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c724ym | Video-Game streaming, how does it work in general? | Normally a computer or console will calculate the game world and generate images of it many times a second which forms the video which is viewed by the player. This is extremely demanding in terms of processing power.
With streaming a game a computer far away does the calculations to form the video of the game world and that video is simply immediately sent to the player over the internet. The player then is controlling the game remotely, and the processing demand on the device the player has is much lower. | a48236ca-332f-4600-87d8-bf620a15f05f |
c72amg | Does a layer of dust on the leaves of a plant effect it's ability to photosynthesize at all? | Yes, as dust on a window reduces the amount of light coming through the dust on the leaves reduces the light reaching the cells. Too much dust and the plant can't survive. | 02d00ff8-6d54-4256-8e23-027060240cd8 |
c72fai | - why does a glass of water taste so different after sitting out for a day or so? | Yay! A question I can answer. (I went to school for Water and Wastewater Systems Operations).
It has already been said, but at the treatment plants various chemicals are added to your water to ensure that it stays free of harmful bacteria. It’s mainly Chlorine, Fluorine and small amounts of THMs that’s added.
Typically what you’re tasting is Chlorine. As it sits out for a while the Chlorine gasses off and essentially dechlorinates itself, and the CO2 in the air dissolves into the water. This typically also lowers the pH of the water (I think). In a past lab I tested out an old bottle of water (4 days old?) and the pH was alarmingly low...
While it should be relatively harmless to drink, I still wouldn’t quite recommend it, as Chlorine is in the water for a reason. To remove harmful microorganisms.
I know some people who prefer the dechlorinated taste of water. If that’s what you prefer, then I believe Britta filters remove Chlorine. Also some people pour water in a jug and place it in the fridge to evaporate off overnight.
Sorry this is long, I get excited talking about water. Hahah. | f6c3ec46-8d3a-4984-b41d-dc43a98fa4d2 |
c72gc1 | Why do our ears ring after listening to loud music? | I used to be an audio engineer and I DJed for many years, really loud and bass heavy drum and bass / dubstep, electronic music and there were nights that I was sure I was never going to get my hearing back because the ringing wet on for like 3 days. But It eventually went away. It happened to me more times than I care to admit because being an audio engineer at the time I knew better than to not wear hearing protection but I was young and stupid. But don’t worry bro, the ringing will subside in a couple days. | 935d62e9-1c38-4790-b8d1-009456680932 |
c72hmt | Magical Thinking | There was an old 'South Park' episode about the Underpants Gnomes, who sneak into people's homes and steal their underpants. The kids confront the Gnomes and ask why they are doing this. The Gnomes have prepared a business plan, [complete with a chart.](_URL_0_) It reads:
1. Collect Underpants
2. ?
3. Profit
& #x200B;
This plan is logically absurd, because there is no relationship between collecting underpants and profit. Even the Gnomes are unable to articulate their plan for generating underpants-related revenue. They literally put a question mark on their chart.
'Magical thinking' is when there is no rational relationship between cause and effect. The person assumes a fortunate outcome without reason, or they assume that something they do will manifest an unrealistic result.
So for example: "Whenever I wear my lucky baseball hat, my team wins the game." We all know perfectly well that the hat does not actually have anything to do with the outcome of the game, but people still show up and think that their superstition can influence the outcome. Pretty much every superstition (black cats, spilling salt, stepping on cracks) is 'magical thinking' because there is no rational relationship between cause and effect.
These kinds of examples are pretty easy to understand, but there are other examples that are a bit harder to discern.
Imagine you are working in a widget factory. You produce 4000 widgets a month. An accountant says, "We can stay in the black if we just produce 5000 widgets this month." Well, that's great, but we only make 4000 per month. The boss shrugs and says, "We'll figure something out." This might be an example of magical thinking. Does the boss have a concrete plan to achieve the new target? Or is he just hoping things will somehow work out?
Another example: Bob is the factory's best widget-maker. Your boss decides to promote him to factory manager. However, Bob will have to learn on the job and they cannot afford to provide any mentorship or leadership training. Your boss says, "Bob is a great widget-maker, so I'm sure he will be a great factory manager." This may not be a valid assumption. The factory manager job may have nothing in common with widget-making, and Bob may fail as a manager despite being an excellent widget-maker. This is so common that it even has a name: "The Peter Principle."
(See also: Frank Grimes, Michael Scott) | 8eeebf2d-8d6c-4b9a-92f5-7f356d2d63d5 |
c72i4o | How is your body registering and regulating the temperature of your organs? | Negative feedback system. Temperature sensitive receptors detect a change normal temperature and mitochondria begin to produce energy to raise the temperature or vasodilation of capillaries to lower the temperature | 880da622-47eb-4e46-8635-8c677b15c1fd |
c72mw4 | Why are human eyes so bad with sunlight that we need sunglasses to operate normally? Bright sunlight doesn't seem like a new phenomenon for humans to deal with. | Your eyes adapt to the light around you. 10,000 years ago people spent most of their day walking in the sun, so their eyes had plenty of time to adapt.
Now we spend lots of time indoors where it's darker. Your eyes need time to adapt again to the outdoors, and given that we go inside and outside quite frequently, sunglasses make it much easier. | 889e2d8a-f751-4bfd-9e8d-d1817e7a9575 |
c72s7k | explain the "Mpemba effect" which claims warm water freezes faster than cold water. | The Mpemba effect breaks some laws of thermodynamics and is widely regarded as a result that exposes of a flawed interpretation of a badly designed experiment.
In particular the effect cannot be seen by observing hot and cold water return to room temperature by passive cooling. The effect has only been demonstrated in systems with active cooling, in which case the likely explanation is that the amount of energy the cooling engine does is being ignored and neglected. | 2512e52c-5bde-4355-88f1-b882feeb6bbe |
c72tgi | How do you create a country? | Have land.
Have people living on said land.
Have public declaration of sovereignty of said people on said land.
Have the ability to defend that declaration of sovereignty from those that object.
Have that declaration of sovereignty recognized by other nations.
In the end that last one is most important. You can have everything it takes to be a country but you're not one until other countries recognize that you are.
There are many organizations/groups/cults in the US that have walled off their land declaring sovereignty from the US but the only thing that proves your sovereignty is recognition by foreign powers, even then it has to be the correct foreign powers, cant just be anyone.
For example Israel considers themselves to be a sovereign nation. Much of the middle east refuses to accept their existence. Israel is a sovereign nation because most of the leading powers on the planet agree that they are.
