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41r4fd | How will the closing of so many Wal Mart stores affect local economies? | Because the way WalMart moved in on those communities in the first place was to steamroll into town and undercut all local businesses, forcing them to go under. Pretty soon, WalMart becomes The Only Game in Town, and if it pulls out, all that's left is a big muddy hole. No local commerce, no local jobs, a huge hit to the tax base.
It costs money to start up a business from scratch, and a lot of the people who owned mom & pop stores and were flattened retired or moved on. | 1f770fd8-c0f6-451c-a1fd-1c862dfd1ed1 |
14fxdd | can someone please ELI5 the functions of independent, dependent, and standardized variables in the scientific method? | The independent variable is the variable that you control and change.
The dependent variable is what you're measuring. It changes as a function of the independent variable. Or at least it does if your experiment is valid.
A standard variable is basically a validation of your experiment. It has a known set of data associated with it. If you use a standard in the same experimental design as your other variables and get wacky results, there's probably something wrong with your experiment.
Example:
* Your investigation is to measure the rate at which culinary fats melt as temperature varies.
* You are investigating beef fat, margarine, and bacon fat. For some reason, you have pages of data on how butter melts. Butter will be your **standard**.
* For each fat, you place a precisely measured amount in an oven. The temperature of the oven is the **independent variable** because that is what you are changing.
* You measure the rate of melting for each fat. The time it takes to melt is the **dependent variable** because that is what changes *in response* to the independent variable.
* How does a standard typically come into play? When possible, it's used alongside unknown variables. So in this case, you would simultaneously heat the butter and the beef fat. Then the butter and the margarine, etc. Did the melt time of the butter differ drastically from the literature? There must be something wrong. | ad68c2dc-7ac7-4ef8-89a2-0de7f4ec9828 |
72uobx | Why does the back button on the browser work and other times does not? | When you've been automatically redirected from one address to another, depending how that was implemented, the back button can take you to the place you were redirected from - at which point, you're immediately redirected again. Thus, you have to click it twice, fast enough that the second one comes before the redirect, and you get back to where you were.
What do I mean by "depending how that was implemented"? Well, if the website was correctly using HTTP REDIRECT that doesn't happen (because the browser just treats it as one page-change directly to the new address, instead of two), but lots do it in javascript instead, at which point this comes into play.
Some advertisers, in particular, do this deliberately to make escaping their ads much harder. It's obnoxious, but it must be working for them or they wouldn't do it.
As a side note, this can always be bypassed (in Firefox and Chrome, at least) by long-pressing (e: or right-clicking; thanks, u/Qwerty_Resident!) on the Back button (or, where it exists, clicking the drop-down arrow beside it) to get a dropdown of previous pages, and then selecting the page to which you actually want to go back from the list. | b93e70ea-8e37-4081-b20d-d1843ef57f51 |
19ucrd | Differences in performances of artists in classical music: ELI5 how does one tell a superb conductor from an average one, or a superb, award winning pianist from a "plain", skilled musical school graduate? | A good conductor is one who is able to get exactly the emotion and sound out of the orchestra that they have in their head *and* have the artistic sense to know what will sound good. The audience will notice the second of those traits, the orchestra will notice the first. Doing so requires a great deal of expression and the ability to relate and communicate, as well as a keen artistic ear. The compositions themselves are just sketches that the conductor and performers fill in with details.
A good pianist is much the same, except the first part of the conductors skill is replaced with the ability to coax the sounds out of their instrument that they have in their head. This is true of all instrumentalists. It takes years of practice to do this, and there is a lot of subtlety to it. Then, they have to have the artistic sense to know what sounds they want to get. Some people naturally have a better idea than others, some get it by listening to *lots and lots* of music. Basically, the best instrumentalist is the one who can take a great musical idea and make you feel like it was just planted into your head. They are talented because they both have that great idea, and have the ability to communicate it to you effectively.
As for what ideas are great ones, well, you basically have to listen to a lot of music to hear it.
One thing to think about: all good music strives to be in balance in some way. Loud and soft, fast and slow, harsh and soothing, etc. Most pieces don't vary every factor, but one thing that makes a piece interesting is that it shows you two sides of a coin. Maybe it's a relaxing piece overall, but a great one will show you relaxing while being loud and slow AND while being soft and fast, all the while remaining relaxing.
A good performer can take some aspect of a piece, maybe how fast a particular section goes, or how it is articulated, and take it to a relative extreme, more *something* than most people would think you could and still have it sound good, but then they will balance it out with something else so they create something that is more interesting than the original, but still conveys the same message -- not just "oh they made it faster". | bec4caef-daec-4ef8-bb1c-aabc4aa3c0c4 |
4qvjf2 | What is at the center of Gas Giant planets and what holds them together? Why do they have an atmosphere? | What holds them together is gravity.
As you go into a gas giant the atmosphere which is mostly hydrogen gets thicker. Eventually you get so much pressure that you get liquid hydrogen, and then at the very core you will have solid hydrogen/whatever heavier elements the planet has absorbed. | c9b1aa39-6c3c-452b-8fad-a16ea74cd4d3 |
1za6v9 | Why are people so "stranger-phobic" nowadays? | Because the media shows so many awfull things happening, that no one actually trusts eachother anymore. That, and I have no idea what to say to strangers, I'm not really talkative and when I do say something in the nicest way, I mostly get a very rude response.
Lots of people blame it on internet and videogames making people less social, but I don't believe in that. | c3c7f921-b0cb-4a81-a51e-c5b0c96c0959 |
1s0y2q | How does genetic drift work? | Genetic drift is simply changes in the gene pool of a population due to chance.
Let's say you have a population of 10 bugs. 5 of the bugs have Gene R which makes the Red in color. 5 of the bugs have Gene B which makes them Blue. Being red or blue is equally advantageous in hiding from their color blind predator, the Monotone Sparrow, so natural selection isn't driving the frequency of red bugs versus blue bugs.
Let's say that the local monotone sparrow eats 7 of the 10 bugs. 5 of them happen to be red. This didn't happen because the bird could see the red bugs better. It was just random chance. But now, there are no more red bugs. Gene R has been totally eliminated from this population. So the population has drifted to a population made up entirely of blue bugs with Gene B. | 6feee693-9c94-4596-a668-1f00f7bdde9d |
6b2oee | How does public-key cryptography work? | Public (also known as Asymmetric) encryption is best explained by [this picture](_URL_0_). Just take a second to digest each step and realize how both parties do indeed come to the same result and that if you were spying on them in public, it would be difficult to determine their private colors. Now replace the ideas with colors with keys (large primes) and the act of un-mixing paint as factoring very large semi-prime numbers. That's generally how the Diffie-Hellman key exchange works today. It wasn't even thought to be possible until the 70s.
Once both parties has this shared key (same color), they can use that as a key for further communication since it's a secret that only they know of. Pretty neat! There are variations of this idea that use moduli, group theory, and advanced number theory to do the same basic thing but it's all the same idea. This is only a basic explanation of modern public-key cryptography. | acc35ca5-fd7c-487e-9fd1-86919973d541 |
34bqm6 | How and why do does the WestBoro Baptist Church make money? | They did and iama recently. They all hold down regular jobs and some are lawyers, so they are not poor. In any case, what do they need money for? The only expenses they have are travel costs and it's not like they do it for the money.
Useful info from the inside:
_URL_1_
_URL_0_ | 317fc8ea-4b0f-4aea-8939-9fd5cebd6a43 |
jokdd | What the hell do we need the stock market for, /explainlikeimfive | Do you remember when you started your lemonade stand? Well, you didn't have any money then, so you had to ask us to help start out your shiny new business! This is called Venture Capital! We gave you some money, with the hope that you'll turn it into a big business and pay us back and some more!
Now that you have a big profitable lemonade stand, you want to start up other lemonade stands down the street! However, you don't quite have enough money, so you have to start asking to borrow money from other people. We already gave you as much as we have, so you have to ask others. Now, you could go door-to-door and ask everyone to help out, but that would take a long time and might not even work. So, people invented the stock market to help out! You would go to the stock market and shout out there that you want money and will sell a small piece of your company! Anyone who gives you money gets a small piece of the profits!
Then, some people might not want to keep a piece of your company, maybe it's becoming winter and nobody wants lemonade anymore. What those people will do is go to the stock market and tell everyone that they have a piece of your company and will sell it to anyone who asks with the right price! The person who buys that piece, or share, of your company will then get some of the profits, while the person who sold it has money that he can use to buy a piece of a different company.
The price that people sell it for is completely random!! Initially, you set the price for the initial sale (Initial Public Offering) of your company, but once people start buying and sharing shares of your company, you can't do anything to control the price. So, that means that if people think your company is going to do really well, they'll be willing to pay more for those shares, and if it's winter, then people will pay less for them. But, it's all up to what people think will happen! This could be some random bit of news about your company like an announcement of a new lemonade stand, or related information like a drop in price of lemons, or something as silly as people selling your company for no reason!
However, to make all this magic happen, there has to be a central place where people can trade shares of your company, and so they invented stock markets! | 8ab0f051-9ecf-4cbd-85b7-ce1980edeb8e |
1p2v5g | An overview of WWII | Germany was pissed off about losing the WWI and being saddled with some horrifying economic punishments courtesy of the Treaty of Versaille. A guy called Hitler rose to power by loudly bitching and moaning about how unfair it all was and how the German people deserved so much better. The German people loved having their ego stroked like that so they voted the guy into power.
Meanwhile, Japan was pissed because of something called the ABCD encirclement (American, British, Chinese, and Dutch), which was basically starving them of oil and resources that they needed to build their country into a superpower.
