. HD is typically inherited from a person's parents, although up to 10% of cases are due to a new mutation. The disease is caused by an autosomal dominant mutation in either of an individual's two copies of a gene called \"Huntingtin\". This means a child of an affected person typically has a 50% chance of inheriting the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "584123", "score": "1.1075233", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Huntington's Disease Society of America", "text": "with HD, their families, caregivers and people at-risk, and is a resource on Huntington’s Disease for medical professionals and the general public. Huntington's Disease Society of America The Huntington's Disease Society of America is a US non-profit organization dedicated to improving the lives of those affected by Huntington's disease, an incurable, genetically transmitted degenerative disease of the nervous system that affects movement, thinking, and some aspects of personality. The Huntington’s Disease Society of America is the largest non-profit volunteer organization dedicated to improving the lives of everyone affected by Huntington’s Disease. Founded in 1968 by Marjorie Guthrie, wife of folk", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10275781", "score": "1.1059359", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease-like syndrome", "text": "chorea, Friedreich's ataxia, mitochondrial disease. A Huntington's disease-like presentation may also be caused by acquired causes. Huntington's disease-like syndrome The Huntington's disease-like syndromes (often abbreviated as HD-like or \"HDL\" syndromes) are a family of inherited neurodegenerative diseases that closely resemble Huntington's disease (HD) in that they typically produce a combination of chorea, cognitive decline or dementia and behavioural or psychiatric problems. HDL1 is an unusual, autosomal dominant familial prion disease. Only described in one family, it is caused by an eight-octapeptide repeat insertion in the \"PRNP\" gene. More broadly, inherited prion diseases in general can mimic HD. HDL2 is the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19497156", "score": "1.1055813", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "determining the exact mechanism of the disease, improving animal models to aid with research, testing of medications to treat symptoms or slow the progression of the disease, and studying procedures such as stem cell therapy with the goal of repairing damage caused by the disease. Symptoms of Huntington's disease most commonly become noticeable between the ages of 35 and 44 years, but they can begin at any age from infancy to old age. In the early stages, there are subtle changes in personality, cognition, and physical skills. The physical symptoms are usually the first to be noticed, as cognitive and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "584127", "score": "1.1053641", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "The first likely description of the disease was in 1841 by Charles Oscar Waters. The condition was described in further detail in 1872 by the physician George Huntington, after whom it is named. The genetic basis was discovered in 1993 by an international collaborative effort led by the Hereditary Disease Foundation. Research and support organizations began forming in the late 1960s to increase public awareness, to provide support for individuals and their families, and to promote research. Current research directions include determining the exact mechanism of the disease, improving animal models to aid with research, testing of medications to treat", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "family studied by George Huntington openly accommodated those who exhibited symptoms of HD. The search for the cause of this condition was enhanced considerably in 1968, when the Hereditary Disease Foundation (HDF) was created by Milton Wexler, a psychoanalyst based in Los Angeles, California, whose wife Leonore Sabin had been diagnosed earlier that year with Huntington's disease. The three brothers of Wexler's wife also suffered from this disease. The foundation was involved in the recruitment of over 100 scientists in the Huntington's Disease Collaborative Research Project who over a 10-year period worked to locate the responsible gene. Thanks to the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "584184", "score": "1.096365", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease-like syndrome", "text": "Huntington's disease-like syndrome The Huntington's disease-like syndromes (often abbreviated as HD-like or \"HDL\" syndromes) are a family of inherited neurodegenerative diseases that closely resemble Huntington's disease (HD) in that they typically produce a combination of chorea, cognitive decline or dementia and behavioural or psychiatric problems. HDL1 is an unusual, autosomal dominant familial prion disease. Only described in one family, it is caused by an eight-octapeptide repeat insertion in the \"PRNP\" gene. More broadly, inherited prion diseases in general can mimic HD. HDL2 is the commonest HD-like syndrome and is caused by GTC/CAG triplet expansions in the \"JPH3\" gene encoding junctophilin-3.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19497154", "score": "1.0892625", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "living early in the 19th century. Finland, as well, has a low incidence of only 2.2 per 100,000 people. Until the discovery of a genetic test, statistics could only include clinical diagnosis based on physical symptoms and a family history of HD, excluding those who died of other causes before diagnosis. These cases can now be included in statistics; and, as the test becomes more widely available, estimates of the prevalence and incidence of the disorder are likely to increase. Although Huntington's has been recognized as a disorder since at least the Middle Ages, the cause has been unknown until", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "584176", "score": "1.0890256", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Sarah Tabrizi", "text": "system in the pathogenesis of Huntington’s disease, published the first assay of the mutant HD protein in human blood cells, and designed and led two major, international, influential research initiatives, TRACK-HD and Track-On HD. To date these studies have yielded fundamental new insights into the preclinical phase of neurodegeneration in Huntington’s disease including identifying predictors of disease onset, progression, evidence of brain compensation and plasticity and neurobiological changes occurring twenty years before predicted disease onset, and her work established a battery of clinical trial outcome measures. Recently her work identified an important new genetic modifier of disease progression in Huntington’s", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19502437", "score": "1.0884509", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "HDF, the ongoing US-Venezuela Huntington's Disease Collaborative Research Project was started in 1979, and reported a major breakthrough in 1983 with the discovery of the approximate location of a causal gene. This was the result of an extensive study focusing on the populations of two isolated Venezuelan villages, Barranquitas and Lagunetas, where there was an unusually high prevalence of the disease. It involved over 18,000 people—mostly from a single extended family. Among other innovations, the project developed DNA-marking methods which were an important step in making the Human Genome Project possible. In 1993, the research group isolated the precise causal", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "584185", "score": "1.0858088", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "regions of the brain. Experiments have yielded mixed results using this technique in animal models and preliminary human clinical trials. Whatever their future therapeutic potential, stem cells are already a valuable tool for studying Huntington's disease in the laboratory. Several clinical trials of new experimental treatments are underway and planned in Huntington's disease. Compounds that have failed to prevent or slow progression of Huntington's disease in human trials include remacemide, coenzyme Q10, riluzole, creatine, minocycline, ethyl-EPA, phenylbutyrate and dimebon. Huntington's disease Huntington's disease (HD), also known as Huntington's chorea, is an inherited disorder that results in death of brain cells.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "584199", "score": "1.0858057", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "gene at 4p16.3, making this the first autosomal disease locus found using genetic linkage analysis. In the same time frame, key discoveries concerning the mechanisms of the disorder were being made, including the findings by Anita Harding's research group on the effects of the gene's length. Modelling the disease in various types of animals, such as the transgenic mouse developed in 1996, enabled larger scale experiments. As these animals have faster metabolisms and much shorter lifespans than humans, results from experiments are received sooner, speeding research. The 1997 discovery that mHTT fragments misfold led to the discovery of the nuclear", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "584186", "score": "1.084653", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Huntington's Disease Society of America", "text": "Huntington's Disease Society of America The Huntington's Disease Society of America is a US non-profit organization dedicated to improving the lives of those affected by Huntington's disease, an incurable, genetically transmitted degenerative disease of the nervous system that affects movement, thinking, and some aspects of personality. The Huntington’s Disease Society of America is the largest non-profit volunteer organization dedicated to improving the lives of everyone affected by Huntington’s Disease. Founded in 1968 by Marjorie Guthrie, wife of folk legend Woody Guthrie who died of HD, the Society works to provide the family services, education, advocacy and research for the more", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10275779", "score": "1.0830458", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "the International Huntington Association and the European HD network. Many support organizations hold an annual HD awareness event, some of which have been endorsed by their respective governments. For example, 6 June is designated \"National Huntington's Disease Awareness Day\" by the US Senate. The largest funder of Huntington's disease research globally, in terms of financial expenditure, is the CHDI Foundation, a US non-profit biomedical foundation that aims to \"rapidly discover and develop drugs that delay or slow Huntington's disease\". CHDI was formerly known as the High Q Foundation. In 2006, it spent $50 million on Huntington's disease research. CHDI collaborates", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "584193", "score": "1.0813029", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "stands for 'interesting transcript 15'. Part of this gene is a repeated section called a trinucleotide repeat, which varies in length between individuals and may change length between generations. If the repeat is present in a healthy gene, a dynamic mutation may increase the repeat count and result in a defective gene. When the length of this repeated section reaches a certain threshold, it produces an altered form of the protein, called mutant Huntingtin protein (mHTT). The differing functions of these proteins are the cause of pathological changes which in turn cause the disease symptoms. The Huntington's disease mutation is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "584133", "score": "1.0810351", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "symptoms, as they signify sufferers' desires to avoid the later stages of the disease. Other associated risks include choking, physical injury from falls, and malnutrition. The late onset of Huntington's disease means it does not usually affect reproduction. The worldwide prevalence of HD is 5–10 cases per 100,000 persons, but varies greatly geographically as a result of ethnicity, local migration and past immigration patterns. Prevalence is similar for men and women. The rate of occurrence is highest in peoples of Western European descent, averaging around 7 per 100,000 people, and is lower in the rest of the world; e.g., one", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "584173", "score": "1.0654919", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "late that symptoms are never noticed. With very large repeat counts, HD has full penetrance and can occur under the age of 20, when it is then referred to as juvenile HD, akinetic-rigid, or Westphal variant HD. This accounts for about 7% of HD carriers. Huntington's disease has autosomal dominant inheritance, meaning that an affected individual typically inherits one copy of the gene with an expanded trinucleotide repeat (the mutant allele) from an affected parent. Since penetrance of the mutation is very high, those who have a mutated copy of the gene will have the disease. In this type of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "584137", "score": "1.0628146", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Max Perutz", "text": "the onset of Huntington disease is related to the number of glutamine repeats as they bind to form what he called a polar zipper. During the early 1950s, while Watson and Crick were determining the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), they made use of unpublished X-ray diffraction images taken by Rosalind Franklin, shown at meetings and shared with them by Maurice Wilkins, and of Franklin's preliminary account of her detailed analysis of the X-ray images included in an unpublished 1952 progress report for the King's College laboratory of Sir John Randall. Randall and others eventually criticised the manner in which", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "489843", "score": "1.0610957", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Marjorie Guthrie", "text": "with this disease and then founded the Committee to Combat Huntington’s Disease. We found the disorder was much more prevalent than anybody believed possible.” – Marjorie Guthrie Marjorie headed a Federal commission for control of the disease in 1976 and 1977 and convinced then President Jimmy Carter to form a Presidential Commission to study neurological diseases, including HD. The recommendations that resulted from that 1977 report have served as the cornerstone of HDSA's commitment to the care and cure of HD. Mrs. Guthrie was instrumental in creating the World Federation of Neurology's Research Commission on Huntington's Chorea. She headed a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9025046", "score": "1.059782", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Epigenetics of neurodegenerative diseases", "text": "manner. As with other potential treatments to prevent or ameliorate symptoms of AD, these therapies do not work to cure, but only ameliorate symptoms of the disease temporarily, underscoring the chronic, progressive nature of AD, and the variability of methylation in AD brains. Huntington’s disease (HD) is an inherited disorder that causes progressive degeneration of neurons within the cerebral cortex and striatum of the brain resulting in loss of motor functions (involuntary muscle contractions), decline in cognitive ability (eventually resulting in dementia), and changes in behavior. Huntington’s is caused by an autosomal dominant mutation expanding the number of glutamine codon", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18782206", "score": "1.0574703", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "HD-like symptoms and were initially used, but they did not mimic the progressive features of the disease. The identification of the causative gene has enabled the development of many transgenic animal models including nematode worms, \"Drosophila\" fruit flies, mice, rats, sheep, pigs and monkeys that express mutant huntingtin and develop progressive neurodegeneration and HD-like symptoms. Research is being conducted on many different approaches to prevent Huntington's disease or slow its progression. Disease-modifying strategies can be broadly grouped into three categories: reducing the level of the mutant huntingtin protein (including gene splicing and gene silencing); approaches aimed at improving neuronal survival", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "584195", "score": "1.055912", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Huntington's Disease Association", "text": "Huntington's Disease Association The Huntington's Disease Association (HDA) is a charity that supports people in England and Wales affected by the genetic neurodegenerative brain condition Huntington's disease (HD). The HDA was founded in 1986 and is based in Liverpool. It supports a network of regional care advisors who offer care and support to people with and at risk of Huntington's disease and their families. The HDA also has a research programme that supports scientific and social research into HD. It has worked to establish and support a network of multidisciplinary clinics for HD patients in the UK. The charity was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16135313", "score": "1.0558742", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Trinucleotide repeat disorder", "text": "manifest, are at an increased risk of developing Huntington's despite the lack of any history of the disease in their family. Also, the more repeats, the more severe the disease and the earlier its onset. This explains why individuals that have had Huntington's running in their family for a longer period of time show an earlier age of disease onset and faster disease progression, as mutations that add additional CAG codons become more likely with each successive generation. Trinucleotide repeat disorders are the result of extensive duplication of a single codon. In fact, the cause is trinucleotide expansion up to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5922561", "score": "1.0546308", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Huntington's disease", "text": "accurate definition of the disease as his first paper. Huntington described the exact pattern of inheritance of autosomal dominant disease years before the rediscovery by scientists of Mendelian inheritance.\"Of its hereditary nature. When either or both the parents have shown manifestations of the disease ..., one or more of the offspring almost invariably suffer from the disease ... But if by any chance these children go through life without it, the thread is broken and the grandchildren and great-grandchildren of the original shakers may rest assured that they are free from the disease.\". Sir William Osler was interested in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "584179", "score": "1.0532051", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Adult development", "text": "helical filaments containing over-phosphorylated tau protein, are located within the nerve cell. Early symptoms of AD include difficulty remembering names and events, while later symptoms include impaired judgment, disorientation, confusion, behavior changes, and difficulty speaking, swallowing, and walking. After initial diagnosis, a person with AD can live, on average, an additional 3 to 10 years with the disease. In 2013, it was estimated that 5.2 million Americans of all ages had AD. Environmental factors such as head trauma, high cholesterol, and type 2 diabetes can increase the likelihood of AD. Huntington's disease (HD) named after George Huntington is a disorder", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10799425", "score": "1.0524964", "original_retrieval_index": 29 } ]

[ "Turducken" ]

[ { "title": "Thanksgiving dinner", "text": "with pigeon peas) or arroz con maiz (rice with corn), pasteles (root tamales) stuffed with turkey, pumpkin-coconut crème caramel, corn bread with longaniza, potato salad, roasted white sweet potatoes and Spanish sparkling hard cider. Turkey in Puerto Rico is stuffed with mofongo. Cuban-Americans traditionally serve the turkey alongside a small roasted pork and include white rice and black beans or kidney beans. Vegetarians or vegans have been known to serve alternative entree centerpieces such as a large vegetable pie or a stuffed and baked pumpkin or tofu substitutes. Many Midwesterners (such as Minnesotans) of Norwegian or Scandinavian descent set the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6362746", "score": "0.9221725", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Turducken", "text": "chicken stuffed with a pigeon, with sage and apple stuffing) in 1990. Multi-bird roasts are widely available. In his 1807 \"Almanach des Gourmands\", gastronomist Grimod de La Reynière presents his \"rôti sans pareil\" (\"roast without equal\")—a bustard stuffed with a turkey, a goose, a pheasant, a chicken, a duck, a guinea fowl, a teal, a woodcock, a partridge, a plover, a lapwing, a quail, a thrush, a lark, an ortolan bunting and a garden warbler—although he states that, since similar roasts were produced by ancient Romans, the \"rôti sans pareil\" was not entirely novel. The final bird is very small", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2282243", "score": "0.8704505", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Salvadoran cuisine", "text": "(\"stuffed bread\") are warm submarine sandwiches. The turkey or chicken is marinated and then roasted with Pipil spices and hand-pulled. This sandwich is traditionally served with turkey or chicken, tomato, and watercress along with cucumber, cabbage, and traditional stuffed panes does not include Mayonnaise]. Other well-known Salvadoran dishes include \"carne guisada\" (saucy beef with potatoes and carrots), \"lomo entomatado\" (beef with tomatoes), \"carne asada\" (grilled steak, usually served with a type of Salvadoran salsa called \"chimol\"), \"pasteles de carne\" (meat pies), \"pollo guisado con hongos\" (chicken with mushrooms), \"pacaya planta\" (palm flowers breaded in cornmeal, fried and served with tomato", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5138879", "score": "0.8463131", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Stuffing", "text": "is mentioned in T.C. Boyle's book \"Water Music\". British celebrity chef Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall has championed the ten-bird roast, calling it \"one of the most spectacular and delicious roasts you can lay before your loved ones at Yuletide\". A large turkey is stuffed with a goose, duck, mallard, guinea fowl, chicken, pheasant, partridge, pigeon, and woodcock. The roast feeds approximately 30 people and, as well as the ten birds, includes stuffing made from two pounds of sausage meat and half a pound of streaky bacon, along with sage, and port and red wine. In the United States and eastern Canada, multi-bird", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2322356", "score": "0.8349288", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Three Emperors Dinner", "text": "and the breasts are thinly sliced and arranged around the stuffing. The remaining carcass is pressed in a poultry press to extract all the juices and is added to a Rouennaise sauce, which is poured over the sliced duck. (This dish is today the speciality of the house at \"La Tour d'Argent\".) Ortolans sur canapés, ortolans (now a protected species) on toast. Aubergines à l'espagnole is a dish of aubergine shells filled with chopped aubergine, tomato and ham, gratinéed with gruyère. Cassolette princesse, (a.k.a. Cassolette argenteuil), A cassolette with a border of duchesse potatoes and an asparagus filling in cream", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15734366", "score": "0.832131", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Three Emperors Dinner", "text": "consisting of tomato, red bell pepper, garlic, origanum, paprika, cayenne pepper, brown sugar, lemon juice, white wine, chicken stock and olive oil, stuffed with tomato flavoured rice. Pâté chaud de cailles is warm pâté of quail. Homard à la parisienne is lobster cooked in court bouillon, cut into slices and glazed with aspic, with a garnish of tomatoes stuffed with a macédoine of vegetables, dressed with a mixture of mayonnaise and aspic and garnished with sliced truffle. Canetons à la rouennaise is a dish of roast duckling stuffed with forcemeat. The legs and breasts are removed, the legs are grilled", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15734365", "score": "0.8315759", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Turducken", "text": "but large enough to just hold an olive; it also suggests that, unlike modern multi-bird roasts, there was no stuffing or other packing placed in between the birds. \"Gooducken\" is a goose stuffed with a duck, which is in turn stuffed with a chicken. An early form of the recipe was \"Pandora's cushion\", a goose stuffed with a chicken stuffed with a quail. Another version of the dish is credited to French diplomat and gourmand Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord. The 1891 newspaper article \"French Legends Of The Table\" offers \"Quail a la Talleyrand\": The following for instance, is Talleyrand's fanciful", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2282244", "score": "0.8291414", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Mlinci", "text": "can also be quickly fried in poultry fat. Turkey with \"mlinci\" is a Croatian folk-cuisine specialty, especially in Zagorje and Slavonia. In Slovenia, duck or goose with \"mlinci\" is traditionally eaten on St. Martin's Day. In Serbia, they are usually prepared in the province of Vojvodina, where they are served with a pork or chicken fillet in smetana sauce. \"Mlinci\" can also be served by soaking the dried pieces in the drippings from roast meats. The roast meat is removed from the pan and the broken pieces are placed in the fat in the tray, and then baked for a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7389167", "score": "0.8256358", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Stuffed eggplant", "text": "Stuffed eggplant Stuffed eggplants (, Iran: Karni Yarikh, , ) are a dish typical of many countries. Eggplants are stuffed with meat (lamb) and rice. In Turkey, this dish is called Patlican dolmasi. The ingredients include eggplant, minced meat, rice, onion, tomato paste, tomato, parsley, mint, salt, black pepper and sunflower oil. Optional ingredients include sumac, lemon juice, allspice, cinnamon, pine nuts, almonds, walnuts, mint, and olive oil which may be added for a better taste. Eggplants are stuffed with meat (lamb or beef) and bulgur or rice but a bit distinctly than its neighbors because of a wider use", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17891502", "score": "0.8212137", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Turducken", "text": "Turducken is a dish consisting of a deboned chicken stuffed into a deboned duck, further stuffed into a deboned turkey. Outside of the United States and Canada, it is known as a three bird roast. Gooducken is a traditional English variant, replacing turkey with goose.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Dolma", "text": "from the local mulberry trees. Stuffed vine leaves without meat are sometimes called \"yalancı dolma\", which means \"liar's dolma\" in Turkish. \"Vişneli yalancı dolması\" is a variation of stuffed vine leaves where the rice is seasoned with cinnamon, allspice and mint. The dolmas are slowly cooked together with morello cherries (\"vişne\"), and plums may be used also. A modern Israeli recipe has a meat-filled variant served in a pomegranate sauce with dried cherries. In Persian cuisine \"basuts dolma\" is a dish of cabbage rolls stuffed with beans and tart fruits. In Armenia, it is called Lenten Dolma or Pasuts Tolma", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3536090", "score": "0.8132844", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Náncsi Néni (restaurant)", "text": "Among the highlights of the menu are the húsleves (chicken broth), gulyas soup, pike perch, stuffed turkey breast, catfish paprikas, goose liver marinated in grape juice, and the famous túrógombóc, coated with breadcrumbs, caster sugar, and sour cream. The restaurant tries to offer the type of food that one would eat in a traditional Hungarian home, but also serves international cuisine, especially French. Depending on the season, seafood and game are also part of the menu. Náncsi Néni serves pálinka, the traditional Hungarian plum brandy, and a wide selection of local and international wines, selected by the Hungarian Wine Society.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16144483", "score": "0.8119231", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Stuffing", "text": "Stuffing Stuffing or filling is an edible substance or mixture, normally consisting primarily of small cut-up pieces of bread or a similar starch and served as a side dish or used to fill a cavity in another food item while cooking. Many foods may be stuffed, including eggs, poultry, seafood, mammals, and vegetables, but chickens and turkey are the most common. Stuffing serves the dual purpose of helping to keep the meat moist while also adding to the mix of flavours of both the stuffing and the thing it is stuffed in. Poultry stuffing often consists of dried breadcrumbs, onion,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2322352", "score": "0.811185", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Stuffing", "text": "(1538), \"forcemeat\" (1688), and relatively more recently in the United States; \"dressing\" (1850). In addition to stuffing the body cavity of animals, including birds, fish, and mammals, various cuts of meat may be stuffed after they have been deboned or a pouch has been cut into them. Popular recipes include stuffed chicken legs, stuffed pork chops, stuffed breast of veal, as well as the traditional holiday stuffed turkey or goose. Many types of vegetables are also suitable for stuffing, after their seeds or flesh has been removed. Tomatoes, capsicums (sweet or hot peppers), vegetable marrows (e.g., zucchini) may be prepared", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2322354", "score": "0.81002104", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Stuffing", "text": "in this way. Cabbages and similar vegetables can also be stuffed or wrapped around a filling. They are usually blanched first, in order to make their leaves more pliable. Then, the interior may be replaced by stuffing, or small amounts of stuffing may be inserted between the individual leaves. It is sometimes claimed that ancient Roman and medieval cooks stuffed animals with other animals. An anonymous Andalusian cookbook from the 13th century includes a recipe for a ram stuffed with small birds. A similar recipe for a camel stuffed with sheep stuffed with bustards stuffed with carp stuffed with eggs", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2322355", "score": "0.7991947", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Christmas dinner", "text": "vegetables. The Irish Christmas dinner which is eaten normally between 1.00 p.m. and 4.00 p.m. consists of turkey, ham, Brussels sprouts, roast potatoes, stuffing and various vegetables. The older tradition, still followed by many people in Ireland, is to serve a duck or a goose at Christmas. The dinner usually consists of roast turkey (although other poultry such as goose, chicken, duck, capon or pheasant are alternatives), sometimes with roast beef or ham or, to a lesser extent, pork. In some parts of Ireland, especially County Cork and Limerick, Spiced Beef will also be eaten. The centrepiece is typically served", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6906221", "score": "0.7986368", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Chicken Kiev", "text": "as cutlets, escalopes, sweetbreads, or chicken breasts, which are treated \"à l'anglaise\" (\"English-style\"), i.e. coated with eggs and breadcrumbs, and sautéed. Numerous recipes of such dishes, some of them with stuffings, are described both in Western and Russian cookbooks of the 19th century. Among the stuffed versions, one finds a recipe for a \"fowl fillet \"à la Maréchale\"\" stuffed with truffles and herbs in \"The Art of French Cuisine of the 19th Century\" (1847) by Marie-Antoine Carême, and a similar \"filet de poulets à la Maréchale\" with herbs and forcemeat in \"La cuisine classique\" (1868) by Urbain Dubois. Elena Molokhovets'", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4549994", "score": "0.7974297", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Dolma", "text": "stuffed with a filling of kashar cheese, tomato, onion, dill and parsley. In Turkey, stuffed sardines may be served as a mezze platter at traditional taverns called \"meyhane\". There are several varieties of dolma made with offal. \"Dalak dolması\", widely considered a delicacy of Armenian origin, is spleen stuffed with rice that has been seasoned with allspice, salt, pepper, mint, parsley and onion. It may be served an accompaniment with the anise-flavored liquor called \"rakı\". \"Mumbar dolma\" is intestine stuffed with a moist mixture of ground meat, rice, pepper, cumin and salt. The stuffed intestine is then boiled in water", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3536096", "score": "0.797266", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Christmas dinner", "text": "a long time to decorate, with the remainder usually ending up on the Christmas tree as decorations. In Denmark, the traditional Christmas meal served on 24 December consists, according to one representative study, of duck (66% of households surveyed), roast pork with crackling (43%), turkey (8%), or goose (7%). The figures total more than 100% because some families prepare more than one kind of meat for Christmas dinner. The meat is served with boiled potatoes (some of which are caramelized, some roasted), red cabbage, and plenty of gravy. The main course is followed by a dessert of Risalamande, rice pudding", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6906216", "score": "0.7966895", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Peking duck", "text": "bones of ducks with vegetables. The cooked Peking Duck is traditionally carved in front of the diners and served in three stages. First, the duck skin is served with sugar and garlic sauce as dip. The skin tastes better while remaining warm, but it will cool down fast. The meat is then served with steamed pancakes (), spring onions and sweet bean sauce. Several vegetable dishes are provided to accompany the meat, typically cucumber sticks. Some restaurants offer watermelon radish sticks as alternative. The diners spread sauce over the pancake. Traditionally, the pancake is wrapped around the meat and spring", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1968547", "score": "0.79570764", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Christmas dinner", "text": "which are usually only prepared during Christmas time are romeritos, bacalao, and stuffed turkey. Tamale preparation varies from region to region. It is usual for tamale fillings to include beef or pork with red sauce, chicken with a green chile sauce or cheese with jalapeño \"rajas\" or strips inside a corn or rice masa and steamed inside corn husks or banana leaves. Sweet tamales filled with pineapple, raisins, strawberries, or corn are also common. Sweets such as flan, a brulee-like custard with carmelized sugar,buñuelos, fruit and milk or liquer-flavored gelatin or Champurrado. Beverages like canela (tea sweetened with pilloncillo), Rompope,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6906241", "score": "0.7934701", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Stuffed peppers", "text": "of stuffed peppers in Bulgaria is made with mixed white cheese and eggs instead of meat and rice as stuffing. Ardei umpluţi () is Romanian for \"stuffed peppers\". This dish is usually prepared with bell peppers stuffed with ground meat (usually pork), rice, onion, and other vegetables and spices and then boiled in a sauce made from cream, tomatoes, and spices. Stuffed peppers in American cuisine is a dish where bell peppers (often the green, yellow, and red varieties) are typically filled with a stuffing such as ground beef, mixed with bread crumbs or cooked rice, eggs, herbs, and spices", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9963112", "score": "0.79280955", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Stuffing", "text": "filled with stuffing can present potential food safety issues. These can occur because when the meat reaches a safe temperature, the stuffing inside can still harbor bacteria (and if the meat is cooked until the stuffing reaches a safe temperature, the meat may be overcooked). For turkeys, for instance, the USDA recommends cooking stuffing/dressing separately from the bird and not buying pre-stuffed birds. (Stuffing is never recommended for turkeys to be fried, grilled, microwaved, or smoked). Stuffing Stuffing or filling is an edible substance or mixture, normally consisting primarily of small cut-up pieces of bread or a similar starch and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2322359", "score": "0.79267013", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Turkey as food", "text": "stuffed turkey). Turkey meat has been eaten by indigenous peoples from Mexico, Central America and the southern tier of the United States since antiquity. In the 15th century, Spanish Conquistadors took Aztec turkeys back to Europe. Turkey was eaten as such as early as the 16th century in England. Before the 20th century, pork ribs were the most common food for the North American holidays, as the animals were usually slaughtered in November. Turkeys were once so abundant in the wild that they were eaten throughout the year, the food considered commonplace, whereas pork ribs were rarely available outside of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13842378", "score": "0.79182816", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Peking duck", "text": "advanced notice. Crispy aromatic duck (香酥鴨 xiang su ya) is a similar dish to Peking duck. It is very popular in the United Kingdom, where it was created in the latter half of the twentieth century. The duck is first marinated with spices, then steamed until tender, and finally deep fried until crispy. The meat has less fat and is drier and crispier compared to that of Peking Duck. Crispy aromatic duck can also be seen in the United States, usually served with buns rather than pancakes. In Germany, some Asian fusion restaurants also serve crispy aromatic duck (\"Knusprige Ente\"),", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1968551", "score": "0.78113586", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Culture of England", "text": "saddle of lamb, with mint sauce or redcurrant jelly; pork, typically leg, shoulder or loin of pork, with crackling and apple sauce; honey-glazed gammon with cloves and parsley sauce; and poultry, such as chicken, duck (e.g. Aylesbury duck) and goose. Consumption of chicken increased from the 1950s when the introduction of poultry factories, pioneered in England by JB Eastwood Ltd. owned by Sir John Eastwood, significantly reduced the price. An English Christmas dinner traditionally consists of roast turkey, cranberry sauce, bread sauce, stuffing, gravy, pigs in blankets, roast potatoes, chestnuts, Brussels sprouts and other vegetables. It is sometimes accompanied by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12375271", "score": "0.781073", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Turkish cuisine", "text": "contain meat. Spinach, leek, string bean and artichoke with olive oil are among the most widespread dishes in Turkey. Dolma is the name used for stuffed vegetables. Like the vegetables cooked with olive oil as described above dolma with olive oil does not contain meat. Many vegetables are stuffed, most typically green peppers (\"biber dolması\"), eggplants, tomatoes, or zucchini/courgettes (\"kabak dolması\"), vine leaves (\"yaprak dolması\"). If vine leaves are used, they are first pickled in brine. However, dolma is not limited to these common types; many other vegetables and fruits are stuffed with a meat or rice mixture. For example,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "426275", "score": "0.7805555", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Tatar cuisine", "text": "Main dishes are usually based on meat, grains, and potatoes. Meat or chicken boiled in the broth is cut into small pieces and served as a main course, sometimes quickly fried in oil with onions, carrots, and bell peppers. Boiled potatoes are a favorite side dish, with grated horseradish served as an accompaniment. A chicken stuffed with eggs in milk (\"tutırğan tawıq\") is a special dish for holidays. \"Bäliş\" is the oldest traditional dish combining meat and grains. Pieces of fat meat (mutton, beef, goose, or goose and duck innards) are combined with grains (millet, spelt, rice) and baked in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7744025", "score": "0.7759273", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Schnitzel", "text": "Turkey, the dish is spelled \"schnitzel,\" \"şinitzel\", or \"şnitzel,\" and pronounced in a similar way to German. It is made of chicken, and is usually served with rice, French fries, or pasta. Sometimes, it may have grilled cheese in it. It is often cooked at home, as it is an easy-to-do kind of food, but some restaurants have it on their menus. In West Ukraine (former Habsburg Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria), it is known as шніцель \"shnitsel′\"; in the rest of the country, it is called as відбивна \"vidbyvna\". It is usually made of pork, or sometimes chicken. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3767022", "score": "0.77568275", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Vine leaf roll", "text": "a variation of stuffed vine leaves where the rice is seasoned with cinnamon, allspice and mint. The dolmas are slowly cooked together with morello cherries (\"vişne\"), and plums may be used also. In a version from the Turkish chef Arda Türkmen, the rice is cooked in morello cherry juice with spices, sour pomegranate syrup (\"nar ekşisi\"), currants and toasted pine nuts. Vine leaves may also be used to wrap stuffed celery root. Before wrapping, the celery root is stuffed with rice that has been seasoned with cinnamon, salt, pepper, allspice, pine nuts and sugar. (This type of rice is called", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6763018", "score": "0.7690989", "original_retrieval_index": 31 } ]

[ "Bianca Ryan" ]

[ { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 1)", "text": "(who played music by tapping his teeth), The Douglas Lee (who played water-filled drinking glasses), and Dave Nakfoor (who caught hard-boiled eggs in his mouth). Jessica Sanchez finished as the runner-up to Phillip Phillips on the season eleven of \"American Idol\". David and Dania made a cameo on Big Brother 19. America's Got Talent (season 1) The first season of \"America's Got Talent\" premiered on June 21, 2006 and concluded on August 17, 2006. The audition tour took place in April 2006, stopping at Los Angeles, New York, and Chicago. Regis Philbin was the host for this season. David Hasselhoff,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8157433", "score": "1.1272287", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 13)", "text": "directly to the live shows and will not compete in the Judge Cuts round. In the first episode, Tyra Banks was the first to press the golden buzzer for acrobatic and dance group Zurcaroh. Simon Cowell was second to press it for 40-year-old singer Michael Ketterer. Howie Mandel was third to press it for 13 year old singer Courtney Hadwin. Mel B was fourth to press it for 15 year old singer Amanda Mena. Heidi Klum was the final judge to use the golden buzzer, using it for 15 year old singer Makayla Phillips. The Judge Cuts rounds began airing", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20650848", "score": "1.1061767", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 9)", "text": "on the live shows. \"Today Show\" hosts Matt Lauer and Savannah Guthrie announced the winner on the July 30th live results show. Guests: The Rockettes, Enrique Iglesias and Sean Paul Guests: Lindsey Stirling, Lzzy Hale Guests: Kenichi Ebina, Taylor Williamson Guests: Taylor Williamson and The Illusionists Guest: Ariana Grande Snapple Save: America was allowed to vote for a contestant during each of the live semifinal shows via Google, saving them from getting eliminated. The acts that could be saved are those who finished in fifth, sixth and seventh place. At the end of the show, Nick Cannon announced who was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17632422", "score": "1.1021478", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 1)", "text": "Spring, Sugar n' Spice, Jessica Sanchez, N'Versity, Rabbi Baptiste, George Kelly, Andy Chitanga, Conrad Wright, Shawn Ryan, Sean and John, Natasha Le, Realis, Caitlyn Taylor Love, Marla and Michelle, Hell If I Know, Jesschelle, Trey Knight's Stilt World, Hoopalicious, and Desperation Squad. Acts that were eliminated include: Acts that advanced to the second round include: Seven additional acts from New York that also made it to the second round were briefly shown at the end of the show, since there were too many performers to fit into a one-hour episode. They include: The Hemphill Kids, Clarence Donaldson, Ten13 Concept, Billy", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8157426", "score": "1.1007721", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 12)", "text": "of the show was the same as in season eleven, and Dunkin Donuts sponsors the show for a third consecutive season. A guest judge joined the panel for each episode of the Judge Cuts round: Chris Hardwick, DJ Khaled, Laverne Cox and Seal. Darci Lynne Farmer was named the winner on the season finale, September 20, 2017. She was the third ventriloquist, third child and third female to win a season of \"America's Got Talent\". 10-year-old singer Angelica Hale placed second, and glow light dance troupe Light Balance came in third. Farmer won the show's prize of $1 million and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19733838", "score": "1.0928197", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent", "text": "This marks the second magician to win. Acrobatic group Zurcaroh and violinist Brian King Joseph came in second and third place respectively. Stand-up comedian Samuel J. Comroe and singer Michael Ketterer rounded out the top 5. \"America's Got Talent Live\" is a show on the Las Vegas Strip that features the winner of each season of \"America's Got Talent\" as the main performance. In 2009, \"America's Got Talent Live\" appeared on the Las Vegas Strip appearing Wednesday through Sunday at the Planet Hollywood Resort and Casino in Las Vegas, in a limited ten-week run from October through January featuring winner", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7633702", "score": "1.088838", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Butterscotch (performer)", "text": "She gained national exposure in 2007 when she appeared on the second season of \"America's Got Talent\". She both sang and beatboxed, as well as a combination of the two while playing the piano, for her performances. The judges passed Butterscotch through several episodes and she was voted back by the viewers several times. She was in the final four (the last stage of the competition before the winner is announced), before being voted out by the viewers on the show which aired August 20, 2007. Official site http://www.butterscotchmusic.com Butterscotch (performer) Antoinette Clinton (born September 29, 1985), known by her", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10754741", "score": "1.0854974", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 8)", "text": "shows from Radio City Music Hall in New York, after moving from the New Jersey Performing Arts Center last year. The 2013 winner was Kenichi Ebina, the first mime and the first foreign act to win the competition. The runner-up was comedian Taylor Williamson and singer/guitarist Jimmy Rose announced in third place. Sharon Osbourne initially stated that she would not return for season eight, but later said that she was staying with the show \"for now.\" Osbourne confirmed that she would be leaving the show after a feud with NBC on August 6, 2012. Following her departure, Osbourne returned to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16655156", "score": "1.0824251", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 2)", "text": "Performance: July 24, 2007 Result: July 31, 2007 Performance: July 31, 2007 Result: August 7, 2007 Performance: August 7, 2007 Result: August 14, 2007 Performance: August 14, 2007 Result: August 21, 2007 America's Got Talent (season 2) The second season of America's Got Talent, an American television reality show talent competition, premiered on the NBC network on June 5, 2007 with a two-hour episode. Tabloid talk show host Jerry Springer succeeded Regis Philbin as host. Piers Morgan and David Hasselhoff returned as judges, joined by newcomer Sharon Osbourne. Brandy Norwood voluntarily stepped down as judge after a wrongful death lawsuit", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8483064", "score": "1.0758744", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 1)", "text": "The first season of America's Got Talent premiered on June 21, 2006 and concluded on August 17, 2006. The audition tour took place in April 2006, stopping at Los Angeles, New York, and Chicago. Regis Philbin was the host for this season. David Hasselhoff, Brandy Norwood, and Piers Morgan were the judges. This season's winner was Bianca Ryan.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 5)", "text": "show is once again hosted by Nick Cannon with Sharon Osbourne and Piers Morgan as judges. Piers Morgan announced on \"The Tonight Show with Jay Leno\" on July 27, 2010 that he signed a three year contract to stay on \"Talent\". America's Got Talent (season 5) The fifth season of America's Got Talent, an American television reality show talent competition, premiered in the United States on the NBC network and on Canada's Global on June 1, 2010. Soul singer Michael Grimm was named the winner on May 26, 2011, beating 10-year-old classical crossover singer Jackie Evancho. The season 5 selection", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14605877", "score": "1.0693253", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Jessica Sanchez", "text": "Jessica Sanchez Jessica Elizabeth Sanchez (born August 4, 1995) is an American singer and songwriter originally from Chula Vista, California. She was the runner-up on the eleventh season of the reality show \"American Idol\". Prior to appearing on \"American Idol\", Sanchez competed in the first season of \"America's Got Talent\" at the age of 11. Jessica Elizabeth Sanchez was born in Chula Vista, California on August 4, 1995 to parents, Edita (née Bugay) and Gilbert Sanchez. She was raised in Eastlake, Chula Vista along with two younger brothers. Her mother is a Filipina whose family is from Samal, Bataan in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16338274", "score": "1.0680633", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Alexis Jordan", "text": "Alexis Jordan Alexis Jordan (born April 7, 1992) is an American singer and actress from Columbia, South Carolina. Jordan rose to fame as a contestant on the first season of \"America's Got Talent\" in 2006 at the age of 14. After being eliminated from the show, she began to upload cover songs to YouTube, which received millions of views. The exposure led Jordan to the attention of Norwegian production team Stargate and American rapper Jay Z, who both went on to sign her to their joint label, StarRoc. Her debut single, \"Happiness\", was released in September 2010, a feel good", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14665127", "score": "1.0660493", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 12)", "text": "Other celebrity appearances included Marlee Matlin and Jeff Dunham. The following chart describes the acts, appearances and segments presented during the finale. America's Got Talent (season 12) Season twelve of the reality competition series \"America's Got Talent\" was ordered on August 2, 2016 and premiered on NBC on Tuesday, May 30, 2017. Howie Mandel, Mel B, Heidi Klum and Simon Cowell returned as judges for their respective eighth, fifth, fifth and second seasons. Supermodel and businesswoman Tyra Banks replaced Nick Cannon, who hosted for eight seasons, making her the first female host of the show and the second female to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19733848", "score": "1.0645214", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent", "text": "Chicago, Dallas, Los Angeles, New York, Orlando, and Portland (Oregon). Non-televised producers' auditions were also held in Atlanta and Philadelphia. For the first time, online auditions were also held via YouTube. David Hasselhoff left to host a new television show and was replaced by comedian and game show host Howie Mandel. This made Piers Morgan the only original judge left in the show. The show premiered Tuesday, June 1, 2010, at 8 pm ET. Afterward, \"Talent\" resumed the same time slot as the previous season. On September 15, singer Michael Grimm was named the winner. He won a $1 million", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7633682", "score": "1.0641959", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 5)", "text": "got to meet with and have a dinner and drinks with the judges, who offered advice to the contestants. The results show aired on Thursday, May 19, 2011 at 12:00am (1 hour) and featured performances from Sarah McLachlan and the cast of \"American Idiot\", determining who made the top four spots in the finals. Singing sensation Susan Boyle, who was a contestant on the third series of \"Got Talent\"'s sister show \"Britain's Got Talent\", was scheduled to perform at the results show but was not able to. The producers of the show had not been given the rights to the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14605874", "score": "1.0619906", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 5)", "text": "America's Got Talent (season 5) The fifth season of America's Got Talent, an American television reality show talent competition, premiered in the United States on the NBC network and on Canada's Global on June 1, 2010. Soul singer Michael Grimm was named the winner on May 26, 2011, beating 10-year-old classical crossover singer Jackie Evancho. The season 5 selection process appears to carry over that of the past two seasons, but the Las Vegas Round was changed to that of the second and third seasons, which gave the performers a second chance to showcase their act. Instead of an audition", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14605864", "score": "1.0596511", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent", "text": "Kevin Skinner, runner-up Barbara Padilla and fourth-place finisher The Texas Tenors. It featured the final ten acts which made it to the season four (2009) finale. Jerry Springer emceed, commuting weekly between Stamford, Connecticut, tapings of his self-named show and Las Vegas. In 2010, on the first live show of season five, the winner headlined \"America's Got Talent Live\" from Caesars Palace Casino and Resort on the Las Vegas Strip, which was part of a 25-city tour that featured the season's finalists. Jerry Springer returned as both host of the tour and the headliner of the show. In 2012, the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7633703", "score": "1.0592755", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 2)", "text": "America's Got Talent (season 2) The second season of America's Got Talent, an American television reality show talent competition, premiered on the NBC network on June 5, 2007 with a two-hour episode. Tabloid talk show host Jerry Springer succeeded Regis Philbin as host. Piers Morgan and David Hasselhoff returned as judges, joined by newcomer Sharon Osbourne. Brandy Norwood voluntarily stepped down as judge after a wrongful death lawsuit was brought against her for her involvement in a fatal car collision. The second season of the show was originally announced to debut in January 2007, with a timeslot of Sunday nights", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8483054", "score": "1.0549963", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 9)", "text": "America's Got Talent (season 9) Season nine of the reality competition series \"America's Got Talent\" premiered on May 27, 2014 and was won by magician Mat Franco. Nick Cannon returned for his sixth season as host. This is Howie Mandel's fifth season, Howard Stern's third season, and Mel B and Heidi Klum both returned for their second season on the judging panel. The live shows were shot from Radio City Music Hall in New York. The season ended on September 17, 2014. Emily West took second place while Acro Army, a gymnastics group, took third place. On April 8, 2014,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17632413", "score": "1.0525502", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent", "text": "September 16, Paul Zerdin was announced the winner of the season, making him the second ventriloquist to win. Comedian Drew Lynch was runner-up, and magician mentalist Oz Pearlman was in Third Place. \"America's Got Talent\" was renewed for an eleventh season on September 1, 2015. The season would have preliminary open call auditions in Detroit, New York, Phoenix, Salt Lake City, Las Vegas, San Jose, San Diego, Kansas City, Los Angeles, Atlanta, Orlando, and Dallas. As in years past, hopeful contestants may also submit auditions online. On October 22, 2015, it was announced that creator Simon Cowell would replace Howard", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7633697", "score": "1.0515658", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 4)", "text": "is the list of the acts who passed through to the live rounds. America's Got Talent (season 4) The fourth season of \"America's Got Talent\", an American television reality show talent competition, premiered on the NBC network on June 23, 2009. Country singer Kevin Skinner was named the winner on September 16, 2009. This season is the first season to be broadcast in high definition. This season's host is Nick Cannon, who replaced Jerry Springer. Springer had said that he could not host due to other commitments. David Hasselhoff, Piers Morgan and Sharon Osbourne returned judges, despite rumors that Osbourne", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13363568", "score": "1.0514033", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent", "text": "a dispute between Paul O'Grady, the planned host, and the British broadcaster ITV; production of this edition later resumed in 2007. The show attracts a variety of participants, from across the United States and abroad, to take part and who possess some form of talents, with acts ranging from singing, dancing, comedy, magic, stunts, variety, and other genres. Each participant who auditions attempts to secure a place in the live episodes of a season by impressing a panel of judges - the current line-up consists of Cowell, Howie Mandel, Mel B, and Heidi Klum. Those that make it into the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7633657", "score": "1.0509346", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Kenichi Ebina", "text": "during the finals on September 17, he was announced the winner of the eighth season of \"America's Got Talent\" on September 18, 2013. He was also the first dance and first foreign act to win the competition. On the Season 9 Quarterfinal results show on August 13, 2014, Kenichi returned as a guest, performing a routine based on his audition performance, while interacting with versions of himself with superimposed faces of Heidi and Howie. The performance was also a demonstration of the app he is working on (apparently titled \"Dance-ish Me\") to be released in September, although no other specifics", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11639917", "score": "1.0502052", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 1)", "text": "Januario, The King Charles Unicycle Troupe, Aaron Burr, and Daniel Colin. Acts that were eliminated include: Acts that advanced to the second round include: Three additional acts from Chicago that also made it to the second round were briefly shown at the end of the show, since there were too many performers to fit into a one-hour episode. They include: K Turbo, Sonia Lee, and Chadwick. Acts that were eliminated include: At this point, 58 of the 61 acts (29 with televised auditions and 29 without) that made it to the semifinals were divided into four groups. The 14 or", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8157427", "score": "1.0493238", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 13)", "text": "America's Got Talent (season 13) Season thirteen of the reality competition series \"America's Got Talent\" premiered on May 29, 2018, on NBC. Howie Mandel, Mel B, Heidi Klum and Simon Cowell returned as judges for their respective ninth, sixth, sixth, and third seasons. Meanwhile, Tyra Banks returned for her second season as host. The live shows returned to the Dolby Theatre, beginning August 14, 2018. \"AGT\" is co-produced by FremantleMedia North America and Syco Entertainment, Cowell's company. Dunkin Donuts is a sponsor for a fourth consecutive season. Shin Lim was named the winner on the season finale, September 19, 2018.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20650846", "score": "1.0486038", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent", "text": "eighth season, the winner was also made the headline act of a national tour with runners up following the final show, stopping in 25 cities. For season nine, however (2014), there was no tour; two shows were held in Las Vegas for the winner and some of the runner-up acts. (See \"#America's Got Talent Live\", below.) In its first season, the judging panel consisted originally of David Hasselhoff, Brandy Norwood, and Piers Morgan, with the program hosted by Regis Philbin. Prior to the start of the second season, Norwood was forced to step down due to a legal matter she", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7633670", "score": "1.048417", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Angelica Hale", "text": "lives in Atlanta, Georgia. She has a younger sister, Abigail, who was born while Hale was still competing on \"America's Got Talent\". Hale continues to have quarterly checkups with her doctors. Angelica Hale Angelica Hale (born July 31, 2007) is an American child singer from Atlanta, Georgia. She competed in the 12th season of \"America's Got Talent\", where she became the runner-up. Angelica Hale was born to James Hale and Eva Bolando on July 31, 2007, in Atlanta, Georgia. James is reportedly half Filipino, half Caucasian, while Eva is from Iligan City, Philippines. At the age of four, Hale contracted", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20354586", "score": "1.0478092", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "America's Got Talent (season 2)", "text": "at 8 p.m.; however, the network substituted another reality talent show, \"\". This season's winner was a ventriloquist and impressionist Terry Fator. The audition process for the second season is very similar to that of the first, except that only a buzzer sounds when the X is pressed. When all the judges X's have been pressed, a lonely blue spotlight centers on the act, indicating they've been struck out. Unlike the previous season, the acts who pass the auditions then attend a Las Vegas boot camp, where they have a chance to perfect their craft. At this point, acts are", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8483055", "score": "1.0475323", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Tourettes Without Regrets", "text": "her appearance on NBC's \"America's Got Talent\" as a finalist. Ellen DeGeneres was so impressed with her skills she invited Butterscotch to perform on her show where she amazed the crowd singing, playing the piano and beatboxing. Prior to America’s Got Talent, Butterscotch claimed titles as both the first International Female Beatbox Battle World Champion and the West Coast Beatbox Champion for both genders. Butterscotch has made such an impact on young women, she was even the inspiration of a teenage girl to be transformed into a beatboxer on MTV’s MADE. NBC Bay Area Tourettes Without Regrets in Oakland \"The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16995234", "score": "1.0452981", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "83", "more than 80" ]

[ { "title": "One Piece", "text": "for an English-language release in North America in 2004, before the license was dropped and subsequently acquired by Funimation in 2007. \"One Piece\" has received praise for its storytelling, art, characterization, and humor. Several volumes of the manga have broken publishing records, including the highest initial print run of any book in Japan. The official website for Eiichiro Oda's \"One Piece\" manga announced that the manga has set a \"Guinness World Record\" for \"the most copies published for the same comic book series by a single author\". As of May 2018, the manga has sold over 440 million copies worldwide,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277719", "score": "1.092488", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "manga was nominated for Favorite Manga Series in \"Nickelodeon Magazine\"s 2009 Comics Awards. In 2012, \"One Piece\" won the 41st Japan Cartoonists Association Award Grand Prize, alongside Kimuchi Yokoyama's \"Nekodarake Nice\". \"Da Vinci\" magazine named \"One Piece\" number three on their list of 2013's top manga, which was voted on 4,619 professional book reviewers, bookstore employees, and \"Da Vinci\" readers. On June 15, 2015, it was announced that Eiichiro Oda and \"One Piece\" had set the Guinness World Record for \"The most copies published for the same comic book series by a single author\" with 320,866,000 copies printed worldwide as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277770", "score": "1.0854807", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "television adaptation of Eiichiro Oda's \"One Piece\" manga series as part of the series' 20th anniversary celebrations. Eiichiro Oda will serve as executive producer for the series alongside Tomorrow Studios CEO Adelstein and Becky Clements. The series will reportedly begin with the East Blue arc. \"One Piece\" is the best-selling manga series in history; it sold 100 million collected \"tankōbon\" volumes by February 2005, and over 200 million by February 2011, before selling over 365 million copies sold in Japan and 440 million copies worldwide as of May 2018. According to Oricon, \"One Piece\" has been the best-selling manga series", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277758", "score": "1.0563824", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "One Piece discography", "text": "One Piece discography A number of musical CDs have been created for the media franchise built around Eiichirō Oda's manga \"One Piece\". Various theme songs and character songs were released on a total of 49 singles. Many of them were also released in collected form on the eight compilation albums or the 16 soundtrack CDs, along with background music from the anime television series, the series' feature films, and video games. The anime television series currently consists of 36 pieces of theme music; eighteen opening themes and eighteen ending themes. As of episode 279, ending themes were omitted and, starting", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12808026", "score": "1.0488675", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "in the category Favorite Anime Series. In a 2005 web poll by Japanese television network TV Asahi \"One Piece\" was voted 6th most popular animated TV series. Before the poll, Asahi TV broadcast another list based on a nationwide survey in which \"One Piece\" placed 4th among teenagers. In 2006, it was elected 32nd of the Top 100 Japanese anime by TV Asahi and 21st by its viewers. Funimation's first DVD release of the series \"One Piece: Season 1 First Voyage\" was nominated for the Fifth Annual TV DVD Awards. One Piece The manga has been adapted into an original", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277772", "score": "1.0421344", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "One Piece (video game)", "text": "One Piece (video game) One Piece also referred to as Shonen Jump's One Piece is a 2-D platforming beat 'em up video game for the Nintendo Game Boy Advance based on the 4kids dub of the \"One Piece\" anime. Developed by Dimps and published by Bandai, it was released on September 7, 2005. It is the only One Piece game to be only released in the USA, and the first out of two to not see a release in Japan. \"Follow the adventures of Monkey D. Luffy and the Straw Hat Pirates and explore the Grand Line in search of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11011099", "score": "1.0367751", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "for the \"One Piece\" series have been released. The first art book, \"One Piece: Color Walk 1\", released June 2001, was also released in English by Viz Media on November 8, 2005. A second art book, \"One Piece: Color Walk 2\", was released on November 4, 2003; and \"One Piece: Color Walk 3 – Lion\" the third art book, was released January 5, 2006. The fourth art book, subtitled \"Eagle\", was released on March 4, 2010, and \"One Piece: Shark\", the fifth art book, was released on December 3, 2010. The first guidebook \"One Piece: Red – Grand Characters\" was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277754", "score": "1.034193", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "One Piece discography", "text": "a \"usual mix of trumpeting pirate bombast, rocking action music, and catchy individual themes\". Margaret Veira of Active Anime states that the anime television series's \"background music sets the mood and the scenes perfectly.\" One Piece discography A number of musical CDs have been created for the media franchise built around Eiichirō Oda's manga \"One Piece\". Various theme songs and character songs were released on a total of 49 singles. Many of them were also released in collected form on the eight compilation albums or the 16 soundtrack CDs, along with background music from the anime television series, the series'", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12808028", "score": "1.0300919", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "Tokyo Tower called the Tokyo One Piece Tower, which includes the Mugiwara Cafe, opened on March 13, 2015. Other \"One Piece\" media include a trading card game by Bandai called \"One Piece CCG\" and a drama CD centering on the character of Nefertari Vivi released by Avex Trax on December 26, 2002. A Hello Kitty-inspired Chopper was used for several pieces of merchandise as a collaboration between \"One Piece\" and Hello Kitty. A kabuki play inspired by \"One Piece\" ran at Tokyo's Shinbashi Enbujō throughout October and November 2015. \"One Piece\" is the first-ever manga series to hold a \"Dome", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277756", "score": "1.0230943", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "List of One Piece manga volumes", "text": "that has been translated into various languages and spawned a substantial media franchise. It follows the adventures of the seventeen-year-old boy Monkey D. Luffy, whose body gains the properties of rubber from accidentally eating a supernatural fruit, as he travels the oceans in search of the series' titular treasure and gathers himself a diverse crew of pirates, named the Straw Hats. In Japan, the series is published by Shueisha—chapterwise in the manga anthology Weekly Shōnen Jump since July 22, 1997, and in tankōbon format since December 24, 1997. The series spans over 800 chapters and more than 80 tankōbon volumes.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "and twelfth films for release in North America, and these films have received in-house dubs by the company. The \"One Piece\" franchise has been adapted into multiple video games published by subsidiaries of Bandai and later as part of Bandai Namco Entertainment. The games have been released on a variety of video game, handheld consoles, and mobile devices. The video games feature role-playing games, and fighting games, such as the titles of the \"Grand Battle!\" meta-series. The series debuted in Japan on July 19, 2000, with \"\". Over forty games have been produced based on the franchise. Additionally, \"One Piece\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277750", "score": "1.0214144", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "of bestselling comics for April/May 2007 and numerous times on \"The New York Times\" Manga Best Seller list. On \"ICv2\"s list of Top 25 Manga Properties Fall 2008 for North America, which is compiled by interviews with retailers and distributors, Nielsen BookScan's Top 20 Lists of graphic novels and \"ICv2\"s own analysis of information provided by Diamond Comic Distributors, \"One Piece\" came in 15th place. It rose to second place on their Top 25 Manga Properties Q3 2010 list. Allen Divers of Anime News Network comments in 2003 that the art style \"One Piece\" employs \"initially seems very cartoonish with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277761", "score": "1.0201072", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "series' intended demographic is not interested. Written and illustrated by Eiichiro Oda, \"One Piece\" has been serialized in the manga anthology \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\" since July 22, 1997. The chapters have been collected into \"tankōbon\" volumes by Shueisha since December 24, 1997. In total, there are 914 chapters and 89 \"tankōbon\" volumes. Oda teamed up with Akira Toriyama to create a single crossover of \"One Piece\" and Toriyama's \"Dragon Ball\". Entitled \"Cross Epoch\", the one-shot was published in the December 25, 2006, issue of \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\" and the April 2011 issue of the English \"Shonen Jump\". Oda collaborated with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277735", "score": "1.0195953", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "manga: 2.85 million copies. Volume 57's print run of 3 million copies in 2010 was the highest first print for any book of any subject in Japan—a record that was broken several times by subsequent volumes and currently held by Volume 67's 4.05 million initial printing in 2012. Volume 60 was the first book to sell over two million copies in its opening week on Oricon book rankings, and later became the first book to sell over three million copies since the chart began in 2008. \"One Piece\" has also sold well in North America, charting on \"Publishers Weekly\"s list", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277760", "score": "1.0078783", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "series. The first of these short stories was published in August 1996 in \"Akamaru Jump\" and later in \"One Piece Red\". The second was published in the 41st issue of \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\" in 1996, and reprinted in 1998 in Oda's short story collection, \"Wanted!\". Oda revealed that he originally planned \"One Piece\" to last five years, and that he had already planned the ending. However, he found it would take longer than he had expected. Oda stated that the ending would be what he had decided in the beginning; he is committed to seeing it through. When creating a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277731", "score": "1.0078076", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "every year since 2008 when the company began its manga chart, and it became the best-selling manga for the tenth consecutive year in 2017. Due to promotions for the \"Strong World\" film, all 56 volumes of the manga released at the time charted on Oricon's list of the top 200 manga for the week of December 7–13, 2009. Up until February 2012, \"One Piece\" had grossed at least ($1,404,220,000) in manga \"tankōbon\" sales revenue. Additionally, individual volumes of \"One Piece\" have broken publishing and sales records in Japan. In 2009, Volume 56 had the highest initial print run of any", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277759", "score": "1.0000248", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "One Piece The manga has been adapted into an original video animation (OVA) produced by Production I.G in 1998, and an anime series produced by Toei Animation, which began broadcasting in Japan in 1999. Additionally, Toei has developed thirteen animated feature films, one OVA and eleven television specials. Several companies have developed various types of merchandising such as a trading card game and numerous video games. The manga series was licensed for an English language release in North America and the United Kingdom by Viz Media and in Australia by Madman Entertainment. The anime series was licensed by 4Kids Entertainment", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277718", "score": "0.99105823", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "of December 2014. The first opening of the \"One Piece\" anime television series, \"We Are!\", won the Animation Kobe Theme Song Award of the year 2000. In February 2001, \"One Piece\" placed 9th among anime television series in Japan. In 2001, the readers of \"Animage\", a popular Japanese anime magazine, voted the anime television series in 5th place of The Readers' Picks for the Anime that should be remembered in the 21st Century. In June 2002, \"Animage\" readers voted \"One Piece\" to be the 16th best new anime of the year 2001, and gave it another 16th place in 2004", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277771", "score": "0.98959994", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "based on the \"One Piece\" series have been released in Japan. The films are typically released in March in accordance with the spring vacation of Japanese schools. The films feature self-contained, completely original plots, or alternate retellings of story arcs with animation of a higher quality than what the weekly anime allows. The first three films were typically double features paired up with other anime films, and were thus, usually an hour or less in length. The films themselves offer contradictions in both chronology and design that make them incompatible with a single continuity. Funimation has licensed the eighth, tenth,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277749", "score": "0.9884532", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "One Piece: Pirate Warriors", "text": "game has sold over 1.2 million units. One Piece: Pirate Warriors One Piece: Warriors is an action video game developed by Omega Force and published by Bandai Namco Games for PlayStation 3. It was released on March 1, 2012, in Japan, September 21, 2012, in Europe and September 25, 2012, in North America. The game was developed in commemoration of the 15th anniversary of the \"One Piece\" manga and anime franchise by Eiichiro Oda. \"Pirate Warriors\" was also the first title in the \"One Piece\" video game franchise which was released on a PlayStation system since \"\" in 2006. As", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16183203", "score": "0.98406327", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "making it the best-selling manga series in history. It became the best-selling manga for the tenth consecutive year in 2017. The series focuses on Monkey D. Luffy, a young man who, inspired by his childhood idol and powerful pirate \"Red Haired\" Shanks, sets off on a journey from the East Blue Sea to find the famed treasure One Piece and proclaim himself the King of the Pirates. In an effort to organize his own crew, the , Luffy rescues and befriends a swordsman named Roronoa Zoro, and they head off in search of the One Piece. They are joined in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277720", "score": "0.98360145", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "film, certain episodes of the anime television series, and all but the first feature film. They feature artwork by Oda and are written by Tatsuya Hamasaki. The first of these novels, \"One Piece: Defeat The Pirate Ganzak!\" was released on June 3, 1999. \"One Piece: Logue Town Chapter\" followed on July 17, 2000, as an adaptation of the anime television series' Logue Town story arc. The first feature film to be adapted was \"Clockwork Island Adventure\" on March 19, 2001. On December 25, 2001, saw the publication of the second, and so far last, light novel adaptation of an anime", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277752", "score": "0.9730907", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "One Piece: World Seeker", "text": "One Piece: World Seeker One Piece: World Seeker is an action-adventure video game based on the manga and anime series \"One Piece\". Developed by Ganbarion and published by Bandai Namco Entertainment, the game will be the first video game in the franchise to feature an open world environment. The game is scheduled to be released on March 15, 2019 for PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Microsoft Windows. Characters that will appear in the game will include the entire Straw Hat crew, Akainu, Tashigi, Smoker, Sabo, Rob Lucci, and Ichiji, Niji, and Yonji from Germa 66. The game will feature the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20495818", "score": "0.96526986", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Omamori Himari", "text": "Volume 64 of \"One Piece\", which has been on the list for three weeks straight. \"Omamori Himari\" has also been featured on Nielsen BookScan's Best-Selling Graphic Novels List, with Volume 7 debuting at No. 22 between May 14, 2012 and May 20, 2012 before the volume's official release, No. 14 between May 21, 2012 and May 27, 2012 on its first week of sales, and No. 21 between May 28, 2012 and June 3, 2012 on its second week of sales, selling a total of 1,270 copies. Omamori Himari , also known as for short, is a Japanese manga series", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11652036", "score": "0.9616638", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "September 18, 2004, in first-run syndication on the Fox network as part of the weekend programming block Fox Box, and later aired on Cartoon Network on their weekday afternoon programming block Toonami in April 2005. Production was halted in 2006 after episode 143/104. Viz also ceased its home video release of the series after volume 11. On July 22, 2010, an interview with Anime News Network and Mark Kirk, senior vice-president of digital media for 4Kids Entertainment, revealed that 4Kids acquired \"One Piece\" as part of a package deal with other anime, and that the company did not screen the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277744", "score": "0.95564675", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "One Piece Film: Strong World", "text": "\"manga\" anthology that has been publishing \"One Piece\" ever since the series' premiere, the magazine announced that it would publish the prequel to the film's story, depicting a confrontation between the Pirate King Gol D. Roger and Shiki the Golden Lion, which the first 1.5 million Japanese moviegoers where promised to receive in form of a \"One Piece\" \"manga\" \"Volume 0\", in its 53rd issue and that it will eventually be animated. The \"One Piece\" anime television series' episodes 426 through 429 formed a sub-series of special episodes depicting a prelude to the events in the film. Commemorating the release", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14267678", "score": "0.9492279", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "The New York Times Manga Best Sellers of 2010", "text": "of life story, \"D.Gray-man\" contains demon-slaying, while \"Otomen\" is a romance series. Viz Media also introduced an aggressive release schedule for \"One Piece\" in 2010, releasing five volumes per month between January and June to bring the volume count of the English release from 24 to 53. On two separate occasions, five \"One Piece\" volumes (39–43 in week 15 and 44–48 in week 19) debuted on the Best Seller list simultaneously. Week 19 was also the first time a \"Naruto\" release did not appear in the top ten rankings. Weeks are numbered according to the convention used in the United", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16286875", "score": "0.9482013", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "One Piece: Pirate Warriors", "text": "One Piece: Pirate Warriors One Piece: Warriors is an action video game developed by Omega Force and published by Bandai Namco Games for PlayStation 3. It was released on March 1, 2012, in Japan, September 21, 2012, in Europe and September 25, 2012, in North America. The game was developed in commemoration of the 15th anniversary of the \"One Piece\" manga and anime franchise by Eiichiro Oda. \"Pirate Warriors\" was also the first title in the \"One Piece\" video game franchise which was released on a PlayStation system since \"\" in 2006. As with the rest of the franchise, \"Pirate", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16183194", "score": "0.9478141", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "times when children are likely to watch. The \"One Piece\" manga was a finalist for the Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prize three times in a row from 2000 to 2002, with the highest number of fan nominations in the first two years. The German translation of its 44th volume won the Sondermann audience award in the international manga category, a yearly comic award given in seven categories by the Frankfurt Book Fair, the \"Frankfurter Rundschau\", \"Spiegel Online\" and Comicforum, at the Fair's Comics Centre in 2005. In a 2008 poll by Oricon, Japanese teenagers voted it the most interesting manga. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277769", "score": "0.9475544", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "One Piece", "text": "themselves. This Haki can also have physical impacts, such as causing tremors and destruction to the user's surrounding area. It is shown that when it is used too much Haki will stop working for certain periods of time, so it can't be in use constantly. While working as an assistant to Nobuhiro Watsuki, Oda began writing \"One Piece\" in 1996. It started as two one-shot stories entitled \"Romance Dawn\"—which would later be used as the title for \"One Piece\"s first chapter and volume. They both featured the character of Luffy, and included elements that would appear later in the main", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2277730", "score": "0.9417609", "original_retrieval_index": 28 } ]

[ "2010" ]

[ { "title": "Georgia State Panthers", "text": "as independents for three years before joining the TAAC. Once Georgia State entered the CAA, a recurring question of whether the university should add football was brought up, leading to the commissioning of a feasibility study in 2006. After gauging student and alumni interest, the administration found enough support to continue onwards with the effort, leading to the hire of former Atlanta Falcons head coach Dan Reeves as a consultant. This culminated in the official launch of the football program on April 17, 2008. Due to GSU's membership as a part of the CAA, membership into the football division of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10262500", "score": "1.061742", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Georgia State Panthers football", "text": "extensive history of football than Georgia State, restarting its program in 1981 and winning six national championships at the FCS level. The football rivalry began after the hire of former Appalachian State (a major rival of Georgia Southern) athletic director Charlie Cobb to the same position at GSU. During Georgia State's press release introducing Cobb, he revealed that Georgia Southern's athletic director Tom Kleinlein told him \"welcome, now the war is on.\" The two teams met on the gridiron during the 2014 football season at the Georgia Dome. During the run up to the game, fans from both teams expressed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12490198", "score": "1.053168", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Georgia State Panthers football", "text": "for Georgia Southern in school history. Currently, Georgia State leads Georgia Southern, 3-1. While GSU already had a history with Georgia Southern before the emergence of football, the schools entry into the Sun Belt Conference would start an intense football rivalry. After the first season of play between the two teams in 2014 with Georgia Southern beating Georgia State 69-31, it was agreed by both universities athletic departments to introduce a rivalry series, with points allocated for each sport played between the two schools. Georgia State would win the first and second years of the rivalry series, with the Panthers", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12490200", "score": "1.025468", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "1902 Florida State College football team", "text": "Their pants were lightly padded, but their upper bodies were largely unprotected. Leather helmets with ear guards covered their heads, and shoehorn-shaped metal nose guards were strapped across their faces. The red and white clad Bainbridge Giants arrived by train, and they reportedly hoped to “hammer the life” out of Florida State. The Giants were “much heavier” than Florida State and had four football veterans from the University of Georgia, as well as one University of Virginia alumnus. The two teams trotted onto the field at 3:30 p.m. According to a reporter from the \"Weekly Tallahasseean\", Florida State moved the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19037241", "score": "1.0247048", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Florida–Georgia football rivalry", "text": "situation at the Gators' own 29-yard-line, coach Doug Dickey decided to go for the first down rather than punt. Gators running back Earl Carr was stopped short by Bulldogs safety Johnny Henderson. Led by quarterback Ray Goff's game management and running back Kevin McLee's 198-yard rushing performance, the Bulldogs seized the momentum and scored three touchdowns on their way to a come-from-behind 41–27 win. After the game, Dickey said: \"We were not outplayed. We were outcoached. I made some dumb calls.\" Sports writers seized on Dickey's \"mea culpa\", and in subsequent months and years popularized the phrase \"fourth and dumb\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2411481", "score": "1.0214068", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Georgia State Panthers football", "text": "by 2012 would be $3.1 million. On April 15, 2007, former Atlanta Falcons head coach Dan Reeves was hired by Georgia State as a consultant. On November 1, 2007, the university began discussing the possibility of adding football. It found that total costs would cost between $6.2 million and $33.8 million depending on several different factors, including whether a stadium would be built or a preexisting stadium would be used. On April 17, 2008, Georgia State launched its football program. On June 12, 2008, former Georgia Tech, Alabama, and Kentucky head coach Bill Curry was named as the Georgia State", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12490181", "score": "1.0182481", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Georgia State Panthers", "text": "1990; Georgia State became a university in 1969). Also, Georgia State's URL and official logo's both contain the acronym. Georgia Southern, however, claims right of ownership since they have had a football team for a much longer time than Georgia State, and during that time managed to win 6 national championships at the FCS level. It should be noted that Georgia Southern doesn't officially recognize GSU as an abbreviation for the school, actively discouraging it in its identification standards, and generally uses GS in their own branding. The beginning of the football rivalry was initiated after the hire of former", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10262507", "score": "1.0163609", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Florida–Georgia football rivalry", "text": "Crabtree and Royce Goodbread. With Florida holding a commanding lead in fourth quarter, jubilant Gator fans prematurely rushed the field to tear down the goal posts, resulting in fist fights breaking out between supporters of the two schools. Order was restored, the game was completed, and Florida earned its first victory in the series by the score of 26–6. Georgia's All-American back Frank Sinkwich had broken his jaw in a game earlier in the season, but that didn't keep him off the field. Wearing a custom-made chinstrap attached to his helmet, Sinkwich ran 31 times for 142 and two touchdowns", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2411467", "score": "1.0163289", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "1897 Georgia Bulldogs football team", "text": "Bulldogs. In the second half of that game, a Georgia fullback named Richard Vonalbade (\"Von\") Gammon, was fatally injured in a play. In reaction to his death, the Georgia, Georgia Tech and Mercer football teams disbanded, the \"Atlanta Journal\" ran a headline proclaiming, the \"\"Death Knell of Football\"\" and the Georgia legislature passed a bill to outlaw football in the state of Georgia. As the bill sat on the desk of Georgia Governor William Yates Atkinson, a letter that Gammon's mother, Rosalind Burns Gammon, had written to the state legislature was revealed. In her letter, she pleaded with the legislators", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9331805", "score": "1.0162228", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Georgia State Panthers football", "text": "The Georgia State Panthers football team is the college football program for Georgia State University in Atlanta, Georgia. The Panthers football team was founded in 2010 and currently competes at the NCAA Division I FBS level. The team is a member of the Sun Belt Conference.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Georgia State Panthers", "text": "Appalachian State (a major rival of Georgia Southern) athletic director Charlie Cobb to the same position at GSU. During Georgia State's press release introducing Cobb, he revealed that Georgia Southern's athletic director Tom Kleinlein told him \"welcome, now the war is on.\" The two teams met on the gridiron during the 2014 football season at Georgia Dome. During the run up to the game, fans from both teams expressed their dislike for the other over social media outlets such as Twitter, at times trending with tags of \"SouthernNotState\" and \"StateNotSouthern\" both of which were used as slogans for shirts given", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10262508", "score": "1.0099144", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "2017 Georgia State Panthers football team", "text": "home game against Memphis was cancelled when the AAC bought out the contract between the schools for $1.1 million to reschedule a conference game between Memphis and UCF that was cancelled during the second week of the season due to Hurricane Irma. 2017 Georgia State Panthers football team The 2017 Georgia State Panthers football team represented Georgia State University (GSU) in the 2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Panthers were led by first-year head coach Shawn Elliott. The season marked the first in which they played in the newly acquired Georgia State Stadium, a renovated Turner Field with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20025868", "score": "1.009154", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "2014 Florida State Seminoles football team", "text": "same job at the University of Georgia. Linebackers coach Charles Kelly was promoted to defensive coordinator while wide receivers coach Lawrence Dawsey and quarterbacks coach Randy Sanders were promoted as offensive coordinators. To round out the coaching staff, Bill Miller was hired to coach linebackers. The annual 'Garnet & Gold Game' was held on April 12 at Doak S. Campbell Stadium. The Garnet team, led by quarterback Jameis Winston, was victorious with a 31–14 win over the Gold team. Florida State football is broadcast on the Florida State University Seminoles Radio Network and the games are called by Gene Deckerhoff.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17711942", "score": "1.0085852", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "2018 Georgia State Panthers football team", "text": "staff) Shawn Elliott. After a short recruiting year (due to turnover of staff), Elliott managed to put together one of Georgia State's highest rated recruiting classes. After losing the opening game at the Panther's new stadium Georgia State Stadium, a conversion of the former Turner Field, the Panthers would go on to become bowl eligible for the second time in the programs seven-year history, defeating the Western Kentucky Hilltoppers at the Cure Bowl. As of December 21, 2016, the Panthers have a total of 20 recruits committed. Eight are three-star recruits. On July 19, 2018, the Sun Belt released their", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20602259", "score": "1.0031629", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "2008 Florida Gators football team", "text": "Georgia in the first quarter, but Georgia was able to put points on the board with a 35-yard field goal cutting Florida's lead to 4. Georgia attempted an onside kick following the score, but was unable to recover the ball setting up the Gators at the Georgia 41-yard line. It took only 7 plays for Tim Tebow to cap the drive with a 1-yard rushing touchdown, bringing the score to 14-3. Florida's defense kept Georgia QB Matthew Stafford and Georgia RB Knowshon Moreno out of the end zone after Georgia got to the Florida 10-yard line. After having to settle", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9527405", "score": "1.0030191", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "History of Florida Gators football", "text": "state university's football team began varsity play when the Gainesville campus opened in September 1906. Tackle William Wetmore \"Gric\" Gibbs is the only known member of the lost 1905 team who played for the new university's team in Gainesville. Football and baseball games and track meets were held at University Athletic Field, a grassy playing surface flanked by low bleachers on West University Avenue just north of the present stadium site. Permanent bleachers were installed in 1911, and the facility was renamed Fleming Field in honor of former Florida governor Francis P. Fleming. From 1911 to 1930, Florida's football squads", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19550564", "score": "1.0002631", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "2008 Florida Gators football team", "text": "big, stupid brawl.\" The Bulldogs started the game on offense after Florida deferred to the second half. Neither team was able to score on their opening possessions as both defenses force the teams to punt. Georgia was able to get into the red zone and attempted a field goal from the 20-yard line, which was missed by kicker Blair Walsh. On the change of possession, the Gators capitalized with a 5-minute 80-yard drive finished off with a Percy Harvin rushing touchdown. With this touchdown, Percy scored a TD in every game thus far in the season. Florida's defense shut out", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9527404", "score": "0.99896926", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "1902 Florida State College football team", "text": "ball quickly into Giant territory. After several “buck runs” Florida State was “within six inches of Georgia’s goal.” The Giants held Florida State for two downs, but on the third Buchholz “barely pushed through Georgia’s right tackle for a touchdown.” Provence attempted an extra-point kick, but it failed. After sixteen minutes of action, Florida State led 5-0. Before the ball again was “advanced any great distance by either side,” the first half ended. McCord, of Florida State, kicked off the second half sending “the pigskin spinning to Georgia’s twenty yard line.” Bainbridge did not advance the ball, and Florida State", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19037242", "score": "0.997421", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Georgia Southern–Georgia State rivalry", "text": "(Georgia State became a university in 1969). Additionally, Georgia State's URL and official logo both contain the abbreviation. Georgia Southern officially uses GS in all of its branding. The football rivalry began after the hire of former Appalachian State (a major rival of Georgia Southern) athletic director Charlie Cobb to the same position at GSU. During Georgia State's press release introducing Cobb, he revealed that Georgia Southern's athletic director Tom Kleinlein told him \"welcome, now the war is on.\" The two teams met on the gridiron during the 2014 football season at the Georgia Dome. During the run up to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18669123", "score": "0.9966775", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "1904 University of Florida Blue and White football team", "text": "R. Woller (right end), R. Cason (quarterback), Clarke (left halfback), Bridges (right halfback), C. McGuire (fullback) Florida State College wore purple and gold and were state champions. The team's coach was Jack Forsythe, who would become the first head coach of the Florida Gators two years later. FSC's assistant was Jock Hanvey. Both coaches played for the Clemson Tigers the year before when it faced Bridges and Cumberland in the SIAA championship game. A newspaper account reported: \"The people of Lake City had expected at least one victory after a long series of defeats encountered by the university and were", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19020276", "score": "0.99644995", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Georgia State Panthers football", "text": "Georgia Dome including then Georgia governor Sonny Perdue, former mayor Andrew Young, amongst other dignitaries. Later during the last game of the season on November 18, Georgia State would play FBS defending national champion and number 10 ranked Alabama in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, losing 63–7. The single touchdown was earned during a kick return by Albert Wilson. Georgia State would finish its inaugural year with a 6–5 record. During its second year of play, the Panthers would record a 3–8 record. The season would be marked by a constant shuffle of quarterbacks after the 2009 starter Drew Little was suspended for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12490185", "score": "0.9933653", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "1966 Florida Gators football team", "text": "5, the Gators lost for the first time during the 1966 season, falling to the rival Georgia Bulldogs by a 27–10 score at Gator Bowl Stadium in Jacksonville, Florida. Florida was ranked No. 7 in the AP Poll prior to the game, and dropped out of the AP top 10 after the loss. Bulldogs running back Ron Jenkins led the attack for Georgia with 88 rushing yards and a touchdown on 20 carries. On their first possession, the Gators sustained an 86-yard scoring drive with fullback Graham McKeel scoring the touchdown. Thereafter, the Gators were limited to a field goal,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10806625", "score": "0.99065346", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "1903 Florida State College football team", "text": "was trying to promote good feeling between the two towns.” Hughes considered the Georgians too unpleasant, and Florida State never played Bainbridge again. The East Florida Seminary team beat FSC 16–0. \"The victors had the home team beat at every point. A large crowd witnessed the game.\" Florida State played Georgia Tech at Piedmont Park in Atlanta on November 7, “a sunny and mild autumn day.” Georgia Tech made two touchdowns in the first half after “easy gains.” In the second, Clarke, Georgia Tech’s left tackle, “made one of the prettiest bucks…which had been seen” and scored a third time.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19037524", "score": "0.9905138", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "History of Florida Gators football", "text": "beaten easily by all its opponents (including out-of-state southern teams Alabama, Auburn, Georgia, and Georgia Tech). The Lake City team lost its final game to state champion FSC, coached by Jack \"Pee Wee\" Forsythe (a former lineman for John Heisman at Clemson, who was later the Gators' first coach). The University of the State of Florida was in Lake City during its first year of existence (1905–06), while the first buildings of its new campus were constructed in Gainesville. The 1905 football season was a lost one, since university president Andrew Sledd ruled several players ineligible for academic reasons. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19550563", "score": "0.9894365", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "History of Georgia Bulldogs football", "text": "Sanford Stadium during the 1990 Georgia Tech game towing a banner reading \"'Fire Ray Goof'\". This nickname was resurrected after Goff's teams began to fall below expectations again. Goff had a 2–2 bowl record. Goff's 1995 team was on the receiving end of Steve Spurrier's \"Half a Hundred\" game in which his Florida Gators team put up 52 points on the beleaguered Bulldogs. They were the first and, to date, only team to do so inside Sanford Stadium. He was fired at the end of that injury-plagued season, despite the Bulldogs being invited to the Peach Bowl. Jim Donnan left", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19745410", "score": "0.98624545", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Georgia State Panthers", "text": "2009, as a highly stylized cartoon panther beneath the old Georgia State wordmark. On May 7, 2014, Georgia State announced its intentions to purchase Turner Field and the surrounding parking lots after the Atlanta Braves announced that they would move to the new SunTrust Park in Cobb County, west of Atlanta. This would include re-purposing Turner Field into a 30,000 seat stadium that would house the Georgia State Football program as well as the school's soccer programs. It would also include rebuilding a baseball stadium in the footprint of the old Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium that was knocked down after the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10262517", "score": "0.9862027", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Georgia State Panthers", "text": "in making GSU a secondary name for the university. In February 2012, the university announced that it had commissioned a study to find the feasibility of moving up to the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), the highest level of collegiate football, citing that the shifts in landscape due to conference realignment offered opportunities that should be carefully considered. The study was conducted by Collegiate Consulting, who concluded that the university was in a good position to move up to the FBS. On April 9, 2012, Georgia State officially accepted an invitation to rejoin the Sun Belt Conference on July 1, 2013.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10262502", "score": "0.98577446", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "2008 Florida Gators football team", "text": "a team coached by a national championship winning head coach. Alabama entered the game with a 21-13 series lead over the Gators. After winning the coin toss, the Gators elected to defer to the second half and the Alabama offense took the field after the touchback kickoff. With just three plays and one net yard, the Gators defense forced Alabama to punt early. Although without leading Gator WR Percy Harvin, who sustained an injury during the Florida State game, the Gators acted quickly and put together a nine play drive that finished with a Tim Tebow touchdown pass to first", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9527445", "score": "0.98503053", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Florida–Georgia football rivalry", "text": "shadow of the Gators' goal line when they were stuffed on fourth down, checking the Bulldogs momentarily but pinning the Gators deep in their own territory. On the third play following the change of possession, Gators quarterback Kerwin Bell dropped back into his own end zone and lofted a long pass to streaking receiver Ricky Nattiel, who went 96 yards for a touchdown. The Bulldog momentum was snuffed out and the Gators went on to a convincing 27–0 victory, eventually completing an undefeated conference schedule for the first time in Gators history. The 1985 Florida Gators entered the contest on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2411485", "score": "0.98369443", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "2008 Florida Gators football team", "text": "year in a 42-30 win over the Gators. In that win, Knowshon Moreno's one-yard touchdown run in the first quarter sparked a \"\" by the entire Bulldogs team in the end zone, known as the \"Gator Stomp.\" Georgia head coach Mark Richt defended his actions in having his team intentionally celebrate. He was quoted as saying \"I wanted to make sure we left this game with our hearts on the field.\" He was later quoted in summer media presses: \"In hindsight, I shouldn't have done it. I won't do anything like that again. It could have easily turned into a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9527403", "score": "0.98355365", "original_retrieval_index": 31 } ]

[ "October 17, 2017" ]

[ { "title": "NBA Friday", "text": "NBA Friday NBA Friday is a weekly presentation of National Basketball Association games on ESPN. Formerly known as \"NBA Friday Coast to Coast\" during doubleheader nights, the program starts the first Friday of the NBA season, and typically runs uninterrupted throughout the entire season. In 2006, \"NBA Friday\" was preempted from March 10 to March 31, due to ESPN deciding against counter programming the NCAA Tournament. Nearly all \"NBA Friday\" telecasts consist of a doubleheader, with one game typically from the east coast at 8:00 p.m and the west coast at 10:30 p.m. The \"KIA NBA Shootaround Pregame Show\", the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7402040", "score": "0.9939274", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "NBA TV", "text": "of the broadcast is repeated during the overnight and early morning hours. On October 11, 2017, it was announced that the \"Players Only\" franchise, which made its debut last season on TNT, will show live games on NBA TV, starting October 24, 2017 and every Tuesday after that, for the first half of the 2017-18 season before transitioning to TNT for the remainder of the regular season starting January 23, 2018. NBA TV HD is a 1080i high definition simulcast feed of NBA TV that is available on most providers. All studio programs and original programs are shot in HD,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4422253", "score": "0.9899156", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Barclays Center", "text": "Atlantic Avenue–Barclays Center. MTA Regional Bus Operations service is provided by , and buses. The first NBA basketball game played at the new arena was an NBA preseason game between the Nets and the Washington Wizards on October 15, 2012. The first regular season NBA game at the Barclays Center took place on November 3, 2012, when the Nets beat the visiting Toronto Raptors 107–100. The originally scheduled season opener home game was supposed to take place on November 1 against now-cross town rivals the New York Knicks, in what was planned to be a historic event; however, the game", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4809181", "score": "0.9720302", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "NBA Wednesday", "text": "NBA Wednesday NBA Wednesday is a weekly presentation of the National Basketball Association on ESPN. Debuting in 2002, NBA Wednesday starts the first Wednesday of the NBA season and runs throughout the entire season. Games typically air at 9:00 p.m EST, following an ESPN's presentation of \"ACC Wednesday\" college basketball. \"NBA Wednesday\" is occasionally preempted by \"ACC Wednesday\" or other college basketball doubleheaders, as well as Wednesday Night Baseball. NBA Wednesday, like NBA Friday, is not exclusive; local sports networks may still air the game in their market. In that case, the ESPN broadcast on these markets is subject to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7506253", "score": "0.9686165", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "National Basketball Association Christmas games", "text": "and LeBron James both times. The first telecast of an NBA game on Christmas Day dates back to the league's early years. In 1947, the Providence Steamrollers played in New York against the Knicks on WCBS channel 2 at 9 p.m. Eastern Time. Stan Lomax and Bob Edge called that game. Fifteen minutes later, at 8:15 p.m. Central Time, Joe Wilson broadcast the game between Baltimore Bullets and Chicago Stags for WBKB channel 4 in Chicago. The first nationally televised Christmas Day NBA broadcast occurred in , when ABC broadcast a game between the Los Angeles Lakers and San Diego", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13874115", "score": "0.9672069", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "NBA Gametime Live", "text": "chosen at random if they have the correct answer, is announced at the end of the halftime show (although sometimes the winner is announced on NBA TV's Twitter page, before halftime) with the correct answer displayed. On October 24, 2017, the channel replaced Fan Night with \"Players Only.\" Making its debut on TNT in February 2017, it will show live games on NBA TV and every Tuesday after that, for the first half of the 2017-18 season before transitioning to TNT for the remainder of the regular season starting January 23, 2018. Webber hosts, while Thomas & McHale give analysis", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13238535", "score": "0.9617953", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "The Starters", "text": "new umbrella, which at that time was unknown. On October 1, 2013, Tas Melas revealed that \"The Basketball Jones\" would not continue. The show relaunched in the 2013–14 NBA season on NBA TV, with episodes airing in late October. A video announcement was released on YouTube on October 2, 2013, where it was announced that \"TBJ\" was officially joining NBA TV and would continue as \"The Starters\". The entire team has moved their operations from Toronto to the NBA TV headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia. On October 21, 2013, \"The Starters\" launched their first podcast, the first of a group of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12666244", "score": "0.95991457", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "NBA Wednesday", "text": "Scott, with analyst Tim Hardaway (who was later replaced by Greg Anthony). NBA Wednesday NBA Wednesday is a weekly presentation of the National Basketball Association on ESPN. Debuting in 2002, NBA Wednesday starts the first Wednesday of the NBA season and runs throughout the entire season. Games typically air at 9:00 p.m EST, following an ESPN's presentation of \"ACC Wednesday\" college basketball. \"NBA Wednesday\" is occasionally preempted by \"ACC Wednesday\" or other college basketball doubleheaders, as well as Wednesday Night Baseball. NBA Wednesday, like NBA Friday, is not exclusive; local sports networks may still air the game in their market.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7506255", "score": "0.9576662", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "NBA Gametime Live", "text": "NBA Gametime Live NBA Gametime is a television program that is the flagship program of NBA TV. The show began airing on October 30, 2008. The show has a studio host and various studio analysts. It airs live and provides the viewer live look-ins at NBA games, during which it shows a team's actual broadcast while providing analysis, interviews, and breaking news. The show airs live six days a week, not airing on Thursdays due to the NBA's commitment to \"The NBA on TNT\". The postgame edition, exclusive to NBA Playoffs coverage, airs daily and covers all playoff games. During", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13238531", "score": "0.95744103", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "2017–18 NBA season", "text": "The regular season began on October 17, 2017. Christmas Day games will be played on December 25, 2017. The regular season will end on April 11, 2018.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "NBA Countdown", "text": "NBA Countdown NBA Countdown, branded for sponsorship purposes as NBA Countdown Presented By Straight Talk Wireless or Mountain Dew, is a pregame television show airing prior to National Basketball Association (NBA) telecasts on ABC and ESPN. \"NBA Countdown\" typically airs thirty minutes prior to games on ABC and ESPN. In 2006, the first and so far only one-hour edition of the pregame show aired, prior to Game 1 of the 2006 NBA Finals. Unlike NBC's NBA studio show, which was known as \"NBA Showtime\" for the first ten years of its existence, ABC's studio has been without much consistency. It", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7333718", "score": "0.9511334", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "NBA Global Games", "text": "schedule. In 2013, the NBA decided to unify its overseas tours under one banner: the \"NBA Global Games\". The newly renamed event witnessed the first NBA preseason game held in Southeast Asia, with the Indiana Pacers and the Houston Rockets facing each other in the Philippines. In addition, a preseason game between the Washington Wizards and the Chicago Bulls in Brazil marked the first NBA preseason match in South America. The league was scheduled to hold a pair of regular season matches in Mexico and United Kingdom, but the game in Mexico City between the San Antonio Spurs and the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10742268", "score": "0.95031726", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "1975 NBA Finals", "text": "to open the series at home. The series is notable as it was the first championship game or series in any of the four North American major professional sports leagues to feature two African American head coaches or managers, as Al Attles coached the Warriors and K. C. Jones coached the Bullets. On a lesser note, it was the first time that the NBA ever scheduled a game to be played in the month of June (Game 7 was scheduled for Monday Night, June 2). The first June game ever to be \"actually\" played, however, would have to wait until", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7655582", "score": "0.9465057", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "NBA on TNT", "text": "leaving it up to the local sports networks. However, TBS may still air the start of the second game in case the ongoing first game on TNT extends beyond the tip-off time of the second game. Other than their regular Thursday schedule, TNT also airs NBA regular season games on Martin Luther King Day, during which tripleheaders were still used. However, in 2011, ESPN opted to air one matinee game on MLK Day, and NBA TV on the second matinee, leaving TNT to air the remaining two night games. In 2008, TNT broadcast on Christmas Day for the first time", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7172938", "score": "0.94184124", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "NBA Africa Game 2015", "text": "NBA Africa Game 2015 The 2015 NBA Africa Game was an exhibition basketball game played on August 1, 2015 in Ellis Park Arena in Johannesburg, South Africa. It was the first NBA game, and the first game involving any major North American professional sports league, to take place on the continent of Africa. It was contested between Team Africa, featuring NBA players and alumni that were born in or had parents born in Africa, and Team World, featuring NBA players from the rest of the world. Team World won the exhibition game by a score of 101–97. <section begin=2015/> San", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18911424", "score": "0.9353292", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Big Pooh", "text": "is planning a global release of the show on January 1, 2015 following the New Year and what many consider the \"true\" beginning of the NBA season. The show runs 1 hour in length and features as many as 8 segments per show. The show has caught the eye of many notable names both in the hip hop industry as well as in professional basketball, notably J.E. Skeets formerly of The Basketball Jones and currently of The NBA TV Show The Starters. It is rumored now that the show will feature both interviews and guest host spots from some of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18948270", "score": "0.9351604", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "2010–11 NBA season", "text": "ABC broadcasting the game between the Celtics and the Orlando Magic, and the Heat against the Lakers, which started at 2:00 p.m. ET. On Martin Luther King Day, ESPN aired the game between the Chicago Bulls and the Memphis Grizzlies at 1:00 p.m. ET, while NBA TV aired the Sacramento Kings–Atlanta Hawks matchup at 4:00 p.m. ET. TNT capped off the holiday with a doubleheader, beginning with the Magic facing the Celtics, followed by the Oklahoma City Thunder facing the Los Angeles Lakers, beginning at 8:00 p.m. ET. The full schedule was released on Tuesday, August 10, 2010. Other much-anticipated", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14590104", "score": "0.93349826", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "NBA on DuMont", "text": "they feared that Saturday matinees would not draw as many people as a night game. The DuMont Network would televise 20 Saturday afternoon games the following season, paying $39,000 for the rights. DuMont's first game aired on December 12, 1953, with the Boston Celtics defeating the Baltimore Bullets 106-75. This was the only year of NBA coverage on DuMont; the Saturday afternoon package moved to NBC for the season, mainly because NBC could clear the games on far more stations that DuMont could. Games on DuMont were usually blacked out in the cities they were played in; for example, the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10747919", "score": "0.930093", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "NBA on TNT", "text": "TNT's opening night game featuring the Cleveland Cavaliers. TNT normally aired NBA Christmas Day games only if it falls on a Thursday (except during the 2011–12 season). However, the network announced that they would air a Christmas Day game on December 25, 2017 (a Monday) featuring the Minnesota Timberwolves and the Los Angeles Lakers. It also marked the first time that the \"Inside the NBA\" crew of Ernie Johnson, Kenny Smith, Charles Barkley and Shaquille O'Neal called the game. TNT also announced that the \"Players Only\" games will now air every Tuesday starting January 23; the franchise also expanded to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7172944", "score": "0.9297128", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "NBA TV", "text": "of individual basketball players, documentaries focusing on a particular NBA team during the season and archived broadcasts of well-known games. NBA TV carries at least 90 regular season games per season, which typically air four days a week during the NBA season (mainly on Mondays, Tuesdays and Saturdays, although occasional Wednesday, Friday and Sunday games may air in the event that ESPN does not hold rights to coverage on those nights), as well as some first-round playoff games. Live games on NBA TV are subject to local blackout restrictions, since NBA TV (despite being owned by the league) does not", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4422250", "score": "0.9288126", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "National Basketball Association", "text": "The NBA is also the only league that regularly schedules games on Christmas Day. The league has been playing games regularly on the holiday since 1947, though the first Christmas Day games were not televised until . Games played on this day have featured some of the best teams and players. Christmas is also notable for NBA on television, as the holiday is when the first NBA games air on network television each season. Games played on this day have been some of the highest-rated games during a particular season. In February, the regular season pauses to celebrate the annual", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "296018", "score": "0.9287828", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "National Basketball Association", "text": "of the league was played at the Indian Wells Tennis Garden on October 11, 2008, between the Phoenix Suns and the Denver Nuggets. A referee lockout began on September 1, 2009, when the contract between the NBA and its referees expired. The first preseason games were played on October 1, 2009, and replacement referees from the WNBA and NBA Development League were used, the first time replacement referees had been used since the beginning of the 1995–96 season. The NBA and the regular referees reached a deal on October 23, 2009. The first official NBA league games on European ground", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "296007", "score": "0.92803633", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "NBA on TBS", "text": "to air part of the Sacramento Kings-Minnesota Timberwolves game that was supposed to follow on NBA TV. The first few minutes of Game 4 of the 2007 Western Conference Semifinal between the Phoenix Suns and San Antonio Spurs were shown on TBS, due to the game between the Cleveland Cavaliers and the New Jersey Nets running past the former's 9:30 p.m. Eastern start time. The above situations are not unlike those that have been encountered during TBS telecasts of Major League Baseball Division Series games since 2007; at times, due to certain games running over their scheduled end time, TNT", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9678080", "score": "0.9241555", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "NBA Africa Game 2015", "text": "Buford. NBA Africa Game 2015 The 2015 NBA Africa Game was an exhibition basketball game played on August 1, 2015 in Ellis Park Arena in Johannesburg, South Africa. It was the first NBA game, and the first game involving any major North American professional sports league, to take place on the continent of Africa. It was contested between Team Africa, featuring NBA players and alumni that were born in or had parents born in Africa, and Team World, featuring NBA players from the rest of the world. Team World won the exhibition game by a score of 101–97. <section begin=2015/>", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18911426", "score": "0.9235952", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "NBA on CBS", "text": "game. Furthermore, CBS only broadcast the fifth game of the first-round series between Atlanta and Milwaukee nationally. The nationally televised Atlanta-Milwaukee game aired at 1:00 p.m. Eastern Time, while the regionally televised Chicago-Cleveland and Seattle/L.A. Lakers games aired at 3:30 p.m. Eastern Time. Perhaps even more confusing, both Game 5 sites (Coliseum at Richfield in Cleveland and Omni Coliseum in Atlanta) were in the Eastern Time Zone, so differing local start times were not a factor. Previously, CBS aired Game 2 of the Chicago-Cleveland series nationally, while relegating Game 2 of the Atlanta-Milwaukee series to TBS. CBS used its primary", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6736580", "score": "0.92336315", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "National Basketball Association Christmas games", "text": "National Basketball Association Christmas games Games held by the National Basketball Association (NBA) on Christmas Day, December 25, have been an annual tradition since the league's second season in 1947. Currently, five games are played on Christmas. Unlike the National Football League (NFL)'s traditional Thanksgiving Day games, the NBA's Christmas Day games have no fixed opponents; rather, they feature some of the best teams and players. Very often a rematch of the previous season's NBA Finals is showcased on Christmas Day. The first NBA game played on December 25 came in 1947, a year after the NBA's inception, when the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13874103", "score": "0.92163193", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Lakers versus Celtics and the NBA Playoffs", "text": "be the first team basketball video game to acquire full players names and rights without actually relying on the NBA Players Association. Established stars in the game include Larry Bird, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar (DOS version only), Magic Johnson, Michael Jordan, and Patrick Ewing. The game introduced innovations in presentation. It was the first NBA game to feature TV style starting line up prior to the opening tip. It also featured halftime shows and announcers to simulate an authentic feel. Later games would go further by replacing music during gameplay with audience cheers. The game was conceived by Producer Don Traeger, and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3591241", "score": "0.92110705", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "NBA on CBS", "text": "years began in the first week of May rather than the end of May, and as a result, the weeknight games were played during May ratings sweeps. Consequently, weeknight games held on the West Coast started at 8:30 p.m. Pacific Time, which was 11:30 p.m. in the Eastern Time Zone; those games could be shown live. However, non-West Coast weeknight games required tape-delay, to be shown at 11:30 p.m. The 1980–1981 season was arguably the rock bottom point of the tape delay era for CBS. CBS aired four of the six Finals games on tape delay and six of nine", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6736568", "score": "0.920844", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "NBA Friday", "text": "\"Toyota Halftime Show\", and the \"Target Postgame Show\" are the studio shows that occur before, during, and after the NBA Friday Games. \"NBA Friday\" on ESPN is not exclusive; local sports networks may still air the game in their market. In that case, the ESPN broadcast on these markets is subject to blackout and SportsCenter is usually aired instead. NBA Friday NBA Friday is a weekly presentation of National Basketball Association games on ESPN. Formerly known as \"NBA Friday Coast to Coast\" during doubleheader nights, the program starts the first Friday of the NBA season, and typically runs uninterrupted throughout", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7402041", "score": "0.9186199", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "NBA Gametime Live", "text": "end of the night, via Skype or FaceTime, where they can comment or ask any question they want to them, face-to-face and have some fun with them. At the end of each game, a lucky viewer can win a customized game ball for the player of the game. The studio host and analysts vary every night on NBA Gametime. NBA Gametime Live NBA Gametime is a television program that is the flagship program of NBA TV. The show began airing on October 30, 2008. The show has a studio host and various studio analysts. It airs live and provides the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13238537", "score": "0.91832566", "original_retrieval_index": 28 } ]

[ "Nicole Gale Anderson" ]

[ { "title": "Heather Douglas (actress)", "text": "Heather Douglas (actress) Heather Douglas, a graduate of New Albany High School (New Albany, Indiana) has appeared in Broadway productions of Tommy Tunes's \"The Will Rogers Follies\" and \"Crazy for You\"; the pre-Broadway tour of \"Jekyll and Hyde\"; a national tour and Berlin production of \"Crazy for You\", 'Audrey' in \"Little Shop of Horrors\", 'Rapunzel' in \"Into the Woods\", 'Cassie' in \"A Chorus Line\", 'Nickie' in \"Sweet Charity\" and Disney MGM Studio's \"Beauty and the Beast\"; the original West End production of \"Chicago\" where she understudied and played the part of 'Velma'; \"My One and Only\" in both London and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6703333", "score": "1.085738", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Belle (Beauty and the Beast)", "text": "Teen Choice Awards. She also received nominations for the Empire Award for Best Actress, the Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Award for \"Favorite Movie Actress\" and the Saturn Award for Best Actress. Belle appeared in the Broadway musical adaptation of \"Beauty and the Beast\". The role was originated by actress Susan Egan, who was initially reluctant to audition for \"Beauty and the Beast\" because she \"thought it was a terrible idea for Disney to put a cartoon on Broadway.\" However, her agent managed to convince her otherwise, and Egan ultimately turned down callbacks for roles in the musicals \"My Fair Lady\", \"Carousel", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7426463", "score": "1.0705577", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Beauty and the Beast (musical)", "text": "amateur premiere of Disney's Beauty and the Beast, for which it was nominated for 4 AIMS Awards (Association of Irish Musical Societies) including Best Overall Show in Ireland and winning one, Best Actor in a Supporting Role (John Murphy for the part of Gaston). Belle was played by Bridget Nolan and Beast was played by Derek Ryan. <nowiki>*</nowiki> New song or instrumental cue † Expanded vocal or instrumental content, using either cut lyrics by Ashman or dance arrangements by Glen Kelly, or both. ‡ \"Human Again\" was written by Menken and Ashman for the movie, but was cut, due to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5282256", "score": "1.0520154", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Rafaëlle Cohen", "text": "actress and musical performer and has never stopped performing since : La Belle au bois dormant, que veillent les fées... (Sleeping Beauty), \"Sister Act\", \"Dance of the Vampires\". In 2017, she portrayed the role of one of the Bimbettes in the Disney film \"Beauty and the Beast\". Rafaëlle Cohen Rafaëlle Cohen is a French actress, dancer and singer. She is best known for starring in \"Le Bal des Vampires\", the musical directed by Roman Polanski at the Theatre Mogador in Paris in 2014-2015. Rafaëlle was born in Paris and raised in London. Thanks to her father's work (civil engineer), she", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18398996", "score": "1.0404744", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Beast (Beauty and the Beast)", "text": "of \"the Beast\" is actually another fairy tale character, Rumplestiltskin (played by Robert Carlyle), who gains possession of Belle as part of a deal to save Belle's kingdom from losing a war. Indian actor Vikram portrayed Beast for sequences in a dreamy song \"Ennodu Nee Irundhal\" in the 2015 Tamil language film \"\"I\"\" opposite Amy Jackson who portrayed Belle. The original prosthetic make-up for the characters were provided by Sean Foot (Shaun) and Davina Lamont and additional works were done by National Film Award winners—Christien Tinsley and Dominie Till. In March 2015, English actor Dan Stevens was cast as the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8316068", "score": "1.03521", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Heather Douglas (actress)", "text": "television credits include \"Showtime at the Stadium\" for the BBC, The Monkees music video for MTV, Disney MGM Studio's Opening Special, Disney's Macey's Parade and Agony for UK Living; Film credits include \"De-Lovely\" (2004) starring Ashley Judd and Kevin Kline. Heather Douglas (actress) Heather Douglas, a graduate of New Albany High School (New Albany, Indiana) has appeared in Broadway productions of Tommy Tunes's \"The Will Rogers Follies\" and \"Crazy for You\"; the pre-Broadway tour of \"Jekyll and Hyde\"; a national tour and Berlin production of \"Crazy for You\", 'Audrey' in \"Little Shop of Horrors\", 'Rapunzel' in \"Into the Woods\", 'Cassie'", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6703335", "score": "1.0242527", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Lisa Goldstein (actress)", "text": "Victor Victoria and Anything Goes. In early 2007, Goldstein signed a contract with Walt Disney World in Orlando, Florida where she played Belle in Beauty and the Beast – The Musical and Nemo, Pearl and Squirt in Finding Nemo – The Musical. In July 2007, Goldstein was booked on the CW's popular drama series \"One Tree Hill\" as Millicent Huxtable. She was cast only for the first episode of season 5. However, after seeing her performance in that episode, the writers decided to bring her character back for the remainder of the season. In season 6, she became a regular.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12609770", "score": "1.0239437", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Susan Egan", "text": "Susan Egan Susan Farrell Egan (born February 18, 1970) is an American actress, singer and dancer, known for her work on the Broadway stage. She is best known for originating the role of Belle in the Broadway musical adaptation of \"Beauty and the Beast\" (1994), as well as for providing the voice of Megara in \"Hercules\" (1997), and the voice for Rose Quartz on \"Steven Universe\". Egan was born in Seal Beach, California on February 18, 1970. She attended Los Alamitos High School and the co-located Orange County High School of the Arts and UCLA. Having long desired to become", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2037655", "score": "1.0198797", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Belle (Beauty and the Beast)", "text": "is the show's version of the Beast). She is portrayed by Australian actress Emilie de Ravin. Another live-action version of the character appeared in the 2015 television film \"Descendants\", where she was played by Keegan Connor Tracy and serves as the Queen of the United States of Auradon. The series \"Sofia the First\" included a cameo by Belle in a 2013 episode. British actress Amy Jackson who portrayed as \"Belle\" opposite Indian actor Vikram, who being portrayed as \"Beast\" for sequences in a dreamy song \"\"Ennodu Nee Irundhal\"\" in the 2015 Tamil language romantic thriller \"\"I\"\". The original prosthetic make-up", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7426459", "score": "1.0198008", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Nicole Gale Anderson", "text": "Nicole Gale Anderson (born August 29, 1990) is a Filipino-American actress. She is best known for her role as Heather Chandler on The CW series Beauty & the Beast. She is also known for her roles as Macy Misa in the Disney Channel Original Series Jonas, and as Kelly Parker and Miranda Collins respectively on the ABC Family series Make It or Break It and Ravenswood.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Belle (Beauty and the Beast)", "text": "her work on \"Beauty and the Beast\" and various contributions to Disney, O'Hara was honored with a Disney Legends award on August 19, 2011. Disney hired Spanish actress Penélope Cruz to pose as Belle in photographer Annie Leibovitz's Disney Dream Portrait Series, while actor Jeff Bridges posed as the Beast. The \"Daily Mail\" described the image as Cruz \"wearing Belle's gorgeous yellow gown and being lifted high into the air by her prince,\" accompanied by the phrase \"Where a moment of beauty lasts forever.\" Belle (Beauty and the Beast) Belle is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Pictures'", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7426497", "score": "1.012724", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)", "text": "were revealed to be in talks to play Gaston and the Beast respectively, and Watson confirmed their casting the following day through tweets. The rest of the principal cast, including Josh Gad, Emma Thompson, Kevin Kline, Audra McDonald, Ian McKellen, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Ewan McGregor and Stanley Tucci were announced between March and April to play LeFou, Mrs. Potts, Maurice, Madame de Garderobe, Cogsworth, Plumette, Lumière and Cadenza, respectively. Susan Egan, who originated the role of Belle on Broadway, commented on the casting of Watson as \"perfect\". Paige O'Hara, who voiced Belle in the original animated film and its sequels, offered", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18553291", "score": "1.0125306", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)", "text": "we just couldn't get it to click and it was Alan Horn who championed the idea of owning the Disney of it all. We realized there was a competitive advantage in the songs. What is wrong with making adults feel like kids again?\" In January 2015, Emma Watson announced that she would be starring as Belle, the female lead. She was the first choice of Walt Disney Studios chairman Alan F. Horn, as he had previously overseen Warner Bros. which released the eight \"Harry Potter\" films that co-starred Watson as Hermione Granger. Two months later, Luke Evans and Dan Stevens", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18553290", "score": "1.0115088", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Stephanie J. Block", "text": "production of \"Beauty and the Beast\" in 1992. She made her Broadway debut in the 2003 original production of \"The Boy from Oz\", playing Liza Minnelli. Having read the part of Elphaba in the first reading of \"Wicked\" in 2000, she was the first actress to play the role in the US touring production from 2005–06, winning the Helen Hayes Award for Best Actress in a Non-Resident production. She later reprised the role on Broadway from 2007–08. She received Drama Desk nominations for the Off-Broadway productions of \"By the Way, Meet Vera Stark\" (2011) and \"Little Miss Sunshine\" (2013), and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5684846", "score": "1.0110015", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Beauty and the Beast (1987 TV series)", "text": "in particular, there is some connection to the Jean Cocteau's 1946 French film, \"La Belle et la Bête\". George R.R. Martin, who would later write the \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" book series, was a writer and producer on the show. In 2004 and 2007, \"Beauty and the Beast\" was ranked #14 and #17, respectively, on \"TV Guide\"'s Top Cult Shows Ever. Catherine Chandler (played by Linda Hamilton) is abducted, beaten, slashed and left to die in Central Park because she was inadvertently mistaken for somebody else. She is rescued and cared for by Vincent (played by Ron Perlman)", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2424146", "score": "1.0085499", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Susan Egan", "text": "of Belle in the original Broadway cast of \"Beauty and the Beast\", for which she was nominated for the Tony Award and the Drama Desk Award, Outstanding Actress in a Musical. On Broadway, Egan portrayed Belle for one year and reprised the role in the Los Angeles production in 1995, along with many of the original Broadway cast members. At the Sacramento Music Circus, she portrayed Maria in \"The Sound of Music\" in 1996 and Molly Brown in \"The Unsinkable Molly Brown\" in 2002. Egan joined \"Thoroughly Modern Millie\" in February 2004 as Millie. Egan has performed in one-woman, cabaret-style", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2037657", "score": "1.0033319", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Georgina Leonidas", "text": "in Beauty and the Beast at the Theatre Royal in Windsor during December 2014, During 2016, she appeared as Millie in the play \"Small Hours\". Georgina Leonidas Georgina Leonidas (born 28 February 1990) is a British actress best known for playing Molly in \"The Basil Brush Show\", and Katie Bell in \"Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince\" and \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2\". Leonidas was born in London, the daughter of a Greek Cypriot father and an English mother. She also has Welsh ancestry through her mother. Her older brother Dimitri and older sister Stephanie are", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9879390", "score": "1.0019636", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Belle (Beauty and the Beast)", "text": "the other characters from the first movie appear in the stage show, Beauty and the Beast Live on Stage at Disney's Hollywood Studios, Walt Disney World. Belle appears in a meet-and-greet attraction at Magic Kingdom's Fantasyland called Enchanted Tales with Belle. In season 18 of \"Dancing With the Stars\", Danica McKellar played Belle while performing a Quickstep on a Disney themed episode. Ginger Zee and Edyta Śliwińska also both portrayed Belle while performing a Foxtrot and Waltz respectively during the Disney night episode of the 22nd season of \"Dancing with the Stars\". Emma Slater then played Belle while dancing a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7426469", "score": "1.0012336", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Disney Princess", "text": "star Ariel Winter. In the 2014 film \"Maleficent\", Aurora is played by Elle Fanning. Lily James portrays Cinderella in the 2015 film of the same name. Emma Watson is seen as Belle in the 2017 film \"Beauty and the Beast\". Naomi Scott is set to star as Jasmine in the 2019 film \"Aladdin\". Liu Yifei will appear as Mulan in the 2020 film of the same name. The Princesses, along with Anna, Elsa and Moana, all make guest appearances in the 2018 film \"Ralph Breaks the Internet\". This film marks the first direct interaction between the characters in an animated", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7239603", "score": "0.99893224", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Anneliese van der Pol", "text": "Pol would be making her Broadway debut as Belle, in \"Beauty and the Beast\". Van der Pol was the musical's 17th (and final) Belle. She played the role from April 3, 2007 to July 29, 2007 as the show reached its 5,464th (and final) performance. During her run as Belle, van der Pol also performed at Bryant Park's Broadway in Bryant Park on July 12, 2007 along \"Beauty and the Beast\" co-stars Chris Hoch and Jeanne Lehmann, performing songs from the show. Prior to \"Beauty\"'s final show, van der Pol appeared on \"Live with Regis and Kelly\" for a small", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5161117", "score": "0.9969206", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Beauty and the Beast (musical)", "text": "Beast, Ben Harlow as Gaston, Julia Goss as Mrs. Potts, Stephen Matthews as Lumiere Barry James (reprising his role from the London production) as Cogsworth, Billy Boyle (reprising his role from the London production) as Maurice, Karen Davies as Madame de la Grande Bouche, Kate Graham (reprising her role from the London production) as Babette, Anthony Clegg as LeFou, and Oliver Taylor (reprising his role from the London production) and Sion Eifion sharing the role of Chip. Notable replacements included Dianne Pilkington as Belle, Alex Bourne as the Beast, Earl Carpenter as Gaston, Marilyn Cutts as Mrs. Potts, Richard Tate", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5282241", "score": "0.9945169", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Ashley Brown", "text": "was cast in the Disney touring production \"On the Record\". This in turn led to her Broadway debut on September 20, 2005, replacing Brooke Tansley as the lead character, Belle, in the Disney Theatrical production of \"Beauty and the Beast\". She departed the role on May 28, 2006, after eight months and she was succeeded by Sarah Litzsinger. On November 16, 2006, \"Mary Poppins\" opened on Broadway with Brown starring as the title character. Brown left the Broadway company on October 5, 2008, after playing the role for two years and was replaced by Scarlett Strallen who previously played the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7917123", "score": "0.99384713", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Sarah Litzsinger", "text": "French musical fable. After \"Amour\" closed, Litzsinger returned to the role of Belle on February 11, 2003. In 2006, she played Eva Peron in the 25th U.S. national tour of \"Evita\". From May 30 – September 17, 2006, she once again appeared in Disney's \"Beauty and the Beast\" replacing Ashley Brown as Belle. Litzsinger holds the distinction of being Broadway's longest-running Belle. In 2004, Litzsinger released a self-titled solo album. She is also a member of the band TASTiSKANK, along with another Broadway actress, Kate Reinders. In 2007, they won the Breakout Award at the HBO Aspen Festival. They were", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8341676", "score": "0.9912273", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Belle (Beauty and the Beast)", "text": "heroes in film ranking. The character also appears in the film's several sequels and spin-offs, as well as her own live-action television series. American actress Susan Egan originated the role of Belle in the Broadway musical adaptation of the film, for which she was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical. Emma Watson plays a live-action version of the character in a 2017 live action adaptation of the original 1991 film. After the success of Walt Disney Productions' first feature-length animated film \"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs\" (1937), filmmaker Walt Disney himself made several attempts", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7426417", "score": "0.9876752", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "On the Record (musical)", "text": "Belle in \"Beauty and the Beast\" on Broadway on September 20, 2005. After completing her run as Belle on May 28, 2006, Brown opened the Broadway production of \"Mary Poppins\" on November 16, 2006, in the title role — a performance which earned her a Drama Desk Award nomination for Outstanding Actress in a Musical. Brown ended her Broadway run on October 5, 2008, but subsequently returned to the role, opening the North American national tour of \"Mary Poppins\" in Chicago on March 25, 2009. Meredith Inglesby, who served as a member of the quartet and as Diane's understudy, also", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7597915", "score": "0.9857962", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Sarah Uriarte Berry", "text": "Featured Actress in a Musical. She also starred as the title role in \"Cinderella\" alongside Eartha Kitt for the New York City Opera in 2004. On September 19, 2006, she returned to the role of Belle in \"Beauty and the Beast\" and left the show on December 24, 2006. Berry's national tours include \"Sunset Boulevard\" as Betty Schaefer and starring Petula Clark (1998–1999) and \"Carousel\", in which she portrayed Julie Jordan. Her regional theatre credits include \"A Little Night Music\" as Anne at the Kennedy Center in 2002,\"The Sound of Music\" at the Helen Hayes Theatre Company, Nyack, New York", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9437128", "score": "0.9857827", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Beauty & the Beast (season 2)", "text": "of Bob Reynolds on July 8, 2013. On September 6, 2013, it was announced that Annie Ilonzeh would be joining the cast of \"Beauty & the Beast\" for the show's upcoming second season, playing the role of Beth Bowman, a journalist and an old friend of Catherine Chandler's. On September 10, 2013, it was reported that Amber Skye Noyes had been cast as Tori Windsor, the innocent daughter of a powerful beast who is rescued by Cat and Vincent. On November 12, 2013, \"Law & Order\" actress Elisabeth Röhm was cast as Dana Landon, a woman who joins forces with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18035834", "score": "0.9848007", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Sheila Ferguson", "text": "2012 to January 2013, Ferguson appeared in \"Cinderella\" at the Nottingham Theatre Royal as the Fairy Godmother, a role she reprised at the Theatre Royal Norwich from December 2013 to January 2014. She then starred as the Wicked Queen in \"Beauty and the Beast\" at the Theatre Royal, Windsor from December 2014 to January 2015, followed by appearing as the Fairy Godmother in \"Cinderella\" at The Sands Centre, Carlisle in December 2015. Ferguson headlined Ipswich Regent Theatre's pantomime, playing the Wicked Fairy in \"Sleeping Beauty\" from December 2016 to January 2017. Ferguson is the first and only black woman to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4187321", "score": "0.98154724", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Beauty and the Beast (musical)", "text": "against this practice for \"Beauty and the Beast\". Eisner concluded that most of the film's original voice actors would be too busy to reprise their roles onstage. In her Broadway debut, then-22-year-old actress Susan Egan was cast as the musical's original Belle. Egan, who had not yet seen the film, had been auditioning for several other Broadway projects at the time – namely \"My Fair Lady\", \"Carousel\" and \"Grease\" – in which she was much more interested. Despite longing to originate a Broadway role, the actress was initially reluctant to audition for \"Beauty and the Beast\" because she thought that", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5282191", "score": "0.9788939", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Bethany Joy Lenz", "text": "Michael Murray, and wife of Nathan Scott, portrayed by James Lafferty. During her time on \"One Tree Hill\", Lenz was also offered the role of Belle in \"Beauty and the Beast\" when it was still in production on Broadway, but turned it down due to scheduling conflicts. Lenz appeared in an episode of \"Life Unexpected\" alongside Kate Voegele as part of a crossover-event between \"One Tree Hill\" and \"Life Unexpected\". In the sixth season, Lenz made her directorial debut. She initially approached producer Greg Prange in 2007 with the idea of directing but was not given the opportunity to do", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15335889", "score": "0.97838867", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "Kirstjen Nielsen" ]

[ { "title": "John F. Kelly", "text": "W. Tidd on January 14, 2016. On December 7, 2016, then President-elect Donald Trump nominated Kelly to head the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), a cabinet-level position. People familiar with the transition said that Trump's team was drawn to Kelly because of his southwest border expertise. On January 20, 2017, Kelly was confirmed as Secretary of Homeland Security by the United States Senate with a vote of 88–11. On that evening, he was sworn in by Vice President Mike Pence. In an April 2017 speech at George Washington University, Kelly said, \"If lawmakers do not like the laws they've passed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12737976", "score": "1.2048552", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Russell Deyo", "text": "became Under Secretary for Management at DHS on May 11, 2015, with oversight of the department's management programs. He served as the Acting Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security from November 1, 2016 to April 4, 2017. Russell Deyo Russell C. Deyo is an American lawyer and government official. Appointed Under Secretary for Management at the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) on May 11, 2015, he became the Acting Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security (DHS) on November 1, 2016. Deyo graduated from Dartmouth College. He earned his J.D. from Georgetown University Law Center. At Georgetown, he was executive editor of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20088708", "score": "1.1321623", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Joni Ernst", "text": "President-elect Trump announced his choice of John Kelly for United States Secretary of Homeland Security, Ernst said that Trump in choosing Kelly was selecting \"someone with such a deep level of experience to lead the Department of Homeland Security and address\" ISIS's rise in Latin America and border security. On December 21, Ernst announced her roles in the upcoming session of congress. On January 12, 2017, Ernst questioned United States Secretary of Defense nominee James Mattis on whether he would pledge to prioritizing cutting wasteful spending, stopping sexual assault and retaliation in the military, and enhance national security missions by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15391170", "score": "1.1313771", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Huban A. Gowadia", "text": "was protected by attorney-client privilege\". On 14 November, 2017, Rep. Cummings asked Chairman Trey Gowdy, R-SC, to enforce the subpoena. Huban A. Gowadia Huban A. Gowadia (born c. 1969) is the Deputy Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration since January 19, 2017, following the statutorily required resignation of Peter V. Neffenger on January 20, 2017, upon Donald Trump becoming President. Prior to joining TSA, Gowadia was the Director of the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office at the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. She was responsible for the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) contribution to protect the United States from nuclear attack,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20460140", "score": "1.1146369", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Huban A. Gowadia", "text": "Huban A. Gowadia Huban A. Gowadia (born c. 1969) is the Deputy Administrator of the Transportation Security Administration since January 19, 2017, following the statutorily required resignation of Peter V. Neffenger on January 20, 2017, upon Donald Trump becoming President. Prior to joining TSA, Gowadia was the Director of the Domestic Nuclear Detection Office at the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. She was responsible for the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) contribution to protect the United States from nuclear attack, where her focus was on nuclear forensics capabilities to detect, analyze and report on nuclear and other radioactive materials that", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20460137", "score": "1.1128247", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Tom Bossert", "text": "a Nonresident Zurich Cyber Risk Fellow at the Atlantic Council's Cyber Security Initiative, a position he held until 2016. He also became president of the risk management consulting firm Civil Defense Solutions. On December 27, 2016, the Trump transition team announced that then President-elect Donald Trump intended to appoint Bossert to the post of Homeland Security Advisor (officially titled the Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism), a position that would not require Senate confirmation. Bossert was officially appointed on January 20, 2017, the date of President Trump's entrance into office. In July 2017, a British hacker spear-phished", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19915443", "score": "1.0940093", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Kirstjen Nielsen", "text": "month after Kelly became White House Chief of Staff on July 31, 2017, Nielsen moved to the White House, becoming the principal Deputy Chief of Staff under Kelly. On October 11, 2017, President Donald Trump nominated Nielsen to be the new United States Secretary of Homeland Security, replacing Acting Secretary Elaine Duke. On December 5, 2017, the Senate confirmed her nomination, by a 62–37 vote. On December 6, 2017, she was sworn in as Secretary of Homeland Security. On January 16, 2018, Nielsen testified before the United States Senate in favor of merit, rather than family, based immigration. She was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20333494", "score": "1.0933633", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Oklahoma Office of Homeland Security", "text": "is responsible for appointing a Director of Homeland Security to oversee the day-to-day operations of OKOHS. The current Director of Homeland Security is Kim Edd Carter, who was appointed by Governor Mary Fallin in February 2011. Director Carter a veteran of law enforcement with more than 32 years of experience. Carter served as the fusion center coordinator and program manager for information sharing at the OKOHS before his appointment. Before joining the Oklahoma Office of Homeland Security in 2007, Carter spent 26 years with the Oklahoma State Bureau of Investigation. During his tenure at OSBI, he achieved the rank of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11422651", "score": "1.0872799", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Cameron Quinn", "text": "Cameron Quinn Cameron Quinn is an American lawyer, professor, and government official. She is President Donald Trump's announced appointee to become Officer for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties at the United States Department of Homeland Security. Quinn previously served in the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights at the United States Department of Agriculture, as a senior policy advisor in the Civil Rights Division of the United States Department of Justice, as counsel to the Chairman of the United States Merit Systems Protection Board, and as an assistant attorney general for the Commonwealth of Virginia. She has also", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20300548", "score": "1.0807036", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "United States Secretary of Homeland Security", "text": "The current Secretary of Homeland Security is Kirstjen Nielsen following the appointment of the then-incumbent secretary, John F. Kelly, to the post of White House Chief of Staff by President Donald Trump. It was announced on October 12, 2017, that Kirstjen Nielsen was nominated as Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security by President Donald Trump. She was confirmed by the Senate on December 5, 2017.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Cabinet of Donald Trump", "text": "the confirmation, Peter O’Rourke served as Acting Secretary. The nomination of a Secretary-designate is reviewed during hearings held by the members of the Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs committee, then presented to the full Senate for a vote. On December 7, 2016, John F. Kelly, retired four-star Marine general, was selected to be the Secretary of Homeland Security. He was confirmed by the Senate with a vote of 88–11 and sworn in on the evening of January 20. Kelly's term ended on July 28, 2017, following his appointment as White House Chief of Staff; he was succeeded by Elaine Duke", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19829607", "score": "1.0783157", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Homeland Security Advisor", "text": "Council remained, the Advisor held the title of Deputy National Security Advisor for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism, subordinating the position to the National Security Advisor. At the start of the Trump administration, the position of Homeland Security Advisor, occupied by Tom Bossert, was elevated to the rank of Assistant to the President, making it equal in rank to the National Security Advisor. However, after clashes with the National Security Advisor, John Bolton, the position returned to the rank of Deputy Assistant to the President and was subordinate to the National Security Advisor. The current Homeland Security Advisor is Doug Fears,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19915587", "score": "1.0617304", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Francis X. Taylor", "text": "Francis X. Taylor Francis Xavier \"Frank\" Taylor was the United States Coordinator for Counterterrorism from 2001 to 2002 and Assistant Secretary of State for Diplomatic Security from 2002 to 2005. He is also the former Under Secretary for Intelligence and Analysis at the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, nominated by President Obama in 2014. In that role, he provided the Secretary, DHS senior leadership, the DHS components, and state, local, tribal and private sector partners with the homeland security intelligence and information they need to keep the country safe, secure and resilient. I&A is a member of, and the Department’s", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14834584", "score": "1.0604751", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Confirmations of Barack Obama's Cabinet", "text": "of the Secretary of Homeland Security is brought to the United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs. Janet Napolitano was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on a voice vote and assumed the office of Secretary of Homeland Security on January 21, 2009. On November 5, 2008, Napolitano was named to the advisory board of the Obama-Biden Transition Project. On December 1, 2008, Barack Obama introduced Napolitano as his nominee to head the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS). On January 20, 2009, Napolitano was confirmed, becoming the first woman appointed Secretary in the relatively new department.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12977905", "score": "1.0543363", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Russell Deyo", "text": "Russell Deyo Russell C. Deyo is an American lawyer and government official. Appointed Under Secretary for Management at the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) on May 11, 2015, he became the Acting Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security (DHS) on November 1, 2016. Deyo graduated from Dartmouth College. He earned his J.D. from Georgetown University Law Center. At Georgetown, he was executive editor of the school's \"International Law Journal\". From 1977 to 1978, Deyo was an attorney at the New York City law firm Patterson, Belknap, Webb & Tyler. He was subsequently an Assistant U.S. Attorney for the District of New", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20088706", "score": "1.0526501", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "David Clarke (sheriff)", "text": "and torches time.\" with an attached photo of an angry mob holding pitchforks and torches. Clarke met with Trump, when Trump was president-elect, about a possible position in his administration. In May 2017, Clarke said in a radio interview that he would take the post of Assistant Secretary of Homeland Security for Partnership and Engagement in the Trump administration. The White House declined to comment, and the Department of Homeland Security stated that no appointment had been officially made. The position does not require Senate confirmation. The DHS did not say whether the appointment was actually offered to Clarke. Following", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17909347", "score": "1.0516634", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "United States Secretary of Homeland Security", "text": "U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (which includes Homeland Security Investigations), the Secret Service, and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). It did not, however, include the FBI or the CIA. On January 20, 2009, the Senate confirmed Barack Obama's appointment of Janet Napolitano to be the third Secretary of Homeland Security, effective January 21, 2009. Napolitano resigned effective August 2013 to head the University of California. On October 17, President Obama announced his intention to nominate former General Counsel of the Department of Defense Jeh Johnson, and on December 16, the US Senate confirmed the nomination. The current Secretary of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1685794", "score": "1.0510945", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Luke McCormack", "text": "CIO for the Immigration and Customs Enforcement. He began at the Department of Justice as Deputy Assistant Attorney General for Information Resources Management/Chief Information Officer. He currently serves on the board of advisors for TRI-COR Industries, an IT services firm. Luke McCormack Luke J. McCormack served as the chief information officer of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security from December 16, 2013 to May 2, 2017. McCormack is a native of Long Island, N.Y., and resides in Virginia. He has two sons. He holds an MBA from the University of Maryland's Smith School; in addition, he earned certifications from Columbia", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20191279", "score": "1.051065", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Luke McCormack", "text": "Luke McCormack Luke J. McCormack served as the chief information officer of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security from December 16, 2013 to May 2, 2017. McCormack is a native of Long Island, N.Y., and resides in Virginia. He has two sons. He holds an MBA from the University of Maryland's Smith School; in addition, he earned certifications from Columbia University and the National Defense University. Before joining the federal government, he served at various private sector companies including MCI and Ford Aerospace. From 1999-2005, he served in several capacities at Customs and Border Protection. From 2005-12, he served as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20191278", "score": "1.0460527", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Tom Bossert", "text": "Tom Bossert Thomas P. Bossert (born March 25, 1975) is an American lawyer and former Homeland Security Advisor to U.S. President Donald Trump. He is currently an ABC News Homeland Security analyst. Immediately before, he was a fellow at the Atlantic Council and prior to that he served as Deputy Homeland Security Advisor to President George W. Bush. In that capacity, he co-authored the 2007 National Strategy for Homeland Security. Prior to that, Bossert held positions in the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Small Business Administration, the Office of the Independent Counsel, and the House of Representatives. He also was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19915441", "score": "1.0438476", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Elaine Duke", "text": "he would nominate Duke as United States Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security. Duke's nomination received a hearing before the United States Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs on March 8, 2017. On March 15, 2017, her nomination was reported to the United States Senate. On April 4, 2017, she was confirmed by a vote of 85–14. On February 23, 2018, she announced plans to retire from her position as Deputy Secretary in April of the same year, after serving in the federal government of the U.S. for over thirty years. After John F. Kelly was named White House", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19976721", "score": "1.0395048", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "United States Department of Homeland Security", "text": "the Office of Homeland Security (OHS) to coordinate \"homeland security\" efforts. The office was headed by former Pennsylvania Governor Tom Ridge, who assumed the title of Assistant to the President for Homeland Security. The official announcement stated: Ridge began his duties as OHS director on October 8, 2001. According to Peter Andreas, a border theorist, the creation of DHS constituted the most significant government reorganization since the Cold War, and the most substantial reorganization of federal agencies since the National Security Act of 1947, which placed the different military departments under a secretary of defense and created the National Security", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "687606", "score": "1.0379986", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Rafael Borras", "text": "Rafael Borras Rafael Borras was appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate to serve as the Under Secretary for Management at the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). He joined the Department in April 2010. Rafael earned his degree in political science and public administration from Florida International University. Borras has more than 30 years of management experience, including over 20 years in federal government and city government, and 10 years in the private sector. Prior to his appointment with DHS, Borras served as a Vice President with URS Corporation, a global engineering services firm. Prior to joining URS,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20089064", "score": "1.0317924", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Chief Privacy Officer, Department of Homeland Security", "text": "as its second chief privacy officer in 2006 by Secretary Michael Chertoff. In 2009, Secretary Janet Napalitano appointed Mary Ellen Callahan to the post. Chief Privacy Officer, Department of Homeland Security Chief Privacy Officer, Department of Homeland Security is an appointed position within the United States Department of Homeland Security, which is part of the federal government of the United States in the United States. The chief privacy officer also serves as the chief Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) officer at the Privacy Office of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Pursuant to Section 222 of the Homeland Security Act", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11112259", "score": "1.0261686", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "John F. Kelly", "text": "combatant command responsible for American military operations in Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. Kelly was selected as the first Secretary of Homeland Security in the Trump administration. Kelly earned a reputation for being an aggressive enforcer of immigration law. After six months, he was selected to replace Reince Priebus as White House Chief of Staff in an attempt to bring more stability to the White House. He is the first career military officer to serve in the position since Alexander Haig. President Trump has said Kelly will depart his post as chief of staff near the end of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12737965", "score": "1.0240049", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Patrick G. Carrick", "text": "(DHS) as Deputy Director of the Homeland Security Advanced Research Projects Agency (HSARPA). He became Director of HSARPA in 2015. In 2016 he was also assigned to be the Acting Chief Scientist for the DHS Science and Technology Directorate. In November of 2017 he became the Chief Scientist, Science and Technology Directorate at DHS. Patrick G. Carrick Patrick G. Carrick is a member of the Senior Executive Service and an academic. Before joining the United States Department of Defense, Carrick was Assistant Professor of Physics at Mississippi State University and Director of the Shared Laser Facility at the University of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14861310", "score": "1.0224297", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Arif Alikhan", "text": "lectures on a variety subjects involving homeland and national security issues for U.S. military and civilian security professionals. and is a recognized expert on U.S. government homeland security and counter terrorism policies. Alikhan was appointed to the Obama Administration in 2009 as Assistant Secretary for Policy Development at the United States Department of Homeland Security. He is also a former Deputy Mayor of Homeland Security and Public Safety for the City of Los Angeles, former federal prosecutor with the United States Attorneys Office in Los Angeles, and a former senior adviser to Attorneys General John Ashcroft and Alberto Gonzales while", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12939281", "score": "1.0218344", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "United States Secretary of Homeland Security", "text": "United States Secretary of Homeland Security The United States Secretary of Homeland Security is the head of the United States Department of Homeland Security, the body concerned with protecting the U.S. and the safety of U.S. citizens. The secretary is a member of the President's Cabinet. The position was created by the Homeland Security Act following the attacks of September 11, 2001. The new department consisted primarily of components transferred from other cabinet departments because of their role in homeland security, such as the Coast Guard, the Federal Protective Service, U.S. Customs and Border Protection (which includes the Border Patrol),", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1685793", "score": "1.0215137", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Management", "text": "Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Management The Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Management is a high level civilian official in the United States Department of Homeland Security. The Under Secretary, as head of the Management Directorate at DHS, is the principal staff assistant and adviser to both the Secretary of Homeland Security and the Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security for all aspects of DHS administration, finance, and personnel issues. The Under Secretary is appointed from civilian life by the President with the consent of the Senate to serve at the pleasure of the President. Claire Grady is the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13576359", "score": "1.0190723", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Raymond Kelly", "text": "Senator Charles Schumer and others. During a July 16, 2013 interview, President Obama referred generally to the \"bunch of strong candidates\" for nomination to head the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), but singled out Kelly as \"one of the best there is\" and \"very well qualified for the job\". The next day, Kelly said he was \"flattered\" by Obama's praise but otherwise refused to confirm or deny whether he was interested in the Secretary position. Describing \"a growing campaign to quash the potential nomination of New York City Police Commissioner Raymond Kelly as the next secretary of the Department of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4747509", "score": "1.0181746", "original_retrieval_index": 31 } ]

[ "Ozzie Smith" ]

[ { "title": "Rawlings Gold Glove Award", "text": "second basemen with 10 wins. Other players with 10 or more wins include shortstop Omar Vizquel (11), catcher Johnny Bench (10), third baseman Mike Schmidt (10), and outfielders Ken Griffey Jr., Ichiro Suzuki, Andruw Jones, and Al Kaline (10 each). The only player to win Gold Gloves as an infielder and outfielder is Darin Erstad, who won Gold Gloves as an outfielder in 2000 and 2002 and as a first baseman in 2004, all with the Anaheim Angels. The only other player to win Gold Gloves at multiple positions is Plácido Polanco, who won at second base (2007, 2009 AL)", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2039227", "score": "1.1895285", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Rawlings Gold Glove Award", "text": "2013. In 2011, Rawlings added an annual Platinum Glove Award awarded to the best defensive player in each league as voted by fans. Rawlings Gold Glove Award The Rawlings Gold Glove Award, usually referred to as the Gold Glove, is the award given annually to the Major League Baseball players judged to have exhibited superior individual fielding performances at each fielding position in both the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), as voted by the managers and coaches in each league. It is also awarded to women fastpitch softball players in the National Pro Fastpitch as of 2016.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2039233", "score": "1.1823831", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Darin Erstad", "text": "(3.39) in 2002. Erstad won Gold Glove awards in 2000, 2002, and 2004, when he made a transition from the outfield to first base. He is the only player in MLB history to have won Gold Gloves as an infielder and as an outfielder. He was also the first to win the award at different positions (though all outfield Gold Gloves are voted on together) until Plácido Polanco won an NL Gold Glove as a third baseman for the Philadelphia Phillies in 2011 after having won two Gold Gloves as a second baseman, thus both being infield awards. Though he", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5154202", "score": "1.1703424", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Rawlings Gold Glove Award", "text": "then throws the ball to the first baseman to force out the batter for the second out. Mark Belanger won four Gold Gloves with the Baltimore Orioles alongside winning partner Bobby Grich, and Joe Morgan paired with Dave Concepción for four combination wins with the Cincinnati Reds. The most recent teammates to accomplish the feat are Andrelton Simmons and Ian Kinsler, who won with the Los Angeles Angels in 2018. Since 1957, there have been five Gold Glove batteries. The pitcher and catcher, collectively known as the battery, are the only two players on the field involved in every pitch.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2039231", "score": "1.1553223", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Roberto Alomar", "text": "a record 10 Gold Gloves at the position (1991–96, 1998–2001). He also: Roberto Alomar Roberto \"Robbie\" Alomar Velázquez (; ; born February 5, 1968) is a former Major League Baseball player (1988–2004), regarded highly as a second baseman. During his career, the 12-time All-Star won more Gold Gloves (10) than any other second baseman in baseball history, and also won the third-most Silver Slugger Awards (4) for a second baseman. On January 5, 2011, Alomar was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame, in his second year of eligibility. He became the first Hall of Fame member to be inducted", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2358348", "score": "1.1506357", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Rawlings Gold Glove Award", "text": "and third base (2011 NL). Family pairs to win Gold Gloves include brothers Ken and Clete Boyer (third base), brothers Sandy Alomar, Jr. (catcher) and Roberto Alomar (second base), Bengie and Yadier Molina (catcher), father and son Bobby and Barry Bonds (outfield), and father and son Bob (catcher) and Bret Boone (second base). In 2016, Rawlings announced it would begin awarding a gold glove annually to a female fastpitch softball player in the National Pro Fastpitch league. NPF coaches and managers vote for a winner (excluding those on their respective teams). This award is in addition to the collegiate and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2039228", "score": "1.1384784", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Nolan Arenado", "text": "A native of Newport Beach, California, Arenado attended high school in nearby Lake Forest before becoming the Rockies' second round selection in the 2009 MLB draft. Defensive accolades in addition to the six Gold Gloves include the 2017 and 2018 National League (NL) Platinum Glove and three consecutive of both the Fielding Bible and Wilson Defensive Player of the Year Awards for his position. A four-time selection to the MLB All-Star Game, he is a four-time Silver Slugger Award winner and has twice led the league in both home runs and runs batted in (RBI), and leads all major leaguers", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16081379", "score": "1.1274765", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Rawlings Gold Glove Award", "text": "Rawlings Gold Glove Award The Rawlings Gold Glove Award, usually referred to as the Gold Glove, is the award given annually to the Major League Baseball players judged to have exhibited superior individual fielding performances at each fielding position in both the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), as voted by the managers and coaches in each league. It is also awarded to women fastpitch softball players in the National Pro Fastpitch as of 2016. Managers are not permitted to vote for their own players. Additionally, a sabermetric component provided by Society for American Baseball Research (SABR) accounts", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2039219", "score": "1.1239078", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Rawlings Gold Glove Award", "text": "the majority. Afterwards, Jay Jaffe of \"Sports Illustrated\" wrote that the Gold Gloves \"appear to have significantly closed the gap on their more statistically-driven counterparts.\" SABR and \"FiveThirtyEight\" believed that the impact to the voting results by SDI, which is also included on the voters' ballots, went beyond its 25 own percent weight and also influenced the managers' and coaches' voting. The most Gold Gloves ever won by one player is 18 by pitcher Greg Maddux. He won 13 consecutive awards from 1990 to 2002, all in the National League. Brooks Robinson has the most wins as a third baseman,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2039225", "score": "1.1235672", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "List of Gold Glove Award winners at shortstop", "text": "Ozzie Smith, known as \"the Wizard of Oz\", has won the most Gold Glove Awards at shortstop; he captured 13 awards in his 19 seasons with the St. Louis Cardinals. Omar Vizquel is second among shortstops with 11 wins; he won two with the San Francisco Giants in the National League after winning nine with the Seattle Mariners and the Cleveland Indians in the American League. Luis Aparicio won nine times at shortstop for the third-highest total, followed by Mark Belanger with eight wins. Dave Concepción and Derek Jeter have won five awards; four-time winners at shortstop include Tony Fernández", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Hiroyuki Nakajima", "text": "end, he has made strides in his glovework and won the Golden Glove award at shortstop for the first time in 2008. One major league executive told Ken Rosenthal of Fox Sports that Nakajima's range at shortstop is average \"at best\", and a different evaluator told Buster Olney of ESPN that he is not an everyday player. Hiroyuki Nakajima Nakajima played in the 2008 Beijing Olympics as well as the 2009 World Baseball Classic for the Japanese national team. After the 2011 season, his Japanese team, the Seibu Lions, posted Nakajima to Major League Baseball, but Nakajima failed to reach", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10797031", "score": "1.1177952", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Mark Belanger", "text": "the third-lowest of any major league player with over 5,000 career at bats, ahead of only George McBride (.218) and Ed Brinkman (.224), and the seventh-lowest of any non-catcher with at least 2500 at bats since 1920. His true contribution to the team was on defense, where he earned a reputation as one of the best fielding shortstops ever. Receiving the AL Gold Glove eight times (1969, 1971, 1973–78), he was also named to the All-Star team in 1976. Belanger joined a select group of shortstop-second baseman combinations who each won Gold Gloves in the same season while playing together:", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2432096", "score": "1.1146754", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Manny Machado", "text": "team on his way to leading the league in doubles with 51. He was also recognized as one of the best fielders in the game, winning a Gold Glove Award and the 2013 AL Platinum Glove, given to the best defender at any position. Machado won his second Gold Glove in 2015. His defensive prowess has earned him frequent comparisons to the great Orioles third baseman and Hall of Famer Brooks Robinson, and he was nicknamed \"\"El Ministro de la Defensa\"\" for his defense heroics during the 2017 World Baseball Classic. After committing to play at Florida International University, on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14837421", "score": "1.1136502", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Fielding Bible Award", "text": "Geoff Baker of \"The Seattle Times\" said the votes for the Gold Gloves rely largely on a player's past reputation. Jeff Wilson of \"The Southern Illinoisan\" believes that Gold Glove results are unduly influenced by a player's offensive prowess. Derek Jeter, winner of multiple Gold Gloves, believes that many defensive factors cannot be quantified. Rustin Dodd of \"The Kansas City Star\" noted that people \"point out the primitive nature of defensive stats — even if that's more perception now than reality.\" In 2013, the Gold Glove award partnered with Society for American Baseball Research (SABR) to add a sabermetric component", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15065296", "score": "1.1132433", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Rawlings Gold Glove Award", "text": "for approximately 25 percent of the vote. Eighteen Gold Gloves are awarded each year (with the exception of 1957, 1985, 2007, and 2018), one at each of the nine positions in each league. In 1957, the baseball glove manufacturer Rawlings created the Gold Glove Award to commemorate the best fielding performance at each position. The award was created from a glove made from gold lamé-tanned leather and affixed to a walnut base. Initially, only one Gold Glove per position was awarded to the top fielder at each position in Major League Baseball; however, separate awards were given for the National", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2039220", "score": "1.1106852", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Rawlings Gold Glove Award", "text": "Gloves are selected by managers and coaches that may have seen a player as few as six times during the season. Bill Chuck of Comcast SportsNet New England wrote that Gold Glove voters frequently counted only errors to determine winners. Geoff Baker of \"The Seattle Times\" said the votes for the Gold Gloves rely largely on a player's past reputation. The Associated Press wrote that \"some fans have viewed the Gold Gloves as mostly a popularity contest, even suggesting that a player's performance at the plate helped draw extra attention to his glove.\" After winning the AL Gold Glove at", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2039223", "score": "1.1072392", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Francisco Lindor", "text": "game. Following the conclusion of the tournament, he was named to the 2017 All-WBC team. Francisco Lindor Francisco Miguel Lindor (born November 14, 1993), nicknamed \"Paquito\" and \"Mr. Smile\", is a Puerto Rican professional baseball shortstop for the Cleveland Indians of Major League Baseball (MLB). A right-handed thrower and switch hitter, Lindor stands and weighs . Lindor batted over .300 in both his first two major league seasons and provided outstanding defense. In 2016, he earned each of his first All-Star selection, Gold Glove Award, and Platinum Glove Award, becoming the first Puerto Rican shortstop to win the Gold Glove", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16256738", "score": "1.1067597", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Andruw Jones", "text": "Jones won 10 consecutive Gold Gloves. His 10 Gold Gloves for an outfielder ranks him in a tie for second with Al Kaline, Ichiro Suzuki, and Ken Griffey Jr. for most Gold Gloves won by an outfielder. Jones is also one of five center fielders to record at least 400 putouts in a season six times. The others are Willie Mays, Richie Ashburn, Kirby Puckett, and Max Carey. Being born in Curaçao allowed Jones to be eligible for the Netherlands national baseball team during their participation in the inaugural World Baseball Classic in 2006. Jones would later join the team", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3539669", "score": "1.1051142", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Golden Baseball League", "text": "Gold Glove Winners: Pitcher: James Johnson, Reno Catcher: Marcus Jensen, Reno First base: Desi Wilson, Chico Second base: Rob Gandolfo, Chico Third base: Henry Calderon, Yuma Shortstop: Hector Tena, Yuma Outfielders Chris Klemm, Long Beach; Lino Garcia, Chico; Ryan Webb, Long Beach x-1st half champion, z-2nd half champion and best overall record All-League Team: Catcher: Buddy Morales, Orange County First base: Jaime Martinez, Long Beach Second base: David Bacani, Orange County Third base: Henry Calderon, Yuma Shortstop: Jesse Kovacs, Chico Utility: Ryan Stevenson, St. George Outfielders: Daniel Nava, Chico; Kane Simmons, Reno; Johnny Kaplan, Long Beach Yosvanny Almario, Yuma Designated", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4696145", "score": "1.0945342", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Fielding Bible Award", "text": "to its vote. Afterwards, Jay Jaffe of \"Sports Illustrated\" wrote that the Gold Gloves \"appear to have significantly closed the gap on their more statistically-driven counterparts.\" Fielding Bible Award A Fielding Bible Award recognizes the best defensive player for each fielding position in Major League Baseball (MLB) based on statistical analysis. John Dewan and Baseball Info Solutions conduct the annual selection process, which commenced in 2006. The awards are voted on by 10 sabermetrically inclined journalists and bloggers including Dewan, sabermetric pioneer Bill James, and writers such as Peter Gammons, \"NBC Sports'\" Joe Posnanski, SB Nation editor Rob Neyer, and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15065297", "score": "1.0903895", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Jimmy Rollins", "text": "shortstop\", Rollins has won four Gold Glove Awards, and only Omar Vizquel has a better fielding percentage among shortstops who have played at least 10 seasons. Rollins attributes some of his defensive prowess to experience, noting that he has played in MLB for a long enough time to know most hitters' tendencies and to learn how to read swings, both of which help him appropriately position himself to get to as many balls as possible. In their 2011 season preview, Lindy's Sports commented that Rollins is an upper-echelon shortstop \"with soft hands, excellent agility and plus range left and right\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3453200", "score": "1.083164", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Rawlings Gold Glove Award", "text": "In particular, the pitcher and catcher control the running game with tools such as pickoffs or the strength of the catcher's throwing arm. The first pitcher and catcher on the same team to win Gold Gloves in the same year were Jim Kaat and Earl Battey, with the Minnesota Twins in 1962. Only two pairs of batterymates have won Gold Gloves together more than once: Iván Rodríguez and Kenny Rogers won with the Texas Rangers in 2000, and again with the Detroit Tigers in 2004 and 2006. Yadier Molina and Adam Wainwright matched the feat, winning in both 2009 and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2039232", "score": "1.0800983", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Jason Varitek", "text": "Yastrzemski (,–) and Jim Rice (–). He became one of the three captains in Major League Baseball. Derek Jeter of the New York Yankees and Paul Konerko of the Chicago White Sox were the others. He maintained his captaincy until his retirement before the 2012 season. In , Varitek won his first Gold Glove Award, his first Silver Slugger, and his second All-Star selection. In , Varitek represented the United States in the World Baseball Classic, playing in three games. He made the most of his playing time, hitting a grand slam against Team Canada allowing Team USA to narrow", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3007855", "score": "1.0800242", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Paul Blair (baseball)", "text": "won a Gold Glove. He would also win a Gold Glove over the next four seasons, his last Gold Glove in coinciding with teammate Brooks Robinson winning his 16th consecutive—and last—Gold Glove at third base. On January 20, , Blair was traded to the New York Yankees for outfielders Elliott Maddox and Rick Bladt. On June 18 of that year in a nationally televised game against the Boston Red Sox at Fenway Park, he was tangentially involved in one of the most bizarre scenes in baseball history. Yankee manager Billy Martin took right fielder Reggie Jackson out of the game", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7248921", "score": "1.0782443", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Nellie Fox", "text": "White Sox shortstops from Venezuela, Chico Carrasquel (1950–55) and Luis Aparicio (1956–62). He was the first major league Gold Glove Award winner for a second baseman in , and he received two more Gold Glove awards in and . Between August 1956 and September 1960, Fox played a major-league record 798 consecutive games at second base. In 1959 and 1960, the Aparicio-Fox middle infield duo won two Gold Gloves twice for their respective positions, starting a select list of eight shortstop-second baseman combinations who have both won Gold Gloves in the same season. Fox led the league's second basemen in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2907504", "score": "1.0736642", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Alex Gordon", "text": "won a Fielding Bible Award as the best fielding left fielder in MLB. He also won the Rawlings Gold Glove. Gordon finished the 2012 season with a .294 batting average and led the majors with doubles, totaling 51 doubles. 2013 was another exceptional year for Gordon. He finished with the season with 90 runs scored, 168 hits, 27 doubles, six triples, 20 home runs, 81 RBIs, and a .265 batting average. He earned his third consecutive Gold Glove Award for his spectacular defense in left field and earned his first career All Star selection. In the 2014 season, Gordon scored", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7836992", "score": "1.0727674", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Orlando Hudson", "text": "in major league history to win a Gold Glove award in both the American and National Leagues. He was also honored with a Fielding Bible Award as the best fielding second baseman in MLB. Hudson was selected to his first All-Star Game in 2007, and won his third Gold Glove that season. He also raised his batting average from his previous career-high of .287 set the year before to a .294 clip. In 2008 Hudson raised his average for the third straight year. While hitting over .300 for the first time in his career. With a career-best .305 batting average.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4694831", "score": "1.0699825", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Doug Flynn", "text": "batted .419 (13 for 31) with five runs scored and five RBIs to be named NL Player of the Week. Still, Flynn's greatest contribution to his club was with his glove. His .991 fielding percentage was tops in the league, and earned him the National League Gold Glove Award at second base. He was just the third Met ever to receive this honor (Tommie Agee in and Bud Harrelson in being the first two). Flynn signed a new five-year contract before the season, but that did not prevent it from being his last season as a Met. With top prospect", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10088101", "score": "1.0698154", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Willie Mays", "text": "are the only outfielders to have ten or more career Gold Gloves. In 1957, Mays become the fourth player in major league history to join the 20–20–20 club (2B, 3B, HR), something no player had accomplished since 1941. Mays also stole 38 bases that year, making him the second player in baseball history (after Frank Schulte in 1911) to reach 20 in each of those four categories (doubles, triples, homers, steals) in the same season. After the 1957 season, the Giants franchise relocated to San Francisco, California. Mays bought two homes in San Francisco, then lived in nearby Atherton. As", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "724813", "score": "1.0692241", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Orlando Hudson", "text": "in , when he won his first American League Gold Glove Award while with the Toronto Blue Jays. In , Hudson was traded to the Arizona Diamondbacks along with pitcher Miguel Batista for third baseman Troy Glaus and shortstop prospect Sergio Santos. In the season, his first full season with Arizona, Hudson set career-highs in batting average with a .287, in home runs with 15, in RBI with 67, and runs scored with 87. After the 2006 season, Hudson became the recipient of his second career Gold Glove Award, as announced on November 3. Hudson became only the sixth infielder", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4694830", "score": "1.0691204", "original_retrieval_index": 32 } ]

[ "Don Majkowski", "Quarterback Don Majkowski" ]