Another example is kurdistan. A region in northern Iraq and eastern Syria. They govern themselves and considers themselves a sovereign nation. But they are unable to free themselves from the grips of Iraq and Syria and are not recognized globally as a sovereign nation, so they are not. | 591aacf4-ca3f-4374-bfa6-e7bf500d55b4 |
c72w8m | Why is it that the layers of the earth get hotter as it goes deeper, the core being the hottest, if the surface is actually closest to the sun? Where does the core get its heat from? | Shorter version: The core was already hot, and is slowly cooling down. Back in the "early days" of science, the earth's age was estimated using the baked potato technique. It likens the earth to a massive ball that just came out of the oven, and the surface cools down while the inside stays hot. There are other factors that heat the core, such as radioactive stuff in the earth's core that slowly generates heat. Ultimately, the earth *is* cooling down, though. | 4cb6f3b0-17a3-4cb4-a267-92cdc0a28337 |
c72x08 | why do some electronic screens look wavy when they’re being taken on a phone/digital camera? | because most electronic screens have a refresh rate. the led's or lcd's or whatever are not continuously outputting the image. they are being refreshed 60 times a second in most cases. and your camera can pick up on that. if you change the shutter speed on your camera, you can make the effect more pronounced or make it go away. but most cheap/cell phone cameras shoot at a slower shutter speed where the effects are more apparent. | 2d52050e-2ca4-431e-88c3-c78a24cbfbc1 |
c72xkh | Why is the Mona Lisa so famous? | Scandal! News!
It wasn’t a particularly interesting piece of art for most of its life. It was a da Vinci, so it was famous for its artist, but the piece itself wasn’t special.
That is, until it was stolen in 1911. It was stolen from the Louvre and the theft became an instant media sensation that would make a Kardashian sex tape like impact. Everyone knew the painting now! It was recovered two years later and by then had achieved massive fame.
Tl;dr: it became famous because it was stolen and the news made a big story out of it. | ccaabd50-6614-4579-bcb8-f2f8d2e985aa |
c73h9o | It's always suggested that you should cool a Sunburn. Wouldn't that hinder the healing as bloodflow is restricted? | The cooling is for your comfort, it will heal just fine either way. The inflammation isn't really that helpful for a sunburn but it might aid in things like infection. Your body doesn't really know what happened though, it just evolved certain responses and inflammation with a sunburn doesn't hurt your odds of reproduction. | 5fc3a3a9-b525-4d1a-b6cf-953ad1f0e6a5 |
c749wq | Why does the stomach hurt when eating something bad? | Basically it is hard to digest but for slightly different reasons depending on definition of bad.
If you mean bad as in spoiled, there is probably some sort of mold or bacteria growing in or on the food which is harder for the stomach to break down and it throws off the regular flow of your metabolism.
If you mean bad as in junk food, it is just filled with preservatives, dyes, and chemicals that are not naturally occurring or in such high quantities that the stomach cannot handle as effortlessly.
Kind of related side note: idk if this is true but digestion is apparently an extremely painful process but the brain ignores it since we need to digest food to survive so maybe the blocking of the pain isn’t working as well?? No idea if that’s actually true, would love more input | 2ffe4eff-415d-4e9f-a28f-423d5a515f10 |
c74h3a | Why do you weigh less in the morning than you do at night? | Your lungs breathe out carbon dioxide and water vapor constantly. While you are sleeping, you are not eating or drinking, so you lose weight of carbon and water. You lose even more weight if you have to get up to pee in the night. | b53e43ba-9f2f-4b31-bdd9-acab0a62da98 |
c74n5p | Why does the pitch of your voice sometimes gets lowered when you're having a cold? | It is caused by the inflammation of your vocal cords. The thicker the vocal cord, the slower it vibrates. The slower it vibrates, the lower the pitch of your voice. | 646ee7ff-a8be-465f-82c9-d887f1b7f680 |
c74nzv | Why are 9/11 first responders getting cancer so reliably? | Many things used in construction can be toxic to humans but have very limited contact with humans. For example, old insulation with asbestos is between walls and only comes in contact with the person installing or removing it.
When 9/11 happened, the buildings were burning to convert these solid materials into toxic fumes. Furthermore, the collapse of the buildings pulverized these toxic materials into breathable powder. This made these toxic materials contact the people at the site for long periods of time. The first-responders had high exposures of these toxic materials known to cause cancer. | 0f714123-20de-42f0-9424-18ac4ff795de |
c74rwh | Why is caffeine found in so many plants while other compounds like nicotine/cocaine/THC only come from a single source? | Many plants fall under the Cannabaceae family and contain THC, much like many plants fall under the Nicotiana tabacum and contain Nicotine. You're probably used to just hearing the more popularized plants: Weed and Tobacco, which are very specific labels that can classify a broad spectrum of plants. The chemicals these plants produce will automatically label them under a broad term instead of a specific plant because we as humans tend to simplify things to create a wider understanding under a generalization of categories. If you look at just the chemicals, they have some variety (or brother and sister plants) that produce it. Sometimes chemicals can be found in both plants and animals, such as the chemical N,N-Dimethyltryptamine. | 975a8ab5-86e6-4078-abc7-44476d5f5291 |
c74tpl | How are companies able to manufacture each pixel on a screen, given how tiny they are and make them work the way they want?? | They don't manufacture each pixel individually and then combine them to make a screen. They essentially "print" the pixels directly onto the screen in a process called [photolithography](_URL_0_), which is the same process that is used to make CPUs.
In a nutshell, it involves applying a layer of a UV-sensitive coating onto the base material that makes up screen (or the CPU in the case of making a processor). An image of the electronics that make up the pixels is projected onto the coating with UV light, which causes the coating to harden in the places where the light hits is. The non-hardened coating is washed off, and then other chemicals are used to etch the base material where it's *not* protected by the hardened, UV-sensitve coating. Then the UV-sensitive coating is dissolved with a different chemical, and you're left with millions of microscopic, etched electronic components.
That process is then repeated on the material to create all the needed layers of electronics. | bab934a5-efc5-4e21-88d0-59c2c76d6454 |
c74u5k | Why do some US electrical plugs have a "ground" and many do not? | Positive and negative doesn't really apply here, because they switch back and forth 60 times per second. You have hot and neutral. Hot is connected to one of the phases, neutral is the same potential as ground, but only connected to ground in the main breaker box. stuff that uses a lot of power will often have two hot wires with 240v between them, and the neutral wire is halfway in between. If you have an appliance with a metal case, you connect the ground wire to the case, so that in the event of a failure somewhere, the outside of the device shorts that back to ground and trips the breaker, instead of sitting there at mains voltage waiting for someone to touch it.