So, Hitler got greedy and started taking over European countries, and Japan got greedy and started taking over the entire Pacific ocean, so a bunch of other countries got together to beat them up a bit, get them back under control, and put things more or less back to normal. The Americans used the war as political leverage to leapfrog England into the pre-eminent position of power in the western world, and Germany was once again saddled with heavy punishment and reparation payments (which they're still making to this day). Japan got nuked and suffered from permanent military occupation by the Americans (which still goes on to this day).
Russia got their ass kicked in the first half of the war, but rebounded strongly enough to make them a superpower in their own right. The Americans absolutely hated that, which led to a long period of uneasy relations between the US and Russia which we now call the Cold War (which, in a way, is also still going on to this day). | 8b697105-17fa-43d5-9ce5-0a8b20d60826 |
3p9fzc | Why is sign language different in different parts of the world? | if you learn sign language you will notice it's basically a sign for each word. if you learn a second language you will learn that each language has different rules for words, like the order of noun/verb might be flipped or one language will use a second word while another will change the ending of a word. so each spoken language kind of needs its own sign language to match how the spoken language works. | 19d4b478-9f30-46a9-abb7-a6c7c93d6792 |
3sjimw | What is the difference between applied physics and engineering? | I'm actually majoring in physics. Theoretical physics to be honest, but we were forced to do some applied stuff too. But I've also worked as an intern in an engineering office which makes me feel like I can draw a comparison.
Engineering focusses on problems on a higher level than applied physics does. Applied physics bothers with developing stuff that will become the building blocks of engineers like LEDs or the mechanisms behind and LCD display. Also, physicists in solid state physics try to derive actually how to build new materials that suffice certain properties whereas I feel like engineers stand more on the side of using these materials to the fullest extent. So in a way physicists do innovation more on a molecular level whereas engineers focus on a macroscopic level, as they do not get the training to fully understand atomic and molecular physics. | 8ebbce76-c4a0-413f-bea5-0c166267b8c6 |
1ytxqo | Why do we get drunk, when we drink alcohol? | Alcohol is a friendly guy. He loves to hug things, like your brain cells. When you drink a lot of alcohol your brain winds up being too busy hugging alcohol to work right. Alcohol is also a very thirsty guy. That's why you wake up dehydrated. | b5be6d85-28ad-4547-b5b4-dd0534837075 |
1roa3z | How does electrical current "know" which path offers the least resistance? | They don't. Electrons follow the path of least resistance in the same way that water flows downhill. The electrons do not act collectively, each individual electron is driven away from other electrons, and driven toward positive charges. The collective result is well described by the statement that they follow the path of least resistence. | 3f732e6a-0c04-4d52-8465-2a41c79de9eb |
2chb4u | how do actors do smoking scenes? | They often smoke herbal cigarettes that don't contain tobacco _URL_0_ | a136efa9-7acb-4433-95ac-2ff7e367fae2 |
427iin | Why is air generally colder in the upper atmosphere, even though hot air rises, and it receives more direct sunlight? | Air pressure is equal to the weight of all the air above in the atmosphere, so it decreases with altitude. Therefore when hot air rises, its pressure decreases and it expands and gets colder.
The reason why it cools down is hard to explain without using math, but it's the same as when you open a compressed air bottle for example. (The math is based on the assumptions that there is no heat exchanged with the rest of the atmosphere and that the transformation is reversible, so the entropy is constant).
Since in the troposphere (lower part of the atmosphere, below approximately 10000 m) air moves a lot with weather phenomenons, it gets colder with increasing altitude. This is not the case above (in the stratosphere) as this layer is stable and heat conduction makes the temperature close to constant. | 71d1ac92-717e-47d6-81c2-efb3408437ed |
65ubl2 | Who decides if art is 'good' and what it's worth? | Usually it's based on the body of work of the artist.
For example, by the end of his work life Joan Miró was placing a single stripe of paint on a canvas and these are very prized even though *anybody* could place a stripe of paint on a canvas.
Like he'd stare at the canvas for a while and then in one fluid movement put a single stroke down and he'd love it and everyone else would love it.
This is because he spent his whole life evolving from being a talented painter that you'd probably call "normal" (i.e. he made pretty pictures with paint) to becoming a more and more abstract painter.
He kept reducing the complexity of his forms to see how to express emotions and form in an ever increasingly abstract way so that after decades of doing this he had developed a kind of language of form that was uniquely his.
So if you're aware of his progression and have an understanding of how to "read" his abstraction you can see how his single stripe of paint has meaning and is different and special compared to a stupid stripe of paint that just *anyone* could do. | 5c46a258-5545-456b-84cf-ff7ae1095887 |
2s4xiu | How are we able to type fast without thinking about the key placement, yet probably wouldn't be able to recollect where the keys are without a keyboard | Muscle memory versus actual memorization. They are stored differently than regular learned memories. Therefore accessed differently. Which is why when you need a key you very seldom use you still look. | abd28af2-a4f9-4683-bb6a-a6e36aea5fec |
4nl6ax | The difference between republican and democrat and what they believe in. | Put very broadly, and recognizing that there are a lot of variations within the parties, Republicans are the "conservative" party and Democrats are the "liberal" or "progressive" party. In terms of actual policy positions, Republicans tend to be in favor of smaller government involvement in the economy, a larger and more active military, and more regulation of personal behavior in order to comport with traditional morality. Democrats tend to be in favor of more government involvement in the economy, a smaller military that is used more sparingly around the world, and adopting programs that help people to be/do what makes them happy regardless of any external moral view.
Those are *very broad* statements that are missing a lot of nuance, and there are certainly people in each party who don't match up. But as a general understanding, that's it.
EDIT TO ADD: Also keep in mind that the United States as a whole is generally more conservative than most of western Europe, Canada, Japan, and other countries we compare ourselves too. What that means is that a standard Democrat in America holds policy views that are oftentimes closer to the policy views of a more conservative party elsewhere. | d774a7b0-e54e-4432-a98f-e699db179d61 |
qtq6c | Why do we shake our hands after we punch things? | I would like to venture a guess on this. I think it's a response to some pain or itching signals coming from the nerves in your hand, a very common after effect of punching something solid. The reason we scratch an itch is because it creates a small amount of pain (scratch anywhere that doesn't itch to see that it hurts a little), and pain signals get priority over the itching signals on your nerve pathways, which is an evolutionary trait that many animals share, presumably because someone who is more aware of pain signals than other nerve signals is more likely to treat injuries, and protect themselves and therefore more likely to survive and reproduce. It's just a guess but perhaps the shaking disrupts or overrides some of those pain signals for similar reasons (you need to know it hurts of course, but if you still haven't gotten away from danger you still need your muscles to work, so exerting a lot of force on the muscles in that region of the body will tell your brain to ignore the pain signals for the moment so that you can still use the body part in question). | c240f44d-b7ee-46f3-bc35-6169e0258d4e |
5n6nn0 | How can such a huge company, like yahoo, afford to rebrand themselves after becoming so prominent under their current brand? | simple answer... they cant afford not to.
yahoo is not a sustainable business, as proven by years of losses and failed remedies.
they need cash, and if selling the yahoo brand to verizon provides that cash, so be it. Just as sears recently sold craftsman to black and decker.
chances are yahoo is positioning to turn out the lights anyway, so I am not sure if there are any legitimate plans to actually sustain the remainco/altaba name. | bc344b01-52f0-4aa7-830e-671df382c9f3 |
2tx3b6 | How did J. R. R. Tolkien invent his elvish language? | He was a linguist who was very talented and very imaginative. | c47d8aad-4750-484c-8faf-d8dd569c27cf |
4zwjac | If you flew a spacecraft into a gas planet, would you go straight through it or would you hit some form of ground? | That's pretty much why we've sent Juno up to Jupiter; I understand that it's going to be firing some kind of radar through the atmosphere to see what reflections come back.
There are also theories that due to the extreme pressure, the core may contain phase 5 hydrogen, a state in which it forms into a metallic structure.
_URL_0_ | fb115290-a728-4f0f-a068-d5510d6477d0 |
5qgwgr | How have we come so far with visual technology like 4k and 8k screens but a phone call still sounds like am radio? | The reason phone calls don't have perfect audio has all to do with three things.
* Bandwidth
* Physical medium of the delivery technology
* The codec used
They are all closely related.
If you think of a data connection as a water pipe, there is only so much data that can be passed down the connection, just like a water pipe can only carry so many gallons of water a second.
If you make the water pipe bigger, the pipe can carry more gallons a second and deliver more water faster to its source. This is broadly comparable to using better connectivity for our data connections. For example fibre optic cable can carry much more data a lot faster than the copper cables that are used to connect most of our homes.
To that end, when a phone conversation is initiated between two people, the sound of the voices from each party is in fact, a data connection that gets converted into an analogue frequency. Now uncompressed audio takes up a lot of space and can be slow to transfer, so to reduce it down to something more manageable, phone systems use something called a CODEC (en*CO*de/*DEC*ode) that basically analyses the audio, and throws out the bits of data that it thinks is not relevant to the clarity of the conversation. The more data it throws out, the more "AM Radio" the conversation sounds.
The standard codec used by most public telephone systems (Generally known as the "PSTN" to phone engineers or "Public Switched Telephone Network") is something called U-LAW. Europe uses a variation of it called A-LAW. It allows 64Kbp/s of data for each way of the conversation (So 128Kbp/s total). It's been around since the 70's and is fairly embedded into most phone systems. It also closely matched and fitted the best data rate offered by twisted copper connections that where used at the time (And predominantly still are).