[ { "title": "Reggie White", "text": "at the school; a commemorative sign was also unveiled in the south end of Neyland Stadium. During a halftime presentation at Lambeau Field on September 18, 2005, White became the fifth Green Bay Packer to have his number retired by the franchise. On December 5, 2005, the Philadelphia Eagles retired his jersey in a halftime ceremony during the Eagles' \"Monday Night Football\" game with the Seattle Seahawks, which were coached by Mike Holmgren, White's former coach in Green Bay. White became the first player in NFL history to have his number officially retired by multiple teams. The Packers and the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2841033", "score": "1.052742", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "William Henderson (American football)", "text": "knee injury. At the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Henderson finished his career with 145 carries for 750 yards (5.17 yards per carry avg.) and 14 receptions for 97 yards (6.93 yards per rec. avg.). Henderson was drafted by the Green Bay Packers in 1995, and has played every season in his career with the Packers. He came into the league as number 30, but after cornerback Doug Evans left, changed his number to 33. Henderson was durable and effective for the Packers, solidifying the team at fullback after moving into the starting role in 1996. Nine times", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4255042", "score": "1.038731", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Carlton Massey", "text": "in his career that was returned 24 yards. Carlton Massey Carlton Massey (January 17, 1930 – May 22, 1989) was a professional American football defensive lineman who played in the National Football League (NFL) for the Cleveland Browns (1954–1956) and Green Bay Packers (1957–1958). He attended Southwestern University and the University of Texas. He was drafted by the Browns in the eighth round (95th overall) of the 1953 NFL draft and participated in the 1955 Pro Bowl. He wore the number 82 with the Browns and the number 81 with the Packers. Massey played a total of 49 games in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10323884", "score": "1.0344522", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Dave Bradley", "text": "Dave Bradley Dave Bradley was a guard in the National Football League. Bradley was born David Earl Bradley on February 13, 1947 in Burnham, Pennsylvania. He died on October 1, 2010. Bradley was drafted by the Green Bay Packers in the second round of the 1969 NFL Draft and played his first three seasons with the team. During his final season in the NFL, he was a member of the St. Louis Cardinals. He also played for the Chicago Fire of the World Football League in 1974. He wore number 61 for the Packers, 55 for the Cardinals and 64", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15094590", "score": "1.0318091", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Russ Letlow", "text": "one more season in 1946. Letlow was inducted into the Green Bay Packers Hall of Fame in 1972. Letlow is one of ten players that were named to the National Football League 1930s All-Decade Team that have not been inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame. Russ Letlow Willard Russell \"Russ\" Letlow (October 5, 1913 – October 12, 1987) was an American football guard and tackle who played professionally for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL). Letlow played his college career at the University of San Francisco. Prior to the 1936 NFL Draft, college players", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6095809", "score": "1.0313859", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Ray Nitschke", "text": "December 2, 1957. However, he was chosen by the Green Bay Packers late in the third round (36th overall) of what is considered the greatest draft in the franchise's history. It included three other significant Packers of the 1960s, linebacker Dan Currie of Michigan State (3rd overall), fullback Jim Taylor of LSU (15th overall) and right guard Jerry Kramer of Idaho (39th overall). Their rookie season in 1958 under first-year head coach Ray \"Scooter\" McLean was dismal, with just one win and one tie for the worst record in the twelve-team league. Nitschke wore number 33 in 1958 and 66", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4351890", "score": "1.0295583", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Russ Letlow", "text": "Russ Letlow Willard Russell \"Russ\" Letlow (October 5, 1913 – October 12, 1987) was an American football guard and tackle who played professionally for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL). Letlow played his college career at the University of San Francisco. Prior to the 1936 NFL Draft, college players were free agents that could sign with an NFL team; Letlow had signed with the Chicago Cardinals prior to the draft. Subsequently, he was chosen by the Green Bay Packers as their first-round draft pick in the inaugural 1936 NFL Draft. After being drafted by Green Bay,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6095807", "score": "1.0286312", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Red Dunn", "text": "Red Dunn Joseph Aloysius \"Red\" Dunn (June 21, 1901 – January 15, 1957) was a professional American football player who played running back and was an exceptional punter for eight seasons for the Milwaukee Badgers, Chicago Cardinals, and Green Bay Packers. He was inducted into the Green Bay Packers Hall of Fame in 1976. He is the grandfather of former quarterback Jason Gesser. Nicknamed \"Red\" for the color of his hair, Dunn possessed an equally colorful personality. He earned five letters competing in football, basketball and baseball at Marquette Academy. Dunn later attended Marquette University, earning All-America honors while leading", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10437738", "score": "1.0254664", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Notre Dame Fighting Irish football", "text": "each player is given a card which lists some of the more famous players who have worn that particular number. Number 3 is perhaps the most famous number in Irish football history, having been worn by Ralph Guglielmi, George Izo, Daryle Lamonica, Coley O'Brien, Joe Montana, Michael Floyd, Rick Mirer and Ron Powlus, among others. Number 5 is also notable, as it is the only number to be worn by one of the Four Horsemen (Elmer Layden) a Heisman Trophy Winner (Paul Hornung) and a National Title winning Quarterback (Terry Hanratty). Number 7 has been worn by such Irish greats", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4216140", "score": "1.0170835", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "List of Green Bay Packers retired numbers", "text": "In the 2013 training camp pre-season games, jersey No. 1 has been worn by rookie wide receiver Alex Gillett, and No. 5 by rookie wide receiver Omarius Hines. Quarterback Don Majkowski wore No. 5 his rookie season (1987) before switching to No. 7.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Carlton Massey", "text": "Carlton Massey Carlton Massey (January 17, 1930 – May 22, 1989) was a professional American football defensive lineman who played in the National Football League (NFL) for the Cleveland Browns (1954–1956) and Green Bay Packers (1957–1958). He attended Southwestern University and the University of Texas. He was drafted by the Browns in the eighth round (95th overall) of the 1953 NFL draft and participated in the 1955 Pro Bowl. He wore the number 82 with the Browns and the number 81 with the Packers. Massey played a total of 49 games in his five NFL seasons. He had one interception", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10323883", "score": "1.015814", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Willie Davis (defensive end)", "text": "Willie Davis (defensive end) Willie D. Davis (born July 24, 1934) is a former American football defensive end for the Cleveland Browns and the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL). Davis graduated from Grambling State University. Davis wore number 87 during his career with the Packers. For 10 seasons, Davis anchored the Packers' defensive line, playing 138 consecutive regular-season games and part of 162 regular-season games for his NFL career. Davis was a member of all five of Lombardi's NFL title-winning teams and played in Super Bowls I and II. Davis played in an era when neither", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6149551", "score": "1.009229", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Travis Williams (running back)", "text": "four seasons with the Packers and two with the Los Angeles Rams, before a knee injury ended his career prematurely in the 1972 season. Travis Williams (running back) Travis Williams (January 14, 1946 – February 17, 1991) was an American football player for the Green Bay Packers. Williams attended Harry Ells High School, Contra Costa College and Arizona State University, before being selected in the 1967 NFL Draft at the insistence of Packers' coach Vince Lombardi. He returned four kickoffs for touchdowns in his rookie season in 1967, setting an NFL record. Among the returns were two in one quarter", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9555633", "score": "1.0042562", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "2015 Green Bay Packers season", "text": "a bye week. The Packers flew to Denver for a duel with Peyton Manning and the undefeated Denver Broncos. The Broncos wore their alternate blue uniforms with white pants as worn in Super Bowl XXXII. Packers cornerbacks Sam Shields and rookie cornerback Quinten Rollins suffered a shoulder injury in the game and their returns were questionable. The Broncos took the lead early in the first quarter when Ronnie Hillman scored a 1-yard touchdown. In the second quarter, Hillman scored another touchdown and the Broncos led 14–0. The Broncos lead became 17–0 when Brandon McManus made a 50-yard field goal. Von", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18356895", "score": "1.0034286", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Johnnie Gray", "text": "Gray was a football analyst for a FOX affiliate. He is now a uniform inspector for the National Football League. He also co-hosts Pack Attack TV program on central Wisconsin's local ABC WAOW. Johnnie Gray Johnnie Lee Gray (born December 18, 1953) is an American retired professional football player. Gray was a safety in the National Football League with the Green Bay Packers. Gray was born in Lake Charles, Louisiana and graduated from Lompoc High School in Lompoc, California. He played college football at Allan Hancock College and California State University, Fullerton. He was an undrafted rookie with the Green", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9552542", "score": "1.0012937", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Bill Reichardt", "text": "Bill Reichardt William John Reichardt (June 24, 1930 – June 1, 2004) was a fullback and placekicker in the National Football League who played for the Green Bay Packers. Reichardt played collegiate ball for the University of Iowa before being drafted by Green Bay Packers in the 7th round of the 1952 NFL Draft. He played professionally for one season, in 1952. Reichardt subsequently opened a men's clothing store in Des Moines, Ia., and became a prominent businessman and community leader. An engaging speaker with homespun charm, Reichardt's business motto was that no sale was ever final and that if", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12882965", "score": "1.0008328", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Ryan Longwell", "text": "Green Bay Packers off waivers from the San Francisco 49ers in 1997. With the Packers, Longwell played in Super Bowl XXXII, where he kicked one field goal and three extra points in their 31-24 loss to the Denver Broncos. He spent his first 9 seasons playing for the Packers, and scored over 120 points during 6 of those seasons. By the end of his 7th season in Green Bay, Longwell had passed Hall of Famer Don Hutson to become the Packers all-time leading scorer. And while Mason Crosby has since passed him, Longwell remains second on Green Bay’s all-time scoring", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4195540", "score": "1.0008218", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Kabeer Gbaja-Biamila", "text": "30. Later on in the week, the Elias Sports Bureau reviewed game footage and credited Gbaja-Biamila with a third sack on Kelly Holcomb, who was originally ruled as rushing for zero yards. Gbaja-Biamila played in seven games (one start) for the Packers in 2008, recording nine tackles, half a sack and a pass defensed. He was released on November 1 after the team activated defensive tackle Justin Harrell from the Physically Unable to Perform (PUP) list. He was a 2013 inductee, along with Packer kicker Chris Jacke, into the Green Bay Packers Hall of Fame. Gbaja-Biamila was the fifth child", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4255029", "score": "1.0005329", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Bob Skoronski", "text": "Bob Skoronski Bob Skoronski (born Robert Francis Skowronski; March 5, 1934 – October 30, 2018) was an American football player who played tackle in the National Football League for the Green Bay Packers for eleven seasons. Born in Ansonia, Connecticut, Skoronski grew up in Derby with Three brothers and a sister. He went to high school at Fairfield College Preparatory School, graduating in 1951. He then attended Admiral Billard Academy in New London for a year. He played college football at Indiana University in Bloomington. As a senior in 1955, he was the Hoosiers' most valuable player and averaged fifty", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9814110", "score": "0.9999939", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Ahman Green", "text": "number, 30, taken by fullback John Kuhn, Green chose to wear No. 34 in honor of former Chicago Bears running back Walter Payton. On November 8, 2009 Green broke Jim Taylor's record to become the all-time leading rusher in Packer history. Green played for the Omaha Nighthawks of the United Football League. Green was a part of the Nighthawks' 40-man protected roster. On February 7, 2011, the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League announced they signed Green to a tryout contract. On March 9, 2011, it was announced that he had signed a two-year contract with the Alouettes. Green", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3942333", "score": "0.9983649", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Doug Hart", "text": "manufacturer. He also ran a textile factory and, late in his career, became a licensed fly fishing guide in Florida. He moved back to Minnesota in 2007 to be closer to his children and grandchildren. Doug Hart Douglas Wayne Hart (born June 6, 1939), is a former professional American football player, a defensive back who played eight seasons for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League. Born and raised in Handley, Texas, which was later annexed by Fort Worth, Hart played high school football at Handley High School in Fort Worth. He played two years of junior college", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10963210", "score": "0.997443", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Don Hutson", "text": "has been honored in a variety of ways. He was elected to the Wisconsin Athletic Hall of Fame as a charter member in 1951, and the Alabama Sports Hall of Fame in 1968, also as an initial member. His number 14 was the first number retired by the Packers, in a public ceremony at a game at City Stadium on December 2, 1951. Hutson Street in the Packerland Industrial Park in Green Bay is named for him, and in 1994 the Packers named their new state-of-the-art indoor practice facility across the street from Lambeau Field the \"Don Hutson Center.\" Hutson", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3348983", "score": "0.9971908", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Travis Williams (running back)", "text": "Travis Williams (running back) Travis Williams (January 14, 1946 – February 17, 1991) was an American football player for the Green Bay Packers. Williams attended Harry Ells High School, Contra Costa College and Arizona State University, before being selected in the 1967 NFL Draft at the insistence of Packers' coach Vince Lombardi. He returned four kickoffs for touchdowns in his rookie season in 1967, setting an NFL record. Among the returns were two in one quarter against the Cleveland Browns to set another league record. He also set the record for single-season kickoff return average with 41.06 yards, while playing", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9555632", "score": "0.9944273", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Jim DeLisle", "text": "November 1968 game against Indiana, DeLisle won a team black helmet award for outstanding defensive play despite Wisconsin's 21-20 loss. DeLisle was a second-team All-Big Ten Conference selection in 1970. Not selected in the 1971 NFL Draft, DeLisle played 9 games with the Green Bay Packers in 1971. After earning a BBA in real estate in 1971 and MS in marketing research at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, DeLisle earned his Ph.D in real estate and urban land economics from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1981. During the 1980s, DeLisle worked in various businesses and joined Prudential Real Estate Investors in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13650329", "score": "0.9917871", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Bill Butler (American football)", "text": "Bill Butler (American football) William R. Butler (born July 10, 1937 in Berlin, Wisconsin) is a former American football safety in the National Football League for the Green Bay Packers (1959), the Dallas Cowboys (1960), the Pittsburgh Steelers (1961) and the Minnesota Vikings (1962–1964). He played college football at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga. Butler attended Berlin High School (Wisconsin), before moving on to the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga. In 1988, he was inducted into the UTC Athletics Hall of Fame. Butler was selected by the Green Bay Packers in the 19th round (217th overall) of the 1959", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10792632", "score": "0.9885961", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Charlie Mathys", "text": "Directors for many years. He was inducted into the Green Bay Packers Hall of Fame in 1977. [*] = Unofficial statistics due to record keeping error in the 1920s. Statistics are based on packershistory.net. The totals have been adjusted to the career totals accounted for in the Pro Football Chronicle by Dan Daly and Bob O'Donnell. Charlie Mathys Charles Peter \"Charlie\" Mathys (June 20, 1897 – January 18, 1983) was an American professional football player. He played running back for one season (1920-1921) for the Hammond Pros and Quarterback, Kicker, and Punt Returner for five seasons (1922-1926) for the Green", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10437774", "score": "0.9873191", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Von Hutchins", "text": "intern with the Green Bay Packers in 2011. Von Hutchins Tahaya De'Von Hutchins (born February 14, 1981 in Natchez, Mississippi) is a former American football defensive back. He was drafted by the Indianapolis Colts in the sixth round of the 2004 NFL Draft. He played college football at the University of Mississippi. Hutchins was also a member of the Houston Texans and Atlanta Falcons in his career. The defensive back played 38 games with 16 starts for the Indianapolis Colts and Houston Texans from 2004-07, and Atlanta Falcons 2008-2009. Von Hutchins joined the Oakland Raiders as a Pro Scout in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6672539", "score": "0.98656327", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Ron Kramer", "text": "of Michigan Athletic Hall of Honor in 1978. Kramer was selected by the Green Bay Packers as the fourth pick in the 1957 NFL Draft and played for the Packers for seven seasons (1957, 1959–1964). He was a key player on coach Vince Lombardi's first NFL championship teams in 1961 and 1962. Kramer was selected as a first-team All-NFL player in 1962 after catching 37 passes for 555 yards and seven touchdowns. He also played three seasons for the Detroit Lions from 1965 to 1967. Born in Girard, Kansas, Kramer moved to East Detroit, Michigan (now Eastpointe) at age five.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5280498", "score": "0.98611295", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Mike McCoy (defensive tackle)", "text": "was the first pick of the Green Bay Packers and second player overall selected in the 1970 NFL Draft. McCoy was named Packers Rookie of the Year in 1970 and led the Packers in quarterback sacks in 1973 and 1976. He played eleven years in the NFL – seven with Green Bay, two with the Oakland Raiders and two with the New York Giants. Mike received many awards including the Packers Rookie of the Year, Packers Dodge NFL Man of the Year, Notre Dame Pro Player of the Year, and induction into the Erie, PA Pro Hall of Fame, Cathedral", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9552923", "score": "0.98608077", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Brad Van Pelt", "text": "Bill Arnsparger, John McVay, Ray Perkins, and Bill Parcells. Van Pelt wore number 10 with the Giants, his college number, even though the NFL instituted a Jersey numbering system for the 1973 NFL season, which limited linebackers entering the league to numbers 50 through 59. He was allowed to wear 10 because he was the backup kicker in his rookie year. Van Pelt wore number 91 with the Raiders and wore number 50 with the Browns. In addition to being teammates, the four Crunch Bunch members were close friends. They knew each other longer as buddies than as players and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6136047", "score": "0.98568475", "original_retrieval_index": 28 } ]

[ "beloved religious leaders", "prophets" ]

[ { "title": "A Man Called God", "text": "A Man Called God A Man Called God (; also known as The Man Almighty) is a 2010 South Korean television series starring Song Il-gook, Han Chae-young, Kim Min-jong, Han Go-eun and Yoo In-young. It aired on MBC from March 6 to May 23, 2010 on Saturdays and Sundays at 21:45 for 24 episodes. The -budget action-romance series is based on the 1999 comic book of the same title by manhwa writer Park Bong-seong. Choi Kang-ta is a super agent with a feared reputation who gains powers similar to a god. As a child, he lost his parents and was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17420424", "score": "1.0151653", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Christophany", "text": "of Christ in the form of a man.\" Some church fathers such as Origen and later theologians such as Martin Luther believed another example is the \"Man\" who appears to Joshua, and identifies himself as \"the commander of the army of the LORD.\" (Joshua 5:13-15). The standard argument that this was in fact Christ is that he accepted Joshua's prostrate worship, whereas angels refuse such worship ; see Revelation 19:9-10. Additionally, he declared the ground to be holy; elsewhere in the Bible, only things or places set aside for God or claimed by him are called holy; see Exodus 3:5.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5567664", "score": "0.978251", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Son of man (Christianity)", "text": "mainstream Trinitarian context it is the Son of God title which implies the full divinity of Jesus as part of the Holy Trinity of Father, Son and the Spirit. In the 5th century, Saint Augustine wrote at length on the Son of God and its relationship with the Son of man, positioning the two issues in terms of the dual nature of Jesus as both divine and human in terms of the hypostatic union. He wrote: Christ Jesus, the Son of God, is God and Man: God before all worlds, man in our world... But since he is the only", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16801647", "score": "0.9282752", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Son of God", "text": "Son of God Historically, many rulers have assumed titles such as son of God, son of a god or son of heaven. The term \"son of God\" is sometimes used in the Old and New Testaments of the Christian Bible to refer to those with special relationships with God. In the Old Testament, angels, just and pious men, and the kings of Israel are all called \"sons of God.\" In the New Testament, Adam, and, most notably, Jesus Christ are called \"son of God,\" while followers of Jesus are called, \"sons of God.\" In the New Testament, \"Son of God\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "377157", "score": "0.92205167", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Son of man (Christianity)", "text": "Son of God, by nature and not by grace, he became also the Son of Man that he might be full of grace as well. Although Son of man is a distinct concept from Son of God, some gospel passages may seem to equate them in some cases, e.g. in , during the Sanhedrin trial of Jesus when the high priest asked Jesus: \"Are you the Messiah, the Son of the Blessed one?\" Jesus responded \"I am: and you shall see the Son of man sitting at the right hand of Power, and coming with the clouds of heaven.\". This", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16801648", "score": "0.92074335", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Enos (biblical figure)", "text": "in attendance. According to Matthew George Easton, 19th century Scottish Presbyerian Preacher and author of Easton's Bible Dictionary, \"In his time 'men began to call upon the name of the Lord' (Gen. 4:26), meaning either (1) then began men to call themselves by the name of the Lord (marg.) i.e., to distinguish themselves thereby from idolaters; or (2) then men in some public and earnest way began to call upon the Lord, indicating a time of spiritual revival\" according to the Book of Jubilees According to the Mandaean scriptures including the Qolastā, the Book of John and Genzā Rabbā, Enosh", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7523006", "score": "0.91526437", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Today's New International Version", "text": "\"So God created human beings in his own image.\" Older translations use the word \"man\" to translate the word \"’adam\" employed in the Hebrew language, the same word used as the proper name of the first man married to the first woman, Eve. Matthew 5:9 reads: \"Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called children of God.\" Here, the Greek word \"huioi\" is translated \"children\" rather than \"sons\" as found in other modern English translations such as the New American Standard Bible and the Amplified Bible. However, the 1611 Authorized King James Version also renders this passage as \"children\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "475340", "score": "0.9081295", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Son of man (Christianity)", "text": "seem to distinguish \"Son of man\" sharply from \"Christ/Messiah\" or \"Son of God\". For Mark, the Davidic Messiah and Daniel's Son of man are one and same person, and their name is Jesus. In , the reply that Jesus makes to the high priest's question (\"Are you the Messiah, the Son of the Blessed One?\") conveys some glorious connotations of \"the Son of God\" as a figure who will come in triumph on the clouds of heaven to judge his enemies: \"I am; and you will see the Son of man seated at the right hand of the Power, and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16801636", "score": "0.9077175", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Son of God (Christianity)", "text": "refers to a righteous man as the son of God. In the Book of Ecclesiasticus 4:10 in the Hebrew text God calls a person who acts righteously his son. The Greek reads slightly different here he will be \"like a son of the Most High\". Through the centuries, the theological development of the concept of Son of God has interacted with other Christological elements such as pre-existence of Christ, Son of man, the hypostatic union, etc. For instance, in Johannine \"Christology from above\" which begins with the pre-existence of Christ, Jesus did not become Son of God through the virgin", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19582283", "score": "0.90233725", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Man of God", "text": "Man of God is a biblical title of respect applied to prophets and beloved religious leaders. The term appears 78 times in 72 verses of the Bible, in application to up to 13 individuals:", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Son of God", "text": "on Psalm 82. In both Joseph and Aseneth and the related text The Story of Asenath, Joseph is referred to as the son of God. In the Prayer of Joseph both Jacob and the angel are referred to as angels and the sons of God. This style of naming is also used for some rabbis in the Talmud. In Christianity, the title Son of God refers to the status of Jesus as the divine son of God the Father. It derives from several uses in the New Testament and early Christian theology. The terms \"son of God\" and \"son of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "377174", "score": "0.9019195", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Shemot (parsha)", "text": "six parasangs. Expanding on “And God said to Moses . . . ,” Rabbi Abba bar Memel taught that in response to the request of Moses to know God’s Name, God told Moses that God is called according to God’s work — sometimes Scripture calls God “Almighty God,” “Lord of Hosts,” “God,” or “Lord.” When God judges created beings, Scripture calls God “God,” and when God wages war against the wicked, Scripture calls God “Lord of Hosts” (as in and ). When God suspends judgment for a person’s sins, Scripture calls God “El Shadday” (“Almighty God”), and when God is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6602650", "score": "0.9002213", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "The New Church (Swedenborgian)", "text": "Him, which is known in the New Church as the \"Divine Human\". The Father is the inmost Divine which became outwardly manifest in a human form, known as the Son. As the Lord is one with the Father, the Lord's Prayer is directed to the Lord only. In the phrase \"Our Father, who art in heaven, Hallowed be Thy name\" the word \"name\" is everything by which God is worshipped, especially His Divine Human, the Son, by which He is approached. In scripture it is known that Jesus at times prayed to the Father, and at other times declared Himself", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7675623", "score": "0.8982211", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Patriology", "text": "referring to God as \"Father\". In the Old Testament, God is called by the title \"Father\". The God is seen as \"Father\" to all men because he created the world (and in that sense \"fathered\" the world). In the Hebrew Scriptures, in Isaiah 63:16 (JP) it reads: \"For You are our father, for Abraham did not know us, neither did Israel recognize us; You, O Lord, are our father; our redeemer of old is your name.\" According to Judaism, God is attributed with fatherly role of protector. He is titled the Father of the poor, of the widows and orphans.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19580761", "score": "0.8957528", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Son of man (Christianity)", "text": "although the complete Judgment (Last judgment?) will occur at the Great White Throne judgment at the end of the age. See Book of Revelation 20 and Christian eschatology. Hebrews 2:6-9 states: The title \"Son of Man\" is used nine times in the Book of Moses, a work considered canonical scripture by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and included in its publication The Pearl of Great Price. Coinciding with Nontrinitarianism, Moses 6:57 suggests that a name of God the Father is \"Man of Holiness,\" and that the title \"Son of Man\" points to Jesus' divine sonship: The interpretation", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16801629", "score": "0.89347506", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament", "text": "the humanity of Jesus just as son of God affirms his divinity. In the 5th century, Saint Augustine viewed the duality of son of God and son of man in terms of the dual nature of Christ in hypostatic union, in that the son of God became the son of man through the act of incarnation and wrote: \"Since he is the only Son of God by nature, he became also the Son of Man that he might be full of grace as well.\" Geza Vermes has argued that \"the son of man\" in the Gospels is unrelated to these", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3589712", "score": "0.8916104", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Independent Presbyterian Church (Memphis, Tennessee)", "text": "Man is completely incapable within himself to reach out towards God. Man is totally at enmity with God, cf. Romans 3:10-23. (2) Unconditional election by the grace of God. There is absolutely no condition in any person for which God would save him. As a matter of fact, long before man was created, God chose or predestined some to everlasting life. He did this out of His mere good pleasure, cf. Ephesians 1:4 and 5. (3) Particular atonement. God in His infinite mercy, in order to accomplish the planned redemption, sent His own Son, Jesus Christ, to die as a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18696376", "score": "0.8912253", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Ki Tissa", "text": "Moses to know God's Name, God told Moses that God is called according to God's work — sometimes Scripture calls God “Almighty God,” “Lord of Hosts,” “God,” or “Lord.” When God judges created beings, Scripture calls God “God,” and when God wages war against the wicked, Scripture calls God “Lord of Hosts” (as in and ). When God suspends judgment for a person's sins, Scripture calls God “El Shadday” (“Almighty God”), and when God is merciful towards the world, Scripture calls God “Adonai” (“Lord”), for “Adonai” refers to the Attribute of Mercy, as says: “The Lord, the Lord (Adonai, Adonai),", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7132409", "score": "0.88862455", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Uzair", "text": "unity with, God\". The title of son of God (servant of God ) is used by the Jews for any pious person as is evident according to Encyclopedia of Judaism which states that the title of son of God is attributed by the Jews \"to any one whose piety has placed him in a filial relation to God (see Wisdom ii. 13, 16, 18; v. 5, where \"the sons of God\" are identical with \"the saints\"; comp. Ecclus. [Sirach] iv. 10). It is through such personal relations that the individual becomes conscious of God's fatherhood.\" Jews consider Ezra among the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11140417", "score": "0.8872286", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Servant of God", "text": "Saints. An incomplete list can be found in the List of Servants of God and Candidates for sainthood. \"Servant of God\" is not considered a canonical title in a strict sense by the Catholic Church (as for instance \"Venerable\" or \"Blessed\" are), but only a technical term used in the process of beatification. Hence, any of the faithful can be named a \"Servant of God\" in a larger frame of meaning. A guru or sat guru in various traditions of Hinduism is given the name Dasa, or \"servant of God\". A teacher also can be called \"uda ka das\", which", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5156244", "score": "0.886012", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Son of God (Christianity)", "text": "introduction to the Genesis flood narrative, refers to \"sons of God\" who married the daughters of men and is used in a polytheistic context to refer to angels. In , the Israelites as a people are called \"my firstborn son\" by God using the singular form. In some versions of Deuteronomy the Dead Sea Scrolls refer to the sons of God rather than the sons of Israel, probably in reference to angels. The Septuagint reads similarly. In , David calls God his father. God in turn tells David that he will make David his first-born and highest king of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19582277", "score": "0.88523376", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Son of man (Christianity)", "text": "can be interpreted. In Judaism, \"son of man\" denotes mankind generally in contrast to deity or godhead, with special reference to their weakness and frailty (; ; ; ; , etc.) or the term \"ben adam\" is but a formal substitute for the personal pronoun. Sixty-nine times in the Synoptic Gospels Jesus calls himself (the) \"Son of man\", a Greek expression which in its Aramaic (and Hebrew) background could be an oblique way for indicating the speaker's own self (e.g., ), or else simply mean \"someone\" or \"a human being\" (as in , where it is a poetic variant for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16801632", "score": "0.8826469", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Artemon", "text": "God. For who does not know the works of Irenaeus and of Melito and of others which teach that Christ is God and man? And how many psalms and hymns, written by the faithful brethren from the beginning, celebrate Christ the Word of God, speaking of Him as Divine. How then since the opinion held by the Church has been preached for so many years, can its preaching have deen delayed as they affirm, until the times of Victor? Eusebius states that: They do not endeavor to learn what the Divine Scriptures declare, but strive laboriously after any form of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6034121", "score": "0.8820104", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Protevangelium", "text": "our Lord Jesus Christ be with you. Amen.\" Here the seed of the woman is identified as \"the God of peace\" and yet the Church is identified as the feet that will bruise Satan's head. From the masculine singular Hebrew pronoun in Genesis 3:15, we see that the seed of the woman is a man, and yet in Romans 16:20 he is called the God of peace, which identifies him as the Lord Jesus Christ. There is a direct reference to the Protevangelium in the opening moments of Mel Gibson's \"The Passion of the Christ\", when the character of Jesus,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16373808", "score": "0.8807145", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Man of sin", "text": "will occur after the rebuilding of the Third Temple in Jerusalem and the restoration of temple sacrifices. He will break his peace treaty with Israel 3 years into the plan, enter the \"rebuilt Third Temple\" and perform the abomination of desolation by setting up an idol of himself in the Temple and declare himself God. Man of sin The man of sin (, \"ho anthrōpos tēs anomias\"; also translated \"man of lawlessness\") is a figure referred to in the Christian Bible in the Second Epistle to the Thessalonians. He is usually equated with the Antichrist in Christian eschatology. In ,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6419708", "score": "0.87951756", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Acharei Mot", "text": "as says, \"male and female created He them, and blessed them, and called their name Adam,\" that is, \"man\" (and thus only together are they \"man\"). Some say a man without a wife even impairs the Divine likeness, as says, \"For in the image of God made He man,\" and immediately thereafter says, \"And you, be fruitful, and multiply (implying that the former is impaired if one does not fulfill the latter). The Mishnah taught that they handed the scapegoat over to him who was to lead it away. All were permitted to lead it away, but the Priests made", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7541319", "score": "0.87907225", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament", "text": "speaks to the author. In the Gospel of John Jesus is not just a messianic figure, nor a prophet like Moses, but the key emphasis is on his dual role as son of God and son of man. Although son of man is a distinct from son of God, some gospel passages equate them in some cases, e.g. in , during the Sanhedrin trial of Jesus when the high priest asked Jesus: \"Art thou the Christ, the Son of the Blessed?\" Jesus responded \"I am: and ye shall see the Son of man sitting at the right hand of Power,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3589710", "score": "0.878028", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Son of God (Christianity)", "text": "in terms of the dual nature of Jesus as both divine and human in terms of the hypostatic union. He wrote: Christ Jesus, the Son of God, is God and Man: God before all worlds, man in our world... But since he is the only Son of God, by nature and not by grace, he became also the Son of Man that he might be full of grace as well. However, unlike \"Son of God\", the proclamation of Jesus as the Son of man has never been an article of faith in Christianity. The interpretation of the use of \"the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19582286", "score": "0.8768552", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Son of man", "text": "Son of man \"Son of man\", \"son of Adam\", or \"like a man\" are phrases used in the Hebrew Bible, various apocalyptic works of the intertestamental period, and in the Greek New Testament. In the indefinite form (\"son of Adam\", \"son of man\", \"like a man\") used in the Hebrew Bible it is a form of address, or it contrasts human beings against God and the angels, or contrasts foreign nations (like Persia and Babylon), which are often represented as animals in apocalyptic writings (bear, goat, or ram), with Israel which is represented as human (a \"son of man\"), or", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "776736", "score": "0.8733007", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Clementine literature", "text": "(xvi, 15–18, and xx, 7–8). The writer calls God \"autopator\" and \"autogennetos\", and both Mother and Father of men. His idea of a changeable God and an unchangeable Son projected from the best modification of God has been mentioned above. This ingenious doctrine enables the writer to accept the words of the Nicene definition, while denying their sense. The Son may be called God, for so may men be, but not in the strict sense. He is \"homoousios to Patri\", begotten \"ek tes ousias\", He is not \"treptos\" or \"alloiotos\". Apparently He is not \"ktistos\", nor was there a time", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3152653", "score": "0.8721645", "original_retrieval_index": 28 } ]

[ "Maginot Line", "The Maginot Line" ]

[ { "title": "Séré de Rivières system", "text": "Séré de Rivières system The Séré de Rivières system was named after Raymond Adolphe Séré de Rivières, its originator. The system was an ensemble of fortifications built from 1874 along the frontiers and coasts of France. The fortresses were obsolescent by 1914 but were still used during the First World War. Following the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871, France found itself seriously weakened and isolated from the rest of Europe, menaced by Germany and stung by the loss of Alsace-Lorraine. At the same time as the departure of the last German troops, France created the \"Defense Committee\" (\"Comité de Défense\"), active", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11527999", "score": "1.1907898", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Fort de Giromagny", "text": "Fort de Giromagny Fort de Giromagny, also known as Fort Dorsner, was built near Belfort in northeastern France between 1875 and 1879. The fort forms the southern end of the defensive curtain of the Haute Moselle Region, abutting the Fortified region of Belfort, which lies to its south. The Haute Moselle defenses form a link between the fortified encampments of Épinal and Belfort. The fort overlooks the main roads to the northeast of Belfort, which form a crossroads at Giromagny. The fort was built as part of France's Séré de Rivières system of fortifications to defend France against a recurrence", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14263918", "score": "1.1498902", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Fort de Queuleu", "text": "French Resistance during World War II. The fort was one of the first built according to the fortification system developed by Lieutenant Colonel Raymond Adolphe Séré de Rivières. The goal was to build a discontinuous enclosure around Metz using a series of artillery forts spaced a cannonshot apart. In the 1860s tension was rising between France and Germany, causing France to attend to the fortification of its frontiers. Metz, close to the border and a strategic road and rail crossing, was the beneficiary of one of the first programs of fortification. Before all of the forts could be completed, France", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14432686", "score": "1.1243607", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Fort du Trou-d'Enfer", "text": "trou-d'enfer\", literally \"Hellhole Farm.\" In 1870 France was partly occupied by the Prussian Army. Following this defeat, France put in place the Séré de Rivières system of fortifications to modernize its fortifications and to adjust its defensive strategy to the new borders imposed in 1871. The portion of the system surrounding Paris amounted to 18 forts, 5 redoubts and 34 batteries constructed between 1874 and 1881, of which the Fort du Trou d'Enfer is a part. OAS members Albert Dovecar and Claude Piegts were executed at the Fort du Trou-d'Enfer in 1962. The fort is presently assigned to the French", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14998789", "score": "1.0911082", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Fortified Region of Metz", "text": "from which to launch an offensive to carry the battle onto enemy territory. The Metz region was considered a potential base for a counter-offensive should border defenses be pierced and Lorraine threatened, possibly using the former German fortifications of Metz and Strasbourg. The previous fortifications of the Séré de Rivières system of the 1880s were designed to defend the frontiers of France that existed following the Franco-Prussian War, in which France had lost Alsace and Lorraine. With the recovery of these territories following World War I, most of the Séré de Rivières forts were deep in the interior of northeastern", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15392299", "score": "1.0901895", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Fort de Viraysse", "text": "Fort de Viraysse The Fort de Viraysse is a fortification complex in the Cottian Alps overlooking the Ubaye Valley. It was built between 1885 and 1888 to defend France against invasion from Italy. The position was one of the highest military posts in France at , and the only one in the Alps with a clear view of Italy. It was constructed as part of the Séré de Rivières system of fortifications, as a small post with an enclosing wall, and formed part of the elaborate fortifications centering on the Fort de Tournoux. The Col de Mallemort is directly adjacent", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14326648", "score": "1.089618", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban", "text": "to that, from Dunkirk to Dinant, France controlled fifteen fortresses and forts, with thirteen more in second line. Most of these had been rebuilt by Vauban. Further acquisitions, notably Strasbourg (1681), required him to undertake unceasing work. The Barrage Vauban and other forts can still be seen today. Vauban designed his \"first system\" of fortification beginning at Saarlouis, which remained the accepted standard until comparatively recent times. He retained what was valuable from his predecessors and he is believed to have surpassed them in his practice rather than in theory. In 1682 he began to use his \"second system\", which", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "642301", "score": "1.0877906", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Alpine Line", "text": "and by Raymond Adolphe Séré de Rivières in the late nineteenth century, who expanded the Fort de Tournoux and other fortifications in the area as part of the Séré de Rivières system of fortifications. Passage through the Alps was possible only at a series of comparatively low passes, and movement toward the major cities of southeastern France such as Lyon, Grenoble or Nice was possible only along a series of deep river valleys. Defenses therefore tended to concentrate in consistent locations: In 1925 General Charles Nollet, the Minister of War, directed General Jean Degoutte to survey the southeastern frontier and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3350067", "score": "1.0873853", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Fort de Leveau", "text": "a casemate and a blockhouse were built on the fort. The casemate was furnished with a 25mm anti-tank gun, a machine gun port and an automatic rifle port. In 1870, France was partly occupied by the Prussian army. As a result of this defeat, the Séré de Rivières system of fortifications was planned and constructed to defend the nation. Maubeuge, located close by the border between France and Belgium, received a complete ring of forts. Construction started in 1882, completing in 1884 for a garrison of 97 men. The armament was improved in 1893, and the fort was renovated again", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14573696", "score": "1.087285", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Maginot Line", "text": "The Maginot Line (French: Ligne Maginot, IPA:  [liɲ maʒino]), named after the French Minister of War André Maginot, was a line of concrete fortifications, obstacles, and weapon installations built by France in the 1930s to deter invasion by Germany and force them to move around the fortifications. Constructed on the French side of its borders with Italy, Switzerland, Germany, and Luxembourg, the line did not extend to the English Channel due to French strategy that envisioned a move into Belgium to counter a German assault.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Fort de la Croix-de-Bretagne", "text": "Fort de la Croix-de-Bretagne The Fort de la Croix-de-Bretagne is a fortification in the vicinity of Briançon in the Dauphiné region of southeastern France. It was built as part of the Séré de Rivières system of fortifications in 1876–79 to defend France against invasion from Italy, at a cost of 1,416,642 francs. It overlooks the valley of the Durance from an altitude of and monitors the Cervière road to Italy. The position was used by the French Army in the defense of Briançon until 1940, when it was part of the Fortified Sector of the Dauphiné. The position overlooks the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14772277", "score": "1.0865016", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Ceintures de Lyon", "text": "Lyon. This belt was constructed between 1830 and 1870. Fort de Grange-Blanche and the Batterie de Pierre Scize were planned but never constructed. The second belt, called the Séré de Rivières system, consisted of twenty-six fortifications surrounding the suburban area of Lyon. They were situated in an ring around Lyon. The belt was constructed between 1871 and 1890. The fortifications of d'Azieu, Vaulx-en-Velin, Millery, and \"Chêne-Rond\" in Dardilly were planned but never constructed. Ceintures de Lyon The ceintures de Lyon (\"Belts of Lyon\") were a series of fortifications built between 1830 and 1890 around the city of Lyon, France to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20953121", "score": "1.0862939", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Fort des Adelphes", "text": "Épinal, the Fort des Adelphes is part of a line of sixteen major fortifications around Épinal designed to bar the advance of a German army into France. The fort is situated at an altitude of , overlooking the road to Saint-Dié between the Fort de Razimont and the Deyvillers works. The fort is laid out as a walled pentagon, surrounded by a ditch. Construction extended from 1883 to 1885. The fort includes fortified barracks, storage facilities and magazines, and shelters for troops. The initial garrison comprised 235 men, and the construction cost of the original fort amounted to about 1.2", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14472490", "score": "1.0859783", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Group Fortification Verdun", "text": "between Thionville and Metz in the valley Moselle. The aim of Germany was to protect against a French attack to take back Alsace-Lorraine from the German Empire. The fortification system was designed to accommodate the growing advances in artillery since the end of XIX century. Based on new defensive concepts, such as dispersal and concealment, the fortified group was to be, in case of attack, an impassable barrier for French forces. Protection of the perimeter of Verdun is provided by a set of infantry positions, fortified barracks and artillery batteries scattered over a wide area and concealed by the natural", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19178899", "score": "1.0858369", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "German invasion of Luxembourg", "text": "of a 125-strong auxiliary unit. German military maneuvers and river traffic made the population increasingly nervous, so in the spring of 1940 fortifications were erected along the borders with Germany and France. The so-called Schuster Line, named after its chief constructor, consisted of 41 sets of concrete blocks and iron gates; 18 bridgeblocks on the German border, 18 roadblocks on the German border, and five roadblocks on the French border. Since the \"Corps des Gendarmes et Volontaires\" had no pioneer unit, construction fell to the responsibility of civilian engineers, while technical advice was sought from the French, who took great", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17293172", "score": "1.0855668", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Fort de Saint-Julien", "text": "a cannon shot apart. Work began in 1867. The fort was not complete in 1870, when war broke out between France and Germany. The defensive system was completed and perfected by German engineers between 1871 and 1891. The fort, pentagonal, is a bastion. Half buried behind a defensive system on a slope, the main casern is designed to withstand artillery fire. The fort is surrounded by a system of dry moats, evoking the fortifications of Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban. While Alsace-Lorraine was under German control after the Franco-Prussian War, the fort became a training camp for German imperial troops.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19136091", "score": "1.0838886", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Fortified region of Belfort", "text": "Fortified region of Belfort The fortified region of Belfort \"(place fortifiée de Belfort)\" formed the first line of defense in the Séré de Rivières system of fortifications in the Belfort Gap. Located in northeastern France between Épinal and Besançon, the primary line was built in the late 19th century to deal with advances in artillery that had made older defensive systems obsolete. Belfort has been a fortified place since the Middle Ages, when a castle was built in 1226. After withstanding seven sieges, the medieval fortifications were modernized between 1637 and 1648 by the Comte de la Suze. Vauban added", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14210536", "score": "1.0821546", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Fort Jeanne d'Arc", "text": "Fort Jeanne d'Arc Fort Jeanne d'Arc, also called Fortified Group Jeanne d'Arc, is a fortification located to the west of Metz in the Moselle department of France. It was built by Germany to the west of the town of Rozérieulles in the early 20th century as part of the third and final group of Metz fortifications. The fortification program was started after the German victory of the Franco-Prussian War, which resulted in the annexation of the provinces of Alsace and Lorraine from Germany to France. The Fort Jeanne d'Arc was part of the \"Moselstellung\", a group of eleven fortresses surrounding", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14428274", "score": "1.0814676", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Fort Lauvallieres", "text": "(1899-1905), Prince Regent Luitpold (1907-1914) and I-werke Belle-Croix (1908-1914). This fort was part of a wider program of fortifications called \"Moselstellung\" encompassing fortresses scattered between Thionville and Metz in the Moselle valley. The aim of Germany was to protect against a French campaign to take back Alsace-Lorraine from the German Empire. The fortification system was designed to accommodate the growing advances in artillery since the end of the 19th century. Based on new defensive concepts, such as dispersal and concealment, the fortified group was to be, in case of attack, an impassable barrier for French forces. From 1899, the Schlieffen", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19180779", "score": "1.0788754", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Fortifications of Vitré", "text": "Fortifications of Vitré The ramparts of Vitré are the fortifications built between the 13th and 17th centuries to protect the town of Vitré and Brittany against the French Kingdom. The city was located near the Breton border, near Maine, Anjou and Normandy. They cover an area of 8 hectares with a length of 500 m long and 200 m width. The fortifications of the thirteenth century are the best preserved in Brittany. The ramparts follow the contours of the rocky plateau where the Château de Vitré and the urban nucleus developing around the Church of Notre-Dame are built. The construction", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20290558", "score": "1.0783772", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Fortified region of Belfort", "text": "were part of an extensive network of new forts proposed and carried out by Raymond Adolphe Séré de Rivières. The fortified region of Belfort runs between Fort de Giromagny, part of the High Moselle line, and Fort Lachaux of the defensive network of Lomont. The object of the program was to transform the Belfort area into a fortified camp. The fortified camp concept concentrates artillery into permanent forts built around the city, with distances calculated to place enemy artillery out of range of the city, while allowing for mutual support between forts. At the end of the 19th century the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14210539", "score": "1.0780381", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Meuse-Line", "text": "Meuse-Line The Meuse-Line is the chain of French forts and other military installations closing the passages of the Meuse between Verdun and Toul. These lines formed part of the defensive scheme adopted by France in 1873-1875. The total length of the line was 31 m, and the \"forts d'arrêt\" are disposed along the right bank. The forts are: between Verdun and Saint-Mihiel, Génicourt-sur-Meuse and Troyon; near Saint-Mihiel, Les Paroches (left bank) and Camp des Remains; and near Commercy, Liouville-Saint-Agnant, Gironville-sous-les-Côtes and Jouy-sous-les-Côtes. Above the circle of the Toul defences there are barrier forts on the Upper Meuse at Pagny (la-Blanche-Cote)", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5399157", "score": "1.0778897", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Polygonal fort", "text": "in a huge programme of fortification which commenced in 1874 under the direction of General Raymond Adolphe Séré de Rivières. Polygonal forts typical of the Séré de Rivières system had guns protected by iron armour or revolving Mougin turrets. The vulnerable masonry of the accommodation casemates were built facing away from the enemy, protected overhead by large mounds of earth, 5.5 metres (18 feet) deep. The programme involved building ring fortresses around Paris and to guard potential border crossing points, often surrounding Vauban-era fortifications; however, the loss of Alsace and Lorraine to the Prussians created the need for a new", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20883862", "score": "1.0777265", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Carnot wall", "text": "This had originated in Italy in the 16th century. From the late 17th century the model system of fortification was considered to be that based on the bastion trace of Vauban, Louis XIV's military engineer. Carnot opposed the Bastion system. The elements of his system were: A conventional fort would have ramparts on which the cannon were mounted. The ramparts were surrounded by a ditch with vertical, or near vertical, sides, called the scarp (inner wall) and counterscarp (outer wall). The outer side of the ditch would have a glacis, a gently outwardly sloping earth bank at a slightly lower", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16225668", "score": "1.0775359", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Fort de Plainbois", "text": "Fort de Plainbois The Fort de Plainbois is a twentieth-century Swiss fortification located at the east end of the Jura Mountains near the Swiss border with France. It was a component of the Swiss Border Line of defenses. Built between 1937 and 1939, it was armed with two artillery blocks for 75mm guns and additional machine gun blocks. All are camouflaged. Deactivated as a military post in the 1990s, it has been offered for sale by the Swiss Defense Forces. The Fort de Plainbois is located to the east of Delémont It is part of the Border Line defenses built", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15230593", "score": "1.0770535", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Fort de Seclin", "text": "Fort de Seclin The Fort de Seclin, also known as Fort Duhoux, is located near the commune of Seclin, France, about south of Lille. Built from 1873 to 1875, it is part of the Séré de Rivières system of fortifications that France built following the defeat of the Franco-Prussian War. It was never modernized to cope with improvements in artillery technology in the late 19th century. It has been preserved and is interpreted by a local preservation association for the public. The Fort de Seclin is trapezoidal in shape, with a central artillery position on top of barracks and support", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16730313", "score": "1.0724066", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Alpine Line", "text": "to make recommendations for their defense. Degoutte's proposal used principles of defense in depth to economize on manpower and funds, which were needed for the main Maginot defenses in northeastern France. The still-ambitious plan proposed in 1927 envisioned a series of fortified positions right on the frontier divides at every potential crossing, backed by thirty-six centers of resistance, each with fourteen infantry casemates and twelve infantry shelters, a total of about one thousand blockhouses. Costs were estimated at 250 million francs. The proposed plan was criticized for placing the fortifications too far forward by the \"Commission de Defense\", but the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3350068", "score": "1.0702306", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Fort du Bois d'Oye", "text": "Fort du Bois d'Oye Fort Bois d'Oye, also known as Fort Eblé, is located in the commune of Bermont. It was built between 1883 and 1886. It is part of the second ring of fortifications around the city of Belfort in northeastern France. This second ring of forts was built as part of the Séré de Rivières system and incorporated improvements to deal with the improvement in efficacy of artillery in the late 19th century. The large pentagonal fort was built of limestone, with walls surrounding a large open court. At an elevation of 420 meters, the fort was designed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14219924", "score": "1.0681683", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Fort du Mont Bart", "text": "\"interior street\", originally constructed in the open air as a sunken court, then covered before World War I with reinforced concrete. The strategic importance of the Belfort fortification system became apparent in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, and increased as a result of the loss of Alsace and Lorraine as a result of the war. The defenses of France had to be reconsidered in light of the changes in France's frontiers and in view of advances in artillery during the second half of the 19th century. The new fort was planned to respond to these new developments and to support", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14339965", "score": "1.0680771", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Fort du Roule", "text": "Fort du Roule The Fort du Roule is a collection of French and German fortifications built in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries on the Roule mountain in Cherbourg (Cherbourg-en-Cotentin since 2016). The first fortifications were built in 1793 to protect the Bay of Cherbourg from English attacks. The current fort, at the top of the mountain, was built between 1853 and 1857 under Napoleon III. In 1928, the Navy built extensive tunnels under it to store equipment. During the Second World War, the Todt Organisation built several tunnels, installed casemates for artillery, and built gun emplacements. The fort was captured", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20648313", "score": "1.0671006", "original_retrieval_index": 31 } ]

[ "Rodney Crowell" ]

[ { "title": "Ain't Living Long Like This", "text": "Oak Ridge Boys Have Arrived\". They released it as a single that reached Number One. \"Voila, An American Dream\" was covered (as \"An American Dream\") by The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band and was the title track to their 1979 album. Released as a single, the record hit #13 on the U.S. pop charts and #3 in Canada. \"I Ain't Living Long Like This\" was recorded in 1978 by Emmylou Harris for her album, \"Quarter Moon in a Ten Cent Town\" and in 1979 by Waylon Jennings for his album \"What Goes Around Comes Around\". Brooks & Dunn recorded a version", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13401803", "score": "1.1124834", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "It Won't Be Like This for Long", "text": "November 1, 2008 and peaked at number 1 on the chart dated March 28, 2009 and remained there for the next two weeks. ! Country ! Certification( It Won't Be Like This for Long \"It Won't Be Like This for Long\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Darius Rucker, lead vocalist of the rock band Hootie & the Blowfish. It was released in November 2008 as the second from his first country music album \"Learn to Live\". Rucker co-wrote the song with Chris DuBois and Ashley Gorley. The song is a mid-tempo mostly accompanied by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12610604", "score": "1.1071254", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "It Won't Be Like This for Long", "text": "It Won't Be Like This for Long \"It Won't Be Like This for Long\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Darius Rucker, lead vocalist of the rock band Hootie & the Blowfish. It was released in November 2008 as the second from his first country music album \"Learn to Live\". Rucker co-wrote the song with Chris DuBois and Ashley Gorley. The song is a mid-tempo mostly accompanied by acoustic guitar and piano. The song describes a couple who have just had a baby, and throughout it chronicles how their lives change by the child's presence.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12610600", "score": "1.1023262", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Ain't Living Long Like This", "text": "also his ability to deliver a song, whether it's one of his own or the work of another writer\"\". Most of the songs on this album were later covered by other artists including The Oak Ridge Boys and Alan Jackson. When the album was re-released in 2002 the font on the cover was enlarged to make it more legible. Three of the tracks are cover songs: Many Crowell-penned songs have since been covered by other artists. \"Leaving Louisiana in the Broad Daylight\" was covered by Emmylou Harris in 1978 and, a year later, by The Oak Ridge Boys from \"The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13401802", "score": "1.0919771", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Ain't We Havin' Us a Good Time", "text": "Ain't We Havin' Us a Good Time Ain't We Havin' Us a Good Time is the eighteenth studio album by American country music artist, Connie Smith. The album was released in April 1972 by RCA Records and was produced by Bob Ferguson. It was the first of three studio albums released in 1972 and contained one single, \"Just for What I Am\". \"Ain't We Havin' Us a Good Time\" contained ten tracks. The album contained two Gospel songs: \"Way Up on the Mountain\" and \"If God Is Dead (Then Who's This Living in My Soul).\" The latter was originally recorded", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13684955", "score": "1.0680683", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Ain't Living Long Like This", "text": "in 2003 as a tribute to Waylon. Gary Stewart and Jerry Jeff Walker also covered the song in the 1970s. Andy Griggs recorded a version for his 1999 first album, \"You Won't Ever Be Lonely\". \"Baby, Better Start Turnin' 'Em Down\" was covered by Emmylou Harris on her 1983 album \"White Shoes\" and by Rosanne Cash on her 1979 album \"Right or Wrong\". \"Song for the Life\" was first covered in 1980 by John Denver and in 1982 by Waylon Jennings. Alan Jackson released his version as a single from his album \"Who I Am\" in 1994 where it became", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13401804", "score": "1.0616001", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "But What Will the Neighbors Think", "text": "This album has more of a rock & roll influence than Crowell's debut, \"Ain't Living Long Like This\". The album was rereleased on compact disc in 2005. The song \"Queen of Hearts\" was first recorded in 1979 by Welsh rock musician Dave Edmunds for his album \"Repeat When Necessary\". It was also a single for Juice Newton, whose version was a number 2 hit on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in 1981. Most of the songs on this album would later be covered by other country artists. \"Ain't No Money\" was covered in 1982 by Crowell's then wife, Rosanne Cash on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13401908", "score": "1.028", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Love Ain't for Keeping", "text": "Townshend included a version of the song on his solo album \"The Lifehouse Chronicles\". Milton Mapes covered the song on the 2004 album \"Who and Who\". Love Ain't for Keeping \"Love Ain't for Keeping\" is a song written by Pete Townshend and originally released by The Who on their 1971 album \"Who's Next.\" Its themes include the joy of physical love, the power of nature and the need to live for the moment. At two minutes and ten seconds, \"Love Ain't for Keeping\" is the shortest song on \"Who's Next\". It is also one of the lightest songs on the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10202731", "score": "1.0187271", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Won't Be Lonely Long", "text": "Won't Be Lonely Long \"Won't Be Lonely Long\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Josh Thompson. It was released in November 2010 as the third single from his album \"Way Out Here\". Thompson wrote the song with George Ducas and Arliss Albritton. The song is about a male who is heartbroken, but claims that he \"won't be lonely long\" once he goes to a bar and parties with his friends. Kyle Ward of Roughstock gave it 3½ stars out of 5. He contrasted it with Dierks Bentley's \"How Am I Doin'\", saying that it lacked", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16764801", "score": "1.0119922", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Ain't Living Long Like This", "text": "Ain't Living Long Like This is the debut studio album by American country music singer-songwriter Rodney Crowell, released in 1978 by Warner Bros. Records. It failed to enter the Top Country Albums chart. The songs, \"Elvira\", \"Baby Better Start Turnin' 'Em Down\" and \"(Now and Then, There's) A Fool Such as I\" were released as singles but they all failed to chart within the top 40. Despite this, Ain't Living Long Like This is considered one Crowell's best and most influential albums. Brett Hartenbach of Allmusic says it \"not only showcases his songwriting prowess, but also his ability to deliver", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Living for the Night", "text": "from Strait, such as \"I Can't Go On Dyin' Like This,\" were recorded before he signed to MCA and were eventually released on the \"Strait Out of the Box\" boxed set. In the song, the male narrator expresses his feelings after having lost an unspecified person in his life (\"Every day is a lifetime without you / Hard to get through since you've gone\"). He then goes on to say that he is \"living for the night\" so that he can go to a bar during the nighttime, and drink whiskey to forget his problems. The song is accompanied by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13458165", "score": "0.99707717", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Love Ain't for Keeping", "text": "Love Ain't for Keeping \"Love Ain't for Keeping\" is a song written by Pete Townshend and originally released by The Who on their 1971 album \"Who's Next.\" Its themes include the joy of physical love, the power of nature and the need to live for the moment. At two minutes and ten seconds, \"Love Ain't for Keeping\" is the shortest song on \"Who's Next\". It is also one of the lightest songs on the album, and one of the few not to use synthesizers. However, an earlier version of the song, recorded in New York City with Kit Lambert producing,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10202727", "score": "0.9905793", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Days Like This (Van Morrison album)", "text": "Days Like This (Van Morrison album) Days Like This is the twenty-third studio album by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison, released in 1995 (see 1995 in music). It is a diverse group of songs offering a variety of moods and styles. It ranked No. 5 on the UK album charts and was nominated for the Mercury Prize. His daughter, singer-songwriter Shana Morrison performed duets with her father on two tracks, \"You Don't Know Me\" and \"I'll Never Be Free\". \"Ancient Highway\" was nine minutes long and contained the words \"praying to my higher self/Don't let me down\". It is said", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6869358", "score": "0.9767105", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "It Ain't Easy (Long John Baldry album)", "text": "\"Black Girl\", an American folk song most associated with Lead Belly, though covered by the likes of Bob Dylan, the Grateful Dead, Dolly Parton and Nirvana. Baldry does a version singing with Maggie Bell, who also appeared on \"Every Picture Tells a Story\". \"It Ain't Easy\" also includes Willie Dixon's song \"I'm Ready\" and an Elton John-Bernie Taupin song, \"Rock Me When He's Gone\". It is possible that John, a budding star in the early 1970s, took his last name from Long John Baldry. Baldry and Stewart put a band together to promote the album on Baldry's first tour of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5668363", "score": "0.9742732", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "It Won't Be Like This for Long", "text": "of a parent observing a daughter's growing up. Allen Jacobs of \"Roughstock\" gave the song a more favorable review, saying that \"Rucker's butter-smooth vocals catch a country cadence, as his balladeers a promise of improvement in a loved one - and his own life.\" A music video was released for the song in February 2009. As with his previous two music videos (\"Don't Think I Don't Think About It\" and \"Winter Wonderland\"), the video for \"It Won't Be Like This for Long\" was directed by Wayne Isham. The song debuted at number 45 on the Hot Country Songs chart dated", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12610603", "score": "0.9627123", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Ain't No Grave", "text": "Ain't No Grave Ain't No Grave (also known as Gonna Hold This Body Down) is a traditional American gospel song attributed to Claude Ely (1922-1978) of Virginia. Claude Ely describes composing the song while sick with tuberculosis in 1934 when he was twelve years old. His family prayed for his health, and in response he spontaneously performed this song. Originally recorded by Bozie Sturdivant in 1941 in a slower, Appalachian gospel style and in 1946-7 by Sister Rosetta Tharpe with barrelhouse piano; the song in Ely's version was recorded in 1953 but composed in 1934. Many notable artists have performed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14305277", "score": "0.96098495", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Spyboy (album)", "text": "Gram Parsons, \"I Ain't Living Long Like This\" from \"Quarter Moon in a Ten Cent Town\" and her ode to Parsons, \"Boulder to Birmingham\", from her 1975 debut album, \"Pieces of the Sky\". The album is currently out of print. Spyboy (album) Spyboy is a 1998 live album by Emmylou Harris and her backing band, Spyboy, which she formed for a tour to perform songs from her 1995 career-redefining album, \"Wrecking Ball\". Taking a stripped-down approach, Harris is backed by a trio comprising country singer-songwriter Buddy Miller on guitar and New Orleans musicians Daryl Johnson on bass and Brady Blade", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9053466", "score": "0.96009433", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Live Like We're Dying", "text": "Live Like We're Dying \"Live Like We're Dying\" is a song written by Danny O'Donoghue, Andrew Frampton, Mark Sheehan, and Steve Kipner. It appeared as a bonus track on The Script's self-titled debut studio album, and a B-side for some of the album's singles. It is better known for being performed by American recording artist Kris Allen. The song serves as the lead single from his self-titled major label debut album. It was released for digital download on September 21, 2009. The song received positive reviews, peaking at eighteen in the United States, and charting on other U.S. charts, including", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13838866", "score": "0.96005803", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Days Like This (song)", "text": "Days Like This (song) \"Days Like This\" is a popular song written by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison and the title song of his 1995 album. Morrison has often performed this song in concert appearances including his 2006 appearance at the Austin City Limits Festival. \"Days Like This\" was recorded during the 1993-1994 sessions at Wool Hall Studios, Beckington and the Real World in Bath, Somerset. Van Morrison's daughter, Shana Morrison sings duets and backup on tracks from the album containing this song. It became the official anthem of the peace movement in Northern Ireland and the Northern Ireland Office", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10193198", "score": "0.9593823", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Ain't Talkin'", "text": "Ain't Talkin' \"Ain't Talkin'\" is a song written by Bob Dylan, appearing as the closing track on his album \"Modern Times\", recorded in February 2006. It is the longest track of the album (8:48). The song derives its chorus words from the more up-tempo \"Highway of Regret\" by Don Anthony and Ralph Stanley. The lyrics of the first verse seem to be derived from the first verse of \"As I Roved Out\", a traditional Irish song, and with its line \"through this weary world of woe\" a nod to the traditional \"Wayfaring Stranger.\" Allmusic wrote about the song, \"The great", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8774399", "score": "0.9583316", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "I Just Don't Like This Kind of Living", "text": "I Just Don't Like This Kind of Living \"I Just Don't Like This Kind of Living\" is a song written by Hank Williams and released as his thirteenth single on MGM Records in January 1950. The song expresses frustration and resentment towards a frigid woman who will not reciprocate the narrator's affection. The song, which alludes to \"fussin' and fightin'\" and contains the line \"You ain't never bin known to be wrong, and I ain't never bin right,\" was likely inspired by Hank's tumultuous relationship with his wife at the time, Audrey Williams, with biographer Colin Escott musing, \"Audrey's thoughts", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18881151", "score": "0.9564517", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Darius Rucker", "text": "first solo, African-American artist to chart a number one country hit since Charley Pride's \"Night Games\" in 1983. \"Learn to Live\" was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on February 6, 2009 and received a platinum certification on August 7, 2009. The album's second single, \"It Won't Be Like This for Long\", spent three weeks at the top of the country chart in mid-2009. Its follow-up, \"Alright\", became Rucker's third straight No. 1 hit, making him the first singer to have his first three country singles reach No. 1 since Wynonna in 1992. The album's fourth", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3123437", "score": "0.95308185", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Long as I Live", "text": "at number 57 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of March 2, 1996. Long as I Live \"Long as I Live\" is a song written by Rick Bowles and Will Robinson, and recorded by American country music artist John Michael Montgomery. It was released in February 1996 as the fifth and final single from the album \"John Michael Montgomery\". The song reached number 4 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Larry Flick, of \"Billboard\" magazine reviewed the song negatively saying that it sounds too much like territory he has covered before.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14917486", "score": "0.9513185", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Days Like This (song)", "text": "was played several times in the 2007 film, \"Because I Said So\". It has also been used in a Channel 7 Australia ad campaign Days Like This (song) \"Days Like This\" is a popular song written by Northern Irish singer-songwriter Van Morrison and the title song of his 1995 album. Morrison has often performed this song in concert appearances including his 2006 appearance at the Austin City Limits Festival. \"Days Like This\" was recorded during the 1993-1994 sessions at Wool Hall Studios, Beckington and the Real World in Bath, Somerset. Van Morrison's daughter, Shana Morrison sings duets and backup on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10193200", "score": "0.94473636", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Ain't Got No, I Got Life", "text": "for 16 weeks. In Ireland it peaked at number 9 and remained on the charts for 15 weeks. In 2010, research conducted by PRS for Music revealed that the song was the second most performed in UK television advertising due to its use in Müller yoghurt adverts. \"Ain't Got No, I Got Life\" was included in the book \"1001 Songs You Must Hear Before you Die\". Ain't Got No, I Got Life \"Ain't Got No/I Got Life\" is a 1968 single by American singer-songwriter Nina Simone, from her album \"'Nuff Said\". It is a medley of two songs, \"Ain't Got", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9667817", "score": "0.94420534", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Live Like You Were Dying", "text": "\"Can't Tell Me Nothin'\" was previously recorded by Travis Tritt on his 2002 album \"Strong Enough\". Live Like You Were Dying debuted on the U.S. Billboard 200 chart at # 1, his third #1 album, and on the Top Country Albums number-one album, his seventh album at #1. Live Like You Were Dying Live Like You Were Dying is the eighth studio album by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released on August 24, 2004, by Curb Records and was recorded in a mountaintop studio in upstate New York. It entered the \"Billboard\" 200 chart at number one,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7234366", "score": "0.9438262", "original_retrieval_index": 33 }, { "title": "Like There Ain't No Yesterday", "text": "Like There Ain't No Yesterday \"Like There Ain't No Yesterday\" is a song recorded by American country music band Blackhawk. It was released in November 1995 as the second single from their album \"Strong Enough\". It peaked at number 3 on the United States \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks, while it was their second number-one hit in Canada. The song was written by Walt Aldridge and Mark Narmore. The song's narrator has lost a former lover in the past, but he knows that that was then, and he decides to find someone new, and love her like there ain't", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13343652", "score": "0.9417731", "original_retrieval_index": 34 }, { "title": "It Ain't Easy (Long John Baldry album)", "text": "It Ain't Easy (Long John Baldry album) It Ain't Easy is a 1971 album by Long John Baldry. According to extensive notes about Long John Baldry's career in the re-release 2005 CD, Rod Stewart was brought on board to produce \"It Ain't Easy\" for Warner Brothers. Soon after in 1970, Stewart met his former Bluesology bandmate Elton John at a party and the piano player joined on, too. Stewart and John each produced half of this bluesy album, with John contributing much of the piano work. Stewart brought in mate Ronnie Wood to play guitar, as well as many others", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5668361", "score": "0.9413468", "original_retrieval_index": 35 }, { "title": "Live Like We're Dying", "text": "December 31, 2009. Source |2011 |2011 Live Like We're Dying \"Live Like We're Dying\" is a song written by Danny O'Donoghue, Andrew Frampton, Mark Sheehan, and Steve Kipner. It appeared as a bonus track on The Script's self-titled debut studio album, and a B-side for some of the album's singles. It is better known for being performed by American recording artist Kris Allen. The song serves as the lead single from his self-titled major label debut album. It was released for digital download on September 21, 2009. The song received positive reviews, peaking at eighteen in the United States, and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13838882", "score": "0.9408371", "original_retrieval_index": 36 }, { "title": "Long as I Live", "text": "Long as I Live \"Long as I Live\" is a song written by Rick Bowles and Will Robinson, and recorded by American country music artist John Michael Montgomery. It was released in February 1996 as the fifth and final single from the album \"John Michael Montgomery\". The song reached number 4 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Larry Flick, of \"Billboard\" magazine reviewed the song negatively saying that it sounds too much like territory he has covered before. He does state that Montgomery has \"quite the flair for delivering positive love ballads.\" \"Long as I Live\" debuted", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14917485", "score": "0.9396422", "original_retrieval_index": 37 } ]

[ "the nasal septum", "septum" ]

[ { "title": "Rhinarium", "text": "have been placed in with the Haplorhini, and thus the absence of a rhinarium became diagnostic of the Haplorhini. Rhinarium The rhinarium (New Latin, \"belonging to the nose\"; plural: rhinaria) is the naked skin surface surrounding the external openings of the nostrils in most mammals. In common usage, for example among breeders of cats or dogs, the standard term is \"nose leather\". More informally people may speak of a \"wet snout\" or \"wet nose\" because its surface commonly is moist in a healthy cat or dog.In many species there is a philtrum, a groove down the middle. The study of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6311577", "score": "0.8659097", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Rhinarium", "text": "Rhinarium The rhinarium (New Latin, \"belonging to the nose\"; plural: rhinaria) is the naked skin surface surrounding the external openings of the nostrils in most mammals. In common usage, for example among breeders of cats or dogs, the standard term is \"nose leather\". More informally people may speak of a \"wet snout\" or \"wet nose\" because its surface commonly is moist in a healthy cat or dog.In many species there is a philtrum, a groove down the middle. The study of the structure and of its associated functions has proved to be of considerable importance in mammalian evolution and taxonomy.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6311569", "score": "0.8641268", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Snout", "text": "as in many hounds. Snout A snout is the protruding portion of an animal's face, consisting of its nose, mouth, and jaw. In many animals, the equivalent structure is called a muzzle, rostrum, or proboscis. The wet, naked surface around the nostrils of the nose of some animals is called the rhinarium (colloquially this is the \"cold wet nose\" of some animals). The rhinarium is often associated with a stronger sense of olfaction. The snout is considered a weak point on most animals: because of its structure, an animal can be easily stunned or knocked out, or even have its", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4834670", "score": "0.8633674", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Snout", "text": "Snout A snout is the protruding portion of an animal's face, consisting of its nose, mouth, and jaw. In many animals, the equivalent structure is called a muzzle, rostrum, or proboscis. The wet, naked surface around the nostrils of the nose of some animals is called the rhinarium (colloquially this is the \"cold wet nose\" of some animals). The rhinarium is often associated with a stronger sense of olfaction. The snout is considered a weak point on most animals: because of its structure, an animal can be easily stunned or knocked out, or even have its snout snapped by applying", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4834667", "score": "0.83733493", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Nose", "text": "Nose A nose is a protuberance in vertebrates that houses the nostrils, or nares, which receive and expel air for respiration alongside the mouth. Behind the nose are the olfactory mucosa and the sinuses. Behind the nasal cavity, air next passes through the pharynx, shared with the digestive system, and then into the rest of the respiratory system. In humans, the nose is located centrally on the face and serves as an alternative respiratory passage especially during suckling for infants. On most other mammals, it is located on the upper tip of the snout. Acting as the first interface between", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10377029", "score": "0.83316016", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Rhinitis", "text": "For allergic rhinitis, intranasal corticosteroids are recommended. For severe symptoms intranasal antihistamines may be added. Rhinitis is pronounced , while coryza is pronounced . \"Rhinitis\" comes from the Ancient Greek ῥίς \"rhis\", \"gen\".: ῥινός \"rhinos\" \"nose\". \"Coryza\" has a dubious etymology. Robert Beekes rejected an Indo-European derivation and suggested a Pre-Greek reconstruction . According to physician Andrew Wylie, \"we use the term [\"coryza\"] for a cold in the head, but the two are really synonymous. The ancient Romans advised their patients to clean their nostrils and thereby sharpen their wits.\" Rhinitis Rhinitis, also known as coryza, is irritation and inflammation", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2825958", "score": "0.8196188", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Nose", "text": "the external environment and an animal's delicate internal lungs, a nose conditions incoming air, both as a function of thermal regulation and filtration during respiration, as well as enabling the sensory perception of smell. Hair inside nostrils filter incoming air, as a first line of defense against dust particles, smoke, and other potential obstructions that would otherwise inhibit respiration, and as a kind of filter against airborne illness. In addition to acting as a filter, mucus produced within the nose supplements the body's effort to maintain temperature, as well as contributes moisture to integral components of the respiratory system. Capillary", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10377030", "score": "0.81035066", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Mucous membrane", "text": "of the skin is about 2 square meters. They are at several places contiguous with skin: at the nostrils, the lips of the mouth, the eyelids, the ears, the genital area, and the anus. Along with providing a physical barrier, they also contain key parts of the immune system and serve as the interface between the body proper and the microbiome. Some examples include: Developmentally, the majority of mucous membranes are of endodermal origin. Exceptions include the palate, cheeks, floor of the mouth, gums, lips and the portion of the anal canal below the pectinate line, which are all ectodermal", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "780007", "score": "0.8022279", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Nose", "text": "is only one nostril and olfactory pouch. Indeed, the nostril also opens into the hypophysis. This is not necessarily, however, a primitive trait, but one that may have arisen later in the evolution of these particular groups. For example, the fossil heterostracans had paired nostrils, and these were also a very early vertebrate group. Nose A nose is a protuberance in vertebrates that houses the nostrils, or nares, which receive and expel air for respiration alongside the mouth. Behind the nose are the olfactory mucosa and the sinuses. Behind the nasal cavity, air next passes through the pharynx, shared with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10377039", "score": "0.79832375", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Anatomy of the human nose", "text": "The visible part of the human nose is the protruding part of the face that bears the nostrils. The shape of the nose is determined by the ethmoid bone and the nasal septum, which consists mostly of cartilage and which separates the nostrils. On average the nose of a male is larger than that of a female.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Human nose", "text": "electively are carried out by cosmetic surgeries. Several bones and nasal cartilages make up the bony-cartilaginous framework of the nose, and the internal structure. The nose is also made up of types of soft tissue such as skin, epithelia, mucous membrane, muscles, nerves, and blood, and in the skin there are sebaceous glands. The framework of the nose is made up of bone and cartilage which provides strong protection for the internal structures of the nose. The arrangement of the cartilages allows flexibility through muscle control to enable airflow to be modified. The nasal part of the frontal bone ends", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9673178", "score": "0.7936194", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Anatomical terminology", "text": "nasus (nose), oris (mouth), and mentum (chin). The neck area is called the cervix or cervical region. Examples of structures named according to this include the frontalis muscle, submental lymph nodes, buccal membrane and orbicularis oculi muscle. Sometimes, unique terminology is used to reduce confusion in different parts of the body. For example, different terms are used when it comes to the skull in compliance with its embryonic origin and its tilted position compared to in other animals. Here, \"Rostral\" refers to proximity to the front of the nose, and is particularly used when describing the skull. Similarly, different terminology", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17673329", "score": "0.7838098", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Nose", "text": "many cases, each of the nostrils is divided into two by a fold of skin, allowing water to flow into the nose through one side and out through the other. The pouches are lined by olfactory epithelium, and commonly include a series of internal folds to increase the surface area. In some teleosts, the pouches branch off into additional sinus-like cavities, while in coelacanths, they form a series of tubes. Unlike tetrapods, the nasal epithelium of fishes does not include any mucus-secreting cells, since it is already naturally moist. In the most primitive living vertebrates, the lampreys and hagfish, there", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10377038", "score": "0.7818903", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Nostril", "text": "to the throat (the nasopharynx), aiding in respiration. Though all four nostrils were on the outside the head of our fish ancestors, the nostrils for outgoing water (excurrent nostrils) migrated to the inside of the mouth, as evidenced by the discovery of \"Kenichthys campbelli\", a 395-million-year-old fossilized fish which shows this migration in progress. It has two nostrils between its front teeth, similar to human embryos at an early stage. If these fail to join up, the result is a cleft palate. It is possible for humans to smell different olfactory inputs in the two nostrils and experience a perceptual", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "778534", "score": "0.78059524", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "The Kiss and Other Movements", "text": "What a nose 'Tis as long as a trumpet And of the same mettle as you hear by its sneezing 'Tis as soft as a flute 'Tis brass 'Tis a pudding's end 'Tis a brazen nose. I'll know the bottom of it For I will touch it with my finger before I sleep My nose shall never be touched whilst heaven give me strength There is more in it than any of a dozen of the largest noses put together in all Strasbourg 'Tis a false nose, made of fir tree There's a pimple on it 'Tis a dead nose", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12427176", "score": "0.7788425", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Herophilos", "text": "to introduce the notion of conventional terminology, as opposed to use of \"natural names\", using terms he created to describe the objects of study, naming them for the first time. A confluence of sinuses in the skull was originally named \"torcular Herophili\" after him. Torcular is a Latin translation of Herophilos' label, \"ληνός - lenos\", 'wine vat' or 'wine press'. He also named the duodenum, which is part of the small intestine. Other areas of his anatomical study include the liver, the pancreas, and the alimentary tract, as well as the salivary glands and genitalia. Herophilos is credited with learning", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1573058", "score": "0.77778244", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Human nose", "text": "the nasal bone shapes and formation of the bridge of the nose. Some nose shapes were classified for surgeries by Eden Warwick in \"Nasology\" 1848: Other terms are used to describe the shape of the nose, and can also include a reference to the used to classify ethnicity: \"Leptorrhine\" describes a long, narrow nose. \"Hyperleptorrhine\" is a very long, narrow nose with a nasal index of 40 to 55. \"Platyrrhine\" is a short, broad nose. Paul Topinard developed the nasal index for studies in India. The nasal index is the ratio of the width of the nose to the nasal", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9673192", "score": "0.7763699", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Human nose", "text": "neotenous features such as large eyes and full lips, are generally considered more attractive on women. Werner syndrome, a condition that causes the appearance of premature aging, causes a \"bird-like\" appearance due to pinching of the nose while, conversely, Down syndrome, a neotenizing condition, causes a flattening of the nose. Human nose The human nose is the most protruding part of the face that bears the nostrils, and is the first organ of the respiratory system. The nose is also the principal organ in the olfactory system. The shape of the nose is determined by the nasal bones and the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9673215", "score": "0.77418923", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Hari-namamrta-vyakarana", "text": "Näräyaëa. The place of appearance of \"v\" is the teeth and the lips of Näräyaëa. The place of appearance of \"anusvära\" (\"à\") is either the head or nose of Näräyaëa. Saàçodhiné—Because the \"varëas\" appeared from Näräyaëa in these specific places, these are the proper places to pronounce the \"varëas.\" The \"varëas\" \"a, ä, ka-varga\" (\"ka, kha, ga, gha, ìa\"), \"ha,\" and \"visarga\" (\"ù\") are called \"kaëöhya\" because their place of pronunciation is the throat (\"kaëöha\"). The \"varëas\" \"i, é, ca-varga\" (\"ca, cha, ja, jha, ïa\")\", ya,\" and \"ça\" are called \"tälavya\" because their place of pronunciation is the palate (\"tälu\").", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11796010", "score": "0.77357614", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Nose", "text": "new roof of the mouth. The enlarged nasal cavity contains complex turbinates forming coiled scroll-like shapes that help to warm the air before it reaches the lungs. The cavity also extends into neighbouring skull bones, forming additional air cavities known as paranasal sinuses. In cetaceans, the nose has been reduced to the nostrils, which have migrated to the top of the head, producing a more streamlined body shape and the ability to breathe while mostly submerged. Conversely, the elephant's nose has elaborated into a long, muscular, manipulative organ called the trunk. The vomeronasal organ of mammals is generally similar to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10377036", "score": "0.7730819", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Human nose", "text": "bridge the skin is thick, fairly flexible, and mobile. It tapers to the bridge where it is thinnest and least flexible as it adheres to the bony framework. The rest of the skin of the lower nose is as thick as the top section and has more sebaceous glands. The glands produce sebum in a higher concentration than on other parts of the body. Sexual dimorphism is evident in the larger nose of the male. This is due to the increased testosterone that thickens the brow ridge and the bridge of the nose making it wider. The nasal cavity is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9673185", "score": "0.7708635", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Nose", "text": "that of reptiles. In most species, it is located in the floor of the nasal cavity, and opens into the mouth via two \"nasopalatine ducts\" running through the palate, but it opens directly into the nose in many rodents. It is, however, lost in bats, and in many primates, including humans. Fish have a relatively good sense of smell . Unlike that of tetrapods, the nose has no connection with the mouth, nor any role in respiration. Instead, it generally consists of a pair of small pouches located behind the nostrils at the front or sides of the head. In", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10377037", "score": "0.76718366", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Human nose", "text": "to the nasal complex. A nasobuccal membrane separates the mouth from the nose; respectively, the inferior oral cavity (the mouth) and the superior nasal cavity (the nose). As the nasal pits deepen, said development forms the choanae, the two openings that connect the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx (upper part of the pharynx that is continuous with the nasal passages). Initially, primitive-form choanae develop, which then further develop into the secondary, permanent choanae. At ten weeks, the cells differentiate into muscle, cartilage, and bone. Problems at this stage of development can cause birth defects such as choanal atresia (absent or", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9673202", "score": "0.7653321", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Human nose", "text": "is above the bridge and below the glabella, forming an indentation known as the nasion at the frontonasal suture where the frontal bone meets the nasal bones. The nasal ridge (nasal dorsum) is the border between the root and the tip of the nose which in profile can be variously shaped. The ala of the nose (wing of the nose) is the lower lateral surface of the external nose, cartilaginous in makeup, and which flares out to form a rounded eminence around the nostril. The skin of the nose varies in thickness along its length. From the glabella to the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9673184", "score": "0.7648969", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "History of rhinoplasty", "text": "the Nasikasandhana, wherein: The portion of the nose to be covered should be first measured with a leaf. Then, a piece of skin of the required size should be dissected from the living skin of the cheek, and turned back to cover the nose, keeping a small pedicle attached to the cheek. The part of the nose to which the skin is to be attached should be made raw, by cutting the nasal stump with a knife. The physician then should place the skin on the nose and stitch the two parts swiftly, keeping the skin properly elevated, by inserting", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16553556", "score": "0.7638723", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Arrhinia", "text": "with the Greek negation prefix \"a-\". Arrhinia Arhinia, also called nasal agenesis, is the congenital partial or complete absence of the nose at birth. It is an extremely rare condition, with few reported cases in the history of modern medicine. It is generally classified as a craniofacial abnormality. The cause of arrhinia is not known. Akkuzu's study of the literature found that all cases had presented a normal antenatal history. Treatment focuses on identifying the nature of the anomalies through various imaging methods, including MRI and CAT scan, and surgical correction to the extent possible. The word \"arrhinia\" derives from", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8491123", "score": "0.7608458", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Nostril", "text": "Nostril A nostril (or naris , plural \"nares\" ) is one of the two channels of the nose, from the point where they bifurcate to the external opening. In birds and mammals, they contain branched bones or cartilages called turbinates, whose function is to warm air on inhalation and remove moisture on exhalation. Fish do not breathe through their noses, but they do have two small holes used for smelling, which may, indeed, be called nostrils. The Procellariiformes are distinguished from other birds by having tubular extensions of their nostrils. In humans, the nasal cycle is the normal ultradian cycle", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "778532", "score": "0.7573931", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Nose", "text": "structures of the nose warm and humidify air entering the body; later, this role in retaining moisture enables conditions for alveoli to properly exchange O2 for CO2 (i.e., respiration) within the lungs. During exhalation, the capillaries then aid recovery of some moisture, mostly as a function of thermal regulation, again. The wet nose of dogs is useful for the perception of direction. The sensitive cold receptors in the skin detect the place where the nose is cooled the most and this is the direction a particular smell that the animal just picked up comes from. In amphibians and lungfish, the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10377031", "score": "0.75730306", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Human nose", "text": "created by the conchae and meatuses optimises the warming, moistening, and filtering of the mucosa. A major protective role is thereby provided by these structures of the upper respiratory tract, in the passage of air to the more delicate structures of the lower respiratory tract. At the back of the nasal cavity there are two openings, one from each fossa, called choanae that give entrance to the nasopharynx and rest of the respiratory tract. The choanae are also called the posterior nostrils. There is a nasal valve area in the nose that is responsibe for providing resistance to the flow", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9673188", "score": "0.7559965", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Human nose", "text": "sinuses carries out the necessary conditioning of inhaled air by warming and moistening it. Nasal conchae, shell-like bones in the walls of the cavities play a major part in this process. Filtering of the air by nasal hair in the nostrils prevents large particles from entering the lungs. Sneezing is a reflex to expel unwanted particles from the nose that irritate the mucosal lining. Sneezing can transmit infections, because aerosols are created in which the droplets can harbour pathogens. Another major function of the nose is olfaction, the informing of odours that the sense of smell carries out. The area", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9673176", "score": "0.7559416", "original_retrieval_index": 33 } ]

[ "the following day" ]

[ { "title": "The Sports Network", "text": "scenes are not significantly different from other television programs aired on regular Canadian networks. (WWE has since toned down the level of violence and sexuality on its programming to meet standards for the U.S. TV-PG rating.) It was expected that in fall 2006, when TSN started airing the ESPN iteration of \"Monday Night Football\" (as well as the \"NBC Sunday Night Football\" games), that \"WWE Raw\" would air on tape delay during the NFL season. However, WWE instead decided to move the program to rival sports network The Score (now known as Sportsnet 360) rather than air on tape delay,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2250400", "score": "1.0382552", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "WWE Raw", "text": "demand on the WWE Network. Recent episodes are available for on-demand viewing 30 days after the original air date. After Wrestlemania 32 in 2016, WWE began with airing the newest episodes of Raw and SmackDown on YouTube for countries that don't have WWE programming on traditional TV for free in less than 24 hours after the original broadcast (The links are blocked in countries where the shows are traditionally available). The 90-minute Hulu Plus version gets put on YouTube for international audiences. From 1995 to 2006, \"Raw\" was shown on The Sports Network until it moved to rival sports broadcaster", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2556883", "score": "1.0364699", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "WWE Raw", "text": "WWE Raw WWE Raw, also known as Monday Night Raw or simply Raw, is a professional wrestling television program that currently airs live on Monday evenings at 8 pm ET on the USA Network in the United States. The show's name is also used to refer to the Raw brand, to which WWE employees are assigned to work and perform. The show debuted on January 11, 1993 and has since been considered as the flagship program of WWE. \"Raw\" moved from the USA Network to TNN in September 2000, which was rebranded to Spike TV in August 2003. On October", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2556851", "score": "1.0071534", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Monday Monday", "text": "on Fox Life. In the United States the show is on Hulu.com and currently available via Netflix and YouTube. Monday Monday Monday Monday is an ITV, UTV comedy drama. It stars Fay Ripley, Jenny Agutter, Neil Stuke, Holly Aird, Morven Christie, Tom Ellis, and Miranda Hart. It is set in the head office of a supermarket that has fallen on hard times and had to re-locate its staff from London to Leeds. The show was initially announced as part of ITV's Winter 2007 press pack, but was \"iced\" until 2009 due to falling advertising in the wake of the economic", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12952657", "score": "0.99764246", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "WWE Main Event", "text": "days after airing overseas. The show is taped before \"Raw\" tapings and features wrestlers from the Raw brand. The show is produced on Monday evenings, right before the \"Raw\" airing, and is broadcast on Wednesday, similar to the system SmackDown used before it went live on July 19, 2016. It originally aired live, with a slight broadcast delay. It uses the same HD set as Raw with all ring ropes being red to represent the Raw brand, except for the month of October, when the middle rope is pink, to promote WWE and Susan G. Komen for the Cure's breast", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16615881", "score": "0.98255974", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "WWE SmackDown", "text": "at 7:00pm and a one-hour version airs on SportTV+ on Saturday mornings at 11:00am. \"SmackDown Live\" airs on 2×2 in the Russia. in Russian \"SmackDown\" airs live on Fox Sports in Mexico and across Central and South America. On May 22, 2009, Hulu and WWE agreed to air full episodes of \"SmackDown\" to be available for viewing the day following its original airing. On September 24, 2012, Hulu signed a multi-year deal with WWE to stream all of the company's TV shows and some of its web series, which includes \"SmackDown\". Full episodes of \"SmackDown\" are available for viewing the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2211105", "score": "0.9734733", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "WWE Main Event", "text": "Event\" would feature wrestlers exclusive to the Raw and \"205 Live\" brands. On November 28, 2016, matches for \"WWE Main Event\" began taping prior to \"Monday Night Raw\". This was done due to the cancellation of \"WWE Superstars\" and to make room for the new cruiserweight special, \"205 Live\", streaming on the WWE Network immediately following \"SmackDown\" every Tuesday night. WWE Main Event WWE Main Event is a professional wrestling television program produced by WWE that originally aired on Ion Television in the United States, then the WWE Network, and is now broadcast on Hulu Plus every Wednesday. It debuted", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16615883", "score": "0.9689543", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Hulu", "text": "highlight network series (less than 10) would retain pre-roll and post-roll ad pods. On August 8, 2016, Hulu announced that it would end the availability of its free streaming service through its own platform, making it oriented exclusively to subscription services. In turn, the company announced a partnership with Yahoo! to move this free content, which consists primarily of recent episodes of ABC, Fox, and NBC series, to a new website known as Yahoo! View. In May 2016, Hulu announced that it planned to begin offering an over-the-top IPTV service with \"live programming from broadcast and cable brands\" some time", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4375855", "score": "0.9678125", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "WWE Raw", "text": "Teleamazonas in Ecuador, Andina de Televisión in Peru, in Costa Rica, Canal VTV in El Salvador, Canal 5 in Honduras, RPC Canal 4 in Panama and Imagen Televisión in Mexico. It airs live on SuperSport in South Africa. WWE Raw WWE Raw, also known as Monday Night Raw or simply Raw, is a professional wrestling television program that currently airs live on Monday evenings at 8 pm ET on the USA Network in the United States. The show's name is also used to refer to the Raw brand, to which WWE employees are assigned to work and perform. The show", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2556890", "score": "0.95762664", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "WWE Raw", "text": "On September 24, 2012, Hulu Plus signed a multi-year deal with WWE to stream all of the company’s TV shows and some of its web series which includes Raw. Episodes of Raw are available for viewing the following day and only a condensed 90 minute version is available, not the full version as shown the previous night on the USA Network.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "WWE Raw", "text": "reserved for special episodes. Beginning as WWF's \"Monday Night Raw,\" the program first aired on January 11, 1993 on the USA Network as a replacement for \"Prime Time Wrestling\", which aired on the network for eight years. The original \"Raw\" was sixty minutes in length and broke new ground in televised professional wrestling. Traditionally, wrestling shows were taped on sound stages with small audiences or at large arena shows. The \"Raw\" formula was considerably different from the taped weekend shows that aired at the time such as \"Superstars\" and \"Wrestling Challenge\". Instead of matches taped weeks in advance with studio", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2556853", "score": "0.9458668", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "WWE Raw", "text": "replay shows airing on Sky Sports Arena in the United Kingdom and Ireland. \"Raw\" aires live in India at 5.30 am in Tuesdays on Sony Ten 1. Since October 6, 2014, \"Raw\" has been airing live throughout Latin America on Fox Sports. The show also airs live on Supersport in South Africa on Tuesdays at 02:00 am CAT. \"Raw\" had aired in Australia on Fox8 since 2003, usually on a 27-hour tape delay, but has started airing live as of February 4, 2014., Syfy in the United States started airing a 2-hour replay of \"Raw\" on May 20, 2016. On", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2556881", "score": "0.94455236", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Monday Night Wars", "text": "matches and storylines that would serve as the major build-up to the quarterly pay-per-view broadcasts. The original \"Raw\" broke new ground in televised professional wrestling. Traditionally, wrestling shows were taped on sound stages with small audiences or at large arena shows. The \"Raw\" formula was very different than that of \"Prime Time Wrestling\": instead of taped matches, with studio voice overs and taped chat, \"Raw\" was a show shot to a live audience, with storylines unfolding as they happened. The first episode featured Sean Mooney reporting from the streets of New York City and interviews by Bobby Heenan, Yokozuna defeating", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15324979", "score": "0.943028", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "WWE SmackDown", "text": "the weekend. The last \"SmackDown\" airing on Friday nights had 2.43 million viewers with a 0.7 share. On June 27, 2018, it was officially announced that \"SmackDown\" would move to Fox beginning October 2019, under a five-year contract valued at $205 million per-year. The deal represents a major increase over USA Network's previous contract for both \"Raw\" and \"SmackDown\", which was valued at $150 million. The program will also return to Friday night, with its Fox premiere scheduled for October 4, 2019. WWE taped \"SmackDown\" on Tuesday evenings to air on Thursday evenings on Syfy the same week. However, \"SmackDown\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2211092", "score": "0.9387796", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "WWE Raw", "text": "deal with NBCUniversal to bring \"Raw\" back to its former home, the USA Network, with two yearly specials on NBC and a Spanish \"Raw\" on Telemundo. On the same week as \"Raw\"s return to the USA Network, Spike TV scheduled Ultimate Fighting Championship's live \"Ultimate Fight Night\" in \"Raw\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s old timeslot in an attempt to go head-to-head with \"Raw\". On the August 29, 2011 episode of \"Raw\", it was announced that performers from \"Raw\" and \"SmackDown\" were no longer exclusive to their respective brand, thus effectively dissolving the brand extension. On July 23, 2012, \"Raw\" aired its 1000th episode, which", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2556862", "score": "0.9366104", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Hulu", "text": "Fox and related networks are required to authenticate paid cable or satellite service wherever Fox streams episodes, including on Hulu, to be able to watch them the morning after the first airing. Non-subscribers will see those episodes delayed a week before they are viewable. On October 28, 2011, Hulu announced that they had inked a five-year deal with The CW, giving the streaming site access to next-day content from five of the six major networks. On September 18, 2013, Hulu announced a multi-year deal with the BBC that will deliver 2,000 episodes from 144 different titles in the first 12", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4375849", "score": "0.9297905", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "TNA Impact!'s move to Monday nights", "text": "26, \"Raw\" aired the 2010 WWE draft, and scored a 3.3 rating, while \"Impact!\" lost 48% of their audience with a 0.5 rating. \"Impact!\" moved back to Thursday nights starting with the May 13 show. On the final battle between \"Raw\" and \"Impact!\", \"Raw\" drew a 3.05 and \"Impact!\" drew a 0.8 rating gaining a 37.5% in total viewers. The replay ratings of most of Monday night episodes were sufficient for survival but showed that the average audience is some two million viewers that prefer to watch on Thursdays. In a press release, Spike TV's Senior Vice President of Sports", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20017378", "score": "0.92944306", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "WWE Raw", "text": "The Score (now renamed Sportsnet 360) after it was announced that TSN would be carrying \"Monday Night Football\" for the 2006 season. This meant that Canadian viewers would have to watch via tape-delay, as The Score did not broadcast \"Raw\" live at that time. Around that time, The Score aired \"Countdown to Raw\" until May 2013 when \"Raw\" is shown live to match the United States airtime. During its run on TSN, which aired live, occasionally had been censored live for extremely violent scenes, or when female wrestlers or characters were assaulted by male wrestlers (particularly one segment that featured", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2556884", "score": "0.9279504", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "History of WWE Raw", "text": "the agreement with Spike TV, effectively ending \"Raw\" and other WWE programs's tenure on the network when their deal expired in September 2005. On April 4, 2005, WWE announced a three-year deal with NBCUniversal to bring \"Raw\" back to its former home, the USA Network, with two yearly specials on NBC and a Spanish \"Raw\" on Telemundo. On the same week as \"Raw\"s return to the USA Network, Spike TV scheduled Ultimate Fighting Championship's live \"Ultimate Fight Night\" in \"Raw\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s old timeslot in an attempt to go head-to-head with \"Raw\". On June 26, 2005, Jonathan Coachman revealed that he would", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20431543", "score": "0.9245955", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "History of WWE SmackDown", "text": "Syfy had 2.8 million viewers and was taped on December 29; in the main event Dean Ambrose and Roman Reigns defeated Kevin Owens and Sheamus by disqualification. On January 7, 2016, \"SmackDown\" started airing on USA Network. With the move, all top three WWE programs – \"Raw\", \"SmackDown\" and \"Tough Enough\" – would air on the same network for the first time ever. According to Lawler, \"SmackDown\" may move back to Friday nights on USA Network and go live. There was a possibility that \"SmackDown\" may move to Tuesday nights on USA Network and go live. \"SmackDown\" remained on Thursday", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20435034", "score": "0.92412835", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "WWE Raw", "text": "Sports 4 in Japan. In New Zealand, Raw airs live on Sky 5, Saturday nights on Maori Television as a one-hour version, and Monday nights on Te Reo as a one-hour version in the Maori language. \"Raw\" airs in China on various local networks within China and Videoland Television Network in Taiwan in both English and Thai. \"Raw\" airs in Hong Kong on ViuTVsix. \"Raw\" airs in Singapore on Star World. \"Raw\" airs live on Fox Sports in Mexico and across Central and South America. It also airs on La Red in Chile, Unitel in Bolivia, Canal Uno in Colombia,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2556889", "score": "0.92064273", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "TNA Impact!'s move to Monday nights", "text": "vs. Career match between Jeff Jarrett and Mick Foley. The night after WrestleMania XXVI, \"Raw\" scored a 3.7 rating, up from last week, and \"Impact!\" scored a 0.62. Spike executives announced the April 5 live \"Impact!\" would air an hour earlier than \"Raw\" due to competition from an NCAA college basketball tournament. The April 5 episode of \"Raw\" lost 14% of their viewers with a 3.15 rating, while \"Impact!\" scored a 0.9 rating, their highest rating since the March 15 episode, gaining a 33% in total viewers as they aired Kurt Angle vs. Mr. Anderson in a ladder match. After", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20017376", "score": "0.9201832", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "RTÉ2", "text": "first series of \"Raw\", choosing to air its second series on RTÉ One. RTÉ are not currently looking for drama specifically for RTÉ 2 which brings to an end a significant amount of work brought to the channel from RTÉ's drama department and independent producers. Many of the dramas of this era on RTÉ 2 were seen as experimental but also highly modern and innovative. Monday night has been comedy night on RTÉ 2 since its 1997 re-launch. Many US sitcoms were intermixed with live Irish comedy such as \"Don't Feed The Gondolas (DFTG)\", \"The Panel\", \"The Podge and Rodge", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1752682", "score": "0.9183693", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "History of WWE Raw", "text": "their superstars go home for the holiday season. \"Raw\" will also often air on tape delay whenever the company is touring overseas, such as its biannual airing of \"Raw\" from the United Kingdom (which is shown live in that country). Until the end of its first run on USA Network in 2000, \"Raw\" would also often be pre-empted by the annual Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show, which after WWE's return to USA in 2005 would air on CNBC on Monday nights. On September 27, 1999, Mick Foley helped \"Raw Is War\" achieve some of its highest ratings ever with a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20431537", "score": "0.9175724", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Monday Night Wars", "text": "this coming! Let him go! I'm going to kill that son of a bitch! Get out of the fucking way!\", and none of the profanity was censored. The angle polarized fans and shocked the USA Network, which was not accustomed to airing a program with the profanity and level of violence presented in the vignettes. Although the WWF (and Pillman himself) were forced to issue apologies to avoid \"Raw\" being canceled for breach of contract, the ensuing discussion of the incident in the fan community generated the most attention the WWF had received since the beginning of the Monday Night", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15325014", "score": "0.91628176", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "WWE", "text": "2016, \"SmackDown\" would change networks to the USA Network. The contract with \"NBCUniversal\" expires in 2019. On November 17, 2016, WWE and Sky Deutschland signed a multi-year agreement to distribute WWE's premier pay-per-view events and broadcast \"Raw\" and \"SmackDown Live\" on SKY Sports starting in April 2017. On April 10, 2017, WWE and DAZN, announced that Raw and SmackDown would be available live in Japan with Japanese commentary for the first time ever. On April 27, 2017, WWE and TV5, announced a new agreement to broadcast one-hour editions of SmackDown. On May 12, 2017, WWE and Saran Media, announced a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "729770", "score": "0.9152969", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Hulu", "text": "being available for an entire month starting the day following their original airings. The entire series (with the exception of \"Super Best Friends\", \"200\", and \"201\") is available for viewing on the Hulu subscription service. On May 14, 2015, AT&T struck a deal with Hulu that would give its customers access to streaming service on both regular and premium tiers. On October 22, 2016, AT&T announced a deal to buy Time Warner, who owns 10% of Hulu, for $108.7 billion. In November 2017, the U.S. Justice Department said it was moving to sue to block the AT&T-Time Warner merger. AT&T", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4375869", "score": "0.9145836", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "2016 WWE draft", "text": "Brock Lesnar in a rematch from WrestleMania XX. On November 29, 2016, a new show called \"205 Live\" premiered. The new show exclusively features WWE's cruiserweight division. The division was formerly exclusive to \"Monday Night Raw\", but is now shared between \"Raw\" and \"205 Live\", and wrestlers from the division occasionally appear on NXT. As a result of the reintroduction of the brand extension, the July 19 Draft episode (and the first live episode) of \"SmackDown\" on Tuesdays gained a viewership by 2.2 rating with 3.17 million viewers (compare to \"Raw\"s rating with 3.04 million viewers on the previous night),", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19567510", "score": "0.9123181", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "WWE brand extension", "text": "promotion. The new brand debuted on Sci Fi Channel on June 13, 2006, with its final episode on February 16, 2010, on the rebranded Syfy. It was replaced the following week with \"WWE NXT\". On May 25, 2016, it was announced that beginning July 19, \"SmackDown\" would broadcast live on Tuesday nights, as opposed to being taped on Tuesdays and airing on Thursdays as it was previously, receiving a unique roster and set of writers compared to \"Raw\", thus restoring the brand extension. The draft took place on the live premiere episode of \"SmackDown\" to determine the rosters between both", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6637309", "score": "0.90913105", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Professional wrestling in Australia", "text": "\"SmackDown!\" returned on Saturday nights as well as the pay-per-views, starting with SummerSlam. \"RAW\" was moved from Fox Sports to FOX8 and was shown on Friday nights. In order to prevent spoiler hunting on the internet, FOX8 moved WWE programming to timeslots closer to their United States air date. In February 2005, \"WWE Heat\", \"WWE Velocity\" and \"The WWE Experience\" were added to Fox8 and set up a large wrestling program on Saturdays and Sundays. Despite \"Heat\", \"Velocity\" and \"Experience\" all being cancelled in the United States the shows continued to be shown in Australia to fulfill contractual obligations. When", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7856392", "score": "0.904954", "original_retrieval_index": 29 } ]

[ "Abid Ali Neemuchwala" ]

[ { "title": "Wipro", "text": "Wipro announced that it was buying Appirio, an Indianapolis-based cloud services company for $500 million. In 2017, the company expanded its operations in London. In 2017, Wipro Limited won a five-year IT infrastructure and applications managed services engagement with Grameenphone (GP), a leading telecom operator in Bangladesh and announced it would set up a new delivery centre there. In 2018, the company began building software to help with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in Europe. In March 2018, Wipro said it would be buying a third of Denim Group. In April 2018, the company sold its stake in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12881692", "score": "1.2621266", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Wipro", "text": "Wipro Wipro Limited is an India-based information technology, consulting and business process services company headquartered in Bengaluru, India. In 2013, Wipro demerged its non-IT businesses into separate companies. The company was incorporated on 29 December 1945 in Amalner, Maharashtra by Mohamed Premji as \"Western India Vegetable Products Limited\", later abbreviated to \"Wipro\". It was initially set up as a manufacturer of vegetable and refined oils in Amalner, Maharashtra, India under the trade names of Kisan, Sunflower, and Camel. In 1966, after Mohamed Premji's death, his son Azim Premji returned home from Stanford University and took over Wipro as its chairman", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12881684", "score": "1.2238246", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Wipro", "text": "and COO from April 2015, was appointed CEO with effect from 1 February 2016. Wipro Wipro Limited is an India-based information technology, consulting and business process services company headquartered in Bengaluru, India. In 2013, Wipro demerged its non-IT businesses into separate companies. The company was incorporated on 29 December 1945 in Amalner, Maharashtra by Mohamed Premji as \"Western India Vegetable Products Limited\", later abbreviated to \"Wipro\". It was initially set up as a manufacturer of vegetable and refined oils in Amalner, Maharashtra, India under the trade names of Kisan, Sunflower, and Camel. In 1966, after Mohamed Premji's death, his son", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12881699", "score": "1.2015097", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Abidali Neemuchwala", "text": "industry. Neemuchwala was appointed group president and COO in April 2015. As the COO, Neemuchwala spearheaded several initiatives that helped create a more nimble and agile organization, and accelerated Wipro’s ability to not only respond to customers in the digital age, but also ensure deeper employee engagement. On 1 February 2016 he was appointed CEO and executive director of Wipro succeeding T.K. Kurien. As CEO, Neemuchwala oversees $8 billion in revenue and more than 160,000 employees serving clients across six continents. In September 2018, Neemuchwala helped land Wipro its largest deal in history with a $1.5 billion, 10-year contract with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19377001", "score": "1.1954548", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Jessie Paul", "text": "years as chief marketing officer. At Wipro, she was instrumental in globalizing Wipro's marketing team. As the Head of Marketing in Wipro, where she was leading a team of 50, she was able to put into practice everything that she learnt about leadership and management as an MBA student. She was also the one who raised the representation of women in the marketing department- from just 12 percent when she joined to 50 percent when she quit. She also created the shared-marketing unit for Wipro Technologies and Wipro Infotech, besides devising strategies to build the Wipro brand. She wrote the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14761260", "score": "1.1832999", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Abidali Neemuchwala", "text": "Abidali Neemuchwala Abidali Neemuchwala (born 8 December 1967) is an Indian-American business executive, and the chief executive officer (CEO) of Wipro since February 2016. Neemuchwala, who had been group president and COO of Wipro from April 2015, was appointed CEO with effect from 1 February 2016. He previously was the CEO of the BPO division of Tata Consultancy Services Limited. Neemuchwala has a bachelor's degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering from the National Institute of Technology, Raipur, and a master's degree in Industrial Management from IIT Bombay. He is a certified software quality analyst and has a Six Sigma Green", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19376999", "score": "1.172885", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Jessie Paul", "text": "she was aiming for- Chief Marketing Officer at Wipro in 2005. In 2009 December, she quit Wipro Technologies to start her own venture, Paul Writer Strategic Advisory, a marketing platform for B2B early-stage companies in the traditional and new media space like social blogging in 2010 because after being in the services marketing sector for 18 years, she wanted to start all over again as she wanted the feel of being a CEO. Paul is considered an expert in brand globalization, is recognized for her contribution towards putting the Indian IT industry on the global map, and has been named", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14761263", "score": "1.1593065", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "A. L. Rao", "text": "A. L. Rao A. Lakshman Rao is the former Chief Operating Officer of Wipro Technologies. Rao joined Wipro's Information Technology business as a founder member in 1980 and contributed significantly towards building a R&D team. From 1993 to 1996, he worked as Vice President (Technical) at Wipro Systems and played an important role in building competence in Client/Server and Object technologies. During this period, he was instrumental in building a number of business practices from scratch. Testing services, business intelligence, data warehousing and e-Enabling are some of them. As group Vice President and Chief Technology Officer of Wipro from 1996–1999,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15216291", "score": "1.1498343", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Wipro", "text": "In 2006 Wipro acquired cMango Inc., a US-based technology infrastructure Consulting firm Enabler, and a Europe-based retail solutions provider. In 2007, Wipro signed a large deal with Lockheed Martin. It also agreed to acquire Oki Techno Centre Singapore Pte Ltd (OTCS) and signed an R&D partnership contract with Nokia Siemens Networks in Germany. In 2008 Wipro’s entered the clean energy business with Wipro Eco Energy. In April 2011, Wipro signed an agreement with Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) for the acquisition of their global oil and gas information technology practice. In 2012 Wipro employed more than 70,000 H-1B visa professional", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12881690", "score": "1.1474756", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Wipro", "text": "At the end of December 31, 2015, its employee strength was 170,664. Abid Ali Neemuchwala was appointed as Wipro's CEO after T. K. stepped down in early 2016.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Wipro", "text": "airport IT services company JV. In August 2018, WiPro paid US $75m to National Grid US as a settlement for a botched SAP implementation that a 2014 audit estimated could cost the company US $1 billion. Wipro had been hired as systems integrator in 2010, but errors in the rollout, intended to replace an Oracle system, caused serious losses and reputational damage. To compete with Hindustan Unilever and Procter & Gamble, in May 2018 Wipro Consumer Care and Lighting announced it would increase Indian distribution of its acquired personal care brands Enchanteur and Yardley. Other recent acquisitions included Unza Holdings,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12881693", "score": "1.1453574", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Girish Paranjpe", "text": "Girish Paranjpe Girish Paranjpe is a venture capitalist. General Partner with Exfinity Venture Partners . Exfinity invests in deep tech start ups typically at early stage. Girish was also Operating Partner with a global Private Equity fund. Girish Paranjpe was the managing director of Bloom Energy International. He was the former Joint CEO of Wipro’s IT Business and a Member of the Board of Wipro Limited. He jointly carried the overall responsibility for the strategy and operations of Wipro's IT Business. Paranjpe joined Wipro in 1990 and held a broad range of leadership positions in critical portfolios across the Wipro", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13760107", "score": "1.1314956", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "A. L. Rao", "text": "he implemented ISO 9000 compliant quality processes across the Software Divisions of Infotech Group. He has also driven the SEI CMM initiative enabling Wipro to become the first SEI CMM Level 5 Software Services Company in the world. In Oct 2000, Rao took over the leadership of Telecom and Internetworking Solutions Division and steered the business through multifold growth to its present prominent position. In June 2005, the then CEO of Wipro Technologies, Vivek Paul quit, and Rao was appointed the COO. From June 2005 to September 2008 he worked as the Chief Operating Officer, with the responsibility for Product", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15216292", "score": "1.1288682", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Shiju Radhakrishnan", "text": "supply chain management. After two years, he left to join Wipro as a consultant in the same domain. The absence of a standalone service that aggregated the entire process of researching, planning and booking a holiday package struck Shiju while he was working at Cognizant. The idea slowly took a concrete form and the site iTraveller.com was launched on 9 November 2009. Shortly after, Shiju joined Wipro and the day-to-day management of iTraveller was done by Chitra, his wife. The company opened its first office on 19 August 2010 in Kochi, Kerala, and in January 2012, Shiju resigned and started", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18862840", "score": "1.1217206", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Simon Phipps (programmer)", "text": "Chief Strategy Officer of identity startup ForgeRock before becoming an independent consultant. In 2015 he joined Wipro Technologies as director of their open source advisory practice. Phipps was President of the Open Source Initiative until 2015 when he stepped down in preparation for the end of his Board term in 2016, and was re-elected in 2017 and re-appointed President by the Board in September 2017. He is also currently a board member of the Open Rights Group and The Document Foundation and on the advisory board of Open Source for America. He has served on a number of advisory boards", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13962323", "score": "1.109719", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Wipro", "text": "November 2012 \"Guide to Greener Electronics\", Greenpeace ranked Wipro first with a score of 7.1/10. Listing: Wipro's equity shares are listed on Bombay Stock Exchange where it is a constituent of the BSE SENSEX index, and the National Stock Exchange of India where it is a constituent of the S&P CNX Nifty. The American Depositary Shares of the company are listed at the NYSE since October 2000. Shareholding: The table provides the share holding pattern as of 30-Sep-2018. Abidali Neemuchwala was appointed as Wipro's CEO after T. K. Kurien stepped down in early 2016. Neemuchwala, who had been group president", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12881698", "score": "1.1003929", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Wipro", "text": "LD Waxson, and Zhongshan. On May 3, 2018, it was announced that Wipro was opening manufacturing locations in Andhra Pradesh and Guangzhou. On May 4, 2018, it was reported that Wipro's stock value had been decreasing. The day earlier, press had said that HCL would likely unseat Wipro that quarter as the third largest Indian IT company, after TCS and Infosys. Wipro Limited is a global provider of comprehensive IT solutions and services, including Systems Integration, Consulting, Information Systems outsourcing, IT-enabled services, R&D services. Wipro entered into the technology business in 1981 and has over 160,000 employees and clients across", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12881694", "score": "1.0990753", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Wipro", "text": "in 1992, developed expertise to offer standard hydraulic cylinders for construction equipment and truck tipping systems. The market saw the launch of the \"Santoor\" talcum powder and \"Wipro Baby Soft\" range of baby toiletries in 1990. In 1995, Wipro set up an overseas design centre, Odyssey 21, for undertaking projects and product developments in advanced technologies for overseas clients. Wipro Infotech and Wipro Systems were amalgamated with Wipro in April that year. Five of Wipro's manufacturing and development facilities secured the ISO 9001 certification during 1994–95. In 1999, Wipro acquired Wipro Acer. Wipro became a more profitable, diversified corporation with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12881687", "score": "1.098526", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Girish Paranjpe", "text": "Corporation during his tenure in Wipro since the early 1990s. Paranjpe's direct responsibilities included the following business units: Financial Services, Communication, Media, Telecom and Technology vertical. Girish was also directly responsible for driving Consulting, Business Technology Services, Product Engineering Solutions and other functions under him are Global Delivery, CTO and CIO office & Operations. Paranjpe had represented Wipro and the IT Industry in various public forums including the Prime Minister's Task Force on Information Technology, the NASSCOM, and leading global business schools. Paranjpe is a Fellow Member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India and the Institute of Cost", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13760108", "score": "1.0973272", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Wipro", "text": "organizations. In February 2002, Wipro became the first software technology and services company in India to be ISO 14001 certified. Wipro Consumer Care and Lighting Group entered the market of compact fluorescent lamps, with the launch of a range of CFL, under the brand name of Wipro Smartlite. As the company grew, a study revealed that Wipro was the fastest wealth creator for 5 years (1997–2002). It set up a wholly owned subsidiary company (Wipro Consumer Care Limited) to manufacture consumer care and lighting products. In 2004 Wipro joined the billion dollar club. It also partnered with Intel for i-shiksha.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12881689", "score": "1.0936046", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Ashok Soota", "text": "of his career with the Shriram Group of Industries in India in 1965. He served as President of Wipro Infotech from 1984 to 1999. Under his watch, Wipro’s IT business grew from US $2 million in 1984 to a US $500 million run-rate in 1999. Soota co-founded Mindtree in 1999 which has currently a revenue of US $780 million, has an approximate of 19000 employees, and offices across the Americas, Europe and Asia. Soota is the founding chief patron of the Samarthanam Trust for the Disabled. He is the founding trustee for Ashirvadam, an NGO focused on the environment and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6273953", "score": "1.0701424", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Vivek Paul", "text": "a global business and for much of Wipro's growth into a multibillion-dollar company. On October 19, 2000, Wipro was listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Paul was recognized as among the top 6 managers in the world by Jack Welch in one of his books, as well as by several business magazines. In June 2005, Paul joined private equity firm, TPG Capital, as an investing partner spanning various fund classes, from buyout to Asia to venture capital. He went on to be a Founding Partner of TPG Growth, a fund focussed on growth capital for midsize companies. He resigned", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1721108", "score": "1.0687029", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Wipro", "text": "at the age of 21. During the 1970s and 1980s, the company shifted its focus to new business opportunities in the IT and computing industry, which was at a nascent stage in India at the time. On 7 June 1977, the name of the company changed from Western India Vegetable Products Limited, to Wipro Products Limited. The year 1980 marked the arrival of Wipro in the IT domain. In 1982, the name was changed from Wipro Products Limited to Wipro Limited. Meanwhile, Wipro continued to expand in the consumer products domain with the launch of \"Ralak\" a Tulsi based family", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12881685", "score": "1.0680591", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Mani Subramanian", "text": "Keane. Mani Subramanian moved out of Keane post this merger to form a venture in data analytics. Mani has experience in the global information technology industry, managing divisions and businesses in the UK, India, and the United States. Prior to starting Caritor, Mani was the president of Wipro Systems and was responsible for leading Wipro through a period of significant growth in its IT offshoring business. Before joining Wipro, Mani was part of the management team at Tata Consultancy Services and was instrumental in growing their UK operation. Mani has made several business-related contributions in the field of computer software.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11180755", "score": "1.0670221", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Wipro", "text": "new products such as the Wipro SuperGenius personal computers (PCs). In 1999, the product was the one Indian PC range to obtain US-based National Software Testing Laboratory (NSTL) certification for the Year 2000 (Y2K) compliance in hardware for all models. Wipro Limited joined with KPN (Royal Dutch telecom) to form a joint venture company \"Wipro Net Limited\" to provide internet services in India. In 2000 Wipro launched Wipro OSS Smart and Wipro WAP Smart. In the same year, Wipro got listed on New York Stock Exchange and it Premji approached KPMG to form a mega-outsourcing joint venture between the two", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12881688", "score": "1.0584767", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "A. L. Rao", "text": "computers. Rao has delivered the keynote speech at the 2nd World Congress on Software Quality in Japan in 2000. He was also a guest speaker at the Project Management Conferences held in Japan & USA. He has been elected a Fellow of the Indian National Academy of Engineering for distinguished contribution to Computer Science & Engineering. Rao did his MSc and PhD (in Nuclear Physics) from Andhra University, India. A. L. Rao A. Lakshman Rao is the former Chief Operating Officer of Wipro Technologies. Rao joined Wipro's Information Technology business as a founder member in 1980 and contributed significantly towards", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15216294", "score": "1.0483545", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Wipro", "text": "temporary workers in the United States. In 2012 Wipro acquired Australian Trade Promotions Management firm Promax Applications Group (PAG) for $35 million. Also, in that year, Wipro Ltd. demerged its consumer care, lighting, furniture, infrastructure engineering (hydraulics and water and medical diagnostic business) into a separate company to be named 'Wipro Enterprises Ltd'. Prior to demerger, these companies together contributed about 10% of the revenues of Wipro Limited. In 2014, Wipro signed a 10-year $1.2 billion contract with ATCO, a Canadian Energy & Utilities corporation based in Calgary, Alberta. This was the largest deal in Wipro's history. In October 2016,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12881691", "score": "1.0473431", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Azim Premji", "text": "Azim Premji Azim Hashim Premji (born 24 July 1945) is an Indian business tycoon, investor, and philanthropist, who is the chairman of Wipro Limited. He is informally known as the Czar of the Indian IT Industry. He was responsible for guiding Wipro through four decades of diversification and growth to finally emerge as one of the global leaders in the software industry. In 2010, he was voted among the 20 most powerful men in the world by Asiaweek. He has twice been listed among the 100 most influential people by TIME Magazine, once in 2004 and more recently in 2011.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2499072", "score": "1.0467169", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Krishnakumar Natarajan", "text": "Krishnakumar Natarajan Krishnakumar Natarajan is one of the co-founders of Mindtree, a global information technology solutions company, where he is currently the Executive Chairman. He was appointed as the Chairman of NASSCOM for the year 2013–2014. He was earlier a senior executive with Wipro and is an alumnus of XLRI. KK graduated in 1979 with a degree in Mechanical Engineering from the College of Engineering, Guindy, Chennai, India. In 1981, he completed his Master’s in Business Administration (MBA) majoring in marketing and systems from XLRI, Jamshedpur, India. KK started his career in Wipro and held various key positions there from", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17337900", "score": "1.0458024", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Appirio", "text": "a serverless company, utilizing only public cloud solutions and no in-house datacenter. On 20 October 2016, Appirio announced that they will be acquired by Wipro, an Indian information technology services corporation based in Bangalore, India, for $500 million. Appirio ranks among firms like Acumen Solutions, Bluewolf (acquired by IBM), and Cloud Sherpas (acquired by Accenture) in the market for cloud computing solutions. Increasingly Appirio is found to be a primary competitor of global system integrators such as Accenture and Deloitte. Appirio Appirio, a Wipro company, is an information technology consulting company headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana (United States) that offers technology", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15395079", "score": "1.0438006", "original_retrieval_index": 28 } ]

[ "adenosine diphosphate (ADP)" ]

[ { "title": "P/O ratio", "text": "P/O ratio The Phosphate/Oxygen Ratio, or P/O Ratio, refers to the amount of ATP produced from the movement of two electrons through a defined electron transport chain, donated by reduction of an oxygen atom. The P/O ratio is dependent on the quantity of hydrogen atoms transported outward across an electrochemical gradient, and the number of protons which return inward through the membrane via an enzyme such as ATP synthase. The ATP generated will be dependent on the amount of ATP produced per rotation of the ATP synthase rotor, and the number of hydrogen atoms necessary to complete a rotation. Inward", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16460906", "score": "1.0194433", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "P/O ratio", "text": "\"e\", and 4 H are required to move inward to synthesize a molecule of ATP. P/O ratio The Phosphate/Oxygen Ratio, or P/O Ratio, refers to the amount of ATP produced from the movement of two electrons through a defined electron transport chain, donated by reduction of an oxygen atom. The P/O ratio is dependent on the quantity of hydrogen atoms transported outward across an electrochemical gradient, and the number of protons which return inward through the membrane via an enzyme such as ATP synthase. The ATP generated will be dependent on the amount of ATP produced per rotation of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16460908", "score": "1.0052235", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Basal metabolic rate", "text": "can require a breakdown, and also to build in the rest period, which occurs during the strengthening phase associated with muscular contraction. ATP is composed of adenine, a nitrogen containing base, ribose, a five carbon sugar (collectively called adenosine), and three phosphate groups. ATP is a high energy molecule because it stores large amounts of energy in the chemical bonds of the two terminal phosphate groups. The breaking of these chemical bonds in the Krebs Cycle provides the energy needed for muscular contraction. Because the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen atoms in all carbohydrates is always the same as that", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2897674", "score": "1.0010388", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Adenosine triphosphate", "text": "coenzyme. From the perspective of biochemistry, ATP is classified as a nucleoside triphosphate, which indicates that it consists of three components: a nitrogenous base (adenine), the sugar ribose, and the triphosphate. In terms of its structure, ATP consists of an adenine attached by the 9-nitrogen atom to the 1′ carbon atom of a sugar (ribose), which in turn is attached at the 5′ carbon atom of the sugar to a triphosphate group. In its many reactions related to metabolism, the adenine and sugar groups remain unchanged, but the triphosphate is converted to di- and monophosphate, giving respectively the derivatives ADP", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17616", "score": "1.0007014", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Adenosine diphosphate", "text": "one fewer phosphate group. Energy transfer used by all living things is a result of dephosphorylation of ATP by enzymes known as ATPases. The cleavage of a phosphate group from ATP results in the coupling of energy to metabolic reactions and a by-product of ADP. Being the \"molecular unit of currency\", ATP is continually being reformed from lower-energy species ADP and AMP. The biosynthesis of ATP is achieved throughout processes such as substrate-level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation, and photophosphorylation, all of which facilitating the addition of a phosphate group to ADP. ADP cycling supplies the energy needed to do work in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "897319", "score": "0.9891772", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Phosphate", "text": "phosphates bound in various phosphate esters. Inorganic phosphate is generally denoted P and at physiological (homeostatic) pH primarily consists of a mixture of and ions. Inorganic phosphate can be created by the hydrolysis of pyrophosphate, denoted PP: However, phosphates are most commonly found in the form of adenosine phosphates (AMP, ADP, and ATP) and in DNA and RNA. It can be released by the hydrolysis of ATP or ADP. Similar reactions exist for the other nucleoside diphosphates and triphosphates. Phosphoanhydride bonds in ADP and ATP, or other nucleoside diphosphates and triphosphates, can release high amounts of energy when hydrolyzed which", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "326044", "score": "0.9855665", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Metabolism", "text": "group-transfer reactions is carried out by a particular coenzyme, which is the substrate for a set of enzymes that produce it, and a set of enzymes that consume it. These coenzymes are therefore continuously made, consumed and then recycled. One central coenzyme is adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the universal energy currency of cells. This nucleotide is used to transfer chemical energy between different chemical reactions. There is only a small amount of ATP in cells, but as it is continuously regenerated, the human body can use about its own weight in ATP per day. ATP acts as a bridge between catabolism", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "278150", "score": "0.9792292", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Adenosine monophosphate", "text": "the hydrolysis of one high energy phosphate bond of ADP: AMP can also be formed by hydrolysis of ATP into AMP and pyrophosphate: When RNA is broken down by living systems, nucleoside monophosphates, including adenosine monophosphate, are formed. AMP can be regenerated to ATP as follows: AMP can be converted into IMP by the enzyme myoadenylate deaminase, freeing an ammonia group. In a catabolic pathway, adenosine monophosphate can be converted to uric acid, which is excreted from the body in mammals. The eukaryotic cell enzyme 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, or AMPK, utilizes AMP for homeostatic energy processes during times", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "897329", "score": "0.97446454", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Glucose 1-phosphate", "text": "Glucose 1-phosphate Glucose 1-phosphate (also called cori ester) is a glucose molecule with a phosphate group on the 1'-carbon. It can exist in either the α- or β-anomeric form. In glycogenolysis, it is the direct product of the reaction in which glycogen phosphorylase cleaves off a molecule of glucose from a greater glycogen structure. A deficiency muscle glycogen phosphorylase is known as glycogen storage disease type V (McArdle Disease). To be utilized in cellular catabolism it must first be converted to glucose 6-phosphate by the enzyme phosphoglucomutase. One reason that cells form glucose 1-phosphate instead of glucose during glycogen breakdown", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4714933", "score": "0.9740156", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "ATP hydrolysis", "text": "ATP hydrolysis is the reaction by which chemical energy that has been stored in the high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is released, for example in muscles, by producing work in the form of mechanical energy. The product is adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and an inorganic phosphate, orthophosphate (Pi). ADP can be further hydrolyzed to give energy, adenosine monophosphate (AMP), and another orthophosphate (Pi). ATP hydrolysis is the final link between the energy derived from food or sunlight and useful work such as muscle contraction, the establishment of electrochemical gradients across membranes, and biosynthetic processes necessary to maintain life.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Creatine phosphate shuttle", "text": "inorganic phosphate for ATP formation. At the onset of exercise phosphocreatine is broken down to provide ATP for muscle contraction. ATP hydrolysis results in products of ADP and inorganic phosphate. The inorganic phosphate will be transported into the mitochondrial matrix, while the free creatine passes through the outer membrane where it will be resynthesised into PCr. The antiporter transports the ADP into the matrix, while transporting ATP out. Due to the high concentration of ATP around the mitrochondrial creatine kinase, it will convert ATP into PCr which will then move back out into the cells cytoplasm to be converted into", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15884581", "score": "0.9725796", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "High-energy phosphate", "text": "PP, to effectively supply the energy of hydrolysis of two high-energy bonds, with the hydrolysis of PP being allowed to go to completion in a separate reaction. The AMP is regenerated to ATP in two steps, with the equilibrium reaction ATP + AMP ↔ 2ADP, followed by regeneration of ATP by the usual means, oxidative phosphorylation or other energy-producing pathways such as glycolysis. Often, high-energy phosphate bonds are denoted by the character '~'. In this \"squiggle\" notation, ATP becomes A-P~P~P. The squiggle notation was invented by Fritz Albert Lipmann, who first proposed ATP as the main energy transfer molecule of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1003148", "score": "0.9625191", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Adenosine triphosphate", "text": "bonds\". The hydrolysis of ATP into ADP and inorganic phosphate releases 30.5 kJ/mol of enthalpy, with a change in free energy of 3.4 kJ/mol. The energy released by cleaving either a phosphate (P) or pyrophosphate (PP) unit from ATP at standard state of 1 M are: These abbreviated equations can be written more explicitly (R = adenosyl): With a typical intracellular concentration of 1–10 mM, ATP is abundant. The dephosphorylation of ATP and rephosphorylation of ADP and AMP occur repeatedly in the course of aerobic metabolism. ATP can be produced by a number of distinct cellular processes; the three main", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17619", "score": "0.9610004", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Adenine", "text": "It forms adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a nucleoside triphosphate, when three phosphate groups are added to adenosine. Adenosine triphosphate is used in cellular metabolism as one of the basic methods of transferring chemical energy between chemical reactions. In older literature, adenine was sometimes called Vitamin B. Due to it being synthesized by the body and not essential to be obtained by diet, it does not meet the definition of vitamin and is no longer part of the Vitamin B complex. However, two B vitamins, niacin and riboflavin, bind with adenine to form the essential cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and flavin", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "498292", "score": "0.9597384", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Crista", "text": "enzyme ATP synthase produces ATP from ADP and a phosphate group. This harnesses the potential energy from the concentration gradient formed by the amount of H ions. H ions passively pass into the mitochondrial matrix by the ATP synthase, and later help to re-form HO (water). The electron transport chain requires a varying supply of electrons in order to properly function and generate ATP. However, the electrons that have entered the electron transport chain would eventually pile up like cars traveling down a blocked one-way street. Those electrons are finally accepted by oxygen (O). As a result, they form two", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1626664", "score": "0.9537208", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Adenosine diphosphate", "text": "conformational change when connecting to actin during muscle contraction. It takes multiple reactions between myosin and actin to effectively produce one muscle contraction, and, therefore, the availability of large amounts of ATP is required to produce each muscle contraction. For this reason, biological processes have evolved to produce efficient ways to replenishment the potential energy of ATP from ADP. Breaking one of ATP's phosphorus bonds generates approximately 30.5 kilojoules per Mole of ATP (7.3 kcal). ADP can be converted, or powered back to ATP through the process of releasing the chemical energy available in food; in humans, this is constantly", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "897321", "score": "0.94719625", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Glucose 6-phosphate", "text": "and muscles in the form of glycogen for most multicellular animals, and in intracellular starch or glycogen granules for most other organisms. Within a cell, glucose 6-phosphate is produced by phosphorylation of glucose on the sixth carbon. This is catalyzed by the enzyme hexokinase in most cells, and, in higher animals, glucokinase in certain cells, most notably liver cells. One equivalent of ATP is consumed in this reaction. The major reason for the immediate phosphorylation of glucose is to prevent diffusion out of the cell. The phosphorylation adds a charged phosphate group so the glucose 6-phosphate cannot easily cross the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2845023", "score": "0.9471224", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Glucose 6-phosphate", "text": "cell membrane. Glucose-6-phosphate is also produced during glycogenolysis from glucose-1-phosphate, the first product of the breakdown of glycogen polymers. When the ratio of NADP : NADPH increases, the body realizes it needs to produce more NADPH (a reducing agent for several reactions like fatty acid synthesis and glutathione reduction in erythrocytes). This will cause the G6P to be dehydrogenated by glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase. This irreversible reaction is the initial step of the pentose phosphate pathway, which generates the useful cofactor NADPH as well as ribulose-5-phosphate, a carbon source for the synthesis of other molecules. Also, if the body needs nucleotide", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2845024", "score": "0.94396317", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Phosphate", "text": "give them their vital role in all living organisms. They are generally referred to as high-energy phosphate, as are the phosphagens in muscle tissue. Compounds such as substituted phosphines have uses in organic chemistry, but do not seem to have any natural counterparts. The addition and removal of phosphate from proteins in all cells is a pivotal strategy in the regulation of metabolic processes. Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation are important ways that energy is stored and released in living systems. Cells use ATP for this. Phosphate is useful in animal cells as a buffering agent. Phosphate salts that are commonly used", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "326045", "score": "0.9429763", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Bioenergetics", "text": "the stronger bonds formed when ATP is hydrolyzed (broken down by water) to adenosine diphosphate and inorganic phosphate. Here it is the thermodynamically favorable free energy of hydrolysis that results in energy release; the phosphoanhydride bond between the terminal phosphate group and the rest of the ATP molecule does not itself contain this energy. An organism's stockpile of ATP is used as a battery to store energy in cells. Utilization of chemical energy from such molecular bond rearrangement powers biological processes in every biological organism. Living organisms obtain energy from organic and inorganic materials; i.e. ATP can be synthesized from", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4402417", "score": "0.9388349", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Oxidative phosphorylation", "text": "pathway. This enzyme is found in all forms of life and functions in the same way in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The enzyme uses the energy stored in a proton gradient across a membrane to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate (P). Estimates of the number of protons required to synthesize one ATP have ranged from three to four, with some suggesting cells can vary this ratio, to suit different conditions. This phosphorylation reaction is an equilibrium, which can be shifted by altering the proton-motive force. In the absence of a proton-motive force, the ATP synthase reaction", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "304671", "score": "0.9381701", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Carbohydrate catabolism", "text": "a proton-motive force is established, which provides the energy to convert ADP to ATP. The H+ ions that were initially forced to one side of the mitochondrion membrane now naturally flow through a membrane protein called ATP synthase, a protein that converts ADP to ATP with the help of H+ ions. Carbohydrate catabolism Digestion is the breakdown of carbohydrates to yield an energy rich compound called ATP. The production of ATP is achieved through the oxidation of glucose molecules. In oxidation, the electrons are stripped from a glucose molecule to reduce NAD+ and FAD. NAD+ and FAD possess a high", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1695255", "score": "0.9364993", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "1,3-Bisphosphoglyceric acid", "text": "of 1,3BPG is important in respiration as it assists in the formation of ATP. The molecule of ATP created during the following reaction is the first molecule produced during respiration. The reaction occurs as follows; The transfer of an inorganic phosphate from the carboxyl group on 1,3BPG to ADP to form ATP is reversible due to a low ΔG. This is as a result of one acyl phosphate bond being cleaved whilst another is created. This reaction is not naturally spontaneous and requires the presence of a catalyst. This role is performed by the enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase. During the reaction", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6412238", "score": "0.936191", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Carbohydrate metabolism", "text": "glycolysis pathway and is later cleaved into glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Lactose, or milk sugar, consists of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of galactose. After separation from glucose, galactose travels to the liver for conversion to glucose. Galactokinase uses one molecule of ATP to phosphorylate galactose. The phosphorylated galactose is then converted to glucose-1-phosphate, and then eventually glucose-6-phosphate, which can be broken down in glycolysis. Many steps of carbohydrate metabolism allow the cells to access energy, and store it more transiently in ATP. The cofactors NAD and FAD are sometimes reduced during this process to form NADH and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2356895", "score": "0.93332636", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Cardiolipin", "text": "inner membrane proteins in mammalian mitochondria. However, studies with isolated enzyme preparations indicate that its importance may vary depending on the protein examined. Since there are two phosphates in the molecule, each of them can catch one proton. Although it has a symmetric structure, ionizing one phosphate happens at a very different levels of acidity than ionizing both: pK = 3 and pK > 7.5. So under normal physiological conditions (wherein pH is around 7), the molecule may carry only one negative charge. The hydroxyl groups (–OH and –O) on phosphate would form a stable intramolecular hydrogen bond with the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4996415", "score": "0.9314953", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Glutathione synthetase", "text": "ions function to stabilize the acylphosphate intermediate, facilitate binding of ATP, and activate removal of phosphate group from ATP. Sulfate ion serves as a replacement for inorganic phosphate once the acylphosphate intermediate is formed inside the active site. The biosynthetic mechanisms for synthetases use energy from nucleoside triphosphates, whereas synthases do not. Glutathione synthetase stays true to this rule, in that it uses the energy generated by ATP. Initially, the carboxylate group on γ-glutamylcysteine is converted into an acyl phosphate by the transfer of an inorganic phosphate group of ATP to generate an acyl phosphate intermediate. Then the amino group", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9409873", "score": "0.9307405", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "High-energy phosphate", "text": "High-energy phosphate High-energy phosphate can mean one of two things: High-energy phosphate bonds are pyrophosphate bonds, acid anhydride linkages formed by taking phosphoric acid derivatives and dehydrating them. As a consequence, the hydrolysis of these bonds is exergonic under physiological conditions, releasing energy. Except for PP → 2 P, these reactions are, in general, not allowed to go uncontrolled in the human cell but are instead coupled to other processes needing energy to drive them to completion. Thus, high-energy phosphate reactions can: The one exception is of value because it allows a single hydrolysis, ATP + HO → AMP +", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1003147", "score": "0.92765045", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Sugar phosphates", "text": "Sugar phosphates Sugar phosphates (sugars that have added or substituted phosphate groups) are often used in biological systems to store or transfer energy. They also form the backbone for DNA and RNA (DNA having two sugar molecules, and RNA having just one). Sugar phosphate backbone geometry is altered in the vicinity of the modified nucleotides. Sugar phosphates may be divided into two groups - those that are acid-labile (aldose 1-phosphates) and those that are not. Consequently, too low a pH was to be avoided during the elution of glucose 1-phosphate and ribose 1-phosphate. On the other hand, in order to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8109987", "score": "0.9275624", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Cellular respiration", "text": "third phosphate group is added to form ATP (adenosine triphosphate), by substrate-level phosphorylation, NADH and FADH The negative ΔG indicates that the reaction can occur spontaneously. The potential of NADH and FADH is converted to more ATP through an electron transport chain with oxygen as the \"terminal electron acceptor\". Most of the ATP produced by aerobic cellular respiration is made by oxidative phosphorylation. This works by the energy released in the consumption of pyruvate being used to create a chemiosmotic potential by pumping protons across a membrane. This potential is then used to drive ATP synthase and produce ATP from", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "983004", "score": "0.926764", "original_retrieval_index": 33 }, { "title": "Adenosine triphosphate", "text": "necessary to transport phosphate into the mitochondrion; the phosphate carrier moves a proton in with each phosphate, partially dissipating the proton gradient. After completing glycolysis, the Citric Acid Cycle, electrons transport chain, and oxidative phosphorylation, approximately 30-38 ATP are produced per glucose. The citric acid cycle is regulated mainly by the availability of key substrates, particularly the ratio of NAD to NADH and the concentrations of calcium, inorganic phosphate, ATP, ADP, and AMP. Citrate – the ion that gives its name to the cycle – is a feedback inhibitor of citrate synthase and also inhibits PFK, providing a direct link", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17629", "score": "0.92518365", "original_retrieval_index": 34 } ]

[ "somatic cell nuclear transfer" ]

[ { "title": "Megan and Morag", "text": "transfer the nucleus from one cell to another and stimulate this new cell to grow and become an animal, a process known as nuclear transfer. The team at the Roslin Institute tried to make immortalized and undifferentiated embryonic stem cell lines in sheep, but failed. As a result, they decided to work with cultured blastocyst cells. The nuclear material of these blastocyst cells would be transferred into an unfertilized sheep egg cell, an oocyte where the nucleus had been removed. To optimize the chances of successful nuclear transfer, they put the cultured cells into a state of quiescence, which was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10500888", "score": "1.0944893", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "John Gurdon", "text": "the Basel Institute for Immunology in Switzerland. They transplanted a nucleus from an antibody-producing lymphocyte (proof that it was fully differentiated) into an enucleated egg and obtained living tadpoles. Gurdon’s experiments captured the attention of the scientific community and the tools and techniques he developed for nuclear transfer are still used today. The term clone (from the ancient Greek word \"κλών\" (klōn, “twig”)) had already been in use since the beginning of the 20th century in reference to plants. In 1963 the British biologist J. B. S. Haldane, in describing Gurdon’s results, became one of the first to use the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4033519", "score": "1.0750506", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Somatic cell nuclear transfer", "text": "treatment. For example, to treat a man with Parkinson's disease, a cell nucleus from one of his cells would be transplanted by SCNT into an egg cell from an egg donor, creating a unique lineage of stem cells almost identical to the patient's own cells. (There would be differences. For example, the mitochondrial DNA would be the same as that of the egg donor. In comparison, his own cells would carry the mitochondrial DNA of his mother.) Potentially millions of patients could benefit from stem cell therapy, and each patient would require a large number of donated eggs in order", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1451418", "score": "1.0437402", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Xenbase", "text": "Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka on October 8, 2012. for nuclear reprogramming in Xenopus. Importance: Gurdon's experiments challenged the dogma of the time which suggested that the nucleus of a differentiated cell is committed to their fate (Example: a liver cell nucleus remains a liver cell nucleus and cannot return to an undifferentiated state). Specifically, John Gurdon's experiments showed that a mature or differentiated cell nucleus can be returned to its immature undifferentiated form; this is the first instance of cloning of a vertebrate animal. Experiment: Gurdon used a technique known as nuclear transfer to replace the killed-off nucleus of a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13323937", "score": "1.019665", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Elaine Diacumakos", "text": "at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Cornell University Medical Center from 1965 to 1971. In 1961 she joined Edward Tatum, developing microneedle techniques that allowed her to transplant the nuclei of one cell to another. She returned to Rockefeller University as a senior researcher in 1971, working on cellular drug resistance and cell insertion techniques. She made important contributions to the micromanipulation of mammalian cells. She studied the displacement of chromosomes during extraction at different mitotic stages. She demonstrated the precise fusion of mammalian somatic cells using microsurgery in 1972. She was made head of the Cytobiology Laboratory", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20846785", "score": "1.014446", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Cell fusion", "text": "biologists successfully fused cells of different types and from different species. The hybrid products of these fusions, heterokaryon, were hybrids that maintained two or more separate nuclei. This work was headed by Henry Harris at the University of Oxford and Nils Ringertz from Sweden's Karolinska Institute. These two men are responsible for reviving the interest of cell fusion. The hybrid cells interested biologists in the area of how different kinds of cytoplasm affect different kinds of nuclei. The work conducted by Henry and Nils showed that proteins from one gene fusion affect gene expression in the other partner's nucleus, and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10565440", "score": "1.0058591", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Cell fusion", "text": "the walls and cavities of the cells coalesce together. It was this observation that provided the first hint that cells fuse. It was not until 1960 that cell biologists deliberately fused cells for the first time. To fuse the cells, biologists combined isolated mouse cells, with the same kind of tissue, and induced fusion of their outer membrane using the Sendai virus (a respiratory virus in mice). Each of the fused hybrid cells contained a single nucleus with chromosomes from both fusion partners. Synkaryon became the name of this type of cell combined with a nucleus. In the late 1960s", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10565439", "score": "0.99123806", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Somatic cell nuclear transfer", "text": "human embryos. Leading scientists to seek an alternative method of obtaining stem cells, SCNT is one such method. A potential use of stem cells genetically matched to a patient would be to create cell lines that have genes linked to a patient's particular disease. By doing so, an \"in vitro\" model could be created, would be useful for studying that particular disease, potentially discovering its pathophysiology, and discovering therapies. For example, if a person with Parkinson's disease donated his or her somatic cells, the stem cells resulting from SCNT would have genes that contribute to Parkinson's disease. The disease specific", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1451398", "score": "0.98977745", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Nuclear transfer", "text": "of the nucleus. Nuclear transfer Nuclear transfer is a form of cloning. The steps involve removing the DNA from an oocyte (unfertilised egg), and injecting the nucleus which contains the DNA to be cloned. In rare instances, the newly constructed cell will divide normally, replicating the new DNA while remaining in a pluripotent state. If the cloned cells are placed in the uterus of a female mammal, a cloned organism develops to term in rare instances. This is how Dolly the Sheep and many other species were cloned. Cows are commonly cloned to select those that have the best milk", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4785136", "score": "0.9877391", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Somatic cell nuclear transfer", "text": "In genetics and developmental biology, somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is a laboratory strategy for creating a viable embryo from a body cell and an egg cell. The technique consists of taking an enucleated oocyte (egg cell) and implanting a donor nucleus from a somatic (body) cell. It is used in both therapeutic and reproductive cloning. Dolly the Sheep became famous for being the first successful case of the reproductive cloning of a mammal. \"Therapeutic cloning\" refers to the potential use of SCNT in regenerative medicine; this approach has been championed as an answer to the many issues concerning embryonic", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Fritz Bach", "text": "to 1980 was Director of the Immunobiology Research Center at the University. Bach's major contribution to transplant science was the invention of a technique to mix cells from donor material to cells from the patient. The process allowed for a better insight in which transplant material could be successfully transplanted to the patient without fear of transplant rejection. The mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) test as it was called, was an important step in transplant science. It was based on study of changing cell structures in vitro cultures of peripheral blood lymphocytes of unrelated individuals. Bach worked further on the possibilities", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19342981", "score": "0.9735242", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Cell therapy", "text": "in which cellular material is injected into a patient. There are two branches of cell therapy: one is legitimate and established, whereby human cells are transplanted from a donor to a patient; the other is dangerous alternative medicine, whereby injected animal cells are used to attempt to treat illness. The origins of cell therapy can perhaps be traced to the nineteenth century, when Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard (1817–1894) injected animal testicle extracts in an attempt to stop the effects of aging. In 1931 Paul Niehans (1882–1971) – who has been called the inventor of cell therapy – attempted to cure a patient", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5606335", "score": "0.9619342", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Somatic cell nuclear transfer", "text": "stem cell lines could then be studied in order to better understand the condition. Another application of SCNT stem cell research is using the patient specific stem cell lines to generate tissues or even organs for transplant into the specific patient. The resulting cells would be genetically identical to the somatic cell donor, thus avoiding any complications from immune system rejection. Only a handful of the labs in the world are currently using SCNT techniques in human stem cell research. In the United States, scientists at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, the University of California San Francisco, the Oregon Health", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1451399", "score": "0.9553602", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Paul Nurse", "text": "cells with nuclei divide, they divide in phases called G1 (growth), S (synthesis), G2 (growth), and M (mitosis). Nurse, Hartwell and Hunt together discovered two proteins, cyclin and cyclin dependent kinase (CDK), that control the transition from one stage to another. These proteins are called checkpoints, because they check whether the cell has divided properly. If the cell doesn't divide correctly, other proteins will attempt to repair it, and if unsuccessful, they will destroy the cell. If a cell divides incorrectly and survives, it can cause cancer and other serious diseases. Working in fission yeast, Nurse identified the gene cdc2,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4887919", "score": "0.95417356", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "James Till", "text": "involved injecting bone marrow cells into irradiated mice. They observed that small raised lumps grew on the spleens of the mice, in proportion to the number of bone marrow cells injected. Till and McCulloch dubbed the lumps 'spleen colonies', and speculated that each lump arose from a single marrow cell: perhaps a stem cell. In later work, Till and McCulloch were joined by graduate student Andy Becker. They cemented their stem cell theory and in 1963 published their results in \"Nature\". In the same year, in collaboration with Lou Siminovitch, a trailblazer for molecular biology in Canada, they obtained evidence", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5464637", "score": "0.9499922", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Cell therapy", "text": "by injecting material from calf embryos. Niehans claimed to have treated many people for cancer using this technique, though his claims have never been validated by research. In 1953 researchers found that laboratory animals could be helped not to reject organ transplants by pre-inoculating them with cells from donor animals; in 1968, in Minnesota, the first successful human bone marrow transplantation took place. In more recent work, cell encapsulation is pursued as a means to shield therapeutic cells from the host immune response. Recent work includes micro-encapsulating cells in a gel core surrounded by a solid, but permeable, shell. Bone", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5606336", "score": "0.94688606", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Bone marrow", "text": "will then travel to the bone marrow and initiate blood cell production. Transplantation from one person to another is conducted for the treatment of severe bone marrow diseases, such as congenital defects, autoimmune diseases or malignancies. The patient's own marrow is first killed off with drugs or radiation, and then the new stem cells are introduced. Before radiation therapy or chemotherapy in cases of cancer, some of the patient's hematopoietic stem cells are sometimes harvested and later infused back when the therapy is finished to restore the immune system. Bone marrow stem cells can be induced to become neural cells", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1610336", "score": "0.94444585", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Cloning", "text": "growth stage when colonies consist of only a few cells, sterile polystyrene rings (cloning rings), which have been dipped in grease, are placed over an individual colony and a small amount of trypsin is added. Cloned cells are collected from inside the ring and transferred to a new vessel for further growth. Somatic-cell nuclear transfer, known as SCNT, can also be used to create embryos for research or therapeutic purposes. The most likely purpose for this is to produce embryos for use in stem cell research. This process is also called \"research cloning\" or \"therapeutic cloning.\" The goal is not", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "83928", "score": "0.93726385", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Nuclear transfer", "text": "Nuclear transfer Nuclear transfer is a form of cloning. The steps involve removing the DNA from an oocyte (unfertilised egg), and injecting the nucleus which contains the DNA to be cloned. In rare instances, the newly constructed cell will divide normally, replicating the new DNA while remaining in a pluripotent state. If the cloned cells are placed in the uterus of a female mammal, a cloned organism develops to term in rare instances. This is how Dolly the Sheep and many other species were cloned. Cows are commonly cloned to select those that have the best milk production. On 24", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4785132", "score": "0.9354844", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Xenotransplantation", "text": "Xenotransplantation Xenotransplantation (\"xenos-\" from the Greek meaning \"foreign\" or strange), or heterologous transplant is the transplantation of living cells, tissues or organs from one species to another. Such cells, tissues or organs are called xenografts or xenotransplants. It is contrasted with allotransplantation (from other individual of same species), syngeneic transplantation or isotransplantation (grafts transplanted between two genetically identical individuals of the same species) and autotransplantation (from one part of the body to another in the same person). Xenotransplantation of human tumor cells into immunocompromised mice is a research technique frequently used in pre-clinical oncology research. Human xenotransplantation offers a potential", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3377873", "score": "0.93508816", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "New York Stem Cell Foundation", "text": "of passing on these diseases. Specifically, the team removed the nucleus of an unfertilized egg cell and replaced it with the nucleus of another donor’s egg cell, but, unlike the work of previous groups, the researchers lowered the temperature of the egg, increasing transfer success rate. NYSCF Researchers Derive Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Egg Cells, Reported in \"Nature\" \"Time\" magazine-cited research led by NYSCF scientists Dieter Egli and Scott Noggle reprogrammed the adult skin cells from Type 1 diabetes patients to the pluripotent state by combining these cells with unfertilized donor eggs, as reported in \"Nature\". The scientists then", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10278154", "score": "0.93304896", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Robert Briggs (scientist)", "text": "Robert Briggs (scientist) Robert Briggs (December 10, 1911 — March 4, 1983) was a scientist who, in 1952, together with Thomas Joseph King, cloned a frog by nuclear transfer of embryonic cells. The same technique, using somatic cells, was later used to create Dolly the Sheep. Their experiment was the first successful nuclear transplantation performed in metazoans. He was a scientist at the Institute for Cancer Research of the Lankenau Hospital Research Institute (now known as the Lankenau Institute for Medical Research) when the work was conducted. Upon the death of his mother when he was two years old, Briggs", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8676456", "score": "0.9318918", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Cloning", "text": "the nucleus from a skin cell of that patient is placed into an empty egg. The reprogrammed cell begins to develop into an embryo because the egg reacts with the transferred nucleus. The embryo will become genetically identical to the patient. The embryo will then form a blastocyst which has the potential to form/become any cell in the body. The reason why SCNT is used for cloning is because somatic cells can be easily acquired and cultured in the lab. This process can either add or delete specific genomes of farm animals. A key point to remember is that cloning", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "83930", "score": "0.9310578", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Cell isolation", "text": "uses antibodies tagged with a fluorescent marker to identify where proteins are located within a cell. Isolated cells can also be used for cell culture, in which a single cell multiplies to create a colony of cells. Cell isolation can also be used as part of a treatment. Isolation of pancreatic islet cells, followed by their subsequent culture and transplantation, has been used to treat patients with Type 1 Diabetes. Cell isolation Cell isolation is the process of separating individual living cells from a solid block of tissue or cell suspension. While some types of cell naturally exist in a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20497213", "score": "0.9240012", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation", "text": "but all of these transplants were rejected. Mathé later pioneered the use of bone marrow transplants in the treatment of leukemia. Stem cell transplantation was pioneered using bone-marrow-derived stem cells by a team at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center from the 1950s through the 1970s led by E. Donnall Thomas, whose work was later recognized with a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Thomas' work showed that bone marrow cells infused intravenously could repopulate the bone marrow and produce new blood cells. His work also reduced the likelihood of developing a life-threatening complication called graft-versus-host disease. Collaborating with University", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2934794", "score": "0.92388517", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Cell therapy", "text": "Cell therapy Cell therapy (also called cellular therapy or cytotherapy) is therapy in which cellular material is injected into a patient; this generally means intact, living cells. For example, T cells capable of fighting cancer cells via cell-mediated immunity may be injected in the course of immunotherapy. Cell therapy originated in the nineteenth century when scientists experimented by injecting animal material in an attempt to prevent and treat illness. Although such attempts produced no positive benefit, further research found in the mid twentieth century that human cells could be used to help prevent the human body rejecting transplanted organs, leading", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5606333", "score": "0.9221145", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Genetic engineering techniques", "text": "to animals, indicating progression to a cancerous state, so the process used to insert foreign DNA into animal cells is usually called transfection. There are many ways to directly introduce DNA into animal cells \"in vitro\". Often these cells are stem cells that are used for gene therapy. Chemical based methods uses natural or synthetic compounds to form particles that facilitate the transfer of genes into cells. These synthetic vectors have the ability to bind DNA and accommodate large genetic transfers. One of the simplest methods involves using calcium phosphate to bind the DNA and then exposing it to cultured", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16840025", "score": "0.92204094", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Stem cell controversy", "text": "have played an important role in medical research, beginning in 1868 when Ernst Haeckel first used the phrase to describe the fertilized egg which eventually gestates into an organism. The term was later used in 1886 by William Sedgwick to describe the parts of a plant that grow and regenerate. Further work by Alexander Maximow and Leroy Stevens introduced the concept that stem cells are pluripotent. This significant discovery led to the first human bone marrow transplant by E. Donnal Thomas in 1956, which although successful in saving lives, has generated much controversy since. This has included the many complications", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6993561", "score": "0.92202705", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "John Zhang (scientist)", "text": "team took the nucleus from the mother's egg cell and inserted it into a different egg, taken from a donor woman with no genetic abnormality, which had had its original nucleus removed. Thus, the mother's nucleus replaced the nucleus in a donor cell, which had genetically normal mitochondria. The new egg cell was then fertilized with the father's sperm. Zhang could produce only one normally developing embryo out of five he created. The embryo was then implanted in the mother's uterus, and a healthy boy was born nine months later, on 6 April 2016. The study was published in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19807260", "score": "0.9216249", "original_retrieval_index": 33 }, { "title": "Shoukhrat Mitalipov", "text": "State University in 1995. He started working at the Oregon National Primate Research Center in 1998, where he could work with monkeys, which share 98% of their DNA with humans; at Utah State Mitalipov had worked with cow DNA. A therapy for mitochondrial diseases that Mitalipov discovered, the \"spindle transfer\" technique, involves removing the nucleus from a human egg and placing it into another. If the egg is fertilized, in genetic terms it would have three parents. Mitalipov has successfully bred \"three-parent\" rhesus macaques. The possibility of using the procedure on human eggs has raised safety and ethics questions. In", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18182818", "score": "0.917923", "original_retrieval_index": 34 } ]

[ "needle-like teeth", "needle-like" ]

[ { "title": "Bull shark", "text": "caudal fin is longer and lower than that of the larger sharks, and it has a small snout, and lacks an interdorsal ridge. Bull sharks have a bite force up to , weight for weight the highest among all investigated cartilaginous fishes. The bull shark is commonly found worldwide in coastal areas of warm oceans, in rivers and lakes, and occasionally salt and freshwater streams if they are deep enough. It is found to a depth of , but does not usually swim deeper than . In the Atlantic, it is found from Massachusetts to southern Brazil, and from Morocco", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1959458", "score": "1.1292155", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Shark tooth", "text": "of Georgia, shark teeth are found so often that they decided to make shark teeth the official state fossil in 1976. In taxonomy, shark teeth are counted as follows: rows of teeth are counted along the line of the jaw, while series of teeth are counted from the front of the jaw inward. A single tooth row includes one or more functional teeth at the front of the jaw, and multiple replacement teeth behind this. For example, the jaws of a bull shark can have 50 rows of teeth in 7 series, with the outermost series functional, but most sharks", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10553490", "score": "1.1238365", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Shark tooth", "text": "have five series with the average shark having about 15 rows of teeth in each jaw. The small teeth at the symphysis, where the two halves of the jaw meet, are usually counted separately from the main teeth on either side. Sharks are also known to lose at least one tooth per week. Due to their specific arrangement of rows and series however, lost teeth can be replaced within a day. Identification of most sharks are found through a combination of tooth counts and tooth shapes. Teeth can even lead to the identification of shark species like the requiem shark.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10553491", "score": "1.065034", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Fish jaw", "text": "mosaic. This gives these areas much of the same strength found in the bony tissue found in other animals. Generally sharks have only one layer of tesserae, but the jaws of large specimens, such as the bull shark, tiger shark, and the great white shark, have two to three layers or more, depending on body size. The jaws of a large great white shark may have up to five layers. In the rostrum (snout), the cartilage can be spongy and flexible to absorb the power of impacts. In sharks and other extant elasmobranchs the upper jaw is not fused to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16814533", "score": "1.0513229", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Shark tooth", "text": "part of the shark to be fossilized. Fossil teeth comprise much of the fossil record of the Elasmobranchii, extending back to hundreds of millions of years. Shark teeth are also useful in conducting research about the structure of teeth, shark migration patterns, and identifying shark species. The most ancient types of sharks date back to 450 million years ago, during the Late Ordovician period, and are mostly known by their fossilised teeth. However, the most commonly found fossil shark teeth are from the Cenozoic era (the last 66 million years). Though sharks often are highly specialized, as a category they", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10553481", "score": "1.0500656", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Shark tooth", "text": "they also exhibit partial, fading serrations, which are more pronounced near the root, and disappear towards the tip of the tooth - serrations being found in Great Whites but not Extinct Giant Makos. \"C. megalodon\" teeth are the largest of any shark, extinct or living, and are among the most sought after types of shark teeth in the world. This shark lived during the late Oligocene epoch and Neogene period, about 28 to 1.5 million years ago, and ranged to a maximum length of 60 ft. The smallest teeth are only in height, while the largest teeth are in excess", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10553486", "score": "1.0327716", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Shark tooth", "text": "their pockets as good-luck charms. This interpretation was corrected in 1611 by the Italian naturalist Fabio Colonna, who recognized them as ancient shark teeth, and, in 1667, by the Danish naturalist Nicolaus Steno, who discussed their composition and famously produced a depiction of a shark's head bearing such teeth. He mentioned his findings in a book, \"The Head of a Shark Dissected\", which also contained an illustration of a \"C. megalodon\" tooth, previously considered to be a tongue stone. In Oceania and America, shark teeth were commonly used for tools, especially on weapons such as clubs and daggers, but also", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10553495", "score": "1.0276723", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Japanese bullhead shark", "text": "cusp flanked by a pair of lateral cusplets, while the back teeth are broad and rounded. There are deep furrows at the corners of the mouth, extending onto both jaws. The first dorsal fin is very large and high, and is somewhat falcate (sickle-shaped); it originates over the bases of the pectoral fins. The second dorsal fin is much smaller, but similar in shape, and originates over the rear tips of the pelvic fins. Both dorsal fins bear stout spines on their leading edges. The pectoral fins are large; the pelvic fins are much smaller than the first dorsal fin.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8706781", "score": "1.0274674", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Shark tooth", "text": "The fossilized records of teeth helps illustrate evolutionary history, and isolated teeth are used to study and analyze specific linear measurements of the species. In order to identify teeth and specific information about the teeth, research can be done on a shark tooth. This research may uncover many different aspects about the tooth itself, and the shark species. This proves complicated, however, due to the fact that most fossilized teeth are found mixed and scattered. To collect information on basic-life history and get dispersal estimates of a shark tooth, molecular-based technology is very efficient. To further shark population studies, collection", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10553492", "score": "1.0264754", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Shark tooth", "text": "This was the first common style of shark tooth, present in the plentiful cladodont teeth of the devonian, four hundred million years ago. Sharks with needle-like teeth commonly feed on small to medium-sized fish, sometimes including small sharks. These teeth are especially effective for such prey because they can easily grip their slippery and narrow bodies. Modern examples include the blue shark and bull sharks. These sharks specifically use their teeth to feed on small prey like squid, flounder, stingrays, and even hammerhead sharks.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Shark tooth", "text": "of the shark tooth due to the fossilization process. Shark teeth are most commonly found between the Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary periods. Only after about 10,000 years will a shark tooth fossilize. The teeth commonly found are not white because they are covered with sediment from fossilization. The sediment prevents oxygen and bacteria from attacking and decaying the tooth. Fossilized shark teeth can often be found in or near river bed banks, sand pits, and beaches. These teeth are typically worn, because they were frequently moved and redeposited in different areas repeatedly before settling down. Other locations, however, yield perfect", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10553488", "score": "1.0261688", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Crested bullhead shark", "text": "extend onto both jaws. The pectoral fins are large and rounded, while the pelvic and anal fins are smaller and more angular. The first dorsal fin is moderately tall with a rounded to angular apex and a stout spine on the leading margin, originating behind the pectoral fins. The second dorsal fin resembles the first and is almost as large, and is located between the pelvic and anal fins. The caudal fin is broad, with a strong ventral notch near the tip of the upper lobe. The dermal denticles are large and rough, especially on the flanks. The coloration consists", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8706740", "score": "1.0198779", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Tooth", "text": "pharynx. While not true teeth in the usual sense, the dermal denticles of sharks are almost identical in structure and are likely to have the same evolutionary origin. Indeed, teeth appear to have first evolved in sharks, and are not found in the more primitive jawless fish – while lampreys do have tooth-like structures on the tongue, these are in fact, composed of keratin, not of dentine or enamel, and bear no relationship to true teeth. Though \"modern\" teeth-like structures with dentine and enamel have been found in late conodonts, they are now supposed to have evolved independently of later", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14142320", "score": "1.0198562", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Shark", "text": "the bull shark, tiger shark, and the great white shark, have two to three layers or more, depending on body size. The jaws of a large great white shark may have up to five layers. In the rostrum (snout), the cartilage can be spongy and flexible to absorb the power of impacts. Fin skeletons are elongated and supported with soft and unsegmented rays named ceratotrichia, filaments of elastic protein resembling the horny keratin in hair and feathers. Most sharks have eight fins. Sharks can only drift away from objects directly in front of them because their fins do not allow", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "541130", "score": "1.0194472", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Shark tooth", "text": "of . The smaller teeth ranging from 3½\" and 4½\" are more common finds, while teeth over 5\", 6\", and 7\" are more rare. These teeth are in extremely high demand by collectors and private investors, and they can fetch steep prices according to their size and deterioration. The larger teeth can cost as much as 3,000 dollars. Shark teeth cannot be collected from just any type of rock. Any fossils, including fossil shark teeth, are preserved in sedimentary rocks after falling from their mouth. The sediment that the teeth were found in is used to help determine the age", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10553487", "score": "1.017184", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Pocket shark", "text": "teeth in the lower jaw. From the one finding of the pocket shark in the Gulf of Mexico, the mouth was described to have a rectangular like opening on the underside of the body. The male shark found in the Gulf of Mexico weighed 14.6 g and had a total length of 142.0 mm. The overall shape of the shark is cylindrical where a wide, rounded snout tapers back toward caudal fin. The shark \"Mollisquama parini\" gets its name from a small pocket gland that is found behind the two pectoral fins on either side of the shark. The purpose", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8808990", "score": "1.0164373", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Shark tooth", "text": "and fish. The combination of teeth entails serrated edges to cut the larger prey into smaller portions in order to easily swallow the pieces. The most famously known shark with these teeth is the Great White shark, which feeds on animals such as sea lions, dolphins, other sharks, and even small whales. The teeth of plankton-feeders, such as the basking shark and whale shark, are greatly reduced and non-functional.[1] These sharks filter feed on prey by opening their mouths to let tiny organisms get sucked into their mouths to feed without using their teeth at all, instead filtering the food", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10553484", "score": "1.0140595", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Shark", "text": "on larger prey such as mammals have pointed lower teeth for gripping and triangular upper teeth with serrated edges for cutting. The teeth of plankton-feeders such as the basking shark are small and non-functional. Shark skeletons are very different from those of bony fish and terrestrial vertebrates. Sharks and other cartilaginous fish (skates and rays) have skeletons made of cartilage and connective tissue. Cartilage is flexible and durable, yet is about half the normal density of bone. This reduces the skeleton's weight, saving energy. Because sharks do not have rib cages, they can easily be crushed under their own weight", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "541128", "score": "1.0104376", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Bull shark", "text": "lake have later been caught in the open ocean (and \"\"), with some taking as few as seven to 11 days to complete the journey. The bull shark's diet consists mainly of bony fish and small sharks, including other bull sharks, and stingrays. Their diet can also include turtles, birds, dolphins, terrestrial mammals, crustaceans, echinoderms. They hunt in murky waters where it is harder for the prey to see the shark coming. Bull sharks have been known to use the bump-and-bite technique to attack their prey. After the first initial contact, they continue to bite and tackle prey until they", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1959470", "score": "1.0088376", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Bullhead shark", "text": "Bullhead shark The bullhead sharks are a small order (Heterodontiformes) of basal modern sharks (Neoselachii). The nine living species are placed in a single genus, Heterodontus, in the family Heterodontidae. All are relatively small, with the largest species reaching just in maximum length. They are bottom feeders in tropical and subtropical waters. The Heterodontiforms appear in the fossil record in the Early Jurassic, well before any of the other Galeomorphii, a group that includes all modern sharks except the dogfish and its relatives. However, they have never been common, and their origin probably lies even further back. The bullhead sharks", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "765041", "score": "1.0088116", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Megalodon", "text": "believed to be the petrified tongues, or glossopetrae, of dragons and snakes. This interpretation was corrected in 1667 by Danish naturalist Nicolas Steno, who recognized them as shark teeth, and famously produced a depiction of a shark's head bearing such teeth. He described his findings in the book \"The Head of a Shark Dissected\", which also contained an illustration of a megalodon tooth. Swiss naturalist Louis Agassiz gave this shark its initial scientific name, \"Carcharodon megalodon\", in his 1843 work \"Recherches sur les poissons fossiles\", based on tooth remains. English paleontologist Edward Charlesworth in his 1837 paper used the name", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2813475", "score": "1.0052849", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Crested bullhead shark", "text": "the Latin for \"helmeted\", referring to the prominent ridges above the shark's eyes that also give it its common name. Subsequent authors moved this species to the genera \"Gyropleurodus\" and \"Molochophrys\" before placing it in \"Heterodontus\". The type specimen is a 68-cm-long female caught off Australia. This shark may also be referred to as crested shark, crested bull shark, crested horn shark, and crested Port Jackson shark. The head of the crested bullhead shark is short and wide, with a blunt, pig-like snout. The eyes are placed high on the head and lack nictitating membranes. The supraorbital ridges above the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8706738", "score": "1.0042176", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Megalodon", "text": "both jaws, causing it to be too tall. John E. Randall, an ichthyologist, used the enamel height (the vertical distance of the blade from the base of the enamel portion of the tooth to its tip) to measure the length of the shark, yielding a maximum length of about . Tooth enamel height does not necessarily increase in proportion to the animal's total length. Shark researchers Michael D. Gottfried, Leonard Compagno, and S. Curtis Bowman proposed a linear relationship between a shark's total length and the height of the largest upper anterior tooth. The proposed relationship is: total length in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2813491", "score": "1.0022426", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Bullhead shark", "text": "into a \"pickaxe\" as in lamniform sharks. Heterodontiforms have two dorsal fins, with fin spines, as well as an anal fin. The dorsal and anal fins also contain basal cartilages, not just fin rays. Bullhead Sharks have distinctive small spikes on the front of their dorsal fins. These are rumoured to be poisonous, but no further scientific tests have been done to prove this rumor true or false. Nine living species of bullhead shark are described, with another potential undescribed species in Baja California: Bullhead shark The bullhead sharks are a small order (Heterodontiformes) of basal modern sharks (Neoselachii). The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "765043", "score": "1.0020528", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Hybodontiformes", "text": "teeth fossils which are more likely to be preserved the rock record than the remainder of the sharks’ skeleton. Teeth are abundant in the fossil record because sharks shed them throughout their lifetime and teeth are resistant to erosion. Hybodont teeth are often preserved as incomplete fossils because the base of the tooth is not well attached to the crown. Hybodonts were initially divided into two groups based on their tooth shape. One group had teeth with acuminate cusps that lacked a pulp cavity; these are called osteodont teeth. The other group had a different cusp arrangement and had a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12627065", "score": "0.99683505", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Shark", "text": "all paleontologists agree that these are from true sharks, suspecting that these scales are actually those of thelodont agnathans. The oldest generally accepted shark scales are from about 420 million years ago, in the Silurian period. The first sharks looked very different from modern sharks. At this time the most common shark tooth is the cladodont, a style of thin tooth with three tines like a trident, apparently to help catch fish. The majority of modern sharks can be traced back to around 100 million years ago. Most fossils are of teeth, often in large numbers. Partial skeletons and even", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "541119", "score": "0.99081236", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Bull shark", "text": "are unable to flee. The bull shark is known to be a solitary hunter, although brief moments exist in which the bull shark teams up with another bull shark to make hunting and to tricking prey easier. Sharks are opportunistic feeders, and the bull shark is no exception to this, as it is part of the \"Carcharhinus\" family of sharks. Normally, sharks eat in short bursts, and when food is scarce, sharks digest for a much longer period of time in order to avoid starvation. As part of their survival mechanism, bull sharks will regurgitate the food in their stomachs", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1959471", "score": "0.98893625", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Crested bullhead shark", "text": "eyes of this species are larger than any other member of its family. The nostrils are separated into incurrent and excurrent openings by a long flap of skin that reaches the mouth. A furrow encircles the incurrent opening and another furrow runs from the excurrent opening to the mouth, which is located nearly at the tip of the snout. The teeth at the front of the jaws are small and pointed with a central cusp and two lateral cusplets, while those at the back of the jaws are wide and molar-like. The deep furrows at the corners of the mouth", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8706739", "score": "0.9834293", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Marine life", "text": "and rays, have jaws and skeletons made of cartilage rather than bone. Megalodon is an extinct species of shark that lived about 28 to 1.5 Ma. It looked much like a stocky version of the great white shark, but was much larger with fossil lengths reaching . Found in all oceans it was one of the largest and most powerful predators in vertebrate history, and probably had a profound impact on marine life. The Greenland shark has the longest known lifespan of all vertebrates, about 400 years. Bony fish have jaws and skeletons made of bone rather than cartilage. Bony", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5328327", "score": "0.9757861", "original_retrieval_index": 33 }, { "title": "Shark tooth", "text": "of mtDNA can be extracted from shark jaws and teeth. To study the caries-reducing effect in sharks, studies are done on the fluorine atoms that are bound covalently to calcium atoms in the teeth. Each tooth has a complex fluorapatite structure enameloid. In order to reduce effects of deterioration in the teeth, it is useful to sample only the surface of the enameloid of the tooth for this specific research. Studying and researching shark teeth betters our understandings of shark feeding behaviors, evolutionary changes, and mechanisms. This helps us to identify the teeth, and even the species. The oldest known", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10553493", "score": "0.97510535", "original_retrieval_index": 34 } ]