Two prong plugs are used for double insulated appliances, usually items with plastic shells that won't conduct electricity if there's a failure, but it can also apply to metal items so long as a single fault won't cause an electrocution hazard. | ed8d926e-7117-4700-94d0-816b38536e5b |
c74ulh | How does lightning work? | Ya know how you shuffle your socks across the carpet and then touch the tip of sister's nose and ZAP? Well the clouds are your socks and the ground is the carpet. | 5b0bf512-078f-4e12-8531-6ce70ca499c1 |
c74wly | Why don’t babies cry tears? | Because when babies are born, their tear ducts haven’t full formed yet. It can take from 2 weeks to 2 months before they become functional. | 181c5f27-f3e2-4b78-9f62-2d6b155d781a |
c750hk | if A and B are female identical twins, and C and D are male identical twins, what is the genetic relationship between a child of A and C, and a child of B and D? | Legally, they'll be cousins. Genetically, they'll be siblings. Well, more or less. There is always *some* genetic difference between identical twins, but discounting that, the two children have genes that came from what amounts to the same "pool" of possible genes. They'd show up as siblings on a DNA test. | 49368950-f074-482d-863f-609f62e8a9a8 |
c753ec | How does a loudspeaker reproduce the sound of a whole orchestra, which is itself comprised of a hundred or so different sound sources, with just one single swinging membrane inside of it? | It happens the same way we can hear that orchestra with only one single tiny membrane vibrating inside each of our ears (ear drums) in response to the sound of the orchestra. The various sound waves from all points within the orchestra add and subtract (depending on phase). This “composite” wave form made up of the mathematical sum of all the waveforms is reproduced by the loudspeaker and caused our eardrums to vibrate in a similar way as if we were near the real orchestra. | 2a94158b-8e2d-4313-adee-48b627dd95fd |
c75hdz | What are bonds and credit default swaps? | Say a company needs to buy a big new fancy machine for its manufacturing plant. It might cost $10m. Over the years of it's life it will more than pay for itself but the company doesn't necessarily have that kind of cash available. So it can raise the money by issuing a kind of loan called a bond: investors give $10m to the company and in return the company promises:
* to repay the whole $10m at a fixed date in the future (maybe 3, 5, 10 years or longer)
* to pay a (usually) fixed rate of interest on the outstanding amount (say 5%). Interest is usually paid semi-annually
Investors can buy parts of the bond and there is usually a secondary market - ie you can sell it to other people at any time before redemption
On the face of it this is a good deal for investors: fixed interest over a relatively long term. However, what happens if the company that issued the bond goes bust before paying back the investors? You might have bought the whole $10m and you don't get a cent back. Most investors don't want that risk so they want insurance. A bank can offer credit default swaps as that insurance. The CDS says "if the company doesn't repay its bond the bank will instead". In return the bank earns a fee.
The cost of a CDS varies depending on how trustworthy people think the bond issuer is: if it looks solid (and so is very likely to repay the bond on time) then CDSs are cheap. Conversely, the price rises if the company looks shaky. If you buy a CDS when the company is doing well you can sell it to someone else at a later date if the company starts to look dodgy and therefore you make money. In other words, trading CDSs is a way to short a company's creditworthiness | f11f4802-81d4-4ba8-95bf-0694f2ccf60e |
c75huf | Why when I'm rubbing my hayfevery/itchy eyes does it feel near orgasmic, but as soon as I stop it's like the very fires of hell are burning my eyeballs? | Your brain uses electro-chemistry to cause the rest of your body to do things.
If your eyes are irritated by pollen the nerves send a signal that they itch. When you rub them your brain experiences reward signals saying, “Good job, you scratched the itch.”
Unfortunately you just irritated or popped thousands of tiny blood vessels by smashing your dirty knuckles into your eyes for five minutes so now they’re even more red and inflamed. This burns. | 02811e54-2b47-4ecd-aa85-babda513a829 |
c75jdi | How do fiber optics work? | An optical fibre is...somewhat simplified, a very, very long strain of glass. A type of glass with some chemicals mixed in, so that it's somewhat bendable.
The idea is that when you shine in one end of the cable with a light, it'll come out in the other end. If you use, say, a flashlight to flash morse code, it'll be possible to see the morse code in the other end of the cable.
A flashlight is pretty slow to go on and off, so you can't send signals very fast.
And that's why we use lasers instead. Because lasers are very, very fast at turning on and off.
And that is pretty much what a fibre cable is. A very long strain of glass, with a laser beam light in one end. And a sensor in the other end, that detects if the laser is on or off.
But, it get's better. You know how different colour light has different *wavelengths*?
Just like you can, in theory, shine into the fibre with a red and a green light at the same time and be able to listen to two transmissions at the same time, you can also change the "colour" of the laser transmitter.
The result is that you actually use several lasers that transmit at the same time. Often in both directions at the same time. | 5e57112e-c3fc-4d8d-9280-26a0215a9a50 |
c75sm2 | What happens if pushing the MRI QUENCH button? How the superconductive magnet loses the superconductivity? | > But how exactly pushing a button can make the coil temperature rise at the first place?
It activates an electrical heating element on or very close to the magnet itself. There are dedicated circuits for this emergency stop process, and the goal is to heat the magnet quickly to the point where it gains electrical resistance and the circulating charge can dissipate into heat, stopping the strong magnetic field. | 895d265f-4f53-4196-bd80-70b3ef3c62d1 |
c7693q | Why is there lightning during rainstorms but not during snow storms? | You still can have thunder and lightning with snow. It’s typically referred to as thundersnow. The reason you see it more with rain is because it generally needs the mixing of warm and cold air to bounce around together exciting and moving charges around until the build up is great enough to discharge. But it still happens in cold air too.
_URL_0_ | 6246f471-901a-40ea-99e8-2bf78bff1b61 |
c76nbg | What do the specs on/of a computer mean? | The big three specs on a computer are the CPU(the brain), the graphics card (what renders games and stuff), and how much ram you have (it is super high speed memory which can significantly impact how smoothly the computer runs).
Other things might be what storage is in the computer or peripherals (like monitors, mice, keyboards or gaming keypads)
Most of the "numbers and letters" are referring to specific products/brands/items.
For example the GTX 1080 Ti is a graphics card designed by Nvidia but a number of other companies (like EVGA and Asus) have made their own versions so you might see their names in the title as well. | 160effc2-3e62-4e0d-afa8-05cc223162f3 |
c76rul | How do leaders of different countries understand each other in conferences? What do they talk about and how do they avoid talking about insensitive topics? | Well, let's define "understand each other."
If you mean linguistically, they do it through translators. But usually they too speak other languages, specially French, or English.
If you mean it logistically, they do it by agreeing beforehand about an agenda, a set of points to talk about whenever they meet. For example, the G20 is taking place in Japan, so there was an agenda built from beforehand to deal with topics like climate change.
As far as insensitive topics go, they can agree to talk about them, but usually that's not the case, primarily if is a matter of "rich country vs por country." Usually, the poor country needs collaboration to developed projects, so they ask the rich country to invest on them. Sometimes it's the rich country looking for partnerships, so they just talk about economic development and not much else.
