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59sl88 | Random flashes of light when my eyes are closed at night after going to bed. | You might want to get that checked out with an Opthalmologist. Seeing bright flashes of light inside your eyes is usually due to the retinal cells getting stimulated by movement or traction. Not keen on scare mongering, but in rare situations it can be a precursor to retinal detachment. | 0e2b6d53-657e-4651-b94c-9e48abf9e614 |
1jpx4v | Why are keyboards organized in a QWERTY format instead of alphabetically? | Because of typerwriters.
Back in the old days, the physical keys of the typewriter's keyboard were connected by steel prongs or wires to their corresponding letter-striker...thingie. Anyways, if you typed too quickly, neighboring keys had a tendency to get tangled up with each other. Thus the QWERTY design was made to try and separate the more commonly used letters to avoid this problem. Since typing is a learned skill, its too ingrained in the general populace to try and change it on a wide-scale. | 93d45c04-4dcf-490c-b267-7d66a0dbdafd |
8scwfk | Why are martial arts practitioners taught to say "hi-ya!" or a similar phrase with every strike? | There are a lot of mystical/spiritual reasons for it, but mechanically speaking, it teaches breath control in an easy-to-remember way. | ad72fede-5042-4a12-a488-5345089de892 |
55u8aa | Has Hacking Proven Password Encryption A Failure? | The hacked databases that have gotten huge media attention have not used advanced algorithms to protect the passwords. Linkedin used unsalted SHA-1, Adobe used DES encryption (not hashing), myspace used unsalted SHA-1 of the first 10 characters in lowercase, Badoo used unsalted MD-5, etc. We even know about a lot of sites that store the password in plain text. The only big breaches that have shown good password routines have been Dropbox with half in salted SHA-1 and half in Bcrypt (this was back in 2012) and tumblr with salted SHA-1.
Hacking have not shown any faults in passwords. It have uncovered some dangers in bad password storing practices, bad passwords and the dangers of using a single factor authentication. You could unlock similar faults with any authentication system no matter the way they authenticate. Passwords are safe but make sure you use a good password and use a password database to have strong unique password for each service. Where available use two factor authentification. If you are designing an authentification system make sure you store the passwords safely, allow the users to set complicated passwords and make two factor authentification available. | c47b33d9-5392-46be-89bc-cfd63a9d0311 |
3m7nxm | Fiber Internet | Fiber optic internet works by shining a light down a long glass or plastic cylinder (fiber). The light reflects toward the center of the fiber because of the design and coating of the fiber. If you want a thorough explaination of the physics involved, r/askscience probably has some experts.
It is a very good form of fast internet in most cases.
You should look at it the same as any other Internet service though.
How fast is the service?
What is the cost?
What is their customer service like?
How reliable is the service?
All these issues are largely independent of the technology (fiber-optic vs copper wire), and will depend on the business practices of the company. | 32e94101-8001-40d4-9c2b-091e41326680 |
3n3bma | How does the fridge stop your food from going bad? | Food going bad is a result of microorganisms. Most of them grow better in warm temperatures; a fridge cooling the food slows down their reproduction rate so the food will be edible longer. | d12e0faa-9d5c-489a-857b-6ceec99387f1 |
3o2681 | how liquid gets into your bladder, and why it seems faster when you're drinking beer | When you drink something, the liquid is absorbed by various parts of your digestive tract, primarily in the intestines. It then enters your blood. Excess water is removed from the blood with the Kidneys, which also remove other bad stuff at the same time. All this stuff they remove from your blood ends up in the bladder.
Alcohol is a diuretic; It reduces the release of [a hormone](_URL_0_) your body uses to regulate how much water there is in your blood. This makes your Kidneys think you have more water in your blood than you actually do, so they try to remove more of it. | 60e4a4d3-a043-4089-8c6e-e4a57e89369b |
803b3a | Why is it called a Chinese Fire Drill? | Copied from Wikipedia, because it explains it in fairly simple terms:
“The term goes back to the early 1900s, and is alleged to have originated when a ship run by British officers and a Chinese crew practiced a fire drill for a fire in the engine room. The bucket brigade drew water from the starboard side, took it to the engine room, and poured it onto the 'fire'. To prevent flooding, a separate crew hauled the accumulated water from the engine room, up to the main deck and heaved the water over the port side. The drill had previously gone according to plan until the orders became confused in translation. The bucket brigade began to draw the water from the starboard side, run over to the port side and then throw the water overboard, bypassing the engine room completely.[2] Additionally, the term is documented to have been used in the U.S. Marine Corps during World War II, where it was often expressed in the phrase "as screwed up as a Chinese fire drill".[3] It was also commonly used by Americans during the Korean War and the Vietnam War.[4]
Historians trace Westerners' use of the word Chinese to denote "confusion" and "incomprehensibility" to the earliest contacts between Europeans and Chinese people in the 1600s, and attribute it to Europeans' inability to understand and appreciate China's radically different culture and world view.[5] In his 1989 Dictionary of Invective, British editor Hugh Rawson lists 16 phrases that use the word Chinese to denote "incompetence, fraud and disorganization".[6]” | 1a4b870b-9362-4158-a05f-debecb26aa63 |
r8egi | Why can't I remember being a baby? | Cognitive psychology student here:
To put it simply, you don't have the mechanisms that allow you to store and recall memories until you're around 3 1/2 years. Until that, you have what's called childhood amnesia. From that moment on, when you're 7-10 years old, you go through a period that's called reminiscence bump, when the majority of your childhood memories begin to form and stay with you all your life.
However, in extreme cases (e.g, birth of a brother, death of a grandparent) it has been proved that children under three years old can create and store that kind of autobiographic memory.
I don't know how much of this is suitable for a five year old, but i think you can understand.
Cheers! | 7c9ccab0-0a29-4f26-8e1e-4fa3a7311ab6 |
40shxr | In the United States, at least, why is the recommended dosage in non-prescription drugs typically split into two groups: one for those under twelve and one for those over twelve years of age? Isn't there a better metric, such as body weight, by which to provide multiple recommended dosages? | Non-prescription drugs have a lot of latitude in dosage levels before they become dangerous. You're supposed to give your kid a 5mL teaspoon of cough syrup and you give them a 15mL tablespoon instead, three times as much. It ain't gonna hurt them.
Recommended dosage levels inherit that flexibility. They're guidelines, not rigid definitions of EXACT amounts. So the guideline for the target receiver based on age can be similarly general, even if the child's weight differs a fair amount.
Plus, age is *easy*. You don't have to weigh someone, you don't have to specify whether they have clothes on or not while being weighed, you don't have to calculate anything. So the guidelines based on that are precise enough for non-prescription drugs. You'll get a "close enough" dosage in most cases to achieve the desired effect while not being dangerous to you.
If the drug was dangerous in non-precise amounts, or its exact dosage levels were critically important to achieve an effect, they wouldn't sell it as a non-prescription drug and would control it through prescriptions issued by a medical authority who can better decide the precise dosage based on your weight, age, BMI, conflicting conditions, and other factors. | f1e41c42-fdce-44b7-bde8-7503941f07fb |
2ywolp | What exactly are hashtags and how do they work? | Well, if reddit worked like twitter, and I wrote **"#PutinFartsOnABear,"** then the hashtagged word would act like a link, showing you all the other submissions that include that hashtag.
It also helps track and catalog what people's tweets or facebook posts are about, and so you can see if a topic is "trending" greatly or not. | 4636fcd5-fd70-4af8-a5c9-80c6e4a68ba2 |
6ryz3x | Where did the myth that police have to tell you they're police if you ask them come from? | Police are allowed to commit a very large variety of activities that would otherwise be considered crimes.
The need to maintain cover is huge. They can move drugs, smuggle them. Launder money, as long as they are doing it within the scope of their undercover operation. They can do drugs if it's required to maintain cover. The moment it is something outside the scope of the operation it becomes illegal for them to do it.
About the only thing they can't do is cause permanent injury, kill someone, or cause large scale damage like burning a place down. | ffcd5e11-0431-42d0-8b21-128b2b602bfd |
2iz7kp | What is the "Faerie" lifestyle? | Bro... from one man to another, bail. You're heading down a rabbit hole you don't want to go down.
To answer your question, your friend is what is known as an "otherkin". Popular among Tumblr users, it's a term used to describe people who really truly believe they are not human, at least on the inside. Most people use it for animals, but really anything goes.
Snowflake syndrome, that's all it really is. | 449789f4-865d-441f-b7eb-3187e4f26b8e |
5g1j19 | The power of a Filibuster in the U.S. senate | In the U.S. Senate, a filibuster is basically a block. A Senator can speak for as long as they want on whatever they want before a bill is voted on. That means that the bill can't pass until that Senator is done speaking. Sometimes it works, sometimes it doesn't. But filibusters almost always draw a lot of attention, because it's essentially a Senator protesting the passage of a bill. Filibusters are very narratively interesting.
Sometimes it's even the thought of a filibuster that will cause problems. Especially because you need 3/5ths of Senators (right now that's 60 out of 100 total Senators) to vote down a filibuster. When news pundits talk about a "filibuster-proof majority", they mean that the majority can do what they want & also strike down a lengthy protest.
Longest filibuster in history was thanks to Strom Thurmond, who was filibustering the passage of the 1957 Civil Rights Act. He stood up and spoke for 24 hours and 18 minutes straight. It'd be impressive if it wasn't so terribly racist. He lost that one (thankfully).
A more recent one that made the news was in the Texas State Senate. [State Senator Wendy Davis](_URL_0_) filibustered a bill that would severly limit abortions. It made the news because there was a picture of her in what are now called ["her filibuster sneakers"](_URL_1_), and because she was a Texas Democrat that was making a point. She lost that one too.