[ "Staci Keanan" ]

[ { "title": "My Girl 2", "text": "attached to the project but as the time passed it was becoming less and less likely that it would ever go into production. My Girl 2 My Girl 2 is a 1994 American comedy-drama film starring Anna Chlumsky, Dan Aykroyd, Christine Ebersole, Jamie Lee Curtis, Richard Masur, and Austin O'Brien. A sequel to \"My Girl\" (1991), its plot follows a now-teenaged Vada Sultenfuss, who travels from her home in suburban Pennsylvania to Los Angeles to find more information about her deceased mother. A book based on the script was written by Patricia Hermes in 1994. In the spring of 1974,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3246410", "score": "0.9344139", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "My Girl 2", "text": "My Girl 2 My Girl 2 is a 1994 American comedy-drama film starring Anna Chlumsky, Dan Aykroyd, Christine Ebersole, Jamie Lee Curtis, Richard Masur, and Austin O'Brien. A sequel to \"My Girl\" (1991), its plot follows a now-teenaged Vada Sultenfuss, who travels from her home in suburban Pennsylvania to Los Angeles to find more information about her deceased mother. A book based on the script was written by Patricia Hermes in 1994. In the spring of 1974, nearly two years following the events of the first film, Vada Sultenfuss sets out on a quest to learn more about her deceased", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3246398", "score": "0.90750057", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Emma Amos (actress)", "text": "Chesney Hawkes, the film also starred Roger Daltrey of rock band the Who as Terry, Buddy's dad. Amos was cast as Dawn, Terry's girlfriend, but only featured in a few brief scenes. Amos's first television role was in an episode of long-running sit-com \"Men Behaving Badly\", playing the part of Mandy, the annoying girlfriend of Tony's brother, in the episode \"People Behaving Irritatingly\". Following a variety of supporting-part roles, Amos eventually landed a starring role alongside Nicholas Lyndhurst in the time-travel sitcom \"Goodnight Sweetheart\". Replacing Michelle Holmes midway through the show's 6 series run, Emma took on the role of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8322508", "score": "0.8829343", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "My Girl (film)", "text": "My Girl (film) My Girl is a 1991 American comedy-drama film directed by Howard Zieff, written by Laurice Elehwany, starring Dan Aykroyd, Jamie Lee Curtis, Macaulay Culkin, and Anna Chlumsky in her feature debut. It is a coming-of-age story of a young girl who faces many different emotional highs and lows during the summer of 1972 in suburban Pennsylvania. A book based on the script was written by Patricia Hermes in 1991. The film's sequel, \"My Girl 2\", was released in 1994. In the summer of 1972, in Madison, Pennsylvania, Vada Sultenfuss is an 11-year-old girl and a hypochondriac. Harry,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3172131", "score": "0.8792937", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Nancy Meyers", "text": "and Lisa\", it starred Lindsay Lohan in her motion picture debut, in a dual role of estranged twin sisters who try to reunite their long-divorced parents, played by Dennis Quaid and Natasha Richardson. Lohan's casting as twins forced Meyers to shoot the film in motion control, a requirement she considered rather complicated. \"I really didn't know how to do it,\" she said. \"We had a prep day to go over the process, and by the end of the day I had a little better understanding. But I approached the movie like it wasn't an effects film; I just tried to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2752600", "score": "0.87462467", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Jayma Mays", "text": "\"Stacked\", \"How I Met Your Mother\", \"Heroes\", \"Pushing Daisies\", \"The Comeback\", \"Entourage\", \"Ghost Whisperer\", and \"Ugly Betty\". Mays appeared in other movies, such as \"Bar Starz\", \"Flags of Our Fathers\" and \"Blind Guy Driving\". She starred in the spoof film \"Epic Movie\" and as Amy in \"\". She was a patient on \"House\" in the episode \"Sleeping Dogs Lie\" in 2006. Mays has played the love interest of a character played by Masi Oka in two different roles: Charlie Andrews on \"Heroes\" and Nina in the direct-to-DVD film \"\". She has also been cast as a love interest twice for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8332491", "score": "0.87227184", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Laura Innes", "text": "Wisdom Bridge Theatre, where she played Stella in \"A Streetcar Named Desire\". John Malkovich played Mitch in this production. Other major stage credits include \"Two Shakespearean Actors\" with Eric Stoltz at Lincoln Center, \"Our Town\" at the Seattle Repertory Theatre, and \"Three Sisters\" at the La Jolla Playhouse in San Diego. In 1986, Innes played the young daughter of Jerry Stiller and Anne Meara in the short-lived television sitcom \"The Stiller and Meara Show\", but the series was cancelled within a few weeks. In 1989, Innes played Miss Andrews in the Nickelodeon TV series \"Hey Dude\" in season 2: episode", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4299145", "score": "0.86845905", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Dad and Dave Come to Town", "text": "but the rest of the cast were newcomers. Ingenue Shirley Ann Richards, who was under long-term contract to Cinesound Productions was cast as Jill. Billy Rayes and Leila Steppe were both Americans touring on the Tivoli vaudeville circuit. Peter Finch plays a young man in love with Dad Rudd's daughter Sarah (Valerie Scanlan). Finch had appeared in a short film, \"The Magic Shoes\" (1935), but this was his first feature. He was recommended to Hall by George Cross, Cinesound's casting director, and so impressed the director he was cast in the role. \"He was almost painfully thin in his early", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12861362", "score": "0.8598467", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Amy Hathaway", "text": "the part of Shelby Haskell in the sitcom series \"My Two Dads\" which starred Paul Reiser and Greg Evigan. in 1991, she appeared in an episode of \"The Wonder Years\". In the show's episode, \"Frank and Denise \", she played Denise Lavelle aka Denise \"The Grease\". She is in a solid relationship with Frank Stanavukovic aka Frank \"The Stank\" (played by Noah Blake). The relationship becomes strained when Kevin helps Denise with a poem and causes Frank to become Jealous. In 1996, Hathaway co-starred as Kali in the Katt Shea directed sci-fi feature \"Last Exit to Earth\". In 1997, she", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19909923", "score": "0.85759246", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Staci Keanan", "text": "Staci Keanan (born Anastasia Love Sagorsky on June 6, 1975) is a former American actress and attorney. Keanan is best known for her roles in the television series My Two Dads (1987–1990) and Step by Step (1991–1998). She has also been credited as Stacy Keenan and Staci Love.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Dad (2005 film)", "text": "disease and completely forgets who Larry is. Once she has been taken to care, Larry goes to live with his family; his son Oliver (played by Kevin Whately), his daughter-in-law Sandy (played by Sinéad Cusack) and his granddaughter Millie (played by Hannah Daniels). But whilst Larry and Oliver are spending time together, things start to take a turn for the worse in their father and son relationship. Dad (2005 film) Dad is a 2005 British television film made by BBC Wales. It stars Richard Briers, Kevin Whately, Jean Heywood, Sinéad Cusack and Hannah Daniels. It is written by Lucy Gannon,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13589264", "score": "0.8554791", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "George Eldredge", "text": "innumerable police officers. However Eldredge sometimes was cast against type, as in his role as the traitorous Dr. Tobor in the ‘B’ Movie\", .\" Arguably his best known film role came in the 1945 cult exploitation film \"Mom and Dad\" where Eldredge portrayed Dan Blake, the father of a teenage girl who accidentally becomes pregnant because her parents withhold knowledge about sex from her. Although the mores of the time prevented most advertising for this film, it still became the number two moneymaker for 1945. In 2005 it received a National Film Preservation award from the Library of Congress. Throughout", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11923277", "score": "0.8523761", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Lisa Banes", "text": "Mrs. Berry in the 1984 film \"The Hotel New Hampshire\", Bonnie in the 1988 film \"Cocktail\", Flora in the 2002 movie \"Dragonfly\", and Christina Ricci's mother in the film \"Pumpkin\". In 2014, she appeared in David Fincher's \"Gone Girl\" as Marybeth Elliott, mother of Amy Elliott (Rosamund Pike). Lisa Banes Lisa Banes (born July 9, 1955) is an American actress. She was nominated for a Drama Desk Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play in 1984 for \"Isn't it Romantic?\" and won a 1981 Theatre World Award for her performance as Alison Porter Off-Broadway in \"Look Back in Anger\".", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6692294", "score": "0.84787214", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "My Two Dads", "text": "what, or where he is, or who he is with, she would always be happy with him as one of her two dads. The series regularly featured Giovanni Ribisi and Chad Allen as two boys (Cory Kupkus and Zach Nichols, respectively) who competed for Nicole's affections, just as her two dads had done for her mother's. Florence Stanley appeared as Judge Margaret Wilbur, who was responsible for assigning Nicole's custody, and who regularly looked over the family; she was also their landlady, being the resident owner of the apartment building where the family lived. Amy Hathaway played Nicole's worldly best", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3427248", "score": "0.8449376", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Bethany Joy Lenz", "text": "daughter, a one-year run of a New York cabaret called \"Foxy Ladies Love/Boogie 70's Explosion\", and the lead role in an independent film. Lenz also filmed two pilots: one playing the daughter of Paul Sorvino, and the other as the lead in the WB's 1972. At the end of her two-year contract with \"The Guiding Light\" she left her role as Michelle Bauer Santos and moved from New York City to Los Angeles. In Los Angeles, Lenz was directed by Garry Marshall playing Pinky Tuscadero in \"Happy Days: the Musical\" (musical directors Carole King and Paul Williams) and by Arthur", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15335887", "score": "0.8367153", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Sarah Dumont", "text": "played the lead role in the film \"Acid Girls\", and then appeared in \"Dads\", \"The Rebels\", \"Bad Ass 2: Bad Asses\", \"Tbilisi, I Love You\", \"Mixology\", \"Oh, You Pretty Things!\", \"Friends with Better Lives\", \"Playing It Cool\", and \"The League\". In 2015, Dumont played the lead role of Denise Russo in the horror comedy film \"Scouts Guide to the Zombie Apocalypse\" along with Tye Sheridan, Logan Miller, Joey Morgan, and David Koechner. The film was directed by Christopher B. Landon, which released on October 30, 2015 by Paramount Pictures. She also appeared in the series \"The Royals\". Sarah Dumont Sarah", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19204128", "score": "0.8356079", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Isabella Rossellini", "text": "Robert Redford. The Sundance Channel then purchased the 2006 Guy Maddin-directed short film \"My Dad Is 100 Years Old\", a tribute that Rossellini created for her father. In the film, she played almost every role, including Federico Fellini, Alfred Hitchcock, and her mother Ingrid Bergman. Rossellini's twin sister, Isotta Ingrid, criticized the short film, calling it an \"inappropriate\" tribute. In 2007, Rossellini guest starred on two episodes of the television show \"30 Rock\", playing Alec Baldwin's character's ex-wife. Around the same time, Rossellini enrolled at Hunter College in New York, US to study Animal Behavior, and the Sundance Channel commissioned", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "771724", "score": "0.8200921", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Double Act (film)", "text": "Double Act (film) Double Act is a TV adaptation of Jacqueline Wilson's best selling book, \"Double Act\". The telefilm was made in 2001 for Channel 4 and screened in 2002, starring Birmingham twins, Zoe and Chloe Tempest-Jones. It was directed by Cilla Ware. It was the last acting role of Charlotte Coleman before she died. Ruby and Garnet are identical twins, who once lived with their Dad and their Gran in Birmingham. Their mother, Opal died a few years earlier. They are happy together, but then Dad gets a new girlfriend, Rose. The twins and Gran hate her. Dad decides", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12249835", "score": "0.8199331", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "The Uninvited (2009 film)", "text": "Rocks the Cradle.\" \"It was very important to me that every line reading I gave could be interpreted two ways,\" says Banks of her role, \"So that when you go back through the movie you can see that.\" David Strathairn plays the concerned father of the two girls. Arielle Kebbel plays Anna's older sister, Alex Ivers. The original score for the film was composed by Christopher Young, who recorded it with a 78-piece orchestra and 20-person choir. His score features a glass harmonica, and the Yale Women's Slavic Chorus. Rotten Tomatoes reported that 32% out of 126 surveyed critics gave", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10856603", "score": "0.8170154", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Bibi Besch", "text": "Bibi Besch Bibi Besch (born Bibiana Maria Köchert; February 1, 1942 – September 7, 1996) was an Austrian-American film, television, and stage actress. She is best known for playing Dr. Carol Marcus in the science fiction film \"\" (1982). Her other notable film roles were in \"Who's That Girl\" (1987), \"Steel Magnolias\" (1989), and \"Tremors\" (1990). Besch also appeared in a number of television series and received two Primetime Emmy Award nominations. Bibiana Maria Köchert was born in Vienna, Austria in 1942, the younger of two daughters born to theater actress Gusti Huber, who starred in German films during World", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4307634", "score": "0.8169848", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Elinor Donahue", "text": "in vaudeville and had several bit parts in movies as a teenager, including \"Love Is Better Than Ever\" (1952), starring Elizabeth Taylor. She played one of the daughters in \"Three Daring Daughters\" in 1948 and appeared as Mamie Van Doren's sister in \"Girls Town\" (1959). Donahue achieved stardom for her role as the elder daughter, Betty, on the television family series \"Father Knows Best\". Her co-stars were Robert Young, Jane Wyatt, Billy Gray as her younger brother, James \"Bud\" Anderson, Jr., and Lauren Chapin as her younger sister, Kathy. Donahue was a musical judge in ABC's \"Jukebox Jury\" (1953–54). While", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4836072", "score": "0.8166207", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Julia Stewart (actress)", "text": "at the Theatre Royal, Glasgow, and in Newcastle-on-Tyne, in both girls' and boys' roles. In 1876, she became a member of Sarah Thorne's theatre company, playing the adult part of Emma Marigold in \"My Awful Dad\", opposite Charles Mathews. In 1877, at the age of 15, she made her London début, creating the role of Maggie Macfarlane in W. S. Gilbert's comedy, \"Engaged\", at the Haymarket Theatre with much success. She also played the part in a provincial tour and again in the play's revival at the Strand Theatre in 1878. \"The Era\" reported: \"A decidedly favourable impression was made", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13385012", "score": "0.8136736", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "A Daughter of Two Worlds", "text": "A Daughter of Two Worlds A Daughter of Two Worlds is a surviving 1920 silent film adventure drama directed by James Young and starring Norma Talmadge, Jack Crosby, and Virginia Lee. As described in a film magazine, Jennie Malone (Talmadge), daughter of prominent underworld figure Black Jerry Malone (Sheridan), is arrested for forgery. A friend of her father's pays her bail, and she is sent to boarding school, jumping the bail. There she is educated and becomes a lady. At the home of her friend Sue Harrison (Lee), a daughter of wealth, she meets and falls in love with Kenneth", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19579896", "score": "0.8135501", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "My Girl 2", "text": "Artist Award for \"Best Performance by a Young Actress Starring in a Motion Picture\"; Thomson and O'Brien were also nominated for Young Artist Awards for their roles. For several years \"Still My Girl\" was proposed as the third motion picture in the \"My Girl\" movie franchise and it was in development at Columbia Pictures. In his 2003 United Kingdom talk show interview with host Michael Parkinson, Dan Aykroyd stated that Columbia had an interest in getting this off the ground and strong interest in Anna Chlumsky returning to her role as Vada. In 2009, both Chlumsky and Aykroyd were still", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3246409", "score": "0.81260425", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Paul Reiser", "text": "he reprised in its sequel, \"Beverly Hills Cop II\" (1987). Reiser also had roles in James Cameron's \"Aliens\" (1986), in which he played the corrupt Carter Burke; \"The Marrying Man\" (1991) and \"Bye Bye Love\" (1995). Reiser starred as one of two possible fathers of a teenage girl in the TV sitcom \"My Two Dads\" (1987–90), and later came to prominence in North America as Paul Buchman in \"Mad About You\" (1992–99), a comedy series he co-created, in which Helen Hunt co-starred as his on-screen wife. He was also the co-composer of the show's theme song, \"The Final Frontier\" (with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2201120", "score": "0.81241435", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Anna Chlumsky", "text": "the Rattlestick Playwrights Theater in New York. Dan Aykroyd, who played her father in the two \"My Girl\" films, has said that a script for a third film has been in development since 2003. In April 2012 Chlumsky \"put to rest\" any rumors that such a film was in development. In addition to her role on \"Veep\", Chlumsky has appeared in multiple television series between 2011 and 2013, including \"White Collar\", \"\", and NBC's adaptation of \"Hannibal\". Chlumsky has appeared on Broadway in \"You Can't Take It with You\", and beginning in April 2015 as editor Iris Peabody in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2367954", "score": "0.8107533", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Mary Steenburgen", "text": "who is having an affair with the title character (played by Johnny Depp); the role of Hannah Nixon in the Oliver Stone biopic, \"Nixon\" (1995); and in the Will Ferrell 2003 comedy \"Elf,\" as a woman who discovers that her husband is the father of one of Santa's elves. She has appeared in the comedy films \"Step Brothers\" (2008), starring Will Ferrell, playing the mother of Ferrell's character; \"Four Christmases\" (2008) opposite Vince Vaughn and Reese Witherspoon; and \"The Proposal\" (2009) opposite Sandra Bullock and Ryan Reynolds. \"Dirty Girl,\" which features Steenburgen along with Juno Temple, Milla Jovovich and William", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1366183", "score": "0.810038", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Michelle Collins", "text": "the British actor Tim Roth, she successfully gained a part in a musical with Gary Hutton and Gary Shail known as H.M.V. Collins had also been in \"The Illustrated mum\" by Jacqueline Wilson. Collins's first TV appearance was with Gary Oldman in the BBC drama \"Morgan's Boy\". Other TV credits included: two series of the sitcom \"Running Wild\", where she played Ray Brooks daughter; a part in ITV drama \"The Bill\"; a Screen Two production \"Lucky Sunil\", directed by Michael Caton Jones and a BBC play \"Pressures\". She later appeared in three films: \"Personal Services\", \"Empire State\" and Stephen Poliakoff's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4319341", "score": "0.809686", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Two Girls and a Guy", "text": "Two Girls and a Guy Two Girls and a Guy is a 1997 American comedy-drama film written and directed by James Toback and produced by Edward R. Pressman and Chris Hanley. It stars Robert Downey Jr., Heather Graham and Natasha Gregson Wagner. The film is mainly based upon dialogue between the characters. It was shot almost entirely in real time, and within a single setting, leading some reviewers to compare the film to a stage play. Director James Toback told interviewers he wrote the film's screenplay in only four days and shot the film in just eleven days. Two girls,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9169200", "score": "0.8087686", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Me and My Gal", "text": "billing reversed (Bennett billed over Tracy), and also played a married couple two decades later in \"Father of the Bride\" and \"Father's Little Dividend\". It was remade as a B film in 1940 by Fox as \"Pier 13\", directed by Eugene Forde. A copy is held in the U.S. Library of Congress collection. Me and My Gal Me and My Gal is a 1932 American pre-Code drama and romantic comedy film starring Spencer Tracy and Joan Bennett, directed by Raoul Walsh, and released by the Fox Film Corporation. The film tells the story of jaunty young policeman Danny Dolan (Tracy),", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7004910", "score": "0.80805576", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "giant", "ice giants" ]

[ { "title": "Planet", "text": "consists mostly of planets the size of Neptune and smaller, down to smaller than Mercury. There are types of planets that do not exist in the Solar System: super-Earths and mini-Neptunes, which could be rocky like Earth or a mixture of volatiles and gas like Neptune—a radius of 1.75 times that of Earth is a possible dividing line between the two types of planet. There are hot Jupiters that orbit very close to their star and may evaporate to become chthonian planets, which are the leftover cores. Another possible type of planet is carbon planets, which form in systems with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "307223", "score": "1.0550528", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Planet", "text": "than Mercury. Neptune is 30 AU from the Sun and takes 165 years to orbit, but there are exoplanets that are hundreds of AU from their star and take more than a thousand years to orbit, e.g. 1RXS1609 b. The next few space telescopes to study exoplanets are expected to be Gaia launched in December 2013, CHEOPS in 2018, TESS in 2018, and the James Webb Space Telescope in 2021. A planetary-mass object (PMO), planemo, or planetary body is a celestial object with a mass that falls within the range of the definition of a planet: massive enough to achieve", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "307226", "score": "0.98401225", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Neptune", "text": "its namesake god's role as the ruler of the sea. In modern Greek the planet is called \"Poseidon\" (Ποσειδώνας, \"Poseidonas\"), the Greek counterpart of Neptune. In Hebrew, \"Rahab\" (רהב), from a Biblical sea monster mentioned in the Book of Psalms, was selected in a vote managed by the Academy of the Hebrew Language in 2009 as the official name for the planet, even though the existing Latin term \"Neptun\" (נפטון) is commonly used. In Māori, the planet is called \"Tangaroa\", named after the Māori god of the sea. In Nahuatl, the planet is called \"Tlāloccītlalli\", named after the rain god", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12383544", "score": "0.9777146", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Mini-Neptune", "text": "Mini-Neptune A mini-Neptune or sub-Neptune (sometimes known as a gas dwarf or transitional planet) is a planet of up to 10 Earth masses (), less massive than Uranus and Neptune, which have about 14.5 and 17 , respectively. Mini-Neptunes have thick hydrogen–helium atmospheres, probably with deep layers of ice, rock or liquid oceans (made of water, ammonia, a mixture of both, or heavier volatiles). Theoretical studies of such planets are loosely based on knowledge about Uranus and Neptune. Without a thick atmosphere, it would be classified as an ocean planet instead. An estimated dividing line between a rocky planet and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16586594", "score": "0.96787244", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Neptune", "text": "20th century. The planet's distance from Earth gives it a very small apparent size, making it challenging to study with Earth-based telescopes. Neptune was visited by \"Voyager 2\", when it flew by the planet on 25 August 1989. The advent of the \"Hubble Space Telescope\" and large ground-based telescopes with adaptive optics has recently allowed for additional detailed observations from afar. Like Jupiter and Saturn, Neptune's atmosphere is composed primarily of hydrogen and helium, along with traces of hydrocarbons and possibly nitrogen, but it contains a higher proportion of \"ices\" such as water, ammonia, and methane. However, its interior, like", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12383533", "score": "0.966323", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Exoplanetology", "text": "mostly between the size of Neptune and the size of Earth. If a planet is detectable by both the radial-velocity and the transit methods, then both its true mass and its radius can be determined, as well as its density. Planets with low density are inferred to be composed mainly of hydrogen and helium, whereas planets of intermediate density are inferred to have water as a major constituent. A planet of high density is inferred to be rocky, like Earth and the other terrestrial planets of the Solar System. Gaseous planets that are hot is because they are close to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11389317", "score": "0.9651388", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "IAU definition of planet", "text": "(i.e., they orbit the Sun twice for every three Neptune orbits). Since the orbits of these objects are entirely dictated by Neptune's gravity, Neptune is therefore gravitationally dominant. On June 11, 2008, the IAU announced that the subcategory of dwarf planets with trans-Neptunian orbits would be known as \"plutoids\". In an accompanying press release, the IAU said that: This subcategory includes Pluto, Haumea, Makemake and Eris. Some aspects of the definition are as yet difficult to apply outside the Solar System. Techniques for identifying extrasolar objects generally cannot determine whether an object has \"cleared its orbit\", except indirectly via an", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8538620", "score": "0.9622625", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Giant planet", "text": "despite being less massive overall. Neptune is therefore denser and has much more internal heat and a more active atmosphere. The Nice model, in fact, suggests that Neptune formed closer to the Sun than Uranus did, and should therefore have more heavy elements. Massive solid planets can also exist. For example, Kepler-10c is composed of mostly of rock with possibly up to 20% high-pressure water ice, but does have a hydrogen-dominated envelope. Solid planets up to thousands of Earth masses may be able to form around massive stars (B-type and O-type stars; 5–120 solar masses), where the protoplanetary disk would", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "163781", "score": "0.9618753", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "HD 164922 c", "text": "on its similar mass to Neptune. The planet orbits a (G-type) star named HD 164922. The star has a mass of 0.87 and a radius of around 0.99 . It has a temperature of 5293 K and is 13.4 billion years old. In comparison, the Sun is about 4.6 billion years old and has a temperature of 5778 K. The star is metal-rich, with a metallicity ([Fe/H]) of 0.16, or 144% the solar amount. This is particularly odd for a star as old as HD 164922. Its luminosity () is 70% of the solar luminosity. The star's apparent magnitude, or", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19731632", "score": "0.9606361", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Neptune", "text": "Like Jupiter and Saturn, Neptune's atmosphere is composed primarily of hydrogen and helium, along with traces of hydrocarbons and possibly nitrogen, but it contains a higher proportion of \"ices\" such as water, ammonia, and methane. However, its interior, like that of Uranus, is primarily composed of ices and rock, which is why Uranus and Neptune are normally considered \"ice giants\" to emphasise this distinction. Traces of methane in the outermost regions in part account for the planet's blue appearance.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Neptune", "text": "be visible to the naked eye and can be outshone by Jupiter's Galilean moons, the dwarf planet Ceres and the asteroids 4 Vesta, 2 Pallas, 7 Iris, 3 Juno, and 6 Hebe. A telescope or strong binoculars will resolve Neptune as a small blue disk, similar in appearance to Uranus. Because of the distance of Neptune from Earth, its angular diameter only ranges from 2.2 to 2.4 arcseconds, the smallest of the Solar System planets. Its small apparent size makes it challenging to study visually. Most telescopic data was fairly limited until the advent of the \"Hubble Space Telescope\" and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12383582", "score": "0.9570918", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Timeline of astronomy", "text": "is not sensitive enough to image stars. A new planet, Neptune, is identified by German astronomer Johann Gottfried Galle while searching in the position suggested by Urbain Le Verrier. Le Verrier has calculated the position and size of the planet from the effects of its gravitational pull on the orbit of Uranus. An English mathematician, John Couch Adams, also made a similar calculation a year earlier. Astronomers notice a new bright emission line in the spectrum of the Sun's atmosphere during an eclipse. The emission line is caused by an element's giving out light, and British astronomer Norman Lockyer concludes", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5986871", "score": "0.9563174", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Neptune", "text": "belt in 1992 led many astronomers to debate whether Pluto should be considered a planet or as part of the Kuiper belt. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union defined the word \"planet\" for the first time, reclassifying Pluto as a \"dwarf planet\" and making Neptune once again the outermost known planet in the Solar System. Neptune's mass of 1.0243 kg is intermediate between Earth and the larger gas giants: it is 17 times that of Earth but just 1/19th that of Jupiter. Its gravity at 1 bar is 11.15 m/s, 1.14 times the surface gravity of Earth, and surpassed only", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12383546", "score": "0.95567846", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Mini-Neptune", "text": "on their compositions; the dividing mass can vary from as low as one to as high as 20 . Mini-Neptune A mini-Neptune or sub-Neptune (sometimes known as a gas dwarf or transitional planet) is a planet of up to 10 Earth masses (), less massive than Uranus and Neptune, which have about 14.5 and 17 , respectively. Mini-Neptunes have thick hydrogen–helium atmospheres, probably with deep layers of ice, rock or liquid oceans (made of water, ammonia, a mixture of both, or heavier volatiles). Theoretical studies of such planets are loosely based on knowledge about Uranus and Neptune. Without a thick", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16586596", "score": "0.94981146", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Neptune", "text": "of the sea, identified with the Greek Poseidon. The demand for a mythological name seemed to be in keeping with the nomenclature of the other planets, all of which, except for Earth, were named for deities in Greek and Roman mythology. Most languages today, even in countries that have no direct link to Greco-Roman culture, use some variant of the name \"Neptune\" for the planet. However, in Chinese, Vietnamese, Japanese, and Korean, the planet's name was translated as \"sea king star\" (), because Neptune was the god of the sea. In Mongolian, Neptune is called \"Dalain Van\" (Далайн ван), reflecting", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12383543", "score": "0.94890976", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "HD 69830 d", "text": "giants Jupiter and Saturn. Its temperature is , close to that of Earth. The radius is not known, however given its mass of 17 , which is around that of the planet Neptune, it likely has a radius of around 4 . In other terms, it is basically a warmer version of Neptune. The planet orbits a (G-type) star named HD 69830, orbited by total of three planets, of which HD 69830 d has the longest orbital period. The star has a mass of 0.86 and a radius of 0.90 . It has a surface temperature of 5394 K and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9068517", "score": "0.9459393", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Neptune", "text": "a mass about 1.2 times that of Earth. The pressure at the centre is 7 Mbar (700 GPa), about twice as high as that at the centre of Earth, and the temperature may be 5,400 K. At high altitudes, Neptune's atmosphere is 80% hydrogen and 19% helium. A trace amount of methane is also present. Prominent absorption bands of methane exist at wavelengths above 600 nm, in the red and infrared portion of the spectrum. As with Uranus, this absorption of red light by the atmospheric methane is part of what gives Neptune its blue hue, although Neptune's vivid azure", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12383550", "score": "0.944254", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Neptune", "text": "Tlāloc. In Thai, Neptune is referred both by its Westernised name \"Dao Nepjun\" (ดาวเนปจูน), and is also named \"Dao Ketu\" (ดาวเกตุ, \"Star of Ketu\"), after the descending lunar node Ketu (केतु) who plays a role in Hindu astrology. From its discovery in 1846 until the subsequent discovery of Pluto in 1930, Neptune was the farthest known planet. When Pluto was discovered, it was considered a planet, and Neptune thus became the second-farthest known planet, except for a 20-year period between 1979 and 1999 when Pluto's elliptical orbit brought it closer than Neptune to the Sun. The discovery of the Kuiper", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12383545", "score": "0.94005466", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "55 Cancri e", "text": "Neptune or a large rocky terrestrial planet. In 2011, a transit of the planet was confirmed, allowing scientists to calculate its density. At first it was suspected to be a water planet. As initial observations showed no hydrogen in its Lyman-alpha signature during transit, Ehrenreich speculated that its volatile materials might be carbon dioxide instead of water or hydrogen. An alternative possibility is that 55 Cancri e is a solid planet made of carbon-rich material rather than the oxygen-rich material that makes up the terrestrial planets in our solar system. In this case, roughly a third of the planet's mass", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7705199", "score": "0.9391206", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Extraterrestrial skies", "text": "would only be as bright as magnitude −4.9, about the same as Venus despite its proximity. Judging by the color of its atmosphere, the sky of Neptune is probably an azure or sky blue, similar to Uranus'. As in the case of Uranus, it is unlikely that the planet's rings can be seen from its surface, as they are very thin and dark. Aside from the Sun, the most impressive object in Neptune's sky is its large moon Triton, which would appear slightly smaller than a full Moon on Earth. It moves more swiftly than our Moon, because of its", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2991254", "score": "0.9388424", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Planetary system", "text": "the other hand, microlensing surveys indicate that long-period Neptune-mass planets are found around 1 in 3 red dwarfs. Kepler Space Telescope observations of planets with up to one year periods show that occurrence rates of Earth- to Neptune-sized planets (1 to 4 Earth radii) around M, K, G, and F stars are successively higher towards cooler, less massive stars. At the low-mass end of star-formation are sub-stellar objects that don't fuse hydrogen: the brown dwarfs and sub-brown dwarfs, of spectral classification L,T and Y. Planets and protoplanetary disks have been discovered around brown dwarfs, and disks have been found around", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1868344", "score": "0.93874913", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "HD 154672", "text": "planet Neptune as perceived with the naked eye, which has an apparent magnitude of 7.78 at its brightest. The star's actual brightness is measured with an absolute magnitude of 4.12, similar to that of the Sun. HD 154672 b is a Hot Jupiter, as it is a closely orbiting planet with a high mass. Specifically, HD 154672 has a mass that is 5.02 times greater than Jupiter's mass. It also orbits at a distance of 0.6 AU, or about 60% of the mean distance between the Earth and Sun. This orbit is completed every 163.91 days. HD 154672 b has", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12442543", "score": "0.93494046", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Neptune", "text": "god Neptune's trident. Neptune is not visible to the unaided eye and is the only planet in the Solar System found by mathematical prediction rather than by empirical observation. Unexpected changes in the orbit of Uranus led Alexis Bouvard to deduce that its orbit was subject to gravitational perturbation by an unknown planet. Neptune was subsequently observed with a telescope on 23 September 1846 by Johann Galle within a degree of the position predicted by Urbain Le Verrier. Its largest moon, Triton, was discovered shortly thereafter, though none of the planet's remaining known 13 moons were located telescopically until the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12383532", "score": "0.9341048", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Hot Neptune", "text": "greater rate and chance of transiting their star as seen from a farther outlying point, than planets of the same mass in larger orbits. This increases the chances of discovering them by transit-based observation methods. Transiting hot Neptunes include Gliese 436 b and HAT-P-11b. Gliese 436 b (also known as GJ 436b) was the first hot Neptune to be discovered with certainty in 2007. The exoplanet Mu Arae c (or HD 160691 c) discovered in 2004 might also be a hot Neptune, but it has not been determined definitively. Another may be Kepler-56b, which has a mass somewhat larger than", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12665431", "score": "0.93248117", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "BD+20 594b", "text": "first planet discovered orbiting that star. With a radius of 2.2 R and a mass of 16.31 M, BD+20594b is substantially smaller than Neptune. Taking the estimates of its radius and mass at face value, the composition of the planet would be rocky, hence making it classified as a mega-Earth. BD+20594b's exact composition is still unknown. The planet was discovered on January 28, 2016 by astrophysicist Néstor Espinoza and his team from the Catholic University of Chile, using data from the two-wheeled Kepler mission (K2). It orbits a K-type star 496.08 light years away in the constellation Taurus. It is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19325398", "score": "0.9284177", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Mini-Neptune", "text": "a gaseous planet is around 1.6-2.0 Earth radii. Planets with larger radii and measured masses are mostly low-density and require an extended atmosphere to simultaneously explain their masses and radii, and empirical observations are showing that planets larger than approximately 1.6 Earth-radius (more massive than approximately 6 Earth-masses) contain significant amounts of volatiles or H–He gas (such planets appear to have a diversity of compositions that is not well-explained by a single mass–radius relation as that found in rocky planets). Similar results are confirmed by other studies. As for mass, the lower limit can vary widely for different planets depending", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16586595", "score": "0.9271598", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Proxima Centauri b", "text": "many super-Earth sized planets, Proxima Centauri b could have an icy composition like Neptune, with a thick layer of hydrogen on its surface; the likelihood that this is the case has been calculated to be greater than 10%. The planet has an equilibrium temperature of . The planet orbits an M-type red dwarf named Proxima Centauri. The star has a mass of and a radius of . It has a surface temperature of 3042 K and is 4.85 billion years old. In comparison, the Sun is 4.6 billion years old and has a surface temperature of 5778 K. Proxima Centauri", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19675705", "score": "0.92673755", "original_retrieval_index": 33 }, { "title": "Exoplanetology", "text": "planets in smaller orbits than Mercury's. Neptune is 30 AU from the Sun and takes 165 years to orbit it, but there are exoplanets that are thousands of AU from their star and take tens of thousands of years to orbit, e.g. GU Piscium b. The radial-velocity and transit methods are most sensitive to planets with small orbits. The earliest discoveries such as 51 Peg b were gas giants with orbits of a few days. These \"hot Jupiters\" likely formed further out and migrated inwards. The \"Kepler\" space observatory has found planets with even shorter orbits of only a few", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11389292", "score": "0.9238962", "original_retrieval_index": 34 }, { "title": "Kepler-1229b", "text": "than that of the gas giants Neptune and Uranus. It has an equilibrium temperature of . Kepler-1229b's mass is not known, but based on its radius, it is likely to be in the range of about 2.7 , based on its composition. The planet orbits a (M-type) star named Kepler-1229, orbited by a total of one planet. The star has a mass of 0.54 and a radius of 0.51 . It has a temperature of 3724 K and is about 3.72 billion years old. In comparison, the Sun is 4.6 billion years old and has a temperature of 5778 K.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19506062", "score": "0.9222269", "original_retrieval_index": 35 }, { "title": "Planet Nine", "text": "mass and two to four times the diameter of Earth. An object with the same diameter as Neptune has not been excluded by previous surveys in visible light. Infrared surveys by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) may have the capabilities to detect Planet Nine, depending upon its location and characteristics. Past surveys by WISE have not excluded the existence of Planet Nine, and a new survey ongoing since 2017 may yet find it. Brown thinks that if Planet Nine exists, its mass is sufficient to clear its orbit of large bodies in 4.6 billion years (with possible exceptions for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19281764", "score": "0.92044055", "original_retrieval_index": 38 } ]

[ "November 13, 2017", "October 30, 2017" ]

[ { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York", "text": "Love & Hip Hop: New York Love & Hip Hop: New York (originally titled Love & Hip Hop) is the original installment of the \"Love & Hip Hop\" reality television franchise on VH1. The series premiered on March 6, 2011, and chronicles the lives of several people in New York City (and nearby areas, including New Jersey, and Yonkers), involved with hip hop music. The show features appearances from notable figures associated with East Coast hip hop. Its success has produced the spin-offs \"\", \"Chrissy & Mr. Jones\", \"\", \"\", \"\", \"Leave It To Stevie\", \"\" and \"\". On September", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17490375", "score": "1.0804317", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 9)", "text": "\"Love & Hip Hop: New York\" began filming in June 2018. On September 27, 2018, VH1 announced the show's return for a ninth season, which will premiere on November 26, 2018. After a four year hiatus, it was announced that Cyn Santana and Joe Budden would return to the show in season nine, along with Kimbella and Juelz Santana, with rapper Maino joining the cast. On November 5, 2018, VH1 released a teaser with the season's tagline \"the comeback season begins\", confirming that Rich Dollaz, after appearing as a supporting cast member in every season prior, had finally been promoted", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20984420", "score": "1.060675", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 4)", "text": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 4) The fourth season of the reality television series \"\" aired on VH1 from October 28, 2013 until February 10, 2014. The show was primarily filmed in New York City, New York. It was executively produced by Mona Scott-Young for Monami Entertainment, Toby Barraud and Stefan Springman for Eastern TV, and Shelly Tatro, Brad Abramson and Danielle Gelfand for VH1. The series chronicles the lives of several women and men in the New York area, involved in hip hop music. It consists of 14 episodes, including a two-part reunion special hosted by Mo'Nique.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19833465", "score": "1.0577446", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 2)", "text": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 2) The second season of the reality television series \"\" aired on VH1 from November 14, 2011 until February 6, 2012. The show was primarily filmed in New York City, New York. It was executively produced by Mona Scott-Young for Monami Entertainment, Toby Barraud and Stefan Springman for NFGTV, and Jim Ackerman and Jeff Olde for VH1. The series chronicles the lives of several women and men in the New York area, involved in hip hop music. It consists of 11 episodes, including \"Reality Check\", a reunion special hosted by Mona Scott-Young. On", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19833197", "score": "1.0572654", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 9)", "text": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 9) The ninth season of the reality television series \"\" premiered on VH1 on November 26, 2018. The show was primarily filmed in New York City, New York. It is executively produced by Mona Scott-Young, Stephanie Gayle and Treiva Williams for Monami Entertainment, Toby Barraud, Stefan Springman, David DiGangi, Dave Patry, Richard Allen and Meredith Kisgen for Eastern TV, and Nina L. Diaz, Liz Fine and Vivian Gomez for VH1. The series chronicles the lives of several women and men in the New York area, involved in hip hop music. Season nine of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20984419", "score": "1.0553012", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 8)", "text": "The show also features minor appearances from notable figures within the hip hop industry and New York's social scene, including Dr. Jeff, Dr. Miami and \"\"s Trina. Tara Wallace returns in an uncredited cameo appearance. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> \"Love & Hip Hop New York: Check Yourself\", which features the cast's reactions to each episode, was released weekly with every episode on digital platforms. Deleted scenes from the season's episodes were released weekly as bonus content on VH1's official website. Several cast members had their music featured on the show and released singles to coincide with the airing of the episodes. Remy &", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20397081", "score": "1.0546396", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York", "text": "series was renewed for a , which premiered on November 14, 2011. The third season of \"Love & Hip Hop\", now titled \"Love & Hip Hop: New York\" in promotional material, premiered on January 7, 2013, with nearly a whole new cast. On October 10, 2013, VH1 announced \"Love & Hip Hop: New York\" would be returning for a fourth season on October 28, 2013. The season premiered back-to-back with the second season of \"Chrissy & Mr. Jones\". On December 2, 2014, VH1 announced that \"Love & Hip Hop: New York\" would be returning for a fifth season, which premiered", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17490403", "score": "1.0494267", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 3)", "text": "Hip Hop New York: Check Yourself\", which features the cast's reactions to each episode, was released weekly with every episode on digital platforms. Deleted scenes from the season's episodes were released weekly as bonus content on VH1's official website. Several cast members had their music featured on the show and released singles to coincide with the airing of the episodes. Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 3) The third season of the reality television series \"\" aired on VH1 from January 7, 2013 until April 15, 2013. The show was primarily filmed in New York City, New York. It", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19833427", "score": "1.0464106", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 1)", "text": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 1) The first season of the reality television series \"\" aired on VH1 from March 6, 2011 until May 2, 2011. The show was primarily filmed in New York City, New York. It was executively produced by Mona Scott-Young for Monami Entertainment, Toby Barraud and Stefan Springman for NFGTV, Kenny Hull for Interloc Films, and Jim Ackerman and Jeff Olde for VH1. The series chronicles the lives of several women and men in the New York area, involved in hip hop music. It consists of 9 episodes, including a reunion special hosted by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19833165", "score": "1.0461352", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York", "text": "Love & Hip Hop reality television franchise on VH1. The series premiered on March 6, 2011, and chronicles the lives of several people in New York City (and nearby areas, including New Jersey, and Yonkers), involved with hip hop music. Its success has produced the spin-offs Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta, Chrissy & Mr. Jones, Love & Hip Hop: Hollywood, K. Michelle: My Life, Stevie J & Joseline: Go Hollywood, Leave It To Stevie and Love & Hip Hop: Miami. On October 2, 2017, VH1 announced the show's return for an eighth season, which will premiere on October 30, 2017.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 3)", "text": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 3) The third season of the reality television series \"\" aired on VH1 from January 7, 2013 until April 15, 2013. The show was primarily filmed in New York City, New York. It was executively produced by Mona Scott-Young for Monami Entertainment, Toby Barraud and Stefan Springman for NFGTV, and Shelly Tatro, Brad Abramson, Danielle Gelfand and Jeff Olde for VH1. The series chronicles the lives of several women and men in the New York area, involved in hip hop music. It consists of 14 episodes, including a two-part reunion special hosted by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19833422", "score": "1.0454736", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 2)", "text": "May 25, 2011, VH1 announced that \"Love & Hip Hop\" would be returning for a second season. The series premiered on November 14, 2011. All main cast members from the previous season returned, along with new cast members Kimbella Vanderhee, the girlfriend of Juelz Santana, and Yandy Smith, Jim Jones' manager. Teairra Marí and Erica Mena appeared as supporting cast members. The season garnered big ratings for the network, averaging 2.8 million total viewers per episode, making it VH1's highest rated series in over three and a half years. Overall, the series was the #8 highest rating series on cable", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19833198", "score": "1.0383484", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 7)", "text": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 7) The seventh season of the reality television series \"\" aired on VH1 from November 21, 2016 until February 27, 2017. The show was primarily filmed in New York City, New York. It was executively produced by Mona Scott-Young and Stephanie R. Gayle for Monami Entertainment, Toby Barraud, Stefan Springman, Mala Chapple, David DiGangi, and Josh Richards for Eastern TV, and Nina L. Diaz and Vivian Gomez for VH1. The series chronicles the lives of several women and men in the New York area, involved in hip hop music. It consists of 16", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19836203", "score": "1.0348452", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 4)", "text": "The season was released on DVD on region 1 on January 25, 2015. K. Michelle's purpose on the show was mainly served to set up her own spin-off series, as such, she appeared in infrequently and barely interacted with the rest of the cast. Her future co-stars on the show, Paris Phillips and Tracie Renee, appeared as guest stars. On October 15, 2014, VH1 officially announced \"\", which premiered on November 3, 2014. Rapper Peter Gunz finds himself in a twisted love triangle as he juggles his relationships with long-time girlfriend Tara and artist Amina. Tahiry struggles to trust Joe,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19833468", "score": "1.0312", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 4)", "text": "On October 10, 2013, VH1 announced \"\" would be returning for a fourth season on October 28, 2013. The season would premiere back to back with the second season of the spin-off series \"Chrissy & Mr. Jones\". The season was preceded by \"40 Greatest Love & Hip Hop Moments\", a 2 hour clip show hosted by Mona Scott-Young. The special aired on October 24, 2013, and showcased the franchise's most \"shocking, scandalous and dramatic \"Love & Hip Hop\" moments\", featuring clips from the show's first three seasons, as well as the first two seasons of its spin-off \"\". The cast", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19833466", "score": "1.0302179", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 5)", "text": "episodes, including a two-part reunion special hosted by Nina Parker. On January 30, 2014, VH1 announced the renewal of \"Love & Hip Hop\" for a fifth season. The series premiered on December 15, 2014. With the exception of Tahiry Jose, Erica Jean and K. Michelle, all of whom left or were fired from the show, the rest of the main cast members from last season returned, along with Cyn Santana, who was promoted to the main cast, and Chink Santana's girlfriend Chrissy Monroe. Producer Cisco Rosado joined the supporting cast, along with Darryl Strawberry's daughter Diamond Strawberry, Chink Santana and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19833488", "score": "1.0295663", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York", "text": "return to the show as supporting cast members, along with Maino, his girlfriend Maggie Carrie, \"\"s Alexis Skyy and transgender rapper Sidney Starr. Note: \"Love & Hip Hop: New York\" explores the role of women in the male-dominated industry of hip hop, their relationship struggles, as well as the intense and violent rivalries between the women in New York's hip hop scene. Over the seasons, the show has explored addiction, substance abuse, race relations, colorism, religion and the impact of incarceration on black families. Several female cast members identify as bisexual, lesbian or sexually fluid, and the show is one", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17490392", "score": "1.029405", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 5)", "text": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 5) The fifth season of the reality television series \"\" aired on VH1 from December 15, 2014 until April 13, 2015. The show was primarily filmed in New York City, New York. It was executively produced by Mona Scott-Young and Stephanie R. Gayle for Monami Entertainment, Toby Barraud, Stefan Springman, David DiGangi and Ian Gelfand for Eastern TV, and Susan Levison, Nina L. Diaz and Vivian Gomez for VH1. The series chronicles the lives of several women and men in the New York area, involved in hip hop music. It consists of 17", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19833487", "score": "1.0282987", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 9)", "text": "and Safaree, looking back on their time on the show. On November 19, 2018, VH1 released a five-minute supertrailer. On November 21, 2018, VH1 released a five-minute sneak peak from the season's premiere episode. The season would be accompanied by an official podcast, \"Love & Hip Hop: The Tea\", hosted by Jesse Janedy, TK Trinidad and Lem Gonsalves. Navarro Gray, Fetty Wap and Ruben Brito appear as guest stars in several episodes. Mendeecees Harris appears via phone call conversations with Yandy, as he was incarcerated during filming. The show also features minor appearances from notable figures within the hip hop", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20984422", "score": "1.026461", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 7)", "text": "Hop New York: Check Yourself\", which features the cast's reactions to each episode, was released weekly with every episode on digital platforms. Deleted scenes from the season's episodes were released weekly as bonus content on VH1's official website. Several cast members had their music featured on the show and released singles to coincide with the airing of the episodes. Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 7) The seventh season of the reality television series \"\" aired on VH1 from November 21, 2016 until February 27, 2017. The show was primarily filmed in New York City, New York. It was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19836209", "score": "1.0254289", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 6)", "text": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 6) The sixth season of the reality television series \"\" aired on VH1 from December 14, 2015 until March 28, 2016. The show was primarily filmed in New York City, New York. It was executively produced by Mona Scott-Young and Stephanie R. Gayle for Monami Entertainment, Toby Barraud, Stefan Springman, Mala Chapple, David DiGangi, and Ian Gelfand for Eastern TV, and Susan Levison, Nina L. Diaz, Ken Martinez and Vivian Gomez for VH1. The series chronicles the lives of several women and men in the New York area, involved in hip hop music.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19833529", "score": "1.0252575", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 9)", "text": "New York: Check Yourself\", which features the cast's reactions to each episode, was released weekly with every episode on digital platforms. Deleted scenes from the season's episodes were released weekly as bonus content on VH1's official website. Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 9) The ninth season of the reality television series \"\" premiered on VH1 on November 26, 2018. The show was primarily filmed in New York City, New York. It is executively produced by Mona Scott-Young, Stephanie Gayle and Treiva Williams for Monami Entertainment, Toby Barraud, Stefan Springman, David DiGangi, Dave Patry, Richard Allen and Meredith Kisgen", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20984424", "score": "1.0250916", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 2)", "text": "Deleted scenes from the season's episodes were released weekly as bonus content on VH1's official website. Several cast members had their music featured on the show and released singles to coincide with the airing of the episodes. Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 2) The second season of the reality television series \"\" aired on VH1 from November 14, 2011 until February 6, 2012. The show was primarily filmed in New York City, New York. It was executively produced by Mona Scott-Young for Monami Entertainment, Toby Barraud and Stefan Springman for NFGTV, and Jim Ackerman and Jeff Olde for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19833204", "score": "1.016328", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York", "text": "the title \"Diary of a Hip Hop Girlfriend\". On January 4, 2011, VH1 announced that \"Love & Hip Hop\" would debut on March 6, 2011. \"Love & Hip Hop: New York\" revolves around the everyday lives of women working in the male-dominated world of hip hop. The first two seasons focus on the personal and professional struggles of four women, two of which are girlfriends of famous rappers, and two are aspiring recording artists. Subsequent seasons expanded to include talent managers and producers, DJs and radio personalities, stylists, video vixens, glamour models and groupies. The show has a sprawling supporting", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17490379", "score": "1.0102186", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 4)", "text": "Check Yourself\", which features the cast's reactions to each episode, was released weekly with every episode on digital platforms. Deleted scenes from the season's episodes were released weekly as bonus content on VH1's official website. Several cast members had their music featured on the show and released singles to coincide with the airing of the episodes. Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 4) The fourth season of the reality television series \"\" aired on VH1 from October 28, 2013 until February 10, 2014. The show was primarily filmed in New York City, New York. It was executively produced by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19833471", "score": "1.0071092", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 2)", "text": "for Miami, after making it clear to Jim that she is not willing to wait much longer for his commitment. Jim follows and surprises Chrissy with a touching proposal. However, her happiness is short-lived when she comes face to face with Yandy at a night club and all hell breaks loose. The season ends with Emily taking a stand with Fab, Kimbella coming to a crossroads with Juelz, Somaya leaving New York for Los Angeles, Olivia refusing to compromise her career for a record deal and Jim and Chrissy severing their relationship with Yandy for good. Juelz Santana appears in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19833202", "score": "1.0041479", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York", "text": "the greatest VH1 reality stars of all time. \"Love & Hip Hop\" is often criticized for appearing to fabricate much of its storyline. Scott-Young has denied those claims: “I can’t stress enough that the stuff they deal with on (\"Love & Hip Hop\") is real. We may frame it within a production construct that allows us to shoot on a schedule, but we’re not making up the stuff that they’re going through.” She has admitted however that the show stages reactions of past events. In October 2013, Peter Gunz admitted in an interview with Sway in the Morning to exploiting", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17490396", "score": "0.99526155", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 3)", "text": "Mona Scott-Young. The show underwent major cast changes after last season's reunion special, in which all four original cast members accused their producers of manipulating storylines for drama. On September 7, 2012, VH1 announced that Chrissy Lampkin and Jim Jones would leave the show to star in their own spin-off show \"Chrissy & Mr. Jones\", along with Emily Bustamante and Jim's mother Nancy Jones. Somaya Reece quit the show all together, while Olivia Longott's role would be diminished significantly, appearing only as a supporting cast member. On December 4, 2012, VH1 announced that \"Love & Hip Hop\" would be returning", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19833423", "score": "0.99192804", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 6)", "text": "<onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Several cast members had their music featured on the show and released singles to coincide with the airing of the episodes. Love & Hip Hop: New York (season 6) The sixth season of the reality television series \"\" aired on VH1 from December 14, 2015 until March 28, 2016. The show was primarily filmed in New York City, New York. It was executively produced by Mona Scott-Young and Stephanie R. Gayle for Monami Entertainment, Toby Barraud, Stefan Springman, Mala Chapple, David DiGangi, and Ian Gelfand for Eastern TV, and Susan Levison, Nina L. Diaz, Ken Martinez and Vivian Gomez", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19833533", "score": "0.9893901", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Love & Hip Hop: New York", "text": "episode for the next few seasons, until the poorly received eighth season, where ratings dipped below 2 million viewers for the first time in four years. During a speech at a campaign rally in North Carolina on November 4, 2016, President Barack Obama referenced the show, comparing the 2016 presidential race to reality television, saying \"I mean, its like some \"Love & Hip Hop\" stuff.\" On a 2013 episode of the BET television series \"The Game\", Wendy Raquel Robinson's character Tasha makes reference to the franchise, saying \"Back in the day we weren't carrying ourselves like them damn crazies you", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17490400", "score": "0.98698056", "original_retrieval_index": 31 } ]

[ "660 quadrillion US gallons" ]

[ { "title": "GuLF Study", "text": "gallons, or 643 million litres) spilled from a depth of 5,000 ft (1,500 m) into the Gulf of Mexico, 48 miles off the coast of Louisiana. According to the GuLF Study, the duration of the spill, the area affected, the proximity to local communities, and the number of people involved in the clean-up, were all greater than in any other spill that has been studied. Around 180 miles of shoreline were \"heavily to moderately oiled,\" according to a US government report. Additional safety concerns were raised by the use of roughly nine million litres of oil dispersants, Corexit 9527 and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17418656", "score": "1.0432168", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Volume and extent of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill", "text": "for the amount of crude flowing into the Gulf each day. On 20 May 2010, United States Secretary of the Interior Ken Salazar indicated that the U.S. government would verify how much oil had leaked into the Gulf of Mexico. United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Lisa Jackson and United States Secretary of Homeland Security Janet Napolitano asked for the results of tests looking for traces of oil and dispersant chemicals in the waters of the gulf. Journalists attempting to document the impact of the spill were repeatedly refused access to public areas, and photojournalists were prevented from flying", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17092512", "score": "1.0128742", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Volume and extent of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill", "text": "water in a \"dissolved or dispersed form\". On 16 August 2010, UGA scientists said their analysis of federal estimates show that 80% of the oil the government said was gone from the Gulf of Mexico is still there. The Georgia team said \"it is a misinterpretation of data to claim that oil that is dissolved is actually gone\". Oil began washing up on the beaches of Gulf Islands National Seashore on 1 June 2010. By 4 June 2010, the spill had landed on of Louisiana's coast, had washed up along Mississippi and Alabama barrier islands, and was found for the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17092490", "score": "0.94461274", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Grand Gulf Nuclear Generating Station", "text": "in 83,333, according to an NRC study published in August 2010. After heavy rains in late April, 2011, workers were pumping standing water that had collected in the abandoned, never-completed Unit 2 turbine building into the Mississippi River. Detectors sounded alarms at the presence of tritium in the water, and the pumping was stopped, and the accidental release was reported to the Mississippi Health Department and to the NRC. As of the dates of the news reports, it was unknown both how much tritium had entered the river, and how the tritium had collected in the standing water, given that", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5007632", "score": "0.9100271", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Oil well control", "text": "dissolved solids like in Gulf Coast waters, or 10.516 kPa/m. The density of formation water in saline or marine environments, such as along the Gulf Coast, is about 9.0 ppg or 1078.43 kg/m³. Since this is the highest for both Gulf Coast water and fresh water, a normally pressured formation can be controlled with a 9.0 ppg mud. Sometimes the weight of the overburden, which refers to the rocks and fluids above the formation, will tend to compact the formation, resulting in pressure built-up within the formation if the fluids are trapped in place. The formation in this case will", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15508922", "score": "0.9070214", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Gulf Coast of the United States", "text": "can bring 4 to 10 or more inches of rain in a single day. In August 2017, Hurricane Harvey made landfall along the central Texas coast, then migrated to and stalled over the greater Houston area for several days, producing extreme, unprecedented rainfall totals of over 40 inches (1,000 mm) in many areas, unleashing widespread flooding. Earthquakes are extremely rare to the area, but a surprising 6.0 earthquake in the Gulf of Mexico on September 10, 2006, could be felt from the cities of New Orleans to Tampa. The Gulf Coast is a major center of economic activity. The marshlands", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "151323", "score": "0.9052553", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Mississippi River Watershed Conservation Programs", "text": "the aquatic life in the Gulf of Mexico, and it can make fish and other aquatic life sick.The depleted oxygen levels kill the aquatic life in the Gulf of Mexico, and it can make fish and other aquatic life sick. Humans can be affected if they drink water or consume fish and other aquatic life that have been contaminated with bacteria or other toxic substances from the algae blooms. Shellfish contamination from the algae occurs easily, and it can be very dangerous for human consumption and cause stomach issues and rashes. Millions of people throughout the United States have a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13953497", "score": "0.9044951", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Gulf of Mexico", "text": "avoid environmental problems. Although initial reports indicated that relatively little oil had leaked, by April 24, it was claimed by BP that approximately of oil per day were issuing from the wellhead, about below the surface on the ocean floor. On April 29, the U.S. government revealed that approximately per day, five times the original estimate, were pouring into the Gulf from the wellhead. The resulting oil slick quickly expanded to cover hundreds of square miles of ocean surface, posing a serious threat to marine life and adjacent coastal wetlands, and to the livelihoods of Gulf Coast shrimpers and fishermen.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12909194", "score": "0.9032948", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Taylor oil spill", "text": "Energy site. The resulting oil sheen was estimated in 2015 to cover . As of 2014, the sheen was approximately wide and long, with an average of wide and long. Estimates by the environmental non-profit group Skytruth, indicated that the spill may have emptied up to of oil as of 2015, making it the 8th largest spill in the Gulf of Mexico since 1970. Taylor Energy originally estimated the volume of the spill was in decline, and was set to dwindle to around 12 gallons per day, but following an examination of 2,300 pollution reports by the Associated Press, the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20939368", "score": "0.9006419", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Gulf of Mexico", "text": "is connected to part of the Atlantic Ocean through the Florida Straits between the U.S. and Cuba, and with the Caribbean (with which it forms the American Mediterranean Sea) via the Yucatán Channel between Mexico and Cuba. With the narrow connection to the Atlantic, the Gulf experiences very small tidal ranges. The size of the Gulf basin is approximately 1.6 million km (615,000 sq mi). Almost half of the basin is shallow continental shelf waters. The basin contains a volume of roughly 2,500 quadrillion liters (550 quadrillion Imperial gallons, 660 quadrillion US gallons, 2.5 million km or 600,000 cu mi).", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Desalination by country", "text": "United States to use the RO process on a large scale with an initial operating capacity of 3 million gallons per day. By 1985, due to the rapid growth in population of Cape Coral, the city had the largest low pressure reverse osmosis plant in the world, capable of producing 15 MGD. As of 2012, South Florida has 33 brackish and two seawater desalination plants operating with seven brackish water plants under construction. The brackish and seawater desalination plants have the capacity to produce 245 million gallons of potable water per day. Desalination by country Estimates vary widely between 15,000–20,000", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19563846", "score": "0.8998643", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Taylor oil spill", "text": "be around 20 times greater than initially reported. Upper estimates of the spill have been calculated to be as much as of oil lost over the life of the disaster, affecting an area as large as . As of 2018 it was estimated that 300 to 700 barrels of oil per day are being spilled, making it one of the worst modern oil spills in the Gulf of Mexico by volume. The reserves are likely sufficient for the spill to continue for up to 100 years if not contained. Taylor Energy has spent as much as $435 million or more", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20939363", "score": "0.88414913", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Gulf of Mexico", "text": "An October 2007 study of the Atlantic croaker found a disproportioned sex ratio of 61% males to 39% females in hypoxic Gulf sites. This was compared with a 52% to 48% male-female ratio found in reference sites, showing an impairment of reproductive output for fish populations inhabiting hypoxic coastal zones. Microplastics within semi-enclosed seas like the Gulf have been reported in high concentrations and the Gulf's first such study estimated concentrations that rival the highest globally reported. There are 27,000 abandoned oil and gas wells beneath the Gulf. These have generally not been checked for potential environmental problems. In June", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12909192", "score": "0.87874913", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Gulf of Mexico", "text": "BP reached an $18.7bn settlement with the US government, the states of Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas, as well as 400 local authorities. To date BP's cost for the clean-up, environmental and economic damages and penalties has reached $54bn. According to the National Response Center, the oil industry has thousands of minor accidents in the Gulf of Mexico every year. On May 12, 2016, a release of oil from subsea infrastructure on Shell's \"Brutus\" oil rig released 2,100 barrels of oil. This leak created a visible 2 mile by 13 mile oil slick in the sea about 97 miles", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12909196", "score": "0.8747948", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies", "text": "spill that released more than 4.9 million barrels of oil into the Gulf of Mexico between April 20, and July 15, 2010, created a unique opportunity to address many of the long-term issues fundamental to the Gulf’s future sustainability. HRI scientists have and continue to provide leadership in assessing the long-term impacts of the largest accidental marine oil spill in the history of the petroleum industry and are fostering the Gulf’s recovery by helping guide restoration to assure that conservation efforts are effective and long lasting. HRI has already influenced the allocation of billions of dollars toward Gulf restoration and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11297564", "score": "0.86919713", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Jack 2", "text": "(50%), Devon Energy (25%), and StatoilHydro (25%). Most oil in the Gulf of Mexico is found on a continental shelf in less than 1,700 feet (520 m) of water. Oil was known to exist in the deeper waters of the Gulf between 5,000 and 10,000 feet (3,000 m), but it had yet to be proven that enough could be extracted to make the venture economically successful. The Jack 2 well is 175 miles (282 km) offshore in more than 7,000 feet (2,100 m) of water. The oil was extracted after drilling through more than 20,000 feet (6,100 m) of rock", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8694654", "score": "0.8691914", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Offshore oil and gas in the Gulf of Mexico (United States)", "text": "from hydrates has not been produced from the Gulf of Mexico. Offshore oil and gas in the Gulf of Mexico (United States) Offshore oil and gas in the Gulf of Mexico is a major source of oil and natural gas in the United States. The western and central Gulf of Mexico, which includes offshore Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama, is one of the major petroleum-producing areas of the United States. Oil production from US federal waters in the Gulf of Mexico reached an all-time annual high of 1.65 million barrels per day in 2017. Oil production is expected to continue", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14060900", "score": "0.86612314", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Volume and extent of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill", "text": "below the surface. However, many scientists dispute the report's methodology and figures. Scientists said much oil was still underwater and could not be detected. According to the NOAA report released on 4 August 2010, about half of the oil leaked into the Gulf remains on or below the Gulf's surface. Some scientists are calling the NOAA estimates \"ludicrous.\" According to USF chemical oceanographer David Hollander, while 25% of the oil can be accounted for by burning, skimming, etc., 75% is still unaccounted for. The federal calculations are based on direct measurements for only of the oil spilled – the oil", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17092488", "score": "0.8651651", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Hurricane Rita", "text": "Rita's intensity very problematic. Currently, very little spare crude oil capacity exists in the United States, and the Gulf of Mexico produces some per day total, as well as having some 30% of the total refining capacity of the United States. Rita's path traveled through a dense area of offshore pipelines and oil platforms, and on land to an area with large refineries. With over half of Gulf production still shut down in the wake of Katrina, some economists have stated that a worst-case scenario is for gasoline prices to briefly touch $5/US gallon ($1.30/L), which would be easily the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6050209", "score": "0.8632555", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Deepwater Horizon oil spill", "text": "figure, saying that the government overestimated the volume. Internal emails released in 2013 showed that one BP employee had estimates that matched those of the FRTG, and shared the data with supervisors, but BP continued with their lower number. The company argued that government figures do not reflect over of oil that was collected or burned before it could enter the Gulf waters. According to the satellite images, the spill directly affected of ocean, which is comparable to the size of Oklahoma. By early June 2010, oil had washed up on of Louisiana's coast and along the Mississippi, Florida, and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14488716", "score": "0.8607017", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Reverse osmosis", "text": "membrane is now made by this method. By the end of 2001, about 15,200 desalination plants were in operation or in the planning stages, worldwide. In 1977 Cape Coral, Florida became the first municipality in the United States to use the RO process on a large scale with an initial operating capacity of 11.35 million liters (3 million US gal) per day. By 1985, due to the rapid growth in population of Cape Coral, the city had the largest low pressure reverse osmosis plant in the world, capable of producing 56.8 million liters (15 million US gal) per day (MGD).", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12247310", "score": "0.8504021", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Corexit", "text": "15,000 gallons per day. After May 26 daily average use decreased 9%, an average of slightly more than 23,000 gallons per day. On July 15, 2010, BP announced that it had capped the leaking well, and the application of dispersants by the response effort ceased shortly thereafter. The total used in the event was 1.84 million gallons of Corexit EC9500A and Corexit EC9527A, with roughly 58% sprayed from the air. At the beginning of the Gulf spill, the proprietary composition was not public, but the manufacturer's own safety data sheet identified the main components as 2-butoxyethanol and a proprietary organic", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14568639", "score": "0.84912765", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Offshore oil and gas in the Gulf of Mexico (United States)", "text": "Offshore oil and gas in the Gulf of Mexico (United States) Offshore oil and gas in the Gulf of Mexico is a major source of oil and natural gas in the United States. The western and central Gulf of Mexico, which includes offshore Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama, is one of the major petroleum-producing areas of the United States. Oil production from US federal waters in the Gulf of Mexico reached an all-time annual high of 1.65 million barrels per day in 2017. Oil production is expected to continue the upward trend in 2018 and 2019, based on ten new", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14060887", "score": "0.8479555", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "NOAAS Okeanos Explorer Gulf of Mexico 2017 Expedition", "text": "deep-water areas in important, yet largely unknown, U.S. waters. 17 ROV dives were conducted from 300 to 2,321 meters of depth to explore the diversity and distribution of deep-sea habitats and associated marine communities in the Gulf of Mexico basin. There were also four midwater exploration dives conducted at depths of 300 to 900 meters to investigate the diversity and abundance of the largely unknown pelagic fauna. During these dives hundreds of different species of animals were observed including several potential new species. Several significant range extensions were observed and several organisms were seen alive for the first time. 105", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20779238", "score": "0.8470142", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Great Lakes", "text": "been set in 1964. By April 2015 the water level had recovered to 7 inches (17.5 cm) more than the \"long term monthly average\". The Great Lakes contain 21% of the world's surface fresh water: , or 6.0×10 U.S. gallons, that is 6 quadrillion U.S gallons, (2.3×10 liters). This is enough water to cover the 48 contiguous U.S. states to a uniform depth of . Although the lakes contain a large percentage of the world's fresh water, the Great Lakes supply only a small portion of U.S. drinking water on a national basis. The total surface area of the lakes", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "151974", "score": "0.84282035", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Water metering", "text": "is 10 gallons, the sweep hand is on 7, and the wheel display shows 123456 plus a fixed zero, the actual total usage would be 1,234,567 gallons. In the United States most utilities bill only to the nearest 100 or 1,000 gallons (10 to 100 ft., 1 to 10 m), and often only read the leftmost 4 or 5 numbers on the display wheels. Using the above example, they would read and bill 1,234, rounding to 1,234,000 gallons based on a 1,000 gallon billing resolution. The most common rounding for a particular size meter is often indicated by differently coloured", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10513757", "score": "0.8418897", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Transocean", "text": "11 workers and critically injured seven of the 126-member crew. \"Deepwater Horizon\" was completely destroyed and subsequently sank. As the \"Deepwater Horizon\" sank, the riser pipe that connected the well-head to the rig was severed. As a result, oil began to spill into the Gulf of Mexico. Estimates of the leak were about 80,000 barrels per day – for 87 days. Louisiana Governor Bobby Jindal declared a state of emergency on 29 April, as the oil slick grew and headed toward the most important and most sensitive wetlands in North America, threatening to destroy wildlife and the livelihood of thousands", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4585491", "score": "0.84096515", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Blowout (well drilling)", "text": "The Deepwater Horizon well blowout in the Gulf of Mexico in April 2010 occurred at a water depth. Current blowout response capabilities in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico meet capture and process rates of 130,000 barrels of fluid per day and a gas handling capacity of 220 million cubic feet per day at depths through 10,000 feet. An underground blowout is a special situation where fluids from high pressure zones flow uncontrolled to lower pressure zones within the wellbore. Usually this is from deeper higher pressure zones to shallower lower pressure formations. There may be no escaping fluid flow at", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7799503", "score": "0.8407817", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Gulf of Mexico", "text": "Island. The Gulf contains a hypoxic dead zone that runs by east-west along the Texas-Louisiana coastline. In July 2008, researchers reported that between 1985 and 2008, the area roughly doubled in size and now stretches from near Galveston, Texas, to near Venice, Louisiana. It is now about , nearly the record. Poor agricultural practices in the northern portion of the Gulf of Mexico have led to a tremendous increase of nitrogen and phosphorus in neighboring marine ecosystems, which has resulted in algae blooms and a lack of available oxygen. Occurrences of masculinization and estrogen suppression were observed as a result.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12909191", "score": "0.84006387", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Offshore oil and gas in the Gulf of Mexico (United States)", "text": "water in 1962; and in a thousand feet of water in 1979. \"By 1970, the technology existed to drill in 2,000 feet of water and actual exploratory drilling was taking place at 1,400 feet.\" By 2009, more than 70% of Gulf of Mexico oil production came from wells drilled in depths greater than , almost double from the percentage ten years ago. The deepest water depth in which a discovery has been made is , at Lloyd Ridge 370 (Diamond). The federal government has not allowed drilling in federal waters in the eastern Gulf of Mexico, which includes offshore Florida", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14060890", "score": "0.8392832", "original_retrieval_index": 29 } ]

[ "Vasoepididymostomy" ]

[ { "title": "Vas deferens", "text": "opening in the body wall. Vas deferens The vas deferens (Latin: \"carrying-away vessel\"; plural: vasa deferentia), also called ductus deferens (Latin: \"carrying-away duct\"; plural: ductus deferentes), is part of the male reproductive system of many vertebrates; these ducts transport sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts in anticipation of ejaculation. It is a partially coiled tube which exits the abdominal cavity through the inguinal canal. There are two ducts, connecting the left and right epididymis with the seminal vesicles to form the ejaculatory duct in order to move sperm. In humans, each tube is about long, 3 to 5", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2448436", "score": "1.122652", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Vas deferens", "text": "Vas deferens The vas deferens (Latin: \"carrying-away vessel\"; plural: vasa deferentia), also called ductus deferens (Latin: \"carrying-away duct\"; plural: ductus deferentes), is part of the male reproductive system of many vertebrates; these ducts transport sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts in anticipation of ejaculation. It is a partially coiled tube which exits the abdominal cavity through the inguinal canal. There are two ducts, connecting the left and right epididymis with the seminal vesicles to form the ejaculatory duct in order to move sperm. In humans, each tube is about long, 3 to 5 mm in diameter and is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2448430", "score": "1.10703", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Epididymis", "text": "Epididymis The epididymis (; plural: epididymides or ) is a tube that connects a testicle to a vas deferens in the male reproductive system. It is present in all male reptiles, birds, and mammals. It is a single, narrow, tightly-coiled tube in adult humans, in length connecting the efferent ducts from the rear of each testicle to its vas deferens. The epididymis can be divided into three main regions: In reptiles, there is an additional canal between the testis and the head of the epididymis and which receives the various efferent ducts. This is, however, absent in all birds and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2448401", "score": "1.1067383", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Epididymis", "text": "epididymitis. Epididymectomy is the surgical removal of the epididymis sometimes performed for post-vasectomy pain syndrome and for refractory cases of epididymitis. Epididymis The epididymis (; plural: epididymides or ) is a tube that connects a testicle to a vas deferens in the male reproductive system. It is present in all male reptiles, birds, and mammals. It is a single, narrow, tightly-coiled tube in adult humans, in length connecting the efferent ducts from the rear of each testicle to its vas deferens. The epididymis can be divided into three main regions: In reptiles, there is an additional canal between the testis", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2448407", "score": "1.087869", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Vas deferens", "text": "muscular (surrounded by smooth muscle). Its epithelium is pseudostratified columnar epithelium lined by stereocilia. They are part of the spermatic cords. The vas deferens is supplied by an accompanying artery (artery of vas deferens). This artery normally arises from the superior (sometimes inferior) vesical artery, a branch of the internal iliac artery. During ejaculation, the smooth muscle in the walls of the vas deferens contracts reflexively, thus propelling the sperm forward. This is also known as peristalsis. The sperm is transferred from the vas deferens into the urethra, collecting secretions from the male accessory sex glands such as the seminal", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2448431", "score": "1.0645947", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Epididymis", "text": "sperm motility until ejaculation. During ejaculation, sperm flow from the \"cauda epididymis\" (which functions as a storage reservoir) into the vas deferens where they are propelled by the peristaltic action of muscle layers in the wall of the vas deferens, and are mixed with the diluting fluids of the prostate, seminal vesicles, and other accessory glands prior to ejaculation (forming semen). An inflammation of the epididymis is called epididymitis. It is much more common than testicular inflammation, termed orchitis. Epididymotomy is the placing of an incision into the epididymis and is sometimes considered as a treatment option for acute suppurating", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2448406", "score": "1.0499277", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Vas deferens", "text": "of the seminal fluid. The final portion of the duct also receives ducts from the kidneys in most species. In amniotes, however, the archinephric duct has become a true vas deferens, and is used only for conducting sperm, never urine. As in cartilaginous fish, the upper part of the duct forms the epididymis. In many species, the vas deferens ends in a small sac for storing sperm. The only vertebrates to lack any structure resembling a vas deferens are the primitive jawless fishes, which release sperm directly into the body cavity, and then into the surrounding water through a simple", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2448435", "score": "1.0363274", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Male reproductive system", "text": "tubes cupped against the testicles, acts as a maturation and storage for sperm before they pass into the vas deferens, that carry sperm to the ampullary gland and prostatic ducts. The vas deferens, also known as the sperm duct, is a thin tube approximately long that starts from the epididymis to the pelvic cavity. It carries the spermatozoa from the epididymis to ejaculatory duct. Three accessory glands provide fluids that lubricate the duct system and nourish the sperm cells. They are the seminal vesicles, the prostate gland, and the bulbourethral glands (Cowper glands). The embryonic and prenatal development of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5035057", "score": "1.0174339", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Human sexuality", "text": "drawn closer to the body. Sperm are transported through a four-part duct system. The first part of this system is the epididymis. The testicles converge to form the seminiferous tubules, coiled tubes at the top and back of each testicle. The second part of the duct system is the vas deferens, a muscular tube that begins at the lower end of the epididymis. The vas deferens passes upward along the side of the testicles to become part of the spermatic cord. The expanded end is the ampulla, which stores sperm before ejaculation. The third part of the duct system is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11426831", "score": "1.012461", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Vasoepididymostomy", "text": "Vasoepididymostomy is often considered one of the most technically challenging operations in the field of urology. The procedure requires anastomosis of a single epididymal tubule (luminal diameter .15-.25 mm) to the lumen of the vas deferens (diameter .3-.4 mm), and is reserved for patients with congenital or acquired epididymal obstruction, or patients who have failed previous attempts at surgical reconstruction of the vas deferens. This surgery attaches the vas deferens directly to the epididymis, the coiled tube on the back of each testicle where sperm matures. A vasectomy can cause blockages or a break in the vas deferens or the", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Insect", "text": "The follicles connect to the vas deferens by the vas efferens, and the two tubular vasa deferentia connect to a median ejaculatory duct that leads to the outside. A portion of the vas deferens is often enlarged to form the seminal vesicle, which stores the sperm before they are discharged into the female. The seminal vesicles have glandular linings that secrete nutrients for nourishment and maintenance of the sperm. The ejaculatory duct is derived from an invagination of the epidermal cells during development and, as a result, has a cuticular lining. The terminal portion of the ejaculatory duct may be", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13505119", "score": "1.003053", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Epididymis", "text": "immobile sperm from the seminiferous tubules to the epididymis. Spermatozoa do not reach full motility until they reach the vagina, where the alkaline pH is neutralized by acidic vaginal fluids. In the embryo, the epididymis develops from tissue that once formed the mesonephros, a primitive kidney found in many aquatic vertebrates. Persistence of the cranial end of the mesonephric duct will leave behind a remnant called the \"appendix of the epididymis\". In addition, some mesonephric tubules can persist as the \"paradidymis\", a small body caudal to the efferent ductules. A Gartner's duct is a homologous remnant in the female. Spermatozoa", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2448404", "score": "0.99040186", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Persistent Müllerian duct syndrome", "text": "differentiate into epididymides, vasa deferentia and seminal vesicles under the influence of testosterone, produced by the fetal Leydig cells The main form of treatment is laparotomy, a modern and minimally invasive type of surgery. Laparotomy properly positions the testes within the scrotum (orchidopexy) and remove Mullerian structures being the uterus and fallopian tubes. Occasionally they are unsalvageable if located high in the retroperitoneum. During this surgery, the uterus is usually removed and attempts made to dissect away Müllerian tissue from the vas deferens and epididymis to improve the chance of fertility. If the person has male gender identity himself and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3748818", "score": "0.98277354", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Ductuli aberrantes", "text": "the head of the epididymis; it is connected with the rete testis. Ductuli aberrantes Ductuli aberrantes are two long narrow tubes, the ductulus aberrans inferior and the ductulus aberrans superior. The ductulus aberrant inferior (vas aberrans of Haller), is occasionally found connected with the lower part of the canal of the epididymis, or with the commencement of the vas deferens. Its length varies from 3.5 to 35 cm. , and it may become dilated toward its extremity; more commonly it retains the same diameter throughout. Its structure is similar to that of the ductus deferens. Occasionally it is found unconnected", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9165982", "score": "0.9713832", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Vas deferens", "text": "It has been used: Most vertebrates have some form of duct to transfer the sperm from the testes to the urethra. In cartilaginous fish and amphibians, sperm is carried through the archinephric duct, which also partially helps to transport urine from the kidneys. In teleosts, there is a distinct sperm duct, separate from the ureters, and often called the vas deferens, although probably not truly homologous with that in humans. In cartilaginous fishes, the part of the archinephric duct closest to the testis is coiled up to form an epididymis. Below this are a number of small glands secreting components", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2448434", "score": "0.9712404", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Anostoma depressum", "text": "the vas deferens. In \"Anostoma depressum\" the external reproductive pore, located on the right side of the head, leads into a small atrium with which the penis, hermaphroditic duct, and seminal receptacle attach. The first named is a heavy, muscular organ, accompanied by the usual slender vas deferens, their union being effected at some distance from the distal end of the penis, which thus forms a flagellum. The penis and flagellum are both sharply defined and appear to be without muscular attachments, though bound to the body wall by delicate connective tissue strands. In the neighborhood of the outer opening,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13045356", "score": "0.969563", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Hirudo orientalis", "text": "fusiform, well developed, and not larger than epididymes the dorsocefalic faces of which they circle. Vas deferens is thin ducts running from epididymis posteriorly. Testisacs is ovoid, approximately 1.5 times the size of ovisacs and located posterior to ganglion in segment XIII. Female reproductive system: Vagina has an upright, long, evenly curved tube entering directly into ventral body wall posterior to ganglion in XII. Common oviduct enters the vagina subterminally at a small vaginal caecum. Ovisacs are globular, small. Common oviduct has a thin duct forming several loops and covered with a thick layer of glandular tissue bound to the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18934030", "score": "0.9687778", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Insect reproductive system", "text": "outside. A portion of the vas deferens is often enlarged to form the seminal vesicle, which stores the sperm before they are discharged into the female. The seminal vesicles have glandular linings that secrete nutrients for nourishment and maintenance of the sperm. The ejaculatory duct is derived from an invagination of the epidermal cells during development and, as a result, has a cuticular lining. The terminal portion of the ejaculatory duct may be sclerotized to form the intromittent organ, the aedeagus. The remainder of the male reproductive system is derived from embryonic mesoderm, except for the germ cells, or spermatogonia,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17493885", "score": "0.9673054", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Development of the reproductive system", "text": "pronephric duct. This continues to grow caudally until it opens into the ventral part of the cloaca; beyond the pronephros it is termed the mesonephric duct. Thus, the mesonephric duct remains after the atrophy of the pronephros duct. In the male the duct persists, and forms the tube of the epididymis, the vas deferens and the ejaculatory duct, while the seminal vesicle arises during the third month as a lateral diverticulum from its hinder end. A large part of the head end of the mesonephros atrophies and disappears; of the remainder the anterior tubules form the efferent ducts of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10714156", "score": "0.9624747", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Evidence of common descent", "text": "vas deferens is part of the male anatomy of many vertebrates; it transports sperm from the epididymis in anticipation of ejaculation. In humans, the vas deferens routes up from the testicle, looping over the ureter, and back down to the urethra and penis. It has been suggested that this is due to the descent of the testicles during the course of human evolution—likely associated with temperature. As the testicles descended, the vas deferens lengthened to accommodate the accidental \"hook\" over the ureter. When organisms die, they often decompose rapidly or are consumed by scavengers, leaving no permanent evidences of their", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5671266", "score": "0.9587586", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Tandonia", "text": "long. The retractor penis inserts at the boundary between the penis and epiphallus. The vas deferens of specific length opens into the posterior end of the epiphallus. The vaginal accessory glands (usually more than one) are of specific shapes, and are connected by ducts to the vagina or to the point where the vagina enters the atrium. The atrium is small and tubular, with no stimulator inside. Spermatheca are of specific size, the spermathecal duct can be longer or shorter than the spermatheca. Within the genus \"Tandonia\" there are the following 29 species: This article incorporates public domain text from", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10714573", "score": "0.9544356", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Tunica vaginalis", "text": "a visceral and a parietal lamina. The visceral lamina (lamina visceralis) covers the greater part of the testis and epididymis, connecting the latter to the testis by means of a distinct fold. From the posterior border of the gland it is reflected on to the internal surface of the scrotum. The parietal lamina (lamina parietalis) is far more extensive than the visceral, extending upward for some distance in front and on the medial side of the cord, and reaching below the testis. The inner surface of the tunica vaginalis is smooth, and covered by a layer of simple squamous mesothelial", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7595490", "score": "0.9523932", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Human penis", "text": "up the vas deferens, two ducts that pass over and behind the bladder. Fluids are added by the seminal vesicles and the vas deferens turns into the ejaculatory ducts, which join the urethra inside the prostate gland. The prostate as well as the bulbourethral glands add further secretions, and the semen is expelled through the penis. The raphe is the visible ridge between the lateral halves of the penis, found on the ventral or underside of the penis, running from the meatus (opening of the urethra) across the scrotum to the perineum (area between scrotum and anus). The human penis", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10532819", "score": "0.94519377", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Mesonephros", "text": "the similarity in structure, function, and terminology, however, the mesonephric nephrons do not form any part of the mature kidney or nephrons. As the more caudal nephrons form, the more cranial nephrons are already degenerating. In females the mesonephros degenerates entirely, though vestigial structures such as Gartner's ducts, the epoophoron, and paroophoron are common. In males, a few of the more caudal tubules will survive and give rise to the efferent ductules of the testis, the epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicle, as well as vestigial structures such as the appendix testis, appendix epididymis, and paradidymis. The mesonephros persists and forms", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6484380", "score": "0.94213843", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Development of the reproductive system", "text": "testicle; while the posterior tubules are represented by the ductuli aberrantes, and by the paradidymis, which is sometimes found in front of the spermatic cord above the head of the epididymis. In the female the mesonephric bodies and ducts atrophy. The nonfunctional remains of the mesonephric tubules are represented by the epoophoron, and the paroöphoron, two small collections of rudimentary blind tubules which are situated in the mesosalpinx. The lower part of the mesonephric duct disappears, while the upper part persists as the longitudinal duct of the epoöphoron, called Gartner's duct. There are also developments of other tissues from the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10714157", "score": "0.9406804", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Male reproductive system", "text": "extends to the labial sacral fold of the same side at the same time, a portion of the embryonic mesonephric duct adjacent to the testis becomes attached and convoluted informs the epididymis. Another portion of the mesonephretic duct becomes the ductus deferens. The seminal vesicles form from lateral outgrowths of the caudal and of each mesonephretic duct the prostate gland arises from an Indo dermal outgrowth of the urogenital sinus the bulbourethral glands develop from outgrowths in the membrane-like portion of the urethra. The descent of the testes to its final location at the anterior abdominal wall, followed by the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5035062", "score": "0.93627936", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Vasectomy reversal", "text": "to the epididymis in front of the second blockage, to bypass both blockages and allow the sperm to reenter the urethra in the ejaculate. Since the epididymal tubule is much smaller (0.3 mm diameter) than the vas deferens (3 mm diameter, 10-fold larger), epididymal surgery is far more complicated and precise than the simple vas deferens-to-vas deferens connection. Vasectomy is a common method of contraception worldwide, with an estimated 40-60 million individuals having the procedure and 5-10% of couples choosing it as a birth control method. In the USA, about 5% of men later go on to have a vasectomy", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13228682", "score": "0.93534666", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Ejaculatory duct obstruction", "text": "since the efflux of the seminal vesicles is not hindered. This is because approx. 80% of the volume of the semen is the gel-like fluid originating from the seminal vesicles whereas the fraction from the testicles / epididymis, which contains the spermatozoa accounts for only 5–10% of the volume of the semen. In addition, if an obstruction of the vasa deferentia is the cause for the azoospermia, the concentration of fructose in the semen will also be normal, since the fructose comes primarily from the fluid stored in the seminal vesicles. If the seminal-vesicles contain spermatozoa, but the semen does", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14388750", "score": "0.93293893", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Strigamia maritima", "text": "efferentia, one leaving from each end of each testis; they fuse to form a much-coiled vas deferens, in which the sperm are stored. The vas deferens divides two thirds of the way along its length to pass round the gut, and fuses again before opening ventrally on a sub-terminal penis. Two pairs of tubular accessory glands lie alongside the gut and open posteriorly into the genital atrium. In maturus males there is a gradual buildup of sperm in the vas deferens beginning in August, when small groups of sperm appear at intervals along its length. The sperm are about 2", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20467196", "score": "0.9320068", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Perineum", "text": "can be reduced by preparing the perineum, often through massage. The word perineum derives from late Latin, from Greek περίνεος \"perineos\" \"perinaeon\", \"peri-\", around + \"inein\" to discharge or defecate. The perineum is generally defined as the surface region in both males and females between the pubic symphysis and the coccyx. The perineum is below the pelvic diaphragm and between the legs. It is a diamond-shaped area that includes the anus and, in females, the vagina. Its definition varies: it can refer to only the superficial structures in this region, or it can be used to include both superficial and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "864843", "score": "0.9314699", "original_retrieval_index": 32 } ]

[ "Jacques Cousteau", "engineer Émile Gagnan", "Émile Gagnan" ]

[ { "title": "Aqua-Lung", "text": "order to mass-produce and sell their invention, this time under a new 1945 patent, and known as CG45 (\"C\" for Cousteau, \"G\" for Gagnan and \"45\" for 1945). This same CG45 regulator, produced for more than ten years and commercialized in France as of 1946, was the first to actually be called the \"Aqua-Lung\". In France, the terms \"scaphandre autonome\" (\"scuba set\"), \"scaphandre Cousteau-Gagnan\" (\"Cousteau-Gagnan scuba set\"), or CG45 were meaningful enough for commercialization, but to sell his invention in English-speaking countries, Cousteau needed an appealing name following English language standards. He then coined the trade name \"Aqua-Lung\". In the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "854559", "score": "1.3137245", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Aqua-Lung", "text": "term was in use before the trademark was registered by René Bussoz, who owned a sporting goods store called René Sports in Los Angeles. He obtained a contract with the French firm Air Liquide, the parent company of Aqua Lung/La Spirotechnique, to import the new scuba equipment into the United States for sale on the Pacific coast (SPACO had the contract for the Atlantic coast). Bussoz changed the name of his company to U.S. Divers and registered the name Aqua-Lung. This turned out to be a wise move, because when the French company decided not to renew his five year", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "854568", "score": "1.2858666", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Aqua Lung America", "text": "the company known as La Spirotechnique (now Aqua Lung International) was established by both men together with Jean Delorme, CEO of Air Liquide, as a division of Air Liquide to sell the Aqua-Lung regulators. In the United States, the Aqua-Lung regulator was first sold in the late 1940s by René Sporting Goods, a sporting goods store in Los Angeles, California owned by René Bussoz. He soon obtained a contract with La Spirotechnique to import Aqua-Lung equipment into the United States for sale on the Pacific coast (Spaco, Inc. had the contract for the Atlantic coast). In 1952, Bussoz changed the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10736927", "score": "1.2831643", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "History of underwater diving", "text": "Spirotechnique and U.S. Divers to finally become the name of the company, Aqua-Lung/La Spirotechnique, currently located in Carros, near Nice. In 1948 the Cousteau-Gagnan patent was also licensed to Siebe Gorman of England, when Siebe Gorman was directed by Robert Henry Davis. Siebe Gorman was allowed to sell in Commonwealth countries, but had difficulty in meeting the demand and the U.S. patent prevented others from making the product. This demand was eventually met by Ted Eldred of Melbourne, Australia, who had been developing a rebreather called the Porpoise. When a demonstration resulted in a diver passing out, he began to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19766920", "score": "1.2645099", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Scuba diving", "text": "successful and safe open-circuit scuba, known as the Aqua-Lung. Their system combined an improved demand regulator with high-pressure air tanks. This was patented in 1945. To sell his regulator in English-speaking countries Cousteau registered the Aqua-Lung trademark, which was first licensed to the U.S. Divers company, and in 1948 to Siebe Gorman of England. Siebe Gorman was allowed to sell in Commonwealth countries, but had difficulty in meeting the demand and the U.S. patent prevented others from making the product. The patent was circumvented by Ted Eldred of Melbourne, Australia, who developed the single-hose open-circuit scuba system, which separates the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4254843", "score": "1.2642376", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Aqua Lung/La Spirotechnique", "text": "own international branches around the world, like Aqua Lung America. Aqua Lung/La Spirotechnique La Spirotechnique (now Aqua Lung International) is a large and well-known firm which makes scuba and other self-contained breathing apparatus, and other diving equipment. It produced the Aqua-Lung line of regulators, like the CG45 (1945) and the Mistral (1955), among others. Until 2016, the company was a division of Air Liquide since its foundation in 1946. The company was sold to Montagu Private Equity in 2016. In December 1942 the \"lieutenant de vaisseau\" (ship-of-the-Line Lieutenant) Jacques-Yves Cousteau met in Paris for the first time the engineer Émile", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12757237", "score": "1.2503995", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Scuba set", "text": "regulator with high-pressure air tanks. This was patented in 1945. To sell his regulator in English-speaking countries Cousteau registered the Aqua-Lung trademark, which was first licensed to the U.S. Divers company, and in 1948 to Siebe Gorman of England, Siebe Gorman was allowed to sell in Commonwealth countries, but had difficulty in meeting the demand and the U.S. patent prevented others from making the product. The patent was circumvented by Ted Eldred of Melbourne, Australia, who developed the single-hose open-circuit scuba system, which separates the first stage and demand valve of the pressure regulator by a low-pressure hose, puts the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "387471", "score": "1.2447387", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Aqua-Lung", "text": "contract, no one had even heard of their product, but everyone was familiar with the names he had registered. Bussoz sold the company and the trade names for a handsome profit, returning to France. The name US Divers sounded very official and very American, but it was owned by a Frenchman and sold to a French company. Air Liquide held the patent on the original \"Aqualung\" (also written as \"Aqua-Lung\" or \"Aqua Lung\") until the patent expired sometime around 1960 to 1963. The term \"Aqualung\", as far as is known, first appeared in print on page 3 of Jacques-Yves Cousteau's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "854569", "score": "1.2438748", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Aqua Lung/La Spirotechnique", "text": "In 1955 La Spirotechnique launched its first single hose regulator. Conceived by Jean Bronnec and Raymond Gauthier this regulator was the Cristal, called the Aquamatic for English-speaking countries. The first American branch of La Spirotechnique was U.S. Divers Company, which first sold aqualungs (CG45, Mistral), Aquamatic (Cristal) and other La Spirotechnique regulators in the United States. At some point La Spirotechnique used the word Aqua Lung to change its name, or to use it as an alternate name. Nowadays U.S. Divers Company is known as Aqua Lung America. Aqua Lung/La Spirotechnique sits nowadays in Carros, near Nice and owns its", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12757236", "score": "1.2213646", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Aqua-lung", "text": "Aqua-Lung was the original English name of the first open-circuit, self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (or \"SCUBA\") to reach worldwide popularity and commercial success. This class of equipment is now commonly referred to as a diving regulator or demand valve. The Aqua-Lung was invented in Paris during the winter of 1942–1943 by two Frenchmen: the engineer Émile Gagnan and Naval Lieutenant (\"lieutenant de vaisseau\") Jacques Cousteau. It allowed Cousteau and Gagnan to film and explore more easily underwater.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Aqua Lung America", "text": "name of his company to \"U.S. Divers Company\" and registered the Aqua-Lung trademark in the United States. In 1957, Bussoz sold the company and the trade names to La Spirotechnique. Around 2003, U.S. Divers Company was renamed Aqua Lung America after La Spirotechnique changed its name to Aqua Lung International. The U.S. Divers name is maintained as a trademark for Aqua Lung's line of snorkelling equipment. Aqua Lung America Aqua Lung America (formerly U.S. Divers Company) is an American company based in Vista, California which makes scuba equipment. The company is a division of Aqua Lung International, which was, for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10736928", "score": "1.2187577", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Aqua-Lung", "text": "late 1940s and early 1950s, La Spirotechnique started exporting the Aqua-Lung and leasing its patent to foreign companies (like the British Siebe Gorman). These operations found great success. The Rouquayrol-Denayrouze apparatus didn't achieve as much success because the compressed-air tanks made with the technology of the time could only hold 30 atmospheres, which allowed dives of only 30 minutes at no more than ten meters deep. Before 1945, French divers preferred their then traditional diving helmets and diving dresses. When the Aqua-Lung became available for commercial use, divers around the world found a scuba device smaller and easier to carry", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "854560", "score": "1.2184299", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "History of scuba diving", "text": "to finally become the name of the company, Aqua-Lung/La Spirotechnique, currently located in Carros, near Nice. In 1948 the Cousteau-Gagnan patent was also licensed to Siebe Gorman of England, Siebe Gorman was allowed to sell in Commonwealth countries, but had difficulty in meeting the demand and the U.S. patent prevented others from making the product. This patent was circumvented by Ted Eldred of Melbourne, Australia, who had been developing a rebreather called the Porpoise. When a demonstration of this rebreather resulted in a diver passing out, he developed the single-hose open-circuit scuba system, which separates the first stage and demand", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20561763", "score": "1.2047613", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Aqua Lung/La Spirotechnique", "text": "at its factory in Boulogne-Billancourt two scuba set prototypes that Cousteau and Frédéric Dumas used to shoot the underwater film \"Épaves\" (\"Shipwrecks\"), directed by Cousteau the same year. They were the first modern diving regulators to be made. In 1946 Air Liquide founded La Spirotechnique, its own division destined to conceive and mass-produce regulators and other diving equipment. Also in 1946 La Spirotechnique launched the CG45, the first modern regulator to be commercialized. The year 1946 represents thus the beginning of the popularisation of scuba diving. In English-speaking countries the CG45 was commercialized under the name of \"Aqua-Lung\", a word", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12757233", "score": "1.1977625", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Aqua-Lung", "text": "more high pressure diving cylinders and a diving regulator (the \"Aqua-Lung\") that supplied the diver with breathing gas at ambient pressure via a demand valve. For more than ten years, seen in the films \"Épaves\" (\"Shipwrecks\", 1943) and \"Le Monde du silence\" (\"The Silent World\", 1956) the main scuba equipment used by Cousteau and his divers was an Aqua-Lung mounted on three diving cylinders, one being used as a safe air reserve. The Aqua-Lung allowed Cousteau's team and other divers to spend more time underwater and, along with the invention of several underwater cameras, to film and explore more freely.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "854562", "score": "1.1973403", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Aqua Lung/La Spirotechnique", "text": "coined by Cousteau himself on that purpose. In the USA during World War II the American military physician Christian J. Lambertsen designed a wartime frogman's rebreather which in 1952 got called the SCUBA (acronym for Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus), and later the name (changing to 'scuba' and treated as a word) was used to mean any underwater breathing set. In Britain the word \"aqualung\" became a generic trademark for open-circuit underwater breathing sets and stayed so for many years. The word \"scuba\" became the generic word quickly in the USA and eventually in Britain. For more information see Aqua-lung#Trademark issues.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12757234", "score": "1.1895876", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Aqua-Lung", "text": "or Air Liquide could have slowed or stopped this genericization by taking prompt action, but this seems not to have been done in Britain, where Siebe Gorman held the British rights to both the trade name and the patent. In the United States, the term \"aqualung\" was popularized by the popular television series \"Sea Hunt\" (1958). This series never said that an aqualung could be called anything else, or made by anyone else, but the company that supplied Mike Nelson, the lead character in the series. The Voit Rubber Corporation provided most of the diving equipment used in this series,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "854571", "score": "1.1865584", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Aqua-Lung", "text": "the other or if, in fact, they were truly spontaneous inventions. There seems to be some evidence that the Divers Supply unit hit the market just prior to the Eldred Porpoise, but there is no evidence that Eldred was aware of it. In the early years of scuba diving in Britain, \"tadpole\" was a nickname for a type of diving gear that had two meanings: \"Aqualung\", \"Aqua-Lung\", and \"Aqua Lung\" are registered trademarks for scuba diving breathing equipment. That trade name was originally owned in the United States by a company known as U.S. Divers (now Aqua Lung America). The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "854567", "score": "1.1615499", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Aqua-Lung", "text": "delivering air to a mouthpiece-mounted second stage via a small-diameter intermediate-pressure (about 140 psi) hose. At about the same time as Divers Supply began selling the Sport Diver regulator, Australian Ted Eldred designed a similar single hose system which he marketed as the Porpoise. Today, virtually all modern open-circuit SCUBA gear uses this design, though Aqualung did market a \"modern\" double hose Mistral model in 2005 and 2006. There is controversy over the invention of the first single hose regulator. The invention was motivated by an effort to bypass Aqua-Lung's patent on the double hose regulator. This patent involved the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "854565", "score": "1.1592624", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Aqua-Lung", "text": "The original \"Aqua-Lung\" was an \"open-circuit\" design (so-called because gas flows from the cylinder, to the diver, out into the water). Other scuba systems that were invented before the \"Aqua-Lung\" were \"closed circuit\" (or \"rebreather\"). In these apparatuses, breathing gas flows from the cylinder to the diver, through a scrubber (which removes carbon dioxide), back to a secondary bag or counter-lung, and then back to the diver again, in a closed loop. The Aqua-Lung was not the first breathing apparatus, but it was the most popular. In 1934, René Commeinhes developed a firefighter's breathing apparatus which was adapted for diving", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "854563", "score": "1.15731", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Ted Eldred", "text": "units were produced, but only a few dozen of all models are known to exist today. The more common French Aqua Lung was produced in far larger numbers, with 12,000 being made in a single month. Today the French design is considered obsolete, while the Australian design is made and used world wide. Ted Eldred was recognized in later life, by the Historical Divers Society (South-East Asia Pacific), as the inventor of the first successful commercially produced single hose SCUBA. Eldred made his last dive with his grandson Adam, at an event in Ted Eldred's honor. The single hose SCUBA", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7368443", "score": "1.1559734", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Ted Eldred", "text": "never dived with the Cousteau-Gagnan model of the Aqua Lung, but knew of its existence and its principle. The Aqua Lung was protected by patent and difficult to obtain in Australia. Siebe Gorman had the license to manufacture for Commonwealth countries and could not meet demands. When Eldred decided that rebreathers were not suitable for general sport use, he shifted his focus to developing the world's first single-hose open-circuit scuba set, both with tradename \"Porpoise\". Eldred's initial efforts were to make an oxygen rebreather safe for sporting use. Pure oxygen used in early rebreathers causes CNS poisoning below 6 msw.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7368434", "score": "1.1425383", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "King of the Coral Sea", "text": "patented Aqua Lung. It had a unique appearance, which came from the tank being worn on the diver's back, with the regulator worn on the chest. The Lawson Lung was made in Sydney in small numbers, because getting scuba gear in Australia was very difficult at the time. Rafferty dived in an open British made Heinke helmet as well as using the Lawson Lung towards the end of the film. Thursday Island was known for its pearl shells, which were collected for jewelry and buttons. The film was noted for the documentation of pearl shell divers and the luggers they", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15812966", "score": "1.1403608", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Aqua-Lung", "text": "first book, \"The Silent World\", in 1953. Public use of the word \"aqualung\", and public interest in Aqualungs and scuba diving, were started around 1953 in English-speaking counties by a National Geographical Society Magazine article about Cousteau's underwater archaeological expedition to Grand Congloué. In France, aqualung diving was popularized by Cousteau's movie \"Épaves\", while his book \"The Silent World\" also helped significantly. As with some other registered trademarks, the term \"aqualung\" became a genericized trademark in English-speaking countries as a result of common use by the public and in publications, including the BSAC's official diving manuals. Presumably, lawyers for Cousteau", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "854570", "score": "1.139527", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Aqua Lung/La Spirotechnique", "text": "From 1946 to 1955 La Spirotechnique sold only one model of regulator, the CG45. On April 1955 it launched the Mistral, a single-stage regulator that was cheaper to build and easier to breathe than the CG45. The Mistral became the brands spearhead and set off to establish scuba diving across the world. The CG45 and the Mistral were twin-hose regulators, but La Spirotechnique wanted to create a single-hose regulator, to let divers exchange their mouthpieces in narrow underwater caves and hollows, not knowing that in 1952 the Australian Ted Eldred had started to sell the first single-hose regulator, the Porpoise.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12757235", "score": "1.1330056", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Aqua-Lung", "text": "and adapted it to gas generators in response to a fuel shortage, which was a consequence of German requisitioning. Gagnan's boss, Henri Melchior, knew that his son-in-law Jacques-Yves Cousteau was looking for an automatic demand regulator to increase the useful period of the underwater breathing apparatus invented by Commander Yves le Prieur, so he introduced Cousteau to Gagnan in December 1942. On Cousteau's initiative, the Gagnan's regulator was adapted to diving, and the new Cousteau-Gagnan patent was registered some weeks later in 1943. After the war, in 1946, both men founded La Spirotechnique (as a division of Air Liquide) in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "854558", "score": "1.1257799", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Ted Eldred", "text": "the French firm L'Air Liquide, which owned U.S. Divers Corp., and the patent to the Aqua-Lung, bought Eldred out, under threat of flooding his market with their products. The Porpoise continued to be marketed under the name Australian Divers Spiro Pty. Ltd. Eldred worked for them for a time, but eventually left diving behind, discouraged by this experience. Later Australian Divers Spiro ceased production of all of the Porpoise models, but had to continue to supply the RAN because of an existing contract. The last Porpoise sold was the RAN variation of the Porpoise Universal in 1976. About 12,000 Porpoise", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7368442", "score": "1.1238627", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Christian J. Lambertsen", "text": "Christian J. Lambertsen Christian James Lambertsen (May 15, 1917 – February 11, 2011) was an American environmental medicine and diving medicine specialist who was principally responsible for developing the United States Navy frogmen's rebreathers in the early 1940s for underwater warfare. Lambertsen designed a series of rebreathers in 1940 (patent filing date: 16 Dec 1940) and in 1944 (patent issue date: 2 May 1944) and first called his invention \"breathing apparatus\". Later, after the war, he called it \"Laru\" (portmanteau for Lambertsen Amphibious Respiratory Unit) and finally, in 1952, he changed his invention's name again to SCUBA (Self Contained Underwater", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8888376", "score": "1.1236805", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Robert Croft (diver)", "text": "and Enzo Majorca, he established three depth records: He retired from free-diving thereafter. Croft is credited with inventing \"air packing\" (also known as \"lung packing\" or \"glossopharyngeal inhalation\"), a method used to overfill the lungs, increasing the volume of air in the lungs above the total lung capacity prior to breath-holding. He had developed this method as a youngster living in Narraganset Bay, Rhode Island to swim further and stay underwater longer than any of his peers. He also served as a research subject for 6 years, from 1962 to 1968, for the Navy research scientists. One of the navy", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11425174", "score": "1.1150339", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "History of underwater diving", "text": "regulator was adapted to diving, and the new Cousteau-Gagnan patent was registered some weeks later in 1943. Air Liquide started selling the Cousteau-Gagnan regulator commercially as of 1946 under the name of \"scaphandre Cousteau-Gagnan\" or CG45 (\"C\" for Cousteau, \"G\" for Gagnan and 45 for the 1945 patent). The same year Air Liquide created a division called \"La Spirotechnique\", to develop and sell regulators and other diving equipment. To sell his regulator in English-speaking countries Cousteau registered the Aqua-Lung trademark, which was first licensed to the U.S. Divers company (the American division of Air Liquide) and later sold with La", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19766919", "score": "1.1101092", "original_retrieval_index": 33 } ]

[ "originally designated HU-1" ]

[ { "title": "Take Me Home Huey", "text": "Take Me Home Huey Take Me Home Huey is an art project and sculpture that was created from a discarded U.S. Army Bell UH-1 Iroquois helicopter, that served as an air ambulance for the U.S. Army in the Vietnam War. The serial number is 67-17174, commonly known as #174. Artist Steve Maloney created the concept and artwork using the restored helicopter’s 47-foot long fuselage as a canvas. The composition includes a mule pack of soldier’s duffels, public address speakers and a vinyl wrap of Vietnam Helicopter Squadron names, along with symbolic 1960’s and 70’s pop culture imagery of icons that", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20656996", "score": "1.1465621", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Bell UH-1 Iroquois", "text": "had flown. In March 1960, the Army awarded Bell a production contract for 100 aircraft, which was designated as the HU-1A and officially named \"Iroquois\" after the Native American nations. The helicopter quickly developed a nickname derived from its designation of HU-1, which came to be pronounced as \"Huey\". The reference became so popular that Bell began casting the name on the helicopter's anti-torque pedals. The official U.S. Army name was almost never used in practice. After September 1962, the designation for all models was changed to UH-1 under a unified Department of Defense (DOD) designation system, but the nickname", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "493283", "score": "1.1462959", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "119th Assault Helicopter Company", "text": "approximately 8 Huey UH-1C model gunships. The \"slick\" troopships used the radio callsign \"Alligator\" or \"Gator\", the gunships used the callsign \"Crocodiles\" or \"Crocs\". The callsigns that the pilots used were atypical for US Army aviation units of the time, instead of standard callsigns such as \"Blue four-one\" or \"Yellow six,\" the pilots used nicknames. The company at one time also used the callsign called \"Black Dragon,\" from which the 52nd CABn \"Flying Dragon\" callsign evolved. The total company strength of approximately 225 included 50 to 60 pilots and an equal number of crewmembers, plus field maintenance and other critical", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12157755", "score": "1.1298538", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Bell UH-1 Iroquois", "text": "\"Chickenhawk\". The 2002 journey of \"Huey 091\", displayed in the Smithsonian National Museum of American History, is outlined in the documentary \"In the Shadow of the Blade\". Bell UH-1 Iroquois The Bell UH-1 Iroquois (nicknamed \"Huey\") is a utility military helicopter powered by a single turboshaft engine, with two-blade main and tail rotors. The first member of the prolific Huey family, it was developed by Bell Helicopter to meet a United States Army's 1952 requirement for a medical evacuation and utility helicopter, and first flew in 1956. The UH-1 was the first turbine-powered helicopter produced for the United States military,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "493327", "score": "1.1009697", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Bell UH-1 Iroquois variants", "text": "the UH-1A) was the first turbine-equipped U.S. helicopter to go into production, and production models first entered service with the 101st Airborne Division at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, the 82nd Airborne Division and the 57th Medical Detachment. Although they were intended for evaluation only, the Army quickly pressed them into operational service and Hueys with the 57th Medical Detachment arrived in Vietnam in March 1962. The helicopter was originally designated the HU-1A, which is where it received its nickname - \"Huey.\" The official U.S. Army designation Iroquois (Army helicopters are traditionally given Native American names) was almost never used in practice.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11088580", "score": "1.093837", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Aircraft in fiction", "text": "an AH-1 Cobra, which pursues them through a wind farm, firing heat seeking rockets at them. The Bell UH-1 Iroquois (commonly called the Huey) was the most common helicopter during the Vietnam War, as an aircraft used to insert and remove troops from the field, transport casualties for medical treatment and as a gunship. As such, it has appeared in many works of fiction related to the war. The UH-1 was an important part of the 1968 film \"The Green Berets\". The production company paid $18,623.64 for the material, the eighty-five hours of flying time by UH-1 helicopters, and thirty-eight", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13968625", "score": "1.0855465", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Bell AH-1 Cobra", "text": "\"Hueys\" would range across the country, to fight the enemy at times and places of their own choice. It soon became clear that the unarmed troop helicopters were vulnerable against ground fire from Viet Cong and North Vietnamese troops, particularly as they came down to drop their troops in a landing zone. Without friendly support from artillery or ground forces, the only way to pacify a landing zone was from the air, preferably with an aircraft that could closely escort the transport helicopters, and loiter over the landing zone as the battle progressed. By 1962 a small number of armed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "485133", "score": "1.0663748", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Bell UH-1Y Venom", "text": "Bell UH-1Y Venom The Bell UH-1Y Venom (also called Super Huey) is a twin-engine, medium-sized utility helicopter, built by Bell Helicopter under the H-1 upgrade program of the United States Marine Corps. One of the latest members of the numerous Huey family, the UH-1Y is also called \"Yankee\", based on the NATO phonetic alphabet pronunciation of its variant letter. The UH-1Y was to have been remanufactured from UH-1Ns, but in 2005, it was approved for the aircraft to be built as new. After entering service in 2008, the UH-1Y replaced the USMC's aging fleet of UH-1N Twin Huey light utility", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9412125", "score": "1.0617056", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Bell AH-1 Cobra", "text": "eight months after the go-ahead. In April 1966, the model won an evaluation against the other rival helicopters. The Army then signed the first production contract for 110 aircraft. Bell added \"Cobra\" to the UH-1's Huey nickname to produce its \"HueyCobra\" name for the 209. The Army applied the \"Cobra\" name to its AH-1G designation for the helicopter. The Bell 209 demonstrator was used for the next six years to test weapons and fit of equipment. It had been modified to match the AH-1 production standard by the early 1970s. The demonstrator was retired to the Patton Museum at Fort", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "485139", "score": "1.0613052", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Bell UH-1 Iroquois", "text": "The Iroquois was originally designated HU-1, hence the Huey nickname, which has remained in common use, despite the official redesignation to UH-1 in 1962. The UH-1 first saw service in combat operations during the Vietnam War, with around 7,000 helicopters deployed. The Bell 204 and 205 are Iroquois versions developed for the civil market.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Bell UH-1 Iroquois variants", "text": "to maintain full capability when used with the heaviest armament subsystems, leading to the UH-1C. The UH-1C was specifically developed as a gunship version until the \"interim\" attack helicopter, the Bell AH-1G Huey Cobra was available and to correct the deficiencies of the UH-1B when it was used in the armed role. The UH-1C was widely referred to as the \"Huey Hog\" in US Army service. The \"Charlie\" model was fitted with the T53-L-9 or L-11 engine to provide the power needed to lift the weapons systems in use or under development at the time. It incorporated the new Bell", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11088584", "score": "1.0529051", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "In the Shadow of the Blade", "text": "three decades after the war as a vehicle for eliciting the stories of ordinary Americans affected by the war. The film's centerpiece is UH-1 \"Huey 091\" (tail number 65-10091), which is now permanently displayed in the Smithsonian Museum of American History \"Price of Freedom: Americans At War\" exhibit. \"Huey 091\" served during the Vietnam War with the U.S. Army in the 173rd Assault Helicopter Company, \"The Robin Hoods, in 1966-67 before being removed stateside after incurring battle damage. The documentary's \"mission of healing and reconciliation\" lifted off at Fort Rucker, Alabama, where many Vietnam helicopter pilots trained before deployment. War", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13778884", "score": "1.0458655", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Bell UH-1 Iroquois", "text": "fitted which had two windows, plus a small hinged panel with an optional window, providing enhanced access to the cabin. The doors and hinged panels were quickly removable, allowing the Huey to be flown in a \"doors off\" configuration. The Model 205 prototype flew on 16 August 1961. Seven pre-production/prototype aircraft had been delivered for testing at Edwards AFB starting in March 1961. The 205 was initially equipped with a 44-foot (13.4 m) main rotor and a Lycoming T53-L-9 engine with 1,100 shp (820 kW). The rotor was lengthened to 48 feet (14.6 m) with a chord of . The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "493288", "score": "1.0375143", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Bell UH-1 Iroquois variants", "text": "including 352 constructed by Dornier for the West German armed forces. The HH-1D was a base rescue/fire-fighting version for the US Army that had a 50-gallon water and foam spray system that could be discharged via an extendable boom. Upgrading the UH-1D to the Lycoming T53-L-13 engine, plus relocating the pitot tube from the nose to the roof resulted in a new model, the UH-1H, which was to become the most produced variant of the Huey family. In 1962 the US Marines held a competition to choose a new assault support helicopter to replace the Cessna O-1 and Kaman OH-43D", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11088590", "score": "1.032941", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Boeing CH-47 Chinook", "text": "the UH-1 \"Huey\" to serve as the needed tactical troop transport. The YHC-1A would be improved and adopted by the Marines as the CH-46 Sea Knight in 1962. As a result, the Army issued a new order to Vertol for an enlarged derivative of the V-107, known by internal company designation as the Model 114, which it gave the designation of HC-1B. On 21 September 1961, the preproduction Boeing Vertol YCH-1B made its initial hovering flight. During 1962, the HC-1B was redesignated the CH-47A under the 1962 United States Tri-Service aircraft designation system; it was also named \"Chinook\" after the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "493212", "score": "1.0270132", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "United States Army Aviation Branch", "text": "the UH-1 Iroquois, or Huey, began to arrive in Vietnam in significant numbers in 1964. Before the end of the conflict, more than 5,000 of these versatile aircraft were introduced into Southeast Asia. They were used for medical evacuation, command and control, air assault; personnel and materiel transport; and gunships. The AH-1 Cobra arrived in 1967 to partially replace the Huey in its gun ship capacity. Other important helicopters in Vietnam included the CH-47 Chinook, the OH-6 Cayuse, the OH-58 Kiowa, and the CH-54 Tarhe. Although the concept of air mobility had been developed with a mid-intensity European conflict in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9727857", "score": "1.0268575", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Dyna-Flytes", "text": "using an incorrect name (e.g. the Sikorsky S-55 was actually an S-58) or omitted the manufacturer's name (e.g. the 'Huey copter' is correctly a Bell UH-1B Iroquois/Huey). In addition, some moulds were withdrawn and their number assigned to a new mould. Additionally, a number of the early casts were retired and replaced with newer, finer casts. This would include the B707 and B727 as examples. Some details are provided in brackets after each aircraft's entry. It should also be noted that the original issue numbers did NOT include the \"A\" suffix. This would become standard in later years, but it's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1768883", "score": "1.0262828", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Armed helicopter", "text": "for specialized helicopters to be used as aerial artillery to provide fire suppression and ground support close to the battle. The first United States use of the armed helicopter in large-scale combat operations was during the Vietnam War. First the U.S. Army modified UH-1B 'Huey' helicopters, mounting machine guns and Folding Fin Aerial Rockets (FFAR) on struts parallel with the fuselage. Eventually, the U.S. Army would upgrade the engine and rotor to the UH-1C model, and again to the UH-1M model, to overcome power issues as more and more armament was added to the helicopters. But this was not fully", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10846937", "score": "1.0258901", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Bell 214", "text": "Bell 214 The Bell 214 is a medium-lift helicopter derived from Bell Helicopter's ubiquitous UH-1 Huey series. The Bell 214ST shares the same model number, but is a larger, much-modified twin-engine derivative. The original development of the Model 214 was announced by Bell in 1970 under the name \"Huey Plus\". The first prototype was based on a Bell 205 airframe equipped with a Lycoming T53-L-702 engine of 1,900 shp. The first Bell 214A demonstration prototype followed and was evaluated in Iran during field exercises with the Imperial Iranian Armed Forces. The trial was judged successful and an order for 287", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9135438", "score": "1.024223", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Bell UH-1 Iroquois variants", "text": "1969. The \"Mike\" model Huey was a conversion of the existing UH-1C by re-engining it with the Lycoming T53-L-13 powerplant used in the UH-1H. This provided more power to the \"C\" model for its role as a gunship and also provided engine commonality between the attack and transport helicopters in use in Vietnam at that time. Bell flew the first twin-engined Huey in April 1965, calling it the Model 208. It was powered by a Continental XT67 twin-pack engine module. The Canadian government provided the incentive for Bell to continue development of the Twin Huey using Pratt & Whitney Canada", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11088603", "score": "1.0193927", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Bell UH-1 Iroquois variants", "text": "and given the local designation of UH-1J, although this was not used in the US designation series. It has an upgraded engine and a UH-1N nose. Japan's UH-1H and UH-1Js will be replaced by a military version of the Bell 412. Bell was awarded a contract by the US Navy in December 1968 for a new search and rescue helicopter. The aircraft was designated the HH-1K and was basically a UH-1E with different avionics and the Lycoming T53-L-13 powerplant of . Deliveries of the “Kilo” Huey started in May 1970 and by November of that year three had been sent", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11088600", "score": "1.018028", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Helicopter", "text": "Helicopter A helicopter is a type of rotorcraft in which lift and thrust are supplied by rotors. This allows the helicopter to take off and land vertically, to hover, and to fly forward, backward, and laterally. These attributes allow helicopters to be used in congested or isolated areas where fixed-wing aircraft and many forms of VTOL (vertical takeoff and landing) aircraft cannot perform. The English word \"helicopter\" is adapted from the French word , coined by Gustave Ponton d'Amécourt in 1861, which originates from the Greek \"helix\" () \"helix, spiral, whirl, convolution\" and \"pteron\" () \"wing\". English language nicknames for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9268432", "score": "1.015676", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "17th Aviation Brigade (United States)", "text": "called \"Alligator\" or \"Gator\"), and approximately 8 Huey UH-1C model gunships known as \"Crocodiles\" or \"Crocs.\" The company at one time also used the callsign called \"Black Dragon\" from which the 52d's \"Flying Dragon\" callsign evolved. The total company strength of approximately 225 included 50 to 60 pilots and an equal number of crewmembers, plus field maintenance and other critical support personnel. During over eight years in Vietnam, the 119th Aviation Company (Assault Helicopter) provided helicopter support for the US Army 4th Infantry Division, 25th Infantry Division, 1st Cavalry Division, 173d Airborne Brigade, US Marine Corps, United States Army Special", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13369537", "score": "1.0133169", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Bell UH-1N Twin Huey", "text": "in the Canadian Forces, in US service, the UH-1N retained the official name \"Iroquois\" from the single–engine UH-1 variants, although US service personnel refer to the aircraft as a \"Huey\" or \"Twin Huey\". The Bell 412 is a further development of the Bell 212, the major difference being the composite four-blade main rotor. The UH-1N has also been developed into the upgraded, four-blade UH-1Y. The UH-1N's main rotor is powered by a PT6T-3/T400 Turbo Twin Pac made up of two Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6 turboshaft engines that drive a single output shaft. They are capable of producing up to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9888350", "score": "1.0107247", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Bell 309 KingCobra", "text": "Bell's Model 409/YAH-63 in 1976. Bell 309 KingCobra The Bell Model 309 KingCobra was an experimental attack helicopter developed by Bell Helicopter, based on the Bell AH-1 Cobra. The AH-1 Cobra was developed in the mid-1960s as an interim gunship for the U.S. Army for use in Vietnam. The Cobra shared the proven transmission, rotor system, and the T53 turboshaft engine of the UH-1 \"Huey\". By June 1967, the first AH-1G HueyCobras had been delivered. Originally designated as UH-1H, the \"A\" for attack designation was soon adopted and when the improved UH-1D became the UH-1H, the HueyCobra became the AH-1G.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9405465", "score": "1.0095607", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "CDF Aviation Management Program", "text": "in Vietnam. Nine helicopters were initially reconditioned, and were operated as non-certificated, public-use aircraft. The first helicopter was built up November, 1981 and was placed in service at Hemet-Ryan Helitack Base. Six more F Model Hueys were built up and placed in service at helitack bases throughout California in the summer of 1982. During the first two years Cal Fire employed “Personal Service Contract” pilots. Each base was assigned a full-time pilot and a seasonal relief pilot who covered two bases. The majority of the contract pilots became state employees in 1984. The helitack unit was designed to be a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10851915", "score": "1.0085608", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Operation Pony Express", "text": "of the UH-1. On occasion, the Huey would carry a 55-gallon barrel of fuel in the cabin. If the Huey required the extra fuel, the crewchief would hook up his safety strap, step out onto the chopper's skid and hold the refueling hose as the other crewman pumped the fuel into the Huey's fuel tank. This was done at cruising altitude. In August 1968 the 20th Helicopter Squadron was redesignated the 20th Special Operations Squadron (SOS). The Pony Express continued to fly many missions in support of DOSA (Director of Operations for Special Activities) through 1968 and into 1969. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10373109", "score": "1.0084381", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Sikorsky XH-39", "text": "U.S. Army selected the Bell XH-40, prototype of the UH-1 Huey. Two YH-18As were modified into XH-39s; one for flight testing and the other for static test. On 26 August 1954, the XH-39 set a world helicopter speed record of 156.005 mph (251 km/h) over a three kilometer closed course at Bradley Field (now Bradley International Airport) in Windsor Locks, Connecticut. The same year, on October 17, 1954, it set an unofficial world helicopter altitude record of 24,500 ft (7,474 m) at Bridgeport, Connecticut. In addition to the two XH-39's, one S-59, serial number 52004, registration number N74150, was produced", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11965635", "score": "1.0075444", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Aircraft in fiction", "text": "hundred man-days for military personnel taken away from their regular duties. Two UH-1H Hueys make up part of the attack package on Ernst Stavro Blofeld's oil rig command center at the climax of the 1971 James Bond film \"Diamonds Are Forever\". The UH-1 was in Francis Ford Coppola's 1979 epic \"Apocalypse Now\". Several Hueys were rented from the Philippine Air force. UH-1s were prominently featured in Oliver Stone's 1986 film \"Platoon\". The 1990 film \"Air America\", about the CIA's proprietary airline during the war in Southeast Asia, featured the ubiquitous Huey helicopter. A Bell 205 is used as a mountain", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13968626", "score": "1.0045209", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Michael J. Aguilar", "text": "and has held a variety of billets in aviation at the squadron, aircraft group and aircraft wing level. He began flying the UH-1E Huey helicopter with Marine Light Helicopter Squadron 267, 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing, Camp Pendleton, and then while assigned to Headquarters and Maintenance Squadron 24, 1st Marine Amphibious Brigade, Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii. He was transferred overseas in 1976 to the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing where he served with Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 165 aboard Amphibious Naval Ships and Marine Light Helicopter Squadron 367 on Okinawa, Japan. In 1977 he returned to the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing and converted", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15748925", "score": "1.0042896", "original_retrieval_index": 29 } ]

[ "\"twin\"", "twin" ]

[ { "title": "Thomas (surname)", "text": "widely distributed throughout the country, but especially common in Scotland, Cornwall, and Wales. Thomas is the ninth most common surname in the United Kingdom. It is found as a personal name among Christians in India, and in the United States; it is also used as a family name among the Saint Thomas Christian families from Kerala, South India. In the 1990 United States Census, Thomas was the twelfth most common surname, accounting for 0.3% of the population. In France, Thomas (pronounced ) is the third most widespread surname after Martin and Bernard, with over 100,000 people with this name. Thomas", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10367551", "score": "0.84046733", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Thomas (name)", "text": "century CE), but by the 13th and 14th centuries it had become common. In 2017 it ranked 13th in popularity in the United Kingdom with 3,246 babies given the name. The Social Security Administration lists the name Thomas as the ninth most popular name in the United States over the past 100 years. In 2017 it ranked 48th in popularity with 7,131 babies given the name. Thomas (name) Thomas is recorded in the Greek New Testament as the name of Thomas the Apostle (one of the twelve apostles of Jesus). It is ultimately derived from the Aramaic personal name תאומא", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10805693", "score": "0.83082265", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Th (digraph)", "text": "English name \"Thomas\" has initial because it was loaned from Norman. In the transcription of Australian Aboriginal languages represents a dental stop, . In Irish and Scottish Gaelic, represents the lenition of . In most cases word-initially, it is pronounced . For example: Irish and Scottish Gaelic \"toil\" 'will' → \"do thoil\" 'your will'. This use of digraphs with to indicate lenition is distinct from the other uses which derive from Latin. While it is true that the presence of digraphs with in Latin inspired the Goidelic usage, their allocation to phonemes is based entirely on the internal logic of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6314591", "score": "0.7923301", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Saint Thomas Christian names", "text": "Indian names like Neethu, Deepa etc. to their children. When initials are used, abbreviations of the family name or house name (name of the plot where the parents of the child live at the time of birth) and the father’s name are given before the given name. For example, the name P.M. Thomas means Palakkappilly (family name), Mathew’s (father’s name) son, Thomas (given name). His sister’s name will be P.M. Rachel. When family name or house name need to be used, it comes first followed by the given name. As an example, T.M. Thomas is, THEETAKATTIL Thomas Mathew or THEETAKATTIL", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13363376", "score": "0.79016936", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Thomas of Villanova", "text": "Real, Spain, therefore the name Thomas of Villanueva. Part of the original house still stands, with a coat of arms in the corner, beside a family chapel. In spite of his family's wealth, as a young boy he often went about naked because he had given his clothing to the poor. At the age of sixteen years, Thomas entered the University of Alcalá de Henares to study Arts and Theology. He became a professor there, teaching arts, logic, and philosophy, despite a continuing absentmindedness and poor memory. In 1516, he decided to join the Augustinian friars in Salamanca and in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7391657", "score": "0.7655108", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Irwin Thomas", "text": "the stage name of Jack Goode (born, c.1909June 1971), was a Broadway performer. His mother, Renalda Whittridge (née Green), was an Australian-born folk singer and dancer; she returned to Australia in 1980, with her son. He was later known as Jack Thomas Whittridge Jones. While at a secondary school in the city of Traralgon, in the mid-1980s, Thomas was a member of rock groups Get off the Cat and then Survival. In the late 1980s he was a member of Hans Valen, which covered material by United States heavy rocker, Van Halen; and then he was in Gnomes of Zurich.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7737991", "score": "0.762532", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Thomas de Clare, Lord of Thomond", "text": "to continue for three years, except when Thomas and Juliana went to Ireland. Thomas and Juliana had four children: When evidence was taken in 1302 to prove the age of his son Gilbert, it was established that Thomas had died on 29 August 1287. A mid-18th century compilation known as the Dublin Annals of Inisfallen states that Thomas was killed in battle against Turlough son of Teige and others. However, none of the earlier records of his death indicate that Thomas met a violent end. Some of the witnesses to Gilbert's age in 1302 referred to the date of Thomas'", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13984211", "score": "0.75801545", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Saint Thomas Christian names", "text": "the system detailed below. A name will include the baptismal name (generally the person is known by that name ) and the name of the father. The practice of appending the first name of father to the child's name instead of family name is also followed by Hindus of South India. Examples are given below. Their names traditionally have a threefold structure. The first two are usually abbreviated to initials. Another form is that the name will include the baptismal name (generally the person is called by that name) and the name of his father. The practice of appending the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13363373", "score": "0.7577029", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Thomas Nash (Newfoundland)", "text": "following spring, instead of being punished, Thomas was given a grant of land for the entire shoreline of Calvert. Having sons of an age to assist in building a boat in 1765 would mean that Thomas must have been at least 35 years of age. This is consistent with the letters of Archbishop O'Donel who in 1789 refers to Thomas as an \"old planter\". Using age 55 to define \"old\", which is conservative by any standards, would place Thomas's birth year around 1734. It is more likely however that Thomas was closer to 60 in 1789 and therefore born around", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17193847", "score": "0.75327384", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Thomas (name)", "text": "Thomas comes from the Greek bible. Thomas was a popular medieval given throughout Europe, coming from the biblical name, Thomas being one of Jesus' disciples. It is ultimately derived from the Aramaic personal name meaning \"twin.\"", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Terell Thomas", "text": "The Valley. On 3 November 2018 Thomas made his league debut for the Dons in a 2-1 loss to Shrewsbury Town at Kingsmeadow. Terell Thomas Terell Mondasia Thomas (born 13 October 1995) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defender for League One side AFC Wimbledon. Prior to his move to Charlton Athletic, Thomas featured for Arsenal before signing first professional contract in June 2015 with Charlton. He went onto enjoy two loan spells at National League side Woking. He was released in June 2017, and joined fellow League One side Wigan Athletic. Thomas was then subsequently sent", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20286328", "score": "0.7474706", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Thomas Means", "text": "\"American Millionaires\" in Kentucky. Thomas Means Thomas Williamson Means (November 3, 1803 – June 8, 1890) was a settler of Hanging Rock, Ohio, and a native of South Carolina. Together with his brother Hugh he became notable in Ashland, Kentucky, after he built the Buena Vista Furnace and became a director of the Kentucky Coal, Iron & Manufacturing Company. He was also the father of Ashland Mayor John Means. Means owned furnaces in Alabama, Kentucky, Ohio, and Virginia. Thomas' grandfather, William Means, settled in Juniata County, Pennsylvania, and later moved to South Carolina. Several of his sons participated in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14369188", "score": "0.7464371", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Philip Michael Thomas", "text": "in Columbus, Ohio, but grew up in San Bernardino, California. His father, Louis Diggs, was a plant foreman at Westinghouse. Thomas's mother was Lulu McMorris. He and his seven half brothers and sisters went by the surname Thomas, which was the last name of his mother's first husband. As a child, he acted in his church's theater group, and at age 15, while participating in the Pentecostal Delman Heights Four Square Gospel Church choir, became interested in ministry. He graduated from San Bernardino High School in 1967 and briefly took up work as a janitor to save money for college.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3552667", "score": "0.74633545", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Thomas Ranch", "text": "T, Cattle Brand and the E, Lazy T, Horse Brand were both registered with the State of Arizona, and are still being used today. Thomas Ranch The Thomas Ranch is a family owned-and-operated cow/calf operation. Starting back in 1902, 10 years prior to the Arizona Territory becoming the State of Arizona, the name \"The Thomas Ranch\" was registered by Edward E. Thomas, in Bisbee, Arizona, which was incorporated some months earlier in January 1902. The ranch has been family owned and operated ever since. It is located in the foothills of the Mule Mountains, between the cities of Bisbee, Sierra", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5624096", "score": "0.7451757", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Thomas Dolby", "text": "the stage name \"Thomas Dolby\" to avoid confusion with British singer Tom Robinson, who was popular when Robertson began his career. Early publicity implied that \"Dolby\" was a middle name, and that the artist's full name was Thomas Morgan Dolby Robertson; this is legally incorrect, but he does sometimes informally go by the initials TMDR. After the release of \"She Blinded Me with Science\", Dolby Laboratories expressed concern regarding the musician's stage name. Dolby's record label refused to make him change his name, and Dolby Labs did not raise the issue again until later. After a lengthy legal battle, the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1470972", "score": "0.7435639", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Saint Thomas Christian names", "text": "first name of father to the child's name instead of family name is also followed by Hindus of South India. Examples are given below. As an example, the name, Thomas Mathew is similar to \"Shimon bar Jona\". which means \"Shimon son of Jona\". In the same way, Thomas Mathew means \"Thomas\" son of \"Mathew\". Thomas Mathew is to be addressed as Thomas and not by his father’s name. Another form of name is Nikhil Thomas Mathew where Nikhil is a name chosen by the parents and they usually call him by that name, Thomas is the biblical and baptismal name", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13363374", "score": "0.7429645", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "John Thomas (Christadelphian)", "text": "to a recognised religious group that did not agree with participation in war. Thus in 1864, Dr. Thomas coined the name \"Christadelphian\" to identify members of the movement. The term \"Christadelphian\" comes from Greek and means \"Brethren in Christ\". It was during the war that Dr Thomas worked on the three volumes of \"Eureka\", which discusses the meaning of the Book of Revelation. On May 5, 1868, Dr Thomas returned to England where he travelled extensively giving lecturers about the Gospel message and meeting with Christadelphians in England. During this period of his life he found extensive support and help", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4097267", "score": "0.74201024", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "St Thomas' Hospital", "text": "fairly recent. The hospital newsletter in 2004 claimed that plural s' is grammatically correct, as \"there are two men called St Thomas linked to the hospital's history: Thomas Becket and Thomas the Apostle\" (A hospital belonging to two men, both called Thomas, would be Thomases', so the name change in the late 20th century is considered by some to be a simple mistake.) Within the South Wing of the hospital there are a number of late Victorian brass plaques headed \"St Thomas's Hospital\" i.e. using singular genitive. However, the medical school used the singular genitive s's; the explanation given for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2351793", "score": "0.74032605", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Thomas Fitzherbert (MP for Staffordshire)", "text": "in 1543 and a member of the last Henrician parliament, 1545–7. Under Philip and Mary he was knighted, and was sheriff again in 1554, but his and his family's fortunes changed with the accession of Elizabeth I. Having refused the Oath of Supremacy, Sir Thomas was arrested in 1561, and imprisoned in the Fleet Prison, London. He spent the rest of his life in one form of imprisonment or another, and died in the Tower of London on 2 October 1591. Having no children of his own, Sir Thomas's heir was his nephew, also called Thomas, the eldest son of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18086688", "score": "0.73906124", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Tadhg", "text": "United Kingdom, many Irish names and place-names were given English meanings. Due to similarity in sound, Tadhg is often listed as an Irish equivalent of the Judeo-Christian names Thaddeus, Timothy (Tim) or sometimes Thomas, but these names are not actually related. The name is also spelled \"Taḋg\" in the Irish uncial alphabet with an overdot over the \"d\" to indicate it is lenited; the \"dh\" serves a similar purpose in the modern spelling. Tadhg has been popularly anglicized as \"Tighe\" and \"Teague\". Alternative spellings are \"Tadgh\", \"Taigh\", \"Taidgh\" (found in North London). The name is found once in an Old", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3833769", "score": "0.7387446", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Thomas Thomas (surgeon)", "text": "Thomas Thomas (surgeon) Thomas Thomas (August 29, 1917 – October 31, 1998), widely known as \"Dr. T. Thomas\", was the first cardio-thoracic surgeon of Indian citizenship, as well as a prolific author and poet. He was trained by Reeve H. Betts in cardio-thoracic surgery at the Christian Medical College in Vellore, India. He studied at Madras Christian College, Tamil Nadu, and did his medical training at Stanley Medical College, Tamil Nadu. He was the first surgeon in South Asia to do a mitral valvulotomy. He was awarded a Rockefeller Fellowship and did further medical research in London and Edinburgh. He", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5895292", "score": "0.73804486", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Saint Thomas Christian names", "text": "T.M.Thomas. Hypocoristic (Pet names) are often used in a familiar and friendly manner in informal situations. In more formal situations, the given name is to be used instead. This alludes to the fact that using a person's pet name betokens familiarity. Pet names for Syrian Christians can be Hindu, Assyrian, Persian or Biblical in origin. Male names are patronymic. Female names are matronymic. The last name (father’s name) changes with each generation. The family name would also change if members who move out of their consanguineal family homes with the changing ownership of property upon the death of the patriarch", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13363377", "score": "0.73801535", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "My Name Is Thomas", "text": "My Name Is Thomas My Name Is Thomas ( or \"La chiamavano Maryam\") is a 2018 Italian drama film directed by Terence Hill and starring Hill alongside Matt Patresi, Eva Basteiro-Bertoli, Veronica Bitto and Guia Jelo. The film is the return of Terence Hill since he appeared in \"Doc West\" (2009). It is produced by Luisa Tonon and Jess Hill, Terence's son, and distributed by Lux Vide, the same distributor of \"Don Matteo\". The film is dedicated to Bud Spencer when, on 27 June 2016, before the end of the shooting of the film, Spencer died. It was released on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20692634", "score": "0.73794305", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Lord Voldemort", "text": "changed his audiobook pronunciation accordingly. For all the UK audiobooks Stephen Fry pronounced the name including the \"t\". \"Note: The names 'Thomas' and 'Mary' Riddle are taken from the films, and Delphini appears only in the \"Cursed Child\" play. The Potter Family is not shown.\" Notes: The Riddle family, an old gentry family, consisted of old Thomas and Mary Riddle and their son, Tom Riddle, Esq. They owned over half of the valley that the town of Little Hangleton lay in, and Thomas was the most prominent inhabitant of that town. They lived in a large house with fine gardens,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "558611", "score": "0.7370902", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Irwin Thomas", "text": "Irwin Thomas Irwin Thomas (born Irwin Thomas Whittridge on 6 January 1971) is an American-born Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist. He performed professionally using the stage name of Jack Jones when he was the lead vocalist-guitarist in band Southern Sons (1990–96) and again with Rick Price. His other bands and collaborations include Electric Mary, She Said Yes and Ahmet Zappa. He released his solo album debut in 2002, \"The Evolution Of Irwin Thomas\", and toured as a support act to Matchbox Twenty. Irwin Thomas Whittridge was born in Manhattan, New York City. His father Private Irwin Thomas Whittridge Snr, went under", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7737990", "score": "0.73499537", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Thomas, Oklahoma", "text": "Thomas, Oklahoma Thomas is a city in Custer County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 1,181 at the 2010 census. Thomas was named for William Thomas, who owned a general store and served as postmaster, when the first post office was established at the store on February 12, 1894, while this area was part of Oklahoma Territory. Joseph W. Morris claimed a homestead at the site during the Cheyenne-Arapaho opening in 1892. The Oklahoma Railway Townsite platted Morris' land in 1902, the same year that the Blackwell, Enid and Southwestern Railroad (later the St. Louis and San Francisco Railway) constructed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1191330", "score": "0.7348914", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Thomas H. Jones", "text": "called to me, 'Tom, you must go with me.' His looks were ugly and his voice was savage. I was very much afraid, and began to cry, holding on to my mother's clothes and begging her to protect me, and not let the man take me away.\" Thomas H. Jones took his last name from Mr. Jones the storekeeper, for whom he worked as a house servant and then a store clerk. Jones obtained some education from Mr. Jones. At the age of 20, Thomas married Lucilla Smith, a young woman of 17 and slave to a neighbor, Mrs. Moore.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18043745", "score": "0.7336702", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Thomas Street, Dublin", "text": "Thomas Street, Dublin Thomas Street () is a street in The Liberties in central Dublin, Ireland. The street is named after the church of St. Thomas, founded in 1175 near St. Catherine's church. The founder was William FitzAldelm, deputy and kinsman of King Henry II. The church was dedicated to Thomas Beckett (St. Thomas the Martyr), who had recently been murdered in his cathedral at Canterbury by followers of the king. The church became a rich and powerful monastery, which controlled the Liberty of Thomas Court and Donore. In 1539 it was dissolved with all the monasteries by Henry VIII.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10072713", "score": "0.7326681", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "T. H. Thomas", "text": "stove in the \"Newton Nottage\" church' yard. It was named Brontozoum thomasii in his honour. He died on 5 July 1915. His more than 1,000 prints, drawings and watercolours were given to Amgueddfa Cymru after his death in 1915 according to his will. T. H. Thomas Thomas Henry Thomas (31 March 1839 – 9 July 1915) was a Welsh artist particularly active in Cardiff. He was also interested in botany, geology, history, and archaeology which were often the subjects of his art works. He was a Fellow of the Royal Cambrian Academy of Art which was established in 1881. He", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18407657", "score": "0.7298248", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Thomas Street, Dublin", "text": "National College of Art and Design. Thomas Street, Dublin Thomas Street () is a street in The Liberties in central Dublin, Ireland. The street is named after the church of St. Thomas, founded in 1175 near St. Catherine's church. The founder was William FitzAldelm, deputy and kinsman of King Henry II. The church was dedicated to Thomas Beckett (St. Thomas the Martyr), who had recently been murdered in his cathedral at Canterbury by followers of the king. The church became a rich and powerful monastery, which controlled the Liberty of Thomas Court and Donore. In 1539 it was dissolved with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10072717", "score": "0.7294094", "original_retrieval_index": 31 } ]

[ "Kirsten Simone Vangsness" ]

[ { "title": "Penelope Garcia", "text": "Penelope Garcia Penelope Grace Garcia is a fictional character on the CBS crime dramas \"Criminal Minds\" and its short-lived spin-off \"\", portrayed by Kirsten Vangsness. She is the technical analyst of the Behavioral Analysis Unit that is the center of both shows. She also made a guest appearance during of \"\", making her the only character in the franchise to appear in all three series in the franchise. Garcia is from San Francisco, San Francisco County, California. A drunk driver killed her parents in a car accident when she was eighteen, and she now helps counsel the families of murder", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13965667", "score": "1.390937", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Criminal Minds: Suspect Behavior", "text": "as Penelope Garcia. By late 2010, the director had been chosen, and the casting completed. It was announced that Forest Whitaker would star. Whitaker's character, Samuel \"Sam\" \"Coop\" Cooper, and his team were introduced in \"Criminal Minds\" Season 5. Richard Schiff had a recurring role as FBI Director Jack Fickler. Samuel Cooper and his team set the stage for the spin-off in the 18th episode of the fifth season of \"Criminal Minds\", \"The Fight\" (April 7, 2010). This \"back-door pilot\" approach was also used for other CBS shows that were introduced in original series, such as \"\" (2002-2012), \"\" (2004-2013)", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14335780", "score": "1.186709", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Criminal Minds (franchise)", "text": "spin-off of the procedural crime drama \"Criminal Minds\". Studio Producer Ed Bernero confirmed it by disclosing that \"it's safe to say there will be something soon.\" The show had a completely new cast, with the exception of Kirsten Vangsness, who reprised her role as Penelope Garcia. By late 2010, the director had been chosen, and the casting completed. It was announced that Forest Whitaker would star. Whitaker's character, Samuel \"Sam\" \"Coop\" Cooper, and his team were introduced in \"Criminal Minds\" Season 5. Richard Schiff had a recurring role as FBI Director Jack Fickler. Samuel Cooper and his team set the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19294111", "score": "1.131806", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Criminal Minds", "text": "series premiered in September 2005, it featured FBI agents Jason Gideon, Aaron Hotchner, Elle Greenaway, Derek Morgan, Spencer Reid, Jennifer \"JJ\" Jareau, and Penelope Garcia. For season 1, Garcia was not a main cast member but rather had a recurring role, although she appeared in most episodes. In 2006, at the start of season 2, Lola Glaudini announced her departure from the show, as she wanted to return home to New York City. Paget Brewster replaced her in the role of Emily Prentiss. At the start of season 3, Mandy Patinkin announced his departure from the show because he was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5532327", "score": "1.077445", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Penelope Garcia", "text": "a man with whom she had just gone on a date, but survived when the bullet missed her heart and ricocheted into her abdomen. The attacker (who turned out to be a type of serial killer known as a 'hero homicide') was later killed. After this incident, Morgan insisted she keep a gun; however, it is never shown whether she took this advice. She was romantically involved with fellow FBI Technical Analyst Kevin Lynch (played by Nicholas Brendon). Garcia seems to have been the one most hurt by JJ transferring out of the Behavioral Analysis Unit. In the Season 6", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13965675", "score": "1.0760901", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Aimee Garcia", "text": "as EMT helicopter pilot Marisa Benez. Garcia spent three years on Showtime's \"Dexter\" as Jamie Batista, for which she was nominated for a SAG Award for Best Ensemble in Dramatic Television Series. She played Dr. Jae Kim in MGM's reboot film, \"RoboCop\" (2014). In 2016, Garcia was added to the main cast for season two of the Fox TV series \"Lucifer\", playing LAPD forensic scientist Ella Lopez. Garcia resides in Los Angeles, California. Aimee Garcia Aimee Garcia (born November 28, 1978) is an American actress. She is known for her television roles as Veronica Palmero on the ABC sitcom \"George", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5419441", "score": "1.0517993", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Kelly Frye", "text": "after the end of \"Criminal Minds: Beyond Borders\", her role was of Kristy Simmons was added to the original series, \"Criminal Minds\", after Henney was added to the main cast. Kelly Frye Kelly Frye (born December 6, 1984) is an American actress. She is best known for her roles in \"\", \"Criminal Minds\", \"Rake\" and \"The Flash\". Frye was born in Houston, Texas and attended Clear Lake High School. Frye is one of five children. She has Irish and Australian roots. She graduated from Loyola Marymount University in 3 years with a BBA in international business and business law, with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20656734", "score": "1.0332816", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Tara Lewis (Criminal Minds)", "text": "Tara Lewis (Criminal Minds) Dr. Tara Elizabeth Lewis is a fictional character in the CBS crime drama \"Criminal Minds\", portrayed by Aisha Tyler. Lewis is a Forensic Psychologist and a Supervisory Special Agent of the FBI's Behavioral Analysis Unit. Lewis first appeared in \"The Job\", originally serving as a temporary replacement for Agents Kate Callahan (Jennifer Love Hewitt) and Jennifer Jareau (A.J. Cook) while they were both on maternity leave. Aisha Tyler was originally planned to be in the first six episodes of Season 11 but the producers \"loved her so much\" that they extended her role and she then", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20563797", "score": "1.0229393", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Criminal Minds", "text": "series debuted February 16, 2011, on CBS but was canceled after a short 13-episode season owing to low ratings. On September 6, 2011, CBS DVD released The Complete Series on a four-disc set. It was packaged as \"The DVD Edition\". The cast features Forest Whitaker as the lead role of Sam Cooper; including Janeane Garofalo, Michael Kelly, Beau Garrett, Matt Ryan, Richard Schiff, and Kirsten Vangsness, who reprises her role as Penelope Garcia from the original series. A proposed new series in the Criminal Minds franchise to be named \"Criminal Minds: Beyond Borders\" was announced in January 2015. Former \"\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5532339", "score": "1.0116475", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Kirsten Vangsness", "text": "Kirsten Simone Vangsness (born July 7, 1972) is an American actress and writer. She currently stars as FBI Technical Analyst Penelope Garcia on the CBS drama series Criminal Minds. She portrayed the same character on the spin-off series Criminal Minds: Suspect Behavior.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Penelope Garcia", "text": "is actually his dog. In the season twelve finale, Morgan returned after Peter Lewis tried to coax out the team and asked Garcia to cut him some slack, despite her reluctance. The character of Garcia also appeared in the spin-off \"\" as a series regular. The character of Garcia also appeared in the spin-off \"\". Her first appearance was in season one in a scene with Russ \"Monty\" Montgomery, where Monty hides Garcia's octopus mug and claims not to have it. In July 2016, it was announced that Garcia would make several appearances in .<ref name=\"GarciaCMBB\"> Penelope Garcia Penelope Grace", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13965680", "score": "1.0092283", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Danay García", "text": "\"Hawaii Five-0\" in 2017. Danay García Danay García (born 5 July 1984) is an American actress of Cuban origin. She is best known for her roles as Sofía Lugo on Fox's drama series \"Prison Break\" (2007–2009) and Luciana Galvez on AMC's horror drama series \"Fear the Walking Dead\" (2016–present). Her first role for the public was playing the lead role in \"Maria Antonia\", by Eugenio Hernandez Espinosa, in a Havana theatre production when she was 17. In the U.S., García started learning English by studying with teachers and dialect coaches. She began booking commercials. She began ballet studies at the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10971952", "score": "1.0050203", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Mayte Garcia", "text": "(2005) as a dancer, and \"Firehouse Dog\" (2007). In 2005, she appeared as a flight attendant in the Spanish language film El Vacilon. García has guest starred on various television series, such as 2 Broke Girls, \"Psych\", \"The Closer\", \"Las Vegas\", \"Nip/Tuck\", and \"Keeping Up with the Kardashians\". She appeared twice as a reporter on the 2007 ABC television series \"Big Shots\". She had a recurring role on Lifetime's \"Army Wives\" (2008–2009) as Jennifer Connor. She starred on Sí TV's 2004–05 program \"Across the Hall\" with Eric Cubiche. In 2009, she was a judge on the first season of Oxygen's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5227398", "score": "1.0041575", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Tara Lewis (Criminal Minds)", "text": "the show that we haven't seen quite that much of before\". In 2016 while reviewing \"Mirror Image\", Angela Niles described Lewis as \"eager and dedicated to the job without taking away from any of the others’ skills, and comes off as a likeable, supportive team member.\" and said that her character had \"remained something of a mystery\" during her first two seasons on the show. Jay Ruymann from \"Tell-Tale TV\" said that \"\"Criminal Minds\" has not made a better decision in the past decade than casting Aisha Tyler as Tara Lewis.\" Tara Lewis (Criminal Minds) Dr. Tara Elizabeth Lewis is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20563809", "score": "1.0024353", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Penelope Garcia", "text": "She has managed to remain so, even though the job occasionally requires her to dig into people's secret lives, to \"find the god-awful thing that happened to them that made them do the god-awful thing to someone else\". Many team members have commented in various ways, that her optimism is an aid to them, that (as Hotch said) they would never want her to change. He once commented to Reid and JJ, after contacting Garcia during a case, \"Remind me to have her drug tested,\" indicating her optimism could even be too much at times. Garcia was once shot by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13965674", "score": "0.9978482", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Criminal Minds (season 11)", "text": "no replacing her as we know, but there's an opportunity there to have fun for a few episodes.\" Aisha Tyler will join the cast in the wake of Hewitt's exit, and will be playing a recurring role as Dr. Tara Lewis, a forensic psychologist who has always wanted to study psychopaths up close, to understand the human being behind the evil acts. Her previous job was to interview serial killers and determine whether they were fit to stand trial. It was announced that Tim Kang will guest-star on the show in the second episode of the season, \"The Witness\". while", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18786739", "score": "0.9974084", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Penelope Garcia", "text": "used the personal information to find out their whereabouts so he could send the clues there. At the end of the Season 6 episode \"Compromising Positions\", Hotch comments that Garcia submitted her resume on homemade pink stationery when she applied for a job at the FBI. The Season 9 episode \"The Black Queen\" reveals that Penelope was arrested by the FBI in San Jose, California after she hacked into the computer systems of a cosmetics company, prompted by outrage over its use of animals in product testing. Hotch offered her a choice of facing prosecution or joining the BAU to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13965670", "score": "0.99332356", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Penelope Garcia", "text": "help track down serial killers; when she reacted with disdain, he noted her scrupulous morality in choosing targets. Penelope accepted the job and hand-wrote a résumé for Hotch to give to the FBI's human resources department, using the aforementioned pink stationery that she had in her purse. She is flamboyant, fun-loving, and provides the rest of the team with comic relief. She is very confident in her ability to find answers, and often answers her office phone with a know-it-all, yet joking, attitude (e.g. 'The Office of Unmitigated Superiority', 'Penelope's house of \"how may I save your ass today?\"', 'Fount", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13965671", "score": "0.9911621", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Penelope Garcia", "text": "as she risked her career by taking down a federal website to stop her boyfriend, Kevin Lynch, from being transferred out of country for a job, though after she accidentally let a detail slip while talking to him, he was annoyed slightly, but happy for the action on her part. Her moment of truth came in the 9th season episode \"Demons\" when she was forced to shoot an assassin sent to kill Reid by a corrupt sheriffs deputy. Reid had been in a hospital after being shot in the previous episode. In an attempt to get some closure, she communicates", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13965678", "score": "0.99103713", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Penelope Garcia", "text": "and he has in turn had strong reactions when Garcia is in harm's way. Her FBI Agent Number is 00190. She implied that she has a hidden tattoo saying \"Baby Girl\". Garcia is unabashedly emotional, which sometimes makes her job with the BAU more difficult. She has broken down, crying several times while listening to and watching terrifying things in her office as she analyzes them for the team. However, according to Agent Hotchner, she \"fills her office with figurines and color to remind herself to smile as the horror fills her screens\". Garcia is, on the whole, an optimist.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13965673", "score": "0.98695254", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Tara Lewis (Criminal Minds)", "text": "in the first six episodes of Season 11 with the possibility of extending her role. In September 2015, the producers decided to extend her role and Tyler then went on to appear in twelve more episodes that season. In July 2016, Tyler was promoted from her previous recurring status to series regular. Tyler described her character as \"fun and she's funny and engaged and passionate, so I think she connects with the team in that way. She means business for sure.\" During Tyler's first season on the show, Tyler wore a \"pixie wig\". Tyler had requested that her character have", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20563800", "score": "0.9839916", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Tricia Helfer", "text": "series \"Criminal Minds\", in which she led a team of bank-robbing serial killers. She guest starred in the second season of the Jane Espenson scripted romantic comedy web series, \"Husbands\". In 2014 she played Molly Parker on ABC's \"Killer Women\", a remake of Argentinian drama \"Mujeres Asesinas\", with producer Sofia Vergara. Also in 2014 she played Viondra Denniger, the steward and wife of the captain of the titular starship of the miniseries \"Ascension\" on its long journey carrying people to populate a new world. Helfer voiced Sonya Blade in the fighting game, \"Mortal Kombat X\", which was released in April", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4248876", "score": "0.9813189", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Elizabeth Hendrickson", "text": "to guest star on an episode of \"Criminal Minds\" titled \"Doubt\" on April 25, 2007, in the role of Katie, but the episode was pulled in deference to the tragedy at Virginia Tech and similar subject matter. The episode became the Season 3 premiere instead. Hendrickson signed on to play the role of Chloe Mitchell, a fashionista who stirs up trouble on the daytime drama \"The Young and the Restless\" in early 2008. It was revealed on the August 29, 2008 episode that the character was actually Kate, daughter of Katherine Chancellor's maid, Esther Valentine. Hendrickson exited the program in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4506798", "score": "0.97169566", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Monique Gabriela Curnen", "text": "She appeared in the season finale of Season 2 of \"Lie to Me\" (\"Black and White\", 2010) as Detective Sharon Wallowski, whom she continued to play in Season 3 in a major recurring role. She appeared in a 2014 episode of the TV Series \"Person of Interest\" as Precinct Captain Moreno, and two episodes in Season 4 of the TV Series \"Elementary\" as Detective Gina Cortes.\"The Mentalist\" (Tamsin Wade in the fifth season) . Monique Gabriela Curnen Monique Gabriela Curnen (born September 7, 1970) is an American film and television actress. Curnen's mother is from Puerto Rico, and her father", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13426036", "score": "0.97142935", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Penelope Garcia", "text": "episode \"Compromising Positions\", Garcia volunteered to replace JJ as their new Media Liaison, but soon discovered that she was not suited for the job. She returned to her analyst duties after the case was closed, but was given the option to travel to crime scenes with the team as needed. She was also emotional in the episode \"Lauren\" when Prentiss is stabbed by her nemesis, Ian Doyle. JJ joins the team waiting in the hospital lounge for results to inform them that Prentiss \"never made it off the table\". We see that Garcia can tell the news is not good", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13965676", "score": "0.96955085", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Jennifer Jareau", "text": "to be a crack shot. This was demonstrated in many episodes such as \"Nanny Dearest\" by shooting a fleeing suspect in the head at a faraway distance. In \"Revelations\", she killed numerous flesh eating dogs in a dark barn. In \"Penelope\", she kills Garcia's attacker by shooting him directly between the eyes precisely as he turns around to find JJ behind him. Despite her petite frame, she is very athletic and has shown herself to be able to hold her own even if disarmed. In the season 7 finale, she manages to physically fight off a stronger and taller suspect", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9092457", "score": "0.9648803", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Criminal Minds (season 3)", "text": "as Owen Savage, a spree killer who is going after those who have wronged him during his childhood. Lindsey Haun guest-starred as Jordan Norris, Owen's girlfriend, and Alexandra Krosney guest-starred as Eileen Bechtold, Jordan's friend. In the episode \"In Heat\", Michael Graziadei guest-starred as Steven Fitzgerald, a serial killer confused about his sexual orientation. Tia Texada guest-starred as Detective Tina Lopez, who leads the investigation of the murders. In the episode \"The Crossing\", Scott Lowell guest-starred as Michael Hicks, a delusional stalker who obsesses over a woman named Keri Derzmond, played by Bonnie Root. Mary-Margaret Humes guest-starred as Audrey Sawyer-Henson,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14383431", "score": "0.9631208", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Meredith Monroe", "text": "appearing only on the DVD extended-cut release). She is also known for her role in \"Criminal Minds\" as Haley Hotchner, Aaron Hotchner's wife. Monroe left the series after her character was murdered by a recurring villain, The Boston Reaper (C. Thomas Howell), in the 100th episode. In 2018, she joined the cast of \"13 Reasons Why\" in season two as Carolyn, the mother of Alex Standall. Meredith Monroe Meredith Monroe (born December 30, 1969) is an American actress best known for portraying Andie McPhee on \"Dawson's Creek\" from 1998 to 2003, and her recurring role as Haley Hotchner on \"Criminal", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3716421", "score": "0.96257436", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Alex Blake (Criminal Minds)", "text": "the plane ride home, and it is implied that she sends a text message to Hotch handing in her resignation. After taking Reid home, telling him about Ethan, and departing, Reid finds her FBI badge in his bag, and watches her leave, saddened but accepting, from his window. In the first episode of season 10 it was confirmed that she had left to return to teaching. Alex Blake (Criminal Minds) Dr. Alex Blake (née Miller) is a fictional character on the CBS crime drama \"Criminal Minds\", portrayed by Jeanne Tripplehorn. Blake first appeared in \"The Silencer\" - episode one of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18045372", "score": "0.9603062", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Brooke Smith (actress)", "text": "series because the writers did not find that the \"magic and chemistry\" that Smith's character had with Sara Ramirez's character, Callie Torres, would sustain in the long run. Smith has also had roles on \"\", \"\", \"\", \"Law & Order\", \"Criminal Minds\" and \"The Hunger\". In 2012, Smith also appeared in an episode of the second season of the FX TV series \"American Horror Story\". In 2015, she appeared as Frances Simpson on the Showtime drama series \"Ray Donovan\". As of spring 2017, Smith is appearing in the recurring role of Sheriff Jane Greene in the fifth and final season", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10394315", "score": "0.9602276", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "Ram Nath Kovind" ]