That's usually how it all works: my people meet with your people, agree on an agenda and we meet either at your place or my place whenever. | 6da429f4-d8dc-4190-b9c9-a27f89b29a2c |
c76ruo | what are brain waves? | Your brain's neurons communicate with each other through chemical and electrical activity. As with most stable systems, the electrical activity of your brain has a rhythmic or repetitive form. Any electrical system will create electromagnetic waves from normal activity, and we can detect them. So brain waves are are just a measurement of the electromagnetic waves generated by neural activity of your brain. | 1363c016-8802-408b-958d-d3cfdc5d39f9 |
c76um5 | why is water in the ocean and lakes blue but if I put water into a cup it is clear? | It's because water is almost entirely transparent, *almost* when you have a lot of it it starts being able to show it's color because there's enough that your eyes can start noticing the difference in the wavelengths being absorbed/reflected | 933f6b20-1b6b-4e70-bc03-283a9bb52255 |
c77009 | Why can't saltwater fish survive in freshwater? What does the absence of salt do to them? | Oooh but salmon! They go through some pretty radical changes on their way to spawn though, so I wonder what changes happen to allow them to survive the transition... | a7c46d85-5b80-404f-a750-268f76fe4bec |
c770gi | How do dolphins/whales etc jump out of the water without having ground to push off of? | Apparently my first explanation was too short. So here's attempt two. The dolphin/whale/fish swims with enough speed through the water that when they leave the water their momentum carries them up through the air. They don't need to push off of anything because they are already moving fast enough under the water. | 6534c2dd-2cc0-4ed6-8b01-bdca9a69dc72 |
c771jq | how does the NBA salary cap work? | Simple answer. Each team is allotted 107 million dollars to fill 13 roster spots. This, in theory, encourages parity and avoids the pitfalls the MLB has with teams like the Yankees and dodgers, who can simply buy whatever players they want due to lucrative local media deals in big markets and ubiquitous fan bases. Further, there are maximum contract amounts they can pay to a given player, a player can only make a certain percentage of the cap. With a lot of exceptions and incentives. Contracts are commodities that balance out the values of the players talent. Chris Paul is better than Patrick Beverley, but he makes 42 million a year against the cap, and Beverly makes 10. The clippers have much more flexibility than the rockets due to better value at point guard.
That’s a shitty explanation. There’s also the luxury tax given to teams that decide to pay more than the cap. Contract, dead money, sign and trade, expiring contracts, rookie deals. Mid level exception. All things to research if you want to know the minutiae
One notable fact is that a player who has been with a team a long time can sign a 5 year deal worth roughly 225 million dollars. Whereas another team could only pay that player 170 over 4 years. This comes into play because players in the last years of there deals are usually diminished by the time they hit the 3rd contract, lasting to their mid 30s. All nba contracts are fully guaranteed
It’s a fuckload of money. | 283be266-691c-4ba7-840a-1fdfe1536c88 |
c7742g | Why do some bugs or spiders just sit there waiting for you to kill them? | Most bugs don't live very long, ranging days to weeks. If they aren't moving much or trying to get away perhaps their bodies are failing, or they could be sick, or blind or a thousand other reasons. | 915f888b-321e-4a5f-ac04-055fd1f82e6c |
c775o1 | How does a computer knows the length of a second? | There is clock signals in the computer with know frequency that you be used to determine progress of time by the circuits.
The are based on technology like a [crystal\_oscillator](_URL_0_) often called quartz crystal that vibrate at fixed frequency because of there physical shape. It works a lot like a tuning fork or strings in instruments that is tuned. | c5790b14-c722-4fa4-a0b3-6d04e75f5c68 |
c777az | Tablet screens vs E-Reader screens | [E-ink](_URL_0_). Instead of lighting up phosphor dots like a computer monitor, it's filled with dark, electrically charged capsules and they can use electricity to bring them to the surface. It's actually a lot like a very advanced Etch-a-Sketch (except electric instead of magnetic). | bc9dc112-e522-4883-8c4b-dad4e3bb9100 |
c77aij | Why are dead lifts so often recommend when starting out weight lifting? | It is a complex motion involving multiple muscle groups that is fairly easy to learn. You can make a lot of gains in both mass and strength by adding it to your workout regimen. | d2e59a16-e443-4810-8888-24cde6dc0d76 |
c77n5h | How are fireworks manufactured and made to pop out like they do? | Not a fireworks guy, but How It's Made has a really good piece on how they're made.
_URL_0_
Basically, it's a series of explosive charges seperated by time delay fuses. An initial "lift" charge launches the firework into the air, after a given time, the burst charge, usually gunpowder surrounded by small metallic stars, all contained in a plastic shell, explodes. The type of metal dictates what color they burn. They're made in a very anti static environment, by specialized technicians. Hope that's a good start! | 7892e6a1-8bad-4b7a-b66c-49650feee7c4 |
c77rg6 | How does usb to 3.5mm work? | There are two ways of building a USB to headphone adapter.
One is the correct way that is compliant with the USB standards, and that is to include a DAC in the adapter itself. USB is digital only, so it's against the rules of the standard to send analog audio a USB port, so the only place for the DAC is within the adapter itself.
But no one wants to buy expensive headphone adapters, and an adapter with a DAC would be quite expensive. It's against the standard, but why not just use the DAC on the phone and send analog audio through USB? There's no reason why you can't do that. USB has many pins. You only need a few of them to communicate with the phone to tell it that this is an audio adapter, so phone makers did just that. You plug in one of these cheap USB C to 3.5mm adapters, and the phone sends analog audio through a few of the pins, and you don't need a DAC in your adapter.
The problem with this is that because it's not standards compliant, each phone manufacturer picked which pins to use independently. They didn't agree. So there are significant compatibility issues with USB C headphones and adapters. Some adapters won't work with some phones, some headphones won't work with some phones. But the standards compliant adapters that include a DAC do not have these issues. It's kind of a mess. And that's why. | 585b65da-6143-49bc-8e8d-9964ee767d99 |
c78cqa | What do people mean by "fixed" when they talk about wrestling? | It's prestigious in the same way throwing the One Ring into Mount Doom is heroic. It tells a story for the audience to enjoy, the titles are props but props with a lineage. You're putting your story on a long line of stories. | 47971825-28b7-4343-9acc-6fc878217c52 |
c78h52 | what's the differences among yogurt and sour milk, and why do people eat yogurt but not sour milk? It's all done by bacteria isn't it? | Sour milk is "caused" by some random bacteria with random results while yogurt has carefully selected strains of bacteria and/or yeast that has been proven to be safe and tasty. | 7c308ee9-c9d0-4cd0-94b9-50869f13212a |
c78k7n | How is pounds converted to kilograms of one is a weight and the other is a mass? | Yeah basically. Scales assume you're measuring on an Earth sized planet where acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s/s. | 72a3612b-5486-465d-9de7-e35dbb6a3249 |
c78rse | Why do healed broken bones ache when it rains? | “Scientists don’t know for sure why weather causes pain [this includes broken bones], but barometric pressure seems to play an important role. When a storm is brewing, the barometric pressure drops. This change is detected by the body, causing soft tissue to swell and fluid around the joints to expand [causing pain].”