But interesting narratives are important in politics. Just because the filibuster itself may not have the power to stop that bill, it can bring a LOT of attention to something. It's basically a Senator's bully pulpit. In 2013, the entire nation knew that something was up in Texas. Even if Wendy Davis lost that particular fight, she & that issue gained national attention. | 48bcd773-b473-4307-93a6-52c6185bd704 |
16e6hj | The "gravitational slingshot" effect or maneuver. | Although it's not very safe, sometimes a person riding on a bike will reach out and grab onto the side of a moving car, and let the car pull their bike up to a faster speed.
The gravitational slingshot can work similarly, except instead of the spaceship holding onto the planet with a hand or other physical connection, it lets the planet's gravity "grab" it and pull it along for a while. | 2f34c127-86da-4368-b818-819a5f9a0aae |
7thcj7 | Why haven't we agreed on a standard shoe size measurement (and other clothing articles) for the whole world when we have the Metric or Imperial system of measurement? | The main reason is switching cost. This doesn’t necessarily need to be monetary, though that can certainly be a factor. People are set in there ways and are resistant to changing a system they are familiar with. This is why people on iPhones don’t like switching to Android, and vice versa.
That being said, there are some shoes/boots that do have a (mostly) universal sizing system. Ski boots! They have an identical system across the board because they need to fit into bindings a certain way, and if ski techs had to memorize a thousand different systems, people would be breaking legs all up and down the mountain(more so than they currently do). | c2e0cbfb-ae6f-4563-b3d8-b084ea3816cd |
1mhk7y | Two mirrors. | The mirrors do not perfectly reflect and if you were in such a room then you would also be absorbing some amount of light. Thus, the real question becomes how fast does the light fade. We can intuitively see that it will fade more slowly than a room with no mirrors.
To run some math, the best mirror I can find reference to has a reflectivity of 99.9999%. Note that this is *far* better than a typical household mirror and it only achieves that reflectivity for a narrow band of colors (i.e. frequencies or wavelengths). If we want to know the time it takes for 99% of the light to be absorbed then that is simply solving the equation: .999999^N = .01. For this we get an answer that N = 4.605 \*10^6 . If we take a reasonable room size (erring on the size of larger) then it is perhaps 20 meters in length (call this D). Over the N reflections the light would therefore travel N \* D meters, or 9.21 \* 10^7. This is still less than 1/3 the distance light would travel in a vacuum, but the value was obtained using the most optimistic values throughout the whole calculation. If you could construct such an idealized room and then manage to make your influence on the room in order to observe it as minimal as possible then you might get a decay that is on a time scale of human reaction.
Practically speaking one would be lucky to get a mirror at 99% reflectivity. Such a mirror would make N = 458, making the total distance only about 10 kilometers. This is about 3.336 \* 10^-5 seconds at the speed of light and far too fast to be mind-blowingly fun. If you constructed your hypothetical room at a reasonable size and from reasonable materials then you would experience darkness essentially as soon as the light was turned off (far faster than your reaction time, to say the least). | c9e5ae2b-bbbb-494b-898f-3053f6caa6e1 |
4zn47q | How do LiDAR sensors work? Wouldn't they just be overwhelmed by all the natural light? | They use very bright IR lasers, which you can't see because they're outside the visible spectrum.
The LIDAR can easily see the spot from its laser - it's no different than using a [bright laser pointer](_URL_1_).
Combine that with an extremely [aggressive filter](_URL_0_) on the lens and it's not much of a problem.
Edit: there are other tricks you can do as well. For example, you can gate the sensor, such that only returns in a certain window are accepted (get back too early or too late and the return is rejected as spurious). Or you could code the laser pulses, so only returns which match the signature of the laser pulses are accepted. Either way, visibility isn't much of an issue. | c8d66322-3648-4c3d-9623-9710a6896861 |
2x7ing | Why are no countries boycotting the 2022 FIFA World Cup despite the corruption and even though people were exploited and died building the stadiums? | Because everyone still loves the World Cup.
Also, this:
> people were exploited and died building the stadiums?
is false. People *are still being exploited and dying*, because the stadiums won't be complete for another six years. The death toll of the 2022 World Cup is expected to top 500,000 Qatar slaves. | e93e5331-35e0-4646-867d-a6a6c368121a |
1vy2p7 | Why is it some learn faster than others by reading? | The point of schooling is not "to learn things" but "to learn how to learn." When you go out and find a job, you'll find that most of the content you learned in school would not apply at all. You will have to use your skill in learning new things to adapt to all the new content you need to absorb.
That said, the guy in your class probably has mastered the most efficient way of learning for him. He can probably organize all the content in the text in his mind or on paper while he is reading.
But for you, it might not work the same way. Every person has a different type of learning style and it takes a lot of trial and error to discover it. I, myself, learn very well when I am taking notes during a lecture because it mentally scribes all the content to my brain. Other people study well in groups by bouncing concepts back and forth to reinforce them. Some other people can write all the things they learned in the form of questions so they can quiz themselves later on. There are multiple ways of learning but some will work better than others for you.
Remember, don't just study hard, study smart. This means to be the most efficient with your study so try new studying techniques until you find something that just clicks. Once you do, then you can be "that guy" in class that doesn't appear to study hard (because you already tried very hard to learn your studying style). | 6857fa15-15ab-476e-be8d-fdaa2b7579c4 |
t1w3q | Why has The Avengers movie been released in several major countries before its release in the United States? | So far as I know, it's to reduce piracy.
Countries like NZ often have to wait to see movies months after they screen in the US and this provides a window for piracy that can't be closed by lawyers. If they release movies in non-US countries first then they only have to worry about piracy in the US and that's a scenario in which their lawyers are actually useful. | f1cd6506-2fa7-4bce-89ce-e28b99db66d1 |
2mrgc8 | What is a Physician Assistant (PA) compared to a doctor or nurse? | A PA, or a Nurse-Practitioner (similar concept) is somewhere between a nurse and a doctor in terms of training and education. For a lot of the things you typically go see a doctor for - strep throat, cold/flu, ear/sinus infection, pink eye, bronchitis, etc - you really don't need someone with 10 years of medical training to diagnose and treat. It's more efficient and cost-effective to use someone with less training do deal with these "entry-level" type problems, while the doctor can focus on more specialized or complex cases.
In many states PA/NP can only practice under the supervision of a physician. Laws may also limit what types of treatment they can perform and what medications they can prescribe. | 0fbbd3d8-3926-44fe-92cb-b35f691aa52b |
4sfj17 | When we have those dreams that we're falling, why does it feel like we actually fall into the bed? | It's because when you're muscles are relaxed, sometimes the brain messes up and thinks that relaxed muscles mean you're falling instead of resting | fa6377a7-bcc4-42ea-81c6-6471abccacfb |
1w72v9 | The Wagon-wheel effect. | It's easiest to visualise in terms of a camera watching it rather than the human eye, so I'll use that example to start.
Imagine a camera which takes 12 photos each second. We then draw a line down from the edge to the centre of the wheel so we know where the "start" is. If it does a rotation/second then each photo will show that line progressing 1/12th of the way around. (ie, first to 1 then 2 then 3 etc on a clock)
If it does 5 rotations/second, then the line will appear first at 5, then at 10, then at 3 and so on.
If it does 6 rotations each second, then every photo will show that spoke going 1/2 the way around. ie, it'll either appear at 12 or 6 (on a clock face diagram) in each photo.
If however it goes 7 rotations/second, then the line will appear first at 7, then at 2, then at 9 and so on. These positions are the same angle as those at 5, but on the *opposite* side of of the clockface diagram each time. Thus the wheel appears to be moving backwards.
The effect is even more noticeable when the wheel is doing 11 rotations/second. First it goes to 11, then 10, then 9 and so on. The wheel appears to rotate backwards in the photos, even though it is actually moving forward much faster than it is when it rotates at 1/second.
In practice most cameras operate at 24frames per second, and wheels are often completing multiple rotations a second. At certain speeds however the effect will occur (it is also known as the *strobe effect* (where a flashing light makes things appear to freeze)). The "refresh rate" of the human eye is faster still, and a lot more complicated, but at certain speeds the effect occurs and the wheel appears to go backwards. | c1345ad8-63db-44a1-95cf-7b1bf2398b14 |
305x0z | Why did Ted Cruz ask those students to text "Constitution" to 33733? | It's a way for his campaign to identify potential supporters. Presumably people who text back are those who are both interested in politics and potential supporters of his. It's good to identify and engage with those people early. They are more likely to vote, more likely to donate money, and more likely to get others involved. | fdebdf86-167f-41f3-b788-5a8b8821864c |
75g5ze | Once and for all, is The Pirate Bay legal, and if it isn't how does it remain online? | There is no global law covering The Pirate Bay and similar sites.
Even if, for example, it's illegal in the USA, it might be legal in Sweden.
If there is even a single country where it is legal, it can be hosted in and operated from said country, and then there is no mechanism to take it offline entirely.
As for whether it's legal in any *given* country, legal opinions differ. Because it doesn't actually *host* any copyrighted content (.torrent files are effectively links to links (that is, indirect links) to content, not the content itself - and TPB doesn't even host *those* any more, just Magnet links, which are *links* to links to links to content), it's difficult to prove that its operators are breaking copyright law. On the other hand, it is clear that copyright law *is being broken by __someone__*, and torrent-search sites are facilitating this, so the question becomes one of finding a basis for applying legal culpability to the website's owners, operators, and/or Internet service providers. | ed3f108e-749e-4e57-b026-31570cd2a5f8 |
4f9hhd | What's currently happening on Brazil? | A couple things, really.