[ { "title": "President of India", "text": "being a member of parliament. The combined opposition, the NDA, hailed the move. The UPA chose to send the bill back to the president without any changes and, after 17 days, Kalam gave his assent on 18 August 2006. Arunachal Pradesh governor who was earlier appointed by the ruling party at the centre, has been sacked by the president after the supreme court has quashed his unconstitutional acts. There are two living former Indian presidents: President of India The President of the Republic of India is the ceremonial head of state of India and the commander-in-chief of the Indian Armed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1268016", "score": "0.95034933", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "President of India", "text": "President of India The President of the Republic of India is the ceremonial head of state of India and the commander-in-chief of the Indian Armed Forces. The president is indirectly elected by an electoral college comprising the Parliament of India (both houses) and the legislative assemblies of each of India's states and territories, who themselves are all directly elected. Although the of the Constitution of India states that the president can exercise his powers directly or by subordinate authority, with few exceptions, all of the executive powers vested in the president are, in practice, exercised by the prime minister (a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1267965", "score": "0.934494", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "S. K. Patil", "text": "S. K. Patil Sadashiv Kanoji Patil (abbreviated as S. K. Patil) (1898-1981) was a former Congress leader from Maharashtra. A veteran freedom-fighter, he was a qualified journalist, scholar and orator. He was thrice elected Mayor of Bombay and was known as \"the uncrowned king of Bombay\". He supported, assisted and nurtured a number of institutions, particularly in Mumbai and enriched the city culturally. He was the Member of Parliament from Bombay when it was part of the unified Bombay State. He was a Union Minister during the time of Jawaharlal Nehru, Lal Bahadur Shashtri and Indira Gandhi. Though a three-time", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13607783", "score": "0.92659193", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Kameshwar Singh", "text": "the President the Maithil Mahasabha from 1929–1962. He was lifetime president of Bihar Landholders' Association and also served as the President of the All-India Landholders' Association and Bengal Landholders' Association. Further, he was elected as the president of the Bihar United Party of pre-independence era. and guided its policy during the critical years of Agrarian disquiet in Bihar. He was the first person in India to get a bust of Mahatma Gandhi made, by celebrated artist Clare Sheridan, cousin of Winston Churchill. The bust was presented to the Viceroy of India, Lord Linlithgow, to be displayed in Government House (now", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17937993", "score": "0.92412704", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Government of India", "text": "cabinet. The president, as the head of state, also receives the credentials of ambassadors from other countries, whilst the prime minister, as head of government, receives credentials of high commissioners from other members of the Commonwealth, in line with historical tradition. The president is the \"de jure\" commander-in-chief of the Indian Armed Forces. The President of India can grant a pardon to or reduce the sentence of a convicted person for one time, particularly in cases involving punishment of death. The decisions involving pardoning and other rights by the president are independent of the opinion of the prime minister or", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2873137", "score": "0.9141308", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Jai Prakash Janta Dal", "text": "leadership went from Jai Narain Prasad Nishad to B.K. Singh in the year 2012. While in the year 2014 keeping the 16th Lok Sabha elections in mind, Pankaj Sahay was elected the National President of the Jai Prakash Janta Dal who is also serving as the current Party President. Pankaj Sahay is the son of veteran Political Leader of Janata Dal Kailashpati Ranjan Sahay who was a close associate of Jayaprakash Narayan and V.P. Singh the 7th Prime Minister of India and is known for his active role in the popular JP Movement which took place in Bihar in 1974.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18040742", "score": "0.913801", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Ajay Singh (diplomat)", "text": "1989. He was minister of state for railways in the Indian government in 1989 and 1990. On 14 July 2005, he was also appointed as the High Commissioner of India to the Government of Tuvalu. === Ajay Singh elected as the President of All India On 30 March 2013 from 11.00 am to 4.00 pm.The Akhil Bharatiya Jat Maha Sammelan held at Mavalankar Hall in Vitthal Bhai Patel House at Rafi Marg New Delhi. This was venue where earlier historical Akhil Bharatiya Jat Maha Sammelan took place and Ch. Dara Singh was elected President for All India Jat Mahasabha. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9692813", "score": "0.91211224", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "A. P. J. Abdul Kalam", "text": "11th president of the Republic of India in an easy victory, and moved into the Rashtrapati Bhavan after he was sworn in on 25 July. Kalam was the third President of India to have been honoured with a Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour, before becoming the President. Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1954) and Dr Zakir Hussain (1963) were the earlier recipients of Bharat Ratna who later became the President of India. He was also the first scientist and the first bachelor to occupy Rashtrapati Bhawan. During his term as president, he was affectionately known as the \"People's President\", saying that", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "729871", "score": "0.9113951", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Times Now", "text": "Times Now Times Now is a 24-hour English news channel in India owned and operated by The Times Group. The channel launched on 23 January 2006. It is a Pay television throughout India. Times Now is a Pay television throughout India except in CAS Areas of Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata and Chennai. Rahul Shivshankar is the editor-in-chief of the channel. Along with the other Times group channels (Zoom, ET Now and Movies Now), Times Now is distributed by Media Network and Distribution (India) Ltd (MNDIL), which is a joint venture between The Times Group and Yogesh Radhakrishnan, a cable and satellite", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8685204", "score": "0.9109169", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "List of Presidents of India", "text": "On 25 July 2017, Ram Nath Kovind took office as the 14th President of India.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "President of India", "text": "India. However, later, V.V Giri resigned from both posts (Acting President of India and Vice-President of India) as he became a candidate in the 1969 Presidential election in India. In this event, the then Chief Justice of India, Justice Mohammad Hidayatullah served as the acting President of India until the next President was elected. The President's role as defender of the constitution and the powers as Head of State, especially in relation to those exercised by the prime minister as leader of the government, have changed over time. In particular, Presidents have made a number of interventions into government and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1268011", "score": "0.9089558", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar", "text": "Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar (27 November 1888 – 27 February 1956) popularly known as Dadasaheb was an independence activist, the President (from 1946 to 1947) of the Central Legislative Assembly, then Speaker of the Constituent Assembly of India, and later the first Speaker of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. His son Purushottam Mavalankar was later elected to the Lok Sabha twice from Gujarat. Mavalankar hailed from a Marathi family but lived and worked in Ahmedabad, former capital of Gujarat. His family originally belonged to Mavalange in Ratnagiri district of Bombay Presidency in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6429491", "score": "0.9069476", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Moirang", "text": "help of Manipuris like Shri Mairembam Koireng Singh and others who were members of the INA. The INA Museum at Moirang displays some wartime relics and photographs. Netaji Subhash Chand Bose, himself hoisted the first time Tricolour flag of Indian Independence on 30 December 1943 in Jimkhana Club Port Blair.In which time Netaji Subhash Chand Bose was commander in Chief of INA and Hon. President of Indian Government which recommended (मान्यताप्राप्त) by 18 countries. Mairembam Koireng Singh was the first elected Chief Minister of Manipur. He was elected as Chief Minister of Manipur thrice. The Month long Lai Haraoba festival", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4350823", "score": "0.9030589", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Modern School (New Delhi)", "text": "Indian politics, bureaucracy, and judiciary, these include Sanjay Kishen Kaul, former Chief Justice of the Madras High Court, Madan Lokur, Supreme Court Judge, Mukul Rohatgi, former Attorney General of India, Neeraj Kishen Kaul, former Additional Solicitor General of India, Gopal Krishna Gandhi, Governor of West Bengal and Bihar, Vinod Dixit, IAS Officer and husband of former Chief Minister of Delhi Sheila Dikshit, Sandeep Dixit, Member of Parliament, Kamlesh Sharma, Indian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom, and Amitabh Kant, Chairman of the Delhi-Mumbai Industrial Corridor project. In the defence services, Modern Alumni include S.K. Mehra and P.C. Lal, both former", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6009144", "score": "0.90218645", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "K. Kamaraj", "text": "K. Kamaraj Kumaraswami Kamaraj (15 July 1903 – 2 October 1975), was a leader of the Indian National Congress (INC), widely acknowledged as the \"Kingmaker\" in Indian politics during the 1960s. He served as INC president for two terms i.e. four years between 1964–1967 and was responsible for the elevation of Lal Bahadur Shastri to the position of Prime Minister of India after Nehru's death and Indira Gandhi after Shastri's death. Kamaraj was the 3rd Chief Minister of Madras State (Tamil Nadu) during 1954–1963 and a Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha during 1952–1954 and 1969–1975. He was known for his", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12688682", "score": "0.9002033", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Swearing-in ceremony of Narendra Modi", "text": "Singh, former Presidents A. P. J. Abdul Kalam and Pratibha Patil, Vice President Hamid Ansari, Congress president Sonia Gandhi were among those who participated. Chief Ministers of all states in India were invited to attend the event. Among them, the Chief Minister of Karnataka, Siddaramaiah (INC) and Chief Minister of Kerala, Oommen Chandy (INC) could not attend the ceremony due to their prior engagements though they gave their best wishes. Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, J. Jayalalithaa (AIADMK), whose party had won the third highest number of seats in the election also declined to attend the event, while Chief Minister", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18064998", "score": "0.8977991", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Pranab Mukherjee", "text": "of India. After being administered the oath of office, he said we are amidist of fourth world war of terror and what minutes of peace can achieve cannot be achieved in many years of war. Congress President Sonia Gandhi and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh both congratulated Pranab Mukherjee on his election as President. Former Communist leader Somnath Chatterjee termed Mukherjee as one of \"the best parliamentarians and statesmen of India\" and said the country \"has got the most able man for the top job\". Opposition leader Sharad Yadav declared \"the nation needed a president like Pranab Mukherjee.\" Delhi Chief Minister", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3154448", "score": "0.89730585", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Vidya Stokes", "text": "a social worker. She is the daughter-in-law of noted social worker Satyananda Stokes (an American settled in India), who later became a pioneer in horticulture in Himachal Pradesh. She has two daughters who live in the U.S. Vidya Stokes at the age of 83 was elected Hockey India president on 5 August 2010 after defeating Pargat Singh. Vidya Stokes's nomination was initially in violation of the age stipulation of 70 in the government guidelines. She was a nominated member of All India Congress Committee, 1976. She was appointed as General Secretary of Pradesh Congress Committee, 1977. She was the chairperson", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14321432", "score": "0.89563704", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "President of India", "text": "chiefly ceremonial. The president may also send and receive diplomats, i.e. the officers from the Indian Foreign Service. The president is the first citizen of the country. The president is the Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces. The president can declare war or conclude peace, on the advice of the Union Council of Ministers headed by the prime minister. All important treaties and contracts are made in the President's name. As mentioned in of the Indian constitution, the president is empowered with the powers to grant pardons in the following situations: The decisions involving pardoning and other rights by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1267981", "score": "0.89562", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Nandyal", "text": "the only person to be elected President of India unopposed, fought the Lok Sabha election from Nandyal constituency as a Janata Party candidate. He was the only non-Congress candidate to get elected from Andhra Pradesh in that Loksabha elections. He was unanimously elected Speaker of the Lok Sabha on 26 March 1977. Bhuma Brahmananda Reddy from TDP is the current MLA of Nandyal. S. P. Y. Reddy is serving as the member of parliament (MP) from Nandyal (Lok Sabha constituency). As mentioned and listed above, Nandyal is surrounded by nine bull temples known as the \"Nava Nandi\". \"Sri Yaganti Uma", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6812581", "score": "0.894498", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Pratibha Patil", "text": "Pratibha Patil Pratibha Devisingh Patil (born 19 December 1934) is an Indian politician who served as the 12th President of India from 2007 to 2012. A member of the Indian National Congress, Patil is the only woman to hold the office. She previously served as the Governor of Rajasthan from 2004 to 2007. Pratibha Patil is the daughter of Narayan Rao Patil. She was born on 19 December 1934 in the village Nadgaon of Bodwad taluka in the Jalgaon district of Maharashtra, India. Her mother tongue is Marathi. She received her M.A. degree in Political Science and Economics from University", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8063231", "score": "0.89383954", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "K. R. Narayanan", "text": "of Gandhiji. Our President of whom the whole country is proud of, is from a very poor and downtrodden family and today he has endowed the Rashtrapati Bhavan with a new pride and respect. It is a matter of further happiness that the President has a very high place among the intellectuals of this country. This is a feather in the cap of our democracy that the backward sections of the society today are attaining their rightful place in society. All the countrymen today whether they are from minorities, scheduled castes [Dalits], or scheduled tribes [Adivasis] -- are working unitedly", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "978188", "score": "0.8934181", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Rajiv Gandhi", "text": "by a suicide bomber from the LTTE. His widow Sonia became the president of the Congress party in 1998 and led the party to victory in the 2004 and 2009 parliamentary elections. His son Rahul is a Member of Parliament and the current President of Indian National Congress. In 1991 the Indian government posthumously awarded Gandhi the Bharat Ratna, the country's highest civilian award. At the India Leadership Conclave in 2009, the \"Revolutionary Leader of Modern India\" award was conferred posthumously on Gandhi. Rajiv Gandhi was born in Bombay on 20 August 1944 to Indira and Feroze Gandhi. In 1951,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "353823", "score": "0.8922038", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "V. V. Giri", "text": "V. V. Giri Varahagiri Venkata Giri (10 August 1894 – 24 June 1980), commonly known as V. V. Giri, was the fourth president of India from 24 August 1969 to 24 August 1974. As president, Giri was the only person to be elected as an independent candidate. He was succeeded by Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed as president in 1974. After the end of his full term, Giri was honoured by the Government of India with the Bharat Ratna in 1975. Giri died on 24 June 1980. His great grandson V. Giri Shankar is an Advocate of the Madras High Court, Chennai.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1959782", "score": "0.8890237", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Italians in India", "text": "some in Chennai. The most famous Italian in India is Sonia Gandhi, born in Lusiana near Veneto (northern Italy) as Antonia Maino and now President of the Indian National Congress Sonia Gandhi married into the influential Nehru-Gandhi family and is the daughter-in-law of former Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi and the widow of former Prime Minister of India Rajiv Gandhi. After the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi in 1991, she initially shunned politics, only to be elected as the leader of the INC in 1998. In September 2010, on being re-elected for the fourth time, she became the longest serving", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15599635", "score": "0.8880292", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "President of India", "text": "subordinate authority) with the help of the Council of Ministers. The president is bound by the constitution to act on the advice of the prime minister and cabinet as long as the advice is not violating the constitution. India achieved independence from the British on 15 August 1947, initially as a dominion within the Commonwealth of Nations with George VI as king, represented in the country by a governor-general. Still, following this, the Constituent Assembly of India, under the leadership of B.R.Ambedkar, undertook the process of drafting a completely new constitution for the country. The Constitution of India was eventually", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1267966", "score": "0.8874414", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Chandrama Devi Agrahari", "text": "to present, she is incumbent president, representing Amethi Nagar Panchayat of state Uttar Pradesh. Chandrama Devi is also a director and authorized representative of Rajesh Masala from 13 February 2004 and Rajesh Milk Private Limited from 26 April 2012, registered with Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA). Chandrama Devi Agrahari Chandrama Devi Agrahari is a twice time elected president of Amethi Nagar Panchayat of Uttar Pradesh, India. She is wife of industrialist and Samajwadi Party leader Rajesh Agrahari. In November 2013, she was won Nagar Panchayat election as an independent candidate from Amethi constituency by margin 2085 votes, defeated nearest candidate", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17845405", "score": "0.88426024", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Kaderbad Narasinga Rao", "text": "at Nandyal Railway Station. During this meeting, he brought the problems of the people in this region to the Prime Minister's attention. He also played host to Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (who was later to become President of India,1962–67) and V. V. Giri, (who was later to become President of India, 1969–74) when they visited Nandyal. He hosted several top national and state leaders in his house. Some of these leaders included: Freedom fighter Syed Biyabani (later served as Member of Legislative Assembly); Kallur Subba Rao (freedom fighter); Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu (Chief Minister of Madras and later Andhra Pradesh); Tenneti Viswanadham", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19420645", "score": "0.88384193", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Himmatsinhji M. K.", "text": "in US for his treatment and Yuvraj Madansinhji was in Delhi. Himmatsinhji, who was at the time a student, hoisted both the flags of Kutch and of India on 15 August 1947, in the grounds of Gangaba Sahib Middle School at Bhuj. He married Princess Padmini Kumari, daughter of Maharaja Pratapsinhji Jhala of Wankaner in 1951. After independence of India, he represented Kutch constituency in 3rd Lok Sabha, for the years 1962–67, as a member of Swatantra Party which won over the rival Congress party. He was also President of local caste body of Rajputs – Sri Cutch Rajput Sabha,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17378032", "score": "0.88244617", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Rahul Gandhi", "text": "the Congress in December 2017. He is also a trustee of Rajiv Gandhi Foundation and Rajiv Gandhi Charitable Trust. Gandhi was born in Delhi on 19 June 1970, as the first of the two children of Rajiv Gandhi, who later became the Prime Minister of India, and Italian-born Sonia Gandhi, who later became President of Indian National Congress, and as the grandson of the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. His paternal grandfather Feroze Gandhi was a Parsi from Gujarat. He is also the great-grandson of India's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru. Priyanka Vadra is his younger sister and Robert Vadra", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2057268", "score": "0.87949854", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "creative reasons" ]

[ { "title": "Kevin Can Wait", "text": "Donna has died, and the series' new female lead is Vanessa Cellucci (Leah Remini), Kevin's former rival on the force and now his partner at their new security company, Monkey Fist Security. While the first season focused on Kevin's personal and family life, the second concerns his new profession, his relationship with Vanessa, and his adjustment to life as a single parent. \"Kevin Can Wait\" was cancelled by CBS on May 12, 2018, after two seasons and 48 episodes. Kevin Gable is a newly retired Nassau County police officer living in Massapequa, New York, on Long Island, with his wife", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19510254", "score": "1.0379444", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Kevin Malone", "text": "the reasons they were looking forward to the return of the show in fall 2007. Kevin is of Irish descent as stated in \"The Podcast\". Kevin did not grow up around Scranton, as stated in \"The Delivery\". Kevin received a job as an accountant at Dunder Mifflin after applying for a job in the warehouse because Michael Scott had \"a feeling about him.\" Kevin was engaged to a woman named Stacey, who has a daughter named Abby. Stacey was the fourth woman to whom Kevin proposed, but the first to say yes, and he was very happy, though he secretly", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9169425", "score": "1.0170643", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Kevin Webster", "text": "out, but after a desperate plea from Sophie, Sally allows Kevin to stay for Christmas Day. On New Year's Eve, Kevin accepts the fact that Jack is his son and that his family don't want him around. He leaves Coronation Street, returning a week later only to find Tyrone leaving his house and confronts him. Sally tells Kevin that her life is no longer his business, making Kevin and Tyrone fight. Kevin tells Sally that he is filing for divorce and is putting the house on the market. Kevin and Sally agree a truce but when Kevin suggests they reconcile", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5591580", "score": "1.007752", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Kevin Malone", "text": "their coworkers. Kevin suffers a series of setbacks during the season. In the episode \"Money\", Kevin announces that has split from the band \"Scrantonicity\" and formed \"Scrantonicity II\". However, none of his coworkers come to support his new band. He also reveals in the episode \"The Chair Model\" that he and his fiancée Stacy have ended their engagement. Also, Kevin, along with all of the other Dunder Mifflin employees (except for Michael) are made to park in a satellite parking lot, which angers all of them. Kevin is one of the most distraught, and he teams up with Andy in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9169439", "score": "1.0004094", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Kevin Walker (Brothers & Sisters)", "text": "up, but Scotty's boss fired him for putting his personal life before the job. Kevin threatened the boss with an anti-discrimination lawsuit unless he agreed to rehire Scotty, with a bigger salary. Kevin and Scotty made up. When Kevin found out the family ranch house was about to be sold, he and Scotty decided to go for a weekend visit, not realizing the rest of his family had had the same idea. During the weekend, Kevin's brother Tommy, who had recently discovered his sterility, asked Kevin for his sperm in order to father a child with Tommy's wife Julia. Kevin", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9691184", "score": "0.9952158", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Natalie Barnes", "text": "Kevin starts an affair with Molly Dobbs (Vicky Binns). Molly's husband Tyrone (Alan Halsall) tells Molly about Kevin's past affairs, saying that Natalie was the biggest of them all but he and Sally would always end up back together. In 2000, it was reported that Denise Welch would leave the ITV soap at the end of the year as she was expecting a baby in March, but it is believed she had planned to leave the series anyway before learning of her pregnancy. Welch said: \"I am looking forward to being a mum again and spending some time with my", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10303585", "score": "0.9910692", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Kevin Fisher (The Young and the Restless)", "text": "he got what he wanted\". He stated: \"This life that has always seemed so appealing to him - a wife, he owns his own business, and is respected in the community. But he's had a moment to reflect and say, 'Wait a second, is that it?' I think it seems kind of complacent and boring to him, and again, it's fighting the urges of his past versus what he knows is the right thing to do. And let's be real—if he stopped being who he was, people might like him, but eventually they'd grow tired of watching Kevin just pour", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8150864", "score": "0.98400074", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Kevin Can Wait", "text": "Kevin Can Wait Kevin Can Wait is an American sitcom television series starring Kevin James. The series premiered on September 19, 2016. The series marked James' second starring role in a CBS sitcom, after \"The King of Queens\", which ran from 1998 until 2007. On March 23, 2017, CBS renewed the series for a second season, which premiered on September 25, 2017, and concluded on May 7, 2018. The series began with James starring as a recently retired Nassau County, New York police officer and father of three, married to Donna (Erinn Hayes). Beginning with season two, the character of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19510253", "score": "0.980576", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Kevin Can Wait", "text": "actress' performance. In August 2017, it was reported Hayes' character would be killed off before season two began and the season will take place 7–10 months after season one ended, in order to make room for Remini. On May 12, 2018, it was announced that CBS officially cancelled \"Kevin Can Wait\". A combination of factors, including declining ratings, CBS's desire to have an ownership stake, and the network needing to clear space for three new sitcoms in the fall 2018 schedule, led to the show's demise. During the first season, \"Kevin Can Wait\" received generally negative reviews from critics. On", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19510262", "score": "0.98013043", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Kevin Can Wait", "text": "to a series regular starting with Season 2; shortly after, it was announced that Erinn Hayes would not be returning for the show's second season. Sources cited in a Variety article confirmed that Remini would be returning as Detective Vanessa Cellucci, the character she portrayed in the first-season finale, and that Hayes' dismissal was for creative reasons and \"not a reflection\" of the actress' performance. In August 2017, it was reported Hayes' character will be killed off before season two begins and the season will take place 7–10 months after season one ended, in order to make room for Remini.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Kevin Malone", "text": "Kevin has butchered the routine. Kevin is the winner of the \"Don't Go In There After Me\" award at the 8th Annual Dundie Awards (a reference to his bathroom odor). This is referenced again later when he is seen coming out of the men's room with a lit scented candle. His favorite games to play at work are a paper football game which he and Oscar call \"Hateball\" (because Angela hates it), and \"How Many M&M's Can You Put In Your Mouth?\" (Angela points out that only he plays this). Kevin's relationship with Stacey begins this season. Kevin is despondent", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9169434", "score": "0.97719425", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Kevin Malone", "text": "his abrupt dismissal from Dunder Mifflin that he tries to conceal by unnatural cheerfulness and generosity. When Pam, Erin, and Jim reassure Andy that he would be all right, Kevin says that he would not be. Kevin also concludes that he feels like everyone he works with is an idiot. At the end of the episode, Kevin is revealed to have adopted a dog, Ruby. The way he describes Ruby's behavior makes his coworkers think that the dog is dead. In fact, Ruby is alive, albeit very old and feeble, or at the least, very lazy. In \"The Boat\", Kevin", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9169481", "score": "0.97125846", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Kevin Wicks", "text": "until Kevin orders her to leave them alone. Shirley refuses and follows them to Walford in January 2007, and reveals her true identity, causing problems. When Kevin tries to make her leave, Shirley threatens to tell her children that Kevin is not their father. The truth eventually comes out and both Carly and Deano shun Kevin. Deano eventually forgives Kevin for lying, but Carly will not. Devastated, Kevin leaves Walford, not telling anyone where he is going and is missing for several months, it is later confirmed he is alive after bank records show he emptied his account in Hastings.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6198850", "score": "0.96543884", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Kevin Malone", "text": "is mentally challenged and that he got his job at Dunder Mifflin through a special program. Holly pays special attention to Kevin, praising him for being able to drive a car and helping him decipher how to choose a snack from the vending machine. Kevin, however, interprets Holly's frequent praise and breathy condescension as sexual interest in him. At the beginning of \"Weight Loss\", the season premiere, HR rep Holly still believes Kevin is mentally challenged. However, after Holly steps in when Angela berates Kevin over a mistake he made, the truth comes out and Holly is obviously embarrassed. In", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9169442", "score": "0.9624425", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Kevin Malone", "text": "camera that he has cooked his way through the Julia Child book and now is halfway through the Twilight Cookbook. Michael sets Kevin up with Erin but when Erin tells Michael that she likes Andy, not Kevin, Michael ends up telling Kevin that Erin never liked him and he should not have taken Michael's prior comments about her being interested in him seriously. In \"New Leads\" Dwight tries to choke Kevin because he hid the leads, which he threw in the trashcan. In \"Happy Hour\" Kevin makes baby sounds to Pam in hopes of causing her breasts to secrete milk,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9169449", "score": "0.96039206", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Kevin Buchanan", "text": "made his final guest appearances in March, May and November 2010. Gauthier reappeared again during the series finale week on September 13, 2012. In 2007, Gauthier was nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award in the category of Outstanding Supporting Actor for his portrayal of a livid Kevin in confrontation with wife Kelly (Heather Tom) at the revelation of her romantic bonding with his son Duke Buchanan. Kevin is born on-screen September 12, 1976, to Joe and Victoria \"Viki\" Lord Riley, but he is soon kidnapped by his uncle Tony Lord's wife, Cathy Craig Lord. Cathy loses touch with reality after", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9419960", "score": "0.95635974", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Kevin Can Wait", "text": "Donna, daughters Kendra and Sara, and son Jack. He looks forward to a carefree early retirement hanging out with his friends, who are also retired officers: Goody, Duffy, and Mott. However, Kevin soon realizes his smaller pension paycheck and family challenges will put those plans on hold. His elder daughter Kendra, who was away at college, moves back into town with her unemployed fiancé, Chale, and they begin living in the home's garage; Sara is becoming increasingly difficult, with anger-management issues; and youngest son Jack is a hypochondriac who sees the school therapist for anxiety-related issues. During the first season,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19510255", "score": "0.9563293", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Greg Rikaart", "text": "that he would be exiting the soap with his last taping date to be the following month. However, on August 3, the official Twitter account for \"The Young and the Restless\" confirmed Rikaart was back taping. In September, \"Entertainment Weekly\" reported that Rikaart was back for a 2-week stint. In June 2013, Rikaart revealed that he was in a committed relationship with writer Robert Sudduth.<ref name=\"Stairway to Kevin.../\">\"Stairway to Kevin\". \"Soap Opera Digest\". June 24, 2013. p. 37.</ref> Rikaart posted a photograph with his boyfriend captioned, \"Not getting married anytime soon, but celebrating #equality tonight nonetheless\", in response to the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5555028", "score": "0.9512755", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Scotty Wandell", "text": "as Olivia walks in the room and asks, \"Whose baby is that?\" (Season 5, episode: \"An Ideal Husband\") – Scotty comes clean with Kevin, explaining that he had an affair with a man, although careful not to mention his name or occupation. After a brief period of not talking and with Kevin sleeping on the couch, their marriage seems to be on the verge of failure, despite the fact Kevin's mother Nora Walker and sister Kitty Walker try to convince him otherwise. On the night of Nora's charity event, Kevin nicknames a waiter \"rob\" and leaves, before his brother Justin", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11967032", "score": "0.9477896", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "The Boat (The Office)", "text": "house. Dwight calls David and tries to talk him into surrendering to the police. David is confused but nonetheless responds in a way that leads Dwight to believe he was successful. He emerges from the break room and is greeted by a round of applause from his coworkers. Kevin Malone (Brian Baumgartner) overhears Oscar Martinez (Oscar Nunez) confessing to the camera that he is having an affair with Angela's (Angela Kinsey) husband Robert Lipton (Jack Coleman). Oscar makes Kevin promise not to reveal anything. During the day, Angela constantly makes unconscious double entendres and foreshadowing, sorely tempting Kevin to let", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16856939", "score": "0.9477053", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Kevin Malone", "text": "to, but decides against in respect to Jim and Pam. When Andy and Kevin tell him why they will not be able to make it, Danny tells them he'll talk to Jim and Pam (since Andy and Kevin exaggerated by saying they begged them not to go), and Kevin warns him not to tell them they said anything, or Danny's \"dead\". Kevin also strikes up a friendship with Gabe, telling him about some Lady Gaga moves he could do for the costume catwalk, but is wrongly yelled at by Michael, who believed Kevin was going over his head to Gabe", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9169455", "score": "0.9472779", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Kevin Webster", "text": "for Sally to emerge from her coma, Sophie thanks Kevin for stopping the civil partnership. A few days later, Sally returns from hospital and admits she is grateful to Kevin. In February 2013, Kevin helps Tyrone escape with his daughter behind Kirsty Soames' back. Kevin is later questioned by the police. In late March, Sally tells neighbours that Kevin has had to leave because his father is ill and Pam cannot cope on her own. On Monday 17 March, Sally announces that Bill has recovered and that Kevin will be returning later in the week, with his son Jack. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5591598", "score": "0.94514203", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Robin Scherbatsky", "text": "Kevin (Kal Penn). They start dating shortly after. Their relationship is tested when Robin cheats on him with Barney, and she decides to break up with Kevin. She changes her mind when Kevin tells her how much he cares for her, and they stay together. After Kevin proposes to her, Robin thinks she is ready to settle down, but he ultimately takes back his proposal when she says that she is unable and unwilling to have children. In the seventh season, Robin discovers that she is unable to have children. Although she had always believed she did not want to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9429860", "score": "0.9419547", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Kevin Malone", "text": "on his feet to Jim and Pam's wedding (after the hotel staff throws out his shoes instead of shining them claiming the horrible smell coming from them was a \"safety issue\"). In the episode \"Mafia\", Kevin inadvertently causes Jim's credit card to get canceled while he and Pam are on their honeymoon in Puerto Rico. He answers Jim's phone and pretends to be Jim while hanging out in Jim's office causing the bank teller to think Jim is in Scranton and the honeymoon trip was an incident of identity theft. In \"Koi Pond\" Kevin dresses up as Paul Blart. In", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9169447", "score": "0.9413284", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "The Boat (The Office)", "text": "out what he knows. Afraid that Kevin cannot keep his secret, Oscar tries to frame Kevin so that Toby Flenderson (Paul Lieberstein) will have him fired, but confesses to Toby that he lied. Later, Robert visits the office, and Oscar acts unnaturally nervous around him. Before Angela's suspicions can be aroused, Kevin interrupts to cheer Robert on about his upcoming election. Oscar says to the camera that he is proud of how Kevin kept the secret, but Kevin then reveals that he momentarily forgot all about the secret, and begins to laugh uncontrollably. \"The Boat\" was written by executive producer", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16856940", "score": "0.94044024", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Kevin Wicks", "text": "crash on 31 December 2007. He is last seen in the next episode which was broadcast on 1 January 2008, when his wife Denise Fox (Diane Parish) goes to visit his corpse. Kevin married Shirley Carter (Linda Henry) and had one son with her named Jimbo (Lloyd Richards), who had cystic fibrosis. Shirley had several affairs while married to Kevin and became pregnant twice; Kevin was not their father. Kevin brought Shirley's children, Carly (Kellie Shirley) and Deano (Matt Di Angelo), up as his own. However, Shirley found parenting tough; she abandoned Kevin in 1989, leaving him a single parent.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6198847", "score": "0.9394105", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Kevin Wicks", "text": "they realize they are attracted to each other and start dating but Kevin struggles to cope with Denise's temper but he begins to see a more vulnerable side, convincing him to persevere. It is a volatile romance and Denise ends it several times so Kevin is pursued by Elaine Jarvis (Siân Reeves). However, Kevin supports Denise through the abuse of her ex-husband Owen Turner (Lee Ross), so the couple reunite and move in together. In late 2006, the Wicks family go on holiday to Dorset. Kevin's ex-wife, Shirley, finds them and tries to reunite with her children, Deano and Carly,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6198849", "score": "0.9388423", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Happy Hour (The Office)", "text": "he tells Angela he is canceling the contract, prompting Angela to get a summons to court. When she confronts Dwight about the contract in front of Isabel, Isabel \"whacks\" Angela on the head and scares her off. Dwight gives Isabel a passionate kiss afterward. On a couple of occasions, Kevin indulges his bad-taste humor by making baby-crying noises near Pam, hoping to embarrass her by making her nipples leak. It does not work, but later when Kelly (Mindy Kaling) comes past weeping, it suddenly does. Oscar is upset that Matt didn't show up with the rest of them, prompting Darryl", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14354790", "score": "0.93394816", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Kevin Can Wait", "text": "20 series \"Dancing with the Stars\" and \"The Voice\". The series also performs well in the much-coveted 18-49 demographic, ranking as the fifth-highest rated program on CBS in that category. The Complete First Season was released on DVD on September 5, 2017, by Sony Pictures Television. Kevin Can Wait Kevin Can Wait is an American sitcom television series starring Kevin James. The series premiered on September 19, 2016. The series marked James' second starring role in a CBS sitcom, after \"The King of Queens\", which ran from 1998 until 2007. On March 23, 2017, CBS renewed the series for a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19510268", "score": "0.93305486", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Kevin Fisher (The Young and the Restless)", "text": "love with her while on the run. Meanwhile, Anglina's mobster father, Angelo, sent a goon, Dino, to find them and kill Kevin. Angelina told her father over the phone that she and Kevin were getting married. Kevin and Angelina were forced into marrying each other in front of Dino in order to save Kevin's life. Back in Genoa City, Kevin told Chloe why he had to leave her at the altar. He lets her know that there was never any doubt in his mind about their relationship whatsoever, that she is the one he wants to be with, not Angelina.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8150884", "score": "0.9320952", "original_retrieval_index": 28 } ]

[ "September 13, 2012" ]

[ { "title": "Glee: The Music, Volume 4", "text": "Glee: The Music, Volume 4 Glee: The Music, Volume 4 is the fifth soundtrack album by the cast of the musical television series \"Glee\", which airs on Fox in the United States. It was released on November 26, 2010, by Columbia Records and features cover version performances from the first half of the second season. Executive production was handled by Dante Di Loreto and Brad Falchuk and all tracks were released as singles. It was nominated for a Grammy Award (2011) in the Best Compilation Soundtrack for Visual Media category. The album's tracks constitute performances from eight of the first", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15044546", "score": "1.0719774", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Glee: The Music, Season 4, Volume 1", "text": "Glee: The Music, Season 4, Volume 1 Glee: The Music, Season 4, Volume 1 is the thirteenth soundtrack album by the cast of the American musical television series \"Glee\". It features 13 songs from the fourth season. It was released on November 27, 2012 through Columbia Records. The first soundtrack release for the show's fourth season, \"Glee: The Music, Season 4, Volume 1\" features songs from the season premiere, \"The New Rachel\", through to the eighth episode, \"Thanksgiving\" (on the standard edition), or the ninth, \"Swan Song\" (on the deluxe edition). The deluxe edition, only released digitally, features vocals from", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16892787", "score": "1.0679772", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Glee (season 5)", "text": "Glee (season 5) The fifth season of the Fox musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\" was commissioned on April 19, 2013, along with a sixth season. It premiered on September 26, 2013, as part of the 2013 fall season. After a winter break, it returned on February 25, 2014, moving to Tuesday nights to finish its season. The second part of the season featured the 100th episode of the series, the 12th episode of the season, which aired on March 18, 2014. It was shorter than previous seasons, with twenty episodes instead of twenty-two. The series features the New Directions glee", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17239458", "score": "1.0593503", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Glee (season 5)", "text": "(DVR) viewers fell considerably, relative to previous seasons. While season 4 saw the first viewership numbers below 6 million for an episodes, season 5 saw the first viewership numbers to fall below 2 million an episode. \"Glee: The Complete Fifth Season\" was released on January 6, 2015 in DVD, with 6-set discs. The Blu-ray release hasn't been announced yet. Glee (season 5) The fifth season of the Fox musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\" was commissioned on April 19, 2013, along with a sixth season. It premiered on September 26, 2013, as part of the 2013 fall season. After a winter", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17239473", "score": "1.0485909", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Glee: The Music, Season 4, Volume 1", "text": "recurring guest stars Kate Hudson and Sarah Jessica Parker. Although the album is titled \"Volume 1\", a second volume for Season 4 was never released. Glee: The Music, Season 4, Volume 1 Glee: The Music, Season 4, Volume 1 is the thirteenth soundtrack album by the cast of the American musical television series \"Glee\". It features 13 songs from the fourth season. It was released on November 27, 2012 through Columbia Records. The first soundtrack release for the show's fourth season, \"Glee: The Music, Season 4, Volume 1\" features songs from the season premiere, \"The New Rachel\", through to the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16892788", "score": "1.0474454", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Glee: The Music, Volume 4", "text": "to land at second. Information is based on the album’s Liner notes Information is taken from Liner notes Glee: The Music, Volume 4 Glee: The Music, Volume 4 is the fifth soundtrack album by the cast of the musical television series \"Glee\", which airs on Fox in the United States. It was released on November 26, 2010, by Columbia Records and features cover version performances from the first half of the second season. Executive production was handled by Dante Di Loreto and Brad Falchuk and all tracks were released as singles. It was nominated for a Grammy Award (2011) in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15044554", "score": "1.0441933", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Glee (season 4)", "text": "of the just-graduated characters to New York, and will be set at a performing arts school (NYADA) there. The Ohio portion of the show will feature a number of new characters. Co-creator Ryan Murphy has confirmed that all regular cast members from the third season will be returning to the show for its fourth season, though \"it doesn't mean everyone will be doing 22 episodes\". Fox announced on May 14, 2012, that \"Glee\" would be moving to Thursday nights at 9 pm ET for the fourth season. Episodes aired after that evening's 8 pm ET music competition \"results\" shows—\"The X", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16425602", "score": "1.041509", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Lights Out (Glee)", "text": "and that the show is only favourable when it implements \"a happy, escapist fantasy\" and not when it \"..[makes] us cringe at poorly-handled personal trauma\" Lights Out (Glee) \"Lights Out\" is the twentieth episode of the fourth season of the American musical television series \"Glee\", and the eighty-sixth episode overall. Written by Ryan Murphy and directed by Paris Barclay, it aired on Fox in the United States on April 25, 2013, and features the return of special guest star Sarah Jessica Parker as Isabelle Wright. Glee club director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison) finds out that the lead singer of rival", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17202051", "score": "1.0397422", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Glee (season 4)", "text": "not in relationships. And I think with a lot of them we will be exploring that. Whether they break up or not, we’re really focused on giving them more individual stories.\" Season four of Glee began filming on Tuesday, July 24, 2012. A substantial amount of exterior shots depicting New York City will be shot on location in that city. Studio recording for the season began earlier, by July 19, 2012, with Jenna Ushkowitz and Heather Morris recording on that day. Fox credits fourteen main cast members for the season: Matthew Morrison as glee club director Will Schuester; Jane Lynch", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16425607", "score": "1.032319", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Glee (season 4)", "text": "The fourth season of the Fox musical comedy-drama television series Glee was commissioned on April 9, 2012. It premiered on September 13, 2012 and is produced by 20th Century Fox Television, Ryan Murphy Television and Brad Falchuk Teley-Vision with executive producers Dante Di Loreto and series co-creators Ryan Murphy, Brad Falchuk and Ian Brennan.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Dreams Come True (Glee)", "text": "Dreams Come True (Glee) \"Dreams Come True\" is the series finale of the American musical television series \"Glee\". It is also the 13th and final episode of the show's sixth season and the 121st episode overall. Written by the show's co-creators Ryan Murphy, Brad Falchuk, and Ian Brennan and directed by Bradley Buecker, it aired on Fox in the United States on March 20, 2015, along with the previous episode, \"2009\", as a special two-hour finale. The episode features the aftermath of New Directions' victory at the 2015 Nationals show choir competition, as changes are in store for both the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18591339", "score": "1.0308336", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Glee (season 4)", "text": "major characters, but several strong storylines help to compensate, and the songs are as strong as ever.\" As of April 19, 2013, after 19 of 22 episodes in the season, the season had averaged a 3.6/10 rating/share among adults 18-49 and 8.70 million viewers when counting live plus 7 Day (DVR) Ratings. \"Glee: The Complete Fourth Season\" was released on October 1, 2013 in DVD (with 6-set discs) and Blu-ray (with 4-set discs), and contains the special features; \"\"Glee\" Music Jukebox\", \"Movin' On Up: \"Glee\" in NYC\", \"Deleted Scenes\", \"Jarley\", \"Building New York\", \"\"Glee\" on Film\", \"The Road to 500\",", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16425614", "score": "1.0297945", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Dreams Come True (Glee)", "text": "a D, and stated the episode \"doesn't have coherent plotting. It's just a bunch of events.\" Miranda Wicker from \"TV Fanatic\" rated the episode four out of five stars, and stated \"It was all so perfect and perfectly Glee.\" Dreams Come True (Glee) \"Dreams Come True\" is the series finale of the American musical television series \"Glee\". It is also the 13th and final episode of the show's sixth season and the 121st episode overall. Written by the show's co-creators Ryan Murphy, Brad Falchuk, and Ian Brennan and directed by Bradley Buecker, it aired on Fox in the United States", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18591353", "score": "1.0193752", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Love, Love, Love (Glee)", "text": "Murphy intended, for better or for worse. It had to come back sometime, and instead of pulling off the bandage of grief upfront, \"Glee\" gave themselves a soft landing with a two-part season opener focused on the music of The Fab Four. While \"Glee\" has dabbled in the Beatles before, the hyper-focus special episode format keeps us feeling familiar, safe and generally upbeat as we transition into the brand new \"Glee\" world. An album was released on September 24, 2013 to coincide with the premiere of the episode, which features music from this episode and the episode \"Tina in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17489069", "score": "1.0191927", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Glee (season 3)", "text": "Glee (season 3) The third season of the musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\" was commissioned on May 23, 2010 by Fox while the first season aired. It aired between September 20, 2011 and May 22, 2012, and was produced by 20th Century Fox Television and Ryan Murphy Television, with executive producers Dante Di Loreto and series co-creators Ryan Murphy, Brad Falchuk and Ian Brennan. The series features the New Directions glee club at the fictional William McKinley High School in the town of Lima, Ohio. Season three follows the club competing on the show choir circuit, while its members and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15629977", "score": "1.0188177", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Glee (season 4)", "text": "to focus on her new NBC comedy \"The New Normal\", which she co-created with Murphy. On July 14, 2012, Glee attended the San Diego Comic-Con in California. Co-creator Brad Falchuk revealed that Damian McGinty (Rory) would not be returning in the fall but stated he could return in the spring. Falchuk announced that Vanessa Lengies (Sugar) and Samuel Larsen (Joe) would be returning. Falchuk also had aspirations to bring back Alex Newell (Wade) at some point during season four. Other season details include the following: Sue had her baby when season four commenced; episodes alternated between Ohio and New York,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16425604", "score": "1.0178103", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Glee (season 6)", "text": "lowest watched season premiere in the show's history, with a rating of 2.34 and in adults 18-49 the premiere scored a 0.7/2. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes the sixth season got a rating of 67% fresh based on 9 reviews. Glee (season 6) The sixth and final season of the Fox musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\" was commissioned on April 19, 2013, along with the fifth season, as part of a two-season renewal deal for the show on the Fox network. The final season, consisting of 13 episodes, premiered on Friday, January 9, 2015, with the first two", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17240181", "score": "1.0166358", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Dreams Come True (Glee)", "text": "Criss and is sung by Michele. \"I Lived\" by OneRepublic is sung by Michelle, Criss, Overstreet, Morrison, Riley, McHale, Colfer and Guthrie with all cast members in the chorus, and was the last song to be sung on the series after six seasons and over 700 musical performances. Accompanying the music from this episode, the EP \"Glee: The Music, Dreams Come True\" was released on March 17, 2015. It debuted on the \"Billboard\" 200 at number 63 on the chart dated April 4, 2015, with 8,000 units sold, the first \"Glee\" appearance there since April 12, 2014. Series regular Jenna", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18591349", "score": "1.0146993", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Glee: The Music, Volume 4", "text": "nine episodes of the season; the fifth, \"The Rocky Horror Glee Show\", received its own extended play in October 2010, \"\". The track listing for \"Glee: The Music, Volume 4\" was revealed on November 3, 2010, followed by the official press release on November 9, 2010. The album was preceded by \"\" on November 16, 2010, which accompanies a later Christmas episode. Actress Gwyneth Paltrow guest-starred on an episode performing \"Forget You\", the censored version of Cee Lo Green's 2010 single \"Fuck You\", which appears on the album. The series' cover versions received mixed reviews throughout the season. MTV News", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15044547", "score": "1.0141748", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "All or Nothing (Glee)", "text": "McKinley graduates without overshadowing the new faces—all of which, to be honest, still need some improvement. But season 4 was very much a transitional season, and when you look at it as such, the season did what it needed to do\". All or Nothing (Glee) \"All or Nothing\" is the twenty-second episode and season finale of the fourth season of the American musical television series \"Glee\", and the eighty-eighth episode overall. Written by Ian Brennan and directed by Bradley Buecker, it aired on Fox in the United States on May 9, 2013. Patty Duke and Meredith Baxter make their only", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17231428", "score": "1.0140724", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Glee (season 4)", "text": "much like McKinley High and Dalton Academy in Season 2; and Kurt (Chris Colfer) remained in Ohio before moving to New York. Brad Falchuk also revealed that Will (Matthew Morrison) and Emma (Jayma Mays) would still be engaged when the season began, and he went on to state there would be many new faces during the season, also commenting that Rachel would have a roommate and new friends in New York. Season four featured a teaming up of Coach Roz (NeNe Leakes) and Sue (Jane Lynch) to take down Principal Figgins (Iqbal Theba). On July 31, 2012, executive producer Murphy", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16425605", "score": "1.0089792", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Glee (season 4)", "text": "revealed on his Twitter account that the first group number of the season would be a cover of Adele's \"Chasing Pavements\". Murphy also tweeted that there would be an episode titled \"The Break-Up\" and a two-part Thanksgiving episode in which the Sectionals competition will take place. Murphy also stated that the show would be doing another Christmas episode this season. Executive producer Falchuk stated that season four will not revolve around relationships as much as past seasons, commenting, \"Relationships in general will be less of a focus this year, I personally think a lot of these characters are more interesting", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16425606", "score": "1.0057523", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Glee (season 5)", "text": "season premiere would air on September 26, one week after the original date, and filming would begin in early August. The season ultimately began shooting on August 5, 2013, a week later than originally planned, though studio recording and costume fittings for the cast began four days earlier. On July 20, 2013, Ryan Murphy stated in an interview that Monteith's character would die in the third episode of the season and that episodes one and two will be tribute episodes to the Beatles. Lea Michele, Monteith's girlfriend who also stars as Rachel Berry on the show, was involved in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17239463", "score": "1.0041639", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Glee (season 3)", "text": "\"Ginger Supremacists\" Extended Scene\". This was the first season to not have \"Volume\" releases. Glee (season 3) The third season of the musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\" was commissioned on May 23, 2010 by Fox while the first season aired. It aired between September 20, 2011 and May 22, 2012, and was produced by 20th Century Fox Television and Ryan Murphy Television, with executive producers Dante Di Loreto and series co-creators Ryan Murphy, Brad Falchuk and Ian Brennan. The series features the New Directions glee club at the fictional William McKinley High School in the town of Lima, Ohio. Season", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15629998", "score": "1.0032228", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Glee (season 5)", "text": "The series went on hiatus after the third episode, and resumed airing episodes after the baseball postseason. The season was nominated for one Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series. <onlyinclude> </onlyinclude> The season's production was set to begin in mid-July, with shooting commencing July 29, 2013. On July 18, 2013, it was announced the show would be going on a two-week hiatus while its writers and producers rewrote the storylines and figured out how to handle the death of Monteith's character, Finn Hudson. On July 19, 2013, Glee announced through their official Facebook fan page that the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17239462", "score": "0.99736536", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Glee (TV series)", "text": "20, 2011. The show's fourth season changed both date and time of broadcast: it moved to Thursdays in the 9:00 pm time slot, and aired after that evening's 8:00 pm music competition \"results\" shows—\"The X Factor\" in the fall and \"American Idol\" in midseason. The show was renewed for both a fifth and sixth season at the same time, on April 19, 2013. Reruns were also syndicated to local US stations from 2013 to 2015. \"Glee\" has been syndicated for broadcast in many countries worldwide, including Australia, where cast members visited to promote the show prior to its September 2009", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13018195", "score": "0.9962114", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Glee (season 6)", "text": "Glee (season 6) The sixth and final season of the Fox musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\" was commissioned on April 19, 2013, along with the fifth season, as part of a two-season renewal deal for the show on the Fox network. The final season, consisting of 13 episodes, premiered on Friday, January 9, 2015, with the first two episodes, and the last two episodes (functioning as a single series finale) aired on March 20, 2015. The series features the New Directions glee club at the fictional William McKinley High School (WMHS) in the town of Lima, Ohio, and some of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17240171", "score": "0.99487454", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Glee: The Music, Volume 4", "text": "Chart at number six. On the Australian Singles Chart, the album made its debut on December 6, 2010 at number three and has been certified gold for 35,000 units. In New Zealand, \"Volume 4\" debuted at number ten. All tracks have been released as singles, available for digital download throughout the season's airings from September through November 2010. All singles except \"Sway\" have charted on both the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and the Canadian Hot 100; the highest-charting of these was the cover of \"Teenage Dream\" at number eight and ten, respectively. The single sold 55,000 copies in its first day,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15044551", "score": "0.9941675", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Makeover (Glee)", "text": "Makeover (Glee) \"Makeover\" is the third episode of the fourth season of the American musical television series \"Glee\", and the sixty-ninth episode overall. Written by Ian Brennan and directed by Eric Stoltz, it aired on Fox in the United States on September 27, 2012. In the episode, Brittany (Heather Morris) and Blaine (Darren Criss) go head-to-head in a debate for student council president, while Kurt (Chris Colfer) lands an internship at Vogue.com and Rachel decides to give herself a makeover. The episode features the introduction of special guest star Sarah Jessica Parker as Isabelle Wright of Vogue.com. In Lima, Ohio,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16778187", "score": "0.9929774", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Movin' Out (Glee)", "text": "Movin' Out (Glee) \"Movin' Out\" is the sixth episode of the fifth season of the American musical television series \"Glee\", and the ninety-fourth episode overall. It was written by Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa and directed by Brad Falchuk, and it aired on Fox in the United States on November 21, 2013. The episode is a tribute to the music of Billy Joel, and features seven of his songs. The episode features special guest star Tyra Banks as Bichette, the head of a modeling agency. Glee club director Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison) finds out that Principal Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch) has organized a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17603141", "score": "0.9900025", "original_retrieval_index": 31 } ]

[ "the Soviet Union", "the United States" ]

[ { "title": "Eastern Bloc", "text": "the People's Republic of Azerbaijan and Republic of Mahabad (1946), as well as the Marxist-Leninist states straddling the Second and Third Worlds before the end of the Cold War: the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (from 1967), the People's Republic of the Congo (from 1969), the People's Republic of Benin, the People's Republic of Angola and People's Republic of Mozambique from 1975, the People's Revolutionary Government of Grenada from 1979 to 1983, the Derg/People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia from 1974, and the Somali Democratic Republic from 1969 until the Ogaden War in 1977. Many states were also accused by the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "953152", "score": "1.101998", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Cold War", "text": "Greek Civil War) and creating the NATO alliance. The Berlin Blockade (1948–49) was the first major crisis of the Cold War. With the victory of the Communist side in the Chinese Civil War and the outbreak of the Korean War (1950–53), the conflict expanded. The USSR and the USA competed for influence in Latin America and the decolonizing states of Africa and Asia. The Soviets suppressed the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. The expansion and escalation sparked more crises, such as the Suez Crisis (1956), the Berlin Crisis of 1961, and the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962, which was perhaps the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2141605", "score": "1.0978415", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Musa Gasimli", "text": "the concept that that the US and other Western countries were guilty for the Cold War dominated”. Now the “cold war” has ended. The main guilty party of this war, the Soviet empire, collapsed and the West was victorious. The issue of Azerbaijan became one of the most controversial in the field of international relations and was the first seed into the cold war after the former British Prime Minister Winston Churchill’s speech in Fulton in March 1945 (page 24-25). This was a new concept in Azerbaijani and world history that was first introduced by Musa Gasimli. Later, other Azerbaijani", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19952809", "score": "1.0798409", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Jamil Hasanli", "text": "USA, Turkey, Iran and other countries. Two of his monographs were published in the Harvard Cold War Studies Book Series (At the dawn of the Cold War: : The Soviet -American Crisis over Iranian Azerbaijan, 1941-1946. Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 2006; Stalin and the Turkish Crisis of the Cold War, 1945-1953. Lexington Books, 2011). His books The Khrushchev Thaw and National Question in Azerbaijan, 1954-1959 (Moscow, 2009), Foreign Policy of Azerbaijan in the Soviet Period, 1920-1939 (Baku, 2012 and Moscow, 2013) and Ali Mardan bey Topchibashov: Life for the Idea, 1863-1934 (Baku, 2013 and Moscow, 2014) raw heavily upon information", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15908932", "score": "1.0692902", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "History of Russia", "text": "major Allies had won the war and was supposed to serve as the basis for postwar reconstruction and security. However, the conflict between Soviet and U.S. national interests, known as the Cold War, came to dominate the international stage in the postwar period. The Cold War emerged from a conflict between Stalin and U.S. President Harry Truman over the future of Eastern Europe during the Potsdam Conference in the summer of 1945. Russia had suffered three devastating Western onslaughts in the previous 150 years during the Napoleonic Wars, the First World War, and the Second World War, and Stalin's goal", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "187766", "score": "1.0508089", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Cold War (1953–1962)", "text": "World as being a more staunch opponent of colonialism than many independent nations in Africa and Asia. Khrushchev broadened Moscow's policy by establishing new relations with India and other key non-aligned, non-communist states throughout the Third World. Many countries in the emerging Non-Aligned Movement developed a close relation with Moscow. Meanwhile, the Eisenhower administration adjusted U.S. policy to the impact of decolonization. This shifted the focus of 1947–1949 away from war-torn Europe. By the early 1950s, the NATO alliance had already integrated Western Europe into the system of mutual defense pacts, providing safeguards against subversion or neutrality in the bloc.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2960251", "score": "1.0414503", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Cold War", "text": "on to be one of the leading participants in Operation \"Condor\", an international campaign of political assassination and state terrorism organized by right-wing military dictatorships in the Southern Cone of South America that was covertly supported by the US government. The Middle East remained a source of contention. Egypt, which received the bulk of its arms and economic assistance from the USSR, was a troublesome client, with a reluctant Soviet Union feeling obliged to assist in both the 1967 Six-Day War (with advisers and technicians) and the War of Attrition (with pilots and aircraft) against pro-Western Israel. Despite the beginning", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2141691", "score": "1.0396444", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Effie Pedaliu", "text": "PhD in International History, London School of Economics. Pedaliu helped in the organisation and declassification of important documents held by the Greek Foreign Ministry which throw new light on the origins of the Cold War. These were compiled and published in the three volume \"Greece at the Cutting Edge of a New World\" series: \"The Cold War\", \"The Truman Doctrine\", \"The Marshall Plan', published in Documents of the Greek Foreign Ministry, 1943–51, Vols. 1–3, Kastaniotis, Athens, March 2002. Pedaliu has commented on CNN on many occasions on issues pertaining to Greece, Italy, the Balkans, and the EU. She has also", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16386559", "score": "1.0304431", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Tanks in the Cold War", "text": "M1 Abrams, the Challenger and by any other contemporary Western main battle tank during the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Tanks in the Cold War During the Cold War (1945–1990), the two opposing forces in Europe were the Warsaw Pact countries on the one side, and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries on the other side. The Warsaw Pact was seen by the West as having an aggressive force outnumbering the NATO forces. Soviet domination of the Warsaw Pact led to effective standardization on a few tank designs. In comparison, NATO adopted a defensive posture. The major contributing nations, France,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7198808", "score": "1.0227334", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Cold War", "text": "The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others). Historians do not fully agree on the dates, but a common timeframe is the period between 1947, the year the Truman Doctrine, a U.S. foreign policy pledging to aid nations threatened by Soviet expansionism, was announced, and either 1989, when communism fell in Eastern Europe, or 1991, when the Soviet Union collapsed. The term \"cold\" is used because there was", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Cold War International History Project", "text": "Cold War International History Project The Cold War International History Project is part of the History and Public Policy Program at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. The Project was founded in 1991 with the support of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and is located in Washington D.C.. As part of its mission, the Project supports full and prompt release of historical materials by governments on all sides of the Cold War, seeking to integrate new sources, materials and perspectives from the former \"Communist bloc\" with the historiography of the Cold War. In particular, it disseminates", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13938446", "score": "1.0173253", "original_retrieval_index": 36 }, { "title": "Brazil, 1964–1985: The Military Regimes of Latin America in the Cold War", "text": "Brazil, 1964–1985: The Military Regimes of Latin America in the Cold War Brazil, 1964-1985: The Military Regimes of Latin America in the Cold War is a book by historians Herbert S. Klein and Francisco Vidal Luna published by Yale University Press in 2017. The book starts off with looking at Latin America as a whole, and how the region was being converted to a dictatorship one country at a time. They also focus on looking at what the different countries' dictatorships were doing differently from one another in regards to oppression and laws being put into effect. The next section", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20548871", "score": "1.0136039", "original_retrieval_index": 40 }, { "title": "Cold War (1953–1962)", "text": "the Americans were forced to operate covertly, so as not to embarrass their allies, the Eastern Bloc nations made loud threats against the \"imperialists\" and worked to portray themselves as the defenders of the Third World. Nasser was later lauded around the globe, but especially in the Arab world. Thus, the Suez stalemate was a turning point heralding an ever-growing rift between the Atlantic Cold War allies, which were becoming far less of a united monolith than they were in the immediate aftermath of the Second World War. Italy, France, Spain, West Germany, Norway, Canada, and Britain developed a Common", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2960264", "score": "1.0131887", "original_retrieval_index": 41 }, { "title": "United States", "text": "Soviet Union jockeyed for power during what became known as the Cold War, driven by an ideological divide between capitalism and communism and, according to the school of geopolitics, a divide between the maritime Atlantic and the continental Eurasian camps. They dominated the military affairs of Europe, with the U.S. and its NATO allies on one side and the USSR and its Warsaw Pact allies on the other. The U.S. developed a policy of containment towards the expansion of communist influence. While the U.S. and Soviet Union engaged in proxy wars and developed powerful nuclear arsenals, the two countries avoided", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6683531", "score": "1.0089126", "original_retrieval_index": 48 }, { "title": "Tanks in the Cold War", "text": "Tanks in the Cold War During the Cold War (1945–1990), the two opposing forces in Europe were the Warsaw Pact countries on the one side, and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries on the other side. The Warsaw Pact was seen by the West as having an aggressive force outnumbering the NATO forces. Soviet domination of the Warsaw Pact led to effective standardization on a few tank designs. In comparison, NATO adopted a defensive posture. The major contributing nations, France, Germany, the USA, and the UK developed their own tank designs, with little in common, while the smaller nations", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7198756", "score": "1.0088758", "original_retrieval_index": 49 }, { "title": "Arab Cold War", "text": "Arab Cold War The Arab Cold War ( \"al-Harb al-`Arabbiyah al-bārdah\") was a series of conflicts in the Arab world between the new republics led by Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt and espousing Arab nationalism, Arab socialism, and Pan-Arabism and the more traditionalist kingdoms, led by King Faisal of Saudi Arabia. The period of conflict began following the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 and the rise to power of Nasser, and lasted until 1970, when he died, although others think it lasted until the final end of the Cold War in 1991. Despite its beginnings during the global Cold War and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14476885", "score": "1.0044901", "original_retrieval_index": 57 }, { "title": "Cold War Conflicts", "text": "Cold War Conflicts Cold War Conflicts is a real-time strategy game developed by Russian studios Fireglow Games and Red Ice software, set in the historical period of the Cold War era from 1950 to 1973. In four campaigns you take control of the military forces of eight different nations (United States, Israel, Egypt, North Korea, Great Britain, Syria, USSR and China). Some of the campaigns are non-linear which means that success or failure in some missions results in a different starting point and strength of military forces in the following mission. The game is designed to present an accurate account", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17050090", "score": "1.003936", "original_retrieval_index": 59 }, { "title": "Ted Hopf", "text": "the Marshall D. Shulman Award, presented by the American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies, for the best book of 2003 on the international politics of the former Soviet Union and Central Europe. In April 2012, \"Reconstructing the Cold War: The Early Years, 1945–1958\", was published by Oxford University Press. Ted Hopf Ted Hopf (born 1959) is an American academic and a leading figure in constructivism in international relations theory. He is currently a Professor of Political Science at the National University of Singapore (NUS). Hopf earned a bachelor of arts from the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14852424", "score": "1.0011985", "original_retrieval_index": 61 }, { "title": "Cold War (1953–1962)", "text": "leading communist powers was irreparably shattered. Although the Warsaw Pact nations backed China's October 1962 peace offer, urging Nehru to accept it, Albania's and Romania's offer to deliver MiG fighter planes to India sent and Sino-Albanian and Sino-Romanian relations into crisis. This also turned China against other Eastern European communist states. By the end of 1963, the Eastern Bloc and China were engaging in open polemics against each other, initiating a period of open hostility between the former allies that lasted for the remainder of the Cold War era. In the ensuing years from World War II in the United", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2960303", "score": "1.0009046", "original_retrieval_index": 62 }, { "title": "Origins of the Cold War", "text": "conflict between the two superpowers was inevitable or could have been avoided. Discussion of these questions has centered in large part on the works of William Appleman Williams, Walter LaFeber, and John Lewis Gaddis. Officials in the Truman administration placed responsibility for postwar tensions on the Soviets, claiming that Stalin had violated promises made at Yalta, pursued a policy of expansionism in Eastern Europe, and conspired to spread communism throughout the world. Historians associated with the \"Wisconsin School\" of diplomatic history such as Williams, however, placed responsibility for the breakdown of postwar peace mostly on the U.S., citing a range", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2488556", "score": "1.000614", "original_retrieval_index": 64 }, { "title": "Nuclear umbrella", "text": "of defense of Western Europe from possible Soviet invasion. Most non-Communist European states joined the alliance, although some (Ireland, Switzerland, Austria, Sweden, Finland) instead maintained an official policy of neutrality. Sweden and Switzerland considered developing their own nuclear weapons but abandoned the idea. NATO involved others of the five official nuclear weapons states. The United Kingdom and Canada participated in the initial American development of the atomic bomb (Manhattan Project) during World War II, but were afterwards excluded from nuclear weapons secrets by act of the US Congress. Britain launched an independent nuclear weapons program; after Britain successfully developed thermonuclear", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12310475", "score": "0.9964373", "original_retrieval_index": 74 }, { "title": "Cold War Conflicts", "text": "mediocre graphics and lack of tutorials to help new players. Cold War Conflicts Cold War Conflicts is a real-time strategy game developed by Russian studios Fireglow Games and Red Ice software, set in the historical period of the Cold War era from 1950 to 1973. In four campaigns you take control of the military forces of eight different nations (United States, Israel, Egypt, North Korea, Great Britain, Syria, USSR and China). Some of the campaigns are non-linear which means that success or failure in some missions results in a different starting point and strength of military forces in the following", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17050092", "score": "0.9951191", "original_retrieval_index": 79 }, { "title": "Cold War (1979–1985)", "text": "USSR and is regarded by many historians to be the closest the world came to nuclear war since the Cuban missile crisis in 1962. This period of the Cold War would continue through U.S. President Reagan's first term (1981–1985), through the death of Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev in 1982, the brief interim period of Soviet leadership consisting of Yuri Andropov (1982–1984) and Konstantin Chernenko (1984–1985). This phase in the Cold War concluded in 1985 with the ascension of reform-minded Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev who brought a commitment to reduce tensions between the East and the West and bring about major", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7099521", "score": "0.99380934", "original_retrieval_index": 80 }, { "title": "Historiography of the Cold War", "text": "in Eastern Europe in the postwar period was responsible for starting of the Cold War. Apart from this, he also argued that Franklin D. Roosevelt's policies towards Stalin and his \"surrender\" to Stalin's demands in the Yalta Conference paved the way for Soviet aggression and destabilized balance of power in Europe in Soviet favor. The interpretation has been described as the \"official\" United States version of Cold War history. Although it lost its dominance as a mode of historical thought in academic discussions in 1960s, it continues to be influential. United States involvement in Vietnam in the 1960s disillusioned New", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10263098", "score": "0.9930779", "original_retrieval_index": 83 }, { "title": "European Youth Campaign", "text": "this time. The EYC was the doctoral thesis of Christina Norwig, who reports that \"More than 15 European countries were involved in the EYC, each in a different way and with changing intensity. Germany, France and Italy were without a doubt the more active countries, but also the Benelux countries played their part... Many active personalities thought that the countries in Eastern Europe could still be converted to Democracy and that they belonged certainly to Europe. But the Cold War played in fact an important role in the European integration process, also on a local level... The international Youth Festival", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12466420", "score": "0.9920242", "original_retrieval_index": 87 }, { "title": "Cold War (1953–1962)", "text": "before a scheduled East-West Summit in Paris, the incident caused a collapse in the talks and a marked deterioration in relations. As the Cold War became an accepted element of the international system, the battlegrounds of the earlier period began to stabilize. A \"de facto\" buffer zone between the two camps was set up in Central Europe. In the south, Yugoslavia became heavily allied to the other European communist states. Meanwhile, Austria had become neutral. Following large numbers of East Germans traveling west through the only \"loophole\" left in the Eastern Bloc emigration restrictions, the Berlin sector border, the East", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2960223", "score": "0.99056953", "original_retrieval_index": 91 }, { "title": "Cold War International History Project", "text": "new information and perspectives from previously inaccessible sources from the former Communist world on the history of the Cold War. It also seeks to transcend barriers of language, geography, and regional specialization to create new links among scholars interested in Cold War history. The Project also promotes publications pertaining to findings, views, and activities related to the Cold War; houses the Virtual Archive, the largest collection of translated, archival documents from the former communist bloc, and hosts international scholarly meetings, conferences, and seminars. The Project is funded by grants from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Henry", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13938447", "score": "0.98805666", "original_retrieval_index": 95 }, { "title": "Shen Zhihua", "text": "articles and eight monographs, edited five books, and was the chief editor of pioneering documentary collections on Soviet foreign policy and the Korean War. Andrew Nathan of Columbia University said Shen is \"highly regarded\" in China for \"nuanced histories of key episodes in the Cold War,\" which form \"a solid contribution to the field of Cold War international history\" and that his work belongs to \"a wave of independent Chinese scholarship that demystifies China's role in the conflict by showing the country to be a self-interested state like any other.\" In March 2017, Shen gave a lecture suggesting that China's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14055861", "score": "0.9878297", "original_retrieval_index": 96 }, { "title": "Hegemony", "text": "a global hegemonic power. After the Second World War, the United Nations was established and the five strongest global powers (China, France, the UK, the US, and the USSR) were given permanent seats on the U.N. Security Council, the organization's most powerful decision making body. Following the war, the US and the USSR were the two strongest global powers and this created a bi-polar power dynamic in international affairs, commonly referred to as the Cold War. The hegemonic conflict was ideological, between communism and capitalism, as well as geopolitical, between the Warsaw Pact countries (1955–1991) and NATO/SEATO/CENTO countries (1949–present). During", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "641437", "score": "0.9875382", "original_retrieval_index": 97 }, { "title": "Sphere of influence", "text": "it turned out that the Soviets and the Western Allies had very different ideas concerning the administration and future development of the liberated regions and of Germany itself. During the Cold War the Baltic states, Central Europe, some countries in Eastern Europe, Cuba, Laos, Vietnam, North Korea, and, until the Sino-Soviet split and Tito-Stalin split, the People's Republic of China and the People's Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, among other countries at various times, were said to lie under the Soviet sphere of influence. Western Europe, Oceania, Japan, and South Korea, among other places, were often said to lie under the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1810016", "score": "0.98615116", "original_retrieval_index": 103 } ]

[ "visited paid monument", "paid monument" ]

[ { "title": "Eiffel Tower in popular culture", "text": "a symbol of the real or threatened destruction of the city, or the world. In others, the tower is used as an embodiment of Paris, the symbol of the city, to set the scene for a film or other work centered on the city. In yet others, as a symbol of the city in a more peripheral way. Other uses, to establish the tower simply as a well known visual element. Eiffel Tower in popular culture The Eiffel Tower has appeared frequently in works of fiction because of its iconic nature. Movie critic Roger Ebert has noted in his online", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7998710", "score": "1.0654331", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "Parisian window always includes the tower. In reality, since zoning restrictions limit the height of most buildings in Paris to seven storeys, only a small number of tall buildings have a clear view of the tower. Maintenance of the tower includes applying 60 tons of paint every seven years to prevent it from rusting. The tower has been completely repainted at least 19 times since it was built. Lead paint was still being used as recently as 2001 when the practice was stopped out of concern for the environment. The nearest Paris Métro station is Bir-Hakeim and the nearest RER", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111232", "score": "1.0251527", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower in popular culture", "text": "Eiffel Tower in popular culture The Eiffel Tower has appeared frequently in works of fiction because of its iconic nature. Movie critic Roger Ebert has noted in his online column that no matter where in Paris a film scene is set the Eiffel Tower will be visible in the background. In some cases the tower is the key plot element or a significant plot element. In a notable subtype, the action of all or part of the work centers around the real or threatened destruction of the tower. In another notable sub-type, the tower and its destruction is used as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7998709", "score": "1.0042909", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "men led by Lucien Sarniguet, who had lowered the Tricolour on 13 June 1940 when Paris fell to the Germans. A fire started in the television transmitter on 3 January 1956, damaging the top of the tower. Repairs took a year, and in 1957, the present radio aerial was added to the top. In 1964, the Eiffel Tower was officially declared to be a historical monument by the Minister of Cultural Affairs, André Malraux. A year later, an additional lift system was installed in the north pillar. According to interviews, in 1967, Montreal Mayor Jean Drapeau negotiated a secret agreement", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111218", "score": "0.9894171", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "football tournament in Paris in June. The apartment has a kitchen, two bedrooms, a lounge, and views of Paris landmarks including the Seine, the Sacre Coeur, and the Arc de Triomphe. The arrangement of the lifts has been changed several times during the tower's history. Given the elasticity of the cables and the time taken to align the cars with the landings, each lift, in normal service, takes an average of 8 minutes and 50 seconds to do the round trip, spending an average of 1 minute and 15 seconds at each level. The average journey time between levels is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111229", "score": "0.98739386", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "be used to restrict the publication of tourist photographs of the tower at night, as well as hindering non-profit and semi-commercial publication of images of the illuminated tower. French doctrine and jurisprudence allows pictures incorporating a copyrighted work as long as their presence is incidental or accessory to the subject being represented, a reasoning akin to the \"de minimis\" rule. Therefore, SETE may be unable to claim copyright on photographs of Paris which happen to include the lit tower. The Eiffel Tower was the world's tallest structure when completed in 1889, a distinction it retained until 1929 when the Chrysler", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111241", "score": "0.9807197", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "Building in New York City was topped out. The tower has lost its standing both as the world's tallest structure and the world's tallest lattice tower but retains its status as the tallest freestanding (non-guyed) structure in France. Notes Bibliography Eiffel Tower The Eiffel Tower ( ; ) is a wrought-iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France. It is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower. Constructed from 1887–1889 as the entrance to the 1889 World's Fair, it was initially criticized by some of France's leading artists and intellectuals for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111242", "score": "0.9731739", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "signs for Citroën adorned three of the tower's sides, making it the tallest advertising space in the world at the time. In April 1935, the tower was used to make experimental low-resolution television transmissions, using a shortwave transmitter of 200 watts power. On 17 November, an improved 180-line transmitter was installed. On two separate but related occasions in 1925, the con artist Victor Lustig \"sold\" the tower for scrap metal. A year later, in February 1926, pilot Leon Collet was killed trying to fly under the tower. His aircraft became entangled in an aerial belonging to a wireless station. A", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111215", "score": "0.9718324", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "added a further 5.3 m (17.4 ft), giving the current height of 324 m (1,063 ft). Analogue television signals from the Eiffel Tower ceased on 8 March 2011. The tower and its image have long been in the public domain. In June 1990 a French court ruled that a special lighting display on the tower in 1989 to mark the tower's 100th anniversary was an \"original visual creation\" protected by copyright. The Court of Cassation, France's judicial court of last resort, upheld the ruling in March 1992. The (SETE) now considers any illumination of the tower to be a separate", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111239", "score": "0.9698255", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "More than 250 million people have visited the tower since it was completed in 1889. In 2015, there were 6.91 million visitors. The tower is the most-visited paid monument in the world. An average of 25,000 people ascend the tower every day which can result in long queues. Tickets can be purchased online to avoid the long queues.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "In 1909, a permanent underground radio centre was built near the south pillar, which still exists today. On 20 November 1913, the Paris Observatory, using the Eiffel Tower as an aerial, exchanged wireless signals with the United States Naval Observatory, which used an aerial in Arlington, Virginia. The object of the transmissions was to measure the difference in longitude between Paris and Washington, D.C. Today, radio and digital television signals are transmitted from the Eiffel Tower. A television antenna was first installed on the tower in 1957, increasing its height by 18.7 m (61.4 ft). Work carried out in 2000", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111238", "score": "0.96949875", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "was to be dismantled in 1909, when its ownership would revert to the City of Paris. The City had planned to tear it down (part of the original contest rules for designing a tower was that it should be easy to dismantle) but as the tower proved to be valuable for communication purposes, it was allowed to remain after the expiry of the permit. Eiffel made use of his apartment at the top of the tower to carry out meteorological observations, and also used the tower to perform experiments on the action of air resistance on falling bodies. For the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111211", "score": "0.96439064", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "Eiffel's safety precautions and the use of movable gangways, guardrails and screens. Equipping the tower with adequate and safe passenger lifts was a major concern of the government commission overseeing the Exposition. Although some visitors could be expected to climb to the first level, or even the second, lifts clearly had to be the main means of ascent. Constructing lifts to reach the first level was relatively straightforward: the legs were wide enough at the bottom and so nearly straight that they could contain a straight track, and a contract was given to the French company Roux, Combaluzier & Lepape", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111201", "score": "0.9599056", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "The tower is tall, about the same height as an 81- building, and the tallest structure in Paris. Its base is square, measuring on each side. During its construction, the Eiffel Tower surpassed the Washington Monument to become the tallest man-made structure in the world, a title it held for 41 years until the Chrysler Building in New York City was finished in 1930. Due to the addition of a broadcasting aerial at the top of the tower in 1957, it is now taller than the Chrysler Building by . Excluding transmitters, the Eiffel Tower is the second tallest free-standing", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111185", "score": "0.9598082", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "a seasonal ice rink on the first level. A glass floor was installed on the first level during the 2014 refurbishment. The puddled iron (wrought iron) of the Eiffel Tower weighs 7,300 tons, and the addition of lifts, shops and antennae have brought the total weight to approximately 10,100 tons. As a demonstration of the economy of design, if the 7,300 tons of metal in the structure were melted down, it would fill the square base, on each side, to a depth of only assuming the density of the metal to be 7.8 tons per cubic metre. Additionally, a cubic", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111224", "score": "0.95791614", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "structure in France after the Millau Viaduct. The tower has three levels for visitors, with restaurants on the first and second levels. The top level's upper platform is above the ground – the highest observation deck accessible to the public in the European Union. Tickets can be purchased to ascend by stairs or lift to the first and second levels. The climb from ground level to the first level is over 300 steps, as is the climb from the first level to the second. Although there is a staircase to the top level, it is usually accessible only by lift.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111186", "score": "0.9567241", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "the autumn of 1884 under the company name. On 30 March 1885, Eiffel presented his plans to the ; after discussing the technical problems and emphasising the practical uses of the tower, he finished his talk by saying the tower would symbolise, Little progress was made until 1886, when Jules Grévy was re-elected as president of France and Édouard Lockroy was appointed as minister for trade. A budget for the exposition was passed and, on 1 May, Lockroy announced an alteration to the terms of the open competition being held for a centrepiece to the exposition, which effectively made the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111189", "score": "0.9438283", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Tokyo Tower", "text": "as the Eiffel Tower is often used in popular culture to immediately locate a scene in Paris, France, the Tokyo Tower is often used in the same way for Tokyo. It is used in anime and manga such as \"Doraemon\", \"Tokyo Magnitude 8.0\", \"Magic Knight Rayearth\", \"Please Save My Earth\", \"Cardcaptor Sakura\", \"Digimon\", \"Detective Conan\", \"Sailor Moon\", and \"Death Note\". The tower is also frequently used in the Japanese \"kaiju\" (giant monster) film genre. It has been the location of numerous battles and visitations by Godzilla, Mothra, Gamera and King Kong (\"King Kong Escapes\") wherein it is frequently destroyed and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1315868", "score": "0.9420514", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Gustave Eiffel", "text": "bought the rights to the patent on the design which Koechlin, Nougier, and Sauvestre had taken out. The design was exhibited at the Exhibition of Decorative Arts in the autumn of 1884, and on 30 March 1885 Eiffel read a paper on the project to the Société des Ingénieurs Civils. After discussing the technical problems and emphasising the practical uses of the tower, he finished his talk by saying that the tower would symbolise Little happened until the beginning of 1886, but with the re-election of Jules Grévy as President and his appointment of Edouard Lockroy as Minister for Trade", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "156627", "score": "0.94198847", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "The design of the Eiffel Tower is attributed to Maurice Koechlin and Émile Nouguier, two senior engineers working for the Compagnie des Établissements Eiffel. It was envisioned after discussion about a suitable centrepiece for the proposed 1889 Exposition Universelle, a world's fair to celebrate the centennial of the French Revolution. Eiffel openly acknowledged that inspiration for a tower came from the Latting Observatory built in New York City in 1853. In May 1884, working at home, Koechlin made a sketch of their idea, described by him as \"a great pylon, consisting of four lattice girders standing apart at the base", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111187", "score": "0.94080627", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower (Paris, Texas)", "text": "one tenth the height of the 1,063-foot original. A shiny red cowboy hat was added to the top of the spindle in 1998. The tower has 27 thirty-watt LED lights which are programmed by color according to season (red and green at Christmas), and used by announcements by expectant couples revealing the sex of their babies, pink (for girls) or blue (for boys). Eiffel Tower (Paris, Texas) Texas's Eiffel Tower is a landmark in the city of Paris, Texas. The tower was constructed in 1993. It is a model of the Eiffel Tower in Paris, France. This replica was built", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19461711", "score": "0.93883574", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "York and then New Orleans. It was rebuilt on the edge of New Orleans' Garden District as a restaurant and later event hall. As one of the most iconic landmarks in the world, the Eiffel Tower has been the inspiration for the creation of many replicas and similar towers. An early example is Blackpool Tower in England. The mayor of Blackpool, Sir John Bickerstaffe, was so impressed on seeing the Eiffel Tower at the 1889 exposition that he commissioned a similar tower to be built in his town. It opened in 1894 and is 158.1 metres (518 ft) tall. Tokyo", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111235", "score": "0.93829715", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "of the tower overwhelming them, and putting the aesthetic argument for the tower: \"Do not the laws of natural forces always conform to the secret laws of harmony?\" Some of the protesters changed their minds when the tower was built; others remained unconvinced. Guy de Maupassant supposedly ate lunch in the tower's restaurant every day because it was the one place in Paris where the tower was not visible. By 1918, it had become a symbol of Paris and of France after Guillaume Apollinaire wrote a nationalist poem in the shape of the tower (a calligram) to express his feelings", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111195", "score": "0.9372581", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "France", "text": "the iconic Eiffel Tower. In the 20th century, French-Swiss architect Le Corbusier designed several buildings in France. More recently, French architects have combined both modern and old architectural styles. The Louvre Pyramid is an example of modern architecture added to an older building. The most difficult buildings to integrate within French cities are skyscrapers, as they are visible from afar. For instance, in Paris, since 1977, new buildings had to be under 37 meters (121 feet). France's largest financial district is La Defense, where a significant number of skyscrapers are located. Other massive buildings that are a challenge to integrate", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8209936", "score": "0.93614686", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Gustave Eiffel", "text": "made to enable precise adjustments by placing hydraulic jacks in the footings for each of the girders making up the legs. The main structural work was completed at the end of March, and on the 31st Eiffel celebrated this by leading a group of government officials, accompanied by representatives of the press, to the top of the tower. Since the lifts were not yet in operation, the ascent was made by foot, and took over an hour, Eiffel frequently stopping to make explanations of various features. Most of the party chose to stop at the lower levels, but a few,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "156636", "score": "0.9327536", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "1 minute. The original hydraulic mechanism is on public display in a small museum at the base of the east and west legs. Because the mechanism requires frequent lubrication and maintenance, public access is often restricted. The rope mechanism of the north tower can be seen as visitors exit the lift. Gustave Eiffel engraved on the tower the names of 72 French scientists, engineers and mathematicians in recognition of their contributions to the building of the tower. Eiffel chose this \"invocation of science\" because of his concern over the artists' protest. At the beginning of the 20th century, the engravings", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111230", "score": "0.93134713", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "to explain various features. Most of the party chose to stop at the lower levels, but a few, including the structural engineer, Émile Nouguier, the head of construction, Jean Compagnon, the President of the City Council, and reporters from \"Le Figaro\" and \"Le Monde Illustré\", completed the ascent. At 2:35 pm, Eiffel hoisted a large Tricolour to the accompaniment of a 25-gun salute fired at the first level. There was still work to be done, particularly on the lifts and facilities, and the tower was not opened to the public until nine days after the opening of the exposition on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111207", "score": "0.9312221", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "on the National Geographic Channel speculated that a full-size replica of the tower would cost approximately US$480 million to build. Ironically, if accurate, that means that the replica would cost more than ten times that of the original (with the original costing nearly 8 million in 1890 Francs; ~US$40 million in 2018 dollars). The tower has been used for making radio transmissions since the beginning of the 20th century. Until the 1950s, sets of aerial wires ran from the cupola to anchors on the Avenue de Suffren and Champ de Mars. These were connected to longwave transmitters in small bunkers.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111237", "score": "0.9299866", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "box surrounding the tower (324 m x 125 m x 125 m) would contain tons of air, weighing almost as much as the iron itself. Depending on the ambient temperature, the top of the tower may shift away from the sun by up to due to thermal expansion of the metal on the side facing the sun. When it was built, many were shocked by the tower's daring form. Eiffel was accused of trying to create something artistic with no regard to the principles of engineering. However, Eiffel and his team – experienced bridge builders – understood the importance of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111225", "score": "0.9269296", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Eiffel Tower", "text": "with Charles de Gaulle for the tower to be dismantled and temporarily relocated to Montreal to serve as a landmark and tourist attraction during Expo 67. The plan was allegedly vetoed by the company operating the tower out of fear that the French government could refuse permission for the tower to be restored in its original location. In 1982, the original lifts between the second and third levels were replaced after 97 years in service. These had been closed to the public between November and March because the water in the hydraulic drive tended to freeze. The new cars operate", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111219", "score": "0.92616093", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "Kozunak", "Cozonac" ]

[ { "title": "Portuguese sweet bread", "text": "Portuguese sweet bread Portuguese sweet bread (Portuguese: \"pão doce\" \"sweet bread\" or \"massa sovada\" \"kneaded dough\") is a bread made with milk, sugar, eggs, yeast, flour and sometimes lemon peel to produce a subtly sweet lightly textured loaf or rolls. A slightly different recipe is made during Easter that is known as \"folar\" and often contains a hard-boiled egg. Portuguese sweet bread is traditionally made around Christmas, and the Easter version is made around Easter, but it is also available year-round. It is traditionally baked in a stone oven known as a \"forno\". The bread is usually served simply with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4537092", "score": "1.1987875", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Easter bread", "text": "cylindrical, often baked in bundt-type pan. It frequently contains raisins, succade, or orangeat, and may be iced on top. It is much sweeter than \"Paska\". \"Babka\" usually is only made, like \"Paska\", to celebrate Easter Sunday and the rising of Christ. Romania and Moldova also have a traditional Easter bread called \"Pasca\" (The term \"Pasca\" is \"Easter\" in the Eastern Orthodox faith, similar to \"Pâques\" in French. It is derived from the Hebrew \"pesah\".). The Romanian \"Pasca\" bread is made with cheese (and may also include fruits, nuts, or chocolate for decoration). It is usually found alongside another traditional sweet", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6601499", "score": "1.1589133", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Paska (bread)", "text": "Paska (bread) Paska (Russian, Ukrainian: Пáска \"Easter\", Georgian: პასკა \"Easter\", ultimately from \"Passover\") is a Easter bread tradition and particularly spread in countries with predominant Eastern Orthodox religion or cultural connections to the ancient Byzantine Empire. Paska breads are a traditional element in the easter holidays of Belarus, Ukraine, Russia, Armenia, Romania, Moldova, Georgia and parts of Bulgaria as well as the Assyrian–Chaldean–Syriac diaspora. Due to its geographical closeness, it is also widespread in Slovakia. Meanwhile it is also eaten in countries with immigrant populations from Eastern Europe such as the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom. Easter is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7601818", "score": "1.1275492", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Kulich", "text": "Kulich Kulich (, from Greek κόλλιξ - \"kollix\", Georgian პასკა - \"Paska\", ultimately meaning a roll or loaf of bread) is a Russian and Orthodox Easter bread that has its roots in the Byzantine Empire and is a traditional part of countries with Orthodox Christian population. It is eaten in countries like Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Romania, Georgia, Macedonia, Moldova and Serbia. Kulich is a variant of Ukrainian, Russian and Belarus paska Easter breads.\"\" Traditionally after the Easter service, the kulich, which has been put into a basket and decorated with colorful flowers, is blessed by the priest. Blessed kulich is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7770963", "score": "1.0854477", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Tsoureki", "text": "Tsoureki Tsoureki (), is a sweet holiday bread made with flour, milk, butter and sugar and commonly seasoned with orange zest, mastic resin or \"mahlab\". One variation commonly called \"Easter bread\" is made by Greek communities during Easter, not only in Greece, but also in other countries with Greek communities. It is also sometimes called Armenian Easter bread. It is eaten in Europe, Armenia, Turkey, and other Central Asian countries. The Greek word \"tsoureki\" is borrowed from Turkish \"çörek\". Some dictionaries claim that this is derived from the Old Turkish root \"çevir-\" 'turn'; There are different variations of the Greek", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7464374", "score": "1.0795593", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Russian cuisine", "text": "diameter. Kulich is a kind of Easter bread that is traditional in the Orthodox Christian faith and is eaten in countries like Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Romania, Georgia, Macedonia, Moldova and Serbia. Traditionally after the Easter service, the kulich, which has been put into a basket and decorated with colorful flowers, is blessed by the priest. Blessed kulich is eaten before breakfast each day. Any leftover kulich that is not blessed is eaten with Paskha for dessert. Kulich is baked in tall, cylindrical tins (like coffee or fruit juice tins). When cooled, kulich is decorated with white icing (which slightly", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3102644", "score": "1.0759946", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Cerejais (Alfândega da Fé)", "text": "of bread, mainly made out of flour, eggs and pork meat, baked for Easter; \"Folar doce\" - similar to the above but sweet and without meat. Traditionally, godchildren would keep their blessed olive or rosemary bouquet from Palm Sunday (\"Domingo de Ramos\") to offer it to their godmother on Easter Day, one week later. In exchange, the godmother would offer them a \"Folar Doce\", ensuring that enough units were baked to satisfy the demand; Note: the \"folar da Pascoa\" is an Easter dish of different regions across the country however wide variations exist in the way they are prepared. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15502801", "score": "1.0713654", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Ripacandida", "text": "a rarely practiced custom. The characteristic shape braided bread traditionally prepared for the Passover is called \"\"rucilatieggh\"\". Do not know the origin of the custom of the Easter bread, unique among other things, because neighboring countries does not exist. Prepared by the good housewife, was then baked in the houses, each house had its oven. \"I rucilatieggh\" were prepared from a dough of flour, oil, water, fennel seeds, eggs, salt and baking powder and then polished with egg yolk. The tradition continues in the bakery who prepare for Tuesday and Friday. Traditionally every house had Ripacandida the oven for baking", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5170988", "score": "1.0628443", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Paska (bread)", "text": "In Iran and the diaspora, Assyrians will eat a Paska cake on Easter, \"Ida Gura\". The tall cake is decorated with a cross on top to represent Calvary, the place of Jesus' crucifixion, and surrounded with colored eggs to symbolize the people who visited Jesus during his death and were at his cross. Pască is a traditional Romanian and Moldovan pastry. Pască is composed with eggs, sour cream, fresh cheese like urdă, raisins and sugar, and is especially made for Easter. The word \"Pască\" come from Latin, \"Pascha\", meaning \"Easter\". Paska (bread) Paska (Russian, Ukrainian: Пáска \"Easter\", Georgian: პასკა \"Easter\",", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7601821", "score": "1.0289078", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Cozonac", "text": "Cozonac (Romanian pronunciation: [kozoˈnak]) or Kozunak (Bulgarian: козунак, Bulgarian pronunciation:  [kozuˈnak]), from Greek: ϰοσώνα ('doll', i.e. \"doll-shaped sweet bread\"), is a traditional Bulgarian and Romanian sweet leavened bread, which is a type of Stollen. It is usually prepared for Easter in Bulgaria, and mostly for every major holiday (Christmas, Easter, New Year's Day, Pentecost) in Romania and Moldova.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Paska (bread)", "text": "called in Russian and Ukranian languages \"па́ска\" (\"páska\"/\"Paskha\"). The word is connected to ancient Greek word \"πάσκα\" (\"páska\") and Georgian: \"პასკა\" (\"Easter\"), derived from the Orthodox believers in Byzantine Empire. The name is connected to the Jewish holiday of \"Pesach.\" Paska is made with milk, butter, eggs, flour, and sugar, except in Romania, where the recipe most commonly includes sweet cream, cottage cheese, and/or sour cream along with eggs, sugar, raisins, and rum. An egg and water mixture is used as a glaze. The Christian faithful in many Eastern Christian countries eat this bread during Easter. Christian symbolism is associated", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7601819", "score": "1.0243664", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Tsoureki", "text": "dough is brushed with egg wash before baking, and sometimes flavored with \"mahlep\", mastic resin or orange zest. Other flavorings might include almond extract, cinnamon, sultanas or fennel seed. This bread is sometimes called \"Armenian Easter bread\". Traditional Armenian \"cheoreg\" omits the dyed Easter eggs and may be made in smaller sizes, dividing the dough into 10 or 12 portions rather than baking as one whole braided loaf. The Turkish language name for this bread is \"paskalya çöreği\" (\"paskalya\" is the Turkish word for Easter). Turkish recipes include egg in the dough, rather than pressed into the dough as decoration.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7464376", "score": "1.0101483", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Sfințișori", "text": "Sfințișori Sfințișori (\"Little saints\") or mucenici moldovenești (\"Moldavian martyrs\"), are traditional pastries from Romania and Moldova made to commemorate on March 9 (or March 22, as per Julian calendar), the Christian feast of the 40 Martyrs of Sebaste, a traditional holiday in Romania and Moldova. In the historical region of Moldavia, Sfințișori were dough in large shapes of the figure 8, baked, then smeared with honey and walnuts. In the Muntenia and Dobruja regions of Romania, similar traditional pastries are named mucenici. The dough is smaller and boiled in water with sugar, cinnamon and crushed nuts, symbolizing the lake where", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16306318", "score": "1.0080234", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Bread in Europe", "text": "frozen dough offering cheaper products. Flatbread is still a very popular bread type. Broa de Avintes, also known as Boroa of Avintes, is a farmhouse bread of Avintes, a parish of Vila Nova de Gaia. It has a long tradition in Portugal and is widely consumed in northern part of the country. Folar is a traditional Portuguese bread served at Easter. The recipe varies from region to region and it may be sweet or salty. Portuguese sweet bread is a bread made with milk, sugar and/or honey, eggs, yeast, flour and sometimes lemon peel to produce a subtly sweet lightly", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17273109", "score": "0.99440897", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Easter bread", "text": "a part of a wide social context. It is the most important food in Sardinia, as well as all over Italy and the Mediterranean. \"Bread is a nexus of economic, political, aesthetic, social, symbolic, and health concerns\". Bread is symbolic for life. A peasant proverb mentions, \"Chie hat pane mai non morit — one who has bread never dies\". The Easter holiday is one where bread brings itself into the symbolic realm. Bread is significant for religious purposes. Luisa Fois described bread in her life after she was married and for the Easter holiday. The bread was made into a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6601501", "score": "0.9902906", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Sfințișori", "text": "the Martyrs were cast. Sfințișori Sfințișori (\"Little saints\") or mucenici moldovenești (\"Moldavian martyrs\"), are traditional pastries from Romania and Moldova made to commemorate on March 9 (or March 22, as per Julian calendar), the Christian feast of the 40 Martyrs of Sebaste, a traditional holiday in Romania and Moldova. In the historical region of Moldavia, Sfințișori were dough in large shapes of the figure 8, baked, then smeared with honey and walnuts. In the Muntenia and Dobruja regions of Romania, similar traditional pastries are named mucenici. The dough is smaller and boiled in water with sugar, cinnamon and crushed nuts,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16306319", "score": "0.9882741", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Campanile (cake)", "text": "has the same meaning). In southern Corsica, in the region around Sartène, it is produced an Easter cake akin to the Campanile and called \"Caccaveddu\". Its main ingredients are wheat flour, yeast, salt, egg, sugar, shortening (\"sdruttu\") or olive oil, \"aquavita\", raisins, boiled eggs and egg yolk. Raisins are soaked in \"aquavita\", then all the ingredients except the boiled eggs and the yolk are kneaded to form a dough. After leaving the dough to rise, this is shaped as a doughnut, and the boiled eggs, bounded with dough ribbons, are sunken in it. The egg yolk is brushed on the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18465712", "score": "0.98648757", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Tsoureki", "text": "\"tsoureki\" holiday breads including a round Chrismas loaf with a cross decoration called \"Christopsomo\", a braided easter bread with whole dyed eggs pressed into the dough called \"lampropsomo\", and a loaf with a coin hidden inside for good luck called \"vasilopita\" that is baked for St. Basil's Day (New Year's Day). \"Tsoureki\" is a Greek holiday bread that is made by Greeks during Easter, not only in Greece, but also in other countries with Greek communities. It is made from a sweet yeast dough of flour, sugar, butter and milk, with dyed red Easter eggs pressed into the dough. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7464375", "score": "0.98485667", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Easter food", "text": "made with bread dough stuffed with various types of salami and cheese, also used the day after Easter for outdoor lunches. Typical of Easter lunches and dinners is the fellata, a banquet of salami and capocollo and salty ricotta. Typical dishes are also lamb or goat baked with potatoes and peas. Easter cake is the pastiera. In Russia, red eggs, kulich and paskha are Easter traditions. In Serbia, paretak are traditional Easter pastries. In Ukraine, there are several traditional Easter foods including paska (bread) and cheesecake desserts. Other Easter foods and food traditions include: 2.History of Easter, Traditions and Recipes", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17970837", "score": "0.9822128", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Canestru", "text": "baked golden brown and baked again in a warm oven (150° to 220°). Canestru Canestru (Corsican; pl. \"canestri\", from Latin \"canistrum\", meaning a circular basket) is a Corsican cake generally shaped as a circle, made of brioche dough. The cake is typical of the cuisine of Corsica and originates from the village of Petreto-Bicchisano in Corse-du-Sud. \"Canestru\" is a traditional Easter cake, and is typically consumed during the traditional Easter Monday picnic (). Its main ingredients are wheat flour, yeast, salt, eggs, shortening (\"sdruttu\"), white wine, pastis or anise seeds. The dough should rest two hours at room temperature before", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18451521", "score": "0.9759851", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Easter bread", "text": "different traditional Russian \"Paska\" Easter breads. \"Kolach\" is a traditional Czech bread made at Christmas in the shape of a ring. Usually, three rings are stack on top of each other to represent the Holy Trinity. Ukrainian Easter breads are also called \"Paska,\" where often a rich, white bread is served and decorated on the top with symbols, including crosses, flowers, braids, wheat, or other designs representing aspects of Orthodox and Eastern Catholic faith. \"Babka\" is also a Ukrainian, Polish and Belarusian bread also made at Easter. Rather than being broad and round, like \"Paska\", \"babka\" typically is tall and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6601498", "score": "0.9746529", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Pogača", "text": "Pogača Pogača (Bosnian, Croatian, Slovenian, and Serbian), pogace (Romanian), pogácsa (Hungarian), pagáče (Slovak) or pogacha (, Macedonian and Bulgarian: , , ) is a type of bread baked in the ashes of the fireplace, and later on in the oven, similar to focaccia, with which it shares the name (via Byzantine ), found in the cuisines of the Carpathian Basin, the Balkans, and Turkey. It can be leavened or unleavened, but only experienced cooks can make good-quality unleavened pogača, while the pastry with yeast is easier to make. It is generally made from wheat flour, but barley and sometimes rye", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19035266", "score": "0.97410834", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Cacavellu", "text": "in warm oven. Cacavellu Cacavellu (Corsican; pl. \"cacavelli\"; also \"caccavellu\"; \"caccaveddu\" in \"Suttanacciu\" dialect; from Latin \"cacabus\" (\"cooking pot\") ) is a Corsican cake generally shaped as a crown, made of yeast dough. It is a typical dessert of the village of Vico. In the cuisine of Corsica exists also a yeast cake called too \"caccaveddu\", typical of the region around Sartène in southern Corsica: it is akin to the \"Campanile\" cake and like that is also traditionally prepared for Easter. Its main ingredients are wheat flour, yeast, salt, egg, sugar, shortening (\"sdruttu\"), \"aquavita\", brocciu, grated orange zest and olive", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18469900", "score": "0.9733907", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Lazarakia", "text": "Lazarakia Lazarákia (\"Little Lazaruses\") are small, sweet spice breads made in Greece and Cyprus by Orthodox Christians on Lazarus Saturday, the Saturday that begins Holy Week. They are eaten to celebrate the miracle of Jesus raising Lazarus from the dead. They are shaped like a man wrapped in a shroud, supposedly Saint Lazarus of Bethany, with cloves for eyes. They contain several sweet spices and are a fasting Lenten food, meaning that they do not contain any dairy products or eggs. For that reason, unlike the tsourekia, they are brushed with olive oil instead of egg or butter for a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11853685", "score": "0.9729341", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Cougnou", "text": "Cougnou The cougnou or bread of Jesus is a bread baked during Christmas time and is typical of the southern Low Countries. It has various names according to the location: The bread of Jesus is a sweet bread formed like a baby Jesus. It is made with flour, eggs, milk, yeast, raisins and sugar. Usually, it is given to children on Christmas and St. Martin's Day and usually enjoyed with a cup of hot chocolate. This bread seems to have originated in ancient Hainaut but the bread of Jesus is now spread throughout the southern Low Countries. It is usually", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9361041", "score": "0.9681542", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Campanile (cake)", "text": "dough to make it golden, and the cake is baked in warm oven for 50 m. Campanile (cake) Campanile (Corsican; \"u campanile\", meaning \"the bell tower\", pl. \"campanili\") is a Corsican cake generally shaped as a crown, made of yeast dough. It is a typical dessert of the cuisine of Corsica and is a traditional Easter cake: the boiled eggs in the cake look like little bells inside the bell tower and represent the renewed fertility of the earth after the end of winter, remembering also the tradition to unleash the bells at Easter, after having tethered them at Good", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18465713", "score": "0.96764624", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Offal", "text": "then roasted over a coal fire. Another traditional Easter food is \"magiritsa\", a soup made with lamb offal and lettuce in a white sauce, eaten at midnight on Easter Sunday as an end to the lenten fast. \"Tzigerosarmas\" (from Turkish \"ciğer sarması\", meaning \"liver wrap\") and \"gardoumba\" are two varieties of \"splinantero\" and \"kokoretsi\" made in different sizes and with extra spices. In Turkey, Mumbar, beef or sheep tripe stuffed with rice, is a typical dish in Adana in southern Turkey. Paça soup is made from lamb or sheep feet, except in summer. If lamb or sheep head is added,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2208024", "score": "0.9647818", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Easter traditions", "text": "Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Slovenia, a basket of food is prepared, covered with a handmade cloth, and brought to the church to be blessed. A typical Easter basket includes bread, colored eggs, ham, horseradish, and a type of nut cake called \"potica\". In Hungary, Transylvania, Southern Slovakia, Kárpátalja, Northern Serbia - Vojvodina, and other territories with Hungarian-speaking communities, the day following Easter is called \"Locsoló Hétfő\", \"Watering Monday\". Men usually visit families with girls and women. Water, perfume or perfumed water is sprinkled on the women and girls of the house by the visiting men, who are given in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13223959", "score": "0.95965457", "original_retrieval_index": 33 }, { "title": "Folar", "text": "Folar Folar is a traditional Portuguese bread served at Easter. The recipe varies from region to region and it may be sweet or salty. It is traditional to offer folar to godfathers and priests at Easter, in imitation of the distribution of bread at the Last Supper. Folar is sometimes served with a boiled egg, that symbolically represents rebirth and the Resurrection. Folar de Chaves, popular in the north-eastern Portuguese regions of Chaves and Valpaços, is stuffed with pork, ham, salpicão and linguiça. There are also sweet folars like the folar from Olhão, that consists of seven layers with melted", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8025479", "score": "0.9583211", "original_retrieval_index": 34 }, { "title": "Folklore of Romania", "text": "year through, and thus doing humans a great service. The Romanian holiday \"Paştele Blajinilor\" (Easter of Blajini) is a way to repay them for the benefits they bring. Since they live in isolation, they have no way of knowing when Easter comes. It is for this reason that Romanians eat dyed eggs and let the shells flow downstream, from there they believe they will get to the \"Apa Sâmbetei\", and from there to the Blajini. Blajini are invisible connectors between Inner and Hollow Earth. Blajin also means a dead child who did not receive the benediction of Holy Spirit. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10932550", "score": "0.9570659", "original_retrieval_index": 35 } ]

[ "Haliaeetus" ]

[ { "title": "Bald eagle", "text": "down and snatches from the water with its talons. It builds the largest nest of any North American bird and the largest tree nests ever recorded for any animal species, up to deep, wide, and in weight. Sexual maturity is attained at the age of four to five years. Bald eagles are not actually bald; the name derives from an older meaning of the word, \"white headed\". The adult is mainly brown with a white head and tail. The sexes are identical in plumage, but females are about 25 percent larger than males. The beak is large and hooked. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "50386", "score": "1.0009956", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Bald eagle", "text": "plumage of the immature is brown. The bald eagle is both the national bird and national animal of the United States of America. The bald eagle appears on its seal. In the late 20th century it was on the brink of extirpation in the contiguous United States. Populations have since recovered and the species was removed from the U.S. government's list of endangered species on July 12, 1995 and transferred to the list of threatened species. It was removed from the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife in the Lower 48 States on June 28, 2007. The plumage of an", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "50387", "score": "0.9891424", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Aquila (genus)", "text": "including \"A. fasciata/spilogaster\") share two deletions in the (nuclear) LDH gene, as well as similarities in mitochondrial cyt-B gene sequence, though one of these deletions is reverted in \"A. chrysaetos\". Numerous fossil taxa of eagles have been described. Many have been moved to other genera, but several appear to be correctly assigned to this genus: Whether \"\"Hieraaetus\" edwardsi\" (Middle -? Late Miocene of SW Europe) belongs into \"Aquila\" or the hawk-eagles (if the latter are indeed distinct) is unclear. Its initial name, \"\"Aquila\" minuta\" , is preoccupied by a junior synonym of the booted eagle, \"A. minuta\" . Not placed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6205729", "score": "0.9694402", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Bald eagle", "text": "the mature bird is its black, yellow-tipped beak; the mature eagle has a fully yellow beak. The bald eagle has sometimes been considered the largest true raptor (accipitrid) in North America. The only larger species of raptor-like bird is the California condor (\"Gymnogyps californianus\"), a New World vulture which today is not generally considered a taxonomic ally of true accipitrids. However, the golden eagle, averaging and in wing chord length in its American race (\"A. c. canadensis\"), is merely lighter in mean body mass and exceeds the bald eagle in mean wing chord length by around . Additionally, the bald", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "50391", "score": "0.9654423", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Bald eagle", "text": "pair with the white-tailed eagle of Eurasia. This species pair consists of a white-headed and a tan-headed species of roughly equal size; the white-tailed eagle also has overall somewhat paler brown body plumage. The two species fill the same ecological niche in their respective ranges. The pair diverged from other sea eagles at the beginning of the Early Miocene (c. 10 Ma BP) at the latest, but possibly as early as the Early/Middle Oligocene, 28 Ma BP, if the most ancient fossil record is correctly assigned to this genus. The bald eagle's natural range covers most of North America, including", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "50397", "score": "0.9641137", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Eagle", "text": "Eagle Eagle is the common name for many large birds of prey of the family Accipitridae. Eagles belong to several groups of genera, not all of which are closely related. Most of the 60 species of eagle are from Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, just 14 species can be found—2 in North America, 9 in Central and South America, and 3 in Australia. Eagles are large, powerfully built birds of prey, with heavy heads and beaks. Even the smallest eagles, such as the booted eagle (\"Aquila pennata\"), which is comparable in size to a common buzzard (\"Buteo buteo\") or", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "483417", "score": "0.9637935", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Aquila (genus)", "text": "Aquila (genus) Aquila is the genus of true eagles. The genus name is Latin for \"eagle\", possibly derived from \"aquilus\", \"dark in colour\". It is often united with the buteos, sea eagles, and other more heavyset Accipitridae, but more recently they appear to be less distinct from the more slender accipitrine hawks than previously believed. Eagles are not a natural group, but denote essentially any bird of prey large enough to hunt sizeable (about 50 cm long or more overall) vertebrate prey. \"Aquila\" belongs to a close-knit group of \"typical\" eagles including genera \"Hieraaetus\", \"Lophaetus\", \"Ictinaetus\", \"Clanga\", and the extinct", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6205726", "score": "0.96252745", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Bald eagle", "text": "water with a circumference greater than , and lakes with an area greater than are optimal for breeding bald eagles. The bald eagle typically requires old-growth and mature stands of coniferous or hardwood trees for perching, roosting, and nesting. Tree species reportedly is less important to the eagle pair than the tree's height, composition and location. Perhaps of paramount importance for this species is an abundance of comparatively large trees surrounding the body of water. Selected trees must have good visibility, be over tall, an open structure, and proximity to prey. If nesting trees are in standing water such as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "50401", "score": "0.9402485", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Bald eagle", "text": "adult bald eagle is evenly dark brown with a white head and tail. The tail is moderately long and slightly wedge-shaped. Males and females are identical in plumage coloration, but sexual dimorphism is evident in the species, in that females are 25% larger than males. The beak, feet and irises are bright yellow. The legs are feather-free, and the toes are short and powerful with large talons. The highly developed talon of the hind toe is used to pierce the vital areas of prey while it is held immobile by the front toes. The beak is large and hooked, with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "50388", "score": "0.93689823", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Bald eagle", "text": "The bald eagle placed in the genus Haliaeetus (sea eagles) which gets both its common and specific scientific names from the distinctive appearance of the adult's head. Bald in the English name is derived from the word piebald, and refers to the white head and tail feathers and their contrast with the darker body. The scientific name is derived from Haliaeetus, New Latin for \"sea eagle\" (from the Ancient Greek haliaetos), and leucocephalus, Latinized Ancient Greek for \"white head,\" from λευκος leukos (\"white\") and κεφαλη kephale (\"head\").", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Golden eagle", "text": "new genus \"Aquila\" by French ornithologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson in 1760. \"Aquila\" is Latin for \"eagle\", possibly derived from \"aquilus\", \"dark in colour\" and \"chrysaetos\" is Ancient Greek for the golden eagle from \"khrusos\", \"gold\" and \"aetos\", \"eagle\". The golden eagle is part of a broad group of raptors called “booted eagles” which are defined by the feature that all species have feathering over their tarsus, unlike many other accipitrids which have bare legs. Included in this group are all species described as “hawk eagles” including the genera \"Spizaetus\" and \"Nisaetus\", as well as assorted monotypical genera such as \"Oroaetus\",", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "891903", "score": "0.92895174", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Aquila (genus)", "text": "in \"Aquila\" anymore are: \"\"Aquila\" danana\" (Snake Creek Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Loup Fork, USA), occasionally placed in \"Geranoaetus\" or \"Buteo\", was a bird of prey of unclear relationships. For paleosubspecies of living \"Aquila\", see the species accounts. Aquila (genus) Aquila is the genus of true eagles. The genus name is Latin for \"eagle\", possibly derived from \"aquilus\", \"dark in colour\". It is often united with the buteos, sea eagles, and other more heavyset Accipitridae, but more recently they appear to be less distinct from the more slender accipitrine hawks than previously believed. Eagles are not a natural group, but", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6205730", "score": "0.92847633", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Eagle", "text": "new research into eagle taxonomy suggests that the important genera \"Aquila\" and \"Hieraaetus\" are not composed of nearest relatives, and it is likely that a reclassification of these genera will soon take place, with some species being moved to \"Lophaetus\" or \"Ictinaetus\". Family Accipitridae The modern English term for the bird is derived from by way of . The origin of is unknown, but it is believed to possibly derive from either (meaning dark-colored, swarthy, or blackish) as a reference to the plumage of eagles or from (meaning north wind). Old English used the term , related to Scandinavia's \"ørn/örn\".", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "483429", "score": "0.9277321", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Decorah Bald Eagles", "text": "their nests, mate and lay eggs, struggle with bad weather and predators, and protect and care for their young. The parents take turns incubating the eggs. Over 280 million people have observed the progress of the eagle family from eggs to fledgling birds. The Decorah Eagles are not given names in order to prevent viewers from regarding them as pets. According to the Raptor Resource Project, \"traditional names can create an undue tendency to anthropomorphize. While the human emotion that may be attached to the eaglets is understandable, an alpha-numeric system for referencing them may help us distance ourselves to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16618626", "score": "0.9178238", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Bald eagle", "text": "most of Canada, all of the continental United States, and northern Mexico. It is the only sea eagle endemic to North America. Occupying varied habitats from the bayous of Louisiana to the Sonoran Desert and the eastern deciduous forests of Quebec and New England, northern birds are migratory, while southern birds are resident, remaining on their breeding territory all year. At minimum population, in the 1950s, it was largely restricted to Alaska, the Aleutian Islands, northern and eastern Canada, and Florida. During the interval 1966-2015 bald eagle numbers increased substantially throughout its winter and breeding ranges, and as of 2018", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "50398", "score": "0.9160048", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Golden eagle", "text": "separate, close-knit clade, which attained some similar characteristics to the prior clade via convergent evolution. Genetically, the “spotted eagles” (\"A. pomarina, hasata & clanga\"), have been discovered to be more closely related to the long-crested eagle (\"Lophaetus occipitalis\") and the black eagle (\"Ictinaetus malayensis\"), and many generic reassignments have been advocated. The \"Hieraaetus\" genus, including the booted eagle (\"H. pennatus\"), little eagle (\"H. morphnoides\") and Ayres's hawk-eagle (\"H. ayresii\"), consists of much smaller species, that are in fact smallest birds called eagles outside of the unrelated \"Spilornis\" serpent-eagle genus. This genus has recently been eliminated by many authorities and is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "891906", "score": "0.91026664", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Eagle", "text": "most often found \"displayed\", i.e. with their wings and legs extended. They can also occur \"close\", i.e. with their wings folded, or \"rising\", i.e. about to take flight. The heads, wings, and legs of eagles can also be found independently. Eagle Eagle is the common name for many large birds of prey of the family Accipitridae. Eagles belong to several groups of genera, not all of which are closely related. Most of the 60 species of eagle are from Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, just 14 species can be found—2 in North America, 9 in Central and South America,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "483434", "score": "0.90879595", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Bald eagle", "text": "the species nests in every continental state and province in the United States and Canada. The majority of bald eagles in Canada are found along the British Columbia coast while large populations are found in the forests of Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Ontario. Bald eagles also congregate in certain locations in winter. From November until February, one to two thousand birds winter in Squamish, British Columbia, about halfway between Vancouver and Whistler. The birds primarily gather along the Squamish and Cheakamus Rivers, attracted by the salmon spawning in the area. Similar congregations of wintering bald eagles at open lakes and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "50399", "score": "0.90854365", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Bald eagle", "text": "out of branches, usually in large trees found near water. When breeding where there are no trees, the bald eagle will nest on the ground, as has been recorded largely in areas largely isolated from terrestrial predators, such as Amchitka Island in Alaska. In Sonora, Mexico, eagles have been observed nesting on top of Hecho catcuses (\"Pachycereus pectinaboriginum\"). Nests located on cliffs and rock pinnacles have been reported historically in California, Kansas, Nevada, New Mexico and Utah, but currently are only verified to occur only in Alaska and Arizona. The eggs average about long, ranging from , and have a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "50438", "score": "0.9063039", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Bald eagle", "text": "for consumption if it is able to carry it away successfully. Unlike some other eagle species, bald eagles rarely take on evasive or dangerous prey on their own. The species mainly target prey which is much smaller than themselves, with most live fish caught weighing and most waterbirds preyed weighing . They obtain much of their food as carrion or via a practice known as kleptoparasitism, by which they steal prey away from other predators. Due to their dietary habits, bald eagles are frequently viewed in a negative light by humans. Thanks to their superior foraging ability and experience, adults", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "50429", "score": "0.9045913", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Bald eagle", "text": "However, the two species are roughly equal in size, aggressiveness and physical strength and so competitions can go either way. Neither species is known to be dominant, and the outcome depends on the size and disposition of the individual eagles involved. Wintering bald and golden eagles in Utah both sometimes won conflicts, though in one recorded instance a single bald eagle successfully displaced two consecutive golden eagles from a kill. The bald eagle is thought to be much more numerous in North America than the golden eagle, with the bald species estimated to number at least 150,000 individuals, about twice", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "50432", "score": "0.90273595", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Spizaetus", "text": "Spizaetus Spizaetus is the typical hawk-eagle birds of prey genus found in the tropics of the Americas. It was however used to indicate a group of tropical eagles that included species occurring in southern and southeastern Asia and one representative of this genus in the rainforests of West Africa. The Old World species have been separated into the genus \"Nisaetus\". Several species have a prominent head crest. These are medium to large-sized raptors, most being between 55 and 75 cm (23–30 in) long, and tend to be long-tailed and slender. The American Ornithologists' Union merges \"Spizastur\" into \"Spizaetus\" since 2007.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8907264", "score": "0.8980485", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Bald eagle", "text": "the national bird of the United States, is prominent in seals and logos, coinage, postage stamps, and other items relating to the U.S. federal government. The bald eagle is a sacred bird in some North American cultures, and its feathers, like those of the golden eagle, are central to many religious and spiritual customs among Native Americans. Eagles are considered spiritual messengers between gods and humans by some cultures. Many pow wow dancers use the eagle claw as part of their regalia as well. Eagle feathers are often used in traditional ceremonies, particularly in the construction of regalia worn and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "50460", "score": "0.8966222", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Bald eagle", "text": "eagle's close cousins, the relatively longer-winged but shorter-tailed white-tailed eagle and the overall larger Steller's sea eagle (\"H. pelagicus\"), may, rarely, wander to coastal Alaska from Asia. The bald eagle has a body length of . Typical wingspan is between and mass is normally between . Females are about 25% larger than males, averaging as much as , and against the males' average weight of . The size of the bird varies by location and generally corresponds with Bergmann's rule, since the species increases in size further away from the Equator and the tropics. For example, eagles from South Carolina", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "50392", "score": "0.89435196", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "White-tailed eagle", "text": "harriers, chanting-goshawks and buteonines. Notably excluded from their relations are most other species referred to as “eagles”, including booted eagles and snake and serpent eagles. The white-tailed eagle itself forms a species pair with the bald eagle. These diverged from other sea eagles at the beginning of the early Miocene (c. 10 mya) at the latest, possibly (if the most ancient fossil record is correctly assigned to this genus) as early as the early or middle Oligocene, about 28 mya. A recent genetic study of mitochondrial DNA is consistent with this idea. Greenlandic white-tailed eagles (proposed as \"H. a. groenlandicus\")", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1633481", "score": "0.89317024", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Golden eagle", "text": "are unlikely to be confused due to differences in size and form. The only species in the \"Aquila\" genus that exceeds the golden eagle in average wingspan and length is the wedge-tailed eagle of Australasia; however, the wedge-tailed eagle is a slightly less heavy bird. This species was first described by Linnaeus in his 1758 \"Systema naturae\" as \"Falco chrysaetos\". Since birds were grouped largely on superficial characteristics at that time, many species were grouped by Linnaeus into the genus \"Falco\". The type locality was given simply as \"Europa\"; it was later fixed to Sweden. It was moved to the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "891902", "score": "0.89128125", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Booted eagle", "text": "Booted eagle \"Aquila minuta\"\" redirects here. If based on Brehm (1831), it refers to this bird. The fossil bird described under the same name by Milne-Edwards (1871) is preliminarily known as \"\"Hieraaetus\" edwardsi\" but might belong in \"Aquila\".\" The booted eagle (\"Hieraaetus pennatus\", also classified as \"Aquila pennata\") is a medium-sized mostly migratory bird of prey with a wide distribution in the Palearctic and southern Asia, wintering in the tropics of Africa and Asia, with a small, disjunct breeding population in south-western Africa. Like all eagles, it belongs to the family \"Accipitridae\". The booted is a small eagle, comparable to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2558674", "score": "0.88937944", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Golden eagle", "text": "\"Lophaetus\", \"Stephanoaetus\", \"Polemaetus\", \"Lophotriorchis\" and \"Ictinaetus\". The \"Aquila\" genus is distributed across every continent but for South America and Antarctica. Up to 20 species have been classified in the genus, but more recently the taxonomic placement of some of the traditional species has been questioned. Traditionally, the \"Aquila\" eagles have been grouped superficially as largish, mainly brownish or dark-colored booted eagles that vary little in transition from their juvenile to their adult plumages. Genetic research has recently indicated the golden eagle is included in a clade with Verreaux's eagle in Africa as well as the Gurney's eagle (\"A. gurneyi\") and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "891904", "score": "0.88900423", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Aquilinae", "text": "a wedge-tailed eagle in wingspan. Dwarfing these species, the booted eagle species Haast's eagle (\"Harpagornis moorei\") of New Zealand, was probably the most massive species ever known in the entire accipitrid family, with females averaging an estimated and perhaps weighing up to , but went extinct by the 16th century when human colonizers killed off their prey. Beyond their typically large size, Aquilinae species have few outward shared characteristics as they are a fairly diverse subfamily. Nonetheless, every species shares the feature of their legs being covered in feathers. Only two buteonine hawks share this feature beyond the Aquilinae, in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15731720", "score": "0.8879702", "original_retrieval_index": 33 }, { "title": "Bald eagle", "text": "Department of Fish and Wildlife counted occupied nests. Further population increases in Washington may be limited by the availability of late winter food, particularly salmon. The bald eagle was officially removed from the U.S. federal government's list of endangered species on July 12, 1995, by the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, when it was reclassified from \"Endangered\" to \"Threatened.\" On July 6, 1999, a proposal was initiated \"To Remove the Bald Eagle in the Lower 48 States From the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife.\" It was de-listed on June 28, 2007. It has also been assigned a risk level", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "50456", "score": "0.88741857", "original_retrieval_index": 34 } ]

[ "William Wyler" ]

[ { "title": "William Wyler", "text": "problems of returning veterans in their adjustment back to civilian life. Arguably his most personal film, \"Best Years\" drew on Wyler's own experience returning home to his family after three years on the front. \"The Best Years of Our Lives\" won the Academy Award for Best Director (Wyler's second) and Academy Award for Best Picture, as well as seven other Academy Awards. In 1949 Wyler directed \"The Heiress\", which earned Olivia de Havilland her second Oscar and garnered additional Oscars for Best Art Direction, Best Costume Design, and Best Music. The film is considered by some to be a highlight", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "723322", "score": "1.0723473", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "The Best Years (film)", "text": "The Best Years (film) The Best Years is a 2014 film by Danny Patrick, starring Martin Kemp, Enn Reitel, Matt Healy, Marc Pickering, Jason Gerard and Danny Ogle. Peace is declared in Northern Ireland after thirty years of troubles. The criminal empires that have existed during the troubles can no longer operate and are being shut down. George is released from prison and returns to his old working-class neighbourhood to resume his life and steer clear of trouble which includes his best friend Emmet. Nadine has also come back to Derry after many years away; she is the estranged daughter", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17766090", "score": "1.0323429", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "The Best Years of Our Lives", "text": "walking among aircraft ruins was filmed at the Ontario Army Air Field in Ontario, California. The former training facility had been converted into a scrap yard, housing nearly 2,000 former combat aircraft in various states of disassembly and reclamation. Upon its release, \"The Best Years of Our Lives\" received extremely positive reviews from critics. Shortly after its premiere at the Astor Theater, New York, Bosley Crowther, film critic for \"The New York Times,\" hailed the film as a masterpiece. He wrote, Several decades later, film critic David Thomson offered tempered praise: \"I would concede that \"Best Years\" is decent and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "525073", "score": "1.0206097", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "The Best Years of Our Lives", "text": "humane... acutely observed, despite being so meticulous a package. It would have taken uncommon genius and daring at that time to sneak a view of an untidy or unresolved America past Goldwyn or the public.\" \"The Best Years of Our Lives\" has a 98% \"Fresh\" rating at Rotten Tomatoes, based on 37 reviews. Chicago Sun Times film critic Roger Ebert put the film on his \"Great Movies\" list in 2007, calling it \"...modern, lean, and honest.\" \"The Best Years of Our Lives\" was a massive commercial success, earning an estimated $11.5 million at the North American box office during its", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "525074", "score": "1.0143206", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "The Best of Me (film)", "text": "The Best of Me (film) The Best of Me is a 2014 American romantic drama film directed by Michael Hoffman and written by Will Fetters and J. Mills Goodloe, based on Nicholas Sparks' 2011 novel of the same name. The film stars James Marsden and Michelle Monaghan with Luke Bracey and Liana Liberato. Alternating between scenes of their relationship in 1992 with their current lives separately, the film shows the story of Dawson and Amanda, who after 21 years without seeing each other are reunited after the death of a friend in common. Despite their attempts, they are still attracted", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18091909", "score": "1.0093771", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "The Best Two Years", "text": "The Best Two Years The Best Two Years is a 2003 dramedy film written and directed by Scott S. Anderson. It is based on the stage play \"The Best Two Years of My Life\", also by Anderson. It portrays the experience of four LDS missionaries living in an apartment in the city of Haarlem in the Netherlands. The stage play had one setting, the apartment of the missionaries. The movie does expand upon the play's setting, with some filming taking place in the Netherlands, but much of the movie still takes place in the apartment. The writer, Scott Anderson, and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4448922", "score": "1.0025377", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "The Best Years of Our Lives", "text": "II, \"The Best Years of Our Lives\" began filming just over seven months after the war's end, starting on April 15, 1946 at a variety of locations, including the Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden, Ontario International Airport in Ontario, California, Raleigh Studios in Hollywood, and the Samuel Goldwyn/Warner Hollywood Studios. In \"The Best Years of Our Lives\" cinematographer Gregg Toland used deep focus photography, in which objects both close to and distant from the camera are in sharp focus. For the passage of Fred Derry's reliving a combat mission while sitting in the remains of a former bomber,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "525071", "score": "1.0016127", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "It's a Wonderful Life", "text": "II lives, won most of the awards that year, including four of the five for which \"It's a Wonderful Life\" was nominated. (The award for \"Best Sound Recording\" was won by \"The Jolson Story\".) \"The Best Years of Our Lives\" was also an outstanding commercial success, ultimately becoming the highest-grossing film of the decade, in contrast to the more modest initial box office returns of \"It's a Wonderful Life\". \"It's a Wonderful Life\" received a Golden Globe Award: Capra won the \"Best Motion Picture Director\" award from the Golden Globes, and a \"CEC Award\" from the Cinema Writers Circle in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "708441", "score": "0.9950807", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "The Best Years of Our Lives", "text": "posttraumatic stress disorder and sought out Harold Russell, a non-actor to take on the exacting role of Homer Parrish. For \"The Best Years of Our Lives\", he asked the principal actors to purchase their own clothes, in order to connect with daily life and produce an authentic feeling. Other Wyler touches included constructing life-size sets, which went against the standard larger sets that were more suited to camera positions. The impact for the audience was immediate, as each scene played out in a realistic, natural way. Recounting the interrelated story of three veterans right after the end of World War", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "525070", "score": "0.99166983", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "The Best Years of Our Lives", "text": "The Best Years of Our Lives (aka Glory for Me and Home Again) is a 1946 American drama film directed by William Wyler and starring Myrna Loy, Fredric March, Dana Andrews, Teresa Wright, Virginia Mayo, and Harold Russell. The film is about three United States servicemen readjusting to civilian life after coming home from World War II. Samuel Goldwyn was inspired to produce a film about veterans after reading an August 7, 1944, article in Time about the difficulties experienced by men returning to civilian life. Goldwyn hired former war correspondent MacKinlay Kantor to write a screenplay. His work was", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Best Years of Our Lives (song)", "text": "Best Years of Our Lives (song) \"Best Years of Our Lives\" is a song recorded by English band Modern Romance. It was released in October 1982 as a 7-inch single and 12-inch single by WEA. A Japanese and German edition was also released. The 7-inch single was available in two versions: A limited edition \"Xmas Party Mix\" remix of the song became available as a 7-inch single over Christmas 1982, which received substantial radio airplay in place of the original version over Christmas 1982. \"Best Years of Our Lives\" was the biggest selling single for Modern Romance. It was the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15559497", "score": "0.9902827", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "The Best Years of Our Lives", "text": "Best Years of Our Lives\" received nine Academy Awards. Fredric March won his second Best Actor award (also having won in 1932 for \"Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde\"). Despite his Oscar-nominated performance, Harold Russell was not a professional actor. As the Academy Board of Governors considered him a long shot to win, they gave him an honorary award \"for bringing hope and courage to his fellow veterans through his appearance.\" When Russell in fact won Best Supporting Actor, there was an enthusiastic response. He is the only actor to have received two Academy Awards for the same performance. In 1992,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "525076", "score": "0.9833839", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "The Best Years", "text": "The Best Years The Best Years is a Canadian teen drama television series created by producer and writer of \"\", Aaron Martin. The first season aired on Global in Canada and on The N in the United States. The second season was shown in the United States on The N and in Canada on E!, CanWest's secondary network. The show revolves around Samantha Best (Charity Shea), who receives a scholarship to attend Charles University, a fictional Ivy League school in Boston, Massachusetts, despite bouncing between foster homes for ten years. The storyline follows Samantha Best, who grew up in foster", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9105469", "score": "0.9769414", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "The Best Years (film)", "text": "of the resident crime boss Simon McKnight and also George's first love. When Emmet finds a bag of money belonging to a ruthless loyalist hit-man Giggles, George is compelled to help him one last time to return it. This step is too far and they are forced to enlist the help of a gang from the other side of the community. The Best Years (film) The Best Years is a 2014 film by Danny Patrick, starring Martin Kemp, Enn Reitel, Matt Healy, Marc Pickering, Jason Gerard and Danny Ogle. Peace is declared in Northern Ireland after thirty years of troubles.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17766091", "score": "0.9759109", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Larry Auerbach", "text": "of Life\" was part of the early careers of actors Frances Sternhagen, Paul Michael Glaser, Christopher Reeve, Roy Scheider, Bonnie Bedelia, Jessica Walter, Nancy Marchand, Ray Wise, Jonathan Frakes, Warren Beatty and Peter Falk. \"Love of Life\" ran for 28 years, with Auerbach at the helm for most of the episodes and still directing when the show ended in 1980 (at the time, it was the second-longest running show on television). The series concluded with Auerbach walking from empty set to empty set, turning off the lights, accompanied by Tony Bennett's song, \"We'll Be Together Again\". From there, Auerbach went", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8431913", "score": "0.9654875", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "James Best", "text": "celebration of lifelong friend and fellow actor Norman Lloyd. Best said, \"I had the honor to have been directed by Norman in a Hitchcock episode called \"The Jar.\" Having worked with hundreds of directors in my career, I found very few that had Norman's qualities. He was most kind, gracious and patient with his actors. He is in all respects a complete gentleman in his personal life and I found it a genuine pleasure just to be in the presence of such a talented man. I am also doubly honored to consider him my friend. We are so blessed to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5139092", "score": "0.962852", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "The Best Years of Our Lives (Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel song)", "text": "The Best Years of Our Lives (Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel song) \"The Best Years of Our Lives\" is a song by the British rock band Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel, released in 1975 as the title track from the band's third studio album \"The Best Years of Our Lives\". In 1977, a live version of the song was released as a single from the album \"\". Following the split of the original Cockney Rebel line-up in July 1974, Harley assembled a new line-up later in the year and renamed the band Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel. In November-December 1974,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18578598", "score": "0.9569124", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Marjorie Best", "text": "on the Errol Flynn film \"Adventures of Don Juan\". She was nominated in 1956 for \"Giant\", in 1960 for \"Sunrise at Campobello\", and in 1965 for \"The Greatest Story Ever Told\", the same year she retired. Best died on June 14, 1997 in Toluca Lake, California of a heart ailment. Marjorie Best Marjorie Best (10 April 1903 – 14 June 1997) was an American Hollywood costume designer known for her period designs. Best was born in Jacksonville, Illinois and studied at the Chouinard Art Institute. She taught school briefly before going to work for the Western Costume Company in 1926.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9120083", "score": "0.9530065", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Best Years of Our Lives (song)", "text": "first single to feature Michael J. Mullins as lead vocalist and peaked at number 4 on the UK chart in late 1982. The single can be found on Modern Romance's two hit albums, \"Trick of the Light\" (1983) and \"Party Tonight\" (1983). It also made an appearance on their farewell single, \"Best Mix of Our Lives\" (1985) with four other singles: \"High Life (1983 song)\", \"Don't Stop That Crazy Rhythm\", \"Everybody Salsa\", and \"Ay Ay Ay Ay Moosey\". It served as a 7-inch single [re-mix] on the B-side of \"Best Mix of Our Lives\" and as a 12-inch single [re-mix]", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15559498", "score": "0.9462662", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "The Best Years of Our Lives (Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel song)", "text": "the same name. On the tour, the MonaLisa Twins were part of the backing band. For their version of \"The Best Years of Our Lives\", the MonaLisa Twins revealed: The Best Years of Our Lives (Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel song) \"The Best Years of Our Lives\" is a song by the British rock band Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel, released in 1975 as the title track from the band's third studio album \"The Best Years of Our Lives\". In 1977, a live version of the song was released as a single from the album \"\". Following the split of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18578609", "score": "0.9457892", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Samuel Goldwyn", "text": "Our Lives\" (1946). Leading actors in several of Goldwyn films, especially those directed by Wyler, were also Oscar-nominated for their performances. Throughout the 1930s, he released all his films through United Artists, but beginning in 1941, and continuing almost through the end of his career, Goldwyn released his films through RKO Radio Pictures. In 1946, the year he was honored by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences with the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award, Goldwyn's drama, \"The Best Years of Our Lives\", starring Myrna Loy, Fredric March, Teresa Wright and Dana Andrews, won the Academy Award for Best", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2381439", "score": "0.9436152", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "James Best", "text": "Hickory, North Carolina. An acting coach, Best taught drama and acting techniques for more than a quarter century in Los Angeles. He also served as artist-in-residence and taught drama at the University of Mississippi (Oxford) for two years prior to his stint on \"The Dukes of Hazzard\". In 2009, he completed his autobiography \"Best In Hollywood: The Good, The Bad and The Beautiful\". The book, published in 2009 through Bear Manor Media, premiered at the Mid Atlantic Nostalgia Convention in Aberdeen, Maryland. On November 9, 2014, Best and fellow actor Robert Fuller (along with their wives) attended the 100th birthday", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5139091", "score": "0.94251525", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Joseph M. Newman", "text": "was a major in the Signal Corps during World War II. While there he directed the short film \"Diary of a Sergeant\" (1945) starring Harold Russell which led to Russell's appearance in \"The Best Years of Our Lives\" (1946). After the war Newman returned to directing shorts at MGM: \"The Luckiest Guy in the World\" (1947) and \"The Amazing Mr. Nordill\" (1947). He went back to features with the low budget\"Jungle Patrol\" (1948) at Fox. He went on to direct \"The Great Dan Patch\" (1949), the film noir crime dramas \"Abandoned\" (1949), with Gale Storm, and \"711 Ocean Drive\", which", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4409533", "score": "0.94247216", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "The Best Years of Our Lives (Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel album)", "text": "the original second line-up for the tour; Cregan, Elliott and Mackay. The band's bassist George Ford had died in 2007. The tour marked the first time the line-up had played together since 1976. On the tour, the band performed two sets at each show; one featuring a selection of tracks from Harley and the band's career, and the second featured \"The Best Years of Our Lives\" album in its entirety. Speaking to \"Classic Rock\" in March 2015, Harley commented: \"The three guys are still my mates. The fun we had back then, when we toured and recorded together, holds fabulous", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13587582", "score": "0.93191797", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "The Best Years of Our Lives (Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel song)", "text": "band's concerts. In 2014, EMI released a definitive edition of the album as a four CD + DVD box-set. On disc one, a previously unreleased acoustic demo of \"The Best Years of Our Lives\" was included. In an online diary entry, Harley said of the demo: Upon release, \"Record & Popswap Mirror\" reviewed \"The Best Years of Our Lives\" and said: \"Each song has a distinct character, culminating in the personal message - the title track.\" In the liner notes of the 2014 definitive edition, Geoff Barton wrote how the song saw Harley \"reprising the hard-bitten troubadour persona he adopted", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18578600", "score": "0.93052113", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "19th Academy Awards", "text": "19th Academy Awards The 19th Academy Awards continued a trend through the late-1940s of the Oscar voters honoring films about contemporary social issues. \"The Best Years of Our Lives\" concerns the lives of three returning veterans from three branches of military service as they adjust to life on the home front after World War II. The Academy awarded Harold Russell—a World War II veteran who had lost both hands in the war and who, despite not being an actor, portrayed Homer Parrish in \"The Best Years of Our Lives\"—an Honorary Academy Award for \"bringing hope and courage to his fellow", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8442273", "score": "0.9295001", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Kirk Browning", "text": "\"Hallmark Hall of Fame\" productions between 1951 and 1958; \"Live from the Met\" and \"Great Performances\" for PBS; and television adaptations of plays such as \"June Moon\", \"Damn Yankees!\", \"A Touch of the Poet\", \"The Taming of the Shrew\", \"The Time of Your Life\", \"Tartuffe\", \"Fifth of July\", \"You Can't Take it with You\", \"The House of Blue Leaves\", \"Our Town\", and \"Death of a Salesman\", which earned him a nomination for the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing - Television Film. Browning won two Primetime Emmy Awards, one for directing a 1987 special with Plácido Domingo and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11681047", "score": "0.9274174", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "James Best", "text": "own acting school (students included Lindsay Wagner, Roger Miller, Glen Campbell, Quentin Tarantino, and Regis Philbin). He was also an animal rights advocate. Best died on April 6, 2015, in Hickory, North Carolina, from complications of pneumonia at the age of 88. Prior to his death, Best's former \"Dukes of Hazzard\" co-star and long-time friend, John Schneider, said; \"I laughed and learned more from Jimmie in one hour, than from anyone else in a whole year.\" He also added that, when asked to cry for the camera, \"(Best) would say, 'sure thing, which eye?' I'm forever thankful to have cut", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5139094", "score": "0.9239712", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "The Best Years of Our Lives (Steve Harley & Cockney Rebel song)", "text": "the new band recorded \"The Best Years of Our Lives\" album at Abbey Road Studios and Air Studios in London. In 2014, Harley recalled of the song's recording: \"We played it live in the studio, all sat round together. There were no overdubs, and we all wanted to get the feel of the song on record.\" When the band performed the song live at the Hammersmith Odeon on 14 April 1975, Harley announced the track as \"the most serious song I've ever wrote in my life\". Since then, the song has consistently been a popular inclusion at Harley and the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18578599", "score": "0.9235112", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Middle School: The Worst Years of My Life (film)", "text": "Kearin, Tom Kenny, Mike Matzdorf, Michael Rapaport, and Jacob Vargas. On August 4, 2015, it was announced that Steve Carr would direct the film adaptation of James Patterson's 2011 novel \"\", with a script written by Chris Bowman and Hubbel Palmer. Griffin Gluck would play the lead role, Rafe Khatchadorian, a student at Hills Village Middle School. Leopoldo Gout and Bill Robinson were set to produce the film, along with CBS Films, which handles international sales, with Lionsgate handling distribution. On November 12, 2015, more cast were announced for the film, whose script was also written by Kara Holden; it", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19206971", "score": "0.92297673", "original_retrieval_index": 33 } ]

[ "Coton in the Elms" ]

[ { "title": "Centre points of the United Kingdom", "text": "sea Point farthest from high tide mark (including tidal rivers) Centre of a rectangle enclosing precisely all of England and Wales Centre of England For centuries the parish of Meriden to the west of Coventry has claimed to be the geographical centre of England, and there has been a stone cross there commemorating the claim for at least 500 years. The justification is that the point farthest from the sea is in the parish. Morton, Derbyshire also claims to be the centre of England as it is not only midway along England's longest north-south axis, but also midway between the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3501860", "score": "1.0535966", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Ramsgate", "text": "Dover, and just under 43,000 men passed through the port, transported onwards by 82 special trains. Ramsgate is located 78 miles from central London in an east south-easterly direction at one of the most easterly points of the United Kingdom (the furthest point east is Lowestoft in Suffolk). The town is an amalgamation of two settlements: a fishing community on the coast in the shallow valley between two chalk cliffs, and an inland farming community that is now the Parish of St Lawrence. The cliffs are known as the East Cliff and the West Cliff and are predominantly residential areas.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2143238", "score": "1.0344112", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Dunedin", "text": "Middlemarch in the west, Waikouaiti in the north, the Pacific Ocean in the east and south-east, and the Waipori/Taieri River and the township of Henley in the south-west. Dunedin is the farthest city in the world from London, the former Imperial capital, at ( more than Invercargill, and more than Christchurch), and from Berlin at . Its antipodes are some north of the Spanish city of A Coruña. Dunedin is situated at the head of Otago Harbour, a narrow inlet extending south-westward for some 15 miles. The harbour is a recent creation formed by the flooding of two river valleys.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3060631", "score": "1.0163585", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "United Kingdom", "text": "east, the English Channel to the south and the Celtic Sea to the south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. With an area of , the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world. It is also the 22nd-most populous country, with an estimated 66.0 million inhabitants in 2017. The UK is a unitary parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy. The current monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who has reigned since 1952, making her the longest-serving current head of state. The United Kingdom's capital and largest city is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "429107", "score": "1.0057539", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Fraserburgh", "text": "to operate Fraserburgh until 1979. The track was subsequently lifted. Following the opening of the Borders Railway in September 2015, Fraserburgh became the most distant town in UK from the rail network, leading to calls for the lifted track to be reinstated. The nearest operating station is currently Inverurie, 56 km (35 miles) away. Fraserburgh has a marine climate heavily influenced by its proximity to the sea. As such, summer highs and winter lows are heavily moderated, with very mild winter temperatures for a location so far north. The differences between seasons are very narrow as a result, with February", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1498249", "score": "1.0011166", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "CityPoint", "text": "CityPoint CityPoint (previously known as Britannic House and Britannic Tower) is a skyscraper located on Ropemaker Street on the northern fringe of the City of London, the main financial district and historic nucleus of London. Originally named Britannic House, CityPoint was built in 1967 as a 35-storey, tall headquarters for British Petroleum (now BP), becoming the first building in the City of London area to exceed the height of St Paul's Cathedral. The designers were F. Milton Cashmore and H. N. W. Grosvenor. In 1991 British Petroleum moved back to their original headquarters on Finsbury Circus and the building was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2893144", "score": "0.9927081", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Wellington", "text": "in the world. It is also the most remote capital city, the farthest away from any other capital. It is more densely populated than most other cities in New Zealand due to the restricted amount of land that is available between its harbour and the surrounding hills. It has very few open areas in which to expand, and this has brought about the development of the suburban towns. Because of its location in the Roaring Forties and its exposure to the winds blowing through Cook Strait, Wellington is the world's windiest city, with an average wind speed of , and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "461573", "score": "0.99180263", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Edinburgh of the Seven Seas", "text": "Edinburgh of the Seven Seas Edinburgh of the Seven Seas is the main settlement of the island of Tristan da Cunha, in Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, an overseas territory of the United Kingdom, in the South Atlantic Ocean. Locally, it is always referred to as The Settlement or The Village. Edinburgh of the Seven Seas is regarded as the most remote permanent settlement on Earth, being from the nearest other human settlement, on Saint Helena. The settlement was founded on the island of Tristan da Cunha in 1816 by a Sergeant Glass from the Borders of Scotland", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6681572", "score": "0.9864396", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Coton in the Elms", "text": "Inn dates back to the 17th century, part of the premises was once a shop. Another pub, the Shoulder of Mutton, closed in 2010 and is currently being converted to a house. Southeast of the village – at – is Church Flatts Farm, which is calculated by the Ordnance Survey to be the farthest point from the sea (at the mean low water line) in Great Britain. The location is Latitude: 52° 43.6' N Longitude: 1° 37.2' W. This place in Coton was chosen as equidistant from Fosdyke Wash in Lincolnshire; White Sands between Neston in Cheshire and Flint, Flintshire", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7090257", "score": "0.9782594", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Coton in the Elms", "text": "Coton in the Elms is a village and parish in the English county of Derbyshire. At 70 miles (113 km) from the coast, it is the furthest place in the United Kingdom from coastal waters. The population of the civil parish as of the 2011 census was 896. It is located 5 miles southwest of Swadlincote and 6 miles south of Burton upon Trent.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador", "text": "the Atlantic Ocean, on the northeast of the Avalon Peninsula in southeast Newfoundland. The city covers and is North America's most easterly city, excluding Greenland; it is closer to London, England than it is to Edmonton, Alberta. The city of St. John's is a distance by air of from Lorient, France which lies on a nearly identical latitude across the Atlantic on the French western coast. The city is the largest in the province and the second largest in the Atlantic Provinces after Halifax, Nova Scotia. Its downtown area lies to the west and north of St. John's Harbour, and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "787229", "score": "0.97561836", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Great Britain", "text": "or the \"Kingdom of Great Britain\". Great Britain lies on the European continental shelf, part of the Eurasian Plate. Situated off the north-west coast of continental Europe, it is separated from the mainland by the North Sea and by the English Channel, which narrows to at the Straits of Dover. It stretches over about ten degrees of latitude on its longer, north-south axis and occupies an area of , excluding the smaller surrounding islands. The North Channel, Irish Sea, St George's Channel and Celtic Sea separate the island from the island of Ireland to its west. The island is physically", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10971590", "score": "0.9672722", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Farringdon, London", "text": "Victoria area. The station and its immediate environs are located at the southernmost tip of Clerkenwell in the London Borough of Islington very close to the northern boundary of the City of London and the eastern boundary of the London Borough of Camden. Farringdon Station and its environs were previously within the Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury and are now within the London Borough of Islington. Planned redevelopment and expansion of Farringdon Station is expected to have a significant effect on the local area. The station is currently served by the Thameslink north-south rail route; it is planned that this will", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2348979", "score": "0.9669932", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Second city of the United Kingdom", "text": "claims have been made on behalf of Cardiff and Belfast due to their status as the respective capital cities of Wales and Northern Ireland. Furthermore, a number of opinion polls have been conducted since 2000 and complicate the issue further, with public response showing a consistent view amongst the British population that Manchester is the second city. Birmingham is technically the United Kingdom's most populous city; the City of London has fewer than 10,000 inhabitants, and Greater London is not recognized as a city. Since the formation of the United Kingdom, several places have been described as the \"second city\".", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7725024", "score": "0.9644445", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "London", "text": "London London ( ) is the capital and largest city of the United Kingdom. Standing on the River Thames in southeastern England, upstream from its estuary with the North Sea, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. \"Londinium\" was founded by the Romans. The City of London, London's ancient core − an area of just and colloquially known as the Square Mile − retains its medieval boundaries. The City of Westminster is also an Inner London borough holding city status. Greater London is governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly. London is often considered as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "236683", "score": "0.96158236", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "City of London", "text": "City is \"\"Domine dirige nos\"\", which translates as \"\"Lord, direct (guide) us\"\". It appears to have been adopted in the 17th century, as the earliest record of it is in 1633. A banner of the arms (the design on the shield) is flown as a flag. The City is England's smallest ceremonial county by area and population, and the fourth most densely populated. Of the 326 English districts, it is the second smallest by population, after the Isles of Scilly, and the smallest by area. It is also the smallest English city by population (and in Britain, only two cities", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "83483", "score": "0.9578645", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "City of Westminster", "text": "are England's largest south coast holiday resorts. City of Westminster The City of Westminster is an Inner London borough which also holds city status. It occupies much of the central area of Greater London including most of the West End. It is to the west of the ancient City of London, directly to the east of the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, and its southern boundary is the River Thames. The London borough was created with the 1965 establishment of Greater London. Upon its creation, it inherited the city status previously held by the smaller Metropolitan Borough of Westminster", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "647788", "score": "0.9558901", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Haroldswick", "text": "6 metres, then deepens considerably. The bay is located some north of the closest UK city, Inverness, in Scotland's Highland region and from London. Even Lerwick, the Shetland's capital and only town, is some to the south. However, Haroldswick's claim to be the northernmost settlement in the UK is surpassed by the tiny hamlet of Norwick-Skaw, situated to the north. The Methodist Church at Haroldswick is the northernmost church in Britain. For many years, Haroldswick Post Office was the most northerly in the UK and visitors could get a special postmark. Since the office's closure in 1999, this record is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6326271", "score": "0.95537305", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Liverpool", "text": "recent election this seat was won by Maria Eagle of the Labour Party. Liverpool has been described as having \"the most splendid setting of any English city.\" At (53.4, −2.98), northwest of London, located on the Liverpool Bay of the Irish Sea the city of Liverpool is built across a ridge of sandstone hills rising up to a height of around 230 feet (70 m) above sea-level at Everton Hill, which represents the southern boundary of the West Lancashire Coastal Plain. The Mersey Estuary separates Liverpool from the Wirral Peninsula. The boundaries of Liverpool are adjacent to Bootle, Crosby and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "248678", "score": "0.9540849", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "City of London", "text": "London borough, a status reserved for the other 32 districts (including London's only other city, the City of Westminster). It is also a separate county of England, being an enclave surrounded by Greater London. It is the smallest county in the United Kingdom. The City of London is widely referred to simply as the City (differentiated from the phrase \"the city of London\" by capitalising \"City\") and is also colloquially known as the Square Mile, as it is in area. Both of these terms are also often used as metonyms for the United Kingdom's trading and financial services industries, which", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "83438", "score": "0.9539577", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Rockall", "text": "Rockall Rockall () is a British uninhabited granite islet located within the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of the United Kingdom, situated in the North Atlantic Ocean. Its approximate distances from the closest large islands are: west of Scotland; northwest of Ireland; and 700 km (440 miles) south of Iceland. The nearest permanently inhabited place is North Uist, an island in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland, 370 km (230 miles) to the east. The United Kingdom claimed Rockall in 1955 and incorporated it as a part of Scotland in 1972. Ireland does not recognise this claim, although it has never sought", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "346200", "score": "0.9501955", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "City of London", "text": "in Wales are smaller), and the smallest in the UK by area. The elevation of the City ranges from sea level at the Thames to at the junction of High Holborn and Chancery Lane. Two small but notable hills are within the historic core, Ludgate Hill to the west and Cornhill to the east. Between them ran the Walbrook, one of the many \"lost\" rivers or streams of London (another is the Fleet). Official boundary map, with wards. Beginning in the west, where the City borders Westminster, the boundary crosses the Victoria Embankment from the Thames, passes to the west", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "83484", "score": "0.94981253", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Richmond, British Columbia", "text": "Fraser River delta, the largest and most populated island being Lulu Island. The city of Richmond includes all but a small portion of Lulu Island (the Queensborough neighbourhood at the far eastern tip is part of the city of New Westminster). The next largest island, Sea Island, is home to the Vancouver International Airport (YVR). In addition to Lulu and Sea Islands, 15 smaller islands make up the city's land area, including: The city also includes the fishing village of Steveston, located in the far southwest corner of the city, and Burkeville, which shares Sea Island with the airport. Both", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1479555", "score": "0.9497218", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Greater London", "text": "boundary with Kent, at 245 metres (804 ft). Central government has implemented small boundary changes. The greatest were the 1969 transfers of Farleigh to Surrey and Knockholt to Kent. Others have included exchange of two Thames islands with Surrey and adjustments during the 1990s to parts of the boundaries of three boroughs near the M25. The only part of Greater London outside the motorway is North Ockendon, the furthest land unit from its centre. The majority of Greater London forms the London low emission zone. The London postal district does not cover all of Greater London. The Mayor of London", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18584630", "score": "0.9487643", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Queen Elizabeth II Quay", "text": "Queen Elizabeth II Quay Queen Elizabeth II Quay, also known as QE II Quay () and by residents as the Deep Water Quay, is a locality in Freetown, Sierra Leone. It is located on a promontory called Fourah Point (also known variously as \"Farran\" Point, \"Farren\" Point, and \"Foura\" Point) on the southern bank of the estuary of the Sierra Leone River between Destruction Bay and Cline Bay within the suburb of Cline Town directly to the east of central Freetown. It is the larger of two harbors within Freetown, the other harbor known as Government Wharf, Freetown Port, or", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13220128", "score": "0.94827795", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Hoxtolgay", "text": "residents, officially domiciled elsewhere). Situated in Gurbantünggüt Desert, 30 miles WNW of a point listed as the farthest point from the sea (at ) by the \"Guinness Book of World Records\", Hoxtolgay may qualify as the town most remote from any (sea) coastline, roughly 2646 kilometres from the Arctic Ocean and a similar distance from the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea. (See Continental Pole of Inaccessibility for other candidates). The area is rich in mineral resources. Besides oil and coal, salt, limestone, quartz sand, and bentonite are also found here. Proven coal reserves are estimated at 30 billion", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10260895", "score": "0.94811", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "City of London", "text": "in the City raising loans and finance for the British government, the City \"has extracted privileges and freedoms from rules and laws to which the rest of Britain must submit\". He further claims that the assistance provided to the institutions based within it, many of which help their rich clients with offshore tax arrangements, mean that the City is \"a tax haven in its own right\". The documentary asserts the tax haven status that the City provides. City of London The City of London is a city and county that contains the historic centre and the primary central business district", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "83517", "score": "0.94702494", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Edinburgh", "text": "a minimum of . The city's proximity to the sea mitigates any large variations in temperature or extremes of climate. Given Edinburgh's position between the coast and hills, it is renowned as \"the windy city\", with the prevailing wind direction coming from the south west, which is often associated with warm, unstable air from the North Atlantic Current that can give rise to rainfall – although considerably less than cities to the west, such as Glasgow. Rainfall is distributed fairly evenly throughout the year. Winds from an easterly direction are usually drier but considerably colder, and may be accompanied by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "125606", "score": "0.9463286", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "City of London", "text": "Weather Centre at Kingsway/ Holborn, although observations ceased in 2010. Now St. James Park provides the nearest official readings. The City has an oceanic climate (Köppen \"Cfb\") modified by the Urban Heat Island in the centre of London. This generally causes higher night-time minima than outlying areas. For example, the August mean minimum of compares to a figure of for Greenwich and Heathrow whereas is at Wisley in the middle of several square miles of Metropolitan Green Belt. All figures refer to the observation period 1971–2000. Accordingly, the weather station holds the record for the UK's warmest overnight minimum temperature,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "83490", "score": "0.94546664", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Portsmouth", "text": "the coast in South East England, the city receives more sunshine per annum than most of the UK. The city gets around of rain a year, with a minimum of of rain reported on 103 days a year. Portsmouth, as the most densely populated city in the United Kingdom, is the only city whose population density exceeds that of London. As of the 2011 census, the city had 205,400 residents. This equates to 5,100 people living in every square kilometre (0.4 sq.mi.), which is eleven times more than the regional average of 440 people per square kilometre and more than", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "329046", "score": "0.94418156", "original_retrieval_index": 28 } ]