The days of the "AM radio" phone call are coming to an end though, if quite slowly.
Many new codecs have been developed alongside newer communications technology since the 70's that allow for greater clarity in a phone conversation. They do this by improved methods of packing in the audio data and more sophisticated ways of deciding what parts of the audio need to be thrown away and what needs to be kept. Some are even able to do this using a smaller transfer speed than the U-LAW codec. Most of these improved quality codecs are referred to as wideband codecs or "HD audio". This has come about with the rise of a technology called VOIP or "Voice Over IP" which is basically a phone system that utilizes the same technology that underpins the internet (TCP/IP) to deliver an all digital phone service.
One of the most popular codecs used by internal phone systems of companies/organizations (Which is sometimes referred to as a PBX or Private Branch Exchange) is a codec called G722. The difference in audio quality between G722 and U-LAW is like night and day.
Cellular technology is also catching up on the wideband conversation game. Indeed many mobile carriers are offering wideband calls between users on the same network. This uses a codec called AMR-WB. It's generally predicted within ten years or so wideband audio for mobile phone calls will become the norm **where supported**.
I emphasise that "Where supported" bit because like most communication methods, a phone call has to negotiate down to the level of the lowest offering. So if a phone conversation is initiated between two phone systems, one side tries to use a wideband codec like G722 and the other side only supports U-LAW, then both phones will use U-LAW and the conversation will return to the "AM Radio" quality for both callers. | ecfb2ed4-84e5-4afe-badf-9903ba0f306f |
3ionvu | Why are there different sockets on motherboard for CPUs? Why isn't there a universal socket to fit all CPUs? | Part of it forces you to upgrade your entire computer at a certain points and part of it is due to compatibility.
As for the compatibility part, when a socket is designed it has certain features they are trying to support, DDR2, PCI-E 2.0, Sata 2.0, ect. In the future this same design may not work for newer features such as PCI-E 3.0, DDR3, Sata 3.0 ect. If you look at the AMD side where they have used the same AM3 socket for their high end chips, it's due to them not supporting all of the latest features. | 41b11a88-e00a-4c3c-be14-de2ce7237c03 |
58cefs | Why is it that after a full meal, when I can't eat any more, I somehow make more space for a dessert? | there are probably two parts to this:
- there was a study that found that we want variety when we eat. We evolved in a way that our body needs several kinds of minerals and nutrients. In order to incentivize us to get them, the body tells us "this is enough" after eating a large portion of one food, but as soon as we see another, it says "hey, I could use some of that". In the study they tried it with smarties/M & Ms: People ate the yellow (or whatever) ones until they couldnt anymore, but when presented with green (any other colour) ones, they had no trouble eating more of them.
- you know about the delight the sugar brings you and view desert as a reward of some kind | d8884cac-a7e7-426e-b98f-ad386ce2dc4f |
5vg8u9 | Why is that computers connect to just one wifi connection and not multiple ones at the same time? | Wifi cards only have one tuner and transmitter, think of it like a standard radio. You cant tune to 2 stations at the same time, a transmitter can only transmit on one station at a time as well. | 6a04213c-503b-4ab4-acad-0d8419005b67 |
21379d | What causes the eyes to close and feel natural when sleepy, but unnatural and difficult to keep closed when fully awake? | I don't think I have this wants to spring open when awake thing. | 87ccdd27-4878-4920-b132-46e1066da04a |
29wxwq | why is it called lake michigan and not michigan sea? lake superior and not superior sea? | Geologically speaking, altitude. 200' above present sea level is, by definition, always a lake.
Inland seas are low enough that at maximum sea level (when there is no ice) they are part of the ocean. But during an ice age (like now, we have some ice but not a lot), sea level falls enough that inland seas become independent bodies of water.
Lake Superior is 600' above present sea level, Lake Ontario is 246'. Lake Bonneville was a salt lake with a shore at 5100'. Once upon 17,000 years ago, [it burst through Red Rock Pass and flooded the Snake](_URL_0_); it's now Great Salt Lake, elevation 1200'.
Seas are places like the Dead Sea is at −1,401', Caspian Sea −92' and Persian Gulf (currently part of the ocean). | a564d223-633d-46a4-8a1a-158ff1536128 |
22pqfr | What goes on at a landfill aside from just burying the trash? | Depending on the kind of operation, you might get recycling/sorting operations, to divert metal and other non-degradables from the heap. There are trash burning operations, where it is used to fuel powerplants, but this is fairly uncommon.
Otherwise, you don't really bury the trash, except under more trash, until the end, when it'll be capped over with dirt and plastic, then eventually made into something really counterintuitive like a public park. | 4080b3f3-eeec-47c7-87b3-a8f95346cfe6 |
6n4p9t | If lightning is very short, how does it create a long continuous sound as thunder? | In addition to what others have said, while the *event* of lightning can be very short, the actual bolt itself, can be several miles in length.
While this distance is pretty insignificant in terms of the speed of light, it *is* significant in terms of the speed of sound. So not only do you have multiple reverberations, and echos off the surrounding landscape, but additionally, the initial sound does not reach you all at the same time. | 268a025e-30df-44ad-b51e-5ad32ec9b553 |
yeslq | Why does my air mattress always go flat after I use it? | You know when you lay on your arm too long and you get that 'pins and needles' feeling? That's not just a feeling. Your body hair really turns to pins and needles.
Now, in a regular polyester-fill mattress, this is no problem. But in an air mattress, you compromise the integrity of the mattress over time.
This is why water beds are never as cool as you think they are. | 54923aef-645d-4fae-8bce-5a5bff4b6964 |
1wf8cf | What are the sparks for? Space Shuttle Launch | From NASA website: the sparks are used to burn up any hydrogen that may have been leaked from the engines/tanks. If they didn't do this, there was a chance that a pocket of leaked hydrogen would blow up when the engines started. | faa19303-84fe-40db-8e73-16709fedc070 |
2er989 | Does space go on forever or is there an end? | Current models suggest that space is infinite in extent, and that the universe essentially goes forever in any direction. The most popular model is called the [Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) ](_URL_0_) model, which suggests that the universe is infinite and flat, based largely upon the data that the universe appears isotropic and homogeneous in all directions.
What this essentially means is it is thought to have no boundaries/edges, and parallel lines can go through space indefinitely and will never cross (space doesn't have a curvature).
However, there as of yet does not exist an experiment that can conclusively prove this to be the case. But it is consistent with our current measurements. | 856f9bcc-847e-4f9f-b503-1c0dbc40aaa6 |
6abcgv | Why do we have so little control over our bodies? | You evolved from creatures that developed random solutions to problems that may or may not have actually been good solutions. All that mattered for the solution to become prevalent was wether or not it made the creature more likely to reproduce. You will notice that cancer is very rare among individuals who are younger than 60. It just so happens that people are also unlikely to be able to reproduce at that age as well. Because of this, it is very difficult for the evolutionary process to pressure organisms to develop traits that benefit them after they can no longer reproduce. This is called selection shadow.
Essentially, if it is not helping you reproduce, there is less pressure to adapt the trait. Cancer and most conditions which kill us are rare when we are young, therefore our susceptibility to them in our older age does not negatively impact our ability to reproduce when we still can. Evolution is more concerned with how many times you can reproduce than how long you will live. We do happen to care more about how long we can live though. We also have evolved the ability to develop genetic engineering and can maybe one day absolve ourselves of our mortality. Maybe that's kind of a freakish demonstration of extended phenotype? | 62880870-df19-46ec-905e-48b9ec2eaa28 |
2158me | Why is restoring a painting acceptable/preferred? | There's still some debate over what is and isn't preferred when restoring something. With some antiques people insists that the patina of dirt is important. With some art people insist that any parts replaced should be done so that they give the impression of the original while clearly being different. But in some cases people feel that it's important to be able to experience the original.
The general rules are:
* Make any change reversible
* Don't do anything that would damage the original
* Don't invent things or fill in gaps unless you are sure what was there originally
Restoring a painting might involve:
* Attaching the painting to a second backing to fix and rips in the canvas from and to stop new ones from appearing
* Removing the existing dirt
* Applying a glue to secure any loose flecks of paint, or possibly filler to larger cracks
* Examining the paint flecks in detail to figure out what the original looked like
* Repainting the damaged sections carefully to match the colour, shine, and brush stroke direction (this is generally done with a tiny brush and a light watercolour paint)
* Mounting the painting in a new, or vintage, or restored frame
The glue and paint are always water based so they can be easily removed later if necessary. Also everything that touches the painting is selected so that it won't react with the painting (distilled water, canvas with a neutral pH, fish glues, etc.) | ea5f8118-b8a3-489b-a29d-068df8b1829b |
1k5vt5 | why listening to classical music is the most beneficial compared to other genres of music | Contrary to popular belief it doesn't make babies into geniuses, however [music in general effects brain chemistry and can be beneficial to you.](_URL_0_) | e7e04846-e606-4d57-a679-3d64cd6e2205 |
3kg94b | How can an object get partially into something and then not be able to get back out? e.g. getting stuck between railings | shape and compression. a cone or arrow shape could compress a bit and be pushed through but it would present a hard edge and would be difficult or impossible to pull through.
Think of [these things](_URL_0_) you can push them in but you can't pull them out without manually compressing them due to their shape. | 51ab471a-e82b-4144-bb70-dafdddce7bbe |
8b7u0u | If staring at screens for long periods of time doesn't cause nearsightedness (myopia), why has myopia increased from 10% to 41% of the US population in the last 30 years? | It’s not staring at screens that causes it, but a lack of exposure to sunlight and of staring into the mid-distance.