The President and many members of the government are in deep trouble for something involving Petrobras — they are accused of taking bribes, etc. and this issue specifically is very divisive so I won't take a side.
Then there's the fact that they have really bad economic problems, and they still have lots of poverty, but they decided to hold the Olympics and World Cup which despite boosting the economy, does nothing to help the massive poverty problem.
After the Panama papers, top politicians in Brazil were caught doing…the whole thing, but while this isn't specific to Brazil, it does help contribute to the feeling that the government and society is falling apart.
The problems are unique to Brazil, but the situation isn't really that different from the rest of the world. I can't really give an input on what's actually happening since I'm relatively well-off financially and not from Brazil (lots of googling and passive information) but it seems that it's just yet another situation where people are getting tired of the elites becoming richer while everyone is getting poorer. | 392bd1ee-3b37-4b49-8fda-5ddf9f15a0ad |
8ixd9e | - Why when people sneeze it’s out of their mouth, but your body is trying to get something out of your nose? | I've wondered about that too. I think it has something to do with your nasal passages not being able to handle such a big blast of air, so most of it has to come from our mouths. Maybe sneezes aren't meant to get something out of our nose as much as they're meant to protect the more vital parts of our respiratory system, and our noses serve as a warning that bad things are in the air. But it does help your nose, because it makes the tickle go away. | 084cf51b-fa76-424e-a531-348e3f7c652d |
39mo5k | Now that net neutrality rules go into effect today, how does that affect the average person? | It's still being argued in court. The only real effect of the change is the structure of the court arguments shifted to one that enables more government regulation of fairness.
The average person won't know the effects until the court cases shake out, give it 2-3 years and ask again. Sorry, the world of government regulations doesn't move a Internet speed. | d41065fe-a977-4c54-9eeb-421d9432a781 |
27sof4 | - Could we only eat exactly what our bodies need, and never poop? | > Poop is just waste, right?
Wrong. Or at least, poop is not just undigested food. Feces contain various other biological waste products that we can't stop producing. Things like bile, and broken-down, dead red blood cells. Plus, roughly 40% of feces consist of dead bacteria: You have **tons** of bacteria living in your intestines, helping you extract nutrients from food. As those bacteria die, they get expelled. | fb5809ba-dcd2-4bc5-9023-92837266da7c |
3arnz2 | Reddit has made Bernie Sanders look like the perfect candidate. Can someone explain some of his generally negative views? | He is anti-science.. He moved to ban substances in plastic containers that were safe and the replacements are less safe. He is also a GMO scare monger looking to confuse the public into believing GMOs are unsafe. Additionally, he has sponsored a bill to treat veterans with "alternate" medicine rather than scientifically proven healthcare.
His economic views can also be considered dangerous if you are someone who cares about debt and fiscal responsibility. | 9c6ba9c4-fe19-4f7c-8293-7945aa0931b4 |
45i4ds | How can massive contributions to a political campaign affect the outcome of an election even when an opponent holds the majority of voters? | Logically it can't if those voters have already voted or if they're totally decided, but a good proportion of the electorate is undecided or on the fence. Who they vote for can often come down to who puts out the best image and which candidate does a better job of "reaching" them. | e734b15e-5ea5-4f26-910e-9d44b56d55ff |
8tl9jh | What is cardiovascular endurance, what happens within your body when you gain it, and what happens when you lose it. | Cardiovascular endurance refers to how efficiently your cardiovascular system can absorb oxygen (and expel carbon dioxide) and deliver it to tissues throughout the body.
When you "gain" endurance, you're just working out the heart like any other muscle. Instead of lifting weights, you're running, walking, cycling, and anything else that is considered aerobic exercise. After awhile, just like skeletal muscles, the heart and blood vessels become stronger. This means they can push more blood throughout the body without doing a ton of work. effectively delivering oxygen to skeletal muscles.
Losing it is fairly self explanatory. Just like skipping the gym for a couple of weeks, you will see a loss in muscle mass and strength. The heart is the same, in that sedentary activity does nothing to promote cv endurance, and so the heart and vessels will have to work harder to move blood throughout the body, which is less efficient. | 8bb3057c-f8e6-4bf0-a99e-1f2ae856cda2 |
5kr0mv | How do scuba divers ascend/descend? | They wear a device called a BC (for buoyancy control).
Usually it is a sort of vest with an inflatable bladder inside. Air from the tanks is redirected to the bladder to make the diver more buoyant, and released to make them less.
Divers also typically wear weights to ensure they can sink if necessary, and that be released in an emergency. | 4ddab224-cfae-4585-97e1-b27e8711e472 |
41erbz | When markets crash, where does all the money go? | It was never there to begin with.
Say Jon has 50 shares in Company inc.. On the market, these 50 shares are worth $500, because lots of people want to pay $10 for a share in Company inc.
But Jon doesn't have $500. Jon has 50 shares.
Suddenly, news breaks that the CEO of Company inc. makes all of her major business decisions by rolling a set of dice. People worry that this will eventually drive Company inc. into the ground, and so people don't want to pay as much for a share in Company inc.
Jon still has 50 shares. But now Jon's shares are only worth $2 each.
Multiple this scenario by a few hundred million and you have a stock market crash. | 3db379b0-fdfc-4b16-91b8-1daab12283b0 |
4btedz | Can someone explain to me what's the issue with Obama and drone strikes? And why what he said in Prague about nuclear weapons is so frowned upon? | I don't know much about the topic, but one of the issues with drone strikes is that how we classify the victims of the strikes is woefully inadequate and misleading:
_URL_3_
_URL_2_
_URL_1_
Essentially, Obama changed the definition of "militant" in drone strikes to be incredibly wide to the point where if you or I were there, we would be classified as one.
Leaked documents have shown that as many as 90% of the deaths in drone strikes are unintentional, innocent people:
_URL_0_ | 55d2412a-4160-4638-96e2-56bd88edd45f |
1towc1 | Why certain factions of Israel's leadership believe that settlements are necessary for Israeli safety. | If you stand in parts of the settlements, known as Judea & Samaria, you can look over Israel completely and see the sea. If the Israelis don't have access to the settlements, then their enemies could easily fire down on the Israeli population.
So it's a security issue for many. | 713745e8-df43-4e81-af96-4eafa0a6dd14 |
17l03m | The different Dimensions relative to our own. | Don't let anybody fool you into thinking this is more complicated than it is. The word "dimension" simply refers to a number you use to identify a point.
Here we've got a straight line. How can I pick a point on that line, then give you sufficient information to find exactly the same point? Well, we'll start by agreeing upon an arbitrarily chosen point of origin, then I can just tell you how far to the left or right of that point of origin my chosen point is. If I tell you that my point is three feet to the right of the point of origin, then you have all the information you need to find that point. We might even establish a kind of shorthand, where if I say "3" you know I mean "the point three feet to the right of the point of origin," or if I say "minus 4" I mean "the point four feet to the left of the point of origin." In this way, we can *uniquely identify a point* using just a single number.
But if we wanted to talk instead about points in a *plane,* we'd need *two* numbers to identify them. We could choose to use more, of course, but that'd just be wasteful, as we can uniquely identify points in a plane using just two numbers.
If we were talking about points in a volume, we'd need to use no fewer than *three* numbers to identify them. However we choose to identify the points — distances along mutually perpendicular axes, angles measured from some reference direction, whatever — we'd need no fewer than three numbers to uniquely identify a chosen point.
The *dimensionality* of a space, then, is how many numbers you need *at minimum* to uniquely identify a point in that space.
That's all it means. It doesn't mean anything else. | 74ecbb2b-38c6-4735-abda-0ec9eb8ab748 |
47srry | Is lava sticky? | I can't answer if it's sticky, but you don't have to be sticky to be viscous. Just as one example gear oil is quite viscous without being sticky, it's especially thick when cold and since it's a lubricant is the definition of not sticky. | f3662d88-09ac-4b64-8143-004cb1abd889 |
6r981j | in Great Britain, what does the power differential look like between the Monarchy, Parliament, and the Prime Minister? | The Monarch has, in effect, no legal power at all. In theory they can withhold their Royal Assent to a law, but in practice if they did so it would make the abolition of the monarchy much more likely, so they don't. Any stated political positions of the monarch would probably have significant impact one way or another, but the reigning Queen tries to avoid taking public stances (she makes an annual speech, but this is written for her by the government, and most people know this) so this doesn't really come up. There are, as noted in further comments below, various other powers of the monarch which are used "on the advice of the Prime Minister" - which essentially makes them powers of Parliament or the PM which happen to have to go through the monarch, so again, not effective personal powers.
Law-making power rests with Parliament. The Prime Minister also leads the party (or coalition) which controls the most seats in the Commons, so they have considerable influence here, but it is Parliament that actually writes and votes on laws.
The Prime Minister's power is significant, but mostly indirect. They choose the Cabinet, thereby determining which MPs will head the various Ministries, and they have major input on the makeup of various committees. The *effect* is that much of the lawmaking *agenda* is filtered through the PM - though this is far from absolute. | a4ccbbc8-a5ff-47fa-b7da-87eee12785e6 |
315t3e | How this battery train experiment works? | [This](_URL_0_) should help you out...people on a physics forum explaining it pretty simply
EDIT: Aww hell, I guess I'll copy/paste the answer here...
> If you run a current through a coil; it generates an magnetic field inside the coil [like this](_URL_1_)
> If the field lines are exactly parallel a bar magnet will feel no net force. However at the ends of the coil, where the field lines diverge, a bar magnet will be either pulled into the coil or pushed out of the coil depending on which way round you insert it.