[ "7" ]

[ { "title": "ICD-10", "text": "classification, the code set allows for more than 14,000 different codes, and permits the tracking of many new diagnoses compared to the preceding ICD-9. Through the use of optional sub-classifications ICD-10 allows for specificity regarding the cause, manifestation, location, severity, and type of injury or disease. The adapted versions may differ in a number of ways, and some national editions have expanded the code set even further; with some going so far as to add procedure codes. ICD-10-CM, for example, has over 70,000 codes. The WHO provides detailed information regarding the ICD via their website – including an ICD-10 online", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11034484", "score": "1.1827066", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "ICD-10 Procedure Coding System", "text": "is the 'section'. The second through seventh characters mean different things in each section. Each character can be any of 34 possible values the ten digits 0-9 and the 24 letters A-H, J-N and P-Z may be used in each character. The letters O and I are excluded to avoid confusion with the numbers 0 and 1. There are no decimals in ICD-10-PCS Of the 72,081 codes in ICD-10-PCS, 62,022 are in the first section, \"Medical and surgical\". For medical/surgical, these are the root operation codes: 00 alteration; 01 bypass; 02 change; 03 control; 04 creation; 05 destruction; 06 detachment;", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6232554", "score": "1.1565709", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "ICD-10", "text": "70,000 ICD-10-PCS procedure codes and over 69,000 ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes, compared to about 3,800 procedure codes and roughly 14,000 diagnosis codes found in the previous ICD-9-CM. There was much controversy when the transition from the ICD-9-CM to the ICD-10-CM was first announced in the US. Many providers were concerned about the vast number of codes being added, the complexity of the new coding system, and the costs associated with the transition . The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) weighed these concerns against the benefits of having more accurate data collection, clearer documentation of diagnoses and procedures, and more", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11034492", "score": "1.1553979", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "ICD-10 Procedure Coding System", "text": "ICD-10 Procedure Coding System The ICD-10 Procedure Coding System (ICD-10-PCS) is an international system of medical classification used for procedural coding. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, the agency responsible for maintaining the inpatient procedure code set in the U.S., contracted with 3M Health Information Systems in 1995 to design and then develop a procedure classification system to replace Volume 3 of ICD-9-CM. ICD-9-CM contains a procedure classification; ICD-10-CM does not. ICD-10-PCS is the result. ICD-10-PCS was initially released in 1998. It has been updated annually since that time. Each code consists of seven alphanumeric characters. The first character", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6232553", "score": "1.1278384", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "ICD-10", "text": "ICD-10 ICD-10 is the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD), a medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO). It contains codes for diseases, signs and symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances, and external causes of injury or diseases. Work on ICD-10 began in 1983, became endorsed by the Forty-third World Health Assembly in 1990, and was first used by member states in 1994. Whilst WHO manage and publish the base version of the ICD; it has been modified by several member states to better suit their needs. In the base", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11034483", "score": "1.126837", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "ICD-10 Clinical Modification", "text": "a seventh character for codes in chapters M, O, R, S, T, V, W, X, Y. If there are fewer than six characters in the code (not counting the decimal point) the placeholder \"x\" is used to ensure that the seventh character is always in the seventh position. For example, \"A\" (for initial encounter) is in the seventh position in \"S03.4xxA Sprain of jaw, initial encounter\". ICD-10-CM has two types of excludes notes. This chapter contains the following blocks: This chapter contains the following broad groups of neoplasms: This chapter contains the following blocks: This chapter contains the following blocks:", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14364898", "score": "1.108154", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "ICD-10 Clinical Modification", "text": "contains the following blocks: Note: CODES FROM THIS CHAPTER ARE NOT FOR USE ON MATERNAL OR FETAL RECORDS This chapter contains the following blocks: This chapter contains the following blocks: This chapter contains the following blocks: This chapter contains the following blocks: The appropriate 7th character is to be added to each code from category. 7th character 0 is for single gestations and multiple gestations where the fetus is unspecified. 7th characters 1 through 9 are for cases of multiple gestations to identify the fetus for which the code applies. A fracture not designated as open or closed should be", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14364900", "score": "1.1043241", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "ICD coding for rare diseases", "text": "ICD-10-CM, a Clinical Modification of the WHO standard for diagnoses adapted for insurance reimbursement and billing purposes. This version allows for further breakdown of a code, which increases diagnosis specificity. Currently, published material that reference ICD-9-CM codes, which were used before October 1, 2015; however, not every code in the ICD-9-CM has a corresponding code in ICD-10-CM. Europe and other parts of the world use the ICD-10. The root codes for ICD-10 and ICD-10-CM are the same, making it helpful for locating codes for general body systems and disease processes. A good place to start is to contact an advocacy", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20263573", "score": "1.0883553", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "MEDCIN", "text": "updated version of the software embedded with ICD-10-CM (International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification) mappings and functionality to comply with the transition from ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM as mandated by the US Department of Health and Human Services. This new version is specially designed to make the ICD-10 more usable in the EHR systems by providing clinicians easier access to bi-directional mappings, accurate data and codes through their EHR products. The ICD-10 is published by the World Health Organization (WHO) to enable the systematic collection of morbidity and mortality data from different countries for statistical analysis. MEDCIN terminology engine", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9633305", "score": "1.0779915", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "ICD-10", "text": "has inspired a mixed reaction from the healthcare community. Even though the deadline for ICD-10 was pushed back repeatedly, CMS recommended that medical practices take several years to prepare for implementation of the new code set. The basic structure of the ICD-10-CM code is the following: Characters 1–3 (the category of disease); 4 (etiology of disease); 5 (body part affected); 6 (severity of illness); and 7 (placeholder for extension of the code to increase specificity). Not only must new software be installed and tested, but medical practices must provide training for physicians, staff members, and administrators. They will also need", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "ICD-10", "text": "ten provinces, with Quebec the last to make the switch. ICD-10-CA is available in both English and French language versions. China adopted ICD-10 in 2002. The Czech Republic adopted ICD-10 in 1994, one year after official release from WHO. The Czech Republic uses the international version without any local modifications. the Czech Republic has adopted all updates to the international version (namely in 2004, 2010, 2011, 2012). France introduced a clinical addendum to ICD-10 in 1997. See also website of the ATIH. Germany's ICD-10 German Modification (ICD-10-GM) is based on ICD-10-AM. ICD-10-GM was developed between 2003 and 2004, by the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11034487", "score": "1.0582104", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "ICD-10 Clinical Modification", "text": "ICD-10 Clinical Modification International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) provided by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) and the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), for medical coding and reporting in the United States. The ICD-10-CM is a morbidity classification for classifying diagnoses and reason for visits in all American health care settings. The ICD-10-CM is based on the ICD-10, the statistical classification of disease published by the World Health Organization (WHO) which replaces ICD-9. General rules for use of the guidelines. They are incorporated within the ICD-10-CM as instructional notes. ICD-10-CM Diagnosis codes are", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14364896", "score": "1.0543308", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "ICD-10", "text": "improvement from ICD-9 which had a limited number of codes and a restrictive structure. Early concerns in the implementation of ICD-10 included the cost and the availability of resources for training healthcare workers and professional coders. Two common complaints in the United States about the ICD-10-CM are 1) the long list of potentially relevant codes for a given condition (such as rheumatoid arthritis) which can be confusing and reduce efficiency and 2) the assigned codes for seldom seen conditions (i.e W55.22XA: Struck by cow, initial encounter and V91.07XA: Burn due to water-skis on fire, initial encounter). ICD-10 ICD-10 is the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11034495", "score": "1.0411048", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "ICD-10", "text": "the UK Government made a commitment to update the UK version of ICD-10 every three years. On 1 April 2016, following a year's delay, ICD-10 5th Edition replaced the 4th Edition as the mandated diagnostic classification within the UK. For disease reporting, the US utilizes its own national variant of ICD-10 called the ICD-10 Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM). A procedural classification called ICD-10 Procedure Coding System (ICD-10-PCS) has also been developed for capturing inpatient procedures. The ICD-10-CM and ICD-10-PCS were developed by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) and the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). There are over", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11034491", "score": "1.0400565", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Health information technology", "text": "are substandard, as illustrated in a 14-part detailed analysis done at the University of Sydney. The HIMSS Revenue Cycle Improvement Task Force was formed to prepare for the IT changes in the U.S. (e.g. the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (HITECH), Affordable Care Act, 5010 (electronic exchanges), ICD-10). An important change to the revenue cycle is the international classification of diseases (ICD) codes from 9 to 10. ICD-9 codes are set up to use three to five alphanumeric codes that represent 4,000 different types of procedures, while ICD-10 uses three to seven alphanumeric codes increasing procedural codes to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12535561", "score": "1.0370939", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems", "text": "is updated annually on October 1. It consists of two or three volumes: The NCHS and the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services are the U.S. governmental agencies responsible for overseeing all changes and modifications to the ICD-9-CM. Work on ICD-10 began in 1983, and the new revision was endorsed by the Forty-third World Health Assembly in May 1990. The latest version came into use in WHO Member States starting in 1994. The classification system allows more than 155,000 different codes and permits tracking of many new diagnoses and procedures, a significant expansion on the 17,000 codes available in ICD-9.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "204891", "score": "1.0334656", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "ICD-10", "text": "browser and ICD training materials. The online training includes a support forum, a self learning tool, and user guide. The following table lists the chapter number (using Roman numerals), the code range of each chapter, and the chapter's title from the international version of the ICD-10. Approximately 27 countries use ICD-10 for reimbursement and resource allocation in their health system, and some have made modifications to ICD to better accommodate its utility. The unchanged international version of ICD-10 is used in 117 countries for performing cause of death reporting and statistics. The national versions may differ from the base classification", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11034485", "score": "1.0297809", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems", "text": "the ICD-10 (without clinical extensions) was adopted for reporting mortality, but ICD-9-CM was still used for morbidity. Meanwhile, NCHS received permission from the WHO to create a clinical modification of the ICD-10, and has production of all these systems: On 21 August 2008, the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) proposed new code sets to be used for reporting diagnoses and procedures on health care transactions. Under the proposal, the ICD-9-CM code sets would be replaced with the ICD-10-CM code sets, effective 1 October 2013. On 17 April 2012 the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) published", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "204893", "score": "1.0290022", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "ICD-10", "text": "in the level of detail, incomplete adoption of a category, or the addition of procedure codes. Introduced in 1998, ICD-10 Australian Modification (ICD-10-AM) was developed by the National Centre for Classification in Health at the University of Sydney. It is currently maintained by the Australian Consortium for Classification Development. As well as Australia, ICD-10-AM has also been adopted by New Zealand, Republic of Ireland, Saudi Arabia, and several others. Brazil introduced ICD-10 in 1996. Canada began using ICD-10 for mortality reporting in 2000. A six-year, phased implementation of ICD-10-CA for morbidity reporting began in 2001. It was staggered across Canada's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11034486", "score": "1.0250288", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems", "text": "Adoption was relatively swift in most of the world. Several materials are made available online by WHO to facilitate its use, including a manual, training guidelines, a browser, and files for download. Some countries have adapted the international standard, such as the \"ICD-10-AM\" published in Australia in 1998 (also used in New Zealand), and the \"ICD-10-CA\" introduced in Canada in 2000. ICD-10-CM Adoption of ICD-10-CM was slow in the United States. Since 1979, the US had required ICD-9-CM codes for Medicare and Medicaid claims, and most of the rest of the American medical industry followed suit. On 1 January 1999", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "204892", "score": "1.0233575", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Clinical coder", "text": "many of which, especially in the Western developed countries, and beyond, use the ICD-10 for diagnostic medical coding, which is a quite complex system of codes. The change to more regulation and training has also been driven by the need to create accurate, detailed, and secure medical records- especially patient charts, bills, and claim form submissions, that can be recorded efficiently in an electronic era of medical records where they need to be carefully shared between different providers or institutions of care, which was encouraged and later required by legislation and institutional policy. In many countries clinical coders are accommodated", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10974143", "score": "1.0230347", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "ICD-10", "text": "German Institute for Medical Documentation and Information. A Korean modification has existed since 2008. The Dutch translation of ICD-10 is ICD10-nl, which was created by the WHO-FIC Network in 1994. There is an online dictionary. The Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation ordered in 1997 to transfer all health organizations to ICD-10. ICD-10 was implemented in July 2005 under the auspice of the National ICD-10 Implementation Task Team which is a joint task team between the National Department of Health and the Council for Medical Schemes. The current Swedish translation of ICD-10 was created in 1997. A clinical modification", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11034488", "score": "1.0187975", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems", "text": "describe the clinical picture of the patient. The diagnosis component of ICD-9-CM is completely consistent with ICD-9 codes, and remains the data standard for reporting morbidity. National adaptations of the ICD-10 progressed to incorporate both clinical code (ICD-10-CM) and procedure code (ICD-10-PCS) with the revisions completed in 2003. In 2009, the U.S. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services announced that it would begin using ICD-10 on April 1, 2010, with full compliance by all involved parties by 2013. The years for which causes of death in the United States have been classified by each revision as follows: Cause of death", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "204900", "score": "1.0089519", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "ICD-10 Chapter XXI: Factors influencing health status and contact with health services", "text": "ICD-10 Chapter XXI: Factors influencing health status and contact with health services ICD-10 is an international statistical classification used in health care and related industries. Produced by the World Health Organization, it is used in several countries around the world. Some have gone on to develop their own national enhancements, building off the international classification. Chapter XXI of ICD-10 captures factors influencing health status and contact with health services. During some health encounters it may not be appropriate to use a code from Chapters I-XIX. As such codes from this chapter can be used in the primary diagnosis field when", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6758146", "score": "1.0062321", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems", "text": "underlying general disease and a manifestation in a particular organ or site. This system became known as the dagger and asterisk system and is retained in the Tenth Revision. A number of other technical innovations were included in the Ninth Revision, aimed at increasing its flexibility for use in a variety of situations. It was eventually replaced by ICD-10, the version currently in use by the WHO and most countries. Given the widespread expansion in the tenth revision, it is not possible to convert ICD-9 data sets directly into ICD-10 data sets, although some tools are available to help guide", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "204888", "score": "1.0033419", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems", "text": "circumstances, and external causes of injury or disease. This system is designed to map health conditions to corresponding generic categories together with specific variations, assigning for these a designated code, up to six characters long. Thus, major categories are designed to include a set of similar diseases. ICD-11 is a major step forward, because it has the necessary terminological and ontological elements for seamless use in digital health. The ICD is published by the WHO and used worldwide for morbidity and mortality statistics, reimbursement systems, and automated decision support in health care. This system is designed to promote international comparability", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "204874", "score": "0.9963858", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "ICD coding for rare diseases", "text": "drugs. Orphanet outlines the ICD-10 coding rules for rare diseases included in their database. The Orphanet database also often includes coding information for the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), and more. When a diagnosis has not been established, or when a code does not exist for a specific rare disease, general coding guidelines indicate that it is acceptable to use codes that describe signs and symptoms. Several online resources can help locate ICD codes: ICD coding for rare diseases The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is the code used for the purpose of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20263575", "score": "0.9769647", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "ICD-10", "text": "published in 1998, the ICD-10-TM (Thai Modification) is a Thai language version of ICD-10. Maintenance and development of ICD-10-TM is the responsibility of the Thai Health Coding Center (THCC), a department of the Thai Ministry of Public Health. The current version of ICD-10-TM is based on the 2016 version of ICD-10. An unusual feature of the index of ICD-10-TM is that it is bilingual, containing both Thai and English trails. Along with Czechoslovakia and Denmark; Thailand was one of the first adopters of ICD-10 for coding purposes. ICD-10 was first mandated for use in the UK in 1995. In 2010", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11034490", "score": "0.97459084", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "ICD-10 Clinical Modification", "text": "coded to closed A fracture not designated as open or closed should be coded to closed The open fracture designations are based on the Gustilo open fracture classification A fracture not designated as open or closed should be coded to closed ICD-10 Clinical Modification International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) provided by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) and the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), for medical coding and reporting in the United States. The ICD-10-CM is a morbidity classification for classifying diagnoses and reason for visits in all American health care settings. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14364901", "score": "0.97289836", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems", "text": "in the collection, processing, classification, and presentation of these statistics. Like the analogous \"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders\" (which is limited to psychiatric disorders and almost exclusive to the United States), the ICD is a major project to statistically classify all health disorders, and provide diagnostic assistance. The ICD is a core statistically based classificatory diagnostic system for health care related issues of the WHO Family of International Classifications (WHO-FIC). The ICD is revised periodically and is currently in its 10th revision. ICD-10, as it is therefore known, is from 1992 and the WHO publishes annual minor updates", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "204875", "score": "0.97037935", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "pia mater", "The pia mater" ]

[ { "title": "Cranial cavity", "text": "Cranial cavity The cranial cavity, also known as intracranial space, is the space within the skull. The skull, also known as the cranium, contains the brain. Meninges are protective membranes that surround the brain to minimize damage of the brain when there is head trauma. Meningitis is the inflammation of meninges caused by bacterial or viral infections. The spaces between meninges and the brain are filled with a clear cerebrospinal fluid, increasing the protection of the brain. Facial bones of the skull are not included in the cranial cavity. There are only eight cranial bones: The occipital, two parietal, the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6529901", "score": "1.0315188", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Meningeal lymphatic vessels", "text": "in a variety of news outlets, including Time Magazine, The Guardian, The Huffington Post, NPR, and several science blogs. Meningeal lymphatic vessels The meningeal lymphatic vessels (or meningeal lymphatics) are a recently discovered network of conventional lymphatic vessels located parallel to the dural sinuses and meningeal arteries of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). As a part of the lymphatic system, the meningeal lymphatics are responsible for draining immune cells, small molecules, and excess fluid from the CNS and into the deep cervical lymph nodes. While it was initially believed that both the brain and meninges were devoid of lymphatic", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18871170", "score": "1.0199624", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Meningioma", "text": "Meningioma Meningioma, also known as meningeal tumor, is typically a slow-growing tumor that forms from the meninges, the membranous layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Symptoms depend on the location and occur as a result of the tumor pressing on nearby tissue. Many cases never produce symptoms. Occasionally seizures, dementia, trouble talking, vision problems, one sided weakness, or loss of bladder control may occur. Risk factors include exposure to ionizing radiation such as during radiation therapy, a family history of the condition, and neurofibromatosis type 2. As of 2014 they do not appear to be related to cell phone", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3819971", "score": "1.017951", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Meningeal lymphatic vessels", "text": "Meningeal lymphatic vessels The meningeal lymphatic vessels (or meningeal lymphatics) are a recently discovered network of conventional lymphatic vessels located parallel to the dural sinuses and meningeal arteries of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). As a part of the lymphatic system, the meningeal lymphatics are responsible for draining immune cells, small molecules, and excess fluid from the CNS and into the deep cervical lymph nodes. While it was initially believed that both the brain and meninges were devoid of lymphatic vasculature, two recent studies by Antoine Louveau and Jonathan Kipnis at the University of Virginia, submitted in October 2014,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18871155", "score": "1.0133264", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Meningioma", "text": "the site of greatest prevalence for meningioma formation. They most frequently are attached to the dura over the superior parasagittal surface of frontal and parietal lobes, along the sphenoid ridge, in the olfactory grooves, the sylvian region, superior cerebellum along the \"falx cerebri\", cerebellopontine angle, and the spinal cord. The tumor is usually gray, well-circumscribed, and takes on the form of the space it occupies. They usually are dome-shaped, with the base lying on the dura. Other uncommon locations are the lateral ventricle, foramen magnum, and the orbit/optic nerve sheath. Meningiomas also may occur as a spinal tumor, more often", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3819976", "score": "1.0108173", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Meningeal lymphatic vessels", "text": "his lab is relatively unique in studying the meninges, a system of membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord. “We are among the few labs who are interested in this very unique area of the brain: the coverings of the brain - the so-called ‘meninges.’ We’ve been looking into this area for a few years now,” Kipnis said. “I was lucky to have a phenomenal post-doctoral fellow in my lab, Dr. Antoine Louveau, who developed a very unique technique of mounting this entire covering as a whole-mount. I think this is what allowed us to find those vessels.” To", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18871161", "score": "1.0100859", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Dura mater", "text": "two layers of dura mater run together throughout most of the skull. Where they separate, the gap between them is called a dural venous sinus. These sinuses drain blood and cerebrospinal fluid from the brain and empty into the internal jugular vein. Arachnoid villi, which are outgrowths of the arachnoid mater (the middle meningeal layer), extend into the venous sinuses to drain CSF. These villi act as one-way valves. Meningeal veins, which course through the dura mater, and bridging veins, which drain the underlying neural tissue and puncture the dura mater, empty into these dural sinuses. A rupture of a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3085096", "score": "1.0068734", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Eardrum", "text": "Consisting of two layers and appearing slightly pinkish in hue, it is associated with Eustachian tube dysfunction and cholesteatomas. The larger pars tensa consists of three layers: skin, fibrous tissue, and mucosa. Its thick periphery forms a fibrocartilaginous ring called the anulus tympanicus, while the central umbo tents inward at the level of the tip of malleus. The middle fibrous layer, containing radial, circular, and parabolic fibers, encloses the handle of malleus. Though comparatively robust, the pars tensa is the region more commonly associated with perforations. The manubrium () of the malleus is firmly attached to the medial surface of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1217988", "score": "1.0053058", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Meningeal branches of spinal nerve", "text": "Meningeal branches of spinal nerve The meningeal branches of the spinal nerves (also known as recurrent meningeal nerves, sinuvertebral nerves, or recurrent nerves of Luschka) are a number of small nerves that branch from the segmental spinal nerve near the origin of the anterior and posterior rami, but before the rami communicantes; rami communicantes are branches which communicate between the spinal nerves and the sympathetic trunk. They then re-enter the intervertebral foramen, and innervate the facet joints, the anulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disc, and the ligaments and periosteum of the spinal canal, carrying pain sensation. The nucleus pulposus of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14466153", "score": "1.0022949", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Meninges", "text": "The pia mater (Latin: tender mother) is a very delicate membrane. It is the meningeal envelope that firmly adheres to the surface of the brain and spinal cord, following all of the brain's contours (the gyri and sulci). It is a very thin membrane composed of fibrous tissue covered on its outer surface by a sheet of flat cells thought to be impermeable to fluid. The pia mater is pierced by blood vessels to the brain and spinal cord, and its capillaries nourish the brain.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Paleoneurobiology", "text": "case in humans. Scientists use the presence of petalias to show sophistication, but they are not a definitive indicator of evolution toward a more human brain. Although the meninges have no link to behavior, they are still studied within the realm of paleoneurobiology due to the high degree of conservation of meningeal patterns within a species which may serve as a way to determine taxonomy and phylogeny. Because meningeal blood vessels comprise part of the outermost layer of the brain, they often leave vascular grooves in the cranial cavity that are captured in endocasts. Endocranial vasculature originates around the foramina", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14492671", "score": "0.9986682", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Brain", "text": "vessels enter the central nervous system through holes in the meningeal layers. The cells in the blood vessel walls are joined tightly to one another, forming the blood–brain barrier, which blocks the passage of many toxins and pathogens (though at the same time blocking antibodies and some drugs, thereby presenting special challenges in treatment of diseases of the brain). Neuroanatomists usually divide the vertebrate brain into six main regions: the telencephalon (cerebral hemispheres), diencephalon (thalamus and hypothalamus), mesencephalon (midbrain), cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata. Each of these areas has a complex internal structure. Some parts, such as the cerebral cortex", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "44907", "score": "0.9944012", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Falx cerebri", "text": "the tumor grows into the inferior edge of the sagittal sinus. However, although much information is available regarding meningiomas, little is known about falcine meningiomas. Falx cerebri The falx cerebri is also known as the cerebral falx, named from its sickle-like form. It is a large, crescent-shaped fold of meningeal layer of dura mater that descends vertically in the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral hemispheres of the human brain. The falx cerebri attaches anteriorly at the crista galli in proximity to the cribriform plate and to the frontal and ethmoid sinuses. Posteriorly, it is connected with the upper surface of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5848061", "score": "0.9919647", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Nervous system", "text": "the spinal cord. The spinal canal contains the spinal cord, while the cranial cavity contains the brain. The CNS is enclosed and protected by the meninges, a three-layered system of membranes, including a tough, leathery outer layer called the dura mater. The brain is also protected by the skull, and the spinal cord by the vertebrae. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is a collective term for the nervous system structures that do not lie within the CNS. The large majority of the axon bundles called nerves are considered to belong to the PNS, even when the cell bodies of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "294308", "score": "0.98889554", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Meninges", "text": "anatomist, carried out comparative studies on the meninges from the lancelet to the human. Contrary to previous reports, the spinal meninges were seen to be very simple, both in the adult lower vertebrates and in the early developmental stages of the more advanced vertebrates. From the mesenchyme surrounding the neural tube only a single leaflet forms the primitive meninx. In the following phylogenetic and ontogenetic stages, the latter divides into an internal leaflet: the secondary meninx, and into an external one: the dura mater. Finally, in higher vertebrates, even the secondary meninx divides into the arachnoid and the pia. In", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2410006", "score": "0.98622465", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Middle meningeal artery", "text": "pterion. It is vulnerable to injury at this point, where the skull is thin. Rupture of the artery may give rise to an epidural hematoma. In the dry cranium, the middle meningeal, which runs within the dura mater surrounding the brain, makes a deep indention in the calvarium. The middle meningeal artery is intimately associated with the auriculotemporal nerve, which wraps around the artery making the two easily identifiable in the dissection of human cadavers and also easily damaged in surgery. It ascends between the sphenomandibular ligament and the pterygoideus externus (lateral pterygoid muscle), and between the two roots of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3815843", "score": "0.9808136", "original_retrieval_index": 34 }, { "title": "Dura mater", "text": "surrounds and supports the dural sinuses (also called dural venous sinuses, cerebral sinuses, or cranial sinuses) and carries blood from the brain toward the heart. The dura mater has two layers, or \"lamellae\": The superficial layer (also called the periosteal layer), which serves as the skull's inner periosteum, called the endocranium; and a deep layer called the meningeal layer; the actual dura mater. When it covers the spinal cord it is known as the \"dural sac\" or thecal sac. The dura separates into two layers at \"dural reflections\" (also known as \"dural folds\"), places where the inner dural layer is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3085093", "score": "0.9789218", "original_retrieval_index": 36 }, { "title": "Pia mater", "text": "the inflammation of the pia and arachnoid mater. This is often due to bacteria that have entered the subarachnoid space, but can also be caused by viruses, fungi, as well as non-infectious causes such as certain drugs. It is believed that bacterial meningitis is caused by bacteria that enter the central nervous system through the blood stream. The molecular tools these pathogens would require to cross the meningeal layers and the blood–brain barrier are not yet well understood. Inside the subarachnoid, bacteria replicate and cause inflammation from released toxins such as hydrogen peroxide (HO) . These toxins have been found", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2603331", "score": "0.97831607", "original_retrieval_index": 37 }, { "title": "Cranial cavity", "text": "cavity is 1,200–1,700 cm. Neurocranium Intracranial pressure Cranial cavity The cranial cavity, also known as intracranial space, is the space within the skull. The skull, also known as the cranium, contains the brain. Meninges are protective membranes that surround the brain to minimize damage of the brain when there is head trauma. Meningitis is the inflammation of meninges caused by bacterial or viral infections. The spaces between meninges and the brain are filled with a clear cerebrospinal fluid, increasing the protection of the brain. Facial bones of the skull are not included in the cranial cavity. There are only eight", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6529903", "score": "0.97734654", "original_retrieval_index": 39 }, { "title": "Jonathan Kipnis", "text": "part of the lymphatic system, the meningeal lymphatics are responsible for draining immune cells, small molecules, and excess fluid from the CNS and into the deep cervical lymph nodes. While it was initially believed that both the brain and meninges were devoid of lymphatic vasculature, the landmark Nature paper by Jonathan Kipnis and his postdoctoral fellow Antoine Louveau was published in 2015. By 2017, this paper was cited nearly 600 times, putting it in the 99th percentile for articles published that year. His discovery of meningeal lymphatic vessels has attracted attention from many sources, and was touted as a scientific", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19843255", "score": "0.97347176", "original_retrieval_index": 41 }, { "title": "Meningeal syphilis", "text": "a bacterial infection can result in the cerebrospinal fluid. This fluid circulates through the brain and spinal cord, and it is produced in the choroid plexuses. The meninges consists of three connective tissues that cover the spinal cord and brain. They are lined with vertebral cavities, which is used as protection for the central nervous system. When the cerebrospinal fluid is infected, the meninges become inflamed and can start to deteriorate. This inflammation of the membranes causes meningitis. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease that is brought upon by the gram negative bacteria, Treponema pallidum. Treponema pallidum are various spiral", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17565888", "score": "0.97200835", "original_retrieval_index": 42 }, { "title": "Meningeal branches of spinal nerve", "text": "the intervertebral disk has no pain innervation. Meningeal branches of spinal nerve The meningeal branches of the spinal nerves (also known as recurrent meningeal nerves, sinuvertebral nerves, or recurrent nerves of Luschka) are a number of small nerves that branch from the segmental spinal nerve near the origin of the anterior and posterior rami, but before the rami communicantes; rami communicantes are branches which communicate between the spinal nerves and the sympathetic trunk. They then re-enter the intervertebral foramen, and innervate the facet joints, the anulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disc, and the ligaments and periosteum of the spinal canal,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14466154", "score": "0.96780384", "original_retrieval_index": 44 }, { "title": "Falx cerebri", "text": "Falx cerebri The falx cerebri is also known as the cerebral falx, named from its sickle-like form. It is a large, crescent-shaped fold of meningeal layer of dura mater that descends vertically in the longitudinal fissure between the cerebral hemispheres of the human brain. The falx cerebri attaches anteriorly at the crista galli in proximity to the cribriform plate and to the frontal and ethmoid sinuses. Posteriorly, it is connected with the upper surface of the cerebellar tentorium. Its superior margin is attached at midline to internal surface of skull, as far back as the internal occipital protuberance. The superior", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5848059", "score": "0.9673912", "original_retrieval_index": 45 }, { "title": "Spina bifida", "text": "posterior meningocele () or meningeal cyst () is the least common form of spina bifida. In this form, a single developmental defect allows the meninges to herniate between the vertebrae. As the nervous system remains undamaged, individuals with meningocele are unlikely to suffer long-term health problems, although cases of tethered cord have been reported. Causes of meningocele include teratoma and other tumors of the sacrococcyx and of the presacral space, and Currarino syndrome. A meningocele may also form through dehiscences in the base of the skull. These may be classified by their localisation to occipital, frontoethmoidal, or nasal. Endonasal meningoceles", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1669152", "score": "0.96386135", "original_retrieval_index": 47 }, { "title": "Human brain", "text": "convoluted appearance. Beneath the cortex is the white matter of the brain. The largest part of the cerebral cortex is the neocortex, which has six neuronal layers. The rest of the cortex is of allocortex, which has three or four layers. The hemispheres are connected by five commissures that span the longitudinal fissure, the largest of these is the corpus callosum. The surface of the brain is folded into ridges (gyri) and grooves (sulci), many of which are named, usually according to their position, such as the frontal gyrus of the frontal lobe or the central sulcus separating the central", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2708417", "score": "0.9587585", "original_retrieval_index": 49 }, { "title": "Epicranial aponeurosis", "text": "in this situation it loses its aponeurotic character, and is continued over the temporal fascia to the zygomatic arch as a layer of laminated areolar tissue. It is closely connected to the integument by the firm, dense, fibro-fatty layer which forms the superficial fascia of the scalp: it is attached to the pericranium by loose cellular tissue, which allows the aponeurosis, carrying with it the integument, to move through a considerable distance. Epicranial aponeurosis The epicranial aponeurosis (aponeurosis epicranialis, galea aponeurotica) is an aponeurosis (a tough layer of dense fibrous tissue) which covers the upper part of the cranium in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5926228", "score": "0.94721496", "original_retrieval_index": 50 }, { "title": "Meningitis", "text": "The outermost membrane, the dura mater, is a thick durable membrane, which is attached to both the arachnoid membrane and the skull. In bacterial meningitis, bacteria reach the meninges by one of two main routes: through the bloodstream or through direct contact between the meninges and either the nasal cavity or the skin. In most cases, meningitis follows invasion of the bloodstream by organisms that live upon mucous surfaces such as the nasal cavity. This is often in turn preceded by viral infections, which break down the normal barrier provided by the mucous surfaces. Once bacteria have entered the bloodstream,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12886866", "score": "0.94564927", "original_retrieval_index": 51 }, { "title": "Human brain", "text": "is the outermost membrane of the cortex. The living brain is very soft, having a gel-like consistency similar to soft tofu. The cortical layers of neurons constitute much of the brain's grey matter, while the deeper subcortical regions of myelinated axons, make up the white matter. The cerebrum is the largest part of the human brain, and is divided into nearly symmetrical left and right hemispheres by a deep groove, the longitudinal fissure. The outer part of the cerebrum is the cerebral cortex, made up of grey matter arranged in layers. It is thick, and deeply folded to give a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2708416", "score": "0.9419161", "original_retrieval_index": 52 }, { "title": "Anatomy of the cerebellum", "text": "is located at the base of the brain, with the large mass of the cerebral cortex above it and the portion of the brainstem called the pons in front of it. It is separated from the overlying cerebrum by a layer of tough dura mater; all of its connections with other parts of the brain travel through the pons. Anatomists classify the cerebellum as part of the metencephalon, which also includes the pons; the metencephalon in turn is the upper part of the rhombencephalon or \"hindbrain\". Like the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum is divided into two hemispheres; it also contains", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14084984", "score": "0.94170153", "original_retrieval_index": 53 }, { "title": "Neomammalian brain", "text": "comparison ultimately concluded that the cerebral cortex (neomammalian Brain) has a different column structure to other organisms’. The discovery of the six layered neomammalian brain has allowed neuroscientists to research into their differing roles, and how each function interdependently to allow for complex thought to occur. The six layers have been separated into three different sections according to the role they play in the survival of a human. Layers one to three are referred to as the supragranular layers and play a vital role in the origin and termination of intercortical connections. Layer one is known as the molecular layer", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20935384", "score": "0.9398035", "original_retrieval_index": 54 } ]

[ "Louis Mountbatten", "Warren Hastings" ]

[ { "title": "Satyendra Prasanna Sinha, 1st Baron Sinha", "text": "Satyendra Prasanna Sinha, 1st Baron Sinha Satyendra Prasanna Sinha, 1st Baron Sinha, KCSI, PC, KC, (24 March 1863 – 4 March 1928) was a prominent lawyer and statesman in British India. He was the first Governor of Bihar and Orissa, first Indian Advocate-General of Bengal, first Indian to become a member of the Viceroy’s Council and the first Indian to become a member of the British ministry. He is sometimes also referred as Satyendra Prasanno Sinha or Satyendra Prasad Sinha. Sinha was born on 24 March 1863 in Raipur, Birbhum in Bengal Presidency, British India. His father was the zamindar", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4479136", "score": "0.9344672", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Lord William Bentinck", "text": "erratic behaviour over the recent months had led the Prime Minister Lord Liverpool to brand him simply \"mad\", and his scope of authority was sharply reduced; though he was not finally dismissed from his grand post as Commander-in-Chief in the Mediterranean until April the following year. Lord William Bentick was the first governor general of British India . Everyone else before him was the governor of bengal(Fort William) On his return to England, Bentinck served in the House of Commons for some years before being appointed Governor-General of Bengal in 1828. His principal concern was to turn around the loss-making", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3012852", "score": "0.92959785", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Governor-General of India", "text": "Institute of Advanced Study. Governor-General of India The Governor-General of India (or, from 1858 to 1947, officially the Viceroy and Governor-General of India, commonly shortened to Viceroy of India) was originally the head of the British administration in India and, later, after Indian independence in 1947, the representative of the Indian head of state. The office was created in 1773, with the title of \"Governor-General of the Presidency of Fort William\". The officer had direct control only over Fort William, but supervised other East India Company officials in India. Complete authority over all of British India was granted in 1833,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1924355", "score": "0.92425877", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Rajendrasinhji Jadeja", "text": "Rajendrasinhji Jadeja General Maharaj Shri Rajendrasinhji Jadeja, DSO (15 June 1899 – 1 January 1964), also known as Kumar Sri Rajendrasinhji and K.S. Rajendrasinhji, was the first Chief of Army Staff of the Indian army, and the second Indian, after Field Marshal K. M. Cariappa, to become Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army. Rajendrasinhji was born on 15 June 1899, at Sarodar in the Kathiawar region of what is now the western Indian state of Gujarat. He was the third son of Devisinhji Jadeja . The family belonged to the ruling Yaduvamshi Rajput dynasty of Nawanagar State (now Jamnagar), and Devisinhji", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9194395", "score": "0.91952884", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "C. D. Deshmukh", "text": "C. D. Deshmukh Sir Chintaman Dwarakanath Deshmukh, CIE, ICS (14 January 1896 – 2 October 1982) was an Indian civil servant and the first Indian to be appointed as the Governor of the Reserve Bank of India in 1943 by the British Raj authorities. He subsequently served as the Finance Minister in the Union Cabinet (1950–1956). It was during this time that he also became a founding member of the Governing Body of NCAER, the National Council of Applied Economic Research in New Delhi, India's first independent economic policy institute established in 1956 at the behest of Prime Minister Jawaharlal", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9295325", "score": "0.9139034", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "William Hay Macnaghten", "text": "for convincing Lord Auckland, the Governor-General of India, to place Shuja on the throne squarely on his shoulders. William Hay Macnaghten Sir William Hay Macnaghten, 1st Baronet (24 August 1793 – 23 December 1841) was a British civil servant in India, who played a major part in the First Anglo-Afghan War. He was the second son of Sir Francis Macnaghten, Bart., judge of the supreme courts of Madras and Calcutta, and was educated at Charterhouse. He went to Madras as a cadet in 1809, but in 1816 joined the Bengal Civil Service. He displayed a talent for languages and published", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2098450", "score": "0.913422", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Governor-General of India", "text": "Governor-General of India The Governor-General of India (or, from 1858 to 1947, officially the Viceroy and Governor-General of India, commonly shortened to Viceroy of India) was originally the head of the British administration in India and, later, after Indian independence in 1947, the representative of the Indian head of state. The office was created in 1773, with the title of \"Governor-General of the Presidency of Fort William\". The officer had direct control only over Fort William, but supervised other East India Company officials in India. Complete authority over all of British India was granted in 1833, and the official came", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1924331", "score": "0.9124924", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Dossabhoy Muncherji Raja", "text": "Dossabhoy Muncherji Raja Dossabhoy Muncherji Raja (1873 – 1947) was the first native Indian to be appointed 'Principal Appraiser' of precious stones for the customs office of the Bombay Presidency, which was then a province of British India. The title of Khan Sahib was conferred upon Dossabhoy Raja on 2 January 1933 by the (then) Viceroy and Governor General of India, Lord Willingdon, in recognition of his role in the apprehension of a gang of smugglers. Raja had surreptitiously visited Jamnagar on the Gulf of Kutch in Gujarat, which was then under a Nawab's rule and outside British Imperial jurisdiction.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10235267", "score": "0.90855646", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "James Braid Taylor", "text": "of the Indian rupee. His second term came to an end when he died in office on 17 February 1943. He was succeeded by Sir C. D. Deshmukh who became the first Indian to lead the Reserve Bank of India. Who's Who, 1941 James Braid Taylor Sir James Braid Taylor, KCIE (21 April 1891 – 17 February 1943) was the second Governor of the Reserve Bank of India, holding office from 1 July 1937 until his death on 17 February 1943. He succeeded Sir Osborne Smith who was the Governor from 1 April 1935 to 30 June 1937. He was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9239149", "score": "0.9074997", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Governor-General of India", "text": "Governors-General served at the pleasure of the sovereign, though the practice was to have them serve five-year terms. Governors-General could have their commission rescinded; and if one was removed, or left, a provisional governor-general was sometimes appointed until a new holder of the office could be chosen. The first Governor-General of British India was Warren Hastings, and the first Governor-General of independent India was Louis Mountbatten.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Joseph Ghosh", "text": "in \"The Spoken Arabic of Syria\" from the University of Edinburgh, Scotland in 1909. Founder of the Modern High School in Allahabad which is now named after him. His first wife Manorama was the daughter of Col. Kali Prasad Gupta the first Indian FRCS and niece of the first Lord Sinha of Raipur. After the death of his first wife, he married Muriel Cuthbertson, daughter of David Cuthbertson, noted Scottish writer, poet and Librarian at the University of Edinburgh. Author of the book \"Adventures with Evil Spirits.\" Also the elder brother of Prof. Nathaniel Nath Ghosh of St. John's College,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12631285", "score": "0.9058317", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Rashtrapati Bhavan", "text": "years, to work on the construction of Viceroy's House in both countries. Lutyens reduced the building from to because of the budget restrictions of Lord Hardinge. While Hardinge demanded that costs be reduced, he nevertheless wanted the house to retain a certain amount of ceremonial grandeur. When Chakravarti Rajagopalachari assumed the office as the first Indian-born Governor General of India and became the occupant of this building he preferred to stay in a few rooms which is now the family wing of the President and converted the then Viceroy's apartments into the Guest Wing where visiting heads of state stay", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3153834", "score": "0.90341175", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Sir Thomas Metcalfe, 4th Baronet", "text": "and briefly the provisional Governor General of Bengal (1835–36). He married Fe'licite Anne Browne on 13 July 1826. In 1830, Metcalfe began to build the \"Metcalfe House\" on the outskirts of Delhi, taking land belonging to Gurjar villagers. He filled it with his collections of art, books and relics of Napoleon. The Metcalfe House was called \"Matka Kothi\" by the bearers and \"khansamahs\" (chefs) serving Sir Thomas, as they found it difficult to pronounce the name Metcalfe. In 1835, Metcalfe became the agent at Delhi after the murder of William Fraser and ran the \"Delhi Territory\", the area around the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10326869", "score": "0.902779", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Satyendra Prasanna Sinha, 1st Baron Sinha", "text": "was married to Gobinda Mohini Mitter on 15 May 1880 at Mahata, Burdwan, Bengal. They had four sons and three daughters. Satyendra Prasanna Sinha, 1st Baron Sinha Satyendra Prasanna Sinha, 1st Baron Sinha, KCSI, PC, KC, (24 March 1863 – 4 March 1928) was a prominent lawyer and statesman in British India. He was the first Governor of Bihar and Orissa, first Indian Advocate-General of Bengal, first Indian to become a member of the Viceroy’s Council and the first Indian to become a member of the British ministry. He is sometimes also referred as Satyendra Prasanno Sinha or Satyendra Prasad", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4479142", "score": "0.90217257", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Raja Maharaj Singh", "text": "Raja Maharaj Singh Raja Sir Maharaj Singh, CIE, CStJ (17 May 1878, Kapurthala, Punjab – 6 June 1959, Lucknow) was the first Indian Governor of Bombay. Maharaj Singh was the son of Raja Harnam Singh of the Kapurthala royal family. He was educated at Harrow School and Balliol College, Oxford, where he completed his MA, and was called to Bar by the Middle Temple in 1902. Starting off as the Deputy Collector of United Provinces, he held several positions in the government of India. He was elected the chancellor of Lucknow University in 1941 and served for a short span", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10681340", "score": "0.90181893", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron Hardinge of Penshurst", "text": "Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron Hardinge of Penshurst Charles Hardinge, 1st Baron Hardinge of Penshurst, (20 June 1858 – 2 August 1944) was a British diplomat and statesman who served as Viceroy and Governor-General of India from 1910–16. Hardinge was the second son of Charles Hardinge, 2nd Viscount Hardinge, and the grandson of Henry Hardinge, 1st Viscount Hardinge, a former Governor-General of India. He was educated at Harrow School and Trinity College, Cambridge. Hardinge entered the diplomatic services in 1880, was appointed first secretary at Tehran in 1896 and first secretary at Saint Petersburg in 1898 when he was promoted over", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3009055", "score": "0.901809", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Raja Maharaj Singh", "text": "child. Raja Maharaj Singh Raja Sir Maharaj Singh, CIE, CStJ (17 May 1878, Kapurthala, Punjab – 6 June 1959, Lucknow) was the first Indian Governor of Bombay. Maharaj Singh was the son of Raja Harnam Singh of the Kapurthala royal family. He was educated at Harrow School and Balliol College, Oxford, where he completed his MA, and was called to Bar by the Middle Temple in 1902. Starting off as the Deputy Collector of United Provinces, he held several positions in the government of India. He was elected the chancellor of Lucknow University in 1941 and served for a short", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10681343", "score": "0.8989461", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Charles Metcalfe, 1st Baron Metcalfe", "text": "acted as the first governor of the proposed new presidency of Agra, he provisionally succeeded Lord William Bentinck as the Governor General of Bengal (1835–36). During his brief tenure of office (it lasted for only one year) he carried out several important measures, including that for the liberation of the press, which, while almost universally popular, complicated his relations with the directors at home to such an extent that he resigned the service of the Company in 1838. In 1835 he was also appointed a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB). He was Lieutenant-Governor of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2884682", "score": "0.8987701", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Satyendra Prasanna Sinha, 1st Baron Sinha", "text": "was made Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for India and also raised to the peerage as Baron Sinha of Raipur in the Presidency of Bengal. He became the first Indian member of the British House of Lords, taking his seat in February 1919. He was instrumental in passing of Government of India Act, 1919 through the House of Lords. He returned to India in 1920 and was appointed as the first governor of the Province of Bihar and Orissa. His term as Governor did not lasted long and he served on this position for 11 months on grounds of bad health.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4479140", "score": "0.8966139", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Henry Marion Durand", "text": "Henry Marion Durand Major-General Sir Henry Marion Durand, (6 November 1812 – 1 January 1871) was a British Indian Army officer and colonial administrator. After training at the East India Company's Military Seminary at Addiscombe (1827–8), Durand left Britain for India in 1829, arriving in May 1830. He served initially as Second Lieutenant in the Bengal Engineers. He attained the rank of Major-General, and served in the First Anglo-Afghan War (1839–1842), and the Second Anglo-Sikh War (1848–1849). He also served as Commissioner of Tenasserim (1844–1846), as Resident of Gwalior (1849–1852), and Acting Resident of Baroda (March 1852 – March 1854).", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7411388", "score": "0.89487493", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Cornwallis in India", "text": "Cornwallis in India British General Charles Cornwallis, the Earl Cornwallis, was appointed in February 1786 to serve as both Commander-in-Chief of British India and Governor of the Presidency of Fort William, also known as the Bengal Presidency. He oversaw the consolidation of British control over much of peninsular India, setting the stage for the British Raj. He was also instrumental in enacting administrative and legal reforms that fundamentally altered civil administration and land management practices there. According to historian Jerry Dupont, Cornwallis was responsible for \"laying the foundation for British rule throughout India and setting standards for the services, courts,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14551503", "score": "0.8944298", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi", "text": "Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi Sir Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi KCSI, CIE, OBE, ICS (2 July 1893 – 15 March 1980) was an Indian administrator and civil servant who served as the first Indian governor of the state of Punjab (then East Punjab) after Independence in 1947. He subsequently served as the first Governor of Andhra Pradesh from its creation in 1953 until 1957. Trivedi was born and raised in Kapadvanj in Kaira (now Kheda) District, then in the Bombay Presidency of British India and now in Gujarat. After completing his studies at Bombay University and at St John's College, Oxford, he successfully", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11808159", "score": "0.88979733", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Warren Hastings", "text": "British India with its capital in Calcutta. Hastings was considered the natural choice to be the first Governor General. While Governor, Hastings launched a major crackdown on bandits operating in Bengal, which proved largely successful. He also faced the severe Bengal Famine, which resulted in about ten million deaths. In 1773, he was appointed the first Governor-General of Bengal. He was also the first governor in India. The post was new, and British mechanisms to administer the territory were not fully developed. Regardless of his title, Hastings was only a member of a five-man Supreme Council of Bengal so confusedly", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1445535", "score": "0.88900703", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "British Raj", "text": "unchanged. In 1907, for the first time, two Indians were appointed to the Council. They were K.G. Gupta and Syed Hussain Bilgrami. In Calcutta, the Governor-General remained head of the Government of India and now was more commonly called the Viceroy on account of his secondary role as the Crown's representative to the nominally sovereign princely states; he was, however, now responsible to the Secretary of State in London and through him to Parliament. A system of \"double government\" had already been in place during the Company's rule in India from the time of Pitt's India Act of 1784. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7240576", "score": "0.88637", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Charles Canning, 1st Earl Canning", "text": "Charles Canning, 1st Earl Canning Charles John Canning, 1st Earl Canning (14 December 1812 – 17 June 1862), known as The Viscount Canning from 1837 to 1859, was an English statesman and Governor-General of India during the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and the first Viceroy of India after the transfer of power from the East India Company to the Crown of Queen Victoria in 1858 after the rebellion was crushed. Canning is credited for ensuing that the administration and most departments of the government functioned normally during the rebellion and took major administrative decisions even when peak of the Rebellion", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3008917", "score": "0.8855119", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Connaught Place, New Delhi", "text": "Heritage Festival, One Billion Rising demonstrations, Delhi Government's Youth Festival, \"Awam Ki Awaz\" (Voices of People) concert and many others. The first known Indian to hoist the tricolour flag at Connaught Place is Padma Shri Mir Mushtaq Ahmad, the first Chief Executive Councillor of Delhi. Prior to independence, when Connaught Place was considered the heart of imperial British India, he would hoist the tricolour at the bandstand in Central Park each year on 26 January. On 7March 2014, the largest known Indian national tricolour at that time (now second largest) was hoisted at the centre of Central Park, measuring .", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4410385", "score": "0.88497835", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Thomas Campbell Robertson", "text": "He was also District Magistrate of Kanpur. He was provisionally Governor-General for some time. In his book \"Civility and Empire\" (2002), Professor Anindyo Roy of Colby College describes him as an arch-colonist and quotes him as saying, \"the natives of India are better servants than subjects; and it is in former capacity alone that we can ever expect to command their co-operation in any emergency.\" His works include: Thomas Campbell Robertson Thomas Campbell Robertson (9 November 1789 – 6 July 1863) was a British civil servant of Bengal Civil Service in India. He was appointed as Judge of the courts", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13486537", "score": "0.8847146", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Khurshid Hasan Khurshid", "text": "Khurshid Hasan Khurshid Khurshid Hasan Khurshid (born 3 January 1924–11 March 1988) was the Private Secretary of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the first Governor-General of Pakistan. He was sent by Jinnah to Jammu and Kashmir in October 1947 shortly before the tribal invasion. He was arrested by Indian forces and jailed in Srinagar and finally repatriated in a prisoner exchange in 1949. He belonged to the famous Lone tribe of Kashmir. He was the first elected president of Azad Kashmir. He was the founder of first Constitution of Azad Kashmir. Khurshid often wrote his name as simply \"Khurshid\", which was both", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7640826", "score": "0.881557", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Hardit Malik", "text": "Hardit Malik Sardar Hardit Singh Malik (23 November 1894 – 31 October 1985) was an Indian civil servant and diplomat. He was the first Indian High Commissioner to Canada, and then Indian Ambassador to France. He was the first Indian to fly as a pilot with the Royal Flying Corps in the First World War. He also played first-class cricket between 1914 and 1930. The second son of Sardar Bahadur Mohan Singh and Sardarni Lajvanti, he was born in Rawalpindi, Punjab, British India(now in Punjab, Pakistan)into a Ahluwalia sikh family. Malik was the title bestowed to his grandfather Sardar Khazan", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17731069", "score": "0.88143694", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Dadiba Merwanji Dalal", "text": "Dadiba Merwanji Dalal Sir Dadiba Merwanji Dalal CIE (12 December 1870 - 4 March 1941) was an Indian Parsi diplomat who was the second High Commissioner for India and the first of Indian origin. A justice of the peace, he was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) in the 1921 New Year Honours List. As a Member of the Council of India, he was appointed the first Indian High Commissioner for India to the United Kingdom in January 1923, succeeding the first High Commissioner Sir William Stevenson Meyer, who had died in office the previous", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17827682", "score": "0.88140285", "original_retrieval_index": 31 } ]

[ "inner core and growing bud", "the inner core", "growing bud", "the center core" ]

[ { "title": "Arecaceae", "text": "Jesus into Jerusalem. In Judaism, the palm represents peace and plenty, and is one of the Four Species of Sukkot; the palm may also symbolize the Tree of Life in Kabbalah. Panaiveriyamman was an ancient Tamil tree deity related to fertility. Named after \"panai\", the Tamil name for the Palmyra palm, she was also known as Taalavaasini, a name that further related her to all types of palms. Today, the palm, especially the coconut palm, remains a symbol of the tropical island paradise. Palms appear on the flags and seals of several places where they are native, including those of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "561517", "score": "1.1459874", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Heart of palm", "text": "as a delicacy. As of 2008, Costa Rica was the primary source of fresh palm hearts in the U.S. The Edible Palm Company located in Orlando, Florida, has been the largest importer of sustainably farmed fresh hearts of palm from Costa Rica to the United States since 2002. Peach palms are also cultivated in Hawaii, and now have limited distribution on the mainland, primarily to the restaurant trade. Florida's wild \"Sabal palmetto\" or cabbage palm was once a source of hearts of palm but is now protected by conservation law. When harvesting the cultivated young palm, the tree is cut", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4472478", "score": "1.1180559", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Heart of palm", "text": "of palm are palm varieties that have become domesticated farm species. The main variety that has been domesticated is \"Bactris gasipaes\", known in English as peach palm. This variety is the most widely used for canning. Peach palms are self-suckering and produce multiple stems, up to 40 on one plant, so harvesting several stems from a plant is not so expensive because the plant can live on. Another advantage it has over other palms is that it has been selectively bred to eliminate the vicious thorns of its wild cousins. Since harvesting is still labor intensive, palm hearts are regarded", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4472477", "score": "1.1014109", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Palm branch", "text": "\"Let him bear the palm who has deserved it\". The motto has been adopted by numerous other organizations, including the University of Southern California. Today, the palm, especially the coconut palm, is a symbol of a tropical island paradise. Palms appear on the flags and seals of several places where they are native, including those of Malta, Haiti, Paraguay, Guam, Florida, Poland, Australia and South Carolina. It also appeared on the flag of the short-lived Tripolitanian Republic (1918–1923), though not followed in later Libyan flags. The palm branch symbol is included in MUFI: ⸙ (2E19, ‘Palm Branch’ in Unicode). In", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9944141", "score": "1.0703703", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Palm branch", "text": "symbolizes rest and hospitality in many cultures of the Middle East. The presence of palm trees around an oasis showed that water was the gift of Allah. In the Quran, the palm appears in the paradisical imagery of the Garden \"(Jannah)\". In one prophetic tradition, the Dome of the Rock will stand on a palm tree issuing from one of the rivers of Paradise. Muhammad is said to have built his home out of palm, to have leaned against a palm while speaking, and to have raised the first mosque as a roof placed on palm trees. The first muezzin", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9944139", "score": "1.0522783", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Palm branch", "text": "trees identified as the Sacred Tree connecting heaven, represented by the crown of the tree, and earth, the base of the trunk. Reliefs from the 9th century BC show winged \"genii\" holding palm fronds in the presence of the Sacred Tree. It is associated with the goddess Ishtar and is found on the Ishtar Gate. In ancient Mesopotamia, the date palm may have represented fertility in humans. The Mesopotamian goddess Inanna, who had a part in the sacred marriage ritual, was believed to make the dates abundant. Palm stems represented long life to the Ancient Egyptians, and the god Huh", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9944128", "score": "1.0426226", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Palm branch", "text": "Arabic, the term \"Fog al-Nakhal\" (), which literally translates to \"\"above the palm trees\"\", is an idiom used to indicate euphoria, satisfaction or strong happiness. Palm branch The palm branch is a symbol of victory, triumph, peace, and eternal life originating in the ancient Near East and Mediterranean world. The palm \"(Phoenix)\" was sacred in Mesopotamian religions, and in ancient Egypt represented immortality. In Judaism, the lulav, a closed frond of the date palm is part of the festival of Sukkot. A palm branch was awarded to victorious athletes in ancient Greece, and a palm frond or the tree itself", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9944142", "score": "1.0392276", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Palm branch", "text": "according to Christian tradition palm branches were waved at the triumphal entry of Jesus into Jerusalem. It was adopted into Christian iconography to represent the victory of martyrs, or the victory of the spirit over the flesh. Since a victory signals an end to a conflict or competition, the palm developed into a symbol of peace, a meaning it can have in Islam, where it is often associated with Paradise. The palm appears on several flags or seals representing countries or other places, with the coconut palm associated with the tropics. In Assyrian religion, the palm is one of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9944127", "score": "1.012508", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Palmetum of Santa Cruz de Tenerife", "text": "Palmetum of Santa Cruz de Tenerife The Palmetum of Santa Cruz de Tenerife is a botanical garden of 120.000 m² specialized in palms (Arecaceae) . It is an artificial hill, with views of the ocean, located in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. The gardens include a large system of waterfalls, streams and ponds, a museum dedicated to palms, and a display shade house. The project was started in 1995 on a former landfill and only opened to the public in 2014. The valuable palm collection gathers about 600 species of palms and it is focused on the ones", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9709656", "score": "1.0089583", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Heart of palm", "text": "Heart of palm is a vegetable harvested from the inner core and growing bud of certain palm trees (notably the coconut (Cocos nucifera), palmito juçara (Euterpe edulis), Açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea), sabal (Sabal spp.), pupunha and pejibaye (Bactris gasipaes) palms). Harvesting of many non-cultivated or wild single-stemmed palms results in palm tree death (e.g. Geonoma edulis). However, other palm species are clonal or multi-stemmed plants (e.g. Prestoea acuminata, Euterpe oleracea) and moderate harvesting will not kill the entire clonal palm. Heart of palm may be eaten on its own, and often it is eaten in a salad.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Date palm", "text": "eat dates when she gives birth to Isa (Jesus); and, similarly, they are recommended to pregnant women. \"Phoenix dactylifera\" held great significance in early Judaism and subsequently in Christianity, in part because the tree was heavily cultivated as a food source in ancient Israel. In the Bible palm trees are referenced as symbols of prosperity and triumph. In Psalm 92:12 \"The righteous shall flourish like the palm tree\". Palm branches occurred as iconography in sculpture ornamenting the Second Jewish Temple in Jerusalem, on Jewish coins, and in the sculpture of synagogues. They are also used as ornamentation in the Feast", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "889747", "score": "1.0049255", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Palm branch", "text": "climbed palm trees to call the faithful to prayer, from which the minaret developed. In the Quran (19:16–34), Mary is said to have given birth to Jesus under a date palm. In northern Sudan, the \"doum\" palm is the symbol of endurance \"(doum)\", and particularly of the Muslim saint who gave his name to Wad Hamid. The palm also appears on a number of coins from Islamic states, for example the 1970 Tunisian 1 dinar issue honoring the Food and Agriculture Organization, and several Iraqi coins of the 1970s. The Latin motto of Lord Nelson is \"Palmam qui meruit ferat\",", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9944140", "score": "1.0004216", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Palmeraie (Marrakesh)", "text": "using a \"khettara\" network. The ancient tale (more than 1000 years old) refers to this garden of palm trees as \"the ardent children of the African earth and sun\". Sultan Yussef Ben Tachefine, while searching for land to establish his Almoravid dynasty had camped at the plain of Haouz. His soldiers, who had camped there, after consuming palm-dates had thrown the date seeds around and some of them had dropped into holes created by the lances which they had pitched there, and these sprouted into trees. Many centuries later the same plain had become an oasis of a lush garden", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18760785", "score": "0.9987079", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Palmetum", "text": "collections are located within the Botanical Garden of Caracas, in Venezuela, Jardín Botánico Francisco Javier Clavijero, in Mexico, the Palmetum of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, in the Canary Islands, Montgomery Botanical Center and Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, both in Florida and Lyon Arboretum in Hawaii. Palmetum A Palmetum is a collection of palms (Arecaceae) and not a natural population of palms. Most palmeta are botanical gardens specialized in growing, research, conserve and display species of the Arecaceae family. Palmeta as palm collections started within the tropical botanical gardens of colonial times, in the 18th and 19th centuries, where plants belonging", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12011629", "score": "0.9878811", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Palm Beach, Florida", "text": "Beach. Many of the coconut naturalized or were planted along the Palm Beach coast. A lush grove of palm trees soon grew on what would later be named Palm Beach. Today the tallest coconut palms in the United States can be found along the Palm Beach coast. Palm Beach is the easternmost town in Florida, located on a long barrier island between Lake Worth Lagoon on the west and the Atlantic Ocean on the east. At no point is the island wider than three-quarters of a mile (1.2 km), and in places it is only 500 feet (150 m) wide.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1040754", "score": "0.98539513", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Palm branch", "text": "Palm branch The palm branch is a symbol of victory, triumph, peace, and eternal life originating in the ancient Near East and Mediterranean world. The palm \"(Phoenix)\" was sacred in Mesopotamian religions, and in ancient Egypt represented immortality. In Judaism, the lulav, a closed frond of the date palm is part of the festival of Sukkot. A palm branch was awarded to victorious athletes in ancient Greece, and a palm frond or the tree itself is one of the most common attributes of Victory personified in ancient Rome. In Christianity, the palm branch is associated particularly with Palm Sunday, when", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9944126", "score": "0.9851788", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Date palm", "text": "of the Tabernacles. Palm branches were scattered before Jesus as he entered Jerusalem on Palm Sunday. Date palm Phoenix dactylifera, commonly known as date or date palm, is a flowering plant species in the palm family, Arecaceae, cultivated for its edible sweet fruit. Although its place of origin is unknown because of long cultivation, it probably originated from the Fertile Crescent region straddling between Egypt and Mesopotamia. The species is widely cultivated across Northern Africa, The Middle East, The Horn of Africa and South Asia, and is naturalized in many tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. \"P. dactylifera\" is the type", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "889748", "score": "0.9766742", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Acanthophoenix rubra", "text": "The palm heart is a delicacy. About 150 individuals occur in the wild on Mauritius. It is widely grown in cultivation. Acanthophoenix rubra The Barbel palm (\"Acanthophoenix rubra\") is a critically endangered palm endemic to Mauritius, Rodrigues, and La Reunion that is prized for its edible palm hearts. It is also known as the red- or yellow- Barbel palm, red palm, Mascarene Islands cabbage palm, and palmiste rouge, palmiste bourre, palmiste des bois, palmiste des hauts, palmiste épineux, palmiste zépines, palmiste piquant in French. This palm was first described as \"Areca rubra\" by French naturalist Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7695113", "score": "0.9760256", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Palm branch", "text": "was often shown holding a palm stem in one or both hands. The palm was carried in Egyptian funeral processions to represent eternal life. The Kingdom of Nri (Igbo) used the \"omu\", a tender palm frond, to sacralize and restrain. Some argue the palm in the Parthian poem \"Drakht-e Asurig\" serves as a reference to the Babylonian faith. The palm was a symbol of Phoenicia and appeared on Punic coins. In ancient Greek, the word for palm, \"phoinix,\" was thought to be related to the ethnonym. In Archaic Greece, the palm tree was a sacred sign of Apollo, who had", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9944129", "score": "0.96810675", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Palmwag", "text": "Palmwag Palmwag is a nature reserve in northern Namibia. It is located in the Kunene region, in northwestern Damaraland, halfway between Swakopmund and the Etosha National Park. It covers an area of 400,000 hectares. An interesting tree species that are being found there palm tree hyphaena pertesiana. Wildlife species in Palmwag include leopard, lion, cheetah, mountain zebra, Angolan giraffe, springbok, kudu, and African bush elephans. The reserve also has the largest population of south-western black rhinos in Africa; a local organization called Save the Rhino Trust protects them. Palmwag is also a tourist attraction. The main accommodations in the reserve", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15029352", "score": "0.9650333", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Garden of Palms", "text": "Garden of Palms Garden of Palms or Palmgardens (Dutch: \"Palmentuin\") is a palm tree landscape garden in Paramaribo, Suriname. In addition to tall royal palms, the grounds are home to tropical birds and a \"troop\" of capuchin monkeys. Palmentuin is located on Van Roseveltkade behind the Presidential Palace of Suriname and is a tourist attraction. Royal palms were planted on the grounds by order of Cornelis van Aerssen van Sommelsdijck Governor of Suriname from 1683-1688. He opened the garden to the public in 1685. He was murdered in 1688 by a group of mutinous soldiers. Afterwards the garden was closed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18992703", "score": "0.9637952", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Arecaceae", "text": "lands of the Mediterranean Sea. The northernmost native palm is \"Chamaerops humilis\", which reaches 44°N latitude in along the coast of southern France. In the southern hemisphere, the southernmost palm is the \"Rhopalostylis sapida\", which reaches 44°S on the Chatham Islands where an oceanic climate prevails. Cultivation of palms is possible north of subtropical climates, and some higher latitude locals such as Ireland, Scotland, England, and the Pacific Northwest feature a few palms in protected locations. Palms inhabit a variety of ecosystems. More than two-thirds of palm species live in humid moist forests, where some species grow tall enough to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "561503", "score": "0.96249497", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Actinorhytis", "text": "Actinorhytis Actinorhytis is a monotypic genus of flowering plant in the palm family found in Oceania and southeast Asia. The lone species, Actinorhytis calapparia (commonly known as calappa palm) is a rain forest inhabitant and has the largest fruit of any palm in the Iguanurinae. The genus name is from two Greek words meaning 'ray' and 'fold' which describe the endosperm of the seed. The species is solitary trunked, reaching in height, and is relatively slender, usually no wider than . At the base, the white to tan trunks are anchored by a large, conical mass of aerial roots and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11676451", "score": "0.9575225", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Açaí palm", "text": "color and may be sold as a frozen fruit puree or bottled juice drink with added sugar. The closely related palm species \"Euterpe edulis\" (\") is the primary source of hearts of palm. The common name comes from the Portuguese adaptation of the Tupian word \", meaning \"[fruit that] cries or expels water\". The importance of the fruit as a staple food in the Amazon River delta gives rise to the local legend of how the plant got its name. The folklore says that chief Itaqui ordered all newborns put to death owing to a period of famine. When his", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4520592", "score": "0.9541948", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Prestoea montana", "text": "Prestoea montana Prestoea montana (Vernacular English: Sierran palm; Vernacular Spanish: Palma de sierra) is a perennial palm in the Arecaceae family. It is considered a synonym of \"Prestoea acuminata\" var. \"montana\". A palm with a thin and tall stipe and a uniform diameter, reaching heights of 45 feet. It is found throughout the Greater Antilles as well as the Lesser Antilles of the Caribbean. Generally found in mountains of up to high. It grows in the forest of creeks in the mountains, and on the steep slopes of the highest peaks in Puerto Rico. It is also found in Toro", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17532142", "score": "0.9537671", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Palm Islands", "text": "Palm Islands Palm Islands are three artificial islands, Palm Jumeirah, Deira Island and Palm Jebel Ali, on the coast of Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Creation of the islands started in 2001. As of November 2011, only Palm Jumeirah has been completed. This island takes the form of a palm tree, topped by a crescent. After completion, Palm Jebel Ali will take a similar shape. Like Palm Jumeirah, each island will be host to a large number of residential, leisure and entertainment centers and will add a total of 520 kilometers of non-public beaches to the city of Dubai. The Palm", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3571616", "score": "0.9535488", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Borassus", "text": "when the fruit is consumed by elephants, monkeys and other frugivores. At germination, the young seedling extends downwards into the soil and only a few leaves are visible above ground; this provides some protection against frequent fires in its savanna habitat; after an indeterminate number of years (the establishment phase), the seedling forms a stem and quickly grows above the savanna vegetation, where it is then less vulnerable to fire. Palmyra palms are economically useful and widely cultivated, especially in Southeast Asia. The Palmyra palm has long been one of the most important trees of Cambodia and India, where it", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5945967", "score": "0.9534625", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Phoenix reclinata", "text": "genus readily hybridize with one another resulting in naturally occurring variations. They usually tolerate salt-spray, and moderate drought where the water table is permanently high. In addition to the fruit, which attracts animals as well as humans, the palm heart can be eaten as a vegetable. In KwaZulu-Natal, and the Okavango Delta, Botswana, the sap is tapped shortly before flowering to make palm wine. The fibres of young, unopened leaves can be used to make carpets, kilts and brooms. The roots contain tannin and can be used to make a brown dye. They also produce an edible gum. The wood", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10566486", "score": "0.9532949", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "The Fairmont Palm Hotel & Resort", "text": "in the shape of the palm tree. Fairmont The Palm has received a variety of hospitality awards including: The Fairmont Palm Hotel & Resort Fairmont The Palm is a five-star hotel located on the trunk of Palm Jumeirah, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The hotel is located on world’s largest man-made island shaped in the form of a palm tree. Fairmont The Palm, has views of the Persian Gulf and provide access to the Dubai Marina and business hubs such as Dubai Media City, Dubai Internet City and Dubai Knowledge Village. The hotel has 381 rooms and suites, including two presidential", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14308395", "score": "0.9513546", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Archontophoenix cunninghamiana", "text": "Archontophoenix cunninghamiana Archontophoenix cunninghamiana (Bangalow palm, king palm, Illawara palm, \"piccabben\", \"piccabeen\") is an Australian palm. It can grow over 20 m tall. Its flower colour is violet and the red fruits are attractive to birds. It flowers in midsummer and has evergreen foliage. The Piccabeen Palm grows in the wet subtropics on the sides of Mt Warning Volcano in northern NSW and over the border in Queensland's Lamington National Park, for example. It seeks a good water supply so ravines and grottos are well populated. Its fronds do not create a nesting environment for insects or macrofauna like rodents,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10844238", "score": "0.9497299", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "Paul Cummins", "Tom Piper", "stage designer Tom Piper" ]

[ { "title": "Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red", "text": "in conjunction with Historic Royal Palaces to be displayed in the moat of the Tower of London, which was used in the early days of the war as a training ground for City of London workers who had enlisted to fight – the \"Stockbrokers' Battalion\". The work consisted of a sea of ceramic red poppies, in a design which appeared to flow out of the Tower itself and ripple across the moat. There were a series of designed elements which added drama, height and movement to the installation: the \"Weeping Window\" flowing out of a window in Legge's Mount in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18338011", "score": "1.0930558", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "The Poppies (Welsh band)", "text": "The Poppies (Welsh band) The Poppies were a Welsh rock band which was active during the mid-2000s. Many of the songs were in the Welsh language. In early 2003, Sam James (Guitar and Vocals), Twm Champagne (Drums) and Eifion Austin (Bass) met and formed The Poppies in Aberystwyth. Austin, originally from Morriston in Swansea was a first year politics student at Aberystwyth University while Twm (from Carmarthen) studied Film & TV. James was still studying at the local Welsh comprehensive Ysgol Gyfun Penweddig. The band's first gig was held in Aberystwyth in 2003. They quickly gained support from Radio 1", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11833837", "score": "1.0534248", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Remembrance poppy", "text": "Poppy Factory in Richmond. Scottish poppies are made in the Lady Haig's Poppy Factory in Edinburgh. For many years after World War I, poppies were worn only on Remembrance Day itself. Today the RBL's \"Poppy Appeal\" has a higher profile than any other charity appeal in the UK. The poppies are widespread from late October until mid-November every year and are worn by the general public, politicians, the Royal Family and other public figures. It has become common to see large poppies on buses, tube trains and aeroplanes as well as on lampposts, billboards, public buildings and landmarks. Many newspapers", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6430468", "score": "1.0498397", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red", "text": "the West Moat, (which became the iconic image), \"Over the Top\", a cascade of poppies down the wall on the wharf side of the moat and the \"Wave\", a free-standing twisted metal sculpture covered in poppies which curled over the main causeway into the Tower. The ceramic poppies were individually hand-made at Cummins's ceramics works in Derbyshire and at Johnson Tiles in Tunstall, Stoke-on-Trent. The poppies were added to the installation progressively by volunteers. The 497,000 kg of the Etruria Marl-based Etruscan red earthenware used, as well as the majority of the manufacturing equipment and materials, were supplied by Potclays", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18338012", "score": "1.0430142", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "George Howson (British Army officer)", "text": "Factory in November 1924. The factory made 27 million poppies that year. Most of the employees were disabled, and by then there was a long waiting list for prospective employees. The Disabled Society merged with the British Legion in 1925, and the Poppy Factory became a company limited by guarantee, with Howson as chairman. The factory moved to Richmond, Surrey in 1926, to the premises of an old brewery bought using money donated by Howson. Howson instituted the Field of Remembrance at Westminster Abbey in 1928, and the factory started to make remembrance crosses and wreaths. Howson lived at Hambleden,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16062505", "score": "1.0418093", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Social Democratic and Labour Party", "text": "the proposal. On Remembrance Day 2010 party leader Margaret Ritchie made history by becoming the first leader of a nationalist party to wear a poppy. She attended the wreath-laying ceremony in Downpatrick. In Northern Ireland, the wearing of poppies is controversial. It is seen by many as a political symbol representing support for the British Army. Because of this, it has long been the preserve of the unionist/loyalist community. Her actions drew praise from unionists. On 27 July 2011 it was reported that Margaret Ritchie faced a leadership challenge from deputy leader Patsy McGlone. The Phoenix reported that only one", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1454746", "score": "1.0195235", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "George Howson (British Army officer)", "text": "in Australia. Howson was the founding chairman of the Disabled Society in 1920, with Jack Cohen MP. After the first Poppy Appeal in 1921 used artificial poppies imported from France by Madame Anna Guérin, the British Legion commissioned the Disabled Society to make poppies in England for the 1922 appeal. Howson started with a workforce of five disabled ex-servicemen at a former collar factory on the Old Kent Road in June 1922. The number of employees rapidly increased to over 40, and they made a million poppies within two months. The Prince of Wales (later Edward VIII) visited the Poppy", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16062504", "score": "1.0165648", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Remembrance poppy", "text": "11 November, having been adopted in 1921. The Royal Canadian Legion, which has trademarked the image, suggests that poppies be worn on the left lapel, or as near the heart as possible. Until 1996, poppies were made by disabled veterans in Canada, but they have since been made by a private contractor. The Canadian poppies consist of two pieces of moulded plastic covered with flocking with a pin to fasten them to clothing. At first the poppies were made with a black centre. From 1980 to 2002, the centres were changed to green. Current designs are black only; this change", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6430461", "score": "1.0030155", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Poppy Factory", "text": "only to give the disabled their chance\".\" They set up in a former collar factory on the Old Kent Road in London. Soon the factory was employing 50 disabled veterans. The factory made a million poppies within two months. In November 1924, the Prince of Wales (later Edward VIII) visited the Poppy Factory, which made 27 million poppies that year. Most of the employees were disabled, and by then there was a long waiting list for prospective employees. The old collar factory eventually proved too small as demand increased, and in 1926 the factory moved to a disused brewery in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16056670", "score": "1.002758", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red", "text": "Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red was a work of installation art placed in the moat of the Tower of London, England, between July and November 2014, commemorating the centenary of the outbreak of World War I. It consisted of 888,246 ceramic red poppies, each intended to represent one British or Colonial serviceman killed in the War. The artist was Paul Cummins, with setting by stage designer Tom Piper. The work's title was taken from the first line of a poem by an unknown World War I soldier.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Poppy Factory", "text": "Field Marshal Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig, who had created the Haig Fund to assist ex-servicemen and which still raises funds through the UK's annual poppy appeal. It grew from two employees in a former wood-chopping factory in the grounds of Whitefoord House to employ over 100 people by the mid-1930s, with a waiting list of over 300. In addition to the main task of making poppies, the employees made other goods by hand which were sold at three shops in Edinburgh and by a travelling shop throughout Scotland. The factory moved to its current premises, a former printing works,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16056675", "score": "1.0005774", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "St Mary's Church, Thirsk", "text": "George Edmund Street. During the restoration of 1877 it was reported that the East window of the south aisle contained the royal arms of England quartered with France, with the motto “Dieu et mon droit.” There were also the arms of the Ascough family, those of Mowbray, of Sir James Strangways, and Elizabeth his wife, and members of their family. The church re-opened on 2 October 1877. In November 2016, the church was covered with handmade poppies as part of the Remembrance Day celebrations in Thirsk. The Thirsk Yarnbombers created a more than 40,000 knitted or crocheted poppies to decorate", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19858984", "score": "0.9995773", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red", "text": "Blue Coat School. After that day a team of about 8,000 volunteers began removing the flowers. Members of the public had been able to pre-order the ceramic poppies for £25 each, with a share of the proceeds (estimated at more than £15 million) going to six service charities: COBSEO, Combat Stress, Coming Home, Help for Heroes, the Royal British Legion and SSAFA. At around sunset each day between 1 September and 10 November, the names of 180 World War I service personnel, nominated by members of the public to appear on a Roll of Honour, were read aloud by a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18338014", "score": "0.99702585", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Fovant Badges", "text": "the shape of a poppy, to represent the poppies that grew in “Flanders Fields” has been created. Several of the lost badges were short lived, small and crudely constructed. The previously unrestored military badge at Sutton Down of the Royal Warwickshire Regiment was restored during 2017 and spring 2018 by volunteers of the Sutton Mandeville Heritage Trust. It was supported by a grant from the National Lottery and the restored badge was inaugurated on 3 May 2018 by Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers, the successor to the Royal Warwickshire Regiment. () The nearby", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16050977", "score": "0.9933722", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Richmond, London", "text": "lead from the Green to the main commercial thoroughfare of George Street. These alleys are lined with mostly privately owned boutiques. Partway up Richmond Hill is the Poppy Factory, staffed mainly by disabled ex-servicemen and women, which produces the remembrance poppies sold each November for Remembrance Day. The view from the top westward to Windsor has long been famous, inspiring paintings by masters such as J. M. W. Turner and Sir Joshua Reynolds and also poetry. One particularly grand description of the view can be found in Sir Walter Scott's novel \"The Heart of Midlothian\" (1818). It is a common", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1681146", "score": "0.9919691", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Poppy Factory", "text": "approximately five million remembrance poppies each year. Artificial poppies for the first poppy appeal in 1921 had been imported from France by Madame Anna Guérin, but in 1922 the Disabled Society, a charity established in 1920 by Major George Howson MC and Major Jack Cohen, received a grant of £2,000 from the British Legion's Unity Relief Fund to employ disabled ex-service personnel to make remembrance poppies in England. Later that year, Howson wrote to his parents, \"“I do not think it can be a great success, but it is worth trying. I consider the attempt ought to be made if", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16056669", "score": "0.98729384", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red", "text": "Limited in Stoke-on-Trent. There were eventually 888,246 of the flowers, representing one count of the number of British and Colonial military fatalities in World War I. The first poppy was planted on 17 July 2014, and the work was unveiled on 5 August (the centenary of Britain's entry into the war). A team of about 17,500 volunteers put the poppies in place, overseen by Piper and YW Jim Duncan, making this a true public artwork. The last one was planted on 11 November 2014 (Remembrance Day), by a 13-year-old cadet, Harry Hayes, from the Combined Cadet Force (CCF) of Reading", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18338013", "score": "0.98627335", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "The Poppies (American band)", "text": "The Poppies (American band) The Poppies were a 1960s girl group formed and headed by Dorothy Moore with Petsye McCune and Rosemary Taylor. Dorothy Moore was the lead singer for The Poppies. The first 45 single released was \"Lullaby of Love\" and later a second single was \"He's Ready.\" The trio lived in Jackson Mississippi. The album was produced by Billy Sherill, recorded in Nashville and released on the Epic label. In early 1966, \"Lullaby of Love\" by The Poppies peaked at #56 pop in the United States, and was a Top 30 single in Canada. An LP of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6635055", "score": "0.9843824", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Shirley poppy", "text": "the wild poppies these had no dark blotches at the base of the petals. Further selection has given rise to semi-double and double forms, as well as flowers with a ring of contrasting colour around the edge: the picotee form. The striking example of deviation from a wild type under artificial selection provided by the Shirley poppy attracted the attention of pioneer geneticists and biometricians. The biometrician Karl Pearson used the Shirley poppy to study his ideas of homotyposis, which he defined as “the quantitative degree of resemblance to be found on the average between the like parts of organisms”.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9933439", "score": "0.9816481", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "In Flanders Fields", "text": "writer of that time first noted how the poppies grew over the graves of soldiers. The damage done to the landscape in Flanders during the battle greatly increased the lime content in the surface soil, leaving the poppy as one of the few plants able to grow in the region. Inspired by \"In Flanders Fields\", American professor Moina Michael resolved at the war's conclusion in 1918 to wear a red poppy year-round to honour the soldiers who had died in the war. She also wrote a poem in response called \"We Shall Keep the Faith\". She distributed silk poppies to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "776989", "score": "0.9811366", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Margaret Ritchie (politician)", "text": "wear a remembrance poppy. She wore it at the wreath-laying ceremony at the cenotaph in Downpatrick. In Northern Ireland, the wearing of poppies is controversial as it is seen by many as a political symbol representing support for the British Army. Because of this, it has long been the preserve of the unionist/loyalist community. She received praise from several unionist councillors for this. In December 2010 she launched a verbal attack on Sinn Féin by urging voters in the Republic of Ireland not to vote for Sinn Féin in the next Irish general election describing their politics as 'sectarian' and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9601221", "score": "0.9802019", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Stephen Bourne (writer)", "text": "with their Literature Award for \"Black Poppies\". In May 2017, he was honoured at the 12th Screen Nation Awards with a special award for his years of work documenting the lives of black Britons. In 2017 he received an Honorary Fellowship from London South Bank University for his contribution to diversity. Stephen Bourne (writer) Stephen Bourne (born 31 October 1957) is a British writer, film and social historian specialising in black culture. As noted by the BBC among others, Bourne \"has discovered many stories that have remained untold for years\". He was born in Camberwell, south-east London, and raised in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18563183", "score": "0.97498363", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Poppy Factory", "text": "Poppy Factory The Poppy Factory is a factory in Richmond, London, England, where remembrance poppies are made. It was founded in 1922 to offer employment opportunities to wounded soldiers returning from the First World War, creating remembrance products for the Royal Family and The Royal British Legion’s annual Poppy Appeal. It is operated by a company that is a registered charity which provides employment support to disabled veterans across England and Wales. The factory makes approximately 36 million poppies each year. The corresponding organisation in Scotland is Lady Haig's Poppy Factory in Edinburgh, which was established in 1926 and makes", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16056668", "score": "0.9746464", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Remembrance poppy", "text": "a pin in the lapel or buttonhole. In Scotland, the poppies are curled and have four petals with no leaf. The yearly selling of poppies is a major source of income for the RBL in the UK. The poppy has no fixed price; it is sold for a donation or the price may be suggested by the seller. The black plastic centre of the poppy was marked \"Haig Fund\" until 1994 but is now marked \"Poppy Appeal\". A team of about 50 people—most of them disabled former British military personnel—work all year round to make millions of poppies at the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6430467", "score": "0.9653665", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Culture of the United Kingdom", "text": "the Royal Family and others in public life. It has also become common to see poppies on cars, lorries and public transport such as aeroplanes, buses, and trams, while magazines and newspapers also show a poppy on their cover page. The Tomb of the Unknown Warrior is an unidentified British soldier killed on a European battlefield during World War I, who was buried in Westminster Abbey, London on 11 November 1920. The idea of a Tomb of the Unknown Soldier was first conceived in 1916 by the Reverend David Railton, who, while serving as a British Army chaplain on the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1951365", "score": "0.9603792", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Remembrance poppy", "text": "the UVF and UDA) have also used poppies to commemorate their own members who were killed in The Troubles. Most Irish nationalists/republicans, and Irish Catholics, choose not to wear poppies; they regard the Poppy Appeal as supporting soldiers who killed Irish civilians (for example on Bloody Sunday) and who colluded with illegal loyalist paramilitaries (for example the Glenanne gang) during The Troubles. Irish nationalist groups, and victims' groups, have urged the BBC to end its policy that all presenters must wear poppies. They argue that it breaches impartiality and point out that political symbols are banned in workplaces in Northern", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6430473", "score": "0.9596145", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Shirley poppy", "text": "However Pearson's work on Shirley poppy was ridiculed by the pioneer geneticist William Bateson for ignoring the recently discovered analytical methods of Mendelian genetics. Bateson wrote: \"Misconception of the nature and significance of intermediates has deprived the work of the biometrical school of scientific value as a contribution to the study of heredity. This is well seen in the case of the colours of the Shirley Poppies, one of the subjects with reference to which copious statistics have been amassed and published\". The rancorous debate between genetics and biometrics, in which the Shirley poppy became embroiled, was only resolved through", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9933440", "score": "0.9579781", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "The Poppies (Welsh band)", "text": "At their peak, the Poppies were a gritty and respected favourite of the Welsh rock scene. Sam James is also an ex-member of the bands Mozz, The Dancing Bullets, The Heights and Rogues. In 2010 he sang lead vocals on Example's UK top ten single 'Won't Go Quietly'. He is also the organiser of the Castell Rock festival in Aberystwyth. http://www.rockmidgets.com/features.php?page=4&id=532 http://www.bbc.co.uk/cymru/radiocymru/c2/adolygiadau/adolygiadau_gigs_05/gystach2005.shtml The Poppies (Welsh band) The Poppies were a Welsh rock band which was active during the mid-2000s. Many of the songs were in the Welsh language. In early 2003, Sam James (Guitar and Vocals), Twm Champagne (Drums) and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11833840", "score": "0.9568887", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Valentine Pyne", "text": "Vincula at the Tower of London, which emphasises his loyalty to King and country and makes note of his valour and virtuousness. Valentine Pyne Valentine Pyne (1603-1677) was master gunner of England, a companion of Prince Rupert of the Rhine following Royalist service in the English Civil War, and Lieutenant of the garrison at the Tower of London. Pyne was second son of George Pyne, of Curry Mallet, Somerset, of an established legal and gentry family, who served in the Royal Navy on the 1623 expedition to Cadiz; Valentine served under his father on this expedition. He was on the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19812971", "score": "0.95616937", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Tower of London", "text": "sculptures by Kendra Haste. Anne Boleyn was beheaded in 1536 for treason against Henry VIII; her ghost supposedly haunts the Church of St Peter ad Vincula in the Tower, where she is buried, and has been said to walk around the White Tower carrying her head under her arm. This haunting is commemorated in the 1934 comic song \"With Her Head Tucked Underneath Her Arm\". Other reported ghosts include Henry VI, Lady Jane Grey, Margaret Pole, and the Princes in the Tower. In January 1816, a sentry on guard outside the Jewel House claimed to have witnessed an apparition of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "421037", "score": "0.9504553", "original_retrieval_index": 33 } ]

[ "some other elements", "iron–nickel alloy", "an iron–nickel alloy" ]

[ { "title": "Structure of the Earth", "text": "decay of radioactive elements, and freezing of the inner core. Structure of the Earth The internal structure of the Earth is layered in spherical shells: an outer silicate solid crust, a highly viscous asthenosphere and mantle, a liquid outer core that is much less viscous than the mantle, and a solid inner core. Scientific understanding of the internal structure of the Earth is based on observations of topography and bathymetry, observations of rock in outcrop, samples brought to the surface from greater depths by volcanoes or volcanic activity, analysis of the seismic waves that pass through the Earth, measurements of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4463738", "score": "1.1001983", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Outer core", "text": "Outer core The outer core of the Earth is a fluid layer about thick and composed of mostly iron and nickel that lies above Earth's solid inner core and below its mantle. Its outer boundary lies beneath Earth's surface. The transition between the inner core and outer core is located approximately beneath the Earth's surface. Unlike the inner core, the outer core is liquid. The inner core is also referred to as the solid core. Seismic inversions of body waves and normal modes constrain the radius of the outer core to be 3483 km with an uncertainty of 5 km,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1298995", "score": "1.086129", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Structure of the Earth", "text": "Structure of the Earth The internal structure of the Earth is layered in spherical shells: an outer silicate solid crust, a highly viscous asthenosphere and mantle, a liquid outer core that is much less viscous than the mantle, and a solid inner core. Scientific understanding of the internal structure of the Earth is based on observations of topography and bathymetry, observations of rock in outcrop, samples brought to the surface from greater depths by volcanoes or volcanic activity, analysis of the seismic waves that pass through the Earth, measurements of the gravitational and magnetic fields of the Earth, and experiments", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4463722", "score": "1.0805601", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Structure of the Earth", "text": "of the modern value. Seismic measurements show that the core is divided into two parts, a \"solid\" inner core with a radius of ≈1,220 km and a liquid outer core extending beyond it to a radius of ≈3,400 km. The densities are between 9,900 and 12,200 kg/m in the outer core and 12,600–13,000 kg/m in the inner core. The inner core was discovered in 1936 by Inge Lehmann and is generally believed to be composed primarily of iron and some nickel. Since this layer is able to transmit shear waves (transverse seismic waves), it must be solid. Experimental evidence has", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4463731", "score": "1.0669007", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Magnetohydrodynamics", "text": "seismology). Beneath the Earth's mantle lies the core, which is made up of two parts: the solid inner core and liquid outer core. Both have significant quantities of iron. The liquid outer core moves in the presence of the magnetic field and eddies are set up into the same due to the Coriolis effect. These eddies develop a magnetic field which boosts Earth's original magnetic field—a process which is self-sustaining and is called the geomagnetic dynamo. Based on the MHD equations, Glatzmaier and Paul Roberts have made a supercomputer model of the Earth's interior. After running the simulations for thousands", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "514830", "score": "1.0436614", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Inner core", "text": "would be found to be homogeneous, because the solid inner core was originally formed by a gradual cooling of molten material, and continues to grow as a result of that same process. Even though it is growing into liquid, it is solid, due to the very high pressure that keeps it compacted together even if the temperature is extremely high. It was even suggested that Earth's inner core might be a single crystal of iron. However, this prediction was disproved by observations indicating that in fact there is a degree of disorder within the inner core. Seismologists have found that", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6265344", "score": "1.0413702", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Outer core", "text": "measured to be 2.5 millitesla, 50 times stronger than the magnetic field at the surface. The outer core is not under enough pressure to be solid, so it is liquid even though it has a composition similar to the inner core. Sulfur and oxygen could be present in the outer core. As heat is transferred outward toward the mantle, the net trend is for the inner boundary of the liquid region to freeze, causing the solid inner core to grow. This growth rate is estimated to be 1 mm per year. Outer core The outer core of the Earth is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1298997", "score": "1.0358014", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Inner core", "text": "km thick. If the inner core grows by small frozen sediments falling onto its surface, then some liquid can also be trapped in the pore spaces and some of this residual fluid may still persist to some small degree in much of its interior. Because the inner core is not rigidly connected to the Earth's solid mantle, the possibility that it rotates slightly more quickly or slowly than the rest of Earth has long been entertained. In the 1990s, seismologists made various claims about detecting this kind of super-rotation by observing changes in the characteristics of seismic waves passing through", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6265346", "score": "1.0306022", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "History of Earth", "text": "(metallic) core only 10 million years after the Earth began to form, producing the layered structure of Earth and setting up the formation of Earth's magnetic field. J. A. Jacobs was the first to suggest that the inner core—a solid center distinct from the liquid outer core—is freezing and growing out of the liquid outer core due to the gradual cooling of Earth's interior (about 100 degrees Celsius per billion years). The first eon in Earth's history, the \"Hadean\", begins with the Earth's formation and is followed by the \"Archean\" eon at 3.8 Ga. The oldest rocks found on Earth", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5345769", "score": "1.0109516", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Inner core", "text": "The Earth's inner core is the Earth's innermost part. It is primarily a solid ball with a radius of about 1,220 kilometres (760 miles), which is about 70% of the Moon's radius. It is composed of an iron–nickel alloy and some other elements. The temperature at the inner core's surface is approximately 5,700 K (5,430 °C), which is about the temperature at the surface of the Sun.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Earth's magnetic field", "text": "all generate magnetic fields through the motion of electrically conducting fluids. The Earth's field originates in its core. This is a region of iron alloys extending to about 3400 km (the radius of the Earth is 6370 km). It is divided into a solid inner core, with a radius of 1220 km, and a liquid outer core. The motion of the liquid in the outer core is driven by heat flow from the inner core, which is about , to the core-mantle boundary, which is about . The heat is generated by potential energy released by heavier materials sinking toward", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1303995", "score": "0.9872725", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Structure of the Earth", "text": "suggested that the inner core of Earth may rotate slightly faster than the rest of the planet; however, more recent studies in 2011 found this hypothesis to be inconclusive. Options remain for the core which may be oscillatory in nature or a chaotic system. In August 2005 a team of geophysicists announced in the journal \"Science\" that, according to their estimates, Earth's inner core rotates approximately 0.3 to 0.5 degrees per year faster relative to the rotation of the surface. The current scientific explanation for Earth's temperature gradient is a combination of heat left over from the planet's initial formation,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4463737", "score": "0.9820618", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Future of Earth", "text": "supplied by this process of inner core formation. The growth of the inner core may be expected to consume most of the outer core by some 3–4 billion years from now, resulting in a nearly solid core composed of iron and other heavy elements. The surviving liquid envelope will mainly consist of lighter elements that will undergo less mixing. Alternatively, if at some point plate tectonics comes to an end, the interior will cool less efficiently, which may end the growth of the inner core. In either case, this can result in the loss of the magnetic dynamo. Without a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13750936", "score": "0.9820359", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Geology", "text": "showed the existence of a liquid outer core (where shear waves were not able to propagate) and a dense solid inner core. These advances led to the development of a layered model of the Earth, with a crust and lithosphere on top, the mantle below (separated within itself by seismic discontinuities at 410 and 660 kilometers), and the outer core and inner core below that. More recently, seismologists have been able to create detailed images of wave speeds inside the earth in the same way a doctor images a body in a CT scan. These images have led to a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "156156", "score": "0.9804082", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Geophysics", "text": "S-waves in the outer core. This indicates that the outer core is liquid, because liquids cannot support shear. The outer core is liquid, and the motion of this highly conductive fluid generates the Earth's field. The inner core, however, is solid because of the enormous pressure. Reconstruction of seismic reflections in the deep interior indicate some major discontinuities in seismic velocities that demarcate the major zones of the Earth: inner core, outer core, mantle, lithosphere and crust. The mantle itself is divided into the upper mantle, transition zone, lower mantle and \"D′′\" layer. Between the crust and the mantle is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "656958", "score": "0.9800725", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Allotropes of iron", "text": "the solid parts of planetary cores. The inner core of the Earth is generally assumed to consist essentially of a crystalline iron-nickel alloy with ε structure. The outer core surrounding the solid inner core is believed to be composed of liquid iron mixed with nickel and trace amounts of lighter elements. As molten iron cools down, it solidifies at 1,538 °C (2,800 °F) into its δ allotrope, which has a body-centered cubic (BCC) crystal structure. δ-iron can dissolve as much as 0.08% of carbon by mass at 1,475 °C. As the iron cools further to 1,394 °C its crystal structure", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11450132", "score": "0.97277653", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Inner core", "text": "Based on the relative prevalence of various chemical elements in the Solar System, the theory of planetary formation, and constraints imposed or implied by the chemistry of the rest of the Earth's volume, the inner core is believed to consist primarily of a nickel-iron alloy. Pure iron was found to be denser than the core by approximately 3%, implying the presence of light elements in the core (e.g. silicon, oxygen, sulfur) in addition to the probable presence of nickel. Further, if the primordial and mostly \"fluid\" (still forming) earth contained any significant mass(es) of elements denser than iron and nickel,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6265340", "score": "0.97243106", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Structure of the Earth", "text": "certain normally oxyphile elements existing either partially or wholly in the alloy portion that corresponds to the core of Earth. Dynamo theory suggests that convection in the outer core, combined with the Coriolis effect, gives rise to Earth's magnetic field. The solid inner core is too hot to hold a permanent magnetic field (see Curie temperature) but probably acts to stabilize the magnetic field generated by the liquid outer core. The average magnetic field strength in Earth's outer core is estimated to be 25 Gauss (2.5 mT), 50 times stronger than the magnetic field at the surface. Recent evidence has", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4463736", "score": "0.96988654", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Planetary core", "text": "cores). Using the chondritic reference model and combining known compositions of the crust and mantle, the unknown component, the composition of the inner and outer core, can be determined; 85% Fe, 5% Ni, 0.9% Cr, 0.25% Co, and all other refractory metals at very low concentration. This leaves Earth's core with a 5–10% weight deficit for the outer core, and a 4–5% weight deficit for the inner core; which is attributed to lighter elements that should be cosmically abundant and are iron-soluble; H, O, C, S, P, and Si. Earth's core contains half the Earth's vanadium and chromium, and may", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3510692", "score": "0.9632787", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Earth's internal heat budget", "text": "primordial heat, respectively. The structure of the Earth is a rigid outer crust that is composed of thicker continental crust and thinner oceanic crust, solid but plastically flowing mantle, a liquid outer core, and a solid inner core. The fluidity of a material is proportional to temperature; thus, the solid mantle can still flow on long time scales, as a function of its temperature and therefore as a function of the flow of Earth's internal heat. The mantle convects in response to heat escaping from Earth's interior, with hotter and more buoyant mantle rising and cooler, and therefore denser, mantle", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17669624", "score": "0.9591838", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Earth", "text": "about under the oceans to for the continents. The crust and the cold, rigid, top of the upper mantle are collectively known as the lithosphere, and it is of the lithosphere that the tectonic plates are composed. Beneath the lithosphere is the asthenosphere, a relatively low-viscosity layer on which the lithosphere rides. Important changes in crystal structure within the mantle occur at below the surface, spanning a transition zone that separates the upper and lower mantle. Beneath the mantle, an extremely low viscosity liquid outer core lies above a solid inner core. The Earth's inner core might rotate at a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111080", "score": "0.95679283", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Inner core", "text": "about . Iron can be solid at such high temperatures only because its melting temperature increases dramatically at pressures of that magnitude (see the Clausius–Clapeyron relation). A report published in the journal \"Science\" concludes that the melting temperature of iron at the inner core boundary is 6230 ± 500 K. The Earth's inner core is thought to be slowly growing as the liquid outer core at the boundary with the inner core cools and solidifies due to the gradual cooling of the Earth's interior (about 100 degrees Celsius per billion years). Many scientists had initially expected that the inner core", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6265343", "score": "0.9567083", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Inner core", "text": "– melting in one hemisphere and crystallization in the other. The western hemisphere of the inner core may be crystallizing, whereas the eastern hemisphere may be melting. This may lead to enhanced magnetic field generation in the crystallizing hemisphere, creating the asymmetry in the Earth's magnetic field. Based on rates of cooling of the core, it is estimated that the current solid inner core started solidifying approximately 0.5 to 2 billion years ago out of a fully molten core (which formed just after planetary formation). If true, this would mean that the Earth's solid inner core is not a primordial", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6265350", "score": "0.95296323", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Structure of the Earth", "text": "the crust, upper mantle, lower mantle, outer core, and inner core. The geologic component layers of Earth are at the following depths below the surface: The layering of Earth has been inferred indirectly using the time of travel of refracted and reflected seismic waves created by earthquakes. The core does not allow shear waves to pass through it, while the speed of travel (seismic velocity) is different in other layers. The changes in seismic velocity between different layers causes refraction owing to Snell's law, like light bending as it passes through a prism. Likewise, reflections are caused by a large", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4463724", "score": "0.94968677", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Structure of the Earth", "text": "to sink toward the center in a process called planetary differentiation (see also the iron catastrophe), while less-dense materials would have migrated to the crust. The core is thus believed to largely be composed of iron (80%), along with nickel and one or more light elements, whereas other dense elements, such as lead and uranium, either are too rare to be significant or tend to bind to lighter elements and thus remain in the crust (see felsic materials). Some have argued that the inner core may be in the form of a single iron crystal. Under laboratory conditions a sample", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4463733", "score": "0.9460864", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Structure of the Earth", "text": "at times been critical of crystal models of the core. Other experimental studies show a discrepancy under high pressure: diamond anvil (static) studies at core pressures yield melting temperatures that are approximately 2000 K below those from shock laser (dynamic) studies. The laser studies create plasma, and the results are suggestive that constraining inner core conditions will depend on whether the inner core is a solid or is a plasma with the density of a solid. This is an area of active research. In early stages of Earth's formation about 4.6 billion years ago, melting would have caused denser substances", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4463732", "score": "0.9437865", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Inner core", "text": "had been difficult to establish because the elastic shear waves that are expected to pass through a solid mass are very weak and difficult for seismographs on the Earth's surface to detect, since they become so attenuated on their way from the inner core to the surface by their passage through the liquid outer core. Dziewonski and Gilbert established that measurements of normal modes of vibration of Earth caused by large earthquakes were consistent with a liquid outer core. In 2005, shear waves were detected passing through the inner core; these claims were initially controversial, but are now gaining acceptance.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6265339", "score": "0.9430127", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Future of Earth", "text": "wind, which prevents significant erosion of the atmosphere from sputtering. As heat from the core is transferred outward toward the mantle, the net trend is for the inner boundary of the liquid outer core region to freeze, thereby releasing thermal energy and causing the solid inner core to grow. This iron crystallization process has been ongoing for about a billion years. In the modern era, the radius of the inner core is expanding at an average rate of roughly per year, at the expense of the outer core. Nearly all of the energy needed to power the dynamo is being", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13750935", "score": "0.94128907", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Earth", "text": "slightly higher angular velocity than the remainder of the planet, advancing by 0.1–0.5° per year. The radius of the inner core is about one fifth of that of Earth. Earth's internal heat comes from a combination of residual heat from planetary accretion (about 20%) and heat produced through radioactive decay (80%). The major heat-producing isotopes within Earth are potassium-40, uranium-238, and thorium-232. At the center, the temperature may be up to , and the pressure could reach . Because much of the heat is provided by radioactive decay, scientists postulate that early in Earth's history, before isotopes with short half-lives", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "111081", "score": "0.9365957", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Outer core", "text": "while that of the inner core is 1220±10 km. Estimates for the temperature of the outer core are about in its outer regions and near the inner core. Evidence for a fluid outer core includes from seismology which shows that seismic shear-waves are not transmitted through the outer core Because of its high temperature, modeling work has shown that the outer core is a low viscosity fluid that convects turbulently. Eddy currents in the nickel iron fluid of the outer core are believed to influence the Earth's magnetic field. The average magnetic field strength in the Earth's outer core was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1298996", "score": "0.9325851", "original_retrieval_index": 31 } ]

[ "New York", "Long Island" ]

[ { "title": "American Revolution", "text": "to defeat Washington's forces. The Patriots unsuccessfully attempted to invade Canada during the winter of 1775–76, but successfully captured a British army at the Battle of Saratoga in October 1777. France now entered the war as an ally of the United States with a large army and navy that threatened Britain itself. The war turned to the American South where the British under the leadership of Charles Cornwallis captured an army at Charleston, South Carolina in early 1780 but failed to enlist enough volunteers from Loyalist civilians to take effective control of the territory. A combined American–French force captured a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20337", "score": "1.0850453", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "History of the United States (1776–1789)", "text": "of invasion across the English Channel. With the British in control of most northern coastal cities and Patriot forces in control of the hinterlands, the British attempted to force a result by a campaign to seize the southern states. With limited regular troops at their disposal, the British commanders realized that success depended on a large-scale mobilization of Loyalists. In late December 1778, the British had captured Savannah. In 1780 they launched a fresh invasion and took Charleston as well. A significant victory at the Battle of Camden meant that the invaders soon controlled most of Georgia and South Carolina.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1722363", "score": "1.0837693", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "British Army during the American Revolutionary War", "text": "Richard Howe, the Royal Navy's commander in chief in America. The two brothers gained much success in 1776, but failed to destroy Washington's Army. They also tried to initiate peace talks but these came to nothing. In 1777, General John Burgoyne was allowed to mount an ambitious campaign southwards from Canada. After early success, he pushed ahead despite major supply difficulties, and was surrounded and forced to capitulate at Saratoga, an event which precipitated intervention by Britain's European rivals. After Howe's Philadelphia campaign in the same year failed to achieve decisive results, Howe was recalled and replaced by Sir Henry", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17566748", "score": "1.0586642", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "History of the United States (1776–1789)", "text": "The British set up a network of forts inland, hoping the Loyalists would rally to the flag. Not enough Loyalists turned out, however, and the British had to move out. They fought their way north into North Carolina and Virginia, with a severely weakened army. Behind them, much of the territory they left dissolved into a chaotic guerrilla war, as the bands of Loyalists, one by one, were overwhelmed by the patriots. The British army under Lord Cornwallis marched to Yorktown, Virginia where they expected to be rescued by a British fleet. When that fleet was defeated by a French", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1722364", "score": "1.040668", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Benedict Arnold's expedition to Quebec", "text": "the way. Fobes reached his home near Worcester, Massachusetts at the end of September, and eventually rejoined the army. Captain Simeon Thayer kept a journal which was published by the Rhode Island Historical Society in 1867 as \"The invasion of Canada in 1775\". After being captured at Quebec, Thayer was exchanged on July 1, 1777 and returned to the Continental Army with the rank of major. He distinguished himself during the Siege of Fort Mifflin in November 1777 and briefly assumed command after the post's commandant was wounded. A number of geographic features along the route of the expedition bear", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5719562", "score": "1.0377829", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "51st state", "text": "of British America during the American Revolution. The colonies that had confederated to form the United States invaded Canada (at the time a term referring specifically to the modern-day provinces of Quebec and Ontario, which had only been in British hands since 1763) at least twice, neither time succeeding in taking control of the territory. The first invasion was during the Revolution, under the assumption that French-speaking Canadians' presumed hostility towards British colonial rule combined with the Franco-American alliance would make them natural allies to the American cause; the Continental Army successfully recruited two Canadian regiments for the invasion. That", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2666299", "score": "1.0357962", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "British Army during the American Revolutionary War", "text": "4,000 men and instructions to secure control of the southern colonies. At first Cornwallis was successful, winning a lopsided victory at the Battle of Camden and sweeping most resistance aside. However failing supplies and increasing partisan activity gradually wore down his occupying troops, and the destruction of a loyalist force under Major Ferguson at King's Mountain, all but ended any hopes of large scale loyalist support. In January 1781 Tarleton's cavalry force was destroyed at the Battle of Cowpens. Cornwallis then determined to destroy the Continental army under Nathaniel Greene. Cornwallis invaded North Carolina and engaged in a pursuit over", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17566795", "score": "1.034055", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "USS Philadelphia (1776)", "text": "The American Revolutionary War, which began in April 1775 with the Battles of Lexington and Concord, widened in September 1775 when the Continental Army embarked on an invasion of the British Province of Quebec. The province was viewed by the Second Continental Congress as a potential avenue for British forces to attack and divide the rebellious colonies, and was at the time lightly defended. The invasion reached a peak on December 31, 1775, when the Battle of Quebec ended in disaster for the Americans. In the spring of 1776, 10,000 British and German troops arrived in Quebec, and General Guy", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10658685", "score": "1.0324223", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "American Revolutionary War", "text": "in the worst American naval defeat until Pearl Harbor in 1941. The high frequency of Iroquois raids on the locals compelled Washington to mount a punitive expedition which destroyed a large number of Iroquois settlements, but the effort ultimately failed to stop the raids. During the winter of 1779–80, the Continental Army suffered greater hardships than at Valley Forge. Morale was poor; public support was being eroded by the long war; the national currency was virtually worthless; the army was plagued with supply problems; desertion was common; and whole regiments mutinied over the conditions in early 1780. In 1780, Clinton", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2798", "score": "1.0323842", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "British Army during the American Revolutionary War", "text": "After withdrawing from Boston, Howe immediately began preparations to seize New York which was considered the 'hinge' of the colonies. In late August, 22,000 men (including 9,000 Hessians) were rapidly landed on Long Island using flat bottomed boats, this would be the largest amphibious operation undertaken by the British army until the Normandy landings almost 200 years later. In the ensuing Battle of Long Island on August 27, 1776, the British outflanked the American positions, driving the Americans back to the Brooklyn Heights fortifications. General Howe not wishing to risk the lives of his men in a bloody frontal assault", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Battle of Camden", "text": "the British force. Following the battle, he never held a field command again. His political connections, however, helped him avoid inquiries and courts martial into the debacle. Following the British defeat at Saratoga in 1777, and the Battle of Monmouth in 1778, the French entered the American Revolutionary War in June 1778, followed by the Spanish in June 1779. With the war at a stalemate in the north, the British decided to renew their \"southern strategy\" to win back their rebellious North American colonies. The strategy relied on the Loyalists joining forces with British regulars to roll northward through North", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1813751", "score": "1.0319026", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Hugh Williamson", "text": "forces would continue to tie down Washington's main army in the north while a Royal army under General Charles Cornwallis would advance northward. Using Savannah, Georgia and Charleston as their bases of operations, the British expected their regular units to push through North Carolina and Virginia while a militia composed of local Loyalists secured areas captured by the regular forces. If successful, this strategy would have led to the conquest of the colonies from the south. To counter Cornwallis' efforts, the Continental Congress sent Horatio Gates to command a small force composed of a division of continentals, Caswell's units from", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2881993", "score": "1.0303073", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Kingdom of Great Britain", "text": "British Parliament's insistence on taxing colonists without their consent. In 1775, the American Revolutionary War began, as the Americans trapped the British army in Boston and suppressed the Loyalists who supported the Crown. In 1776 the Americans declared the independence of the United States of America. Under the military leadership of General George Washington, and, with economic and military assistance from France, the Dutch Republic, and Spain, the United States held off successive British invasions. The Americans captured two main British armies in 1777 and 1781. After that King George III lost control of Parliament and was unable to continue", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1380731", "score": "1.0286634", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Invasion of Quebec (1775)", "text": "Invasion of Quebec (1775) The Invasion of Quebec in 1775 was the first major military initiative by the newly formed Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. The objective of the campaign was to gain military control of the British Province of Quebec (modern-day Canada), and convince French-speaking Canadians to join the revolution on the side of the Thirteen Colonies. One expedition left Fort Ticonderoga under Richard Montgomery, besieged and captured Fort St. Johns, and very nearly captured British General Guy Carleton when taking Montreal. The other expedition left Cambridge, Massachusetts, under Benedict Arnold, and traveled with great difficulty through", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1995795", "score": "1.0282505", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "British Army during the American Revolutionary War", "text": "the capture of close to 3,000 Continental troops. Following the conquest of Manhattan, Howe ordered Charles Cornwallis to \"clear the rebel troops from New Jersey without a major engagement, and to do it quickly before the weather changed.\" Cornwallis' force drove Washington's army entirely from New Jersey and across the Delaware River. However, in the pre-dawn hours of December 26, Washington crossed back into New Jersey and captured a garrison of Hessians at Trenton. Several days later, Washington outmaneuvered Cornwallis at Assunpink Creek and overwhelmed a British outpost at Princeton on January 3, 1777. Cornwallis rallied and again drove Washington", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17566783", "score": "1.0275124", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "American Revolution", "text": "George. The king, however, issued a Proclamation of Rebellion which stated that the states were \"in rebellion\" and the members of Congress were traitors. In the winter of 1775, the Americans invaded Canada under generals Benedict Arnold and Richard Montgomery. The attack was a complete failure; many Americans who weren't killed were either captured or died of smallpox. In March 1776, the Continental Army forced the British to evacuate Boston, with George Washington as the commander of the new army. The revolutionaries were now in full control of all 13 colonies and were ready to declare independence. There still were", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20364", "score": "1.0261729", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Siege of Ninety-Six", "text": "National Historic Site and was designated a National Historic Landmark. The surviving Loyalists were later relocated by the Crown and granted land in Nova Scotia, where they named their township Rawdon to commemorate their rescuer. The British Army's \"southern strategy\" for winning the American Revolutionary War, which had been successful in taking Charleston and winning submission of much of South Carolina and Georgia, hit a stumbling block in March 1781, after General Lord Cornwallis defeated Continental Army General Nathanael Greene at the Battle of Guilford Courthouse in Greensboro, North Carolina. Cornwallis had suffered significant casualties and subsequently moved his army", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11600764", "score": "1.0253611", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Invasion of Quebec (1775)", "text": "America; only the Ohio Country was ceded. In the War of 1812 the Americans launched another invasion of British North America, and again expected the local populace to support them. That failed invasion is now regarded as a significant event in Canadian history; it has even been claimed as the birth of modern Canadian identity. Invasion of Quebec (1775) The Invasion of Quebec in 1775 was the first major military initiative by the newly formed Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. The objective of the campaign was to gain military control of the British Province of Quebec (modern-day Canada),", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1995856", "score": "1.0233424", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "American Revolutionary War", "text": "York. Starting in August 1775, American Privateers began to raid villages in Nova Scotia, first at Saint John, then Charlottetown and Yarmouth. They continued in 1776 at Canso and then a land assault on Fort Cumberland. Meanwhile, British officials in Quebec began lobbying Indian tribes to support them, while the Americans urged them to maintain their neutrality. In April 1775, Congress feared an Anglo-Indian attack from Canada and authorized an invasion of Quebec. Quebec had a largely Francophone population and had been under British rule for only 12 years, and the Americans expected that they would welcome being liberated from", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2760", "score": "1.0217049", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "American Revolutionary War", "text": "launched an attempt to retake New Jersey. On June 7, 6,000 men invaded under Hessian general Wilhelm von Knyphausen, but they met stiff resistance from the local militia. The British held the field, but Knyphausen feared a general engagement with Washington's main army and withdrew. Knyphausen and Clinton decided upon a second attempt two weeks later which was soundly defeated at Springfield, effectively ending British ambitions in New Jersey. Meanwhile, American general Benedict Arnold had defected to the British, and he conspired to betray the key American fortress of West Point by surrendering it to the enemy. The plot was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2799", "score": "1.020494", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "American Revolutionary War", "text": "entered the war in 1778, and Spain joined the war the following year as an ally of France but not as an ally of the United States. In 1780, the Kingdom of Mysore attacked the British in India, and tensions between Great Britain and the Netherlands erupted into open war. In North America, the British mounted a \"Southern strategy\" led by Charles Cornwallis which hinged upon a Loyalist uprising, but too few came forward. Cornwallis suffered reversals at King's Mountain and Cowpens. He retreated to Yorktown, Virginia, intending an evacuation, but a decisive French naval victory deprived him of an", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2749", "score": "1.0190251", "original_retrieval_index": 36 }, { "title": "George Washington in the French and Indian War", "text": "logistical military experience. He also acquired important political skills in his dealings with the British military establishment and the provincial government. His military exploits, although they included some notable failures, made his military reputation in the colonies such that he became a natural selection as the commander in chief of the Continental Army following the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War in 1775. His successes in military and political spheres during that conflict led to his election as the first President of the United States of America. Born into a well-to-do Virginia family in Bridges Creek near Fredericksburg in ,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8664728", "score": "1.0189941", "original_retrieval_index": 37 }, { "title": "British Army during the American Revolutionary War", "text": "of General Richard Montgomery launched an invasion of British controlled Canada. They besieged and captured Fort Saint-Jean, while another army moved on Montreal. However they were defeated at the Battle of Quebec and British forces under the command of General Guy Carleton launched a counter invasion which drove the colonial forces from the province entirely and reached all the way to Lake Chaplain, however came short of recapturing Fort Ticonderoga. \"\"I cannot too much commend Lord Cornwallis's good services during this campaign, and particularly the ability and conduct he displayed in the pursuit of the enemy from Fort Lee to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17566780", "score": "1.0187466", "original_retrieval_index": 39 }, { "title": "George Washington in the American Revolution", "text": "York City; it was frustrated when Arnold was sent on a raiding expedition to Virginia. The early months of 1781 continued to be difficult for the American cause. Troops mutinied in Pennsylvania, inspiring troops in New Jersey to also do so. Washington was uninvolved in resolving the Pennsylvania troops' demands, but he sent troops under General Robert Howe that harshly put down the New Jersey mutiny, hanging two men. General Arnold's raiding expedition to Virginia was a notable success, ravaging the countryside and destroying military and economic infrastructure and supplies. He was ineffectually opposed by Virginia militia and Continental recruits", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9436144", "score": "1.0186623", "original_retrieval_index": 40 }, { "title": "History of the United States (1776–1789)", "text": "his army. The British made the city their main political and military base of operations in North America, holding it until late 1783. Patriot evacuation and British military occupation made the city the destination for Loyalist refugees, and a focal point of Washington's intelligence network. The British soon seized New Jersey, and American fortunes looked dim; Thomas Paine proclaimed \"these are the times that try men's souls\". But Washington struck back in a surprise attack, crossing the icy Delaware River into New Jersey and defeated British armies at Trenton and Princeton, thereby regaining New Jersey. The victories gave an important", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1722359", "score": "1.0157262", "original_retrieval_index": 42 }, { "title": "American Revolutionary War", "text": "Loyalist military capability in the South. Upon the entry of France and Spain into the conflict, the British were forced to severely limit the number of troops and warships that they sent to North America in order to defend other key territories and the British mainland. As a result, King George III abandoned any hope of subduing America militarily while he had a European war to contend with. The small size of Britain's army left them unable to concentrate their resources primarily in one theater as they had done in the Seven Years' War, leaving them at a critical disadvantage.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2880", "score": "1.0140262", "original_retrieval_index": 44 }, { "title": "American Revolutionary War", "text": "by Patriot militias who effectively suppressed Loyalists by winning victories in Fairfield County, Lincolnton, Huck's Defeat, Stanly County, and Lancaster County. Congress appointed Horatio Gates, victor at Saratoga, to lead the American effort in the south. He suffered a major defeat at Camden on August 16, 1780, setting the stage for Cornwallis to invade North Carolina. The British attempted to subjugate the countryside, and Patriot militia continued to fight against them, so Cornwallis dispatched troops to raise Loyalist forces to cover his left flank as he moved north. This wing of Cornwallis' army was virtually destroyed on October 7, irreversibly", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2805", "score": "1.0129623", "original_retrieval_index": 45 }, { "title": "New Jersey in the American Revolution", "text": "Washington's army at Trenton after George Washington recrossed the Delaware River, resulting in the Second Battle of Trenton. Cornwallis's initial results were failures. After recapturing Trenton, he ordered charges on defenses fortified by Washington at Assunpink Creek. The Americans, from their defenses, fired volleys at the advancing troops, striking heavy casualties in the British army. Later that night, General Washington moved the majority of his army on a surprise attack upon British troops stationed at Princeton. At the same time, he left a few troops to stall Cornwallis by creating false signals (campfires, loud noises, fortification repair) to give the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6779322", "score": "1.0123626", "original_retrieval_index": 46 }, { "title": "American Revolutionary War", "text": "River in August which met with some success, but it did little to abate the Indian raids on the frontier. French militia attempted to capture Detroit, but it ended in disaster when Miami Indians ambushed and defeated the gathered troops on November 5. The war in the west had become a stalemate; the Americans did not have the manpower to simultaneously defeat the hostile Indian tribes and occupy their land. The British turned their attention to conquering the South in 1778, after Loyalists in London assured them of a strong Loyalist base there. A southern campaign also had the advantage", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2802", "score": "1.0102291", "original_retrieval_index": 48 }, { "title": "George Washington", "text": "effort to effect greater troop numbers. Strategically, Washington's victories were pivotal for the Revolution and quashed the British strategy of showing overwhelming force followed by offering generous terms. In February 1777 word of American victories at Trenton and Princeton reached London, and brought with it the realization that the Patriots were in a position to demand unconditional independence. That month while encamped at Morristown, New Jersey, Washington determined smallpox inoculation could prevent deaths from the disease, and employed it for the army to great effect. In July, 1777, British General John Burgoyne led a major invasion army south from Quebec,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "151216", "score": "1.0097969", "original_retrieval_index": 49 } ]

[ "Eddie Van Halen" ]

[ { "title": "Beat It", "text": "that would be cool and that we could do our own take on\", he said. Having spent time deciding on a guitarist for the song, Wentz eventually called John Mayer to add the guitar solo. \"We were trying to think about who is a contemporary guitar guy who's going to go down as a legend\", Wentz later noted. Upon its digital release as a single in April 2008, Fall Out Boy's cover of \"Beat It\" became a mainstay on iTunes' Top 10 chart. The song peaked at No. 8 in Canada, becoming another top 10 hit in the region. It", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11875462", "score": "1.1539487", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Death of Michael Jackson", "text": "performed an instrumental version of \"Beat It\" at the Meinl Guitar Festival 2009 on June 27 in Gutenstetten, Germany. Extreme performed \"Wanna Be Startin' Somethin\" at the Midnight Rodeo in Amarillo, Texas. Guitarist Yngwie Malmsteen recorded \"Beat It\" with ex-Judas Priest/Iced Earth frontman Tim \"Ripper\" Owens on vocals. Guitarist Buckethead wrote a song entitled \"The Homing Beacon\", inspired by Jackson's 3-D film, \"Captain EO\". Alternative metal band CKY performed \"Beat It\" for the duration of their \"Carver City\" Tour. In some instances, guitarist Chad I Ginsburg wore T-shirts depicting Jackson during the performances. Statements of tribute came from rock musicians", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13517391", "score": "1.1520363", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Guitar Beat", "text": "Guitar Beat Guitar Beat is the debut album by the neo-surf band the Raybeats. It was released in 1981 and produced by Martin Rushent. The album features ten original instrumentals, plus a Jan and Dean cover. In tongue-in-cheek fashion, the original LP sleeve characterized the first side as the \"listless, spotty & wasteful side\" and the second as the \"brave, clean & reverent side\". The record sleeve also featured on the front a hand-colored photo of the band by photographer Laura Levine. AllMusic called it \"a magnificent, echo-drenched set of concise and atmospheric riff-driven tunes that in a better world", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12246579", "score": "1.1153635", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Beat It", "text": "on the song. The intro is taken note for note from a demo LP released the year before, called \"The Incredible Sounds of Synclavier II\" first published in 1981 by Denny Jaeger Creative Services, Inc and sold by New England Digital, makers of the Synclavier. The drums were played by Toto co-founder Jeff Porcaro. Jermaine Jackson has suggested the inspiration of \"Beat It\" and its video came from the Jackson family experiencing gang activity in Gary, Indiana. \"From our front window, we witnessed, about three bad rumbles between rival gangs.\" The lyrics of \"Beat It\" have been described as a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11875435", "score": "1.0695784", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Beat It", "text": "\"Billboard\" Hot 100 and reached No. 21 on the defunct-\"Billboard\" Pop 100 chart, also charting internationally. The band has since regularly incorporated it in their set list at their shows. In early 2008 it was announced that Fall Out Boy were to cover \"Beat It\" for their \"Live in Phoenix\" album. The band had previously performed the song at venues such as Coors Amphitheatre and festivals such as the Carling Weekend in Leeds. Bassist Pete Wentz, who has claimed to have an obsession with Jackson, stated that prior to recording the song, he would only watch \"Moonwalker\". It was also", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11875460", "score": "1.0442557", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Beat It", "text": "All Time\". \"Beat It\" has been covered, parodied, and sampled by artists including Fall Out Boy, Fergie, and \"Weird Al\" Yankovic. The song was also featured in the National Highway Safety Commission's anti-drunk driving campaign. \"Beat It\" was composed by Michael Jackson for his \"Thriller\" album. Producer Quincy Jones had wanted to include a rock and roll song in the vein of the Knack's \"My Sharona\", though Jackson reportedly had never previously shown an interest in the genre. Jackson later said of \"Beat It\", \"I wanted to write a song, the type of song that I would buy if I", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11875433", "score": "1.0405246", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Guitar Beat", "text": "would have turned up as the soundtrack for a James Bond movie directed by David Lynch.\" All compositions by Pat Irwin, Jody Harris, Don Christensen and George Scott III except as indicated. Guitar Beat Guitar Beat is the debut album by the neo-surf band the Raybeats. It was released in 1981 and produced by Martin Rushent. The album features ten original instrumentals, plus a Jan and Dean cover. In tongue-in-cheek fashion, the original LP sleeve characterized the first side as the \"listless, spotty & wasteful side\" and the second as the \"brave, clean & reverent side\". The record sleeve also", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12246580", "score": "1.022626", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Goodbye to Love", "text": "then burn it up! Soar off into the stratosphere! Go ahead! It'll be great!\" John Bettis has said that Richard Carpenter kept calling him, raving about the guitar solo. He was wondering why Richard was going on about the solo until he heard it. The lyricist said he cried when he first heard the song because he had never heard an electric guitar sound like that. He said Tony Peluso \"had a certain almost cello sounding guitar growl that worked against the wonderful melancholia of that song\". He went on to say the \"way it growls at you, especially at", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10167687", "score": "1.0171335", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Dirty Diana", "text": "\"The Quietus\" regards the song as an attempt to recreate \"the pop-rock alchemy of 'Beat It'.\" In his \"Bad\" review, \"Los Angeles Times\" Richard Cromelin describes \"Dirty Diana\" as a hard rock song, writing, \"'Dirty Diana' is trying to be this year's 'Beat It' — a hard-rock song about a tenacious groupie that's sent into orbit by a Steve Stevens guitar solo.\" Jon Pareles, a writer for \"The New York Times\", viewed \"Dirty Diana\" as a song about a \"groupie who latches onto the narrator, mixes the sexual fears of 'Billie Jean' with the hard-rock lead guitar of 'Beat It'.\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5842313", "score": "1.0156144", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Beat It", "text": "Eddie Van Halen, lead guitarist of hard rock band Van Halen, was asked to add a guitar solo. When initially contacted by Jones, Van Halen thought he was receiving a prank call. Having established that the call was genuine, Van Halen borrowed an amplifier from guitarist Allan Holdsworth and recorded his guitar solo free of any charge. \"I did it as a favor\", the musician later said. \"I was a complete fool, according to the rest of the band, our manager and everyone else. I was not used. I knew what I was doing – I don't do something unless", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Swallow This Live", "text": "before guitarist C.C. DeVille departed from the band later that year. One track, So Tell Me Why, was released as a single and reached number 25 in the United Kingdom in November 1991 and features a music video. \"Guitar Solo\" was named the worst guitar solo ever by Guitar World magazine in 2004. Disc 1 Disc 2 The UK single disc version contained a cut down track listing that lost the guitar and drum solos and the tracks \"Let It Play\", \"Life Goes On\", \"Ride the Wind\", and \"Love on the Rocks\". Capitol Records released a digitally remastered edition of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4533816", "score": "1.0111911", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Charlotte Caffey", "text": "Charlotte Caffey Charlotte Irene Caffey (born October 21, 1953) is an American rock and roll guitarist and songwriter, best known for her work in the Go-Go's in the 1980s, including writing \"We Got the Beat\". Caffey began her musical career as a bass guitar player in the early Los Angeles punk band The Eyes before joining the Go-Go's in 1978 and switching to guitar. She remained friends with fellow band member Belinda Carlisle after the initial break up of the Go-Go's and wrote songs for Carlisle's solo albums. From 1988 till 1992, she led her own band, The Graces, with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2443693", "score": "1.0078536", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Beat It", "text": "Stone\" magazine placed \"Beat It\" in the 337th spot on its list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. The song was featured in the films \"Back to the Future Part II\", \"Zoolander\" and \"Undercover Brother\". When re-released, as part of the \"\" campaign in 2006, \"Beat It\" charted at No. 15 in the UK. The song has been used in TV commercials for companies like Budweiser, eBay, Burger King, Delta Air Lines, Game Boy, Coldwell Banker and the NFL. On the \"City Guys\" episode of season 3's \"Face the Music\", Jamal says to Slick Billy West, played by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11875455", "score": "1.0077264", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Beat It", "text": "States and received the 1984 Grammy Awards for Record of the Year and Best Male Rock Vocal Performance, as well as two American Music Awards. It was inducted into the Music Video Producers Hall of Fame. The single, along with its music video, helped propel \"Thriller\" into becoming the best-selling album of all time. The single was certified platinum in the United States in 1989. \"Rolling Stone\" placed \"Beat It\" on the 344th spot of its list of \"The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time\". The song was also ranked number 81 on \"Rolling Stone\"s \"100 Greatest Guitar Songs of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11875432", "score": "1.0051017", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Guitar solo", "text": "electric guitar is played through a guitar amplifier to make the instrument loud enough. Guitar amplifiers also have preamplifier and tone controls, and in some cases, overdrive controls that modify the tone. The use of a guitar solo as an instrumental interlude was developed by blues musicians such as John Lee Hooker, Muddy Waters, and T-Bone Walker, and jazz like Charlie Christian. Ernest Tubb's 1940 honky tonk classic, \"Walking the Floor over You\" was the first \"hit\" recording to feature and highlight a solo by a standard electric guitar–though earlier hits featured electric lap steel guitars. Blues master Lonnie Johnson", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3108682", "score": "1.0036857", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Ian Samwell", "text": "with EMI's Columbia Records and Samwell wrote \"Move It\", which was inspired by Chuck Berry. The song was initially intended as the B-side of their debut single \"Schoolboy Crush\", but Jack Good ensured that it became the A-side of their release. The song reached No. 2 in the UK Singles Chart and is generally accepted as the first rock and roll song to be written in the United Kingdom. Samwell played rhythm guitar on \"Move It\", but was edged out of the band when Hank Marvin and Jet Harris joined. He was then offered a songwriting contract and wrote Richard's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8619627", "score": "1.0028741", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Rub It In", "text": "Rub It In \"Rub It In\" is a song written and originally recorded by Layng Martine Jr., and credited as Layng Martine. His version, released on the Barnaby Records label, was produced by Ray Stevens and was a U.S. chart single in the fall of 1971, reaching number 65. Billy \"Crash\" Craddock covered the song in 1974, on the album \"Rub It In\", taking it to Number One on the country music charts and Top 20 on the pop charts. He told Tom Roland in The Billboard Book of Number One Country Hits that many stations refused to play it", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10149715", "score": "1.0028106", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "She Did It", "text": "the initial inspiration for the song because of the 'did-its'. \"She Did It\" also features Burton Cummings, formerly of The Guess Who, and a guitar solo by Andrew Gold (\"Lonely Boy\"), featuring his distinctive harmonized lead guitar sound, and drumming by Toto's Jeff Porcaro. Carmen has stated that \"She Did It\" was in turn a source of inspiration for another song, the 1982 hit \"Did It in a Minute\" by Hall & Oates, with whom he was touring at the time their song became a hit. The 45 RPM cover sheath for \"She Did It\" was a black and white", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11624423", "score": "1.0009652", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Rhythm guitar", "text": "their riffs to create a percussive sound. Guitarist Ernie Isley of The Isley Brothers and Eddie Hazel of Funkadelic were notably influenced by Jimi Hendrix's improvised solos. Eddie Hazel, who worked with George Clinton, is a notable guitar soloist in funk. Ernie Isley was tutored at an early age by Jimi Hendrix himself, when he was a part of The Isley Brothers backing band and lived in the attic temporarily at the Isleys' household. Jimmy Nolen and Phelps Collins are famous funk rhythm guitarists who both worked with James Brown. The guitar in reggae usually plays the chords on beats", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "356671", "score": "0.9982868", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Beat It", "text": "he performed it on all of his world tours: Bad, Dangerous and HIStory. The October 1, 1992 Dangerous Tour performance of \"Beat It\" was included in the \"Michael Jackson: The Ultimate Collection\" box set. The DVD was later repackaged as \"\". Jackson also performed the song on the \"\", a concert celebrating the musician's thirtieth year as a solo performer. The performance featured Slash as the song's guest guitarist. A highlight of Jackson's solo concert tour performances of the song is that would he would begin the song on a cherry picker (which he would also later use with \"Earth", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11875451", "score": "0.993026", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Beat It", "text": "the song was an \"uncharacteristic dalliance with the rock idiom\". The track also won praise from Jackson biographer J. Randy Taraborrelli, who stated that the song was \"rambunctious\". \"Beat It\" has been recognized with several awards. At the 1984 Grammy Awards, the song earned Jackson two of a record-eight awards: Record of the Year and Best Male Rock Vocal Performance. The track won the Billboard Music Award for favorite dance/disco 12\" LP in 1983. The single was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), a few months after its release, for shipments of at least one million", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11875442", "score": "0.9925029", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Catch a Fire", "text": "the end. After also playing slide guitar on \"Baby We've Got a Date (Rock It Baby)\" and the wah-wah-laced lead on \"Stir it Up,\" Perkins then completed his own album.<br> \"Stir it Up\" was later covered by Johnny Nash's band, Rabbit and the Jungles, on their \"I Can See Clearly Now\" album, peaking at number 11 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart, Rabbit Bundrick played on all songs on numerous keyboards, including on a synthesizer and a clavinet. Robbie Shakespeare played the bass on \"Concrete Jungle\", while organist Tyrone Downie performed on the same track as well as on \"Stir", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1625875", "score": "0.9908764", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Andy Taylor (guitarist)", "text": "T. Rex song \"Get It On (Bang a Gong)\" (UK No. 22, US#9). Palmer performed live with the band only once that year, on \"Saturday Night Live\". The band toured, and even played Live Aid with singer Michael Des Barres after Palmer bowed out at the last moment to go back into the studio to further his newly revitalized solo career. Taylor also performed with Duran Duran at the Live Aid event. Palmer recorded the album \"Riptide\" in 1985, recruiting Thompson and Andy Taylor to play on some tracks and Power Station producer Bernard Edwards, who worked with Thompson in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3034717", "score": "0.9906008", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Don Rich", "text": "January 1964. One was a fast song entitled \"My Heart Skips a Beat\", the other a slow ballad called \"Together Again\". Rich played an excellent ride on \"My Heart Skips a Beat\", and Tom Brumley played what has been called one of the greatest steel guitar solos ever on \"Together Again\". Both songs shot up to No. 1 simultaneously and switched spots multiple times. Rich hired Willie Cantu, a young Texan, to play drums for the Buckaroos in January 1964. In July of that year, the new band recorded \"I Don't Care (Just As Long As You Love Me)\". This", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8446211", "score": "0.9905815", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "I Want It All (Queen song)", "text": "power chord, it picks up on the first electric guitar riff by May that follows the short rhythmic guitar part mentioned before. The guitar solo section is different as well: the album version features an extra solo, done at the same tempo as the rest of the song, just before the faster main solo. Mercury's vocals after the middle eight are also slightly different and are positioned on the \"extra\" solo on the album version, and on the main solo on both the single version and video version. The compilation album Queen Rocks includes a composite version that begins with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7357922", "score": "0.98602945", "original_retrieval_index": 34 }, { "title": "Cindy Wilson", "text": "(Called the Moon)\" from the B-52's first album, and played the guitar solo for \"Nip It In the Bud\" during the band's 1982 \"Mesopotamia\" tour. She has stated that she was encouraged to play guitar by her brother, but experienced finger pain. Cindy briefly played a note or two on the keyboard during the band's \"Whammy!\" tour version of \"Private Idaho\" and at Rock In Rio 1985. She also played an electronic drum kit on a commercial for the WE tv network. In an interview with \"The Age\", Wilson stated her older brother Ricky didn't tell anyone except Keith Strickland", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4191883", "score": "0.9833147", "original_retrieval_index": 35 }, { "title": "Upp (band)", "text": "1970s BBC One special \"Four Faces of Guitar\", which also featured Julian Bream. They played two songs, which were \"Get Down in the Dirt\" and Beck's arrangement of The Beatles' song \"She's a Woman\", with an interview about Beck's instrumentation as an intermission between the two. A BBC radio recording was broadcast on BBC Radio 1 circa 1976. The group's track \"Give It to You\" contains one of the popular breakbeats of all time, and is featured in the \"Ultimate Breaks and Beats\" series. Upp (band) Upp was a British rock-jazz fusion band, active in the 1970s. The group was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9306276", "score": "0.9821918", "original_retrieval_index": 36 }, { "title": "Beat It", "text": "Right before Van Halen's guitar solo begins, a noise is heard that sounds like somebody knocking at a door. It is reported that the knock was a person walking into Eddie's recording studio. Another story has claimed that the sound was simply the musician knocking on his own guitar. The sound, however, is that of Jackson knocking on a drum case, as he is credited in the album's liner notes. The engineers were shocked during the recording of Van Halen's solo to discover that the sound of his guitar had caused the monitor speaker in the control room to catch", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11875438", "score": "0.98080665", "original_retrieval_index": 37 }, { "title": "Rock It (George Jones song)", "text": "woulda been a really hot rockabilly artist if he'd approached it from that angle. Well, he was, really, but never got the credit for it.\" Moreover, Jones' first #1 country hit, \"White Lightning\", was written by J.P. Richardson, better known as rockabilly star the Big Bopper, and also had a rock and roll edge. Rock It (George Jones song) \"Rock It\" is a rockabilly single by country music singer George Jones. Not wanting to use his real name and jeopardize his reputation as a country artist, Starday Records released it under the pseudonym \"Thumper Jones.\" With the explosion in popularity", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18943897", "score": "0.9796064", "original_retrieval_index": 38 }, { "title": "Layng Martine Jr.", "text": "Layng Martine Jr. Layng Martine Jr. is an American songwriter. A member of the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame, he was the writer of \"Rub It In\", a number one country hit for Billy \"Crash\" Craddock in 1974, which became the long-running TV commercial \"Plug It In\" for Johnson & Johnson's Glade Plug-ins air freshening product. This song was previously a No. 65 single on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 for Martine himself in 1971, whose version was released on Barnaby Records. Some of Martine's other writing credits include Elvis Presley's million seller \"Way Down\", The Pointer Sisters' Top Ten \"Should", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12676022", "score": "0.97890586", "original_retrieval_index": 39 } ]

[ "Arthur Chung", "Forbes Burnham" ]

[ { "title": "President of Guyana", "text": "President of Guyana The President of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana is the head of state and the head of government of Guyana, as well as the commander-in-chief of the armed forces of the Republic, according to the Constitution of Guyana. The President is also the Chancellor of the Orders of Guyana. When Guyana was declared a republic in 1970, the president was elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term and possessed largely ceremonial powers. After a 1980 referendum, the constitution was amended to make the president an executive post, and the president became known as the executive", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2706772", "score": "1.2221861", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Edward Luckhoo", "text": "1965. He was the brother of lawyer and diplomat Sir Lionel Luckhoo, who was the British High Commissioner for Guyana and Barbados. He was appointed a Justice of Appeal in 1966 and Chancellor of the Judiciary in October 1969. As Chancellor of the Judiciary from 1969 to 1976 he was President of the Court of Appeal and briefly became the last Governor-General in 1969, and then Acting President when Guyana became a Republic on 23 February 1970. However he is not officially mentioned in lists of Presidents of Guyana. He was knighted on 1 January 1970, and received the Order", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13217131", "score": "1.1925652", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Rodolphe Alexandre", "text": "III. He joined the Guyanese Socialist Party (PSG) in 1983, when he became chief of staff in the General Council of Guyana (until 1988). Rodolphe Alexandre Rodolphe Alexandre (born 26 September 1953 in Cayenne) is a French political figure from French Guiana. The former Mayor of Cayenne, he is president of the Guiana Assembly, the deliberative assembly of French Guiana, since its establishment on 1 January 2016. He was president of the Regional Council of French Guiana from 26 March 2010, till the Regional Council and General Council were replaced by the one body, the Guiana Assembly, on 1 January", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16601168", "score": "1.1854259", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Edward Luckhoo", "text": "Edward Luckhoo Sir Edward Victor Luckhoo OR (24 May 1912 – 3 March 1998) was the last Governor General of Guyana, and briefly the acting President of the Republic of Guyana on its formation in 1970. He was born in New Amsterdam, Berbice, the son of Edward Luckhoo, a solicitor of Indian extraction, and educated at Queen's College, Guyana and St Catherine's College, Oxford, where he was awarded a Bachelor of Arts degree. He studied law at the Middle Temple, where he was called to the bar in 1931. Admitted to practice in 1936, he was made Queen’s Counsel in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13217130", "score": "1.1852255", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Donald Ramotar", "text": "Pravasi Bharatiya Divas of January 2015 held in Gandhinagar, India. Donald Ramotar Donald Rabindranauth Ramotar (born 22 October 1950) is a Guyanese politician who was President of Guyana from 2011 to 2015. He was also the General Secretary of the People's Progressive Party (PPP) from 1997 to 2013. Ramotar joined the PPP in 1967 and was first elected to the PPP Central Committee in 1979; he joined the PPP Executive Committee in 1983. He received a certificate from the Government Technical Institute (GTI) in welding. From 1988 to 1993, he was International Secretary of the Guyana Agricultural Workers' Union. In", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4727974", "score": "1.164831", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Cheddi Jagan", "text": "Cheddi Jagan Cheddi Berret Jagan (22 March 1918 – 6 March 1997) was a Guyanese politician who was first elected Chief Minister in 1953 and later Premier of British Guiana from 1961 to 1964, prior to independence. He later served as President of Guyana from 1992 to 1997. He is widely regarded in Guyana as the \"Father of the Nation\". Cheddi Berret (Bharat) Jagan was born on 22 March 1918 in Port Mourant, a rural village in the county of Berbice (now part of modern-day Guyana), the eldest of 11 children born to parents of the Kurmi caste who came", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2356600", "score": "1.1647583", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Désirée Bernard", "text": "the first woman to be Chancellor of the Anglican Diocese of Guyana. Désirée Bernard Désirée Patricia Bernard (born 2 March 1939) is a Guyanan lawyer and jurist who was the country's first female judge of the High Court in 1980 and Justice of Appeal of the Supreme Court in 1992. She was appointed Chief Justice of Guyana in 1996, Chancellor of the Judiciary of Guyana and the Caribbean in 2001 and a Judge of the Caribbean Court of Justice in 2005. In 2014, she was appointed to the Bermuda Court of Appeal. Bernard was born in Georgetown on 2 March", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20583520", "score": "1.1647236", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "David A. Granger", "text": "16 January 2012. Granger stood again as the presidential candidate of the opposition coalition, APNU – AFC, in the 11 May 2015 general election. The coalition secured the majority of votes, and Granger was sworn in as President of Guyana on 16 May 2015. Granger attended Queen's College, before he pursued his tertiary education. He is a graduate of the University of Guyana, where he received his Bachelor’s and Master’s Degrees; the University of the West Indies, where he received his post-graduate Diploma in International Relations; and the University of Maryland, where he was a Hubert H. Humphrey Fellow. He", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7250900", "score": "1.1606884", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "David Rose (Guyanese politician)", "text": "David Rose (Guyanese politician) Sir David James Gardiner Rose (April 10, 1923 – November 10, 1969) was Governor General of Guyana from 1966 to 1969. He was raised in Mahaica in British Guiana and was educated at Mount St Mary's College in England. Returning to British Guiana following World War II, the newly wed David Rose joined the colonial police force and later became Assistant Commissioner of Police (Crime). In 1960-61 he was appointed as defense officer to the Federal Government of the West Indies Federation in Trinidad. Following the breakup of the Federation, between 1964 and 1966, he was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13217116", "score": "1.1516864", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Arthur Chung", "text": "Arthur Chung (January 10, 1918 – June 23, 2008) was the first President of Guyana from 1970 to 1980. During his time as President of Guyana, the office was that of a ceremonial head of state, with real power in the hands of Prime Minister Forbes Burnham. He was honoured with Guyana's highest national honour, the Order of Excellence (O.E.).", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Ralph Ramkarran", "text": "Ralph Ramkarran Hari Narayen Ramkaran (born 11 August 1946), known as Ralph Ramkarran, is a Guyanese politician and lawyer. He served as Speaker of the National Assembly of Guyana from 2001 to 2011. He attended the Bel Air Primary school, Central High School and Queen’s College. After his high school education, he then went on to the UK to study law. Mr. Ramkarran qualified as a lawyer in 1972 in the United Kingdom as a member of Gray’s Inn and returned to Guyana the following year when he entered into private practice. In 1977, he joined the law firm of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18935383", "score": "1.1456754", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Janet Jagan", "text": "Janet Jagan Janet Rosenberg Jagan (October 20, 1920 – March 28, 2009) was the first female President of Guyana, serving from December 19, 1997, to August 11, 1999. She previously served as the first female Prime Minister of Guyana from March 17, 1997, to December 19, 1997. The wife of Cheddi Jagan, whom she succeeded as president, she was awarded Guyana's highest national award, the Order of Excellence, in 1993, and the UNESCO Mahatma Gandhi Gold Medal for Women's Rights in 1998. Jagan was born Janet Rosenberg to middle-class Jewish parents on the south side of Chicago, Illinois, on October", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3748474", "score": "1.1382183", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Donald Ramotar", "text": "Donald Ramotar Donald Rabindranauth Ramotar (born 22 October 1950) is a Guyanese politician who was President of Guyana from 2011 to 2015. He was also the General Secretary of the People's Progressive Party (PPP) from 1997 to 2013. Ramotar joined the PPP in 1967 and was first elected to the PPP Central Committee in 1979; he joined the PPP Executive Committee in 1983. He received a certificate from the Government Technical Institute (GTI) in welding. From 1988 to 1993, he was International Secretary of the Guyana Agricultural Workers' Union. In the 1992 election, in which the PPP under Cheddi Jagan", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4727968", "score": "1.1375594", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Chief Justice of Guyana", "text": "Chief Justice of Guyana The Chief Justice of Guyana is the senior judge of the High Court of the Supreme Court of Guyana and is appointed by the President of Guyana. The High Court consists of the Chief Justice as President of the Court supported by several Puisne Judges. There is a right of appeal from the Supreme Court to the Guyana Court of Appeal, which was established in 1966 and consists of the Chancellor as President of the Court assisted by the Chief Justice and several Justices of Appeal. Since 1966 the Chancellor has thus been the head of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19089429", "score": "1.1324184", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Janet Jagan", "text": "Jagan became First Lady. She represented Guyana at the United Nations for three months in 1993, temporarily replacing Rudy Insanally when the latter was President of the United Nations General Assembly. After Cheddi Jagan's death, Janet Jagan was sworn in as Prime Minister as well as First Vice President on March 17, 1997. Jagan was the presidential candidate of the PPP in the December 1997 election. The PPP won the election, making Jagan the first female President of Guyana, as well as the country's first Jewish and first U.S.-born leader. She was also the third woman elected in her own", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3748479", "score": "1.1320435", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Donald Ramotar", "text": "won power for first time in decades, Ramotar was elected to the National Assembly of Guyana; he was continuously re-elected thereafter. He was designated as the PPP's Executive Secretary in 1993. Following Jagan's death in March 1997, Ramotar was unanimously elected to succeed him as the PPP's General Secretary on March 29, 1997. At the PPP's 29th Congress, he was re-elected to its Central Committee on August 2, 2008, receiving the fourth-highest number of votes (637). Following the Congress, he was re-elected by the Central Committee as General Secretary on August 12, 2008, without opposition; he was also elected to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4727969", "score": "1.1305716", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "David Rose (Guyanese politician)", "text": "the Administrator of Antigua. He was then transferred to a newly independent Guyana, where he served as Governor General from 1966 to 1969. He was killed in an accident while visiting London to relinquish his post. The honours he received included the Colonial Police Medal with bar for gallantry, and the highest award of Guyana, the Order of Excellence, which was awarded posthumously in 1970. David Rose (Guyanese politician) Sir David James Gardiner Rose (April 10, 1923 – November 10, 1969) was Governor General of Guyana from 1966 to 1969. He was raised in Mahaica in British Guiana and was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13217117", "score": "1.1259673", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Desmond Hoyte", "text": "Desmond Hoyte Hugh Desmond Hoyte (9 March 1929 – 22 December 2002) was a Guyanese politician. He served as Prime Minister of Guyana from 1984 to 1985 and President of Guyana from 1985 until 1992. Hoyte was born in Guyana's capital, Georgetown. He was educated at St Barnabas Anglican School and Progressive High School, before studying law in London, England. Back in British Guiana (as it was then called) in 1960 he set up private practice and became one of the leaders of the Guyana Bar Association. He entered Parliament as a member of the People's National Congress in 1968", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3804872", "score": "1.1252782", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Guyana Labour Union", "text": "GLU honorary president in the 1980s. The Guyana Labour Union later became associated with the People's National Congress. Robert Williams is the general secretary of GLU. Guyana Labour Union The Guyana Labour Union is a trade union centre in Guyana, previously known as the British Guiana Labour Union. The BGLU was founded in 1919, emerging as a labour union amongst black dockworkers. Led by Hubert Critchlow. It soon expanded into a colony-wide labour movement. BGLU was not the first trade union in the Caribbean, but was the first to be legally registered. By 1928 the organization claimed to have 1,073", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14182967", "score": "1.1239605", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Mackenzie High School (Guyana)", "text": "by office. They were the Chief Justice of British Guiana, President of the Royal Agricultural and Commercial Society (RA&CS) of the colony and the Managing Director of DEMBA. Recognition of the four founding members of the school board was reflected in the house system, through which houses were named after Mr. William Grant, Mr. O. D. Cambridge, Mr. Dorsett Carr and Mr. Sam Blackett. Mr. William Ogle replaced Mr. Sim, from England, before Mr. John Cummings succeeded to the principal post in 1965, a year prior to candidates from the school beginning to sit GCE ‘A’ level exams. The first", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6593243", "score": "1.1165471", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Chief Justice of Guyana", "text": "the Judiciary in Guyana. Chief Justice of Guyana The Chief Justice of Guyana is the senior judge of the High Court of the Supreme Court of Guyana and is appointed by the President of Guyana. The High Court consists of the Chief Justice as President of the Court supported by several Puisne Judges. There is a right of appeal from the Supreme Court to the Guyana Court of Appeal, which was established in 1966 and consists of the Chancellor as President of the Court assisted by the Chief Justice and several Justices of Appeal. Since 1966 the Chancellor has thus", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19089430", "score": "1.1164606", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "University of Guyana", "text": "at Birmingham to involve them in the recruitment of staff. The University opened on the grounds of Queen's College in late 1963. Its first chancellor was Edgar Mortimer Duke and its first Principal and Vice-Chancellor was the British biologist and mathematician Lancelot Hogben. The University of Guyana is Guyana’s sole national higher education institution. It was established in April 1963 with the following Mission: “To discover, generate, disseminate, and apply knowledge of the highest standard for the service of the community, the nation, and of all mankind within an atmosphere of academic freedom that allows for free and critical enquiry.”", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5979177", "score": "1.113671", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "History of Guyana", "text": "became Guyana's first executive president and promised elections later in the year. In elections held on December 15, 1980, the PNC claimed 77 percent of the vote and forty-one seats of the popularly elected seats, plus the ten chosen by the regional councils. The PPP and UF won ten and two seats, respectively. The WPA refused to participate in an electoral contest it regarded as fraudulent. Opposition claims of electoral fraud were upheld by a team of international observers headed by Britain's Lord Avebury. The economic crisis facing Guyana in the early 1980s deepened considerably, accompanied by the rapid deterioration", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "671574", "score": "1.1126086", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Queen's College, Guyana", "text": "Royal Air Force in the Second World War but was killed in an aircraft accident. Woolley House — Sir Charles Campbell Woolley (1893–1981) was Governor of British Guiana from 12 April 1947 to 14 April 1953. It was during his administration that the major, post-war, 10-year development programme covering all aspects of economic and social welfare transformation was introduced. This led to improvements in public health, public transportation and the social services and the introduction of the ‘Waddington’ Constitution introducing universal suffrage. The new building for the college was constructed at its present site in Thomas Lands and the removal", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6595291", "score": "1.1100798", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Queen of Guyana", "text": "President of Guyana as head of state. The Queen visited the country twice: in 1966 shortly before independence (4–5 February) and in 1994 (19–22 February). Both trips were part of a Caribbean tour. Queen of Guyana Elizabeth II was Queen of Guyana from 1966 to 1970, when Guyana was independent sovereign state with a constitutional monarchy. She was also the Sovereign of the other Commonwealth realms, including the United Kingdom. Her constitutional roles were delegated to the Governor-General of Guyana. The Crown colony of British Guiana became an independent country called Guyana on 26 May 1966. Its new constitution provided", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16966786", "score": "1.1088456", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Janet Jagan", "text": "of early Carter collections such as \"The Hill of Fire Glows Red\". She strongly believed that Guyanese children needed books which reflected their own realities. In 1993, Peepal Tree Press published her \"When Grandpa Cheddi was a Boy and Other Stories\", followed by \"Patricia, the Baby Manatee\" (1995), \"Anastasia the Ant-Eater\" (1997) and \"The Dog Who Loved Flowers\". Janet Jagan Janet Rosenberg Jagan (October 20, 1920 – March 28, 2009) was the first female President of Guyana, serving from December 19, 1997, to August 11, 1999. She previously served as the first female Prime Minister of Guyana from March 17,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3748483", "score": "1.1056619", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Queen's College, Guyana", "text": "and two colonial governors. Austin House — Bishop William Piercy Austin (7 November 1807–9 November 1892) was the patriarch of Queen’s College, which was founded on 5 August 1844. He was Prelate of the Order of St Michael and St George, first Primate of the West Indies and Bishop of the Anglican Diocese of British Guiana and was personally responsible for the development of the College. Cunningham House — John Henry Dacres Cunningham, Admiral of the Fleet (13 April 1885–13 December 1962), was one of the college’s most distinguished alumni. He was born in Demerara, British Guiana, entered Queen’s College", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6595278", "score": "1.1042316", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Stephen Campbell", "text": "on 9 February 1928. On September 10, 1957, Campbell became the first Amerindian Member of Parliament in Guyanese history, when he was elected onto the Legislative Council of British Guiana. He subsequently joined the National Labour Front. Campbell died on 12 May 1966, just two weeks before Guyana won Independence from Great Britain. Campbell is widely regarded as a hero by Amerindian communities in Guyana, and his achievements are celebrated on September 10 every year as a part of Amerindian Heritage Month. Stephen Campbell Stephen Campbell was an Arawakan Guyanese politician and political activist, and the first Amerindian Member of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16637881", "score": "1.1035439", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Guyana", "text": "In the General Elections held on 28 November 2011, the People's Progressive Party (PPP) retained a majority, and their presidential candidate Donald Ramotar was elected as President. On 11 May 2015, early general elections were held, resulting in a victory for A Partnership for National Unity-Alliance for Change (APNU-AFC) Coalition party. APNU-AFC, a multi-ethnic, multi-party coalition, won a majority, 33 of 65 seats in the National Assembly. On 16 May 2015, retired army general David A. Granger became the eighth President of Guyana. Public procurement in Guyana is overseen by the Public Procurement Commission, appointed under the Public Procurement Commission", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11917009", "score": "1.0975342", "original_retrieval_index": 34 }, { "title": "The International University-Guyana", "text": "The International University-Guyana The International University-Guyana is a degree-granting institution and external center for a number of overseas higher learning institutions, based in Georgetown, Guyana. In 1994, Dr. Godfrey Sears, a dual doctoral degree holder in psychology and business management obtained permission from the government of Guyana to establish The International Institute of Professional Management and Engineering (IIPME). This institute was a center for Institute of Commercial Management UK programs, the International University-USA degree programs, University of Leicester and the Engineering Council of the United Kingdom programs. The center initially comprised two branches, one in New Amsterdam, Berbice, Guyana and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15651080", "score": "1.0967451", "original_retrieval_index": 35 } ]