[_URL_0_](_URL_0_) | c450c3b3-1828-442f-827c-892142902c74 |
c793ae | How sitting in the seat of somebody who sat in it recently feels warm, yet that same warmth can’t be recreated simply by standing up and sitting back down in your own seat? | When you're sitting down, both the seat *and your butt* warm up, so your butt is at the same temperature as the seat, which is why it doesn't feel warm when you stand up and sit back down.
But if you're standing, your butt is a little cooler, so the seat warmed by someone else's butt feel warm in comparison. | d25b5050-93ab-48e1-b8a4-263784483fc8 |
c793h4 | Ecuador uses USD as its currency. How does it get new bills or get rid of old ones? | Banks (regional or central) can buy any currency they desire, either with a different foreign currency or by selling something of value and taking payment in USD.
New bills come from other banks stockpiles or from the US.
Old bills are stored, spent or (if damaged) exchanged with US Bureau of Engraving.
The problem with using another country’s currency is that you don’t control how much is in global circulation. You can’t print more. You’re locked into the issuing country’s fiscal policy. | f1a5578a-538f-4d0e-911d-82092bd5bc32 |
c79dkg | Does eating at night really have any difference on your body as opposed to eating during the day? | Very minimal - studies on animals have shown that there is a slight difference in how the body consumes calories at night but not a significant difference and it hasn't been repeated in human studies.
& #x200B;
Where this "myth" has likely come from though is that it's been found that people who eat more at night than early in the day have a tendency to make poorer dietary choices - i.e. night eaters tend to eat larger servings and more calorie dense(i.e. more fattening) foods. But there's no real significant difference in how your body processes calories based on when you consume them. | e7c08f6d-da4f-45e0-904d-ae420d5a8ff6 |
c79gan | Why does lice seem to vanish from the Earth as soon as everyone becomes like 12 years old? | Adult people can generally be trusted not to paw at the heads of their peers and will address any itchy sensations or the feeling of critters running about on their scalp with appropriate medications. There definitely are older people with lice but they tend to be the vagabonds pushing shopping carts down the street full of trash and yelling at the street lamps, not normally functional adults. | 2e6b26fc-1ecc-4b7e-8816-4dee8dbe2ac7 |
c79gm2 | how does salmonella occur inside of fruits, per the latest papaya salmonella outbreak? | It doesn't, it occurs on the outside due to improper handling procedures between harvest and consumption. Salmonella typically lives in the digestive tracts of animals and is found in fecal material, so there has to be transfer of fecal material onto the papayas themselves. However, the bacteria can grow outside of a digestive tract/on the outside of fruits and vegetables, so even a small cross contamination event can lead to an outbreak if it happened early in the processing and distribution. | 44363f71-e49c-465b-9628-bfe5d25a7844 |
c79hbo | Why does the surface of water look mirror-like from the underside at certain angles? | this is called "total internal reflection" in optics.
light can escape from water into air only at steep angles. At shallow angles it gets reflected "totally", meaning the reflectivity is 100%. That is even higher than normal metallic mirrors (90%-98%).
The reason is (missing) refraction. refraction and reflection occurs together. For steep angles refraction is high, and reflection is rather low. At shallow angles this changes dramatically: refraction is "forbidden" hence all light goess into reflection. | 5c61ebf6-8a92-43ec-9708-a686c54fc3b7 |
c79lc6 | How does dust stick to ceiling fans despite the fact they're spinning? | Dust particle has a small surface area, so the miniscule amount of wind that hits it while the fan rotates isnt enough to break the friction it has from contact with the fan. | c236a006-cf94-4a99-8e08-2a67a7230500 |
c79ly9 | what's the difference between gas grades, i.e. 87, 88 "the new standard" and flex fuel? | The grade refers to the octane rating of the fuel, which is a measure of how easy it is to ignite.
The harder a fuel is to ignite, the more it can be compressed in the engine first, and the more energy it will release.
The thing is that an engine has to be designed to work with a higher octane fuel - if you put the wrong octane fuel in a car, it will not be igniting at the correct points in the engines cycle, and will work poorly (in some cases causing damage to the engine).
Check your manufacturers information for your car, which should tell you the octane ratings the engine will work best with.
If you do end up putting the wrong grade in your car, it isn't the end of the world - the car will run on a range of octane ratings, it just won't work as efficiently, and may increase wear. | cf0ec803-a0e4-4ee4-ab4c-1166a170a20e |
c79n32 | Why do some phone batteries 'die' before reaching 0%? | Cell phone batteries as they get older often have issues with judging 0% to 100%. This in most cases leads to the phone shutting down below 10% as the phone is displaying incorrect battery storage info. | a3a0a715-43ef-4abc-8e23-5b2112d01026 |
c79qb7 | What's mental elasticity and why children do have it and adults don't | Brain plasticity is the idea that the brain is mouldable and dynamic rather than being in a fixed state. You can kind of think of it like play dough. You can make it into any shape you want. As you let it sit out, it starts being harder to change the shape.
So the reason why children have greater brain plasticity is because when you're young, your brain is extremely busy getting all of the wiring between neurons right. The young brain is learning all sorts of new information about the world and it does so by making connections between neurons. New connections are made and unused ones are discarded. Fun fact: half of your neurons become programmed to die because they end up not being necessary.
When you're older, brain plasticity definitely still exists. If it didn't, you wouldn't be able to learn anything new and you wouldn't form memories. Old memories wouldn't be discarded either because you would be unable to get rid of those connections in the brain. Even as an adult you're also making new neurons. Brain plasticity just isn't as prevalent for most regions of the brain because there aren't as many connections to make. You know how to walk, you know how to speak complex ideas, etc.
For answering why/how do adults exhibit less plasticity, we're not completely sure yet. We know that genes in your DNA that have to do with increasing plasticity are used less as you get older. DNA also becomes damaged as you age, as I explained [here](_URL_0_). Reactive oxygen species, which have rogue oxygens that really want to bind to other things and can be quite destructive, are thought to also contribute to aging. These accumulate naturally through our body's processes and also from things like UV radiation and heat. | bf46e064-375f-436d-831e-795dd29743ff |
c79xud | How do big trees survive without constant watering | Tree roots can span a far distance (down 20 feet/5 meters), so it will suck up water from deep in the earth. Current record is 60 meters of a living tree root was found in Arizona.
If it's a dry season, growth slows down. When you cut a tree, and look at the rings you can tell when a year was wet or dry based on distance. | cbfa21f9-5d8e-416d-8d0d-c0f0a83b484a |
c7aij8 | why stab wounds in movies appear to be deadlier than gunshot wounds (at least in movies) | It's all about what's convenient for the story. Bad guys get shot and they are instantly dead. Good guys get shot and they can run a marathon.
There is no consistent logic even within the same movie. As long as it doesn't break the suspension if disbelief, writers and directors do what moves the story in the direction they like | 767ba48a-3edd-4eff-9380-b851fa9c35c0 |
c7akc7 | Why is rain often very heavy when you can still see the sun between the clouds while it's raining? | The rain that falls on you comes from the clouds directly above you (plus or minus a little bit for wind).