So if you spend a lot of your time staring at a screen but still get/look outside for an hour or two every day, your eyes get the full spectrum exposure and exercise they need.
Not much different than physical fitness really. | 0a79ae09-a6f1-419f-910a-b7e5c65df837 |
64vyw8 | Richter magnitude scale | It's a logarithmic scale measuring the energy released by an earthquake. Starts at 0, but is technically openended (thankfully, we've never had a 10.0 or higher). Each increase in the scale number indicates a 10x increase in the amount of energy released by the quake. A 5.0 is 10 times stronger than a 4.0. A 6.0 is 10 times stronger than the 5.0. | ef78e0e4-d54c-4a4b-80bf-96b511d0aa86 |
2lvoa8 | Time share scams | The basic idea is that instead of buying one vacation property that you only use for a week a year, you can split the cost of the house with 51 other people and SHARE the house in different TIME slices. This is fine in theory, but there are a number of problems with this. For one, you're probably not going to get assigned a week you would actually want to go on vacation. The prime weeks in July and June get snatched up almost immediately leaving you with time in March or October. There's also almost no resale value for timeshares which is one of the ways people justify high property costs. And that's not even touching on the general shadiness of people who sell timeshares who love their high pressure sales techniques and straight up lying about the cost and fees involved. | aef94749-82bc-4c70-a411-a3a69a2a2b96 |
3um9ah | ; Why did Blackberries stop being popular? | Blackberry was focused on the business market. Originally it was only a business that could justify the expense of a smart phone so the apps were focused on the concerns of businesses. Apple came along and decided that hardware prices have come down enough that justified a consumer level smart phone. Apple focused on the general public and their phones were successful. Very successful.
Blackberry stuck with the idea that there were going to be 2 markets, a business market and a general consumer market because business contract are very lucrative. The problem is that many business discovered that an Iphone more than met their needs and they switched. It's been very hard for Blackberry to switch gears and it's been a slow decline ever since. | ff750ed1-044c-4a80-8653-3d13cc42710d |
3o95xm | Why do children get leukemia more frequently than other types of cancers? | Most cancers are due in part to some external source, such as radiation (including from the sun) or carcinogenic compounds. Exposure to these carcinogens has a chance of producing mutated cells which are cancerous. Since exposure to some extent is unavoidable, it's simple mathematics that the longer you live, the more often you are exposed and the more likely you are to develop a form of cancer. Additionally, many cancers take some time before they develop into a medical problem. For the most part, it is unlikely that a child has lived long enough to develop cancer.
Leukemia is a cancer that is particularly influenced by hereditary factors, and is also fast-acting compared to certain other cancers. Hence it is both more likely to begin at a young age and to develop into a medical problem (which leads to diagnosis) while the person is still young, compared to other cancers.
But leukemia does not uniquely affect children; most cases of leukemia are in adults. It is just that children are comparatively less likely to have other cancers. | de478203-399a-40df-b3fe-54a7c3d802c1 |
7ylisu | Why is there hierarchy in our society? | Humans cannot exist alone. An alone primate is a dead primate. So, in pre-history, we lived in groups, whom we were mostly related to genetically, and went about obtaining resources required for caloric intake (eating food). Young men usually serves as the warriors and hunters (to prove their worth to the tribe), and in most tribal societies, children and women did the rest. The old and sick were sometimes left to die.
Eventually, we get better and better with doing this (think changing from picking berries to basic agriculture) so that more and more people are involved into the group, making it so that some of the people inside of the group don't just hunt or gather or farm, instead they can make decisions, provide religious roles, arbitrate disputes, and provide leadership.
A lot of times these leaders **edit- not necessarily _leaders_ per se** were older members that were useful. Old men who could arbitrate disputes and lead. Old women who knew certain skills.
This also goes into decision-making. The group needs a decisive voice to make decisions. Thoughts of "this outsider is bad, we should kill him," or "this outsider will be helpful, let's take him in." Are important decisions that still come up today. Think liberals and conservatives on the matter of refugees.
The above bits bring up some interesting points - Maybe our willingness to follow the authority of a police officer has something to do with our instinct to listen to the grandfathers in our group from pre-history? Maybe young men are still willing to fight in war because they still want to prove something to the "tribe?" And maybe our loyalty to our nations have something to do with loyalty to the group of people who were related to us?
Anyway, tl;dr people generally need leaders and orders to function well, so that's why we need leaders and a hierarchy. | d4e895e6-e0d1-4e20-9a91-257a240caa34 |
22cxcs | Why doesnt Harry destroy the third deathly hallow, the invisibility cloak? | He destroyed the stone because it drove people crazy, he destroyed the wand because it was used for harming others. The invisibility cloak didn't really cause any harms, and so he didn't see any reason to destroy it.
That being said, in the books he didn't destroy the elder wand, he placed it in Dumbledore's tomb, and when harry died a natural death the wands power would be broken.
He also didn't really destroy the stone, he just dropped it in the woods to be lost forever, and it seems like that's what happened. | c56cc0e9-7033-421f-8916-50a778a0dce8 |
7n6ydq | Why drug dealers would agree to be on those VICE shows | Journalistic integrity has existed throughout the centuries, protecting sources to get to the truth. Vice is offering anonymity to get the story.
Ego is what likely keeps the dealers willing to tell their story in disguise just to be on television. I imagine it appeals to the rush of the drug dealer lifestyle some people who thrive in that community come to expect and enjoy on some level. | c608ce7b-ef79-4531-a91d-e5ca4ea4b9e8 |
7saq2k | Hangovers are caused, in large part, be the diuretic effect of alcohol. Will eating salty foods (which, obviously, cause water retention) counteract the loss of fluids and reduce any hangover effects? | Yes, the extra salt will help you retain water in your system so you don't piss it all away (literally). This is why traditional pub food includes nuts, pretzels and pickles.
However, don't forget that you also need to drink more water than you want to. Too much salt and not enough water intake can make you feel just as dehydrated, if not moreso. And no, the ice in your scotch does not count as drinking water.
Edit cuz I wrote this shit out
Follow up in case you want to talk about this and not sound like a barbarian.
The component in salt that makes it important is sodium, this along with potassium are called electrolytes. They are the two primary chemicals that allow your neurons (type of cell in your body) to send signals to each other to do things like move muscles, keep your heart beating, regulate temperature, etc. This is why you need sodium, it is vital to literally everything your body does so when you run out, you've got a problem.
The next chemical we are talking about today is water. This makes up 60-80 percent of your body, it makes up the physical structure of your cells which will literally implode if you put them in a hypertonic (salty) liquid. Why do I bring this up? You need water, if you feel bad, drink some water before considering anything else. Now, if you have been munching down on salted nuts and pretzels, all of that sodium basically pulls water to itself because of osmotic pressure. Osmosis is very simple, but most people (American's at least) were taught it in a way that makes it sound more complicated than it is. Mention Osmotic pressure and electrolytes and your barbarian friends will rename you Eisenburg (because being barbarians they think Einstein and Heisenberg are the same dude.).
Now for the real sciency part; so alcohol makes you dehydrated. WTF, why does it do that? Yeah well theres these special neurons called chemoreceptors and once alcohol gets into the bloodstream, they signal to your brain and kidneys to let them know the livers about to get hit. This activates the renin-angiotensin system. Say it again REN-IN AN-GEE-OH-TEN-SIN. basically these two hormones, aldosterone and angiotensin control how your body holds or releases sodium. They do this because, like I said earlier, sodium attracts water. Who cares about that? well you do cuz the amount of water in your bloodstream controls the pressure. That pressure goes too high and you'll feel like shit (real high and maybe a stroke or something), too low and you pass out. Wow, kinda got off topic there. . .
So, memorize this rant and next time you're at the bar, use a cheap pick up line and just go straight into this rant, preferably with a Tennessee drawl and, um, I don't really know, but try it out bro. | 0fc4a6e7-9f3f-4000-8908-7d567204e193 |
8r7cms | Why do small flies congregate in small swarms in the same place night after night during spring/summer? | They are banging.
That is pretty much it. Flies swarm in order to mate, so you are basically running through a night club where everyone is DTF. | c8422de3-c122-48e5-a214-ea8eb6280099 |
3e5zgf | Why is travel so exhausting? | Travel in a vehicle is mentally stimulating. You are surrounded by noises and by other people. And it is slightly stressful because you have fairly little control over what is happening -- either because you're a passenger or because you're in traffic. (Note how much *less* tiring it is to travel if you're the driver and you're out on the open road.)
Also, often you were in a hurry just before boarding the vehicle, so you enter stressed. And once on board, you are unable to exercise, which is a great stress reliever. | f525e201-e29a-47e4-b014-3fbf96cd50e6 |
4q5rsu | The difference between hospice death and doctor assisted suicide | Hospice does not "overdose" a patient. They will provide patients with the means for comfort, whether through medication, repositioning, mouth care, etc. Medications like Morphine may suppress respiratory effort if administered irresponsibly, but the goal is comfort, not death. Hospice will often follow a patient for an extended period of time.
Physician assisted suicide is a one time event, and the goal is death.
Edit: Opioids, benzodiazepines, etc. prescribed in the context of hospice care are not administered with the intent of bringing the patient closer to death. The goal is comfort.
Edit: I don't claim any authority on this subject. I am a nurse in grad school with hospice experience. I'm sure there are far better answers than mine. It's a very heavy, very nuanced topic and difficult to summarily describe in an ELI5 posting. Suffice it to say, hospice follows and provides comfort without prolonging life. Physician assisted suicide ends life to avoid future suffering.
