url
stringlengths 14
5.47k
| tag
stringclasses 1
value | text
stringlengths 60
624k
| file_path
stringlengths 110
155
| dump
stringclasses 96
values | file_size_in_byte
int64 60
631k
| line_count
int64 1
6.84k
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
https://www.tradebit.com/filedetail.php/281697698-differential-equations-with-mathematica-3rd-edition
|
math
|
Sold by ledsin on Tradebit The world's largest download marketplace 2,999,533 satisfied buyers
Differential Equations with Mathematica (3rd Edition)
The Third Edition of the Differential Equations with Mathematica integrates new applications from a variety of fields,especially biology, physics, and engineering. The new handbook is also completely compatible with recent versions of Mathematica and is a perfect introduction for Mathematica beginners.
- Focuses on the most often used features of Mathematica for the beginning Mathematica user
- New applications from a variety of fields, including engineering, biology, and physics
- All applications were completed using recent versions of Mathematica
Professional and student mathematicians, engineers, and scientists.
eBook ISBN: 9780080521794
Imprint: Academic Press
Published Date: 23rd February 2004
This file is sold by ledsin, an independent seller on Tradebit.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400219221.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20200924132241-20200924162241-00433.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2020-40
| 921 | 11 |
https://projecteuclid.org/journals/banach-journal-of-mathematical-analysis/volume-13/issue-4/Weak-frames-in-Hilbert-C-modules-with-application-in-Gabor/10.1215/17358787-2019-0021.short
|
math
|
In the first part, we describe the dual of the standard Hilbert -module over an arbitrary (not necessarily unital) -algebra . When is a von Neumann algebra, this enables us to construct explicitly a self-dual Hilbert -module that is isometrically isomorphic to , which contains , and whose -valued inner product extends the original inner product on . This serves as a concrete realization of a general construction for Hilbert -modules over von Neumann algebras introduced by Paschke. Then we introduce a concept of a weak Bessel sequence and a weak frame in Hilbert -modules over von Neumann algebras. The dual is recognized as a suitable target space for the analysis operator. We describe fundamental properties of weak frames such as the correspondence with surjective adjointable operators, the canonical dual, the reconstruction formula, and so on, first for self-dual modules and then, working in the dual, for general modules. The last part describes a class of Hilbert -modules over , where is a bounded interval on the real line, that appears naturally in connection with Gabor (i.e., Weyl–Heisenberg) systems. We then demonstrate that Gabor Bessel systems and Gabor frames in are in a bijective correspondence with weak Bessel systems and weak frames of translates by in these modules over , where are the lattice parameters. In this setting new proofs of several classical results on Gabor frames are demonstrated and some new ones are obtained.
"Weak frames in Hilbert -modules with application in Gabor analysis." Banach J. Math. Anal. 13 (4) 1017 - 1075, October 2019. https://doi.org/10.1215/17358787-2019-0021
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964358443.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20211128013650-20211128043650-00315.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2021-49
| 1,629 | 2 |
https://steemit.com/poetry/@cerella/who-i-am
|
math
|
WHO I AM?
And she started to think
He began to philosophize
And a question was asked
Some answer with doubt.
That has been wanted for a long time
And this has always been searched inside
Well the answer is sought by each individual
Who I am? A question that is a test.
Well all those who have searched for the answer
He thinks about it a lot
More others have tried
Find the answer from the other side.
And it has worked for them
That question that remains unchanged
That question that you have made analyze
The existence of everyone in this sentient world
The existence of one in this too tangible illusion.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780057584.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20210924231621-20210925021621-00541.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2021-39
| 607 | 18 |
http://positron-investments.com/en/options-strategies/bullish-strategies/long-call/
|
math
|
The simplest of all bullish strategies is the long call.
It is the purchase of call options.
When to use
When we believe that the price of the underline security will rise and the implied volatility is relatively low.
Loss/Profit at expiration
Maximum loss: Limited to the premium we have paid (plus commissions).
Maximum profit: Unlimited as long as the stock price keeps on advancing (minus commissions).
For a long call with strike price $25 and premium $2/share the profit/loss diagram is:
Long call strategy example
Suppose that we have spotted a new uptrend on ETF SPY which is defined by the higher lows 1,3 and the higher highs 2,4 (circled areas below). We can open a long call position at point 5 if the implied volatility is relatively low and if we believe that the price of SPY will keep on advancing. A stop loss can be placed below the lower point of the green circled candlestick in case our expectation is wrong.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178347321.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20210224194337-20210224224337-00525.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2021-10
| 929 | 10 |
https://glsrn.com/qa/quick-answer-what-is-the-difference-between-yield-and-coupon-rate.html
|
math
|
- What does coupon rate mean?
- Why is lower coupon rate high risk?
- Is Yield to Maturity Fixed?
- When a bond’s yield to maturity is less?
- What is yield to worst?
- Is High Yield to Maturity good?
- What is the coupon effect?
- Are bonds a good investment in 2020?
- What is the coupon rate formula?
- What is yield formula?
- Why yield to maturity is important?
- Is yield to call higher than yield to maturity?
- Is interest rate and yield to maturity the same?
- Why is the coupon rate higher than the yield?
- What is the difference between yield and yield to maturity?
- How YTM is calculated?
- What happens when yield to maturity increases?
What does coupon rate mean?
A coupon rate is the yield paid by a fixed-income security; a fixed-income security’s coupon rate is simply just the annual coupon payments paid by the issuer relative to the bond’s face or par value.
The coupon rate, or coupon payment, is the yield the bond paid on its issue date..
Why is lower coupon rate high risk?
Bonds offering lower coupon rates generally will have higher interest rate risk than similar bonds that offer higher coupon rates. … If market interest rates rise, then the price of the bond with the 2% coupon rate will fall more than that of the bond with the 4% coupon rate.
Is Yield to Maturity Fixed?
The main difference between the YTM of a bond and its coupon rate is that the coupon rate is fixed whereas the YTM fluctuates over time. The coupon rate is contractually fixed, whereas the YTM changes based on the price paid for the bond as well as the interest rates available elsewhere in the marketplace.
When a bond’s yield to maturity is less?
Yield to maturity (YTM) = [(Face value/Present value)1/Time period]-1. If the YTM is less than the bond’s coupon rate, then the market value of the bond is greater than par value ( premium bond). If a bond’s coupon rate is less than its YTM, then the bond is selling at a discount.
What is yield to worst?
Yield to worst is a measure of the lowest possible yield that can be received on a bond that fully operates within the terms of its contract without defaulting. … The yield to worst metric is used to evaluate the worst-case scenario for yield at the earliest allowable retirement date.
Is High Yield to Maturity good?
The high-yield bond is better for the investor who is willing to accept a degree of risk in return for a higher return. The risk is that the company or government issuing the bond will default on its debts.
What is the coupon effect?
The coupon rate on a bond vis-a-vis prevailing market interest rates has a large impact on how bonds are priced. If a coupon is higher than the prevailing interest rate, the bond’s price rises; if the coupon is lower, the bond’s price falls.
Are bonds a good investment in 2020?
Many bond investments have gained a significant amount of value so far in 2020, and that’s helped those with balanced portfolios with both stocks and bonds hold up better than they would’ve otherwise. … Bonds have a reputation for safety, but they can still lose value.
What is the coupon rate formula?
Coupon rate is calculated by adding up the total amount of annual payments made by a bond, then dividing that by the face value (or “par value”) of the bond. … To calculate the bond coupon rate we add the total annual payments then divide that by the bond’s par value: ($50 + $50) = $100. $100 / $1,000 = 0.10.
What is yield formula?
Yield should not be confused with total return, which is a more comprehensive measure of return on investment. Yield is calculated as: Yield = Net Realized Return / Principal Amount. For example, the gains and return on stock investments can come in two forms.
Why yield to maturity is important?
The primary importance of yield to maturity is the fact that it enables investors to draw comparisons between different securities and the returns they can expect from each. It is critical for determining which securities to add to their portfolios.
Is yield to call higher than yield to maturity?
Key Takeaways. Yield to maturity is the total return that will be paid out from the time of a bond’s purchase to its expiration date. Yield to call is the price that will be paid if the issuer of a callable bond opts to pay it off early. Callable bonds generally offer a slightly higher yield to maturity.
Is interest rate and yield to maturity the same?
Interest rate is the amount of interest expressed as a percentage of a bond’s face value. Yield to maturity is the actual rate of return based on a bond’s market price if the buyer holds the bond to maturity.
Why is the coupon rate higher than the yield?
If the investor purchases the bond at a discount, its yield to maturity will be higher than its coupon rate. A bond purchased at a premium will have a yield to maturity that is lower than its coupon rate. YTM represents the average return of the bond over its remaining lifetime.
What is the difference between yield and yield to maturity?
A bond’s current yield is an investment’s annual income, including both interest payments and dividends payments, which are then divided by the current price of the security. Yield to maturity (YTM) is the total return anticipated on a bond if the bond is held until its maturation date.
How YTM is calculated?
YTM = the discount rate at which all the present value of bond future cash flows equals its current price. … However, one can easily calculate YTM by knowing the relationship between bond price and its yield. When the bond is priced at par, the coupon rate is equal to the bond’s interest rate.
What happens when yield to maturity increases?
Without calculations: When the YTM increases, the price of the bond decreases. Without calculations: When the YTM decreases, the price of the bond increases. (Note that you don’t need calculations for this price, because the YTM is equal to the coupon rate). to a change in the interest rate (YTM).
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703538431.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20210123191721-20210123221721-00181.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2021-04
| 5,974 | 52 |
https://www.poemhunter.com/poem/my-pilgrimage/
|
math
|
I am on a pilgrimage, I cross paths with my destiny.
My Destiny led me to my Destination.
My Ability gave me Capacity.
My Sacrifice gave birth to Satisfaction.
My Cross led me to my Crown.
My Attitude gave me Magnitude.
My Gratitude took me to a high Altitude.
My Vision gave me a Mission.
My Fate brought me Fortune.
My Activity gave me Responsibility.
My Sagacity led me to Success.
My Penitence took me to the Palace.
My Rectitude brought me a Reward.
My Pilgrimage took me to Paradise.
My Anticipation gave me Participation.
My Friendship brought me Fame.
My Accountability gave me Credibility.
My Faith built for me a Fortress.
My Objectivity brought me Connectivity.
My Humility gave me a bumper Harvest.
My Fantasy took me to Ecstasy.
My Recompense gave me Redemption.
My Rigour brought me Recommendation.
My Mantra led me to a Miracle.
My Crush took me on a Cruise.
My Talent gave me an Appointment
Topic(s) of this poem: destination
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703512342.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20210117112618-20210117142618-00331.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2021-04
| 941 | 27 |
https://edu-answer.com/mathematics/question515205652
|
math
|
or, 2by² = a-c
or, y² = (a-c)/2b
a difference is the result of subtraction. while each of these expressions has subtraction in it, a difference will be the result when subtraction is the last operation applied in the order of operations for the expression. this means subtraction must be outside of the parenthesis. only b has this.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572898.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817092402-20220817122402-00191.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
| 334 | 3 |
http://www.edurite.com/kbase/application-newtons-law-of-inertia
|
math
|
application newtons law of inertia
Best Results From
Wikipedia Yahoo Answers Youtube
Newton's laws of motion
Newton's laws of motion consist of three physical law s that form the basis for classical mechanics. They describe the relationship between the forces acting on a body and its motion due to those forces. They have been expressed in several different ways over nearly three centuries, and can
From Yahoo Answers
Question:I am doing a science project . Is a girl riding a surf board considered to be Newtons first law of motion ? I have a science Project and isnt a girl riding a surfboard considered to be Newtons first law? & Newtons First law, isnt it An object will stay at rest unless another object will act upon it???
Answers:Theoretically, this is a scenario where the three Laws Of Newton can be applicable.
Anyway, Newton's 1st Law is also known as the Law of Inertia and fora science project, I would suggest a very simple demonstration like so.
Place a block (or any object) on a smooth table. Note that this block is not moving initially. If you apply an external force on it (in other words, push or pull it), the block will obviously move consistent with the direction of the applied force.
If the external force is taken off (i.e., you stop pushing or pulling), the block will simply stop. Another way the block will stop is when something stops it from moving. It could be an impediment or simply anything that will prevent the block from moving.
Hope this helps.
Answers:First off, every action has an equal and opposite reaction. If you look at a helicopter, the blade on top spins, and it needs the blade rotating in the back to keep the cabin from spinning like crazy. Then second, inertia, a plane takes off to a high altitude, then it only needs to produce enough thrust to overcome air resistance to maintain speed, inertia does the rest.
Answers:inertia, force, reaction?
Question:How do you apply Newton's 3 Laws of Motion to the medical field?
Answers:First law - An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force. An object in motion continues in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
This law is often called "the law of inertia".
Blood flow around the body will continue until a force stops it (eg tourniquet)
Second law - Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass. The greater the mass (of the object being accelerated) the greater the amount of force needed (to accelerate the object).
Ask the trolley pushers - the heavier the patient, the more force needed to push them along on the trolley.
Third law - For every action there is an equal and opposite re-action.
The higher the medical bill - the closer the patient's jaw is to the ground.
No - update - wouldn't blood pressure cuff show that when an object pushes it gets pushed back in the opposite direction with equal force ???
(yeah - i'm starting to struggle)
Inertia :Check us out at www.tutorvista.com Inertia is the resistance of any physical object to a change in its state of motion. It is represented numerically by an object's mass. The principle of inertia is one of the fundamental principles of classical physics which are used to describe the motion of matter and how it is affected by applied forces. Inertia comes from the Latin word, "iners", meaning idle, or lazy. In common usage, however, people may also use the term "inertia" to refer to an object's "amount of resistance to change in velocity" (which is quantified by its mass), or sometimes to its momentum, depending on the context (eg "this object has a lot of inertia"). The term "inertia" is more properly understood as shorthand for "the principle of inertia" as described by Newton in his First Law of Motion. This law, expressed simply, says that an object that is not subject to any net external force moves at a constant velocity. In even simpler terms, inertia means that an object will always continue moving at its current speed and in its current direction until some force causes its speed or direction to change. This would include an object that is not in motion (velocity = zero), which will remain at rest until some force causes it to move. On the surface of the Earth the nature of inertia is often masked by the effects of friction, which generally tends to decrease the speed of moving objects (often even to the point of rest), and by the acceleration due to gravity. The ...
Newton's Laws Of Motion (1) : The Law Of Inertia :ESA Science - Newton In Space (Part 1): Newton's First Law of Motion - The Law of Inertia Newton's laws of motion are three physical laws that form the basis for classical mechanics. They have been expressed in several different ways over nearly three centuries. --- Please subscribe to Science & Reason: www.youtube.com www.youtube.com www.youtube.com --- The laws describe the relationship between the forces acting on a body and the motion of that body. They were first compiled by Sir Isaac Newton in his work "Philosophi Naturalis Principia Mathematica", first published on July 5, 1687. Newton used them to explain and investigate the motion of many physical objects and systems. For example, in the third volume of the text, Newton showed that these laws of motion, combined with his law of universal gravitation, explained Kepler's laws of planetary motion. --- Newton's First Law of Motion An object in motion will stay in motion, unless an outside force acts upon it. There exists a set of inertial reference frames relative to which all particles with no net force acting on them will move without change in their velocity. Newton's first law is often referred to as the law of inertia. en.wikipedia.org .
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818688671.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20170922055805-20170922075805-00546.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2017-39
| 5,728 | 26 |
https://www.routledge.com/Partial-Differential-Equations-with-Variable-Exponents-Variational-Methods/Radulescu-Repovs/p/book/9781498703413
|
math
|
Partial Differential Equations with Variable Exponents
Variational Methods and Qualitative Analysis
Prices & shipping based on shipping country
Partial Differential Equations with Variable Exponents: Variational Methods and Qualitative Analysis provides researchers and graduate students with a thorough introduction to the theory of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) with a variable exponent, particularly those of elliptic type.
The book presents the most important variational methods for elliptic PDEs described by nonhomogeneous differential operators and containing one or more power-type nonlinearities with a variable exponent. The authors give a systematic treatment of the basic mathematical theory and constructive methods for these classes of nonlinear elliptic equations as well as their applications to various processes arising in the applied sciences.
The analysis developed in the book is based on the notion of a generalized or weak solution. This approach leads not only to the fundamental results of existence and multiplicity of weak solutions but also to several qualitative properties, including spectral analysis, bifurcation, and asymptotic analysis.
The book examines the equations from different points of view while using the calculus of variations as the unifying theme. Readers will see how all of these diverse topics are connected to other important parts of mathematics, including topology, differential geometry, mathematical physics, and potential theory.
Table of Contents
Isotropic and Anisotropic Function Spaces
Lebesgue and Sobolev Spaces with Variable Exponent
History of function spaces with variable exponent
Lebesgue spaces with variable exponent
Sobolev spaces with variable exponent
Dirichlet energies and Euler–Lagrange equations
Anisotropic function spaces
Variational Analysis of Problems with Variable Exponents
Nonlinear Degenerate Problems in Non-Newtonian Fluids
A boundary value problem with nonhomogeneous differential operator
Nonlinear eigenvalue problems with two variable exponents
A sublinear perturbation of the eigenvalue problem associated to the Laplace operator
Variable exponents versus Morse theory and local linking
The Caffarelli–Kohn–Nirenberg inequality with variable exponent
Spectral Theory for Differential Operators with Variable Exponent
Continuous spectrum for differential operators with two variable exponents
A nonlinear eigenvalue problem with three variable exponents and lack of compactness
Concentration phenomena: the case of several variable exponents and indefinite potential
Anisotropic problems with lack of compactness and nonlinear boundary condition
Nonlinear Problems in Orlicz–Sobolev Spaces
Existence and multiplicity of solutions
A continuous spectrum for nonhomogeneous operators
Nonlinear eigenvalue problems with indefinite potential
Multiple solutions in Orlicz–Sobolev spaces
Neumann problems in Orlicz–Sobolev spaces
Anisotropic Problems: Continuous and Discrete
Eigenvalue problems for anisotropic elliptic equations
Combined effects in anisotropic elliptic equations
Anisotropic problems with no-flux boundary condition
Bifurcation for a singular problem modelling the equilibrium of anisotropic continuous media
Difference Equations with Variable Exponent
Eigenvalue problems associated to anisotropic difference operators
Homoclinic solutions of difference equations with variable exponents
Low-energy solutions for discrete anisotropic equations
Appendix A: Ekeland Variational Principle
Appendix B: Mountain Pass Theorem
A Glossary is included at the end of each chapter.
Vicentiu D. Radulescu is a distinguished adjunct professor at the King Abdulaziz University of Jeddah, a professorial fellow at the "Simion Stoilow" Mathematics Institute of the Romanian Academy, and a professor of mathematics at the University of Craiova. He is the author of several books and more than 200 research papers in nonlinear analysis. He is a Highly Cited Researcher (Thomson Reuters) and a member of the Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti. He received his Ph.D. from the Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris 6).
Dušan D. Repovš is a professor of geometry and topology at the University of Ljubljana and head of the Topology, Geometry and Nonlinear Analysis Group at the Institute of Mathematics, Physics and Mechanics in Ljubljana. He is the author of several books and more than 300 research papers in topology and nonlinear analysis. He is a member of the New York Academy of Sciences, the European Academy of Sciences, and the Engineering Academy of Slovenia. He received his Ph.D. from Florida State University.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296943704.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20230321162614-20230321192614-00091.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2023-14
| 4,643 | 47 |
https://extraextravagant.com/skin-problem/how-do-you-calculate-1-mole-of-nacl.html
|
math
|
How do you find moles of NaCl?
One mole of sodium (Na) is 22.99 g, and 1 mole of chlorine is 35.45 g. For sodium chloride (NaCl) they are in a ratio of 1:1 so the molar mass of NaCl is 22.99 + 35.45 = 58.44 g/mol.
How do you calculate 1 mole of sodium?
In this example, multiply the grams of Na by the conversion factor 1 mol Na/ 22.98 g Na, with 22.98g being the molar mass of one mole of Na, which then allows cancelation of grams, leaving moles of Na.
What is the mass of 2.5 moles of NaCl?
Answer: molar mass of NaCl is 58.5 gm/mol.
What is the formula for moles to grams?
In order to convert the moles of a substance to grams, you will need to multiply the mole value of the substance by its molar mass.
How many grams are there in 1 mole of carbon?
The value of the mole is equal to the number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of pure carbon-12. 12.00 g C-12 = 1 mol C-12 atoms = 6.022 × 1023 atoms • The number of particles in 1 mole is called Avogadro’s Number (6.0221421 x 1023).
How many moles of Na are there in 1 mole of NaCl?
6.023*10^23 atoms of Na = 1 mol of Na. 6.023*10^23 atoms of Cl = 1 mol of Cl. 6.023*10^23 molecules of NaCl = 1 mol of NaCl.
What is the formula for calculating moles?
Divide the number of grams of each reactant by the number of grams per mole for that reactant. 50.0 g of Na are used in this reaction, and there are 22.990 g/mol. 50.0 ÷ 22.990 = 2.1749. 2.1749 moles of Na are used in this reaction.
What is a mole and how is it calculated?
How is a mole calculated? If you want to know how many moles of a material you have, divide the mass of the material by its molar mass. The molar mass of a substance is the mass in grams of one mole of that substance.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572077.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814204141-20220814234141-00226.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
| 1,700 | 16 |
https://everydayecon.wordpress.com/2010/08/
|
math
|
Narayana Kocherlakota, president of the Minneapolis Fed made the following statement in a speech last week:
Long-run monetary neutrality is an uncontroversial, simple, but nonetheless profound proposition. In particular, it implies that if the FOMC maintains the fed funds rate at its current level of 0-25 basis points for too long, both anticipated and actual inflation have to become negative.
This set off a firestorm of criticism among a variety of folks in the blogosphere (just do a quick Google search). With that in mind, I thought that I would revisit an influential paper on the topic.
In 1992, Peter Howitt wrote a paper entitled, “Interest rate control and nonconvergence to rational expectations.” The purpose of the paper was to illustrate to many economists at the time the central insight of Wicksell’s cumulative process in which the control of interest rates by the central bank might lead to accelerating inflation (or deflation).
To illustrate this point, he used a model with the following two equations (an IS equation and a Phillips curve, respectively):
y(t) = -a[i(t) – pe(t) – r*]
p(t) = pe(t) + by(t)
where y(t) is output, i(t) is the nominal interest rate, pe(t) is expected inflation, r* is the natural real rate of interest, p(t) is inflation, and a and b are parameters.
Now suppose that the central bank decides to leave the interest rate fixed at ‘i’. Under rational expectations, in which p(t) = pe(t), there is one unique solution:
p(t) = p(t)* = i – r
where p(t)* is used to denote the rational expectations equilibrium rate of inflation. Thus, if the nominal interest rate is fixed at zero, the rate of inflation that prevails is
p(t) = -r
This seems to be where Kocherlakota is getting his conclusion. According to the model, under rational expectations the equilibrium inflation rate will be negative.
Now suppose that rational expectations does not hold. What will happen to inflation? Typically, it is assumed that even in the absence of rational expectations, individuals are able to learn from their forecast errors and therefore they ultimately end up at the ratex solution. Thus, it is important to consider what would happen in this model if forecast errors exist.
To obtain the possible forecast error, we can replace i(t) – r* in the IS equation with p(t)*, the rational expectations equilibrium solution. Now combine the IS equation and the Phillips curve by substituting for y in the Phillips curve. Doing so allows us to express the forecast error as follows:
p(t) – pe(t) = ab[pe(t) – p(t)*] (1)
Now suppose that the central bank sets the nominal interest rate such that the real rate of interest is lower than the natural rate of interest. Wicksell argued that in this scenario accelerating inflation would result. How can we test this in our model. Well, if the real rate of interest is less than the natural rate it must be true that:
r < r*
i – pe(t) < i – p(t)*
pe(t) > p(t)*
In other words, if the nominal rate of interest is set by the central bank such that the real rate of interest is lower than the natural rate, inflation expectations will be greater than the rational expectations equilibrium rate of inflation. Returning to equation (1), if inflation expectations are higher than the rational expectations equilibrium rate of inflation, the actual rate of inflation will be higher than the expected rate of inflation. If we assume that individuals have adaptive expectations, this means that they will revise their expectation of inflation upward. The importance of this finding is that even if individuals are able to learn from their forecast error, they will be led AWAY from the rational expectations equilibrium. In other words, it will not follow that expectations will eventually converge on the rational expectation.
So why is any of this important? Isn’t Kocherlakota simply claiming that we live in a world of rational expectations, which most macroeconomists
It is important because Kocherlakota subsequently makes this statement:
If the FOMC hews too closely to conventional thinking, it might be inclined to keep its target rate low. That kind of reaction would simply re-enforce the deflationary expectations and lead to many years of deflation.
This statement seems to imply that the Fed should start thinking about raising interest rates. However, unless individuals have rational expectations from the outset (they perfectly forecast inflation), raising the interest rate is likely to push the real rate of interest (further) above the natural rate thereby causing (accelerating) deflation.
[A quick note: Howitt’s finding is robust to different learning mechanisms and to a flexible price framework. Interestingly enough, Howitt actually identifies what has come to be known as the Taylor principle in this paper as well.]
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296944996.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20230323034459-20230323064459-00632.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2023-14
| 4,837 | 26 |
https://www.algebrahouse.com/examples/archives/02-2013
|
math
|
In a certain triangle, the longest side is 1 foot longer than the second longest side, and the second-longest side is 1 foot longer than the shortest side. If the perimeter is 21 feet, how many feet long is the shortest side?
What is 5% of 50 ?
What are three consecutive odd integers whose sum is equal to five more than two times the second largest number among the three numbers?
For every dollar that Juan gets, Felipe gets $3. They made $3600 , how much did Felipe make?
Find three consecutive integers, such that twice the first added to the last is 23.
In the equation y = 6p - 23, if p is a positive whole number, which of the following is the least
value of p for which y is positive?
What is the vertex of the parabola y = x² + 8x + 5 ?
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510300.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20230927135227-20230927165227-00690.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2023-40
| 747 | 8 |
https://edurev.in/studytube/Additional-Questions-Systematic-Savings-and-Invest/6e23da23-16aa-420c-8ca7-9c47d1ea4ddd_t
|
math
|
Q.1. What is Investment?
Investments means employment of funds in Financial or Real assets with an element of risk involved in respect of return and the principal amount with the hope of deriving future benefits.
Q.2. Name the types of assets with examples in which investment can be made.
(i) Financial assets: e.g. Equity Shares, Debentures, provident Fund investment, Insurance policies etc.
(ii) Real assets: e.g. Real estate, Gold, silver, Stamps, coins etc.
Q.3. What is Speculation?
Short term investments are known as speculation. The speculator makes use of the fluctuations in the movement of price of an asset and has high risk. There are mainly two categories of speculators in stock market namely bulls and bears.
Q.4. Why investment is necessary?
(i) To earn above inflation.
(ii) To get tax advantage.
(iii) To get return on investment.
(iv) To create collateral (additional) security for future needs.
Q.5. What do you mean by Time value of money?
Time value of money is a concept that addresses the way the value of money changes over a period of time. Finding Amount from A=P(1 + r/100)n is the future value of money and finding principal from the given formula is the present value of money.
Q.6. What is Systematic Investment Plan (SIP)?
Systematic Investment Plan is the investment of a fixed amount in any of the financial assets at regular interval. It is the the simple and timely investment strategy for accumulating wealth and capital appreciation.
Q.7. What is the present value of Rs 121 to be received after 2 years, when discounted at 10% p.a?
We know that Amount=Principal(1+r/100)2
Or, 121=Principal (1+10/100)2
Or, 121= Principal(1.10)2
Or, 121/(1.10)2 = Principal
Or, 121/1.21 = Principal
Or, Principal = 100.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00382.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
| 1,743 | 23 |
https://www.markdambrosiomusic.com/store/Tacta-F-Kurd-9-p173354310
|
math
|
Tacta F# Kurd 9
$2,400 includes the handpan plus a free soft case with protective steel helmet included.
Pitches: (F#) C# D E F# G# A B C# E
Meet the maker:
Tacta handpans from São Paulo, Brazil was founded in 2015 by Rafael D’Arco. Tacta was one of Brazil's first ever handpan manufacturers and is known as one of the first handpan companies to popularize the use of stainless steel.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618039601956.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20210423041014-20210423071014-00278.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2021-17
| 387 | 5 |
https://www.p4photel.com/take-survey/fleet-maintenance-agreement-cost-per-device
|
math
|
I've seen this before and would like to know how the rest of us are billing for maintenance supply agreements for copiers.
Here's the scenario:
You have 3 copiers that are the same brand, model number and delivered at the same time to the same location. Each system is located in a different work group. Each workgroup has a different volume of black & white per quarter. However, the total volume for all three for color is 12,000 per quarter for color and 24,000 per quarter for black.
Can you use the total volume of all three and then use your maintenance & supply pricing that is based on one system doing that volume?
Or do you have to look at the volume of each system and marry that to the correct maintenance supply pricing and then average the cost per quarter and the cost per page?
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320305423.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220128074016-20220128104016-00030.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2022-05
| 793 | 5 |
https://www.dissertations.se/about/solution+problems+theory+of+elasticity+by+timoshenko/
|
math
|
Search for dissertations about: "solution problems theory of elasticity by timoshenko"
Found 1 swedish dissertation containing the words solution problems theory of elasticity by timoshenko.
1. Solution to boundary-contact problems of elasticity in mathematical models of the printing-plate contact system for flexographic printing
Abstract : Boundary-contact problems (BCPs) are studied within the frames ofclassical mathematical theory of elasticity and plasticityelaborated by Landau, Kupradze, Timoshenko, Goodier, Fichera andmany others on the basis of analysis of two- and three-dimensionalboundary value problems for linear partial differential equations.A great attention is traditionally paid both to theoreticalinvestigations using variational methods and boundary singularintegral equations (Muskhelishvili) and construction of solutionsin the form that admit efficient numerical evaluation (Kupradze). READ MORE
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487658814.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20210620054240-20210620084240-00023.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2021-25
| 923 | 4 |
https://answers.unrealengine.com/questions/419195/view.html
|
math
|
Probleme black faces in rendering
Lately, I have a problem and I do not find a solution.