> The trick in the video is that the magnets are made of a conducting material and they connect the battery terminals to the copper wire, so the battery, magnets and copper wire make a circuit that generates a magnet field just in the vicinity of the battery. The geometry means the two magnets are automatically at the ends of the generated magnetic field, where the field is divergent, so a force is exerted on the magnets.
> The magnets have been carefully aligned so the force on both magnets points in the same direction, and the result is that the magnets and battery move. But as they move, the magnetic field moves with them and you get a constant motion.
> If you flipped round the two magnets at the ends of the battery the battery and magnets would move in the reverse direction. If you flipped only one magnet the two magnets would then be pulling/pushing in opposite directions and the battery wouldn't move. | ef0787ff-f35d-4726-98c9-51e392872137 |
35ifmi | What exactly are TOPS for college. | TOPS is a program in Louisiana that offers free college tuition to students who meet a certain GPA and ACT requirement. It was started by Patrick Taylor, a rich oil man, and now the Louisiana government pays for it. Tuition for private school is not free, but you get some money towards private school tuition as well. Course, GPA and ACT requirements can be seen [here](_URL_0_) | 4b4cb00b-5ed5-4e96-8e1e-dce339e0e5d6 |
70hu2k | What is the difference between an irrational number and a transcendental number? | > All transcendental numbers are irrational. not all irrational numbers are transcendental.
> Trancendental numbers cannot be written as roots of polynomials
Eli6:
Irrational numbers are a class of numbers that are (among other things) defined by the fact that you cannot represent them as a ratio of integers.
Transcendental numbers are a class of numbers that are defined by the fact they are not algebraic.
algebraic numbers are numbers that can be written as a root of a polynomial with rational coefficients: So any number that can be represented as the answer (x) to an equation of the form
a + bx + cx^2 + dx^3 + ex^4 + fx^5 ... + ðx^n = 0
Where the coefficients a,b,c,d,e....ð are all rational numbers.
So, root 2 is irrational, but it is algebraic because it is the answer to the equation
x^2 = 2
and thus is not transcendental.
Similarly the more or less random number ~ 1.27367020598447 is also not trancendental, because it is a valid solution to the equation
x^4 + 5x - 9
( ~1.273...^4 + 5(~1.2736..) - 9= 0 )
Trancendental numbers like pi can't be written as solutions to equations of this form. They will always need at least one irrational number as a coefficient to be written like this. | e11c3332-b4ef-468d-9832-36c23acbb1d2 |
4jgbe8 | Why does it burn if you burp through your nose after drinking something carbonated? | They contain small amounts of carbonic acid and there will be some of this left in the gas that you release. Your nose is far more sensitive to such things than your mouth is, so you feel the acid burning more than your mouth.
You can test this with a green chili. Place one on your tongue and place one up your nose and see which one is worse. | c35f1f05-731d-4203-8a37-92d23fbd2f70 |
33pors | Why are GPU clock speeds soo much lower than CPU clock speeds. | They have very different architectures and are built for different purposes. Generally, GPU clocks are set as high as it is viable as well (limited by chip quality, required power, generated heat)... but asking why they are at such different levels is more or less like asking why bike engines and tractors operate at such different RPM. They might be slower, but not exactly "worse" - they are both good at what they were built for, but would most likely suck trying to do tasks of the other. They are both engines, but not very similar in design and built for very different purposes. | ae3be989-b120-40a0-94b0-84a0173426e7 |
1tbncx | How is the TV rating calculated? | They don't. They use sampling of a select few and project that out to the whole population.
They will often use [Nielsen Ratings](_URL_0_) which will connect a device to a television to record their viewing habits. | 59f23583-fa19-4930-be3f-93b253191680 |
21brs9 | What do some people find appealing in communism? | What do you mean by "communism"?
The actual definition of the term is of a society in which there are no class distinctions and no money, and the means of production are accessible to everyone. In this idyllic world, everyone is equal, everyone co-operates to produce exactly what we need when we need it, nobody needs to fight a war, nobody needs to be jealous of another's income, there is no crime (because everyone has what they need, when they need) and we all live among fluffy little bunny-rabbits and rainbows and unicorns. This is actually a very attractive scenario, but reaching that goal is going to be about as likely as finding scientific evidence for the existence of leprachauns, so don't hold your breath.
If you mean dictatorships that *call* themselves "communist", such as North Korea, then the very easy answer to that question is: Nobody, except the ruling elite of North Korea and some clueless westerners who have no idea what they're talking about.
Not that the North Koreans deliberately built that kind of society for themselves. The best-known allegory of this style of communism is Orwell's "Animal Farm": the animals (representing the Russian people) usurped their corrupt and cruel farmer (the Tsar), and initially things seem to improve -- they work together to run the farm, plant crops and so on, but of their own volition instead of being beaten into submission. But the pigs, who as the most intelligent have assumed leadership, become increasingly power-hungry -- not overnight, but slowly, bit by bit -- until they end up just as bad, if not worse, than the cruel farmer they'd thrown out.
If by "communism" you mean attempts by governments to regulate the market and redistribute wealth, there are many, many models for that and none of them are actually communist. Generally, this doesn't get much further than a sort of "socialism lite". The attraction here is that in our western societies, wealth is clearly concentrated in the hands of a privileged few: in the US, the richest 1% own more wealth than the 95% poorest. Most people consider that to be grossly unfair, and so argue for ways to correct this.
Ultimately, the term "communist" has different meanings depending on who you're talking to and, to an extent, what their personal biases are. | d6594670-95b3-483b-81e8-928fbf3285cd |
2wtqyh | If a US soldier dies in another country and he is a donor, will his/her organs be donated or discarded? | Yes, if viable the persons organs can/are be donated. However I did some googling and I found that it's pretty unlikely the organs can reach the patient in time. The heart is viable for 4-6 hours if kept on ice, with the liver ideally no longer than 12 but viable for up to 16 hours.
The organs would never make it back to the states I checked the non-stop flight time itself from Saudi Arabia to New York being 12 hours. Medical bases in Europe would be a viable option. | a6e34ff8-8fe3-49d0-8146-9b7f43f02e3a |
6havuz | How to temperature guns work in order to get the temperature of a surface? | Next time you turn on your stove, you might notice that the burner turns red as it heats up.
That's because increasing the temperature of an object causes it to radiate energy.
Now, for most objects, increasing the temperature of an object over the comfortable range for human beings doesn't change the energy it emits as visible light. Your burner had to get pretty hot before it started glowing red.
But infrared light is emitted by most objects based on even relatively low temperatures. So if you want to see how hot an object is, all you need to do is look at it in the infrared spectrum.
You can't see in the infrared spectrum. But your temperature gun can, so all it does is measure the luminosity of an infrared emitter - the object you're pointing it at. | b62a9e1d-c395-46f5-b41c-24d79fae8dc4 |
20f2xa | How come I'm well-rested after sleeping from 3 to 12, but when I fall asleep at 12 and wake up at 9, I feel like hell? | You can read up on Circadian Rhythm and REM Cycles for a more detailed explanation, but the simple answer is the your body gets used to a certain sleep wake cycle based on your habits and environment. When that cycle gets broken, by going to sleep too early or too late, or sleeping to long or to little, it can cause fatigue since you will be awake when your body is expecting you to be asleep or vice versa. That may cause you to feel tired after you sleep for a long time or find yourself unable to sleep through the night if you go to sleep too early. | f919176f-b2a4-43b3-9f69-adc9d76fcf2d |
1bu8t9 | How Google stores caches of so many websites | There are a few methods that Google uses.
The primary one is that Google spends plenty on continually adding more servers, server space, and improving their ability to manage that ever-growing space.
Also, copies of crawled websites compress better than many types of data. Google once released that they're able to compress crawled websites to an average of 11% of their uncompressed size.
[There's also this theory of where they get all that server space.](_URL_0_) ;) | a2fbd4fb-852a-441e-804d-487c545da962 |
39zsf8 | Why is it bad that Rachel Dolezal identifies as black even though she's apparently white? | The thing about race is that there's virtually no difference in brain chemistry or anything like that between races. Identifying as a different gender, for instance, is different, where actual physiological differences might come into play. Race identification is a very superficial thing, genetically, and plays more into culture and society - the genetic differences are often greater between two people of the same race than two people of different races.
The way society views you as being part of a particular race is mostly external. Rachel Dolezal spent most of her life as clearly a white person, so she didn't get the societal impact of being black. Now, there's no reason an NAACP officer can't be a white person, but lying about it is different, and there's no indication she genuinely identified as black (and she even took steps to cloud her history to make people think she had a black father, for instance). A white person can fight for racial equality, but intentionally obfuscating her life experiences is something else. | bee6a5d6-3700-4051-9787-d3d11126d293 |
32whl4 | Why do countries like China, Japan, and Korea test so much higher than the U.S. in math, science, and reading. Having recognized this, why doesn't the U.S. implement similar teaching styles? | It is more down to the parents valuing education especially in mathematics and sciences than to a difference in teaching methods, though valuing teachers as a resource is less regarded in the USA than Asia. | b4542a88-0bb9-4936-9191-9f95170c5ea9 |
1d2qy4 | The difference in natural sugar you find in fruit and refined sugar? | There is no chemical difference. When you eat fruit, you're eating sugar embedded in a plant, and so you digest it more slowly (good), and you take in all the other stuff in the plant (fiber, protein, interesting chemicals from the plant like estrogens).
There's a lot of evidence that eating fruit is good for you. Eating only or primarily fruit will usually make you sick (diarrhea, etc) because you get too much sugar and fiber-- but that's not something that usually happens because you'll probably get tired of eating fruit before you get there.