[ "Uruguay" ]

[ { "title": "Claudia Leitte", "text": "World Cup. With more than 39 million followers on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter combined, she is one of the most powerful and popular female acts in Brazil and Latin America, having sold over 2 million records and being the recipient for many awards including a Latin Grammy and three World Music Awards nominations for 2014 alone. Aside from her musical career, since 2012 she also serves as coach and mentor on the Brazilian version of television show \"The Voice\" and its kids spinoff. Cláudia Cristina Leite Inácio was born in São Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro, to Ilna Leite and Cláudio", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11499929", "score": "1.0610248", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Fernando Fiore", "text": "was replaced by George Ortuzar. From 1995 to 1998, Fiore hosted the travel series \"Fuera de Serie\" alongside Sofia Vergara. Fiore was a long-time Univision personality, having formerly hosted its sports show \"Republica Deportiva\". In 2015, Fiore joined Fox Sports, primarily serving as an on-air host for the division's Spanish-language network Fox Deportes. Fiore has also appeared as a panellist for Fox's English-language soccer coverage, including the CONCACAF Cup and Copa America Centenario. During the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia, Fiore hosted \"FIFA World Cup Tonight\" along with Kate Abdo. Fernando Fiore Fernando Fiore (born July 9, 1960) is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8106308", "score": "1.0519717", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Seema Jaswal", "text": "Media Award at the Asian Football Awards 2017. Seema Jaswal Seema Jaswal (nee Pathan; born 28 January 1985) is a British television and radio presenter from West London. Jaswal hosts the Premier League’s worldwide coverage for Premier League Productions which includes flagship shows Kick Off and Fanzone. When the Premier League season ends, she presents Motorsport for Channel 4. Jaswal also reports on the BBC’s coverage of the World Snooker Championships and Channel 4’s BDO Darts. She is also the eSports host of Gfinity Elite Series FIFA18. Jaswal was part of ITV's World Cup 2018 coverage, presenting pre-game reports and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19066324", "score": "1.0451967", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Sebastián Eguren", "text": "competition. On 28 May 2008, after a five-year absence, he scored his first goal for the \"Charrúas\", netting in a 2–2 friendly with Norway in Oslo. Egurén was also selected for the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa, playing once for the semi-finalists (three minutes in the group stage 0–0 draw against France). Always as a substitute, he was then used regularly in the 2011 Copa América as nation won its 15th continental tournament. During most of his career in Europe, Eguren did not count as a foreign player, due to the fact he was married to a Swedish", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5556384", "score": "1.0382433", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Patrick Nally", "text": "marketing for the next 20 years,\", confirming Patrick Nally as \"in many respects, the man who made the World Cup what it is today\". While the world's largest sports tournament grew to signify a multi-billion dollar sponsorship proposition, Nally oversaw the InterSoccer program's evolution through the 1986 and 1990 competitions, held respectively in Mexico and Italy, before helping to establish a dedicated company to host the 1994 World Cup in the US. In 2009, Nally teamed with the organising committee of Japan's 2022 World Cup bid which, on 2 December 2010 in a ceremony in Zurich was finally awarded to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3003621", "score": "1.0214496", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "La Rosaleda Stadium", "text": "history, it has also hosted seven matches of the Spain national team and two friendly matches, one of those matches involving the Andalusia national team. In 2009, Andalusia became host of the Peace Cup, and Málaga was selected as a host city. La Rosaleda was host to four matches of the 2009 Peace Cup, including the semi-final between Porto and Aston Villa. The stadium hosted a party at European level for the first time in 1976 for a knockout stage match in the UEFA Champions League between Real Madrid and Club Brugge due to a penalty issued UEFA to Real", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6073449", "score": "1.0197", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Galvão Bueno", "text": "World Cup wins by Brazil. He has hosted the last five FIFA World Cups for Rede Globo. Bueno's style is flashy, pointed with superlative adjectives, and a passionate approach. His ardent and unilateral approach when hosting international events with the presence of a Brazilian team or Brazilian athletes has generated both sympathy and controversy. Critics highlight the large number of on-air mistakes committed by the host, added to a high degree of rudeness while off-camera. Some of his bloopers both on and off-camera have become internet phenomena in websites such as YouTube. In football events, he is usually supported by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6198645", "score": "1.0186255", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Seema Jaswal", "text": "world travelled to India to take part in the FIFA U-17 World Cup. The matches were played across 6 host cities in India from October 6 with the final on the 28th October in Kolkata. Seema’s role as presenter involved hosting all of the live matches from the studio in Mumbai for Sony Pictures Network India throughout the course of the tournament. Seema was accompanied by managers and players including David Moyes, Stuart Pearce and Luis García, as well as players past and present including Baichung Bhutia and Renedy Singh. Seema also presented the FIFA U17 World Cup live draw", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19066319", "score": "1.0173624", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Estádio Beira-Rio", "text": "that makes it fit to host matches during the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil. Internacional has a project of restoration and improvement of Beira-Rio complex named 'Gigante Para Sempre' (Giant Forever). The stadium has been adapted to an international standard, ready to host any national or international game. Beira-Rio is one of the only 2014 FIFA World Cup stadiums to be privately owned. Estádio Beira-Rio Estádio José Pinheiro Borda, better known as Estádio Beira-Rio (, \"Riverside Stadium\") due to its location beside the Guaíba River, is a football stadium in Porto Alegre, Brazil. It serves as the home stadium", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5766776", "score": "1.0158963", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "1930 FIFA World Cup", "text": "Argentina, Uruguay, the United States and Yugoslavia each won their respective groups to qualify for the semi-finals. In the final, hosts and pre-tournament favourites Uruguay defeated Argentina 4–2 in front of a crowd of 68,346 people, and became the first nation to win the World Cup.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Karin Ontiveros", "text": "which airs weekday mornings on ESPN Latin America. Ontiveros hosted the afternoon edition of ESPN's popular show \"Fútbol Picante\" which airs on both ESPN Deportes and ESPN Latin America weekday afternoons. Ontiveros did a sports news brief called \"SportCenter Ahora\" multiple times a day, the segments air between shows and during shows like \"Raza Deportiva\" and \"Jorge Ramos y su Banda\". Ontiveros occasionally filled in for Kary Correa as host on the show \"Los Capitanes\" which is also hosted by José Ramón Fernández. Ontiveros covered events such as the Summer X Games, the 2013 Abierto Mexicano, Super Bowl XLVIII, the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14947068", "score": "1.0150932", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "David Basheer", "text": "he called the Australian matches and hosted the Socceroos daily show and the World Cup today show. David was formerly a host and commentator with ESPN Star Sports in Asia hosting and commentating UEFA Champions League, La Liga and Formula 1 as well as hosting the World Cup today show for the 2002 World Cup in Korea and Japan. He was also a commentator for the ABC in the SANFL Australian rules football competition in the early 90's. David also has extensive commentary experience covering major international events including 5 Olympic Games, 4 Commonwealth Games, Tour de France, World Championships", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11270107", "score": "1.0133057", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Jens Zimmermann (host)", "text": "well as in English languages. His professional career includes sport world's top competitions like Olympic Games, Four Hills Tournament in Oberstdorf, Nordic Ski World Championships, Handball World Championships 2007, Mercedes-Benz Junior Football Cup (annually since 2001) and more than 60 handball games of German League. Jens Zimmermann (host) Jens Oliver Zimmermann (born 6 August 1972 in Freudenstadt, Germany) is a German sport announcer, moderator and athletes manager. He had started his career as a press speaker of popular German football team Stuttgarter Kickers. Nowadays he executes announcing of sport competitions in Germany as well as abroad. Jens Zimmermann is the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18552449", "score": "1.0100169", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Inaki Basauri", "text": "2011 Rugby World Cup squads. Inaki Basauri Inaki Basauri (born 1 October 1984 in Monterrey, Mexico) is a Mexican-born American rugby union player who currently plays for in Fédérale 2. Basauri first started playing rugby when he was 15 and was invited to a practice by his friend. Inaki graduated from Walt Whitman High School in 2002. Throughout High School, he played sevens rugby with the Maryland Exiles in the summer and varsity football in the fall. He played for the U-19 National Team at age 16 and vice-captained the USA U-19 Tour to France for the World Championships. After", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12743558", "score": "1.0098418", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Estadio Mundialista Luciana Aymar", "text": "time to host the Final of the 2014–15 FIH Hockey World League. Before the final match started, it was officially confirmed by the municipal authorities the name change with the unveiling of a plaque. Estadio Mundialista Luciana Aymar Estadio Mundialista Luciana Aymar (named \"Estadio Mundialista de Hockey\" before December 2015), is a field hockey stadium in Rosario, Argentina. It was specifically built to host the 2010 Women's Hockey World Cup, with a capacity of 12,000 with mobile grandstands. After it was announced the stadium would be the venue for the 2012 Women's Hockey Champions Trophy, a permanent grandstand was built", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16861218", "score": "1.0076855", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Dhaka", "text": "6 matches of the tournament including two quarter-final matches. Dhaka has also hosted the South Asian Games three times, in 1985, 1993 and 2010. Dhaka is the first city to host the games three times. The Bangabandhu National Stadium was the main venue for all three editions. Dhaka also hosted the ICC World Twenty20, along with Chittagong and Sylhet, in 2014. The National Sports Council, responsible for promoting sports activities across the nation, is based in Dhaka. Dhaka also has stadiums largely used for domestic events such as the Bangladesh Army Stadium, the Bir Sherestha Shaheed Shipahi Mostafa Kamal Stadium,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "670928", "score": "1.0058353", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Shonali Nagrani", "text": "brands in ESPN and Star Cricket, and began by hosting a cricket based show called \"Stumped\", which again showed highlights of 2009 ICC World Twenty20 alongside Wasim Akram. In 2010, she hosted another T20 World Cup analysing program with co-presenters Cyrus Broacha and Wasim Akram, which aired on ESPN-Star Sports. After successful work for ESPN and other networks, she was signed by ITV in 2011 to co-host their coverage of the IPL, alongside Matt Smith, where she acts as an analyst and presenter alongside studio guests. Since then, she has made her foray into UK television, and has hosted the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11991760", "score": "1.0032752", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "2012–13 UCI Track Cycling World Cup", "text": "of the World Cup was hosted in Cali, the third most populated city in Colombia. Cali has hosted the World Cup on twelve occasions. This round was hosted between 11–13 October 2012 at the Unidad Deportiva Alberto Galindo Velodrome. The second round of the World Cup was hosted in Glasgow, the largest city in Scotland. This round was hosted between 16–18 November 2012 at the Sir Chris Hoy Velodrome. The World Cup was the first major competition to be held at the Sir Chris Hoy Velodrome, which was built for the 2014 Commonwealth Games and officially opened on 5 October", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16731294", "score": "1.0026542", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Tommy Engstrand", "text": "The event became known as \"\"Den svarta onsdagen\"\" in Sweden (\"The black Wednesday\"). Tommy Engstrand Tommy Engstrand (born 30 September 1939) is a former Swedish sports commentator, but he has also hosted a few other television shows of general entertainment style, like \"Razzel\" and \"Zick-Zack\". He commentated the FIFA World Cup 1978 final between Argentina and the Netherlands (3-1 after extra-time) for the only Swedish television company at that time, \"Sveriges Radio\". He and Björn Borg has become personal friends Within sports, his radio commentary of the last minutes of the World-Cup qualifier between West Germany and Portugal at 16.October", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20565523", "score": "0.99963343", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "FIFA World Cup hosts", "text": "Cup had more than one host, being split between Japan and South Korea. Upon the selection of Canada–Mexico–United States bid for the 2026 FIFA World Cup, the tournament will be the first to be hosted by more than two countries. Mexico becomes the first country to host three men's World Cups and its Estadio Azteca, should it be selected, will become the first stadium to stage three World Cup tournaments. Except 1934, host nations are granted an automatic spot in the World Cup group stages. The first host ever to fail to advance past the first round was South Africa", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7584316", "score": "0.9971025", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Bangabandhu National Stadium", "text": "full-strength Argentina and Nigeria teams, featuring Lionel Messi, Sergio Agüero, Javier Mascherano and John Obi Mikel among the other star players of both nations. Argentina won 3–1 with goals from then-Real Madrid teammates Gonzalo Higuaín and Ángel Di María, and an own goal from Nigeria's Elderson Echiéjilé with Chinedu Obasi scoring Nigeria's lone goal. Bangladeshi referee Tayeb Shamsuzzaman officiated the game, which drew 25,000 spectators despite ticket prices starting at US$100. The Bangabandhu National Stadium in Dhaka is the only venue in the world to have hosted an inaugural home fixture for two Test nations. India were the visitors on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6881572", "score": "0.99612856", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Enugu", "text": "war's end the stadium was refurbished. Enugu was a host for the 2009 FIFA U-17 World Cup games (24 October – 15 November) alongside Calabar and five other Nigerian cities with matches taking place at the Nnamdi Azikiwe Stadium. Its hosting of the FIFA U-17 World Cup benefited Enugu through the renovation of the Nnamdi Azikiwe Stadium, having had such things as a new artificial surface laid. Nicknamed the \"Coal City\", Enugu's economy in the early 20th century depended on coal mining in the Udi plateau; this industry was the pushing force towards the city's growth. The Nigerian Coal Corporation", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2978848", "score": "0.9960439", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Rugby League World Cup hosts", "text": "Rugby League World Cup hosts Seven countries have hosted and co-hosted the Rugby League World Cup. England, France, Australia and New Zealand have hosted the World Cup on multiple occasions and the tournament has never been played outside its traditional 'heartlands' in these areas. The Rugby League International Federation is responsible for picking hosts. From 1954 to 2008 World Cups were sporadic and hosts were picked and tournaments were arranged between the four traditional rugby league playing countries and the RLIF. From 2013 and beyond countries have to send an application to the RLIF to host the World Cup as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18858965", "score": "0.99584085", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "FIFA World Cup", "text": "future boycotts or controversy, FIFA began a pattern of alternating the hosts between the Americas and Europe, which continued until the 1998 FIFA World Cup. The 2002 FIFA World Cup, hosted jointly by South Korea and Japan, was the first one held in Asia, and the first tournament with multiple hosts. South Africa became the first African nation to host the World Cup in 2010. The 2014 FIFA World Cup was hosted by Brazil, the first held in South America since Argentina 1978, and was the first occasion where consecutive World Cups were held outside Europe. The host country is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "145469", "score": "0.99540955", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Nicolae Ungureanu", "text": "Euro 1984. European Cups (71 matches - 1 goal) Nicolae Ungureanu Nicolae Ungureanu (born 11 October 1956) is a retired Romanian football defender. He was born in Craiova and debuted in Divizia A with Universitatea Craiova in 1977. He spent ten seasons with Universitatea, winning the league titles in 1980 and 1981. In 1987, he was transferred to Steaua Bucureşti, where he helped win the league in 1988 and 1989. His last Divizia A match came for Rapid Bucureşti in 1993. The game ended in a 0-5 loss against Universitatea Craiova. Ungureanu got 57 caps and scored 1 goal for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7946454", "score": "0.99510574", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Terry Gannon", "text": "for ABC Sports' coverage of the 2002 FIFA World Cup and has hosted WTA Professional Tennis. Gannon has hosted the Tour de France three times, the Indianapolis 500 and Belmont Stakes once, and three times called the play-by-play at the Little League World Series. By the time he left in 2010, his main tasks were play-by-play coverage for the NBA and WNBA as well as tower announcer and host for golf. On \"ABC's Wide World of Sports\", Gannon has covered alpine skiing, ski jumping, supercross motorcycle racing, beach volleyball, mountain biking, the Special Olympics, the Goodwill Games, and the Tournament", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5988809", "score": "0.99492836", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Benito Archundia", "text": "the most matches officiated in a single World Cup (5 in 2006). The only others who have achieved this feat are Horacio Elizondo in 2006, and Ravshan Irmatov in 2010. In addition, he has supervised the final of the FIFA Club World Cup twice, in 2005 and 2009. He originally planned to retire at the end of the 2010 FIFA World Cup, but decided to continue for at least another year. He was the referee in the grand opening of the Estadio Omnilife, which featured Guadalajara vs Manchester United. In addition to working as a professional referee, Archundia is a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8040859", "score": "0.99354446", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Carolina Padrón", "text": "Marca\". In 2013, Padrón along with her fellow \"SportsCenter\" anchors Álvaro Morales and Jorge Eduardo Sánchez appeared in a This is \"SportsCenter\" commercial with Rafael Nadal which aired both in English and Spanish. Padrón has her own blog called \"La Chica del Banquillo\". Carolina Padrón Carolina Desireé José Padrón Ríos (born March 20, 1983) is a Venezuelan sportscaster, journalist and television host currently working for ESPN Deportes and ESPN Mexico. Padrón is the co-anchor of ESPN's Spanish version of \"SportsCenter\" and also has covered sporting events such as the FIFA World Cup and the Summer Olympics. Padrón has a degree", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18617040", "score": "0.9923682", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "2009 Peace Cup", "text": "tournaments, the others being the Emirates Cup, the Barclays Asia Trophy, the World Football Challenge, the Wembley Cup, the Amsterdam Tournament and the Audi Cup. After the previous three tournaments were held in South Korea, the Peace Cup Committee decided that the tournament would be hosted by another country. In 2007, the Peace Cup organizers were connected with Sports Ministry of Andalucia and Andalucia Football Federation, after the discussion with the Autonomous Community of Andalucia, they suggested the cities of Seville, Málaga, Huelva and Jerez to host the 2009 Peace Cup. On 19 December 2007, it was announced in a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13557970", "score": "0.9912447", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Fatorda Stadium", "text": "stadiums to host the 2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup matches in India. Even though the stadium was originally built to be a football venue, over the past few years it has been increasingly used to host international cricket matches. Since hosting its first ever international in 1989 between Australia and Sri Lanka, it has played host to seven further One Day Internationals, the most recent being between India and Sri Lanka in 2007. The allocation of cricket matches to the stadium has often upset the Goan football community as it renders them unable to use the venue for hosting football.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7660574", "score": "0.9899304", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "Bohrium", "bohrium" ]

[ { "title": "Tennessine", "text": "Many scientists in the field called it \"element 117\", with the symbol \"E117\", \"(117)\", or \"117\". According to guidelines of IUPAC valid at the moment of the discovery approval, the permanent names of new elements should have ended in \"-ium\"; this included element 117, even if the element was a halogen, which traditionally have names ending in \"-ine\"; however, the new recommendations published in 2016 recommended using the \"-ine\" ending for all new group 17 elements. The IUPAC guidelines specify that the discovery team has naming rights for the element. After the original synthesis in 2010, Dawn Shaughnessy of LLNL", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "767935", "score": "1.1465527", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Moscovium", "text": "nomenclature for unnamed and undiscovered elements, moscovium is sometimes known as \"eka-bismuth\". In 1979 IUPAC recommended that the placeholder systematic element name \"ununpentium\" (with the corresponding symbol of \"Uup\") be used until the discovery of the element is confirmed and a permanent name is decided. Although widely used in the chemical community on all levels, from chemistry classrooms to advanced textbooks, the recommendations were mostly ignored among scientists in the field, who called it \"element 115\", with the symbol of \"E115\", \"(115)\" or even simply \"115\". On 30 December 2015, discovery of the element was recognized by the International Union", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "763877", "score": "1.1187782", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Ununennium", "text": "Ununennium Ununennium, also known as eka-francium or simply element 119, is the hypothetical chemical element with symbol Uue and atomic number 119. \"Ununennium\" and \"Uue\" are the temporary systematic IUPAC name and symbol respectively, until a permanent name is decided upon. In the periodic table of the elements, it is expected to be an s-block element, an alkali metal, and the first element in the eighth period. It is the lightest element that has not yet been synthesized. Experiments aimed at the synthesis of ununennium began in December 2017 at RIKEN in Japan; another attempt by the team at the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "763614", "score": "1.1125811", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Livermorium", "text": "nuclide produced was missed, and the assignment to Lv is still uncertain though plausible. Using Mendeleev's nomenclature for unnamed and undiscovered elements, livermorium is sometimes called \"eka-polonium\". In 1979 IUPAC recommended that the placeholder systematic element name \"ununhexium\" (\"Uuh\") be used until the discovery of the element was confirmed and a name was decided. Although widely used in the chemical community on all levels, from chemistry classrooms to advanced textbooks, the recommendations were mostly ignored among scientists in the field, who called it \"element 116\", with the symbol of \"E116\", \"(116)\", or even simply \"116\". According to IUPAC recommendations, the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "722615", "score": "1.0953324", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Roentgenium", "text": "element. Using Mendeleev's nomenclature for unnamed and undiscovered elements, roentgenium should be known as \"eka-gold\". In 1979, IUPAC published recommendations according to which the element was to be called \"unununium\" (with the corresponding symbol of \"Uuu\"), a systematic element name as a placeholder, until the element was discovered (and the discovery then confirmed) and a permanent name was decided on. Although widely used in the chemical community on all levels, from chemistry classrooms to advanced textbooks, the recommendations were mostly ignored among scientists in the field, who called it \"element 111\", with the symbol of \"E111\", \"(111)\" or even simply", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "703803", "score": "1.0930213", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Ununennium", "text": "ones in the world where long beam times are accessible for reactions with such low predicted cross-sections. Using Mendeleev's nomenclature for unnamed and undiscovered elements, ununennium should be known as \"eka-francium\". Using the 1979 IUPAC recommendations, the element should be temporarily called \"ununennium\" (symbol \"Uue\") until it is discovered, the discovery is confirmed, and a permanent name chosen. Although widely used in the chemical community on all levels, from chemistry classrooms to advanced textbooks, the recommendations are mostly ignored among scientists who work theoretically or experimentally on superheavy elements, who call it \"element 119\", with the symbol \"E119\", \"(119)\" or", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "763627", "score": "1.092506", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Naming of chemical elements", "text": "these elements by their atomic number, for example \"element 119\" (instead of \"ununennium\"), with the symbol of \"(119)\" or even simply \"119\". Since 2002, the IUPAC Inorganic Chemistry Division has been the official body responsible with assigning official names to new elements, with the IUPAC Council making the final decision. Once an element has been named, a one-, or two-letter symbol must be ascribed to it so it can be easily referred to in such contexts as the periodic table. The first letter is always capitalised. While the symbol is often a contraction of the element's name, it may sometimes", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17922935", "score": "1.0675094", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Ununennium", "text": "alkali metals: this information would be very useful for future chemistry experiments on ununennium. The Δ\"H\" and −Δ\"H\" values are not proportionally related for the alkali metals, as they change in opposite directions as atomic number increases. Ununennium Ununennium, also known as eka-francium or simply element 119, is the hypothetical chemical element with symbol Uue and atomic number 119. \"Ununennium\" and \"Uue\" are the temporary systematic IUPAC name and symbol respectively, until a permanent name is decided upon. In the periodic table of the elements, it is expected to be an s-block element, an alkali metal, and the first element", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "763645", "score": "1.0639032", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Tennessine", "text": "In June 2016, IUPAC published a declaration stating the discoverers had submitted their suggestions for naming the new elements 115, 117, and 118 to the IUPAC; the suggestion for the element 117 was \"tennessine\", with a symbol of \"Ts\", after \"the region of Tennessee\". The suggested names were recommended for acceptance by the IUPAC Inorganic Chemistry Division; formal acceptance was set to occur after a five-months term following publishing of the declaration expires. In November 2016, the names, including tennessine, were formally accepted. Concerns that the proposed symbol \"Ts\" may clash with a notation for the tosyl group used in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "767937", "score": "1.0612919", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Bohrium", "text": "Bohrium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Bh and atomic number 107. It is named after Danish physicist Niels Bohr. As a synthetic element, it can be created in a laboratory but is not found in nature. It is radioactive: its most stable known isotope, Bh, has a half-life of approximately 61 seconds, though the unconfirmed Bh may have a longer half-life of about 690 seconds.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Darmstadtium", "text": "unnamed and undiscovered elements, darmstadtium should be known as \"eka-platinum\". In 1979, IUPAC published recommendations according to which the element was to be called \"ununnilium\" (with the corresponding symbol of \"Uun\"), a systematic element name as a placeholder, until the element was discovered (and the discovery then confirmed) and a permanent name was decided on. Although widely used in the chemical community on all levels, from chemistry classrooms to advanced textbooks, the recommendations were mostly ignored among scientists in the field, who called it \"element 110\", with the symbol of \"E110\", \"(110)\" or even simply \"110\". In 1996, the Russian", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "499954", "score": "1.0597614", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Rutherfordium", "text": "suggested for element 106 and IUPAC felt that the Dubna team should be rightly recognized for their contributions. However, there was still a dispute over the names of elements 104–107. In 1997 the teams involved resolved the dispute and adopted the current name \"rutherfordium\". The name \"dubnium\" was given to element 105 at the same time. Rutherfordium has no stable or naturally occurring isotopes. Several radioactive isotopes have been synthesized in the laboratory, either by fusing two atoms or by observing the decay of heavier elements. Sixteen different isotopes have been reported with atomic masses from 253 to 270 (with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "350931", "score": "1.0562279", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Tennessine", "text": "chain, although it would be desirable to be able to directly measure the mass number of the originating nucleus of each chain as well as the excitation function of the Am+Ca reaction. Using Mendeleev's nomenclature for unnamed and undiscovered elements, element 117 should be known as \"eka-astatine\". Using the 1979 recommendations by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), the element was temporarily called \"ununseptium\" (symbol \"Uus\") until its discovery was confirmed and a permanent name chosen; the temporary name was formed from Latin roots \"one\", \"one\", and \"seven\", a reference to the element's atomic number of 117.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "767934", "score": "1.0519574", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Oganesson", "text": "for radon). In 1979, IUPAC assigned the systematic placeholder name \"ununoctium\" to the undiscovered element, with the corresponding symbol of \"Uuo\", and recommended that it be used until after confirmed discovery of the element. Although widely used in the chemical community on all levels, from chemistry classrooms to advanced textbooks, the recommendations were mostly ignored among scientists in the field, who called it \"element 118\", with the symbol of \"E118\", \"(118)\", or even simply \"118\". Before the retraction in 2002, the researchers from Berkeley had intended to name the element \"ghiorsium\" (\"Gh\"), after Albert Ghiorso (a leading member of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "722651", "score": "1.0509074", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Unbinilium", "text": "Unbinilium Unbinilium, also known as eka-radium or simply element 120, is the hypothetical chemical element in the periodic table with symbol Ubn and atomic number 120. \"Unbinilium\" and \"Ubn\" are the temporary systematic IUPAC name and symbol, until a permanent name is decided upon. In the periodic table of the elements, it is expected to be an s-block element, an alkaline earth metal, and the second element in the eighth period. It has attracted attention because of some predictions that it may be in the island of stability, although newer calculations expect the island to actually occur at a slightly", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "763578", "score": "1.0453283", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Seaborgium", "text": "against naming elements after living persons; the American Chemical Society stood firmly behind the name \"seaborgium\" for element 106, together with all the other American and German naming proposals for elements 104 to 109, approving these names for its journals in defiance of IUPAC. At first, IUPAC defended itself, with an American member of its committee writing: \"Discoverers don't have a right to name an element. They have a right to suggest a name. And, of course, we didn't infringe on that at all.\" However, Seaborg responded: Bowing to public pressure, IUPAC proposed a different compromise in August 1995, in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "376861", "score": "1.0435381", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Hassium", "text": "Also in 1984, a research team led by Peter Armbruster and Gottfried Münzenberg at the Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (GSI; \"Institute for Heavy Ion Research\") in Darmstadt, Hesse, West Germany, attempted to create element 108. The team bombarded a target of lead with accelerated nuclei of iron. They reported synthesis of 3 atoms of 108. In 1985, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) formed a Joint Working Party (JWP) to assess discoveries and establish final names for the elements with atomic number greater than 100. The party held", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "173955", "score": "1.0376251", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Flerovium", "text": "Using Mendeleev's nomenclature for unnamed and undiscovered elements, flerovium is sometimes called \"eka-lead\". In 1979, IUPAC published recommendations according to which the element was to be called \"ununquadium\" (with the corresponding symbol of \"Uuq\"), a systematic element name as a placeholder, until the discovery of the element is confirmed and a permanent name is decided on. Most scientists in the field called it \"element 114\", with the symbol of \"E114\", \"(114)\" or \"114\". According to IUPAC recommendations, the discoverer(s) of a new element has the right to suggest a name. After the discovery of flerovium and livermorium was recognized by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "831651", "score": "1.0366786", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Meitnerium", "text": "widely used in the chemical community on all levels, from chemistry classrooms to advanced textbooks, the recommendations were mostly ignored among scientists in the field, who either called it \"element 109\", with the symbol of \"E109\", \"(109)\" or even simply \"109\", or used the proposed name \"meitnerium\". The naming of meitnerium was discussed in the element naming controversy regarding the names of elements 104 to 109, but \"meitnerium\" was the only proposal and thus was never disputed. The name \"meitnerium\" (Mt) was suggested by the GSI team in September 1992 in honor of the Austrian physicist Lise Meitner, a co-discoverer", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "269114", "score": "1.0335904", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Dubnium", "text": "JINR's efforts by suggesting the name \"nielsbohrium\" for the new element. JINR did not suggest a new name for element 105, stating it was more important to determine its discoverers first. In 1985, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) formed a Joint Working Party (JWP) to assess discoveries and establish final names for the controversial elements. The party held meetings with delegates from the three competing institutes; in 1990, they established criteria on recognition of an element, and in 1991, they finished the work on assessing discoveries", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "104273", "score": "1.0330625", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Copernicium", "text": "and undiscovered elements, copernicium should be known as \"eka-mercury\". In 1979, IUPAC published recommendations according to which the element was to be called \"ununbium\" (with the corresponding symbol of \"Uub\"), a systematic element name as a placeholder, until the element was discovered (and the discovery then confirmed) and a permanent name was decided on. Although widely used in the chemical community on all levels, from chemistry classrooms to advanced textbooks, the recommendations were mostly ignored among scientists in the field, who either called it \"element 112\", with the symbol of \"E112\", \"(112)\", or even simply \"112\". After acknowledging the GSI", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "771568", "score": "1.02933", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Seaborgium", "text": "at the time. Thus, in September 1994, IUPAC recommended a set of names in which the names proposed by the three laboratories (the third being the GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research in Darmstadt, Germany) with competing claims to the discovery for elements 104 to 109 were shifted to various other elements, in which \"rutherfordium\" (Rf), the Berkeley proposal for element 104, was shifted to element 106, with \"seaborgium\" being dropped entirely as a name. This decision ignited a firestorm of worldwide protest for disregarding the historic discoverer's right to name new elements, and against the new retroactive rule", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "376860", "score": "1.027812", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Flerovium", "text": "a gas at standard conditions. The longer-lived flerovium isotope Fl has been considered of interest for future radiochemical studies. Flerovium Flerovium is a superheavy artificial chemical element with symbol Fl and atomic number 114. It is an extremely radioactive synthetic element. The element is named after the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia, where the element was discovered in 1998. The name of the laboratory, in turn, honours the Russian physicist Georgy Flyorov ( in Cyrillic, hence the transliteration of \"yo\" to \"e\"). The name was adopted by IUPAC on 30", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "831687", "score": "1.0268884", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Unbiunium", "text": "Unbiunium Unbiunium, also known as eka-actinium or simply element 121, is the hypothetical chemical element with symbol Ubu and atomic number 121. \"Unbiunium\" and \"Ubu\" are the temporary systematic IUPAC name and symbol respectively, until a permanent name is decided upon. In the periodic table of the elements, it is expected to be the first of the superactinides, and the third element in the eighth period: analogously to lanthanum and actinium, it could be considered the fifth member of group 3 and the first member of the fifth-row transition metals. It has attracted attention because of some predictions that it", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19422432", "score": "1.0266194", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Hassium", "text": "either called it \"element 108\", with the symbol of \"E108\", \"(108)\", or even simply \"108\", or used the proposed name \"hassium\". The name \"hassium\" was proposed by Peter Armbruster and his colleagues, the officially recognised German discoverers, in September 1992. It is derived from the Latin name \"Hassia\" for the German state of Hesse where the institute is located. In 1994, IUPAC Commission on Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry recommended that element 108 be named \"hahnium\" (Hn) after the German physicist Otto Hahn so that elements named after Hahn and Lise Meitner (meitnerium) would be next to each other, honoring their", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "173958", "score": "1.0210094", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Naming of chemical elements", "text": "the 1970s (when the elements were discovered) to the 1990s, when the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) created a tentative list of the element names for elements 104 to 109. The Americans, however, refused to agree with these names because seaborgium was not in the list. Thus, IUPAC reconsidered, and in 1996 named element 105 dubnium and element 106 seaborgium. When a pure element, comprising only one type of atom, nevertheless exists in multiple forms (allotropes) with different structure and properties, they are generally given different names; for example graphite and diamond are both forms of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17922937", "score": "1.0165355", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Lawrencium", "text": "broad one reported by the Berkeley team. A possible explanation was that there was a low number of events attributed to element 103. This was an important intermediate step to the unquestioned discovery of element 103, although the evidence was not completely convincing. The Berkeley team proposed the name \"lawrencium\" with symbol \"Lw\", after Ernest Orlando Lawrence, inventor of the cyclotron. The IUPAC Commission on Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry accepted the name, but changed the symbol to \"Lr\". This acceptance of the discovery was later characterized as being hasty by the Dubna team. The first work at Dubna on element", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "233848", "score": "1.015227", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Unbibium", "text": "unbibium; this and other calculated ionization energies are lower than the analogous values for thorium, suggesting that the trend of increasing reactivity down the group may indeed continue. Unbibium Unbibium, also known as element 122 or eka-thorium, is the hypothetical chemical element in the periodic table with the placeholder symbol of Ubb and atomic number 122. \"Unbibium\" and \"Ubb\" are the temporary systematic IUPAC name and symbol respectively, until the element is discovered, confirmed, and a permanent name is decided upon. In the periodic table of the elements, it is expected to follow unbiunium as the second element of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4217203", "score": "1.0126542", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Flerovium", "text": "Flerovium Flerovium is a superheavy artificial chemical element with symbol Fl and atomic number 114. It is an extremely radioactive synthetic element. The element is named after the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia, where the element was discovered in 1998. The name of the laboratory, in turn, honours the Russian physicist Georgy Flyorov ( in Cyrillic, hence the transliteration of \"yo\" to \"e\"). The name was adopted by IUPAC on 30 May 2012. In the periodic table of the elements, it is a transactinide element in the p-block. It is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "831634", "score": "1.0090683", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Nihonium", "text": "a journal article rebutting these criticisms against the congruence of their data on elements 113, 115, and 117 in June 2017. Using Mendeleev's nomenclature for unnamed and undiscovered elements, nihonium should be known as \"eka-thallium\". In 1979, IUPAC published recommendations according to which the element was to be called \"ununtrium\" (with the corresponding symbol of \"Uut\"), a systematic element name as a placeholder, until the discovery of the element is confirmed and a name is decided on. The recommendations were widely used in the chemical community on all levels, from chemistry classrooms to advanced textbooks, but were mostly ignored among", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "831721", "score": "1.008884", "original_retrieval_index": 29 } ]

[ "Kobol's Last Gleaming" ]

[ { "title": "Someone to Watch Over Me (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "for treason for siding with Cavil. They seek the death penalty; now that there is no Cylon resurrection available anymore, death would be permanent. Boomer tricks Galen Tyrol into helping her to leave the \"Galactica\" by claiming that she still sees a future for them together. Through Cylon mental projection, she shows Tyrol a home she has \"constructed\" for them both, including their child. She beats Sharon \"Athena\" Agathon and ties her up, putting her in a closet, just before Karl \"Helo\" Agathon walks in on them. She has sex with him, while the tied up Athena watches through an", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12916560", "score": "1.2212229", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Deadlock (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "as Boomer to Admiral Adama. Upon learning that Boomer is the pilot, Adama has her locked in the ship's brig. Ellen and Saul reunite and, after making love, go together to visit Sam Anders, who is still comatose. Tory Foster, Galen Tyrol, a Six and an Eight are also by Anders' bedside. The Cylons propose that since Ellen has returned, they should leave the human fleet, especially since Caprica Six is pregnant with Saul's fully-Cylon child and they no longer need humans in order to reproduce. Ellen did not know about Caprica Six being pregnant, and is angry at Saul", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12916538", "score": "1.2104933", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Six Degrees of Separation (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "being investigated, Chief Tyrol struggles to figure out Starbuck's captured Cylon Raider. While trying to help Tyrol, Boomer shows a disturbing affection for the Raider and later finds the word Cylon written on her mirror, panicking Boomer further due to her growing suspicions that she is a Cylon. Starbuck, after resisting physical therapy for her injured knee, is motivated to help Tyrol by a visit from Colonel Tigh and is able to once more get the Raider operating. In the end, Roslin, who had a brief health scare due to overdosing on her cancer medication, publicly exonerates Baltar while exposing", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7403100", "score": "1.2089993", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Bastille Day (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "her up with Adama, causing Starbuck to attempt to reach out to him by sharing some of the newly mined water. Tigh rejects the gesture however. Boomer continues to be nervous about the potential of her being a Cylon sleeper agent. Tyrol reassures Boomer that the master-at-arms investigation into the bombing has turned up no clues pointing towards Boomer as the bomber. Catching the two in an embrace, Colonel Tigh privately tells Boomer that the entire ship knows about their relationship which is against military regulations. However, while it was ignored while \"Galactica\" was in the process of being decommissioned,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7406206", "score": "1.1998485", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Islanded in a Stream of Stars", "text": "to project the dwelling in Boomer's imagination. This is a welcome surprise for Boomer as she knew not whether Hera, who is half Cylon and half human, possessed this ability. Boomer arrives at The Colony with Hera and delivers her to Cavil. Hera becomes upset when she is handed over, and Boomer also seems reluctant to give her up. Gaius Baltar meets Kara Thrace in one of the ship's heads, where Kara tells him that she discovered her own body on Earth and asks him to analyze her dog tags. Baltar finds that blood on the tag matches Starbuck's DNA.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13017330", "score": "1.1979971", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Flesh and Bone (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "saved his life on Caprica and that Helo gave up his seat for Baltar, he agrees to use Boomer as a Beta test, learning in the process that Boomer's entire family is dead in a mining accident that destroyed her whole colony. Baltar's Cylon detector reveals that Boomer is indeed a Cylon, but Baltar's internal Six warns him that Boomer is likely unaware of her true nature and her Cylon side will kill him to keep the secret. As a result, Baltar lies to Boomer that she's a human. On the \"Gemenon Traveler\", Starbuck interrogates Leoben who recognizes Starbuck by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7403105", "score": "1.1895136", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Escape Velocity (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "that the one who he really loved was Boomer, but she turned out to be a Cylon. Adama insists he heard enough from the Chief and tells him to end his outburst, but Tyrol turns his tirade against Adama himself and the \"Galactica\". Adama dismissed Tyrol from Deck Crew Chief of \"Galactica\" with rank demotion to Specialist, then commands him to appear for a duty reassignment the following morning. He leaves a despondent Chief behind at the bar. Later, Roslin visits Baltar in the brig where she tells him that she doesn't have long to live and warns that her", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11610768", "score": "1.1847482", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Water (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "system for water. While Crashdown comes up with nothing, Boomer's scans reveal water on the moon they are investigating. However, the last detonator is attached to an explosive on the side of Boomer's seat and Boomer's Cylon programming attempts to compel her to detonate the bomb rather than reveal the existence of the water. Boomer manages to overcome her programming and announces the finding of a source of water. Back in the fleet, Boomer and Crashdown are greeted as heroes for their success. Boomer discreetly alerts Tyrol of the bomb in her Raptor and he removes it and gives it", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7406175", "score": "1.1826684", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Galen Tyrol", "text": "identifies her as Boomer to Adama who promptly orders her thrown in the brig. Tyrol is reluctant to visit her initially but he is later shown looking at her through the glass pane of her cell as she sleeps. In \"Someone to Watch Over Me\", he visits her again and Boomer shows him the life they could have had, using Cylon \"projection\", they had planned for before the war had started, including a 'daughter'. Galen attempts to dissuade Roslin from handing over Boomer to the Cylons for a trial, afraid that they will kill her. However, Roslin refuses his request.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6373359", "score": "1.1814026", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "In the episode \"Kobol's Last Gleaming\", Commander Adama sends Boomer on a mission to destroy the basestar orbiting Kobol. On the basestar, she encounters numerous other Number Eight copies identical to herself but she refuses to accept she is a Cylon and personally sets the bomb. After returning to Galactica, her hidden programming takes over and she shoots Commander Adama twice in the chest, putting him in a coma. She is put in the brig and violently interrogated by Colonel Tigh, who has taken command of Galactica during Adama's incapacity. Tyrol is also suspected of being a Cylon because of", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Water (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "on Caprica and intend to search for them. Water (Battlestar Galactica) \"Water\" is the second episode of season 1 of the re-imagined \"Battlestar Galactica\" television series. Boomer wakes up in the tool room of the \"Galactica\" hanger deck, soaking wet. Inside of her bag she finds a G-4 explosive and a towel. Upon emerging from the tool room, Boomer learns from Cally that its early morning, not evening as she believes. Returning the detonator to the arms locker, Boomer finds out that six others are missing and becomes panicked. At the same time President Laura Roslin makes a ceremonial visit", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7406178", "score": "1.1753155", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "weakness. Cavil enlists Boomer's support when the Cylon models become deadlocked in a vote over whether the Raiders should be lobotomized. Boomer also follows Cavil in his plan to destroy the opposing Cylons despite her doubts. Boomer is the only other Cylon who knows that their creator, Ellen Tigh, is being held prisoner by Cavil. When Cavil threatens to cut open Ellen's brain in order to access her knowledge about Resurrection technology, Boomer helps Ellen escape, but is immediately imprisoned after disembarking on the \"Galactica\". She escapes with the help of Tyrol, who is motivated by sentimentality. While fleeing the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6165312", "score": "1.1720178", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Cylon (reimagining)", "text": "killed on New Caprica. Her resurrection restored her true memories, although her only company was Cavil and Boomer, whom he'd let in on the secret. After Cavil planned to dissect her brain to try to regain resurrection technology, Boomer helped Ellen escape to the fleet as part of a plan to kidnap Hera so the Cylons could study her. \"Galactica\" and some of the rebel Cylons assaulted the Cylon space station that was the Cylon homeworld, to rescue Hera while the Rebel Basestar protected the fleet. During the battle, Boomer, who had begun to feel remorse for kidnapping Hera, killed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9047318", "score": "1.1692501", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Battlestar Galactica: The Plan", "text": "facilities. As she tries to implement her plan, Boomer becomes increasingly distraught because she has fallen in love with Chief Galen Tyrol (Aaron Douglas). Cavil becomes angry when the Number Five known as Aaron Doral is exposed as a Cylon, and demands that he attempt to kill Commander Adama. The Number Two, meanwhile, listens in on Colonial Fleet communications, and becomes convinced that Kara \"Starbuck\" Thrace (Katee Sackhoff) holds some special purpose for the humanoid Cylons. He begins to paint the nebula depicted in Season Three episodes. Cavil, realizing that the Number Two known as Leoben Conoy has had his", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12851205", "score": "1.1650039", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "The Farm (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "the stolen Heavy Raider with Boomer and Helo to return to the human fleet. Commander Adama returns to command and orders a ship-by-ship search for Roslin and Lee \"Apollo\" Adama, who are still on the run. After Apollo finds himself unable to go through with Tom Zarek's suggestion that he denounce his father publicly, Roslin sends a message to the fleet asking anyone who believes in the prophecies to follow her to Kobol. Commander Adama dismisses the message as \"religious crap\" and is astonished when almost a third of the fleet follows her. Chief Galen Tyrol says \"Galactica\"-Boomer was just", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7403347", "score": "1.1602728", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Precipice (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "Jammer attempts to get her released by Boomer, but Boomer is unable to help. After another suicide bombing at a power station, the Cylons decide to have the prisoners executed, but require President Gaius Baltar's (James Callis) signature. When he refuses to sign, an Aaron Doral (Matthew Bennett) copy forces him to at gunpoint. Caprica-Six (Tricia Helfer) attempts to stop him, but Doral shoots her in the head. Baltar signs the document. Meanwhile, Ellen Tigh (Kate Vernon) learns from Cavil (Dean Stockwell) that he only released her husband Saul (Michael Hogan) because the Cylons know he is leading the resistance.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8895262", "score": "1.1531926", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Cylon (reimagining)", "text": "virus to wipe out the Cylons was defeated when Helo, repulsed by the strategy, had the captive Cylons killed while out of range of a resurrection ship. Meanwhile, Boomer turned increasingly anti-human. She was charged with Hera's care, but Hera rejected her. During a truce negotiation, Boomer told Athena that her daughter was alive but sick on the Baseship. She invited Athena to come to the Baseship and rejoin her people, because the occupation showed that humans and Cylons were incompatible and that humans would never truly accept her. Later, desperate for her child, Athena convinced Helo to kill her", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9047310", "score": "1.1514648", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Galen Tyrol", "text": "Galen then knocks out another Number Eight and switches her with Boomer in the brig, while Boomer knocks out Athena. He helps Boomer escape pretending to be Athena. To his horror, Boomer has tricked him and kidnapped Hera Agathon. During the series finale, Tyrol is among the volunteers who join Adama's rescue mission. While he and the rest of the Final Five are downloading the secrets of resurrection to the Cylons, their minds temporarily combine and Tyrol discovers Tory Foster was responsible for Cally's death. He breaks the download and kills Tory in anger, but is later forgiven, as Tigh", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6373360", "score": "1.1471949", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Number Six (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "act as the cyclon leader she requests that Roslin and Adama hand over Boomer in order to try her for treason against the Cylons. She is later seen at a meeting of the new Quorum of Ships' Captains, representing the rebel Basestar, as they discuss the impending transfer of Admiral William Adama's command from the aging Galactica to the Basestar. And in the series finale she is seen along with a two and an eight discussing their plan with Adama on how to populate the new Earth saying that they'll stay alongside the humans in their new home until their", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4249006", "score": "1.142597", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Tory Foster", "text": "way that Boomer did). This results in a change to her personality. After Downloaded Three is unboxed, now knowing the identities of the Final Five, and brought to Galactica, Foster stays true her earlier affinity for her Cylon side. Under the pretence of bringing Laura Roslin her medication, she flies to the Cylon basestar, where she is introduced to her fellow Cylons and tells Roslin and Baltar about her true nature. During the ensuing stand off between Three and Galactica over the remaining three Cylons, she helps Three's cause by informing her of Lee Adama's perceived weaknesses (Revelations). When the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9315780", "score": "1.1408569", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Rapture (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "part of her life is over. Athena decides Hera needs a human doctor and pleads to Six and Boomer to let her take Hera back to Galactica; if not, the first of a \"new generation\" will die. Boomer is reluctant and seems ready to kill the baby herself, but Caprica-Six kills Boomer and leaves with Athena and Hera for Galactica. As the nova expands, the Cylon Basestars jump away and Adama orders a rescue mission launched. The raptors rescue the people on the planet and \"Galactica\" jumps away just in time. On the flight deck, Anders and Starbuck reunite along", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9338026", "score": "1.1374232", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Resistance (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "Marines open fire on a hostile but unarmed crowd of civilians, killing four. Fearing a split in the fleet, President Roslin and Apollo enlist help from Racetrack and Dualla to escape the brig, and go into hiding with Tom Zarek, Roslin's erstwhile political enemy. Tigh has Chief Galen Tyrol thrown in a cell with Boomer who has recently been found to be a Cylon. He then orders Baltar to determine whether he is also a Cylon. Instead, Baltar injects Tyrol with poison and demands that Boomer reveal the number of Cylon agents still secretly aboard the fleet. After Boomer guesses", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7403324", "score": "1.1351427", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "No Exit (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "with the fleet. In yet another flashback, Cavil informs Ellen about the destruction of the Resurrection Hub by the humans and the rebel Cylons and tells her that she will have to recreate the resurrection technology for them. She claims that she will need the other Final Five in order to do this, however Cavil does not believe her. He tells her that if she doesn't give him the information, he'll extract the information from her brain using a psychophysical process. In a flashback to two days ago, Boomer comes to Ellen, supposedly to escort her to the surgery. Ellen", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12916533", "score": "1.1338694", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Downloaded (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "Cylon status-quo. When Number Three attempts to kill Anders, she is killed by Caprica-Six who, along with Boomer, allow Anders to escape. Recognizing that it will take some time for Number Three to resurrect and report them, Caprica-Six and Boomer form a pact to change the Cylon perspective of humanity together before finally being rescued from the collapsed parking garage by the other Cylons. The episode's secondary plot takes place on \"Galactica\". The copy of Number Eight that defected from the Cylons gives birth by cesarian section to a baby who she and Karl Agathon (Tahmoh Penikett) call \"Hera\". However,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7403716", "score": "1.1330888", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "twice in the chest, putting him in a coma and revealing her nature to the crew. While Boomer is in the brig, Gaius Baltar manipulates her into revealing how many other Cylons are hidden in the fleet. While Boomer is being transported from the brig, Cally shoots and kills her. In \"Downloaded\", Boomer's consciousness is downloaded into a new body in Cylon-occupied Caprica. She resists being identified with the Cylon cause despite being viewed as a hero alongside Caprica Six, and both she and Six decide to try to persuade the Cylons to reduce hostility against humans. Later in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6165310", "score": "1.1292456", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "The Farm (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "a machine, but Commander Adama insists she was more than that. Nonetheless Adama explains to Tyrol that Specialist Cally will spend 30 days in the brig for unlawful discharge of a firearm (so not explicitly for murder). He also reminds Tyrol that the human-looking Cylons are made in many copies, so Tyrol will see Boomer again eventually, although that sounds more like a menace than a promise. Adama views Boomer's corpse in the morgue and weeps over her. In a deleted scene, Apollo explains his refusal to denounce his father by telling Roslin that he was disappointed that she did", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7403348", "score": "1.1291124", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Number Eight (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "\"Galactica\", Boomer impersonates Athena to kidnap Hera and bring her to Cavil for study. On her way to Cavil, Boomer bonds with Hera, which leads to her turning against Cavil during the Colonial assault on the Cylon colony. After returning Hera to Athena and Helo, who were part of the boarding party, Boomer dies her final death when Athena shoots her. reveals that the Cavil aboard the \"Galactica\" used an elephant figurine to trigger Boomer's sleeper nature. The self-aware Boomer reveals that her feelings for Tyrol and Admiral Adama were genuine and that she prefers her human personality. Some supporting", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6165313", "score": "1.1267531", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Downloaded (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "\"Boomer\" Valerii, a sleeper agent who was a member of the crew of \"Galactica\". The concept of a Cylon-centric episode was proposed long before the episode aired, in an episode which would have seen the Cylons discuss their equivalent of the \"Final Solution\". \"Downloaded\" instead focuses on showing the personality of the Cylon race, in particular, Caprica-Six and Boomer. The episode was universally well-received despite its unconventional format. The episode primarily takes place on Cylon-occupied Caprica. After the Fall of the Twelve Colonies, the copy of Number Six (Tricia Helfer) that was responsible for disabling the Colonial defense system (affectionately", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7403712", "score": "1.1237731", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "The Eye of Jupiter (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "Boomer (the number eight copy that shot Adama), a Brother Cavill and Baltar. Boomer is removed from the negotiations when recognised by Athena - during their brief discussion in the hallway Athena finds out that her daughter Hera is in fact alive onboard one of the Basestars, and ill. President Roslin leaves the negotiations early, disgusted by Baltar's collusion with the Cylons, despite his assertion that the humans are alive only because of him. The Cylons offer to let the humans go in return for the Eye of Jupiter on the surface. Adama retorts that he will not hesitate to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9294930", "score": "1.1224772", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Rapture (Battlestar Galactica)", "text": "from the viewer, reaches out to take D'anna's hand, but the scene quickly fades with Baltar taking the figure's place. Baltar agonisingly asks what the five faces were and if he is a Cylon, but D'anna can only say it was beautiful and dies. Tyrol and the rest of the humans arrive and arrest Baltar. Aboard a Basestar, Athena and Six arrive in the nursery where Boomer (the copy of Number Eight who shot Admiral Adama), is caring for Hera. Athena urges Boomer to come with them saying Tyrol and Adama still have love for her, but Boomer says that", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9338025", "score": "1.1216292", "original_retrieval_index": 28 } ]

[ "B. Traven", "bilingual German author B. Traven" ]

[ { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)", "text": "(in the state of Durango and street scenes in Tampico, Mexico), although many scenes were filmed back in the studio and elsewhere in the US. The movie is quite faithful to the source novel. In 1990, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\". In 1925 in the Mexican oil-town of Tampico, Fred C. Dobbs (Humphrey Bogart) and Bob Curtin (Tim Holt), two unemployed American drifters, survive by bumming for spare change. They are recruited by an American labor contractor, Pat McCormick (Barton", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10189892", "score": "1.3292507", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)", "text": "as Huston was starting to shoot scenes in Tampico, Mexico, the production was shut down inexplicably by the local government. The cast and crew were at a complete loss to understand why, since the residents and government of Tampico had been so generous in days past. It turns out that a local newspaper printed a false story that accused the filmmakers of making a production that was unflattering to Mexico. Huston soon found out why the newspaper skewered him and his production. When you wanted to do anything in Tampico, it was customary to slide a little money toward the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10189907", "score": "1.3191305", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre", "text": "a trench-like ravine with a view of the campsite, fortifying it like a military bunker. Howard assumes command with the consent of the others and holds a war council. Gold Hat and his men dismount and enter the campsite on foot, expecting to encounter only a lone hunter. Failing to find him, they quarrel and consider returning to the village. The prospectors silently observe these developments from their hidden defenses. As the 20-man bandit group prepare to spend the night, one member explores the vicinity and discovers Curtin in the trench. Curtin warns him away, and the bandit alerts his", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "708521", "score": "1.3055896", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre", "text": "remains enthusiastic about a life as an honored member of the Indio community. Curtin bids Howard farewell, and promises to visit his old comrade when he fully recovers. \"Gold Hat\" (portrayed by Alfonso Bedoya)'s line to Fred C. Dobbs (Humphrey Bogart) - \"I don't have to show you any stinkin' badges!\" - is a well-known and widely quoted (and often misquoted) line from the book and 1948 film. (See Stinking badges.) The Treasure of the Sierra Madre The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (originally titled Der Schatz der Sierra Madre) is a 1927 adventure novel by bilingual German author B.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "708537", "score": "1.273711", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre", "text": "men in the distance approaching the encampment. They are not Mexican soldiers or police. Lacuad warns the miners that the horsemen are dangerous bandits, led by the notorious Gold Hat. Tipped off by locals, they are searching for the “hunter” (Curtin) to seize his guns and ammunition. Lacuad assures his companions that their lives are in imminent danger. As they anxiously watch the bandits slowly ascend the trail, Lacuad relates to them the story of Gold Hat, conveyed to him by a local nobleman, don Genaro Montereal, while visiting his estate the previous week. The prospectors take up positions in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "708520", "score": "1.2727572", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)", "text": "that the terrain is laden with gold. He dances a jig to celebrate their good luck, to the dismay of his two comrades. The men commence the exhausting process of extracting the riches, living and working in the harshest and primitive conditions. In time, they amass a fortune in placer gold. As the gold piles up, fear and suspicion take hold of each man. Dobbs is particularly susceptible and begins to lose his sanity to paranoia. The men agree to divide the gold dust so as to jealously conceal the whereabouts of their shares. Curtin, while on a resupply trip", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10189895", "score": "1.2683876", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)", "text": "other surgeons, they plot to get him to stay by making Burns believe there is gold in the nearby Korean hills. Letting his greed override his better judgment, Burns revokes his transfer. It has been said that the Stone Roses song Fools Gold is about the film. Singer and lyricist Ian \"Brown almost whispers his cryptic blank verse which, he claimed, was inspired by the Humphrey Bogart movie 'The Treasure of the Sierra Madre'. \"Three geezers who are skint and they put their money together to get equipment to go looking for gold,\" he said. \"Then they all betray each", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10189921", "score": "1.2629765", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)", "text": "editor of the newspaper, something the crew failed to do. Fortunately, two of Huston's associates, Diego Rivera and Miguel Covarrubias, went to bat for the director with the President of Mexico. The libelous accusations were dropped, and a few weeks later, the editor of the newspaper was caught in an adulterous situation and shot dead by a jealous husband. Most of the Mexican extras were paid 10 pesos a day which was the equivalent of $2.00, a considerable amount for an impoverished region at the time. There were scenes in which Walter Huston had to speak fluent Spanish, a language", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10189908", "score": "1.2615979", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre", "text": "The men don his clothing, and escape with the pack train. The outlaws, upon examining the contents of the pack, find only what appears to be sand in burlap bags. They guess that this is ballast placed in the packs to inflate the value by weight of commercial hides, or perhaps samples taken by a mining company engineer. They cannot fathom that it could be a fortune in placer gold. Frustrated at the paucity of loot, they slash the bags and contents pour out, swept away by the wind. The desperados travel to a tiny village in the high Sierra", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "708532", "score": "1.2607543", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre", "text": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (originally titled Der Schatz der Sierra Madre) is a 1927 adventure novel by bilingual German author B. Traven, whose identity remains unknown. In the book, two destitute American men in the 1920s join an older American man in Mexico to prospect for gold. John Huston adapted the book as a 1948 film of the same name.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)", "text": "the film ended, arguing that audiences wouldn't accept it. Warner's expectation was validated in that the initial box office take was unimpressive. Yet the film was a huge critical success and, in its many re-releases, it more than earned back its original investment of $3 million. As production dragged on, Bogart, who was an avid yachtsman, was starting to get increasingly anxious about missing the Honolulu Race, the Los Angeles-to-Hawaii yacht race in which he usually took part. Despite assurances from the studio that his work on the picture would be finished by then, he started to repeatedly annoy Huston", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10189912", "score": "1.2579684", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)", "text": "Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\". The film was among the first 100 films to be selected. Director Stanley Kubrick listed \"The Treasure of the Sierra Madre\" as his 4th favorite film of all time in a 1963 edition of \"Cinema\" magazine. Director Sam Raimi ranked it as his favorite film of all time in an interview with Rotten Tomatoes and director Paul Thomas Anderson watched it at night before bed while writing his film \"There Will Be Blood\". \"Breaking Bad\" creator Vince Gilligan has also cited the film as one of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10189919", "score": "1.2561669", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)", "text": "consensus reads, \"Remade but never duplicated, this darkly humorous morality tale represents John Huston at his finest.\" John Huston won the Academy Award for Best Director and Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay in 1948 for his work on \"The Treasure of the Sierra Madre\". Walter Huston, John Huston's father, also won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in this film, the first father-son win. The film was nominated for the Best Picture award, but lost to Laurence Olivier's film adaptation of \"Hamlet\". In 1990, this film was selected for preservation in the United States National", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10189918", "score": "1.2531782", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre", "text": "and the base camp is situated over a mile away for security. The men intend to pose as professional game hunters seeking commercial hides. The approach to the diggings are carefully camouflaged with boulders and trunks. The local people take little interest in their activities and do not molest them. They establish a placer gold operation, using a sluice box, with the water hauled to the apparatus by burros from a nearby creek. Driven by entrepreneurial self-interest, Dobbs and Curtin work to the limits of their endurance. The gold accumulates slowly but surely. As the fortune piles up, the prospectors", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "708515", "score": "1.2520859", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)", "text": "save the life of a seriously ill little boy. When the boy recovers, the next day, the villagers insist that Howard return to the village to be honored and will not take no for an answer. Howard leaves his goods with Dobbs and Curtin and says he will meet them later. Dobbs, whose paranoia continues, and Curtin constantly argue, until one night when Curtin falls asleep, Dobbs holds him at gunpoint, takes him behind the camp, shoots him, grabs all three shares of the gold, and leaves him for dead. However, the wounded Curtin survives and manages to crawl away", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10189898", "score": "1.2492155", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)", "text": "film, John Huston pulled pranks on Bennett, Bedoya (along with Bogart) and Bogart himself. While most of the film was shot in Mexico, Jack L. Warner had the unit return to Hollywood when the budget started to exceed three million dollars. Though the daily rushes impressed Warner Bros., Jack L. Warner, he nearly went berserk with the weekly expenditures. After viewing one scene, Warner threw up his hands and shouted to Producer Henry Blanke, \"Yeah, they're looking for gold all right – mine!\" During another screening of rushes, Warner watched Dobbs stumble along in the desert for water. Warner jumped", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10189910", "score": "1.2488165", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)", "text": "is: Gold Hat's response as written by Huston – and delivered by Bedoya – has become famous, and is often misquoted as \"We don't need no stinking badges!\" In 2005, the quotation was chosen as No. 36 on the American Film Institute list, AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes. The film is often described as a story about the corrupting influence of greed. Film critic Roger Ebert expanded upon this idea, saying that \"The movie has never really been about gold but about character.\" In addition, reviewers have noted the importance not just of greed and gold, but also of nature", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10189916", "score": "1.2439156", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre", "text": "is indispensable to the success of their venture, wondering if the old timer will even entertain shouldering two greenhorn prospectors. Howard gladly consents, and offers to invest the bulk of his savings, $200, towards the endeavor. Dobbs discovers that his lottery ticket has netted 100 pesos, and Curtin, in turn, collects an outstanding loan repayment with interest to the amount of $200. With about $600 in pooled funds, the trio depart immediately by train for city of Durango, in the Mexican interior. In Durango, Howard selects a promising region in the remote Sierra Madre Mountains to search for gold. Purchasing", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "708513", "score": "1.236898", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)", "text": "up in the middle of the scene and shouted to a gaggle of executives, \"If that s.o.b. doesn't find water soon I'll go broke!\" Warner had reason to be upset. John Huston and Blanke led him to believe that the film would be an easy picture to make and that they would be in and out of Mexico in a matter of weeks. Warner was notorious for not actually reading scripts, and he assumed the film was a B-movie Western. As the full extent of Huston's plans became apparent, Warner became quite angry. He was especially unhappy with the way", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10189911", "score": "1.2347728", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)", "text": "in the lottery, he pools his funds with Curtin and Howard to finance a gold prospecting journey to the Mexican interior. Departing from Tampico by rail, the threesome help to repulse a bandit attack. Dobbs exchanges gunfire with his future nemesis, the Mexican outlaw leader Gold Hat (Alfonso Bedoya). North of Durango the party is outfitted with gear and pack animals and begin their ascent into the remote Sierra Madre mountains. Howard proves to be the hardiest and most knowledgeable, outstripping the younger men in his physical endurance and wisdom. After several days of arduous travel, Howard’s keen eye recognizes", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10189894", "score": "1.2309984", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)", "text": "first Hollywood films to be filmed on location outside the United States (in the state of Durango and street scenes in Tampico, Mexico), although many scenes were filmed back in the studio and elsewhere in the US. Filming took five and a half months to shoot. The first scene in the film with Bogart and Holt was the first to be shot. The opening scenes, filmed in longshot on the Plaza de la Libertad in Tampico, show contemporary (i.e. of the 1940s) cars and buses, even though the story opens in 1925, as evidenced by the lottery number's poster. Just", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10189906", "score": "1.225457", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)", "text": "during the night. Nearly dying of thirst, Dobbs is ambushed at a waterhole by Gold Hat and his accomplices. He attempts to shoot them, but is out of ammunition — allowing the bandits to brutally kill him. In their ignorance, they believe Dobbs' bags of gold dust are merely filled with sand, and they scatter the precious metal to the winds, taking only his burros and supplies. Meanwhile, Curtin is discovered by \"indios\" and taken to Howard's village, where he recovers. Gold Hat's gang try to sell the packing donkeys in town, but a child recognizes the branding mark on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10189899", "score": "1.2253242", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "B. Traven", "text": "\"The Death Ship\", was \"The Treasure of the Sierra Madre\", published first in German in 1927 as \"Der Schatz der Sierra Madre\". The action of the book is again set in Mexico, and its main characters are a group of American adventurers and gold seekers. In 1948 the book was filmed under the same title (\"The Treasure of the Sierra Madre\") by the Hollywood director John Huston. The film, starring Humphrey Bogart and Walter Huston, was a great commercial success, and in 1949 it won three Academy Awards. The figure of Gerald Gales returned in Traven's next book, \"The Bridge", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3653292", "score": "1.210797", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre", "text": "supplies and pack animals in local villages they begin their ascent. Dobbs and Curtin are staggered by the hardships they experience in wilderness travel. Several promising sites are tested, but show only traces of gold. The two inexperienced men begin to despair and consider quitting. Howard suddenly begins to berate his companions, disparaging their pessimism and ignorance. The old man's outburst is such that Dobbs and Curtin suspect he has gone mad. Listening to him, they begin to grasp what he is saying: the keen-eyed miner recognizes that the terrain is laden with placer gold. An excavation site is selected", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "708514", "score": "1.2100405", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre", "text": "acting suspicious so as not to draw attention from locals. Passing through a tiny village, they are detained by Mexican officials. Expecting the worst – that they will be fined for operating an unregistered mine – the officials turn out to be medical technicians for the Health Commission vaccinating the residents for smallpox. The prospectors gladly submit to be inoculated and go their way. Setting up camp, they are intercepted by a delegation of mounted \"indios\". The farmers request that the American accompany them to their village: the son of one of the men has been pulled from a swimming", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "708525", "score": "1.2050618", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre", "text": "with “Homeric” laughter. Curtin is at first offended, distraught at the loss of the fortune, but finally joins the old prospector in his ironic mirth. Howard is content to remain in the village as a medicine-man and offer Curtin to accompany him as an apprentice doctor. When Howard makes a thorough examination of the recovered burros and packs, he finds two bags of placer gold overlooked by the thieves. Now possessing some capital, the two ex-prospectors consider opening a movie theatre or a grocery store in Tampico, but with the decline in the oil boom, they doubt their profitability. Howard", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "708536", "score": "1.2046187", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Montezuma's treasure", "text": "Mitchell, in 1847, during the Mexican American War, a Mexican aristocrat named Don Joaquin enslaved the local Apaches to dig for gold in the Sierra Estrellas. But later, as the United States Army entered the mountains, the Apache rose up against the Mexicans who had to hide their gold in a canyon near Montezuma's Head. Most of the Mexicans were killed but at least one man survived and later went back to the mountains in the 1880s with a treasure map to find the gold. However, the Apache still controlled the area and the Mexican man never found the lost", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14528326", "score": "1.2019534", "original_retrieval_index": 33 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre", "text": "on the perils of striking it rich. Discovered in quantity, he avers, gold distorts a man's estimate of vice and virtue. Invariably he succumbs to greed, and no amount of gold will satisfy him. Overhearing this, Dobbs becomes agitated, swearing that he is immune to the sinister forces of gold, that he would be happy with a $20,000 fortune, no more. Howard quietly takes the measure of Dobbs with a long look, then returns to his sermon. He assures them that, though no longer in his prime, he is ready to share expenses on a gold-prospecting expedition. Dobbs and the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "708511", "score": "1.1975465", "original_retrieval_index": 34 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (film)", "text": "he did not know off camera. To fill this need, John Huston hired a Mexican to record the lines, and then the elder Huston memorized them so well that many assumed he knew the language like a native. As with most of the Mexican actors selected from the local population, Alfonso Bedoya's heavily accented pronunciation of English proved to be a bit of a problem. Example: \"horseback\" came out as \"whore's back\". Bogart only knew two Spanish words, \"Dos Equis\", a Mexican beer. The fight scene in the cantina took five days to shoot. During the shooting of the entire", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10189909", "score": "1.1964023", "original_retrieval_index": 35 }, { "title": "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre", "text": "serving in the US military in Europe. His conscience troubles him, but he finally falls into a deep sleep. He awakes and searches for Curtin's body, but cannot find it. He begins to hallucinate as his alienation and guilt take hold of him. He departs camp and makes good progress towards Durango, in possession of all the gold. When he spots a locomotive in the distant valley, his anxiety fades and he contemplates a trip to the British Isles, the home of his ancestors. His only concern is that his crime will be discovered before he can cash in and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "708530", "score": "1.1806806", "original_retrieval_index": 36 } ]

[ "Devastator", "the Devastator" ]

[ { "title": "Star Destroyer", "text": "novella \"Han Solo's Revenge\" (1979). Lego has released numerous Star Destroyer kits, including a 3,104-piece \"Imperial\"-class Star Destroyer and a 3,152-piece model of the \"Executor\". The Super Star Destroyer has also been merchandised. Kenner wanted to use a less ominous name than \"Executor\" for the toy playset of Darth Vader's meditation chamber. An advertisement agency's list of 153 alternatives included Starbase Malevolent, Black Coven, Haphaestus VII, and Cosmocurse; ultimately, the toy was labeled \"Darth Vader's Star Destroyer\". In 2006, Wizards of the Coast created an \"Executor\" miniature as part of its Star Wars Miniatures Starship Battles game. An electronic Super", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "612977", "score": "1.069986", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Star Wars: From the Adventures of Luke Skywalker", "text": "of the word \"android\". Additionally, the word \"rebel\" is never capitalized, unlike its appearance when describing the Rebel Alliance in the film's opening crawl. The novel and various merchandising tie-ins also refer to Darth Vader as a Sith Lord, although he is not referred to as such in the movie. The term was not mentioned in the films until 1999's \".\" However, in a recently released deleted scene from the original film, General Tagge describes Darth Vader as a Sith Lord during the Death Star meeting. In the novel, the Imperial stormtroopers board the Tantive IV through the ceiling rather", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7690818", "score": "1.0652306", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Star Wars sources and analogues", "text": "had started working together again. In a 2005 interview, George Lucas was asked the origins of the name \"Darth Vader\", and replied: \"Darth is a variation of dark. And Vader is a variation of father. So it's basically Dark Father.\" (Rolling Stone, June 2, 2005). \"Vader\" is the Dutch word for \"father\" (the Dutch word is instead pronounced \"fah-der\"), and the German word for \"father\" (\"Vater\") is similar. However, in the earliest scripts for \"Star Wars\", the name \"Darth Vader\" was given to a human Imperial general with no apparent relationships. Commentators have noted the strong political analogies in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2342904", "score": "1.0440679", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Darth Vader", "text": "Darth Vader Darth Vader is a fictional character in the \"Star Wars\" franchise. He is the main antagonist of the original trilogy, but, as Anakin Skywalker, is the main protagonist of the prequel trilogy. \"Star Wars\" creator George Lucas has collectively referred to the first six episodic films of the franchise as \"the tragedy of Darth Vader.\" Originally a Jedi prophesied to bring balance to the Force, Anakin Skywalker is lured to the dark side of the Force by Palpatine, who is secretly a Sith Lord. After fighting a lightsaber battle with his former mentor Obi-Wan Kenobi in which he", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "650629", "score": "1.0233227", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Darth Vader", "text": "Universe material. Darth Vader first appears in \"Star Wars\" (later retitled as \"A New Hope\") as a ruthless villain serving the Galactic Empire. He is tasked, along with Imperial Governor Grand Moff Tarkin, with recovering the secret technical plans for the Death Star, which were stolen by the Rebel Alliance. Vader captures and tortures Princess Leia Organa, who has hidden the plans inside the droid R2-D2 and sent it to find Vader's former Jedi Master Obi-Wan Kenobi on the planet Tatooine. During Leia's rescue, Vader kills Obi-Wan in a lightsaber duel. Having placed a tracking device aboard the \"Millennium Falcon\",", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "650652", "score": "1.0208017", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Darth Vader", "text": "Vader is able to track down the Rebels' base on the planet Yavin IV. During the Rebels' attack on the Death Star, Vader in his TIE fighter attempts to shoot down Luke Skywalker's X-wing fighter, but Han Solo intervenes and sends Vader's ship spiraling off course, allowing Luke to destroy the Death Star. In \"The Empire Strikes Back\", Vader becomes obsessed with finding Luke and leads the Imperial attack on the Rebel base on Hoth, but the Rebels escape. While conversing with Emperor Palpatine via hologram, Vader convinces him that Luke would be valuable to the Empire if he could", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "650653", "score": "1.018312", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Star Destroyer", "text": "Star Destroyer Star Destroyers are capital ships in the fictional \"Star Wars\" universe. The Imperial Star Destroyer, which first appears in the first seconds of \"Star Wars\" (1977), is \"the signature vessel of the Imperial fleet\". The term \"Star Destroyer\" also refers to other vessels in the franchise. Numerous Star Destroyer models and toys have been released, and the iconic scene featuring the vessel's first appearance pursuing Princess Leia's starship has been called a milestone in special effects history. In draft scripts for the film that would become \"Star Wars\", the term \"Stardestroyer\" refers to two-man fighters flown by what", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "612966", "score": "1.0117922", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Star Destroyer", "text": "\"Executor\" in \"The Empire Strikes Back\" (1980) and \"Return of the Jedi\" (1983) was long. The design of the \"Venator\"-class Star Destroyers appearing in \"\" (2005) are meant to bridge the appearance of the \"Acclamator\"-class transports in \"\" (2002) and the \"Imperial\" class in the original trilogy. Star Destroyers of varying factions have appeared in every \"Star Wars\" film and television production except \"Star Wars: Episode I - The Phantom Menace\". The iconic Star Destroyer first appears in the opening scene of \"Star Wars\", as an Imperial starship part of Darth Vader's Death Squadron, the \"Imperial I\" (\"Imperator\")-class Star Destroyer", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "612969", "score": "1.0111576", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Sith", "text": "Wars\" original trilogy, and later in the prequel trilogy. As the Jedi hero Anakin Skywalker, he fought alongside his master Obi-Wan Kenobi during the galaxy-wide Clone Wars, but was slowly seduced to the dark side by Darth Sidious. After helping Sidious kill Jedi Master Mace Windu, he swore allegiance to the Sith and was given the name Darth Vader before setting out to destroy all Jedi left on Coruscant. After being sent by Sidious to assassinate the Separatist council members on Mustafar, Vader was badly injured in a duel with Kenobi, resulting in the loss of his remaining organic arm,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10857094", "score": "1.0093663", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Star Destroyer", "text": "The iconic Star Destroyer first appears in the opening scene of Star Wars, as Darth Vader's flagship, the Devastator, chases the Tantive IV above Tatooine. This appearance shows the Imperial ship's massive size in comparison to the Tantive IV.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Darth Vader", "text": "heard interrogating and torturing Leia on board his Star Destroyer and aboard the Death Star. Vader appears in \"Star Tours – The Adventures Continue\", where he is voiced by Jones. Vader is featured as a combatant in the popular series \"Death Battle\", in which he is pitted against Marvel Comics villain Doctor Doom. In \"Attack of the Clones\", Anakin Skywalker feels \"smothered\" by Obi-Wan Kenobi and is incapable of controlling his own life. By \"Revenge of the Sith\", however, his \"father-son\" friction with his master has matured into a more equal, brotherly relationship. Once he becomes Darth Vader, each evil", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "650685", "score": "1.0081296", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Darth Vader", "text": "U.S. Patent and Trademark Office under Trademark #77419252 and is officially described in the documentation as \"\"The sound of rhythmic mechanical human breathing created by breathing through a scuba tank regulator.\"\" Commentators have often pointed to the influence of Akira Kurosawa's films such as \"The Hidden Fortress\" (1958) on George Lucas, and Vader's Samurai-inspired costume design is held up as a significant example of the Japanese influences on \"Star Wars\". Darth Vader was portrayed by bodybuilder David Prowse in the original film trilogy, and by stunt performer Bob Anderson during the character's intense lightsaber fight scenes. Lucas originally intended for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "650643", "score": "1.0038286", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Darth Vader", "text": "Vader supervises the construction of the first Death Star alongside Palpatine and Grand Moff Wilhuff Tarkin. In the 2008 3D animated film \"\", Yoda assigns Ahsoka Tano as Anakin's Padawan apprentice to teach him a greater sense of responsibility, and Anakin is initially frustrated by this decision. Their early interactions are \"playfully contentious\", with Anakin calling her \"Snips\" for her \"snippy\" attitude and Ahsoka calling him \"Skyguy\" as a pun on his surname. After earning Anakin's respect during a dangerous mission, Ahsoka joins him on a quest to rescue Jabba the Hutt's infant son, Rotta. Her impetuousness both annoys and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "650665", "score": "0.9908798", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Star Destroyer", "text": "Described in \"A Guide to the Star Wars Universe\" (1984) as being long, \"Executor\"-class Super Star Destroyers were later described as being long. In addition to Vader's command ship, \"Star Wars\" novels introduce the prison ship \"Lusankya\" and stealth-armored \" Knight Hammer\" as ships in the class. The labels \"Star Destroyer\" and \"Super Star Destroyer\" are applied to several other massive \"Star Wars\" warships, such as the \"Pellaeon\"-class in the \"\" comic series (2006–2010), the reborn Emperor Palpatine's flagships \"Eclipse\" and \"Eclipse II\" in the Dark Empire series (1991–1995), and the \"Victory\" class first described in the early \"Star Wars\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "612976", "score": "0.98866713", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Darth Vader", "text": "to Vader and Palpatine, respectively, in a satirical article comparing politicians to various \"Star Wars\" and \"Star Trek\" characters. Many films and television series have paid homage to Darth Vader. The 1982 compilation movie \"Cosmic Princess\", compiled from parts of \"\" episodes, contains several \"Star Wars\" references including a character named \"Vader\". Marty McFly in \"Back to the Future\" (1985), dressed in a radiation suit, calls himself \"Darth Vader from the planet Vulcan\" to convince the past version of his father to ask his mother to a dance. Rick Moranis plays \"Dark Helmet\" in the \"Star Wars\" parody \"Spaceballs\" (1987).", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "650693", "score": "0.9856119", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Star Destroyer", "text": "in service during the time of the Battle of Endor in addition to Darth Vader's \"Executor\". The final surviving Super Star Destroyer, the \"Ravager\", is the vessel whose wreckage appears in \"The Force Awakens\". The \"Ravager\"'s crash onto Jakku is depicted in the game \"Star Wars Battlefront\" (2015). In April 2014, most of the licensed \"Star Wars\" novels, games, and comics produced since 1977 (and prior to 2014), were rebranded by Lucasfilm as Star Wars Legends; and therefore declared non-canon to the franchise. However, Star Destroyers feature in numerous \"Legends\" publications, with a considerable amount of additional notable information. According", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "612973", "score": "0.9851012", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Darth Vader", "text": "is dismembered, Vader is transformed into a cyborg. He then serves the Galactic Empire as Darth Vader until he redeems himself by saving his son, Luke Skywalker, and killing Palpatine, sacrificing his own life in the process. He is also the father of Princess Leia Organa, the secret husband of Padmé Amidala, and grandfather of Kylo Ren, the main villain of the \"Star Wars\" sequel trilogy. The character has been portrayed by numerous actors. His cinematic appearances span the first six \"Star Wars\" films, as well as \"Rogue One\", and his character is referenced in both \"\" and \"\". He", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "650630", "score": "0.98427176", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Grand Moff Tarkin", "text": "to the Mustafar system aboard Tarkin's Star Destroyer. During Kanan's rescue by Rebel forces, Tarkin's Star Destroyer is destroyed, and the Inquisitor is killed. On Lothal, Tarkin introduces Agent Kallus to Darth Vader. Taking the loss of his personal Star Destroyer personally, Tarkin orders that Maketh Tua be brought before him for her failure to find the Lothal rebels. Knowing the true meaning behind the summoning after the deaths of Aresko and Grint, Tua attempts to defect, but she is killed before she can leave Lothal. Tarkin later appears in the season three premiere where he meets with Governor Pryce", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "806039", "score": "0.9817766", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Star Wars: Empire", "text": "then says that he would have assigned Trachta to oversee the construction of the Death Star instead of Tarkin, if only Trachta wasn't necessary for the Emperor's operations on Coruscant. Meanwhile, Darth Vader thinks back to a conversation he had with Qui-Gon Jinn before he was introduced to the Jedi Council. He then meets with Palpatine, who gives him a mission to hunt down a lightsaber-wielding criminal on the planet Dargulli. They both suspect it could be one of Vader's children. Star Wars Empire: Princess ... Warrior is a two-part story arc in the Star Wars: Empire series of comic", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7932216", "score": "0.9799586", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Grand Moff Tarkin", "text": "in the 1977 film \"Star Wars\", the first film in the original \"Star Wars\" trilogy, Grand Moff Tarkin is the Governor of the Imperial Outland Regions, and commander of the Death Star. After Emperor Palpatine dissolves the Galactic Senate, Tarkin and Darth Vader are charged with pursuing and destroying the Rebel Alliance. He threatens Princess Leia Organa with the destruction of her home planet, Alderaan, if Leia does not reveal the location of the Rebel main base of operations. When Leia names the planet Dantooine as the base's location, he destroys Alderaan anyway, hoping to make an example out of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "806031", "score": "0.97347367", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Dark Lord: The Rise of Darth Vader", "text": "an act that will eventually lead to the partnership between Han Solo and Chewbacca. The novel ends with Obi-Wan Kenobi learning of Vader's survival after their duel on Mustafar (depicted in \"Revenge of the Sith\"). Fearing for safety of the infant Luke Skywalker whom he is watching over, he communes with the spirit of his late master Qui-Gon Jinn, who tells him that Luke will grow to confront his father when the time is right and that Darth Vader will never return to Tatooine; as Qui-Gon explains, the planet is the whole of everything that was Anakin Skywalker, someone Vader", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6566744", "score": "0.96957743", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Star Wars: Empire", "text": "issue of the \"Star Wars: Empire\" comic book series. It was originally published on 10 December 2003, and later collected in the \"\" trade paperback. Escaping from the Battle of Yavin in his TIE/Advanced fighter, Darth Vader crash lands on the planet Vaal. The only Imperial presence on the planet is a small Imperial communications outpost, led by the lazy Sergeant Reybn and two other men. They prefer to relax and have fun, rather than doing actual work, reasoning that they're on one of the Empire's most distant outposts. Meanwhile, Vader encounters a pack of canine creatures, who attempt to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7932223", "score": "0.96694195", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Darth Vader", "text": "the Terrible, Napoleon, Al Capone and the fictional Pharaoh Kahmunrah, but they judge him only a futile robot, as he does not speak, but tries to Force-choke them, with a gesture they interpret as a sort of salute. In 2010, IGN ranked Darth Vader 25th in the \"Top 100 Videogames Villains\". In Ukraine, the Internet Party of Ukraine regularly lets people named Darth Vader take part in elections. Footnotes Citations Darth Vader Darth Vader is a fictional character in the \"Star Wars\" franchise. He is the main antagonist of the original trilogy, but, as Anakin Skywalker, is the main protagonist", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "650698", "score": "0.965014", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Star Destroyer", "text": "Star Destroyer toy released by Hasbro \"is the rarest among Hasbro's Collector Fleet\". Star Destroyer Star Destroyers are capital ships in the fictional \"Star Wars\" universe. The Imperial Star Destroyer, which first appears in the first seconds of \"Star Wars\" (1977), is \"the signature vessel of the Imperial fleet\". The term \"Star Destroyer\" also refers to other vessels in the franchise. Numerous Star Destroyer models and toys have been released, and the iconic scene featuring the vessel's first appearance pursuing Princess Leia's starship has been called a milestone in special effects history. In draft scripts for the film that would", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "612978", "score": "0.9626787", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Sith", "text": "or die, and proceeded to use his Force-derived powers to torture and kill Skywalker when the latter refused to embrace the Dark Side of the Force. Experiencing a crisis of conscience at the imminent death of Skywalker, whom Vader now knew to be his son, Darth Vader chose to intervene and kill his master, the Emperor. Darth Vader would die of his own injuries shortly thereafter, thus apparently bringing an end to the Sith and their ancient vendetta. Darth Atrius was an ancient Dark Lord of the Sith who existed long before the Rule of Two was created. He owned", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10857085", "score": "0.9589468", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Tales of the Bounty Hunters", "text": "Tales of the Bounty Hunters Tales of the Bounty Hunters (1996) is an anthology of short stories set in the fictional \"Star Wars\" universe. It presents the background stories about each bounty hunter that was seen aboard Darth Vader's Star Destroyer in the film \"The Empire Strikes Back\". It contains the tale of IG-88, Dengar, Bossk, Zuckuss and 4-LOM, and Boba Fett. The book was edited by Kevin J. Anderson, who conceived the \"Tales\" book series, and wrote one of the stories as well. Written by the editor, Kevin J. Anderson, the story of assassin android IG-88 and his three", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6748079", "score": "0.95396876", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Darth Vader", "text": "Foster, Vader meets Luke Skywalker for the first time and engages him in a lightsaber duel that ends with Luke cutting off Vader's arm and Vader falling into a deep pit. (In 1999's \"Vader's Quest\", however, Vader encounters Luke for the first time after hiring a bounty hunter to find the pilot who destroyed the Death Star.) \"\" (1996) reveals that Vader is conflicted about trying to turn his son to the dark side of the Force, and knows deep down that there is still some good in him. Anakin Skywalker's redeemed spirit appears in \"The Truce at Bakura\" (1993),", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "650677", "score": "0.95374525", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Darth Vader", "text": "Skywalker appear in a variety of video games such as the \"Lego Star Wars\" series and the \"\" series. Vader plays a central role in \"\" (2008). He is a playable character in the first level of the game, where he and his armies invade Kashyyyk to hunt down a Jedi who had survived the Order's destruction. Vader kills the Jedi and kidnaps the man's young Force-sensitive son, whom he raises as his secret apprentice, Starkiller. Vader sends Starkiller on various missions throughout the galaxy, with an ultimate goal to assassinate Palpatine so that Vader can rule the galaxy himself.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "650682", "score": "0.95366657", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Star Wars: Rebel Assault II: The Hidden Empire", "text": "of a swamp on Speeder Bikes. Disguised as stormtroopers, Rookie One and Ru Murleen steal an Imperial shuttle and board Admiral Sarn's cloaked Super Star Destroyer \"Terror\". After defeating numerous stormtroopers within the Super Star Destroyer and later in the maintenance tunnels, they steal a Phantom TIE from the hangar. After the destruction of \"Terror\" from inside, along with many other Phantom TIEs, Darth Vader kills Admiral Sarn for his failures and escapes on his TIE Advanced. The Imdaar Alpha facility manufacturing the new fighters suddenly appears on Imdaar's moon, as it was also equipped with a cloaking device that", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4964182", "score": "0.95299053", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Admiral Piett", "text": "with audiences. Piett serves in the Galactic Empire as first officer and captain of the Super Star Destroyer, \"Executor\", Darth Vader's flagship. While in search of the Rebel base, under the command of Admiral Ozzel, Piett receives a suspicious transmission from an Imperial probe droid located in the Hoth system. Although dismissed and ignored by Admiral Ozzel, Piett supersedes his superior and informs Vader of the transmission; which in fact does turn out to be the hidden Rebel Alliance headquarters, Echo Base. Vader then dispatches the Imperial fleet to Hoth; however, Ozzel orders the fleet to exit hyperspace too close", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3035081", "score": "0.9487691", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "Nala" ]

[ { "title": "Lion", "text": "Lion The lion (\"Panthera leo\") is a species in the family Felidae; it is a muscular, deep-chested cat with a short, rounded head, a reduced neck and round ears, and a hairy tuft at the end of its tail. The lion is sexually dimorphic; males are larger than females with a typical weight range of for the former and for the latter. Male lions have a prominent mane, which is the most recognisable feature of the species. A lion pride consists of a few adult males, related females and cubs. Groups of female lions typically hunt together, preying mostly on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "474176", "score": "0.9275347", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "The Lion King 1½ (video game)", "text": "The Lion King 1½ (video game) Disney's The Lion King 1½ (known as Disney's The Lion King outside North America) is an action platformer video game based on the film of the same name, the third film in \"The Lion King\" franchise. It was developed by Vicarious Visions and published by Disney Interactive, whilst THQ distributed the game in Europe. The game was released worldwide for Game Boy Advance on October 7, 2003. The game puts the players in the role of Timon and Pumbaa in a quest to find Hakuna Matata. It features three modes of game play which", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18246331", "score": "0.91057014", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Lion", "text": "Wizard of Oz\". Lion symbolism was used from the advent of cinema; one of the most iconic and widely recognised lions is Leo, which has been the mascot for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) studios since the 1920s. The 1960s saw the appearance of the Kenyan lioness Elsa in the movie \"Born Free\", which is based on the factual book of the same title. The lion's role as king of the beasts has been used in cartoons, such as the 1994 Disney animated feature film \"The Lion King\". Tiger versus lion Lion The lion (\"Panthera leo\") is a species in the family Felidae;", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "474283", "score": "0.9050367", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Lion", "text": "12 other females, forming a stronger pride together with their cubs. They share large carcasses with each other but seldom share food with males. Female and male lions associate only when mating. Coalitions of males hold territory for a longer time than single lions. Males in coalitions of three or four individuals exhibit a pronounced hierarchy, in which one male dominates the others. Dominant males mate more frequently than their coalition partners; during a study carried out between December 2012 and December 2016, three females were observed switching mating partners in favour of the dominant male. The lion is a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "474206", "score": "0.9048461", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "The Lion King (video game)", "text": "The Lion King (video game) The Lion King is a platformer video game based on Disney's animated film of the same name. The title was developed by Westwood Studios and published by Virgin Interactive Entertainment for the Super NES and Genesis in 1994, and was also ported to the Nintendo Entertainment System, Game Boy, PC, Amiga, Master System, and Game Gear. The NES, Master System and Amiga versions were only released in the PAL region, with the NES version in particular being the last game released for the platform in the region in addition to being the final licensed game", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6976504", "score": "0.8972502", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "The Lion King", "text": "The Lion King The Lion King is a 1994 American animated musical film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. It is the 32nd Disney animated feature film, and the fifth animated film produced during a period known as the Disney Renaissance. \"The Lion King\" was directed by Roger Allers and Rob Minkoff, produced by Don Hahn, and has a screenplay credited to Irene Mecchi, Jonathan Roberts, and Linda Woolverton. Its original songs were written by composer Elton John and lyricist Tim Rice, with a score by Hans Zimmer. The film features an ensemble voice", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "895755", "score": "0.8972034", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "The Lion King (video game)", "text": "solve puzzles. In the second half of the game, Simba becomes an adult and gains access to various combat moves such as scratching, mauling, and throws. In either form, Simba will lose a life if he runs out of health or encounters an instant-death obstacle, such as a bottomless pit or a rolling boulder. Throughout the game, the player can collect various types of bugs to help them through the game. Some bugs restore Simba's health and roar meters, other more rare bugs can increase these meters for the remainder of the game, while black spiders will cause Simba to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6976506", "score": "0.8951683", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "The Lion King (video game)", "text": "quite another. When the grown-up Simba gives a blood-curdling roar and mauls snarling hyenas, the interaction is so well observed that it's like watching a PBS nature documentary. The sense of power it gives you is exhilarating, and by the time Simba takes his climactic heavyweight stand against his evil uncle Scar, this \"Lion King\" has turned into a wild-kingdom variant of \"Street Fighter II\".\" The Lion King (video game) The Lion King is a platformer video game based on Disney's animated film of the same name. The title was developed by Westwood Studios and published by Virgin Interactive Entertainment", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6976513", "score": "0.8929044", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "The Lion King 1½", "text": "The Lion King 1½ The Lion King (known as The Lion King 3: Hakuna Matata outside of North America) is a 2004 American animated comedy adventure direct-to-video film produced by the Australian office of Disneytoon Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures on February 10, 2004. The film was also theatrically released internationally and in selected cities in the United States. As the third film in the \"Lion King\" media franchise, the film is chronologically the second in the franchise. It focuses on the meerkat/warthog duo Timon and Pumbaa and their escapades taking place before and during the events of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2366751", "score": "0.8905687", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "List of The Lion King characters", "text": "Nala (voiced by Moira Kelly in The Lion King, The Lion King ll: Simba's Pride, and The Lion King 1½, and Gabrielle Union in The Lion Guard) is the daughter of Sarafina, the best friend and later wife of Simba and Kiara and Kion's mother. Although she is a prominent character in The Lion King, she makes minor appearances in Simba's Pride, The Lion King 1½, and The Lion Guard.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "The Lion King: Simba's Mighty Adventure", "text": "The Lion King: Simba's Mighty Adventure The Lion King: Simba′s Mighty Adventure is an adventure platformer video game based on Walt Disney Pictures′ animated film \"The Lion King\". It was developed in a collaboration between Torus Games and Paradox Development, and published by Activision. It was released for Game Boy Color and PlayStation in December 2000. Unlike the previous \"The Lion King\" video game, it adhered more closely to the events in the film and the storyline carried on into \"\", with Simba having to battle his evil uncle Scar, rescue his daughter Kiara (the protagonist from \"The Lion King", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10359244", "score": "0.8889836", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "The Lion King", "text": "the United States on July 19, 2019. In the Pride Lands of Africa, a pride of lions rule over the animal kingdom from Pride Rock. King Mufasa's and Queen Sarabi's newborn son, Simba, is presented to the gathering animals by Rafiki the baboon (with the colorful facial marking of a mandrill) who serves as the shaman and advisor. Mufasa shows Simba the Pride Lands and explains to him the responsibilities of kingship and the \"circle of life\", which connects all living things. Mufasa's younger brother, Scar, covets the throne and plots to eliminate Mufasa and Simba, so he may become", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "895761", "score": "0.88629556", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "The Lion King (franchise)", "text": "of lions who oversee a large swath of African savanna as their \"kingdom\" known as the Pride Lands, with their leader Simba watching over it as \"king\". The first three animated films are widely known for being influenced by the works of William Shakespeare, as well as other works based on his material. \"The Lion King\" is the original film of the franchise. It was directed by Roger Allers and Rob Minkoff. It was produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation, premiered in selected cities on June 15, 1994, and widely released to theaters on June 24, 1994 by Walt Disney", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14153133", "score": "0.88598335", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "The Lion King (franchise)", "text": "The Lion King (franchise) The Lion King is a Disney media franchise comprising a film series and additional media. The success of the original 1994 American animated feature, \"The Lion King\", directed by Roger Allers and Rob Minkoff, led to two direct-to-video sequel films, a television film sequel, two spin-off television series, three educational shorts, several video games, merchandise, and the third-longest-running musical in Broadway history, which garnered six Tony Awards including Best Musical. The franchise as a whole has EGOT-ed, meaning it has won the four biggest awards of American show business. The franchise mainly revolves about a pride", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14153132", "score": "0.8799894", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Simba", "text": "Henn animated the character's first appearance as an adult that occurs near the end of the \"Hakuna Matata\" musical number. Released in theaters in 1994, \"The Lion King\" marks Simba's first appearance. All the animals in the Pride Lands gather at the foot of Pride Rock to commemorate the birth of Simba, who will eventually succeed to the throne and take his father Mufasa's place as king. Furious by the fact that he is no longer next in line, Simba's jealous uncle Scar refuses to attend the ceremony. While Simba grows into a rambunctious lion cub who frequently boasts about", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3744034", "score": "0.87406266", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Lion", "text": "typically in length, and can weigh up to . The less-common tiglon or tigon is a cross between a lioness and a male tiger. In contrast to ligers, tigons are often relatively small in comparison with their parents because of reciprocal gene effects. The lion is a muscular, deep-chested cat with a short, rounded head, a reduced neck and round ears. Its fur varies in colour from light buff to silvery grey, yellowish red and dark brown. The colours of the underparts are generally lighter. When they are born, have dark spots on their bodies; these spots fade as the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "474191", "score": "0.87311953", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "The Lion King (2019 film)", "text": "mid-2017 on a blue screen stage in Los Angeles. The film is scheduled to be released on July 19, 2019. Additionally, John Kani voices Rafiki, a wise mandrill who serves as the shaman of the Pride Lands and a close friend of Mufasa's. Florence Kasumba and Eric Andre portray as Shenzi and Azizi, two hyenas and Scar's henchmen. While Shenzi is a character that featured in the original film, Azizi replaces Ed from the original film. Alfre Woodard voices Sarabi, queen of the Pride Lands, Mufasa's mate, and Simba's mother. Amy Sedaris voices an unspecified elephant shrew, a character not", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19755601", "score": "0.87309706", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "The Lion King (musical)", "text": "the record previously held by \"The Phantom of the Opera\". \"The Lion King\" musical has grossed nearly as of 2017. As the sun rises, Rafiki the mandrill calls the animals to Pride Rock. She greets King Mufasa and Queen Sarabi before presenting their cub to the gathered animals (\"Circle of Life\"). Elsewhere, Mufasa's brother, Scar, laments his lost chance at becoming King. Back at her baobab tree, Rafiki paints an image of the cub and asks the spirits to conjure the new prince's name: Simba. Time passes and Simba grows into a lively young cub (\"Grasslands Chant\"). Mufasa shows Simba", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6528840", "score": "0.87245154", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "The Lion King (musical)", "text": "The Lion King (musical) The Lion King is a musical based on the 1994 Walt Disney Animation Studios' animated feature film of the same name with music by Elton John, lyrics by Tim Rice, and book by Roger Allers and Irene Mecchi, along with additional music and lyrics by Lebo M, Mark Mancina, Jay Rifkin, Julie Taymor, and Hans Zimmer. Directed by Taymor, the musical features actors in animal costumes as well as giant, hollow puppets. The show is produced by Disney Theatrical Productions. The musical debuted on July 8, 1997 in Minneapolis, Minnesota at the Orpheum Theatre and was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6528837", "score": "0.87163115", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Chinese guardian lions", "text": "yin and yang, the female representing yin and the male yang. The male lion has its right front paw on a type of cloth ball simply called an \"embroidered ball\" (xiù qiú, 绣球), which is sometimes carved with a geometric pattern. The female is essentially identical, but has a cub under the left paw, representing the cycle of life. Symbolically, the female lion protects those dwelling inside (the living soul within), while the male guards the structure (the external material elements). Sometimes the female has her mouth closed, and the male open. This symbolizes the enunciation of the sacred word", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3302346", "score": "0.87158567", "original_retrieval_index": 33 }, { "title": "Leo the Lion: King of the Jungle", "text": "Leo the Lion: King of the Jungle Leo the Lion: King of the Jungle is a 46-minute direct-to-video animated film, originally released in 1994. Leo (voiced by Garry Chalk) is the lion king of the jungle, but unfortunately he doesn't know well what a king's job is. He believes it is his right to do as he pleases, even if it means disrupting the peace of others or being plain rude to them. As a king, Leo thinks everyone should look out for his well-being and comfort. One day, Leo meets a lion cub named Tooey (voiced by Andrea Libman)", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8131775", "score": "0.86959934", "original_retrieval_index": 36 }, { "title": "King (Snow White)", "text": "Welker), a chimeric creature with a lion/dog-like head, the antlers of a deer, chicken leg-like arms, the wings of an eagle, and the body and tail of a snake with a tail-claw at the end of the tail. This Beast lives in the forests near Queen Clementianna's kingdom. In the climax of the film, Snow White encounters Queen Clementianna who reveals that she can control the Beast that has been plaguing the forest and sends it after Snow White. Prince Alcott tries to save Snow White, and after the struggle, the Beast captures the princess. However, the Beast hesitates in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18878592", "score": "0.8695853", "original_retrieval_index": 37 }, { "title": "The Lion King (franchise)", "text": "of The Lion King from Timon's point-of-view was released on February 24. 2012 for iOS devices. The story is set in a kingdom of anthropomorphic animals in Africa known as the Pride Lands, where a lion rules over the other animals as king. \"The Lion King\" begins when Rafiki, a mandrill, anoints Simba, the newborn son of King Mufasa and Queen Sarabi, presenting him to a gathering of animals at the Pride Rock. Simba is next seen as a young cub, with Mufasa teaching him about the \"Circle of Life\". Simba's uncle and Mufasa's brother Scar plots to take the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14153157", "score": "0.8682366", "original_retrieval_index": 39 }, { "title": "Hakuna Matata (song)", "text": "I Need\". \"Hakuna matata\" is a phrase in Swahili that is frequently translated as \"no worries\". In a bonus features of \"The Lion King\" Special Edition DVD, the film's production team claims that it picked up the term from a tour guide while on safari in Kenya. It was then developed into an ideology that, along with the seemingly antithetical value of duty to the monarchy, is central to the moral content of the film. The title phrase is pronounced with American English phonology within the song, including a flapped \"t\", rather than as it is pronounced in Swahili. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9042716", "score": "0.8667615", "original_retrieval_index": 41 }, { "title": "The Lion King", "text": "it appears as if the word \"SEX\" might have been embedded into the dust flying in the sky when Simba flops down, which conservative activist Donald Wildmon asserted was a subliminal message intended to promote sexual promiscuity. Animator Tom Sito has stated that the letters spell \"SFX\" (a common abbreviation for \"special effects\"), not with an \"E\" instead of the \"F\", and were intended as an innocent \"signature\" created by the effects animation team. Hyena biologists protested against the animal's portrayal: one hyena researcher sued Disney studios for defamation of character, and another—who had organized the animators' visit to the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "895818", "score": "0.86653864", "original_retrieval_index": 42 }, { "title": "The Lion King 1½ (video game)", "text": "are solo, cooperative and team mode. Solo mode lets the player play as either Timon or Pumbaa in a platforming gameplay completing levels. In cooperative mode, players alternate between both characters to solve puzzles and complete tasks. In team players use both the characters with Timon riding Pumbaa in chase sequences where they have to make sure he does not hit any obstacle. After each of the chapters are completed, players are awarded with special puzzle pieces. Upon collecting all of the puzzle pieces, an image of Hakuna Matata is displayed and five additional bonus levels are unlocked as well", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18246332", "score": "0.8663045", "original_retrieval_index": 43 }, { "title": "Nala (The Lion King)", "text": "to get used to because she had grown accustomed to working with several other actors at a time on the sets of her live-action films. For \"The Lion King\", a director would often take the place of another actor for Kelly to act opposite of. Vocally, Kelly decided to approach the role as though she were reading to a child, explaining, \"it's kind of fun to play with different voices and try to color the lines for the child so they can imagine it more fully\", which she admitted is different than how the actress would approach a live-action role.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6731089", "score": "0.8653246", "original_retrieval_index": 45 }, { "title": "Motu Patlu: King of Kings", "text": "lion to win, Motu while refreshing in the river, a group of fish joined together and make the face of the lion which falls in the hill. The lion advised motu to lead the animal army to defeat Narsimha. but a small deer saw all these and said to his friends. Animals were anger on them. However, motu convinced them and made the team to defeat Narsimha. Narsimha went to a place where the gold is behind the rocks and ordered his team to take the gold. A scientist comes there and said about his invention it was the hybrid", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19784462", "score": "0.86482626", "original_retrieval_index": 46 }, { "title": "Lion", "text": "penis has spines that point backward. During withdrawal of the penis, the spines rake the walls of the female's vagina, which may cause ovulation. A lioness may mate with more than one male when she is in heat. Generation length of the lion is about seven years. The average gestation period is around 110 days; the female gives birth to a litter of between one and four cubs in a secluded den, which may be a thicket, a reed-bed, a cave, or some other sheltered area, usually away from the pride. She will often hunt alone while the cubs are", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "474221", "score": "0.8638848", "original_retrieval_index": 48 }, { "title": "Lion (video game)", "text": "Lion (video game) Lion is an animal simulation game where the player plays the role of a lion. It is a follow-up to \"Wolf\". The gameplay is divided into two parts. The first is a sandbox simulation mode, where the player has no predetermined goal. The second is a scenario mode, where the player has to complete specific actions; this is comparable to quests given in RPGs. As in the original, the player takes on the role of a lion chosen from a pool of 20 different animals, with varying attributes, in existing prides or handpicked groups made by the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8648716", "score": "0.8619314", "original_retrieval_index": 49 } ]

[ "6" ]

[ { "title": "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)", "text": "from the live-action films (although Lee and Jackson did not reprise their roles in the series). Season 1 shows a wide variety of battles and adventures with Grievous and Dooku as the lead antagonists. Many of the episodes are stand-alone, but a common thread throughout the season is that the Republic and the Separatists attempt to convince various planets and races to side with them. In Season 2, the Sith resort to hiring bounty hunters and mercenaries to steal objects and intel or to assassinate targets for them. Meanwhile, the Jedi lead the Republic forces in an assault on the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9951909", "score": "1.0682876", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Star Wars: Clone Wars (2003 TV series)", "text": "the Confederacy of Independent Systems and the Sith. The series is notable for introducing the characters of General Grievous and Asajj Ventress to the \"Star Wars\" universe. The series aired on Cartoon Network for three seasons consisting of 25 episodes from 2003 to 2005, and was the first \"Star Wars\" television series since \"Ewoks\" in 1986. The first two seasons of \"Clone Wars\", known together as \"Volume One\", were produced in a two- to three-minute \"micro\" format, while the third and final season consisted of five fifteen-minute episodes making up \"Volume Two\". Both volumes were later released on home video", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3801297", "score": "1.03661", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)", "text": "primary battle droid manufacturing facility. The first half of both Season 3 and Season 4 are diplomatic in nature; Season 3, in particular, has many stories that take place away from the battlefield. How different races and planets are affected by the galaxy-wide war are shown, as well as how the Republic Senate can make a bigger difference than even the Jedi Council at times. The first half of Season 3 is used mainly to make the Clone Wars series more cohesive as these first episodes created better chronology, setting themselves in and among the previous two seasons' episodes. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9951910", "score": "1.0293217", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Star Wars: Clone Wars (2003 TV series)", "text": "of 10 episodes, lasting 3 minutes each. Along with season 1, it was released on DVD as \"Volume One\". The third and final season consisted of 5 episodes, lasting 12 minutes each. These episodes were released on DVD as \"Volume Two\". In 2009, \"Clone Wars\" was ranked 21 on IGN's \"Top 100 Animated Series\" list. Both volumes were distributed by 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. Star Wars: Clone Wars (2003 TV series) Star Wars: Clone Wars is an American animated television micro-series adapted, directed, produced and co-written by Genndy Tartakovsky, set in the \"Star Wars\" universe. Produced and released between", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3801309", "score": "1.0239793", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)", "text": "to be aired separately from \"The Clone Wars\", as a feature-length pilot for a spin-off show that never materialized. For the 2019 revival, the remaining episodes of the series will be exclusively available on Disney+. Warner Bros. Home Entertainment distributed the videodisc releases of the first five seasons, while Walt Disney Home Entertainment handled the videodisc release of the sixth season as \"Star Wars: The Clone Wars – The Lost Missions\". Apart from the season-by-season videodisc sets, there were also three special DVD releases consisting of four episodes from a particular season that reflected a certain story arc or theme:", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9951922", "score": "1.0203857", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)", "text": "storytelling and quality animation make the sixth season of \"Star Wars: The Clone Wars\" a fitting end to the series.\" On Metacritic, the first season has a weighted average score of 64 out of 100 based on 9 critics, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\". On July 11, 2008, television critics were shown a completed episode of the series. \"The Hollywood Reporter\"s Live Feed blog called the footage \"likely the most photo-realistic animated TV series ever produced.\" On August 31, 2008, a sneak peek of the new series was shown on Cartoon Network. IGN named it the 89th best animated series. They", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9951924", "score": "1.0051862", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Star Wars Rebels", "text": "\"Star Wars\" Celebration, it was announced the fourth season would be its last: it premiered on October 16, 2017, with another one-hour television film, \"Heroes of Mandalore\", and its final episode aired on March 5, 2018. Dave Filoni, Simon Kinberg and Greg Weisman served as executive producers of season one. Weisman left the show after season one. Filoni was also the Supervising Director for the first two seasons, a role he relinquished after accepting a promotion that expanded his creative role into overseeing all Lucasfilm Animation projects; he chose Justin Ridge to succeed him for season three. The series has", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17306089", "score": "0.9885895", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "That '70s Show", "text": "The shift to 1977 during the last half of the first season also allowed the inclusion of the first \"Star Wars\" movie, which premiered in May 1977. Throughout the first two seasons, episodes opened with title cards showing the season/month and year (example: Late Spring, 1977 or June 1977). These, however, were largely abandoned after season 2, with few subsequent episodes using them. However, they were used again in the final episode, i.e. \"December 31, 1979 10:45 a.m.\" From the premiere onward, the episode's year could be determined by the registration tags on Eric's Vista Cruiser at the end of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1949274", "score": "0.98556095", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Star Wars: Clone Wars (2003 TV series)", "text": "served as an executive producer on the series, gave Tartakovsky all the major events during the Clone Wars. The pilot series, produced primarily with traditional animation, originally ran on Cartoon Network. In addition to being shown on television, the episodes were released online simultaneously at the \"Star Wars\" and Cartoon Network websites. The series was heavily advertised by Cartoon Network, and was originally shown immediately before their popular Friday night programming block Fridays. The first season consisted of 10 episodes, lasting 3 minutes each. Along with season 2, it was released on DVD as \"Volume One\". The second season consisted", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3801308", "score": "0.9806098", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "List of Star Wars: The Clone Wars episodes", "text": "On March 11, 2013, Lucasfilm announced that Star Wars: The Clone Wars would be \"winding down,\" effectively canceling the series as Lucasfilm ended its contract with Cartoon Network, following its acquisition by Disney. The unreleased episodes that had already been produced are referred to as \"bonus content.\" On January 16, 2014, the German television network Super RTL announced their plans to air the \"bonus content\" as a sixth season, which would consist of 13 episodes. Season 6, along with the other seasons and the feature film, were made available on Netflix on March 7, 2014.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Star Wars Battlefront II (2017 video game)", "text": "up with the Resistance and transmit the Dreadnought plans to General Leia. She then orders them to head to the Outer Rim to gather more allies. It was confirmed during EA Play 2017 that there would not be a season pass; rather, all downloadable content will be free for all players and will be included in events called Seasons. The first Season expansion, \"The Last Jedi\" Season was released on December 5 and is centered around , the eighth film in the \"Star Wars\" saga which was released on December 15, 2017. It features a space map over D'Qar, the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20081833", "score": "0.9774015", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)", "text": "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series) Star Wars: The Clone Wars is an American 3D CGI animated television series created by George Lucas and produced by Lucasfilm Animation, Lucasfilm and CGCG Inc. The series began with released on August 15, 2008, and debuted on Cartoon Network on October 3, 2008. It is set in the fictional \"Star Wars\" galaxy during the three years between the prequel films \"\" and \"\", the same time period as the previous 2D 2003 TV series \"\". Each episode has a running time of 22 minutes to fill a half-hour time slot. Dave", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9951906", "score": "0.971294", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)", "text": "not focus on Anakin Skywalker's story; with episodes dedicated to clone troopers and other characters. Lucas revealed further information in a fan interview, a new character named Ahsoka Tano, over 100 episodes and a possible appearance by Boba Fett. The first trailer for the series was released on the official \"Star Wars\" website on May 8, 2007. In an interview in the September 24, 2007 issue of \"TV Guide\", Lucas confirmed that 39 episodes of the series have been completed. On April 8, 2007, \"Ain't It Cool News\" reported that musician Eric Rigler had recorded music for the series. Rigler", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9951917", "score": "0.96650136", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)", "text": "about the characters and events playing out on screen. On July 19, 2018, Lucasfilm announced at San Diego Comic-Con that \"Star Wars: The Clone Wars\" would return with 12 new episodes of Season 7 to be released on Disney+. At April 2005's Star Wars Celebration III, Lucas stated that \"we are working on a 3-D continuation of the that was on the Cartoon Network; we probably won't start that project for another year.\" In July 2005, pre-production had begun on the series, according to Steve Sansweet, head of Lucasfilm fan relations. Sansweet referred to the series as \"the next generation", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9951913", "score": "0.9657972", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)", "text": "of the series, beginning March 7, 2014. A project known as \"The Clone Wars Legacy\" adapted unproduced story arcs into other formats, such as comics and novels. In , Lucasfilm announced at San Diego Comic-Con that the series would be revived with 12 new episodes to be released on Disney+. After viewing some of the completed footage of the early episodes on a big screen, the production team decided to weave the first few planned episodes together to form a . Christopher Lee, Anthony Daniels, and Samuel L. Jackson reprised their roles as Count Dooku, C-3PO, and Mace Windu, respectively,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9951908", "score": "0.96275425", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)", "text": "games listed below: Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series) Star Wars: The Clone Wars is an American 3D CGI animated television series created by George Lucas and produced by Lucasfilm Animation, Lucasfilm and CGCG Inc. The series began with released on August 15, 2008, and debuted on Cartoon Network on October 3, 2008. It is set in the fictional \"Star Wars\" galaxy during the three years between the prequel films \"\" and \"\", the same time period as the previous 2D 2003 TV series \"\". Each episode has a running time of 22 minutes to fill a half-hour", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9951931", "score": "0.9558145", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Clone Wars (Star Wars)", "text": "the backdrop of the Clone Wars. The show offers additional details about the clone army's creation, depicts numerous confrontations and developments from the conflict, and portrays the interaction between the clone troopers and their Jedi commanders. The series reveals that each clone has an \"inhibitor chip\" in his body that makes most of them obey Order 66. The series is set to return for another 12 episodes, on Disney’s new streaming device, in fall 2019. The prequel trilogy brought an end to Lucas's embargo on licensed material set during the Clone Wars. As such, Lucas Licensing sanctioned several novels and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1989552", "score": "0.95243907", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Star Wars: Clone Wars (2003 TV series)", "text": "Company purchased Lucasfilm in 2012. \"Star Wars: Clone Wars\" is part of the \"Star Wars\" prequel storyline, surrounding the fall of esteemed Jedi Knight Anakin Skywalker and his subsequent transformation into the Sith Lord Darth Vader. The series begins in the year 22 BBY, a few months following \"\". The Clone Wars have just begun, with the failing Galactic Republic and the Jedi Order under siege from the Confederacy of Independent Systems wishing to secede from Galactic society with the help of the Sith. As the war rages, more and more planets slip from Republic control. Both the Jedi and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3801299", "score": "0.952273", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)", "text": "films as well as the \"Star Wars Holiday Special\", \"Star Wars\" radio adaptations, \"\" and \"\", confirmed in June 2006 that he had been contracted for the series. In a video interview with Rob Coleman from Imagina 2007 divulged that there were 15 episodes in production, one episode was complete, he was going to direct 5 of the first 22 episodes, reaction from licensees was very positive, and that final assembly of shows is done at Skywalker Ranch. At Lucas's March 3, 2007 appearance at the 2007 PaleyFest, Lucas revealed that the series would be episodic, and as such would", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9951916", "score": "0.9462183", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)", "text": "announced that \"The Clone Wars\" would be \"winding down\" to focus on the \"Star Wars\" sequel trilogy and a new series, \"Star Wars Rebels\". On February 13, 2014, Netflix announced that starting on March 7, 2014 they would begin the US distribution of the entire TV series, including some previously unreleased director's cuts, and the previously unaired new season dubbed \"The Lost Missions\". The latter also became available for purchase on digital video stores, such as iTunes, in . In November 2016, Pablo Hidalgo from the Lucasfilm story group revealed that the \"Young Padawans\" arc from Season 5 was intended", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9951921", "score": "0.9389796", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Star Wars: Clone Wars (2003 TV series)", "text": "Star Wars: Clone Wars (2003 TV series) Star Wars: Clone Wars is an American animated television micro-series adapted, directed, produced and co-written by Genndy Tartakovsky, set in the \"Star Wars\" universe. Produced and released between the films \"\" and \"\", it is the first of many works to explore the conflict set between the two known as the Clone Wars, and directly leads to the events of \"Revenge of the Sith\". The show follows the actions of various characters from the \"Star Wars\" prequel trilogy, notably Jedi Knights and clone troopers, in their war against the battle droid armies of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3801296", "score": "0.93793005", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Clone Wars (Star Wars)", "text": "Clone Wars (Star Wars) The Clone Wars, occasionally referred to in the singular as the Clone War, are conflicts in the \"Star Wars\" franchise by George Lucas. Though mentioned briefly in the first \"Star Wars\" film (1977), the conflicts themselves are not depicted until \"\" (2002) and \"\" (2005). The Clone Wars are also the setting for three eponymous projects: (2003–2005), (2008), and (2008–present). They have featured in numerous \"Star Wars\" books and games. Within the \"Star Wars\" narrative, the Clone Wars involve a three-year war fought to prevent thousands of planetary systems from seceding from the Galactic Republic and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1989541", "score": "0.9332462", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Star Wars (UK comics)", "text": "Sith\" in 2002 and 2005 respectively. The issue numbering would begin again from issue 1 upon the launch of each volume. Following the launch of the \"\" animated TV series in 2008, a new volume of the comic would begin when a new season of the TV show began airing, meaning there would typically be a new volume each year. The fifth volume was launched in 2009, now being published under the name \"Star Wars: The Clone Wars Comic\", running for thirteen issues. The comic underwent a redesign at this time, featuring only a single comic strip per issue, which", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14111606", "score": "0.93251765", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)", "text": "disclosed that each planet in the \"Star Wars\" galaxy would have its own theme music. The episode Mr. Rigler performed on was based on Bulgarian music and played on Uilleann pipes. Kevin Kiner composed the original score for each episode. Stuart Snyder, who oversaw Cartoon Network and other Turner Broadcasting System cable networks from 2007 to 2014, said he became interested in the new \"Clone Wars\" series immediately upon starting the job in May 2007. Snyder flew out to San Francisco, California to screen several episodes, and told Lucas the only place he wanted to see the show was on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9951918", "score": "0.9285229", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)", "text": "2010, at the San Diego Comic-Con, Craig Glenday, editor of the Guinness World Records, presented \"Star Wars: The Clone Wars\" supervising director Dave Filoni, CG supervisor Joel Aron, and lead designer Kilian Plunkett a certificate proclaiming the cartoon series \"the highest rated sci-fi animation currently on television\". In 2014, WatchMojo.com ranked \"Star Wars: The Clone Wars\" as the seventh-best cartoon to have gotten cancelled. \"Tech Times\" said that, \"while the \"Star Wars\" prequel films fail to make audiences care about characters like Anakin Skywalker, \"The Clone Wars\" succeeds.\" At the time of cancellation in March 2013, 65 more episodes were", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9951926", "score": "0.9282061", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Star Wars: The Card Game", "text": "four-month seasons each year (Spring, Summer, and Winter), players can find a large variety of tournaments, game nights, and leagues at their local stores. Seasonal events are a place for newer players to experience organized tournaments and experienced players to try a new deck or alternative format, such as 2v2. Store Championships kick off Organized Play each year in style. With Store Championships, you will find players of varying skill, more prizes than your weekly game night or league, and loads of fun. Store Championships are also a great chance to play in a more competitive event at your local", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17786882", "score": "0.92422664", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Clone Wars Adventures", "text": "\"Clone Wars Adventures\" was set in the Jedi Temple on Coruscant set between Episodes II and III of Star Wars. Here players can interact with popular Clone Wars characters like Anakin Skywalker, Mace Windu, Yoda, and Obi-Wan Kenobi, and play more than 20 different mini-games including Lightsaber Duel, Republic Defender, a tower defense game, and Speeder Bike Racing. Other mini-games are campaign based on Seasons 3, 4, and 5 from Star Wars the Clone Wars. Players can challenge each other in multi-player games to win Credits. Even though the game is based on the Jedi temple, players can travel to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12484119", "score": "0.9206271", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Star Wars: The Clone Wars – Republic Heroes", "text": "place between and of the television series. The game's primary antagonists are bounty hunter Cad Bane, Skakoan mercenary Kul Teska and Sith Lord Count Dooku along with his apprentice Asajj Ventress. The game allows players to play as Jedi Knights, clone troopers and other characters, and contains 40 missions. The gameplay changes on certain missions. On missions with Jedi characters, it is platforming based. On missions with Clone characters, it is third-person shooting based. The game has a similar visual look to the on which it is based. The feel of the game is similar to LucasArts' 2005 video game,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13360600", "score": "0.91977596", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Star Wars (Indian TV series)", "text": "Star Wars (Indian TV series) Star Wars () is a 2017-2018 Indian-Tamil language Celebrity Couples stunt/dare reality-comedy game show, based on the American Fear Factor. That airs on Sun TV from 5 November 2017 to 17 June 2018 on every Sunday at 12:00PM (IST) for 32 Episodes. The Contestants of is popular Television and Film artist and Hosted by Abi and Kathir in the first season and Abi and Vikram in the second season. The Show first season winners are Nancy Jennifer and Ramakrishnan and the second season winners are Nimmi and Aravind. The second season has been started from", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20423973", "score": "0.91897744", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)", "text": "nature of the Force. On December 5, 2011, a full-length feature cut of one of the Season 3 trilogies of episodes (the one composed by \"Nightsisters,\" \"Monster,\" and \"Witches of the Mist\") was released for download on iTunes as an uninterrupted movie that was previously shown at selected screenings in 2010. The three episodes were written by Katie Lucas, who had previously written the Season 1 episode \"Jedi Crash\" as well as the Season 3 episodes \"Sphere of Influence\" and \"Assassin.\" A repeat of season one aired in \"decoded\" episode format. Each installment contained unobtrusive text windows giving supplemental information", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9951912", "score": "0.91751456", "original_retrieval_index": 32 } ]

[ "Chilliwack" ]

[ { "title": "She's Gone, Gone, Gone", "text": "She's Gone, Gone, Gone \"She's Gone Gone Gone\" is a country music song written by Harlan Howard and originally recorded by American singer Lefty Frizzell. Frizzell's version of the song reached number 12 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. An uncredited review in \"Billboard\" said that the song has a \"catchy rhythm but sad lyric\" and that Frizzell \"performs in his top fashion\". In 1984, Carl Jackson covered the song. His version, released as his debut single for Columbia Records, peaked at number 44 on the same chart. \"She's Gone, Gone, Gone\" was also a single by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15807101", "score": "1.104508", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "She's Gone, Gone, Gone", "text": "American country music artist Glen Campbell. It was released in September 1989 as the first single from the album \"Walkin' in the Sun\". The song reached number 6 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. Campbell's version was his last Top 10 hit on this chart, and his only release for Jimmy Bowen's short-lived Universal label. The album itself was released via Capitol Records. She's Gone, Gone, Gone \"She's Gone Gone Gone\" is a country music song written by Harlan Howard and originally recorded by American singer Lefty Frizzell. Frizzell's version of the song reached number 12 on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15807102", "score": "1.0358336", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "This Little Girl's Gone Rockin'", "text": "This Little Girl's Gone Rockin' \"This Little Girl's Gone Rockin\" is a 1958 rhythm and blues single performed by Ruth Brown and released on Atlantic Records as Atlantic 1197 in the week of August 25. The song was written by Bobby Darin and Mann Curtis. It reached number 24 in Billboard's pop charts. It was later covered by Glenda Collins, but her version remained unissued until the 1990s. Similarly Alma Cogan recorded it in 1958, but this was also unissued at the time. A version by Janice Peters was released in the UK in 1958 but was not a hit.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9163380", "score": "1.0154138", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "This Little Girl's Gone Rockin'", "text": "In 2006, Hummer used the song in one of their H3 commercials. Rosie Flores covered the song on her 2009 album \"Girl Of The Century\" recorded with The Pine Valley Cosmonauts released on Bloodshot Records. This Little Girl's Gone Rockin' \"This Little Girl's Gone Rockin\" is a 1958 rhythm and blues single performed by Ruth Brown and released on Atlantic Records as Atlantic 1197 in the week of August 25. The song was written by Bobby Darin and Mann Curtis. It reached number 24 in Billboard's pop charts. It was later covered by Glenda Collins, but her version remained unissued", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9163381", "score": "1.010714", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Gone (Kelly Clarkson song)", "text": "Gone (Kelly Clarkson song) \"Gone\" is a song by American recording artist Kelly Clarkson, from her second studio album, \"Breakaway\" (2004). Written by Kara DioGuardi and co-written and produced by John Shanks, \"Gone\" is a pop song about a woman leaving her lover in search for a better relationship. \"Gone\" was well received my music critics, though it garnered comparisons with similarly-titled \"Since U Been Gone\". Two years after \"Breakaway\"s release, \"Gone\" charted in the \"Billboard\" Pop 100 chart at number 77. Clarkson has also performed the song in concert tours, primarily during the Breakaway World Tour from 2005–06 and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7350957", "score": "1.010504", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Who Knew", "text": "hers. Upon its release, \"Who Knew\" was well received by music critics, who acclaimed it as a solid song on the album and lauded the lyrical content. It faced comparisons for having similarities with Kelly Clarkson's 2004 single \"Since U Been Gone\", also written by Martin and Dr. Luke. The song was commercially successful worldwide, where it peaked in the top five in countries including Australia, the United Kingdom, and component charts in the United States. In addition, the song is also Pink's longest chart runner on the Hot 100, spending 36 weeks before dropping out. \"Who Knew\" became one", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7465264", "score": "1.0101831", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "My Girl Has Gone", "text": "My Girl Has Gone \"My Girl Has Gone\" is a 1965 R&B single recorded by The Miracles for Motown's Tamla label. Included on their 1965 album \"Going to a Go-Go\", \"My Girl Has Gone\" was the follow-up to the group's number 16 \"Billboard\" Hot 100 million-selling hit \"The Tracks Of My Tears\". Written by Miracles members Smokey Robinson, Ronnie White, Pete Moore, and Marv Tarplin, the single was a Top 20 Pop hit, peaking at number 14 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in the United States, and was also a Top 5 R&B hit, peaking at number three on \"Billboard's\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11749016", "score": "0.99872285", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Gone, Gone, Gone (song)", "text": "Phillips The song is in F♯ major. www.youtube.com/watch?v=GV2yMnzWkkc \"Gone, Gone, Gone\" received positive reviews from music critics. Music blog \"POP! Goes The Charts\" stated that \"it's a solid recording... a much stronger release than \"Home\",\" comparing the arrangement to the John Butler Trio. Lynsey Parker of Yahoo Music wrote that, as a \"rousing folk-rock anthem filled with stompy marching-band beats, chanty choruses, winsome guitars, and declarations of undying loyalty, \"Gone, Gone, Gone\" is arguably just as catchy as \"Home,\" if not more so.\" Digital Journal called it \"a breath of fresh air\", while Grady Smith of \"Entertainment Weekly\" thought the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17000420", "score": "0.9956857", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Endless Sleep", "text": "among others. Hank Williams, Jr.'s version was a modest country music chart success. Endless Sleep \"Endless Sleep\" is a \"teenage tragedy\" pop song written and originally recorded by rockabilly singer Jody Reynolds in 1958. Reynolds wrote the song in 1956, after listening to Elvis Presley's \"Heartbreak Hotel\", and first performed it soon afterwards at a performance in Yuma, Arizona. The song told the story of a teenager whose girlfriend had gone missing after a row: The night was black, rain fallin' down<br>Looked for my baby, she's nowhere around<br>Traced her footsteps down to the shore<br>Afraid she's gone for ever more Although", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16042907", "score": "0.9932997", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Chilliwack (band)", "text": "Chilliwack is a Canadian rock band centered on the singer and guitarist Bill Henderson, which started off with a more Progressive rock sound that incorporated elements of folk, jazz, and blues, before moving towards a more straight-ahead hard rock/pop rock sound by the mid-70s. They were active from 1970 to 1988, while Henderson reformed the band in 1997. Their six best-selling songs were \"My Girl (Gone, Gone, Gone)\", \"I Believe\", \"Whatcha Gonna Do\", \"Fly At Night\", \"Crazy Talk\", and \"Lonesome Mary\". The band's lineup has changed many times while they have continued to tour across Canada.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Gone Country (song)", "text": "Vegas from Long Island, New York; a folk rocker in Greenwich Village; and a \"serious composer schooled in voice and composition\" who lives in the San Fernando Valley), all of whom find that their respective careers are failing, and as a result, they decide to begin performing country music instead. Alan Jackson said about the song: \"Bob McDill wrote this and he is one of my favorite writers of all time. When I first heard this song I fell in love with it. I wish that I'd written it cause it says a lot of things that I'd like to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11528247", "score": "0.99268615", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Too Gone, Too Long", "text": "the top forty of the New Zealand Singles Chart and peaked at number 45 on the Single Top 100 chart in the Netherlands. An accompanying music video \"Too Gone, Too Long\" was directed by Francis Lawrence. Credits adapted from the liner notes of \"EV3\". Too Gone, Too Long \"Too Gone, Too Long\" is a song by all-female American R&B group En Vogue. Written by Diane Warren and produced by longtime collaborator David Foster, it was recorded for their third album, \"EV3\" (1997). A power ballad that blends pop and contemporary R&B elements, it was selected as the album's third and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8758203", "score": "0.9899808", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Gone, Gone, Gone (song)", "text": "The song was co-written by Derek Fuhrmann, formerly of Omnisoul, Todd Clark, and Gregg Wattenberg. Phillips revealed on December 19, 2012 to Yahoo Canada Music that the second single would be \"Gone, Gone, Gone\". It’s a good little love song. Todd Clark and Derek Fuhrmann, they wrote [it] and brought it to me and I thought it was a beautiful song. The more I’ve played it live, the more I’ve made it more my own and people seem to really connect with it and really enjoy it so I’m excited to see how that song’s going to do.\" - Phillip", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17000419", "score": "0.9888285", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "I May Be Gone for a Long, Long Time", "text": "I May Be Gone for a Long, Long Time \"I May Be Gone for a Long, Long Time\" is a World War I era song released in 1917. It was featured in the 1917 stage production of Raymond Hitchcock and E. Ray Goetz's \"Hitchy-Koo\". Lew Brown wrote the lyrics. Albert Von Tilzer composed the music. The song was published by Broadway Music Corp. of New York, New York. André De Takacs designed the sheet music cover. It features Grace La Rue's image blended into the clouds of an ocean scene. The song was written for both voice and piano. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19355860", "score": "0.9887904", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Desolation Angels (album)", "text": "last strong album by Bad Company with the original lineup, mostly because it contains their last major hit, \"Rock 'n' Roll Fantasy,\" written by Paul Rodgers and inspired by a guitar synthesizer riff that Rodgers had come up with. \"Gone, Gone, Gone\", written by bassist Boz Burrell, also received substantial airplay on rock stations. It was the first of only three songs he ever wrote for the band, but is widely revered as one of the band's finest compositions. The album reached No. 3 on the Billboard album charts in 1979 and went Platinum in 1979 and Double Platinum subsequently.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5044277", "score": "0.98310876", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "She's Gone (Hall & Oates song)", "text": "She's Gone (Hall & Oates song) \"She's Gone\" is a song written and originally performed by pop music duo Daryl Hall and John Oates. It was included on their 1973 album, \"Abandoned Luncheonette\". The song was released as a single in 1974. It was a major hit in Hall & Oates' home market of Philadelphia and peaked nationally at #60 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 Chart. Two years later in 1976, after Hall & Oates had moved to RCA Records and had scored with the hit \"Sara Smile,\" Atlantic Records re-released the original single under a different number (Atlantic 3332).", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12919579", "score": "0.9824297", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "How Long Gone", "text": "How Long Gone \"How Long Gone\" is a song written by Shawn Camp and John Scott Sherrill and recorded by American country music duo Brooks & Dunn. It was released in June 1998 as the second single from their 1998 album \"If You See Her\". The song reached number one on the US \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart in September 1998. The music video was directed by Steven Goldmann. The video starts out with a woman running out of the house, then with the duo playing while spinning around the house with everything rotting,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11987625", "score": "0.982387", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Gone, Gone, Gone (song)", "text": "by Joseph Toman and was shot in Springfield, Missouri and Palm Springs, Los Angeles. The video premiered on Phillips's Vevo site on February 15, 2013. The video starts with the stuttering frames of home movie as it begins to play, and Phillips going on a stroll at sunset. It interspersed shots of Phillips singing with grainy home video footage spanning decades to tell the story of love and family and the human experience. \"I wanted the video to feel generational, not just about the present, but the people before us that paved the way,\" says the director, \"It's a celebration", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17000424", "score": "0.9816531", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "She's Gone (Hall & Oates song)", "text": "to record. Wilson ended up having \"La La Peace Song\" released, which was recorded at the same session. Between the Wilson and Rawls recording sessions, Tavares had their version recorded. By November 2, 1974, Rawls's version was at #95, at its third week in the Billboard Soul chart. She's Gone (Hall & Oates song) \"She's Gone\" is a song written and originally performed by pop music duo Daryl Hall and John Oates. It was included on their 1973 album, \"Abandoned Luncheonette\". The song was released as a single in 1974. It was a major hit in Hall & Oates' home", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12919588", "score": "0.98135316", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Gone, Gone, Gone (song)", "text": "Gone, Gone, Gone (song) \"Gone, Gone, Gone\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Phillip Phillips from his debut album \"The World from the Side of the Moon\". It was released on February 11, 2013 by Interscope Records as the second single from the album. The song was co-written by Derek Fuhrmann, Todd Clark, and Gregg Wattenberg, Wattenberg also produced the song himself. \"Gone, Gone, Gone\" became a commercial success in the United States as it was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), and has sold more than two million digital copies since its release.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17000418", "score": "0.9812442", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Nelly Gray (song)", "text": "but \"She's gone!\" the neighbors say. The white man bound her with his chain; They have taken her to Georgia for to wear her life away, As she toils in the cotton and the cane. My canoe is under water, and my banjo is unstrung; I'm tired of living any more; My eyes shall look downward, and my song shall be unsung While I stay on the old Kentucky shore. My eyes are getting blinded, and I cannot see my way. Hark! there's somebody knocking at the door. Oh! I hear the angels calling, and I see my Nelly Gray.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9454581", "score": "0.97610563", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Teenage Shutdown! \"She's a Pest\"!", "text": "Jimmy \"Mouse\" Morrison. The title track is provided by the obscure Los Angeles band the Insects, from their first of three singles. Additionally, the song \"Gone, Gone, Gone\" is a folk rock number by the Third Evolution prior to the group's name change and progression into psychedelia. A fast-paced composition, \"I Gotta Be Goin'\" by the Plague is one of the more-compiled tracks on the album, as it also appears on \"Louisiana Punk Groups from the Sixties, Volume 2\", and \"Sixties Archive, Volume 3\". Other tracks include the Living Ends' \"Self-Centered Girl\", featuring a future member of the Looking Glass,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19040929", "score": "0.97497416", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Go Gone", "text": "Go Gone \"Go Gone\" is a song by British singer-songwriter Estelle and was the third and final single from her debut album \"The 18th Day\". \"Go Gone\" was remixed by Lenny Kravitz's band in L.A. for single release. \"The 18th Day\" was subsequently re-released with the single remix replacing the original and previous B-side \"Freedom\" added to the track listing. The \"Go Gone\" single was released on 29 March 2005 and underperformed in comparison to previous singles \"1980\" and \"Free\", peaking at number 32 on the UK Singles Chart, remaining in the top 75 for three weeks. The music video", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10184342", "score": "0.97456425", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "So Gone", "text": "So Gone \"So Gone\" is a song by American R&B recording artist Monica. It was one out of several tracks rapper-producer Missy Elliott wrote and produced along with Kenneth Cunningham and Jamahl Rye from production duo Spike & Jamahl for Monica's fourth studio album, \"After the Storm\" (2003), following the delay and subsequent reconstruction of her 2002 album, \"All Eyez on Me\". Incorporating elements of hip hop and 1970s-style smooth jazz as well as soul music, it features a sample from the 1976 song \"You Are Number One\", penned by Zyah Ahmonuel and performed by The Whispers. Following the less", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6494180", "score": "0.9707753", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Already Gone (Kelly Clarkson song)", "text": "long for someone\". Ken Tucker from \"Entertainment Weekly\" said Clarkson \"knows that the anguish she likes to sing about is enjoyed by millions of people as grandiose admissions of vulnerability. Yet the music that delivers that message is anything but vulnerable. There's a reason they call them power ballads: a sad song blasted at full volume is a metaphor for finding strength in pain.\" His point was echoed by Danton of \"The Hartford Courant\", who stated that Clarkson \"pours on the heartache\", and by Greg Kot of the \"Chicago Tribune\", who called the song an \"extravagant ballad\". Mike Ragogna added", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13471103", "score": "0.96931624", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Gone (Bebe Rexha song)", "text": "be the right fit for a sure-to-be-critically-acclaimed performance. It is a delicate ballad tailored for Top 40 radio and one that screams for attention for all the right reasons.\" \"Gone\" debuted on the Australian ARIA Singles Chart for the week commencing April 13, 2015 at No. 87. Gone (Bebe Rexha song) \"Gone\" is a song by Bebe Rexha. It was released worldwide on December 19, 2014. The song tells of the singer lamenting a past love. The chorus contains the lyrics \"'Cause I'm a lost river that'll never reach the sea / When you're not here with me, when you're", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18712820", "score": "0.96677923", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Too Gone, Too Long", "text": "Too Gone, Too Long \"Too Gone, Too Long\" is a song by all-female American R&B group En Vogue. Written by Diane Warren and produced by longtime collaborator David Foster, it was recorded for their third album, \"EV3\" (1997). A power ballad that blends pop and contemporary R&B elements, it was selected as the album's third and finale single and reached number 33 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. It also peaked within the top twenty of the UK Singles Chart and became the group's final top twenty hit there. \"Too Gone, Too Long\" was written by Diane Warren, while production was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8758198", "score": "0.96515524", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "She's Gone (Hall & Oates song)", "text": "about a girlfriend that stood him up on New Year's Eve. John Oates spoke of the song in a 2009 interview with \"American Songwriter\": \"I sat down with the guitar and sang the chorus of 'She's Gone' basically the way that it is. Then I played it for Daryl because I didn't have anything else. It just happened. I said, 'Hey, I’ve got this really great chorus.' And we wrote the verses together. 'She’s Gone' is a song that endures.\" To promote the song, Hall & Oates were asked to lip sync “She’s Gone” for a teenage TV dance show", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12919582", "score": "0.9634683", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Long Time Gone", "text": "was covered by the Dixie Chicks on their 2002 album \"Home\", despite having been written from a male point of view. Released in May 2002 as the lead single from \"Home\", it reached a peak of number 2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart and number 7 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart. Their version won a Grammy Award for Best Country Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group. Long Time Gone \"Long Time Gone\" is a country song by Darrell Scott, originally recorded by him on his 2000 album \"Real Time\" which Scott recorded together with Tim O'Brien.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9541679", "score": "0.96287733", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Kathy Mattea", "text": "single in late 1987 to early 1988 with \"Goin' Gone\". Co-written by Pat Alger and Fred Koller, this song also previously appeared on \"The Last of the True Believers\". Mattea's version was the lead single to her third album \"Untasted Honey\". Following it was \"Eighteen Wheels and a Dozen Roses\", which became her longest-tenured No. 1 single when it spent two weeks in that position. \"Untold Stories\" and \"Life as We Knew It\" were also released from the album, with both reaching the No. 4 position of the country charts. The album also featured bluegrass musician Tim O'Brien, who wrote", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5454303", "score": "0.9627015", "original_retrieval_index": 28 } ]

[ "the financing activities section" ]

[ { "title": "Cash flow statement", "text": "a supplementary report similar to the indirect method if a company chooses to use the direct method. The direct method for creating a cash flow statement reports major classes of gross cash receipts and payments. Under IAS 7, dividends received may be reported under operating activities or under investing activities. If taxes paid are directly linked to operating activities, they are reported under operating activities; if the taxes are directly linked to investing activities or financing activities, they are reported under investing or financing activities. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) vary from International Financial Reporting Standards in that under GAAP", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2669319", "score": "0.9541718", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Cash flow statement", "text": "Cash flow statement In financial accounting, a cash flow statement, also known as statement of cash flows, is a financial statement that shows how changes in balance sheet accounts and income affect cash and cash equivalents, and breaks the analysis down to operating, investing and financing activities. Essentially, the cash flow statement is concerned with the flow of cash in and out of the business. The statement captures both the current operating results and the accompanying changes in the balance sheet. As an analytical tool, the statement of cash flows is useful in determining the short-term viability of a company,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2669311", "score": "0.9221947", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Cash flow statement", "text": "rules, dividends received from a company's investing activities is reported as an \"operating activity,\" not an \"investing activity.\" Sample cash flow statement using the direct method The indirect method uses net-income as a starting point, makes adjustments for all transactions for non-cash items, then adjusts from all cash-based transactions. An increase in an asset account is subtracted from net income, and an increase in a liability account is added back to net income. This method converts accrual-basis net income (or loss) into cash flow by using a series of additions and deductions. The following rules can be followed to calculate", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2669320", "score": "0.91139257", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Cash flow statement", "text": "procedure might be seen as, formula_1 For example, consider a company that has a net income of $100 this year, and its A/R increased by $25 since the beginning of the year. If the balances of all other current assets, long term assets and current liabilities did not change over the year, the cash flows could be determined by the rules above as $100 – $25 = Cash Flows from Operating Activities = $75. The logic is that, if the company made $100 that year (net income), and they are using the accrual accounting system (not cash based) then any", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2669322", "score": "0.8974484", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Cash flow statement", "text": "of XYZ: Cash flow statement In financial accounting, a cash flow statement, also known as statement of cash flows, is a financial statement that shows how changes in balance sheet accounts and income affect cash and cash equivalents, and breaks the analysis down to operating, investing and financing activities. Essentially, the cash flow statement is concerned with the flow of cash in and out of the business. The statement captures both the current operating results and the accompanying changes in the balance sheet. As an analytical tool, the statement of cash flows is useful in determining the short-term viability of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2669325", "score": "0.8934277", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Dividend", "text": "dividend’s safety is to replace earnings by free cash flow. The free cash flow represents the company’s available cash based on its operating business after investments: \"Payout Ratio = (Dividends per Share (DPS) / Free Cash Flow per Share) x 100\" A dividend that is declared must be approved by a company's board of directors before it is paid. For public companies, four dates are relevant regarding dividends: Declaration date — the day the board of directors announces its intention to pay a dividend. On that day, a liability is created and the company records that liability on its books;", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "521973", "score": "0.8924612", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Cash flow statement", "text": "income they generated that year which has not yet been paid for in cash should be subtracted from the net income figure in order to find cash flows from operating activities. And the increase in A/R meant that $25 of sales occurred on credit and have not yet been paid for in cash. In the case of finding Cash Flows when there is a change in a fixed asset account, say the Buildings and Equipment account decreases, the change is added back to Net Income. The reasoning behind this is that because Net Income is calculated by, Net Income =", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2669323", "score": "0.8813888", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Free cash flow", "text": "available to pay off the company's short term debt. It should also take into account any dividends that the company means to pay. Net Free Cash Flow = Operation Cash flow – Capital Expenses to keep current level of operation – dividends – Current Portion of long term debt – Depreciation Here Capex Definition should not include additional investment on new equipment. However maintenance cost can be added. Dividends - This will be base dividend that the company intends to distribute to its share holders. Current portion of LTD - This will be minimum debt that the company needs to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3215861", "score": "0.8781254", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Cash flow statement", "text": "Rev - Cogs - Depreciation Exp - Other Exp then the Net Income figure will be decreased by the building's depreciation that year. This depreciation is not associated with an exchange of cash, therefore the depreciation is added back into net income to remove the non-cash activity. Finding the Cash Flows from Financing Activities is much more intuitive and needs little explanation. Generally, the things to account for are financing activities: In the case of more advanced accounting situations, such as when dealing with subsidiaries, the accountant must A traditional equation for this might look something like, Example: cash flow", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2669324", "score": "0.87639177", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Cash flow statement", "text": "Financing activities include the inflow of cash from investors such as banks and shareholders, as well as the outflow of cash to shareholders as dividends as the company generates income. Other activities which impact the long-term liabilities and equity of the company are also listed in the financing activities section of the cash flow statement.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Cash flow statement", "text": "Cash Flows from Operating Activities when given only a two-year comparative balance sheet and the Net Income figure. Cash Flows from Operating Activities can be found by adjusting Net Income relative to the change in beginning and ending balances of Current Assets, Current Liabilities, and sometimes Long Term Assets. When comparing the change in long term assets over a year, the accountant must be certain that these changes were caused entirely by their devaluation rather than purchases or sales (i.e. they must be operating items not providing or using cash) or if they are nonoperating items. The intricacies of this", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2669321", "score": "0.87345433", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Cash flow statement", "text": "product as well as collecting payment from its customers. This could include purchasing raw materials, building inventory, advertising, and shipping the product. Under IAS 7, operating cash flows include: Items which are added back to [or subtracted from, as appropriate] the net income figure (which is found on the Income Statement) to arrive at cash flows from operations generally include: Examples of Investing activities are Financing activities include the inflow of cash from investors such as banks and shareholders, as well as the outflow of cash to shareholders as dividends as the company generates income. Other activities which impact the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2669317", "score": "0.87306315", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Cash flow statement", "text": "to match revenues with the expenses associated with generating those revenues. The cash flow statement includes only inflows and outflows of cash and cash equivalents; it excludes transactions that do not directly affect cash receipts and payments. These non-cash transactions include depreciation or write-offs on bad debts or credit losses to name a few. The cash flow statement is a cash basis report on three types of financial activities: operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities. Non-cash activities are usually reported in footnotes. The cash flow statement is intended to The cash flow statement has been adopted as a standard", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2669313", "score": "0.8683927", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Cash flow statement", "text": "financial statement because it eliminates allocations, which might be derived from different accounting methods, such as various timeframes for depreciating fixed assets. Cash basis financial statements were very common before accrual basis financial statements. The \"flow of funds\" statements of the past were cash flow statements. In 1863, the Dowlais Iron Company had recovered from a business slump, but had no cash to invest for a new blast furnace, despite having made a profit. To explain why there were no funds to invest, the manager made a new financial statement that was called a \"comparison balance sheet\", which showed that", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2669314", "score": "0.85928965", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Operating cash flow", "text": "of how much cash a company has generated (or used) than traditional measures of profitability such as net income or EBIT. For example, a company with numerous fixed assets on its books (e.g. factories, machinery, etc.) would likely have decreased net income due to depreciation; however, as depreciation is a non-cash expense the operating cash flow would provide a more accurate picture of the company's current cash holdings than the artificially low net income. Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) is a non-GAAP metric that can be used to evaluate a company's profitability based on net working capital.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4606044", "score": "0.8392484", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Stock option expensing", "text": "the market price of the shares- is already stated on the cash flow statement. They would also point out that a separate loss in earnings per share (due to the existence of more shares outstanding) is also recorded on the balance sheet by noting the dilution of shares outstanding. Simply, accounting for this on the income statement is believed to be redundant to them. Note: Currently, the future appreciation of all shares issued are not accounted for on the income statement but can be noted upon examination of the balance sheet and cash flow statement. The two methods to calculate", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8428921", "score": "0.82674694", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Dividend", "text": "of investment income and are usually taxable to the recipient in the year they are paid. This is the most common method of sharing corporate profits with the shareholders of the company. For each share owned, a declared amount of money is distributed. Thus, if a person owns 100 shares and the cash dividend is 50 cents per share, the holder of the stock will be paid $50. Dividends paid are not classified as an expense, but rather a deduction of retained earnings. Dividends paid does not show up on an income statement but does appear on the balance sheet.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "521968", "score": "0.8237948", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "T-model", "text": "its asset base also grows at \"g\", and debt/equity ratio is held constant, so that net worth grows at \"g\". Then the amount of earnings retained for reinvestment will have to be \"gBV\". After paying dividends, there may be an excess: formula_6 where \"XCF\" = excess cash flow, \"E\" = earnings, \"Div\" = dividends, and \"BV\" = book value. The company may have money left over after paying dividends and financing growth, or it may have a shortfall. In other words, \"XCF\" may be positive (company has money with which it can repurchase shares) or negative (company must issue shares).", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12311100", "score": "0.8234043", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Business valuation", "text": "revenues or expenses, changes in capital structure, or other financial trends. How the subject company compares to the industry will help with the risk assessment and ultimately help determine the discount rate and the selection of market multiples. It is important to mention that among the financial statements, the primary statement to show the liquidity of the company is cash flow. Cash flow shows the company's cash in and out flow. The key objective of normalization is to identify the ability of the business to generate income for its owners. A measure of the income is the amount of cash", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5116718", "score": "0.8170384", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Corporate finance", "text": "excess cash to shareholders as dividends. This is the general case, however there are exceptions. For example, shareholders of a \"growth stock\", expect that the company will, almost by definition, retain most of the excess cash surplus so as to fund future projects internally to help increase the value of the firm. Management must also choose the \"form\" of the dividend distribution, as stated, generally as cash dividends or via a share buyback. Various factors may be taken into consideration: where shareholders must pay tax on dividends, firms may elect to retain earnings or to perform a stock buyback, in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16296059", "score": "0.81248724", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Cash flow statement", "text": "No. 95 (FAS 95) mandated that firms provide cash flow statements. In 1992, the International Accounting Standards Board issued International Accounting Standard 7 (IAS 7), \"Cash Flow Statement\", which became effective in 1994, mandating that firms provide cash flow statements. US GAAP and IAS 7 rules for cash flow statements are similar, but some of the differences are: The cash flow statement is partitioned into three segments, namely: The money coming into the business is called cash inflow, and money going out from the business is called cash outflow. Operating activities include the production, sales and delivery of the company's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2669316", "score": "0.80653924", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Cash flow statement", "text": "particularly its ability to pay bills. International Accounting Standard 7 (IAS 7), is the International Accounting Standard that deals with cash flow statements. People and groups interested in cash flow statements include: The cash flow statement was previously known as the flow of funds statement. The cash flow statement reflects a firm's liquidity. The statement of financial position is a snapshot of a firm's financial resources and obligations at a single point in time, and the income statement summarizes a firm's financial transactions over an interval of time. These two financial statements reflect the accrual basis accounting used by firms", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2669312", "score": "0.80273783", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization", "text": "Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization A company's earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (commonly abbreviated EBITDA, pronounced , , or ) is an accounting measure calculated using a company's net earnings, before interest expenses, taxes, depreciation, and amortization are subtracted, as a proxy for a company's current operating profitability (i.e., how much profit it makes with its present assets and its operations on the products it produces and sells, as well as providing a proxy for cash flow). Though often shown on an income statement, it is not considered part of the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP)", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2315387", "score": "0.8019325", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Financial accounting", "text": "(HCA) or Constant Purchasing Power Accounting (CPPA). When producing financial statements, they must comply to the following: The statement of cash flows considers the inputs and outputs in concrete cash within a stated period. The general template of a cash flow statement is as follows: \"Cash Inflow - Cash Outflow + Opening Balance = Closing Balance\" Example 1: in the beginning of September, Ellen started out with $5 in her bank account. During that same month, Ellen borrowed $20 from Tom. At the end of the month, Ellen bought a pair of shoes for $7. Ellen's cash flow statement for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2634503", "score": "0.7998419", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "United Kingdom company law", "text": "The Companies Act 2006 states in section 830 that dividends, or any other kind of distribution, can only be given out from surplus profits beyond the legal capital. It is generally the decision of the board of directors, affirmed by a shareholder resolution, whether to declare a dividend or perhaps simply retain the earnings and invest them back into the business to grow and expand. The calculation of companies' assets and liabilities, losses and profits, will follow the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the UK, but this is not an objective, scientific process: a variety of different accounting methods can", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11414026", "score": "0.7980384", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Depreciation", "text": "respectively. Depreciation expense does not require current outlay of cash. However, since depreciation is an expense to the P&L account, provided the enterprise is operating in a manner that covers its expenses (e.g. operating at a profit) depreciation is a source of cash in a statement of cash flows, which generally offsets the cash cost of acquiring new assets required to continue operations when existing assets reach the end of their useful lives. While depreciation expense is recorded on the income statement of a business, its impact is generally recorded in a separate account and disclosed on the balance sheet", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1996414", "score": "0.793007", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Dividend", "text": "firms in India fell from 24 per cent in 2001 to almost 16 per cent in 2009 before rising to 19 per cent in 2010. However, dividend income over and above Rs. 1,000,000 shall attract 10 per cent dividend tax in the hands of the shareholder with effect from April 2016. After a stock goes ex-dividend (i.e. when a dividend has just been paid, so there is no anticipation of another imminent dividend payment), the stock price should drop. To calculate the amount of the drop, the traditional method is to view the financial effects of the dividend from the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "521982", "score": "0.79237396", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Dividend policy", "text": "offset the retainment of current earnings and the internal financing of present investment projects. Management must also choose the \"form\" of the dividend distribution, generally as cash dividends or via a share buyback. Various factors may be taken into consideration: where shareholders must pay tax on dividends, firms may elect to retain earnings or to perform a stock buyback, in both cases increasing the value of shares outstanding. Alternatively, some companies will pay \"dividends\" from stock rather than in cash; see Corporate action. Financial theory suggests that the dividend policy should be set based upon the type of company and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15989522", "score": "0.7918971", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Cash flow statement", "text": "the company was holding too much inventory. This new financial statement was the genesis of cash flow statement that is used today. In the United States in 1973, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) defined rules that made it mandatory under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US GAAP) to report sources and uses of funds, but the definition of \"funds\" was not clear. Net working capital might be cash or might be the difference between current assets and current liabilities. From the late 1970 to the mid-1980s, the FASB discussed the usefulness of predicting future cash flows. In 1987, FASB Statement", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2669315", "score": "0.79142", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Income statement", "text": "Income statement An income statement or profit and loss account (also referred to as a profit and loss statement (P&L), statement of profit or loss, revenue statement, statement of financial performance, earnings statement, operating statement, or statement of operations) is one of the financial statements of a company and shows the company’s revenues and expenses during a particular period. It indicates how the revenues (money received from the sale of products and services before expenses are taken out, also known as the \"“top line”\") are transformed into the net income (the result after all revenues and expenses have been accounted", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2094063", "score": "0.78906256", "original_retrieval_index": 29 } ]

[ "180th meridian or antimeridian", "180th meridian", "antimeridian" ]