(I've circled in the picture)
Can - you help me solve this problem please?
asked May 12 '16 at 04:41 PM in Rendering
Follow this question
Once you sign in you will be able to subscribe for any updates here
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-30/segments/1563195525133.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20190717081450-20190717103450-00226.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2019-30
| 294 | 7 |
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/9634138/Would-you-pass-the-new-trainee-teacher-test.html
|
math
|
Under plans announced today, trainee teachers will be forced to sit tough new literacy and numeracy exams before being allowed to enter the classroom amid concerns over standards in the three-Rs.
But how tough are the new tests really going to be? And how do they compare with the current system?
Find out for yourself by trying the below questions – remember, calculators are allowed for the current tests, but not for the proposed new questions...
Current numeracy question (calculator allowed)
An ICT teacher compares the cost of building a paper-based ICT portfolio with the cost of using commercial e-portfolio software. The number of pupils on the course is 125. On average each paper-based portfolio includes 75 printed pages.
Costs are: printing – 2.5p per page; ring binder – 75p.
The total cost of the e-portfolio software is £250.00 per year.
How much money would the school save by using the e-portfolio software? Give your answer to the nearest pound.
Current literacy question
Spell the missing word in the sentence (requires audio):
Nadine was _________ that she had passed her Geography examination.
Apart from the _________ details, the art lesson was truly inspired.
Proposed numerical question (no calculator allowed)
1. The cost, £C, of advertising in a newspaper is worked out using the formula: C = 0.4n + 0.75 where n is the number of words in the advertisement.
a) The cost of an advertisement is £11.55. How many words are in the advertisement?
b) If I have only £9.00, how many words can I afford?
2. The mean age of the 11 members of a football team is 22 years.
a) When one member of the football team was sent off, the mean age of the rest of the team was 21 years. How old was the player who was sent off?
b) The modal age of the 11 players is 17 and only the 3 youngest players are aged 17. The median age of the 11 players is 20. What is the maximum possible age of one of the players?
Proposed composition question
‘Every teacher is a teacher of English. Discuss.’
Current numeracy question: £78
Current literacy question: relieved; administrative.
Proposed numeracy questions: 1. a) 27; b) 20; 2. a) 32 b) 41
Proposed composition question: ...
Further examples of the current types of questions trainee teachers are asked in the skills tests can be found online:
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-09/segments/1487501172447.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20170219104612-00379-ip-10-171-10-108.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2017-09
| 2,311 | 26 |
https://www.hdtimeline.com/threads/so-i-have-a-1957-servi-car.31309/
|
math
|
I recently had a 1957 Police Edition Servi Car passed down to me. Everything on the bike is in good condition. The only problem is that the front end is not original. Can anybody tell me where I'd be able to find an original front end for this bike? I would like to sell it in the near future, but I figure the value would be much greater with everything original.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267861980.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20180619060647-20180619080647-00014.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2018-26
| 364 | 1 |
https://www.lil-help.com/user/529/studybud
|
math
|
uncovered lightbulbs may expose food to which type of hazard
listen to the following excerpt. which instrument classification is represented?
which act of macbeth contains the exposition?
according to your textbook, a common mistake students make when developing their first speech is
which of the following most accurately describes clinical equipoise:
when keys that correspond to consecutive letter names are played sequentially they create a
can you match these prefixes, suffixes, and word roots with their definitions?
freud's theory of personality has been criticized because it
if a trash can were stolen from in front of a school, the case would most likely be heard by a
additional safeguards that may be included in a social and behavioral study may include:
Find the equilibrium vector for the transition matrix below
Suppose Johnson Dry Cleaning (J) has a 40% market share initially, while NorthClean (N) has a 60% market share
Markov Chains - A small town has only two dry cleaners, Johnson and NorthClean
Suppose that a family has 3 children. Also, suppose that the probability of having a boy is 1/2
The chickens at Colonel Thompson's Ranch have a mean weight of 1850g, with a standard deviation of 150g
A company claims that 93% of its cereal boxes have at least as much cereal by weight as the amount stated on the box.
The lifetime of a machine part has a continuous distribution on the interval (0, 60) with probability density function f
In a certain lottery, 6 white balls from a drum with 14 balls and 1 red ball from a dmm with 38 balls are selected
What is the probability that at least 2 people have the same birthday in a group of 16 people? Assume that there are 365 days in a year.
In a certain Algebra and Trigonometry class, there are 18 freshmen and 26 sophomores
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655899931.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20200709100539-20200709130539-00561.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2020-29
| 1,795 | 20 |
https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/vector-proofs-a-quadrilateral-thing.99364/
|
math
|
We had that problem on a geometry test in 9th grade, I will try digging it up and show you how ...if I can find it of courseforevergone said:I need some help trying to prove that if the diagonals of a quadrilateral bisect each other, the quadrilateral is a parallelogram.
I've been attacking this problem for hours but its no good :\.
I need to do this through vector proofs, though. If I could use congruent triangles, I would've been long done this problem :).Diane_ said:One way to do this is to show that you have a pair of congruent triangles. (There are actually several pair, but you only need one.) Remember the definition of a parallelogram - that'll give you the angles. There's one more property of parallelograms that will give you the sides that you need.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-13/segments/1552912203547.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20190325010547-20190325032547-00402.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2019-13
| 768 | 3 |
http://www.ask.com/web?q=Line+Plot+Example&o=2603&l=dir&qsrc=3139&gc=1
|
math
|
In this lesson, we will explore the functions and examples of a line plot. Also in
this lesson, we will learn to create a line plot, create...
Example 1: The table below shows daily temperatures for New York City, ... The
data from the table above has been summarized in the line graph below.
Definition of Line Plot explained with illustrated examples. Also, practice lots of
math problems with fun math worksheets at Splash Math.
www.ask.com/youtube?q=Line Plot Example&v=lXTXmnGtPlA
Mar 24, 2010 ... Powered by http://www.tenmarks.com . Learn to make and interpret line plots.
www.ask.com/youtube?q=Line Plot Example&v=mHCBtKFhV8M
Jun 2, 2014 ... Come learn about Line Plots with our fun video. We learn to collect data and
build a Line Plot graph with the data collected. Depending on your ...
Aug 28, 2003 ... information displayed on a number line is called a “line plot.” 2. ... EXAMPLE: The
number of takeoffs and landings of the busiest airports in the.
Fun math practice! Improve your skills with free problems in 'Create line plots' and
thousands of other practice lessons.
Example (Hover to Enlarge), Description, Download. Interpreting a line plot 3md4
Share. Each worksheet has 11 problems answering questions from a line plot.
A line plot is a graph that shows the frequency of data occurring along a number
... For example, let's say that 10 students in a third grade class were asked the ...
Given below are some of the line plot examples. Solved Examples. Question 1:
Draw a line plot by the following data. 1, 4, 8 ...
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-36/segments/1471982952852.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20160823200912-00032-ip-10-153-172-175.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2016-36
| 1,541 | 21 |
http://felix.unife.it/++/je-v-mabiol
|
math
|
Mathematics for biologists 1989/90, 1990/91, 1992/93. For 1st year biology students. Average program. Official name: Istituzioni di Matematiche per biologi.
ELEMENTARY METHODS What is mathematics? Fundamental rules The logarithm Trigonometric functions Polar coordinates in plane and space Complex numbers n-th roots of complex numbers The language of set theory Peano's axioms and the principle of induction Some logic Operations on sets with infinitely many operandss The cartesian product Resolution of systems of linear equations with Gauss elimination Binomial numbers Euclidean algorithm FUNCTIONS AND RELATIONS Functions Relations Equivalence relations REAL NUMBERS sqrt(2) is irrational Real numbers SEQUENCES AND SERIES Sequences of real numbers Sequences tending to infinity The Bolzano-Weierstrass theorem Convergence criteria for sequences Limsup and liminf Sequences of complex numbers Numerical series Convergence criteria specific for series ANALYTIC GEOMETRY Linear subspaces of R^n Linear independence, bases and dimension Affine subspaces of R^n The scalar product Linear mappings and matrices Determinants and vector product CONTINUOUS FUNCTIONS Triangular inequality in R^n Limit of f(x) for x tending to x_0 Continuous functions defined on a subset of R^m Polynomial functions The existence of zeros for continuous functions Existence of the maximum of a continuous function defined on a compact set Pointwise and uniform convergence of sequences of functions Logarithms (theory) DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS IN ONE VARIABLE The equation y = y_0+a(x-x_0) The derivative The derivatives of trigonometric functions The derivative of the exponential and the logarithm Relative maxima and minima and Rolle's theorem The marvelous theorem of calculus Analytic study of the graph of a function Taylor series of a polynomial Taylor series of a differentiable function De l'Hopital's rules Inversion of trigonometric functions INTEGRATION Measures Measurable sets and Caratheodory's theorem Measurable functions The integral Fundamental inequality of integration theory Lebesgue measure Fundamental theorem of calculus Calculating integrals by means of the fundamental theorem Integration by parts Transformation rules for the integral
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818686034.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170919202211-20170919222211-00244.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2017-39
| 2,241 | 2 |
https://ccnworldtech.com/all-bank-transfer-codes-in-nigeria-ussd-code-pin-for-mobile-banking/?quad_cc
|
math
|
All Bank Transfer Codes In Nigeria – USSD Code/ PIN For Mobile Banking
Looking for all bank transfer codes in Nigeria? This page contains all the banks in Nigeria transfer code from A-Z – USSD code/ PIN for mobile banking. Irrespective of the bank you opened account with? Just relax, this article got you covered. We have provided you guys with all Nigeria bank transfer codes, you can as well call it ussd code or pin for mobile banking.
No more stressing yourself going to the bank to make transactions anymore, or fix certain issues. Just as we stated earlier, this article covers all bank transfer codes in Nigeria. Be it firstbank, Ecobank, zenithbank, Access bank, GT bank, Polaris Bank, FCMB Bank, Keystone Bank & more. You will definitely see the transfer code here.
Amazing right? Not only that, you can as well use the code in checking of account balance, buying of Airtime, pay bills, subcribe for DSTv or GOTv & more. Before we proceed to sharing all bank transfer codes in Nigeria, let’s quickly explain what bank transfer code is and it’s advantages.
What is Bank Transfer Code?
We can practically say that bank transfer code is a convenient, fast, secure, and affordable way to access your bank account 24 hours a day, 7 days a week through your mobile phone without internet data. There are USSD codes that eases the use of stressful banking in Nigeria, making it more efficient and gives the customers complete access to their accounts.
It is where customers of any bank can easily dial the USSD code and complete all banking commands. It sounds surprising that queuing up in the bank, trying to complete your accounts recharge has been taken away with this USSD code mobile money transfer service. It makes everything easy, and sensible.
Advantages of Bank transfer code
- Top up your mobile airtime
- Top-up other mobile phones
- Checking bank balance
- Money transfers
- Bill payments
- Reset Pin
- Buy data
Understand that, we are talking about the same topic here, be it bank transfer code, USSD banking, USSD mobile money transfer Code. They both go straight to one direction!
All Bank Transfer Codes In Nigeria – USSD Code/ PIN For Mobile Banking
Having that in mind, and ready to look for your bank and commence, then lets get started:
|class=”column-1″>Nigerian Banks||class=”column-2″>Transfer Codes|
|UBA transfer code||919#|
|Wema bank bank transfer code||*945#|
|FCMB transfer code||*329#|
|Access bank transfer code||*901#|
|Polaris (Skye) transfer code||*833#|
|GTBank transfer code||*737#|
|Zenith bank transfer code||*966#|
|Eco bank transfer code||*326#|
|First Bank transfer code||*894#|
|Stanbic IBTC bank transfer code||*909#|
|Diamond bank transfer code||*426#|
|Fidelity bank transfer code||*770#|
|Sterling bank transfer code||*822#|
|Unity bank transfer code||*7799#|
Stanbic IBTC USSD Bank Money Transfer Code
The Stanbic IBTC Mobile Money service is *909# and it is also their transfer code, that is ideal for you if you want a basic account that is convenient, secure and affordable, and can be operated using a mobile phone.
With *909# Mobile Money you can receive salary payments, buy airtime, make one-on-one money transfers, pay for goods and pay bills. To get started, dial the code and you can get started.
Wema bank transfer code
The official transfer code for Wema bank is *945# and you can complete other necessary commands such as:
*. Buy Airtime: *945*phone Number*amount#
*. Send Money: *945*beneficiaryaccountnumber*amount#
*. Balance Enquiry: *945*0#
*. Change PIN: *945*00#
*. Get your Account Number: *945*000#
*. Open Account: *945*1#
*. Change account number: *945*2*oldaccountnumber*newaccountnumber#
*. Account Reactivation: *945*5#
*. Send Money to phone/email: *945*6*amount#
UBA transfer USSD code
Union bank is calling their transfer code, Magic banking, which is also the same with mobile banking. With the *919# UBA transfer code, you can easily complete all your transaction from the comforts of your home.
FCMB USSD bank transfer code
The official FCMB USSD bank transfer code is *329#, and it can be used to complete a lot of bank commands, all from the comforts of your home:
*. Dial*329*Amount# to top-up your mobile phone.
*. Dial *329*Amount*Mobile number# to top-up other mobile phones.
*. Dial *329*Amount*Account number# to transfer funds.
*. Dial *329*00# to check balance.
*. Dial *329*0# to reset your pin.
*. Dial *329*1*Mobile Number# to buy data on your phone.
*. Dial *329*2*Smartcard Number# to pay for DSTv or GOTv subscription.
Access Bank USSD Code Banking
The official Access bank USSD banking code for transfer of funds, is *901#, and it can be used to complete various type of transaction without going to the bank:
*. Airtime for self: *901*Amount#
*. Airtime for others: *901*Amount*Phone Number#
*. Account Opening: *901*0#
*. Data Purchase: *901*8#
*. Balance Enquiry: *901*5#
*. Fund Transfer to Access Bank: *901*1*Amount*Account Number#
*. Fund Transfer to Other Banks: *901*2*Amount*Account Number#
*. Merchant Payment: *901*3*Amount*Merchant Code#
*. Bill Payment: *901*3#
*. OTP Generation: *901*4*1#
You will need airtime on your mobile phone to complete any of the above commands.
Sterling Bank transfer code
For Standard Chartered customers, the transfer code is *822# and it can be used to complete other transactions, buy airtime, pay bills, and even transfer money from bank to bank. To get started, dial the code and you follow the prompt commands.
*. Buy airtime self: *822*AMOUNT#
*. Buy airtime for others: *822*AMOUNT*MOBILE NO#
*. Sterling bank within transfer: *822*4*AMOUNT*NUBAN#
*. Sterling bank to other: *822*5*AMOUNT*NUBAN#.
*. Check account balance: *822*6#
*. Check ccount number: *822*8#
*. Open account: *822*7#
*. To reset Pin: *822*9#
Polaris (Skye) Transfer code
The Polaris (Skye) Bank Money Transfer Code is *833#, and it is known as Smart code. To commence using the Polaris (Skye) Bank Money Transfer Code, you need to register or sign-up first by dialing the above code first:
*. Open an Account (*833*1#)
*. Pay Bills (*833*2#)
*. Transfer Funds (*833*3#)
*. Hotlist Card
*. Update your BVN (*833*5#) – Coming Soon
*. Check your Balance (*833*6#)
*. Pay with MasterPass (*833*7#)
*. Airtime Top-up
*. Buy Airtime for yourself: Dial *833*AMOUNT#
*. Buy Airtime for others or yourself: Dial *833*AMOUNT*PHONENUMBER#
*. Transfer Funds: Dial *833*AMOUNT*ACCOUNTNUMBER#
No data, no worries. Polaris bank has got your covered!
GTBank Transfer Code/PIN
One of the best bank in Nigeria, Guarantee trust bank also has their own USSD transfer code, it is *737#. And the bank has attached a lot of commands and special feature to it:
*. Open Account: *737*0#
*. Reactivate your account: *737*11#
*. Fund transfer to GTbank: *737*1*Amount*NUBAN Account Number#
*. Fund transfer to other bank: *737*2*Amount*NUBAN Account Number#
*. Airtime top-up for self: *737*amount#
*. Airtime top-up for friend: 737*Amount*Recipient’s number#
*. Data top-up: *737*4#
*. Check bank balance: *737*6*1#
*. Check BVN number: *737*6*1#
*. Inquiries: *737*6#
Zenithbank Transfer Code – Eazybanking
Zenith USSD code for transfer is *966# and you can easily transfer from Zenith bank to other banks in Nigeria. To complete your Zenith mobile banking, you are to dial the following code:
*. Open account: *966*0#
*. Check account balance: *966*00#
*. Top-up your airtime: *966*Amount*Mobile Number#
*. To transfer funds: Dial *966*Amount*Account Number# then follow the on-screen prompts.
*. Update your BVN: *966*BVN#
*. Reset PIN: *966*60#
*. Deactivate mobile banking: *966*20*0#
*. Pay DStv and PHCN: *966*7*Amount*Customer ID#
*. Pay other Zenith Billers: *966*6*Biller code*Amount#
Eco mobile banking
The official Eco bank transfer code is *326#, and you can easily transfer any money from Eco bank to other bank with the above code. You can complete the following with this code:
*. Make instant transfers
*. Check balances
*. Pay bills
*. Read mini-statements
*. Buy airtime
Ensure that the phone number where the purchase is made from MUST be a number registered with the bank, if not so, it won’t work.
First Bank transfer code
Even with no data on your mobile phone, you can complete your First bank commands, by using the bank transfer code: *894#. That is the Quick Banking with FirstBank USSD Code, where you can easily transfer money, check balance, buy airtime, pay bills and lots more.
*. To register: *894*0#
*. Airtime recharge: *894*Amount#
*. Airtime for others: *894*Amount*Number#
*. To transfer: *894*Amount*Account number#
*. To check airtime: *894*00#
*. Mini-statement: *894*Account number#
Unity bank transfer code
One of the best ways to bank is via USSD code, and Unity bank has got you covered. The official Unity bank transfer code is *7799# and you can easily complete other important transaction.
*. Account opening
*. Airtime recharge
*. Add Account
*. Balance enquiry
*. Bills payment
*. BVN verification
*. Fund Transfer
*. PIN change.
Diamond Bank Transfer Code
With Diamond bank USSD service *426#, it allows customers of the bank to ensure financial inclusion. Thankfully, it is quick, secure and an easy way for all banked customers to perform banking transactions with convenience, regardless of segment or mobile device type.
To transfer to another bank with Diamond USSD short code:
– Dial *426# with your registered phone number
– Enter the last 6 digits of your Debit Card number.
– Enter your account number
– Create a 4-digit PIN.
Other service includes:
*. Dial *426*Amount#: To Purchase Airtime (self)
*. Dial *426*Amount*Account Number#: To Transfer Money (Within & Outside DB)
*. Dial *426*00#: To Check Account Balance
*. Dial *426*Amount*Phone Number#: To Purchase Airtime (For Friends and Family)
*. Dial*426*0#: To Change PIN
*. Dial *426*463#: To subscribe to C.R.E.A.M
Fidelity USSD code for transfer
Fidelity is calling it Instant Banking, and of course, it fits the name and mode of service. Fidelity transfer code is *770#, and it can be used to complete the following transaction:
*. Self-recharge: Dial *770*AMOUNT#
*. Recharge For A Friend Or Family: Dial *770*PHONE*AMOUNT#
*. To transfer funds: Dial *770*ACCOUNT*AMOUNT#
So, for those of you searching for all bank transfer codes in Nigeria – USSD code/ PIN for mobile banking. I hope we made your day today? Definitely yes, for more stuffs like this kindly join our telegram channel and don’t forget to share with friends on social media.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573172.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818063910-20220818093910-00641.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2022-33
| 10,498 | 164 |
https://camsfreexxx.fun/modelos-webcam-trabajo-bogota
|
math
|
The groundwork price of modelos webcam trabajo bogota the indicant was ab initio limit At 250. However, aft it union December 31, 1993, At nearly 800, the base was readjust at 125 the following trading Clarence Shepard Day Jr.. Over the run of its story, the US100 has experienced many ups and downs, heavily influenced away economical and political events.
If you want to obviate speaking to a live Amazon customer service squad member over the phone, using the email method might be worth a attempt. It can comprise helpful Hoosier State some cases, such American Samoa type A general question or so a product operating theater service. If you let more urgent account modelos webcam trabajo bogota - related questions, they whitethorn refer you to birdsong client inspection and repair or use the survive New World chat.
Drama ( modelos webcam trabajo bogota 80 ) Thriller ( 47 ) Comedy ( 42 ) Crime ( 36 ) Action ( 32 ) Mystery ( 29 ) Horror ( 23 ) Sci - Fi ( 22 ) Adventure ( 18 ) Fantasy ( 16 ) Documentary ( 15 ) History ( 10 ) Music ( 9 ) Biography ( 8 ) Romance ( 8 ) War ( 7 ) Sport ( 6 ) Animation ( 5 ) Family ( 4 ) Musical ( 2 ) Reality - Tv ( 1 ) Short ( 1 )
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296948756.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20230328011555-20230328041555-00628.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2023-14
| 1,171 | 3 |
https://www.callcentrehelper.com/forum/how-to-calculate-amount-of-time-spent-in-aux-codes-116532.htm
|
math
|
How To Calculate Amount Of Time Spent in AUX Codes
We want to start measuring the average amount of time our Customer Support Representatives spend in ACW and Personal Time (two of our AUX options) throughout the day, week and month. However, the system we utilize gives us totals instead of an average. How can we take the total amount of time and "break it down" into the average time spent in those AUX codes. For example, one of my agents shows that he spent 02:18:46 (2 hours, 18 minutes and 46 seconds) in Personal for the month of December. How do I convert that to the average amount of time he was in Personal for the month based on when he worked?
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600401600771.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20200928104328-20200928134328-00139.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2020-40
| 657 | 2 |
https://socratic.org/questions/a-student-accidentally-poured-2-liters-of-20-acid-solution-into-a-container-havi
|
math
|
A student accidentally poured 2 liters of 20% acid solution into a container having 10 liters of 15% acid solution. What is the concentration of the new solution?
The concentration of the new solution is 15.83 %.
A 15 % concentration means
So the volume of acid in 10 L of solution is
So you have
And in 2 L of 20 % acid,
After mixing, the new solution contains 1.5 L + 0.4 L = 1.9 L of acid and has a total volume of 2 L + 10 L = 12 L.
The new concentration is 15.83 %.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439737238.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20200808021257-20200808051257-00126.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2020-34
| 470 | 8 |
http://www.umass.edu/issr/research/workshops/FA13_LaTeX.php
|
math
|
An Introduction to LaTeX
Event Date: September 27th
Time: 10:00 am – noon
Location: ISSR Lab Machmer W37E
LaTeX is an incredibly powerful, simple, free, open source, cross platform document preparation system (http://www.latex-project.org/). This workshop will introduce the basics of authoring papers in LaTeX, transferring Microsoft Word documents into LaTeX, and setting up the software on your computer.
By the end of this session, participants will be able to install the LaTeX engine, a document editor, and format Microsoft Word and Open Office files as LaTeX documents. Participants will also be able to create basic LaTeX documents including equations and figures and will gain an awareness of the functionality offered by more advanced LaTeX packages.
Click here to register for this workshop.
*please note that this workshop is now full. If you would like to be added to the WAITLIST you may fill out this form*
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-10/segments/1393999651166/warc/CC-MAIN-20140305060731-00049-ip-10-183-142-35.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2014-10
| 924 | 8 |
http://ashafrance.org/2019/10/
|
math
|
math games equivalent ratios ratio worksheets printable printable ratio worksheets ratios worksheet table proportion and simple diagram math problems word free math games equivalent ratios.
writing and evaluating expressions worksheet algebra 1 variables and expressions worksheets these allow you free library.
math quadrants worksheets standard.
math formulas definitions triangle angle formulas math how to find the area of an oblique triangle using formulas a math right angle triangle math formulas.
math formula needed for sat the critical sat math formulas you must know.
times tables of 3 save resource.
multiplication 100 math tables 1 to multiplication tables from 1 to math grade math worksheets problems 3 times tables extraordinary 1 math times tables 1.
multiplication of fractions worksheets grade 5 fractions worksheets grade 5 fractions worksheets grade multiplying fractions worksheets for 5th graders.
math games division of fractions mathematics mathematical game division fraction area division elementary mathematics fraction game free download.
solving linear equations worksheets linear equation worksheets math solving linear equations negative values mixture of forms x a linear equations worksheets.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579251783000.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20200128184745-20200128214745-00169.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2020-05
| 1,226 | 10 |
https://brainmass.com/physics/solar-system/gravitation-potential-energy-closest-approach-star-88380
|
math
|
Not what you're looking for?
3.) consider an object of mass m, moving in a circular orbit, subject to a central attractive for e whose magnitude is given by F(r) = h/r^3. a. what are the dimensions of h? b. show that the angular momentum for the motion is uniquely determined by h and m. c. what is the resulting relation b/t period and radius analogous to Kepler's third law for this force?
39.) an object of mass 3x10^15 kg approaches the solar system. When it is very far away, where the gravitational potential energy can be neglected in comparison with its kinetic energy, the object moves w/ a velocity of 12 km/s in a straight line. By straight line extrapolation, the closest this line would come to the sun is 3x10^8 km. the point of the object's nearest approach to the sun is characterized by the fact that the radius vector from the object to the sun is perpendicular to the tangent to the path at that point.
a. sketch the orbit of the object.
b. use conservation of energy and angular momentum to calculate the velocity of the object at the point of nearest approach. c. calculate the distance of nearest approach.
48.) a deep hole in earth reaches a depth of 1/2 of the earth's Radius. How much work is
done when a 1 kg mass is slowly lifted from the bottom of the hole to the earth's surface?
Purchase this Solution
The problems solved are about central force, gravitational potential energy, and nearest approach of a star from sun.
Please see the attached file.
3.) consider an object of mass m, moving in a circular orbit, subject to a central attractive
for e whose magnitude is given by F(r) = h/r^3. a. what are the dimensions of h? b. show
that the angular momentum for the motion is uniquely determined by h and m. c. what is
the resulting relation b/t period and radius analyogous to Kepler's third law for this force?
The force F(r) is given by
F = h/r3
Or h = F*r3
Hence the product of dimensions of F and r3 gives the dimensions of h
Let the mass of the object be m and speed of the object is v in the orbit of radius r. As we know that the centripetal force required moving the object in a circular path is given by mv2/r and the central force provides this, we get
gives ---------------------------- (1)
Now as we know that the angular momentum of an object is the moment of momentum and can be given by m*v*r the angular momentum of the object using equation (1) is given by
Hence the angular momentum of the object is in terms of mass m and the constant h only.
The time period of the object is given by
T = ...
Purchase this Solution
Free BrainMass Quizzes
Some short-answer questions involving the basic vocabulary of string, sound, and water waves.
This quiz will test your knowledge about basic Physics.
Test your knowledge of moon phases and movement.
This quiz is for any area of science. Test yourself to see what knowledge of nanotechnology you have. This content will also make you familiar with basic concepts of nanotechnology.
How well do you understand variables? Test your knowledge of independent (manipulated), dependent (responding), and controlled variables with this 10 question quiz.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473558.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20240221202132-20240221232132-00632.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2024-10
| 3,135 | 31 |
https://thesaurus.yourdictionary.com/expressible
|
math
|
ck is not expressible as the square root of an octic function of 0.
It will be shown later that all invariants, single or simultaneous, are expressible in terms of symbolic products.
Every covariant is rationally expressible by means of the forms f, u 2, u3,...
It will be � shown later that every rational integral symmetric function is similarly expressible.
The discriminant is the resultant of ax and ax and of degree 8 in the coefficients; since it is a rational and integral function of the fundamental invariants it is expressible as a linear function of A 2 and B; it is independent of C, and is therefore unaltered when C vanishes; we may therefore take f in the canonical form 6R 4 f = BS5+5BS4p-4A2p5.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-47/segments/1573496671249.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20191122092537-20191122120537-00259.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2019-47
| 717 | 5 |
https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/center-of-mass-velocity-in-multiple-dimmensions.922629/
|
math
|
I was doing some practice problems to become more familiar with the Center of Mass Velocity and I came across this one from (Noted in the picture) Engineering at Illinois, that relates the velocity of the center of mass in both the x and y direction, however I don't quit understand the answer. VCM = (M1V1 + M2V2)/ Mtotal Since this is the case VCM should equal 2.4, but the question asked for the velocity in the x and y direction Since only one object is moving in the x-direction shouldn't that be the VCM for the x-direction?? Why would VCM (x-direction) = Momentum in the x-direction? How would one go about calculating VCM for individual dimensions? Thanks!
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-22/segments/1526794866938.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20180525024404-20180525044404-00339.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2018-22
| 664 | 1 |
http://www10.edacafe.com/book/phdThesis/Chapter-7.5.php
|
math
|
A 16-bit D/A interface with Sinc approximated semidigital reconstruction filter
7.5. Semidigital FIR filter design
To design the time-discrete filter, the effect of the noise-shaper and the low-pass continuous time analog filter have to be considered. The noise shaper and the oversampling ratio are specified and all the requirements and conditions are known. The next step is the calculation of the coefficients. But how many coefficients are necessary? To answer this question some boundary conditions will be introduced.
The area that is available limits the number of coefficients to about 100 irrespective to the implementation which is chosen. Since the coefficients are implemented by weighted currents this imposes a limitation also. The ratio between the largest and the smallest coefficient is limited by accuracy. A large number of coefficients implies big differences between coefficients. The accuracy of the smaller coefficients is impaired with consequences on the stop-band rejection. There are also a few conditions for the signal transfer function of the filter. First of all, the ripple in the audio-band has to be very small (< 0.1 dB). A small droop (0.5 dB) is allowed since the digital filter can correct for this non-ideal behavior. In the design of a discrete time filter suitable for audio signals, phase is an important parameter too. In a digital low-pass filter design, a linear phase can be obtained by a symmetric impulse response. Odd or even numbers of coefficients can be used. The main requirement is to achieve a stop-band rejection for the noise of more than 50dB.7.5.1 Calculation of coefficients
In the literature, a number of standard algorithms for digital filter design are extensively discussed . The methods are based on Fourier series, the frequency sampling method, the Remez exchange method and equiripple designs. All these methods cannot be used since the design of this filter is not a standard design but the product of a time discrete filter and the transfer function of the noise shaper. Such methods generate a large number of coefficients and over-specifications. In order to take into account that the noise transfer will be influenced by the noise-shaper, the semidigital filter and the low-pass analog filter, we have developed an iterative method to design the filter based on Sinc approximation of the impulse response as shown in fig.7.8. Here, we have represented the transfer of the noise shaper NS, the transfer of the semidigital filter LPD and the analog low-pass LPA. The noise transfer is denoted NS*LPA*LPD.