Edit: Hopefully my last edit. Removed "explicitly." | 8ebc005c-c22c-4f09-9c5c-06af0eba46ec |
7gfo16 | Linking verbs, object, complement | Most verbs describe an action; for example, "write" describes the action of setting words down on paper.
In a simple sentence like "Bill wrote a letter," there are three main parts:
1. *Bill* is the subject: he is the thing or (in this case) person doing the action;
2. *wrote* is the verb: it describes the action;
3. *a letter* is the object (or, more exactly, the direct object): it is the thing that is having the action done to it.
In English, it's easy to see which is the subject and which is the object: the subject usually comes before the verb, the object usually comes after the verb. In fact, English is an example of an "SVO language" for this reason.
Remember: the subject does the action; the object has the action done to it. For example:
* Jane likes hamburgers.
* We saw the movie.
* They have done their homework.
You don't always have to have an object, by the way. For example:
* I'm sleeping.
* She puked.
* He might faint.
Linking verbs are different. They don't describe actions at all: instead, they signal that the sentence is saying something about the subject. The subject is still before the verb; but *after* the verb is more information about the subject: the verb links the two things.
The most common linking verb is "to be". For example, "I am an Englishman" gives you some information about me -- it doesn't say anything about what I am *doing*. There's no action here: you can't say that the Englishman is "being been" by me. The verb "to be" simply links "I" and "an Englishman" with a big equals sign: "I = an Englishman."
Because there's no action, it doesn't make any sense to talk about an "object". Remember we said that the object is having the action done to it -- but that's not the case here, so we can't call it an object. Instead, we call it a "complement".
Other linking words include "seem" and "become":
* That seems legit.
* It became awkward.
How can we tell those are linking verbs? There's a test for that: if we simply replace the verb with the correct form of "to be", if it still makes sense, it's a linking verb:
* That is legit.
* It was awkward.
Compare that with:
* Jane likes hamburgers. - > Jane is hamburgers.
That makes no sense at all: "like" is *not* a linking verb.
There are several verbs that are sometimes action verbs and sometimes linking verbs. An example is "taste":
* That tastes good. - > That is good.
* He tasted the vodka. - > He was the vodka.
We can see that in the first sentence, "taste" is a linking verb because it describes the subject; in the second sentence, it's an action verb that describes the act of taking a sip and evaluating its flavour.
Similarly, "smell":
* That smells disgusting. - > That is disgusting. (linking verb)
* Wake up and smell the coffee. - > Wake up and be the coffee. (action verb)
Does this help? | abfd9caf-3e65-489e-aa01-5bdef252f05a |
36kwi7 | the expression "Clocks don't really measure time, they measure themselves." | Time exists and always has^ish and always will^mostly. It is not a construct of man but rather a universal condition. Before the clock was invented we had the sundial, which measured the movement of the sun accross the sky, not really time. When clocks were invented the attempted to keep pace with time but had to be reset every day at noon or else they would be off of local time. As clocks got better they were able to keep up with fewer errors, but we're not perfect. Now official time is kept by measuring the vibrations of a cesium atom, and a certain number of vibrations is defined as a second. So the expression is that clocks only measure different physical phenomena the we define as time, either the sun or vibrations, not time itself. A clock is only as good as its ability to keep up with time, and since most commercial clocks have errors they aren't at true time so they only measure them selves. | 3f7765a6-ca76-4adb-8113-e585bf2f49fd |
2doqac | What are birthmarks? What causes them? | It depends on the type of birthmark.
Something like a port wine stain:
_URL_0_
is actually an overgrowth of blood vessels that grow too much, and too close to the surface of the skin where they shouldn't be.
Something like a congenital nevus/giant mole:
_URL_1_
is an overgrowth of melanocytes, which are the cells in your skin that make melanin, which is a pigment that gives your skin its darker color. | ef3486ef-ef2e-4b06-a863-a53a6cd436a3 |
2whsdk | How come when you involuntarily blink you never notice, but when you realize and start blinking intentionally it's all you notice | Well... because you're thinking about it.
Same thing with the nose, it's always there but your brain ignores it. Once you realize this then it is noticeable. | b36abb30-ee96-4438-9ea6-b839981b3ae2 |
vlyj4 | Explain TRULY like I'm 5: What a default gateway and subnet mask is. | The "TRULY" has nothing to do in your question. A 5 year old does not need to be concerned with technical specifications of computer networks, so an answer such as "it's some of the stuff that computers use to talk to each other" would be appropriate for a 5 year old but probably wouldn't satisfy you.
So, like you're NOT TRULY a 5 year old, but still hopefully simplified:
All the addresses in a network will start with the same part of the IP, the same prefix. For example you can have a network where the IPs start with _URL_3_. The way to tell your network the length of the prefix is with the **network mask**. In this case the network mask would be 255.255.0.0 to indicate that the first two numbers cannot vary but the last two can.
To get a bit more technical, this is done in binary. If you have an IP like 192.168.5.43, in binary that is 11000000.10101000.00000101.00101011. If your mask is 255.255.0.0, in binary that is 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 (a mask is always a series of 1 on the left and a series of 0 on the right. It's only the place where the ones become zeroes that is important). Put them on top of each other and you have this:
11000000.10101000.00000101.00101011
11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000
The mask (second line) tells you that, wherever there is a 1, that's part of the prefix of your network, and wherever there is a 0, that's the address of a specific computer on this network.
Note that the mask can change from 1's to 0's in the middle of one of the four numbers, like this: 11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000. It makes it a little trickier, but I can explain that if you ask. Let's keep it simple for this explanation, and only deal with 255 or 0 in masks.
**A subnet** is when you divide a network into several sub networks. Let's take the network above (_URL_3_) and say we want to split it by office floor or something: _URL_0_ for the first floor, _URL_1_ for the second floor, etc. Each of these is a subnet.
**A subnet mask** is like a network mask, but for a subnet. So in the example above, the subnet mask for each floor is 255.255.255.0 because now only the last number can change, the first three are the prefix of that subnet.
**A default gateway** is the IP address of the router that will deal with IP's that are outside of a particular network. It is linked to the concept explained above, as you will see.
So, back to our building. Remember that the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 for each floor. Let's say the default gateway for the second floor's subnet is 192.168.2.1. For the whole building network, the mask is 255.255.0.0 and we'll set the default gateway to 192.168.0.1.
Now we have a specific machine on the second floor: 192.168.2.14.
* If this machine sends a message to 192.168.2.10, by applying the subnet mask you know you're in the same network, and the message will be sent directly to that address.
* If this machine sends a message to 192.168.1.12 (a computer on the first floor), by applying the subnet mask you know you are *not* in the same network, as you'd expect a 2 in third place. So you can't send it directly to the destination. What you do instead is send it to the default gateway of your network: 192.168.2.1. This gateway is also part of the whole building network. By applying the network mask of the whole building (255.255.0.0) we know the destination IP is in that network, and we can send the message on its merry way to the subnetwork on the first floor.
* If the source machine sends a message to 173.194.34.0 (_URL_2_), by applying the subnet mask, we know we are not in the right network, so we send the message to the default gateway: 192.168.2.1. That gateway will apply the network mask for the whole building, and will know we are still not in the right network, so it will forward the message to the default gateway for the whole network: 192.168.0.1. This default gateway will recognize the address as an internet address and sends it to the internet connection on its way to the Google address.
**tl;dr:** A subnet mask is a way to say what part of an IP is the prefix of the subnet. A default gateway is a machine that deals with all IPs that are outside of the range of the network or subnet. | 15be6378-f15f-4fc6-92ae-c0a6f4499499 |
73l5at | Is it normal for a person to regularly fantasize about killing people? What causes it? | I'm not sure "fantasise" is the right word here, but many people randomly daydream about doing bad things and about bad things happening so that your mind subconciously checks that it is bad and should be avoided. There was a recent ELI5 about it which I will link if I find.
If you do mean "fantasise" as in killing people is something you seriously desire, then you might have a problem. I'm not an expert, but there's a line somewhere between "it would be funny if threw that guy out the window in my head" and "I truly want to kill everyone around me with a serrated knife and bathe in their blood". If your thoughts are genuinely aggressive, then it might not be normal. | 87c6d1ee-ddf6-42ff-a951-892b7bc28c34 |
2cq4nr | Why are people saying that the Ebola Virus is not as transmittable as suggested? | ~~A lot of diseases can survive in the air or on surfaces for long periods of time.~~
~~Ebola can't. Unless you directly get some of an infected person's bodily fluids inside you, you're extremely unlikely to contract it.~~
~~So while Ebola is super deadly, it's not really all that contagious, when compared to most other viruses we worry about.~~
It would appear I'm wrong about this (thanks /u/zombieJesus27); Ebola actually *can* survive on surfaces.
Upon further reading though, I still think zombieJesus may have slightly overstated his case. Yes, it's true that Ebola doesn't insta-die when you take it outside of the body (although it still cannot survive in air), but it *is* meaningfully less virulent than the sort of virus we'd be really worried about spreading like crazy through a sanitary first world country.
Bottom line: don't worry too much. But also don't spread misinformation like I accidentally did earlier. | fd490b20-7ca6-4a39-981a-075f77d27af1 |
7vc71o | What would happen to an object travelling at a great speed(ie: Hyperloop) in a vacuum if it were to suddenly enter the atmosphere? | You don't really need to wonder.... This is basically what happens to meteors and re-entering spacecraft. Massive heat (from atmospheric compression, not friction) and the violent destruction of the object (unless it's designed to deal with this via a heat shield or something). | c456b206-ecad-4958-b4d4-1b7e78c40c10 |
3yvp1w | Child Porn stipulations | I think, it's more illegal because no matter what, the child is a victim. There's no consent and they can't know better at that age.