The sun however only sits directly above you for a very short time each day (at 12 oclock during summer time, and often not at all during winter), so the cloud that is raining on your position will only block the sun if it is directly overhead.
At other times of the day, the cloud that will block the sun could be miles away from the cloud directly overhead that is raining on you.
If there is only a cloud above you, but nowhere else, you will experience the effect of it raining, but still appearing sunny.
The reason this is unusual is because it is unlikely to have one cloud large enough to create rain completely on its own, so normally the whole sky will be blanketed in clouds before the weather is bad enough for rain. | cec06bb2-959a-4cea-8163-b84219ba0aac |
c7b0dr | Why does it never snow in some places that are cold enough for snow? | Snow requires both cold and the right atmospheric conditions. Many coastal areas have too much moisture in the air to allow for snow to form. Also, as far as I can tell you don't count flurries (snow that does not accumulate on the ground) as snow. | eb0f242d-460c-40f8-817a-086eef4bef12 |
c7b58p | why does salt water still taste like salt water even though the Sodium and Chlorine bonds have been broken apart? | When we taste "salt," we're really only tasting the sodium component.
To be more rigorous, we're tasting the fact that sodium is an alkali metal (a common substitute for sodium chloride is *potassium* chloride; potassium is the next element in the alkali metal group).
So to say something "tastes like salt" is to say it "tastes like an alkali metal." | 5a666f49-f147-4a17-8220-34f496b91283 |
c7b82h | How come fair skinned people have harder time getting a tan? Can they even get a tan? | A tan is basicaly the skin's response to damage done by the sun, by increasing melanin. Since lighter skinned people naturaly have less melanin, it is harder for them to produce more. They can get a tan, but that tan will be lighter than a naturaly darker person's tan. It is also not a good idea to try and "force" a tan, since the chances of getting sunburnt (and possibly worse) are high | 60853e14-ab1c-4474-bcb4-5be35cefe92e |
c7b8ni | when we swallow/ingest food down the wrong hole (into the wind pipe) do the lungs break down food and liquid? Or does it just sit there and rot? | Your lungs sweep the foreign particles up with microscopic hairs called cilia and you cough it up. If it sits and rots in there you get pneumonia and die from sepsis. | 6941bf7e-2f62-4990-ab5b-f6891ca894ac |
c7bj28 | Why is it that, when someone tells you to do something, you want to do it less? | In Social Psychology this is known as Reactance. It's a motivational state that follows after experiencing a loss of (predominantly social) power. Reactance is then the motivation to protect or repair your sense of power or freedom of choice. This is the same mechanism that makes forbidden fruits attractive. It might give you a thrill to do something that's prohibited by law, rules,... That's because you are regaining power and a sense of freedom by ignoring something that would ordinarily limit you.
In this scenario you are being told to do something, which you experience as a threat to your social dominance. Your following behaviour will be aimed at reasserting this lost sense of power.
This may also lead to what's known as the boomerang effect: you feel an urge to do something that's the exact opposite of what you're being told to do.
Human beings greatly enjoy power and a lot of our behaviour is tailored towards upholding a maximum amount of it. | ee59a912-ad10-4eb2-bcf8-681b27120187 |
c7bt4t | How does the PornHub line chart / trend line that is at the bottom of the videos work? The videos are scanned automatically by algos look for what exactly? | It represent how long people have watched it. Usually people will close the video after 10sec, but I'm always curious if there is a spike somewhere in the middle /end. Wink wink. | 4fd57e69-eda1-434d-8b4d-5cddbc797b60 |
c7bzur | Why aren't browsers able to block all pop-ups (some of them seems to "escape the filter")? | There's a constant battle between browser developers and popup makers. Browser devs try to get rid of unwanted popups, while the popup makers are looking for ways to trick the browser into allowing a popup. Sometimes, the popup makers find something that the browser devs missed. | 823e5f62-db96-43b2-a3a6-62438b14fbaa |
c7c816 | Do we know into what the universe expands? | The answer to this question is irrelevant from the point of view of science, since this thing it supposedly expands into we will never be able to interact with.
But I think it's easier to wrap your head around it if we rephrase the terminology a bit. The word "expand" is kinda unfortunate, since it's colloquial meaning implies that it, as you said, expands "into something". I think the word "stretch" fits much better here.
Long story short: the universe doesn't expand, it stretches. What's beyond universe doesn't matter ;) | f245ec7b-562f-4f40-abab-ba13dd538a7c |
c7cy4r | As a short sighted person, why are things still blurry if I look at them in the reflection of a mirror that I’m just centimetres away from? | The question is how far the light has to travel from an object to get into your eye. A mirror just extends this distance. The light first travels the way from the object to the mirror and then from the mirror to you. These two distances need to be added up.
In contrast to this, a display screen is the source of light itself, hence it is less blurry. | 779c3541-c585-47e4-8434-ba52ed579ada |
c7cyza | Why are OLED displays capped at 60Hz (according to Dave Lee)? | It has to do with the panel itself. OLED and AMOLED are completely different, and AMOLED offers a much faster refresh rate than a OLED panel.
That's why OnePlus is able to achieve it due to AMOLED. | 401561d3-5c24-4cbb-b50d-1e0a39cd38b7 |
c7cz5s | black stripe on face meaning | It's an eyebrow. The picture is implying that back in 1999, you would get kissed and have the remnants of a woman's lipstick, but nowadays you would get their entire eyebrow/eyebrow makeup. Lol | 95b0fa87-9b22-4f7d-b1be-7aedecba3bbf |
c7d73l | Why does bar soap make your skin feel 'sticky' while body wash does not? | The wax content. Most store bought soaps have a high wax content, much like cheap crayons. This is partially why, if you buy a better brand of bar soap, or even more so with soap made by small companies or at farmers markets, they won’t give you that sticky feeling. Many small time soap makers use natural and/or organic ingredients, thus eliminating the waxy feeling. | 3587e266-658c-4694-8021-f139c809b86d |
c7dnf9 | How do pixels know when and what color to display? | They don't. The computer sets the pixel to whatever color is needs.
I'm not quite sure why you think a pixel needs to "know" anything. Could you perhaps explain how you arrived at that idea? I should be able to better explain what's going on then. | 41dc330c-6e82-4119-ac11-aa25badcc797 |
c7e7nc | Why is it that normal words sometimes look extremely weird and completely misspelled? | Your brain is tired of the word. In most cases, you’re stated at word too long, so your brain is experiencing something called semantic saturation, where the word will temporarily loose meaning to you because it is on your mind too much.
Edit:
Wow! To whoever gave me gold because of this post, I really appreciate it. Thank you, | df0ab5f8-a830-4254-a168-432bb9af3127 |
c7ef4k | Does freon flow through the racks of freezers (undercounter)? | Depends on the fridge, small fridges like once used in college dorms or small offices have a coil inside the freezer area(where the food goes) and the freon keeps cycling thru that slowly doing a heat exchange this cooking the surrounding air down to ....below freezing levels.