The simulations were performed with a routine written in MatLab. This allows to optimize the number of the coefficients and to take into account the effects of matching on the response. First, the time domain is divided into N equal steps and the symmetric coefficients are calculated by using the division of sin(x)/x. The Sinc function has been windowed with a rectangular window. The computer is used to perform this calculation by employing the Z-transform. For the noise shaper the transfer function is also calculated by using a Z-transform routine. Since the continuous time low-pass filter may not influence the characteristic at the audio-band, its cutoff frequency is set to 140 kHz. In this way it is possible to filter the spectral images at multiples of the sample frequency sufficiently.
Further, these three functions are plotted on a logarithmic scale and therefore they can be easily added. The Sinc function has been truncated to the first five lobes but the -50dB requirement for the out of band noise is not met. By taking more coefficients, the stop-band rejection becomes better than -55dB, as shown in fig.7.9.
Simulations have been carried out to determine which part of the Sinc function is important and how many coefficients are necessary in the optimum case. The number of lobes from which the Sinc is approximated changes the transfer characteristic of the filter. It is also important to ensure that at zero crossings of the Sinc function the approximation has also a zero. At that moment the next sample reaches its maximum value. Using more coefficients to approximate the same part of the Sinc means decreasing the time step. This is equivalent with increasing the sample frequency in the case of a digital filter. The results is a smaller pass band of the LPD filter characteristic without changing its shape.
It turns out that just the main lobe of the Sinc function is the most important part to approach the desired filter characteristic. With no more than 25 coefficients this main lobe can be approximated such that the required attenuation of more than 50dB is reached. Actually there are 27 coefficients but two of them are zero. The calculated coefficients are given in Table 7.1.
Table 7.1: Coefficients of the FIR filter
To be noticed the small ratio between the largest and the smallest coefficient which is about 12. The approximation of the main lobe is shown in fig.7.10. The first and the last coefficient are zero. The transfer characteristics for the noise and signal are illustrated in fig.7.11. The rejection of the out of band noise of the noise characteristic (NS*LPA*LPD) is better than -53dB up to the higher end of the fundamental interval (f=fs/2). A sensitivity analysis will show that in the worst case the required -50dB is fulfilled. For the signal transfer a smooth roll off (» 0.25 dB in the audio-band) can be seen. The zoomed characteristic of the signal in the audio-band is shown in fig.7.12.
The sharp digital filter will correct the droop of the characteristic along with the sin(x)/x distortion at the end of the pass-band. The gain error can be corrected by multiplying the coefficients with a constant factor.
In the design of a FIR filter windowing functions are used to reduce the infinite length of the impulse response. By applying a rectangular window on the impulse response, i.e. just deleting a number of the coefficients, there will be oscillations in the frequency response due to Gibbs phenomenon. In order to reduce the oscillations different window functions can be applied. Widely used window functions for example are Bartlett, Hamming, Hanning and Kaiser (see fig.7.13).
By multiplying the calculated Sinc coefficients with a window, the transfer becomes slightly better. After this operation the ratio between the smallest and the largest coefficient increases tremendously. For a digital filter this is not a problem because the coefficients are represented by a number of bits. In this application this means a large ratio between components. Moreover, due to windowing, the transfer function becomes more sensitive to rounding. That is why no windowing technique is used for the calculation of the coefficients.
7.5.3 Filter response and the coefficient quantization
The coefficients of the filter are subject for mismatch, rounding and quantization to the incremental grid span of the process. This will affect the stop-band attenuation of the filter with some influence on the pass-band also. We would like to obtain specifications for the coefficients of the filter such that we get sufficient suppression of the quantized noise out of audio band without affecting the pass-band. Coefficient non-idealities generate an erroneous transfer function:
The deviation of the filter transfer depends on the random coefficient errors Dak :
When the random coefficient errors Dak are Gaussian distributed the deviation of the filter transfer is Rayleigh distributed with a mean value mDH and a standard deviation sDH given by:
In eq.(7.14) N is the filter length and s(Dhk) represents the standard deviation of the coefficients due to process mismatch. The deviation of the filter transfer has three main causes: rounding of small coefficients, quantization of the coefficients to the finite incremental grid span and mismatch. Those effects are treated separately.
7.5.4 Rounding small coefficients
For FIR filters with a lot of coefficients we have to deal with large ratios between the largest and the smallest coefficient. It is necessary to round small coefficients to fit to the smallest feature size of a transistor. Rounding of small coefficients will introduce quantization errors with consequences on stopband rejection. The response of the filter in the pass-band it is influenced only by large coefficients and the rounding procedure has no influence on the pass-band. In order to estimate the stopband rejection we have to consider the size of the minimum coefficient amin. As a rule of thumb, the maximum achievable stop-band rejection is:
To have a stopband rejection of about -50dB the rounded coefficients have to be smaller than amin=0.003. In our case, the smallest coefficient is 0.0054 and rounding is not a necessity. In the design procedure we try to keep the number of the coefficients as low as possible in order to avoid big differences between the largest and the smallest coefficient.7.5.5 Matching of coefficients
In contrast to a digital filter, where the only important error is caused by truncation or rounding due to the finite word length, in the time discrete filter the mismatch of the coefficients will impair the frequency characteristic. In practice the analog coefficients are realized by using current sources and their values will deviate from their nominal value. The condition for the stop band noise has to be met under mismatch conditions. Only Monte-Carlo analysis can reveal the effect of mismatches on the transfer characteristic. In fig.7.14 the realization of the coefficient ak is shown. A floating current source I0 improves the matching between the PMOS and NMOS branches. The current related to the same coefficient ak is Ik= akI0=I0 (W/L)k/(W/L)0. The mismatch of the coefficient ak is a consequence of VT0 mismatch and b mismatch. Consider a multi-parameter function f=f(x1,x2,…xN). From multi-parameter sensitivity analysis we have:
Regarding the current Ik as the multi-parameter function, the mismatch of the coefficient ak is found as a function of individual mismatch terms of transistors Mo and Mk neglecting the contributions of the cascode transistors. For a single ended current mirror, the inaccuracy of the coefficient ak is found from:
The lengths of the transistors Mk are taken equal and therefore we get:
The maximum value of the width W0 of the transistor M0 is limited from area requirements. Consider now the current mirror with PMOS and NMOS outputs. The transistors Mkn and Mkp have the same dimensions. Denote s(Dak)p and s(Dak)n the mismatch of the PMOS and NMOS branch respectively. Hence, the mismatch of the coefficient ak in the differential approach is given by:
Denote the mismatch term:
Then the mismatch of the coefficient ak in the differential approach becomes:
This result in conjunction with eq.(7.14) can be used to have a first estimation of the errors in terms of mDH and sDH of the transfer H. The Monte Carlo optimization procedure described later in section 7.5.7 is based on s(Dak).
7.5.6 Quantization to the incremental grid span
The IC processes have a finite incremental grid span. For example in a 0.8mm CMOS process, the finite incremental grid span is in the order of 0.1m m. The dimensions of the devices (width and length) have to be quantized to the grid span. Rounding introduces a length uncertainty of (-0.05 mm, 0.05 mm) and the error can be considered uniformly distributed in this interval. Compared to the errors introduced by mismatch, quantization to grid has a negligible influence on the filter response. Again eq. (7.14) can be used to show this effect.7.5.7 Simulations
Equation (7.21) shows that each coefficient has a standard deviation which depends on W and L. Generating filter characteristics with ± 3s errors for coefficients, we cover about 99.75% of the possible cases. In MatLab, there are no standard routines to perform a Monte Carlo analysis. However, it is simply to generate normal distributed random numbers with mean 0.0 and variance 1.0. Therefore it is possible to combine this random number generator with the previous derived equation, to calculate what the effects are on the filter characteristic. The random number determines also if the coefficient is rounded up or down respectively.
In fig.7.15 the simulation results for the optimal widths and lengths of the transistors are shown. The inaccuracy of the noise transfer increases at the end of the fundamental interval. In this region, the effect of the noise shaper on the noise transfer is less effective and attenuation of the noise is ensured by the FIR filter. In the worst case we have -61dB rejection for the noise. The signal transfer is slightly affected by the matching properties.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676591718.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20180720154756-20180720174756-00401.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2018-30
| 12,759 | 33 |
https://www.elizabethfitch.com/blog/2011/5/7/one-plus-one.html
|
math
|
A lot of good mothers seem to worry a lot about how to be good mothers. That's too bad, because any first-grader could tell them it's as easy as one plus one.
"There are no words to express the abyss between isolation and having one ally. It may be conceded to the mathematician that four is twice two. But two is not twice one; two is two thousand times one." G. K. Chesterton
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-13/segments/1552912202525.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20190321132523-20190321154523-00186.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2019-13
| 377 | 2 |
http://www.blackberryforums.com/general-legacy-device-discussion/45646-gps-voice-what-do-you-recommend-bluetooth-required.html
|
math
|
I am interested in not getting lost all the time
I just got an 8700g and have heard a lot about gps programs on this site. Is there one with voice that is highly recommened? Also, does it need bluetooth? I barely know what 'bluetooth' is. What do I need to buy?
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-22/segments/1526794869272.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20180527151021-20180527171021-00043.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2018-22
| 261 | 2 |
https://www.jiskha.com/display.cgi?id=1340709439
|
math
|
posted by Ajay .
Kate is thinking about investing $60 000 for 4 years. She deposits her money into an account which earns interest paid semiannually at a rate of 7% p.a. After 2½ years, the interest rate drops to 5.6% p.a. and stays constant for the remainder of the investment period.
Use Excel or another suitable method to solve the problems below.
(a) How much interest was accrued in the second year of the investment?
(b) What will be the balance of Kate’s account at the end of the fourth year?
amount after the first 2½ years
I will assume that the rate for the remaining 1½ of 5.6% is also compounded semiannually
amount at end of 4 years
Don't know how I got 7 as the exponent in the first part
of course it should have been 5 ( for 5 half years in 2 1/2 years)
Please make the necessary corrections.
A woman has a total of $9,000 to invest. She invests part of the money in an account that pays 8% per year and the rest in an account that pays 11% per year. If the interest earned in the first year is $840, how much did she invest in each account?
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886103270.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20170817111816-20170817131816-00079.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2017-34
| 1,064 | 12 |
http://mathhelpforum.com/advanced-algebra/157992-how-prove-something-subring.html
|
math
|
I think you have to prove that if , and .
In the rational numbers, Q, let S be the collection of all fractions that can be written with odd denominator. Prove S is a subring of Q.
What properties of rings and subrings do I need to prove to show that S is a subring? I think I will have to prove addition, multiplication, existence of a "0", and existence of a "1", but what else must I prove?
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-36/segments/1471982946797.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20160823200906-00007-ip-10-153-172-175.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2016-36
| 392 | 3 |
http://mathhelpforum.com/statistics/77891-probability-problem-5-a.html
|
math
|
5.43 A rock concert promoter has scheduled an outdoor concert on July 4th. If it does not rain, the promoter will make $30,000. If it does rain, the promoter will lose $15,000 in guarantees made to the band and other expenses. The probability of rain on the 4th is A.
a. What is the promoter's expected profit? Is the expected profit a reasonable decision
b. How much should an insurance company charge to insure the promoter's full losses?
Explain your answer.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218189771.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212949-00347-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2017-13
| 461 | 4 |
https://pdf-drive.com/computational-fluid-and-solid-mechanicsthe-mechanics-of-solids-and-structures-hierarchical-modeling-and-the-finite-element-solution-1ed-3540263314-9783540263319/
|
math
|
Author : Miguel Luiz Bucalem, Klaus-Jrgen Bathe (auth.)
Description:This book presents in one treatise both the basic mathematicalmodels of solid / structural mechanics and effective finite elementprocedures for the solution of these models. The book can beused for teaching, in a modern way, solid and structural mechanics,finite element methods, and for self-study from elementary toquite advanced material.In synthesizing classical mechanics with modern finite elementanalysis, emphasis is given to the hierarchical nature of themathematical models of mechanics, from simple to complex, andon choosing the simplest reliable and effective model for analysis.The process of hierarchical modeling and finite element solutionis illustrated in examples that show the benefits reached when goodhierarchical modeling is performed.To pursue an effective analysis is an art the objective is to predictthe future. Performing in the art of analysis is very stimulatingand requires constant learning. This book has been written to providea fundamental basis for that learning process.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107911229.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20201030182757-20201030212757-00013.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2020-45
| 1,075 | 2 |
https://www.cfd-online.com/Forums/main/82114-confusion-about-non-dimensionalization-ns-eqns-print.html
|
math
|
Confusion about non-dimensionalization of NS eqns
It seems that depending on how the NS equations are non-dimensionalized, I can end up with 2 different eqns.
(*) denotes non-dimension
If I use
1. u(*)=u/(u infinity)
2. x(*)=x/c, c=chord length
3. p(*)=p/(rho*(u infinity)^2)
and either t(*)=t*(u infinity)/c or t(*)=t*f where f=frequency
I get 2 different forms of the final eqns ending with either Re or St and Re.
where St=f*c/(u infinity) and Re=(u infinity)*c/v
So how will this 2 eqns influence my simulation results? If I use different St, it will not appear in the 1st eqn because there is no St in the equation.
Or it does not matter? The results will be different but as long as I'm comparing against the same non-dimensionalization, it is fine.
In non-dimensional analysis you express the dependence of your problem from a set of parameters and then try to make this parameters nondimensional by a proper choice of 3 (in dynamics) of them as a dimensional basis.
In your second case you are explicitly saying that there is some frequency f which influences your problem, hence it has to be nondimensionalized by the proper parameters from your basis (u_infinity and c).
However, if you use f as parameter for your dimensional basis you can't still use both u_infinity and c.
I'm more comfortable in thinking f as a parameter appearing in the B.C. of your problem (which still need to be nondimensionalized)...in that case the St is going to appear in your B.C. and the momentum eq.s assume their classical form.
In contrast, if there is no such a frequency affecting your problem, why would you introduce it?
Be aware of the fact that phenomena like the Von Karman Vortex Street do exhibit a characteristic frequency but this is not an independent parameter (hence useful to form a dimensional basis). Instead it strictly depends on the shape of the body, u_infinity, c and the fluid.
Thanks sbaffini. I saw the NS eqns with St in a JCP paper which talks about simulating flapping wing in cartesian grid. In the paper, St= fL/U. f is an imposed freq, L and U are the length and velocity. So they are using U and L and f.
So in this case, Von Karman vortex street will be appear and hence St is included. But if it isn't, how will take influence the analysis? Will it be erroneous?
Moreover, the BC used in the paper is dp/dn = -St(Du/dt).n
|All times are GMT -4. The time now is 18:08.|
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917123097.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031203-00428-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2017-17
| 2,397 | 22 |
https://ems.press/journals/qt/articles/4367
|
math
|
It is shown that for knots with a sufficiently regular character variety the Dubois torsion detects the -polynomial of the knot. A global formula for the integral of the Dubois torsion is given. The formula looks like the heat kernel regularization of the formula for the Witten–Reshetikhin–Turaev invariant of the double of the knot complement. The Dubois torsion is recognized as the pushforward of a measure on the character variety of the double of the knot complement coming from the square root of Reidemeister torsion. This is used to motivate a conjecture about quantum invariants detecting the -polynomial.
Cite this article
Charles D. Frohman, Joanna Kania-Bartoszynska, Dubois torsion, <var>A</var>-polynomial and quantum invariants. Quantum Topol. 4 (2013), no. 2, pp. 187–227DOI 10.4171/QT/38
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100327.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20231202042052-20231202072052-00762.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
| 811 | 3 |
http://www.yogac.com.au/class-prices-yoga-centre-cairns/
|
math
|
Our Class Prices Yoga Centre Cairns
Class prices Yoga Centre Cairns ~ The Yoga Centre, Cairns offers a range of payment plans.
You may choose from:
$55.00 for unlimited classes. Membership for 3 months, paid fortnightly via Direct Debit.
$20.00 Casual class
* Should you enjoy the class and want to purchase a pass, then the $20 paid casually is deducted from a class pass. You just pay the difference.
Casual Passes are valid for 3 months
$80.00 5-class pass
$140.00 10-class pass
* Monthly passes must be taken within a month; starts from the date of first class.
$95.00 (8 classes)
$110.00 (12 classes)
$95.00 1 person per hour
$65.00 each for 2 people per hour
$45.00 each for 3 people per hour
(*Personalised attention to improve technique, work on a specific area or injury)
BSB: 633 000
Account: 138 596 481
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-13/segments/1521257647519.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20180320170119-20180320190119-00555.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2018-13
| 814 | 18 |
https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20200706233700AA8AWbU
|
math
|
Apply L'Hôpital's Rule on the given limit?
Hi everyone! I know why this isn't zero (because obviously 0 can't be in the denominator), but I thought maybe it is supposed to be 3, which I haven't tried yet, but when I put it into the calculator, I don't think that's right now either... can someone help me figure it out and give an explanation on why it is whatever the answer is?
- VamanLv 73 months ago
When x is small sin x = x- x^3/6+ .... Put it, You get
3x^3/(-x^3/6)=-18. You can use l'Hospital rule
3x^3/(sin x-x) take first derivative, You get 9x^2/(cos x -1). When x=0, denominator goes to 0. Take one more derivative.
-18 x/sin x. Take one more derivative. You get -18/cos x. Now put x=0. The answer is -18. This is what you get. You have to repeat till the denominator is not 0.
- llafferLv 73 months ago
L'Hopital's Rule says that if you have a limit of a fraction that is inf/inf, -inf/-inf, or 0/0, then the limit as x approaches a number is the same as the limit of the numerator's derivative over the denominator's derivative.
lim x→0 of 3x³ / [sin(x) - x]
so if we get the derivative of both halves we get:
f(x) = 3x³ and g(x) = sin(x) - x
f'(x) = 9x² and g'(x) = cos(x) - 1
So the limit of:
lim x→0 of 9x² / [cos(x) - 1]
Since it gave you the numerator, I think that it just needed you to get the expression in the denominator, even though that will also result in a denominator of 0.
Since this is still results in 0/0, we can get the derivatives again:
f(x) = 9x² and g(x) = cos(x) - 1
f'(x) = 18x and g'(x) = -sin(x)
Now we'll get:
lim x→0 of 18x / [-sin(x)]
lim x→0 of -18x / sin(x)
Which is still 0/0. Get the derivative one more time:
f(x) = -18x and g(x) = sin(x)
f'(x) = -18 and g'(x) = cos(x)
Now we get:
lim x→0 of -18 / cos(x)
And this has a value:
-18 / cos(0)
-18 / 1
But again, I think the answer the question is looking for is that first derivative:
cos(x) - 1
- ted sLv 73 months ago
so do it one more time 3 x³ / [ sin x - x ] --> 9 x² / [ cos x - 1 ] ---> 18 x / [ - sin x ] ---> - 18 since sin x / x ---> 1
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107863364.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20201019145901-20201019175901-00337.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2020-45
| 2,061 | 34 |
https://research.tilburguniversity.edu/en/publications/unilateral-support-equilibria
|
math
|
The concept of Berge equilibria is based on supportive behavior among the players: each player is supported by the group of all other players. In this paper, we extend this concept by maintaining the idea of supportive behavior among the players, but eliminating the underlying coordination issues. We suggest to consider individual support rather than group support. The main idea is to introduce support relations, modeled by derangements. In a derangement, every player supports exactly one other player and every player is supported by exactly one other player. Subsequently, we dene a new equilibrium concept, called a unilateral support equilibrium, which is unilaterally supportive with respect to every possible derangement. We show that a unilateral support equilibrium can be characterized in terms of pay-offfunctions so that every player is supported by every other player individually. Moreover, it is shown that every Berge equilibrium is also a unilateral support equilibrium and we provide an example in which there is no Berge equilibrium, while the set of unilateral support equilibria is non-empty. Finally, the relation between the set of unilateral support equilibria and the set of Nash equilibria is explored.
|Name||CentER Discussion Paper|
- mutual support equilibria
- Berge equilibria
- unilateral support equilibria
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662538646.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20220521045616-20220521075616-00682.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2022-21
| 1,343 | 5 |
https://lebuxakabof.ritacrossley.com/square-variables-book-5107zz.php
|
math
|
2 edition of Square variables found in the catalog.
|Statement||by Todd Smith.|
When developing more complex models it is often desirable to report a p-value for the model as a whole as well as an R-square for the model.. p-values for models. The p-value for a model determines the significance of the model compared with a null model. For a linear model, the null model is defined as the dependent variable being equal to its mean. brings simple answers on how to separate square root, matrix and roots and other algebra subjects. Any time you need guidance on inequalities or rational exponents, is truly the right site to pay a visit to!
Getting a subset of a data structure Problem. You want to do get a subset of the elements of a vector, matrix, or data frame. Solution. To get a subset based on some conditional criterion, the subset() function or indexing using square brackets can be used. In the examples here, both ways are shown. If it is a square matrix, the number of non-pivot columns is equal to the number of zero rows. However, if the matrix is non-square, you can reduce to row-echelon form and count the number of non-pivot columns. Here, the number of non-pivot columns is not equal to the number of zero rows.
a qualitative variable indicates some kind of category. A commonly used qualitative variable in social science research is the dichotomous variable, which has two di erent categories. For instance, gender has two categories: male and female. Chi-square test is applicable to when we have qualitative variables classi ed into Size: KB. Introduction. The concept of instrumental variables was first derived by Philip G. Wright, possibly in co-authorship with his son Sewall Wright, in the context of simultaneous equations in his book The Tariff on Animal and Vegetable Oils. In , Olav Reiersøl applied the same approach in the context of errors-in-variables models in his dissertation, giving the method its name.
Alibi of Guilt
Roman road to Portslade
Group leaders and boy character
Hertford in camera
Morristown National Historical Park
Life and observations of Rev. E. F. Newell
Managements talent search
Frontiers in Planar Lightwave Circuit Technology: Design, Simulation, and Fabrication (NATO Science Series II: Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry)
The speech of Edmund Burke, Esq; on moving his resolutions for conciliation with the colonies, March 22, 1775
Representative values for animal and veterinary populations and their clinical significances
Communism and religion
Create a full-service custom website with Square Online Store. It allows your customers to book appointments, purchase items, and stay up to date with your business. Embed a booking widget or button on your existing website, or add a booking button to your email so clients can easily request appointments based on your availability.
Just bought this book and Schaum's Outline of Complex Variables, 2ed (Schaum's Outline Series) for an undergraduate level complex variables class. Without the Schaum's, I'd have been lost in this class/5(19).
I am a big fan of the "Square in a Square" (SNS) system and own most of Ms Barrow's other titles. This book is my favorite. The book is well organized with clear color illustrations.
The SNS options are well described in the text and the diagrams are easy to follow/5(30). Categorical Variables in Developmental Research provides developmental researchers with the basic tools for understanding how to utilize categorical variables in their data analysis.
Covering the Square variables book of individual differences in growth rates, the measurement of stage transitions, latent class and log-linear models, chi-square, and more, the book provides a means for developmental.
Chi Square. Author(s) David M. Lane. Prerequisites. Distributions, Areas of Normal Distributions, Standard Normal Distribution. Chi Square Distribution; One-Way Tables (Testing Goodness of Fit) Testing Distributions Demo; Contingency Tables; 2 x 2 Table Simulation; Statistical Literacy; Exercises; PDF (A good way to print the chapter.).
For some reason they are adding [square brackets] around variables, thus: var some_variable = 'to=' + [other_variable]; Stack Overflow Products. Price to Book Ratio Definition.
Price to book value is a valuation ratio that is measured by stock price / Square variables book value per share. The book value is essentially the tangible accounting value of a firm compared to the market value that is shown.
Read full definition. An extension of the simple correlation is regression. In regression, one or more variables (predictors) are used to predict an outcome (criterion).
One may wish to predict a college student’s GPA by using his or her high school GPA, SAT scores, and college major. Data for several hundred students would be fed into a regression statistics Author: Del Siegle.
Tap Items. Search or scroll through your item list and click an existing item. You can update the item name, item image*, category, description, unit type, stock amount, or variations. Choose to Save your changes, or click Delete Item From This Location.
Keep in mind: When you add, update, or delete an item image, the change will reflect in. A good example of including square of variable comes from labor economics. If you assume y as wage (or log of wage) and x as an age, then including x^2 means that you are testing the quadratic relationship between an age and wage earning.
Is the square footage of a house a discrete random variable, a continuous random variable, or not a random variable.
It is a discrete random variable Is the eye color of people on commercial aircraft flights a discrete random variable, a continuous random variable, or not a random variable.
where age2 is the name of the new (squared) variable, and age is the original variable. Chi Square A. Chi Square Distribution B. One-Way Tables C. Contingency Tables D. Exercises Chi Square is a distribution that has proven to be particularly useful in statistics.
The first section describes the basics of this distribution. The following two sections cover the most common statistical tests that make use of the Chi Square File Size: KB. contributed Completing the square of an expression with multiple variables is a technique which manipulates the expression into a perfect square plus some constant.
As an example, x 2 + 2 x + y 2 − 6 y + z 2 − 8 z + 1 x^2+2x+y^y+z^2 - 8z + 1 x 2 + 2 x + y 2 − 6 y + z 2 − 8 z + 1 can be written in the complete square form as. Another tool to solve equation involving Squared Variables is the basic property of absolute value. ∣ x ∣ = a = > x = a |x|=a => x = a ∣ x ∣ = a = > x = a or x = − a x = -a x = − a.
Find the value of x x x if x x 2 = 9 = > x 2 = 3 2 x^=0 => x^2 = 9 => x^2. Variance of Square of a Random Variable. Hot Network Questions Finding all elements of some order in Sn How could macOS be POSIX compliant without vi. How can you tell if a note is major or minor.
A recommendation for a book on perverse sheaves Remove comma from a list Mowing the Grass. Identify the two variables that vary and decide which should be the independent variable and which should be the dependent variable.
Sketch a graph that you think best represents the relationship between the two variables. The size of a persons vocabulary over his or her lifetime. The distance from the ceiling to the tip of theFile Size: KB.
The agpp data frame contains three variables, an id variable that labels each participant in the data set (we’ll see why that’s useful in a moment), a response_before variable that records the person’s answer when they were asked the question the first time, and a response_after variable that shows the answer that they gave when asked the same question a second time.
As usual, here’s the first 6 entries. I am using a square variable in my regression as independent variable. my model is as the following: Leverage = cash^2 etc.
when I add a square variable of cash, Do I have also do include both Cash and Cash^2. or it is find to only include Cash^2. This is because when I add both of them, the significance of the results disappear. Exercise Pearson’s chi-square for a 2-way table: Product multinomial model.
If A and B are categorical variables with 2 and k levels, respectively, and we collect random samples of size m and n from levels 1 and 2 of A, then classify each individual according to its level of the variable File Size: KB.
I have explanatory variable age in the model (along with others) and there are several theoretical justification for using square of age variable (along with age) in the model,e,g,here (if we have a dependent variable income, then this means that income increases as age increases but this increase becomes less as we become older).
Now, I checked the correlation between age and age squared .Internal Report SUF–PFY/96–01 Stockholm, 11 December 1st revision, 31 October last modification 10 September Hand-book on STATISTICAL.Statistical Techniques for Transportation Engineering is written with a systematic approach in mind and covers a full range of data analysis topics, from the introductory level (basic probability, measures of dispersion, random variable, discrete and continuous distributions) through more generally used techniques (common statistical.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046155925.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20210805130514-20210805160514-00243.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2021-31
| 9,334 | 42 |
https://www.hackmath.net/en/math-problem/7128
|
math
|
2 to the power of n divided by 4 to the power of -3 equal 4. What is the vaule of n?
Did you find an error or inaccuracy? Feel free to write us. Thank you!
Thank you for submitting an example text correction or rephasing. We will review the example in a short time and work on the publish it.
Tips to related online calculators
You need to know the following knowledge to solve this word math problem:
Related math problems and questions:
- Exponential equation
Solve for x: (4^x):0,5=2/64.
- Exponential equation
Find x, if 625 ^ x = 5 The equation is exponential because the unknown is in the exponential power of 625
- Unknown integer
Find the smallest integer: divided by 2, the remainder is 1. divided by 3, the remainder is 2. divided by 4, the remainder is 3. ... divided by eight, the remainder is 7, divided by 9 the remainder is 8.
- Median or middle
The number of hours of television watched per day by a sample of 28 people is given below: 4, 1, 5, 5, 2, 5, 4, 4, 2, 3, 6, 8, 3, 5, 2, 0, 3, 5, 9, 4, 5, 2, 1, 3, 4, 7, 2, 9 What is the median value?
The sum of two numbers is 32, the sum of their logarithms (base 10) is 2.2. Determine these numbers.
The crystal grows every month 1.2 permille of its mass. For how many months to grow a crystal from weight 177 g to 384 g?
- Simplest form
Find the simplest form of the following expression: 3 to the 2nd power - 1/4 to the 2nd power.
Please determine the solvability conditions of the equation, solve the equation and perform the test: x divided by x squared minus 2x plus1 the whole minus x + 3 divided by x squared minus 1 this is equal to 0: x/(x2-2x+1) - (x+3)/( x2-1) = 0
Determine the number whose decimal logarithm is -3.8.
If sqrt(202-122) = sqrt[n](256), then n is:
- Geometric sequence 3
In geometric sequence is a8 = 312500; a11= 39062500; sn=1953124. Calculate the first item a1, quotient q, and n - number of members by their sum s_n.
- Digits A, B, C
For the various digits A, B, C is true: the square root of the BC is equal to the A and sum B+C is equal to A. Calculate A + 2B + 3C. (BC is a two-digit number, not a product).
- The city 3
The city has 22,000 residents. How long it is expected to have 25,000 residents if the average annual population growth is 1.4%?