As weird and creepy as it is, a drawn nude child is fictional if it just comes from the mind. There's no real victim here, granted if it's not sketched from a previous seen picture of a child in those situations.
That's my best guess and not a citable answer. | 5f7eef79-b69a-479d-82a1-d0de2b2ad7c4 |
66hq6z | Not trying to be racist, but why do the majority of countries have white, skinny and tall women as the beauty standard despite having very few people being actually like them? | A history of colonialism establishes cultural norms in places.
In some places, there is some evidence that things like lighter skin were considered attractive due to that being a symbol of wealth (similar to fatness being a symbol of wealth and being able to afford food), but things like stereotypical European features (thin noses, blue eyes, blonde hair) were pushed as attractive due to colonialism. | 798fbe65-3f14-430f-9f90-0785d6455931 |
1ycc44 | Why do americans love pickup trucks so much ? | Part of it, is that the US doesn't pay as much for fuel as many European/Scandinavian countries. On average, we pay about half of what you do for fuel. Therefore, having a utility vehicle that gets poor gas mileage is not as big of a luxury as you might think.
Trucks are useful. Many of my relatives are tradesmen and use their vehicles to haul buidling materials and tools. Many people are avid hunters too. A large truck bed is ideal for putting a deer in.
Also our public transit is dismal in many parts of our country. We heavily rely on our vehicles for basic tasks and transport.
_URL_0_ | af039e0d-ff29-4f37-9572-09541cea4c69 |
5jwm1e | Why do reflections still have 'depth' so that our eyes have to focus on objects near and far, even though the reflective surface is flat? | Reflection is caused by light bouncing off of a surface. So you're not focusing on the surface itself, but on the things being reflected off that surface, which can be varying distances away. | f2b62681-13c0-43b9-9392-68a376c37ea6 |
70zq37 | Why are some foods "acquired tastes" and how do people eventually like them? | For one thing, both our [sense of smell](_URL_2_) and our [taste buds change](_URL_3_) as we age. You are basically a lot more sensitive to strong tastes when you are young. So kids have 30,000 taste buds and often hate strong flavors like garlic. By the time you're an adult you have about a third that number and flavors like garlic are not as strong.
Interestingly, I remember reading an article that people build capsacin tolerance (the oil in chilis) with repeated exposure. But apparently [that's wrong](_URL_0_). People who like hot foods just like the pain. There hasn't been a lot of research on it. They think it comes down to culture and personality.
But none of that accounts for people just getting used to something nasty like [natto](_URL_1_). I don't know if there's an answer to that. | 8b2370f2-11a4-49c0-9f94-b9c942f7a680 |
1yralt | Claiming tips from deliveries at work. | You have to claim ALL income, regardless of source (tips, wages, etc) for tax purposes. You should try to claim as little as possible so that you are not taxed on that additional income, its technically illegal to do so, but its standard practice to claim little (or no) tips as income in many service jobs. | 4bba8629-fd98-416c-9e4a-3e5d7e0130ab |
699lg1 | Why do broken noses bleed so much? | Our noses serve to humidify the air we breathe before it reaches our lower airways. In order to do this, structures called turbinates project from the side walls of the nasal cavity to increase the surface area for which the air will come into contact. The walls of the cavity are extremely vascular in order to transfer heat and liquid to the air to humidify it. Being that they are very vascular you can imagine that a broken nose will sever many vessels and cause a large bleed.
There is another advantage to the nose being very vascular and that is medication is often delivered in the nasal cavity because it reaches the blood stream quickly. The medication crosses into the vessels in the nose and within seconds it will be in the systemic circulation. | f452e942-f346-44b4-a13e-49aec7432360 |
5qaurn | Why is abortion so heavily regulated by the government? | Many people believe that abortion is morally equivalent to murder, or at least a form of murder.
As a result, they advocate policies that they believe will reduce the number of these acts or punish the people who conduct them.
The reason it seems like there is so much government involvement is because a large number of people disagree with that sentiment. This isn't the case with things like, say, murder or even the use of hard drugs. As a result there are far more areas where the groups come into conflict when it comes to policy, so you see it more. | 581fb148-f2bc-453d-bff0-577516345c7b |
3a1boo | How do they accurately measure the movement of a mountain? Everest moved 3cm. after the earthquake. Relative to what? | With topographical maps, GPS positioning, and satellite imagery; you can easily compare and contrast what the data says today with what it said with previous bits of data years ago. | 74d8e056-eddc-4fba-988d-2f86b3329d75 |
7nsuw7 | Lets say the President tries to push his big red button, what happens next? | If anything in your question happened, it would create a constitutional crisis, so there's now way to predict how it would shake out, but here's what we do know.
The president is the only person authorized to use nuclear weapons, and do so any any time for any reason, but this order must be seconded by the Secretary of Defense (SECDEF). The SECDEF could refuse to sign off, but the president could then fire him or her on the spot and direct the deputy SECDEF, who would then be the acting SECDEF, to sign off. If the deputy SECDEF refused, the President could theoretically fire him or her as well, and continue on down the line until he found someone willing to sign off.
Assuming the SECDEF signs off, the order then gets passed on by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff to the missile silos, submarines, and airbases. Now anyone in this chain (the silo crews, submarine crews, bomber pilots...etc) could refuse to carry out this order, but they can all be immediately replaced with someone who will. Refusing to carry out lawful orders is a huge crime, but whether those orders are lawful or not would have to be decided later. If there's a mass refusal to carry out orders, there's no telling if anyone would face charges or not.
So what happens if there's a mass refusal to carry out orders? Again, this would be a constitutional crisis of unprecedented scale, so it's hard to say. All bets are probably off, but the most likely scenario is that the Vice President and the cabinet would avail themselves of section 4 of the 25th amendment which allows the VP and the majority of the cabinet to declare the president unfit for office and remove him from power temporarily, thus making the Vice President acting president. | ae2df859-07fb-4c5d-b10f-8858a6828c3d |
jv9ci | Both entropy and inertia (in physics). | Entropy: Your mom tells you to clean your room every day. She had to go on a business trip so you stopped cleaning your room this week. It starts getting messy and messier and finally looks like a storm blew through it. You stopped putting energy into cleaning your room so it became a mess. Entropy states that without putting energy into existence, existence has a tendency to move toward being less ordered, the same as it takes energy from you to keep your work clean.
Inertia: If you have a big rock, it takes a lot of work to push it. If it's rolling down a hill, it takes a lot of energy to stop it. Inertia means that something that's moving wants to keep moving, something that's at a stand-still wants to stay still. | c1807379-fea5-4939-959e-970cf03aea8a |
16y28f | Drifting | Drifting came about as a reaction to loose surfaces on rallye circuits. A rear wheel drive car would drift excessively so they started playing around with all wheel drive to get more traction. When you're operating on loose surfaces it always seems more comforting to have your nose pointed where you want to go (might just be a universal human preference) so Rallye cars are still designed to drive with the rear end kicked out sideways. It's also worth noting that many rally cars give the driver the option to vary power to the front and rear wheels ( I think Ken Block's ebrake handle is really a transfer case bias selector) so they can apply more power to the rear when going in a straight line. An F1 car should have a perfect 50/50 weight distribution and it relies on its glue like grip to the road to get it around corners. Since drifting requires the rear wheels to slip, drifting an F1 car could be disastrous, once the rear wheels slipped, they would slip wildly out of control.
Don't forget, drifting is fun and it looks cool, which means its a great spectator sport. You can try it yourself with a rear wheel drive car and a large gravel parking lot. | 1cf9da45-cf10-4360-9392-4e61afa9ea4a |
zh17d | Why is the task of investigating fraud/counterfeiting given to the Secret Service? | Because that was mainly why the were created in the beginning, see the [history of the Secret Service](_URL_0_)
> 1865 - The Secret Service Division was created on July 5, 1865 in Washington, D.C., to suppress counterfeit currency. Chief William P. Wood was sworn in by Secretary of the Treasury Hugh McCulloch.
> 1867 - Secret Service responsibilities were broadened to include "detecting persons perpetrating frauds against the government." This appropriation resulted in investigations into the Ku Klux Klan, non-conforming distillers, smugglers, mail robbers, land frauds, and a number of other infractions against the federal laws. | fe97c5ee-ff5b-4dbd-bec3-6e054d3b0aab |
2748pp | Why is it almost impossible to balance on two wheels on a bike, but once you start moving forward it becomes so much easier? | Holy shit, ~~everyone at the top of this thread is wrong.~~
Balancing on a bike is **not not not** because of gyroscopic effects from the wheels!
It's from the centrifugal force (or really centripetal acceleration) of turning the wheel.
When you're going along on a bicycle and you start to tilt and fall to the left, you naturally turn the wheel to the left, at which point the bike needs to experience a centripetal acceleration inward into the turn. That's coming from the ground, due to friction with the tires. The ground pushes the bottom of your bike to the left, inward, and the rest of your bike rotates by exactly the right amount to correct your fall and continue you balancing on the two wheels. It's like at a NASCAR race. The reason those curved areas of the track curve upward is so that **gravity** can help out in the centripetal acceleration the car needs to undergo as it turns. Obviously the opposite works when you fall to the right.