On the other hand, people don't get tired of eating sugar before it makes them very sick, including diabetes. | ce56c3a4-1c92-482d-b203-78ed2af395c8 |
2sawlo | Why do our pets like being stroked and cuddled? | Probably because they're covered in hair, you know how your ball hair itches sometimes and it feels good to scratch it? Times that by 1000. They're basically big walking ballbags. | 725c089e-4b36-4e66-bfd1-780686ce6e4e |
6gjmhx | how every lock and key in the world is made to be unique with no duplicates | They aren't, there are lots of duplicates out there
Schlage house locks are very common, their keys come with a 5 or 6 digit code on them. Best case that gives you a million key combos. Not nearly enough to make every lock unique, but plenty to make it unlikely a random person has the same key as you
Security is designed to make access more difficult so people don't try, it is never perfect and always accepts certain weak points that are too expensive to fix | b21e4b65-68e0-4b8b-b0cb-20e18d8f0268 |
2cy1sy | What happens if the CA drought continues and we run out of water? | In the event that the drought continues, water will be re-prioritized for human consumption (as opposed to agriculture, which is the vast majority of water usage at the moment) [Irrigation of Agricultural Crops - Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources](_URL_1_). If the drought further continues and water storage runs dry, it is likely that a state of emergency will be declared and FEMA and the Federal government will start trucking water from elsewhere in the US to supply population centers. It is likely that, at this point, desalinization will become further adopted by the state.
[A new plant has been constructed near San Diego](_URL_0_) and is likely going to be the start of a trend in the state. | aab073b3-4c7b-4181-9a0e-f64f2e8babc2 |
2q9qi7 | How can someone wake up from a brain injury and suddenly be able to speak a foreign language? | When this has been reported, what is often glossed over is the fact that these people could always speak the language. The brain learns and stores your first language differently to your subsequent languages. So it's possible for the first language to be lost or suppressed independently of other languages by certain brain traumas. When this happens the first language will usually eventually return.
"Woman wakes from coma speaking French" is much more dramatic than "Woman who could already speak both English and French wakes from coma having difficulty with English but French is ok but the English comes back in a day or two."
Believe nothing you read in the Huffington Post. | 413e91b3-ef0f-412f-ab93-598add9e5a00 |
3ocvbb | It has been said that America's debt to other countries has its pros and cons. Obviously it's bad because we owe over $18 trillion, but why could this debt benefit them? | > America's debt to other countries has its pros and cons. Obviously it's bad because we owe over $18 trillion
That's not correct. While the federal debt is at 18 trillion, we do not owe 18 trillion to foreign countries. The vast, vast majority of the debt is held internally, by the American government or American investors.
I'll go into the negatives of the debt. Sovereign debt does not quite work like personal debt. Not at all.
First, we do not ask other countries for their money. *They* choose to buy treasury bonds, because they believe in the strength of the dollar.
Second, owning debt does not give any power over the U.S. Treasury bonds give set amounts of interests at set times. The owner of the debt cannot request their money back. It will be payed out in the time set when they bought it, and that's that.
Third, the United States does not have to pay back its debt in its entirety. Only the interest. And we do a fucking good job of that, having never officially missed a payment. As long as our GDP grows at a similar rate to our debt, the actual number may as well be irrelevent.
You can get into more about how important the debt is, how it backs the dollar, etc.
But it's very important, and in fact, if we were to have the entire debt payed off, it would be rather catastrophic for our and the world economy. | a561ce53-da8a-41f0-a592-8c152729092b |
ozgm2 | ETMLI5 why churches/religious buildings in the United States get property tax exemptions? | religious institutions are not-for-profit 501c(3) institutions, just like the YMCA or Duck's Unlimited or other non-profits.
a nonprofit's income and profit (often through donations, although they can still charge their members) is legally supposed to go toward the betterment of the organization's mission or the general benefit of the community. the profit can't go for bonuses for employees or board members.
and this is exactly what churches do. you don't have to donate to them if you don't want to. sure, a person like Joel Osteen makes a huge salary from his church, and that's because he's able to raise a heck of a lot of money.
a nonprofit is different than a regular for-profit business, because if a for-profit business does well, some of that profit goes to board members or other stakeholders (increase in share price). | ccc2b1e2-314c-4325-b589-4e0c7243fe80 |
1qhoxi | Why is third party software "locked" to certain operating systems? | The operating system, among other things, provides an interface for programs to the hardware and usually other stuff like the means to make a window, put buttons in it, render things, etc. There's no cross-platform interface for all this that exists natively on all OSes except kind of ChromeOS and FirefoxOS which are bascially just an OS that does nothing but runs a browser. If you don't want your app to be broswer-based, there's not much you can really do to support all of the systems. (If browser-based is fine, though, you're pretty much good to go on all systems.)
This is especially true in the case of games where most games want to use the DirectX graphics library to provide its various drawing abilities, but DirectX is an MS exclusive. OpenGL is on all systems, but not as often used. | c94fa92e-1c6f-47e8-b324-c935fcf46139 |
1r9k1r | If you held a pair of prescription glasses in front of a camera and recorded something, how would it appear when playing it back? Would some people see it blurry and others see it clear? | No, because the camera sensor becomes the "eye", and the lens is the optic in front of it. If you put another optic in front of it, you're only changing the light hitting the sensor. You cannot change the optics in front of the eyes of the person watching the screen. Take a quick look at what [circles of confusion](_URL_0_) are. It should become clear how this would only affect the camera's image sensor. | c7b5d76e-9008-4671-8966-1b4dbd2c143c |
1066d5 | How do people afford lawyers? | What truetofiction said is idiotic. I am not sure why people feel the need to comment when they have no idea what they are talking about. His first sentence is so insanely wrong that it hurts my head.
I am an attorney so here goes. Tort law in the United States is based on common law and is derived from hundreds of years of judge made law. The vast majority of tort law in this country has to do with personal injury law. Tort law involves other areas of course like libel, slander, defamation, etc. but this is not relevant to the question. Tort reform is only aimed at limiting the amount plaintiffs can recover it has absolutely nothing to do with people being able to afford legal counsel.
Personal injury attorneys work on a contingency fee basis. This means that they only get paid when their client gets paid. There are no upfront costs to this representation. The standard is 33% of the settlement and more if the case proceeds to trial. Tort reform has absolutely NOTHING to do with people being unable to afford counsel. Tort reform is simply a way for insurance companies to limit their liability by capping the amount plaintiffs are able to win at trial. This increases their profits. I am staunchly against tort reform and believe in most cases it is an unconstitutional violation of the 7th Amendment right to a jury trial.
Litigation is of course expensive and so are good attorneys. However, in short, people (usually corporations) who get themselves into legal trouble involving large sums of money are the same types of "people" who have a lot of money to begin with and can afford good legal counsel. They take calculated risks with their money and use their attorneys accordingly. They can either afford attorneys and make good business decisions or they can't and they lose at trial and eventually go out of business for their business decisions. Gateway computers is a textbook example of this happening. Their "shrink wrap" contracts and underhanded business dealings cost them millions in court costs litigating an issue that they deserved to lose.
Typically trials do not even last a full day and they do not cost very much money. It is very rare for a civil trial to go on longer than a week. People other than the super rich cannot afford many months of legal services if the services are not based on contingency fees. Divorces can last awhile but typically family law attorneys do not charge a great deal of money. Criminal cases can last months but usually this happens in capital punishment cases and either the accused has done whatever it takes to pay for a good attorney or the defendant gets an amazing criminal defense attorney who only litigates capital defense cases because they are opposed to the death penalty.
Public defenders only defend indigent criminal defendants. This is a constitutional requirement after the SCOTUS case Gideon v. Wainwright. There is no right to free legal counsel in civil trials. I am not really sure how to answer your question pertaining to PD work because I am not sure what you are asking. There are literally hundreds of different areas of law and experts in every field. This is why there are so many attorneys. From admiralty and bankruptcy to personal injury and intellectual property just to name a few areas.
This is all of course very simplified and I could go on for pages about this. If you have any further questions I would be happy to entertain them. | 12d67772-6be4-4899-9a3d-3948edd568dd |
1zypnx | what is the purpose of a RAID storage? | There are many types of RAID storage,
#1. Stripe or RAID-0, when you have to matching sized drives and data is split evenly on both drives. when you have one drive pulling half a photo and another pulling the other half, data gets to the ram/cpu in less time than would be for a single drive to deliver the file. 2 or more drives needed. Matching drive size not usually needed as smaller drive will be the starting point. If one drive fails in this setup data is lost since half of the data is one one drive and half on the other. **Its like removing the peanut butter side of a pb & j sandwich. not pretty.**
#2. Mirroring or RAID-1, its exactly as it sounds, a duplicate copy of every file is made on a secondary drive. if the primary were to fail it automatically switches over to the backup/mirrored drive. 2 or more drives needed. matching size is ideal but smaller drive size will be used as primary drive size. **Multiple sandwiches if you drop one you have a spare.**
#3. RAID-10 (my personal favorite) This is a combination between RAID-0 and RAID-1. With this setup you need a minimum of 4 hard drives. How this works is 2 sets (2 drives in a set) get stripped. In the two sets the drives get mirrored. So you have drives 1-4 in a system. Drives 1 & 2 are one half and drives 3 & 4 are another half. If Drive 2 fails for whatever reason the system still runs normally and continues uninterrupted. Replace the failed drive with new drive and the software will automatically rebuild the mirrored files. 4 or more drives needed. Drive size should be used across all drives. **This would be if you lost your sandwich and you never knew it was gone but it got there really fast, and even if you did loose one half of a sandwich you would never know.**
#4. JBOD (Just a Bunch Of Disks). This is one that is rarely used, the files are just spanned across multiple drives, if one fails the file structure is toast. **Multiple types of sandwiches of all flavors and styles, it fills you up but may not be pretty or tasty.** | 16cbd0fe-ccf4-4df2-b568-52f8435a1a66 |
4p3ozs | what were the negative social and economic consequences of bigamy/polygamy, that gradually resulted in its criminalization, in most countries ? | You can look at it from both directions.