Most other cycle air inside that freezer area and the air does a heat exchange else where in the fridge and is returned at a lower temp.....below freezing levels. | ebdfeeb1-a5dd-43b5-813d-0af3bca801d2 |
c7epds | Why aren't there public showers in most cities? | Because public showers would primarily benefit people who are homeless or housing unstable. Such people often cannot vote because they don't have a fixed address. They also don't pay taxes, and taxpayers get upset when taxes go towards things that don't directly benefit them. Homeless people have neither political nor economic power, and no one else will advocate for them, so politicians aren't interested in improving their conditions.
[Occupy Kalamazoo](_URL_0_) is one of the only recent instances I can think of where homeless people were able to organize a political action, and it resulted in a lot of retaliation. | 0cd1d3f5-e331-4fc3-98b8-35fc23db73db |
c7erw8 | Why is it that plants in a garden need excessive care like support,waterings, and heavy weeding when plants thrive in the wild without this? | Because we usually select the wrong plants when we plant a garden. The things we pick tend to have been selected for their beauty, not their hardiness. There are some demo gardens that show how to plant with local native plants that require little active care. | bcbddfb4-d1aa-409e-bf4e-c96603f7f605 |
c7f3bm | how does an icebreaker work | I assume you mean the ship type. They have powerful engines along with a very thick hull concentrated in the front, with an extremely heavy bow. The general idea is that the icebreaker will drive into a sheet of ice sitting on the surface of the water and the shape of the bow will force it upward onto the ice. Because the bow is so heavy it will break the ice sheet with its weight and the ship will be able to repeat this process on the next bit of the ice sheet. | 156c5b23-418e-408c-9034-a0b15fc4aa66 |
c7f419 | How do heat waves effect sound waves? | Temperature changes the density of air. Cold air is denser than hot air. (Ever notice how great you car starts on a winter day, particularly with a carbureted vehicle?)
The air around and above the combustion is several hundred degrees hotter than the air further away from it, and the air will be roiling and very turbulent as well. This will distort the sound. | 68aa8f5e-db09-4952-ac43-ca044ae46b4e |
c7f4q8 | how are adblockers not undetectable? | Yes, all of that is possible. Some of it is tricky, though, some not very wanted by end users.
For instance, one of the "selling points" of ad blockers is that they improve performance by decreasing bandwidth and memory usage. This won't happen if it still downloads images, and runs scripts.
Downloading images and running scripts means compromising the user's privacy -- you're sending valuable data to the advertiser even if you don't actually see the ad.
Another thing is that by removing ads the page becomes cleaner. To really maintain the illusion the adblocker would either need to keep the layout the same (otherwise blocking is detectable by checking element positions), or maintain a parallel simulation (which takes work and resources).
Transparent ad blocking would also mean real war with ad companies. It would break their statistics and make it impossible to tell if anybody is seeing anything or not, which would pose an existential crisis to them. This would possibly mean legal trouble as ad companies would do all they can to survive. | bcf659b8-e983-432d-9646-4e560e83df8c |
c7f5my | Why is it that you feel sleepy the entire day but when it's time to sleep, you can't sleep at all? | Not a doctor or anything. But...
From a physical standpoint, one reason you may have trouble falling asleep like this is due to the fact that even though your body is tired, your mind takes this opportunity to focus on a variety of different thoughts which keeps you from properly relaxing before sleep. This is especially the case if you were in "go mode" all day; your body may be physically tired, but your mind may not be.
From a mental standpoint, this occurs because we often seek to think our way into a place of comfort. Relentless analysis of a thought comes from a desire for control. But you cannot think your way into a feeling of peace. You can only feel it. Which requires a relenquishment of thought and desire for control (i.e. acceptance).
From a spiritual standpoint, as physical bodies with an electromagnetic presence that is connected to the Earth (and its own electromagnetic field), we are subject to the spectrum of vibrational changes that are constantly taking place. When you lay down to go to sleep, you are exposed to less sensory input. So all of the physical and metaphysical energies that are constantly surrounding/affecting us utilize this time to bombard your system and make whatever changes are needed. Since they may not have the chance to do so in your waking, day to day life. | 157d37d6-f21c-43aa-a75c-e8d1a3ae8a57 |
c7fg26 | What is the difference between labyrinth and maze? | The two words are usually synonymous, but a labyrinth *can* be a maze with only a single path (such as the labyrinth in the cathedral at Chartres) while a maze generally has multiple, branching paths. | da0118c3-95a1-4233-93c0-7277439ece4b |
c7fofv | Why do overweight people have higher basal metabolic rates than lean people? | > Most BMR calculators, even on reliable websites, make no distinction between muscle and fat
Yes, this is why the calculation is an estimate and not 100% accurate. A bodybuilder is in a very different place metabolically than an obese person, and a simple calculation isn't going to reveal all. It can however be useful in determining when the average person is getting a bit too tubby. | ca59cc8b-a03d-42a0-9543-7521cf186f51 |
c7fsa8 | Is it true that when you can get sick from getting wet in the rain? Why? | No, simply getting wet from rain is not going to make you sick.
Getting wet will make your release body temperature faster (radiate) and you can drop below where you are supposed to which can lead to an immune compromise and any pathogens you are exposed to can lead to a cold.
Same thing about going outside without a jacket. Being jacketless does not mean you will get sick, but it can increase the likelihood of being unable to fight off foreign invaders and germies. | 7492ffd4-3ee1-436c-97a0-7a56d1c171a7 |
c7g1ri | How does carbon dating work and how can scientists reliably date things millions of years back? | Credit goes to u/GaidinBDJ from [This](_URL_0_) eli5 thread
There's a certain type of carbon (Carbon-14) which become incorporated into the bodies of living things (it's absorbed by plants from the atmosphere and then passed along as things eat those plants). When the organism dies it stops acquiring carbon-14 and the carbon-14 decays at a predictable rate. By measuring the current amount of carbon-14 (or, more specifically, measuring it's decay) you can come up with an estimate of how long a sample has been biologically inactive (i.e. dead) for.
Accuracy (and how far back you can measure) depends on a couple of factors. First is knowing the level of Carbon-14 in the atmosphere at a particular point of time. These estimates are always being slightly revised. Second is the accuracy of your tools. The more exact you can measure the carbon-14 decay, the more accurate your result will be. And third is the age of the sample. The older a sample gets the less and less carbon-14 is present to decay. The general limit is currently around 50,000 years but there are some ways to date older samples.
To put the accuracy in perspective: For a sample less than 20,000 years old I'd bet $10 it's accurate within 200 years and $1,000 that it's accurate within 1,000 years. | 43bed9da-5273-4669-be4a-eb60d22e6bea |
c7g4te | Why does breathing out on a left foot, when running, prevent Stitch? | I was in the army for 4 years and ran countless miles and never heard of this. Although many of the cadence's were timed with the left foot so we may have been doing it by accident? | 60ec2f50-bda4-44cb-a148-99f1c9edeb59 |
c7g8v5 | How do breast measurements work? | The number is the ribcage, and the cup size is calculated based on the difference between the ribcage and the largest point of circumference around the breasts.