Calculate what member of the sequence specified by (5n-2+15) has value 20.
- General line equations
In all examples, write the GENERAL EQUATION OF a line that is given in some way. A) the line is given parametrically: x = - 4 + 2p, y = 2 - 3p B) the line is given by the slope form: y = 3x - 1 C) the line is given by two points: A [3; -3], B [-5; 2] D) t
- A Cartesian framework
1. In a Cartesian framework, the functions f and g we know that: the function (f) is defined by f (x) = 2x ^ 2, the function (g) is defined by g (x) = x + 3, the point (O) is the origin of the reference, point (C) is the point of intersection of the graph
- Geometric progression
In geometric progression, a1 = 7, q = 5. Find the condition for n to sum first n members is: sn≤217.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046152144.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20210726152107-20210726182107-00239.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2021-31
| 3,007 | 34 |
https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/speed-of-a-snowball.596510/
|
math
|
1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data A snowball which is thrown horizontally from the top of a building that is 14.0m high lands 22.0m from the base of the building. How fast was the snowball traveling when it was thrown from the building? 2. Relevant equations dh= Vh * Δt dv= 1/2 * at2 g=9.8m/s 3. The attempt at a solution So I started off by finding the time by solving for t in the dv equation given above. I found that t=1.7seconds I then took that value and plugged it into the dh equation to solve for the velocity with respect to the horizontal. And I also replaced dh=22.0m from what the problem gives us. Vh= 13.0 m/s which is our answer we are looking for! I am posting this question just to ask if anyone would be able to verify my work and that the significant figures are respected! Thanks so much in advance!
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-39/segments/1537267164750.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20180926101408-20180926121808-00413.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2018-39
| 849 | 1 |
https://dissertationsexpert.com/break-even-point-the-last-outpost-is-a-tourist-stop-in-a-western-resort-community/
|
math
|
The Last Outpost is a tourist stop in a western resort community. Kerry Yost, the owner of the shop, sells hand-woven blankets for an average price of $30 per blanket. Kerry buys the blankets from weavers at an average cost of $21. In addition, he has selling expenses of $3 per blanket. Kerry rents the building for $300 per month and pays one employee a fixed salary of $500 per month.
Determine the number of blankets Kerry must sell to break even.
The company sells lawnmowers for $895 each. The variable cost per lawnmower is $520. The company’s monthly fixed costs are $84,500. Using the C-V-P equation, compute the amount of profit the company will have for a month in which the company sells 375 lawnmowers.
The company has a variable cost ratio of 65% and monthly fixed costs of $91,000. What is the company’s break-even point in terms of sales dollars?
Perrson Company makes two types of backpacks. Data for the company’s activity during a typical month are presented below:
Selling price per unit$6$18
Variable expense per unit$2$10
The company’s total fixed expenses are $80,000. There are no beginning or ending inventories.
A. What is the per unit contribution margin for each of the two models?
B. What is the break-even point in terms of sales dollars if the sales mix remains constant?
Break-even point (in sales) = Fixed cost * selling price per unit
C. If the sales mix is changed to 60,000 units of the school model and 20,000 units of the hiker model, what will be the break-even point in terms of sales dollars?
Berry Company produces a single product. The projected income statement for the coming year is as follows:
Sales (50,000 units @ $45) $2,250,000
Less: Variable costs 1,305,000
Contribution Margin $ 945,000
Less: Fixed costs 812,700
Operating Income $ 132,300
a. Compute unit margin and the units that must be sold to break even.
Answer: unit margin = $18.90; Units to break even= 43,000
b. Suppose 30,000 units are sold above break even. What is the operating income?
c. Compute the contribution margin ratio and the break even point in dollars. Suppose that that revenue is $200,000 more than expected. What would the total operating income be?
WHAT IS THE OPERATING INCOME IF THE REVENUE INCREASES BY $200,000????
Calculate the accounting break-even point for the following firm: revenues of $ 700,000, $ 100,000 fixed costs, $ 75,000 depreciation, 60% variable costs, and a 35 % tax rate. What happens to the break even if a trade -off is made which increases fixed costs by 30,000 and decreases variable costs to 50% of sales?
Hess, Inc. sells a single product with a contribution margin of $12 per unit and fixed costs of $74,400 and sales for the current year of $100,000. How much is Hess’s break even point?
a. 4,600 units
c. 6,200 units
d. 2,133 units
Disney’s variable costs are 30% of sales. The company is contemplating an advertising campaign that will cost $22,000. If sales are expected to increase $40,000, by how much will the company’s net income increase?
H55 Company sells two products, beer and wine. Beer has a 10 percent profit margin and wine has a 12 percent profit margin. Beer has a 27 percent contribution margin and wine has a 25 percent contribution margin. If other factors are equal, which product should H55 push to customers?
c. Selling either results in the same additional income for the company
d. It should sell an equal quantity of both.
Hartley, Inc. has one product with a selling price per unit of $200, the unit variable cost is $75, and the total monthly fixed costs are $300,000. How much is Hartley’s contribution margin ratio?
Exercise for students:
Sunshine, Inc., sells a single product. The company’s most recent income statement is given below.
Sales (4,000 units)$120,000
Less variable expenses(68,000)
Less fixed expenses(40,000)
Net income$ 12,000
a.Contribution margin per unit is $ _______________ per unit
b.If sales are doubled to $240,000,
total variable costs will equal$ _______________
c.If sales are doubled to $240,000,
total fixed costs will equal$ _______________
d.If Sunshine is past the breakeven point and
10 more units are sold, profits will increase by$ _______________
e.Compute how many units must be sold to break even. # _______________
f.Compute how many units must be sold
to achieve a profit of $20,000.# _______________
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104277498.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220703225409-20220704015409-00622.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2022-27
| 4,351 | 49 |
https://belkins.io/blog/cost-revenue-ratio
|
math
|
How to calculate cost of revenue
The revenue to cost ratio is one of those metrics that play the biggest role in B2B sales. With its help, businesses can ensure that their sales volumes grow, whereas the cost of operations remains low, stimulating revenue growth. Basically, this ratio is the key to business success; thus, every company needs to know how to calculate the cost of revenue.
From its name, it is not hard to guess that the revenue and cost ratio formula consists of just two variables - total revenue and total cost. Yet, it’s crucial to know how to calculate each variable accurately and measure them against each other.
So, here is a brief guide on how to calculate CRR step by step.
1) Define the cost of revenue
In order to find your total variable costs, you need to keep in mind all manufacturing expenses. For this purpose, you can use different financial statements that your company has, for example, a balance sheet. You want to consider the following:
- Labor costs;
- Marketing costs;
- Material costs;
- Distribution costs;
- Administrative expenses;
- Overhead costs, etc.
Once you have all the costs, use a simple cost of revenue formula - add up all direct costs your business has and move on to the next stage.
2) Define the total revenue
Now that you have a revenue cost formula in mind, you need to define your revenue. First of all, you need to know what it stands for.
Total revenue is basically the gross revenue of your business. Simply put, it is the total amount of money generated by your business before deducting any costs incurred, such as manufacturing or marketing expenses, corporate tax liabilities, property taxes, etc.
Now, how do you calculate revenue?
First of all, you have to calculate revenue from sales. To do this, you have to multiply the number of sold units by the cost of every unit. The easiest way to do this is using a financial statement like a balance sheet.
Apart from sales revenue, you also have to calculate additional, non-operating income, for example, dividends or interest.
Once you have a fixed number indicating your sales and non-operating income, add them. Now, you know how to calculate total revenue from the balance sheet.
3) Calculate your sales expense to revenue ratio
When you have all the variables, you can finally calculate the expense ratio to your revenue. Doing this is quite easy. Basically, the revenue and cost ratio is calculated bycost divided by revenue.
The formula looks like this:
Cost of revenue / total revenue = CRR
Typically, the number you will get will be a decimal (smaller than one). That’s why, after you calculate CRR, there will be one more step you need to take.
4) Calculate the percentage
As was already mentioned, the answer you will get using the formula above will be a decimal. Due to this reason, financial professionals typically use percentages when it comes to calculating CRR. So, the last step you need to take is to calculate the rate of the CRR you’ve already found.
Doing this is simple – just take the figure you received using the CRR formula and multiply it by 100.
Cost of revenue vs. COGS
Speaking about various business-related expenses, financial specialists use different cost categories to measure and compare the company’s expenses. Primarily, the two most important cost categories for calculating efficiency ratios are the cost of revenue and the cost of goods sold (COGS).
We have to admit that the cost of revenue and cost of goods sold ratio are very similar. So, there is often a lot of misunderstanding between these two cost groups. But, in fact, they are not the same.
Let’s take a moment to consider the cost of revenue vs. COGS to find the differences.
Cost of goods sold
What are COGS? According to the general cost of goods sold definition, it is a direct cost of producing goods.
To calculate the cost of sales percentage, specialists add up two primary expenditures:
- Cost of labor;
- Cost of materials.
Cost of revenue
The cost of revenue is much different. It represents the total cost of manufacturing, marketing, and delivering goods to customers. Thus, apart from the cost of labor and materials, the cost of revenue also involves additional fixed costs like overhead, shipping, and distribution expenses. It also involves additional variable costs, such as the cost of every marketing campaign and marketing materials.
Who works with these indicators? If you are hoping to improve your indicators, chances are that you will want to find the right specialists to handle this task. To help you get on the right track, here is a list of the top job opportunities that imply working with cost-revenue ratios:
- Financial advisor;
- Financial analyst;
- Budget analyst;
- Market research analyst;
People with such titles often have to deal with CRR and possess the needed skills and knowledge.
Cost of revenue vs. cost of sales
We’ve already looked at the cost of revenue vs. cogs. Now, what is the cost of sales? Instead of giving you a lengthy and complicated cost of sales definition, let’s make it clear straight away. There are many names for this indicator. Financial specialists call it COGS, the cost of goods sold, and also the cost of sales. So, if you ever wonder, “is cost of sales the same as cost of goods sold,” the answer is yes.
Just like the COGS ratio, the cost of sales is calculated based on the labor and material costs used to produce a particular product. The cost of revenue, on the other hand, involves labor and material costs plus additional expenses, such as rent, taxes, design and maintenance of corporate websites, lead generation, marketing, etc. Thus, unlike the cost of sales or COGS, the cost of revenue gives a more comprehensive outlook on the expenses borne by the company.
Cost and revenue in B2B lead generation
Now that you know about the huge role of the expense to revenue ratio in the business, chances are that you are also wondering where this metric is applied.
Despite a common belief, the cost to charge ratio formula is used not only to manage the company’s financial operations but can also be applicable to its sales and lead generation efforts. Businesses that focus on lead generation and e-commerce don’t want to leave space for guesswork when it comes to their profits. They want their sales goals to align with their budgets. And that’s where the cost to profit ratio plays a massive role.
By approximating the cost vs. revenue, businesses can obtain a benchmark for selling their products or services. Simply put, they receive a forecast of how much profit they can get from generating or buying leads and can adjust their budgets and goals accordingly.
Belkins offers you plenty of benefits here. With our unique B2B lead generation techniques, your business can streamline sales and align costs and revenues to its goals and budgets.
Calculation examples and cost and revenue calculator
If you want to grasp all operational expenses, you need to calculate your CRR. As you already know, the formula for calculating CRR looks like this:
Cost of revenue / total revenue = Cost revenue ratio
We have learned that the results are typically given in percentages, so the complete formula also includes multiplying the obtained result by 100%.
Let’s say your direct cost is $5M, and your total revenue is $7.5M. Using the formula, you calculate CRR like this:
5,000,000 / 7,500,000 = 0,666…
Now, round this number to decimals and multiply it by 100:
0.67 x 100 = 67%
In this example, your cost-revenue ratio is 67%, where percentages indicate how much each cost generates per $100. Respectively, for every $67 you spend, you generate $100 in revenue.
If you are wondering how to calculate fees earned against manufacturing expenses (labor + materials), you need to calculate the cost-to-sales ratio. The sales cost to income ratio is calculated similarly. But, instead of dividing the total cost of revenue by the total revenue, you have to split the cost of sales by the total revenue. Here is what the COGS revenue ratio formula looks like:
Cost of sales (COGS) / total revenue = Cost to sales ratio
This metric is also provided in percentages, so you will need to multiply the result by 100 too.
For example, if your cost of sales is $600K and your total revenue is $7.5M. Using the formula, you calculate CSR like this:
600,000 / 7,500,000 = 0.08
Now, multiply this by 100, and you will discover that your cost to sales ratio is 8%.
As you can see, the formulas are elementary, so it won’t take a lot of time to calculate your performance indicators. Nevertheless, there is an easier way to do this. These days, businesses can leverage online calculators to simplify complex calculations. There are many different tools, including a cost and revenue calculator, an expense ratio comparison calculator, a profit margin calculator, etc. All these tools can save you some time and help you acquire accurate results.
Is the term cost to sales ratio clearer now?
After grasping the idea of costs and revenue and learning how to calculate expense ratio fees, your business can handle budget variances more flexibly and simply. Yet, if B2B lead generation plays a significant role in your business, it will never hurt to team up with qualified marketing and sales teams to align your goals with budgets.
Contact Belkins to learn how to get more leads and, at the same time, maintain the low cost of operations. Our experts are always happy to help propel your business growth and prosperity!
So, what is cost of revenue? After reading this guide, you should have a clearer idea of the main terms and formulas.
In the conclusion of our article, let’s quickly recap the key points:
- The CRR measures the ratio of operating expenses to revenues generated by a business.
- To calculate CRR, you have to divide the total cost by the total revenue and multiply it by 100.
- Unlike the cost of goods sold, the cost of revenue includes additional operational expenses on top of manufacturing costs.
Measuring CRR is crucial not only for budgeting your business right but also for adjusting your sales and lead generation strategies.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100705.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20231207221604-20231208011604-00052.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
| 10,164 | 78 |
https://wikipedikia.org/what-does-5-compounded-daily-mean/
|
math
|
A General Formula.
times B dollars. Example. Suppose you deposit $1000 in a bank which pays 5% interest compounded daily, meaning 365 times per year.
Also, How much interest will 100 000 earn in a year?
How much interest will I earn on $100k? How much interest you’ll earn on $100,000 depends on your rate of return. Using a conservative estimate of 4% per year, you’d earn $4,000 in interest (100,000 x . 04 = 4,000).
Hereof, How can calculate percentage?
Percentage can be calculated by dividing the value by the total value, and then multiplying the result by 100. The formula used to calculate percentage is: (value/total value)×100%.
Also to know How much money do I need to invest to make 2000 a month? For example, if you want $2,000 per month, you’d need to save at least $480,000 before retirement. When interest rates are low and the stock market is volatile, the 5% withdrawal aspect of the rule becomes even more critical.
Can I retire on $10000 a month?
Typically you can generate at least $10,000 a month in retirement income for the rest of your life. This does not include Social Security Benefits.
How do I calculate percentage of a total?
How to calculate percentage
- Determine the whole or total amount of what you want to find a percentage for. …
- Divide the number that you wish to determine the percentage for. …
- Multiply the value from step two by 100.
What is ratio formula?
When we compare the relationship between two numbers dealing with a kind, then we use the ratio formula. It is denoted as a separation between the number with a colon (:). For example, we are making a cake, then the recipe sometimes says to mix flour to water in the ratio 2 part 1. …
How much money do I need to invest to make $500 a month?
To make $500 a month in dividends you’ll need to invest between $171,429 and $240,000, with an average portfolio of $200,000. The actual amount of money you’ll need to invest in creating a $500 per month in dividends portfolio depends on the dividend yield of the stocks you buy.
How much money do I need to invest to make $1000 a month?
So it’s probably not the answer you were looking for because even with those high-yield investments, it’s going to take at least $100,000 invested to generate $1,000 a month. For most reliable stocks, it’s closer to double that to create a thousand dollars in monthly income.
What will 150k be worth in 20 years?
How much will an investment of $150,000 be worth in the future? At the end of 20 years, your savings will have grown to $481,070. You will have earned in $331,070 in interest.
How much do I need to invest to make $500 a month?
As a result, $150,000 is how much you will need to invest to make $500 a month in dividends assuming your portfolio yields 4%.
What is considered a comfortable retirement income?
One rule of thumb is that you’ll need 70% of your pre-retirement yearly salary to live comfortably.
How do I calculate 5% of a total?
To calculate 5 percent of a number, simply divide 10 percent of the number by 2. For example, 5 percent of 230 is 23 divided by 2, or 11.5.
What is ratio explain?
In mathematics, a ratio is a comparison of two or more numbers that indicates their sizes in relation to each other. A ratio compares two quantities by division, with the dividend or number being divided termed the antecedent and the divisor or number that is dividing termed the consequent.
What is ratio in simple words?
Definition of Ratio
In simple words, the ratio is the number which can be used to express one quantity as a fraction of the other ones. The two numbers in a ratio can only be compared when they have the same unit.
How do I solve a ratio problem?
To use proportions to solve ratio word problems, we need to follow these steps:
- Identify the known ratio and the unknown ratio.
- Set up the proportion.
- Cross-multiply and solve.
- Check the answer by plugging the result into the unknown ratio.
How do I make $1000 a month in dividends?
How To Make $1,000 A Month In Dividends: 5 Step Plan
- Choose a desired dividend yield target.
- Determine the amount of investment required.
- Select dividend stocks to fill out your dividend portfolio.
- Invest in your dividend income portfolio regularly.
- Reinvest all dividends received.
How can I make $1000 a month in passive income?
9 Passive Income Ideas that earn $1000+ a month
- Start a YouTube Channel. …
- Start a Membership Website. …
- Write a Book. …
- Create a Lead Gen Website for Service Businesses. …
- Join the Amazon Affiliate Program. …
- Market a Niche Affiliate Opportunity. …
- Create an Online Course. …
- Invest in Real Estate.
How much money do I need to invest to make $50 a month?
To make $50 a month in dividends you need to invest between $17,143 and $24,000, with an average portfolio of $20,000. The exact amount of money you need to invest for $50 per month in dividend income depends on the dividend yield of the stocks you buy. Think of a dividend yield as your return on investment.
Can I retire on 4000 per month?
There is something in retirement planning known as the safe withdrawal rate. … So yes, to collect just over $4,000 per month, you need well over a million dollars in retirement accounts.
How much money do I need to invest to make $3 000 a month?
By this calculation, to get $3,000 a month, you would need to invest around $108,000 in a revenue-generating online business. Here’s how the math works: A business generating $3,000 a month is generating $36,000 a year ($3,000 x 12 months).
Can I retire on 8000 a month?
So how much income do you need? With that in mind, you should expect to need about 80% of your pre-retirement income to cover your cost of living in retirement. … Based on the 80% principle, you can expect to need about $96,000 in annual income after you retire, which is $8,000 per month.
What will 100k be worth in 20 years?
How much will an investment of $100,000 be worth in the future? At the end of 20 years, your savings will have grown to $320,714. You will have earned in $220,714 in interest.
What will 60000 be worth in 20 years?
The first result (Reduced Amount) is $33,220.55, which represents the value of $60,000 in 20 years.
Is 100k savings a lot?
Summary: Is 100k in savings a lot? Yes, it is potentially a decent chunk of change. It’s often thought of as one of the most difficult financial goals to reach.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964359082.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20211201022332-20211201052332-00390.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2021-49
| 6,402 | 70 |
http://gcsemathstutor.com/fractions.php
|
math
|
Home >> Number - Fractions
A fraction is made from two components: the numerator (on the top) and the denominator (on the bottom)
Fraction Addition - To add two fractions you must first find their common denominator. Then convert each to the new denominator and add the numerators.
Look at this example.
The common denominator is found by multiplying the two denominators together. In this case, multiply the 5 by the 3. This gives 15.
Now convert each factor to 15 ths by dividing the denominator of each into 15 and multiplying the result by each numerator.
Fraction Subtraction - This is exactly the same as for addition except that the numbers above the common denominator are subtracted from eachother.
Fraction Multiplication - Here the numerators are multiplied along the top, while the denominators are multiplied along the bottom.
Fraction Division - The second fraction is turned upside down(inverted), the two fractions are multiplied together.
Placing fractions in order(ordering) - If a calculator is allowed in the exam paper, all you have to do is convert the fractions to decimals - divide each denominator into each numerator. However is a calculator is disallowed you must use the method shown below.
Simply find the common denominator of all the fractions(as with factor addition) and convert each fraction to the new denominator. Then order the fractions and cancel to get the original fractions.
The common denominator of all these fractions is 4 x 10 x 7 x 5 (=1400)
Dividing each denominator into this number and multiplying the answer by the respective numerator we get:
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934803848.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20171117170336-20171117190336-00265.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2017-47
| 1,594 | 13 |
https://www.allkpop.com/article/2016/09/kim-soo-hyuns-half-sister-kim-joo-na-drops-another-teaser-for-her-debut
|
math
|
Kim Joo Na
, a former contestant on 'Produce 101
' and also widely known to be Kim Soo Hyun
's half sister, is making her break into the K-Pop scene!
SEE ALSO: Kim Soo Hyun completes basic military training + receives reward vacation for excellence during training
Kim Joo Na dropped another teaser image on her Instagram several hours ago, hinting that her new song is coming soon. From the teaser, we learn that the song is titled "Summer Dream" and that it will drop September 12. Little else has been revealed about Kim Joo Na's upcoming song, so we'll just have to keep checking back on her Instagram for updates.
Who is excited to hear Kim Joo Na's song?
2016.09.12 Juna - Summer dream Comming soon #김주나#주나#kimjuna#summerdream#debut#commingsoon#daily#today#musick#뮤직k#idol#kpop#follow#like
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-51/segments/1512948514238.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20171212002021-20171212022021-00505.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2017-51
| 809 | 8 |
http://www.scmp.com/article/986611/absolute-childs-play
|
math
|
Absolute child's play
1 Comme Ca Kids' cotton snow pattern coverall for infants (HK$1,090).
2 Honey Berrie's seven-piece pastel toy baby covering set, including mattress, fitted sheet, pillow and quilts, made from cotton and polyester (HK$4,200).
3 Ralph Lauren's dress made from cotton, wool and cashmere (For age 6; HK$2,530).
4 Jacadi's Artinou dress (for age 12 at HK$ 1,930 but also available in other sizes and prices), with matching Delire bag (HK$700).
5 Mothercare's Ybike, for two to five year-olds (HK$699).
6 Sony's PlayStation Vita (PS Vita) 3G/Wi-fi Model (HK$2,780) and Wi-fi model (HK$2,280). To be released on December 23.
7 Seed's puffer jacket is available for boys aged one to 10 (HK$710).
8 Tommy Hilfiger's Hunter Mini Reversible Vest for boys, made from shiny nylon and down (HK$1,380 for age 4-7 and HK$1,340 for age 1-3).
9 Sport b's femme leather army boots (HK$1,990).
10 Toys Club's Garage Playset comes with a helipad, winding ramp, six cars and trucks and four townspeople (HK$1,199).
11 TREEkids' ferum extendable coat hanger (HK$4,450) and storage box (HK$3,950).
12 Steiff and Lladro's Musical Angel teddy bear, part of a collectible series (HK$4,468). Exclusively available at Wisekids and Steiff Shop.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267864482.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20180622123642-20180622143642-00618.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2018-26
| 1,236 | 13 |
https://essaytyperplus.com/tax-cigarettes/
|
math
|
1. A country which does not tax cigarettes is considering the introduction of a $0.40 per pack tax. The economic advisors to the country estimate the supply and demand curves for cigarettes as: Q D = 140,000 – 25,000P Q S = 20,000 + 75,000P, where Q = daily sales in packs of cigarettes, and P = price per pack. The country has hired you to provide the following information regarding the cigarette market and the proposed tax.
a. What are the equilibrium values in the current environment with no tax?
b. What price and quantity would prevail after the imposition of the tax? Illustrate your answers in a graph.
c. What portion of the tax would be borne by buyers and sellers respectively?
d. Calculate the deadweight loss from the tax. What tax revenue will be generated?
2. Answer the following questions.
a. Originally, Lizzy consumes 10 icecream cones each week at a price of $1. The government levies an ad valerom tax of t on the consumption of icecream cones. Now, Lizzy decides to consume 0 icecream cones. Lizzy pays zero in taxes so she is unaffected by the tax and there is no excess burden at all. Do you agree? Explain using a graph.
b. The government has hired you to advise them on the merits of a project that is being proposed. The project is expected to generate benefits of 14 million dollars today, 5 million dollars in one year from today, and 1 million dollars in two years from today. (These are the only years of concern.) The project costs nothing today, but will cost 20 million dollars in two years. Assume the interest rate is 10%. If the benefit – cost ratio is greater than 1, the project should be allowed. What is your policy suggestion?
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104248623.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20220703164826-20220703194826-00021.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2022-27
| 1,674 | 8 |
https://essay-shelf.com/research-study-proposal-part-iv-target-population-selection-select-the-popula/
|
math
|
Research Study Proposal – Part IV: Target Population Selection Select the popula.
Research Study Proposal – Part IV: Target Population Selection
Select the population, sample size, and data collection methods appropriate for your problem statement and research question.
Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper describing how you will select your target population; your sample size; and your data collection methods. Include the following information in your paper: (Note: what you are doing here is putting more meat on the bones of your presentation in the previous week, but just in narrative form).
•Rationale for identified target population
•Method for determining appropriate sample size
•Describe rationale for selecting the data collection methodology.
•Describe descriptive or comparative statistics appropriate for your health care problem
•Describe statistical tests that could be used to analyze the data
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323587608.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20211024235512-20211025025512-00315.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2021-43
| 927 | 9 |
https://www.coursehero.com/file/6069063/facts-and-formulas-3/
|
math
|
This preview has intentionally blurred sections. Sign up to view the full version.View Full Document
Unformatted text preview: SAT Subject Physics Facts & Formulas This document is a concise but comprehensive guide to the facts and formulas typically used in the material covered by the SAT Subject physics test. The test is designed to determine how well you have mastered the physics concepts taught in a typical one-year college-prep high school course. This guide is mainly intended as a reference, as opposed to a full tutorial (which would probably be book-length), and so the explanatory material is pretty brief. You can use the guide as a simple formula reference, or as a quick review of the material that you’ve already studied elsewhere. Either way, good luck on your Subject Test! Math Stuff Although this guide is for the SAT Subject test in Physics, you’ll need to know quite a bit of math. If you’re thinking that you’ll just use your calculator to do the math, don’t forget that calculators are not allowed on the SAT Subject Physics test . Here is a summary of the really important math facts and formulas. Exponents x a · x b = x a + b ( x a ) b = x a · b x = 1 x a /x b = x a − b ( xy ) a = x a · y a √ xy = √ x · √ y 1 /x b = x − b ( − 1) n = braceleftbigg +1 , if n is even; − 1 , if n is odd. Scientific Notation Scientific notation is a short-hand form to write numbers which would have a lot of zeros when written as decimals. For example, instead of writing 1230000, you can just write 1 . 23 × 1000000, or 1 . 23 × 10 6 . The familiar powers of ten include: 10 − 3 = 0 . 001 , 10 − 2 = 0 . 01 , 10 − 1 = 0 . 1 , 10 = 1 , 10 1 = 10 , 10 2 = 100 , 10 3 = 1000 . To go from scientific notation to a plain decimal number, move the decimal to the right or left according to the sign of the exponent, putting a zero down when you have no other digits there. For example, for 3 . 7 × 10 12 , move the decimal right 12 places and add 11 zeros. Move the decimal to the left for a negative exponent. 37 11 zeros bracehtipdownleft bracehtipuprightbracehtipupleft bracehtipdownright 00000000000 . = 3 . 7 × 10 12 . 0000000000 bracehtipupleft bracehtipdownrightbracehtipdownleft bracehtipupright 10 zeros 23 = 2 . 3 × 10 − 11 To go from a plain decimal number to scientific notation, just move the decimal to the right or left (counting how many places you move) until there is only one digit to the left of the decimal point, then add “ × 10 n ” where n is the number of places you moved the decimal point (positive if you went left and negative if you went right). www.erikthered.com/tutor pg. 1 SAT Subject Physics Facts & Formulas Basic Metric Prefixes Common powers of ten (both positive and negative) have names that come before the metric unit of measurement, i.e., they are prefixes. The most typically used ones are given below....
View Full Document
This note was uploaded on 01/10/2011 for the course PHYS 100 taught by Professor Razasuleman during the Spring '10 term at University of Engineering & Technology.
- Spring '10
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128320763.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20170626133830-20170626153830-00238.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2017-26
| 3,095 | 5 |
https://www.assignmenthelpshop.com/question/probability-of-rolling-a-prime-number-on-a-10-sided-dice/
|
math
|
Rohan rolls a 10 sided dice with sides numbered from 1 to 10. What is the probability that he rolls a prime number?
A prime number is a number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors besides 1 and itself.
The prime numbers between 1 and 10 are 2, 3, 5, and 7.
Therefore, out of the 10 possible outcomes when rolling a 10-sided dice, there are 4 prime numbers.
So, the probability of rolling a prime number is 4/10, or 2/5, which can also be expressed as 0.4 or 40%.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233508959.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20230925083430-20230925113430-00628.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2023-40
| 470 | 5 |
https://www.levelupsuspension.com/pages/2017-chevrolet-colorado-zr2-torque-specs
|
math
|
2017+ Chevrolet Colorado ZR2 Torque Specs
NOTE: Degrees refers to the number of degrees the fastener turns. For example below the upper balljoint should be torqued to 37 lb*ft and then turned 90-110 degrees after that. A degree based torque wrench should be used for this process.
NOTE FOR AFTERMARKET LEVEL UP ENDLINKS USE 8 LB*FT
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474653.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20240226062606-20240226092606-00892.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2024-10
| 331 | 3 |
https://www.jiskha.com/questions/1068918/Please-Help-I-am-having-difficulties-grasping-these-concepts-Explain-please-1
|
math
|
Please Help! I am having difficulties grasping these concepts. Explain please!
1. How much heat energy is required to change 500 grams of water at 100 degrees Celsius to steam at 100 degrees Celsius?
2. How much energy is lost if 7kg of water is cooled from 46 degrees Celsius to 2 degrees Celsius?
3. How much energy is gained when a 300g piece of ice at -25 degrees Celsius is changed to steam at 155 degrees Celsius?
4. A 30 metre steel column in a building is constructed at 20 degrees Celsius. What will the length of the column be at -43 degrees Celsius?