In one direction, polygamy is a response to a shortage of men. Normally, this shortage is due to consuming those men in wars and violent criminal enterprises. So extremely violent societies are more likely to favor polygamy.
In the other direction, polygamy causes (or perpetuates) the violence by a small cadre of men monopolizing access to women and leaving the majority of men without such access.
In terms of becoming criminalized, it's easiest to see looking backwards. The societies which thrived over time were those that adopted the most effective cultural patterns (given the conditions they faced at the time). While the most elite men in all societies have always enjoyed a broad availability of sexual partners, societies where these elites were very small and the prevailing pattern was monogamy ended up being far more stable and prosperous because they weren't being forced to engage in endless external violence to forestall endless internal violence. | 0f3d99fe-0bae-4608-bd7e-4b206c5d3aa0 |
1e79j9 | Why do people want Obama impeached over the Benghazi attack? | The scandal originally was about when the attacks occurred the Administration, including Hillary Clinton, blamed it on reaction to some terribly made [anti-Muslim movie trailer](_URL_0_). In actuality it was coordinated effort by Al Qaeda.
This got the Republicans very upset. And they accused Obama of playing politics by covering up a security failure and Al Qaeda attack and pointing fingers at the movie and implying that Republican extremists were the cause.
Instead of the White House being grown ups and admitting they messed up they have parsed statements and shown that technically they did make some statements blaming terrorists rather than movie critics.
And instead of the Republicans being grown ups and getting over the whole thing they have conducted Congressional hearings to look into the thing.
The congressional hearings today are about how much warning there was before the attack. The Republicans are trying to find something but have no actual evidence the White House did anything drastically wrong. | cb02e32d-eb52-420f-8b2a-d43d55535796 |
22n4at | After the apocalypse, how would I start a currency for my newly created society of 50 people? | Something everyone needs, so perhaps bullets, or rations. Examples would be The Last of Us and FTL: Faster Than Light. Both these games, one being post-apocalyptic, the other a space exploration thingy feature trading using ration cards and "scrap" (used to mend ships and buy upgrades) respectively. Both of which have a face value that is of a wordly use, having a purpose that isn't economic. | cee19c29-91e4-4f73-b5dc-705c0ea75031 |
3x905x | Why can you only use a #2 pencil on a scantron sheet? | It's not really an issue of whether it works, but of who is responsible in the event that it doesn't work.
They aren't going to test their machine with every possible type of pencil. Even if they tested it with a variety, *someone* would find *some* pencil that doesn't scan right. So instead, they test it with the most common type of pencil, and if you use something else and your answers aren't scored right, it's your own fault. | 245c3615-c637-4051-9095-176a5449eaeb |
2b510u | Why am I hungry before bedtime but then fine for hours after waking up even if I have not eaten ? | i think it is because your metabolism slows down | 33be7b6d-9c0f-468a-9187-68db54a02653 |
5322fk | Why are there no sentient plant-based species? Why is base intelligence so abundant and diverse in animals, but non-existent in the plant kingdom? | > Is there something inherent to “plant cells” that prohibits that possibility?
It is more something inherent to plant biology that prohibits the possibility, and is related to the lack of nerves within plants. Brains require *a lot* of energy! The human brain consumes about 20% of the total energy used by the human body, which is immense considering it is only about 2% of the total weight.
A plant sitting out in the sun just isn't going to soak up enough energy through photosynthesis to maintain a significant brain. Add on to that problem that the energy extracted isn't enough to run all the other things required to act on such thinking; the plant can't beat a heart to establish a robust circulatory system, or a respiratory system capable of supporting muscle cells which they also generally lack. Without all of those things a nervous system is fairly useless (what would it control?) and the result is that even if they somehow had a free brain it would be pointless! | e8169831-b51a-4c3c-84b7-bd72b4ae8c0b |
1m15mx | aliasing and antialiasing in computer graphics. | Game's graphics sometimes appear to be "pointy" or not curved enough due to the way the objects are built - using a grid of dots/ geometrical shapes and covering them with a skin/texture. antialiasing process adds "new dots" to the object in order to smooth its appearance. | 23493147-ba81-4810-a078-14fbcdf3dc6f |
6imtsw | Venomous means harm is done with injection. Poisonous means harm is done when ingested... But is venom poisonous, and is poison venomous? Like, will eating a venomous critter poison you? | Most venoms are not poisonous.
Most poisons are venomous. (That sentence is wrong, but we're having a conversation.)
Venoms are *usually* proteins that are produced to do a very specific thing, they are designed to be injected into soft tissue and act very quickly. Most venoms are neurotoxins, meaning they target nerves in some way, like blocking the neurotransmitters from being released and thus paralyzing the muscle. This gets to the heart or the lungs and the victim dies.
These venoms are not designed to pass through mucosal membranes like those found in the mouth, eyes, nose, etc, so if someone were to swallow it, it would pass through the esophagus with minimal damage. When it gets to the stomach it's now in a massively acidic environment. The pH is ~2, the pH of blood is ~7.4, so the stomach is ~250,000x more acidic (thanks for actually doing the math) than blood.
Proteins are only stable in certain conditions, salinity, temperature, pH, all effect the protein on a molecular level.
So the venom passes into the stomach, isn't stable in that environment, and is rendered "harmless".
Poisons are a different story.
Poison Dart Frogs, probably the most notorious poisonous animal. Arrowheads were poisoned (envenomed?) By rubbing them on the frogs, stabbing it into the frog, or "roasting them over a fire". Which shows that the poison wouldn't be able to be cooked out.
But these frogs are also too poisonous to *TOUCH* the poison is on the frog's skin and is absorbed through our skin.
You've probably heard of licking toads? They're also poisonous, but the poison isn't fatal and it's absorbed readily through mucosal membranes.
Polar bears aren't poisonous. But their livers are, they contain an essential vitamin, which is fat soluble, at such high concentrations that it would kill you to eat. Poison by concentration.
Warfarin? A massively popular heart medication? Rat poison. It's a blood thinner, and originally was made as a rat poison, but at very low levels, can be used therepuetically.
Whether a poison can be used as a venom really depends on the poison. If I were to dip an arrowhead in botulism toxin, yeah, that will kill ya.
Poisons can be proteins, small molecules, drug like substances, pretty much anything, it's a catch all.
Venoms are pretty much just proteins, they're produced by an animal for a purpose and evolutionarily speaking it's a hell of a lot easier to produce a protein for a purpose than it is to create an enzyme or an enzymatic pathway that produces a molecule.
If you look up rattlesnake venom you'll find "modified saliva", evolution took an existing structure, a salivary gland, and modified it until it produced a saliva capable of killing prey. Also, venoms are usually more than one protein, dozens of them working in concert. Toxins and poisons are generally thought of as a single molecule.
Komodo Dragons? Actually venomous, the whole blood poisoning thing with bacteria was a hypothesis that was never really proven and made a good story. Their venom isn't nearly as fast acting as other venoms, which probably lead to this hypothesis of the bacteria in their mouth causing sepsis and death.
A bit rambly, but I think I hit most of the key points.
Edit: words and I looked up the Komodo dragon I was taught that they causes sepsis and it wasn't until recently that the venom was proven. Also looked up the poison dart frog thing. | 2c9e06fa-4e20-4c55-bbd1-5c37ea7f4da9 |
z8vm0 | how does a traffic start on a highway? | Let's say that a road is full of cars going the same speed. Something happens that causes a group of cars to slow down.
All of the cars behind them have to slow down, the cars behind that set of cars, and so on.
Long after the original cars have sped up and gone, cars far away are still having to slow down due to that one original problem. | 27788acb-105d-4b7a-a650-ccdfb48be5d7 |
6j9pmo | Why does chicken pox get more dangerous the older you are? | The chicken pox virus isn't completely understood, but it's thought that it's harder on you as an adult because your body attacks it more violently. In other words, it's worse not because the virus is worse, it's because your more mature immune system reacts more strongly to it and causes other adverse affects. | 45fafb1c-ac1d-4442-b488-acdcdeb6f09a |
2qw3vn | How would "true" Communism work? | As in the ideal? There wouldn't be a concept of ownership. Everything would in some way belong to everybody. In return, everybody would work hard at their jobs, secure in the knowledge that everyone else is doing the same. Basically, everyone would put in equal effort into society and get equally rewarded.
This obviously does not in any way work in real life. | 40f157b0-5cc0-4317-90d4-333fd984a9fe |
3fsb9r | If all the glaciers melted, we somehow figured out how to deal with the rising waters and displaced people. How would our weather systems change and could we survive that? | I'm a meteorology student - I'll try answering this. Sorry it's a long answer, but Earth is complicated. Here goes!
There's a term called "albedo," which basically means the amount of light something reflects. Ice has a high albedo, while water's is lower. If the ice is all gone, the Arctic would get much warmer, as there would be no ice reflecting the Sun's rays, and therefore heat as well. Keep that in mind.