A cup is one inch, B is two inches, and so on. | 552bca2e-1478-447b-9486-71e62c19929e |
c7gbx8 | Why will a zit hurt when there's no "head"? | Inflammation makes the pore close up.
As your body fights the infection, the inflammation reduces and the pus forms.
you probably could squeeze them out but its more difficult and more painful, | ef93173e-2eaf-4e70-b6fa-6de8e305a73c |
c7gi7h | How do fire dancers stay safe? | Usually people will only start using fire once they have practiced so much they rarely hit themselves with their tools. Sometimes the use LED things beforehand to practice. And good fire dancers always have water and fire blankets handy, cause sometimes you do get burned. | 19da8317-db8e-4b52-b5cb-939c73e2043c |
c7gjz2 | How did the US become the most powerful country in the world despite being one of the youngest ? | We lucked out on natural resources and the ability to expand basically unlimited. Also with a vast majority of the world greatly injured economically after WWII it allowed America to basically be the world’s manufacturing engine for 20 years giving us a massive leg up on technology and wealth | f913c296-9abc-4764-9954-d44554429595 |
c7gpme | Why don’t law enforcement officers use tranquilizer guns to subdue perpetrators? | Cop here:
There's several reasons.
For one, tranquilizers require time to work. In an active use-of-force situation, you're dealing with seconds at the very most. You need instantaneous options.
Another is that tranquilizers require specialized doses based on size and weight. It's fine to estimate for an animal, because ultimately if you accidentally kill it, it's not that big of a deal, legally. That's not the same for a person. | 453b10ae-376e-45fa-8777-8a7e5378ae84 |
c7gq0f | What is that feeling when somrething shakes your soul up & down and side to side when you're about to fall sleep and why does it happen? | That’s an interesting way to describe it, but it’s a reflex to keep you from falling out of a tree. It’s not really useful anymore. | 9c113f55-6303-46c1-b9f5-4fb8419e6952 |
c7gq3v | What actually happens with those shredded truck tires on the side of the highway? Do trucks really just drive until they fall off, and how do they continue onward after losing a tire? | Semi's have 18 wheels. So what you are seeing is retreads. A new tire for a semi truck is very expensive, maybe $400 or $500, so they take old tires and "retread" them by basically hotmelting new rubber onto the old rubber. Unless this is done really well, it will eventually fall apart.
But luckily, since the semi has 18 wheels, losing one won't really ruin anything. The truck will continue on to the next truck stop, maybe at a lower speed, and there it will have a new retread put on in place of the old retread. The old retread gets thrown into a pile and taken to the retread shop where they glue more tread on it and the endless loop continues. | f6905798-a040-4d5e-a98f-e42e27a931c3 |
c7hecg | what TB lab results mean | The Quantiferon test is a brand name for a form of interferon gamma release assay. Simply put if your immune system recognizes tuberculosis then it will release a substance when exposed to the antigen for that substance, a chemical marker specific to that infection.
The first two zero results are for exposure to different kinds of TB and show your body doesn't react to them. The third is a test to see if your body is reacting to anything (which it is) as if it isn't then the test is inconclusive and you have immune problems.
The "nil" is a measure of if there are any other antigens already in the blood from an ongoing illness that could cause those immune cells to release substances like the test measures, skewing the results. It is quite low so the results should be accurate. | 9e02301f-5db1-4ff2-b175-926f22154171 |
c7hg4b | What’s the difference between primates, hominids, apes, and monkeys? | Those are all classifucations of creatures. Primates include hominids, apes and monkeys. Monkeys are different classification group from apes. Hominids are a subclassification of apes. | 71fe60cf-5d7b-4c84-8f66-abff8788f69b |
c7hhak | Why does food taste differently hot and cold? | Taste receptors in our tongue are temperature sensitive. Our body works based on tiny electric signals for control and information transfer. When the temperature changes, some taste receptors like TRMP5 (that senses tastes like sweetness, bitterness, and umami) send different signals. The electric signal they send to the brain increases with an increase in temperature. This affects how we perceive the food to taste and is the reason ice-cream tastes sweeter when it's not so cold and beer gets bitter when it's hot. | ab1907e1-2f3c-4d53-8af9-146ea9e225b5 |
c7hxow | Why does it seem that you have less energy on a hot day, while you don’t have to produce more body heat? | Cooling yourself down when you're too hot also costs energy, and when you're physically exerting yourself, you're creating even more heat that your body then has to disperse. | 4c9f88dc-fc98-4378-99c9-d6e7fdc8997f |
c7irt4 | The differences between species, races, and breeds. | Species is kind of a squishy concept. The general rule is that if two populations cannot interbreed and produce fertile young, they are different species.
Race is a purely sociological concept. It has no basis in biology.
Breed is applied to different phenotypes of domestic animals. A phenotype is the outside appearance of a plant or animal. So we selectively breed plants an animals to get different outside appearances, while staying the same species. | 429c0f2e-563b-4597-a73f-5a336a1c87c0 |
c7irvs | How do you store information in DNA? | So, DNA has 4 different proteins in the strand. I don't recall all the names, but they are represented by C, T, A, and G(uanine).
So, a strand of DNA can have variations in these proteins and form a chain like CCTGACGT.
Just like a string of 0's and 1's (bits) can be used for encoding data, a DNA strand can encode in a similar way.
So, one could assign each protein a bit pattern and encode data just like a computer does. G could equal 00, T 01, and so on. | 2075619e-92ee-4632-8718-46228bb968ea |
c7ivoq | What makes a light-up top light up? | They have batteries and a light inside. When you spin the top, the centrifugal force pushes a flexible strip of metal into a wire, which closes the circuit and allows electricity to flow to the light. | a7e2854a-b7b8-4ca0-bad0-2438d9acabb5 |
c7ixqz | How a speaker is able to make two sounds at the same | When a speaker vibrates, it doesn't have to move in a single pattern. It can push out, pull back all the way, push forward a tiny bit, push back a little, push forward more, and so forth.
When you consider the two frequencies of sound you mentioned, when they get added together- whether they were both played in front of you and you hear them together "live", or they were recorded separately and mixed with audio equipment, they produce one single "wave", but that wave is very complicated, containing the information of both signals.
The speaker reproduces the same (or very similar, given that reproduction can never be identical) wave that you'd hear if you were physically present when the two tones were produced.
It's your *brain* that does the work. It takes the complex waveform and essentially breaks apart the separate sounds that have been mashed together. What you "hear" isn't really what you *hear*, if that makes sense- your brain is doing a lot of work to let you hear multiple sounds. | 6a9d04cd-6fd8-42a5-b10f-45c4eb5fee40 |
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