5. An unknown amount of water at 100 degrees Celsius is mixed with 200g of water at 20 degrees Celsius. The final temperature of the solution is 30 degrees Celsius. what is the unknown amount of water?
heat changing water to vapor=mass*Hv
heat changing solid to liquid=mass*hf
heat changing temperature=mass*specificheat*changeInTemp
so number three...
heat to heat ice from -25to zero: m*specificheatice*(0--25)
heat to melt ice: m*Hffor ice look it up
Heat to warm water from zero to 100C=m*specheatwater*(100-0)
heat to vaporize water: mass*Hv (look it up)
heat to heat steam t0 155: mass(specifheatsteam)(155-100)
then add the heats.posted by bobpursley
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-34/segments/1534221219469.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20180822030004-20180822050004-00679.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2018-34
| 1,218 | 16 |
https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20110227144628AAdblGe
|
math
|
Cathy has 3.5 grams of NaCl. Does she have enough to make 400 mLs of a .3M solution of NaCl?
Thanks for the help, well done.
- 9 years agoFavorite Answer
let us calculate how many mLs we can make :
so no 3.5 g is not enough
x=17.4g in 1L
so x=17.4*0.4=6.96 g for 400 mL
- Anonymous9 years ago
NaCl has a formula wt. of 58.44; so to make 400mls of .3M NaCl requires 58.44 x .3 x 400/1000 =
7.013 grams of NaCl to make the proper solution. She doesn't have what it takes, alas.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579251728207.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20200127205148-20200127235148-00138.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2020-05
| 475 | 10 |
http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jam/2013/705814/
|
math
|
- About this Journal
- Abstracting and Indexing
- Aims and Scope
- Annual Issues
- Article Processing Charges
- Articles in Press
- Author Guidelines
- Bibliographic Information
- Citations to this Journal
- Contact Information
- Editorial Board
- Editorial Workflow
- Free eTOC Alerts
- Publication Ethics
- Reviewers Acknowledgment
- Submit a Manuscript
- Subscription Information
- Table of Contents
Journal of Applied Mathematics
Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 705814, 4 pages
Strong Convergence for Hybrid -Iteration Scheme
1Department of Mathematics and RINS, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
2School of CS and Mathematics, Hajvery University, 43-52 Industrial Area, Gulberg-III, Lahore 54660, Pakistan
3Department of Mathematics, Dong-A University, Pusan 614-714, Republic of Korea
Received 19 November 2012; Accepted 4 February 2013
Academic Editor: D. R. Sahu
Copyright © 2013 Shin Min Kang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
We establish a strong convergence for the hybrid -iterative scheme associated with nonexpansive and Lipschitz strongly pseudocontractive mappings in real Banach spaces.
1. Introduction and Preliminaries
Let be a real Banach space and let be a nonempty convex subset of . Let denote the normalized duality mapping from to defined by where denotes the dual space of and denotes the generalized duality pairing. We will denote the single-valued duality map by .
Let be a mapping.
Definition 1. The mapping is said to be Lipschitzian if there exists a constant such that
Definition 2. The mapping is said to be nonexpansive if
Definition 3. The mapping is said to be pseudocontractive if for all , there exists such that
Definition 4. The mapping is said to be strongly pseudocontractive if for all , there exists such that
Let be a nonempty convex subset of a normed space .(a)The sequence defined by, for arbitrary , where and are sequences in , is known as the Ishikawa iteration process . If for , then the Ishikawa iteration process becomes the Mann iteration process .(b)The sequence defined by, for arbitrary , where is a sequence in , is known as the -iteration process [3, 4].
In the last few years or so, numerous papers have been published on the iterative approximation of fixed points of Lipschitz strongly pseudocontractive mappings using the Ishikawa iteration scheme (see, e.g., ). Results which had been known only in Hilbert spaces and only for Lipschitz mappings have been extended to more general Banach spaces (see, e.g., [5–10] and the references cited therein).
In 1974, Ishikawa proved the following result.
Theorem 5. Let be a compact convex subset of a Hilbert space and let be a Lipschitzian pseudocontractive mapping. For arbitrary , let be a sequence defined iteratively by
where and are sequences satisfying(i),
Then the sequence converges strongly at a fixed point of .
If is a real Banach space with a uniformly convex dual , is a nonempty bounded closed convex subset of , and is a continuous strongly pseudocontractive mapping, then the Ishikawa iteration scheme converges strongly at the unique fixed point of .
In this paper, we establish the strong convergence for the hybrid -iterative scheme associated with nonexpansive and Lipschitz strongly pseudocontractive mappings in real Banach spaces. We also improve the result of Zhou and Jia .
2. Main Results
We will need the following lemmas.
Lemma 6 (see ). Let be the normalized duality mapping. Then for any , one has
Lemma 7 (see ). Let be nonnegative sequence satisfying where ,, and . Then
The following is our main result.
Theorem 8. Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Banach space , let be nonexpansive, and let be Lipschitz strongly pseudocontractive mappings such that and
Let be a sequence in satisfying(iv) (v)
For arbitrary , let be a sequence iteratively defined by
Then the sequence converges strongly at the common fixed point of and .
Proof. For strongly pseudocontractive mappings, the existence of a fixed point follows from Delmling . It is shown in that the set of fixed points for strongly pseudocontractions is a singleton.
By (v), since , there exists such that for all , where . Consider which implies that where and consequently from (16), we obtain
Substituting (18) in (15) and using (13), we get
So, from the above discussion, we can conclude that the sequence is bounded. Since is Lipschitzian, so is also bounded. Let . Also by (ii), we have as , implying that is bounded, so let . Further, which implies that is bounded. Therefore, is also bounded.
Denote . Obviously, .
Now from (12) for all , we obtain and by Lemma 6, we get which implies that because by (13), we have and . Hence, (23) gives us
For all , put then according to Lemma 7, we obtain from (26) that
This completes the proof.
Corollary 9. Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space , let be nonexpansive, and let be Lipschitz strongly pseudocontractive mappings such that and the condition . Let be a sequence in satisfying the conditions (iv) and (v).
For arbitrary , let be a sequence iteratively defined by (12). Then the sequence converges strongly at the common fixed point of and .
Example 10. As a particular case, we may choose, for instance, .
Remark 11. (1) The condition is not new and it is due to Liu et al. .
(2) We prove our results for a hybrid iteration scheme, which is simple in comparison to the previously known iteration schemes.
This study was supported by research funds from Dong-A University.
- S. Ishikawa, “Fixed points by a new iteration method,” Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 44, pp. 147–150, 1974.
- W. R. Mann, “Mean value methods in iteration,” Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 4, pp. 506–510, 1953.
- D. R. Sahu, “Applications of the S-iteration process to constrained minimization problems and split feasibility problems,” Fixed Point Theory, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 187–204, 2011.
- D. R. Sahu and A. Petruşel, “Strong convergence of iterative methods by strictly pseudocontractive mappings in Banach spaces,” Nonlinear Analysis. Theory, Methods & Applications, vol. 74, no. 17, pp. 6012–6023, 2011.
- C. E. Chidume, “Approximation of fixed points of strongly pseudocontractive mappings,” Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 120, no. 2, pp. 545–551, 1994.
- C. E. Chidume, “Iterative approximation of fixed points of Lipschitz pseudocontractive maps,” Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 129, no. 8, pp. 2245–2251, 2001.
- C. E. Chidume and C. Moore, “Fixed point iteration for pseudocontractive maps,” Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 127, no. 4, pp. 1163–1170, 1999.
- C. E. Chidume and H. Zegeye, “Approximate fixed point sequences and convergence theorems for Lipschitz pseudocontractive maps,” Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 132, no. 3, pp. 831–840, 2004.
- J. Schu, “Approximating fixed points of Lipschitzian pseudocontractive mappings,” Houston Journal of Mathematics, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 107–115, 1993.
- X. Weng, “Fixed point iteration for local strictly pseudo-contractive mapping,” Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 113, no. 3, pp. 727–731, 1991.
- H. Zhou and Y. Jia, “Approximation of fixed points of strongly pseudocontractive maps without Lipschitz assumption,” Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 125, no. 6, pp. 1705–1709, 1997.
- S. S. Chang, “Some problems and results in the study of nonlinear analysis,” Nonlinear Analysis, vol. 30, no. 7, pp. 4197–4208, 1997.
- K. Delmling, “Zeros of accretive operators,” Manuscripta Mathematica, vol. 13, pp. 283–288, 1974.
- Z. Liu, C. Feng, J. S. Ume, and S. M. Kang, “Weak and strong convergence for common fixed points of a pair of nonexpansive and asymptotically nonexpansive mappings,” Taiwanese Journal of Mathematics, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 27–42, 2007.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704075359/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113435-00057-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2013-20
| 8,177 | 80 |
https://www.gradesaver.com/textbooks/math/algebra/algebra-1/chapter-7-exponents-and-exponential-functions-7-7-exponential-growth-and-decay-mixed-review-page-461/60
|
math
|
Work Step by Step
We start with the given expression: $4n^2-7n^2$ We combine like terms using subtraction: $-3n^2$
You can help us out by revising, improving and updating this answer.Update this answer
After you claim an answer you’ll have 24 hours to send in a draft. An editor will review the submission and either publish your submission or provide feedback.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103617931.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220628203615-20220628233615-00409.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2022-27
| 363 | 4 |
http://alientravelguide.com/science/math/algebra/matrices.htm
|
math
|
A matrix is a set of numbers arranged in rows and columns so as to form a rectangular
array. The numbers are called the elements, or entries, of the matrix.
If there are m rows and n columns, the matrix is said to be an m by n matrix, written
m x n. A matrix with n rows and n columns is called a square matrix of order n. An
ordinary number can be regarded as a 1 x 1 matrix.
Two matrices A and B are equal to one another if they possess the same number of rows
and the same number of columns, and their corresponding entries are the same.
This Web Page Sums It Up!
Box 225, Parry Sound, Ontario, CANADA P2A 2X3 Tel/FAX (705)
Copyright (C) Zeuter Development Corporation, 1996. All rights
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-09/segments/1550247499009.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20190221031117-20190221053117-00000.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2019-09
| 689 | 10 |
https://www.arxiv-vanity.com/papers/1408.6971/
|
math
|
Phase sensitivity bounds for two-mode interferometers
We provide general bounds of phase estimation sensitivity in linear two-mode interferometers. We consider probe states with a fluctuating total number of particles. With incoherent mixtures of state with different total number of particles, particle entanglement is necessary but not sufficient to overcome the shot noise limit. The highest possible phase estimation sensitivity, the Heisenberg limit, is established under general unbiased properties of the estimator. When coherences can be created, manipulated and detected, a phase sensitivity bound can only be set in the central limit, with a sufficiently large repetition of the interferometric measurement.
pacs:03.65.Ta 42.50.St 42.50.Dv
The problem of determining the ultimate phase sensitivity (often tagged as the “Heisenberg limit”) of linear interferometers has long puzzled the field Caves_1981 ; SummyOPTCOMM1990 ; HradilPRA1995 ; HradilQO1992 ; HallJMO1993 ; Ou_1996 ; Shapiro_1989 ; Shapiro_1991 ; Bondurant_1984 ; Schleich_1990 ; Braunstein_1992 ; Wineland_1994 ; Holland_1993 ; YurkePRA1986 and still arises controversies Durkin_2007 ; Monras_2006 ; BenattiPRA2013 ; ZwierzPRL2010 ; JarzynaPRA2012 ; Giovannetti_2006 ; Hyllus_2010 ; Pezze_2009 ; Rivas_2011 ; PezzePRA2013 ; Joo_2011 ; HayashiPI2011 ; GLM_preprint2011 ; Tsang_preprint2011 ; HallPRA2012 ; BerryPRA2012 ; HallNJP2012 ; Hofmann_2009 ; AnisimovPRL10 ; ZhangJPA2012 ; GaoJPA2012 ; Giovannetti_2012 . The recent revival of interest is triggered by the current impressive experimental efforts in the direction of quantum phase estimation with ions exp_ions , cold atoms exp_coldatoms , Bose-Einstein condensates exp_BEC and photons exp_photons , including possible applications to large-scale gravitational wave detectors Schnabel_2010 . Beside the technological applications, the problem is closely related to fundamental questions of quantum information, most prominently, regarding the role played by quantum correlations. In particular, the phase sensitivity of a linear two-mode interferometer depends on the entanglement between particles (qubits) in the input (or “probe”) state Giovannetti_2006 ; Hyllus_2010 ; Pezze_2009 . It is widely accepted Giovannetti_2006 ; Pezze_2009 that, when the number of qubits in the input state of is fixed, and equal to [so that the mean square particle-number fluctuations ], there are two important bounds in the uncertainty of unbiased phase estimation. The shot noise limit,
is the maximum sensitivity achievable with probe states containing only classical correlations among particles. The factor accounts for the number of independent repetitions of the measurement. This bound is not fundamental. It can be surpassed by preparing the particles of the probe in a proper entangled state. The fundamental (Heisenberg) limit is given by
and it is saturated by maximally entangled (NOON) states.
It should be noticed that most of the theoretical investigations have been developed in the context of systems having a fixed, known, total number of particles . However, many experiments are performed in presence of finite fluctuations . The consequences in the phase sensitivity of classical and quantum fluctuations of the number of particles entering the interferometer have not been yet investigated in great depth. In this case, indeed, the existence and discovery of the phase uncertainty bounds can be critically complicated by the presence of coherences between different total number of particles in the probe state and/or the output measurement Hyllus_2010 ; Hofmann_2009 . However such quantum coherences do not play any role in two experimentally relevant cases: i) in the presence of superselection rules, which are especially relevant for massive particles and forbid the existence of number coherences in the probe state; ii) when the phase shift is estimated by measuring an arbitrary function of the number of particles in the output state of the interferometer, e.g. when the total number of particles is post-selected by the measurement apparatus. The point (ii) is actually an ubiquitous condition in current atomic and optical experiments. Indeed, all known phase estimation protocols implemented experimentally are realised by measuring particle numbers.
In the absence of number coherences, or when coherences are present but irrelevant because of (ii), we can define a state as separable if it is separable in each subspace of a fixed number of particles Hyllus_2010 . A state is entangled if it is entangled in at least one subspace of fixed number of particles. With separable states, the maximum sensitivity of unbiased phase estimators is bounded by the shot-noise
while with entangled states the relevant bound, the Heisenberg limit, is given by Hyllus_2010
We point out that Eq. (4) cannot be obtained from Eq. (2) by simply replacing with . On the other hand, Eq. (4) reduces to Eq. (2) when number fluctuations vanish, . An example of phase estimation saturating the scaling is obtained with the coherentsqueezed-vacuum state PezzePRL2008 .
When the probe state and the output measurement contain number coherences, the situation becomes more involved. It is still possible to show that Eq. (4) holds in the central limit (), at least. Outside the central limit, it is possible to prove that the highest phase sensitivity is bounded by
The crucial point is that the fluctuations can be made arbitrarily large even with a finite . In general, no lower bound can be settled in this case: , and it can be saturated with finite resources (, ) if an unbiased estimator exists. Outside the central limit, (i.e. for a small number of measurements) we cannot rule out the existence of opportune unbiased estimators which can saturate Eq. (5).
This manuscript extends and investigate in details the results and concepts introduced in Ref. Hyllus_2010 . In Sec. II we review the theory of multiparameter estimation with special emphasis on two-mode linear transformations. This allows us to introduce the useful concept of (quantum) Fisher information and the Cramér-Rao bound. We show that two mode phase estimation involves, in general, operations which belong to the U(2) transformation group. When number coherences in the probe state and/or in output measurement observables are not present, the only allowed operations are described by SU(2) group. In Secs. III and IV we give bounds on the quantum Fisher information depending whether or not the probe state contains number coherences. In the latter case, we set an ultimate bound that can be reached by separable states of a fluctuating number of particles. Finally, in Sec. VI we discuss the Heisenberg limit, Eq. (4), and under which conditions it holds.
This manuscript focuses on the ideal noiseless case. It is worth pointing out that decoherence can strongly affect the achievable phase uncertainty bounds. For several relevant noise models in quantum metrology, as, for instance, particles losses, correlated or uncorrelated phase noise, phase uncertainty bounds have been derived HuelgaPRL1997 ; ShajiPRA2007 ; EscherNATPHYS2011 ; RafalNATCOMM2012 ; DornerNJP2012 ; LandiniNJP2014 .
Ii Basic concepts
In the (multi-)phase estimation problem, a probe state undergoes a transformation which depends on the unknown vector parameter . The phase shift is estimated from measurements of the transformed state . The protocol is repeated times by preparing identical copies of and performing identical transformations and measurement. The most general measurement scenario is a positive-operator valued measure (POVM), i.e. a set of non-negative Hermitian operators parametrized by and satisfying the completeness relation Helstrom_book . The label indicates the possible outcome of a measurement which can be continuous (as here), discrete or multivariate. Each outcome is characterized by a probability , conditioned by the true value of the parameters. The positivity and Hermiticity of guarantee that are real and nonnegative, the completeness guarantees that . The aim of this section is to settle the general theory of phase estimation for two-mode interferometers.
ii.1 Probe state
A generic probe state with fluctuating total number of particles can be written as
with and , where
is a coherent superposition of states with different number of particles. The coefficients are complex numbers and the normalization condition implies . It is generally believed that quantum coherences between states of different numbers of particles do not play any observable role because of the existence of superselection rules (SSRs) for the total number of particles WickPR52 ; Bartlett_2007 . In the presence of SSRs the only physically meaningful states are those which commute with the number of particles operator,
A state satisfies this condition if and only if nota:commutatorN it can be written as the incoherent mixture
where is a normalized () state, are positive numbers satisfying and are projectors on the fixed- subspace. The existence of SSRs is the consequence of the lack of a phase reference frame (RF) Bartlett_2007 . However, the possibility that a suitable RF can be established in principle cannot be excluded Bartlett_2007 . If SSRs are lifted, then coherent superpositions of states with different numbers of particles become physically relevant.
ii.2 separability and multiparticle entanglement
where is the state of the th particle. A state is (multiparticle) entangled if it is not separable. One can further consider the case where only a fraction of the particles are in an entangled state and classify multiparticle entangled states following Refs. SeevinckPRA01 ; GuehneNJP05 ; ChenPRA05 ; SoerensenPRL01 ; GuhnePHYSREP2009 . A pure state of particles is -producible if it can be written as , where is a state of particles, witht . A state is -particle entangled if it is -producible but not -producible. Therefore, a -particle entangled state can be written as where the product contains at least one state of particles which does not factorize. A mixed state is -producible if it can be written as a mixture of -producible pure states, i.e., , where for all . Again, it is -particle entangled if it is -producible but not -producible. Notice that, formally, a separable state is -producible, and that a decomposition of a -particle entangled state of particles may contain states where different sets of particles are entangled.
where is a -producible state of particles. A state with number coherences (6) will be called separable if it is separable in every fixed- subspace Hyllus_2010 , i.e. if the incoherent mixture , obtained from by projecting over fixed- subspaces, has the form of Eq. (11). Analogously, a state will be called -producible if the projection on each fixed- subspace has the form of Eq. (12).
ii.3 Two-mode transformations
In the following we will focus on linear transformations involving two modes. These includes a large class of optical and atomic passive devices, including the beam-splitter, Mach-Zehnder and Ramsey interferometers. Most of the current prototype phase estimation experiments exp_ions ; exp_coldatoms ; exp_photons ; exp_BEC are well described by a two-mode approximation.
Denoting by and ( and ) are input (output) mode annihilation operators, we can write
The matrix Eq. (14) is unitary, preserves bosonic and fermonic commutation relations between the input/output mode operators and its determinant is equal to . The most general two mode transformation thus belongs to the U(2)=U(1)SU(2) group (unitary matrices with determinant ). The coefficients is physically related to transmittance and reflectance of the transformation (14), and being the corresponding phases. The lossless nature of Eq. (14) is guaranteed by
Using the Jordan-Schwinger representation of angular momentum systems in terms of mode operators SchwingerBOOK , it is possible to find the operator corresponding to the matrix (14). In other words, for is the transformation of mode operators (Heisenberg picture) and , , is the equivalent transformation of statistical mixtures and quantum states, respectively (Schrödinger picture). One finds CamposPRA1989 ; YurkePRA1986
is the number of particle operator, (where , and are the coordinates of the vector in the Bloch sphere and satisfy ), and
are spin operators. The exact relation between the parameters of the matrix [, and in Eq. (14)] and the parameters of the operator [, , and in Eq. (15)] is given in Appendix A. The operators , and satisfy the angular momentum commutation relations. Notice that the pseudo-spin operators commute with the total number of particles, for . We can thus rewrite , where and is the Pauli matrix (along the direction in the Bloch sphere, ) acting on the -th particle.
The most general U(2) transformation, Eq. (15), can be rewritten as
where , , is a direction perpendicular to and , and . Equation (16) highlights the presence of two phases, and , which can be identified as the phases acquired in each mode and inside a Mach-Zehnder-like interferometer [with standard balanced beam splitters replaced by the transformation , see Fig. 1(a)]. Both phases may be unknown. When setting one of the two phases to zero (or to any fixed known value), Eq. (16) reduces to different single-phase transformations:
U(1) transformations (), which can be understood as a phase shift equally imprinted on each of the two modes: .
ii.4 Output measurement
Generally speaking, a POVM may or may not contain coherences among different number of particles. A POVM does not contain number coherences if and only if all its elements commute with the number of particles operator,
where acts on the fixed- subspace and are projectors.
In current phase estimation experiments, the phase shift is estimated by measuring a function of the number of particles at the output modes of the interferometer. The experimentally relevant POVMs can thus be written as
By making a change of variable and (), we can rewrite this equation as
which has the form of Eq. (19). Notice that the information about the total number of particles is not necessarily included in the POVM. For instance, the POVM corresponding to the measurement of only the relative number of particles can be written as
which, again, has the form of Eq. (19). This example can be straightforwardly generalized to the measurement of any function of the relative number of particles. For the measurement of the number of particles in a single output port of the interferometer (for instance at the output port “1”), we have
ii.5 Conditional probabilities
For U(2) transformations, Eq. (16), the conditional probability can be written as
where . The derivation of Eq. (23) is detailed in Appendix B. Equation (23) depends only on , the relative phase shift among the two modes of the interferometer. We conclude that U(2) transformations are relevant only if the input state contains coherences among different number of particles and the output measurement is a POVM with coherences. In all other cases the phase shift is irrelevant as the conditional probabilities are insensitive to . In this case, the mode transformation Eq. (16) restricts to the unimodular (i.e. unit determinant) subgroup SU(2). The SU(2) representation, while being not general, is widely used because, in current experiments, the phase shift is estimated by measuring a function of the number of particles at the output ports of the interferometer. Table 1 summarizes the general two-mode transformation group for the phase estimation problem, depending on the presence of number coherences in the probe state and POVM.
|POVM with coh.||POVM without coh.|
ii.6 Multiphase estimation
Since U(2) transformations involve two phases, and , we review here the theory of two-parameter estimation PezzeVarenna . The vector parameter is inferred from the values obtained in repeated independent measurements. The mapping from the measurement results into the two-dimensional parameter space is provided by the estimator function . Its mean value is , with () and the likelihood function . We further introduce the covariance matrix of elements
Notice that is symmetric and its th diagonal element is the variance of .
ii.6.1 Cramér-Rao bound
where is the Jacobian matrix and
the Fisher information matrix notaFij , which is symmetric and nonnegative definite. Note that , and generally depend on but we do not explicitly indicate this dependence, in order to simplify the notation. Note also that may depend on . In the inequality (25) and are arbitrary real vectors. Depending on and we thus have an infinite number of scalar inequalities. If the Fisher matrix is positive definite, and thus invertible, the specific choice in Eq. (25) leads to the vector parameter Cramér-Rao lower bound CramerBOOK , in the sense that the matrix is nonnegative definite [i.e. holds for all real vectors ], where
This specific choice of leads to a bound which is saturable by the maximum likelihood estimator (see Sec. II.6.2) asymptotically in the number of measurements.
In the two-parameter case, the Fisher information matrix
is invertible if and only if , its inverse given by
Furthermore, if does not depend on for (i.e. is diagonal), the diagonal elements of satisfy the inequalities:
with , . For the two-parameter case, the inequality (30) can be immediately demonstrated by using which holds since nonnegative definite and assumed here to be invertible.
In the estimation of a single parameter, the matrix reduces to the variance . Equation (27) becomes
where [for unbiased estimators , i.e. ] and is the (scalar) Ficher information (FI). By comparing Eq. (30) and Eq. (31), we see, as reasonably expected, that the estimation uncertainty of a multi-parameter problem is always larger or at most equal than the uncertainty obtained for a single parameter (namely, when all other parameters are exactly known).
ii.6.2 Maximum likelihood estimation
A main goal of parameter estimation is to find the estimators saturating the Cramér-Rao bound. These are called efficient estimators. While such estimators are rare, it is not possible to exclude, in general, that an efficient unbiased estimator may exist for any value of . One of the most important estimators is the maximum likelihood (ML) . It is defined as the value which maximizes the log-likelihood function:
It is possible to demonstrate, by using the law of large numbers and the central limit theorem, that, asymptotically in the number of measurements, the maximum likelihood is unbiased and normally distributed with variance given by the inverse Fisher information matrix PezzeVarenna ; Kay_book . Therefore, the specific choice of vector which leads to the Cramér-Rao bound (27) is justified by the fact that the ML saturates this bound for a sufficiently large number of measurements.
ii.6.3 Quantum Cramér-Rao bound
The Fisher information matrix, satisfies
in the sense that the matrix is positive definite. The symmetric matrix is called the quantum Fisher information matrix and its elements are
with , where the self-adjoint operator , called the symmetric logarithmic derivative (SLD) Helstrom_book , is defined as
In particular, we have , being the real part of . Note also that the operator (and also ) generally depends on . Equation (33) holds for any Fisher information matrix (invertible or not) and there is no guarantee that, in general, the equality sign can be saturated. Assuming that and are positive definite (and thus invertible) and combining Eq. (27) – in the unbiased case – with Eq. (33), we obtain the matrix inequality nota_invposmat , where
This sets a fundamental bound, the quantum Cramér-Rao (QCR) bound Helstrom_book , for the sensitivity of unbiased estimators. The bound cannot be saturated, in general, in the multiparameter case.
In the single parameter case, we have , where
The (scalar) quantum Fisher information (QFI) can be written as
where is the -dependent SLD and we used . The equality (or, equivalently ) holds if the POVM is made by the set of projector operators over the eigenvectors of the operator , as first discussed in Ref. Braunstein_1994 . The quantum Cramér-Rao is a very convenient way to calculate the phase uncertainty since it only depends on the properties of the probe state and not on the quantum measurement.
Iii Fisher Information for states without number coherences
As discussed above, for states without number coherences we can restrict to SU(2) transformations and thus the estimation of a single parameter: the relative phase shift among the arms of a Mach-Zehnder-like interferometer. In this case, an important property of the QFI holds:
where is the QFI calculated on the fixed- subspace. To demonstrate this equation let us consider the general expression of QFI given in Ref. Braunstein_1994 ,
where and is a basis of the Hilbert space, , chosen such that . For states without number coherence, we have where is a basis on the fixed- subspace. Since , i.e. does not couple states of different number of particles. In an analogous way it is possible to demonstrate that the SLD . We thus conclude that, when the input state does not have number coherences, the Von Neumann measurement on the eigenstates of for each value of – which in particular does not have number coherences – is such that the corresponding FI saturates the QFI.
Iv Fisher Information for states with number coherences
In this section we discuss the quantum Fisher information for states with number coherences. First we consider the estimation a single phase, either or , separately, assuming that the other parameter is known. We then apply the multiparameter estimation theory outlined above to calculate the sensitivity when and are both estimated at the same time. We will mainly focus on the calculation of an upper bound to the quantum Fisher information.
iv.1 Single parameter estimation
Let us consider the different transformations outlined in Sec. II.3:
SU(2) transformation . It is interesting to point out that, for SU(2) transformations, number coherences may increase the value of the QFI. We have
where is a normalized pure state with coherences and is obtained from by tracing out the number-coherences. Notice that, if holds, then that saturation of necessarily requires a POVM with number coherences. This is a consequence of the fact that the Fisher information obtained with POVMs without coherences is independent on the presence of number coherences in the probe state and it is therefore upper bounded by . Equation (IV.1) can be demonstrated using i) Braunstein_1994 ; Pezze_2009 and [see Eq. (39)], where we have explicitly indicated the state on which the variance is calculated on (we will keep this notation where necessary and drop it elsewhere) and ii) the Cauchy-Schwartz inequality
The equality holds if and only if is a constant independent of .
In the following we discuss the bounds to the QFI. For this, a useful property of the QFI is its convexity PezzeVarenna . In our case it implies
where the equality holds only for pure states. Furthermore,
The first inequality is saturated for . In the second inequality we used both saturated for the NOON state with [and ]. In this case, by using Eq. (42), we have that
where the equality can be saturated by a coherent superposition of NOON states (note indeed that ). We thus have
U(2) transformations . Using the convexity of the QFI, we have
where the second inequality follows from a Cauchy-Schwarz inequality. We thus have
iv.2 Two-parameter estimation
In the U(2) framework, there are, in general, two phases to estimate: and . When estimating both at the same time, the phase sensitivity is calculated using the multiphase estimation formalism discussed above. The inequality (30), leads to
which can be further bounded by using the above inequalities for the QFI. For pure states we have
where . We thus have
which, in particular, is always larger than , and
which is always larger than .
V Separability and Entanglement
When the number of particles is fixed, there exists a precise relation between the entanglement properties of a probe state and the QFI: if the state is separable [i.e. can be written as in Eq. (10)] then the inequality
holds Pezze_2009 . A QFI larger than is a sufficient condition for entanglement and singles out the states which are useful for quantum interferometry, i.e. states that can be used to achieve a sub shot noise phase uncertainty. The above inequality can be extended to the case of multiparticle entanglement. In Refs HyllusArXiv10 ; TothArXiv10 , it has been shown that for -producible states the bound
holds, where is the largest integer smaller than or equal to and . Hence a violation of the bound (51) proves -particle entanglement. For general states of a fixed number of particles, we have Pezze_2009 ; Giovannetti_2006 , whose saturation requires -particle entanglement.