[ { "title": "Spherical Earth", "text": "the North Pole, it would have travelled due south from the North Pole to the equator, then west for a quarter of the way around the Earth, and then due north back to the North Pole. In spherical geometry, the sum of angles inside a triangle is greater than 180° (in this example 270°, having arrived back at the north pole a 90° angle to the departure path) unlike on a flat surface, where it is always exactly 180°. A meridian of longitude is a line where local solar noon occurs at the same time each day. These lines define", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1777739", "score": "1.0305713", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "International Date Line", "text": "the 180° meridian exactly. In other places, however, the IDL deviates east or west away from that meridian. These various deviations generally accommodate the political and/or economic affiliations of the affected areas. Proceeding from north to south, the first deviation of the IDL from 180° is to pass to the east of Wrangel Island and the Chukchi Peninsula, the easternmost part of Russian Siberia. (Wrangel Island lies directly on the meridian at 71°32′N 180°0′E, also noted as 71°32′N 180°0′W.) It then passes through the Bering Strait between the Diomede Islands at a distance of from each island at 168°58′37″ W.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2119399", "score": "0.9716646", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Longitude", "text": "the location of a place on Earth east or west of the Prime Meridian. Each degree of longitude is sub-divided into 60 minutes, each of which is divided into 60 seconds. A longitude is thus specified in sexagesimal notation as 23° 27′ 30″ E. For higher precision, the seconds are specified with a decimal fraction. An alternative representation uses degrees and minutes, where parts of a minute are expressed in decimal notation with a fraction, thus: 23° 27.5′ E. Degrees may also be expressed as a decimal fraction: 23.45833° E. For calculations, the angular measure may be converted to radians,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "232322", "score": "0.961714", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Navigation", "text": "the prime meridian or Greenwich meridian. Longitude is usually expressed in degrees (marked with °) ranging from 0° at the Greenwich meridian to 180° east and west. Sydney, for example, has a longitude of about 151° east. New York City has a longitude of 74° west. For most of history, mariners struggled to determine longitude. Longitude can be calculated if the precise time of a sighting is known. Lacking that, one can use a sextant to take a lunar distance (also called \"the lunar observation\", or \"lunar\" for short) that, with a nautical almanac, can be used to calculate the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "290193", "score": "0.9316542", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Spherical coordinate system", "text": "reference meridian (most commonly the IERS Reference Meridian), so its domain is . For positions on the Earth or other solid celestial body, the reference plane is usually taken to be the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation. The polar angle, which is 90° minus the latitude and ranges from 0 to 180°, is called colatitude in geography. Instead of the radial distance, geographers commonly use altitude above or below some reference surface, which may be the sea level or \"mean\" surface level for planets without liquid oceans. The radial distance can be computed from the altitude by adding", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "395336", "score": "0.92841625", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Geographic coordinate system", "text": "of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the Equator and to each other. The North Pole is 90° N; the South Pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the Equator, the fundamental plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The Equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The \"longitude\" (abbreviation: Long., λ, or lambda) of a point on Earth's surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "587059", "score": "0.92093265", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Sea", "text": "ranges from 0° at the equator to 90° at the poles) was determined by measuring the angle between the Sun, Moon or a specific star and the horizon by the use of an astrolabe, Jacob's staff or sextant. The longitude (a line on the globe joining the two poles) could only be calculated with an accurate chronometer to show the exact time difference between the ship and a fixed point such as the Greenwich Meridian. In 1759, John Harrison, a clockmaker, designed such an instrument and James Cook used it in his voyages of exploration. Nowadays, the Global Positioning System", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12323926", "score": "0.92075366", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Longitude", "text": "Longitude Longitude (, ), is a geographic coordinate that specifies the east–west position of a point on the Earth's surface. It is an angular measurement, usually expressed in degrees and denoted by the Greek letter lambda (λ). Meridians (lines running from pole to pole) connect points with the same longitude. By convention, one of these, the Prime Meridian, which passes through the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, England, was allocated the position of 0° longitude. The longitude of other places is measured as the angle east or west from the Prime Meridian, ranging from 0° at the Prime Meridian to +180° eastward", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "232312", "score": "0.9151132", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Spherical Earth", "text": "\"north\" and \"south\". These are perpendicular to lines of latitude that define \"east\" and \"west\", where the Sun is at the same angle at local noon on the same day. If the Sun were travelling from east to west over a flat Earth, meridian lines would always be the same distance apart - they would form a square grid when combined with lines of latitude. In reality, meridian lines get farther apart as one travels toward the equator, which is only possible on a round Earth. In places where land is plotted on a grid system, this causes discontinuities in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1777740", "score": "0.91331494", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "180th meridian", "text": "The 180th meridian or antimeridian is the meridian 180° east or west of the Prime Meridian, with which it forms a great circle dividing the earth into the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. It is common to both east longitude and west longitude. It is used as the basis for the International Date Line because it mostly passes through the open waters of the Pacific Ocean. However, the meridian passes through Russia and Fiji as well as Antarctica.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "North and East of First Principal Meridian", "text": "Treaty in 1795 and west of the line determined by the Treaty of Fort Industry in 1805 had been ceded by Indians by 1818 and needed to be surveyed before they could be sold. Lands were surveyed into squares six mile (10 km) on a side called survey townships arranged in a checkerboard pattern, each subdivided into 36 one square mile sections, according to the methods of the Public Land Survey System. The 41st parallel north latitude became the base line. The townships were counted going north from the baseline in vertical rows called ranges. The ranges were counted from", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14792239", "score": "0.9077643", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Mercury (planet)", "text": "exact reference point for measuring longitude. The center of Hun Kal defines the 20° West meridian. A 1970 International Astronomical Union resolution suggests that longitudes be measured positively in the westerly direction on Mercury. The two hottest places on the equator are therefore at longitudes 0°W and 180°W, and the coolest points on the equator are at longitudes 90°W and 270°W. However, the \"MESSENGER\" project uses an east-positive convention. For many years it was thought that Mercury was synchronously tidally locked with the Sun, rotating once for each orbit and always keeping the same face directed towards the Sun, in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "264369", "score": "0.9056681", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Longitude", "text": "and −180° westward. Specifically, it is the angle between a plane through the Prime Meridian and a plane through both poles and the location in question. (This forms a right-handed coordinate system with the -axis (right hand thumb) pointing from the Earth's center toward the North Pole and the -axis (right hand index finger) extending from the Earth's center through the Equator at the Prime Meridian.) A location's north–south position along a meridian is given by its latitude, which is approximately the angle between the local vertical and the equatorial plane. If the Earth were perfectly spherical and radially homogeneous,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "232313", "score": "0.9033897", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Daytime", "text": "of the Equator. Within this zone, the Sun will pass (or culminate) almost directly overhead on at least one day per year. The line of 23.5° north latitude is called the Tropic of Cancer, because when it was named, the Sun passed overhead at this location at the time of year when it was within the zodiac sign of Cancer. The equivalent line of south latitude is called the Tropic of Capricorn, for similar reasons. If they had been named today using the constellation in which the sun is currently in at the time it is directly overhead the tropic", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9962857", "score": "0.899542", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Guillaume Postel", "text": "de globe, ou demy Hémisphere contient dedans sa longitude clxxx degrès [180º], partie Australle de l'Atlantide dicte Peru ou America par Americ Vespuce Florentin son inventeur, et davantage une partie de la Chasdia or terre Australle vers les Isles Mologa ou Moluques (This quarter of the globe, or half hemisphere, contains within its 180 degrees of longitude the Austral part of Atlantis called Peru or America after Amerigo Vespucci its discoverer, and as well a part of Chasdia or Terra Australis toward the Mologa or Moluccas Islands).\" On his map, the \"Terre Australe\" is called \"Chasdia\" in three places: under", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2933801", "score": "0.89948845", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Mercator 1569 world map", "text": "that OE=OD, here approximately 54°. This is a measure of the rhumb line distance between the points on the sphere corresponding to A and B on the spherical Earth. Since each degree on the equator corresponds to 60 nautical miles the sailing distance is 3240 nautical miles for this example. If B is in the second quadrant with respect to A then the upper rose is used and if B is west of A then the longitude separation is simply reversed. Mercator also gives a refined method which is useful for small azimuths. The above method is explained in Legend", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16399598", "score": "0.8975945", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Geographic coordinate system", "text": "ellipses (often called great circles), which converge at the North and South Poles. The meridian of the British Royal Observatory in Greenwich, in south-east London, England, is the international prime meridian, although some organizations—such as the French Institut Géographique National—continue to use other meridians for internal purposes. The prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E. This is not to be conflated with the International Date Line, which diverges from", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "587060", "score": "0.89757496", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Azimuth", "text": "plane or easily established base direction line. Today, the reference plane for an azimuth is typically true north, measured as a 0° azimuth, though other angular units (grad, mil) can be used. Moving clockwise on a 360 degree circle, east has azimuth 90°, south 180°, and west 270°. There are exceptions: some navigation systems use south as the reference vector. Any direction can be the reference vector, as long as it is clearly defined. Quite commonly, azimuths or compass bearings are stated in a system in which either north or south can be the zero, and the angle may be", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "582141", "score": "0.8967316", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Pytheas", "text": "of Cancer, the \"tropikos kuklos\" (refer to the next subsection). Strabo's angular report of this line as being at 24° may well be based on a tangent known to Pytheas, but he does not say that. In whatever mathematical form Pytheas knew the location, he could only have determined when he was there by taking periodic readings of the elevation of the pole (\"eksarma tou polou\" in Strabo and others). Today the elevation can be obtained easily on ship with a quadrant. Electronic navigational systems have made even this simple measure unnecessary. Longitude was beyond Pytheas and his peers, but", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "314011", "score": "0.89212465", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Earth's circumference", "text": "system of latitude and longitude. Longditude lines, also known as meridian lines, follow the polar circumference, and are all exactly the same length. Latitude lines, known as circles of latitude are parallel to each other; the equatorial circumference is the largest circle of latitude, and the Earth’s longest circumference distance. Other circles of latitude have smaller circumference; for example, the 60th parallel north or south is approximately half as long as the Equator. According to Cleomedes' \"On the Circular Motions of the Celestial Bodies\", around 240 BC, Eratosthenes, the librarian of the Library of Alexandria, calculated the circumference of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20996045", "score": "0.89196634", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Alberta Township System", "text": "constant longitude) to the first correction line. This gets you your first set of range lines. Starting at the 49th parallel (first base line) go directly north. This gets you to the second base line. At the latitude corresponding to this distance from the 49th parallel lay off ticks westwards from 110th meridian as you did at the 1st base line. The circumference of the earth has decreased as you went northwards, so there will be fewer full ticks than there were one base line south. Extend north and south from these ticks. This gets you your next set of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9701369", "score": "0.88733625", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "30th parallel north", "text": "30th parallel north The 30th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 30 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane. It stands one-third of the way between the equator and the North Pole and crosses Africa, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America and the Atlantic Ocean. It is the approximate southern border of the horse latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere, meaning that much of the land area touching the 30th parallel is arid or semi-arid. If there is a source of wind from a body of water the area would more likely be subtropical. At this latitude the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6791446", "score": "0.8869423", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Pytheas", "text": "70° 47′ 50″ but that is not the latitude. At noon on the longest day the plane of longitude passing through Marseilles is exactly on edge to the sun. If the Earth's axis were not tilted toward the sun, a vertical rod at the equator would have no shadow. A rod further north would have a north-south shadow, and as an elevation of 90° would be a zero latitude, the complement of the elevation gives the latitude. The sun is even higher in the sky due to the tilt. The angle added to the elevation by the tilt is known", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "314007", "score": "0.8863026", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Geohash", "text": "can be used to find points in proximity to each other based on a common prefix. However, edge case locations close to each other but on opposite sides of the 180 degree meridian will result in Geohash codes with no common prefix (different longitudes for near physical locations). Points close by at the North and South poles will have very different geohashes (different longitudes for near physical locations). Two close locations on either side of the Equator (or Greenwich meridian) will not have a long common prefix since they belong to different 'halves' of the world. Put simply, one location's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11619835", "score": "0.8859823", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Navigation", "text": "from 0° at the Equator to 90° at the North and South poles. The latitude of the North Pole is 90° N, and the latitude of the South Pole is 90° S. Mariners calculated latitude in the Northern Hemisphere by sighting the North Star Polaris with a sextant and using sight reduction tables to correct for height of eye and atmospheric refraction. The height of Polaris in degrees above the horizon is the latitude of the observer, within a degree or so. Similar to latitude, the longitude of a place on Earth is the angular distance east or west of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "290192", "score": "0.8859619", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Meridian (geography)", "text": "Meridian (geography) A (geographical) meridian (or line of longitude) is the half of an imaginary great circle on the Earth's surface, terminated by the North Pole and the South Pole, connecting points of equal longitude, as measured in angular degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian. The position of a point along the meridian is given by that longitude and its latitude, measured in angular degrees north or south of the Equator. Each meridian is perpendicular to all circles of latitude. Each is also the same length, being half of a great circle on the Earth's surface and therefore", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3064088", "score": "0.8850961", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Parallel 36°30′ north", "text": "Parallel 36°30′ north The parallel 36°30′ north is a circle of latitude that is 36 and one-half degrees north of the equator of the Earth. This parallel of latitude is particularly significant in the history of the United States as the line of the Missouri Compromise, which was used to divide the prospective slave and free states west of the Mississippi River, with the exception of Missouri, which is mostly north of this parallel. In the United States, the parallel 36°30′ forms part of the boundary between Tennessee and Kentucky, in the region west of the Tennessee River and east", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9460040", "score": "0.88304573", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Circle of latitude", "text": "is at 37°N. Roughly half the length of border between the United States and Canada follows 49°N. There are five major circles of latitude, listed below from north to south. The position of the Equator is fixed (90 degrees from Earth's axis of rotation) but the latitudes of the other circles depend on the tilt of this axis relative to the plane of Earth's orbit, and so are not perfectly fixed. The values below are for : These circles of latitude, excluding the Equator, mark the divisions between the five principal geographical zones. The equator is the circle that is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1277132", "score": "0.87846893", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "150th meridian west", "text": "heading south to the South Pole, the 150th meridian west passes through: 150th meridian west The meridian 150° west of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, North America (entirely within the State of Alaska), the Pacific Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole. In Antarctica, the meridian defines the eastern limit of New Zealand's territorial claim. The land further east is not claimed by any nation. The 150th meridian west forms a great circle with the 30th meridian east. The Hawaii-Aleutian Time Zone is based on the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12209377", "score": "0.87812865", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "John Harrison", "text": "meridian to +180° eastward and −180° westward. Knowledge of a ship's east-west position was essential when approaching land. After a long voyage, cumulative errors in dead reckoning frequently led to shipwrecks and a great loss of life. Avoiding such disasters became vital in Harrison's lifetime, in an era when trade and navigation were increasing dramatically around the world. Many ideas were proposed for how to determine longitude during a sea voyage. Earlier methods attempted to compare local time with the known time at a reference place, such as Greenwich or Paris, based on a simple theory that had been first", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "220734", "score": "0.87808716", "original_retrieval_index": 33 } ]

[ "Dirk Benedict" ]

[ { "title": "The A-Team", "text": "Peck in the pilot), usually called \"Face\" or \"Faceman\", is a smooth-talking con man who serves as the team's appropriator of vehicles and other useful items, as well as the team's second-in-command. The team's pilot is Captain H.M. \"Howling Mad\" Murdock (Dwight Schultz), who has been declared insane and lives in a Veterans' Administration mental institution for the show's first four seasons. Finally, there is the team's strong man, mechanic and Sergeant First Class Bosco \"B.A.\", or \"Bad Attitude\", Baracus (Mr. T). The team belonged to the 5th Special Forces as seen in the left side shoulder patch on Hannibal's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "405423", "score": "1.174022", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Richard Face", "text": "Richard Face Jack Richard Face, known as Richard Face, (born 2 December 1942) is an Australian former politician who was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly between 1972 and 2003. Face was born in the Newcastle suburb of Merewether and educated at Merewether Public School, Broadmeadow High School, Newcastle Technical College and the New South Wales Police Academy. Face was the Labor member for Charlestown from 1972 to 2003. He was the Minister for Gaming and Racing in Bob Carr's cabinet from 1995 until his retirement. In 2004 he was found guilty of lying to the Independent", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7390075", "score": "1.1612341", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Templeton Peck", "text": "his right arm). As in the TV series, Face is depicted as a handsome, smooth-talking ladies' man, but is also shown having a relationship with Captain Charissa Sosa (Jessica Biel), who pursues the A-Team after they escape from prison. Throughout the film, Face matures from a womanizing joker to a calculating professional - to the point that, in the film's climax, \"he\", not Hannibal, plans the A-Team's legal redemption. Face plans the mission based on a classic confidence game including cranes and shipping crates, and involving Murdock being shot in the head. B. A. initially regrets the team's reliance on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8961664", "score": "1.1532876", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "The A-Team (film)", "text": "the ex-lover of Face who is a disillusioned and ruthless Army officer in charge of pursuing the team. 20th Century Fox later confirmed that Copley and Biel were cast in the film. On September 30, 2009, Liam Neeson and the rest of the cast were seen filming scenes in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, as shooting got under way. The first official pictures of Neeson, Cooper, Copley and Jackson in character were soon released, including one which features the iconic van in the background. On October 30, 2009, Dwight Schultz confirmed that he had filmed a cameo scene for the movie.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11751534", "score": "1.14614", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "The A-Team (comics)", "text": "the chef, B.A. the chauffeur and bodyguard, and Face becomes the couple's wedding planner. There are complications as Murdock's culinary abilities are questionable and Face is already all-too familiar with the bride. An \"A-Team\" comic adaptation appeared in \"Look-In\" throughout the 1980s. An \"A-Team\" strip also ran in \"TV Comic\" sold in UK. The length of its run unknown. The A-Team (comics) The A-Team TV series and film have been adapted into several comics. In 1983-1984 Marvel Comics released an \"A-Team\" title which ran for 3 issues. Due to the huge popularity of both comics and The \"A-Team\" show at", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14188026", "score": "1.1183634", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Mexican Slayride", "text": "A-Team, consisting of Col. John \"Hannibal\" Smith, Lt. Templeton \"The Faceman\" Peck (\"Face\"), and Sgt. Bosco \"B.A.\" Baracus are being chased by Colonel Lynch, who has Amy followed as she works her way towards hiring the team. Despite Lynch's interference and several chases, Face manages to release the fourth member of the A-Team, Capt. H.M. \"Howling Mad\" Murdock, from the psychiatric hospital and scam a Gulfstream jet. Rendering BA unconscious, they travel with Amy to Mexico in a plane piloted by their fearless but clinically insane pilot, Murdock. During the start of the flight, the original broadcast version features a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7804642", "score": "1.111189", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "The A-Team (film)", "text": "the Los Angeles Port, saying he will hand over Morrison and the plates. Face then calls Sosa on a drop phone he planted on her at the train station, and conspires a different plan with her. It all unfolds according to plan until Pike, who is now working with Lynch, blows up the container ship and chases Face to near death. BA (having converted to Buddhism while in prison) finally gives up his pacifist ways and kills Pike, saving Face. Hannibal leads Lynch into a container with Murdock, who, wearing a covered bullet-proof helmet, is portraying Morrison. Lynch shoots at", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11751526", "score": "1.1084765", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "The Face Australia", "text": "The Face Australia The Face is an Australian reality television modelling competition series aired on Fox8 of Foxtel and produced by Shine Australia. Naomi Campbell was the show's executive producer and one of the three supermodel coaches of the series, as with \"The Face\" (U.S.) and \"The Face\" (U.K.). It was reported that the channel and production team acquired the right to create an adaptation for Australian TV on 31 August 2013. Filming for the series took place from 1 November to 4 December 2013. The series premiered on 18 March 2014 and concluded on 6 May 2014. The show", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17519864", "score": "1.0738995", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "A Face to Die For", "text": "who acted in this movie along with Yasmine Bleeth, was engaged to be married to Yasmine, but the wedding was called off after the wedding invitations had already been printed. A Face to Die For A Face to Die For (also known as The Face in the UK & Australia) is a 1996 television film, based on the book \"The Face\"by Marvin and Mark Werlin. The teleplay was also written by Marvin Werlin, Mark Werlin and Duane Poole, is a romantic thriller that starred Yasmine Bleeth, James Wilder and Robin Givens. Due to a tragic childhood accident, Emily Gilmore (Yasmine", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6859963", "score": "1.0694994", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Dirk Benedict", "text": "Dirk Benedict (born Dirk Niewoehner on March 1, 1945) is an American movie, television and stage actor and author. He is best known for playing the characters Lieutenant Templeton \"Faceman\" Peck in The A-Team television series and Lieutenant Starbuck in the original Battlestar Galactica film and television series. He is the author of Confessions of a Kamikaze Cowboy and And Then We Went Fishing.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Dirk Benedict", "text": "\"Ruckus\". In 1983, Dirk gained further popularity as con-man Lieutenant Templeton \"Face\" Peck in 1980s action television series \"The A-Team\". He played \"Faceman\" from to , although the series didn't air until January 1983, and the final episode wasn't shown until 1987 rebroadcasts. The episode \"Steel\" includes a scene at Universal Studios where Face is seen looking bemused as a Cylon walks by him as an in-joke to his previous role in \"Battlestar Galactica\". The clip is incorporated into the series' opening credit sequence from season 3 onward. In 1986, Benedict starred as low-life band manager Harry Smilac in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "110253", "score": "1.0608592", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "The Face of Evil", "text": "The Face of Evil The Face of Evil is the fourth serial of the 14th season of the British science fiction television series \"Doctor Who\", which was first broadcast in four weekly parts on BBC1 from 1 to 22 January 1977. This serial marked the debut of Louise Jameson as companion Leela. It was also the first story written for the series by Chris Boucher and the first directed by Pennant Roberts, who would both go on to work on the series again a number of times. In the serial, the powerful split-personality computer Xoanon (played by Tom Baker, Rob", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5000894", "score": "1.0586708", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Face (a cappella group)", "text": "Regional 2007 Regional Runner-Up <br>Harmony Sweepstakes Rocky Mountain Regional 2003 Face (a cappella group) Face is an American a cappella group from Boulder, Colorado. Formed by Joseph DiMasi and Ben Lunstad in 2002, they made their first national appearances as one of the eight original groups on NBC's premiere season of \"The Sing-Off\" in 2009. They are a two-time National Audience Favorite and two-time runner-up at the National Finals of Harmony Sweepstakes A Cappella Festival (2005 and 2007), and the runner-up for Favorite Pop/Rock Group at the Contemporary A Cappella Society's Community Awards (2007). Face has also garnered numerous local", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14108751", "score": "1.0545806", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Face (1997 film)", "text": "Face (1997 film) Face (1997) is a British crime drama directed by Antonia Bird and written by Ronan Bennett. It stars Robert Carlyle and Ray Winstone and features the acting debut of singer Damon Albarn. Five men, criminals Ray, Dave, Stevie, Julian (\"Julie\" as a nickname), and Jason, plan a heist to steal a minimum of £2 million. Using a truck modified as a battering ram, the group break into a security depot in London and steal a large amount of money before the police arrive. However, they discover they barely got the amount of money they wanted, and only", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7779243", "score": "1.0529449", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "The Face (Koontz novel)", "text": "The Face (Koontz novel) The Face is a novel by Dean Koontz published in 2003 by Bantam Books. The main plot of the story follows Ethan Truman, an ex-cop who now works as the head of security for the most famous actor in Hollywood, Channing Manheim, a.k.a. \"The Face.\" Ethan is trying to track down the sender of several gruesome \"messages\" that were received in black boxes. Ethan now has six black boxes to figure out what the contents of the boxes mean. After chasing down leads and tracking the \"ghost\" of his dead friend Duncan \"Dunny\" Whistler (technically, Dunny", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7070787", "score": "1.0515302", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Face (a cappella group)", "text": "Face (a cappella group) Face is an American a cappella group from Boulder, Colorado. Formed by Joseph DiMasi and Ben Lunstad in 2002, they made their first national appearances as one of the eight original groups on NBC's premiere season of \"The Sing-Off\" in 2009. They are a two-time National Audience Favorite and two-time runner-up at the National Finals of Harmony Sweepstakes A Cappella Festival (2005 and 2007), and the runner-up for Favorite Pop/Rock Group at the Contemporary A Cappella Society's Community Awards (2007). Face has also garnered numerous local awards including Best Local Band by The Denver Channel's A-List", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14108741", "score": "1.051326", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Frank Facer", "text": "St George Leagues Club, where press reports of the time stated that over 2000 attended. Frank Facer Francis Henry 'Frank' Facer (8 August 1919 – 16 January 1978) was an Australian rugby league footballer of the 1940s at the North Sydney Bears and the St George Dragons. After he retired from playing, he became a noted sports administrator at the St. George Dragons from 1956 until 1978. There he was instrumental in finding and bringing to the club many future stars and played a pivotal role in building a club structure that supported a sustained record of success. Born and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18277778", "score": "1.0407759", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Kentan Facey", "text": "Kentan Facey Kentan Facey (born July 14, 1993) is a Jamaican basketball player for AEL Limassol of the Cyprus Basketball Division A. He played college basketball for the University of Connecticut Huskies. He is a 6'10 power forward and occasional center who played on the UConn 2013–14 NCAA Championship team. Facey attended Long Island Lutheran playing under coach John Buck. He was named N.Y. State Gatorade Player of the Year after averaging 14.8 points, 13.0 rebounds and 4.5 blocks per game in 2012-13 and was also a nominee for the McDonald’s All-American Game. Kentan Facey is also notable in that", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19922256", "score": "1.0404714", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Face Raiders", "text": "Face Raiders \"Face Raiders\" is a single player, augmented reality, shooter game that uses the handheld's gyroscopic controls and cameras. It was first released with the Nintendo 3DS and has been preloaded on all devices in the family. The game is an extended tech demo with a total of two modes and nine levels. Six of these are the primary experience for players, with the three stages in the secondary mode designed to be shown friends unfamiliar with the game. After taking pictures of people's faces, the game uses the faces to create enemies that attack the player, who must", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15475380", "score": "1.0380087", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Face the Ace", "text": "Face the Ace Face the Ace is a poker-themed game show on the NBC television network first airing August 1, 2009. The show is hosted by Steve Schirripa (\"The Sopranos\") along with hostess/spokesmodel Megan Abrigo and features the commentary of Ali Nejad, who also commentates for NBC’s \"Poker After Dark\". The show’s primary sponsor is Full Tilt Poker, which supplies the contestants and the professional poker players (“aces”) against whom they compete. Contestants are poker players 21 or older who won a free qualifying tournament on Full Tilt Poker and were flown to Las Vegas for filming at Cin City", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13668062", "score": "1.0370915", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "The Face (TV series)", "text": "The Face (TV series) The Face is a modeling-themed reality television series that follows three supermodel coaches as they compete with each other to find 'the face' of major brand. The inaugural series premiered online on February 1, 2013 and officially premiered on television on February 12, 2013, on Oxygen. The format was created by Shine America and is distributed internationally by Shine Intl. The series is now an international franchise, owning its adaptations around the world. Naomi Campbell serves as a supermodel coach and also executive producer and chooses supermodel mentors for all the adaptations. In each series of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17491799", "score": "1.0357203", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Face of Evil", "text": "Face of Evil Face of Evil is a 1996 TV movie starring Tracey Gold as Darcy Palmer, Perry King as Russell Polk and Shawnee Smith as his daughter Jeanelle Polk. The film is considered by some to be a recollection of the 1992 movie \"Poison Ivy\" - one in which Gold and King have the Drew Barrymore and Tom Skerritt roles (respectively), while Smith is in Sara Gilbert's. Darcy Palmer (Gold) is a promising young artist. On the night before her wedding, she empties her fiancé's bank account and runs to New York. On the way, she meets Brianne Dwyer", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11069867", "score": "1.0349956", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Frank Facer", "text": "a first grade rugby league player in Sydney. He was a hooker in the Bears 1943 Grand Final loss to Newtown although he had been restricted in the game due to a leg injury. Facer played seven seasons in first grade with North Sydney Bears between 1940 and 1946, the last four of which he played at hooker. Dragons stalwart, 'Snowy' Justice had enticed Facer to join the St George Dragons in 1947 and he played four seasons with the Saints between 1947 and 1950. His only representative appearance was in 1945, when he played for City against Country NSW.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18277774", "score": "1.0302532", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Frank Facer", "text": "Frank Facer Francis Henry 'Frank' Facer (8 August 1919 – 16 January 1978) was an Australian rugby league footballer of the 1940s at the North Sydney Bears and the St George Dragons. After he retired from playing, he became a noted sports administrator at the St. George Dragons from 1956 until 1978. There he was instrumental in finding and bringing to the club many future stars and played a pivotal role in building a club structure that supported a sustained record of success. Born and bred in Naremburn, New South Wales to parents Albert and Violet Facer, Frank Facer became", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18277773", "score": "1.0227458", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "The A-Team", "text": "one for himself.\" Faceman is also the A-Team's accountant. He dresses suavely, often appearing in suits. Faceman carries a Colt Lawman Mk III revolver for protection, and drives a custom white 1984 Corvette with red trim. \"Bosco \"B.A.\" (Bad Attitude) Baracus\" is the muscle for the A-Team, able to perform exceptional feats of strength. He is also the team's mechanic. Baracus affects a dislike for Murdock, calling him a \"crazy fool\", but his true feelings of friendship are revealed when he prevents Murdock from drowning in his desire to live like a fish. Baracus also has a deep fear of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "405431", "score": "1.0218879", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "The A-Team (film)", "text": "a prequel to the film, featuring one-shots focusing each on Hannibal, Face, BA, and Murdock. A second series, \"\", is a tie-in to the film by showing an all-new adventure set after the quartet escaped. Film director Joe Carnahan and Tom Waltz collaborated to pen the series. Jazwares released a line of action figures featuring the four main characters, plus the GMC Vandura. An application for the iPhone was released as part of the marketing blitz for the film. The A-Team application is a side-scrolling, third person, action shooter game. Produced by RealNetworks the game includes voice-overs from B.A. Baracus.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11751536", "score": "1.0218112", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Delroy Facey", "text": "Delroy Facey Delroy Michael Facey (born 22 April 1980 in Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, England) is a British-Grenadian professional footballer who most recently played for Albion Sports. Facey has also played for Huddersfield Town, Bolton Wanderers, Bradford City, Burnley, West Bromwich Albion, Hull City, Oldham Athletic, Tranmere Rovers, Rotherham United, Gillingham, Wycombe Wanderers, Notts County, Lincoln City and Hereford United. In April 2015, Facey was jailed for two-and-a-half years for match fixing. Facey began his career at Huddersfield Town, joined as an apprentice in April 1996 and turning professional in May 1997. He went on to become a first team regular,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7949919", "score": "1.0205208", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "The Face of an Angel", "text": "The Face of an Angel The Face of an Angel is a 2014 British psychological thriller film directed by Michael Winterbottom and written by Paul Viragh, inspired by the book \"Angel Face\", drawn from crime coverage by Newsweek/Daily Beast writer Barbie Latza Nadeau. The film stars Kate Beckinsale, Daniel Brühl, and Cara Delevingne. The film is based on the real-life story of the murder of Meredith Kercher in 2007. On 6 September 2013, Daniel Brühl joined the adaptation film of \"Angel Face\" to lead the cast. On 10 October 2013, Cara Delevingne joined the cast of the film. On 14", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17861402", "score": "1.0184284", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Shay Facey", "text": "Shay Facey Shay Anthony Facey (born 7 January 1995) is an English footballer who plays as a defender for Northampton Town in EFL League Two. Facey joined Manchester City in 2007, where he has since progressed through the academy system. Facey was vice-captain of the U21 Elite Development Squad through their 2013–14 campaign in absent of Rony Lopes and was nominated for the U21 player of the year award. As a result, he signed a two–year contract with the club in April 2014. Then, in November 2015, Facey signed another contract extension with the club. Facey joined Manchester City's Major", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18656368", "score": "1.0124098", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "The A-Team", "text": "by fans of the show. The huge success of the series saw a vast array of merchandise, including toys and snacks released both in America and internationally. There were several sets trading cards and stickers, action figures of the characters were produced by Galoob as well as vehicles, including B.A.'s van and Face's Corvette (available in several different sizes), as well as items such as helicopters, trucks and jeeps to fit in with the line, from model car manufacturer Ertl. Some of the other array of items available included jigsaw puzzles, View-Master reels containing 21 3-D pictures (over three reels)", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "405456", "score": "1.0123057", "original_retrieval_index": 32 } ]

[ "2010" ]

[ { "title": "Öræfajökull", "text": "Park. Öræfajökull has erupted twice in historical times, in 1362 and 1728. In 1362, the volcano erupted explosively, with huge amounts of tephra being ejected. The district of Litla-Hérað was destroyed by floods and tephra fall. Sailors reported pumice “in such masses that ships could hardly make their way through it”. Thick volcanic deposits obliterated farmland and ash travelled as far as western Europe. More than 40 years passed before people again settled the area, which became known as Öræfi. The name literally means \"an area without harbour\", but it took on a meaning of \"wasteland\" in Icelandic. An eruption", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3171664", "score": "1.04427", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Geology of Iceland", "text": "approximately 25% of the island's human population and resulting in a drop in global temperatures, as sulfur dioxide was spewed into the Northern Hemisphere. This caused crop failures in Europe and may have caused droughts in India. The eruption has been estimated to have killed over six million people globally, making it one of the deadliest volcanoes, with Tambora being number one. In the period from 1963 to 1967, the new island of Surtsey was created on the southwest coast by a volcanic eruption. Since Iceland is located atop the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, some scientists believe the hotspot beneath Iceland could", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8537754", "score": "1.0434105", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Volcanology of Iceland", "text": "August 17, 2014 and lasted for 180 days, under the Bárðarbunga system started with an extremely heavy earthquake swarm followed by clusters of volcanic activity that went on for an extended period. This resulted in multiple lava fountain eruptions in Holuhraun. Lava flow was between 250 and 350 cubic meters per second and came from a dyke over 40 km long. An ice-filled subsidence bowl over 100 square kilometers in area and up to 65 meters deep formed as well. There was very limited ash output from this eruption unlike numerous glacial eruptions which are common in Iceland. The primary", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3163934", "score": "1.0395746", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Öræfajökull", "text": "in August 1727-28 was smaller than 1362, though floods are known to have caused three fatalities when the meltwater swept their farm away. Increased earthquake activity in the form of small tremors ranging from a depth of 1.5–10 km beneath the summit crater, began in August 2017 according to the Icelandic Meteorological Office. The Aviation Colour Code of the United States was raised to yellow on 17 November 2017, after the appearance of an ice-cauldron inside the main crater and increased geothermal activity under the glacier. Increased earthquake activity in April. Öræfajökull Öræfajökull, () is an ice-covered volcano in south-east", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3171665", "score": "1.0337026", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "The Living Planet", "text": "sea bed some 65 million years ago. To show the force of nature responsible for this, Attenborough stands in front of an erupting volcano in Iceland and handles a piece of basalt; the Giant's Causeway is an example of what happens to it over a great length of time. The Icelandic volcanoes represent the northern end of a fissure that is mostly underwater and runs down one side of the globe, forming volcanic islands en route where it is above sea level. It is such activity, known as plate tectonics, from deep within the Earth that pulled apart Africa and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12365871", "score": "1.0294285", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Askja", "text": "was to study geology. Askja was virtually unknown until the tremendous eruption which started on March 29, 1875. Especially in the eastern fjords of Iceland, the ashfall was heavy enough to poison the land and kill livestock. Ash, or tephra from this eruption was wind-blown to Norway, Sweden, Germany and Poland. The eruption triggered a substantial wave of emigration from Iceland. Another less well-known eruption, called Askja-S, occurred in the early Holocene, ca 11,000 years ago. Tephra from this eruption has been found in south-east Sweden, Northern Ireland and north Norway and recently as far south as Romania, which makes", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1082115", "score": "1.0275325", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull", "text": "with thousands of small earthquakes (mostly of magnitude 1–2 M), beneath the volcano. The radar stations of the Meteorological Institute of Iceland did not detect any appreciable amount of volcanic ashfall during the first 24 hours of the eruption. However, during the night of 22 March, they reported some volcanic ash fall reaching the Fljótshlíð area ( north-west of the eruption's location) and Hvolsvöllur town ( north-west of the eruption location) leaving vehicles with a fine, grey layer of volcanic ash. At around 07:00 on 22 March, an explosion launched eruption columns as far as straight up into the air.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14476325", "score": "1.0158036", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Volcanology of Canada", "text": "rising magma. Scientific studies have indicated nearly 80% of the magma was erupted in one million years or less. The source for this volcanic activity was the Iceland plume along with its surface expression, the Iceland hotspot. This volcanic activity formed part of a large igneous province that is sunken beneath the northern Labrador Sea. Another period of volcanic activity began in the same region about 55 million years ago during the Eocene period when the north-south trending Mid-Atlantic Ridge began to form under the northern Atlantic Ocean east of Greenland. The cause of this volcanism might be related to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9683972", "score": "1.0137864", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Volcanology of Iceland", "text": "Volcanology of Iceland The volcanoes of Iceland include a high concentration of active ones due to Iceland's location on the mid-Atlantic Ridge, a divergent tectonic plate boundary, and its location over a hot spot. The island has 30 active volcanic systems, of which 13 have erupted since the settlement of Iceland in AD 874. Of these 30 active volcanic systems, the most active/volatile is Grímsvötn. Over the past 500 years, Iceland's volcanoes have erupted a third of the total global lava output. The most fatal volcanic eruption of Iceland's history was the so-called Skaftáreldar (fires of Skaftá) in 1783-84. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3163930", "score": "1.0064241", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull", "text": "The 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull were volcanic events at Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland which, although relatively small for volcanic eruptions, caused enormous disruption to air travel across western and northern Europe over an initial period of six days in April 2010. Additional localised disruption continued into May 2010. The eruption was declared officially over in October 2010, when snow on the glacier did not melt. From 14–20 April, ash from the volcanic eruption covered large areas of Northern Europe. About 20 countries closed their airspace to commercial jet traffic and it affected approximately 10 million travellers.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Mýrdalsjökull", "text": "Mýrdalsjökull Mýrdalsjökull (pronounced , Icelandic for \"(the) mire dale glacier\" or \"(the) mire valley glacier\") is an ice cap in the south of Iceland. It is to the north of Vík í Mýrdal and to the east of the smaller ice cap Eyjafjallajökull. Between these two glaciers is Fimmvörðuháls pass. Its peak reaches in height and in 1980 it covered an area of . The icecap of the glacier covers an active volcano called Katla. The caldera of the volcano has a diameter of and the volcano erupts usually every 40–80 years. The last eruption took place in 1918. Scientists", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3168228", "score": "1.0040164", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Iceland hotspot", "text": "to the location of the plume beneath the thick Greenland craton for ~ 15 Myr after continental breakup, and the later entrenchment of the plume material into the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge following its formation. Iceland hotspot The Iceland hotspot is a hotspot which is partly responsible for the high volcanic activity which has formed the island of Iceland. Iceland is one of the most active volcanic regions in the world, with eruptions occurring on average roughly every three years (in the 20th century there were 39 volcanic eruptions on and around Iceland). About a third of the basaltic lavas erupted", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5010739", "score": "1.0039349", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Air travel disruption after the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption", "text": "northern latitudes for six months or more\". The last time the Eyjafjallajökull volcano erupted, in 1821, it spewed ash for over a year. Geophysicists in Iceland said that the production of ash from Eyjafjallajökull was likely to continue at a comparable level for some days or even weeks; a geophysicist at the Icelandic Meteorological Office said, \"Where it disrupts travel depends on the weather. It depends how the wind carries the ash\". In 1982, British Airways Flight 9 flew through volcanic ash of Mount Galunggung, Java, Indonesia, causing all 4 engines to shut down. However, the crew restarted all but", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14477939", "score": "1.0006343", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Torfajökull", "text": "Torfajökull Torfajökull (Icelandic for \"Torfi's glacier\") is a rhyolitic stratovolcano and complex of subglacial volcanoes, located north of Mýrdalsjökull and south of Þórisvatn Lake, Iceland. Torfajökull last erupted in 1477 and consists of the largest area of silicic extrusive rocks in Iceland. The volcano's eruption around 870 has left a thin layer of tephra all over Iceland. This layer makes possible to determine the exact dates of many archeological finds, like in the Reykjavík 871±2 museum. According to legend, the glacier is named for Torfi Jónsson í Klofa, an Icelandic historical figure. When the plague arrived in Iceland in 1493,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9678593", "score": "0.9966502", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Haraldur Sigurðsson", "text": "Most writings and official reports in Iceland show very different views. Haraldur Sigurðsson Haraldur Sigurðsson (born May 31, 1939) is an Icelandic volcanologist and geochemist. Sigurðsson studied geology and geochemistry in the United Kingdom, where he obtained a bachelor's degree from Queen's University, Belfast, followed by a Ph.D. degree from the University of Durham in 1970. He worked on monitoring and research of the volcanoes of the Caribbean until 1974, when he was appointed professor at the Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island. He is best known for his work on the reconstruction of major volcanic eruptions of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4626163", "score": "0.9918406", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "2011 eruption of Grímsvötn", "text": "the glacier and started spewing volcanic ash into the air. The eruption plume quickly rose to . A series of small earthquakes had commenced at the time of eruption. Glacial flooding was anticipated, which normally occurs within 10–12 hours after eruption, but it never occurred as a flood had occurred the previous autumn, meaning a smaller chance of another flood appearing. On 25 May, the Icelandic Meteorological Office (IMO) confirmed the eruption had paused at 02:40 UTC. Later the BBC reported that the volcanic activity appeared to have stopped. At 15:00 the IMO issued an update stating that no further", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15633065", "score": "0.99147093", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Iceland hotspot", "text": "Iceland hotspot The Iceland hotspot is a hotspot which is partly responsible for the high volcanic activity which has formed the island of Iceland. Iceland is one of the most active volcanic regions in the world, with eruptions occurring on average roughly every three years (in the 20th century there were 39 volcanic eruptions on and around Iceland). About a third of the basaltic lavas erupted in recorded history have been produced by Icelandic eruptions. Notable eruptions have included that of Eldgjá, a fissure of Katla, in 934 (the world's largest basaltic eruption ever witnessed), Laki in 1783 (the world's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5010734", "score": "0.991359", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Thrihnukagigur", "text": "Thrihnukagigur Þríhnúkagígur (, anglicized as Thrihnukagigur, literally translated as \"Three Peaks Crater\") is a dormant volcano near Reykjavík, Iceland. Covering a area and a depth of , it has not erupted in the past 4000 years. It was discovered in 1974 by cave explorer Árni B Stefánsson, and opened for tourism in 2012. It is the only volcano in the world where visitors can take an elevator and safely descend into the magma chamber. The magma that would normally fill the chamber and become sealed is believed to have drained away, to the bewilderment of most scientists, revealing the rift", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19575700", "score": "0.99035144", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Bárðarbunga", "text": "250–600 years. In 1477, the largest known eruption from Bárðarbunga had a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 6; there is evidence of many smaller eruptions during the past 10,000 years. Þjórsá Lava, the largest holocene lava flow on earth, originated from Bárðarbunga about 8,500 years ago, with a total volume of 21 to 30 cubic kilometres and covering approximately 950 square kilometres. Many large eruptions have occurred south-west of the glacier, the first since human settlement of Iceland was the Vatnaöldur eruption about 870 which had a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 4. The Veiðivötn eruption in 1477 is the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10264238", "score": "0.9893844", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Magma: Volcanic Disaster", "text": "Magma: Volcanic Disaster Magma: Volcanic Disaster is a 2006 disaster film by Sci Fi Pictures. Written by Rebecca Rian and directed by Ian Gilmour, the film stars Xander Berkeley and Amy Jo Johnson. It was filmed in Bulgaria. The Trollsvatn volcano in Iceland violently erupts and kills a USGS survey team. Volcanology professor Dr. Peter Shepherd takes four of his graduate students to study Grímsvötn, a dormant volcano. It also erupts suddenly, but the group is able to escape. While escaping by helicopter, Brianna witnesses Grimsvotn producing pyroclastic flows that could be pyroclastic surges, an unusual amount of ash, and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10170494", "score": "0.98806757", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "Volcanology of Northern Canada", "text": "was being created from rising magma. Scientific studies have indicated nearly 80% of the magma was erupted in one million years or less. The source for this volcanic activity was the Iceland plume along with its surface expression, the Iceland hotspot. This volcanic activity formed part of a large igneous province that is now sunken beneath the northern Labrador Sea. Another period of volcanic activity began in the same region about 55 million years ago during the Eocene period when the north-south trending Mid-Atlantic Ridge began to form under the northern Atlantic Ocean east of Greenland. The cause of this", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13266764", "score": "0.9873489", "original_retrieval_index": 33 }, { "title": "Eldfell", "text": "over the Iceland hotspot, which greatly enhances the volcanic activity. It is estimated that a third of all the basaltic lava erupted in the world in recorded history has been produced by Icelandic eruptions. The Vestmannaeyjar (Westman Islands) archipelago lies off the south coast of Iceland, and consists of several small islands, all formed by eruptions in the Holocene epoch. Heimaey, the largest island in the group and the only inhabited one, also contains some material from the Pleistocene era. The most prominent feature on Heimaey before 1973 was Helgafell, a 200 meters (650 ft) high volcanic cone formed in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3049623", "score": "0.9864353", "original_retrieval_index": 35 }, { "title": "Iceland plume", "text": "years old and was formed at an old oceanic spreading center in the Westfjords (Vestfirðir) region. The westward movement of the plates and the ridge above the plume and the strong thermal anomaly of the latter caused this old spreading center to cease 15 million years ago and lead to the formation of a new one in the area of today's peninsulas Skagi and Snæfellsnes; in the latter there is still some activity in the form of the Snæfellsjökull volcano. The spreading center, and hence the main activity, have shifted eastward again 7–9 million years ago and formed the current", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6313943", "score": "0.9851961", "original_retrieval_index": 36 }, { "title": "2014–2015 eruption of Bárðarbunga", "text": "Bárðarbunga caldera, attributed to subsidence due to the magma chamber emptying; and another at the head of a dyke which extends approximately 40 km outwards from the vent, at a depth of 5–8 km below the surface. Evidence of minor sub-glacial eruptions occurred as early as 23 August when tremors were detected, but it was not until 29 August when lava erupted onto the surface at the fissure, forming a crater and substantial lava field to the north of the glacier in Holuhraun. Scientists at the Icelandic Met Office and the University of Iceland outlined three possible scenarios: A swarm", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18368251", "score": "0.98390955", "original_retrieval_index": 38 }, { "title": "Geyser", "text": "ever known, the Waimangu Geyser existed in this zone. It began erupting in 1900 and erupted periodically for four years until a landslide changed the local water table. Eruptions of Waimangu would typically reach and some superbursts are known to have reached . Recent scientific work indicates that the Earth's crust below the zone may be as little as thick. Beneath this lies a film of magma and . Due to the high rate of volcanic activity in Iceland, it is home to some famous geysers in the world. Geysers and hot springs are distributed all over the island. Many", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "169211", "score": "0.9834873", "original_retrieval_index": 39 }, { "title": "Reykjahlíð", "text": "it is possible to go to many sights in the area, most notably Krafla. The volcano last erupted in 1984, but the vapour of a warm lava field and of sulphur springs can still be seen. Not far from there is the crater Víti (meaning \"hell\" in Icelandic), but looking today rather harmless with a blue lake at its bottom. Its apparent tranquility belies the fact that its last eruption was as recent as 1976. Other interesting places are on the lake itself, like the volcano Hverfjall, the pseudo-craters of Skútusstaðir and Dimmuborgir (a strange lava formation). A local airport", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3225212", "score": "0.98347175", "original_retrieval_index": 40 }, { "title": "Thordarhyrna", "text": "A fault runs (N.35°W) from Thordarhyrna towards Hamarinn, and separates two different tectonic regions. Thordarhyrna Thordarhyrna (Icelandic: Þórðarhyrna) is one of seven subglacial volcanoes beneath the Vatnajokull glacier Iceland. It last erupted in 1910 and prior to that in 1903. An eruption in 3550 BC +/- 500 years poured out 150,000,000 cubic meters of lava in the area Bergvatnsarhraun to the south of Thordarhyrna. An eruption between 1887 and 1889 had a VEI of 2. There is a mechanical interaction between Thordarhyrna and Grimsvötn, despite these volcanoes being relatively far apart, so the eruption in 1902 - 1904 was combined", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15632103", "score": "0.98263144", "original_retrieval_index": 41 }, { "title": "Iceland", "text": "over most of Europe and parts of Asia and Africa for several months afterward, and affected climates in other areas. Iceland has many geysers, including Geysir, from which the English word is derived, and the famous Strokkur, which erupts every 8–10 minutes. After a phase of inactivity, Geysir started erupting again after a series of earthquakes in 2000. Geysir has since grown quieter and does not erupt often. With the widespread availability of geothermal power, and the harnessing of many rivers and waterfalls for hydroelectricity, most residents have access to inexpensive hot water, heating, and electricity. The island is composed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "189930", "score": "0.9822334", "original_retrieval_index": 43 }, { "title": "Icelanders", "text": "by order of the Danish Government, and in the 18th century climatic conditions had reached an all-time low since Settlement. In 1783–84 Laki, a volcanic fissure in the south of the island, erupted. The eruption produced about 15 km³ (3.6 mi³) of basalt lava, and the total volume of tephra emitted was 0.91 km³. The aerosols that built up caused a cooling effect in the Northern Hemisphere. The consequences for Iceland were catastrophic, with approximately 25-33% of the population dying in the famine of 1783 and 1784. Around 80% of sheep, 50% of cattle, and 50% of horses died of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3443463", "score": "0.9817172", "original_retrieval_index": 45 }, { "title": "Weizhou Island", "text": "Hawaii hotspot and the Iceland hotspot. There have been four periods of volcanic activity on the site, the first one occurred in the early Pleistocene, when mainly ash began to erupt from the bottom of the sea. The second time, between 9–225 million years ago, started with basaltic magma eruptions, and ended with pyroclastic eruptions. This was the time with the heaviest eruptions on Weizhou and Xieyang. The third time began with large amounts of volcanic bombs and ended with basaltic magma, this was from 200,000 to 15,000 years ago. The fourth time, from 10,000 to 7,100 years ago, a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2354449", "score": "0.98133886", "original_retrieval_index": 46 } ]

[ "US$11,770" ]

[ { "title": "Below Poverty Line", "text": "Below Poverty Line Below Poverty Line is an economic benchmark used by the government of India to indicate economic disadvantage and to identify individuals and households in need of government assistance and aid. It is determined using various parameters which vary from state to state and within states. The present criteria are based on a survey conducted in 2002. Going into a survey due for a decade, India's central government is undecided on criteria to identify families below poverty line. Internationally, an income of less than $1.90 per day per head of purchasing power parity is defined as extreme poverty.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13077477", "score": "1.0697911", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Below Poverty Line", "text": "scheme is now run independently based on the necessity, rather than getting bogged down to one single list of targeted families. Below Poverty Line Below Poverty Line is an economic benchmark used by the government of India to indicate economic disadvantage and to identify individuals and households in need of government assistance and aid. It is determined using various parameters which vary from state to state and within states. The present criteria are based on a survey conducted in 2002. Going into a survey due for a decade, India's central government is undecided on criteria to identify families below poverty", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13077495", "score": "1.0609844", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Below Poverty Line", "text": "for 2002 could be finalised as per original guidelines. The Director of Rural Development and Panchayat Raj stated that in the Below Poverty Line survey done in 1991 out of 8,433,000 Rural families 3,446,000 families were identified as Below Poverty Line families. In the Below Poverty Line survey done in the year 1999 out of 9,388,000 rural families 2,737,000 families were identified as Below Poverty Line families. He has stated that if the cut off mark is fixed as 16 the total number of families would be 2,548,000 families against the total families of 8,665,000 which is lesser than the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13077487", "score": "0.97806567", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "American lower class", "text": "threshold, depending on the employment status of household members. While only about 12% of households fall below the poverty threshold at one point in time, the percentage of those who fall below the poverty line at any one point throughout a year is much higher. Working class as well as working poor households may fall below the poverty line if an income earner becomes unemployed. In any given year roughly one out of every five (20%) households falls below the poverty line at some point while up to 40% may fall into poverty within the course of a decade. American", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9803218", "score": "0.97471213", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Working poor", "text": "work. In 2009, according to the US Census Bureau's official definition of poverty, 8.8 million US families were below the poverty line (11.1% of all families). Of these families, 5.19 million, or 58.9%, had at least one person who was classified as working. In the same year, there were 11.7 million unrelated individuals (people who do not live with family members) whose incomes fell below the official poverty line (22% of all unrelated individuals). 3.9 million of these poor individuals, or 33%, were part of the working poor. The cost of raising a child from birth to age 18 for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3392150", "score": "0.952181", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Below Poverty Line", "text": "It has been implemented since then. Those spending over Rs 32 a day in rural areas and Rs 47 in towns and cities should not be considered poor, an expert panel headed by former RBI governor C Rangarajan said in a report submitted to the BJP government last week. The recommendation, which comes just ahead of the budget session of Parliament, is expected to generate fresh debate over the poverty measure as the committee's report has only raised the bar marginally. Based on the Suresh Tendulkar panel's recommendations in 2011-12, the poverty line had been fixed at Rs 27 in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13077482", "score": "0.9497262", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Mark Robert Rank", "text": "the \"likelihood of experiencing relative poverty at least once in their lifetime is surprisingly high\". Based on \"factors like race, education, marital status and age\", they \"constructed an [riskcalculator.org economic risk calculator]\" through which an individual could assess their \"chances of experiencing poverty in the next five, 10 or 15 years.\" In 2015, the poverty line in the United States for a family of four was about $24,000.\" By 2013, \"nearly 40 percent of Americans between the ages of 25 and 60 will experience at least one year below the official poverty line during that period ($23,492 for a family", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20178327", "score": "0.94758993", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Poverty in the United States", "text": "family of 4 with no children under 18 years of age is $22,541, while the figure for a family of 4 with 2 children under 18 is $22,162. For comparison, the 2011 HHS poverty guideline for a family of 4 is $22,350. Another way of looking at poverty is in \"relative\" terms. \"Relative poverty\" can be defined as \"having significantly less income and wealth than other members of society.\" Therefore, the relative poverty rate is a measure of income inequality. When the standard of living among those in more financially advantageous positions rises while that of those considered poor stagnates,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12449540", "score": "0.93483424", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Primary poverty", "text": "idea Seebohm Rowntree developed from Charles Booth, the poverty line Rowntree drew has the age of the individual along the bottom, showing main events in the persons life that would affect whether or not they were above or below the poverty line. These events include becoming married; their children beginning to earn; when the children leave home and marry; finally when the individual is above the age where they can work. The three main areas on the line where the individual is said to be below the poverty line are from the ages 515, 3040, and 65+. Primary poverty Primary", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9236259", "score": "0.9335951", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Poverty threshold", "text": "In United States, the poverty thresholds are updated every year by Census Bureau. The threshold in United States are updated and used for statistical purposes. In 2015, in the United States, the poverty threshold for a single person under 65 was an annual income of US$11,770; the threshold for a family group of four, including two children, was US$24,250. According to the U.S. Census Bureau data released on 13 September 2011, the nation's poverty rate rose to 15.1 percent in 2010.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Theories of poverty", "text": "employment and income. Using the 1999 official poverty line of $17,029 for a family of four, it was found that 9.4% of persons working full-time and 14.9% of persons working at least part-time did not earn enough annually to keep them above the poverty line. One study showed that 29% of families in The United States could go six months or longer during a hardship with no income. Over 50% of respondents said around two months with no income and another 20% said they could not go longer than two weeks. Low minimum wage, combined with part-time jobs which offer", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11898560", "score": "0.9295714", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Poverty in Mexico", "text": "below the national poverty line. The huge gap might be explained by the government's adopting the multidimensional poverty method as a way to measure poverty, so a person who has an income higher than the \"international poverty line\" or \"well being income line\" set by the Mexican government might fall in the \"moderate poverty\" category if he or she has one or more deficiencies related to social rights such as education (did not complete studies), nutrition (malnutrition or obesity), or living standards (including elemental, such as water or electricity, and secondary domestic assets, such as refrigerators). Extreme poverty is defined", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15101561", "score": "0.92504966", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Below Poverty Line", "text": "196/2001 filed by People's Union for Civil Liberties, the result of Below Poverty Line census 2002 need not be finalised. Later in October 2005 the Government of India informed that based on the advice given by the Additional Solicitor General, it has been decided to finalise the results of Below Poverty Line Census 2002 without deleting the Below Poverty Line families already existing in the Below Poverty Line list of Below Poverty Line Census 1997 and to follow the following procedure for finalisation of Below Poverty Line list. The Government of India then decided that the Below Poverty Line list", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13077486", "score": "0.91574836", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Poverty in the United States", "text": "insurance and medical care, transportation, and access to basic telecommunications take a much larger bite out of the family's income today than a half century ago; yet, as noted above, none of these costs are considered in determining the official poverty thresholds. According to John Schwarz, a political scientist at the University of Arizona: The issue of understating poverty is especially pressing in states with both a high cost of living and a high poverty rate such as California where the median home price in May 2006 was determined to be $564,430. In the Monterey area, where the low-pay industry", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12449563", "score": "0.91192555", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Below Poverty Line", "text": "to support the food requirements and does not provide much for the other basic essential items like health, education etc. That is why some times the poverty lines have been described as starvation lines. The Socio Economic Survey conducted during 2002 was based on 13 Socio economic indicators (enlisted by Government of India ) indicating the quality of life and by Score-based ranking for all households. Each of the indicators have 0–4 marks. Thus for 13 indicators, the tentative marks obtained by the families are from 0–52 for all the Districts. The Supreme Court of India in Writ Petition No.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13077485", "score": "0.9116392", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Poverty in the United States", "text": "inconsistent with how it is defined by its own citizens and the rest of the world, because the U.S. government considers many citizens statistically impoverished despite their ability to sufficiently meet their basic needs. According to a heavily criticised 2011 paper by The Heritage Foundation research fellow Robert Rector, of the 43.6 million Americans deemed by the U.S. Census Bureau to be below the poverty level in 2009, the majority had adequate shelter, food, clothing and medical care. In addition, the paper stated that those assessed as below the poverty line in 2011 have a much higher quality of living", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12449568", "score": "0.908463", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Social determinants of health in poverty", "text": "times more likely to lack insurance. Children below 200% of the poverty line were also less likely to have insurance than wealthier families. Also, in 2009 in the US, 20% of adults (ages 18–64) below 200% of the poverty line did not receive their necessary drugs because of cost, compared to only 4% of those above 400% of the poverty line. This can be seen in other nations, where in Asia, payments for healthcare pushed almost 3% of the population of 11 countries below 1 US$ per day. In impoverished communities, different social norms and stressors exist than in other", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16410092", "score": "0.9033314", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Income deficit", "text": "other being a ratio rather than a difference. The poverty threshold in the U.S. is updated each year by the U.S. Census Bureau. The number is adjusted according to inflation to reflect the updated cost of living in particular areas. In 2016 12.7% of Americans were living below the poverty threshold. Poverty thresholds depend on the number of people living in the household. There is still debate as to how to accurately calculate poverty, and which factors would be the most appropriate. While the poverty line reflects the general circumstances of a household (specifically, number of people and location), it", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11260516", "score": "0.9001732", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Asset poverty", "text": "poverty line may be taken at the international standard of $1.25 per day (or sometimes $2 per day). Poor rural families in particular do not receive, say, $1 each day; but rather this is a daily average (or corresponds to a yearly average of $365). The asset poor might by chance have income above the poverty line for a time like a month, but their level of assets predict they will be poor in an average month. Those defined as asset poor share several significant characteristics. Education level, household structure (race, age, gender, marriage status), and home ownership are all", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11252609", "score": "0.89442444", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Asset poverty", "text": "rise to 15.1 percent, the highest level in nearly two decades. More than 46 million people now live below the federal poverty line of $22,350 for a family of four. However, the official poverty rate released annually by the Census Bureau highlights just one aspect of household finances, namely the percentage of people with insufficient income to cover their day-to-day expenses. It does not count the number of families who have insufficient resources – money in the bank or assets such as a home or a car – to meet emergencies or longer-term needs. When these longer-term needs are factored", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11252607", "score": "0.8908072", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Poverty threshold", "text": "Poverty threshold The poverty threshold, poverty limit or poverty line is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country. In practice, like the definition of poverty, the official or common understanding of the poverty line is significantly higher in developed countries than in developing countries. In 2008, the World Bank came out with a figure (revised largely due to inflation) of $1.25 a day at 2005 purchasing-power parity (PPP). In October 2015, the World Bank updated the international poverty line to $1.90 a day. The new figure of $1.90 is based on ICP purchasing power parity (PPP)", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1462286", "score": "0.8863767", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Poverty in the Philippines", "text": "poverty threshold, also known as the poverty line, is the minimum income required to meet basic food needs and other non-food requirements such as clothing, housing, transportation, health, and education expenses. The food threshold is the minimum income required to meet basic food needs and satisfy the nutritional requirements set by the Food and Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI) to ensure that one remains economically and socially productive. Recent estimates for the poverty and food thresholds has been consistently increasing. The food threshold, being the estimate for minimum food expenditures, consistently comprises around 70% of the minimum income requirement or poverty", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16303454", "score": "0.8861965", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Poverty in the Philippines", "text": "Php 2,638, to get out of poverty. This was a slight decrease from 2012's income gap which requires an income of Php 2740 in order to overtake the poverty line. Poverty gap is the total income shortfall (expressed relative to the poverty line) of families with income below the poverty threshold, divided by the total number of families. It is also a measure of depth of poverty. The poverty gap for the first semester of 2014 was 5.4%, a 0.2 unit increase from 2013, which was 5.2%. According to the Asian Development Bank, in 2016 it was estimated that 60%", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16303457", "score": "0.88422835", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Hmong Americans", "text": "Hmong Americans living below the poverty line at 37.8%, an increase from recent years. This figure is over twice that of all Americans living below the poverty line, which is 16%. In a 2013, NPR discussion with a member of the Economic Policy Institute and co-author of the book The Myth of the Model Minority Rosalind Chou who is also a professor of sociology. One of them stated that \"When you break it down by specific ethnic groups, the Hmong, the Bangladeshi, they have poverty rates that rival the African-American poverty rate.\" As of 2014, factfinder census reveals that when", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5643441", "score": "0.88407755", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Hazard mitigation in the Outer Banks", "text": "the poverty line then the median household income should decrease as well. The percent below the poverty line for Currituck County was only 8.5% while Dare County saw that 16.3% of the people were below the poverty line and Hyde County had 20.4% of people who were below the poverty line. To give you a reference point, the state of North Carolina as a whole has 15.5% of people that are below the poverty line. The final statistic to include from the U.S. Census is the federal spending that each County received last year. While Hyde County only totaled $70,512", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16286757", "score": "0.8839588", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Below Poverty Line", "text": "rural areas and Rs 33 in urban areas, levels at which getting two meals may be difficult. The Rangarajan committee was tasked with revisiting the Tendulkar formula for estimation of poverty and identification of the poor after a massive public outcry erupted over the abnormally low poverty lines fixed by UPA government The Government of Kerala is one of the few state governments which has formulated its own criteria. In Kerala there are nine parameters. Families which lack access to four or more parameters are classified as BPL. The nine parameters for urban areas are: The poverty line was originally", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13077483", "score": "0.882542", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Poverty threshold", "text": "measure\". Poverty threshold The poverty threshold, poverty limit or poverty line is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country. In practice, like the definition of poverty, the official or common understanding of the poverty line is significantly higher in developed countries than in developing countries. In 2008, the World Bank came out with a figure (revised largely due to inflation) of $1.25 a day at 2005 purchasing-power parity (PPP). In October 2015, the World Bank updated the international poverty line to $1.90 a day. The new figure of $1.90 is based on ICP purchasing power parity", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1462308", "score": "0.8791273", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Poverty in the United States", "text": "of agriculture is the largest sector in the economy and the majority of the population lacks a college education, the median home price was determined to be $723,790, requiring an upper middle class income only earned by roughly 20% of all households in the county. Such fluctuations in local markets are, however, not considered in the Federal poverty threshold and thus leave many who live in poverty-like conditions out of the total number of households classified as poor. In 2011, the Census Bureau introduced a new supplemental poverty measure aimed at providing a more accurate picture of the true extent", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12449564", "score": "0.8770506", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Below Poverty Line", "text": "fixed in terms of income/food requirements in 2000. It was stipulated that the calorie standard for a typical individual in rural areas was 2400 calorie and was 2100 calorie in urban areas. Then the cost of the grains (about 650 g) that fulfil this normative standard was calculated. This cost was the poverty line. In 1978, it was Rs.61.80 per person per month for rural areas and Rs.71.30 for urban areas. Since then the Planning Commission calculates the poverty line every year adjusting for inflation. The poverty line in recent years is as follows – This income is bare minimum", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13077484", "score": "0.8763405", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Below Poverty Line", "text": "principle of universalisation or saturation or self-selection. This means following a priority list for each scheme, rather than following a single list of identified families for all schemes. For example, the people who put in manual work under Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act need not belong to families below the poverty line. Whoever is within the specified age bracket and is willing to get enrolled, can get covered. Similarly, the beneficiaries under National Food Security Act are identified by the State/UT Governments, with the ceiling/ coverage under TPDS determined for each State/UT by the central Government. This list", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13077492", "score": "0.87286794", "original_retrieval_index": 28 } ]

[ "Toby Gad", "BC Jean" ]

[ { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "writing, \"Singing with no band onstage, donning a glittery black dress with her signature red hair flowing to her shoulders, the legendary vocalist's performance scored a standing ovation.\" Jillian Mapes and Megan Vick of \"Billboard\" praised the performance, writing, \"As if Beyonce's 2008 ballad 'If I Were a Boy' wasn't moving enough, country queen Reba McEntire's smokey twang and solemn stance turned the song on its head.\" They also noted that the simple and powerful performance \"is enough to inspire tears, or at least goosebumps.\" Country Music Television's Chet Flippo felt that McEntire's performance was \"the musical highlight of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441175", "score": "1.2691858", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "\"elegant new musical direction\" for Beyoncé and praised it for being different from the songs played on Top 40 radio. By contrast, Stacey Anderson of \"Spin\" magazine was unimpressed with \"If I Were a Boy\", calling it a glistening and boring ballad. Adam Mazmanian of \"The Washington Times\" noted that the musical composition of \"If I Were a Boy\" has \"a spare [and] cinematic quality that [Beyoncé] fills with an expansive voice\", which nevertheless falters at times. A 2010 review of \"well-intended yet misguided feminist anthems\" in \"The A.V. Club\" noted the song had both a \"fresh perspective and a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441138", "score": "1.1885424", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "was an artist, so it was, like, 'Oh, this songwriter BC.' \" \"If I Were a Boy\" was the first song she ever recorded, and she initially did not intend to hand it to another singer. Jean said that the fact that Beyoncé recorded the ballad provided many opportunities, and she was approached by many people who wanted to purchase her lyrics. She refused their offers, desiring to use her songs for her own album. However, Jean still intends to write for other artists. \"If I Were a Boy\" is a midtempo pop and R&B ballad, with folk rock and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441124", "score": "1.1796577", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "wrote in his review of the album that \"If I Were a Boy\" has the \"most interesting lyrics\" of the entire record. In a separate review of \"If I Were a Boy\", Levine awarded it four stars out of five, writing that Beyoncé's vocals on the song are passionate. He praised the lyrics for not being overwritten and commended their \"emotional punch\" and \"very strong melody\" which he said can make people feel that they have always known the song. Pitchfork Media's Ryan Dombal called \"If I Were a Boy\" an \"effective and affecting gender-bender\". Allmusic writer Andy Kellman felt", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441136", "score": "1.1717807", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "magazine, Beyoncé explained that \"If I Were a Boy\" is \"broad\" and different from her previous releases because it is not a traditional R&B song. She added, \"I had to try it, because I remember Aretha Franklin said a great singer can sing anything and make it her own.\" Beyoncé was also motivated by her audience's strong expectations from her as a singer. While preparing her third solo album, Beyoncé wanted to experiment with stronger lyrics and record ballads like \"If I Were a Boy\" because, \"the music and the emotion in the story is told so much better. It's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441120", "score": "1.1658483", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "between the genders and indict the male side of relationships. \"If I Were a Boy\" was well received by critics, who complimented Beyoncé's tormented and emotive vocal performance and called the song her best work to date. The single was a commercial success as it placed in the top ten on twenty-five different singles charts. It topped the charts in more than eight European countries, including the United Kingdom, where it is Beyoncé's best-selling single. \"If I Were a Boy\" peaked at number three on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart and earned multi-platinum certifications in Australia, Canada, and the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441114", "score": "1.1574743", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "a low of F♯ to the high of E. Her singing gets higher and louder as she employs melodic crescendos. Critics noted that Beyoncé delivers a tormented performance with unwavering sentiments. The lyrics of \"If I Were a Boy\" are about a gender-swapping thought experiment, through which Beyoncé analyses the ideologies of a tense relationship. As she sings about things she would do if she were a boy, Beyoncé highlights the vulnerability of a woman and ponders how things would be different if men had women's sense of empathy. During the first part of the ballad, Beyoncé alternates between the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441126", "score": "1.1495523", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "All the Women I Am", "text": "\"If I Were a Boy\". McEntire's version became a viral video when she first performed the song on CMT's \"Unplugged\" earlier in 2010. Reba's next album was supposed to be a Christmas album but the song 'If I Were a Boy' changed McEntire's mind. Upon its release, \"All the Women I Am\" received generally positive reviews from most music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 74, based on 5 reviews, which indicates \"generally favorable reviews\". Michael McCall with the Associated Press gave it", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14967014", "score": "1.1388086", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "album. In an interview with Eric R. Danton of the \"Hartford Courant\", Jean was asked about her reaction when she heard that Beyoncé was recording \"If I Were a Boy\". She was initially surprised when people regarded her as a songwriter because she envisioned herself as \"do[ing] the whole artist thing as well\". Jean added, \"It's an amazing compliment, but I was like, 'That's great, but it's going to be on my album!' And it can be on my album, too, I just didn't realize how it worked ... At first when I got this, people didn't know that I", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441123", "score": "1.1359792", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "\"If I Were a Boy\" is a song performed by American singer and songwriter Beyoncé from her third studio album I Am... Sasha Fierce (2008). It was written by BC Jean and Toby Gad, who also handled its production alongside Beyoncé. Inspired by the difficult break-up of a romantic relationship, the song was initially recorded by Jean, whose record company rejected it. Beyoncé then recorded her own version. Jean was upset when she learned that Beyoncé was releasing it as a single, but eventually they reached an agreement. Columbia Records released \"If I Were a Boy\" to US radio on", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "sense of self-awareness\" but cast is as \"a soppy wallow in whiny self-pity and broad stereotyping\". Erika Ramirez and Jason Lipshutz of \"Billboard\" magazine placed \"If I Were a Boy\" at number 19 on a list of Beyoncé's 30 biggest \"Billboard\" hits published for Beyoncé's thirtieth birthday. They wrote that the song \"found Beyoncé at her most honest, drawing in both women and men\". \"If I Were a Boy\" was nominated for the Best Foreign Song at the 2009 Porin Awards in Croatia. On \"The Village Voice\"s year-end Pazz & Jop singles list, \"If I Were a Boy\" was ranked", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441139", "score": "1.1312004", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "\"If I Were a Boy\", Jean presented it to her record company, which rejected the song. Gad and Jean had co-written 12 songs, including \"If I Were a Boy\", for the singer's debut album. As the deal with Jean's record company fell apart, Gad marketed the songs to established artists. Beyoncé liked \"If I Were a Boy\" and recorded her own version of it for her album \"I Am... Sasha Fierce\". Gad and Beyoncé produced the track in 2008 at Roc the Mic Studios and Strawberry Productions in New York City and at GAD Studios in Ibiza. Gad did the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441118", "score": "1.1289059", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "that the singer channeled her \"ferocious onstage persona\", Sasha Fierce. Ann Powers of the \"Los Angeles Times\" compared Beyoncé's wardrobe and dancing with that of Ciara. In May 2012, Beyoncé performed \"If I Were a Boy\" during her revue at Revel in Atlantic City, New Jersey. Before Beyoncé started to sing, she noted that \"[everyone knows] how it feels to be hurt and lied to\". During the performance, she mashed Goo Goo Dolls' \"Iris\" (1998) and reworked the rhythm of \"If I Were a Boy\" to fit with the cover. Elysa Gardner of \"USA Today\" noted that the ballad \"became", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441158", "score": "1.1259966", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "evening\" and added that it was \"a lesson of what country music should be striving for these days\". Jon Caramanica of \"The New York Times\" gave a mixed review of her performance, writing that \"[McEntire] did something unexpected, softening her delivery and finding the creases in the song, as if Beyoncé were whispering to her from the wings.\" However, \"Entertainment Weekly\"s Mandi Bierly wrote that the lyrics were \"just too young for [McEntire], and when it comes to the chorus, I want someone to belt it\". If I Were a Boy \"If I Were a Boy\" is a song performed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441176", "score": "1.1241727", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "that though the ballad sounds like \"the watery backdrop for a singing competition finale\", it is the most outstanding song on \"I Am... Sasha Fierce\" thanks to its lyrics and Beyoncé's tormented performance. Colin McGuire of PopMatters felt that \"If I Were a Boy\" was the highlight of the first disc of the double album. Jon Caramanica of \"The New York Times\" described the song as one of the greatest pop songs of the last few years and one of Beyoncé's most complicated vocal performances. Joey Guerra of the \"Houston Chronicle\" commented that \"If I Were a Boy\" is an", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441137", "score": "1.1210408", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "a better connection because you can hear it and it's not all these other distractions. I really wanted people to hear my voice and hear what I had to say.\" After Jean's version of \"If I Were a Boy\" was rejected by her record company, she was upset that Beyoncé recorded and released the ballad. Roger Friedman of Fox News wrote that Jean was first informed that Beyoncé recorded the song by a stranger. \"The Daily Telegraph\" reported that Beyoncé's father and then-manager Mathew Knowles pursued the publishing rights of \"If I Were a Boy\" after realizing that it had", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441121", "score": "1.119597", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "US. The accompanying music video for \"If I Were a Boy\" was directed by Jake Nava and shot in black-and-white. With a theme of role reversal, it is conceptually similar to the American comedy film \"Freaky Friday\" (1976). A video for the Spanish version of the ballad was edited from the original clip. Beyoncé promoted \"If I Were a Boy\" through live performances at venues including \"The Oprah Winfrey Show\", the 52nd Grammy Awards, and the I Am... World Tour (2009–10). The song has been covered several times on televised music competitions. American singer Reba McEntire sang a country version", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441115", "score": "1.1194681", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "a jangly guitar-pop number\" during the show. Kyle Anderson of \"Entertainment Weekly\" wrote that \"the most attention-grabbing moments of the night... came when she dipped into other artists' catalogs\". In 2013, \"If I Were a Boy\" was included in the set list of The Mrs. Carter Show World Tour where it featured the string motif from The Verve's \"Bitter Sweet Symphony\" (1997). In January 2009, Matthew Zeghibe, a 26-year-old computer art student from Connecticut, used pitch-correction software to make a clip that he claimed was the soundboard recording of \"If I Were a Boy\" from Beyoncé's \"Today\" show appearance in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441159", "score": "1.1174545", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Reba McEntire", "text": "version of Beyoncé's \"If I Were a Boy\". On December 20, 2010, McEntire scored her 35th \"Billboard\" number-one single in the U.S. with \"Turn On the Radio\". The second single from \"All the Women I Am\" was a cover of Beyoncé's \"If I Were a Boy\", which McEntire took to No. 22. After it came \"When Love Gets a Hold of You\" at No. 40 and \"Somebody's Chelsea\" at No. 44. The latter was the only single that McEntire had co-written since \"Only in My Mind\" in 1985. McEntire later announced that she would be visiting 31 cities on her", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1670073", "score": "1.1160144", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "no amount of money, fame or skill can solve the basic inequity between her man's heart and her own.\" Sal Cinquemani of Slant Magazine wrote that \"If I Were a Boy\" could become as commercially successful as \"Irreplaceable\" because of its radio-friendly appeal. James Montgomery of MTV News complimented the \"tear-jerking power\" of \"If I Were a Boy\" and noted that it reveals \"sides of Beyoncé we never knew existed\". Matos Michaelangelo of \"The A.V. Club\" remarked that \"If I Were a Boy\" has \"boilerplate lyrics\" that would fit perfectly in a Hayley Mills film. Nick Levine of Digital Spy", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441135", "score": "1.1122804", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "\"If I Were a Boy\" to US radio on October 8, 2008, as a double A-side single album's alongside \"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)\" as the lead singles. The two songs showcased the contrast between Beyoncé's personality and her aggressive onstage persona, Sasha Fierce. A Spanish version of the song, titled \"Si Yo Fuera un Chico\", was digitally released in Mexico and Spain. \"If I Were a Boy\" is a pop and R&B introspective ballad which draws influences from folk rock through its instrumentation of which includes acoustic guitars, drums and strings. The song's lyrics lament the misunderstandings", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441113", "score": "1.1112621", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "called the song her best yet. \"Billboard\" magazine's critic Chuck Taylor wrote that \"If I Were a Boy\" is Beyoncé's \"most affecting offering\" since \"Listen\" (2006). He praised her vocals as \"breathtaking, exquisitely emotive, mournful, and mature\" and added that the song \"exudes the fragrance of a Grammy Award\". According to Ann Powers of the \"Los Angeles Times\", \"If I Were a Boy\" is Beyoncé's Streisand moment and \"a tender, fairly simple ballad that [she] uses to prove she's a great vocal actress\". Powers concluded, \"This isn't just another breakup song; it's an elegy for female empowerment, Beyoncé's admission that", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441134", "score": "1.1088597", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "finale in the UK. Beyoncé sang a medley of \"If I Were a Boy\" and Alanis Morissette's 1995 song \"You Oughta Know\" on January 31, 2010, at the 52nd Grammy Awards ceremony. She wore a \"futuristic, spiked black\" outfit with matching shoes, and \"pranced, spun and did the Dutty Wine while the crowd cheered in approval\", according to Jayson Rodriguez of MTV News. Beyoncé was also backed by 50 backup dancers dressed as a riot gear. Ben Sisario of \"The New York Times\" commented that Beyoncé \"was elaborately staged and typically athletic\" during the performance. William Goodman of \"Spin\" magazine", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441155", "score": "1.1044524", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "The following week, it fell to number three with sales of 57,917 copies. On November 23, 2008, it rebounded to number one, selling 47,949 copies, becoming Beyoncé's fourth number-one single in the UK as a solo artist; it was her sixth including her career with Destiny's Child. \"If I Were a Boy\" remained in the top five until the end of 2008 and was the 16th highest-selling single of that year. The ballad was certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) for sales of over 600,000 copies. It was the 68th highest selling single of the 2000s in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441144", "score": "1.0973352", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "Am... World Tour\" and \"\". Prior to the performance of the song at the tour, outtakes of its music video were used. Beyoncé later appeared performing \"If I Were a Boy\" wearing Ray-Bans, a leather breastplate, aviator shades and a bulletproof-looking one-piece further asking the crowd to sing along the track. During the bridge of the song, she included excerpts from Morissette's \"You Oughta Know\" and Tupac Shakur's \"California Love\" while imitating a male person with her moves. Alice Jones of \"The Independent\" wrote in her review that Beyoncé \"whip[s] up a quasi-feminist singalong.\" Caryn Ganz of \"Rolling Stone\" noted", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441157", "score": "1.0900333", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "the potential to become a big hit. Jean used her Myspace account to express her frustration: \"I have been reading some of these comments and to set the record straight from the horse's mouth – IF I WERE A BOY is my song; YES, I wrote this song; It is my story; a painful one, and the song is very dear to me. You can hear the original version on my myspace site.\" Friedman later reported that Beyoncé and Jean had come to terms. The deal included a promise that Beyoncé would record a duet with Jean for her debut", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441122", "score": "1.08351", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "as the second single from her studio album \"All the Women I Am\" (2010). McEntire revealed that she originally wanted to only cover her own hits. However, her husband and manager, Narvel Blackstock wanted her to do a cover song. Blackstock finally came up with the idea that she should record her own version of Beyoncé's \"If I Were a Boy\". Speaking about her version of the song, McEntire said: \"When I got the song and the lyrics, I thought it was an incredible song ... And, to me, it turned out to be a country song, when we got", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441171", "score": "1.0810226", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Jealous (Beyoncé song)", "text": "of the singer's \"If I Were a Boy\", sung by a grown woman. He went on to praise the \"frank, honest and vulnerable\" characteristics the singer decided to showcase in the song, opposed to her other material where she was reluctant to discuss about them. Wass finished his review by noting that \"Jealous\" would be a \"dark horse for a radio single down the line\". Brittany Spanos of \"The Village Voice\" described the song as a \"grown up version\" of \"If I Were a Boy\" with lyrics about \"persistent mistrust\". Latifah Muhammad of BET deemed the song a \"distant cousin\"", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17732004", "score": "1.0773324", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "(CRIA) for shipping over 5,000 units. Beyoncé first performed \"If I Were a Boy\" on November 6, 2008, at the MTV Europe Music Awards. She later performed the song during the sixth series of the British television show \"Strictly Come Dancing\" and the 2008 World Music Awards in Monaco on November 9, 2008, which was followed by another performance on \"The Oprah Winfrey Show\" on November 13, 2008. On November 16, 2008, backed by a live band, Beyoncé sang a medley of \"If I Were a Boy\", then switched to \"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)\", and concluded with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441153", "score": "1.0669932", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "If I Were a Boy", "text": "EPs were made available on February 3 and 10, 2009. A Spanish version of \"If I Were a Boy\" was translated by Rudy Pérez and mixed by Andrés Bermúdez at The Beach House in Miami. Titled \"Si Yo Fuera un Chico (If I Were a Boy)\", this version was only included on copies of \"I Am... Sasha Fierce\" in Mexico as well as iTunes Stores in Latin America and Spain, where it was released as a stand-alone single on February 3, 2009. \"If I Were a Boy\" was widely acclaimed by contemporary music critics, who applauded Beyoncé's vocal performance and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12441133", "score": "1.0612693", "original_retrieval_index": 32 } ]

[ "28 July 1914", "11 November 1918" ]

[ { "title": "World War One (TV series)", "text": "World War One (TV series) World War One is an American documentary television series that was shown on CBS during the 1964–1965 television season to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the start of the war. The series, which was produced by CBS News and featured 26 half-hour episodes, was narrated by Robert Ryan. \"World War One\" premiered on Tuesday nights at 8 pm Eastern Time. Mid-season it was moved to Sunday nights at 6:30 pm. Ratings competition from the second half-hour of ABC's \"Combat!\" and the second half-hour of NBC's \"Mr. Novak\" may have precipitated this time slot change. Re-released", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9927742", "score": "1.0059586", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "World War II", "text": "1931. Others follow the British historian A. J. P. Taylor, who held that the Sino-Japanese War and war in Europe and its colonies occurred simultaneously, and the two wars merged in 1941. This article uses the conventional dating. Other starting dates sometimes used for World War II include the Italian invasion of Abyssinia on 3 October 1935. The British historian Antony Beevor views the beginning of World War II as the Battles of Khalkhin Gol fought between Japan and the forces of Mongolia and the Soviet Union from May to September 1939. The exact date of the war's end is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "454794", "score": "0.9945807", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "War Comes to America", "text": "World War II is then described, beginning in 1931 with the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. The film examines how American public opinion gradually changed from one of isolationism to one of support for the Allied cause, and demonstrates this using a series of Gallup polls. In 1936, public opinion is firmly isolationist, with 95% of Americans answering NO to the question \"If another world war develops in Europe, should America take part again?\". Congress responded with an arms embargo and a \"Cash and carry rule\" when trading with belligerents in raw materials. In September 1937, the question \"In the current", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7511896", "score": "0.9897995", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Last Day of World War One", "text": "sides signed and the news was sent around the world that hostilities would cease at 11:00 am. Last Day of World War One The Last Day of World War One is an episode in the 2008 season of the Television series \"Timewatch\". The programme was a co-production between the Open University and the BBC and aired in November 2008 on BBC 2. The material was presented by Michael Palin who \"reveals the shocking truth that soldiers continued to be killed in battle for many hours after the Armistice had been signed.\" Palin recounts the personal stories of the last soldiers", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12641434", "score": "0.97157973", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Now the Hell Will Start", "text": "Now the Hell Will Start Now the Hell Will Start: One Soldier's Flight from the Greatest Manhunt of World War II (2008) is a narrative nonfiction history book by United States author Brendan I. Koerner. It investigates and recounts the story of Herman Perry, an African-American World War II soldier assigned in the China-Burma-India theatre of the war. Perry killed a white officer while helping construct the Ledo Road. He subsequently retreated into the Indo-Burmese wilderness and joined a tribe of the headhunting Nagas, successfully joining one village and marrying the fourteen-year-old daughter of one of the tribesmen. It also", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12086442", "score": "0.9702563", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "The war to end war", "text": "The war to end war \"The war to end war\" (also called \"The war to end all wars\") was a term for the First World War of 1914–1918. Originally idealistic, it is now used mainly sardonically. During August 1914, immediately after the outbreak of the war, British author and social commentator H. G. Wells published a number of articles in London newspapers that subsequently appeared as a book entitled \"The War That Will End War\". Wells blamed the Central Powers for the coming of the war and argued that only the defeat of German militarism could bring about an end", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14850900", "score": "0.9698479", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "It's Everybody's War", "text": "one by one, many of the parents get telegrams from the government saying that their children have died. People start joining the war effort with bravado, but then slack off, taking days off work and wasting resources, until May 6, 1942, when Corregidor falls, and the rest of the company is taken prisoner by the Japanese. The town then rallies, and more and more people go to work for war industries, go without luxuries to supply more materiel, and buy bonds. The next time that their company goes of to the front, they will have more planes, more tires, and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9556197", "score": "0.96689546", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "World War II", "text": "Africa and Asia. Most countries whose industries had been damaged moved towards economic recovery and expansion. Political integration, especially in Europe, emerged as an effort to end pre-war enmities and create a common identity. The start of the war in Europe is generally held to be 1 September 1939, beginning with the German invasion of Poland; the United Kingdom and France declared war on Germany two days later. The dates for the beginning of war in the Pacific include the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War on 7 July 1937, or even the Japanese invasion of Manchuria on 19 September", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "454793", "score": "0.96323615", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Last Day of World War One", "text": "Last Day of World War One The Last Day of World War One is an episode in the 2008 season of the Television series \"Timewatch\". The programme was a co-production between the Open University and the BBC and aired in November 2008 on BBC 2. The material was presented by Michael Palin who \"reveals the shocking truth that soldiers continued to be killed in battle for many hours after the Armistice had been signed.\" Palin recounts the personal stories of the last soldiers to die in the final days, hours and minutes of World War I. The programme commences with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12641429", "score": "0.95436406", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "World War I", "text": "World War I (WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war (including the victims of a number of genocides), a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "The Ending Chronicle", "text": "The Ending Chronicle 1945 – The end of World War II. It was a year that would be forever engraved in human history, but it was also the year when another war that does not have a special place in the pages of history ended. Those who knew of it named it the . Sixty years later, 2005. After the death of his grandfather, the high school student Mikoto Sayama, vice-president of the Taka-Akita Academy's Student Council, is suddenly summoned by the giant corporation IAI. There, he is informed of the existence of the UCAT institution and his grandfather's deep", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18694721", "score": "0.9537177", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "World War I", "text": "of the war, and this process continued throughout and after the end of hostilities, and is still underway, more than a century later. Historian Heather Jones argues that the historiography has been reinvigorated by the cultural turn in recent years. Scholars have raised entirely new questions regarding military occupation, radicalisation of politics, race, and the male body. Furthermore, new research has revised our understanding of five major topics that historians have long debated: Why the war began, why the Allies won, whether generals were responsible for high casualty rates, how the soldiers endured the horrors of trench warfare, and to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7594814", "score": "0.9536928", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Indy Neidell", "text": "the event. In April 2018, they launched the \"Between-2-Wars\" series to recap the Interwar period. On September 1, 2018, the 79th anniversary of World War II, the new major project about said war began; starting the week-by-week coverage in real time with a planned runtime of over 6 years. The Great War project officially ended on November 11th, 2018, exactly 100 years after the signing of the Armistice at Compiègne which formally ended all hostilities in the First World War. Neidell stated in his finale video that the channel will continue to release some episodes about events following the First", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19869938", "score": "0.9486103", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "1910s", "text": "World War I broke out in Europe on August 1, 1914. The conflict dragged on until a truce was declared on November 11, 1918, leading to the controversial, one-sided Treaty of Versailles, which was signed on June 28, 1919. The war's end triggered the abdication of various monarchies and the collapse of five of the last modern empires of Russia, Germany, China, Ottoman Turkey and Austria-Hungary, with the latter splintered into Austria, Hungary, southern Poland (who acquired most of their land in a war with Soviet Russia), Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia, as well as the unification of Romania with Transylvania and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "469821", "score": "0.94754577", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Went the Day Well?", "text": "after the war. He recounts: one Saturday during the Second World War, a group of seemingly authentic British soldiers arrive in the small, fictitious English village of Bramley End. It is the Whitsun weekend so life is even quieter than usual and there is almost no traffic of any kind. At first they are welcomed by the villagers, until doubts begin to grow about their true purpose and identity. After they are revealed to be German soldiers intended to form the vanguard of an invasion of Britain, they round up the residents and hold them captive in the local church.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5316000", "score": "0.9413767", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Modern history", "text": "history, culminating in [[the Holocaust]] and ending with the dropping of the [[atom bomb]]. Even though Japan had been invading in China since 1937, the conventional view is that the war began on September 1, 1939, when [[Nazi Germany]] invaded Poland, the [[Drang nach Osten]]. Within two days the United Kingdom and France declared war on Germany, even though the fighting was confined to Poland. Pursuant to a then-secret provision of its non-aggression [[Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact]], the Soviet Union joined with Germany on September 17, 1939, to conquer Poland and to divide Eastern Europe. The [[Allies of World War II|Allies]] were", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3563988", "score": "0.93867373", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "World War One (TV series)", "text": "in 1995, the series is available on video tape and DVD but no US video-on-demand services have it. The series is available on YouTube. The series begins with a review of the rivalries and tensions between the major European powers from 1870 to 1914, which culminated with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie in the city of Sarajevo by members of the Serbian Black Hand. The series then followed the course of the war, showing how more countries both in and out of Europe, such as Japan, the Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria, Romania and the United States,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9927743", "score": "0.93820477", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "World War I", "text": "Haeckel, who claimed that \"there is no doubt that the course and character of the feared 'European War' ... will become the first world war in the full sense of the word,\" citing a wire service report in \"The Indianapolis Star\" on 20 September 1914. Prior to World War II, the events of 1914–1918 were generally known as the Great War or simply the World War. Contemporary Europeans also referred to it as \"the war to end war\" or \"the war to end all wars\" due to their perception of its then-unparalleled scale and devastation. After World War II began", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7594622", "score": "0.9345846", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "World War One (TV series)", "text": "became involved in the war, as well as the war's various fighting fronts and campaigns. Various episodes examined the German atrocities in Belgium, the war at sea, trench warfare, the Russian Revolution, the Italian Front, air warfare, America's entry into the war, the home fronts of the various participants, the music of that era, the war's final campaigns, and the war's legacy. The series used archival footage from various national and private archives, some of which were at that point being seen by the public for the first time. Rather than use sound effects to simulate combat noises, the series", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9927744", "score": "0.93307406", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Three Secrets of Fátima", "text": "Asia as when the Second World War actually began, a view which also has qualified support from some Western historians. Some critics argue that the Russian Civil War (1918-1921), the Irish War of Independence (1919-1921), the Chinese Civil War (1927-1937), the war between Italy and Ethiopia (1935-1936), and the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), serve to illustrate that the prediction that one war will end and that another will start is not necessarily an indication of divine inspiration. Proponents of the prophecy will point out that the second secret called for a war worse than World War I, not simply any", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3518178", "score": "0.9329911", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Central Armed Forces Museum", "text": "the captured Nazi ones that were used during the Victory Parade in 1945. The Great Patriotic War differs from World War II in that it began on 22 June 1941 with the German invasion of the Soviet Union. World War II (in Europe), started on 1 September 1939 with the co-ordinated attacks of Germany and the Soviet Union on Poland. Part of the Great Patriotic War section is devoted to the Soviet Union's allies on the Western Front. There are examples of Soviet propaganda posters depicting Germany being crushed between the two fronts and maps of the Allied advance from", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10383368", "score": "0.9314502", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "World War III", "text": "destruction, could potentially make Earth's surface uninhabitable. Prior to the beginning of the Second World War, the First World War (1914–1918) was believed to have been the \"war to end all wars,\" as it was popularly believed that never again could there possibly be a global conflict of such magnitude. During the inter-war period between the two world wars, WWI was typically referred to simply as \"The Great War.\" The outbreak of World War II in 1939 disproved the hope that mankind might have already \"outgrown\" the need for such widespread global wars. With the advent of the Cold War", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "747463", "score": "0.9313656", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "World War One (TV series)", "text": "used original incidental music written by Morton Gould, performed by the CBS Symphony Orchestra under the direction of Alfredo Antonini. Re-released in 1995, the series is available on video tape and DVD. The series is not available for viewing on video on demand services like Hulu. World War One (TV series) World War One is an American documentary television series that was shown on CBS during the 1964–1965 television season to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the start of the war. The series, which was produced by CBS News and featured 26 half-hour episodes, was narrated by Robert Ryan. \"World", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9927745", "score": "0.93114024", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "World War III in popular culture", "text": "conflict seems to have ended, a Soviet radar malfunction, while US forces are on full SIOP alert, results in a civilization-killing nuclear exchange (\"There is no further historical record of what happens next\"); after \"ending\" just as the annihilation begins, the film rewinds to Gorbachev in East Berlin, and actually concludes with a montage of celebrations in Berlin as the Berlin Wall is freely crossed, danced upon and dismantled and the country is reunited (\"History... took a different path\"). After the September 11, 2001 attacks, a scenario of World War III beginning as a result of a nuclear or other", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8540851", "score": "0.92933846", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "United States in World War I", "text": "just as German U-boats started sinking American merchant ships in the North Atlantic. Wilson then asked Congress for \"a war to end all wars\" that would \"make the world safe for democracy\", and Congress voted to declare war on Germany on April 6, 1917. On December 7, 1917, the U.S. declared war on Austria-Hungary. U.S. troops began arriving on the Western Front in large numbers in 1918. After the war began in 1914, the United States proclaimed a policy of neutrality despite president Woodrow Wilson's antipathies against Germany. Early in the war, the United States started to favor the British", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14138904", "score": "0.9284963", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Eastern Front (World War II)", "text": "began just before dawn on 22 June 1941. The Germans cut the wire network in all Soviet western military districts to undermine Red Army's communications. Panicky transmissions from the Soviet front-line units to their command headquarters were picked up like this: \"We are being fired upon. What shall we do?\" The answer was just as confusing: \"You must be insane. And why is your signal not in code?\" At 03:15 on 22 June 1941, 99 of 190 German divisions, including fourteen panzer divisions and ten motorized, were deployed against the Soviet Union from the Baltic to the Black Sea. They", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2783367", "score": "0.9281757", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "The Beginning or the End", "text": "\"The Beginning or the End\" began on April 29, 1946, and continued until July 25 with retakes beginning on August 9, 1946. The production premiered in Washington, D.C. on February 19, 1947, with the national release of the film following on March 7, 1947. The filmmakers put considerable effort into many details for historical accuracy, such as military uniforms, and the details of the \"Enola Gay\" and its crew. Nine of the actors who portrayed the \"Enola Gay\" crew were actual veterans of World War II. However, the technical details of atomic processes and the bomb's design are wildly inaccurate", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10507428", "score": "0.9265543", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "End of World War II in Asia", "text": "End of World War II in Asia The end of World War II in Asia occurred on 14 and 15 August 1945, when armed forces of the Empire of Japan surrendered to the forces of the Allies. The surrender came over three months after the surrender of the Axis forces in Europe and brought an end to World War II. November 28, 1943 Tehran Conference: Soviet Union agrees to invade Japan \"after the defeat of Germany\" and begins stockpiling resources in the Far East. February 4, 1945 Yalta Conference: Soviet Union agrees to invade Japan within 3 months of German", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5109194", "score": "0.92543125", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "The War Is Over (1945 film)", "text": "The War Is Over (1945 film) The War Is Over is a 1945 five-minute Canadian short newsreel produced by the National Film Board of Canada (NFB). \"The War Is Over\" documents the end of the Second World War. The French version of the film is titled \"La guerre est finie\". On August 14, 1945, the United Nations at war with the Axis powers celebrated VJ Day, the day on which Japan surrendered in the Second World War. While Canadians celebrated in the streets, troops ships begin bringing back Canadian military forces, ready to come back to a peaceful and prosperous", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19359924", "score": "0.9230466", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "End of World War II in Europe", "text": "End of World War II in Europe The final battles of the European Theatre of World War II as well as the German surrender to the Allies took place in late April and early May 1945. Allied forces begin to take large numbers of Axis prisoners: The total number of prisoners taken on the Western Front in April 1945 by the Western Allies was 1,500,000. April also witnessed the capture of at least 120,000 German troops by the Western Allies in the last campaign of the war in Italy. In the three to four months up to the end of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2276860", "score": "0.9229685", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "Sheppard", "Zoe Badwi", "Louisa Johnson", "Bronnie", "The Vamps", "Ella Eyre", "Conor Maynard" ]

[ { "title": "Glory Days (Little Mix album)", "text": "Glory Days Tour was announced on 14 October 2016, and began on 27 October 2017. The European leg — which took place in May and June 2017 — was announced in November 2016. A leg in Oceania took place in July 2017. \"The Guardian\" called the album \"chart pop perfection.\" In another positive review, \"Digital Spy\" wrote \"Little Mix have put together their most personal album yet, without sacrificing big hooks, a mainstream pop sensibility and plenty of sassy attitude.\" The article continued by saying \"\"Glory Days\" hears four young women come together with a very real bond, making their", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19784399", "score": "1.2448114", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Glory Days (Little Mix album)", "text": "performed at the Jingle Bell Ball and also at The X Factor. Furthermore, Little Mix embarked on her fourth concert tour, The Glory Days Tour, starting on May and ending on November 2017. \"Shout Out to My Ex\" was released on 16 October 2016, as the album's lead single. The song was premiered on the day of release by a live performance on \"The X Factor\" results show before it was made available to download along with the pre-order of the album. The song debuted at number one on the UK Singles Chart. The song remained at number one for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19784395", "score": "1.2063742", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "The Glory Days Tour", "text": "act for the entirety of the UK & Ireland leg of The Glory Days Tour. As the winner of the third prize fight on \"The X Factor\", Lloyd Macey supported at the Manchester Arena show on 21 November 2017. Selected dates are part of the group's Summer Shout Out Tour across outdoor venues in the UK. They are not part of the UK leg of The Glory Days Tour. The tour grossed $42,000,000 after selling 810,810 tickets and became the 5th highest grossing tour by a girl group in history. The Glory Days Tour is Little Mix's 2nd entry on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19787922", "score": "1.1982356", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Glory Days (Little Mix album)", "text": "Glory Days (Little Mix album) Glory Days is the fourth studio album by British girl group Little Mix. It was released on 18 November 2016, by Syco Music and Columbia Records. The album was preceded by the UK number-one single \"Shout Out to My Ex\", released a month before. The single later won the Best British Single award at the 2017 BRIT Awards. The album debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and stayed there for four weeks; it later became their first album to yield more than two top ten singles when the fourth single, \"Power\", reached", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19784393", "score": "1.1974797", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Glory Days (Little Mix album)", "text": "album has been certified triple platinum in the UK for shipments of 900,000 units. Notes Adapted from AllMusic. Glory Days (Little Mix album) Glory Days is the fourth studio album by British girl group Little Mix. It was released on 18 November 2016, by Syco Music and Columbia Records. The album was preceded by the UK number-one single \"Shout Out to My Ex\", released a month before. The single later won the Best British Single award at the 2017 BRIT Awards. The album debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and stayed there for four weeks; it later", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19784402", "score": "1.1936519", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "The Glory Days Tour", "text": "the top 10 list of highest grossing girl group tours of all time; the first being their The Get Weird Tour ranked at number 8.. On 9 September 2016, Little Mix stated in an interview that they knew when their next tour would be, but fans would have to wait for further details. On 14 October 2016, Little Mix released the dates for the UK & Ireland leg of the tour, beginning on 27 October 2017 in Sheffield, Scotland. Ticket pre-sales were made available to fans who pre-ordered their new album and began on 19 October 2016 with general sale", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19787923", "score": "1.173545", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "The Glory Days Tour", "text": "beginning on 21 October 2016. Due to instant sell outs, extra dates were added in Newcastle, Belfast, Glasgow, Nottingham, Birmingham, and London. After overwhelming demand, the UK & Ireland leg was extended, and began on 9 October 2017 in Aberdeen, Scotland. European tour dates were announced on 21 November 2016, for May and June 2017, while dates in Oceania were added for July 2017 on 4 December 2016. On 13 January 2017 Little Mix announced an extension of the ‘Glory Days Tour’, entitled the Summer Shout Out. The shows ran from May to September 2017 throughout the UK in outdoor", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19787924", "score": "1.1645118", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Little Mix", "text": "number four in the UK At the 2017 Brit Awards the group was nominated for three awards, winning Best British Single for \"Shout Out to My Ex\", which they also performed on the awards show. \"No More Sad Songs\" was released on 3 March 2017, as the third single from \"Glory Days\". From February to April 2017 Little Mix toured North America as one of the opening acts for Ariana Grande on her Dangerous Woman Tour. The group then embarked on their own headlining The Glory Days Tour which began on 24 May 2017 in Europe, with the first UK", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16156190", "score": "1.162009", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Little Mix", "text": "date being on 9 October in Scotland. \"Power\" was released on 26 May 2017, as the fourth single from \"Glory Days\". In August 2017, Little Mix and Latin American boy band CNCO collaborated on a remixed version of the latter group's song \"Reggaetón Lento (Bailemos)\". The song was included on the reissue of \"Glory Days\", which was released on 24 November 2017, and featured a revised track listing of four remixed songs and three new songs, as well as a bonus documentary. As of November 2017, \"Glory Days\" has sold over 1.6 million copies worldwide. The group announced on 27", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16156191", "score": "1.1373204", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "The Glory Days Tour", "text": "The Vamps, Conor Maynard, Bronnie, Ella Eyre, Sheppard and Louisa Johnson were the opening acts on selected European dates, and Zoe Badwi, Jade Thirlwall's cousin, was supporting the gigs in Australia.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Little Mix discography", "text": "the third single \"Secret Love Song\" reached number six in the UK. \"Hair\" became the group's fourth top 10 single in Australia. In October 2016 Little Mix released the lead single \"Shout Out to My Ex\" from their fourth studio album \"Glory Days\". The song debuted at number one on the UK Singles Chart becoming their fourth chart topping single there. It sold 95,000 copies in combined sales in its debut week with 67,000 being downloads, making it the biggest opening week download sales for a song in 2016. \"Glory Days\" was released on 18 November 2016 and debuted at", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16926991", "score": "1.1266426", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Glory Days (Little Mix album)", "text": "15 November 2016 as the fourth single of the album, before being released as the second official single of the album. \"Nobody Like You\" was released on 16 November 2016 as the fifth promotional single of the album. The sixth and final promotional single, \"Down & Dirty\", was released on 17 November 2016. Promotion campaigns were arranged for fans in the UK, Australia, the US, France, Netherlands, Chile, Brazil, Argentina, Belgium, Germany, Norway, Finland and Singapore, called the Glory Days Road Trip. The group embarked on The Glory Days Tour in support of the album. The UK leg of The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19784398", "score": "1.1261411", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Glory Days (Little Mix album)", "text": "three consecutive weeks before falling to number two in its fourth week. On 5 December 2016, the group announced \"Touch\" as the second single from the album. On 1 March 2017, the group announced they would release \"No More Sad Songs\" as the third single from the album, on 3 March 2017. The new mix of the song features American hip-hop artist Machine Gun Kelly. On 19 May, Little Mix announced through their official Twitter that \"Power\" would be released as the album's fourth official single on 26 May 2017. Two hours after the announcement of the single's release, they", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19784396", "score": "1.1223519", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Touch (Little Mix song)", "text": "was part of Little Mix's setlist whilst supporting Ariana Grande on the North American leg of her Dangerous Woman Tour. \"Touch\" was a regular part of the setlist for the band's Glory Days Tour. Touch (Little Mix song) \"Touch\" is a song by British girl group Little Mix. It was released as the second single from their studio album \"Glory Days\". \"Touch\" reached the top ten in the United Kingdom and Ireland. A remixed version, featuring newly-recorded vocals from American rapper Kid Ink, was released on 28 February 2017. The remix of the song is included on \"\". The song", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19800581", "score": "1.1053964", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Little Mix", "text": "15 years, since Destiny's Child's \"Survivor\" in 2001. \"Glory Days\" has spent five weeks at number one on the UK album chart as of 13 January 2017, making it the longest reigning girl group number one since Spice Girls' debut 20 years ago, surpassing Destiny's Child's \"Survivor\". The album has reached number-one in Ireland, and debuted at number-two in Australia, and in the top 10 in the Netherlands, New Zealand and Spain. Little Mix announced on 5 December 2016 that \"Touch\" would be released as the second single from \"Glory Days\". It was released on 18 December 2016, and reached", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16156189", "score": "1.104192", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Georgia Germein", "text": "their song, \"Sunshine\". However, they failed to qualify to the expert check of the selection. In 2017, Germein toured with British girl group, Little Mix as a support act on their Summer Shout Out Tour, part of The Glory Days Tour. In early 2018, It was announced that Germein would be the support act, along side Rak-Su, for Little Mix's Summer Hits Tour 2018 Georgia released her debut album, \"Take My Hand\", in late 2010. Songs from this album have been played in stores across Australia such as David Jones, Peter Alexander, Colorado, and IKEA. ABC's Digital Music playlist also", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15662573", "score": "1.0978734", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Secret Love Song", "text": "however praise their vocal performances, and singled out Jade's as \"angelic\". Little Mix joined Derulo on his 2016 arena tour at The O Arena on 5 February 2016 to perform \"Secret Love Song\". On 12 February, Little Mix and Derulo performed the song on \"The Graham Norton Show\". The group performed regularly the second part as the solo version during The Get Weird Tour (2016), The Glory Days Tour (2017), by being the support act of Ariana Grande's Dangerous Woman Tour in the same year, and Summer Hits Tour (2018). Credits adapted from the album's liner notes. Secret Love Song", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19202479", "score": "1.0968378", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "LM5 The Tour", "text": "international dates while announcing the first leg of dates, \"International fans don't worry, we've got something coming for you!\" On November 26 Little Mix added 4 new shows to the tour. A brand new show in Aberdeen, where the tour will now start, a third show in Dublin, and third and fourth shows in Belfast, totaling 32 shows in the UK and Ireland. On December 5 Little Mix added a fifth London O2 Arena show due to phenomenal demand. On December 19 it was announced that Little Mix will visit South America for the first time to be part of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20947462", "score": "1.0916694", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Lina Makhul", "text": "and Twitter pages. In September 2017, Lina announced on her social media pages that she would be supporting British girl-group Little Mix on their upcoming UK & Ireland leg of The Glory Days Tour for all 37 arena dates from October–November 2017. Her first single \"This Ain't About You\" was released worldwide on the 29 April 2016. The track achieved a top 10 in the UK Music-Week's Club and Pop Charts. Her second single \"Dance Sucker\" rose even further to #4 in the UK Music Week's Official Club Chart, reflecting her growing international success. Single \"Dance Sucker\" was released as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17307638", "score": "1.0876927", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Little Mix", "text": "becoming their fourth chart topping single there. It sold 67,000 downloads in its opening week, becoming the biggest opening week download sales for a song in 2016 in the UK. \"Glory Days\" was released on 18 November 2016, and debuted at number one on the UK album chart, becoming the group's first UK number one album. The album sold 96,000 copies in combined sales in the first week which is the highest first week sales for a UK girl group number one album since the Spice Girls in 1997 and the fastest-selling number one album by any girl group in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16156188", "score": "1.0866815", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Little Mix", "text": "album; they later confirmed that they would be releasing new music \"before Christmas\". In an interview at V Festival in Chelmsford, the group announced that the lead single from their fourth studio album would be released in October 2016. On 13 October 2016, Little Mix announced the song's title as \"Shout Out to My Ex\" and that their fourth studio album would be called \"Glory Days\". \"Shout Out to My Ex\" was released on 16 October 2016, following the first live performance of the song on \"The X Factor\". The song debuted at number one on the UK Singles Chart", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16156187", "score": "1.071959", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Little Mix discography", "text": "number one on the UK album chart, becoming the groups first UK number one album. \"Glory Days\" sold 96,000 copies in combined sales in the first week which is the highest first week sales for a UK girl group number one album since the Spice Girls in 1997 and spent five weeks at number one making the album the longest reigning number one by a girl group since the Spice Girls. The album's second single, \"Touch\", was released in December 2016 and peaked at number four on the UK Singles Chart, later being certified double platinum in the UK for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16926992", "score": "1.0718261", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Glory Days (Little Mix album)", "text": "one in Ireland, and debuted at number two in Australia, and in the top 10 in the Netherlands, New Zealand and Spain. \"Glory Days\" spent a total of five non-consecutive weeks at number one in the UK Albums Chart, the longest run at the top by a girl group album since the Spice Girls spent 15 weeks at number one with \"Spice\" in 1996, and in March 2018 the album spent a 69th week in the top 40 of the UK Albums Chart, making it the longest-running girl group album in the top 40 ever. As of January 2018 the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19784401", "score": "1.0637841", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "LM5 The Tour", "text": "the first weekend of Rock in Rio Festival in Brazil. LM5 The Tour LM5 The Tour will be the sixth concert tour by British girl group Little Mix, in support of their fifth studio album, \"LM5\" (2018). The UK and Ireland tour was officially announced on 18 October 2018 through the band's social media. Pre-sale was available to fans who pre-ordered the album through the band's official site. General public tickets went on sale on 26 October 2018 and pre-sale began on 24 October 2018. On 26 October 2018 extra dates were added in Newcastle, Manchester, Birmingham, Glasgow, London, Dublin,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20947463", "score": "1.0591669", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Little Mix", "text": "November 2017 that they would be undertaking the Summer Hits Tour 2018, with tickets going on sale on 30 November. It began on 24 March 2018 in Chiba, Japan, by headlining the POPSPRING Festival 2018. This is the group's first stadium tour. In February 2018, Pinnock announced that the group were working on their fifth album, set for release in 2018, and that there would be a tour to accompany the album. On 14 June 2018, it was revealed that a song by Little Mix and American DJ trio Cheat Codes, \"Only You\", would be part of the compilation album", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16156192", "score": "1.056052", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "The Get Weird Tour", "text": "by their 2017 The Glory Days Tour ranked as the 5th highest in history. Little Mix released \"Black Magic\" as the lead single of their third studio album \"Get Weird\" in May 2015. On 17 July 2015, the group announced an extensive arena tour to commence in March 2016 in the United Kingdom and Ireland. 21 extra shows in the United Kingdom and Ireland were added due to high demand. In October 2015, the group announced dates in Oceania, making this the first time the group would headline a world tour. In December 2015, Asian dates were announced. In February", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18914097", "score": "1.0532033", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Salute Tour", "text": "May. A North America leg of the tour was announced on 21 April, 2014, with general public tickets going on sale 26 April 2015 and pre sale beginning 23 April 2014 On 4 July, 2014, Little Mix released a statement on their website, indicating the cancellation of the then-upcoming North American leg of the tour, due to wanting to be in the process of the creation of their third album. Salute Tour The Salute Tour was the second concert tour by British girl group Little Mix, in support of their second studio album, \"Salute\". The tour marks the first time", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17757706", "score": "1.052487", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Little Mix", "text": "Magic\" from their third studio album. The song debuted at number one in the UK and remained at the top of the chart for three weeks, becoming the first single by a girl group to do so since Sugababes's \"About You Now\" in October 2007. The single also reached number 3 in Ireland, number 4 in Belgium (Flanders), number 5 in Israel, number 8 in Australia and number 67 in the US, becoming their highest peaking single on Billboard Hot 100. The group performed the song for the first time in June 2015 for Capital's Summertime Ball at the Wembley", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16156181", "score": "1.049072", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Little Mix", "text": "Little Mix is mainly a pop, R&B, and dance-pop girl group. Their songs also include influences from other genres such as tropical house, Latin pop and electronic. Perrie Edwards cites Christina Aguilera, Whitney Houston, Mariah Carey, Michael Jackson and Steve Perry from the American rock band Journey as her musical influences. Jesy Nelson said to be inspired by Spice Girls, TLC and Missy Elliott. Leigh Anne Pinnock cites Mariah Carey as her biggest influence and Jade Thirlwall references Diana Ross as her favourite singer. Little Mix cite Beyoncé, Michael Jackson, Destiny's Child, En Vogue and Rihanna as their musical influences.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16156194", "score": "1.0475461", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "LM5 The Tour", "text": "LM5 The Tour LM5 The Tour will be the sixth concert tour by British girl group Little Mix, in support of their fifth studio album, \"LM5\" (2018). The UK and Ireland tour was officially announced on 18 October 2018 through the band's social media. Pre-sale was available to fans who pre-ordered the album through the band's official site. General public tickets went on sale on 26 October 2018 and pre-sale began on 24 October 2018. On 26 October 2018 extra dates were added in Newcastle, Manchester, Birmingham, Glasgow, London, Dublin, and Belfast. The group also said that they would add", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20947461", "score": "1.0407683", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "New England Patriots" ]

[ { "title": "2012 Pittsburgh Steelers season", "text": "other loss there was to the Packers in Super Bowl XLV). The Steelers hope to rebound at home against the second-place Bengals (8–6) next week in what is a must-win game for both AFC North rivals, as only one of them will be able to join Baltimore in the playoffs, unless the Indianapolis Colts lose their final two games or the Miami Dolphins lose at least one of their final two games. It will be the fourth straight week in which the Steelers will be featured on NFL on CBS's marquee game. Quarterback Ben Roethlisberger, for the second week in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16180671", "score": "0.95015603", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "2012 Pittsburgh Steelers season", "text": "a row, would throw a costly interception with a chance to win the game. With the loss, the Steelers not only fell to 7–8, but have also been eliminated from the playoff race for the first time since 2009 and faced their first non-winning season since 2006. It is also worth noting that the Steelers have missed the playoffs whenever they lost at least one game to Cincinnati during a given season from 2006 to 2012. Pittsburgh hopes to avoid getting swept by the Browns for the first time since 1988 during their home finale in Week 17, and facing", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16180672", "score": "0.93990207", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Ben Roethlisberger", "text": "who went 1-1. It was the Steelers first season missing the playoffs since 2009 and their first with a non-winning record since 2006. He finished ranked 61st among his fellow players on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2013. Roethlisberger threw for 4,261 yards and 28 touchdowns in sixteen games in 2013 as the Steelers finished the season with an 8-8 record. In Week 11, in a 37–27 victory over the Detroit Lions, he had 367 passing yards and four touchdowns to earn AFC Offensive Player of the Week. They missed the playoffs when the San Diego Chargers defeated the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3220857", "score": "0.9362109", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "1989–90 NFL playoffs", "text": "the Steelers, who had started the season with a 51-0 loss to Cleveland and a 41-10 loss to Cincinnati. They had been shutout three times, outgained by their opponents in ten consecutive games, and had to recover from a 4-6 record to get into the playoffs by winning five of their last six games. In a shootout, 33-year-old Browns linebacker Clay Matthews intercepted Bills quarterback Jim Kelly at the Cleveland 1-yard line with three seconds left to preserve a 34–30 victory. Kelly threw for 405 yards and four touchdowns while Browns quarterback Bernie Kosar threw for 251 yards and three", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4718374", "score": "0.922056", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "2007–08 NFL playoffs", "text": "It was their first playoff win in eight years and their first playoff win on the road in ten years. For the Steelers, it marked the first time in franchise history they lost to one team at home two times in a season. Pittsburgh opened up the scoring by marching 80 yards in 10 plays on their first drive and finishing it off with Najeh Davenport's 1-yard touchdown run. But Jaguars running back Maurice Jones-Drew returned the ensuing kickoff 96 yards to the 1-yard line, and Fred Taylor scored a 1-yard touchdown run on the next play. Early in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10873028", "score": "0.91515553", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "History of the Pittsburgh Steelers", "text": "Oakland later that day kept Pittsburgh from the playoffs. Throughout the season, the Steelers struggled harshly on special teams, giving up four kickoff return touchdowns. The Steelers sent 4 players to the Pro Bowl: Tight end Heath Miller (76 receptions, 789 receiving yards, and 6 touchdowns), nose tackle Casey Hampton (43 tackles/23 solo, and 2 sacks), and linebackers James Harrison (79 tackles/60 solo, 10 sacks, and 5 forced fumbles) and LaMarr Woodley (62 tackles/50 solo, 13 sacks, and 1 forced fumble). The 2010 off-season proved a disaster for the Steelers as Ben Roethlisberger was accused of unwelcome sexual advances on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6995690", "score": "0.90796", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "2010 Pittsburgh Steelers season", "text": "in the AFC North, falling short of the Playoffs. The Steelers played all of their home games at Heinz Field in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The off-season was marked by the trade of Santonio Holmes, and the six game suspension (then reduced to four games) of quarterback Ben Roethlisberger for off-the-field issues. The team did not re-sign free agent running back Willie Parker, who had been with the team since 2004. They added receiver Antwaan Randle El and linebacker Larry Foote, who were both with the team for their Super Bowl XL victory. The disappointing outcome of the 2009 season brought about", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14145383", "score": "0.9048408", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "2012 Pittsburgh Steelers season", "text": "would be knocked out of the game in the 3rd quarter with a shoulder injury and is reported to be out for next week's home game against the AFC North-leading Ravens. With their 3rd straight loss to the Ravens, the Steelers dropped to 6–4 and 2 games behind them in the AFC North. They are also now 1–1 in division games and 4–1 at home. By losing their first game to the Cleveland Browns in three years, the Steelers fall to 6–5 on the season, 1–2 against division rivals, 2–4 on the road, and 11–3 at Cleveland Browns Stadium. This", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16180666", "score": "0.9028611", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "2016 Pittsburgh Steelers season", "text": "They wrapped up the scoring later on when Roethlisberger ran for a touchdown himself from 4 yards out making the final score 21–14. With their third straight loss, the Steelers fell to 4–4 and move into a tie with the Ravens for the lead in the AFC North. The loss was also the Steelers' fourth straight loss to the Ravens as well as the fourth straight year losing to their top division rivals in Baltimore. The Steelers traveled home to take on the Cowboys. They would draw first blood in the first quarter when Ben Roethlisberger threw a 2-yard touchdown", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19122893", "score": "0.9014906", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "2016 Pittsburgh Steelers season", "text": "the AFC North for the second time in three years and made the playoffs for the third straight year. The team also improved upon their 10–6 record from 2015. Le'Veon Bell made his career first playoff appearance with the Steelers in the 2016–17 playoffs. The Steelers went on to defeat the Miami Dolphins in the Wild Card round and the Kansas City Chiefs in the Divisional round before losing to the eventual Super Bowl champion New England Patriots 36–17 in the AFC Championship Game. This was the Steelers' first appearance in the AFC Championship Game since the 2010–11 NFL Season.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Troy Polamalu", "text": "one interception in 16 games and 16 starts. The Steelers received a playoff berth after finishing second in their division with 12-4 record. On January 8, 2012, The Steelers faced the Denver Broncos in the AFC Wildcard game and Polamalu made four combined tackles in their 23-29 overtime loss. The Steelers lost on the first play of overtime after Tim Tebow threw an 80-yard touchdown pass to Demaryius Thomas. On January 31, 2011, Polamalu was named the AP Defensive Player of the Year after receiving 17 votes, beating out for the award fellow USC Trojan and Packers' linebacker Clay Matthews,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4227549", "score": "0.895691", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Ben Roethlisberger", "text": "the playoffs, winning the AFC North with an 11-5 record. They defeated the Dolphins 30-12 in the Wild card round, and beat the Chiefs 18-16 in the divisional round. However, the Steelers lost to the Patriots in the AFC championship 36-17. Roethlisberger was named to his third consecutive and fifth career Pro Bowl on December 20, 2016, and was ranked 22nd on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2017, just one spot below his ranking from the previous year. On October 8, 2017, against the Jacksonville Jaguars, Roethlisberger threw a career-high five interceptions as the Steelers lost by a score", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3220866", "score": "0.8936543", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "2007 Pittsburgh Steelers season", "text": "got injured on Pittsburgh's second offensive play of the game after getting tackled by LB Will Witherspoon. He would suffer a fractured right fibula, effectively ending his season. Following their road win over the Rams, the Steelers closed out the regular season with a Week 17 AFC North rematch with the Baltimore Ravens. Because Pittsburgh already cliched a playoff berth (via winning the division), most of their key players sat out the game. In the first quarter, the Steelers trailed early as Ravens RB Musa Smith got a 2-yard TD run, along with kicker Matt Stover managed to get a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9914374", "score": "0.8932828", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "2009 Baltimore Ravens season", "text": "get the last laugh as former Ravens kicker Matt Stover booted a 25-yard field goal. With the loss, Baltimore fell to 5–5. Following a close loss to the Colts the prior week, the much-hated Steelers came to town for a rematch of last year's AFC Championship Game. Steelers starting QB Ben Roethlisberger, who suffered a concussion in the previous week's overtime loss to the Chiefs did not start, and was the designated 3rd (emergency) quarterback. Backup Charlie Batch also was hurt in that game, which left 2nd-year QB Dennis Dixon, who previously had one pass in his NFL career, to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12844759", "score": "0.89277637", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "2003 Pittsburgh Steelers season", "text": "season as well as missing the playoff along with the 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2013. The team's 6–10 finish matched their worst under Bill Cowher (1999). In his final season with the team, linebacker Jason Gildon became the franchise's career sack leader during a game against the Arizona Cardinals on November 9. As of 2017, this is the most recent losing season for the Steelers, and the most recent time they have lost more than 9 games. Notable additions include Troy Polamalu and Ike Taylor. The team did gain some notoriety during the season. The NFL tried to make it", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11359045", "score": "0.8883753", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "History of the Pittsburgh Steelers", "text": "division title. Among the nine victories, the Steelers handed San Francisco its only loss of the season, en route to an impressive 18 win season and Super Bowl championship. In the divisional playoff against the Denver Broncos, the Steelers came back in the fourth quarter to win 24–17, but they lost the AFC Championship to Dan Marino (the Pittsburgh native whom the Steelers passed up in the 1983 Draft) and the Dolphins, 45–28. Despite career seasons from Lipps and Pollard, the Steelers' 1985 campaign collapsed in December, with them losing four of their last five to finish at 7–9. In", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6995639", "score": "0.8852961", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "2018 Pittsburgh Steelers season", "text": "it 21-17. The Raiders completed the comeback when Carr found Derek Carrier on a 6-yard pass to make the final score 24-21. With their third straight loss, the Steelers fell to 7-5-1 and 0-4 against the AFC West. Roethlisberger's record against the Raiders in Oakland also dropped to 0-4. After a tough road loss, the Steelers returned home for a game against the Patriots. In the first quarter, the Steelers scored first when Ben Roethlisberger found Vance McDonald on a 5-yard pass to make it 7-0. The Patriots tied the game up when Tom Brady found Chris Hogan on a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20411215", "score": "0.8851234", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "2010 Pittsburgh Steelers season", "text": "their overtime win over the Bills, the Steelers flew to M&T Bank Stadium for a Week 13 AFC North rematch with the Baltimore Ravens on Sunday night. Pittsburgh trailed in the first quarter as Ravens quarterback Joe Flacco completed a 14-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Anquan Boldin. After a scoreless second quarter, Pittsburgh answered in the third quarter with a 45-yard field goal from kicker Shaun Suisham. Baltimore would respond with kicker Billy Cundiff getting a 24-yard field goal. After adding a 19-yarder from Suisham, the Steelers defense would set up a 1st and Goal after safety Troy Polamalu", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14145416", "score": "0.8842174", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "2012 Pittsburgh Steelers season", "text": "bye-week 1–2, and eventually ended up being the only AFC North team to lose to the Raiders. After a scoreless first quarter, the Steelers drew first blood as Ben Roethlisberger connected with Rashard Mendenhall for a 13-yard catch for a TD to take a 7–0 lead. With 0:06 left in the first half, the Steelers increased their lead to 10–0 with a 20-yard field goal from Shaun Suisham going into halftime. In the 3rd quarter, the Eagles responded with Michael Vick's TD pass to WR LeSean McCoy to shorten the lead 10–7 for the only score of that quarter. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16180653", "score": "0.8842155", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "2008 Pittsburgh Steelers season", "text": "win over the Houston Texans en route to a 12–4 record, and a second straight AFC North Division title. In his second season as head coach Mike Tomlin was selected in fan balloting as the Motorola Coach of the Year. Linebacker James Harrison was named the NFL's Defensive Player of the Year after leading a defense which set the standard for the league in nearly every defensive category, including total yardage allowed, points allowed, passing yardage allowed, first downs allowed, yards per play, and yards per pass, among others. The playoffs began on January 11, 2009, with a win over", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11343634", "score": "0.88310474", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "AFC North", "text": "miss the rest of the season. In the playoffs, Cincinnati (quarterbacked by AJ McCarron) lost in a rematch with the Steelers, 18-16, in the final minutes of a heated battle. Pittsburgh advanced to the Divisional Round of the playoffs, only to lose to Peyton Manning and the eventual Super Bowl Champion Denver Broncos. The Steelers won the division title in 2016 after a 31-27 win over the Ravens on Christmas Day. Place cursor over year for division champ or Super Bowl team. <nowiki>+</nowiki> A players' strike in 1982 reduced the regular season to nine games. Because of the strike, the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5201073", "score": "0.8825249", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "2016 Pittsburgh Steelers season", "text": "Browns retook the lead when Cody Parkey nailed a 34-yard field goal to make it 24–21. The Steelers would eventually score the game-winning touchdown when Jones found Cobi Hamilton on a 26-yard pass to make the final score 27–24. With the win, the Steelers finished their season 11–5. The team also won seven games in a row for the first time since 2004 and finished the season 6-2 at home. The Steelers had wrapped the regular season up with the #3 seed and played against the sixth-seeded Dolphins at home. The Steelers would draw first blood with Ben Roethlisberger finding", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19122913", "score": "0.88249445", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "2014–15 NFL playoffs", "text": "all at Heinz Field. It is the Steelers' first loss in the playoffs against a division opponent since losing to the Philadelphia Eagles in the 1947 NFL Eastern Division playoff, and first-ever postseason loss to an AFC Central/AFC North rival since the 1970 merger. Missing their starting two receivers (Marvin Jones and A. J. Green), their top two tight ends (Tyler Eifert and Jermaine Gresham), and their starting right tackle (Andre Smith), the Bengals' injury-depleted offense could only muster 254 yards, while Indianapolis racked up 484 yards and 26 points. The Colts scored on their opening drive, advancing the ball", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18366242", "score": "0.88240343", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "2014 Pittsburgh Steelers season", "text": "the AFC North division title, but lost to the Baltimore Ravens in the Wild Card round of the playoffs by a score of 30–17. The Steelers became the first team in NFL history to have a 4,500-yard passer, 1,500-yard receiver and 1,300-yard rusher in the same season. (+) Compensatory Selection Draft trades Note: Intra-division opponents are in bold text. The Steelers started their 2014 season at home against the Browns. In the first quarter, the Steelers would score first when Shaun Suisham kicked a 36-yard field goal for a 3-0 lead. However, the Browns were able to tie it up", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17736791", "score": "0.8822899", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "2010 Pittsburgh Steelers season", "text": "by SS James Sanders and returned 32 yards for a touchdown (With a failed 2-point conversion). The Steelers tried to cut the lead with a Roethlisberger 15-yard TD pass to WR Mike Wallace, but the Patriots replied with Brady getting a 25-yard TD pass to Gronkowski. Again the Steelers tried to get closer when Roethlisberger completed a 33-yard TD pass to Wallace, but the Patriots put the game away after Graham hit a 36-yard field goal. With the loss, the Steelers fell to 6–3. Hoping to rebound from their loss to the Patriots, the Steelers stayed at home for a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14145412", "score": "0.8813737", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "2009 Pittsburgh Steelers season", "text": "Ryan Succop made a 22-yard field goal. With the overtime loss, the Steelers fell to 6–4. Following a shocking loss to the 3–7 Kansas City Chiefs the previous week, the Steelers traveled to M&T Bank Stadium for another divisional game. Ben Roethlisberger, who suffered a concussion in the previous week's overtime loss, was the designated 3rd (emergency) quarterback. Backup Charlie Batch also was hurt in that game, which left 2nd-year QB Dennis Dixon, who previously had one pass in his NFL career, to start. The Steelers received the opening kickoff, but went three-and-out. On the ensuing possession, the Ravens drove", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12855018", "score": "0.8795326", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Troy Polamalu", "text": "quarterback Andy Dalton, as the Steelers lost 10-13. The following week, he recorded three combined tackles, deflected two passes, and made the only interception of the season in a 24-10 win against the Cleveland Browns. Polamalu finished the season with a total of 34 combined tackles (29 solo), three pass deflections, one sack, and one interception in seven games and seven starts. One of the Steelers' top needs entering the draft was safety as Polamalu was entering the end of his career and had an injury-riddled season in 2012. The Steelers selected Shamarko Thomas in the fourth round of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4227552", "score": "0.8795084", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "2006 Pittsburgh Steelers season", "text": "December 24, 2006, therefore eliminating the Steelers from playoff contention, and ending their defense of their Super Bowl championship. The Steelers became the first Super Bowl champion since the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in 2003 to not reach the playoffs the following season. They fell to 7–8 and were swept by the Ravens.Stats Hoping to end their season on a high note, the Steelers flew to Paul Brown Stadium for an AFC North rematch with the Cincinnati Bengals. After a scoreless first quarter, Pittsburgh drew first blood in the second quarter with RB Willie Parker getting a 1-yard TD run. Afterwards,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8704990", "score": "0.8791001", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "2005–06 NFL playoffs", "text": "a third. Steelers running back Jerome Bettis rushed for the other touchdown. Pittsburgh scored on their opening drive, moving the ball 62 yards in 12 plays and ending it with a Jeff Reed field goal. Three plays after the kickoff, Broncos quarterback Jake Plummer lost a fumble while being sacked by Joey Porter and Steelers lineman Casey Hampton recovered it at the Denver 39-yard line. Four plays later, Roethlisberger's 12-yard touchdown pass to Wilson increased the Steelers lead to 10–0 on the first play of the second quarter. The Broncos responded by driving 55 yards and scoring with a field", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4915277", "score": "0.87648964", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "History of the Pittsburgh Steelers", "text": "and gave up more than twenty points in only two games. Mel Blount was named AFC Defensive Player of the Year, Franco Harris had 1,246 rushing yards (second behind O.J. Simpson), and Lynn Swann caught 11 touchdown passes. Terry Bradshaw delivered a much better performance than in his previous seasons, with 2,055 passing yards, 18 TDs, and only nine interceptions. The Steelers finished 12–2, best in the AFC. In the playoffs, Pittsburgh defeated the Baltimore Colts 28–10 in the first round, and survived a late scare from the Oakland Raiders (and a concussion by Swann) to win 16–10 in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6995627", "score": "0.8759168", "original_retrieval_index": 33 } ]

[ "John McConnell" ]

[ { "title": "John McConnell (peace activist)", "text": "of men.\" He was moved when he saw the first picture of the Earth printed in \"Life\" magazine. Later that picture became the symbol on the Earth Day flag which he designed and created. The Earth Day Flag was featured in the \"Whole Earth Catalogue\" and has been used ever since, all around the world, to show support of efforts to help people and planet. The Earth Day Flag is a symbol of Earth Day and is still part of the Earth Day Ceremony each year on the spring equinox at the United Nations. In October 1969, at the National", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10278220", "score": "1.2883124", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Columbia High School (New Jersey)", "text": "1982. Columbia High School was the first school in the nation to observe Earth Day, on April 17, 1970. Due to the fact that Columbia was on spring break on April 22, when Earth Day was scheduled for national observance, the presentation was known as Earth Day Minus Five and a specially prepared flag was run up the main flagpole. The all-day observance, which was coordinated by biology teacher Jeffrey Himmelstein, began with Congressman Joseph Minish as the keynote speaker; several noted scientists from the area conducted seminars. Featured was an assembly with films and slide shows that were created", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12941562", "score": "1.1816608", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Ecology Flag", "text": "the earliest recorded flyings of an actual Ecology Flag was in 1971. As a 16-year-old high school student, Betsy Boze, an environmental advocate and social activist, made a 3 x 5 foot green and white \"theta\" ecology flag to commemorate the first Earth Day (then called Ecology Day). Initially denied permission to fly the flag at C.E. Byrd High School in Shreveport, Louisiana, Vogel sought and received authorization from the Louisiana Legislature and Louisiana Governor John McKeithen in time to display the flag for Earth Day. Students at Harper College in Palatine, Illinois made an agreement with the administration to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9546747", "score": "1.1805829", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Flag of Earth", "text": "of McConnell's flag used screen-printing and used different colors: ocean and land were blue and the clouds were white. McConnell presented his flag to the United Nations as a symbol for consideration. Because of the political views of its creator and its having become a symbol of Earth Day, the flag is associated with environmental awareness, and the celebration of the global community. It was offered for sale originally in the \"Whole Earth Catalog\", and is the only flag which was endorsed by McConnell. \"The Blue Marble\" image was placed in the public domain, and the public nature of this", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3564734", "score": "1.1770469", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Ecology Flag", "text": "an image of a flag in their April 21, 1970 issue. It widely popularized the theta symbol, which it associated with the Greek word \"thanatos\" (death) in light of human threats to the environment and atmosphere of the earth. The flag was patterned after the flag of the United States, and had thirteen stripes alternating green and white with the green standing for unspoiled land and the white for clean air. Its canton was green with the ecology symbol where the stars would be in the United States flag. Ecology flags showed up many places in the 1970s. One of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9546746", "score": "1.1735296", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Gary Anderson (designer)", "text": "products and which could recognize a commitment to environmental sensitivity on the part of any manufacture who was engaged in recycling. The winning symbol would be given over to the public domain. The competition was also to honor the first Earth Day, which was held that same year on April 22. Anderson designed a symbol and submitted three variations of it to the competition. The alternatives actually represented Anderson's stepwise refinement of a basic idea involving three arrows – from a more elaborate design utilizing different tones and the word \"recycle\", to a simple black and white line drawing with", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13943629", "score": "1.1698823", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Ecology Flag", "text": "fly a homemade Ecology flag under the U.S. flag for the 1971-1972 school year. The flag flew over the Naval Civil Engineering Laboratory in Port Hueneme, California in 1973 and decorated a building as a mural in Mississippi Palisades State Park in Illinois in 1976. The flag continues to be used as a symbol of concern for the planet, showing up at the People's Climate March in 2017. Ecology Flag The Ecology Flag is a cultural symbol used primarily in the 1970s by American environmentalists. It is commonly thought of as a symbol of people's commitment to clean up the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9546748", "score": "1.1630657", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Flag of Earth", "text": "the World Passport (a fantasy travel document) with a proposed flag of the world. The astrological (and astronomical) symbol of Earth is another candidate for Earth's flag, often depicted with a blue background, with the symbol at its center. Another Earth flag was created around the same time in 1970 by a farmer from Homer, Illinois named James W. Cadle. Cadle's version of the Earth flag consists of a blue circle representing Earth in the center of the flag, a segment of a large yellow circle representing the sun and a small white circle for the moon, all on a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3564738", "score": "1.1571867", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Earth Day", "text": "chaired by the first Earth Day 1970 organizer Denis Hayes, according to whom Earth Day is now \"the largest secular holiday in the world, celebrated by more than a billion people every year.\" Walt Kelly created an anti-pollution poster featuring his comic strip character Pogo with the quotation \"We have met the enemy and he is us\" to promote the 1970 Earth Day. Environmental groups have sought to make Earth Day into a day of action to change human behavior and provoke policy changes. In the winter of 1969–1970, a group of students met at Columbia University to hear Denis", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1385844", "score": "1.1505", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Flag of Earth", "text": "A flag designed by John McConnell in 1969 for the first Earth Day is a dark blue field charged with The Blue Marble, a famous NASA photo of the Earth as seen from outer space. The first edition of McConnell's flag used screen-printing and used different colors: ocean and land were blue and the clouds were white. McConnell presented his flag to the United Nations as a symbol for consideration.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Flag of Earth", "text": "a world map 216 flags; including the flags of every UN member state, the United Nations, and several territories of larger nations. The World Flag has been flown at the UN Headquarters for the \"A Prayer for Peace\" event, The World Trade Center, Earth Day in Central Park, and at various other events around the world. In 2015 a Swedish artist, Oskar Pernefeldt, proposed the \"International Flag of the Planet Earth\". It was conceived to be used in space expeditions and it has two main purposes: The creators predict that it will be eventually used in Mars landing in 2025", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3564740", "score": "1.1394888", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Earth Day", "text": "Presidential Medal of Freedom award in recognition of his work. While this April 22 Earth Day was focused on the United States, an organization launched by Denis Hayes, who was the original national coordinator in 1970, took it international in 1990 and organized events in 141 nations. Numerous communities celebrate Earth Week, an entire week of activities focused on the environmental issues that the world faces. In 2017, the March for Science occurred on Earth Day (April 22, 2017) and was followed by the People's Climate Mobilization (April 29, 2017). On January 28, 1969, a well drilled by Union Oil", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1385839", "score": "1.1327065", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "John McConnell (peace activist)", "text": "UNESCO Conference in San Francisco, McConnell proposed a global holiday to celebrate Earth's life and beauty and to advance peace. Along with the celebration of life on Earth, he intended Earth Day to alert earthlings about the need for preserving and renewing the threatened ecological balances upon which all life on Earth depends. The proposal won strong support and was followed by an Earth Day Proclamation by the City of San Francisco, and the very first celebration of Earth Day on March 21, 1970. In June 1970, McConnell created the Earth Day Proclamation for worldwide use and awareness. The Earth", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10278221", "score": "1.1318521", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Michael C. Mitchell", "text": "landscape design and sustainable engineering services. Mitchell has developed offices in Tokyo, Moscow, Middle East offices in Doha, Qatar, an African base in Nairobi, Kenya and currently four offices in China, with its headquarters in Beijing. At Portland State University, Mitchell became one of the organizers of the First Earth Day in 1970, coordinating universities throughout America's northwest states. After his work on the First Earth Day, he was one of ten university students selected from across the nation by President Richard Nixon's Administration to form a national Youth Advisory Board on environmental matters, S.C.O.P.E (Student Council on Pollution and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20517674", "score": "1.1304984", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Earth Day", "text": "Park in Philadelphia. Other notable attendees included consumer protection activist and presidential candidate Ralph Nader; Landscape Architect Ian McHarg; Nobel prize-winning Harvard Biochemist, George Wald; U.S. Senate Minority Leader, Hugh Scott; and poet, Allen Ginsberg. Mobilizing 200 million people in 141 countries and lifting the status of environmental issues onto the world stage, Earth Day activities in 1990 gave a huge boost to recycling efforts worldwide and helped pave the way for the 1992 United Nations Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro. Unlike the first Earth Day in 1970, this 20th Anniversary was waged with stronger marketing tools, greater access", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1385847", "score": "1.118721", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Edward Furia", "text": "Earth Week, Edward Furia served as regional administrator of the Middle Atlantic Region of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, during which he brought about the first Clean Air Act case, against Getty Oil Company, which survived a supreme court test in 1972. In 1990, to commemorate the 20th anniversary of Earth Day, Furia assembled The Earth Day 20 Foundation, a group for which Senator Gaylord Nelson (the original founder of Earth Day) was honorary chairman. Furia highlighted the Earth Day 20 activities on April 22 in George, Washington with two live satellite phone calls. The first call was with members", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14490907", "score": "1.117862", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Earth Day", "text": "on the Environment. The first Earth Day proclamation was issued by San Francisco Mayor Joseph Alioto on March 21, 1970. Celebrations were held in various cities, such as San Francisco and in Davis, California with a multi-day street party. UN Secretary-General U Thant supported McConnell's global initiative to celebrate this annual event; and on February 26, 1971, he signed a proclamation to that effect, saying: May there be only peaceful and cheerful Earth Days to come for our beautiful Spaceship Earth as it continues to spin and circle in frigid space with its warm and fragile cargo of animate life.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1385860", "score": "1.1100864", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Earth Day", "text": "then a graduate student in Engineering Physics/Solar Engineering at Queen's University. Flora MacDonald, then MP for Kingston and the Islands and former Canadian Secretary of State for External Affairs, officially opened Earth Day Week on September 6, 1980 with a ceremonial tree planting and encouraged MPs and MPPs across the country to declare a cross-Canada annual Earth Day. The principal activities taking place on the first Earth Day included educational lectures given by experts in various environmental fields, garbage and litter pick-up by students along city roads and highways as well as tree plantings to replace the trees killed by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1385858", "score": "1.1084099", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Earth Day", "text": "to television and radio, and multimillion-dollar budgets. Two separate groups formed to sponsor Earth Day events in 1990: The Earth Day 20 Foundation, assembled by Edward Furia (Project Director of Earth Week in 1970), and Earth Day 1990, assembled by Denis Hayes (National Coordinator for Earth Day 1970). Senator Gaylord Nelson, the original founder of Earth Day, was honorary chairman for both groups. The two did not combine forces over disagreements about leadership of combined organization and incompatible structures and strategies. Among the disagreements, key Earth Day 20 Foundation organizers were critical of Earth Day 1990 for including on their", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1385848", "score": "1.1081535", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Environmentalism", "text": "slogan \"ecology is permanent economy\" were very influential. Another milestone in the movement was the creation of Earth Day. Earth Day was first observed in San Francisco and other cities on March 21, 1970, the first day of spring. It was created to give awareness to environmental issues. On March 21, 1971, United Nations Secretary-General U Thant spoke of a spaceship Earth on Earth Day, hereby referring to the ecosystem services the earth supplies to us, and hence our obligation to protect it (and with it, ourselves). Earth Day is now coordinated globally by the Earth Day Network, and is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5093183", "score": "1.1016735", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Recycling symbol", "text": "manner of pioneering stop motion photographer Eadweard Muybridge. The front-loading washing machines were then used to develop and process the 24 inch (61 cm) diameter circular film negatives. Recycling symbol The universal recycling symbol ( or in Unicode) is internationally recognized. Worldwide attention to environmental issues led to the first Earth Day in 1970. Container Corporation of America, a large producer of recycled paperboard, sponsored a contest for art and design students at high schools and colleges across the country to raise awareness of environmental issues. It was won by Gary Anderson, then a 23-year-old college student at the University", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4627871", "score": "1.0991758", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Earth Day", "text": "first Earth Day. In April 1970—along with a federal proclamation from U.S. Sen. Gaylord Nelson—the first Earth Day was held. Project Survival, an early environmentalism-awareness education event, was held at Northwestern University on January 23, 1970. This was the first of several events held at university campuses across the United States in the lead-up to the first Earth Day. Also, Ralph Nader began talking about the importance of ecology in 1970. The 1960s had been a very dynamic period for ecology in the US. Pre-1960 grassroots activism against DDT in Nassau County, New York, and widespread opposition to open-air nuclear", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1385866", "score": "1.0949504", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Environmental movement", "text": "the public eye Rachel Carson's \"Silent Spring\" sold over two million copies. The first Earth Day was celebrated on 22 April 1970. Its founder, former Wisconsin Senator Gaylord Nelson, was inspired to create this day of environmental education and awareness after seeing the oil spill off the coast of Santa Barbara in 1969. Greenpeace was created in 1971 as an organization that believed that political advocacy and legislation were ineffective or inefficient solutions and supported non-violent action. 1980 saw the creation of Earth First!, a group with an ecocentric view of the world – believing in equality between the rights", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "560585", "score": "1.0945024", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Flag of Earth", "text": "the whole structure collapsing. Finally, the deep-blue represents the ocean and the importance of water for life on Earth. The One World Flag is a concept published in 2018 by the German activist and visual artist Thomas Mandl. The design of the flag consists of a blue circle on a translucent blank background. Through the usage of Sheer fabrics, the environment blends into the flag background and thus becomes an integral part of the flag design representing the ever-changing nature of culture, society, politics, and environment of the planet earth. Flag of Earth Some individuals and organizations have promoted designs", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3564742", "score": "1.0942738", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Earth Day", "text": "Climate Literacy.\" The four toolkits are: 2017 also saw the Earth Day Network co-organize the March for Science rally and teach-in at the National Mall in Washington, D.C. According to Nelson, the moniker \"Earth Day\" was \"an obvious and logical name\" suggested by a lot of other people in the fall of 1969, including, he writes, both \"a friend of mine who had been in the field of public relations\" and \"a New York advertising executive,\" Julian Koenig. Koenig, who had been on Nelson's organizing committee in 1969, has said that the idea came to him by the coincidence of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1385856", "score": "1.0905952", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Earth Day", "text": "events—so he chose Wednesday, April 22. The day also fell after the anniversary of the birth of noted conservationist John Muir. The National Park Service, John Muir National Historic Site, has a celebration every year on or around Earth Day (April 21, 22 or 23), called Birthday-Earth Day, in recognition of Earth Day and John Muir's contribution to the collective consciousness of environmentalism and conservation. Unbeknownst to Nelson, April 22, 1970, was coincidentally the 100th anniversary of the birth of Vladimir Lenin, when translated to the Gregorian calendar (which the Soviets adopted in 1918). \"Time\" reported that some suspected the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1385868", "score": "1.0833615", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Gaylord Nelson", "text": "to discuss conservation issues. Senator Nelson founded Earth Day, which began as a teach-in about environmental issues on April 22, 1970. During his 1968 re-election campaign, Nelson was praised by Vince Lombardi, the General Manager and former coach of the Green Bay Packers, as the \"nation's #1 conservationist\" at a banquet in Oshkosh. Nelson's campaign turned Lombardi's banquet speech into a radio and television campaign commercial, infuriating Lombardi, the Wisconsin Republican Party, and Vince's wife, Marie, who was a staunch Republican. Although known primarily for his environmental work, Nelson also was a leading consumer advocate, strong supporter of civil rights", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1669627", "score": "1.0786836", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Recycling symbol", "text": "Recycling symbol The universal recycling symbol ( or in Unicode) is internationally recognized. Worldwide attention to environmental issues led to the first Earth Day in 1970. Container Corporation of America, a large producer of recycled paperboard, sponsored a contest for art and design students at high schools and colleges across the country to raise awareness of environmental issues. It was won by Gary Anderson, then a 23-year-old college student at the University of Southern California, whose entry was the image now known as the universal recycling symbol. The symbol is not trademarked and is in the public domain. The public-domain", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4627862", "score": "1.0779134", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Earth Day", "text": "United Nations secretary-general Kurt Waldheim observed Earth Day with similar ceremonies on the March equinox in 1972, and the United Nations Earth Day ceremony has continued each year since on the day of the March equinox (the United Nations also works with organizers of the April 22 global event). Margaret Mead added her support for the equinox Earth Day, and in 1978 declared: \"Earth Day is the first holy day which transcends all national borders, yet preserves all geographical integrities, spans mountains and oceans and time belts, and yet brings people all over the world into one resonating accord, is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1385861", "score": "1.0707376", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Michael Lewis Becker", "text": "Mayor Lindsay's commencement of annual Earth Day celebrations in New York City. The theme line they created for the campaign was: \"April 22, 1970. Earth Day. The beginning of the end of pollution\". In 1991 he created a print and television campaign for a private commission named by Mayor David N. Dinkins titled \"Operation Welcome Home.\" The purpose was to raise money and awareness for what would become the biggest ticker-tape parade in the city's history, a salute to all veterans, and a welcome home to soldiers from the Gulf War. In September 1998, he formed beckercommunications to advise clients", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16117354", "score": "1.0695727", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "displacement" ]

[ { "title": "Distance between two straight lines", "text": "Distance between two straight lines The distance between two straight lines in the plane is the minimum distance between any two points lying on the lines. In case of intersecting lines, the distance between them is zero, because the minimum distance between them is zero (at the point of intersection); whereas in case of two parallel lines, it is the perpendicular distance from a point on one line to the other line. Because the lines are parallel, the perpendicular distance between them is a constant, so it does not matter which point is chosen to measure the distance. Given the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17147069", "score": "1.0068855", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Distance between two straight lines", "text": "equations of two non-vertical parallel lines the distance between the two lines is the distance between the two intersection points of these lines with the perpendicular line This distance can be found by first solving the linear systems and to get the coordinates of the intersection points. The solutions to the linear systems are the points and The distance between the points is which reduces to When the lines are given by the distance between them can be expressed as Distance between two straight lines The distance between two straight lines in the plane is the minimum distance between any", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17147070", "score": "0.991812", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Line coordinates", "text": "is the distance from the origin to this perpendicular, and \"d\" is the length of the segment between reference and the given line. The motions of the line geometry are described with linear fractional transformations on the appropriate complex planes. Line coordinates In geometry, line coordinates are used to specify the position of a line just as point coordinates (or simply coordinates) are used to specify the position of a point. There are several possible ways to specify the position of a line in the plane. A simple way is by the pair where the equation of the line is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12957289", "score": "0.93403614", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Line (geometry)", "text": "point on the line between its end points. Depending on how the line segment is defined, either of the two end points may or may not be part of the line segment. Two or more line segments may have some of the same relationships as lines, such as being parallel, intersecting, or skew, but unlike lines they may be none of these, if they are coplanar and either do not intersect or are collinear. The \"shortness\" and \"straightness\" of a line, interpreted as the property that the distance along the line between any two of its points is minimized (see", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3681006", "score": "0.9258307", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Distance from a point to a line", "text": "Distance from a point to a line The distance (or perpendicular distance) from a point to a line is the shortest distance from a fixed point to any point on a fixed infinite line in Euclidean geometry. It is the length of the line segment which joins the point to the line and is perpendicular to the line. The formula for calculating it can be derived and expressed in several ways. Knowing the shortest distance from a point to a line can be useful in various situations—for example, finding the shortest distance to reach a road, quantifying the scatter on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13690251", "score": "0.90959525", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Line coordinates", "text": "Line coordinates In geometry, line coordinates are used to specify the position of a line just as point coordinates (or simply coordinates) are used to specify the position of a point. There are several possible ways to specify the position of a line in the plane. A simple way is by the pair where the equation of the line is \"y\" = \"mx\" + \"b\". Here \"m\" is the slope and \"b\" is the \"y\"-intercept. This system specifies coordinates for all lines that are not vertical. However, it is more common and simpler algebraically to use coordinates where the equation", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12957279", "score": "0.9080235", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Line (geometry)", "text": "Line (geometry) The notion of line or straight line was introduced by ancient mathematicians to represent straight objects (i.e., having no curvature) with negligible width and depth. Lines are an idealization of such objects. Until the 17th century, lines were defined as the \"[…] first species of quantity, which has only one dimension, namely length, without any width nor depth, and is nothing else than the flow or run of the point which […] will leave from its imaginary moving some vestige in length, exempt of any width. […] The straight line is that which is equally extended between its", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3680979", "score": "0.90204966", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Distance from a point to a line", "text": "the same point and the line is |\"ax\" + \"c\"| / |\"a\"|, as measured along a horizontal line segment. If the line passes through two points \"P\"=(\"x\",\"y\") and \"P\"=(\"x\",\"y\") then the distance of (x,y) from the line is: The denominator of this expression is the distance between \"P\" and \"P\". The numerator is twice the area of the triangle with its vertices at the three points, (x,y), \"P\" and \"P\". See: . The expression is equivalent to formula_4, which can be obtained by rearranging the standard formula for the area of a triangle: formula_5, where \"b\" is the length of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13690254", "score": "0.9004263", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Euclidean distance", "text": "unit of length and a direction along the line to call positive. The second point is then uniquely determined as the point on the line that is at a distance of one positive unit from the origin. The distance between any two points on the real line is the absolute value of the numerical difference of their coordinates. It is common to identify the name of a point with its Cartesian coordinate. Thus if \"p\" and \"q\" are two points on the real line, then the distance between them is given by: In one dimension, there is a single homogeneous,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "651313", "score": "0.8997803", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Distance", "text": "The distance covered by a vehicle (for example as recorded by an odometer), person, animal, or object along a curved path from a point A to a point B should be distinguished from the straight-line distance from A to B. For example, whatever the distance covered during a round trip from A to B and back to A, the displacement is zero as start and end points coincide. In general the straight-line distance does not equal distance travelled, except for journeys in a straight line.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Rhumb line", "text": "or by solving a nonlinear system of two equations in the two unknowns and . There are infinitely many solutions; the shortest one is that which covers the actual longitude difference, i.e. does not make extra revolutions, and does not go \"the wrong way around\". The distance between two points Δ, measured along a loxodrome, is simply the absolute value of the secant of the bearing (azimuth) times the north–south distance (except for circles of latitude for which the distance becomes infinite): where is one of the earth average radii. Its use in navigation is directly linked to the style,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1853416", "score": "0.88645536", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Position angle", "text": "distance is the distance along a great circle that runs through and . It is calculated in a plane that contains the sphere center and the great circle, where is the angular distance of two points viewed from the center of the sphere, measured in radians. The cosine of the angle is calculated by the dot product of the two vectors If the ship steers straight to the North Pole, the travel distance is If a ship starts at and swims straight to the North Pole, the travel distance is The \"cosine formula\" of spherical trigonometry yields for the angle", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7239781", "score": "0.8863543", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Distance from a point to a line", "text": "has coordinates: Horizontal and vertical lines In the general equation of a line, \"ax\" + \"by\" + \"c\" = 0, \"a\" and \"b\" cannot both be zero unless \"c\" is also zero, in which case the equation does not define a line. If \"a\" = 0 and \"b\" 0, the line is horizontal and has equation \"y\" = -\"c\"/\"b\". The distance from (\"x\", \"y\") to this line is measured along a vertical line segment of length |\"y\" - (-\"c\"/\"b\")| = |\"by\" + \"c\"| / |\"b\"| in accordance with the formula. Similarly, for vertical lines (\"b\" = 0) the distance between", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13690253", "score": "0.8843063", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Vertical position", "text": "the ground or a building. Certain vertical coordinates are not based on length, for example, geopotential numbers. Vertical position Vertical position or vertical location is a position along a vertical direction above or below a given vertical datum. Vertical distance or vertical separation is the distance between two vertical positions. Many vertical coordinates exist for expressing vertical position: depth, height, altitude, elevation, etc. Each quantity may be expressed in various units: metres, feet, etc. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO), more specifically ISO 19111, offers the following two definitions: ISO 6709 (2008 version) makes the following additional definition: The International", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19559786", "score": "0.88079834", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Proper length", "text": "spacetime, the proper distance between two events is the proper distance along a straight path between the two events. In a curved spacetime, there may be more than one straight path (geodesic) between two events, so the proper distance along a straight path between two events would not uniquely define the proper distance between the two events. Along an arbitrary spacelike path \"P\", the proper distance is given in tensor syntax by the line integral formula_6, where In the equation above, the metric tensor is assumed to use the +−−− metric signature, and is assumed to be normalized to return", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3244851", "score": "0.8796095", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Navigation", "text": "upon taking an initial bearing, one proceeds along the same bearing, without changing the direction as measured relative to true or magnetic north. Most modern navigation relies primarily on positions determined electronically by receivers collecting information from satellites. Most other modern techniques rely on crossing lines of position or LOP. A line of position can refer to two different things, either a line on a chart or a line between the observer and an object in real life. A bearing is a measure of the direction to an object. If the navigator measures the direction in real life, the angle", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "290195", "score": "0.87800705", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Expansion of the universe", "text": "latitude and longitude, and x-y graphs are common examples of coordinates. A metric is a formula which describes how a number known as \"distance\" is to be measured between two points. It may seem obvious that distance is measured by a straight line, but in many cases it is not. For example, long haul aircraft travel along a curve known as a \"great circle\" and not a straight line, because that is a better metric for air travel. (A straight line would go through the earth). Another example is planning a car journey, where one might want the shortest journey", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8289735", "score": "0.87795925", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Line and length", "text": "Line and length Line and length in cricket refers to the direction and point of bouncing on the pitch of a delivery. The two concepts are frequently discussed together. The line of a delivery is the direction of its trajectory measured in the horizontal plane. More simply, it is a measure of how far to the left or right the ball is travelling, compared to a line drawn straight down the pitch. It is usually referred to in terms of the directions off (away in front of the batsman) and leg (in towards or behind the batsman), rather than left", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6398532", "score": "0.8773532", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Vanishing point", "text": "line. 2. Let , , and be three mutually orthogonal straight lines in space and , , be the three corresponding vanishing points respectively. If we know the coordinates of one of these points, say , and the direction of a straight line on the image plane, which passes through a second point, say , we can compute the coordinates of both and 3. Let , , and be three mutually orthogonal straight lines in space and , , be the three corresponding vanishing points respectively. The orthocenter of the triangle with vertices in the three vanishing points is the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2837436", "score": "0.87614965", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Gee (navigation)", "text": "At long ranges the hyperbolic lines approximate straight lines radiating from the center of the baseline. When two such signals from a single chain are considered, the resulting pattern of lines becomes increasingly parallel as the baseline distance becomes smaller in comparison to the range. Thus at short distances the lines cross at angles close to 90 degrees, and this angle steadily reduces with range. As the accuracy of the fix depends on the crossing angle, all hyperbolic navigation systems grow increasingly inaccurate with increasing range. When examining the signal on the expanded display, timing was based on 1/10 of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2961879", "score": "0.8718906", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Line (geometry)", "text": "the variables \"x\", \"y\", and \"z\" defines a plane, so two such equations, provided the planes they give rise to are not parallel, define a line which is the intersection of the planes. More generally, in \"n\"-dimensional space \"n\"-1 first-degree equations in the \"n\" coordinate variables define a line under suitable conditions. In more general Euclidean space, R (and analogously in every other affine space), the line \"L\" passing through two different points \"a\" and \"b\" (considered as vectors) is the subset The direction of the line is from \"a\" (\"t\" = 0) to \"b\" (\"t\" = 1), or in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3680995", "score": "0.8716226", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Topography", "text": "determined by the measurements made in two photographic images (or more) taken starting from different positions, usually from different passes of an aerial photography flight. In this technique, the common points are identified on each image. A line of sight (or ray) can be built from the camera location to the point on the object. It is the intersection of its rays (triangulation) which determines the relative three-dimensional position of the point. Known control points can be used to give these relative positions absolute values. More sophisticated algorithms can exploit other information on the scene known a priori (for example,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "845058", "score": "0.8711319", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Navigation", "text": "can then be drawn on a nautical chart and the navigator will be on that line on the chart. In addition to bearings, navigators also often measure distances to objects. On the chart, a distance produces a circle or arc of position. Circles, arcs, and hyperbolae of positions are often referred to as lines of position. If the navigator draws two lines of position, and they intersect he must be at that position. A fix is the intersection of two or more LOPs. If only one line of position is available, this may be evaluated against the Dead reckoning position", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "290196", "score": "0.869841", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Vertical position", "text": "Vertical position Vertical position or vertical location is a position along a vertical direction above or below a given vertical datum. Vertical distance or vertical separation is the distance between two vertical positions. Many vertical coordinates exist for expressing vertical position: depth, height, altitude, elevation, etc. Each quantity may be expressed in various units: metres, feet, etc. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO), more specifically ISO 19111, offers the following two definitions: ISO 6709 (2008 version) makes the following additional definition: The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) offers similar definitions: ICAO further defines: I.e., elevation would be the altitude of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19559785", "score": "0.86873543", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Long line (topology)", "text": "much longer in one direction: we say that it is long at one end and short (open) at the other. The long line is longer than the real lines in both directions: we say that it is long in both directions. However, many authors speak of the “long line” where we have spoken of the (closed or open) long ray, and there is much confusion between the various long spaces. In many uses or counterexamples, however, the distinction is unessential, because the important part is the “long” end of the line, and it doesn't matter what happens at the other", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2193469", "score": "0.8664883", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Parallel (geometry)", "text": "on the primitive notion of \"direction\". According to Wilhelm Killing the idea may be traced back to Leibniz. Wilson, without defining direction since it is a primitive, uses the term in other definitions such as his sixth definition, \"Two straight lines that meet one another have different directions, and the difference of their directions is the \"angle\" between them.\" In definition 15 he introduces parallel lines in this way; \"Straight lines which have the \"same direction\", but are not parts of the same straight line, are called \"parallel lines\".\" Augustus De Morgan reviewed this text and declared it a failure,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3152417", "score": "0.86642444", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Total station", "text": "color, up to a few hundred meters. The coordinates of an unknown point relative to a known coordinate can be determined using the total station as long as a direct line of sight can be established between the two points. Angles and distances are measured from the total station to points under survey, and the coordinates (X, Y, and Z or easting, northing and elevation) of surveyed points relative to the total station position are calculated using trigonometry and triangulation. To determine an absolute location a Total Station requires line of sight observations and can be set up over a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3193426", "score": "0.8662454", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Piloting (navigation)", "text": "a fix is where two or more position lines intersect at any given time. If three position lines can be obtained, the resulting \"cocked hat\", where the 3 lines do not intersect at the same point, but create a triangle where the vessel is inside, gives the navigator an indication of the accuracy in the three separate position lines. If two geographic features are visually aligned (the edge of an island aligned with the edge of an island behind, a flag pole and a building, etc.), the extension of the line joining the features is called a \"transit\". A transit", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2243884", "score": "0.8657278", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Position resection", "text": "two position lines approaches 90 degrees. Magnetic bearings are observed on the ground from the point under location to two or more features shown on a map of the area. Lines of reverse bearings, or \"lines of position\", are then drawn on the map from the known features; two and more lines provide the resection point (the navigator's location). When three or more lines of position are utilized, the method is often popularly (though erroneously) referred to as triangulation (in precise terms, using three or more lines of position is still correctly called \"resection\", as angular law of tangents (cot)", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12063389", "score": "0.8652651", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Parallel (geometry)", "text": "equidistant line definition of Posidonius, expounded by Francis Cuthbertson in his 1874 text \"Euclidean Geometry\" suffers from the problem that the points that are found at a fixed given distance on one side of a straight line must be shown to form a straight line. This can not be proved and must be assumed to be true. The corresponding angles formed by a transversal property, used by W. D. Cooley in his 1860 text, \"The Elements of Geometry, simplified and explained\" requires a proof of the fact that if one transversal meets a pair of lines in congruent corresponding angles", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3152419", "score": "0.864483", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "James Martin Lafferty" ]