Now, this may strike you as difficult to get exactly right. *You'd be correct*. That's why we call it **LEARNING TO RIDE A BIKE**. They're learning to correct their falling by turning into the fall. That's what "riding a bike" really is.
All this nonsense is about gyroscopes is 99% bullshit and needs to stop. You want to prove me wrong? Here's an easy way: Weld the handlebars of a bike to the frame, then try to ride it. After you fall down twelve times it'll become clear the gyroscopic component keeping you upright is grossly inadequate and is NOT what's keeping you from falling down. You want more proof? Try turning the steering wheel around 180 degrees and trying to ride the bike. It's a lot harder because it's contrary to *the way you learned to ride a bike*.
Here's here's some proof:
_URL_1_
_URL_0_ | 9c2fb26a-b860-457a-8cec-345147c95ff9 |
5z3ajv | Ambeint occlusion | Ambient occlusion tries to simulate the "dark corners" of a scene.
When you have a concave feature - meaning for example the corner of a room, or a small crack - the geometry shadows itself: light can enter the corner or crack only from a small angle.
This can be simulated with ray-tracing or approximated by simple [screen-space procedures](_URL_0_), which are mainly used in games.
It gives a more "realistic" lighting when compared to simple, local illumination, but without the huge computational overhead of full, global illumination, which takes into account interreflections and shadowing between all objects of a scene. | 4da84bee-69e0-49e0-bc6c-9167ce8ff224 |
5ihite | why are people always under an illusion that they are wasting their life ? | Humanity's ability to get itself to a position where all it's physical needs are satisfied and still want more is, imo, what made us the dominant species of the planet. That dissatisfaction keeps us reaching. It's sitting in a dry cave with a bellyful of meat and saying "okay but now what". | 594595c0-f0b7-4f79-8b06-e2ce2a054dca |
3vfut5 | What is Net Neutrality and why is it so important? | Net neutrality is the concept that an Internet Service Provider can't discriminate data you access via the internet. Its how the internet has worked for its entire existence so far.
For example Netflix hurts Comcast’s cable business. So they clamp down and make all streaming of netflix videos unwatchable for their customers. This is not even hypothetical both Comcast and Verizon did this and Netflix had to pay them to stop.
It could also manifest in “fast lanes” basically the service would limit speeds on your most frequently used websites let's say Facebook and Google and would ask you to pay them more to make those sites work faster for you.
If those both sound super shady and wrong than you are pro Net Neutrality. Now normally I would give you the other side but there is none. Net Neutrality is an utterly one sided topic and the only reason people are again it is because they stand to make money by slowing speeds and limiting certain kinds of data. | 842d4dd9-158f-45f2-8ce9-820bf6e774e8 |
1yxf4n | How does an X-Ray machine work? | It works like a camera. An X-ray "light" shines on the object and onto a digital sensor that reacts to X-rays just like a digital camera reacts to light. X-rays go through most things so you put the object between the X-Ray source and the sensor. | efc66e93-c3e9-42aa-a4ff-25bdf945aa5f |
2w0yyo | Why is it when you see pictures of fashion models on the runway, they're wearing something nobody in there right mind would wear? | Think of it more as a walking art installation. Instead of a crazy ass sculpture or a painting, it's a person walking around all decorated and shit. | c1d63ed9-f10a-458b-8576-0430c7b8b9a0 |
83gii1 | Why can little kids squat on their haunches, but most adults cant? | Practice. Adults who regularly do it can still do it well into their older years. In fact, squatting on the haunches is a pretty common sitting style around the world.
Wear and tear does eventually take its toll, but for most people it's atrophy and loss of flexibility due to inactivity that's playing the larger role. | 043afe04-af17-4d90-bc15-cd5fe837cb63 |
4mc6yz | When boiling a pot of water for cooking, why should you start with cold water instead of hot? | Cold water is less likely to contain lead from pipes and legionella bacteria from your hot water heater. Hot water boils faster, though( I'm not sure how this is a myth other than in some conditions hot water freezes faster than cold, and so people think the opposite could be true) | 41976ed0-dc20-48b2-a185-85c07b008e13 |
6e4w7w | why does guacamole last longer when you keep the avocado seed in the guacamole? | I've never heard of that, but it sounds like a folk tale, and not fact. Do you have some link which indicates that this is true, and not just something you've heard before?
_URL_0_
> So how does leaving the pits in the bowl mitigate this process? It is not because the pits exude an ineffable, protective aura that reminds the guacamole where it came from, or because they emit chemicals that counteract the oxidation process. As anyone who’s tried the method can attest, the pits are really effective at preventing browning only on the part of the guacamole’s surface they touch.
> The pit protects the guac simply because it shields a portion of the dip’s surface from exposure to air. You'd be just as well off plopping a few hardboiled eggs or some golf balls or an iPhone into your guacamole.
> Recommending that someone leave the pits in a bowl of guacamole to prevent browning is a bit like recommending that people cover their heads tightly with their hands to prevent their hair from getting wet in a rainstorm. It would help, but not as much as an umbrella. For guacamole, the best umbrella seems to be plastic wrap tamped down snugly to the surface of the dip, to limit as much oxygen exposure as possible.
> If you prefer to attack the enzyme instead of the air, adding lemon or lime juice – ingredients many guacamole recipes already call for – also will delay browning. The citrus fruits’ relatively high acidity, along with their natural antioxidants and high vitamin C content, helps handicap PPO-driven oxidation.
> Better yet, use lemon juice, avocado pits and plastic wrap. Or just eat it really quickly. | 9a45b2f0-eb96-4691-bdb6-de692bc94be0 |
2xmmqv | How can we still see thumbnails for images that are no longer available? | Say you want to view 1 reddit page with 10 thumbnails from imgur on it. To create the thumbnails, you need to load the images from imgur first, then resize/crop accordingly.
Reddit can go to imgur every time someone accesses that 1 page. Wait for the 10 imgur links to load, do the cropping process and then show them to you. But that takes a lot of time and mostly depends on imgur and not reddit.
Instead, when someone posts the links, Reddit generates its own set of 10 images *once* and then shows you those every time.
If the imgur links are deleted, the reddit thumbnails still remain. | cbf55a39-e203-4226-8da5-d0de7017d835 |
3dj2pr | Why is it important to preserve traditions? | There are actually a few potential answers to this question.
Also, to give a more complete answer. It should be noted that the idea that it's important is a *claim* and not necessarily true at all.
So the answer will depend on who is making the claim, and why the claim is being made.
Firstly the question could mean two things.
It could mean to ask why it's important to not let traditions die.
Or it could mean to ask why it's viewed as important to continue doing things the way your ancestors have.
The two questions have different answers obviously.
If it's the first question then the answer would be that when cultural knowledge dies there is unique human knowledge lost. It would generally be considered preferable to always *increase* knowledge. So a loss would be a bad thing.
If you mean to ask the second question, then the answer is not so simple.
But there are at least a couple of easy answers to give to the question. Albeit they are simplistic and maybe not too satisfying.
First is that it's worked in the past. Kind of an "If it aint broke..." kind of idea. Which is an answer that at least makes a little sense, but I really don't think it's the answer.
Second is that it preserves a person's group cohesion. Be it at the level of family tradition or nations. Much of living in groups involves defining that group as compared to different groups. Traditions help to do that.
Lastly, and maybe more to the point. The people who want the traditions preserved are usually the people who have been living them the longest. It's the older generations. That's partly habit. It partly because older people tend to be a lot more conservative
It's also partly that a rejection of their traditions is a sign that their life is waning and their way of life antiquated.
So there are really a lot of things going on there.
One really needs to look at the person who is claiming that it *is* important to get a good idea of what's really happening in that claim. | 530c8123-74d4-44a1-9f85-2064604e5b92 |
17932c | Why do things take "4-6 weeks" to ship? | This is not always the case, but especially with infomercial trinkets, it's not uncommon for the products you're buying not to even be manufactured yet. By allowing long lead times, the seller can gauge response and manufacture just enough to meet demand. | 87322cc1-ce68-4af3-b39b-b41d4b52391e |
80l0l8 | how are people able to track hackers ie: where they are, who they are, etc | This is part of digital forensics and is kind of like asking 'how do you know that this person murdered this other person without actually witnessing it?'.
You can narrow hacking down to
1) Physical access - someone having access to the machine in order to clone the data to another device or crack it at the location
2) Remote access - someone able to crack into a device via logging in from another location. The password can be cracked by acting as a man-in-the-middle (think wiretapping) or hash-cracking, exploits, 0-days (think lock picking)
3) Exploiting bad code - bad sanitization (_URL_0_)
The way to track these people is by taking advantage of how they use the exploits and either de-anonymizing them via some method (comparing ISP logs with VPNs / other servers) or traditional methods (looking for motives and narrowing people down). If it is just one person this could be pretty hard to do, especially if there is no real motive except curiosity or mischief. If it is something bigger, the more people are involved, then the greater the chance you find someone who made a mistake, and the greater chance you catch someone who will talk (for a deal). | 5e351400-2a2b-4396-bd28-a51afecb48f0 |
1k9lj4 | Why can programs on my computer be completely unresponsive but pressing control+alt+delete is always instant? | This is because the program is stuck in some sort of loop, so sending commands to the program does not work.
Ctrl+alt+del sends an interrupt, which means that it tells windows to drop everything it's doing. Next windows will show the ctrl alt del menu.