In the case of states with number fluctuations, the situation is more involved. For states without number coherences, by using Eq. (39), we straightforwardly obtain
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487643703.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20210619051239-20210619081239-00166.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2021-25
| 25,143 | 99 |
http://www.dogfartmegapass.com/dogfart-videos/blacksonblondes/agnes/
|
math
|
05/13/2014:: ALLIE JAMES INTERRACIAL GANGBANGSee More!
04/22/2014:: PENNY PAX AT INTERRACIAL BLOWBANGSee More!
12/14/2012:: SHEENA SHOW ON A HUGE BLACK CUMGUNSee More!
04/13/2013:: REMY LACROIX INTERRACIAL ANAL SESSIONSee More!
08/16/2013:: VALENTINA NAPPI's INTERRACIAL ANAL DPSee More!
05/12/2014:: BUNNY FREEDOM INTERRACIAL GLORYHOLESee More!
Access 22 Exclusive Interracial Porn Sites With One Membership!
Agnes Interracial Porn Video
Time for another exclusive adventure from Mark Anthony's debauchery tour of Europe where he fucks some of the hottest babes he can find. This time he finds a lucsious blonde named Agnes in Budapest, and shows her what's it like to get his huge bent-up hog shoved up her tight little pussy, and even tighter and tinier asshole! If you like girls with exotic stockings, Agnes has a pair of wide fishnet pantyhose on that she keeps wearing through the entire scene. The openings are wide enough for even Mark's giant black twisted cucumber, so he just fucks right through them. He finishes the scene like he always does by squeezing his thick toothpaste-like jizz into her pretty mouth.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224646144.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20230530194919-20230530224919-00333.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2023-23
| 1,152 | 9 |
https://community.tableau.com/thread/283026
|
math
|
This content has been marked as final. Show 2 replies
I need help to show a conversion rate with data not in the data source. In summary, I would like to take a unique count of values in a "column A" filter for select values in "column B" then divide by a fixed number to show a %. Something like:
If column A = 'xx/yy' then countd and divide that total by 1,234 and if column B = 'yy/zz' then countd and then divide divide that total by 2,321, and if column C = 'aa/bb' then countd and then divide divide that total by 3,233.
Is this possible? Please help! :-)
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-13/segments/1552912204768.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20190326014605-20190326040605-00093.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2019-13
| 561 | 4 |
http://www.ck12.org/book/CK-12-Algebra-I-Honors/r3/section/3.0/
|
math
|
In this chapter you will learn about linear functions. You will learn what is meant by a function, function notation and how to identify a function from a graph. You will also learn how to graph a linear function by creating a table of values and by plotting the x and y−intercepts. In addition, you will learn about the domain and the range of functions, what these terms mean, what proper notation is, and how to determine these from a graph.
The chapter will continue with graphing a quadratic function of the form y=x2. In this section, you will learn that a parabola has a vertex, an axis of symmetry, a domain and a range. You will also learn that a parabola can undergo transformations that will affect the vertex, the y−values, the direction of the opening and its range. These transformations will be presented in the function as it is written in transformational form. At the end of the chapter, you will learn how to use these transformations to graph the function.
In this chapter you will do the following lessons:
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218189802.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212949-00213-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2017-13
| 1,031 | 3 |
http://www.futilitycloset.com/category/puzzles/page/10/
|
math
|
Martin Gardner called this the proudest puzzle of his own devising. When the pieces on the left are rearranged as on the right, a hole appears in the center of the square. How is this possible?
“I haven’t the foggiest notion of how to succeed in inventing a good puzzle,” he told the College Mathematics Journal. “I don’t think psychologists understand much either about how mathematical discoveries are made. … The creative act is still a mystery.”
A puzzle by Polish mathematician Paul Vaderlind:
Andre Agassi and Boris Becker are playing tennis. Agassi wins the first set 6-3. If there were 5 service breaks in the set, did Becker serve the first game?
(Service changes with each new game in the 9-game set. A service break is a game won by the non-server.)
By Werner Keym, from Die Schwalbe, 1979. What were the last moves by White and Black?
Two adjoining lakes are connected by a lock. The lakes differ by 2 meters in elevation. A boat can pass from the lower lake to the upper by passing through the lock gate, which is closed behind it; then water is added to the lock chamber until its level matches that of the upper lake, and the boat can pass out through the upper gate.
Now suppose two boats do this in succession. The first boat weighs 50 tons, the second only 5 tons. How much more water must be used to raise the small boat than the large one?
This scale balances a cup of water with a certain weight. Will the balance be upset if you put your finger in the water, if you’re careful not to touch the glass?
A curious puzzle by George Koltanowski, from America Salutes Comins Mansfield, 1983. “Who mates in 1?”
A puzzle by Lewis Carroll:
A bag contains one counter, known to be either white or black. A white counter is put in, the bag shaken, and a counter drawn out, which proves to be white. What is now the chance of drawing a white counter?
A puzzle by Henry Dudeney:
A lady is accustomed to buy from her greengrocer large bundles of asparagus, each twelve inches in circumference. The other day the man had no large bundles in stock, but handed her instead two small ones, each six inches in circumference. “That is the same thing,” she said, “and, of course, the price will be the same.” But the man insisted that the two bundles together contained more than the large one, and charged a few pence extra. Which was correct — the lady or the greengrocer?
Raymond Smullyan presented this puzzle on the cover of his excellent 1979 book The Chess Mysteries of Sherlock Holmes. Black moved last. What was his move?
You’ve just won a set of singles tennis. What’s the least number of times your racket can have struck the ball? Remember that if you miss the ball while serving, it’s a fault.
The Renaissance mathematician Niccolò Tartaglia would use this bewildering riddle to assess neophytes in logic:
If half of 5 were 3, what would a third of 10 be?
What’s the answer?
A mother takes two strides to her daughter’s three. If they set out walking together, each starting with the right foot, when will they first step together with the left?
By M. Charosh, from the Fairy Chess Review, 1937. White to mate in zero moves.
A puzzle by Henry Dudeney:
The Dobsons secured apartments at Slocomb-on-Sea. There were six rooms on the same floor, all communicating, as shown in the diagram. The rooms they took were numbers 4, 5, and 6, all facing the sea.
But a little difficulty arose. Mr. Dobson insisted that the piano and the bookcase should change rooms. This was wily, for the Dobsons were not musical, but they wanted to prevent any one else playing the instrument.
Now, the rooms were very small and the pieces of furniture indicated were very big, so that no two of these articles could be got into any room at the same time. How was the exchange to be made with the least possible labour? Suppose, for example, you first move the wardrobe into No. 2; then you can move the bookcase to No. 5 and the piano to No. 6, and so on.
It is a fascinating puzzle, but the landlady had reasons for not appreciating it. Try to solve her difficulty in the fewest possible removals with counters on a sheet of paper.
Here are seven pennies, all heads up. In a single move you can turn over any four of them. By repeatedly making such moves, can you eventually turn all seven pennies tails up?
Prove that, at any given moment, there are two points on the equator that are diametrically opposed yet have the same temperature.
Another puzzle from Henry Dudeney:
“It is a glorious game!” an enthusiast was heard to exclaim. “At the close of last season, of the footballers of my acquaintance, four had broken their left arm, five had broken their right arm, two had the right arm sound, and three had sound left arms.” Can you discover from that statement what is the smallest number of players that the speaker could be acquainted with?
From the 1977 all-Soviet-Union Mathematical Olympiad:
Seven dwarfs are sitting at a round table. Each has a cup, and some cups contain milk. Each dwarf in turn pours all his milk into the other six cups, dividing it equally among them. After the seventh dwarf has done this, they find that each cup again contains its initial quantity of milk. How much milk does each cup contain, if there were 42 ounces of milk altogether?
We’ve removed two squares from this 7×8 grid, so that it numbers 54 squares. Can it be covered orthogonally with tiles like the one at right, each of which covers exactly three squares?
A puzzle by Henry Dudeney:
A man planted two poles upright in level ground. One pole was six and a half feet and the other seven feet seven inches above ground. From the top of each pole he tied a string to the bottom of the other — just where it entered the ground. Now, what height above the ground was the point where the two strings crossed one another? The hasty reader will perhaps say, “You have forgotten to tell us how far the poles were apart.” But that point is of no consequence whatever, as it does not affect the answer!
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-41/segments/1410657120974.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20140914011200-00192-ip-10-196-40-205.us-west-1.compute.internal.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2014-41
| 6,043 | 35 |
http://www.adprima.com/math2.htm
|
math
|
S. B. Kizlik, Ed. D.
4, 5, 6
(Subtraction of Mixed Numbers)
Academic rule for subtracting mixed numbers with regrouping or trading
already learned to subtract mixed numbers without trading
The students will subtract 2 mixed numbers requiring regrouping or
with a difference less than 50.
the attention of students; remind them of proper procedure behaviors.
-Direct students to get out their math notebooks and pencils
-Put students with their partners (groups of 2)
-Review the topic of subtracting mixed numbers that do not require regrouping
“What is a mixed number?”
number plus a proper fraction)
-Call one student to the overhead to display the value of 3 2/5 using
Call another student to display the value of 2 5/8.
-Discuss the results and any questions
-Distribute fraction strips to the groups
“Work with your partner and display the values for these mixed
Leave your displays on the desktops so I can check them as I come
around to help.
-Circulate, assist, and check solutions
-Discuss results and questions
-Pose the question
“What if we had 7 ¾ pizzas and gave 4 ¼ to Mr. Jackson’s class?
How much pizza would we have left?”
-Discuss the information, the question, a plan for solving
-Call one student to the overhead to display the process using the rods
-Call another student to the board to demonstrate the process in written form:
7 ¾ -
4 ¼ = 3 2/4
= 3 ½
-Stress that answers should always be written in lowest terms
“Do the following problems in your math notebooks.
Show your work.
5 2/3 - 1 1/3
8 4/5 -
assist, and check accuracy
-Discuss results and questions.
subtraction with regrouping or trading through examples
-Have students consider
5 2/5 -
“Look at the fraction values in the mixed numbers.
Are there enough fifths
in 2/5 to remove 3/5 of them?” (call on a student to answer.)
-Direct class to work with their partners, use their fraction strips, and
the answer to this question for
a minute or so
“How can we make enough fifths from
5 2/5 to be able to
3/5 of them?”
-Have a group demonstrate, using fraction strips on the overhead, trading a
ONE from the whole number, trading it for the equivalent
fraction pieces in
fifths, and combining it with the 2 fifth pieces that are
already there, showing
4 wholes and 7 fifths.
-Discuss trading a ONE for its fraction value
ONE from the whole number 5, making the one 5/5 and
the whole number 4 in place of the 5, combining the fraction
with the fraction 2/5 leaves the mixed number 4 7/5.
-Demonstrate this trading process in written form
5 2/5 = 4 + 5/5 + 2/5 = 4
-Demonstrate how it affects the subtraction (fraction – fraction and
whole – whole) using both
fraction strips and written form
5 2/5 = 4 + 5/5 +
2/5 = 4 7/5
- 2 3/5=
= 2 3/5
-Direct the groups to use their fraction strips and written form to solve
6 1/3 -
- 1 4/5
-Have a group demonstrate, using fraction strips, the first problem on the
-Discuss the process
-Demonstrate the written form on the board
-Stress that the ONE changes to a fraction with numerator and denominator
the same, and that is the same
as the denominator of the fraction in the
-Stress the importance of writing the answers in simplest terms.
-Have a student demonstrate the written form of the second problem
-Discuss the process
-Leave the problems on the board for the students to reference
-Direct the students to work these problems in their notebooks
7 3/8 - 3 7/8
12 4/7 - 8 6/7
9 5/6 - 2 1/6
assist, check accuracy
-Have a student work each problem on the board
-Discuss any questions
-Note that the last problem did not require trading a one from the whole
because there were enough sixths to remove already
when you need to trade a one from the whole number and when
it is not necessary by pointing
to the last group of practice problems.
-Stress that the one must be written using the same denominator so it can
be combined with the fraction
that is already present in the minuend.
-Direct students to begin their assignment
-Circulate and assist
Materials and Equipment
fraction strips for the class and the overhead
Cuisenaire rods for the overhead
Assessment / Evaluation
achievement during the class will be measured informally through
observation because this is the very first lesson on subtracting mixed
numbers with regrouping or trading.
Student achievement will also be
measured on the assignment.
-Students will be
given page 45 for their assignment.
-Tomorrow the process will be reviewed and applied to word problems.
the students able to follow my directions with little or no confusion?
the processes, situations, and rules concise, precise, and age-level
the class achieve at least 88% success on the practice problems?
did I do very well?
could I have done better?
will I do this better next time?
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-47/segments/1510934806465.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20171122050455-20171122070455-00337.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2017-47
| 4,773 | 117 |
https://allnurses.com/lpn-rn-nursing/question-269460.html
|
math
|
Quote from jjt
you have to change the 750 bc you cannot change what you have on hand.
Quote from peridotgirl
change the milligrams to grams becuase you cannot change what you have on hand. so change the 750 mg to grams
not really. i would rather change the gram to mg. it is much easier to work with whole numbers than decimals. plus, in this problem you will be administering meds in ml not mg, so yes you can definitely change the grams to mg because what you have on hand is in ml not grams.
for example, this is how i would do this
1. convert 1 g to 1000 mg
2. then i would do the ratio and proportion
= (750 mg / 1000 mg) x 50 ml
= (3/4) x 50 ml
= (3/2) x 25 ml
= 37.5 ml (this is how much you would give)
there is nothing wrong with how jjt and peridotgirl would tackle the problem. i just want my numbers to be whole so they are easier to work with.
you will have the same answer but i think whole numbers are easier to work with compare to
(0.75 g / 1 g ) x 50 ml
p.s. my instructor always says always work with whole numbers.
ofcourse if you use the calculator, it does not matter.
i am not allowed to use calculator at school.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039742253.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20181114170648-20181114192648-00135.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2018-47
| 1,136 | 18 |
http://won-usa.com/company.php
|
math
|
WON Linear Rail Systesm is specialized in total linear motion solutions
WON linear rail system is specialized in total linear motion solution. Since 1989, WON Linear has produced linear rail system.
With the ability to manufacture Ball Guide, Roller Guide, Robot-Carrier Guide and Ball Screw, WON Linear is able to supply the total linear motion components and satisfy the customer's request.
WON Linear Motion Systems is right here for total linear motion solution.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710869.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20221201185801-20221201215801-00678.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2022-49
| 466 | 4 |
http://www.oalib.com/search?kw=%20Sandy%20Wyllie-Echeverria&searchField=authors
|
math
|
Publish in OALib Journal
APC: Only $99
every partition and its conjugation , there is an important invariant , which denotes the number of different parts. That is , . We will derive a series of symmetric q-identities from the invariant in partition conjugation by
studying modified Durfee rectangles. The extensive applications of the several
symmetric q-identities in q-series will also be discussed. Without too much effort one can obtain much well-known knowledge
as well as new formulas by proper substitutions and elementary calculations,
such as symmetric identities, mock theta functions, a two-variable reciprocity
theorem, identities from Ramanujan’s Lost Notebook and so on.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514573561.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20190919163337-20190919185337-00498.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2019-39
| 688 | 8 |
https://laurenceanywaysthemovie.com/what-is-the-variance-of-a-normal-distribution/
|
math
|
What is the variance of a normal distribution?
A special case of the normal distribution has mean and a variance of σ 2 = 1 . The ‘standard normal’ is an important distribution. A standard normal distribution has a mean of 0 and variance of 1. This is also known as a z distribution.
How do you explain variance?
In statistics, variance measures variability from the average or mean. It is calculated by taking the differences between each number in the data set and the mean, then squaring the differences to make them positive, and finally dividing the sum of the squares by the number of values in the data set.
How do you interpret standard deviation and variance?
- Standard deviation looks at how spread out a group of numbers is from the mean, by looking at the square root of the variance.
- The variance measures the average degree to which each point differs from the mean—the average of all data points.
What is normal variation in statistics?
Normal variation is represented with the Bell-Shaped curve which is a symmetrical distribution that has a high center peak and with upper and lower edges that approach zero. This is also referred to as a Gaussian distribution, named after Carl Gauss the father of the science of statistics.
What is mean and variance for standard normal distribution?
A standard normal distribution is a normal distribution with zero mean ( ) and unit variance ( ), given by the probability density function and distribution function. (1) (2) over the domain .
What are the mean variance and standard deviation of a standard normal distribution?
The mean for the standard normal distribution is zero, and the standard deviation is one. The transformation z=x−μσ z = x − μ σ produces the distribution Z ~ N(0, 1).
How do you explain variance between budget and actual?
Budget variance equals the difference between the budgeted amount of expense or revenue, and the actual cost. Favourable or positive budget variance occurs when: Actual revenue is higher than the budgeted revenue. Actual expenses are lower than the budgeted expenses.
What are the different types of variances?
There are four main forms of variance:
- Sales variance.
- Direct material variance.
- Direct labour variance.
- Overhead variance.
Is it better to have a high or low variance?
Low variance is associated with lower risk and a lower return. High-variance stocks tend to be good for aggressive investors who are less risk-averse, while low-variance stocks tend to be good for conservative investors who have less risk tolerance. Variance is a measurement of the degree of risk in an investment.
How do you calculate normal variation?
The variance for a population is calculated by:
- Finding the mean(the average).
- Subtracting the mean from each number in the data set and then squaring the result. The results are squared to make the negatives positive.
- Averaging the squared differences.
Which is called as normal variation of the process?
Variation that is normal or usual for the process is defined as being produced by common causes. For example, common causes of variation in driving to work are traffic lights and weather conditions. Variation that is unusual or unexpected is defined as being produced by special causes.
Are mean and variance independent of each other in normal distribution?
Geary has shown, assuming that the mean and variance are finite, that the normal distribution is the only distribution where the mean and variance calculated from a set of independent draws are independent of each other. The normal distribution is a subclass of the elliptical distributions.
How do you calculate variance from the mean?
To calculate the Variance, compute the difference of each from the mean, square it and find then find the average once again. So for this particular case the variance is : = (220 2 + 60 2 + (-230) 2 +30 2 + (-80) 2)/5.
How does variance depend on standard deviation?
Variance means to find the expected difference of deviation from actual value. Therefore, variance depends on the standard deviation of the given data set. The more the value of variance, the data is more scattered from its mean and if the value of variance is low or minimum, then it is less scattered from mean.
What is the symbol for variance in statistics?
Variance is denoted by symbols: σ 2, s 2, or Var(X). What is the formula to find variance? The formula to find the variance is given by: Var (X) = E[( X – μ) 2 ] Where Var (X) is the variance E denotes the expected value X is the random variable and μ is the mean
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662627464.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220526224902-20220527014902-00539.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2022-21
| 4,568 | 38 |
https://rss5.info/libro-sistemas-de-control-en-tiempo-discreto-ogata-34/
|
math
|
En este libro se aborda el análisis y diseño de sistemas de control en tiempo discreto. Se hace hincapié en la utilidad del programa MATLAB para el estudio de. LIBROS UNIVERISTARIOS Y Sistemas de Control en Tiempo Discreto – 2da Edicion – Katsuhiko Cargado. Katsuhiko Ogata Sistemas de Control en Tiempo Discreto PDF – Ebook download as PDF File .pdf) or libro de control digital para señales en tiempo discreto.
|Published (Last):||19 December 2007|
|PDF File Size:||11.29 Mb|
|ePub File Size:||4.69 Mb|
|Price:||Free* [*Free Regsitration Required]|
System Dynamics Ogata 4th Help. System Dynamics by Ogata. Ogata – Solutions to Problems of System Dynamics.
Ogata Solutions to Problems of System Dynamics ogata solutions. System Dynamics An Introduction. Multibody System Dynamics modelamiento de sistemas dinamicos multicuerpos. Mm System Dynamics Hw4 Solution. Solucionario Ogata Solucionario para Ogata Control.
Solucionario para Ogata Control. Vehicle dynamics and road dynamics are two separate subjects. In vehicle dynamics, road surface roughness is generally regarded as random excitation to the vehicle, while at the same time handling Problemas solucionados del libro: Since y s1 we obtain B Assume that the W y of known mmnt of i n e r t i a J through a small angle akrout the v e r t i c a l axis and then equation of motion far the oscillation is where k is the torsfanal spring constant oE the string.
The positive direction is downward. Sowe have Then frm which w e obtain The ball reaches the ground in 2, s. The total angle rotated in semnd period is obtained from B Assume t h a t we apply force F to t h e spring system. Since the sane force transmits t h e shaft, we have where displacement z is defined in the figure Below. The following t w a equations describe the nation of the system and they are a mathematical model of the system. Referring to the figure below, we have Note that since x is m a s u r d where T is the tension i n the wire.
So we obkain The natural frequency of the system is B Assume that the direction of the static friction force F is to S the left as shown in t h e diagram below.
Digital Power Control v3 – PDF Free Download
So we obtain From the figure shmm to the right, we obtain To keep the bar AB horizontal when prlling the weight n gt h e rnament a b u t p i n t P must balance.
Thus, Solving this equation f o r x, we obtain B Assume that the stiffness of the shafts of the gear nite, t h a t there is neither backTash nor elastic defamation, nt.
Ikf i n e respectively. For s h a f t 2we have where T2 is the torque transmitted to gear 2. The equivalent mament of inertia J of mass m referred to the motor m s h a f t axis ogaga be obtained frcm where oE is disfreto angular acceleration of the motor shaft and 5 is the linear acceleration of mass rn.
Zi s is given by The transfer function can given in t e r n of camplw impedances Z1 and Z 2 as follows: Then Define the voltage at point A as ek.
Define the cyclic current in the left loop as il and that in t h e r l g n t Loop as i2. Then t h e equations for the circuit are which can be rewritten as Using the force-voltage analogy, we can convert the last two equations as follows: From these equations an analogous mechanical system can be obtained as shuwn to the r i g h t. We s h a l l solve t h i s problem by using ttm different approaches: Frm Figure we obtain Using the e1ect;rical-liquid analogy given below, e q a t i d n s for an analogous electrical system can be obtained.
C capacitance R resistance Analogaus equations for the electrical system are Based on Equations 5 through 81, we obtain the analogous electrical system shuwn below, B The equations for the liquid-level. So the flaw throughout the lobro is subsonic.
Problemas de Ingeniera de Control utilizando Matlab – Katsuhiko Ogata
If two roots are real, then the current is not osci- Ilatory. Case 1 Two roots of the characteristic equation are complex conjugate: For this case’ define Then The inverse Laplace transform of I s gives The current i t approaches zero as t approaches infinity.
Case 2 Two rmts of the characteristic equation are r e a l: The equations of motion for the system are k x.
Since we obtain the respanse eoIt as follows: The equation for the pendulum system can be given by JJ We shall linearize this nonlinear ajvaiirn 4 erruning angle 9 is small. X s ] can be written as clurve e-lfit s i n 5.
Figurewe obtain the following equations: F i r s t note t h a t Then, define and use a step comnand. The resulting response curve eo t versus t is shown below.
R e m e BdU I Sec Note that Notice t h a t the response curve is a sum of two exponential curves and a step function of magnitude 5. The equations of motion for the system are which can be m i t t e n as I Since we are interested in the steady state behavior of the system, we can assume that all initial conditions are zero.
F m the d i a g m shown centrifuqal force gravitational force Solving for W B Since 5 is desired to be 0. If w n So the acceleration of the base is ptopartional. Define the displacement of spring k2 as y. RIPvibration amplitude X jW of ‘. Assuming ma11 angles Q1 and system rriay be obtained as fo Llm: Thus For constants A and B to be nonzero, ” ,determinant of t h e coefficients of Equations 3 and 4 must be equal t o zero, or This determinant equation determines the natural frequencies of the systemEquation 5.
Thus The first natural frequency is w l first W e and the second natural frequency is L3 second mode.
This means that both masses move the same munt in the same direction. This mode is depicted in Figure a below. This mode is depicted in Figure b shown b e l o w. Q Therefore, mupling exists between Equation 11 and Equation 2. To f i n d the natural frequencies f o r the system, assume the following harmonic motion: T3 sinWt Then, frm Equations [I and 2 we obtain For amp1itudes A and 3 to be nonzero, the determinant of the coefficients of Equations 13 and 4 must be equal to zero, or Thfs determinant equation determines t h e n a t u r a l frequencies of the system.
Equation 5 can ke rewritten as which can be simplified to Notice that this last: Notice that the ratio of the displacements of springs k and k are 1 2 ‘Ihe f i r s t mcde of vibration is sham in Figure a on next page.
The system shown in? Also, that satisfies Equations 7 – 3 8 and bcmes as follows: Figlures i3 and l u s r i m on next page d e p l c t the first mode of vibration and second mode of vibration, respectively.
The equations of motion for the system are Substituting the given numerical mlues into these two equations and simplifying, we have To find the natural frequencies of the free vibration, assume that the motion is harmonic, or Then.
Frun Equations 3 and 4! Next, we s h a U obtain the vibrations x t and y t subjected to the given initial conditions. To obtain the responses x t and y t to the given initial conditions, as follows: The resulting plots x t 1 versus t and y t versus t are shown on next page. All necessary derivations of quatians for the system are given in Problem A For the initial condition. The resulting p l o t s are shown zistemas Figure b below.
S,”x t ‘ text 3 -5, Let us define d i s p l a m n t s e, xand y as shown in the figure Fur relatively small angle 8 we can construct a block diagram as s h m below. Also, from the system diagram we see t h a t fox each m L l Mlue of yt h e r e is a corresponding value of angle dm Therefore, for each angle e of the control lever, there is a mrresponding steady-state elevator angle 8.
SOLUCIONARIOS DE LIBROS DE INGENIERÍA
We B If the engine spsed increases, the sleeve of the fly-ball -mar moves upward. This movement acts as the input to the hydraulic tontroller. A positive error signal upward motion of the sleeve causes the power p i s disfreto a to move dawnward, reduces the fuel mlve apeningc and decreases the engine Referring to Figure a shorn below, a block diagram for t h e system speed.
For the first-order system the sisteemas response isstemas is an q n e n t i a l 50 duscreto the constant T can k determined from such an exponential m ily. For a second-order system: A typical response c u mwhen this thermwneter is p l a d timpo a bath held at a constant temperature, is shown below. The closed-loop transfer function of the system is For the unit-step input, w e have B So we have or Iherefore, disrceto To make the system s t a b l eit is necessary to reduce the gain o f the system or add an appropriate -nsator.
The characteristic equation is The Routh array for this equation is 3 5 6 R For the systm to be stable, there should be no sign changes in the first column. Since the system is of higher order 5th orderit is easier to contrl the range of gain K f o r stability by first plotting the r m t laci and then finding critical p i n t s for stability on the soot loci.
The resulting root-locus plat is s h m also on n page. Based on this plot, it can. Pill critical points for stability lie on the j axis. The gain values at these crossing p i n t s are obtainel a s follows: Hence, we first f i n d the crossing frquency and then find the m r r e s p d i n g gain m l u e.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703550617.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20210124173052-20210124203052-00459.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2021-04
| 9,210 | 36 |
https://en-academic.com/dic.nsf/enwiki/104277
|
math
|
- Burnside's problem
The Burnside problem, posed by
William Burnsidein 1902 and one of the oldest and most influential questions in group theory, asks whether a finitely generated group in which every element has finite order must necessarily be a finite group. In plain words, if by looking at individual elements of a group we suspect that the whole group is finite, must it indeed be true? The problem has many variants (see Bounded and Restricted below) that differ in the additional conditions imposed on the orders of the group elements.
Initial work pointed towards the affirmative answer. For example, if a group "G" is generated by "m" elements and the order of each element of "G" is a divisor of 4, then "G" is finite. Moreover,
A. I. Kostrikin(for the case of a prime exponent) and Efim Zelmanov(in general) proved that, among the finite groups with given number of generators and exponent, there exists a largest one.
Nevertheless, the general answer to Burnside's problem turned out to be negative. In 1964, Golod and Shafarevich constructed an infinite group of Burnside type without assuming that all elements have uniformly bounded order. In 1968,
P. S. Novikovand S. I. Adian's supplied a negative solution to the bounded exponent problem for all odd exponents larger than 4381. In 1982, A. Yu. Ol'shanskiifound some striking counterexamples for sufficiently large odd exponents (greater than 1010), and supplied a considerably simpler proof based on geometric ideas.
The case of even exponents turned out to be much harder to settle. In 1992 S.V. Ivanov announced the negative solution for sufficiently large even exponents divisible by a large power of 2 (detailed proofs were published in 1994 and occupied some 300 pages). Later joint work of Ol'shanskii and Ivanov established negative solution for an analogue of Burnside's problem for
hyperbolic groups, provided the exponent is sufficiently large. By contrast, very little is known when exponents are small, exponents 2,3,4 and 6 excepted.
General Burnside problem
A group "G" is called periodic if every element has finite order; in other words, for each "g" in "G", there exists some positive integer "n" such that "g""n" = 1. Clearly, every finite group is periodic. There exist easily defined groups such as the "p"∞-group which are infinite periodic groups; but the latter group cannot be finitely generated.
The general Burnside problem can be posed as follows:
: If "G" is a periodic group, and "G" is finitely generated, then is "G" necessarily a finite group?
This question was answered in the negative in 1964 by
E.S. Golodand I.R. Shafarevich, who gave an example of an infinite "p"-group which is finitely generated (see Golod-Shafarevich theorem). However, the orders of the elements of this group are not a priori bounded by a single constant.
Bounded Burnside problem
Part of the difficulty with the general Burnside problem is that the requirements of being finitely generated and periodic give very little information about the possible structure of a group. Consider a periodic group "G" with the additional property that there exists a single integer "n" such that for all "g" in "G", "g""n" = 1. A group with this property is said to be "periodic with bounded exponent" "n", or just a "group with exponent" "n". Burnside problem for groups with bounded exponent asks:
: If "G" is a finitely generated group with exponent "n", is "G" necessarily finite?