Earth is unevenly heated, as the tropics are hotter than the poles, because the tropics face the Sun and therefore receive more direct sunlight. At the poles, that same amount of light is spread over a larger area, because the Sun is at a much lower angle in the sky, hence less heat. This uneven distribution of heat leads to cold poles and hot tropics, and fuels global weather patterns.
How does this fuel global weather? If you have a hot thing next to a cold thing, heat will transfer to the cold thing naturally. This concept brings about much of global airflow. Keep in mind that hot air can hold more moisture than cold air, and that as air rises, it expands and cools, and as it falls, it contracts and warms. These concepts cause 3 large circulations in each hemisphere: "Hadley cells" from the equator to 30 degrees N/S, "Ferrel cells" 30-60 degrees, and Polar cells, 60 degrees to the poles. Since the equator has the sun directly overhead or very high in the sky, it gets the most sunlight and most heat, so this can hold the most moisture. Hot air, because it is less dense than cold air, rises, and cools as it rises, so it can hold less water, releasing the moisture, leading to rain. This is why there are generally tropical rainforests on the equator, because all the rain. As the air goes up, it goes north, away from the equator, and then goes down when it is cold, and therefore denser than the other air. Then it goes down and heats up, still dry, around 30 degrees N/S. This is why there are many deserts along that latitude (Sahara, Arabic, Australia's Outback, Kalahari, etc.) The other two cells work similarly.
Aside from air circulation, ocean currents are very important for the weather as well, and they would be disrupted thoroughly by glaciers melting, by releasing cold freshwater into warm saltwater seas. How important are currents for climate? The Gulf Stream, a warm current from the Gulf of Mexico across the North Atlantic to Western Europe, is much of why, even though Spain and Nebraska are at the same latitude, Nebraska has ridiculously cold winters, while Spain is mild.
Going back to air circulation, there are warm and cold air masses throughout the planet, and where they meet, we have fronts, with which come many of our storms. This is an oversimplification, but as winds rotate around air masses and centers of low/high pressure areas, there is often a rather defined "jet stream" which separates cold polar air from tropical air. It is generally more well-defined as the difference between the polar temperature and tropical temperature is greater. With the poles melting and getting warmer as a result of a vicious cycle where water absorbs more heat then ice by being less reflective, the difference between polar temperature and tropical temperature is weaker, making the jet stream go into odd patterns as it has the last few years, with terrible droughts in the Midwest and West, and terribly cold winters, as Canadian air migrates way further south and east than normal, causing some days when Alaska was warmer than Georgia.
Patterns like this would continue, but as the Arctic warms, we would get warmer winters. However, summer would be ridiculously hot, and lead to more hurricanes and severe thunderstorms, fueled by much more energy/heat in the atmosphere. As Earth warms and the sea rises, there would be potential for much more moisture in the atmosphere, leading to a lot more large storms dumping lot of rain at once, thus causing flooding inland as well, not just at he submerged coasts.
On the other side of that, droughts would worsen as it gets hotter, because what little water there is in some places would evaporate easier, and a lot more moisture would have to build up in order to saturate the hotter air. Deserts would expand drastically in some places.
However, remember everything I said about global air cells/circulation? A lot of that would get thrown off too, and a little differently in both hemispheres. There's a lot more sea than land south of the equator, and one continent there is nearly entirely covered by miles of ice. Now imagine turning all of that into fresh water and putting it into the world's saltwater oceans. It would throw off everything and make currents and air circulation extremely unpredictable and confusing.
Another factor is that with more sea and less land, everyone would live closer to the ocean, neutralizing their temperatures somewhat, because it takes more energy to heat or cool water than rock/land.
So, how would we humans respond to all this? If Earth was so hot that the poles had no ice and were therefore above 32 degrees, then that means the tropics would have become uninhabitable due to excessive heat. So, everyone moves closer to the poles and the coasts to survive relatively comfortably in a hotter world with more severe and complex weather with floods during droughts. Farming would become more difficult, as people would go to different terrain further north as the Midwest becomes unbearably hot for half the year. There would be food shortages for a while, and as water falls more but less often, it would also be an important commodity, leading to increased violence and war over these resources and good land for farming. The tropics would be uninhabitable, the climate of the North would become like the climate of the South or Mexico, and deserts would expand further east into the Midwest, and north due to changes in air circulation. With warmer oceans and more ocean area, there would be much more potential for many more increasingly powerful hurricanes to form and threaten people.
Excessive droughts and floods from sever storms would lead to a more unstable world with less predictability and resources. We could survive with better technology and working together, but there would be mass migrations continuing into smaller and smaller habitable zones further from the equator. Living by the ocean would neutralize temperature, but heighten the risk of super-powerful frequent hurricanes striking people. Meanwhile, inland areas would be too hot in the summers to be comfortable or farm efficiently, as crops would be dried out. Habitable zones would be smaller and it would be more expensive and harder to live, but it would be doable. Somewhat post-apocalyptic, and the population of the world but drop significantly or become extremely crowded in select habitable zones, but it would be survivable.
Thanks for reading!
Edit: typo/grammar
TL;DR There would be a lot more drought and flooding and sever storms/hurricanes. Tropics would be way too hot to live in, so people would flock toward the poles, and farming would be harder as weather is less predictable or stable and arable land is limited. It would be survivable for some, but resources would be very limited and the weather would be pretty terrible and tough in most of the world. Thanks for reading! | f520ac44-d53e-4144-b26f-a83cd680de46 |
7vvmmq | If there is no sound in space, how is that car broadcasting Bowie up there? Is it able to be heard if you were near? | Actually were there are molecules there will be sound. If the Tesla passes through a cloud of gas you could in theory hear it, until it passes out of the cloud.
The music will always be playing (until the power run's out) and if you place your head or for that matter your hand on the car you will feel / hear the music with vibration through the car body.
Either way its a nice gesture to David Bowie. | cc217a59-cb3f-4661-aff4-1fbd23cb39b6 |
1ooewn | Why do books have "This page is intentionally left blank" pages? | I work for a small local printer (there's maybe 12 of us) and this is done for a few different reasons and you'll normally see these on the left hand side of your books.
In the event of a textbook/test/manuals, it's to keep people from thinking something is supposed to be there. Most sections/chapters will start on the right side and sometimes previous chapters end on the right side, near the bottom, so to keep people from thinking things were misprinted when they flip the page, a "page left blank" message is printed
we print a handful of government documents and in these it's to make it easier to spot copied/forged/edited documents. Joe Q. Public isn't going to think about switching out front and back pages, so if you've made edits to a page, you're bound to forget to print the "page left blank on purpose"
also, 2 minor bits of trivial book information:
most books have the odd pages on the right and even on the left, as page 1 will be on the right side, where most English reading people are bound to pick up a book and read.
If you take a magazine that's stapled (aka "saddle stitched") and take it apart, each page sheet will have the page number on the left odd, and one on the right is even, and the two added together (unless there's blank lead in pages) will be one more than the number of pages in the magazine. | e7a4cfc7-db47-4649-b66e-b2f26f01d6e0 |
5pzrf6 | Why do so many fast food drive thrus have 2 windows, but always have you pull to the second window? | The reason for this is that if they get very busy, they can have you pay at the first window and receive you food at the second. However if they do not feel they are busy enough to merit the extra worker, they will only have 1 window open. I believe they typically use the 2nd because it is closer to the kitchen and front end of the store. This allows for easier change of order or so the line looks shorter. | fc4bb0f8-0de7-4a7e-b8d8-f259e83462be |
2zvx5w | Imagine a room with mirrors as walls. There is a light source that produces light for a short period of time in it, then the light source stops. Will the room stay bright because the light will bounce of the mirrors for ever? | Ignoring the conundrum of trapping it, which would be impossible, the light would both lose energy with every bounce and be absorbed by the mirror. Mirror's actually have a naturally green tint that absorbs light, which can be viewed when having mirrors facing parallel to each other - the further down the reflection you go, the greener the reflection becomes.
TL;DR no. | bceb619d-d133-4875-b4df-266898ea723a |
vy54h | How misted water and sunlight make a rainbow? | Here's a pretty simple phenomenon to explain.
Sunlight, is composed of many different wavelengths of light sandwiched together. Some of this light isn't even visible to human eyes, however those colors which we can see are part of the visible spectrum: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet and all of the colors in between.
When light enters a new material at an angle it bends. Think of it like a lawnmower going from the sidewalk to the grass. As the first wheel touches the grass that side of the lawnmower is slowed down causing it to turn. When light enters water it can still move through it, but at a slower speed, so it bends, and this bending is known as refraction.
Here's where all of this works together, because red light travels through water at a different speed than violet light, they get bent in different amounts. This creates a rainbow.
Edit: [This](_URL_0_) image should also show why you can only see a rainbow when the sun is behind you. | 143634f6-0507-4607-9217-e953858cdc8e |
3gp5jl | If I set my portable A/C to 20°C when the room temperature is 10°C why/why won't the A/C heat the room? | If you want to use the AC to heat a room, you need to reverse the outputs: The radiator that gets rid of the heat needs to vent inside, and the radiator that produces cool air needs to vent outside.
However, even if you do this, the temperature controller might not consider that application, so you would have to set the target temperature lower than room temperature and regulate it yourself by turning it on and off. | ea0df91d-22e7-49fa-b460-ee787770301e |
8dbwoj | Why is it that people procrastinate? | Many people do it due to perfectionism and anxiety. For example, I’ll put off essays because I’ll worry that if I start an essay early, I won’t be able to do as good a job on it as I would if I’ve had more time to think. I’ll wait and wait, even though I know that if I keep putting it off I’ll end up turning it in late. Then I’ll convince myself that I should just accept the late points because I’ll be able to write a better essay with more time and get a better grade (even with points off for lateness) than I would if I’d just written it on time.