This (generally) will not stop the program from being in the loop (ie it won't start working just because you pressed ctrl alt del) but it stops the computer from executing the program. Next you can just kill the task, which means that windows stops whatever the program was doing and closes the program. Downside is that you won't be able to save whatever was happening at that point (but since the program wasn't responding, that's no big deal). | f0dea0c3-f85f-4556-9bfb-ff253561f9fe |
65xa06 | How did recording on wax cylinders in the early Phonograph days work? | Recording on wax cylinders required a two needle machine, not the single needle player that most people had at home. The recording mechanism had a clockwork system to move the stylus along the cylinder in a long spiral. This could be played or used to make a master. To make a master, gold vapor was plated into the groves to make a reverse master. The brown wax cylinders people played were molded from this master. | 859b8d53-2fcf-407f-b6a8-0ca5314c30cb |
8hpoit | How come you can "feel" when someone is watching you? | You can't actually tell other than by looking at where other people are looking. Humans are social animals and we look around quite a bit to check where others are looking without really noticing. Only when we detect someone looking our way do we take note, sometimes thinking we somehow knew we were being observed. But when tested under controlled conditions that simply isn't true. | a4a2f44c-6a1c-4c49-9c5b-836e0822e326 |
24rd3r | What makes great paintings great? | To me, a great work of art is more than just something I perceive with my eyes. It is often thought provoking, and has the personality and psychology of the artist captured within it.
These popular paintings are "simply" (obviously you can read way more into them, but for this example I'll leave it like this) milestones for their eras. Such as Ansel Adams and the f/64 group or Diane Airbus with their work in photojournalism.
You mentioned impressionism, looking at artists like Manet/Monet you can see the slow shift from realism in painting (realistic, almost photographic image-like paintings) to impressionism (which captures the essence of the subject rather than completely accurate details).
If you ever have the chance to see impressionist paintings in person I suggest you go. The paintings of Monet are actually sculpture-like because the paint is so thick on the canvas. The art leaves an "impression" on the viewer. | 99f02524-a5dd-427c-938a-3986c1322a41 |
8kxojm | What determines how much spicy food someone can handle? Is it genetic? | You can build up a tolerance. Also helps if you were raised on it. I imagine genetics plays a part, too.
Plants evolved capsaicin because they needed their seeds spread far. Small mammals, lime mice, can't stand the spice and avoid it. However, birds don't feel the capsaicin and can eat and spread the seeds far away.
Then humans came along and we loved it. We took it and cultivated it all over the world. I'd say both we and the peppers win. | 81a7cd18-7061-4224-a26c-85d594468460 |
7itwv6 | If there was a pill that contained all the nutrients, vitamins, energy etc., would you still need to eat? | Yes. Because the calories you would need cannot be consumed in something as small as a pill. | 6b3307fe-5ae7-422b-b875-59ed4d0d897a |
68drp0 | Do heat-seeking missiles ever accidentally lock onto the sun? | Usually, a heat-seeking missile has been programmed to change its trajectory based on various things, and so it can usually tell if it's detecting the sun (or, for example, infrared light from the sun scattered off of clouds) or if it's detecting its actual intended target.
Compared to a person or a vehicle, the sun outputs a very obvious signal in infrared, since it's pretty much always going to be the same level of infrared light and in the same shape, provided it isn't getting partially obscured by things. If a missile simply ignores the brightest source of infrared light (or, if it's searching for super-heated jet engine outputs, ignores anything less bright than that) if it appears to be the size and intensity of the sun, it wouldn't be tricked by the sun.
Of course, it isn't always going to be perfect, and there are conditions where the missile will mistake various things for its target - clouds, heat from sandy ground, and so on. Better and better technology and imaging techniques helps to mitigate this. The most sophisticated heat-seeking missiles basically make an infrared image of the surroundings and analyze it.
Of course, even that isn't going to be perfect, yet. That's why we use "identify the pictures that have signs in them!" as ways to prove you're not a robot - computers are pretty bad at correctly interpreting visual data. | dbb88aa0-70be-4475-b4ef-8b6d56dd0556 |
41jzsh | Liability of Gun Manufactureres | If a firearms manufacturer intentionally produced weapons that were easy to modify to be an illegal firearm, it would make sense to want to be able to hold them legally liable if their product was involved in a crime, and the gun was modified illegally.
i.e. in the US civilian "assault rifles" are supposed to be single fire only. if a manufacturer of a particular assault rifle designed the gun in such a manner that any novice could convert it to fire full auto, that would be a problem. The company is absolutely morally liable if they know how easy it is to modify the weapons, and does nothing to prevent modification of future runs of the gun.
Now, why do people put up a fight about this? Making sure full auto assault rifles stay off the streets is a good thing. Continuing the full auto rifle example - Legally, please define "easy to modify" or "novice" for us, such that the specific intent of the legislation is realized, without it being abused to the point that its impossible to manufacture an assault rifle, or obscenely expensive to purchase due to the added costs of ensuring that it cannot be modified.
That gray area is a problem. Very, very, very few laws are ever written that do only what they were meant to do, with no potential for abuse of enforcement, or lack thereof because the law is so weak.
Still speaking hypothetically here:
Ban assault weapons outright then! Why? It's been done before, and it showed there was zero correlation between violent crime and assault weapons. Ban box magazines! Please define box magazines - oh well anything roughly box in shape capable of holding more than x rounds. Excellent! we just banned handgun magazines too!
i could go on, but i think the point is there - its a phenomenally complicated issue, full of unintended consequences for all but the more careful of actions. | 8a8a192a-5aac-4952-b118-1e8e8717a40b |
2crcx2 | What does a police officer have to do in order to receive a jail sentence? | No, if they were to do something undoubtedly criminal, they would receive jail time.
The thing is that most of the crimes that we see police committing are simply recklessness, negligence, excessive force, which are relatively minor things. Juries and Judges are more likely to let these go by with lower sentences, such as suspension or dismissal because things like police service are often seen as something which should allow punishment to be deducted.
There a hundred times where police have gone to prison, the only difference is that those police are generally involved with something more criminal than excessive force or as it's starting to be called "Police Douchebaggery" | 2493796f-912f-4c40-827a-b8f434d5fca6 |
23b6tc | What is the technology behind 3d printers? | Yes, it works layer by layer. The printer consists of a printing head that can squirt molten plastic and can move freely through the printer. The software turns a 3D model into tiny little horizontal slices, and the printer then squirts the plastic into that shape, layer by layer. Each layer is built upon the one below it. [Perhaps a video will illustrate it the best?](_URL_0_) The model in the video is split into .1 mm layers (about a 256th of an inch) and therefore is very detailed. | b0d39315-7641-4706-adb8-ef7fcb98599e |
8jkkfe | What happens if you don't agree to the new data policies the social networks keep telling you about in Europe? | If you don't agree, then according to their terms of service, you won't be allowed to continue using the service. But that clause is probably not enforceable in most jurisdictions.
However, after May 25th at the latest, social media websites with a presence inside the EU will, *by law*, be required to collect and process data according to the new rules. That will be required of them whether you consent or not. It's only the fact that this in some cases will mean changes to the site's policies and terms that mean they will want you to agree to them.
How individual sites deal with that is up to them. It might be possible that, for example, after 25th May, one of these sites might simply block you by putting up a pop-up that won't go away again until you press the "I agree" button.
The idea is that the new regulations give you more control over how the information you supply about yourself is used, more transparency, and more rights to privacy. In theory, it should be easier for you to stop other people doxxing you, for example.
Whether it will make any meaningful difference in actual fact remains to be seen. | ea774256-d6a5-4ad5-b0c2-2a31f6e0a82b |
291to5 | how does bail work with bailbondsmen and why does this exist? | First of all, let me explain the concept of bail.
Bail is an extremely old way of making sure that people show up for their trials without having to hold them in jail until the trial. To make sure you don't run (since, the logic goes, a guilty person would probably run before his trial), you have to pay a considerable sum of money. You get the money back if you show up at your trial. You don't get it back if you don't show up, or if you commit more crimes. This system was obviously very important in the days before photo IDs and modern record-keeping, and it is still important today.
But what if you don't have the money to pay your bail? Enter the bail bondsman. They agree to pay your bail for you, at the cost of a non-refundable percentage of the bail. If they didn't provide this service, you would just have to sit in jail until your trial, assuming you had no friends or family to bail you out.
If you don't show up to your trial, the bondsman loses the bail money, *unless* he can find you and bring you back to court. This gives him a financial incentive to make sure his customers don't flee. If they do, he can hire a bounty hunter (in most states), whose job is to track them down and arrest them, taking them back to face trial. | d37ed5f6-9a7f-4e4b-a05a-6668cc3226c0 |
8x7bts | What would be the bodily effects of taking a pill giving you 17 times the amount of daily Vitamin C for a year do to your body? | Vitamin C is water soluble, meaning that the body takes in whatever level of vitamin C it needs and flushes the rest out through the kidneys. The body does not store Vitamin C, so any additional dose is removed. The percentages of RDA appeals to the "more is better" and does nothing but create urine high in Vitamin C. | d0b30450-1629-4a30-9eea-dc184d55ef39 |
2ohean | Where does the items deleted in the Recycle Bin go? | They essentially just get marked for re-writing, meaning that now the computer can write over that space with whatever. So they aren't deleted until something is written over it. I could be wrong however, i pulled this out of my ass-brain. | 4b329173-734f-4cdf-a13e-e508e03749b5 |
267hnh | How do mobile phones transmit calls over the same bandwidth at the same time without interfering with each other and always finding the right reciever? | GSM doesnt use the same frequency for all communication, and not the same time. CDMA is a method that allows everyone to send at the same time and distinguish them. | 5ca3d376-b384-4283-8e30-1dcf5a37b783 |
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