It turns out that this problem can be restated as a question about the finiteness of groups in a particular family. The free Burnside group B("m", "n") of rank "m" and exponent "n", denoted B("m", "n"), is a group with "m" distinguished generators "x"1,…,"x""m" in which the identity "x""n" = 1 holds for all elements "x", and which is the "largest" group satisfying these requirements. More precisely, the characteristic property of B("m", "n") is that, given any group "G" with "m" generators "g"1,…,"g""m" and of exponent "n", there is a unique homomorphism from B("m", "n") to "G" that maps the "i"th generator "x""i" of B("m", "n") into the "i"th generator "g""i" of "G". In the language of group presentations, free Burnside group B("m", "n") has "m" generators "x"1,…,"x""m" and the relations "x""n" = 1 for each word "x" in "x"1,…,"x""m", and any group "G" with "m" generators of exponent "n" is obtained from it by imposing additional relations. The existence of the free Burnside group and its uniqueness up to an isomorphism are established by standard techniques of group theory. Thus if "G" is any finitely generated group of exponent "n", then "G" a homomorphic image of B("m", "n"), where "m" is the number of generators of "G". Burnside's problem can now be restated as follows:
: For which positive integers "m", "n" is the free Burnside group B("m","n") finite?
The full solution to Burnside's problem in this form is not known. Burnside considered some easy cases in his original paper:
*For "m" = 1 and any positive "n", B(1, "n") is the
cyclic groupof order "n".
*B("m", 2) is the direct product of "m" copies of the cyclic group of order 2. The key step is to observe that the identities "a"2 = "b"2 = ("ab")2 = 1 together imply that "ab" = "ba", so that a free Burnside group of exponent two is necessarily abelian.
The following additional results are known (Burnside, Sanov, M. Hall):
*B("m",3), B("m",4), and B("m",6) are finite for all "m".
The particular case of B(2, 5) remains open: as of 2005, it is not known whether this group is finite.
The breakthrough in Burnside's problem was achieved by
P.S. Novikovand S.I. Adianin 1968.Using a complicated combinatorial argument, they demonstrated that for every odd number "n" with "n" > 4381, there exist infinite, finitely generated groups of exponent "n". Adian later improved the bound on the odd exponent to 665. [John Britton proposed a nearly 300 page alternative proof to the Burnside problem in 1973; however, Adian ultimately pointed out a flaw in that proof.] The case of even exponent turned out to be considerably more difficult. It was only in 1992 that S.V. Ivanov was able to prove an analogue of Novikov–Adian theorem: for any "m" > 1 and an even "n" ≥ 248, "n" divisible by 29, the group B("m", "n") is infinite. Both Novikov–Adian and Ivanov established considerably more precise results on the structure of the free Burnside groups. In the case of the odd exponent, all finite subgroups of the free Burnside groups were shown to be cyclic groups. In the even exponent case, each finite subgroup is contained in a product of two dihedral groups, and there exist non-cyclic finite subgroups. Moreover, the word and conjugacy problems were shown to be effectively solvable in B("m", "n") both for the cases of odd and even exponents "n".
A famous class of counterexamples to Burnside's problem is formed by finitely generated non-cyclic infinite groups in which every nontrivial proper subgroup is a finite
cyclic group, the so-called Tarski Monsters. First examples of such groups were constructed by A.Yu. Ol'shanskiiin 1979 using geometric methods, thus affirmatively solving O.Yu.Schmidt's problem. In 1982 Ol'shanskii was able to strengthen his results to establish existence, for any sufficiently large prime number"p" (one can take "p" > 1075) of a finitely generated infinite group in which every nontrivial proper subgroup is a cyclic groupof order "p". In a paper published in 1996, Ivanov and Ol'shanskii solved an analogue of Burnside's problem in an arbitrary hyperbolic groupfor sufficiently large exponents.
Restricted Burnside problem
The restricted Burnside problem (formulated in the 1930s) asks another related question:
: If it is known that a group "G" with "m" generators and exponent "n" is finite, can one conclude that the order of "G" is bounded by some constant depending only on "m" and "n"? Equivalently, are there only finitely many "finite" groups with "m" generators of exponent "n", up to isomorphism?
This variant of the Burnside problem can also be stated in terms of certain universal groups with "m" generators and exponent "n". By basic results of group theory, the intersection of two subgroups of finite index in any group is itself a subgroup of finite index. Let "M" be the intersection of all subgroups of the free Burnside group B("m", "n") which have finite index, then "M" is a normal subgroup of B("m", "n") (otherwise, there exists a subgroup "g" -1"Mg" with finite index containing elements not in "M"). One can therefore define a group B0("m","n") to be the factor group B("m","n")/"M". Every finite group of exponent "n" with "m" generators is a homomorphic image of B0("m","n").The restricted Burnside problem then asks whether B0("m","n") is a finite group.
In the case of the prime exponent "p", this problem was extensively studied by
A.I. Kostrikinin the 1950s (before negative solution of the general Burnside problem). His solution, establishing the finiteness of B0("m","p"), used a relation with deep questions about identities in Lie algebras in finite characteristic. The case of arbitrary exponent has been completely settled in the affirmative by Efim Zelmanov, who was awarded the Fields Medalin 1994 for his work.
S.I. Adian(1979) "The Burnside problem and identities in groups". Translated from the Russian by John Lennox and James Wiegold. Ergebnisse der Mathematik und ihrer Grenzgebiete[Results in Mathematics and Related Areas] , 95. Springer-Verlag, Berlin-New York. ISBN 3-540-08728-1
* S.V. Ivanov (1994) "The free Burnside groups of sufficiently large exponents," "Internat. J. Algebra Comput. 4".
* S.V. Ivanov, A.Yu. Ol'shanskii (1996) " [http://www.ams.org/tran/1996-348-06/S0002-9947-96-01510-3/home.html Hyperbolic groups and their quotients of bounded exponents,] " "Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 348": 2091-2138.
* A.I. Kostrikin (1990) "Around Burnside". Translated from the Russian and with a preface by James Wiegold. "Ergebnisse der Mathematik und ihrer Grenzgebiete" (3) [Results in Mathematics and Related Areas (3)] , 20. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. ISBN 3-540-50602-0.
* A.Yu. Ol'shanskii (1989) "Geometry of defining relations in groups". Translated from the 1989 Russian original by Yu. A. Bakhturin (1991) "Mathematics and its Applications" (Soviet Series), 70. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group. ISBN 0-7923-1394-1.
* E. Zelmanov (1990) "Solution of the restricted Burnside problem for groups of odd exponent". (Russian) "Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser. Mat. 54", no. 1: 42-59, 221; translation in "Math. USSR-Izv. 36" (1991), no. 1: 41-60.
* E. Zelmanov (1991) "Solution of the restricted Burnside problem for 2-groups". (Russian) "Mat. Sb. 182", no. 4: 568-592. Translation in "Math. USSR-Sb. 72" (1992), no. 2, 543-565.
* [http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/HistTopics/Burnside_problem.html History of the Burnside Problem] at
MacTutor History of Mathematics archive
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178378043.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20210307170119-20210307200119-00340.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2021-10
| 10,949 | 47 |
https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/AD0730159
|
math
|
A Computational Comparison of Gradient Minimization Algorithms.
AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OHIO SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
Pagination or Media Count:
A technique was developed for the comparison of gradient minimization routines in solving the unconstrained optimization problem. The problem of locating the local minimum of a given real-valued, non-negative, differentiable function was used in this study to compare three gradient algorithms, namely Davidons variance algorithm, the Fletcher-Reeves algorithm, and the Fletcher-Powell algorithm. A cost criterion and an average convergence rate were devised to facilitate the comparisons of these algorithms. Davidons variance algorithm, a rank-one method, was judged to be the best routine for over fifty-three percent of the total cases tested. The comparisons are graphically presented in an appendix. Author
- Theoretical Mathematics
- Operations Research
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178351134.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20210225124124-20210225154124-00205.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2021-10
| 922 | 6 |
https://gisgeography.com/polar-orbit-sun-synchronous-orbit/
|
math
|
Polar Orbit vs Sun Synchronous Orbit
In general, there are two groups of satellites. First, some satellites orbit the equator. Secondly, other satellites orbit over or near the polar regions.
Polar orbits have specific characteristics that make them useful for various applications, particularly for Earth observation and scientific research.
But what are those benefits? In this article, we’ll explore polar orbits vs sun-synchronous orbits.
Why do some satellites have a polar orbit?
Almost all the satellites that are in a polar orbit are at lower altitudes. This is because we use them for applications such as monitoring crops, forests, and even global security.
A polar orbit travels north-south over the poles and takes approximately an hour and a half for a full rotation. As the satellite is in orbit, the Earth is rotating beneath it. As a result, a satellite can observe the entire Earth’s surface (off-nadir) in a time span of 24 hours.
Higher altitude satellites orbit more slowly because the circumference of the circular orbit is larger. Also, the pull of gravity is weaker at higher altitudes.
When a satellite has a sun-synchronous orbit, it means that it has a constant sun illumination through inclination and altitude. For sun-synchronous orbits, it passes over any given point on Earth’s surface at the same local solar time.
Because of the consistent lighting in sun-synchronous orbits, scientists leverage this in various remote sensing applications.
How are polar orbits different from geostationary orbits?
Geostationary satellites are launched into orbit in the same direction the Earth is spinning. When the satellite is in orbit at a specific altitude, it will exactly match the rotation of the Earth. This sweet spot is approximately 36,000 km above the Earth’s surface in high Earth orbit.
Weather, communication, and global positioning satellites are often in a geostationary orbit. Because the satellite follows the Earth’s rotation always at the same point, an observer on Earth would be able to continuously “see” it.
In the case of geostationary satellites, the Earth’s force of gravity is exactly enough to provide the acceleration required for circular motion.
While geosynchronous satellites can have any inclination, the key difference from geostationary orbit is the fact that they lie on the same plane as the equator.
Geostationary orbits fall in the same category as geosynchronous orbits but with that one special quality of being parked over the equator.
How do satellites orbit Earth?
While polar orbits have an inclination of about 90 degrees to the equator, geostationary orbits match the rotation of the Earth.
A sun-synchronous orbit passes by any given point with the same local solar time, which is useful for consistent lighting and sun angle.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679511159.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20231211112008-20231211142008-00525.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
| 2,812 | 19 |
https://www.hunker.com/13417839/how-to-calculate-soffit-requirements-for-a-home
|
math
|
To fully protect a building the roof must overhang the edges of the walls, resulting in a roughly triangular gap between the roof and the wall. This section of the roof is called the eaves. To prevent excessive air flow through the gap, builders fit horizontal boards, called soffit boards, to seal the gap and prevent the weather, or animals from entering the roof space. Soffits usually run all the way around the building.
Stand at one corner of the building, under a section of roof that has, or needs, soffit boards. There is no particular "best" place to start, so choose a convenient point.
Attach one end of the tape measure to the ground, using a tent pin. Ensure that the tape aligns with the end of the wall.
Walk to the opposite end of the wall, feeding out the tape measure as you go. Record the length of the wall. Write down the length; don't try to remember it.
Repeat steps 2 and 3 for each wall that requires soffit boards.
Combine the lengths of all the walls to obtain the total eaves length. For example, if the wall measurements are 25 feet, 30 feet, 25 feet and 30 feet, the total length is 110 feet.
Measure the width of the eaves gap if it isn't possible to fill it with a standard width board attached parallel to the wall. Multiply the total length by the width to obtain the area of soffit needed to fill the gap. For example, if the total eaves length is 110 feet, and the width is 2 feet, multiply 110 by 2. The result, 220 in this example, is the number of square feet of soffit required.
Add 10 percent extra to the calculated length to allow for mistakes, cutting errors and damage caused during installation. For example, if the total is 110 feet, add an additional 11 feet to the total to obtain the length of soffit to purchase. In this example the total length becomes 121 feet (110 + 11 = 121). If you're working by area, the total becomes 242 square feet (220 + 22 = 242).
Divide the total length of the eaves, including the 10 percent extra, by the length of the soffit strips you intend to use, if you're using a single strip all around the building. Round the answer up to the next whole number -- you can't buy just part of a strip -- to establish the number of soffit strips required. For example, if the soffit comes in the common 12-foot strips, divide the total length by 12, and then round up to the next full strip. To conclude the example, 121 feet divided by 12 equals 10.08. Ten strips would be slightly too short, so round it up to 11 strips.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875141430.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20200216211424-20200217001424-00439.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2020-10
| 2,495 | 9 |
https://www.sciencegate.app/document/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.127404
|
math
|
Experimental spatial dynamics modeling involves using scanning lasers to sample surface shape and dynamic response of structures in order to verify structural dynamics design intent. Formation of accurate spatial models from laser-based measurements requires that laser position and orientation be registered relative to a fixed coordinate system. A three point direct registration procedure is defined for shape modeling using laser range and mirror deflection angles. Surface velocity measurements with a portable laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) also require registration, but range information is unavailable. A multiple point indirect registration algorithm for the LDV is described that involves minimizing three nonlinear equations.
A simulated laser rangefinder (LRF) was developed for demonstrating three point direct registration. The 3-D geometry of a compressor housing was modeled by combining range data from multiple laser positions. The multiple point indirect registration was applied to 3-D velocity response field reconstruction of a composite plate from velocity measurements scanned at three separate positions.
AbstractStrain-rate and surface velocity measurements were made on a valley glacier. The measured strain-rates were used to calculate the stress condition and velocity distribution in the glacier. The measured velocity is in reasonable agreement with that calculated from Nye’s plasticity solution.
AbstractOver 75 000 surface-velocity measurements are extracted from sequential satellite imagery of Ice Streams D and E to reveal a complex pattern of flow not apparent from previous measurements. Horizontal and vertical strain rates, calculated from surface velocity, indicate that the bed experiences larger basal shear where the surface of these ice streams is rougher. Ten airborne-radar profiles and one surface-based radar profile of ice thickness make possible the calculation of mass balance for longitudinal sections of each ice stream. Improved data-collection methods increase data density, substantially reducing random errors in velocity. However, systematic errors continue to limit the ability of the flux-differencing technique used here to resolve local variations in mass balance. Nevertheless, significant local variations in mass balance are revealed, while, overall, Ice Streams D and E are in approximate equilibrium. An earlier estimate of the net mass balance for Ice Stream D is improved.
In a layered elastic material, density, shear velocity, and compressional velocity can be found at any depth from broadband surface measurements at two distinct, nonzero, precritical values of plane‐wave incidence angle. Layer‐stripping inversion uses three‐component surface velocity measurements generated by a polarized surface source to determine subsurface properties incrementally. The surface velocity measurements initialize a first‐order, nonlinear, matrix Riccati equation (derived from the elastic wave equation) which takes advantage of an attractive fixed‐point condition in the complex frequency plane to extract subsurface mechanical impedances. Subsurface density and velocities are recovered from the inverted impedances at two or more plane‐wave incidence angles. General properties of the matrix Riccati equation in the complex frequency plane aid in incorporating bandwidth constraints. Inversion of synthetic plane wave data from a piece‐wise continuous model illustrates inversion effects when only a finite bandwidth is available and when different compressional and shear wavelength distance scales are present.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662543264.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20220522001016-20220522031016-00299.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2022-21
| 3,596 | 5 |
http://www-iri.upc.es/people/thomas/Collection/details/19334.html
|
math
|
In many important areas of scientific computing, polynomials in one or more variables are employed in the mathematical modeling of real-life phenomena; yet most of classical computer algebra assumes exact rational data. This book is the first comprehensive treatment of the emerging area of numerical polynomial algebra, an area that falls between classical numerical analysis and classical computer algebra but, surprisingly, has received little attention so far. The author introduces a conceptual framework that permits the meaningful solution of various algebraic problems with multivariate polynomial equations whose coefficients have some indeterminacy; for this purpose, he combines approaches of both numerical linear algebra and commutative algebra. For the application scientist, Numerical Polynomial Algebra provides both a survey of polynomial problems in scientific computing that may be solved numerically and a guide to their numerical treatment. In addition, the book provides both introductory sections and novel extensions of numerical analysis and computer algebra, making it accessible to the reader with expertise in either one of these areas. Graduate students or academic and industrial research scientists in numerical analysis and computer algebra can use Numerical Polynomial Algebra as a textbook or reference book. The book is clearly written and standard numerical linear algebra notation is used consistently throughout. Principles and their application are explained through numerical examples and exercises avoiding excessive technical detail. Numerous open-ended problems invite further investigation and research.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104597905.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220705174927-20220705204927-00122.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2022-27
| 1,647 | 1 |
https://www.sarthaks.com/254892/two-equilateral-prisms-are-arranged-shown-diagram-statement-white-light-incident-prism
|
math
|
Two equilateral prisms are arranged as shown in diagram.
Statement 1: lf white light incident on prism X then the ray of light which emerges out of the prism Y will be white light.
Statement 2 : The refraction produced by the prism Y is equal and opposite to that produced by prism X.
(A) Both statements 1 and 2 are true and statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement 1.
(B) Both statements 1 and 2 are true but statement 2 is not the correct explanation of statement 1.
(C) Statement 1 is true but statement 2 is false.
(D) Statement 1 is false but statement 2 is true.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296945440.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20230326075911-20230326105911-00184.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2023-14
| 580 | 7 |
http://www.caldaie-scaldabagni.it/v/TbNymweHW4E/is_math_a_feature_of_the_universe_or_a_feature_of_human_creation_idea_channel_pbs.html
|
math
|
Caldaie e Scaldabagni
Guarda il video su youtube
3 minuti 56 secondi
riscaldamento apparecchi materiali
caldaie mobili uso industriale
If I say math ...
If I say math doesn't exist to my math teacher, does that mean I can get out of tests?
Even science on ...
Even science on some level requires faith. Not only faith that our observations are real but also faith in the postulates that form the foundation for higher scientific thought.
stop with the memes ...
stop with the memes its not 2010
Math is just a ...
Math is just a language. Asking "is math real" is like asking "is spanish real"
My take as an anti- ...
My take as an anti-realist: For me, math is seemingly created. We invented math as a way for us to be more concise about measurements, designs, ratios, and so forth. Mathematics does not happen naturally in tje universe, and unlike biochemistry, biology, and any life science, we cannot see it happen without our intervention. I do, however, love math now, and I consider it one of the sole best inventions, ever.
Mathematics is part ...
Mathematics is part of universe, even though you cant see it or smell it. Anything that takes up space in the universe has a definite value. Simply by existing it has an intrinsic value.
If math only exists ...
If math only exists inside our brain, why do we DISCOVER it? We can't discover something if we knew it all along...or is that a stupid question?
Philip J. Fry
*holds brain* ;-;
*holds brain* ;-;
Math is a law bound ...
Math is a law bound by this universe. Math is a reality!! Men binds this universe
Well the fact is ...
Well the fact is that although maths is a very good tool to describe and predict the universe, it is only an approximation.
I think the anti- ...
I think the anti-realistic way is more consistent. I think we can see that we sort of "create" geometry, for example. The natural geometry for us is obviously an Euclidean Geometry, but as physicists saw that it doesn't really apply to our world, then they had to search for another kind of “non natural” geometry that they call Riemannian Geometry which, as far as I know, is more appropriate to describe relativistic phenomena. So maybe, if we find out some phenomena where it's better to think that 1+2 doesn't equal to 3, someone would end up by developing new concepts to “create” a new mathematic where 1+2 differs from 3.
You have overlooked ...
You have overlooked one crucial thing. Science is faith as well, People used to think that the earth is the center of the universe. Most people had faith in it thus it was science. We all think that the Sun is the center now but that may not really be the case. Science may also be a creation of the human mind. In fact, if you think about it, nothing can be really said to be of the universe
I think it does ...
I think it does exist. If there was water, there was 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom, 1 molecule made by 2+1=3 atoms.
Math exists exactly ...
Math exists exactly as what it is; the universe exists as exactly what it is; the universe is complex physical math equations (the interactions of quantity, geometry); math can only exist first with physicality, and since the universe exists, and potentially will always exist, I suppose there is a realm of forms like perfect abstract essence of math which is timeless and beyond the manifestations of substance at any given time; When the first man said; let 1 = 1 and 0 = 0; and 2 = 1 + 1; before that man thought or said of anything else, it was already true that 1 + 1 + 1 = 3; and so it seems as if the self consistency of math follows from the simplest axioms, which may be timeless, and 'exist' even if they dont exist, perhaps in a sense of the realm of potential; How in ways 'tommorow' exists today, or its knowledge can effect now;....maybe
Math, to me, Is an ...
Math, to me, Is an accurate description of the universe, as we know it. And just like any scientific theory, Something new could possibley come by and rock that boat. However, the very same theories are what we have built our entires lives off of, And have yet to fail. That should be good enough for us XD . So what I think is yes , in a sense, Math is a creation of brains, seperated from physical existence. However, this creation's most basic requirments are that of reality. Math is always constantly and by many people Compared to the physical world. Therefore the minute math is not true, We simply make more math. I also think that its unfair to even be worried that math is not true. I have been taking a Discrete Structures course, and have chosen to believe all of the predicates and propositional logic it has brought. There is a chance I will have chosen wrong, just as with all other things
I believe it falls ...
I believe it falls onto the math realists to explain whether or not that math exists. *They* are the one making a claim that math exists, so *they* have to prove it. (I'm hoping you notice that this is an analogy of another hot topic...)
An important ( ...
An important (philosophical) question... My worry: Fictional or real, it is a fact that logic (math) is compatible with the functions in the universe to an immense range of scales that surpass human experience (hence, I believe, evolution is not enough to give a satisfactory answer given that this knowledge became available a few hundred years ago - give or take). An this range is reasonable to expect that will become much wider in the next few hundred years. So, what is the relation of the human brain function to the function of physical phenomena that are describable in terms of math (and many of them lie beyond the everyday experience)? Is Math a Feature of the Universe or a Feature of Human Creation? | Idea Channel | PBS
Wait, are we sure ...
Wait, are we sure we can see "physics"? We can see objects (kinda) and we describe those objects with equations and principles of physics, but we can't see Newton's first law. We can see objects (kinda) that obey the first law, but we can't see the first law. We can see objects that obey mathematical correlations too so I guess I don't see the difference clearly.
We Are Showboat
I've always thought ...
I've always thought that mathematics where just creations of the human brain. Mathematics is basically just the study and advancement of methods that can help answer human questions and solve human problems in an effective manner, or thats what I've always considered math to be...
Great Video from ...
Great Video from PBS Idea Channel on whether or not math actually exist.
Brandy A. Hyatt
I think that math ...
I think that math concepts exist in the universe. However, we did create a language of mathematical symbols and equations because that is the only way we can understand it.
The problems exist ...
The problems exist in the universe, the math exists in the brain.
Maths is more of a ...
Maths is more of a tool than a language IMO. The most powerful tool humanity ever or more probably could ever make if I may add.
I wasn't mad you ...
I wasn't mad you said my mother was a hamster, but for GOD's SAKE why did you have to say my father smells of elder berries? He has a condition, Matt, not cool. Yeah, I'd say that math exists and yet doesn't exist. Essentially, math is a construct, an invention, one of(if not the) the greatest inventions of humanity. Yet, the concepts that mathematics deals with, and extrapolates on, exist. Math does not exist. It is the invented perception of humanity, through this perception we can conceive and perceive things we could only theorize on previously. Math in essence is a perception. A way in which we take the nearly (if not) infinite and omnipresent signals of the Cosmos, and translate that to something tangible, relatable, "real", or even manipulatable. Just like a sensory organ, and your central nervous system.
gas domestico bombole a torino Torino
caldaie scaldabagni vendita installazione a torino Torino
caminetti barbecue vendita a torino Torino
condizionatori climatizzazione a torino Torino
legna ardere carbone vendita a torino Torino
pulizia caldaie camini canne fumarie a torino Torino
riscaldamento combustibili a torino Torino
gas metano gpl bombole serbatoi a torino Torino
pannelli solari risparmio energetico a torino Torino
idraulici a torino Torino
intimo moda mare a torino
erboristeria prodotti a torino
esportatori importatori a torino
espositori display pubblicita punto vendita a torino
essenze aromi alimenti a torino
essenze fragranze profumeria a torino
estintori produttori grossisti a torino
etichettatura marcatura macchine sistemi a torino
etichette tessute stampate a torino
facchinaggio carico scarico merci a torino
Visiant Contact s.r.l.
per creare la tua
, la tua
e il tuo
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-22/segments/1432207929171.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20150521113209-00305-ip-10-180-206-219.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2015-22
| 8,745 | 80 |
https://www.mysciencework.com/publication/show/0f2c31d98a49e5c27d989701793f2b84
|
math
|
If the energy was not always there as time, then nothing would exist to ask how everything came into existence. With this in mind, timeless energy and cause of action is explained outside the realm of time where light speed is infinite (standing) relative to time. Magnetic field waves are light and gravity forces on the electric field and are curved from mass in general relativity. Gravity forces at the antinodes in the magnetic field effect mass energy in the electric field at constant light speed. Electromagnetic waves are infinite from open-ended standing wave energy moving toward the static equilibrium.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886106996.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20170820223702-20170821003702-00584.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2017-34
| 614 | 1 |
https://www.tradingview.com/chart/GER30/a1wapZR3-Bearish-continuation/
|
math
|
FX:GER30 DAX index of German listed shares
DAX had tested the 9400 and closed above could start forming the Right shoulder.
Actually, looking at a higher TF this whole part you call "head" seems as a right shoulder to me, with the head to the left. There is no left shoulder, but it is not needed for "the rule of failed swing" to be valid. Everything depends on the next close, and if we close below 9300 the following downside movement will be of the same size as the "head" to the left, measured from 9300.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128320077.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20170623170148-20170623190148-00185.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2017-26
| 509 | 3 |
https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/simplifying-an-algebraic-fraction-with-factors.617429/
|
math
|
1. The problem statement, all variables and given/known data Simplify the following expression: x3(1-x2) / x(x-1) 2. Relevant equations 3. The attempt at a solution I know that the top can be factored to x3(1-x)(1+x) to give x3(1-x)(1+x) / x(x-1) . However, after this step I seem to just go round in circles. I got an answer of 2 on one occasion but I do not believe this is correct. Help would be appreciated.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-39/segments/1537267160842.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20180924224739-20180925005139-00355.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2018-39
| 411 | 1 |
https://www.semanticscholar.org/author/Yakov-Babichenko/2830102
|
math
|
We study computational questions in a game-theoretic model that, in particular, aims to capture advertising/persuasion applications such as viral marketing. Specifically, we consider a multi-agent Bayesian persuasion model where an informed sender (marketer) tries to persuade a group of agents (consumers) to adopt a certain product. The quality of the… (More)
We study the query complexity of approximate notions of Nash equilibrium in games with a large number of players <i>n</i> and a constant number of actions <i>m</i>. Our main result states that even for constant <i>ε</i>, the query complexity of an <i>ε</i>-well-supported Nash equilibrium is exponential in <i>n</i>.
Completely uncoupled dynamic is a repited play of a game, when in every given time the action of every player depends only on his own payo¤s in the past. In this paper we try to formulate the minimal set of necessary conditions that guarantee a convergence to a Nash equilibrium in completely uncoupled model. The main results are: 1. The convergence to a… (More)
We study lower bounds on the query complexity of determining correlated equilibrium. In particular, we consider a query model in which an <i>n</i>-player game is specified via a black box that returns players' utilities at pure action profiles. In this model, we establish that in order to compute a correlated equilibrium, any <i>deterministic</i> algorithm… (More)
We prove that in every normal form <i>n</i>-player game with <i>m</i> actions for each player, there exists an approximate Nash equilibrium in which each player randomizes uniformly among a set of <i>O</i>(log <i>m</i> + log <i>n</i>) pure actions. This result induces an <i>O</i>(<i>N</i> <sup>log log <i>N</i></sup>)-time algorithm for computing an… (More)
We conjecture that <b>PPAD</b> has a PCP-like complete problem, seeking a near equilibrium in which all but very few players have very little incentive to deviate. We show that, if one assumes that this problem requires exponential time, several open problems in this area are settled. The most important implication, proved via a "birthday repetition"… (More)
We study the problem of reaching a pure Nash equilibrium in multi-person games that are repeatedly played, under the assumption of uncoupledness: EVERY player knows only his own payoff function. We consider strategies that can be implemented by finite-state automata, and characterize the minimal number of states needed in order to guarantee that a pure Nash… (More)
We show that in an n-player m-action strategic form game, we can obtain an approximate equilibrium by sampling any mixed-action equilibrium a small number of times. We study three notions of equilibrium: Nash, correlated and coarse correlated. For each one of them we obtain upper and lower bounds on the asymptotic (where max(m, n) → ∞) worst-case number of… (More)
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917121305.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031201-00626-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2017-17
| 2,885 | 8 |
https://indico.nucleares.unam.mx/event/1541/session/8/contribution/47
|
math
|
Meson and glueball spectroscopy within the graviton soft wall model.
The graviton soft wall model (GSW) provides a unified description of the scalar glueball and meson spectra with a unique energy scale. We use this model to calculate the masses of the odd and even ground states of glueballs for various spins. In addition, the spectra of the $\rho$, $a_1$,$\eta$ and $\pi$ mesons will be addressed. Results are in excellent agreement with current experimental data, an achievement obtained without any additional parameters.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320305141.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20220127042833-20220127072833-00358.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2022-05
| 526 | 2 |
https://www.chessvariants.org/shape.dir/zigzagx.html
|
math
|
Zigzag X-Chess is a variant of 64 squares arranged in the shape above with the same pieces as orthodox chess and movement is the same except here pawns along with the orthodox taking of pieces one square diagonally can move either one or two squares forward at any time. Moving pawns two squares forward with each move allows them to reach the opponent's side in four moves. Moving two squares at a time with pawns also frees up to some extent potential blocking that crossing movement between all pawns can have. Bishops along with Knights are free to move on the first move.
Written by Robert Bell.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644571.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20230528214404-20230529004404-00202.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2023-23
| 600 | 2 |
http://placementadda.com/placement-papers/all-papers/?p=5570
|
math
|
IBM 2013 latest aptitude placement papers | IBM technical questions 2013 | IBM Recruitment paper 2013
Directions for Questions 1-4: In each questions below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.
Give answer (A) if only conclusion I follows; (B) if only conclusion II follows; (C) if either I or II follows;
(D) if neither I nor II follows and (E) if both I and II follow.