[ { "title": "Nathan Scott", "text": "Nathan Scott Nathan Royal Scott is a fictional character from the CW television series \"One Tree Hill\", portrayed by James Lafferty. Following Lucas Scott's departure, Nathan has become the main character and central figure of the show. Nathan is Lucas's younger half-brother. He fell in love with Lucas's best friend, Haley James; despite various problems in their relationship, the couple was eventually married and had a son, Jamie, in season four and a daughter, Lydia, in season eight. Considered to be an anti-hero at the beginning of the first season, Nathan became a much friendlier and more caring person as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6816511", "score": "1.3752265", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "James Lafferty", "text": "of the book of the same name by John Feinstein. The film centered on the 1985–86 season of Indiana University's college basketball team. In 2003, Lafferty was cast in his breakout role of Nathan Scott on The WB/The CW teen drama series \"One Tree Hill\". The series follows two estranged half-brothers, Nathan and Lucas Scott, who are put on the same basketball team, jeopardizing Nathan's position as the star player. In May 2011, The CW renewed the series for a ninth and final season, for which Lafferty chose to return on a recurring basis rather than in a full-time starring", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4523118", "score": "1.3720618", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Lucas Scott", "text": "aspirations. Specifically regarding the character's impact on female viewers, \"Entertainment Weekly\" stated that his soulful eyes contributed to the show's success. Chad Michael Murray was the first person to be cast for \"One Tree Hill.\" The producers were originally unsure as to who Murray would play. Series creator Mark Schwahn wanted him to play the character of Nathan Scott since Murray had played a bad guy several times before, and he felt it was only natural to give him this role. Murray, however, wanted to portray Lucas due to a connection he felt with the character. He felt that he", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6142675", "score": "1.280212", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Nathan Scott", "text": "and kids) but his mistakes made him fall short of. BuddyTV ranked him #12 in its list of the \"15 TV's Hottest Dads\" but was described as not the best father for initially ignoring his family after his accident, though he does redeem himself afterwards. Nathan Scott Nathan Royal Scott is a fictional character from the CW television series \"One Tree Hill\", portrayed by James Lafferty. Following Lucas Scott's departure, Nathan has become the main character and central figure of the show. Nathan is Lucas's younger half-brother. He fell in love with Lucas's best friend, Haley James; despite various problems", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6816564", "score": "1.2656912", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "James Lafferty", "text": "Lafferty attended Hemet High School (where he played on the school's basketball team) until 2003, after which he enrolled at California State University, Long Beach. At age eighteen, he moved to Wilmington, North Carolina, having been cast as Nathan Scott in \"One Tree Hill\". In 1997, at age twelve, Lafferty made his small-screen acting debut with a voice-over role in the made-for-television film \"Annabelle's Wish\". Lafferty has since made guest appearances on television series' such as \"Once and Again\", \"Get Real\", and \"Boston Public\". In 2002, Lafferty starred in the ESPN made-for-television film \"A Season on the Brink\", an adaptation", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4523117", "score": "1.237297", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "One Tree Hill (season 5)", "text": "Tree Hill\"'s ratings were second only to \"Smallville\" for scripted dramas at the CW. Schwahn went on to say that \"we'd love the opportunity to continue season five, and if the WGA's new contract is ratified, hopefully we'll be able to do just that. If not, we'll see you for season six.\" On February 15, the CW announced that six additional episodes would be produced to wrap up the season due to the conclusion of the strike. For season five, Jackson Brundage was cast as James Scott, the child of Nathan and Haley Scott. Barry Corbin reprised his role as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10431034", "score": "1.2314768", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "One Tree Hill (season 9)", "text": "have another time jump and will see the characters lives five years in the future. Zap2it said that fans of Nathan and Haley's relationship can look forward to \"plenty of shared scenes between Lafferty and Bethany Joy Lenz\", despite his reduced role in the season. Nathan will be kidnapped during the season, and Haley and Dan will be searching for him. According to a promotional video shown at the end of an evening of events—\"An Evening with One Tree Hill\"; the opening moments of the seasons first episode is narrated by Nathan. He speaks over scenes of a burning building", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15631621", "score": "1.2199323", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "One Tree Hill (season 5)", "text": "4 featured the Scott family, consisting of Bethany Joy Galeotti's character, Haley James Scott and James Lafferty's character, Nathan Scott. The sixth and last diary, posted on December 11, featured all the new faces of the show, commented by Mark Schwahn, Joe Davola, the six main teens and the above listed new faces (minus Jamie). The season opening to 3.36 million viewers and a 1.5 adults 18-49 rating. Episode two aired back-to-back with the season premiere and achieved season highs in viewers (3.57 m) and adults 18-49 (1.6). The season finale matched season highs in adults 18-49 with a 1.6", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10431039", "score": "1.2180291", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Lucas Scott", "text": "Lucas Scott Lucas Eugene Scott is a fictional character and the main protagonist from The WB/CW television series \"One Tree Hill\", portrayed by Chad Michael Murray. Lucas is a talented basketball player and writer. He is rival to half-brother Nathan Scott, before the two eventually become close friends. While striving for his dreams, he must balance his tumultuous relationships with his father, Dan Scott, and the two women enveloping his love life, Peyton Sawyer and Brooke Davis. The character has been described as popular among teenagers and young adults, not only for his skill at basketball but for his romantic", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6142674", "score": "1.2109077", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "James Lafferty", "text": "James Martin Lafferty (born July 25, 1985) is an American actor, director and producer. He is best known for his portrayal of Nathan Scott on The CW teen drama television series One Tree Hill from 2003 to 2012.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "One Tree Hill (TV series)", "text": "As he was writing the pilot script, he was planning on doing that, he really didn't know how it would pan out or what would happen. But, the fans have responded so passionately towards it, and I'm not really sure why.\" However, Lafferty has said that there is a genuine relationship between Nathan and Haley: \"It started as something sort of based on betrayal and deceit. It then kind of transgressed over into something based on actual true love. So, I think that it's a transition that the fans really bought into, and I think that people really enjoy to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3781839", "score": "1.2026234", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Bethany Joy Lenz", "text": "so until two years later. Over the course of season six Lenz shadowed several directors, watched them prepare, and went on location scouts. Lenz directed two more episodes. After eight seasons on air, \"One Tree Hill\" returned for thirteen episodes in its ninth and final season, with Bethany famously sashaying around in thigh high boots to save her husband. On November 17, 2011, Lenz filmed her last scenes as the character Haley James Scott. The show ended on April 4, 2012. In September 2012, it was confirmed that Lenz would be guest starring on an episode of \"Men at Work\".", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15335890", "score": "1.1947732", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Bethany Joy Lenz", "text": "Bethany Joy Lenz Bethany Joy Lenz (formerly Galeotti; born April 2, 1981), also known as Joie Lenz and Joy Lenz, is an American actress, singer-songwriter and filmmaker. She is best known for her portrayal of Haley James Scott on The WB/CW television drama \"One Tree Hill\". She also starred as Michelle Bauer Santos on the CBS Daytime soap opera \"Guiding Light\", and is recognized for her music as a solo artist and as a member of the band Everly. While on a trip to Los Angeles, Lenz landed her first professional job in a commercial for dolls from the teen", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15335884", "score": "1.18476", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "One Tree Hill (season 5)", "text": "a multi-episode arc. Robbie Jones joined the cast as Quentin Fields, a difficult student and member of the \"Ravens\". Kelly Collins Lintz became a guest as Mouth's boss Alice. Lisa Goldstein was cast as Brooke's assistant as Millicent Huxtable. Kevin Federline is appears in a multi-episode arc this season playing Jason, as well as singer/songwriter Kate Voegele who portrays Mia. Joe Manganiello has also been added as Owen, a bar tender at \"Tric\". Mary Kate Englehardt returned to play the role of Lily Roe Scott. On November 6, 2007, The CW posted the first \"One Tree Hill\" online diary, a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10431037", "score": "1.1835831", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Lucas Scott", "text": "holds resentment towards Dan and refuses to show up at the hospital after Dan is shot by one of Nathan's kidnappers during the rescue attempt. Lucas has been popular among teenagers and young adults, especially among female fans of the series. His love life has been heavily debated among viewers. Don Williams of BuddyTV stated, \"If you're a huge fan of \"One Tree Hill\", chances are you've had a debate at some point about who Lucas Scott should ultimately settle down with.\" He added that the shipping fandom can be \"an extremely rabid bunch\" and there were fans who wanted", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6142714", "score": "1.1819377", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "One Tree Hill (season 8)", "text": "interview, Hilarie Burton stated that she will not be returning to the show due to her busy schedule. Despite rumors to the contrary, Bethany Joy Galeotti has said she will be with the series until the end. Paul Johansson reprised his role as Dan Scott for one episode. Stephen Colletti was upgraded to series regular status from episode 14, after appearing in a recurring capacity since season four. \"Movieline\" reported that \"The Blind Side\" actor Quinton Aaron would appear in the 14th episode of the season. He played Tommy, a student in Nathan's business class, whom he formed a bond", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14594223", "score": "1.1708155", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "One Tree Hill (season 1)", "text": "first season, under the title of \"One Tree Hill: The Complete First Season\", on January 25, 2005, as a six-disc boxed set. The first season follows junior Lucas Scott as he joins his high school basketball team and forges a relationship with his half-brother Nathan Scott, while also coming to terms with who he is and who his father is. The season also explores the love lives of the boys as they develop relationships with characters like Peyton Sawyer, Haley James and Brooke Davis, while the parents of these teens must also face the past in order to move on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10386785", "score": "1.164", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Bethany Joy Lenz", "text": "that has been recorded. Bethany Joy Lenz Bethany Joy Lenz (formerly Galeotti; born April 2, 1981), also known as Joie Lenz and Joy Lenz, is an American actress, singer-songwriter and filmmaker. She is best known for her portrayal of Haley James Scott on The WB/CW television drama \"One Tree Hill\". She also starred as Michelle Bauer Santos on the CBS Daytime soap opera \"Guiding Light\", and is recognized for her music as a solo artist and as a member of the band Everly. While on a trip to Los Angeles, Lenz landed her first professional job in a commercial for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15335909", "score": "1.1630487", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Bethany Joy Lenz", "text": "Michael Murray, and wife of Nathan Scott, portrayed by James Lafferty. During her time on \"One Tree Hill\", Lenz was also offered the role of Belle in \"Beauty and the Beast\" when it was still in production on Broadway, but turned it down due to scheduling conflicts. Lenz appeared in an episode of \"Life Unexpected\" alongside Kate Voegele as part of a crossover-event between \"One Tree Hill\" and \"Life Unexpected\". In the sixth season, Lenz made her directorial debut. She initially approached producer Greg Prange in 2007 with the idea of directing but was not given the opportunity to do", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15335889", "score": "1.1591971", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Barbara Alyn Woods", "text": "Barbara Alyn Woods Barbara Alyn Woods (born ) is an American actress. She is best known for her roles in television series \"One Tree Hill\" and \"\". Woods has acted professionally since 1988. She is best known for portraying Deborah \"Deb\" Scott on the WB/CW teen drama series \"One Tree Hill\". She starred in the show from 2003 to 2009 and appeared on the final season in 2012. She started out recurring in season 1 and was upgraded to full series regular status in November sweeps. Due to the format change of the show she only appeared in four episodes", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5994732", "score": "1.1580706", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Friends with Benefit", "text": "Boy, Audioslave, Tyler Hilton as well as leukemia survivor Andrew McMahon and his band, Jack's Mannequin. Bethany Joy Lenz who portrays Haley James Scott in the series also sang a song on the show that appeared on this album. The album debuted and peaked at No. 54 on the \"Billboard 200\" and No. 3 on the \"Billboard Top Soundtracks\" chart. \"Allmusic\" gave the album 3 out of 5 stars, concluding the compilation was an \"eclectic set that improves on the original album.\" Friends with Benefit Friends with Benefit: Music from the Television Series One Tree Hill, Volume 2 is the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12307492", "score": "1.1551918", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Paul Johansson", "text": "Paul Johansson Paul Joseph Otto Johansson (born January 26, 1964) is an American-Canadian actor and director in film and television, best known for playing Dan Scott on the WB/CW series, \"One Tree Hill\", and for his role as Nick Wolfe on the short lived \"\" spin-off \"\". He directed the 2011 film adaptation of Ayn Rand's novel, \"\". Paul Johansson was born in Spokane, Washington, the son of ice hockey player Earl Johnson, but raised in Kelowna, British Columbia He was an athlete like his father and played for the Canadian Olympic Basketball Team and for the University of British", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7793350", "score": "1.1531813", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "One Tree Hill discography", "text": "proceeds has been donated to The National Breast Cancer Foundation. Some artists that recorded songs featured on this album (and show) are Gavin DeGraw, Fall Out Boy, Nada Surf, as well as leukemia survivor Andrew McMahon and his band, Jack's Mannequin. Singer-songwriter and actor Tyler Hilton also appeared on the show, and one of his songs was featured upon this album. Bethany Joy Lenz, who appeared as Haley James Scott on \"One Tree Hill\" also sang a song on the show that appeared on this album. The Road Mix: Music from the Television Series One Tree Hill, Volume 3, the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9239898", "score": "1.1498688", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "One Tree Hill (TV series)", "text": "One Tree Hill (TV series) One Tree Hill is an American television drama series created by Mark Schwahn, which premiered on September 23, 2003, on The WB. After the series' third season, The WB merged with UPN to form The CW, and from September 27, 2006, the series was broadcast by The CW in the United States until the end of its run in 2012. The show is set in the fictional town of Tree Hill in North Carolina and initially follows the lives of two half-brothers, Lucas Scott (Chad Michael Murray) and Nathan Scott (James Lafferty), who compete for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3781806", "score": "1.1491059", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "One Tree Hill (season 9)", "text": "the show for the final season as regulars, whilst former series regulars Chad Michael Murray, Antwon Tanner, Barbara Alyn Woods, and Craig Sheffer guest star. The season opened to 1.75 million viewers and a 0.9 Adults 18–49 rating, up 26% in viewers compared to its season eight finale. The final episode aired on April 4, 2012, concluding the series with 1.43 million viewers. The ninth and final seasons deals with the disappearance and ransom of Nathan Scott. Clay battles a drug addiction and later learns of a secret that turns his life upside down. Brooke faces a demon from her", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15631605", "score": "1.135511", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "One Tree Hill (TV series)", "text": "running series on The CW network, or the networks that came together to make it up (The WB and UPN), only behind \"Smallville\", \"7th Heaven\", and \"Supernatural\". The series concluded on April 4, 2012. The main storyline in the early seasons is the relationship between two half-brothers, Lucas and Nathan Scott, who start out as enemies but bond as the show progresses. In the pilot episode, Lucas becomes a member of the Tree Hill Ravens (the high school basketball team) with the help of his uncle Keith. Nathan, the head of the team, dislikes Lucas from the start, and this", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3781811", "score": "1.1285305", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "One Tree Hill (TV series)", "text": "becomes the basis of their rivalry. Lucas's romantic interest in Nathan's girlfriend Peyton Sawyer also strengthens their feud. Peyton's best friend Brooke Davis tries to date Lucas, and Nathan attempts to date Lucas's best friend Haley James. The story of Lucas and Nathan's father Dan Scott is occasionally explored through flashbacks, which show his relationships with Karen Roe, Lucas's mother, and Deb Scott, Nathan's mother, and how he ended up with one woman rather than the other. He had a high school romance with Karen, resulting in Lucas's birth, but he refused to claim Lucas as his son. Leaving Karen,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3781812", "score": "1.1240455", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Tyler Hilton", "text": "Josh Groban as an artist chosen by AOL Breaker for his star potential. In addition to his own albums, Hilton has also appeared on each of the three different \"One Tree Hill\" soundtrack albums, some with formerly unreleased material that cannot be found anywhere else. Most notably, the cover of the Ryan Adams song \"When the Stars Go Blue\", which was arranged into a duet with One Tree Hill star Bethany Joy Lenz for the show; also, a cover of \"Missing You\" by John Waite and the original track \"You'll Ask For Me\". In 2005, he was part of a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5158042", "score": "1.1223097", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "One Tree Hill (season 7)", "text": "both Austin Nichols who plays Julian Baker a character introduced in the sixth season. This season also saw the return of Danneel Harris who had previously portrayed bad girl Rachel Gatina. Nichols has been promoted to a series regular while Harris will be recurring for at least seven episodes, beginning with the second episode of the seventh season. In an interview with new cast member Shantel VanSanten, she had noted the return of Lindsey McKeon as Taylor James, the sister of Haley and Quinn, midway through the season. While speaking on the return of Taylor, VanSanten also revealed that her", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13250735", "score": "1.121256", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "One Tree Hill (TV series)", "text": "were various: \"One Tree Hill\" is known for its numerous voice-overs featuring either literary quotes or characters reflecting on events of the episode. Most of them have been made by Chad Michael Murray's character Lucas. However, other characters have done so several times. Guest stars Bryan Greenberg, Sheryl Lee, Torrey DeVitto, and Ashley Rickards have also done voice-overs for single episodes. Characters who interact with the main cast, such as Bevin, Chase, Shelly and Glenda, helped to narrate the joint episodes, being portrayed by Bevin Prince, Stephen Colletti, Elisabeth Harnois and Amber Wallace. As the show progresses, songs continue to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3781844", "score": "1.1210549", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "Connor and Owen Fielding", "Wyatt and Dylan Walters" ]

[ { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid (film)", "text": "It is the only film in the series to be directed by Freudenthal, who was replaced by David Bowers for the rest of the installments. The film was theatrically released on March 19, 2010 in the United States by 20th Century Fox. Greg Heffley, a small 11 year old who constantly fights with his teenage brother Rodrick and younger brother Manny, is apprehensive about beginning middle school. On his first day, he quickly discovers the ups and downs, such as the missing stall doors in the boys' bathroom and the difficulties of obtaining a seat during lunch. During P.E. class,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13899138", "score": "1.2317135", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid (film series)", "text": "Days\" in 2012. The short is told through Greg's point of view as he explains his experience with humor and comedy. Zachary Gordon reprises his role as Greg Heffley along other cast members voicing their characters from the films in minor roles. In December 2012, Jeff Kinney announced that he was working on an animated adaptation of \"Cabin Fever\" to air around Christmas 2013. The adaptation would explain how Manny managed to redirect the power for all to his room and no one else's. In August 2013, Kinney stated it would be a half-hour television special, and would air on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15702166", "score": "1.2039917", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid", "text": "and praise. A film of the same name was released on March 19, 2010. The sequel to the film is \"\", followed by \"\" and \"\". As Greg Heffley is getting ready for his first day of middle school, he is teased by his teenage brother Rodrick, because his mom bought him his supplies for school. He has a little brother, a toddler named Manny, who is \"spoiled rotten\" because he gets everything he wants and also gets away with everything he does wrong. His father, named Frank Heffley, does not encourage Greg's way of life - playing video games", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10241905", "score": "1.1962843", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Getaway", "text": "kids recognizes Greg as the kid who brought the box jellyfish during the episode. He tries to tell them that it was Manny's fault, but they don't understand and attack him. He quickly escapes the cage and goes back to the suite with his family. They were out of things to do and want to leave the resort early; however, Frank refuses to leave until he gets a decent meal. Manny makes the suitcase fall and break, which has the clothes they need to get in the clubhouse. They each wear some of the clothes in there; the first head", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20128713", "score": "1.1524014", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Double Down", "text": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Double Down Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Double Down is the eleventh book in the \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\" series by Jeff Kinney. The book was unveiled during the 2016 Diary of a Wimpy Kid Virtually Live Event. The book was published on November 1, 2016. The real book trailer was released on October 17, 2016. At the beginning of the book, Greg Heffley can be seen talking about thoughts of his life being a reality TV show: his brothers (Rodrick and Manny), and all the other people in his life are just actors", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19527640", "score": "1.1504654", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid", "text": "book. The film was released on March 19, 2010. It was released on DVD, iTunes, and Blu-ray on August 3, 2010. The movie stars Zachary Gordon as Greg Heffley, Robert Capron as Rowley Jefferson, Steve Zahn as Frank Heffley (Dad), Rachael Harris as Susan Heffley (Mom), Devon Bostick as Rodrick Heffley, Chloë Grace Moretz as Angie Steadman, and Connor & Owen Fielding as Manny Heffley, Greg's brother. Diary of a Wimpy Kid Diary of a Wimpy Kid is a satirical realistic fiction comedy novel for children and teenagers written and illustrated by Jeff Kinney. It is the first book in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10241918", "score": "1.1440214", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Long Haul (film)", "text": "celebrate happily at Meemaw’s. On the way home, after breaking down in the road, a tow truck appears, Susan and Frank try to tell him to tow them. Then, Manny speaks perfect Spanish and after arriving in the petting zoo, Manny gets the pig back. At the end, Greg explains that although the road trip wasn't perfect, he still wouldn't change a thing. He says that Manny was allowed to keep his pig as a pet, Rodrick was able to get a new van, and Dad was able to explain having time off from work to bond with family. Greg", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19739691", "score": "1.1310025", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Third Wheel", "text": "and his difficulties in learning how to walk. After talking about what his life was like from before he was born to his preschool years, Greg explains some of the new parenting methods his mother has tried on Manny and how Manny has been affected by those methods, which differ from those of Greg’s. After comparing his childhood to that of Manny’s, Greg decides to do chores when his Uncle Gary shows up at the front door. Uncle Gary explains how he was tricked into a “business opportunity of a lifetime” and needs a place to stay while getting back", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16558331", "score": "1.1209779", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Getaway", "text": "Rodrick, who has been in the teen zone helping a girl get her lip ring out of the volleyball net. They first try the banana boat, but this is ruined when a kid using a water trampoline lands on it and bursts their float. They get hungry, so they go to the golf clubhouse which turns them down as they are not following the dress code. They go to the swim-up bar and learn of a monkey which has been returning there for drinks every day. They are chased away when Manny finds the TV remote, changes the channel to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20128708", "score": "1.1191137", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "List of Diary of a Wimpy Kid characters", "text": "Despite his very young age and spoiled attitude, Manny shows signs of actually possessing more intelligence than he appears to have. He surprises his family by his ability to speak Spanish in The Long Haul, but plays this to his advantage by persuading some Mexican men to take them to retrieve their pet pig. He is his grandmother's favorite, although she denies this. In the three movies based on the first four books, Manny is portrayed by Connor and Owen Fielding. In the movie, Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Long Haul, he is portrayed by Wyatt and Dylan Walters.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Rodrick Rules (film)", "text": "see all the books made into movies.\" Fox 2000 greenlit the sequel and Zachary Gordon returned as Greg Heffley. Steve Zahn (Frank Heffley) and Rachael Harris (Susan Heffley) will also return. The film was directed by David Bowers and the screenplay was written by Gabe Sachs and Jeff Judah. Principal photography began in Vancouver August 2010. A few new characters appeared in the film, including Peyton List as Holly Hills. The trailer was seen with \"Gulliver's Travels\". The website created for the first was updated for the sequel featuring pictures of the cast and a short synopsis of the film.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15207812", "score": "1.1163479", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Rodrick Rules", "text": "the books made into movies.\" Fox 2000 greenlit the sequel and Zachary Gordon returned as Greg Heffley. Steve Zahn (Frank Heffley) and Rachael Harris (Susan Heffley) also returned. The film was directed by David Bowers and the screenplay was written by Gabe Sachs and Jeff Judah. Principal photography began in Vancouver in August 2010. A few new characters appeared in the film, including Peyton List as Holly Hills. The trailer was seen with \"Gulliver's Travels\". The film was released on March 25, 2011. Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Rodrick Rules Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Rodrick Rules is a children's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12184107", "score": "1.1113285", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Long Haul", "text": "which, according to Greg, confuses Manny, leading to a visit at their aunt's instead and a postponed trip to Disney World. They decide to go to a simple road trip to see several tourist attractions. At a cheap motel on the first night of the road trip, Greg and Rodrick decide to go to the pool, but find that there is no water in it. There is a hot tub nearby, but it is occupied by another family, who aren’t willing to leave the hot tub. They return to their room to find that the rest of the family has", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18018591", "score": "1.1076086", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Laine MacNeil", "text": "the Young Artist Awards 2011 nominated for a Young Artist Award in the category \"Best Performance in a Feature Film - Supporting Young Actress\" on 3 August 2012. In addition, it was with the cast of Diary of a Wimpy Kid, consisting of Peyton List, Karan Brar, Robert Capron, Grayson Russell, Zachary Gordon, and Devon Bostick at the same ceremony with a Young Artist Award in the category \"Best Performance in a Feature Film - Young Ensemble Cast\". In 2011 MacNeil followed for numerous other appearances, including among other things a guest appearance on the short-lived Canadian police series\" Shattered\".", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15650111", "score": "1.1060369", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Zachary Gordon", "text": "Zachary Gordon Zachary Adam Gordon (born February 15, 1998) is an American actor. Beginning his professional acting career at the age of eight, Gordon is a three-time Young Artist Award Best Leading Young Actor nominee, best known for playing Greg Heffley in the first three films of the \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\" film franchise. Gordon was born in Oak Park, California, to Linda and Kenneth Gordon. He has two brothers and was raised in Southern California. Zach graduated from a public high school in Oak Park. He is Jewish. Gordon's resumé includes multiple television appearances, on programs such as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11324641", "score": "1.103975", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Long Haul (film)", "text": "blames Greg responsible and Mr. Beardo goes after him but he evades him. The next day, the Heffleys attend a country fair where Manny wins a pig. Mr. Beardo and his family notices Greg and chases after him but outruns yet again. Back on the road, the Heffleys, unable to take care of the pig, drop it off at the petting zoo, much to Manny's dismay, but not before Greg reroutes the GPS to the Player Expo convention. Checking at the hotel room, Greg and Rodrick sneak out to go to Player Expo. However, after Frank and Susan see their", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19739686", "score": "1.1012373", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "The Wimpy Kid Movie Diary", "text": "The Wimpy Kid Movie Diary The Wimpy Kid Movie Diary is a movie tie-in book by Jeff Kinney about the making of the 2010 movie \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\", which stars Zachary Gordon as Greg and Robert Capron as Rowley. Unlike the other books, it is non-fiction. It starts off with how the series was created. Next, it shows how they gradually prepared the movie for filming, such as choosing the cast, writing the script, and finding the right location. When it talks about filming, other subjects are woven within, especially the actors' downtime and designing props. It also", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "14306295", "score": "1.0989772", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Zachary Gordon", "text": "2011 he appeared as Papi Jr. in \"Beverly Hills Chihuahua 2\" and as Paws in Disney's \"The Search for Santa Paws\". In June 2010, 20th Century Fox announced a sequel to \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\"; Gordon returned as Greg Heffley and the film, \"\", was released on March 25, 2011. It was the #1 movie within the box office in the United States for the following two weeks. In 2011, Gordon provided voices for Charlie Brown, Linus and Franklin on the comedy show \"Robot Chicken\", and in 2012, he reprised the role of Greg Heffley for the last time", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11324644", "score": "1.0964725", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Getaway", "text": "teen zone. Greg takes Manny to the Toddler's Cabana, but Manny gets out of going there because he is not potty trained. He puts Manny in the pool but has to get him out again later. Susan booked a charter cruise for the whole family due in thirty minutes. On the cruise (which turns out to be a regular glass-bottomed boat), the captain offers them to go scuba diving. Greg is freaked out by all of the deadly animals, including the venomous box jellyfish, and only stays in for one photo. As he surfaces, he swallows a big gulp of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20128710", "score": "1.0948582", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Dog Days (film)", "text": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Dog Days (film) Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Dog Days (sometimes known as Diary of a Wimpy Kid 3: Dog Days) is a 2012 American comedy film directed by David Bowers from a screenplay by Wallace Wolodarsky and Maya Forbes. It stars Zachary Gordon and Steve Zahn. Robert Capron, Devon Bostick, Rachael Harris, Peyton List, Grayson Russell, and Karan Brar also have prominent roles. It is the third installment in the \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\" film series, and is mashup of the and in the series, but draws mostly from the fourth book. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15715493", "score": "1.0940988", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Rodrick Rules (film)", "text": "antiheroes in preteen literature and turning him into, well, an even wimpier kid.\" Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Rodrick Rules (film) Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Rodrick Rules (sometimes known as Diary of a Wimpy Kid 2: Rodrick Rules) is a 2011 American comedy film based on Jeff Kinney's with a couple elements from \"\". The film stars Zachary Gordon and Devon Bostick. Robert Capron, Rachael Harris, Steve Zahn, and Peyton List also have prominent roles. The film was released on March 25, 2011 by 20th Century Fox. The film earned $72.4 million on a $21 million budget. It is", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15207818", "score": "1.0875218", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid", "text": "a chance to be cruel to Greg. He is known for sleeping excessively in the morning and for his rebellious attitude. Rodrick is part of a basement band (garage band in the movies) called \"Löded Diper\". Rodrick will do anything to embarrass Greg and will even cause problems for Manny to make everyone's life miserable. \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\" is the first book in an ongoing franchise. The second, \"\", was released February 1, 2008, and was listed on the \"New York Times\" Best Sellers list for 117 weeks. \"\", the third book in the series, released on January", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10241915", "score": "1.0820062", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Rodrick Rules (film)", "text": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Rodrick Rules (film) Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Rodrick Rules (sometimes known as Diary of a Wimpy Kid 2: Rodrick Rules) is a 2011 American comedy film based on Jeff Kinney's with a couple elements from \"\". The film stars Zachary Gordon and Devon Bostick. Robert Capron, Rachael Harris, Steve Zahn, and Peyton List also have prominent roles. The film was released on March 25, 2011 by 20th Century Fox. The film earned $72.4 million on a $21 million budget. It is the second film in the \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\" film series preceded", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15207801", "score": "1.081939", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid (film)", "text": "Cheese before a teacher chases them off. When the other kids notice that the Cheese has been eaten, Greg takes the fall for Rowley by saying he ate it. This mends their friendship as Greg invites Rowley to play at his house. At the end of the school year, Greg and Rowley make the yearbook Class Favorites page as \"Cutest Friends.\" Filming of \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid\" was in Vancouver and wrapped up on October 16, 2009. Lucas Cruikshank, best known for creating the web series \"Fred\", had auditioned for the role as Greg Heffley. Even though he was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13899144", "score": "1.0772153", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Long Haul (film)", "text": "are replaced by a new cast. It was theatrically released on May 19, 2017, by 20th Century Fox. The film grossed $40 million worldwide on a $22 million production cost. One year after the , while at the Corny's family restaurant, the Heffley family — consists of Greg, Rodrick, Frank, Susan and Manny — plans to take a road trip across the USA to attend Meemaw's 90th birthday. However, after Greg and Rowley rescue his younger brother Manny, who got stuck inside a tube in the play area, Greg ends up in a ball pit with a diaper stuck on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19739682", "score": "1.0770354", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid (film series)", "text": "Kid\" film series. It was released on March 25, 2011 and is based on the second book, \"Rodrick Rules\" with scenes from \"The Last Straw\". Principal photography began on August 23, 2010 and was completed on October 27, 2010, with filming taking place in Vancouver and New Westminster. \"Rodrick Rules\" was directed by David Bowers, with Zachary Gordon reprising his role as Greg Heffley. New main characters include Holly Hills (Peyton List), Grandpa (Terence Kelly), and Bill Walter (Fran Kranz). Edward Shearmur composes the original score for the film. \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Dog Days\" is the third film", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15702163", "score": "1.0758973", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Long Haul", "text": "back home, with a stop at the petting zoo to get Manny's piglet back. After they arrive home, Greg's parents cancel their credit cards and purchase new phones. The boat is given to the brothers for their help, much to Frank's dismay. While digging through his short pants pockets, Greg finds the key to their locker in the water park and is caught in a dilemma. He thinks that he is reading a page of the Choose Your Own Adventure books and can either tell his parents the truth, sabotage his brother Rodrick by putting the key in his pants,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18018601", "score": "1.0733763", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid (book series)", "text": "Kid: The Musical\" is being produced by the Children's Theatre Company. Diary of a Wimpy Kid (book series) Diary of a Wimpy Kid is a series of fiction books written by the American author and cartoonist Jeff Kinney. All the main books are the journals of the main character, Greg Heffley. Befitting a teen's diary, the books are filled with hand-written notes and simple drawings of Greg's daily adventures. Since the release of the online version in May 2004, most of the books have garnered positive reviews and commercial success. , it had been purchased one million times. The first,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12272516", "score": "1.0724332", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid (book series)", "text": "2011, which was based on the second book \"Rodrick Rules\", with Zachary Gordon returning as Greg Heffley. \"Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Rodrick Rules\" was also filmed in Vancouver, BC, Canada. The film also contains some scenes from \"The Last Straw.\" The third film combines the third and fourth books \"The Last Straw\" and \"Dog Days\", taking stories from both, but mainly from \"Dog Days\", from which it took its title. The decision to blend the two films was made to keep up with the ages of the actors. The film was released on August 3, 2012. The likelihood of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12272514", "score": "1.0714054", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Long Haul", "text": "third day, Greg's dad Frank gets an emergency call from work. In the meantime, the family go to various places. While driving, Dad gets a call from one of his international clients, asking the family to stay quiet. But chaos ensues, Greg is bitten by the pig, and it attempts to escape, consequently ruining Frank's call. Infuriated, Frank ends up taking the pig to a petting zoo, which upsets Manny. He tries to run away twice and is forced to be on a leash. It rains, and Susan rethinks their road trip plans over. She convinces the rest of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18018594", "score": "1.0681881", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "Christopher Lloyd" ]

[ { "title": "Over the Garden Wall (1934 film)", "text": "Over the Garden Wall (1934 film) Over the Garden Wall is a 1934 British romantic comedy film directed by John Daumery and starring Bobby Howes, Marian Marsh and Margaret Bannerman. The film was based on a play \"The Youngest of Three\" by H.F. Maltby, who co-wrote the screenplay. It was made at Elstree Studios with sets designed by art director David Rawnsley. Marian Marsh was imported from Hollywood where she had starred in major productions such as \"Svengali\". while Howes was a popular British star of stage musicals who appeared in several films during the decade. A young man and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18381618", "score": "1.2173247", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Over the Garden Wall", "text": "his sleep. The other half chronicles the Woodsman's daughter, Anna, and how she became lost in the Unknown. A new graphic novel that will be released on November 21 will focus on Wirt and Greg discovering that Beatrice came back with them to the real world, but not all is as it seems. Over the Garden Wall Over the Garden Wall is an American animated television miniseries created by Patrick McHale for Cartoon Network. The series centers on two half-brothers who travel across a strange forest in order to find their way home, encountering odd and wonderful things on their", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17907678", "score": "1.1849062", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Over the Garden Wall (1950 film)", "text": "Over the Garden Wall (1950 film) Over the Garden Wall is a 1950 British comedy film directed by John E. Blakeley and starring Norman Evans, Jimmy James and Dan Young. The film was made at Mancunian Films at their Manchester film studios. Although made on a low-budget, the film often topped double bills at cinemas in the North of England because of the popularity of the performers. Working class couple Fanny and Joe (Norman Evans and Jimmy James), are determined to give their daughter Mary (Sonya O'Shea) and her husband Wynn a posh home coming party. Trouble arises when the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18381604", "score": "1.175306", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Over the Garden Wall (1950 film)", "text": "son of Joe's boss (Frederick Bradshaw) turns up and shamelessly flirts with their daughter. Over the Garden Wall (1950 film) Over the Garden Wall is a 1950 British comedy film directed by John E. Blakeley and starring Norman Evans, Jimmy James and Dan Young. The film was made at Mancunian Films at their Manchester film studios. Although made on a low-budget, the film often topped double bills at cinemas in the North of England because of the popularity of the performers. Working class couple Fanny and Joe (Norman Evans and Jimmy James), are determined to give their daughter Mary (Sonya", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18381605", "score": "1.1691011", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Over the Garden Wall", "text": "Over the Garden Wall Over the Garden Wall is an American animated television miniseries created by Patrick McHale for Cartoon Network. The series centers on two half-brothers who travel across a strange forest in order to find their way home, encountering odd and wonderful things on their journey. The show is based on McHale's animated short film \"Tome of the Unknown\", which was produced as part of Cartoon Network Studios' shorts development program. The show features Elijah Wood and Collin Dean as the protagonists Wirt and Greg, and Melanie Lynskey as a bluebird named Beatrice. \"Over the Garden Wall\" was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17907656", "score": "1.143427", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Elijah Wood", "text": "animated miniseries \"Over the Garden Wall\". The series collected three Primetime Emmy Awards in 2015, including Outstanding Animated Program. This was followed by prominent roles in films \"The Last Witch Hunter\" (2015), opposite Vin Diesel; \"The Trust\" (2016), opposite Nicolas Cage; and \"I Don't Feel at Home in This World Anymore\" (2017), opposite Melanie Lynskey. The latter film was awarded the U.S. Dramatic Grand Jury Prize at Sundance in January 2017. From 2016–2017, Wood co-starred with Samuel Barnett as Todd Brotzman on the BBC America series \"Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency\". It was announced in December 2017 that the show", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1419413", "score": "1.1305234", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "The Unknown (Over the Garden Wall)", "text": "the Woodsman, and Samuel Ramey as the Beast. The series as a whole, including the finale, received critical acclaim. The episode has been analyzed for its allusions to fear and choice, with journalist Vrai Kaiser noting that the decision made by Wirt and the Woodsman to no longer light the Beast's lantern represents the discovery of \"a truth that can not only shape the future but inform the past\". The Unknown (Over the Garden Wall) \"The Unknown\" is the final episode of the American animated television miniseries \"Over the Garden Wall\". It first aired on Cartoon Network on November 7,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19748964", "score": "1.0907784", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "The Unknown (Over the Garden Wall)", "text": "the Woodsman journeys into the forest as the sun sets, in search of Edelwood. He finds Greg, who is in the process of being turned into an Edelwood tree by the Beast. He attempts to help Greg and to drive the Beast away as Wirt and Beatrice arrive. Having knocked down the Woodsman, the Beast offers to Wirt to keep Greg's soul alive within his lantern, as long as Wirt takes on the Woodsman's task of keeping the lantern alight. Wirt however, realizes that the Beast's soul resides inside the lantern, explaining this to all present, and refuses the offer.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19748960", "score": "1.0902464", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Over the Garden Wall", "text": "three passions are the clarinet, poetry, and interior design, but he keeps this private out of fear of being mocked. On the other hand, Greg, the younger brother, is all about play and being carefree, much to Wirt's chagrin and the danger to himself and others. Greg carries a frog (Jack Jones), whose name is undetermined and who can communicate only through singing. Stalking the main cast is the Beast (Samuel Ramey), an ancient creature who leads lost souls astray until they lose their hope and willpower and turn into \"Edelwood trees\". In the final two episodes, it is revealed", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17907660", "score": "1.0851314", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Over the Garden Wall", "text": "The series follows two half-brothers, Wirt and Greg (voiced by Elijah Wood and Collin Dean respectively), who become lost in a strange forest called the Unknown. In order to find their way home, the two must travel across the seemingly supernatural forest with the occasional help of the wandering, mysterious and elderly Woodsman (Christopher Lloyd) and Beatrice (Melanie Lynskey), an irritable bluebird who travels with the boys in order to find a woman called Adelaide, who can supposedly undo the curse on Beatrice and her family and show the half-brothers the way home.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Kostja Ullmann", "text": "similar role. Directed by Angelina Maccarone, he plays a young delinquent who engages in an \"amour fou\" with his probation officer who is more than 30 years older than he is. The film won a Golden Leopard at the 2006 Locarno International Film Festival. He acted as Hermann Lake in German-Japan collaborated movie Baruto no Gakuen (\"Ode an die Freude\") in 2006. Ullmann played the lead role, Luca Behrendt, in the 2008 movie \"Die Zeit, die man Leben nennt\". Ullmann will voice Wirt in the German dub of \"Over the Garden Wall\". Kostja Ullmann Kostja Ullmann (born May 30, 1984)", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11248645", "score": "1.0657331", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Over the Garden Wall", "text": "such a perfect blend of mood, atmosphere, story, and characterization, \"Over the Garden Wall\"s 10-episode run will leave you wanting more, but like every great fairy tale, it's a story that knows when it's over.\" A one-shot comic book adaptation of the show was announced in October 2014. Produced by KaBoom!, an imprint of Boom! Studios, the comic was released on November 5, 2014. The comic was supervised by McHale and was produced as an oversized special. The comic was illustrated by Jim Campbell, a writer/storyboard artist on the television series. A special variant cover, by McHale, was also released.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17907676", "score": "1.064143", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Over the Garden Wall (1934 film)", "text": "a woman exchange glances through the windows of their passing trains. They later discover that they are staying in neighboring houses, but their respective families are feuding and they are only occasionally able to continue their romance across the garden wall. Eventually, they decide to elope together but this only leads to more trouble than it is worth. Over the Garden Wall (1934 film) Over the Garden Wall is a 1934 British romantic comedy film directed by John Daumery and starring Bobby Howes, Marian Marsh and Margaret Bannerman. The film was based on a play \"The Youngest of Three\" by", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18381619", "score": "1.0640252", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Norman Evans", "text": "Norman Evans Norman Evans (11 June 1901 – 25 November 1962) was a variety and radio performer, born in Rochdale, Lancashire, England. Evans was discovered by fellow Rochdale entertainer Gracie Fields. The act for which he is best remembered was \"Over the Garden Wall\", in which he played Fanny Fairbottom, a toothless hatchet-faced Lancastrian housewife gossiping over a garden wall, The routine was the inspiration for Les Dawson and Roy Barraclough's later Cissie and Ada characters. The one-sided conversations would embrace local gossip, including scandal about the neighbours and personal medical complaints, including silently mouthing words deemed too rude to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4989644", "score": "1.0586151", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Collin Dean", "text": "\"Over the Garden Wall.\" In 2012, he was cast as Todd in the Funny or Die short film, \"Will Ferrell & Zach Galifianakis Debate Children\". In 2015, he appeared as Ruprecht the Elf, in the comedy horror christmas film, \"Krampus\". Collin hails from Gilbert, Arizona. Collin Dean Collin Dean (born January 8, 2005) is an American actor. He provided the voice of Lincoln Loud in the Nickelodeon animated series, \"The Loud House\", he replaced Grant Palmer in 2016 until he was replaced by Tex Hammond in 2018 due to puberty. Collin Dean is also known for guest starring in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19890113", "score": "1.0157101", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "James Gillan (actor)", "text": "\"The Secret Garden\". The show played at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre. From July 26 - August 31, 2013 James played the role of Seymour in Little Shop of Horrors (Aberystwyth Arts Theatre, Summer Season 2013) 30 November 2014 - 4 January 2015, Mr. Tumnus in The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe (The Rose Theatre Kingston) 9 June - 21 August, 2016, Lady Puck in The Donkey Show (Camden Proud Galleries) 8 - 25 February, 2017, Tray Sophisticay in Everybody’s Talking About Jamie (Sheffield Crucible) James is currently playing Tray Sophisticay at the West End transfer of Everybody's Talking About", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9987991", "score": "1.0148423", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Alex McAvoy", "text": "\"Pink Floyd – The Wall\" (1982), and also had roles in \"Country Dance\" (1970), \"Venus Peter\" (1989, as the Beadle) and \"Strictly Sinatra\" (2001). He also featured in Pink Floyd's video EP of \"The Final Cut\" (1983). Alex McAvoy Alex McAvoy (10 March 1928 – 16 June 2005) was a Scottish actor known for his roles as Sunny Jim in the BBC Scotland adaptation of Neil Munro's Para Handy stories, \"The Vital Spark\", and as the teacher in Pink Floyd's musical film, \"The Wall\". As a young man McAvoy enrolled at the School of Art in Glasgow’s Renfrew Street before,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11628966", "score": "1.0027713", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Alex McAvoy", "text": "Alex McAvoy Alex McAvoy (10 March 1928 – 16 June 2005) was a Scottish actor known for his roles as Sunny Jim in the BBC Scotland adaptation of Neil Munro's Para Handy stories, \"The Vital Spark\", and as the teacher in Pink Floyd's musical film, \"The Wall\". As a young man McAvoy enrolled at the School of Art in Glasgow’s Renfrew Street before, in the 1950s, joining the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama in Glasgow. As a young actor he played the Citizens Theatre in Glasgow’s Gorbals district alongside such future stars as John Cairney and Mary Marquis.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11628964", "score": "1.0024142", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Will Knightley", "text": "(b. 1979) and actress Keira Knightley (b. 1985). Will Knightley Will Knightley (born 23 April 1946) is an English television and stage actor. He has primarily worked on the stage, and is a founding member of London's Half Moon Theatre. In addition to acting, he has performed voice-over work. He has had TV stints in \"The Bill\", \"A Touch of Frost\", \"Midsomer Murders\" and various adverts. In 2009 he appeared in the BBC drama \"A Short Stay in Switzerland\". In 2004, he appeared on the British series \"Rosemary & Thyme\" in the episode \"Orpheus in the Undergrowth\" as character Jeremy", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6040256", "score": "0.9924719", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Tom Walls", "text": "Tom Walls Thomas Kirby Walls (18 February 1883 – 27 November 1949), known as Tom Walls, was an English stage and film actor, producer and director, best known for presenting and co-starring in the Aldwych farces in the 1920s and for starring in and directing the film adaptations of those plays in the 1930s. Walls spent his early years as an actor, from 1905, mostly in musical comedy, touring the British provinces, North America and Australia and in the West End. He specialised in comic character roles, typically flirtatious middle aged men. In 1922 he went into management in partnership", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8760584", "score": "0.99179846", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Over the Garden Wall", "text": "\"Behind Over the Garden Wall\". On April 6, 2016, Madman Entertainment released the miniseries on Blu-ray exclusively in Australia and New Zealand with the same bonus content as the DVD release. \"Over the Garden Wall\" was critically acclaimed. Preceding its premiere, Patrick Kevin Day of the \"Los Angeles Times\" called it \"funny, creepy\" and, from the premise, \"not as simple as it sounds\". In \"TV Guide\" and also before the premiere, Megan Walsh-Boyle felt that the show's fictional universe \"sounds like a world worth getting lost in\". Meredith Woerner of \"io9\" called a preview of the show \"amazing\", \"weird, and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17907672", "score": "0.9857924", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Gordon Fraser (actor)", "text": "of Tom in \"Over the Threshold - a Musical Romp of Sexual Misdemeanours and Misunderstanding\" at the Gatehouse Theatre, Highgate followed immediately by creating the role of the Sergeant in Irish playwright Kenneth Hickey’s tragedy \"Song of the Shore\" directed by Emmy Award-winning director John Bruce at Windsor Arts Theatre. His film work includes Cassio in \"Blacking Iago\" on BBC America, \"This Year's Love\" directed by David Kane, \"Preaching to the Perverted\", directed by Stuart Urban, \"Red Light Runners\" directed by Graham Moore, and \"Gone\" directed Kevin Turrell. His nickname is \"G\". He is related to the owners of Daley's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9905698", "score": "0.97996473", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Over the Garden Wall", "text": "around chapters of a mystical tome and the series' title became \"Over the Garden Wall\". Production for \"Over the Garden Wall\" commenced in March 2014. McHale initially envisioned eighteen chapters in the series, but the episode count was brought to ten to accommodate budget and time constraints. Early drafts of episodes from the show's pitch bible included a skinless witch character and a villain who carves dice from the bones of kidnapped children, as well a running plot throughout four episodes in which Wirt and Gregory are transformed into animals (Gregory being a duck and Wirt being \"either a bear", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17907665", "score": "0.97624636", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "The Book of Lost Things", "text": "new surroundings. As he lies in bed that night, he hears his mother calling him and he follows her voice outside to the sunken garden. While he looks for his mother, he notices lights in the sky and realizes that a German bomber is falling towards the garden. With nowhere else to go, he hides in a crack in the garden wall. By climbing into the wall, David is transported into a fantasy world where he meets the Woodsman. The two begin walking towards the Woodsman's home but end up running to safety from wolves and Loups (wolves turned partially", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12044514", "score": "0.97454536", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "The Woodsman (2016 film)", "text": "The Woodsman (2016 film) The Woodsman is a 2016 suspense film directed and written by Paul Leach as his directorial debut, based on Little Red Riding Hood by Charles Perrault. The film stars Christopher Wolfe as a police detective Alex Whiting who must save Millie Gilson played by Sonya Krueger from a mysterious cult order. In the small southern town of Nazareth, each month, for the last four months a girl has disappeared. They find the latest victim dead, tied to a tree, the only witness being her twelve-year-old daughter who can't remember what happened. The movie was shot in", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19510379", "score": "0.96954584", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Scott Hoatson", "text": "Tree\", director Robin Hardy's follow-up to his 1970s film, \"The Wicker Man\". Radio appearances included BBC Radio 4's 2011 production of \"MacMillan's Marvelous Motion Machine\" and BBC Radio Scotland's \"Sybil Law\". Hoatson played lead roles in several theatrical productions, including the part of Cuddy in The Empty Space's 2011 production of Hearbreak Soup and Davie Balfour in Cumbernauld Theatre's 2012 production of Kidnapped by Robert Louis Stevenson. In 2008, Hoatson played \"Barry\" in D.C. Jackson's award-winning play, \"The Wall\". He reprised the role of Barry in Jackson's 2010 follow-up, \"The Chooky Brae\". Hoatson currently lives in London. Scott Hoatson Scott", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17176106", "score": "0.9663173", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "The Way Through the Woods", "text": "the original investigating officer, DCI Johnson (played by Malcolm Storry), who pinned Karen's murder on Steven Parnell, a serial killer responsible for four other deaths, and tried to beat a confession out of Phillip for his father's murder. Phillip's suicide was omitted but a more violent and dramatic ending added where Cathy kills both Daley and Michaels to protect her secret, finally perishing from a shot from her own gun when Morse knocks it out of her hands as she threatens him and Lewis. The Way Through the Woods The Way Through the Woods is a crime novel by Colin", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12393116", "score": "0.96435827", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Over the Garden Wall", "text": "screened at the 2014 Santa Barbara International Film Festival, where McHale earned the Bruce Corwin Award for best animated short film. It also received an honorable mention at the 2013 Ottawa International Animation Festival. At the 2014 San Diego Comic-Con International, a preview of the show was screened along with various panels for other shows on the network. Episode 2 was previewed at the 2014 New York Comic Con, which McHale and the main cast attended. The show made its premiere on November 3, 2014 on Cartoon Network, and ran over five consecutive nights. The entirety of it was published", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17907668", "score": "0.96363485", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "The Woodsman (2016 film)", "text": "Los Angeles and surrounding areas. The film was screened at 2016 Buffalo Niagara Film Festival. The Woodsman (2016 film) The Woodsman is a 2016 suspense film directed and written by Paul Leach as his directorial debut, based on Little Red Riding Hood by Charles Perrault. The film stars Christopher Wolfe as a police detective Alex Whiting who must save Millie Gilson played by Sonya Krueger from a mysterious cult order. In the small southern town of Nazareth, each month, for the last four months a girl has disappeared. They find the latest victim dead, tied to a tree, the only", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19510380", "score": "0.9601433", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "A Cuckoo in the Nest", "text": "with the greatest farce actor of our time.\" In 1933 Walls directed a film adaptation of the play. Travers wrote the screenplay, and Walls, Lynn, Arnaud, Hare and Brough reprised their old stage roles. The play was not revived in London for more than thirty years, until Anthony Page directed a production for the English Stage Company at the Royal Court in 1964. It starred Arthur Lowe and Nicol Williamson in the Walls and Lynn roles, with Beatrix Lehmann as the landlady, Ann Beach as Marguerite, and Rosalind Knight and John Osborne as the pursuing spouses. The BBC televised a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17095242", "score": "0.9596585", "original_retrieval_index": 29 } ]

[ "Elizabeth Dean Lail" ]

[ { "title": "Anna (Once Upon a Time)", "text": "Anna (Once Upon a Time) Anna is a fictional character that appears in the fourth season of \"Once Upon a Time\", with actress Elizabeth Lail portraying the character. Anna is loosely based on the character with the same name from the 2013 animated film \"Frozen. Following the events of the film \"Frozen\", Anna is preparing to wed Kristoff when Elsa finds a diary from their mother stating their real reason for their parents' fatal trip. Determined to seek answers, Anna postpones her wedding and travels to the Enchanted Forest (known as Misthaven in Arendelle). Anna meets David, a friend of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20458263", "score": "1.1821768", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Anna (Once Upon a Time)", "text": "Kristoff's, and trains him in swordsmanship so he can defend his farm from the evil warlord Bo Peep. Following Bo Peep's defeat, David gives Anna his horse and David's mother gives Anna the name of Rumplestiltskin, a powerful wizard who she believes can give her the answers she is looking for. Anna visits Rumplestiltskin (Robert Carlyle) who tells her that the King and Queen of Arendelle came to him, and he will tell her what they said if she administers a potion to an old man. Anna is afraid the potion is poison and pours it into the old man's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20458264", "score": "1.1350445", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Anna (Once Upon a Time)", "text": "Eventually, Anna reunites with her sister, helps Ingrid see the errors of her ways, and marries Kristoff. With the introduction of \"Frozen\" characters, the season 4 of \"Once Upon a Time\" saw a 31-percent increase in ratings from the autumn of 2013 (9.3 million viewers), marking its best ratings in almost two years. Anna (Once Upon a Time) Anna is a fictional character that appears in the fourth season of \"Once Upon a Time\", with actress Elizabeth Lail portraying the character. Anna is loosely based on the character with the same name from the 2013 animated film \"Frozen. Following the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20458268", "score": "1.1133356", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Rose Reynolds", "text": "Reynolds received a Commendation at the Ian Charleson Awards for her 2012 performance as Lavinia in \"Titus Andronicus\" at the Royal Shakespeare Company. In 2017, Reynolds portrayed both Alice and Tilly on the show \"Once Upon a Time\". Rose Reynolds Rose Alice Reynolds (born 21 February 1991) is a British actress. She is most known for her roles as Sarah Durkin in \"Wasted\", Betty Carkeek in \"Poldark\" and Alice in \"Once Upon a Time\". Reynolds was born in Devon, England, where her family still resides. She graduated from the Guildhall School of music and Drama in 2012. She has also", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20170404", "score": "1.0870359", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Once Upon a Time (season 4)", "text": "fellow cast members Jennifer Morrison as Emma Swan, Josh Dallas as Prince Charming / David Nolan, Colin O'Donoghue as Captain Killian \"Hook\" Jones and Jared S. Gilmore as Henry Mills, Lana Parrilla as the Evil Queen / Regina Mills and Emilie de Ravin as Belle. De Ravin also confirmed Robert Carlyle's return as Rumpelstiltskin / Mr. Gold, through a photo on her Instagram. On July 1, 2014, it was announced that Scott Michael Foster had been cast as \"Frozen\" character Kristoff and Elizabeth Lail as Anna. The following day, it was announced Georgina Haig had been cast as Elsa. On", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17999482", "score": "1.0837581", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Belle (Once Upon a Time)", "text": "Anna (Elizabeth Lail). Anna takes her to rock troll Grand Pabbie (John Rhys-Davies) who is able to retract her memories and put them into a pebble which she's instructed to brew into a tea. However, due to an encounter with the Snow Queen (Elizabeth Mitchell), Belle loses the rock and returns home empty handed. Maurice confesses the truth to Belle, explaining how Colette sacrificed herself to save her. This sets Belle on the track of becoming a hero, as she reveals to her father that on her trip she learned of a man who could help them: Rumplestiltskin (Robert Carlyle).", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19078417", "score": "1.082906", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "White Out (Once Upon a Time)", "text": "Snow Queen and her sisters visit the Enchanted Forest in \"The Snow Queen\", and five years after Gerda perishes at sea in \"A Tale of Two Sisters\". The Storybrooke events take place after \"A Tale of Two Sisters\" Back in the Enchanted Forest prior to the first curse, Anna (under the alias of Joan) helps David − future Prince Charming − fight off a warlord called Bo Peep (Robin Weigert), who is threatening to take the land and their flock of sheep from his mother Ruth (Gabrielle Rose). While training him through sword fighting, Anna encourages David to resist becoming", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18307466", "score": "1.0816338", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Once Upon a Time (season 4)", "text": "July 8, 2014, Elizabeth Mitchell was revealed to have been cast in an undisclosed role. It was later revealed that she would be playing an evil Snow Queen, much like the one from the original Hans Christian Andersan fairy tale. The character would be Anna's and Elsa's aunt, Ingrid. Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz had also cast a real reindeer as Sven. On July 28, 2014, Tyler Jacob Moore and John Rhys-Davies were both announced to be playing Prince Hans and Grand Pabbie, respectively. The third episode, \"Rocky Road\", revealed that the roles of two of Hans' brothers, Franz and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17999483", "score": "1.0788847", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Rebecca Mader", "text": "two were married on 23 November 2016. Rebecca Mader Rebecca Leigh Mader (born 24 April 1977) is an English actress, best known for her roles as Charlotte Lewis in the ABC series \"Lost\", and as Zelena, the Wicked Witch of the West, on ABC's \"Once Upon a Time\". Mader was born in 1977 in Cambridge, England. She worked as a model in New York City for a year, appearing in adverts for L'Oréal, Colgate and Wella Hair. She began her television career on the ABC daytime soap operas \"All My Children\" as Morgan Gordon, and \"One Life to Live\" as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8089768", "score": "1.0490192", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Elizabeth Lail", "text": "Elizabeth Dean Lail (born March 25, 1992) is an American actress. She is known for her role as Anna in the ABC adventure fantasy television series Once Upon a Time.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Once Upon a Time (season 4)", "text": "for the sixth episode, although appearances later on in the season were also hinted. A new character, Lily, has been cast to Nicole Muñoz, while Sally Pressman was given the role of Helga. It was announced on November 5, 2014 that Victoria Smurfit would be portraying Cruella de Vil in a recurring capacity later on in the season and that hints will be placed in the next few episodes. Another Disney villain was also cast in the form of Ursula from The Little Mermaid who was portrayed by Merrin Dungey, the character portrayed is named after the original sea-goddess who", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17999485", "score": "1.0435783", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Anna (Once Upon a Time)", "text": "Rumplestiltskin told her that her parents were afraid of Elsa. She does not tell this to Elsa, but is shocked to see that Elsa is learning to control her power—due to a new woman by the name of Ingrid (Elizabeth Mitchell), who claims she is their mother's sister and also has magic snow powers like her sister Elsa. Anna never knew their mother had a sister, so she is immediately skeptical. She goes to meet Grand Pabbie and the rock trolls to find out if this is the truth. While purchasing supplies at Oaken's shop, Anna runs into Belle (Emilie", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20458266", "score": "1.0352144", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Elizabeth Lail", "text": "School in 2009, she attended the University of North Carolina School of the Arts, graduating in May 2014. Lail mostly worked in student film productions, such as \"Model Airplane\" and \"Without\", immediately after graduating from university. She had moved to New York City to pursue stage work when she landed an audition for ABC's \"Once Upon a Time\", after which she was cast as Anna in the fourth season of the series. Lail was cast in a starring role in the Freeform horror series \"Dead of Summer\" playing the role of camp counselor Amy. On July 27, 2017, Lail was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18321571", "score": "1.0341568", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Rebecca Mader", "text": "Rebecca Mader Rebecca Leigh Mader (born 24 April 1977) is an English actress, best known for her roles as Charlotte Lewis in the ABC series \"Lost\", and as Zelena, the Wicked Witch of the West, on ABC's \"Once Upon a Time\". Mader was born in 1977 in Cambridge, England. She worked as a model in New York City for a year, appearing in adverts for L'Oréal, Colgate and Wella Hair. She began her television career on the ABC daytime soap operas \"All My Children\" as Morgan Gordon, and \"One Life to Live\" as Margaret Cochran. She also appeared on the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "8089764", "score": "1.032925", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Isabella Blake-Thomas", "text": "Isabella Blake-Thomas Isabella Blake-Thomas (born 21 September 2002 in London, United Kingdom) is an English actress best known for playing Young Zelena in Once Upon A Time, Peggy Kendall in Game Shakers and Sam in Maybe I'm Fine. Blake-Thomas' first role was at the age of five, when she was selected to present the CBeebies television program \"Green Balloon Club\". This ran for one series between 2008 and 2009. Later in 2009, she had a minor role in the biographical television film \"Enid\", In 2010, she was cast in an adaptation of the \"Just William\" series of books, playing Violet-Elizabeth", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16684753", "score": "1.0254989", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Once Upon a Time (season 7)", "text": "in one episode of season 3. It was later revealed that the character would appear in a multi-episode arc. On September 20, it was announced that former main Rebecca Mader would return for multiple episodes in the seventh season as Zelena, who will also have a cursed identity. On October 2, it was announced that Dr. Facilier from \"The Princess and the Frog\" would make an appearance during the season, later revealed to be portrayed by Daniel Francis in the season's fifth episode. On October 3, it was announced that flashbacks of the ninth episode would feature a \"tweenage\" Anastasia,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20154415", "score": "1.0244321", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Lena Dunham", "text": "are: those on the screen or those watching it.\" Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the season a score of 49 out of 100 based on 26 critics, indicating \"mixed or average reviews.\" In August 2018, it was announced Dunham would appear in the film \"Once Upon a Time in Hollywood\", directed by Quentin Tarantino, set to be released on July 26, 2019. Dunham will portray the role of Catherine \"Gypsy\" Share. In October 2018, coinciding with the expiration of their joint HBO contract, Dunham and Konner split as producing partners, dissolved their production company, and signed separate deals", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15310996", "score": "1.0170122", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "New York City Serenade (Once Upon a Time)", "text": "skinned woman (Rebecca Mader) she adds it to a potion as she says she'll get her revenge. She also states that while the Queen may be evil, she is wicked, and wicked always win, revealing herself as the Wicked Witch of the West. \"Lost\" actress Rebecca Mader's casting as an upcoming villain for the series was announced in December 2013. It was later revealed that she will play The Wicked Witch of the West, despite rumors that she would be playing the \"One Hundred and One Dalmatians\" antagonist Cruella De Vil. Other casting confirmations for the second half of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17883950", "score": "1.0169722", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Once Upon a Time (season 3)", "text": "at her core, she is a steadfastly filled with optimism. It was later announced that Sunny Mabrey was cast as the character. After \"Once Upon a Time in Wonderland\" was canceled, it was reported that Michael Socha, who plays the Knave of Hearts, was in talks to join the main cast in Season 4. On April 2014, it was confirmed that Michael Socha will become a regular for Once Upon a Time's fourth season. On September 12, 2013, ABC released the original cast promotional photos for the season. However, due to fan backlash, the photos were removed. Instead, new photos", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17288207", "score": "1.0136623", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Karen David", "text": "in Palos Verdes, California. Karen David Karen Shenaz David (born 15 April 1979 or 1980) is an Indo-Canadian actress, singer and songwriter, who is best known for portraying Princess Isabella Maria Lucia Elizabetta of Valencia in ABC's fairytale-themed musical-comedy television series, \"Galavant\", as well as Francesca \"Cesca\" Montoya in the BBC television series \"Waterloo Road\", and Layla in the American action film \"\". She starred as Angela in the ITV television series \"Cold Feet\" and plays Princess Jasmine (from \"Aladdin\") in the American television series \"Once Upon a Time\". David also starred in \"Pixelface\", a CBBC children's television series, where", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11809096", "score": "1.0131456", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Once Upon a Time (season 6)", "text": "she would be returning for the sixth season. Robert Carlyle was confirmed to be returning for the sixth season as Rumplestiltskin along with Rebecca Mader as Zelena and Jared Gilmore as Henry Mills. It was announced that Giles Matthey was cast as Morpheus, who is slated to appear in the first episode of the season. On July 20, it was announced that Craig Horner would be portraying the Count of Monte Cristo, who was introduced in the second episode of the season. At the 2016 San Diego Comic Con International it was revealed that the season would see the introduction", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19374032", "score": "1.011329", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Anna (Once Upon a Time)", "text": "de Ravin) and they become friends. Together, they journey to the rock trolls, where Anna learns that her mother had two sisters named Ingrid and Helga, but Grand Pabbie changed everyone's memory in all of Arendelle. On the return journey back to the castle, Anna and Belle run into Ingrid. Ingrid sees that Anna has Rumplestiltskin's magic-stealing hat and believes she will betray her, so she grabs hold of Anna and imprisons her. Ingrid tells Anna that she has nothing in common with either her or Elsa as she has no magic as they, and now Ingrid must replace her.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20458267", "score": "1.0084374", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Zelena (Once Upon a Time)", "text": "Margot about going back and asks if she wants to come but Margot decides to stay in Hyperion Heights to be with Tilly. Zelena (Once Upon a Time) Zelena, also known as the Wicked Witch of the West and cursed as Kelly West in the seventh season, is a fictional character in ABC's television series \"Once Upon a Time\". She is portrayed by Rebecca Mader and was first introduced in the second half of the third season. After making recurring appearances in both the third and fourth seasons, Mader was promoted to series regular for the fifth and sixth seasons.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19080648", "score": "1.0062164", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Once Upon a Time (season 5)", "text": "returning as a series regular as Will Scarlet / Knave of Hearts although further appearances as a recurring or guest star were hinted. Adam Horowitz confirmed via Twitter that Emilie de Ravin would return as Belle, while Vine Report confirmed the return of Jennifer Morrison as Emma Swan. On June 26, 2015, Josh Dallas confirmed his return as Prince Charming / David Nolan and Horowitz confirmed that there would be ten series regulars for the season. During Comic-Con 2015, Ginnifer Goodwin, Lana Parrilla, Colin O'Donoghue and Robert Carlyle were confirmed to return as Snow White / Mary Margaret Blanchard, Evil", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18830983", "score": "1.005695", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Once Upon a Time (TV series)", "text": "to wrap up Emma Swan's storyline. Later that week, actress Rebecca Mader announced that she would also be leaving the series after the sixth season wrapped. It was later announced that Ginnifer Goodwin, Josh Dallas, Jared S. Gilmore and Emilie de Ravin would also be leaving the show after the sixth season's finale aired. Along with departures, Andrew J. West and Alison Fernandez were announced to be joining the seventh season of the show as series regulars after guest starring in the previous season's finale. They will portray an older Henry Mills and his daughter Lucy respectively. In July 2017,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7563175", "score": "1.0036962", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Once Upon a Time (season 7)", "text": "played by Jessy Schram for the first six seasons. On July 22 at San Diego Comic-Con, it was revealed that Anwar and Kane will be portraying Lady Tremaine and Drizella, respectively. Cox would be portraying Tiana from \"The Princess and the Frog\", while Reynolds would be playing an alternate version of Alice, a character previously heavily featured in the spin-off \"Once Upon a Time in Wonderland.\" In August 2017, Cox was promoted to series regular. On August 1, it was announced that Giles Matthey would return as an adult Gideon for the season's fourth episode. The episode, also featuring Emilie", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20154413", "score": "0.9985715", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Isabella Blake-Thomas", "text": "Chai and Mother. Since a very young age, Blake-Thomas has enjoyed being in front of the camera because as she describes is, \"It gives me (Blake-Thomas) the ability to be whoever I want to be.\" Isabella Blake-Thomas Isabella Blake-Thomas (born 21 September 2002 in London, United Kingdom) is an English actress best known for playing Young Zelena in Once Upon A Time, Peggy Kendall in Game Shakers and Sam in Maybe I'm Fine. Blake-Thomas' first role was at the age of five, when she was selected to present the CBeebies television program \"Green Balloon Club\". This ran for one series", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16684757", "score": "0.99773246", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Anna Popplewell", "text": "in the films \"The Little Vampire\" (2000) and \"Girl with a Pearl Earring\" (2003), with Scarlett Johansson. In 2001, she appeared as Victoria in the BBC serial \"Love in a Cold Climate\". Her first major role was in the film \"\" (2005) where she played Susan Pevensie. She has a phobia of mice, which required a double to do part of her scene at the Stone Table in \"The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe\". She reprised her role in the sequel, \"\", in which she acted with William Moseley, Skandar Keynes, Georgie Henley and Ben Barnes. The film opened", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5412447", "score": "0.9971528", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "White Out (Once Upon a Time)", "text": "in the land. Ruth tells her of a dangerous wizard who might be able to help her in her quest for magic, and that she will write down the name for her. David then gives Anna his prized horse as a token of his appreciation. Riding away, Anna reads the name aloud, which is revealed to be Rumpelstiltskin. After Anna says his name, it is revealed that Rumpelstiltskin is watching her. While trying to find her sister Anna (Elizabeth Lail), Elsa (Georgina Haig) traps the exit from Storybrooke by a giant ice wall which cuts power to the town. Emma", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18307468", "score": "0.9947666", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Isabella Blake-Thomas", "text": "\"Married\", in 2015. The following year she appeared in \"Game Shakers\", \"Shameless\" and ABC's \"Once Upon a Time\" as the recurring younger version of Rebecca Mader. In 2017 she re-appeared in \"Once Upon a Time\" and continued on as the lead role in \"Keplers' Dream\" with Holland Taylor, Kelly Lynch, Sean Patrick Flanery and Steven Michael Quezada. She also starred in \"The League of Legend Keepers: Shadows and Pretty Outrageous\". In 2018 Blake-Thomas appeared in the leading role of Sam in \"Maybe I'm Fine\" alongside Kelly Sullivan, Rob Mayes, Flex Alexander and Daniela Alonso. She can be seen as Jon", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16684755", "score": "0.99460584", "original_retrieval_index": 30 } ]

[ "Thomas Alva Edison", "Thomas Edison" ]

[ { "title": "Sound recording and reproduction", "text": "between 1,000,000 and 1,500,000 piano rolls produced. The first device that could record actual sounds as they passed through the air (but could not play them back—the purpose was only visual study) was the phonautograph, patented in 1857 by Parisian inventor Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville. The earliest known recordings of the human voice are phonautograph recordings, called \"phonautograms\", made in 1857. They consist of sheets of paper with sound-wave-modulated white lines created by a vibrating stylus that cut through a coating of soot as the paper was passed under it. An 1860 phonautogram of Au Clair de la Lune, a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5757074", "score": "1.2091335", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Phonograph", "text": "were played back as sound by American audio historians, who used optical scanning and computer processing to convert the traced waveforms into digital audio files. These recordings, made circa 1860, include fragments of two French songs and a recitation in Italian. Charles Cros, a French poet and amateur scientist, is the first person known to have made the conceptual leap from recording sound as a traced line to the theoretical possibility of reproducing the sound from the tracing and then to devising a definite method for accomplishing the reproduction. On April 30, 1877, he deposited a sealed envelope containing a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "323732", "score": "1.2045006", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville", "text": "Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville (25 April 1817 – 26 April 1879) was a French printer and bookseller who lived in Paris. He invented the earliest known sound recording device, the phonautograph, which was patented in France on 25 March 1857. As a printer by trade, he was able to read accounts of the latest scientific discoveries and became an inventor. Scott de Martinville was interested in recording the sound of human speech in a way similar to that achieved by the then new technology of photography for light and image. He hoped for a form of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11758899", "score": "1.1996422", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Phonograph", "text": "the original 1877 recording. Wax cylinder recordings made by 19th century media legends such as P. T. Barnum and Shakespearean actor Edwin Booth are amongst the earliest verified recordings by the famous that have survived to the present. Alexander Graham Bell and his two associates took Edison's tinfoil phonograph and modified it considerably to make it reproduce sound from wax instead of tinfoil. They began their work at Bell's Volta Laboratory in Washington, D. C., in 1879, and continued until they were granted basic patents in 1886 for recording in wax. Although Edison had invented the phonograph in 1877 the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "323757", "score": "1.1877677", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Charles Cros", "text": "Academy of Sciences on December 2, 1867. Ducos du Hauron had patented his ideas on November 28, 1868, almost a full year later, but claimed to have written an unpublished paper on the subject in 1862. Cros is perhaps most famous as the man who almost, but not quite, invented the phonograph. As far as is known, no one before him had thought of a practical way to reproduce sound from a recording of airborne sound waves. He gave the Greek name 'Paleophone' ('voix du passé', tr. 'voice of the past') to his invention. On April 30, 1877 he submitted", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "968842", "score": "1.1739913", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Phonograph", "text": "cents.) Frank Lambert's lead cylinder recording for an experimental talking clock is often identified as the oldest surviving playable sound recording, although the evidence advanced for its early date is controversial. Wax phonograph cylinder recordings of Handel's choral music made on June 29, 1888, at The Crystal Palace in London were thought to be the oldest-known surviving musical recordings, until the recent playback by a group of American historians of a phonautograph recording of \"Au clair de la lune\" made on April 9, 1860. The 1860 phonautogram had not until then been played, as it was only a transcription of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "323754", "score": "1.1654788", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Talking clock", "text": "invention of the phonograph, the earliest attempts to make a clock that incorporated a voice were made. Around 1878, Frank Lambert invented a machine that used a voice recorded on a lead cylinder to call out the hours. Lambert used lead in place of Edison's soft tinfoil. In 1992, the Guinness Book of World Records recognized this as the oldest known sound recording that was playable (though that status now rests with a phonautogram of Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville, recorded in 1857). It is on display at the National Watch and Clock Museum in Columbia, Pennsylvania. Although there have been", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "9938342", "score": "1.1562874", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Phonograph", "text": "include Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville's phonautograph, and Charles Cros's paleophone. Recordings made with the phonautograph were intended to be visual representations of the sound, but were never sonically reproduced until 2008. Cros's paleophone was intended to both record and reproduce sound but had not been developed beyond a basic concept at the time of Edison's successful demonstration of the Phonograph in 1877. Direct tracings of the vibrations of sound-producing objects such as tuning forks had been made by English physician Thomas Young in 1807, but the first known device for recording airborne speech, music and other sounds is the phonautograph,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "323730", "score": "1.1482449", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Ludimar Hermann", "text": "for their solution on the accurate measurement of physical quantities.\" In his analysis of voice and speech, he made use of photographic registration and magnification of the surface features of a phonograph record's grooves to visually display the sounds of speech. Through his work, he determined that the passage of air through the mouth cavity, modified for each vowel, strongly affected the harmonics of tones from the larynx. Ludimar Hermann Ludimar Hermann (October 31, 1838, Berlin – June 5, 1914, Königsberg) was a German physiologist and speech scientist who used the Edison phonograph to test theories of vowel production, particularly", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7495095", "score": "1.14775", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Phonograph", "text": "The phonograph was invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison. While other inventors had produced devices that could record sounds, Edison's phonograph was the first to be able to reproduce the recorded sound. His phonograph originally recorded sound onto a tinfoil sheet wrapped around a rotating cylinder. A stylus responding to sound vibrations produced an up and down or hill-and-dale groove in the foil. Alexander Graham Bell's Volta Laboratory made several improvements in the 1880s and introduced the graphophone, including the use of wax-coated cardboard cylinders and a cutting stylus that moved from side to side in a zig zag groove", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Phonautograph", "text": "song from a comic opera. Previously, the earliest known recording of vocal music was an 1888 Edison wax cylinder phonograph recording of a Handel choral concert. A phonautogram containing the opening lines of Torquato Tasso's pastoral drama Aminta has also been found. Probably recorded in April or May 1860, this phonautogram is the earliest known recording of intelligible spoken words to be played back, predating Frank Lambert's 1878 talking clock recording. Earlier recordings, made in 1857, 1854, and 1853, also contain de Martinville's voice but are unintelligible because of their low quality, brevity and irregularity of speed. Phonautograph The phonautograph", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2839917", "score": "1.1397303", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Sound recording and reproduction", "text": "French folk song, was played back as sound for the first time in 2008 by scanning it and using software to convert the undulating line, which graphically encoded the sound, into a corresponding digital audio file. On April 30, 1877, French poet, humorous writer and inventor Charles Cros submitted a sealed envelope containing a letter to the Academy of Sciences in Paris fully explaining his proposed method, called the paleophone. Though no trace of a working paleophone was ever found, Cros is remembered as the earliest inventor of a sound recording and reproduction machine. The first practical sound recording and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5757075", "score": "1.135646", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Phonograph", "text": "patented in 1857 by French typesetter and inventor Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville. In this device, sound waves travelling through the air vibrated a parchment diaphragm which was linked to a bristle, and the bristle traced a line through a thin coating of soot on a sheet of paper wrapped around a rotating cylinder. The sound vibrations were recorded as undulations or other irregularities in the traced line. Scott's phonautograph was intended purely for the visual study and analysis of the tracings. Reproduction of the recorded sound was not possible with the original phonautograph. In 2008, phonautograph recordings made by Scott", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "323731", "score": "1.1344049", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Silas Leachman", "text": "Silas Leachman Silas Field Leachman (20 August 1859 – 28 April 1936) was an American pioneer recording artist, possibly the first person to make recordings in Chicago and known for making hundreds of thousands of phonograph cylinder recordings in the 1890s. He was born in Louisville, Kentucky, and worked on the railroad before marrying and moving to Chicago in the 1880s. He began recording for the North American Phonograph Company's Chicago branch around 1892, then recorded prolifically for the Chicago Talking Machine Company in the later 1890s. He later recorded for Columbia and, after 1901, Victor. According to a report", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16687199", "score": "1.1323173", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Dictation machine", "text": "continued until they were granted basic patents in 1886 for recording in wax. Thomas A. Edison had invented the phonograph in 1877, but the fame bestowed on him for this invention — sometimes called his most original — was not due to its efficiency. Recording with his tinfoil phonograph was too difficult to be practical, as the tinfoil tore easily, and even when the stylus was properly adjusted, its reproduction of sound was distorted and squeaky, and good for only a few playbacks. Although Edison had hit upon the secret of sound recording, immediately after his discovery he did not", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10176897", "score": "1.1321877", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Frank Lambert (inventor)", "text": "the oldest surviving sound recording but a phonautogram of Au Clair de la Lune by Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville from 1860 has been found to pre-date it. However, Lambert's recording is still the oldest which can be played with its own original device, unlike the phonautogram which was played by optically scanning it and using a computer to process the scan into a digital audio file. Lambert completed his main invention, a typewriter on which the keyboard consists of one single piece. He sold it to the Gramophone Co. Ltd., for which he received US$20,000. Lambert's water meter company was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10332471", "score": "1.1285708", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Phonograph", "text": "found in the Chicago Daily Tribune on May 9), and he demonstrated the device for the first time on November 29 (it was patented on February 19, 1878 as US Patent 200,521). \"In December, 1877, a young man came into the office of the SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, and placed before the editors a small, simple machine about which very few preliminary remarks were offered. The visitor without any ceremony whatever turned the crank, and to the astonishment of all present the machine said: \"Good morning. How do you do? How do you like the phonograph?\" The machine thus spoke for itself,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "323738", "score": "1.1219943", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Invention of the telephone", "text": "him that since the circuit was never broken, all the complex vibrations of speech might be converted into undulating (modulated) currents, which in turn would reproduce the complex timbre, amplitude, and frequencies of speech at a distance. After Bell and Watson discovered on June 2, 1875, that movements of the reed alone in a magnetic field could reproduce the frequencies and timbre of spoken sound waves, Bell reasoned by analogy with the mechanical phonautograph that a skin diaphragm would reproduce sounds like the human ear when connected to a steel or iron reed or hinged armature. On July 1, 1875,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5491492", "score": "1.1212867", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Gianni Bettini", "text": "that he kept his salon and operated his phonograph laboratory. Bettini made a number of high-end phonographs that are highly sought-after today. He invented the Micro-Recorder and Micro-Reproducer, recording and playback devices that improved the sound quality of recordings made on brown wax phonograph cylinders, the first commercially practical recording medium. There were many models and refinements but they all centered on the attachment of the stylus to the diaphragm by a multi-legged unit he called a \"spider\". Most of his inventions were marketed to an affluent clientele comprising the first generation of what would now be called audiophiles. One", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10522819", "score": "1.1169732", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Frank Lambert (inventor)", "text": "1878 or 1879 he built his own version of Edison's sound recording device, the Phonograph, and recorded himself calling out the hours for an Experimental Talking Clock he was developing for the Ansonia Clock Company in Connecticut. However, the attempts to make a commercially viable \"phonograph clock\" proved unsuccessful. After being restored by Aaron Cramer, Lambert's talking clock is currently at the National Watch and Clock Museum in Columbia, PA, and is listed in \"The Guinness Book of World Records\" and in \"The Encyclopedia of Recorded Sound\" as the world's oldest playable recording. Until 2008 it was considered to be", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10332470", "score": "1.1164784", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Antonio Meucci", "text": "was granted a patent for the electromagnetic transmission of vocal sound by undulatory electric current. Despite the longstanding general crediting of Bell with the accomplishment, the Italian government later honored Meucci with the title \"Inventore ufficiale del telefono\" or \"Official inventor of the telephone\". The U.S. House of Representatives also honored Meucci in a resolution in 2002 for having had some role in the development of the telephone (although the U.S. Senate did not join the resolution and the interpretation of the resolution is disputed). Meucci was born at Via dei Serragli 44 in the San Frediano borough of Florence,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2292998", "score": "1.1158457", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Au clair de la lune", "text": "In 2008, a phonautograph paper recording made by Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville of \"Au clair de la lune\" on 9 April 1860, was digitally converted to sound by U.S. researchers. This one-line excerpt of the song was widely reported to have been the earliest recognizable record of the human voice and the earliest recognizable record of music. According to those researchers, the phonautograph recording contains the beginning of the song, \"\". In 2008, composer Fred Momotenko composed \"Au clair de la lune\" as an artistic journey back in time to rediscover the original recording made on 9 April 1860. It", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11758096", "score": "1.1157691", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Gianni Bettini", "text": "Gianni Bettini Gianni Bettini (1860, Novara – 27 February 1938, San Remo) was a gentleman inventor and a pioneer audiophile who invented several phonograph improvements. He is best known for having made the first (and in some cases only) recordings of the voices of several very famous singers and other celebrities of the 1890s. Unfortunately, few of these recordings have survived. Bettini was born in Novara, Italy. In the 1890s he was a New York socialite, living in the swanky Central Park South neighborhood now in the center of Midtown on the edge of the Theater District. It was there", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10522818", "score": "1.1150959", "original_retrieval_index": 29 }, { "title": "Chicago Talking Machine Company", "text": "Amet . After the collapse of the North American Phonograph Company in 1894, the company became a major independent distributor of phonograph records made by the Columbia Phonograph Company, the United States Phonograph Company, and Edison's National Phonograph Company, in addition to those of their own manufacture. Silas Leachman, a Chicago-based recording pioneer who specialized in coon songs, was their most popular artist. By the first issue of the trade magazine Phonoscope in November 1896, the company was in a prominent enough position in the industry to buy the first full-page advertisement of the issue. In 1898, Leon Douglass, who", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20299422", "score": "1.1143069", "original_retrieval_index": 30 }, { "title": "Leon Douglass", "text": "of Victoria Manor into a small cottage nearby. He died in San Francisco at the age of 71. Leon Douglass Leon Forrest Douglass (March 12, 1869 – September 7, 1940) was an American inventor and co-founder of the Victor Talking Machine Company who registered approximately fifty patents, mostly for film and sound recording techniques. Douglass was born in rural Nebraska, near present-day Syracuse. His parents were Seymour James Douglass, a millwright and carpenter, and Mate (Fuller) Douglass. He attended grammar school in Lincoln, Nebraska, was apprenticed to a printer, at eleven was working as a telegraph messenger, and by seventeen", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12196689", "score": "1.1112727", "original_retrieval_index": 31 }, { "title": "Frank Lambert (inventor)", "text": "Frank Lambert (inventor) Francois Lambert (13 June 1851 – 1937) was a French American inventor. Lambert is perhaps best known today for making the second-oldest playable sound recording (1878) on his own version of the phonograph. Lambert also invented a typewriter on which the keyboard consists of one single piece. Lambert was born in Lyon, France; he relocated to the United States in 1876 and became a U.S. citizen in 1893. Twelve years after arriving in the U.S., Lambert, along with a friend John Thomson, founded The Thomson Water Meter Co. to manufacture their design of a water meter. In", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10332469", "score": "1.1087036", "original_retrieval_index": 32 }, { "title": "North American Phonograph Company", "text": "Edison Speaking Phonograph Company in 1878 and shifted his focus to the development of electric light. Between 1880 and 1885, Alexander Graham Bell and his associates at the Volta Laboratory experimented with a variety of processes for improved sound recording. They eventually settled on a recording process based on cutting wax cylinders. On January 6, 1886, the associates formed the Volta Graphophone company and were awarded a patent on their wax cylinder process. Later in the year, Edison resumed research on the phonograph. On March 28, 1887, the Volta associates established the American Graphophone Company for the manufacturing and sale", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19271288", "score": "1.105586", "original_retrieval_index": 34 }, { "title": "Phonograph", "text": "sound waves into graphic form on paper for visual study. Recently developed optical scanning and image processing techniques have given new life to early recordings by making it possible to play unusually delicate or physically unplayable media without physical contact. A recording made on a sheet of tinfoil at an 1878 demonstration of Edison's phonograph in St. Louis, Missouri has been played back by optical scanning and digital analysis. A few other early tinfoil recordings are known to survive, including a slightly earlier one which is believed to preserve the voice of U.S. President Rutherford B. Hayes, but as of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "323755", "score": "1.1012824", "original_retrieval_index": 36 }, { "title": "Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville", "text": "Hayes in 1878. Scott did not visit the US in the 1860s and therefore could not have recorded Lincoln himself, as one version of the legend claims he did. Scott's phonautograms were selected by the Library of Congress as a 2010 addition to the National Recording Registry, which selects recordings annually that are \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\". Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville (25 April 1817 – 26 April 1879) was a French printer and bookseller who lived in Paris. He invented the earliest known sound recording device, the phonautograph, which was patented in France on 25", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11758907", "score": "1.09794", "original_retrieval_index": 38 }, { "title": "Phonautograph", "text": "it was possible to correct the irregularity and greatly improve the results. One phonautogram, created on April 9, 1860, was revealed to be a 20-second recording of the French folk song \"Au clair de la lune\". Due to some confusing 1860 technical terminology, it was initially played at double the original recording speed and believed to be the voice of a woman or child. At the correct speed the voice of a man, almost certainly de Martinville himself, is heard singing the song very slowly. Also recovered were two 1860 recordings of \"Vole, petite abeille\" (\"Fly, Little Bee\"), a lively", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2839916", "score": "1.0969778", "original_retrieval_index": 39 } ]

[ "April 7, 2016" ]

[ { "title": "American Idol controversies", "text": "at 10:09 PM EST. Many DVR users claimed the recording ended before the new winners (Jordin Sparks and David Cook) were announced shortly after 10 PM. FOX executives apologized, and during the season eight Top 2 performance show, host Ryan Seacrest warned viewers that the finale would run overtime. On the April 7, 2009 performance episode of season eight, the show ended nearly eight minutes past its set ending time. This caused viewers who recorded the program to completely miss the show's final performance, Adam Lambert's performance of \"Mad World\" by Tears for Fears, which received a standing ovation from", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7031145", "score": "1.0907125", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "American Idol", "text": "of Coca-Cola as the show's major sponsor, and a decision to only broadcast one, two-hour show per week during the top 12 rounds (with results from the previous week integrated into the performance show, rather than having a separate results show). On May 11, 2015, prior to the fourteenth-season finale, Fox announced that the fifteenth season of \"American Idol\" would be its last. Despite these changes, the show's ratings would decline more sharply. The fourteenth-season finale was the lowest-rated finale ever, with an average of only 8.03 million viewers watching the finale. The show's ratings, however, rebounded in its final", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1580823", "score": "1.0547688", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "American Idol", "text": "was down 11% among total viewers, and the results show in which Kristy Lee Cook was eliminated delivered its lowest-rated Wednesday show among the 18–34 demo since the first season in 2002. However, the ratings rebounded for the seventh-season finale with the excitement over the battle of the Davids, and improved over the sixth season as the series' third most watched finale. The strong finish of season seven also helped Fox become the most watched TV network in the country for the first time since its inception, a first ever in American television history for a non-Big Three major broadcast", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1580816", "score": "1.0454494", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "StarTomorrow", "text": "to \"American idol\", 92 bands competed in weekly head-to-head competition, and bands that won were then given the chance to compete in the competition's second round. The show finale was in November 2006 and was eventually won by award winning artist, Cindy Alexander. However, the show's contract was so bad that \"none\" of the Top 5(Cindy Alexander, Bob Gentry, Brooke Ramel, Hydra FX, Blake Cody) bands signed. NBC officially ceased production on March 26, 2007. StarTomorrow StarTomorrow was an online-only musical talent search created by NBC and music executive Tommy Mottola produced by 25/7 Productions in association with CenterStaging and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7171909", "score": "1.0405792", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 9)", "text": "this season ended, although only Cowell's departure was announced in advance. This was the second season where neither of the final 2 contestants had been in the bottom 2 or 3 prior to the finale, with the first being the seventh season. This was also the third consecutive season a male contestant had won, the longest streak for either gender. It was the first season since sixth season where a female made it to the finale and was also the first time since the seventh season that both the finalists released a different song as a debut single. Lee DeWyze,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13390564", "score": "1.0315874", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 1)", "text": "American Idol (season 1) The first season of \"American Idol\" premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. The first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended. The winner, Kelly Clarkson, signed with RCA Records, the label in partnership with American Idol's 19 Recordings. Immediately post-finale, Clarkson released two singles, including the coronation song, \"A Moment Like This\". \"A Moment Like This\" went on to break a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6935697", "score": "1.0291283", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 2)", "text": "American Idol (season 2) The second season of \"American Idol\" premiered on January 21, 2003, and continued until May 21, 2003. The title of show was shortened from \"American Idol: The Search for a Superstar\" of Season 1 to just \"American Idol\". Brian Dunkleman quit after the first season, and Seacrest therefore became the lone host in Season 2 as well as all subsequent seasons. Kristin Holt was a special correspondent. It was won by Ruben Studdard. It was the first season to crown a male winner, and the first season to have a finale with two male contestants, Studdard", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6934975", "score": "1.0167284", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 14)", "text": "to the finale. Before the finale, it was announced that the upcoming season airing in 2016 would be the last of the reality show. Since the series began in 2002 it peaked in viewership at 30 million viewers per episode in 2006, slipping to 20 million viewers per episode in 2011, and down further since with an average of about 9.15 million viewers per episode in 2015. On May 13, Nick Fradiani was announced the winner of the season, with Clark Beckham as runner-up. The fourteenth season of \"American Idol\" featured a number of major changes to its format and", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18032573", "score": "1.015026", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 5)", "text": "American Idol (season 5) The fifth season of reality television singing competition \"American Idol\" began on January 17, 2006, and concluded on May 24, 2006. Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell returned to judge, and Ryan Seacrest returned to host. It is the most successful season to date ratings-wise, and resulted in 18 contestants (including all of the top 10 and a few semifinalists) getting record deals – nine of them with major labels. It was the first season with a male winner (Taylor Hicks) and a female runner-up (Katharine McPhee). It was also the first season of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6936351", "score": "1.0135846", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "American Idol", "text": "American Idol is an American singing competition television series created by Simon Fuller, produced by FremantleMedia North America and 19 Entertainment, and distributed by FremantleMedia North America. It initially aired on Fox from June 11, 2002 to April 7, 2016 for 15 seasons. On March 11, 2018, the 16th season made its debut on ABC.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Fox Broadcasting Company", "text": "program in these categories. The 2012 season finale of \"American Idol\" marked the end of the season-long 25th anniversary of the establishment of Fox network, helping it win in the 18-49 demographic for the eighth consecutive season, the longest such streak according to Nielsen measurement records. Fox suffered a collapse in viewership during the 2012–13 season; \"American Idol\" and \"Glee\" suffered steep ratings declines, while the network as a whole fell to third place (suffering an overall decrease by 22%) in total viewership and to second place in the 18-49 demographic (where it remained ) by the end of the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "567592", "score": "1.0087934", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 8)", "text": "the American Idol.\" Season eight was the top show for the 2008–09 broadcast primetime season and took the top two spots for its Tuesday and Wednesday episodes. The viewers number for the Wednesday episodes averaged 25.527 million, while the Tuesday episodes averaged 24.741 million. The ratings were down from season seven, with the finale dropping 13% in the 18–49 demo and 9% in total viewers number. American Idol (season 8) The eighth season of \"American Idol\" premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10471431", "score": "1.0083673", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 4)", "text": "American Idol (season 4) The fourth season of \"American Idol\" premiered on January 18, 2005 and continued until May 25, 2005. It was hosted by Ryan Seacrest. Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell also returned to judge. Carrie Underwood won the season with approximately 500 million votes cast in the season and 37 million for the finale. Underwood has since gone on to become a seven-time Grammy-winning country megastar. While in the past seasons celebrity guest judges have been invited to participate during the competition, this was the first season where guest judges were invited to participate in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6938093", "score": "1.0065082", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 3)", "text": "only exception being the grand finale. Season 3 was the first season where both the winner and the runner-up had been in the bottom 2 or 3 prior to the finale. It was the first season to have a finale with two female contestants. It is also the first season where a Wild Card contestant, Leah LaBelle, was eliminated in the first episode of the finals. It was the first season to have a gender imbalance among the finalists, Season 3 had eight female finalists. Both Fantasia and Diana DeGarmo released a single after the finale. Fantasia's first single, released", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6938214", "score": "1.0063217", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 8)", "text": "American Idol (season 8) The eighth season of \"American Idol\" premiered on January 13, 2009, and concluded on May 20, 2009. Judges Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson continued to judge the show's contestants, along with Ryan Seacrest as host. The season introduced Kara DioGuardi as the fourth judge on the \"Idol\" panel. It was also Abdul's final season as a judge. Kris Allen, a native of Conway, Arkansas, was announced the winner of the competition on May 20, 2009, defeating runner-up Adam Lambert after nearly 100 million votes. This was the second season where both of the final", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10471397", "score": "1.0055866", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 4)", "text": "one on the Billboard Hot 100 on June 14, 2005 and had first-week sales of 170,000 copies. One week later, runner-up Bo Bice released his version of the song, which debuted at number two. Note: Bottom 2 indicates that the contestant was 'saved' last. This may or may not indicate his or her actual vote rank. The computer program DialIdol, which allows voters to autodial their votes and uses the dialing results to make predictions about the eliminations, was in development during season 4. It was finished by Top 6 week and was used to predict the voting results from", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6938101", "score": "1.0029345", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 13)", "text": "songs chosen by the judges and in-house mentor Randy Jackson; the third was a reprisal of a previous performance, selected by the finalists' hometowns. Also, the performance show marked the series' 500th episode overall. This week, the final two contestants sang a song chosen by the show's creator, a song from their previous appearance on the show this season, and a coronation song for the winner. During his interview with AfterBuzz TV following the Top 5 elimination show, Caleb Johnson made offensive remarks about his fans who tweet him song suggestions. \"[Twitter] gives access to a bunch of retards to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17296516", "score": "1.0006616", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 4)", "text": "numbers for the contestants. The result show was moved to Thursday.\" The compilation album for this season was performed by the top twelve finalists. \"Source: Idolsmusic.com\" American Idol (season 4) The fourth season of \"American Idol\" premiered on January 18, 2005 and continued until May 25, 2005. It was hosted by Ryan Seacrest. Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul and Simon Cowell also returned to judge. Carrie Underwood won the season with approximately 500 million votes cast in the season and 37 million for the finale. Underwood has since gone on to become a seven-time Grammy-winning country megastar. While in the past", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6938105", "score": "1.0003893", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 6)", "text": "American Idol (season 6) The sixth season of \"American Idol\" premiered on the Fox Broadcasting Company as a two-night, four-hour premiere special on January 16 and January 17, and ran until May 23, 2007. Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, and Randy Jackson returned to judge once again, and Ryan Seacrest returned as host. A new record of 74 million votes were cast in the finale round, and a new record of 609 million votes were cast in the entire season (the seasonal total record was surpassed by the tenth season and the finale vote record was broken by the eleventh season).", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7833715", "score": "0.99973613", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "American Idol", "text": "however, suffered a steep drop in ratings, a drop attributed by some to the arrival of new shows such as \"The Voice\" and \"The X-Factor\". The ratings for the first two episodes of the eleventh season fell 16–21% in overall viewer numbers and 24–27% in the 18/49 demo, while the season finale fell 27% in total viewer number and 30% in the 18–49 demo. The average viewership for the season fell below 20 million viewers the first time since 2003, a drop of 23% in total viewers and 30% in the 18/49 demo. For the first time in eight years,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1580820", "score": "0.997667", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "American Idol", "text": "the show. This was the first season where the contestants were permitted to perform in the final rounds songs they wrote themselves. In the Top 8, Sam Woolf received the fewest votes, but he was saved from elimination by the judges. The 500th episode of the series was the Top 3 performance night. Caleb Johnson was named the winner of the season, with Jena Irene as the runner-up. Johnson released \"As Long as You Love Me\" as his coronation single while Irene released \"We Are One\". The fourteenth season premiered on January 7, 2015. Jennifer Lopez, Keith Urban and Harry", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1580806", "score": "0.99749637", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 1)", "text": "seen in the initial run of season 1, including Kelly Clarkson's full audition. Source: American Idol (season 1) The first season of \"American Idol\" premiered on June 11, 2002 (under the full title American Idol: The Search for a Superstar) and continued until September 4, 2002. It was won by Kelly Clarkson. The first season was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman, the latter of whom left the show after the season ended. The winner, Kelly Clarkson, signed with RCA Records, the label in partnership with American Idol's 19 Recordings. Immediately post-finale, Clarkson released two singles, including the coronation", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "6935715", "score": "0.99732196", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "The Winner Is", "text": "Showalter, Leah Grace, and the vocal groups Senior Sounds of Touch and The LaFontaines. With a dismal 1.0 rating/3 share among adults 18–49, NBC announced its immediate cancellation on August 6, 2013, with two episodes remaining. In the first round, six contestants or groups are paired against each other and perform a song of their choice. After each of the contestants or groups have performed their song the 101 voters decide who did better. The voting numbers are then revealed, but the contestants are not told which number is theirs. The host presents them with an offer of money. The", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17323857", "score": "0.99643993", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 15)", "text": "and the eighth male winner in nine years. It was the series' final season to air on Fox; in May 2017, ABC announced that it would revive \"American Idol\"; the revival started in 2018. For the first time, performances by the Top 24 were judged solely by the show's judges and producers, who determined which contestants were eliminated. From each group of 12, seven advanced and five were eliminated, resulting in a Top 14 for the third week of the semi-finals. The voting limit for this season was ten votes per contestant per voting method, half of what it was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18781280", "score": "0.99625456", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 11)", "text": "two months after the finale. Lopez later returned as a judge for the show's thirteenth season. The season set a record when 132 million votes were gathered for the finale. On May 23, 2012, Phillip Phillips became the winner of the eleventh season of \"American Idol\", beating Jessica Sanchez, the first female recipient of the judges' save. Auditions took place in the following cities: The New Jersey audition was a late addition to the schedule, the audition was held although the attendance was reportedly low. However, the audition episode was not shown, the first time that a scheduled audition that", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "15659022", "score": "0.99315935", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 14)", "text": "American Idol (season 14) The fourteenth season of \"American Idol\", also known as American Idol XIV, premiered on the Fox television network on January 7, 2015. Ryan Seacrest continues his role as host, while Jennifer Lopez, Keith Urban and Harry Connick Jr. returned for their respective fourth, third and second times as judges. Randy Jackson stepped down as mentor, being replaced by Scott Borchetta. Long-time sponsor Coca-Cola ended its relationship with the show. This was the fourth season to have an all-male finale and the third season where the final two contestants had never been in the bottom group prior", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18032572", "score": "0.9928798", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "American Broadcasting Company", "text": "a breakout hit with \"The Good Doctor\", which lead to the series getting an early full-season pickup. Additionally, ABC has revived former FOX series \"American Idol\" to premiere during the mid-season. As a result, veteran dramas \"Once Upon a Time\" and \"Marvel Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\" were displaced to Friday nights, while \"Shark Tank\" was moved to Sunday nights in order to accommodate a time slot for \"American Idol\". This season also saw veteran series \"The Middle\", \"Once Upon a Time\", and \"Scandal\" end their runs. ABC also revived \"Roseanne\", which originally ran from 1988 to 1997, for a tenth season,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "720993", "score": "0.9921267", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "American Idol (season 16)", "text": "11 to August 12 and Forever in Your Mind from August 13 to September 16. American Idol (season 16) The sixteenth season of \"American Idol\" premiered on March 11, 2018, on the ABC television network. It is the show's first season to air on ABC, after 15 years on Fox. Ryan Seacrest continued his role as the show's host, while Katy Perry, Luke Bryan, and Lionel Richie joined as judges. Maddie Poppe from Clarksville, Iowa won the season on May 21, 2018, while her boyfriend Caleb Lee Hutchinson was the Runner-up, and Gabby Barrett finished in third place. Poppe was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20468046", "score": "0.99186873", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "American Idol", "text": "were usually aired live on Tuesday nights, followed by the results shows on Wednesdays, but moved to Wednesdays and Thursdays from the tenth through thirteenth seasons. From the fourteenth season onward, there were no separate results shows. On the fourteenth season, the show aired on Wednesday nights, and on the fifteenth season, Thursday nights. From the sixteenth season onward, it aired on Sundays and Mondays. The first season of \"American Idol\" debuted as a summer replacement show in June 2002 on the Fox network. It was co-hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Brian Dunkleman. In the audition rounds, 121 contestants were", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1580771", "score": "0.9895641", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "American Idol", "text": "season, and ended its run in 2016 as Fox's first ever program to conclude its run without dropping from the Nielsen Top 30 most watched television shows in each of its seasons. Early reviews were mixed in their assessment. Ken Tucker of \"Entertainment Weekly\" considered that \"As TV, \"American Idol\" is crazily entertaining; as music, it's dust-mote inconsequential\". Others, however, thought that \"the most striking aspect of the series was the genuine talent it revealed\". It was also described as a \"sadistic musical bake-off\", and \"a romp in humiliation\". Other aspects of the show have attracted criticisms. The product placement", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "1580824", "score": "0.9888811", "original_retrieval_index": 29 } ]

[ "anti-smacking bill", "21 June 2007" ]

[ { "title": "Child abuse in New Zealand", "text": "control. The amendment was colloquially referred to as an 'anti-smacking law' and was introduced as a private members bill by Green Party member Sue Bradford in 2005. It was endorsed by many organisations such as woman's refuge and Plunket however there was question as to what the law disallowed in the way of discipline with many questioning the right to a 'light smack' in the way of disciplining a child. The \"it's not okay\" campaign began with television advertisements in 2007 and 2008. Surveys were done to measure the effectiveness of this campaign and found that at least 95% of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18028038", "score": "1.4029069", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Crimes (Substituted Section 59) Amendment Act 2007", "text": "'protect children from assault'. The first conviction under the new law occurred on 22 November 2007. In the first five years of the law (June 2007 – June 2012) there were eight prosecutions for smacking. A broad selection of organisations – including child welfare groups, churches, women's groups and businesses – publicly endorsed the bill and made submissions in support of it. Gordon Copeland resigned from the United Future party over the Bill since he did not agree with the party leader Peter Dunne's support for it. However, Copeland was not re-elected to Parliament at the New Zealand general election,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10238324", "score": "1.312929", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Sue Bradford", "text": "committee stage and its second parliamentary reading with a huge majority, and became law after it passed its third reading 113 to 8 on 16 May 2007. The Bill occasioned widespread debate largely due its depiction as an \"anti-smacking\" bill, and a movement led by Family First New Zealand called a citizens initiated referendum on the issue. In one reaction to the Bill, threats were made against Bradford on the \"CYFS Watch\" website. After the Ministry of Social Development complained about the threats, Google shut down the website. Further death threats were made against her in August 2009. Soon after", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3887038", "score": "1.2723584", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "2009 New Zealand citizens-initiated referendum", "text": "2009 New Zealand citizens-initiated referendum The New Zealand corporal punishment referendum, 2009 was held from 31 July to 21 August, and was a citizens-initiated referendum on parental corporal punishment. It asked: \"Should a smack as part of good parental correction be a criminal offence in New Zealand?\" Voter turnout was 56.1%. 87.4% of votes answered 'no'. The result of the referendum was non-binding and the New Zealand government did not change the law in response to the outcome. The petition for the referendum was launched in February 2007 in response to the Crimes (Substituted Section 59) Amendment Bill, which would", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13238510", "score": "1.2155142", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "The Law of Corporal Punishment in England and Wales", "text": "the citizens of England and Wales that Act’s effects in lay terms, such as the following from \"The Daily Telegraph\".\"“Parents who smack their children hard enough to leave a mark will face up to five years' imprisonment from today. New laws which came into force at midnight allow mild smacking but criminalise any physical punishment which causes visible bruising.\"\"A ‘reasonable chastisement’ defence will still be available to parents but they could be charged with common assault if a smack causes bruises, grazes, scratches, minor swellings or cuts.\" \"Child protection charity the NSPCC said the law was flawed and called for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19781422", "score": "1.1963162", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Doug Woolerton", "text": "private members bill to outlaw parental corporal punishment of children (or smacking). Doug Woolerton Doug Woolerton (born 17 May 1944) is a New Zealand politician. He was educated at Hamilton Boys' High School, and has a background in agriculture, having been a farmer for twenty-one years and director of a milk company for nine. Woolerton was originally a member of the National Party, and stood for selection for the seat of Hamilton West in 1990. However he was beaten by Grant Thomas who later won the seat. Woolerton left the National Party in 1992 to form the New Zealand First", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3915071", "score": "1.188261", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "The Law of Corporal Punishment in England and Wales", "text": "a total ban on smacking.\"\"NSPCC boss Mary Marsh said: ‘Hitting a child remains legal — as long as parents do not cause children injury amounting to anything more than transient reddening of the skin.\" \"This new law is flawed. There is a risk that parents may choose to hit children on parts of their body where injury is less visible, such as the head, which can cause serious harm.’\"\"The Government suffered a rebellion by 47 Labour MPs who wanted a total ban when the measures were passed in the Children Act last November.\" \"Mrs Marsh added: ‘Parents may find themselves,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19781423", "score": "1.1841583", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "2009 New Zealand citizens-initiated referendum", "text": "stated view in a referendum on that issue after the New Zealand general election, 2017 2009 New Zealand citizens-initiated referendum The New Zealand corporal punishment referendum, 2009 was held from 31 July to 21 August, and was a citizens-initiated referendum on parental corporal punishment. It asked: \"Should a smack as part of good parental correction be a criminal offence in New Zealand?\" Voter turnout was 56.1%. 87.4% of votes answered 'no'. The result of the referendum was non-binding and the New Zealand government did not change the law in response to the outcome. The petition for the referendum was launched", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13238522", "score": "1.1766949", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Crimes (Substituted Section 59) Amendment Act 2007", "text": "National, giving its members a conscience vote on the issue'. A new section, Clause 4, was added as part of a political agreement with the Leader of the Opposition, John Key, and the amendment passed by 113 votes to 8 with both major parties voting for the bill. Bradford considers that smacking was illegal even before the Act was passed. When an illegal activity is reported to the Police or to Child Youth and Family (CYF), they are required to investigate the reported abuse. Under subsection 4, The Police have the option of not prosecuting the parents 'where the offence", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10238321", "score": "1.1602381", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Crimes (Substituted Section 59) Amendment Act 2007", "text": "The law was introduced to the New Zealand Parliament as a private members bill by Green Party Member of Parliament Sue Bradford in 2005, after being drawn from the ballot. It drew intense debate, both in Parliament and from the public. The bill was colloquially referred to by several of its opponents and newspapers as the \"anti-smacking bill\". The bill was passed on its third reading on 16 May 2007 by 113 votes to eight. The Governor-General of New Zealand granted the bill Royal Assent on 21 May 2007, and the law came into effect on 21 June 2007.", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "2009 New Zealand citizens-initiated referendum", "text": "that the government would change the law if it was not working, but that he believed the current law was working well. The wording of citizens-initiated referendum questions was ultimately the responsibility of the Clerk of the House of Representatives, David McGee. Under the referendum legislation, the wording of the question is required to \"convey clearly the purpose and effect\" of the referendum. The referendum question was interpreted by some to assume that \"a smack\" can form part of \"good parental correction\". Murray Edridge, Chief Executive of Barnardos New Zealand, claimed that the question \"presupposes that smacking is part of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13238513", "score": "1.0791329", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Phil Goff", "text": "vote in the 2009 corporal punishment referendum. Goff said that the question \"\"Should a smack as part of good parental correction be a criminal offence in New Zealand?\"\" was \"absolutely\" the wrong question, and that \"the question implies that if you vote 'yes' that you're in favour of criminal sanctions being taken against reasonable parents – actually nobody believes that.\" In John Key's Statement to Parliament in February 2010, the government announced its consideration of raising Goods and Services Tax from 12.5% to 15%. Goff opposed the raise, saying that \"GST increase will hurt families that are already struggling to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2652119", "score": "1.0779604", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Crimes (Substituted Section 59) Amendment Act 2007", "text": "2008, although his political vehicle, The Kiwi Party, made that issue paramount in its election campaign. Most public opposition to the Bill came from conservative Christian groups, who believed that it made even \"light smacking\" of children illegal. Multipartisan passage of the bill occurred after an additional clause was added stating that the bill did not remove police discretion on whether to prosecute in \"inconsequential\" cases when it was not in the public interest to do so. During debate on the Bill a poster on the CYFSWatch website threatened Bradford. Google removed the website from its Blogger service soon after.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10238325", "score": "1.0770899", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Corporal punishment", "text": "paddles, etc. are strictly prohibited). It is also illegal to strike the head when disciplining a child. In the UK, spanking or smacking is legal, but it must not cause an injury amounting to Actual Bodily Harm (any injury such as visible bruising, breaking of the whole skin etc.); in addition, in Scotland, since October 2003, it has been illegal to use any implements or to strike the head when disciplining a child, and it is also prohibited to use corporal punishment towards children under the age of 3 years. In Pakistan, Section 89 of Pakistan Penal Code allows corporal", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "664282", "score": "1.0668006", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Referendums in New Zealand", "text": "others. Following the submission of a petition on 22 August 2008, the Clerk of the House verified to Parliament that the threshold for a CIR had been reached. Supporters were hoping for the referendum to be held alongside the 8 November general election, but it was decided by Parliament to hold the referendum by postal ballot between 31 July and 21 August 2009. The question asked was \"Should a smack as part of good parental correction be a criminal offence in New Zealand?\" Voter turnout was 56.1 percent. While 87.4 percent of votes answered 'no', the question drew widespread criticism", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "7867902", "score": "1.0604849", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Family First New Zealand", "text": "2007 amendment act which replaced Section 59 of the Crimes Act 1961, which had allowed for a defence of reasonable force in child abuse cases based on corporal punishment. The petition gained 324,316 signatures although only 285,027 were required for a referendum. When checked for invalid signatures there was a shortfall of 15,000 signatures. Sufficient signatures were then obtained to hold the New Zealand citizens-initiated referendum, 2009, asking voters \"Should a smack as part of good parental correction be a criminal offence in New Zealand?\". In May 2009, Family First criticised the Government for spending $8 million on the referendum", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "11528337", "score": "1.0549619", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "The Law of Corporal Punishment in England and Wales", "text": "often in the heat of the moment, trying to decide how hard and where on the body they can hit their children to avoid prosecution for leaving a mark.\" \"It should be just as wrong to hit a child as it is to hit an adult.’\"\"A Department for Education and Skills spokeswoman said: ‘The Government has sent a clear message to parents that they will not be criminalised for bringing up their children in a supportive disciplinary environment and are able to consider smacking as part of that.’”\"Also contemporary, the CPS made less public assertion that with child victims of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19781424", "score": "1.0454335", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Loaded question", "text": "clumsy, and wrong... I had fallen into a trap and said something that I simply did not mean. That is no one's fault but my own. For another example, the 2009 referendum on corporal punishment in New Zealand asked: \"Should a smack as part of good parental correction be a criminal offence in New Zealand?\" Murray Edridge, of Barnardos New Zealand, criticized the question as \"loaded and ambiguous\" and claimed \"the question presupposes that smacking is a part of good parental correction\". Loaded question A loaded question or complex question fallacy is a question that contains a controversial or unjustified", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "233128", "score": "1.044667", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Crimes (Substituted Section 59) Amendment Act 2007", "text": "education and promotion of changing attitudes and parenting practice. In the 2008 Budget the then Labour Government said it was 'providing $446.5 million over the next four years to improve our partnership with community-based social services to help deliver essential services to support children and families, including parenting and family violence programmes, and mentoring at-risk youth.' This included the \"Are you OK?\" anti-family-violence campaign. The law change has been described by supporters as aimed at making 'Aotearoa New Zealand […] a place where children are secure, confident, understand limits and boundaries and behave well – without physical punishment' and to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10238323", "score": "1.0386242", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Happy slapping", "text": "be liable to a fine or imprisonment for any term which does not exceed 3 years. Happy slapping is judged as \"simple battery\" as defined by section 244 of the Danish Criminal Code. In February 2007, an amendment aimed at criminalising \"happy slapping\" was added to a law \"on the prevention of delinquency\" by the Parliament of France based on a proposal from then Interior Minister Nicolas Sarkozy. the anti-happy-slapping clause appears as the last part of Article 44, which also deals with ambushing law enforcement personnel. The law equates filming or photographing certain classes of violent crimes, including severe", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5011500", "score": "1.026154", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "2009 New Zealand citizens-initiated referendum", "text": "Yes. The \"Vote NO\" campaign website was launched on 22 June 2009. The campaign was supported by Simon Barnett. ACT leader Rodney Hide said he would vote no, believing parents have the right to lightly smack their children. Family First and The Kiwi Party also supported voting 'no'. Prime Minister John Key promised to bring forward the planned review of the law. By coincidence, Government coalition and ACT MP John Boscawen had a private member's bill legalising smacking drawn from the ballot less than a week after the referendum. Prime Minister John Key said his National Party would vote it", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13238519", "score": "1.0238123", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "School corporal punishment", "text": "in many Malaysian schools. Legally it should be applied only to male students, but the idea of making the caning of girls lawful has recently been debated. This would be applied to the palm of the hand, whereas boys are typically caned across the seat of the trousers. Banned in 1920. Corporal punishment in New Zealand schools was abolished in 1987, but wasn't abolished legislatively until 23 July 1990, when Section 139A of the Education Act 1989 was inserted by the Education Amendment Act 1990. Section 139A prohibits anyone employed by a school or ECE provider, or anyone supervising or", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12731978", "score": "1.0220098", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Child abuse in New Zealand", "text": "what the consequences of shaking a baby at the early stages of development were. It was introduced by Paula Bennett the Minister of Social Development and Employment at the time. The concern was that the statistics showed that every five days on average a child was hospitalized due to non accidental injuries. The campaign also involved a first-response community-based child abuse prevention trial that followed up on those families in which domestic violence had been reported. This was a government submission on their commitment to address the factors that place children at risk of abuse, the government response to protect", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18028035", "score": "1.0133967", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Spanking", "text": "Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, the word \"smacking\" is generally used in preference to \"spanking\" when describing striking with an open hand, rather than with an implement. Whereas a spanking is invariably administered to the bottom, a \"smacking\" is less specific and may refer to slapping the child's hands, arms or legs as well as its bottom. Parents commonly spank their children as a form of corporal punishment in the United States. It is normally done with one or more slaps on the child's buttocks with a bare hand, although, not uncommonly, various objects are used to spank children. Historically,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "610864", "score": "1.0006891", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Helen Clark", "text": "of the Crimes (Substituted Section 59) Amendment Act 2007 (the so-called anti-smacking law). She was accused of having a \"nanny state\" approach to social issues, a perception captured by the pejorative term 'Helengrad'. Labour had been consistently behind the National Party in opinion polls since 2006, and the gap widened significantly in early 2007. On 5 August 2008 the Treasury announced that the New Zealand economy had entered a recession. Clark's personal popularity was eclipsed by John Key soon after the latter's election as National Party Leader in November 2006. In the final media polls prior to the Key was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13379247", "score": "1.0003185", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand", "text": "defence of \"reasonable force\" for parents prosecuted for assault against children, and was drawn from the ballot in 2005. It led to widespread debate and accusations that MPs supporting the bill were fostering a 'nanny state' approach. Despite this, the Bill became law after it passed its third reading on 16 May 2007 with an overwhelming majority of 113 votes for and 7 votes against. In the 2008 election the Greens increased their share of the vote to 6.72%, enough for 9 MPs, even though there was a swing throughout the country to the National Party. This initially gave the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2202032", "score": "0.99380046", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Slapping (strike)", "text": "across the face and injure him/her severely, but in calling it a slap, it may seem less severe, since slapping is often associated with minor violence. Slapping is viewed differently by different cultures. In Iceland, slapping of children is viewed as an extreme form of physical abuse, whereas in the United Kingdom it is seen by only some parents as abusive, and even then only moderately so. However, it is illegal in Scotland to smack a child. A 1998 Indian study found a high rate of approval for husbands slapping their wives, particularly among husbands and middle-class Indians. In some", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19209142", "score": "0.9880224", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Child discipline", "text": "2006 retrospective study in New Zealand, showed that physical punishment of children remained quite common in the 1970s and 1980s, with 80% of the sample reporting some kind of corporal punishment from parents, at some time during childhood. Among this sample, 29% reported being hit with an empty hand. However 45% were hit with an object, and 6% were subjected to serious physical abuse. The study noted that abusive physical punishment tended to be given by fathers and often involved striking the child's head or torso instead of the buttocks or limbs. Attitudes have changed in recent years, and legislation", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3386551", "score": "0.9859478", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Child discipline", "text": "in some countries, particularly in continental Europe, reflect an increased skepticism toward corporal punishment. As of December 2017, domestic corporal punishment has been outlawed in 56 countries around the world, most of them in Europe and Latin America, beginning with Sweden in 1966. Official figures show that just 10 percent of Swedish children had been spanked or otherwise struck by their parents by 2010, compared to more than 90 percent in the 1960s. The Swedish law does not actually lay down any legal punishment for smacking but requires social workers to support families with problems. Even as corporal punishment became", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3386552", "score": "0.9765029", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "2009 New Zealand citizens-initiated referendum", "text": "which predetermines the answer. People answering the question will be drawn to answer \"no\" on the basis that what is \"good\" cannot be criminal. Caritas Aotearoa New Zealand has made this argument: Mr Smith says the upcoming referendum will not provide clarity on the question of child discipline, because it is possible to support the 2007 amendment while voting either Yes or No to the referendum question: Should a smack as part of good parental correction be a criminal offence in New Zealand? However, Caritas recognises that in the political context of the referendum, a 'Yes' vote is seen to", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13238516", "score": "0.96962285", "original_retrieval_index": 29 } ]

[ "Tyrion Lannister" ]

[ { "title": "Dwarf (Middle-earth)", "text": "Kindreds\", named after each of the founding fathers—Durin, Bávor, Dwálin, Thrár, Druin, Thelór and Bárin—are given in \"The Lords of Middle-earth—Volume III\" (1989). In Peter Jackson's live action adaptation of \"The Lord of the Rings\" film trilogy, Gimli's character is occasionally used as comic relief and several of his appearances are intended to emphasize the difference between the Dwarves and Elves. As explained in the DVD commentary, the races in the Fellowship come in three height ranges: regular sized Men and Elves, Dwarves who average , and Hobbits who average . The adaptation had to digitally composite certain wide shots", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "732614", "score": "0.9642106", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Dwarf (Middle-earth)", "text": "a shorter stunt double seen from behind. In contrast, because Dwarves and Hobbits are in the same size scale, Gimli interacts freely with the Hobbit characters within the same camera frame. A good example is when the Fellowship enters Lothlórien, and Gimli walks up to Frodo and puts his hand on his shoulder, warning him to stay close. Actor John Rhys-Davies is actually <nowiki>6'1\"</nowiki> (1.85 m) (two inches (5 cm) taller than Viggo Mortensen, who plays Aragorn), much taller than Elijah Wood (Frodo) who is <nowiki>5'6\"</nowiki> (1.67 m), thus keeping the proportion that Dwarves are taller than Hobbits. Other dwarves", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "732616", "score": "0.93060577", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Dwarf (Middle-earth)", "text": "In Appendix F of \"The Lord of the Rings\" it is explained that if we still spoke of \"dwarves\" regularly, English might have retained a special plural for the word \"dwarf\" as with \"goose\"—\"geese\". Despite Tolkien's fondness for it, the form \"dwarrow\" only appears in his writing as \"Dwarrowdelf\", a name for Moria. Tolkien used \"Dwarves\", instead, which corresponds with \"Elf\" and \"Elves\". In this matter, one has to consider the fact that the etymological development of the term \"dwarf\" differs from the similar-sounding word \"scarf\" (plural \"scarves\"). The English word is related to old Norse \"dvergr\", which, in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "732580", "score": "0.8995048", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Dwarf (Middle-earth)", "text": "are named as Durin, Sindri, Linnar, Var, Uri, Thulin and Vigdis. In the real-time strategy game \"\", and its , both based on the Jackson films, Dwarves are heavily influenced by classical military practice, and use throwing axes, war hammers, spears, and circular or Roman-style shields. One dwarf unit is the \"Phalanx\" and is very similar to its Greek counterpart. Dwarf (Middle-earth) In the fantasy of J. R. R. Tolkien, the Dwarves are a race inhabiting Middle-earth, the central continent of Earth in an imagined mythological past. They are based on the dwarfs of Germanic myths: small humanoids that dwell", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "732621", "score": "0.8952601", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Game of Thrones (season 4)", "text": "your last name is Lannister. We found a fellow who can handle the job description and make it seem effortless. He wasn't easy to find and he won't be easy to stop\". Martin commented on the casting by saying: \"I wasn't present for Pedro Pascal's audition, but I understand that he really killed it with his reading. And since his casting was announced, the producer of another TV show on which he appeared recently has written me to say how terrific Pascal is, and to congratulate us on the casting. So I suspect that he will turn out to be", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17142222", "score": "0.87701714", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Oathbreaker (Game of Thrones)", "text": "says her name. When she replies, \"a girl has no name,\" Jaqen offers her a drink from the poisonous well in the temple's entrance chamber. Arya drinks and closes her eyes, reopening them to reveal that her sight has been restored. Smalljon Umber meets with Ramsay Bolton and Harald Karstark. He explains to Ramsay that Jon Snow has been letting Wildlings through the Wall and fears that they will make their way south. When Ramsay asks why the Umbers have not already sworn fealty, Smalljon expresses his dislike for Roose Bolton and declares that was why Ramsay killed him, despite", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19447647", "score": "0.86793053", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Tyrion Lannister", "text": "wrote in 2011: Tyrion is intelligent, witty, well-read, and shares his father's skill for business and political maneuvering. Grossman describes the character as \"a bitter, cynical, high-born dwarf\", calling him \"Martin's Falstaff\". David Orr of \"The New York Times\" notes Tyrion to be \"a cynic, a drinker, an outcast and conspicuously the novels' most intelligent presence\". As an outcast, he displays sympathy for other outcasts and the otherwise mistreated; the TV series version of the character commiserates with the illegitimate son of Ned Stark by saying \"All dwarfs are bastards in their father's eyes.\" Still, he is usually seen for", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17654872", "score": "0.86213726", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "DWARF", "text": "DWARF DWARF is a widely used, standardized debugging data format. DWARF was originally designed along with Executable and Linkable Format (ELF), although it is independent of object file formats. The name is a medieval fantasy complement to \"ELF\" that has no official meaning, although the backronym 'Debugging With Attributed Record Formats' was later proposed. The first version of DWARF proved to use excessive amounts of storage, and an incompatible successor, DWARF-2, superseded it and added various encoding schemes to reduce data size. DWARF did not immediately gain universal acceptance; for instance, when Sun Microsystems adopted ELF as part of their", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2694714", "score": "0.85474956", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Game of Thrones (season 4)", "text": "adds previously recurring actors Gwendoline Christie (Brienne of Tarth), Iwan Rheon (Ramsay Snow), Kristofer Hivju (Tormund Giantsbane) and Hannah Murray (Gilly) to the series' main cast. Iain Glen's credit is moved last in the rotation and given the \"With\" moniker. Prince Oberyn Martell, nicknamed \"The Red Viper\", is played by Chilean-American actor Pedro Pascal. \"This was a tough one\", said showrunners David Benioff and Dan Weiss about the casting. \"The Red Viper is sexy and charming, yet believably dangerous; intensely likable, yet driven by hate. The boys love him, the girls love him, and he loves them all back. Unless", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17142221", "score": "0.85173553", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "List of Game of Thrones characters", "text": "Tyrion Lannister (season 1–present) portrayed by Peter Dinklage. Nicknamed \"The Imp\" or \"Halfman\", Tyrion Lannister of House Lannister is the younger brother of Cersei and Jaime Lannister. He is a dwarf; and his mother died during his birth, for which his father, Tywin Lannister, blames him. While not physically powerful, Tyrion has a cunning mind and often uses to his advantage the fact that others constantly underestimate him. In Season Three, Tyrion is given the job of Master of Coin, a role that he is unprepared and inexperienced for. Tyrion is commanded by his father to marry Sansa Stark; however,", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Middle-earth dwarf characters", "text": "a Dwarf of Durin's Line, the younger son of King Náin II. He was born in the Ered Mithrin (Grey Mountains), as was his son Farin. After his brother King Dáin I was killed, Borin and his son moved to Erebor when it was refounded in 2590, and there he lived the rest of his life. He lived to see the births of his grandsons, and was the ancestor of both Balin of Thorin's Company and Gimli of the Fellowship of the Ring. Dís (born ) was a female Dwarf, daughter and youngest child of Thráin II. She and her", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13166115", "score": "0.85101134", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Home (Game of Thrones)", "text": "fear was that people were not going to care. Or it would just be, 'Fine, Jon Snow's dead.' But it seems like people had a, similar to the Red Wedding episode, kind of grief about it. Which means something I'm doing—or the show is doing—is right.\" Harington was simply referred to as \"LC\", for Lord Commander, in all scripts, call sheets, props or wardrobe materials, in order to maintain the secrecy involved with his eventual resurrection in the episode. It was also revealed that during production of the season, even verbal communication of the name 'Jon Snow' was disallowed, except", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19447625", "score": "0.8490534", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Lord Snow", "text": "glory of his past. Meanwhile, Daenerys learns she is pregnant. The episode was the first to feature Old Nan, played by Margaret John, who died before the series was broadcast; the episode is dedicated to her memory in the final credit. The title of the episode is the demeaning nickname given to Jon Snow by Ser Alliser Thorne, the sadistic trainer of Night's Watch recruits, referring to the fact that he's highborn, yet ended up at the Wall. Critical reception was generally positive, with critics praising Maisie Williams for her portrayal of Arya Stark, and her sword lesson scenes, as", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "10223990", "score": "0.84694445", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Dwarf (Dungeons & Dragons)", "text": "latter. Wild dwarves are short, primitive dwarves found in the deep jungles of Faerûn. Gray dwarves, or duergar, are mainly found in the Underdark, and have an aversion to light. Bruenor Battlehammer, a Shield Dwarf, is the king of Mithril Hall in the \"Forgotten Realms\" setting who reclaims his homeland from monsters including a shadow dragon named Shimmergloom that he kills single-handedly. In the \"World of Greyhawk\" setting, the group of humans known as Flan call dwarves \"dwur\". They are found throughout the Flanaess, and are particularly numerous in the Lortmils, Principality of Ulek, Glorioles, Iron Hills, Crystalmists, and Ratik.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "5938942", "score": "0.84618825", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Middle-earth dwarf characters", "text": "throughout the War of the Ring, fighting at the Hornburg, Pelargir, and Pelennor Fields. His friendship with Legolas and love for Galadriel earned him the title of \"Elf-friend\". He was played by John Rhys-Davies in Peter Jackson's film series \"The Lord of the Rings\". The royal family of the Longbeards included its kings; Thorin Oakenshield and many of his Company (namely Balin & Dwalin, Fíli & Kíli, Óin & Glóin, and Ori, Nori & Dori); and Gimli of the Fellowship of the Ring; all listed above. The following are miscellaneous members of the royal family. Borin ( − 2711) was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13166114", "score": "0.844049", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Dwarfs (Discworld)", "text": "to Blodwen as well. An Ankh-Morpork grag (dwarfish loremaster) who assisted Vimes during the course of \"Thud!\" He is unusually liberal for a grag, living above ground, not carrying an axe, and showing his face. Despite this, he is very knowledgeable about dwarfish law, being capable of advising the Low King and Vimes about the Summoning Dark and being fluent in both ancient Dwarfish and old Troll. Despite not wielding an axe he is more than capable of defending himself with what appears to be a dwarfish version of martial arts. The creator of Jewels, and a dwarf to be", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2739336", "score": "0.84332275", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Peter Dinklage", "text": "with the producers; as a dwarf, \"he wouldn't play elves or leprechauns\" and was choosy about genre roles. Benioff and Weiss told Dinklage that the character was \"a different kind of fantasy little person,\" or in the actor's words, \"No beard, no pointy shoes, a romantic, real human being.\" Dinklage signed on to play Tyrion before the meeting was half over, in part because, he said, \"They told me how popular he was.\" Martin said of Dinklage's casting, \"If he hadn't accepted the part, oh, boy, I don't know what we would have done.\" The series proved to be a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2476469", "score": "0.8417027", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Dwarf (Middle-earth)", "text": "Dwarf (Middle-earth) In the fantasy of J. R. R. Tolkien, the Dwarves are a race inhabiting Middle-earth, the central continent of Earth in an imagined mythological past. They are based on the dwarfs of Germanic myths: small humanoids that dwell in mountains, and are associated with mining, metallurgy, blacksmithing and jewellery. They appear in his books \"The Hobbit\" (1937), \"The Lord of the Rings\" (1954–55), the posthumously published \"The Silmarillion\" (1977), \"Unfinished Tales\" (1980), and \"The History of Middle-earth\" series (1983–96), the last three edited by his son and literary executor Christopher Tolkien. In \"The Book of Lost Tales\" the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "732571", "score": "0.84121805", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Dwarf (Middle-earth)", "text": "a group of colonists from the Lonely Mountain to the Glittering Caves, beneath Hornburg in Rohan, where he established another Dwarf kingdom and ruled there for more than a century. After the death of Aragorn in the year 120 of the Fourth Age, he sailed to the Undying Lands with Legolas. It is told that a few centuries into the Fourth Age, Durin VII – a descendant (some sources say the son) of Thorin III Stonehelm – at last led Durin's Folk back to recolonize Khazad-dûm, where they remained \"until the world grew old and the Dwarves failed and the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "732612", "score": "0.84099734", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Dwarf (Warhammer)", "text": "encompassed nearly the entirety of the World Edge Mountains, in addition to settlements in the Grey and Black Mountains and many smaller hill settlements in the lands of what would become the Empire. However, their pyrrhic victory in the War of Vengeance, combined with the vast destruction of the Time of Woes and the onslaught of the Goblin Wars, caused the loss of several holds along with hundreds of smaller settlements and mines. The Dwarf name for their homeland is the \"Karaz Ankor\" - the everlasting realm. There are currently nine holds where the Dwarfs still rule: There is also", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "4552765", "score": "0.8409892", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "The Winds of Winter (Game of Thrones)", "text": "I need to know who the dad is, then let Jon know quick.'\" The scene reveals neither Lyanna Stark's son's name nor his father's, with the transition between the newborn's face and Jon Snow's visually conveying the identity. HBO released an infographic shortly after the episode aired, confirming Ned Stark as Jon's guardian, and Lyanna Stark and Rhaegar Targaryen as his parents. In regards to Arya Stark's transformation following her time as a disciple of the Many-Faced God, Weiss noted in the \"Inside the Episode\" featurette, \"We all see where she's coming from, she's seen so many atrocities. It's a", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19559353", "score": "0.84028774", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Dwarf (Middle-earth)", "text": "of Middle-earth\" in 1996. In the last interview before his death, Tolkien, after discussing the nature of Elves, briefly says of his Dwarves: \"The dwarves of course are quite obviously, wouldn't you say that in many ways they remind you of the Jews? Their words are Semitic, obviously, constructed to be Semitic.\" The original editor of \"The Hobbit\" \"corrected\" Tolkien's plural \"dwarves\" to \"dwarfs\", as did the editor of the Puffin paperback edition of \"The Hobbit\". According to Tolkien, the \"real 'historical plural of \"dwarf\" is \"dwarrows\" or \"dwerrows\". He referred to \"dwarves\" as \"a piece of private bad grammar\".", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "732579", "score": "0.8394855", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Mhysa", "text": "and passing out from his wounds. The Night's Watch brothers take him in, where Sam and Pyp identify him so that he is cared for. At the Dreadfort, Ramsay Snow, the true identity of the mysterious boy, taunts Theon about his castration. When Theon begs Ramsay to kill him and end his suffering, Ramsay simply replies that he is more valuable alive, before giving him the nickname \"Reek\", and beating him until he acknowledges his new name. Lord Balon Greyjoy reads a letter sent from Ramsay Snow, crudely detailing his demands to have the Ironborn soldiers withdraw from the region", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17340518", "score": "0.8385024", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Dwarf (Middle-earth)", "text": "the true Dwarves. In Quenya they were called \"Pitya-naukor\". The Petty-dwarves of West Beleriand dwindled to a single family, and then, at last, became extinct. The Sindar, not acquainted with Dwarves yet, saw the Petty-dwarves as little more than bothersome animals, calling them \"(Levain) Tad-dail\" (\"two-legged (animals)\"), and hunted them. Not until the Dwarves of the Ered Luin established contact with the Sindar did they realize what the Petty-dwarves were. Afterwards they were mostly left alone, but not before the Petty-dwarves came to hate all Elves with a passion. Petty-dwarves differed from normal Dwarves in various ways: they were smaller,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "732597", "score": "0.83748865", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Battle of the Bastards", "text": "way across the Narrow Sea and get to Westeros, who's going to stand in her way?\" \"Battle of the Bastards\" was the final episode for actor Iwan Rheon, who had played Ramsay Bolton since \"Game of Thrones\" third season. His first appearance was in \"Dark Wings, Dark Words\", as a then-unnamed \"boy\" who helps a captured Theon Greyjoy. Before he was cast as Ramsay, Rheon auditioned for the role of Jon Snow. In an interview, he described learning about his character's fate: \"I had received half the scripts, five episodes, then I got the call. They joked, 'Isn't it great", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19559306", "score": "0.836533", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Dwarf (Middle-earth)", "text": "Glaurung, the first dragon. The Dwarves of Nogrod fought against Melkor as well. However, they slew Thingol out of greed and stole the Silmaril they had been charged to set into the necklace called Nauglamír. A number of retaliatory actions ensued, and the Nogrod army was destroyed by a force of Laiquendi and Ents. Both dwarf kingdoms would eventually be destroyed, along with nearly all of Beleriand, after the War of Wrath, with the dwarvish refugees mainly resettling in Khazad-dûm. After the end of the First Age the power and wealth of Khazad-dûm was much increased; for it was enriched", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "732604", "score": "0.8358185", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Dwarfs (Discworld)", "text": "as humans of the region (Rhys, Bjorn, Gloria), mono- or duo-syllables reminiscent (to a greater or lesser extent) of Tolkien's dwarf names (Glod, Gimlet, Timkin, Hwel), or emotional descriptors (which, like the surnames, are translated) (Cheery, Nosy, Dozy). (The last is based on the dwarf names in Walt Disney's \"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs\"). While dwarfs are noted for gossip, they can also be taciturn even amongst themselves. \"Minesign\" is how they convey their feelings to other dwarfs. Like real-world hobo code, minesigns can be scratched or drawn on any available surface, and generally refer to the different kinds", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "2739322", "score": "0.83545715", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Dwarf (Middle-earth)", "text": "with the Elves, most notably the Noldor and Sindar. By the Third Age, however, the Dwarves were estranged from the Elves and no longer routinely learned their language. Instead, they both used the Westron or Common Speech, which was a Mannish tongue. In the Grey-elvish or Sindarin the Dwarves were called \"Naugrim\" (\"Stunted People\"), \"Gonnhirrim\" (\"Stone-lords\"), and \"Dornhoth\" (\"Thrawn Folk\"), and also \"Hadhodrim\". In Quenya they were the \"Casári\". The Dwarves called themselves \"Khazâd\" in their own language, Khuzdul. Tolkien took the names of twelve of the thirteen dwarves he used in \"The Hobbit\" (and Gandalf's name as well) from", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "732594", "score": "0.8351948", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "Jon Snow (character)", "text": "Ramsay to his own hounds. In the season finale episode \"The Winds of Winter\", Bran Stark has a vision of the past which shows Ned reuniting with a dying Lyanna in the Tower of Joy. She makes him swear to protect her son—Jon. Meanwhile, the Northern lords name Jon the King in the North. Attempting to bolster the North's defenses in \"Dragonstone\", Jon is frustrated when his authority is undermined by Sansa, who does not want him to repeat the mistakes that got their father Ned and brother Robb killed. Jon dismisses a message from Cersei Lannister that he swear", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "3735797", "score": "0.8334304", "original_retrieval_index": 28 }, { "title": "Middle-earth dwarf characters", "text": "the Ring. Two Dwarves attended the Council of Elrond, and were present at the founding of the Fellowship of the Ring. They were Glóin, son of Gróin, and his son Gimli. Of those, only Gimli became a member of the Fellowship. The Firebeards and the Broadbeams awoke in Mount Dolmed in the Blue Mountains, and lived there throughout the history of their people. They eventually founded either the cities of Nogrod, Belegost, or both, in the Blue Mountains. The ancient cities of Nogrod and Belegost were ruined in the breaking of Thangorodrim at the end of the First Age. Many", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "13166092", "score": "0.830816", "original_retrieval_index": 29 } ]

[ "James \"Jamie\" Dornan" ]

[ { "title": "Fifty Shades of Grey (film)", "text": "Fifty Shades of Grey (film) Fifty Shades of Grey is a 2015 American erotic romantic drama film directed by Sam Taylor-Johnson, with a screenplay by Kelly Marcel. The film is based on E. L. James’ 2011 novel of the same name and stars Dakota Johnson as Anastasia Steele, a college graduate who begins a sadomasochistic relationship with young business magnate Christian Grey, played by Jamie Dornan. The film premiered at the 65th Berlin International Film Festival on February 11, 2015 and was released on February 13, 2015, by Universal Pictures and Focus Features. Despite receiving generally negative reviews, it was", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17485795", "score": "1.2793052", "original_retrieval_index": 0 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades (film series)", "text": "replacement for Christian Grey. In October 2013, Jennifer Ehle was cast as Carla Wilks. On October 31, 2013, Victor Rasuk was cast as José Rodriguez, Jr. On November 22, 2013, Eloise Mumford was cast as Kate Kavanagh. On December 2, 2013, singer Rita Ora was cast as Christian's younger sister Mia. On December 3, 2013, Marcia Gay Harden was cast as Christian's mother, Grace. On January 28, 2016, Kim Basinger joined the film to play the role of Elena Lincoln in the sequels, Grey's business partner and former lover, while Luke Grimes, Eloise Mumford and Max Martini would be returning", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19323014", "score": "1.2656059", "original_retrieval_index": 1 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades of Grey (film)", "text": "James' first choice for the role of Christian Grey, but James felt that casting Pattinson and his \"Twilight\" co-star Kristen Stewart in the film would be \"weird\". Ian Somerhalder and Chace Crawford both expressed interest in the role of Christian. Somerhalder later admitted if he had been considered, the filming process would ultimately have conflicted with his shooting schedule for The CW's series \"The Vampire Diaries\". On September 2, 2013, James revealed that Charlie Hunnam and Dakota Johnson had been cast as Christian Grey and Anastasia Steele, respectively. The short list of other actresses considered for the role of Anastasia", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17485804", "score": "1.2472849", "original_retrieval_index": 2 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades of Grey (film)", "text": "On October 31, 2013, Victor Rasuk was cast as José Rodriguez, Jr. On November 22, 2013, Eloise Mumford was cast as Kate Kavanagh. On December 2, 2013, singer Rita Ora was cast as Christian's younger sister Mia. Ora originally wanted to work on the soundtrack. On December 3, 2013, Marcia Gay Harden was cast as Christian's mother, Grace. In September, filming was scheduled to start on November 5, 2013, in Vancouver, British Columbia. The following month, producer Michael De Luca announced filming would begin on November 13, 2013. Principal photography was again delayed and eventually started on December 1, 2013.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17485809", "score": "1.2469738", "original_retrieval_index": 3 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades of Grey (film)", "text": "to lampoon.\" Fifty Shades of Grey (film) Fifty Shades of Grey is a 2015 American erotic romantic drama film directed by Sam Taylor-Johnson, with a screenplay by Kelly Marcel. The film is based on E. L. James’ 2011 novel of the same name and stars Dakota Johnson as Anastasia Steele, a college graduate who begins a sadomasochistic relationship with young business magnate Christian Grey, played by Jamie Dornan. The film premiered at the 65th Berlin International Film Festival on February 11, 2015 and was released on February 13, 2015, by Universal Pictures and Focus Features. Despite receiving generally negative reviews,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17485846", "score": "1.2419829", "original_retrieval_index": 4 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades of Grey (film)", "text": "he would not have wanted to play the role of Grey because \"I actually didn't find him to be that interesting ... nothing about Christian Grey really spoke to me.\" Hunnam initially turned down the role of Christian but later reconsidered it, following a meeting with studio heads. Hunnam said of the audition process: \"I felt really intrigued and excited about it so I went and read the first book to get a clearer idea of who this character was, and I felt even more excited at the prospect of bringing him to life. We [Taylor-Johnson and I] kind of", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17485806", "score": "1.215301", "original_retrieval_index": 5 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades Darker (film)", "text": "Fifty Shades Darker (film) Fifty Shades Darker is a 2017 American erotic romantic drama film directed by James Foley and written by Niall Leonard, based on E. L. James's 2012 novel of the same name. The second film in the \"Fifty Shades\" film series and the sequel to the 2015 film \"Fifty Shades of Grey\", it stars Dakota Johnson and Jamie Dornan as Anastasia Steele and Christian Grey, respectively, with Eric Johnson, Eloise Mumford, Bella Heathcote, Rita Ora, Luke Grimes, Victor Rasuk, Kim Basinger, and Marcia Gay Harden in supporting roles. Principal photography on \"Fifty Shades Darker\" and its sequel", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18587244", "score": "1.181942", "original_retrieval_index": 6 }, { "title": "Luke Grimes", "text": "show's sixth season. Grimes played United States Navy SEAL Marc Lee, who was killed in action in 2006, in \"American Sniper\" (2014). He played Christian Grey's brother, Elliot, in the film \"Fifty Shades of Grey\" (2015), and its sequels, \"Fifty Shades Darker\" (2017) and \"Fifty Shades Freed\" (2018). Grimes played Todd Belkin in \"Freeheld\" opposite Julianne Moore, Steve Carell, Ellen Page and Michael Shannon. Peter Sollett directed this independent feature film, which is based on a true story. Luke Grimes Luke Timothy Grimes (born January 21, 1984) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles in the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "12906991", "score": "1.1677344", "original_retrieval_index": 7 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades of Grey (film)", "text": "it is most likely due to something on that list. Keep that in mind while hating and keep perspective.\" During October 2013, actress Jennifer Ehle was in talks for the role of Anastasia's mother Carla. On October 12, 2013, Universal Pictures announced that Hunnam had exited the film due to conflicts with the schedule of his FX series \"Sons of Anarchy\". Alexander Skarsgård, Jamie Dornan, Theo James, François Arnaud, Scott Eastwood, Luke Bracey, and Billy Magnussen were at the top of the list to replace Hunnam as Christian Grey. Finally, on October 23, 2013, Dornan was cast as Christian Grey.", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17485808", "score": "1.1670271", "original_retrieval_index": 8 }, { "title": "Jamie Dornan", "text": "James \"Jamie\" Dornan (born 1 May 1982) is an Irish actor, model, and musician. He played Axel von Fersen in Sofia Coppola's Marie Antoinette (2006), Sheriff Graham Humbert in the ABC series Once Upon a Time (2011–2013), serial killer Paul Spector in the BBC Two and RTÉ One crime drama series The Fall (2013–2016), and Christian Grey in the Fifty Shades franchise (2015–present).", "hasanswer": true, "isgold": true, "id": null, "score": null, "original_retrieval_index": null }, { "title": "Fifty Shades (novel series)", "text": "the rights to the trilogy in March 2012. Universal is also the film's distributor. Charlie Hunnam was originally cast in the role of Christian Grey alongside Dakota Johnson in the role of Anastasia Steele, but Hunnam gave up the part in October 2013, with Jamie Dornan announced for the role on 23 October. The film was released on 13 February 2015, and became an immediate success, making it to #1 at the box office with $558.5 million. However, critical reactions were generally negative. After the first film premiered at a special fan screening in New York City on 6 February", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17422637", "score": "1.1615925", "original_retrieval_index": 9 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades of Grey (film)", "text": "included Alicia Vikander, Imogen Poots, Elizabeth Olsen, Shailene Woodley, and Felicity Jones. Keeley Hazell auditioned for an unspecified role. Lucy Hale also auditioned for the film. Emilia Clarke was also offered the role of Anastasia but turned down the part because of the nudity required. Taylor-Johnson would give every actress who auditioned for the role of Anastasia four pages to read of a monologue from Ingmar Bergman's \"Persona\". The studio originally wanted Ryan Gosling for Christian, but he was not interested in the role. Garrett Hedlund was also considered, but he could not connect with the character. Stephen Amell said", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17485805", "score": "1.1567379", "original_retrieval_index": 10 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades (film series)", "text": "Fifty Shades (film series) Fifty Shades is an American film series that consists of three erotic romantic drama films, based on the \"Fifty Shades\" trilogy by English author E. L. James. It is distributed by Universal Studios and stars Dakota Johnson and Jamie Dornan as the lead roles Anastasia Steele and Christian Grey, respectively. Sam Taylor-Johnson directed the first film and initially she was slated to be the director of the sequels as well, however subsequently the second and third films were directed by James Foley. The first film, \"Fifty Shades of Grey\", was released on February 13, 2015, while", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19323009", "score": "1.1543792", "original_retrieval_index": 11 }, { "title": "Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian", "text": "Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey As Told by Christian, also referred to as Grey, is a 2015 erotic romance by British author E. L. James. It is the fourth installment in the \"Fifty Shades\" series, which had its start as fanfiction. The novel was released on 18 June 2015 to coincide with the birth date of the character Christian Grey. The work's first printing run consisted of 1.25 million copies. Christian Grey, a successful and rich 27-year-old businessman, meets 21-year-old university student Anastasia \"Ana\" Steele when she interviews him on behalf", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18817962", "score": "1.1417902", "original_retrieval_index": 12 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades of Grey (film)", "text": "a laptop. After Ana and Kate move to Seattle, Ana continues seeing Christian. During dinner at Christian's parents, Ana suddenly mentions she is leaving the next day to visit her mother in Georgia. Later, Christian becomes frustrated when Ana says that she wants more than the one-sided relationship he proposes. She is shocked when Christian unexpectedly arrives in Georgia; they have sex again but he leaves soon afterward, to tend to an emergency in Seattle. After returning home, Ana continues seeing Christian, who wants further sexual experimentation. Ana initially consents, but Christian keeps emotionally distant, upsetting her. While still considering", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17485800", "score": "1.1324315", "original_retrieval_index": 13 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades Darker", "text": "new project, and it was announced that Kim Basinger would play Elena Lincoln. Fifty Shades Darker Fifty Shades Darker is a 2012 erotic romance novel by British author E. L. James. It is the second installment in the \"Fifty Shades\" trilogy that traces the deepening relationship between a college graduate, Anastasia Steele, and a young business magnate, Christian Grey. The first and third volumes, \"Fifty Shades of Grey\" and \"Fifty Shades Freed\", were published in 2011 and 2012, respectively. The novel is published by Vintage Books and reached No. 1 on the \"USA Today\" best seller list. Three days after", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18134025", "score": "1.1257795", "original_retrieval_index": 14 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades of Grey", "text": "Ana leaves with Christian, but not before she discovers that Kate has been flirting with Christian's brother, Elliot. Later, Ana wakes to find herself in Christian's hotel room, where he scolds her for not taking proper care of herself. Christian then reveals that he would like to have sex with her. He initially says that Ana will first have to fill in paperwork, but later goes back on this statement after making out with her in the elevator. Ana goes on a date with Christian, on which he takes her in his helicopter, \"Charlie Tango\", to his apartment. Once there,", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16382185", "score": "1.120878", "original_retrieval_index": 15 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades (film series)", "text": "James' husband, Niall Leonard, would write the script for the sequel. Leonard also went on to write the script for the third film. The casting for the lead roles was considered controversial. Many contenders considered for the film included Ryan Gosling, Garrett Hedlund, Theo James, Alexander Skarsgård, François Arnaud, Charlie Hunnam, Scott Eastwood, Luke Bracey, and Billy Magnussen as Christian Grey. Alicia Vikander, Imogen Poots, Elizabeth Olsen, Shailene Woodley, and Felicity Jones were all considered for the role of Anastasia Steele. On September 2, 2013, Dakota Johnson and Charlie Hunnam were cast as Anastasia Steele and Christian Grey respectively. As", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "19323012", "score": "1.120368", "original_retrieval_index": 16 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades Freed (film)", "text": "Fifty Shades Freed (film) Fifty Shades Freed is a 2018 American erotic romantic drama film directed by James Foley and written by Niall Leonard, and based on E. L. James's 2012 novel of the same name. It is the third and final installment in the \"Fifty Shades\" film series, following \"Fifty Shades of Grey\" (2015) and \"Fifty Shades Darker\" (2017). The film stars Dakota Johnson and Jamie Dornan as Anastasia Steele and Christian Grey, respectively, and follows the couple as they marry, and must deal with Ana's former boss (Eric Johnson), who begins to stalk them. Principal photography on \"Fifty", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18580006", "score": "1.1077952", "original_retrieval_index": 17 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades of Grey (film)", "text": "Darker\" and \"Fifty Shades Freed\", released in 2017 and 2018 respectively. 21-year-old Anastasia \"Ana\" Steele is an English literature major at Washington State University’s satellite campus near Vancouver, Washington. When her roommate, Kate Kavanagh, becomes ill and is unable to interview Christian Grey, a 27-year-old billionaire entrepreneur, for the college newspaper, Ana agrees to go in her place. At Christian's Seattle headquarters called Grey House, Ana stumbles her way through the meeting. Christian, who is that year's WSU commencement speaker, takes an interest in her; soon after, he visits the hardware store where Ana works. He agrees to Ana's request", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17485797", "score": "1.1048632", "original_retrieval_index": 18 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades of Grey (film)", "text": "of the film, \"Fifty Shades of Black\", was released on January 29, 2016, in North America. Marlon Wayans and Rick Alvarez wrote the script, in which Wayans stars as Christian Black. The film was distributed by SquareOne Entertainment in Germany and Open Road Films in the United States; IM Global produce and finance it, as well as handling international releases. Kali Hawk parodied the role of Anastasia Steele, with supporting cast including Affion Crockett, Mike Epps, Jane Seymour, and Fred Willard. It was released theatrically on January 29, 2016 and described as less funny \"than the unintentionally-funny film it's trying", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17485845", "score": "1.1020845", "original_retrieval_index": 19 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades of Grey (film)", "text": "Christian experience flashbacks. Christian jogs in the rain, while Ana sobs in her apartment. Christian encounters a gift Ana gave him with the note: \"This reminded me of a happy time. —Ana\". James said that the would be released on February 10, 2015. The first single, \"Earned It\", by The Weeknd, was released on December 24, 2014. On January 7, 2015, the second single, \"Love Me like You Do\" by Ellie Goulding was released, later reaching the top three on the Billboard Hot 100, and becoming a hit for the soundtrack. A promotional single, \"Salted Wound\" by Australian recording artist", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17485811", "score": "1.0967202", "original_retrieval_index": 20 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades Darker (film)", "text": "ended the relationship. Leila married a man who later died, causing Leila to have a mental breakdown. She has been stalking Ana and Christian ever since. Prior to the Grey family's annual charity ball, Christian takes Ana to Esclava, a beauty salon owned by Elena Lincoln. Elena, a family friend, is also Christian's former dominant who introduced him to the BDSM lifestyle by seducing him when he was younger. Ana is furious that Christian took her there and that Elena and Christian are business partners. At the ball, Christian's sister Mia mentions that her brother was expelled from four different", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18587248", "score": "1.0950817", "original_retrieval_index": 21 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades Darker", "text": "Fifty Shades Darker Fifty Shades Darker is a 2012 erotic romance novel by British author E. L. James. It is the second installment in the \"Fifty Shades\" trilogy that traces the deepening relationship between a college graduate, Anastasia Steele, and a young business magnate, Christian Grey. The first and third volumes, \"Fifty Shades of Grey\" and \"Fifty Shades Freed\", were published in 2011 and 2012, respectively. The novel is published by Vintage Books and reached No. 1 on the \"USA Today\" best seller list. Three days after leaving Christian, Anastasia \"Ana\" Steele begins her job as personal assistant to Jack", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18134014", "score": "1.0883414", "original_retrieval_index": 22 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades of Grey", "text": "Christian's point of view, was published in June 2015. Anastasia \"Ana\" Steele is a 21-year-old college senior attending Washington State University in Vancouver, Washington. Her best friend is Katherine \"Kate\" Kavanagh, who writes for the college newspaper. Due to an illness, Kate is unable to interview 27-year-old Christian Grey, a successful and wealthy Seattle entrepreneur, and asks Ana to take her place. Ana finds Christian attractive as well as intimidating. As a result, she stumbles through the interview and leaves Christian's office believing it went poorly. Ana does not expect to meet Christian again, but he appears at the hardware", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16382182", "score": "1.0850496", "original_retrieval_index": 23 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades of Black", "text": "Fifty Shades of Black Fifty Shades of Black is a 2016 American comedy film directed by Michael Tiddes and starring Marlon Wayans, who also co-wrote and co-produced the film. The film is a parody of the 2015 erotic romantic drama film \"Fifty Shades of Grey\", and was released theatrically on January 29, 2016. It grossed $22 million at the worldwide box office on a $5 million budget. It was also Florence Henderson's last film before her death on November 24, 2016, which was 10 months after the film was released. Christian Black introduces shy college student Hannah Steale to the", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "18887340", "score": "1.0844599", "original_retrieval_index": 24 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades of Grey (film)", "text": "In \"The Guardian\", Jordan Hoffmann awarded the film three out of five stars, writing, \"this big screen adaptation still manages to be about people, and even a little bit sweet\", and that the sex scenes \"are there to advance the plot, and only the most buttoned-up prude will be scandalised.\" Lisa Schwarzbaum of \"Entertainment Weekly\" gave the film a B−, writing: \"This perfectly normal way of consuming erotica suggests that the movie \"Fifty Shades of Grey\" will work better as home entertainment, when each viewer can race past the blah-blah about how well Christian plays the piano and pause on", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17485839", "score": "1.0807915", "original_retrieval_index": 25 }, { "title": "Darker: Fifty Shades Darker as Told by Christian", "text": "Darker: Fifty Shades Darker as Told by Christian Darker: Fifty Shades Darker As Told by Christian, also referred to as Darker, is a 2017 erotic romance by British author, E. L. James. It is the fifth installment in the \"Fifty Shades\" novel series. The books were originally told by Anastasia Steele, the main protagonist, whereas \"Darker: Fifty Shades Darker as Told by Christian\" is told from the male character's point of view of the events of the second installment, \"Fifty Shades Darker\". The novel was released on 28 November 2017. After breaking up in \"Fifty Shades of Grey\", billionaire Christian", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "20403195", "score": "1.079556", "original_retrieval_index": 26 }, { "title": "Fifty Shades", "text": "Fifty Shades Fifty Shades is an adult erotic BDSM romance franchise created by E. L. James; originating as a fanfic about the young-adult genre \"Twilight\" teen romance novel series by Stephenie Meyer. It has produced a novel series, with an original novel trilogy and two follow-up novels, as well as a film trilogy. Anastasia Steele, a young college graduate meets Christian Grey, a young business mogul, and becomes his submissive partner. The series explores the development of their relationship. The \"Fifty Shades\" novel trilogy (Fifty Shades of Grey, Fifty Shades Darker, Fifty Shades Freed) was originally written as a fan", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "17007141", "score": "1.0780152", "original_retrieval_index": 27 }, { "title": "E. L. James", "text": "list of the highest-earning authors with earnings of $95m which included $5m for the film rights to \"Fifty Shades of Grey\". On 1 June 2015 James announced the upcoming release of \"Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian\", which was released into stores on 18 June 2015. \"Darker: Fifty Shades Darker as Told by Christian\" was released November 28, 2017. James was one of the British celebrities, including Tom Hiddleston, Benedict Cumberbatch and Rachel Riley, to design and sign her own card for the UK children's charity Thomas Coram Foundation for Children. The campaign was launched by crafting", "hasanswer": false, "isgold": false, "id": "16416055", "score": "1.0732567", "original_retrieval_index": 28 } ]