Attention span (especially ADHD), time management, and distraction also play a huge role in procrastination. Sometimes you just want to do something more interesting or fun than the task at hand, and sometimes you’ll be researching something for a paper and end up in a Wikipedia blackhole, reading about the history of the McChicken at 3 am when your essay is due at 9:30 am.
Depression plays a role too. Sometimes you just can’t muster up the energy to complete the task on time.
People procrastinate for many reasons, but according to my extensive experience with procrastination and the many sessions I’ve spent talking about procrastination with psychologists, these are the main reasons. | 994dd7d9-b271-47b6-a356-e18c28e8bb0c |
6mfhcw | how do people die in their sleep in a fire? Wouldn't uncontrolable coughing wake you up first? | The carbon monoxide gas can knock a person unconscious -- so they may be "put to sleep" before they ever wake up. | be750d55-cdc2-4daa-acd3-bb8798edd6a2 |
5nz5i5 | How does a law on paper become enforced? | People are employed to make sure others are complying with relevant laws. These people are known as law enforcement. | e9aa29d0-8ff6-4da5-a56c-1e8f520db7a4 |
29fffs | if a murder were to occur on the ISS, what would be done about it? | [Wikipedia article on space jurisdiction](_URL_0_). [PDF on law in ISS](_URL_1_). [More info](_URL_2_). | cbdd566d-95b7-4fa1-9e70-77e2b89525c1 |
5rkeya | What caused the "Dust Bowl" of the 1930s? What stopped it? Could it happen again? | Cause: Excessive farming. The area that the Dust Bowl took place in had spent centuries/millenia/etc. with grass holding down its dirt against winds in the area. Settlers went west and plowed everything up, and the wind started picking up the dirt.
Stop: Mostly people realizing that over-farming was bad, as well as the government stepping in. DC really got involved when some of the dust storms reached far enough to effect the major eastern population areas.
Could it happen again? Theoretically yes, but we're (hopefully) smart enough to not let it happen. | b18e6586-cc52-4251-be2f-003c87b6ef0f |
4bymks | How come when we eat food that's scalding hot, it doesn't feel like that after we swallow or if it's in our stomach? | Simple. We don't have thermoreceptors (neurons that are able to sense the change in temperature which gives us the sensation of heat and cold) in those organs/tissues. | 1c4504a4-bc9a-43c7-a5cc-1ba91c96681f |
3le7wb | Why do escalators break so easily and why does it take so long to repair them? | Escalators have a hard life. A lot of the time, they are very old, I know some in my city are apparently upwards of 50 years old. They are always in use, always being walked on with wet, muddy shoes and get full of dust and debris. With something so big, they have to decide whether it is worth replacing or repairing. Another thing, you only notice when escalators are broken, yet you might walk on multiple working ones every day. I think the main thing is that because of how many escalators there are in every city in the world, you notice the inconvenience when they are broken but don't notice the convenience of them when they work. | 6623fe5e-1bf2-47be-800f-ee06d47a30a2 |
3inktk | Why are kids so fucking picky? | Firstly, kids have a stronger sense of smell and taste. Many of the things we eat can taste and smell much stronger to kids.
Secondly, kids have a phase when they realize they can refuse things. They realize they can say "no", that they are not mindless subordinate to adults. They learn that they can express they do not want something, and they start saying no to all sorts of stuff, learning their limits when it is appropriate to say no and when it is not. | 86d441e1-c992-4915-a199-37b70a14e913 |
5a8fol | (biochemistry) why does Km decrease for uncompetitive inhibitors? | Uncompetitive Inhibition occurs when an inhibitor can only bind the enzyme-substrate complex. That is, free enzyme is not a target of inhibition, but once a substrate enters so too can the inhibitor. Obviously, because enzymes which are bound to substrates can become blocked, the Vmax must be reduced. Km, however does not have as obvious a change. Because the enzyme-substrate normally exists in equilibrium with the enzyme and substrate, when you remove it from the equilibrium (by binding the inhibitor) the equilibrium actually shifts to replace the missing complex. As a consequence, more substrate binds to more free enzyme until a new equilibrium is established. When one observes this however, it appears as though the substrate has an increased affinity for enzyme (and thus a lower Km). The real reason for this effect however is simply because substrate has now been taken up to form substrate-enzyme AND substrate-enzyme-inhibitor complexes, effectively consuming more substrate that the original, inhibitor-free equilibrium.
_URL_0_... | 5b43bc55-affa-41bd-8a87-65d30142972c |
1nxwgp | How do virus scanners check each file for thousands of different kinds of malware so quickly? | There are a few things to consider:
1. Unless you specifically instruct your AV to do so, it probably *isn't* checking every file on your device. Instead, it targets the 'problem areas' where viruses are mostly known to inhabit.
2. While there have been many, many, many viruses throughout history, most of them are now obsolete. They 'die' as soon as a patch is issued, or a new software version becomes available, etc. So there's normally no need to scan for every known virus; only the *current* ones. This cuts down the size of the search by an order of magnitude.
3. Viruses are a bit like fingerprints. While each one has its own specific "signature", they also have a lot in common with each other, and you can 'spot them from a distance'. For example, you could compare your fingerprint with that of someone from Uganda, and another person from China, and someone else from France, and they'd look quite similar in many respects. These 'heuristics' are good at identifying patterns and trends, and - while it's not 100% perfect - it's a fairly reliable and speedy trick.
4. And - perhaps most importantly - the processing power of our devices these days is *incredibly* good. Checking a virus definition isn't like rendering a full-HD game environment on screen. It's not very intensive, and so the computer can do it quite quickly. | 15c51b24-ae6f-4717-86e6-f68455f30896 |
6dvx55 | Why can I use headphones as a microphone and not a microphone as a speaker(s)? | You can if the mic is a dynamic (electromagnetic) mic. Most mics are electret condenser mics. If you do try to use a dynamic mic as a speaker, you will get very little sound and will burn out the coil if you try to get more sound. Microphones are made with thin wires and small diaphragms. | 583595fe-56d4-445d-b20e-375f5cc7809c |
78a0bj | Why do people twitch, or jump, while they are falling asleep? | Ah I hate these! It's a called a hypnagogic jerk and they occur during the transition between being awake and asleep. There are a couple of theories for them, such as accidental neuron misfiring, but I like the evolutionary approach to the phenomena.
The theory goes that the jerk originates from our origins - when we may have been resting up in trees and hiding from predators. Accidentally falling asleep in these conditions would definitely benefit from this sudden hypnagogic jerk so we could quickly grab a branch to stop us falling out. | 837f4810-c21f-4667-9195-1cac8729f3d8 |
4yi6yv | When reading nutritional information labels what is the remaining weight made of? | Water it is. There is pretty much nothing else that could possibly be it. A very small percentage would be some technological additives like preservatives, colourants and stuff, but they usually are used in insignificant amounts (10s of mg/kg). Oh and possibly air if you think about some puffy bread, but that too is absolutely insignificant considering its density. Even dehydrated products can not be completely dry, but youd notice the "missing mass" should be much lower than say ham or canned vegetables. | 8f150581-2bdf-4bd4-951a-bf0eaff15c26 |
10bl1i | How does wind 'suck' a door shut? | Venturi effect. Air flowing through a restriction--even if only restricted on one side, such as when it flows past your open garage door--creates a low-pressure area as it must flow faster to get past the restriction. Higher pressure air inside the house then blows the door at the top of the stairs shut.
The Venturi effect is also used in airbrushes, perfume sprays and carburetors, to draw liquid from a reservoir and into the air stream, breaking the liquid into a fine mist. | c0455b4b-bb2d-4a22-84d7-a0d3e7a59160 |
2pl7ca | Can someone explain why is it when you crouch down, take deep breaths and quickly stand up, you get dizzy? | Hyperventilating [reduces the level of carbon dioxide in the blood](_URL_0_). Rising carbon dioxide levels signal to the brain that you need to breathe - hyperventilating before hand allows oxygen levels to fall further before this happens. This is explained on [this wikipedia page](_URL_1_).
Standing up rapidly reduces the amount of blood reaching the brain, as the heart takes time to adjust to the extra load. | 945c2daa-6f00-43a7-bd3e-aff88e460185 |
6lwtof | What causes someone's voice to sound so much different than the norm (i.e. Gilbert Gottfried, Ray Romano) ? Is there a distinct physical difference in those people's larynges? | No idea. I was curious too. but I do know Gilbert Gottfrieds voice is fake. he's over the top on purpose.
_URL_0_ | fc715464-55fb-4bd9-8fff-448dad65b789 |
22nkfk | The process for writing a song | This has more to do with lyrics or stories or just writing in general but I think Neil Gaiman sums it up very well in my opinion.
"You write. That’s the hard bit that nobody sees. You write on the good days and you write on the lousy days. Like a shark, you have to keep moving forward or you die. Writing may or may not be your salvation; it might or might not be your destiny. But that does not matter. What matters right now are the words, one after another. Find the next word. Write it down. Repeat. Repeat. Repeat" | e239eec3-af50-4e5e-aaad-c9b24e8aac33 |
5iw0fl | Where does the $$ for universal basic income come from? If an entire country is making UBI, where do the tax dollars come from? | So the issue here is that people are still going to have jobs and work in companies. Many people are still going to work because they enjoy their jobs, because they want to have more money beyond the UBI, because it will keep them busy. The idea is that enough people will still be working that the economy will function enough that the government will give the UBI.
There are some who don't believe it would work that way, but that's why this hasn't been implemented universally. | f7fd3739-6d51-4bf3-873f-71b0fc5d0832 |
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