1.Statements: All students in my class are intelligent
Rohit is not intelligent
Conclusions:I. Rohit is not a student of my class
II. Rohit must work hard.
2.Statements: Some men are educated
Educated persons prefer small families
Conclusions: I. All small families are educated
II.Some men prefer small families
3.Statements: All lamps are hooks
No hook is coloured
Conclusions: I. Some lamps are coloured
II. No lamp is coloured
4.Statements: All plants are trees
No tree is green
Conclusions: I. Some plants green
II.Those plants which are not trees are green
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-09/segments/1487501173866.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170219104613-00625-ip-10-171-10-108.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2017-09
| 1,234 | 20 |
https://www.bobtait.com.au/forum/aerodynamics/1053-effect-of-weight-maintaining-altitude
|
math
|
Welcome to the CPL Aerodynamics question and answer forum. Please feel free to post your questions but more importantly also suggest answers for your forum colleagues. Bob himself or one of the other tutors will get to your question as soon as we can.
Effect of Weight - maintaining altitude
brentonrule created the topic: Effect of Weight - maintaining altitude
Hi Bob, I am on page 7.11 of your study text and Question 10 says for an a/c at a particular GW to maintain level flight at a particular height and IAS, a particular power setting is required - (all good so far). The goes on to ask if GW is increased what happens?
a) larger angle of attack and more power
b) larger angle no power change
c) same angle more power
d) smaller angle more power
My answer would be (c) but your answer is (a)
Page 7.5 talks about the best L/D ratio angle of attack as being the same for all a/c no matter what weight. The only change is speed/thrust/power.
bobtait replied the topic: Re: Effect of Weight - maintaining altitude
It is true that if you want to fly at the best lift/drag ratio [i.e. maximum range], you must fly at a particular angle of attack. Therefore if weight is increased, you must fly faster to get the extra lift at the same angle of attack.
However this question is not talking about flying for maximum range. It says you intend to fly at the same speed and the same height. Therefore if weight is increased, you must generate more lift. To generate more lift at the same speed you must have a bigger angle of attack [no longer the best lift/drag ratio]. The bigger angle of attack will provide the extra lift required, but it will also increase the drag. If you want to fly at the same speed [as the questions requires], you must increase the power to over come the extra drag and prevent the aircraft from slowing down.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662627464.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20220526224902-20220527014902-00361.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2022-21
| 1,835 | 13 |
http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/134225/a-local-computation-of-the-galois-group-of-a-polynomial
|
math
|
The following theorem was proved by van der Waerden in his book on algebra. His proof used a factorization of a multivariate polynomial. A paper on the computations of Galois groups said it could be proved by a method of algebraic number theory. I tried to prove it. I thought about using Hensel's lemma but could not follow through. I also thought about using a decomposition group but could not follow through either. How can it be proved?
Theorem Let $A$ be a unique factorization domain. Let $K$ be the field of fractions of $A$. Let $f(X)$ be a monic polynomial in $A[X]$. Supppose $f(X)$ has no multiple root in a splitting field of $K$. Let $G$ be the Galois group of $f(X)$ over $K$. Let $p$ be an irreducible element of $A$. Let $F$ be the field of fractions of $A/pA$. Let $g(X)$ be the reduction of $f(X)$ with respect to $pA$. Suppose $g(X)$ has no multiple root in a splitting field of $F$. Let $H$ be the Galois group of $g(X)$ over $F$. Then $H$ can be embedded in $G$.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-30/segments/1469257821671.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20160723071021-00268-ip-10-185-27-174.ec2.internal.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2016-30
| 984 | 2 |
https://cracku.in/96-mr-a-starts-a-business-with-an-investment-of-28000-x-rrb-group-d-3-oct-2018-shift-2
|
math
|
Mr. A starts a business with an investment of ₹ 28.000. Mr. B joins the business after 5 months. After 2 more months Mr. C joins. If the ratio of their profit after one year is 4:2:3, then find out the investments made by Mr. B and Mr. C in rupees?
28000$$\times\ $$12 : B$$\times\ $$7 : C$$\times\ $$5= 4 : 2 : 3,
by solving this we can evalualte the value B and C are ₹ 24,000, ₹ 50,400 respectively,
hence option 'D' is correct.
Create a FREE account and get:
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510319.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20230927171156-20230927201156-00577.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2023-40
| 468 | 5 |
https://handbook.unimelb.edu.au/2024/components/b-sci-major-28
|
math
|
This major combines the overviews of the Physics and the Mathematics and Statistics majors.
NOTE - Students undertaking this major may not be concurrently admitted to the Diploma in Mathematical Sciences (D-MATHSC).
Intended learning outcomes
On completion of this major, students should be able to demonstrate:
- Mastery of a broad spectrum of mathematical methods and ability to use these methods to solve diverse problems in the physical as well as the engineering sciences
- Appreciation of the distinction between mathematics which is a science based on rigorous proofs and physics which is a science based on experimental results
- Ability to move back and forth between abstract mathematical concepts and concrete physical results, transferring ideas from one subject to the other
- Aptitude at modelling physical phenomena in mathematical terms, as well proposing physical realizations of mathematical results
- Ability to communicate abstract mathematical ideas to an audience with a heterogeneous background in the physical and engineering sciences as well as communicating real-life experimental results to mathematicians
- Intuition into applicability of mathematics in the real world and ability to extract a physical significance of mathematical facts
- Facility in successfully joining groups of researchers from diverse backgrounds including mathematicians as well as physicists and engineers.
Last updated: 30 January 2024
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473524.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20240221170215-20240221200215-00508.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2024-10
| 1,439 | 12 |
https://ironwilldogtrainingco.com/product/master-puppy-program/
|
math
|
Iron Will Dog Training
Home of the Turnkey Puppy
This is a very popular program because it concentrates on helping pups master all their commands. Pups are trained through 6 months of age.
Pups are trained through 6 months of age.
Thank you for visiting Iron Will Dog Training!
If you have questions please contact us Monday – Friday 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.
𝙱𝚎𝚐𝚒𝚗𝚗𝚒𝚗𝚐 𝚝𝚘 𝚊𝚍𝚟𝚊𝚗𝚌𝚎𝚍 𝚙𝚞𝚙𝚙𝚢 𝚝𝚛𝚊𝚒𝚗𝚒𝚗𝚐. 𝚅𝚒𝚜𝚒𝚝 𝚘𝚞𝚛 𝚠𝚎𝚋𝚜𝚒𝚝𝚎 𝚏𝚘𝚛 𝚖𝚘𝚛𝚎 𝚒𝚗𝚏𝚘𝚛𝚖𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚘𝚗 & 𝚐𝚒𝚟𝚎 𝚞𝚜 𝚊 𝚏𝚘𝚕𝚕𝚘𝚠! 🐾 #ironwilldogtraining #turnkeypuppy #puppytraining
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103347800.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220628020322-20220628050322-00043.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2022-27
| 738 | 7 |
https://www.apollonconnections.com/what-math-is-after-calculus/
|
math
|
According to DeepMind research published online on Tuesday, their algorithms were trained in algebra, calculus, probability, and other types of math topics. However, after testing these algorithms,
Mathematics Events. Math Placement Test (for current UWRF students) All students who have not taken college-level courses in math are required to take the Wisconsin Regional Placement Test before registering for a math class.
Mathematics Used In Robotics Pdf Both students will receive a $1,000 scholarship through Indiana’s CollegeChoice 529 Direct Savings Plan and were selected for. The forecast is analyzed based on the volume and revenue of this market. The tools used for analyzing the Global Oil and Gas Robotics Market research report include SWOT analysis. For Early Buyers |. Develop advanced statistical
Course Summary Math 104: Calculus has been evaluated and recommended for up to 6 semester hours and may be transferred to over 2,000 colleges and universities.
A minority of students then wend their way through geometry, trigonometry and, finally, calculus, which is considered the pinnacle of high-school-level math. But this progression. understanding too.
Online homework and grading tools for instructors and students that reinforce student learning through practice and instant feedback.
Improve your math skills with Math Made Easy’s Dvd programs – a comprehensive set of math dvds designed to help you master any subject, at your own pace. Math Made Easy is nationally recognized for helping thousands of students dramatically improve their math grades, and is seen and heard by millions on TV and radio. />
(Shutterstock) BERGEN COUNTY, NJ — Any student who asks Kevin Killian when they will ever use math after high school.
Comprehensive encyclopedia of mathematics with 13,000 detailed entries. Continually updated, extensively illustrated, and with interactive examples.
Just 30 minutes a day can build a lifetime of advantages. Enrolling in the Kumon Math Program will help build and advance your child’s math skills, for an advantage in school and beyond.
The Department of Mathematics of the University of Georgia is a vibrant mathematical community. The department has held an NSF VIGRE grant and an NSF VIGRE II grant for 12 years, and currently holds a $2,000,000 NSF Research and Training Group (RTG) grant (2014-2019). These grants provide additional financial support for graduate students, and stimulate research and teaching collaborations.
We learn about calculus in high school and we know it includes integration. In other words for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction — Newton’s third law — After launch to achieve.
Mike, architecture major, Summer 2010 This calculus course was very convenient in the sense that it was online and 4 credits without any major prerequisite. But over the summer I took this class while taking another online class and working 40 hours a week. This calculus class is not good for someone who plans on doing too many other things over the summer.
Free Calculus Tutorials and Problems. Free interactive tutorials that may be used to explore a new topic or as a complement to what have been studied already. The analytical tutorials may be used to further develop your skills in solving problems in calculus. Topics in calculus are explored interactively, using large window java applets, and analytically with examples and detailed solutions.
Cool Math has free online cool math lessons, cool math games and fun math activities. Really clear math lessons (pre-algebra, algebra, precalculus), cool math games, online graphing calculators, geometry art, fractals, polyhedra, parents and teachers areas too.
PHOENIX (FOX 10) –A math instructor at the Paradise Valley Community College. On Friday, FOX 10 learned that Ochkur taught algebra and calculus at three different campuses since 2004. Last month,
Jobs With Physiology Degree A bachelor’s degree in exercise physiology or exercise science may be sufficient for some jobs, but individuals with graduate degrees may have more options and earn higher salaries. A master’s degree. Job Opportunities at Atlantic Cape Employment. Atlantic Cape Community College is a comprehensive, student centered institution of higher learning that prepares students to live
In 1990, having aced the A.P. calculus BC exam. said he almost gave up on graph theory a few years ago after an encounter with some of the leaders of the field at a math institute at the University.
After a hugely successful mission. If you want to describe an apple falling from a tree to the ground or a ball rolling down a hill, that’s calculus. It’s the mathematics of how things can change.
Across the city’s high schools, 4,660 students are taking precalculus, statistics or calculus courses this year, 456 more than last year — a 10 percent increase, according to district data obtained by.
In what order should students take math. Algebra II in 10th after completing Algebra I in the 9th have an option at our school to take Geometry in summer school between 10th and 11th grade. This.
The text requires only precalculus, and where calculus is needed, a quick summary of the basic facts is provided. Essential Discrete Mathematics for Computer Science is the ideal introductory textbook.
COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES MATHEMATICS Detailed course offerings (Time Schedule) are available for. Spring Quarter 2019; Summer Quarter 2019; Autumn Quarter 2019
In this section we define the derivative, give various notations for the derivative and work a few problems illustrating how to use the definition of the derivative to actually compute the derivative of a.
Mathematics CI 161. Content Area Methods and Materials in Secondary Teaching. Prerequisites: CI 152 AND CI 159 or concurrent enrollment; admission to the Single Subject Credential Program or.
Math Tutor educational software is a proven, curriculum-based series for Grades 6-12 math. It provides rich, adaptive mathematics instructional programs for students at all levels of ability.
Students’ median grades on MATH 51: “Linear Algebra, Multivariable Calculus, and Modern Applications” exams rose at least 15 percent between spring and fall 2018 after a new textbook and syllabus were.
Quantum Physics Best University Oct 18, 2010 · Renowned theoretical physicist Nima Arkani-Hamed delivered the first in his series of five Messenger lectures on ‘The Future of Fundamental Physics’ Oct. 4. The three-year, $4.5 million project, in addition to Sandia, includes LANL, the University. physics will help us obtain better or faster approximations." The team is working on other quantum.
IU needs to stop requiring math classes like M118: Finite Mathematics and M119: Brief Survey of Calculus I, and instead offer an alternative. it could help students avoid being in debt for decades.
. enough that even a simple Google search for ‘calculus and artificial intelligence’ turns up a bunch of blogs and additional courses on how to understand the math underlying these assignments.
What’s New at MMM Free Response Question Database (4/20/19). For those teachers who frequent the AP Central website (https://apcentral.collegeboard.org), we have put together a database of free-response questions since the year 1998.It classifies the calculus topics of every question (AB and BC) so that teachers can find free-response problems that cover specific techniques.
Fundamental Problems In Quantum Physics The D-Wave quantum annealer, developed by a Canadian company that claims it sells the world’s first commercially available quantum computers, employs the concepts of quantum physics to solve. Mathematics Used In Robotics Pdf Both students will receive a $1,000 scholarship through Indiana’s CollegeChoice 529 Direct Savings Plan and were selected for. The forecast is analyzed
Advanced Placement calculus courses in high schools adopted graphing calculators after the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics recommended the devices nearly 30 years ago. They are also common.
A teacher in Hertfordshire painstakingly piped complex mathematics on top of biscuits as a leaving. #furthermaths.
Study.com has engaging online math courses in pre-algebra, algebra, geometry, statistics, calculus, and more! Our self-paced video lessons can help you study for exams, earn college credit, or.
According to the Mathematical Association of America, only about 65 percent of students succeed in calculus, yet the math department at Texas A&M has been working hard to implement innovative tactics.
In this section we will discuss the only application of derivatives in this section, Related Rates. In related rates problems we are give the rate of change of one quantity in a problem and asked to determine the rate of one (or more) quantities in the problem. This is often one of the more difficult sections for students. We work quite a few problems in this section so hopefully by the end of.
It’s the day before a big calculus exam. accompanied with a dramatic forgetting rate after that." This is especially problematic when one lesson provides foundational information for the next, like.
I got a C in calculus in college. matter is that this is not a math problem. It’s a poorly built riddle deliberately designed to be ambiguous and get dum-dums like the Deadspin staff to yell at.
Tutoring & homework help for math, chemistry, & physics. Homework & exam help by email, Skype, Whatsapp. I can help with your online class. Free study guides, cheat sheets, & apps.
Calculus. what happens after, though it’s a bit of a misnomer, since an initial condition can also come from the middle or end of a graph. Robert Coolman is a contributing writer for Live Science.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-47/segments/1573496665573.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20191112124615-20191112152615-00204.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2019-47
| 9,764 | 41 |
https://www.investopedia.com/video/play/residual-value/
|
math
|
Residual value – sometimes referred to as salvage value -- is the amount an asset is worth at the end of its estimated useful life. When the asset is leased, the residual value is the asset’s worth at the end of the lease term.In a lease situation, the bank or lending institution financing the lease determines the residual value. This in turn, affects the monthly lease payment amount. Generally, the higher the estimated residual value, the lower the lease payment. For businesses that own fixed assets, residual value is important in determining a fixed asset’s periodic depreciation because the residual value is subtracted from the depreciable base. For instance, XYZ Corp purchases a desk for $5000. The desk has an estimated useful life of five years, at the end of which XYZ expects to be able to sell the desk for $500. The cost basis for depreciating this desk is $4,500 -- the $5,000 cost minus the $500 estimated residual value. Thus, yearly depreciation will be $900 ($4,500/5). Residual value is often very hard to estimate accurately. For a company that owns and operates many expensive fixed assets, there is always risk that the residual value estimation was wrong, and thus what was thought to be a profitable capital purchase decision was actually an unprofitable one. To mitigate this risk, a company may buy residual value insurance to lock-in the residual value of their properly maintained fixed assets.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-50/segments/1606141747774.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20201205104937-20201205134937-00487.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2020-50
| 1,433 | 1 |
https://www.statology.org/cpm-calculator/
|
math
|
In advertising, CPM stands for cost per mille, which refers to the amount an advertiser pays a website per one thousand visitors who see its advertisements. This calculator can be used to find CPM, cost, or impressions using the following formulas:
CPM = (cost/impressions) * 1000
Cost = (impressions/1000) * CPM
Impressions = (cost/CPM) * 1000
To find CPM, cost, or impressions, simply fill in two of the three values below and then click the appropriate calculation button to find the missing value you’re interested in.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-47/segments/1573496670597.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20191120162215-20191120190215-00368.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2019-47
| 524 | 5 |
https://encyclopediaofmath.org/wiki/Quaternionic_structure
|
math
|
A quaternionic structure on a real vector space is a module structure over the skew-field of quaternions , that is, a subalgebra of the algebra of endomorphisms of induced by two anti-commutative complex structures on (cf. Complex structure). The endomorphisms are called standard generators of the quaternionic structure , and the basis of defined by them is called the standard basis. A standard basis is defined up to automorphisms of . The algebra is isomorphic to the algebra of quaternions (cf. Quaternion). An automorphism of the vector space is called an automorphism of the quaternionic structure if the transformation of the space of automorphisms induced by it preserves , that is, if . If, moreover, the identity automorphism is induced on , then is called a special automorphism of the quaternionic structure. The group of all special automorphisms of the quaternionic structure is isomorphic to the general linear group over the skew-field , where . The group of all automorphisms of a quaternionic structure is isomorphic to the direct product with amalgamation of the subgroup and the group of unit quaternions .
A quaternionic structure on a differentiable manifold is a field of quaternionic structures on the tangent spaces, that is, a subbundle of the bundle of endomorphisms of tangent spaces whose fibres are quaternionic structures on the tangent spaces for all . A pair of anti-commutative almost-complex structures on the manifold is called a special quaternionic structure. It induces the quaternionic structure , where
A quaternionic structure on a manifold is induced by a special quaternionic structure if and only if the bundle is trivial. A quaternionic structure on a manifold can be regarded as a -structure, and a special quaternionic structure as a -structure in the sense of the theory of -structures (cf. -structure). Hence, in order that a quaternionic structure (or a special quaternionic structure) should exist on a manifold , it is necessary and sufficient that the structure group of the tangent bundle reduces to the group (or ). The first prolongation of a special quaternionic structure, regarded as a -structure, is an -structure (a field of frames), which determines a canonical linear connection associated with the special quaternionic structure. The vanishing of the curvature and torsion of this connection is a necessary and sufficient condition for the special quaternionic structure to be locally equivalent to the standard flat special quaternionic structure on the vector space .
A quaternionic Riemannian manifold is the analogue of a Kähler manifold for quaternionic structures. It is defined as a Riemannian manifold of dimension whose holonomy group is contained in the group . If , then the quaternionic Riemannian manifold is called a special or quaternionic Kähler manifold, and it has zero Ricci curvature. A quaternionic Riemannian manifold can be characterized as a Riemannian manifold in which there exists a quaternionic structure that is invariant with respect to Levi-Civita parallel displacement. Similarly, a special quaternionic Riemannian manifold is a Riemannian manifold in which there exists a special quaternionic structure that is invariant with respect to Levi-Civita parallel displacement: , where is the operator of covariant differentiation of the Levi-Civita connection.
In a quaternionic Riemannian manifold there exists a canonical parallel -form that defines a number of operators in the ring of differential forms on that commute with the Laplace–Beltrami operator (exterior product operator, contraction operators). This enables one to construct an interesting theory of harmonic differential forms on quaternionic Riemannian manifolds analogous to Hodge theory for Kähler manifolds, and to obtain estimates for the Betti numbers of the manifold (cf. Hodge structure; Betti number). Locally Euclidean spaces account for all the homogeneous special quaternionic Riemannian manifolds. As an example of a homogeneous quaternionic Riemannian manifold that is not special one may cite the quaternionic projective space and also other Wolf symmetric spaces which are in one-to-one correspondence with simple compact Lie groups without centre (cf. Symmetric space). These account for all compact homogeneous quaternionic Riemannian manifolds. A wide class of non-compact non-symmetric homogeneous quaternionic Riemannian manifolds can be constructed by means of modules over Clifford algebras (see ).
|||S.-S. Chern, "On a generalization of Kähler geometry" R.H. Fox (ed.) D.C. Spencer (ed.) A.W. Tucker (ed.) , Algebraic geometry and topology (Symp. in honor of S. Lefschetz) , Princeton Univ. Press (1957) pp. 103–121 MR0087172 Zbl 0078.14103|
|||V.Y. Kraines, "Topology of quaternionic manifolds" Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. , 122 (1966) pp. 357–367 MR0192513 Zbl 0148.16101|
|||K. Yano, M. Ako, "An affine connection in an almost quaternionic manifold" J. Differential Geom. , 8 : 3 (1973) pp. 341–347 MR355892|
|||A.J. Sommese, "Quaternionic manifolds" Mat. Ann. , 212 (1975) pp. 191–214 MR0425827 Zbl 0299.53023|
|||D.V. Alekseevskii, "Classification of quaternionic spaces with a transitive solvable group of motions" Math. USSR Izv. , 9 : 2 (1975) pp. 297–339 Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser. Mat. , 39 : 2 (1975) pp. 315–362 MR402649 Zbl 0324.53038|
|||J.A. Wolf, "Complex homogeneous contact manifolds and quaternionic symmetric spaces" J. Math. Mech. , 14 : 6 (1965) pp. 1033–1047 MR0185554 Zbl 0141.38202|
|||D.V. Aleksevskii, "Lie groups and homogeneous spaces" J. Soviet Math. , 4 : 5 (1975) pp. 483–539 Itogi Nauk. i Tekhn. Algebra. Topol. Geom. , 11 (1974) pp. 37–123|
Quaternionic structure. Encyclopedia of Mathematics. URL: http://encyclopediaofmath.org/index.php?title=Quaternionic_structure&oldid=33885
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347445880.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20200604161214-20200604191214-00441.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2020-24
| 5,820 | 13 |
https://lernsys.com/en/algebra-2-mixed-operations-matrices-worksheets
|
math
|
Free Math Worksheets, Math Exercises and Math Problems
Here you can download for free math worksheet exercises, math curriculum, math problems and their answer sheets for the following topics: Algebra 2 Mixed Operations Algebraic Expressions Defined Practice Exercise, Algebra 2 Mixed Operations Algebraic Expressions Some Undefined Practice Exercise, Algebra 2 Mixed Operations Mixed Defined Practice Exercise, Algebra 2 Mixed Operations Mixed Some Undefined Practice Exercise, Algebra 2 Mixed Operations Numbers Only Defined Practice Exercise and Algebra 2 Mixed Operations Numbers Only Some Undefined Practice Exercise.
Our downloadable math exercises, math worksheets and math practice files are suitable for all types of students, including homeschoolers, and private and public students. These downloadable math worksheets are topics usually covered in elementary, middle school or high school, and include Grade 6 Math Worksheets, Grade 7 Math Worksheets, Grade 8 Math Worksheets Grade 9 Math Worksheets, Grade 10 Math Worksheets, Grade 11 Math Worksheets, Grade 12 Math Worksheets
If you are a homeschooler, public or private student and need additional math worksheets or math problems, or help with math, feel free to browse the world's largest selection of fully-featured math video lessons and math courses:
Our online math video courses include all the math resources you need, including downloadable worksheets, math curriculum, math video lessons, exercise correction lectures (step-by-step math tutorials), quizzes, tests and much more! Click on the links below to access more free math worksheets, math lessons and math exercises:
Grade 1 Math Lessons Grade 2 Math Lessons Grade 3 Math Lessons Grade 4 Math Lessons
Grade 5 Math Lessons Grade 6 Math Lessons Grade 7 Math Lessons Grade 8 Math Lessons
Grade 9 Math Lessons Grade 10 Math Lessons Grade 11 Math Lessons Grade 12 Math Lessons
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100258.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20231130225634-20231201015634-00331.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2023-50
| 1,902 | 8 |
https://www.arxiv-vanity.com/papers/cond-mat/0110239/
|
math
|
We study the BTW-height model of self-organized criticality on a square lattice with some long range connections giving to the lattice the character of small world network. We find that as function of the fraction of long ranged bonds the power law of the avalanche size and lifetime distribution changes following a crossover scaling law with crossover exponents and for size and lifetime respectively.
Self-organized Criticality on Small World Networks
L. de Arcangelis and H.J. Herrmann
Department of Information Engineering, Second University of Neaples
INFM Neaples UdR and CG SUN, Via Roma 29, I-81031 Aversa (CE), Italy
Institute for Computer Applications 1, University of Stuttgart
Pfaffenwaldring 27, D-70569 Stuttgart
Small world networks have recently been observed to exist in many physical, biological and social cases [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. A simple minded example is the structure of the neo-cortex and the network of acquaintances in certain societies. Another ubiquitous phenomenon (SOC) [6, 7, 8] in nature and society is self-organized criticality, i.e. the appearance of avalanches of all sizes without characteristic scale over a certain range. Easily one can imagine cases in which both of these phenomena occur simultaneously, that means that we find an avalanche type spreading on a sparsely long-range connected network. As an example we propose the spreading of neural information inside the cervical cortex which is due to the threshold behaviour given by the firing rule which automatically induces avalanches of synapses. Another example one can imagine are societies where each individual has a certain threshold of endurance. Let us take the example of Peter Grassberger for the classical SOC-model of office clerks moving sheets of papers from desk to desk, as illustrated in Peter Bak’s book in Fig. 13 and admit that the clerks do not sit on a square lattice but have a more realistic connectivity in their work relation (typically small world network behaviour). Many other examples of this kind can be thought of.
In this short paper we want to present a model for self-organized criticality on a graph having the properties of small world networks. In fact, we consider the classical height model of Bak, Tang and Wiesenfeld (BTW) on a square lattice which has been “rewired” for a certain fraction of bonds which are chosen of arbitrary range. For that purpose we take a square lattice of linear size and all bonds present between nearest neighbours sites. Then we choose randomly two sites of the system and place a bond between them (which can therefore be of any length smaller than ). In order to keep the coordination of the sites on average to be four, one of the smaller bonds going to a neighbouring site of one of the end points of one long bond is removed. This procedure repeats until a fraction of all bonds has been replaced by long range connections. This type of graph is not the same as the one used by most authors working on small world networks, because the underlying short range lattice is not a linear chain but a square lattice. Nevertheless the properties should qualitatively be the same: large world behaviour for large and a small world behaviour for small . The situation corresponds to the simple square lattice and to random graph with average coordination 4 and long range connections (Viana-Bray) on which one would expect mean-field behaviour.
On each site of the lattice we place an integer value less than a threshold . At each time step randomly one site is chosen and its value is increased by unity, i.e. a unit mass is added to it.
When the value of the height having neighbours reaches the threshold , it topples, i.e. it distributes mass equally to its neighbours:
where goes over all neighbors of site . We see that eq. (1) preserves the mass (the sum of all heights).
We have studied the statistics of avalanches monitoring as well their size (number of sites that toppled at least once) as their lifetime , that means the number of time step an avalanche lives. The quantities and denote the avalanche size and life time distributions. For the case , that means the classical BTW-model on the square lattice it is known that asymptotically
with and in two dimensions.
It is our aim here to investigate what happens for different values of . To this purpose we have analysed square lattices of size and and a range of values from to . The lattice has spiral boundary conditions in one direction and two open boundaries at top and bottom, where mass in excess can flow out of the system. In each configuration we have injected randomly 2500 particles of unit mass, letting each time the avalanche proceed until no site had a value of . The data were averaged over 200, 50 and 10 configurations for and respectively.
In Fig. 1 we see the distribution of avalanche sizes for different system sizes and two different values of and in a double logarithmic plot. We see that the data follow a straight line for nearly two decades indicating that we still find SOC-behaviour. The slope of the straight line gives us the exponent . In Fig. 2 we see the corresponding figures for the distribution of life times. Again the data show power law behaviour and the slope gives the exponent . We observe that the exponents and depend on but they do not appear to depend on .
In Fig. 3 we see the dependence of and on as obtained from our simulations. We see that for we obtain the classical result on the square lattice of BTW , . For close to unity the values of the exponents convert to the meanfield values and [9, 10, 11]. This is of course not surprising and the question is if the continuous change of the exponent and is an intrinsic continuous line of critical points or, if we have here a crossover phenomenon as it appears for instance in magnetic models that interpolate between 2 and 3 dimensions. For that purpose we tried for both the size and the lifetime avalanche data in Fig. 4, a data collapse of all the distributions for different values of following the classical crossover scaling
where and are scaling functions and and are universal crossover exponents. We see from Fig. 4 that a collapse of the data works reasonably well yielding crossover exponents of for the avalanche size distribution and for the lifetime distribution.
By studying the BTW-model on a small world square network we observed a crossover to meanfield behaviour following a crossover scaling law of eq. (3). It would be interesting to see if the same occurs for the simpler Manna-model and we have heard calculations are already under way .
This work has been partially supported by the European TMR Network-Fractals under contract No.FMRXCT980183 and by MURST-PRIN-2000.
- Watts, D.J., Strogatz, S.H. Collective dynamics of ‘small-world’ networks. Nature 393, 440–442 (1998).
- Newman, M.E.J., Moore, C., Watts, D.J. Mean-Field Solution of the Small-World Network Model. Physical Review Letters 84, 3201–3204 (1999).
- Newman, M.E.J., Watts, D.J. Scaling and percolation in the small-world network model. Physical Review E 60, No. 6, 7332–7342 (1999).
- Collins, J.J., Chow, C.C. It’s a small world. Nature 393, 409 (1998)
- Amaral, L.A.N., Scala, A., Barthélémy, M., Stanley, H.E. Proc.Nat.Ac.Sci USA 97, 11149-11152 (2000).
- Bak, P., Tang, C. and Wiesenfeld K. Self-Organized Criticality. An Explanation of Noise. Physical Review Letters 59, 381 (1987). Self-Organized Criticality. Physical Review A 38, 364 (1988).
- Bak, P. How nature works. The science of self-organized criticality. Springer, New York (1996).
- Manna, S.S. J. Phys. A 24, L363 (1991).
- Tang, C., Bak, P. J.Stat.Phys. 51, 797 (1988).
- Janowsky, S.A., Laberge, C.A. J. Phys. A 26, L973 (1993).
- Flyvbjerg, H., Sneppen, K., Bak, P. Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 4087 (1993).
Stanley, H.E. et al.
|
s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243991553.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20210510235021-20210511025021-00442.warc.gz
|
CC-MAIN-2021-21
| 7,849 | 32 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.